,illu/ration3 ,,david ,,l[ ,,dodge ,,w> ,,inconsi/5t ,,) ,,! ,,religion ,,( ,,jesus ,,*ri/ ,,by ,,david ,,l[ ,,dodge ,,) ,,an ,,introduction ,,by ,,edw9 ,d4 ,,mead ,,publi%$ ,,= ,,! ,,int]national ,,union ,,g9n ,,company1 ,,bo/on #aije ,,copyright1 #aije1 ,,by ,,! ,,int]national ,,union ,,all ,,rights ,,res]v$ #ee4h ,,cont5ts ,,page ,,introduction vii ,,w> ,,inconsi/5t ,,) ,,! ,,religion ,,( ,,jesus ,,*ri/ #a ,,w> ,,is ,,inhuman3 ,i4 ,because x h>d5s ! he>t & blunts ! t5d] feel+s ( mank9d #b ,,ii4 ,w> is inhuman1 z 9 its nature & t5d5cy x abuses ,god's animal creation #f ,,iii4 ,w> is inhuman1 z x oppresses ! poor #h ,,iv4 ,w> is inhuman1 z x spreads t]ror & di/ress among mank9d #ab ,v4 ,w> is inhuman1 z x involves m5 9 fatigue1 fam9e1 & all ! pa9s ( mutilat$ bodies #ad ,,vi4 ,w> is inhuman1 z x de/roys ! y\? & cuts (f ! hope ( gray hairs #af ,,vii4 ,w> is inhuman1 z x multiplies wid[s & orphans1 & clo!s ! l& 9 m\rn+ #ah ,,w> ,,is ,,unwise3 ,i4 ,because1 in/ead ( prev5t+1 x provokes insult & mis*ief #bc ,,ii4 ,w> is unwise1 = in/ead ( dim9i%+1 x increases difficulties #bf ,,iii4 ,w> is unwise1 because x de/roys prop]ty #bh ,,iv4 ,w> is unwise1 z x is dang]\s to ! lib]ties ( m5 #cj ,v4 ,w> is unwise1 z x dim9i%es ! happ9ess ( mank9d #cd ,,vi4 ,w> is unwise1 z x does n m5d1 b injures1 ! morals ( society #cf ,,vii4 ,w> is unwise1 z x is haz>d+ et]nal ?+s = only ! *ance ( def5d+ temporal ?+s #db ,,viii4 ,w> is unwise1 z x does n answ] ! pr(ess$ end = :i* x is int5d$ #dd ,,w> ,,is ,,crim9al3 ,i4 ,go+ to w> is n keep+ f ! appe>ance ( evil1 b is runn+ into temptation #dg ,,ii4 ,w> is crim9al1 z x naturally inflames ! pride ( man #di ,,iii4 ,w> necess>ily infr+es on ! consci5ces ( m51 & !re=e is crim9al #eb ,,iv4 ,w> is crim9al1 z x is oppos$ to pati5t suff]+ "u unju/ & cruel treatm5t #ef ,v4 ,w> is crim9al1 z x is n do+ to o!rs z we %\ld wi% !m to d to u #fj ,,vi4 ,w> is inconsi/5t ) m]cy1 & is !re=e crim9al #fa ,,vii4 ,w> is crim9al1 z ! practice ( x is inconsi/5t ) =giv+ trespasses z we wi% to be =giv5 by ! f9al judge #fc ,,viii4 ,engag+ 9 w> is n manife/+ love to enemies or return+ good = evil #fd ,,ix4 ,w> is crim9al1 because x is actually r5d]+ evil = evil #fg ,x4 ,w> is crim9al1 z x is actually do+ evil t good may come2 & ?is is ! be/ apology t c be made = x #ga ,,xi4 ,w> is oppos$ to ! example ( ! ,son ( ,god1 & is !re=e crim9al #gb ,,objections ,,answ]$ #gg ,,hymn #aba ,,! ,,m$iator',s ,,k+dom ,,n ,,( ,,?is ,,_w3 ,,b ,,spiritual #abc ,,introduction ,to ,david ,l[ ,dodge ( ,new ,york belongs ! high honor ( hav+ writt5 ! fir/ pamphlets publi%$ 9 ,am]ica direct$ expressly aga9/ ! w> sy/em ( nations1 & ( hav+ f\nd$ ! fir/ peace society ev] organiz$ 9 ,am]ica or 9 ! _w4 ,8 fir/ pamphlet1 ,! ,m$iator's ,k+dom n ( ?is ,_w1 0 publi%$ 9 #ahji4 ,8 second & m important pamphlet1 ,w> ,inconsi/5t ) ! ,religion ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 0 prep>$ = ! press 9 #ahab4 ,?is 0 two ye>s be=e ! publication ( ,noah ,worce/]'s ,solemn ,review ( ! ,cu/om ( ,w>1 :i* 0 issu$ 9 ,bo/on on ,*ri/mas ,day1 #ahad4 ,e>ly 9 #ahab ,mr4 ,dodge & 8 fri5ds 9 ,new ,york delib]at$ on ! exp$i5cy ( =m+ a peace society2 b on acc\nt ( ! excitem5t att5d+ ! w> ) ,great ,brita9 ?is 0 po/pon$ until #ahae4 ,9 ,augu/ ( t ye> ! ,new ,york ,peace ,society1 ! fir/ 9 ! _w1 0 organiz$1 ) ,mr4 ,dodge z its presid5t4 ,?is 0 f\r mon?s be=e ! organization ( ! ,massa*usetts ,peace ,society 7,decemb] #bf1 #ahae7 "u ! lead]%ip ( ,noah ,worce/]1 & ne>ly a ye> be=e ! ,engli% ,peace ,society1 ! fir/ 9 ,europe1 0 =m$ 7,june #ad1 #ahaf7 9 ,london4 ,! preem95t hi/orical int]e/ atta*+ to ,mr4 ,dodge's pione]+ "w 9 ! peace cause 9 ?is c\ntry w\ld alone ju/ify & inde$ seem to comm& ! republication ( 8 pamphlets at ?is "t1 :5 ! great ideas = :i* he s c\rage\sly & prophetically /ood are at la/ w9n+ ! g5]al recognition ( humane & ?\ghtful m54 ,b x is n m]ely hi/orical int]e/ :i* w>rants a revival ( att5tion to ^! almo/ =gott5 pap]s4 ,_! intr9sic p[] & wor? are su* z make _! read+1 especially t ( ! second essay1 ,w> ,inconsi/5t ) ! ,religion ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 :i* /&s fir/ 9 ! pres5t volume1 edify+ & inspir+ to-day4 ,m>k$ by few lit]>y graces & ca/ 9 a !ological mold :i* ! critical ?\ght ( ! pres5t has 9 l>ge measure outgr[n1 !re is a =ce ( ?\ght1 a moral e>ne/ness1 a p]sev]+ logic1 a common s5se1 a hatr$ ( inhumanity1 a passion = ju/ice1 a p5etration & a virtue 9 !m1 :i* comm5ds !m to ! abid+ & rev]5t reg>d ( all :o "w = ! peace & ord] ( ! _w4 ,among su* work]s to-day are m5 ( v>i\s political philosophies1 & p]haps only a small m9ority are nonresi/ants ( ! extreme type ( ,david ,l4 ,dodge2 b to t m9ority1 we _c fail to rem>k1 belongs ! greate/ & mo/ influ5tial ( all ! peace prophets ( ?is "t1 ,leo ,tol/oi4 ,none c read ^! old essays )\t be+ impress$ by ! fact t _! argum5ts are ess5tially ! same z ^? ( ! great ,russian4 ,!re is little inde$ ( ! ,tol/oian ?und] & lightn+1 ! pa?os1 wra?1 & rhetoric1 ! poetry & prophecy1 9 ^! old-fa%ion$ pages2 b ! doctr9e is ! same z t ( ,be?9k ,y\rselves6 & ,patriotism v]sus ,*ri/ianity4 ,9 8 c5tral ?\ght & purpose1 9 8 religi\s tru/ & reliance ^u ! ,*ri/ian pr9ciple1 ! ,new ,york m]*ant 0 a ,tol/oi a hundr$ ye>s be=e 8 "t4 ,david ,l[ ,dodge 0 born ,june #ad1 #aggd1 9 t "p ( ,pomfret1 ,connecticut1 n[ call$ ,brooklyn4 ,?is 0 ! home ( ,israel ,putnam2 & ,david ,dodge's fa!r1 a f>m] & c>p5t]1 0 ,putnam's neighbor & fri5d1--may well h be5 ne> him :5 9 ,april1 #agge1 ^u he>+ ( ! battle ( ,lex+ton1 he left 8 pl[ 9 ! furr[ & />t$ to jo9 ! =ces ga!r+ at ,cambridge4 ,david ,dodge's fa!r1 gr&fa!r1 & great-gr&fa!r ea* bore ! "n ( ,david ,dodge4 ,! great-gr&fa!r 0 a ,congregational m9i/]1 :o 0 und]/ood to h come f ,wales1--a le>n$ & weal?y man1 :o 0 = a :ile settl$ 9 ! vic9ity ( ,cape ,ann 9 ,massa*usetts4 ,! gr&fa!r1 :o also receiv$ a lib]al education1 probably 9 ,engl&1 came into ! possession ( 8 fa!r's e/ate1 = t day a l>ge "o1 & we are n in=m$ :e!r he foll[$ any pr(ession or regul> bus9ess4 ,he 0 a man fully six feet tall1 ( great muscul> p[]1 & a lov] ( good horses1 on :i* he sp5t mu* "t & money4 ,he m>ri$ ,ann ,l[1 f a weal?y ,massa*usetts family1 & settl$ 9 ,bev]ly1 :]e _! sons ,david & ,samuel 7 born1 & :]e ! family =tunes became mu* emb>rass$4 ,ab\t #ageg ! family remov$ to ,pomfret1 ,connecticut1 & ! boys1 ^: education at ! h&s ( _! "m _h be5 b slight1 7 appr5tic$1 ,david to a c>p5t] & ,samuel to a %oemak]4 ,_! fa!r1 obta9+ at ?is "t a commission 9 ! army invad+ ,canada1 met 8 dea? 9 a bateau :i* attempt$ to desc5d ! falls ( ! ,oswego & 0 da%$ to pieces on ! rocks ) ! loss ( e s\l on bo>d4 ,david ,l[ ,dodge's "m1 :5 a girl1 0 ,m>y ,/u>t1 & :5 %e m>ri$ 8 fa!r1 9 #agfh1 0 a wid[ be>+ ! "n ( ,e>l4 ,! "y husb& hir$ a small f>m1 ! wife by h] indu/ry & economy _h furniture suffici5t to beg9 h\sekeep+1 & ! little home 0 f\nd$ 9 :i* ,david ,l[ ,dodge's only si/] ,m>y 0 born 9 #aggj4 ,?ree ye>s lat] ! fa!r hir$ a m exp5sive place 9 ! same t[n1 :]e ! boy 0 born 9 #aggd4 ,dur+ t ye>1 he writes 9 8 autobiography1 my fa!r became s]i\s1 & comm5c$ family pray]4 ,he 0 educat$ 9 ! old semi-,arm9ian views ( 8 "m & ! halfway cov5ant4 ,my "m 0 a rigid ,calv9i/ ( ! ,:itefield s*ool4 ,nei!r ( !m ev] made a public pr(ession ( religion1 b !y 7 c>eful to obs]ve ext]nal ord9ances1 cate*ize _! *ildr51 & give religi\s in/ruction4 ,!y 7 hone/1 indu/ri\s1 temp]ate1 k9d-he>t$ p1 univ]sally respect$ & e/eem$ by all :o 7 acqua9t$ ) !m4 ,su* 0 ! atmosph]e 9 :i* ! boy grew up4 ,! ,am]ican ,revolution at ?is p]iod 0 convuls+ ! :ole c\ntry1 draft+ & enli/+ soldi]s4 ,wagons 7 ne$$ = ! army1 & by ! advice ( ! ,putnams1 ! old g5]al & 8 son ,israel1 :o 0 ab\t two ye>s y\ng] ?an my fa!r1 he 0 induc$ to engage 9 ! manufacture ( cont95tal wagons4 ,he hir$ a conv5i5t place = c>p5t]s & blacksmi?s1 took sev]al j\rneym5 into ! family1 & emb>k$ all 8 e>n+s 9 ! bus9ess4 ,! boy's half-bro!rs1 ,william & ,jesse ,e>l1 ent]$ ! army at ! t5d] ages ( f\rte5 & sixte51 endur$ battles1 sickness1 & e privation1 & bo? di$ t[>ds ! close ( ! w>1 ! ev5t almo/ wreck+ ! n]v\s sy/em ( ! "m1 a woman ( acute s5sibility4 ,?us e>ly 7 ! horrors ( w> br\ght p]sonally home to ! boy4 ,he rememb]$ he>+ ! di/ant cannonad+ :5 ,new ,london 0 burn$ by ! ,briti%1 & ! exclamation ( ! man beside him1 ,blood is fl[+ to-day4 ,news came ! next morn+ t ! =ts 7 /orm$1 ! g>risons put to ! sword1 ,new ,london burnt1 & ! ,briti% 7 m>*+ ^u ,norwi*1 & w\ld proce$ up into ! c\ntry4 ,my "m wrung h] h&s1 & ask$ my fa!r if we _h n bett] pack up "s ?+s to secrete !m4 ,! boy's education 0 slight & fragm5t>y4 ,! summ] he 0 six ye>s old he att5d$ ! s*ool ( a v5]able ,iri% maid5 lady ab\t sixty ye>s ( age1 le>n+ ,watts' ,div9e ,songs1 texts ( ,scripture1 & ! ,%ort] ,cate*ism4 ,f ! age ( sev5 to f\rte5--! family n[ liv+ on a f>m 9 ! neighbor+ t[n ( ,hampton--he att5d$ ! di/rict s*ool = two t]ms ea* w9t]1 hav+ no access to any o!r books ?an ! prim]1 spell+ book1 ari?metic1 & ,bible4 ,i us$ (t51 :5 n at "w 9 ! %op ev5+s1 to retire to ! old kit*5 fireplace1 put my lamp into ! ov51 &1 sitt+ ) my back aga9/ x1 take my ari?metic1 slate1 & p5cil1 & try to ciph] a little4 ,i (t5 ?9k h[ ,i %\ld h be5 delight$ to h _h "o fif? "p ( ! advantages enjoy$ by mo/ ( my desc5dants4 ,conf9$ to ! h\se = sev5 weeks a little lat] z ! result ( accid5ts1 he turn$ hungrily to su* books z he c\ld secure--,dilwor?'s ,ari?metic1 ,web/]'s ,abridg$ ,gramm>1 & ,salmon's ,univ]sal ,engli% ,geography4 ,?is op5$ a new & a/oni%+ field to me = contemplation4 ,i n[ obta9$ ! fir/ glimpse ( ! b\nd>ies ( l& & wat]1 ( ! l(ty m\nta9s1 & ( ! mighty riv]s :i* _h cut _! *annels ?r\gh ! e>?4 ,i read & survey$ ! maps & m$itat$ ^u !m until ,i began to lecture to my "y companions1 & 0 consid]$ q le>n$ 9 geography4 ,hav+ an object 9 view1 ,i began to ?ir/ = k1 & succe$$ 9 borr[+ 9 succession ,! ,travels ( ,cyrus1 ,x]xes' ,exp$ition into ,greece1 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,alex&] ! ,great1 & ,hannibal's ,invasion ( ,rome4 ,he propos$ & br\ght ab\t ! =mation ( a society ( "y m5 9 ! t[n1 = ! improvem5t ( m9ds & mann]s4 ,!re 7 f\rte5 "y m51 ) an equal numb] ( "y wom5 pres5tly add$1 ea* furni%+ a useful book z ! beg9n+ ( a libr>y4 ,we obta9$ "s ( ! ,briti% classics1 su* z ! ,spectator1 ,gu>dian1 etc41 ) a few hi/ories2 ! subjects =m$ a f\ndation = conv]sation :5 we met toge!r4 ,n[ ! "y man's ambition turn$ f f>m+ to s*ool-tea*+4 ,he began ) di/rict s*ools1 becom+ a successful tea*] f ! />t1 prosecut+ 8 own /udies assidu\sly 9 e leisure h\r1 fir$ ) a desire to improve ! s*ools1 :i* 7 ev]y:]e z wret*$ z c well be imag9$4 ,= "s mon?s 9 #agie he left tea*+ to jo9 o!r "y m5 9 build+ a bridge at ,tiv]ton1 ,rhode ,isl&4 ,!n he att5d$ ! academy at ,nor? ,cant]bury1 ,connecticut1 "u ! *>ge ( ! em95t tea*]1 ,john ,adams4 ,?is 0 ! only opportunity ,i ev] enjoy$ ( att5d+ a good s*ool1 & ?is 0 abridg$ to fulfill my engagem5t to tea* ! t[n s*ool 9 ,mansfield4 ,9 #agif he op5$ a private s*ool 9 ,norwi*1 add+ ! next ye> a morn+ s*ool = "y ladies & an ev5+ s*ool = appr5tices & cl]ks1 all ( :i* fl\ri%$4 ,dur+ ?is "t he 0 pr(\ndly int]e/$ 9 religi\s matt]s1 att5d+ _m revivals & becom+ m & m conc]n$ ) moral & social problems4 ,n[1 too1 he m>ri$1 8 wife be+ a daught] ( ,a>on ,clevel& ( ,norwi*1 a /rong "*1 aft]w>ds a cl]gyman1 ^: "n y w f9d enroll$ among ! poets ( ,connecticut1 & :o z e>ly z #agge publi%$ a poem on slav]y1 :i*1 condemn+ slav]y z :olly anti*ri/ian1 attract$ a good deal ( notice4 ,he 0 ! fir/ man 9 ,connecticut to arraign slav]y publicly4 ,elect$ to ! ,g5]al ,assembly f ,norwi* on t issue1 he introduc$ a bill 9 behalf ( emancipation4 ,) heal? some:at impair$ & ) family c>es increas+1 ,david ,dodge n[ turn$ f tea*+ to trade4 ,fir/ x 0 z a cl]k 9 ,norwi*1 !n z a p>tn] 9 a g5]al /ore1 !n z head ( v>i\s dry goods e/abli%m5ts 9 ,h>t=d & o!r ,connecticut t[ns1 always & ev]y:]e successful4 ,9 #ahje ,messrs4 ,s4 & ,h4 ,higg9son ( ,bo/on1 c\s9s ( 8 wife1 a firm ( high /&+ & l>ge capital1 made him a proposition to ent] into a cop>tn]%ip ) a view to e/abli%+ an ext5sive import+ & jobb+ /ore 9 ! city ( ,new ,york2 & he accept$ ! proposition1 go+ to ,new ,york ! next ye> to take *>ge ( ! conc]n 9 t city4 ,he took a /ore 9 ,pe>l ,/reet1 & ! ye> aft]w>ds ! family took possession ( ! h\se connect$ ) ! /ore1 /ill res]v+ ! h\se 9 ,h>t=d z a retreat 9 case ( yell[ fev] 9 ,new ,york4 ,f ?is "t until 8 dea?1 ,april #bc1 #aheb1 ,new ,york 01 ) occasional int]ruptions1 8 home & ! c5t] ( 8 v>i$ & ev] enl>g+ activities4 ,j be=e ! outbreak ( ! w> ) ,engl& 8 p>tn]s became bankrupt ?r\gh losses 9 ext5sive %ipp+ ( ,am]ican produce to ,europe4 ,bonap>te sprung 8 trap ^u m ?an a million doll>s ( _! prop]ty4 ,mr4 ,dodge n[ e/abli%$ cotton factories 9 ,connecticut1 & lat] comm5c$ anew ! dry goods bus9ess 9 ,new ,york1 8 home = ye>s alt]nat+ betwe5 ,new ,york & ! ,norwi* neighborhood2 & = ! n9e ye>s foll[+ #ahce he occupi$ a l>ge f>m 9 ,pla9field1 ,new ,j]sey4 ,active z 0 8 bus9ess life1 & fai?ful 8 devotion to 8 l>ge bus9ess affairs1--& he came to rank ) ! mo/ prom95t m]cantile m5 ( 8 day1--8 m9d 0 always int5t ^u social & religi\s subjects4 ,dur+ ! ye>s ( #ahjh to #ahaa our bus9ess became ext5sive & dem&$ mu* ?\ght & att5tion2 yet ,i ?9k my affections 7 on ! subject ( religion4 ,revivals ( religion1 ! int]e/s ( 8 *ur* 9 ,norwi* or ,new ,york1 ! improvem5t ( ! lives ( 8 factory op]atives1 ! organization 9 ,new ,york ( ! ,*ri/ian ,fri5dly ,society = ! ,promotion ( ,morals & ,religion1--su* 7 ! objects :i* comm&$ him4 ,?r\gh\t 8 long resid5ce 9 ,new ,york he 0 a prom95t work] 9 ! ,presbyt]ian *ur*1 = _m ye>s an eld] 9 ! *ur*4 ,he took a lead+ "p 9 organiz+ ! ,new ,york ,bible ,society & ! ,new ,york ,tract ,society1 0 mu* engag$ 9 ! e>ly mission>y movem5ts 9 ,new ,york1 & 9 promot+ ! education ( "y m5 = ! m9i/ry4 ,he 0 a lov] ( k1 a great read]1 & "o :o ?\ght & wrote z he read4 ,deeply int]e/$ 9 hi/ory1 anci5t & mod]n1 8 *ief int]e/ 0 9 !ological discussion4 ,he 0 famili> ) ! *ief !ological controv]sies ( ! day1 & ^u _m ( !m committ$ 8 views to writ+4 ,8 k ( ! ,bible 0 rem>kable2 he read x ?r\gh critically 9 c\rse =ty-two times4 ,he held firmly ! ,calv9i/ic sy/em ( doctr9e1 & he address$ to 8 *ildr5 a s]ies ( lett]s1 *>act]iz$ by great ability & logical =ce1 9 def5se ( ! fai?1 & con/itut+ toge!r a comp5di\s sy/em ( !ology4 ,sev]al ( ^! lett]s are includ$ 9 ! memorial volume publi%$ = ! family 9 #ahed "u ! editorial sup]vision ( ,rev4 ,matson ,m4 ,smi?4 ,?is volume conta9s1 besides ! two essays on w> "h repr9t$1 & v>i\s v]ses & lett]s1 ! int]e/+ autobiography :i* he prep>$1 at ! reque/ ( 8 *ildr51 a few ye>s be=e 8 dea?1 & a supplem5t>y biographical sket* by 8 pa/or1 ,rev4 ,asa ,d4 ,smi?4 ,9 ! mass ( manuscripts :i* he left beh9d 0 an essay ^u ,! ,relation ( ! ,*ur* to ! ,_w1 & "o ^u ,retributive ,judgm5t & ,capital ,puni%m5t1--to :i* he 0 %>ply oppos$4 ,he 0 oppos$ inde$ to s mu* 9 human gov]nm5ts z n[ con/itut$1--^: ultimate reliance1 he said1 is ! sword1 & ^: laws he felt to be s (t5 contr>y to ! laws ( ,*ri/ to :i* he gave 8 sole allegiance1--t he w\ld nei!r vote nor hold (fice4 ,/rict & inflexible z he 0 9 8 views ( political & religi\s duty1 he 0 "o ( ! mo/ g5ial & delightful ( m51 a ,*ri/ian 9 :om !re 0 no guile1 fond ( ! "y1 affectionate1 c\rte\s1 giv5 to hospitality1 c>eful habitually to make ev5 ! conv5tionalities ( life a fitt+ accompanim5t & expression ( ! inw>d pr9ciple ( k9dness4 ,a face z /rong z x is g5tle1 & z g5tle z x is /rong1 is t :i* looks at u 9 ! beautiful portrait pres]v$ 9 ! family treasures1 & a copy ( :i* =ms ! frontispiece ( ! pres5t volume4 ,! "* & influ5ce ( ! family :i* he f\nd$ 9 ,new ,york1 dur+ ! ?ree g5]ations :i* h foll[$1 con/itute an impressive witness to ,david ,dodge's =ce & wor?1 8 religi\s consecration1 & high public _s4 ,at ! junction ( ,broadway & ,six? ,av5ue /&s ! /atue ( 8 son1 ,william ,e>l ,dodge1 ^: life ( almo/ f\rscore ye>s end$ 9 #ahhc4 ,= long ye>s ! head ( ! great h\se ( ,phelps1 ,dodge ,co41 ! manag] ( imm5se railway1 lumb]1 & m9+ int]e/s1 ! presid5t ( ! ,new ,york ,*amb] ( ,comm]ce1 a repres5tative ( ,new ,york 9 ,congress1 a lead] 9 l>ge "w = temp]ance1 = ! fre$m51 = ! ,indians1 = !ological education1 = a score ( high patriotic & philan?ropic int]e/s1 ,new ,york _h 9 8 "t no m repres5tative1 m useful1 or m honor$ citiz54 ,& :at is said ( him may be said 9 almo/ ! same words ( ,william ,e>l ,dodge1 8 son1 :o di$ b ye/]day1 & :o comb9$ broad bus9ess & philan?ropic activities 9 ! same /rong & influ5tial way z 8 fa!r & gr&fa!r be=e him4 ,presid5t ( _m religi\s & b5evol5t associations1 he 0 pre-em95tly a patriot & an int]national man4 ,! logic ( 8 life & ( 8 h]itage plac$ him naturally at ! head ( ! ,national ,arbitration ,committee1 :i* 0 appo9t$ at ! great conf]5ce on int]national arbitration held at ,wa%+ton 9 ! spr+ ( #ahif1 foll[+ ! anxiety att5dant ^u ,presid5t ,clevel&'s ,v5ezuelan message1--a committee :i*1 "u 8 *airman%ip1 & s9ce 8 dea? t ( ,hon4 ,john ,w4 ,fo/]1 has dur+ ! decade r5d]$ su* great s]vice to ! peace & arbitration cause 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,x is to be not$ also t ! names ( 8 son & daught]1 ,clevel& ,h4 ,dodge & ,grace ,h4 ,dodge1 names s conspicu\sly associat$ to-day ) *>itable1 religi\s1 & educational ef=ts 9 ,new ,york1 are associat$1 too1 l 8 ) ! comm&+ cause ( ! _w's peace & bett] organization2 bo? names /& ^u ! ,am]ican ,committee ( ! ,?irte5? ,int]national ,peace ,congress1 :i* met 9 ,bo/on 9 #aijd4 ,?us h ! g5]ations :i* h foll[$ him well le>n$ & /rongly emphasiz$ ! lesson taught by ,david ,dodge almo/ a c5tury ago1 t w> is inhuman1 unwise1 & crim9al1 & inconsi/5t ) ! religion ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,x 0 9 #ahje t a />tl+ p]sonal exp]i5ce prompt$ ! tra9 ( ?\ght :i* soon & =ev] made ,david ,l4 ,dodge ! advocate ( ! ?or\gh-go+ peace pr9ciples ) :i* 8 "n is *iefly id5tifi$1 & l$ him to condemn all viol5ce1 ev5 9 self-def5se1 9 deal+s betwe5 m51 z betwe5 nations4 ,accu/om$ to c>ry pi/ols :5 travel+ ) l>ge sums ( money1 he 0 almo/ l$ to %oot 8 l&lord 9 a tav]n at ,provid5ce1 ,rhode ,isl&1 :o by "s blund] _h come into 8 room at night & sudd5ly wak$ him4 ,! ?\ght ( :at 8 situation & feel+s w\ld h be5 _h he tak5 ! man's life %ock$ him into mo/ se>*+ ?9k+4 ,= two or ?ree ye>s 8 m9d dwelt on ! "q4 ,he turn$ to ! tea*+ & example ( ,*ri/1 & became p]suad$ t ^! 7 inconsi/5t ) viol5ce & ! c>ry+ ( deadly weapons1 & ) w>4 ,! common *ur*man sanction$ su* ?+s1 b n ! e>ly ,*ri/ians2 & he f\nd /rong words condemn+ w> 9 ,lu!r & ,erasmus1 ! ,moravians & ,quak]s4 ,discuss+ ! matt] ) _m pi\s & ,*ri/ian m51 he f\nd !m g5]ally avoid+ ! gospel /&>d4 ,he 0 %ock$ by ! g5]al want ( fai? 9 ! promises2 b he himself laid aside at once 8 pi/ols & ! fe> ( robb]s4 ,he became absolutely conv9c$ t fight+ & w>f>e 7 unlawful = ! foll[]s ( ,*ri/2 & f n[ on he began to be> public te/imony aga9/ ! w> _s4 ,e>ly 9 ! spr+ ( #ahji he publi%$ 8 essay1 ,! ,m$iator's ,k+dom n ( ?is ,_w1 :i* attract$ s mu* att5tion t 9 two weeks ne>ly a ?\s& copies 7 sold4 ,?ree lit]>y m5 jo9$ 9 prep>+ a spirit$ & s>ca/ic criticism ( x2 & he imm$iately publi%$ a rejo9d]4 ,! ,m$iator's ,k+dom 0 republi%$ 9 ,philadelphia & 9 ,provid5ce1 & ,mr4 ,dodge writes truly3 ,^! publications gave ! fir/ impulse 9 ,am]ica1 if we except ! uni=m influ5ce ( ! ,fri5ds1 to inquiry into ! lawfulness ( w> by ,*ri/ians4 ,"s :o 7 favorable to ! doctr9es ( peace judg$ t1 ) a bold h&1 ,i _h c>ri$ ! subject too f>2 & d\btless1 z x 0 new & _h n be5 mu* discuss$1 ,i wrote too ungu>d$ly1 n suffici5tly def9+ my t]ms4 ,! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,noah ,worce/] 0 "o :o s judg$1 & a few ye>s aft] he publi%$ 8 v spirit$ & able essay1 ,! ,solemn ,review ( ,w>4 ,?is fam\s essay ( ,worce/]'s repres5ts ! plat=m ( ! great body ( ,am]ican peace work]s = a c5tury1 ! position ( m5 l ,*ann+ & ,ladd & ,jay & ,sumn]2 b to a nonresi/ant & oppon5t ev5 ( self-def5se1 l ,david ,dodge1 ^! seem$ ! expon5ts ( a halfway cov5ant4 ,mr4 ,dodge ent]$ into private correspond5ce on ! lawfulness ( w> ) ,rev4 ,lyman ,bee*]1 ,rev4 ,a>on ,clevel&1 8 fa!r-9-law1 ,rev4 ,john ,b4 ,romeyn1 & ,rev4 ,walt] ,k+4 ,he pres]v$ among 8 manuscripts lett]s ( tw5ty-five pages f ,dr4 ,romeyn & ,mr4 ,clevel&1 & copies ( 8 reply to ,dr4 ,romeyn 7"o hundr$ & ?irty-two pages7 & to ,dr4 ,bee*] 7=ty-f\r pages74 ,important lett]s f ,dr4 ,bee*] & ,gov]nor ,jay he _h lo/4 ,all ^! took ! position ( ,dr4 ,worce/]1 sanction+ /rictly def5sive w> 9 extreme cases1--all except ,mr4 ,clevel&1 :o f9ally came into complete accord ) ,mr4 ,dodge1 & publi%$ two able s]mons on ,! ,life ( ,man ,inviolable by ! ,laws ( ,*ri/4 ,e>ly 9 #ahab ! fri5ds ( peace :om ,mr4 ,dodge _h ga!r$ ab\t him 9 ,new ,york conf]r$ ^u ! =m+ ( a peace society1 :olly conf9$ to decid$ evangelical ,*ri/ians1 ) a view to diffus+ peace pr9ciples 9 ! *ur*es1 avoid+ all p>ty que/ions4 ,!re be+ at ?is juncture1 h[ev]1 int5se political feel+ ov] ! ?reat5$ w> ) ,great ,brita91 !y fe>$ _! motives w\ld be misappreh5d$1 & decid$ = ! mom5t simply to act individually 9 diffus+ in=mation4 ,mr4 ,dodge 0 appo9t$ to prep>e an essay on ! subject ( w>1 /at+ & answ]+ objections2 &1 remov+ at ?is "t to ,norwi*1 he !re1 9 a p]iod ( great bus9ess p]plexity1 complet$ 8 rem>kable pap] on ,w> ,inconsi/5t ) ! ,*ri/ian ,religion1 :i* 0 publi%$ 9 ! v mid/ ( ! w> ) ,engl&4 ,^u 8 return to ,new ,york1 ! fri5ds ( peace !re _h two or ?ree meet+s relative to ! organization ( a society2 & 9 ,augu/1 #ahae1 !y =m$ ! ,new ,york ,peace ,society1 ( betwe5 ?irty & =ty memb]s1 _! /rict articles ( association condemn+ all w>1 (f5sive & def5sive1 z :olly oppos$ to ! example & _s & precepts ( ,*ri/4 ,! peace societies =m$ imm$iately aft]w>ds 9 ,massa*usetts1 ,ohio1 ,rhode ,isl&1 & ,london 7 organiz$1 accord+ to ,mr4 ,dodge1 )\t any k ( ea* o!r1 ! movem5ts be+ ! simultane\s sep>ate results ( a common impulse4 ,( ! ,new ,york society ,mr4 ,dodge 0 unanim\sly elect$ presid5t4 ,mon?ly meet+s 7 arrang$1 & at ! fir/ ( ^! ,mr4 ,dodge read an address ^u ,! ,k+dom ( ,peace "u ! ,b5ign ,reign ( ,messiah1 ( :i* a ?\s& copies 7 at once pr9t$ & circulat$4 ,)9 two ye>s ! society _h increas$ to sixty memb]s1 m5 active n only aga9/ w>--:i* ! society reg>d$ z ! greate/ temporal evil1 z almo/ e immorality is g5]at$ 9 its prosecution1 & pov]ty1 di/ress1 fam9e1 & pe/il5ce foll[ 9 its tra9--b 9 all ! b5evol5t ent]prises ( t day4 ,sev]al respectable cl]gym5 unit$ ) ! society1--,rev4 ,drs4 ,e4 ,d4 ,griff9 & ,m4 ,l4 ,p>v9e1 ,rev4 ,e4 ,w4 ,baldw9 7to ^: p5 we 7 mu* indebt$71 ,rev4 ,samuel ,:elpley1 & 8 son1 ,rev4 ,melanc?on ,:elpley1 ,rev4 ,h4 ,g4 ,uf=d1 & ,rev4 ,s4 ,h4 ,cox4 ,dr4 ,cox1 h[ev]1 aft]w>ds ent]ta9$ diff]5t views on ! subject4 ,! ,new ,york ,peace ,society _h fri5dly correspond5ce ) all ! o!r peace societies1 & = sev]al ye>s took two hundr$ copies ( ,dr4 ,worce/]'s ,fri5d ( ,peace4 ,?is seems f9ally to h contribut$ to divide ! society1 "s rel9qui%+ ! nonresi/ant views ( ,mr4 ,dodge & adopt+ ,worce/]'s less extreme position4 ,b our brave ,tol/oian 0 a ?or\gh1 & nev] wav]$4 ,if x 0 morally wrong = individuals to qu>rel & fight1 in/ead ( return+ good = evil1--^! are 8 la/ words on ! subject 9 8 autobiography1--x 0 mu* m crim9al = communities & nations to return evil = evil1 & n /rive to ov]come evil ) good4 ,9 fact1 ! great b>ri] to our progress 0 ! example ( our fa!rs 9 ! ,am]ican ,revolution4 ,t !y 7 g5]ally true patriots1 9 ! political s5se ( ! t]m1 & _m hopefully pi\s1 ,i w\ld n call 9 "q1 :ile ,i consid] !m z ill direct$ by education z ,/4 ,paul 0 :5 on 8 way to ,damascus4 ,! ,new ,york ,peace ,society ma9ta9$ its exi/5ce & "w = _m ye>s4 ,9 #ahbh x unit$ ) o!r societies 9 ! creation ( ! ,am]ican ,peace ,society1 :i* 0 organiz$ 9 ,new ,york on ,may #h ( t ye> on ! initiative ( ,william ,ladd4 ,aft] ?is ! ,new ,york society seems to h done little sep>ate "w1 & f9ally its indep5d5t exi/5ce ceas$4 ,mr4 ,dodge assi/$ 9 ! organization ( ! new national society1 & presid$ at its fir/ annual meet+1 ,may #ac1 #ahbi4 ,he 0 *os5 a memb] ( its bo>d ( directors1 & lat] became a life director1 ma9ta9+ 8 connection ) ! society until 8 dea? 9 #aheb1 fai?ful to ! end to ! radical views by :i* he _h become s p[]fully possess$ almo/ half a c5tury be=e4 ,= two g5]ations ,new ,york has be5 )\t a local peace society4 ,! s]vices ( em95t individual citiz5s ( ! city & /ate ( ,new ,york = ! peace cause dur+ t p]iod1 h[ev]1 h be5 signal4 ,judge ,william ,jay ( ,new ,york 0 = a decade presid5t ( ! ,am]ican ,peace ,society1--! important decade cov]+ ! great peace congresses 9 ,europe at ! middle ( ! la/ c5tury2 & x 0 8 proposal t an arbitration clause %\ld be atta*$ to all future comm]cial treaties :i* furni%$ ! basis = ! mo/ con/ructive debates ( ! fir/ congress1 t at ,london 9 #ahdc4 ,! ?ree really important memb]s ( ! ,am]ican delegation at ,! ,hague ,conf]5ce 7 citiz5s ( ,new ,york1--,&rew ,d4 ,:ite1 ,se? ,l[1 & ,fr$]ick ,w4 ,holls4 ,a rem>kable plan adopt$ by ! ,new ,york ,/ate ,b> ,association sugge/$ important features ( ,! ,hague ,c\rt z f9ally con/itut$4 ,x is a citiz5 ( ,new ,york1 ,&rew ,c>negie1 :o has giv5 #a1ejj1jjj = a wor?y build+ = ! c\rt at ,! ,hague1--a temple ( peace4 ,mr4 ,c>negie1 ^: influ5ce 9 behalf ( int]national frat]nity is p]haps second to t ( no o!r to-day1 has also giv5 #e1jjj1jjj to e/abli% a p5sion fund = h]oes ( peace1 ^: h]oism1 too long comp>atively neglect$1 he rightly sees to be n less ?an ! h]oism ( ! soldi]4 ,! mo/ important s]ies ( arbitration conf]5ces 9 rec5t times h be5 ^? at ,lake ,mohonk1 9 ! /ate ( ,new ,york1 arrang$ by ,alb]t ,k4 ,smiley1--conf]5ces ( gr[+ size & importance1 comm&+ _w-wide att5tion1 & p]=m+ = ?is c\ntry almo/ ! same s]vice p]=m$ = ,france & ,engl& by _! national peace congresses4 ,f9ally1 x mu/ n be =gott5 t ,!odore ,roosevelt1 ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ?r\gh ^: initiative ! second ,hague ,conf]5ce w pres5tly meet1 is also a citiz5 ( ,new ,york4 ,at ?is v "t a promis+ movem5t is ga9+ head to organize once m 9 ,david ,dodge's city a ,new ,york ,peace ,society4 ,at "o ( ! rec5t ,mohonk conf]5ces a l>ge committee ( ,new ,york m51 "u ! *airman%ip ( ,mr4 ,w>n] ,van ,nord51 0 =m$ = conf]5ce ) ?is end 9 view4 ,^u ! ,am]ican committee ( ! ,int]national ,peace ,congress :i* met 9 ,bo/on 9 #aijd 7 no less ?an sixte5 resid5ts ( ! city ( ,new ,york1--,&rew ,c>negie1 ,hon4 ,osc> ,s4 ,/raus1 ,hon4 ,george ,f4 ,sew>d1 ,walt] ,s4 ,logan1 ,felix ,adl]1 ,william ,d4 ,h[ells1 ,mrs4 ,*>les ,russell ,l[ell1 ,mrs4 ,anna ,g>l9 ,sp5c]1 ,miss ,grace ,h4 ,dodge1 ,rev4 ,josiah ,/rong1 ,rev4 ,*>les ,e4 ,jeff]son1 ,clevel& ,h4 ,dodge1 ,george ,fo/] ,peabody1 ,pr(essor ,john ,b4 ,cl>k1 ,le&] ,t4 ,*amb]la91 & ,j4 ,g4 ,phelps ,/okes4 ,9 ! week foll[+ ! ,bo/on congress a s]ies ( great peace meet+s 0 held 9 ,new ,york1 at ! ,coop] ,union & else:]e1 arrang$ by memb]s ( ?is committee2 & out ( all ?is a new impulse has come to plans = local organization 9 ,new ,york4 ,z "o result a /rong society 0 =m$ by ! ,g]mans ( ! city1 & a l>ge ,wom5's ,peace ,circle has s9ce be5 organiz$ & begun important educational "w4 ,! l>g] ,new ,york ,peace ,society is n[ c]ta9ly a ?+ ( ! ne> future4 ,to ! m5 & wom5 :o w con/itute t society1 ! noble body ( ^? n[ work+ 9 _! v>i\s ways 9 ! great city = ! cause ( peace1 is d$icat$ especially ?is republication ( ! old essays ( ,david ,dodge1 ! f\nd] ( ! fir/ peace society 9 ! _w1 :o by 8 pione]+ & prophetic s]vice gave to ,new ,york a place s significant 9 ! hi/ory ( :at is to-day ! _w's mo/ comm&+ cause4 ,,septemb]1 #aije ,,edw9 ,d4 ,,mead ,,w> ,,inconsi/5t ,,) ,,! ,,religion ,,( ,,jesus ,,*ri/ ,humanity1 wisdom1 & goodness at once comb9e all t c be great & lovely 9 man4 ,inhumanity1 folly1 & wick$ness rev]se ! picture1 & at once repres5t all t c be odi\s & hateful4 ,! =m] is ! _s ( ,heav51 & ! latt] ! (fspr+ ( hell4 ,! _s ( ! gospel n only brea!s glory to ,god 9 ! highe/1 b on e>? peace1 & good w to m54 ,! wisdom f above is fir/ pure1 !n peaceable1 g5tle1 easy to be entreat$2 b ! wisdom f b5ea? is e>?ly1 s5sual1 & devili%4 ,x is exce$+ly /range t any "o "u ! light ( ! gospel1 pr(ess+ to be guid$ by its bless$ precepts1 ) ! ,bible 9 8 h&1 :ile ! :ole creation ar\nd him is s (t5 groan+ "u ! weight & t]rors ( w>1 %\ld h d\bts :e!r any k9d ( w>s "u ! gospel disp5sation1 except spiritual w>f>e1 c be ! dictate ( any k9d ( wisdom except t f b5ea?2 & mu* m s1 to believe t !y are ! fruit ( ! ,div9e ,_s1 :i* is love1 joy1 & peace4 ,an inspir$ apo/le has in=m$ u f :5ce come w>s & fight+s4 ,!y come f ! lu/s ( m5 t w> 9 _! memb]s4 ,ev] s9ce ! fall1 mank9d h _h naturally )9 !m a _s ( pride1 av>ice1 & rev5ge4 ,! gospel is directly oppos$ to ?is _s4 ,x tea*es humility1 x inculcates love1 x brea!s pity & =giv5ess ev5 to enemies1 & =bids r5d]+ evil = evil to any man4 ,believ+ z ,i d1 aft] mu* reflection &1 z ,i tru/1 pray]ful inve/igation ( ! subject1 t all k9ds ( c>nal w>f>e are unlawful ^u gospel pr9ciples1 ,i %all n[ endeavor to prove t ,,w> is ,,inhuman1 ,,unwise1 & ,,crim9al1 & !n make "s g5]al rem>ks1 & /ate & answ] sev]al objections4 ,9 attempt+ to d ?is ,i %all n always conf9e myself /rictly to ?is ord] ( ! subject1 b %all occasionally make su* rem>ks z may occur1 directly or indirectly1 to %[ t ! :ole g5ius ( w> is contr>y to ! _s & precepts ( ! gospel4 ,,w> ,,is ,,inhuman ,i4 ,,because ,,x ,,h>d5s ,,! ,,he>t ,,& ,,blunts ,,! ,,t5d] ,,feel+s ,,( ,,mank9d ,t x is ! duty ( mank9d to be t5d]-he>t$1 feel+ = ! di/ress ( o!rs1 & to d all 9 _! p[] to prev5t & alleviate _! mis]y1 is evid5t n only f ! example ( ! ,son ( ,god b ! precepts ( ! gospel4 ,:5 ! ,savi\r ( s9n]s visit$ ?is d>k & cruel _w he became a man ( sorr[ & 0 acqua9t$ ) grief1 s t he 0 t\*$ ) ! feel+ ( our infirmities4 ,he w5t ab\t cont9ually heal+ ! sick1 op5+ ! eyes ( ! bl9d1 un/opp+ ! e>s ( ! deaf1 rais+ ! dead1 z well z prea*+ ! gospel ( peace to ! poor4 ,he visit$ ! h\ses ( affliction & p\r$ ! balm ( consolation into ! w\nd$ he>t4 ,he m\rn$ ) ^? :o m\rn$1 & wept ) ^? t wept4 ,love to ,god & man fl[$ f 8 s\l pure z ! riv] ( life1 refre%+ ! ?ir/y des]t ar\nd him4 ,he 0 n only affectionate to 8 fri5ds b k9d to 8 enemies4 ,he return$ love = _! hatr$1 & bless+ = _! curs+4 ,:5 he 0 surr\nd$ by all ! p[]s ( d>kness & resign$ himself into ! h&s ( s9n]s to expiate _! guilt1 & !y smote him on ! *eek & pluck$ (f ! hair1 he 0 dumb & op5$ n 8 m\?4 ,:ile suff]+ all ! contempt & torture :i* m5 & devils c\ld inv5t1 in/ead ( return+ evil = evil he pray$ = 8 murd]]s & apologiz$ = 8 p]secutors1 say+1 ,fa!r1 =give !m1 = !y "k n :at !y d4 ,! apo/le exhorts ,*ri/ians1 say+1 ,be ye k9d & t5d]-he>t$1 =giv+ "o ano!r1 ev5 z ,god = ,*ri/'s sake ha? =giv5 y4 ,au?ority 9 abundance might be quot$ to %[ t ! _s ( ! gospel absolutely requires ! ex]cise ( love1 pity1 & =giv5ess1 ev5 to enemies4 ,b :o w und]take to prove t soldi]s are usually k9d & t5d]-he>t$1 & t _! employm5t has a natural t5d5cy to promote active b5evol5ce1 :ile x requires all _! /udy ( m9d & /r5g? ( body to injure _! enemies to ! greate/ ext5t8 ,?