----------------------------------------
-------                  ,transcrib]'s  
,note3                                  
,inconsi/5t hyph5ation & spell+ 9 !     
orig9al docum5t h be5 pres]v$4          
,greek words are translit]at$ & m>k$    
l s4                                    
----------------------------------------
-------       ,,on ,,!   ,,cattle       
,,plague3   ,,or1   ,contagi\s ,typhus 9
 ,horn$ ,cattle4    ,,its ,,hi/ory1     
,,orig91 ,,description1 ,,& ,,treatm5t4 
,,by   ,h4 ,,b\rguignon1    ,doctor ( ! 
,facult de ,p>is1 ,fell[ ( ! ,socit de  
,mdec9e     de ,p>is2 ,laureate ( !     
,in/itute ( ,france1 ,memb] ( !         
,legion ( ,hon\r1 etc4       ,scribo nec
 ficta1 nee picta1 s$ qu ratio1         
s5sus et exp]i5tia doc5t4               
,,philadelphia3   ,j4 ,b4 ,,lipp9cott   
,,co4   ,,london3 ,j ,,*ur*ill  ,,sons4 
#ahfi4       ,,to   ,,miss ,,burdett    
,,c\tts4     ,,madam1  ,! num]\s s]vices
 :i* y h r5d]$1 & ! int]e/ y h %[n 9 !  
calamit\s epizootic :i* at ?is mom5t    

decimates ! noble h]ds ( ,engl&1 h      
prompt$ me to d$icate ! foll[+ pages to 
y1 satisfi$ t ,i am only giv+ public    
expression to ! homage felt = y by _m ( 
y\r fell[-c\ntrym54  ,i h ! hon\r to be1
 ,madam1    ,) respect1 y\r ob$i5t      
s]vant1    ,h4 ,,b\rguignon4            
,,preface4   ,nations1 dur+ ! successive
 phases ( _! evolution on ! globe1 9 :i*
 !y advance f a /ate ( infancy & b>b>ism
 to "o ( virility & civilization1 f     
civilization to decad5ce or s5ility2 & f
 decad5ce to _! f9al ext9ction1 are     
liable to numb]less calamities4  ,^!    
calamities are produc$ by moral causes1 
& are !n call$ social ,revolutions2 & 9 
o!r in/ances f physical causes1 & !n !y 
are t]m$ ,cataclysms1 ,epidemics1 or    
,epizootics4  ,9 ^! crises1 ! initiative
 & devotion ( individuals1 ! public     
adm9i/ration1 & ! application ( k       
acquir$ 9 ! ,arts & ,sci5ces1 af=d      
collectively an infallible crit]ion =   
asc]ta9+ ! position :i* a nation        
occupies 9 ! scale ( civilization1 & !  

value ( its religi\s1 social1 &         
political in/itutions4  ,calamities     
always leave beh9d !m disa/]s & victims1
 b !y bequea? also a preci\s legacy4    
,nations :i* are call$ ^u = fre% &      
progressive ef=ts1 f9d 9 ! exp]i5ce !y h
 ga9$ a new s\rce ( /r5g? & means (     
future greatness4 ,i am conv9c$ t ?is w 
be ! case ) ,engl&2 ?\gh1 helpless = !  
mom5t1 & unable to /ay ! ,cattle ,plague
 :i* n[ ravages h] entire ext5t1 %e w 9 
future be f\nd bett] prep>$ to resi/ !  
inroads ( su* a direful enemy4  ,no     
bran* ( human k has be5 m rudely te/$   
dur+ ! pres5t epizootic ?an m$ical      
sci5ce4 ,_m p]sons h be5 a/\nd$ at its  
helplessness2 b if !y _h reflect$ at :at
 a di/ance m$ic9e has to foll[ 9 ! wake 
( ! exact sci5ces by :i* x is furni%$ ) 
in/rum5ts = prosecut+ its rese>*es1--t  
organic *emi/ry progresses b sl[ly1--t !
 ,cattle ,plague 0 entirely unkn[n to ! 
pres5t g5]ation ( m$ical m5 9 ,engl&1--&
 t ! means = its sci5tific & practical  
/udy h be5 !re=e :olly want+1 !y w\ld h 

be5 less surpris$ to f9d t x is z       
difficult to cure ! ,cattle ,plague z x1
 is to cure ph?isis1 canc]1 hydrophobia1
 & ! *ol]a1 aga9/ :i* m$ic9e b too (t5  
is ( little avail4  ,9 times ( great    
national calamity x behoves e "o to     
contribute 9 proportion to 8 tal5ts1    
=tune1 or abilities1 to alleviate !     
effects ( ! common mis=tune4 ,! poor    
man's mite1 & ! hone/ int5tion ( ! mo/  
insignificant1 :5 add$ to ! budget (    
common ef=ts1 h _! relative value2 & x  
is = ^! reasons t ,i h publi%$ ! foll[+ 
monograph on ! ,cattle ,plague4  ,if x  
assi/s 9 any way to ! ext9ction ( !     
pres5t epizootic1 or if x s]ve to po9t  
out ! necessity ( comb9+ ! /udy (       
comp>ative pa?ology ) t ( m$ic9e1 ,i    
%all feel t ,i h contribut$ some?+ :i*  
may fav\r my claim to be enroll$ among !
 citiz5s ( ,engl&4  ,?is book1 z may    
easily be se51 0 orig9ally writt5 9 my  
native language4 ,a few k9d & oblig+    
fri5ds--m p>ticul>ly ,mr4 ,taylor       
,s9nett1 ,drs4 ,clapton & ,g]vis1 ( ,/4 

,?omas's ,hospital1 & ,mr4 ,b]ridge1 ( !
 ,briti% ,museum--h r5d]$ me ! greate/  
assi/ance 9 ! translation4 ,)\t !       
guidance ( su* compet5t auxili>ies ,i   
c\ld n h p]=m$ my ardu\s task4  ,i !re=e
 beg to return to ^? g5tlem51 & to all  
^? :o h assi/$ me on ?is occasion1 my   
s9c]e/ & mo/ grateful ?anks4    ,h4 ,b4 
,,cont5ts4                              
,,page    ,introduction                 
#a     ,,fir/ ,,"p4    ,! ,hi/ory ( !   
,contagi\s ,typhus ( ! ,ox1 f       !   
remote/ ,times d[n to ! ,pres5t ,day    
#e     ,,second ,,"p4    ,,*apt]        
,i4--,on ,typhus ,disease 9 g5]al1 & !  
,typhus :i* affects ! ,ox 9 p>ticul>    
#gb    ,,*apt] ,,ii4--,! ,orig9 &       
,causes ( ! ,ox-,typhus              #hd
    ,,*apt] ,,iii4--,description ( !    
,contagi\s ,typhus       ( ! ,ox2 its   
,symptoms1 ,c\rse1 ,progress1 c4        
#adj           #a4 ,symptomatic         
,*>act]i/ics                            
#ada           #b4 ,lesions f\nd 9 !    
,bodies aft] ,dea?              #afc    

#c4 ,diagnosis--,prognosis--,use ( !    
,fle% (                ,animals--,dang] 
( direct ,absorption               #agc 
#d4 ,g5]al ,consid]ations on ! ,typhus1 
&                ,recapitulation ( !    
,symptoms                     #aia      
,,*apt] ,,iv4--,treatm5t ( ! ,ox-,typhus
                     #bjf           #a  
#b4 ,means & ,measures to be employ$    
to resi/ ! ,causes ( ,contagi\s ,typhus 
( ! ,bov9e ,species                     
#bjh           #c4 ,curative ,m$ication 
#bcg           #d4 ,hygi5ic ,measures to
 be tak5 aga9/ !                        
,ext5sion ( ! ,contagion--,acts &       
,ord]s conc]n+ sanit>y ,police          
,regulations      #beg     ,,?ird ,,"p4 
,to ,f>m]s & ,grazi]s                   
#bha     ,,f\r? ,,"p4    ,sugge/ions on 
! ,improvem5ts to be effect$ 9       !  
,/udy ( ,m$ical ,sci5ce1 9 ord] t we    
may be 9 a ,condition to confront       
,disease g5]ally1       & ,epizootic &  
,epidemic ,diseases 9 p>ticul>          
#caa     ,,app5dix4    ,v>i\s ,docum5ts 

#ccg     ,,introduction4   ,ev]yone is  
talk+ ( ! ,,cattle ,,plague6 ,b :y %\ld 
we borr[ ?is s9i/] & gloomy d5om9ation f
 ! middle ages & f ! p's vocabul>y8 ,is 
?is1 !n1 an unkn[n & incurable disease8 
,is ?is ! fir/ "t t x has made its      
appe>ance on ! soil ( ,great ,brita98   
,to judge by ! mann] 9 :i* ! diffusion (
 ?is compla9t has be5 met1 acc\nt$ =1   
expla9$1 & discuss$1 "o might imag9e x 0
 s2 & yet ! m]e obs]vation ( its causes1
 its symptoms1 & its signs & effects on 
! bodies ( ! diseas$ animals1 besides a 
few ref]5ces to ! m$ical libr>y1 w\ld   
easily h te/ifi$ t nature did n wait    
until ! second half ( ! #ai? c5tury to  
g5]ate a new di/emp]4 ,no6 ,no?+ new has
 appe>$ = a long "t 9 ! worlds ( space4 
,! cosmic ph5om5a pursue _! p]petual    
c\rse1 & ! organic ph5om5a1  =tiori1 d !
 same4 ,life1 ?r\gh\t ! :ole range ( !  
animal k+dom1 :atev] may be its *anges &
 fluctuations1 submits to ! fix$ &      
inv>iable laws :i* hold dom9ion ov]     
heal? & disease4 ,our presumption &     

ignorance alone c acc\nt = ! a/oni%m5t  
we manife/1 n only :5 we witness great  
g5]al calamities1 b ev5 :5 we look ^u ^?
 simple morbid d]angem5ts :i* organic   
matt]1 bo? animal & vegetable1 is       
cont9ually und]go+ on ! globe1 9 !      
natural progress ( de/ruction &         
dissolution4  ,! habit we mo/ ( u h     
contract$ ( conf9+ our obs]vations to ! 
ph5om5a :i* /rike our eyes1 in/ead (    
fix+ !m on ! g5]al causes by :i* ^!     
ph5om5a h be5 produc$2 ! =getfulness (  
"s1 9 o!rs ! want ( acqua9tance ) g5]al 
& comp>ative pa?ology1 h 9 ?is in/ance  
l$ _m consci5ti\s inquir]s to           
misappreh5d bo? ! nature & ! treatm5t ( 
! cattle compla9t4 ,x is 9 va9 t we h   
subdivid$ & class$ m$ical sci5ce--9 va9 
t we h arbitr>ily in/itut$ a vet]9>y    
m$ic9e & a human m$ic9e2 nature1 9 h]   
acts1 has no su* subtleties4 ,) nature1 
organic matt] is organic matt]1 life is 
life2 & al?\gh x may be true t bo?      
organic matt] & life become m complex1 &
 cont9ue to rise 9 p]fection till !y    

rea* man1 x is q z true t ! laws (      
pa?ology & physiology are ! same 9 all1 
& t x is j z difficult to cure ! typhus 
( ! ox z t ( man4 ,z1 !re=e1 x is       
because we ov]look$ ^! fundam5tal tru?s1
 t ! outbreak ( ! cattle di/emp] f\nd u 
unprep>$1 we mu/ treat ! subject ) all !
 gravity :i* is its due4  ,let x n1     
h[ev]1 be fe>$ t ! special fact ( !     
s-call$ ,cattle ,plague w be lo/ sight (
 amid/ a cr[d ( sci5tific g5]alities4   
,no2 collat]al reflections1 seem+ly     
=eign to ! ma9 argum5t1 w concur to     
elucidate x2 & all ^! rays ( light w    
conv]ge to a common c5tre1 reflect+1 we 
flatt] ourselves1 "s evid5t facts &     
practical tru?s4  ,?is "w on ! contagi\s
 typhus ( ! ox is divid$ into f\r       
pr9cipal p>ts4  ,! fir/ "p conta9s !    
hi/ory ( ?is typhus f ! remote/ times   
d[n to ! pres5t day4 ,x is divid$ into  
sev]al sections4  ,! second "p1 :i*     
gives ! description ( ! disease1 is     
subdivid$ into f\r *apt]s4  ,! fir/     
*apt] treats ( g5]al typhus1 9 ord] t a 

p]fect und]/&+ may be arriv$ at z to !  
"n & def9ition ( ! p>ticul> di/emp] :i* 
affects ! ox4  ,! second relates to !   
causes & orig9 ( ! disease4  ,! ?ird    
treats ( its symptoms1 its progress1 c4 
,! f\r? conta9s its mode ( treatm5t4  ,!
 ?ird "p gives "s pla9 in/ructions = !  
b5efit ( f>m]s1 cattle-deal]s1 &        
dairym54  ,! f\r? "p gives a developm5t 
( ! sci5tific means & safegu>ds to be   
adopt$1 9 ord] t ?is c\ntry %all nev]   
relapse into t /ate ( helpless panic to 
:i* a want ( prep>ation expos$ x :5 !   
pres5t epizootia began its ravages4     
,,fir/ ,,"p4      ,! ,hi/ory ( !        
,contagi\s ,typhus ( ! ,ox1 f !         
remote/ times d[n to ! pres5t day4   ,i4
  ,g5]al1 local1 & p>ticul> causes (    
de/ruction are con/antly react+ on      
organiz$ creatures1 & ^! causes acc\nt =
 ^? epiphytic diseases :i* infe/ plants1
 ! epizootic diseases :i* spread        
mortality among ! brute creation1 & !   
epidemic1 :i* /rike & are fatal to !    
human species4 ,?us x is t we           

p>ticul>ize at pres5t1 9 ! vegetable    
k+dom1 ! disease :i* has attack$ ! v9es1
 olive-trees1 & potatoes2 9 ! animal    
k+dom1 ! silkworm sickness1 & ! *ol]a1 &
 ! typhoid fev] ( cattle3 s t we may    
safely say1 t "o or o!r ( ^! diseases is
 always1 at a giv5 mom5t1 rag+ 9 "s "p (
 ! globe among "s species ( animal1 ei!r
 birds1 pigs1 horses1 %eep1 horn$       
cattle1 or1 9 f9e1 attacks man himself4 
,:51 h[ev]1 ! peccant invasion falls    
only on ! vegetables & animals situat$  
at our antipodes1 we seldom he> ( !     
ravages x commits2 & :5 we d1 =getful ( 
! aff9ity :i* l9ks toge!r all ! organic 
be+s on ! e>? & _! mutual dep5d5ce1 no?+
 c exce$ ! indiff]5ce we %[ to ^!       
calamities4 ,!n1 :5 ! dang] ?reat5s u   
ne>] home1 or :5 ! evil has invad$ u1 we
 h rec\rse to qu>ant9e z ! gr&          
pres]vative to %ield u4 ,b ?is          
pres]vative rem$y is mo/ frequ5tly      
deceptive--a m]e illusion2 = ! real     
plague1 typhus & *ol]a1 borne along by !
 w9ds ( heav51 pass ov] ! longe/        

di/ances & ! highe/ ob/acles1 & baffle  
all our calculations2 tea*+ u1 by _!    
successive returns1 t we %all cont9ually
 be expos$ to _! de/ructive havoc s long
 z we neglect to eradicate ! evil at its
 orig9al s\rce1 t is1 9 ^? c\ntries f   
:i* x emanates4  ,& ?is is ! place to   
obs]ve1 t ! *ol]a morbus ?reat5s to keep
 a p]man5t foot+ 9 ! ,engli% possessions
 ( ,india1 because ! public works1 by   
means ( :i* ! great riv]s us$ to be     
conf9$ to _! b$s1 h n ( late be5 repair$
 & kept 9 good ord] 9 ^? c\ntries2 ow+  
to :i* neglect1 _! wat]s ov]fl[ ! pla9s1
 leav+1 :5 !y subside1 ^? pe/il5tial    
deposits :i* af=d a p]petual incubation 
to ! *ol]a4  ,we are induc$ to dwell ?us
 on ! g5]al causes ( ^! diseases1       
because ! sick plants1 on :i* dumb      
animals fe$1 & ! sick animals1 on :i*   
man himself fe$s1 h a cont9ual relation 
( cause & effect2 & we %all h to ref] to
 ?is subject & give x weight1 :5 we come
 to speak ( ! treatm5t ( ^! diseases4   
,x is an important fact1 :i* des]ves our

 mo/ po9t$ att5tion & consid]ation1 t ! 
vital resi/ance inh]5t 9 ! animal frame 
to )/& ! attacks ( ^! contagi\s         
diseases1 is v f> f be+ ! same ?r\gh\t !
 :ole k9d4 ,man1 9 ?is respect1 is ! mo/
 fav\r$ & be/ =tifi$2 he is able1 )\t   
mu* deg5]at+1 to inhabit any latitude1  
to g ) a sort ( impunity1 if 8 call+    
require him to d s1 amid/ ! mo/         
pe/il5tial emanations1 & to cont9ue =   
h\rs inhal+ _! baneful fumes4 ,we c\ld  
quote _m /rik+ examples ( ?is resi/+ p[]
 9 man4 ,b !re is "o :i* we h rec5tly   
witness$1 & :i* all c appreciate4 ,we   
ref] to ! slaught]-h\se ( ! great       
,metropolitan ,m>ket4 ,"h we saw1 9     
lumps & fragm5ts1 e v>iety ( corrupt    
detritus ( animals :i* _h be5 seiz$ ) ! 
contagi\s typhus2 we saw ! animals1 too1
 be+ fell$ & slaught]$ & dissect$1 9 a  
high temp]ature :i* r5d]$ ! air s       
poison\s t we c\ld h>dly brea! x2 yet   
amid/ all ?is infection ! workm5 employ$
 to move & h&le ^! revolt+ wrecks appe>$
 indiff]5t to ! sc5e1 & q 9 _! usual    

heal?4 ,no liv+ animal besides man c\ld 
/& su* a trial2 no o!r c\ld brea! =     
h\rs1 & day aft] day1 l ^! workm51 an   
atmosph]e s *>g$ ) decompos+ impurities4
  ,we say1 !re=e1 t man may expose      
himself1 ) less dang] to 8 life ?an any 
o!r animal1 to ^? p]nici\s causes :i*   
produce & develop contagi\s diseases4   
,next to him1 ) respect to ?is p[] (    
vital resi/ance1 come ! omnivor\s       
animals1 !n ! c>nivor\s1 & la/ ( all1 ! 
h]bivor\s1 9 :i* ?is faculty is v feeble
 inde$4  ,?is prime consid]ation1 to be 
fully und]/ood & appreciat$ by          
unsci5tific read]s1 w\ld require        
explanations beyond ! scope ( ?is "w4   
,let u1 h[ev]1 = ! pres5t e/abli% !     
fact1 t h]bivor\s animals1 su* z %eep & 
horn$ cattle1 (f] b a v weak resi/ance  
to ! causes :i* g5]ate infecti\s &      
epizootic diseases1 & let u d our be/ to
 prove x by demon/ration2 = if ?is tru? 
be once admitt$1 we %all !refrom d$uce t
 x is ! duty ( man con/antly to surr\nd 
^! frail & delicate creatures ) special 

c>e & att5tion1 if he wi%es to prev5t _!
 be+ decimat$ f "t to "t1 & if he w\ld  
likewise avoid ! consequ5t injuries to  
himself--! loss ( heal? & money accru+ f
 ?is det]ioration4  ,s long z !         
h]bivor\s or grass-eat+ animal is       
prop]ly f$2 s long z he br[ses on fat   
pa/ures2 s long z 8 blood reta9s ^?     
physiological elem5ts :i* are ! prime   
condition ( heal?1 he c1 & does1 resi/ !
 causes ( mo/ contagi\s maladies4 ,b if 
a hot summ] & a long cont9uance ( dry   
wea!r *ance to curtail1 9 temp]ate      
zones1 ! usual abundance ( 8 fodd]1 !n  
comes ! fatal *ange3 ! blood is         
impov]i%$1 ! secretions are debilitat$1 
a /range languor runs ?r\gh ! sy/em1 !  
vital resi/ance is unn]v$1 & he becomes 
an easy prey to ^? noxi\s influ5ces :i* 
7 enc\nt]$ be=e )\t injury :il/ 8       
provision 0 abundant4  ,?is is a        
fundam5tal matt]4 ,we !re=e beg leave to
 support & ju/ify our argum5t by borr[+ 
"s additional evid5ce f prior lab\rs (  
ours1 accompli%$ at ! ,ecole d',al=t1   

ne> ,p>is1 conjo9tly ) ,pr(essor        
,delafond1 ^: "n has s (t5 be5 cit$ 9 ! 
public j\rnals 9 connexion ) ! cattle   
plague4  ,all vegetables & animals2 ) ! 
exception ( adult m51 :5ev] _! heal?    
decl9es f any cause 7b m p>ticul>ly f   
paucity ( food71 spontane\sly g5]ate    
microscopic p>asites1 or v m9ute        
insects1 ! g]ms ( :i* are inh]5t 9 _!   
sy/em4 ,a flock ( fleecy animals1 wa/$  
by defici5t food 9 dry & p>*$ mead[s1   
becomes attack$ 9 due "t by a p>asitical
 cutane\s disease1 kn[n z ! it*1 :i* is 
en\gh1 if n *eck$1 to de/roy ! :ole4    
,n[1 all t is requir$ is to remove ?is  
flock to a m f]tile soil1 :]e !re is    
pl5ty to fe$ !m1 & ! disease w disappe> 
( itself )\t any treatm5t4 ,defici5cy ( 
food de/roys ! heal? ( animals1 &       
abundance ( food ov]comes disease 9 !m4 
,a %eep affect$ by ?is p>asitical       
disease may1 )\t any fe>1 be plac$ 9 a  
flock ( heal?y %eep1 = he w n propagate 
! di/emp]2 b if in/ead ( be+ s\nd &     
heal?y1 ! flock is 9 a weak decl9+ /ate1

 ?is contam9at$ animal w diffuse !      
disease ) frightful rapidity1 & may     
cause _! entire de/ruction4 ,^! facts   
may seem />tl+1 b we are only speak+    
aft] ! inconte/able au?ority (          
exp]im5ts4  ,we select$ six heal?y %eep1
 :i* we kept well suppli$ ) provisions2 
we cov]$ ^! heal?y %eep ) p>asites      
7ac>i74 ,on e "o ( ^! s\nd1 well-f$     
%eep1 ! microscopic animalcul di$ (f )\t
 g5]at+ ! cutane\s disease2 = ! blood1 !
 hum\rs1 & ! sk9 ( s\nd & heal?y %eep   
con/itute a soil unfav\rable to !       
propagation ( ^! p>asites1 & actually   
/>ve !m to dea?4  ,aft] ?is fir/        
exp]im5t1 we subject$ ^! six %eep to a  
defici5t diet2 !y grew lean1 _! blood 0 
impov]i%$1 & !n all we _h to d 0 to lay 
^u !m n ?\s&s & ?\s&s ( ^! p>asites--z  
we _h done 9 ! fir/ in/ance--b "o       
solit>y female 9 a /ate ( fecundity2 & !
 p>asitical di/emp] unfold$ itself s    
fi]cely z to cause ! dea? ( ?ree ( ^!   
%eep on :i* ! te/ 0 all[$ to run its    
c\rse2 :il/ ! o!r ?ree %eep1 hav+ be5   

re/or$ 9 "t to a recov]able condition j 
z !y 7 ab\t to drop (f1 7 ?or\ghly cur$1
 )\t any special treatm5t1 by ! sole    
influ5ce ( good food & ord9>y hygi5ic   
att5tion4  ,o!r te/s1 simil> to ^!      
exp]im5ts1 7 appli$ to dogs1 horses1 &  
horn$ cattle4 ,a lean & scraggy dog1    
cov]$ ) p>asites & eruptions1 ) eyes    
runn+ f\l hum\r1 a dog :i* c\ld nei!r   
run nor /&1 & :i* 0 r$uc$ to ! la/ /age 
( wa/+ m>asmus1 0 rescu$ f ! jaws ( dea?
 & ?or\ghly cur$ )\t special treatm5t1  
by ! sole influ5ce ( a ri* re/orative   
diet4 ,?is dog aft]w>ds became a f9e    
hunt+ h\nd1 beautiful 9 %ape1 &         
admirable = 8 sportive attributes4  ,^! 
exp]im5ts hav+ be5 submitt$ to ! judgm5t
 ( ! ,acadmie des ,sci5ces 9 ,p>is1 7   
hon\r$ ) its approval1 & ! reports      
conc]n+ !m 7 pr9t$ at ! ,academy's      
exp5se1 & cr[n$ at ! competitive        
exam9ation4  ,! vital resi/ance ( horn$ 
cattle is s feeble1 t ^? animals :i* are
 p]iodically exhibit$ 9 ! nor? (        
,london1 ?\gh c]ta9ly *os5 f among ! mo/

 heal?y & robu/1 c\ld n h]d toge!r 9    
l>ge numb]s = ! space ( a mon? 9 !      
,agricultural ,hall at ,isl+ton1 )\t    
s9k+ "u infecti\s & contagi\s           
diseases--almo/ "o & all4 ,"u !         
conditions 9 :i* we see !m 9 t ,%[1 a   
s+le mon? w\ld be suffici5t to produce  
almo/ _! complete de/ruction2 = ev5 a   
s+le week1 :i* is ! usual duration ( _! 
conf9em5t1 affects !m s mu* z to r5d] a 
l>ge proportion ( !m unheal?y4  ,e "o   
kn[s h[ apt cavalry horses are to sick5 
& die (f dur+ a campaign4 ,e "o has he>d
 ( ! fe>ful ravages among/ ! horses ( ! 
,alli$ armies dur+ ! ,crimean w>1 :5 _m 
companies 7 dism\nt$ ow+ to ?is         
mortality4  ,let u n[ transport         
ourselves 9 ?\ght into ! middle ( ^?    
imm5se /eppes :]e va/ & innum]able h]ds 
( h]bivor\s animals are be+ br$ = our   
supply1 & consid] :at w be ! effects on 
_! heal? & life if !y %\ld be afflict$ )
 a sc>city ( =age1 9 consequ5ce ( ?is   
long dry summ]4  ,x is unnecess>y to say
 t !re exi/ 9 ,russia1 9 ,hung>y1 9     

,au/ralia1 9 ,nor? & ,s\? ,am]ica1 & 9  
_m o!r p>ts ( ! globe1 l>ge tracts (    
c\ntry :i* are /ill un9habit$1 ^:       
uncultivat$ soil supplies ) food great  
numb]s ( %eep & cattle4 ,^! spaci\s     
tracts1 kn[n z moorl&s or /eppes1       
p>ticul>ly ab\nd 9 ,russia1 on ! banks (
 ! ,wolga1 ! ,don1 ! ,dniep]2 9 ,hung>y1
 on ! banks ( ! ,danube2 & also 9 ,s\?  
,am]ica1 9 ! republics ( ,v5ezuela1 ,new
 ,granada1 ,columbia1 c4  ,n[1 9 hot &  
ra9y seasons ^! /eppes teem ) ri* &     
luxuriant v]dure2 ! plants gr[+ up 9 !  
m>%es are prolific & abundant1 & ev5 ^? 
p>ts ( ! wild moors :i* produce no?+ b  
hea? are capable ( fe$+ & fatt5+ flocks 
& h]ds4  ,"u conditions s auspici\s z   
^!1 animals may /ill suff]1 b 9 :at way8
 ,by excess ( food1 or repletion4 ,!y   
are 9 g5]al robu/ & heal?y1 & ?us =tifi$
 !y inhale )\t detrim5t ! delet]i\s     
gases ( oxyg5 ) c>bon1 c>burett$ hydrog5
 & ! l1 exhal$ by ! plants :i* gr[ out (
 ! swampy soils4 ,?us protect$1 too1 !y 
are pro( aga9/ ! fluctuations ( !       

seasons1 & aga9/ e injury :i* ?reat5s   
!m2 & _! /rong & s\nd condition enables 
!m to su/a9 ! fatigues ( _! long &      
ardu\s j\rneys1 & to supply ! ri*       
c\ntries ( ! ,we/ ) _! fle%1 fleece1 &  
hides4  ,:5 ! seasons h ?us convey$ a   
due proportion ( heat1 wat]1 &          
electricity to ! elem5ts ( ! soil1 bo?  
plants & animals conduce to ! com=t &   
heal? ( man1 & fulfil 8 expectations4 ,b
 ! laws ( nature are involv$ 9 my/]y4   
,good & evil g h& 9 h&--dea? & life     
travel close toge!r--& a few ye>s (     
prosp]\s h>ve/s are almo/ inv>iably     
foll[$ by blight1 b>r5ness1 & sc>city4  
,mo/ m5 ?9k only ( ! pres5t "t1 & ?is   
imprud5ce & want ( =esight prev5t f>m]s 
& great cattle proprietors f collect+ & 
hold+ 9 res]ve ! requisite /ores (      
su/5ance to supply _! %eep & ox5 dur+ ^!
 b>r5 seasons4 ,sickness !n breaks out1 
& ^! helpless creatures p]i% 9 va/      
numb]s1 to ! detrim5t ( _! own]s' be/   
int]e/s4  ,& truly1 :5 cont9ual ra9s    
cause ! riv]s to ov]fl[1 :5 ! pla9s are 

dr5*$ & soak$1 or :5 a burn+ sun scor*es
 ! gr\nd1 h]bivor\s animals w&] 9 va9 f 
field to field 9 que/ ( su/5ance to     
re/ore _! /r5g?1 or ( pure & heal?y wat]
 to slake _! ?ir/2 _! vital resi/ance   
dw9dles away1 delet]i\s gases poison &  
bewild] !m1 _! blood is debas$1 & z     
,ovid says1    ,corpora fo$a jac5t1     
vitiantur odoribus h]b4  ,& s9ce ^! mild
 & h>mless animals1 :i* seem to h be5   
creat$ m]ely to clo! u1 & to n\ri% u )  
_! milk & fle%1 h n be5 end[$ by nature 
ei!r ) ! intellig5ce1 or ! activity1 or 
! cunn+1 or ! inv5tion1 or ! skill be/[$
 on ! omnivor\s & c>nivor\s species1 h>d
 is _! fate "u ! press+ ne$s ( hung]4   
,peaceful creatures1 !y br[se 9 va9 on  
delet]i\s plants on a /]ile soil2 _!    
ext]nal & int]nal tegum5ts n[ af=d a    
fav\rable seat = ! propagation (        
p>asites--= ! p>asitog5ia2 & soon aft] a
 g5]al adynamia1 or relaxation ( !      
fibres1 deliv]s !m up )\t resi/ance to !
 morbific elem5ts ( ! infecti\s diseases
 to :i* !y are expos$1 :]e ! langui%+1 !

 sick1 & ! rott+ are h]d$ toge!r1 & !y  
are c>ri$ (f by hecatombs by ?is wa/eful
 & dev\r+ typhus4   ,,ii4  ,we may      
readily conclude1 f ^! g5]al obs]vations
 on infecti\s & contagi\s diseases1 t !y
 mu/ h exi/$ 9 all =m] ages2 & if 9 our 
pres5t advanc$ /ate ( civilization !y   
are s de/ructive1 we may be sure t 9 ^? 
remote p]iods !y mu/ h be51 bo? z reg>ds
 man z well z ! brute creation1 ! cause 
( g5]al ext]m9ation1 9 :atev] p>ts ( !  
e>? !y prevail$4 ,& inde$1 :5ev] we ref]
 to anci5t or mod]n hi/ory1 we are      
cont9ually /ruck ) ! analogy :i* exi/s  
betwe5 ! epidemic diseases signaliz$ by 
! g5]al "n ( ,,plague1 & :i* decimat$   
all ! liv+ be+s1 & ^? :i* m rec5tly1 &  
at ! pres5t mom5t1 h />tl$ ! _w by _!   
fatal effects on m5 & animals4          
,moreov]1 we _c too (t5 repeat ! fact--9
 ord] t ^? docum5ts relat+ to ! pa/ :i* 
conta9 useful in/ruction may be exam9$ &
 se>*$ into--t ! physiological &        
pa?ological laws :i* rule & det]m9e !   
ph5om5a ( organic matt]1 :e!r 9 heal? or

 sickness1 71 l ! laws ( *emi/ry1       
electricity1 & a/ronomy1 orig9ally      
e/abli%$ at ! "t ( creation1 & t matt]  
submits ) passive ob$i5ce to ! laws (   
trans=mation & transub/antiation1 :i*   
are ! absolute condition ( life4 ,^! are
 ! et]nal laws ( :i* a syn!sis s        
admirable is furni%$ by ! ,gospel1 9 ?is
 %ort injunction1 ,take1 eat1 ?is is my 
body2 dr9k1 ?is is my blood4  ,n[1 if   
man1 :o is ! sov]eign ma/] ( ?is matt]1 
did n take c>e to regulate & modify x = 
8 own b5efit & ! b5efit ( all liv+      
creatures on :om 8 own life dep5ds1 z   
well z 8 weal? & happ9ess2 if he did n  
seek !reby cont9ually to dim9i% ! sum ( 
evil1 & to ext5d ! sum ( good :i* x is 8
 mission to increase1 he w\ld violate ^!
 laws1 :i* are inh]5t 9 matt]1 & :i* h  
exi/$ = 8 use s9ce ! creation ( ! _w4   
,we mu/ likewise believe t ^? ,,plagues 
:i* are spok5 ( 9 ! ,bible1 ^? :i* ,hom]
 alludes to1 t :i* is relat$ by ,plut>*1
 & :i* succe$$ ! g5]al dr\ght 9 #gec    
be=e ,*ri/2 ^? m5tion$ by ,titus        

,livius1 ,virgil1 ,ovid1 & o!r ,lat9    
au?ors1 ! mo/ virul5t ( :i* plagues rag$
 9 ! ye>s #caj1 #bab1 & #agh ( !        
,f\ndation ( ,rome1 resembl$ ! epidemics
 or plagues :i* are witness$ 9 our own  
day4  ,! plague ( #bab swept away all ! 
inhabitants ( ,sicily1 cattle z well z  
m52 t ( #agh de/roy$ all ! prie/s1 :o   
s\ght 9 va9 = victims free f !          
contagion1 to (f] !m up z sacrifices to 
! (f5d$ ,gods4  ,cecilius ,sev]us gives 
a mo/ /rik+ description ( a pe/il5tial  
disease :i*1 9 #cgf ,a4,d41 swept away  
all ! cattle 9 ,europe4 ,judg+ f 8      
acc\nt ( t sc\rge1 we may fairly believe
 t ! di/emp] he has describ$ 0          
id5tically ! same z ! "o :i* has j brok5
 out 9 ,engl&4 ,a univ]sal di/a/e1 sudd5
 dejection1 v]tigoes1 spasmodic t5sion 9
 ! limbs1 a pa9ful swell+ ( ! l[] belly1
 viol5t affections ( ! n]ves1 sudd5     
dea?--ev]y?+ %[s ! pres5ce ( a          
pe/il5tial f]m5t1 :i* irritates !       
solids1 infects & vitiates ! fluids1 :i*
 is ! cause ( ! putrefaction ( ! hum\rs1

 manife/$ by ! swell+ ( ! l[] belly1 :i*
 9 t case dep5ds on a putrid f]m5tation 
s z to dis5gage air4  ,a piece ( iron1  
repres5t+ ! sign ( ! ,cross1 0 heat$ 9 !
 fire1 & :5 r$-hot 0 appli$ to ! =ehead 
( ! sick animals2 & ?is rem$y 0 look$ ^u
 at t "t z ! mo/ effectual !y c\ld      
apply4  ,grgoire de ,t\rs makes m5tion (
 an epidemic1 ! result ( a long dry     
summ]1 :i*1 9 #eib1 0 v fatal 9 its     
havoc1 sp>+ no liv+ creature :atev]4    
,&r ,du*esne1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,engl&1     
speaks ( an epidemic :i*1 9 #acaf1 dur+ 
! reign ( ,edw>d ,,ii41 ow$ its orig91  
on ! contr>y1 to a long season ( ra9s4  
,! celebrat$ physicians ,ramazz9i &     
,lancisi relate t 9 #agaa1 an ox :i* _h 
be5 import$ f ,hung>y1 t con/ant focus (
 typhus1 display$ ! mo/ deadly =m ( !   
cattle disease1 9 ! ,v5etian t]ritory1  
al?\gh no alt]ation 9 ! air or wat]s _h 
be5 obs]v$ 9 ,italy1 & ! seasons _h be5 
regul> & ! pa/ures abundant4 ,!         
contagion spread into ,pi$mont1 :]e x   
c>ri$ ( #gj1jjj head ( cattle2 !nce x   

ext5d$ to ,france & ,holl&1 ea* ( :i*   
c\ntries lo/ #bjj1jjj ( ^! animals4 ,!  
trade 9 hides introduc$ ! di/emp] into  
,engl&1 :]e x prov$ no less fatal4 ,x 0 
! same 9 ! o!r c\ntries ( ,europe4  ,9  
?is disease1 ! inte/9es ( ! affect$     
cattle 71 z 9 ! pres5t epizootia1       
inflam$1 & /rew$ ov] ) livid spots &    
ulc]ations1 & ! blood1 ?\gh app>5tly    
fluid 9 ! body ( ! animal1 coagulat$    
directly aft] x _h issu$ f ! ve94       
,h]m5t !nce concludes1 t ?is epizootia  
is no?+ m ?an an inflammation ( ! blood4
 ,lancisi advis$ 8 contempor>ies to put 
to dea? )\t pity e animal :i* 0 affect$ 
or seem$ to be affect$ ) ! disease2 & x 
0 9 ,engl& t ?is spirit$ resolve 0 fir/ 
act$ ^u4  ,! ?ree c\nties ( ,middlesex1 
,essex1 & ,surrey arre/$ ! c\rse ( ?is  
contagion 9 less ?an ?ree mon?s1 by     
adopt+ ?is measure2 :il/ 9 ! re/ ( !    
/rick5 c\nties ( ,great ,brita91 &      
likewise 9 ,holl&1 :]e ?is decisive     
c\rse 0 n tak5 at all1 ! disease        
prevail$ among ! cattle = sev]al ye>s4  

,s9ce t "t1 x has be5 insi/$ on by "s   
au?ors1 t ! b>b>\s process ( g5]al      
ext]m9ation (f]s ! mo/ effectual rem$y  
:i*1 9 our pres5t /ate ( ignorance &    
improvid5ce1 we c\ld h rec\rse to1 9    
ord] to *eck ! diffusion & ! duration ( 
?is fell disease4  ,! le>n$ ,goelicke   
describes an epizootia :i* 0 witness$ 9 
#agcj1 at ,frank=t-on-!-,od]4 ,8        
n>rative1 writt5 ) a ma/]ly h&1 might v 
prop]ly be appli$ to ! disease :i* we   
are n[ consid]+2 & ! treatm5t recomm5d$ 
by ?is e>ne/ & vigilant obs]v] is s     
wisely d$uc$ f ! symptoms1 t ev5 9 !    
pres5t day we might take t treatm5t z a 
model4  ,we c\ld h borr[$ mu* m l>gely f
 ?is s\rce ( biographical rese>*es _h we
 n deem$ t ^! quotations w\ld be        
suffici5t = ! purpose we _h 9 view 9 ?is
 "w4 ,b f ^! au?orities we ?9k x may    
ju/ly be conclud$1 t infecti\s &        
contagi\s diseases among horn$ cattle h 
frequ5tly appe>$ f ! remote/ times d[n  
to ! middle ( ! eighte5? c5tury4  ,all  
^! attacks ( epizootia 7 a frequ5t &    

sev]e cause ( suff]+ & mis]y among      
animals & m52 b ! ravages :i* !y left   
beh9d !m 7 ( slight importance ea* "t1  
if we comp>e !m ) ^? att5d+ ! epizootia 
:i* t[>ds ! ye> #agdf affect$ ! animal  
k+dom4 ,?is dreadful sc\rge la/$ t5     
ye>s1 & swept away ne>ly ! :ole race (  
horn$ cattle ?r\gh\t ,europe4 ,x 0      
closely /udi$ & ?or\ghly und]/ood 9 its 
causes1 its symptoms1 & its treatm5t by 
! sci5tific au?ors ( t day1 & ^? writ]s1
 m judici\s ?an we1 did n designate !   
malady by ! title ( ,,plague4 ,?is      
p>ticul> visitation des]ves to fix our  
att5tion 9 an especial mann]1 n only on 
acc\nt ( its /rik+ resemblance to !     
disease :i* n[ makes u all s anxi\s1 b  
because x induc$ two ,engli% physicians1
 ,malcolm ,flemm+ & ,pet] ,lay>d1 to    
write on ?is disease two acc\nts or     
/atem5ts :i* are equal1 if n sup]ior1 to
 all ! volumes :i* h s9ce appe>$ on !   
subject ( ! ,cattle ,disease4 ,!re is no
 help = x1 & our pride mu/ b5d itself to
 ! ackn[l$gm5t3 ^! two m51 our s5iors by

 a c5tury1 7 m5 ( q ano!r /amp4 ,_!     
expositions1 enri*$ ) quotations f !    
,greek & ,lat9 au?ors1 ab\nd+ 9 facts1  
+5i\s insights & inf]5ces1 are f>       
sup]ior 9 m]it to ! multitude ( volum9\s
 works :i* h be5 writt5 & publi%$ s9ce  
!n4 ,x w\ld be easy to prove t ^! two   
sagaci\s inquir]s f> bett] und]/ood ?an 
we h done ! real nature ( ?is cattle    
disease1 & t we mu/ be grateful to !m = 
fir/ op5+ ! way :i* all ( u mu/ take 9  
ord] to discov] ! prev5tive & curative  
means ( :i* we are /ill ignorant4  ,let 
u obs]ve1 9 pass+1 t ^! two physicians1 
:o appe> to h be5 sc>cely kn[n1         
enlight5$ by ! effects ( ! inoculation (
 small-pox1 !n practis$ f man to man1   
appe> to h fir/ conceiv$ ! idea1 n[     
practis$ 9 ,russia1 ( prev5t+ !         
propagation ( ! contagi\s cattle disease
 by means ( inoculation2 & we may raise 
! int]e/ ( ?is rem>k by rem9d+ ! read] t
 _! exp]im5ts to inoculate cattle 7 made
 9 #ageg1 eight ye>s aft] ! v ye> :i*   
gave bir? to ! future inoculation ( man 

) animal virus by ! celebrat$ ,j5n]4 ,by
 ?is x w\ld appe> t ! tw(old hon\r (    
apply+ ! me?od ( inoculation z bo?      
prev5tive & curative means 9 respect (  
contagion 9 cattle1 & z ! prev5tive     
means by ! v>iola ( ! c[ to resi/ !     
ravages ( ! small-pox 9 man1 is !       
indisputable claim ( ,engli%            
physicians4,a   ,,iii4  ,v little is    
kn[n ( ! orig9 or fir/ outbreak ( !     
epizootia :i* produc$ su* fe>ful ravages
 9 ! middle ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,"s    
suppose t x fir/ appe>$ 9 ,t>t>y1 :]e x 
occasion$ a disord] twice z ext5sive 9  
its p]nici\s effects z any simil>       
di/emp] :i* _h be5 kn[n up to t "t4     
,!nce x pass$ into ,russia1 f :i* x     
spread on "o side into ,pol&1 ,livonia1 
,prussia1 ,pom]ania1 & ,holl&1 & f t    
c\ntry into ,engl&2 on ! o!r side t[>ds 
! ,ea/1 x invad$ ! ,turki% ,empire1     
,bohemia1 ,hung>y1 ,dalmatia1 ,au/ria1  
,moravia1 ,/yria1 ! ,gulf ( ,v5ice1     
,italy1 ,spa91 ,portugal1 ,france1 !    
banks ( ! ,rh9e1 & ,d5m>k4  ,b ano!r    

op9ion has assign$ ,bohemia z ! s\rce f 
:i* ?is de/ructive epizootia took its   
rise1 & its support]s allege t dur+ !   
siege ( ,prague ! cattle fe$+ 9 its     
pla9s _h be5 depriv$ ( _! usual fodd] by
 ! cont9ual razzias ( ! ,fr5* to supply 
_! own cavalry4  ,be ?is z x may1 ?is   
virul5t cattle disease hav+ at l5g?     
assum$ ! proportions ( a public         
calamity1 ! sev]al gov]nm5ts 7 oblig$ to
 take x into s]i\s consid]ation1 & !    
m$ical faculties & mo/ celebrat$        
physicians began to make x ! subject (  
_! /udies & reports4 ,9 ,france1 !re=e1 
! pr(essors ( ! faculty ( ,p>is &       
,montpelli]1 susp5d+ e o!r pursuit1     
devot$ _! mo/ assidu\s c>e & att5tion to
 dumb animals4  ,sauvages1 ! ,dean ( !  
,faculty at ,montpelli]1 drew up a mo/  
philosophical & le>n$ acc\nt ( !        
prevail+ disease1 9 :i*1 l ,/ahl1 he    
=got probably = a mom5t ! "p :i*1 9 !   
progress ( di/emp]s1 he ascribes to !   
s\l4  ,! pr(essors ( ,p>is1 v fam\s 9 _!
 day1 b :o1 hav+ left beh9d !m no works 

s valuable z ! ,nosologia ( ,sauvages1  
are n[ completely =gott51 likewise      
address$ ! result ( _! inquiries &      
lucubrations to ! ,k+4  ,doctor ,lecl]c 
0 s5t into ,holl&1 :5ce he br\ght back a
 ,memorial1 :i* 0 a reflex ( ! op9ions  
he f\nd curr5t 9 ,d5m>k1 & :i* has be5  
transmitt$ to u 9 ! ,memorials ( !      
,royal ,society ( ,sci5ce at ,cop5hag54 
,x is evid5t f ! reflections f\nd 9 !   
writ+s ( ,malcolm ,flemm+1 ,lay>d1 & o!r
 compet5t obs]v]s1 t ?is =midable       
epizootia 0 9 its "* id5tical ) ! "o    
describ$ by ,ramazz9i & ,lancisi 9      
#agaa2 & we feel w>rant$ 9 say+1 aft]   
hav+ exam9$ e "w ( any importance :i*   
has treat$ ( t visitation1 t x resembles
 ! disease n[ prevail+ among cattle1 9  
its m>*1 9 its symptoms1 & 9 its        
gravity4 ,we believe t ^! ?ree          
visitations con/itute b "o & ! same     
malady1 occurr+ at ?ree diff]5t p]iods4 
,?is appe>s to u a mo/ important fact1 =
 if su* be ! case1 ! t5tative treatm5t (
 t "t des]ves our mo/ p>ticul> att5tion4

 ,consequ5tly1 a few retrospective      
glances may p]haps be p]mitt$ u1 9      
consid]+ ! subject ( cattle disease4  ,!
 m$ical pr(essors 7includ+ sev]al       
,engli% physicians71 :o obs]v$ &        
describ$ ! epizootia ( #agde1 divid$ !  
same into ?ree p]iods4  ,! duration ( ! 
disease1 :5 x pass$ ?r\gh all its phases
 up to ! dea? ( ! affect$ animal1       
consi/+ ( f t5 to twelve days1 !y       
usually ascrib$ to ea* ( ^! p]iods or   
/ages an av]age cont9uance ( ?ree or f\r
 days4  #a/ ,p]iod4--,aft] a few days ( 
lat5t incubation1 :i* ! obs]v] c\ld n   
suspect1 ! sick animal betray$ signs ( !
 morbid /ate :i* 0 ab\t to decl>e       
itself1 by 8 c>eless fe$+1 by droop+ 8  
head1 & by exhibit+ ! deepe/ dejection (
 spirits 9 8 attitude & look4           
,rum9ation1 already imp]fect1 soon ceas$
 altoge!r1 ! appetite fail$1 ! horns1   
e>s1 & ho(s 7 cold1 ! hair grew /iff1 ! 
tongue & mucus look$ :ite2 ! eyes 7     
te>ful & fix$1 ! he>+ obtuse1 :il/1 9 ! 
c[s1 ! supply ( milk dim9i%$4 ,9 cases (

 unusual gravity1 transi5t %iv]+s       
te/ifi$ to a s]i\s di/urbance 9 all !   
animal functions4 ,^! %iv]+s 7 foll[$ by
 a viol5t fev]1 ! blood became inflam$1 
! brea? hot1 ! respiration hurri$ &     
sometimes att5d$ ) slight c\gh+2 :51 if 
too viol5t a rep]cussion 0 transmitt$ to
 ! n]v\s c5tres1 ! pressure on !        
v]tebral l9e became intol]able1 & !     
animal1 seiz$ ) v]tigo1 & almo/ deliri\s
 ) pa91 w\ld fall dur+ ?is fir/ p]iod1 z
 if /ruck by lightn+4  ,! same ph5om5a  
are sometimes obs]v$ 9 ! typhoid fev] ( 
man1 :i* (f]s moreov] "s analogy ) !    
contagi\s typhus ( ! ox2 b z ! ox & !   
horse h likewise ! real typhus fev]1 !y 
may "s day supply u ) ! prev5tive virus 
= t fev]1 9 ! same mann] z ! c[ n[      
supplies u ) ! prev5tive virus = !      
small-pox4  #bnd ,p]iod4--,9 mo/ cases !
 disease pursu$ its c\rse ) great] or   
less regul>ity2 ! sick animal exp]i5c$  
gnaw+ pa9s or twit*+s1 & spasmodic      
%oot+s 9 ! limbs1 app>5tly att5d$ ) pa94
 ,8 ?ir/ 0 insatiable1 b he _h no       

appetite1 ! functions ( ! bladd] &      
inte/9es 7 imp$$1 !n di>rhoea sup]v5$1  
accompani$ ) dry1 fetid1 & sometimes    
bloody excreta4 ,?ick viscid mucosities 
dripp$ f ! no/rils1 m\?1 & eyes4 ,!     
dorsal regions & ! lo9s 7 con/antly a*+1
 heada*e & sleeplessness 7 p]man5t4 ,!  
animal cont9u$ ei!r /&+ or ly+ d[n1 & if
 he want$ to re/1 he c\ld n b5d himself 
gradually1 b w\ld fall l an in]t mass to
 ! gr\nd4  #crd ,p]iod4--,di>rhoea 0    
cont9ual1 becom+ m fetid e day1 ! wa/+ (
 fle% made rapid /rides2 ! cellul>      
tissue b5ea? ! hide 0 fill$ ) gas along 
! v]tebral *annels & "u ! abdom52 !     
no/rils 7 /opp$ up ) mucosities1 !      
animal c\ld only brea! ?r\gh ! m\?1     
puff+ & bl[+ al\d z he drew 9 ! air2 &  
at la/ pu/ul> eruptions %[$ !mselves on 
v>i\s p>ts2 b z ?is depurat+ crisis 0   
insuffici5t1 ! poor bea/1 9 ?is f9al    
p]iod ( ! attack1 fell a sacrifice to x 
betwe5 ! sev5? & twelf? day4 ,if he     
*anc$ to be ly+ d[n 8 agony 0 sl[1 b if 
/&+1 he w\ld s9k ^u himself1 & expire at

 once4  ,9 ?is dreadful epizootia1 v few
 ( ! smitt5 cattle surviv$--n m ?an f\r 
or five 9 a hundr$2 & 9 ^! fav\rable    
cases1 ! symptoms pres5t$ c]ta9 signs & 
critical ph5om5a ( a happy om54 ,9 ^!   
r>e exceptions1 ! pulse did n exce$     
sev5ty1 ! beat+s ( ! he>t 7 always      
p]ceptible1 ! pati5t did n refuse to    
dr9k1 ! cont9u\s fev] exhibit$ no       
aggravation at night1 pu/ul> eruptions &
 tum\rs appe>$ on ! dewlap & ! =e limbs1
 & ! epid]mis ov] ! m\? & no/rils peel$ 
(f ab\t ! twelf? day4  ,:5 dissect$1 !  
bodies (f]$ to view ! foll[+ alt]ations1
 ! same hav+ already be5 obs]v$ by      
,frascator dur+ ! preval5ce ( !         
epizootia 9 #aead1 & by ,lancisi &      
,ramazz9i dur+ t :i* 0 s fatal 9 #agaa4 
,! muc\s gl&s ( ! m\? 7 livid1 &        
occasionally excoriat$2 ! bron*ial tubes
 7 ob/ruct$ ) mucosities2 ! lungs1      
besides be+ p>tially conge/$1 7         
sometimes emphysemat\s1 t is1 inflat$ ) 
compress$ air4 ,( ! f\r /oma*s1 ! rum5 0
 full ( food1 ! reticulum1 ! omasum1 & !

 abomasum exhibit$ purple or livid      
spots1 accord+ to _! place4 ,! ?9       
inte/9e & ! ?ick inte/9e %[$ ei!r a     
g5]al injection1 scatt]$ livid spots1 or
 ulc]ations1 accord+ z ! fev] _h worn ! 
exan!mat\s or typhoid =m2 = ! muc\s     
membrane ( ! dige/ive *annels1 &        
especially t ( ! inte/9es1 displays1 l !
 ext]nal tegum5t 9 man & ! brute        
creation1 div]s =ms ( inflammation1     
analog\s ) ! measles1 ! sc>lat9a1 & !   
small-pox2 s t1 if ! typhoid fev] 9 man1
 :i* is no?+ else ?an ! small-pox ( !   
inte/9es1 is s frequ5tly cur$1 x is     
because ! g5]al morbid condition1 !     
fev]1 (t5 conceals diff]5t inte/9al     
lesions1 albeit !y seem to be simil> 9 !
 g5]al symptoms1 :i* tak5 collectively  
con/itute ! disease4  ,! fle% ( ^!      
diseas$ animals 0 blacki%1 & devoid (   
blood2 ! animals :i* f$ ^u x1 if        
uncook$1 sick5$ aft]w>ds1 or di$4 ,!    
wrecks ( ! bodies1 & m p>ticul>ly ! sk91
 sometimes reta9$ a /r5g? ( contagion s 
deadly1 t ! m]e exportation ( !m 0 en\gh

 to cause its propagation1 & to ?is     
cause 0 at t "t attribut$ ! outbreak ( !
 contagion 9 ,engl&4  ,an extraord9>y   
case ( ?is p]nici\s influ5ce1 :i* is    
relat$ by ,h>tmann1 :o obs]v$ ?is       
epizootia at its decl9e 9 #agef1 w give 
an idea ( ! subtlety ( ?is malignant    
virus4  ,a f>m] :o _h lo/ an ox 9       
consequ5ce ( t virul5t di/emp]1 buri$ x 
9 "o ( 8 fields4 ,! foll[+ night a be>  
smelt ! ox1 rak$ x up ) 8 feet1 ate a   
portion ( ! fle%1 & a few days aft]1 !  
bea/ ( prey 0 f\nd dead 9 a neighb\r+   
wood by a peasant 9 ! p>i% ( ,eumaki4 ,!
 sk9 belong+ to ?is be> 0 magnific5t4 ,!
 peasant flay$ ! animal & c>ri$ home 8  
sk9 9 triumph4 ,b 8 triumph 0 %ort2 = t 
same night ! poor c\ntryman fell ill1 & 
di$ two days aft] ! attack4 ,!          
magi/rates ( ,wiburg1 hav+ he>d ( ?is   
occurr5ce1 s5t ord]s to h ! infect$ sk9 
burn$4 ,mean:ile1 ! sk9 _h be5 giv5 to !
 curate ( ! place z a comp5sation = !   
(fices ( burial2 b 8 cupidity hav+      
p]suad$ him t ?is f9e sk9 c\ld n h      

de/roy$ ! peasant :om he _h j buri$1 he 
did n burn x at all1 b induc$ ano!r     
peasant to clean & dress x = him4 ,?is  
simple fell[ & two o!r clodpoles1 :o    
assi/$ him 9 ! prep>ation1 fell ill1 &  
all ?ree ( !m di$ 9 ! c\rse ( a few     
days4 ,a new & p]emptory ord] n[ came f 
,wiburg to burn ?is sk91 to burn ! h\se 
9 :i* x _h be5 dress$1 to burn ev5 !    
presbyt]y itself1 %\ld x be deem$       
necess>y4 ,! sk9 _h already pass$ ?r\gh 
sev]al h&s4 ,h[ev]1 ! curate be+ /ill   
reluctant to "p ) x1 took x home aga94  
,c x be possible1 said he to himself1 t 
?is sk9 has really prov$ fatal to life8 
,:at c h be5 ! cause1 ,i wond]8 ,at !   
same "t he rubb$ x 9 8 h&s & smelt x4   
,unlucky curate6 ,a few days aft]w>ds he
 himself 0 tak5 ill & di$4 7,memoirs ( !
 ,academy ( ,/ockholm47  ,a native (    
,cl]mont ,f]r&1 9 ! dep>tm5t ( ,puy de  
,dme1 9 ,france1 ! bir?-place ( ,pascal1
 "o day f9d+ an ox :i* _h di$ ( !       
epizootia1 /ripp$ (f ! sk9 & c>ri$ x    
away4 ,aft] 8 return home1 ! black      

typhus1 & !n gangr5e1 broke out on "o ( 
8 arms1 :i* _h to be cut (f1 & ! pati5t 
di$ ( ! effects ( ! amputation4  ,a     
but*] hav+ slaught]$ an ox smitt5 ) ?is 
typhus1 sold ! fle% = meat to "s soldi]s
 ( ! ,regim5t ,royal ,bavire1 !n        
g>rison$ 9 "o ( ! t[ns ( ,langu$oc4 ,all
 ^? :o p>took ( ?is meat 7 seiz$ )      
di>rhoea1 dys5t]y1 & fev]1 & sev]al ( ! 
sick soldi]s v ne>ly di$4 ,! but*]1 ^:  
av>ice _h caus$ all ?is mis*ief1 _h     
ri*ly des]v$ "s exempl>y puni%m5t1 & "s 
( ! suff]]s propos$ t he %\ld be hang$  
outright1 b ! majority1 m clem5t1 s5t5c$
 him to be beat5 black & blue )         
horse:ips4  ,! popul> say+1 :5 ! bea/ is
 dead ! poison is dead1 be+ g5]ally     
true1 ! virul5ce ( ! contagion1 9 !     
above in/ances1 possess$ v5om\s         
prop]ties ( an exceptional "*1 = if e   
sick animal slaught]$ by ! but*]s & sold
 to ! consum]s1 or ^? :i* _h be5 flay$ =
 ! sake ( ! sk91 _h conta9$ s murd]\s a 
virus 9 _! tissues1 ! numb] ( victims to
 ! contagion among ! human species w\ld 

h be5 appall+4 ,& 9 t case1 too1 simil> 
sacrifices w\ld be witness$ at pres5t1 =
 x _c be d\bt$ t1 9 ! actual /ate ( !   
meat m>ket 9 ,london1 ! p are n[ 9 !    
daily habit ( eat+ ! fle% ( cattle :i*  
are diseas$4   ,,iv4  ,physicians (     
diff]5t c\ntries h naturally be/[$ mu*  
"t & c>e 9 consid]+ & discuss+ ! nature 
( ?is epizootia1 because !y h felt t a  
satisfactory !ory & appreciation ( its  
pr9cipal ph5om5a1 might af=d ! m$ical   
faculty a rational basis = "s special   
treatm5t4  ,lay>d & ! physicians (      
,g5eva h consid]$ ?is cattle disease to 
be a malignant fev] ) an eruptive       
t5d5cy4  ,9 ! e/imation ( ! faculties ( 
,p>is & ,montpelli]1 ?is cattle disease1
 consid]$ 9 its symptoms1 0 no?+ m ?an a
 malignant fev] ess5tially contagi\s1 ! 
action ( :i* appe>$ to t5d exclusively  
t[>ds ! sk91 & !re=e x 0 rational to    
provoke ext]nal eruptions & deposits    
:i*1 z !y matur$1 div]t$ f ! c5tre !    
greate/ "p ( ! morbific matt]4  ,!      
treatm5t1 to :i*1 above all1 we invite !

 read]'s att5tion 7m p>ticul>ly t (     
m$ical m571 necess>ily v>i$ accord+ to !
 p]iod ( ! disease4 ,x 0 sometimes      
pres]vative1 sometimes curative1 z !    
case might be4  ,! ,prev5tive           
,treatm5t4--,! f>m]s & cattle-bre$]s1 ^:
 h]ds 7 /ill exempt f ! contagion1      
m9dful ( ! advice :i* !y receiv$ ?r\gh !
 public press1 took v p>ticul> c>e ( _! 
cattle dur+ ?is season ( epizootia3 !y  
rubb$ !m ov] ) a bru%1 & wa%$ !m at lea/
 once a day2 !y %elt]$ !m f ! inclem5cy 
( w9d & ra92 !y took _! mil* c[s1 :i*   
until !n !y _h kept %ut up 9 unheal?y   
c[-h\ses1 into ! op5 air ( ! fields2 !y 
wa%$ & fumigat$ ! /ables2 !y exam9$ !   
quality ( ! fodd] & ( ! o!r articles (  
food2 !y add$ m>9e salt to _! dr9k+     
wat]1 or p\r$ salt wat] ov] _! =age2 &  
above all1 !y took c>e t no =eign animal
 comm+l$ ) _! flocks & h]ds4  ,"s       
physicians1 on _! side consci\s ( ! duty
 :i* devolves ^u !m 9 su* seasons (     
calamity1 in/ead ( re/+ satisfi$ )      
recomm5d+ rem$ies1 betook !mselves      

boldly to ! "w1 & /udi$ ! disease       
exp]im5tally 9 respect to its           
propagation & prev5tion4  ,?us1 =       
in/ance1 c]ta9 ,dut* physicians1 9      
#aged1 wi%+ to "k :e!r ! morbid matt]   
w\ld transmit ! disease by inoculation1 
made incisions 9 ! necks ( "s ox51 c[s &
 calves1 ins]t+ 9 ! w\nd a little t[    
saturat$ ) ! morbid secretions dis*>g$ f
 ! eyes & no/rils4 ,?is direct          
inoculation hav+ be5 practis$ on sev5te5
 animals1 transmitt$ ! disease to !m all
 9 ! c\rse ( a few days4  ,! ,engli%    
physicians hav+ be5 made acqua9t$ ) ^!  
exp]im5ts1 appli$ !m to a m practical   
purpose1 no long] to discov] :e!r !     
disease c\ld ?us be transmitt$ 7= t _h  
be5 prov$71 b to f9d out 7:at 0 f> m    
important7 :e!r ?is fe>ful di/emp] c\ld 
be prev5t$ & kept (f4  ,malcolm ,flemm+1
 9 #agee1 m]ely sugge/$ ! idea (        
inoculation z a prev5tive means1 )\t    
proce$+ to a c\rse ( exp]im5ts to ratify
 8 op9ion4 ,he intimates 8 notion 9 !   
foll[+ t]ms3--  ,i appreh5d t           

inoculation w /& ! bett] *ance ( br++ on
 ! di/emp]1 if ! subject x is p]=m$ on  
is z "y z safety w p]mit1 ! vessels be+ 
!n mo/ absorb5t1 & ! animal economy mo/ 
easily put into disord]4  ,b ev5 9 case 
! inoculation ( calves %\ld be f\nd s   
successful z univ]sally to prevail1 !   
me?od ,i recomm5d w n be altoge!r       
useless2 =1 by be+ prop]ly modell$ &    
adapt$ to circum/ances1 x may1 ,i am    
p]suad$1 prev5t contagion1 & likewise   
act z a prep>ative 9 any epidemical     
affection ( ! inflammatory k9d1 n only 9
 horn$ cattle1 b likewise 9 all o!r     
quadrup$s t civil society may ?9k wor?y 
( pres]vation1 & ev5 9 ! human species4 
,lay>d1 9 #ageg1 devotes ! sev5? *apt] (
 8 "w1 ,! ,means to prev5t ! ,infection1
 to ! consid]ation ( ! prev5tive        
treatm5t1 9 :i* he says3--  ,no "o w ?9k
 ( br++ ! infection into any place free 
f x1 m]ely = ! sake ( inoculat+ _!      
cattle2 b if ! contagi\s di/emp] be 9 ! 
neighb\rhood ( a h]d1 or break out s z  
to endang] ! /ock1 ! grazi] or f>m] may1

 by inoculat+ 8 cattle1 ) prop]         
precautions1 at lea/ secure 8 /ock1 s9ce
 he c h\se !m be=e !y fall sick1 prep>e 
!m1 & h due c>e tak51 kn[+ ! c\rse ( !  
di/emp]4  ,sir ,william ,/4 ,qu9t91 !   
,rev4 ,dr4 ,f\ntayne1 ,dean ( ,york1 &  
o!r g5tlem5 h succe$$ 9 inoculation3 9  
,holl& x has bo? fail$ & succe$$4 ,^!   
g5tlem5 all inoculat$ ) matt] tak5 f !  
runn+ ( ! m\?1 nose1 or eyes4 ,pr(essor 
,sw5ke m5tions t ! bea/ f :i* he took ! 
matt] 0 recov]+ f ! di/emp]4 ,a         
circum/ance to be att5d$ to is ?is3--_h 
matt] be5 tak5 aft] ! crisis1 f a tum\r1
 boil1 pimple1 or scab1 ei!r on ! back  
ne> ! sp9e1 or on ! legs1 ! pus w\ld h  
prov$ mu* m elaborat$1 subtle1 & infect+
 ?an t :i*1 fl[+ ) ! mucus ( ! nose1 mu/
 necess>ily be1 9 "s degree1 %ea!d by   
?is glut9\s excretion1 ?\gh ,i am well  
aw>e h[ putrid & acrid x is r5d]$ by !  
disease4  ,t no?+ may be omitt$ :i* 9   
any %ape c contribute to ! success (    
inoculation1 due att5tion %\ld be paid  
to ! con/itution & /ate ( ! bea/1 no    

less 9 ?is practice on ! cattle ?an on !
 human species4 ,und\bt$ly ! "y1 heal?y1
 & /rong bid fair] = a good issue ?an ! 
old1 sickly1 & feeble2 ea* ( ^! diff]5t 
con/itutions dem& a p>ticul> treatm5t1  
ev5 9 ! me?od ( prep>ation2 & h[ev]     
trifl+ x may seem to _m--! urg+ a       
necessity ( prep>ation--,i w v5ture to  
affirm t ,i h se5 excell5t effects aris+
 f a rational prep>ation1 & fatal ev5ts 
f want ( prep>ation4 ,i h likewise be5  
witness ( unfav\rable turns1 m]ely f an 
injudici\s prep>ation4  ,! bea/s :i* are
 sangu9e require mod]ate ble$+2 ^? t h b
 a small %>e ( blood mu/ h none drawn4  
,! /rong mu/1 besides mod]ate ble$+ &   
purg+1 be kept on light diet1 & _! body 
kept op54 ,?us1 scald$ bran1 mix$ ) _!  
hay & *aff1 w cool !m4 ,! weakly1 & su* 
z are incl9$ to sc\r1 mu/ be kept on dry
 fodd]1 & h peas & beans giv5 !m to     
/r5g!n !m4 ,a mess ( malt1 or a qu>t (  
w>m ale1 ) a few spices1 w be v suitable
 = !m4  ,:atev] diseases ! cattle may be
 affect$ )1 if "t w p]mit1 !y are fir/  

to be remov$4  ,! cattle to be inoculat$
 are fir/ to be well wa%$1 rubb$ dry1 & 
!n curri$1 to remove all ! fil? f ! hair
 & sk94 ,!n !y are to be plac$ 9 a      
spaci\s b>n or /able1 :]e ! air is      
temp]ate & no cold c come to !m4 ,!re !y
 are to be prep>$ accord+ to ! direction
 already giv51 fodd]$ ) good sweet hay1 
& wat]$ ) cle> spr+ wat]2 & if ! di/emp]
 be n ne>1 !y may be turn$ out into !   
air1 ne> ! b>n or /able1 & may /ay !re a
 few h\rs 9 ! middle ( ! day4  ,:5 x    
appe>s t ! cattle are 9 p]fect heal?1   
free f any infection or disease1 brisk &
 lively1 nei!r co/ive nor sc\r+1 & *ew+ 
_! cud1 !n ! op]ation may be safely     
und]tak51 & h5ce=? !y mu/ be conf9$ to !
 b>n4  ,s9ce !re is obs]v$ to foll[ !   
greate/ fl[ ( ! contagi\s & putrid      
p>ticles sep>at$ f ! blood1 :]ev] !     
infecti\s matt] makes an impression at  
fir/1 p>ticul> c>e mu/ be tak5 n to     
inoculate ne> su* vital p>ts z ! he>t & 
lungs1 nor ne> ! womb1 if a c[ ) calf be
 inoculat$2 =1 ?\gh r[els are prop]ly   

appli$ 9 ! dewlaps to draw (f !         
pe/il5tial hum\r f ! brea/1 & 9 o!r     
cases bea/s are frequ5tly r[ell$ 9 !    
flanks1--yet1 9 ?is op]ation1 z matt] is
 ins]t$ by ^! *annels into ! neighb\r+  
vessels1 ^? vital p>ts1 or ! womb1 might
 become ! *ief seat ( ! disease1 & !    
ev5t prove fatal4  ,to prev5t su*       
accid5ts1 human be+s h be5 inoculat$ on 
! arms & legs1 & n[-a-days ! arms are   
f\nd suffici5t4 ,i w\ld recomm5d t !    
cattle %\ld be inoculat$ ab\t ! middle (
 ! %\ld]s or buttocks1 on bo? sides1 to 
h ! b5efit ( two dra9s4 ,! sk9 is to be 
cut l5g?ways two in*es1 deep en\gh = !  
blood to />t1 b n to ble$ mu*4 ,9 ?is   
incision is to be put a dossil or pl$get
 ( t[1 dipp$ 9 ! matt] ( a boil full    
ripe1 op5$ 9 ! back ( a "y calf recov]+ 
f ! di/emp]4 ,x may n be amiss to /it*  
up ! w\nd1 to keep ! t[ 91 & let x rema9
 =ty-eight h\rs4 ,!n ! /it*es are to be 
cut1 ! t[ tak5 out1 & ! w\nd dress$ )   
yell[ basilicum o9tm5t1 or "o made )    
turp5t9e & yolk ( egg1 spread on pl$gets

 ( t[4 ,^! dress+s are to be cont9u$    
dur+ ! :ole illness1 & till aft] !      
recov]y ( ! bea/1 to promote ! dis*>ge2 
& !n ! w\nd may be heal$ ) ! c]ate (    
lapis calam9>is1 or any o!r4  ,on ! ?ird
 day aft] inoculation1 ! discol\r+ ( !  
w\nd1 ^: lips appe> grey & swoll51 w be 
a sign t ! inoculation has succe$$2 b ! 
bea/s1 z ,pr(essor ,sw5ke in=ms u1 did n
 fall ill till ! six? day1 :i* answ]s   
exactly to ! obs]vations daily made 9 ! 
inoculat+ ( *ildr54 ,yet ! ,pr(essor    
adds t on ! ?ird day a co/iv5ess came   
on1 :i* 0 remov$ by giv+ ea* calf ?ree  
ounces ( ,epsom salts4  ,no soon] d !   
symptoms ( heav9ess & /upidity appe> ?an
 ! bea/s mu/ h a light cov]+ ?r[n ov]   
!m1 & at night fa/5$ loosely4 ,!y mu/ be
 rubb$ morn+ & ev5+1 & curri$1 till !   
boils beg9 to rise2 w>m hay-wat] &      
v9eg>-:ey mu/ be giv5 pl5tifully4 ,%\ld 
! bea/s require m n\ri%m5t1 dry meat1   
su* z cut hay1 ) a little bran1 may be  
(f]$4 ,i %\ld be v cauti\s 9 giv+       
milk-pottage1 ev5 aft] ! boils & pimples

 _h all come out1 = fe> ( br++ on a     
sc\r+4 ,h[ev]1 ?is caution is prop]1 t  
:5ev] milk-pottage be giv51 ! v9eg>-:ey 
is to be omitt$ = obvi\s reasons4 ,9    
cases ( accid5t1 ! same att5tion is to  
be obs]v$ 9 ! disease by inoculation z 9
 ! natural way1 & ! m$ic9es recomm5d$   
are ! same ,i w\ld use2 b by inoculation
 !re seldom is a call = any1 s fav\rably
 does ! di/emp] proce$ ?r\gh its sev]al 
/ages4  ,! crisis be+ ov]1 x w be prop] 
to purge ! cattle1 to air !m by degrees1
 & to h ! same reg>d 9 ! managem5t ( !m 
z is laid d[n 9 ! *apt] on ! me?od (    
cure4  ,su* are ! recomm5dations :i*    
,lay>d has prescrib$ = ^? :o h to       
practise inoculation z a prev5tive      
treatm5t2 x w\ld be difficult to (f] an 
example ( great] prud5ce or precision4  
,a c]ta9 numb] ( ox5 71 by means ( ?is  
inoculation1 protect$ aga9/ ! attack ( !
 cattle disease2 & ?is mode ( treatm5t  
01 z we %all aft]w>ds expla91 adopt$ 9  
,russia4 ,un=tunately1 ?is rational &   
prev5tive treatm5t 0 discov]$ only at ! 

