,,catalogue ,no4 #dj4 ,,microscopes ,,and ,,accessory ,,apparatus4 ,,ernst ,,leitz ,,wetzlar ,,germany4 ,founded in #ahej4 ,branch ,offices3 ,,new-,,york3 ,,chicago3 ,,berlin ,,nw4 #daa ,west #eith ,str4 #cb-ch ,clark ,str4 #de ,luisenstrasse4 #cj ,east #ahth ,street4 #aijc4 ,highest award ,worlds ,columbian ,exhibition ,chicago #ahic4 ,contents4 ,new constructions #e ,objectives and ,eye-pieces #g ,stands #af ,illuminating ,apparatus #bj ,complete ,microscope ,outfits #bd ,microscopes for ,mineralogical ,research #eg ,dissecting ,microscopes and ,lupes #fb ,apparatus for ,blood ,examinations #gj ,micrometers #gc ,drawing ,apparatus #gd ,mechanical ,stages #gh ,photo-micrographic ,apparatus #hb ,projection ,apparatus 7,edinger7 #hd ,the ,large ,projection ,apparatus #hg ,microtomes #ib ,miscellaneous ,accessories #ii ,publications #ajd ,index #aje ,notice4 ,all previous editions of this catalogue are superceded by the present one1 which should be exclusively used in ordering4 ,orders will be filled at once after their receipt4 ,in ordering care should be taken to give the number of each article desired and to state listprice4 ,to avoid delay and misunderstandings1 we request that name and address be plainly written4 ,goods are forwarded at the expense and risk of the purchaser4 ,our instruments for use in ,universities1 ,colleges1 ,schools c4 of the ,united ,states are by law free of duty and we shall be pleased to make specially low quotations for such orders4 ,,ernst ,,leitz4 ,new ,constructions4 ,since issueing our last catalogue1 a number of new apparatus and accessories have been added4 ,the following are the more important ones3 #a4 ,a completely new stand ,a with extra fine micrometerscrew transmitting its movement directly to the tube4 ,the stand is of elegant appearance and large dimensions1 making it especially well adapted for work in photo-micrography4 #b4 ,stand ,i is now fitted out with the new special fine adjustment 7each division #a_/ajjj mm74 #c4 ,stand ,,ii with round centering stage4 #d4 ,stand ,,iv is replaced by a model of larger size4 #e4 ,photo-micrographic apparatus for use in horizontal and vertical position1 having joint for inclination1 large size bellows and plateholder4 #f4 ,large projection-apparatus for electric lamp of #cj ,ampre with triple collecting lens of #baj mm aperture4 #g4 ,objective #a a with adjustable mounting and changeable magnification4 ,it is an excellent objective of low power for general purposes1 having a comparatively short working distance4 #h4 ,objective #a b with changeable magnification of lowest power1 as far down as two diameters4 ,it serves for drawing extended sections and specimens4 #i4 ,saccharimeter after ,mitcherlich improved form4 #aj4 ,trichinoscope1 projection-apparatus of strong and simple construction4 ,preface4 ,our ,american ,branch house in ,new-,york under the management of ,mr4 ,wm4 ,krafft has now been established for over #aj years4 ,this period has witnessed a gradual development of our business in the ,united ,states1 making it necessary to establish some years ago a ,western ,branch in ,chicago of which ,mr4 ,r4 ,gibson has charge4 ,the cordial reception our firm received has been most gratifying and we take this opportunity to thank our many patrons for their kind consideration4 ,it is our aim to co-operate with the scientists and construct new apparatus to meet their needs or improve others wherever this is possible4 ,the foregoing list of additions and improvements made since issueing our last catalogue is proof that we spare no time nor labor to hold pace with the increased wants of modern times4 ,we have now manufactured and sold over #gajjj compound microscopes and #cajjj oil immersion objectives1 a large number of which are used in the laboratories of ,universities1 ,colleges1 and other ,educational ,institutions of the ,united ,states4 ,we are prepared at ,new-,york and ,chicago to repair our instruments or make alterations at short notice and at lowest prices4 ,the optical part of a microscope should invariably be sent to the maker1 as he is best in a position to repair same and has an added interest to bring a lens back to its original quality or even improve it4 ,microscopes1 bacteriological apparatus and all other scientific instruments or preparations expressly imported for use in educational institutions are exempt from duty4 ,catalogues may be had on application by addressing3 ,,ernst ,,leitz1 ,,new-,,york ,,chicago #daa ,west #eith ,street #cb ,clark1 ,cor4 ,lake ,street4 ,objectives and ,eye-pieces4 ,in the manufacture of our objectives only such glass is employed as has been subjected to the most rigid scientific tests4 ,by these the exact index of refraction and the exact degree of dispersion of the glass are determined1 and with these data available it is possible to very perfectly correct both spherical and chromatic aberrations while still making use of wide angular apertures in the objectives4 ,the precise mathematical calculation1 combined with accurate systematical working and testing methods1 make it possible for us to guarantee our objectives to be all of equal and excellent quality4 ,every objective before leaving our hands1 is subjected to the most careful test1 and only such lenses as are of the highest grade1 are sent out4 ,for the past seventeen years we have used glasses manufactured by ,schott ,co4 of ,jena4 ,this glass has many points to recommend it for the construction of optical instruments1 and only such kinds are employed by us1 which have for many years been thoroughly tested as to their durability4 ,our lenses are therefore absolutely permanent4 ,objectives of the earlier type which have become cloudy1 we shall gladly repair4 ,illustration ,the three illustrations given above afford an idea of the plan of construction of our achromatic objectives4 ,the first figure represents the plan of our low power objectives1 and it will be noted that they consist of two doublets1 or triplets each carefully corrected4 ,the central figure shows the construction of our high power dry objectives4 ,a hemispherical front lens is combined with two doublets or sometimes triplets4 ,the front lens is the chief magnifier of the combination1 while the other lenses serve to correct the various aberrations4 ,the ,oil-immersion1 represented by the last illustration consists of a front lens1 hemispherical1 behind which is a meniscus1 which is in turn followed by a doublet and a triplet1 these latter acting as the correcting lenses of the combination4 ,we manufacture both ,achromatic and ,apochromatic objectives4 ,they differ in that the glasses made use of in the apochromatics and the manner in which they are combined permit a more perfect correction of chromatic aberration4 ,this advantage is not gained without a certain sacrifice of simplicity in construction2 by avoiding the use of flint glass having a high refractive index and substituting materials to take the place of crownglass4 ,the apochromatics as a matter of fact do resolve the fine markings of test objects 7butterfly scales and diatomes7 somewhat more clearly than the achromatics1 but the difference is slight and in ordinary stained microscope preparations is hardly detectable4 ,the correction of both achromatics and apochromatics is complete4 ,the ordinary ,huyghenian eye-pieces are consequently well adapted for use with the objectives of either construction4 ,only with the highest powers is it desirable to make use of the so-called compensation eye-pieces4 ,the achromatics and ,huyghenian eye-pieces are also well adapted to the requirements of photomicrography1 special objectives being unnecessary for this purpose4 ,this statement is substantiated by the excellent results obtained with our achromatic objectives1 as shown in the photomicrographs accompanying our brochure on ,photomicrography3--,anleitung zur ,mikrophotographie4 ,in making use of the higher power objectives--from ,no4 #e on--it should be remembered1 that the lenses are corrected for cover glasses of #j1ag mm in thickness and for a microscope tube-length of #agj mm4 ,when using the oil-immersion objectives it is particularly desirable1 that this exact tube length should be employed4 ,with a view to facilitate the adjustment of the tube-length the draw tubes of all our larger stands are graduated in millimeters1 the scale indicating the exact length of the microscope tube in any given position of the draw tube4 ,in this connection it should be remembered1 that the width of the collar of the nose-pieces is #ae millimeters1 and that consequently1 when a nose-piece is attached to the tube the reading of the draw tube scale should be #aee mm instead of #agj when the adjustment is proper4 ,illustration3 ,figure comparative merits of the dry and immersion systems4 ,the above sketch may serve to make clear the advantages of the immersion objectives over those of the dry series4 ,it is intended to represent diagrammatically a section through a cover-glass and the front lens of an objective1 one half of the figure representing the conditions present in the case of the ,oil-immersion1 the other those which are present in the dry objectives4 ,it will be noticed that by the interposition of a drop of oil of the same index of refraction as the glass between the cover-glass and the objective the refraction which occurs in the dry system when the light leaves the upper surface of the cover-glass is done away with4 ,since this second refraction is attended with much loss of light it must be evident1 that in the immersion system a much greater quantity of light enters the objective than is possible1 other things being equal1 in objectives of the dry system4 ,if we let u represent one half the angular aperture of an objective1 represented in the diagram by ,d',,bn in the case of the immersion1 and n the index of refraction of the medium interposed between the cover-glass and the objective we have in the formula n sin4 u a mathematical expression of the optic power of the various systems of lenses1 or in other words for what is designated the numerical aperture4 ,the following table gives the numerical apertures of objectives of the various systems and of various angular apertures4 ,in the dry system n41 representing the index of refraction of air is taken as #a4jj2 in the immersion systems n equals #a4cc for water1 #a4eb for cedar oil and #a4ff for monobromnaphthalin4 ,a glance at the table will suffice to show the great advantage which the immersion objectives have over those of the dry series4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ,angular #aj #bj #cj #dj #ej #fj #gj #hj #ij #ajjaajabjacjadj aperture #b u ,numerical apertures4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ,dry series #j1jij1ahj1bfj1cdj1dbj1ejj1egj1fdj1gaj1g gj1hbj1hgj1iaj1id n #a1jj ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ,water- ,immersion #j1abj1bdj1cej1dfj1efj1ffj1gfj1hej1ida1j ba1jia1aea1bja1be n #a1cc ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ,homogeneous ,oil-,immersion #j1adj1bfj1djj1ebj1fdj1gfj1hgj1iha1jga1a fa1bda1cba1cha1dc n #a1eb ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ,monobromide of ,naphthaline- ,immersion #j1aej1bij1dcj1egj1gjj1hcj1iea1jga1aga1b ga1cfa1dda1eja1ef n #a1ff ,illustration3 ,photographic objectives with iris diaphragms1 f_/#c4e -------------------------------- ,focal length mm #fd #db #ce #bd -------------------------------- ,price #bj #ah #ah #ah -------------------------------- ,objective #a;b4 ,it is designed principally for drawing extended sections and large specimens1 and consists of two adjustable doublets4 ,by varying their distance1 a changeable magnification down to two diameters may be obtained4 ,price #h4-- ,huyghenian ,eye-pieces4 ---------------------------------------- ------------- ,number #j ,i ,,ii ,,iii ,,iv ,v ---------------------------------------- ---------------- ,focal length mm #ej #dj #ce #cj #be #bj ---------------------------------------- ---------------- ,price of each eyepiece #b4jj4 ,the objectives designed for the ,edinger apparatus of #fd1 #db1 #ce1 and #bd mm focal distance have been found to be very useful for a number of purposes and have come into great favor4 7see4 ,dr4 ,kaiserling3 ,praktikum der wissenschaftlichen ,photographie p4 #bfc74 ,achromatic ,objectives4 ,numerical ,micrometer ,price ,no4 of ,objective,focal length ,aperture ,values 7num4 aper47 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- -------------------------- ,low power #a99dd mm 7#a-c_/d7 #j1ji #j1jed mm #ed #c4bea ,dry #a #dd mm 7#a-c_/d7 #j1ji #j1jed mm #ed #f ,series #a;a #ci-bg mm #j1jf--j1aj #ej--bf #aj 7adjustable mounting7 #b #cj mm 7#a-a_/d7 #j1ad #j1jbh mm #bh #f #c #ah mm 7#c_/d7 #j1bh #j1jae mm #af #f #d #h mm 7#a_/c7 #j1ee #j1jji mm #i #aj ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------- ,high power #e #e1h mm 7#a_/d7 #j1gg #j1jjde mm #d1e #aj #f #d1d mm 7#a_/f7 #j1hb #j1jjcd mm #c1e #ab 7,fluorite7 #f;a#d1d mm 7#a_/f7 #j1hb #j1jjcd mm #c1e #afb #g #c1b mm 7#a_/h7 #j1he #j1jjbf mm #b1f #ab 7,fluorite7 #g;a#c1b mm 7#a_/h7 #j1he #j1jjbf mm #b1f #afb #h #b1e mm 7#a_/aj7 #j1hg #j1jjbj mm #b1j #af #i #b1b mm 7#a_/ab7 #j1hg #j1jjag mm #a1g #bd ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------- ,water- ,immersion #ajb1b mm 7#a_/ab7 #a1aj #j1jjag mm #a1g #bf ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------- ,homogeneous#a_/ajb1e mm 7#a_/aj7 #a1cj #j1jjbb mm #b1b #cj ,oil- #a_/abb1a mm 7#a_/ab7 #a1cj #j1jjag mm #a1g #dj ,immersion #a_/afa1g mm 7#a_/af7 #a1cj #j1jjad mm #a1d #fj ,footnote #a3 ,objective #a99 consists of only one doublet1 carefully corrected4 ,it is sufficient for many purposes1 though it does not possess the same brilliancy of field as the ,no4 #a objective4 ,footnote #b3 ,the objectives #f;a4 and #g;a4 are better corrected in achromatism than the regular ,no4 #f and #g4 ,magnification of the ,achromatic and ,apochromatic ,objectives in combination with the ,huyghenian ,eye-pieces4 ,tube-length #agj mm4 ,distance of image #bej mm4 ,eye-pieces ,objectives ----------------------------------- ,objectives #j ,i ,,ii ,,iii ,,iv ,v ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------------------ #a99 #ab #ah #bb #bf #cj #dj #a #ab #ah #bb #bf #cj #dj ,low ,power #a;a #f-i #i-aeaa-aiac-baah-bibd-ce ,objectives #b #be #cc #dj #ej #fj #hj #c #de #fj #gj #hj #aje #acj #d #ge #ajj #aae #ace #ahj #bcj ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ,high ,power #e #adj #ahj #baj #bej #cbe #dbj ,objectives #f and #f;a #bjj #bee #cjj #cej #dfj #fjj ,achromatics 7,cover-glass #g and #g;a #bfj #cce #djj #dej #fjj #ghj thickness #h #cjj #djj #dej #eej #gjj #idj #j1ag mm7 #i #chj #ejj #ege #gjj #ijj #aaej ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ,water-,immersion #aj #dje #ece #faj #gde #iej #abjj ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ,homogeneous #a_/aj #caj #dae #dgj #ege #gcj #idj ,oil-,immersion #a_/ab #dce #eee #fej #hjj #ajjj #acjj #a_/af #ebj #gjj #hjj #iej #abej #afhj ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------------------ ,dry #af #de #fj #gj #he #aaj #adj ,lenses #h #ie #abe #ade #agj #bbe #bie ,apochromatics #d #baj #bgj #cae #cge #ejj #fce ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ,oil-,immersion #b #cij #eaj #ehe #gje #ibj #aahj ,apochromatic ,objectives4 ,objectives ,focal length,numerical,micrometer ,price mm ,aperture ,values ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---- #af #af #j1cj #j1jae mm #bd ,dry ,series #h #h #j1fe #j1jjg mm #cb #d #d #j1ie #j1jjc mm #dh with correction collar ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---- ,homogeneous #b #b #a1cj #j1jjb mm #ajj ,oil-,immersion ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---- ,compensation ,eye-pieces4 for ,apochromatic ,objectives4 ,eye-pieces #d #f #h #ab #ah ---------------------------------------- ---- ,price #f4ejf4ej #aj #aj #h ,compensation ,eye-piece #f with micrometer #h4ej ,magnification of the ,apochromatic ,objectives in combination with the ,compensation ,eye-pieces4 ,eye-pieces ,objectives ------------------------- #d #f #h #ab #ah ---------------------------------------- ----- #af #gj #ajj #abe #aee #bbe ,dry ,series #h #adj #bjj #bfj #cbe #dfe #d #cjj #dcj #eej #fge #ajjj ---------------------------------------- ----- ,oil-,immersion #b #ege #hbj #ajhj #aejj #bbej ,illustration3 ,double revolving ,eye-piece4 ,until very recently we have manufactured no arrangement for changing oculars on the microscope4 ,this was due in part to the fact that there was no great demand for such an accessory and in part to the clumsiness of all those revolving eye-pieces which changed the entire ocular4 ,the latter of these difficulties has been overcome in our present revolving eye-piece by such an adjustment of the collecting or lower lens of the eye-piece that it may remain permanently in position1 the eye lens of the combination alone moving in the revolver4 ,so accurate is the construction of the revolver and so carefully are the lenses adjusted that the eye-pieces may be changed while a specimen is in focus on the microscope stage without a readjustment of the focus4 ,the revolving eye-piece is also particularly well adapted to use as a micrometer ocular1 for when the eye lens is turned aside a micrometer scale may be inserted and rests upon the diaphragm of the eye-piece4 ,once adjusted in this way the micrometer values are the same for all the eye lenses of the combination4 ,prices3 ,double revolving ,eye-piece1 without eye lenses #d4-- ,each eye lens #a4be ,eye-piece ,micrometer1 ,no4 #hf #b4-- ,stands4 ,for the past thirty years division of labor has been employed to the utmost possible extent in the manufacture of our microscopes4 ,this principle has been applied to our machinery as well as to our workmen1 with the result that we have gradually accumulated a large plant of special machinery of the most accurate construction1 each machine especially adapted to the manufacture of some particular part of our microscopes4 ,by this development of mechanical appliances for microscope manufacture two ends have been attained3--,the greatest accuracy and uniformity of construction of our microscopes has been made possible1 while at the same time it has been possible to cheapen the cost of manufacture4 ,instruments which are the product of delicate machinery must always be more uniform1 more accurate and should be less costly than those manufactured by hand4 ,in the following remarks we refer more particularly to the larger microscope stands of our manufacture and draw attention to those parts which should be present in every well equipped microscope4 ,the elements of these microscopes are3 #a4 ,the foot and upright support with joint for inclination1 #b4 ,the stage1 #c4 ,the sub-stage1 with condenser1 iris diaphragm and mirror1 #d4 ,the body with the adjustments1 #e4 ,the tube1 carrying eye-piece1 nose-piece and objectives4 #a4 ,the foot and upright support are solid and are of such weight and shape as to permit inclination of the body of the microscope to a horizontal position4 ,the foot is horse-shoe shaped and is made to touch the table at three points1 thus insuring stability even on a surface which is not entirely level4 ,inclination of the body of the microscope is permitted by a joint in the upright1 which joint may be fastened in the larger stands by a set-screw operated by a lever4 ,stands ,ia and ,i,ib are also made with the ,english foot4 ,abundant space is left under the stage for the various attachments of the sub-stage4 #b4 ,the stage of ,stands ,a1 ,i1 ,ia and ,,ii is round1 revolving and centering4 ,the centering arrangement consists of two small thumb-screws so situated at the sides of the stage as to control motion of the stage in all directions1 thus to a limited extent serving the purpose of a mechanical stage4 ,the other microscope stands have square immovable stages1 sufficiently large for general microscopic work4 ,for the examination of very large sections two instruments are manufactured3 the ,nebelthau sliding microscope 7p4 #ej7 and the stand after ,dlken 7p4 #eb74 ,the former is for magnifications up to #abj diam1 whereas the latter can be used with any magnification4 #c4 ,the sub-stage carries a plane and concave mirror1 the condenser and the diaphragm for regulating the illumination of the object4 ,the ,condenser is so adjusted as to concentrate the rays of light about #b mm above its surface1 which is the average thickness of the microscopic slides1 under an angle equal to the angular aperture of the highest power objective1 which is about #abj4 ,in the lower power objectives the angular aperture is to be reduced by the iris diaphragm4 ,to focus the ,condenser properly it is adjustable by rack and pinion movement on ,stands ,a1 ,i1 ,ia1 ,ib1 and by side screw on ,stands ,,ii and ,i,ia4 #d4 ,the body of the microscope carries the tube and is fitted with two adjustments for focussing2 a coarse adjustment and a fine adjustment4 ,the smooth working of these adjustments is one of the chief requirements of a good microscope4 ,the coarse adjustment consists of rack and pinion and moves the tube of the microscope in a vertical groove with the least possible friction4 ,the teeth of the rack and pinion are set obliquely to the axis of the tube and are so adjusted that two teeth of each are always interlocked1 thus avoiding all possibility of slipping or loss of motion in the movement4 ,illustration3 ,figure of the ,micrometer-screw of the fine adjustment4 ,the fine adjustment consists of a micrometer screw which moves the tube and arm of the microscope supporting the coarse adjustment vertically upon a triangular column4 ,this column is virtually a continuation upward of the upright support of the base of the microscope4 ,around the column is a broad collar so accurately fitted that it moves smoothly upon it with a minimum of friction and still without lateral motion1 the movement being controlled by means of a micrometer screw at the top of the column4 ,the head of this micrometer screw1 a section of which is shown in the accompanying figure1 is milled and is graduated in such a way as to indicate the exact degree of motion of the microscope tube which is accomplished by turning the micrometer screw1 each division of the graduation corresponding to a motion of the tube through #a_/ajj millimeter1 and a complete revolution of the screw corresponding to a motion of the tube through millimeter4 ,the accuracy of this adjustment and the smoothness of its motion must be conceded to be a triumph of mechanical skill4 ,stands ,a4 and ,i4 are fitted with a new fine adjustment device 7one division on the micrometer screw corresponding to #a_/ajjj mm47 which is fully described on pages #be-bf4 #e4 ,the tube of the microscope encloses a second tube1 or draw-tube1 which latter carries the eye-piece1 and is so graduated as to indicate the exact length of tube in use at any time4 ,the lower end of the tube has a thread into which the various objectives or a nose-piece screw4 ,tube and objectives are provided with the so-called ,society screw4 ,the nose-piece has now become an almost indispensable part of a working microscope4 ,it can1 however1 be used to best advantage only on such stands as are provided with a coarse adjustment by rack and pinion4 ,aside from the advantage derived from the rapid changing of objectives1 which it permits1 it is so accurately made and centered as to materially facilitate the focussing of the various objectives4 ,it is only necessary to focus with the fine adjustment to obtain a view of the same microscope field which had been under observation before the change was made4 ,as it is necessary for this purpose that the objectives should be accurately adjusted to the nose-piece1 it is very desirable that in ordering an instrument its nose-piece should be ordered at the same time if one is to be used1 as subsequent ordering may necessitate the return of the stand and objectives to us4 ,stands ,a1 ,i1 ,ia1 ,ib1 ,,ii1 ,i,ia1 ,i,ib and ,,iii are those which are best suited to fine microscopical investigations4 ,among them the physician and bacteriologist will find an instrument entirely suited to his particular needs4 ,stand ,,iii is now provided with rack and pinion adjustment4 ,stands ,,iv and ,v are small instruments1 which serve nevertheless many purposes where the more elaborate outfits are unnecessary4 ,they make excellent laboratory stands for elementary courses in microscopy4 ,in ,stands ,,iv and ,v the coarse adjustment is by means of sliding tube4 ,they are all provided with fine adjustment by micrometer screw4 ,stand ,,vi is provided with rack and pinion adjustment only4 ,it has a large stage1 and is particularly intended for searching for trichinae and for similar examinations where a very strong durable stand is desired and where the use of high power objectives is unnecessary4 ,it may also be useful as an auxiliary stand for purposes of demonstration in laboratories4 ,stands ,,iii1 ,,iv1 ,v1 ,,vi have no joint for inclining the body4 ,stands ,a1 ,i1 ,ia1 ,ib1 ,,ii1 ,i,ia1 ,i,ib1 ,,iii1 ,,iv have mahogany cases 7provided with a nickelled