\gh we (t5 he> ( ! g5]osity & att5tion ( soldi]s to prison]s1 & not)/&+ ,i am will+ to all[ t feel+s ( humanity are n altoge!r oblit]at$ f e soldi]1 yet mu* ( ?is app>5t k9dness may fl[ f a desire ( bett] treatm5t !mselves %\ld circum/ances be rev]s$1 or f a hope ( ! applause ( mank9d4 ,my object1 h[ev]1 is n to prove t all soldi]s are de/itute ( humanity1 b t _! occupation has a natural t5d5cy & actually does weak5 _! k9d & t5d] feel+s1 & h>d5 _! he>ts4 ,is x n a fact t ^? :o are engag$ 9 ! _s ( w>1 ei!r 9 ! c\ncil or 9 ! field1 are n usually s meek1 l[ly1 k9d1 & t5d]-he>t$ z o!r m58 ,does ! soldi] usually become k9d & t5d]-he>t$ :ile tra9$ to ! art ( kill+ 8 fell[-man1 or m s :5 engag$ 9 ! heat ( ! battle1 /epp+ =w>d ov] ! w\nd$ & he>+ ! groans ( ! expir+8 ,does he actually put on b[els ( t5d]ness1 m]cy1 & =giv5ess1 :ile he ba!s 8 sword 9 ! blood ( 8 bro!r8 ,d ^! sc5es g5]ally *ange ! lion into ! lamb8 ,on ! contr>y1 d n ! hi/ory ( ages & ! voice ( millions be> te/imony t ! :ole trade ( w> has a natural t5d5cy to blunt ! t5d] edge ( m]cy & *ill all ! sympa?iz+ feel+s ( ! human he>t8 ,:o t is a p>5t1 hav+ an uncommonly h>d-he>t$ & unfeel+ son1 w\ld s5d him into ! camp to subdue 8 inhumanity & to /amp ^u him k9d & t5d] feel+s8 ,if w> has n a natural t5d5cy to h>d5 ! he>t1 p]mit me to inquire :y mank9d d n usually feel z mu* at ! di/ress occasion$ by w> z by o!r calamities8 ,x w\ld be truly a/oni%+1 7 x n s common1 to see ) :at composure ! g5]ality ( mank9d he> ! acc\nt ( b>b>\s & de/ructive battles4 ,!y may h "s little excitem5t :5 !y he> ( savages--^: religion tea*es !m rev5ge--us+ ! tomahawk & scalp+ knife2 b :5 ?\s&s are torn to pieces ) %ot & %ells & but*]$ ) poli%$ /eels1 !n x becomes a v polite & civil bus9ess1 & ^? :o p]i% are contemplat$ z only recl9+ on a b$ ( honor4 ,if an individual 9 common life breaks a bone or fractures a limb1 all ar\nd him n only sympa?ize b are ready to aid 9 alleviat+ 8 di/ress2 b :5 ?\s&s are sla9 & t5 ?\s& w\nd$ 9 ! field ( battle1 ! %ock is b trifl+1 & ! feel+s are soon lo/ 9 admir+ ! gallantry ( ?is h]o & ! pr[ess ( t vet]an4 ,& :y all ?is s5sibility at ! pa9s ( an individual1 & all ?is indiff]5ce at ! suff]+s ( ?\s&s1 if w> has n a natural t5d5cy to h>d5 ! he>t & de/roy ! t5d] feel+s ( mank9d8 ,x is a fact1 h[ev]1 s notori\s t ! _s & practice ( w> d actually h>d5 ! he>t & *ill ! k9d & t5d] feel+s ( mank9d1 t ,i ?9k few w be f\nd to d5y x1 & none :o h ev] kn[n or felt ! _s ( ,*ri/4 ,! _s ( w> mu/ be v unlike ! _s ( ! gospel1 = ! gospel en=ces no duty ! practice ( :i* has a natural t5d5cy to h>d5 m5's he>ts1 b 9 proportion z !y are influ5c$ by its _s & actuat$ by its pr9ciples !y w be humane2 !re=e1 if w> h>d5s m5's he>ts x is n a ,*ri/ian duty1 & ( c\rse x _c be "r = ,*ri/ians to engage 9 x4 ,,ii4 ,,w> ,,is ,,inhuman1 ,,z ,,9 ,,its ,,nature ,,& ,,t5d5cy ,,x ,,abuses ,,god',s ,,animal ,,creation ,:5 ,god at fir/ creat$ man1 he gave him au?ority ov] ! bea/s ( ! field1 ! f[ls ( ! air1 & ! fi%es ( ! deep4 ,aft] he _h swept away ! old ungodly _w ( mank9d = _! viol5ce ) all ! animal creation1 except ^? 9 ! ark1 he 0 pleas$ to r5ew to ,noah ! same privilege ( be+ "l ov] ! animal _w4 ,x may n p]haps be improp] "h to digress a little & rem>k t ?is appe>s to h be5 ! orig9al b\nds ( man's au?ority1--t ( hav+ dom9ion only ov] ! animal _w & n ov] 8 fell[-man4 ,x appe>s t ,god res]v$ to himself ! gov]nm5t ( man1 :om he orig9ally creat$ 9 8 own image2 f :i* x may be inf]r$ t man has no lawful au?ority = gov]n+ 8 fell[-man except z ! special executor ( div9e comm&1 & t no gov]nm5t c be morally "r except t :i* ackn[l$ges & looks up to ,god z ! supreme head & gov]nor4 ,b to return3 al?\gh ! animal _w is put "u ! dom9ion ( man = 8 use1 yet he has no au?ority to ex]cise cruelty t[>ds x4 ,= ! m]ciful man reg>de? ! life ( 8 bea/4 ,god is v m]ciful to 8 creatures2 he n only he>s ! "y rav5s :5 !y cry b he op5s 8 h& & supplies ! wants ( ! cattle ^u a ?\s& hills4 ,?\gh ,god has decorat$ ! e>? ) beauty & ri*ly clo!d x ) food = man & bea/1 yet :]e an all-dev\r+ army passes1 not)/&+ ! e>? be=e !m is l ! g>d5 ( ,ed51 x is beh9d !m a desolate wild]ness2 ! l[+ ox & bleat+ %eep may cry = food1 b1 alas6 ! de/roy] ha? de/roy$ x4 ,! noble horse1 :i* ,god has made = ! use & pleasure ( man1 %>es l>gely 9 ?is desolat+ evil4 ,he is (t5 tak51 )\t 8 cu/om>y food1 to run ) an express1 until1 exhau/$ by fatigue1 he falls lifeless b5ea? 8 rid]4 ,multitudes ( !m are *a9$ to ! h>ness ) scanty food1 & goad$ =w>d to drag ! baggage ( an army & ! ?und]+ eng9es ( dea?1 until _! /r5g? has fail$1 _! brea? exhau/$1 & ! k9dness !y !n receive is ! la% ( ! :ip or ! po9t ( a spe>4 ,9 su* sc5es ! com=t ( bea/s is n ?\ght (1 except by a selfi% own] :o fe>s ! loss ( 8 prop]ty4 ,b all ?is is trifl+ comp>$ ) :at ^! noble animals1 :o tamely b[ to ! yoke ( man1 suff] 9 ! *>ge ( ! battle2 ! horse ru%es into ! combat n kn[+ t torture & dea? are be=e him4 ,8 sides are (t5 p]=at$ ) ! spur ( 8 rid]1 not)/&+ he ex]ts all 8 /r5g? to ru% into ! heat ( ! battle1 :ile ! /rokes ( ! sab]s & ! w\nds ( ! bullets lac]ate 8 body1 & in/ead ( hav+ ,god's pure air to brea! to alleviate 8 pa9s1 he c only snuff up ! du/ ( 8 feet & ! sulphur\s smoke ( ! cannon1 emblem ( ! inf]nal abode4 ,?us he has no ease = 8 pa9s unless ,god commissions ! bayonet or ! bullet to take away 8 life4 ,b if su* is ! cruelty to bea/s 9 prosecut+ w>1 :at is ! cruelty to man1 born = immortality8 ,no wond] t ^? :o feel s little = _! fell[-m5 %\ld feel less = bea/s4 ,if w> is an inhuman & cruel employm5t1 x mu/ be wrong = ,*ri/ians to engage 9 x4 ,,iii4 ,,w> ,,is ,,inhuman1 ,,z ,,x ,,oppresses ,,! ,,poor ,to oppress ! poor is ev]y:]e 9 ! ,scriptures consid]$ z a great s93 ,= ! oppression ( ! poor1 = ! sigh+ ( ! ne$y1 n[ w ,i arise1 sai? ! ,"l2 ,:oso /oppe? 8 e>s at ! cry ( ! poor1 he also %all cry himself & n be he>d2 ,:at mean ye t ye beat my p to pieces1 & gr9d ! faces ( ! poor8 sai? ! ,"l ,god ( ho/s4 ,! ?reat5+s aga9/ ^? :o oppress ! poor1 & ! bless+s pron\nc$ ^u ^? :o plead _! cause1 are v num]\s 9 ! ,scriptures4 ,! ?reat5+s are s trem5d\s & awful t all m5 ought to consid] well be=e !y are active 9 any /ep :i* has a natural t5d5cy to oppress ! poor & ne$y4 ,t w> actually does oppress ! poor may be he>d f t5 ?\s& wret*$ tongues :o h felt its woe4 ,v few1 comp>atively1 :o are in/igators ( w> actually take ! field ( battle1 & are seldom se5 9 ! front ( ! fire4 ,x is usually ^? :o are riot+ on ! labors ( ! poor t fan up ! flame ( w>4 ,! great mass ( soldi]s are g5]ally f ! poor ( a c\ntry4 ,!y mu/ gird on ! h>ness & = a few c5ts p] day endure all ! h>d%ips ( a camp & be l$ =w>d l %eep to ! slaught]4 ,?\gh multitudes are fasc9at$ to enli/ by ! intoxicat+ cup1 ! glitt] ( arms1 ! va+lory ( h]oes1 & ! empty s\nd ( patriotism1 yet _m m are call$ away contr>y to _! wi%es by ! iron h& ( despotic laws4 ,p]haps a p>5t is enroll$ ^: daily labor 0 h>dly suffici5t to supply a scanty pittance = a num]\s (fspr+1 :o are 9 8 abs5ce cry+ = bread4 ,& :y all ?is sorr[ 9 ?is poor & ne$y family8 ,because ! husb& & fa!r is gone1 & probably gone =ev]1 mo/ likely to gratify ! wi%es ( "s ambiti\s m5 :o c>e z little z !y ?9k ( 8 anxi\s family4 ,p]haps an only son is tak5 f old1 decrepit p>5ts1 ! only e>?ly prop ( _! decl9+ ye>s2 & ) cold pov]ty & sorr[ _! gray hairs are br\ght d[n to ! du/4 ,w> _c be prosecut$ )\t enorm\s exp5ses4 ,! money t has be5 exp5d$ ! la/ tw5ty ye>s 9 w> w\ld d\btless h be5 suffici5t n only to h r5d]$ e poor p]son on e>? com=table--s f> z money c\ld d x--dur+ ! same p]iod1 b1 if ! residue _h be5 appli$ to cultivate ! e>?1 x w\ld h lit]ally turn$ ! des]t into a fruitful field4 ,only ! int]e/ ( ! money t has be5 exp5d$ 9 a few ye>s by ! ,european nations 9 prosecut+ w> w\ld h be5 suffici5t1 "u prop] direction1 to educate e poor *ild on e>? 9 ! common rudim5ts ( le>n+1 & to support mission>ies 9 abundance to convey ! gospel ( peace to e creature4 ,:at a noble employm5t if ^? nations _h ex]t$ _! p[]s = ^! objects z mu* z !y h = injur+ ea* o!r6 ,& :at a diff]5ce w\ld h appe>$ 9 ! _w6 ,bless+s w\ld h fall5 on millions ready to p]i%1 in/ead ( desolation1 t]ror1 & dea?4 ,! va/ exp5ses ( w> mu/ be met by correspond+ taxes1 :e!r by duties on m]*&ise or direct taxes on real e/ate2 yet !y fall mo/ heavily on ! poor4 ,:atev] duty ! m]*ant pays to ! cu/omh\se1 he adds ! am\nt to ! price ( 8 goods1 s t ! consum] actually pays ! tax4 ,if a tax is levi$ on real e/ate1 ! product ( t e/ate is rais$ to meet x1 & :oev] consumes ! product pays ! tax4 ,9 times ( w> ! prices ( ! necess>ies ( life are g5]ally v mu* increas$1 b ! prices ( ! labor ( ! poor d n usually rise 9 ! same proportion1 !re=e x falls v heavily on !m4 ,:5 ! hone/ labor]s are sudd5ly call$ f ! pl[ to take ! sword & leave ! till+ ( ! gr\nd1 ei!r its se$ is b sp>+ly s[n or its fruit b p>tially ga!r$1 sc>city ensues1 high prices are ! consequ5ce1 & ! difficulty greatly increas$ = ! poor to obta9 ! necess>ies ( life1 especially if !y 7 dep5d5t on ! product ( a scanty f>m :i* !y are n[ depriv$ ( cultivat+4 ,_m a poor wid[1 :o has be5 able 9 times ( peace to support h] fa!rless *ildr51 has be5 oblig$ 9 times ( w> 9 a great measure to dep5d on ! cold h& ( *>ity to supply _! wants4 ,! calamities ( w> necess>ily fall m on ! poor ?an on ! ri*1 because ! poor ( a c\ntry are g5]ally a l>ge majority ( its inhabitants4 ,^! are "s ( ! evils ( w> at a di/ance1 b :5 x comes to _! doors1 if !y are favor$ p]sonally to escape ! f]ocity ( ! soldi]s1 !y fly f _! habitations1 leav+ _! little all to ! fire & pillage1 glad to escape ) _! lives1 ?\gh de/itute & dep5d5t2 & :5 !y ca/ r\nd _! eyes = relief1 !y only meet a fell[-suff]]1 :o c sympa?ize ) !m b n supply _! wants4 ,?us does w> n only oppress ! poor b adds multitudes to _! numb] :o be=e 7 com=table4 ,if w> actually does oppress ! poor1 !n we may inf] t 9 its nature & t5d5cy x is v unlike ! g5ius ( ! gospel1 & n "r = ,*ri/ians to engage 9 x4 ,,iv4 ,,w> ,,is ,,inhuman1 ,,z ,,x ,,spreads ,,t]ror ,,& ,,di/ress ,,among ,,mank9d ,9 ! b5ign reign ( ,messiah ! e>? w be fill$ ) ! abundance ( peace2 !re w be no?+ to hurt or de/roy2 e "o w sit quietly "u 8 own v9e & fig tree1 hav+ no?+ to mole/ or make him afraid4 ,b 9 times ( w>1 mank9d are usually full ( anxiety1 _! he>ts fail+ !m = fe>1 look+ = ^? ?+s :i* are com+ ^u our wick$ _w4 ,"o ( ! mo/ delightful sc5es on e>? is a happy family :]e all ! memb]s dwell toge!r 9 love1 be+ influ5c$ by ! bless$ precepts ( ! gospel ( peace4 ,b h[ soon does ! s\nd ( w> di/urb & di/ress ! happy circle6 ,if x is only ! di/ant ?und] ( ! cannon t salutes ! e>1 ! "m />ts f h] repose1 & all ! *ildr5 ga!r r\nd h] ) looks full ( anxiety to "k ! cause4 ,few wom5 c s comm& _! feel+s z to hide ! cause2 & let x be said to ! honor ( ! female sex t !y h g5]ally t5d] feel+s1 :i* _c easily be disguis$ at ! di/ress ( _! fell[-be+s4 ,p]haps a "m's he>t is n[ wrung ) angui% 9 ! prospect t ei!r ! p>tn] ( h] life or ! sons ( h] c>e & sorr[1 or bo?1 are ab\t to be call$ into ! bloody field ( battle4 ,p]haps ! decrepit p>5t views 8 d>l+ son leav+ 8 peaceful abode to ent] ! ensangu9$ field1 nev] m to return4 ,h[ soon are ^! joyful little circles turn$ into m\rn+ & sorr[6 ,:o c describe ! di/ress ( a happy village sudd5ly encompass$ by two cont5d+ armies--p]haps s e>ly & sudd5ly t its inhabitants are ar\s$ f _! peaceful slumb]s by ! confus$ noise ( ! w>riors m f]oci\s ?an ! bea/s t pr[l 9 ! =e/8 ,7 x n = ! tumult ( ! battle1 %rieks ( di/ress f innoc5t wom5 & *ildr5 might be he>d f almo/ e abode4 ,*ildr5 run to ! arms ( _! di/ract$ mo!rs1 :o are z unable to f9d a refuge = !mselves z = _! (fspr+4 ,if !y fly to ! /reets !y are 9 ! mid/ ( dea?3 hundr$s ( cannon are vomit+ de/ruction 9 e qu>t]2 ! ho(s ( horses trampl+ d[n ev]y?+ 9 _! way2 bullets1 /ones1 bricks1 & spl9t]s fly+ 9 e direction2 h\ses pi]c$ ) cannon %ot & %ells :i* c>ry desolation 9 _! c\rse2 )\t1 multitudes ( m5 ru%+ ) deadly weapons ^u ea* o!r ) all ! rage ( tig]s1 plung+ ea* o!r into et]nity1 until ! /reets are lit]ally dr5*$ ) ! blood ( m54 ,to increase ! di/ress1 ! village is tak5 & retak5 sev]al times at ! po9t ( ! bayonet4 ,if ! inhabitants fly to _! cell>s to escape ! fury ( ! /orm1 _! build+s may soon be wrapt 9 flames ov] _! heads4 ,& = :at1 x may be ask$1 is all ?is inhuman sacrifice made8 ,probably to ga9 ! empty bubble call$ honor1--a /&>d ( "r & wrong )\t =m or dim5sions4 ,let no "o say t ! writ]'s imag9ation is heat$ :ile x is n 9 ! p[] ( 8 feeble p5 to half describe ! horror & di/ress ( ! sc5es :i* are by no means uncommon 9 a /ate ( w>4 ,if su* are "s ( ! effects ( w>1 !n x mu/ be a v inhuman employm5t1 & wrong = ,*ri/ians to engage 9 x4 ,v4 ,,w> ,,is ,,inhuman1 ,,z ,,x ,,involves ,,m5 ,,9 ,,fatigue1 ,,fam9e1 ,,& ,,all ,,! ,,pa9s ,,( ,,mutilat$ ,,bodies ,to describe ! fatigues & h>d%ips ( a soldi]'s life w\ld require ! exp]i5ce ( a soldi]1 s t only "s ( _! common suff]+s c be t\*$ ^u by a p]son :o is a /rang] to ! mis]ies ( a camp4 ,a great majority ( ^? :o ent] ! ranks ( an army are p]sons unaccu/om$ to great privations & sev]e fatigues2 h5ce ! great proportion ( mortality among fre% recruits4 ,_! habits & /r5g? are unable to endure ! h>d f>e1 rapid & con/ant m>*es g5]ally impos$ ^u !m 9 active s]vice4 ,! "y soldi] commonly ex*anges a :olesome table1 a com=table dwell+1 an easy b$1 = bad food1 ! field = 8 h\se1 ! cold e>? = 8 b$1 & ! heav5s ov] him = 8 cov]+4 ,he mu/ /& at 8 po/ day & night1 summ] & w9t]2 face ! scor*+ sun1 ! *ill+ tempe/1 & be expos$ to all ! /orms ( ! season1 )\t any com=table repose2 p]haps dur+ mo/ ( ! "t ) a scanty all[ance ( ! co>se/ food1 & (t5 de/itute ( any1 except ! mis]able supply he may h *ance to plund]1--n en\gh to satisfy b only to keep alive ! crav+ dem&s ( nature2 (t5 compell$ to m>* & c\nt]m>* sev]al days & nights 9 succession1 )\t a mom5t to prep>e 8 provisions to n\ri% him & glad to get a little raw to su/a9 8 life4 ,frequ5tly ?is h>d%ip is endur$ 9 ! cold & inclem5t season1 :ile 8 tatt]$ clo?+ is only ! rema9s ( 8 summ] dress4 ,b>efoot$ & half nak$1 fatigu$ & *ill$1 he becomes a prey to disease1 & is (t5 left to p]i% )\t a human be+ to adm9i/] to him ! lea/ com=t4 ,if he is c>ri$ to a hospital1 he is !re surr\nd$ by ! pe/il5tial brea? ( hundr$s ( 8 poor fell[-suff]]s1 :]e ! be/ com=ts t c be af=d$ are b scanty & dismal4 ,b all ?is is comp>atively trifl+ to ! suff]+s ( ! w\nd$ on ! field ( battle4 ,!re ?\s&s ( mangl$ bodies lie on ! cold gr\nd h\rs1 & sometimes days1 )\t a fri5dly h& to b9d up a w\nd2 n a voice is he>d except ! dy+ groans ( _! fell[-suff]]s ar\nd !m4 ,no "o c describe ! horrors ( ! sc5e3 "h lies "o ) a fractur$ skull1 !re ano!r ) a sev]$ limb1 & a ?ird ) a lac]at$ body2 "s fa9t+ ) ! loss ( blood1 o!rs di/ract$1 & o!rs aga9 cry+ = help4 ,if su* are "s ( ! fa9t outl9es ( ! fatigues & suff]+s ( soldi]s1 !n _! occupation mu/ be an inhuman employm5t1 = !y are in/rum5tal 9 br++ ! same calamities on o!rs :i* !y suff] !mselves2 & ( c\rse x is unfri5dly to ! _s ( ! gospel1 & wrong = ,*ri/ians to engage 9 x4 ,,vi4 ,,w> ,,is ,,inhuman1 ,,z ,,x ,,de/roys ,,! ,,y\? ,,& ,,cuts ,,(f ,,! ,,hope ,,( ,,gray ,,hairs ,mank9d are spe$ily ha/5+ into et]nity1 & x might be suppos$ suffici5tly fa/ )\t ! aid ( all ! +5uity & /r5g? ( man to hurry !m =w>d2 yet x is a melan*oly tru? t a great proportion ( ! weal?1 tal5ts1 & labors ( m5 are actually employ$ 9 inv5t+ & us+ means = ! premature de/ruction ( _! fell[-be+s4 ,"o g5]ation passes away1 & ano!r foll[s 9 quick succession4 ,! "y are always ! /ay & hope ( ! ag$2 p>5ts labor & toil = _! *ildr5 to supply _! wants & to educate !m to be happy1 respectable1 & useful1 & !n dep5d ^u !m to be _! /ay & com=t 9 _! decl9+ ye>s4 ,alas1 h[ _m expectations ( fond p>5ts are bla/$6 ,_! sons are tak5 away f !m & hurri$ into ! field ( slaught]4 ,9 times ( w> ! y\?--! fl[]1 /r5g?1 & beauty ( ! c\ntry--are call$ f _! sob]1 hone/1 & useful employm5ts1 to ! field ( battle2 & if !y d n lose _! lives or limbs1 !y g5]ally lose _! habits ( morality & indu/ry4 ,alas6 few ev] return aga9 to ! bosom ( _! fri5ds4 ,?\gh f _! mi/ak5 & fasc9at+ views ( a soldi]'s life & honor !y may be delight$ 9 enli/+1 & m]ry 9 _! dep>ture f _! peaceful homes1 yet _! joy is soon turn$ into pa9 & sorr[4 ,un?9k+ y\?1 l ! horse1 ru%es ?\ghtlessly into ! battle4 ,rep5tance is !n too late2 to %r9k back is dea?1 & to g =w>d is only a fa9t hope ( life4 ,"h on ! dreadful field are ?\s&s & hundr$s ( ?\s&s driv5 toge!r to slaught] ea* o!r by a few ambiti\s m51 p]haps none ( :om are pres5t4 ,a l>ge proportion are probably ! y\? ( _! c\ntry1 ! delight & com=t ( _! p>5ts4 ,all ^! oppos+ numb]s are mo/ likely p]sons :o nev] knew or he>d ( ea* o!r1 hav+ no p]sonal ill-w1 mo/ ( :om w\ld 9 any o!r circum/ances n only n injure ea* o!r b be ready to aid 9 any k9d (fice2 yet by ! act ( w> !y are rang$ aga9/ ea* o!r 9 all ! helli% rage ( rev5ge & slaught]4 ,no p51 mu* less t ( ! writ]'s1 c describe ! inhumanity & horrors ( a battle4 ,all is confusion & dismay1 du/ & smoke aris+1 horses runn+1 trumpets bla/+1 cannon ro>+1 bullets :i/l+1 & ! %rieks ( ! w\nd$ & dy+ vibrat+ f e qu>t]4 ,column aft] column ( m5 *>ge ^u ea* o!r 9 furi\s onset1 ) ! awful cra% ( bayonets & sab]s1 ) eyes fla%+ & visages frightfully di/ort$ ) rage1 ru%+ ^u ea* o!r ) ! viol5ce ( bruti% mon/]s2 & :5 ^! are lit]ally cut to pieces o!rs m>* 9 quick succession1 only to %>e ! same cruel & bloody trag$y4 ,hundr$s are p>ry+ ! bl[s2 hundr$s m are ?ru/+ _! bayonets into ! b[els ( _! fell[-mortals1 & _m1 :ile extricat+ !m1 h _! own heads cleft asund] by swords & sab]s2 & all are hurri$ toge!r be=e ! tribunal ( _! ,judge1 ) he>ts full ( rage & h&s dy$ 9 ! blood ( _! bre?r54 ,o horrid & debas+ sc5e6 my he>t melts at ! contemplation1 & ,i =be> to dwell ^u ! inhuman employm5t4 ,,vii4 ,,w> ,,is ,,inhuman1 ,,z ,,x ,,multiplies ,,wid[s ,,& ,,orphans1 ,,& ,,clo!s ,,! ,,l& ,,9 ,,m\rn+ ,! wid[ & fa!rless are special objects ( div9e compassion1 & ,*ri/ianity b9ds m5 "u ! /ronge/ obligation to be k9d & m]ciful t[>ds !m1 z _! situation is peculi>ly t5d] & afflict+4 ,a fa!r ( ! fa!rless1 & a judge ( ! wid[1 is ,god 9 8 holy habitation4 ,pure religion & undefil$ be=e ,god & ! ,fa!r is ?is1 to visit ! fa!rless & wid[s 9 _! affliction4 ,to be active 9 any measure :i* has a natural t5d5cy to wantonly multiply wid[s & orphans 9 a l& is ! height ( inhumanity z well z d>+ impiety4 ,i w v5ture to say t no "o circum/ance 9 our _w has s greatly multipli$ wid[s & fa!rless *ildr5 z t ( w>4 ,:at has humanity ev] ga9$ by w> to c\nt]balance simply ! afflictions ( ! wid[ & fa!rless8 ,i v]ily believe no?+ comp>atively4 ,i am well aw>e t a v popul> plea = w> is to def5d1 z x is /yl$1 our firesides1 our wives & *ildr52 b ?is g5]ally is only a speci\s address to ! feel+s1 to r\se up a m>tial _s :i* makes ?\s&s ( wom5 & *ildr5 wret*$ :]e "o is made happy4 ,i am s5sible t ^? w sne] at my op9ion :o reg>d m ! honor t comes f m5 ?an !y d ! consolation ( ! wid[ & ! fa!rless4 ,9 times ( w> ?\s&s ( virtu\s wom5 are depriv$ ( _! husb&s & t5 ?\s&s ( helpless *ildr5 ( _! fa!rs4 ,! little t5d] *ildr5 may n[ ga!r r\nd _! disconsolate mo!rs1 anxi\sly inquir+ ab\t _! fa!rs1 rememb]+ _! k9d visages1 recollect+ h[ !y us$ fondly to d&le !m on _! knees & affectionately in/ruct !m2 b n[ !y are torn f _! embraces by ! cruelty ( w>1 & !y h no fa!rs left !m b _! ,fa!r 9 heav54 ,x is probably no exagg]ation to suppose t 9 ,europe !re are n[ two hundr$ ?\s& wid[s & a million fa!rless *ildr5 occasion$ by w>4 ,:at a mass ( affliction6 humanity ble$s at ! ?\ght6 ,^! *ildr5 mu/ n[ roam ab\t )\t a fa!r to provide =1 protect1 or in/ruct !m4 ,!y n[ become an easy prey to all k9ds ( vice2 _m probably w be tra9$ up = ignom9i\s dea?1 & mo/ ( !m fit only = a soldi]'s life1 to slaught] & to be slaught]$1 unless "s humane h& k9dly takes !m "u its protection4 ,& "h ,i _c help admir+ ! _s ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,x is ow+ to ! bless$ _s & temp] ( ! gospel ( peace t _m ( ! evils ( w> are s mu* ameliorat$ at ! pres5t day z well z ! inhuman slav]y ( m54 ,! num]\s asylums t n[ exi/ = ! relief ( ! ne$y1 ! wid[1 & ! fa!rless are "s ( ! preci\s fruits ( ,*ri/ianity2 & if ?is _s 7 univ]sal ! b[ w\ld soon be brok5 to pieces1 ! spe> cut asund]1 & ! *>iots ( w> burnt ) fire1 & w>s w\ld cease to ! ends ( ! e>?4 ,& is x n ! duty ( all :o "n ! "n ( ,*ri/ to d all 9 _! p[] to c\nt]act ?is de/roy+ evil8 ,w> n only multiplies wid[s & orphans b clo!s ! l& 9 m\rn+4 ,9 times ( w> multitudes ( p are clo!d ) ensigns ( m\rn+4 ,"h are gray-head$ p>5ts %r\d$ 9 blackness1 weep+ = ! loss ( d>l+ sons2 !re are wid[s cov]$ ) veils m\rn+ ! loss ( husb&s1 & refus+ to be com=t$2 *ildr5 cry+ because _! fa!rs are no m4 ,cities & villages are cov]$ 9 d>kness & desolation2 weep+ & m\rn+ arise f almo/ e abode4 ,& x may be ask$1 ,:at inhuman h& is ! cause ( all ?is sorr[8 ,p]haps "s ra% man1 9 ! impetuosity ( 8 _s1 has tak5 "s unju/1 high gr\nd1 & is too pr\d to retrace a /ep1 & _h r see millions wret*$ ?an to nobly confess t he _h be5 9 ! wrong4 ,surely ,*ri/ians _c be active 9 su* measures )\t incurr+ ! displeasure ( ,god1 :o /yles himself ! fa!r ( ! fa!rless & ! judge & av5g] ( ! wid[4 ,?us ,i h %[n t w> is inhuman & !re=e :olly inconsi/5t ) ,*ri/ianity1 by prov+ t x t5ds to de/roy humane dispositions2 t x h>d5s ! he>ts & blunts ! t5d] feel+s ( m52 t x involves ! abuse ( ,god's animal creation2 t x oppresses ! poor2 t x spreads t]ror & di/ress among mank9d2 t x subjects soldi]s to cruel privations & suff]+s2 t x de/roys ! y\? & cuts (f ! hope ( ! ag$2 & t x multiplies wid[s & orphans & occasions m\rn+ & sorr[4 ,! fact t w> is inhuman is inde$ "o ( ^? obvi\s tru?s :i* x is difficult to r5d] m pla9 by argum5t2 ^? :o "k 9 :at w> consi/s _c help kn[+ t x is inhuman4 ,:at ,mr4 ,w9dham said ) ref]5ce to ! inhumanity ( slav]y may be said ( ! inhumanity ( w>4 ,9 "o ( 8 spee*es 9 ! ,h\se ( ,commons aga9/ ! slave trade he /at$ 8 difficulty 9 argu+ aga9/ su* a trade to be ( t k9d :i* is felt 9 argu+ 9 favor ( a self-evid5t proposition4 ,if x 7 d5i$ t two & two made f\r1 x w\ld n be a v easy task1 he said1 to f9d argum5ts to support ! affirmative side ( ! "q4 ,precisely simil> 0 8 emb>rassm5t 9 hav+ to prove t ! slave trade 0 unju/ & inhuman4 ,:oev] admits t ! slave trade is inhuman mu/ admit t w> is inhuman 9 a great] v>iety ( ways & on a mu* l>g] scale4 ,! inhumanity ( ! slave trade 0 ! great &1 f9ally1 triumphant argum5t by :i* x 0 prov$ to be inconsi/5t ) ,*ri/ianity4 ,! advocates ( slav]y1 l ! advocates ( w>1 resort$ to ! ,old ,te/am5t = support2 b x appe>$ t slav]y1 z x appe>s t w>1 0 p]mitt$ & approv$ ( = reasons & on pr9ciples peculi> to ! anci5t economy4 ,?is is app>5t z well f ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! g5]al design ( ! old & new disp5sations z f ! :ole g5ius & _s ( ! gospel4 ,h5ce ^? :o oppos$ ! slave trade argu$ f ! g5]al nature & _s ( ,*ri/ianity z ! /ronge/ gr\nd :i* c\ld be tak54 ,if slav]y 0 inconsi/5t ) ?is1 x ought n to be tol]at$2 b slav]y is inhuman & is !re=e inconsi/5t ) ,*ri/ianity4 ,exactly ! same is true ( w>1 nor c any?+ %ort ( an express revelation f ,god1 comm&+ w> or slav]y1 r5d] ei!r ( !m ju/ifiable4 ,x des]ves to be di/9ctly consid]$ t ! gospel conta9s little or no?+ directly by way ( precept aga9/ slav]y2 b slav]y is inconsi/5t ) its g5]al requirem5ts & inculcations & is !re=e wrong4 ,b w>1 besides be+ inconsi/5t ) ! g5ius & _s ( ! gospel1 is prohibit$ by ^? precepts :i* =bid retaliation & rev5ge & ^? :i* require =giv5ess & good w4 ,x is pla91 !n1 t he :o does n advocate & def5d ! slave trade1 to be consi/5t1 mu/ grant t w> is incompatible ) ,*ri/ianity1 & t x is a violation ( ! gospel to c\nt5ance x4 ,,w> ,,is ,,unwise ,t ! pr9ciples & practice ( w> are unwise ,i argue3 ,i4 ,,because1 ,,in/ead ,,( ,,prev5t+1 ,,!y ,,provoke ,,insult ,,& ,,mis*ief ,! maxim1 t 9 ord] to pres]ve peace1 mank9d mu/ be prep>$ = w>1 has become s common1 & sanction$ by su* high au?ority1 t few "q its wisdom or policy2 b if /ripp$ ( its speci\s g>b1 x may appe> to proce$ n f t wisdom :i* came d[n f above1 :i* is fir/ pure1 !n peaceable1 g5tle1 easy to be entreat$1 full ( m]cy & good fruits1 )\t p>tiality1 & )\t hypocrisy2 & if x is n ! wisdom f above1 !n x mu/ be ! wisdom f b5ea?4 ,are n pride1 av>ice1 & rev5ge ! se$s ( all k9ds ( c>nal w>f>e8 ,f ^! gr[ all ! qu>rel+ among *ildr51 ! discord among families1 ! bick]+s1 law suits1 & broils among neighbors1 ! box+ among bullies1 ! duel+ among mod]n g5tlem51 & w>s among nations4 ,!y all orig9ate f "o & ! same _s4 ,n[1 is ! mild1 meek1 & peaceable man1 un>m$1 m liable to inspire jeal\sy 9 o!rs t he is ab\t to insult & abuse !m ?an ! high-ton$ dueli/ :o con/antly c>ries ) him dea?ly weapons8 ,does he1 9 fact1 s (t5 get into difficulty1 qu>rel+ & fight+8 ,! respectable ,society ( ,fri5ds /&s a liv+ monum5t to answ] ! "q4 ,on ! pr9ciples ( self-def5se1 z !y are /yl$1 if "o man suspects an injury f ano!r1 unless he is naturally a m p[]ful man1 he mu/ take a cane1 z ! pr9ciples ( self-def5se require a sup]ior p[] 9 y\r own h&1 ei!r by art or muscul> /r5g?4 ,:5 ! o!r le>ns ! suspicions & sees ! prep>ation1 he 9 8 turn mu/ take a bludgeon to pres]ve ! balance ( p[] & proclaim a ?reat5+ to awe 8 antagoni/1 :o mu/ n[ take a sword & return a ?reat5+ 9 ord] to ma9ta9 8 dignity2 = x w n d = m5 ( honor to retract1 h[ev] mu* !y may be 9 ! wrong4 ,! o!r1 aga91 mu/ take a dea?ly weapon = 8 def5se1 & no?+ is n[ want+ b an unhappy meet+ to set ea* o!r's blood a fl[+4 ,mu* 9 ! same way d nations (t5 get into desp]ate w>f>e4 ,"o nation is busily increas+ its milit>y /r5g? on ! plausible maxim ( pres]v+ peace & ma9ta9+ its rights4 ,ano!r nation views ! prep>ations ) a jeal\s eye1 & also goes to "w on ! same pr9ciple to make =midable prep>ations4 ,all ! nations ar\nd take ! al>m1 & on ! same pr9ciple beg9 active prep>ations1 all vy+ ) ea* o!r to become ! mo/ =midable4 ,if "o s5ds an ambassador to inquire ! cause ( ! great prep>ations1 ! answ] always is1 let ! motive be :at x may1 ,= _! own def5se4 ,!n ! o!r makes new ex]tions & beg9s to =tify t[ns on ! conf9es ( 8 neighbor1 :o mu/ n only d ! same b m>* a l>ge army = ! def5se ( 8 fronti]2 & ! o!r mu/ d likewise4 ,by ?is "t1 if no old qu>rel rema9$ unsettl$1 p]haps "o *>ges ! o!r ) encroa*m5t on t]ritory2 ! o!r d5ies ! *>ge1 & cont5ds %>ply = 8 pret5d$ rights4 ,m9i/]s may be int]*ang$1 & :ile negotiations are p5d+ a high tone mu/ be tak5 by bo? p>ties1 = ?is is an ess5tial pr9ciple 9 ! doctr9e ( self-def5se2 ! contr>y w\ld betray weakness & fe>4 ,newspap]s mu/ be u%]$ =? ) flam+ pieces to r\se1 z x is call$1 ! _s ( ! c\ntries1 s z to impress ^u ! populace ! idea t ! approa*+ w> is j & necess>y1 = all w>s mu/ be j & necess>y on bo? sides4 ,9 ! meantime envoys extraord9>y may be s5t to o!r p[]s by ea* p>ty to enli/ _! aid1--mo/ ( :om are already prep>$ = w>1--& ea* "o selects 8 side accord+ to 8 int]e/s & feel+s4 ,at l5g? ! ultimatum is giv5 & refus$1 & ! dreadful conflict comm5ces4 ,few w>s1 h[ev]1 beg9 9 ?is sl[ & progressive mode2 a trifl+ aggression is suffici5t to bl[ up ! flame ) nations already prep>$4 ,?us1 we see1 nations resemble bulldogs :o happ5 to meet4 ,!y w fir/ raise _! hairs1 %[ _! tee?1 !n gr[l1 & !n seize ^u ea* o!r ) all _! /r5g? & fury2 & bulldogs h some?+ ( ! same k9d ( honor1 = !y scorn to retreat4 ,h5ce we see t ! ackn[l$g$ pr9ciples ( def5sive w> are ! vital spr+s ( mo/ ( ! w>s t agitate & desolate our _w4 ,! pret5d$ di/9ction betwe5 (f5sive & def5sive w> is b a "n4 ,all p>ties engag$ 9 w> proclaim to ! _w t !y only are fight+ 9 def5se ( _! rights1 & t _! enemies are ! aggressors2 :ile x may be impossible = man to decide :i* are mo/ 9 ! wrong4 ,! popul> maxim ( be+ prep>$ = w> 9 ord] to be at peace may be se5 to be errone\s 9 fact1 = ! hi/ory ( nations abundantly %[s t few nations ev] made great prep>ations = w> & rema9$ long 9 peace4 ,:5 nations prep>e = w> !y actually g to w>1 & tell ! _w t _! prep>ations 7 n a m]e %[4 ,?us we may see t ! pr9ciples & prep>ations ( w> actually eng5d] w> in/ead ( promot+ peace2 & ( c\rse !y are unwise1 &1 if unwise1 !n x is folly = ,*ri/ians to engage 9 !m4 ,,ii4 ,,w> ,,is ,,unwise1 ,,= ,,in/ead ,,( ,,dim9i%+1 ,,x ,,increases ,,difficulties ,z ! pr9ciples & prep>ations ( w> h a natural t5d5cy to g5]ate w> & are actually ! cause ( a great proportion ( ! w>s :i* d exi/1 s actual ho/ilities h a natural t5d5cy to increase difficulties & to spread abroad ! de/roy+ evil4 ,x is almo/ impossible = any two nations to be long engag$ 9 w> )\t int]f]+ ) ! rights & privileges ( o!r nations1 :i* g5]ally awakes _! jeal\sy & res5tm5t1 s t mo/ ( ! surr\nd+ nations are drawn into ! de/ructive vortex1 :i* is ! m easily done1 z w> inflames ! m>tial _s 9 o!r nations n engag$1 & r\ses up ! desp]ate passions ( m54 ,besides1 ! bellig]5t nations are n cont5t ) suff]+ !mselves1 b use e art & p]suasion to get ! neighbor+ nations to jo9 !m2 & !y are g5]ally too successful1 = x seldom happ5s t two nations engage 9 w> = a l5g? ( "t & conclude a peace be=e !y h involv$ o!r nations 9 _! difficulties & di/resses1 & (t5 a great proportion ( ! _w is 9 arms4 ,moreov]1 ! nations :o fir/ engage 9 ! conte/ always wid5 ! brea* betwe5 !mselves by w>4 ,x is mu* easi] settl+ difficulties betwe5 individuals or nations be=e actual ho/ilities comm5ce ?an aft]w>ds4 ,mank9d are n apt to be any m mild & accommodat+ 9 a /ate ( actual w>f>e4 ,besides1 new difficulties con/antly arise4 ,! passions become inflam$1 & *>ges are (t5 made ( violat+ ! e/abli%$ laws ( civiliz$ w>f>e1 :i* laws1 h[ev]1 are g5]ally b\nd$ only by ! /r5g? ( p[]4 ,if "o p>ty makes an incursion into ! o!r's t]ritory & /orms a =tifi$ place & burns ! t[n1 ! o!r p>ty mu/ !n make a desp]ate ef=t to retaliate ! same k9d ( de/ruction1 to a d\ble degree1 on ! t[ns ( _! enemy4 ,retaliation1 or r5d]+ evil = evil1 is n only all[$ by ,mahometans & pagans1 b is an op5 & av[$ pr9ciple 9 ! doctr9e ( self-def5se among pr(ess$ ,*ri/ian nations2 n only is x sanction$ by ! laity1 b too (t5 by ! prie/s :o m9i/] 9 ! "n ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,bo? ( ! cont5d+ p>ties g5]ally seize on ea* o!r's possessions :]ev] !y c get hold ( !m1 :e!r on ! seas or on ! l&4 ,! b>b>\s spoliations on ea* o!r /ir up ! passions ( ! great mass ( _! inhabitants1 until !y e/eem x a virtue to view ea* o!r z natural & p]petual enemies1 & !n _! rul]s c prosecute ! w> ) :at !y call vigor4 ,c ! w\nd n[ be s easily heal$ z x c\ld h be5 be=e x became ?us lac]at$ & inflam$8 ,facts speak to ! contr>y1 & nations seldom attempt negotiations = peace "u su* circum/ances4 ,!y g5]ally prosecute ! w> ) all _! p[] until "o p>ty or ! o!r is ov]come1 or until bo? h exhau/$ _! /r5g?1 & !n !y may mutually agree to a tempor>y peace to ga9 a little respite1 :5 p]haps ! orig9al matt] ( dispute has become comp>atively s trifl+ t x is almo/ left out ( ! acc\nt4 ,) a small _s ( =be>ance & accommodation h[ easily might ! difficulties h be5 settl$ be=e su* an imm5se loss ( blood & treasure6 ,if w> does actually increase1 in/ead ( dim9i%+1 difficulties1 !n x mu/ be v unwise to engage 9 x4 ,,iii4 ,,w> ,,is ,,unwise1 ,,because ,,x ,,de/roys ,,prop]ty ,prop]ty is :at a great proportion ( mank9d are /ruggl+ to obta91 & _m at ! haz>d ( _! lives4 ,?