end ( ! epizootia1 :5 already upw>ds (  
six millions ( horn$ cattle _h fall5 a  
sacrifice to ! contagi\s fev]4          
,curative ,means4--,:5 ! fir/ c\rse ( ! 
disease _h left no d\bt ( ! attack1 !   
sick animal 0 subject$ to an appropriate
 diet1 & re/rict$ to liquids ei!r z     
m$ic9al decoctions1 or z alim5t>y       
bev]ages4 ,! decoctions consi/$ ( :ey   
mix$ ) a little v9eg>1 & nitr$ hay4 ,!  
bro?s1 or alim5t>y bev]ages1 consi/$ ( a
 decoction ( bread1 & ( wat] mix$ ) bran
 & meal1 :e!r ( b>ley1 oats1 or :eat4   
,at ?is /age ( ! curative process1 !    
majority ( physicians recomm5d$ "o or   
two ble$+s1 9 ord] to abate ! viol5ce ( 
! fev]1 & ( ! conge/ions ne> ! n]v\s    
c5tres & ! lungs2 & z con/ipation       
prevail$ at ! "t1 !y /rove ) ! same     
object to empty ! dige/ive passages1 !  
inte/9es1 & ! /oma*s1 not)/&+ !         
difficulty t exi/s to produce ?is result
 9 rum9at+ animals4  ,! purgatives      
employ$ consi/$ ( a decoction ( s5na1   
mix$ ) prune juice1 ) a little rhub>b or

 fre% l9se$ oil1 infus$ 9 _! dr9k1 or   
appli$ z a cly/] 9 w>m wat] slightly    
salt$4 ,^? :o practis$ polyph>macy      
adm9i/]$ at night a mixture ( nitre1    
camphor1 r$-lead1 & rhub>b1 9 half a    
pailful ( w>m wat]2 & greatly did !y    
boa/ ( ! active influ5ce ( ?is bev]age4 
,"s practition]s ev5 endeav\r$1 9 ! fir/
 /age ( ! malady1 to accel]ate its      
action on ! sk9 by giv+ = t purpose w>m 
dr9ks1 & by cov]+ ! cattle ) wooll5     
clo?s1 to promote p]spiration2 b x 0    
g5]ally admitt$ t ! sick animals pref]r$
 cold dr9ks1 & t !y 7 p>ticul>ly fond ( 
acidulat$ :ey4  ,9 ! second p]iod ( !   
di/emp]1 ! same dr9ks 7 cont9u$1 add+   
!reto "s !riac or ,jesuit's b>k1 9 ord] 
to less5 ! frequ5cy ( ! di>rhoetic      
evacuations4 ,!y also provok$ ! depurat+
 secretions f ! m\?1 nose1 & eyes1 by   
repeat$ wa%+s2 & z ^? animals1 9 :i* !  
runn+ 0 mo/ easy & copi\s1 seem$ to be  
less s]i\sly affect$ ) ! disease1 !y    
/rove to increase t :i* fl[$ f ! gl&s ( 
! m\? by fix+ a gag 9 ! jaws1 & keep+ x 

!re = sev]al h\rs4 ,?is measure seem$ s 
efficaci\s t a decree f ! ,p>lem5t de   
,r\51 issu$ on ! #ac? ( ,m>*1 #agde1    
ord]$ ! application ( a gag1 or bit1 =  
?ree h\rs e day1 to ! cattle "u         
treatm5t4  ,9 ! ?ird p]iod1 !y s\ght to 
ov]come ! wa/+ ( /r5g? 9 ! sy/em by     
means ( tonic & nutriti\s dr9ks1        
decoctions ( c5taury1 ,jesuit's b>k1    
junip] b]ries1 c4 ,!y likewise adm9i/]$ 
emolli5t cly/]s if ! evacuations 7      
bloody4  ,moreov]1 !y plac$ two or ?ree 
setons1 pr9cipally 9 ! dewlap1 9 ord] to
 obey ! signs & indications (           
nature--quo natura v]git1 eo duc5dum2 z 
a salut>y & critical eruption ( ! sk9 0 
at t p]iod =c+ its way4 ,^! setons 7    
kept op5 ) a mixture ( turp5t9e & yolks 
( egg1 = ! purpose ( enc\rag+ !         
secretion4 ,! purul5t or emphysemat\s   
tum\rs 7 cut4  ,b :atev] means might be 
employ$1 almo/ all ! cattle p]i%$1 & !  
few & r>e recov]ies only af=d$ !        
pessimi/s ! satisfaction ( claim+ ! m]it
 ( !m = !mselves4 ,x 0 rem>k$1 besides1 

t ! fatte/ bea/s 7 ! lea/ able to resi/ 
! effects ( ! di/emp]4  ,x is h>dly     
necess>y to say1 t dur+ ! :ole c\rse ( !
 treatm5t1 great c>e 0 tak5 to keep bo? 
! /ables & ! cattle 9 a p]fect /ate (   
cleanl9ess4  ,! convalesc5ce ( ^?       
animals :i* 7 cur$ 0 inv>iably long1 &  
requir$ great att5tion z to _! food &   
hygi5ic treatm5t4 ,solid sub/ances1     
roots1 & =age 7 )held until rum9ation   
reviv$2 & x 0 only aft] sev]al days (   
enc\rag+ trials t ! recov]$ animal 0    
suff]$ at la/ to fe$ all day 9 ! field1 
accord+ to 8 pleasure4  ,su*1 !n1 0 t   
=midable epizootia :i*1 9 ! middle ( !  
eighte5? c5tury1 swept away upw>ds ( six
 millions ( horn$ cattle1 & :i*         
occasion$ a loss to ,europe exce$+ fifty
 millions /]l+--p]haps we might say a   
hundr$ millions--= o!r dome/ic animals1 
%eep1 horses1 c4 7z g5]ally happ5s 9    
cases ( epizootia71 _h likewise suff]$1 
9 diff]5t degrees1 f ! v>i\s compla9ts  
aris+ f inclem5t seasons4  ,x 0 c]ta9ly 
necess>y to our purpose t we %\ld h tak5

 ?is retrospective view ( ! cattle      
disease1 & x w af=d u a valuable guide =
 ! future4 ,we may n[ cont5t ourselves )
 br++ toge!r ! diff]5t annals 9 ! *a9 ( 
"t :i* elaps$ betwe5 ,lay>d's treatise1 
:i* 0 publi%$ 9 #ageg1 & ! pres5t day4  
,?is *a9 ( "t am\nts to #ajh ye>s4   ,v4
  ,! typhus ( ,horn$ ,cattle1 :i* _h %[n
 itself 9 a mann] p]man5t1 sometimes    
rag+ at "o "p ( ! globe1 sometimes at   
ano!r1 c\ld n1 "u ! unalt]$ conditions  
by :i* x _h be5 g5]at$1 susp5d its      
ravages2 & ?\gh1 ?anks to h] isolat$    
position1 ,engl& may be less expos$ to x
 ?an o!r c\ntries1 x is1 h[ev]1 necess>y
 to take note ( :at may s]ve = our      
in/ruction 9 ! sev]al epizootics :i* w  
pass "u our view4  ,m$ical writ]s relate
 t contagi\s typhus broke out sev]al    
times 9 ,holl& dur+ ! ye>s #agfh1 #agfi1
 & #aggj2 x also appe>$ 9 ,fr5* ,fl&]s 9
 #agga1 9 ,ha9ault 9 #aggc4 ,9 ,france  
"o p>ticul> spot 01 at ?is p]iod1       
completely r5d]$ intact by draw+ a      
sanit>y f5ce ab\t its limits1 & be/[+ on

 ! cattle p>ticul> hygi5ic att5tion z a 
safegu>d4 ,! /ables ( ^! animals 7 wa%$1
 cleans$1 & fumigat$2 spr+ wat] 0 giv5  
!m to dr9k1 _! food 0 *os5 ) c>e1 & a   
c]ta9 quantity ( salt 0 mix$ ) x4  ,9   
#aggd1 ,holl&1 a cold & damp c\ntry1 0  
once m invad$ by ! sc\rge2 & ! ,gov]nm5t
 (f]$ 9 va9 a rew>d ( #hj1jjj flor9s to 
any "o :o %\ld discov] ! prev5tive or   
specific rem$y = ! disease4  ,! typhus  
:i*1 at t epo*1 _h likewise brok5 out   
aga9 9 ! s\? ( ,france1 ?reat5$ to      
become an abid+ p]il to ! weal? (       
nations4 ,two ,fr5* au?ors1 ,vicq       
d',azyr & ,paulet1 betook !mselves      
e>ne/ly to ! task ( collect+ e docum5t  
:i* up to t "t _h be5 publi%$ on !      
successive visitations ( ! malady1 & (  
(f]+ ! means ( prev5t+ x4 ,_! int5tion 0
 unque/ionably laudable1 b ! "t = obta9+
 su* a result _h n yet arriv$2 besides  
:i*1 ^! two writ]s1 :atev] may h be5 _! 
des]t1 7 n equal to an a*ievem5t ( ?is  
"*4 ,!y belong$1 inde$1 to t ord] ( m5  
:o look ^u ! cultivation ( sci5ce solely

 z a /ep to p]sonal di/9ction4  ,vicq   
d',azyr himself 0 b tw5ty-five ye>s old 
:5 he issu$1 9 #agge1 8 "w1 entitl$1    
,expos des ,moy5s curatifs et           
pres]vatifs qui peuv5t tre employs      
contre les ,maladies des ,btes  ,cornes4
 ,we %\ld deceive ourselves if we       
expect$ to f9d 9 ?is exposition any?+ b 
an int]e/+ compilation ( ! works already
 publi%$4  ,paulet's treatise appe>$    
likewise 9 #agge1 "u ! title1 ,re*]*es  
hi/oriques et physiques sur les         
,maladies epizootiques1 avec les ,moy5s 
d'y rmdi] dans t\s les ,cas1 publies p> 
ordre du ,roi4 ,p>is4 ,two volumes4     
,aft] read+ & reflect+ on ?is title1 z  
s]vile z x is arrogant1 ,i might h      
disp5s$ ) all exam9ation ( ! "w4 ,a     
sci5tific man1 :il/ 9 ! pursuit ( tru?1 
takes ord]s f nobody1 n ev5 f k+s4      
,paulet1 !re=e1 writ+ by ord]1 c\ld only
 produce a "w ( m$iocrity1 & su* is     
inconte/ably ! degree ( value ( 8 two   
volumes1 =m+1 z !y d1 a fa/idi\s        
diss]tation ( epizootics 9 g5]al1 & ( ^?

 relat+ to cattle 9 p>ticul>4  ,! works 
( ,paulet & ,vicq d',azyr1 writt5 at !  
same "t1 n be+ ! lab\r ( m5 practis+ !  
m$ical art1 are on a level z to !       
notions :i* !y h h&$ d[n to u2 b t (    
,vicq d',azyr be+ ! bett] ( ! two1 we   
%all extract !refrom :at may *iefly     
int]e/ u4  ,vicq d',azyr relates !      
hi/ory ( ! epizootics1 & expatiates on !
 orig9al cause ( ! typhus 9 horn$       
cattle1 & on its nature4 ,! passages 9  
:i* he treats ( its mode ( propagation &
 its treatm5t1 are ! mo/ des]v+ ( our   
notice4  ,he says1 t he tri$ to no      
purpose to communicate ! disease a      
second "t to animals :i* _h be5 =tunate 
en\gh to get cur$4  ,t c[s cov]$ ) !    
fre% sk9s /ripp$ f dead cattle1 victims 
to ! di/emp]1 did n contract x4  ,t     
infect$ clo!s :i* _h be5 worn by m5 :o  
_h s]v$ 9 hospitals :]e cattle 7 "u     
treatm5t1 hav+ be5 laid on ! backs (    
sev]al bea/s 9 s\nd heal?1 7 f\nd to    
transmit ! di/emp] 9 ?ree cases out (   
six4  ,t ! gases expell$ f ! inte/9es1  

receiv$ into a bladd] ball1 & let out "u
 ! noses ( heal?y cattle1 h communicat$ 
! disease to !m1 aft] t5 or fifte5 days 
( lat5t incubation2 & t ! same gases be+
 mix$ ) _! dr9k1 h also propagat$ !     
contagion4  ,t frictions1 ) ! h&s       
impregnat$ ) virus1 hav+ be5 made ov] ! 
sk91 did n produce any ill effects4  ,t 
"s ox5 :i* _h be5 design$ly plac$ = a   
few h\rs among sick animals1 h aft]w>ds 
be5 seiz$ ) ! di/emp]4  ,t a calf :i* _h
 be5 plac$ 9 a /all conta9+ "s ox5      
griev\sly affect$1 b :i* calf _h a      
basket b5ea? its nose fill$ ) aromatic  
h]bs1 )/ood ! contagion4  ,t c[%$s :i*  
_h be5 p>tially cleans$ & fumigat$1     
transmitt$ ! disease to o!r cattle1 ev5 
sev]al mon?s aft] !y _h be5 vacat$4     
,f9ally1 he m5tions ! exp]im5ts (       
inoculation made by ,lay & 9 ,engl&1 b n
 und]/&+ _! aim & capacity1 he adds1 t  
inoculation does n seem to him ( any    
use1 s9ce ! inoculat$ animals all di$4  
,yet he quotes ! enc\rag+ results obta9$
 by ,camp] 9 ,holl&1 :o1 out ( #aab     

inoculat$ cattle1 sav$ #da2 & ^? (      
,koopman1 :o1 out ( #id1 cur$ #de by ?is
 v inoculation4  ,he rem9ds u t ! cattle
 typhus is an abid+ disease 9 ,hung>y & 
,russia1 :]e ! bea/s hav+ bad wat] to   
dr9k1 c only be protect$ by a con/ant   
use ( m>9e salt 7sel gemme72 b be+      
depriv$ ( ?is salt1 :5 !y g great       
di/ances to be sold1 & be+ expos$ to    
extreme fatigue & privations1 ! typhus  
!n spreads among !m4 ,he likewise tells 
u t ,hung>y & ,dalmatia1 :i* us$ to     
supply ! m>kets ( ,italy ) but*]'s meat1
 7 oblig$ to give up s5d+ any cattle    
!re1 ! ,italians hav+ firmly refus$ to  
pur*ase ! same at any price :atev]4  ,z 
reg>ds treatm5t1 ! advice :i* ,vicq     
d',azyr gives to agriculturi/s1 is mo/ly
 borr[$ f ! au?ors :o h writt5 on !     
great epizootics ( #agaa1 & #agde to    
#agee4 ,?us1 he advises !m to give z    
dr9ks 9 ! fir/ /age1 wat] :it5$ ) meal &
 nitr$2 to purge ! animals ) l9se$ oil2 
ev5 to make sc>ifications on ! sk91 & to
 keep up ! suppuration ) turp5t9e2 to   

make ! animals inhale six times a day   
vap\rs season$ ) v9eg>2 to wrap !m ov] )
 wooll5 clo?s2 to ble$ !m once or twice2
 to adm9i/] to !m1 :5 di>rhoea %[s      
itself1 a bev]age conta9+ wormwood1     
qu99e1 & diascordium2 to cut op5 !      
tum\rs conta9+ pus or air1 etc4  ,x is1 
z is se51 ! same treatm5t z t quot$     
above2 he gu>antees its success1 &      
supports 8 views by ! au?ority ( ,van   
,swiet5 & ,huxan4  ,van ,swiet51 h[ev]1 
_h some:at modifi$ ! treatm5t1 by !     
pr$om9ance :i* he all[$ to acids2 & ?is 
c\rse seem$ to him to be only reasonable
 ) respect to animals ^: sick hum\rs    
conta9 an excess ( alkali4  ,vicq       
d',azyr fix$ 8 att5tion on ! means (    
prev5tion1 ! mo/ effectual ( :i*1 9 8   
op9ion1 0 to slaught] e animal :i* _h   
ei!r sick5$1 or _h be5 expos$ to !      
influ5ce ( ! contagion2 & z he insi/$ t 
! au?orities _h no measures to keep 9   
?is matt] ( public int]e/1 he made x a  
pr9ciple t ! gov]nm5t 0 b\nd to         
comp5sate ! cattle proprietors ^:       

animals _h to be kill$--! m s1 said he1 
t ! crafty husb&m5 w\ld nev] come =w>d &
 freely decl>e ! invalidity ( _! cattle1
 unless "s indemnity 7 held out to !m1  
:i* !y w\ld look ^u z a sort ( equival5t
 = ! b5efits !y _h expect$ by cutt+ !m  
up & sell+ !m z ! food ( man4  ,!       
doctors ( ! p]iod1 sc5t+ 9 ,vicq d',azyr
 a dang]\s competitor1 consid]$ ! advice
 ( ext]m9at+ ! diseas$ cattle z an +5i\s
 means ( cur+ !m1 & z ! au?or's age &   
exp]i5ce gave w>rant = ?is satirical    
tone ( discussion1 ! public jo9$ !m 9   
laugh+ at him4  ,! epizootic typhus1 if 
n s de/ructive1 0 at lea/ z frequ5t 9 ! 
e>ly "p ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 z x _h be5  
dur+ ! eighte5?4 ,! armies dur+ ! w>s ( 
unit$ ,europe aga9/ ! ,fr5* ,republic & 
,empire1 f\nd x con/antly 9 _! tra94    
,nor c\ld x be o!rwise1 ! two lead+     
causes ( its preval5ce be+ at h&4 ,= on 
"o h& !re 0 ! transit ( l>ge h]ds f !   
/eppes ( ,hung>y1 & on ! o!r ! wret*$   
hygi5ic conditions amid/ :i* ! cattle _h
 to live 9 ! campaign+ armies4  ,_m     

books h be5 publi%$ ( late ye>s on !    
diseases ( cattle1 9 ,france & ,g]many2 
& sev]al di/+ui%$ ,engli% vet]9>y       
surgeons1 especially ,pr(essor ,simonds1
 h also devot$ _! att5tion to ! same    
subject4 ,9 ! second "p ( ?is "w1 we    
%all h occasion to ref] to _! lab\rs4   
,9 ,france1 ,r5ault1 ,delafond1         
d',arboval1 ,gell1 ^: works enjoy a     
des]v$ reputation1 h discuss$ ! subject 
( ! orig9 ( ?is disease4  ,r5ault ass]ts
 t ! disease has b "o s+le focus1 !     
/eppes ( ,russia & ,hung>y4 ,!          
epizootics ( ,asia1 ,africa1 & ,s\?     
,am]ica are caus$1 he consid]s1 by !    
importation ( animals to ^? c\ntries4 ,x
 is ?us t he expla9s ! epizootia :i*1 "u
 ! "n ( ,delombod]a1 deva/at$ ! ,am]ican
 ,republics 9 #ahcb1 & t :i*1 9 #ahda1  
appe>$ 9 ,egypt4 ,r5ault ?9ks t nei!r ! 
long transit1 nor ! fil?y /ate ( !      
m>kets1 nor ! mo/ wret*$ fe$+1 are      
suffici5t to acc\nt = contagi\s typhus  
among cattle2 t 9 addition to ^! causes1
 x /ill requires1 9 ord] to produce &   

g5]ate x among animals1 a pr$isposition1
 & a special aptitude1 su* z1 hi!rto at 
lea/1 d n appe> to h be5 witness$ except
 9 ! prog5y ( ! /eppes4  ,! o!r         
pr(essors ( 8 frat]nity h submitt$      
argum5ts to him1 :i* to u seem v        
rational2 & we w endeav\r to d ju/ice to
 !m :5 we discuss ! orig9 ( ! typhus :i*
 at ?is mom5t is afflict+ ,engl&4       
,,vi4  ,^! hi/orical diss]tations &     
speculations on ! subject ( ! bov9e     
epizootia c]ta9ly des]ve to draw !      
att5tion ( all :o feel an int]e/ 9 !    
malady2 b h[ insignificant !y are comp>$
 ) ! conclud+ facts :i* ,i h /ill to    
m5tion1 be=e ,i at l5g? address myself  
to ! consid]ation ( ! epizootia :i* is  
n[ consum+ our h]ds6  ,! indisputable   
fact t s t]rible a di/emp] z ?is typhus 
_h fix$ itself p]man5tly 9 ,russia1 & t 
x 0 caus+ incalculable losses to !      
lordly proprietors ( ! /eppes1 z well z 
to ! gov]nm5t1 r\s$ !m at la/ f _!      
indiff]5ce4 ,!n1 inde$1 !y urg$ !       
vet]9>y doctors to adopt "s en]getic    

means to arre/ ! long duration ( !      
sc\rge1 & we mu/ admit to _! hon\r1 t   
v>i\s exp]im5ts :i* 7 tri$ = ! purpose (
 prev5t+ ! evil1 h be5 cr[n$ ) complete 
success4 ,any "o may asc]ta9 ! fact by  
ref]r+ to ! ,j\rnal ,magaz9 ( ,b]l91 9  
:i* ! le>n$ ,pr(essor ,jess5 ( ,dorpat  
has expla9$ ! results ( ^! important    
exp]im5ts4  ,! ,russian vet]9>ians hav+ 
obs]v$ t ! ox5 :i* _h be5 cur$ ( !      
typhus c\ld m+le ) impunity ) ! infect$ 
h]ds1 conceiv$ ! idea ( communicat+ !   
compla9t to s\nd cattle by means (      
inoculation1 & !reby to %ield !m f !    
contagion4  ,! fir/ exp]im5ts 9 !       
inoculation ( ,t*\ma or cattle typhus1 7
 made 9 ! ye> #ahec1 by ord] ( !        
gov]nm5t1 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,odessa1 at
 ! ,h]id9 f>m1 by ,pr(essor ,jess54  ,! 
fir/ inoculative attempts 7 v fatal2 !y 
caus$ ! dea? ( all ! inoculat$ animals4 
,b x 0 soon p]ceiv$ t ^! griev\s        
results1 f> f prejudic+ ! !ory1 really  
confirm$ x2 & t ! virus1 att5uat$ 9 its 
toxical prop]ties1 w\ld prove z         

effectual z 0 expect$4 ,& truly1 9 #ahed
 & #ahee1 at ! ,dorpat e/abli%m5t1 !    
inoculations made ) a bett] select$     
virus af=d$ results less disa/r\s4 ,at  
,kozau !y 7 /ill m satisfactory4 ,9 f9e1
 pass+ f exp]im5t to exp]im5t1 !y arriv$
 at ! conclusion t x 0 necess>y to      
inoculate sev]al heads ( cattle1 ! "o   
aft] ! o!r1 )\t hav+ rec\rse to any o!r 
virus ?an ! fir/ inoculat$1 s t !y might
 !reby obta9 virus ( ! #bnd1 #crd1 #d?1 
#e?1 & up to ! #aj? g5]ation4 ,! virus  
?us att5uat$ 9 its morbid effects answ]$
 at l5g? e exp]im5t1 & ox5 ?us inoculat$
 c\ld m+le ) impunity ) diseas$ cattle4 
,at ! vet]9>y e/abli%m5t ( ,*alk(f !y   
inoculat$1 dur+ eight meet+s1 #ajei     
animals ) virus ( ! #crd g5]ation1 & !  
results 7 z satisfactory z c\ld be wi%$ 
=1 only #fj animals hav+ sunk "u !      
effects ( ?is prev5tive op]ation4  ,!   
inoculations made 9 #aheg & #aheh on an 
e/ate belong+ to ! ,du*ess ,hel5a1 at   
,k>l[ska1 9 ! gov]nm5t ( ,pultawa1 &    
conduct$ by ! vet]9>ian ,raussels1      

likewise af=d$ ! mo/ satisfactory       
results4  ,pr(essor ,jess5 ?9ks x c]ta91
 t bea/s born ( c[s :i* h be5 afflict$ )
 contagi\s typhus d n contract !        
disease4 ,he ma9ta9s t ,europe may be   
pres]v$ f ?is frightful sc\rge1 by tak+ 
c>e t no cattle be export$ f ! /eppes ( 
,russia save ^? :i* h _h ! di/emp] ei!r 
naturally or by inoculation1 & he is    
/riv+ to propagate ?is op9ion1 & to r5d]
 x practical1 by hav+ all ! cattle      
inoculat$1 )\t exception4  ,x is deeply 
to be regrett$ t c\nsels s prud5t h n   
be5 he$$ 9 ! #dg gov]nm5ts :i*1 out ( ! 
#ec possess$ by ,russia1 h g5]at$ !     
contagi\s typhus2 = !n x w\ld n s       
frequ5tly h effect$ its passage into !  
neighb\r+ /ates1 & ,engl& mo/ probably1 
w\ld n n[ h to take up arms aga9/ its   
fatal ext5sion4   ,,vii4  ,we "h        
conclude t "p ( our lab\r :i* includes !
 hi/ory ( ?is disease1 & :at we h be5   
able to glean f ^? m$ical writ]s1 &     
o!rs1 :o h giv5 u ! results ( _!        
exp]i5ce4 ,x may h appe>$ some:at       

protract$1 b x has at lea/ laid op5 to !
 /ud5t ! antec$5t inve/igations ( our   
pr$ecessors1 "u calamities ( ! same k9d1
 b consid]ably m fatal ?an :at has yet  
be5 witness$ 9 ,we/]n ,europe dur+ our  
"t4 ,we h dis9t]r$ & br\ght to light !  
=gott5 works ( consci5ti\s & compet5t   
m54 ,l ,brunelles*i1 ! ar*itect1 we h   
s\ght1 n to inv5t a !ory1 b to recov] a 
practice2 & ?us we h receiv$ !          
obs]vations & preci\s facts1 & f9ally ! 
prev5tive treatm5t1 ( o!r m5 & o!r      
times1 :i* _h cop$ successfully aga9/ ! 
cattle disease :5 its ravages 7         
inf9itely great]4  ,to resume1 !n3 ^!   
inquiries 7:i* we und]took )\t          
anticipat+ s ri* a h>ve/7 h prov$1 &    
made evid5t--  ,t ! contagi\s typhus    
afflict+ horn$ cattle1 has spread its   
de/ructive pr9ciple ov] our globe ev]   
s9ce !re h be5 animals liv+ on its      
surface4  ,t f c5tury to c5tury1 n to   
say f ye> to ye>1 x has c>ri$ its t]rors
 amid/ nations & peoples4  ,t ! rem$ial 
measures :i* _h be5 tak5 & appli$ prior 

to ! middle ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 7      
utt]ly p[]less ei!r to cure ?is disease 
or to prev5t x4  ,t at t p]iod appe>$   
two ,engli% physicians1 m5 ( rem>kable  
aptitude & p5etration1 "o ( :om1        
,malcolm ,flemm+1 laid d[n 9 !ory !     
bases ( a prev5tive treatm5t2 :il/ !    
o!r1 ,pet] ,lay>d1 appli$ ?is !ory to   
practice1 by inoculat+ s\nd & heal?y    
animals ) ! morbid virus ( ! typhus1 9  
ord] to protect !m f ! fatal effects ( !
 contagion4  ,t ?is all-important       
progress 9 m$ical exp]i5ce1 has be5     
absolutely =gott52 s mu* s1 inde$1 t !  
exp]im5ts ( inoculation1 tri$ 9 ,russia 
only t5 or twelve ye>s ago ) p]fect     
success1 d n seem to be connect$ by any 
l9k ) ^? made 9 ,engl& a c5tury be=e1 & 
t ! invasion ( ! s-call$ ,,cattle       
,,plague 9 #ahfe seem$ to "s m5 to h    
introduc$ a new sc\rge1 :i* m5 7 n arm$ 
& prep>$ to meet--:i* !y 7 p[]less to   
cure1 or to /ay 9 its progress4  ,^!    
inquiries1 !n1 h prov$1 we ?9k1 t we are
 n s helpless z we _h imag9$ to resi/ ! 

evil4 ,b we _c help feel+1 t we h laid  
b>e 9 ?is exposition "s mo/ di/ress+    
inf]5ces conc]n+ ! human m9d4 ,=1 9     
tru?1 c any?+ be m deplorable1 ?an ?us  
to see ! civiliz$ nations ( ,europe     
endure1 f c5tury to c5tury1 ^! reit]at$ 
outbreaks ( cattle typhus1 & to see     
likewise t no man ( suffici5t en]gy &   
indep5d5ce has yet aris5 to tell ! tru? 
fe>lessly to ! gov]nm5ts & peoples1     
h[ev] pa9ful t tru? may be1 & to expose 
! futility ( ! measures hi!rto employ$  
to arre/ ! sc\rge8  ,&1 on ! o!r h&1 is 
x n mo/ afflict+ to see discov]ies (    
indisputable value buri$ out ( view1    
subm]g$ 9 public libr>ies1 utt]ly unkn[n
 & =gott51 l _! au?ors1 to su* a degree1
 t ! di/emp] :i* !y h made kn[n 9 its   
entirety1 & :i* is z old z ! _w itself1 
seems to u almo/ new 9 #ahfe8  ,god s5d1
 t ^! cruel trials & sev]e lessons :i* !
 pa/ has bequea!d to u may tea* u some?+
 = our b5efit6 ,may ! irresi/ible might 
:i* is d]iv$ f ! auspici\s union (      
capital & intellig5ce sup]s$e ! va9 &   

flimsy ef=ts ( isolat$ en]gy6 ,may !    
gov]nm5t1 :i* lavi%es hundr$s ( millions
 ^u ! de/ructive eng9es ( w>1 devote "s 
portion ( its ample means to ! /udy (   
h]$it>y infections & contagi\s diseases6
 ,= ^! fatal epidemics decimate m5 z    
well z cattle1 & we may at lea/ w>d (f f
 our *ildr5 ! desolat+ disease :i* at   
pres5t afflicts ourselves4  ,we possess 
already e requisite means to protect    
ourselves f ! =midable visitation ( ^!  
diseases3 we h sci5ce2 we h ! m5 :o     
cultivate & tea* x2 we h ! exp]i5ce ( ! 
pa/ add$ to our own4 ,to-day1 we are    
call$ ^u to resi/ ! baleful effects (   
cattle typhus2 b ano!r epizootia may    
come to-morr[1 & /rike our horses & our 
%eep--^? dome/ic animals :i* con/itute  
our mo/ preci\s possession4 ,! *ol]a    
hov]s ab\t u4 ,if we d no?+1 if we talk 
& debate in/ead ( act+1 ^! sc\rges w    
come ^u u on a sudd51 & f9d u q z       
helpless z ev] to resi/ _! sway4  ,^!   
palpable tru?s des]ve to be fur!r       
develop$1 & w be treat$ m copi\sly at ! 

end ( ?is book4 ,!y w con/itute !       
complem5t ( our "w1 necess>ily writt5 9 
ha/e1 s9ce ! dang] we _h to expose 0    
itself s urg5t & al>m+4  ,,footnotes3   
,a ,to assi/ ! rese>*es ( o!r inquir]s  
on ?is vital subject1 n[ s g5]ally      
int]e/+1 we may add1 t ! cattle         
treatises already ref]r$ to--( ,malcolm 
,flemm+ & ,pet] ,lay>d--are to be f\nd 9
 ! ,libr>y ( ! ,briti% ,museum1 b\nd    
toge!r 9 a s+le volume1 :i* is c]ta9ly  
wor? t5 times its weight 9 gold4 ,x     
conta9s1 inde$1 eight diff]5t opuscula1 
all relat+ to cattle compla9ts1 :i*     
sci5tific /ud5ts may consult ) real     
gratification4 ,i w "h transcribe !     
titles ( ! mo/ important ( ^! treatises1
 ! pregnant expositions ( ! two ,engli% 
physicians above-nam$4  ,t ( ,malcolm   
,flemm+3  ,a ,proposal1 9 ord] to       
,dim9i% ! ,progress ( ! ,di/emp] among !
 ,horn$ ,cattle1 support$ by ,facts4    
,london1 #agee4  ,t ( ,pet] ,lay>d3  ,an
 ,essay on ! ,nature1 ,cause1 & ,cure ( 
! ,contagi\s ,di/emp] among ! ,horn$    

,cattle 9 ^! ,k+doms4 ,london1 #ageg4   
,a great _m acc\nts1 treatises1 &       
expositions on ! same subject appe>$ at 
! same "t 9 ,france1 ,holl&1 ,d5m>k1 &  
,switz]l&4 ,"o1 :i* appe>$ 9 ! la/ ( ^! 
c\ntries1 is entitl$3  ,reflexions sur  
la ,maladie du ,gros ,btail1 p> la      
,socit des ,mdecius de ,g5ve4 #agef4    
,,second ,,"p4  ,?is ,"p is divid$1 z   
already /at$1 into f\r *apt]s4          
,,*apt] ,i4  ,on ,typh\s ,diseases 9    
g5]al1 & ! ,typhus :i* affects ! ,ox 9  
p>ticul>4   ,by foll[+ ! example ( ^?   
au?ors :o h describ$ ! contagi\s typhus 
( ! ox1 we might proce$ at once to      
expla9 its symptoms1 & g directly to our
 purpose2 b1 by tak+ ?is ha/y c\rse1 we 
%\ld expose ourselves to be imp]fectly  
und]/ood by ! majority ( our read]s1 &  
to leave c]ta9 d\bts 9 ! m9ds (         
physicians z to ! nature ( ! disease & !
 propriety ( its treatm5t4  ,all        
animals1 includ+ man himself1 are born )
 a pr$isposition & liability to contract
 a c]ta9 numb] ( contagi\s febrile      

diseases2 !y be> 9 a mann] a c]ta9 numb]
 ( physiological elem5ts1 :i* might be  
call$ lat5t g]ms1 & :i*1 "u giv5        
conditions1 become ! leav5 ( ^!         
diseases4 ,?is mu/1 inde$1 be ! case1   
s9ce aft] ^! disord]s h be5 once        
develop$ ^? :o h be5 cur$ ( !m are n apt
 to contract !m aga91 ! morbid          
developm5ts hav+ de/roy$ t natural      
aptitude :i* _h previ\sly exi/$ to      
und]go ! morbid action ( ! contagi\s    
virus4 ,^! diseases are n num]\s2 !y    
con/itute a v di/9ct class1 & ! same    
laws1 :i* regulate ! ph5om5a 9 "o ( !m  
are applicable to all ! re/4  ,^!       
diseases exhibit ! foll[+ *>act]i/ics3  
#a/1 a p]iod ( incubation1 dur+ :i* !   
:ole economy1 m p>ticul>ly ! blood &    
hum\rs1 exp]i5ce v important *anges &   
modifications2 #bnd1 a febrile /ate1 :i*
 v>ies 9 its cont9u\s or int]mitt5t     
types1 & 9 its int5sity1 accord+ to !   
species ( ! animals1 & :i* proce$s f !  
alt]ation ( ! blood2 #crd1 a revulsion  
at once toxical & conge/ive t[>ds !     

n]v\s c5tre1 induc+ /upor2 #d?1 a flux (
 mucus f ! m\? & *e/2 #e?1 a m int5se1  
conge/ive1 & inflammatory flux or       
dis*>ge f ! ext]nal or int]nal          
tegum5ts--! sk9 or ! muc\s membrane ( ! 
dige/ive *annels2 #f?1 a p]iod (        
adynamia & dejection1 ) a t5d5cy1 9 "s  
cases1 to a critical or salut>y         
rejection ( ! morbid matt] by !         
developm5t ( tum\rs or abscesses 9 !    
sk92 #g?1 !y are at once infecti\s &    
contagi\s1 epizootic or epidemic2 t is  
to say1 !y are transmitt$ 9 diff]5t     
degrees by contact1 by inoculation1 & at
 a di/ance by ! means ( vitiat$ air2    
#h?1 f9ally--& ?is is _! lead+          
*>act]i/ic--!y are n subject to         
recurr5ce1 ea* individual t has once be5
 affect$1 los+ 9 g5]al all aptitude to  
contract ! disease a second "t4  ,?is   
la/ *>act]i/ic1 :5 well und]/ood1 ought 
9 reason to induce u to h rec\rse to !  
prev5tive treatm5t1 & su* has be5 ! case
 ) respect to ! mo/ virul5t among/      
!m--small-pox & ! typhus ( ! ox4        

,prompt$ by ^! pr9ciples1 :i* are z     
logical & fix$ z any ma!matical         
d$uction1 ,i sugge/$ 9 #ahee t          
inoculation %\ld be appli$ 9 typhoid    
fev]1 :i* is no?+ else b ! equival5t (  
inte/9al small-pox1 9 ord] to prev5t !  
disease 9 m54 ,b if ! simple/ tru?      
sometimes requires a conte/ ( ages be=e 
x is he>d & und]/ood1 ,i c\ld n hope to 
fix att5tion on a fact :i* might be tak5
 z problematical4 ,i felt t ,i 0        
outrunn+ "t1 & t ,i %\ld nei!r be he>d  
nor und]/ood2 & s x has prov$4  ,be t z 
x may1 ^! typh\s diseases h1 z is se51  
_! laws & =ese5 developm5t4 ,!y attack  
animals g5]ally1 b *iefly h]bivor\s     
animals1 end[$1 z we h %[n 9 ! fir/ "p1 
) a vital resi/ance :i* is1 relatively  
speak+1 v inconsid]able4  ,^! febrile   
typh\s diseases 7:e!r _! developm5t is  
caus$ by a spontane\s morbid action 9 ! 
pati5t or by an evid5t contagion71 h a  
p]iod ( incubation dur+ :i* ! vital     
/r5g? und]goes lat5t morbid             
modifications1 ?\gh n suffici5t to      

indicate1 save 9 times ( epizootics &   
epidemics1 ! p>ticul> =m :i* is ab\t to 
reveal its symptoms 9 ! c\rse ( a few   
days4 ,?is p]iod ( incubation be+ ov]1 !
 m\? & *e/ become affect$1 & fev]       
decl>es itself2 & !n ! mat]ies morbi1   
:i* is to become ! special & dom9ant    
*>act]i/ic ( ! di/emp]1 is direct$ ei!r 
to ! sk91 or to ! dige/ive muc\s        
membrane4 ,9 ! fir/ case1 we see evid5ce
 ( exan!matic diseases1 :i* pres5t only 
! lighte/ =ms ( det]sive disord]s1 su* z
 measles1 sc>lat9a1 or t m s]i\s "o1 f  
its pu/ul\s =m1 ! small-pox4 ,9 ! second
 case1 ! elim9ation takes place f !     
inte/9al canal1 & !n we see produc$ 9   
animals1 z well z 9 m51 ! typh\s        
diseases3 t is to say1 ! typhoid fev]--a
 pu/ul\s & ulc]\s malady ( !            
inte/9es--or ! common typhus ( !        
hospitals1 prisons1 & campaign+ armies2 
& aga91 9 animals1 !re is also ! typhus 
( ! /eppes1 ( ! m>%es1 c4  ,! ,ea/]n    
pe/il5ce1 ! plague ( ,rome 9 ! age (    
,anton9us & ! plague ( ,a!ns1 :i* might 

h giv5 to ,hippocrates ! "r ( treat+ )  
,artax]xes z "o pot5tate treats ) ano!r1
 ought p]haps to be class$ among ^?     
typhuses n subject to recurr5ce4  ,z = !
 *ol]a1 x seems to be a contagi\s &     
epidemic disord]1 ( a di/9ct & p>ticul> 
k9d4 ,we are ignorant ( its ess5tial    
cause1 its nature1 & its mode (         
treatm5t2 & al?\gh x has prevail$ 9 e   
age1 & ev5 frequ5tly ( late ye>s1 x w   
always1 by reason ( ! /range =mation (  
our m$ical in/itutions1 f9d u z weak &  
def5celess to resi/ its attack z we h   
ev] be54  ,if we h be5 prop]ly und]/ood1
 typh\s diseases are1 above all1 g5]al  
febrile affections4 ,at "o "t ! mat]ies 
morbi1 or dis*>ge1 affects ! sk92 at    
ano!r1 ! dige/ive muc\s membrane4 ,:5 x 
acts ^u ! sk91 z cl9ical obs]vation %[s1
 !re is sometimes a sort ( hesitation 9 
! eruptive process2 p wond] :at disease 
is com+ =?2 ! eruption wav]s 9 ! =m x w 
assume1 till at l5g? its real "* is     
det]m9$4 ,! same unc]ta9ty prevails :5 !
 inte/9es are affect$4 ,sometimes !     

exan!ma is m]ely ! equival5t ( simple   
measles or sc>lat9a ( ! inte/9al muc\s  
membrane1 & _m typhoid fev]s ( %ort     
cont9uance are no?+ else 9 _! nature4 ,!
 same occurs 9 common typhuses4         
,sometimes ! local affection proce$s z  
f> z pu/ul\s eruption1 sometimes only to
 exan!matic rubefaction2 h5ce ! v>i\s   
alt]ations :i* we h witness$ 9 !        
inte/9es ( cattle kill$ 9 our pres5ce at
 ! slaught]-h\ses ( ! ,metropolitan     
,m>ket1 & :i* we ourselves dissect$4 ,! 
exp]i5c$ ,pr(essor ,b\ley1 f ! ,ecole   
,vtr9aire ( ,al=t1 ne> ,p>is1 ^: visit  
mu/ h be5 b5eficial to ,engl&1 cle>ly   
recognis$ 9 an ox :i* 0 slaught]$ &     
dissect$ at ! ,metropolitan ,m>ket1 !   
g5u9e pu/ule ( typhoid fev]4 ,b 9 mo/   
cases1 z we %all %[1 x is ! o!r =ms :i* 
prevail4  ,we make ^! obs]vations 9 ord]
 to anticipate ! objections ( ^?        
reason]s :o1 be+ m influ5c$ & guid$ by !
 local facts & by ! symptoms1 ?an by !  
g5]al ph5om5a ( comp>ative pa?ology1    
might argue t su* or su* fact is oppos$ 

to our doctr9e4  ,9 a ^w1 !n1 typh\s    
diseases h _! types2 b ! liv+ be+ is    
subject$ to s _m diff]5t influ5ces1     
h]$it>y1 idiosyncratic1 climataic1      
hygi5ic1 c41 t by ! side ( "o subject   
go+ ?r\gh ! c\rse ( morbid ph5om5a )    
fatal regul>ity1 ano!r may be se5 9 :i* 
su* or su* functional d]angem5t is      
readily di/+ui%$4 ,?us 9 "s animals1    
pr$ispos$ !reto by prior disord]s1 !    
morbid action orig9ally propell$ t[>ds !
 *annels ( respiration w cont9ue to be  
mo/ sali5t2 & aft] dissection ! lungs w 
be conge/$ & emphysemat\s1 & ! inte/9es 
relatively b sc>cely alt]$4 ,! animal1  
inde$1 ?\gh bord]+ on typhus1 w s9k "u !
 effect ( functional d]angem5t 9 !      
brea?+ passages4 ,9 o!rs1 by ! influ5ce 
( "s p>ticul> pr$ispos+ cause1 disord]s 
( ! n]v\s c5tres w be signaliz$2 a      
c]ebral & sp9al pa9s w be intol]able1   
delirium w quickly ensue1 & ! asphyxiat$
 pati5t1 if a man1 w succumb 9 ! c\rse (
 a few days2 or if an ox1 he w be wild &
 ungov]nable1 & !n fall z if ?und]/ruck1

 fa/5$ to 8 /all4 ,f9ally1 9 o!r cases1 
^! fir/ two phases ( ! di/emp] w n prove
 fatal1 ! inte/9al injuries w pursue _! 
c\rse1 & ! affect$ animals w n die until
 ! ?ird p]iod4  ,z we h se51 ! morbid   
ph5om5a may be diff]5t1 al?\gh !        
affection cont9ues ! same2 ! typhoid    
fev] or ! typhus be+ nev]!less !        
ess5tial disease :i* prevails4  ,^!     
g5]alities1 to "s read]s1 may appe>     
irrelevant1 b let !m n be mi/ak52 !y h a
 claim to our notice1 & are really      
important4 ,!y %[1 inde$1 t indep5d5t ( 
! prev5tive treatm5t1 :i* is an absolute
 rule 9 ! case ( virul5t1 contagi\s1 &  
non-recurr+ diseases1 ! treatm5t ( !    
disease itself1 :5 x has decl>$ itself1 
& :5 x pursues its c\rse1 _c be ! same =
 e pati5t2 & t1 moreov]1 ?is treatm5t   
mu/ v>y 9 ! diff]5t phases ( ! disease1 
z physicians & vet]9>ians are well aw>e4
  ,^! g5]alities1 likewise1 expla9 !    
v>i\s diseases--viz41 ^? 9 :i* ! animals
 bl5d toge!r ! typh\s & exan!matic      
diseases4 ,! measles & ! sc>let fev]1   

affect+ ! ext]nal or int]nal membranes1 
are l ! fir/ /eps ( ^! maladies2 !y are 
g5]ally slight1 & we h b to wat* ov] !  
progress ( ! symptoms1 & to assi/       
nature1 :i*1 ) few exceptions1 br+s all 
?+s to a fav\rable issue4  ,^! disord]s1
 :i* are relatively slight & d n provoke
 9 ! economy any ( ^? *anges :i* 9 "s   
sort trans=m ! con/itution1 are n       
absolutely pro( aga9/ relapse4 ,!y lead 
u rationally & by degrees to ! m        
infecti\s & contagi\s diseases1 to !    
common typhus2 !re=e x is unnecess>y to 
apply ! prev5tive treatm5t to !m1 t be+ 
exclusively res]v$ = ! latt]4  ,let x !n
 be well und]/ood1 t ! typhus ( ! ox1 ! 
/udy ( :i* we are ab\t to ent] ^u1 may  
v>y 9 its symptoms & po/-mortem         
appe>ances1 )\t los+ !reby ! *>act]i/ic 
m>k :i* r5d]s x a ?or\ghly di/9ct1 &1 9 
! pres5t day1 a ?or\ghly well kn[n      
di/emp]4  ,n[ t ! read] possesses ^!    
g5]al notions ( ! ,contagi\s ,typhus1 we
 %all be able to speak to him 9 a       
language :i* he w und]/&1 & give a      

def9ition :i* he w be able to judge &   
appreciate4  ,! typhus ( ! ox1 !n1 is a 
virul5t1 contagi\s1 febrile1 &          
non-recurr+ disease1 ) /upor & d]angem5t
 ( ! n]v\s1 respiratory1 & dige/ive     
functions2 leav+ v>i\s *anges 9 !       
respective organs ( ^! functions1 &     
*iefly 9 ! inte/9es4  ,?is new def9ition
 seems to u to be m fai?ful & j ?an ^?  
hi!rto giv52 & ?is1 if ne$$1 we c\ld    
demon/rate4  ,i d n disguise f myself t 
"s ( ! op9ions express$ 9 ^! g5]alities 
may1 at fir/ sight1 appe> /range &      
liable to objection4 ,?us1 x may be     
argu$ t inoculation z a prev5tive       
treatm5t ( typh\s maladies is f> f be+ a
 g5]al law1 applicable to e case2 s9ce 9
 ,russia1 = in/ance1 :]e ?is inoculation
 is practis$ e day1 x completely fails 9
 c]ta9 =eign h]ds1 & !y die ( !         
consequ5ces ( ! op]ation2 & t ?is1      
!re=e1 might happ5 9 ,engl&4  ,to ^!    
objections we w\ld reply1 fir/1 z reg>ds
 ! novelty ( op9ions express$1 t we h   
tak5 up ! p51 because we _h to write    

some?+ diff]5t f :at has already be5    
publi%$ 9 kn[n works1 o!rwise x w\ld h  
be5 our duty to rema9 sil5t2 & secondly1
 z reg>ds ! inefficacy ( inoculation1 t 
organic & vital ph5om5a h _! pr9ciples &
 _! laws1 :i* are fix$ & inv9cible1 f   
:i* x is reasonable to d$uce consequ5ces
 & positive rules ( conduct1 :i* _c     
yield to sup]annuat$ op9ions or         
imp]fectly execut$ exp]im5ts4 ,to       
in/itute exp]im5ts inde$ "u ! rigor\s   
conditions ( a logical & irrefutable    
demon/ration1 is n s easy a matt] z may 
g5]ally be ?\ght4  ,= our "p1 !         
pr9ciples d$uc$ f /rict obs]vation are !
 basis on :i* we build1 & if x s *ance t
 we are baffl$ 9 our exp]im5ts we v>y !m
 indef9itely2 & if /ill we are deceiv$ 9
 our hopes1 we ascribe ! misc>riage to  
our impot5ce1 to inadequate means1 & to 
! defective in/rum5ts :i* ! physical &  
*emical sci5ces1 /ill 9 _! cradle z     
reg>ds organic matt]1 supply = our use4 
,above all1 we wi% x to be              
rememb]$--,scribo nec ficta1 nec picta1 

s$ qu ratio1 s5sus1 et exp]i5tia doc5t4 
,,*apt] ,,ii4  ,! ,orig9 & ,causes ( !  
,ox ,typhus4   ,i4  ,i h drawn my       
conclusions z to ! prev5tive treatm5t ( 
typhus 9 ! ox1 f ! k ,i _h acquir$ ( its
 morbid ph5om5a1 its nature1 & its      
non-recurr5ce2 & x is a logical d$uction
 q z accurate z c\ld be ! result ( a    
syllogism4 ,! /udy ( ! orig9 ( ?is      
typhus1 & ( ! causes by :i* x is g5]at$ 
& spread abroad1 w supply u ) additional
 argum5ts to su/a9 ?is d$uction1 z well 
z ^? signs & indications :i* are ! v    
f\ndation ( curative treatm5t4 ,!       
description ( ! disease w contribute to 
! same result2 = ! rational treatm5t ( a
 di/emp] c be d]iv$ only f a k ( all !  
ph5om5a :i* occasion x1 ( ! functional  
d]angem5ts1 & ( ! alt]ations obs]v$ 9   
bodies aft] dea?4  ,i wi% p>ticul>ly to 
say at once1 9 ent]+ ^u ! subject (     
etiology1 t ! special works :i* treat ( 
x conta9 precise in=mation z to ! causes
 & orig9 ( ! typhus 9 horn$ cattle2 & t 
! *ief organs ( ! press 9 e c\ntry--^?  

ephem]al encyclopdias 9 :i* un=tunately 
s mu* vital =ce & intellig5ce are       
dissipat$--h publi%$ articles ( ! highe/
 int]e/ on ?is subject4 ,x w\ld be      
physically impossible = me to beg9 aga9 
a bibliographical lab\r simil> to ! "o  
exhibit$ 9 ! ,fir/ ,"p1 9 ord] to af=d  
due ju/ice to ea* ( ^! public writ]s1 :o
 h met ! epizootia on ! conf9es ( _!    
c\ntry & f\ght h& to h& ) x4 ,?is "w is 
n susceptible ( s mu* enl>gem5t4 ,let x 
be well und]/ood1 t ,i claim no o!r m]it
 ?an t ( discuss+ ^! que/ions (         
etiology1 9 t ord] & ) t common s5se :i*
 fix ideas firmly 9 ! m9d--:i*1 if ,i   
may use ! t]m1 photograph !m on ^? p>ts 
( ! bra9 allott$ to ! memory & judgm5t2 
also ( draw+ f kn[n & admitt$ facts m   
rational & practical conclusions ?an ^? 
:i* h be5 curr5t up to ! pres5t "t4     
,mu* has be5 already said & argu$ on !  
orig9 ( ! contagi\s typhus :i* affects !
 ox2 "s adh]+ exclusively to ! special  
conditions obs]vable 9 ! bre$ ( ^? ox5  
:i* are re>$ & f$ on ! /eppes ( ,russia 

& ,hung>y2 o!rs1 m reasonably1 z x seems
 to u1 ascrib+ x to ! hygi5ic conditions
 g5]ally1 t is to say1 to ! climate1 !  
season1 ! fe$+1 c41 c41 amid/ :i* ^!    
animals are liv+4  ,all ^! discussions  
^u :at has be5 said & argu$ on ?is      
subject h be5 v useful4 ,=1 _h x be5    
rigidly prov$ t ! ox5 ( ! /eppes1 by "s 
peculi> organization1 c>ry )9 !m ^? g]ms
 or physiological elem5ts :i* at giv5   
times become ! leav5 ( ! di/emp]1 &1 at 
a subsequ5t p]iod1 ! elem5ts ( !        
contagion1 !n1 inde$1 a fact ( capital  
importance & prom95t au?ority w\ld h be5
 e/abli%$1 & ! att5tion ( all m5 int]e/$
 9 ^! inquiries w\ld h be5 exclusively  
conc5trat$ on t p>ticul> race ( animals 
& on ^? c\ntries smitt5 ) ! curse1 9    
ord] to arre/ & conf9e ! disease )9 its 
"o & only focus4  ,! support]s ( ?is    
!ory1 conc]n+ ! fir/ circumscrib$ orig9 
( ! typhus1 ma9ta9 t all ! epizootics ^:
 deplorable hi/ory we h giv5 9 ! fir/ "p
 ( ?is "w1 h _h no o!r g5]ative causes  
?an ! propagation ( ! compla9t1 born &  

begott5 on ! banks ( ! ,wolga & !       
,danube1 & subsequ5tly convey$ to !     
diff]5t p>ts ( ! e>? by ! emigration ( !
 cattle4 ,& 9 ?is mann]1 too1 !y h      
acc\nt$ = ! appe>ance ( ! typhus 9 ,s\? 
,am]ica1 9 ,africa1 & 9 ,asia4  ,s9ce   
?is doctr9e on ! orig9 ( ! typhus has   
be5 conceiv$ & ma9ta9$ by m5 ( a high   
ord] ( und]/&+1 we mu/ suppose t !y _h  
be5 /ruck & conv9c$ by important facts &
 s]i\s reasons2 & z x w\ld be unfair to 
oppose a pla9 d5ial to an op9ion n[ s   
g5]ally adopt$1 we are b\nd to say 9 :at
 mann] ^! au?ors ju/ify _! views1 aft]  
:i* we %all endeav\r to refute !m4  ,!  
p>tisans ( ! circumscrib$ orig91 :o make
 x dep5d exclusively on ! peculi>       
organization ( ! race ( ! /eppes1 h bas$
 _! argum5t1 p]emptory & unansw]able z  
!y imag9e1 on ! prime fact1 t x has     
always be5 possible to trace ! diffusion
 ( ! typhus 9 a giv5 c\ntry1 to "s sick 
animal ( ! /eppes convey$ to t k+dom4 ,9
 ?is mann] x is1 t !y expla9 ! g5]ation 
( ! epizootics :i* h s frequ5tly wa/$ ! 

cont95t ( ,europe4 ,on :atev] po9t ( !  
globe !y may appe>1 ?is1 & only ?is1 is 
! s\rce ( _! exi/5ce4 ,! isolat$        
position ( ,great ,brita9 is made to    
support _! argum5ts4 ,behold1 !y        
exclaim1 ,great ,brita91 :i*1 ?anks to  
its surr\nd+ seas1 has escap$ mo/ ( !   
epizootics :i* h desolat$ ,france &     
,g]many dur+ ! e>ly "p ( ! n9ete5?      
c5tury4 ,nay1 m1 ! pres5t visitation ( !
 di/emp] is also seiz$ ^u to su/a9 _!   
!ory1 s9ce c]ta9 ox51 natives ( !       
/eppes1 appe> to h import$ x into       
,london4  ,we mu/ add1 t no?+ is want+ 9
 ord] to prove ?is ass]tion2 = !y relate
 ) p]fect regul>ity1 & /ep by /ep1 !    
c\rse tak5 by ! contagion2 !y specify ! 
"t occupi$ on its passage1 & ev5 ! names
 ( ! infect$ vessels :i* h ?us import$ !
 pr9ciple ( ! typhus4  ,x mu/ be admitt$
 t all ! facts ?us /at$ are             
indisputable2 we ackn[l$ge z true1 t !  
bov9e race ( ! /eppes has convey$ into  
o!r c\ntries ! contagi\s g]ms ( !       
disease2 we admit t its dissem9ation may

 be ?us acc\nt$ =4  ,b to admit ?is     
fact1 & to draw f x ! conclusion t !    
bov9e race ( ! /eppes alone is capable1 
by "s p>ticul> & di/9ct organization1 ( 
develop+ ! orig9al typhus ( ! ox1 & t   
?is typhus has no o!r focus on ! e>? ?an
 ! banks ( ! ,dniep] & ! ,don1 does n   
appe> to u a s\nd logical d$uction4 ,&  
z1 if ?is conclusion 7 positively       
recognis$1 we might see b "o side ( !   
evil1 & d$uce v s]i\s consequ5ces       
!refrom1 x is necess>y to receive ^!    
facts = :at !y are wor?1 & no m4  ,let u
 fir/ obs]ve1 t ^? writ]s :o ascribe !  
contagi\s typhus to ! race ( ,s\!rn     
,russia1 d n take into consid]ation !   
epizootics ( ?is typhus1 ! acc\nt ( :i* 
has be5 h&$ d[n to u by ! anci5t au?ors 
( ,greece & ,rome2 & t !y ref] j z      
little to ^? :i* are q z frequ5t 9 !    
republics ( ,s\? ,am]ica z on ! banks ( 
! ,dniep]4 ,= ev5 if we all[ t once1 &  
only once1 "o ( ^! epizootics may be    
trac$ to ! arrival ( a %ip conta9+ ox5  
br\ght f ! /eppes1 h[1 on ! o!r h&1 c we

 believe t all o!r epizootics h _h su* a
 =tuit\s cause to g5]ate x2 consequ5tly1
 ! typhus1 9 ^! cases1 mu/ h be5 locally
 develop$ & diffus$ among ,am]ican      
cattle8  ,moreov]1 we seek 9 va9 = !    
reasons :i* w\ld au?orize u to assign to
 ! bov9e race ( ! /eppes a p>ticul>     
organization1 r5d]+ x alone fit to      
eng5d] ! typhus4 ,b let u grant = a     
mom5t1 t ! ,russian & ,hung>ian ox5     
con/itute a peculi> race1 z _! framework
 & ! l5g? ( _! horns w\ld seem to imply2
 ?is mu* be+ conc$$1 x /ill rema9s to be
 %[n 9 :at respect _! anatomical &      
physiological /ructure diff]s f t ( o!r 
animals to su* an ext5t z to r5d] !m    
alone liable to orig9ate ?is fatal      
typhus4  ,oh6 if x 7 true t ! bov9e race
 ( ! /eppes alone c\ld eng5d] ! typhus6 
we w\ld hail ! fact ) joy1 & w\ld %[ )\t
 mu* ex]tion ( reason+ t1 9 t case1 we  
possess$ n only ! means ( prev5t+ !     
disease by inoculat+ s\nd & heal?y      
cattle1 b ! f> m important means (      
sweep+ x = ev] f ! e>?1 by at once      

ext]m9at+ t curs$ race1 smitt5 ) !      
orig9al pr$isposition ( ?is plague2 & z1
 aft] all1 ! murd]\s sc\rge ( ! typhus (
 ! /eppes has already co/1 & may p]haps 
cont9ue to co/ ! v>i\s nations ( ! ,old 
,_w millions ^u millions1 !y w\ld feel t
 _! mo/ urg5t int]e/ w\ld be to come to 
an und]/&+ 7nor w\ld ! sacrifice be too 
mu* = _! res\rces7 s z to de/roy &      
extirpate ! evil at its orig9al s\rce4  
,!re w\ld !n be no difficulty 9 rais+ up
 a new bre$ ( cattle 9 ^? c\ntries1 by  
transport+ to x ^? ( o!r nations free f 
! infection4  ,b :o does n und]/& t ?is 
h]oic sacrifice w\ld be illusory1 & t ! 
=eign races1 modifi$ 9 "t 9 ?is new     
m$ium1 w\ld reg5]ate ! typhus2 s t !    
d\ble sacrifice ( ext]m9ation &         
indemnity w\ld h be5 made to no purpose8
  ,we wi% we c\ld adopt ?is hypo!sis1 s 
simple & s consolatory1 ( ! circumscrib$
 orig9 ( ! typhus1 & its exclusive      
propagation ?r\gh ! race ( ! /eppes2 b  
our m9d is altoge!r oppos$ to t view1 & 
= ! foll[+ reasons1 among/ o!rs3--  ,if 

! bov9e race ( ! /eppes alone c\ld      
produce ! typhic virus1 by reason ( a   
p>ticul> organization :i* is ! prime    
condition ( its exi/5ce1 ?is race alone 
w\ld ( necessity be fit to receive its  
ta9t by ! influ5ce ( contagion4 ,b if ! 
o!r animals ( ! same species1 z         
un=tunately too surely happ5s1 c receive
 ! pr9ciple ( ! disord]1 develop !      
ailm5t1 & die ( its effects1 !n !       
reason+ ( our oppon5ts is faulty f its  
s\rce2 & x mu/ be admitt$ t all horn$   
cattle are apt to g5]ate ! typhic virus 
9 ^? c\ntries :i* af=d ! conditions (   
its production1 & t ?is exclusive       
pr$isposition z x is call$1 attribut$ to
 ! race inhabit+ ! /eppes1 is simply a  
*im]a4  ,b argum5ts are seldom exhau/$  
ev5 to def5d a bad cause1 & x is object$
 t ! fact t all ox5 may contract !      
typhus transmitt$ by ! contact ( animals
 f "o to ano!r1 does n prove t ! orig9al
 pr$isposition is ! same 9 e race2 & !y 
p]si/ 9 ma9ta9+--#a/1 t ! typhus ( !    
/eppes is alone able orig9ally to beget 

! disease2 #bnd1 t hav+ ?us begott5 &   
produc$ x1 x becomes1 aft] ?is organic  
conception1 apt to be transmitt$ to e   
animal1 & fit to be assimilat$ ) !m4    
,to ^! subtleties & argum5tative        
ref9em5ts x w\ld be z easy = me to      
oppose ab/ract reason+s equally /rong1 z
 x w\ld h be5 = ! ,jans5i/s & ,moll9i/s1
 _h x s *anc$ t !y _h be5 drawn into a  
debate on ! orig9 & nature ( ! virus ( !
 plague :i* c>ri$ (f ,jans5ius4 ,b let u
 conf9e ourselves to s]i\s facts &      
conclude--  #a/4 ,t we h no pro( ( any  
anatomical & physiological diff]5ce 9 ! 
hum\rs or 9 ! blood--t is to say1 9 !   
organic1 intimate1 & biological elem5ts 
( ! individuals :i* collectively        
con/itute ! bov9e species4  #bnd4 ,t we 
h a "r to believe1 t all horn$ cattle   
are apt to develop ! typhic virus :5 !y 
are plac$ )9 ! conditions requir$ = t   
effect--t is to say1 :5 !y are expos$ to
 ! special morbific causes :i* =m its   
condition s9e qu non1 & :i* are met ) on
 ! banks ( ^? great riv]s :i* wat]      

,s\!rn ,russia & ,hung>y1 9 ,africa1 on 
! banks ( ! ,nile1 9 ,s\? ,am]ica1 on ! 
m>g9s ( ! lakes1 & 9 :at are call$ hot  
climates1 c4   ,,ii4  ,b if ! orig9 ( ! 
typhus _c exclusively dep5d on ! peculi>
 organization ( c]ta9 individuals ( !   
bov9e species1 we mu/ inquire aft] &    
se>* = ! real causes :i* produce x4  ,we
 h expla9$ already1 9 ! ,fir/ ,"p1 :at  
alt]ations organic matt] und]goes 9     
g5]al1 :5 accid5tal causes happ5 to     
modify its organic elem5ts2 & we h po9t$
 out ! fact1 t ( all liv+ creatures     
h]bivor\s animals 7 ^? t (f]$ ! lea/    
vital resi/ance to ! causes ( disease & 
de/ruction4  ,?is unque/ionable fact be+
 tak5 = grant$1 let u n[ consid] "u :at 
conditions live ! multitud9\s h]ds (    
horn$ cattle :i* 9 ,russia & 9 ,s\?     
,am]ica are re>$ & support$ solely = !  
produce ( _! fle%1 & sometimes1 too1 = t
 ( _! hides4  ,! great bre$]s &         
proprietors fix ! numb] ( _! heads (    
cattle accord+ & 9 proportion to !      
quantity ( ! pa/ures1 b l o!r m51 !y    

mortgage ! future = _! b5efit )\t mak+  
due all[ance = accid5ts or extreme      
*anges ( wea!r1 z :5 ye>s ( unusual     
dr\ght succe$ ^? ( heavy ra92 s t ^!    
h]ds1 by ! s+le fact ( ^! extreme       
fluctuations 9 ! degrees ( temp]ature1  
are expos$ to a multiplicity ( causes   
productive ( disease4 ,! same nature :i*
 g5]ates life & heal? g5]ates disease & 
dissolution1 & :5 ! =m] are neglect$ !  
latt] w prevail4  ,9 ! prosp]\s & fav\r$
 c\ntries ( ! temp]ate zone1 su* z      
,engl& & ,france1 ^! extreme v>iations 9
 ! seasons1 :i* are always ! cause ( a  
defici5cy or alt]ation 9 ! production ( 
fodd]1 are equally ! cause ( ! num]\s   
epizootics :i* attack all ! h]bivor\s   
species1 & p>ticul>ly ^? to :i* ox5 fall
 victims1 su* z ! tum\r\s typhus 7le    
typhus *>bonneux71 ! s-call$ aph?\s     
fev]1 ! contagi\s p]ipneumonia 7:i* is n
 liable to return & is prev5t$ by       
inoculation71 p>asitical cutane\s       
disease4  ,b 9 less fav\r$ c\ntries1 9  
^? :i* are damp1 argillace\s1 swampy1   

inundat$ by ! ov]fl[s ( _! lakes &      
riv]s1 or by ! reflux ( ! sea1 !re is   
deposit$ a slimy or bracki% wat]1 :i* a 
tempor>y torrid heat aft]w>ds causes to 
f]m5t2 & !n a sup]abundance ( life1 a   
teem+ vegetation1 spr+s up 9 all        
directions4 ,9 ! mid/ ( ?is sw>m+       
vitality live & ?rive an inf9ity (      
worms1 maggots1 animalcul1 insects1     
mollusca1 fi%1 reptiles1 birds1 c42 &   
"h1 too1 all ^! creatures die & decay1  
:5 ?is slime1 ! prolific s\rce (        
g5]ations :i* we might look ^u z        
spontane\s1 beg9s to dry up &           
dis9tegrate4 ,!n f ^! organic vegetable 
& animal matt]s1 9 a /ate (             
decomposition1 escape ^? delet]i\s      
gases1 su* z hydrog51 c>bonic oxide1    
nitrog51 c>bonic acid1 sulphurett$      
hydrog51 & ev5 phosphorett$ hydrog54    
,(t5 to all ^! causes ( infection are   
add$ myriads ( gras%opp]s1 :i* cov] !   
gr\nd1 :]e !y die1 aggravat+ ! mass (   
pe/if]\s vap\r :i* fills ! atmosph]e4   
,f9ally1 ! wat] :i* slakes ! ?ir/ ( !   

h]ds ( cattle is corrupt$2 ! plants on  
:i* !y fe$ di/il poisons2 ! air1 ! wat]1
 & ! plants1 c>ry )9 !m a pr9ciple (    
v5om & dea?4 ,aft] ?is1 h[ c we be      
surpris$ if ?is flood ( putrid          
emanations is trans=m$ into a contagi\s 
typhic virus1 ^: subtle & pe/il5tial    
effluvia are convey$ by ! ox to         
consid]able di/ances8  ,9 f9e1 let u    
recapitulate 9 our m9ds all ! causes (  
de/ruction to :i* ^! passive creatures  
are expos$1 & we %all ackn[l$ge t !re is
 no necessity to attribute to !m a      
peculi> organization 9 ord] to und]/& ! 
developm5t ( ! typhus1 :i*1 at a giv5   
mom5t1 cuts !m all (f2 & t 9 ! deltas ( 
! diff]5t c\ntries1 z well 9 ,asia1     
,africa1 & ,am]ica1 z 9 ,europe1 are to 
be f\nd ^? conditions ( infecti\s       
disease :i* we h describ$4 ,9 ^! causes1
 & only 9 ^! causes1 or 9 ^? :i*        
resemble !m1 w rational m5 seek = !     
pr9ciple ( ! contagi\s typhus 9 ! bov9e 
race4  ,moreov]1 :o is !re :o does n    
und]/& t :at is true ) reg>d to *ol]a is

 likewise applicable to ?is contagi\s   
typhus8 ,! *ol]a1 = causes analog\s to  
^!1 subject to ! p>ticul> /ate ( ! soil1
 is g5]at$1 n exclusively1 x is true1 b 
mo/ frequ5tly1 on ! banks ( ! ,ganges1 9
 ! same mann] z ! contagi\s typhus is   
develop$ 9 c]ta9 c\ntries :]e its       
natural focus is f\nd4  ,! race (       
animals :i* exi/s on ?is deadly &       
de/ructive soil is an in/rum5t (        
incubation = typhus1 n 9 consequ5ce ( _!
 peculi> /ructure1 b because !          
conditions "u :i* !y live condemn !m to 
?is fate4   ,,iii4  ,n[ ! bre$+ (       
cattle1 & ! fe$+ & fatt5+ ( !m = !      
m>ket1 con/itute a bran* ( indu/ry--a   
great int]e/4 ,!y all h to be remov$1   
convey$ to v>i\s di/ances1 & sold2 s t  
?is traffic becomes a new cause to be   
add$ to all ^? :i* fo/]1 develop &      
propagate ! di/emp]4  ,9 prosp]\s times1
 :5 ! seasons1 con=mably ) our wi%es1 h 
pursu$ a c\rse :i* we call regul> 7= we 
are fa9 to believe t ! planets turn on  
_! axes on our acc\nt71 & :5 ! cattle   

f9d ! gr\nd cov]$ ) ri* pa/ures1 &      
limpid /reams--conditions :i* are       
em95tly fav\rable 9 !mselves1 ?\gh 9    
,hung>y x is necess>y to add gum1 salt1 
m9]al wat]1 & ars5ic acid1 be=e ! heal? 
( ^! animals is satisfactory1--!n !     
cattle bre$]s make _! sordid            
calculations1 & select ! heads ( cattle 
int5d$ = sale4  ,) animals1 z ) man1    
heal? is b relative1 n absolute2 !      
heal?ie/ 9 appe>ance (t5 be>+ )9 its    
frame ! fatal pr9ciple ( no di/ant dea?4
 ,fatness n be+ by any means a sure sign
 ( vital /r5g?1 _m ( ^! cumb]some bea/s1
 ?\gh seem+ly 9 good & s\nd condition1  
conta9 9 _! sy/ems1 9 v>i\s /ages (     
incubation1 ! ta9t$ leav5 ( contagi\s   
affections1 su* z p]ipneumonia1 or ev5 !
 typhus itself4  ,b1 reg>dless ( ?is    
liability1 _! sale & migration are      
resolv$ ^u at l5g?4 ,hi!rto ^! h>mless  
creatures h liv$ 9 ! mo/ p]fect /illness
 & retirem5t4 ,_! calm1 monoton\s life  
has be5 z regul> z ! c\rse ( "t2 nev] by
 a s+le pulsation h _! he>ts exce$$ !   

wont$ numb] p] m9ute2 !y are all gift$ )
 a n]v\s s5sibility ( :i* ! vulg> h no  
notion4 ,"s fav\r$ few h felt ! sympa?y 
( fri5d%ip = ! h]dsman :o t5d$ !m1 & = !
 companions ) :i* !y f$4 ,!y h be5      
lead]s ( _! own h]d1 !y h m>*$ at _!    
head2 !y h giv5 ! signal :5 to seek     
%elt] b5ea? ! trees1 or :5 to repair to 
! brook4 ,!y h lov$ ! fields amid/ :i*  
!y h gr[n & ?riv54 ,"s ( !m1 re>$ & f$  
b5ea? ! dome/ic ?at*1 7 grateful = ! c>e
 !y _h receiv$2 _! ma/] 0 ende>$ to !m1 
!y w\ld run to meet 8 com+1 answ] to _! 
"n1 & lick 8 h& ) fondness4  ,& x is !  
c\rse ( ?is tranquil1 ?is happy exi/5ce1
 t is ab\t to be brok5 abruptly4 ,x is  
?is creature1 ! patt]n ( g5tl5ess &     
goodness1 t we are go+ to treat l a heap
 ( ins5sible & in]t matt]--:i* we are   
go+ to subject to unutt]able torture6   
,& n[1 inde$1 ^! creatures are all at   
once h&$ ov] to ! savage guidance1 to ! 
?ongs & cudgels1 ( a h9d1 ^: cruelty    
keeps pace ) 8 /olid ignorance1 & :o    
abets 8 dogs to quick5 _! c\rse to !    

