,,f>m ,,g>d5+ ,,) ,,h9ts ,,on ,,*eap ,,manur+ ,quick ,ca% ,crops & ,h[ to ,gr[ ,!m ,compil$ & ,publi%$1 #ahih by ,,johnson ,,/okes1 ,se$ ,gr[]s & ,m]*ants #bag & #bai ,m>ket ,/41 ,philadelphia1 ,pa4 ,copyright1 #ahih1 by ,johnson ,/okes ,illu/ration3 ,hill+ ,cel]y1 z practis$ by ,philadelphia ,m>ket ,g>d5]s4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,page4 ,mak+ ! ,soil ,ri* #i ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,*oice ( ,location #bd ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,vegetables ,suit$ to ,f>m ,culture ,ev]y:]e #bg ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,vegetables ,suit$ to ,f>m ,culture 9 ,"s ,locations #ge ,,*apt] ,v4 ,sa%es & ,b$d+ ,plants #aai ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,! ,/rawb]ry #aba ,,preface4 ,f>m]s 9 ! ?ickly populat$ ,ea/]n & ,middle ,/ates1 or1 9 fact1 ea/ ( ! ,mississippi ,riv]1 _c gr[ gra9s nor fatt5 beeves ) ! same pr(it z be=e ! op5+ ( ! great ,we/4 ,dairy+ /ill returns fair pr(its1 b !re is a widespread dem& = ca% crops adapt$ to f>m culture1 especially :]e railroads furni% quick access to t[ns & cities4 ,9 response to ?is dem&1 we beg to (f] a %ort li/ ( f>m vegetables t c be gr[n ) great] pr(it ?an gra91 ) h9ts ab\t gr[+ !m4 ,!re is no real l9e divid+ ! vegetables ( ! m>ket g>d5 f ^? ( ! f>m g>d51 b x may be assum$ 9 a some:at arbitr>y way t ^? :i* d n yield at ! gross rate ( #bej p] acre p] ye> w n pay = ! int5se culture ( high-pric$ l&1 al?\gh !y w pay h&some pr(its 9 broad-acr$ op]ations "u horse culture4 ,be=e (f]+ a li/ ( money crops to f>m]s we %all h a ^w to say 9 ! foll[+ pages ab\t economic manur+4 ,l>g] ca% receipts & small] ca% exp5ditures w result 9 bett] bank balances4 ,,johnson ,,/okes4 ,,philadelphia1 ,janu>y #a1 #ahih4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,mak+ ,,! ,,soil ,,ri*4 ,ev]ybody und]/&s t ! soil becomes impov]i%$ by cont9u$ cropp+1 if no return be made 9 ! =m ( manure or f]tiliz]4 ,?is impov]i%m5t is sometimes real1 :ile sometimes x is m app>5t ?an real1 ow+ to ! exhau/ion ( only "o or two elem5ts ( f]tility4 ,f>m]s h le>n$ a great deal ab\t agricultural *emi/ry s9ce ! introduction ( artificial f]tiliz]s4 ,!y "k t :ile plants dem& _m ?+s = _! gr[?1 !re are b ?ree elem5ts :i* are 9 dang] ( be+ exhau/$ 9 ord9>y cropp+4 ,^! ?ree ?+s are nitrog51 phosphoric acid & pota%4 ,lime4--,lime is us$ on ! l& n = its direct results z a f]tiliz]1 b because x has ! ability to break up comb9ations already exi/+ 9 ! soil & set free ! plant food t previ\sly 0 9 an insoluble =m4 ,lime sometimes produces almo/ m>vel\s results2 at o!r times no visible effects :atev]4 ,h5ce1 x is n a f]tiliz]1 ?\gh 9 actual practice x is sometimes a f]tiliz+ ag5t ( great value4 ,l& t has be5 mu* manur$ or long 9 sod is likely to be b5efit$ by lime4 ,artificial manures1 on ! o!r h&1 furni% real plant food 9 soluble =m1 & may be expect$ to produce crops inv>iably1 ye> aft] ye>1 if ! soil be suffici5tly moi/4 ,:5 a f]tiliz] conta9s nitrog51 phosphoric acid & pota% x is said to be complete4 ,:5 any elem5t is miss+ ! f]tiliz] is said to be incomplete4 ,gr\nd bone1 wood a%es1 ,s\? ,c>ol9a rock1 ka9it1 etc41 are examples ( incomplete f]tiliz]s4 ,b>ny>d ,manure4--,b>ny>d manure is ! be/ ( all kn[n f]tiliz]s4 ,n only is x complete 9 "*1 b x has ! highly valuable prop]ty ( bulk4 ,x is ri* 9 humus or humus-=m+ mat]ials4 ,x op5s & v5tilates ! soil1 & improves its me*anical condition to a rem>kable degree4 ,humus is a "n = decay+ organic matt]4 ,am]ican m>ket g>d5]s deem x entirely safe to use fifty to sev5ty-five tons ( b>ny>d manure to ! acre ( gr\nd 9 _! int5sive cultural op]ations4 ,am]ican f>m]s seldom apply m ?an t5 or fifte5 tons ( su* manure to ! acre 9 ! op5 field4 ,! manufacture ( artificial f]tiliz]s _h its orig9 9 ! fact t cultivators c\ld n get en\gh manure f natural s\rces1 &1 h5ce1 7 compell$ to g into ! m>ket & buy nitrog51 phosphoric acid & pota% 9 o!r =ms4 ,clos] ,economy4--,) ! increase ( competition & consequ5t fall ( prices a clos] economy 9 co/ ( production is necess>y4 ,prices h fall5 mo/ 9 respect to commodities t w be> long-di/ance freight transit & less 9 respect to ! m p]i%able products ( ! soil4 ,h5ce1 f>m]s h widely turn$ att5tion to small fruits & vegetables = money crops1 in/ead ( gra9s1 & are n[ /udy+ h[ to f]tilize ^! crops 9 ! mo/ effective & economical mann]4 ,x is v evid5t t :ile great quantities ( f]tility are dem&$ by ! new crops1 !re is no su* m>g9 ( pr(it 9 _! culture z to w>rant wa/eful me?ods1 & no losses ( home-produc$ f]tility c be tol]at$4 ,z to ,sav+ ,manure4--,a p5ny sav$ is a p5ny e>n$4 ,a half ton ( manure sav$ is a doll> e>n$2 &1 conv]sely1 a half ton ( manure wa/$ is a doll> wa/$4 ,9 _m ,am]ican b>ny>ds mu* ( ! manure is lo/1 p>tly by lea*+ & p>tly by escape ( ammonia4 ,x is e/imat$ t z mu* z a ?ird ( ! natural manure produc$ 9 ?is c\ntry is practically ?r[n away4 ,! ,cornell ,/ation has ann\nc$ t a pile ( horse manure expos$ to ! wea!r w lose half ( its value 9 six mon?s4 ,! ,kansas ,/ation rea*es ne>ly ! same conclusion ab\t f>my>d manure4 ,manure /or$ "u cov] may lose f #ad to #cj p] c5t4 ( its nitrog5 7ammonia72 & z ?is elem5t is ! mo/ exp5sive ( all to buy1 x is evid5t t ! loss is a v s]i\s "o1 & "o t %\ld be avoid$ if possible4 ,g5]al ,pr9ciples ( ,/orage4--,hav+ po9t$ out ! fact t on _m f>ms !re is a loss ( a l>ge am\nt ( excell5t manure1 x is n[ 9 ord] to "n a rem$y4 ,! compass ( ?is book is s limit$ t x is necess>y to g /raight to ! po9t1 omitt+ a detail$ acc\nt ( ! *emical processes involv$4 ,! be/-kn[n me?od ( keep+ all ! manure produc$ by f>m animals is /orage "u a clos$ %$1 supplem5t$ ) *emical pres]vatives4 ,! %$ ne$ n cov] ! b>ny>d1 b m]ely ! manure pile4 ,! pres]vatives co/ little money1 & ev5tually g to ! soil 9 ! =m ( excell5t f]tiliz]s4 ,n a c5t paid = !m ne$ be lo/4 ,! manure %$ %\ld be l>ge en\gh to "w 9 ) com=t2 l>ge en\gh to p]mit ! heap or heaps ( manure to be turn$1 work$ ov] & %ift$ f place to place4 ,a clay or e>? floor w answ] e purpose1 & ! %$ may be ( ! *eape/ "*1 provid$ x w turn ! ra94 ,! floor ( ! manure %$ %\ld slope inw>d f all directions1 & ! dra9age ar\nd ! %$ %\ld be outw>d1 s t no ra9-wat] or sn[-wat] c ent]4 ,9 !ory1 x may be be/ to put fre% manure on ! l& z quickly z possible4 ,all lea*+ is !n receiv$ by ! soil1 & little is lo/1 except ?r\gh ! air4 ,9 practice1 ?is plan is n always a good "o4 ,x co/s m to make t5 trips to ! field ?an "o trip1 & valuable "t is wa/$4 ,x is q out ( ! "q to haul out manure e day or ev5 e week4 ,besides1 x is necess>y 9 actual practice1 especially 9 g>d5+ or truck f>m+1 to cov] a :ole piece ( gr\nd at "o "t1 s t x may be pl[$ & se$$ = ! com+ crop4 ,! gr\nd is usually available only a %ort "t be=e ?is prep>ation1 hav+1 p]haps1 be5 occupi$ by some?+ else4 ,x is desirable1 moreov]1 t ! manure :5 appli$ %all be ready = imm$iate s]vice z plant food1 :i* is n ! case ) ! raw product4 ,fre% manure is b sp>+ly dige/ible by plant roots4 ,quick] ca% results w be secur$ by apply+ prep>$ manure to ! soil ?an by apply+ ! product fre% f ! /able4 ,! manure %$ has already be5 m5tion$4 ,a few doll>s w build x4 ,sometimes a half b>rel is sunk5 9 ! c5tre ( ! manure %$1 & ! dra9age f ! manure heaps collect$ !re1 & return$ to ! tops ( ! heaps4 ,x is occasionally necess>y to add wat]1 :5 turn+ manure1 to secure ! desir$ degree ( dampness & a g5tle f]m5tation4 ,?is f]m5tation w cause ! litt] to fall to pieces1 & w conv]t x into quickly-available plant food4 ,no "o :o has nev] tri$ x w expect ! g5]\s heaps :i* w foll[ sy/ematic & p]sev]+ ef=ts to accumulate & /ack up ! available manure mat]ials on any f>m4 ,pres]vatives4--,! be/-kn[n common pres]vatives ( manure 9 /orage are gypsum1 ka9it & acid phosphate4 ,gypsum or l& pla/] holds ammonia1 & is ?us ( ! highe/ value z a pres]vative4 ,gypsum mu/ be moi/ to be effective1 &1 h5ce1 %\ld be us$ regul>ly ^u ! fre% manure4 ,ka9it1 :i* is a l[-grade sulphate ( pota%1 *ecks f]m5tation1 & h5ce prev5ts loss ( ammonia4 ,x conta9s mu* salt1 & attracts & holds moi/ure4 ,x %\ld n be us$ "u ! feet ( animals4 ,acid phosphate conta9s mu* gypsum1 & unites ) ammonia t w\ld o!rwise escape4 ,! ,g5eva 7,n4 ,y47 ,/ation recomm5ds ! use ( "o ( ! foll[+ p] day3 ,p] ,horse4 ,p] ,c[4 ,p] ,pig4 ,p] ,%eep4 ,p\nds4 ,p\nds4 ,ounces4 ,ounces4 ,gypsum #a-a_/b #a-c_/d #d-a_/b #c-a_/b ,acid phosphate #a #a-a_/h #c #b-a_/b ,ka9it #a-a_/h #a-a_/d #d #c-a_/d ,! advantage ( us+ ka9it & acid phosphate are t !y add pota% & phosphoric acid respectively1 9 :i* b>ny>d manure is likely to be defici5t4 ,9 "s soils ! pota% w be pref]able2 9 o!rs1 phosphoric acid w d m good4 ,value ( ,manure ( ,ea* ,k9d ( ,animal4--,x has be5 figur$ out t ! av]age value ( horse manure p] ye> is #bg p] animal2 cattle1 #ai2 hogs1 #ab2 & %eep1 #b4 ,b ^! are n ! only s\rces ( manure on ! f>m4 ,! h5-h\se w annually yield manure to ! value ( #be to #ej c5ts p] f[l1 if intellig5tly c>$ =4 ,! ou?\se w produce f]tility to ! am\nt ( #aj to #ej p] ye>1 accord+ to ! size ( ! family1 ! precautions z to loss by lea*+1 & ! c>e giv54 ,! kit*5 slops1 includ+ ! scraps1 are wor? #aj to #be p] ye>1 if prop]ly compo/$4 ,! wood a%es h a di/9ct & high f]tiliz+ value2 b n 9 ! h5-h\se1 :]e !y are worse ?an wa/$4 ,& ev5 coal a%es c be turn$ to acc\nt4 ,pr(essor ,rob]ts has sugge/$ #bej p] ye> z a cons]vative e/imate ( ! value ( ! manure produc$ dur+ sev5 w9t] mon?s on a f>m c>ry+ f\r horses1 tw5ty c[s1 fifty %eep & t5 pigs4 ,! e/imat$ value may be made mu* high] 9 cases :]e f>m]s are will+ to use ?\ght & labor 9 prep>ation & pres]vation ( home-made manures4 ,solid ,manure & ,liquid ,manure4--,! ur9e is ! mo/ valuable portion ( ! excretion ( animals1 accord+ to ! tables ( ! agricultural *emi/s4 ,x is especially ri* 9 nitrog51 &1 h5ce1 its /rong odor "u f]m5tation4 ,x is also ri* 9 pota%4 ,its place is on ! manure heap1 n 9 a dit* lead+ to a brook4 ,if x collects 9 quantities beyond ! absorb+ p[] ( ! manure pile1 x %\ld g on ! compo/ heap or else be dilut$ & at once put ^u ! l&4 ,:5 to ,f]tilize4--,! l& is a good bank 9 :i* to deposit money 9 ! =m ( manure2 b !re are c]ta9 portions ( ! ye> :5 ! l& bank decl>es no divid5ds4 ,x is safe to put manure ^u an unfroz5 soil at any "t1 b ! be/1 ! quicke/1 & ! l>ge/ results are obta9$ by manur+ dur+ ! gr[+ season1 pref]ably j be=e plant+ ! crop4 ,small applications1 (t5 repeat$1 are pref]able to l>ge1 ?\gh r>e1 applications4 ,plants1 l animals1 consume small am\nts ( food ea* day1 & _c take a ye>'s food at a s+le meal4 ,humus4--,humus1 (t5 ref]r$ to by agricultural writ]s1 is a "n = decay+ organic matt] 9 ! soil4 ,gre5 crops turn$ "u1 grass roots1 /ubble1 leaves1 long manure1 etc41 =m humus4 ,! t]m is a compreh5sive "o4 ,humus is a d>k-color$ sub/ance1 abundant 9 all ri* gr\nd4 ,a lump ( manure t has be5 ly+ 9 ! gr\nd = a ye> or two has become1 practically1 a mass ( humus4 ,m9ute ,soil ,work]s4--,9 all good soils !re are myriads ( small organisms1 ^: duty is to de/roy organic matt] & conv]t x into soil1 or into humus1 or into plant food4 ,?is expla9s ! sup]iority ( good1 moi/ soil z comp>$ to coal a%es = mak+ compo/ heaps4 ,coal a%es are wor? sift+1 if ! "w c be done automatically2 t is1 by simply p\r+ ! a%es ^u a slop+ wire scre54 ,! co>se portion ( ! a%es1 if n wor? reburn+1 w at lea/ make good walks1 drives or road b$s1 :ile ! f9e portions make excell5t absorb5ts to put "u h5 roo/s4 ,illu/ration3 ,"s ( ! _m ,=ms ( ,bact]ia4 7,magnifi$74 ,h5 manure & ! product ( ! ou?\se1 :e!r conta9+ sift$ a%es or n1 %\ld g spe$ily into a heap ( moi/ e>?1 = ?is e>? w furni% ! organisms to quickly conv]t ! excreta into valuable soil4 ,sift$ coal a%es usually conta9 "s f]tility on acc\nt ( wood1 g>bage1 etc41 burn$ 9 ! kit*5 /ove1 b h value ma9ly z absorb5ts4 ,moi/ loam1 on ! o!r h&1 teems ) life1 & has ! wond]ful ability n m]ely to hide organic matt]1 b to actually *ange its "*1 conv]t+ x into soil t reta9s none ( its orig9al *>act]i/ics4 ,:at 0 malodor\s manure1 (f5sive to smell & t\*1 is *ang$ into an odorless1 d>k-color$ mat]ial t leaves no /a9 ^u ! h&s1 & :i* is plant food ( ! be/ & mo/ available "*4 ,economy 9 ,manur+4--,true economy 9 manur+ dem&s a compreh5sion ( ^! simple matt]s4 ,! me?ods are inexp5sive1 & are )9 ! rea* ( e till] ( ! soil4 ,! :ole matt] may be summ$ up 9 a few words1 z foll[s3 ,wa/e no?+1 p]mit no f]m5tation or lea*+1 use pres]vatives1 & le>n ! true art ( mak+ compo/s1 includ+ ! functions ( ! m9ute organisms j describ$4 ,no bett] use c be made ( ra9y days 9 summ] or w9t] ?an 9 c>+ = manure2 turn+ ! piles1 mak+ compact /acks1 add+ ne$$ moi/ure & pres]vatives1 %ak+ out all lumps & putt+ undecay$ portions into ! c5tre ( ! heap4 ,ton aft] ton ( ! be/ k9d ( f]tiliz] c be accumulat$ on e f>m 9 ?is mann]1 includ+ n only :at is n[ lo/ ?r\gh c>eless h&l+1 b also a l>ge am\nt ( good mat]ial t is n[ entirely ov]look$ on _m f>ms4 ,all rubbi%1 all litt]1 all dirt1 has a f]tiliz+ value4 ,if c]ta9 wa/e products mu/ g to ! bonfire1 ! a%es c at lea/ be sav$ & us$ dur+ ! next gr[+ season4 ,x is sometimes bett] to burn we$s & c]ta9 t\gh v9es ?an to attempt to compo/ !m2 b ! a%es %\ld n be wa/$4 ,x is ! sav+ ( _m little ?+s t c\nts 9 ! ye>ly total4 ,labor is money1 b x is bett] to inve/ labor at home ?an to g to ! f]tiliz]-mak] = supplies & pay out ca%4 ,! ,f]tiliz] ,man4--,! f]tiliz] man w always be ) u1 because he has a true place 9 ! economy ( ! f>m & g>d54 ,we mu/ g to him = ! pres]vatives already m5tion$--= gypsum1 = ka9it & = acid phosphate2 & also = complete f]tiliz]s4 ,^! articles are all comp>atively *eap4 ,! f]tiliz] man c make b mode/ pr(its ^u !m4 ,! pur*ase ( high-grade goods f well-kn[n & hone/ mak]s is to be comm5d$1 = x is /rictly economical4 ,! ?+ to be avoid$ is ! bl9d buy+ ( f]tiliz]s f unkn[n or irresponsible mak]s or ag5ts4 ,?is is worse ?an buy+ a cat 9 a bag1 & results 9 great wa/e ( good money4 ,wood ,a%es4--,wood a%es is ri* 9 pota%1 & is p>ticul>ly valuable ) potatoes1 fruits ( all k9ds1 etc4 ,b x is a great error to mix wood a%es ) fre% manure ( any k9d1 especially ) h5 manure1 z ! escape ( ammonia is ha/5$ & mu* value is lo/4 ,natural & ,artificial ,manures4--,:]e ! home supply ( manure is insuffici5t = a piece ( gr\nd1 necessitat+ ! addition ( artificial manure1 x is univ]sally conc$$ to be good practice to /ret* ! natural product ov] ! :ole tract & !n to g ov] ! :ole tract ) an artificial f]tiliz]4 ,irrigation4,a--,9 connection ) a review ( ! home s\rces ( manure ! item ( irrigation mu/ n be ov]look$1 = x is ?or\ghly well e/abli%$ t wat] is a c>ri] ( appreciable am\nts ( f]tiliz+ mat]ials4 ,9 ,european c\ntries l>ge areas ( pa/ure & m[+ l&s are f]tiliz$ by wat] alone1 ! irrigation be+ reg>d$ z ( great value on ?is acc\nt1 aside f ! fact t x supplies moi/ure to ! grass roots4 ,mo/ /reams 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates conta9 m or less sewage1 & 9 respect to irrigation are valuable on t acc\nt4 ,footnote ,a3 ,! read] is ref]r$ to our new book on ?is subject4 ,x is entitl$1 ,irrigation by ,*eap ,mod]n ,me?ods4 ,see illu/ration next page1 also pages #hc & #abe4--;,johnson ,/okes4 ,wa/e ,products4--,_m wa/e or by-products1 available = use z f]tiliz]s1 come f "t to "t )9 ! rea* ( ! f>m] or g>d5]1 especially to ^? liv+ ne> t[ns or railroads4 ,! av]age m>ket h\se1 be x said ) regret1 is none too clean1 & refuse 9 consid]able am\nts c\ld be _h !re = ! tr\ble ( sweep+4 ,cattle c>s (t5 conta9 sev]al in*es ( valuable dropp+s1 to be _h = next to no?