\gh 9 "s in/ances !y may misuse x1 yet x is ! gift ( ,god1 & :5 made subs]vi5t to m important ?+s1 x may be a bless+ to individuals & communities4 ,x has 9 x1 !re=e1 a real value1 & ought n to be wantonly de/roy$ :ile x may be us$ z an in/rum5t = b5efit+ mank9d4 ,x is a notori\s fact t w> does make a great de/ruction ( prop]ty4 ,?\s&s ( individuals on sea & on l& lose _! all1 = ! acquisition ( :i* !y may h sp5t ! prime ( _! lives4 ,%ips on ! high seas are tak51 (t5 burnt or scuttl$1 & valuable c>goes s5t to ! bottom ( ! deep1 "s possibly lad5 ) ! necess>ies ( life & b\nd to ports :]e ! innoc5t inhabitants 7 9 a /ate ( fam9e4 ,:ole c\ntries are laid wa/e by only ! pass+ ( an imm5se army3 h\ses are defac$1 furniture brok5 to pieces1 ! /ores ( families eat5 up1 cornfields trodd5 d[n1 f5ces torn away & us$ = fuel1 & ev]y?+ swept 9 its tra9 z ) ! besom ( de/ruction m t]rible to ! inhabitants ?an ! /orms ( heav5 :5 s5t 9 judgm5t4 ,beautiful t[ns are (t5 lit]ally torn to pieces ) %ot & %ells4 ,v5]able cities1 ! labor & pride ( ages1 are buri$ 9 a%es amid dev\r+ flames1 :ile 9 melan*oly gr&eur ! fire & smoke rise to heav5 & seem to cry = v5geance on ! de/roy]s4 ,not)/&+ an av>ici\s individual or nation may occasionally 9 w> acquire by plund] f _! bre?r5 a little weal?1 yet !y usually lose on ! :ole m ?an !y ga94 ,on ! g5]al scale ! loss is incalculable4 ,x is n my object to exam9e ! subject 9 relation to any p>ticul> nation or w>1 b ^u ! g5]al scale 9 application to all w>like nations & all w>s "u ! light ( ! gospel4 ,if w> does de/roy prop]ty1 r$uce individuals to begg>y1 & impov]i% nations1 !n x is unwise to engage 9 x4 ,,iv4 ,,w> ,,is ,,unwise1 ,,z ,,x ,,is ,,dang]\s ,,to ,,! ,,lib]ties ,,( ,,m5 ,lib]ty is ! gift ( ,god1 & ought to be de> to e man2 n1 h[ev]1 t lic5ti\s lib]ty :i* is n 9 subord9ation to 8 comm&s4 ,m5 are n indep5d5t ( ,god4 ,he is _! creator1 pres]v]1 & b5efactor4 ,9 8 h& _! brea? is1 & he has a "r to d :at he w ) 8 own2 & ! ,judge ( all ! e>? w d "r4 ,z man is n ! creator & proprietor ( man1 he has no "r to infr+e on 8 lib]ty or life )\t 8 express div9e comm&2 & !n he acts only z ! executor ( ,god4 ,man1 !re=e1 be>s a v diff]5t relation to ,god f :at he does to 8 fell[-man4 ,! :ole sy/em ( w> is tyrannical & subv]sive ( ! fundam5tal pr9ciples ( lib]ty4 ,x (t5 br+s ! great mass ( community "u ! sev]e bondage ( milit>y despotism1 s t _! lives & =tunes are at ! sport ( a tyrant4 ,:]e m>tial law is proclaim$1 lib]ty is ca/ d[n1 & despotism raises h] horrid ensign 9 its place & fills ! dungeons & scaffolds ) h] victims4 ,soldi]s 9 actual s]vice are r$uc$ to ! mo/ abject slav]y1 n able to comm& _! "t = a mom5t1 & are con/antly driv5 ab\t l bea/s by petty tyrants4 ,9 !m is exhibit$ ! ridicul\s absurdity ( m5 ru%+ into bondage & de/ruction to pres]ve or acquire _! lib]ty & save _! lives4 ,:5 ! inhabitants ( a c\ntry are cruelly oppress$ by a despotic gov]nm5t1 & !y rise 9 mass to ?r[ (f ! yoke1 !y are z (t5 z o!rwise cru%$ b5ea? ! weight ( ! p[] "u :i* !y groan$1 & !n _! suff]+s are greatly increas$2 & if !y ga9 _! object aft] a long & sangu9>y /ruggle1 !y actually suff] m on ! :ole ?an !y w\ld h suff]$ _h !y rema9$ 9 peace4 ,x is g5]ally ! provid5ce ( ,god1 too1 to make a p :o h ?r[n (f ! yoke ( _! oppressor sm>t m sev]ely "u ! gov]nm5t ( _! own *oice ?an !y did "u ! gov]nm5t :i* !y de/roy$4 ,?is fact ought well to be consid]$ by e "o ( a revolution>y _s4 ,w> actually g5]ates a _s ( an>*y & rebellion :i* is de/ructive to lib]ty4 ,:5 ! inhabitants ( a c\ntry are engag$ 9 ! peaceable employm5ts ( agriculture1 manufactures1 & comm]ce1 an>*y & rebellion seldom happ54 ,:5 ^! useful employm5ts fl\ri%1 abundance fl[s 9 on e side1 g5tl5ess & humanity ca/ a smile ov] ! l&1 & pleasure beams 9 almo/ e c\nt5ance4 ,to turn ! att5tion ( a nation f ^! hone/ employm5ts to t ( w> is an evil ( unspeakable magnitude4 ,! great object 9 times ( w> is to r\se up :at is /yl$ ! _s ( ! c\ntry1--:i*1 9 fact1 is no?+ b inflam+ ! mo/ de/ructive passions aga9/ its own peace & safety4 ,if y infuse into a nation ! _s ( w> = ! sake ( fight+ a =eign enemy1 y d t :i* is (t5 mo/ dang]\s to its own lib]ties2 = if y make peace ) ! common enemy1 y d n de/roy ! _s ( w> among y\r own inhabitants2 pride1 discont5t1 & rev5ge w g5]ally agitate ! :ole body1 s t an>*y & confusion w fill ! l&1 & no?+ b a despotic p[] c re/ra9 x2 & (t5 absolute despotism is too feeble to )/& x1 & ! only rem$y is aga9 to seek a common enemy4 ,nations h sometimes wag$ w> aga9/ o!r nations because !re 0 su* a _s ( w> among _! own inhabitants t !y c\ld n be re/ra9$ f fight+1 & if !y _h n a common foe !y w\ld fight "o ano!r4 ,s :5 a nation once un%ea!s ! sword1 x _c easily return ! sword aga9 to ! scabb>d1 b mu/ keep x crimson$ ) ! blood ( man until !y :o take ! sword %all p]i% ) ! sword1 agreeably to ! d5unciation ( ,heav54 ,to inflame a mild republic ) ! _s ( w> is putt+ all its lib]ties to ! utmo/ haz>d1 & is an evil t few appe> to und]/& or appreciate4 ,no p]son c calculate ! greatness ( ! evil to trans=m ! citiz5s ( a peaceful1 indu/ri\s republic into a b& ( furi\s soldi]s2 & yet ! unhappy policy ( nations is to cultivate a m>tial _s t !y may appe> gr&1 p[]ful1 & t]rific1 :5 9 fact !y are k9dl+ flames t w ev5tually burn !m up root & bran*4 ,9 confirmation ( :at has be5 said1 if we exam9e ! hi/ory ( nations we %all f9d t !y h g5]ally lo/ _! lib]ties 9 consequ5ce ( ! _s & practice ( w>4 ,?us h republics :o h boa/$ ( _! fre$om lo/ _! lib]ty "o aft] ano!r1 & t ?is has result$ f ! v nature ( w> & its insep>able evils is evid5t f ! fact t s viol5t & deadly is ?is curr5t ( ru91 republics h g5]ally sunk d[n to ! l[e/ abyss ( tyranny & despotism1 or h be5 annihilat$ & _! inhabitants scatt]$ to ! f\r w9ds ( heav54 ,inde$1 :at nation t has become ext9ct did n fir/ lose its lib]ty by w>1 & !n ha/5 to its end "u ! dom9ion ( ^? passions :i* w> inflames8 ,d nations ev] enjoy s mu* lib]ty z :5 mo/ free f ! _s ( w>8 ,are _! lib]ties ev] s little endang]$ z :5 ?is _s is allay$ & all its =eign excitem5ts remov$8 ,d n nations t h p>tially lo/ _! civil lib]ties gradually rega9 !m 9 proportion z !y cont9ue long )\t w>8 ,is x n a common s5tim5t t ! lib]ties ( a p are 9 dang] :5 w> engrosses _! att5tion8 ,on ! :ole1 is x n und5iable t peace is favorable to lib]ty1 & t w> is its enemy & its ru98 ,if s1 :at c be m unwise1 :at m opposite to e dictate ( s\nd wisdom & policy1 ?an ! _s & practice ( w>8 ,v4 ,,w> ,,is ,,unwise1 ,,z ,,x ,,dim9i%es ,,! ,,happ9ess ,,( ,,mank9d ,happ9ess is ! pr(ess$ object :i* mo/ m5 are /riv+ to obta94 ,alas6 few1 comp>atively1 seek x :]e x is alone to be f\nd4 ,b t happ9ess :i* fl[s f ! b5evol5t _s ( ! gospel is to be priz$ f> above rubies2 x is a treasure inf9itely surpass+ any?+ t c be f\nd m]ely 9 ri*es1 honors1 & pleasures4 ,b w> always dim9i%es ! aggregate ( happ9ess 9 ! _w4 ,:5 nations wage w> ^u ea* o!r1 all classes ( _! inhabitants are m or less oppress$4 ,!y are subject$ to v>i\s privations2 prosp]ity decl9es2 ext]nal s\rces ( happ9ess are mo/ly dri$ up2 anxiety = fri5ds1 loss ( relations1 loss ( prop]ty1 ! fe> ( pillage1 sev]e s]vices1 great privations1 & ! dread ( conque/ keep !m con/antly di/ress$4 ,!y are l ! tr\bl$ sea t _c re/1 ^: wat]s ca/ up mire & dirt4 ,^? actually engag$ 9 w> g5]ally suff] privations & h>d%ips ( ! sev]e/ k9d4 ,ev5 ! sage c\nselors :o decl>e w>s are (t5 9 s great anxiety & pa9 z to ! result ( _! ent]prises z to be unable quietly to refre% !mselves ) food or sleep4 ,all ! rejoic+s occasion$ by milit>y success are fully c\nt]balanc$ by ! pa9 & mortification ( ! vanqui%$2 &1 9 %ort1 all ! int]e/ & happ9ess result+ f w> to individuals & nations are de>ly b\ght1 & are at ! exp5se ( o!r individuals & nations4 ,x is because w> has no t5d5cy to increase1 b does 9 fact greatly dim9i%1 happ9ess t x is s univ]sally reg>d$ & lam5t$ z ! greate/ evil t visits our _w4 ,h5ce fa/+ has g5]ally be5 practic$ by w>like ,*ri/ian nations to deplore ! calamity1 to humble !mselves be=e ,god1 & to supplicate 8 m]cy 9 turn+ away ! judgm5t4 ,?\gh fa/+ & deep humility be=e ,god is highly suitable = s9n]s1 ) a he>ty turn+ away f _! s9s & humble supplication = ,god's m]cy ?r\gh ! m$iation ( ,*ri/1 yet ^? fa/s ( nations :o h volunt>ily engag$ 9 w> & are det]m9$ to prosecute x until _! lu/s & passions are gratifi$ d n appe> to be su* fa/s z ,god requires4 ,does x n appe> absurd = nations volunt>ily to engage 9 w>1 & !n to proclaim a fa/ to humble !mselves be=e ,god = its evils1 :ile !y h no desire to turn away f !m1 b1 on ! contr>y1 make x an express object to seek ! div9e aid 9 assi/+ !m successfully to p]petuate x8 ,we (t5 see cont5d+ nations1 all ( :om _c be "r1 on any pr9ciple1 proclaim+ fa/s1 & *ant+ =? _! solemn ,te ,deums z ea* may occasionally be victori\s4 ,?\gh su* cla%+ hymns _c m+le 9 ! gold5 c5s]1 yet few ,*ri/ians seem to "q ! propriety ( qu>rel+ & fight+ nations ea* 9 _! turn supplicat+ aid 9 _! unhall[$ und]tak+s & return+ ?anks 9 case ( success4 ,d\btless _m w\ld consid] x z solemn mock]y to see two dueli/s be=e _! meet+ supplicat+ ,god's bless+ & protection 9 ! h\r ( conflict1 & !n to see ! victor return+ ?anks = 8 success 9 %$d+ ! blood ( 8 bro!r2 & yet1 :5 nations c>ry on ! bus9ess by :olesale 7if ,i may be all[$ ! expression7 x is consid]$ a v pi\s employm5t4 ,! ,"l has said1 ,& :5 ye spread =? y\r h&s1 ,i w hide m9e eyes f y3 yea1 :5 ye make _m pray]s1 ,i w n he>2 y\r h&s are full ( blood4 ,p5it5t ,*ri/ians may weep & m\rn ) propriety = _! own s9s & ! s9s ( ! nations1 ) a he>ty desire n only to =sake _! own iniquities1 b t ! nations may be br\ght to confess & =sake _! s9s & turn f !m to ! liv+ ,god4 ,x is true t w> is a judgm5t 9 ,god's provid5ce4 ,x is also a s9 ( ! highe/ magnitude & ought to be rep5t$ (4 ,x is a crime s provok+ to ,heav5 t o!r calamities g5]ally att5d x4 ,! fam9e1 fire1 & pe/il5ce (t5 att5d its horrors & spread di/ress ?r\gh a l&4 ,w> ) its att5d+ evils unque/ionably dim9i%es ! aggregate ( happ9ess 9 ! _w1 & is !re=e unwise4 ,,vi4 ,,w> ,,is ,,unwise1 ,,z ,,x ,,does ,,n ,,m5d1 ,,b ,,injures1 ,,! ,,morals ,,( ,,society ,! /r5g?1 def5se1 & glory ( a c\ntry consi/s prim>ily 9 ! good moral "* ( its inhabitants4 ,! virtu\s & ! good are ! salt t pres]ve x f ru94 ,says ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,mill] 9 8 s]mon on ! dea? ( ,dr4 ,rog]s 7pages #cff & #chh ( ! ,memoirs71 ,x is manife/ f ! :ole t5or ( 8 ^w t ,god is sl[ to inflict heavy judgm5ts ^u a nation 9 :i* _m ( 8 p dwell2 t he (t5 sp>es x1 spreads ov] x ! protection ( 8 provid5ce1 & f9ally deliv]s x = _! sake2 &1 ( c\rse1 t ! pres5ce ( 8 belov$ *ildr51 speak+ aft] ! mann] ( m51 is a bett] def5se ?an *>iots & horsem51 a bett] def5se ?an all ! plans ( m]e politicians1 ?an all ! skill1 c\rage1 & activity ( m]e w>riors4 ,aga91 ,i h no d\bt t x is z great & preci\s a tru? at ?is day z x ev] 01 t a pray+ p are1 "u ,god1 ! greate/ security ( a nation4 ,:5 ! inhabitants ( a c\ntry become g5]ally pr(ane & dissolute 9 _! mann]s1 slaves to dissipation & vice1 x is usually ,god's provid5ce soon to visit !m 9 8 wra? & let loose ! in/rum5ts ( 8 de/roy+ v5geance2 h[ important1 !re=e1 9 a temporal po9t ( view1 is ! pres]vation ( good morals to a nation4 ,b no ev5t has s p[]ful a t5d5cy to de/roy ! morals ( a p z t ( actual w>4 ,x draws ! att5tion ( ! inhabitants f useful employm5ts2 x g5]ates curiosity1 dissipation1 & idl5ess1 & awakes all ! furi\s passions ( m54 ,w> occasions a great pr(anation ( ! ,sabba?4 ,"u ,god's provid5ce ! ,sabba? has always be5 a great b>ri] aga9/ vice1 & ! obs]vance ( x is indisp5sable to good morals4 ,9 "t ( w> ! ,sabba? among soldi]s is (t5 a day ( p>ade4 ,9 ! /reets ( ! be/-regulat$ cities may be se5 soldi]s m>*+1 flags fly+1 drums & fifes play+1 & a rabble ( *ildr5 foll[+ 9 ! tra94 ,n[ all ?is is n only calculat$ to dissipate all rev]5tial respect = ! solemnities ( ! day among ! soldi]s1 b is calculat$ to de/roy ! respect & obs]vance ( ! day ) :i* ! *ildr5 & y\? h be5 inspir$4 ,add to ?is1 flags are susp5d$ f ! w9d[s ( tav]ns & grog%ops to entice 9 ! y\? by ! intoxicat+ cup4 ,9 ! camp ! ,sabba? is almo/ =gott5 & r5d]$ a common day4 ,armies f pr(ess+ ,*ri/ian nations z (t5 beg9 (f5sive op]ations on ! ,sabba? z on any o!r day2 & pr(ess+ ,*ri/ians n only tol]ate all ?is b approve ( x z a "w ( necessity & m]cy4 ,w> occasions di%one/y4 ,9 c\ntries :]e armies are rais$ by volunt>y enli/m5t all k9ds ( deception & art are practic$ by recruit+ (fic]s1 & conniv$ at by _! gov]nm5ts1 to induce ! he$less y\? to enli/4 ,! honor & glory ( ! employm5t is held up to view 9 false colors2 ! importance ( _! b\nty & wages are magnifi$2 ! lightness ( ! duty & opportunities = amusem5ts & recreation are held out2 & probably "o half h ! assurances ( be+ noncommission$ (fic]s1 ) a flatt]+ prospect ( a spe$y advancem5t2 & prospects ( plund] are also held out to _! cupidity4 ,^! deceptive motives are daily urg$ "u ! /imulat+ p[] ( ard5t spirits & ! fasc9at+ *>ms ( m>tial music & milit>y f9]y4 ,_m a "y man :o has ent]$ ! r5dezv\s f curiosity or = ! sake ( a dram1 )\t ! lea/ idea ( jo9+ ! army1 has be5 entrapp$ into intoxication1 & 8 h& !n grasp$ ! p5 to seal 8 fate4 ,recruits aft] jo9+ ! army f9d f exp]i5ce t mo/ ( ! allurem5ts held out to !m to enli/ 7 b a deception1 & f lu/ & want !y (t5 become petty ?ieves & plund]]s to repay !m = _! great privations1 fatigues1 & suff]+s4 ,w> occasions drunk5ness1--"o ( ! greate/ evils & mo/ de/ructive to morality1 z a multitude ( o!r vices necess>ily foll[ 9 its tra94 ,_m a "y man has ent]$ ! milit>y ranks temp]ate1 & has return$ f !m a sot4 ,all ! enticem5ts ( liquor are exhibit$ 9 ! mo/ invit+ =ms to y\? 9 ! /reets by ! recruit+ (fic]1 to tempt !m to enli/2 & :ile ^? :o h enroll$ !mselves rema9 at ! r5dezv\s1 !y are probably e day intoxicat$ ) ! inebriat+ poison1 s\l & body1 & soon ! habit becomes confirm$4 ,:ile 9 actual s]vice _! fatigues are s great t !y gre$ily lay hold on ! de/roy+ liquor :]ev] !y c f9d x to exhil>ate _! languid frames1 ev5 if !y _h n be=e acquir$ an insatiable ?ir/2 & soon ?is dete/able evil w become s en*ant+ t !y w n only b>t] away _! wages = x b _! necess>y clo?+4 ,if !y survive ! campaign & return to _! homes1 !y are (t5 ! visitors ( grog%ops & tav]ns1 & by _! m>vel\s /ories attract ! populace ar\nd !m1 :o mu/ jo9 !m 9 circulat+ ! cup2 & ?us !y spread ?is de/roy+ evil all ar\nd4 ,w> occasions pr(an5ess4 ,pr(an5ess is an abom9ation 9 ! sight ( ,god3 ,= ! ,"l w n hold him guiltless :o take? 8 "n 9 va94 ,pr(an5ess draws d[n ! judgm5ts ( heav51 = because ( swe>+ ! l& m\rne?4 ,t soldi]s are g5]ally consid]$ m pr(ane ?an o!r m5 is evid5t1 because x has become a prov]b t su* a p]son is z pr(ane z a soldi]1 or a man-(-w>'s man4 ,"y m5 :o h be5 taught to rev]e ! "n ( ! ,god ( _! fa!rs may %udd] at ! awful pr(anations t fill _! e>s :5 !y fir/ ent] an army2 b if de/itute ( grace 9 ! he>t1 ! s\nd w soon cease to (f5d1 & !y w eag]ly inhale ! blasphem\s brea? & become *ampions 9 impiety4 ,= want ( habit !y may n swe> ) s easy a grace z ! old] soldi]s2 !y w = t reason make great ex]tions & inv5t new oa?s1 :i* w /imulate _! fell[s aga9 to exce$ 9 d>+ impiety4 ,seldom does a soldi] return f ! camp )\t ! f\l m\? ( pr(anity4 ,a/oni%+ to ?9k t ^? :o are mo/ expos$ to dea? %\ld be mo/ d>+ 9 wick$ness6 ,w> occasions gambl+4 ,a great proportion ( ! amusem5ts ( ! camp are petty plays at *ance1 & ! /ake usually a dr9k ( grog4 ,! play is fasc9at+4 ,multitudes ( soldi]s become e/abli%$ gambl]s to ! ext5t ( _! ability1 & (t51 if !y return to society1 spread ! evil among _! neighbors4 ,w> begets a _s ( qu>rel+1 box+1 & duel+2 & no wond] t x %\ld1 = ! :ole bus9ess ( w> is no?+ else b qu>rel+ & fight+4 ,! soldi]'s ambition is to be a bully1 a h]o1 & to be c>eless ( 8 own life & ! lives ( o!rs4 ,he is !re=e impati5t 9 contradiction1 receives an insult :]e none 0 int5d$1 & is ready to r$ress ! suppos$ injury ) ! valor ( 8 own arms2 = x w n d = soldi]s to %r9k f ! conte/ & be c[>ds4 ,w> de/roys ! habits ( indu/ry & produces idl5ess4 ,indu/ry is necess>y to good morals z well z to ! weal? & happ9ess ( a c\ntry1 & e wise gov]nm5t w take all laudable means to enc\rage x2 b a l>ge proportion ( common soldi]s :o may return f ! armies h lo/ ! reli% & habits ( manual labor & are (t5 f\nd loit]+ ab\t 9 public places1 & if !y engage 9 any k9ds ( labor1 x is ) a heavy h& & g5]ally to little purpose4 ,!y !re=e make bad husb&s1 unhappy neighbors1 & are worse ?an a dead weight 9 society4 ,_! *ildr5 are badly educat$ & provid$ =1 & tra9$ up to demoraliz+ habits1 :i* are h&$ d[n f g5]ation to g5]ation4 ,^! immoralities1 & _m m t might be nam$1 are n conf9$ to soldi]s 9 "t ( w>1 b !y are diffus$ m or less ?r\gh ! :ole mass ( community2 & w> produces a g5]al corruption 9 a nation1 & is !re=e unwise1 ev5 9 a temporal po9t ( view4 ,b :5 we consid] ! natural effects ( ^! immoralities on ! s\ls ( m51 all temporal advantages are 9 comp>ison annihilat$4 ,9 ?is s*ool ( vice millions are rip5+ = et]nal woe4 ,! de/roy+ influ5ce w spread & diffuse itself ?r\gh ! :ole mass ( society unless ! _s ( ! ,"l lifts up a /&>d aga9/ x4 ,! /ate ( morals1 s mu* depress$ by ! ,am]ican ,revolution1 0 only rais$ by ! bless$ effusions ( ,god's holy _s4 ,if w> does actually demoralize a p1 !n no wise p]son c consi/5tly engage 9 x4 ,,vii4 ,,w> ,,is ,,unwise1 ,,z ,,x ,,is ,,haz>d+ ,,et]nal ,,?+s ,,= ,,only ,,! ,,*ance ,,( ,,def5d+ ,,temporal ,,?+s ,says our bless$ ,savi\r3 ,= :at is a man pr(it$1 if he %\ld ga9 ! :ole _w1 & lose 8 own s\l8 ,! loss ( a s\l inf9itely exce$s all f9ite calculations4 ,x is n only depriv$ =ev] & ev] ( all good b is plung$ into mis]y inexpressible & ev]la/+4 ,all temporal ?+s dw9dle to no?+ :5 plac$ 9 comp>ison ) et]nal realities4 ,! rights1 lib]ties1 & weal? ( nations are ( little value comp>$ ) "o immortal s\l4 ,b a/oni%+ to ?9k t millions & millions h be5 put at ev]la/+ haz>d only = ! *ance ( def5d+ temporal ?+s6 ,! habits & mann]s ( a soldi]'s life are calculat$1 z we h already se51 to demoralize !m1 to oblit]ate all e>ly s]i\s impressions1 to introduce & confirm !m 9 ! mo/ d>+ wick$ness & fit !m = ev]la/+ de/ruction4 ,& not)/&+ ,god may h occasionally1 to display 8 sov]eign p[]1 snat*$ "s soldi]s f ! ranks ( rebellion & made !m ! heirs ( 8 grace1 yet no sob] ,*ri/ian w say t ! army is a likely place to promote _! salvation2 b1 on ! contr>y1 mu/ ackn[l$ge t x is a dang]\s place = ! s\ls ( m54 ,x may be assum$ z an und5iable fact t ! great mass ( soldi]s are notori\sly deprav$ & wick$4 ,) b few exceptions _! impiety gr[s m d>+ ! long] !y practice w>2 & :5 x is consid]$ t ?\s&s & ?\s&s ( su* are hurri$ by w> prematurely into et]nity1 ) all _! s9s unp>don$1 :at an amaz+ sacrifice appe>s only = "s suppos$ temporal good4 ,b :5 x is rememb]$ t ?is inf9ite sacrifice is made m]ely = ! *ance ( obta9+ "s temporal advantage1 ! folly ( w> appe>s 9 m gl>+ colors1 z ! battle is n always to ! /rong4 ,^? :o are cont5d+ = _! rights1 & are lea/ 9 ! wrong1 are ab\t z (t5 unsuccessful z o!rwise1 & !n !y v mu* increase _! evils 9 a temporal po9t ( view4 ,a wise man w\ld n engage 9 a lawsuit to recov] a c5t1 admitt+ t x 0 8 j due1 if ! trial put to ! haz>d 8 :ole e/ate4 ,b ?is be>s no comp>ison ) "o s\l 9 competition ) all temporal ?+s2 & yet m51 pr(ess+ to be wise1 n only put "o s\l at haz>d b millions1 n = ! *ance ( def5d+ all temporal good1 b (t5 = a m]e bubble1 ! holl[ s\nd ( honor2 & _m ( ^? :o are wat*+ = s\ls1 & mu/ give an acc\nt1 in/ead ( s\nd+ ! al>m1 approve ( x4 ,all :o engage 9 w>1 ei!r 9 ! field or o!rwise1 practically reg>d "t m ?an et]nity1 & temporal m ?an et]nal ?+s4 ,if s\ls are ( m value ?an temporal ?+s1 & et]nity ( m consequ5ce ?an "t1 x mu/ be unwise to engage 9 a w> & put s\ls to imm$iate haz>d ( ev]la/+ ru91 & totally wrong = ,*ri/ians to engage 9 x4 ,,viii4 ,,w> ,,is ,,unwise1 ,,z ,,x ,,does ,,n ,,answ] ,,! ,,pr(ess$ ,,end ,,= ,,:i* ,,x ,,is ,,int5d$ ,! pr(ess$ object ( w> g5]ally is to pres]ve lib]ty & produce a la/+ peace2 b w> nev] did & nev] w pres]ve lib]ty & produce a la/+ peace1 = x is a div9e decree t all nations :o take ! sword %all p]i% ) ! sword4 ,w> is no m adapt$ to pres]ve lib]ty & produce a la/+ peace ?an midnight d>kness is to produce noonday light4 ,! pr9ciples ( w> & ! pr9ciples ( ! gospel are z unlike z heav5 & hell4 ,! pr9ciples ( w> are t]ror & =ce1 b ! pr9ciples ( ! gospel are mildness & p]suasion4 ,ov]come a man by ! =m] & y subdue only 8 natural p[]1 b n 8 _s2 ov]come a man by ! latt]1 & y conqu] 8 _s & r5d] 8 natural p[] h>mless4 ,evil c nev] be subdu$ by evil4 ,x is return+ good = evil t ov]comes evil effectually4 ,x is1 !re=e1 alone ! _s ( ! gospel t c pres]ve lib]ty & produce a la/+ peace4 ,w>s c nev] cease until ! pr9ciples & _s ( w> are aboli%$4 ,mank9d h be5 mak+ ! exp]im5t ) w> = ages to secure lib]ty & a la/+ peace2 or1 r1 !y h o/5sibly held out ^! objects z a cov] to _! lu/s & passions4 ,& :at has be5 ! result8 ,g5]ally ! loss ( lib]ty1 ! ov]turn+ ( empires1 ! de/ruction ( human happ9ess1 & ! dr5*+ ( ! e>? ) ! blood ( man4 ,9 mo/ o!r pursuits mank9d g5]ally ga9 wisdom by exp]i5ce2 b ! exp]im5t ( w> has n be5 und]tak5 to acquire wisdom4 ,x has1 9 fact1 be5 und]tak5 & p]petuat$ = ages to gratify ! corrupt desires ( m54 ,! wor/ ( m5 h delight$ 9 ! honors ( milit>y fame & x is :at !y h a /rong prop5sity =2 & h[ c a ,*ri/ian take pleasure 9 t employm5t :i* is ! highe/ ambition ( ungodly m58 ,! ?+s t are highly e/eem$ among m5 are an abom9ation 9 ! sight ( ,god4 ,is x n1 !re=e1 important t e "o nam+ ! "n ( ,*ri/ %\ld be> op5 te/imony aga9/ ! _s & practice ( w> & exhibit ! _s & temp] ( ! gospel be=e ! _w t lie? 9 wick$ness1 & let _! lights %9e be=e m58 ,b :at c ! m5 ( ! _w ?9k ( su* ,*ri/ians z are daily pray+ t w>s may cease to ! ends ( ! e>?1 :ile !y h done no?+ & are do+ no?+ to c\nt]act its de/ructive t5d5cy8 ,alas6 too _m are do+ mu* by _! lives & conv]sation to support its _s & pr9ciples4 ,c unbeliev]s rationally suppose su* pray]s to be s9c]e8 ,w !y n r conclude t !y are p]fect mock]y8 ,:at w\ld be ?\ght ( a man daily pray+ t ! means us$ = 8 sick *ild might be bless$ = 8 recov]y1 :5 he 0 con/antly adm9i/]+ to him kn[n poison8 ,) ! same propriety d ^? ,*ri/ians pray t w> may come to a f9al end1 :ile !y are support+ its vital pr9ciples4 ,x is contr>y to fact t w> is calculat$ to pres]ve lib]ty & secure a la/+ peace2 = x has done little else b de/roy lib]ty & peace & make ! e>? groan "u ! weight ( its t]ror & di/ress4 ,x is contr>y to ! ^w ( ,god t w> is calculat$ to promote peace on e>? & good w t[>d m54 ,! law t is to produce ?is happy effect w n be emitt$ f ! c\ncil ( w> or ! smoke ( a camp2 b ! law %all g =? out ( ,zion1 & ! ,"l %all rebuke ! /rong nations & !y %all beat _! swords into pl[%>es & _! spe>s into prun+ hooks2 !n nations %all no m lift up sword aga9/ nation1 nei!r %all !y le>n ! art ( w> any m2 !n %all ! e>? be fill$ ) ! abundance ( peace & !re %all be no?+ to hurt or de/roy4 ,x is res]v$ alone = ! triumph ( ! gospel to produce peace on e>? & good w to m54 ,if w> does actually provoke insult & mis*ief2 if x increases difficulties1 de/roys prop]ty & lib]ty2 if x dim9i%es happ9ess1 injures ! morals ( society1 haz>ds et]nal = only ! *ance ( def5d+ temporal ?+s1 &1 f9ally1 does n answ] ! end = :i* x 0 int5d$1 !n x mu/ be v unwise to engage 9 x1 & x mu/ be wrong = ,*ri/ians to d any?+ to promote x1 & "r to d all 9 _! p[] to prev5t x4 ,,w> ,,is ,,crim9al ,i am n[ to %[ t w>1 :5 judg$ ( on ! pr9ciples ( ! gospel1 is highly crim9al4 ,i4 ,,go+ ,,to ,,w> ,,is ,,n ,,keep+ ,,f ,,! ,,appe>ance ,,( ,,evil1 ,,b ,,is ,,runn+ ,,into ,,temptation 444 ,i w\ld h x und]/ood t ,i consid] e act ( mank9d :i* is palpably contr>y to ! _s & precepts ( ! gospel crim9al4 ,x is an express precept ( ! gospel to ab/a9 f all appe>ance ( evil4 ,wat* & pray t ye ent] n into temptation is also an express comm& ( ,*ri/4 ,a p]son desir+ n only to ab/a9 f evil1 b f ! v appe>ance ( x1 w suff] wrong r ?an haz>d t conduct :i* may involve do+ wrong4 ,he w be s gu>d$ t if he errs at all he w be likely to give up 8 "r :5 he might reta9 x )\t injur+ o!rs4 ,no p]son1 x is believ$1 w attempt to ma9ta9 t !re is no appe>ance ( evil 9 c>nal w>f>e1 or t x is n a sc5e ( great temptation4 ,"o great object ( ! gospel is to produce good morals1 to subdue ! irascible passions ( m5 & br+ !m into sweet subjection to ! gospel ( peace4 ,b w> _c be prosecut$ )\t r\s+ ! corrupt passions ( mank9d4 ,9 fact1 x is altoge!r ! effect ( lu/ & passion4 ,9 times ( w> almo/ e measure is tak5 = ! express purpose ( inflam+ ! passions ( m51 because !y are ! vital spr+s ( w>1 & x w\ld n exi/ )\t !m4 ,^? :o are engag$ 9 w>1 bo? 9 ! c\ncil & 9 ! field1 h a fev]i% passion1 :i* v>ies z circum/ances may happ5 to *ange4 ,^? :o are actually engag$ 9 ! heat ( battle are usually intoxicat$ ) rage4 ,%\ld ?is be d5i$ by any "o1 ,i w\ld appeal to ! g5]al approbation be/[$ on ! arti/ :o displays mo/ skill 9 pa9t+ sc5es ( ?is k9d4 ,he :o c repres5t ! muscul> p[]s mo/ /rongly ex]t$1 ! passions mo/ inflam$1 & ! visage mo/ di/ort$ ) rage1 w ga9 ! highe/ applause4 ,! tru? ( ! ass]tion is1 !re=e1 g5]ally admitt$4 ,"s m51 p]haps1 may be s mu* "u ! influ5ce ( pride z to h ! appe>ance ( /oical indiff]5ce :5 _! antagoni/s are at "s di/ance1 b let !m meet sword 9 h& & ! sc5e is at once *ang$4 ,! temptations = ^? :o con/itute1 or ^? :o enc\rage & support1 armies to commit or to connive at immorality are too v>i\s & too multipli$ to be di/9ctly m5tion$4 ,:o c d5y t w> is altoge!r a bus9ess ( /rife8 ,b1 says an inspir$ apo/le1 :]e envy+ & /rife is1 !re is confusion & e evil "w4 ,n[1 if w> is a sc5e ( confusion & /rife & e evil "w1 x is impossible = any "o to engage 9 x & avoid ! appe>ance ( evil or be out ( ! way ( temptation2 ^? :o are arm$ ) dea?ly weapons & ?ir/+ = ! blood ( _! fell[-mortals surely _c be said to exhibit no appe>ance ( evil4 ,b if engag+ 9 w>s is putt+ on ! appe>ance ( evil & runn+ into temptation1 !n x is highly crim9al to engage 9 x4 ,,ii4 ,,w> ,,is ,,crim9al1 ,,z ,,x ,,naturally ,,inflames ,,! ,,pride ,,( ,,man ,"o ( ! abom9able ?+s :i* proce$ out ( ! corrupt he>t ( man1 z repres5t$ by our ,savi\r1 is pride4 ,god resi/e? ! pr\d1 b give? grace to ! humble4 ,! ,"l hates a pr\d look4 ,e "o t is pr\d 9 he>t is an abom9ation to ! ,"l4 ,t pride is crim9al & t humility is comm5dable w d\btless be admitt$ by all :o believe ! ,scriptures4 ,pride1 h[ev]1 is "o ( ! *ief s\rces ( w>4 ,x is pride t makes m5 glory 9 _! /r5g? & pr[ess2 x is pride t h9d]s !m f confess+ _! faults & repair+ ! injury done to o!rs4 ,al?\gh pride is commonly condemn$ 9 ! ab/ract1 yet x is g5]ally comm5d$ 9 soldi]s & fann$ by e species ( art & adulation1 n only by m5 ( ! _w b too (t5 by ^? :o be> ! ,*ri/ian "n4 ,& :y is x necess>y to inflame ! pride ( soldi]s8 ,because x is well und]/ood t soldi]s )\t pride are n fit = _! bus9ess4 ,if w> is a ,*ri/ian duty1 :y %\ld n ! example & precepts ( ,*ri/1 in/ead ( ! example ( ! h]oes ( ?is _w1 be exhibit$ to ^? :o fight to /imulate !m8 ,is n ,*ri/ z wor?y ( imitation z ! ,caes>s & ,alex&]s ( ?is _w8 ,he 0 a triumphant conqu]or2 he vanqui%$ dea? & hell1 & pur*as$ et]nal r$emption = 8 p2 b he conqu]$ by resignation & triumph$ by 8 dea?4 ,"h is an example wor?y ( ! highe/ emulation4 ,& :y n animate soldi]s by x8 ,only because x w\ld unn]ve _! arms = w> & r5d] !m h>mless to _! foes4 ,x is s common to complim5t ! pride ( soldi]s t1 in/ead ( consid]+ x t abom9able ?+ :i* ! ,"l hates1 !y consid] x a virtue4 ,we frequ5tly he> g5tlem5 ( ! sword1 z !y are /yl$1 9 reply to ! flatt]y be/[$ ^u !m1 frankly decl>e t x is _! highe/ ambition to obta9 ! praise ( _! fell[-citiz5s2 &1 ( c\rse1 !y confess t !y are seek+ ! praise ( m5 m ?an ! praise ( ,god4 ,^! g5tlem51 h[ev]1 are f> less crim9al ?an ^? :o lavi% flatt]y on !m2 = d\btless mo/ ( !m are s9c]e & ?9k !mselves 9 ! way ( _! duty1 :ile _! pr(ession (t5 leads !m1 necess>ily1 f ! means ( kn[+ correctly :at is duty4 ,:ile pr(ess+ ,*ri/ians h be5 taught f _! cradles t ! pr(ession ( arms is n m]ely an all[able b a noble employm5t1 x is easy = !m to slide into ! curr5t & g ) ! multitude to celebrate victories & to eulogize h]oes1 )\t once reflect+ :e!r !y are imitat+ _! ,"l & ,ma/]4 ,b is x n "t = ,*ri/ians to exam9e & asc]ta9 if w> is tol]at$ 9 ! gospel ( peace be=e !y jo9 9 fe/ivities to celebrate its bloody feats8 ,h[ w\ld a pagan be a/oni%$ if he _h be5 taught ! meek1 l[ly1 & =giv+ _s & pr9ciples ( ! gospel1 )\t kn[+ ! practice ( ,*ri/ians1 to see a ho/ ( m51 pr(ess+ to be influ5c$ by ^! bless$ pr9ciples1 m>%al$ 9 all ! pomp ( milit>y p>ade1 ?reat5+ de/ruction to _! fell[-mortals6 ,w\ld he n conclude t ei!r he or !y _h mi/ak5 ! g5ius ( ! gospel1 or t !y believ$ x to be b a fable8 ,x is a notori\s fact1 :i* requires no confirmation1 t milit>y m51 decorat$ ) f9]y & clad 9 ! glitt] ( arms1 in/ead ( be+ meek & l[ly 9 _! temp] & deportm5t1 are g5]ally flu%$ ) pride & haught9ess2 &1 inde$1 :at purpose d _! decorations & pageantry answ] b t ( swell+ _! vanity8 ,_! employm5t is n s(t & delicate4 ,o!r m5 :o foll[ r\gh employm5ts we> r\gh clo?+2 b ! soldi]'s occupation is n less r\gh ?an ! but*]'s1 ?