neighb\r+ m>ket4 ,f ?is mom5t1 half-f$ &
 a?ir/1 ^! poor animals are =c$ to make 
long j\rneys afoot2 or s9ce !           
con/ruction ( railways1 to be heap$     
toge!r confus$ly 9 a locomotive p54     
,!re1 ! %ak+1 ! sudd5 />ts1 ! friction (
 five hundr$ :eels on ! rails1 ! horrid 
snort+ ( ! eng9es1 al>m & t]rify !m to  
su* a degree z to turn ! :ole mass ( _! 
blood4  ,9 su* a /ate ( vital pro/ration
 or fev]i% excitem5t1 entire h]ds are   
c>ri$ to ! public m>kets or to annual   
fairs ) o!r animals1 & ne>ly all s5t to 
! %ambles4 ,b "s among/ !m are res]v$ = 
ano!r fate4 ,! females1 = in/ance1 are  
set ap>t to s]ve z mil* c[s2 & 9 ?is    
mann] !y c>ry ) !m into ! c[%$s1 :]e9 !y
 are receiv$1 ! ta9t ( ^? contagi\s     
di/emp]s1 ! g]ms ( :i* lay conceal$ 9 _!
 frames1 or :i* !y h contract$ f !      
companions ( _! j\rney4  ,"s ( ^! heads 
( cattle1 />t+ f ! /eppes ( ,russia1 h  
to travel five hundr$ miles 9 an op5    
cage1 less c>$ = & protect$ ?an bales ( 
m]*&ise1 expos$ to ! ra91 to ! heat ( ! 

sun1 to sudd5 *anges ( temp]ature1 to   
cold & cutt+ draughts1 increas$ by !    
rapid motion ( ! tra92--^! animals1     
f\nd]$1 pro/rate1 pant+ ) fev] & tortur+
 pa9s1 /ill h to und]go new trials1 if  
!y cross ! sea4 ,9 ?is case1 ! wret*$   
victims are viol5tly expell$ f !        
locomotive1 rock+ %$s ( ! railway2 a    
lea!rn /rap hang+ f a crane lifts !m    
into ! air1 & lets !m d[n into !        
mid-deck ( a %ip1 :]e !y are cr[d$ z    
closely toge!r z possible1 = "h1 too1   
space is v co/ly4 ,f9ally1 ! vessel gets
 "u way & pl\ghs ! ocean2 contr>y w9ds  
beat x ab\t 9 e direction1 & ^! poor    
creatures h to endure a new k9d (       
torture1 accompani$ by ! intol]able     
pangs ( sea-sickness2 & 9 ?is /ate x is 
t !y alight on ! ,briti% soil1 & are    
driv5 (f to ! diff]5t m>kets4  ,x is    
useless to expatiate at l5g? on ! /ate (
 g5]al d]angem5t & disease 9 :i* ^! ox5 
rea* _! f9al de/9ation4 ,"s among/ !m h 
endur$ = eight or n9e days ^!           
unspeakable tortures1 )\t be+ su/a9$ by 

n\ri%m5t--= no animal1 :5 8 spirits     
=sake him1 c assimilate 8 food amid/ all
 ?is physical suff]+ & s great a %ock to
 8 n]v\s sy/em4  ,let u "h decl>e t ^!  
animals1 ?\gh remov$ f _! mead[s ) all !
 signs & appe>ances ( s\nd heal?1 at a  
"t :5 a f9e season _h be5 productive (  
abundance1 & :5 no epizootia 0 rag+ 9 ! 
c\ntry :i* !y h left1 may nev]!less be> 
)9 !m ! ta9t ( contagi\s typhus2 & let u
 ask ourselves :at mu/ come to pass 9 ^?
 disa/r\s ye>s :5 ?is typhus prevails "u
 ! influ5ce ( ^? de/ructive causes :i* 7
 pass$ 9 review j n[1 & :5 ! ,russian & 
,hung>ian proprietors1 eag] to =e/all an
 inevitable g5]al calamity1 ha/5 to s5d 
(f to ,italy1 ,france1 ,holl&1 ,f9l&1 or
 to ! ports ( ,engl&1 _m animals already
 seiz$ ) typhus1 & ^: virus mu/ h       
acquir$ infecti\s prop]ties /ill m      
int5se & deadly "u ! influ5ce ( ! deep  
disquiet & commotion :i* ! removal &    
conveyance ( ^! animals1 "u conditions s
 deplorable1 mu/ h produc$ 9 _! frames4 
,su* are inde$ ! p]nici\s conditions 9  

:i* ox5 may be1 & (t5 are1 dispat*$ to  
,engl&2 & su* appe>s to be ! real cause 
( ! outbreak ( ! spread+ epizootia :i*  
we witness at ?is mom5t1 & :i* has      
creat$ s mu* al>m 9 s _m c\nties (      
,engl&4,b   ,,iv4  ,let u n[ consid] ?is
 contagi\s typhus 9 its de/ructive      
ext5sion ov] ! ,briti% soil2 let u /udy 
& exam9e ! causes ( its diffusion z !y  
pass "u our notice4  ,! moot$ "q (      
det]m9+ :e!r ! cattle typhus 0 orig9ally
 import$ f abroad1 or :e!r x broke out  
spontane\sly 9 ,engl&1 has be51 & /ill  
is1 a subject ( dubi\s debate among/ "s 
pr(essional m51 among/ ! lead+ writ]s ( 
! public j\rnals1 & also among/         
agriculturi/s & f>m]s4,c  ,&1 9 tru?1 ! 
propagation ( ! di/emp] is occasionally 
witness$ "u conditions s s+ul> & /rik+1 
t x seems to w>rant & supply argum5ts = 
e conceivable op9ion4  ,:5 ! disease 0  
recognis$ & id5tifi$ = ! fir/ "t on !   
#bd? ( ,june1 #ahfe1 public op9ion      
ascrib$ its appe>ance to contagion aris+
 f "s diseas$ c[s import$ f ,f9l&1 &    

:i*1 aft] be+ expos$ 9 ! ,isl+ton ,m>ket
 on ! #ai?1 7 sold & remov$ to ! c[%$s (
 a bre$] or dairyman4  ,we may obs]ve t1
 on he>+ ! intellig5ce ( ?is sudd5      
invasion1 ! public m9d1 :i* is s        
excitable 9 ,engl&1 did n disguise !    
indignation x felt aga9/ =eign c\ntries 
:i* _h be5 capable ( contam9at+ an isl& 
s advantage\sly situat$ & s well        
protect$1 & infect+ h] magnific5t h]ds1 
exub]ant ) heal?4 ,b aft] a clos]       
exam9ation ( ! facts1 & possibly al>m$1 
at ! s]i\s consequ5ces ( a ,cont95tal   
blockade :i* w\ld deprive ! ,unit$      
,k+dom1 n ( ! entire tw5ty or ?irty ?\s&
 live /ock1 su* z ox51 %eep1 pigs1 c41  
:i* !y receive e week1 b only ( ! eight 
or t5 ?\s& head ( cattle :i* are l&$    
weekly on _! coa/s to supply _! m>kets1 
public op9ion 0 appeas$4 ,b1            
un=tunately1 ?is national susceptibility
 n[ took ! opposite extreme2 & ! only   
causes x n[ saw 7 ! dirt & want (       
adequate v5tilation 9 ! metropolitan    
/ables & %$s2 & to ^! causes x          

attribut$1 fir/ ! g5]ation1 & !n !      
propagation or diffusion ( ! malady2 an 
op9ion :i* appe>$ all ! m natural &     
reasonable1 9 t ! ox5 & c[s ( ! grazi]s 
7 ! fir/ victims ( ! typhus4  ,we all "k
 h[ liable1 among all nations1 ! public 
m9d is to wav] & fluctuate1 & h[        
susceptible & op5 x is to new           
impressions dur+ fatal visitations &    
g5]al calamities2 nor c we feel ! lea/  
surprise at ! unc]ta9ty :i* has s long  
prevail$1 & /ill cont9ues1 z to ! real  
causes ( ! introduction ( ! bov9e typhus
 9 ,engl&4  ,let u !re=e exam9e ?is "q (
 etiology1 & try to discov] :at op9ion  
ought to prevail4  ,x is important to   
e/abli% at once two mat]ial facts :i*   
seem to u indisputable3  #a/4 ,t !      
contagi\s typhus 9 cattle :i* is kn[n to
 be p]man5t 9 ! s\!a/ ( ,europe1        
actually exi/$ !re dur+ ! mon? ( ,june1 
#ahfe2 #bnd1 ,t "s ( ! horn$ cattle1 f$ 
& re>$ 9 t "p ( ,europe1 7 transport$ to
 ,engl&1 aft] hav+ cross$ ?r\gh ,russia 
f s\? to nor?1 9 ord] to avoid pass+    

?r\gh ,g]many4  ,z = ! fir/ ( ^! facts1 
x is admitt$ & receiv$1 z might easily  
be prov$ by reproduc+ ! spee*es &       
addresses deliv]$ by ! vet]9>y doctors  
at ! ,congress n[ be+ held at ,vi5na1 & 
at :i* 7 pres5t ! m5 ^: exp]i5ce ( ?is  
cattle di/emp] gives !m ! highe/        
au?ority--,h]twig1 ,jess51 ,rll1        
,siegmund1 ,g]la*1 c4  ,! contagi\s     
typhus ( horn$ cattle is s fully 9 !    
epizootic /ate 9 ^? c\ntries :i* are    
wa%$ by ! ,black ,sea1 t x 0 en\gh = !  
vet]9>ians pres5t at ! ,congress to     
manife/ a desire to see cattle afflict$ 
) ?is disease1 = ! opportunity s to d to
 be imm$iately af=d$ !m4,d  ,?us1 !n1 ! 
fact is und5iable1 ! contagi\s typhus 0 
rag+1 9 ,june1 #ahfe1 9 ,hung>y &       
,russia1 z x rages !re at all times4  ,z
 = ! conveyance ( cattle f ^? c\ntries  
into ,engl&1 ! fact is no less c]ta9 &  
assur$4 ,x is well kn[n t a convoy (    
#cjj heads ( cattle1 proce$+ f !        
pa/ure-gr\nds ( ,hung>y & ,au/ria1 0    
transport$ into ,f9l& by rail1 &        

aft]w>ds %ipp$ at ,revel = ,engl&4      
,?anks to ! rapid locomotion by /eam1 ! 
migration ( ^! cattle _h la/$ b t5      
days--two days = ! transport by l&1 &   
eight days = ! passage by sea1 ?r\gh !  
tortu\s l9e ( ! ,baltic2 b ?is 0        
suffici5t l5g? ( "t = ! incubation to be
 produc$1 ev5 suppos+ ! animals to h    
look$ s\nd :5 _! transit began4         
,moreov]1 x is indubitable t ! m>kets ( 
?is immeasurable ,london h = _m ye>s be5
 suppli$ ) horn$ cattle f e c\ntry3 f   
,france1 ,holl&1 ,belgium1 ,podolia1    
,pol&1 ,prussia1 ,au/ria1 ,hung>y1 &    
,russia4  ,?us1 ! ,isl+ton ,m>ket 7!    
fact is assur$7 _h receiv$ horn$ cattle 
import$ f ! c\ntries :]e typhus is kn[n 
to be p]man5t4 ,7 ^! cattle ?us import$ 
affect$ ) ! typhus8 ,?is fact likewise  
is z c]ta9 z ! o!r1 s9ce two ( ! =eign  
c[s ?us import$1 7 ! fir/ to fall sick1 
& to die ( ?is typhus4  ,b if !         
contagi\s typhus ( horn$ cattle rages   
p]man5tly on ! banks ( ! /reams :i*     
dis*>ge !mselves into ! ,black ,sea1 &  

if ! bea/s re>$ 9 ^? c\ntries h long be5
 transport$ to ,engl& & o!r c\ntries1   
h[1 x w be ask$1 is x t ! disease has n 
brok5 out m frequ5tly1 = x has nev] be5 
se5 9 ,great ,brita91 at lea/1 dur+ !   
=m] "p ( ! n9ete5? c5tury8  ,?is "q is n
 devoid ( a c]ta9 degree ( importance1 &
 des]ves to fix our att5tion = a mom5t4 
,n[ ! conditions 9 :i* ! animals 7      
exhibit$ 9 #ahfc & #ahfd 7 precisely !  
same z ^? ( #ahfe1 be=e ! outbreak ( !  
disease2 & yet ! contagion has be5      
possible 9 #ahfe1 :il/ x 0 n s 9 #ahfc4 
,we d n presume to expla9 ! my/]i\s     
ph5om5a :i* gov]n ! developm5t (        
epidemics & epizootics2 b x seems to u n
 altoge!r impossible to give a rational 
& satisfactory elucidation ( ! facts4   
,9 g5]al1 9 epizootics1 & ,i might ev5  
say 9 "s p>ticul> epidemics--9 t ( !    
typhus1 = in/ance--?ree connect$ &      
insep>able facts =m ! condition s9e qu  
non1 ( ! g5]ation ( ! disease4 ,fir/1 a 
focus = produc+ ! virus2 secondly1 = !  
mo/ "p a fav\rable soil1 & a special    

pr$isposition among/ animals to receive 
& propagate x2 ?irdly1 :at is call$ an  
epidemic or epizootic g5ius--t is to    
say1 a p>ticul> /ate ( ! atmosph]ic     
elem5ts1 or ! air1 :i* hi!rto has escap$
 our analyses1 & ^: morbific prop]ties  
v>y 9 _! degrees ( int5sity4 ,?us !     
epizootic g5ius ( #agaa1 ! t]rible "o ( 
#agej1 & ! "o :i* n[ diffuses its       
contagi\s miasma1 h diff]$ 9 "s ( _!    
virul5t conditions4  ,h[ev] t may be1 x 
w be suffici5t to glance back at ! pa/  
to assure ourselves t1 9 g5]al1         
epizootics h be5 co9cid5t ) "s viol5t   
*ange ( season1 su* z extreme dr\ghts1  
or sup]abundant ra9s2 t is to say1 :5 ! 
cattle1 di/urb$ 9 ! physiological       
conditions ( _! heal?1 h become         
fav\rable to ! incubation ( ! miasmatic 
leav5 scatt]$ ?r\gh ! air1 or else :5 ^!
 animals 7 liv+ "u irregul> conditions1 
& _h to endure unwont$ fatigues &       
privations1 z 9 ! folds ( campaign+     
armies1 = in/ance4  ,^! epizootics h    
appe>$ to dep5d n only on ! /ate ( !    

soil & ( ! heal? ( ! cattle1 b also 7we 
repeat x design$ly7 on an elem5t no less
 indisp5sable to ! propagation ( !      
disease--a special /ate ( ! air1 :i*    
fav\rs ! developm5t & pres]vation (     
typhic miasma3 = sometimes a sudd5 *ange
 ( temp]ature has prov$ suffici5t to /op
 ! rampant progress ( ! contagion1 ! o!r
 conditions rema9+ unalt]$4  ,^!        
relations ( cause & effect betwe5 !     
contagi\s pr9ciple1 ! pr$isposition ( ! 
animals1 & ! /ate ( ! atmosph]e1        
evid5tly are subject to "s exceptions2 b
 we mu/ all[ t 9 ! pres5t epizootic !y  
are absolutely & completely applicable4 
,=1 9 tru?1 ! ye>s #ahfd & #ahfe h be5  
di/+ui%$1 if n by ! p]si/5cy ( a high   
rate ( temp]ature n (t5 witness$1 at    
lea/ by an excessive dr\ght dur+ ! mon?s
 :i* are bo? hot & ra9y2 & ?is has      
happ5$ 9 ! v>i\s c\ntries ( ,europe1    
!reby produc+ a fall+ (f 9 ! pa/ure &   
fodd] bo? z respects _! quantity &      
quality4  ,z to ,engl&1 a c\ntry usually
 cold & damp1 b r5[n$ = its spaci\s gre5

 fields & mead[s1 x has suff]$ m ?an any
 o!r c\ntry f ^! unfav\rable conditions1
 & _! de/ructive influ5ce on ! grass &  
corn2 ! h]ds hav+ f\nd a great r$uction 
( food :]e =m]ly !y met ) abundance4    
,ev]ybody has se51 z we h ourselves1    
l>ge h]ds ( cattle1 w&]+ 9 amazem5t f   
field to field1 & seek+ = some?+ to     
br[se on a p>*$ & arid soil4 ,a         
supplem5t>y provision ( corn1 roots1    
malt1 & ! gr\nds ( ! be] vat or _s      
b>rel1 no d\bt s]v$ to mitigate ! sad   
effects ( ^! privations on ! heal? (    
cattle2 b 9 spite ( all t c\ld be done1 
_! blood became impov]i%$1 _! /r5g? &   
vital resi/ance sank1 & 7l ! animals :i*
 we transf]r$ at w into a soil m        
fav\rable to ! spread ( p>asitic        
diseases71 !y af=d$ la/ ,june1 z !y d   
n[1 an unusual pr$isposition to suff] & 
trans=m ! morbific pr9ciples ( typhus1  
:i* 9 all probability !y w\ld h be5 pro(
 aga9/ at any o!r "t4 ,we may v fairly  
inf] ?is mu*1 = we mu/ ( necessity      
believe t ! regul> importation ( cattle 

f ^? c\ntries :i* are consid]$ z !      
p]man5t focus ( typhus1 has f "t to "t  
transport$ ! miasmatic g]ms ( ?is malady
 into ,engl&1 al?\gh ! virus did n take 
effect on ,briti% cattle at ^? p]iods1 =
 want ( "o or o!r ( ! conditions        
necess>y to its g5]ation & developm5t4  
,we may likewise inf]1 & a wat*ful      
appreciation ( ! facts conta9$ 9 !      
vet]9>y m$ical j\rnals w\ld %[ t ?is    
op9ion is n unf\nd$1 t ! special disease
 :i* con/itutes ?is typhus 7simil> 9 t  
respect to epidemic diseases71 may      
develop itself 9 "o bea/ by accid5t1    
spontane\sly1 sporadically--t is to say1
 )\t imm$iate contagion2 9 a ^w1 ap>t f 
^? epizootic conditions :i* alone r5d]  
its propagation possible4 ,to be brief1 
we ?9k t an isolat$ case ( cattle typhus
 may by *ance be detect$1 :5 !re is no  
epizootia prevail+ to acc\nt = x1 j z we
 occasionally meet ) cases ( typhus or  
*ol]a among m5 dur+ seasons absolutely  
free f ^! epidemics4 ,x w\ld n1 !re=e1  
appe> to u altoge!r impossible1 t "u !  

influ5ce ( v special conditions1 !      
contagi\s typhus ( ! ox might h its bir?
 9 ,engl&2 & ?is w\ld fav\r ! !ory ( ^? 
reason]s :o ma9ta9 t ?is typhus met ) ! 
fir/ causes1 & ! orig9 ( its developm5t1
 9 ! /alls & c[%$s ( ,london4 ,b su* has
 n be5 ! cause ( cattle typhus 9 !      
epizootia :i* we see at pres5t4  ,no    
d\bt "s animals suff]$ great privations1
 b1 :atev] alt]ation _! heal? may h     
su/a9$1 all ?is is no?+ to be comp>$ to 
! suff]+s endur$ by ! cattle 9 ! /eppes 
"u ! influ5ce ( delet]i\s conditions ( !
 mo/ exceptional "*1 :i* d1 inde$1 give 
bir? to ?is typhus1 & :i* we h already  
describ$4  ,no1 c]ta9ly n6 ,no?+        
au?orizes u to believe t ! typhus n[ "u 
our obs]vation 0 br$ & born1 at fir/1 )9
 ! /alls & c[%$s ( ,london4 ,x 0 mo/    
assur$ly import$4 ,b x is true1         
nev]!less1 t ?is cruel sc\rge f\nd !    
horn$ cattle ( ,engl& pr$ispos$ to      
receive x1 & x likewise met ) atmosph]ic
 conditions fav\rable to its subsequ5t  
diffusion2 9 a ^w1 x met ) ! epizootic  

g5ius prop] = ! g5]ation & propagation (
 ! typhus miasma4  ,x is ?us t we may   
acc\nt = & reconcile ! two cont5d+      
!ories1 "o ( :i* ref]s ! cause ( ?is    
typhus to =eign importation1 :il/ ! o!r 
insi/s t x orig9at$ 9 ! fil?y &         
half-v5tilat$ c[%$s ( ! metropolis4  ,b 
if ?is typhus c\ld n spr+ up            
spontane\sly out ( ! bov9e race (       
,engl&1 x mu/ be confess$ t1 indep5d5tly
 ( ! g5]al pr$isposition due to a great 
& protract$ dr\ght1 x f\nd 9 ! sick5+   
%$s ( ! metropolitan & c\ntry cattle !  
mo/ fav\rable conditions = its          
incubation & subsequ5t diffusion4  ,x   
w\ld1 inde$1 be difficult to conceive ( 
any?+ m directly adv]se to ! hygi5ic    
laws ( heal? 9 cattle ?an ! /alls & %$s 
dott$ ov] ! d5sely populat$ di/ricts (  
,london4 ,mo/ ( ^! p5t-up cribs are     
situat$ 9 n>r[ lanes & y>ds1 9 fil?y    
/reets & bl9d alleys2 & )9 ^! close1    
hot1 & /eam+ receptacles ! mis]able c[s1
 press$ aga9/ ea* o!r1 )\t ev] mov+ a   
limb1 wa/e away & become ph?isical 9 a v

 %ort space ( "t4 ,we may readily imag9e
 :at a prey to ! contagion mu/ be af=d$ 
by ^! animals1 already m or less ail+1  
"s ( :i* are f$ 9 a great measure on    
malt1 s s\r & acrid t ! v smell ( x is  
intol]able4 ,! milk f ^! c[s is1        
moreov]1 ( s wret*$ a quality1 t 9 a    
c[h\se conta9+ #dh ( ^! poor creatures1 
at ,k5s+ton1 ,i f\nd only "o1 ! milk (  
:i* exhibit$ ! ta/e & quality fit = a   
sick *ild1 = :om ,i ord]$ a milk diet4  
,x is n1 !re=e1 to be wond]$ at t !     
pres5t epizootia1 dur+ ?is late tropical
 season,e especially1 %\ld h met ) all !
 conditions mo/ conducive to its        
developm5t & propagation4  ,:5 ! cattle 
di/emp] fir/ broke out1 ! grazi]s1 n    
suspect+ its gravity1 attempt$ to treat 
! animals !mselves1 b soon aft]w>ds     
p]ceiv+ ! fruitlessness ( all _! rem$ial
 measures1 !y felt t ! be/ ?+ !y c\ld d 
0 to turn _! sick bea/s to :atev] acc\nt
 !y c\ld1 by driv+ !m to m>ket or to !  
slaught]-h\ses1 an exp$i5t :i* !y 7 ! m 
dispos$ to adopt1 inasmu* z ! diseas$   

c[s _h ceas$ to give milk4 ,& !n1 !     
removal ( ^! animals1 9 v>i\s /ages ( ! 
disord]1 became ! mo/ rapid means (     
dissem9at+ ! contagion1 :i*1 _h x be5   
conc5trat$ & p5t-up at fir/ )9 its n>r[ 
focus1 w\ld o!rwise h spread ) less     
fe>ful havoc4,f  ,9 ! mean:ile ! sick   
c[s be+ comm+l$ ) ?\s&s ( heads ( cattle
 expos$ = sale at ! diff]5t m>kets1     
communicat$ f> & wide ! pr9ciple ( !    
disease2 & z a c]ta9 numb] ( ^! animals 
rema9+ unsold 7 driv5 back to ! f>ms1   
into /alls until !n remov$ f e cause (  
contagion1 !y introduc$ among _! s\nd   
companions ! fatal g]ms ( ! di/emp]2 &  
z1 aga91 ?is effectual means ( propagat+
 ! evil 0 repeat$ sev]al times 9 ! same 
week1 ! consequ5ce 0 t1 by ! end (      
,july--a little m ?an a mon? aft] !     
outbreak--! :ole ( ! s\? ( ,engl& 0 9 "s
 sort contam9at$4 ,!nce ! contagion     
ext5d$ to ! nor? ( ! k+dom1 & pass$ into
 ,scotl&2 s t1 at pres5t1 !             
cattle-typhus has spread its            
ramifications ov] a great numb] ( !     

c\nties ( ,great ,brita94,g  ,9 ! fir/  
in/ance1 ! contagion spread f animal to 
animal by means ( an infect+ influ5ce 9 
"s degree direct1 among cattle %elt]$   
b5ea? ! same ro(1 or collect$ 9 sw>ms )9
 ! same m>kets4 ,b v soon ! air itself 0
 impregnat$ & pollut$ by ! vaporization 
& diffusion ( ! typhic miasma2 & h]ds ( 
cattle :i* _h no contact1 ei!r direct or
 indirect1 ) infect$ animals1 7 se5 to  
be ta9t$ ) ! di/emp]4 ,:e!r ?is         
contam9ation 0 produc$ by ! passage (   
atta9t$ cattle along ! public roads     
7hav+ fields on ! "r & left71 or        
o!rwise1 no?+ b an absolute isolation1  
an utt] impossibility ( contact1 appe>$ 
to (f] a p]fect immunity aga9/ ! spread 
( ! evil4  ,! miasma1 cond5s$ by ! fogs 
& transport$ 9 all directions by ! w9ds1
 n[ began to ov]leap e natural or       
artificial b>ri]1 & ! fav\r$ h]ds1      
rum9at+ at _! ease 9 ! manorial f>ms ( !
 weal?y patricians1 9 _! well-kept p>ks 
& amid e luxury1 7 sudd5ly smitt5 ) an  
evil :i* 9 _! case seem$ an anomaly4 ,9 

su* peaceful homes ^! innoc5t creatures 
7 t5d$ by intellig5t & b5evol5t h&s1 :i*
 und]/ood & felt = _! frail             
con/itutions2 food ( ! be/ quality 0    
lavi%ly suppli$ to !m1 & :atev] !y c\ld 
wi% = lay ar\nd !m 9 abundance2 ri*ly   
re>$1 !y _h !mselves become s _m        
ornam5ts )9 ^! sc5es ( beauty1 & all m5 
?\ght t "h1 at lea/1 7 plots ( rural    
gr\nd :i* ! g5ius ( epizootia w\ld n    
invade1 & 9 :i* ! heal?y h]ds 7         
invuln]able to contagion4  ,x 0 "u ^!   
circum/ances t ! f9e f>ms ( ,e>l        
,granville1 at ,gold]'s ,gre51 skirt+ ! 
,f9*ley ,road1,h conta9+ z _m z #acj    
mil* c[s1 7 sudd5ly & fi]cely attack$   
amid/ _! seem+ immunity1 & /ruck d[n 9  
great numb]s4  ,:5 ,i left ,engl& a mon?
 ago1 said ! noble "l1 !re 7 ab\t #acj  
mil* c[s 9 f\r %$s2 9 ! two l>ge/ & be/ 
manag$ ,i f\nd only "o c[ ye/]day1      
,septemb] #d?4  ,! p>k ( ,holly         
,lodge1,i :i* is p>tly b\nd$ by ! ma9   
road along :i* pass & repass files (    
cattle go+ to & com+ f ! m>kets1 0      

visit$ by ! same unsp>+ sc\rge4 ,n[     
c]ta9ly1 ! noble & b5efic5t lady ( !    
manor1 :o secur$ to h] cattle e         
att5tion1 & :o1 confid+ 9 ! res\rces (  
m$ical sci5ce1 attempt$ e means to save 
^! /rick5 creatures doom$ to an         
inevitable dea?2 %e ^: enlight5$ m9d1   
equally op5 to ! claims ( sci5ce z to ^?
 ( mis=tune1 desir$ t exp]im5ts %\ld be 
made :i* might t5d to ?r[ any light on  
?is deva/at+ malady2 %e1 at any rate1 "o
 w\ld ?9k1 might h escap$ ! common lot  
)\t excit+ wond] or envy at ! privilege 
:i* %e enjoy$4 ,b ?is fell & sweep+     
epizootia1 inexorable 9 its latitud9>ian
 m>*1 ent]$ ^? %ady b\nds1 & decimat$ ^?
 ord]ly %$s ) ! same imp>tiality z x did
 t ( ! poor man1 ,cutt+1 ^: :ole =tune 0
 /or$ up 9 ! two mil* c[s ^: dea? he _h 
to deplore4  ,?is epizootia ?reat5s to  
invade1 "o by "o1 all ! ,european       
,/ates1 l ! awful sc\rge ( #agej1 to :i*
 we h already drawn att5tion4 ,= ev5 n[ 
,holl& & ,belgium,j h be5 smitt52 & !   
al>m x has excit$ has = a "t sup]s$$ !  

panic :i* ! /eal?y advance ( ! *ol]a to 
! we/ _h k9dl$4 ,"s imag9e t x might h  
be5 kept out ( ,great ,brita91 or h be5 
*eck$ 9 its outbreak4 ,b1 9 spite ( all 
! safe/ precautions & ! s\nde/ measures 
( prep>ation1 x w\ld mo/ likely h baffl$
 human skill1 & nei!r be5 held alo( nor 
/ifl$ 9 its focus4 ,b h[ pa9ful x is1 to
 h to write & to ?9k t ignorance1       
c>elessness1 revolt+ cupidity1 & ! mo/  
wanton violation ( ! laws1 h all        
contribut$ to ext5d ! evil1 ) ! f\le/   
prem$itation & ! bl9de/ disreg>d6  ,to  
feel "o's self a /rang] 9 a c\ntry1 & to
 be able to rejoice at "o's connexions )
 x1 & at ! same "t to be oblig$ to give 
publicity to c]ta9 tru?s di/a/eful to ^?
 to :om !y are told1 is a mo/ pa9ful    
task4 ,b1 z x w\ld be to sw]ve f t duty 
& loyalty :i* ! national int]e/s z well 
z ^? ( sci5ce impose ^u a writ]1 n to   
speak out ) imp>tial ju/ice 9 a matt] ( 
s vital an importance1 we beg p]mission 
to consid]1 )\t res]ve1 ?is delicate    
"q3--! causes :i* h contribut$ to       

propagate ! compla9t4   ,v4  ,engl&1 s  
long sp>$ by t wa/+ sc\rge1 :i* _h s (t5
 ext5d$ its ravages ov] ,france & o!r   
k+doms dur+ ! la/ sixty ye>s1 0 tak5 by 
surprise2 & ! regulations & laws        
necess>y to /ifle )\t delay ! di/emp] 9 
its focus--t is to say1 9 !             
metropolis--n be+ 9 read9ess1 ! outbreak
 ( ! disease f\nd h] helpless & un>m$4  
,on ! o!r h&1 ! organic =ms ( ! ,engli% 
,gov]nm5t & municipal bodies1 ! res]ve (
 ! ,cab9et dur+ ! vacation1 ! limit$ p[]
 ( ! ,"l ,mayor & 8 civic c\nsellors1 ! 
subdivision ( ,london into p>i%es &     
ve/ries1 z 9 ! good times ( ! middle    
ages1 ! loose scatt]+ ( ! %ambles & meat
 m>kets ?r\gh ! _m /reets ( ! huge t[n1 
! "r ass]t$ by ea* man to be absolutely 
indep5d5t & free1 ! sanctity ( !        
,engli%man's home1 c41 c41 all concurr$ 
to let loose & propagate ! contagion1   
in/ead ( keep+ x )9 b\nds4  ,inde$1 :il/
 ! compet5t au?orities1 ) all ! en]gy   
:i* c\ld be expect$ ( !m on s grave a   
matt]1 7 meet+ & discuss+ ! be/ measures

 to be tak51 & ! int]e/+ debates at !   
,mansion-h\se 7 ?r[+ ! fir/ light ^u !  
"q1 ! insidi\s malady pursu$ its        
de/ructive progress1 diffus+ new t]ror &
 al>m4 ,:5 at l5g? ! ,privy ,c\ncil     
issu$ _! ord]s1 prescrib+ ! public      
decl>ation ( sick cattle1 & t no affect$
 bea/ 0 to be convey$ ei!r by rail or by
 %ip1 :il/ all ! necess>y means (       
purification & dis9fection 7 to be      
employ$1 c41 x 0 un=tunately too late1 !
 dreadful calamity hav+ tak5 root &     
multipli$ its /em l ! upas-tree4  ,:at a
 field = reflection !re is 9 ^! cases1  
:i* orig9at+ ) ! imp]fect /ate ( ! laws 
& in/itutions1 h fo/]$ & enc\rag$ !     
disease6 ,b ?is is a subject :i* x w\ld 
n behove u to discuss1 & we pref] to %[ 
by ! notes :i* w be f\nd app5d$ to ! end
 ( ?is "w1 & :i* are produc$ z atte/+   
docum5ts1 t cattle proprietors1 by _!   
own confession1 too (t5 sacrifice !     
int]e/s ( ! public to _! own private    
advantage4,k  ,nor h we be5 able to     
p>ticipate 9 ! ?\ghts & reflections ( s 

_m s5sible & judici\s p]sons1 on !      
impot5ce & dilator9ess ( ! public       
au?orities1 & also1 let u say1 on !     
inadequate pecuni>y means propos$ by a p
 s lavi% ( its weal? :5 useful & great  
und]tak+s are design$1 )\t pay+ a       
natural tribute ( regret1 to ! memory ( 
a ,pr9ce :o took s deep an int]e/ 9 !   
progress ( agriculture1 & :o1 _h he /ill
 be5 liv+1 w\ld h kn[n h[ to direct ) a 
firm & /eady h&1 ! "r measures to be    
tak5 amid/ s _m intricacies &           
emb>rassm5ts4  ,sometimes allusion has  
be5 made to ,france 9 ! spee*es deliv]$ 
at ^! meet+s1 presid$ ov] by t active   
magi/rate1 ! ,"l ,mayor4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ^!
 rem>ks ! speak]s h prais$ & held up to 
admiration ! advantages ( h] sy/em (    
c5tralization1 ! decrees ( h] sanit>y   
police1 & ! promptness ) :i* %e executes
 ! measures :i* ! public int]e/s        
require4 ,t is true4 ,france is c]ta9ly 
9 a /ate to resi/ ! sc\rge ) v effectual
 means to arre/ its progress2 b if 9 ?is
 matt]1 z 9 "s o!rs1 %e h acquir$ a     

sup]iority1 x has only be5 by an        
exp]i5ce de>ly pur*as$1 ^! epizootics   
hav+ return$ m ?an once to de/roy h]    
flocks & h]ds4 ,politically1 ! same     
might be said ( h] revolutions1 ^? great
 moral epidemics4  ,an orator1 a writ]1 
w5t s f> z to say1 9 "o ( 8 num]\s      
lett]s1 ! "o dat$ ! #bd? ( ,augu/3 ,i   
regret to say "s ( our neighb\rs laugh  
at our exp5se4,l  ,no1 y\r neighb\rs w n
 laugh at y\r mis=tunes4 ,!y sympa?ize  
at pres5t bo? 9 y\r joys & sorr[s1 & if 
,i h tak5 up my p5 on ?is occasion1 x   
has only be5 because ,i c\ld n look )   
indiff]5ce on y\r too j anxieties1 :5 ,i
 flatt]$ myself t ,i might write "s     
useful pages to mitigate & relieve !m4  
,z mo/ newspap] read]s are aw>e1,m & z  
ev]ybody may easily asc]ta91 ! diseas$  
cattle1 9 spite ( reit]at$ ord]s to     
de/roy !m imm$iately1 71 nev]!less1     
driv5 to ! m>kets to be sold = :at c\ld 
be got = !m2 or :5 _! ta9t$ condition 0 
too gl>+ !y 7 at once s5t (f to !       
private %ambles1 ! own]s ( :i*1 9 ord]  

to disguise ! accusatory pro( ( !       
misdemeanor1 ha/5$ to sell ! body ( !   
animal4 ,x w\ld be q impossible to      
m5tion all ! violations ( ! law1 :i* e  
day cont9ue to fill ! columns ( ! public
 j\rnals4 ,"o graceless wret*1 :o des]v$
 to be hang$ = x1 if 8 ignorance d n    
excuse him1 0 s infam\s z to introduce a
 sick c[ into a %$ n yet atta9t$1 9 8   
crim9al desire ( propagat+ ! disease    
!re4,n  ,?us1 !n1 indep5d5tly ( ! causes
 inh]5t to ! typhus itself1 :i* s]v$ (  
necessity to diffuse x1 o!r causes      
proce$+ f ! defective /ate ( ! law1 & ! 
p]fidy ( individuals1 h contribut$ to   
its dissem9ation4 ,& yet ! ,gov]nm5t    
circul>s1 ! newspap]s1 & ! reports (    
vet]9>y doctors h made kn[n t ! slighte/
 omissions & inatt5tions 7 s]i\s--t !   
want ( v5tilation & cleanl9ess 9 !      
/ables1 ! ov]cr[d+ ( ! cattle1 & _!     
abid+ ne> _! own dropp+s1 or            
dung-heaps--t ! keep+ ( dead bodies     
close to f>ms1 c[%$s1 enclos$ gr\nds1 & 
fields--t ! ha/y & imp]fect burial (    

cattle--t ! collection & transit ( _!   
fragm5ts1 bones1 horns1 & sk9s--t !     
driv+ on ! public roads ( any animal    
ei!r ta9t$ itself1 or hav+ liv$ among ^?
 t 7 sick--t ! clo!s ( p]sons & /able   
ut5sils1 soil$ ) putrid liquids--t all  
^!1 & simil> causes1 7 capable (        
propagat+ or aggravat+ ! disease4  ,b   
:il/ we mu/ l\dly condemn ! volunt>y    
misde$s ( ^? :o drove _! sick cattle to 
m>ket1 x mu/ likewise be all[$ t1 to    
con=m "o's self rigidly to ! giv5       
injunctions1 0 sometimes att5d$ ) s]i\s 
emb>rassm5ts4 ,h[ great1 inde$1 mu/ h   
be5 ! p]plexity ( any grazi] :o1 be+ !  
own]1 = in/ance1 ( =ty head ( cattle1 & 
hav+ se5 t5 ( !m p]i% "u 8 eyes1 )\t    
kn[+ :]e to dispose ( !m1 0 ?reat5$ ) ! 
loss ( ! rema9+ ?irty )9 a few days6 ,h[
 c\ld he calmly & pati5tly resign       
himself to suff] s l>ge a quantity (    
animal matt] to accumulate & putrefy    
ar\nd him1 :51 sudd5ly ru9$1 & de/itute 
( e res\rce1 ! au?orities held back     
in/ead ( com+ to 8 assi/ance4  ,! prime 

cause ( all ! transgressions committ$ 9 
despite ( ! ,privy ,c\ncil's ord]s1 may 
!re=e be ref]r$ 9 "p to ! want (        
comp5sation to be grant$ to ! own]s (   
infect$ cattle4 ,x all might be almo/   
r$uc$ to a "q ( money4 ,= let u suppose 
= a mom5t1 t inspectors entru/$ )       
adequate p[]s1 _h be5 au?oriz$1 aft] a  
close exam9ation1 to po9t out ! ta9t$   
cattle2 to fix a mod]ate price on !m by 
way ( comp5sation2 to h !m slaught]$1   
c>ri$ away1 & imm$iately buri$1 w\ld n  
su* a c\rse h dim9i%$ ! g5]ation (      
contagi\s miasma 9 a consid]able        
proportion8  ,moreov]1 "s cattle-bre$]s 
& f>m]s expos$ !mselves to ! imposition 
( f9es & p5alties )\t any evil designs2 
= :5 !y drove _! bea/s to m>ket !y 7    
only 9 ! /age ( incubation1 at !        
prelim9>y p]iod1 :5 x is really no easy 
task to di/+ui% ! di/emp]4 ,! foll[+    
fact w exemplify ?is4  ,at ea* m>ket1 9 
spite ( cont9ual w>n+s1 ! inspectors    
pick out & despat* to ! slaught]-h\ses a
 c]ta9 numb] ( sick cattle1 n only ^?   

affect$ ) typhus1 b ) o!r disord]s4 ,"o 
_c help wond]+1 on see+ ! poor1 lean1   
sickly condition ( "s ( ^! creatures1 h[
 _! own]s c\ld h be5 s mad z to expose  
!m = sale2 b 9 _! numb] !re are a few   
:i*1 al?\gh sick1 appe> 9 good heal? to 
! common obs]v]4  ,ab\t a =tnight ago1  
dur+ "o ( our visits to ! great         
,metropolitan ,m>ket1 ,mr4 ,tegg1 !     
vet]9>y inspector1 ^: intellig5ce &     
e>ne/ness are q equal to ! v difficult  
*>ge ) :i* he is entru/$1 ord]$ to be   
seiz$ & remov$ to a seclud$ fold ne> !  
slaught]-h\ses1 a doz5 diseas$ animals4 
,:5 once ^! cattle _h be5 ?us collect$ 9
 a body1 x 0 easy to submit !m to a /ill
 clos] exam9ation4 ,mo/ ( ^! bea/s1     
adult c[s & ox51 7 lean1 pant+1 fev]i%1 
dispirit$1 & rema9$ motionless :]e !y   
/ood4 ,b among !m 0 a c[1 ) a brisk &   
lively look1 a quick op5 eye1 :i* wat*$ 
u ) anxiety1 & fl$ at our approa* e "t  
we pass$ by h]4 ,! turn came = ?is c[ to
 be exam9$4 ,mr4 ,tegg1 /rong & h&y--z e
 good vet]9>y doctor %\ld be--seiz$ hold

 ( "o ( h] horns1 b he 0 quickly %ak5   
(f2 o!r p]sons came up to assi/ him2 !  
fi]y animal 0 sudd5ly seiz$ by bo?      
horns1 by ! no/rils1 & ! tail2 b s /rong
 & spirit$ 0 ! animal1 t %e def5d$      
h]self ) advantage aga9/ all h]         
adv]s>ies1 & once m %ook h]self free4   
,x 0 necess>y1 h[ev]1 to ma/] !         
creature1 s !y surr\nd$ h] aga91 press+ 
h] back ?is "t into a corn] ( ! p51 to  
ov]p[] h]4 ,b lo6 ! animal takes a sudd5
 spr+1 & leaps ov] ! b>s4 ,assur$ly ?is 
c[1 = a bea/ suspect$ ( ! typhus ta9t1  
_h giv5 a pro(1 if n ( heal?1 at lea/ ( 
extraord9>y vig\r2 & h] own]1 :o _h se5 
h] condemn$ ) mu* vexation1 n[ ?\ght he 
saw ample reason to reclaim h]1 & drive 
h] back to ! m>ket = sale4 ,h[ev] ! c[1 
on tak+ su* a leap1 & "u conditions s   
unfav\rable1 came d[n ) all h] weight ^u
 h] limbs1 fractur+ "o ( h] =elegs4     
,aft] ?is accid5t1 we 7 able to         
prosecute ! exam9ation we desir$1 & ,mr4
 ,tegg %[$ u a r[ ( little gl&ul>       
swell+s on ! ridge ( ! gums1 & livid    

spots on ! vag9al muc\s membrane1 :i*   
confirm$ 8 diagnosis4 ,! own] ( ?is c[1 
nev]!less1 /ill discr$it$ ! diseas$ /ate
 ( ! bea/2 s to conv9ce him1 %e 0 driv5 
(f at once to ! slaught]-h\se to be     
/ruck d[n2 b1 un=tunately1 ?ree or f\r  
o!rs fill$ ! requir$ area1 s t ! poor c[
 0 =c$ to witness ! execution ( h]      
fell[-creatures be=e be+ kill$ h]self4  
,! look & po/ure ( ?is c[1 h] excit$ yet
 t]rifi$ glance z %e survey$ ?is sc5e ( 
c>nage1 0 "o ( ^? pictures :i* no p5cil 
c\ld draw2 & al?\gh we ackn[l$ge t man  
possesses an inconte/able "r to apply to
 8 own use ! dead or live matt] (       
animals = 8 food & su/5ance1 we c\ld n  
help feel+ = ! poor victim1 slipp+ ov] !
 blood1 & ?us sc5t+ dea? be=e receiv+ ! 
/roke4  ,we are n excessively s5sitive2 
we h se5 a hundr$ horses ble$+ f !      
incisions made by vet]9>y pupils1 &     
scores ( ox5 slaught]$2 we ourselves h  
practis$ num]\s exp]im5ts on animals2 b 
! affect+ sight ( t animal witness+ !   
slaught] ( o!rs1 & wait+ h] turn to die1

 t\*$ u deeply4 ,we c\ld n help ask+    
ourselves1 h[ x 0 t man c\ld disp5se )  
compassion & good feel+ ev5 9 t bloody  
toil1 & :y he did n b&age ! eyes ( !    
doom$ creatures he 0 go+ to sacrifice8  
,^! dumb animals t we treat l in]t matt]
 are s5sitive l ourselves2 !y are v     
consci\s ( pa92 & if x be our privilege 
to compute ! numb] ( our days1 we ought 
n to =get t !y are1 l u1 end[$ )        
intellig5ce1 s t :5 !y are ?us deta9$ at
 ! place ( execution1 all _! s5ses &    
faculties be+ conc5trat$ on _! de/roy]1 
!y are fully consci\s ( ! cruel fate :i*
 awaits !m4  ,at la/ x 0 ! poor bea/'s  
turn to be slaught]$1 & t5 m9utes       
aft]w>ds we op5$ h] entrails1 & _h pro( 
t ,mr4 ,tegg's judgm5t 0 exact1 =       
already ! /oma* & inte/9es (f]$ to view 
indubitable signs ( ! typhus at its fir/
 p]iod4  ,! own] ( ! c[ 0 !n conv9c$ &  
br\ght to reason1 b he /ill v fairly    
ass]t$ ! goodness ( 8 motives1 ab\t :i* 
none pres5t d\bt$ at all1 & appli$ =    
comp5sation to ! full value ( ! bea/1   

bo? z but*]'s meat & (fal1 :i*          
application 0 grant$4  ,judge1 !re=e1 by
 ?is p>ticul> example1 h[ _m ta9t$      
cattle !re mu/ h be5 :i* h propagat$ ?is
 di/emp]1 "s ) & "s )\t ! k ( _! own]s2 
&1 horresco ref]5s6 h[ mu* ( ?is ta9t$  
meat mu/ h be5 pur*as$ & eat5 by !      
public1 s9ce ?is c[ _h all ! appe>ance (
 heal? & vig\r1 & ! real diseas$        
condition might n h be5 detect$ at all1 
b = ! exp]i5ce & sagacity ( ,mr4 ,tegg1 
! inspector4   ,,vi4  ,9 ?is            
consid]ation ( ! causes ( ! contagi\s   
typhus 9 bov9e cattle1 we h deem$ x     
ess5tial to invite att5tion bo? to ^?   
:i* are g5]ally recognis$ & admitt$1 &  
to ^? :i*1 ?\gh !y may h be5 settl$ 9 ! 
m9ds ( obs]vant & exp]i5c$ m51 may yet  
appe> hypo!tical to c]ta9 read]s4       
,besides :i*1 9 e sci5tific "w1 all[ance
 mu/ be made = ! pa/ & future2 & "h we h
 two vital di/9ctions4 ,if ! man :o     
und]takes ?is task does n g on1 he falls
 back2 & x 0 to avoid incurr+ ?is       
reproa* t we h pass$ our old b\nd>ies & 

visit$ new av5ues4 ,we are aw>e t m ?an 
"o objection might be urg$ aga9/ !      
op9ions & !ories :i* we h expos$1 9 ord]
 to acc\nt = ! outbreak ( typhus 9      
,engl&2 we might anticipate1 we might   
reply to ^! objections2 b we w\ld r     
recapitulate our inquiry into ! causes1 
9 ! tangible =m ( practical             
propositions4  ,f ! g5]al consid]ations 
above giv51 we ?9k we may conclude1     
#a/4 ,t ! causes :i* g5]ate ! cattle    
typhus on our globe are p]man5t &       
unceas+1 n only on ! banks ( ! great    
riv]s :i* empty !mselves into ! ,black  
,sea1 b also 9 o!r c\ntries--9 ,am]ica1 
9 ,africa1 c42 :]ev]1 9 a ^w1 exi/ !    
conditions1 n ( race 7! race ( ! animal 
9 ?is case be+ b second>y71 b ( climate 
& ( ! organic elem5ts :i* are           
indisp5sable to ! =mation & developm5t (
 typhic miasma4  #bnd4 ,t ! cattle      
typhus1 al?\gh x exi/s n necess>ily1 b  
?r\gh ! improvid5ce or want ( caution 9 
man1 on diff]5t p>ts ( ! e>?1 nev]      
appe>s at all 9 ! temp]ate & m g5ial    

zones1 save "u p>ticul> & special       
circum/ances1 analog\s 9 "s degree ) ^? 
:i* g5]ate ! human typhus--inclem5cy ( !
 seasons1 ov]cr[d$ dwell+s1 bad or      
insuffici5t food1 & want ( cleanl9ess2 &
 t ^! p>ticul> & special circum/ances   
give bir? to ! epizootic g5us1 r5d]+ !  
cattle fit & apt to receive ! g]ms ( !  
contagi\s virus1 & to fo/] its          
incubation4  #crd4 ,t ! cattle typhus1  
?us accid5tally develop$ 9 ! temp]ate & 
g5ial zones1 by means ( ! vici\s hygi5ic
 conditions amid/ :i* horn$ cattle are  
accu/om$ to live1 & :i* s]ve z ! causes 
( its propagation1 is aft]w>ds          
transmitt$ by ! contact ( animals liv+ 9
 ! same /all or %$1 or collect$ 9 h]ds  
on ! same gr\nd1 or transport$ 9 ! same 
vehicles1 by l& or sea4  #d?4 ,t !      
dropp+s ( animals1 _! litt]1 _! dead    
bodies1 & _! detritus1 or brok5-up      
rema9s--also ! /ables1 vehicles1 &      
implem5ts :i* h s]v$ = _! use1 & all    
matt]s or sub/ances :i* h t\*$ !m or    
approa*$ !m--are g5]ative elem5ts ( !   

di/emp]4  #e?4 ,t ! typhic miasma1 ?us  
reproduc$ & multipli$ 9 "o place "u !   
influ5ce ( all ^! produc+ causes1 is    
convey$ by ! w9ds to great di/ances1    
smit+ ^? well gu>d$ cattle :i* appe>$ to
 be fully protect$ f ! possibility (    
infection by _! isolation4  #f?4 ,t !   
want ( prompt & /r+5t measures fir/ to  
conc5trate1 & !n to /ifle ?is typhus 9  
its focus2 ! love ( lucre1 ! p]fidy (   
"s1 & ! abs5ce ( =esight & caution 9    
o!rs1 may be1 & h be5 9 ! p>ticul> cases
 :i* we are deal+ )1 mat]ial causes &   
ag5cies ( its diffusion4  ,su* we       
consid] to be ! causes :i* eng5d] &     
propagate cattle typhus1 & :i* w s]ve z 
a basis = ! prev5tive measures to be    
employ$ 9 ord] to )/& & *eck its        
propagation4  ,,footnotes3  ,b ,we are  
aw>e t ! transport ( cattle is conduct$ 
9 a diff]5t mann] dur+ ! preval5ce ( ?is
 epizootia4 ,! acc\nt giv5 by two ,g]man
 vet]9>y surgeons ( ! managem5t ( !     
vessels ( ! ,nor? ,g]man ,lloyd's1 & ( !
 mann] 9 :i* ! animals are treat$1 is a 

pro( ( ?is2 b be=e ! appe>ance ( !      
epizootia1 ! transport ( animals by l& &
 by sea left mu* to be desir$4 ,?is     
acc\nt w be f\nd at ! end ( ?is "w      
7,,note ,a72 & all docum5ts 9 support ( 
! facts :i* h s]v$ z ! basis ( our      
diss]tation1 are also 9 ! ,app5dix1     
arrang$ alphabetically 9 ! =m ( notes4  
,c ,see ,notes ,b1 ,c1 ,d1 ,e4  ,d ,see 
,note ,f4  ,e ,on ! #ae? ( ,septemb]1 ! 
!rmomet] /ood at #hj ,fahr5heit4  ,f    
,see ,notes ,g1 ,j4  ,g ,see ,notes ,k1 
,l4  ,h ,see ,note ,m4  ,i ,see ,note   
,n4  ,j ,see ,notes ,o1 ,p4  ,k ,see    
,notes ,r1 ,s1 ,t4  ,l ,see ,note ,v4   
,m ,see ,note ,y4  ,n ,see ,note ,z4    
,,*apt] ,,iii4  ,description ( !        
,contagi\s ,typhus ( ! ,ox2 its         
,symptoms1 ,c\rse1 ,progress1 c4   ,i h 
already writt5 ! hi/ory ( ! typhus :i*  
affects ! ox2 ,i h %[n & dwelt ^u !     
signs & *>act]s ( typhus diseases       
g5]ally1 d$uc+ !refrom ! d5om9ation &   
def9ition ( t ( ! ox 9 p>ticul>2 f9ally1
 ,i h describ$ ! causes :i* g5]ate &    

diffuse x abroad4  ,n[1 ,i mu/ make kn[n
 ! v>i\s phases & alt]ations to :i* !   
disease is liable1 & :i*1 9 ! language (
 ! m$ical s*ools1 are call$ its symptoms
 & *>act]i/ics2 its progress or c\rse2  
its prognosis2 its po/-mortem           
appe>ances1 c4 c4  ,?is exam9ation1 l ^?
 :i* h prec$$ x1 w af=d new f\ndations =
 m$ical practice4   ,i4  ,symptomatic   
,*>act]i/ics4--,! typhus ( ! ox1 l all  
infecti\s & contagi\s diseases1 (f]s to 
obs]vation f\r successive *anges3 #a/1 a
 p]iod ( ,incubation1 dur+ :i* ! orig9al
 /ructure is subject to int]nal & lat5t 
d]angem5ts2 #bnd1 a p]iod ( ,initiation1
 dur+ :i* ! fir/ evid5t signs ( !       
disease are manife/$2 #crd1 a p]iod (   
,endurance1 dur+ :i* ! ph5om5a are fully
 develop$2 #d?1 a p]iod ( ,decl9e1 or   
wa/+ atony4  ,^! divisions &            
classifications1 x w readily be         
conceiv$1 are r fanciful1 = nature does 
n adapt h]self to our me?odical =ms4    
,/ill we %all abide by !m1 because !y h 
_! relative & practical utility1 &      

because !y w af=d to ! practition]      
sugge/ions m easily und]/ood2 & f9ally1 
because ! organic *anges are diff]5t at 
^! v>i\s p]iods1 :i* 9 _! entirety      
con/itute ! typhus ( ! bov9e species4   
,! description ( ^? diff]5t phases ?r\gh
 :i* ! organism ( cattle smitt5 ) !     
contagion has to pass1 has moreov] be5  
giv5 9 a ma/]ly mann] by ! vet]9>y      
physicians ( ! diff]5t ,european        
c\ntries1 especially by ^? 9 :i*        
opportunities to obs]ve x h be5 mo/     
frequ5t--t is to say1 by ! ,russian1    
,g]man1 & ,fr5* vet]9>y doctors1 ,jess51
 ,rll1 ,d',arboval1 ,gell4  ,! ,engli%  
physicians ( ! #ah? c5tury1 z we h      
already se51 7 also 9 no respect inf]ior
 to ^? ( our own "t4 ,f9ally1 ,mr4      
,simonds1 :o publi%$ a v able ,report on
 8 return f 8 sci5tific exploration 9   
,galicia1 9 #aheg1 & ! skilful ,pr(essor
 ,b\ley1 9 8 rec5t communications to !  
,acadmie de ,mdec9e1 9 ,p>is1 respect+ 8
 exam9ation ( ! pres5t cattle typhus 9  
,engl&1 h describ$ ! disease ) m9ute    

exactness1 z we ourselves h v]ifi$ on ! 
v>i\s sick bea/s :i* we h se5 dur+ ! la/
 two mon?s4  #a4 ,p]iod (               
,incubation4--,sev]al c>eful exp]im5ts1 
:i* h be5 cit$ 9 ! hi/orical division ( 
?is "w1 & num]\s =tuit\s occasions1 h   
au?oriz$ u to assign a duration ( n9e or
 twelve days to ! p]iod ( incubation1   
accord+ to ! g5]al conditions ( !       
epizootia1 ! mann] 9 :i* ! contagion is 
transmitt$1 & ! =m] /ate ( heal? ( !    
affect$ cattle4  ,?us an epizootia at ! 
outset1 ei!r :5 x has become g5]al1 or  
:5 x is at its decl9e1 does n always    
transmit typhic miasma ( ! same virul5t 
int5sity1 nor does x always provoke 9 ! 
frame a lab\r ( incubation :i* is       
inv>iable4 ,! contagion transmitt$ f    
animal to animal liv+ cont9ually 9 !    
same /alls or %$s is foll[$ by an       
incubation m quick & active ?an t :i*   
results f a *ance contact 9 ! m>kets1 or
 f a contagion produc$ at a di/ance1 by 
! transmission ( ! miasmatic effluvium  
along ! public highways4  ,let u add to 

^! consid]ations ! relative /ate ( ea*  
animal's heal?1 & we %all !n p]fectly   
und]/& t ! incubation mu/ v>y bo? 9 its 
cont9uance & 9 ! *>act]i/ics ( its      
manife/ation4 ,9 "s animals x sc>cely   
betrays ! d]angem5ts produc$ by its     
morbid op]ation3 !y pres]ve _! appetite 
& _! usual looks4 ,a close & att5tive   
obs]vation w\ld alone be able to di/+ui%
 "s slight alt]ations 9 _! way ( liv+1 9
 ! regul>ity ( _! rum9ation & sleep4 ,b 
9 o!rs1 !re is no mi/ak+ a some?+       
irregul> & unusual 9 _! appe>ance &     
liv+2 ! vital /ate is no long] ! same4  
,?us an animal :i* us$ to be *e]ful &   
famili> becomes sil5t & solit>y2 x      
br[ses ! grass ) less eag]ness &        
avidity2 x lies d[n m frequ5tly & long]2
 x l+]s by ! side ( ! h$ge along !      
field1 or x w&]s ab\t1 "h & !re1 ) a    
li/less look1 & )\t any object4 ,o!rs   
moan & compla91 bell[+ at int]vals 9 an 
unusual mann]1 v expressive ( languor & 
pa94  ,b ap>t f seasons ( epizootia1 !  
bea/s too (t5 exhibit ^! imp]ceptible   

%ades ( v>iety 9 _! looks & actions = ! 
att5tion to be /ruck by !m2 ^! *anges1  
!re=e1 are almo/ always unnotic$4       
,h[ev]1 ! typhic miasma absorb$ at !    
same "t by ! respiratory & dige/ive     
muc\s membranes s]ves to modify !       
qualities ( ! blood1 & secretly reacts  
on ! n]v\s sy/em2 soon aft]1 ! animal   
exhibits m decid$ly ^? *anges :i*       
previ\sly 7 h>dly to be detect$2 8 want 
( appetite is m m>k$1 8 sadness m       
obvi\s1 & 8 att5tion fixes itself m     
sl[ly & c>elessly on ! objects :i*      
surr\nd him4 ,:5 he is 9 ! %$1 8 usual  
food is f\nd 9 excess ( 8 wants1 8 ?ir/ 
is mu* ke5] & m frequ5t1 & a cont9ual   
dejection & l[ness ( spirits or a       
transitory agitation di/urb all 8       
functions4 ,:5 ! f>m]s or grazi]s notice
 ^! premonitory signs = ! fir/ "t !y pay
 b little att5tion !reto2 b if !        
contagion has f\nd its way into _! /alls
 & %$s !y are no long] deceiv$ by !m1 b 
beg9 to appreh5d t 9 a day or two fre%  
victims w be add$ to ! numb]4  #b4      

,p]iod ( ,initiation4--,soon !          
elaboration ( ! virul5t miasma 9 !      
organic /ructure *anges ! quality ( !   
blood & hum\rs1 ! functions (           
assimilation & secretion are modifi$1 ! 
n]v\s c5tres receive vitiat$ organic    
elem5ts & are di/urb$ 9 _! physiological
 conditions1 & ! smitt5 animal displays 
t /ate ( lat5t uneas9ess :i* he is      
imp]fectly consci\s ( by a g5]al look ( 
heav9ess & /upor 7,typhos71 :i* has     
sugge/$ = ?is disease its "n ( typhus4  
,inde$1 ! poor animal's eyes are fix$1 !
 he>+ becomes obtuse or indiff]5t1 z may
 be se5 9 ! s9k+ ( ! e>s1 ^? organs :i* 
are s s5sitive1 s contractile1 & s      
vigilant 9 h]bivor\s animals4 ,) ! head 
hang+ d[n & motionless1 ! neck /ret*$   
out1 _! =elegs op5 & spread1 _! buttocks
 drawn toge!r & "o ( !m completely lax1 
!y seem to succumb b5ea? ! weight ( _!  
bodies4 ,9 a ^w1 ! animal exhibits ?r\gh
 its :ole be>+ a heavy sadness1 a g5]al 
dejection1 :i* bespeak a great d]angem5t
 9 ! :ole /ructure4 ,f ?is "t1 9 !      

animals :i* are mo/ s]i\sly affect$1 !  
appetite ceases1 ! rum9ation becomes    
irregul> & p>tial1 :il/ 9 "s o!rs !     
appetite & rum9ation are ma9ta9$ 9      
diff]5t degrees4  ,b ! incubation ( !   
morbid elem5ts pursues its c\rse1 !     
alt]ation ( ! blood becomes g5]al1 & !  
circulation is increas$ & quick5$4 ,aft]
 ?is ! fev] int]poses & /ops !          
secretions1 t ( ! udd]s is dri$ up1 !   
muc\s *annels cease to fl[1 ! muc\s     
membrane ( ! m\? becomes :iti%1 ! little
 gl&s situat$ on x are m p]man5t1       
especially 9 ! circumf]5ce ( ! gums2 !  
floor ( ! tongue & ! l>ynx are inflam$1 
! muc\s membrane ( ! c['s sexual organs 
is r$ & furr[$ ) livid /reaks1 ! :ite ( 
! eye is p>*$1 & ! sk9 feels alt]nately 
hot & cold1 z well z ! horns & ho(s4    
,"s ( ! suff]]s h an ext]nal            
horripilation1 transi5t %iv]+s are felt 
9 ! front & h9d qu>t]s & at ! junction (
 ! limbs ) ! trunk4 ,"s pregnant c[s ne>
 _! deliv]y misc>ry4 ,9 a ^w1 at ?is    
p]iod ( irritation1 ! :ole frame is at  

w> ) ! typhic elem5ts :i* besiege x1 &  
:i* ov]come ! pres]vative p[] ( ! vital 
=ces1 & f ?is g5]al di/urbance arises an
 inc&esc5t fev]1 :i* dra9s & /ops all ! 
secretions at _! s\rce4  ,^! g5]al      
symptoms are ! fir/ signs & w>n+s (     
functional d]angem5ts m significant1 :i*
 may1 h[ev]1 v>y accord+ to !           
pr$ispositions ( ea* animal1 & transf]  
_! evolutions ei!r to ! n]v\s c5tres or 
to ! respiratory muc\s membrane1 or to t
 ( ! dige/ive *annels1 9 ! inflammatory 
& febrile =m ( ! contagi\s typhus4 ,su* 
at lea/ is :at we obs]ve 9 ! typhus (   
#ahfe 9 ,engl&4  ,! functional          
d]angem5ts1 9 tru?1 subord9ate to &     
dep5d+ on ! pr$ispositions exhibit$ by !
 cattle1 are f> f be+ ! same 9 all4 ,9  
"s1 ! n]v\s d]angem5ts pr$om9ate2 9     
o!rs1 x is ^? ( ! respiratory1 & 9 o!rs1
 x is ^? ( ! dige/ive *annels4  ,z 9 ?is
 p]iod ( irritation ! n]v\s c5tres are m
 p>ticul>ly affect$1 ! animal suff]s    
c]ebral & rickety pa9s1 a con/ant       
cephalalgia1 :i* provokes vague anxiety2

 he is sometimes *e]ful1 sometimes wild 
& furi\s2 he cl5*es 8 tee? & yawns1 !   
muscles ( 8 face spasmodically contract1
 ! sp9e feels v s5sitive :5 press$1 a   
burn+ & insatiable ?ir/ comes on1 !     
brea?+ is hurri$1 & ! inte/9al          
evacuations are susp5d$4  ,9 ?is =m !   
toxmia appe>s to conc5trate ab\t ! n]v\s
 c5tres--z is obs]v$ else:]e at ! outset
 ( c]ta9 viol5t fev]s1 9 ! typhus &     
typhoid fev] ( man1 = in/ance--& "s ( _!
 numb] may p]i% ! victims ( ^! n]v\s    
disord]s1 & ev5 fall z if /ruck )       
electricity4 ,!y die app>5tly f ! result
 ( ! typhic poison2 = at ?is second     
p]iod1 we d n trace 9 ! n]v\s c5tres ^? 
injuries :i* might acc\nt = s sudd5 a   
dea?4  ,:5 ! respiratory app>atus       
conc5trates ^u x ! febrile conge/ion1 ! 
brea?+ becomes pa9ful1 accel]at$1       
emb>rass$1 sometimes convulsive1 & a    
deep1 oppressive c\gh is he>d f "t to   
"t4 ,! animal1 "u ! yoke ( ?is          
oppressive uneas9ess1 turns 8 head f "r 
to left1 sc5ts1 & seems to "q 8 flanks1 

:]e ! seat ( ! disord] is2 & !n1 :e!r ! 
pulmon>y affection is conge/ive or      
inflammatory or emphysemat\s1 he may die
 ( ! consequ5ces ( ob/ruction to !      
pulmon>y circulation & f ! alt]ation ( !
 blood1 "u ! influ5ce ( a sl[ asphyxia1 
b only at ! ?ird or f\r? p]iod4         
,f9ally1 :5 ! typhus localizes m        
p>ticul>ly its morbid ph5om5a on !      
dige/ive *annels1 we disc]n local       
alt]ations on ! floor ( ! tongue & !    
buccal muc\s membrane1 spots ( livid r$1
 leav+ beh9d !m ulc]ations ( great] or  
less ext5t & dep? on diff]5t p>ts ( !   
inte/9al canal4 ,9 ?is =m1 :i* foll[s m 
regul>ly all ! p]iods1 con/ipation is   
ob/9ate at ! outset1 evacuation ( !     
b[els takes place ) difficulty1 ! fces  
are h>d & ! ur9e scanty1 ! belly is     
inflat$ & s5sitive4  ,sometimes at ?is  
p]iod ( initiation1 "o ( ^! ?ree        
symptomatic =ms--! n]v\s1 ! pulmon>y1 & 
! dige/ive--may pr$om9ate exclusively1 s
 f> z to mask ! disease z a :ole1 & to  
con/itute x a special malady4 ,b 9 t    

case1 x is only ! exagg]ation ( !       
functional d]angem5ts :i* 9 _! total    
con/itute ! typhus3 = :5 ! di/emp]      
pursues its c\rse1 ^! ?ree pr9cipal     
c5tres ( life are always affect$ 9      
diff]5t degrees4 ,?us1 n "o ( ! cattle  
smitt5 ) ! typhus goes ?r\gh all !      
phases ( ! disease1 )\t suff]+ at a giv5
 mom5t 9 its n]v\s1 respiratory1 &      
dige/ive functions4  ,9 ?is respect1 !  
typhus ( ! ox pres5ts an app>5t analogy 
) ! typhoid fev] 9 man1 al?\gh x is     
diff]5t4 ,consequ5tly1 ! "n ( typhus    
fev] giv5 by "s vet]9>y surgeons1 is n  
altoge!r inapplicable to x4  #c4 ,p]iod 
( ,duration4--,at ?is /age ( ! disease1 
:i* may be said to ext5d f ! f\r? to !  
sev5? day1 ! n]v\s d]angem5ts are conf9$
 to symptoms ( uneas9ess & s5sibility   
along ! dorsal sp9e2 = ^? cases :i*     
exhibit$ m viol5t d]angem5t 9 ! n]v\s   
functions h prov$ fatal4 ,9 ?is p]iod ( 
! disease ! brea?+ is m emb>rass$1      
p>ticul>ly :5 ! pulmon>y =m ( ! disease 
prevails4 ,! pulse1 :i* is h>d &        

frequ5t1 indicates f =ty to sixty       
pulsations2 ! beat+s ( ! he>t are m     
viol5t & audible2 ! muc\s membranes1 dry
 at ! outbreak1 recov] _! secretions1 b 
^! latt] are end[$ ) irritat+ prop]ties4
 ,?us ! eyelids1 swoll5 & tumefi$ at !  
edges b5ea? ! la%es1 drip ) a corrosive 
liquid1 :i* soon m>ks its furr[ along ! 
*anfr92 ! bron*i1 ! tra*ea1 ! no/rils1 !
 saliv>y gl&s1 exude a s]osity :i* runs 
out ( ! nasal & buccal orifices4 ,!     
exan!matic eruption hav+ dis*>g$ itself 
?r\gh ! dige/ive *annels1 con/ipation is
 foll[$ by di>rhoea1 rum9ation is       
completely /opp$1 ! bea/ decl9es all    
solid nutrim5t1 & pants = dr9ks1--= ^?  
especially :i* h a slight ta/e ( acidity
 9 !m4  ,! d]angem5ts at ?is p]iod      
pursue a rapid c\rse--! brea?+ becomes m
 & m difficult1 ! sk9 is hot & dry1 !   
hairs /iff5 m & m1 gases are develop$ 9 
! cellul> tissues b5ea? ! sk91 along !  
dorsal v]tebr1 at ! abdom9al folds ( !  
po/]ior limbs & "u ! abdom51 9 ! =m (   
flat1 unev51 crepitant tum\rs1 :i*      

crackle :5 press$ ) ! h&2 ! di>rhoea    
becomes m liquefi$ & irritant1 = !n x is
 no long] a fl[ ( dropp+s cov]$ ) mucus 
:i* is expell$1 b secretions already    
putrid1 sometimes r$di% 9 col\r1 &      
att5d$ ) foetid gases1 :i* induce       
t5esmus 9 ! rectum1 & =ce up ! tail4 ,! 
animal gr[s p]ceptibly lean1 8 dejection
 is extreme1 & c[s :i* are ) calf       
misc>ry4  ,at night1 ! animal seems to h
 an increase ( fev]1 sometimes ( a      
remitt5t type1 aft] :i* he becomes dr[sy
 & lies d[n to re/ himself or to sleep1 
if he c2 b ! difficulty ( brea?+1 !     
abdom9al pa9s1 soon =ce him to rise     
aga91 :i* he _c d )\t an ef=t4  #d4     
,p]iod ( ,decl9e & ,s9k+4--,?is /age is 
obs]v$ to ext5d f ! eigh? day to !      
twelf? or ! f\rte5?4 ,! morbid functions
 pursue _! c\rse1 = ! disease has its   
regul> phases & a successive v>iation ( 
ph5om5a4 ,! secretions1 :i* a few days  
be=e 7 fluid & irritat+1 h und]gone a   
*ange2 !y h become ?ick & purul5t1 !y   
fl[ m sl[ly f ! ocul> muc\s membranes1 &

 also f ! nasal & buccal1 :i* are r$ &  
inflam$1 & !y already emit a foetid     
smell4 ,! dull t>ni%$ eyes become       
holl[$1 purul5t mucus lodges )9 _!      
orbits1 ! bron*i are /opp$ up1 ! brea?+ 
gr[s l\d] & m pant+1 ! animal           
in/9ctively /ret*es 8 neck to ease x2 ! 
wa/+ ( ! fle% exposes ! bones ( ! sacrum
 & coccyx1 lay+ b>e ! v]tebr & ! ribs2 !
 emphysemat\s tum\rs are m ext5sive &   
crackl+2 ! sk91 less heat$1 wr9kles up &
 splits ab\t ! bony protub]ances2 !     
udd]s are cru/y & excoriat$2 deta*$     
boils1 h>d & r\nd$ at fir/1 !n s(t &    
purul5t1 beg9 to %[ !mselves on ! trunk 
& ! upp] p>ts ( ! limbs4 ,! di>rhoea1   
/ill frequ5t1 becomes bloody &          
intol]ably (f5sive4  ,at ?is f9al p]iod 
! organic /ructure yields to ! effects (
 a g5]al alt]ation ( ! liquids & solids4
 ,! vital =ce has lo/ ! p[] ( reaction2 
a mass ( blood1 decompos$ by ! d\ble    
influ5ce ( a virul5t toxmia & !         
ob/ructions ( respiration1 conveys to   
all ! organs a pr9ciple ( dissolution2 !