+4 ,/reet-scrap+s are wor? ! tr\ble ( haul+1 if ! di/ance is %ort4 ,! manure lo/ on ! highways is v great 9 am\nt1 & may be wor? ! co/ ( collection4 ,!re w "s day be a ma*9e = ga!r+ ?is manure f ! roads by horse-p[]1 z x w\ld amply repay ! exp5se ( driv+ su* a ma*9e along e mu*-us$ highway4 ,illu/ration3 ,an ,illu/ration f ,johnson ,/okes' ,new ,book--,irrigation by ,*eap ,mod]n ,me?ods4 ,value ( ,manure4--,dr4 ,beal figures ! values p] ton ( ! sev]al f>m-made manures z foll[s3 ,h5 manure1 #g4jg2 %eep1 #c4cj2 pigs1 #c4bi2 horses1 #b4ba2 c[s1 #b4jb4 ,illu/ration3 ,bact]oid ,tub]cles on ,r$ ,clov] ,root4 ,drawn f ,nature4 ,^! figures are bas$ on ! assumption t ! animals are well f$1 & t no lea*+ ( ! manure is all[$1 ) gypsum us$ z a pres]vative1 & good c>e ex]cis$ 9 all respects4 ,x mu/ n be suppos$ t all manure has su* value1 or t any manure w reta9 su* value "u c>eless treatm5t4 ,gre5 ,manur+4--,! sy/em ( gre5 manur+1 z =m]ly und]/ood & practic$1 _h two purposes 9 view4 ,"o 0 to supply ! soil ) ne$$ humus2 ! o!r to furni% w9t] protection & prev5t wa%+4 ,! practice is a v old "o & has mu* to comm5d x4 ,n only d plant roots draw up f]tility f consid]able dep?s1 to be aft]w>d deposit$ 9 ! sup]ficial soil :5 ! gr[+ crop is turn$ d[n by ! pl[1 b ! process favors *emical *anges 9 ! soil by ! admission ( air & sunlight & by ! decomposition ( leaves1 /ems & roots4 ,b no?+ :atev] 9 ! way ( new f]tility is add$ by turn+ d[n a rye crop1 = in/ance4 ,illu/ration3 ,crimson or ,sc>let ,clov]1 a ,nitrog5 ,ga!r]4 ,cultivat+ ! ,legumes4--,! pres5t sy/em ( gre5 manur+ contemplates some?+ 9 addition to :at 0 =m]ly ga9$1 = agricultural sci5ces n[ recognizes ! fact t nitrog51 ! mo/ exp5sive elem5t ( f]tility1 c be tak5 f ! air & add$ to ! plant food 9 ! soil by means ( c]ta9 plants :i* h ! peculi> habit ( regul>ly =m+ little tub]cles or lumps on _! fe$+ roots4 ,^! lumps are to be f\nd on plants 9 p]fect heal?1 & are n p>asitical 9 any ho/ile s5se4 ,! lumps are fill$ ) small liv+ organisms call$ bact]ia1 &1 h5ce1 h be5 call$ bact]oid tub]cles4 ,! m9ute t5ants sl[ly b surely secrete nitrog51 & put x 9 a =m adapt$ to plant gr[?4 ,! plants :i* be> ^! root lumps belong to a gr\p call$ legumes1 ( :i* clov]1 peas1 beans1 vet*es1 etc41 are famili> examples4 ,curi\sly en\gh1 ne>ly all ! legum9\s plants are ?us fitt$ by nature by means ( ! root lumps to act z soil enri*]s1 & ^! plants h1 !re=e1 assum$ ! highe/ agricultural significance4 ,x is well kn[n t su* crops z c[peas1 crimson or sc>let clov]1 common r$ & pea v9e or sapl+ clov]1 ,soja beans1 vet*es1 etc41 c be us$ to add nitrog5 to ! soil 9 comm]cial quantities4 ,! ga9 ( new mat]ial1 express$ 9 money1 has be5 e/imat$ z high z #be p] acre4 ,?is1 !re=e1 is ! av5ue ?r\gh :i* ! f>m] c mo/ economically supply nitrog5 to 8 l&4 ,if he w ex]cise all ! economy h]et(ore sugge/$ 9 ! c>e ( natural manures1 & w gr[ legumes1 he w n h mu* occasion to buy nitrog5 9 ! m>ket4 ,grass vs4 ,clov]4--,an idea ( ! great f]tiliz+ value ( ! legum9\s plants z comp>$ ) grasses may be obta9$ by a /udy ( ! foll[+ analyses f ,u4 ,s4 ,f>m]s' ,bullet9 ,no4 #af1 by ,dr4 ,e4 ,w4 ,all51 on ,legum9\s ,plants = ,gre5 ,manur+ & = ,fe$+3 ,f]tiliz+ ,value 9 ,crop4 ,assum$ ,p] ,acre4 ,yield4 ,p] ,acre4 ,nitrog54 ,phos4 ,acid4 ,pota%4 ,hay f ,tons4 ,p\nds4 ,p\nds4 ,p\nds4 ,r$ top 7a grass7 #b #bc4j #g4b #bj4d ,timo?y 7a grass7 #b #be4b #aj4f #ah4j ,r$ ,clov] 7a legume7 #c #fb4a #aa4d #ff4j ,alfalfa 7a legume7 #c #fe4g #ae4c #ej4d ,c[pea 7a legume7 #c #eh4e #ae4f #dd4a ,soja bean 7a legume7 #c #fi4f #bj4a #cb4d ,nitrog51 ,phosphoric ,acid1 ,pota%4--,we h j not$ ! *eape/ s\rce ( nitrog54 ,x c be collect$ by root tub]cles at less ?an ! comm]cial rate ( #ad to #ag c5ts p] p\nd4 ,phosphoric acid c be be/ secur$1 if a new supply becomes necess>y1 9 ! =m ( gr\nd bone or 9 ! =m ( acid phosphate4 ,ei!r ( ^! articles1 if b\ght f a reliable deal]1 is a good & economical ?+ to use4 ,pota% is to be _h mo/ *eaply1 p]haps1 9 ! mann] sugge/$ h]et(ore3 by ! use ( ka9it z a pres]v] ( /able manure4 ,! ka9it p]=ms a d\ble purpose if us$ 9 t way1 & ?us gets ^u ! l& 9 a *eap mann]4 ,muriate ( pota% & sulphate ( pota% are high-pric$ articles1 b :5 b\ght f good h\ses are fully wor? ! money !y co/4 ,except = ! use ( ka9it1 j m5tion$1 ! muriate or sulphate w\ld be ! m economical =m4 ,pota% or phosphoric acid 7or bo?71 z may be det]m9$ by circum/ances1 are ne$$ to aid crimson clov] 9 its gr[?1 & ) ! clov] =m a p]fect manure4 ,b>ny>d manure is a p]fect f]tiliz]1 especially :5 pres]v$ ) ka9it or acid phosphate2 & a legum9\s crop1 if /imulat$ ) phosphoric acid & pota%1 leaves ! l& 9 f9e cropp+ condition4 ,value ( ,gre5 ,manures4--,! ca% value ( gre5 manur+ is some:at a matt] ( location4 ,on light1 s&y soils x w be f\nd wise to turn ! :ole crop "u ) ! pl[1 :ile on heavy loams ?is plan is ( d\btful b5efit4 ,on ! latt] l& x is conc$$ to be bett] practice to h>ve/ ! crop & fe$ x to /ock1 & return ! result+ manure to ! l&4 ,maximum ,am\nts ( ,manures4--,nobody has yet v5tur$ to fix ! maximum am\nts ( natural or artificial manures t soils w be>1 b ^! am\nts are great4 ,ref]5ce has already be5 made to ! numb] ( tons ( /able manure p] acre us$ respectively by m>ket g>d5]s & f>m]s 9 ,am]ica4 ,z to comm]cial f]tiliz]s1 ! quantity has be5 pu%$ up to two tons p] acre1 ) enorm\s crops 9 consequ5ce1 & ) no bad results :]e ! con/itu5t ( ! f]tiliz] 7 well balanc$ & :]e ! wat]-supply 0 ample4 ,x is q easy1 h[ev]1 to scor* or burn ! foliage ( gr[+ plants by ! improp] use ( acid f]tiliz]s 9 dry wea!r4 ,( c\rse1 no su* am\nt z two tons p] acre w\ld be us$ 9 ord9>y f>m+ or f>m g>d5+1 b only 9 c]ta9 int5se cultural op]ations4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,*oice ,,( ,,location4 ,almo/ e f>m has a *oice spot = a g>d51 "s favor$ location :]e ! soil is w>m & mell[1 & :]e1 p]haps1 %elt] is af=d$ by hill or woodl&4 ,su* a spot1 especially if x c be artificially irrigat$1 is capable ( great ?+s 9 ! way ( gr[+ truck4 ,! place ( all o!rs1 if x c be _h1 is a ri* mead[ bank1 on gr\nd l[ en\gh = gravity irrigation & yet high en\gh to be out ( ! way ( floods4 ,su* a location is by no means r>e4 ,!re are c\ntless acres fulfill+ ^! conditions1 & e acre ?us situat$ is capable ( yield+ 9 vegetables tw5ty-fold its value z pa/urage4 ,su* a mead[ ne$s a few l9es ( und]dra9s & an irrigat+ dit* along ! highe/ feasible level4 ,deep pl[+ ( l[ l& w r>ely br+ up ! sub-soil1 &1 aft] a good coat ( lime1 ! application ( manure may be c>ri$ to almo/ any ext5t1 ) good results assur$ 9 advance4 ,if a mead[ is n available1 ! f>m g>d5] w d ! next be/ ?+1 :atev] t may be1 9 *oos+ a place = vegetables1 tru/+ ! ra9fall & dep5d+ on manure & good tillage = satisfactory crops4 ,z to ,gr[+4--,! "o po9t to be emphasiz$ ab\t ! production ( truck = m>ket is t quick gr[? is necess>y = quality1 &1 h5ce1 = pr(its4 ,good soil1 good cultivation & suffici5t moi/ure are ! ess5tials = rapid gr[?4 ,z to ,m>ket+4--,a po9t ( prime importance = all produc]s to rememb] is t price is l>gely a matt] ( ta/e & fancy4 ,if ! consum] c be attract$ by ! good appe>ance ( vegetables or fruit1 a sale is c]ta9 to be made4 ,x w pay h&somely to keep at home all m$ium or second-quality /uff1 (f]+ no?+ b ! be/ = sale4 ,illu/ration3 ,reproduction ( a ,photograph tak5 9 ,dock ,/reet ,:olesale ,m>ket1 ,philadelphia4 ,9 ! great :olesale & retail m>kets ( ,philadelphia1 ,new ,york & ,bo/on good /uff always moves quickly at fair prices1 :ile poor /uff begs = buy]s at rates yield+ no pr(it to anybody4 ,! :olesal] is frequ5tly blam$ = failure to obta9 good prices :5 ! fault is really ) ! produc]1 & is *>geable to poor /uff or poor pack+4 ,!re is a good bus9ess op5+ ev]y:]e = truck]s :o w %ip only fir/-class /uff 9 new packages4 ,su* produce rea*es :at is kn[n z ! fancy trade1 & !re is m ?an a liv+ 9 x = ent]pris+ gr[]s4 ,truck]s :o ru% _! /uff to m>ket 9 an unwa%$1 unsort$ condition1 9 old or unclean baskets or boxes1 may make exp5ses out ( ! bus9ess1 b !y w nev] d mu* m4 ,!re is a premium on quality & appe>ance4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,vegetables ,,suit$ ,,to ,,f>m ,,culture ,,ev]y:]e4 ,illu/ration3 ,load+ ! ,m>ket ,wagon4 ,9 ?is *apt] are gr\p$ a numb] ( vegetables ( easy culture4 ,!y may be gr[n ) success almo/ any:]e4 ,"s ( !m are produc$ by m>ket g>d5]s1 b by reason ( ! am\nt ( gr\nd :i* !y occupy !y are m p>ticul>ly adapt$ to horse culture by f>m]s4 ,! *apt] w treat briefly ( asp>agus1 beans1 beets1 cabbage1 c>rots1 sweet corn1 hors]adi%1 p>snip1 potato1 pumpk9 & squa%1 salsify1 tomato1 turnip1 etc4 ,,asp>agus4 ,asp>agus dem&s a deep1 ri*1 well-dra9$ soil4 ,its culture is pr(itable1 & x yields ready ca% at an e>ly season ( ! ye>1 :5 o!r sales are limit$4 ,! cutt+ t]m cov]s six weeks1 beg9n+ 7at ,philadelphia7 9 ! middle or latt] "p ( ,april4 ,cutt+ mu/ "h cease 9 ,june1 9 ord] to give ! roots ample "t to rega9 /r5g? & make vigor\s tops4 ,! gross product p] acre1 ne> ,philadelphia1 express$ 9 money1 is1 p]haps1 #bjj at ?is "t4 ,illu/ration3 ,donald's ,elmira4 ,9 select+ a situation = a b$1 a w>m spot %\ld be *os51 hav+ a deep & mell[ soil1 & ) good natural or artificial dra9age4 ,a small area is bett] ?an a l>ge "o1 z be+ m likely to receive suffici5t manure2 & x is desirable t ! l& %\ld h be5 till$ = a ye> or two be=e ! plant+ ( ! roots1 & a heavy coat ( manure incorporat$ ) ! soil--! m manure ! bett]4 ,roots4--,! roots are set 9 e>ly spr+1 9 deep tr5*es1 #e or #f feet ap>t1 made ) a pl[4 ,if ! pl[ be run bo? ways & ! loose dirt %ovell$ out1 x is q easy to rea* a dep? ( #ae or m in*es4 ,x is n mat]ial :e!r /rong "o-ye>-old roots or two-ye>-old roots be us$4 ,v>ieties4--,z to v>ieties1 x is almo/ z mu* a matt] ( culture z ( "n2 /ill1 !re are bett] & worse k9ds4 ,asp>agus v>ies 9 color f purple to gre51 & ev5 to :ite4 ,!re are c]ta9 s-call$ mammo? sorts1 ^: %oots are l>g]1 b less num]\s ?an ! old-fa%ion$ k9ds4 ,!re is a slight diff]5ce 9 flavor1 also1 b ! pref]5ce ( ! local m>ket mu/ det]m9e ! f>m] 9 mak+ a *oice ( roots4 ,if a gre5 grass be pref]r$1 t k9d c be _h f se$sm52 b1 no matt] h[ c>efully ! roots may be gr[n1 !re w be "s slight v>iations 9 ! color ( ! %oots1 = asp>agus does n always come true f se$4 ,m>ket g>d5]s usually sort _! asp>agus %oots at bun*+ "t2 always = size1 & sometimes = color1 especially :5 supply+ a fancy trade4 ,z a rule1 x is wise to select a v>iety t w produce a good numb] ( l>ge-siz$ %oots1 su* z ,donald's ,elmira or ,b>r's ,mammo?1 & tru/ to manure & culture = ! be/ results4 ,quality ( %oots dep5ds on quick gr[?1 & size dep5ds some:at on di/ance ( ! root "u gr\nd4 ,! deep] ! asp>agus root "u ! surface1 ! l>g] 9 diamet] w be ! %oot1 provid$ ! plants are n cr[d$2 a fact ( :i* g>d5]s (t5 take advantage by heap+ soil up ov] ! cr[ns ( ! plants dur+ ! gr[+ season4 ,,asp>agus4--,donald's ,elmira is "o ( ! be/ = ! ,nor?4 ,palmetto is ! asp>agus g5]ally gr[n 9 ! ,s\?4 ,= descriptions1 see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,sett+ out4--,! "y roots %\ld be set c>efully1 cr[ns up1 at int]vals ( #a-a_/b to #b feet1 9 ! deep furr[s or tr5*es h]et(ore m5tion$4 ,a few in*es ( manure c be put 9 ! bottom1 cov]+ slightly ) soil & ab\t #f in*es ( soil put ^u !m4 ,! spaces betwe5 ! r[s may be cultivat$ dur+ ! fir/ ye>1 & "s quick crop gr[n !re4 ,! work+ ( ?is crop w gradually fill up ! furr[s ab\t ! /ems ( ! "y asp>agus1 :i*1 dur+ ! fir/ ye>1 is q small & insignificant 9 appe>ance4 ,by fall1 ! furr[s w be entirely fill$ & ! surface ( ! pat* level4 ,! asp>agus slug1 ! l>va ( ! well-kn[n beetle1 may be kept d[n by occasionally du/+ ) slack$ lime conta9+ ,p>is gre54 ,! foll[+ ye> ! asp>agus w %[ up to "s advantage1 b %\ld n be cut4 ,! ?ird ye> 7second aft] plant+7 w yield "s m>ketable %oots2 b cutt+ %\ld n cont9ue m ?an two or ?ree weeks4 ,! f\r? ye> ! b$ may be said to be 9 full be>+4 ,treatm5t4--,! spr+ treatm5t ( an asp>agus b$ 9 pr(it beg9s ) a light pl[+ p>allel ) ! r[s1 great c>e be+ obs]v$ to use a :eel on ! pl[ s t n m ?an a few in*es ( soil may be turn$1 le/ ! cr[ns be cut & injur$4 ,! b$ !n lies until ! cutt+ season is well advanc$1 :5 ! pl[ may be aga9 us$4 ,! fir/ pl[+ 0 m]ely to break ! surface ( ! gr\nd & turn "u ! w9t] coat ( manure1 leav+ ! l& level4 ,! second pl[+ 7if giv57 is to be t[>d ! r[s1 = ! purpose ( ?r[+ !m fur!r "u ! surface1 s z to get l>g] %oots z w>m wea!r advances4 ,ano!r pl[+1 v %all[1 foll[$ by h>r[ or cultivator1 %\ld be giv5 at ! end ( ! cutt+ season1 9 ,june1 to de/roy all we$s & to enc\rage summ] gr[? ( ! asp>agus4 ,! pat* %\ld be kept cle> ( we$s dur+ ! summ]1 & gr[? enc\rag$ by cultivation4 ,9 ! late autumn ! tops are m[$ (f & burn$1 z !re seems to be no economic way ( compo/+ !m1 =1 if mov$ to ! compo/ heap or b>ny>d1 !y w se$ ! :ole f>m ) asp>agus4 ,!re %\ld be a good coat ( manure = w9t] protection1 to be turn$ "u 9 e>ly spr+1 z already m5tion$4 ,m>ket+4--,! prep>ation ( ! crop = m>ket involves "s "t & tr\ble4 ,! %oots are cut e day4 ,"s gr[]s d ! "w e>ly 9 ! morn+1 & c>ry ! bun*es to m>ket ! same day4 ,o!rs cut & bun* "o day1 put 9 wat] ov] night & c>ry to m>ket ! foll[+ day4 ,circum/ances mu/ decide :i* is be/4 ,illu/ration3 ,acme ,asp>agus ,bun*]1 ) ,knife ,gu>d4 ,if asp>agus is to be %ipp$ long di/ances1 x mu/ ei!r be pack$ 9 op5 crates 7l /rawb]ry crates71 or else ?or\ghly *ill$ by ice be=e />t+4 ,o!rwise1 x w heat & spoil4 ,! usual asp>agus bun* is j ab\t ! size ( a dry-measure qu>t 9 diamet]1 & f #f to #i in*es 9 l5g?4 ,9 fact1 a qu>t cup or t9 fruit c is frequ5tly us$ 9 %ap+ ! bun*4 ,home-made wood5 bun*]s are also 9 common use4 ,! ,acme asp>agus bun*] is ! be/1 com+ 9 two sizes4 ,! asp>agus is ti$ 9 two places ) raphia or s(t /r+1 & ?us makes a neat & attractive package4 ,! butts are cut (f squ>e ) a knife aft] ! bun* is f9i%$1 & 9 ?is %ape asp>agus w rema9 fre% = a long "t1 if kept /&+ 9 %all[ wat]4 ,9 ty+ up ! bun*es ! %oots are sep>at$ into two or ?ree sizes4 ,! small %oots are q z good = food z ! l>g] ones1 b ! latt] always br+ m money 9 m>ket1 :i* w>rants ! additional tr\ble involv$4 ,salt4--,salt is frequ5tly us$ on asp>agus b$s1 b n always4 ,salt is sometimes an indirect f]tiliz]1 act+ ^u f]tility already 9 ! soil1 & hav+ a di/9ct t5d5cy to attract & hold moi/ure1 b x has no direct f]tiliz+ influ5ce4 ,x has a b5eficial effect 9 help+ to *eck ! gr[? ( we$s4 ,f]tiliz]s4--,ka9it is an excell5t ?+ = asp>agus b$s1 z x conta9s a consid]able p]c5tage ( sulphate ( pota%1 :i* is a direct f]tiliz]4 ,x also conta9s a f\r? ( its bulk ( salt4 ,gr\nd bone1 :i* conta9s nitrog5 7ammonia7 & phosphoric acid1 is also a good ?+ to use on asp>agus4 ,x is v la/+ 9 its action1 & ) ! ka9it makes a complete manure1 especially 9 connection ) ! w9t] coat ( /able manure4 ,asp>agus is a gross fe$]1 & w take almo/ any am\nt ( f]tiliz]4 ,m>ket g>d5]s1 :o raise ! mo/ & be/ asp>agus1 dep5d ma9ly on enorm\s quantities ( fir/-class /able manure2 & ?is is probably ! be/ f]tiliz] ( all = ?is succul5t & valuable vegetable4 ,tools4--,no special tools are dem&$ 9 asp>agus culture1 ?\gh su* tools are on ! m>ket4 ,any long knife w d = cutt+ ! %oots1 al?\gh a v good knife is especially made ( solid /eel1 & c be b\ght = #be c5ts4 ,! cut %\ld be made j bel[ ! surface ( ! gr\nd1 c>e be+ tak5 n to injure o!r %oots j com+ up4 ,crook$ %oots (t5 make _! appe>ance1 result+ f injury done by ! cutt+ knife4 ,o!r causes1 su* z insects1 h>d soil1 etc41 produce crook$ or de=m$ %oots4 ,asp>agus bun*]s1 made ( wood & metal1 m5tion$ 9 ! se$ catalogues1 are sometimes us$1 ! ,acme1 h]et(ore ref]r$ to1 be+ ! be/ & *eape/4 ,illu/ration3 ,solid ,/eel ,asp>agus ,knife4 ,any light pl[ ) a :eel w answ] = ! asp>agus b$4 ,a light-weight h>r[ is also desirable4 ,:]e asp>agus tr5*es are laid out & dug by h& ( c\rse a g>d5 l9e mu/ be us$1 9 ord] to h !m /raight & uni=m4 ,! practice ( digg+ deep tr5*es = asp>agus /ill prevails to "s ext5t 9 private g>d5s1 b ! f>m g>d5] mu/ use *eap] me?ods4 ,roots p] ,acre4--,) r[s #e feet ap>t & plants #b feet ap>t 9 ! r[s1 x is evid5t t ea* plant repres5ts j #aj squ>e feet ( space4 ,h5ce1 ab\t #e1jjj asp>agus plants w\ld be requir$ = an acre ( l& set at ^! di/ances2 !y are1 h[ev]1 (t5 set clos] ?an ?is1 sometimes at ! rate ( #g1jjj roots & ov] p] acre4 ,an asp>agus b$ conta9+ #ajj roots w supply an ord9>y family4 ,,beans4 ,bean-gr[+ 9 a small way is fully w>rant$ 9 e g>d51 b on a l>ge scale x is a diff]5t "q1 be+ some:at a matt] ( soil & location4 ,food ,value4--,! bean is "o ( ! mo/ excell5t ( human foods4 ,its botanical k9%ip is close to ! pea1 & bo? are legumes4 ,! legum9\s plants1 x w be rememb]$1 h ! r>e ability ( obta9+ nitrog5 ?r\gh ! tub]cles on _! roots1 tak+ ?is exp5sive elem5t p>tly f ! air1 & n greatly impov]i%+ ! soil by _! gr[?4 ,some?