\gh1 9 ! _w's op9ion1 x is m honorable to kill m5 ?an to kill cattle4 ,b if w> has a natural t5d5cy to inflame1 & does inflame & increase ! pride ( m51 x is crim9al2 x does t :i* ! ,"l hates1 & x mu/ be highly crim9al to engage 9 x4 ,,iii4 ,,w> ,,necess>ily ,,infr+es ,,on ,,! ,,consci5ces ,,( ,,m51 ,,& ,,!re=e ,,is ,,crim9al ,lib]ty ( consci5ce is a sacr$ "r delegat$ to man by 8 ,creator1 :o has giv5 no au?ority to man to infr+e 9 ! lea/ on ! consci5ce ( 8 fell[-man4 ,?\gh a man1 by foll[+ ! dictates ( 8 consci5ce1 may be injur$ by m51 yet !y h no au?ority to deprive him ( ! rights ( consci5ce4 ,to control ! consci5ce is alone ! pr]ogative ( ,god4 ,t man has no "r to violate ! consci5ce ( 8 fell[-man is a tru? :i* few1 "u ! light ( ! gospel1 s9ce ! days ( ignorance & sup]/ition1 h v5tur$ to call 9 "q4 ,b milit>y gov]nm5ts1 f _! v nature1 necess>ily infr+e on ! consci5ces ( m54 ,?\gh ! ^w ( ,god requires implicit ob$i5ce to rul]s 9 all ?+s n contr>y to ! ,scriptures1 x utt]ly =bids compliance ) su* comm&s z are inconsi/5t ) ! gospel4 ,we mu/ obey ,god r ?an man1 & fe> ,god z well z honor ! k+4 ,b gov]nm5ts1 :e!r mon>*ial or republican1 make laws z !y please1 & compel ob$i5ce at ! po9t ( ! sword4 ,!y decl>e w>s1 & call ^u all _! subjects to support !m4 ,(f5sive w>1 by all pr(ess+ ,*ri/ians1 is consid]$ a violation ( ! laws ( ,heav52 b (f5sive w> is op5ly prosecut$ by pr(ess+ ,*ri/ians "u ! speci\s "n ( self-def5se4 ,france invad$ ,spa91 ,g]many1 & ,russia2 ,engl& invad$ ,holl& & ,d5m>k2 & ! ,unit$ ,/ates invad$ ,canada1 "u ! pret5se ( def5sive w>4 ,! fact is1 h[ev]1 t no man c1 on gospel pr9ciples1 draw a l9e ( di/9ction betwe5 (f5sive & def5sive w> s z to make ! =m] a crime & ! latt] a duty1 simply because ! gospel has made no su* di/9ction4 ,b :ile _m ,*ri/ians pr(ess to make ! di/9ction1 & to consid] (f5sive w> crim9al1 !y ought to h ! lib]ty to judge1 :5 w> is wag$1 :e!r x is (f5sive or def5sive1 & to give or )hold _! aid accord+ly2 o!rwise !y are n p]mitt$ ! free ex]cise ( _! consci5ces4 ,b suppose ?is pr9ciple adopt$ by gov]nm5ts4 ,c\ld !y prosecute w> :ile !y left e individual 9 ! free ex]cise ( 8 consci5ce to judge :e!r su* w> 0 (f5sive or def5sive & to regulate 8 conduct accord+ly8 ,w\ld x be possible = gov]nm5ts to c>ry on w> if !y dep5d$ = support on ! unc]ta9 op9ion ( e individual8 ,no2 su* a proc$ure w\ld ext+ui% ! vital /r5g? ( w> & lay ! sword 9 ! du/4 ,! fact is well kn[n1 & mon>*s decl>e w> & =ce _! subjects to support x4 ,! majority 9 republican gov]nm5ts decl>e w> & dem& & en=ce ob$i5ce f ! m9ority4 ,?\gh ! con/itutions ( gov]nm5ts may1 9 ! mo/ solemn mann]1 gu>antee to citiz5s ! free ex]cise ( _! consci5ces1 yet gov]nm5ts f9d x necess>y practically to make an exception 9 relation to w>1 & a man may plead consci5ti\s motives 9 va9 to free himself f contribut+ to ! support ( w>4 ,i ?9k x prop] "h to notice :at has appe>$ to me a gross absurdity among "s ,*ri/ians 9 ?is l&4 ,!y h op5ly decl>$ t 9 _! op9ion ! late w> 0 (f5sive2 t x 0 contr>y to ! laws ( ,god1 & t !y 7 oppos$ to x2 b ?\gh !y wi%$ n to support x because x 0 crim9al1 yet !y said1 if !y 7 call$ on 9 a con/itutional way1 !y w\ld support x4 ,?us did !y publicly decl>e t !y w\ld1 "u c]ta9 circum/ances1 obey man r ?an ,god4 ,b soldi]s actually resign up _! consci5ces to _! comm&]s1 )\t res]v+ any "r to obey only 9 su* cases z !y may judge n contr>y to ! laws ( ,god4 ,7 !y at lib]ty to judge :e!r comm&s 7 morally "r or n1 be=e !y yield$ ob$i5ce1 x w\ld be totally impracticable = nations to prosecute w>4 ,ask a g5]al if 8 soldi]s h ! privilege ( det]m9+ :e!r 8 comm&s are "r or n1 & he w tell y x is _! duty only to obey4 ,suppose t a g5]al & 8 army are %ut up 9 a city 9 _! own c\ntry1 & t provisions are fail+2 t an army is advanc+ = _! relief1 b _c rea* ! place until all means ( su/5ance w be consum$2 t ! inhabitants _c be let out )\t admitt+ ! besieg]s2 & t 9 ?is extremity1 to pres]ve 8 army = ! def5se ( 8 c\ntry1 ! comm&] ord]s 8 m5 to slay ! inhabitants1 do+ ?is evil t good may come4 ,b "s consci5ti\s soldi]s refuse to obey a comm& to put ! innoc5t to ! sword = any suppos$ good4 ,:at mu/ be ! consequ5ce8 ,_! lives mu/ answ] = _! disob$i5ce4 ,nor is ?is contr>y to ! usages ( w>4 ,& ,*ri/ians satisfy _! consci5ces ^u ! false pr9ciple t soldi]s are n acc\ntable = _! conduct1 be x ev] s crim9al1 if !y obey _! comm&]s2 all ! blame mu/ fall on ! (fic]s1 :i* involves ! absurdity ( obey+ man r ?an ,god4 ,?us soldi]s mu/ be metamorphos$ into some?+ besides moral & acc\ntable be+s 9 ord] to prosecute w>2 &1 9 fact1 !y are treat$ g5]ally n z moral ag5ts b z a sort ( ma*9]y to execute ! wor/ ( purposes4 ,! only plausible me?od ( :i* ,i c conceive to avoid ! above consequ5ces requires t soldi]s %\ld n practically resign _! consci5ces1 b1 :5 comm&s :i* are morally wrong are giv51 t !y %\ld refuse ob$i5ce & die z m>tyrs4 ,b to ent] an army ) su* views w\ld be to belie ! v oa? ( ob$i5ce :i* !y take4 ,besides1 :o c\ld execute ! m>tyrs & be innoc5t8 ,9 ?is way all might become m>tyrs1 & ! army be annihilat$4 ,b if w> does n admit ! free ex]cise ( consci5ce on ,*ri/ian pr9ciples1 !n x is crim9al = ,*ri/ians to become soldi]s1 & ! pr9ciples ( w> mu/ be inconsi/5t ) ! pr9ciples ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,,iv4 ,,w> ,,is ,,crim9al1 ,,z ,,x ,,is ,,oppos$ ,,to ,,pati5t ,,suff]+ ,,"u ,,unju/ ,,& ,,cruel ,,treatm5t ,t pati5t suff]+ "u unju/ & cruel treatm5t f mank9d is ev]y:]e 9 ! gospel held up to view z ! highe/ ,*ri/ian virtue probably few pr(ess+ ,*ri/ians w d5y4 ,b not)/&+ ?is tru? is g5]ally admitt$1 !re is v commonly introduc$ a c>nal1 sophi/ical mode ( reason+ to limit1 or expla9 away1 ?is preci\s doctr9e1 :i* is peculi> to ! gospel & :i* di/+ui%es x f all o!r k9ds ( morality & religion on e>?4 ,x has relation1 x is said1 only to matt]s ( religion & religi\s p]secution1--z if ! gospel requir$ mank9d actually to reg>d a little weal? & a few temporal ?+s m ?an all religi\s privileges & life itself2 =1 by ?is human maxim1 m5 may fight to def5d ! =m]1 b n ! latt]4 ,& ?is maxim is built on ! supposition t ,*ri/ians are n b\nd /rictly by gospel precepts 9 relation to temporal ?+s1 b only 9 relation to spiritual ?+s4 ,h5ce x is said t ! m>tyrs conduct$ nobly 9 refus+ to fight = ! privilege ( wor%ip+ ! true ,god1 b if ,*ri/ians n[ refuse to fight to def5d _! money & _! political fre$om !y act 9 a da/>dly mann] & violate ! fir/ pr9ciples ( nature4 ,?us are temporal reg>d$ m ?an spiritual & ev]la/+ ?+s4 ,! precepts ( ! gospel1 h[ev]1 unequivocally =bid return+ evil = evil1 & enjo9 pati5t suff]+s "u injuri\s & cruel treatm5t4 ,a few in/ances %all be quot$3 ,n[ we exhort y1 bre?r51 w>n !m t are unruly1 com=t ! feeble-m9d$1 support ! weak1 be pati5t t[>ds all m54 ,see t none r5d] evil = evil to any man2 b ev] foll[ t :i* is good1 bo? among y\rselves1 & unto all m54 ,if1 :5 ye d well1 & suff] = x1 ye take x pati5tly1 ?is is acceptable ) ,god4 ,! apo/le ,james1 9 8 solemn d5unciation aga9/ oppressors1 says1 ,ye h condemn$ & kill$ ! j1 & he do? n resi/ y2 he !n imm$iately exhorts ! ,*ri/ians1 say+1 ,be pati5t !re=e1 bre?r51 unto ! com+ ( ! ,"l4 ,f9ally1 be ye all ( "o m9d1 hav+ compassion "o = ano!r1 love z bre?r51 be pitiful1 be c\rte\s1 n r5d]+ evil = evil1 rail+ = rail+2 b contr>iwise bless+s1 kn[+ t ye are !reunto call$1 t ye %\ld inh]it a bless+4 ,= ! eyes ( ! ,"l are ov] ! righte\s1 & 8 e>s are op5 to _! pray]s2 b ! face ( ! ,"l is aga9/ !m t d evil4 ,& :o is he t w h>m y1 if ye be foll[]s ( t :i* is good8 ,a pati5t1 =be>+1 suff]+ disposition is peculi> to ! lamblike temp] ( ! gospel1 & is :olly oppos$ to ! bold1 cont5d+1 d>+ _s ( ! _w :i* leads mank9d into qu>rel+ & fight+4 ,x is g5]ally admitt$1 ,i believe1 t x is ! duty ( ,*ri/ians pati5tly to suff] ! loss ( all temporal ?+s1 & ev5 life itself1 r ?an willfully violate any ( ,god's comm&s4 ,if1 !n1 x is ! duty ( a ,*ri/ian pati5tly to suff] dea? r ?an be> false witness aga9/ 8 neighbor1 be he fri5d or foe1 is x n equally 8 duty pati5tly to suff] dea? r ?an kill 8 neighbor1 :e!r fri5d or foe8 ,n m]ely tak+ away ! life ( our neighbor is =bidd51 b e ex]cise ( he>t & h& :i* may h a natural t5d5cy to injure him4 ,b :i* is ! greate/ evil1--tell+ a lie1 or kill+ a man8 ,by human maxims y may d ! latt] to save y\r life1 b n ! =m]2 ?\gh ! =m] might injure no "o b y\rself1 :ile ! latt]1 besides injur+ y\rself1 might s5d y\r neighbor to et]nal de/ruction4 ,! _s ( m>tyrdom is ! true _s ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,*ri/ himself meekly & submissively di$ by ! h&s ( 8 enemies1 & in/ead ( resi/ance1 ev5 by words1 he pray$1 ,fa!r1 =give !m1 = !y "k n :at !y d4 ,/eph51 :5 expir+ "u a %[] ( /ones f 8 infuriate murd]]s1 pray$1 ,"l1 lay n ?is s9 to _! *>ge4 ,/4 ,paul te/ifi$ t he 0 n only ready to be b\nd b to die = ! ,"l ,jesus4 ,! e>ly m>tyrs resign$ up _! lives ) pati5t submission z witnesses = ,jesus1--& ?is at a "t1 :51 ,sir ,h5ry ,moncrief ,wellwood 9 8 ,s]mons1 page #cce1 says1 ,t]tullian has told u t ,*ri/ians 7 suffici5tly num]\s to h def5d$ !mselves aga9/ ! p]secutions excit$ aga9/ !m by ! hea!n1 if _! religion _h p]mitt$ !m to h rec\rse to ! sword4 ,! _s ( m>tyrdom is ! cr[n+ te/ ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,! m>tyr takes joyfully ! spoil+ ( 8 goods1 & c\nts n 8 life de> to himself4 ,b h[ opposite is ! _s ( w> to ! _s ( m>tyrdom6 ,! =m] is bold & v9dictive1 ready to def5d prop]ty & honor at ! haz>d ( life1 ready to %$ ! blood ( an enemy4 ,! latt] is meek & submissive1 ready to resign prop]ty & life r ?an injure ev5 an enemy4 ,surely pati5t submission "u cruel & unju/ treatm5t is n only ! highe/ ,*ri/ian virtue b ! mo/ extreme contra/ to ! _s ( w>4 ,n[ if x is a duty requir$ by ! gospel n to return evil = evil1 b to ov]come evil ) good2 to suff] inju/ice & to receive injury ) a mild1 pati5t1 & =giv+ disposition1--n only 9 words b 9 actions1--!n all k9ds ( c>nal cont5tion & w>f>e are crim9al & totally repugnant to ! gospel1 :e!r engag$ 9 by individuals or by communities4 ,c x be "r = ,*ri/ians to attempt to def5d ) ho/ile weapons ! ?+s :i* !y pr(ess b little to reg>d8 ,!y pr(ess to h _! treasure n 9 ?is _w b 9 heav5 above1 :i* is beyond ! rea* ( e>?ly invad]s1 s t x is n 9 ! p[] ( e>? or hell to take away _! de>e/ int]e/s4 ,!re may be a propriety 9 ! m5 ( ! _w exclaim+ t _! de>e/ rights are invad$ :5 _! prop]ty & political int]e/s are infr+$ ^u2 b x is a %ame = ,*ri/ians to make ?is exclamation1 :ile !y pr(ess to believe t _! de>e/ int]e/ is 9 ! h& ( ,omnipot5ce1 & t ! ,"l ,god ( ho/s is _! def5se4 ,:oev]1 )\t div9e comm&1 d>es to lift 8 h& ) a dea?ly weapon aga9/ ! life ( 8 fell[-man = any suppos$ injury d5ies ! ,*ri/ian "* 9 ! v act1 & relies on 8 own arm in/ead ( rely+ on ,god = def5se4 ,v4 ,,w> ,,is ,,crim9al1 ,,z ,,x ,,is ,,n ,,do+ ,,to ,,o!rs ,,z ,,we ,,%\ld ,,wi% ,,!m ,,to ,,d ,,to ,,u ,says our bless$ ,savi\r1 ,all ?+s :atsoev] ye w\ld t m5 %\ld d to y1 d ye ev5 s to !m2 = ?is is ! law & ! prophets4 ,n[ if we wi% m5 to be k9d & =be>+ to u1 we mu/ be k9d & =be>+ to !m2 if we wi% !m to return love = hatr$ & good = evil1 !n we mu/ return love = hatr$ & good = evil2 if we wi% n to be injur$ by m51 !n we mu/ n injure !m2 if we wi% n to be kill$1 !n we mu/ n kill4 ,b :at is ! practical language ( w>8 ,does ! man :o is fight+ 8 fell[-man & ex]t+ all 8 /r5g? to ov]come him really wi% to be ov]come himself & to be treat$ z he is /riv+ to treat 8 enemy8 ,c x be believ$ t ,engl&1 9 ! late w>1 wi%$ ,france to d to h] :at %e endeavor$ to d to ,france2 or t ! latt] really desir$ 9 return :at %e endeavor$ to inflict on ,engl&8 ,if n1 bo? violat$ ?is express precept ( ,*ri/4 ,none c say1 consi/5tly ) ! pr9ciples ( ! gospel1 t !y wi% to be kill$ by _! enemies2 !re=e none c1 consi/5tly ) ^? pr9ciples1 kill _! enemies4 ,b pr(ess+ ,*ri/ians d kill _! enemies1 &1 not)/&+ all !y may say to ! contr>y1 _! actions speak l\d] ?an _! words4 ,x is folly = a man to say he does n wi% to d a ?+ :ile he is volunt>ily ex]t+ all 8 p[]s to accompli% x4 ,b if ! act ( w> does violate ?is express precept ( ,*ri/1 !n x mu/ be exce$+ly crim9al to engage 9 x4 ,,vi4 ,,w> ,,is ,,inconsi/5t ,,) ,,m]cy1 ,,& ,,is ,,!re=e ,,crim9al ,m]cy is ! gr& *>act]i/ic ( ! gospel1 & ! practice ( m]cy is ! indisp5sable duty ( man4 ,be ye m]ciful1 z y\r ,fa!r also is m]ciful2 ,= he make? 8 sun to rise on ! evil & on ! good1 & s5de? ra9 on ! j & on ! unju/2 ,bless$ are ! m]ciful1 = !y %all obta9 m]cy2 ,= he %all h judgm5t )\t m]cy1 t ha? %[$ no m]cy4 ,m]cy is t disposition :i* incl9es u to relieve di/ress1 to =give injuries1 & to promote ! be/ good ( ^? :o are ill des]v+4 ,m]cy 9 u t[>ds our enemies implies seek+ & pursu+ _! be/ good = "t & et]nity4 ,x is s9ful to ex]cise any affection t[>ds enemies %ort ( t b5evol5ce or m]cy :i* involves ! advancem5t ( _! be/ good1 & ,*ri/ians may n susp5d ?is disposition1 or d evil t any suppos$ good may come2 = no law c be ( high] au?ority ?an ! express precept ( ,*ri/ :i* requires ?is disposition t[>ds enemies1 & ( c\rse no o!r consid]ation c be p>am\nt to ?is1 = nations are z mu* b\nd z individuals4 ,x is surely too grossly absurd = any to pret5d t de/roy+ ! prop]ty & lives ( enemies is treat+ !m m]cifully1 or pursu+ _! be/ good = "t & et]nity4 ,nor c any s impose ^u _! imag9ations z to ?9k t injur+ mank9d is treat+ !m ) b5evol5ce or m]cy4 ,b ! direct object ( w> is injury to enemies2 & ! conduct ( soldi]s g5]ally speaks a language n easily to be misund]/ood4 ,?\gh soldi]s are n always z bad z !y might be1 _! t5d] m]cies are (t5 b cruelty4 ,:5 !y /orm a =tifi$ place & d n put all ! captives to ! sword1 !y are complim5t$ = ex]cis+ m]cy1 m]ely because !y 7 n s cruel z !y might h be54 ,b %all a highway robb] be call$ an hone/ man because he takes b half ! money ( him :om he robs8 ,is x an act ( m]cy1 :5 a man encroa*es on y\r prop]ty1 to take away 8 life8 ,d nations ex]cise m]cy t[>ds ea* o!r :5 !y ent] into bloody w>s 9 consequ5ce ( a dispute :i* %all gov]n a small portion ( t]ritory8 or does a nation %[ m]cy to ano!r t has actually invad$ its rights by fall+ ^u ! aggressor & do+ all ! injury 9 its p[]8 ,?is surely is n =giv+ injuries4 ,& :5 two cont5d+ armies come 9 contact & ru% on ea* o!r ) all ! frightful eng9es ( dea? & cut ea* o!r to pieces !y d n appe> to me z m]ciful1 k9d1 & t5d]-he>t$1 =giv+ "o ano!r 9 love1 ev5 z ,god = ,*ri/'s sake =gives 8 *ildr54 ,yet ?is is ! rule by :i* !y %\ld act & by :i* !y w at la/ be judg$4 ,b ! :ole sy/em ( w> is oppos$ to m]cy1 & is !re=e altoge!r unlike ! _s ( ! gospel1 & mu/ be crim9al4 ,,vii4 ,,w> ,,is ,,crim9al1 ,,z ,,! ,,practice ,,( ,,x ,,is ,,inconsi/5t ,,) ,,=giv+ ,,trespasses ,,z ,,we ,,wi% ,,to ,,be ,,=giv5 ,,by ,,! ,,f9al ,,judge ,our ,savi\r says3 ,if ye =give m5 _! trespasses1 y\r heav5ly ,fa!r w also =give y2 b if ye =give n m5 _! trespasses1 nei!r w y\r heav5ly ,fa!r =give y\r trespasses2 ,=give1 & ye %all be =giv54 ,"h x is evid5t t ! ev]la/+ salvation ( m5 dep5ds on _! ex]cis+ =giv5ess t[>ds _! enemies2 = if !y =give n1 !y w n be =giv5 ( ,god1 & ) :at measure !y mete to o!rs1 x w be measur$ to !m aga94 ,to =give is to pass by an (f5se1 treat+ ! (f5d] n accord+ to 8 des]t1 b z ?\gh he _h done no?+ amiss4 ,b d ! pr9ciples ( w> lead individuals or nations to pass by (f5ses & to treat (f5d]s z if !y 7 innoc5t8 ,d !y n1 on ! contr>y1 require ju/ice & exact ! v la/ mite8 ,has x ! aspect ( =giv5ess = u1 :5 an enemy trespasses on our rights1 to arm ) weapons ( slaught] & meet him on ! field ( battle8 ,:o1 :ile pi]c+ ! he>t ( 8 enemy ) a sword1 c consi/5tly utt] ?is pray]3 ,fa!r1 =give my trespasses1 z ,i h =giv5 ! trespasses ( ?is my enemy8 ,b ?is1 9 ref]5ce to ?is subject1 is ! only pray] ! gospel w>rants him to make4 ,& pr(ess+ ,*ri/ian nations1 :ile at w> & ba?+ _! swords 9 ea* o!r's blood to r$ress mutual trespasses1 are daily 9 _! public litanies (f]+ ?is pray]2 b is x n obvi\s t ei!r _! pray]s are p]fect mock]y1 or !y desire n to be =giv5 b to be puni%$ to ! ext5t ( _! des]ts8 ,if individuals or nations desire t ,god w\ld =give _! trespasses1 !n !y mu/ n only pray = x1 b actually ex]cise =giv5ess t[>ds ^? :o trespass aga9/ !m2 & !n !y may beat _! useless swords into pl[%>es & _! spe>s into prun+ hooks & le>n w> no m4 ,b x mu/ be v crim9al to engage 9 w>1 or to tol]ate x 9 any way1 if x is inconsi/5t ) ! =giv5ess ( injuries z we hope to be =giv51 & 9 ?is respect violates ! precepts ( ! gospel4 ,,viii4 ,,engag+ ,,9 ,,w> ,,is ,,n ,,manife/+ ,,love ,,to ,,enemies ,,or ,,return+ ,,good ,,= ,,evil ,return+ good = evil & manife/+ b5evol5ce to enemies is1 p]haps1 ! mo/ elevat$ & noble "p ( ,*ri/ian practice1--! inculcation ( :i* 9 ! gospel exalts ,*ri/ianity f> above any o!r =m ( religion & proves x to be n only div9e b efficaci\s to subdue ! turbul5t & corrupt passions ( m52 & = ^! reasons ?is "p ( duty ought to be zeal\sly advocat$ & dilig5tly p]=m$ by e "o :o be>s ! ,*ri/ian "n4 ,! able/ writ]s :o h def5d$ ! div9e orig9 ( ! ,scriptures aga9/ infidels h urg$ ?is topic z con/itut+ conclusive evid5ce 9 _! favor2 & unbeliev]s1 in/ead ( attempt+ to meet ! argum5t fairly1 h urg$ ! inconsi/5cy ( ,*ri/ians 9 act+ contr>y to s conspicu\s a rule ( duty2 & su* is & ev] has be5 ! mo/ p[]ful weapon t infidels c wield aga9/ ,*ri/ianity4 ,b x is ! w ( ,god t by welldo+ we %\ld put to sil5ce ! ignorance ( fooli% m54 ,let ,*ri/ians act 9 /rict con=mity to ?is "p ( ,*ri/ian practice1 & !y w wre/ f ! infidel's h& 8 /ronge/ weapon4 ,t ex]cis+ b5evol5ce t[>ds enemies & return+ good = evil is inculcat$ z "o ( ! mo/ important doctr9es ( ! gospel is evid5t z well f ! :ole t5or ( ! ,new ,te/am5t z f ! express comm&s ( ! ,son ( ,god3 ,i say unto y1 ,love y\r enemies1 bless !m t curse y1 d good to !m t hate y1 & pray = !m t despitefully use y & p]secute y1 t ye may be ! *ildr5 ( y\r ,fa!r 9 heav52 ,if ?9e enemy hung]1 fe$ him2 if he ?ir/1 give him dr9k2 = 9 s do+ ?\ %alt heap coals ( fire on 8 head2 ,be n ov]come ( evil1 b ov]come evil ) good4 ,su* are "s ( ! div9e precepts on ?is subject4 ,s diff]5t1 h[ev]1 are ! laws ( w> among ,*ri/ian nations1 t r5d]+ com=t or relief to enemies is consid]$ high treason1 & !y puni% ) dea? ! p]=mance ( ! v duty :i* ,god comm&s z a condition ( et]nal life6 ,! common s5se ( e man revolts f ! idea t resi/+ an enemy by w> is return+ good = evil4 ,:o w\ld receive ! ?ru/ ( a sword z an act ( k9dness8 ,0 x ev] consid]$ t kill+ a man 0 do+ good to him8 ,has n dea? always be5 consid]$ ! greate/ evil :i* c\ld be return$ = capital crimes8 ,b ! pr9ciples ( w> n only all[ enemies to return evil = evil by kill+ "o ano!r1 b secure ! highe/ praise to him :o kills ! mo/4 ,x is (t5 said ( ^? :o di/+ui% !mselves 9 but*]+ _! fell[-m51 t !y cov] !mselves ) glory6 ,nations1 :5 !y g to w>1 d n s mu* z pret5d to be actuat$ by love to _! enemies2 !y d n hesitate to decl>e 9 ! face ( ,heav5 t _! object is to av5ge _! wrongs4 ,b1 says an inspir$ apo/le1 ,de>ly belov$1 av5ge n y\rselves1 b give place unto wra?3 = x is writt51 ,v5geance is m9e2 ,i w repay1 sai? ! ,"l4 ,retributive judgm5t1 ! execution ( /rict ju/ice1 or v5geance1 ,god decl>es (t51 belongs to him4 ,he has res]v$ x 9 8 own h& z 8 sov]eign pr]ogative4 ,x is n v surpris+ t savage pagans %\ld glory 9 rev5ge1 b t ^? %\ld d s :o h ! ,bible 9 _! h&s1 & pr(ess to take x z ! rule ( _! fai? & practice1 is truly a/oni%+4 ,/ill m a/oni%+ is x t "s m9i/]s ( ! gospel n only connive at b approve ( ! _s & practice ( rev5ge by w>4 ,b ?\gh ! :ole t5or ( ! gospel absolutely enjo9s return+ good = evil & bless+ = curs+2 yet ! op5 & av[$ pr9ciples ( w> are to return evil = evil1 viol5ce = viol5ce4 ,n[ if ! pr9ciples ( w> are s directly oppos$ to ! pr9ciples ( ! gospel1 if ! practice ( w> is s p]fectly contr>y to ,*ri/ian practice1 !n x mu/ be v crim9al = ,*ri/ians n to be> op5 te/imony aga9/ w>1 & mu* m crim9al to d any?+ to promote x4 ,,ix4 ,,w> ,,is ,,crim9al1 ,,because ,,x ,,is ,,actually ,,r5d]+ ,,evil ,,= ,,evil ,x is a fact :i* c nei!r be disguis$ nor controv]t$ t ! :ole trade ( w> is return+ evil = evil4 ,?is is a fundam5tal pr9ciple 9 ! sy/em ( self-def5se4 ,!re=e e ex]tion 9 ! p[] ( cont5d+ nations is made to inflict mutual injury1 n m]ely ^u p]sons 9 public employm5t & ^u public prop]ty1 b indiscrim9ately ^u all p]sons & prop]ty4 ,h5ce x is an e/abli%$ rule ( :at is /yl$ civiliz$ w>f>e t if "o p>ty takes a p]son suspect$ ( be+ a spy1 !y put him to dea?2 :i* act is retaliat$ by ! o!r ! fir/ opportunity4 ,if "o p>ty /orms a =tifi$ place & puts ! g>rison or ! inhabitants to ! sword1 ! o!r1 9 _! def5se1 mu/ retaliate ! same ?+1 &1 if possible1 to a great] degree4 ,if "o side executes a numb] ( captives = "s alleg$ extraord9>y act1 ! o!r1 on ! pr9ciples ( self-def5se1 may execute d\ble ! numb]2 ! fir/ may !n1 on ! same pr9ciples1 d\ble ?is numb]2 & s !y may proce$ to return evil = evil1 till "o or ! o!r yields4 ,! pr9ciples ( self-def5se require n m]ely an eye = an eye & a too? = a too?1 b = "o eye two eyes1 = "o too? two tee?4 ,!y require ! retaliation ( an injury to a d\ble degree1--o!rwise1 !re w\ld be no balance 9 favor ( ! def5sive side2 b z bo? p>ties mu/ always be on ! def5se1 bo? mu/1 ( c\rse1 retaliate to a d\ble degree4 ,?us w> is aggravat$ & inflam$1 & its crim9ality rais$ to ! highe/ pit*4 ,! doctr9e ( retaliation is n only op5ly av[$ & practic$ by pr(ess+ ,*ri/ian nations1 b is sometimes def5d$ be=e national c\ncils by pr(ess+ ,*ri/ians ( high /&+ 9 *ur*es4 ,o6 tell x n 9 ,ga?6 publi% x n 9 ! /reets ( ,askelon6 le/ ! daught]s ( ! uncircumcis$ triumph6 ,t ! retaliation ( injury1 ( :atev] k9d x may be & to :omsoev] x may be (f]$1 is mo/ absolutely & unequivocally =bidd5 by ! :ole _s ( ! gospel disp5sation1 z well z by its positive precepts1 surely c nev] be fairly controv]t$4 ,says ! great ,au?or & f9i%] ( our fai?1 ,ye h he>d t x ha? be5 said1 ,an eye = an eye1 & a too? = a too?3 b ,i say unto y t ye resi/ n evil2 b :osoev] %all smite !e on ! "r *eek1 turn to him ! o!r also4 ,:e!r ! lit]al import ( ^! words be cont5d$ = or n1 !y _c fairly be con/ru$ z tea*+ any?+ %ort ( a positive & unconditional prohibition ( ! retaliation ( injury4 ,_h our ,"l add$ to ^! words ! maxim ( ! _w1 ,if any man assaults y ) dea?ly weapons1 y may repel him ) dea?ly weapons1 x w\ld h directly contradict$ ! _s ( ?is comm& & made 8 say+s l a h\se divid$ aga9/ itself4 ,! apo/les l>gely insi/ ^u ?is doctr9e ( _! div9e ,ma/]1 ?us3 ,recomp5se to no man evil = evil2 ,be ye all ( "o m9d1 n r5d]+ evil = evil1 or rail+ = rail+2 ,see t none r5d] evil = evil to any man4 ,^! compreh5sive passages make no conditions or limitations1 & are1 !re=e1 applicable to all m5 & b9d+ ^u all 9 all situations & circum/ances "u ! light ( ! gospel2 b _h !y add$1 ,if any man injures y1 y may return him an injury & repel viol5ce ) viol5ce1 x w\ld h be5 mo/ palpably absurd1 & ! precepts ( ! gospel w\ld h be5 truly :at infidels h ass]t$ !y are1--a s]ies ( gross contradictions4 ,b ,i repeat t ! op5 & av[$ pr9ciples ( w>1 ev5 among ,*ri/ian nations1 are ^? ( return+ evil = evil4 ,surely1 nations nei!r aim nor pret5d to aim at ! be/ good ( _! enemies2 b1 on ! contr>y1 _! real & pr(ess$ object 9 ! sight ( ,god & man is to d !m1 :ile at w>1 all ! injury 9 _! p[]4 ,:at means t language :i* conveys in/ructions to ^? :o comm& %ips ( w>1 to s9k1 burn1 & de/roy1 if x does n mean evil to enemies8 ,:y d nations enc\rage ! cupidity ( m5 by lic5s+ & lett+ loose sw>ms ( pic>oons on _! enemies1 if x is n to inflict evil on !m8 ,b all ?is is sanction$ "u ! notion ( self-def5se1 &1 z ?\gh x 7 a light ?+ = m5 ?us publicly to trample on ! laws ( ! gospel1 !y lift up _! d>+ h&s to heav5 & supplicate ,god's help to assi/ !m 9 violat+ 8 own comm&s6 ,no apology c be made = su* proce$+s until x is %[n t w> is n return+ evil = evil4 ,b :at is x to return evil = evil8 ,:5 "o man is injur$ by ano!r & returns injury1 he returns evil = evil & violates ^? precepts ( ! gospel :i* h be5 quot$4 ,:5 "o association ( m5 is injur$ by ano!r association & ! injur$ returns an injury1 evil is return$ = evil & ^? precepts are violat$4 ,:5 "o nation infr+es on ! rights ( ano!r & !y 9 return infr+e on ! aggressor's rights1 !y return evil = evil & violate ^? precepts4 ,:5 "o nation decl>es w> aga9/ ano!r & is repell$ by w>1 evil is return$ = evil & ^? precepts are violat$4 ,b ^! ?+s are con/antly practic$1 )\t a blu% or a "q z to _! propriety2 & ,god is supplicat$ to aid 9 ! bus9ess4 ,to :at a /ate has s9 r$uc$ our _w8 ,is n ! *ur* cov]$ ) d>kness & ! p ) gross d>kness8 ,a man may n[ engage 9 w> ) 8 fell[-man & op5ly return evil = evil1 & /ill rema9 9 respectable /&+ 9 mo/ ( ! *ur*es1 be+ at ! same "t highly applaud$ & c>ess$ by ! _w ly+ 9 wick$ness6 ,b if we are "h to be direct$ & at la/ to be judg$ by ! gospel1 no man c return evil = evil1 9 w> or o!rwise1 )\t aggravat$ guilt4 ,x4 ,,w> ,,is ,,crim9al1 ,,z ,,x ,,is ,,actually ,,do+ ,,evil ,,t ,,good ,,may ,,come2 ,,& ,,?is ,,is ,,! ,,be/ ,,apology ,,t ,,c ,,be ,,made ,,= ,,x ,t x is an evil to spread di/ress1 desolation1 & mis]y ?r\gh a l& & to /a9 x ) ! blood ( m5 probably none w d5y4 ,w>1 ) its att5d+ horrors1 is consid]$ by all1 ev5 ^? :o advocate & prosecute x1 to be ! greate/ evil t ev] befalls ?is wick$1 ble$+1 suff]+ _w4 ,?\gh m5 g to w> prim>ily to gratify _! corrupt passions1--= !y c nev] propose ! atta9m5t ( any good by w> :i* %all be comm5surate ) ! natural & moral evils t w be occasion$ by ! acquisition1--yet ! prospect ( atta9+ "s suppos$ good mu/ be held out z a lure to ! multitude & a means ( self-ju/ification4 ,usually ! object ( w> is pomp\sly repres5t$ to be to pres]ve lib]ty1 to produce honorable & la/+ peace1 & promote ! happ9ess ( mank9d2 to accompli% :i*1 lib]ty1 prop]ty1 & honor--t honor :i* comes f m5--mu/ be def5d$1 ?\gh w> is ! v ?+ t g5]ally de/roys lib]ty1 prop]ty1 & happ9ess1 & prev5ts la/+ peace4 ,su* is ! good propos$ to be atta9$ by ! c]ta9 & ov]:elm+ evil ( w>4 ,b no maxim is m corrupt1 m false 9 its nature1 or m ru9\s 9 its results ?an t :i* tol]ates do+ evil t good may come4 ,nor c any def5d ?is maxim )\t tak+ ! "p ( infidels & a!i/s1 to :om x appropriately belongs1 & ) ^: pr9ciples & practice alone x is consi/5t4 ,! apo/le ,paul reprobates ?is maxim 9 ! sev]e/ t]ms1 & he consid]$ x ! greate/ sc&al ( ,*ri/ian "* to be accus$ ( approv+ x3 ,z we be sl&]\sly report$1 says he1 & z "s affirm t we say1 ,let u d evil t good may come2 ^: damnation is j4 ,n[ if w> is 9 fact an evil1 & x is prosecut$ ) a view to atta9 "s good1 !n go+ to w> is do+ evil t good may come4 ,x is !re=e do+ t :i* sc&alizes ,*ri/ian "*2 t :i* is :olly irreconcilable ) ! pr9ciples ( ! gospel1 & :i* x is highly crim9al = any man or nation to d4 ,,xi4 ,,w> ,,is ,,oppos$ ,,to ,,! ,,example ,,( ,,! ,,son ,,( ,,god1 ,,& ,,is ,,!re=e ,,crim9al ,! example ( ! ,son ( ,god is ! only p]fect model ( moral excell5ce1 & 8 moral conduct1 s f> z he act$ z man1 rema9s a p]fect example = ,*ri/ians4 ,b did he appe> 9 ?is _w z a great milit>y "*1 we>+ a sword ( /eel1 clo!d ) milit>y f9]y1 & surr\nd$ by glitt]+ soldi]s1 m>*+ 9 ! pomp & p>ade ( a w>rior8 ,no2 he 0 ! meek & l[ly ,jesus1 despis$ & reject$ ( m54 ,he 0 ,k+ ( k+s & ,"l ( lords1 b 8 k+dom 0 n ( ?is _w4 ,_h 8 k+dom be5 ( ?is _w1 !n w\ld he h appe>$ z an e>?ly conqu]or1 & 8 s]vants w\ld h be5 w>riors4 ,?\gh a pr9ce1 he 0 ! ,pr9ce ( ,peace4 ,at 8 adv5t ! angels sang1 ,glory to ,god 9 ! highe/1 on e>? peace1 good w to m54 ,he came n to de/roy m5's lives1 b to save !m4 ,he 0 ! ,lamb ( ,god1 meek & l[ly4 ,he foll[$ peace ) all m52 he return$ good = evil & bless+ = curs+1 & :5 he 0 revil$ he revil$ n aga94 ,f9ally1 he 0 br\ght z a lamb to ! slaught]1 & z a %eep be=e h] %e>]s is dumb1 s he op5$ n 8 m\?4 ,t he did ?is z a necess>y "p ( 8 m$iatorial "w ne$ n be d5i$2 b t he int5d$ x also z an example to 8 foll[]s is fully confirm$ by an inspir$ apo/le1 :o says1 ,if1 :5 ye d well1 & suff] = x1 ye take x pati5tly1 ?is is acceptable ) ,god4 ,= h]eunto 7 ye call$3 because ,*ri/ also suff]$ = u1 leav+ u an example1 t ye %\ld foll[ 8 /eps3 :o did no s91 nei!r 0 guile f\nd 9 8 m\?3 :o1 :5 he 0 revil$1 revil$ n aga92 :5 he suff]$1 ?reat5$ n2 b committ$ himself to him :o judge? righte\sly4 ,*ri/ taught 8 disciples ! doctr9es ( peace1 & comm&$ !m to take up ! cross & foll[ him2 to live 9 peace & to foll[ peace ) all m54 ,8 la/ gift to !m 0 peace4 ,he said to !m1 :5 ab\t to s5d !m into ! _w1 ,behold ,i s5d y =? z lambs among wolves2 ?us tea*+ !m :at treatm5t !y might expect & :at "* !y mu/ ma9ta9 among wick$ m54 ,! nature ( lambs & wolves is too well kn[n = any "o to mi/ake ?is figurative repres5tation4 ,wolves are fi]ce1 bloody1 & rav5\s bea/s2 b lambs are mild1 in(f5sive1 & unresi/+1 hav+ no means ( relief b by flight4 ,n[ if a ho/ ( pr(ess+ ,*ri/ian w>riors1 m>%al$ "u ! ensign ( a prey+ eagle or a pr[l+ lion1 clo!d 9 all ! spl5dor ( dea?ly armor1 & ru%+ =w>d to de/roy _! fell[-creatures1 are 9 figurative language b lambs1 ,i confess ,i am at a loss :]e to look = ! wolves6 ,d ^! w>like ,*ri/ians appe> mild z lambs & h>mless z doves1 k9d & t5d]-he>t$1 do+ good to all1 to fri5ds & foes1 z !y h opportunity8 ,c fight+ be liv+ peaceably ) all m58 ,is x return+ good = evil1 & ov]com+ evil ) good8 ,if n1 x is n imitat+ ! example ( ,*ri/4 ,if ,*ri/ians 7 l ,*ri/1 _! w>f>e w\ld n be c>nal1 b spiritual1 correspond+ ) ! armor :i* he has provid$4 ,!y w\ld conqu] by fai? & ov]come by ! blood ( ! ,lamb1 n c\nt+ _! lives de> to !mselves4 ,on ! :ole1 if to engage 9 w> is n avoid+ ! appe>ance ( evil1 b is runn+ into temptation2 if x inflates ! pride ( m52 if x infr+es on ! rights ( consci5ce2 if x is n =giv+ trespasses z we wi% to be =giv52 if x is n pati5t suff]+ "u unju/ & cruel treatm5t2 if x is n do+ to o!rs z we w\ld h !m d to u2 if x is n manife/+ love to enemies & return+ good = evil2 if x is r5d]+ evil = evil2 if x is do+ evil t good may come2 & if x is inconsi/5t ) ! example ( ,*ri/1 !n x is altoge!r contr>y to ! _s & precepts ( ! gospel & is highly crim9al4 ,!n ,*ri/ians _c engage 9 w> or approve ( x )\t incurr+ ! displeasure ( ,heav54 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 view ( ! subject1 if :at has be5 said is 9 sub/ance correct1 & ( ?is ,i desire ! read] consci5ti\sly to judge1 !n ! crim9ality ( w> & its inconsi/5cy ) ! gospel are und5iable4 ,x is admitt$ by all t w> _c exi/ )\t crim9ality some:]e1 & g5]ally :]e qu>rel+ & /rife are1 !re is blame on bo? sides4 ,& h[ x is t _m ,*ri/ians :o manife/ a laudable zeal to expose & c\nt]act vice & wick$ness 9 v>i\s o!r =ms are sil5t on ! subject ( w>1 sil5t z to ^? p>ts or practices ( w> :i* are manife/ly & undisputably crim9al1 is to me my/]i\s4 ,!re has be5 a noble & p]sev]+ opposition aga9/ ! inhuman & cruel practice ( ! slave trade2 & by ! bless+ ( ,god ! ef=ts aga9/ x h be5 successful1 probably1 = ! "t1 beyond ! mo/ sangu9e expectations4 ,:5 ! lawfulness ( ?is practice 0 fir/ call$ 9 "q1 x 0 viol5tly def5d$ z well by pr(ess+ ,*ri/ians z by o!rs4 ,comp>atively few ,*ri/ians fifty ye>s ago d\bt$ ! propriety ( buy+ & hold+ slaves2 b n[ a man advocat+ ! slave trade c\ld h>dly hold 9 ?is vic9ity a *>itable /&+ 9 any ( ! *ur*es4 ,b :5ce has aris5 s great a revolution 9 ! m9ds ( ! mass ( pr(ess+ ,*ri/ians on ?is subject8 ,x has happ5$ n because ! _s or precepts ( ! gospel h *ang$1 b because !y are bett] und]/ood4 ,*ri/ians :o h be5 e>ly educat$ to believe t a doctr9e is correct1 & :o *]i% a respect = ! in/ructions ( _! p>5ts & tea*]s1 seldom inquire = !mselves1 aft] arriv+ at ye>s ( maturity1 unless some?