 n]v\s sy/em is 9 a mann] p>alys$1 z is 
%[n 9 ! animal's ins5sibility4  ,!      
secretions /op up ! v>i\s *annels &     
cavities2 !y lodge )9 !m2 !y und]go a   
putrid decomposition1 & pass out )      
difficulty 9 ! =m ( a purul5t & bloody  
flux1 9 ! highe/ degree infecti\s4 ,v   
soon ! sick animal has ceas$ really to  
live2 x /ruggles & lab\rs ) its agony2  
if ! lungs are clogg$ ) gas or fluid !y 
rattle hurri$ly & (t52 ! animal _c hold 
its head up ev5 :5 ly+ d[n1 & :5 /&+    
moves x to & fro z if affect$ ) !       
natural %ak+ ( old age1 & z if seek+ to 
w>d (f "s indescribable evil1 !         
occurr5ce ( :i* x 0 await+4  ,! animal's
 body is a prey giv5 up be=eh& to ! laws
 ( organic decomposition3 ! int]nal     
muc\s membrane ( ! *eeks & lips peels (f
 9 /rips :5 rubb$2 ! sores on ! sk9 h a 
livid & gangr5\s look2 ! eggs :i* !     
flies deposit on ! edge ( ! eyelids & at
 ! nasal orifices1 or on ! excoriations 
( ! sk91 quickly pass into ! /ate ( l>v4
 ,! air !y expire is cold & infecti\s2 !

 native caloric1 ext+ui%$ 9 e focus     
successively1 disappe>s2 ! vag9al muc\s 
membrane is tumefi$1 ! anal op5+ gapes1 
& f x fl[s a bloody & decompos$ liquid  
:i* ! rectum c no long] expel4 ,! m\?1  
half op5 & coat$ ) a ?ick glut9\s foam1 
va9ly tries to inhale long draughts (   
air :i* c no long] rea* ! lungs4        
,f9ally1 if ! animal is ly+ d[n1 he     
expires 9 sl[ agony1 8 head borne d[n by
 its own weight2 or1 if /&+1 he s9ks &  
falls d[n1 8 dea? hav+ anticipat$ !     
fall4  ,su* are ! symptoms--! subjective
 signs :i* enable u to detect !         
contagi\s typhus ( ! ox4 ,b all animals 
d n exhibit ^! disord]s ( ! vital       
functions ) ! same regul>ity & excess4  
,"s ( ^! we h se51 f fir/ to la/1 su/a9 
! int]nal effects ( ! morbid process--9 
"s sort passively--)\t reveal+ any deep 
d]angem5ts 9 ! n]v\s1 respiratory1 &    
dige/ive functions4 ,! poison\s virus _h
 smitt5 !m2 !y suff]$ 9 _! g5]al        
/ructure2 !y look$ /upefi$2 !y lo/1 at a
 giv5 mom5t1 _! appetite & rum9ation2 !y

 _h fev]2 _! brea?+ _h become %ort &    
frequ5t2 !y _h di>rhoea2 !y gradually   
lo/ fle%1 & ! excreta pass$ ?r\gh c]ta9 
*anges & trans=mations4 ,9 a ^w1 !      
animal _h manife/ly ! bov9e typhus2 b1  
?anks to a relative immunity1 to a      
special organization1 :i* r5d]s "s ( ^! 
bea/s capable ( resi/+ ! contagion = a  
long p]iod1 & sometimes                 
altoge!r,o--?anks to t v>iety :i* we    
obs]ve 9 diff]5t con/itutions 7=        
small-pox & typhus 9 man1 & ! true      
typhoid fev] 9 animals1 d n op]ate ) !  
same viol5ce on all alike7--?anks to ?is
 privileg$ organization1--we h se5 "s   
ox5 pass ?r\gh e /age ( ! disease )\t   
exhibit+ ?is t]rible tra9 ( morbid      
ph5om5a4  ,9 ^! cases--= ev5 ?is mild =m
 ( ! di/emp] at la/ produces dea?--!    
injuries fix !mselves m exclusively on !
 dige/ive *annels1 & we witness1 9      
dissection1 ulc]ations 9 "s1 9 o!rs m]e 
spots ( a livid r$1 m or less ext5sive4 
,f9ally1 al?\gh ! typhus be "o ( !      
grave/ maladies :i* de/roy & decimate   

cattle1 all sick animals are n mortally 
affect$ !reby4 ,9 ! pres5t epizootia1   
five p] c5t41 z ne>ly z c be asc]ta9$1  
recov]2 & :5 t happ5s1 signs ( a        
fav\rable om5 are obs]vable dur+ ! c\rse
 ( ! attack4 ,9 ^! fav\rable in/ances1  
inde$1 ! symptoms1 ev5 ?\gh !y exhibit a
 c]ta9 gravity1 pursue a regul> c\rse2  
fev] does n become remitt5t2 ! fcal     
dis*>ge is copi\s & easy1 ) less foetor2
 ! animal loses fle% sl[ly &            
progressively2 ! tum\rs are cutane\s1   
inflammatory2 _! "* is good1 depurative1
 & r purul5t ?an gase\s & crackl+4 ,!   
dropp+s d n %[ t high degree (          
pe/il5tial decomposition describ$ above2
 ! animal 9 8 dr9k welcomes & dige/s a  
mixture ( bran & fl\r2 ! secretions (   
purul5t mucus & ! fcal dis*>ges dry up &
 /op 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! p]iod ( decl9e2 !  
epid]mis ( ! op5+s ?r\gh :i* !y pass$   
out peels (f 9 ?9 scales1 & aft]w>ds 9  
scurfs or husks--9 a ^w1 ! economy does 
n exp]i5ce ^? acute di/urbances :i*     
/rike "o ( ! tripods ( life--t is to    

say1 ei!r ! n]v\s c5tres1 ! lungs1 or ! 
dige/ive organs4  ,n[1 9 ^! curable     
cases1 9 :i* ! cure is mo/ g5]ally due  
to nature's own ef=ts1 b :i* a sy/ematic
 treatm5t might r5d] f> m frequ5t1 !    
convalesc5ce is long1 & requires great  
att5tion & a well-regulat$ diet1 9 :i* !
 food is c>efully measur$ & divid$4 ,"h 
!re mu/ be a rigid sup]9t5d5ce4 ,a      
laxity 9 ! wat*fulness1 or too mu*      
reliance on ! reviv+ heal?1 h produc$   
sudd5 relapses1 & be5 fatal to _m sick  
cattle1 :i* _h be5 look$ ^u z ?or\ghly  
cur$4 ,= x may well be conceiv$ t       
convalesc5t animals1 aft] su/a9+ su*    
viol5t d]angem5ts 9 _! heal?1 & hav+ be5
 br\ght d[n to ! l[e/ degree (          
pro/ration & m>asmus--to a              
recon/itution1 we may call x1 ( ! solids
 & liquids--h a dev\r+ hung]4 ,if1      
!re=e1 ! keep] :o looks aft] !m         
unhappily =gets t ! pr9cipal lesions or 
sores are seat$ 9 ! /oma* & inte/9es1 & 
if he gives !m too mu* solid nutrim5t1  
he imp$es ! cure1 irritates ! ulc]ations

 n yet ?or\ghly cov]$ ov]1 & soon adds  
ano!r victim to ^? :i* _h already di$4  
,?is convalesc5ce la/s f fifte5 to tw5ty
 days1 & ! animal only recov]s its heal?
 at la/ by sl[ degrees4 ,/ill ! c>eful  
keep] ne$ n be afraid ( a relapse :5 he 
is pati5t & wat*ful4  ,su*1 !n1 is !    
contagi\s typhus ( ! ox4 ,type ( !      
unreturnable infecti\s diseases1 its    
virul5t miasms und]go )9 ! /ructure a   
s]ies ( trans=mations3 !y produce 9 !   
frame a g5]al disord] fully capable (   
annihilat+ ! pr$isposition or aptitude (
 ! animal to receive ! ta9t4 ,a disease 
ess5tially specific1 x affects !        
pr9cipal c5tres ( life2 x kills its     
victim bo? by its deadly virus & by !   
local d]angem5ts to :i* x gives rise2 = 
h[ is x possible to pres]ve life :5 !   
:ole n]v\s sy/em1 t promot] & regulator 
( all ! functions1 is upset8--:5 ! lungs
 :i* revivify ! blood1 :5 ! dige/ive    
organs :i* are ! v s\rces ( alim5tation1
 are smitt5 ) /agnation8--:51 9 f9e1 n  
only ^! vital c5tres h ceas$ to op]ate1 

b :5 ea* by itself is ! cause ( tortur+ 
pa9s & exhau/ion8  ,! typhus1 moreov]1  
is obs]v$ 9 all animals ( ! bov9e       
species1 :atev] may be _! race1 _! age1 
or _! sex4 ,! recov]$ animals may live )
 impunity amid/ diseas$ h]ds ( cattle1  
?anks to its non-relapsive nature4      
,jess5 has ev5 witness$ c[s :i*1 aft] _!
 own cure1 communicat$ a sort ( immunity
 to _! (fspr+4 ,= ! same reason x is t  
epizootias are less fatal 9 ^? c\ntries 
:]e !y (t5 occur1 ! con/itutions ( ^?   
animals :i* are eng5d]$ among/ su*      
habituat$ h]ds1 pres]v+ a prophylaxy    
inh]5t to ! blood :i* has be5 transmitt$
 to !m4  ,besides1 :at a pregnant       
subject is ?is = ! physician1 & :at m   
m]itori\s task c he set himself ?an !   
treatm5t ( su* a di/emp]1 :i* reason    
assures him mu/ ev5tually lead to ! cure
 & eradication ( ! same compla9t 9 !    
human species8  ,f a cause :i* z yet has
 be5 indi/+ui%able & impond]able1 :at   
important1 :at m>vell\s results loom 9 !
 future6 ,! air seems to u pure &       

:olesome1 yet x conceals a typhic miasma
 ( ! mo/ deadly k9d2 x c>ries ?is       
p]nici\s pr9ciple into ! ri*e/ mead[s1  
:]e we see fe$+ flocks & h]ds :i* to u  
seem exub]ant ) heal?4 ,!n ?is miasma is
 inhal$ & absorb$1 & x meets 9 ! frame !
 special & indisp5sable organic elem5t  
:i* is ne$$ = its multiplication2 !re x 
und]goes c]ta9 lat5t trans=mations1 & a 
f]m5tation1 a g]m9ation1 :i* we call    
incubation1 9 ord] to expla9 a process  
:i* we _c und]/&4 ,!n fev] is k9dl$1 all
 ! functions are di/urb$1 & ! sick      
animal is /ruck d[n1 leav+ u wond]+1    
ignorant1 & p[]less spectators 9 !      
pres5ce ( ph5om5a :i*1 nev]!less1 are ! 
et]nal "w ( nature & h endur$ ?r\gh all 
"t4--,b if 9 ! invisible typhic atom    
nature gives u dea?1 x also gives u life
 9 ! zoosp]ma4   ,,ii4  ,lesions f\nd 9 
! ,bodies ( ,ox5 aft] ,dea?4  ,!        
description :i* we h giv5 ( ! disord]s  
produc$ 9 ! diff]5t functions by !      
op]ation ( ! typhus1 may easily sugge/  
:at mu/ be ! lesions exhibit$ by !      

organs ( ! body4  ,dea?1 we h said      
already1 may ov]take ! disease at any ( 
its p]iods1 & ?us %[ e aspect & e degree
 ( ! organic lesions4 ,su* an animal be+
 /ruck d[n at ! p]iod ( initiation1 w n1
 ( c\rse1 pres5t ! *anges & v>ieties ( !
 p]iod ( decl9e1 & vice v]s4  ,9 g5]al1 
! /ate ( ! dead bodies is t ( ! mo/     
decid$ m>asmus2 ! rema9s are int5sely   
repulsive1 z well by ! /5* !y emit z by 
! sight !y af=d2 &1 9 summ] especially1 
decomposition sets 9 ) great rapidity4  
,consequ5tly1 ! utmo/ c>e is requir$ 9  
convey+ !m f place to place2 & ?is      
att5tion is ! m ess5tial1 because 9 !   
transit1 ! cavities be+ depriv$ ( _!    
contractile p[]1 let fl[ ! pe/il5tial   
liquids :i* !y conta91 !reby infect+ !  
c>riages & public roads4 ,! urg5t       
necessity !re is to inhume at once ^!   
dead bodies1 ! mo/ active ag5ts 9       
diffus+ ! contagion1 is equally ! drift 
( ?is obs]vation4  ,! deceas$ animal1 z 
a subject ( anatomy1 enables u to c]tify
 ! seat ( ! emphysemat\s tum\rs1 & to   

see t !y are really due to ! air :i*    
ins9uates itself into ! cellul> tissue1 
& :i*1 rec$+ f ! pressure ( ! f+]s      
betwe5 ! cells1 produc$ ! crackl+ s\nd  
we notic$ above4 ,?is p5etration ( ! air
 is1 moreov]1 a f> m g5]al effect ?an 0 
suppos$4  ,x is asc]ta9$1 likewise1 f ! 
exam9ation ( ^! subjects1 t ! r\nd1     
fluctuat+1 & small] tum\rs1 are inde$   
purul5t ga!r+s1 :i* occasionally f9d a  
passage into ! lay]s & int]/ices ( !    
muscles4  ,! muscul> fle% is usually    
flabby1 bloodless1 unsightly1 ( a v     
nause\s smell2 & x w\ld be difficult to 
imag9e t ! mo/ av>ici\s trick/] w\ld d>e
 to (f] ev5 ! mo/ pres5table p>ts ( x = 
sale & consumption4 ,b :5 ! exp$i5ts &  
artifices kn[n to ! but*]'s trade are _h
 resort to1 :51 reg>dless ( ! public    
heal?1 ! unpr9cipl$ deal] selects ! mo/ 
fle%y p>ts1 :5 he dresses & adorns !m by
 col\r+ !m ov] ) ! blood ( a heal?y     
bea/1 ! unw>y eye ( ! pur*as] may be    
deceiv$4 ,obs]ve1 t we are n[ speak+ (  
cattle t h di$ 9 ! la/ /age ( ?is       

m>asmus1 s t we might suppose1 ev5 if ! 
_m summonses be=e ! magi/rates1 & ! too 
mod]ate f9es :i* h be5 impos$ on !      
guilty p>ties1 _h n %$ ! broade/ light  
^u ! fact1 t a l>ge numb] ( sick cattle 
:i* _h be5 slaught]$ at diff]5t /ages ( 
?is frightful disease1 h be5 dress$ &   
adorn$1 expos$ = sale1 sold1 & eat5 by a
 v l>ge portion ( ! inhabitants (       
,london & ( ! c\ntry likewise4          
,dige/ive ,*annels4--,! muc\s membrane (
 ! buccal cavity is1 = ! mo/ "p1 ( a    
livid :it5ess2 ec*ymos$ /a9s1 &         
sometimes ulc]ations1 diff]+ 9 _! =m &  
numb]1 are visible on ! floor ( !       
tongue4 ,mr4 ,simonds has _h an         
anatomical model con/ruct$1 :i* pres5ts 
a p]fect type ( ^! ulc]ations1 "s ( :i* 
are ( a sc>let hue1 ) p]p5dicul> edges4 
,! /oma*s exhibit a v>iety ( ulc]ations4
  ,! paun*1 or fir/ /oma*1 always       
conta9s a l>ge quantity ( food int5d$ = 
rum9ation2 sometimes ^! alim5ts are dry1
 & lie /ick+ to its sides2 at o!r times 
!y are dilut$ ) wat] :i* _h n yet be5   

absorb$ aft] dr9k+4 ,! inn] membrane (  
?is fir/ res]voir may %[ flat spots1 )  
livid injections ( diff]5t sizes4  ,!   
honeycomb1 or second /oma*1 g5]ally     
exhibits ! same injuries z ! paun*4  ,! 
manyplies1 or ?ird /oma*1 conta9s betwe5
 its lam9 h>d1 pulv]ul5t1 & dry alim5t>y
 sub/ances1 :i* are se5 /ick+ to !      
diff]5t leaves4 ,on remov+ ^! sub/ances1
 "s ec*ymos$ spots are laid b>e1 !      
epi!lium ( :i* easily peels (f2         
sometimes ulc]ations1 & ev5 p]=ations1  
are visible4  ,! re$1 or f\r? /oma*1 ^: 
sides are ?ick]1 m fle%y1 & m vascul>1  
exhibits )9 its folds v>i\s k9ds (      
lesions or sores3 !y consi/ ( l>ge flat 
/a9s ( a d>ki% r$1 m or less s(t1 &     
sometimes ulc]ations r$ on _! deep      
surface1 ) clean edges4  ,z = !         
inte/9es1 prop]ly s call$1 ! duod5um %[s
 ! same injuries1 b mo/ g5]ally l>ge    
ec*ymos$ spots4  ,! small inte/9e appe>s
 on ! outside1 ev5 :5 x pres]ves its    
place 9 ! abdom51 ( a r$di% col\r1 l9$ )
 vessels di/5d$ ) blood1 ! signs ( a    

g5]al conge/ion ( its membranes4 ,!     
exam9ation ( ! muc\s membrane1 aft] x   
has be5 cut op5 l5g?ways1 %[s1 inde$1 t 
?is portion ( ! dige/ive tube is !      
pr9cipal seat ( ! di/emp]2 =1           
indep5d5tly ( ?is g5]al injection1 y    
p]ceive ulc]ations :i* h succe$$ to     
deta*$ pu/ules or l5g?y flat spots1 !   
result ( a clu/] ( sev]al ( ,pey]'s     
gl&s1 br\ght toge!r by ! pla/ic influ5ce
 ( inflammation4 ,^! flat spots1 or     
waf]s1 v simil> to ^? we obs]ve 9 !     
typhoid fev] ( man1 are inflam$ &       
ulc]at$ 9 diff]5t degrees4  ,! muc\s    
membrane ( ! l>ge inte/9e exhibits      
lesions dep5d+ on ! p]iod ( ! disease4  
,ab\t ! ?ird p]iod1 ! injection is      
sometimes g5]al1 especially ne> !       
rectum2 b 9 ! f\r? & la/ p]iod we (t5   
meet ) ulc]ations :i* are small] 9 !    
upp] "p1 l>g] & deep] ab\t ! l[] or     
rectal "p4 ,! membrane ( ! sexual p>ts (
 ! c[ is /rongly inject$1 & ( a dull r$ 
col\r4  ,z we h se51 ! diff]5t organs ( 
! dige/ive app>atus may1 9 ?is typhus1  

(f] to view ext5sive alt]ations p]fectly
 consi/5t ) ! gravity ( ! symptoms or ! 
functional d]angem5ts4 ,9 two cases 9   
:i* disord]s ( ! respiration _h         
prevail$1 & :i* _h be5 sacrific$ on !   
eigh? or t5? day ( ! disease1 we only   
obs]v$ p>tial injections ( a v limit$   
"*1 ei!r on ! ga/ric membranes or on t (
 ! inte/9e1 & :i* might h be5 detect$ 9 
! case ( common inte/9al inflammation4  
,!re=e1 9 ^! two cases1 ! *>act]i/ic    
lesions ( ! typhus1 if !y mu/ be        
localiz$ 9 ! inte/9e1 71 s to speak1    
absolutely want+4 ,x 01 we w n say      
exactly ! same1 on f\r o!r animals1 ?ree
 ox5 & "o c[2 b if1 9 two ( !m1 ! f\r?  
/oma* 0 inflam$1 if 9 ! ?ird ! small    
inte/9e 0 conge/$1 & if1 la/ly1 9 ! c[ !
 l>ge inte/9e %[$ ulc]ations1 we c\ld n 
9 ^! lesions di/+ui% ^? ( typhoid fev]4 
,^! facts /ruck u ) great surprise1 = we
 7 f> f suspect+ !m4 ,we hop$1 on op5+ !
 inte/9e ( ^! animals1 :i* _h c]ta9ly   
all di$ ( ! typhus1 to meet assur$ly 9 a
 det]m9$ spot "s well-kn[n lesion decl>$

 be=eh&4 ,to our great a/oni%m5t1 su*   
has n always be5 ! case4 ,s t our       
!ories1 conclusive z !y seem$ on !      
id5tity ( ! ox typhus & ! typhoid fev] 9
 man1 & :i* m ?an anyone else we wi%$ to
 see confirm$1 mu/ submit to obs]vation4
  ,9 f9e1 9 ?is epizootia ! inte/9al    
lesions or sores pres5t diff]5t         
appe>ances4 ,develop$ to ! utmo/ 9 "s   
cases1 s mu* s z to exhibit ulc]ations  
at ! root ( ! tongue z well z 9 !       
inte/9es1 & to be 9 a mann] ! excess ( !
 injuries :i* are se5 9 typhoid fev]1 !y
 are 9 o!r cases sc>cely p]ceptible1 &  
sometimes entirely abs5t1 :5 ! animal is
 /ruck d[n 9 ! ?ird or f\r? p]iod1 t is 
to say1 :5 ! exan!matic or pu/ul> /ate  
has _h "t to develope itself on !       
dige/ive *annels4 ,"o ( ^! animals seiz$
 by ,mr4 ,tegg at ! ,camd5 ,t[n m>ket1 0
 9 su* a /ate ( exhau/ion t he c\ld n be
 driv5 to ! slaught]-h\se1 only two     
hundr$ y>ds di/ant2 !y 7 =c$ to fell him
 on ! spot midway1 9 ord] to h him      
convey$ to ! place ( dissection4 ,we    

only detect$ p>tial injections on !     
dige/ive tube ( ?is bea/4 ,! pulmon>y   
emphysema :i* _h caus$ ?is animal's dea?
 0 develop$ 9 ! highe/ degree4--,he 0   
op5$ at ! reque/ ( ,m4 ,b\ley1 ( ,al=t4 
,app>atus ( ,respiration4--,"h1 aga91 ! 
typhus %[s u injuries :i* diff] f ^? (  
typhoid fev]2 = if ! brea?+ is always m 
or less ob/ruct$ at ! outbreak ( ?is    
fev]1 no s]i\s organic *ange 9 ! lungs  
is ! consequ5ce !re(4 ,9 ! ox typhus1 on
 ! contr>y1 :5 ! pulmon>y =m prevails1 !
 d]angem5ts ( ! respiratory organs are  
rem>kable4 ,?us1 ! muc\s membrane ( !   
no/rils1 f :i* fl[s a purul5t & fetid   
mucus1 is sometimes ulc]at$ & excoriat$4
 ,! l>ynx & ! tra*ea or w9dpipe1 *ok$ up
 ) fro?y mucus1 %[ ! same alt]ations1   
?\gh less frequ5tly4 ,! lungs1 :i* are r
 conge/$ ?an inflam$1 are emphysemat\s1 
! air hav+ ent]$ & di/5d$ ! cellul>     
tissue :i* unites ! lobes toge!r4  ,9 "s
 cases1 ! lungs are s gorg$ ) air t _!  
lobes con/itute b a s+le heap1 r5d]+ !m 
irrecognisable1 s greatly d _! volume1  

_! specific gravity1 & _! spongy a]i=m  
aspect diff] f ! natural /ate4          
,app>atus ( ,circulation4--,! inn] sides
 ( ! he>t %[ ec*ymos$ spots1 & ! same is
 ! case ) ! l>g] vessels4 ,! blood1     
dim9i%$ 9 its quantity & alt]$ 9 its    
quality1 is blacki% & m fluid2 b 9 mo/  
cases x coagulates in/antane\sly & 9 a  
mass1 )\t sep>at+ into its solid &      
liquid p>ts4  ,n]v\s ,sy/em4--,hav+     
obs]v$ & dissect$ ! dead bodies at !    
slaught]-h\ses ( ! m>kets1 we 7 n able  
to exam9e ei!r ! bra9 or ! sp9al m>r[4  
,besides1 let u rem>k 9 ?is place1 t !  
mode ( fell+ cattle 9 ,engl& w\ld h     
r5d]$ impossible su* an exam9ation4 ,= !
 animals are /ruck ) a club1 :i* kills  
!m bo? by c]ebral concussion & by !     
direct alt]ation ( ! bra92 ! in/rum5t   
hav+ a %>p end :i* p]=ates ! skull &    
injures ! c]ebral lobes4 ,nor is ?is    
all2 ! mom5t ! animal is /ruck d[n1 a   
flexible rod is ins]t$ into ! hole made 
9 ! skull1 & driv5 z f> z ! sp9al canal1
 s z to te> to pieces ! protub]ance & ! 

bulb1 t is to say1 ! vital knot4 ,?is   
mann] ( kill+ cattle seems to u1 h[ev]1 
pref]able to ! "o adopt$ 9 ,france1 :]e 
! animal does n s9k till he has be5     
/ruck repeat$ly ) ! club4  ,b be t z x  
may1 ^? au?ors :o h exam9$ ! n]v\s      
c5tres ( horn$ cattle :i* _h p]i%$      
victims ( ! typhus1 h usually f\nd !    
m5+es1 or membranes t envelope ! bra91  
inject$1 :il/ ! bra9 itself 0 slightly  
dott$ ov] ) blood4  ,^! anatomical      
lesions ( ! n]v\s c5tres be+ insuffici5t
 ( !mselves to expla9 ! dea? at ! second
 p]iod1 we h endeav\r$ to give !        
explanation ( x 9 treat+ ( ! symptoms4  
,! o!r organs1 ! sple51 ! liv]1 !       
kidneys1 pres5t alt]ations ( a second>y 
int]e/ only4   ,,iii4                   
,diagnosis--,prognosis--,use ( ! ,fle% (
 ,animals :i* h       ,di$ ( !          
,typhus--,dang] ( direct ,absorption4   
,! typhus ( ! ox has su* di/9ct &       
/rongly m>k$ *>act]i/ics t x is n easily
 mi/ak54 ,h[ev]1 to con=m ourselves to  
receiv$ cu/om1 ,i w say "s words ab\t ! 

pr9cipal symptoms ( "s di/emp]s affect+ 
! ox1 betwe5 :i* & typhus unpr(essional 
p]sons might be emb>rass$1 & hesitate to
 di/+ui% !m4 ,we w transf]1 h[ev]1 ^?   
p>ticul>s p]ta9+ to ! diagnosis to ! "p 
writt5 = ! special use ( agriculturi/s1 
f>m]s1 & grazi]s1 9 ord] t !y may       
readily f9d :atev] x may be necess>y =  
!m to "k :5 !y *ance to h any sick &    
ta9t$ cattle to treat & cure4  ,we h    
likewise a few words to say on ! subject
 ( ! prognosis ( ! disease1 z reg>ds its
 propagation & its "t ( la/+4 ,f9ally1  
we w unfold a "q ( v real importance 9  
hygi5e--we mean ! use & consumption ( ! 
fle% ( animals z food1 & ! dang] :i* may
 accrue to man & o!r animals f contact )
 _! dead bodies1 or fragm5ts ( ! same4  
,! diseases ( ! ox1 :i* we are accu/om$ 
to consid] z di/+ui%$ f typhus1 are !   
contagi\s p]ipneumonia1 ! ap?\s fev]1 & 
! *>bonneux typhus2 b1 z we h j said1 we
 w m5tion by-&-by _! *ief *>act]i/ics4  
,ev]yone is anxi\s1 & natural inde$ is t
 anxiety1 to "k :at ?is epizootia w     

become--:at w be its c\rse2 h[ long x w 
la/2 :e!r x w ext5d its ravages ov] !   
:ole ext5t ( ! ?ree k+doms2 & if1 9 f9e1
 x w invade all ,europe4  ,to answ] 9 a 
precise mann] ^! que/ions w\ld be a     
difficult task2 = :o among/ u c assign  
at pres5t any def9ite c\rse to !        
atmosph]ic v>iations8 & yet !y h a g5u9e
 influ5ce on ! progress ( ! epizootia4  
,on ! o!r h&1 ! measures :i* h be5 tak5 
hi!rto to conf9e ! contagion to its     
diff]5t foci1 h unhappily prov$ almo/   
ineffectual1 b x may be hop$ t1 assi/$  
by exp]i5ce1 we %all be able to resi/ ! 
evil m effectually1 & *eck its          
propagation4  ,if ! atmosph]ic          
conditions & ! prev5tive measures c\ld n
 modify ! spread ( ! di/emp]1 we %\ld h 
reason to dread a /ill great] ext5sion (
 ! contagion2 = ! virul5t "* ( !        
epizootia appe>s to be ( an exceptional 
int5sity1 & we may p]haps comp>e x ) !  
fam\s epizootia1 ( ! middle ( ! eighte5?
 c5tury1 :i* = t5 ye>s afflict$ all     
,europe ) its ravages1 /rik+ d[n six    

millions ( horn$ cattle4  ,let ! read]  
ca/ an eye ov] ! extracts borr[$ f !    
physicians ( ! pr9cipal faculties :o h  
describ$ ?is typhus1 & :i* we h         
reproduc$ 9 ! fir/ "p ( ?is book relat+ 
to its hi/ory1 & he w !n be conv9c$ t ! 
disease is absolutely ! same z t :i* !n 
rag$ s fi]cely4 ,& if t is ! case1 we   
mu/ anticipate t x w ext5d its ravages  
:il/ prolong+ its duration4 ,already x  
has spread to ,holl& & ,belgium2 ,hung>y
 & o!r prov9ces 9 ! s\?-ea/ ( ,g]many--a
 fact mu* less surpris+--are likewise   
smitt5 ) x2 & n[ we he> ! news t        
,france1 ?\gh s vigilantly on h] gu>d1  
has se5 h] fronti]s pass$ ov]4 ,9 spite 
( ! cordon sanitaire :i* %e _h prud5tly 
e/abli%$ ev]y:]e1 "s horn$ cattle h be5 
seiz$ ) ! typhus at ! t[n ( ,raubaix1 9 
! nor?4  ,)\t sett+ ourselves up z      
pessimi/s1 let u decl>e t we mu/ expect 
t ! contagion w cont9ue to spread4 ,let 
u make up our m9ds to ?is1 9 ord] to    
take ! necess>y sanit>y measures1 & set 
ourselves s]i\sly to "w by try+ !       

prev5tive treatm5t4 ,b1 alas6 betwe5 !  
,gov]nm5t1 ! municipal corporations1 !  
agricultural societies1 ! cattle        
proprietors1 &1 ) regret we add1 !      
vet]9>y surgeons1 !re has be5 sadly     
want+1 up to ! pres5t "t1 t mutual      
und]/&+2 t prompt & decisive action1 &  
^? pecuni>y advances :i* are s necess>y 
to enc\nt] & cont5d ) ?is great         
calamity4  ,z = e/imat+ ) any approa* to
 accuracy ! sacrifice ( prop]ty2 !      
pecuni>y loss1 :i* ?is fatal epizootic  
may occasion ! c\ntry1 ! want ( exact   
/ati/ics z to ! numb] ( cattle :i* h    
already be5 /ruck d[n w n p]mit u to d  
x4 ,b we may1 p]haps1 already set x d[n 
approximately f #ej1jjj to #fj1jjj head 
( cattle = ,engl& & ,scotl&1 until we h 
obta9$ m precise /ati/ical in=mation on 
?is significant po9t ( inquiry4  ,t w\ld
 repres5t1 h[ev]1 a v consid]able       
capital2 = if we compute ! loss ( ea*   
animal at ! av]age sum ( #ael4 only1 !  
sacrifice already incurr$ w\ld n be less
 ?an f #gej1jjjl4 to #ijj1jjjl4 ,?is    

sacrifice 9 money might possibly h prov$
 ! be all & ! end all2 & at ?is po9t we 
might1 p]haps1 h arre/$ ! contagion1 _h 
we all be5 able to act advis$ly &       
h>moni\sly toge!r1 9 ! "n & = ! int]e/ (
 ! public1 f ! fir/ appe>ance ( !       
disease4 ,b ?is calculation (1 let u    
say1 #ijj1jjjl41 is made on !           
supposition t ea* cattle own] _h be5    
will+ to abide by 8 own loss2 :]eas1    
un=tunately1 _m ( !m h /riv5 to %ift x  
on o!rs1 & l>ge numb]s ( ! sick & ta9t$ 
bea/s hav+ be5 sold & consum$1 a        
proportionate sum ?us recov]$ by ^?     
av>ici\s m5 mu/ be ( c\rse d$uct$ f ?is 
e/imate4 ,d$uct$1 inde$6 ,consid]+ !    
consequ5ces on ! public heal?1 is x n r 
an aggravation ?an a mitigation ( !     
loss8  ,^! la/ ass]tions naturally lead 
u to inquire :e!r we are n ju/ifi$ 9    
say+ t ! fle% ( sick & ta9t$ cattle1 ?us
 circulat$ & consum$1 has n _h its      
baleful effects on ! public heal?4  ,!  
but*]s :o sold ! fle% ( ^! sick & ta9t$ 
cattle h no d\bt be5 c>eful to ab/a9 f  

us+ x 9 _! own families2 & ! fir/ "t !y 
speculat$ on ! heal? ( _! fell[-citiz5s1
 well kn[+ :at !y did1 _! consci5ce     
probably reproa*$ !m ) ! misdemean\r4 ,b
 aft]w>ds1 :5 no bad consequ5ces to _!  
cu/om]s _h be5 se51 _! own impunity1    
jo9$ to ?is app>5t h>mlessness to _!    
neighb\rs1 r5d]$ !m bold]1 & x became a 
daily habit ) !m to sell ?is peccant    
(fal1 :i* poisons ev5 ! e>? by its      
contact4  ,moreov]1 ! grazi]s !mselves 7
 9 league ) ! but*]s1 & took c>e to     
slaught] ! affect$ animals be=e ! wa/+ (
 _! fle% by ! progress ( ! di/emp] _h   
b]eft !m ( _! greate/ value4 ,_! private
 int]e/ prompt+ !m ?us to dispose ( !   
sick animals z fa/ z !y c\ld1 ! majority
 ( ! ta9t$ bea/s 7 sold & eat5 9 !      
second /age or p]iod ( ! typhus4  ,n[1  
if ! fle% ( ^! diseas$ animals _h be5   
eat5 raw1 accid5ts mo/ t]rible & appall+
 w\ld c]ta9ly h be5 ! consequ5ce1 al?\gh
 dogs may h f$ ^u x )\t injury4 ,b !    
cook+ ( animal fle% at #ajj degrees (   
heat has ! prop]ty ( de/roy+ = a "t !   

septic g]ms1 z ! fam\s debates n[ be+   
held by ! exp]im5tali/s :o are /udy+ !  
subject ( spontane\s g5]ation t5d to %[4
 ,?is poison\s meat1 !re=e1 may at fir/ 
h be5 dige/$ )\t produc+ imm$iate ill   
effects4  ,our m$ical practice1 h[ev]1  
au?orizes u to decl>e t1 aft] mak+ e    
all[ance = ! influ5ces ( ?is            
extraord9>ily hot summ]1 dige/ive &     
n]v\s compla9ts ( ! acute/ description1 
& )\t any special cause to acc\nt = !m1 
h be5 v num]\s inde$ dur+ ! la/ two     
mon?s1 & beyond all proportion great]   
?an !y usually are 9 ,london4 ,& we _c b
 feel t1 if ! *ol]a %\ld rea* ! %ores ( 
,engl& at ?is critical conjuncture1 x w 
f9d organisms mo/ ready to receive its  
virus4 ,!n1 inde$1 if ! typhic miasma   
come to mix & bl5d ) ! *ol]aic miasma1  
all liv+ be+s w h to cont5d ) ! mo/     
delet]i\s causes ( alt]ations 9 _!      
heal?1 & we may 7,god s5d x be o!rwise67
 witness "o ( ^? measureless calamities 
:i*1 kn[n 9 =m] ages z ! ,black         
,pe/il5ce1 decimat$ cattle & m5         

indiscrim9ately1 & :i*1 :5 we read !    
sorr[ful acc\nts ( x 9 hi/ory1 make !   
fle% creep ) affright4  ,we s9c]ely hope
 t su* mis=tunes may be sp>$ u4 ,b ought
 we to ab/a9 entirely & absolutely f    
consum+ ! fle% ( cattle smitt5 ) typhus8
 ,x is a delicate "q1 b /ill we %all    
answ] x1 mak+ due all[ance = e int]e/   
conc]n$4  ,we conceive t all animals :i*
 are smitt5 ) ! e>ly effects ( !        
disord]1 :i* beg9 to op]ate at ! op5+ ( 
its second p]iod1 t is to say1 :5 ! fir/
 symptoms are decl>$1 su* z /upor1 loss 
( appetite & %iv]+s1 may be h&$ ov] to !
 but*]s4 ,b ?is mu/ only be done on !   
positive und]/&+ & condition t e animal1
 sick or n sick1 9 times ( epizootia1   
%all pass1 ei!r 9 ! f>m1 ! m>ket1 or !  
/able1 "u ! exam9ation ( a compet5t     
vet]9>y inspector1 :o %all m>k ! bea/ :5
 fit to be sold = consumption4 ,) ?is   
precaution1 :i* at pres5t is put 9      
practice 9 ,belgium1 e int]e/ is c>$ = &
 gu>d$--^? ( ! public heal? z well z ^? 
( ! cattle own]s4  ,b !re is ano!r "q ( 

"s importance :i* des]ves to fix our    
att5tion = a mom5t4 ,p sometimes inquire
 :e!r ! ox-typhus c be communicat$ to   
o!r animals1 & ev5 to man1 ei!r by      
contact1 by direct absorption1 or by    
inhal+ ! miasma float+ 9 ! atmosph]e4   
,exp]im5ts ( great int]e/ might be made 
on ?is subject2 b we c already ass]t1 on
 ! evid5ce ( facts publicly kn[n1 t !   
direct absorption ( putrid matt] &      
purul5t secretions1 & likewise ! m]e    
contact ) ta9t$ fle%1 :5 ! epid]mis or  
sc>f-sk9 is crack$ or peel$ (f1 or :5 ! 
lea/ op5 sore exi/s1 may give access to 
! disease1 & produce dea?1 bo? 9 man &  
o!r animals4 ,9 ^! cases1 ! absorb$     
virus op]ates1 n z a specific ag5t1 giv+
 bir? to typhus1 b z a provocative      
septic ag5t1 end[$ ) infecti\s          
prop]ties1 :i* infuse into ! economy a  
g]m ( virul5t & mortal disease4 ,s long 
z a s\nd & intact out] sk9 /&s z a      
safegu>d betwe5 u & absorption1 we may  
fe>lessly t\* & h&le ! ta9t$ fle% ( ^!  
animals4 ,b ! slighte/ sore or abrasion 

is an op5 door to let 9 dea?4 ,a "y     
vet]9>y surgeon1 :o _h a slight w\nd 9  
"o ( 8 arms1 0 c>ri$ (f )9 =ty-eight    
h\rs1 z 0 prov$ at a coron]'s inque/1   
aft] he _h dissect$ an ox :i* _h di$ ( !
 typhus4,p  ,we see by ?is fatal example
 t we mu/ be p>ticul>ly c>eful n to t\* 
an ox ta9t$ ) typhus :5 we c>ry ab\t u  
any op5 sore1 unless we take ! utmo/    
precaution 9 ord] to gu>d aga9/ all     
direct contact or absorption4 ,man1 z we
 h said & %[n1 brea!s ) comp>ative      
impunity an atmosph]e lad5 ) ! infecti\s
 miasma ( ?is typhus4 ,b t :i* to-day is
 true may n be true to-morr[2 let u1    
!re=e1 be also on our gu>d aga9/ ! too  
cont9u\s absorption ( an atmosph]e      
impregnat$ ) ^! delet]i\s pr9ciples4  ,z
 = h]bivor\s animals 9 g5]al1 a simil>  
organization mu/1 9 _! cases1 pr$ispose 
!m to receive ! contagion4 ,:5ev] we    
visit ! m>kets1 we _c help fe>+ to see !
 ox typhus communicat$ to ! %eep & pigs 
:i* are /ation$ ar\nd !m4 ,x is an      
unque/ionable fact t1 9 c]ta9           

epizootias1 all animals )\t di/9ction h 
be5 smitt5 & /ruck d[n1 & ! h]bivor\s   
animals m rapidly ?an any o!r4 ,! habit 
( collect+ su* va/ numb]s ( cattle 9 !  
same m>ket1 & on ! same day1 ?\gh       
conv5i5t = bus9ess1 appe>s to u         
injudici\s1 especially dur+ ! preval5ce 
( ?is sc\rge4  ,?is "p ( our treatise 0 
9 ! pr9t]'s h&s :5 ,mr4 ,simonds wrote a
 lett] to ! ,privy ,c\ncil :i* ju/ifies 
all our appreh5sions4 ,! typhus ( ! ox  
has be5 communicat$ to a numb] ( %eep1 &
 we mu/ all expect to see ?is cruel     
disease assume mu* l>g] proportions ?an 
h]et(ore1 s9ce x has n[ obta9$ a second 
focus = its ma9t5ance & dissem9ation4   
,vet]9>y ,dep>tm5t1 #bc1 ,new-/reet1    
,spr+-g>d5s1       ,sept4 #be?4         
,,sir1--,i beg to report t1 act+ on !   
in/ructions receiv$ f y to inve/igate   
)\t loss       ( "t ! /atem5t receiv$ at
 y\r (fice relative to an       outbreak
 ( ! cattle plague 9 a remote "p ( !    
c\nty       ( ,norfolk1 suppos$ to h    
aris5 f cattle hav+ be5       9 contact 

) "s diseas$ %eep1 rec5tly br\ght to !  
premises1 ,i h visit$ ! di/rict 9 "q1 & 
inquir$ into all ! circum/ances ( !     
case4        ,x appe>s t z f> back z !  
#ag? ( ,augu/ ,mr4 ,c4       ,temple1   
f>m] & m]*ant1 ( ,blak5ey1 receiv$ on 8 
f>m #abj lambs :i* he _h in/ruct$ a     
deal] to procure       = him = fe$+     
purposes4        ,! lambs 7 b\ght at    
,!t=d-fair on ! prec$+       day1 & 7   
imm$iately s5t by rail to ,fak5ham1 f   
:i* place !y 7 driv5 to ,blak5ey1 a     
di/ance (       ab\t t5 miles4 ,on _!   
arrival !y appe>$ to be       fatigu$ to
 a great] ext5t ?an ord9>y1 :i* 01      
h[ev]1 attribut$ to ! heat ( ! wea!r & !
       ex]tion ! animals _h und]gone4   
,9 addition to ?is1 ! %eph]d obs]v$ t   
sev]al (       !m seem$ unwell1 & he    
rem>k$ to 8 ma/] t !y       did n appe> 
to be a 'v heal?y lot1' & t he          
?\ght x w\ld be bett] to return !m to ! 
deal]4       ,)9 a day or two ( ?is "t !
 symptoms ( illness       7 m m>k$ 9 all
 ! orig9al cases1 & _m m (       !      

animals _h be5 attack$4 ,on ! #bd? two (
 ! wor/       cases 7 remov$ f ! field  
to ! f>m premises1 &       7 plac$ 9 a  
%$ = treatm5t1 9 :i* aft]w>ds a       c[
 0 put4 ,on ! #be? two ( ! lambs di$1 & 
9       consequ5ce ( ?is1 & ( ! l>ge    
numb] :i* 7 n[       affect$1 ! :ole 7  
br\ght1 on ! morn+ ( !       #bg?1 into 
! same y>d :]e ! %$ previ\sly allud$    
to 0 situat$4 ,!re is also ano!r %$1    
sep>at$ f       ?is y>d only by "s old  
furze faggots1 into :i* !       c[s 7   
driv5 night & morn+ = be+ milk$4 ,!     
lambs rema9$ 9 ! y>d till ! morn+ ( !   
#bh?1       :5 hav+ _h "s m$ic9e        
adm9i/]$ to !m1 !y       7 return$ to ! 
fold & nev] came aga9 ne> !       c[s4  
,:ile 9 ! y>d ?ree di$1 two on ! #bg?1 &
 "o on       ! #bh?1 & on ! foll[+ day  
two o!rs di$ 9 !       field4 ,f ?is "t 
! disease w5t on1 s t by       ,friday  
la/1 ! #bbnd ( ,septemb]1 ! day ( my    
visit1       =ty-six _h ei!r di$ or be5 
kill$1 & tw5ty-sev5       7 9 a v       
prec>i\s condition4        ,on ! #g? (  

,septemb]1 t5 days aft] ! la/ exposure  
to ! %eep1 a c[ gave evid5ce ( be+      
affect$ ) !       cattle plague1 ?is    
animal be+ ! "o :i* _h be5 put          
into ! %$ occupi$ by ! diseas$ %eep on !
 #bd? (       ,augu/4 ,a second c[ 0    
attack$ on ! #aa? ( ,septemb]1       & a
 ?ird %ortly aft]w>ds1 :i* 0 foll[$ by  
o!rs2 s t by ! #af? all ! c[s1 six 9    
numb]1 a       heif]1 & a calf1 7 all   
dead4        ,my exam9ation ( ! lambs   
%[$ t !y 7       unmi/akably ! subjects 
( ! plague4 ,! symptoms agre$       9   
almo/ e p>ticul> ) ^? obs]v$ 9 cattle   
affect$ ) ! malady1 & ! po/-mortem      
appe>ances       7 also id5tical4       
,) a view to asc]ta9 ! true nature ( !  
*anges       produc$ 9 ! sy/em prior to 
dea?1 ,i _h f\r ( !       lambs kill$1 &
 f ^! ,i took "s diseas$ p>ts &         
=w>d$ !m to ! ,royal ,vet]9>y ,college  
)\t note       or comm5t4 ,^! p>ts 7    
exam9$ by my colleague1 ,mr4            
,v>nell1 :o at once recognis$ ! special 
*anges (       /ructure :i* are caus$ by

 ! cattle plague4        ,! :ole facts (
 ! case leave n ! lea/ d\bt (       %eep
 be+ liable to ! disease t]m$ ! cattle  
plague1       & t :5 affect$ !y c easily
 communicate !       malady to ! ox     
tribe2 & moreov]1 t :5 s convey$       x
 proves equally z de/ructive z :5       
propagat$ f ox       to ox 9 ! ord9>y   
mann]4        ,! case is also m         
important f hav+ occurr$ 9 a       place
 no less ?an f\rte5 miles di/ant f any  
o!r       :]e ! cattle plague exi/s1 ?us
 plac+ beyond a d\bt       ! fact ( !   
malady be+ introduc$ among ! cattle by  
! %eep alone4        ,i regret to add t 
?is is n a solit>y case ( %eep       be+
 affect$ by ! cattle plague4 ,i le>n$ t 
"s       %eep 7 suppos$ to be simil>ly  
affect$ belong+ to       ,mr4 ,r4 ,j4   
,h4 ,h>vey1 ,m4,p41 on 8 e/ate at ,cr[n 
,po9t1       ne> ,norwi*4 ,?is place ,i 
also visit$1 & f\nd a l>ge       flock (
 upw>ds ( #bjjj lambs1 among :i* !      
malady 0       prevail+4 ,a l>ge numb]  
_h be5 sep>at$ f !       diseas$1 & gave

 no evid5ce ( ! malady4 ,v _m1          
h[ev]1 _h di$1 & ! disease 0 mak+ rapid 
progress4 ,i also exam9$ _m ( ! dead1 & 
f\nd !       po/-mortem appe>ances to be
 id5tical ) ^? se5 9       ! o!r cases  
spok5 ( 9 ?is report4        ,9 ?is     
in/ance ! malady 0 br\ght into ! e/ate  
by       ! pur*ase ( "s cattle1 :i*     
aft]w>ds di$ f !       disease1 & :i* 7 
un=tunately pa/ur$ ) !       %eep at !  
"t ! disease manife/$ itself4        ,! 
:ole matt] is "o ( ! greate/ importance1
 &       :i* ,i lose no "t 9 submitt+ to
 y = !       in=mation ( ! ,lords ( !   
,c\ncil4        ,i h ! hon\r to be1     
,sir1 y\r mo/ ob$i5t s]vant1            
,,jas4 ,b4 ,,simonds4   ,,iv4           
,g5]al ,consid]ations on ! ,ox-,typhus1 
& !       ,recapitulation ( ! ,symptoms4
  ,we h se5 ! causes1 ! symptoms1 & !   
cadav]ic alt]ations ( ! ,bov9e typhus1 &
 we may !re=e apply ourselves at pres5t 
to ! consid]ation ( its pa?og5ia & its  
nature4 ,only1 ! limits ( ?is book w n  
admit ( a complete discussion ( e po9t (

 ?is important "q ( pa?ology2 = if we   
desir$ to %[ 9 :at respect ! typhus     
diff]s f1 & 9 :at respect x resembles1  
su* & su* a morbid entity1 febrile1     
infecti\s & contagi\s l x1 su* a        
diss]tation w\ld require a :ole volume =
 itself2 we are !re=e oblig$ to keep )9 
c]ta9 limits4  ,l e wat*ful physician :o
 has appli$ himself to ! /udy (         
comp>ative pa?ology1 we ent]ta9$ our own
 preconceiv$ op9ions z to ! nature ( ?is
 ,cattle ,plague4 ,argu+  priori f :at  
we knew1 f ! laws ( ! pa?og5ia ( ^?     
exan!matic diseases :i* we h allud$ to 9
 a =m] *apt]2 f ! id5tity ( v>iola 9    
v>i\s animals2 f ! prev5tive treatm5t to
 :i* ?is id5tity has l$2 believ+ t      
animals & man h ea* _! typhoid fev]1 z  
!y h _! v>iola or small-pox2 consid]+ ) 
! ,ecole de ,t\rs1 typhoid fev] z a     
v>iola ( ! inte/9al muc\s membrane1 &   
hav+ propos$1 9 #ahee1,q to adopt       
inoculation z a prev5tive treatm5t1     
draw+ an easy comp>ison betwe5 ! typhus 
we are n[ obs]v+ & ! typhoid fev] 9 man2

 hop+1 we may say1 inde$1 to f9d 9 ?is  
typhus ! inoculative & prev5tive virus  
:i* is requir$ = our typhoid fev]1 all w
 und]/& ) :at eag] & vivid curiosity we 
h exam9$ ! entrails ( ! victims /ruck   
d[n by ?is epizootia4 ,=1 if ?is typhus 
_h be5 a g5u9e typhoid fev]1 ! bov9e    
species :i* has already provid$ !       
prev5tive virus = small-pox1 w\ld       
equally h af=d$ u ! prev5tive virus =   
typhoid fev]4 ,9 ?is hypo!sis1 our      
proposal to inoculate ! typhoid fev]1   
:i* up to ?is "t has be5 tri$ on horses 
only1 & 9 exp]im5ts badly conduct$1 by  
pupils ( ! ,vet]9>y ,s*ool ( ,lyons1 0  
p]haps on ! eve ( be+ realis$4 ,b we    
regret to say1 we h be5 =c$ to submit to
 evid5ce1 & to ackn[l$ge t ! pres5t     
infecti\s typhus is n ! "o we require to
 provide u ) ! anti-typhoid virus4  ,9 !
 same mann] z pa?ologi/s disagree z to !
 "q1 :e!r ! typhus & typhoid fev] 9 man 
are "o & ! same disease1 s %\ld we long 
debate1 )\t com+ to an agreem5t1 z to t 
:i* relates to ! typhus & typhoid fev] (

 ! ox4 ,we _c pret5d to produce a       
reconciliation betwe5 ^! diss5ti5t      
s*ools2 all we desire1 is to sum up :at 
obs]vation has sugge/$ to u1 on acc\nt (
 ! practical & !rapeutic int]e/ belong+ 
to ! subject4  ,= ourselves1 ! typhus & 
! typhoid fev] ( ! ox are two diseases (
 ! same ord]1 b nev]!less di/9ct2 & !   
reasons ^u :i* we gr\nd our op9ion are  
sugge/$ to u by ! nature ( ! inte/9al   
lesions1 ! symptoms1 & causes ( ^!      
di/emp]s4  ,z we h already se51 !       
contagi\s typhus ( ! ox1 at lea/ t ( !  
pres5t epizootia1 is an infecti\s       
disease1 :i* v>ies 9 ! int5sity ( !     
functional disord]s & ! cadav]ic lesions
 to :i* x gives rise4 ,! typhoid fev]1  
we mean ! real "o1--= !re are o!r       
inte/9al exan!matic fev]s :i* simulate  
x1--always localize on ! small inte/9es 
a pu/ul\s exan!m1 & 9 ! typhus ( ! ox1  
?is pu/ul\s exan!m & ! ulc]ations by :i*
 x is succe$$1 are frequ5tly want+4  ,! 
real typhoid fev] spr+s up 9 e c\ntry "u
 ! influ5ce ( local causes1 & is n 9 !  

same degree infecti\s & contagi\s z !   
typhus prop]4 ,9 f9e1 ! typhoid fev]    
smites _m species ( animals--! horse1 ! 
pig1 etc41 )\t transmitt+ its contagion 
) ! same int5sity4  ,! contagi\s typhus 
( ! ox appe>s to be m especially prop]  
to t animal2 = 9 ^? latitudes :]e x     
developes itself o!r animals are n      
affect$ by x4  ,= ^! reasons1 !n1 to :i*
 we c\ld easily add _m o!rs1 we consid] 
! typhus ( ! pres5t epizootia a special 
& di/9ct type ( typhic diseases1 &      
diff]+ f ! typhoid fev]3 x is ! highe/  
expression ( its class1 & occupies !    
fir/ degree 9 ! scale ( infecti\s typhic
 diseases4 ,next to x we %\ld place !   
typhoid fev]1 :i* we admit is n (t5 f\nd
 9 ! ox4 ,b vet]9>y pa?ology is /ill    
less und]/ood ?an human pa?ology1 &     
typhoid fev] may p]haps be recognis$ 9  
^? diseases :i* ! =m] sci5ce has        
describ$ "u ! names ( adynamic & ataxic 
fev]s4 ,besides1 a p]si/5t rese>* among 
! vet]9>y memorials & reports might     
possibly enable u to discov] "s in/ances

 9 :i* ! real typhoid fev] 9 ! ox _h be5
 trac$1 ap>t f ! epizootic conditions4  
,"h is an in/ance ( x3--  ,gell1 9 vol4 
i4 page #bde ( ! ,pa?ologie ,bov9e1     
quotes ! foll[+ ab/ract :i* _h be5 =w>d$
 to him by "o ( 8 bre?r51 on !          
dissection ( an ox1 :i* 0 made on ! #aj?
 ( ,may1 #ahbd3--  ,duod5um4--,uni=m    
r$ness ( ! muc\s membrane1 ) ?ick5+1    
s(t5+1 & pete*ial spots4 ,9 ! middle    
portion 7 discov]$ "s ( ,pey]'s gl&s1   
small r\nd pu/ules1 :iti% at ! top1 ) a 
r$di% circumf]5ce4 ,9 "s p>ts contigu\s 
to ^! pu/ules lay ulc]ations some:at    
ext5sive1 :i* seem$ to be ! result ( !  
s(t5+ ( ! pu/ules :i* _h prec$$ !m4 ,a  
d>k pus issu$ f ^! ulc]ations4 ,!       
inflammation by :i* !y 7 att5d$ 0       
diffus$ 9 "s places1 :il/ 9 o!rs x 0    
circumscrib$4 ,9 "s p>ts ! inte/9al     
muc\s membrane 0 utt]ly de/roy$4 ,!     
mes5t]ic gl&s 7 r$ & s(t4  ,gell        
adds3--,i h record$ ?is int]e/+         
n>rative1 z x may p]haps s]ve h]eaft] to
 ?r[ light on a po9t ( doctr9e4  ,!     

int5tion :i* ,gell nurtur$ at ! "t1 is1 
we see1 n[ fulfill$ con=mably ) 8       
object4  ,! contagi\s typhus ( ! ox n   
be+ a real typhoid fev]1 we %all n1     
consequ5tly1 be able to borr[ f x !     
prev5tive virus = t disease 9 man4 ,b if
 ^! diseases diff]1 & if x is difficult1
 9 ! pres5t /ate ( sci5ce1 to assign to 
!m su* di/9ct *>act]s z to produce a    
p]fect agreem5t among all m$ical writ]s1
 we mu/1 h[ev]1 admit1 t to designate ! 
ox-typhus n[ be=e u by ! g5]ic "n (     
,,plague1 aft] ! ,g]mans1 :o h giv5 x ! 
"n ( ,,r9d]pe/1 w\ld c>ry u too f> back4
  ,let u ackn[l$ge also1 t ! d5om9ation 
( contagi\s typhus1 adopt$ by ! ,fr5*   
vet]9>y doctors1 is n1 any m ?an !      
designation ( ,,typhus ,,fev]1 appli$ to
 x by ,engli% physicians1 totally free f
 objection4  ,9 tru?1 ! v>i\s species ( 
typhus ^: *>act]i/ics we h already giv5 
7see p4 #gc71 are all ( !m febrile &    
contagi\s4 ,:oev] uses ! ^w typhus1     
speaks ( a contagi\s & febrile malady1  
inasmu* z we _c conceive typhus )\t its 

accompanim5ts1 fev] & contagion4 ,b z ! 
prevail+ *>act]i/ic ( ?is infecti\s     
disease is1 above all1 its contagion1 we
 h pref]r$ to adopt ! "n ( contagi\s    
typhus1 )\t1 h[ev]1 deceiv+ ourselves z 
to ! value ( ! d5om9ation4 ,! f9al      
elucidation has n yet be5 f\nd = ^!     
diseases2 at "s future day !y w be      
me?odically divid$ & arrang$1 & ea* ( !m
 w !n receive a special title1 :i* w    
remove f ! m9d t vague unc]ta9ty :i* at 
pres5t we regret4  ,b if "s faults (    
doctr9e are op5 to debate1 no d\bt      
:atev] c exi/ 9 ! m9d z to ! morbid     
individuality ( ox-typhus1 or ! g5]al   
conditions ( its pa?og5ia2 & we are able
 to d$uce f ! prec$+ explanation1 !     
foll[+ conclusions z s _m propositions  
def9itively settl$3--  #a/4 ,! typhus ( 
! ox is a disease ess5tially infecti\s1 
:i* is produc$ by ! absorption ( !      
morbig5\s miasma 9 ! air4  #bnd4 ,?is   
typhic miasma is absorb$ & eng5d]$ by ! 
ox1 "u ! influ5ce ( a numb] ( special   
delet]i\s causes4  #crd4 ,:5 ! miasma   

has be5 absorb$ & incubation produc$1 ! 
disease itself is b a supreme ef=t (    
nature--a /ruggle betwe5 ! vital =ces & 
! morbid evolution ( ! poison1 9 ord] to
 gu>d & def5d life aga9/ ! dang] :i*    
?reat5s x4  #d?4 ,a malady ess5tially   
g5]al1 totius sub/anti1 x directs its   
action1 9 diff]5t degrees1 ov] ! :ole   
/ructure1 b *iefly on ! n]v\s c5tres1 on
 ! organs ( respiration1 & on ! dige/ive
 app>atus4  #e?4 ,its progress is       
regul>2 to ! late/ p]iod ( incubation x 
succe$s t ( ! g5]al poison+ ( ! blood--t
 ( ! pyrexia ( g5]al fev]--:i* = a "t   
/ops up all ! secretions4 ,!n1 ! morbid 
flux is localiz$ accord+ to p>ticul>    
pr$ispositions3 ei!r on ! n]v\s c5tres1 
:5 ! animal is /ruck d[n at ! outbreak2 
or on ! lungs1 :5 ! respiratory         
d]angem5ts become ! lead+ symptoms2 or  
on ! dige/ive *annels1 :5 ! tra9 (      
typhoid ph5om5a is obs]vable4  #f?4 ,!  
p]iod ( acute inflammation1 :i* _h dri$ 
up ! s\rces ( secretion1 gives place to 
t ( ! depurative & critical exhalations 

or secretions2 f e muc\s membrane1 f e  
outlet1 !re issues a muc\s dis*>ge1 :i* 
at fir/ is ?9 & cle>1 b aft]w>ds becomes
 ?ick & purul5t1 & end[$ ) ! mo/        
infecti\s prop]ties4 ,! inte/9al muc\s  
membrane1 smitt5 ) a p>ticul> lesion1   
becomes ! seat ( a flux extremely copi\s
 & intol]ably fetid4 ,gases1 &          
occasionally purul5t deposits1 are      
develop$ 9 ! cellul> tissue b5ea? ! sk94
  #g?4 ,! organism or physical frame1   
di/urb$ 9 ! v c5tres ( life1 und]goes a 
g5]al trans=mation1 a k9d ( organic     
decomposition be=eh&1 & all ! symptoms (
 reaction are foll[$ by a p]iod ( wa/+  
atony & adynamia1 :i* u%] 9 dissolution 
or life's ext9ction4  #h?4 ,f9ally1     
?r\gh\t ! :ole c\rse ( ! di/emp]1 "o    
special functional d]angem5t--/upor--has
 be5 witness$ z ! pr$om9ant symptom1 !  
n]v\s sy/em be+ 9 a mann] annihilat$ 9  
its functions 9 consequ5ce ( ! g5]al    
infection4  ,su* are1 9 a brief outl9e1 
! pr9cipal symptoms ( ?is typhus1 :i*1  
:5 once engraft$ on ! economy1 pursues  

its fatal m>*1 & no treatm5t c !n arre/ 
its evolution4 ,z 9 small-pox1 s 9      
typhoid fev] & 9 mo/ g5]al disord]s1    
,nature = a "t mu/ be all[$ to ex]cise  
h] new functions1 :i* succe$ ea* o!r 9  
due c\rse1 & :i* ! physician mu/ n /op2 
= if he did1 he w\ld accel]ate dea?2 b  
he mu/ wat* ) a vigilant eye1 9 ord] to 
assi/ ! vital p[]s4  ,! m$ical man1     
satisfi$ ) ^! facts1 w !re=e ab&on !    
*im]ical hope ( f9d+ a specific rem$y = 
su* a disease4 ,! virus once absorb$1 ! 
frame w endure1 & fatally endure1 all ! 
morbid ph5om5a :i* mu/ produce & succe$ 
ea* o!r4 ,aga9/ su* a poison no o!r     
antidote exi/s ?an ! poison itself4 ,&  
?is w be easily und]/ood4 ,:at necessity
 h we = a specific rem$y to resi/ a     
di/emp]1 :i* c>ries )9 itself its       
prev5tive treatm5t8 ,if x g]m9ates & is 
propagat$1 let u n accuse ,nature & r5d]
 h] responsible2 our own bl9dness1 !    
lack ( a community ( int]e/s among ! p1 
our social in/itutions1 ! /ill imp]fect 
/ate ( ! exact sci5ces1 c41 amply expla9

 h[ x is t we h n yet employ$ !         
effectual means we possess1 n ( cur+ x1 
b prev5t+ x4 ,if we c\ld h our *oice    
betwe5 prev5tion & cure1 %\ld we n      
naturally take ! =m]8  ,inde$1 ! s\rces1
 ! causes :i* g5]ate ! typhic miasma1   
are ?or\ghly well kn[n to u1 & ^! we c  
avoid4 ,! develop$ miasms hang susp5d$ 9
 ! air2 we may1 p]haps1 "o day de/roy   
!m1 if n 9 ! out] atmosph]e1 at lea/ 9 !
 /alls & %$s :]e ! animals inhale &     
absorb !m4 ,9 f9e1 if we are p[]less to 
arre/ ! fell disease :5 its p]iods      
revolve1 we may hope at "s future "t to 
act ) great] effici5cy ^u x dur+ its    
p]iod ( incubation4  ,on ! o!r h&1 if   
?is =midable disease _c be /opp$ 9 its  
progress1 does x foll[ t we %\ld n treat
 x at all8 ,c]ta9ly n6 ,f> be su* a     
h]esy f our ?\ghts4 ,:at w\ld be !      
consequ5ce1 if we left to _! fate !     
suff]]s f ! small-pox1 f typhoid fev]1 &
 f typhus itself1 in/ead ( wat*+ ov] !m 
) ! utmo/ solicitude8 ,if ! physician1 !
 enlight5$ int]pret] ( morbid ph5om5a1  

did n direct !m ) a bold & fe>less h&1 b
 ab&on$ ,nature to h] helpless c\rse1   
:y1 necess>ily1 e pati5t w\ld die1 :]eas
 a l>ge numb] are n[ sav$4  ,t :i* is   
true 9 ! case ( man1 is likewise true 9 
! case ( animals3 we are b\nd to treat  
!m :5 !y are ill4 ,if to-day we ?9k x m 
exp$iti\s & m pr(itable to ext]m9ate !m1
 we c]ta9ly neglect our duty4 ,we are ! 
sov]eign ma/]s ( animals2 !y are !      
companions ( our toils & pleasures1 _!  
lives mu/ be giv5 to pres]ve our own2 b 
on _! well-be+ & _! happ9ess our own    
well-be+ & happ9ess also dep5d4 ,!y w   
return to u ! suff]+s & diseases ( :i*  
!y die a hundr$ times ov]4 ,l ourselves1
 !y die ( consumptive1 tub]cul>1        
canc]\s1 eruptive1 typhoid1 & p>asitical
 diseases4 ,& :o c tell :e!r !y h n     
communicat$ ^! disord]s to man1 :o 01   
p]haps1 orig9ally exempt f !m2 & :e!r !y
 d n cont9ually communicate !m to him8  
,:at noble pages might be writt5 on !   
close connexion :i* exi/s betwe5 all    
organiz$ be+s1 bo? physically & morally6

 ,let u love ^! animals1 let u treat !m 
) k9dness1 & all our o!r qualities w be 
rais$ by s do+4  ,b z a man mu/ belong  
to ! "t he lives 91 we w take up = a    
mom5t ) ! doctr9es ( ! economi/s2 we w  
tol]ate ! ext]m9ation ( diseas$ animals1
 z a pa9ful necessity4 ,our duty is to  
seek 9 ! /udy ( ! diseases ( animals & 9
 _! cure1 ! cure ( ! disord]s :i*       
afflict ! human species4 ,we %all1      
!re=e1 n[ proce$ to consid] ! subject ( 
! treatm5t ( horn$ cattle1 bo? z relates
 to prev5tive & curative m$ication4     
,,footnotes3  ,o ,mr4 ,simonds has =    
?ree mon?s _h "u 8 obs]vation a c[ :i*  
has liv$ ) impunity among animals sick &
 dy+ ( ! typhus4 ,& a "y calf did n     
contract ! disease = m ?an ?ree weeks4  
,p ,ano!r in/ance ( ! fatal effects ( ! 
t]rible disease n[ ravag+ our flocks &  
h]ds ( cattle1 & result+ 9 ! dea? ( a   
vet]9>y surgeon1 has j occurr$ 9 ! t[n (
 ,sudbury1 ,suffolk4  ,la/ week !       
epidemic made its appe>ance 9 ! /ock-y>d
 ( ,mr4 ,ruffell1 f>m]1 ,mel=d1 & !     

cases 7 att5d$ by ,mr4 ,rob]t ,john     
,plumbly1 vet]9>y surgeon1 ,sudbury4 ,on
 ,?ursday a c[1 :i* 0 evid5tly suff]+ f 
! disease1 0 br\ght out & %ot by ,mr4   
,plumbly1 :o aft]w>ds made a p>tial     
po/-mortem exam9ation ( ! c>case4 ,9 do+
 s ) a small scalpel 8 %irt-sleeves     
became saturat$ ) blood1 c4 f ! animal4 
,he return$ home1 & ! same day 0 attack$
 ) sickness & acute pa9s 9 ! head & *e/1
 accompani$ ) a sor5ess 9 ! bones       
g5]ally4 ,on ! foll[+ day he appe>$     
some:at bett]1 & 0 able to att5d to 8   
duties1 b became worse t[>ds ev5+1 & 0  
conf9$ to 8 h\se on ! foll[+ day4 ,he   
consid]$ t he 0 m]ely suff]+ f ! effects
 ( a sev]e cold1 & did n call 9 m$ical  
assi/ance till ,saturday night4 ,he     
slept well t night1 & seem$ some:at     
bett] on ,sunday morn+4 ,ab\t two       
o'clock 9 ! aft]noon he got out ( 8 b$  
to h x made1 :5 he appe>$ comp>atively  
/rong & 9 good spirits2 b almo/         
imm$iately aft]w>ds he 0 tak5 9 :at     
seem$ to be a fit1 & expir$ 9 a few     

m9utes1 be=e ! surgeon1 :o only liv$    
next door1 c\ld come to 8 assi/ance4 ,x 
0 ?\ght t dea? _h result$ f apoplexy1 & 
a m$ical c]tificate to t effect 0 giv54 
,rum\rs1 h[ev]1 soon becom+ curr5t t    
,mr4 ,plumbly's dea? 0 caus$ by ! cattle
 plague1 ! bor\gh coron] 7,r4 ,ransom1  
,esq47 direct$ a po/-mortem exam9ation  
to be made4 ,b1 by ?is "t1 s rapid 0 !  
spread ( ! virus ?r\gh ! sy/em t ! body 
appe>$ p]fectly plague-/rick51 & by     
,tuesday morn+1 :5 ! surgeons arriv$ to 
exam9e x1 & x 0 tak5 out ( ! c(f91 !    
corpse sc>cely reta9$ ! semblance ( a   
human be+1 ! head & trunk be+ mu* swoll5
 & black 9 col\r1 ! features q          
undi/+ui%able1 & all ! fle% conv]t$ into
 a putrid jelly-l mass4 ,! tissues 7    
completely dis9tegrat$1 s t x 0 utt]ly  
impossible to make any exam9ation4  ,an 
inque/ 0 held on ,tuesday aft]noon1 at !
 c\rt room1 ,t[n ,hall1 be=e ! coron]1  
,r4 ,ransom1 ,esq41 & a jury2 ,mr4      
,joseph ,b>k]1 *emi/1 be+ *os5 =eman4 ,!
 mayor 7,s4 ,higgs1 ,esq47 & o!r g5tlem5

 7 pres5t dur+ ! :ole ( ! inquiry1 :i*  
la/$ f\r h\rs4  ,! jury w5t & view$ !   
body1 :i* lay 9 an ou?\se1 b 7 s ov]come
 ) ! fe>ful spectacle t !y 7 p]mitt$ by 
! coron] to retire to p>take ( /imulants
 be=e !y c\ld fur!r proce$ ) ! inquiry4 
,! fir/ witness call$ 0 ,mr4 ,william   
,br[n1 vet]9>y surgeon1 & p>tn] ) !     
deceas$1 :o depos$ to hav+ gone ) him to
 ,mr4 ,ruffell's f>m at ,long ,mel=d1 on
 ,?ursday la/1 to exam9e sev]al c[s d[n 
) ! cattle plague4 ,"o 0 br\ght out &   
%ot by ! deceas$1 :o proce$$ to exam9e !
 inte/9es & visc]a1 :i* did n pres5t !  
appe>ances usually obs]vable 9 advanc$  
/ages ( ! disease1 !re be+ b slight     
ulc]ation ( ! coats ( ! /oma* & b[els4  
,! lungs 7 n exam9$1 z ! deceas$ _h only
 a small scalpel ) him4 ,9 mak+         
incisions 9 ! body ! %irt-sleeves ( !   
deceas$ became cov]$ ) blood1 b he did n
 prick or cut himself4  ,h5rietta       
,dansie1 nurse1 0 exam9$1 & said t      
deceas$ _h be5 suff]+ f boils on 8 "r   
arm1 "o ( :i* %e _h p\ltic$ on          

,w$nesday1 ! day be=e he _h exam9$ !    
diseas$ animal4 ,he remov$ ! p\ltice    
himself1 b decl9$ to put on a pla/] z ! 
place 0 a small "o1 al?\gh n heal$4 ,he 
*ang$ 8 l95 on 8 return f ,mel=d2 b !   
same aft]noon he 0 tak5 ) sickness &    
vomit+1 & compla9$ ( acute pa9s 9 8 head
 & bones4 ,on ,sunday aft]noon1 %ortly  
be=e he di$1 he wi%$ to h 8 b$ made1 &  
got out & /ood :il/ x 0 be+ done4 ,he !n
 compla9$ ( fa9tness1 & got into b$     
aga91 & witness to revive him wa%$ 8    
face & h&s2 9 do+ s %e obs]v$ t ! nails 
( "o ( ! h&s :i* _h la9 9 ! b$ 7 turn+  
black4 ,%e 0 ab\t to give him "s pills  
:5 %e notic$ a sudd5 *ange come ov] him2
 & ?9k+ he 0 go+ to fa9t or h a fit1 %e 
rang = assi/ance & w5t h]self = !       
doctor1 :o1 be+ f home1 ano!r surgeon   
resid+ next door 0 call$ 91 b by ?is "t 
! un=tunate g5tleman 0 q dead4  ,mr4    
,maurice ,mason1 surgeon1 said he 0     
call$ 9 to see ! deceas$ ! night be=e he
 di$1 & visit$ him aga9 on ,sunday      
morn+1 & ord]$ him a lotion & lee*es = 8

 head & eff]vesc+ dr9ks 7! lee*es 7 n   
appli$74 ,f ! appe>ance ( ! body & !    
evid5ce :i* _h be5 adduc$1 witness 0 (  
op9ion t ! dea? ( ! deceas$ 0 caus$ by !
 absorption ( poison\s virus f ! dead   
bea/4  ,mr4 ,w4 ,b4 ,smi?1 surgeon1 gave
 simil> evid5ce1 & add$ t ! tissues ( ! 
body 7 s dis9tegrat$ t x w\ld h be5     
utt]ly impossible to h made a po/-mortem
 exam9ation4  ,aft] half an h\r's       
consultation ! jury return$ a v]dict1 t 
deceas$ di$ f ! effects ( ! absorption (
 virus or poison into 8 sy/em ^u !      
occasion ( 8 mak+ a po/-mortem          
exam9ation ( a c[ :i* _h di$ f a c]ta9  
disease call$ ! cattle plague4  ,! sad  
occurr5ce has caus$ mu* s5sation 9 !    
t[n1 ! deceas$1 :o 0 only #bc ye>s (    
age1 be+ well kn[n & mu* respect$4   ,q 
,appel  des ,expri5ces dans le b        
d'tablir le ,traitem5t ,prs]vatif de la 
,fivre ,typhoide et des ,maladies       
infectieuses inrcidivables1 p>          
l'inoculation de leurs produits         
morbides4 ,memoire lu  l',in/itut1 le #h

