,,essays ,,( ,,mi*el ,,de ,,montaigne   
,translat$ by ,*>les ,cotton  ,edit$ by 
,william ,c>ew ,hazilitt  #ahgg         
,,cont5ts ,,( ,,volume #ab4  ,,xviii4   
,( giv+ ! lie4 ,,xix4      ,( lib]ty (  
consci5ce4 ,,xx4       ,t we ta/e no?+  
pure4 ,,xxi4      ,aga9/ idl5ess4       
,,xxii4     ,( ,po/+4 ,,xxiii4    ,( ill
 means employ$ to a good end4 ,,xxiv4   
,( ! ,roman gr&eur4 ,,xxv4      ,n to   
c\nt]feit be+ sick4 ,,xxvi4     ,(      
?umbs4 ,,xxvii4    ,c[>dice ! "m (      
cruelty4 ,,xxviii4   ,all ?+s h _!      
season4 ,,xxix4     ,( virtue4 ,,xxx4   
,( a mon/r\s *ild4 ,,xxxi4     ,( ang]4 
,,*apt] ,,xviii  ,,( ,,giv+ ,,! ,,lie   
,well1 b "s "o w say to me1 ?is design (
 mak+ a man's self ! subject ( 8 writ+1 
7 inde$ excusable 9 r>e & fam\s m51 :o  
by _! reputation _h giv5 o!rs a         
curiosity to be fully in=m$ ( !m4  ,x is
 mo/ true1 ,i confess & "k v well1 t a  
me*anic w sc>ce lift 8 eyes f 8 "w to   
look at an ord9>y man1 :]eas a man w    
=sake 8 bus9ess & 8 %op to />e at an    

em95t p]son :5 he comes into a t[n4  ,x 
misbecomes any o!r to give 8 own "*1 b  
him :o has qualities wor?y ( imitation1 
& ^: life & op9ions may s]ve = example3 
,caes> & ,x5ophon _h a j & solid        
f\ndation :]eon to f\nd _! n>rations1 ! 
greatness ( _! own p]=mances2 & 7 to be 
wi%$ t we _h ! j\rnals ( ,alex&] !      
,great1 ! comm5t>ies t ,augu/us1 ,cato1 
,sylla1 ,brutus1 & o!rs left ( _!       
actions2 ( su* p]sons m5 love &         
contemplate ! v /atues ev5 9 copp] &    
m>ble4 ,?is remon/rance is v true2 b x v
 little conc]ns me3           ,non      
recito cuiquam1 nisi amicis1 idque      
coactus2           ,non ubivis1 coramve 
quibuslibet1 9 m$io qui                 
,scripta =o recitant1 sunt multi1 quique
 lavantes4       ,i repeat my poems only
 to my fri5ds1 & :5 b\nd to d s2      n 
be=e e "o & ev]y:]e2 !re are pl5ty (    
recit]s      9 ! op5 m>ket-place & at ! 
ba?s4--,horace1 sat4 i4 #d1 #gc4  ,i d n
 "h =m a /atue to erect 9 ! great squ>e 
( a city1 9 a *ur*1 or any public place3

           ,non equidem hoc /udeo1      
bullatis ut mihi nugis1           ,pag9a
 turgescat444444           ,secreti     
loquimur3       ,i /udy n to make my    
pages swell ) empty trifles2      y & ,i
 are talk+ 9 private4--,p]sius1 ,sat41  
v4 #ai4  'tis = "s corn] ( a libr>y1 or 
to ent]ta9 a neighb\r1 a k9sman1 a      
fri5d1 :o has a m9d to r5ew 8           
acqua9tance & famili>ity ) me 9 ?is     
image ( myself4  ,o!rs h be5 enc\rag$ to
 speak ( !mselves1 because !y f\nd !    
subject wor?y & ri*2 ,i1 on ! contr>y1  
am ! bold]1 by reason ! subject is s    
poor & /]ile t ,i _c be suspect$ (      
o/5tation4  ,i judge freely ( ! actions 
( o!rs2 ,i give little ( my own to judge
 (1 because !y are no?+3 ,i d n f9d s   
mu* good 9 myself1 t ,i _c tell x )\t   
blu%+4  ,:at cont5tm5t w\ld x n be to me
 to he> any "o ?us relate to me !       
mann]s1 faces1 c\nt5ances1 ! ord9>y     
words & =tunes ( my ance/ors8 h[        
att5tively %\ld ,i li/5 to x6  ,9 e>ne/1
 x w\ld be evil nature to despise s mu* 

z ! pictures ( our fri5ds & pr$ecessors1
 ! fa%ion ( _! clo!s & arms4  ,i pres]ve
 _! writ+1 seal1 & a p>ticul> sword !y  
wore1 & h n ?r[n ! long /aves my fa!r   
us$ to c>ry 9 8 h&1 out ( my closet4    
,pat]na ve/is1 et annulus1 tanto *>ior  
e/           po/]is1 quanto erga p>5tes 
major affectus4       ,a fa!r's g>m5t & 
r+ is by s mu* de>] to 8 po/]ity1      z
 !re is ! great] affection t[>ds p>5ts4 
--,/4 ,aug41 ,de ,civat4 ,dei1 i4 #ac4  
,if my po/]ity1 nev]!less1 %all be (    
ano!r m9d1 ,i %all be av5g$ on !m2 = !y 
_c c>e less = me ?an ,i %all !n d = !m4 
,all ! traffic t ,i h 9 ?is ) ! public  
is1 t ,i borr[ _! ut5sils ( writ+1 :i*  
are m easy & mo/ at h&2 & 9 recomp5se   
%all1 p]adv5ture1 keep a p\nd ( butt] 9 
! m>ket f melt+ 9 ! sun3--,montaigne    
semi-s]i\sly speculates on ! possibility
 ( 8 ,,ms4 be+ us$ to wrap up butt]4    
,ne toga cordyllis1 ne p5ula desit      
olivis2                ,et laxas        
scombris saepe dabo tunicas2       ,let 
n wrapp]s be want+ to tunny-fi%1 nor    

olives2      & ,i %all supply loose     
cov]+s to mack]el4      --,m>tial1 xiii4
  ,i1 ,i4  ,& ?\gh nobody %\ld read me1 
h ,i wa/$ "t 9 ent]ta9+ myself s _m idle
 h\rs 9 s pleas+ & useful ?\ghts8  ,9   
m\ld+ ?is figure ^u myself1 ,i h be5 s  
(t5 con/ra9$ to temp] & compose myself 9
 a "r po/ure1 t ! copy is truly tak51 & 
has 9 "s sort =m$ itself2 pa9t+ myself =
 o!rs1 ,i repres5t myself 9 a bett]     
col\r+ ?an my own natural complexion4 ,i
 h no m made my book ?an my book has    
made me3 'tis a book consub/antial ) !  
au?or1 ( a peculi> design1 a p>cel ( my 
life1 & ^: bus9ess is n design$ = o!rs1 
z t ( all o!r books is4  ,9 giv+ myself 
s cont9ual & s exact an acc\nt ( myself1
 h ,i lo/ my "t8  ,= !y :o sometimes    
cursorily survey !mselves only1 d n s   
/rictly exam9e !mselves1 nor p5etrate s 
deep1 z he :o makes x 8 bus9ess1 8 /udy1
 & 8 employm5t1 :o int5ds a la/+ record1
 ) all 8 fidelity1 & ) all 8 =ce3 ,! mo/
 delici\s pleasures dige/$ )91 avoid    
leav+ any trace ( !mselves1 & avoid !   

sight n only ( ! p1 b ( any o!r p]son4  
,h[ (t5 has ?is "w div]t$ me f          
tr\blesome ?\ghts8 & all t are frivol\s 
%\ld be reput$ s4  ,nature has pres5t$ u
 ) a l>ge faculty ( ent]ta9+ ourselves  
alone2 & (t5 calls u to x1 to tea* u t  
we owe ourselves 9 "p to society1 b     
*iefly & mo/ly to ourselves4  ,t ,i may 
habituate my fancy ev5 to m$itate 9 "s  
me?od & to "s end1 & to keep x f los+   
itself & rov+ at r&om1 'tis b to give to
 body & to record all ! little ?\ghts t 
pres5t !mselves to x4  ,i give e> to my 
:imsies1 because ,i am to record !m4  ,x
 (t5 falls out1 t be+ displeas$ at "s   
action t civility & reason w n p]mit me 
op5ly to reprove1 ,i "h disgorge myself1
 n )\t design ( public in/ruction3 &    
also ^! poetical la%es1                 
,zon zur l'oeil1 ion sur le gro91       
,zon zur le dos du ,sago91       ,a slap
 on 8 eye1 a slap on 8 sn\t1 a slap on  
,sago9's      back4--,m>ot4             
,fripelippes1 ,valet de ,m>ot a ,sago94 
impr9t !mselves bett] ^u pap] ?an ^u !  

fle%4  ,:at if ,i li/5 to books a little
 m att5tively ?an ord9>y1 s9ce ,i wat*  
if ,i c purlo9 any?+ t may adorn or     
support my own8  ,i h n at all /udi$ to 
make a book2 b ,i h 9 "s sort /udi$     
because ,i _h made x2 if x be /udy+ to  
scrat* & p9* n[ "o au?or1 & !n ano!r1   
ei!r by ! head or foot1 n ) any design  
to =m op9ions f !m1 b to assi/1 second1 
& =tify ^? ,i already h embrac$4 ,b :om 
%all we believe 9 ! report he makes (   
himself 9 s corrupt an age8  consid]+   
!re are s few1 if1 any at all1 :om we c 
believe :5 speak+ ( o!rs1 :]e !re is    
less int]e/ to lie4 ,! fir/ ?+ done 9 ! 
corruption ( mann]s is bani%+ tru?2 =1 z
 ,p9d> says1 to be true is ! beg9n+ ( a 
great virtue1 & ! fir/ article t ,plato 
requires 9 ! gov]nor ( 8 ,republic4 ,!  
tru? ( ^! days is n t :i* really is1 b  
:at e man p]suades ano!r man to believe2
 z we g5]ally give ! "n ( money n only  
to pieces ( ! du/ alloy1 b ev5 to !     
false also1 if !y w pass4  ,our nation  
has long be5 reproa*$ ) ?is vice2 =     

,salvianus ( ,m>seilles1 :o liv$ 9 ! "t 
( ! ,emp]or ,val5t9ian1 says t ly+ &    
=swe>+ !mselves is ) ! ,fr5* n a vice1 b
 a way ( speak+4  ,he :o w\ld enhance   
?is te/imony1 might say t x is n[ a     
virtue 9 !m2 m5 =m & fa%ion !mselves to 
x z to an ex]cise ( hon\r2 =            
dissimulation is "o ( ! mo/ notable     
qualities ( ?is age4  ,i h (t5 consid]$ 
:5ce ?is cu/om t we s religi\sly obs]ve 
%\ld spr+1 ( be+ m highly (f5d$ ) !     
reproa* ( a vice s famili> to u ?an )   
any o!r1 & t x %\ld be ! highe/ insult t
 c 9 words be done u to reproa* u ) a   
lie4  ,^u exam9ation1 ,i f9d t x is     
natural mo/ to def5d ! defects ) :i* we 
are mo/ ta9t$4  ,x seems z if by res5t+ 
& be+ mov$ at ! accusation1 we 9 "s sort
 acquit ourselves ( ! fault2 ?\gh we h x
 9 effect1 we condemn x 9 outw>d        
appe>ance4  ,may x n also be t ?is      
reproa* seems to imply c[>dice &        
feebl5ess ( he>t8 ( :i* c !re be a m    
manife/ sign ?an to eat a man's own     
words--nay1 to lie aga9/ a man's own k8 

,ly+ is a base vice2 a vice t "o ( !    
anci5ts portrays 9 ! mo/ odi\s col\rs :5
 he says1 t x is to manife/ a contempt (
 ,god1 & )al a fe> ( m54  ,x is n       
possible m fully to repres5t ! horror1  
bas5ess1 & irregul>ity ( x2 = :at c a   
man imag9e m hateful & contemptible ?an 
to be a c[>d t[>ds m51 & valiant aga9/ 8
 ,mak]8  ,our intellig5ce be+ by no o!r 
way communicable to "o ano!r b by a     
p>ticul> ^w1 he :o falsifies t betrays  
public society4  ',tis ! only way by :i*
 we communicate our ?\ghts & wills2 'tis
 ! int]pret] ( ! s\l1 & if x deceive u1 
we no long] "k nor h fur!r tie ^u "o    
ano!r2 if t deceive u1 x breaks all our 
correspond5ce1 & dissolves all ! ties ( 
gov]nm5t4 ,c]ta9 nations ( ! newly      
discov]$ ,indies 7,i ne$ n give !m      
names1 see+ !y are no m2 =1 by wond]ful 
& unhe>d( example1 ! desolation ( t     
conque/ has ext5d$ to ! utt] abolition (
 names & ! anci5t k ( places7 (f]$ to _!
 gods human blood1 b only su* z 0 drawn 
f ! tongue & e>s1 to expiate = ! s9 (   

ly+1 z well he>d z pron\nc$4  ,t good   
fell[ ( ,greece--,plut>*1 ,life (       
,lys&]1 c4 #d4--said t *ildr5 are amus$ 
) toys & m5 ) words4  ,z to our div]se  
usages ( giv+ ! lie1 & ! laws ( hon\r 9 
t case1 & ! alt]ation !y h receiv$1 ,i  
def] say+ :at ,i "k ( !m to ano!r "t1 & 
%all le>n1 if ,i c1 9 ! mean:ile1 at :at
 "t ! cu/om took beg9n+ ( s exactly     
weigh+ & measur+ words1 & ( mak+ our    
hon\r int]e/$ 9 !m2 = x is easy to judge
 t x 0 n anci5tly among/ ! ,romans &    
,greeks4 ,& x has (t5 seem$ to me /range
 to see !m rail at & give "o ano!r ! lie
 )\t any qu>rel4  ,_! laws ( duty /e]$  
"s o!r c\rse ?an ours4  ,caes> is       
sometimes call$ ?ief1 & sometimes       
drunk>d1 to 8 tee?4  ,we see ! lib]ty ( 
invective !y practis$ ^u "o ano!r1 ,i   
mean ! greate/ *iefs ( w> ( bo? nations1
 :]e words are only rev5g$ ) words1 & d 
n proce$ any f>!r4     ,,*apt] ,,xix    
,,( ,,lib]ty ,,( ,,consci5ce  ',tis     
usual to see good int5tions1 if c>ri$ on
 )\t mod]ation1 pu% m5 on to v vici\s   

effects4  ,9 ?is dispute :i* has at ?is 
"t engag$ ,france 9 a civil w>1 ! bett] 
& ! s\nde/ cause no d\bt is t :i*       
ma9ta9s ! anci5t religion & gov]nm5t ( !
 k+dom4  ,nev]!less1 among/ ! good m5 ( 
t p>ty 7= ,i d n speak ( ^? :o only make
 a pret5ce ( x1 ei!r to execute _! own  
p>ticul> rev5ges or to gratify _!       
av>ice1 or to conciliate ! fav\r (      
pr9ces1 b ( ^? :o engage 9 ! qu>rel out 
( true zeal to religion & a holy desire 
to ma9ta9 ! peace & gov]nm5t ( _!       
c\ntry71 ( ^!1 ,i say1 we see _m :om    
passion transports beyond ! b\nds (     
reason1 & sometimes inspires ) c\nsels t
 are unju/ & viol5t1 &1 moreov]1 ra%4   
,x is c]ta9 t 9 ^? fir/ times1 :5 our   
religion began to ga9 au?ority ) ! laws1
 zeal arm$ _m aga9/ all sorts ( pagan   
books1 by :i* ! le>n$ suff]$ an exce$+  
great loss1 a disord] t ,i conceive to h
 done m prejudice to lett]s ?an all !   
flames ( ! b>b>ians4  ,( ?is ,cornelius 
,tacitus is a v good te/imony2 = ?\gh ! 
,emp]or ,tacitus1 8 k9sman1 _h1 by      

express ord]1 furni%$ all ! libr>ies 9 !
 _w ) x1 nev]!less "o entire copy c\ld n
 escape ! curi\s exam9ation ( ^? :o     
desir$ to aboli% x = only five or six   
idle clauses t 7 contr>y to our belief4 
,!y _h also ! trick easily to l5d undue 
praises to all ! emp]ors :o made = u1 & 
univ]sally to condemn all ! actions ( ^?
 :o 7 adv]s>ies1 z is evid5tly manife/ 9
 ! ,emp]or ,julian1 surnam$ ! ,apo/ate1 
,! "* ( ! ,emp]or ,julian 0 c5sur$1 :5  
,montaigne      0 at ,rome 9 #aeha1 by !
 ,ma/] ( ! ,sacr$ ,palace1 :o1          
h[ev]1 z ,montaigne tells u 9 8 j\rnal  
7ii4  #ce71 ref]r$ x      to 8 consci5ce
 to alt] :at he %\ld ?9k 9 bad ta/e4    
,?is      ,montaigne did n d1 & ?is     
*apt] suppli$ ,voltaire ) !      great] 
"p ( ! praises he be/[$ ^u !            
,emp]or4--,lecl]c4  :o 01 9 tru?1 a v   
great & r>e man1 a man 9 ^: s\l         
philosophy 0 impr9t$ 9 ! be/ *>act]s1 by
 :i* he pr(ess$ to gov]n all 8 actions2 
&1 9 tru?1 !re is no sort ( virtue ( :i*
 he has n left beh9d him v notable      

examples3 9 *a/ity 7( :i* ! :ole ( 8    
life gave manife/ pro(7 we read ! same (
 him t 0 said ( ,alex&] & ,scipio1 t be+
 9 ! fl[] ( 8 age1 = he 0 sla9 by !     
,p>?ians at "o-&-?irty1 ( a great _m v  
beautiful captives1 he w\ld n s mu* z   
look ^u "o4  ,z to 8 ju/ice1 he took    
himself ! pa9s to he> ! p>ties1 & al?\gh
 he w\ld out ( curiosity inquire :at    
religion !y 7 (1 nev]!less1 ! antipa?y  
he _h to ours nev] gave any c\nt]poise  
to ! balance4  ,he made himself sev]al  
good laws1 & repeal$ a great "p ( !     
subsidies & taxes levi$ by 8            
pr$ecessors4  ,we h two good hi/orians  
:o 7 eyewitnesses ( 8 actions3 "o ( :om1
 ,m>cell9us1 9 sev]al places ( 8 hi/ory 
%>ply reproves an edict ( 8 :]eby he    
int]dict$ all ,*ri/ian rhetoricians &   
gramm>ians to keep s*ool or to tea*1 &  
says he c\ld wi% t act ( 8 _h be5 buri$ 
9 sil5ce3 x is probable t _h he done any
 m sev]e ?+ aga9/ u1 he1 s affectionate 
z he 0 to our p>ty1 w\ld n h pass$ x ov]
 9 sil5ce4  ,he 0 inde$ %>p aga9/ u1 b  

yet no cruel enemy2 = our own p tell ?is
 /ory ( him1 t "o day1 walk+ ab\t ! city
 ( ,*alc$on1 ,m>is1 bi%op ( ! place2 0 s
 bold z to tell him t he 0 impi\s1 & an 
enemy to ,*ri/1 at :i*1 !y say1 he 0 no 
fur!r mov$ ?an to reply1 ,g1 poor wret*1
 & lam5t ! loss ( ?y eyes1 to :i* !     
bi%op repli$ aga91 ,i ?ank ,jesus ,*ri/ 
= tak+ away my sight1 t ,i may n see ?y 
impud5t visage1 affect+ 9 t1 !y say1 a  
philosophical pati5ce4  ,b ?is action ( 
8 be>s no comp>ison to ! cruelty t he is
 said to h ex]cis$ aga9/ u4  ,he 01 says
 ,eutropius1  my o!r witness1 an enemy  
to ,*ri/ianity1  b )\t putt+ 8 h& to    
blood4  ,&1 to return to 8 ju/ice1 !re  
is no?+ 9 t :]e( he c be accus$1 !      
sev]ity except$ he practis$ 9 ! beg9n+ (
 8 reign aga9/ ^? :o _h foll[$ ! p>ty ( 
,con/antius1 8 pr$ecessor4  ,z to 8     
sobriety1 he liv$ always a soldi]-l     
life2 & obs]v$ a diet & r\t9e1 l "o t   
prep>$ & inur$ himself to ! au/]ities ( 
w>4  ,8 vigilance 0 su*1 t he divid$ !  
night into ?ree or f\r p>ts1 ( :i* !    