handle71 in which the microscopes stand4 ,stands ,v and ,,vi are laid in mahogany boxes4 ,these cases are furnished with the microscopes without extra charge1 when a complete outfit1 including oculars and objectives is purchased4 ,object clamps and test objects accompany every microscope4 ,the objectives to ,stands ,a1 ,i1 ,ia1 ,ib1 ,,ii1 ,i,ia1 ,i,ib are in brass boxes2 those for ,stands ,,iii1 ,,iv1 ,v and ,,vi are in morocco cases4 ,illuminating ,apparatus4 a4 ,illuminating ,apparatus of ,stands ,a and ,i4 ,the apparatus includes the following parts3 ,cylinder iris diaphragm4 ,swing-out condenser4 ,diaphragm carrier with iris diaphragm4 ,plane and concave mirror4 ,the cylinder iris diaphragm comes into play when the condenser is swung out of position4 ,to do this the diaphragm carrier is turned to the side as shown in the diagram1 a small knob is pressed1 which liberates the condenser1 and the latter is swung out to the side4 ,the regulation of the cylinder iris diaphragm is accomplished by means of a lever4 ,before the condenser is swung back into position the cylinder iris should be opened to its fullest extent4 ,the lower iris diaphragm is for use in connection with the condenser only4 ,it is regulated by means of a small knob4 ,a horizontal rack and pinion arrangement permits oblique illumination1 and a vertical rack and pinion permits adjustment of the whole sub-stage4 ,by these means a most perfect control of the illumination of the object is assured4 ,ground or colored glass discs may be inserted above the iris diaphragm if modification of the light is desired4 #cj4-- ,this illuminating apparatus may also be fitted to ,stands ,ia and ,ib4 ,illustration3 ,abbe's ,illuminating ,apparatus for ,stand ,a and ,i4 ,swing-out ,condenser4 ,cylinder ,iris ,diaphragm4 b4 ,illuminating ,apparatus of ,stands ,ia and ,ib 7p4 #cj1 #cb1 #cd74 ,illustration ,the following are the parts of this apparatus3 ,cylinder diaphragm with #c stops of different apertures4 ,condenser4 ,diaphragm carrier with iris diaphragm4 ,plane and concave mirror4 ,to substitute the condenser for the cylinder diaphragm the diaphragm carrier is turned to the side and the cylinder diaphragm is drawn out of the sleeve which holds it in position and into which the condenser readily fits4 ,the diaphragm carrier is then turned back into position and the amount of light regulated by manipulating the knob controlling the size of the iris4 ,the whole sub-stage may be raised or lowered in the optical axis by means of a rack and pinion1 and a similar arrangement permits lateral illumination by moving the iris diaphragm in the horizontal plane4 ,ground glass and colored plates may be inserted above the iris diaphragm4 #bd4-- c4 ,illuminating ,apparatus for ,stand ,,ii and ,i,ia 7p4 #cf #ch74 ,the condenser and iris diaphragm form one piece1 giving central but no oblique illumination4 ,the whole apparatus may be raised and lowered in the optical axis by means of a screw4 ,the cylinder diaphragm may be inserted in place of the condenser4 ,a ring below the iris diaphragm permits the insertion of glass discs for the purpose of modifying the light4 #ab4-- d4 ,illuminating apparatus for ,stand ,i,ib 7p4 #dj74 ,the same as for ,,ii and ,i,ia fitted in a fixed sleeve2 without the side-screw4 #aj4-- e4 ,small ,illuminating ,apparatus4 ,illustration3 ,small ,illuminating ,apparatus4 ,the small illuminating apparatus consists of a somewhat smaller condenser with iris diaphragm and can be adjusted to the ,stand ,,iv1 when it has the cylinder diaphragm4 #h4-- ,illustration3 ,cylinder iris diaphragm4 ,a cylinder iris diaphragm can be furnished in place of the ordinary cylinder diaphragm of ,stand ,,ii1 ,i,ia and ,i,ib at an additional cost of #f4-- ,illustration3 ,iris diaphragm fitted to stage of stand ,,iii4 ,stand ,,iii can be had with iris diaphragm fitted in stage1 in place of the wheel diaphragm 7see page #dc7 ,additional price #f4-- ,complete ,microscope ,outfits4 ,the outfits comprised in the following pages are made up with achromatic objectives1 which suffice for all ordinary needs4 ,we are glad to supply any other combination of eye-pieces and objectives which may be preferred4 ,the price of each outfit may be readily computed by adding together the cost of its various items4 ,microscope stands1 without objectives1 will not be sold separately4 ,illustration3 ,stand ,a4--,universal ,microscope4 ,stand ,a4 ,universal ,microscope4 ,in the construction of our new stand ,a we have taken special care to enlarge all the parts proportionately in order to secure strength and stability1 at the same time adding to the beauty of the instrument4 ,the upper pillar of the microscope is shaped in such a way as to form a convenient handle2 and to increase the free working space over the stage1 thereby allowing the examination of very large specimen and culture plates4 ,a specially constructed mechanical stage larger than ,no4 #ih may be attached1 which is adapted for slides up to #bd inches 7#ejajj mm74 ,the extra large dimensions of all the main parts of this microscope such as the base and stage etc41 allow that freedom of movement so desired in a stand for photo-micrography4 ,both the body tube and graduated draw tube are very wide and permit the use of low power objectives to cover specimen of large extent2 for the same reason the opening in the stage is very wide but can be narrowed down by a stop4 ,the most important innovation on the microscope is the new fine adjustment device1 which is unexcelled both in solidity of construction and accuracy of movement1 representing the highest attainment of the designers and mechanics skill4 ,sectional cuts of this unique arrangement are shown in illustration 7p4 #bf-bg74 ,all that can be seen on the exterior are two small milled heads mounted below and somewhat back of the two larger knobs controlling the rack and pinion 7coarse7 adjustment of the microscope4 ,the knob on the right side is provided with a graduated drum r1 indicating the movement of the fine adjustment4 ,the two knobs with drum are mounted on an axle a1 which in its central portion is enlarged and provided with a worm gear4 ,the latter in its turn drives the gear wheel1 d4 ,a spiral spring pressing against one of the journals into which the axle is mounted prevents any lost motion in the worm gear4 ,mounted on the same shaft with the gear-wheel d1 is a heartshaped cam f4 ,on this cam rests the steel roller g1 fitted on the support k1 which in its turn carries the microscope tube4 ,by its weight and a spiral spring the latter presses on the cam f1 and effects a direct vertical movement4 ,illustration ,the periphery of the heart shaped cam f1 is exactly symmetrical and mathematically correct4 ,the distance traversed by its curved sides from the lowest to the highest point and vice versa is #c mm4 ,there are cut #fj teeth in the entire periphery of the gear-wheel d2 the number corresponding to one side of the heart-shaped cam or #c mm elevation1 are #cj teeth1 therefore #a tooth means a movement of #c_/cj mm or #j1a mm4 ,this in turn requires one complete revolution of the axle a1 the drum of which is graduated into #ajj parts4 ,the value of each division on the drum is therefore #j1a_/ajjj1jja mm4 ,this micrometer fine adjustment is exceedingly accurate and reliable1 and besides it has the following advantages2 ,by virtue of its unique construction the movement is continuous1 there is absolutely no limit to the motion of the micrometer screw1 which may be turned forward or backward as the work requires4 ,this movement extends in exact ratio to the revolution of the cam for a distance of #c mm4 ,as another advantage we may mention1 that it is almost impossible to break the coverglass of the specimen with this fine adjustment4 ,should the objective come in contact with the coverglass and assuming the knob is turned still further then the tube1 which is of aluminium and very light would simply rest on the specimen1 without breaking the coverglass1 as the latter will easily stand the small pressure of the tube and the fine spiral spring4 ,illustration ,no4 #a4 ,new microscope stand ,a inclinable with hinged joint and clamping lever1 fitted with round revolving centering stage1 coarse adjustment by rack and pinion1 new fine adjustment by micrometer-screw 7each division #a_/ajjj mm47 ,wide tube1 draw tube with millimeter scale4 ,large illuminating apparatus with swing-out condenser and cylinder-iris diaphragm #abj4-- ,apochr4 #af1 #h1 #d1 oil-imm4 #b mm4 ,n4 ,a4 #a1cj #bjd4-- ,compens4 ocular #d1 #h1 #ab1 #ah #cd4ej ,compens4 ocular ,no4 #f with micrometer and drawing ocular ,no4 #ic #ah4ej ,large mechanical stage ,no4 #ii1 for object slides up to #bd inches #cb4-- ,triple nose-piece #h4-- ------------ ,magnif4 #gj--bbej4 #dag4-- #b4 ,the same stand and illum4 apparatus2 ,object43 #b1 #d1 #f1 oil-imm4 #a_/ab1 ,n4 ,a4 #a1cj ,ocul4 #j4 ,i4 ,,iii4 ,,iv4 ,v4 microm4 ocul4 ,,ii4 ,triple nosepiece #baj4-- ,illustration3 ,stand ,i4 ,stand ,i4 #c4 ,large microscope1 inclinable1 with hinged joint and clamping lever and fitted with round revolving centering stage4 ,coarse adjustment by rack and pinion1 new fine adjustment by micrometer-screw1 the head of which is graduated each division #a_/ajjj mm4 ,draw-tube with 7see page #be-bf7 millimetre scale4 ,large illuminating apparatus with swing-out condenser and cylinder iris diaphragm 7illustrated on page #ba74 ,mechanical stage1 ,no4 #ih4 ,triple nose-piece4 ,drawing eye-piece1 ,no4 #ic4 ,micrometer eye-piece1 ,no4 #hd4 ,achromatic objectives ,nos4 #a1 #c1 #f4 ,oil-,immersion #a_/ab1 ,n4 ,a4 #a1cj4 ,eye-pieces #j1 ,i1 ,,iii1 ,,iv1 ,v4 ,magnifications #ab--acjj #bcf4-- #d4 ,the same stand and illuminating apparatus4 ,triple nose-piece4 ,micrometer eye-piece1 ,no4 #hd4 ,drawing eye-piece1 ,no4 #ic4 ,objectives #b1 #d1 #f1 ,oil-,immersion #a_/ab1 ,n4 ,a4 #a1cj4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii1 ,,iv1 ,v4 ,magnifications #cc-acjj #baj4-- ,the stand and illuminating apparatus without objectives1 oculars and nose-piece #aab4-- ,illustration3 ,stand ,ia4 ,stand ,ia4 #d;a4 ,large ,microscope1 of smaller size than ,stand ,i1 fitted with horseshoe foot4 ,the stand is inclinable and fitted with revolving centering stage1 coarse adjustment by rack and pinion1 fine adjustment by micrometer screw with scale4 ,draw-tube with millimetre scale4 ,large ,illuminating ,apparatus 7,cf4 p4 #bb1 b7 with rack and pinion1 and iris-diaphragm with oblique movement4 ,the cylinder-diaphragm and condenser may be readily substituted for one another4 ,triple nose-piece4 ,objectives #b1 #d1 #f1 ,oil-,immersion #a_/ab1 ,n4 ,a4 #a1cj4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii1 ,,iv1 ,v4 ,magnifications #cc-acjj #afj4-- #d;b4 ,the same with ,illuminating ,apparatus4 ,triple nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #f1 ,oil-,immersion #a_/ab1 ,n4 ,a4 #a1cj4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii1 ,,iv4 ,magnifications #fj-ajjj #adh4-- #d;c4 ,the same with ,illuminating ,apparatus4 ,triple nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #f1 ,oil-,immersion #a_/aj1 ,n4 ,a4 #a1cj4 ,eye-pieces ,,ii and ,,iv4 ,magnifications #gj-gcj #acf4-- ,stand with ,illuminating ,apparatus1 but without objectives1 eye-pieces and nose-piece #gf4-- ,the same with ,illuminating ,apparatus1 ,swing-out ,condenser and ,cylinder ,iris-diaphragm 7p4 #bj1 a7 #hb4-- ,mechanical stage ,no4 #ih can be fitted to this stand2 price #bh4-- ,illustration3 ,stand ,ia with ,english foot4 ,stand ,ia with ,english foot4 #d;d4 ,large ,microscope differing from the foregoing 7,ia7 stand only in being provided with an ,english foot1 which makes the stand somewhat steadier and lighter4 ,the prices and combinations are otherwise the same4 ,dr4 ,p4 ,g4 ,unna of ,hamburg uses this microscope in his laboratory4 ,the stage revolves and centres4 ,the illuminating apparatus is that described on p4 #bb1 b4 ,triple nose-piece4 ,objectives #b1 #d1 #f1 ,oil-,immersion #a_/ab1 ,n4 ,a4 #a1cj4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii1 ,,iv1 ,v4 ,magnifications #cc--acjj #afj4-- #d;e4 ,the same with the illuminating apparatus4 ,triple nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #f1 ,oil-,immersion #a_/ab1 ,n4 ,a4 #a1cj4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii1 ,,iv4 ,magnifications #fj--ajjj #adh4-- #d;f4 ,the same with illuminating apparatus4 ,triple nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #f1 ,oil-,immersion #a_/aj1 ,n4 ,a4 #a1cj4 ,eye-pieces ,,ii1 ,,iv4 ,magnifications #gj--gcj #acf4-- ,the stand with illuminating