 ,octobre1 #ahee4 ,insr dans la ,gazette
 ,hebdomadaire de ,mdec9e4 ,p>is4       
,,*apt] ,,iv4  ,treatm5t & ,cure ( !    
,ox-,typhus4   ,9 n[ address+ ourselves 
to ! treatm5t1 &1 z f> z human ag5cy c  
effect x1 to ! cure1 ( ?is insidi\s     
di/emp]1 we _c conceal f ourselves1 t   
?is is ! mo/ difficult1 ! mo/ delicate1 
&1 at ! same "t1 ! mo/ important        
division ( our "w2 = x is to ?is "p1    
above all1 t att5tion w be direct$4 ,?is
 portion ( our task1 !re=e1 w prove     
especially ardu\s2 & no?+ c give a bett]
 notion ( ! difficulties we %all h to   
enc\nt] ?an ! _m fruitless attempts :i*1
 = sev]al mon?s pa/1 h be5 made to      
ov]come !m by _m ard5t inquir]s1        
/imulat$ by ! be/ possible int5tions4   
,?is1 !n1 is ! mom5t--if we may be all[$
 ! metaphor--to take ! bull by ! horns2 
& we d s )\t hesitation4 ,if1 l s _m    
o!rs1 we are baffl$ & ov]come 9 ?is     
unequal /ruggle--if our /r5g? is n on a 
level ) our desires--we tru/ we %all be 
p>don$4  ,sev]al pa?s lead+ to ! same   

end may be foll[$ 9 ?is exposition ( !  
treatm5t ( ox-typhus4 ,aft] mature      
reflection1 we %all adopt ! "o1 :i* w   
all[ u to take ! disease at its bir?1 ab
 ovo2 to /udy x 9 all its phases1 9 its 
fir/ & second causes1 & !n 9 !          
successive p]iods ( its developm5t4  ,9 
?is mann]1 we %all be able to give an   
acc\nt ( ea* fact ( real importance     
m5tion$ 9 ! =ego+ pages1 & to comprise  
)9 ! treatm5t :atev] is connect$ ei!r   
directly or indirectly ) ! disease4     
,?us we w relate 9 s _m sep>ate         
articles1--  #a/4 ,! means & measures to
 be employ$ to meet & resi/ ! fir/ local
 causes :i* may g5]ate ! typhus1 !n !   
second>y causes :i* s]ve to propagate x4
  #bnd4 ,! means ( prev5t+ ! spread ( ! 
disease to animals /ill 9 good heal?4   
#crd4 ,! means ( treat+ x at its diff]5t
 p]iods1 f ! p]iod ( incubation to t (  
its decl9e4  #d?4 ,f9ally1 we %all ins]t
 ! laws & sanit>y regulations :i* h be5 
publi%$ 9 ,engl& relative to ?is        
disease4  ,z w be se51 by adopt+ ?is    

me?od1 ! :ole matt] w be consid]$       
consecutively & 9 regul> ord]2 & ! read]
 w und]/& t :5 su* a phase ( ! malady is
 develop$ x is because ! prec$+ "o1 :i* 
is ! cause ( x1 has n be5 effectually   
cont5d$ )4   ,i4      ,means & ,measures
 to be employ$ to resi/ ! ,causes (     
! ,contagi\s ,typhus ( ! ,bov9e         
,species4  ,we h %[n fully & explicitly 
9 :at c\ntries ( ! globe1 & 9 :at       
p>ticul> conditions1 ! typhus is g5]at$ 
among ox54 ,we "k t ?is dire disease has
 its focus on ! banks ( great riv]s or  
lakes1 :i* are p]iodically ov]fl[$1 & on
 :i* is deposit$ a slime teem+ ) organic
 matt]2 9 m>%y pla9s1 :]e ! same natural
 impurities are fo/]$2 & t ^! fir/      
hotb$s ( ! evil are f\nd 9 ,*9a1 9      
,india1 9 ,am]ica1 9 ,africa1 z well z  
on ! %ores ( ! ,black ,sea4 ,a _s (     
obs]vation :i* delights 9 measur+ !     
ph5om5a ( nature ) ! contract$ compass (
 its own %ort views & conceptions1 c\ld 
alone h imag9$ t ! ox-typhus 0 only to  
be f\nd orig9ally 9 ! /eppes ( ,hung>y &

 ,russia1 & t ! bov9e species ( ^?      
c\ntries1 ?anks to a special            
organization1 0 alone capable ( g5]at+ !
 typhus4  ,s9ce we "k1 !n1 9 :at        
conditions ?is disease is develop$1 &   
especially 9 :at mann] x is propagat$ 9 
,europe1 x is n impossible n[1 :5       
nations are unit$ by ! means ( quick &  
easy communication1 by comm]cial        
treaties1 & by ! mutual relations (     
sci5ce1 to exam9e :at measures might be 
tak5 to modify & control ^! conditions4 
,a commission =m$ = ?is purpose1 a      
sci5tific congress1 w\ld be able to make
 on ! spot a /udy ( all ! circum/ances  
:i* fav\r ! developm5t ( typhus1 & !    
result ( _! reports w\ld enlight5 !     
peoples z to ! causes :i* produce x & f 
:i* !y are fir/ to suff]4 ,!y w\ld be   
recomm5d$ to *oose z pa/ures ! heal?ie/ 
places1 to )draw _! cattle at c]ta9     
seasons f ^? plots ( gr\nd :i* are      
baleful to !m2 new sy/ems ( agriculture 
w\ld be plann$ & tri$1 c4 ,^! que/ions  
be+ c>efully exam9$1 might lead to      

important results2 nor c we und]/& h[1 9
 ! age 9 :i* we live1 ! same indiff]5ce 
& apa?y z prevail$ 9 ! pa/ %\ld be      
ma9ta9$ 9 pres5ce ( ! positive & p]man5t
 causes ( ?is infecti\s disease1 ^:     
contagion1 z we n[ see by _m pro(s1 may 
ext5d at once to s l>ge a portion (     
,europe4 ,!re is n[ some?+ to be done 9 
?is matt]2 x is ! duty ( ! gov]nm5ts to 
deal ) x effectually1 & to take s]i\s   
measures to de/roy ! evil radically1 if 
radically x c be de/roy$1 &1 if n1 to   
alleviate its p]nici\s effects z mu* z  
possible4  ,moreov]1 _m bre$]s ( cattle 
h n wait$ until n[ to gu>d aga9/ "s ( ! 
fir/ causes ( ! typhus3 already !y give 
! animals rock salt1 f]rug9\s & ars5ical
 prep>ations1 b all ?is is done )\t     
me?od1 & accord+ to ea* man's w &       
pleasure4 ,x w\ld1 !re=e1 be necess>y to
 in/itute regulations1 & to see !m c>ri$
 out & practis$ "u ! sup]9t5d5ce (      
public function>ies1 arm$ ) suffici5t   
p[] & au?ority4  ,^! measures hav+ be5  
tak51 o!rs no less indisp5sable ought to

 foll[4 ,!y %\ld det]m9e = ! h]ds (     
cattle int5d$ = exportation1 ! ways &   
*annels !y mu/ travel by to g to any    
c5tral "p or to any railway /ation2 &   
!re ! inspectors on duty %\ld m>k e     
animal t passes out ( ! di/rict he is   
leav+4 ,heavy p5alties %\ld be inflict$ 
on all :o might infr+e ^! rules4  ,^!   
precautions w\ld contribute 9 "p to     
arre/ ! propagation ( ! compla9t2 b !re 
is ano!r measure m radical & effectual1 
:i* %\ld be tak5 9 ord] to prev5t its   
ext5sion--we mean inoculation1 :i* has  
met ) complete success 9 "s ( !         
gov]nm5ts ( ,russia4  ,?us we see1 !re  
are p[]ful means ( )/&+ ! production ( !
 disease 9 its focus1 or g5]ative b$1 & 
likewise its ext5sion among ! h]ds (    
neighb\r+ c\ntries2 & ^! latt] might    
r5d] !m 9 "s sort obligatory1 by refus+ 
mo/ rigidly to admit to _! m>kets1 z 9  
,italy has sometimes be5 done1 e head ( 
cattle :i* 0 n m>k$ z inoculat$ or :i* 0
 n furni%$ ) a p]mit ( heal?4  ,x is    
easy to conceive t ^? c\ntries :]e9 !   

ox-typhus has its bir?1 & = :i* ! bre$+ 
( cattle & _! exportation are a great   
s\rce ( weal?1 w\ld soon feel t !y are m
 int]e/$ ?an any o!r 9 /ifl+ ! contagion
 9 its focus1 & 9 af=d+ to ^? c\ntries t
 receive _! h]ds1 e security & gu>antee 
:i* !y h a "r to expect4 ,int]e/ 9 ?is  
case com+ to ! help ( common s5se1 v    
satisfactory results w\ld 9 c\rse ( "t  
be obta9$4  ,moreov]1 we are consci\s t 
we are "h deal+ ) v complicat$ que/ions2
 =1 ?\gh 9 a book !y may seem simple &  
easy1 _! application is a matt] (       
extreme difficulty4 ,we "k too well t ^!
 prev5tive measures = protect+ animals w
 meet ) _m ob/acles1 & only be adopt$ at
 la/ ) t>dy reluctance1 s9ce man himself
 cont9ues 9 "s respect indiff]5t to !   
causes :i* spread ab\t ! fe>ful         
epidemics to :i* he falls a victim 9    
consequ5ce ( 8 neglect4  ,9 tru?1 x is  
well kn[n t ! *ol]a ( ! pres5t day--t   
mu* m s]i\s plague--_h its orig9 on !   
banks ( ! ,r$ ,sea1 amid/ ! infecti\s   
miasmata develop$ ne> ,mecca1 :]e ?\s&s 

( pilgrims :o _h di$ ( fatigue &        
privation1 & hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( %eep     
but*]$ & religi\sly (f]$ up 9 sacrifice1
 h1 b5ea? a torrid heat1 g5]at$ !       
*ol]aic miasma1 :i* =m]ly 0 suppos$ to  
be produc$ exclusively on ! banks ( !   
,ganges4 ,?is fact duly asc]ta9$ &      
prov$1 we might suppose t ! gov]nm5ts ( 
! diff]5t nations among :i* ! *ol]a is  
ab\t to ext5d its ravages1 7 indignant &
 _h compla9$ at ?us be+ smitt5 ) a      
sc\rge1 due to ! c>eless ignorance &    
sordid avidity ( "s (ficial ( ! ,turki% 
,gov]nm5t4 ,b we %\ld be mi/ak54  ,no6 e
 "o hop$ at fir/ t he1 at lea/1 w\ld be 
sp>$ by ! contagion1 & ! au?orities did 
no?+ to resi/ ! evil b adopt ! old c\rse
 ( qu>ant9e--a rem$y m illusory n[ ?an  
ev]1 s9ce ! nations are 9 con/ant       
communication1 ei!r 9 _! own p]sons or  
by ! ex*ange ( _! commodities2 &        
consequ5tly1 ! epidemic is pursu+ its   
invad+ c\rse f week to week4  ,t :i* is 
be+ done = ! *ol]a gives u a scale by   
:i* we may e/imate ! ef=ts :i* w be made

 to arre/ ! g5]ation & ! contagion ( !  
cattle typhus4,r  ,we are c]ta9ly b\nd  
to resi/ ! introduction ( horn$ cattle  
ta9t$ ) typhus2 b 9 ! conditions amid/  
:i* !y live1 "s ( !m may be> ! se$s ( ! 
di/emp]1 ev5 :il/ !y appe> 9 p]fect     
heal?1 & !re=e able to endure ! fatigue 
( a long j\rney4  ,n[1 9 ord] to avoid  
excit+ ! incubation ( ! typhus dur+ _!  
transit ei!r to ,f9l&1 ,holl&1 ,france1 
or ,engl&1 x mu/ nev] be =gott5 t ^!    
animals are gift$ ) a n]v\s s5sibility (
 wond]ful acut5ess1 jo9$ to ! weake/    
vital resi/ance4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 to    
husb& _! /r5g?1 to give !m a *oice      
di/ribution ( food easy ( assimilation2 
b>ley-meal1 or o!r gra9s1 mu/ be mix$ up
 ) _! dr9k2 !y mu/ be protect$ f !      
*anges ( wea!r2 !y mu/ h room en\gh &   
air en\gh 9 ! locomotive /alls on !     
railway tra9s & on bo>d %ip4  ,we pass  
ov] 9 sil5ce ! hygi5ic measures to be   
tak5 9 ord] to keep ^! vehicles (       
transit 9 a prop] sanit>y /ate3 !       
sanit>y police regulations ins]t$ fur!r 

on w make !m suffici5tly kn[n4  ,all ^! 
measures hav+ be5 tak5 to meet & )/&    
di/ant causes & dang]s1 let u n[ direct 
our att5tion to ^? local causes :i*     
/rike our eyes1 & :i* likewise h _! %>e 
( influ5ce 9 propagat+ ! disease4 ,?us1 
:5ev] an inclem5t season comes to       
deprive ! h]bivor\s animals ( suffici5t 
pa/ure1 or to det]iorate its natural    
qualities1 we are b\nd to rem$y ?is     
*ange1 & to increase ! c>es we devote to
 !m2 = ^! frail & helpless creatures1   
imm$iately feel & suff] f ! effects ( a 
su/5ance less ?an usually re/orative4   
,"u su* circum/ances1 we mu/ make       
exceptional sacrifices2 :5 !y return f  
fe$+ on ! grass1 we %\ld give !m "s     
additional fodd]1 or roots ( a g5]\s    
quality4 ,we mu/ imitate ! regim5 us$ 9 
! c\ntry ( ! /eppes1 by add+ to _! =age 
a solution ( m>9e salt1 or a solution ( 
sulphate ( iron4 ,day by day we mu/ give
 to ! weake/ & lea/ f$ cattle1 a ration 
consi/+ ( bruis$ oats1 p\nd$ junip]     
b]ries1 g5tian1 sulphate ( iron1 &      

c>bonate ( soda4  ,=1 if we neglect to  
take ^? measures :i* are requir$ to     
prev5t among h]bivor\s animals !        
developm5t ( ^? ord9>y epizootias1 :i* e
 ye> are g5]at$ on our own soil1 !y w   
c]ta9ly af=d a fav\rable seat to !      
typhic miasma transmitt$ by =eign       
animals1 or exceptionally g5]at$ by     
!mselves4 ,^! c>es & att5tions mu/ be   
greatly increas$1 :5 ! =eign epizootia1 
has spread itself1 z 9 ! pres5t in/ance1
 among our flocks & h]ds4 ,!n1 inde$1 we
 mu/ be c>eful n to load ^! creatures ) 
pamp]+ food = ! purpose ( fatt5+ !m4 ,= 
x may be pr(itable1 & ! bre$] may plume 
himself1 on hav+ produc$ an adipose     
mon/rosity to su* a degree z to bury1 = 
in/ance1 a pig's head 9 ! fle%y         
exub]ance ( 8 ?orax2 b su* a d]ogation f
 ! laws ( nature bord]s closely on      
disease1 & assur$ly su* an unnatural    
accumulation1 pr$isposes ! glutt$       
animals to epizootic diseases 9 g5]al4  
,! wat] giv5 !m to dr9k mu/ be att5d$ to
 ) p>ticul> solicitude4 ,x %\ld nev] be 

drawn up f ponds or /agnant riv]s4 ,!   
animals kept 9 ! pa/ure gr\nds %\ld     
always f9d at _! disposal1 9 receptacles
 int5d$ = _! use1 a supply ( pure fre%  
wat]4  ,aft] ^! precautions ) respect to
 _! food & su/5ance1 att5tion mu/ next  
be direct$ to ! hygi5ic conditions      
requir$ by ! animal4 ,e morn+ he %\ld be
 clean$1 wa%$1 bru%$1 & dri$2 :at is e  
day done = ! horse mu/ n[ be done = !   
ox4 ,^! unusual c>es w be mo/ salut>y to
 him1 & greatly increase 8 vital        
resi/ance4  ,! animal ?us protect$ 9 8  
food & p>ticul> necessities1 att5tion   
mu/ next be direct$ to ! /alls & %$s4   
,ov]-cr[d+ mu/ be c>efully avoid$2 !    
prop] cube ( air = brea?+ mu/ be measur$
 out = ea* head ( cattle2 e day ! latt] 
mu/ be c>ri$ out into ! op5 air2 ! floor
 ( ! /all or %$ mu/ fir/ be ?or\ghly    
cleans$ & wa%$ out1 aft] :i* x mu/ be   
spr9kl$ ) a solution ( *loride ( lime4  
,if ! /all is n well air$1 a little /raw
 %\ld be burn$ on ! gr\nd1 to improve ! 
atmosph]e1 or else bran*es ( res9\s     

trees1 or junip] b]ries may be us$4 ,9  
"s cases aromatic fumigations ( sage1   
rosem>y1 or m9t1 boil$ 9 wat]1 are      
employ$1 ! balsamic vap\rs :i* arise    
!refrom be+ at once tonic & purify+4    
,dur+ ! night a tub1 conta9+ pit* & t>1 
%\ld be left 9 ! /all1 or a l>ge piece (
 camphor %\ld be susp5d$ f ! ceil+4     
,v9eg> may be spilt on a piece ( r$-hot 
iron1 or p[d] ( sulphur may be burn$    
into sulphuric gas & diffuse its vap\rs 
?r\gh ! /all or %$4 ,?is excell5t       
p>asiticide may p]haps be equally end[$ 
) anti-typhic prop]ties4  ,f9ally1 :5   
?is fatal epizootia is ravag+ ! c\ntry1 
e f>m] & agriculturi/ mu/ c>efully ab/a9
 f mix+ ) 8 h]ds any cattle :i* h be5   
b\ght ei!r at fairs or m>kets2 he mu/   
take c>e1 con=mably ) ! directions issu$
 by ! ,privy ,c\ncil1 7to :i* we ref] ! 
read] = m ample details17 to avoid all  
contact bo? direct & indirect ) horn$   
cattle ta9t$ ) ! typhus1 z he might     
himself become an in/rum5t ( !          
contagion4--,let him nev] =get t to take

 z ! guide = 8 actions 9 ^! times (     
calamity 8 private & p]sonal int]e/1 is 
! greate/ crime a man c commit4 ,let him
 /rive1 !re=e1 to assi/ ! au?orities 9 !
 measures :i* !y h tak5 = ! int]e/ (    
all4   ,,ii4  ,n[ t we h exam9$ !       
measures :i* prud5ce directs u to take  
to def5d ourselves aga9/ ! causes :i*   
produce & propagate typhus1 let u ?9k ( 
! means ( prev5t+ x1 :5 ! contagion     
?reat5s to diffuse itself ov] a :ole    
k+dom1 z at pres5t x is do+ 9 ,engl&4   
,:51 on ! #ai? ( la/ ,june1 x 0 believ$ 
t ! typhus or ,cattle ,plague1 z !y     
cont9ue to call x1 _h effect$ its       
invasion 9 ,engl&1 ! ,gov]nm5t1 in=m$ by
 pr(essional m5 ( ! s]i\s dang] to :i* !
 int]e/s ( ! c\ntry w\ld be expos$1 if !
 disease %\ld spread1 might h consid]$  
?is di/emp] n z a "q ( private int]e/1 b
 z "o ( public & national conc]n4 ,x    
might at ! outset h giv5 to ?is         
epizootia all ! significancy ( a public 
calamity1 h look$ ^u x z ! invasion ( an
 enemy ?reat5+ to de/roy its t]ritory1 &

 h employ$ e possible means to /ifle x  
at its bir?4  ,we well "k t ! ,engli%   
,gov]nm5t1 d]iv$ z x is r f political   
?an f religi\s & social *anges1 is at   
once mon>*ical1 ari/ocratic1 & p>tially 
democratic1 & = t reason emb>rass$ 9 its
 work+ by s _m :eels4 ,its au?ority is  
scatt]$ & divid$1 :il/ ! respect ascrib$
 to ! pr]ogatives ( ea* di/9ct public   
p[] is ! safegu>d ( ! ,/ate4 ,9 ! abs5ce
 ( bo? ,h\ses dur+ ! recess1 x c\ld take
 no resolution z to ways & means2 = !   
difficulties on ?is unhappy occasion1 we
 _c too (t5 repeat x1 are r$uc$ to a "q 
( money4 ,depriv$ ( ! requisite         
au?ority1 x 0 unable to d m ?an exhume !
 old laws on ! matt] & orda9 new ones4  
,& yet1 ! impot5ce ( ! ,gov]nm5t 0 n    
p]haps s great z is imag9$2 = :il/ x    
suff]$ ! typhus almo/ unmole/$ to       
deva/ate ! c\ntry1 x v ju/ly1 & 9 ! "n (
 ! public int]e/1 took vigor\s &        
effectual measures to /amp out ano!r    
epidemic--! ra% & insane conspiracy ( ! 
,f5ians4 ,x /ood /ill & w\ld n au?orize 

domicili>y visits 9 /ables & /alls1 nor 
! seizure ( sick animals1 b x did n     
falt] a mom5t at ! domicili>y visits &  
inc>c]ation ( insurg5t citiz5s m$itat+  
mis*ief1 s t 9 ?is in/ance1 ! privilege 
( immunity has be5 giv5 to ! brute      
creation4 ,ev]ybody1 bo? 9 ,engl& & out 
( ,engl&1 admires _! vig\r & despat* 9  
/ifl+ ! insurrection 9 its bud4 ,b :y n 
act ) equal promptitude 9 ! case ( an   
epizootia8  ,arm+ itself1 9 ?is mann]1 9
 ! public int]e/1 & ) suffici5t p[]1 !  
,gov]nm5t might h appo9t$ an executive  
commission1 ) ! ,"l ,mayor z presid5t4  
,su* a commission w\ld h appli$ itself  
at once to ! consid]ation & /udi\s      
exam9ation ( ! subject 9 all its be>+s1 
& w\ld h propos$ prompt & en]getic      
measures1 :i* ! ,gov]nm5t1 ) equal      
despat*1 w\ld h confirm$ by giv+ to !m !
 au?ority ( law1 z !y h s9ce t>dily     
done4 ,a fund1 :i*1 = ! weal? ( ,engl&1 
w\ld n h be5 consid]able1 #bej1jjjl4--! 
co/ ( a few ,arm/rong guns--might h be5 
plac$ at ! disposal ( ?is ,bo>d1 to     

enable its directors to meet & provide  
=1 )\t delay1 e j claim & want aris+ f !
 sc\rge4  ,an auxili>y commission1      
exclusively m$ical1 & consi/+ ( m$ical &
 vet]9>y doctors1 might h be5 =m$       
conjo9tly ) ! =m]1 & e prev5tive        
measure1 consid]$ by !m z necess>y to   
/amp out ! compla9t at ! outbreak1 aft] 
x _h be5 propos$ by ! m$ical bo>d1 &    
submitt$ to ! executive commission1 & by
 !m to ! ,home ,secret>y1 might h be5   
act$ ^u by law )9 tw5ty-f\r h\rs4  ,tak5
 unaw>es1 & ! mode ( treat+ ! sick      
animals n be+ kn[n at fir/1 !y w\ld h   
be5 r$uc$ to ! cruel necessity (        
ext]m9at+ at once all ta9t$ cattle1 z   
well z ^? belong+ to ta9t$ h]ds1 b n )\t
 comp5sat+ ! own]s ( ^? cattle4,s  ,!y  
w\ld h s5t two physicians to ,russia &  
,hung>y1 to obs]ve & /udy ! prev5tive & 
curative m$ication1 especially _! mode (
 inoculation1 & ?anks to ! rapid        
locomotion ( ^! times1 tw5ty days w\ld h
 be5 suffici5t = ?is =eign exploration4 
,! physicians con/itut+ ! m$ical bo>d   

%\ld h be5 au?oriz$ to seize any bea/   
ta9t$ ) ! typhus2 a company %\ld h be5  
*>g$ to collect & keep ready = ! public 
s]vice1 at ! f\r qu>t]s ( ,london1 an   
ample ret9ue ( horses1 clos$ c>riages1 &
 work+ m51 to convey at all h\rs ( ! day
 & night ! c>cases ( ! slaught]$ animals
 to ! respective spots1 :]e long & deep 
tr5*es _h be5 dug to receive !m4 ,ea*   
c>case be=e burial to h be5 well spr9kl$
 ) *loride ( lime4  ,by tak+ ?is c\rse1 
e "o's int]e/ w\ld h be5 respect$1 z mu*
 z c be desir$ :5 a great calamity      
?reat5s a c\ntry2 besides1 9 do+ s1 !   
pres5t m9i/]s w\ld b h foll[$ ! example 
( ! ,gov]nm5t 7) reg>d to comp5sation71 
dur+ ! epizootia ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,!
 proprietors :o _h ?us receiv$1 n ! full
 & absolute price1 b a sum suffici5tly  
remun]ative = _! sacrific$ cattle1 w\ld 
h assi/$ ! au?orities1 & !reby w\ld h   
s]v$ ! common int]e/1 because _! sick   
cattle1 p]i%+ e h\r )9 _! /alls & %$s1 7
 no long] a real s\rce ( emb>rassm5t &  
ru94 ,!y w\ld n h be5 oblig$ to drive !m

 to m>ket to get :at !y c\ld out ( !m & 
dis5cumb] !mselves4 ,! mo/ active cause 
( ! contagion w\ld by ?is means h be5   
prev5t$4  ,?is all[ance hav+ be5 made = 
! mo/ press+ dang]s1 att5tion %\ld next 
h be5 direct$ to a matt] no less        
important--we mean ! treatm5t & cure (  
?is di/emp]2 = we w nev] admit t ,engl& 
c h fall5 back a c5tury1 & t :il/ ^?    
enlight5$ m5--,malcolm ,flemm+ &        
,lay>d--propos$ & tri$ to cure & prev5t 
ox-typhus 9 #ageg1 we1 9 #ahfe1 %all h  
be5 r$uc$ to ! horrible alt]native1 !   
repugnant b>b>ity1 ( ! g5]al &          
indiscrim9ate ext]m9ation ( ! ta9t$     
cattle4  ,:il/1 !re=e1 ! treatm5t ( !   
typhus w\ld h be5 /udi$ on ! spot1 & !  
mo/ urg5t measures w\ld h be5 tak5 to   
)/& ! propagation ( ! evil1 !y w\ld h   
e/abli%$1 a few miles f ,london & on !  
nor!rn side1 9 ! direction ( ! great    
cattle m>ket1 a numb] ( hospitals or    
sanit>iums1 &1 z f> z possible1 )9 a    
p>k4 ,^! hospitals1 con/ruct$ ( wood1   
conta9+1 besides /ables & %$s1 a        

slaught]-h\se1 a dwell+-h\se = ! /aff ( 
employs1 a laboratory /ock$ ) all !     
physical & *emical in/rum5ts requir$1   
c41 w\ld 9 two or ?ree weeks h be5      
suffici5tly prep>$ to receive a c]ta9   
numb] ( cattle4  ,provid$ ) ^!          
advantages & opportunities1 a p]man5t   
/age ( op]ation w\ld h be5 rais$ on :i* 
trials & exp]im5ts might h be5 made ) e 
*ance ( fruitful results4 ,9 ^!         
sanit>iums1 = in/ance1 ! mo/ practical  
physicians & vet]9>ians might h ent]$ ^u
 a sy/ematic c\rse ( treatm5t1 divid+ ! 
bov9e pati5ts into classes1 accord+ to  
_! p]iods ( disease1 _! age1 c42 & try+ 
"s p>ticul> mode ( treatm5t1 "s rem$y   
consid]$ z effectual1 alt]nately1 ^u ea*
 ( ^! classes ( ta9t$ cattle4 ,^!       
exp]im5ts1 hav+ be5 made "u circum/ances
 s fav\rable1 w\ld h enabl$ ! faculty to
 e/abli% a m$ical basis1 :i*1 if n      
infallible1 w\ld h be5 relatively       
efficaci\s1 & might h sav$ a l>ge numb] 
( ! infect$ animals4  ,:il/ ?us fix+ _! 
att5tion on ! cure ( ! sick animals1 ^! 

exp]im5tali/s w\ld h c>efully /udi$ &   
practis$ ! prev5tive treatm5t by        
inoculation1 avail+ !mselves bo? (      
,lay>d's h9ts & recomm5dations & ( !    
practical k acquir$ by ! m$ical         
exp$ition to ! /eppes1 :i* w\ld by t "t 
h return$ f _! mission4 ,!y w\ld h      
select$ animals smitt5 ) ! g5u9e typhus1
 ( ! typhoid & inte/9al =m1 9 ! ?ird    
p]iod1 :il/ ! depurative & critical     
secretions are runn+ f ! muc\s          
membranes2 !y w\ld h ga!r$ ! virus f its
 spr+s ( infection or f its purul5t     
subcutane\s deposits or f ! s]um ( !    
blood4  ,on ! o!r h&1 !y might h *os5   
f\r heif]s1 ( good con/itutions &       
heal?y1 & ^! !y might h prep>$1 accord+ 
to ,lay>d's advice1 = inoculation1 by a 
special treatm5t1 & by hygi5ic & m$ical 
c>es4 ,on "s ( ^! ! inoculation w\ld h  
be5 made ne> ! tail1 accord+ to !       
subcutane\s process1 ) a lancet *>g$ )  
typhic virus2 on o!rs1 a crucial        
incision1 or cross-cut1 w\ld h be5 made 
on ! crupp]4 ,b1 to speak tru?1 we _c d 

bett] ?an ,lay>d1 ^: +5i\s treatm5t1 )  
all due def]5ce to a c]ta9 vet]9>ian (  
our day1 des]ves a v diff]5t epi!t ?an t
 ( be+ amus+4,t ,lay>d says3--        ,t
 no?+ may be omitt$ :i* 9 any %ape c    
contribute to ! success ( inoculation1  
due att5tion       %\ld be paid to !    
con/itution & /ate ( ! bea/1       no   
less 9 ?is practice on ! cattle ?an on !
 human       species4 ,und\bt$ly ! "y1  
heal?y1 & /rong bid       fair] = a good
 issue ?an ! old1 sickly1 & feeble2     
ea* ( ^! diff]5t con/itutions dem& a    
p>ticul>       treatm5t1 ev5 9 ! me?od (
 prep>ation2 & h[ev]       trifl+ x may 
seem to _m--! urg+ a necessity (        
prep>ation--,i w v5ture to affirm t ,i h
 se5       excell5t effects aris+ f a   
rational prep>ation1 &       fatal ev5ts
 f want ( prep>ation4 ,i h likewise be5 
witness ( unfav\rable turns1 m]ely f an 
injudici\s       prep>ation4        ,!  
bea/s :i* are sangu9e require mod]ate   
ble$+2       ^? t h b a small %>e (     
blood mu/ h none       drawn4 ,! /rong  

mu/1 besides mod]ate ble$+ &            
purg+1 be kept on light diet & _! body  
kept op54       ,?us1 scald$ bran1 mix$ 
) _! hay & *aff2 w       cool !m4 ,!    
weakly1 & su* z are incl9$ to sc\r1     
mu/ be kept on dry fodd]1 & h peas &    
beans giv5       !m to /r5g!n !m4 ,a    
mess ( malt1 or a qu>t ( w>m       ale1 
) a few spices1 w be v suitable = !m4   
,:atev] diseases ! cattle be affect$ )1 
if "t w       p]mit1 !y are fir/ to be  
remov$4        ,! cattle to be inoculat$
 are fir/ to be well wa%$1       rubb$  
dry1 & !n curri$1 to remove all ! fil? f
       ! hair & sk94 ,!n !y are to be   
plac$ 9 a spaci\s       b>n or /able1   
:]e ! air is temp]ate & no cold c       
come to !m4 ,!re !y are to be prep>$    
accord+ to !       direction already    
giv51 fodd]$ ) good sweet hay1 &        
wat]$ ) cle> spr+ wat]2 & if ! di/emp]  
be n       ne> !y may be turn$ out into 
! air1 ne> ! b>n or       /able1 & may  
/ay !re a few h\rs 9 ! middle ( !       
day4        ,:5 x appe>s t ! cattle are 

9 p]fect heal?1 free       f any        
infection or o!r disease1 brisk &       
lively1       nei!r co/ive nor sc\r+1 & 
*ew+ _! cud1 !n       ! op]ation may be 
safely und]tak51 & h5ce=? !y       mu/  
be conf9$ to ! b>n4        ,s9ce !re is 
obs]v$ to foll[ ! greate/ fl[ ( !       
contagi\s & putrid p>ticles sep>at$ f ! 
blood1       :]ev] ! infecti\s matt]    
makes an impression at fir/1            
p>ticul> c>e mu/ be tak5 n to inoculate 
ne> su*       vital p>ts z ! he>t &     
lungs1 nor ne> ! womb1 if a       c[ )  
calf be inoculat$2 =1 ?\gh r[els are    
prop]ly       appli$ 9 ! dewlaps1 to    
draw (f ! pe/il5tial hum\r       f !    
brea/1 & 9 o!r cases bea/s are frequ5tly
       r[ell$ 9 ! flanks1--yet 9 ?is    
op]ation1 z matt] is       ins]t$ by ^! 
*annels into ! neighb\r+ vessels1       
^? vital p>ts1 or ! womb1 might become !
 *ief seat       ( ! disease1 & ! ev5t  
prove fatal4        ,to prev5t su*      
accid5ts1 human be+s h be5              
inoculat$ on ! arms & legs1 & n[-a-days 

! arms are       f\nd suffici5t4 ,i w\ld
 recomm5d t ! cattle %\ld       be      
inoculat$ ab\t ! middle ( ! %\ld]s or   
buttocks1       on bo? sides1 to h !    
b5efit ( two dra9s4 ,! sk9       is to  
be cut l5g?ways two in*es1 deep en\gh = 
!       blood to />t1 b n to ble$ mu*4  
,9 ?is incision is       to be put a    
dossil or pl$get ( t[1 dipp$ 9 ! matt]  
( a boil full ripe1 op5$ 9 ! back ( a "y
 calf       recov]+ f ! di/emp]4 ,x may 
n be amiss to /it*       up ! w\nd1 to  
keep ! t[ 91 & let x rema9              
=ty-eight h\rs4 ,!n ! /it*es are to be  
cut1 ! t[       tak5 out1 & ! w\nd      
dress$ ) yell[ basilicon       o9tm5t1  
or "o made ) turp5t9e & yolk ( egg1     
spread on pl$gets ( t[4 ,^! dress+s are 
to be       cont9u$ dur+ ! :ole illness1
 & till aft] !       recov]y ( ! bea/1  
to promote ! dis*>ge2 & !n       ! w\nd 
may be heal$ ) ! c]ate ( lapis          
calam9>is1 or any o!r4        ,on ! ?ird
 day aft] inoculation1 ! discol\r+ ( !  
w\nd1 ^: lips appe> grey & swoll51 w be 

a sign       t ! inoculation has        
succe$$2 b ! bea/s1 z       ,pr(essor   
,sw5ke in=ms u1 did n fall ill till !   
six?       day1 :i* answ]s exactly to ! 
obs]vations daily made 9       !        
inoculat+ ( *ildr54 ,yet ! ,pr(essor    
adds t on       ! ?ird day a co/iv5ess  
came on1 :i* 0 remov$ by       giv+ ea* 
calf ?ree ounces ( ,epsom salts4        
,no soon] d ! symptoms ( heav9ess &     
/upidity appe>       ?an ! bea/s mu/ h a
 light cov]+ ?r[n ov] !m1       & at    
night fa/5$ loosely4 ,!y mu/ be rubb$   
morn+       & ev5+1 & curri$1 till !    
boils beg9 to rise2 w>m       hay-wat] &
 v9eg>-:ey mu/ be giv5 pl5tifully4 ,%\ld
       ! bea/s require m n\ri%m5t1 dry  
meat1 su* z hay1       ) a little bran1 
may be (f]$4 ,i %\ld be v       cauti\s 
9 giv+ milk-pottage1 ev5 aft] ! boils & 
pimples _h all come out1 = fe> ( br++ on
 a       sc\r+4 ,h[ev]1 ?is caution is  
prop]1 t :5ev]       milk-pottage be    
giv5 ! v9eg>-:ey is to be omitt$ =      
obvi\s reasons4 ,9 cases ( accid5t1 !   

same att5tion is       to be obs]v$ 9 ! 
disease by inoculation z 9 !            
natural way1 & ! m$ic9es recomm5d$ are !
 same ,i       w\ld use2 b by           
inoculation !re seldom is a call =      
any1 s fav\rably does ! di/emp] proce$  
?r\gh its       sev]al /ages4        ,! 
crisis be+ ov]1 x w be prop] to purge ! 
cattle1 to air !m by degrees1 & to h !  
same reg>d       9 ! managem5t ( !m z is
 laid d[n 9 ! *apt] on       ! me?od (  
cure4  ,! typhic virus is s highly      
infecti\s & poison\s t ! fir/ animals   
inoculat$ w\ld h all di$2 x w\ld h be5  
necess>y to inoculate successively a    
numb] ( animals ) ! virus d]iv$ f ! fir/
 inoculation1 & transmitt$ f an         
inoculat$ animal to a heal?y "o1 by :i* 
means !y w\ld h acquir$ a virus ( !     
fir/1 second1 ?ird g5]ation1 & s on4 ,^!
 inoculations hav+ always be5 made on   
f\r animals at a "t2 on two ( !m1 !     
disease w\ld h be5 left to take its own 
c\rse1 9 ord] t ! exp]im5tali/s might   
wat* its progress & developm5t1 & ! two 

o!rs w\ld h suppli$ ! virus =           
inoculation4  ,at ! ?ird or f\r?        
g5]ation1 ! virus1 modifi$ & att5uat$ 9 
its infecti\s pr9ciples1 w\ld no long] h
 be5 mortal 9 its effects1 z exp]i5ce   
has prov$ 9 ,russia4 ,!n ! inoculat$    
animals1 plac$ "u ! control ( hygi5ic   
c>es & a few purgative & tonic          
m$ications1 w\ld h pass$ f convalesc5ce 
to heal?4 ,! virus ?us att5uat$ w\ld h  
suppli$ ! means ( a practical           
inoculation on a l>ge scale to all      
heal?y animals4  ,proce$+ ?us1 !y w\ld1 
moreov]1 b h foll[$ ! me?od adopt$ 9 ^? 
times ( epidemic & epizootia :5 !       
small-pox is rag+4 ,on ^? occasions1 we 
subject our sick pati5ts to vacc9ation  
or revacc9ation2 we inoculate ! v>iola 9
 our %eep ?reat5$ ) ! contagion2 we     
pursue ! same c\rse 9 cases ( epizootia1
 ( p]ipneumonia4 ,& truly1 t :i* x is   
reasonable to d 9 "o case may be        
g5]aliz$ & appli$ to a great] numb]4  ,!
 exp]im5t we h sugge/$ might1 p]haps1 h 
be5 long & difficult1 nay1 ev5 co/ly1 b 

we %\ld h e/abli%$1 aft] a c]ta9 "t1 !  
rational me?od ( ?is prev5tive treatm5t1
 & h di/ribut$ ! same ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry4 
,vet]9>ians w\ld h =m$ 9 p>ticul>       
di/ricts _! c5tre ( op]ation1 9 :i* !   
prev5tive virus might h be5 produc$1 &  
!y might h gone f f>m-h\se to f>m-h\se  
to inoculate all ! cattle )9 !m4  ,f ^! 
facts & obs]vations made by !           
physicians1 preci\s docum5ts w\ld h be5 
d]iv$2 & if1 contr>y to all expectation1
 success _h n ju/ifi$ e hope1 we %\ld h 
bequea!d to future g5]ations facts &    
exp]i5ces :i* w\ld h be5 ( ! mo/ useful 
"* to !m & full ( in/ruction4 ,?us x is 
t sci5ce advances & progress is         
accompli%$4  ,if all t we h j indicat$ z
 a realizable matt] _h be5 done1 9      
effect1 ,engl& w\ld h af=d$ 9 ?is1 z %e 
has s (t5 done 9 o!r cases1 a noble     
example to be foll[$1 & w\ld h acquir$ a
 new title to ! admiration ( o!r        
nations4  ,b1 un=tunately x has n be5 s3
 sil5ce has succe$$ to eloqu5ce at      
,guildhall1 & ! meet+s at !             

,mansion-h\se h flick]$ away4 ,t :i* 0  
held on ! #bg? ( ,septemb]1 seems likely
 to be ! la/ ( !m4,u  ,! subscriptions  
:i*1 9 spite ( all ! praisewor?y ef=ts &
 e>ne/ness ( ! ,"l ,mayor1 did n rea*   
#bjjjl41 7 return$ to ! subscrib]s1 s t 
all ! attempts :i* h be5 made to        
c5tralize ! direction to be giv5 to !   
v>i\s measures h prov$ abortive4 ,! plan
 ( =m+ sanit>iums1 z well z t (         
comp5sat+ ! own]s ( cattle1 h bo? fall5 
to ! gr\nd4  ,:at c we ?9k ( su* a /ate 
( ?+s :5 we see ! ox-typhus ext5d+ its  
ravages to %eep1 & h to fe> t ! disease 
w spread to o!r animal species8 ,:at    
s]i\s reflections x creates 9 our m9ds1 
& :at awful consequ5ces we might d$uce  
!refrom6 ,b :at w\ld be ! use ( !m8     
,let u add1 h[ev]1 t ,france1 save on ! 
recognis$ pr9ciple ( indemnification1 & 
a m spe$y ext]m9ation ( h] ta9t$ cattle1
 has %[n ! same defici5cy z to ! means (
 treatm5t z ,engl&2 :il/ we h !         
consolation ( attribut+ ?is impot5ce on 
! "p ( ?is c\ntry to ! fact t ! outbreak

 ( ! epizootia has occurr$ dur+ !       
,p>liam5t>y recess4  ,x is1 !re=e1 to   
in/itutions r ?an to individuals t we   
mu/ ascribe ! impossibility ( conqu]+ ! 
difficulties :i* h be5 met1 & :i* at any
 o!r "t might n h ob/ruct$ ! c\rse (    
?+s4 ,f> be x f u !re=e to accuse (     
indiff]5ce a great p r5[n$ = _! zeal\s  
promotion ( public int]e/s1 = _! *>ity &
 inexhau/ible philan?ropy1 ^: innum]able
 asylums h be5 op5$ to e mis=tune1 :o   
support s _m hospitals & public *>ities 
by _! volunt>y contributions1 & :o1 9 s 
_m calamities1 h se5 "s devot$ h]o9e    
issue f h] retirem5t to assuage !m4 ,=  
if ! ,crimean w> produc$ its lady       
b5efic5t 9 ! p]son ( ,flor5ce           
,night+ale1 all ( u mu/ all[ t if o!rs  
_h foll[$ ! example ( ,miss ,burdett    
,c\tts1 :o1 9 a mann]1 has /ood alone   
aga9/ ! /orm1 by ! facilities %e has    
af=d$ = treat+ & exp]im5taliz+ on !     
cattle smitt5 ) typhus1 ! =midable      
sc\rge might h be5 arre/$ 9 its focus4  
,,iii4  ,curative ,m$ication4  ,we might

 acquire ! means ( resi/+ ! g5]al causes
 :i* develop ! typhus2 we might /op its 
diffusion1 we might ev5 prev5t x1 by    
inoculat+ ! s\nd & heal?y animals1 & yet
 x w\ld be necess>y1 none ! less1 to    
se>* = ! means ( cur+ x2 =1 z 9 !       
small-pox1 ! prev5tive treatm5t ( :i* we
 "k1 c]ta9 circum/ances w\ld arise 9 !  
disease :i* w\ld oblige u to treat x4 ,&
 z we are f> f be+ able to resi/ !      
g5]ation & dissem9ation ( ?is sc\rge1   
:i* reckons almo/ z _m victims z        
suff]]s1 x is important to make kn[n :at
 treatm5t we c oppose to ! functional   
d]angem5ts to :i* x gives rise4  ,z we h
 already said1 ?is typhus1 :5 ! organism
 has absorb$ its peccant & infecti\s    
miasma1 produces a succession ( disord]s
 :i* become 9 a mann] tempor>y          
functions2 x pursues its phases1 its    
p]iods2 & z ! functional d]angem5ts     
diff] at ^! sev]al epo*s f ! developm5t 
( ! morbid ph5om5a1 ! c\rse ( m$ic9e :i*
 is employ$ to *eck !m _c always be !   
same4 ,/>t+1 !re=e1 f practical data1 we

 w att5d ! disease 9 its gradual        
advance--t is to say1 9 its di/9ct      
p]iods--& w aft]w>ds expla9 c]ta9       
pr$om9ant symptoms1 :i*1 ow+ to _!      
importance1 mu/ likewise fix ! att5tion 
( ! c>eful !rapeuti/4  ,x w be rememb]$ 
t we h recognis$ f\r p]iods 9 ! regul>  
c\rse ( typhus3--    #a/1 a p]iod (     
incubation2   #bnd1 a p]iod (           
initiation2   #crd1 a p]iod ( duration2 
#d?1 a p]iod ( decl9e4  ,b1 9 ! fir/    
place1 be=e beg9n+ ! treatm5t1 e f>m] or
 grazi]1 or cattle-own]1 :o keeps a     
c]ta9 numb] ( cattle1 %\ld divide 8 h]d 
into sev]al classes1 9 ord] to regulate 
& me?odize ! c>es to be giv5 to ! sick4 
,?us1 he w =m a fir/ class1 compris+ !  
animals 9 a s\nd & heal?y /ate1 hav+ _h 
no int]c\rse1 ei!r direct or indirect1 )
 ! ta9t$ cattle1 & :i* he w be c>eful   
imm$iately to isolate & keep ap>t4  ,a  
second class mu/ be =m$ ( ^? bea/s1 :i*1
 ?\gh z yet unaffect$ ) ! di/emp]1 h1   
nev]!less1 be5 expos$ m or less directly
 to its contagion1 by liv+ & consort+ ) 

!m1 or by _! contact ) o!r animals1 ei!r
 at fairs or m>kets1 or 9 ! %ips &      
cattle-trucks on ! railway dur+ _!      
transit f "o place to ano!r4 ,! horn$   
cattle compos+ ?is latt] class mu/ be   
c>efully wat*$1 & be made ! subject ( ! 
prev5tive treatm5t1 ! mom5t ! fir/ sign 
appe>s ( ! work+ ( ! incubation4  ,a    
?ird class mu/ be =m$1 consi/+ ( cattle 
actually smitt5 ) ! di/emp]4  ,^!       
divisions ( animals be+ ?us settl$ &    
sep>at$1 w dim9i% ! lab\r & ! co/ (     
treatm5t & ! liability to diffuse !     
compla9t1 especially :5 ! epizootia     
beg9s to lose its virul5ce4   ,fir/     
,p]iod--( ,incubation4  ,we h said t    
infecti\s diseases1 :5 once ! frame _h  
suff]$ ! effects ( ! poison\s miasma1   
pursu$ _! fatal c\rse1 & t1 g5]ally     
speak+1 x 0 impossible aft] su*         
infection to arre/ its developm5t4 ,we  
say g5]ally1 = ! typhus at ! outbreak ( 
its appe>ance on a virg9 soil sometimes 
manife/s itself 9 a b5ignant mann]1 !n x
 becomes m de/ructive1 by-&-bye its     

p]nici\s prop]ties decl9e1 & x 9 "s sort
 goes out ( itself4 ,"o w\ld say t !    
epizootia1 l ^? x smites1 has likewise  
its peculi>ities1 its p]iod (           
initiation1 ( duration1 & ( decl9e4 ,!re
 are 9 consequ5ce fix$ times or epo*s   
dur+ :i* ! suff]]s af=d bett] scope =   
our means ( action2 at a giv5 mom5t !   
att5uat$ virus1 hav+ lo/ mu* ( its      
deadly effects1 ceases to produce dea?1 
:i* decl9e is ! real s\rce ( ! m>vell\s 
successes obta9$ by c]ta9 rem$ies aga9/ 
! epizootia4  ,if x be true t ! di/emp] 
at its p]iod ( duration1 & at its mo/   
critical mom5t1 _c be fett]$1 we %\ld n 
be ju/ifi$ 9 ass]t+ positively ! same1 z
 respects ! p]iod ( incubation4 ,inde$1 
we are conv9c$ ourselves1 t if ev] ?is  
disease %all be clogg$ 9 ! :eel1 if ev] 
its specific rem$y %all be discov]$1 x w
 be )9 ! p]iod ( incubation1 :5 !       
economy beg9s to /ruggle ) ! fir/       
ph5om5a ( ! poison+4 ,be t z x may1 we  
_c1 9 epizootic times1 too e>ne/ly enjo9
 ! own]s ( cattle to submit _! animals  

to a /rict & close inspection1 9 ord] t1
 :5 ! fir/ signs ( incubation appe>1 !y 
may modify ! animal's usual diet1 &     
attack ! disease at its bir?1 s z to    
r5d] x abortive1 if ! ?+ c be done4  ,at
 ?is p]iod we mu/ endeav\r to come to   
,nature's assi/ance1 we mu/ %ake & /ir  
up ! economy1 we mu/ unseat ! morbid    
functions :i* seek to ma/] u1 & !n !    
vital =ce1 ?us solicit$ & /imulat$1 may 
sometimes /ruggle ) advantage4 ,to d ?is
 effectually1 if ! animal is atonic &   
pr$ispos$ to adynamia1 if 8 int]nal     
organs are relax$1 we w /r5g!n him by   
adm9i/]+ e day a /imulat+ bev]age4 ,if  
he is conf9$ to ! /all we w give him !  
op5 air1 & let him graze ! fields2 :i*  
is a treatm5t by itself = ! invalid     
animal1 s vivify+ is ! pure air ( !     
common1 & s ?or\ghly diff]5t f !        
atmosph]e :i* is p5t up )9 8 /all4 ,if !
 animal is /rong1 lu/y1 exub]ant )      
heal?1 let him be purg$ once or twice1 !
 purgative to be giv5 at int]vals (     
tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 7,we %all give ! m$ical 

=mula 9 ! *apt] address$ to f>m]s1      
grazi]s1 c47  ,?is purgation1 moreov]1 w
 correspond ) ! !ory ( ^? au?ors :o     
consid] ! evacuations z ! prop] means ( 
deliv]+ ! economy f ! infecti\s miasms  
:i* h be5 absorb$4  ,if ! bea/ is       
ple?oric1 rec\rse %\ld sometimes be _h  
to ble$+1 especially 9 hot & dry        
seasons1 l ! "o we h rec5tly pass$      
?r\gh4  ,^! /imulative & depletive      
m$ications _c b be fav\rable to !       
animal1 s9ce x w anticipate ! treatm5t  
to :i* he mu/ be submitt$ a few days    
lat]1 :5 ! disease %all h decl>$ itself4
  ,to ?is treatm5t1 9 "s sort prev5tive1
 mu/ be annex$ an antimiasmatic bev]age1
 ei!r a p]manganate ( pota%1 or a       
solution ( *lorate ( pota%1 or ( ars5ic 
acid 9 p[d]1 mix$ ) "s aromatiz$        
bev]age1 or solution ( ars5iate ( soda4 
,^! anti-typhic dr9ks mu/ be discont9u$ 
on ^? days :5 ! sick cattle are purg$4  
,x ne$ h>dly be said1 t dur+ ?is p]iod (
 incubation ! fe$+ ( ! cattle mu/ be    
/rictly att5d$ to1 & t ! animal mu/     

receive unusual hygi5ic c>e4   ,second  
,p]iod1 or t ( ,initiation4  ,at ?is    
p]iod ! con/itution & temp]am5t ( ! sick
 cattle mu/ fir/ ( all be delib]ately   
/udi$1 s z to asc]ta9 fully :i* are     
lymphatic1 :i* are n]v\s1 & :i* are     
sangu9e4 ,we mu/ notice ! age1 ! sex1 ! 
/ate ( ge/ation1 & make all[ance = any  
prior compla9ts to :i* any ( ! sick     
cattle may h be5 subject4 ,= if1 l c]ta9
 sy/em-mong]s1 we r$uc$ ! treatm5t ( all
 ta9t$ cattle to ! same ma!matical =mula
 ( m$ication1 t is1 ei!r to ble$+ or to 
purg+ exclusively1 we %\ld c]ta9ly      
increase ! numb] ( victims4  ,9 ?is /age
 ( ! disease we h to cont5d ) !         
d]angem5ts ( ! circulation & secretions4
 ,! fev] is g5]ally int5se1 ! blood is  
inflam$ or vitiat$1 ! muc\s membranes   
are dri$ up2 %iv]+s1 alt]nations ( cold 
& heat1 c41 occur4 ,we mu/ !n mitigate  
^! morbid ph5om5a ei!r by ble$+ or      
purg+4 ,! ble$+ mu/ be m or less copi\s1
 accord+ to ! /r5g? ( ! animal4 ,=1 x   
mu/ n be =gott5 t we h sev]al critical  

phases to pass ?r\gh1 & if we exhau/ !  
animal by too l>gely dra9+ him ( blood1 
we may =feit ! success ( ! treatm5t4 ,if
 ble$+ is consid]$ unnecess>y1 let !    
suff]] be purg$ at once1 by adm9i/]+    
ei!r sulphate ( magnesia 7,epsom salts71
 or sulphate ( soda 7,glaub]'s salt74   
,^! purges to be tak5 daily1 = two or   
?ree days1 accord+ to ! way !y op]ate4  
,l9se$ oil1 mix$ 9 "s w>m bev]age1 may  
be giv5 in/ead ( ^!1 or else a mixture (
 rhub>b & calomel1 or ev5 a decoction ( 
s5na4 ,pref]5ce %\ld be giv5 to sal9e or
 laxative purges1 z1 dra/ic purgatives1 
su* z aloes or jalap1 sometimes         
conc5trate ! inflammation on ! n>r[ p>ts
 ( ! dige/ive *annels4  ,9 ?is second   
/age--! p]iod ( initiation--! appetite  
is g5]ally gone1 ! ?ir/ excessive2 s t  
nutritive or solid fe$+ mu/ ( c\rse be  
suppress$4  ,z = ! dr9ks1 !y mu/ be     
cold1 consi/+ ( wat] ) suffici5t fl\r   
mix$ 9 x to :it5 x1 & a little v9eg> or 
sulphuric acid1 to acidulate x4 ,a      
decoction ( good hay ) "s m>9e salt1 or 

nitrate ( pota%2 a decoction ( pellitory
 or wall-wort1 ( gr\nd-ivy1 or :ey1 or  
butt]milk1 likewise acidulat$1 & :i* !  
cattle are v p>tial to1 w 9 e way be    
suitable = _! use4 ,if ! heat ( ! sk9   
dim9i%es1 & if conge/ion appe>s to      
settle on ! lungs1 ! dr9ks mu/ be giv5  
w>m1 consi/+ ( a decoction ( borage     
leaves1 mall[s1 m>%-mall[1 & pellitory4 
,9 ^! cases1 ! body mu/ be protect$ f   
*ills by ov]lay+ x ) blankets1 s z to   
keep ! mass ( ! blood z mu* z possible  
on ! surface1 & *eck ! t5d5cy x has to  
load ! int]nal organs4  ,by foll[+ ^!   
prescriptions1 we %all answ] all !      
conditions ( ! treatm5t dur+ ! second   
p]iod4 ,9 tru?1 by ! process ( ble$+1 we
 %all h r$uc$ ! heat ( ! fev]1 & prev5t$
 too great a fl[ t[>ds ! n]v\s1         
pulmon>y1 or dige/ive c5tres4 ,! purg+s 
w h act$ ) simil> effects2 &1 :at is m1 
!y w h cle>$ ! prim vi1 & r5d]$ !       
circulation ( ! abdom9al app>atus m     
easy4 ,9 f9e1 ! dr9ks w h contribut$ to 
assuage ! viol5ce ( ! fev]4 ,! wa%+1 :i*

 mu/ be effect$ ) a wet sponge pass$ ov]
 ! nose1 m\?1 & eyes1 & !n ov] ! sk91   
:i* mu/ aft]w>ds be rubb$ dry1 w be bo? 
useful & pleasant to ! sick animal4 ,?is
 cleans+ w ma9ta9 ! important functions 
( ! sk9 9 due ord]4  ,"s p]sons h       
advocat$ z mo/ efficaci\s at ?is p]iod  
hydro-!rapia1 or ! ,wat]-cure1 9 ! =m ( 
w>m & cold ablutions1 vap\r ba?s1 c4    
,?is treatm5t1 s brac+ by its revulsive 
action1 & ! p[]ful influ5ce ( :i* we    
witness$ = sev]al ye>s 9 ! e/abli%m5t   
:i* we sup]9t5d$ at ,belle ,vue1 ne>    
,p>is1 might prove ( "s s]vice 9        
ox-typhus1 especially 9 ! =m ( ! vap\r  
ba?2 b x requires s mu* practice1 & s   
incessant & wat*ful a c>e1 t x is ne$ful
 to h ! process att5d$ by an exp]i5c$   
practition]4  ,we mu/ rem>k1 9 addition1
 t ! g5]al /ate ( ! animal1 & 8 desire =
 food1 w %[ ! degree ( /rictness &      
re/ra9t :i* mu/ be obs]v$ 9 regulat+ 8  
diet4 ,8 in/9ct mu/ be tak5 by u z a    
guide2 & if ! dr9ks r5d]$ nutritive by !
 addition ( bran1 oatmeal1 b>ley fl\r1  

or ev5 se$ ( grass p\nd$1 are reli%$ by 
him1 we mu/ indulge 8 desires to "s     
ext5t1 9 ord] to keep up 8 /r5g?4       
,?ird ,p]iod1 or t ( ,duration4  ,at ?is
 /age ( ! di/emp] we mu/ wat* & foll[   
/ep by /ep ! symptoms :i* att5d x1 &    
come to _! relief4  ,all ! secretions h 
n[ resum$ _! c\rse2 f ! muc\s membranes 
!re occurs a copi\s dis*>ge1 fir/ ( all 
s]\s1 !n ?ick & muco-purul5t2 ! brea?+  
may be ob/ruct$1 ! di>rhoea frequ5t2 !  
air infiltrates b5ea? ! integum5t4 ,!   
fev] is sometimes cont9u\s1 sometimes   
int]mitt5t4 ,we mu/ satisfy ! crav+s ( !
 vital p[]s by adm9i/]+ ! same bev]ages 
z 9 ! prec$+ p]iod4 ,f> f *eck+ !       
di>rhoea1 z "s advise1 we mu/ regulate !
 evacuations by means ( laxatives1 su* z
 t>trate ( pota%1 sulphate ( magnesia1  
or sulphate ( soda4 ,x is v ess5tial1   
inde$1 t ! muc\s membranes ( ! dige/ive 
*annels %\ld be free1 & n irritat$ by ! 
contact ( solid alim5t>y sub/ances or   
bili\s secretions4  ,if ! di>rhoea be   
too frequ5t or irritat+1 we mu/ give !  

suff]] night & morn+ a cly/]1 consi/+ ( 
bran wat]4  ,at ?is p]iod we w foll[ !  
advice giv5 ov] & ov] aga9 by all !     
physicians ( ! la/ c5tury1 & apply      
caut]ies ) r$-hot iron1 or fix "o or two
 setons ei!r on ! dewlap1 ! neck1 or !  
?ighs1 & ^! issues mu/ be kept op5 by   
means ( basilicon o9tm5t4 ,x is         
unque/ionably ( ! highe/ importance to  
promote all ! depurative secretions 9   
animals ^: cellul> tissue is *ok$ up )  
grease & lymph4 ,^? only h got well 9   
:i* ! runn+ has be5 regul> & copi\s1 & !
 wa/+ ( ! fle% progressive4  ,if ! fev] 
is n regul>1 two pills ( sulphate (     
qu99e mu/ be giv51 ea* pill conta9+ "o  
gramme1 "o pill 9 ! morn+1 ! o!r dur+ ! 
day1 9 ord] to prev5t ! fit1 :i* usually
 takes place 9 ! ev5+4 ,if ! /ate (     
atony1 ( adynamia1 comes on at ?is      
p]iod1 acetate ( ammonia mu/ be giv51 f 
"o to six ounces1 9 a p9t ( wat]1 ! same
 to be adm9i/]$ 9 two doses2 only !     
acidul\s or alkal9e dr9ks mu/ be        
discont9u$1 o!rwise ! acetate ( ammonia 

w\ld be decompos$ 9 its passage into !  
dige/ive *annels4 ,f9ally1 ! eyes1 !    
no/rils1 & ! m\? mu/ be frequ5tly wa%$ )
 an infusion ( camomile1 or "s o!r      
aromatic plant4  ,! setons mu/ be kept  
up v c>efully4 ,if ! sick animal reli%es
 ! nutritive bev]ages1 let him h a      
decoction ( bread1 rice1 b>ley1 or oats4
   ,f\r? ,p]iod1 or t ( ,decl9e4  ,at   
?is /age ( ! disease1 9 :i* adynamia    
pr$om9ates1 ev]y?+ mu/ t5d to support ! 
organism4 ,! dr9ks mu/ be bitt] &       
/imulat+2 be]1 ) pl5ty ( hops 9 x1 ) an 
addition ( p[d]$ ,p]uvian b>k or        
sulphate ( iron1 may be giv52 or a      
decoction ( ?is b>k1 ) g5tian roots1    
c5taury leaves1 & hops2 or aga91 a      
bev]age may be adm9i/]$ night & morn+1  
made ( vet]9>y !riacum1 ( extract (     
junip] & alcohol2 or f9ally1 an infusion
 ( aromatic plants4  ,if ! di>rhoea be  
bloody & fetid1 give ! animal night &   
morn+ a cly/]1 consi/+ ( a decoction (  
,jesuit's b>k1 add+ !reto a spoonful (  
p[d]$ wood *>coal1 p\nd$ to ! f9e/ p[d]1

 & pass$ c>efully ?r\gh a sieve4 ,if !  
runn+ ceases1 its return mu/ be excit$  
by inject+ 9 ! no/rils a spoonful (     
/]nutatory v9eg> or smell+ salts4       
,f9ally1 ! purul5t boils mu/ be op5$1 & 
dress$ ) /imulat+ o9tm5t4  ,at ?is clos+
 p]iod1 :i* det]m9es ! fate ( ! disease1
 z we say1 !re is a t5d5cy to despair ( 
! cure4 ,see+ ! fatal c\rse ( mo/       
attacks1 we lose he>t1 dea? seems       
inevitable1 & we yield its prey to its  
fangs4 ,b let u n despair2 let u rememb]
 t1 9 ^! febrile infecti\s diseases1    
above all1 ! ph5om5a mu/ almo/ always   
proce$ to ! la/ /age ( exhau/ion ( !    
vital p[]s to r5d] ! cure atta9able4 ,"s
 pati5ts1 smitt5 ) typhoid fev] or      
*ol]a1 h ow$ _! lives to ! indefatigable
 t5acity ( ! conte/ 9 extremis betwe5   
life & dea?4  ,i /ill see be=e me a     
*ol]aic pati5t1 :om1 dur+ ! epidemic (  
#ahdi1 ,i _h left 9 ! morn+ at t5       
o'clock1 pass+ into ! cold p]iod4 ,at   
five o'clock ,i return$ to see him2 !   
:ole family 0 9 te>s1 & ! %eet _h be5   

?r[n ov] ! pati5t's head1 z if he _h    
already brea!d 8 la/4 ,"t 0 preci\s to  
me at t fell season1 & ,i 0 ab\t to     
retire1 :5 ,i appli$ my f+] to ! wri/ ( 
! suff]]1 & felt a fa9t pulsation at    
long int]vals4 ,i ?rew my coat (f       
directly1 call$ = flannel & ess5tial oil
 ( mu/>d1 :i* ,i _h prescrib$ t morn+4  
,i set ! example1 & in/antly ! :ole     
family help$ me to rub ! pati5t 9 e     
direction4 ,9 a qu>t] ( an h\r ! he>t   
quick5$ & reviv$1 & 9 less ?an half an  
h\r m ! circulation resum$ its c\rse2 at
 ! end ( an h\r ( ?is ob/9ate /ruggle ! 
vital heat began to %[ itself--9 a ^w1 !
 pati5t 0 sav$4  ,we mu/ n1 !re=e1 give 
up ! conte/ until ! dea? ( ! suff]] is  
fully asc]ta9$2 & ! same p]si/5cy %\ld  
be practis$ 9 ! case ( animals smitt5 ) 
! typhus4 ,if ! circulation slack5s1 if 
! sk9 turns cold1 take a piece ( wool1  
coat x ) rubefaci5t l9im5t1 & rub !     
animal !re)1 m p>ticul>ly along ! sp9e4 
,!n give him a cordial dr9k1 & pass     
raies de feu ov] ! lo9s4 ,all ^!        

appliances w help to /imulate ! n]v\s   
sy/em1 & resuscitate ! exhau/$ p[]s (   
life4  ,if1 at la/1 we are s =tunate z  
to ov]come ! pr(\nd adynamia :i* has    
utt]ly pro/rat$ ! frame1 we next %all h 
to su/a9 ! sick animal by giv+ him      
decoctions ( meat ) sea-salt1 or        
sulphate ( iron add$ to x1 or a light   
bro?1 made ) meat & bread4  ,h]bivor\s  
animals1 put ^u a c>nivor\s diet1 w\ld n
 g5]ally endure x1 ( c\rse2 b "s ( !m r 
incl9e to unctu\s bev]ages1 & ev5 to    
cook$ or raw meat4 ,all m5 "k t c]ta9   
horse tra9]s give race-horses a small   
portion ( meat1 especially :5 ! races   
are com+ on1 9 ord] to increase _!      
mettle & /r5g?4  ,we rememb] a %eep1 :i*
 we saw at ! ,ecole d',al=t1 dur+ our   
/udies ( comp>ative pa?ology & !        
cutane\s diseases ( dome/ic animals1 :i*
 manife/$ a great lik+ = meat1 & ev5 ate
 x rav5\sly l a glutton4  ,9            
convalesc5ce1 ! animal mu/ be s5t into !
 op5 air1 9 "s fold enclos$ ) b>s2 he   
mu/ be tak5 e day to pa/ure1 ea* day    

increas+ ! "t he is all[$ to fe$1 &     
gradually he w be left to return to 8   
usual regim54 ,b /ill x mu/ be obs]v$1 t
 9 ?is di/emp] convalesc5ce is long &   
sl[1 & v deceitful4 ,a too sub/antial   
c\rse ( fe$+ (t5 revives ! inflammation 
( ! inte/9es by irritat+ ulc]ations n   
yet heal$1 & m ?an "o animal :i* _h be5 
look$ ^u z cur$ has p]i%$ 9 its         
convalesc5ce ?r\gh a lack ( wat*ful     
att5tion4  ,h]bivor\s bea/s1 !re=e1     
incl9e to & dige/ animal food2          
consequ5tly1 we mu/ give sick ox5 meat  
bro?s1 pure milk1 or milk & wat]4 ,) ^! 
mu/ be mix$ :eat /raw *opp$ small1 = hay
 or ev5 oat /raw w\ld swell & di/5d !   
/oma*s4  ,! typhus 9 ?is epizootia is n 
regul> 9 its progress & developm5t4     
,frequ5tly ! n]v\s or pulmon>y ph5om5a  
pr$om9ate1 :5 ! treatm5t1 su* z we h j  
expla9$1 mu/ be modifi$4 ,we mu/ also   
be> 9 m9d t nature does n divide a      
disease into p]iods1 l ^? we h adopt$ to
 r5d] our exposition ( ! symptoms m     
intelligible & ! treatm5t itself m      

me?odical4  ,if ! n]v\s =m ( ! disease  
prevails--if ! animal %[s alt]nations ( 
dulness & re/lessness--if1 pressure on !
 sp9e is v pa9ful--above all1 if1 9     
bulls1 = in/ance1 !re is ple?ora1 let ! 
ble$+s & purg+s be increas$ 9 ord] to   
abate ! n]v\s ere?ismus4 ,9 ?is =m1 !   
viol5ce ( ! attack usually c>ries (f !  
bea/4 ,%\ld !re1 h[ev]1 be any *ance (  
sav+ him x w be by employ+ ?is          
m$ication1 :i* is at once revulsive &   
depletive1 not)/&+ ! well-kn[n fact t   
ble$+s1 f> f reliev+ ! n]v\s sy/em1     
sometimes aggravate its irritability4   
,a g5]al ablution ) cold wat] may be    
tri$ 9 desp]ate cases4 ,! animal mu/ !n 
be imm$iately well rubb$1 & cov]$ )     
wool1 9 ord] to excite a ?or\gh         
reaction4  ,9 ! pulmon>y =m ( ! typhus1 
b only dur+ ! acute /age1 ! dr9ks mu/ be
 w>m & emolli5t1 compos$ ( a decoction (
 soo?+ sub/ances1 ) mall[s1 c42 or "o ( 
l9se$1 to :i* mu/ be add$ "s oxymel (   
squills & opium4 ,! purgatives mu/ be   
non-/imulat+2 & emetics1 freely dilut$1 

= in/ance1 w be v s]viceable4  ,at !    
?ird & f\r? p]iod 9 ?is pulmon>y =m ( ! 
disease1 adopt ! treatm5t prescrib$ =   
inte/9al typhus4  ,we might h greatly   
enl>g$ ! li/ ( ! ph>maceutic ag5ts1 b ! 
ri*] a treatm5t is 9 rem$ies ! poor] x  
is 9 cures4 ,we h made *oice ( ! simple/
 & safe/ among all ! rem$ies advis$ by  
exp]i5c$ m51 mak+ all[ance = !          
difficulties inh]5t to ! numb] (        
animals1 ! mode ( application1 ! co/1   
c41 always keep+ 9 view ! life ( !      
animal to be sav$ & ! int]e/ ( ! cattle 
own]s4  ,we ?9k t ! treatm5t by         
inoculation might h prev5t$ ! typhus 9 a
 v l>ge proportion1 & t ! curative      
m$ication might h sav$ _m ( ! infect$   
cattle at ! wor/ p]iod ( ! epizootia4   
,su*1 !n1 are ! results :i* w "o day be 
obta9$1 :5 we %all be able to sup]s$e ! 
b>b>\s process ( g5]al ext]m9ation1 by !
 adoption ( a rational treatm5t1 f\nd$  
at once on sci5ce & practical exp]i5ce4 
,,iv4      ,hygi5ic ,measures to be tak5
 aga9/ ! ,ext5sion ( !                  