+ ( ! food value ( ! bean may be le>n$ by comp>+ its *emical analysis ) t ( beef4 ,9 #ajj p\nds ( beans !re are #bc p\nds ( prote9 7nitrog5\s matt]71 :ile 9 #ajj p\nds ( beef !re are b ab\t #ae to #bj p\nds ( prote94 ,peas are almo/ z ri* z beans 9 prote91 :i* is ! tissue-build+ elem5t ( all foods1 &1 h5ce1 x is easy to realize ! fact t bo? beans & peas are foods ( ! highe/ economic value4 ,!y are /&>d foods ( ! _w1 ent]+ into ! diet ( soldi]s1 labor]s & p]sons ne$+ physical /r5g?4 ,x is g5]ally safe to gr[ beans = ! retail m>ket ( any t[n or c5tre ( population1 b to compete 9 ! op5 :olesale m>ket dem&s exp]i5ce & good equipm5t on ! "p ( ! gr[] to insure pr(its4 ,illu/ration3 ,improv$ ,r\nd ,gre5 ,pod ,extra ,e>ly ,val5t9e ,bean4 ,v>ieties & ,types4--,! v>ieties ( beans are well-nigh endless4 ,"s dem& poles1 :ile "s are dw>f1 be+ call$ bu% beans4 ,! influ5ce ( man has develop$ ! bean into a va/ numb] ( diff]5t =ms1 :i* frequ5tly %[ a disposition to rev]t or g back to "s ance/ral type1 no matt] h[ c>efully ! se$s may be kept4 ,! pole beans1 9 g5]al t]ms1 yield l>g] crops & be> ?r\gh a long] season ?an ! bu% beans4 ,! gre5-podd$ beans1 z a rule1 are m prolific & m h>dy ?an ! yell[-podd$ or wax beans4 ,! climb]s dem& a :ole season1 & be> until fro/4 ,! bu% beans are mo/ly employ$ :]e two or m crops are dem&$ p] ye> f ! gr\nd4 ,! s-call$ cut-%ort or snap-%ort beans are ^? 9 :i* ! :ole pod1 9 its gre5 /ate1 is us$ = food4 ,!y are ( bo? types1 climb+ & bu%4 ,! ,lima =ms include a numb] ( di/9ct beans1 diff]+ greatly 9 size & %ape & also 9 habit ( gr[?4 ,,bu% ,,beans 7gre5 pod74--,we recomm5d ,improv$ ,r\nd ,pod ,extra ,e>ly ,val5t9e2 also1 ,new ,giant ,/r+less ,val5t9e4 ,,bu% ,,beans 7yell[ pod74--,w>dwell's ,kidney ,wax & ,davis' ,:ite ,wax are l>gely gr[n 9 ! ,s\? = %ipm5t ,nor?4 ,val5t9e ,wax is recomm5d$ = ! ,nor?4 ,= descriptions1 see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,,:ite ,,field ,,or ,,s\p ,,beans4--,we recomm5d ,day's ,leafless ,m$ium & ,new ,sn[flake ,field4 ,= descriptions ( ^! & o!r v>ieties1 see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,,pole ,,lima ,,beans4--,we especially recomm5d ,=d's ,mammo? ,podd$ ,lima & ,sieb]t's ,e>ly ,lima4 ,,pole ,,snap ,,beans4--,gold5 ,&alusia ,wax is "o ( ! be/ yell[-pod pole beans1 & ,lazy ,wife's "o ( ! be/ gre5-pod sorts4 ,,dw>f ,,lima4--,dre]'s1 ,burpee's & ,h5d]son's repres5t ?ree di/9ct types4 ,= full descriptions ( beans1 see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,location4--,9 *oos+ a spot = bean culture ! f>m g>d5] %\ld select good mell[ soil t has be5 manur$ ! previ\s ye>4 ,fre% manure produces an excessive gr[? ( v9e at ! exp5se ( pods4 ,mak+ ,ready4--,mu* /able manure1 :i* is ri* 9 nitrog51 %\ld be avoid$4 ,9 good ord9>y soil1 ) "s rott$ manure f ! previ\s crop1 ! bean plant w d well4 ,x w obta9 nitrog51 9 great "p1 f ! air1 z already expla9$4 ,old manure is v favorable z a />t]1 z x conta9s ! m9ute organisms m5tion$ 9 ! prec$+ pages4 ,complete f]tiliz]s or ^? conta9+ phosphoric acid & pota% mu/ be suppli$4 ,only nitrog5 is d]iv$ f ! air4 ,soil ,inoculation4--,! soil ( a new bean pat* is sometimes inoculat$ ) soil f an old pat*1 to get quick action ( ! bact]ia 7little organisms71 :i* =m ! lumps or tub]cles on ! roots4 ,! scatt]+ ( a little soil ov] ! surface is all t is requir$4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 to avoid ! transf] ( soil = ?is purpose f a pat* affect$ ) ru/ or blight1 z diseases are c>ri$ f place to place ) only too mu* ease4 ,:5 to ,plant4--,beans may safely be plant$ :5 ! apple is 9 bloom1 9 ,may2 n s e>ly z peas1 z beans are less h>dy4 ,! gr\nd %\ld be dry & w>m4 ,beans ( all k9ds dem& %all[ plant+1 z ! se$s mu/ be lift$ f ! gr\nd 9 ! e>lie/ process ( gr[?4 ,! se$ swells1 bur/s1 s5ds a %oot 7radicle7 d[nw>d1 & ! two p>ts ( ! se$1 call$ ! se$-leaves1 are pu%$ up into ! daylight4 ,small r\nd beans c take c>e ( !mselves1 z !y turn easily 9 ! soil1 b lima beans (t5 p]i% 9 ! ef=t to get above gr\nd4 ,?is is :y lima beans %\ld always be plant$ eye d[n1 & less ?an an in* deep4 ,a half in* is deep en\gh = mo/ beans4 ,if lima beans are want$ extra e>ly1 !y %\ld be />t$ on small squ>es ( inv]t$ sod1 "u glass4 ,! e>lie/ bu% beans yield m>ketable pods )9 =ty to fifty days f plant+2 ! pole beans 9 f sev5ty to n9ety days f plant+4 ,!re %\ld be successional plant+s made ( ! bu% beans f ! fir/ date to )9 fifty days ( fro/4 ,! diff]5t types ( beans are fully & c>efully describ$ 9 ! se$ catalogues4 ,di/ances4--,poles = beans %\ld be set ab\t #d feet ap>t ea* way2 or1 9 s+le r[s1 ab\t #c feet ap>t4 ,n m ?an ?ree or f\r plants %\ld be all[$ to a hill4 ,wires /ret*$ betwe5 po/s1 ) /r+s d[n to ! gr\nd1 are sometimes us$4 ,! bu% beans are plant$ 9 r[s #c feet ap>t = horse culture1 or half t di/ance :]e a hoe or h& cultivator is to be us$4 ,! plants 9 ! r[s %\ld /& #c or #d in*es ap>t = be/ yield4 ,illu/ration3 ,plant ( ! ,new ,val5t9e ,wax ,bean4 ,! ,e>lie/ ,wax or ,yell[ ,podd$ ,snap ,%ort4 ,on a ,l>ge ,scale4--,9 l>ge field op]ations1 :]e ! dri$ bean is ! object 9 view1 a clov] sod is a favorite location4 ,! gr\nd is enri*$ by #djj or #ejj p\nds ( complete f]tiliz]1 & ! beans are plant$ ) a gra9 drill1 us+ e f\r? tube4 ,! culture is by horse-p[]1 & ! v9es are pull$ by h& or by means ( a bean-h>ve/]1 & ?re%$ ) a flail or gra9 ?re%]4 ,^! :ite groc]y beans are sold ev]y:]e 9 l>ge quantities4 ,cultivation4--,all bean cultivation %\ld be %all[4 ,no?+ is ga9$ by cutt+ ! fe$+ roots4 ,! climb+ sorts tw9e aga9/ ! sun2 t is1 9 a contr>y direction to ! app>5t motion ( ! sun4 ,! %oots mu/ be ti$ up sev]al times1 to keep !m on _! own poles4 ,diseases4--,! wor/ bean enemies are ru/ & blight4 ,9 new soil1 ) good wea!r1 ^! tr\bles seldom appe>4 ,dur+ prolong$ wet wea!r !re seems to be no help = !m4 ,spray+ ) ,bordeaux mixture is a prev5tive4 ,! spray+ %\ld be done 9 advance ( blossom+4 ,! se$ is sometimes soak$ 9 ,bordeaux mixture = an h\r :]e ru/ is anticipat$4 ,prev5tion is bett] ?an cure1 & new soil & fre% se$ are ! be/ precautions4 ,diseas$ v9es %\ld be burn$4 ,insects4--,! weevil :i* attacks ! bean is closely alli$ to ! pea weevil4 ,"s practical p say !re is no rem$y kn[n2 o!rs recomm5d heat+ ! beans to #ade deg4 = an h\r2 o!rs use bisulphide ( c>bon 9 a clos$ vessel1 along ) ! beans4 ,pr(its4--,by f> ! l>ge/ ca% receipts p] acre are obta9$ by sell+ beans 9 _! fre% /ate2 pref]ably 9 ! pods4 ,! production ( bu% beans 7pods7 may run up to #ge or #hj bu%els p] acre1 or ev5 m4 ,lima beans are m pr(itably sold 9 ! pods ?an %ell$1 ?\gh "s m>kets dem& ! %ell$ article4 ,! consum] gets a fre%] & bett] article 9 ! pods1 & ! produc] is sav$ mu* tr\ble1 & ?is me?od %\ld be enc\rag$4 ,beans %\ld be cool$1 if possible1 be=e %ipm5t 9 bulk to di/ant m>kets1 ?us avoid+ dang] f heat+1 m\ld+ & spott+4 ,,beets4 ,beets are produc$ 9 enorm\s quantities by m>ket g>d5]s ne> all l>ge cities1 bo? "u glass & 9 ! op5 gr\nd4 ,!y also h a place 9 ! f>m g>d51 z !y are ( easy culture4 ,illu/ration3 ,crosby's ,improv$ ,egyptian1 ! ,e>lie/ ,blood ,turnip ,beet4 ,excell5ce 9 ! table beet dep5ds p>tly on v>iety1 b ma9ly on ! quickness ( gr[?4 ,sweetness & succul5ce result f high culture 9 ri*1 mell[ soil4 ,mangels & sug> beets1 ( c\rse1 h a place on e f>m1 = /ock-fe$+ purposes1 & table beets may also be gr[n1 if good soil is available1 = m>ket purposes4 ,! w9t]-keep+ sorts are frequ5tly 9 dem&1 & may be includ$ among ! f>m]'s ca% crops4 ,no am\nt ( /able manure is excessive 9 beet-gr[+4 ,p>tially rott$ manure is be/4 ,= horse culture ! r[s %\ld be #c feet ap>t4 ,five to six p\nds ( se$ w plant an acre4 ,,plant+4--,plant+ may be done z soon z ! gr\nd c be work$ 9 ! spr+1 z ! beet is h>dy1 & n injur$ by a little fro/2 & successional plant+s may be made until ,june4 ,! ,june s[+ w produce autumn beets1 :i* c be /or$ = w9t] use or sale4 ,x is well to soak ! se$ 9 tepid wat] be=e plant+2 x %\ld be scatt]$ ?9ly 9 ! r[s & lightly cov]$4 ,9 dry wea!r ! soil mu/ be press$ firmly on ! se$1 to insure suffici5t moi/ure = g]m9ation4 ,! plants 9 ! r[s %\ld be ?9n$ out to #c or #d in*es4 ,x is v important to rememb] t ! m space ea* plant has ab\t x ! soon] w x rea* a m>ketable size4 ,beet plants /&+ #e in*es ap>t 9 ! r[ w be ready long be=e plants /&+ only #b in*es ap>t4 ,beets v>y 9 %ape v consid]ably4 ,"s are r\nd & "s are long1 ) int]m$iate grades4 ,! turnip-%ap$ beets are ! e>lie/1 :ile ! half-longs & longs are ! heavie/4 ,= m>ket purposes1 if sold 9 bun*es1 ! r\nd ones are ! mo/ pr(itable4 ,illu/ration3 ,=d's ,p]fect$ ,half-long ,beet4 ,! ,be/ ,w9t] ,keep]4 ,! color ( ! foliage v>ies greatly2 b ! color ( ! leaf is n always typical ( ! root4 ,"s ( ! blood beets h gre5 leaves4 ,!re are _m %ades & colors ( ! roots1 f deepe/ blood r$ to :ite1 ) zones ( p9k4 ,! beet is an excell5t & highly e/eem$ article ( food1 & is always 9 dem&4 ,,beets4--,= e>lie/1 we especially recomm5d ,crosby's ,improv$ ,egyptian & ,surprise2 = w9t]1 ,=d's ,p]fect$ ,half-,long4 ,please see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,m>ket+ & ,/or+4--,a bun* conta9s five1 six or sev5 beets1 ) tops ti$ toge!r & sup]flu\s leaves cut (f4 ,! bun*+ & topp+ may be done 9 ! field1 & ! bun*es aft]w>d wa%$ 9 a tub ( wat]1 by means ( a scrubb+ bru%4 ,x always pays to s5d roots to m>ket 9 a clean & attractive condition4 ,w9t] /orage 9 cell>s1 "u s&1 is (t5 practic$2 or ! beets may be kept 9 pits 9 ! op5 gr\nd1 cov]$ ) /raw & e>?4 ,enemies4--,! beet is rem>kably free f enemies ( any k9d4 ,! root sometimes cracks1 & is occasionally attack$ by insects1 b ! f>m] or g>d5] has little to fe> if soil be good & wea!r be favorable4 ,all f>m]s att5d+ m>ket %\ld h a few beets to help make up ! weekly load = ! wagon4 ,,cabbage4 ,e>ly cabbage is n a f>m g>d5]'s crop at ! ,nor?1 ?\gh 9 ! ,s\!rn ,/ates ! e>ly v>ieties c be gr[n by f>m]s = %ipm5t to ! great ,nor!rn m>kets4 ,! ,nor!rn f>m]1 unless provid$ ) glass1 usually f9ds m pr(it 9 ! lat] & l>g] sorts1 :i* mature 9 autumn4 ,soil4--,ri*1 loamy soil1 conta9+ mu* clay1 is be/ = ?is vegetable1 :i* is a rank fe$]4 ,l>ge am\nts ( manure are dem&$4 ,! manure is be/ appli$ 9 a p>tially rott$ =m1 z fre% manure ( any k9d 7especially hog manure7 is liable to produce ! disease or de=mity kn[n z club-root1 ! spores ( ! disease app>5tly be+ 9 ! fre% manure2 ?\gh l& too long cropp$ ) cabbage is likely to produce ! same disease )\t ! application ( fre% manure ( any k9d4 ,illu/ration3 ,e>ly ,j]sey ,wakefield ,cabbage4 ,se$4--,x is ( especial importance t good se$ be plant$1 z cabbage v>ies s mu* & %[s su* a disposition to g back to undesirable types t great dissatisfaction & loss att5d all exp]im5ts ) poorly-select$ se$4 ,! *oice ( se$ n infrequ5tly det]m9es ! size & success ( ! crop4 ,exp]t cabbage gr[]s are well aw>e ( ?is fact4 ,illu/ration3 ,johnson ,/okes ',m>ket ,g>d5]s' ,no4 #b1 ,valuable = ,e>ly ,summ] or ,w9t] ,cabbage4 ,plant+4--,! manure %\ld be broadca/$1 & an ample am\nt us$1 ) a high-grade f]tiliz] 9 ! r[4 ,! "y plants1 previ\sly />t$ 9 a se$-b$1 %\ld 7at ! ,nor?7 be set out 9 ,july4 ,! se$ = late cabbage is plant$ 9 ,may4 ,a qu>t] p\nd ( se$ w give en\gh plants = an acre4 ,! r[s %\ld be #d feet ap>t1 & ! plants #b-a_/b feet ap>t 9 ! r[s4 ,^! di/ances favor good cultivation & quick gr[?4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,new ,engl& ! se$ is s[n 9 ! op5 field1 9 r[s :]e ! cabbage is to gr[1 b ! practice ( transplant+ f se$b$s is f\nd mo/ satisfactory4 ,! ra9fall "h usually insures a fair crop ( cabbage1 b any crop :i* requires transplant+ 9 midsumm] is liable to delay or injury 9 case ( protract$ dry wea!r4 ,h5ce1 irrigation is desirable4 ,at ! di/ances j recomm5d$ = plant+ 7#d x #b-a_/b feet7 !re w\ld be #d1cef plants to ! acre4 ,9 ! case ( su* v>ieties z ,johnson ,/okes' ,e>lie/ & ,j]sey ,wakefield cabbage1 :]e ! numb] ( plants p] acre w\ld be p]haps #aj1jjj1 ! ,mi*igan ,exp]im5t ,/ation obta9$ #e1jjj m m>ketable heads p] acre "u irrigation ?an :]e wat] 0 n us$ ^u ! gr[+ crop4 7,?is fact is m5tion$ 9 a book on irrigation j issu$ by ! publi%]s ( ?is book74 ,v>ieties4--,! e>lie/ v>ieties ( cabbage h small1 conical heads2 ! midsumm] sorts mo/ly r\nd heads2 & ! late or drumhead sorts h l>ge1 flat heads4 ,!re are cabbages :i* nev] head2 z1 = in/ance1 ! coll>ds ( ! ,s\?2 & !re are v>ieties ( cr9kl$-leaf cabbages1 kn[n z ! ,savoy types4 ,! kales are closely relat$ to ! cabbages4 ,bo? cabbages & kales h purple-color$ =ms1 sometimes call$ r$ =ms4 ,,cabbage4--,= e>ly v>ieties = ! ,s\?1 we recomm5d ,johnson ,/okes' ,e>lie/1 ,e>ly ,j]sey ,wakefield & ,*>le/on ,wakefield2 = bo? e>ly & late 9 ! ,nor?1 ,johnson ,/okes' ,m>ket ,g>d5]s' ,no4 #b1 ,l\d]back's ,all ! ,ye> ,r\nd2 = late v>ieties = ! ,nor?1 ,new ,rock ,head ,w9t]1 ,johnson ,/okes' ,mat*less ,flat ,dut*1 ,dani% ,ball ,head4 ,! ,johnson ,/okes' ,h>d ,head+ ,savoy ,cabbage is ( r>e excell5ce4 ,= descriptions ( ! _m v>ieties ( cabbage1 please see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,cultivation4--,?or\gh horse cultivation betwe5 ! r[s %\ld be supplem5t$ by a h&-hoe betwe5 ! plants 9 ! r[s4 ,! cultivation mu/ be good & cont9u\s until ! heads beg9 to =m4 ,diseases & ,insects ,enemies4--,club root has be5 m5tion$4 ,x is a fung\s tr\ble4 ,! be/ rem$y is new gr\nd4 ,! black flea on v "y plants c be conqu]$ ) air-slack$ lime or wood a%es4 ,! cut worm is tr\blesome only 9 spr+2 n ) late cabbage4 ,! root maggot is sometimes v de/ructive1 bo? ) cabbage & caulifl[]4 ,new gr\nd is ! mo/ satisfactory rem$y4 ,gre5 aphides or lice (t5 foll[ lack ( /r5g? 9 ! cabbage4 ,pyre?rum p[d]1 air-slack$ lime1 k]os5e emulsion1 etc41 are us$ z rem$ies = lice4 ,! pyre?rum may be us$ dry or 9 wat]1 at ! rate ( a tablespoonful to two gallons4 ,! gre5 cabbage worm1 "o ( ! wor/ ( all enemies1 c be pretty effectually *eck$ by means ( air-slak$ lime du/$ ov] ! leaves4 ,o!r cat]pill>s yield to ! same treatm5t4 ,bur/+4--,bur/+ ( cabbage heads is caus$ by a second gr[?1 ! result1 p]haps1 ( cont9u$ wet wea!r1 or w>m wea!r foll[+ cold wea!r4 ,! be/ rem$y is to cut "p ( ! fe$+ roots1 ei!r by close cultivation or ) a hoe4 ,sell+4--,cabbage prices v>y betwe5 extremes t are f> sep>at$4 ,e>ly cabbage usually sells at a good pr(it4 ,summ] & autumn prices may be l[4 ,w9t] & spr+ prices are almo/ always fair1 & occasionally extra4 ,p5nsylvania f>m]s sometimes %ip to :olesal]s 9 ! cities & sometimes sell at public sale 9 ! op5 field1 9 ! autumn1 j z ! crop /&s4 ,! latt] plan is an excell5t "o1 :]e auction prices w>rant x4 ,x avoids ! co/ & risk ( /orage1 z ea* buy] removes & /ores 8 pur*ase4 ,/orage4--,cabbage w be> mu* freez+ )\t injury4 ,! art ( w9t] /orage is to put x :]e x w h ! fewe/ *anges ( temp]ature1 & :]e x w be cool & damp )\t be+ wet4 ,! mo/ common practice is to cov] two or ?ree r[s ( inv]t$ heads1 ) roots atta*$1 ) f #f to #ab in*es ( soil1 mak+ provision = good dra9age by dit*es on bo? sides ( ! w$ge-%ap$ heap4 ,illu/ration3 ,cutt+ ,johnson ,/okes' ,e>lie/ ,cabbage = ,m>ket4 ,photograph$ ,june #a/1 9 ! ,field ( ,messrs4 ,my]s ,b[man1 ! well-kn[n ,philadelphia ,m>ket ,g>d5]s4 ,?is 0 ! fir/ ,home-gr[n ,cabbage 9 ,philadelphia ,m>kets4 ,?is sy/em may be modifi$ s z to include six or m r[s ( inv]t$ cabbage1 ! heap be+ flat in/ead ( w$ge-%ap$ on top4 ,x does n turn wat] s well1 b 9 practice is usually satisfactory4 ,a good plan is to use ab\t #f in*es ( soil1 & to add /raw or litt] z ! cold increases4 ,"u a /eady l[ temp]ature x is no tr\ble to keep cabbage ?r\gh ! w9t]1 b x is h>d to provide aga9/ ! _m *anges ( our v>iable climate4 ,illu/ration3 ,johnson ,/okes' ,mat*less ,late ,flat ,dut* ,cabbage4 ,:]e heads are to be c>ri$ ov] = se$1 or :]e x is int5d$ to head up s(t cabbages dur+ ! w9t] 7a feasible ?