+ special calls up _! att5tion2 & !n !y are too apt to def5d ! doctr9e !y h imbib$ be=e !y exam9e x1 & to ex]t !mselves only to f9d evid5ce 9 its favor4 ,?us error is p]petuat$ f g5]ation to g5]ation until ,god1 9 8 provid5ce1 raises up "s to be> op5 te/imony aga9/ x2 & z x becomes a subject ( controv]sy1 "o aft] ano!r ga9s light1 & tru? is at l5g? disclos$ & e/abli%$4 ,h5ce x is ! solemn duty ( e "o1 h[ev] feeble 8 p[]s1 to be> op5 te/imony aga9/ :atev] error prevails1 = ,god is able f small means to produce great effects4 ,!re is at pres5t 9 _m ( our *ur*es a noble /&>d lift$ up aga9/ ! abom9able s9 ( intemp]ance1 ! greate/ evil1 p]haps1 w> except$1 9 ! l&1 & ?is de/ructive vice has already receiv$ a *eck f :i* x w nev] recov] unless ,*ri/ians relax _! ex]tions4 ,b if w> is a great] evil ?an drunk5ness1 h[ c ,*ri/ians rema9 sil5t respect+ x & be innoc5t8 ,public tea*]s consid] x to be _! duty boldly & op5ly to oppose vice4 ,f ! press & f ! pulpit !y d5\nce !ft1 pr(an5ess1 ,sabba? break+1 & intemp]ance2 b w> is a great] evil ?an all ^!1 = ^! & _m o!r evils foll[ 9 its tra94 ,mo/ ,*ri/ians believe t 9 ! mill5nial day all weapons ( w> w be conv]t$ into h>mless ut5sils ( use1 t w>s w cease to ! ends ( ! e>?1 & t ! b5ign _s ( peace w cov] ! e>? z ! wat]s d ! seas4 ,b !re w be !n no new gospel1 no new doctr9es ( peace2 ! same bless$ gospel :i* we enjoy w produce peace on e>? & good w to m54 ,& is x n ! duty ( e ,*ri/ian n[ to exhibit ! same _s & temp] :i* w be !n manife/$8 ,if s1 let e "o foll[ ! ?+s t make = peace1 & ! ,god ( peace %all bless him4 ,,objections ,,answ]$ ,z 0 propos$1 a numb] ( objections to ! g5]al s5tim5ts t h be5 advocat$ %all be /at$ & answ]$4 ,objection fir/4 ,%all we /& /ill & suff] an assass9 to ent] our h\ses )\t resi/ance & let him murd] ourselves & families8 ,answ]4 ,i beg9 ) ?is because x is g5]ally ! fir/ objection t is made to ! doctr9e ( peace by all p]sons1 high & l[1 le>n$ & unle>n$2 not)/&+ x is an objection d]iv$ f a fe> ( consequ5ces & n f a conviction ( duty1 & might ) ! same propriety h be5 made to ! m>tyrs :o1 = consci5ce' sake1 refus$ to repel _! murd]]s ) c>nal weapons1 z to ,*ri/ians :o1 = consci5ce' sake1 refuse at ?is day to resi/ evil4 ,no ,*ri/ian w pret5d t def5se ) c>nal weapons is n crim9al1 if ! gospel really =bids x1 let ! consequ5ces ( nonresi/ance be :at !y may4 ,= ! requisitions ( ! gospel are ! rule ( duty4 ,b ,i presume ! objection above /at$ arises altoge!r f an appreh5sion ( consequ5ces r ?an f reg>d to duty4 ,e c&id p]son mu/ admit t ?is objection is ( no =ce1 until ! "q :e!r ! gospel does or does n prohibit resi/ance ) dea?ly weapons is fir/ settl$4 ,x might1 !re=e1 ju/ly be dismiss$ )\t fur!r rem>k2 b z mank9d are (t5 m influ5c$ by suppos$ consequ5ces ?an by consid]ations ( duty1 & z ! objection is v popul>1 x may des]ve a m p>ticul> reply4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ,i w\ld obs]ve t ! supposition ( ! objector relates to a v extreme case1 a case :i* has v r>ely1 if ev]1 occurr$ to ,*ri/ians hold+ to nonresi/ance ) dea?ly weapons1 & x be>s little or no resemblance to ! g5]al pr9ciples or practices ( w> :i* are op5ly advocat$ & promot$ by pr(ess+ ,*ri/ians4 ,%\ld an ev5t l t suppos$ 9 ! objection take place1 x w\ld be a mom5t ( surprise & agitation 9 :i* few c\ld act collect$ly f pr9ciple4 ,:at 0 done w\ld probably be done 9 p]turbation ( m9d4 ,b w> betwe5 nations is a bus9ess ( calculation & debate1 af=d+ s mu* "t = reflection t m5 ne$ n act f sudd5 & viol5t impulse1 b may act f fix$ pr9ciple4 ,9 ?is respect1 !re=e1 w> is a v diff]5t ?+ f :at is involv$ 9 ! objection :i* does n 9 ! lea/ affect ! pr9ciples or practice ( sy/ematic w>f>e4 ,x is n uncommon to he> p]sons :o are hopefully pi\s1 :5 press$ by ! example & ! precepts ( ,*ri/ aga9/ w>1 ackn[l$ge t mo/ ( ! w>s :i* h exi/$ s9ce ! gospel disp5sation _c be ju/ifi$ on ,*ri/ian pr9ciples2 yet ^! v p]sons are nev] he>d to disapprove ( ! common pr9ciples ( w>1 or to c\nt]act !m by _! lives & conv]sation be=e a wick$ _w2 b1 on ! contr>y1 !y w (t5 eulogize h]oes1 jo9 9 ! celebration ( victories1 & take z deep an int]e/ 9 ! result ( battles z ! w>riors ( ?is _w2 & if _! conduct is call$ 9 "q1 !y w attempt to ju/ify x by plead+ ! necessity ( self-def5se1 & imm$iately introduce ! above objection :i* is by no means p>allel ) ! g5]al pr9ciples & practices ( all w>s4 ,! tru? is1 w> is a v popul> ?+ among mank9d1 because x is s cong5ial to _! natural dispositions2 &1 h[ev] gravely "s m5 may1 at times1 pr(ess to deplore its calamity & wick$ness1 x is too evid5t t !y take a secret pleasure 9 ! approbation ( ! multitude & 9 ! fasc9at+ glory ( arms2 & we h reason to believe t ?is objection is (t5 made m]ely to w>d (f ! arr[s ( conviction :i* w\ld o!rwise pi]ce _! consci5ces4 ,! objection1 h[ev]1 :olly ov]looks ! provid5ce & promise ( ,god4 ,assass9s d n /roll out ( ! circle ( ,god's provid5ce4 ,n only is _! brea? 9 8 h&1 b ! weapons !y hold are "u 8 control4 ,besides1 ,god's *ildr5 are de> to him1 & he %ields !m by 8 protect+ c>e1 n suff]+ any ev5t to befall !m except su* z %all be = 8 glory & _! good4 ,:oev] t\*es !m t\*es ! apple ( 8 eye4 ,he has promis$ to be a v pres5t help to !m 9 e "t ( ne$1 & to deliv] !m t tru/ 9 him out ( all _! tr\ble4 ,he w make ev5 _! enemies to be at peace ) !m4 ,= ! eyes ( ! ,"l are ov] ! righte\s & 8 e>s are op5 to _! pray]s1 b ! face ( ! ,"l is aga9/ !m t d evil2 & :o is he t w h>m y if ye be foll[]s ( t :i* is good8 ,b if ye suff] = righte\sness' sake1 happy are ye1 & be n afraid ( _! t]ror1 nei!r be tr\bl$4 ,if ,god be ?us = 8 *ildr51 :o c be aga9/ !m8 ,is n ! arm ( ! ,"l p[]ful to save1 & a bett] def5se to all :o tru/ 9 him ?an swords & guns8 ,:oev] f\nd him unfai?ful to 8 promises or feeble to save8 ,are n ! ho/s ( heav5 at 8 comm&8 ,are n 8 angels swift to d 8 w8 ,are !y n all m9i/]+ spirits s5t =? to m9i/] = !m :o %all be heirs ( salvation8 ,! angel ( ! ,"l encampe? r\nd ab\t !m t fe> him1 & deliv]e? !m4 ,if ! ,"l is on _! side1 ,*ri/ians h no cause to fe> :at man c d unto !m4 ,says ! bless$ ,savi\r1 ,:osoev] w save 8 life %all lose x1 & :osoev] %all lose 8 life = my sake %all f9d x4 ,if consequ5ces are rightly exam9$1 !y may prove to be ( m importance ?an at fir/ suppos$4 ,if ! gospel does =bid resi/ance ) dea?ly weapons1 !n he :o saves 8 temporal life by kill+ 8 enemy may lose 8 et]nal life2 :ile he :o loses 8 life = ,*ri/'s sake is sure ( ev]la/+ life4 ,?us ! ,*ri/ian1 if he is kill$1 goes to heav52 b ! assass91 if he is kill$1 goes to hell1 & ! s\l ( ! slay] is 9 dang] ( foll[+4 ,:oev] kills ano!r to prev5t be+ kill$ himself1 does x on presumption2 =1 :atev] may be ! appe>ances1 ,god only c "k :e!r "o man w assass9ate ano!r1 be=e ! ev5t has tak5 place4 ,m51 h[ev]1 seem to ?9k little ( kill+ or be+ kill$ by fight+1 :e!r 9 s+le combat or on ! field ( g5]al battle1 ?\gh !y %udd] at ! idea ( be+ put to dea? by an assass91 unless !y c inflict or attempt to inflict on him ! same evil4 ,b ! objection is usually made on ! supposition t ! doctr9e 9 "q requires ,*ri/ians to /& /ill & r c\rt ! dagg] ?an o!rwise4 ,?is is an unfair /atem5t1 = x w\ld be presumption to /& /ill :5 !re 0 a *ance ( escape4 ,besides1 ! ,*ri/ian mu/ act on ! def5sive1 n ) c>nal1 b ) spiritual weapons1 :i* are m p[]ful :5 ex]cis$ 9 fai? ?an swords or spe>s4 ,probably no in/ance c be f\nd ( robb]s murd]+ su* z consci5ti\sly held to nonresi/ance4 ,x is resi/ance t provokes viol5ce2 =be>ance & good w repress x4 ,b if in/ances ( ?is k9d may be f\nd1 x is no evid5ce aga9/ ! doctr9e 9 "q any m ?an aga9/ ! pr9ciples ( ! ,m>tyrs4 ,god may1 = wise reasons1 call away "s ( 8 *ildr5 by ! h&s ( murd]]s2 if s1 in/ead ( los+1 !y save _! lives4 ,objection second4 ,self-def5se1 &1 if necess>y1 ) dea?ly weapons1 is ! fir/ law ( nature4 ,all ! animal creation are arm$ ) means ( def5se1 & ! pr9ciples ( ! gospel are n contr>y to ! pr9ciples ( nature2 !re=e self-def5se is n inconsi/5t ) ,*ri/ianity4 ,answ]4 ,x is admitt$ t ! laws ( ! gospel are n contr>y to ! primitive laws ( nature2 b x is by no means grant$ t !y are consi/5t ) ! laws ( corrupt nature4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ! revolt ( man ! e>? 0 curs$ = 8 sake4 ,x appe>s probable t be=e ! fall ( man animals 7 h>mless & docile2 & x is n improbable t :5 ! curse %all be remov$1 :5 ! e>? %all be fill$ ) righte\sness & peace1 ! lion & ! lamb may lit]ally lie d[n toge!r4 ,at pres5t1 inde$1 ! dove1 ! lamb1 & "s o!r animals h no means ( def5se1 unless flight be consid]$ su*4 ,& :ile w>riors are figuratively repres5t$ by f]oci\s bea/s1 real ,*ri/ians are repres5t$ by lambs & doves4 ,s f> z nature is made to speak fairly on ! subject1 x speaks 9 favor ( ! doctr9e :i* has be5 advocat$4 ,b corrupt nature /rongly dictates _m ?+s q contr>y to ! precepts ( ! gospel2 & no doctr9e w be giv5 up m reluctantly by corrupt nature ?an t ( ! lawfulness ( w>1 because no doctr9e is m cong5ial ) ! deprav$ feel+s & prop5sities ( unsanctifi$ m51 = _! feet are swift to %$ blood2 de/ruction & mis]y are 9 _! ways1 & ! way ( peace h !y n kn[n2 !re is no fe> ( ,god be=e _! eyes4 ,objection ?ird4 ,! precepts ( ! gospel are consi/5t ) ! moral law1 or ! et]nal nature ( ?+s1 :i* is =ev] ! /&>d ( "r & wrong to all moral be+s 9 ! univ]se2 & w> has be5 prosecut$ consi/5tly ) ?is rule ( "r & wrong2 !re=e w> _c be contr>y to ! precepts ( ! gospel4 ,answ]4 ,?is is an objection f\nd$ on an undef9able some?+ aside f div9e precept2 yet z "s t]ms 9 x h be5 mu* us$ 9 polemic div9ity by m5 ( em95t tal5ts & piety1 ^: praise is 9 ! *ur*es1 ,i ?9k x nei!r prop] nor mode/ to diss5t f s high au?ority )\t (f]+ "s reasons4 ,i %all1 !re=e1 make a few g5]al obs]vations on :at is call$ ! moral law1 ! et]nal rule ( "r & wrong1 or ! nature ( ?+s2 all ( :i* phrases1 ,i believe1 h be5 occasionally us$ by em95t writ]s z convey+ ! same ideas4 ,i _c agree ) su* z suppose t a moral law or nature ( ?+s exi/s indep5d5tly ( ! w ( ,god & is ! common law ( ,god & man4 ,x appe>s to me z inconsi/5t to suppose a law to exi/ )\t a lawgiv] z to suppose a _w to exi/ )\t a creator4 ,if ,god is ! only et]nal & indep5d5t ,be+ 9 ! univ]se1 & if all ?+s are ! "w ( 8 p[] & goodness1 !n ! supposition t an et]nal law exi/s indep5d5tly ( him appe>s to me to be absurd1 z on ?is supposition !re exi/s a law )\t a lawgiv] & an effect )\t a cause4 ,if ,god is n ! au?or ( all ?+s1 !n !re mu/ be m ?an "o et]nal cause ( ?+s4 ,to suppose t ! reason & fitness ( ?+s indep5d5tly ( ! w ( ,god1 ei!r 9 8 works1 8 provid5ce1 or ^w1 c be a rule ( man's duty appe>s to me z inconsi/5t z to suppose t m5 might in/itute div9e wor%ip f su* fitness ( ?+s indep5d5tly ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god2 = ! w ( ,god to man seems z necess>y to lay a f\ndation ( moral obligation & to direct man's ob$i5ce z ! exi/5ce ( ,god is necess>y to lay a f\ndation ( religi\s wor%ip4 ,%\ld x be ask$ :e!r ! laws ( ,god are n f\nd$ on ! et]nal nature & fitness ( ?+s1 ,i w\ld answ] t su* a supposition appe>s to me no m reasonable ?an to suppose t 8 p[] is f\nd$ on ! et]nal capacity ( ?+s2 = ! capacity ( ?+s has j z mu* reality & et]nity 9 x to f\nd ! omnipot5ce ( ,god ^u1 z ! reason & nature ( ?+s h to f\nd 8 inf9ite wisdom or ju/ice ^u4 ,i !re=e diss5t f all /&>d ( moral obligation :i* are suppos$ to exi/ aside f1 & indep5d5tly (1 ! div9e w2 & fully agree ) ! ,assembly's ,%ort] ,cate*ism1 9 ! answ] to ?is "q3 ,:at is ! duty :i* ,god requires ( man8 ,answ]3 ,! duty :i* ,god requires ( man is ob$i5ce to 8 reveal$ w4 ,%\ld x1 h[ev]1 be said t ?+s d exi/ aside f ! div9e w1 t x does n dep5d on ! div9e w1 b on ! nature ( ?+s1 t two & two make f\r1 or t a ?+ _c be 9 motion & at re/ at ! same "t1 x is by no means admitt$ t ?is ord] or con/itution ( ?+s exi/s indep5d5tly ( ,god2 b x is believ$ to be z mu* ! effect ( 8 p[] & goodness z any?+ else4 ,& if ,god is n ! au?or ( all ! laws bo? 9 ! natural & moral _w1 x may reasonably be inquir$1 :o is8 ,if ,god is ! moral gov]nor ( ! _w1 !n all 8 laws ov] m51 z moral be+s1 mu/ be moral laws2 & to make a di/9ction betwe5 ! laws design$ to regulate ! moral conduct ( m51 & to call "s ( !m moral & o!rs by diff]5t names1 seems to me n necess>y1 :ile ,i f9d no su* di/9ction 9 ! ,scriptures4 ,because "s ( ,god's laws 7 int5d$ to be tempor>y1 "u c]ta9 circum/ances1 !y 7 no less ( a moral nature on t acc\nt2 nei!r 0 x any less crim9al to violate !m4 ,z creat$ ?+s are 9 "s respects con/antly *ang+1 & z ! relations ( ?+s are (t5 v>i$1 s a law may be relatively "r at "o "t & relatively wrong at ano!r4 ,b z man is frail & %ort-sight$1 & is incapable ( see+ ! end f ! beg9n+1 he is totally unable ( himself to judge :at is & :at is n "r1 all ?+s consid]$2 h5ce ! necessity ( a revelation f ,god to direct 8 /eps4 ,t !re is a fitness ( ?+s & a /&>d ( moral "r & wrong _c be d5i$2 b1 in/ead ( be+ f\nd$ 9 a suppos$ nature ( ?+s indep5d5t ( ,god1 x orig9ates 9 ! v nature & p]fections ( ,god himself1 & c nev] be kn[n by man any f>!r ?an ! nature & p]fections ( ,god are kn[n4 ,a /&>d ( "r & wrong indep5d5t ( ,god1 :e!r by ! "n ( moral law or nature ( ?+s1 is :at nev] has be5 & nev] c be intelligibly def9$4 ,x is l a =m )\t dim5sions1 l a f\ndation re/+ on no?+4 ,x is1 !re=e1 9 my op9ion1 z extravagant to talk ( an et]nal nature ( ?+s1 )\t ref]5ce to ! laws ( ,god1 z x w\ld be to talk ( an et]nal wisdom or an et]nal omnipot5ce1 indep5d5t ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god4 ,b if ! /atem5t ( ! objector is meant only to imply a rule ( "r & wrong emanat+ f ! nature & p]fections ( ,god1 & co9cid5t ) 8 laws1 !n1 admitt+ ! propriety ( ! t]ms moral law1 nature ( ?+s1 etc41 ! objection1 if x proves any?+1 may prove q too mu* = its advocates2 = "u c]ta9 circum/ances x has be5 consi/5t ) ?is rule ( moral "r & wrong utt]ly to ext]m9ate nations1 to de/roy m51 wom51 & *ildr51 & %[ !m no m]cy4 ,besides1 ! :ole =ce ( ! objection re/s on ! supposition t no laws :i* h exi/$1 & :i* 7 n contr>y to ! moral law1 c be abrogat$ "u ! ,*ri/ian disp5sation or be inconsi/5t ) ! precepts ( ! gospel4 ,x h5ce foll[s t :atev] has be5 morally "r & lawful = m5 to d mu/ =ev] rema9 "r & lawful to be done4 ,?is is a necess>y result f ! premises2 b no ,*ri/ian c consi/5tly subscribe to ?is4 ,! premises mu/1 !re=e1 be uns\nd & ! objection ( no =ce4 ,if lit]al sacrifices1 slav]y1 & _m o!r practices :i* are totally aboli%$ "u ! ,*ri/ian disp5sation 7 n contr>y to ! moral law "u ! ,old ,te/am5t economy1 :y may n ! same be true ( w>8 ,:y may n ! gospel =bid w> z consi/5tly z x c =bid slav]y8 ,objection f\r?4 ,! nature ( religion & morality "u ! anci5t disp5sation 0 ! same z "u ! new4 ,love to ,god & man 0 ! sub/ance ( ! law & ! prophets2 & ?\gh tru? "u ! =m] 0 inculcat$ m by types & c]emonies1 yet ! ess5ce ( religion 0 ! same "u t z "u ! pres5t disp5sation2 & z w> 0 n inconsi/5t ) ! nature & precepts ( religion !n1 x _c be inconsi/5t ) ! nature & precepts ( religion n[1 "u l circum/ances4 ,answ]4 ,x is readily admitt$ t ! ess5ce ( religion is ! same "u ! pres5t z "u ! =m] disp5sation1 bo? requir+ at all times & 9 all actions holy ex]cises ( he>t 9 cordial ob$i5ce to div9e comm&2 yet ! laws = ext]nal conduct "u ! two disp5sations diff] widely1 & ! practice ( w> involves mu* ( ! ext]nal conduct ( m54 ,x 0 nev] "r = m5 to indulge unholy feel+s 9 ! act ( w>1 b ! ext]nal act 0 requir$ z a means ( execut+ ! div9e v5geance2 ! gospel does n comm&1 b seems pla9ly to =bid1 ! ext]nal act ( w>4 ,b to suppose t sa9ts "u ! gospel c ev] be plac$ 9 circum/ances l ^? ( ! anci5t *ur* is to suppose t !y may be put "u ! same typical economy :i* has vani%$ away1 giv5 place to ! sub/ance1 & ceas$ to be b9d+ ev5 on ! natural ,israelites4 ,to be 9 l circum/ances !y mu/ also be made ! executors ( ,god's wra?1 to inflict v5geance1 by 8 p>ticul> comm&1 on idolatr\s & rebelli\s nations4 ,! ,israelites _h ! same high au?ority to ext]m9ate ! ,canaanites & subdue ! idolatr\s nations ab\t ,pale/9e t ! holy angels _h to de/roy ,sodom & ,gomorrah4 ,x is p]fectly pla9 t if ,god %\ld positively comm& ,*ri/ians to take ! weapons ( w> & n only repel invasion b actually ext]m9ate nations1 x w\ld be _! duty to obey1 & a refusal w\ld be op5 rebellion aga9/ ,god4 ,! ,old ,te/am5t sa9ts receiv$ su* comm&s1 b ,*ri/ians h no su* au?ority1 :i* makes a mat]ial diff]5ce 9 circum/ances4 ,"s g5]al obs]vations relative to ! diff]5t disp5sations ( ! *ur* ( ,god may illu/rate ?is topic m fully4 ,! ,old ,te/am5t economy has sometimes1 p]haps )\t reason1 be5 divid$ into ! ,adamic1 ,patri>*al1 & ,mosaic disp5sations ( ! *ur*2 b z ! latt] 0 m full & complete1 & z ! di/9ction betwe5 ! ,mosaic & ,*ri/ian disp5sations is common1 ,i %all conf9e my rem>ks *iefly to t di/9ction1 ?\gh ,i consid] ! great di/9ction to be betwe5 ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5t economies4 ,! ,old ,te/am5t economy1 9 g5]al1 0 typical ( ! ,new4 ,"u ! =m] disp5sation lit]al & temporal ?+s typifi$ spiritual & ev]la/+ ?+s "u ! latt]4 ,! nation ( ,israel1 *os5 & sep>at$ f all o!r nations1 typifi$ ! true ,israel ( ,god1 :o are *os5 out ( e nation & sanctifi$ & set ap>t z a holy nation & peculi> p1 to (f] up spiritual sacrifices to ,god4 ,! l& ( ,canaan 0 a type ( ! heav5ly ,canaan4 ,j]usalem 0 a type ( ! ,new ,j]usalem f above4 ,m\nt ,zion & ! royal ?rone ( ,israel1 :i* 7 9 ,j]usalem1 typifi$ ! heav5ly ,zion & ! ?rone ( ! true ,david :o n[ reigns 9 glory4 ,! sacrifices 7 types ( spiritual (f]+s4 ,! ,israelites _h enemies )9 & foes )\t1 lit]al weapons ( w> & lit]al w>f>e1 typical ( spiritual foes1 spiritual armor1 & spiritual w>f>e4#a ,_! k+s 7 seat$ on ! ?rone ( ! ,"l 7see #a ,*ron4 xxix4 #bc74 ,at ! comm& ( ,god !y judg$ & made w> & conqu]$ _! enemies & ?us typifi$ ! ,son ( ,god :o is n[ on ! ?rone ( 8 ,fa!r ,david1 & :o 9 righte\sness judges & makes w> & rides =? conqu]+ & to conqu]4 ,! anci5t promises & ?reat5+s 7 mo/ly temporal1 b typical ( spiritual & ev]la/+ promises & ?reat5+s4 ,d\btless ! gospel 0 prea*$ by types & figures "u ! ,old ,te/am5t economy1 & ! sa9ts ( old look$ ^u ^? temporal ?+s m]ely z %ad[s repres5t+ a m endur+ sub/ance4 ,:5 !y look$ ^u ,canaan1 ! l& ( promise1 !y view$ x z a type ( ! heav5ly ,canaan1 & confess$ t !y 7 /rang]s & pilgrims on e>? seek+ a bett] c\ntry4 ,:5 !y look$ on ! ble$+ lamb !y beheld1 by ! eye ( fai?1 ! ,lamb ( ,god :o take? away ! s9s ( ! _w4 ,?us we may see t almo/ ! :ole ( ! ,old ,te/am5t economy 0 typical & tempor>y1 & n int5d$ to be p]fect & ev]la/+4 ,b "u ! gospel disp5sation we h a new cov5ant & bett] promises :i* are int5d$ to be p]fect & ev]la/+4 ,x is !re=e m prop] = ^? :o live "u ?is new & p]fect disp5sation to look at ! sub/ance ?an at ! %ad[ = a rule ( duty4 ,errors are (t5 & easily propagat$ by reason+ f analogy & introduc+ x z pro( ( s5tim5ts in/ead ( illu/ration4 ,?is is frequ5tly done 9 relation to ! ,old ,te/am5t economy & common political gov]nm5t4 ,x is n uncommon to he> m9i/]s1 9 _! political s]mons1 reason & inf] j z if !re 7 a p]fect p>allel betwe5 ! ,jewi% !ocracy & political gov]nm5ts1 :5 at ! head ( "o 0 ! ,"l ( ho/s & at ! head ( ! o!rs are b m52 :5 "o 0 ! *ur* ( ! liv+ ,god1 & ! o!rs are b human in/itutions4 ,!y n unfrequ5tly speak ( ,god's driv+ out ! hea!n be=e 8 ,am]ican ,israel & plant+ !m 9 a goodly l&1 z ?\gh !re 7 a p]fect p>allel betwe5 ! ,am]icans driv+ ! ,indians f _! native soil & tak+ possession ( x !mselves1 )\t div9e commission1 & ! ,israelites go+ at ! express comm& ( ,god & tak+ possession ( ,canaan4 ,?us !y endeavor to keep up a p>allel betwe5 ,god's anci5t *ur* & civil gov]nm5ts4 ,! economy ( ,god's anci5t cov5ant p 0 by no means a political in/itution 9 ! popul> s5se1 b x 0 a disp5sation ( ! *ur* ( ,god1 & 9 its rites1 c]emonies1 & gov]nm5t 0 typical ( ! k+dom ( ,messiah "u 8 m$iatorial reign1 & diff]$ widely 9 its nature1 orig91 & design f m]e political gov]nm5ts2 !re=e all reason+ drawn f a suppos$ analogy betwe5 !m is speci\s & false4 ,! ,israelites _h no au?ority to enact laws or to alt] ,god's laws "o iota2 _! duty 0 implicitly to obey !m4 ,b if ,*ri/ians take _! au?ority = go+ to w> f ! practice ( ! ,old ,te/am5t sa9ts1 _! example w prove too mu*2 x w n only all[ w>1 b (f5sive w> 9 its mo/ dreadful =ms4 ,objection fif?4 ,abraham w5t to w>1 n l ! ,israelites at ! comm& ( ,god1 yet he met ) ! div9e approbation :5 he return$ f ! slaught] ( ! k+s2 he1 !re=e1 mu/ h act$ on a univ]sal law /ill 9 =ce2 & z ,*ri/ians are call$ ! *ildr5 ( ,abraham !y ought1 ( c\rse1 to imitate 8 example 9 su* ?+s z ,god approv$4 ,answ]4 ,abraham1 l ! ,israelites1 0 "u a typical disp5sation & practic$ rites & c]emonies :i* 7 a %ad[ ( good ?+s to come4 ,t he act$ )\t div9e comm&1 9 ! w> ref]r$ to1 is m ?an we are w>rant$ to say4 ,he 0 a prophet & ! fri5d ( ,god & probably 0 acqua9t$ ) ! div9e w on ?is subject4 ,*ri/ians are n call$ ! *ildr5 ( ,abraham because !y imitate 8 example 9 w>1 b because !y ex]cise l preci\s fai? ) him4 ,if ,*ri/ians are w>rant$ to imitate ! example ( ,abraham 9 all ?+s :i* 7 tol]at$ by ,god1 !n !y may sacrifice cattle1 practice polygamy1 & buy & hold slaves4 ,b if !y object to 8 example z a rule ( duty 9 ^! in/ances1 :y n object to 8 example z a rule ( duty 9 ! case ( w>8 ,b to say t he act$ f "s univ]sal law /ill 9 =ce is tak+ = grant$ ! "q 9 dispute1 & _c be admitt$ )\t evid5ce4 ,! w> wag$ by ,abraham aga9/ ! k+s 01 ,i appreh5d1 (f5sive r ?an def5sive2 = ,lot1 8 bro!r's son1 :om he rescu$1 did n !n belong to 8 family or k+dom1 b 0 sep>at$ f him & 0 also a patri>*1 a fa!r ( nations1 & a pr9ce or head ov] 8 own h\se or k+dom4 ,x appe>s v evid5t t (f5sive z well z def5sive w> 0 tol]at$ "u ! patri>*al economy1 z may be se5 f ! words ( ! inspir$ ,jacob :5 bless+ 8 sons 7,g54 xlviii4 #bb74 ,t1 z well z ! ,mosaic disp5sation1 0 typical1 & d\btless w> 0 all[$ "u bo? = ! same reasons4 ,b !re c be no d\bt t :oev] attempts to ju/ify w> by ! example ( ,abraham may equally ju/ify ! slav]y ( our fell[-m52 & :oev] dep5ds on 8 example = au?ority = engag+ 9 w>1 to be consi/5t1 mu/ advocate & def5d ! doctr9e ( slav]y4 ,objection six?4 ,x appe>s to be a univ]sal law ( ,god t :oso %$de? man's blood1 by man %all 8 blood be %$4 ,if "o man1 or "o nation1 attacks ano!r & %$s 8 blood1 8 own mu/ be %$ 9 return4 ,h5ce ?is precept n only au?orizes tak+ away ! life ( a murd]]1 b au?orizes nations to repel by w> nations t wage w> aga9/ !m4 ,answ]4 ,:e!r ?is 0 a precept giv5 to man z a rule ( duty or n is v que/ionable1 ?\gh x has g5]ally be5 s con/ru$1 at lea/ s9ce ! d>k ages ( ! *ur*2 & x is /ill m que/ionable :e!r x is a univ]sal & p]petual law4 ,if we att5d to ! phraseology ( ?is decree ( ,god1 we %all f9d x to be v diff]5t f t ( ! precepts1 g5]ally1 deliv]$ to ,moses4 ,god did n say to ,noah1 z he (t5 did to ,moses1 ?\ %alt d ?is1 or t1 b he said1 ,i w require ! life ( man1 etc4 ,if ,god _h design$ to delegate executive au?ority to ,noah & 8 desc5dants to execute retributive judgm5t on ! manslay]1 ! connection ( ! :ole language mu/ h be5 alt]$1 = ,god decl>$ :at he w\ld d himself4 ,x appe>s1 !re=e1 to h be5 ,god's decree1 & ! promulgation ( 8 law by :i* he w\ld inflict righte\s judgm5t on ! guilty2 ! p5alty 0 int5d$ z a w>n+ to det] mank9d f viol5ce1 ! s9 = :i* ! old _w 0 swept away4 ,& ,i see no reason :y ?is ?reat5+ %\ld n be consid]$ p>allel ) ! decrees ( ,*ri/1--t all !y t take ! sword %all p]i% ) ! sword2 he t leade? into captivity %all g into captivity2 he t kille? ) ! sword mu/ be kill$ ) ! sword2 "h is ! fai? & ! pati5ce ( ! sa9ts4 ,:y ! =m] %\ld be consid]$ z a rule ( ob$i5ce = man1 & ^! latt] passages n s1 ,i am unable to say4 ,he t kille? ) ! sword mu/ be kill$ ) ! sword is z positive z :oso %$de? man's blood1 by man %all 8 blood be %$4 ,x may be obs]v$ t ! fai? & pati5ce ( ! sa9ts is "h spok5 ( 9 su* a way z to imply t !y ex]cis$ & manife/$ _! fai? & pati5ce :5 !y 7 put to dea? by viol5ce or c>ri$ into captivity4 ,&1 inde$1 h[ c\ld _! fai? & pati5ce appe> if !y1 l ! wick$ _w1 return$ evil = evil1 c>ri$ into captivity1 & kill$ ) ! sword8 ,! orig9al ?reat5+ has be5 fulfill$ by ! provid5ce1 & sometimes by ! express comm&1 ( ,god4 ,z ,noah 0 ! head ( ! new _w & ! fa!r ( nations1 x seems to h _h ref]5ce to nations r ?an to individuals2 & all nations t h %$ blood 9 w> mu/1 9 _! turn1 h _! own blood %$2 s t all !y t take ! sword may p]i% ) ! sword agreeably to ! ?reat5+ made kn[n to ,noah1 & to ^? ann\nc$ by ,*ri/4 ,b1 admitt+ t ! law quot$ 9 ! objection 0 int5d$ z a rule ( duty = man1 x does n appe> t x 0 design$ to be univ]sal & p]petual4 ,be=e ! flood no au?ority appe>s 9 any s5se to h be5 delegat$ to man to %$ ! blood ( man4 ,s f> f execut+ ! p5alty ( dea? or caus+ x to be execut$ ^u ,ca91 :o 0 ( ! wick$ "o & slew 8 bro!r1 not)/&+ 8 guilty =ebod+s1 ,god ?reat5$ a sev5fold v5geance on him :o %\ld presume to d x4 ,"u ! ,mosaic disp5sation _m crimes 7 puni%able ) dea? accord+ to positive precept2 b ,god1 = wise reasons1 did n always h ! p5alty execut$4 ,david 0 guilty ( murd] & adult]y1 bo? capital crimes2 yet he 0 p]mitt$ to live4 ,all k9ds ( v9dictive puni%m5t "u ! ,*ri/ian disp5sation appe> to be absolutely =bidd54 ,by v9dictive ,i mean t :i* is int5d$ to v9dicate ! law1 z execut+ /rict ju/ice1 & prev5t (f5ses only1 z tak+ away life1 b :i* is n design$ to promote ! individual good ( ! p]son puni%$4 ,t puni%m5t :i* is design$ & :i* has a t5d5cy to promote ! good ( ! puni%$1 z well z to det] (f5d]s1 ,i consid] to be /rictly discipl9>y or corrective1 & consi/5t ) ! _s & precepts ( ! gospel4 ,says an apo/le1 ,de>ly belov$1 av5ge n y\rselves1 b give place unto wra?3 = x is writt51 ,v5geance is m9e2 ,i w repay1 sai? ! ,"l4 ,= ! wra? ( man worke? n ! righte\sness ( ,god4 ,x has be5 said t ?is only =bids a rev5geful temp]1 b ?is evasion w n d2 = ,*ri/ians are "h =bidd5 to d ! v ?+ :i* ,god decl>es he w d himself1 & he does no?+ b :at is holy4 ,r5d] to no man evil = evil1 is a positive precept )\t any limitation1 & :i* admits ( no evasion2 & x mu/ pla9ly resc9d ! law ( %$d+ man's blood because he _h %$ ! blood ( man4 ,b ! exclamation is (t5 made1 ,:at1 n puni% a murd]] ) dea?6 ,little d ^? :o make ?is exclamation ?9k t !y !mselves also are s9n]s & t e s9 des]ves n only temporal dea? b ,god's wra? & curse =ev]1 & t !y are 9 l condemnation unless r$eem$ by ! blood ( ! ,lamb4 ,= su*1 x might be well to inquire if !y "k :at mann] ( _s !y are (4 ,! mo/ prom95t *>act]i/ic ( ,messiah's reign ov] m5 9 ?is _w is m]cy1 s9ce he has secur$ ! rights & honor ( ! div9e gov]nm5t by ! sacrifice ( himself s t ! guilty may live4 ,he has giv5 8 life z a ransom & tak5 ! _w into 8 h&s z ! rul]1 judge1 & rew>d]1 & (f]s ! *ief ( s9n]s m]cy2 & ! m]its ( 8 blood are suffici5t to cleanse f all s9 z well aga9/ man z aga9/ ,god4 ,& :o c help be+ a/oni%$ at ! amaz+ diff]5ce betwe5 8 laws & 8 deal+s ) m51 & ^? sangu9>y laws ( m5 accord+ to :i* "u ! light ( ! gospel !y puni% ) dea?4 ,! pr(ess$ pr9ciple & design ( ^! laws is /rict ju/ice2 b 7 m5 dealt ) accord+ to /rict ju/ice by him :o rules above1 :o w\ld be able to /&8 ,^! laws ( m5 accept no atonem5t = capital (f5ses2 no m]cy is (f]$1 = none is provid$ = ^? :o incur _! p5alty2 b ! gospel (f]s m]cy to ! *ief ( s9n]s :ile x condemns ^? :o reject ! (f]s4 ,capital (f5d]s w nev] be condemn$ by civil gov]nm5ts = ! rejection ( (f]$ m]cy1 = no m]cy is provid$ = !m4 ,h[ unlike ! div9e gov]nm5t6 ,b ,*ri/ians are comm&$ to be m]ciful1 z _! ,fa!r 9 heav5 is m]ciful1 :o %[]s d[n bless+s on ! evil & un?ankful4 ,our ,ma/] has told u t ) :at judgm5t we judge we %all be judg$2 & ) :at measure we mete x %all be measur$ to u aga92 t if we =give we %all be =giv52 & if we =give n we %all n be =giv52 & t if we %[ no m]cy we %all h judgm5t )\t m]cy4 ,*ri/ians ought to pond] ! subject well be=e !y advocate ! consi/5cy & safety ( disp5s+ ju/ice )\t m]cy4 ,let !m le>n :at t meane?1 ,i w h m]cy & n sacrifice4 ,objection sev5?4 ,e purpose is e/abli%$ by c\nsel1 & ) good advice make w>2 ,= by wise c\nsel ?\ %alt make w>1 etc4 ,"h w> is recogniz$ z a duty "u c]ta9 circum/ances1 & ! mann] 9 :i* x is to be und]tak5 is po9t$ out1 viz41 by wise c\nsel4 ,answ]4 ,! inspir$ ,prov]bs are maxims ( wisdom illu/rat$1 = ! mo/ "p1 by "s famili> subject t exi/$ at ! "t !y 7 deliv]$4 ,! object "h is n to inculcate ! lawfulness ( w> b ! necessity ( s\nd wisdom 9 relation to ! actions ( m52 & ! subject ( w> appe>s to be introduc$ m]ely to illu/rate ?is idea4 ,! c\nsel & wisdom ( m5 9 relation to _! temporal & worldly conc]ns are (t5 wor?y ( imitation 9 ref]5ce to spiritual ?+s2 = ! *ildr5 ( ?is _w are1 9 "s s5se1 wis] 9 _! g5]ation ?an ! *ildr5 ( light1 & ! conduct ( worldly m5 is (t5 v appropriately introduc$ to illu/rate ,*ri/ian duty4 ,our ,"l says1 ,:at k+1 go+ to w> ) ano!r k+1 sitte? n d[n fir/1 & consulte? :e!r he be able ) t5 ?\s& to meet him t come? aga9/ him ) tw5ty ?\s&8 ,d\btless our ,"l's design 0 to w>n p to c\nt ! co/ be=e !y pr(ess$ to be foll[]s ( him1 t !y might n be deceiv$ & disc\rag$1 & t !y might act f pr9ciple & n f hypocrisy4 ,b he inculcat$ ^! ?+s by ref]r+ to ! example ( k+s 9 _! consultations ab\t w>4 ,& x is believ$ t ! passages be=e cit$ are ( simil> import4 ,^! ref]5ces to w>1 be+ introduc$ m]ely = ! illu/ration ( o!r subjects1 w no m prove ! lawfulness ( w> ?an ! ref]5ce ( ! apo/le to ! ,olympic games1 = illu/ration1 w prove ! lawfulness ( ^? hea!n feats4 ,b if ?is explanation %\ld n be satisfactory1 x may be obs]v$ t ! ,prov]bs 7 writt5 "u ! ,old ,te/am5t economy :i* tol]at$ (f5sive z well z def5sive w>2 :5ce x does n appe> t any w> c be und]tak5 "u ! pres5t disp5sation1 by wise c\nsel1 except t :i* is spiritual2 s t if ! anci5t 0 typical ( ! new disp5sation1 !n ! passages quot$ w n[ apply only to spiritual w>f>e4 ,objection eigh?4 ,:5 ! soldi]s dem&$ ( ,john ! ,bapti/ :at !y %\ld d1 "o ( ! directions :i* he gave !m 0 to be cont5t ) _! wages4 ,if _! occupation _h be5 unlawful1 !n he w\ld n h direct$ !m to be cont5t$ ) ! wages ( wick$ness4 ,answ]4 ,john ! ,bapti/ 0 "u ! ,mosaic economy1 ! new disp5sation n hav+ comm5c$4 ,he 0 b ! =]unn] ( ! ,"l1 a h]ald to s\nd 8 approa*4 ,b he gave ! soldi]s ano!r direction1 viz41 to d viol5ce to no man1 ob$i5ce to :i* is totally incompatible ) w>1 z t is no?