lea/ 0 d$icat$ to sleep2 ! re/ 0 sp5t   
ei!r 9 visit+ ! /ate ( 8 army & gu>ds 9 
p]son1 or 9 /udy2 = among/ o!r r>e      
qualities1 he 0 v excell5t 9 all sorts (
 le>n+4  ',tis said ( ,alex&] ! ,great1 
t be+ 9 b$1 = fe> le/ sleep %\ld div]t  
him f 8 ?\ghts & /udies1 he _h always a 
bas9 set by 8 b$side1 & held "o ( 8 h&s 
out ) a ball ( copp] 9 x1 to ! end1 t1  
beg9n+ to fall asleep1 & 8 f+]s leav+ _!
 hold1 ! ball by fall+ into ! bas91     
might awake him4 ,b ! o!r _h 8 s\l s b5t
 ^u :at he _h a m9d to d1 & s little    
di/urb$ ) fumes by reason ( 8 s+ul>     
ab/95ce1 t he _h no ne$ ( any su*       
inv5tion4  ,z to 8 milit>y exp]i5ce1 he 
0 excell5t 9 all ! qualities ( a great  
capta91 z x 0 likely he %\ld1 be+ almo/ 
all 8 life 9 a cont9ual ex]cise ( w>1 & 
mo/ ( t "t ) u 9 ,france1 aga9/ !       
,g]mans & ,franks3 we h>dly read ( any  
man :o ev] saw m dang]s1 or :o made m   
frequ5t pro(s ( 8 p]sonal val\r4  ,8    
dea? has some?+ 9 x p>allel ) t (       
,epam9ondas1 = he 0 w\nd$ ) an arr[1 &  

tri$ to pull x out1 & _h done s1 b t1   
be+ edg$1 x cut & disabl$ 8 h&4  ,he    
incessantly call$ out t !y %\ld c>ry him
 aga9 into ! heat ( ! battle1 to        
enc\rage 8 soldi]s1 :o v bravely disput$
 ! fight )\t him1 till night p>t$ !     
armies4  ,he /ood oblig$ to 8 philosophy
 = ! s+ul> contempt he _h = 8 life & all
 human ?+s4  ,he _h a firm belief ( !   
immortality ( s\ls4  ,9 matt] ( religion
 he 0 wrong ?r\gh\t1 & 0 surnam$ !      
,apo/ate = hav+ rel9qui%$ ours3         
nev]!less1 ! op9ion seems to me m       
probable1 t he _h nev] ?or\ghly embrac$ 
x1 b _h dissembl$ out ( ob$i5ce to !    
laws1 till he came to ! empire4 ,he 0 9 
8 own s sup]/iti\s1 t he 0 laugh$ at = x
 by ^? ( 8 own "t1 ( ! same op9ion1 :o  
je]+ly said1 t _h he got ! victory ov] !
 ,p>?ians1 he _h de/roy$ ! bre$ ( ox5 9 
! _w to supply 8 sacrifices4  ,he 01    
moreov]1 besott$ ) ! art ( div9ation1 & 
gave au?ority to all sorts ( pr$ictions4
 ,he said1 among/ o!r ?+s at 8 dea?1 t  
he 0 oblig$ to ! gods1 & ?ank$ !m1 9 t  

!y w\ld n cut him (f by surprise1 hav+  
long be=e adv]tis$ him ( ! place & h\r (
 8 dea?1 nor by a mean & unmanly dea?1 m
 becom+ lazy & delicate p2 nor by a dea?
 t 0 langui%+1 long1 & pa9ful2 & t !y _h
 ?\ght him wor?y to die aft] t noble    
mann]1 9 ! progress ( 8 victories1 9 !  
fl[] ( 8 glory4  ,he _h a vision l t (  
,m>cus ,brutus1 t fir/ ?reat5$ him 9    
,gaul1 & aft]w>d appe>$ to him 9 ,p]sia 
j be=e 8 dea?4  ,^! words t "s make him 
say :5 he felt himself w\nd$3 ,?\ ha/   
ov]come1 ,naz>5e2 or z o!rs1 ,cont5t    
?yself1 ,naz>5e2 w\ld h>dly h be5       
omitt$1 _h !y be5 believ$1 by my        
witnesses1 :o1 be+ pres5t 9 ! army1 h   
set d[n to ! lea/ motions & words ( 8   
end2 no m ?an c]ta9 o!r miracles t are  
report$ ab\t x4  ,& to return to my     
subject1 he long n\ri%$1 says           
,m>cell9us1 paganism 9 8 he>t2 b all 8  
army be+ ,*ri/ians1 he dur/ n own x4  ,b
 9 ! end1 see+ himself /rong en\gh to   
d>e to discov] himself1 he caus$ !      
temples ( ! gods to be ?r[n op51 & did 8

 utt]mo/ to set on foot & to enc\rage   
idolatry4  ,:i* ! bett] to effect1 hav+ 
at ,con/ant9ople f\nd ! p disunit$1 &   
also ! prelates ( ! *ur* divid$ among/  
!mselves1 hav+ conv5$ !m all be=e him1  
he e>ne/ly admoni%$ !m to calm ^? civil 
diss5sions1 & t e "o might freely1 & )\t
 fe>1 foll[ 8 own religion4  ,:i* he ! m
 s$ul\sly solicit$1 9 hope t ?is lic5ce 
w\ld augm5t ! s*isms & factions ( _!    
division1 & h9d] ! p f reunit+1 &       
consequ5tly =tify+ !mselves aga9/ him by
 _! unanim\s intellig5ce & concord2 hav+
 exp]i5c$ by ! cruelty ( "s ,*ri/ians1 t
 !re is no bea/ 9 ! _w s mu* to be fe>$ 
by man z man2 ^! are v ne>ly 8 words4   
,:]e9 ?is is v wor?y ( consid]ation1 t !
 ,emp]or ,julian made use ( ! same      
receipt ( lib]ty ( consci5ce to inflame 
! civil diss5sions t our k+s d to       
ext+ui% !m4  ,s t a man may say on "o   
side1 t to give ! p ! re9s to ent]ta9 e 
man 8 own op9ion1 is to scatt] & s[     
division1 &1 z x 71 to l5d a h& to      
augm5t x1 !re be+ no legal imp$im5t or  

re/ra9t to /op or h9d] _! c>e]2 b1 on ! 
o!r side1 a man may also say1 t to give 
! p ! re9s to ent]ta9 e man 8 own       
op9ion1 is to mollify & appease !m by   
facility & tol]ation1 & to dull ! po9t  
:i* is :ett$ & made %>p] by s+ul>ity1   
novelty1 & difficulty3 & ,i ?9k x is    
bett] = ! hon\r ( ! devotion ( our k+s1 
t n hav+ be5 able to d :at !y w\ld1 !y h
 made a %[ ( be+ will+ to d :at !y c\ld4
     ,,*apt] ,,xx  ,,t ,,we ,,ta/e      
,,no?+ ,,pure  ,! feebl5ess ( our       
condition is su* t ?+s _c1 9 _! natural 
simplicity & purity1 fall into our use2 
! elem5ts t we enjoy are *ang$1 & s 'tis
 ) metals2 & gold mu/ be debas$ ) "s o!r
 matt] to fit x = our s]vice4  ,nei!r   
has virtue1 s simple z t :i* ,ari/o1    
,pyrrho1 & also ! ,/oics1 made ! end (  
life2 nor ! ,cyr5aic & ,ari/ippic       
pleasure1 be5 )\t mixture useful to x4  
,( ! pleasure & goods t we enjoy1 !re is
 n "o exempt f "s mixture ( ill &       
inconv5i5ce3                            
,m$io de fonte leporum1                 

,surgit am>i aliquid1 quod 9 ipsis      
fioribus angat4       ,f ! v f\nta9 (   
our pleasure1 some?+ rises t is         
bitt]1 :i* ev5 9 fl[]s                  
de/roys4--,lucretius1 iv4 #aacj4  ,our  
extreme/ pleasure has "s sort ( groan+ &
 compla9+ 9 x2 w\ld y n say t x is dy+ (
 pa98  ,nay1 :5 we frame ! image ( x 9  
its full excell5ce1 we /uff x ) sickly &
 pa9ful epi!ts & qualities1 languor1    
s(tness1 feebl5ess1 fa9tness1           
'morbidezza'3 a great te/imony ( _!     
consangu9ity & consub/antiality4  ,! mo/
 pr(\nd joy has m ( sev]ity ?an gaiety1 
9 x4  ,! highe/ & fulle/ cont5tm5t (f]s 
m ( ! grave ?an ( ! m]ry3               
,ipsa felicitas1 se nisi temp]at1       
premit4            ,ev5 felicity1 unless
 x mod]ate itself1 oppresses8           
--,s5eca1 ,ep4 #gd4  ,pleasure *ews &   
gr9ds u2 accord+ to ! old ,greek v]se1  
:i* says t ! gods sell u all ! goods !y 
give u2 t is to say1 t !y give u no?+   
pure & p]fect1 & t we d n pur*ase b at !
 price ( "s evil4  ,lab\r & pleasure1 v 

unlike 9 nature1 associate1 nev]!less1  
by ,i "k n :at natural conjunction4     
,socrates says1 t "s god tri$ to mix 9  
"o mass & to conf\nd pa9 & pleasure1 b n
 be+ able to d x2 he be?\ght him at lea/
 to c\ple !m by ! tail4 ,metrodorus     
said1 t 9 sorr[ !re is "s mixture (     
pleasure4  ,i "k n :e!r or no he int5d$ 
any?+ else by t say+2 b = my "p1 ,i am (
 op9ion t !re is design1 cons5t1 &      
complac5cy 9 giv+ a man's self up to    
melan*oly4 ,i say1 t besides ambition1  
:i* may also h a /roke 9 ! bus9ess1 !re 
is "s %ad[ ( delight & delicacy :i*     
smiles ^u & flatt]s u ev5 9 ! v lap (   
melan*oly4  ,are !re n "s con/itutions t
 fe$ ^u x8                      ,e/     
qua$am fl]e voluptas2                   
',tis a c]ta9 k9d ( pleasure to weep4   
--,ovid1 ,tri/41 iv4  #c1 #bg4  & "o    
,attalus 9 ,s5eca says1 t ! memory ( our
 lo/ fri5ds is z grateful to u1 z       
bitt]ness 9 w9e1 :5 too old1 is to !    
palate3                      ,m9i/]     
vetuli1 pu]1 ,fal]ni                    

,+]' mi calices am>iores--       ,boy1  
:5 y p\r out old ,fal]nian w9e1 !       
bitt]e/ put      into my                
b[l4--,catullus1 xxvii4 ,i4  & z apples 
t h a sweet t>tness4  ,nature discov]s  
?is confusion to u2 pa9t]s hold t ! same
 motions & grimaces ( ! face t s]ve =   
weep+2 s]ve = laught] too2 & inde$1 be=e
 ! "o or ! o!r be f9i%$1 d b obs]ve !   
pa9t]'s mann] ( h&l+1 & y w be 9 d\bt to
 :i* ( ! two ! design t5ds2 & ! extreme 
( laught] does at la/ br+ te>s3         
,nullum s9e auctoram5to malum e/4       
,no evil is )\t its                     
comp5sation4--,s5eca1 ,ep41 #fi4  ,:5 ,i
 imag9e man ab\nd+ ) all ! conv5i5ces t 
are to be desir$ 7let u put ! case t all
 8 memb]s 7 always seiz$ ) a pleasure l 
t ( g5]ation1 9 its mo/ excessive       
height7 ,i feel him melt+ "u ! weight ( 
8 delight1 & see him utt]ly unable to   
support s pure1 s cont9ual1 & s univ]sal
 a pleasure4  ,inde$1 he is runn+ away  
:il/ he is !re1 & naturally makes ha/e  
to escape1 z f a place :]e he _c /&     

firm1 & :]e he is afraid ( s9k+4  ,:5 ,i
 religi\sly confess myself to myself1 ,i
 f9d t ! be/ virtue ,i h has 9 x "s     
t9cture ( vice2 & ,i am afraid t ,plato1
 9 8 pure/ virtue 7,i1 :o am z s9c]e &  
loyal a lov] ( virtue ( t /amp z any o!r
 :atev]71 if he _h li/5$ & laid 8 e>    
close to himself & he did s no          
d\bt--w\ld h he>d "s j>r+ note ( human  
mixture1 b fa9t & only p]ceptible to    
himself4  ,man is :olly & ?r\gh\t b pat*
 & motley4  ,ev5 ! laws ( ju/ice        
!mselves _c subsi/ )\t mixture (        
inju/ice2 insomu* t ,plato says1 !y     
und]take to cut (f ! hydra's head1 :o   
pret5d to cle> ! law ( all inconv5i5ces3
            ,omne magnum exemplum habet 
aliquid ex iniquo1           quod contra
 s+ulos utilitate publics rep5ditur1    
,e great example has 9 x "s mixture (   
inju/ice1 :i*      recomp5ses ! wrong   
done to p>ticul> m5 by ! public utility4
      --,annals1 xiv4 #dd4  says        
,tacitus4  ,x is likewise true1 t = !   
use ( life & ! s]vice ( public comm]ce1 

!re may be "s excesses 9 ! purity &     
p]spicacity ( our m9ds2 t p5etrat+ light
 has 9 x too mu* ( subtlety & curiosity3
 we mu/ a little /upefy & blunt !m to   
r5d] !m m ob$i5t to example & practice1 
& a little veil & obscure !m1 ! bett] to
 proportion !m to ?is d>k & e>?ly life4 
,& !re=e common & less speculative s\ls 
are f\nd to be m prop] = & m successful 
9 ! managem5t ( affairs1 & ! elevat$ &  
exquisite op9ions ( philosophy unfit =  
bus9ess4  ,?is %>p vivacity ( s\l1 & !  
supple & re/less volubility att5d+ x1   
di/urb our negotiations4  ,we are to    
manage human ent]prises m sup]ficially &
 r\ghly1 & leave a great "p to =tune2 x 
is n necess>y to exam9e affairs ) s mu* 
subtlety & s deep3 a man loses himself 9
 ! consid]ation ( _m contr>y lu/res1 & s
 _m v>i\s =ms3       ,volutantibus res  
int] se pugnantes1 obtorpu]unt4444      
animi4       ,:il/ !y consid]$ ( ?+s s  
indiff]5t 9 !mselves1      !y 7 a/oni%$1
 & knew n :at to d4--,livy1 xxxii4 #bj4 
',tis :at ! anci5ts say ( ,simonides1 t 

by reason 8 imag9ation sugge/$ to him1  
^u ! "q ,k+ ,hi]o _h put to him--,:at   
,god 04--,cic]o1 ,de ,nat4  ,deor41 i4  
#bb4--7to answ] :i* he _h _h _m days =  
?\ght71 sev]al %>p & subtle             
consid]ations1 :il/ he d\bt$ :i* 0 ! mo/
 likely1 he totally despair$ ( ! tru?4  
,he :o dives into & 9 8 inquisition     
compreh5ds all circum/ances &           
consequ5ces1 h9d]s 8 election3 a little 
eng9e well h&l$ is suffici5t =          
executions1 :e!r ( less or great]       
weight4  ,! be/ manag]s are ^? :o c wor/
 give acc\nt h[ !y are s2 :ile ! greate/
 talk]s1 = ! mo/ "p1 d no?+ to purpose2 
,i "k "o ( ?is sort ( m51 & a mo/       
excell5t disc\rs] ^u all sorts ( good   
husb&ry1 :o has mis]ably let a hundr$   
?\s& livres ye>ly rev5ue slip ?r\gh 8   
h&s2 ,i "k ano!r :o talks1 :o bett]     
advises ?an any man ( 8 c\nsel1 & !re is
 n 9 ! _w a fair] %[ ( s\l & und]/&+ ?an
 he has2 nev]!less1 :5 he comes to !    
te/1 8 s]vants f9d him q ano!r ?+2 n to 
make any m5tion ( 8 mis=tunes4          

,,*apt] ,,xxi  ,,aga9/ ,,idl5ess  ,!    
,emp]or ,vespasian1 be+ sick ( ! disease
 :]e( he di$1 did n = all t neglect to  
inquire aft] ! /ate ( ! empire1 & ev5 9 
b$ cont9ually despat*$ v _m affairs (   
great consequ5ce2 = :i*1 be+ reprov$ by 
8 physician1 z a ?+ prejudicial to 8    
heal?1 ,an emp]or1 said he1 mu/ die /&+4
  ,a f9e say+1 9 my op9ion1 & wor?y a   
great pr9ce4  ,! ,emp]or ,adrian s9ce   
made use ( ! same words1 & k+s %\ld be  
(t5 put 9 m9d ( !m1 to make !m "k t !   
great (fice conf]r$ ^u !m ( ! comm& ( s 
_m m51 is n an employm5t ( ease2 & t !re
 is no?+ c s ju/ly disgu/ a subject1 &  
make him unwill+ to expose himself to   
lab\r & dang] = ! s]vice ( 8 pr9ce1 ?an 
to see him1 9 ! meantime1 devot$ to 8   
ease & frivol\s amusem5t1 & to be       
solicit\s ( 8 pres]vation :o s mu*      
neglects t ( 8 p4  ,:oev] w take ^u him 
to ma9ta9 t 'tis bett] = a pr9ce to c>ry
 on 8 w>s by o!rs1 ?an 9 8 own p]son1   
=tune w furni% him ) examples en\gh ( ^?
 ^: lieut5ants h br\ght great ent]prises

 to a happy issue1 & ( ^? also ^:       
pres5ce has done m hurt ?an good3 b no  
virtu\s & valiant pr9ce c ) pati5ce     
endure s di%on\rable c\ncils4  ,"u col\r
 ( sav+ 8 head1 l ! /atue ( a sa9t1 = ! 
happ9ess ( 8 k+dom1 !y degrade him f &  
decl>e him incapable ( 8 (fice1 :i* is  
milit>y ?r\gh\t3 ,i "k "o--,probably    
,h5ry ,,iv4--:o _h mu* r be beat51 ?an  
to sleep :il/ ano!r fights = him2 & :o  
nev] )\t jeal\sy he>d ( any brave ?+    
done ev5 by 8 own (fic]s 9 8 abs5ce4  ,&
 ,soliman ,i4 said1 ) v good reason1 9  
my op9ion1 t victories obta9$ )\t ! ma/]
 7 nev] complete4 ,mu* m w\ld he h said 
t t ma/] ought to blu% = %ame1 to pret5d
 to any %>e 9 ! hon\r1 hav+ contribut$  
no?+ to ! "w1 b 8 voice & ?\ght2 nor ev5
 s mu* z ^!1 consid]+ t 9 su* "w z t1 ! 
direction & comm& t des]ve hon\r are    
only su* z are giv5 ^u ! spot1 & 9 !    
heat ( ! bus9ess4  ,no pilot p]=ms 8    
(fice by /&+ /ill4  ,! pr9ces ( !       
,ottoman family1 ! *iefe/ 9 ! _w 9      
milit>y =tune1 h w>mly embrac$ ?is      

op9ion1 & ,bajazet ,,ii41 ) 8 son1 :o   
sw]v$ f x1 sp5d+ _! "t 9 sci5ce & o!r   
retir$ employm5ts1 gave great bl[s to _!
 empire2 & ,amura? ,,iii41 n[ reign+1   
foll[+ _! example1 beg9s to f9d ! same4 
,0 x n ,edw>d ,,iii41 ,k+ ( ,engl&1 :o  
said ?is ( our ,*>les ,v43 ,!re nev] 0  
k+ :o s seldom put on 8 arm\r1 & yet    
nev] k+ :o gave me s mu* to d4  ,he _h  
reason to ?9k x /range1 z an effect (   
*ance m ?an ( reason4  ,& let ^? seek   
out "s o!r to jo9 ) !m ?an me1 :o w     
reckon ! ,k+s ( ,ca/ile & ,portugal     
among/ ! w>like & magnanim\s conqu]ors1 
because at ! di/ance ( twelve hundr$    
leagues f _! lazy abode1 by ! conduct ( 
_! capta9s1 !y made !mselves ma/]s ( bo?
 ,indies2 ( :i* x has to be kn[n if !y  
w\ld h _h ev5 ! c\rage to g & 9 p]son   
enjoy !m4  ,! ,emp]or ,julian said yet  
fur!r1 t a philosoph] & a brave man     
ought n s mu* z to brea!2 t is to say1 n
 to all[ any m to bodily necessities ?an
 :at we _c refuse2 keep+ ! s\l & body   
/ill int5t & busy ab\t hon\rable1 great1