+7 ! roots are set d[nw>d in/ead ( upw>d4 ,if c>e be tak5 to remove ! roots )\t mu* injury1 !y may be set 9 furr[s or tr5*es1 & ! e>? heap$ ov] ! cabbages j z 9 ! sev]al ways above m5tion$1 & !y w make decid$ gr[? dur+ _! life "u gr\nd4 ,9 fact1 a cabbage ) any sort ( immature head 9 ,novemb] w1 "u prop] managem5t1 be 9 good m>ketable condition 9 ,m>* or ,april4 ,solid freez+ 9 ! tr5*es is n necess>ily de/ructive1 b if ! temp]ature falls mu* bel[ #ae deg4 7at ! po9t occupi$ by ! heads71 !re is dang] t !y w p]i%4 ,!y may be 9 good edible condition aft] su* sev]e freez+1 b ! *ances are t !y w fail to gr[ if set out = se$4 ,! cabbage decays ) a /rong1 (f5sive smell :5 its tissues f9ally break d[n aft] repeat$ *anges ( temp]ature & moi/ure4 ,a uni=m temp]ature is favor$ by ! use ( e>? 9 /orage1 & ?\gh /orage 9 build+s & cell>s is q feasible1 !re is no?+ bett] or *eap] ?an ! soil ( ! op5 field4 ,if ! crop is n all to be m>ket$ at "o "t1 x is well to make a numb] ( sep>ate tr5*es1 s t ea* c be :olly cle>$ ( its cont5ts at a s+le op5+4 ,^! tr5*es & ridges mu/ be made ^u dry gr\nd1 :]e !re is no /&+ wat]4 ,= ,/ock4--,cabbages make good food = c[s1 b %\ld be f$ aft] milk+2 & froz5 cabbages %\ld nev] be f$ 9 any consid]able quantity1 z !y are liable to cause hov5 or bloat4 ,,c>rots4 ,a s&y soil or light loam is be/ = c>rots1 b !y w gr[ any:]e "u good culture4 ,enorm\s quantities are gr[n by ! m>ket g>d5]s1 bo? "u glass & 9 ! op5 gr\nd1 = use 9 s\ps & = season+ purposes4 ,! %ort or half-long v>ieties are dem&$ by ?is trade4 ,illu/ration3 ,av]age ,specim5s ( ,rubicon ,half-,long ,c>rots4 ,f>m g>d5]s w d be/ ) half-long & long k9ds1 unless a special dem& calls = ! small] c>rots4 ,! l>ge half-long & long ones are suit$ to bo? cul9>y & /ock-fe$+ purposes4 ,x requires f ?ree to f\r p\nds ( se$ to ! acre1 dep5d+ on ! di/ance betwe5 ! r[s4 ,! plants %\ld be f #c to #e in*es ap>t 9 ! r[s1 & ! r[s z ne> toge!r z is feasible = horse "w4 ,clean culture is dem&$4 ,! se$ mu/ be plant$ %all[1 & may g into ! gr\nd z e>ly z x c be work$ 9 ! spr+1 & f t "t until ! middle ( ,june4 ,! only dang] ab\t late plant+ is ! possibility ( dry wea!r4 ,! c>rot is q free f insect or o!r enemies1 z a rule1 & its culture is n difficult4 ,x dem&s ?9n+ & hoe+ aft] ! plants are well above gr\nd1 b no extra att5tion ( any k9d4 ,! w9t] /orage is ! same z = beets or turnips1 ei!r to be put away 9 e>?-cov]$ heaps or pres]v$ 9 a cool1 non-freez+ root cell>4 ,! s-call$ ,belgian c>rots 7bo? yell[ & :ite7 are us$ only z /ock food2 ?\gh ! o!r sorts1 su* z ,rubicon1 ,danv]s & ,long ,orange1 if 9 excess ( m>ket dem&s1 are equally good = /ock4 ,c[s & horses are fond ( !m1 & !y are mo/ :olesome4 ,! f>m g>d5] %\ld raise !m1 h[ev]1 = _! ca% value 9 ! produce m>kets4 ,! c>rot is 9 high favor ) good cooks ev]y:]e4 ,! c>rot does n dem& excessively ri* gr\nd2 9 fact1 too mu* manure t5ds to /imulate ! gr[? ( ! top at ! exp5se ( ! root1 & fre% manure makes ! root r\gh4 ,! small] c>rots are bun*$ & sold l radi%es or e>ly beets4 ,! l>g] k9ds are sold by measure--ab\t #fj c5ts or m p] basket at ?is "t 7,janu>y1 #ahih74 ,?is is at ! rate ( #a4ej p] b>rel1 or ab\t #cjj p] acre4 ,! crop is a good "o1 if ne> a m>ket :]e c>rots are dem&$4 ,,c>rot4--,we especially recomm5d ,rubicon ,half-,long = m>ket or /ock4 ,see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,,sweet ,,corn4 ,!re is no money crop m available to ! f>m g>d5] ?an sweet corn4 ,x w gr[ any:]e1 & ! "y e>s are always 9 dem&4 ,any sod l& pl[$ %all[ w yield a crop ( sweet corn4 ,x is easy 9 ?is latitude to h an unbrok5 succession ( m>ketable e>s f ,july #a/ to ,octob] #a/1 or ev5 some:at e>li] & lat]4 ,%all[ pl[+ & ! use ( a little f]tiliz] or compo/ 9 ! hills w put ! gr\nd 9 ord]4 ,a complete f]tiliz] is be/4 ,a compo/ conta9+ h5 manure is excell5t4 ,plant+4--,eight or t5 qu>ts ( se$ are requir$ to plant an acre ( corn 9 hills1 all[+ = replant+ ( :at is injur$ by grubs or o!r causes4 ,! l>g] v>ieties %\ld be plant$ #d feet by #c2 ! r[s #d feet ap>t & ! hills #c feet ap>t1 ) n m ?an ?ree /alks 9 a hill4 ,! small] v>ieties may be gr[n mu* clos]--#c feet by #b4 ,any me?od may be us$ 9 lay+ out a corn field t w give ea* /alk 7( ! l>ge k9ds7 ! equival5t ( #d squ>e feet ( gr\nd space4 ,! dw>f sweet corns dem& ab\t half t space4 ,v>ieties4--,! sweet corns require f sixty to eighty days to produce e>s fit = boil+4 ,! e>lie/ v>ieties are small1 & are lack+ 9 sweetness z comp>$ to ! be/ int]m$iate types4 ,/ill1 ! e>ly prices are s mu* bett] ?an midsumm] prices1 t ! e>ly v>ieties w always be gr[n = m>ket4 ,inde$1 ! be/ pr(its ( ! bus9ess are f ! extra e>ly & extra late sales4 ,sweet corn %\ld n be gr[n by %ipp]s :o are di/ant m ?an tw5ty-f\r h\rs f m>ket1 z ! e>s lose quality & flavor soon aft] be+ pull$ f ! /alks4 ,=ty-eight h\rs f m>ket is an extreme di/ance1 b is feasible if ! e>s c be *ill$ 9 a cold /orage h\se previ\s to %ipm5t2 o!rwise1 !y w heat & spoil4 ,ev5 :5 design$ = a ne>-by m>ket a load ( sweet corn e>s may heat & spoil dur+ a s+le night4 ,x is be/ to scatt] !m ^u ! grass1 if pull$ dur+ ! aft]noon = %ipm5t ! foll[+ morn+4 ,! mo/ pr(it to ! gr[] w be f\nd 9 e>s :i* are n too l>ge1 z corn is (t5 sold by ! doz51 ! l>ge sorts be+ too weighty4 ,! e>ly k9ds1 ?\gh small1 c be plant$ closely1 & a l>ge numb] ( e>s secur$2 & !y are out ( ! way s soon t ! gr\nd c be us$ = cel]y or o!r late crop4 ,cel]y c be set out betwe5 ! r[s ( corn1 & ?us be %ad$ to "s ext5t dur+ ! critical p]iod foll[+ transplant+4 ,! ,ev]gre5s1 ,e>ly & ,late1 & ! %oe-peg types1 su* z ,c\ntry ,g5tleman & ,zig ,zag ,ev]gre51 are among ! sweete/ ( all4 ,! gra9s are ( irregul> %ape & arrangem5t1 & ! appe>ance ( ! e>s is n altoge!r prepossess+4 ,:5 once kn[n1 h[ev]1 !y are 9 dem& by consum]s4 ,! r$-cob corns %\ld be cook$ by dropp+ into boil+ wat]4 ,if cook$ sl[ly1 ! r$ color ( ! cob affects ! appe>ance ( ! gra9s4 ,,sweet ,,corn4--,= fir/ e>ly1 we recomm5d ,burl+ton ,hybrid & ,mammo? ,:ite ,cory4 ,! =m] closely resembles a true sug> corn 9 appe>ance4 ,= second e>ly1 ,e>ly ,*ampion & ,new ,e>ly ,ev]gre52 = late1 orig9al ,/[ell's ,ev]gre51 ,c\ntry ,g5tleman1 ,zig ,zag ,ev]gre54 ,see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual = descriptions ( v>ieties4 ,cultivation1 ,enemies1 etc4--,%all[ culture1 frequ5tly repeat$1 is dem&$ by sweet corn4 ,! gr[? at fir/ is timid & sl[2 aft]w>d1 if well cultivat$1 ! /alks gr[ ) great rapidity & vigor4 ,illu/ration3 ,new ,e>ly ,ev]gre5 ,sweet ,corn4 ,to make ! mo/ ( ! /alks1 !y %\ld be cut z soon z possible aft] ! la/ e>s h gone to m>ket & f$ to /ock4 ,sweet corn /alks :5 dry make excell5t fodd]4 ,! ma9 enemies ( corn are ! cut worm1 :i* is only tr\blesome 9 spr+2 a fungus :i* attacks ! e>s & :i* is always mo/ preval5t on ! small1 e>ly sorts2 & a worm :i* cuts & injures ! gra9 :ile ! corn is 9 milk4 ,cr[s sometimes pull up ! se$s1 b c be dispos$ ( by scatt]+ a little yell[ corn on ! surface ( ! gr\nd ar\nd ! edges ( ! field4 ,z ! cr[ de/roys _m cut worms1 x is bett] to fe$ him ) corn ?an to %oot him4 ,! preval5ce ( fungus-tr\bl$ or smutty corn is probably a symptom ( weakness1 ! result ( plant+ too e>ly1 or ( too mu* wet wea!r4 ,all plants t are weak are liable to fungus attacks1 & x is ! e>ly corn t suff]s mo/4 ,?is corn is (t5 plant$ be=e ! gr\nd is suffici5tly w>m1 & !re is a consequ5t weakness ( gr[?4 ,indian corn1 at ,philadelphia1 %\ld n be plant$ be=e ,may #aj?1 & yet x is n uncommon to see g>d5]s plant+ sweet corn two weeks e>li]4 ,!y say !y are go+ to risk x4 ,! result may be a good crop ( corn1 or x may be a crop ( worms & fungus4 ,( c\rse1 ! high price ( ! fir/ corn 9 m>ket is ! excuse = ! unseasonable date ( plant+4 ,b x is n q fair to blame ! se$ or ! v>iety ( corn = :at is p>tly ! result ( ! g>d5]'s impati5ce4 ,all traces ( smut on corn /alks %\ld be burn$1 & n all[$ to be f$ to cattle4 ,! ,corn ,worm4--,f> m de/ructive & disa/r\s ?an smut is ! corn worm 7,helio?is armig]74 ,?is is ! cotton worm ( ! ,s\?1 !re call$ boll worm4 ,x is also sometimes call$ ! tomato worm4 ,x is ! l>va ( a day-fly+ mo?4 ,! difficulty 9 deal+ ) x is t :5 9 ! corn e> x is out ( ! rea* ( poison\s applications ( any k9d4 ,its depr$ations are ext5sive1 especially 9 e>ly corn4 ,x pref]s corn to all o!r foods1 & cotton plant]s protect _! crops by plant+ e>ly corn 9 ! cotton fields & !n de/roy+ ! corn & ! worms )9 ! e>s4 ,! be/ rem$y at ! ,nor? is to fe$ all wormy e>s to pigs2 & to pl[ ! corn l& 9 autumn1 :5 ! insects are 9 ! pupa or *rysalis /ate4 ,if turn$ up by ! pl[1 x is believ$ t !y mo/ly p]i%4 ,! worms are said to be cannibals1 eat+ ea* o!r to a great ext5t4 ,?is worm is1 p]haps1 ! greate/ enemy ) :i* ! gr[] ( sweet corn has to cont5d4 ,! plan ( fe$+ wormy e>s to pigs (f]s ! d\ble advantage ( de/roy+ ! enclos$ pe/s1 :ile at ! same "t fatt5+ ! pigs4 ,successional ,plant+4--,! skillful f>m] w arrange successional plant+s ( corn1 beg9n+ 7at ,philadelphia7 ,may #aj? & end+ ab\t ,july #aj?4 ,! fir/ & la/ plant+s %\ld be ( ! e>ly sorts2 ! int]m$iate plant+s ( ! full-siz$ v>ieties4 ,pr(its4--,pr(its dep5d on location4 ,! size ( ! crop %\ld approximate #a1jjj doz5s ( e>s p] acre1 & ! gross receipts %\ld be #ajj to #bjj p] acre1 m or less1 above ! value ( ! fodd]4 ,suck]+4--,"t is (t5 sp5t 9 pull+ ! suck]s f ! /alks ( sweet corn4 ,su* "t is wa/$4 ,if ! suck]s are let alone !y w n r$uce ! numb] or quality ( ! m>ketable e>s4 ,,hors]adi%4 ,f>m]s :o h soil t is bo? ri* & deep c f9d pr(it 9 gr[+ hors]adi% on a l>ge scale1 9 connection ) e>ly peas1 beans or sweet corn4 ,! sets are plant$ 9 ,may1 9 ! r[s betwe5 crops1 & aft] ! crops are remov$ ! hors]adi% makes its ma9 gr[?4 ,x is p]fectly h>dy1 & comes on rapidly dur+ ! late summ] & autumn mon?s4 ,:]e ! gr\nd is n /rong en\gh to produce l>ge roots ! fir/ ye>1 ! bus9ess w n prove v remun]ative4 ,! ,sets4--,hors]adi% sets are made by cutt+ small roots 7#a_/d to #a_/b in* 9 ?ickness7 into pieces #f or #h in*es long4 ,! upp] end is cut squ>e (f2 ! l[] end ) a slope4 ,?is is to get !m "r end up at plant+ "t4 ,! small roots are available 9 quantities 9 ! autumn1 :5 ! l>ge roots are trimm$ = m>ket4 ,! sets are kept 9 s& dur+ ! w9t]1 or buri$ 9 ! op5 gr\nd1 9 a c>efully-m>k$ spot1 :]e !y c be easily f\nd 9 ! spr+4 ,if plant$ #b feet ap>t 9 r[s #c feet ap>t1 ea* plant w repres5t #f squ>e feet ( space1 &1 h5ce1 ab\t #g1cjj sets w be ne$$ = an acre4 ,! me?od ( plant+ is to /rike out r[s1 & ) a long dibb] or cr[b> make holes #h or #aj in*es deep4 ,a set is dropp$ into ea* hole & ! e>? press$ ab\t x4 ,illu/ration3 ,ideal ,holl[ ,cr[n ,p>snip4 ,%oots w soon appe> above ! surface1 & :5 ! e>ly crop has be5 remov$ f ! l&1 ! hors]adi% %\ld be well cultivat$ once or twice4 ,little fur!r att5tion is ne$$4 ,! roots %\ld be lift$ ! same ye>1 9 ,decemb]1 & /or$ 9 an e>?-cov]$ heap or pit1 or else 9 s& 9 a root cell>4 ,! small lat]al roots %\ld be sav$ = ! next ye>'s sets4 ,!re is a good dem& = hors]adi%1 bo? :olesale & retail2 b prices %\ld be asc]ta9$ be=e go+ into ! bus9ess 9 a l>ge way4 ,good roots1 aft] trimm+ & wa%+1 %\ld weigh half a p\nd or m ea*4 ,,p>snip4 ,! cultural requirem5ts ( ! p>snip are q simil> to ^? ( ! c>rot4 ,any soil t is deep mell[ & mod]ately ri* may be us$ = p>snips4 ,fre% manure is to be avoid$1 z x makes ! roots r\gh4 ,illu/ration3 ,mammo? ,s&wi* ,isl& ,salsify z ,bun*$ = ,m>ket4 ,! se$ %\ld be plant$ 9 e>ly spr+1 :ile ! gr\nd is moi/1 z x g]m9ates v sl[ly4 ,x %\ld be cov]$ to a dep? ( half an in*1 & ! soil press$ d[n firmly4 ,! plants mu/ be ?9n$ out to /& #c or #d in*es ap>t4 ,! p>snip is a vegetable ( a p]fectly h>dy "*4 ,x may rema9 9 ! gr\nd1 j :]e x gr[s1 all w9t]4 ,! flavor is said to be improv$ by h>d freez+1 & no am\nt ( freez+ w hurt x4 ,x has a high value z human food1 & is dem&$ 9 l>ge quantities 9 "s m>kets4 ,x also has a high value z a /ock food1 especially = c[s4 ,x %\ld be f$ aft] milk+1 9 quantities n suffici5t to ta9t ! milk4 ,! price is v>iable1 b ab\t ! same z ! c>rot4 ,,p>snip4--,we recomm5d ,ideal ,holl[ ,cr[n4 ,= description1 see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,,salsify ,,or ,,oy/] ,,plant4 ,salsify1 oy/] plant or vegetable oy/] is a root ( easy culture & ( high food value4 ,9 %ape x resembles ! c>rot & p>snip1 & is z p]fectly h>dy z ! latt]4 ,! se$ %\ld be s[n an in* "u ! surface1 9 spr+1 9 r[s #b-a_/b to #c-a_/b feet ap>t1 & ! plants ?9n$ to /& #e in*es ap>t 9 ! r[s4 ,! culture is ! same z = p>snips4 ,fre% manure mu/ be avoid$1 z x makes ! roots ill-%ap$4 ,! roots1 "u good treatm5t1 w exce$ an in* 9 diamet]1 & may atta9 a size ( #b in*es or m4 ,!y may rema9 9 ! gr\nd ov] w9t]1 to be tak5 up :5ev] ! fro/ p]mits or !y may be tak5 up 9 late autumn & pres]v$ 9 s& 9 a cell>4 ,good salsify is 9 dem& :]e its m]its are kn[n4 ,,! ,,potato4 ,! cultivation ( ! potato is s well und]/ood by e ,am]ican f>m] & g>d5] t x seems unnecess>y to discuss ! details ( cutt+ ! tub]s1 plant+1 cultivat+1 h>ve/+1 etc4 ,! weak po9ts ( potato culture are mo/ commonly ! f]tiliz+ & ! treatm5t ( diseases4 ,^! w be briefly discuss$4 ,z to lack ( moi/ure1 to be rem$i$ by artificial wat]+1 ! read] is ref]r$ to our new book1 entitl$1 ,irrigation by ,*eap ,mod]n ,me?ods1 9 :i* a case is m5tion$ :]e wat] alone made a diff]5ce ( #abi bu%els p] acre 9 ! crop4 ,,potatoes4--,be/ = ! ,s\?1 ,bliss ,triumph1 ,pride ( ! ,s\?1 ,cr[n ,jewel1 ,e>ly ,?or\ghbr$4 ,g5]al crop 9 ! ,nor?--,h\lton ,e>ly ,rose1 ,table ,k+1 ,late ,puritan1 ,rural ,new-,york] ,no4 #b4 ,= descriptions ( ^! & o!r v>ieties1 see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,f]tiliz+4--,a ton ( potatoes 7#cc-a_/c bu%els7 conta9s #d4b p\nds ( nitrog5 7equal to #e4a p\nds ( ammonia71 #a4e p\nds ( phosphoric acid & #aj p\nds ( pota%4 ,?is %[s t nitrog5 & pota% are ! elem5ts ma9ly ab/ract$ f ! soil by a crop ( potatoes4 ,an analysis is n an infallible index ( :at mu/ be appli$ to any soil1 = t soil may be naturally ri* 9 "s "o f]tiliz+ elem5t & defici5t 9 ! o!rs4 ,only exp]im5t w det]m9e :at is be/4 ,b a k ( ! analysis ( ! crop is necess>y to intellig5t exp]im5tation4 ,nitrog5 & pota% w evid5tly be dem&$ 9 mo/ cases1 yet ! ,ohio ,/ation rec5tly reports t phosphoric acid has be5 ! controll+ factor 9 ! increase ( ! potato yields 9 ! trials made !re4 ,?is %[s h[ greatly soils v>y 9 _! requirem5ts4 ,illu/ration3 ,h>ve/+ ,se$ ,potatoes ne> ,h\lton1 ,aroo/ook ,c\nty1 ,ma9e4 ,b>ny>d manure w\ld answ] all purposes & w\ld be an ideal potato f]tiliz]1 except = ! fact t x s (t5 c>ries ) x ! spores ( su* diseases z blight1 scab & rot4 ,/ill1 b>ny>d manure 9 a p>tly rott$ condition is v widely us$ by potato gr[]s4 ,clov] sod is an excell5t s\rce ( nitrog51 z h]et(ore expla9$4 ,! clov] is1 p]haps1 ! be/ ( ! legum9\s crops = gre5 manur+ purposes4 ,_m successful potato f>m]s dep5d l>gely ^u clov]1 supplem5t+ x ) a small am\nt ( high-grade complete f]tiliz] 9 ! r[s4 ,:]e phosphoric acid is necess>y1 x c be _h 9 ! =m ( gr\nd bone or acidulat$ rock1 & pota% c be _h 9 ! =m ( sulphate or z ka9it4 ,:]e ! scab is preval5t1 x may prove bett] to use ka9it1 on acc\nt ( ! salt :i* x conta9s1 z w be pres5tly expla9$4 ,plant+4--,x requires f sev5 to t5 bu%els ( tub]s to plant an acre4 ,"s gr[]s use z mu* z fifte5 bu%els4 ,! date ( plant+1 dep?1 di/ance betwe5 r[s1 etc41 are details = individual det]m9ation4 ,flat culture is bett] ?an ridge culture1 s f> z cons]vation ( moi/ure is conc]n$4 ,x is important t good ,nor!rn-gr[n se$ be plant$2 tub]s :i* h n lo/ _! /r5g? by excessive spr\t+4 ,/orage 9 a cool1 d>k1 dry place is be/ = potatoes4 ,:e!r plant$ e>ly or late1 or at successional dates1 mu/ be det]m9$ by ! m>ket requirem5ts ( ! gr[]4 ,v>ieties4--,! v>ieties ( potatoes are _m1 & :ile x is wise to exp]im5t 9 a small way on new k9ds1 x is be/ to dep5d = bus9ess purposes on /&>d sorts t h be5 fully te/$4 ,irrigation4--,aft] ! f>m] has exhau/$ 8 be/ ef=ts 9 ! prep>ation & f]tilization ( ! soil1 & aft] good se$ has be5 plant$ & ! be/ possible culture giv51 !re may come a season ( prolong$ dr\? t w defeat 8 purpose ( secur+ a l>ge crop4 ,?is result is n common1 b nei!r is x r>e2 & :]e f>m]s are look+ t[>d ! high culture ( c]ta9 special crops1 x w\ld be well = !m to consid] ! matt] ( artificially