+ else b viol5ce4 ,only h9d] soldi]s f do+ viol5ce to any man & y /op at once ! :ole progress ( w>2 !re=e1 if ! directions ( ,john are insi/$ on z gospel au?ority1 !y w prove1 probably1 mu* m aga9/ ! lawfulness ( w> ?an 9 favor ( x4 ,objection n9?4 ,! ,c5turion & ,cornelius 7 ,*ri/ians & soldi]s & highly approv$ ( ,god = _! fai? & piety2 nor 7 !y direct$ by ,*ri/ or 8 apo/les to r5\nce _! pr(ession2 !re=e ! pr(ession ( arms is n inconsi/5t ) ,*ri/ian duty4 ,answ]4 ,!y 7 fir/ soldi]s & !n ,*ri/ians2 & we h no evid5ce t !y cont9u$ 9 ! pr(ession ( arms2 nor are we w>rant$ to say t !y 7 n direct$ to r5\nce t pr(ession1 z ! ,scriptures are sil5t on ! subject4 ,pet]1 x appe>s1 t>ri$ a numb] ( days ) ,cornelius1 & he d\btless expla9$ to him ! _s & precepts ( ! gospel2 & x is v probable t nei!r ,cornelius nor ! ,c5turion cont9u$ soldi]s 9 any o!r s5se ?an !y 7 soldi]s ( ,*ri/1 z ! idolatr\s rites enjo9$ on ! ,roman soldi]s 7 totally inconsi/5t ) ! ,*ri/ian "*1 aside f ! unlawfulness ( w> itself4 ,besides1 ! ,roman soldi]s 7 z (t5 engag$ 9 (f5sive z 9 def5sive w>2 !re=e1 if ! argum5t has any =ce on ! "q1 x w tol]ate n only def5sive b (f5sive w>1 & also ! idolatr\s rites ( ! ,roman armies4 ,objection t5?4 ,our ,"l paid tribute money1 :i* w5t to support milit>y p[]1 b he w\ld n contribute to ! support ( a wick$ ?+1 !re=e w> is n inconsi/5t ) ,*ri/ianity4 ,answ]4 ,a di/+ui%$ trait ( ! ,*ri/ian religion is peace4 ,! comm& is1 ,foll[ peace ) all m54 ,bless$ are ! peacemak]s3 = !y %all be call$ ! *ildr5 ( ,god4 ,our ,"l set ! example ( giv+ no j cause ( (f5se to any4 ,tribute 0 dem&$ ( him unju/ly accord+ to ! exi/+ laws1 b le/ fault %\ld be f\nd1 he wr\ght a miracle & paid x4 ,money is a temporal ?+1 & belongs to ! gov]nm5ts ( ?is _w1 z ! v>i\s co9s be> ! ensign ( ! nation by :om !y 7 made2 b ! ,*ri/ian's treasure is n 9 ?is _w1 & :5 ! rul]s ( ?is _w call = t :i* be>s _! own image & sup]scription1 ,*ri/ians h no "r to )hold f !m _! dues1 = !y mu/ r5d] to ,caes> ! ?+s t are ,caes>'s4 ,= ?is cause !y ought to pay tribute & resign up temporal ?+s )\t a murmur to temporal gov]nm5ts1 & leave x ) ,caes> to manage ! ?+s ( ,caes>4 ,?us f> are ,*ri/ians w>rant$ to act1 f ! example ( ,*ri/ & ! precepts ( ! gospel2 b h[ does ! lawfulness ( w> foll[ f ,*ri/ians r5d]+ to ,caes> 8 due8 ,is x because "s ( ! money goes to support w>8 ,probably1 ( ! money :i* our ,"l paid z mu* w5t to ! support ( idolatry & ! games ( ! day z to ! support ( w>4 ,n[ if ! argum5t is s\nd1 we may n only prove by x ! lawfulness ( w> b ! lawfulness ( idolatry & _m o!r abom9able ?+s practic$ by ! hea!n gov]nm5ts4 ,objection elev5?4 ,our ,"l1 j be=e 8 crucifixion1 comm&$ 8 disciples to take swords1 &1 if any 7 de/itute1 to sell _! g>m5ts & procure !m1 z !y w\ld no long] h 8 p]sonal pres5ce to protect !m2 & z !y 7 to enc\nt] great trials & difficulties1 !y mu/1 besides rely+ on provid5ce1 take all prud5t means = _! def5se & pres]vation4 ,answ]4 ,t our ,"l did n direct !m to take swords = self-def5se is evid5t because he told !m t two 7 en\gh1 & because ! disciples nev] made any use ( !m aft] _! ,ma/] direct$ ,pet] to put up 8 & pron\nc$ a p5alty on all :o %\ld h rec\rse to swords aft]w>ds4 ,b ! design seems to h be5 to %[ by example 9 ! mo/ try+ situation :]e self-def5se 0 ju/ifiable1 if 9 any case1 t ! use ( ! sword 0 utt]ly prohibit$ "u ! gospel economy1 & to %[ ! crim9ality & dang] ( ev] us+ dea?ly weapons aga9/ mank9d aft]w>ds4 ,if ,*ri/'s k+dom _h be5 ( ?is _w1 !n1 he tells u1 8 s]vants w\ld h f\ght2 b 8 k+dom be+ n ( ?is _w1 ! weapons ( _! w>f>e 7 n c>nal b spiritual4 ,he !re=e rebuk$ !m = _! mi/ak5 zeal1 heal$ ! w\nd !y made1 & =bade ! use ( ! sword4 ,objection twelf?4 ,*ri/ians are comm&$ to be 9 subjection to civil rul]s :o are ,god's m9i/]s to execute wra? on ! wick$ & are m9i/]s ( good to ! *ur*2 !re=e ,*ri/ians are b\nd to take ! sword at _! comm&2 = civil gov]nm5t is orda9$ ( ,god & civil rul]s are n to be> ! sword 9 va91 & ,*ri/ians may lawfully d :at ,god orda9s to be done4 ,answ]4 ,t civil gov]nm5t1 s call$ 9 di/9ction f religi\s gov]nm5t1 is orda9$ by ,god is fully admitt$1 & also t ,god orda9s :atsoev] comes to pass4 ,b !re is a great diff]5ce betwe5 8 decretive & 8 preceptive w4 ,! =m] is n a rule ( duty = man )\t ! latt]2 ! latt] is always a rule ( duty4 ,?is fact might be prov$ by a multitude ( in/ances f ,scripture4 ,p]sons !re=e may be v wick$ 9 do+ :at ,god orda9s to be done1 if !y act )\t 8 comm&4 ,t civil gov]nm5ts & civil rul]s exi/ only by ,god's decretive w1 :i* is fulfill$ by 8 provid5ce & n by 8 preceptive w1 is evid5t because ,god has nev] au?oriz$ ! appo9tm5t ( !m or giv5 any precepts or any comm&s z a code ( laws to any d5om9ation or class ( p z su*1 di/9ct f 8 own cov5ant p or *ur*2 & ?is fact ,i beg leave to submit z a conclusive evid5ce t civil gov]nm5ts & civil rul]s exi/ only by ,god's decretive w & n by 8 preceptive w4 ,"u ! anci5t disp5sation no laws or directions 7 giv5 to any class ( m51 z su*1 o!r ?an ,god's own cov5ant p or *ur*1 unless "s special comm&s on s+ul> occasions1 or ! g5]al comm& to rep5t & turn to ,god1 be except$4 ,! k+ on ! ?rone ( ,israel 0 z truly an (fic] 9 ! *ur* ( ,god z ! high prie/ :o ent]$ into ! holy ( holies4 ,bo? 7 set ap>t & ano9t$ ) ! holy oil1 at ! comm& ( ,god1 & bo? 7 types ( ! ,son ( ,god4 ,! k+ z mu* typifi$ 8 k+ly (fice z ! prie/ did 8 prie/ly (fice4 ,bo? 7 necess>y p>ts ( t complete %ad[ ( good ?+s !n to come4 ,"u ! gospel disp5sation no au?ority f ,god is to be f\nd = appo9t+ & sett+ ap>t civil rul]s1 nor are !re any directions giv5 to civil rul]s1 z su*1 h[ to conduct 9 _! (fice1 unless ^? :o rule 9 ! *ur* are call$ civil rul]s4 ,all ! precepts & directions 9 ! gospel1 except+ su* z 7 special 7z ^? :i* relat$ only to ! apo/les7 or su* z are univ]sal 7relat+ alike to all m571 are giv5 to ! disciples z memb]s ( ,*ri/'s k+dom1 :o are n ( ?is _w1 ev5 z he 0 n ( ?is _w4 ,! ,son ( ,god came into ! _w to set up ! k+dom ( heav51 :i* is a p]fect & ev]la/+ k+dom & di/9ct f all o!r k+doms :i* are to be de/roy$ to give place to 8 div9e & heav5ly reign4 ,he came 9 ! lik5ess ( m51 s9 except$1 & laid d[n 8 life a ransom = ! _w1 & !n rose a triumphant conqu]or1 & 9 ! complex "* ( ,god & man1 z ,m$iator1 he took ! univ]se1 8 pur*as$ possession1 into 8 h&s z a lawgiv]1 judge1 & rew>d]4 ,he took ! scept] :5 x dep>t$ f ,judah1 & is exalt$ f> above all pr9cipality & p[] & might & dom9ion1 & has a "n above e "n1 all executive p[] 9 heav5 & e>? be+ giv5 to him z ,m$iator4 ,?us1 z ,m$iator1 ! k+dom ( heav5 is 8 k+dom4 ,he reigns n only z ,k+ ( k+s & ,"l ( lords b seat$ on ! ?rone ( 8 fa!r ,david1 he is =ev] ,k+ 9 ,zion & is head ov] all ?+s to 8 *ur*4 ,8 k+dom is n ( ?is _w1 nei!r are 8 subjects ( ?is _w1 ?\gh "s ( !m are 9 x4 ,he s5t out 8 disciples to appe> 9 a di/9ct "* f ! _w & to be a light to x by imitat+ 8 example & by exhibit+ 8 _s & temp]4 ,!y ought n to say1 z ! ,jews did1 t !y h no k+ b ,caes>1 = !y h an ev]la/+ ,k+ & k+dom & laws p]fect & et]nal4 ,!y %\ld1 !re=e1 set _! affections on ?+s above & n on ?+s b5ea?4 ,:ile ! k+doms ( ?is _w exi/1 ,*ri/ians mu/ rema9 9 captivity to !m & mu/ obey all _! laws :i* are n contr>y to ! laws ( ! gospel2 o!rwise !y _c rema9 peaceful1 h>mless1 & blameless 9 ! mid/ ( a wick$ _w be=e :om !y mu/ %9e z lights4 ,?\gh ! *ur* is n[ 9 captivity1 yet h] r$emption drawe? nigh1 = ,god w soon ov]?r[ ! ?rone ( k+doms1 & ! ?rones w be ca/ d[n & ! pr9ces ( ?is _w w come to naught4 ,! /one :i* 0 cut out ( ! m\nta9 )\t h&s w da% !m to pieces1 z ! pott]'s vessel is %iv]$1 & w become a great m\nta9 & fill ! :ole e>?2 !n ! k+dom & ! dom9ion & ! greatness ( ! k+dom "u ! :ole heav5 %all be giv5 to ! p ( ! sa9ts ( ! mo/ high ,god ^: k+dom is an ev]la/+ k+dom & ( ^: dom9ion !re %all be no end4 ,?\gh ,god1 by 8 decree1 has orda9$ civil gov]nm5ts & e/abli%$ k+doms1 & w by 8 provid5ce make !m subs]vi5t to ! good ( 8 *ur* & p1 & not)/&+ x is ! duty ( ,*ri/ians to be 9 subjection to !m & pay tribute1 yet x does n foll[ t _! g5ius & laws may n (t5 be contr>y to ! g5ius & laws ( ! gospel1 & :5 !y are s ,*ri/ians mu/ n obey !m nor c\nt _! lives de> to !mselves4 ,x %\ld be di/9ctly rememb]$ t :5 ,*ri/ians 7 exhort$ & comm&$ to be ob$i5t to civil rul]s1 !y 7 "u hea!n1 idolatr\s1 civil gov]nm5ts1 & ^? civil gov]nm5ts 7 by no means cong5ial ) ! _s & precepts ( ! gospel2 /ill ,*ri/ians 7 comm&$ to be 9 subjection to !m2 n1 h[ev]1 )\t limitation1 = !y utt]ly refus$ ob$i5ce 9 _m in/ances & nobly suff]$ or di$ z m>tyrs4 ,?us civil gov]nm5t may be an ord9ance ( ,god1 may be subs]vi5t to ! good ( ! *ur*1 may be an in/rum5t 9 ,god's h&s ( execut+ 8 wra?1 & ,*ri/ians may be b\nd to obey magi/rates 9 all ?+s n contr>y to ! gospel2 & yet x w n foll[ t ,*ri/ians may consi/5tly ) ! gospel take up ! sword or d any?+ to c\nt5ance w>4 ,if x be ! duty ( ,*ri/ians to take ! sword & ent] ! field ( battle at ! comm& ( _! civil rul]s1 !n !re c\ld be no impropriety 9 hav+ armies :olly made up ( real ,*ri/ians1 especially s9ce x is ! duty ( e man to become a ,*ri/ian2 & z pr(ess+ ,*ri/ian nations are almo/ con/antly fight+ ea* o!r1 x w\ld be p]fectly prop] = ho/s ( pi\s sa9ts to be daily engag$ 9 %$d+ ea* o!r's blood4 ,b h[ w\ld x appe>1 h[ does x appe>1 = ^? :o h drunk into ! same peaceful & heav5ly _s1 :o are unit$ toge!r by ! t5d] ties ( ! ,r$eem]'s blood1 :o are all memb]s ( ! same family1 & :o hope ?r\gh div9e grace to dwell toge!r 9 ev]la/+ love & bless$ness1 to be fight+ "o ano!r "h ) rel5tless fury8 ,let u contemplate ! subject1 9 ?is po9t ( view1 a little fur!r4 ,suppose an ,engli% & an ,am]ican frigate 9 ! "t ( w>1 bo? mann$ entirely ) real ,*ri/ians1 %\ld meet 9 a neutral port4 ,ought !y n !n to conduct t[>ds ea* o!r z bre?r5 ( "o common ,"l8 ,z !y are all memb]s ( ! same family & h all be5 r$eem$ by ! same blood1 & sanctifi$ by ! same div9e _s1 !y surely mu/ h ! mo/ t5d] affection = ea* o!r1 & x w\ld be highly prop] = !m to meet toge!r = ,*ri/ian fell[%ip1 wor%ip1 & communion4 ,suppose1 !n1 t !y occasionally g on bo>d ea* o!r's %ips = religi\s wor%ip2 t _! *apla9s lead 9 _! devotions1 us+ su* petitions z ^!--pray+ t !y may be all ( "o he>t & "o m9d 9 ! k ( ,*ri/1 knit toge!r 9 ! bonds ( ,*ri/ian love2 t !y may h mu* ( ! wisdom f above :i* is fir/ pure1 !n peaceable1 g5tle1 easy to be entreat$2 t !y may d good to all z !y h opportunity1 especially to ! h\sehold ( fai?2 t !y may be meek & g5tle z lambs & h>mless z doves2 t !y may be k9d & =giv+ & t1 l _! ,div9e ,ma/]1 !y may return good = evil & h _! affections on ?+s above & n on ?+s b5ea?2 aft] :i* !y unit$ly p>take ( ! symbols ( ,*ri/'s brok5 body & %$ blood1 & !n "p ) ! t5d]e/ tok5s ( ,*ri/ian fell[%ip & love4 ,!y leave ! port & meet aga9 at sea4 ,x n[ becomes _! duty1 on ! pr9ciples ( w>1 in/ead ( meet+ z ,*ri/ian bre?r51 to meet z rag+ tig]s & dis*>ge ! flam+ eng9es ( dea? on ea* o!r2 & 9 ord] to p]=m _! duty to _! ,god & c\ntry1 !y mu/ ex]t all _! p[] & skill to de/roy "o ano!r4 ,! dreadful /ruggle & c>nage mu/ be cont9u$ by bo? p>ties z long z bo? c fight4 ,:5 half ( _! crews are wall[+ 9 _! blood & expir+ 9 agonies1 a viol5t ef=t mu/ be made by "o or bo? to bo>d ! o!r & end ! conte/ sword 9 h&4 ,^? h&s :i* rec5tly salut$ ea* o!r ) ,*ri/ian love n[ plunge ! env5om$ /eel into _! bre?r5's bosoms4 ,at l5g? "o is vanqui%$ & yields to ! o!r4 ,^? :o rema9 alive aft] ! conflict aga9 unite 9 pray] & give ?anks to ,god t he has giv5 !m c\rage & /r5g? to fight s nobly1 & t he has %ield$ _! lives 9 ! h\r ( battle4 ,?us !y aga9 resume _! ,*ri/ian fell[%ip & communion4 ,?is mutual fell[%ip1 communion1 & love are p]fectly consi/5t ) ,*ri/ian "* & are requir$ by x4 ,! conduct :i* has be5 suppos$ z enemies :5 fight+ is also entirely consi/5t ) ! pr9ciples ( w> & ) ! "* ( w>riors1 & is su* z w\ld be highly applaud$ & admir$ by ! _w4 ,b is x n obvi\sly & p]fectly absurd & p]fectly incompatible ) ! pr9ciples ( ! gospel = ,*ri/ians to act 9 ?is tw(old "*8 ,if1 h[ev]1 x is ! duty ( ,*ri/ians to obey ! comm& ( _! rul]s & engage 9 w>1 !n x w\ld be p]fectly prop] = :at has be5 suppos$ to take place4 ,*ri/ians may "o day surr\nd ! table ( ! ,"l toge!r1 & ! next kill & de/roy ea* o!r4 ,! god ( ?is _w1 n be+ yet *a9$ d[n to hell1 deceives ! nations & ga!rs !m toge!r to battle2 b ! *ildr5 ( peace1 ! citiz5s ( ,zion1 ought n to m+le ) !m or li/5 to ! deceiv]4 ,!y %\ld take to !mselves n c>nal weapons b ! :ole armor ( ,god1 t !y may be able to /& 9 an evil day & to qu5* all ! fi]y d>ts ( ,satan4 ,objection ?irte5?4 ,to d5y ! "r ( ! magi/rate to call on 8 subjects to take ! sword is to d5y t he is an av5g] to execute wra?1 ?\gh ! gospel expressly decl>es t he is4 ,answ]4 ,?is conclusion does n foll[ unless x is a fact t ,god _c & does n actually make him ! in/rum5t ( do+ x1 by 8 provid5ce1 )\t 8 comm&2 =1 z we h already obs]v$1 m5 may fulfill ! decrees ( ,god "u 8 provid5ce1 )\t 8 comm&1 & be v crim9al 9 ! de$4 ,god rais$ up ! k+ ( ,assyria & made him ! rod ( 8 ang]1 to *a/ise 8 p & to execute wra? ^u ! ungodly nations ar\nd4 ,h[beit he meant n s1 b x 0 9 8 he>t to cut (f nations n a few4 ,& ,god decl>$1 ) ref]5ce to him1 t :5 he _h p]=m$ 8 :ole "w he w\ld puni% ! fruit ( 8 /\t he>t & ! glory ( 8 high looks4 ,x w n be cont5d$ t w>like nations are comm&$ by ,god to de/roy & trample d[n ! nations ( ! e>? z ! du/ ( _! feet2 yet1 :5 !y d s1 !y d\btless fulfill 8 high decree & are av5g]s to execute 8 wra? on a wick$ _w4 ,! bea/ repres5t$ 9 ! ,revelation ) sev5 heads & t5 horns has g5]ally be5 consid]$ z an emblem ( nations4 ,^! t5 horns1 or p[]s1 are to hate ! great h>lot ( ,babylon2 to eat h] fle% & burn h] ) fire2 & ?\gh !y de/roy ! greate/ enemy ( ! *ur*1 & 9 ?is way are m9i/]s ( good to h]1 yet !y receive _! p[] & _! seat & _! au?ority f ! old s]p5t1 ! dragon4 ,& a magi/rate or k+ may be a m9i/] ( good to ! *ur* & an av5g] to execute wra?1 & /ill be v wick$ 9 ! de$ & use v unlawful means to accompli% ! end4 ,:ile he fulfills ! decree ( ,heav51 he acts n 9 ob$i5ce to ! comm& ( ,god1 b to ! dictates ( 8 own lu/s & passions4 ,objection f\rte5?4 ,! passages ( ,scripture :i* h be5 quot$ aga9/ retaliation & :i* inculcate love to enemies & ! return+ ( good = evil h ref]5ce to individuals 9 _! conduct t[>ds ea* o!r1 b h no relation to civil gov]nm5t & are n int5d$ z a rule ( duty = "o nation t[>ds ano!r2 !y !re=e h no be>+ on ! subject ( w>4 ,answ]4 ,^? precepts ( ! gospel appe> to be b9d+ univ]sally )\t any limitation1 & m5 h no "r to limit t :i* ,god has n limit$4 ,if ! comm&s ( ! gospel are b9d+ ^u e "o 9 8 individual capacity1 !n !y mu/ be b9d+ ^u e "o 9 any collective body1 s t :atev] is morally wrong = e individual mu/ be equally wrong = a collective body2 & a nation is only a l>ge numb] ( individuals unit$ s z to act collectively z "o p]son4 ,!re=e1 if x is crim9al = an individual to lie1 /eal1 qu>rel1 & fight1 x is also crim9al = nations to lie1 /eal1 qu>rel1 & fight4 ,if x is ! duty ( an individual to be k9d & t5d]-he>t$ & to h a =giv+ & m]ciful disposition1 x is likewise ! duty ( nations to be k9d1 =giv+1 & m]ciful4 ,if x is ! duty ( an individual to return good = evil1 !n x is ! duty ( nations to return good = evil4 ,x is self-evid5t t individuals _c delegate p[] to communities :i* !y d n possess !mselves4 ,!re=e1 if e individual is b\nd to obey ! precepts ( ! gospel & _c z an individual be releas$ f ! obligation1 !n individuals h no p[] to release any collective body f t obligation4 ,to say t ,god has giv5 to nations a "r to return evil = evil is begg+ ! "q1 = x does n appe> & _c be %[n t ,god has re/rict$ ! precepts ( ! gospel to individuals1 or t he has giv5 any precepts to nations z su*1 or to any o!r community ?an 8 own cov5ant p or *ur*4 ,?is objection makes gov]nm5t an ab/raction accord+ ) ! common say+1 ,gov]nm5t is )\t a s\l4 ,no practice has a m corrupt t5d5cy ?an t ( attempt+ to limit ! ,scriptures s z to make !m trim ) ! corrupt practices ( mank9d4 ,:oev]1 = ! sake ( support+ w>1 attempts to limit ^! precepts ( ! gospel to individuals & d5ies t !y are b9d+ ^u nations de/roys "o ( ! ma9 pill>s by :i* ! lawfulness ( w> is upheld4 ,! "r ( nations to def5d !mselves ) ! sword is argu$ on ! suppos$ "r ( individual self-pres]vation2 z x is said to be "r = individuals to def5d !mselves ) dea?ly weapons1 s x is lawful = nations to h rec\rse to ! sword = def5se ( _! rights4 ,b if ^! passages are applicable to individuals & prohibit !m f acts ( retaliation1 & if ! rights ( nations are f\nd$ on ! rights ( individuals1 !n nations h no "r to retaliate injury4 ,objection fifte5?4 ,*ri/ians1 ) comp>atively few exceptions1 h n d\bt$ ! lawfulness ( w>1 & _m h actually f\ght & bl$ on ! field ( battle & consid]$ !mselves 9 ! way ( _! duty4 ,& %all all our pi\s =efa!rs be condemn$ = engag+ 9 w>8 ,answ]4 ,x is admitt$ t _m pi\s p h engag$ 9 w>1 b !y might h be5 9 an error on ?is subject z well z on _m o!r subjects4 ,_m ( our pi\s =efa!rs engag$ 9 ! slav]y ( _! fell[-m51 & ?\ght !mselves 9 ! way ( _! duty2 b does x foll[ t !y 7 n 9 an error8 ,! circum/ance t multitudes def5d a s5tim5t is no c]ta9 evid5ce ( its tru?4 ,"s ( ! re=m]s 7 object$ to because ! multitude 7 aga9/ !m4 ,popul>ity1 h[ev]1 ev] has influ5c$ & ev] w influ5ce mank9d m ?an pla9 gospel duty1 until ! e>? %all be fill$ ) ! abundance ( peace4 ,b not)/&+ ?is1 x is n "r to foll[ ! multitude to d evil4 ,all ought to rememb] t !y h no "r to foll[ ! example ( any "o any fur!r ?an t example co9cides ) ! example ( ,*ri/ or ! precepts ( ! gospel2 all o!r /&>ds are fallible & dang]\s4 ,if real ,*ri/ians h1 f mi/ak5 zeal1 pray$ aga9/ ea* o!r & f\ght ea* o!r & %$ ea* o!r's blood1 ?is does n ju/ify w>4 ,objection sixte5?4 ,if ,*ri/ians g5]ally %\ld adopt ^! s5tim5ts1 x w\ld be impossible = !m to subsi/ 9 ?is _w 9 its pres5t /ate1 & if !y did cont9ue x mu/ be 9 abject slav]y4 ,!y w\ld become hew]s ( wood & draw]s ( wat] to ! tyrannical & oppressive1 & w\ld only enc\rage !m 9 _! de$s ( wick$ness4 ,! inju/ice ( m5 mu/ be re/ra9$ or ! e>? w aga9 be fill$ ) viol5ce4 ,! necessity ( ! case is su* t mank9d w\ld be w>rant$ to take up arms to ma9ta9 _! rights & repel oppressors1 if ! ,scriptures 7 sil5t on ! subject4#b ,answ]4 ,we h ! hi/ory ( ! hea!n _w to tea* u :at mank9d are )\t ! light ( revelation4 ,!y are full ( all unrighte\sness1 covet\sness1 malici\sness2 full ( enmity1 murd]1 debate1 deceit1 malignity2 !y are pr\d1 boa/]s1 )\t natural affection1 implacable1 unm]ciful4 ,n[ ! v design ( ! gospel is to subdue & ov]come ^! abom9able passions & dispositions2 n h[ev] by return+ viol5ce = viol5ce b by produc+ virtues directly contr>y4 ,! great duty ( ,*ri/ians is to be a light to ?is wick$ _w by exhibit+ 9 _! conduct & conv]sation ! _s & temp] ( ! gospel4 ,if su* 7 ! practice ( ,*ri/ians1 we h reason to believe t wick$ m5 w\ld be ov]aw$ & det]r$ f _! viol5ce 9 a great measure4 ,besides1 if all real ,*ri/ians %\ld utt]ly refuse to be> arms = ! de/ruction ( _! fell[-m51 x w\ld greatly dim9i% ! /r5g? & boldness ( w>like nations1 s t x w\ld be impracticable = !m to prosecute w> ) ! vigor & fury t !y n[ d4 ,b if ! gospel prohibits w>1 !n to urge ! necessity ( ! case aga9/ ! comm&s ( ,god is op5 rebellion aga9/ 8 gov]nm5t z well z total di/ru/ ( 8 ^w & provid5ce4 ,if ,*ri/ians live 9 habitual ob$i5ce to ,god's comm&s1 !y h ! promise t all ?+s %all "w toge!r = _! good1 & !y h no reason to fe> !m t kill ! body & aft] t h no m t !y c d4 ,x is /range t ,*ri/ians %\ld h s great a reluctance to suff] inconv5i5ce 9 worldly ?+s = ! sake ( ! gospel4 ,! sc(fs & p]secutions ( ! _w & ! fe> ( ! loss ( worldly ?+s are p[]ful b>ri]s aga9/ ,*ri/ian w>f>e4 ,! gospel tea*es u t all :o live godly 9 ,*ri/ ,jesus %all suff] p]secution1 & t ?r\gh mu* tribulation ! sa9ts mu/ ent] into ! k+dom ( heav52 & is x n pla9ly ow+ :olly to _! con=mity to ! _w t !y n[ suff] s little p]secution & practice s little self-d5ial8 ,if !re is res]v$ = !m an et]nal weight ( glory1 :at if !y1 l _! ,div9e ,ma/]1 %\ld n h :]e to lay _! heads8 ,if !y are to inh]it a cr[n ( immortal glory1 :at if !y are call$ to suff] ! loss ( e>?ly ?+s8 ,if !y are h]eaft] to reign z k+s & prie/s unto ,god1 :at if !y are n rank$ among ! great & honorable ( ! e>?8 ,if !y suff] ) ,*ri/1 !n w !y also reign ) him2 b if !y d5y him1 he also w d5y !m2 & if !y are a%am$ ( him1 he w also be a%am$ ( !m be=e 8 ,fa!r & ! holy angels4 ,let ,*ri/ians !n obey 8 comm&s & tru/ to 8 protection :ile !y resolutely ab/a9 f ! wick$ practices ( ! _w4 ,objection sev5te5?4 ,x is ! duty ( mank9d to use means = ! pres]vation ( life & lib]ty2 !y mu/ till ! gr\nd1 if !y expect a crop4 ,x w\ld be presumptu\s = !m to pray = & to expect _! daily bread )\t us+ su* means z ,god has put 9 _! p[] to obta9 x2 & x w\ld be equally presumptu\s to expect ! pres]vation ( _! lives & lib]ties )\t us+ su* means to pres]ve & def5d !m z ,god has put into _! h&2 !y mu/ act z well z pray4 ,answ]4 ,t us+ means is ! duty ( ,*ri/ians1 !re c be no d\bt2 b !y mu/ be su* z ,god has appo9t$1 & n su* z human wisdom may dictate4 ,!re is no dispute z to ! propriety ( us+ means1 b only z to ! k9d ( means :i* ,*ri/ians ought to use4 ,! weapons ( _! w>f>e are n c>nal1 b spiritual1 & !y are mighty ?r\gh ,god to ! pull+ d[n ! /rongholds ( s9 & ,satan4 ,x is (t5 said1 ,if y wi% to put a /op to w>1 spread ! gospel ?r\gh ! _w4 ,we w\ld inquire1 ,if ! gospel tol]ates w>1 h[ w its univ]sal diffusion put a /op to w>8 ,z has already be5 obs]v$1 x w\ld be op5 rebellion to d :at ,god has =bidd51 & high-h&$ presumption to ask 8 aid 9 ! ?+s :i* he has prohibit$4 ,objection eighte5?4 ,"s ecclesia/ical hi/orians in=m u t ,*ri/ians 9 ! e>ly ages ( ! *ur*1 ?\gh !y cont5d$ s firmly = ! fai? z to suff] m>tyrdom r ?an submit to idolatry1 yet did n refuse to be> arms 9 def5se ( _! c\ntry1 ev5 :5 call$ ^u by hea!n magi/rates1 & _! example ought to h weight ) u4 ,answ]4 ,! te/imony ( ! e>ly ,fa!rs is entitl$ to reg>d1 b mu/ n be consid]$ z infallible au?ority1 = !y 7 m5 ( l passions ) o!rs & _c be foll[$ safely any f>!r ?an !y foll[$ ,*ri/4 ,b ! weight ( _! te/imony on ! subject1 ,i appreh5d1 w be f\nd to /& directly aga9/ ! lawfulness ( w> on ,*ri/ian pr9ciples4 ,erasmus1 :o 0 an em95t s*ol>1 & :o 0 probably z well acqua9t$ ) ! s5tim5ts ( ! primitive ,fa!rs z any mod]n writ]1 9 8 ,antipolemus1 or ,plea aga9/ ,w>1 replies to ! advocates ( w> z foll[s3 ,!y fur!r object ^? op9ions or decrees ( ! ,fa!rs 9 :i* w> seems to be approv$4 ,( ?is sort !re are "s1 b !y are only late writ]s1 :o appe>$ :5 ! true _s ( ,*ri/ianity began to langui%1 & !y are v few2 :ile1 on ! o!r h&1 !re are innum]able ones among ! writ]s ( ackn[l$g$ sanctity :i* absolutely =bid w>2 & :y %\ld ! few r ?an ! _m intrude !mselves into our m9d8 ,b>clay1 :o exam9$ ! writ+s ( ! ,fa!rs on ?is subject1 says1 ,x is z easy to obscure ! sun at midday z to d5y t ! primitive ,*ri/ians r5\nc$ all rev5ge & w>4 ,cl>kson1 :o also exam9$ ! ,fa!rs1 decl>es t e ,*ri/ian writ] ( ! second c5tury :o notices ! subject makes x unlawful = ,*ri/ians to be> arms4 ,cl>kson has made copi\s extracts f ! writ+s ( ! ,fa!rs aga9/ w>1 a few ( :i*1 z quot$ by him & o!rs1 %all be ins]t$ "h4 ,ju/9 ,m>tyr & ,tatian bo? consid]$ ! devil ! au?or ( w>4 ,ju/9 ,m>tyr1 :ile speak+ ( ! prophecies relat+ to ! days ( peace1 says1 ,t ?is prophecy is fulfill$ y h good reason to believe1 = we :o 9 times pa/ kill$ "o ano!r d n n[ fight ) our enemies4 ,cl>kson adds1 ,x is obs]vable t ! ^w 'fight' does n mean to /rike1 beat1 or give a bl[1 b to fight 9 w>2 & ! ^w 'enemy' does n mean a common adv]s>y :o has injur$ u1 b an enemy ( /ate4 ,ir5aeus says t ,*ri/ians 9 8 day _h *ang$ _! swords & _! lances into in/rum5ts ( peace1 & t !y knew n h[ to fight4 ,maximilian & a numb] ( o!rs 9 ! second c5tury actually suff]$ m>tyrdom = refus+1 on gospel pr9ciples1 to be> arms4 ,celsus made x "o ( 8 *>ges aga9/ ! ,*ri/ians t !y refus$ to be> arms = ! ,emp]or4 ,orig51 9 ! foll[+ c5tury1 admitt$ ! fact & ju/ifi$ ! ,*ri/ians on ! gr\nd ( ! unlawfulness ( w> itself4 ,t]tullian1 9 8 disc\rse to ,scapula1 tells u t no ,*ri/ians 7 to be f\nd 9 ! ,roman armies4 ,9 8 decl>ation on ! wor%ip ( idols he says1 ,?\gh ! soldi]s came to ,john & receiv$ a c]ta9 =m to be obs]v$1 & ?\gh ! ,c5turion believ$1 yet ,jesus ,*ri/1 by dis>m+ ,pet] dis>m$ e soldi] aft]w>ds2 = cu/om c nev] sanction an illicit act4 ,aga91 9 8 ,soldi]'s ,g>l&1 he says3 ,c a soldi]'s life be lawful1 :5 ,*ri/ has pron\nc$ t he :o lives by ! sword %all p]i% by ! sword8 ,c "o :o pr(esses ! peaceable doctr9e ( ! gospel be a soldi] :5 x is 8 duty n s mu* z to g to law8 ,& %all he :o is n to av5ge 8 own wrongs be in/rum5tal 9 br++ o!rs into *a9s1 imprisonm5t1 torm5t1 & dea?8 ,he tells u1 also1 t ! ,*ri/ians 9 8 day 7 suffici5tly num]\s to h def5d$ !mselves if _! religion _h p]mitt$ !m to h rec\rse to ! sword4 ,!re are "s m>vel\s acc\nts ( ,*ri/ian soldi]s relat$ by ,eusebius2 b ,valesius1 9 8 annotations on ^! acc\nts1 has abundantly prov$ !m to be fabul\s1 ?\gh he 0 n oppos$ to w> & c\ld h _h no o!r object b to support ! tru?4 ,eusebius1 9 8 orations on ,con/ant9e1 uses su* extravagant adulation1 :i* falls b little %ort ( idolatry1 t 8 acc\nt ( ,*ri/ian w>riors ought to be receiv$ ) great caution1 especially :5 we recollect t *ur* & /ate 71 9 8 day1 unit$4 ,on ! :ole1 x is v evid5t t ! e>ly ,*ri/ians did refuse to be> arms1 & al?\gh "o ( _! objections 0 ! idolatr\s rites connect$ ) milit>y s]vice1 yet !y did object on acc\nt ( ! unlawfulness ( w> itself4 ,we h no good evid5ce ( ,*ri/ians be+ f\nd 9 ! armies until we h evid5ce ( great corruption 9 ! *ur*4 ,b admitt+ t we _h good evid5ce t !re 7 pr(ess+ ,*ri/ians 9 ! army at an e>ly p]iod ( ! *ur*1 ,i appreh5d x w\ld be ( little importance1 = ! idolatr\s rites & c]emonies ( ! hea!n armies 7 ( su* a nature z to be totally inconsi/5t ) ,*ri/ian "*1 & ! example ( idolatr\s ,*ri/ians surely ought to h no weight4 ,"s objections ( less importance might be /at$ :i* h f "t to "t be5 made aga9/ ! s5tim5ts "h advocat$2 b to /ate & reply to ev]y?+ t might be said is n necess>y4 ,speci\s objections h be5 & /ill are made to almo/ e doctr9e ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,mank9d c g5]ally f9d "s plausible argum5ts to support :atev] !y wi% to believe4 ,! pleas 9 favor ( w> are v cong5ial ) ! natural feel+s ( ! human he>t1 & unless m5 w exam9e ) a s]i\s1 c&id1 & pray]ful disposition to asc]ta9 ! tru? z x is 9 ,jesus1 !y w be v likely to imbibe & def5d error4#c ,! writ]1 ?\gh f> f suppos+ t ev]y?+ he has said on a subject t has be5 s little discuss$ is free f error1 is consci\s ( hav+ endeavor$ to exam9e x ) s]i\sness & c&or1 & feels satisfi$ t ! g5]al s5tim5ts he has advanc$ are accord+ to godl9ess4 ,he s9c]ely hopes t e "o :o may p]use ^! pages w d x 9 ! meek & unbias$ _s ( ! gospel1 & !n judge :e!r w> c be reconcil$ ) ! lamblike example ( ,*ri/2 :e!r x is really =giv+ ! trespasses ( enemies1 lov+ & do+ !m good1 & return+ good = evil2 = if x is n1 x is unque/ionably inconsi/5t ) ! _s & ! precepts ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,all :o e>ne/ly desire & look = ! mill5nial glory ( ! *ur* %\ld consid] t x c nev] arrive until ! _s & practice ( w> are aboli%$4 ,all :o love our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 s9c]ity _c b ard5tly desire t w>s may cease to ! ends ( ! e>? & t mank9d %\ld embrace ea* o!r z bre?r54 ,if s1 is x n _! duty to d all 9 _! p[] to promote s b5evol5t an object8 ,ought n e individual ,*ri/ian to conduct 9 su* a mann] t if e o!r p]son imitat$ 8 example x w\ld be be/ = ! :ole8 ,if s1 w\ld !y n imm$iately r5\nce ev]y?+ t leads to w>s & fight+s & embrace ev]y?+ :i* w\ld promote t glori\s reign ( righte\sness & peace = :i* !y e>ne/ly hope1 long1 & pray8 ,! "w ( righte\sness %all be peace1 & ! effect ( righte\sness1 quietness & assurance =ev]4 ,,footnotes3 #a ,says ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,scott1 9 8 ,essay1 p4 #dbb3 ,we ought n !re=e to fe> our enemies because he w be ) u1 & if ,god be = u1 :o c be aga9/ u8 ,or :o c d\bt b he t is 9 u is great] ?an he t is 9 ! _w8 ,?is 0 typically intimat$ 9 ! promises made to ,israel respect+ _! w>s ) ! ,canaanites & o!r nations1 :i* 7 %ad[s & figures ( ! good fight ( fai?4 ,bi%op ,horne1 9 8 preface to ! ,psalms1 views ! subject 9 ! same light4 #b ,all ^! objections introduc$ are c>efully select$ f "s ( ! able/ advocates = ! lawfulness ( w>4 #c ,! la/ po9t ,am]ican ,*ri/ians w give up is ! ju/ification ( _! fa!rs 9 ! ,w> ( ! ,revolution4 ,,hymn ,,sugge/$ ,,by ,,! ,,prec$+ ,,tra9 ,,( ,,?\ght1 ,,& ,,app5d$ ,,to ,,! ,,orig9al ,,edition ,,( ,,! ,,essay ,,on ,,w> ,great ,sun ( glory1 rise & %9e1 ,dispel ! gloom ( night2 ,let ! f\l spirits /ret* _! w+s1 ,& fly be=e ?y light4 ,rebuke ! nations1 /op _! rage1 ,de/roy ! w>rior's skill1 ,hu% all ! tumults ( ! e>?2 ,o speak6 say1 ,peace1 be /ill4 ,break1 break ! cruel w>rior's sword1 ,asund] cut 8 b[1 ,comm& him by ?y sov]eign ^w ,to let ! captives g4 ,no m let h]oes' glory s\nd1 ,no m _! triumphs tell1 ,br+ all ! pride ( nations d[n-- ,let w> return to hell4 ,!n let ?y bless$ k+dom come1 ,) all its heav5ly tra91 ,& p\r ?y peaceful _s d[n1 ,l g5tle %[]s ( ra94 ,!n %all ! pr[l+ bea/s ( prey1 ,l lambs be meek & mild2 ,vip]s & asps %all h>mless tw9e ,ar\nd ! wean$ *ild4 ,! happy sons ( ,zion sit ,secure b5ea? _! v9es2 ,or1 %ad[$ by _! fig-tree's tops1 ,%all dr9k _! *e]+ w9es4 ,! nations to ?y scept] b[1 ,& own ?y g5tle sway2 ,!n all ! w&]+ tribes ( m5 ,to !e _! tribute pay4 ,angelic ho/s %all view ! sc5e1 ,delight$1 spread _! w+s2 ,d[n to ! e>? aga9 !y fly1 ,& /rike _! l(ty /r+s4 ,! li/5+ nations cat* ! s\nd1 ,& jo9 ! heav5ly *oir1 ,to swell al\d ! song ( praise1 ,& vie ) sacr$ fire4 ,glory to ,god on high6 !y s\nd1 ,9 /ra9s ( angels' mir?2 ,good w & peace to m51 !y s+1 ,s9ce heav5 is br\ght to e>?4 ,,! ,,m$iator',s ,,k+dom ,,n ,,( ,,?is ,,_w3 ,,b ,,spiritual ,,by ,,an ,,inquir] ,! writ] ( ! foll[+ pages has1 = a consid]able "t1 d\bt$ ! propriety ( "s ( ! common practices ( ,*ri/ians4 ,to satisfy himself he has1 if he is n deceiv$1 c&idly & dilig5tly exam9$ ! ,scriptures ) a view to asc]ta9 & practice ! tru?4 ,aft] consid]able inquiry 8 d\bts increas$4 ,he !n appli$ to "s highly respectable & pi\s fri5ds1 :o frankly ackn[l$g$ t !y _h nev] fully exam9$ ! subject1 z !y _h nev] _h any d\bt conc]n+ x4 ,!y judg$ ! matt] weighty & advis$ him to arrange 8 ?