 & virtu\s ?+s4  ,he 0 a%am$ if any "o 9
 public saw him spit1 or sweat 7:i* is  
said by "s1 also1 ( ! ,lac$aemonian "y  
m51 & :i* ,x5ophon says ( ! ,p]sian71   
=asmu* z he conceiv$ t ex]cise1 cont9ual
 lab\r1 & sobriety1 ought to h dri$ up  
all ^? sup]fluities4  ,:at ,s5eca says w
 n be unfit = ?is place2 :i* is1 t !    
anci5t ,romans kept _! y\? always /&+1 &
 taught !m no?+ t !y 7 to le>n sitt+4   
',tis a g5]\s desire to wi% to die      
usefully & l a man1 b ! effect lies n s 
mu* 9 our resolution z 9 our good =tune2
 a ?\s& h propos$ to !mselves 9 battle1 
ei!r to ov]come or to die1 :o h fail$   
bo? 9 ! "o & ! o!r1 w\nds & imprisonm5t 
cross+ _! design & compell+ !m to live  
aga9/ _! w4  ,!re are diseases t ov]?r[ 
ev5 our desires1 & our k4  ,=tune ought 
n to second ! vanity ( ! ,roman legions1
 :o b\nd !mselves by oa?1 ei!r to       
ov]come or die3       ,victor1 ,m>ce    
,fabi1 rev]t> ex acie3 si fallo1 ,jovem 
patrem1      ,gradivumque ,m>tem        
aliosque iratos invoco deos4       ,i w 

return1 ,m>cus ,fabius1 a conqu]or1 f ! 
fight3      & if ,i fail1 ,i invoke     
,fa!r ,jove1 ,m>s ,gradivus1 & !        
o!r angry gods4--,livy1 ii4 #de4  ,!    
,portuguese say t 9 a c]ta9 place ( _!  
conque/ ( ! ,indies1 !y met ) soldi]s :o
 _h condemn$ !mselves1 ) horrible       
execrations1 to ent] into no o!r        
composition b ei!r to cause !mselves to 
be sla91 or to rema9 victori\s2 & _h _! 
heads & be>ds %av$ 9 tok5 ( ?is v[4     
',tis to mu* purpose = u to haz>d       
ourselves & to be ob/9ate3 x seems z if 
bl[s avoid$ ^? :o pres5t !mselves too   
briskly to !m1 & d n will+ly fall ^u ^? 
:o too will+ly seek !m1 & s defeat !m ( 
_! design4  ,su* !re h be51 :o1 aft]    
hav+ tri$ all ways1 n hav+ be5 able )   
all _! endeav\r to obta9 ! fav\r ( dy+  
by ! h& ( ! enemy1 h be5 con/ra9$1 to   
make good _! resolution ( br++ home !   
hon\r ( victory or ( los+ _! lives1 to  
kill !mselves ev5 9 ! heat ( battle4  ,(
 :i* !re are o!r examples1 b ?is is "o3 
,phili/us1 g5]al ( ! naval army (       

,dionysius ! y\ng] aga9/ ! ,syracusans1 
pres5t$ !m battle :i* 0 %>ply disput$1  
_! =ces be+ equal3 9 ?is engagem5t1 he  
_h ! bett] at ! fir/1 ?r\gh 8 own val\r3
 b ! ,syracusans draw+ ab\t 8 gally to  
environ him1 aft] hav+ done great ?+s 9 
8 own p]son to dis5gage himself & hop+ =
 no relief1 ) 8 own h& he took away !   
life he _h s lib]ally1 & 9 va91 expos$  
to ! enemy4  ,mule ,molo*1 k+ ( ,fez1 :o
 lately won aga9/ ,seba/ian1 k+ (       
,portugal1 ! battle s fam\s = ! dea? (  
?ree k+s1 & = ! transmission ( t great  
k+dom to ! cr[n ( ,ca/ile1 0 extremely  
sick :5 ! ,portuguese ent]$ 9 an ho/ile 
mann] into 8 dom9ions2 & f t day =w>d   
grew worse & worse1 /ill draw+ ne>] to &
 =esee+ 8 end2 yet nev] did man bett]   
employ 8 own suffici5cy m vigor\sly &   
bravely ?an he did ^u ?is occasion4 ,he 
f\nd himself too weak to und]go ! pomp &
 c]emony ( ent]+4 into 8 camp1 :i* aft] 
_! mann] is v magnific5t1 & !re=e       
resign$ t hon\r to 8 bro!r2 b ?is 0 all 
( ! (fice ( a g5]al t he resign$2 all ! 

re/ ( greate/ utility & necessity he    
mo/1 exactly & glori\sly p]=m$ 9 8 own  
p]son2 8 body ly+ ^u a c\*1 b 8 judgm5t 
& c\rage upright & firm to 8 la/ gasp1 &
 9 "s sort beyond x4  ,he might h wa/$ 8
 enemy1 indiscreetly advanc$ into 8     
dom9ions1 )\t /rik+ a bl[2 & x 0 a v    
unhappy occurr5ce1 t = want ( a little  
life or somebody to sub/itute 9 !       
conduct ( ?is w> & ! affairs ( a tr\bl$ 
/ate1 he 0 compell$ to seek a d\btful & 
bloody victory1 hav+ ano!r by a bett] & 
sur] way already 9 8 h&s4  ,not)/&+1 he 
wond]fully manag$ ! cont9uance ( 8      
sickness 9 consum+ ! enemy1 & 9 draw+ !m
 f> f ! assi/ance ( ! navy & ! ports !y 
_h on ! coa/ ( ,africa1 ev5 till ! la/  
day ( 8 life1 :i* he design$ly res]v$ = 
?is great battle4  ,he arrang$ 8        
battalions 9 a circul> =m1 environ+ !   
,portuguese army on e side1 :i* r\nd    
circle com+ to close 9 & to draw up     
close toge!r1 n only h9d]$ !m 9 !       
conflict 7:i* 0 v %>p ?r\gh ! val\r ( ! 
"y invad+ k+71 consid]+ t !y _h e way to

 pres5t a front1 b prev5t$ _! flight    
aft] ! defeat1 s t f9d+ all passages    
possess$ & %ut up by ! enemy1 !y 7      
con/ra9$ to close up toge!r aga93       
,coac]v5turque non solum ca$e1 s$ etiam 
fuga1            ,pil$ up n only 9      
slaught] b 9 flight4  & !re !y 7 sla9 9 
heaps ^u "o ano!r1 leav+ to ! conqu]or a
 v bloody & entire victory4  ,dy+1 he   
caus$ himself to be c>ri$ & hurri$ f    
place to place :]e mo/ ne$ 01 & pass+   
along ! files1 enc\rag$ ! capta9s &     
soldi]s "o aft] ano!r2 b a corn] ( 8 ma9
 battalions be+ brok51 he 0 n to be held
 f m\nt+ on horseback ) 8 sword 9 8 h&2 
he did 8 utmo/ to break f ^? ab\t him1 &
 to ru% into ! ?icke/ ( ! battle1 !y all
 ! :ile )hold+ him1 "s by ! bridle1 "s  
by 8 robe1 & o!rs by 8 /irrups4  ,?is   
la/ ef=t totally ov]:elm$ ! little life 
he _h left2 !y aga9 laid him ^u 8 b$2 b 
com+ to himself1 & />t+ z x 7 out ( 8   
swoon1 all o!r faculties fail+1 to give 
8 p notice t !y 7 to conceal 8 dea? !   
mo/ necess>y comm& he _h !n to give1 t 8

 soldi]s might n be disc\rag$ 7) ! news7
 he expir$ ) 8 f+] ^u 8 m\?1 ! ord9>y   
sign ( keep+ sil5ce4  ,:o ev] liv$ s    
long & s f> into dea?8 :oev] di$ s      
erect1 or m l a man8  ,! mo/ extreme    
degree ( c\rage\sly treat+ dea?1 & ! mo/
 natural1 is to look ^u x n only )\t    
a/oni%m5t b )\t c>e1 cont9u+ ! wont$    
c\rse ( life ev5 into x1 z ,cato did1 :o
 ent]ta9$ himself 9 /udy1 & w5t to      
sleep1 hav+ a viol5t & bloody dea? 9 8  
he>t1 & ! weapon 9 8 h& ) :i* he 0      
resolv$ to despat* himself4     ,,*apt] 
,,xxii  ,,( ,,po/+  ,i h be5 none ( !   
lea/ able 9 ?is ex]cise1 :i* is prop] = 
m5 ( my pit*1 well-knit & %ort2 b ,i    
give x ov]2 x %akes u too mu* to cont9ue
 x long4  ,i 0 at ?is mom5t read+1  t   
,k+ ,cyrus1 ! bett] to h news br\ght him
 f all p>ts ( ! empire1 :i* 0 ( a va/   
ext5t1 caus$ x to be tri$ h[ f> a horse 
c\ld g 9 a day )\t bait+1 & at t di/ance
 appo9t$ m51 ^: bus9ess x 0 to h horses 
always 9 read9ess1 to m\nt ^? :o 7      
despat*$ to him2 & "s say1 t ?is swift  

way ( po/+ is equal to t ( ! flight (   
cranes4  ,caes> says1 t ,lucius         
,vibullius ,rufus1 be+ 9 great ha/e to  
c>ry intellig5ce to ,pompey1 rode night 
& day1 /ill tak+ fre% horses = ! great] 
dilig5ce & spe$2 & he himself1 z        
,suetonius reports1 travell$ a hundr$   
miles a day 9 a hir$ coa*2 b he 0 a     
furi\s c\ri]1 = :]e ! riv]s /opp$ 8 way 
he pass$ !m by swimm+1 )\t turn+ out ( 8
 way to look = ei!r bridge or =d4       
,tib]ius ,n]o1 go+ to see 8 bro!r       
,drusus1 :o 0 sick 9 ,g]many1 travell$  
two hundr$ miles 9 f\r-&-tw5ty h\rs1    
hav+ ?ree coa*es4  ,9 ! w> ( ! ,romans  
aga9/ ,k+ ,antio*us1 ,t4 ,sempronius    
,grac*us1 says ,livy3           ,p]     
dispositos equos prope incr$ibili       
cel]itate           ab ,amphissa t]tio  
die ,pellam p]v5it4       ,by           
pre-arrang$ relays ( horses1 he1 ) an   
almo/ incr$ible      spe$1 rode 9 ?ree  
days f ,amphissa to ,pella4             
--,livy1 xxxvii4 #g4  ,& x appe>s t !y 7
 e/abli%$ po/s1 & n horses purposely    

laid 9 ^u ?is occasion4  ,cec9a's       
inv5tion to s5d back news to 8 family 0 
mu* m quick1 = he took swall[s along )  
him f home1 & turn$ !m out t[>ds _! ne/s
 :5 he w\ld s5d back any news2 sett+ a  
m>k ( "s col\r ^u !m to signify 8 mean+1
 accord+ to :at he & 8 p _h be=e agre$  
^u4  ,at ! !atre at ,rome ma/]s (       
families c>ri$ pigeons 9 _! bosoms to   
:i* !y ti$ lett]s :5 !y _h a m9d to s5d 
any ord]s to _! p at home2 & ! pigeons 7
 tra9$ up to br+ back an answ]4  ,d4    
,brutus made use ( ! same device :5     
besieg$ 9 ,mod5a1 & o!rs else:]e h done 
! same4  ,9 ,p]u !y rode po/ ^u m51 :o  
took !m ^u _! %\ld]s 9 a c]ta9 k9d (    
litt]s made = t purpose1 & ran ) su*    
agility t1 9 _! full spe$1 ! fir/ c\ri]s
 transf]r$ _! load to ! second )\t mak+ 
any /op4  ,i und]/& t ! ,walla*ians1 !  
gr& ,signior's c\ri]s1 p]=m wond]ful    
j\rneys1 by reason !y h lib]ty to       
dism\nt ! fir/ p]son !y meet ^u ! road1 
giv+ him _! own tir$ horses2 & t to     
pres]ve !mselves f be+ we>y1 !y gird    

!mselves /raight ab\t ! middle ) a broad
 girdle2  b ,i c\ld nev] f9d any b5efit 
f ?is4     ,,*apt] ,,xxiii  ,,( ,,ill   
,,means ,,employ$ ,,to ,a ,,good ,,end  
,!re is wond]ful relation &             
correspond5ce 9 ?is univ]sal gov]nm5t ( 
! works ( nature1 :i* v well makes x    
appe> t x is nei!r accid5tal nor c>ri$  
on by div]s ma/]s4  ,! diseases &       
conditions ( our bodies are1 9 l mann]1 
manife/ 9 /ates & gov]nm5ts2 k+doms &   
republics are f\nd$1 fl\ri%1 & decay )  
age z we d4  ,we are subject to a       
repletion ( hum\rs1 useless & dang]\s3  
:e!r ( ^? t are good 7= ev5 ^? !        
physicians are afraid (2 & see+ we h    
no?+ 9 u t is /able1 !y say t a too     
brisk & vigor\s p]fection ( heal? mu/ be
 abat$ by art1 le/ our nature1 unable to
 re/ 9 any c]ta9 condition1 & n hav+    
:i!r to rise to m5d itself1 make too    
sudd5 & too disord]ly a retreat2 & !re=e
 prescribe wre/l]s to purge & ble$1 to  
qualify t sup]abundant heal?71 or else a
 repletion ( evil hum\rs1 :i* is !      

ord9>y cause ( sickness4  ,/ates are v  
(t5 sick ( ! l repletion1 & v>i\s sorts 
( purgations h commonly be5 appli$4 ,"s 
times a great multitude ( families are  
turn$ out to cle> ! c\ntry1 :o seek out 
new abodes else:]e & encroa* ^u o!rs4   
,aft] ?is mann] our anci5t ,franks came 
f ! remote/ "p ( ,g]many to seize ^u    
,gaul1 & to drive !nce ! fir/           
inhabitants2 s 0 t inf9ite deluge ( m5  
made up :o came into ,italy "u ! conduct
 ( ,br5nus & o!rs2 s ! ,go?s & ,v&als1 &
 also ! p :o n[ possess ,greece1 left _!
 native c\ntry to g settle else:]e1 :]e 
!y might h m room2 & !re are sc>ce two  
or ?ree little corn]s 9 ! _w t h n felt 
! effect ( su* removals4  ,! ,romans by 
?is means erect$ _! colonies2 =1 p]ceiv+
 _! city to gr[ immeasurably popul\s1 !y
 eas$ x ( ! mo/ unnecess>y p1 & s5t !m  
to inhabit & cultivate ! l&s conqu]$ by 
!m2 sometimes also !y purposely ma9ta9$ 
w>s ) "s ( _! enemies1 n only to keep _!
 own m5 9 action1 = fe> le/ idl5ess1 !  
"m ( corruption1 %\ld br+ ^u !m "s worse

 inconv5i5ce3                ,et patimur
 longae pacis mala2 saevior armis       
,luxuria incumbit4       ,& we suff] !  
ills ( a long peace2 luxury is m        
p]nici\s      ?an w>4--,juv5al1 vi4     
#bia4  b also to s]ve = a blood-lett+ to
 _! ,republic1 & a little to evaporate !
 too vehem5t heat ( _! y\?1 to prune &  
cle> ! bran*es f ! /ock too luxuriant 9 
wood2 & to ?is end x 0 t !y ma9ta9$ s   
long a w> ) ,c>?age4  ,9 ! treaty (     
,bretigny1 ,edw>d ,,iii41 k+ ( ,engl&1  
w\ld n1 9 ! g5]al peace he !n made ) our
 k+1 compreh5d ! controv]sy ab\t ! ,du*y
 ( ,brittany1 t he might h a place :]e9 
to dis*>ge himself ( 8 soldi]s1 & t !   
va/ numb] ( ,engli% he _h br\ght ov] to 
s]ve him 9 8 exp$ition "h might n return
 back into ,engl&4  ,& ?is also 0 "o    
reason :y our ,k+ ,philip cons5t$ to s5d
 8 son ,john ^u a =eign exp$ition1 t he 
might take along ) him a great numb] (  
hot "y m5 :o 7 !n 9 8 pay4  ,!re--are _m
 9 our times :o talk at ?is rate1 wi%+ t
 ?is hot emotion t is n[ among/ u might 

dis*>ge itself 9 "s neighb\r+ w>1 = fe> 
le/ all ! peccant hum\rs t n[ reign 9   
?is politic body ( ours may diffuse     
!mselves f>!r1 keep ! fev] /ill 9 !     
height1 & at la/ cause our total ru92 &1
 9 tru?1 a =eign is mu* m supportable   
?an a civil w>1 b ,i d n believe t ,god 
w fav\r s unju/ a design z to (f5d &    
qu>rel ) o!rs = our own advantage3      
,nil mihi tam valde placeat1 ,rhamnusia 
virgo1                ,quod tem]e       
invitis suscipiatur h]is4               
,rhamnusian virg91 let no?+ ev] s       
greatly please me :i* is      tak5 )\t  
ju/ice f ! unwill+ own]s                
--,catullus1 lxviii4 #gg4  ,& yet !     
weakness ( our condition (t5 pu%es u ^u 
! necessity ( mak+ use ( ill means to a 
good end4  ,lycurgus1 ! mo/ p]fect      
legislator t ev] 01 virtu\s & inv5t$ ?is
 v unju/ practice ( mak+ ! helots1 :o 7 
_! slaves1 drunk by =ce1 to ! end t !   
,sp>tans1 see+ !m s lo/ & buri$ 9 w9e1  
might abhor ! excess ( ?is vice4  ,& yet
 ^? 7 /ill m to blame :o ( old gave     

leave t crim9als1 to :at sort ( dea?    
soev] condemn$1 %\ld be cut up alive by 
! physicians1 t !y might make a true    
discov]y ( our inw>d p>ts1 & build _!   
art ^u great] c]ta9ty2 =1 if we mu/ run 
into excesses1 x is m excusable to d x =
 ! heal? ( ! s\l ?an t ( ! body2 z !    
,romans tra9$ up ! p to val\r & !       
contempt ( dang]s & dea? by ^? furi\s   
spectacles ( gladiators & f5c]s1 :o1    
hav+ to fight x out to ! la/1 cut1      
mangl$1 & kill$ "o ano!r 9 _! pres5ce3  
,quid vesani aliud sibi vult ars impia  
ludi1           ,quid mortes juv5um1    
quid sangu9e pa/a voluptas8       ,:at  
o!r end does ! impi\s art ( ! gladiators
 propose to      itself1 :at ! slaught] 
( "y m51 :at pleasure f$ )              
blood4--,prud5tius1 ,contra ,symma*um1  
ii4 #fdc4  & ?is cu/om cont9u$ till !   
,emp]or ,!odosius' "t3           ,arripe
 dilatam tua1 dux1 9 tempora famam1     
,quodque patris sup]e/1 successor laudis
 habeto           ,nullus 9 urbe cadat1 
cujus sit po5a voluptas4444             

,jam solis cont5ta f]is1 infamis ar5a   
,nulla cru5tatis homicidia ludat 9      
armis4       ,pr9ce1 take ! hon\rs      
delay$ = ?y reign1 & be successor       
to ?y fa!rs2 h5ce=? let none at ,rome be
 sla9 = sport4  ,let      bea/s' blood  
/a9 ! infam\s ar5a1 & no m homicides be 
!re act$4--,prud5tius1 ,contra          
,symma*um1 ii4 #fdc4  ,x 01 9 tru?1 a   
wond]ful example1 & ( great advantage = 
! tra9+ up ! p1 to see e day be=e _!    
eyes a hundr$2 two hundr$1 nay1 a ?\s&  
c\ples ( m5 arm$ aga9/ "o ano!r1 cut "o 
ano!r to pieces ) s great a con/ancy (  
c\rage1 t !y 7 nev] he>d to utt] s mu* z
 "o syllable ( weakness or commis]ation2
 nev] se5 to turn _! backs1 nor s mu* z 
to make "o c[>dly /ep to evade a bl[1 b 
r expos$ _! necks to ! adv]s>y's sword &
 pres5t$ !mselves to receive ! /roke2 & 
_m ( !m1 :5 w\nd$ to dea?1 h s5t to ask 
! spectators if !y 7 satisfi$ ) _!      
behavi\r1 be=e !y lay d[n to die ^u !   
place4  ,x 0 n en\gh = !m to fight & to 
die bravely1 b *e]fully too2 insomu* t  