wat]+ _! potato fields4 ,illu/ration3 ,an ,av]age ,tub] ( ,table ,k+1 ,"o ( ! ,be/ ,all ,ar\nd ,potatoes4 ,diseases & ,enemies4--,n c\nt+ dry wea!r1 :i* sometimes robs ! f>m] ( two-?irds ( 8 crop1 !re are f\r diseases :i* ex]t a disa/r\s influ5ce on ! potato1 & :i* are liable to occur any season4 ,two ( ^! diseases are ( ! leaf & /em & two ( ! tub]s4 ,! two leaf tr\bles are respectively kn[n z blight or d[ny mildew & ! ,macrosporium disease4 ,! two tub] tr\bles are scab & rot4 ,leaf ,blights4--,no attempt w be made "h to sep>ately describe ! two leaf diseases4 ,bo? de/roy ! foliage & *eck ! fur!r gr[? ( bo? v9e & tub]4 ,! leaves turn br[n or black1 & ! /em quickly wilts & falls4 ,!re c be no gr[? ( tub] )\t vigor\s heal? ( v9e4 ,spray+ ) ,bordeaux mixture1 9 advance ( ! occurr5ce ( any disease1 is recomm5d$4 ,bordeaux mixture = ?is purpose is made by us+ six p\nds ( copp] sulphate & f\r p\nds ( quick lime1 dissolv$ 9 sep>ate wood5 vessels1 & ! lime wat] p\r$ into ! dissolv$ blue /one4 ,?is %\ld be dilut$ ) wat] suffici5t to fill a =ty-five gallon b>rel4 ,p>is gre5 to ! am\nt ( f "o-qu>t] to ?ree-qu>t]s ( a p\nd to ! b>rel %\ld be add$1 to de/roy beetles & o!r insects4 ,! v9es %\ld be spray$ five or six times1 beg9n+ :5 !y are #f in*es high1 at int]vals ( t5 days or two weeks4 ,dur+ ra9y wea!r ! spray+ %\ld be m frequ5t ?an dur+ cle> wea!r4 ,! object is to prolong ! life & vigor ( ! v9es4 ,! co/ ( ! five or six spray+s1 includ+ labor at #a4ej p] day1 is put at n above #f p] acre1 :ile ! crop at /ake may be affect$ to ! ext5t ( scores ( bu%els4 ,scab & ,rot4--,! evid5ce ab\t scab & rot is /ill contradictory1 b x is likely t ^! diseases w pres5tly be "u control4 ,at ! ,new ,j]sey ,/ation1 ,pr(essor ,hal/$ completely conqu]$ scab ) an application ( #cjj p\nds ( fl[]s ( sulphur p] acre scatt]$ 9 ! r[s1 :ile ! same treatm5t at ! ,ohio ,/ation 0 less successful4 ,at ! latt] /ation b5efit 0 f\nd 9 ! use ( salt1 ka9it1 sulphate ( pota%1 etc4 ,! v>i\s exp]im5ts & obs]vations on potato scab & rot seem to indicate t scab fl\ri%es be/ on a soil incl9$ to be alkal9e1 :ile rot is mo/ preval5t on a soil incl9$ to be acid4 ,! use ( lime increases scab1 :ile ! use ( ka9it dim9i%es x4 ,! be/ practice1 !re=e1 "u pres5t k1 w\ld be to use clean se$ on new gr\nd1 avoid+ fre% /able manure4 ,clean se$ c be _h by treat+ tub]s ) corrosive sublimate4 ,?is sub/ance is dissolv$ to ! am\nt ( #b-a_/d ounces1 9 two gallons ( hot wat]1 & 7aft] /&+ a day7 dilut$ ) wat] s z to make fifte5 gallons4 ,9 ?is solution ! uncut se$ potatoes %\ld be soak$ = an h\r & a half4 ,all unplant$ se$ potatoes %\ld be de/roy$1 z ! corrosive sublimate is highly poison\s4 ,! use ( sulphur1 z recomm5d$ by ,pr(essor ,hal/$1 w prove entirely satisfactory 9 "s soils4 ,9 o!rs1 ! use ( ka9it or sulphate ( pota% or acid phosphate w\ld no d\bt be f\nd pref]able4 ,:]e soil is badly affect$ ) disease g]ms1 x is unque/ionably bett] to seek a new field ?an to attempt to dis9fect ! old "o4 ,a rotation ( crops w probably re/ore diseas$ l& to heal? m *eaply & m ?or\ghly ?an any o!r process4 ,pr(its4--,( potato pr(its x is n necess>y to speak1 except to rem>k t x co/s b little m to produce #cjj bu%els to ! acre ?an #ajj bu%els4 ,!re c be no d\bt :atev] t x pays h&somely to spray potato v9es ) ! ,bordeaux mixture4 ,,pumpk9s ,,& ,,squa%es4 ,illu/ration3 ,mammo? ,gold5 ,ca%aw ,pumpk91 ,"o ( ! ,be/ = ,m>ket or ,/ock ,fe$+4 ,!re is no cle> divid+ l9e betwe5 pumpk9s & squa%es1 z !y belong to ! same botanic family--! ,cucurbita4 ,"s memb]s ( ! gr\p are cle>ly pumpk9s1 & o!rs j z cle>ly squa%es1 b :5 an attempt is made to draw a %>p l9e betwe5 !m1 we get into difficulty4 ,9 g5]al t]ms ! pumpk9 has a s(t r9d or %ell & ! squa% a h>d r9d4 ,b ev5 ?is ?umbnail te/ is n infallible4 ,^! vegetables belong on ! f>m1 on acc\nt ( ! l>ge gr\nd space occupi$ by ! v9es4 ,pumpk9s may be economically gr[n 9 corn fields1 ! se$s be+ plant$ along ) ! corn--"o pumpk9 se$ to e f\r? hill4 ,no special c>e is ne$$ besides ! cultivation giv5 ! corn4 ,f>m]s %\ld give f> m att5tion to gr[+ squa%es1 z !y are mu* sup]ior to pumpk9s 9 food quality1 bo? = ! table & = /ock4 ,!re are numb]s ( excell5t squa%es n[ catalogu$ by ! se$sm5 :i* _m f>m]s h nev] tri$1 b :i* are wor?y ( cultivation = m>ket purposes4 ,:5 a f>m] by exp]im5t has f\nd a high-quality squa% adapt$ to 8 soil1 he has put himself 9 possession ( a product ( p]man5t m>ket value4 ,,pumpk94--,we especially recomm5d ,mammo? ,gold5 ,ca%aw & ,w9t] ,luxury4 ,= descriptions1 see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,,squa%4--,e>ly v>ieties--,mammo? ,:ite ,bu% ,scallop$1 ,giant ,summ] ,crookneck4 ,w9t]-keep+ v>ieties--,sweet ,nut1 ,faxon1 ,*icago ,w>t$1 ,hubb>d1 ,e>ly ,prolific ,orange ,m>r[4 ,= descriptions1 see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,,tomatoes4 ,tomatoes may ju/ly be rat$ among ! lead+ crops available to f>m g>d5]s4 ,!re is always a brisk m>ket = select$1 c>efully-wa%$ tomatoes1 pack$ 9 new baskets4 ,su* produce is seldom (f]$ 9 excessive quantities4 ,any good corn l& w produce good tomatoes4 ,excessive manur+ is likely to /imulate ! v9es at ! exp5se ( ! fruit4 ,a little complete f]tiliz] or compo/ 9 ! hills is desirable4 ,tomato se$ ( e>ly v>ieties %\ld be />t$ "u glass4 ,! se$ is s[n on heat & ! plants once or twice transplant$1 & put 9 ! op5 gr\nd z soon z dang] ( fro/ is ov]4 ,little is ga9$ by sett+ out too e>ly1 :5 ! gr\nd is cool4 ,! tomato is ( tropical orig91 & makes rapid gr[? only at a temp]ature ( #fe deg4 or upw>d4 ,inde$1 x is suspect$ t "o ( ! wor/ diseases to :i* ! tomato is liable1 ! blight1 is enc\rag$1 if n :olly caus$ by too e>ly plant+ 9 ! op5 gr\nd4 ,v>ieties & ,plant+4--,at #d feet ap>t ea* way1 x w require ab\t #b1gjj tomato plants = an acre ( l&4 ,9 op5 field culture ! tomato is always all[$ to lie ^u ! gr\nd4 ,9 g>d5 culture1 x is (t5 ti$ to /akes or support$ on trellises4 ,?ree ounces ( se$ w raise suffici5t plants = an acre4 ,!re are _m v>ieties ( tomatoes1 includ+ ! e>ly & late m>ket sorts1 ! yell[ k9ds1 & ! little pe>-%ap$ & plum-%ap$ tomatoes1 bo? r$ & yell[1 us$ 9 pickl+4 ,! ideal m>ket tomato is "o ( m$ium size & smoo? %ape4 ,x mu/ h firmness & dep?1 & ! quality ( rip5+ ev5ly all ov]4 ,!re %\ld be nei!r gre5ness nor wr9kles ar\nd ! calyx1 nor %\ld ! fruit be ( irregul> %ape4 ,z to color1 x is a matt] ( ta/e & neighborhood pref]5ce4 ,"s m>kets dem& r$ & "s purple fruit4 ,,tomato4--,we recomm5d1 = e>lie/1 ,atlantic ,prize & ,money ,mak]2 = second e>ly & ma9 crop1 ,br9ton's ,be/1 ,new ,=tune2 = late1 ,br&yw9e1 ,cumb]l& ,r$1 ,/one4 ,= descriptions1 see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,successional ,plant+4--,if ! fir/ tomato plants be set 9 ! op5 gr\nd 7at ,philadelphia7 ,may #ae? to #bj?1 !re %\ld be at lea/ "o & pref]ably two lat] crops1 because "y1 vigor\s plants yield ! mo/ & be/ fruit4 ,x is good practice to s[ tomato se$ 9 ! op5 gr\nd1 say ab\t middle ( ,may1 & aga9 some:at lat]4 ,^! out-(-door plants w come =w>d v rapidly1 & w be ready to produce late summ] & autumn crops4 ,illu/ration3 ,atlantic ,prize ,tomatoes1 z !y ,appe> = ,sale on ,fruit ,/&s1 etc41 dur+ ! ,spr+ ,mon?s4 ,cultivation4--,! tomato is ( ! easie/ cultivation1 & w gr[ ev5 "u neglect1 b x s abundantly repays att5tion1 t no f>m] c af=d to be c>eless ab\t ! matt]4 ,! nights ( ,may are cool 9 ! ,nor?1 & ! newly-set plant at fir/ makes little gr[?4 ,cultivator & h&-hoe %\ld bo? be kept 9 motion dur+ ?is p]iod1 & 9 ,june also4 ,9 ! latt] mon? ! tomato w make a sudd5 leap t[>d maturity1 & w yield ripe fruit 9 ,july4 ,! out-(-doors cropp+ season la/s = ?ree full mon?s4 ,! tomato is n[ gr[n "u glass almo/ ev]y:]e1 & is to be _h 9 ! m>ket dur+ all ! mon?s ( ! ye>4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,great ,b4 ,b4 7,br9ton's ,be/7 ,tomato1 ,be/ = ,ma9 ,crop4 ,! out-(-doors season is pr(itably prolong$ by pick+ all ! mature or ne>ly mature fruit :5 ! fir/ fro/ comes1 9 ,octob]1 & plac+ ^! unripe tomatoes on /raw 9 a cold frame4 ,cov]$ ) /raw & ) ! sa% to keep out fro/1 ! fruit rip5s 9 a satisfactory mann] = sev]al weeks4 ,su* a frame mu/ be well v5tilat$ or ! tomatoes w rot r ?an rip54 ,illu/ration3 ,new ,=tune1 "o ( ! ,be/ ,second ,e>ly ,tomatoes4 ,diseases & ,enemies4--,tomato diseases1 =tunately1 are n num]\s4 ,blight sometimes sweeps (f a :ole field ( e>ly-set tomato plants1 on f>ms :]e lat] plant+s are q heal?y4 ,?is favors ! !ory t blight results f weakness caus$ by e>ly plant+ 9 cold gr\nd4 ,x is a fung\s disease1 & may sometimes be prev5t$ by ! use ( ,bordeaux mixture4 ,! same rem$y is ! be/ kn[n prev5tive ( black rot4 ,potato bugs may be ei!r h&-pick$ or poison$ ) ,p>is gre54 ,! tobacco worm sometimes causes mu* damage to ! tomato4 ,all diseas$ or blight$ tomato v9es %\ld be promptly burn$1 & ! crop c>ri$ to new soil ! foll[+ ye>4 ,m>ket+1 ,pr(its1 etc4--,z already /at$1 *oice tomatoes 9 clean baskets are always 9 dem&1 & a new basket w usually pay = itself on a s+le sale4 ,! sum ( #aej p] acre may be quot$ z ! av]age gross receipts f tomatoes at pres5t prices4 ,?is e/imate is bas$ on ! l[ yield ( a half-peck ( fruit to ea* v9e at #be c5ts p] basket4 ,if sold retail1 ! tomatoes w\ld comm& m money1 :ile if sold 9 bulk to a cann+ factory ! gross receipts might be l>g] or small]1 dep5d+ on ! size ( ! g5]al crop & o!r circum/ances4 ,,turnips ,,& ,,ruta ,,bagas4 ,turnips & ruta bagas are closely relat$4 ,! latt] are turnips 9 fact1 & are frequ5tly call$ ,sw$es4 ,! common me?od on _m f>ms is to s[ turnips broadca/1 b x is a f> bett] practice to s[ bo? ^! & ! ruta bagas 9 drills1 s t !y c be kept cle> ( we$s & work$ by horse-p[]4 ,n only are ^! advantages secur$1 b ! r[ sy/em makes x possible to take out ! sup]flu\s plants1 & secure roots ( uni=m size & %ape4 ,turnips & ruta bagas h high economic value z foods1 bo? = humanity & = live /ock4 ,turnips4--,turnips are gr[n = m>ket purposes bo? 9 spr+ & 9 fall4 ,9 ! spr+ ! se$ %\ld be s[n e>ly1 9 mell[ soil4 ,= ! fall crop ! se$ may be s[n ei!r 9 ,july or ,augu/4 ,! r[s 9 g>d5 or field may be z close z c be conv5i5tly work$4 ,,turnip4--,= e>lie/1 we recomm5d ,purple ,top & ,:ite ,milan4 ,= fall crop1 ,mammo? ,purple ,top ,globe & ,gold5 ,ball4 ,= descriptions1 see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,illu/ration3 ,budlong or ,bread/one ,turnip4 ,ruta ,bagas or ,sw$es4--,! se$ ( ruta baga or ,sw$i% turnip %\ld be s[n 79 ! latitude ( ,philadelphia7 9 ,july1 a little e>li] ?an ! se$ ( ! common turnip4 ,! gr\nd %\ld be well enri*$ ) rott$ manure1 ! r[s #b-a_/b to #c feet ap>t1 ! se$ cov]$ to ! dep? ( half an in*1 & ! plants aft]w>d ?9n$ out s z to /& #f or #h in*es ap>t 9 ! r[4 ,! crop is almo/ always l>ge & satisfactory4 ,,ruta ,,baga4--,we recomm5d ,my]'s ,purple ,top ,beauty & ,budlong4 ,= descriptions1 see our ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,illu/ration3 ,my]'s ,purple ,top ,beauty ,ruta ,baga4 ,/orage4--,turnips ( all k9ds sell well 9 ! w9t] m>kets1 to say no?+ ( _! high value z /ock foods4 ,!y are easily pres]v$ 9 root cell>s1 cov]$ ) s&1 or 9 pits 9 dry soil1 cov]$ ) /raw & e>? to prev5t freez+4 ,illu/ration3 ,di/ribution ( ,wat] ?r\gh ,home-made ,hose ,pipe4 ,an ,illu/ration f our ,new ,book--,irrigation by ,*eap ,mod]n ,me?ods4 ,no ,g>d5] %\ld miss ,read+ ?is ,"w4 ,see page #abe4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,vegetables ,,suit$ ,,to ,,f>m ,,culture ,,9 ,,"s ,,locations4 ,9 ?is portion ( ! book are gr\p$ a numb] ( vegetables n adapt$ to e f>m or location4 ,! li/ includes cel]y1 wat] cress1 cucumb]s1 egg plants1 kale1 lettuce1 melons1 mu%rooms1 onions1 peas1 radi%es1 rhub>b1 sp9a*1 sweet potato1 etc4 ,:]e favor$ locations = _! production exi/ on f>ms !y may be gr[n ) pr(it1 if m>kets are accessible4 ,,cel]y4 ,on v _m f>ms !re are mead[s ) deep1 ri* soils t are n[ ly+ "u grass2 or1 worse1 "u tussocks & swamp we$s4 ,"s locations are subject to disa/r\s ov]fl[ dur+ fre%ets1 b innum]able spots exi/ :]e su* mead[s c\ld ) safety be conv]t$ into cel]y g>d5s1 capable ( easy irrigation1 ei!r situat$ above ! level ( floods or susceptible ( artificial protection by means ( *eap embankm5ts4 ,su* situations are entirely too valuable to use = pa/urage4 ,!y are ! truck g>d5s ( ! future4 ,p]fect ,cel]y4--,! object 9 cel]y-gr[+ is to produce ?ick1 robu/1 t5d]1 solid1 crisp1 sweet leaf /alks1 free f ru/ or insect attacks4 ,! ess5tials are ri* l& & pl5ty ( wat]1 & skill is requir$ 9 ! two po9ts ( blea*+ & /or+4 ,b !re are no my/]i\s processes to be le>n$4 ,! ,kalamazoo gr[]s h1 x is true1 a r>e advantage 9 _! deep muck soil1 ) a p]man5t wat] level only a few in*es or feet bel[ ! surface1 b _! success dep5ds on accuracy ( work+ detail almo/ z mu* z on p]fection ( soil4 ,x is n necess>y to g to ,mi*igan = good cel]y gr\nd4 ,f]tiliz]s4--,! be/ kn[n f]tiliz] = cel]y is ?or\ghly rott$ b>ny>d manure4 ,fre% manure is to be avoid$ = sev]al reasons4 ,x is less available = plant food1 m likely to produce ru/1 & m liable to op5 ! soil & r5d] x too dry4 ,comm]cial f]tiliz]s are n infrequ5tly us$1 b !re is a decid$ pref]5ce among _m cel]y gr[]s = ! rott$ /able product4 ,%all[ pl[+ 7#e in*es7 is practic$1 z cel]y roots d n g deep4 ,plant+4--,x requires f #bj1jjj to #ce1jjj cel]y plants to ! acre1 accord+ to _! di/ances ap>t4 ,9 ! int5se culture at ! great cel]y c5tres two crops 7& ev5 ?ree crops7 ( cel]y are gr[n ^u ! l& p] ye>1 by a sy/em ( plant+ betwe5 r[s1 b 9 ! op]ations ( f>m g>d5]s n m ?an "o crop p] season is gr[n4 ,?is may foll[ an e>li] m>ket crop1 su* z peas1 beans1 onions or sweet corn1 ?\gh :]e ! f>m] is h>d pu%$ ) o!r "w1 ! cel]y may be gr[n )\t any o!r crop prec$+ x1 b n ^u newly-turn$ sod l&1 z ! e>? %\ld be loose & mell[4 ,se$ = e>ly cel]y mu/ be />t$ "u glass1 b ! f>m] w f9d 8 be/ cel]y m>ket 9 ! autumn4 ,april w1 !re=e1 be ample "t = s[+ ! se$1 :i* %\ld be scatt]$ ?9ly 9 r[s 9 f9ely-rak$ mell[ soil 9 ! op5 gr\nd1 & cov]$ lightly4 ,! se$ is v sl[ to g]m9ate1 & ! b$ %\ld be copi\sly wat]$ until ! plants are well />t$4 ,9 small op]ations1 x is well to transplant at lea/ once4 ,9 l>ge op]ations1 ! plants are ?9n$ out 9 ! orig9al r[s1 & c>ri$ f !nce direct to ! field4 ,! upp] leaves & ! tips ( ! roots are cut (f1 & ! plants are set firmly 9 ! soil by means ( a dibb]4 ,illu/ration3 ,j4 ,s4 ,gold] ,self-,blan*+ ,cel]y ,prep>$ = ,m>ket4 ,dates & ,di/ances4--,july is a prop] "t = sett+ out cel]y2 pref]ably aft] a ra9 or dur+ dull wea!r4 ,! r[s may be f #c to #e feet ap>t1 dep5d+ on ! purpose ( ! plant]1 & ! plants #e or #f in*es ap>t 9 ! r[s4 ,if ! cel]y is to be /or$ = blan*+1 #c-;feet r[s may be us$4 ,if x is to be blan*$ 9 ! field1 ! di/ance betwe5 ! r[s %\ld be great]1 s t m loose soil w be available = hill+4 ,"o ounce ( cel]y se$ w furni% #b1ejj to #c1jjj plants4 ,a half p\nd is suffici5t to furni% plants = an acre4 ,ev5 on good gr\nd cel]y %\ld n be set out lat] ?an ,augu/ #ae? 79 ! latitude ( ,philadelphia71 & pref]ably e>li]4 ,! sy/em ( level plant+ is practic$ by l>ge gr[]s ev]y:]e4 ,tr5*+ is /ill foll[$ 9 "s private g>d5s1 b is too exp5sive = comm]cial op]ations4 ,v>ieties4--,! s-call$ dw>f & half-dw>f v>ieties h pu%$ ! l>g] k9ds out ( ! m>ket almo/ entirely1 ?\gh se$ ( ! giant sorts c /ill be obta9$4 ,! dw>f k9ds are l>ge en\gh = all purposes1 h[ev]1 & are 9 be/ favor ev]y:]e4 ,!y are ab\t #ah in*es high1 z comp>$ to twice t height 9 ! old-fa%ion$ giant types4 ,! favorites ( late ye>s = e>ly cel]y are ! self-blan*+ sorts1 su* z ,:ite ,plume & ,gold5 ,self-,blan*+1 :i* are ! result ( ! cont9u$ selection ( individual plants or sports %[+ a t5d5cy to blan* easily4 ,= w9t] keep+1 ! ,p]le ,le ,gr&1 ,w9t] ,que5 & ,p]fection ,he>twell are ! be/4 ,^! v>ieties are beautiful z well z highly palatable4 ,!re are also r$ or p9k sorts1 ( high table m]it & good keep+ qualities4 ,,cel]y4--,we recomm5d ,gold5 ,self-,blan*+ & ,:ite ,plume = e>ly1 ,p]le ,le ,gr& = bo? e>ly & late & ,w9t] ,que5 = late4 ,! latt] is ! v be/ keep]4 ,see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,cultivation4--,! prop] culture ( ! cel]y has already be5 sugge/$ 9 ! allusion to its ne$ = wat] & its %all[ fe$+ habits4 ,! surface soil %\ld be highly enri*$1 ! /irr+ ( ! soil v %all[1 & ! wat] supply copi\s1 ei!r by capill>y attraction f bel[ 7z at ,kalamazoo7 or by ra9fall or artificial irrigation4 ,blan*+4--,! fir/ /ep 9 ! process ( blan*+ or blea*+ is :at is kn[n z h&l+4 ,?is op]ation consi/s 9 grasp+ all ! leaves ( a cel]y plant 9 "o h&1 :ile ) ! o!r ! soil is drawn toge!r & pack$ s z to hold ! /alks 9 an upright1 compact position4 ,?is s+le op]ation w fit "s ( ! e>ly-plant$ sorts = m>ket 9 ! c\rse ( two weeks2 ?