,contagion--,acts & ,ord]s conc]n+      
,sanit>y ,police       ,regulations4  ,i
 h purposely neglect$1 9 discuss+ !     
v>i\s plans ( treatm5t1 c]ta9 measures  
to be adopt$ ) ! object ( oppos+ !      
spread ( ! contagion4 ,! memor&um       
publi%$ on ?is subject by ! ,privy      
,c\ncil1 & drawn up by ,dr4 ,?udi*um1 is
 s complete & s cle>1 t we c f9d no?+   
bett] to say4 ,i recomm5d its p]usal to 
all :o possess horn$ cattle1 & :o h     
occasion to s5d !m to any di/ance4 ,x is
 ( ! highe/ importance to foll[ ?is     
judici\s advice1 z ! g5]al int]e/ w     
con/itute "h ! safegu>d ( ! pecuni>y    
int]e/s ( ea* 9 p>ticul>4 ,i add to ?is 
memor&um ^u hygi5ic measures1 !         
consolidat$ & am5d$ acts & ord]s publi%$
 "u ! head ( ,sanit>y ,police4 ,9 ?is   
way ^? int]e/$ w h b5ea? _! eyes all :i*
 x is important = !m to "k1 bo? 9 a     
m$ical & legal po9t ( view4             
,,memor&um on ! ,pr9ciples & ,practice (
           ,dis9fection1 z applicable to
 ! pres5t ,epidemic (           ,cattle 

,disease4 ,by ,j4 ,l4 ,w4 ,,?udi*um1    
,m4,d4         ,sid5ote3 ,i4--,pr9ciples
 ( dis9fection4        ,i4--,,pr9ciples 
,,( ,,dis9fection4        ,sid5ote3 #a4 
,def9ition ( dis9fection4        #a4 ,! 
t]m dis9fection signifies ! removal &   
de/ruction1 or de/ruction & subsequ5t   
removal ( !       products ( de/ruction1
 ( all matt]s actually be+ or           
conta9+ products ( disease capable (    
reproduc+       disease 9 o!r animals4  
,sid5ote3 #b4 ,may include special      
purification &       deodorization4     
#b4 ,if ! same processes & means1 z us$ 
= ?is       purpose1 are appli$ to !    
purification & deodorization       (    
places & ?+s n actually infect$1 b      
capable or       suspect$ ( be+ infect$1
 !n ^! prev5tive measures       are     
practically & prop]ly includ$ "u !      
def9ition       ( dis9fection4          
,sid5ote3 #c4 ,reproduc]s & prim>y      
c>ri]s (       infection4               
,sid5ote3 ,infecti\s p>ts ( dead        
animals4        #c4 ,! reproduc]s ( !   

infecti\s matt] or contagion are        
all k9ds ( cattle ( ! ox tribe1 :i* also
 are at       pres5t 9 ?is c\ntry ! only
 animals liable to its       specific   
effects4 ,x is probable t ! contagion   
adh]es       ) p>ticul> p]t9acity to all
 secretions & dis*>ges       f sick     
animals4 ,= ?is reason1 fces or dropp+s1
       ur9e1 rum9at$ food1 all          
secretions f ! m\?1 nose1       & eyes1 
& any sore p>ts ( ! surface ( ! diseas$ 
animals mu/ be consid]$ z ! pr9cipal &  
prim>y       c>ri]s ( ! infecti\s matt] 
or plague poison4 ,x is       also      
probable t _m p>ts ( animals :i* h di$  
f ! cattle plague1 or h be5 kill$ dur+  
advanc$       /ages ( ! disease1 are    
infecti\s1 "s because !y are            
prim>ily imbu$ ) ! contagion1 o!rs      
because !y       h be5 9 contact ) x    
aft] ! dea? ( ! animal4       ,sk9s1    
hides1 hair1 horns1 & ho(s1 mu/ !re=e   
always       be treat$ ) precaution4 ,! 
*ances ( infection by       fle%1 fat1  
clean$ guts1 & blood1 are p]haps m      

remote1 b _c be lo/ sight (4            
,sid5ote3 #d4 ,p>ticul> dang] ( dropp+s1
 or fces4        #d4 ,! cattle plague1  
al?\gh affect+ e "p ( !       animal1   
%[s its visible effects mo/ ext5sively 9
 !       inte/9al canal4 ,x is believ$1 
& app>5tly ^u good       gr\nds1 t !    
inte/9al dis*>ges are ! pr9cipal        
ag5ts1 ^u ! di/ribution ( :i* ma9ly     
dep5ds !       spread ( ! disord]4      
,sid5ote3 #e4 ,enum]ation ( infect$ ?+s 
& places4        #e4 ,x foll[s f !      
above1 t all articles :i* h       be5 9 
contact ) a diseas$ animal1 or any ( its
       dis*>ges1 p>ticul>ly its fces1   
are capable ( c>ry+       ! infection = 
an indef9ite "t1 & mu/ be look$       ^u
 z be+ actually infecti\s to o!r heal?y 
animals4       ,su* are racks ( wood or 
iron2 cribs or mang]s ( wood1           
iron1 or /one2 articles us$ = fa/5+     
animals2 lea!r       coll>s & /raps1    
ropes & *a9s2 all h>ness ( any          
animals us$ = draw+1 & all c>ts1        
waggons1 &       c>riages :i* !y h      

actually be5 draw+2 ! /alls       or %$s
 9 :i* animals h be5 /&+2 ! :ole        
l5g?s ( ! gutt]s & dra9s ?r\gh :i* _!   
ur9e       has be5 fl[+2 ! entire       
surface ov] :i* _! manure       has be5 
drawn1 & all implem5ts ) :i* ! removal  
has be5 effect$2 ! entire dung-heap ^u  
:i* infect$       manure has be5 put1 & 
! fluid cont5ts ( ! manure       pit1 or
 ( ! special receptacle = ! ur9e2 y>ds  
or       %$s 9 :i* cattle h be5 kept to 
tread d[n long       /raw1 & ! :ole (   
su* /raw & manure1 z also !       gr\nd 
b5ea? !m2 pa?s & roads ^u :i* diseas$   
cattle h walk$ or be5 c>ri$2 fields &   
mead[s ^u       :i* !y h be5 graz+2 all 
c>ts1 c>riages1 trucks       & railway  
trucks 9 :i* diseas$ cattle h be5       
convey$1 & all ! plat=ms1 rail+s1       
bridges1 &       bo>ds ^u :i* !y h be5  
mov$ !reto2 z also all       app>atus   
:i* has be5 us$ to p51 tie1 lift1 haul1 
l[]1 & fix !m2 ! clo!s1 & p>ticul>ly    
%oes &       boots1 & iron-po9t$ /icks (
 driv]s & _! dogs2       ! app>el ( all 

cattle-h]ds or att5dants1 p>ticul>ly    
_! %oes & boots2 ! %oes & boots ( all   
p]sons       visit+ places :]e diseas$  
cattle are or h be5       /&+2 &1 9     
g5]al1 ! clo!s ( all p]sons       visit+
 infect$ places1 %ips1 & all p>ts ( !   
plat=ms1 /ages1 /airs & bridges1 hoi/s &
 cranes       us$ = emb>k+ & l&+ !      
animals2 m>kets1 & all       %$s1 & p5s1
 & implem5ts us$ 9 contact ) cattle2    
slaught]-h\ses1 & all p]sons & implem5ts
 9 !m       :i* h be5 employ$ ^u sick   
cattle1 z also sundry       p>ts or     
organs :i* come f sick animals kill$ 9  
slaught]-h\ses2 knack]s' y>ds1 trucks or
 c>ts1 horses1       m51 & implem5ts :i*
 h be5 employ$ 9 ! disposal       ( sick
 or dead animals2 wells & ponds f :i*   
diseas$       cattle h be5 dr9k+1 or    
into :i* any portion (       _! excreta 
has _h any opportunity ( fl[+1 directly 
or indirectly2 all fodd]1 grass1 hay1   
/raw1 clov]1 c41       & p>ticul>ly     
remnants ( fodd] ^u :i* diseas$         
cattle h be5 fe$+2 &1 9 g5]al1 all      

p]sons1       animals1 places1 build+s1 
& movable ?+s :i* h       be5 9 contact 
) matt]s proce$+ f diseas$       cattle1
 or ) su* diseas$ cattle !mselves4 ,to !
       above-m5tion$ places & ?+s any ( 
! processes &       ag5ts enum]at$ &    
describ$ 9 ! foll[+ may h       to be   
appli$4         ,sid5ote3 ,,ii4         
,practice ( dis9fection4                
,,ii4--,,practice ,,( ,,dis9fection4    
,sid5ote3 ,a4 ,dis9fection by e>?4      
,sid5ote3 #a4 ,bury+ ( animals1 c4      
,a4 ,dis9fection by ,e>?4 #a4           
,bury+4--,all matt]s t       c be buri$1
 s z to rema9 cov]$ ) a ?ick lay] (     
gr\nd or e>? are innocu\s4 ,! gr\nd *os5
 = su*       int]m5t %\ld be dry4 ,!    
quicke/1 & *eape/1 &       mo/ c]ta9 way
 ( dis9fect+ an animal dead f !         
plague is to bury x entire4             
,sid5ote3 #b4 ,bury+ ( dung4        #b4 
,! dropp+s1 & all /raw & o!r matt]s     
contam9at$ !re)1 may also be buri$ into 
gr\nd :]e       !y are n likely to be   
di/urb$ = a long "t4 ,!       places f  

:i* su* dropp+s h be5 remov$ to be      
clean$ & dis9fect$ z w be describ$ bel[4
        ,sid5ote3 #c4 ,infect$ manure & 
compo/ heaps4        #c4 ,manure heaps &
 ! d[n-trodd5 manure ( cattle y>ds1     
if !y h become infect$ by ev5 a small   
quantity ( !       dropp+s ( a diseas$  
animal1 %\ld be c>efully %ift$       to 
a suitable piece ( gr\nd1 & !re be      
trans=m$ into       compo/ heaps4 ,a    
lay] ( manure "o or two feet 9          
?ickness %\ld be cov]$ all ov] ) six    
in*es ( dry       e>?1 a%es1 & m9]al    
rubbi%2 ^u ?is ano!r lay]       ( manure
 may be plac$1 & !n aga9 a lay] ( e>?1  
& s =?1 until ! :ole ( ! manure is      
/ack$2 x       %\ld be cov]$ all ov] ) a
 cont9u\s lay] ( e>?       ( f six in*es
 to "o foot 9 ?ickness4 ,if ! manure    
heap or y>d manure _c be %ift$1 x may be
 cov]$ on       ! spot ) a lay] ( dry   
e>?1 aft] :i* all animals       are to  
be kept away f x4        ,sid5ote3 #d4  
,removal ( boil infect$ by soakage4     
#d4 ,if ! floor ( any %$ or /able 9 :i* 

diseas$       cattle has be5 /&+ is n   
con/ruct$ ) special       wat]-tight &  
imp5etrable mat]ial1 x mu/ be assum$ to 
be infect$ to ! dep? ( at lea/ six      
in*es4 ,?is gr\nd       %\ld !re=e be   
remov$1 toge!r ) any /ones1             
pavem5ts1 or wood "w :i* may h be5 9    
contact )       x1 c>t$ to a piece ( dry
 l& & buri$4 ,half-rott5       wood is a
 p>ticul>ly fav\rable c>ri] ( infection4
       ,mort>1 bricks1 loam1 or any o!r 
l9+ ( ! sides ( a       p5 9 :i* a      
diseas$ animal has be5 /&+1 %\ld be     
brok5 out & buri$4        ,sid5ote3 ,b4 
,dis9fection by fire4        ,sid5ote3  
#a4 ,burn+4        ,b4 ,dis9fection by  
,fire4 #a4 ,burn+4--,all infect$        
articles ( a m9or value1 or made (      
incombu/ible       mat]ials1 c be       
dis9fect$ by expos+ !m to a heat        
:i* w *> organic matt]4 ,to ?is class ( 
articles       may be reckon$ racks (   
wood or iron2 cribs or mang]s (         
wood1 iron or /one2 lea!r coll>s &      
/raps1 ropes &       *a9s2 dry manure1  

residues ( fodd] f :i* diseas$          
cattle h eat52 & all su* small articles 
( little       value :i* c easily be    
replac$ by new ones4 ,*a9s may       be 
expos$ to a dull r$ heat2 all o!r       
articles may be       heat$ ov] a fire (
 coal1 bru%wood1 or /raw until well     
scor*$4 ,all new articles ( ironw>e %\ld
 be b\ght 9 a       galvanis$ /ate1 to  
prev5t ! =mation ( ru/1 !               
accumulations ( :i* =m conv5i5t seats = 
infecti\s       matt]1 & = ! same       
purpose x is desirable t iron           
articles :i* h be5 dis9fect$ by heat z  
above %\ld       aft]w>ds be ei!r       
galvanis$1 or1 at lea/1 :ile hot be     
treat$ ) res91 to cov] !m ) a durable   
v>ni%1 or       %\ld be v>ni%$ or pa9t$4
        ,sid5ote3 ,c4 ,dis9fection by   
*loride ( lime4 ,g5]al       rem>ks4    
,c4 ,dis9fection by ,*loride (          
,lime4--,*loride ( lime1 or       blea*+
 p[d]1 is ! mo/ p[]ful1 ! *eape/ &      
mo/ easily manag$ ( all artificial      
dis9fectants4 ,x c       be _h ev]y:]e1 

& at any "t1 & 9 quantities             
suffici5t = e purpose4 ,x %\ld z mu* z  
possible       he appli$ 9 solution1 ( a
 /r5g? v>y+ some:at )       ! p>ticul>  
purpose = :i* x is to be employ$2 &     
aft] x has be5 all[$ to act ^u ! surface
 or matt]       to be dis9fect$ a       
reasonable "t1 %\ld be wa%$ (f1         
toge!r ) all products ( decomposition4  
,z *loride (       lime does n de/roy   
only ! infecti\s matt] 9 a              
mixture1 b de/roys all organic matt] )\t
       di/9ction1 x is n applicable to  
l>ge quantities (       matt]1 su* z !  
manure ( cattle1 dung-heaps1 c41        
inasmu* z twice or ?ree times ! weight (
 ^! matt]s       ( *loride ( lime w\ld  
be requir$ = _! effectual               
de/ruction & dis9fection4 ,x is fur!r   
inapplicable to       all matt]s ri* 9  
ammonia1 p>ticul>ly putrid ur9e1 z      
x de/roys ! ammonia & evolves a l>ge    
am\nt ( gases1       "s ( :i* h a       
repugnant od\r1 & are p]haps n       q  
innocu\s4 ,b = ! dis9fection ( surfaces 

(       ?+s & places no bett] or m      
suitable ag5t ?an       *loride ( lime  
is at pres5t kn[n to sci5ce4            
,sid5ote3 ,d4 ,special directions =     
dis9fection (       /ables1 %$s1 c41    
trucks1 & %ips1 c4        ,sid5ote3 #a4 
,special directions4        ,sid5ote3   
,wa%+4        ,sid5ote3 ,scrubb+4       
,sid5ote3 ,all wa%+ wat] to be          
dis9fect$4        ,d4 ,special          
,directions = ! ,dis9fection ( ,/ables1 
,%$s1 ,vans1 ,railway ,trucks1 & ,cattle
 ,%ips1,v & (       ,p]sons & ,?+s      
connect$ ) !m4--#a4 ,aft] su* a         
place has be5 clean$ by me*anical means1
 scrap+1 c41       z mu* z possible1 &  
all manure & dirt has be5       c>efully
 buri$1 ! entire surface :i* has be5    
contam9at$1 or is likely to h be5       
contam9at$1 %\ld       be cov]$ ) a lay]
 ( *loride ( lime 9 p[d]4 ,!       p[d] 
%\ld be work$ ab\t ) a broom until      
equally       di/ribut$4 ,x is int5d$ to
 dis9fect ! wat] to be       us$ 9 !    
wa%+ process :i* is n[ to comm5ce4      

,clean       wat]1 f a hose 9 :i* x fl[s
 "u pressure1 or f       a =ce-pump1    
g>d5-eng9e1 or f l>ge wat]+-pots or     
wat]-cans1 or p\r$ freely f buckets1    
%\ld n[ be       appli$ to ! entire     
surface by "o p]son1 :ile ano!r       at
 ! same "t scrubs ! entire surface2 &   
p>ticul>ly       all crevices1 jo9ts1 & 
irregul>ities4 ,! wa%+ wat]       &     
*loride ( lime are !n to be work$ d[n ! 
gutt]s1       into ! s9ks1 cesses1 or   
natural wat]c\rses4 ,no wa%+       wat] 
f any infect$ place or ?+ %\ld ev] be   
all[$ to fl[ into any cesspool1         
ur9e-hold1 dung-heap1       pond1 sew]1 
or natural wat]c\rse1 )\t hav+          
previ\sly be5 mix$ & /irr$ ) a lib]al   
am\nt (       *loride ( lime4 ,:5 !     
place has ?us be5 scrubb$       until ! 
wat] fl[s (f clean1 x is ready =        
effectual       dis9fection4            
,sid5ote3 #b4 ,actual dis9fection4      
,sid5ote3 ,solution ( *loride ( lime4   
,sid5ote3 ,h[ appli$4        ,sid5ote3  
,h[ long to be left on4        #b4 ,=   

?is purpose a solution ( *loride ( lime 
9 wat]1       9 ! proportion ( "o p\nd (
 ! p[d] to "o gallon       ( wat]1 is   
made4 ,= ! lair ( "o animal f six to    
t5 gallons ( su* fluid %\ld be prep>$4  
,?is fluid is       n[ di/ribut$ ov] !  
:ole surface to be dis9fect$1           
gradually1 by squirt+ f a syr+e1 or by  
pump+       ?r\gh a =ce-pump1           
g>d5-eng9e1 or by wat]+ f a             
wat]+-pot or c ) a f9ely pi]c$ rose4    
,all       woodwork1 /ones1 bricks1     
cem5t1 mort>1 all fixtures (            
:atev] mat]ial1 %\ld be well wett$ ) !  
solution1       & imm$iately be scrubb$ 
) a h>d bru%4 ,floor &       ceil+ are  
also scrubb$1 & ! :ole is left 9 ?is wet
       /ate cov]$ ) ! *loride ( lime    
solution = at       lea/ "o h\r1 dur+   
:i* "t c>e is tak5 t no       p>ts      
become dry4        ,sid5ote3 #c4 ,to be 
wa%$ (f aft] dis9fection4               
,sid5ote3 ,flu%+4        ,sid5ote3      
,precautions z to direction ( clean     
wat]4        #c4 ,z ! *loride ( lime & !

 products ( its       decompos+ action  
^u infecti\s matt]s may be hurtful to   
cattle1 ^! matt]s h to be c>efully wa%$ 
(f by a       second & f9al flu%+4 ,=   
?is too mu* wat] & too       mu* scrubb+
 _c be employ$4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 to    
apply ! clean wat] always to ! highe/   
p>ts1 s z to       cause x to fl[ !nce  
to ! l[] p>ts1 & to wa% away       !    
wa/e f ! l[] p>ts be=e apply+ any fre%  
wat] to ! upp] p>ts4        ,sid5ote3   
#d4 ,c>e n to c>ry back dirt by brooms1 
boots1       c4        #d4 ,c>e %\ld    
also be tak5 to r9se & flu% e broom     
:i* has work$ away s$im5t & wa/e f ! l[]
       p>ts into & ?r\gh ! gutt]s &     
dra9s be=e       apply+ x aga9 to !     
clean upp] p>ts4 ,c>e %\ld also       be
 tak5 t ! work+ p]sons %\ld n /ep f !   
dirty or p>tially cleans$ places on to !
 clean ones1 z       ?is may suffice to 
br+ infection back to ! dis9fect$       
place4        ,sid5ote3 #e4 ,dis9fection
 ( workm5 & tools4        #e4 ,la/ly1   
all p]sons employ$ 9 ?is "w1 hav+ swept 

& flu%$ ! gutt]s ) ! same c>e z ! lairs1
 are       collect$1 toge!r ) all eng9es
 & tools :i* !y       h us$1 z ne> z    
possible to ! s9k or place ( f9al       
egress ( wat] f ! premises1 & !re       
dis9fect$ z       w be describ$4        
,sid5ote3 ,tools4        ,! tools1 su* z
 hooks1 =ks1 spades1 hoes1 b>r[s1 c41   
are scrubb$ ) ! above solution ( *loride
 ( lime1       & subsequ5tly wat] until 
clean2 !y are !n       repeat$ly wett$ )
 ! solution1 & aft] x has _h       "t to
 dis9fect ! entire surfaces ( !m1 !y are
       wa%$ clean & laid up1 or hung up 
to dry4        ,sid5ote3 ,workm54       
,sid5ote3 ,dis9fection ( boots4         
,sid5ote3 ,dis9fection ( workpeople's   
bodies1 h&s1 c4        ,sid5ote3 ,*ang+ 
& dis9fect+ clo!s4        ,sid5ote3     
,burn+ ( articles ( little value4       
,! workm51 !n1 hav+ f9i%$ ! dis9fection 
&       flu%+ ( all objects & surfaces1 
effect _! own       dis9fection 9 !     
foll[+ mann]3--,!y wa% _! boots         
mo/ c>efully ) *loride ( lime & wat]1   

scrap+ !       soles & scrubb+ ! seams  
:]e ! soles jo9 ! upp]       lea!r4 ,!y 
wa% _! h&s & arms1 & by means (         
clean rags or sponges !y remove any     
spla%es f _!       clo!s4 ,aft] ?is !y g
 indoors1 remove all clo!s f       head 
to foot1 wa% _! bodies1 & p>ticul>ly _! 
h&s1 faces1 hair & feet1 ) pl5ty ( soap 
& wat]1       & put on fre% clo!s & l954
 ,! clo!s & l95       :i* !y h tak5 (f  
%\ld be treat$ z infect$1 set       to  
soak imm$iately 9 boil+ wat] & aft]w>ds 
dis9fect$1 or 9 wat] conta9+ two ounces 
( *loride       ( lime to ! gallon 9    
solution1 or conta9+ f\r ounces       ( 
,condy's r$ p]manganate ( pota% fluid 9 
solution2 or       ! clo!s & l95 %\ld be
 put 9 a copp] & boil$       &          
subsequ5tly wa%$4 ,all articles ( little
 value :i*       are mu* soil$ %\ld be  
burn$ on a bright fire4        ,sid5ote3
 ,e4 ,dis9fection ( live /ock4          
,sid5ote3 #a4 ,/ock may c>ry infection 9
 two modes4        ,e4 ,dis9fection (   
,live ,/ock4--#a4 ,live cattle may c>ry 

infection 9 two ways3 fir/1 by be+      
!mselves infect$       ) ! plague &     
reproduc+ ! poison2 & secondly1 by      
accid5tally c>ry+ ! poison f o!r animals
 9 a       dormant /ate ^u "s "p ( _!   
surface1 _! hair1       & p>ticul>ly _! 
feet4 ,^! latt] animals may       !re=e 
infect o!rs )\t be+ or becom+ !mselves  
subjects ( ! plague4 ,all p]sons !re=e  
buy+ new       animals1 %\ld dis9fect !m
 be=e all[+ !m to ent]       _!         
premises4 ,9 a simil> mann]1 if 9 a     
/able !re       has be5 a case ( plague1
 ! heal?y or app>5tly heal?y            
animals %\ld all be dis9fect$4          
,sid5ote3 #b4 ,mode & means ( dis9fect+ 
live /ock4        ,sid5ote3 ,w>m+ &     
refre%+ dr9k4        ,sid5ote3 ,p5n$ 9 !
 qu>ant9e %$4        #b4 ,! mode 9 :i*  
live animals may be dis9fect$1          
consi/s 9 wa%+ !m ) dis9fectant         
solutions ( su*       /r5g? z w de/roy !
 contagion )\t injur+ !       surface ( 
! animal4 ,a solution ( two ounces (    
*loride       ( lime 9 a gallon ( wat]1 

is a prop] solution =       wa%+ ! coat 
( animals4 ,a mixture ( f\r ounces (    
,condy's r$ p]manganate ( pota% fluid1 )
 "o gallon (       wat]1 is also a prop]
 dis9fectant solution4 ,=               
full-siz$ c[s & bullocks1 c41 sev]al    
gallons ( ei!r       ( ^! solutions %\ld
 be us$4 ,great c>e %\ld be       tak5  
to keep ! solution away f ! eyes1       
no/rils1       m\?1 & t5d] p>ts4 ,:5 !  
entire surface is wa%$       &          
dis9fect$1 all dis9fectant is remov$ by 
!       application ( great quantities (
 clean tepid wat] to all       p>ts4 ,! 
animal is giv5 a w>m+ & refre%+ dr9k1   
& is conduct$ by a clean att5dant to !  
clean       qu>ant9e %$4 ,!re x %\ld    
receive fodd] bo? dry &       gre51 &   
sop1 & pl5ty ( pure cold wat]1 & be     
rubb$       dry ) :isks ( /raw & hay4   
,sid5ote3 ,f4 ,! qu>ant9e %$4           
,sid5ote3 #a4 ,objects4        ,sid5ote3
 ,bo? qu>ant9e & surface dis9fection are
       requir$4        ,f4 ,! ,qu>ant9e 
,%$4--#a4 ,! qu>ant9e %$ is       int5d$

 to keep ! new & suspect$ cattle sep>ate
 = a       p]iod ( at lea/ t5 days1 9   
ord] to af=d !       security1 to be    
obta9$ by obs]vation alone1 t x is      
n actually infect$ ) plague4 ,:ile1     
!re=e1       dis9fection ( ! surface (  
cattle removes "o k9d (       dang]1    
ano!r1 :i* _c be remov$1 c only be kept 
circumscrib$ or p5n$ 91 & ?is is done by
 !       qu>ant9e %$4 ,b ! keep+ (      
cattle 9 ! qu>ant9e       %$ w\ld n     
dis9fect its surface ) c]ta9ty ev5      
dur+ a mu* long] p]iod ?an t5 days2     
dis9fection (       ! surface !re=e _c  
supply ! precaution ( !       qu>ant9e  
%$1 & a rigor\s qu>ant9e _c supply !    
effect ( surface dis9fection4 ,bo?      
precautions are       necess>y = p]fect 
security1 al?\gh ei!r ( !m1       )\t ! 
o!r1 obviates a p>ticul> k9d & a c]ta9  
am\nt ( dang]4        ,sid5ote3 #b4     
,managem5t ( ! qu>ant9e %$4        #b4  
,! qu>ant9e %$ %\ld be situat$ 9 an     
isolat$       "p ( ! premises4 ,all     
manure & ur9e f x %\ld       fl[ & be   

c>ri$ to a p>ticul> place sep>ate &     
di/9ct f ! common dung-heap1 & be buri$ 
daily4        ,sid5ote3 ,cleanl9ess4    
,sid5ote3 ,p]sons att5d+ heal?y /ock n  
to att5d       qu>ant9e %$1 & vice v]s4 
,! utmo/ cleanl9ess %\ld be obs]v$ 9 !  
%$4 ,all       tools1 pails1 currycombs1
 etc41 us$ 9 ?is %$ %\ld be       us$ 9 
x exclusively & n[h]e else4 ,! p]son    
att5d+ ! qu>ant9e %$ %\ld n be all[$ to 
g       into ! %$ :]e heal?y /ock is    
kept1 or p]mitt$ to       approa* heal?y
 /ock4 ,no p]son att5d+ heal?y /ock     
%\ld be p]mitt$ to approa* qu>ant9e     
cattle1 or to g       ne> or into !     
qu>ant9e %$4 ,b %\ld un=tunately        
only "o p]son be available = bo? duties1
 t p]son       %\ld be all[$ to approa* 
qu>ant9e cattle only :5       clo!d 9 ! 
safety dress to be imm$iately describ$4 
,sid5ote3 ,g4 ,! safety dress4          
,sid5ote3 #a4 ,description4        ,g4  
,! ,safety ,dress4--#a4 ,?is consi/s (  
/rong       wat]-boots rea*+ up to !    
knees1 well greas$ all ov]2       ( a   

wat]pro( coat1 button$ close all ! way  
up 9       front1 & clos+ tightly r\nd !
 neck & wri/s4 ,!       head is to be   
cov]$ ) a cap :i* takes ! hair well     
94        ,sid5ote3 #b4 ,p]sons :o %\ld 
use ! safety dress4        ,sid5ote3 ,to
 dis9fect be=e leav+ suspect$ or infect$
       premises4        #b4 ,e p]son    
hav+ occasion to visit %$s 9 :i*        
!re is diseas$ cattle1 or suspect$      
cattle1 or qu>ant9e       cattle1 %\ld  
be provid$ ) ! above dress1 put x on    
:5 ent]+ ! place1 take x (f :5 leav+ !  
place1       & h x dis9fect$ imm$iately4
 ,?is precaution %\ld       be /rictly  
obs]v$ by all inspectors1 all           
vet]9>ians1       or o!rs call$ 9 to    
att5d sick cattle1 by all deal]s       &
 but*]s ent]+ %$s1 y>ds1 or mead[s1 = ! 
purpose ( sale or pur*ase1 & by all o!r 
p]sons com+       on ! premises on      
bus9ess 9 connexion ) cattle4           
,sid5ote3 #c4 ,/rang]s n to ent] %$s    
except 9       dis9fect$ safety dresses4
        ,sid5ote3 ,proprietors ( cattle 

to keep safety dresses4        #c4 ,!   
own]s ( /ock %\ld n all[ any /rang]s to 
ent] _! %$s1 y>ds1 or mead[s1 except 9  
dis9fect$       safety-dresses2 & 9 case
 ?is %\ld give rise to                  
difficulties1 !y w d well to h !mselves 
"o or       two su* safety-dresses at   
h&1 & to cause all p]sons       ^:      
bus9ess compels !m to ent] _! %$s1 to   
leave       _! own boots beh9d1 & to put
 on ! long boots1       wat]pro(-coat1 &
 special cap4 ,only ?us c !y hope to    
exclude all ord9>y & obvi\s *ances (    
infection f       _! previ\sly heal?y   
%$s1 y>ds1 & mead[s4        ,sid5ote3   
,h4 ,measures to be tak5 :]e plague has 
appe>$4        ,sid5ote3 ,kill+ & bury+ 
diseas$ animals4        ,sid5ote3       
,dis9fect+ ! liv+ & ! /ables4        ,h4
 ,measures to be tak5 on ,premises :]e  
,plague has       actually appe>$4--#a4 
,:5 ! plague has actually       appe>$ 9
 any %$1 y>d1 or place1 ! sick animal   
%\ld       at once be remov$ ) all due  
precautions4 ,x is c]ta9ly       ! safe/

 & be/ to pole-axe ! animal at once1 &  
to       bury x entire1 & !n to dis9fect
 ! p>ticul> lair z       above describ$1
 cle> out ! /able or %$1 dis9fect       
! :ole ( x & all app>atus1 also all !   
animals1 &       only to let ! animals  
ent] ! %$1 c4 aga91 aft] x       is     
completely sweet & dry4        ,sid5ote3
 #b4 ,hospital %$4        ,sid5ote3     
,situation (4        #b4 ,if1 h[ev]1 a  
proprietor is desir\s ( keep+ a sick    
animal because its illness does n appe> 
sev]e or fatal1       he %\ld place x 9 
a sep>ate %$1 :i* mu/ n be !       same 
z or ne> to ! qu>ant9e %$1 & be di/ant f
       all heal?y animals1 & s situat$ t
 ! prevail+       w9d does n bl[ f ?is  
hospital %$ t[>ds !       heal?y or     
qu>ant9e %$4 ,! wat] %\ld also n fl[    
f ?is hospital %$ t[>ds ! o!rs1 or !    
y>d1 or       any mead[1 b %\ld be      
c>efully dra9$ away & s5t       (f !    
premises by a special s9k4              
,sid5ote3 #c4 ,prev5t+ ( diffusion (    
fces4        #c4 ,to prev5t ! scatt]+ ( 

fces by infect$ animals       7& also by
 suspect$ animals & all animals suff]+  
f di>rhoea71 _! tails %\ld be s ti$ to  
"o or       o!r ( _! horns z to protect 
!m aga9/ be+ soil$       by ! inte/9al  
dis*>ges1 & to prev5t !m f              
di/ribut+ su* dis*>ges by ! ceaseless   
motions       peculi> to ^! organs4 ,!  
spatt]+ ( fces %\ld be       prev5t$ by 
a copi\s supply ( r\gh /raw1 ) "s       
s&1 sawdu/1 or a%es plac$ beh9d &       
und]nea? !       animal4 ,! /raw & fces 
%\ld be dealt ) z has be5               
describ$4 ,animals affect$ ) plague or  
di>rhoea %\ld       n be l$ along       
/reets1 highroads1 & pa?s1 z !y         
w\ld be c]ta9 to drop infecti\s fces1   
:i* w\ld !n       be di/ribut$ ov] !    
entire l5g? ( ^! roads by !       feet (
 m5 & animals1 & ! :eels ( vehicles4    
,sid5ote3 #d4 ,special managem5t (      
hospital %$4        ,sid5ote3 ,p]sons to
 be employ$4        #d4 ,! sick animals 
%\ld be dis9fect$ repeat$ly2 _!         
p5s %\ld be clean$ & dis9fect$          

repeat$ly1 dur+       ! c\rse ( !       
illness4 ,?is %\ld be done by p]sons    
ei!r gu>d$ by ! safety dress1 or--& ?is 
is       safe/--by su* z may n come into
 contact ) heal?y       cattle1 or h to 
ent] heal?y %$s4 ,all tools1 pails1     
fodd]1 c41 to be us$ 9 ! hospital %$ to 
be kept =       t purpose only1 & nev]  
to be us$ ) heal?y1 or       qu>ant9e1  
or only suspect$ cattle4                
,sid5ote3 #e4 ,dis9fection ( p>ts ( dead
 or kill$       animals4        #e4 ,if 
! proprietor ( any dead piece ( cattle1 
:e!r x       has di$ naturally or be5   
kill$1 %\ld decide ^u       dismemb]+ x 
in/ead ( bury+ x entire1 & ^u           
utilis+ ! hide1 horns1 ho(s1 tall[1 &   
bones1 he       %\ld dis9fect ! sk91    
horns1 & ho(s1 by /eep+       !m = "o   
h\r 9 a /rong solution ( *loride ( lime1
       conta9+ "o p\nd ( ! p[d] 9 ea*   
gallon ( wat]1       & aft]w>ds wa%+ !m4
 ,! tall[ %\ld be ?ickly       p[d]$ )  
*loride ( lime all ov]1 & be s5t        
directly to ! boil]s4 ,x %\ld n be boil$

 9 any       vessel employ$ on ! f>m4   
,"u all circum/ances1 x is              
advisable to let ?is dismemb]m5t ( dead 
& fall5       cattle he p]=m$ at !      
knack]'s y>d4        ,sid5ote3 #f4      
,fle%1 c41 to be buri$4        #f4      
,fle%1 blood1 guts1 lungs1 & ! bones ( !
 head (       infect$ animals %\ld n be 
traffick$ )1 z !y       _c easily be    
dis9fect$4 ,!y %\ld always be buri$4    
,sid5ote3 ,i4 ,dis9fection ( mead[s1    
fields1 roads1 c4        ,sid5ote3 #a4  
,mead[s4        ,i4 ,dis9fection (      
,mead[s1 ,fields1 ,roads1 c4--#a4       
,mead[s       infect$ by diseas$ cattle 
%\ld be c>efully clean$ (       all     
dung1 by bury+ ea* dropp+ on ! spot :]e 
x       lies1 cutt+ out ! r\nd piece (  
turf ) ! dropp+       on x1 & turn+ x   
upside d[n4 ,! grass on ! entire        
mead[ %\ld !n be cut & burn$4 ,x %\ld !n
 be left       )\t any cattle = at lea/ 
a mon?1 includ+ at lea/       two wet   
days4        ,sid5ote3 #b4 ,( roads1 c4 
#b4 ,all roads1 pa?s1 /reets ( t[ns1 or 

villages %\ld be       c>efully &       
frequ5tly scav5g$4 ,all c>ts1 vans1 or  
waggons us$ = c>ry+ manure1 %\ld be     
wat]-tight1       caulk$ & pa9t$1 & %\ld
 n be p]mitt$ to ooze &       drop _!   
fluid or semi-fluid cont5ts on ! road   
ov]       :i* !y are drawn4 ,!y %\ld be 
kept clean &       dis9fect$1 z a       
precaution>y measure1 by ! proce$+s     
above describ$4         ,sid5ote3 ,,iii4
 ,g5]al recomm5dations4        ,,iii4   
,,g5]al ,,recomm5dations4        ,9     
conclusion x mu/ be po9t$ out to f>m]s1 
dairym51       & all p]sons hav+ *>ge ( 
cattle1        ,t ! same great measures 
:i* are kn[n to ma9ta9       & re/ore ! 
heal? ( human be+s1 w also ma9ta9       
& re/ore ! heal? ( cattle4        ,pure 
air2 dry1 spaci\s1 well-v5tilat$ &      
well-dra9$       clean %$s2 clean & dry 
mead[s2 pl5ty ( pure wat]2       frequ5t
 curry+ & wa%+2 ! prev5tion ( !         
developm5t1 by ! de/ruction ( ! g]ms1 ( 
int]nal       & ext]nal p>asites1       
p>ticul>ly entozoa2 prop] food 9        

suitable quantities1 & at prop] times2  
protection f       inclem5t wea!r2 !    
utmo/ cleanl9ess 9 ! removal (          
manure2 ! /or+ ( ! manure at a great    
di/ance f       ! cattle-%$1 &1 9       
addition1 ! mo/ consci5ti\s             
obs]vance ( ! precaution>y & dis9fect+  
measures       above describ$--all ^!   
measures & ag5ts toge!r       w secure !
 utmo/ possible heal? ( /ock & !        
prosp]ity ( ! agriculturi/ & dairyman4  
,b !       neglect ( any "o ( !m w make 
! /ock liable to       become infect$1 &
 ! m s ! m sev]al or all       collat]al
 conditions ( ! heal?y exi/5ce ( animals
       are neglect$4 ,! neglig5t man is 
!re=e c]ta9 to       lose1 to injure 8  
neighb\r by defeat+ 8 precautions1      
& to damage society2 b ! wat*ful &      
pa9/ak+ man       w be rew>d$ n only by 
! pres]vation ( 8       prop]ty1 b      
p>ticul>ly by ! consci\sness t x has    
be5 pres]v$ by 8 own c>e & att5tion1 & t
       !reby he has also b5efit$ ! /ate4
         99       99       99       99  

99  ,?is consolidates & am5ds ! =m]     
,ord]s4        7,copy47        ,at !    
,c\ncil ,*amb]1 ,:itehall1 ! #bbnd day (
       ,septemb]1 #ahfe4        ,by !   
,lords ( ,h] ,maje/y's ,mo/ ,hon\rable  
,privy ,c\ncil4          ,,pres5t4      
,"l ,presid5t4         ,duke ( ,som]set4
         ,e>l ( ,cl>5don4         ,e>l  
de ,grey & ,ripon4         ,mr4         
,secret>y ,c>dwell4         ,mr4 ,h4 ,a4
 ,bruce4        ,,:]eas by an ,act pass$
 9 ! session ( ! elev5? &       twelf?  
ye>s ( ,h] pres5t ,maje/y's reign1 *apt]
 "o       hundr$ & sev51 intitul$ ,an   
,act to prev5t until !       #a/ day (  
,septemb]1 #ahej1 & to ! end ( ! !n next
       session ( ,p>liam5t1 ! spread+ ( 
contagi\s or       infecti\s disord]s   
among/ %eep1 cattle1 & o!r              
animals1 & :i* has s9ce be5 f "t to "t  
cont9u$ by div]s subsequ5t ,acts1 &     
la/ly by an ,act       pass$ 9 ! session
 ( ! tw5ty-eigh? & tw5ty-n9?       ye>s 
( ! reign ( ,h] pres5t ,maje/y1 *apt] "o
       hundr$ & n9ete51 x is 7among/ o!r

 ?+s7 enact$       t x %all be lawful = 
! ,lords & o!rs ( ,h]       ,maje/y's   
,privy ,c\ncil1 or any two or m ( !m1 f 
"t to "t1 to make su* ,ord]s &          
,regulations z to !m       may seem     
necess>y = ! purpose ( prohibit+ or     
regulat+ ! removal to or f su* p>ts or  
places z       !y may designate 9 su*   
,ord] or ,ord]s1 ( %eep1       cattle1  
horses1 sw9e1 or o!r animals1 or ( meat1
 sk9s1       hides1 horns1 ho(s1 or o!r 
"p ( any animals1 or (       hay1 /raw1 
fodd]1 or o!r articles likely to        
propagate       infection2 & also = !   
purpose ( purify+ any y>d1       /able1 
ou?\se1 or o!r place1 or any waggons1   
c>ts1       c>riages1 or o!r vehicles2 &
 also = ! purpose (       direct+ h[ any
 animals dy+ 9 a diseas$ /ate1 or any   
animals1 p>ts ( animals1 or o!r ?+s     
seiz$ "u !       provisions ( ! said    
,act1 are to be dispos$ (2 & also       
= ! purpose ( caus+ notices to be giv5 (
 !       appe>ance ( any disord] among  
%eep1 cattle1 or o!r       animals1 & to

 make any o!r ,ord]s or ,regulations = !
       purpose ( giv+ effect to !       
provisions ( ! said ,act1       & aga9  
to revoke1 alt]1 or v>y any su* ,ord]s  
or       ,regulations2 & t all          
provisions = any ( ! purposes           
a=esaid 9 any su* ,ord] or ,ord]s       
conta9$ %all h       ! l =ce & effect z 
if ! same _h be5 ins]t$       9 ! said  
,act2 & t all p]sons (f5d+ aga9/ !      
said ,act %all = ea* & e (f5ce =feit &  
pay       any sum n exce$+ tw5ty p\nds1 
or su* small] sum z       ! said ,lords 
or o!rs ( ,h] ,maje/y's ,privy ,c\ncil  
may       9 any case by su* ,ord]       
direct3--        ,& :]eas a contagi\s or
 infecti\s disord] n[ prevails          
among ! cattle ( ,great ,brita91 :i* is 
g5]ally       designat$ ! cattle plague1
 & may be recognis$ by !       foll[+   
symptoms3--        ,great depression ( !
 vital p[]s1 frequ5t %iv]+1       /agg]+
 gait1 cold extremities1 quick & %ort   
brea?+1 droop+ head1 r$d5$ eyes1 ) a    
dis*>ge       f !m1 & also f ! no/rils1 

( a muc\s nature2       raw-look+ places
 on ! inn] side ( ! lips & ro( (       !
 m\?1 di>rhoea or dys5t]ic purg+3       
,& :]eas sev]al ,ord]s1 dat$            
respectively ! #bd? (       ,july1 !    
#aa?1 #ah?1 & #bf? ( ,augu/1 #ahfe1 h   
be5       made "u ! au?ority ( ! said   
,acts by ! ,lords (       ,h] ,maje/y's 
,privy ,c\ncil1 ) a view to *eck !      
spread+ ( ! said disord]3        ,&     
:]eas x is exp$i5t to consolidate & am5d
 !       said ,ord]s3        ,n[1 !re=e1
 ! ,lords ( ,h] ,maje/y's ,privy ,c\ncil
 d       h]eby1 by virtue (1 & 9 ex]cise
 ( ! p[]s giv5       by1 ! said ,act1 s 
cont9u$ z a=esaid1 ord] z               
foll[s3--        #a4 ,?is ,ord] %all    
ext5d to all p>ts ( ,great ,brita94     
#b4 ,! said ,ord]s dat$ respectively !  
#bd? ( ,july1 !       #aa?1 #ah?1 & #bf?
 ( ,augu/1 #ahfe1 are revok$1 ) !       
exception ( s mu* ( ! said ,ord] ( !    
#bd? ( ,july1       #ahfe1 z emp[]s !   
,cl]k ( ,h] ,maje/y's ,privy ,c\ncil    
to appo9t ,inspectors )9 ! limits ( !   

,metropolitan       ,police ,di/rict1   
provid$ t su* revocation %all n         
affect any appo9tm5t made1 or any act   
done1 or p5alty       recov]able1 "u any
 ,ord] h]eby revok$4        #c4 ,9 ?is  
,ord] ! ^w animal %all mean any c[1     
heif]1 bull1 bullock1 ox1 calf1 %eep1   
lamb1 goat1 or       sw9e2 & ! ^w       
,inspector %all include any ,inspector  
appo9t$ "u ?is ,ord]1 or "u any ( ! said
 revok$       ,ord]s4        #d4 ,:5ev] 
! ,local ,au?ority1 z h]e9aft] def9$1   
%all be satisfi$ ( ! exi/5ce ( ! said   
disord] 91       or h reason to appreh5d
 its approa* to1 ! di/rict       ov] :i*
 8 or _! jurisdiction ext5ds1 x %all be 
lawful = su* ,local ,au?ority1 if he or 
!y %all ?9k       fit1 f "t to "t to    
appo9t "o or m ,vet]9>y       ,surgeon  
or ,surgeons1 or o!r duly qualifi$ p]son
 or       p]sons1 to be an ,inspector or
 ,inspectors1 = ! purpose       ( c>ry+ 
into effect ! rules & regulations made  
by       ?is ,ord]1 )9 ! di/rict = :i*  
he or !y %all       h be5 appo9t$4 ,& ! 

same au?ority may1 f "t       to "t1    
revoke su* appo9tm5t4        #e4        
,subject to ! p[]s h]e9 res]v$ to !     
,cl]k ( ,h]       ,maje/y's ,privy      
,c\ncil1 ! ,local ,au?ority )9 ! ,city  
( ,london1 & ! lib]ties !re(1 %all be ! 
,"l       ,mayor2 9 any municipal bor\gh
 9 ,engl& or ,wales1 !       ,mayor2 9  
any ,petty ,sessional ,division 9 ,engl&
 or ,wales       7exclusive s f> z      
relates to ! jurisdiction ( !           
,inspector ( s mu* ( ! said division z  
lies1 )9       ! limits ( a municipal   
bor\gh = :i* an ,inspector has       be5
 appo9t$71 ! ,ju/ices act+ 9 & = su*    
,petty       ,sessional ,division4 ,!   
,local ,au?ority 9 any burgh or t[n     
9 ,scotl& :i* is subject to !           
jurisdiction ( a       ,provo/ or o!r   
,pr9cipal ,magi/rate1 %all be ! ,provo/ 
or su* ,pr9cipal ,magi/rate2 & 9 any o!r
 place 9       ,scotl& n )9 !           
jurisdiction ( su* ,provo/ or       o!r 
,pr9cipal ,magi/rate1 ! ,ju/ices ( !    
,c\nty 9       ,sessions assembl$4      

#f4 ,e ,inspector %all f "t to "t report
 to !       ,local ,au?ority by :i* he  
is appo9t$1 ! /eps tak5 by       him =  
c>ry+ into effect ! regulations         
prescrib$ by       ?is ,ord]2 & ! ,local
 ,au?ority %all c]tify1 9 su*           
mann] z may be direct$ by "o ( ,h]      
,maje/y's ,pr9cipal       ,secret>ies ( 
,/ate1 ! numb] ( days t su* ,inspector  
has actually be5 engag$ 9 ! p]=mance ( 8
 duty1       & ! numb] ( miles travell$ 
by him :ile ?us engag$4        #g4 ,e   
,inspector %all furni% ! ,lords ( !     
,c\ncil       ) su* in=mation 9 reg>d to
 ! said disord]1 z       _! ,lord%ips   
may1 f "t to "t1 require4        #h4 ,e 
p]son hav+ 9 8 possession1 or "u 8      
cu/ody1 any animal lab\r+ "u ! said     
disord]1 %all       =?) give notice !re(
 to ! ,inspector ( !       di/rict )9   
:i* su* p]son resides1 or if no         
,inspector %all h be5 appo9t$ = !       
di/rict )9       :i* su* p]son resides1 
!n to ! ,(fic]s h]e9aft]       nam$1    
accord+ to ! place ( resid5ce ( ! p]son 

oblig$ to give notice2 t is to say3 )9 !
       ,metropolitan ,police ,di/rict1  
to ! said ,cl]k ( ! ,privy              
,c\ncil2 )9 ! ,city ( ,london1 & !      
lib]ties       !re(1 to ! ,"l ,mayor2 )9
 any o!r bor\gh1 burgh1       or t[n    
subject to ! jurisdiction ( a ,mayor1   
,provo/1 or       o!r ,pr9cipal         
,magi/rate1 to su* ,mayor1 ,provo/1 or  
o!r       ,pr9cipal ,magi/rate2 else:]e 
9 ,engl&1 to ! ,cl]k (       ! ,ju/ices 
act+ 9 & = ! ,petty ,sessional          
,division2       & else:]e 9 ,scotl&1 to
 ! ,cl]k ( ! ,peace ( !       c\nty4    
#i4 ,e ,inspector %alt h p[] to ent] ^u 
&       inspect any premises or place 9 
:i* any animal or animals       may be  
f\nd )9 ! di/rict = :i* he is appo9t$1  
& to exam9e & inspect1 :5ev] & :]ev] he 
may       deem x necess>y1 any animal )9
 su* di/rict4        #aj4 ,e ,inspector 
%all h p[] )9 8 di/rict to       seize &
 slaught]1 or cause to be seiz$ &       
slaught]$1       & to be buri$1 z       
h]e9aft] direct$1 9 any conv5i5t        

place1 any animal lab\r+ "u ! said      
disord]4        #aa4 ,e ,inspector %all 
h p[] )9 8 di/rict to       cause to be 
cleans$ & dis9fect$1 9 any mann] :i* he 
may ?9k prop]1 any premises 9 :i*       
animals lab\r+       "u ! said disord] h
 be51 or may be1 & to cause       to be 
dis9fect$1 & if necess>y de/roy$1 any   
fodd]1       manure1 or refuse matt]1   
:i* he may deem likely to               
propagate ! said disord]4 ,& e own] or  
occupi] (       su* premises %all obey  
any ord] giv5 by su* ,inspector       = 
t purpose4        #ab4 ,e ,inspector    
%all h p[] )9 8 di/rict to       direct 
t any animal :i* he suspects to be      
lab\r+       "u ! said disord]1 %all be 
kept sep>ate f animals       free f !   
said disord]4 ,& e p]son hav+ 9 8       
possession1 or "u 8 cu/ody1 su* animal1 
%all obey       any ord] giv5 by su*    
,inspector = t purpose4        #ac4 ,e  
p]son hav+ 9 8 possession1 or "u 8      
cu/ody1 any animal lab\r+ "u ! said     
disord]1       %all1 z f> z practicable1

 keep su* animal sep>ate f       all o!r
 animals1 & %all n1 if ! animal be )9 a 
di/rict = :i* an ,inspector has be5     
appo9t$1 remove       ! same f 8 l& or  
premises1 )\t ! lic5ce (       !        
,inspector4        #ad4 ,no p]son %all  
s5d or br+ to any fair or m>ket1 or     
expose = sale1 or s5d or c>ry by any    
railway1 or by any       %ip or vessel  
coa/wise1 or place ^u1 or drive along1  
any       highway or ! sides !re(2 any  
animal lab\r+ "u !       said disord]4  
#ae4 ,no p]son 9 any di/rict = :i* an   
,inspector has       be5 appo9t$ %all1  
)\t ! lic5ce ( ! ,inspector1       s5d  
or br+ to or f m>ket1 or remove f 8 l&  
or       premises1 any animal :i* has   
be5 9 ! same %$ or       /able1 or has  
be5 9 ! same h]d or flock1 or has be5   
9 contact1 ) any animal lab\r+ "u ! said
       disord]4        #af4 ,no p]son   
%all place1 or keep1 any animal lab\r+  
"u ! said disord] 9 any common or       
un5clos$ l&1       or1 if ! animal be 9 
a di/rict = :i* an ,inspector       has 

be5 appo9t$1 9 any field or pa/ure1 :]e1
 9 !       judgm5t ( ! ,inspector1 su*  
animal may be likely to       propagate 
! said disord]4        #ag4 ,all animals
 hav+ di$ ( ! said disord]1 or hav+     
be5 slaught]$ on acc\nt !re(2 %all be   
buri$ )       _! sk9s1 & ) a suffici5t  
quantity ( quick-lime1       or o!r     
dis9fectant1 z soon z practicable1 &    
%all be       cov]$ ) at lea/ five feet 
( e>?1 or %all1 9       di/ricts = :i*  
an ,inspector has be5 appo9t$1 )       !
 cons5t ( ! own]1 be o!rwise dispos$ (2 
9       mann] direct$ by ! ,inspector4  
#ah4 ,dur+ ! cont9uance ( ! cattle      
plague )9       ! said ,city ( ,london1 
or t "p ( ! ,metropolitan       ,police 
,di/rict :i* is "u ! jurisdiction ( !   
,metropolitan ,bo>d ( ,works1 no animal 
%all be br\ght or       s5t to !        
,metropolitan ,cattle ,m>ket1 or any o!r
 m>ket       )9 ! said ,city or ! said  
"p ( ! ,metropolitan       ,police      
,di/rict1 except = ! purpose ( be+ !re  
sold       = imm$iate slaught]+2 & e su*

 animal1 z soon       z sold1 %all be   
m>k$ = slaught]1 9 ! mann] 9       :i*  
cattle are ord9>ily m>k$ = slaught] 9 ! 
,metropolitan ,cattle ,m>ket4           
#ai4 ,:5ev] any ,local ,au?ority1 z     
h]e9be=e def9$1       decl>es1 by notice
 publi%$ 9 any newspap] circulat+       
)9 8 or _! jurisdiction1 t x is exp$i5t 
t       animals1 z h]e9be=e def9$1 or "s
 specifi$       description !re(1 %all  
be exclud$ f any specifi$       m>ket or
 fair )9 t jurisdiction1 = a "t to be   
specifi$ 9 su* notice1 x is h]eby ord]$1
 t aft]       ! publication ( su*       
notice1 x %all n be lawful =       any  
p]son to br+ or s5d su* animals or      
description       !re( into su* m>ket or
 fair3 provid$ always1 t ?is            
clause ( ?is ,ord] %all n1 unless r5ew$ 
by a fur!r       ,ord]1 be 9 =ce aft] ! 
expiration ( ?ree cal5d>       mon?s f !
 date ( ?is ,ord]4        #bj4 ,e p]son 
(f5d+ aga9/ ?is ,ord] %all1 9           
pursuance ( ! said ,act1 = e su* (f5ce  
=feit       any sum n exce$+ tw5ty p\nds

 :i* ! ,ju/ices       be=e :om he or %e 
%all be convict$ ( su* (f5ce may        
?9k fit to impose4                      
7,sign$7             ,,ar?ur ,,helps4   
,,footnotes3  ,r ,s9ce ^! l9es 7 put    
into ! pr9t]'s h&s1 ! ,fr5* ,gov]nm5t h 
propos$ to o!r nations to take measures 
collectively to prev5t ! pilgrimage to  
,mecca cont9u+ to be a cause ( ! spread 
( *ol]a4 ,we ha/5 to r5d] ju/ice to ?is 
prud5t initiative4 ,b :y n take ! same  
measures aga9/ typhus :i* are judg$     
necess>y aga9/ *ol]a8  ,s ,! typhus :i* 
broke out fifte5 days ago ne> ,r\baix1 9
 ,france1 bord]+ ^u ,belgium1 :]e !     
epizootia rages1 appe>s to h be5 /ifl$ 9
 its focus by ! in/antane\s ext]m9ation 
( ! :ole h]d 9 :i* x decl>$ itself4  ,t 
,x is amus+ to read au?ors ( ! la/      
c5tury on ! treatm5t ( ?is disease4 ,!y 
7 f> m confid5t 9 _! p[]s ?an we        
helpless creatures pret5d to be4 ,!     
directions giv5 are full & di/9ct1 & 9  
*apt]s boldly head$ ',! ,cure4' ,! bea/ 
is to be bl$1 wa%$1 & hot v9eg> & wat]1 

) aromatic h]bs1 may be plac$ 9 ! /able 
to revive ! cattle4 ,! animal mu/ be    
rubb$ a qu>t] ( an h\r1 bo? morn+ &     
ev5+1 & ! bags ( a mil* c[ %\ld be      
ano9t$ morn+ & ev5+ ) w>m oil4 ,a r[el  
is to be made 9 ! dewlap by tak+ a ske9 
( hemp1 t[1 or twi/$ pack?read1 a foot  
long1 & z ?ick z a man's ?umb4 ,!       
prescriptions are mo/ amus+4 ,!y may    
s]ve to ent]ta9 ^? :o want ! cure at    
pres5t1 & = ?is reason ,i reproduce "o  
or two4--,gamgee1 ,lett] on #ba/ ,augu/4
  ,u ,dr4 ,le!by report$ t #ab1iaf lbs41
 or m ?an five tons ( meat1 _h be5      
condemn$ 9 ! ,city m>kets dur+ ! pa/    
week z unfit = human food4 ,x consi/$ ( 
#fd %eep1 #d calves1 #g pigs1 #adb      
qu>t]s ( beef1 & #cfa jo9ts & pieces (  
meat2 #ecgg lbs4 7 diseas$ or f animals 
t _h di$ ( disease1 & ! re/ 0 putrid4   
,all ( x 0 de/roy$4 ,ye/]day1 a         
sub-committee ( ! ,metropolitan ,plague 
,committee1 at a meet+ at ! ,mansion    
,h\se1 pass$ an unanim\s resolution1 on 
! motion ( ,mr4 ,brew/]1 recomm5d+ t1 z 

unexpect$ & insup]able difficulties _h  
aris5 9 c>ry+ out ! purposes = :i* !y 7 
appo9t$1 ! money already subscrib$ %\ld 
be return$ to ! subscrib]s1 aft] d$uct+1
 pro rat1 ! exp5ses already incurr$4  ,v
 ,= ! dis9fection ( railway trucks &    
cattle %ips1 see ,special ,memor&um4    
,,?ird ,,"p4  ,to ,f>m]s & ,grazi]s4    
,y w\ld h _h j cause to reproa* me ) a  
want ( common s5se if ,i _h oblig$ y to 
read a book ( two hundr$ pages1 & to    
lose y\r "t 9 look+ = ! advice y w      
require1 if ! cattle plague %\ld visit  
y\r /alls & h]ds1 in/ead ( be+ able to  
turn at once to ! matt] :i* conc]ns y4  
,i h tak5 up my p5 on purpose to be (   
s]vice to y2 ?is is my pr9cipal duty1   
:i* ,i am n[ go+ to fulfil by summ+ up 9
 a few pages ! mo/ important facts :i* h
 be5 describ$ 9 ! two fir/ p>ts ( ?is   
"w4  ,! cattle plague1 :i* has lately   
fall5 ^u horn$ bea/s1 is a plague1 no   
d\bt3 b !re are diff]5t species (       
plagues1 & x is necess>y t y %\ld "k t  
?is disease is "o aris+ f ! absorption (

 se$s & g]ms ) :i* ! air is impregnat$1 
& :i* is drawn by ! animals into _!     
bodies :5 brea?+ ! air ar\nd !m4 ,:5 ^! 
g]ms1 ^! infecti\s poisons1 h p5etrat$  
into ! lungs & blood ( ! animals1 ^!    
se$s ( infection rema9 !re f eight to   
twelve days )\t produc+ any v p]ceptible
 effects2 b aft] t "t ! ta9t$ animal    
becomes deject$1 loses 8 appetite1 is   
seiz$ ) fev]1 labori\s brea?+1 &        
di>rhoea1 to :i* sum ( disord]s 9 !     
heal? ( ox51 c[s1 c41 ! "n ( typhus has 
be5 giv52 or1 z ?is di/emp] is contagi\s
 9 ! highe/ degree1 x has also be5 call$
 ! contagi\s typhus4  ,y may comp>e ?is 
disease1 9 ord] to =m a m precise idea (
 x1 to ! small-pox1 :i* sometimes       
afflicts y\r *ildr51 or to typhoid fev]4
 ,^! compla9ts1 :i* are famili> to mo/ (
 y1 h "s resemblance to ! typhus ( ! ox4
 ,only 9 ! small-pox1 :i* is caught by  
contagion1 & :i* seldom attacks m ?an   
once1 l typhus1 ! disease is localiz$ on
 ! sk92 :il/ 9 ! cattle plague ! int]nal
 organs are ! pr9cipal seat ( ! evil4   

,?is comp>ison w %[ y at once t ! cattle
 plague1 or r ! cattle typhus1 c only be
 cur$ :5 ! disease has run its full     
c\rse1 z y h obs]v$ 9 a p]son ta9t$ )   
small-pox2 s t y\r task mu/ be to help !
 sick animal to endure 8 compla9t until 
! end1 or until he is cur$2 & y mu/ n   
attempt to *eck x by viol5t means1 = if 
y did y w\ld ha/5 ! dea? :i* y desire to
 prev5t4 ,y w likewise und]/& t if !    
disease--z is c]ta9ly ! case--does n    
attack ! same animal twice1 x w\ld be v 
b5eficial to inoculate ! animal :il/ he 
is s\nd & heal?y1 :5ev] ?is sc\rge      
?reat5s--z 9 ! pres5t "t--to attack all 
cattle4 ,p]haps y may be told t         
inoculation1 :i* prev5ts small-pox 9    
man1 _c be applicable to cattle2 t      
animals inoculat$ ) ! virus ( ! typhus h
 all di$ ( ! consequ5ces ( ! op]ation1 &
 s on4 ,to all ^! objections y w answ]1 
) t d[nright good s5se :i* belongs to   
y\r class1 t ,nature _c h two weights & 
two measures2 & t if ! inoculation ( !  
typhus kills animals1 :il/ ! inoculation

 ( ! small-pox saves m51 bo? maladies   
be+ gov]n$ by ! same laws1 x is !       
inexp]i5ce ( physicians1 & n ! op]ation 
itself1 :i* mu/ be made to acc\nt = x4  
,9 a ^w1 to s[ virus is to reap x2 b !re
 are _m ways ( s[+ x1 & "o man w reap a 
ri* h>ve/1 :il/ ano!r %all ga!r no?+ b  
t>es4 ,let ^? unbeliev]s say :at !y l1 &
 take my ^w = x1 t we %all "o day cure  
typhus z frequ5tly z we d small-pox1 by 
inoculat+ x1 & :5 x appe>s 9 spite ( t  
c\rse1 by treat+ x m$ic9ally4  ,?is     
contagi\s disease is v frequ5t 9 c]ta9  
c\ntries1 pr9cipally 9 ,russia &        
,hung>y1 on ! banks ( ! great riv]s :i* 
empty !mselves into ! ,black ,sea4 ,9 ^?
 remote c\ntries1 :5 ! seasons are ei!r 
too ra9y or too hot--& y "k :at a summ] 
t ( #ahfe has be5--! pa/ures g5]ate !   
pe/il5tial poisons ( ! typhus1 ! cattle 
absorb ^! de/ructive pr9ciples1 & die ( 
!m4  ,b z ! h]ds ( cattle 9 ^? c\ntries 
are br$ = sale1 & are s5t = t purpose to
 o!r c\ntries1 to ,france1 ,italy1      
,engl&1 c41 ! animals :i* h _h ! g]m ( !

 disease transport x ) !m :]ev] !y g4   
,?us1 x is c]ta9 t "s ox5 convey$ f     
,russia & ,hung>y1 :]e ! typhus         
frequ5tly rages1 br\ght ! disease ) !m  
into ,great ,brita9 9 ! mon? ( la/      
,june2 & z ! compla9t is communicat$ f  
"o animal to ano!r1 & aft]w>ds at great 
di/ances1 x spread ) great rapidity ov] 
,engl& & ,scotl&4 ,s great are its p[]s 
( contagion1 t "s ( ! cattle s5t back f 
,engl& h transmitt$ ! disease to ,holl&1
 9 ! fir/ place1 & aft]w>ds to ,belgium2
 & x 0 fe>$ at "o "t t all ,europe w\ld 
be invad$ by x4  ,! fir/ belief 0--&    
ev]y?+ t5ds to make good ! op9ion--t !  
typhus orig9ally came f abroad2 b _m    
respectable au?orities1 see+ ! f\l &    
nause\s /ate ( ! /alls & c[%$s bo? 9    
,london & else:]e1 ! ov]cr[d+ ( !       
animals1 & ! g5]al neglect to :i* !y are
 expos$1 h ass]t$ t ! disease _h its    
orig9 9 ,london4 ,?is1 we repeat1 is n  
likely to h be5 ! case1 b x is n        
absolutely impossible2 at all ev5ts1 !re
 c be no "q t ! griev\s conditions 9 :i*

 "s ( y\r bre?r5 keep _! cattle h       
contribut$ to spread ! di/emp]1         
indep5d5tly ( o!r causes4  ,moreov]1 x  
is necess>y to tell y1 t %eep & horn$   
cattle are ( all liv+ animals ^? :i* are
 mo/ s5sitive to ! influ5ce ( contagi\s 
diseases4 ,e ye> y see in/ances ( ?is   
fact 9 y\r own fields & mead[s4 ,y\r    
%eep1 y all "k1 easily contract !       
small-pox1 worm diseases bo? on ! sk9 & 
9 ! int]ior ( ! body2 y\r ox5 h aph?\s  
diseases1 disord]s ( ! blood & ! lungs1 
scabs & c>buncles--diseases :i* are all 
m or less contagi\s1 & :i* are g5]ally  
br\ght on by want ( c>e1 &1 above all1  
by improp] fe$+3 by :i* y see h[ mu* ( !
 suff]+s ( ! cattle1 & ( ! heavy losses 
to y :i* foll[ !m1 dep5ds ^u y\rselves &
 may be avoid$4 ,besides1 ^! poor       
creatures1 :i* "s ( y treat s h>%ly1 are
 extremely susceptible1 & ! bl[s !y     
receive may easily affect _! :ole mass (
 blood4 ,y mu/1 !re=e1 = y\r own sakes1 
treat !m m k9dly & g5tly4  ,!re=e1 !    
typhus :i* 0 import$ f ,russia into     

,engl&1 f9d+ y\r cattle 9 su* wret*$    
conditions ( cleanl9ess & heal?1 0      
propagat$ among/ !m ) fe>ful rapidity4  
,:5 once ! disease _h develop$ itself )9
 y\r %$s & /alls1 x w\ld h be5 ! wise/  
plan imm$iately to kill ! sick cattle1  
or to treat !m m$ic9ally1 c>efully      
ab/a9+ f driv+ to m>ket any ( y\r bea/s 
:i* _h be5 expos$ to ! contagion4 ,b    
un=tunately y did n act 9 ?is mann]2 _m 
among/ y c\ld n put up pati5tly ) y\r   
losses1 & only consult+ y\r private     
int]e/1 to ! detrim5t ( ! g5]al good1 y 
sold y\r sick c[s & ox51 & s[+ !        
contagion ab\t ! c\ntry & ?r\gh !       
m>kets1 ! sc\rge 0 soon scatt]$ 9 e     
direction1 s t in/ead ( /ifl+ ! disease 
at its bir? ev]y?+ 0 done to propagate &
 diffuse x4  ,n[1 if we add1 t ! g]ms ( 
?is typhus p5etrate ev]y:]e1 t x is     
suffici5t to convey sick cattle along ! 
public roads1 & by ?is means to pass ne>
 f>ms & mead[s conta9+ heal?y cattle1 to
 transmit ! contagion1 t ^! noxi\s g]ms 
impregnate y\r own clo!s1 ! fleece (    

%eep1 & e article1 implem5t1 & vehicle  
us$ 9 agriculture1 y _c b see h[ (t51   
?\gh unwill+ly1 y mu/ h dissem9at$ !    
evil f> & wide4  ,! g]ms1 ! miasmata ( !
 disease1 ins9uate !mselves n only ^u   
animals & m51 b !y %$ _! virus ^u !     
grass ( ! fields1 ! walls ( ! /alls &   
/ables1 & e agricultural ut5sil4 ,e     
ta9t$ animal scatt]s ! pe/il5tial &     
contagi\s g]ms1 n only by ! air he      
expires1 b by 8 dropp+s1 & aft] dea? by 
8 mortal rema9s--8 hide1 8 horns1 8     
entrails1 8 fle%--all ( :i* dissem9ate !
 deadly g]ms into ! atmosph]e1 :i*      
aft]w>ds diffuses !m 9 e direction4  ,! 
g]ms ( ?is virul5t di/emp] h no d\bt    
smitt5 "s cattle :i* appe>$ 9 ! be/     
heal? & conditions1 ^? ( ! ri* z well z 
^? ( ! poor2 b1 j 9 ! same mann] z !    
*ol]a *iefly fixes itself ^u ! sickly1 !
 ill-f$1 ! unclean1 ^u ^? :o live 9     
cr[d$ dwell+s & badly v5tilat$ rooms2 s1
 too1 does ! typhus *oose its victims   
among ! /alls & /ables ( ^? grazi]s :o  
keep _! c[s ti$ up = ye>s to ! rack1    

giv+ !m nei!r air nor ex]cise1 & fe$+   
!m1 n on t diet :i* _! heal? requires1 b
 on ^? ?+s :i* add to _! milk & increase
 _! fle%4 ,x foll[s1 ( c\rse1 t ! great]
 numb] ( ^! c[s1 m or less disord]$ by  
?is long c\rse ( baleful treatm5t1 & _m 
( :i* die ( consumption1 aft] _!        
det]iorat$ milk has infus$ into m5 !    
se$s ( diseases1 mu/ af=d an easy prey  
to ! typhus1 to receive :i* !y seem     
almo/ expressly to h be5 tra9$4  ,x is  
highly important !n1 f>m]s & grazi]s1 t 
y %\ld be able to recognise ?is         
ox-typhus2 9 ! fir/ place1 t y may take 
! necess>y measures to prev5t its       
contagion2 & secondly1 t y may apply !  
treatm5t :i* %all h be5 recomm5d$ to y4 
,y mu/ at all times1 b above all :5 !   
contagi\s disease is rag+1 keep a       
wat*ful eye on y\r cattle4 ,if y notice 
9 _! gait1 9 _! looks1 ab\t _! e>s1 any 
unusual signs2 if !y seem to y less     
eag]1 less active1 less vigilant1 if !y 
leave any "p ( _! rations :5 9 ! /ables1
 or if1 :5 9 ! fields1 !y no long] br[se

 ) t cont9ual alacrity :i* sometimes x  
is difficult to div]t !m f1 be ^u y\r   
gu>d1 & dread ! outbreak ( ! compla9t4  
,if to ^! *anges ( m9or importance is   
add$ an appetite really less acute1 if !
 rum9ation is less regul>1 if ! animal  
looks sad & dispirit$1 if he exhibits an
 unwont$ look ( gloom1 if 8 lead5 eye   
cont9ues fix$1 a/oni%$1 be sure a morbid
 *ange is inw>dly at "w1 & t ?is cruel  
di/emp] is spread+ ?r\gh 8 frame4       
,by-&-bye ! animal loses 8 appetite m & 
m2 rum9ation is %ort] & less frequ5t2 he
 holds 8 head d[n1 8 e>s s9k & fall2 he 
gr9ds 8 tee?4 ,!n z to ! c[s3 _! milk1  
:i* 0 already dim9i%$1 sudd5ly dries up 
altoge!r1 & t l[ness ( spirits :i* _h   
be5 visible = "s days be=e1 passes into 
/upor4 ,if at ?is "t y t\* _! horns1 _! 
extremities1 _! hide 9 any "p1 y f9d t  
all ^! diff]5t p>ts are sometimes w>m1  
sometimes cold4 ,f ?is day =w>d y w     
witness1 "o by "o1 a succession (       
disord]s 9 ! animal's heal?3 p>tial     
%iv]+s at ! atta*m5t ( ! =e & h9d limbs1

 l\d pant+ brea?+1 ) slight c\gh1 ! ur9e
 scanty & ?ick1 ! dropp+s h>d &         
con/ipat$1 & f9ally1 g5]al excessive    
w>m?4 ,if y press ! back ! pressure w be
 pa9ful1 & all ! signs ( int5se fev] w  
be manife/4  ,already ^! indications h  
divulg$ ! nature ( ! malady y h to deal 
)2 b o!rs m significant succe$ !m :i*   
remove e d\bt4 ,! brea?+ becomes m      
hurri$ & oppress$1 m puffy2 f ! eyes1   
no/rils1 & m\? !re issues a dis*>ge :i*1
 ?9 & irritant at fir/1 soon becomes    
?ick & purul5t1 & ( a fetid smell4      
,di>rhoea takes ! place ( con/ipation2 !
 sexual organs ( ! c[ are r$ & inflam$1 
& furr[$ ) livid /reaks4 ,! cattle gr[  
lean] & lean]1 "s ( !m dy+ at ?is p]iod4
 ,if !y /ill hold out1 ! di>rhoea       
becomes m frequ5t1 m fetid1 & sometimes 
bloody2 gases are develop$ "u ! sk91    
along ! sp9e1 :]e !y =m wide flat       
tum\rs1 :i* crackle :5 press$ ^u ) !    
f+]s4 ,f9ally1 ! mucus :i* runs f ! head
 becomes /ill ?ick] & m fetid2 a glut9\s
 foam /ops up ! m\?2 ! eyes1 fill$ )    

hum\r1 s9k 9 ! orbit2 ! bodily w>m?     
decreases1 ! animal sways 8 head f "r to
 left1 becomes ins5sible1 cold2 8 head  
lolls on "o side1 & he dies1 pant+1 f   
exhau/ion & asphyxia1 ! t5? or twelf?   
day aft] ! disease has be5 confirm$4  ,!
 c>cass exhibits a repulsive appe>ance2 
! hide is dry1 excoriat$1 & crack$2 x   
/icks to ! bones1 :i* %[ ! =m ( a       
skeleton1 & ! putrid decomposition1 :i* 
_h already set 9 be=e dea?1 seizes      
rapidly on all ! tissues4  ,! c\rse ( ! 
disease is n always ! same4 ,sometimes !
 animal is agitat$ at fir/1 & all !     
functions ( life are s di/urb$ t dea?   
comes on 9 ! two or ?ree fir/ days4 ,at 
o!r times1 ! lungs are m affect$ ?an !  
o!r int]nal organs2 ! c\gh is m int5se1 
! brea? hurri$ & ob/ruct$1 ! excess (   
mucus prev5t+ ! air f pass+ into ! *e/4 
,:5 once y h se5 ?is disease x is       
impossible to mi/ake x = any o!r1 unless
 x be ! *e/ compla9t call$ p]ipneumonia1
 :i* is likewise contagi\s4 ,b 9 ?is    
disease1 z ! ,report ( ! ,royal         

,agricultural ,society /ates1 ! attack  
is g5]ally insidi\s2 ! eyes pres]ve _!  
vivacity1 & ! appetite is n lo/ until   
t[>ds ! close4 ,a %ort1 dry c\gh %[s    
itself f ! outbreak1 & p]si/s4 ,! brea?+
 is frequ5t & pa9ful2 ! sides ( ! *e/ :5
 /ruck ) ! f+]s give out ! h>d1 solid   
s\nd ( a full b>rel1 ?is p]cussion be+  
pa9ful4 ,! eyes1 nose1 & m\? d n dis*>ge
 ^? purul5t secretions se5 9 typhus2 !  
di>rhoea only comes on at ! end1 be+    
less frequ5t & fetid4 ,9 ! mil* c[s !   
milk decreases1 b is n q suppress$4 ,!  
heat ( ! horns & l[] extremities is     
reta9$4 ,! p]ipneumonia1 9 a ^w1 runs   
its c\rse m regul>ly1 & c>ries (f !     
animal ab\t ! f\r? week4 ,?us x w be se5
 t ! two di/emp]s widely diff] 9 _!     
symptoms4  ,e bea/ :i* dies ( !         
contagi\s typhus1 be>s on its dige/ive  
organs ! traces ( ! malady1 m or less   
/rongly m>k$4 ,! ?ird & f\r? /oma*s & ! 
inte/9es exhibit r$ or livid pat*es1 &  
at o!r times ulc]ations4  ,! cattle     
plague is by f> ! mo/ =midable malady   

:i* c affect animals4 ,:5 left to       
itself1 or treat$ )\t disc]nm5t1 x      
c>ries (f n9ety cattle out ( a hundr$4  
,9 prior visitations1 especially t (    
#agej1 :5 six millions ( horn$ bea/s 7  
swept (f 9 ,europe1 ,engl& lo/ f ?ree to
 f\r hundr$ ?\s&2 & we may suppose t !  
numb] ( cattle :i* h p]i%$ s9ce la/     
,june exce$s sixty ?\s&4  ,! treatm5t is
 v difficult1 ow+ to ! contagi\s "* ( ! 
disease1 & x has giv5 rise to mu*       
discussion4 ,9 "s c\ntries1 ! gov]nm5ts1
 consid]+ ! di/emp] incurable1 only seek
 to /amp x out :]ev] x may appe>4 ,!y   
slaught] all ! sick cattle1 & ev5 ^? :i*
 _h come ne> !m1 all[+ a comp5sation (  
half ! value ( ! bea/4 ,?is measure has 
n always prov$ successful1 ! disease    
hav+ 9 spite ( x sometimes ext5d$ ov] ! 
:ole ( ! c\ntry ?us def5d$ f its        
diffusion4  ,engl& protect$ by ! sea1 & 
:i* has be5 sp>$ = a c5tury1 0 tak5     
some:at unaw>es1 s t "s unc]ta9ty has   
be5 witness$ 9 ! measures employ$ to    
arre/ its c\rse4 ,9 "s di/ricts1 !      

p>ties int]e/$ h _h ! good s5se to =m   
assurance funds2 & x is mu* to be       
regrett$ t ! same plan has n be5 adopt$ 
= ! metropolis4  ,b we _c help :at has  
be5 done2 let u1 !re=e1 be reconcil$ ) !
 pa/1 & see :at is be/ to be done 9     
future = ! int]e/s ( all4 ,:at is !     
pres5t /ate ( ! matt]8 ,a c]ta9 numb] ( 
di/ricts1 bo? 9 ,engl& & ,scotl&1 are   
/ill exempt f ! typhus2 9 o!rs ! disease
 is g5]ally ext5d+ its ravages4  ,^?    
di/ricts :i* hi!rto h be5 sp>$1 %\ld    
in/itute assurance funds1 & take e      
precaution to secure !mselves aga9/ ?is 
sc\rge4 ,9 ,france1 9 ,belgium1 ev5 9   
,great ,brita91 "s places manag$1 9     
#agej1 to successfully protect !mselves 
by prohibit+ ! importation ( any =eign  
cattle or animal4 ,^! prev5tive measures
 may n[ be tak5 ) "s *ance ( success 9  
c]ta9 p>ts4 ,irel&1 :i*1 ?anks to !     
publi%$ ,ord]s 9 ,c\ncil1 seems to h    
escap$ up to ?is "t f ! contagion1 %[s u
 ! effectual results ( ^! sanit>y       
measures4  ,z = ! di/ricts already      

infect$1 x is ( ! highe/ importance to  
s5d no m ta9t$ bea/s to ! diff]5t fairs 
& m>kets1 o!rwise ! di/emp] w spread    
indef9itely3 ! unsold cattle1 ! %eep1 ! 
pigs1 :i* are plac$ only a few y>ds     
ap>t1 mu/ necess>ily convey ! contagion 
ev]y:]e4 ,x w\ld ev5 be necess>y at ?is 
"t n to collect ox5 & o!r animals toge!r
 9 ! same m>kets2 we urg5tly invite !   
att5tion ( all public au?orities to ?is 
mo/ important "q4  ,at all ev5ts1 !     
f>m]s & grazi]s :o1 aft] all ! cautions 
!y h receiv$1 all ! ord]s :i* h be5     
publi%$1 & all ! dang]s :i* h be5 cle>ly
 expos$ to !m1 %\ld /ill p]si/ 9 driv+  
_! cattle out ( _! abodes1 w\ld des]ve  
c5sure1 & ought to be heavily f9$4 ,!   
be/ !y c d1 s9ce ! contagion has n be5  
prev5t$1 is to submit _! cattle to !    
treatm5t :i* we are n[ go+ to expla9 to 
!m 9 detail4  ,x has be5 abundantly     
prov$ by ! _m convictions at ! v>i\s    
police c\rts1 t ! fle% ( cattle s]i\sly 
diseas$ has be5 sold to ! consum]s1 to !
 great injury ( ! public heal?2 & if !  