apparatus1 but without objectives1 oculars and nose-piece #gf4-- ,the stand with swing-out condenser 7p4 #bj1 a7 #hb4-- ,mechanical stage ,no4 #ih can be fitted to this stand2 price #bh4-- ,illustration3 ,stand ,ib4 ,stand ,ib4 #e4 ,large ,microscope1 which differs from ,ia only in the stage4 ,the stage is fixed and square4 ,the stand is inclinable and has a hinged joint and clamping lever4 ,draw-tube with millimetre scale4 ,coarse adjustment by rack and pinion1 fine adjustment by micrometer screw with graduated head4 ,illuminating ,apparatus1 same as ,ia 7p4 #bb1 b74 ,triple nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #f1 ,oil-,immersion #a_/ab1 ,n4 ,a4 #a1cj4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii1 ,,iv4 ,magnifications #fj--ajjj #adb4-- #f4 ,the same with simplified ,illuminating ,apparatus 7p4 #bb1 c74 ,triple nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #f1 ,oil-,immersion #a_/aj1 ,n4 ,a4 #a1cj4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii1 ,,iv4 ,magnifications #fj--gcj #abj4-- #g4 ,the same without ,illuminating ,apparatus1 with ,cylinder-diaphragm4 ,double nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #g4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,magnifications #fj--dej #gd4-- #h4 ,the same without ,illuminating ,apparatus and without nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #g4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,magnifications #fj--dej #fh4-- ,stand without objectives and eye-pieces1 without illuminating apparatus and without nose-piece #df4-- ,stand without objectives and eye-pieces1 with illuminating apparatus1 without nose-piece #gj4-- ,the same with illuminating apparatus1 with swing-out condenser and cylinder iris-diaphragm 7p4 #bb a7 #gf4-- ,illustration3 ,stand ,,ii4 ,stand ,,ii4 #i;a4 ,medium ,size ,microscope1 inclinable1 with revolving centering vulcanite stage1 coarse adjustment by rack and pinion1 fine adjustment by micrometer-screw4 ,draw-tube with millimetre scale4 ,illuminating apparatus and iris- diaphragm with lateral screw for raising and lowering4 ,a ring under the iris diaphragm serves to hold a ground glass or colored disc4 ,the illuminating apparatus and cylinder diaphragm are easily interchangeable4 ,triple nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #f1 ,oil-,immersion #a_/ab1 ,n4 ,a4 #a1cj4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii1 ,,iv4 ,magnifications #fj--ajjj #abf4-- #i;b4 ,the same with ,illuminating ,apparatus4 ,triple nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #f1 ,oil-,immersion #a_/aj1 ,n4 ,a4 #a1cj4 ,eye-pieces ,,ii1 ,,iv4 ,magnifications #gj--gcj #aad4-- #i;c4 ,the same without ,illuminating ,apparatus4 ,triple nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #f1 #h4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,magnifications #fj--eej #ij4-- #i;d4 ,the same without ,illuminating ,apparatus4 ,double nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #g4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,magnifications #fj--dej #gb4-- #i;e4 ,the same without ,illuminating ,apparatus and nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #g4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,magnifications #fj--dej #ff4-- ,stand with ,illuminating ,apparatus and ,iris-diaphragm1 without objectives1 eye-pieces and nose-piece4 #ed4-- ,the same stand with ,cylinder ,diaphragm #dd4-- ,stand with illuminating apparatus1 swing-out condenser and cylinder iris diaphragm #fj4-- ,cylinder iris diaphragm 7,cf4 p4 #bc7 #f4-- ,illustration3 ,stand ,i,ia4 ,stand ,i,ia4 #i4 ,medium ,size ,microscope1 inclinable1 coarse adjustment by rack and pinion1 fine adjustment by micrometer-screw4 ,draw-tube with millimetre scale4 ,illuminating apparatus and iris-diaphragm with lateral screw for raising and lowering4 ,a ring under the iris diaphragm serves to hold a ground glass or colored disc4 ,the illuminating apparatus and cylinder diaphragm are easily interchangeable4 ,triple nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #f1 ,oil-,immersion #a_/ab1 ,n4 ,a4 #a1cj4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii1 ,,iv4 ,magnifications #fj--ajjj #abj4-- #aj4 ,the same with ,illuminating ,apparatus4 ,triple nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #f1 ,oil-,immersion #a_/aj1 ,n4 ,a4 #a1cj4 ,eye-pieces ,,ii1 ,,iv4 ,magnifications #gj--gcj #ajh4-- #aa4 ,the same without ,illuminating-,apparatus4 ,triple nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #f1 #h4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,magnifications #fj--eej #hd4-- #ab4 ,the same without ,illuminating ,apparatus4 ,double nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #g4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,magnifications #fj--dej #ff4-- #ac4 ,the same without ,illuminating ,apparatus and nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #g4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,magnifications #fj--dej #fj4-- ,stand with ,illuminating ,apparatus and ,iris-diaphragm1 without objectives1 eye-pieces and nose-piece #dh4-- ,the same stand with ,cylinder ,diaphragm #ch4-- ,cylinder iris-diaphragm 7,cf4 p4 #bc7 #f4-- ,illustration3 ,stand ,i,ib4 ,stand ,i,ib4 #ad;a4 ,medium ,size ,microscope1 stand inclinable to the extent of #de1 tripod foot1 coarse adjustment by rack and pinion1 fine adjustment by micrometer screw4 ,draw-tube with millimetre scale4 ,illuminating ,apparatus and ,iris-diaphragm permanently connected and sliding in a sleeve underneath the stage4 ,the cylinder-diaphragm is used in the same manner4 ,a ring below the iris-diaphragm serves to hold a ground glass or colored disc4 ,triple nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #f1 ,oil-,immersion #a_/ab1 ,n4 ,a4 #a1cj4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii1 ,,iv4 ,magnifications #fj--ajjj #ajd4-- #ad;b4 ,the same with ,illuminating ,apparatus4 ,triple nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #f1 #h4 ,eye-pieces ,,ii1 ,,iv4 ,magnifications #gj--gjj #gh4-- #ae;a4 ,the same without ,illuminating ,apparatus4 ,double nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #g4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,magnifications #fj--dej #ej4-- #ae;b4 ,the same without ,illuminating ,apparatus and nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #g4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,magnifications #he--dej #dd4-- ,stand with ,illuminating ,apparatus and ,iris-diaphragm #cb4-- ,stand with ,cylinder or ,wheel-diaphragm #bb4-- ,cylinder iris-diaphragm 7p4 #bc7 #f4-- ,for the addition to this microscope of a lateral screw for raising and lowering the illuminating apparatus as on ,stand ,i,ia1 an extra charge of #b4-- is made4 ,illustration3 ,stand ,,iii4 ,stand ,,iii4 ,stand ,,iii is now provided with rack and pinion coarse adjustment instead of sliding tube4 ,in consequence a nose-piece can be used on it to better advantage4 ,it will be found an excellent laboratory stand at low price4 #af;a4 ,medium ,size ,microscope1 non-inclinable stand1 coarse adjustment by rack and pinion1 fine adjustment by micrometer-screw4 ,the draw-tube has a millimetre scale4 ,plane and concave mirror4 ,wheel-diaphragm4 ,triple nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #f1 #h4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,magnifications #fj--eej #ff4-- #af;b4 ,the same without nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #f1 #h4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,magnifications #fj--eej #eh4-- #ag;a4 ,the same1 with double nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #g4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,magnifications #fj--dej #dh4-- #ag;b4 ,the same without nose-piece4 ,objectives #c1 #g4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,magnifications #fj--dej #db4-- ,stand with wheel-diaphragm #bj4-- ,this stand can be supplied with iris diaphragm in stage 7see illustration p4 #bc7 instead of wheel-diaphragm4 ,stand with iris diaphragm #bf4-- ,illustration3 ,stand ,,iv4 ,stand ,,iv4 ,the dimensions of this stand are now larger than formerly4 ,the price has not been changed4 #ah4 ,small ,microscope4 ,adjustable by sliding tube and micrometer-screw4 ,the draw-tube is graduated in millimeters4 ,cylinder-diaphragm with sliding sleeve4 ,concave and plane mirrors1 obliquely adjustable4 ,objectives #c1 #f1 #h4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,magnifications #fj--eej #eb4-- #ai4 ,the same4 ,objectives #c1 #g4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,magnifications #fj-dej #cf4-- #bj4 ,the same without ,cylinder ,diaphragm1 with ,wheel ,diaphragm4 ,objectives #c1 #e1 #g4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,magnifications #fj--dej #dd4-- #ba4 ,the same4 ,objectives #a1 #c1 #g4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,magnifications #ah--dej #dj4-- #bb4 ,the same4 ,objectives #c1 #g4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,magnifications #fj--dej #cd4-- ,stand with cylinder-diaphragm1 without objectives and eye-pieces #ad4-- ,stand with wheel-diaphragm1 without objectives and eye-pieces #ab4-- ,illustration3 ,stand ,v4 ,stand ,v4 #bc4 ,small ,microscope4 ,adjustable by sliding tube and micrometer-screw4 ,concave mirror4 ,objectives #c1 #g4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,magnifications #fj--dej #cj4-- #bd4 ,the same4 ,objectives #c1 #e4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,magnifications #fj--bej #bh4-- #be4 ,the same4 ,plane mirror4 ,objectives #a1 #c4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,magnifications #ah--hj #bd4-- #bf4 ,the same4 ,objectives #c4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iv4 ,magnifications #fj--aje #ah4-- #bg4 ,stand without objectives and eye-pieces #h4-- ,illustration3 ,stand ,,vi4 #bh4 ,auxiliary ,laboratory ,stand1 for the examination of trichinae and for searching plate cultures4 ,very large stage 7#c-a_/bd inch474 ,adjustable by means of a carefully constructed rack and pinion1 rendering it possible to focus objectives of fairly high power4 ,stand1 without eye-pieces1 objectives or case #h4-- #bi4 ,this stand fitted with objective #c1 eye-pieces #j and ,,iv4 ,magnifications #dj to #ajj1 in mahogany case fitted with lock #ah4-- #bi;a4 ,the same stand fitted with eye-piece ,,ii and objective having separable front lens1 yielding a magnification of #dj and #ajj diam #ah4-- ,glass compressor with graduation --4#hj ,glass compressor without graduation1 per pair --4#dj ,demonstration microscope4 ,illustration3 ,demonstration microscope with condenser4 #cj;a4 ,adapted for low and medium power4 ,square stage with wheel-diaphragm4 ,adjustment by sliding tube2 after being adjusted the tube may be fixed by a ring clamp4 ,detachable handle4 ,with clip to hold a sketch or label1 etc4 ,stand without objective and eye-piece4 #f4-- #cj;b4 ,the same with objective #c and eye-piece ,i1 magnifying #fj times #ad4-- #cj;c4 ,the same with adjusting screw for focussing high power objectives1 with condenser and iris-diaphragm1 without objectives and eye-pieces #ah4-- #cj;d4 ,the same with objectives #c and #f and eye-piece ,i4 ,magnifications #fj and #bee #ch4-- ,illustration3 ,nebelthau's ,sliding ,microscope4 ,nebelthau's ,sliding ,microscope4 7,cf4 ,zeitschrift fr wissenschaftliche ,mikroskopie1 ,,xiii1 #ahif47 #ca4 ,the sliding microscope is an instrument by means of which very large microscope sections1 as1 for example1 large sections of the brain1 can be systematically examined4 ,it is also of service in looking over plate cultures of bacteria4 ,the microscope is carried on a heavy beam supported by two stout pillars under which the stage moves4 ,the various movements are accomplished by motion of the microscope on a lateral track upon its support and by motion of the stage on a similar track at right angles to the first4 ,the motion of the microscope is by means of a screw1 that of the stage by double rack and pinion4 ,the extent of the movements is indicated in each case by a scale1 thus permitting the systematic examination of the entire specimen4 ,the stage consists of a glass plate1 measuring #afbj cm1 which is carried in a frame supported on four columns4 ,the tracks permit a motion of the microscope of #ah cm and of the stage of #ac1e cm4 ,a mirror under the stage affords ample illumination4 ,the microscope tube is so arranged that it can be easily removed from the stand and a simple lens substituted for it4 ,the coarse adjustment of the microscope is by rack and pinion4 ,a screw above the objective