\gh a second op]ation1 call$ hill+1 is usually consid]$ desirable1 ev5 ) ! self-blan*+ sorts4 ,see photograph on fir/ page4 ,! ,kalamazoo gr[]s dep5d on muck = field blan*+1 ?\gh !y also use bo>ds4 ,muck is m]ely a d>k soil1 conta9+ or consi/+ ma9ly ( vegetable matt]4 ,!y fir/ h&le1 z j describ$1 & ab\t five days lat] draw #f in*es m ( ! muck ab\t ! cel]y /alks4 ,aga91 ?ree days lat]1 !y draw an additional #b in*es ab\t ! /alks1 & 9 two weeks f ! />t ! cel]y is ready = m>ket4 ,^! op]ations are frequ5tly done by two m5 work+ toge!r1 "o hold+ ! /alks & ! o!r draw+ ! soil to !m4 ,! fir/ op]ation puts ! /alks 9 an upright1 compact position1 s t little or no soil c get into ! he>t ( ! plant4 ,! second draws ab\t ! plant all ! soil t w conv5i5tly rema9 !re4 ,! ?ird m]ely supplem5ts ! second1 z ! hill has _h "t to become some:at firm & has settl$ away a little f ! upp] leaves4 ,bo>ds are us$ = summ] blan*+1 z !y are less heat+ ?an soil4 ,ord9>y lumb]1 free f knot holes1 is employ$4 ,! bo>ds re/ on _! edges1 "o bo>d on ea* side ( ! r[1 ! tops be+ drawn toge!r until )9 #b-a_/b in*es ( ea* o!r1 & ! l[] edge ( ! bo>d held 9 place ei!r by /akes or by soil4 ,! "w ( h&l+ or hill+ mu/ be done only :5 ! cel]y is dry & unfroz54 ,9 fact1 cel]y mu/ nev] be h&l$ :5 wet 7except :5 prep>+ x = m>ket71 or x w surely be ru/$ & spoil$4 ,! same practices ( blan*+ cel]y z "h m5tion$ 9 connection ) ! ,kalamazoo op]ations are 9 vogue ne> ,philadelphia & o!r ,ea/]n cities1 & are n new4 ,! real reason t ,kalamazoo is s celebrat$ is h] possession ( t wond]ful black muck soil1 und]laid ) /&+ wat]4 ,?is has attract$ ! be/ cel]y gr[]s ( ! c\ntry2 m5 :o h small places ( f "o to ?ree acres1 & :o "w out e detail to p]fection1 employ+ little labor outside ( _! own families & conc5trat+ _! ef=ts on ! production ( p]fect cel]y crops4 ,!re are ext5sive cel]y gr[]s at ,kalamazoo1 ) tracts ( ?irty or m acres devot$ exclusively to ?is vegetable1 b ! majority ( ! g>d5s !re are small1 & mu* h&-"w is done4 ,w9t] ,/orage4--,! art ( ! w9t] /orage ( cel]y1 z practic$ by l>ge gr[]s1 is n h>d to le>n4 ,bo? at ,kalamazoo & "h 9 ! ,ea/]n ,/ates !re are two me?ods 9 vogue4 ,"o is ! use ( especially-built h\ses1 & ! o!r is ! op5-field plan4 ,illu/ration3 ,blan*+ ,cel]y ) ,bo>ds4 ,illu/ration3 ,w9t] ,que51 ! ,be/ ,late ,w9t] ,keep+ ,cel]y4 ,! cel]y h\se or coop is a l[ frame /ructure1 half "u gr\nd1 g5]ally #ad or #af feet wide1 & z long z may be desir$4 ,!re is a door 9 "o end & a w9d[ 9 ! o!r4 ,! sides1 ends & ro( are d\ble & fill$ ) sawdu/4 ,!re are wood5 *imneys or v5tilators at int]vals ( #ab feet along ! peak ( ! ro(1 & sometimes !re are glass w9d[s 9 ! ro(1 provid$ ) wood5 %utt]s4 ,! cel]y /&s ^u ! floor1 :i* is ( loose soil4 ,!re is a n>r[ walk l5g?wise 9 ! middle ( ! build+1 & bo>ds ext5d+ f ! c5tral walk to ! side walls sep>ate ! pack$ cel]y into n>r[ sections4 ,no e>? is plac$ betwe5 ! cel]y /alks z !y /&4 ,!y are1 9 fact1 root$ 9 ! soil ( ! floor1 & are ?us able to make ! slight gr[? dem&$ = complete blan*+4 ,! v>i\s doors1 w9d[s & v5tilators make x possible to keep ! air fre% & :olesome1 & dur+ cold wea!r a /ove may af=d heat to ! /orage room4 ,artificial heat is n commonly requir$4 ,ano!r me?od1 *eap] & q z satisfactory1 especially on f>ms or 9 m>ket g>d5s1 is to tr5* ! cel]y 9 ! op5 field4 ,! situation ( ! tr5* mu/ be a dry "o1 :]e !re w be no /&+ wat]4 ,! tr5* mu/ be ne>ly or q z deep z ! height ( ! cel]y1 ) p]p5dicul> sides1 & a foot or less 9 wid?4 ,! /alks are set upright 9 ! tr5*1 ) all decay$ or wor?less leaves remov$1 z closely z !y w /&1 )\t soil betwe5 !m4 ,to keep !m 9 t condition is purely a matt] ( c>e4 ,if !y are buri$ deeply & ! wea!r proves w>m !y w rot4 ,b if ! cov]+ be decreas$ 9 w>m wea!r & increas$ 9 cold wea!r1 ! cel]y c be kept 9 p]fect condition4 ,9 private g>d5s cel]y is (t5 plant$ 9 d\ble r[s1 a foot ap>t1 & w9t]$ :]e x gr[s by cov]+ deeply ) soil4 ,an excell5t plan is to make an ,a-%ap$ tr\gh ( two bo>ds to turn ! ra91 on top ( :i* a great] or less am\nt ( /raw1 leaves or litt] may be pil$1 if ne$$4 ,mice sometimes d consid]able damage to /or$ cel]y1 b are m easily controll$ 9 %ort tr5*es ?an 9 long ones4 ,small am\nts ( cel]y may be /or$ 9 cell>s1 9 boxes a foot wide & a foot deep1 ) damp s& 9 ! bottom4 ,no soil is ne$$ betwe5 ! plants4 ,! coole/ & d>ke/ "p ( ! cell> is be/ = /orage4 ,diseases4--,cel]y diseases are prev5table & insect attacks are few4 ,= blight1 ka9it is recomm5d$1 bo? 9 ! se$-b$ & op5 field4 ,= ru/1 ! ,bordeaux mixture is advis$4 ,holl[-/emm$ or pi?y cel]y is ! result ( poor /ock or improp] soil1 & c be avoid$ by ! use ( m manure & m wat]4 ,new ,process4--,! me?od ( gr[+ cel]y 9 highly enri*$ soil1 ) plants set #f or #h in*es ap>t bo? ways1 is q feasible4 ,! plants /& s close z to blan* ea* o!r to "s ext5t1 b ! sy/em has nev] attract$ g5]al favor4 ,a great deal ( wat] is requir$4 ,cultivation is possible only :5 ! plants are small4 ,pr(its4--,! use ( cel]y is obvi\sly on ! increase1 b ! dem& is = a fir/-class article4 ,! ca% results may be set at any:]e f #bjj to #ejj p] acre4 ,! actual net pr(its ( well-conduct$ op]ations are consid]able4 ,,wat] ,,cress4 ,wat] cress1 a vegetable closely alli$ to sev]al o!r edible cresses1 is us$ 9 v l>ge quantities 9 all city re/aurants4 ,x is a mu*-e/eem$ w9t] reli%1 & is mo/ly s]v$ ) e "o ( ! ?\s&s ( beef/eak ord]s daily fill$ 9 ! great eat+ h\ses & lun* rooms4 ,! dem& = x seems to be on ! increase4 ,illu/ration3 ,wat] ,cress4 ,wat] cress is ( ! easie/ culture4 ,x c be gr[n 9 ! soil ( a =c+ h\se "u glass1 & is ext5sively produc$ 9 ?is way by m>ket g>d5]s4 ,! *eape/ me?od is to gr[ x 9 runn+ wat]1 pref]ably ne> a spr+ head2 & _m su* situations are available to f>m]s4 ,flat b$s1 made ( loam1 gravel1 or s&1 cov]$ ) #c or #d in*es ( w>m1 spr+ wat]1 w yield great quantities ( wat] cress 9 e>ly spr+2 & ! use ( a few sa% w keep ! cress 9 gr[? dur+ ! w9t]4 ,! cress %\ld be cut frequ5tly1 z ! "y %oots are mo/ succul5t & t5d]4 ,= m>ket purposes ! wat] cress is ti$ 9 bun*es1 & retail$ at f #c to #aj c5ts p] bun*1 or pack$ 9 p9t boxes1 leaves upp]mo/1 & retail$ = ab\t #aj c5ts p] box4 ,^! are w9t] & e>ly spr+ prices4 ,wat] cress culture is pr(itable 9 favor$ locations4 ,,cucumb]4 ,! cucumb] m>ket is n easily ov]-suppli$1 b ! pickl+ tub %\ld /& ready to receive all cucumb]s n sold 9 a fre% condition4 ,= field culture1 good gr\nd mu/ be select$1 & m>k$ out ) a pl[1 #d x #d feet2 or1 a little wid]1 if ! soil is /rong4 ,at lea/ "o %ovelful ( well-rott$ manure is dropp$ 9 e hill1 & mix$ ) ! soil1 & a doz5 se$s plant$1 to be ?9n$ out f9ally to ?ree or f\r plants4 ,x is bett] to h extra plants1 on acc\nt ( ! attacks ( ! /rip$ beetle4 ,! cucumb] belongs to a botanic family :i* is naturally t5d]1 & ! se$s %\ld n be s[n until ! soil is q w>m4 ,= f>m "w1 ! plant+ season is ! latt] "p ( ,may & ! :ole ( ,june2 & ev5 ,july is a suitable mon?1 if ! soil c be irrigat$4 ,x w require two p\nds ( se$ = an acre4 ,! v>iety s[n %\ld dep5d on ! purpose 9 view2 b 9 all comm]cial op]ations1 well-kn[n & ?or\ghly te/$ sorts %\ld be *os54 ,%all[ cultivation is recomm5d$4 ,if an e>ly m>ket is to be suppli$ ) cucumb]s1 ! se$s may be />t$ "u glass1 on bits ( inv]t$ sod or 9 small boxes1 & set 9 ! op5 gr\nd on ! arrival ( settl$ w>m wea!r2 b ! f>m] w usually f9d x mo/ pr(itable to s[ ! se$s :]e ! plants are to rema94 ,! mo/ s]i\s enemy ( ! cucumb] v9e is ! /rip$ beetle1 :i* attacks ! "y plant & frequ5tly ru9s x4 ,! rem$y is air-slak$ lime1 or soot1 or sift$ coal a%es1 or wood a%es dilut$ ) dry road du/4 ,! be/ prev5tive is salt or ka9it1 us$ 9 ! hills4 ,! true plan is to h /rong1 vigor\s plants1 :i*1 z a rule1 w resi/ & outgr[ ! /rip$ beetle1 & be n greatly injur$ by its attacks4 ,!re is a blight :i* sometimes de/roys ! cucumb] v9e1 app>5tly ! result ( weakness foll[+ a prolong$ dr\?4 ,! v9e ( ! cucumb] mu/ be kept 9 vigor\s gr[?1 n only by cultivation & a suffici5t wat]-supply1 b by c>e 9 remov+ all ! fruit z soon z =m$1 =1 if ! se$s be p]mitt$ to mature1 ! v9e w quickly p]i%4 ,x is ! purpose ( ! v9e's exi/5ce to produce ripe se$s1 & x w make repeat$ & long-cont9u$ ef=ts to accompli% ?is end4 ,9 ga!r+ ! cucumb]s1 x is important to avoid injur+ ! v9e4 ,"s gr[]s use a knife2 o!rs break ! /em by a dext]\s twi/1 )\t injur+ ! v9e 9 ! lea/4 ,illu/ration3 ,johnson ,/okes' ,p]fect$ ,j]sey ,pickle ,cucumb]4 ,x requires #cjj cucumb]s 7m or less7 ( fair pickl+ size to make a bu%el1 & x is e/imat$ t an acre w produce f #ajj to #bjj bu%els1 or ev5 m4 ,:5 ! pickles are pull$ :ile q small1 ! numb] runs up to #abe1jjj p] acre2 & ! pickle factories 9 "s cases make _! e/imates on a yield ( #ge1jjj p] acre4 ,! price is v>iable1 b (t5 q pr(itable4 ,,cucumb]4--,= plant+ 9 ! ,s\? to %ip to ,nor!rn m>kets use ,improv$ ,arl+ton ,:ite ,sp9e4 ,giant ( ,p]a is a f9e table sort4 ,= pickl+1 plant ,johnson ,/okes' ,p]fect$ ,j]sey ,pickle4 ,= description see our ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,d[ny ,mildew4--,a disease :i* lately ?reat5$ to de/roy ! bus9ess ( gr[+ pickles 9 ,new ,j]sey & else:]e1 ! d[ny mildew ( ! cucumb]1 c be fully ov]come by spray+ ! v9es ) ,bordeaux mixture4 ,x requires six or sev5 applications1 at int]vals ( a week or t5 days1 to conqu] ?is comp>atively new disease4 ,d[ny mildew is a fung\s tr\ble affect+ ! leaves & de/roy+ ! fur!r usefulness ( ! v9e4 ,a rec5t ,new ,york exp]im5t %[$ a yield ( #agc wor? ( pickles p] acre "u spray+ z aga9/ complete failure :]e ! ,bordeaux mixture 0 n us$4 ,! co/ ( spray+ 0 #i4ej p] acre1 leav+ #afc4ej p] acre z ! value ( ! crop sav$ by ! op]ation4 ,,egg ,,plant4 ,! advisability ( gr[+ egg plants 9 f>m g>d5+ op]ations is a "q ( location4 ,on a suitable soil1 ne> a good m>ket1 ! op]ation w be a pr(itable "o1 if rightly manag$4 ,! egg plant is a t5d] vegetable1 botanically alli$ to bo? ! tomato & ! potato1 b less h>dy ?an ei!r1 especially :5 "y4 ,= ?is reason x is be/ to delay s[+ ! se$1 ev5 9 hot-b$s1 until cold wea!r is pa/1 = ! t5d] se$l+s nev] fully recov] f a *ill or set-back4 ,inde$1 = ! f>m g>d5] ! mon? ( ,may is e>ly en\gh to s[ ! se$ "u glass1 = ?is plant gr[s ) great rapidity 9 a w>m soil1 & ,may-s[n se$ n infrequ5tly yields plants t out/rip ^? s[n a full mon? e>li]4 ,illu/ration3 ,new ,j]sey ,improv$ ,l>ge ,purple ,smoo? ,/em ,egg ,plant4 ,! egg plant dem&s a ri*] soil ?an ei!r ! potato or tomato4 ,x also asks = m wat]4 ,x is a rank fe$]4 ,a good /imulant1 if rott$ manure _c be _h1 is nitrate ( soda at ! rate ( #djj p\nds to ! acre4 ,! f>m g>d5] w d well to consid] 8 m>ket be=e engag+ 9 ! production ( ! egg plant on an ext5sive scale1 = x is a p]i%able product4 ,x be>s %ipm5t well1 b its use is ma9ly limit$ to consumption :ile fre%4 ,x may comm& a v high price at "s seasons ( ! ye> & at o!r times be practically unsalable at any price1 ow+ to an ov]-supply4 ,if egg-plant se$ be s[n "u glass 9 e>ly ,may1 & c>efully protect$ aga9/ cool wea!r 7especially at night71 ! "y plants w be ready to transplant be=e ! end ( ! mon? & l>ge en\gh = ! op5 field 9 ,june4 ,!y %\ld be set 9 r[s #d feet ap>t1 & ab\t #c feet ap>t 9 ! r[4 ,set at ^! di/ances1 an acre ( gr\nd w\ld accommodate ab\t #c1ejj plants4 ,! enemy ( ! egg plant1 9 gr[?1 is ! potato bug1 :i* mu/ be h&-pick$ or poison$4 ,!re is a rot :i* causes ! fruit to drop f ! /em be=e rea*+ maturity4 ,?is rot is a fungus1 & ! ,bordeaux mixture is recomm5d$ = x4 ,! blight :i* sometimes affects ! foliage is 9 "p at lea/ caus$ by cold wea!r1 & = ?is !re is no rem$y1 except late plant+4 ,e heal?y plant %\ld produce f two to six or m full-siz$ fruits1 & x is !re=e easy to calculate t an acre's product "u favorable circum/ances may be v l>ge4 ,,egg ,,plant4--,!re is no?+ equal to ! ,new ,j]sey ,improv$ ,l>ge ,purple ,smoo? ,/em = ! use ( f>m g>d5]s4 ,= description1 see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,illu/ration3 ,johnson ,/okes' ,imp]ial1 or ,long ,/&+ ,kale4 ,,kale ,,or ,,borecole4 ,kale1 ( :i* !re are _m v>ieties1 is a headless cabbage1 closely alli$ to su* vegetables z ,brussels spr\ts1 coll>ds1 etc4 ,x is "o ( ! mo/ h>dy ( vegetables1 & 9 ?is latitude x w live ov] w9t] 9 ! op5 gr\nd1 ) only /raw or litt] z a protection4 ,if cut = use :5 froz5 x %\ld be ?aw$ out 9 cold wat]4 ,! kales are among ! mo/ delicately flavor$ cabbages4 ,"s ( !m are ( su* ornam5tal %ape z to be full wor?y ( cultivation = decorative purposes4 ,! height v>ies f #a to #b feet1 & ! colors include bo? gre5s1 d>k purples & int]m$iate %ades4 ,kale dem&s a ri*1 deep soil4 ,! se$ %\ld be s[n 9 a bord] or se$-b$1 & transplant$ to ! op5 field & set 9 r[s1 aft] ! mann] ( cabbage4 ,x is l>gely & pr(itably gr[n 9 ! ,s\? = %ipm5t to ! great ,nor!rn m>kets4 ,:]e f>m]s are situat$ ne> c5tres ( population :]e kale is 9 dem&1 its culture w be f\nd pr(itable1 z x requires ev5 less labor ?an cabbage4 ,x is plant$ bo? 9 spr+ & autumn4 ,! =m] crop is = autumn consumption & ! latt] crop is c>ri$ ov] w9t] aft] ! mann] ( sp9a*1 protect$ by a light cov]+ ( "s sort ( litt]4 ,,kale4--,= ! ,s\?1 we recomm5d ,extra ,dw>f ,gre5 ,curl$ ,scot*2 = ! ,nor?1 ,johnson ,/okes' ,new ,imp]ial4 ,see our ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual = descriptions4 ,,lettuce4 ,9 "s sections1 especially 9 ! ,s\?1 lettuce c be gr[n ) pr(it by f>m g>d5]s4 ,dep5d+ on ! latitude1 ! se$ may be plant$ f autumn until spr+4 ,! plants are usually %elt]$ & head$ "u glass1 or "u musl9-cov]$ sa%1 & are s5t ,nor? 9 v5tilat$ b>rels4 ,! lettuce is naturally a cool-wea!r plant1 & its culture is easy4 ,! se$ is *eap & x g]m9ates quickly4 ,well-gr[n lettuce always comm&s good prices4 ,x is usual to />t ! se$s 9 a bord] or "u a frame1 & to prick out ! plants into m roomy qu>t]s z soon z !y are l>ge en\gh to h&le4 ,9 a few weeks aft] transplant+1 9 good gr[+ wea!r1 !y are head$ ready = m>ket4 ,good soil1 abundance ( moi/ure & free v5tilation are ess5tials 9 lettuce production4 ,illu/ration ,9 "s p>ts ( ! ,nor? lettuce culture w\ld be f\nd pr(itable by f>m]s 9 ! summ] season1 = !re are v>ieties well adapt$ to high temp]ature1 provid$ good soil & suffici5t wat] be furni%$4 ,!re is n a mon? 9 ! ye> :5 lettuce is n dem&$ = use 9 salads1 & ?is dem& is likely to increase4 ,,lettuce4--,= ! ,s\?1 we especially recomm5d ,rei*n]'s ,e>ly ,:ite ,butt]1 ,big ,bo/on & ,new ,treasure2 = ! ,nor?1 ,new ,s5sation1 ,mammo? ,salam&] & ,hornb]g]'s ,dut* ,butt]4 ,please see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,,melons4 ,melon culture belongs on ! f>m r ?an 9 ! small m>ket g>d51 on acc\nt ( ! l>ge space occupi$ by ! gr[+ v9es4 ,an acre ( gr\nd w accommodate only ab\t #dej wat]melon hills 7at #aj feet ea* way7 or ab\t #a1bjj muskmelon or cantal\pe hills 7#f feet ea* way71 & h5ce ! necessity = l>ge areas ( gr\nd = ! cultivation ( ^! crops4 ,! requirem5ts ( ! v>i\s melons are q simil>4 ,brok5 sod gr\nd or any gre5 crop turn$ d[n favors _! gr[?1 & well-rott$ /able manure 9 ! hill is ! be/ kn[n /imulant4 ,all ! melons are t5d]1 & are suit$ only to w>m-wea!r gr[?1 & ?is fact mu/ be rememb]$ 9 s[+ ! se$4 ,light alluvial soil ne> riv]s or /reams is adapt$ to melon gr[?1 & _m an old mead[ n[ we$y & unpr(itable might be us$ to advantage = "o ( ^! crops4 ,illu/ration3 ,new ,black-ey$ ,susan ,wat]melon4 ,! ,wat]melon4--,= ca%-produc+ purposes ! be/ wat]melon is a l>ge "o1 ) a h>d r9d4 ,x mu/ h a d>k p9k or r$ c5tre & mu/ be a good %ipp]4 ,x %\ld weigh ?irty to =ty p\nds1 & !re %\ld be #ijj to #a1jjj fir/-class melons to ! acre4 ,! be/ melon = family use or = a /rictly retail trade is a m$ium-siz$ v>iety1 :i* has a ?9 r9d1 p9k or r$ fle% & extra sweetness1 weigh+ f tw5ty to ?irty p\nds4 ,! prep>ation ( ! gr\nd has already be5 sugge/$4 ,two %ovels ( manure %\ld g into ea* hill4 ,! plant+ date is ,may 9 ?is latitude2 or z soon z ! gr\nd is ?or\ghly w>m4 ,f\r p\nds ( se$ p] acre w be requir$4 ,b "o plant p] hill is all[$ to gr[4 ,! end ( ! ma9 %oots %\ld be p9*$ (f1 to enc\rage bran*+ & fl[]+4 ,illu/ration ,cultivation %\ld be ?or\gh4 ,fung\s diseases c be controll$ by means ( ! ,bordeaux mixture1 except t x is difficult to rea* ! "u side ( ! leaves4 ,to prev5t sunburn on melons1 "s gr[]s s[ buck:eat :5 ! v9es are 9 blossom1 & ?us secure a p>tial %ade by ! "t ! fruit is l>ge en\gh to be injur$ by ! sun4 ,g5]ally1 no protection is necess>y4 ,at #aj or #ae p] hundr$1 ! av]age :olesale price at ,philadelphia1 wat]melon culture is pr(itable4 ,e>ly prices are high]4 ,,wat] ,,melons4--,= %ipp+--,johnson's ,dixie1 ,blue ,gem1 ,duke ,jones1 ,sweet ,he>t4 ,= home m>ket--,black-,ey$ ,susan1 ,florida ,favorite1 ,k5tucky ,wond]1 ,mc,iver's ,wond]ful ,sug>4 ,= descriptions1 see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,citron4--,?is small r\nd melon is cultivat$ 9 all respects z ! wat]melon1 b be+ small] ! hills may be clos]4 ,x is us$ 9 mak+ pres]ves4 ,! "n citron is frequ5tly appli$ to c]ta9 ( ! cantal\pes4 ,cantal\pes or ,muskmelons4--,x is a matt] ( *oice :e!r ! gre5-fle%$ or r$-fle%$ sorts are gr[n2 or :e!r ! v>iety be l>ge or small4 ,! sorts cov]$ ) /rongly webb$ or nett$ m>k+s are 9 high favor = %ipp+ to di/ant po9ts1 z !y c>ry well4 ,flavor is 9 "p at lea/ a matt] ( temp]ature & sun%9e4 ,cantal\pes may be nicely rip5$ by remov+ !m f ! v9es & /or+ 9 dry1 w>m rooms4 ,! usual plant+ di/ance is f #d-a_/b to #f feet1 9 hills conta9+ rott$ manure4 ,compo/1 made ( h5 manure1 is sometimes us$ 9 ! hill1 well mix$ ) ! soil4 ,good cantal\pes are always 9 active dem&4 ,,musk ,,melons4--,e>ly sorts = %ipp+--,mc,cleary's ,improv$ ,j5ny ,l9d1 ,nett$ ,beauty1 ,! ,capta91 ,*ampion ,m>ket1 ,improv$ ,nett$ ,gem1 ,anne ,arundel4 ,late sorts--,! ,pr9cess1 ,johnson ,/okes' ,sup]b1 etc4 ,see ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual = descriptions4 ,illu/ration3 ,mc,cleary's ,improv$ ,e>ly ,j5ny ,l9d ,muskmelon4 ,enemies4--,9 addition to ! fung\s diseases ( ! wat]melon & cantal\pe1 :i* are be/ treat$ ) ,bordeaux mixture1 all melons are sometimes badly tr\bl$ ) an aphis call$ ! melon l\se4 ,! rem$y is :ale-oil soap--a p\nd 9 six gallons ( wat]2 or k]os5e emulsion4 ,! latt] is made by dissolv+ half a p\nd ( s(t soap 9 "o gallon ( wat]2 !n add+ two gallons ( k]os5e1 *urn+ viol5tly2 !n dilut+ ) t5 or twelve gallons ( wat]4 ,?is emulsion is put ^u ! melon v9es 9 ! =m ( a spray1 & is "o ( ! be/ insecticides kn[n4 ,x is to be us$ on all suck+ insects1 l lice & squa% bugs4 ,bit+ insects are easily kill$ ) ,p>is gre5--"o p\nd 9 #ajj p\nds ( fl\r or pla/]1 or 9 #aej gallons ( wat]4 ,illu/ration3 ,improv$ ,e>ly ,nett$ ,gem ,muskmelon 7,rose ,gem ,/ra974 ,:]e ! l& is suit$ to melon culture1 9 any "p ( ! c\ntry1 ! f>m g>d5] w f9d no m satisfactory or remun]ative crop4 ,,mu%rooms4 ,"u c]ta9 favor$ circum/ances ! mu%room may be gr[n z a f>m g>d5]'s crop4 ,! requisites are horse manure & a d>k cell>1 cave or vault4 ,if ! manure be available & a suitable ap>tm5t at h&1 ! gr[+ ( mu%rooms may be tak5 up = w9t] "w4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,b$ ( ,mu%rooms f ,engli% ,milltrack ,spawn4 ,!re are _m ways ( gr[+ mu%rooms1 & !y c be produc$ 9 any situation :]e a /eady temp]ature ( #fj deg4 c be ma9ta9$4 ,a simple me?od is to prep>e a b$ consi/+ ( horse manure & loam1 ?ree p>ts by measure ( ! =m] & "o ( ! latt]1 ! manure hav+ be5 some:at f]m5t$ & sweet5$ by all[+ x to heat & turn+ x sev]al times4 ,a compact b$ a foot deep is made4 ,?is b$ w fir/ heat & !n cool4 ,z x cools1 :5 at #hj deg4 or #he deg4 an in* bel[ ! surface1 bits ( brick spawn ! size ( a h5's egg are ins]t$ ab\t #i in*es ap>t4 ,! b$ mu/ n be imm$iately cov]$1 or ! temp]ature w rise suffici5tly to kill ! spawn4 ,9 t5 days1 m or less1 z %[n by a !rmomet]1 ?is dang] w be pa/1 & ! b$ %\ld receive a coat+ ( good loam an in* deep4 ,no wat] is to be appli$ until aft] ! b$ is 9 full be>+4 ,x is assum$ t ! temp]ature ( ! room or cell> has be5 uni=mly #fj deg41 day & night2 t ! b$ has n be5 made :]e x c\ld become wat]-soak$2 t x is suffici5tly moi/1 yet n wet2 & t no draft ( air has pass$ ov] ! surface 9 a way ei!r to r$uce ! temp]ature ( ! b$ itself or to dry ! soil ^u ! surface4 ,if ^! conditions _c be ma9ta9$1 ei!r by a specially favorable place or by means ( cov]+ ! b$ ) litt]1 x is bett] to let mu%rooms alone4 ,! crop %\ld appe> 9 six or eight weeks1 & %\ld la/ two mon?s1 ! total product be+ f "o-half to "o p\nd p] squ>e foot4 ,! ca% price is f #ej to #ge c5ts p] p\nd 9 ! l>ge cities2 & ! crop is suffici5tly pr(itable to w>rant ! losses :i* beg9n]s s commonly exp]i5ce4 ,^! losses are ! result ( c>elessness or ignorance 9 ! matt] ( details4 ,! usual s\rces ( failure are poorly prep>$ b$s1 ! m$ium be+ ei!r too wet or too dry2 frequ5t *anges ( temp]ature2 improp] use ( wat]2 &1 la/ly1 poor or /ale spawn4 ,mu%rooms are pack$ 9 small baskets l9$ ) pap]1 & c>efully cov]$ to prev5t evaporation4 ,a five-p\nd package is a favorite %ipp+ size4 ,,onions4 ,! onion is a national crop2 z widely ?\gh n q z ext5sively gr[n z ! potato4 ,x is available z a money crop = ! f>m g>d5]4 ,*oice ( ,soil4--,heavy1 /iff clay l& is to be avoid$4 ,s& & gravel dry out too quickly4 ,/ony l& r5d]s good culture difficult4 ,! be/ soil = onions is a deep1 ri*1 mell[ loam4 ,soils :i* af=d natural advantages = irrigation %\ld n be ov]look$1 z ! ra9fall is (t5 lack+ :5 greatly ne$$4 ,f]tiliz]s4--,onion culture dem&s high manur+4 ,no am\nt ( rott$ /able manure is likely to be excessive4 ,a ton p] acre ( high-grade1 complete f]tiliz] is n too mu*1 if moi/ure c be suppli$4 ,h5 manure is a good top dress+ = onion-b$s1 furni%+ ! ne$$ nitrog54 ,nitrate ( soda is a good s\rce ( nitrog51 if nitrog5 mu/ be pur*as$4 ,! clov]s & o!r legum9\s crops yield ! *eape/ nitrog54 ,wood a%es1 ka9it1 etc41 furni% pota%4 ,ei!r gr\nd bone or acid phosphate w give ! ne$$ phosphoric acid4 ,an analysis ( ! onion %[s t x c>ries away f]tility 9 j ab\t ! proportions furni%$ by /able manure4 ,x is a s+ul> fact t onions c be gr[n ye> aft] ye> on ! same gr\nd1 if well manur$4 ,rotation is necess>y only 9 case ( ! occurr5ce ( disease or insect attack4 ,! onion loves cool wea!r4 ,plant+4--,to gr[ onion sets1 ! se$ is s[n 9 close r[s1 at ! rate ( f fifty to sixty p\nds p] acre4 ,to gr[ l>ge onions direct f se$1 five p\nds ( se$ p] acre w be requir$4 ,to plant a field ) onion sets w require twelve to fifte5 bu%els p] acre1 accord+ to size ( ! set4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,li/ ( ! mo/ ,popul> ,am]ican ,onions4 ,an onion set is m]ely an immature bulb4 ,sets v>y f ! size ( a l>ge pea up to t ( a walnut4 ,:5 ! se$ is s[n ?ickly ! bulbs h no *ance to gr[1 & ! summ] wea!r quickly rip5s ! tops1 completely susp5d+ ! gr[? ( ! bulb4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry onion sets _c be gr[n ) pr(it1 z ! tops refuse to die & ! bulbs or sets d n rip5 prop]ly4 ,9 ne>ly all p>ts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates onions c be gr[n direct f ! se$ ! fir/ ye>2 especially f se$ gr[n ar\nd ,philadelphia1 :i* is e>li] ?an ,we/]n-gr[n4 ,x is q cu/om>y 9 ! ,s\? to s[ onion se$ 9 late summ] or autumn2 9 ,augu/ or ,septemb]4 ,?is w give e>ly spr+ onions ( m>ketable size4 ,9 ! ,nor?1 )9 q rec5t ye>s1 x has become ! practice to s[ onion se$ 9 frames1 9 fall or e>ly spr+1 & transplant ! "y onions to ! op5 gr\nd4 ,?is is sometimes spok5 ( z ! new onion culture4 ,onion sets or "y plants %\ld be plac$ #c or #d in*es ap>t1 9 r[s a foot ap>t1 if to be cultivat$ by h&2 ! r[s f>!r ap>t if = horse "w4 ,! onion is h>dy4 ,_m v>ieties w live 9 ! op5 gr\nd ov] w9t]1 if cov]$ 7at ! ,nor?7 ) light litt]4 ,x is 9 ?is way t %oots = bun*+ are obta9$ e>ly 9 ! spr+4 ,! se$ %\ld be s[n = sets :5 ! apple is 9 bloom4 ,sets may be put into ! gr\nd e>li]2 9 fact1 z soon z ! gr\nd c be work$4 ,! set %\ld n produce se$ ! fir/ ye>1 ?\gh x (t5 does s4 ,x %\ld1 on ! contr>y1 gr[ to ! size ( say #c in*es1 & !n rip5 = w9t] /orage4 ,excessively l>ge onions are n desirable4 ,to ha/5 maturity1 ! tops may be brok5 d[n or ! roots may be cut by runn+ a knife or %>p pl[ or cultivator along "o side ( ! r[4 ,! onion1 "u favorable circum/ances1 w produce a crop ( #hjj bu%els 7fifty-six p\nds to ! bu%el7 p] acre2 ?\gh #ejj bu%els is ne>] ! av]age product4 ,illu/ration3 ,we$+ a ,field ( ,onion ,sets on our ,bucks ,c\nty ,se$ ,f>m ne> ,philadelphia4 ,/orage4--,! /orage ( onions & onion sets is simple4 ,! bulbs %\ld fir/ be rip5$ on ! gr\nd1 by a brief exposure to w9d & sun4 ,?is completes ! wilt+ ( ! tops4 ,!y %\ld !n be spread out on v5tilat$ trays or racks1 or a few in*es 9 dep? on a floor1 9 a dry1 %ady place1 :]e ! air is good1 pref]ably a l(t2 n a damp cell>4 ,freez+ w n injure !m1 b !y mu/ n be h&l$ :5 !y beg9 to ?aw1 or !y w rot4 ,!y mu/ n be bruis$ dur+ ! op]ation ( ga!r+ or dur+ ! process ( /orage4 ,a popul> & excell5t me?od ( w9t]+ onions 9 cold climates is to spread /raw to ! dep? ( #ah in*es on a dry floor or scaffold1 & put on a lay] ( onions f #f in*es to a foot deep1 & cov] ) #b feet ( /raw4 ,?is w n always prev5t freez+1 b x *ecks all sudd5 *anges4 ,onions n fully cur$ %\ld nev] be kept 9 b>rels1 b spread out s z to be p]fectly v5tilat$4 ,onion sets %r9k greatly 9 /orage2 sometimes z mu* z "o-half betwe5 fall & spr+4 ,v>ieties4--,!re are _m v>ieties ( onions1 "s ( ,am]ican & "s ( =eign orig94 ,! =m] are bett] keep]s1 b ! latt] are ( mild] flavor4 ,! ,am]ican sorts 7,danv]s1 ,s\?port ,globe v>ieties1 ,we!rsfield1 ,extra ,e>ly ,r$1 ,silv] ,sk91 ,/rasburg1 etc47 are usually consid]$ to be ! mo/ pr(itable2 b ! =eign k9ds 7,prize ,tak]1 ,prize ,w9n]1 ,pe>l1 ,b]muda1 ,giant ,rocca1 ,victoria1 etc47 are pr(itable 9 ^? p>ts ( ! c\ntry :]e soil & climate w>rant _! gr[? f se$ 9 a s+le season4 ,! s-call$ tree onion is a p]5nial1 ( ,am]ican orig91 liv+ out ov] w9t]4 ,x is sometimes call$ ,egyptian or top onion4 ,x produces bulbs or sets at ! top ( ! se$-/alk4 ,! potato or multipli] onion divides its l>ge bulb into num]\s small ones1 :i* 9 turn produce l>ge onions ! next ye>4 ,,onions4--,= f>m g>d5]s' purposes1 we especially recomm5d ,philadelphia ,yell[ ,globe ,danv]s1 ,mammo? ,yell[ ,prizetak]1 ,:ite ,prize ,w9n]4 ,e>lie/ ,onions are--,extra ,e>ly ,r$ ,globe ,danv]s1 ,am]ican ,extra ,e>ly ,:ite ,pe>l1 ,rhode ,isl& ,yell[ ,crack]4 ,! be/ = sets--,extra ,e>ly ,r$1 ,philadelphia ,yell[ ,dut* & ,:ite ,silv] ,sk94 ,= descriptions ( v>ieties1 see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,diseases & ,enemies4--,to prev5t maggot1 ! use ( ka9it is recomm5d$2 #fjj p\nds p] acre4 ,= onion smut1 :i* may 9 "p be cur$ by ! ka9it1 ! be/ kn[n rem$y is a *ange ( soil4 ,?rip1 :i* causes ! cuticle ( ! leaves to become cov]$ ) :iti% or yell[i% spots1 is be/ treat$ by means ( k]os5e emulsion1 us$ z a spray4 ,! onion fly may1 9 "p1 at lea/1 be abat$ by ! use ( equal p>ts ( wood a%es & l& pla/] du/$ v ?or\ghly on ! "y plants4 ,/iff-neck$ onions1 (t5 call$ /ags1 are ! result ei!r ( improp] gr[? or poor /ock4 ,!y are sometimes plant$ 9 autumn = use z scallions 7scullions7 ! foll[+ spr+4 ,m>ket+4--,onions are sometimes sold 9 ! op5 field2 a good plan :5 a fair price c be secur$4 ,aft] cur+1 z already describ$1 !y are usually sold by ! bu%el or b>rel4 ,!y are always 9 dem&1 z ! onion is a /&>d article ( human food4 ,9 ! gre5 /ate !y are sold ei!r by measure1 by ! bun*1 or by ! rope4 ,! latt] me?od consi/s 9 ty+ ! onions along wisps ( /raw4 ,scallions4--,no small am\nt ( money is exp5d$ by h\sekeep]s 9 ! e>ly spr+ m>kets = scallions 7scullions71 or bun*$ onion %oots4 ,^! t5d] %oots are wa%$1 ti$ & sold = #c to #e c5ts p] bun*1 retail1 or half ^? figures :olesale4 ,scallions are produc$ f ei!r sets or l>ge onions plant$ ! prec$+ autumn1 & %elt]$ ei!r by frames or litt]1 s z to enc\rage e>ly spr+ gr[?4 ,,peas4 ,x w require "o & "o-half to two bu%els ( peas to se$ an acre1 & no crop f9ds a m ready sale ?an fre% peas 9 ! summ] & autumn m>kets4 ,f>m]s :o are ne> c5tres ( population1 or :o enjoy good %ipp+ facilities1 w f9d peas a quick money crop4 ,any good soil w produce a crop ( ?is excell5t vegetable1 b x mu/ n be assum$ because ! pea is a legume1 ) nitrog5-collect+ roots1 t x w n well repay ! application ( manure to ! soil4 ,peas & beans ne$ less assi/ance ?an "s o!r ?+s1 b !y give good returns = ! application ( rott$ manure or artificial f]tiliz]4 ,! se$ %\ld be put into ! gr\nd 9 e>ly spr+1 z soon z ! soil is dry en\gh to receive x1 beg9n+ ) ! smoo?1 extra-e>ly sorts1 :i* are m h>dy ?an ! wr9kl$ v>ieties4 ,a little subsequ5t fro/ w d no h>m4 ,! smoo?1 e>ly sorts %\ld be s[n 9 r[s1 ab\t #c feet ap>t1 ! int]m$iate or half-dw>f sorts 9 r[s #d feet ap>t1 & ! tall1 late v>ieties1 9 r[s #e feet ap>t4 ,9 field op]ations no /icks are us$1 & l>ge pick+s are tak5 ev5 f ! tall-gr[+ v9es :ile sprawl+ ^u ! gr\nd2 & ! labor is va/ly less :]e no /icks are employ$4 ,! e>ly peas %\ld /& clos] 9 ! r[s ?an ! lat] & l>g] sorts4 ,! ,extra ,e>ly k9ds mature 9 fifty to fifty-five days f g]m9ation2 ! int]m$iate k9ds 9 sixty-five to sev5ty days1 & ! tall & late k9ds 9 sev5ty-five to eighty days4 ,= autumn plant+1 ! extra e>ly v>ieties are us$1 & are plant$ until sixty days be=e fro/4 ,illu/ration3 ,plant ( ,new ,giant ,podd$ ,m>r[ ,pea4 ,mildew is a field enemy ( ! pea1 result+ f unfavorable wea!r4 ,! weevil (t5 attacks ! se$1 b does n injure x = m>ket purposes4 ,! cann+ ( gre5 peas is n[ an indu/ry ( enorm\s ext5t 9 ,am]ica4 ,! peas are %ell$ & sort$ by ma*9]y1 & ?\s&s ( bu%els are annually dispos$ ( 9 ?is mann]4 ,! :olesale m>ket price ( peas 9 ! pod v>ies f #ej c5ts to #c p] bu%el at ,philadelphia4 ,! latt] price is = ! e>ly product4 ,! usual retail price is #ae to #be c5ts p] half peck4 ,! crop ( gre5 pods p] acre may be rat$ at #ajj bu%els1 m or less4 ,,peas4--,e>lie/ = ! ,s\?--,johnson ,/okes' ,new ,record ,extra ,e>ly1 ,alaska2 second e>ly--,johnson ,/okes' ,second ,e>ly ,m>ket ,g>d52 late--,giant ,podd$ ,m>r[1 ,improv$ ,/ratagem1 ,cr[n ,pr9ce1 ,sug> ,m>r[4 ,= descriptions1 see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,,rhub>b4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates rhub>b or pie plant is gr[n 9 v consid]able quantities = m>ket purposes1 & ) pr(it4 ,its culture is extremely simple4 ,x is m]ely necess>y to plant se$ or roots1 & to h ! plants ab\t #d feet ap>t ea* way 9 a p]man5t b$4 ,! plant is a p]5nial1 la/+ = _m ye>s4 ,x is a rank fe$]1 & ! m manure giv5 x1 ! l>g] & m succul5t w be ! "y %oots4 ,! roots %\ld be divid$ e five ye>s1 z !y f9ally become too l>ge4 ,! dem& = rhub>b cont9ues ?r\gh ! spr+ & into summ]1 & l>ge quantities are cann$ = pie-mak+4 ,five leaf /alks make a l>ge bun*4 ,x is wor? #b to #c p] #ajj bun*es1 :olesale4 ,,radi%4 ,f>m]s :o retail _! produce %\ld raise radi%es4 ,ri* gr\nd & abundant moi/ure are ! requisites = quick gr[?1 & ^u quick gr[? dep5ds good quality4 ,sl[-gr[+ radi%es are hot & pi?y4 ,! e>ly sorts are be/ = spr+1 b ! s-call$ summ] radi%es are be/ = w>m wea!r1 z !y are n s liable z ! e>ly k9ds to become pi?y4 ,enorm\s quantities ( w9t] radi%es are gr[n 9 autumn1 = use & sale dur+ ! w9t] mon?s4 ,!y are kept 9 s&1 l o!r roots4 ,illu/ration3 ,johnson ,/okes' ,olive ,sc>let1 ! ,e>lie/ ,radi%4 ,! e>ly k9ds mature 9 tw5ty to tw5ty-five days f s[+4 ,nitrate ( soda 9 small quantities is "o ( ! be/ kn[n /imulants4 ,rott$ /able manure is good1 b hog manure & night soil are n 9 favor among radi% gr[]s1 t5d+ to produce insect attacks4 ,! free use ( lime1 salt or ka9it is recomm5d$ z a prev5tive aga9/ insects4 ,sometimes x is necess>y to avoid manure ( any k9d1 on acc\nt ( maggots1 dep5d+ :olly on artificial f]tiliz]s4 ,z a la/ resort ! radi%-b$ mu/ be remov$ to new gr\nd1 z ! maggot r5d]s radi%es :olly unsalable4 ,illu/ration3 ,*9a ,rose ,w9t] ,radi%4 ,! gre5 se$ pods ( radi%es are sometimes us$ = pickl+4 ,! plant is closely relat$ to ! mu/>d4 ,x is wrong to wait = radi%es to gr[ l>ge 7except ! w9t] sorts71 z !y are sweete/ & mo/ succul5t :5 comp>atively small4 ,crisp1 sweet radi%es always comm& ready money4 ,,radi%4--,e>ly1 = ! ,s\?