!y 7 hiss$ & curs$ if !y made any       
hesitation ab\t receiv+ _! dea?4  ,! v  
girls !mselves set !m on3               
,consurgit ad ictus1                ,et1
 quoties victor f]rum jugulo ins]it1    
illa                ,delicias ait esse  
suas1 pectusque jac5tis                 
,virgo mode/a jubet conv]so pollice     
rumpi4       ,! mode/ virg9 is s        
delight$ ) ! sport1 t %e      applauds !
 bl[1 & :5 ! victor ba!s 8 sword 9 8    
fell['s ?roat1 %e says x is h] pleasure1
 & ) turn$ ?umb      ord]s him to rip up
 ! bosom ( ! pro/rate victim4           
--,prud5tius1 ,contra ,symma*um1 ii4    
#fag4  ,! fir/ ,romans only condemn$    
crim9als to ?is example3 b !y aft]w>ds  
employ$ innoc5t slaves 9 ! "w1 & ev5    
freem5 too1 :o sold !mselves to ?is     
purpose1 nay1 moreov]1 s5ators & knights
 ( ,rome1 & also wom53           ,nunc  
caput 9 mortem v5dunt1 et funus ar5a1   
,atque ho/em sibi quisque p>at1 cum     
bella quiescunt4       ,!y sell !mselves
 to dea? & ! circus1 &1 s9ce ! w>s      

are ceas$1 ea* = himself a foe prep>es4 
--,manilius1 ,a/ron41 iv4 #bbe4         
,hos int] fremitus novosque lusus4444   
,/at sexus rudis insciusque f]ri1       
,et pugnas capit improbus viriles2      
,amid/ ^! tumults & new sports1 ! t5d]  
sex1 unskill$ 9      arms1 immode/ly    
engag$ 9 manly fights4      --,/atius1  
,sylv41 i4 #f1 #ea4  :i* ,i %\ld ?9k    
/range & incr$ible1 if we 7 n accu/om$ e
 day to see 9 our own w>s _m ?\s&s ( m5 
( o!r nations1 = money to /ake _! blood 
& _! lives 9 qu>rels :]e9 !y h no mann] 
( conc]n4     ,,*apt] ,,xxiv  ,,( ,,!   
,,roman ,,gr&eur  ,i w only say a ^w or 
two ( ?is inf9ite argum5t1 to %[ !      
simplicity ( ^? :o comp>e ! pitiful     
greatness ( ^! times ) t ( ,rome4  ,9 ! 
sev5? book ( ,cic]o's ,famili> ,epi/les 
7& let ! gramm>ians put out t surname ( 
famili> if !y please1 = 9 tru? x is n v 
suitable2 & !y :o1 in/ead ( famili>1 h  
sub/itut$ ad ,famili>es1 may ga!r some?+
 to ju/ify !m = s do+ out ( :at         
,suetonius says 9 ! ,life ( ,caes>1 t   

!re 0 a volume ( lett]s ( 8 ad          
,famili>es 7 !re is "o direct$ to       
,caes>1 !n 9 ,gaul1 :]e9 ,cic]o repeats 
^! words1 :i* 7 9 ! end ( ano!r lett] t 
,caes> _h writt5 to him3 ,z to :at      
conc]ns ,m>cus ,furius1 :om y h         
recomm5d$ to me1 ,i w make him k+ (     
,gaul1 & if y w\ld h me advance any o!r 
fri5d ( y\rs s5d him to me4  ,x 0 no new
 ?+ = a simple citiz5 ( ,rome1 z ,caes> 
!n 01 to dispose ( k+doms1 = he took    
away t ( ,k+ ,deiot>us f him to give x  
to a g5tleman ( ! city ( ,p]gamus1 call$
 ,mi?ridates2 & !y :o wrote 8 ,life     
record sev]al cities sold by him2 &     
,suetonius says1 t he _h once f ,k+     
,ptolemy ?ree millions & six hundr$ ?\s&
 cr[ns1 :i* 0 v l sell+ him 8 own k+dom3
            ,tot ,galatae1 tot ,pontus1 
tot ,lydia1 nummis4            ,s mu* = 
,galatia1 s mu* = ,pontus1           s  
mu* = ,lydia4--,claudius 9 ,eutrop41 i4 
#bjc4  ,m>cus ,antonius said1 t !       
greatness ( ! p ( ,rome 0 n s mu* se5 9 
:at !y took1 z 9 :at !y gave2 &1 inde$1 

"s ages be=e ,antonius1 !y _h de?ron$ "o
 among/ ! re/ ) s wond]ful au?ority1 t 9
 all ! ,roman hi/ory ,i h n obs]v$ any?+
 t m d5otes ! height ( _! p[]4          
,antio*us possess$ all ,egypt1 & 01     
moreov]1 ready to conqu] ,cyprus & o!r  
app5dages ( t empire3 :5 be+ ^u !       
progress ( 8 victories1 ,c4 ,popilius   
came to him f ! ,s5ate1 & at _! fir/    
meet+ refus$ to take him by ! h&1 till  
he _h fir/ read 8 lett]s1 :i* aft] ! k+ 
_h read1 & told him he w\ld consid] (   
!m1 ,popilius made a circle ab\t him ) 8
 cane1 say+3--,return me an answ]1 t ,i 
may c>ry x back to ! ,s5ate1 be=e ?\    
/irre/ out ( ?is circle4   ,antio*us1   
a/oni%$ at ! r\ghness ( s positive a    
comm&1 aft] a little pause1 repli$1 ,i w
 obey ! ,s5ate's comm&4  ,!n ,popilius  
salut$ him z fri5d ( ! ,roman p4 ,to h  
r5\nc$ claim to s great a mon>*y1 & a   
c\rse ( su* successful =tune1 f !       
effects ( ?ree l9es 9 writ+6  ,truly he 
_h reason1 z he aft]w>ds did1 to s5d !  
,s5ate ^w by 8 ambassadors1 t he _h     

receiv$ _! ord] ) ! same respect z if x 
_h come f ! immortal gods4  ,all !      
k+doms t ,augu/us ga9$ by ! "r ( w>1 he 
ei!r re/or$ to ^? :o _h lo/ !m or       
pres5t$ !m to /rang]s4  ,& ,tacitus1 9  
ref]5ce to ?is1 speak+ ( ,cogidunus1 k+ 
( ,engl&1 gives u1 by a m>vell\s t\*1 an
 in/ance ( t inf9ite p[]3 ! ,romans1    
says he1 7 f all antiquity accu/om$ to  
leave ! k+s !y _h subdu$ 9 possession ( 
_! k+doms "u _! au?ority4            ,ut
 hab]5t in/rum5ts s]vitutis et reges4   
,t !y might h ev5 k+s to be _! slaves4  
--,livy1 xlv4 #ac4  ',tis probable t    
,solyman1 :om we h se5 make a gift (    
,hung>y & o!r pr9cipalities1 _h !re9 m  
respect to ?is consid]ation ?an to t he 
0 wont to allege1 viz41 t he 0 glutt$ & 
ov]*>g$ ) s _m mon>*ies & s mu* dom9ion1
 z 8 own val\r & t ( 8 ance/ors _h      
acquir$4     ,,*apt] ,,xxv  ,,n ,,to    
,,c\nt]feit ,,be+ ,,sick  ,!re is an    
epigram 9 ,m>tial1 & "o ( ! v good      
ones--= he has ( all sorts--:]e he      
pleasantly tells ! /ory ( ,caelius1 :o1 

to avoid mak+ 8 c\rt to "s great m5 (   
,rome1 to wait _! ris+1 & to att5d !m   
abroad1 pret5d$ to h ! g\t2 & ! bett] to
 col\r ?is ano9t$ 8 legs1 & _h !m lapp$ 
up 9 a great _m swa?+s1 & p]fectly      
c\nt]feit$ bo? ! ge/ure & c\nt5ance ( a 
g\ty p]son2 till 9 ! end1 ,=tune did him
 ! k9dness to make him "o inde$3        
,quantum curs pote/ et ars doloris      
,desiit f+]e ,caelius podagram4         
,h[ great is ! p[] ( c\nt]feit+ pa93    
,caelius has ceas$      to feign ! g\t2 
he has got x4--,m>tial1 ,ep41 vii4 #ci1 
#h4  ,i ?9k ,i h read some:]e 9 ,appian 
a /ory l ?is1 ( "o :o to escape !       
proscriptions ( ! triumvirs ( ,rome1 & !
 bett] to be conceal$ f ! discov]y ( ^? 
:o pursu$ him1 hav+ hidd5 himself 9 a   
disguise1 w\ld yet add ?is inv5tion1 to 
c\nt]feit hav+ b "o eye2 b :5 he came to
 h a little m lib]ty1 & w5t to take (f !
 pla/] he _h a great :ile worn ov] 8    
eye1 he f\nd he _h totally lo/ ! sight (
 x inde$1 & t x 0 absolutely gone4      
',tis possible t ! action ( sight 0     

dull$ f hav+ be5 s long )\t ex]cise1 & t
 ! optic p[] 0 :olly retir$ into ! o!r  
eye3 = we evid5tly p]ceive t ! eye we   
keep %ut s5ds "s "p ( its virtue to its 
fell[1 s t x w swell & gr[ bigg]2 & s   
inaction1 ) ! heat ( ligatures &1       
pla/]s1 might v well h br\ght "s g\ty   
hum\r ^u ! c\nt]feit] 9 ,m>tial4  ,read+
 9 ,froiss>t ! v[ ( a troop ( "y ,engli%
 g5tlem51 to keep _! left eyes b\nd up  
till !y _h arriv$ 9 ,france & p]=m$ "s  
notable exploit ^u u1 ,i h (t5 be5      
tickl$ ) ?is ?\ght1 t x might h befall5 
!m z x did ^? o!rs1 & !y might h return$
 ) b an eye a-piece to _! mi/resses1 =  
^: sakes !y _h made ?is ridicul\s v[4   
,mo!rs h reason to rebuke _! *ildr5 :5  
!y c\nt]feit hav+ b "o eye1 squ9t+1     
lam5ess1 or any o!r p]sonal defect2 =1  
besides t _! bodies be+ !n s t5d]1 may  
be subject to take an ill b5t1 =tune1 ,i
 "k n h[1 sometimes seems to delight 9  
tak+ u at our ^w2 & ,i h he>d sev]al    
examples relat$ ( p :o h become really  
sick1 by only feign+ to be s4  ,i h     

always us$1 :e!r on horseback or on     
foot1 to c>ry a /ick 9 my h&1 & ev5 to  
affect do+ x ) an elegant air2 _m h     
?reat5$ t ?is fancy w\ld "o day be turn$
 into necessity3 if s1 ,i %\ld be ! fir/
 ( my family to h ! g\t4  ,b let u a    
little l5g!n ?is *apt]1 & add ano!r     
anecdote conc]n+ bl9dness4  ,pl9y       
reports ( "o :o1 dream+ he 0 bl9d1 f\nd 
himself s inde$ 9 ! morn+ )\t any prec$+
 infirmity 9 8 eyes4  ,! =ce (          
imag9ation might assi/ 9 ?is case1 z ,i 
h said else:]e1 & ,pl9y seems to be ( ! 
same op9ion2 b x is m likely t ! motions
 :i* ! body felt )91 ( :i* physicians1  
if !y please1 may f9d out ! cause1 tak+ 
away 8 sight1 7 ! occasion ( 8 dream4   
,let u add ano!r /ory1 n v improp] = ?is
 subject1 :i* ,s5eca relates 9 "o ( 8   
epi/les3 ,y "k1 says he1 writ+ to       
,lucilius1 t ,h>pa/e1 my wife's fool1 is
 ?r[n ^u me z an h]$it>y *>ge1 = ,i h   
naturally an av]sion to ^? mon/]s2 & if 
,i h a m9d to laugh at a fool1 ,i ne$ n 
seek him f>2 ,i c laugh at myself4  ,?is

 fool has sudd5ly lo/ h] sight3 ,i tell 
y a /range1 b a v true ?+ %e is n       
s5sible t %e is bl9d1 b et]nally        
importunes h] keep] to take h] abroad1  
because %e says ! h\se is d>k4  ,t :at  
we laugh at 9 h]1 ,i pray y to believe1 
happ5s to e "o ( u3 no "o kn[s himself  
to be av>ici\s or grasp+2 &1 aga91 !    
bl9d call = a guide1 :ile we /ray ( our 
own accord4  ,i am n ambiti\s1 we say2 b
 a man _c live o!rwise at ,rome2 ,i am n
 wa/eful1 b ! city requires a great     
outlay2 'tis n my fault if ,i am        
*ol]ic--if ,i h n yet e/abli%$ any c]ta9
 c\rse ( life3 'tis ! fault ( y\?4  ,let
 u n seek our disease out ( ourselves2  
'tis 9 u1 & plant$ 9 our b[els2 & ! m]e 
fact t we d n p]ceive ourselves to be   
sick1 r5d]s u m h>d to be cur$4  ,if we 
d n betimes beg9 to see to ourselves1 :5
 %all we h provid$ = s _m w\nds & evils 
:]e) we ab\nd8  ,& yet we h a mo/ sweet 
& *>m+ m$ic9e 9 philosophy2 = ( all !   
re/ we are s5sible ( no pleasure till   
aft] ! cure3 ?is pleases & heals at     

once4  ,?is is :at ,s5eca says1 t has   
c>ri$ me f my subject1 b !re is         
advantage 9 ! *ange4     ,,*apt] ,,xxvi 
,,( ,,?umbs  ,tacitus reports1 t among/ 
c]ta9 b>b>ian k+s _! mann] 01 :5 !y w\ld
 make a firm obligation1 to jo9 _! "r   
h&s close to "o ano!r1 & int]twi/ _!    
?umbs2 & :51 by =ce ( /ra9+ ! blood1 x  
appe>$ 9 ! ends1 !y lightly prick$ !m ) 
"s %>p in/rum5t1 & mutually suck$ !m4   
,physicians say t ! ?umbs are ! ma/]    
f+]s ( ! h&1 & t _! ,lat9 etymology is  
d]iv$ f poll]e4 ,! ,greeks call$ !m     
',avtixeip'1 z :o %\ld say1 ano!r h&4   
,& x seems t ! ,lat9s also sometimes    
take x 9 ?is s5se = ! :ole h&3          
,s$ nec vocibus excitata bl&is1         
,molli pollici nec rogata1 surgit4      
,nei!r to be excit$ by s(t words or by !
 ?umb4           --,m>t41 xii4 #ih1 #h4 
,x 0 at ,rome a signification ( fav\r to
 depress & turn 9 ! ?umbs3              
,fautor utroque tuum laudabit pollice   
ludum3            ,?y patron w applaud  
?y sport ) bo? ?umbs                    

--,horace4  & ( disfav\r to elevate &   
?ru/ !m outw>d3                         
,conv]so pollice vulgi1                 
,quemlibet occidunt popul>it]4          
,! populace1 ) inv]t$ ?umbs1 kill all t 
come be=e !m4--,juv5al1 iii4 #cf  ,!    
,romans exempt$ f w> all su* z 7 maim$ 9
 ! ?umbs1 z hav+ no m suffici5t /r5g? to
 hold _! weapons4  ,augu/us confiscat$ !
 e/ate ( a ,roman knight :o _h          
malici\sly cut (f ! ?umbs ( two "y      
*ildr5 he _h1 to excuse !m f go+ into ! 
armies2 &1 be=e him1 ! ,s5ate1 9 ! "t ( 
! ,italic w>1 _h condemn$ ,caius        
,vati5us to p]petual imprisonm5t1 &     
confiscat$ all 8 goods1 = hav+ purposely
 cut (f ! ?umb ( 8 left h&1 to exempt   
himself f t exp$ition4  ,"s "o1 ,i h    
=gott5 :o1 hav+ won a naval battle1 cut 
(f ! ?umbs ( all 8 vanqui%$ enemies1 to 
r5d] !m incapable ( fight+ & ( h&l+ !   
o>4 ,! ,a!nians also caus$ ! ?umbs ( !  
,a,eginatans to be cut (f1 to deprive !m
 ( ! sup]iority 9 ! art ( navigation4   
,9 ,lac$aemon1 p$agogues *a/is$ _!      

s*ol>s by bit+ _! ?umbs4     ,,*apt]    
,,xxvii  ,,c[>dice ,,! ,,"m ,,(         
,,cruelty  ,i h (t5 he>d x said t       
c[>dice is ! "m ( cruelty2 & ,i h f\nd  
by exp]i5ce t malici\s & inhuman        
animosity & fi]c5ess are usually        
accompani$ ) fem99e weakness4  ,i h se5 
! mo/ cruel p1 & ^u frivol\s occasions1 
apt to cry4 ,alex&]1 ! tyrant ( ,ph]es1 
dur/ n be a spectator ( trag$ies 9 !    
!atre1 = fe> le/ 8 citiz5s %\ld see him 
weep at ! mis=tunes ( ,hecuba &         
,&roma*e1 :o himself )\t pity caus$ s _m
 p e day to be murd]$4  ,is x n meanness
 ( _s t r5d]s !m s pliable to all       
extremities8  ,val\r1 ^: effect is only 
to be ex]cis$ aga9/ resi/ance--         
,nec nisi bellantis gaudet c]vice       
juv5ci--            ,nor delights 9     
kill+ a bull unless he resi/s4          
--,claudius1 ,ep4 ad ,hadrianum1 v4 #ci4
  /ops :5 x sees ! enemy at its m]cy2 b 
pusillanimity1 to say t x 0 also 9 !    
game1 n hav+ d>$ to m$dle 9 ! fir/ act (
 dang]1 takes z its "p ! second1 ( blood

 & massacre4  ,! murd]s 9 victories are 
commonly p]=m$ by ! rascality &         
hang]s-on ( an army1 & t :i* causes s _m
 unhe>d ( cruelties 9 dome/ic w>s is1 t 
?is canaille makes w> 9 imbru+ itself up
 to ! elb[s 9 blood1 & ripp+ up a body t
 lies pro/rate at its feet1 hav+ no s5se
 ( any o!r val\r3           ,et lupus1  
et turpes in/ant mori5tibus ursi1       
,et quaecunque m9or nobilitate f]a e/3  
,wolves & ! fil?y be>s1 & all ! bas]    
bea/s1      fall ^u ! dy+4--,ovid1      
,tri/41 iii4 #e1 #ce4  l c[>dly dogs1 t 
9 ! h\se worry & te> ! sk9s ( wild      
bea/s1 !y dur/ n come ne> 9 ! field4    
,:at is x 9 ^! times ( ours t makes our 
qu>rels mortal2 & t1 :]eas our fa!rs _h 
"s degrees ( rev5ge1 we n[ beg9 ) ! la/ 
9 ours1 & at ! fir/ meet+ no?+ is to be 
said b1 kill8  ,:at is ?is b c[>dice8   
,e "o is s5sible t !re is m brav]y &    
disda9 9 subdu+ an enemy1 ?an 9 cutt+1 8
 ?roat2 & 9 mak+ him yield1 ?an 9 putt+ 
him to ! sword3 besides t ! appetite (  
rev5ge is bett] satisfi$ & pleas$       

because its only aim is to make itself  
felt3 ,& ?is is ! reason :y we d n fall 
^u a bea/ or a /one :5 !y hurt u1       
because !y are n capable ( be+ s5sible (
 our rev5ge2 & to kill a man is to save 
him f ! injury & (f5ce we int5d him4  ,&
 z ,bias cri$ out to a wick$ fell[1 ,i  
"k t soon] or lat] ?\ wilt h ?y rew>d1 b
 ,i am afraid ,i %all n see x2          
--,plut>*1 on ! ,delay 9 ,div9e ,ju/ice1
 c4 #b4--;& piti$ ! ,or*om5ians t !     
p5it5ce ( ,lyciscus = ! treason committ$
 aga9/ !m1 came at a season :5 !re 0 no 
"o rema9+ alive ( ^? :o _h be5 int]e/$ 9
 ! (f5ce1 & :om ! pleasure ( ?is p5it5ce
 %\ld affect3 s rev5ge is to be piti$1  
:5 ! p]son on :om x is execut$ is       
depriv$ ( means ( suff]+ "u x3 = z !    
av5g] w look on to enjoy ! pleasure ( 8 
rev5ge1 s ! p]son on :om he takes rev5ge
 %\ld be a spectator too1 to be afflict$
 & to rep5t4  ,he w rep5t x1 we say1 &  
because we h giv5 him a pi/ol-%ot ?r\gh 
! head1 d we imag9e he w rep5t8  ,on !  
contr>y1 if we b obs]ve1 we %all f9d1 t 

he makes m\?s at u 9 fall+1 & is s f> f 
p5it5cy1 t he does n s mu* z rep9e at u2
 & we d him ! k9de/ (fice ( life1 :i* is
 to make him die ins5sibly1 & soon3 we  
are aft]w>ds to hide ourselves1 & to    
%ift & fly f ! (fic]s ( ju/ice1 :o      
pursue u1 :il/ he is at re/4  ,kill+ is 
good to fru/rate an (f5ce to come1 n to 
rev5ge "o t is already pa/2 & m an act (
 fe> ?an ( brav]y2 ( precaution ?an (   
c\rage2 ( def5ce ?an ( ent]prise4  ,x is
 manife/ t by x we lose bo? ! true end (
 rev5ge & ! c>e ( our reputation2 we are
 afraid1 if he lives he w d u ano!r     
injury z great z ! fir/2 'tis n out (   
animosity to him1 b c>e ( ?yself1 t ?\  
gette/ rid ( him4  ,9 ! k+dom ( ,n>s+ah 
?is exp$i5t w\ld be useless to u1 :]e n 
only soldi]s1 b tradesm5 also1 end _!   
diff]5ces by ! sword4  ,! k+ nev] d5ies 
! field to any :o wi% to fight2 & :5 !y 
are p]sons ( quality2 he looks on1      
rew>d+ ! victor ) a *a9 ( gold1--= :i*  
any "o :o pleases may fight ) him aga91 
s t1 by hav+ come (f f "o combat1 he has

 engag$ himself 9 _m4  ,if we ?\ght by  
virtue to be always ma/]s ( our enemies1
 & to triumph ov] !m at pleasure1 we    
%\ld be sorry !y %\ld escape f u z !y d1
 by dy+3 b we h a m9d to conqu]1 m )    
safety ?an hon\r1 &1 9 our qu>rel1 m    
pursue ! end ?an ! glory4  ,asnius      
,pollio1 :o1 z be+ a wor?y man1 0 ! less
 to be excus$1 committ$ a l1 error1 :51 
hav+ writt5 a libel aga9/ ,plancus1 he  
=bore to publi% x till he 0 dead2 :i* is
 to bite "o's ?umb at a bl9d man1 to    
rail at "o :o is deaf1 to w\nd a man :o 
has no feel+1 r ?an to run ! haz>d ( 8  
res5tm5t4  ,& x 0 also said ( him t x 0 
only = hobgobl9s to wre/le ) ! dead4    
,he :o /ays to see ! au?or die1 ^:      
writ+s he int5ds to "q1 :at does he say 
b t he is weak 9 8 aggressiv5ess8 ,x 0  
told to ,ari/otle t "s "o _h spok5 ill (
 him3 ,let him d m1 said he2 let him :ip
 me too1 provid$ ,i am n !re4  ,our     
fa!rs cont5t$ !mselves ) rev5g+ an      
insult ) ! lie1 ! lie ) a box ( ! e>1 & 
s =w>d2 !y 7 valiant en\gh n to fe> _!  