*ol]a1 :i* is /eadily & surely advanc+  
t[>ds u1 %\ld mix its fatal g]ms ) ^? ( 
! ox-typhus1 we mu/ all expect          
deplorable consequ5ces1 9 case ! fle% ( 
ta9t$ ox5 %\ld cont9ue to be sold by !  
but*]s1 z dur+ ! la/ ?ree mon?s x has   
be54  ,e f>m] or grazi] :o %all h fully 
asc]ta9$ t ! ox typhus has ins9uat$     
itself into 8 f>m or 8 /ables1 mu/      
in/antly h rec\rse to ! necess>y        
measures & safegu>ds by means ( :i* he  
may limit its p]nici\s influ5ce1 &      
prev5t ! spread ( ! contagion to 8 o!r  
cattle /ill s\nd & heal?y4 ,let him     
imm$iately divide 8 /ock ( animals into 
?ree classes or lots--! fir/ class mu/  
consi/ ( heal?y cattle1 hav+ _h no      
direct contact ) ! infect$ bea/s2 !     
second class mu/ conta9 ^? cattle :i*1  
?\gh n yet sick1 may become s1 because  
!y h be5 9 contact ) ^? ta9t$2 ! ?ird   
class w be compos$ ( cattle smitt5 ) !  
typhus4  ,! s\nd & heal?y cattle =m+ !  
fir/ class mu/ be remov$ f ! f>m1 &     
driv5 to ! field sep>ately1 by "s o!r   

road1 9 diff]5t pa/ures1 & only aft] !  
disp]sion ( ! morn+ mi/s4 ,^? :i* are   
accu/om$ to cont9ue at ! rack mu/ be    
tak5 out twice a day1 = ! tw(old object 
( tak+ :olesome ex]cise1 & all[+ _!     
/alls & %$s to be clean$4  ,_! fe$+ mu/ 
be att5d$ to & wat*$ ) v p>ticul> c>e2 !
 rations ( ^? :i* 7 be+ fatt5$ up mu/ be
 decreas$1 & !y ought to be sold to !   
but*] = consumption z soon z possible4  
,let ! foll[+ provisions be add$ to _!  
daily su/5ance3    ,p\nd$ oats          
#d p\nds4   ,p\nd$ junip] b]ries      #a
 p\nd4   ,p[d]$ g5tian             #a   
ounce4   ,sulphate ( iron             #b
 dra*ms4   ,c>bonate ( soda             
#b     ,! h]dsman :o t5ds ! cattle :il/ 
fe$+ 9 ! fields mu/ h !m clean$ e day3  
he w c>efully wa% & scrub !m2 he w n    
all[ !m to dr9k out ( ! ponds1 or at any
 /agnant & muddy wat]c\rse4  ,^? belong+
 to ! second class mu/ receive ! same   
/r5g!n+ & tonic ration 9 ! morn+2 &1    
twice e day1 "o ( ! foll[+              
anti-contagi\s prep>ations3 ei!r a      

solution ( *lorate ( pota% or (         
p]manganate ( pota%2 two dra*ms ( ei!r (
 ^! salts dissolv$ 9 eight ounces ( w>m 
wat]1 mix$ aft]w>ds ) a gallon ( an     
infusion ( sage or hyssop1 j at ! "t :5 
! dr9k is giv5 to !m4  ,or y may employ1
 = ! same purpose1 a solution ( ars5iate
 ( soda--two gra9s dissolv$ 9 f\r ounces
 ( wat]1 & mix$ ) _! dr9k 9 ! same way4 
,y ne$ h>dly be told t ^! doses mu/ be  
r$uc$ "o half1 :5 y h to treat a calf or
 a heif]1 & t ! same dim9ution w hold   
good1 9 _! cases1 = all o!r m$icam5ts4  
,! use ( ^! anti-contagi\s dr9ks is ( ! 
highe/ importance2 ,i recomm5d y e>ne/ly
 to /udy _! effects1 & to cont9ue !m ev5
 aft] ! di/emp] %all h brok5 out4  ,^!  
dr9ks hav+ no disagreeable ta/e1 !      
cattle take to !m 9 g5]al2 %\ld !       
contr>y be ! case1 give !m 9 a bottle z 
all m5 :o are cattle own]s "k h[ to d4  
,if ! heal? ( any ( ^! animals among :i*
 ! outbreak ( ! typhus is appreh5d$ %\ld
 seem bel[ ! /&>d1 y mu/ apply a        
purgative to ^? ^: b[els d n op]ate     

well1 & ev5 h rec\rse to ble$+ 9        
exceptional cases4  ,dur+ ! abs5ce ( ^? 
cattle :i* are und]go+ ! prev5tive      
treatm5t1 let ! hygi5ic conditions ( _! 
/alls & %$s be look$ to2 = no           
circum/ance mu/ be ov]look$ or neglect$ 
if we hope to )/& ! propagation ( s     
=midable a malady4 ,be c>eful to take   
out ! litt] e day1 to wa% ! floor &     
cleanse x ( ! dropp+s1 to v5tilate !    
place ?or\ghly1 to fumigate x ) burnt   
sulphur or aromatic plants1 su* z junip]
 b]ries1 sage1 rosem>y1 salt$ ) nitrate 
( pota% & ars5ic acid2 9 ord] to promote
 ! combu/ion & give effect to its       
dis9fecti\s prop]ties4 ,at night1       
camphor or t>1 or naph?al9e1 or         
creosote1 or ev5 iod9e1 may be left 9 ! 
/able to diffuse _! vap\rs2 all ^!      
measures are v effectual 9 modify+ !    
air4  ,let u n[ see :at mu/ be done )   
respect to ! sick animals !mselves4  ,! 
typhus1 z we h said1 :5 once x is       
develop$ 9 an ox or c[1 usually pursues 
its fatal c\rse until ! la/ p]iod ( its 

cure2 g5]ally dea? alone c arre/ its    
m>*4 ,besides1 ! disord]s :i* ?is       
disease produces 9 ! v>i\s functions ( !
 body are n ! same at ! diff]5t /ages ( 
its duration4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 ! fev]   
produces great excitem5t 9 ! beg9n+1 b  
lat] x produces exhau/ion4 ,)\t be+ a   
physician1 a man c und]/& t ! treatm5t  
to be appli$ to ^! diff]5t /ates ought n
 to be ! same4 ,we mu/1 moreov]1 obs]ve 
t ! typhus is ( all kn[n di/emp]s ! mo/ 
difficult to treat4 ,x requires 9 !     
doctor a degree ( skill1 ( practical    
exp]i5ce1 vigilance1 decision1 & sur5ess
 ( h& :i* no man c be expect$ to possess
 at ! fir/ outbreak ( ! epizootia4  ,on 
! o!r h&1 ! con/itution ( ! ox1 s easily
 %ak51 und]goes 9 two weeks all !       
commotion :i* a man lab\r+ "u typhoid   
fev] w\ld be subject to 9 a mon?4 ,!    
ph5om5a succe$ ea* o!r ) t]rific        
swiftness1 leav+ sc>cely "t = u to act1 
or = ! m$ic9es to op]ate4 ,d n1 !re=e1  
m>vel at ! great mortality among y\r    
cattle1 & at my repeat$ recomm5dations (

 ! prev5tive treatm5t by means (        
inoculation4  ,at ! outbreak1 y mu/     
r$uce ! viol5ce ( ! fev]1 prev5t !      
d]angem5ts 9 connexion ) ! n]v\s c5tres1
 assuage ! ?ir/1 empty ! /oma*s &       
inte/9es1 :i* w be ! pr9cipal seat ( !  
compla9t1 & sometimes let blood4  ,b h[ 
are y to obta9 ^! results8 ,by aboli%+ !
 solid fe$+1 :i* is easily done1 s9ce ! 
animal has lo/ 8 appetite4 ,give him to 
dr9k1 ?ree or f\r times a day1 half a   
pailful ( a decoction ( good hay1 add+  
!reto a spr9kl+ ( salt2 or a decoction (
 wall-wort1 ) a dra*m ( nitrate ( pota%2
 or wat] :it5$ ) bran & fl\r1 or :ey1 ) 
a little v9eg>4 ,if ! animal has a      
t5d5cy to cold1 if he c\ghs1 if 8 brea?+
 is oppress$1 give him w>m dr9ks1       
consi/+ ( an infusion ( mall[ leaves &  
borage1 or else a light decoction (     
b>ley & oats1 & cov] ! animal's body    
w>mly ov]4  ,n[1 ) respect to           
purgatives3 give ! animal1 night &      
morn+1 accord+ to ! effect produc$1 #f  
or #h ounces ( ,epsom salts 7sulphate ( 

magnesia71 or an equal dose ( ,glaub]'s 
salt 7sulphate ( soda71 dissolv$ 9 two  
p9ts ( honey-col\r$ wat]2 or #ab ounces 
( l9se$ oil 9 "s w>m dr9k2 or a         
decoction ( s5na leaves & prunes1 ) an  
ounce ( sulphate ( soda add$ !reto4  ,we
 might po9t out a l>g] numb] (          
purgatives1 b we %all desi/ f s do+4 ,^?
 :i* we h j prescrib$1 n be+ irritant to
 ! inte/9es1 are ! be/ :i* c be employ$4
  ,if ! animal is v re/ive1 if he passes
 ?r\gh alt]nate fits ( dejection1 /upor1
 & great excitem5t1 y mu/ h rec\rse to  
ble$+1 p>ticul>ly local ble$+1 by op5+ !
 small ve9s ( ! head4 ,if ! excitem5t   
does n abate y mu/ add1 night & morn+1  
to "o ( 8 dr9ks1 #b gra9s ( extract (   
belladonna1 or a half ounce ( p[d]$     
belladonna leaves4 ,if ! fev]1 at fir/1 
is irregul>1 & t5ds to become malignant1
 y mu/ !n h rec\rse to sulphate ( qu99e1
 #bj gra9s 9 ! morn+1 & ! same quantity 
dur+ ! day4  ,:5 ! disease is pr9cipally
 seat$ 9 ! lungs1 add to "o ( ! pectoral
 dr9ks #d ounces ( oxymel ( squills1 &  

#b gra9s ( opium1 giv+ also an          
emetic--#e gra9s ( t>t>-emetic to #d    
p9ts ( wat]--to be tak5 9 f\r times1 at 
int]vals ( two h\rs4  ,:il/ ?is         
m$ication is appli$ to ! int]nal organs1
 let ! animal h unusual c>e tak5 ( him2 
let 8 head be wa%$ sev]al times a day ) 
v9eg> & wat]4  ,su* is ! c\rse (        
treatm5t to be adopt$ dur+ ! fir/ ?ree  
or f\r days4 ,x mu/ be1 ( c\rse1 foll[$ 
me?odically1 wat*+ & obey+ ! signs (    
nature4 ,! purgatives mu/ n be giv5 on  
^? days :5 ! sick animal is bl$1 & !    
doses mu/ v>y ) ! effects !y produce4   
,f ! f\r? to ! sev5? day ! symptoms     
*ange1 di>rhoea %[s itself1 & ! runn+   
appe>s at ! nose1 m\?1 & eyes2 y mu/ !n 
cont9ue ! use ( purgatives1 b ! dose mu/
 be weak]4 ,^? m5tion$ above are        
suitable 9 e way4 ,! dr9ks1 too1 cont9ue
 ! same4 ,sometimes1 at ?is p]iod ( !   
disease1 ! animal is utt]ly ca/ d[n1    
no?+ c draw him f 8 /upor3 he lies d[n !
 :ole day2 9 ?is case y give him acetate
 ( ammonia1 f #a to #f ounces1 9 a p9t (

 wat]1 gradually increas+ f #a to #b    
ounces a day1 accord+ to ! effect       
produc$2 & mean:ile1 pla9 non-acidulat$ 
dr9ks %\ld be adm9i/]$4  ,at ?is /age ( 
! disease x is "r to assi/ ! depurative 
"w ( nature4 ,?is is effect$ by ins]t+ a
 seton 9 ! neck1 & ! secretion ( ?is    
issue is kept up by means ( su* an      
o9tm5t z ! basilicon ) p[d]$ can?>ides4 
,f9ally1 ! m\?1 nose1 & eyes mu/ be wa%$
 v (t5 ) an infusion ( camomile & sage4 
,at ! la/ p]iod ( ! di/emp]1 ! bea/ s9ks
 into a /ate ( g5]al exhau/ion2 8 life  
seems all b ext+ui%$ ?r\gh excess (     
weakness4 ,y mu/ n[ su/a9 & keep him up 
by e possible contrivance2 give him     
bitt] & /imulat+ dr9ks1 be] dilut$ )    
wat]1 add+ !reto "s p[d] ( ,p]uvian b>k1
 or sulphate ( qu99e4 ,?is is prep>$ by 
/eep+ 9 #h p9ts ( boil+ wat]1 ,p]uvian  
b>k1 g5tian root1 c5taury leaves &      
fl[]s1 & hops1 #a ounce ( ea*2 or else  
prep>e a dr9k consi/+ ( vet]9>y treacle1
 extract ( junip]1 #a ounce ( ea*1      
dissolv$ 9 #b ounces ( alcohol1 & !n    

mix$ ) #c p9ts ( wat]4  ,:5 ! di>rhoea  
becomes fetid & bloody1 give1 night &   
morn+1 a cly/] compos$ ( a decoction (  
,p]uvian b>k1 & a teaspoonful ( p[d]$   
*>coal f ! popl>1 well sift$4 ,if !     
runn+ f ! no/rils beg9s to /op1 y mu/   
inject into ! nasal orifices "s         
spoonfuls ( a /]nutatory solution1 ?us  
compos$--    ,spani% pepp]              
#a ounce4   ,ess5ce ( turp5t9e          
#a      ,camphor                        
#b dra*ms4   ,v9eg>                     
#b p9ts4  ,%\ld any sores =m on ! sk91  
or %\ld !y arise f ! op5+ ( purul5t     
deposits1 dress !m ) ! foll[+ o9tm5t--  
,acetate ( copp]              a dra*m4  
,calc9$ alum                 #bj gra9s4 
,sal ammoniac                  #bj      
,camphor                        a dra*m4
   ,common o9tm5t                an     
ounce4  ,if ! natural heat dim9i%es     
greatly1 if ! *ill rea*es ! hams & sk91 
let ! bea/ be rubb$ all ov]1 ?ree times 
a day1 ) wool1 moi/5$ ) ! foll[+        
l9im5t--    ,laurel oil                 

an ounce4   ,gre5 soap                  
,volatile oil ( lav5d]       a dra*m4   
,solution ( ammonia                     
,simultane\sly ) ! above1 give ! foll[+ 
cordial1 to be drunk 9 two draughts--   
,c9namon                       an ounce4
   ,extract ( g5tian            #a      
ounce4   ,r$ w9e                      #b
 p9ts4  ,%\ld ! animal fall into a /ate 
( le?>gy1 y mu/ h rec\rse to /rokes (   
fire1 accord+ to surgical usage4  ,?is  
di/emp] mu/ ext5d to its extreme degree 
( gravity be=e x advances t[>ds its     
cure2 y ne$1 !re=e1 n despair until !   
la/ mom5t4 ,at ?is p]iod ( exhau/ion1 ! 
dr9ks above-m5tion$ are giv5 up1 or y   
add nutritive bev]ages to !m1 su* z     
beef-tea1 fat s\ps1 milk1 & f>9ace\s    
dr9ks4  ,if ! animal holds on1 & 8      
appetite returns1 :i* w be %[n by !     
desquamation ( ! no/rils1 by ! return ( 
rum9ation1 by ! habit ( ! bea/ to look  
"r & left1 to "q y 9 a mann]1 add cut   
/raw to 8 nutritive dr9ks3 s5d him out e
 day into ! op5 air1 & let him return by

 sl[ degrees to 8 habitual fe$+4 ,b x is
 extremely important to wat* ! inte/9al 
functions2 to dim9i% & *ange ! food1 if 
! di>rhoea returns2 z su* relapses (t5  
cause ! dea? ( an animal consid]$ out ( 
dang]4  ,su*1 !n1 f>m]s & grazi]s1 is ! 
treatm5t to be oppos$ to ! ox typhus3 x 
is simple z respects ! rem$ies1 & ,i h  
deem$ t x ought to be s1 9 ord] t !     
m$ic9es prescrib$ might be _h ev]y:]e1 &
 at a co/ :i* ! poor man c\ld comm& z   
well z ! ri*4 ,! disease is v>iable1 x  
is n always equally deadly2 & !re comes 
a mom5t :5 9 "s sort x cures itself1 ) a
 little assi/ance & wat*+4 ,! great po9t
 is1 to be c>eful & vigilant1 to att5d  
to nature & ! in/9cts ( ! suff]+ cattle1
 & l5d y\rselves to bo?4  ,i _c         
reproduce "h ! in/ructions giv5 by !    
,privy ,c\ncil to protect y\r cattle f  
contagion1 & above all n to propagate x1
 b ,i %all ref] y to ,doctor ,?udi*um's 
,memor&um1 page #beg4 ,?is exposition is
 too complete to ne$ any?+ add$ to x by 
me2 /udy x well2 let x be y\r monitor & 

guide2 read x ov] aga9 & aga92 y\r own  
int]e/s & ^? ( ! :ole c\ntry dep5d on ! 
mann] 9 :i* y %all treat ?is admirable  
w>n+4  ,!re are 9 ?is disease1 z 9 e    
o!r1 un=ese5 v>ieties & complications1  
su* z ^? :i* are br\ght on by ! ge/ation
 & abortion ( c[s1 & ^? proce$+ f prior 
disease2 = ^! accid5ts y w provide4     
,moreov]1 su* a t]rible di/emp] c only  
be treat$ accord+ to ! advice ( a       
pr(essional man4 ,call him 91 !n1 foll[ 
8 advice & prescriptions ) rigid        
exactness1 & d n attempt to d bett] ?an 
he2 &1 above all1 arm y\rselves aga9/ ! 
insidi\s pret5sions ( quacks & *>latans1
 :atev] mantle !y may put on to hide _! 
ignorance4     ,,f\r? ,,"p4             
,sugge/ions on ! ,improvem5ts to be     
effect$ 9 ! ,/udy       ( ,m$ical       
,sci5ce1 9 ord] t we may be 9 a         
,condition       to confront ,diseases  
g5]ally1 b ,epizootic & ,epidemic       
,diseases 9 p>ticul>4   ,! epizootia (  
bov9e typhus :i* is n[ ext5d+ its       
unre/rict$ ravages ov] ?is isl&1 & :i*  

has assum$ ! magnitude ( a g5]al        
calamity1 has naturally excit$ & /irr$  
up ! public m9d4 ,?\ghtful & e>ne/ m5   
c\ld n look on & witness unmov$ ! ev]   
progressive m>* ( ! sc\rge2 b ea* obs]v]
 has1 consi/5tly ) 8 means &            
qualifications1 /riv5 to f9d a rem$y to 
resi/ ! evil4 ,?us1 we h se51 & )       
respectful int]e/ we h wat*$1 ! g5tlem5 
( ! press1 & o!r m5 ( lett]s1 economi/s1
 sci5tific m51 &1 above all1 physicians1
 produc+ f day to day 9 ! newspap]s     
articles & lett]s ( rem>kable m]it on ! 
all-engross+ subject ( ?is epizootia4 ,!
 re-op5+ ( ! m$ical colleges furni%$ !  
skilful pr(essors at _! head ) a        
seasonable opportunity to consid] ?is   
dire di/emp]1 accord+ to ! views ( g5]al
 pa?ology & m$ical philosophy1 & ?is !y 
h done ) unque/ionable tal5t & ability4 
,/ill1 some?+ rema9s to be said on ?is  
important matt]1 & s9ce ,i h tak5 up my 
p51 l o!rs1 ,i wi% to m+le my voice ) t 
( my bre?r51 & inquire :e!r ! "t is n   
come to avail ourselves m fully ?an we h

 done yet ( ! gr& discov]ies ( ! exact  
sci5ces1 :i*1 ) respect to ! sci5ce (   
m$ic9e1 are ! in/rum5ts ( its progress4 
,& my object 9 do+ s1 is1 t we may1 z f>
 z possible1 rise to a level ) ! ordeal 
:i* ! future may h 9 /ore = u4  ,m$ic9e 
is at once an art & a sci5ce4 ,an art x 
has be5 at all times1 & 9 e age (       
civiliz$ man2 b x became a sci5ce only  
:5 human k _h acquir$ a c]ta9 expansion2
 :5 natural ph5om5a _h be5 te/$ &       
expla9$2 :5 ma!matics1 physics1 *emi/ry1
 botany1 g5]al anatomy1 g5]al pa?ology1 
_h enabl$ ! inquir+ physician to /udy ) 
important results :atev] belongs to 8   
!me2 to und]/& ! s]ial *a9 & connexion (
 bodies ) ea* o!r1 9 ! m9]al1 vegetable1
 & animal k+doms1 & to inve/igate _!    
immutable laws4 ,uric acid1 z we see ) !
 microscope1 w always cry/allize 9      
rhomboh$rons1 accord+ to a fix$ law2 !  
vegetable cell1 ! g]m9ation ( a se$1 mu/
 obey1 & always submit to1 ! innate &   
inde/ructible =ces inh]5t 9 !m4 ,t :i*  
is true 9 ! vegetable is true 9 ! animal

 _w1 z reg>ds ! pre-e/abli%$ ord] :i*   
regulates & controls ! ph5om5a ( life4  
,^! laws :i* gov]n ! developm5t (       
organic ph5om5a be+ immutable & ev]la/+1
 p]mit ! diff]5t g5]ations :i* succe$   
ea* o!r on our globe to build ^u a      
durable basis1 :i* c]tifies to ! sl[ &  
labori\s1 b irresi/ible m>* ( human     
progress4  ,m$ical sci5ce be+ 9 tru?    
only ! application ( o!r positive       
sci5ces to ! pres]vation ( heal? & !    
cure ( diseases1 cont9ues l !m to p]fect
 itself incessantly2 b all x c d is to  
foll[ !m at a di/ance1 & x c nev] hope  
to rea* _! degree ( sup]iority4  ,^! are
 tru?s :i* h be5 long admitt$ & felt by 
u4 ,!re=e1 we h appeal$ = assi/ance to !
 discov]ies ( ! natural sci5ces3        
physics1 *emi/ry1 h 9 our h&s become    
effectual means ( obs]vation & analysis2
 & we1 9 our age1 ga9 m k 9 fifty ye>s  
?an our =efa!rs did 9 sev]al c5turies1 =
 !y 7 !n necess>ily r arti/s ?an s*ol>s4
 ,9 a ^w1 m$ical sci5ce or biology is   
con/itut+ itself1 & if x be fully       

consci\s ( its impot5ce 9 ! case ( _m   
diseases1 x also kn[s its progressive   
improvem5t4 ,x is /riv+ to a*ieve !     
highe/ place among social in/itutions1 &
 ! day may come :5 x %all obta9 x1 =    
nations w !n owe to u _! heal? & life--t
 is to say1 _! e>?ly happ9ess4  ,! laws 
by :i* organic ph5om5a are regulat$1    
are1 we h said1 ev]la/+2 we may also    
decl>e t !y are g5]al4 ,"o ( ^! laws    
common to ! plant1 to ! %ell1 to e      
species ( v]tebrata1 reappe>s 9 man1 ^: 
organization comprises all ! functions  
divid$ among ! o!r organic k+doms4 ,n   
only does ! organization ( man obey !   
laws :i* gov]n ! vital ph5om5a ( o!r    
animals2 n only does he possess _!      
organs & functions1 b he is a tribut>y  
subject to _! diseases4 ,s t ! k ( !    
laws affect+ ! functions & diseases ( ^?
 creatures :i* are plac$ bel[ him 9 !   
scale ( animals ought to be ! fir/      
f\ndation ( all m$ical /udy4  ,^! tru?s 
are too manife/ to be new2 !y are writt5
 & pr(ess$ ev]y:]e1 & e "o among/ u has 

receiv$ g5]al notions ( comp>ative      
anatomy & physiology at ! beg9n+ ( 8    
c\rse ( /udy4 ,b let u admit t ^!       
notions only s]v$ to exp& ! circle ( our
 k & ideas1 & t we seldom or nev] apply 
!m to ! practice ( our art4 ,x w\ld h   
be5 v diff]5t _h we receiv$ at ! beg9n+ 
( our m$ical novitiate1 n m]ely 9 !ory &
 books1 b practically & exp]im5tally1   
precise notions ( anatomy1 physiology1  
&1 let me add1 ( ! pa?ology ( all       
animals4 ,let u suppose = a mom5t t !   
task _h be5 impos$ ^u u be=e ent]+ ^u ! 
/udy ( human maladies1 to obs]ve !      
/ructure ( plants & animals1 to submit  
_! tissues to microscopical exam9ation &
 *emical analysis2 to /udy exp]im5tally 
all _! functions & diseases1 & ackn[l$ge
 t _h su* be5 ! case1 ! anatomy1        
physiology2 & pa?ology ( man w\ld h be5 
f> bett] und]/ood1 & t mo/ ( !          
difficulties aga9/ :i* we n[ cont5d 9   
va9 9 our helplessness1 might easily h  
be5 ov]come4  ,comp>ative anatomy &     
physiology are ! fir/ conditions ( all  

m$ical in/ruction ( a s]i\s "*2 !re c be
 no d\bt on ! subject1 b ! evid5ce be+ n
 p]haps s palpable ) respect to         
comp>ative pa?ology1 x w n be useless1  
!re=e1 to ent] into full] p>ticul>s z to
 ?is subject4  ,we "k n :e!r any "o has 
ev] s\ght to retrace ! fir/ orig9 ( our 
diseases 9 ! animal k+dom1 b x w\ld     
und\bt$ly be a /udy ( great sci5tific   
int]e/4 ,z = u1 we gladly believe t man1
 creat$ to be ! sov]eign "l ( ! e>?1 did
 n orig9ally receive ! pr9ciple ( e     
organic disease ) :i* we see him        
affect$4 ,x seems to u probable t he 0  
creat$ s\nd 9 body & 9 m9d1 b unequal is
 8 vital p[]s1 & 9 8 faculties & tal5ts1
 ! social functions be+ v>i\s &         
dissimil>1 & subject to physical & moral
 infirmities4 ,we ?9k x likely t plants 
& animals1 f :i*1 9 c\rse ( "t1 man's   
sub/ance is =m$1 h transmitt$ ! fir/    
causes1 ! g]ms ( "s organic diseases )  
:i* !y 7 !mselves affect$4 ,we see 9 ?is
 transmission ( animal diseases to man1 
a connect+ l9k1 :i* appe>s to u to be a 

condition ( h>mony1 ord]1 peace1 &      
happ9ess among all liv+ be+s4 ,x seems  
to u t ! fir/ injunction ( a legislator 
%\ld be--love o!r animals l y\rselves2 =
 if man _h practis$ ?is maxim1 he w\ld h
 logically appli$ ! same to 8           
fell[-creatures2 & no d\bt1 ) su*       
pr9ciples to guide !m1 pa/ g5]ations    
w\ld n h bequea!d to u ! innum]able     
calamities we h _h to deplore4  ,we ?9k 
t we receive f animals "s ( _! diseases1
 because ! fact is palpably evid5t2 ?us 
!y h p>asitical diseases1 su* z favus1  
tnia1 psora1 tri*9osis1 :i* !y transmit 
to u4 ,!y are likewise smitt5 )         
small-pox1 typhoid fev]1 & ) typhus2 &  
"u c]ta9 giv5 conditions !y may transmit
 !m to u4 ,!y die ( consumption & canc]1
 & x is probable t !y transfuse into u  
?r\gh _! milk & fle% ! g]ms ( ^!        
diseases4 ,f9ally1 we h our epidemics z 
!y h _! epizootics2 & "h we w limit our 
in/ances ( ?is reciprocation4  ,x is    
c]ta9 t ! /udy ( ^! maladies 9 animals  
w\ld h be5 = u ! s\rce ( precise k1 :i*1

 if well und]/ood & expla9$1 w\ld h (t5 
l$ to _! prev5tive treatm5t4 ,?is is :at
 has occurr$ 9 ! case ( small-pox2 x is 
:at w "o day occur 9 typhoid fev]1 9    
times ( epidemic1 z w be ! case 9 a     
c]ta9 numb] ( o!r g5]al or local        
diseases4  ,9 tru?1 "s compla9ts n[     
look$ ^u z inh]5t to ! human species1 7 
orig9ally =eign to x2 mo/ p>asitical    
diseases belong to ?is class4 ,?us man  
has n ! psora1 or it*--! disease does n 
prop]ly belong to him2 ! p>asite :i*    
eng5d]s x is n br$ 9 him1 x is always   
transmitt$ to him by animals4 ,x is !   
same ) ! tnia1 or tape-worm1 ) ! tri*9a1
 or f9e hair-worm4  ,m$ical sci5ce1     
in/itut$ on ! bases ( comp>ative        
pa?ology1 w\ld h made ! /udy ( diseases 
9 ! brute creation1 n ! collat]al1 b !  
pr9cipal object ( its inquiries4 ,x w\ld
 h appli$ itself to ! cure ( ! l[]      
animals2 & :il/ le>n+ to cure !m1 x w\ld
 h ensur$ ! cure ( m5's diseases4  ,if  
su* be ! case1 c any "o believe t !     
treatm5t ( dia!tic & h]$it>y maladies   

w\ld be1 z !y /ill are1 insoluble       
problems2 & t ! physician w\ld h ! mis]y
 ( see+ decimat$1 :il/ he helplessly    
looks on1 a l>ge "p ( ! population1     
condemn$ inevitably to die ( consumption
 & canc]8 ,w\ld e man smitt5 )          
hydrophobia be irrevocably condemn$ to  
dea?8 ,assur$ly1 x w\ld n be s4  ,t !   
physician %\ld h be5 r$uc$ to ! pa9ful  
necessity ( confess+ 8 want ( means1 :5 
m$ic9e c\ld be no?+ m ?an an art1 we    
admit2 b n[ t sci5ce has gr[n up & come 
( age1 society has a "r to *all5ge him  
to d1 :at 9 pa/ ages c\ld n h be5       
expect$ ( him4 ,briefly1 we ?9k t ! "t  
is come1 by bl5d+ comp>ative pa?ology ) 
anatomy & physiology1 to con/ruct "o ( !
 bases ( ! tripod on :i* m$ical sci5ce w
 h to re/4 ,! success :i* has already   
be5 a*iev$ 9 ?is direction is a c]ta9   
gu>antee = ^? :i* we may hope = h]eaft]4
  ,su* is our deep conviction1 & p]haps 
we h "s title to speak out decid$ly on  
?is po9t1 z we h long s9ce exemplifi$   
our precepts by actual pro(s4  ,p]suad$ 

= _m ye>s t comp>ative pa?ology af=d$ to
 indu/ri\s m5 a new m9e1 ri* 9 preci\s  
ve9s = work+1 we sev]al times endeav\r$ 
to explore ?is f]tile field4 ,b1        
un=tunately1 our means ( action n be+   
consi/5t ) our sangu9e expectations1 we 
7 repeat$ly compell$ to susp5d our      
pursuits1 until at la/ we f\nd at !     
,ecole ,vtr9aire d',al=t1 ! fav\rable   
opportunity & ! ess5tial conditions (   
:i* we _h s long be5 9 que/4  ,griev$ at
 our helplessness to /ay ! ravages (    
pulmon>y consumption1 ,i =m$ "o day !   
resolution to /udy t wa/eful compla9t 9 
animals 9 ord] to discov]1 or at lea/ to
 look =1 ! requir$ rem$y4 ,) t view1 ,i 
conf9$ 9 a d>k1 cold1 & damp cell> a    
numb] ( animals to practise on3 birds ( 
diff]5t species1 rabbits1 a monkey1 a   
dog1 c4 ,to ^! animals ,i dealt out a   
defici5t quantity ( food4 ,! monkey1 z  
might h be5 expect$1 0 ! fir/ to be     
affect$1 s9ce 9 our climates !y all die 
( consumption4 ,next1 & = ! same reason1
 x 0 ! p>rot's turn2 !n ! *ick5s & ducks

 di$2 aft] !m ! rabbits2--9 f9e1 at !   
end ( f\rte5 mon?s1 ! dog alone surviv$4
 ,all ! re/ _h sunk "u consumption1 &   
exhibit$ tub]cles 9 diff]5t organs--9 ! 
lungs or mes5t]y4  ,x 0 !n necess>y to h
 ! c\nt]-pro(3 to place a second set (  
animals 9 ! same conditions1 to produce 
! disease aga91 & attempt its cure4 ,b !
 fir/ exp]im5t _h be5 a long "o1 & ,i 0 
=c$ to rel9qui% ! inquiry1 :i*1 moreov]1
 0 above my means at t p]iod4  ,on ano!r
 occasion1 x seem$ to me /range t we    
%\ld be oblig$ to op5 ! bladd] ( pati5ts
 suff]+ f ! /one1 or to subject !m to   
li?otrity1 :i* has also its p]ils4      
,nature1 ,i said to myself1 =ms calculi 
by unit+ organic elem5ts1 by cry/alliz+ 
!m1 & by cem5t+ !m ) vesical mucus4 ,b  
w\ld x n be possible to cure ! disease  
by employ+ contr>y means--dissolv+ !    
calculi 9 ! bladd] by means ( cont9u$   
injections1 *ang+ ! *emical ag5ts       
accord+ to ! composition ( ! calculus1 &
 add+ !reto ! action ( a galvanic       
curr5t8  ,aft] ?is1 ,i pursu$ my inquiry

 9 ?is direction4 ,i /udi$ = sev]al     
mon?s ! *emical composition ( calculi by
 exam9+ !m 9 _! dissolv$ /ate2 & ,i saw 
t ^? 9 :i* ! alkal9e bases prevail$1 be+
 submitt$ to a dilut$ solution ( t>t>ic 
acid1 :i* w\ld n injure ! bladd]1       
crumbl$ aft] a "t2 t ! calculi ) excess 
( acid 7 also attack$ by an alkal9e     
solution2 9 f9e1 t ! calculi ( oxalate (
 lime alone seem$ to resi/ ! action ( ^!
 *emical solutions4 ,b x is well kn[n t 
!y sometimes defy all li?otrite         
in/rum5ts1 & compel u to h rec\rse to ! 
knife4  ,^! prelim9>y exp]im5ts ov]1 x 0
 necess>y to come to _! application1 & =
 t purpose to make exp]im5ts on "s      
animals4 ,! can9e species1 omnivor\s l  
ourselves1 0 *os5 9 pref]5ce4 ,bit*es 7 
select$ to be practis$ on2 = z _! ur9>y 
passages are wid] & m flexible1 x enabl$
 me to ins]t 9 ! bladd] fragm5ts (      
calculi already analys$1 :i* 7 to s]ve z
 ! nuclei to ! /ones !y 7 int5d$ to     
develop4  ,?is second assortm5t (       
animals1 p5n$ up ap>t f ea* o!r1 7      

suppli$ ) diff]5t modes ( su/5ance3 "s (
 !m 7 put ^u a diet ( meat only1 o!rs on
 a f>9ace\s diet1 & a ?ird set on a mix$
 c\rse ( food4 ,^! exp]im5ts 7 be+      
regul>ly foll[$ up1 :5 an important &   
un=ese5 ev5t compell$ me to desi/ at !  
end ( six mon?s4 ,! poor animals 7      
de/roy$2 b all ( !m1 z ,i _h anticipat$1
 _h g5]at$ calculi ( v>i\s *emical      
composition4  ,^! unf9i%$ inquiries     
conc]n+ comp>ative pa?ology1 ?us        
int]rupt$ 9 spite ( myself1 might1 _h   
circum/ances all[$ !m to rea* ! goal1 h 
au?oriz$ u to und]take 9 man !          
dissolution ( /one 9 ! bladd]4 ,& h[    
w\ld ?is h be5 effect$8 ,by seiz+ ! /one
 betwe5 ! two ends ( ! ca!t] ) ! d\ble  
curr5t1 & by inject+ a well-su/a9$ s]ies
 ( dissolv5ts into ! pati5t1 :il/ ly+ at
 8 ease 9 a recumb5t po/ure4  ,nor is   
?is all4 ,!y w\ld likewise1 ,i believe1 
h ?r[n "s light on ! organic production 
( calculi1 on ! li?ic dia!sis1 & !      
p>ticul> =mation ( ! /one2 & l$ u1 9 "s 
degree1 to _! prev5tive treatm5t1 :i* is

 always sup]ior to ! curative rem$y4    
,on a subsequ5t occasion1 ,i betook     
myself to my task "u m fav\rable        
conditions4 ,i und]took at ,al=t1       
conjo9tly ) ,pr(essor ,delafond1 a c\rse
 ( exp]im5ts on ! cutane\s diseases (   
animals 9 relation to comp>ative        
pa?ology1 hav+ already1 :il/ walk+ !    
hospitals1 publi%$ a "w on ! ,entomology
 & ,pa?ology ( ,psora 9 ,man1 :i* _h be5
 pr9t$ at ! exp5se ( ! ,academy4  ,^!   
inquiries & exam9ations at ,al=t 7      
p]si/$ 9 = five ye>s1 & 7 consid]$ to h 
l$ to v satisfactory results z reg>ds   
g5]al pa?ology4 ,b ,i h spok5 ( ^!      
lab\rs 9 ! fir/ "p ( my book4  ,p>don   
me1 read]1 & d n suppose t vanity or any
 desire to p>ade myself has induc$ me to
 ref] to ^! exp]im5ts4 ,no2 my only     
object is to %[ to :at results simil>   
/udies might lead1 if !y 7 execut$ on a 
l>ge scale & on ! :ole animal k+dom2 if1
 in/ead ( ^! p>tial ef=ts made "u fav\r1
 "s special & appropriate m$ical        
in/itution enc\rag$ e>ne/ exp]im5tali/s1

 supply+ !m )\t /9t ) all necess>y      
res\rces1 & ) ! be/ & complete/         
in/rum5ts ( obs]vation4  ,w any "o d5y1 
t if m$ical sci5ce _h be5 settl$ on ?is 
f\ndation fifty ye>s ago--t is to say1  
s9ce ! exact sci5ces fir/ began to      
provide u ) ! means ( inve/igation1 x   
w\ld n[ be s impot5t8 ,epizootias &     
epidemics w\ld n ?us fl\t u z !y d2 !   
*ol]a w\ld no long] be an enigma1 nor ! 
ox typhus s incurable4 ,no6 a hundr$    
times no6 ,m$ical sci5ce w\ld n he      
helpless & impot5t 9 our day1 _h our    
=]unn]s be5 m m9dful & provid5t4  ,b1   
in/ead ( ?is1 ! sci5ce = :i* we plead   
w\ld h done good "w4 ,x w\ld h made &   
confirm$ an inf9ite v>iety ( obs]vations
 on ! brute creation2 x w\ld h          
transmitt$ our diseases to !m z !y      
transmit _! diseases to u2 x w\ld h     
treat$ & cur$ ^! diseases1 & e su* cure 
w\ld h be5 a new triumph1 a new victory 
= mank9d4  ,= in/ance1 dur+ an outbreak 
( *ol]a1 ?is sci5ce w\ld h be5 ready &  
prep>$ to try diff]5t exp]im5ts on m5 & 

animals2 x w\ld fir/ h communicat$ !    
*ol]a to animals1 & !n submitt$ !m to a 
v>iety ( exp]im5tal treatm5ts4 ,?is     
*ol]a1 :i* is n an infecti\s fev]1 ) its
 regul> & assign$ p]iods1 l typhus1 &   
:i* we are n oblig$ to suff] to run its 
c\rse1 b :i*1 on ! contr>y1 is a n]v\s  
affection produc$ by "s poison\s miasma1
 ! toxical effects ( :i* fir/ ( all     
assail ! n]v\s sy/em & !n m p>ticul>ly !
 great sympa!tic2 ! cramps be+ b !      
result ( a reflective action--?is *ol]a1
 we say1 mu/ be curable1 & well-advis$  
exp]im5ts w\ld reveal ! rem$y we want = 
x1 nor %\ld we h to wait long = !       
revelation4  ,z = me1 ,i once made a    
desp]ate attempt 9 ?is direction4 ,x 0  
dur+ ! *ol]a ( #ahed4 ,we rem>k$ :il/   
dissect+ subjects1 z is always ! case1 t
 ! muc\s membranes ( ! /oma* & inte/9es1
 :i* 7 9 a mann] p>alyz$1 _h suff]$ !   
fluid p>ts ( ! blood to ooze out on !   
surface4 ,h5ce ! cause ( ^? vomit+s1 &  
^? wat]y & col\rless di>rhoeas :i* no?+ 
c /op1 s t at a giv5 mom5t ! pati5ts    

die1 poison$1 ( c\rse1 b dy+ m          
p>ticul>ly ?r\gh want ( circulation1 !  
blood be+ r$uc$ to its solid p>ts &     
unable to circulate any long]4 ,rely+ on
 ?is fact1 & tru/+ = want ( bett] to !  
second>y effects1 ,i /rove to re/ore to 
! blood its aque\s "p1 &1 if possible1  
to re-e/abli% ! circulation4  ,) ?is    
view1 ,i w5t to ! ,hpital de la ,*>it1  
provid$ ) all ! requisite in/rum5ts4    
,*ol]aic pati5ts 7 be+ br\ght !re e h\r4
 ,! exp]im5ts be+ new1 v5turesome1 &    
dang]\s1 9 ! eyes ( ! hospital          
directors1 ,i 0 only suff]$ to op]ate on
 ! moribund4 ,! fir/ pati5t1 consid]$ to
 be 9 a /ate suffici5tly desp]ate to be 
giv5 up to me1 0 a woman1 =ty-five ye>s 
old4 ,%e 0 lit]ally ins5sible1 &        
?or\ghly cold4 ,i hesitat$ = a mom5t to 
try ! op]ation "u conditions s          
unreasonable1 s prepo/]\s--almo/ ^u a   
corpse4 ,! radial art]ies 9 ! arm _h    
ceas$ to beat1 & ! he>t alone kept up a 
feeble circulation at ! c5tral p>ts4 ,at
 l5g? ,i op5$ ! ve91 f :i* n a s+le drop

 ( blood proce$$1 & tak+ ! usual        
measures to prev5t ! air f hav+ access1 
,i gradually & sl[ly inject$ two ounces 
( alkal9e solution1 ! process (         
injection la/+ twelve m9utes4 ,x 0      
sc>cely ov] be=e ! pati5t half-op5$ h]  
eyelids1 & look$ ab\t h] ) a/oni%m5t2 ! 
pulse became p]ceptible = a few mom5ts1 
& all pres5t ?\ght %e 0 sav$4 ,we put a 
few que/ions to h]2 ! pati5t c\ld n     
answ] u1 b %e nodd$ z mu* z to say yes1 
:5 ask$ if %e felt bett]4 ,b ?is 0 all  
we c\ld d 9 h] case4 ,! circulation     
/opp$ aga91 ! pati5t relaps$ into h]    
/ate ( ins5sibility & di$ two h\rs aft] 
! injection4  ,! result obta9$ 9 ?is    
in/ance _h n answ]$ our expectation4    
,h[ev]1 ! circulation _h = a m9ute or   
two resum$ its c\rse1 & a fla% ( reason 
_h once m %[n itself4  ,i ?\ght !       
exp]im5t ought to be repeat$1 &         
accord+ly ! next morn+ ,i made ano!r    
trial4 ,! pati5t ?is "t 0 a work+       
%oemak]1 ?irty-eight ye>s ( age1 exactly
 9 ! same f>-gone1 hopeless /ate z !    

pati5t ( ! day be=e4 ,9 8 case1 ! inw>d 
commotion caus$ by ! injection 0 m      
p[]ful2 tw5ty m9utes aft] ! injection he
 0 able to see1 to und]/&1 to speak1 to 
raise 8 head2 b ?is vital recov]y 01 z 9
 ! =m] case1 b ( %ort cont9uance1 & two 
h\rs & a half aft] ! op]ation ! man     
expir$4  ,aft] ^! exp]im5ts ,i dissect$ 
! two bodies1 & !n1 f9d+ t _! lungs 7   
infiltrat$ ) wat]1 ,i und]/ood t !      
alkal9e solution _h n be5 assimilat$1 t 
x _h /opp$ 9 its passage into ! pulmon>y
 p>5*yma1 to ! detrim5t ( ! functions ( 
! hmatosis4 ,i also und]/ood t ! prop]  
injection1 in/ead ( di/ill$ alkal9e     
wat]1 w\ld h be5 ! s]um ( ! blood1 drawn
 at ! v mom5t f "s man or animal4  ,!   
conclusion :i* ,i drew f ^! exp]im5ts 0 
t a v>iety ( op]ations1 made at diff]5t 
/ages ( ! malady1 might lead to         
b5eficial results1 especially if we     
succe$$ 9 transmitt+ ! *ol]a to animals1
 z t w\ld enable u to te/ a l>ge numb] (
 curative ag5ts & to pursue a me?odical 
c\rse ( exp]im5talization4  ,f all ,i h 

said1 ,i inf] t life1 heal?1 & disease1 
be+ subject to ! same laws ?r\gh\t !    
:ole animal k9d1 x is c]ta9 t !         
physician %\ld possess precise k z to ! 
organization1 ! functions1 & diseases ( 
animals4 ,t by proce$+ 9 ?is mann]1 we  
%all advance f ! simple to ! complex1 f 
! plant to ! animal1 & f ! animal to    
man4 ,t we mu/ ( necessity em]ge f !    
/ate 9 :i* we are n[ entangl$ ,,by      
,,f\nd+ ,,& ,,e/abli%+ ,,9 ,,london ,a  
,,college ,,( ,,! ,,natural ,,& ,,m$ical
 ,,sci5ces4 ,e m$ical pupil might sp5d  
two ye>s 9 ?is college1 receiv+ 9 x an  
exp]im5tal & practical tra9+2 he w\ld   
devote himself 9 x to ! *emical analysis
 ( all bodies1 to physiological         
exp]im5ts & te/s1 )\t limit & ( e k9d4  
,mo/ deeply d ,i appreciate ! _m        
difficulties & ob/acles t w\ld int]f]e )
 ! execution ( su* a design4 ,9 our     
civiliz$ age1 nations seem r b5t on     
seek+ out ! means ( ext]m9at+ ea* o!r   
?an ( protect+ !mselves & animals f     
epidemics & epizootias4 ,x is believ$ t 

e fir/-rate k+dom n[ sp5ds f #djj to    
#ejj millions ( francs 7#af to          
#bj1jjj1jjjl47 annually 9 ma9ta9+ _! l& 
& sea =ces1 :il/ "o-half ( _!           
populations are liv+ 9 mis]y &          
ignorance1 9 disease & corruption4 ,! "t
 is n come--%all we ev] see x8--to      
employ ! vital p[]s ( ! peoples1 to     
bett] incessantly _! social condition4  
,p]haps1 by reason ( its organization1 !
 ,gov]nm5t ( ?is c\ntry w\ld n be       
au?oriz$ to devote #ajj1jjjl4 or        
#bjj1jjjl4 to ! e/abli%m5t ( an         
in/itution l ! m$ical college ,i sugge/1
 not)/&+ its p>am\nt necessity4 ,b      
,engl& is 9 ! habit ( do+ great ?+s     
indep5d5tly ( ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,9 default ( 
! rul+ p[]s1 !n1 let me appeal to !     
national initiative1 = if ! spectacle   
:i* we are at pres5t witness+ 0 n1 9 !  
case ( ,engl&1 "o ( ^? trials :i*       
invigorate a p by ! salut>y tea*+s :i*  
!y br+2 if x did n induce !m to take "s 
en]getic resolution by :i* _! int]e/s   
w\ld be sav$ & _! p[] enl>g$1 x w\ld    

inde$ be a deplorable sign ( ! times &  
make u despair ( its future4  ,moreov]1 
to %[ ! urg5cy ( f\nd+ a ,college (     
,natural & ,m$ical ,sci5ce1 let u add1 t
 9 e o!r c\ntry !y are endeav\r+ to     
unite ?is indisp5sable complem5t to     
m$ical education4 ,! ,g]man univ]sities1
 ! ,faculty ( ,p>is1 h1 = sev]al ye>s   
pa/1 incorporat$ a c\rse ( comp>ative   
pa?ology1 ) ! o!r s]ies ( public        
lectures4  ,x is n a m]e ,utopia t we   
propose1 b an ext5sion & improvem5t1 all
 ! p>ts ( :i* are already prep>$4 ,if   
?is ,college c\ld be ?r[n op5 to-morr[1 
compet5t pr(essors w\ld be ready at !   
call ( duty to indite ! programme = ?is 
in/ruction )9 tw5ty-f\r h\rs2 & z = !   
pr(essors !mselves1 !re w\ld be en\gh to
 *oose among ! l>ge body ( effici5t     
s*ol>s :o d hon\r to ! c\ntry4  ,if we h
 be5 rightly und]/ood1 we desire to see 
e/abli%$ 9 ,london an in/itution :i*    
w\ld af=d an equival5t to :at exi/s 9   
,p>is1 at ! ,museum & ,collge de        
,france1 :]e num]\s c\rses ( lectures on

 anatomy1 physiology1 physics1 & *emi/ry
 are giv54 ,only 9 ,london ?is special  
college w\ld be =m$ & organiz$ on su* a 
scale z to be> away ! palm f e previ\s  
f\ndation ( ! same k9d2 x w\ld be an    
in/itution unexampl$ 9 ! _w1 out ( ^:   
halls w\ld "o day come anatomi/s1       
physiologi/s1 & pa?ologi/s ( ! v highe/ 
ord] ( excell5ce4--,b organic matt] w\ld
 n be ! sole object ( ?is in/ruction1 = 
! animal is some?+ m ?an matt]4 ,c\rses 
( m$ical hi/ory & philosophy1 ( really  
g5]al pa?ology1 w\ld introduce ! /ud5ts 
to ! gr& ph5om5a ( nature1 to ! great   
laws :i* gov]n ! worlds & ! globe2 &    
desc5d+ f ! heights ( sci5ce to !       
obs]vation ( ! inf9itely m9ute1 !y w\ld 
nev] =get ! important "p ( ! vital p[]s1
 & ( t unkn[n p[] call$ at diff]5t times
 by ! names ( pneuma1 ar*c--m9d & s\l4  
,! ,reg5t's ,p>k w\ld1 we ?9k1 be !     
prop] site = ?is college1 z ! contiguity
 ( ! ,zoological ,g>d5s w\ld af=d       
cont9ual opportunities = inve/igat+ !   
diseases ( animals4  ,moreov]1 ?is      

college w\ld n tr5* ^u or int]f]e 9 any 
mann] ) ^? m$ical & vet]9>y e/abli%m5ts 
:i* at pres5t exi/2 x w\ld ally itself  
)1 & complete !m1 no?+ m4 ,! in/ruction 
receiv$ at ?is ,college ( ,natural &    
,m$ical ,sci5ce w\ld be s useful &      
necess>y1 & s attractive )al1 t ! sons (
 ! great families w\ld come to x to f9i%
 _! collegiate /udies1 to ! great b5efit
 ( ! c\ntry4 ,o!r "y m51 9 consid]able  
numb]s1 w\ld flock to x f v>i\s p>ts ( !
 _w4 ,! f\ndation ( su* an in/itution   
w\ld be an epo* 9 ! hi/ory ( sci5ce1 &  
w\ld give ,engl& ano!r claim to ! e/eem 
( nations4  ,i conclude1 !n1 ) a        
conviction t a nation :i* owes to ,"l   
,bacon1 ! f\nd] ( exp]im5tal philosophy1
 8 imp]i%able book on ! re/oration1 !   
me?od & tea*+ ( ! sci5ces2 to ,h>vey1 ! 
circulation2 to ,prie/ley1 ! con/itution
 ( *emi/ry2 to ,syd5ham1 ! mod]n        
,hippocrates1 8 treatise on ,practical  
,m$ic9e2 to ,j5n]1 vacc9ation2 & to     
,*>les ,bell1 ! discov]y ( ! s5sitive & 
motor n]ves--is a p too great & too     

enlight5$ to retrograde2 & t1 if !      
epizootic ( ox typhus did f9d !m at fir/
 unready & dis>m$1 !y w 9 ! end conv]t  
?is disa/] into a new s\rce ( greatness 
& /r5g?4  ,su* is ! s9c]e hope :i* ,i   
*]i% & ! pray] ,i (f] up = ! happ9ess ( 
a c\ntry :i*1 = ! future1 has become my 
own4     ,,app5dix4   ,,note ,a4        
,,brem51 ,augu/ #cj4  ,! foll[+ report1 
drawn up by two ,g]man vet]9>y surgeons1
 ( a rec5t visit to ,london to exam9e   
into ! cattle murra91 has be5 furni%$ by
 ! ag5t ( ! ,nor? ,g]man ,lloyd's at    
,nord5hamm3--  ,on ,w$nesday1 ! #i?     
in/ant1 we1 ! und]sign$1 7 reque/$ to be
 at ,nord5hamm1 if possible1 ! foll[+   
morn+4 ,^u our arrival we 7 ask$ by !   
ag5t ( ! ,nor? ,g]man ,lloyd's1 :o _h   
consult$ ) sev]al ( ! *ief cattle       
export]s1 to und]take a voyage to       
,london at once 9 ! /eam] ,s*wan1 9 !   
int]e/ ( ! cattle export f ! ,wes]4 ,!  
object ( our mission 01 fir/1 to exam9e 
z closely z possible into ! epidemic    
cattle disease rag+ 9 & ar\nd ,london = 

"s "t pa/2 !n c>efully to obs]ve !      
treatm5t ( cattle ^u ! vessel dur+ !    
voyage1 ^u arrival1 & at ! "t (         
disemb>kation2 la/ly1 to use e means 9  
our p[] to prev5t ob/acles be+ oppos$ to
 ! cont9u$ export ( cattle f ^! ports to
 ,engl&4  ,furni%$ by ! ag5t ( ! ,nor?  
,g]man ,lloyd's ) lett]s ( introduction 
to cattle deal]s 9 ,london1 & ) !       
necess>y funds1 we left ,nord5hamm 9 !  
/eam] ,s*wan1 ,capta9 ,*ri/5s51 at #d   
,p4,m41 on ! #aj? in/ant4 ,! vessel     
c>ri$ #cdg head ( l>ge cattle1 #b       
calves1 & #bfj %eep4 ,fav\r$ by v f9e   
wea!r1 we arriv$ 9 ! ,?ames at #b       
,p4,m41 on ! #ab?4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( !     
voyage ! animals 7 r uneasy1 trampl$ a  
good deal1 & caus$ consid]able motion 9 
! %ip2 aft] a "t1 h[ev]1 !y became      
quiet4 ,a %>p1 p5etrat+ smell 0 easily  
p]ceptible 9 ! 'twe5 decks ( ! %ip1 :i* 
0 quickly remov$ ^u a light breeze spr++
 up1 by means ( ! excell5t v5tilation & 
num]\s air-pipes & w9d %afts4 ,! animals
 7 sev]al times wat]$1 & x 0 easy to see

 h[ greatly !y 7 refre%$4 ,! hay 9 !    
racks1 on ! o!r h&1 0 h>dly t\*$4  ,^u  
arriv+ 9 ! port we 7 introduc$ by !     
capta9 to ! two vet]9>y surgeons /ation$
 "h to inspect ! cattle1 & witness$ !   
rapid disemb>kation ( ! c>go1 all ( :i* 
7 ?or\ghly heal?y1 n "o be+ condemn$4 ,!
 cattle1 :5 l&$1 7 imm$iately br\ght to 
c>ts /&+ 9 read9ess & transport$ to     
,london1 :]e !y are cleans$ & !n driv5  
into ! adjac5t fields4  ,aft] do+ all 9 
our p[] to atta9 ! object ( our j\rney1 
we w5t back to ! port to wait = !       
,s*wan1 hav+ fir/ ?or\ghly cleans$ !    
clo!s we _h worn dur+ our inspection ( !
 diseas$ cattle4 ,! ,s*wan came 9 %ortly
 aft] our arrival1 & disemb>k$ #bef head
 ( l>ge cattle1 #ab calves & #djj %eep1 
all 9 good condition4 ,mr4 ,philipps1 ! 
,london ag5t ( ! ,nor? ,g]man ,lloyd's1 
0 on ! spot1 toge!r ) sev]al report]s f 
newspap]s1 :o wi%$ to see by p]sonal    
inve/igation h[ & 9 :at condition cattle
 are br\ght f ! ,wes]4  ,we re-emb>k$ on
 ! ,s*wan ^u ! #ai?4 ,! crew 7 engag$   

dur+ ! voyage 9 c>efully cleans+ ! %ip4 
,! wea!r 0 f9e1 & we arriv$ safely at   
,nord5hamm ^u ! #ba/4    7,sign$7    ,g4
 ,j4 ,,ripp51   ,vet]9>y ,surgeon at    
,seefield4    ,h4 ,,fa/+1   ,vet]9>y    
,surgeon at ,s*wey4   ,,note ,b4        
,pr(essor ,simonds hav+ _h su*          
opportunities ( inve/igat+ ^? diseases z
 !y exi/$ 9 ,engl& & 9 =eign c\ntries z 
7 possess$ only by a few ,engli%m51     
might be p]mitt$ to (f] a few           
obs]vations4 ,he _h be5 appo9t$ by !    
,royal ,agricultural ,societies ( ,engl&
 & ,irel& to proce$ to ! ,cont95t 9     
#aheg1 :5 !re 0 a rum\r t ! disease :i* 
exi/$ among cattle 9 ?is c\ntry at !    
pres5t "t 0 prevail+ 9 ,meckl5burg4     
,consuls s5t despat*es t ! r9d]pe/ 0    
prevail+ l>gely1 & ! ,gov]nm5t1 z a     
precaution>y measure1 clos$ ! ports     
aga9/ ! introduction ( cattle f !       
,baltic to ?is c\ntry4 ,he f\nd1 h[ev]1 
f 8 obs]vations abroad t s9ce #ahag !re 
_h be5 no disease ( ?is k9d we/w>d ( a  
l9e betwe5 ,revel 9 ! ,baltic & ! ,gulf 

( ,v5ice1 b to ! ea/w>d ( t l9e x _h    
exi/$4 ,he came up ) ! affection at !   
,c>pa?ian m\nta9s1 :]e x 0 rag+ 9 #aheg 
j z x is rag+ 9 ,engl& at ! pres5t "t4  
,n only _h x exi/$ !re1 b x _h be5 c>ri$
 into ! int]ior ( ,russia 9 ! ord9>y    
me?od ( ! cattle trade4 ,a p]son :o 0 9 
! habit ( pur*as+ cattle att5d$ a fair &
 b\ght a numb] ( animals1 & took !m to 8
 own f>m1 & 9 ! c\rse ( t5 days "o or   
two 7 seiz$ ) ! disease1 & ! result 0   
!re 0 a gradual spread ( ! evil 9 t     
di/rict4 ,x ga9$ gr\nd until ! ,gov]nm5t
 in/itut$ ! sanit>y police regulations1 
:i*1 ?\gh !y 7 su* z w\ld be consid]$   
/range 9 ,engl&1 71 he believ$1         
absolutely necess>y = ! extirpation ( ! 
plague4 ,x 0 und\bt$ly true t no =eign  
animals _h be5 seiz$ at our ports or 9 !
 metropolitan m>ket2 b x 0 n necess>y = 
! case !y _h 9 h& to say :e!r ! disease 
0 or 0 n ( =eign importation4 ,!re 0 ?is
 fact be=e !m1 t x 0 n until ! mon? (   
,june t ! disease appe>$ 9 ,engl&4 ,a   
c]ta9 numb] ( animals came out ( a      

diseas$ di/rict4 ,he _h docum5t>y       
evid5ce t animals came f ,revel & came f
 ! di/rict ( ,e/honia4 ,he _h be=e him  
pro( t ! disease n[ 9 ,engl& 0 rag+ 9 t 
di/rict4 ,!y _h pro( t %ortly aft] !    
arrival ( ^? cattle 9 ,engl& ! disease  
manife/$ itself "h4 ,he admitt$ !re 7   
difficulties 9 ! way ( *eck+ !          
importation ( =eign cattle4 ,! ,gov]nm5t
 _h its eyes op5 to ! matt]1 & he did n 
?9k x possible = ! ,gov]nm5t to h done m
 ?an !y _h done or to h done m quickly  
:at !y _h be5 do+4 ,at ?is mom5t half ! 
supply ( ! metropolitan m>ket came f    
=eign c\ntries1 & he did n wi% to convey
 any reflection by say+ t ?is disease _h
 its orig9 f abroad4 ,he w\ld admit t ! 
animals f ,g]many & ,hung>y 7 com+ 9 a  
heal?y condition2 b he c\ld n admit t !y
 came f ,russia1 ,pol&1 or ,galicia 9 s 
p]fect a condition1 because !           
regulations !re 7 n suffici5t to /amp   
out ! disease4 ,! ,gov]nm5t _h made an  
inquiry z to ! g5]al heal? ( cattle on !
 ,cont95t4 ,!y believ$ ,france1         

,belgium1 ,holl&1 ,s*leswig-,hol/e91    
,old5burg1 & a l>ge "p ( ! ,cont95t t   
suppli$ cattle to ?is c\ntry 7 free f   
disease4 ,?is w5t to %[ t we _h admitt$ 
a disease n f :]e we receiv$ our        
supplies ( meat1 b f "s o!r di/rict4 ,!n
 x mu/ be associat$ ) ! fact t x came   
into ?is c\ntry :5 animals arriv$ "h f  
an infect$ di/rict 9 ,russia4 ,animals f
 ,g]many & ,hung>y 7 (t5 %ipp$ & mix$ ) 
o!rs f a diseas$ di/rict4 ,z reg>d$ !   
disease be+ spontane\s1 we _h be5 free f
 x = tw5ty ye>s4 ,:at 0 ! /ate ( our    
c[%$s fifty ye>s ago8 ,7 !y n 9 a m     
fil?y condition ?an !y are n[8 ,if1     
!re=e1 ! disease _h be5 induc$ f common 
causes x w\ld h be5 "h ye>s & ye>s ago4 
,x 0 no reflection to say t a great _m  
cases c\ld be trac$ directly to !       
metropolitan m>ket4 ,take "o case :i*   
occurr$ 9 ,sussex4 ,c]ta9 cattle _h be5 
b\ght 9 ! metropolitan m>ket & 7 tak5   
home4 ,9 ?ree or f\r days !y 7 ill1 &   
pres5t$ symptoms ( ?is affection4 ,9 a  
few days m ! c[s & calves 7 dead4 ,9    

ano!r in/ance calves 7 b\ght 9 ,*i*e/]  
,m>ket1 :]e !y _h be5 tak5 f ,london4 ,!
 result 0 ! dea? ( twelve c[s & t5      
calves4 ,! p _h o!r cattle on ! same    
f>m1 & n "o ( !m took x4 ,he c\ld say1  
too1 t p]sons :o _h only "o animal _h   
lo/ x by ! disease4 ,h[ _h ! disease got
 into ,norfolk & ,k5t b by ! animals :i*
 w5t f ! metropolitan m>ket8 ,he c\ld   
prove by docum5t>y evid5ce t x 0 s4 ,he 
c\ld %[ !re 0 n a s+le in/ance :]e !    
orig9 ( ! disease c\ld n be trac$ to !  
metropolis4 ,x 0 ! mo/ fe>ful visitation
 t _h ev] be5 se5 9 ,engl&4 ,!y _h      
adopt$ a sy/em ( comp5sation 9 ,norfolk1
 & if by ?is meet+ some?+ 0 done to %ut 
out ! animals ( infect$ di/ricts1 no    
d\bt ! promot]s w\ld receive n only !   
?anks ( ,london1 b ! c\ntry g5]ally4    
,mr4 ,gibb9s--,n[1 if ! disease came f  
abroad1 & diseas$ cattle 7 %ipp$ on !   
o!r side ( ! sea1 no d\bt ! voyage w\ld 
conc5trate & aggravate ! disease4 ,!    
,gov]nm5t inspectors report$1 h[ev]1 t n
 "o in/ance _h be5 se5 ( =eign cattle s 

diseas$1 nor _h any be5 seiz$ & de/roy$ 
9 ,london or any:]e else4 ,:e!r !       
disease came f abroad or else:]e he 0 n 
able to /ate4 ,sir ,george ,grey ask$   
him :e!r he _h f\nd any disease among ! 
=eign cattle t came into ! m>ket4 ,he   
said n "o4 ,!y _h1 no d\bt1 _m in/ances 
( ! disease among/ ! c[s t 7 ord9>ily   
call$ mil* c[s1 b t 7 n mil* c[s :5 !y  
came to m>ket1 because "o effect ( !    
disease 0 to deprive ! animal ( milk4   
,^! 7 !n s5t to ! m>ket & sold z fat    
/ock4 ,he c\ld only say !y _h _h no     
cases1 except 9 c[s1 :e!r !y came f !   
dairies 9 ,london or else:]e4   ,,note  
,c4  ,m4 ,demb9ski1 ,pr(essor (         
,analytical ,*emi/ry & ,natural ,sci5ce1
 _h also address$ a communication to !  
,"l ,mayor on ! subject4 ,! preval5t    
,r9d]pe/1 he said1 orig9at$ 9 ! /eppes (
 ,podolia1 f :i* consid]able h]ds (     
cattle 7 export$ ?r\gh ! /eppes to      
,mosc[1 ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 ,riga1 & ,revel1
 & !nce to ! ports ( ,memel1 ,knigsb]g1 
,dantzic1 ,hamburg1 ,kiel1 & ! ,hague4  