--,sc>let ,turnip ,:ite ,tipp$1 ,johnson ,/okes' ,olive ,sc>let1 ,philadelphia ,g>d5]s' ,long ,sc>let4 ,summ] radi%es--,r$ & ,:ite ,*>ti]1 ,:ite ,/rasburg1 ,improv$ ,yell[ ,summ] ,turnip4 ,all seasons1 radi%es :i* are equally good = summ] or w9t]--,new ,cele/ial1 ,new ,r\nd ,sc>let ,*9a4 ,= w9t] use only--,*9a ,rose4 ,= descriptions1 see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,,sp9a*4 ,sp9a* 7or sp9age7 is gr[n = its leaves1 :i* are cook$ 9 w9t] & spr+ = use z gre5s4 ,! leaf is sweet & palatable ev5 :5 raw1 b x is always /ew$ = table purposes4 ,x is a cool wea!r plant1 almo/ p]fectly h>dy4 ,x may be s[n 9 spr+1 = imm$iate use1 or 9 ! autumn = fall cutt+1 or = c>ry+ ov] w9t]4 ,illu/ration3 ,plants & ,roots ( ,p>isian ,long ,/&+ ,sp9a*4 ,x is ( ! easie/ culture1 requir+ t5 or twelve p\nds ( se$ p] acre1 ei!r broadca/$ or s[n 9 r[s4 ,9 small g>d5s x is usually gr[n 9 r[s1 b 9 op5 field culture x is m commonly broadca/$4 ,pat*es ( _m acres 9 ext5t are se5 ne> ! l>ge cities4 ,x is also gr[n q ext5sively 9 "s p>ts ( ! ,s\? = %ipm5t to ,nor!rn m>kets dur+ ,janu>y & ,febru>y4 ,to prep>e x = m>ket ! leaves are cut be=e ! se$ /alk appe>s1 & aft] wa%+ are b>rell$ or crat$ = %ipm5t4 ,gr[]s receive f #a4ej to #b4ej p] b>rel 9 ,philadelphia & ,new ,york 9 ! w9t] & spr+4 ,:]e accessible to m>ket1 sp9a* is a pr(itable crop4 ,blight is ! ma9 enemy4 ,! rem$y is removal to ano!r soil4 ,( sp9a* !re are _m types2 "s smoo? & "s ) savoy or wr9kl$ leaves4 ,! prop]ty ( /&+ a long "t be=e go+ to se$ is desirable1 especially :5 s[n 9 ! spr+1 z x increases ! l5g? ( ! cutt+ season4 ,at ! ,nor? a slight protection ( litt] or /raw is necess>y 9 w9t]4 ,s\? ( latitude ( ,wa%+ton no protection is ne$$4 ,sp9a* is cut ev5 :5 froz52 9 fact1 at any "t :5 !re is no sn[ on ! gr\nd4 ,by ?r[+ x into cold wat] x quickly ?aws1 & af=ds a palatable & heal?ful food 9 midw9t]4 ,! dead or yell[ leaves %\ld be remov$ be=e s5d+ x to m>ket1 & if c>efully prep>$ x has an attractive gre5 appe>ance dur+ cold wea!r :5 o!r vegetables are sc>ce4 ,! w9t] crop is l>g] ?an any o!r1 b mu* is also gr[n = spr+ sales4 ,x is admirably adapt$ to f>m culture4 ,,sp9a*4--,= spr+ plant+1 we recomm5d ,p>isian ,long ,/&+2 = autumn1 ,am]ican ,savoy or ,bloomsdale4 ,see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,,! ,,sweet ,,potato4 ,! cultivation ( ! sweet potato af=ds pr(itable employm5t to ?\s&s ( ,am]ican f>m]s4 ,x is pre-em95tly a f>m]'s crop1 on acc\nt ( ! gr\nd space occupi$4 ,x dem&s a light or s&y soil1 well dra9$ & well manur$4 ,x has wond]ful dr\?-resi/+ qualities2 ?\gh1 on ! o!r h&1 x is q unable to )/& cont9u$ cold1 wet wea!r4 ,its t]ritorial range may be said to include ne>ly ! :ole ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :]e ! soil is suit$ to its gr[?1 & x is ev5 cultivat$ 9 ,canada4 ,x w 9 all probability increase 9 favor z x is bett] kn[n & ! mann] ( pres]v+ or /or+ x is bett] und]/ood4 ,,sweet ,,potato4--,we recomm5d & endorse ! ,h>dy ,bu% or ,v9eless ,sweet ,potato4 ,= description1 see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,f]tiliz]s4--,!re is wide div]sity ( practice 9 ! matt] ( enri*+ ! l& = sweet potatoes1 & mo/ ( ! /&>d manures are us$1 ei!r 9 "o place or ano!r4 ,!re seems to be an almo/ univ]sal endorsem5t ( well-rott$ /able manure1 & next 9 favor is wood a%es4 ,high-grade f]tiliz] ( any k9d1 ?or\ghly incorporat$ ) ! soil1 may be us$4 ,"y ,plants4--,sweet potatoes are propagat$ by spr\ts obta9$ by lay+ tub]s on _! sides1 n t\*+ ea* o!r1 cov]$ ) soil1 9 specially prep>$ heat$ b$s4 ,^! spr\ts produce abundant rootlets :ile /ill atta*$ to ! p>5t tub]1 & by pull+ !m ) c>e1 great numb]s ( "y plants c be obta9$4 ,a second & ev5 a ?ird crop ( "y plants may be pull$ f ! same tub]s4 ,9 ! ,s\? no artificial heat is ne$$4 ,gr[+ ! ,slips or ,spr\ts z ,practis$ 9 ,new ,j]sey4--,! fire-b$1 s-call$1 is q g5]ally us$ 9 ,s\!rn ,new ,j]sey = obta9+ slips or spr\ts = spr+ plant+4 ,x is necess>y to h bottom heat & a uni=m temp]ature ( ab\t #gj deg44 ,illu/ration3 ,plant ( ,new ,h>dy ,bu% or ,v9eless ,sweet ,potato4 ,! fire-b$ consi/s ess5tially ( a pit ab\t #ae by #ej feet 9 size4 ,x is floor$ ) bo>ds laid ^u cross pieces4 ,b5ea? ! bo>ds !re is an air *amb]4 ,on top ( ! bo>ds ! b$ is made4 ,at "o end is a furnace1 ) flues runn+ out into ! air space b5ea? ! b$1 b n rea*+ ! *imney or smoke-pipe at ! opposite end ( ! b$4 ,at ! hotte/ end ( ! b$ ! soil is ov] #f in*es deep4 ,at ! cool end a dep? ( #f in*es is q suffici5t4 ,! :ole b$ is cov]$ ei!r ) canvas musl9 or ) glass sa%es1 !re be+ a ridge pole above ! b$1 runn+ l5g?wise ) x1 ?us giv+ a d\ble pit* to musl9 or to glass4 ,aft] ! soil has be5 heat$ some:at1 ! tub]s are laid on ! b$1 ab\t an in* ap>t1 & cov]$ ) ab\t #c in*es ( good soil1 & ! soil1 9 turn1 cov]$ ) leaves or hay1 to increase ! w>m? ( ! b$4 ,9 a week1 m or less1 ! spr\ts w %[ above ! surface ( ! soil1 :5 ! leaves or hay mu/ be remov$4 ,! object 9 n connect+ ! flues f ! furnace ) ! *imney is to economize heat4 ,! air *amb] "u ! entire b$ becomes ev5ly heat$1 & ! smoke escapes f9ally by ! *imney4 ,?is *imney may be made ( wood1 & a height ( #h or #aj feet w af=d ample draft4 ,ei!r wood or coal may be burn$1 b pref]ably wood4 ,! plant+ di/ance 9 ! field is ab\t #c feet by #b1 ! "y plants be+ set ^u ridges4 ,x requires ab\t #i1jjj plants to ! acre4 ,! "w mu/ n be done until ! gr\nd is w>m4 ,! crop is ready 9 f sixty to n9ety days4 ,cultivation4--,%all[ cultivation is all t is requir$4 ,! v9es at ! ,nor? are n p]mitt$ to take root along _! l5g?1 b 9 ! ,s\? !y are sometimes all[$ to d s1 & additional tub]s ?us secur$4 ,at ! ,nor? ! v9es are lift$ & turn$1 to cle> ! way = ! cultivator & to prev5t root+4 ,enemies4--,black rot is "o ( ! wor/ ( sweet potato diseases4 ,/em rot is ano!r s]i\s enemy4 ,! be/ treatm5t = ^! & o!r fung\s tr\bles is prev5tion1 & ! be/ prev5tion is a heal?y soil4 ,x is1 !re=e1 be/ to g to new l& occasionally4 ,h>ve/+4--,! common practice is to pl[ ! sweet potatoes out ( ! gr\nd j aft] ! fir/ fro/ has t\*$ ! v9es4 ,! tub]s mu/ be expos$ to ! air = a "t1 & p>tially dri$4 ,!y are prep>$ = m>ket1 if want$ imm$iately1 by rubb+ (f ! soil & sort+ into two sizes4 ,/orage4--,at ! ,s\? "o ( ! sev]al me?ods ( w9t] /orage is to build a light wood5 flue ( lattice "w1 & pack ab\t x a conical-%ap$ heap conta9+ ab\t =ty or fifty bu%els ( sweet potatoes4 ,/raw is us$ z a cov]+1 ) e>? ^u ! /raw1 ! e>? to be increas$ z ! wea!r becomes cold]4 ,ov] ! entire heap a r\gh %$ is erect$ to turn ! ra94 ,! top ( ! flue or v5tilator is clos$ ) /raw 9 really cold wea!r4 ,! spot mu/ be a dry "o4 ,! ,new ,j]sey sweet potato h\se is a /one build+1 say #af x #ah feet on ! inside1 ) walls #aj feet high1 & a good ro(4 ,! build+ is half "u gr\nd1 & ! e>? is bank$ up ar\nd x4 ,!re is a passage way ?r\gh ! c5tre1 & ! b9s = ! sweet potatoes are #f to #h feet squ>e & #h to #aj feet deep4 ,!re is a door on ! s\? side1 ) w9d[ above1 & a /ove is plac$ inside ! build+1 = use :5 requir$4 ,! walls are pla/]$1 & ! "u side ( ! ro( is also cov]$ ) la? & pla/]1 & ! place is ?or\ghly wea!r-pro(4 ,a h\se ( ?is k9d w af=d /orage room = #c1jjj or m bu%els ( sweet potatoes1 & w keep !m 9 excell5t condition1 if all details receive prop] att5tion4 ,! requirem5ts = successful /orage are t ! tub]s %all n be too hot1 nor too cold1 nor too wet1 & t sudd5 *anges ( temp]ature %all be avoid$4 ,! sweet potato crop may be said to v>y f #ajj to #aej bu%els p] acre1 "u ord9>y managem5t1 ) high] results "u good conditions4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,sa%es ,,& ,,b$d+ ,,plants4 ,illu/ration ,! co/ ( a hot-b$ sa%1 glaz$ & pa9t$1 is some:]e ab\t #b2 & su* a sa% c be made to e>n its co/ e ye>4 ,! f>m] :o has1 say1 a pair ( sa%es = hot-b$ "w & ano!r pair = cold-frame "w1 c turn !m to v good acc\nt 9 ! e>ly spr+1 n only 9 />t+ su* b$d+ plants z may be requir$ 9 8 own op]ations1 b 9 produc+ plants = 8 neighbors4 ,x co/s b little m to gr[ #a1jjj ?an #ajj cabbage1 tomato or egg plants1 & ! surplus above ! home requirem5t c be conv]t$ into doll>s4 ,! ,hot ,b$4--,! hot-b$ is m]ely a bo>d-l9$ pit1 conta9+ f]m5t+ manure1 ) a few in*es ( soil on ! manure1 & cov]$ by a sa%4 ,! ord9>y sa% is ab\t #c x #f feet4 ,a bo>d %utt]1 ! exact size ( ! sa%1 or a mat ( /raw1 completes ! outfit4 ,! dep? ( manure1 dep5d+ on ! purpose 9 view1 %\ld be f #a to #b feet1 ! dep? ( soil f #c to #f in*es1 & ! di/ance f soil to glass ab\t #d in*es at ! />t4 ,z ! manure f]m5ts ! soil w s9k4 ,! ,cold ,frame4--,! cold frame is m]ely a piece ( ri*1 mell[ soil1 enclos$ by bo>ds & cov]$ ) glass4 ,!re is no bottom heat ( any k9d1 b x is a great deal w>m] ?an ! op5 soil1 & s]ves a v>iety ( purposes4 ,9 ! hot-b$1 made 9 ,febru>y or ,m>* 79 ! latitude ( ,philadelphia71 all t5d] ?+s may be />t$4 ,! usual se$s s[n "h at t date on heat are cabbage1 caulifl[]1 radi%1 lettuce1 onions1 etc41 foll[$ by tomato1 pepp]1 cel]y1 egg plant1 etc41 includ+ fl[] se$s1 if desir$4 ,! cold frame is us$ ?r\gh ! w9t] = lettuce1 onions1 c>rots1 corn salad1 sp9a*1 etc41 & 9 spr+ = ! reception ( ! ?+s />t$ on heat1 :5 ! "t arrives = transplant+ & h>d5+ !m4 ,prop]ly-manag$ sa%es w d a great deal t[>d ! production ( e>ly m>ket crops1 & pr(its n infrequ5tly dep5d ^u ! item ( e>l9ess4 ,! "o ?+ = inexp]i5c$ p]sons to le>n ab\t sa%es & _! uses is ! imp]ative necessity ( free v5tilation :5ev] ! sun %9es on ! glass4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,! ,,/rawb]ry4 ,9 addition to ! sev]al vegetables enum]at$ 9 ! prec$+ pages1 !re is "o ( ! small fruits t has tak5 su* a prom95t place 9 :at may be t]m$ f>m horticulture z to des]ve m5tion "h4 ,x is ! /rawb]ry4 ,?is b]ry is1 p]haps1 ! mo/ popul> small fruit 9 ,am]ica1 & because ( its p]i%able "*1 is "o t requires /rictly local production4 ,x _c be %ipp$ long di/ances )\t loss ( "* & flavor1 & h5ce ! local gr[] w nev] be cr[d$ out ( 8 own m>ket4 ,! culture ( ! /rawb]ry is simple & easy4 ,!re are _m ways ( sett+ out plants1 & ! aft]-treatm5t also diff]s widely4 ,!re w always be controv]sy conc]n+ ! respective m]its ( ! hill sy/em & ! matt$ r[ sy/em4 ,ea* cultivator mu/ decide = himself :i* is ! bett]4 ,= ! f>m]1 ^: acres are _m & ^: duties are press+1 !re is1 p]haps1 no bett] way ?an to set /rawb]ries 9 r[s #d feet ap>t1 ) plants #b feet ap>t 9 ! r[1 & to all[ ! plants to run toge!r 9 ! r[s1 giv+ suffici5t att5tion to keep ! alleys well /irr$ & ! :ole b$ cle> ( we$s4 ,to set an acre w require ab\t #e1jjj plants4 ,! w9t] cov]+ ( litt] %\ld be rak$ into ! walks or alleys z soon z w9t] is ov] & all[$ to rema9 !re z a mul* = keep+ ! soil cool & damp & = ! purpose ( keep+ ! b]ries clean4 ,illu/ration3 ,new ,twice-,be>+ ,fr5* ,/rawb]ry ,mammo? ,p]petual4 ,= ,description1 see ,johnson ,/okes' ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual4 ,z soon z ! crop is (f1 ! b$ %\ld be pl[$1 turn+ /rawb]ries & litt] "u1 & sweet corn or o!r quick crop at once plant$4 ,?is w insure ! ga!r+ ( two crops 9 two ye>s2 o!rwise a /rawb]ry crop means a two-ye>s' use ( ! soil4 ,! sett+ out ( a new /rawb]ry b$ e spr+ is good practice2 & x is altoge!r advisable = f>m]s to occasionally introduce new v>ieties ( /rawb]ries on _! f>ms1 to replace old or enfeebl$ sorts4 ,! pr(its ( /rawb]ry culture are q l>ge1 ! gross receipts n infrequ5tly runn+ to #bej p] acre4 ,new boxes & crates are advisable1 & are di/9ctly pr(itable4 ,,index4 ,page4 ,asp>agus #bg ,bact]ia #ae1 #ai ,b>ny>d manure #aj ,beans #cc ,b$d+ plants #aai ,beets #ci ,bordeaux mixture #fc ,borecole #ia ,cabbage #db ,cantal\pe #ig ,c>rot #di ,cel]y #ge ,citron #ig ,cold frame #abj ,crimson clov] #bj ,corn worm #ee ,corrosive sublimate #fd ,cucumb] #he ,egg plant #hh ,glass #aai ,gre5 manur+ #ai1 #ba1 #bb ,hors]adi% #ef ,hot b$ #aai ,humus #ad ,irrigation #ag1 #ah1 #fb1 #abe ,kale #ia ,k]os5e emulsion #ig ,legumes #ai ,lettuce #ib ,lime #i ,location1 *oice ( #bd ,m>ket+ #bd ,manure1 /orage #aa ,manure1 value ( #ac1 #ai ,melon l\se #ig ,melons #id ,mu%rooms #ii ,muskmelons #ig ,onions #aja ,oy/] plant #eh ,p>snip #eg ,peas #ajh ,potato #ei ,potato blight #fc ,potato scab #fc ,potato rot #fc ,pres]vatives ( manure #ab ,pumpk9 #fe ,radi% #aaj ,rhub>b #aaj ,ruta baga #gb ,salsify #eh ,salt #ca ,sa%es #aai ,soil inoculation #cf ,sp9a* #aab ,squa% #fe ,/rawb]ry #aba ,sw$es #gb ,sweet potato #aad ,tomatoes #ff ,turnip #ga ,wa/e products #ag ,wat] cress #hd ,:ale-oil soap #ig ,wood a%es #ag ,ev]ybody ,%\ld ,read our ,new ,book ,,irrigation ,,by ,,*eap ,,mod]n ,,me?ods ,d\ble ! ,crops--,wat] w d x4 ,/rictly up-to-date4 ,fully ,illu/rat$4 ,tells y j :at y want to "k 9 j ! way y want to be told4 ,!re is some?+ "h = e f>m] & g>d5]4 ,t ?+ is a suffici5t wat]-supply4 ,irrigation makes des]ts to rejoice & g>d5s to blossom4 ,nature (t5 )holds ne$$ moi/ure at critical times4 ,millions ( doll>s are lo/ annually ?r\gh ! unc]ta9ties ( ! wea!r4 ,aft] read+ ?is "w y w be surpris$ at ! *eapness & practicability ( irrigation1 :i* w d\ble ! production at an exp5se ( f #aj to #a1jjj1 j accord+ to :at y want to sp5d1 :ile x r$uces soil culture to an exact sci5ce & enables ! till] ( ! soil to "w on s*$ule "t4 ,= t]ms on :i* ?is book c be _h1 see our ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual1 :i* is s5t free to all :o write = x4 ,compil$ & publi%$ by ,,johnson ,,/okes 44,,se$ ,,gr[]s ,,& ,,m]*ants44 #bag & #bai ,m>ket ,/reet ,philadelphia1 ,pa4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,l>ge/ ,se$ ,w>eh\se 9 ! ,ea/ ,nos4 #bag & #bai ,m>ket ,/reet1 ,philadelphia1 ,pa4 ,floracr(t ,se$ ,g>d5s & ,trial ,gr\nds ,9 ord] to get ! be/ results f our ef=ts1 & make sure t cu/om]s %all receive f u ! be/ se$s t ! _w produces1 we h = _m ye>s ma9ta9$ & c>ri$ on ext5sive trials at our ,floracr(t ,se$ ,g>d5s & ,trial ,gr\nds1 locat$ ab\t n9e miles f our city w>eh\ses4 ,all op]ations are "u ! p]sonal direction & managem5t ( "o ( our firm1 :o resides !re4 ,"h are plant$ ea* season1 = ?or\gh trial1 samples ( all ,novelties (f]$ by o!r se$sm5 bo? 9 ?is c\ntry & ,europe1 z well z any?+ :i* may be s5t u1 claim$ to be new & sup]ior1 by our amateur or m>ket g>d5 cu/om]s4 ,by ?is means we are enabl$ to satisfy ourselves ( ! true "* & value ( any novelty be=e x c f9d a place 9 our catalogue4 ,_m acres are also devot$ to ! production ( p$igree /ock se$1 f :i* ! se$s we (f] are gr[n4 ,we plant ! be/ se$s obta9able2 !n g ov] ! crop1 plant by plant1 c>efully rogue+ & de/roy+ ! inf]ior & select+ & sav+ only ! be/4 ,?is /ock se$ f select$ plants is s5t to be gr[n on our f>ms 9 localities :]e ! conditions ( soil & climate are be/ adapt$ to ! p]fect developm5t ( ! p>ticul> v>iety4 ,x is ! product ( su* /ock se$ only t we (f] = sale4 ,"h are also locat$ our ,se$ ,te/+ ,h\ses1 :]e a sample ( e lot ( se$1 :e!r gr[n by ourselves or gr[n = u "u contract1 is ?or\ghly te/$1 9 "m e>?1 = vitality & purity ( /ock1 & only ^? ( satisfactory quality & g]m9at+ p[] are sold4 ,9 fact1 we leave no /one unturn$ to ga9 & hold ! confid5ce ( all cu/om]s & secure !m f disappo9tm5t4 ,,johnson ,,/okes 44,,se$sm544 #bag & #bai ,m>ket ,/reet1 ,philadelphia1 ,pa4 ,illu/ration ,t gr[ into doll>s = ! pr(essional m>ket g>d5] w also gr[ ! *oice/ vegetables & fl[]s 9 ! ,home ,g>d54 ,our ,g>d5 & ,f>m ,manual ,tells ,all ,ab\t ,!m ,x is ,s5t ,free to ,se$ ,buy]s ,johnson ,/okes #bag & #bai ,m>ket ,/reet ,,philadelphia1 ,,pa4 ,transcrib]'s ,note 99 ,obvi\s punctuation & spell+ errors repair$4 99 ,footnote mov$ to ! end ( ! appropriate p>agraph4 99 ,notes mov$ to ! end ( ! appropriate section4 99 ,text enclos$ betwe5 equal signs 0 9 bold face 9 ! orig9al 7bold74