serves for fine adjustment4 ,the price of this sliding microscope1 without objectives or oculars1 but with a lens holder and simple lens magnifying eight diameters is #hj4-- ,flat glass dish of the same size as the stage to hold very large sections for the purpose of examining them while in clearing fluid #a4be ,illustration3 ,dlken's ,microscope stand4 #cb4 ,dlken's ,stand4 7p4 #eb7 ,the stand is larger than ,stand ,no4 ,ia1 but is modified as shown in the cut so as to permit the examination of unusually large preparations4 ,it is provided with the illuminating apparatus b 7p4 #bb7 and with all the adjustments necessary to the use of high powers4 ,stand and illuminating apparatus1 without nose-piece #hj4-- ,illustration3 ,travelling ,microscope ,no4 #cc4 #cc4 ,travelling ,microscope4 ,this microscope is ready for use after spreading the foot1 drawing out the tube and setting the mirror and stage in position4 ,it is provided with all the adjustments of ,stand ,no4 ,v1 consisting of fine adjustment by micrometer-screw1 coarse adjustment by rack and pinion and illuminating apparatus d 7p4 #bb74 ,the box is arranged so as to accommodate three objectives and two oculars4 ,it locks1 has a handle1 and measures #beaeg cm1 the whole apparatus weighing #e pounds4 ,price of this microscope with illuminating apparatus1 but without objectives or oculars #cb4-- ,the same1 without illuminating apparatus #bd4-- ,illustration3 ,large ,travelling ,microscope ,no4 #cd4 7,size of mahogany case #bhaih cm47 ,this instrument 7in size like the ,ib47 combines all the essential features of a large laboratory microscope with a folding stand4 ,it will be found invaluable on scientific expeditions1 for research work etc4 ,when lifted out of the case1 spread the two parts forming the base1 which are then held by a spring-catch4 ,after raising the tube1 turn the stage around and tighten it by means of a lever4 ,it is supplied with large ,abbe condenser and ,iris diaphragm adjustable by side screw4 ,coarse adjustment by rack and pinion1 fine adjustment by micrometer-screw4 ,graduated draw-tube4 ,the stand has joint for inclination4 ,illustration3 ,large travelling microscope ,no4 #cd 7set up74 #cd4 ,stand with ,abbe ,condenser and ,iris-,diaphragm1 double nose-piece #ff4-- #ce4 ,the same1 with objectives #c1 #f1 ,oil-,immersion #a_/ab1 ,n4 ,a4 #a1cj4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,magnifications #fj--hjj #abh4-- ,illustration3 ,horizontal-,microscope4 #cf4 ,horizontal ,microscope4 ,this instrument consists of a microscope tube placed horizontally on a long extensible column1 supported in turn by a tripod base provided with levelling screws and a round spirit level4 ,the extension of the upright supporting column is accomplished by two sliding motions1 the lower1 controlled by a set screw only1 being intended for coarser adjustments1 the upper1 controlled by rack and pinion1 for finer adjustments4 ,a millimeter scale and a vernier serve to indicate the degrees of the various motions1 so that vertical motion of the microscope tube to the extent of #a_/aj mm may be accomplished4 ,the microscope tube carries a spirit level and revolves upon a horizontal disc4 ,the objective1 consisting of two separable doublets1 permits three degrees of magnification of #e1 #i and #dh cm focal distance respectively4 ,a rack and pinion adjustment serves as adjustment of the microscope tube4 ,a micrometer1 #a cm long and divided into #ajj1 in the diaphragm of the ocular still further increases the availability of the instrument for making fine and accurate measurements4 ,the instrument serves as a useful aid in many physical and physiological investigations4 ,price1 including objective1 ocular and micrometer #dj4-- ,microscopes for ,mineralogical ,research4 ,we construct two ,microscopes for mineralogical investigations4 ,both are adapted for determining the axes of elasticity and for the differentiation of isotropic and anisotropic bodies4 ,stand ,i alone is adapted for determining the optical axes and their angles4 ,only such objectives1 condensers and oculars are available for mineralogical examinations as have been shown after careful examination in polarized light to be free from polarization4 ,illustration3 ,mineralogical ,stand ,i4 ,mineralogical ,stand ,i4 #cg4 ,this microscope corresponds in its dimensions to ,stand ,ia as described on page #ca4 ,coarse adjustment by rack and pinion1 fine adjustment by micrometer-screw1 the milled head of which has #ej divisions1 each representing a motion of the objective of #a_/ajj mm4 ,the condenser1 iris-diaphragm and polarizer can be raised and lowered by rack and pinion4 ,a triple condenser facilitates the observation of the axial lines in the microscope4 ,it is so arranged as to be easily replaced by a simple diaphragm-carrier4 ,by means of a collar attached to the end of the tube the objective is brought into coincidence with the centre of the revolving stage4 ,this revolving stage is divided into #cfj degrees and fitted with a vernier and index4 ,two scales on the stage1 at right angles to each other1 permit accurate location of specimens4 ,the ,nicol prism1 which serves as a polarizer1 can1 after turning the iris-diaphragm aside1 be drawn out from under the latter4 ,the zero position of the ,nicol prism is indicated by a line1 as well as the angles #ij1 #ahj1 #bgj4 ,the analyser is mounted in metal and is firmly fixed above the eye- piece4 ,the analyser rotates on a disc graduated to #cfj deg4 ,the front of the tube has a movable window which provides access to the inner tube4 ,in the latter is an opening for the introduction of a ,bertrand lens4 ,this lens serves the purpose of magnifying the interference figures produced by the converging rays of polarized light4 ,this lens and the eye-piece can be raised or lowered by rack and pinion4 ,in the analyzer is a slide for the insertion of gypsum and quartz plates at an angle of #de degrees4 ,in many investigations it is advisable to employ an analyzer introduced laterally into the tube1 instead of the one mentioned above4 ,the following parts are supplied to complete the outfit3 ,triple nose-piece4 ,eye-piece #j1 with ,bertrand's quartered quartz plate4 ,eye-piece ,i with cross-lines1 ,brezina's ,calcspath-plate1 cleft perpendicularly to its axis1 made to fit over eye-piece ,i1 ,klein's gypsum and quartz plates for insertion in the opening over the objective4 ,price of the stand with these accessories #afj4-- #ch4 ,the same with eye-piece ,,iii1 objectives #a1 #c1 #e1 #g4 #a_/ab ,oil-,immersion1 magnifications #ah--hjj #bcf4-- ,the new mechanical stage ,no4 #ih 7,see page #gh7 can be fitted to the stand for the purpose of investigating large preparations and serial sections4 ,price #bh4-- ,illustration3 ,mineralogical ,stand ,,ii4 ,mineralogical ,stand ,,ii4 #ci4 ,the base and pillar are in one piece1 neatly japanned black4 ,the coarse adjustment is by rack and pinion4 ,the stage is revolving and graduated on the edge into #cfj degrees4 ,a pointer indicates its position4 ,the polarizer has stop at zeropoint and also marks at #ij1 #ahj and #bgj4 ,it is held in a spring-sleeve and the substage can be raised and lowered by lateral screw1 or may be swung to one side4 ,the condenser is mounted in separate arm above the polarizer and swings out of the optical axis by means of a lever1 if parallel instead of convergent rays are desired4 ,the analyzer fits into an opening of the tube above the objectives and can be instantly thrown in or out of the optical axis4 ,there is a slot below the analyzer for the insertion of quartz and gypsum plates4 ,by means of a collar with two centering screws attached to the end of the tube1 the objective may be brought into the optical axis4 ,price of this microscope with eye-piece ,i with cross-lines1 ,klein's quartz wedge and gypsum plate1 red1 ,i4 order #ef4-- #dj4 ,the same with eye-piece ,,iii4 and objectives #c and #e4 ,magnifications #fj-bej #gd4-- ,dissecting ,microscopes and ,hand ,lenses4 ,illustration3 ,large ,dissecting ,microscope ,no4 #da4 #da4 ,large ,dissecting ,microscope4 ,stand on heavy horse-shoe base1 large stage with glass plate1 adjustment by rack and pinion4 ,the lens-carrier is movable for examining large plates4 ,illumination by movable plane mirror and white glass plate4 ,metal hand- rests covered with leather may be attached to the sides of the stage4 ,they fit inside the mahogany case4 ,a black metal plate with wheel-diaphragm or a milk- glass-plate can be inserted below the stage1 serving as dark or white back-ground respectively4 ,stand without lenses in mahogany case #af4-- #db4 ,the same with three aplanatic lenses after ,steinheil1 magnifying #h1 #af and #bj diameters #bh4-- #dc4 ,the same with these lenses and ,abbe's drawing apparatus #dj4-- #dd4 ,the same stand with prism-tube ,no4 #di for erected image4 ,objectives #a991 #b1 #c1 magnifying #ah1 #dj and #hj diam4 #dg4be ,illustration3 ,simple ,dissecting ,microscope ,no4 #de4 #de4 ,simple ,dissecting ,microscope1 with adjustment by rack and pinion1 movable plane mirror and white glass plate1 glass stage in metal frame4 ,metal hand-rests covered with leather fit inside the case4 ,stand without lenses #h4-- #df4 ,the same with two aplanatic lenses after ,steinheil1 ,magnification #aj and #bj diam4 #af4-- #dg4 ,the same stand with prism-tube ,no4 #di1 for erected image2 with objectives #b and #c1 magnifying #dj and #hj diam4 #cf4-- ,illustration3 ,dissecting microscope with erected image after ,r4 ,pfeiffer4 ,the ,dissecting microscope with erected image according to ,prof4 ,r4 ,pfeiffer has been constructed in such a way that all parts extending on both sides can be folded or turned1 so that the instrument fits in a very small case4 ,the base consists of two parts which may be folded4 ,the stage can be brought in a position vertical to the optical axis and the metal hand rests laid on top of the stage4 ,they are connected with the latter by joints4 ,the mirror can also be turned and put parallel to the pillar4 ,a round glassplate is set in the stage1 below which is an iris diaphragm to properly regulate the illumination4 ,the adjustment is by rack and pinion4 ,two rightangle prisms are mounted inside the tube in such a manner that the image obtained by the objective is reflected into the eye-piece and appears erected4 ,the eye-piece is of the ,ramsden form4 ,three objectives of different magnifying power with specially long working-distances have been constructed ,nos4 #a1 #b1 #c4 ,the following table shows the magnification of the objectives in connection with the eye-piece4 ,objective #a #b #c ,magnification #ah #dj #hj diam4 ,working distance #eh mm #ah mm #f mm ,prices3 #dh4 ,folding dissecting microscope1 stand only #bd4-- #di4 ,upper part of the microscope1 consisting of tube with prisms1 and one eye-piece #af4-- #ej4 ,objectives #a1 #b1 #c1 a #f1jj #ah4-- --------- #ea4 ,stand with complete outfit #eh4-- ,the instrument is furnished in a mahogany case with nickelplated handle1 lock and key4 ,illustration3 ,no4 #eb4 ,no4 #ec4 ,no4 #ed4 ,lens-holders4 #eb4 ,lens-holder on iron foot with moveable arms1 the joints of which may be fixed by thumb-screws1 rack and pinion adjustment--without lens #g4bj #ec4 ,lens-holder1 nickel-plated stand with attachment of the collar holding the lens by ball and socket joint #d4-- #ed4 ,lens-holder on heavy iron foot1 ball and socket joints1 adjustable to any position--without lens #c4be #ee4 ,pocket microscope4 ,the size of an eye-piece1 in box #c4be #ef4 ,lens for examining ,algae #a4be ,illustration3 ,dissecting ,stage ,no4 #eg4 ,with ,lens ,no4 #ga4 #eg4 ,dissecting ,stage with white glass plate and moveable lens-holder--without lens #b4-- #eh4 ,the same with lens ,no4 #ga #c4be ,illustration3 ,simple ,dissecting ,microscope ,no4 #eh;a4 #eh;a4 ,simple ,dissecting ,microscope1 consisting of a wood case with plate glass stage1 movable plane mirror1 two simple lenses of #d and #h times magnification4 ,price #b4-- #eh;b4 ,the same with metal hand rests1 moveable lens-holder and doublet magnifier ,no4 #ga1 ,price #c4ej ,illustration3 ,demonstration lens-holder ,no4 #ei4 ,focussing-lens ,handle ,no4 #fa4 ,no4 #fj4 #ei4 ,demonstration lens-holder1 consisting of a hardrubber stage with handle1 clamps for holding the preparation in position1 and with a moveable lens- holder4 ,without lens #b4dj #fj4 ,focussing lens for photographic camera4 ,lens in spring-sleeve with clamping ring #d4ge #fa4 ,handle with ring for holding lens #a4be ,illustration3 ,steinheil lens ,no4 #fc4 ,steinheil lens ,no4 #ff4 ,the aplanatic