adv]s>ies1 liv+ & provok$ we tremble =  
fe> s soon z we see !m on foot4  ,& t   
?is is s1 does n our noble practice ( ^!
 days1 equally to prosecute to dea? bo? 
him t has (f5d$ u & him we h (f5d$1 make
 x out8  ',tis also a k9d ( c[>dice t   
has introduc$ ! cu/om ( hav+ seconds1   
?irds1 & f\r?s 9 our duels2 !y 7 =m]ly  
duels2 !y are n[ skirmi%es1 r5contres1 &
 battles4  ,solitude 01 d\btless1       
t]rible to ^? :o 7 ! fir/ inv5tors ( ?is
 practice3                 ,quum 9 se   
cuique m9imum fiduciae esset1  =        
naturally any company :atev] is         
consolatory 9 dang]4  ,?ird p]sons 7    
=m]ly call$ 9 to prev5t disord] & f\l   
play only1 & to be witness ( ! =tune ( !
 combat2 b n[ !y h br\ght x to ?is pass 
t ! witnesses !mselves engage2 :oev] is 
invit$ _c h&somely /& by z an idle      
spectator1 = fe> ( be+ suspect$ ei!r (  
want ( affection or ( c\rage4  ,besides 
! inju/ice & unwor?9ess ( su* an action1
 ( engag+ o!r /r5g? & val\r 9 !         
protection ( y\r hon\r ?an y\r own1 ,i  

conceive x a disadvantage to a brave    
man1 & :o :olly relies ^u himself1 to   
%uffle 8 =tune ) t ( a second2 e "o runs
 haz>d en\gh himself )\t haz>d+ = ano!r1
 & has en\gh to d to assure himself 9 8 
own val\r = ! def5ce ( 8 life1 )\t      
intru/+ a ?+ s de> 9 a ?ird man's h&4   
,=1 if x be n expressly agre$ ^u be=e to
 ! contr>y1 'tis a comb9$ p>ty ( all    
f\r1 & if y\r second be kill$1 y h two  
to deal )al1 ) good reason2 & to say t x
 is f\l play1 x is s inde$1 z x is1 well
 arm$1 to attack a man :o has b ! hilt (
 a brok5 sword 9 8 h&1 or1 cle> &       
unt\*$1 a man :o is desp]ately w\nd$3 b 
if ^! be advantages y h got by fight+1 y
 may make use ( !m )\t reproa*4  ,!     
disp>ity & inequality are only weigh$ & 
consid]$ f ! condition ( ! combatants :5
 !y began2 z to ! re/1 y mu/ take y\r   
*ance3 & ?\gh y _h1 alone1 ?ree enemies 
^u y at once1 y\r two companions be+    
kill$1 y h no m wrong done y1 ?an ,i    
%\ld d 9 a battle1 by runn+ a man ?r\gh 
:om ,i %\ld see engag$ ) "o ( our own   

m51 ) ! l advantage4  ,! nature (       
society w h x s t :]e !re is troop aga9/
 troop1 z :]e our ,duke ( ,orleans      
*all5g$ ,h5ry1 k+ ( ,engl&1 a hundr$    
aga9/ a hundr$2 ?ree hundr$ aga9/ z _m1 
z ! ,argians aga9/ ! ,lac$aemonians2    
?ree to ?ree1 z ! ,horatii aga9/ !      
,curiatii1 ! multitude on ei!r side is  
consid]$ b z "o s+le man3 ! haz>d1 :]ev]
 !re is company1 be+ confus$ & mix$4  ,i
 h a dome/ic int]e/ 9 ?is disc\rse2 = my
 bro!r1 ! ,sieur de ,mattec\lom1 0 at   
,rome ask$ by a g5tleman ) :om he _h no 
great acqua9tance1 & :o 0 a def5dant    
*all5g$ by ano!r1 to be 8 second2 9 ?is 
duel he f\nd himself mat*$ ) a g5tleman 
mu* bett] kn[n to him4  7,i w\ld fa9 h  
an explanation ( ^! rules ( hon\r1 :i* s
 (t5 %ock & conf\nd ^? ( reason47  ,aft]
 hav+ despat*$ 8 man1 see+ ! two        
pr9cipals /ill on foot & s\nd1 he ran 9 
to dis5gage 8 fri5d4  ,:at c\ld he d    
less8 %\ld he h /ood /ill1 & if *ance   
w\ld h ord]$ x s1 h se5 him he 0 come   
?i!r to def5d kill$ be=e 8 face8 :at he 

_h hi!rto done help$ n ! bus9ess2 !     
qu>rel 0 yet undecid$4  ,! c\rtesy t y  
c1 & c]ta9ly ought to %ew to y\r enemy1 
:5 y h r$uc$ him to an ill condition & h
 a great advantage ov] him1 ,i d n see  
h[ y c d x1 :]e ! int]e/ ( ano!r is     
conc]n$1 :]e y are only call$ 9 z an    
assi/ant1 & ! qu>rel is none ( y\rs3 he 
c\ld nei!r be j nor c\rte\s1 at ! haz>d 
( him he 0 !re to s]ve4  ,& he 0 !re=e  
enl>g$ f ! prisons ( ,italy at ! spe$y &
 solemn reque/ ( our k+4  ,indiscreet   
nation6 we are n cont5t to make our     
vices & follies kn[n to ! _w by report  
only1 b we mu/ g into =eign c\ntries1   
!re to %[ !m :at fools we are4  ,put    
?ree ,fr5*m5 into ! des]ts ( ,libya1 !y 
w n live a mon? toge!r )\t fight+2 s t y
 w\ld say ?is p]egr9ation 7 a ?+        
purposely design$ to give =eign]s !     
pleasure ( our trag$ies1 &1 = ! mo/ "p1 
to su* z rejoice & laugh at our mis]ies4
  ,we g into ,italy to le>n to f5ce1 &  
ex]cise ! art at ! exp5se ( our lives   
be=e we h le>n$ x2 & yet1 by ! rule (   

discipl9e1 we %\ld put ! !ory be=e !    
practice4 ,we discov] ourselves to be b 
le>n]s3                ,primitae juv5um 
mis]ae1 bellique futuri                 
,dura rudim5ta4       ,wret*$ ! elem5t>y
 trials ( y\?1 & h>d !      rudim5ts (  
approa*+ w>4--,virgil1 ,a,eneid1 xi4    
#aef4  ,i "k t f5c+ is an art v useful  
to its end 79 a duel betwixt two pr9ces1
 c\s9-g]mans1 9 ,spa91 ! eld]1 says     
,livy1 by 8 skill & dext]ity 9 arms1    
easily ov]com+ ! great] & m awkw>d /r5g?
 ( ! y\ng]71 & ( :i* ! k1 z ,i          
exp]im5tally "k1 has inspir$ "s ) c\rage
 above _! natural measure2 b ?is is n   
prop]ly val\r1 because x supports itself
 ^u address1 & is f\nd$ ^u some?+       
besides itself4  ,! hon\r ( combat      
consi/s 9 ! jeal\sy ( c\rage1 & n (     
skill2 & !re=e ,i h kn[n a fri5d ( m9e1 
fam$ z a great ma/] 9 ?is ex]cise1 9 8  
qu>rels make *oice ( su* arms z might   
deprive him ( ?is advantage & t :olly   
dep5d$ ^u =tune & assurance1 t !y might 
n attribute 8 victory r to 8 skill 9    

f5c+ ?an 8 val\r4 ,:5 ,i 0 "y1 g5tlem5  
avoid$ ! reputation ( good f5c]s z      
injuri\s to !m1 & le>n$ to f5ce ) all   
imag9able privacy z a trade ( subtlety1 
d]ogat+ f true & natural val\r3         
,non s*iv> non p>>1 non ritir>si1       
,voglion co/or1 ne qui de/rezza ha p>te2
                ,non danno i colpi or   
f9ti1 or pi5i1 or sc>si6                
,toglie l'ira a il furor l'uso de       
l'arte4                ,odi le spade    
orribilm5te ut>si                ,a     
mezzo il f]ro2 il pie d'orma non p>te1  
,sempre a il pie f]mo1 a la man sempre 9
 moto2                ,ne sc5de taglio 9
 van1 ne punta a voto4            ,!y   
nei!r %rank1 nor vantage s\ght ( gr\nd1 
,!y trav]s'd n1 nor skipt f "p to "p1   
,_! bl[s 7 nei!r false1 nor feign$ f\nd3
           ,9 fight1 _! rage w\ld let !m
 use no art4           ,_! swords toge!r
 cla% ) dreadful s\nd1           ,_!    
feet /& fa/1 & nei!r /ir nor />t1       
,!y move _! h&s1 /eadfa/ _! feet rema94 
,nor bl[ nor fo9 !y /rook1 or ?ru/ 9    

va94           --,tasso1 ,gi]us4  ,lib41
 c4 #ab1 /4 #ee1 ,fairfax's translation4
  ,butts1 tilt+1 & b>ri]s1 ! fe9t (     
w>like fights1 7 ! ex]cises ( our       
=efa!rs3 ?is o!r ex]cise is s mu* ! less
 noble1 z x only respects a private end2
 t tea*es u to de/roy "o ano!r aga9/ law
 & ju/ice1 & t e way always produces v  
ill effects4  ,x is mu* m wor?y & m     
becom+ to ex]cise ourselves 9 ?+s t     
/r5g!n ?an t weak5 our gov]nm5t & t t5d 
to ! public safety & common glory4  ,!  
consul1 ,publius ,rutilius1  0 ! fir/ :o
 taught ! soldi]s to h&le _! arms )     
skill1 & jo9$ art ) val\r1 n = ! rise ( 
private qu>rel1 b = w> & ! qu>rels ( ! p
 ( ,rome2 a popul> & civil def5ce4  ,&  
besides ! example ( ,caes>1  :o comm&$ 8
 m5 to %oot *iefly at ! face ( ,pompey's
 soldi]s 9 ! battle ( ,ph>salia1 a ?\s& 
o!r comm&]s h also be?\ght !m to inv5t  
new =ms ( weapons & new ways ( /rik+ &  
def5d+1 accord+ z occasion %\ld require4
  ,b z ,philopoem5 condemn$ wre/l+1 :]e9
 he excell$1 because ! prep>atives t 7  

!re9 employ$ 7 diff]+ f ^? t app]ta9 to 
milit>y discipl9e1 to :i* alone he      
conceiv$ m5 ( hon\r ought :olly to apply
 !mselves2 s x seems to me t ?is address
 to :i* we =m our limbs1 ^? wri?+s &    
motions "y m5 are taught 9 ?is new      
s*ool1 are n only ( no use1 b r contr>y 
& hurtful to ! practice ( fight 9       
battle2 & also our p commonly make use (
 p>ticul> weapons1 & peculi>ly design$ =
 duel2 & ,i h se51 :5 x has be5         
disapprov$1 t a g5tleman *all5g$ to     
fight ) rapi] & poign>d appe>$ 9 ! array
 ( a man-at-arms1 & t ano!r %\ld take 8 
cloak in/ead ( 8 poign>d4  ,x is wor?y (
 consid]ation t ,la*es 9 ,plato1 speak+ 
( le>n+ to f5ce aft] our mann]1 says t  
he nev] knew any great soldi] come out (
 t s*ool1 especially ! ma/]s ( x3 &1    
inde$1 z to !m1 our exp]i5ce tells z    
mu*4  ,z to ! re/1 we may at lea/       
conclude t !y are qualities ( no        
relation or correspond5ce2 & 9 !        
education ( ! *ildr5 ( 8 gov]nm5t1      
,plato int]dicts ! art ( box+1 introduc$

 by ,amycus & ,epeius1 & t ( wre/l+1 by 
,antaeus & ,c]cyo1 because !y h ano!r   
end ?an to r5d] y\? fit = ! s]vice ( w> 
& contribute no?+ to x4  ,b ,i see t ,i 
h some:at /ray$ f my !me4  ,! ,emp]or   
,mauricius1 be+ adv]tis$ by dreams &    
sev]al progno/ics1 t "o ,phocas1 an     
obscure soldi]1 %\ld kill him1 que/ion$ 
8 son-9-law1 ,philip1 :o ?is ,phocas 01 
& :at 7 8 nature1 qualities1 & mann]s2 &
 s soon z ,philip1 among/ o!r ?+s1 _h   
told him t he 0 c[>dly & timor\s1 !     
emp]or imm$iately conclud$ !n t he 0 a  
murd]] & cruel4  ,:at is x t makes      
tyrants s sangu9>y8  ',tis only !       
solicitude = _! own safety1 & t _! fa9t 
he>ts c furni% !m ) no o!r means (      
secur+ !mselves ?an 9 ext]m9at+ ^? :o   
may hurt !m1 ev5 s mu* z wom51 = fe> ( a
 scrat*3                 ,cuncta f]it1  
dum cuncta tim]4                 ,he    
/rikes at all :o fe>s all4              
--,claudius1 9 ,eutrop41 i4 #ahb4  ,!   
fir/ cruelties are ex]cis$ = !mselves   
!nce spr+s ! fe> ( a j rev5ge1 :i*      

aft]w>ds produces a s]ies ( new         
cruelties1 to oblit]ate "o ano!r4       
,philip1 k+ ( ,mac$on1 :o _h s mu* to d 
) ! p ( ,rome1 agitat$ ) ! horror ( s _m
 murd]s committ$ by 8 ord]1 & d\bt+ (   
be+ able to keep himself secure f s _m  
families1 at div]s times mortally injur$
 & (f5d$ by him1 resolv$ to seize all ! 
*ildr5 ( ^? he _h caus$ to be sla91 to  
despat* !m daily "o aft] ano!r1 & s to  
e/abli% 8 own repose4  ,f9e matt] is    
nev] imp]t95t1 h[ev] plac$2 & !re=e ,i1 
:o m consid] ! weight & utility ( :at ,i
 deliv] ?an its ord] & connection1 ne$ n
 fe> 9 ?is place to br+ 9 an excell5t   
/ory1 ?\gh x be a little by-!-by2 = :5  
!y are ri* 9 _! own native beauty1 & are
 able to ju/ify !mselves1 ! lea/ end ( a
 hair w s]ve to draw !m into my         
disc\rse4  ,among/ o!rs condemn$ by     
,philip1 _h be5 "o ,h]odicus1 pr9ce (   
,!ssaly2 he _h1 moreov]1 aft] him caus$ 
8 two sons-9-law to be put to dea?1 ea* 
leav+ a son v "y beh9d him4  ,!ox5a &   
,ar*o 7 _! two wid[s4  ,!ox5a1 ?\gh     

highly c\rt$ to x1 c\ld n be p]suad$ to 
m>ry aga93 ,ar*o m>ri$ ,poris1 ! greate/
 man among ! ,a,enians1 & by him _h a   
great _m *ildr51 :om %e1 dy+1 left at a 
v t5d] age4  ,!ox5a1 mov$ ) a mat]nal   
*>ity t[>ds h] nephews1 t %e might h !m 
"u h] own eyes & 9 h] own protection1   
m>ri$ ,poris3 :5 pres5tly comes a       
proclamation ( ! k+'s edict4  ,?is      
brave-spirit$ "m1 suspect+ ! cruelty (  
,philip1 & afraid ( ! insol5ce ( !      
soldi]s t[>ds ^! *>m+ & t5d] *ildr5 0 s 
bold z to decl>e hat %e w\ld r kill !m )
 h] own h&s ?an deliv] !m4  ,poris1     
/>tl$ at ?is prote/ation1 promis$ h] to 
/eal !m away1 & to transport !m to      
,a!ns1 & !re commit !m to ! cu/ody ( "s 
fai?ful fri5ds ( 84  ,!y took1 !re=e1 ! 
opportunity ( an annual fea/ :i* 0      
celebrat$ at ,a,enia 9 hon\r ( ,a,eneas1
 & ?i!r !y w5t4  ,hav+ appe>$ by day at 
! public c]emonies & banquet1 !y /ole ! 
night foll[+ into a vessel laid ready = 
! purpose1 to escape away by sea4  ,!   
w9d prov$ contr>y1 & f9d+ !mselves 9 !  

morn+ )9 sight ( ! l& :5ce !y _h laun*$ 
ov]night1 & be+ pursu$ by ! gu>ds ( !   
port1 ,poris p]ceiv+ ?is1 lab\r$ all he 
c\ld to make ! m>9]s d _! utmo/ to      
escape f ! pursu]s4  ,b ,!ox5a1 frantic 
) affection & rev5ge1 9 pursuance ( h]  
=m] resolution1 prep>$ bo? weapons &    
poison1 & expos+ !m be=e !m2 ,g to1 my  
*ildr51 said %e1 dea? is n[ ! only means
 ( y\r def5ce & lib]ty1 & %all adm9i/]  
occasion to ! gods to ex]cise _! sacr$  
ju/ice3 ^! %>p swords1 & ^! full cups1 w
 op5 y ! way into x2 c\rage1 fe> no?+6  
,& ?\1 my son1 :o art ! elde/1 take ?is 
/eel into ?y h&1 t ?\ maye/ ! m bravely 
die4  ,! *ildr5 hav+ on "o side s p[]ful
 a c\nsellor1 & ! enemy at _! ?roats on 
! o!r1 run all ( !m eag]ly ^u :at 0 next
 to h&2 &1 half dead1 7 ?r[n into ! sea4
  ,!ox5a1 pr\d ( hav+ s glori\sly       
provid$ = ! safety ( h] *ildr51 clasp+  
h] arms ) great affection ab\t h]       
husb&'s neck4  ,let u1 my fri5d1 said   
%e1 foll[ ^! boys1 & enjoy ! same       
sepul*re !y d2 & s1 hav+ embrac$1 !y    

?rew !mselves headlong into ! sea2 s t !
 %ip 0 c>ri$--back )\t ! own]s into !   
h>b\r4  ,tyrants1 at once bo? to kill & 
to make _! ang] felt1 h employ$ _!      
capacity to inv5t ! mo/ l+]+ dea?s4  ,!y
 w h _! enemies despat*$1 b n s fa/ t !y
 may n h leisure to ta/e _! v5geance4   
,& !re9 !y are mightily p]plex$2 = if ! 
torm5ts !y inflict are viol5t1 !y are   
%ort2 if long1 !y are n !n s pa9ful z !y
 desire2 & ?us plague !mselves 9 *oice (
 ! greate/ cruelty4  ,( ?is we h a ?\s& 
examples 9 antiquity1 & ,i "k n :e!r we1
 unaw>es1 d n reta9 "s traces ( ?is     
b>b>ity4  ,all t exce$s a simple dea?   
appe>s to me absolute cruelty4  ,our    
ju/ice _c expect t he1 :om ! fe> ( dy+  
by be+ behead$ or hang$ w n re/ra91 %\ld
 be any m aw$ by ! imag9ation ( a       
langui%+ fire1 p9c]s1 or ! :eel4  ,& ,i 
"k n1 9 ! meantime1 :e!r we d n ?r[ !m  
into despair2 = 9 :at condition c be !  
s\l ( a man1 expect+ f\r-&-tw5ty h\rs   
toge!r to be brok5 ^u a :eel1 or aft] ! 
old way1 nail$ to a cross8  ,josephus   

relates t 9 ! "t ( ! w> ! ,romans made 9
 ,judaea1 happ5+ to pass by :]e !y _h   
?ree days be=e crucifi$ c]ta9 ,jews1 he 
among/ !m knew ?ree ( 8 own fri5ds1 &   
obta9$ ! fav\r ( hav+ !m tak5 d[n1 ( :om
 two1 he says1 di$2 ! ?ird liv$ a great 
:ile aft]4  ,*alcondylas1 a writ] ( good
 cr$it1 9 ! records he has left beh9d   
him ( ?+s t happ5$ 9 8 "t1 & ne> him1   
tells u1 z ( ! mo/ excessive torm5t1 ( t
 ! ,emp]or ,mohamm$ v (t5 practis$1 (   
cutt+ (f m5 9 ! middle by ! diaphragm ) 
"o bl[ ( a scimit>1 :5ce x foll[$ t !y  
di$ z x 7 two dea?s at once2 & bo? ! "o 
"p1 says he1 & ! o!r1 7 se5 to /ir &    
/rive a great :ile aft] 9 v great       
torm5t4  ,i d n ?9k !re 0 any great     
suff]+ 9 ?is motion ! torm5ts t are !   
mo/ dreadful to look on are n always !  
greate/ to endure2 & ,i f9d ^? t o!r    
hi/orians relate to h be5 practis$ by   
him ^u ! ,epirot lords1 are m horrid &  
cruel1 :]e !y 7 condemn$ to be flay$    
alive piecemeal1 aft] s malici\s a mann]
 t !y cont9u$ fifte5 days 9 t mis]y4  ,&