,depriv$ ( cong5ial food & pure wat] on 
_! transport ?r\gh ! /eppes1 & !n arriv+
 at m>%y l&s1 ! exhau/$ animals drank ! 
/agnant wat]1 :i*1 dur+ hot wea!r1      
exhal$ a pe/if]\s mal>ia1 & infect$ !m )
 a pr$isposition to ! epidemic 9 "q1 :i*
 develop$ itself into a k9d ( fev] on ! 
voyage to ,engl& 9 a cr[d$ condition4   
,,note ,d4    ,,int]national ,,vet]9>y  
,,congress1 ,,vi5na1   ,augu/1 #ahfe4   
,) reg>d to ! cattle plague1 x may be   
well to /ate t ,au/ria has be5 mo/      
un=tunately situat$1 f ! read9ess ) :i* 
,russian cattle h be5 admitt$ into !    
c\ntry at v>i\s p>ts ( ! we/]n & s\!rn  
fronti]s4 ,at ! op5+ ( ! ,congress ?is  
difficulty 0 p>ticul>ly not$ by !       
,m9i/]ial c\nsellor1 ,dr4 ,vell1 :o     
att5d$ on behalf ( ! ,gov]nm5t1 = !     
purpose ( welcom+ ! assembly1 & giv+ an 
assurance t its delib]ations w\ld meet )
 all ! att5tion !y des]v$4 ,he specially
 ref]r$ to ! fact t ! laws relat+ to    
cattle disease prev5tion _h be5 entirely
 revis$ 9 #ahej1 b t ! ,/eppe murra9    

cont9u$ to be introduc$ by smuggl$ /ock 
into ! we/]n & s\!rn prov9ces ( ! ,/ate4
 ,x 0 !re=e necess>y to attempt a m     
effectual control ov] ! propagation ( s 
disa/r\s a malady4  ,h]r ,pab/ welcom$ !
 meet+ on behalf ( ! ,m9i/] ( ,trade4   
,he said t ! value ( ! cattle ( !       
,au/rian dom9ions consid]ably exce$$ "o 
hundr$ million p\nds /]l+ 7"o ?\s&      
million ,au/rian flor9s71 & t cattle    
plagues completely put a /op to !       
developm5t ( t ess5tial bran* (         
agriculture :i* embraces ! improvem5t & 
increase ( live /ock 9 a c\ntry4 ,he    
assur$ ! assembly t all w\ld be done t 0
 possible to improve ! exi/+ /ate (     
matt]s1 & t he hop$ !y w\ld greatly aid 
! ,gov]nm5t by ! discussions :i* w\ld   
take place & ! conclusions at :i* !y    
w\ld arrive4  ,i may /ate1 by ! way1 t  
an op9ion r g5]ally express$ by "s1 &   
/\tly ma9ta9$ by o!rs1 0 t ! peculi>    
disposition ( "s ( ! ,au/rian subjects1 
& ! feel+ exi/+ 9 ,hung>y aga9/ ,/ate   
measures1 r5d]$ ! law1 to a great ext5t1

 inop]ative4 ,i c1 f p]sonal exp]i5ce1  
/ate t al?\gh /r+5t & mo/ effici5t means
 are us$ = ! suppression ( cattle       
plagues1 & ) ! be/ results 9 ,au/ria    
prop]1 !re is great difficulty 9 c>ry+  
out ! law 9 di/ricts :]e ,au/rian rule  
is at a disc\nt4 ,inde$ ?is is cle>ly   
indicat$ by ! mann] 9 :i* ! ,r9d]pe/    
p5etrates into ,au/ria1 :]e ! laws are  
simil> to ^? 9 ! k+dom ( ,prussia1 :i*  
is1 & has long be51 completely protect$ 
f invasions ( ! disord]4  ,at ! meet+ ( 
! fir/ ,int]national ,congress1 held 9  
,hamburg 9 #ahfe1 ,dr4 ,rll /at$ t ow+  
to ! l5g? ( "t to :i* ! qu>ant9e =      
,russian cattle ext5d$ on ! ,au/rian    
fronti]1 h]ds ( cattle 7 (t5 smuggl$    
?r\gh1 & companies _h be5 =m$ = !       
purpose ( insurance aga9/ seizure by !  
au?orities4 ,! unlawful traffic 0 !re=e 
c>ri$ on ) comp>ative safety to !       
deal]s1 :o c>$ n :at mis=tune !y br\ght 
on a c\ntry if only _! p]sonal ends c\ld
 be s]v$4 ,?is "q 0 ! fir/ to occupy !  
att5tion ( ! ,congress la/ week2 :5 a   

resolution 0 propos$ to %ort5 ! p]iod ( 
qu>ant9e = cattle f ,russia into any    
c\ntry f tw5ty-"o days to t54 ,!        
discussion 0 ke54 ,x 0 /ipulat$1 h[ev]1 
t ! qu>ant9e %\ld be c>ri$ out mo/      
/rictly ov] all p>ts ( ! fronti]1 )\t   
respect to any bre$ ( cattle or o!r     
circum/ances :i* might be br\ght =w>d z 
exceptional reasons = reta9+ animals 9  
qu>ant9e4 ,! committee appo9t$ to prep>e
 a succ9ct report on ! subject includ$  
,pr(essors ,unt]b]g]1 ,seifmann1 ,w]n]1 
,zlamal1 ,h]twig1 ,haubn]1 & ,rll2 & !  
committee decid$ 9 fav\r ( ! %ort5$     
qu>ant9e1 on ! foll[+                   
conditions3--,fir/--,:5 ! e/abli%m5t (  
qu>ant9e in/itutions is effect$ 9       
accordance ) ! requirem5ts ( trade & !  
peculi>ities ( ! fronti]1 special       
att5tion mu/ be paid to ! erection (    
qu>ant9e /ables1 c41 :]e !re are        
facilities = procur+ an abundance (     
fodd] & wat]4 ,second--,! animals to be 
kept "u effici5t vet]9>y sup]vision     
:]ev] !y h to submit to qu>ant9e4 ,!    

inspectors mu/ be prop]ly qualifi$      
vet]9>y surgeons4 ,?ird--,! use ( a br& 
to indicate t ! animals h be5 9         
qu>ant9e4 ,f\r?--,! effectual           
dis9fection1 by wa%+ & o!rwise1 (       
animals z !y leave ! qu>ant9e4 ,fif?--,!
 introduction ( a poll-tax along ! ea/]n
 fronti]s1 & ! appo9tm5t ( prop]        
vet]9>ians to be on ! wat* z to ! heal? 
( cattle along ! fronti]s4              
,six?--,c>eful sup]vision to be plac$   
ov] ! traffic 9 cattle :]ev] x takes    
place 9 a c\ntry4 ,sev5?--,! puni%m5t to
 ! full ext5t t ! law all[s ( all :o    
break ! rules relat+ to qu>ant9e or o!r 
means = ! prev5tion ( ! cattle plague4  
,pr(essor ,h]twig1 ( ,b]l91 ^: op9ion is
 always li/5$ to ) great respect 9      
vet]9>y circles1 /at$ 8 reasons = adopt+
 ^! resolutions n[1 :]eas 9 #ahfc he 0  
aga9/ %ort5+ ! p]iod ( qu>ant9e4 ,he    
ref]r$ *iefly to ! importance ( n (f]+  
temptations = cattle deal]s to evade !  
law by insi/+ on unreasonable           
re/rictions4 ,! feel+ ( ! assembly 0    

greatly 9 fav\r ( avoid+ vexati\s &     
exp5sive measures1 :i* might greatly    
int]f]e ) ! employm5t ( capital 9 cattle
 traffic4 ,a small numb] ( pr(essors1 n 
exce$+ eight or n9e1 held out = a       
qu>ant9e ( tw5ty-"o days4  ,x may be z  
well to /ate t qu>ant9e regulations1 :i*
 h be5 reg>d$ z almo/ useless 9 !       
prev5tion ( human disord]s1 f ! great   
difficulties 9 ! way ( c>ry+ !m out     
effici5tly1 are recognis$ z ( great     
value 9 controll+ ! propagation ( cattle
 plagues4 ,x is possible to control !   
movem5t ( h]ds1 & ! gov]nm5ts ( ,c5tral 
,europe h f\nd x absolutely ess5tial s  
to d4 ,inde$1 ! able/ m$ical m5 :o h    
writt5 aga9/ ! adoption ( a qu>ant9e    
sy/em = human small-pox & *ol]a1 su* z  
,pr(essor ,siegmund1 ( ,b]l91 ackn[l$ge 
its value & absolute requirem5t ) reg>d 
to ! ,r9d]pe/4 ,a pr(essor f ,galicia   
argu$ 9 fav\r ( controll+ ! movem5ts ( p
 :]ev] ! disease appe>$1 & no fact seems
 to h be5 bett] asc]ta9$ ?an t ( !      
communication ( ! ,r9d]pe/ f h]d to h]d 

by human be+s4 ,pr(essor ,jess51 (      
,dorpat1 /ates t 9 ,russia ! malady 0 at
 "o "t spe$ily propagat$ by ! p1 :o     
reg>d$ ! de/ruction ( _! /ock z a       
visitation ( ,provid5ce1 & :o summon$ a 
prie/ into _! /ables to pray ) !m t !   
plague might be /ay$4 ,mov+ f f>m to    
f>m1 ! malady 0 by ?is means rapidly    
transmitt$4 ,9 ,hung>y1 _m outbreaks    
result f p dress+ ! c>cases & hawk+ ab\t
 ! meat1 :i*1 ev5 :]e human be+s rema9  
un9jur$1 is deadly to ! cattle :5ev] !  
wat] ) :i* x is wa%$ is ?r[n ab\t !     
y>ds1 or ! meat is hung up ne> %$s      
conta9+ liv+ animals4  ,! memb]s pres5t 
at ! ,int]national ,congress spoke 9    
fav\r ( e/abli%+ a fund1 ap>t f !       
,gov]nm5t grants1 = ! paym5t ( diseas$  
or infect$ animals :i* h to be slaught]$
 ) a view to ! prev5tion ( ! plague4    
,special precautions 7 sugge/$ z to !   
transmission ( articles ! product (     
diseas$ animals4  #a4 ,p]fectly dri$    
sk9s1 ! po9ts ( horns cut (f1 z !y (t5  
are = comm]cial purposes1 ! salt$ & dri$

 inte/9es ( cattle1 melt$ tall[1 wools1 
c[hair1 4c41 c\ld be freely all[$ to    
pass unobs]v$4  #b4 ,entire horns1 ho(s1
 c41 :i* are deta*$ f ! s(t p>ts1 b :i* 
(t5 conta9 adh]+ fle%1 c41 %\ld be      
dis9fect$ ) *loride ( lime4  #c4 ,z     
melt$ tall[ is (t5 convey$ 9 bags :i*   
may be *>g$ ) ! poison1 ^? bags %\ld be 
wa%$ ) *loride ( lime solution4  #d4    
,fre% bones1 fre% sk9s1 & inte/9es1     
unmelt$ tall[1 raw fle%1 & fre%         
%eepsk9s1 %\ld n be sold :5ev] !        
,r9d]pe/ exi/s 9 a di/rict4  ,accord+ to
 all ! acc\nts :i* rea* u1 ! =eign      
obs]vations & resolutions may be (      
ess5tial s]vice 9 ,engl&4 ,! memb]s ( ! 
,assembly 7 in=m$ by ,mr4 ,ern] ( !     
orig9 & ! progress ( ! cattle plague 9  
,engl&1 & 7 deeply int]e/$ by ! acc\nt  
giv5 ( ! imm95t dang] 9 :i* _m c\ntries 
are plac$ t pur*ase bre$+ /ock 9 !      
,briti% isles4 ,! !ories ( spontane\s   
orig9 amuse ! le>n$ "h n a little1 z !y 
ju/ly ?9k we ought n to be s f> beh9d e 
nation 9 ! possession ( k reg>d+ !      

propagation ( su* a disord] z ! /eppe   
murra94   ,,note ,e4  ,n[1 if ! disease 
came f abroad1 & diseas$ cattle 7 %ipp$ 
on ! o!r side ( ! sea1 no d\bt ! voyage 
w\ld conc5trate & aggravate ! disease4  
,:e!r ! disease came f abroad or else:]e
 he 0 n able to /ate4 ,sir ,george ,grey
 ask$ him :e!r he _h f\nd any disease   
among ! =eign cattle t came into !      
m>ket4 ,he _h n "o4 ,he c\ld only say !y
 _h _h no cases1 except 9 c[s1 :e!r !y  
came f ! dairies 9 ,london or else:]e4  
,s f> z !y knew1 n "o s+le bullock or ox
 _h be5 condemn$4--,,mr4 ,,gibb9s1 #ah? 
,augu/1 ,meet+ at ! ,mansion ,h\se4  ,! 
v fir/ %$ 9 :i* ! plague mu/ h appe>$ 9 
,london is a patt]n ( cleanl9ess1 & !   
/ock 0 magnific5t1 z prov$ by ! animals 
9 a %$ to :i* ! disease has n be5       
propagat$4 ,almo/ simultane\sly ! malady
 broke out 9 ! ,essex m>%es1 & 9 e      
in/ance we trace a m or less direct     
contam9ation by =eign /ock4   ,,note ,f4
    ,,vi5na1 ,augu/1 #ahfe4  ,on ! #bh? 
( ,augu/ ab\t ?irty ( ! memb]s ( !      

,congress accept$ an invitation to visit
 ! r5[n$ agricultural e/abli%m5t at     
,alt5burg1 9 ,hung>y4 ,aft] ! visitors  
_h inspect$ ! h]ds & o!r appurt5ances ( 
?is in/itution1 ,pr(essor ,maas*1 its   
director1 intimat$ t ! ,r9d]pe/ _h      
appe>$ at ,nickolsdorf1 ab\t f\r ,g]man 
miles f ,alt5burg4 ,! ,presid5t ( !     
,congress _h kn[n ?is fact be=e ! p>ty  
left ,vi5na = ,hung>y2 b z he fe>$ "s   
en?usia/s w\ld fir/ see ! plague1 & !n  
inspect ! ,alt5burg h]ds1 he pref]r$ to 
adopt ! /ratagem ( communicat+ !        
in=mation ?r\gh ,pr(essor ,maas*1 aft] !
 great ,agricultural ,college ( ,hung>y 
_h be5 view$4 ,nickolsdorf1 :]e ! /eppe 
murra9 appe>$ on ! #aj? ( ,augu/1 is an 
exquisitely clean village1 )            
well-:itewa%$ build+s & broad roads1    
con/itut+ ! c5tre ( a ?riv+ agricultural
 di/rict4 ,its p are typical ,hung>ians1
 n too anxi\s to "w1 &1 on ! :ole1 poor2
 b !y are intellig5t1 not)/&+ ! national
 proclivity to f>m a ?\s& acres badly r 
?an "o-f\r? ! quantity to p]fection4 ,_!

 wants are n great1 & _! worldly        
luxuries1 beyond potatoes & s*naps1 are 
b\ght ) ! pr(its made on l>ge h]ds (    
cattle4 ,"o h]d only _h suff]$ f !      
cattle plague :5 we visit$ ! village4   
,?is h]d consi/$ ( #abbe animals1 divid$
 into ?ree lots4 ,! affect$ portion     
numb]$ #dej animals--bullocks int5d$ =  
"w & slaught]--v>y+ 9 age f ?ree to sev5
 ye>s4 ,! c[s & heif]s _h n be5 smitt54 
,! #dej animals among/ :i* ! disease    
appe>$ 7 h\s$ 9 no less ?an sixte5      
diff]5t %$s 9 ,nickolsdorf4 ,out ( ea* (
 ^! places sick animals _h be5 tak51 &  
ei!r slaught]$ or p]mitt$ to die4 ,we   
kill$ f\r = dissection on ! #bi?4 ,six m
 _h be5 previ\sly kill$1 _! hides       
slack$1 & ! entire body buri$2 n9e _h   
di$1 & two we left 9 life to be soon    
slaught]$ & dispos$ ( z ! o!rs4 ,!      
di/rict vet]9>y surgeon 9 con/ant       
att5dance 0 an extremely active &       
intellig5t man1 :o recognis$ ! disease  
on its fir/ outbreak1 & adopt$ su*      
measures = sep>ation1 de/ruction1 &     

burial1 z prev5t$ ! disease f spread+ s 
rapidly z x has 9 ,engl&4  ,! cause ( ! 
outbreak 0 ! int]m+l+ ( cattle-deal]s'  
/ock ) ! ,nickolsdorf h]d2 & al?\gh !   
animals :i* c>ri$ x h n be5 fully trac$1
 !y are believ$ to h be5 own$ by a but*]
 :o _h pur*as$ !m 9 ,comorn1 :]e !      
malady is rag+4 ,s+ul> v>iations h be5  
se5 9 ! symptoms exhibit$1 especially :5
 animals are fir/ affect$4 ,dur+ !      
,nickolsdorf outbreak !re has be5 an    
inv>iable incubation ( five or six days2
 !n furor or delirium appe>s3 ! bullocks
 />e1 ro>1 /amp ) _! feet1 are prep>$ to
 attack p :o approa* !m1 & seem to be   
dizzy at int]vals4 ,!y %iv]1 _! muscles 
twit*1 ! eyes soon beg9 to dis*>ge1 & ! 
mucus :i* fl[s f ! m\? foams4 ,! pulse  
is at fir/ sl[] ?an usual1 until all !  
fev] symptoms appe>4 ,!re is m          
con/ipation ?an di>rhoea1 ?\gh1 on      
exam9ation1 ! muc\s membranes are all   
f\nd to be affect$ precisely 9 ! mann] s
 (t5 obs]v$ 9 ,engl& dur+ ! pres5t      
outbreak4 ,! diff]5ces 9 ! symptoms are 

acc\nt$ = by peculi>ities ( bre$1 !     
condition ( /alls1 ! food ! animals h   
liv$ on1 & simil> circum/ances4 ,we may 
he> m ( ^! ,hung>ian outbreaks1 b !     
*ances are we %all n witness 9 any "p ( 
,au/ria ! :olesale deva/ation n[ go+ on 
9 ,great ,brita94--,int]national        
,vet]9>y ,congress4   ,,note ,g4  ,at   
pres5t ! c[keep]s s5d (f ! infect$ bea/s
 to ! m>ket1 or to "s slaught]-h\se1 :]e
 !y might be kill$4 ,!re 0 believ$ to be
 great dang] 9 all[+ ! infect$ c[s to be
 driv5 ?r\gh ! /reets4 ,if ! good c\ld  
be sep>at$ f ! bad animals1 & if ! latt]
 c\ld be convey$ to sanitoriums1 :]e !  
m$ical m5 c\ld op]ate ^u !m1 !n mu*     
b5efit w\ld result2 & !n1 too1 if !     
animals di$1 !y w\ld be buri$ on ! spot4
 ,all ! pr(essors 7 agre$ 9 ?is1 t if a 
comp5sation fund 7 rais$1 & ! c[keep] 7 
told t he w\ld be remun]at$ = 8 loss1 he
 w\ld at once in=m ! au?orities :5 !    
disease made its appe>ance 9 8 c[%$4 ,%$
 aft] %$ 0 be+ n[ %ut up1 & m5 & wom5 :o
 seem$ to be afflu5t "o day 7 ! next    

r$uc$ to ru94 ,an illu/ration ( ?is w\ld
 suffice4 ,"o day la/ week a c[keep] at 
,pimlico _h #gj or #hj heal?y c[s4 ,on  
,w$nesday ?ree ( !m 7 f\nd dead4 ,on    
,?ursday #db ( !m 7 s5t to ! m>ket4 ,(  
^! #db ?ree %[$ symptoms ( ! disease1 & 
!n ! :ole ( ! #db bea/s _h to be        
slaught]$ because ( ! disease be+ among 
! ?ree4 ,! poor fell[ 0 ?us ru9$4 ,la/  
,monday he s5t n9e m c[s to ! m>ket1 &  
^! also _h to be slaught]$4 ,at pres5t !
 man 0 absolutely out ( 8 m9d4 ,out ( 8 
#gj bea/s1 he _h n "o left4 ,"s p]sons 7
 say+ t ! disease arose f bad wat]1 bad 
v5tilation1 & bad c[%$s2 b 9 ! case (   
,miss ,burdett ,c\tts1 :o _h _h #dj head
 ( cattle1 :i* 7 mo/ c>efully h\s$ &    
att5d$ to--p>ticul>ly f ! mom5t %e he>d 
t ! disease 0 among/ !m--all 7 gone1 ) !
 exception ( "o c[2 s t1 :e!r x 0 a want
 ( wat] or a want ( v5tilation :i* 9 o!r
 cases caus$ x1 ?is 0 an in/ance 9 :i*  
ev]y?+ 0 done t c\ld be done1 & yet !   
plague rag$ & ! mortality ensu$4--,,mr4 
,,gibb9s1 ,meet+ at ! ,mansion ,h\se4   

,,note ,j4  ,ye/]day morn+ ,dr4 ,j>vis1 
m$ical (fic] ( ,/4 ,mat!w's1            
,be?nal-gre51 receiv$ in=mation t ,mr4  
,ca/ell1 an ext5sive purveyor ( milk1 _h
 lo/ eighty-f\r c[s dur+ ! pa/ week4    
,o!r c[keep]s 9 ?is di/rict h also      
exp]i5c$ great losses4 ,! disease has   
manife/$ itself ) m or less virul5ce at 
,/4 ,anne's1 ,limeh\se2 ,/4 ,john1      
,hackney3 ,/4 ,m>y-le-,b[1 ,/4          
,george's-9-!-,ea/1 ,/4 ,john1 ,wapp+2  
,*ri/ ,*ur*1 ,spitalfields2 ,/4         
,leon>d's1 ,%or$it*2 ,/4 ,m>y1          
,:ite*apel2 ,/4 ,paul's1 ,%adwell2 !    
hamlet ( ,ratcliff1 ,/oke ,new+ton1     
,k+sl&1 & ,tott5ham4  ,mr4 ,gibb9s1     
*airman ( ! ,metropolitan ,m>kets       
,committee1 ,mr4 ,rudk91 a memb] ( !    
committee1 ,mr4 ,tegg1 vet]9>y surgeon  
to ! m>ket1 & ,mr4 ,baldry1 cl]k to !   
m>ket1 appli$ to ! sitt+ magi/rate at   
,cl]k5well ,police ,c\rt ye/]day =      
summonses aga9/ c[keep]s = s5d+ diseas$ 
c[s into ! m>ket4 ,dur+ ! c\rse ( !     
pres5t week no less ?an n9ete5 c[s _h   

be5 seiz$ 9 ! m>ket & fairs & condemn$4 
,! ord] 0 ask$ = "u ! #h? section ( !   
rec5t ,ord] 9 ,c\ncil1 :i* recit$ t x   
%all n be lawful to s5d or br+ to any   
fair or m>ket1 or to s5d or c>ry by any 
railway1 or by any %ip or vessel        
coa/wise1 or to place ^u or to drive    
along any highway1 or ! sides !re(1 any 
animal lab\r+ "u disease4 ,! cattle     
seiz$ _h n be5 exam9$ by a ,gov]nm5t    
inspector1 & no c]tificate _h be5 giv5  
to ! own]s t !y 7 fit to be remov$4 ,!  
m>ket au?orities wi%$ x to be kn[n t    
proce$+s w\ld be tak5 9 e case t 0      
br\ght "u _! notice4 ,mr4 ,cooke obs]v$ 
t ! inspectors _h p[] to seize &        
slaught]1 or cause to be slaught]$1 & to
 be buri$ 9 any conv5i5t place1 any     
animal lab\r+ "u ! disease4 ,_h t be5   
done8 ,mr4 ,tegg said t ! animals 7 9 "s
 ( ! cases slaught]$1 & ! o!rs w\ld be  
slaught]$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! day4 ,!         
summonses 7 grant$4  ,ye/]day1 !        
summonses issu$ at ! in/ance ( ,mr4     
,fr$]ick ,?omas ,/anley1 a memb] ( !    

,royal ,college ( ,vet]9>y ,surgeons1 & 
"o ( ! inspectors appo9t$ "u ! ,ord] 9  
,c\ncil1 came on = he>+ be=e ,mr4       
,bur*am1 magi/rate at ! ,s\?w>k police  
c\rt4 ,! summons 9 ! fir/ case 0        
address$ to ,?omas ,m]$i?1 ( ! ,fly+    
,horse-y>d1 ,blackman-/reet1 = t !      
def5dant1 )\t ! lic5ce ( ! said         
inspector1 did unlawfully remove f 8    
premises "s animals lab\r+ "u ! cattle  
disease4 ,mr4 ,sleigh1 in/ruct$ by ,mr4 
,gant1 appe>$ to support ! summons2 &   
,mr4 ,w4 ,edw9 = ! def5dant4 ,evid5ce 0 
giv5 t ! def5dant _h be5 w>n$ t ! c[s 7 
diseas$1 b t he _h remov$ !m not)/&+4 ,!
 fur!r he>+ ( ! case 0 adj\rn$1 z 7 also
 ! o!r summonses ( a l nature4  ,9      
pursuance ( p[]s ve/$ 9 him by ! ,manx  
,legislature1 ! gov]nor ( ! ,isle ( ,man
 has issu$ a proclamation prohibit+ !   
importation ( cattle into ! isl&4 ,t9d] 
! same ,act 8 ,excell5cy has p[] to     
subject all cattle import$ into ! isl&  
to a five days' qu>ant9e4   ,,note ,k4  
,trac+1 z we h done1 ! sale ( infect$   

/ock f abroad z f> back z ! #ai? (      
,june1 we f9d t ea* week t ! disease has
 be5 among/ u a fre% c\nty has be5      
contam9at$2 & m ?an t :5 we consid] t   
,scotl& has n escap$4   ,,note ,l4      
,,scotl&4--,! cattle plague has travell$
 ,nor? to ,ab]de5%ire1 & has kill$ a    
numb] ( animals almo/ simultane\sly on  
?ree f>ms at _m miles di/ance f "o      
ano!r4 ,! own]s ( /ock 9 "o ( !         
di/ricts1 & ! ,royal ,nor!rn            
,agricultural ,association1 are tak+1 or
 resolv+ to take1 %>p & prompt /eps to  
/ay ! progress ( ! disease4 ,! committee
 ( ! association hav+ met on ,friday1   
appo9t$ a committee ( inspection1       
arrang$ = a public meet+ ( p]sons       
int]e/$1 & fav\rably ent]ta9$ ! notion (
 =m+ a fund = mutual insurance aga9/ !  
sacrifices & losses :i* ! ext5sion ( !  
disease might occasion4 ,a meet+ ( !    
,g5]al ,c5tral ,union 0 also held at    
,/irl+ on ,friday1 & a committee 0      
appo9t$ to conf] on ! subject ) !       
directors ( ! ,highl& ,society1 & report

 to ano!r meet+ to be held next         
,friday4-- ,scotsman4  ,! mo/ important 
communication receiv$ to-day is f       
,scotl&4 ,! malady has und\bt$ly brok5  
out ne> ,kelso1 on f\rte5 head ( cattle 
import$ into ,london & s5t nor?4        
,tw5ty-eight animals h be5 seiz$ ) !    
disease at ,woolwi*1 & calves f !       
,london m>ket are said to h tak5 !      
malady d[n to ,hor%am & ,gr9/ead4       
,in=mation has be5 receiv$ conc]n+ !    
sale ( at lea/ fifty-f\r diseas$ &      
infect$ animals 9 ! ,metropolitan       
,cattle ,m>ket ! #crd in/ant4   ,,note  
,m4  ,mr4 ,*>les ,pant] has1 at ! reque/
 ( ,e>l ,granville1 drawn up a /atem5t  
relative to ! heal? ( ! c[s on a f>m    
hir$ by 8 lord%ip at ,gold]'s-gre51 on !
 ,f9*ley-road4 ,9 publi%+ ! /atem5t1    
,e>l ,granville says3 ,:5 ,i left       
,engl&1 a mon? ago1 !re 7 ab\t #acj mil*
 c[s 9 f\r %$s4 ,9 ! two l>ge/ & be/    
manag$ ,i f\nd only "o c[ ye/]day       
7,sept4 #d74 ,8 ,royal ,highness ! ,duke
 ( ,coburg in=m$ me la/ week t :at he   

believ$ to be ! same disease visit$     
,coburg la/ ye>4 ,no "o c\ld trace its  
orig91 & no m$ical treatm5t 0           
successful4 ,air & wat] 7 _! only       
rem$ies4 ,"s m5 _h di$ f eat+ ! meat    
kill$ at a p>ticul> /age ( ! disease4 ,8
 ,royal ,highness _h se5 a horse die 9  
f\r h\rs1 kill$ by flies :i* came f !   
c>case ( a c[ :i* _h be5 all[$ to rema9 
above gr\nd4 ,! disease disappe>$ 9 !   
autumn z my/]i\sly z x _h come4 ,i      
und]/& t ,pr(essor ,simonds is ( op9ion 
t ! disease m5tion$ by ! ,duke ( ,coburg
 is n ! same z t f :i* we are suff]+    
"h--t its "n is ! ,sib]ian ,pe/4 ,mr4   
,pant]'s /atem5t is dat$ ,sept4 #d1 & is
 z foll[s3--,on ! #ac? ( ,july ,i       
pur*as$ five ,dut* c[s 9 ! ,metropolitan
 ,m>ket1 & plac$ !m 9 qu>ant9e at       
,*ild's-hill ,f>m1 "o mile f "h4 ,on !  
#bbnd ( ,july "o ( !m %[$ signs (       
debility2 di>rhoea foll[$4 ,?9k+ x 0    
only a cold1 %e 0 treat$ accord+ly1 b   
cont9u$ to get worse1 & di$ 9 five days4
 ,two m 7 attack$ 9 a simil> way1 :5    

vet]9>y advice 0 call$ 91 b 9 five days 
! :ole ei!r di$ or 7 slaught]$4 ,e      
precaution 0 us$ to prev5t ! spread (   
infection "h2 ! m5 :o att5d$ ! sick     
cattle 7 n all[$ to g among ! heal?y    
ones1 & vice v]s4 ,b1 previ\s to ?is1   
be>+ ( ! disease 9 ! ,london c[%$s1 ,i  
adopt$ precaution>y measures1 su* z a   
lib]al use daily ( *loride ( lime1      
adm9i/]$ "o ounce ( nitre 9 half a p9t (
 wat] to ea* c[1 & a small quantity (   
t>1 & pa9t$ _! noses ) t>4 ,b on ! #h? (
 ,augu/1 un=tunately1 ! disease %[$     
itself "h 9 a fat c[ t _h be5 = t5 mon?s
 9 ! be/ built1 be/ dra9$ & v5tilat$ %$4
 ,no new /ock _h be5 add$ = n9e weeks4  
,9 a few h\rs f\r m c[s %[$ symptoms (  
x4 ,i imm$iately _h !m all remov$ &     
slaught]$1 & made a po/-mortem          
exam9ation ( !m1 & f\nd ! w9dpipe 9 a   
/ate ( decomposition1 ! lungs inflat$1 !
 small inte/9es r$ & inflam$1 & ! meat (
 a d>k yell[ col\r outside1 & d>k r$    
inside1 :i* ,i ?9k unfit = human food   
aft] ! fir/ /age4 ,! disease conf9$     

itself to ! above %$ ( =ty-eight c[s    
7:i* are n[ all gone7 till ! #bj? (     
,augu/1 :5 x broke out 9 ano!r %$ (     
?irty-five c[s1 "s t5 y>ds f ! =m] "o1 &
 cont9u$ its ravages1 tak+ f two to f\r 
c[s daily1 till !y are all gone b two1  
"o ( :i* has n be5 attack$2 ! o!r1 :i* 0
 a bad case1 is cur$1 & p>tly come to h]
 milk aga94 ,on ! fir/ symptoms ,i _h h]
 sep>at$ f ! o!r /ock1 & did n treat h] 
= two days1 :5 di>rhoea set 92 ,i !n    
gave h] a bottle ( br&y & f\r ounces (  
gr\nd g+] 9 ?ree qu>ts ( old ale4 ,%e   
lay 9 a k9d ( /upor = twelve h\rs1 :5 ,i
 c\ld see a *ange 9 h] = ! bett]4 ,i    
cont9u$ to give h] daily f\r qu>ts (    
gruel made ) old ale & two ounces ( g+]4
 ,9 f\r days %e 0 suffici5tly recov]$ to
 eat a little hay1 c41 & d )\t fur!r    
treatm5t4 ,9 ano!r case ! above treatm5t
 fail$1 & ! animal di$ 9 ?ree days4 ,9  
o!r cases ,i all[$ anyone to treat !m :o
 ?\ght !y _h a rem$y1 bo? pr(essional m5
 & o!rs4 ,"o p]sev]+ "y vet]9>y surgeon 
came up out ( ,som]set%ire & treat$ two 

cases mo/ en]getically1 b fail$ 9 bo?2  
"o di$ 9 f\r1 & ! o!r 9 eight days4 ,9  
o!r cases tonics1 /imulants1 bli/]s1 &  
setons h be5 tri$1 b all fail$4 ,! :ole 
( ! eighty-"o c[s lo/ 7 ( ! ,engli%     
bre$2 we h n z yet _h any loss out ( !  
o!r two %$s1 consi/+ ( ab\t half ,engli%
 & half ,dut* c[s1 & /&+ ab\t =ty y>ds f
 ! infect$ %$4 ,x may be int]e/+ = y\r  
lord%ip to "k t ,i _h ! %$ at           
,*ild's-hill ,f>m imm$iately cleans$ )  
dis9fectants1 & wa%$ ) hot lime1 c41 &  
b\ght twelve fre% c[s & plac$ !m !re on 
! #af?1 :i* are n[ 9 p]fect heal?2 & a  
neighb\r situat$ midway betwe5 "h & t   
f>m _h tw5ty-?ree c[s ly+ 9 a field2 !  
plague took tw5ty ( !m1 & 9 ?ree weeks  
he replac$ !m ) new /ock1 :i* are /ill  
heal?y1 he hav+ _h !m a mon?4 ,ano!r    
neighb\r1 a mile di/ant1 _h a f9e h]d ( 
sev5ty-two c[s 7,engli%7 ly+ 9 ! fields 
a =tnight ago4 ,! plague broke out among
 !m1 & n[ he has only eight left 9      
heal?4 ,f my own exp]i5ce1 & f all ,i c 
le>n1 ,i believe ! disease is           

atmosph]ic1 & ( a typhoid "*4 ,! fir/   
symptom 9 a milk+ c[ is an almo/ entire 
loss ( milk1 !n loss ( appetite1 a wat]y
 dis*>ge f ! eyes1 no/rils1 & m\?1 :i*  
?ick5s z ! disease develops itself2     
rum9ation ceases1 h] e>s hang d[n1 h]   
eyes are heavy & sunk51 bloody matt] is 
se5 9 ! excrem5t1 great debility is se51
 di>rhoea sets 91 & dea? takes place 9 f
 ?ree to n9e days4 ,i h read ( iron wat]
 be+ a prev5tive ( ! disease4 ,all !    
wat] y\r c[s h drunk comes six miles    
?r\gh ru/y iron pipes4   ,,note ,n4  ,,!
 ,,cattle ,,murra9 ,,at ,,holly         
,,lodge4--,on ! #bg? ( ,june an ,ald]ney
 bull 0 pur*as$ at ,bu%ey1 ne> ,wat=d1 &
 plac$ ) ! re/ ( ! h]d1 !n consi/+ (    
elev5 c[s1 five suck+ calves1 ?ree ye>l+
 heif]s1 & "o bull4 ,! bull _h be5      
import$ f ,ald]ney = sev]al mon?s4 ,ab\t
 a mon? aft]--namely1 on ! #bi? (       
,july--a c[ 9 calf 0 attack$ ) unusual  
symptoms4 ,%e 0 sep>at$ f ! re/2 n\ri%+ 
dr9ks 7 adm9i/]$2 b hav+ calv$1 %e di$  
=ty-eight h\rs aft] ! fir/ symptoms 7   

obs]v$4 ,?is l$ to ! belief t %e di$ ( !
 disease :i* !n began to prevail4 ,?is  
c[ _h be5 pa/ur$ ) ! o!rs 9 a field     
occasionally us$ = graz+ %eep t 7 tak5  
to ! ,metropolitan ,cattle-m>ket1 &1 if 
n sold1 br\ght back aga9 until ! next   
m>ket day2 ! %eep 7 sep>at$ f ! c[s by  
iron hurdles4 ,! ,holly ,lodge ,e/ate is
 p>tly b\nd$ on ! ea/ by ! r\te tak5 by 
drov]s ) =eign & o!r cattle to & f !    
m>ket1 "s ( :i* are also occasionally   
br\ght back to neighb\r+ fields4 ,! high
 road =ms ! we/]n b\nd>y )9 a few y>ds (
 ! cattle-%$s & pa/ures4 ,^! facts are  
/at$ to %[ t ! contagion might h be5    
easily communicat$ to ! animals4 ,a few 
days lat] ?ree calves 7 attack$ ) cold  
%iv]+ & twit*+ ( ! muscles4 ,! previ\s  
nights hav+ become sudd5ly & unusually  
cold & wet1 ! symptoms 7 at fir/        
attribut$ to t cause4 ,al?\gh ^! calves 
_h be5 pa/ur$ q ap>t f ! c[ :i* fir/    
di$1 ! c[ _h be5 driv5 across ! field   
:]e ! calves lay to ! %$ 9 :i* x di$1 ! 
calves hav+ be5 plac$ 9 ! next %$1 :]e  

two ( !m di$ on ! #f? ( ,augu/1         
unmi/akeably ( ! cattle plague4 ,! ?ird 
calf 0 s5t to ! ,royal ,vet]9>y         
,college1 :]e x also di$4 ,by ! #i? (   
,augu/ f\r c[s & ! bull 7 seiz$ ) !     
disease s virul5tly t x 0 ?\ght necess>y
 to kill !m aft] ?ree days' illness4 ,on
 ! #ab? a c[ & a heif] 7 also de/roy$1 &
 on ! #ad? "o ( ! suck+ calves di$4     
,?us1 out ( a h]d ( n9ete5 animals1     
twelve _h di$ )9 a =tnight4 ,! malady _h
 tak5 s /rong & sudd5 a hold ^u !m t no 
sy/ematic means ( rem$y c\ld be appli$  
except sep>ation1 w>m?1 /imulants1 & !  
m$ic9es ord9>ily giv5 9 cases ( cold &  
fev]4 ,on ! #ac? ( ,augu/ two m c[s 7   
pron\nc$ incurable by two ( ! vet]9>y   
surgeons :o _h be5 call$ 92 b x 0       
det]m9$1 ^u fur!r advice1 to try a mode 
( treatm5t ^u !m n hi!rto adopt$4 ,"o   
dra*m ( calomel 0 adm9i/]$ 9 gruel1 f\r 
h\rs aft]w>ds "o p9t ( ca/or oil1 & ?ree
 h\rs lat] "o qu>t ( yea/4 ,ab\t two    
qu>ts ( w>m port] 7 add$ to a gruel (   
yea/ & oatmeal1 & giv5 at int]vals4 ,^! 

rem$ies act$ mo/ effici5tly1 & 9 "o case
 gave mu* enc\ragem5t4 ,! next day ! c[ 
began to eat hay1 to *ew h] cud1 & to   
yield a good quantity ( milk4 ,^!       
rem$ies1 toge!r ) bi-sulphate ( soda1   
:i* inv>iably produc$ a return ( ! milk1
 & qu99e1 7 !n tri$ ^u f\r o!r pati5ts1 
) v>i$ success4 ,b 9 ! end all ^! c[s   
di$1 n1 x is believ$1 ( ! cattle murra91
 b ( exhau/ion occasion$ by ! activity (
 ! drugs adm9i/]$ to !m4 ,?is belief 0  
/r5g!n$ by ! heal?y appe>ance pres5t$ by
 ! visc]a ( ! fir/ c[ ?us exp]im5t$ ^u1 
on its be+ p>tially dissect$ aft] dea?4 
,! rema9+ c[ ?us treat$ is /ill alive4  
,x is impossible to avoid believ+ t _h !
 m$ical man :o k9dly gave 8 att5tion to 
^! animals1 be5 bett] acqua9t$ ) !      
con/itution ( ! creature1 or _h ^? :o   
t5d$ !m _h any k ( m$ic9e1 ?ree ( ! c[s 
treat$ 9 ?is mann] might & probably w\ld
 h recov]$2 & ev5 :5 ! animals succumb$ 
! consequ5ces 7 less s]i\s1 ! virul5ce (
 ! poison be+ expell$--at lea/ x 0      
undisc]nible to ^? :o dissect$ !m4 ,dur+

 ! =tnight t ! murra9 0 rag+1 "o c[ 9   
calf & "o calf rema9$ p]fectly heal?y1  
app>5tly1 until bo? 7 seiz$ )9 a day (  
ea* o!r2 ^! _h always be5 kept sep>ate f
 ! sick animals1 & t5d$ by o!r m54 ,!   
calf di$1 & ! c[ 0 de/roy$1 9 consequ5ce
 ( ! symptoms be+ s viol5t4 ,9 ?is case 
v little calomel 0 giv54 ,z x may be z  
well to m5tion all p>ticul>s1 x may be  
/at$ "h t ! m5 :o t5d$ ! animals 7      
provid$ ) a dress1 & t x 0 f\nd         
desirable t a c]ta9 quantity (          
/imulants--br&y1 c(fee1 & /rong         
s\p--%\ld be giv5 to prev5t nausea & o!r
 uncom=table feel+s f :i* ! m5 suff]$4  
,all ! directions respect+ ! bury+ ( !  
animals issu$ by ! ,privy ,c\ncil h be5 
/rictly compli$ )2 clo!s1 c41 h be5     
burnt1 *loride ( lime 7,macd\gall's     
dis9fectant7 0 us$ ) o!rs to de/roy     
insects & flies1 ) abundance (          
:ite-wa%+4 ,! m5 7 recomm5d$ to use1 z a
 wa% = ! m\?1 manganate ( pota%4 ,! fir/
 crop ( grass 9 ! field :]e ! cattle lay
 be=e _! sickness1 & dur+ x1 has be5    

de/roy$ also2 & x is int5d$ to use "s   
dis9fectant1 su* z *>coal or lime1 to   
spread ov] ! field4 ,miss ,b4 ,c4 feels 
s p]suad$ t "s mode ( treatm5t c\ld be  
f\nd to alleviate1 if n to save life1 t 
%e has det]m9$ to employ a m$ical       
g5tleman1 :o k9dly (f]s 8 s]vices1 & to 
take also ! advice ( a good c[ or       
vet]9>y surgeon1 & to try ! effects (   
v>i\s rem$ies 9 "s ( ! c[%$s :]e p]sons 
w be glad to let su* exp]im5ts be tri$2 
& x is also h] int5tion to ask ! ,privy 
,c\ncil to all[ "o ( ! ,gov]nm5t        
,inspectors to assi/ & report ^u !      
cases4 ,x may n be altoge!r unimportant 
to add t ! /ate ( ! atmosph]e seem$ to h
 "s effect ^u ! heal? ( ! animals1 z ^u 
^? occasions ! symptoms 7 mo/ sev]e dur+
 ! ?und]-/orms :i* !n occurr$4 ,! milk  
:i* return$ 0 f\nd to be r wat]y1 & !   
cream _h a peculi> appe>ance4 ,at fir/ !
 pigs decl9$ x1 & x 0 n ?\ght advisable 
to cont9ue to give x at all to any      
animals = ab\t a week4 ,x is n[ p]fectly
 good4   ,,note ,o4  ,advices f ,holl&1 

dat$ ! ,hague1 ,sept4 #f1 /ate3 ,!      
cattle disease has n[ be5 obs]v$ 9 !    
p>i%es ( ,ke!l1 ,delf%av51 ,moordre*t1  
,ua>d+51 ,av]s*ie1 ,kval+51 ,nieuw]k]k  
on ! ,issel 7two h\rs f ,rott]dam71     
,spyk5isse1 ,s*i$am1 ,h]rjansdam1       
,maasl&1 ,sommelsdyk1 & ,zev5huis54 ,x  
has spread mo/ at ,ke!l1 :]e x fir/     
broke out among a c>go ( cattle n       
admitt$ into ,engl&4 ,9 ! o!r p>i%es "s 
sixty animals 7 infect$ on ! #a/ in/4 ,!
 po/-mortem exam9ation ( ! diseas$ bea/s
 pres5ts ! abnormal appe>ances t h be5  
f\nd 9 ! disease else:]e1 i4e41 swoll5  
muc\s membranes ) r$ spots1 peculi>     
exudations 9 ! f\r? /oma* & inte/9es1 c4
 ,! m$ical commission decl>es ! malady  
to be ! typhus contagiosus bovum ( mod]n
 vet]9>y surg]y1 & recomm5ds t infect$  
animals %\ld be treat$ ) f ?ree to f\r  
dra*ms ( muriatic acid1 mix$ ) six      
ounces ( treacle & decoction ( l9se$4   
,decoctions ( ,p]uvian b>k & osi]       
peel+s1 ) sulphuric e!r1 are also said  
to be b5eficial to weak animals4 ,!     

avoidance ( all contact ( ! cattle-t5d]s
 ) infect$ bea/s is especially enjo9$1 &
 v5tilation & cleanl9ess ( ! /alls      
/rongly recomm5d$4 ,cattle m>kets &     
fairs are susp5d$ until fur!r ord]s1 &  
extraord9>y measures = dis9fection are  
appli$ ^u /eamboats & railways4   ,,note
 ,p4  ,! foll[+ docum5t has be5 receiv$ 
at ! ,=eign ,(fice f h] ,maje/y's ,ag5t 
& ,consul-,g5]al at ,bu*>e/3--          
7,translation f ! ,(ficial ,monitoral1  
,no4 #agc1 ,augu/ #h-bj1 #ahfe47        
,,g5]al ,,direction ,,( ,,! ,,sanit>y   
,,s]vice4  ,f ! #a/ to ! #ae? ,july a   
typhus epizooty broke out among ! l>ge  
horn$ cattle 9 ! di/ricts ( ,ilfov1     
,jassy1 ,bolgrad1 ,falc91 ,buzeo1 &     
,roman1 :i* /ill cont9ues1 b is on !    
decrease4 ,! ,direction1 9 consequ5ce1  
publi%es ! above = ! in=mation ( ^?     
conc]n$4    ,! ,director-,g5]al1        
7,sign$7        ,d4 ,,glu*4    ,aug4    
#b-ad1 #ahfe4   ,,note ,r4  ,augu/ #ad4 
,,! ,,"q ,,( ,,infection4--,ye/]day     
aft]noon ,mr4 ,alfr$ ,ebswor?1 ( #aa1   

,tr9ity-/reet1 ,s\?w>k1 ! m$ical (fic] (
 heal? = ! p>i% ( ,/4 ,m>y1 ,new+ton1   
att5d$ be=e ! sitt+ magi/rate to make a 
/atem5t ) reg>d to ! condition ( ! p>i% 
f ! influx ( diseas$ cattle1 & ! mann] 9
 :i* !y 7 dispos$ (4 ,address+ !        
magi/rate 7,mr4 ,burnham7 ,mr4 ,ebswor? 
said t on t morn+ he1 9 8 capacity (    
m$ical (fic] ( heal? = ! p>i% ( ,/4     
,m>y1 ,new+ton1 receiv$ an ord] to att5d
 pr(essionally a man :o 0 s]i\sly ill 9 
,k5t-/reet1 )9 ! p>i%4 ,:ile pay+ !     
visit to ! pati5t 8 att5tion _h be5     
drawn to ! condition ( a slaught]-h\se  
on ! o!r side ( ! /reet1 :]e x 0 report$
 to him !re 7 fifte5 c[s :i* _h be5     
ord]$ by ! ,gov]nm5t (fic] to be de/roy$
 at ! ,bricklay]s' ,arms ,/ation1 & !n  
to be buri$4 ,! animals 7 accord+ly     
de/roy$ by ! m5 9 ! employ ( ,mr4       
,george ,ni*olls1 ! proprietor ( ! y>d 9
 "q2 & f ,mr4 ,ni*olls he _h le>n$ t1   
in/ead ( ! c>cases ( ! animals be+      
buri$1 !y 7 c>t$ ?r\gh ! p>i% ( ,/4     
,george's to ,mit*am1 :]e !y 7 boil$    

d[n1 & br\ght back ?r\gh ! p>i% ( ,/4   
,m>y1 ,new+ton1 9 ! %ape ( cats'-meat4  
,he 7,mr4 ,ebswor?7 felt x 8 duty to    
come be=e ! magi/rate ) ?is compla9t1   
especially :5 ! cattle plague 0 s       
preval5t4 ,he _h a "r to inquire ^u :at 
gr\nds ! c>cases _h n be5 dispos$ ( on !
 spot :]e !y _h be5 slaught]$1 in/ead ( 
be+ c>t$ ?r\gh ! p>i% he repres5t$1 9 a 
way calculat$ to spread ! infection4 ,he
 c\ld n b reg>d ?is z a mo/ iniquit\s   
proce$+1 & he att5d$ ) a view to prev5t 
a repetition ( ! practice4 ,mr4 ,fr$]ick
 ,t4 ,/anley pres5t$ himself1 & said t  
he 0 a memb] ( ! ,royal ,college (      
,vet]9>y ,surgeons4 ,he _h be5 appo9t$  
an inspector ( cattle "u ! ord]s issu$  
by ! ,privy ,c\ncil4 ,)9 ! di/rict !re 7
 no means ( bury+ ! c>cases ( ! diseas$ 
& condemn$ animals1 & 9 ! in/ance ref]r$
 to !y c\ld n h be5 buri$ 9 ! c[%$4 ,x 0
 impossible to bury ! c>cases 9 !       
,london di/ricts1 & h5ce !y 7 s5t to !  
knack]'s y>d1 :]e x 0 suppos$ !y w\ld be
 dispos$ (4 ,mr4 ,ebswor?3 ,& t1 y\r    

wor%ip1 is :at ,i compla9 (4 ,mr4       
,bur*am3 ,y ?9k t ! practice to :i* y h 
call$ my att5tion is calculat$ to       
propagate ! ext5sion ( ! disease4 ,mr4  
,/anley decl>$ t ! sk9s 7 dis9fect$ "u 8
 especial ord]s4 ,mr4 ,bur*am rem>k$ t !
 animals _h be5 tak5 to ! slaught]-h\se1
 n = ! purpose ( be+ kill$ & buri$1 b t 
_! sk9s %\ld be tak5 (f & dis9fect$4 ,:y
 %\ld !y h be5 tak5 to ,mit*am8 ,mr4    
,/anley /at$ t ! disease c\ld n be      
communicat$ f a dead animal1 & x 0      
convey$ only by inoculation1 or ?r\gh ! 
brea? ( a liv+ animal ^u ! dead body ( a
 diseas$ ox4 ,mr4 ,bur*am3 ,i d n agree 
) y 9 t op9ion4 ,i believe t infection  
may be convey$ by a dead animal4 ,mr4   
,ebswor? said t su* 0 8 op9ion1 &1 hav+ 
reg>d to #bh1jjj pati5ts 9 ! p>i%1 he _h
 felt x 8 b\nd5 duty to come =w>d to    
make ?is compla9t4 ,he ?\ght su* ?+s    
ought n to occur4 ,mr4 ,bur*am 0 ( !    
same op9ion1 & t su* a commodity ought n
 to be all[$ to be convey$ ?r\gh !      
public /reets 9 op5 c>ts4 ,j be=e !     

magi/rate 0 ab\t to rise1 ,mr4 ,/anley  
introduc$ to 8 wor%ip ,pr(essor         
,simonds1 & a long colloquy 79 private7 
ensu$ betwe5 !m4 ,at its close ,pr(essor
 ,simonds retir$1 & ,mr4 ,bur*am said3  
,i wi% to /ate t ,i want$ to be satisfi$
 t ev]y?+ 0 done by ,mr4 ,/anley t c\ld 
be done "u ! circum/ances by :i* he 0   
surr\nd$1 9 ! mid/ ( great difficulty4  
,i h _h an int]view ) ,pr(essor         
,simonds1 & he in=ms me t !re are !     
greate/ difficulties1 if n              
impossibilities1 9 f9d+ any places ne>  
,london 9 :i* ! dead c>cases ( diseas$  
animals c be buri$4 ,9 ! case n[ be=e me
 ^! animals 7 slaught]$ at !            
,bricklay]s' ,arms ,/ation1 & 7 !n tak5 
to ! slaught]-h\se 9 ,k5t-/reet1 "u !   
notion t ! own] ( ! slaught]-h\se _h !  
means ( boil+ !m d[n4 ,x appe>s t he _h 
no su* app>atus1 & h5ce he f\nd x       
necess>y to s5d ! c>cases to ,mit*am1 ! 
ne>e/ place at :i* he believ$ ! c>cases 
c\ld be buri$ & dispos$ (1 & !          
neighb\rhood !reby dis9fect$4 ,pr(essor 

,simonds is p]fectly sure t ?is meat :5 
boil$ d[n _c by any probability cause ! 
infection to spread4 ,x 0 possible1 b n 
probable1 t infection might be introduc$
 by ! c>cases ( ! diseas$ animals on _! 
way to ! place :]e !y _h to be boil$    
d[n2 b x appe>s to me1 f :at ,i h j     
he>d1 t e precaution has be5 tak5 to    
prev5t su* an occurr5ce4 ,x seems t !   
au?orities _c f9d a place )9 a          
reasonable di/ance 9 :i* ! c>cases c be 
buri$1 &1 !re=e1 !y are oblig$ to h     
rec\rse to boil+ !m d[n1 z ! only       
alt]native4 ,x is "r t ,i %\ld add t !  
conduct ( ,mr4 ,/anley1 ! inspector1 has
 be5 q 9 con=mity ) ! directions he has 
receiv$1 n only "u ! ,ord]s 9 ,c\ncil1 b
 also sanction$ 9 my pres5ce to-day by  
,pr(essor ,simonds4 ,i tru/ t ?is       
/atem5t w remove f ! m9d ( ,mr4 ,/anley 
any unfav\rable impression he may h     
ent]ta9$2 & ,i w only add my op9ion1 t !
 diseas$ cattle ought to be remov$ ?r\gh
 ^! popul\s di/ricts 9 clos$ & n 9 op5  
c>ts4 ,! conv]sation !n clos$1 & at an  

unusually late h\r ! c\rt adj\rn$4      
,,diseas$ ,,meat4--,at ! ,?ames ,police 
,c\rt ye/]day ,h5ry ,fro/1 an old man1 0
 *>g$ ) hav+ all[$ to be deposit$ on !  
premises occupi$ by him 9 ! re> ( !     
h\se1 ,no4 #ac1 ,sidney-/reet1 ,/epney1 
f\r qu>t]s ( beef prep>$ = sale & int5d$
 = ! food ( man1 b :i* 0 unfit = human  
food4 ,fro/ c>ri$ on ! bus9ess ( a      
gre5groc]4 ,he ass]t$ t he let ! place  
to o!r m51 :o 7 ! actual (f5d]s4 ,x 0   
intimat$ t ! ve/ry _h no disposition to 
press = a heavy p5alty4 ,mr4 ,paget f9$ 
! prison] #djs4 ,at ,cl]k5well1 ,mr4    
,tegg1 inspector at ! ,metropolitan     
,cattle ,m>ket = ! ,city au?orities     
appli$ to ,mr4 ,d',eync\rt = an ord] to 
de/roy a quantity ( diseas$ meat :i* he 
purpos$ seiz+4 ,mr4 ,d',eync\rt said !  
meat mu/ be actually seiz$ & condemn$ ^u
 evid5ce be=e he c\ld make ! ord]4 ,9 ! 
matt] ( ! seizure ( #cb qu>t]s ( beef1  
weigh+ ab\t #cjjj lbs41 :i* 0 f\nd on ! 
premises ( a knack] 9 ,pleasant-grove1  
,belle-isle1 ,mr4 ,d',eync\rt dismiss$  

an application made aga9/ ! def5dant "u 
! ,nuisances ,removal ,act4 ,! def5ce   
set up 0 t ! meat 0 recognis$ z bad &   
diseas$ by ! kill] z soon z ! animals 7 
slaught]$4   ,,note ,s4  ,! ,ord]s 9    
,c\ncil seem$ only to complicate !      
matt]1 & h[ effectually to combat ! evil
 0 a mo/ difficult "q4 ,"s said ! gr&   
rem$y 0 ! knife1 & o!rs sugge/$ t !     
diseas$ animals %\ld be s5t to a        
sanatorium4 ,to de/roy ! diseas$ cattle 
0 impossible1 except ! own] ( !m or !   
inspector w5t r\nd & obta9$ an ord] f a 
magi/rate = _! de/ruction4 ,! la/ meet+ 
0 adj\rn$1 among o!r purposes1 9 ord] t 
! committee might take ! op9ion ( ! law 
(fic]s ^u ! subject4 ,x s happ5$1 h[ev]1
 t mo/ ( ! law (fic]s ( ! ,corporation 7
 at pres5t out ( t[n4 ,=tunately !      
,common ,s]jeant 0 f\nd1 & he gave an   
op9ion :i* confirm$ ! committee 9 _!    
view t !y _h no p[] to kill1 & no p[] to
 d any?+ except 9 ! matt] ( isolation4  
,!n ! committee pass$ a resolution t    
ano!r committee ought to be =m$ to raise

 ! necess>y funds = comp5sat+ !         
cattle-own]s1 & to see t ^? funds 7     
prop]ly appli$1 = ! money 0 only int5d$ 
to apply to ! cattle plague1 & 0 n meant
 to g 9 ! %ape ( comp5sation =          
pleuro-pneumonia1 or = ! foot diseases4 
,9 o!r words1 !y 7 n[ legislat+ = !     
cattle plague or ,r9d]pe/ only4 ,he     
resid$ at ,dulwi*1 & he f\nd t 9 !      
villages adjo9+ !re 7 _m c[s1 & nev] 9 8
 life _h he se5 f9] c[s4 ,n "o ( !m _h  
be5 affect$ by ! disease4 ,!re 0 a      
c[keep] at ,peckham :o _h #bjj c[s1 &   
all ( !m 7 9 ! mo/ heal?y /ate4 ,at     
,brixton ,hill a man _h #cj c[s 9 ! same
 excell5t condition4 ,at ,dulwi* ne>ly  
all ! c[s 7 diseas$1 b !re ! %$ & o!r   
accommodation 0 exce$+ly bad4 ,9 p>ts ( 
,peckham ,rye "s ( ! c[keep]s _h lo/ _! 
cattle1 b !re aga9 ! places 7 badly     
v5tilat$1 & ! c[s 7 badly c>$ =4 ,he    
believ$ t ! disease might be prev5t$ by 
! use ( prop] precautions on ! "p ( ^?  
:o _h ! greate/ int]e/ 9 keep+ _! c[s 9 
a heal?y /ate4 ,he believ$1 too1 t ?is  

"q affect$ ! :ole ( ! metropolitan      
di/rict q z mu* z x did ! ,city itself4 
,!re 7 no few] ?an #ajf head ( diseas$  
cattle lately seiz$2 b1 z he said be=e1 
!y c\ld n be kill$ )\t an ord] f a      
magi/rate1 & a magi/rate w\ld naturally 
feel a difficulty 9 issu+ an ord] to    
kill s _m z #ajf head4 ,x 0 necess>y1 "u
 su* circum/ances1 t a deputation %\ld  
wait ^u ! ,home ,secret>y & ask him to  
provide a rem$y1 & tell ! au?orities :at
 !y 7 to d at su* a crisis4 ,if1 z x n[ 
appe>$1 ! inspectors & ! m>kets'        
committee _h be5 slaught]+ bea/s )\t    
au?ority1 :o 0 to pay ! co/s %\ld       
proce$+s aga9/ !m be comm5c$8 ,pr(essor 
,simonds seem$ to ?9k t next session a  
bill ( indemnity w\ld be introduc$1 &   
c]ta9ly some?+ ( ?is k9d 0 r5d]$        
necess>y1 = cattle 7 n[ com+ "h :i* 7   
consign$ to ,a41 ,b41 & ,c41 & !n !     
own]s c\ld n be f\nd1 & )\t ! cons5t ( !
 own]s ! diseas$ bea/s c\ld n be kill$4 
,! next subject 9 ! report _h ref]5ce to
 slaught]-h\ses4 ,z !re 7 no places at  

pres5t to :i* cattle 9 an incipi5t /age 
( ! disease c\ld be remov$ f ! %$s 9 :i*
 !y 7 plac$ along ) unta9t$ cattle1 x 0 
n[ propos$ t slaught]-h\ses %\ld be     
e/abli%$ 9 ,london = _! reception4 ,!n  
came ! "q1 h[ 7 ! bea/s to be remov$ f !
 %$s to ! slaught]-h\ses8 ,x 0 ! op9ion 
( _m t !y ought to be remov$ 9 vans1 & n
 driv5 ?r\gh ! /reets2 b1 h[ev] t might 
be1 slaught]-h\ses %\ld be erect$ 9 !   
metropolis :]e ! ta9t$ animals might be 
kill$4 ,!n came ! "q1 h[ 0 an animal to 
be dealt ) :5 fir/ /rick5 ) ! disease8  
,x 0 sugge/$ t hospitals or sanatoriums 
%\ld be provid$1 to :i* ! bea/s %\ld be 
s5t4 ,b ?is 0 a matt] ( great           
importance1 to :i* ! att5tion ( !       
committee to be appo9t$ & t ( ! m$ical  
m5 w\ld h to be direct$4 ,if ! plague   
w5t on x w\ld affect all classes1 ri* & 
poor alike1 & in/ead ( meat be+ z n[ at 
a reasonable rate1 x w\ld g up #d;d4 or 
#f;d4 p] p\nd2 b he _h hopes t ! disease
 might be *eck$1 p>ticul>ly z ,pr(essors
 ,simonds & ,gamgee _h be5 m successful 

9 ! treatm5t ( x ?an !y _h previ\sly    
be54   ,,note ,t4  ,augu/ #ca4          
,,deputation ,,to ,,! ,,home            
,,(fice4--,ye/]day aft]noon ! ,"l ,mayor
 proce$$ f ! ,mansion ,h\se to ! ,home  
,(fice1 & _h an int]view ) ,mr4         
,wadd+ton on ! subject ( ! cattle       
plague1 & ! desirability ( e/abli%+     
hospitals or sanatoriums )9 !           
metropolitan di/ricts = ! reception &   
m$ical treatm5t ( diseas$ cattle4 ,8    
lord%ip 0 accompani$ on ! occasion by ! 
foll[+ deputation f ! ,m>kets & ,cattle 
,plague ,committees3--,mr4 ,gibb9s      
7,*airman ( ! ,m>kets ,committee71 ,mr4 
,webb]1 ,mr4 ,g[]1 ,mr4 ,brew/]1 ,mr4   
,rudk91 & ,dr4 ,j>vis 7! ,m$ical ,(fic] 
( ,heal? = ,be?nal-gre574 ,sir ,george  
,grey hav+ left ,london = ,fallod54  ,! 
,"l ,mayor introduc$ ! deputation to    
,mr4 ,wadd+ton1 & 9 do+ s1 said t _!    
object 0 to obta9 ! sanction ( ,gov]nm5t
 to ! e/abli%m5t ( hospitals or         
sanatoriums )9 ! metropolitan di/ricts1 
to :i* diseas$ cattle c\ld be convey$ f 

! c[%$s 9 ord] t !y might !re receive   
m$ical treatm5t1 & be1 if possible1     
re/or$ to heal?4 ,he obs]v$ t simil>    
e/abli%m5ts _h be5 =m$ at ,ed9burgh &   
o!r l>ge t[ns1 & t !y _h be5 f\nd to "w 
mo/ satisfactorily1 n only 9 sep>at+ !  
diseas$ cattle f ^? :i* 7 non-diseas$1 b
 9 af=d+ facilities to ! m$ical         
pr(ession to ex]cise _! skill & k "u    
circum/ances m fav\rable to a fair trial
 ( bo? ?an !y c\ld expect to f9d 9 cr[d$
 c[%$s1 _m ( :i* 7 9 a fil?y condition &
 badly v5tilat$4 ,he po9t$ out !        
progress ! plague _h made1 & 0 /ill     
mak+1 9 ! metropolis1 & h[ its effects  
^u ! high price ( meat & milk 7 affect+ 
all classes ( ! community4 ,!           
difficulties1 he said1 ( adequately     
meet+ ! necessities ( ! case 7 at pres5t
 v great1 & "s ( ^! consi/$ 9 ! alleg$  
illegality ( slaught]+ diseas$ animals  
)\t an ord] f a magi/rate1 & also !     
illegality ( remov+ ^? diseas$ f ! c[%$s
 to ! hospitals1 suppos+ ! latt] to     
exi/4 ,b he hop$ ! ,gov]nm5t1 :o _h no  

d\bt well consid]$ a subject ( su* va/  
importance1 w\ld spe$ily d away ) ^?    
difficulties1 & r5d] ! fulle/ aid to !  
,m>kets' ,committee & ,metropolitan     
,cattle ,plague ,committee1 :o 7        
unceas+ly devot+ _! "t & att5tion to    
mitigate1 &1 if possible1 put an end to 
! evil4 ,at pres5t1 h[ev]1 ! object ( ! 
deputation 0 limit$ to t ( obta9+ !     
sanction ( ! ,gov]nm5t to ! e/abli%m5t (
 ! hospitals or sanatoriums4 ,?is 0 an  
object :i* _h n only receiv$ ! g5]al    
approval ( ! two committees m5tion$1 b  
also ( ! m$ical pr(ession1 & he might   
add1 :at x 0 by no means unimportant to 
be> 9 m9d1 t ! c[keep]s !mselves & !    
salesm5 ( ! ,cattle ,m>ket 7 also 9     
fav\r ( x4  ,mr4 ,gibb9s & ! sev]al     
memb]s ( ! deputation corroborat$ :at _h
 fall5 f ! ,"l ,mayor1 & /rongly        
advocat$ ! necessity ( hav+ ! hospitals 
spe$ily e/abli%$4  ,mr4 ,rudk9 call$ !  
att5tion ( ,mr4 ,wadd+ton to ! fact t ! 
day be=e !re 7 f\rte5 diseas$ c[s seiz$ 
at ! slaught]-h\se ( ! ,cattle ,m>ket1  

:i* _h be5 s5t !re f ! c[%$s ( !        
metropolis4 ,he argu$ t ?is 9 itself 0 a
 pro( t ! ,ord] 9 ,c\ncil1 z at pres5t  
c>ri$ out1 0 insuffici5t to prev5t      
diseas$ c[s f be+ s5t f ! c[%$s by _!   
own]s to be slaught]$ = human food4     
,mr4 ,wadd+ton1 :o li/5$ v att5tively to
 ! :ole ( ! /atem5ts1 said he w\ld take 
an e>ly opportunity ( communicat+ ) ,sir
 ,george ,grey ^u ! subject4 ,9 ! fir/  
in/ance1 h[ev]1 he wi%$ ! deputation to 
=w>d to him _! views 9 writ+1 & ^! also 
w\ld be transmitt$ to ! ,home ,secret>y4
  ,! deputation promis$ to comply ) !   
sugge/ion1 & ?ank$ ,mr4 ,wadd+ton = !   
c\rtesy ) :i* he _h receiv$ & ! pati5ce 
) :i* he _h li/5$ to !m4                
,,york%ire4--,! plague has ext5d$ to ?is
 di/rict4 ,! cases report$1 h[ev]1 are  
extremely few1 & precautions are be+    
tak5 :i* x is hop$ may /op ! fur!r      
progress ( ! disease4 ,on ,tuesday a    
meet+ ( ! ,york%ire ,m$ical ,vet]9>y    
,society 0 held at ,le$s1 & ! "q 0      
discuss$ 9 all its be>+s4 ,x 0 /at$ t   

f\r cases _h occurr$ 9 ,le$s1 & !       
disease has also appe>$ 9 ! ,skyrack    
division ( ! ,rid+4 ,! g5]al result ( ! 
discussion 01 t memb]s ( ! society 7    
recomm5d$1 :5 diseas$ cattle 7 submitt$1
 n to ord] !m to be kill$1 b to place !m
 9 a sanatorium = m$ic9al treatm5t2 !   
:olesale de/ruction ( ! animals be+     
reg>d$ z a blot ^u ! pr(ession4   ,,note
 ,v4  ,inde$1 in=mation has rea*$ u ( ! 
disease exi/+ 9 ,dumfries%ire1 b !re is 
"s d\bt on ?is po9t4 ,s long z we he> ( 
infect$1 or probably infect$1 cattle be+
 dissem9at$ 9 l>ge numb]s f ! great     
m>kets ( ! c\ntry1 we mu/ h !           
propagation ( ! malady4 ,= ! welf>e (   
?is c\ntry1 x is deeply to be regrett$ t
 our ,gov]nm5t _c deal ) ?is "q z       
,cont95tal au?orities d4 ,i regret to   
say "s ( our neighb\rs laugh at our     
exp5se4 ,!y see u helpless ow+ to !     
wret*$ /ate ( our laws on ! subject1 &  
!y are n a little amus$ at ! !ories (   
spontane\s developm5t ( ! disease :i* "s
 /ill advocate4 ,! ,fr5* ,emp]or has s5t

 ov] ,pr(essor ,b\ley1 :o is /ill 9 ?is 
c\ntry1 & :o telegraph$ on 8 fir/       
arrival1 ab\t t5 days ago1 t ! ports (  
,france %\ld be in/antly clos$ to       
,briti% cattle4 ,?is has be5 done1 & we 
may dep5d ^u x ! ,fr5* p w n suff] z we 
n[ mu/4--,,gamgee1 ,lettre du #bd ,aot4 
,,note ,y4  ,augu/ #af4  ,,m ,,seizures 
,,( ,,diseas$ ,,meat4--,ye/]day ,mr4    
,paget1 9 ! c\rse ( ! proce$+s at !     
,?ames ,police ,c\rt1 0 in=m$ t !re 0 a 
l>ge quantity ( meat 9 a van 9 !        
police-y>d adjo9+1 :i* _h be5 seiz$ t   
day by ,mr4 ,j4 ,/ev5s1 ! sanit>y       
inspector ( ,mile-end ,old ,t[n1 & :i* 0
 describ$ z unfit = human food4 ,!      
inspector /at$1 t 9 consequ5ce ( hav+   
be5 in=m$ t !re 0 a quantity ( diseas$  
meat at ! %op ( ,mr4 ,fro/1 but*]1      
,sydney-/reet1 ,mile-end ,old ,t[n1 he  
w5t !re t morn+1 & f\nd f\r qu>t]s (    
beef 7two =e & two h9d qu>t]s7 :i* 7 f a
 diseas$ bea/4 ,he made a seizure ( !m1 
& he>d t ! animal _h be5 s5t by a p]son 
( ! "n ( ,/eph5s1 a c[keep] 9 bus9ess on

 ,b[-common4 ,! meat 0 9 a v na/y /ate1 
& totally unfit = human food4 7,mr4     
,paget w5t into ! police-y>d to exam9e !
 meat1 :i* 0 9 a v %ock+ /ate47 ,dr4    
,freeman1 ,m$ical ,(fic] ( ,heal? ( !   
,hamlet ( ,mile-end ,old ,t[n1 /at$ t 8 
att5tion 0 call$ to ! /ate ( ! meat by !
 sanit>y inspector4 ,he exam9$ x1 & gave
 8 op9ion t x %\ld be de/roy$1 z x 0 n  
only 9 a diseas$ condition1 b he believ$
 t x _h di$ f "s disease4 ,mr4 ,paget3  
,c y /ate ! nature ( ! disease :i* caus$
 its dea?8--,witness3 ,i _c4 ,mo/ likely
 x 0 ! prevail+ epidemic2 & if x 7 eat5 
x w\ld be v injuri\s4 ,mr4 ,paget1 aft] 
he>+ ! evid5ce1 ord]$ t ! meat %\ld be  
imm$iately de/roy$1 :5 ! inspector took 
! van ) its cont5ts to a knack]'s y>d to
 see ! ord] c>ri$ into effect4   ,,note 
,z4  ,,nef>i\s ,,attempt ,,to ,,spread  
,,! ,,plague4--,ye/]day ,mr4 ,gif=d1    
,sanit>y ,inspector to ! p>i% (         
,padd+ton1 ask$ 7at ,m>ylebone ,police  
,c\rt7 = ! magi/rate's advice "u !      
foll[+ circum/ances3--,applicant said t1

 9 consequ5ce ( in=mation receiv$1 he   
ye/]day w5t to a c[%$ situate on !      
,m>yl& ,f>m1 ,h>r[-road4 ,he f\nd ! door
 fa/5$4 ,on look+ ?r\gh "o ( ! *9ks1 he 
saw a c[ :i* app>5tly 0 9 ! wor/ /age ( 
! n[ prevail+ disease1 & 8 op9ion 0     
v]ifi$ aft] he _h bur/ op5 ! door &     
exam9$ ! animal4 ,he subsequ5tly        
asc]ta9$ t ! diseas$ c[ _h be5 br\ght "s
 di/ance by a man :o 0 at feud ) ! own] 
( ! ,m>yl& ,f>m1 & surreptiti\sly plac$ 
among/ ! heal?y cattle4 ,?is 0 ! fir/   
case :]e ! disease _h %[n itself 9 !    
p>i% ( ,padd+ton4 ,mr4 ,y>dley ref]r$ ! 
applicant to ! ,ord] 9 ,c\ncil1 dat$ !  
#bd? ( ,july1 #ahfe1 "u :i* he ?\ght    
inspectors ( nuisances _h p[] to act    
summ>ily4   ,,! ,,end4     ,,london3    
,,savill ,,& ,,edw>ds1 ,,pr9t]s1 ,,*&os 
,,/reet1   ,,cov5t ,,g>d54              
----------------------------------------
-------                  ,transcrib]'s  
,note3                                  
,inconsi/5t hyph5ation & spell+ 9 !     
orig9al docum5t h be5 pres]v$4          

,greek words are translit]at$ & m>k$    
l s                                     
,typographical errors correct$ 9 ! text3
                                        
,page  #fb  ,ge#aa;e *ang$ to ,gell     
,page  #fg  ,bruneles*i *ang$ to        
,brunelles*i       ,page #adb  ,rol     
*ang$ to ,rll                      ,page
 #age  *>boneux *ang$ to *>bonneux      
,page #bec  eat *ang$ to ate            
,page #ced  lairs *ang$ to fairs        
,page #cgg  ,b\lay *ang$ to ,b\ley      
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