triplets after ,steinheil are remarkable for their large1 flat field and excellent definition1 free from chromatic aberration4 ,diameter ,visual field ,magnification #fb4 #bd mm #bj mm #h diam4 #d4-- #fc4 #ae #ae #aj #d4-- #fd4 #ab #ab #ab #d4-- #fe4 #aj #aj #af #d4-- #ff4 #f #c1e #bj #d4-- #fg4 #e #b #cj #d4-- #fh4 #c #a #dj #d4-- ,the achromatic doublets have a very large1 clear and flat field4 #fi4 #cj mm #ce mm #e diam4 #d4-- #gj4 #bc #bj #h #c4be ,doublet magnifier1 consisting of two double convex lenses4 #ga4 #bc mm #be mm #f diam4 #a4be ,the doublet ,no4 #fi can only be used as a hand lens4 ,the mounting of all the other lenses is such that they fit any of the dissecting stands or lens holders4 ,aplanatic triplets #fd-fh can only be used on stands with rack and pinion adjustment4 ,illustration3 ,doublet ,no4 #gj4 ,illustration3 ,doublet ,no4 #ga4 ,illustration3 ,pocket lens ,no4 #gb4 #gb4 ,the aplanatic lenses ,nos4 #fb-ff are also to be had with a moveable cover and ring adapting them for use as pocket lenses4 ,price1 when thus mounted #d4ge ,illustration3 ,binocular ,preparation ,microscope4 #gc4 ,the ,binocular ,preparation ,microscope1 after the model of ,eilhard ,schulze permits the convenient use of both eyes in dissecting small anatomical and botanical preparations4 ,it consists of two ,brcke lenses1 adjusted to an accurate focus4 ,both tubes are moveable on a joint and are adjustable to various distances between the observers eyes4 ,the distance of the eye from the preparation is about #bej millimetres2 the field of vision is large and flat2 the magnification1 four diameters2 lenses are adjustable to either vertical or horizontal position and may be raised and lowered on the vertical support1 thumb-screws fixing them in the desired position4 ,a rack and pinion serves as fine adjustment #bd4-- ,illustration3 ,greenough's ,binocular ,microscope4 #gd4 ,greenough's ,stereoscopic ,binocular ,microscope4 ,two microscope tubes are so arranged as to bring the same object into focus in the axis of each tube1 the tubes being set at an angle to each other for this purpose4 ,the stand is provided with rack and pinion adjustment and both draw-tubes are also regulated by a rack and pinion arrangement1 so that they may be adapted to the correct distance of the observers eyes4 ,by interposition of prisms the image is rendered erect4 ,magnification1 #bj diam4 ,price #hj4-- #gd;a4 ,corneal-,microscope1 is designed for the examination of the interior of the eye4 ,prismtube ,no4 #di with eye-piece #af4-- ,objective of low power permitting #b degrees of magnification #f4-- ,stand on heavy base1 with rack and pinion adjustment etc4 #h4-- ------- #cj4-- ,apparatus for ,blood ,examinations4 ,illustration3 ,micro-,spectroscope4 #ge4 ,the ,micro-,spectroscope fits into the tube of the microscope like any ordinary eye-piece and may be fixed in any desired position by means of the thumb-screw ,m4 ,the position of the bright and dark lines of the spectrum and their respective wave lengths are ascertained by means of a scale4 ,the flat drum ,a1 the interior of which is shown in section1 contains the slit and the comparison prism4 ,the slit is regulated by the screws ,f and ,h4 ,the lever ,t moves the comparison prism across one half of the slit4 ,the cylinder ,q above the eye-piece contains the ,amici prism4 ,at the point ,n of the horizontal tube ,,rn is the micrometer scale1 illuminated by the mirror ,o4 ,after raising the spring- catch ,l the upper part of the spectroscope may be turned round the pivot ,k1 thus allowing of the adjustment of the eye-piece #ff4-- 7,a full description accompanies each instrument47 #gf4 ,hand-,spectroscope1 ,browning's1 for spectroscopic examination of the blood #ab4-- #gf;a4 ,hand-,spectroscope with comparison prism1 mirror1 and holder for vials #af4-- ,illustration3 ,thoma's ,haemacytometer4 #gg4 ,thoma's ,haemacytometer consists of an object glass with carefully constructed cell1 a ground absolutely plane coverglass and two pipettes for mixing the blood and saline solution used in the examinations4 ,one of these pipettes1 for estimating the number of red corpuscles is so graduated as to permit dilution of the blood #ajj or #bjj times as required2 the other1 for counting the white corpuscles 7leucocytes71 is graduated for dilution of the blood #aj or #bj times4 ,the volume contents of the pipettes are most carefully determined and the depth of the cell is established by accurate micrometric measurement1 thus permitting very exact observations by means of this instrument4 7,a full description with each instrument7 #ad4ej #gh4 ,mixing-,pipette for white corpuscles #c4fj #gi4 ,mixing-,pipette for red corpuscles #c4fj #hj4 ,thoma counting chamber1 with coverglass #e4ge #ha4 ,trck counting chamber with coverglass #g4be ,illustration3 ,counting chamber after ,thoma after ,trck4 ,illustration3 ,ehrlich's ,eye-piece4 #hb4 ,ehrlich's ,eye-piece is provided with a diaphragm having a square opening1 the size of which is regulated by a small lever4 ,this eye-piece is designed to facilitate the estimation of the relative numbers of red and white blood corpuscles in dry preparations4 ,full directions accompany each instrument #ab4-- #hb;a4 ,apparatus for the clinical determination of the alcalinity of the blood1 after ,prof4 ,c4 ,s4 ,engel4 ,the following parts compose the apparatus3 #a7 a capillary pipette so graduated as to permit the dilution of #j1je cc4 blood from the finger1 up to #e cc4 with distilled water4 #b7 a beaker1 for the reception of the diluted blood4 #c7 a burette mounted on stand1 capacity #aj cc4 ,full directions accompany each outfit4 ,price in box #h4-- ,micrometers4 ,illustration3 ,screw ,micrometer ,eye-piece4 #hc4 ,screw-micrometer eye-piece for accurate measurement of large objects4 ,between the eye lens and the collecting lens of a ,huyghenian ocular there is a millimeter scale etched on glass1 above which is a moveable indicator whose position is controlled by a micrometer screw to which a graduated drum is attached4 ,the value of each graduation on the drum 7about #a_/bj of the micrometer value of the objective7 must be determined for each combination of ocular and objective by means of the stage micrometer4 ,the eye lens of the ocular is moveable to permit accurate focus upon the scale4 ,the apparatus slips into the tube of the microscope like any ordinary eye-piece and is fixed in position by a thumb-screw at the side #bj4-- #hd4 ,micrometer eye-piece4 ,the mount unscrews in the centre to permit the introduction of the micrometer scale4 ,the eye lens is moveable to permit of accurate focus on the scale #d4-- #he4 ,glass-,micrometer for the eye-piece1 to drop on the diaphragm of the eye-piece4 ,scale of #e mm divided into #ajj parts #b4ej #hf4 ,the same1 #aj mm divided into #ajj parts #b4-- #hg4 ,stage-,micrometer1 #a mm divided into #ajj parts etched on glass #c4ge #hh4 ,stage-,micrometer1 photographed on glass1 #b mm divided into #bjj parts #a4dj #hi4 ,eye-piece ,micrometer1 divided into squares for counting scattered objects in the field4 ,mounted4 ,distance between the lines #j1e mm #b4-- #ij4 ,glass slide with cell #b_/aj mm deep1 with ocular micrometer ,no4 #hi1 in box #c4be #ia4 ,glass slide with cell the floor of which is divided into squares1 #a_/djj square mm each1 in box #d4-- ,drawing ,apparatus4 ,the two following drawing eye-pieces ,nos4 #ib and #ic1 have quickly found favor among those having frequent occasion to make drawings from microscopic preparations and are now largely used in educational institutions as an aid to students in the study of their specimens4 ,in both eye-pieces the prism is so adjusted as to accomplish total reflection of the image1 thus doing away with loss of light and with secondary reflections1 such disturbing features of those forms of drawing apparatus of which a mirror forms an essential part4 ,illustration #ib4 ,this drawing eye-piece is employed with the stand in the vertical position4 ,the reflected image lies at the side of the microscope1 the rays passing off at an acute angle from the reflecting prism near the top of the eye-piece4 ,the eye-piece slips into the tube of the microscope like any ordinary eye-piece and is held in position by a thumb-screw4 ,the drawing field is at once visible without further adjustment1 and the picture is clear and sharp4 ,the brightness of the drawing field may be regulated by smoked glass plates mounted in two moveable metal arms #h4-- ,illustration3 ,drawing eye-piece for drawing with inclined stand4 #ic4 ,this drawing eye-piece is similar in construction to that just described1 but is so arranged as to throw the image vertically downwards behind the microscope when the latter is inclined at an angle of #de degrees4 ,in this case also the picture reflected is clear and sharp1 devoid of all disturbing secondary images4 ,as the image is reflected vertically downwards upon the table1 no special drawing stand is necessary as there is no distortion of the picture4 ,the intensity of the light may be modified by smoked glass plates mounted in two moveable metal arms #aj4-- ,for a description of these drawing eye-pieces and of the principles involved in their construction reference may be had to the ,zeitschrift fr wissenschaftliche ,mikroskopie1 ,,xii1 #ahie4 ,illustration3 ,abbe's ,drawing ,apparatus4 #id4 ,in ,abbe's ,drawing ,apparatus the drawing field is reflected by a mirror at the side of the instrument and by a prism which fits over the eye-piece of the microscope4 ,the prism is supported on a vertical hinge so that it may be readily turned out of the axis of the microscope without disconnecting the whole apparatus from the stand4 ,it is shown turned to the side in the figure4 ,a cylindrical cap accompanies the apparatus which fits over the prism holder and has six lateral windows in which are smoked glasses of various intensity1 serving to regulate the lightness of the reflected drawing field #ab4-- ,illustration3 ,drawing ,board ,no4 #ie4 ,drawing ,board after ,giesenhagen4 ,the ,drawing boards serve two purposes4 ,they afford a smooth plane surface for the drawing paper and they are so arranged that they may be inclined at such an angle as to receive the rays of the reflected image at right angle to their surface1 thus doing away with any distortion of the image on the paper4 #ie4 ,this drawing board is especially adapted for use with drawing eye-piece ,no4 #ib4 ,when in the position indicated in the figure its drawing surface forms an angle of #ab to the horizontal #b4-- #if4 ,in ,giesenhagen's drawing board the drawing surface may be adjusted at various angles and may be raised and lowered #d4-- ,for drawing eye-piece ,no4 #ic and the ,abbe drawing apparatus the surface of the drawing board should be horizontal4 ,illustration3 ,drawing apparatus after v4 ,tubeuf4 #ig4 ,the drawing apparatus after v4 ,tubeuf serves for drawing objects from nature4 ,by means of a prism mounted in a metal box1 the object is reflected into the eye in such a manner that its image appears erected on the drawing surface4 ,this is quite an advantage when drawing from nature but is unimportant when using a drawing apparatus on the microscope4 ,two smoked glasses mounted in moveable metal arms serve to moderate the intensity of the light4 ,on the side of the prism nearest the eye is a small wheel diaphragm attached to regulate the size of the opening4 ,the apparatus is mounted on a heavy nickel-plated stand with vertical and lateral adjustments controlled by thumb-screws #ab4-- ,mechanical ,stages4 ,illustration3 ,mechanical stage ,no4 #ih4 #ih4 ,mechanical stage adapted to ,stands ,i1 ,ia and ,ib4 ,the stage is readily attached to the microscope by means of a small screw1 ,c1 which screws into a thread in the microscope just behind its stage1 and binds the mechanical stage firmly in position and always in the same position4 ,it may be again removed by simply unscrewing this set screw4 ,the movements of the stage are at right angles to one another1 are accomplished by carefully constructed rack and pinion adjustments and the exact position of each adjustment is indicated by vernier scales4 ,the extent of the lateral movement is #ej mm2 that of the other #cj mm4 ,this stage permits the careful and systematic examination of large specimens and its construction is so perfect that by means of the vernier scales the most minute objects may be readily replaced in the field of vision1 even after removal and readjustment of the stage1 provided only that their location when in the field of vision as indicated by the scales had been noted #bh4-- #ii4 ,large mechanical stage for stand1 ,a1 adapted for slides #ejajj mm2 both movements by rack and pinion adjustments #cb4-- ,illustration3 ,mechanical stage ,no4 #ajj4 #ajj4 ,mechanical ,stage ,no4 #ajj4 ,when a mechanical stage is ordered subsequently to a microscope outfit and under such circumstances that its correct adjustment to the stand by a skillful mechanic is impossible we advise the purchase of this more readily adjusted mechanical stage1 which may readily be attached to ,stands ,i1 ,ia1 ,ib1 ,i,ia and ,i,ib by means of a thumb-screw4 ,it is as carefully constructed as ,mechanical ,stage ,no4 #ih and serves the same purpose in every particular #bh4-- #ajj;a4 ,new ,mechanical stage1 simplified form #bj4-- ,illustration3 ,mechanical stage ,no4 #ajj;a4 #aja4 ,warm stage after ,schultze4 ,this consists of a metal stage to which long lateral arms are attached1 through which the heat from one or more small lamps is conducted to the central part of the stage and the object4 ,the apparatus is also provided with a condenser1 which affords illumination sufficient for the use of high power objectives1 and with a thermometer indicating the exact temperature of the centre of the stage1 which may be carried as high as #ajj ,c4 #ab4-- ,illustration3 ,schultze's ,warm ,stage ,no4 #aja4 #ajb4 ,warm stage after ,pfeiffer4 ,it consists of a glass chamber through which warm water may be made to flow4 ,a small cell is ground in its surface thus permitting its use as a moist chamber #f4-- #ajc4 ,warm stage after ,stricker4 ,this stage consists of a metal chamber1 through which warm water is made to flow when in use1 and is provided also with a condenser and thermometer4 ,it may be screwed firmly to any of the square microscope stages #ad4-- ,illustration3 ,stricker's ,warm stage ,no4 #ajc4 #ajd4 ,warm stage after ,errera1 permitting rapid changes from low to high temperature and vice-versa4 ,it includes #b vessels for cold and hot water1 mounted on tripods1 with rubber-tubing etc4 #bd4-- ,photo-micrographic ,apparatus4 ,illustration3 ,photo-micrographic ,apparatus ,no4 #aje4 ,the method of employing this apparatus and the general technique of photo-micrography are treated of in a separate pamphlet containing also four photo-micrographs taken with this apparatus4 ,this little work is furnished with each apparatus4 #aje4 ,the ,photo-micrographic ,apparatus consists of a heavy iron foot supporting a stout column in which another iron support moves vertically4 ,this latter holds the camera and may be firmly fixed at any height by means of a thumb-screw4 ,this permits the accurate adjustment of the camera to microscope stands of various sizes4 ,the length of the camera is also adjustable by means of a thumb-screw sliding in the upright support4 ,regulation of the field of the camera is accomplished by a revolving disc diaphragm with openings of five different sizes situated in the neck of the camera4 ,two simple plate-holders for plates #iab and #acah cm are supplied with each camera1 as are also a ground glass plate and clear glass plate in the frame of the camera serve to catch the picture in the plane of the photographic plate1 and a simple lens aids in obtaining a correct focus of the image4 ,a white glass plate1 mounted on a stand is of use in diffusing direct sunlight so as to make it available for photographic purposes1 and three discs of yellow1 blue and green glass are provided which may be inserted over the iris- diaphragm of the condenser when colored light is required4 ,it is of great advantage to interpose an illuminating lens between the source of light and the mirror1 thereby condensing the light-rays1 giving a uniform illumination and preventing the heating up of the entire stand1 which is a disturbing factor in retaining the focus4 ,the illuminating lens also serves to lessen the time of exposure4 ,this photo-micrographic apparatus is also available when it is desired to photograph gross specimens as1 for example1 embryos1 insects1 etc41 by reflected light1 as is represented in the figure on p4 #hf4 ,the photographic objective of #fd mm focal distance1 is best adapted to this purpose4 ,it fits in a collar in the neck of the camera and yields a magnified image of about #c diameters4 ,the object is brought into proper focus by means of a small stand1 the table of which may be raised or lowered as required4 ,price of the apparatus without microscope stand #dj4-- #ajf4 ,small stand for supporting specimens to be photographed by reflected light as mentioned above #d4ge #ajg4 ,welsbach lamp with reflector #f4-- #ajh4 ,illuminating lens of #ajj mm diam4 on stand #ab4-- #aji4 ,photo-micrographic apparatus1 for use in horizontal and vertical position4 ,it is in construction similar to the foregoing1 but is provided with joint for inclination and clamping lever1 and can be used at any angle4 ,large size bellows and plateholder1 for plates up to #bdbd cm4 ,moveable platform with three leveling screws and clamping-bar for holding stand4 ,price of the apparatus1 with #b simple plate-holders1 ground and plain glass plate1 etc41 without microscope stand #fj4-- ,illustration3 ,photo-micrographic ,apparatus ,no4 #aji4 ,edinger's ,projection ,apparatus4 ,illustration3 ,edinger's ,projection ,apparatus with ,nieser's ,photographic ,camera4 #aaj4 ,edinger's ,projection ,apparatus--,for projecting and drawing large objects slightly magnified4 7,cf4 ,zeitschrift fr wissensch4 ,mikroskopie4 ,,viii4 #ahia47 ,a polished wooden base1 in which a lime wood drawing tablet is inlaid1 supports a wooden stand which in turn holds a horizontal metal tube in which are a collecting lens and a reflecting mirror4 ,the upright also carries1 two arms1 by rack and pinion adjustment1 the one supporting the object stage1 the other regulating the length of the camera4 ,on the other side of the upright is a support for a lamp4 ,the rays of this lamp are converged by the collecting lens upon the mirror1 are reflected downward to the object and through the objective to the drawing board below4 ,the various adjustments permit considerable variation of magnification with the same objective4 ,price1 including lamp #ah4-- ,for photographic purposes this same apparatus may be had with ,nieser's photographic camera1 plate holders1 focussing plate etc4 #aaa4 ,edinger's ,projection ,apparatus with ,camera for plates #iab cm and #acah cm #ch4-- #aab4 ,larger ,projection ,apparatus with ,camera for plates #iab1 #acah1 #ahbd and #bdcj cm #ef4-- ,the following ,objectives of #bd1 #ce1 #db and #fd mm focal distance respectively may be used in connection with this apparatus for photographic purposes4 #aac4 of #bd mm focal distance #ah4-- #aad4 ,photographic ,objectives #ce #ah4-- #aae4 with ,iris diaphragms #db #ah4-- #aaf4 #fd #bj4-- ,the following table shows the size of the preparation which may be resolved by each one of these objectives and the magnification with the smaller and with the larger ,edinger ,projection ,apparatus4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- ,size of the ,magnification ,objective ,preparation ,focal length ,maximum ,smaller ,apparatus ,larger ,apparatus ---------------------------------------- -------------------------- #bd mm #h mm #g-ae diam4 #ac-be diam4 #ce mm #ae mm #e-ab diam4 #aj-bj diam4 #db mm #bj mm #c-i diam4 #f-ac diam4 #fd mm #ce mm #b-d diam4 #c-h diam4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------- ,the time required for exposure in photographing with this apparatus is from #e to #bj seconds according to the magnification and character of the specimen4 ,the following figure shows a further use for the ,objective of #fd mm focal distance in connection with the photomicrographic apparatus 7page #hb74 ,illustration3 ,photo-micrographic apparatus ,no4 #aje with small stand ,no4 #ajf4 ,large ,projection ,apparatus4 ,in this projection apparatus an electric projection lamp is made use of1 the lamp being available for electric currents of #bj ,ampres and about #dh ,volts4 ,to regulate the current a rheostat is necessary4 ,when using constant current the carbons should stand at an angle in order to utilize to best advantage the stronger light of the positive 7upper7 carbon4 ,for spectroscopic projections the carbons of the lamp have to be in vertical position4 ,connected with the lamp is a triple condenser of #aej mm aperture4 ,the latter should be protected from the heat-rays by a large mica-plate which is furnished with the apparatus4 ,various devices permit very accurate adjustment of the lamp and condenser4 ,for example1 two thumb-screws control the position of the carbons of the lamp so that the luminous point may be readily brought into the exact optical axis of the condenser4 ,again1 the two inner lenses of the condenser are moveable and are controlled by two knobs conveniently situated as shown in the illustration4 ,by this adjustment of the lenses of the condenser it is possible to do away with disturbing chromatic aberration4 ,the rays of light leave the condenser in moderate convergence4 ,for direct projection from the preparation the apparatus consists of the optical bench upon which are mounted the various accessories in proper succession 7,fig4 p4 #hh73 #a4 ,a large cooling cell1 which is to be filled with water or alum solution4 #b4 ,the bellows with tube4 ,this is connected with the cooling cell by means of a metal ring which slips over the end of the cell and is held in place by a screw4 ,the metal ring is attached to one end of the bellows1 while the other end carries a large tube4 #c4 ,the microscope condensers and diaphragm holder4 ,a larger tube fits over the tube of the bellows and carries on a revolving arm the cylinder diaphragm and the two condensers4 ,for low power objectives ,nos4 #a-c1 the cylinder diaphragm and the condenser of longer focus have to be used4 ,the latter at the same time serves as the objective for lantern slide projection4 ,the other condenser is especially needed when high powers are employed 7,objectives #d to #f74 ,a small rack and pinion arrangement serves for the adjustment of condenser and diaphragm4 #d4 ,the object stage and small cooler4 ,the stage has connected with it a second cooling cell on which the preparation rests4 ,this arrangement permits prolonged use of the condenser and the greatest intensity of light without burning the most delicate specimens4 ,the adjustment of the object is accomplished by means of an arrangement which permits any particular point to be brought accurately into the field4 ,illustration #e4 ,the objective carrier is provided with a nose-piece for three objectives1 with a broad projection tube1 having an ,iris diaphragm for the purpose of narrowing the aperture1 and with a narrow tube which screws into the broad one1 in case it is desired to use oculars in making the projection4 ,the adjustments of the objectives are accomplished by rack and pinion and by micrometer screw4 ,in order to change readily from microscopic to lantern-slide projection1 the parts #d and #e have been provided with hinges1 by means of which they can be thrown to one side after loosening a lever 7see illustration below74 #f4 ,wooden cover with cloth curtain which fits over the diaphragm carrier1 the stage and the objectives1 to shut off any light which may escape at the sides4 ,for the projection of large preparations of from #h-ce mm diameter our photographic objectives of #bd1 #ce1 #db and #fd mm focal distance are best adapted 7p4 #hf74 ,in connection with these low powers the large tube only should be used4 ,illustration ,with this projection apparatus the powers of microscope objectives till number #f may be well employed4 ,the picture1 even when the highest powers are made use of1 and the screen is at a distance of twelve feet from the apparatus1 is of sufficient clearness and brightness to be available for demonstration to a large audience4 ,for the projection of lantern slides or of large section of tissue following parts of the apparatus are required3 ,lamp1 condenser1 cooler and bellows are the same as in the above described apparatus4 ,the stage and objective carrier are swung to one side4 ,the special-projection lens of #cjj mm focal distance is to be used4 ,a slide carrier slips into the frame of the bellows1 which is sufficiently large to accommodate lantern slides #iaj and #iab cm in size4 ,the slide carrier has a stop at both ends which facilitates its adjustment in the axis of the instrument1 and is arranged for the simultaneous reception of two slides1 so that while one is being projected it may be charged with a second which may then without