 ^! o!r two3 ,croesus1 hav+ caus$ a     
g5tleman1 ! fav\rite ( 8 bro!r          
,pantaleon1 to be seiz$1 c>ri$ him into 
a full]'s %op1 :]e he caus$ him to be   
scrat*$ & c>d$ ) ! c>ds & combs belong+ 
to t trade1 till he di$4  ,george       
,se*el1 *ief comm&] ( ! peasants (      
,pol&1 :o committ$ s _m mis*iefs "u !   
title ( ! ,crusade1 be+ defeat$ 9 battle
 & tak5 bu ! ,vayvode ( ,transylvania1 0
 ?ree days b\nd nak$ ^u ! rack expos$ to
 all sorts ( torm5ts t any "o c\ld      
contrive aga9/ him3 dur+ :i* "t _m o!r  
prison]s 7 kept fa/+2 9 ! end1 he liv+ &
 look+ on1 !y made 8 belov$ bro!r       
,lucat1 = :om alone he entreat$1 tak+ on
 himself ! blame ( all _! evil actions  
dr9k 8 blood1 & caus$ tw5ty ( 8 mo/     
fav\r$ capta9s to fe$ ^u him1 te>+ 8    
fle% 9 pieces ) _! tee?1 & swall[+ !    
morsels4  ,! rema9d] ( 8 body & 8 b[els1
 s soon z he 0 dead1 7 boil$1 & o!rs ( 8
 foll[]s compell$ to eat !m4     ,,*apt]
 ,,xxviii  ,,all ,,?+s ,,h ,,_! ,,season
  ,su* z comp>e ,cato ! ,c5sor ) ! y\ng]

 ,cato1 :o kill$ himself1 comp>e two    
beautiful natures1 mu* resembl+ "o      
ano!r4 ,! fir/ acquir$ 8 reputation     
sev]al ways1 & excels 9 milit>y exploits
 & ! utility ( 8 public employm5ts2 b ! 
virtue ( ! y\ng]1 besides t x 7         
blasphemy to comp>e any to x 9 vig\r1 0 
mu* m pure & unblemi%$4  ,= :o c\ld     
absolve t ( ! ,c5sor f envy & ambition1 
hav+ d>$ to attack ! hon\r ( ,scipio1 a 
man 9 goodness & all o!r excell5t       
qualities inf9itely beyond him or any   
o!r ( 8 "t8  ,t :i* !y1 report ( him1   
among/ o!r ?+s1 t 9 8 extreme old age he
 put himself ^u le>n+ ! ,greek tongue ) 
s gre$y an appetite1 z if to qu5* a long
 ?ir/1 does n seem to me to make mu* = 8
 hon\r2 x be+ prop]ly :at we call fall+ 
into second *ildhood4  ,all ?+s h _!    
seasons1 ev5 good ones1 & ,i may say my 
,pat]no/] out ( "t2 z !y accus$ ,t4     
,qu9tus ,flam9ius1 t be+ g5]al ( an     
army1 he 0 se5 pray+ ap>t 9 ! "t ( a    
battle t he won4            ,imponit    
f9em sapi5s et rebus hone/is4       ,!  

wise man limits ev5 hone/ ?+s4--,juv5al1
 vi4 #ddd  ,eudemonidas1 see+ ,x5ocrates
 :5 v old1 /ill v int5t ^u 8 s*ool      
lectures3 ,:5 w ?is man be wise1 said   
he1 if he is yet le>n+8  ,& ,philopaem51
 to ^? :o extoll$ ,k+ ,ptolemy = e day  
inur+ 8 p]son to ! ex]cise ( arms3 ,x is
 n1 said he1 comm5dable 9 a k+ ( 8 age  
to ex]cise himself 9 ^! ?+s2 he ought n[
 really to employ !m4  ,! "y are to make
 _! prep>ations1 ! old to enjoy !m1 say 
! sages3 & ! greate/ vice !y obs]ve 9 u 
is t our desires incessantly gr[ "y     
aga92 we are always re-beg9n+ to live4  
,our /udies & desires %\ld sometime be  
s5sible ( age2 yet we h "o foot 9 !     
grave & /ill our appetites & pursuits   
spr+ e day anew )9 u3                   
,tu sec&a m>mora                        
,locas sub ipsum funus1 et1 sepulcri    
,immemor1 /ruis domos4       ,y aga9/ ! 
"t ( dea? h m>ble cut = use1 &1         
=getful ( ! tomb1 build h\ses4--,horace1
 ,od41 ii4 #ah1 #ag4  ,! longe/ ( my    
designs is n ( above a ye>'s ext5t2 ,i  

?9k ( no?+ n[ b end+2 rid myself ( all  
new hopes & ent]prises2 take my la/     
leave ( e place ,i dep>t f1 & e day     
dispossess myself ( :at ,i h4           
,olim jam nec p]it quicquam mihi1 nec   
acquiritur4444           plus sup]e/    
viatici quam viae4       ,h5ce=w>d ,i w 
nei!r lose1 nor expect to get3 ,i h m   
:]e) to defray my j\rney1 ?an ,i h way  
to g4  7,or73      ,hi!rto no?+ ( me has
 be5 lo/ or ga9$2 m rema9s to pay      !
 way ?an !re is way4--,s5eca1 ,ep41 #gg4
  7,! s5se seems to      be t s f> he _h
 met 8 exp5ses1 b t = ! future he      0
 likely to h m ?an he requir$47         
,vixi1 et1 quem d$]at cursum =tuna1     
p]egi4       ,i h liv$ & f9i%$ ! c>e]   
,=tune plac$ be=e me4      --,a,eneid1  
iv4 #fec4  ',tis inde$ ! only com=t ,i  
f9d 9 my old age1 t x mortifies 9 me    
sev]al c>es & desires :]e) my life has  
be5 di/urb$2 ! c>e h[ ! _w goes1 ! c>e (
 ri*es1 ( gr&eur1 ( k1 ( heal?1 (       
myself4  ,!re are m5 :o are le>n+ to    
speak at a "t :5 !y %\ld le>n to be     

sil5t = ev]4  ,a man may always /udy1 b 
he mu/ n always g to s*ool :at a        
contemptible ?+ is an old               
,abec$>ian6--,s5eca1 ,ep4 #cf           
,div]sos div]sa juvant2 non omnibus     
annis                ,omnia conv5iunt4  
,v>i\s ?+s delight v>i\s m52 all ?+s are
 n           = all ages4--,gall41       
,eleg41 i4 #ajd4  ,if we mu/ /udy1 let u
 /udy :at is suitable to our pres5t     
condition1 t we may answ] z he did1 :o  
be+ ask$ to :at end he /udi$ 9 8        
decrepit age1 t ,i may g out bett]1 said
 he1 & at great] ease4  ,su* a /udy 0 t 
( ! y\ng] ,cato1 feel+ 8 end approa*1 & 
:i* he met ) 9 ,plato's ,disc\rse ( !   
,et]nity ( ! ,s\l3 n1 z we are to       
believe1 t he 0 n long be=e furni%$ )   
all sorts ( provision = su* a dep>ture2 
= ( assurance1 an e/abli%$ w &          
in/ruction1 he _h m ?an ,plato _h 9 all 
8 writ+s2 8 k & c\rage 7 9 ?is respect  
above philosophy2 he appli$ himself to  
?is /udy1 n = ! s]vice ( 8 dea?2 b1 z a 
man ^: sleeps 7 nev] di/urb$ 9 !        

importance ( su* a delib]ation1 he also1
 )\t *oice or *ange1 cont9u$ 8 /udies ) 
! o!r accu/om>y actions ( 8 life4 ,!    
night t he 0 d5i$ ! praetor%ip he sp5t 9
 play2 t :]e9 he 0 to die he sp5t 9     
read+4  ,! loss ei!r ( life or ( (fice 0
 all "o to him4     ,,*apt] ,,xxix  ,,( 
,,virtue  ,i f9d by exp]i5ce1 t !re is a
 good deal to be said betwixt ! flights 
& emotions ( ! s\l or a resolute &      
con/ant habit2 & v well p]ceive t !re is
 no?+ we may n d1 nay1 ev5 to ! surpass+
 ! ,div9ity itself1 says a c]ta9 p]son1 
=asmu* z x is m to r5d] a man's self    
impassible by 8 own /udy & indu/ry1 ?an 
to be s by 8 natural condition2 & ev5 to
 be able to conjo9 to man's imbecility &
 frailty a ,god-l resolution &          
assurance2 b x is by fits & />ts2 & 9 ! 
lives ( ^? h]oes ( times pa/ !re are    
sometimes miracul\s impulses1 & t seem  
inf9itely to exce$ our natural =ce2 b !y
 are inde$ only impulses3 & 'tis h>d to 
believe1 t ^! s elevat$ qualities 9 a   
man c s ?or\ghly t9ct & imbue ! s\l t !y

 %\ld become ord9>y1 &1 z x 71 natural 9
 him4  ,x accid5tally happ5s ev5 to u1  
:o are b abortive bir?s ( m51 sometimes 
to laun* our s\ls1 :5 r\s$ by !         
disc\rses or examples ( o!rs1 mu* beyond
 _! ord9>y /ret*2 b 'tis a k9d ( passion
 :i* pu%es & agitates !m1 & 9 "s sort   
ravi%es !m f !mselves3 b1 ?is           
p]turbation once ov]come1 we see t !y   
ins5sibly flag & slack5 ( !mselves1 if n
 to ! l[e/ degree1 at lea/ s z to be no 
m ! same2 insomu* z t ^u e trivial      
occasion1 ! los+ ( a bird1 or ! break+1 
( a glass1 we suff] ourselves to be mov$
 little less ?an "o ( ! common p4  ,i am
 ( op9ion1 t ord]1 mod]ation1 & con/ancy
 except$1 all ?+s are to be done by a   
man t is v imp]fect & defective 9 g5]al4
  ,!re=e x is1 say ! ,sages1 t to make a
 "r judgm5t ( a man1 y are *iefly to pry
 into 8 common actions1 & surprise him 9
 8 ev]yday habit4  ,pyrrho1 he :o erect$
 s pleasant a k ^u ignorance1 endeav\r$1
 z all ! re/ :o 7 really philosoph]s    
did1 to make 8 life correspond ) 8      

doctr9e4  ,& because he ma9ta9$ !       
imbecility ( human judgm5t to be s      
extreme z to be incapable ( any *oice or
 incl9ation1 & w\ld h x p]petually wav]+
 & susp5d$1 consid]+ & receiv+ all ?+s z
 indiff]5t1 'tis said1 t he always      
com=t$ himself aft] ! same mann] &      
c\nt5ance3 if he _h begun a disc\rse1 he
 w\ld always end :at he _h to say1 ?\gh 
! p]son he 0 speak+ to _h gone away3 if 
he walk$1 he nev] /opp$ = any imp$im5t t
 /ood 9 8 way1 be+ pres]v$ f precipices1
 collision ) c>ts1 & o!r l accid5ts1 by 
! c>e ( 8 fri5ds3 =1 to fe> or to avoid 
any?+1 _h be5 to %ock 8 own             
propositions1 :i* depriv$ ! s5ses       
!mselves ( all election & c]ta9ty4      
,sometimes he suff]$ incision & caut]ies
 ) s great con/ancy z nev] to be se5 s  
mu* z to w9ce4  ',tis some?+ to br+ !   
s\l to ^! imag9ations2 'tis m to jo9 !  
effects1 & yet n impossible2 b to conjo9
 !m ) su* p]sev]ance & con/ancy z to    
make !m habitual1 is c]ta9ly1 9 attempts
 s remote f ! common usage1 almo/       

incr$ible to be done4  ,!re=e x 01 t be+
 sometime tak5 9 8 h\se %>ply scold+ ) 8
 si/]1 & be+ reproa*$ t he !re9         
transgress$ 8 own rules ( indiff]5ce3   
,:at6 said he1 mu/ ?is bit ( a woman    
also s]ve = a te/imony to my rules8     
,ano!r "t1 be+ se5 to def5d himself     
aga9/ a dog3 ,x is1 said he1 v h>d      
totally to put (f man2 & we mu/ endeav\r
 & =ce ourselves to resi/ & enc\nt] ?+s1
 fir/ by effects1 b at lea/ by reason & 
argum5t4  ,ab\t sev5 or eight ye>s s9ce1
 a husb&man yet liv+1 b two leagues f my
 h\se1 hav+ long be5 torm5t$ ) 8 wife's 
jeal\sy1 com+ "o day home f 8 "w1 & %e  
welcom+ him ) h] accu/om$ rail+1 ent]$  
into s great fury t ) a sickle he _h yet
 9 8 h&1 he totally cut (f all ^? p>ts t
 %e 0 jeal\s ( & ?rew !m 9 h] face4  ,&1
 'tis said t a "y g5tleman ( our nation1
 brisk & amor\s1 hav+ by 8 p]sev]ance at
 la/ mollifi$ ! he>t ( a fair mi/ress1  
enrag$1 t ^u ! po9t ( fruition he f\nd  
himself unable to p]=m1 & t1            
,nec virilit]           ,in]s s5ile p5is

 extulit caput4       7,! #ai? or #bj?  
c5tury translators leave ?is phrase     
untranslat$ & ) no explanation4 ,d4,w47 
--,tibullus1 ,priap4  ,c>m41 #hd4  z    
soon z ev] he came home he depriv$      
himself ( ! rebelli\s memb]1 & s5t x to 
8 mi/ress1 a cruel & bloody victim = !  
expiation ( 8 (f5ce4  ,if ?is _h be5    
done ^u mature consid]ation1 & ^u !     
acc\nt ( religion1 z ! prie/s ( ,cybele 
did1 :at %\ld we say ( s high an action8
  ,a few days s9ce1 at ,b]g]ac1 five    
leagues f my h\se1 up ! riv] ,dordogne1 
a woman hav+ ov]night be5 beat5 & abus$ 
by h] husb&1 a *ol]ic ill-condition$    
fell[1 resolv$ to escape f 8 ill-usage  
at ! price ( h] life2 & go+ s soon z %e 
0 up ! next morn+ to visit h] neighb\rs1
 z %e 0 wont to d1 & hav+ let "s words  
fall 9 recomm5dation ( h] affairs1 %e   
took a si/] ( h]s by ! h&1 & l$ h] to ! 
bridge2 :i!r be+ come1 & hav+ tak5 leave
 ( h]1 9 je/ z x 71 )\t any mann] (     
alt]ation 9 h] c\nt5ance1 %e ?rew h]self
 headlong f ! top into ! riv]1 & 0 !re  

dr[n$4  ,t :i* is ! mo/ rem>kable 9 ?is 
is1 t ?is resolution 0 a :ole night =m+ 
9 h] head4  ,x is q ano!r ?+ ) ! ,indian
 wom5 = x be+ ! cu/om !re = ! m5 to h _m
 wives1 & ! be/ belov$ ( !m to kill     
h]self at h] husb&'s decease1 e "o ( !m 
makes x ! bus9ess ( h] :ole life to     
obta9 ?is privilege & ga9 ?is advantage 
ov] h] companions2 & ! good (fices !y d 
_! husb&s aim at no o!r recomp5se b to  
be pref]r$ 9 accompany+ him 9 dea?3     
,ubi mortif]o jacta e/ fax ultima lecto1
                ,uxorum fusis /at pia   
turba comis                ,et c]tam5   
hab5t le?i1 quae viva sequatur          
,conjugium3 pudor e/ non licuisse mori4 
,ard5t victrices1 et flammae pectora    
praeb5t1                ,imponuntque    
suis ora p]u/a viris4       ,= :5 !y    
?rew ! tor* on ! fun]al b$1 ! pi\s wives
      ) hair di%evell$1 /& ar\nd /riv+1 
:i*1 liv+1 %all      accompany h] sp\se2
 & are a%am$ t !y may n die2 !y      :o 
are pref]r$ expose _! brea/s to ! flame1
 & !y lay      _! scor*$ lips on ^? ( _!

 husb&s4      --,prop]tius1 iii4 #ac1   
#ag4  ,a c]ta9 au?or ( our times reports
 t he has se5 9 ^? ,ori5tal nations ?is 
cu/om 9 practice1 t n only ! wives bury 
!mselves ) _! husb&s1 b ev5 ! slaves he 
has enjoy$ also2 :i* is done aft] ?is   
mann]3 ,! husb& be+ dead1 ! wid[ may if 
%e w 7b few w7 dem& two or ?ree mon?s'  
respite :]e9 to ord] h] affairs4  ,! day
 be+ come1 %e m\nts on horseback1 dress$
 z f9e z at h] w$d+1 & ) a *e]ful       
c\nt5ance says %e is go+ to sleep ) h]  
sp\se1 hold+ a look+-glass 9 h] left h& 
& an arr[ 9 ! o!r4  ,be+ ?us conduct$ 9 
pomp1 accompani$ ) h] k9dr$ & fri5ds & a
 great conc\rse ( p 9 great joy1 %e is  
at la/ br\ght to ! public place appo9t$ 
= su* spectacles3 ?is is a great space1 
9 ! mid/ ( :i* is a pit full ( wood1 &  
adjo9+ to x a m\nt rais$ f\r or five    
/eps1 ^u :i* %e is br\ght & s]v$ ) a    
magnific5t repa/2 :i* be+ done1 %e falls
 to danc+ & s++1 & gives ord]1 :5 %e    
?9ks fit1 to k9dle ! fire4  ,?is be+    
done1 %e desc5ds1 & tak+ ! ne>e/ ( h]   

husb&'s relations by ! h&1 !y walk to ! 
riv] close by1 :]e %e /rips h]self />k  
nak$1 & hav+ di/ribut$ h] clo!s & jewels
 to h] fri5ds1 plunges h]self into !    
wat]1 z if !re to cleanse h]self f h]   
s9s2 com+ out !nce1 %e wraps h]self 9 a 
yell[ l95 ( five-&-tw5ty ells long1 &   
aga9 giv+ h] h& to ?is k9sman ( h]      
husb&'s1 !y return back to ! m\nt1 :]e  
%e makes a spee* to ! p1 & recomm5ds h] 
*ildr5 to !m1 if %e h any4  ,betwixt !  
pit & ! m\nt !re is commonly a curta9   
drawn to scre5 ! burn+ furnace f _!     
sight1 :i* "s ( !m1 to manife/ ! great] 
c\rage1 =bid4  ,hav+ end$ :at %e has to 
say1 a woman pres5ts h] ) a vessel (    
oil1 :]e) to ano9t h] head & h] :ole    
body1 :i* :5 done ) %e ?r[s into ! fire1
 & 9 an in/ant precipitates h]self aft]4
  ,imm$iately1 ! p ?r[ a good _m billets
 & logs ^u h] t %e may n be long 9 dy+1 
& conv]t all _! joy into sorr[ & m\rn+4 
,if !y are p]sons ( mean] condition1 !  
body ( ! defunct is c>ri$ to ! place (  
sepulture1 & !re plac$ sitt+1 ! wid[    

kneel+ be=e him1 embrac+ ! dead body2 & 
!y cont9ue 9 ?is po/ure :il/ ! p build a
 wall ab\t !m1 :i* s soon z x is rais$  
to ! height ( ! woman's %\ld]s1 "o ( h] 
relations comes beh9d h]1 & tak+ hold ( 
h] head1 twi/s h] neck2 s soon z %e is  
dead1 ! wall is pres5tly rais$ up1 &    
clos$1 & !re !y rema9 entomb$4  ,!re 01 
9 ?is same c\ntry1 some?+ l ?is 9 _!    
gymnosophi/s2 = n by con/ra9t ( o!rs nor
 by ! impetuosity ( a sudd5 hum\r1 b by 
! express pr(ession ( _! ord]1 _! cu/om 
01 z soon z !y arriv$ at a c]ta9 age1 or
 t !y saw !mselves ?reat5$ by any       
disease1 to cause a fun]al pile to be   
erect$ = !m1 & on ! top a /ately b$1    
:]e1 aft] hav+ joyfully fea/$ _! fri5ds 
& acqua9tance1 !y laid !m d[n ) s great 
resolution1 t fire be+ appli$ to x1 !y 7
 nev] se5 to /ir ei!r h& or foot2 & aft]
 ?is mann]1 "o ( !m1 ,calanus by "n2    
expir$ 9 ! pres5ce ( ! :ole army (      
,alex&] ! ,great4  ,& he 0 nei!r reput$ 
holy nor happy among/ !m :o did n ?us   
de/roy himself1 dismiss+ 8 s\l purg$ &  