\ghts & commit !m to pap]4 ,?is he has endeavor$ to d z well z a v infirm /ate ( body & a press ( comm]cial bus9ess w\ld admit4 ,aft] submitt+ :at he _h writt5 to "s ( 8 fri5ds1 !y unanim\sly advis$ him to lay x be=e ! public1 hop+ t x might h a t5d5cy to call ! subject into notice & lead to a m complete & full exam9ation4 ,) ?is view he has v5tur$ to commit ! foll[+ %eets to ! press4 ,he has only to beg t ! ,*ri/ian :o may take ! tr\ble to read !m w n be s solicit\s to reply to ! argum5ts z to exam9e & illu/rate ! tru?4 ,! k+dom ( our glori\s ,m$iator is b little notic$ 9 ! _w1 yet x is preci\s 9 ! eyes ( ! ,"l4 ,! ,"l ha? *os5 ,zion4 ,%e is ! r$eem$ ( ! ,"l4 ,he ha? said1 he :o t\*es h] t\*es ! apple ( 8 eye4 ,%e is pur*as$ by ! blood ( ! ,lamb1 sanctifi$ by ! ,_s ( grace1 & def5d$ by ! arm ( ,omnipot5ce4 ,not)/&+ %e may /ill be cov]$ ) sackclo?1 ! days ( h] m\rn+ h an end4 ,! ,"l w raise h] f ! du/ & make h] an et]nal excell5cy & ! joy ( _m g5]ations4 ,! my/ical body ( ,*ri/ is compos$ ( t innum]able company :i* no man c numb]1--out ( e nation & k9dr$ & p & tongue1--:i* w f9ally /& be=e ! ?rone ( ,god & ! ,lamb1 clo!d ) :ite robes & palms 9 _! h&s4 ,x is b "o body1 al?\gh compos$ ( _m memb]s4 ,! temple1 :i* 0 a symbol ( ! *ur*1 0 compos$ ( _m /ones1 al?\gh b "o build+4 ,! spiritual temple is built ( lively /ones ^u ! f\ndation ( ! apo/les & prophets1 ,jesus ,*ri/ himself be+ ! *ief corn] /one4 ,?is spiritual temple w cont9ue to rise "u diff]5t disp5sations until ! elect are ga!r$ toge!r f ! f\r w9ds ( heav5 & ! top /one is c>ri$ up ) %\ts ( ,grace1 ,grace1 unto x6 ,! ,m$iator's k+dom is n ( ?is _w4 ,jesus answ]$1 ,my k+dom is n ( ?is _w3 if my k+dom 7 ( ?is _w1 !n w\ld my s]vants fight1 t ,i %\ld n be deliv]$ to ! ,jews 7,john xviii4 #cf74 ,9 rem>k+ ^u ^! words we are naturally l$ to consid]1 ,i4 ,:at ! ,m$iator's k+dom is4 ,,ii4 ,its nature4 ,,iii4 ,its laws4 ,f :i* we propose to make sev]al inf]5ces & illu/rations = improvem5t4 ,agreeably to ! arrangem5t ( our subject1 we %all fir/ endeavor to asc]ta9 :at ! k+dom ( ! ,m$iator is2 or t k+dom :i* he s emphatically calls ,my ,k+dom1 9 di/9ction f all o!r k+doms4 ,jesus answ]$1 ,my k+dom---- ,our glori\s ,m$iator takes to himself ! maje/y ( a sov]eign & claims a k+dom4 ,9 8 m$iatorial "* he possesses1 9 an ext5sive s5se1 univ]sal empire4 ,he is exalt$ f> above all pr9cipality & p[] & might & dom9ion1 & has a "n :i* is above e "n4 ,he is ,k+ ( k+s & ,"l ( lords4 ,he is n only k+ on 8 holy hill ( ,zion b rules among/ ! nations4 ,he is1 h[ev]1 9 an appropriate s5se1 k+ ( sa9ts "u ! gospel disp5sation1 z he gov]ns ! worlds ) a view to 8 own glory & _! exaltation4 ,t ! *ur*1 "u ! gospel disp5sation1 is 9 a special mann] ! k+dom ( heav5 or ! k+dom :i* ,*ri/ s (t5 call$ 8 k+dom appe>s evid5t 7x is ?\ght7 f _m passages ( ,scripture4 ,! prophet ,daniel1 :ile int]pret+ ! symbols ( ! f\r great empires :i* 7 to arise 9 ! e>?1 adds t 9 ! days ( ^! k+s %all ! ,god ( heav5 set up a k+dom :i* %all nev] be de/roy$4 ,?is k+dom c\ld n be ! ,*ur* ,univ]sal1 = t 0 e/abli%$ 9 ! family ( ,adam & _h cont9u$ )\t be+ brok5 9 a l9e ( holy m5 d[n to ! prophet's day4 ,x mu/ !re=e h a special ref]5ce to some?+ future4 ,:5 ,john ! ,bapti/ came prea*+1 he said1 ,rep5t ye1 = ! k+dom ( heav5 is at h&1 fully imply+ t x _h n !n comm5c$4 ,he prea*$ rep5tance prep>atory to u%]+ 9 t k+dom :i* ! ,god ( heav5 0 ab\t to set up4 ,9 ! days ( ! f\r? great k+dom m5tion$ 9 ! prophecy ( ,daniel ! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/ came into our _w to e/abli% 8 k+dom4 ,z he ent]$ ^u 8 m9i/ry he decl>$ t ! "t 0 fulfill$ & t ! k+dom ( ,god 0 at h&4 ,:5 he fir/ commission$ 8 disciples & s5t !m =? to prea*1 he direct$ !m to say to _! he>]s1 ,! k+dom ( ,god is come nigh unto y4 ,9 speak+ ( ,john ! ,bapti/1 he says1 ,he 0 ! greate/ ( prophets2 b adds1 ,he t is lea/ 9 ! k+dom ( ,god is great] ?an he2 :i* mu/ be conclusive evid5ce t ,john ! ,bapti/ 0 n 9 ! k+dom ( ,god4 ,at ! ,la/ ,supp]1 aft] our ,"l _h bless$ & p>tak5 ( ! bread1 he said to 8 disciples1 ,i w n any m eat !re( until x be fulfill$ 9 ! k+dom ( ,god4 ,9 l mann]1 aft] tak+ ! cup1 he said1 ,i w n dr9k ( ! fruit ( ! v9e until ! k+dom ( ,god %all come4 ,all ( :i* seems fully to imply t ! k+dom :i* ! ,god ( heav5 0 ab\t to set up did n comm5ce be=e ! gospel disp5sation4 ,*ri/ came "u ! ,mosaic disp5sation1 t is1 "u ! law1 to r$eem ^? :o 7 "u ! law1 by ! sacrifice ( himself2 & be+ f\nd 9 ! fa%ion ( a man1 he humbl$ himself1 & became ob$i5t unto dea?1 ev5 ! dea? ( ! cross4 ,:]e=e ,god ha? highly exalt$ him1 & ha? giv5 him a "n :i* is above e "n4 ,aft] he arose f ! dead he appe>$ to 8 disciples by _m infallible pro(s1 be+ se5 ( !m =ty days1 & speak+ ( ! ?+s p]ta9+ to ! k+dom ( ,god4 ,& ,jesus came & spake unto !m1 say+1 ,all p[] is giv5 unto me 9 heav5 & 9 e>?4 ,g ye !re=e1 & tea* all nations1 baptiz+ !m 9 ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 & ( ! ,son1 & ( ! ,holy ,gho/3 tea*+ !m to obs]ve all ?+s :atsoev] ,i h comm&$ y3 &1 lo1 ,i am ) y always1 ev5 unto ! end ( ! _w4 ,am54 ,"h we see ! ,m$iator possess+ a k+dom & giv+ laws to 8 subjects & comm&+ ob$i5ce4 ,al?\gh 8 k+dom 0 !n small1 l a little leav51 yet x _h ! p[] to leav5 ! :ole lump4 ,! /one :i* 0 cut out ( ! m\nta9 )\t h&s w become a great m\nta9 & fill ! :ole e>?4 ,e knee mu/ f9ally b[ to 8 scept] & e tongue confess t he is ,"l to ! glory ( ,god ! ,fa!r4 ,f ?is concise view ( ! subject we conclude t ! k+dom ( ,god1 or ,*ri/'s k+dom1 is 9 a special mann] ! gospel disp5sation :i* 0 n completely e/abli%$ until aft] ! resurrection ( our ,"l4 ,,ii4 ,! next po9t ( inquiry is its nature4 ,jesus answ]$1 ,my k+dom is n ( ?is _w4 ,by ?is we und]/& ! ,m$iator's k+dom1 n be+ ( ?is _w1 supposes t its nature1 its laws1 & its gov]nm5t are all di/9ct f ! nature1 laws1 & gov]nm5ts ( ?is _w4 ,t ! ,m$iator's k+dom is n ( ?is _w1 b spiritual1 heav5ly1 & div9e1 w fully appe>1 x is appreh5d$1 f ! foll[+ reasons4 #a/4 ,f ! "* ( ! ,k+4 ,he 0 n born l ! k+s ( ! e>?4 ,he 0 ! ,son ( ! liv+ ,god & ,heir ( all ?+s4 ,he 0 conceiv$ by ! p[] ( ! ,holy ,gho/ & born ( a virg94 ,8 bir? 0 n celebrat$ ) ! e>?ly pomp ( pr9ces1 b by a few humble %eph]ds & a *oir ( angels4 ,8 palace 0 a /able & 8 cradle a mang]4 ,:5 a *ild he 0 n amus$ ) toys1 b 0 ab\t 8 ,fa!r's bus9ess4 ,:5 he 0 d$icat$ to 8 m9i/ry1 x 0 n by ! appo9tm5t ( k+s1 or ! consecration ( bi%ops1 b by ! baptism ( 8 humble =]unn]1 & ! desc5t ( ! ,holy ,gho/ 9 a bodily %ape l a dove1 & a voice f ! excell5t glory1 say+1 ,?is is my belov$ ,son1 9 :om ,i am well pleas$4 ,8 companions 7 ! despis$ fi%]m5 ( ,galilee & ! angels ( heav54 ,he 0 a man ( sorr[ & acqua9t$ ) grief2 yet he 0 ! et]nal ,son ( ! et]nal ,fa!r4 ,nature own$ 8 voice & devils trembl$ at 8 p[]2 b he 0 despis$ & reject$ ( m54 ,:5 he f$ ! hungry multitude1 !y 7 gratifi$ ) ! loaves & fi%es & s\ght to make him a k+2 b he dep>t$ out ( ! place2 = 8 k+dom 0 n ( ?is _w4 ,:5 ,satan1 ! god ( ?is _w1 (f]$ him all ! k+doms ( ?is _w & ! glory ( !m if he w\ld only fall d[n & wor%ip him1 he rebuk$ him ) holy contempt & said1 ,get !e h5ce1 ,satan2 = 8 k+dom 0 n ( ?is _w4 ,! ,m$iator did n int]m$dle ) ! affairs ( ! gov]nm5ts ( ?is _w2 = 8 k+dom 0 n ( ?is _w4 ,:5 he 0 solicit$ to comm& a bro!r to divide 8 e>?ly sub/ance1 in/ead ( comply+ ) ! reque/ he only gave a po9t$ admonition & said1 ,man1 :o made me a judge1 or a divid]1 ov] y8 ,:5 8 enemies endeavor$ to cat* him 9 8 words by extort+ f him some?+ unfavorable to ! laws ( ,caes>1 ,jesus answ]$ !m & said1 ,r5d] to ,caes> ! ?+s :i* are ,caes>'s1 & to ,god ! ?+s :i* are ,god's4 ,:5 !y dem&$ ( him tribute1 & t unju/ly1 accord+ to _! own laws1 he paid x )\t a murmur1 to set an example ( peace & quietness = 8 disciples4 ,9 all ?+s he avoid$ int]f]+ or m$dl+ ) ! gov]nm5ts ( ?is _w4 #b;dly4 ,f ! repres5tations ( ! ,bible1 ,! k+dom ( ,god is righte\sness1 peace1 & joy 9 ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,! ,m$iator's k+dom is f\nd$ 9 "r4 ,8 scept] is a "r scept]4 ,he rules 9 righte\sness4 ,! unrighte\s %all n inh]it ! k+dom ( ,god4 ,righte\sness is oppos$ to all inju/ice1 oppression1 & cruelty2 x reg>ds ! rights ( ,god & man2 x requires love to ! ,"l our ,god ) all our he>t1 ) all our m9d1 & ) all our /r5g?1 & to our neighbors z ourselves4 ,8 k+dom is a k+dom ( peace2 he is ! ,pr9ce ( ,peace4 ,at 8 bir? ! angels sang1 ,peace on e>?1 & good w to m54 ,peace is oppos$ directly to all cont5tion1 w>1 & tumult1 :e!r x reg>ds individuals1 societies1 or nations4 ,x =bids all wra?1 clamor1 & evil speak+4 ,x =bids ! resi/ance ( evil or retaliation1 & requires good = evil1 bless+ = curs+1 & pray] = p]secution4 ,our glori\s ,m$iator n only exhibit$ a patt]n ( peace 9 8 life b prea*$ peace 9 ! great congregation4 ,8 la/ & ri*e/ legacy to 8 disciples 0 ! gift ( peace3 ,my peace ,i leave ) y1 my peace ,i give unto y3 n z ! _w give?1 give ,i unto y4 ,*ri/ came 9 ! p[] ( ! ,_s1 & 0 full ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,x is ! communion ( ! ,holy ,gho/ :i* fills ! k+dom ( heav5 ) t joy :i* is unspeakable & full ( glory4 ,except a man be born ( ! ,_s1 he _c ent] into ! k+dom ( heav54 ,f9ally1 we h 8 own express decl>ation1 ,my k+dom is n ( ?is _w4 ,f :at has be5 said x may be conclud$ t ! ,m$iator's k+dom is1 9 a special s5se1 ! gospel disp5sation1 or ! k+dom ( heav51 & t x is n ( ?is _w1 b spiritual1 heav5ly1 & div9e4 ,& ?is br+s u to notice1 ,,iii4 ,! laws by :i* x is gov]n$4 ,x is gov]n$ by ! same laws :i* regulate ! heav5ly ho/s4 ,be ye !re=e p]fect1 ev5 z y\r ,fa!r 9 heav5 is p]fect1 is ! comm& ( our ,div9e ,ma/]4 ,x is ! k+dom ( heav54 ,jesus said1 ,my k+dom is n ( ?is _w3 if my k+dom 7 ( ?is _w1 !n w\ld my s]vants fight1 t ,i %\ld n be deliv]$ to ! ,jews4 ,! laws ( ! ,m$iator's k+dom require supreme love to ,god4 ,jesus said1 ,?\ %alt love ! ,"l ?y ,god ) all ?y he>t1 & ) all ?y s\l1 & ) all ?y m9d2 ?is is ! fir/ & great comm&m5t4 ,?is implies "r appreh5sion ( 8 be+ & p]fections1 & supreme love to 8 ^w & delight 9 8 law1 su* z ! sweet s+] ( ,israel express$3 ,o h[ ,i love ?y law6 x is my m$itation day & night4 ,x implies unlimit$ confid5ce 9 ,god & un%ak5 belief 9 ! te/imony he has giv5 ( 8 ,son & a _s ( filial ob$i5ce to all 8 precepts4 ,! laws ( ! ,m$iator's k+dom require love to man3 ,?\ %all love ?y neighb\r z ?yself4 ,?is prohibits r5d]+ to any man evil = evil2 b1 contr>iwise1 x dem&s bless+4 ,x utt]ly =bids wra?1 hatr$1 malice1 envy1 pride1 rev5ge1 & fight+2 b requires1 on ! contr>y1 meekness1 =giv5ess1 long-suff]+1 t5d]ness1 compassion1 & m]cy4 ,! subjects ( ! ,m$iator's k+dom are comm&$ to d good to all z !y h opportunity2 b especially to ^? ( ! h\sehold ( fai?4 ,?is comm& ext5ds n only to ! g5tle & k9d b to ! disob$i5t & fr[>d2 to fri5ds & to enemies4 ,if ?9e enemy hung]1 fe$ him2 if he ?ir/1 give him dr9k1 is ! comm& ( our ,"l4 ,?is injunction1 x is appreh5d$1 is directly oppos$ to resi/+ ! oppression ( enemies by =ce4 ,jesus said1 ,if my k+dom 7 ( ?is _w1 !n w\ld my s]vants fight2 b1 in/ead ( av5g+ wrongs1 ! explicit direction is to ov]come evil ) good4 ,! ,m$iator is ! only av5g] ( ! wrongs done to 8 subjects3 ,= x is writt51 ,v5geance is m9e1 & ,i w repay1 sai? ! ,"l4 ,9 a special mann] ! subjects ( ! ,m$iator mu/ love ! bre?r54 ,!y mu/ visit ! wid[1 ! fa!rless1 & ! afflict$1 & live unspott$ f ! _w4 ,! ,"l accepts e act ( k9dness done to ! bre?r5 z done to himself1 & reg>ds e act ( inju/ice1 cruelty1 & rev5ge t[>ds !m z express$ t[>ds himself4 ,he consid]s !m 8 own prop]ty1 ! pur*ase ( 8 blood4 ,he w1 !re=e1 n only be _! portion b _! def5se2 a wall ( fire r\nd ab\t !m & a glory 9 ! mid/4 ,! ,m$iator sits z ,k+ ^u 8 holy hill ( ,zion1 & is sway+ 8 scept] 9 righte\sness ?r\gh\t 8 va/ dom9ions4 99 99 99 99 99 ,hav+ v briefly consid]$ :at ! ,m$iator's k+dom 9 a special mann] is1 its nature & its laws1 we n[ pass1 z 0 propos$1 to make sev]al inf]5ces & illu/rations4 #a/4 ,if ! ,m$iator's k+dom is 9 a special mann] ! gospel disp5sation1 & its nature & laws are n ( ?is _w1 b spiritual1 heav5ly1 & div9e1 !n we may inf] t ! k+doms ( ?is _w are n unit$ to ! k+dom ( our ,"l1 b are oppos$ to x4 ,if !y are n = him1 !y are aga9/ him2 & if !y ga!r n ) him1 !y scatt] abroad4 ,!y mu/1 !re=e1 be at w> ) ! ,lamb2 b ! ,lamb %all ov]come !m1 = he ha? on 8 ve/ure & on 8 ?igh a "n writt51 ,k+ ( k+s & ,"l ( lords4 ,! great conflict 9 our _w is betwe5 ! k+dom ( ! ,m$iator & ! k+dom ( ,satan2 b ! victory is n unc]ta94 ,al?\gh ! hea!n rage1 & ! p imag9e a va9 ?+1 ! k+s ( ! e>? set !mselves1 & ! rul]s take c\nsel toge!r1 aga9/ ! ,"l1 & aga9/ 8 ,ano9t$1 say+1 ,let u break _! b&s asund]1 & ca/ away _! cords f u4 ,he t sitte? 9 ! heav5s %all laugh3 ! ,"l %all h !m 9 d]ision4 ,!n %all he speak to !m 9 8 wra?1 & vex !m 9 8 sore displeasure4 ,out ( 8 m\? goe? a %>p sword1 t ) x he %\ld smite ! nations2 & he %all rule !m ) a rod ( iron3 & he treade? ! w9epress ( ! fi]c5ess & wra? ( ,almighty ,god4 ,! ,psalmi/1 by ! ,holy ,gho/1 says ( ,*ri/1 ,?\ %alt break !m ) a rod ( iron2 ?\ %alt da% !m to pieces l a pott]'s vessel4 ,aga91 ,he %all cut (f ! _s ( pr9ces2 he is t]rible to ! k+s ( ! e>?4 ,isaiah1 by ! reveal+ _s1 _h ! sc5es ( futurity op5$ to 8 view4 ,he saw ! glori\s ,r$eem] m>*+ ?r\gh ! e>? 9 ! greatness ( 8 p[]2 = he saw1 by prophetic vision1 ! great day ( 8 wra? appe>1 & none b 8 r$eem$ 7 able to /&4 ,9 view ( ! dreadful sc5e 8 s\l 0 fill$ ) a/oni%m5t1 & he exclaims3 ,:o is ?is t come? f ,edom1 ) dy$ g>m5ts f ,bozrah8 ?is t is glori\s 9 8 app>el1 travell+ 9 ! greatness ( 8 /r5g?8 ,i t speak 9 righte\sness1 mighty to save4 ,:]e=e art ?\ r$ 9 ?9e app>el1 & ?y g>m5ts l him t treade? 9 ! w9efat8 ,i h trodd5 ! w9epress alone2 & ( ! p !re 0 none ) me3 = ,i w tread !m 9 my ang]1 & trample !m 9 my fury2 & _! blood %all be spr9kl$ ^u my g>m5ts4 ,= ! day ( v5geance is 9 my he>t1 & ! ye> ( my r$eem$ is come4 ,i look$1 & !re 0 none to help2 & ,i wond]$ !re 0 none to uphold3 !re=e m9e arm br\ght salvation unto me2 & my fury1 x upheld me4 ,& ,i w tread d[n ! p 9 my ang]1 & make !m drunk 9 my fury1 & ,i w br+ d[n _! /r5g? to ! e>?4 ,f ?is x appe>s t ! nations ( ! e>? w be ga!r$ l ! grapes ( a v9ey>d1 & ca/ into ! great w9e press ( ! wra? ( ,god ,almighty2 & ! great ,r$eem] w ?re% !m 9 8 ang] & trample !m 9 8 fury4 ,_! de/ruction mu/ be inevitable if _! laws & gov]nm5ts are directly oppos$ to ! ,m$iator's k+dom4 ,:5 he %all come out ( 8 place to %ake t]ribly ! nations ( ! e>?1 !n ! e>?#d w no long] cov] ! blood ( ! sla92 = he w make inquisition = blood1 & write up ! nations4 ,!n he w /a9 ! pride ( all glory & br+ into contempt all ! honorable ( ! e>?4 ,! nations w be l /ubble be=e ! dev\r+ fire1 & w be *as$ away l *aff be=e ! :irlw9d1 & no place w be f\nd = !m4 ,! int]pretation ( ! symbols ( ! f\r great empires by ! prophet ,daniel fully confirms ?is idea4 ,9 fir/ describ+ ! vision to ,nebu*adnezz> he says3 ,?\ sawe/ till t a /one 0 cut out )\t h&s1 :i* smote ! image ^u 8 feet t 7 ( iron & clay1 & brake !m to pieces4 ,!n 0 ! iron1 ! clay1 ! brass1 ! silv]1 & ! gold1 brok5 to pieces toge!r1 & became l ! *aff ( ! summ] ?re%+floors2 & ! w9d c>ri$ !m away1 t no place 0 f\nd = !m3 & ! /one t smote ! image became a great m\nta91 & fill$ ! :ole e>?4 ,! prophet ?us int]prets ! vision3 ,& 9 ! days ( ^! k+s %all ! ,god ( heav5 set up a k+dom1 :i* %all nev] be de/roy$3 & ! k+dom %all n be left to o!r p1 b x %all break 9 pieces & consume all ^! k+doms1 & x %all /& = ev]4 ,=asmu* z ?\ sawe/ t ! /one 0 cut out ( ! m\nta9 )\t h&s1 & t x brake 9 pieces ! iron1 ! brass1 ! clay1 ! silv]1 & ! gold2 ! great ,god ha? made kn[n to ! k+ :at %all come to pass h]eaft]4 ,?us we see t ! k+doms ( ! _w by n submitt+ to ! k+dom ( our ,"l1 b by mak+ w> ) ! ,lamb1 are devot$ to awful de/ruction1 = ! ,lamb w ov]come !m4 ,8 k+dom w /&1 = x is an ev]la/+ k+dom2 & ( 8 dom9ion !re %all be no end4 ,! gospel disp5sation 7or ! k+dom ( heav57 mu/ rema9 =ev]1 z x is gov]n$ by ! same _s :i* prevails 9 ! et]nal f\nta9 ( bless$ness himself4 ,x is !re=e emphatically call$ ! k+dom ( ,god n only 9 di/9ction f ! k+doms ( ?is _w b 9 di/9ction f all ! o!r disp5sations ( ! *ur*4 ,x is n ( ?is _w2 x is ! k+dom ( heav51--! reign ( righte\sness1 peace1 & joy 9 ! ,holy ,gho/4 #b4 ,if ! ,m$iator's k+dom is n ( ?is _w1 b spiritual1 heav5ly1 & div9e1 & ! k+doms ( ?is _w are oppos$ to x1 !n we may inf] t ! k+doms ( ?is _w mu/ belong to ! k+dom ( ,satan4 ,!re are b two k+doms 9 our _w4 ,at ! head ( "o is ! ,m$iator1 & at ! head ( ! o!r is ,satan4 ,satan is ! god ( ?is _w & reigns )\t a rival 9 ! he>ts ( ! *ildr5 ( disob$i5ce4 ,he is ! pr9ce ( ! p[] ( ! air4 ,all ! k+doms ( ?is _w & ! glory ( !m are giv5 to him#e until ! "t t ,god %all write up ! nations & make inquisition = blood4 ,!n ! great battle ( ,god ,almighty w be f\ght1 & ! bea/ & ! false prophet w be ca/ into a lake ( fire2 & ,satan w be b\nd a ?\s& ye>s2 & ! sa9ts w take ! k+dom & possess x2 & w>s %all cease f "u heav54 ,aft] ! ?\s& ye>s ,satan w aga9 be let loose1 & %all g out to deceive ! nations :i* are 9 ! f\r qu>t]s ( ! e>?1 ,gog & ,magog1 to ga!r !m toge!r to battle3 ! numb] ( :om is z ! s& ( ! sea4 ,& ! devil :o deceiv$ !m 0 ca/ into ! lake ( fire & brim/one1 :]e ! bea/ & ! false prophet are1 & %all be torm5t$ day & night = ev] & ev]4 ,?us x appe>s t ,satan is ! ma9spr+ ( all w>like p[]s1 & :5 he is b\nd w>s w cease2 b z soon z he is aga9 let loose !y w rage4 ,! writ] is s5sible t ?is w be a v unpopul> doctr9e ) ! m5 ( ?is _w1 & ) ^? worldly ,*ri/ians :o are /ruggl+ & teas+ & pant+ = ! pr(its & ! honors ( ?is _w4 ,if x is a fact t ! nature & laws ( ! ,m$iator's k+dom are diametrically opposite to ! k+doms ( ?is _w1 !n ! inf]5ce is irresi/ible t ! k+doms ( ?is _w belong n to ! k+dom ( our ,"l b to ! k+dom ( ,satan2 & h[ev] unsavory ! tru? may be1 x ought n to be disguis$4 ,satan is ! /rong man1 b ! ,m$iator is ! /rong]1 & he w b9d him & spoil 8 goods4 ,! ,son ( ,god 0 manife/$ t he might de/roy ! works ( ! devil4 ,:5 he %all de/roy ! rage ( ! nations & ! tumult ( ! p1 !n ,satan's goods w be spoil$4 ,:5 ,satan is ca/ into ! bottomless pit1 tumult & w> w retire ) him back to hell2 & in/ead ( ! bla/ ( ! trumpet & ! groans ( ! dy+ w be he>d ! %\ts ( ! sa9ts & ! songs ( ! r$eem$4 ,!n w be he>d z x 7 ! voice ( a great multitude1 & z ! voice ( _m wat]s1 & z ! voice ( mighty ?und]+s1 say+1 ,alleluia1 = ! ,"l ,god ,omnipot5t reigne?4 #c4 ,if ! ,m$iator's k+dom is n ( ?is _w1 & ! k+doms ( ?is _w are "u ,satan's dom9ion1 !n we may inf] ! great impropriety ( ! subjects ( ! ,m$iator's k+dom us+ ! weapons ( ?is _w & engag+ 9 tumults1 w>s1 & fight+s4 ,jesus answ]$1 ,my k+dom is n ( ?is _w3 if my k+dom 7 ( ?is _w1 !n w\ld my s]vants fight1 t ,i %\ld n be deliv]$ to ! ,jews4 ,! ,jews expect$ 9 _! ,messiah a temporal pr9ce2 b because 8 k+dom 0 n ( ?is _w !y crucifi$ ! ,"l ( life & glory4 ,_h he only appe>$ 9 ! pomp ( ?is _w & 9 ! spl5dor ( a temporal conqu]or to vanqui% ! ,romans :o 7 9 possession ( _! e>?ly ,canaan & oppress+ _! nation1 !y w\ld imm$iately h ralli$ r\nd 8 /&>d & foll[$ him to e>?ly conque/ & glory4 ,he 0 app>5tly too inatt5tive to _! rights & lib]ties 7:i* ! patriots ( ?is _w n[ emphatically call _! de>e/ int]e/s74 ,!y said1 ,if we let him alone1 all m5 w believe on him2 & ! ,romans %all take away bo? our place & our nation4 ,x may be ask$1 ,:y 7 ! ,jews appreh5sive1 if all m5 %\ld believe on him1 ! ,romans w\ld take away bo? _! place & _! nation8 ,! answ] does n appe> difficult4 ,!y d\btless p]ceiv$ t bo? 8 life & precepts directly oppos$ r5d]+ v5geance to _! enemies2 &1 on ! contr>y1 dem&$ no?+ less ?an love to _! enemies1 good = evil1 & bless+ = curs+4 ,?is !y c\ld n endure1 z x directly oppos$ _! c>nal desires & fill$ !m ) malice aga9/ ! ,pr9ce ( ,peace4 ,!y might1 ) mu* great] propriety ?an any nation "u ! gospel light1 h said1 ,%all we imbibe ?is pusillanim\s _s ( do+ good to ^? :o oppress u & tamely b5d our necks to ! yoke ( tyranny & suff] our de>e/ int]e/s to be wre/$ f u )\t once mak+ a /ruggle to def5d !m8 ,r1 let u arise & fight manfully1 & def5d our lib]ties or die glori\sly 9 _! v9dication4 ,we say !y might1 ) mu* great] propriety1 h made ^! decl>ations ?an any "u ! light ( ! gospel1 because !y consid]$ !mselves "u ! ,mosaic disp5sation :i* _h fully tol]at$ !m n only 9 def5sive b (f5sive w>4 ,b :5 !y p]ceiv$ t ! doctr9es ( ! ,m$iator 7 calculat$ to disannul _! disp5sation & ext+ui% _! c>nal hopes 7not)/&+ 8 cr$5tials 7 div9e71 _! malice 0 k9dl$ aga9/ him1 & _! v5geance 0 n satiat$ until !y wreak$ _! h&s 9 ! blood ( ! ,son ( ,god4 ,& we may confid5tly expect t :]ev] ! same ,_s ( ,*ri/ lifts up a /&>d aga9/ ! same c>nal policy & temporal int]e/ !re w foll[ ! same _s ( envy1 p]secution1 & rev5ge :i* 0 manife/$ aga9/ ! ,"l ( life & glory4 ,if any man 7no matt] :o7 w live godly 9 ,*ri/ ,jesus1 he %all suff] p]secution4 ,! ,_s ( ,*ri/ is ! same n[ t x 0 !n1 & ! _w is ! same1 ! c>nal he>t is ! same1 & ! great adv]s>y ( s\ls is ! same4 ,only let x be /yl$ patriotic to p]secute ! foll[]s ( ! ,lamb ( ,god1 & we %\ld soon see ! h]oes ( ?is _w drunk ) ! blood ( ! m>tyrs ( ,jesus2 & probably _m w\ld be z consci5ti\s z ,paul 0 :ile brea?+ out ?reat5+s & slaught] aga9/ ! disciples ( ! meek & l[ly ,jesus4 ,x is n impossible t :5 ! witnesses#f are sla91 _! crime may be a refusal to use c>nal weapons 9 def5se ( _! c\ntry4 ,z x is a matt] ( great practical consequ5ce to "k :e!r ! subjects ( ! ,pr9ce ( ,peace are au?oriz$ 9 any case "u ! gospel disp5sation to use c>nal weapons or n1 we propose 9 ?is inf]5ce to be a little m p>ticul>4 ,al?\gh x is suppos$ t ! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/ act$ 9 a ?reefold capacity1--z ,god1 ,man1 & ,m$iator1--yet we h nev] he>d x que/ion$ by ,*ri/ians t all 8 conduct z man 0 to rema9 a p]fect example = 8 bre?r51 & all 8 precepts a p]fect rule = _! duty4 ,z 8 k+dom 0 n ( ?is _w1 he did n int]m$dle ) ! gov]nm5ts ( ?is _w2 he only submitt$ to all _! laws :i* 7 n contr>y to ! laws ( 8 heav5ly ,fa!r4 ,he 0 meek & l[ly2 s little did he possess ( ?is _w t he _h n :]e to lay 8 head4 ,he w5t ab\t cont9ually do+ good4 ,he 0 full ( compassion ev5 to 8 enemies4 ,he wept ov] ,j]usalem4 ,he 0 f9ally br\ght z a lamb to ! slaught]1 & z %eep be=e _! %e>]s are dumb1 s he op5$ n 8 m\?4 ,:5 he 0 revil$ he revil$ n aga91 b committ$ himself to him :o judges righte\sly4 ,he pray$ = 8 murd]]s & apologiz$ = 8 p]secutors1 say+1 ,fa!r1 =give !m1 = !y "k n :at !y d4 ,z ! *ur* "u a =m] disp5sation _h div9e au?ority = engag+ 9 w>1 x is important to asc]ta9 :e!r ?is au?ority 0 abrogat$ "u ! gospel disp5sation or n4#g ,t _m ?+s h be5 tol]at$ "u "o disp5sation ( ! *ur* & prohibit$ "u ano!r1 mo/ ,*ri/ians all[4 ,t ! preceptive w ( ,god is to be our only rule ( duty1 few ,*ri/ians d5y4 ,! k communicat$ to u ( ! preceptive w ( ,god to 8 *ur*1 "u ! fir/ disp5sation1 is v limit$4 ,we f9d1 h[ev]1 no au?ority = tak+ ! life ( man 9 any case1 n ev5 = murd]2 b1 on ! contr>y1 a sev5fold v5geance 0 pron\nc$ ^u him :o %\ld slay ! murd]]4 ,"u ! patri>*al disp5sation he t %$ man's blood by man 0 8 blood to be %$4 ,9 ?is1 def5sive w> 0 tol]at$4 ,"u ! ,mosaic disp5sation1 n only def5sive b (f5sive w> 0 tol]at$1 & n only w> 0 p]mitt$1 b retaliation1 z1 an eye = an eye2 a too? = a too?2 life = life1 etc4 ,! "q to be decid$ is :e!r ^! regulations are /ill 9 =ce1 or :e!r !y 7 disannull$ by ! gospel disp5sation4 ,! life & precepts ( our ,"l & 8 disciples :ile "u ! un]r+ guidance ( 8 _s mu/ be our only au?ority 9 ?is inquiry4 ,t _m ?+s 7 done away by ! gospel disp5sation1 none w d5y :o believe ! gospel4 ,! c]emonial "p1 :i* 0 only a %ad[ ( good ?+s to come1 vani%$ away :5 ! sub/ance appe>$2 & n only ! c]emonial "p 0 aboli%$1 b _m o!r practices4 ,polygamy 0 p]mitt$ "u ! law1 b =bidd5 "u ! gospel4 ,divorce 0 all[$ "u ! ,mosaic b prohibit$ "u ! gospel disp5sation1 except 9 ! case ( adult]y4 ,"u ! ,mosaic disp5sation ! p5alty = :or$om 0 /on+ to dea?4 ,?is p5alty 0 n en=c$ "u ! gospel disp5sation1 z may be se5 9 ,john viii4 #aa4 ,t all k9ds ( w>1 rev5ge1 & fight+ 7 utt]ly prohibit$ "u ! gospel disp5sation we ?9k appe>s evid5t n only f ! life ( our glori\s ,m$iator b f 8 express precepts4 ,jesus answ]$1 ,my k+dom is n ( ?is _w3 if my k+dom 7 ( ?is _w1 !n w\ld my s]vants fight1 t ,i %\ld n be deliv]$ to ! ,jews4 ,no comm5t c add =ce to ?is passage1 = x is appreh5d$ t no language c be m explicit aga9/ def5sive w>4 ,9 ,*ri/'s ,s]mon on ! ,m\nt he quot$ a passage f ,exodus1 ,ye h he>d t x ha? be5 said1 ,an eye = an eye1 & a too? = a too?3 b ,i say unto y1 ,t ye resi/ n evil3 b :atsoev] %all smite !e on ?y "r *eek1 turn to him ! o!r also4 ,! =ce ( ?is passage has g5]ally be5 obviat$ by say+ t we are n to take all ! words ( our ,"l lit]ally4 ,al?\gh ?is is admitt$1 yet we are absolutely b\nd to take ! _s ( e ^w1 if we c und]/& !m1 by comp>+ ! ,scriptures ) ! ,scriptures4 ,t ! _s ( ?is passage is directly oppos$ to ! "o our ,"l quot$ f ,exodus1 we ?9k _c fairly be d5i$2 &1 ( c\rse1 x disannull$ x1 = he :o _h p[] to make laws "u "o disp5sation _h p[] to abrogate !m "u ano!r4 ,! bless$ ,m$iator did1 9 ! mo/ explicit mann]1 comm& 8 subjects to love _! enemies & r5d] good = evil4 ,?is comm& we are ( op9ion is totally incompatible ) resi/+ !m ) c>nal weapons4 ,he says1 ,b ,i say unto y :i* he>1 ,love y\r enemies1 d good to !m :i* hate y1 & pray = !m :i* despitefully use y4 ,let u = "o mom5t comp>e ?is precept ) def5sive w> & see if x c consi/5tly be put into practice4 ,suppose our c\ntry is invad$ & a pr(ess$ disciple ( ! ,pr9ce ( ,peace buckles on ! h>ness & takes ! field to repel by ! po9t ( ! sword 8 enemy4 ,he advances amid/ ! lam5tations ( ! w\nd$ & ! %rieks ( ! dy+ to meet 8 foe 9 arms4 ,he sees 8 wra? k9dl$ & 8 spe> uplift$1 & 9 ?is try+ mom5t he he>s 8 ,"l say1 ,love y\r enemy & r5d] to him good = evil2 & 8 k9dness to him is l ,joab's to ,amasa2 he ?ru/s him ?r\gh ! he>t & hurries him to ! awful tribunal ( 8 ,judge1 probably unprep>$4 ,de> bre?r51 be n deceiv$2 = ,god is n mock$4 ,:o among/ our fell[-m5 w\ld receive ! ?ru/ ( a sword z an act ( k9dness8 ,only let consci5ce d its (fice1 & !re w be no difficulty 9 decid+ :e!r def5sive w> is inconsi/5t ) ! gospel disp5sation or n4 ,c>nal & spiritual weapons w no m unite "u ! gospel disp5sation ?an iron & miry clay4 ,our v salvation dep5ds on be+ possess$ ( a _s ( =giv5ess to enemies4 ,if ye =give n m5 _! trespasses1 nei!r w y\r ,fa!r =give y\r trespasses4 ,if m5 invade our rights & trespass ^u our privileges1 is x =giv5ess to repel !m at ! po9t ( ! bayonet8 ,! hone/ ,*ri/ian w f9d no difficulty 9 consci5ti\sly decid+ ?is "q1 not)/&+ he may be sl[ ( he>t 9 believ+ all t is writt54 ,all ! conduct ( our ,"l _h mean+ to x1 & mu* ( x 0 ) an express view to tea* 8 disciples by way ( example4 ,a little be=e he 0 betray$1 he ord]$ 8 disciples to take swords4 ,! object ( ?is mu/ h be5 ei!r to use !m = def5se1 or = "s o!r purpose4 ,! ev5t proves t !y 7 n tak5 = self-def5se4 ,! "q !n is1 ,= :at 7 !y tak58 ,! ev5t appe>s fully to answ] ! "q1 viz43 ,to prohibit1 by way ( example1 ! use ( !m = self-def5se 9 ! mo/ try+ situation possible4 ,if any situation w\ld ju/ify self-def5se ) c>nal weapons1 x mu/ h be5 ! situation 9 :i* our ,"l & 8 disciples 7 plac$ at ! "t he 0 betray$4 ,!y 7 9 a public g>d51 & !y 7 assault$ by a mob1 contr>y to ! /atutes ( ! ,romans & ! laws ( ! ,jews2 & ! object 0 to take 8 life4 ,?is ! disciples knew1 & ,pet] judg$ x a prop] "t = def5se1 & drew 8 sword & smote a s]vant ( ! ,high ,prie/ & cut (f 8 e>4 ,z our ,"l's k+dom 0 n ( ?is _w1 he w\ld n suff] 8 subjects to use ! weapons ( ?is _w 9 any situation4 ,he !re=e heal$ ! w\nd !y made & rebuk$ ,pet] = 8 mi/ak5 zeal4 ,!n said ,jesus unto him1 ,put up aga9 ?y sword into 8 place3 = all !y t take ! sword %all p]i% ) ! sword4 ,?9ke/ ?\ t ,i _c pray to my ,fa!r1 & he w\ld pres5tly s5d me m ?an twelve legions ( angels8 ,"h we see t our ,"l n only =bade 8 disciples to use ! sword 9 self-def5se1 b add$ a dreadful p5alty to transgressors1--all !y t take ! sword %all p]i% ) ! sword4 ,! disciples did n !n fully und]/& t 8 k+dom 0 n ( ?is _w4 ,z soon z !y 7 prohibit$ us+ ! weapons ( ?is _w !y all =sook him & fl$4#h ,! apo/le ,james1 9 8 epi/le to ! twelve tribes ( ,israel :i* 7 scatt]$ abroad1 asks !m ?is "q3 ,f :5ce come w>s & fight+ among y8 come !y n ev5 ( y\r lu/s t w> 9 y\r memb]s8 ,ye lu/1 & h n3 ye kill1 & desire to h1 & _c obta93 ye fight & w>1 & yet ye h n4 ,ye adult]]s & adult]esses1 "k ye n t ! fri5d%ip ( ! _w is enmity ) ,god8 :osoev] !re=e w be a fri5d to ! _w is an enemy ( ,god4 ,f ?is we ?9k x evid5tly appe>s t ! w>like _s ( ! _w is directly oppos$ to ,god4 ,! ,god ( ?is _w works effectually 9 ! he>ts ( ! *ildr5 ( disob$i5ce & /irs up _! lu/s :i* w> 9 _! memb]s & hurries !m on to acts ( cruelty1 rev5ge1 & fight+4 ,?is subject is ( s mu* practical consequ5ce t x requires a few obs]vations 9 reply to "s ( ! argum5ts ( worldly & un5light5$ ,*ri/ians 9 favor ( us+ c>nal weapons4 ,x is said t gov]nm5t is an ord9ance ( ,god :i* exi/s ?r\gh\t 8 va/ dom9ion4 ,9 heav5 above !re are angels & ar*angels2 & ^u e>? !re are magi/rates & p[]s2 & 9 hell !re is ! pr9ce ( devils4 ,t ,god 9 8 holy provid5ce has s dispos$ ( ev5ts t gov]nm5ts ( "s k9d or o!r d exi/ 9 all p>ts ( 8 dom9ion1 none b skeptics w d5y4 ,b :o w\ld pret5d t ! gov]nm5ts 9 heav5 & hell are n diametrically opposite8 ,"o is ! _s ( peace & love1 & ! o!r1 rebellion & w>4 ,p]haps ! manife/ation ( ^! diff]5t spirits "h on e>? may fairly be ! divid+ l9e among/ its inhabitants1 & %[ to :i* k+dom !y belong4 ,!y say all p[]s are orda9$ ( ,god4 ,?us f> !y are correct1 b x is appreh5d$ t !y d n make a prop] di/9ction betwe5 ! ord9ation ( ,god & 8 preceptive w = man4 ,s f> z ! =m] agrees ) ! latt]1 x is a rule ( duty & _c be any fur!r4 ,"o is ! rule ( ,god's own proc$ure 7if ! expression is prop]71 & ! o!r ! rule ( action = 8 creatures2 b ! c\nsel ( ,god & 8 laws = man are (t5 diametrically opposite4 ,x is n improbable t ?is is "p ( ! my/]y ( ,god :i* w1 by & by1 be f9i%$4 ,! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 deliv]$ by ! det]m9ate c\nsel & =ekn[l$ge ( ,god2 & yet1 by wick$ h&s1 he 0 crucifi$ & sla94 ,"h1 z 9 ! case ( ,ph>aoh1 & _m o!r in/ances record$1 ! div9e c\nsel & ! duty ( man 7 directly opposite4 ,to asc]ta9 our duty we mu/ look at ! preceptive w ( ,god & n to 8 et]nal c\nsel4 ,al?