purifi$ by ! fire1 aft] hav+ consum$ all
 t 0 e>?ly & mortal4  ,?is con/ant      
prem$itation ( ! :ole life is t :i*     
makes ! wond]4  ,among/ our o!r         
controv]sies1 t ( ',fatum' has also     
crept 92 & to tie ?+s to come1 & ev5 our
 own wills1 to a c]ta9 & inevitable     
necessity1 we are yet ^u ?is argum5t (  
"t pa/3 ,s9ce ,god =esees t all ?+s %all
 s fall out1 z d\btless ,he does1 x mu/ 
!n necess>ily foll[1 t !y mu/ s fall    
out3 to :i* our ma/]s reply3 t ! see+   
any?+ come to pass1 z we d1 & z ,god    
,himself also does 7= all ?+s be+ pres5t
 ) him1 ,he r sees1 ?an =esees71 is n to
 compel an ev5t3 t is1 we see because   
?+s d fall out1 b ?+s d n fall out      
because we see3 ev5ts cause k1 b k does 
n cause ev5ts4  ,t :i* we see happ51    
does happ52 b x might h happ5$ o!rwise3 
& ,god1 9 ! catalogue ( ! causes ( ev5ts
 :i* ,he has 9 ,8 presci5ce1 has also ^?
 :i* we call accid5tal & volunt>y1      
dep5d+ ^u ! lib]ty4  ,he has giv5 our   
free w1 & kn[s t we d amiss because we  

w\ld d s4  ,i h se5 a great _m comm&]s  
enc\rage _! soldi]s ) ?is fatal         
necessity2 = if our "t be limit$ to a   
c]ta9 h\r1 nei!r ! enemies' %ot nor our 
own boldness1 nor our flight & c[>dice1 
c ei!r %ort5 or prolong our lives4  ,?is
 is easily said1 b see :o w be s easily 
p]suad$2 & if x be s t a /rong & lively 
fai? draws along ) x actions ( ! same   
k9d1 c]ta9ly ?is fai? we s mu* brag (1  
is v light 9 ?is age ( ours1 unless !   
contempt x has ( works makes x disda9 _!
 company4  ,s x is1 t to ?is v purpose !
 ,sire de ,jo9ville1 z cr$ible a witness
 z any o!r :atev]1 tells u ( ! ,b$\9s1 a
 nation among/ ! ,s>ac5s1 ) :om ! k+ ,/4
 ,l\is _h to d 9 ! ,holy ,l&1 t !y1 9 _!
 religion1 s firmly believ$ ! numb] ( e 
man's days to be f all et]nity prefix$ &
 set d[n by an inevitable decree1 t !y  
w5t nak$ to ! w>s1 except+ a ,turki%    
sword1 & _! bodies only cov]$ ) a :ite  
l95 clo?3 & = ! greate/ curse !y c\ld   
inv5t :5 !y 7 angry1 ?is 0 always 9 _!  
m\?s3 ,accurs$ be ?\1 z he t arms       

himself = fe> ( dea?4  ,?is is a        
te/imony ( fai? v mu* beyond ours4  ,& (
 ?is sort is t also t two fri>s (       
,flor5ce gave 9 our fa!rs' days4  ,be+  
engag$ 9 "s controv]sy ( le>n+1 !y agre$
 to g bo? ( !m into ! fire 9 ! sight (  
all ! p1 ea* = ! v]ification ( 8        
argum5t1 & all ?+s 7 already prep>$1 & !
 ?+ j ^u ! po9t ( execution1 :5 x 0     
int]rupt$ by an unexpect$ accid5t4--#g? 
,april #adih4  ,savon>ola issu$ !       
*all5ge4  ,aft] _m delays f dem&s &     
c\nt]-dem&s by ea* side z to ! details (
 ! fire1 bo? p>ties f\nd t !y _h        
important bus9ess to transact 9 ano!r   
c\nty--bo? j b>ely escap$ assass9ation  
at ! h&s ( ! disappo9t$ spectators4     
,d4,w4  ,a "y ,turki% "l1 hav+ p]=m$ a  
notable exploit 9 8 own p]son 9 ! sight 
( bo? armies1 t ( ,amura? & t (         
,huniades1 ready to jo9 battle1 be+ ask$
 by ,amura?1 :at 9 su* t5d] & inexp]i5c$
 ye>s 7= x 0 8 fir/ sally into arms7 _h 
inspir$ him ) s brave a c\rage1 repli$1 
t 8 *ief tutor = val\r 0 a h>e4  ,= be+1

 said he1 "o day a hunt+1 ,i f\nd a h>e 
sitt+1 & ?\gh ,i _h a brace ( excell5t  
greyh\nds ) me1 yet me?\ght x w\ld be   
be/ = sur5ess to make use ( my b[2 = %e 
sat v fair4  ,i !n fell to lett+ fly my 
arr[s1 & %ot =ty t ,i _h 9 my quiv]1 n  
only )\t hurt+1 b )\t />t+ h] f h] =m4  
,at la/ ,i slipp$ my dogs aft] h]1 b to 
no m purpose ?an ,i _h %ot3 by :i* ,i   
und]/ood t %e _h be5 secur$ by h] de/9y2
 &1 t nei!r d>ts nor swords c w\nd )\t !
 p]mission ( fate1 :i* we c nei!r ha/5  
nor def]4  ,?is /ory may s]ve1 by ! way1
 to let u see h[ flexible our reason is 
to all sorts ( images4  ,a p]son ( great
 ye>s1 "n1 dignity1 & le>n+ boa/$ to me 
t he _h be5 induc$ to a c]ta9 v         
important *ange 9 8 fai? by a /range &  
:imsical incitation1 & "o o!rwise s     
inadequate1 t ,i ?\ght x mu* /rong]1    
tak5 ! contr>y way3 he call$ x a        
miracle1 & s ,i look ^u x1 b 9 a diff]5t
 s5se4  ,! ,turki% hi/orians say1 t !   
p]suasion ^? ( _! nation h impr9t$ 9 !m 
( ! fatal & unalt]able prescription ( _!

 days1 manife/ly conduces to ! giv+ !m  
great assurance 9 dang]s4  ,& ,i "k a   
great pr9ce :o makes v =tunate use ( x1 
:e!r x be t he really believes x1 or t  
he makes x 8 excuse = s wond]fully      
haz>d+ himself3 let u hope ,=tune may n 
be too soon we>y ( h] fav\r to him4     
,!re has n happ5$ 9 our memory a m      
admirable effect ( resolution ?an 9 ^?  
two :o conspir$ ! dea? ( ! ,pr9ce (     
,orange4       ,! fir/ ( ^! 0 ,jehan de 
,jaureguy1 :o w\nd$ ! ,pr9ce      #ah?  
,m>* #aehb2 ! second1 by :om ! ,pr9ce 0 
kill$ #aj? ,july      #aehd41 0 ,bal?az>
 ,g]>d4  ',tis m>vell\s h[ ! second :o  
execut$ x1 c\ld ev] be p]suad$ into an  
attempt1 :]e9 8 companion1 :o _h done 8 
utmo/1 _h _h s ill success2 & aft] !    
same me?od1 & ) ! same arms1 to g attack
 a "l1 arm$ ) s rec5t a late lesson (   
di/ru/1 p[]ful 9 foll[]s & bodily /r5g?1
 9 8 own hall1 amid/ 8 gu>ds1 & 9 a city
 :olly at 8 devotion4  ,assur$ly1 he    
employ$ a v resolute arm & a c\rage     
enflam$ ) furi\s passion4  ,a poign>d is

 sur] = /rik+ home2 b by reason t m     
motion & =ce ( h& is requir$ ?an ) a    
pi/ol1 ! bl[ is m subject to be put by  
or h9d]$4  ,t ?is man did n run to a    
c]ta9 dea?1 ,i make no great d\bt2 = !  
hopes any "o c\ld flatt] him )al1 c\ld n
 f9d place 9 any sob] und]/&+1 & !      
conduct ( 8 exploit suffici5tly manife/s
 t he _h no want ( t1 no m ?an ( c\rage4
  ,! motives ( s p[]ful a p]suasion may 
be div]se1 = our fancy does :at x w1 bo?
 ) itself & u4  ,! execution t 0 done   
ne> ,orleans--,! murd] ( ! ,duke (      
,guise by ,poltrot4--0 no?+ l ?is2 !re 0
 9 ?is m ( *ance ?an vig\r2 ! w\nd 0 n  
mortal1 if =tune _h n made x s1 & to    
attempt to %oot on horseback1 & at a    
great di/ance1 by "o ^: body 0 9 motion 
f ! motion ( 8 horse1 0 ! attempt ( a   
man :o _h r miss 8 bl[ ?an fail ( sav+  
himself4  ,?is 0 app>5t f :at foll[$2 = 
he 0 s a/oni%$ & /upefi$ ) ! ?\ght ( s  
high an execution1 t he totally lo/ 8   
judgm5t bo? to f9d 8 way to flight & to 
gov]n 8 tongue4  ,:at ne$$ he to h done 

m ?an to fly back to 8 fri5ds across !  
riv]8  ',tis :at ,i h done 9 less       
dang]s1 & t ,i ?9k ( v little haz>d1 h[ 
broad soev] ! riv] may be1 provid$ y\r  
horse h easy go+ 91 & t y see on ! o!r  
side easy l&+ accord+ to ! /ream4  ,!   
o!r1 --,bal?az> ,g]>d4--:5 !y pron\nc$ 8
 dreadful s5t5ce1 ,i 0 prep>$ = ?is1    
said he1 be=eh&1 & ,i w make y wond] at 
my pati5ce4  ,! ,assass9s1 a nation     
bord]+ ^u ,pho5icia1       ,or 9 ,egypt1
 ,syria1 & ,p]sia4  ,d]ivation (        
'assass9' is f      ,hassan-b5-,saba1 "o
 ( _! e>ly lead]s1 & !y _h an           
exi/5ce = "s c5turies4  ,!y are class$  
among ! secret      societies ( !       
,middle ,ages4  ,d4,w4  are reput$      
among/ ! ,mohamm$ans a p ( v great      
devotion & purity ( mann]s4  ,!y hold t 
! ne>e/ way to ga9 ,p>adise is to kill  
"s "o ( a contr>y religion2 :i* is !    
reason !y h (t5 be5 se51 be+ b "o or    
two1 & )\t arm\r1 to attempt aga9/      
p[]ful enemies1 at ! price ( a c]ta9    
dea? & )\t any consid]ation ( _! own    

dang]4  ,s 0 our ,raymond1 ,c\nt (      
,tripoli1 assass9at$ 7:i* ^w is d]iv$ f 
_! "n7 9 ! he>t ( 8 city1--9            
#aaea--;dur+ our ent]prises ( ! ,holy   
,w>3 & likewise ,conrad1 ,m>quis (      
,montef]rat1 ! murd]]s at _! execution  
be>+ !mselves ) great pride & glory t !y
 _h p]=m$ s brave an exploit4           
,,*apt] ,,xxx4  ,,( ,a ,,mon/r\s ,,*ild 
,?is /ory %all g by itself2 = ,i w leave
 x to physicians to disc\rse (4  ,two   
days ago ,i saw a *ild t two m5 & a     
nurse1 :o said !y 7 ! fa!r1 ! uncle1 & !
 aunt ( x1 c>ri$ ab\t to get money by   
%[+ x1 by reason x 0 s /range a         
creature4  ,x 01 z to all ! re/1 ( a    
common =m1 & c\ld /& ^u its feet2 c\ld g
 & gabble mu* l o!r *ildr5 ( ! same age2
 x _h nev] z yet tak5 any o!r n\ri%m5t b
 f ! nurse's brea/s1 & :at1 9 my        
pres5ce1 !y tri$ to put into ! m\? ( x1 
x only *ew$ a little & spat x out aga9  
)\t swall[+2 ! cry ( x seem$ inde$ a    
little odd & p>ticul>1 & x 0 j f\rte5   
mon?s old4  ,"u ! brea/ x 0 jo9$ to     

ano!r *ild1 b )\t a head1 & :i* _h !    
sp9e ( ! back )\t motion1 ! re/ entire2 
= ?\gh x _h "o arm %ort] ?an ! o!r1 x _h
 be5 brok5 by accid5t at _! bir?2 !y 7  
jo9$ brea/ to brea/1 & z if a less] *ild
 s\ght to ?r[ its arms ab\t ! neck ( "o 
some?+ bigg]4  ,! juncture & ?ickness ( 
! place :]e !y 7 conjo9$ 0 n above f\r  
f+]s1 or !reab\ts1 s t if y ?ru/ up !   
imp]fect *ild y might see ! navel ( !   
o!r bel[ x1 & ! jo9+ 0 betwixt ! paps & 
! navel4  ,! navel ( ! imp]fect *ild    
c\ld n be se51 b all ! re/ ( ! belly1 s 
t all t 0 n jo9$ ( ! imp]fect "o1 z     
arms1 buttocks1 ?ighs1 & legs1 hung     
dangl+ ^u ! o!r1 & might rea* to !      
mid-leg4 ,! nurse1 moreov]1 told u t x  
ur9$ at bo? bodies1 & t ! memb]s ( ! o!r
 7 n\ri%$1 s5sible1 & 9 ! same plight ) 
t %e gave suck to1 except+ t !y 7 %ort] 
& less4 ,?is d\ble body & sev]al limbs  
relat+ to "o head might be int]pret$ a  
fav\rable progno/ic to ! k+1--,h5ry     
,,iii4--( ma9ta9+ ^! v>i\s p>ts ( our   
/ate "u ! union ( 8 laws2 b le/ ! ev5t  

%\ld prove o!rwise1 'tis bett] to let x 
alone1 = 9 ?+s already pa/ !re ne$s no  
div9ation1            ,ut quum facts    
sunt1 tum ad conjecturam                
aliqui int]pretatione revoc5tur2        
,s z :5 !y are come to pass1 !y may !n  
by "s      int]pretation be recall$ to  
conjecture      --,cic]o1 ,de ,div941   
ii4 #ca4  z 'tis said ( ,epim5ides1 t he
 always prophesi$ backw>d4  ,i h j se5 a
 h]dsman 9 ,m$oc1 ( ab\t ?irty ye>s (   
age1 :o has no sign ( any g5ital p>ts2  
he has ?ree holes by :i* he incessantly 
voids 8 wat]2 he is be>d$1 has desire1 &
 seeks contact ) wom54  ,^? t we call   
mon/]s are n s to ,god1 :o sees 9 !     
imm5sity ( ,8 "w ! inf9ite =ms t ,he has
 compreh5d$ !re92 & x is to be believ$ t
 ?is figure :i* a/oni%es u has relation 
to "s o!r figure ( ! same k9d unkn[n to 
man4  ,f ,8 all wisdom no?+ b good1     
common2 & regul> proce$s2 b we d n      
disc]n ! disposition & relation3        
,quod crebro videt1 non miratur1        
etiamsi1           cur fiat1 nescit4    

,quod ante non vidit1 id1           si  
ev5]it1 o/5tum esse c5set4       ,:at he
 (t5 sees he does n admire1 ?\gh he be  
ignorant h[      x comes to pass4  ,:5 a
 ?+ happ5s he nev] saw be=e1 he         
?9ks t x is a port5t4--,cic]o1 ,de      
,div941 ii4  #bb4  ,:atev] falls out    
contr>y to cu/om we say is contr>y to   
nature1 b no?+1 :atev] x be1 is contr>y 
to h]4  ,let1 !re=e1 ?is univ]sal &     
natural reason expel ! error & a/oni%m5t
 t novelty br+s along ) x4     ,,*apt]  
,,xxxi  ,,( ,,ang]  ,plut>* is admirable
 ?r\gh\t1 b especially :]e he judges (  
human actions4  ,:at f9e ?+s does he say
 9 ! comp>ison ( ,lycurgus & ,numa ^u ! 
subject ( our great folly 9 ab&on+      
*ildr5 to ! c>e & gov]nm5t ( _! fa!rs8  
,! mo/ ( our civil gov]nm5ts1 z         
,ari/otle says1 leave1 aft] ! mann] ( ! 
,cyclopes1 to e "o ! ord]+ ( _! wives & 
*ildr51 accord+ to _! own fooli% &      
indiscreet fancy2 & ! ,lac$aemonian &   
,cretan are almo/ ! only gov]nm5ts t h  
committ$ ! education ( *ildr5 to ! laws4

  ,:o does n see t 9 a /ate all dep5ds  
^u _! nurture & br++ up8 & yet !y are   
left to ! m]cy ( p>5ts1 let !m be z     
fooli% & ill-condition$ z !y may1 )\t   
any mann] ( discretion4  ,among/ o!r    
?+s1 h[ (t5 h ,i1 z ,i h pass$ along our
 /reets1 _h a good m9d to get up a f>ce1
 to rev5ge ! poor boys :om ,i h se5     
hid$1 knock$ d[n1 & mis]ably beat5 by "s
 fa!r or "m1 :5 9 _! fury & mad ) rage8 
,y %all see !m come out ) fire & fury   
sp>kl+ 9 _! eyes3                ,rabie 
jecur inc5d5te1 f]untur1                
,praecipites2 ut saxa jugis abrupta1    
quibus mons                ,subtrahitur1
 clivoque latus p5d5te rec$it1       ,!y
 are headlong borne ) burn+ fury z great
 /ones torn      f ! m\nta9s1 by :i* !  
/eep sides are left nak$ &              
b>e4--,juv5al1 ,sat41 vi4 #fdg4  7&     
accord+ to ,hippocrates1 ! mo/ dang]\s  
maladies are !y t disfigure !           
c\nt5ance71 ) a ro>+ & t]rible voice1 v 
(t5 aga9/ ^? t are b newly come f nurse1
 & !re !y are lam$ & spoil$ ) bl[s1 :il/

 our ju/ice takes no cognisance ( x1 z  
if ^! maims & dislocations 7 n execut$  
^u memb]s ( our commonweal?3            
,gratum e/1 quod patria2 civem populoque
 d$i/i1           ,si facis1 ut patrix  
sit idoneus1 utilis agris1              
,utilis et bellorum et pacis rebus      
ag5dis4       ,x is well :5 to ?y c\ntry
 & ! p ?\ ha/ giv5 a      citiz51       
provid$ ?\ make fit = 8 c\ntry's s]vice2
 useful to      till ! e>?1 useful 9    
affairs ( w> & peace      --,juv5al1    
,sat41 xiv4 #gj4  ,!re is no passion t s
 mu* transports m5 f _! "r judgm5t z    
ang]4  ,no "o w\ld demur ^u puni%+ a    
judge ) dea? :o %\ld condemn a crim9al  
on ! acc\nt ( 8 own *ol]2 :y1 !n1 %\ld  
fa!rs & p$agogues be any m all[$ to :ip 
& *a/ise *ildr5 9 _! ang]8  ',tis !n no 
long] correction1 b rev5ge4 ,*a/isem5t  
is in/ead ( physic to *ildr52 & w\ld we 
endure a physician :o %\ld be animat$   
aga9/ & enrag$ at 8 pati5t8  ,we        
ourselves1 to d well1 %\ld nev] lay a h&
 ^u our s]vants :il/ our ang] la/s4  ,:5

 ! pulse beats1 & we feel emotion 9     
ourselves1 let u def] ! bus9ess2 ?+s w  
inde$ appe> o!rwise to u :5 we are calm 
& cool4  ',tis passion t !n comm&s1 'tis
 passion t speaks1 & n we4  ,faults se5 
?r\gh passion appe> mu* great] to u ?an 
!y really are1 z bodies d :5 se5 ?r\gh a
 mi/4  ,he :o is hungry uses meat2 b he 
:o w make use ( *a/isem5t %\ld h nei!r  
hung] nor ?ir/ to x4  ,&1 moreov]1      
*a/isem5ts t are inflict$ ) weight &    
discretion are mu* bett] receiv$ & )    
great] b5efit by him :o suff]s2 o!rwise1
 he w n ?9k himself ju/ly condemn$ by a 
man transport$ ) ang] & fury1 & w allege
 8 ma/]'s excessive passion1 8 inflam$  
c\nt5ance1 8 unwont$ oa?s1 8 emotion &  
precipit\s ra%ness1 = 8 own             
ju/ification3                ,ora tum5t 
ira1 nigrescunt sangu9e v5ae1           
,lum9a ,gorgoneo saevius igne micant4   
,_! faces swell1 _! ve9s gr[ black )    
rage1 & _!      eyes sp>kle ) ,gorgonian
 fire4--,ovid1 ,de ,art4 ,am&i1 iii4    
#ejc4  ,suetonius reports t ,caius      

,rabirius hav+ be5 condemn$ by ,caes>1 !
 ?+ t mo/ prevail$ ^u ! p 7to :om he _h 
appeal$7 to det]m9e ! cause 9 8 fav\r1 0
 ! animosity & vehem5ce t ,caes> _h     
manife/$ 9 t s5t5ce4  ,say+ is a diff]5t
 ?+ f do+2 we are to consid] ! s]mon    
ap>t & ! prea*] ap>t4  ,^! m5 l5t       
!mselves to a pretty bus9ess :o 9 our   
times h attempt$ to %ake ! tru? ( our   
,*ur* by ! vices ( h] m9i/]s2 %e        
extracts h] te/imony else:]e2 'tis a    
fooli% way ( argu+ & t w\ld ?r[ all ?+s 
into confusion4 ,a man ^: morals are    
good may h false op9ions1 & a wick$ man 
may prea* tru?1 ev5 ?\gh he believe x n 
himself4  ',tis d\btless a f9e h>mony :5
 do+ & say+ g toge!r2 & ,i w n d5y b t  
say+1 :5 ! actions foll[1 is n ( great] 
au?ority & efficacy1 z ,eudamidas said1 
he>+ a philosoph] talk ( milit>y        
affairs3 ,^! ?+s are f9ely said1 b he :o
 speaks !m is n to be believ$ = 8 e>s h 
nev] be5 us$ to ! s\nd ( ! trumpet4  ,& 
,cleom5es1 he>+ an orator declaim+ ^u   
val\r1 bur/ out into laught]1 at :i* !  

o!r be+ angry2 ,i %\ld1 said he to him1 
d ! same if x 7 a swall[ t spoke ( ?is  
subject2 b if x 7 an eagle ,i %\ld      
will+ly he> him4  ,i p]ceive1 me?9ks1 9 
! writ+s ( ! anci5ts1 t he :o speaks :at
 he ?9ks1 /rikes mu* m home ?an he :o   
only feigns4  ,he> ,cic]o speak ( ! love
 ( lib]ty3 he> ,brutus speak ( x1 ! m]e 
writt5 words ( ?is man s\nd z if he w\ld
 pur*ase x at ! price ( 8 life4  ,let   
,cic]o1 ! fa!r ( eloqu5ce1 treat ( !    
contempt ( dea?2 let ,s5eca d ! same3 ! 
fir/ langui%+ly drawls x out s y p]ceive
 he w\ld make y resolve ^u a ?+ on :i*  
he is n resolv$ himself2 he inspires y n
 ) c\rage1 = he himself has none2 ! o!r 
animates & inflames y4  ,i nev] read an 
au?or1 ev5 ( ^? :o treat ( virtue & (   
actions1 t ,i d n curi\sly inquire :at  
k9d ( a man he 0 himself2 = ! ,ephori at
 ,sp>ta1 see+ a dissolute fell[ propose 
a :olesome advice to ! p1 comm&$ him to 
hold 8 peace1 & entreat$ a virtu\s man  
to attribute to himself ! inv5tion1 & to
 propose x4  ,plut>*'s writ+s1 if well  

und]/ood1 suffici5tly bespeak _! au?or1 
& s t ,i ?9k ,i "k him ev5 into 8 s\l2 &
 yet ,i c\ld wi% t we _h "s full] acc\nt
 ( 8 life4  ,& ,i am ?us f> w&]$ f my   
subject1 ^u ! acc\nt ( ! obligation ,i h
 to ,aulus ,gellius1 = hav+ left u 9    
writ+ ?is /ory ( 8 mann]s1 t br+s me    
back to my subject ( ang]4 ,a slave ( 81
 a vici\s1 ill-condition$ fell[1 b :o _h
 ! precepts ( philosophy (t5 r++ 9 8    
e>s1 hav+ = "s (f5ce ( 8 be5 /ript by   
,plut>*'s comm&1 :il/ he 0 be+ :ipp$1   
mutt]$ at fir/1 t x 0 )\t cause & t he  
_h done no?+ to des]ve x2 b at la/ fall+
 9 good e>ne/ to exclaim aga9/ & rail at
 8 ma/]1 he reproa*$ him t he 0 no      
philosoph]1 z he _h boa/$ himself to be3
 t he _h (t5 he>d him say x 0 indec5t to
 be angry1 nay1 _h writt5 a book to t   
purpose2 & t ! caus+ him to be s cruelly
 beat51 9 ! height ( 8 rage1 totally    
gave ! lie to all 8 writ+s2 to :i*      
,plut>* calmly & coldly answ]$1 ,h[1    
ruffian1 said he1 by :at do/ ?\ judge t 
,i am n[ angry8  ,does ei!r my face1 my 

col\r1 or my voice give any manife/ation
 ( my be+ mov$8  ,i d n ?9k my eyes look
 fi]ce1 t my c\nt5ance appe>s tr\bl$1 or
 t my voice is dreadful3 am ,i r$1 d ,i 
foam1 does any ^w escape my lips ,i     
ought to rep5t8  ,d ,i />t8  ,d ,i      
tremble ) fury8  ,= ^?1 ,i tell !e1 are 
! true signs ( ang]4  ,& s1 turn+ to !  
fell[ t 0 :ipp+ him1 ,ply on ?y "w1 said
 he1 :il/ ?is g5tleman & ,i dispute4    
,?is is 8 /ory4  ,ar*ytas ,t>5t9us1     
return+ f a w> :]e9 he _h be5           
capta9-g5]al1 f\nd all ?+s 9 8 h\se 9 v 
great disord]1 & 8 l&s q out ( tillage1 
?r\gh ! ill husb&ry ( 8 receiv]1 & hav+ 
caus$ him to be call$ to him2 ,g1 said  
he1 if ,i 7 n 9 ang] ,i w\ld s\ndly drub
 y\r sides4  ,plato likewise1 be+ highly
 (f5d$ ) "o ( 8 slaves1 gave ,speusippus
 ord] to *a/ise him1 excus+ himself f   
do+ x because he 0 9 ang]4 ,& ,c>illus1 
a ,lac$aemonian1 to a ,helot1 :o c>ri$  
himself insol5tly t[>ds him3 ,by ! gods1
 said he1 if ,i 0 n angry1 ,i w\ld      
imm$iately cause !e to be put to dea?4  

',tis a passion t is pleas$ ) & flatt]s 
itself4  ,h[ (t51 be+ mov$ "u a false   
cause1 if ! p]son (f5d+ makes a good    
def5ce & pres5ts u ) a j excuse1 are we 
angry aga9/ tru? & innoc5ce itself8  ,9 
pro( ( :i*1 ,i rememb] a m>vell\s       
example ( antiquity4  ,piso1 o!rwise a  
man ( v em95t virtue1 be+ mov$ aga9/ a  
soldi] ( 81 = t return+ alone f =age he 
c\ld give him no acc\nt :]e he _h left a
 companion ( 81 took x = grant$ t he _h 
kill$ him1 & pres5tly condemn$ him to   
dea?4  ,he 0 no soon] m\nt$ ^u ! gibbet1
 b1 behold1 8 w&]+ companion arrives1 at
 :i* all ! army 7 exce$+ly glad1 & aft] 
_m embraces ( ! two comrades1 ! hangman 
c>ri$ bo? ! "o & ! o!r into ,piso's     
pres5ce1 all ^? pres5t believ+ x w\ld be
 a great pleasure ev5 to himself2 b x   
prov$ q contr>y2 = ?r\gh %ame & spite1 8
 fury1 :i* 0 n yet cool1 r$\bl$2 & by a 
subtlety :i* 8 passion sudd5ly sugge/$  
to him1 he made ?ree crim9als = hav+    
f\nd "o innoc5t1 & caus$ !m all to be   
despat*$3 ! fir/ soldi]1 because s5t5ce 

_h pass$ ^u him2 ! second1 :o _h lo/ 8  
way1 because he 0 ! cause ( 8           
companion's dea?2 & ! hangman1 = n hav+ 
obey$ ! ord] :i* _h be5 giv5 him4 ,su* z
 h _h to d ) te/y & ob/9ate wom51 may h 
exp]im5t$ into :at a rage x puts !m to  
oppose sil5ce & coldness to _! fury1 & t
 a man disda9s to n\ri% _! ang]4  ,!    
orator ,celius 0 wond]fully *ol]ic by   
nature2 & to "o :o supp$ 9 8 company1 a 
man ( a g5tle & sweet conv]sation1 & :o1
 t he might n move him1 approv$ &       
cons5t$ to all he said2 he1 impati5t t 8
 ill-hum\r %\ld ?us sp5d itself )\t     
alim5t3 ,= ! love ( ! gods d5y me       
some?+1 said he1 t we may be two4       
,wom51 9 l mann]1 are only angry t o!rs 
may be angry aga91 9 imitation ( ! laws 
( love4  ,phocion1 to "o :o int]rupt$ 8 
speak+ by injuri\s & v opprobri\s words1
 made no o!r return ?an sil5ce1 & to    
give him full lib]ty & leisure to v5t 8 
sple52 :i* he hav+ accord+ly done1 & !  
/orm bl[n ov]1 )\t any m5tion ( ?is     
di/urbance1 he proce$$ 9 8 disc\rse :]e 

he _h left (f be=e4  ,no answ] c nettle 
a man l su* a contempt4  ,( ! mo/ *ol]ic
 man 9 ,france 7ang] is always an       
imp]fection1 b m excusable 91 a soldi]1 
= 9 t trade x _c sometimes be avoid$7 ,i
 (t5 say1 t he is ! mo/ pati5t man t ,i 
"k1 & ! mo/ discreet 9 bridl+ 8         
passions2 :i* rise 9 him ) s great      
viol5ce & fury1                         
,magno veluti cum flamma sonore         
,virgea sugg]itur co/is undantis ahem1  
,exsultantque aatu latices1 furit intus 
aquae vis4           ,fumidus atque alte
 spumis exub]at amnis1           ,nec   
jam se capit unda2 volat vapor at] ad   
auras2       ,:5 ) l\d crackl+ noise1 a 
fire ( /icks is appli$ to !      boil+  
caldron's side1 by ! heat 9 frisky bells
 ! liquor      dances2 )9 ! wat] rages1 
& high ! smoky fluid 9 foam             
ov]fl[s4  ,nor c ! wave n[ conta9       
itself2 ! black /eam      flies all     
abroad4--,a,eneid1 vii4 #dfb4   t he mu/
 ( necessity cruelly con/ra9 himself to 
mod]ate x4  ,& = my "p1 ,i "k no passion

 :i* ,i c\ld ) s mu* viol5ce to myself  
attempt to cov] & conceal2 ,i w\ld n set
 wisdom at s high a price2 & d n s mu*  
consid] :at a man does1 z h[ mu* x co/s 
him to d no worse4  ,ano!r boa/$ himself
 to me ( ! regul>ity & g5tl5ess ( 8     
mann]s1 :i* are to tru? v s+ul>2 to :om 
,i repli$1 t x 0 inde$ some?+1          
especially m p]sons ( s em95t a quality 
z himself1 ^u :om e "o _h _! eyes1 to   
pres5t himself always well-temp]$ to !  
_w2 b t ! pr9cipal ?+ 0 to make         
provision = )9 & = himself2 & t x 0 n 9 
my op9ion v well to ord] 8 bus9ess      
outw>dly well1 & to grate himself )91   
:i* ,i 0 afraid he did1 9 putt+ on &    
ma9ta9+ ?is mask & ext]nal appe>ance4   
,a man incorporates ang] by conceal+ x1 
z ,diog5es told ,demo/h5es1 :o1 = fe> ( 
be+ se5 9 a tav]n1 )drew himself ! m    
retir$ly into x3 ,! m y retire backw>d1 
! f>!r y ent] 94  ,i w\ld r advise t a  
man %\ld give 8 s]vant a box ( ! e> a   
little unseasonably1 ?an rack 8 fancy to
 pres5t ?is grave & compos$ c\nt5ance2 &

 _h r discov] my passions ?an brood ov] 
!m at my own exp5se2 !y gr[ less inv5t+ 
& manife/+ !mselves2 & 'tis mu* bett] _!
 po9t %\ld w\nd o!rs )\t1 ?an be turn$  
t[>ds ourselves )93       ,omnia vitia 9
 ap]to leviora sunt3 et tunc            
p]niciosissima1      quum simulata      
sanitate subsid5t4       ,all vices are 
less dang]\s :5 op5 to be se51 & !n mo/ 
p]nici\s :5 !y lurk "u a dissembl$ good 
nature4      --,s5eca1 ,ep4 #ef  ,i     
admoni% all ^? :o h au?ority to be angry
 9 my family1 9 ! fir/ place to manage  
_! ang] & n to lavi% x ^u e occasion1 = 
t bo? less5s ! value & h9d]s ! effect3  
ra% & incessant scold+ runs into cu/om1 
& r5d]s itself despis$2 & :at y lay out 
^u a s]vant = a !ft is n felt1 because x
 is ! same he has se5 y a hundr$ times  
employ aga9/ him = hav+ ill wa%$ a      
glass1 or set a /ool out ( place4       
,secondly1 t !y be n angry to no        
purpose1 b make sure t _! repreh5sion   
rea* him ) :om !y are (f5d$2 =1         
ord9>ily1 !y rail & bawl be=e he comes  

into _! pres5ce1 & cont9ue scold+ an age
 aft] he is gone3                 ,et   
secum petulans am5tia c]tat3            
,& petulant madness cont5ds ) itself4   
--,claudian 9 ,eutrop41 i4 #bcg4  !y    
attack 8 %ad[1 & drive ! /orm 9 a place 
:]e no "o is ei!r *a/is$ or conc]n$1 b 9
 ! clam\r ( _! voice4 ,i likewise 9     
qu>rels condemn ^? :o huff & vap\r )\t  
an enemy3 ^? rhodomontades %\ld be      
res]v$ to dis*>ge ^u ! (f5d+ p>ty3      
,mugitus veluti cum prima 9 praelia     
taurus           ,t]rificos ciet1 atque 
irasci 9 cornua t5tat1                  
,arboris obnixus trunco1 v5tospue       
lacessit           ,ictibus1 et sp>sa ad
 pugnum proludit ar5a4       ,z :5 a    
bull to u%] 9 ! fight1 makes dreadful   
bell[+s1      & :ets 8 horns aga9/ !    
trunk ( a tree2 ) bl[s he beats      !  
air1 & rehe>ses ! fight by scatt]+ ! s&4
      --,a,eneid1 xii4 #ajc4  ,:5 ,i am 
angry1 my ang] is v %>p b )al v %ort1 & 
z private z ,i c2 ,i lose myself inde$ 9
 promptness & viol5ce1 b n 9 tr\ble2 s t

 ,i ?r[ out all sorts ( injuri\s words  
at r&om1 & )\t *oice1 & nev] consid]    
p]t95tly to d>t my language :]e ,i ?9k x
 w deepe/ w\nd1 = ,i commonly make use (
 no o!r weapon ?an my tongue4  ,my      
s]vants h a bett] b>ga9 ( me 9 great    
occasions ?an 9 little2 ! little ones   
surprise me2 & ! mis=tune is1 t :5 y are
 once ^u ! precipice1 'tis no matt] :o  
gave y ! pu%1 y always g to ! bottom2 ! 
fall urges1 moves1 & makes ha/e (       
itself4  ,9 great occasions ?is         
satisfies me1 t !y are s j e "o expects 
a reasonable indignation1 & !n ,i       
glorify myself 9 deceiv+ _! expectation2
 aga9/ ^!1 ,i =tify & prep>e myself2 !y 
di/urb my head1 & ?reat5 to transport me
 v f>1 %\ld ,i foll[ !m4  ,i c easily   
conta9 myself f ent]+ into "o ( ^!      
passions1 & am /rong en\gh1 :5 ,i expect
 !m1 to repel _! viol5ce1 be ! cause    
nev] s great2 b if a passion once       
prepossess & seize me1 x c>ries me away1
 be ! cause nev] s small4  ,i b>ga9 ?us 
) ^? :o may cont5d ) me :5 y see me mov$

 fir/1 let me alone1 "r or wrong2 ,i'll 
d ! same = y4  ,! /orm is only begot by 
a concurr5ce ( ang]s1 :i* easily spr+ f 
"o ano!r1 & are n born toge!r4  ,let e  
"o h 8 own way1 & we %all be always at  
peace4  ,a pr(itable advice1 b h>d to   
execute4  ,sometimes also x falls out t 
,i put on a seem+ ang]1 = ! bett] gov]n+
 ( my h\se1 )\t any real emotion4  ,z   
age r5d]s my hum\rs m %>p1 ,i /udy to   
oppose !m1 & w1 if ,i c1 ord] x s1 t = !
 future ,i may be s mu* ! less peevi% & 
h>d to please1 z ,i h m excuse &        
incl9ation to be s1 al?\gh ,i h h]et(ore
 be5 reckon$ among/ ^? :o h ! greate/   
pati5ce4  ,a ^w m to conclude ?is       
argum5t4  ,ari/otle says1 t ang]        
sometimes s]ves = arms to virtue &      
val\r4  ,t is probable2 nev]!less1 !y :o
 contradict him  pleasantly answ]1 t    
'tis a weapon ( novel use1 = we move all
 o!r arms1 ?is moves u2 our h& guides x 
n1 'tis x t guides our h&2 x holds u1 we
 hold n x4          ,,etext ,,editor',s 
,,bookm>ks3       ,a man may always     

/udy1 b he mu/ n always g to s*ool      
,accurs$ be ?\1 z he t arms himself =   
fe> ( dea?      ,all ?+s h _! seasons1  
ev5 good ones      ,all ^? :o h au?ority
 to be angry 9 my family      ,an       
emp]or1 said he1 mu/ die /&+            
,anci5t ,romans kept _! y\? always /&+  
at s*ool      ,& we suff] ! ills ( a    
long peace      ,be n angry to no       
purpose      ,be/ virtue ,i h has 9 x "s
 t9cture ( vice      ,by res5t+ ! lie we
 acquit ourselves ( ! fault      ,by !  
gods1 said he1 if ,i 0 n angry1 ,i w\ld 
execute y      ,*ildr5 are amus$ ) toys 
& m5 ) words      ,cons5t1 & complac5cy 
9 giv+ a man's self up to melan*oly     
,def5d mo/ ! defects ) :i* we are mo/   
ta9t$      ,emp]or ,julian1 surnam$ !   
,apo/ate      ,=tune sometimes seems to 
delight 9 tak+ u at our ^w      ,greate/
 talk]s1 = ! mo/ "p1 d no?+ to purpose  
,h m :]e) to defray my j\rney1 ?an ,i h 
way to g      ,he>+ a philosoph] talk ( 
milit>y affairs      ,h[ mu* x co/s him 
to d no worse      ,i ne$ n seek a fool 

f af>2 ,i c laugh at myself             
,idl5ess1 ! "m ( corruption      ,if a  
passion once prepossess & seize me1 x   
c>ries me away      ,9 sorr[ !re is "s  
mixture ( pleasure      ,kill+ is good  
to fru/rate an (f5ce to come1 n to      
rev5ge      ,laws _c subsi/ )\t mixture 
( inju/ice      ,lea/ end ( a hair w    
s]ve to draw !m into my disc\rse        
,let u n seek our disease out (         
ourselves2 'tis 9 u      ,look on dea? n
 only )\t a/oni%m5t b )\t c>e           
,melan*oly3 ,are !re n "s con/itutions t
 fe$ ^u x8      ,mo/ cruel p1 & ^u      
frivol\s occasions1 apt to cry4      ,no
 bea/ 9 ! _w s mu* to be fe>$ by man z  
man      ,our extreme/ pleasure has "s  
sort ( groan+      ,our fancy does :at x
 w1 bo? ) itself & u      ,owe ourselves
 *iefly & mo/ly to ourselves            
,petulant madness cont5ds ) itself      
,rage x puts !m to oppose sil5ce &      
coldness to _! fury      ,ra% &         
incessant scold+ runs into cu/om        
,rev5ge1 :i* aft]w>ds produces a s]ies (

 new cruelties      ,see h[ flexible our
 reason is      ,seem+ ang]1 = ! bett]  
gov]n+ ( my h\se      ,%ake ! tru? ( our
 ,*ur* by ! vices ( h] m9i/]s      ,take
 my la/ leave ( e place ,i dep>t f      
,! gods sell u all ! goods !y give u    
,! /orm is only begot by a concurr5ce ( 
ang]s      ,?\gh nobody %\ld read me1 h 
,i wa/$ "t      ,tis said ( ,epim5ides1 
t he always prophesi$ backw>d      ,tis 
!n no long] correction1 b rev5ge        
,^u ! precipice1 'tis no matt] :o gave y
 ! pu%      ,:5 w ?is man be wise1 said 
he1 if he is yet le>n+8      ,:5 y see  
me mov$ fir/1 let me alone1 "r or wrong 
,"y are to make _! prep>ations1 ! old to
 enjoy !m