\gh all p[]s are orda9$ ( ,god1 yet x mu/ n be inf]r$ t all ! laws ( ! hea!n or civiliz$ _w are to be a rule ( duty = ! ,m$iator's subjects1 or t _! _s is agreeable to ! _s ( ! gospel disp5sation4 ,x is said1 ,we are comm&$ to obey magi/rates & e ord9ance ( man = ! ,"l's sake4 ,all ?is is admitt$4 ,b ^! injunctions are ei!r limit$ by o!r precepts or !y are unlimit$4 ,if !y are unlimit$1 !n all :o h di$ m>tyrs fell a sacrifice to sup]/ition in/ead ( duty4 ,not)/&+ ^! directions 7 int5d$ z a rule = ,*ri/ians 9 all ages1 yet !y 7 promulgat$ :ile ! disciples 7 "u idolatr\s gov]nm5ts1 & 7 nev] int5d$ to enc\rage !m to wor%ip idols4 ,^! comm&s mu/1 !re=e1 be limit$4 ,! "q is1 ,h[ are !y limit$8 ,we appreh5d1 by ! _s & o!r precepts ( ! gospel4 ,we h already %[n1 we tru/1 t ^! absolutely prohibit w> 9 e =m4 ,if s1 !n none ( ^! injunctions c c\nt]act ! position we are exam9+4 ,!y only enjo9 /rict ob$i5ce to all human laws "u :i* we live t d n contradict ! _s or precepts ( ! gospel2 :5 !y d1 !y are n b9d+ & mu/ be resi/$2 n1 h[ev]1 ) c>nal b spiritual weapons2 we mu/ take joyfully ! spoil+ ( our goods & c\nt n our lives de> unto ourselves4 ,x has be5 (t5 said t he :o refuses to comply ) ! comm&s ( ! magi/rate resi/s ! p[]s t be1 &1 accord+ to ! apo/le's reason+1 resi/s ! ord9ance ( ,god & w receive to himself damnation4 ,&1 fur!r1 z all p[]s are ! ord9ance ( ,god !y ought to be support$1 & if !y _c )\t1 !y mu/ be ev5 at ! po9t (1 ! sword4 ,"h ! subject ( ! ,m$iator mu/ make a di/9ction betwe5 resi/+ ! p[]s t be by =ce ( arms & refus+ to obey _! unlawful comm&s4 ,x is n suppos$ t 9 "o case he w\ld obey & t 9 ! o!r he w\ld disobey ! comm&s ( 8 ,ma/]4 ,no m>tyr ev] consid]$ himself z violat+ ?is precept 9 refus+ to sacrifice to an idol at ! comm& ( an e>?ly p[]2 nei!r w any subject ( ! ,m$iator view himself z violat+ x by refus+ to use c>nal weapons :ile he believes t 8 ,"l has utt]ly =bidd5 8 us+ !m4 ,x is appreh5d$ t if ?is proves any?+ ^u ! pr9ciples ( w>1 t x w prove too mu* = its advocates4 ,! comm& is to obey ! p[]s t be & n ! p[]s t ought to be4 ,if x is tak5 9 an unlimit$ s5se1 x mu/ prohibit resi/+ ev5 tyrannical p[]s1 & w\ld1 ( c\rse1 condemn e ,*ri/ian :o engag$ 9 ! ,am]ican ,revolution4 ,to say t all p[] is 9 ! h&s ( ! p1 &1 ( c\rse1 x is ! p :o are ! p[]s t be1 is ?\ght to be b a quibble4 ,we w suppose a v possible case1--t a =eign p[] completely ov]turns ! gov]nm5t ( ! p & disannuls _! laws & gives a new code2 9 t case1 ! comm& to obey ! p[]s t be w\ld n be annihilat$4 ,! precept orig9ally 0 giv5 :ile ! disciples 7 9 ! mid/ ( tyrannical gov]nm5ts4 ,x is ?\ght t x is s f> f tol]at+ def5sive w> t x is oppos$ to x4 ,! precepts ( ! gospel _c be dep5d5t ^u ! convulsions ( ! nations4 ,if ,*ri/ians are b\nd to aid ) c>nal weapons 9 suppress+ a rebellion1 !n1 if ! oppos+ p[] ga9s ! pr$om9ance1 !y mu/ turn directly ab\t & fight ! v p[] !y 7 be=e support+4 ,su* conduct w\ld n become ! citiz5s ( ,zion4 ,if x is said ! p[]s t be are ,*ri/ian rul]s1 !n we say1 let !m gov]n only by ! laws ( ! ,m$iator's k+dom1 & we w b[ ) rev]5ce be=e !m1 & n tea* = comm&m5ts ! doctr9es ( m51 z we _c receive human laws = div9e precepts4 ,x is /at$ t our ,"l paid tribute1 & t we are comm&$ to pay tribute to :om tribute is due1 & t tribute supports ! gov]nm5ts ( ?is _w4 ,?is is grant$2 b ! ,m$iator's subjects are requir$ also to lead peaceable & quiet lives2 ?is is m promot$ by pay+ tribute ?an by ! refusal4 ,our ,"l directs ,pet] to pay ! tribute le/ !y %\ld give (f5se4 ,b pay+ tribute = ! sake ( pres]v+ peace is a v diff]5t ?+ f actually engag+ 9 w>4 ,:5ev] ! ,*ri/ian is call$ ^u to pay money by way ( taxes or tribute1 he does n "p ) any spiritual treasure1 b only e>?ly prop]ty1 = :i* he has ! example & precepts ( ! ,"l4 ,! curr5cy ( ! _w g5]ally be>s ! ensign ( ! nation :i* made x4 ,if x be>s ! image & sup]scription ( ,caes>1 !n r5d] to ,caes> ! ?+s t are ,caes>'s1 & unto ,god ! ?+s :i* are ,god's4 ,*ri/ians1 h[ev]1 ^: he>ts are ^u ?is idol1 w soon] give up _! lives ?an _! ,god4 ,! love ( money is ! root ( all evil4 ,! real ,*ri/ian's treasure is 9 heav5 & beyond ! rea* ( ! p[]s ( e>? or hell4 ,! ?+s ( ?is _w are b privileges loan$ him1 to be resign$ at ! call ( 8 ,"l4 ,%all he !n fe> ^? :o c only kill ! body & aft]w>ds h no m t !y c d8 ,r1 let him fe> him :o has p[] to de/roy bo? s\l & body 9 hell =ev]4 ,x is bett] = him to suff] wrong ?an to d wrong4 ,! p]mission grant$ to ! ,jewi% *ur* to wage w> has (t5 be5 plead$ z au?ority = ,*ri/ians4 ,if ?is proves any?+1 x proves too mu*1 = n only def5sive b (f5sive w> 0 p]mitt$ "u ! ,mosaic disp5sation4 ,?is ! tyrants ( ! _w h n g5]ally cont5d$ 0 "r s9ce ! gospel disp5sation4 ,we ?9k1 h[ev]1 t we h fully %[n t ?is 0 abrogat$ "u ! gospel disp5sation1 & t all k9ds ( w> 7 prohibit$2 if s1 x has no weight on ! subject4#i ,x has be5 said t ,*ri/ians ) a small exception h nev] que/ion$ ! propriety ( def5sive w>4 ,z x reg>ds nom9al ,*ri/ians1 ?is /atem5t is p]haps correct1 b z x respects ! real disciples ( ! ,m$iator1 x is to be que/ion$4 ,we he> ( no ,*ri/ians 9 ! fir/ ages ( ! *ur* engag$ 9 c>nal w>f>e until we he> ( great corruptions 9 ! *ur*4 ,mo/ ,prote/ants h be5 ( op9ion t ^? preci\s disciples :o inhabit$ ! d>k valleys ( ,pi$mont dur+ ! great corruptions ( ! nom9al *ur* 7 ! ,r$eem]'s true subjects4 ,^! disciples1 ( :om ! _w 0 n wor?y1 utt]ly refus$ to engage ev5 9 def5sive w>1 not)/&+ !y 7 hunt$ d[n by _! bloody p]secutors4#aj ,x has be5 (t5 said t ! ,re=m]s1 :o 7 good m51 did n hesitate to engage 9 def5sive w>1 & t ! ,re=mation 0 f9ally support$ by ! sword4 ,t ! ,re=m]s 7 g5]ally pi\s m5 is readily admitt$1 & t ! ,re=mation1 "u div9e provid5ce1 0 a glori\s ev5t to ! *ur* is also grant$4 ,b ! hi/ory ( ! ,re=m]s1 :5 writt5 by _! fri5ds1 abundantly manife/s t !y 7 m51 subject to l passions ) o!r m51 & t all ! means !y employ$ c\ld n be ju/ifi$1 ei!r by ! _s or ! precepts ( ! gospel4 ,h5ry ! ,eigh? 0 a vile man1 b he 0 v active 9 prote/+ aga9/ ! ,pope because 8 hol9ess w\ld n grant him a divorce4 ,god makes ! wra? ( man praise him4 ,x w n probably be a great l5g? ( "t 79 ! op9ion ( ! writ]7 be=e ^? *ur*es :i* 7 def5d$ ) ! sword w be de/roy$ by ! sword4 ,x has be5 fur!r urg$ t n only ! ,re=m]s b mo/ pi\s ,prote/ants h pray$ = ! prosp]ity ( ! arms ( _! c\ntry1 & _m h actually f\ght 9 ! field ( battle4 ,all ?is is likewise admitt$4 ,b _m pi\s m5 h _h a mi/ak5 zeal4 ,x is fully believ$ t ,prote/ants1 g5]ally1 h be5 9 ! habit ( consid]+ ! ,re=mation s glori\s an ev5t t !y h v little inquir$ :e!r ! means by :i* x 0 f9ally def5d$ 7 agreeable to ! _s ( ! gospel or n4 ,!y h be5 taught f _! e>lie/ ye>s to consid] t ! weapons ( w>f>e us$ by ! ,re=m]s 7 lawful1 s t !y h n hesitat$ to foll[ _! example4 ,t ! example & pray]s ( pi\s p ought to h weight is readily grant$1 b to place a bl9d confid5ce 9 !m1 we appreh5d1 is crim9al1 = _! example is to be imitat$ no fur!r ?an x agrees ) ! _s & precepts ( ! gospel4 ,^! mu/ =ev] rema9 a p]fect /&>d ( duty2 :]eas ! practice ( real ,*ri/ians1 ow+ to _! imp]fect /ate1 is con/antly *ang+ & (t5 contradictory4 ,dur+ ! ,am]ican ,revolution1 d\btless1 real ,*ri/ians 7 pray+ & fight+ = ! success ( ! ,am]ican arms1 & real ,*ri/ians 9 ! ,briti% s]vice 7 pray+ & fight+ = ! success ( 8 ,maje/y's arms4 ,! tru? is1 !y ought n to pray = w> 9 any %ape1 b to pray t w>s may cease f "u heav51 & t ,god's k+dom may come & 8 w be done on e>? z x is done 9 heav52 & n only to pray1 b endeavor to advance ! k+dom ( heav5 & put a /op to w>s & blood%$4 ,! op9ions ( pi\s p (t5 v>y ) ! increase ( light :i* %9es ^u ! *ur*4 ,"o c5tury ago mo/ pi\s p believ$ 9 ! propriety ( ! slave trade1 b v few c n[ be f\nd to advocate ! abom9able practice4 ,! nature ( ! crime has n *ang$1 nor ! evid5ce aga9/ x1 b ! tru? is1 t ! op9ion ( pi\s p has mat]ially *ang$ ^u ?is subject4 ,we ought always to rememb] t ! example ( pi\s p is to be ( no weight any fur!r ?an x agrees ) ! example ( our ,"l4 ,x is always unsafe to be look+ too mu* to ! fallible example ( ^? :om we h e/eem$ pi\s = a rule ( duty1 :ile we h ! un]r+ ^w 9 our h&s to light our way2 :5 any "o is dep5d+ ^u ! example ( ,*ri/ians n "u ! imm$iate influ5ce ( div9e inspiration = evid5ce to support 8 hypo!sis1 x is /rong presumptive evid5ce t he has n ! ^w ( ,god 9 8 favor4 ,by ! ^w ( ,god & by t only ought e controv]sy to be tri$4 ,x is fur!r urg$ t we are comm&$ to pray = k+s & all 9 au?ority2 x is true we mu/ pray n only = k+s b all m51 ev5 enemies4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 does by no means imply t we are comm&$ to pray = a bless+ ^u _! unhall[$ und]tak+s2 b x only implies t we mu/ pray t !y may be translat$ out ( nature's d>kness into ! light ( ! gospel1 & f ! p[] ( ,satan unto ! liv+ ,god4 ,! great difficulty ) ! subjects ( ! ,m$iator ev] has be51 & /ill is1 a want ( fai? 9 ! promises ( ,god4 ,!y are prone to be afraid ( consequ5ces4 ,!y look ne>ly z mu* at consequ5ces z ! *ildr5 ( ,israel did :ile j\rney+ f ,egypt to ,canaan4 ,! tru? is1 !y ought to h no?+ to d ) consequ5ces1 b only duties4 ,?us sai? ! ,"l1 %\ld be _! w>rant & only guide4 ,if !y implicitly foll[ ! comm&1 consequ5ces are all safe 9 ,god's h&4 ,_h ,abraham look$ only at consequ5ces1 x is n probable he w\ld ev] h be5 /yl$ ! ,fa!r ( ! ,fai?ful4 ,x is n uncommon = timid & worldly ,*ri/ians to be al>m$ at consequ5ces & to argue 9 ?is mann]3 !y say1 ,%all we /& /ill & suff] an assass9 to ent] our h\ses & take our lives & prop]ty )\t ev] attempt+ to resi/ him8 ,all ?is mu/ g ^u ! supposition t he :o has said he w nev] leave nor =sake 8 p1 & is a v pres5t help 9 e "t ( ne$1 w take no c>e ( !m4 ,no assass9 c\ld /& a mom5t be=e ! pray] ( fai? :i* w\ld ent] ! heav5s & rea* ! e>s ( ! ,"l ( ,sabao?4 ,if fai?less ,*ri/ians _c be p]suad$ to look at ! precepts & ! promises1 b only at consequ5ces1 !y ought1 at lea/1 to exam9e !m well4 ,suppose ,god1 9 8 holy provid5ce1 %\ld p]mit an assass9 to take ! life ( "o ( 8 de> *ildr52 ! consequ5ce w\ld be1 he w\ld imm$iately be translat$ to glory2 & possibly ! assass9 might become a p5it5t2 b %\ld he take ! life ( ! assass9 9 def5d+ himself1 ! consequ5ce !n w\ld be1 he w\ld hurry him into ! abyss ( ! damn$ :]e 8 probation w\ld be et]nally end$4 ,he :o puts 8 tru/ 9 ! ,"l %all n fe> :at man c d to him2 he w be l ,m\nt ,zion :i* _c be mov$4 ,rememb]1 de> bre?r51 t ! weapons ( our w>f>e are n c>nal b spiritual1 & mighty ?r\gh ,god4 ,f9ally1 my bre?r51 be /rong 9 ! ,"l1 & 9 ! p[] ( 8 might4 ,put on ! :ole arm\r ( ,god1 t ye may be able to /& aga9/ ! wiles ( ! devil4 ,= we wre/le n aga9/ fle% & blood1 b aga9/ pr9cipalities1 aga9/ p[]s1 aga9/ ! rul]s ( ! d>kness ( ?is _w1 aga9/ spiritual wick$ness 9 high places4 ,:]e=e take unto y ! :ole arm\r ( ,god 7"h is ! equipm5t ( a soldi] ( ,jesus ,*ri/71 t ye may be able to )/& 9 an evil day1 & hav+ done all1 to /&4 ,/& !re=e1 hav+ y\r lo9s girt ab\t ) tru?1 & hav+ on ! brea/plate ( righte\sness2 & y\r feet %od ) ! prep>ation ( ! gospel ( peace2 above all1 tak+ ! %ield ( fai?1 :]e) ye %all be able to qu5* all ! fi]y d>ts ( ! wick$4 ,& take ! helmet ( salvation1 & ! sword ( ! ,_s1 :i* is ! ^w ( ,god3 pray+ always ) all pray] & supplication 9 ! ,_s1 & wat*+ !reunto ) all p]sev]ance & supplication = all sa9ts4 ,& ! v ,god ( peace %all be ) y1 & he w %ortly bruise ,satan "u y\r feet4 ,= yet a little :ile & ! ,almighty angel w come d[n ) a great *a9 9 8 h&2 & he w lay hold on ! dragon1 t old s]p5t1 :i* is ! devil & ,satan1 & w b9d him a ?\s& ye>s1 & ca/ him into ! bottomless pit1 & %ut him up1 & set a seal ^u him1 t he %all deceive ! nations no m until ! ?\s& ye>s are fulfill$4 ,!n w>s w cease f "u heav5 & ! implem5ts ( dea? w be conv]t$ into ! h>mless ut5sils ( husb&ry1 & !re w be no?+ to hurt nor de/roy 9 all ,god's holy m\nta94 ,! /one :i* 0 cut out ( ! m\nta9 )\t h&s w become a great m\nta9 & fill ! :ole e>?4 ,!n w be he>d a l\d voice say+ 9 heav51 ,n[ is come salvation1 & /r5g?1 & ! k+dom ( ,god1 & ! p[] ( 8 ,*ri/3 = ! accus] ( our bre?r5 is ca/ d[n1 :i* accus$ !m be=e ,god day & night4 ,& !y ov]came him by ! blood ( ! ,lamb1 & by ! ^w ( _! te/imony2 & !y lov$ n _! lives unto ! dea?4 ,!re=e rejoice1 ye heav5s1 & ye t dwell 9 !m4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 v important1 de> bre?r51 t we keep x con/antly 9 m9d t ! nature & precepts ( ! gospel are ! same n[ z !y w be !n1 9 t glori\s reign ( righte\sness & peace1 & t x is our duty con/antly to be influ5c$ by ! same _s n[ :i* w !n be manife/$ by ! foll[]s ( ! ,lamb4 ,! little leav5 is ( ! same nature ) :ole lump :5 x is leav5$4 ,let u !re=e gird up ! lo9s ( our m9d & wat* unto pray]4 #d4 ,if ! ,m$iator's k+dom is n ( ?is _w1 b spiritual1 heav5ly1 & div9e1 & if ! k+doms ( ?is _w are "u ! dom9ion ( ,satan1 & if ! subjects ( ,*ri/'s k+dom are n p]mitt$ to use c>nal weapons1 !n we may inf] :o is ! great :ore t sitte? ^u _m wat]s2 ) :om ! k+s ( ! e>? h committ$ =nication1 & ! inhabitants ( ! e>? h be5 made drunk ) ! w9e ( h] =nication4 ,a virg9 or *a/e woman is a famili> symbol 9 ! ,scriptures ( ! true *ur* ( ,god2 & an un*a/e woman is z famili> a symbol ( an apo/ate or corrupt *ur*4 ,z a lewd woman calls h]self by ! "n ( h] husb&1 not)/&+ %e has con/ant int]c\rse ) o!r m51 s ! corrupt *ur* calls h]self by ! "n ( ,*ri/1 not)/&+ %e has con/ant illicit int]c\rse ) ! k+s ( ! e>?4#aa ,to und]/& ! true nature ( spiritual :or$om w assi/ u 9 asc]ta9+ ! b\nds ( my/ical ,babylon4 ,! *ildr5 ( ,israel 7 sep>at$ f all ! nations ( ! e>? & set ap>t to be holy unto ! ,"l4 ,z !y 7 9 cov5ant ) ! ,god ( ,israel1 he address$ !m 9 ! ende>+ "* ( a husb&4 ,:5ev] !y made any cov5ant or =m$ a conf$]acy ) ! nations ar\nd !m1 or imitat$ _! idolatr\s abom9ations1 !y 7 *>g$ ) spiritual :or$om4 ,! *ur*1 "u ! gospel disp5sation1 is r$eem$ f among/ m5 out ( e nation1 & sanctifi$ & set ap>t to be a peculi> p to %[ =? ! praises ( ,god4 ,x is /yl$ ! ,bride1 ! ,lamb's wife4 ,its memb]s are n to be con=m$ to ?is _w b to be trans=m$ by ! r5ew+ ( ! ,_s4 ,!y d n belong to any e>?ly k+dom1 = our ,"l has said1 ,!y are n ( ! _w1 ev5 z ,i am n ( ! _w2 b !y are citiz5s ( ! heav5ly ,zion & belong to ! h\sehold ( ,god2 !y are memb]s ( ! same community1 ) ! innum]able company ( angels & ! spirits ( j m5 made p]fect2 & are to be gov]n$ by ! v same _s & temp] :i* reigns among/ ^? bless$ inhabitants above4 ,god is an ov]fl[+ & unb\nd$ ocean ( bless$ness & love2 love is !re=e ! fulfill+ ( ! law4 ,:5ev] ! subjects ( ! ,r$eem] unite !mselves to ! k+doms ( ?is _w1 & engage 9 _! political cont5tions & fight+s1 !n x appe>s !y commit spiritual :or$om1 = !y =sake ! f\nta9 ( liv+ wat]s & hew out to !mselves ci/]ns1--brok5 ci/]ns1 :i* c hold no wat]4 ,:5 !y ?us m+le ) ! _w & unite 9 its pursuits !y may spiritually be /yl$ adult]]s4 ,! apo/le ,james1 :ile reprov+ ! twelve tribes1 :i* 7 scatt]$ abroad1 = _! w>s & fight+s & fri5d%ip to ! _w1 /yles !m adult]]s & adult]esses4 ,9 direct opposition to ?is repres5tation1 ! fir/ fruits ( ! *ur* are /yl$ virg9s1 z n be+ defil$ ) wom54 ,^! are !y :i* 7 n defil$ ) wom52 = !y are virg9s4 ,^! are !y :i* foll[ ! ,lamb :i!rsoev] he goe?4 ,^! 7 r$eem$ f among/ m51 be+ ! fir/fruits unto ,god & ! ,lamb4 ,& 9 _! m\? 0 f\nd no guile3 = !y are )\t fault be=e ! ?rone ( ,god4 ,z virg9s are pure & undefil$1 s 7 ! disciples ( ,*ri/ 9 ! fir/ age ( ! *ur* :5 !y _h no impure int]c\rse ) ! k+doms ( ?is _w & foll[$ ! ,lamb 9 refus+ to engage ei!r 9 its pr(its1 honors1 or fight+s4 ,!y are1 !re=e1 call$ virg9s1 )\t fault1 9 opposition to ^? :o m+le ) ! _w1 :o are spiritually /yl$ h>lots4 ,x evid5tly appe>s1 if :at has be5 said is true1 t my/ical ,babylon1 t "m ( h>lots & abom9ations ( ! e>?1 is j z ext5sive z ! union ( ! *ur* ) ! k+doms ( ?is _w2 & j 9 t proportion 9 :i* an individual ,*ri/ian1 or a s+le *ur*1 or a numb] ( *ur*es unit$ 9 "o body1 engage 9 ! honors1 pr(its1 & fight+s ( ! k+doms ( ?is _w1 j 9 t proportion !y may be said to be guilty ( spiritual :or$om4 ,! writ] is well aw>e t ?is inf]5ce1 h[ev] j1 w be look$ ^u ) contempt by worldly political ,*ri/ians ^: de>e/ int]e/ is involv$ 9 ! k+doms ( ?is _w1 & especially by ^? :o are clo!d 9 purple & sc>let & h a gold5 cup 9 _! h&s4 ,he has no expectation ( be+ c&idly he>d by su*1 b x is ,god's own de> *ildr5 :o h ignorantly m+l$ ) ! _w1 hav+ be5 bl9d$ by _! education1 f :om he expects a c&id he>+4 ,if any man h e>s to he>1 let him he>4 ,x is n common = a lewd woman op5ly to av[ to ! _w h] "*2 nei!r c x be expect$ t ! "m ( h>lots w own h] "n4 ,! writ] is ( op9ion t v few h und]/ood ! full dim5sions ( ?is my/ical city2 %e appe>s to him 9 h] greate/ ext5t to be b\nd$ b little %ort ( ! :ole visible *ur* ( ,god4 ,%e is /yl$ ! great ,city1 :i* spiritually is call$ ,sodom & ,egypt1 :]e also our ,"l 0 crucifi$4 ,& 9 h] 0 f\nd ! blood ( prophets & sa9ts & ( all t 7 sla9 ^u ! e>?4 ,b a dreadful judgm5t awaits h]3 ,%e %all utt]ly be burnt ) fire3 = /rong is ! ,"l ,god :o judges h]4 ,be+ m+l$ ) ! nations & support$ by _! p[]1 :5 !y become l /ubble be=e ! dev\r+ fire1 %e w be consum$ ) !m4 ,! :ore is repres5t$ z rid+ ^u a sc>let-color$ bea/1 & upheld by him4#ab ,:5 he1 ) all 8 heads1 are ca/ into ! lake ( fire1 %e w likewise be giv5 to ! burn+ flame4 ,b be=e ?is great & dreadful day ( ! ,"l %all come1 :i* w burn z an ov51 :5 ! :ore %all be consum$ ) ! nations ( ! e>?1 ,god w call to 8 p to come out ( h]1 say+ unto !m1 ,come out ( h]1 my p1 t ye be n p>tak]s ( h] s9s1 & t ye receive n ( h] plagues4 ,z ,god's anci5t p 7 c>ri$ captives into lit]al ,babylon1 s ,god's de> p w be f\nd captives 9 my/ical ,babylon1 until !y he> ! comm& ( _! ,"l to come out ( h] t !y be n p>tak]s ( h] s9s & t !y receive n ( h] plagues4 ,! captive daught]s ( ,zion are v num]\s4 ,o t !y may soon arise & %ake !mselves f ! du/6 ,%ake ?yself f ! du/2 arise1 & sit d[n1 ,o ,j]usalem3 loose ?yself f ! b&s ( ?y neck1 ,o captive daught] ( ,zion4 #e4 ,if ! ,m$iator's k+dom is n ( ?is _w1 & ! k+doms ( ?is _w are "u ! dom9ion ( ,satan1 & if ,*ri/'s subjects _c unite !mselves to ! k+doms ( ?is _w1 )\t committ+ spiritual :or$om1 !n we may inf] ! great impropriety ( ! subjects ( ! ,m$iator's k+dom becom+ political ,*ri/ians & enroll+ !mselves ) ! m5 ( ?is _w4 ,!y _c s]ve two ma/]s3 = !y w ei!r hate ! "o1 & love ! o!r2 or else !y w hold to ! "o1 & despise ! o!r4 ,h[ humiliat+ is x to see subjects ( ! ,k+ ( ,zion engag$ 9 ! drudg]y ( ! pr9ce ( d>kness1 labor+ & /ruggl+ to support 8 tott]+ ?rone6 ,satan's k+dom is divid$ aga9/ itself & mu/1 !re=e1 come to an end4 ,b h[ lam5table is x to see ! sons ( ! liv+ ,god1 ! subjects ( ! ,pr9ce ( ,peace1 tak+ sides 9 ! cause ( ! adv]s>y ( s\ls1 & actually oppos+ & fight+ ea* o!r "u 8 bann]6 ,!y d x ignorantly & w1 !re=e1 obta9 =giv5ess1 = !y "k n :at mann] ( _s !y are (4 ,!y are comm&$ to h no fell[%ip ) ! unfruitful works ( d>kness1 b r reprove !m4 ,be=e our ,"l dep>t$ f ?is _w to g to ! ,fa!r1 he gave laws to 8 subjects = _! rule ( life until 8 second com+4 ,all ^! laws contemplat$ _! resid+ z a holy nation 9 ! mid/ ( a wick$ & b5ight$ _w1 to reflect ! rays ( ! ,sun ( righte\sness on ! ?ick d>kness :i* cov]s ! p4 ,!y 7 to be a city set ^u a hill & a light to ! _w4 ,! apo/le exhorts !m to d all ?+s )\t murmur+s & disput+s3 t ye may be blameless & h>mless1 ! sons ( ,god1 )\t rebuke1 9 ! mid/ ( a crook$ & p]v]se nation1 among :om ye %9e z lights 9 ! _w4 ,!y mu/ be a peculi> p to %[ =? ! praises ( ,god4 ,h[ inconsi/5t is x1 !n1 = ! citiz5s ( ! heav5ly ,zion to be m+l+ ) ! politicians ( ?is _w & unit+ 9 _! processions1 fea/s1 & cabals1 :5 !y ought r to be pray+ = !m1 t ! v s9s !y commit 9 ^! sc5es may be =giv5 !m6 ,de> bre?r51 is x n high "t to come out f ! _w & be sep>at$8 ,be ye n unequally yok$ toge!r ) unbeliev]s3 = :at fell[%ip ha? righte\sness ) unrighte\sness8 & :at communion ha? light ) d>kness8 & :at concord ha? ,*ri/ ) ,belial8 ,:]e=e come out f among !m1 & be ye sep>ate1 sai? ! ,"l1 & t\* n ! unclean ?+2 & ,i w receive y1 & w be a ,fa!r to y1 & ye %all be my sons & daught]s1 sai? ! ,"l ,almighty4 #f4 ,9 view ( :at has be5 said1 we f9ally inf] t e int]e/ :i* is n built ^u ! sure f\ndation /one :i* ,god has laid 9 ,zion w be swept away :5 ! /orms ( div9e wra? %all beat ^u our guilty _w4 ,=1 behold1 ! day come?1 t %all burn z an ov52 & all ! pr\d1 yea1 & all t d wick$ly1 %all be /ubble3 & ! day t come? %all burn !m up1 sai? ! ,"l ( ho/s1 t x %all leave !m nei!r root nor bran*4 ,= ! day ( ! ,"l ( ho/s %all be ^u e "o t is pr\d & l(ty1 & ^u e "o t is lift$ up2 & he %all be br\ght l[4 ,! l(ty looks ( man %all be humbl$1 & ! haught9ess ( m5 %all be b[$ d[n2 & ! ,"l alone %all be exalt$ 9 t day4 ,! ,"l at ?y "r h& %all /rike ?r\gh k+s 9 ! day ( 8 wra?4 ,he %all judge among ! hea!n1 he %all fill ! places ) _! dead bodies2 he %all w\nd ! head ov] _m c\ntries4 ,=1 behold1 ! ,"l w come ) fire1 & ) 8 *>iots l a :irlw9d1 to r5d] 8 ang] ) fury1 & 8 rebuke ) flames ( fire4 ,= by fire & by 8 sword w ! ,"l plead ) all fle%3 & ! sla9 ( ! ,"l %all be _m4 ,= ! indignation ( ! ,"l is ^u all nations1 & 8 fury ^u all _! armies3 he ha? utt]ly de/roy$ !m1 he ha? deliv]$ !m to ! slaught]4 ,_! sla9 %all be ca/ out1 & _! /9k %all come up out ( _! c>casses1 & ! m\nta9s %all be melt$ ) blood4 ,= ?is is ! day ( ! ,"l ,god ( ho/s1 a day ( v5geance1 t he may av5ge him ( 8 adv]s>ies3 & ! sword %all dev\r1 & x %all be satiate & be made drunk ) _! blood4 ,! nations mu/ dr9k ( ! w9e ( ! wra? ( ,god1 :i* %all be p\r$ out )\t mixture1 into ! cup ( 8 indignation2 & !y w be trodd5 9 ! great w9e press ( ! wra? ( ,god ,almighty4 ,& ! great :ore :i* has drunk ! blood ( ! sa9ts & ! blood ( ! m>tyrs ( ,jesus w h blood to dr9k2 = %e is wor?y4 ,! sword ( ! ,"l has two edges2 x w cut (f ! (f5d+ limbs ( ! *ur* & de/roy h] enemies4 ,! fire ( ! ,"l w purify 8 sa9ts b utt]ly burn up ! wick$4 ,he ^: fan is 9 8 h& w ?or\ghly purge 8 floor1 & ga!r 8 :eat into ! g>n]2 b he w burn up ! *aff ) unqu5*able fire4 ,al?\gh ! e>? is ?us to be desolat$1 & ! nations de/roy$1 yet ! sa9ts ( ! ,mo/ ,high %all possess ! k+dom = ev] & ev]4 ,& ! k+dom & dom9ion1 & ! greatness ( ! k+dom "u ! :ole heav51 %all be giv5 to ! p ( ! sa9ts ( ! ,mo/ ,high1 ^: k+dom is an ev]la/+ k+dom1 & all dom9ions %all s]ve & obey him4 ,de> bre?r51 ^! ev5ts are rapidly roll+ 9 ! fi]y :eels d[n ! desc5t ( "t2 & al?\gh ! nations mu/ fir/ dr9k ! vials ( div9e wra? & ! battle ( ,god ,almighty mu/ fir/ be f\ght1 yet ! "t is at h& :5 we %all no m he> ! s\nd ( w>1 & ( g>m5ts roll$ 9 blood1 = man w cease to be ! enemy ( man1 & e "o w sit quietly "u 8 own v9e & "u 8 own fig tree2 & !re w be no?+ to hurt or de/roy 9 all ,god's holy m\nta91 & ! k ( ! ,"l %all cov] ! e>? z ! wat]s cov] ! *annels ( ! mighty deep4 ,de> bre?r51 is x n high "t to awake out ( sleep3 = n[ is our salvation ne>] ?an :5 we believ$4 ,! night is f> sp5t1 ! day is at h&3 let u !re=e ca/ (f ! works ( d>kness1 & let u put on ! arm\r ( light4 ,& let u pray ) all pray] & supplication 9 ! ,_s = all m51 n only = ourselves1 our families1 & our fri5ds1 & ! *ur* ( ,god1 b = a dy+ _w1 t ,god w\ld 9 inf9ite compassion cut %ort ^! days ( dreadful calamity = 8 elect's sake2 & 9 ! mid/ ( des]v$ wra? rememb] m]cy4 ,he t ha? e>s to he>1 let him he> :at ! ,_s sai? unto ! *ur*es2 ,to him t ov]come? w ,i give to eat ( ! tree ( life1 :i* is 9 ! mid/ ( ! p>adise ( ,god4 ,,footnotes3 #d ,! e>?1 9 symbolical language1 is suppos$ by ! writ] to d5ote civiliz$ nations1 9 di/9ction f unciviliz$1 :i* are symboliz$ by ! agitat$ sea4 ,civiliz$ nations w no long] cov] ! blood ( ! sla91 "u ! speci\s idea ( def5d+ _! rights & lib]ties4 #e ,if ! k+doms ( ?is _w d n belong to ,satan1 !n x 0 no temptation to our ,"l :5 he (f]$ !m to him4 ,x is expressly said t he 0 tempt$ ( ,satan4 #f ,! writ] has = a l5g? ( "t be5 ( op9ion t no ev5t has ev] yet happ5$ to ! *ur* :i* answ]s to slay+ ! witnesses4 ,x has be5 giv5 z a reason by "s t ! witnesses h be5 sla91 t s mu* light has be5 diffus$ s9ce ! art ( pr9t+ 0 discov]$1 & s9ce ! ,re=mation1 t no reason c ev] aga9 be f\nd suffici5tly plausible to satisfy ! consci5ces ( mank9d 9 aga9 tak+ ! lives ( _! fell[-m5 9 matt]s ( consci5ce4 ,if our c\ntry 0 invad$ & a law %\ld be pass$ t e man capable ( be>+ arms %\ld equip himself = its def5se1 on p5alty ( be+ consid]$ z an enemy & to be publicly execut$ accord+ly 9 case ( refusal = consci5ce' sake1 !re w\ld n probably be want+ patriots suffici5t to execute ! laws2 if !y c\ld n be f\nd 9 our l& ( lib]ty1 !y might be f\nd among/ ! tyrants ( ! ,old ,_w4 #g ,if ! p]mission giv5 to ! *ur* "u ! ,mosaic disp5sation to engage 9 w> has n be5 disannull$ by ! gospel disp5sation 7:i* is by no means grant$71 x is ?\ght t x does n admit ( ! consequ5ces :i* are g5]ally drawn4 ,! ,israelites 7 ,god's cov5ant p & 7 utt]ly prohibit$ f mak+ any cov5ant ) ! nations ar\nd !m1 or engag+ ) !m 9 _! w>s4 ,x mu/ !re=e be totally improp] = ,god's cov5ant p n[ to unite ) ^? :o are /rang]s to ! cov5ant ( promise1 & engage ) !m 9 _! tumult & fight+s4 ,x is presum$ t no "o :o has ev] read our ,con/itution w pret5d t ! ,am]ican nation has1 9 ! ,scriptural s5se1 made a cov5ant ) ,god4 ,if ! analogy holds good 9 "o po9t1 x mu/ 9 ano!r2 & 9 t case !re is no alt]native left = ,god's cov5ant p b ei!r to )draw f ^? :o are n 9 cov5ant ) ,god1 or adopt a national religion :i* mu/ be def5d$ by ! weapons ( ! nation4 ,x is believ$ t ^? :o w n admit t ! p]mission grant$ to ! ,israelites to engage 9 w> 0 abrogat$ by ! gospel disp5sation c nev] fully answ] ! argum5ts 9 favor ( a national religion4 #h ,f\r ?+s are noticeable f ?is hi/ory4 ,fir/1 ,t ! subjects ( ! ,m$iator's k+dom h no "r to use c>nal weapons = def5se1 9 ! mo/ try+ situation possible4 ,secondly1 ,! promulgation ( a decree ( heav52 t all !y 7:e!r /ates1 *ur*es1 or k+doms7 :o take ! sword %all p]i% ) ! sword4 ,e political or ecclesia/ical body :i* is def5d$ ) ! sword w by ! sword be de/roy$4 ,9 confirmation ( ?is s5tim5t1 we see :ile ! great de/roy+ p[]s 7 repres5t$ to ,/4 ,john 9 ! symbols ( f]oci\s bea/s1 x 0 add$1 ,if any man h an e> to he>1 let him he>4 ,he t leade? into captivity %all g into captivity3 he t kille? ) ! sword mu/ be kill$ ) ! sword2 b 9 opposition to ?is x is said1 ,"h is ! fai? & ! pati5ce ( ! sa9ts4 ,we w\ld inquire h[ ! fai? & ! pati5ce ( ! sa9ts appe>1 if !y1 l ! nations ( ! e>?1 lead into captivity & kill ) ! sword8 ,?irdly1 ,! weapon :i* ! subjects ( ! ,r$eem] are to use = def5se is "h br\ght into view1 viz41 ,pray]4 ,no?+ :i* appe>s prev5t$ our ,"l f us+ ?is weapon :5 he 0 betray$1 b ! necessity ( ! ,scriptures be+ fulfill$4 ,_h he pray$ to 8 ,fa!r1 m ?an twelve legions ( m9i/]+ spirits w\ld h appe>$ swift z lightn+ to dis*>ge 8 w4 ,at ! "t he %all come 9 all ! glory ( 8 ,fa!r ! holy angels w be ) him4 ,he w break ?r\gh ! heav5s 9 flam+ fire & desc5d ) ! %\t ( ! ,ar*angel & ! trump ( ,god1 & cleave asund] ! e>? b5ea?2 & s5d =? 8 angels :o w awake ! sleep+ millions f _! tombs & ga!r toge!r 8 elect & take !m up into ! air to be ev] ) _! ,"l4 ,f\r?ly1 ,we may expect t angels w be s5t to deliv] ! sa9ts 9 ! times ( tr\ble4 ,angels are m9i/]+ spirits & are s5t =? to m9i/] to ^? :o %all be ! heirs ( salvation4 ,:at a consolation x is t ! subjects ( ! ,m$iator c apply = help 9 times ( tr\ble to him :o has ! ho/s ( heav5 at 8 comm&2 & :o has said he w nev] leave nor =sake !m6 ,! angel ( ! ,"l encampe? r\nd ab\t !m :o fe> him1 to deliv] !m out ( all _! tr\ble4 ,if ,god be = !m1 :o c be aga9/ !m8 #i ,al?\gh x is n expect$ t any intellig5t & c&id ,*ri/ian w attempt to say t ! argum5ts :i* h be5 advanc$ may fairly apply to (f5sive b n to def5sive w>1 yet "s weak & un5light5$ ,*ri/ians may make ! ass]tion4 ,9 answ] to su* we w\ld obs]ve t ?is w\ld be begg+ ! "q & tak+ = grant$ ! v subject 9 dispute4 ,we _c be satisfi$ ) any?+ %ort ( a c&id answ]1 drawn directly f ! _s & precepts ( ! gospel4 ,:5 x is fairly prov$ t "u ! gospel disp5sation our ,"l did draw a cle> l9e ( di/9ction betwe5 (f5sive & def5sive w>1 & t he int5d$ all su* precepts z h be5 adduc$ to apply to ! =m] & n to ! latt]1 !n we w ackn[l$ge ! weight ( ! argum5t4 ,until ?is is done we %all n consid] our argum5ts z answ]$4 #aj ,! writ] p]ceives t he has made too unlimit$ a /atem5t respect+ ! disciples :o inhabit$ ! valleys ( ,pi$mont4 ,hi/orians h g5]ally consid]$ ^? :o diss5t$ f ! *ur* ( ,rome dur+ ! d>k ages z possess+ simil> s5tim5ts4 ,x is true !y did agree 9 r5\nc+ ! au?ority ( ! ,pope1 b 9 o!r ?+s !y did n all agree4 ,"s c\rt$ ! protection ( e>?ly p[]s & unit$ ) !m 9 def5d+ _! rights by ! po9t ( ! sword1 & 7 f9ally de/roy$ by ! sword4 ,o!rs1 in/ead ( def5d+ !mselves ) c>nal weapons1 fl$ f ! face ( ! s]p5t & 71 "u div9e provid5ce1 ! se$ ( ! *ur* 9 ! wild]ness4 ,x is ! latt] class to :i* ! writ] w\ld be und]/ood z ref]r+4 #aa ,z ! writ] has be5 = "s "t /udy+ ! symbolical language ( ! ,scriptures1 & int5ds 7if ! ,"l w1 unless "s p]son m able %\ld attempt an explanation7 to give 8 views to ! public1 he w n be s p>ticul> at pres5t 9 expla9+ ! symbol ( ! great :ore :i* sitte? ^u _m wat]s1 z he o!rwise %\ld4 ,he e>ly p]ceiv$ t ! heav5s & ! e>?1 ) all _! furniture1 7 us$ z an alphabet1 9 ! language ( ?+s1 to repres5t moral subjects4 ,8 object has be5 to le>n ! true mean+ ( ea* symbol by comp>+ ,scripture ) ,scripture4 ,no language c be read until ! alphabet is fir/ le>n$4 ,symbolical language does n1 l o!r languages1 *ange ) "t & place1 b repres5ts ! same idea to all nations & at all times4 ,he is ( op9ion t "o symbol does n repres5t two ev5ts1 unless x fir/ h a ref]5ce to "s less ev5t :i* is typical ( "s m important ev5t2 9 t case1 all toge!r may be figurative ( "s great ultimate end4 ,al?\gh "o symbol is suppos$ nev] to repres5t two diff]5t ?+s1 yet two or m symbols g5]ally repres5t "o ?+4 ,he has f\nd by trac+ back a symbol to its fir/ use1 t its true mean+ is g5]ally manife/4 ,s9ce exam9+ ! ,scriptures ) ?is view he has be5 irresi/ibly drawn into ! conclusions n[ exhibit$4 #ab ,! writ] is fully ( op9ion t a f]oci\s bea/ is nev] us$ z a symbol ( a corrupt *ur*1 b ( a tyrannical w>like p[]4 ,he has be5 = "s "t ( op9ion t ! second ,apocalyptic bea/ is ris+1 & t he w possess all ! p[] ( ! fir/ bea/ be=e him1 & t "u him ! false prophet w appe>2 & ! witnesses w be sla92 & ^u 8 k+dom ! six fir/ vials ( 8 div9e wra? w be pr9cipally p\r$ out2 & ! sev5? w be p\r$ ^u ,satan's k+dom univ]sally1 z he is ! pr9ce ( ! p[] ( ! air4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes ,! section 9 ! table ( cont5ts entitl$1 ,because1 in/ead ( prev5t+1 x provokes insult & mis*ief1 does n exactly mat* ! title ( ! correspond+ section f\nd )9 ! text4 ,?is has be5 reta9$4 ,pg #aaf4 ,! ^w ',antipolemos' 0 *ang$ to ',antipolemus4' ,pg #abj4 ,! ^w 'righte\snesss' 0 *ang$ to 'righte\sness4' ,pg #adb4 ,a "q m>k 0 *ang$ to a p]iod 9 ! foll[+ s5t5ce1 ,! "q to be decid$ is :e!r ^! regulations are /ill 9 =ce1 or :e!r !y 7 disannull$ by ! gospel disp5sation4