delay be pushed into the optical axis as the first is removed4 ,in this way series of pictures may be thrown on the screen without interruption4 ,when so arranged the projection can be made upon a screen #cj feet from the apparatus1 over the heads of an audience4 ,prices3 #aag4 ,projection-lamp for current of #bj ,ampres1 with centering arrangement #ib4-- ,fixed rheostat #cj4-- 7,the same1 adjustable #de4--47 ,lamp and rheostat are furnished at factory prices4 ,in ordering it is well to state the strength of the available electric current1 also whether it is constant or alternating4 ,outfit for projection of lantern slides3 ,metal-base with optical bench1 triple collecting lens 7adjustable7 of #aej mm aperture2 large cooling cell2 slide carrier with bellows2 triple revolving arm1 with rack and pinion adjustment #ajh4-- ,projection objective of #cjj mm focal length #bj4-- 7,a second objective of same focal length may be slipped over the former1 the two combined represent an objective of #aej mm focus4 ,additional price #bj4--47 ,outfit for microscopical projections3 ,cylinder-diaphragm and condenser2 objectstage and small cooler with moveable slide-holder4 ,objective carrier with triple nose-piece3 rack and pinion adjustment and micrometer-screw4 ,broad tube with ,iris-diaphragm into which the smaller draw-tube fits4 ,two projection eye- pieces4 ,object-stage and objective carrier are provided with hinges4 ,wooden cover with cloth curtain #hd4-- ,transport #bej4-- -------- ,complete outfit #ccd4-- #aah4 ,megascope1 apparatus for the projection of opaque objects2 special offers will be made on application4 #aai4 ,attachment for spectroscopic examinations1 to be used on the optical bench and in connection with the lamp of the projection apparatus ,no4 #aag4 ,slit mechanism1 large triple prism1 object-stage #hj4-- #abj4 ,large projection apparatus1 of special design with latest improvements1 for lantern slides size #acah cm1 for micro-projection1 and megascope attachment4 ,special offers for this apparatus will be made on application4 7,in ordering it is necessary to state the voltage of the available electric current1 also whether it is direct or alternating47 #aba4 ,trichinoscope4 ,simple electric lamp 7hand feed7 of #bj ,ampre1 mounted on adjustable stand1 encased in ,russian iron box1 double collecting lens 7adjustable7 of #abj mm ,aperture1 with condensing lens4 ,mechanical stage for glass compressors1 with movements at right angles to each other1 cooling cell for the preparation with a continual flow of cold water4 ,objective carrier with micrometer screw1 wide tube with ,iris diaphragm #abj4-- ,projection objective of #ce mm focus1 aperture f3#c1e1 with ,iris diaphragm #ah4-- -------- #ach4-- ,illustration3 ,trichinoscope ,no4 #aba4 ,microtomes4 ,illustration3 ,large ,sliding-,microtome4 ,our larger microtomes are heavy and all their adjustments are of the most accurate construction1 the result being that they are very steady when in use and permit the cutting of very thin and uniform sections4 ,they are to be had in three different sizes4 ,the larger two are slightly different in construction from the third4 ,the two former microtomes are provided with an automatic feed attachement4 ,a heavy knife-carrier slides smoothly and rapidly on a horizontal track and is so arranged that it may be manipulated by the hand of the operator alone or by a wheel and chain device1 which tends to assure a perfectly uniform stroke of the knife4 ,the objectclamp is raised vertically by a micrometer screw4 ,this motion is accomplished by turning a large disc having teeth cut into its periphery and a turn of one tooth being equal to an elevation of #j4jjbe mm4 ,the automatic feed is arranged as follows3 ,with each return of the knife-carrier to the end of its track pressure is made upon an adjustable lever which regulates the motion of the micrometer wheel4 ,this device may be so adjusted as to move the micrometer disc any number of teeth from one to ten with each sweep of the knife4 ,three different forms of clamps may be had for these microtomes1 and freezing apparatus as well as paraffin tables can also be fitted4 ,the ,fixed clamp1 ,no4 #abh1 represented in the figure of the large sliding microtome1 serves to clamp the specimen in position and does not allow any further adjustment4 ,the ,ball and ,socket clamp permits the adjustments of the specimen after it is held in the clamp by means of a ball and socket joint--see figure of ,no4 #abi--;a set-screw then holds it firmly in position4 ,the ,naples clamp permits the accurate adjustment of the specimen at any level1 the clamp being supported on two horizontal axes at right angles to each other1 the one controlled by rack and pinion1 the other by endless screw4 ,the knife-carrier is arranged to hold the ,thoma form knives1 which are fastened by means of a wing-screw4 ,other knives require a special holder1 such as ,no4 #aci4 #abb4 ,the ,large ,sliding ,microtome has a track #db cm long4 ,its price with automatic feed attachement1 wheel and chain arrangement for the knife carrier1 and fixed clamp1 without knife #fb4-- #abc4 ,the same1 with knife holder for ,jung microtome knives #ff4-- #abd4 ,the same1 but without the wheel and chain arrangement for the knife carrier #ej4-- #abe4 ,medium size ,sliding ,microtome--,track #cb cm long2 automatic feed attachement2 wheel and chain motion of knife carrier and fixed specimen clamp--without knife #ef4-- #abf4 ,the same1 with knife holder for ,jung microtome knives #fj4-- #abg4 ,the same1 but without wheel and chain motion #dd4-- #abh4 ,fixed ,specimen ,clamp #d4-- #abi4 ,ball and ,socket ,clamp #f4-- #acj4 ,naples ,clamp #ab4-- ,illustration3 ,ball and ,socket ,clamp ,no4 #abi4 ,naples ,clamp ,no4 #acj4 #aca4 ,the ,support-,microtome has a track #ai cm long4 ,the knife-carrier slides on a double flanged support and is moved by means of a large knob4 ,the motion is smooth and quick4 ,the specimen is held in a clamp supported on two adjustable axes at right angles to each other1 thus permitting its adjustment in any position4 ,the specimen carrier is moved vertically by means of a micrometer screw to which a large disc is attached4 ,this disc is graduated1 each degree representing a motion of the specimen carrier of #j1jje mm4 ,the price of this microtome with knifeholder ,no4 #aci1 without box or knife is #cd4-- ,illustration3 ,support-,microtome ,no4 #aca4 #aca;a4 ,small ,sliding ,microtome1 length of bed #ba cm1 heavy knife-carrier1 object clamp for specimen #be mm diam41 micrometer screw with disc graduated into #ajj degrees1 each division representing a motion of #j1jje mm4 ,price including knifeholder ,no4 #aci1 without knife #bd4-- ,illustration3 ,small ,sliding ,microtome ,no4 #aca;a4 ,microtome knives4 7,made by ,w4 ,walb47 ,a4 ,thoma's ,model1 plano-concave1 with handle adapted for clamping immediately to the knife carrier of the microtome1 in box4 ,illustration #acb4 ,length of cutting edge #cf cm #bf4ej #acc4 #bd cm #ac4be #acd4 #af cm #h4ej #ace4 #ab cm #e4ej ,b4 ,jung's ,model--plano-concave--requires knife-holder ,no4 #aci--;in box4 ,illustration #acf4 ,length of cutting edge #bd cm #aa4be #acg4 #ag cm #f4-- #ach4 #ab cm #d4ge #aci4 ,knife-holder designed for ,jung's ,microtome knife #d4-- #adj4 ,freezing apparatus for ,microtomes #h4-- ,illustration3 ,freezing apparatus ,no4 #adj4 ,hand ,microtomes4 ,illustration3 ,no4 #ada4 #ada4 ,this ,hand ,microtome1 shown in the figure above1 screws to the edge of the table4 ,the specimen is held in a clamp which may be removed from the instrument1 and which is raised by a micrometer screw to which a large disc is attached1 the edge of which is milled and graduated1 each degree of the graduation representing an elevation of the specimen of #a_/ajj mm4 ,the knife is manipulated by hand and in cutting slides over two narrow glass plates which serve as a track for it4 ,the length of this track is #g cm #ab4-- #adb4 ,cylinder ,microtome4 ,the specimen is held by means of a clamp-screw in a hollow cylinder4 ,this entire cylinder is raised within another cylinder which bears the cutting table by means of a screw with milled and graduated head4 ,each division of the graduation represents a motion of the inner cylinder of #a_/ajj mm4 ,in cutting the edge of the knife is made to pass over the surface of the glass cutting table1 the diameter of which is #g cm #f4-- ,illustration3 ,cylinder ,microtome4 #adc4 ,microscopic section-cutter--razor form--of best quality1 plano-concave1 for microtomes ,no4 #ada and #adb #a4be ,miscellaneous ,accessories4 ,illustration3,analizer4 ,polarizer4 ,polarizing ,apparatus ,no4 #add4 #add4 ,polarizing ,apparatus for ,food ,analysis4 ,the analizer forms part of an ocular which fits into the tube of the microscope and is provided with a graduated disc and index4 ,it is fixed in any desired position by means of a thumb-screw4 ,the polarizer1 when used in connection with stands fitted with a substage condenser and iris-diaphragm1 is hung in the carrier of the iris diaphragm2 when used on other stands it takes the place of the cylinder diaphragm1 and if desired may be furnished with a condenser4 ,price #bb4-- #ade4 ,simpler ,polarizing ,apparatus4 ,the analizer is without an ocular and has no graduated disc4 ,the polarizer is as described above #ad4-- #adf4 ,gypsum and ,mica plates set of #h #f4-- #adg4 ,coverglass ,tester1 for measuring the thickness of coverglasses #c4ge #adg;a4 ,coverglass gauge1 dial form1 for the rapid and accurate measuring of coverglasses1 thin plates etc4 ,a slight pressure on a lever opens a pair of steel clips4 ,the exact thickness is at once indicated by a pointer moving over a divided circle on the lid of a metal box4 ,the gauge measures #j1ja up to #e mm #ab4-- #adh4 ,nose-piece for two objectives--,double nose-piece #f4-- #adi4 ,nose-piece for three objectives--,triple nose-piece #h4-- #aej4 ,nose-piece for four objectives--,quadruple nose-piece #aj4-- ,nose-pieces can be adjusted to our stands at any time without charge4 #aea4 ,iris-diaphragm #f4-- ,illustration3 ,illuminating ,lens ,no4 #aeb4 #aeb4 ,illuminating ,lens on stand1 #ajj mm diameter #ab4-- #aec4 ,illuminating ,lens on stand1 #fj mm diameter #h4-- #aed4 ,glass slides1 hollow1 per doz --4#ge #aee4 ,glass slides1 ,english form #ca1 of plate-glass with polished edges1 per gross #a4-- #aef4 ,glass slides1 with well1 for moist chambers --4#dj #aeg4 ,cover-glasses1 squares1 #aeae mm1 per #ajj --4#fj #aeh4 ,cover-glasses1 squares1 #bjbj mm1 per #ajj --4#he #aei4 ,cover-glasses1 circles1 #ae mm diameter1 per #ajj --4#he #afj4 ,cover-glasses1 circles1 #bj mm diameter1 per #ajj #a4-- ,illustration3 ,turn-table ,no4 #afa4 #afa4 ,turn-table1 for ringing1 with adjustable slide clips #d4-- #afb4 ,thickened ,cedar ,oil for oil-immersion lenses1 #a oz --4#dj #afc4 ,object ,marker4 ,this is designed to indicate the exact portion of an object which has been seen in the field of the microscope4 ,after finding the required field1 the objective of the microscope is unscrewed and the marker is screwed into the tube in its place4 ,by then moving the tube so that the marker comes in contact with the object that portion of the object which occupied the optical axis of the microscope is indicated #a4be #afd4 ,object ,marker with diamond point1 by means of which the object can be marked by drawing a circle #d4-- #afe4 ,demonstration ,ocular of ,kuznitzky 7,cf4 ,zeitschr4 f4 wissensch4 ,mikroskopie1 ,,xiii1 #ahif74--;,indicates any particular portion of the image to which it is desired to draw particular attention4 ,a small lever at the top of the ocular moves an indicator just above the diaphragm of the ocular to any part of the field #c4be ,illustration #aff4 ,opaque ,illuminator1 for illuminating polished pieces of metal whose structure is to be investigated by means of high power objectives--,a collar1 carrying a prism1 screws into the tube of the microscope1 and by means of the prism sufficient light is thrown through the objective upon the otherwise opaque object to permit of its examination up to #ajjj diameters magnification #f4-- #afg4 ,erecting ,prism--,this is fastened over the ocular and erects the image received from the compound microscope1 thereby materially assisting any dissection or other operation on the stage of the microscope #g4be ,illustration #afh4 ,microscope for the accurate reading of thermometer scales1 after ,fridtjof ,nansen4 ,stand with spring-clamp to attach thermometers of various sizes4 ,with micrometer ocular and objective magnifying #ab times #bj4-- ,illustration3 ,saccharimeter ,no4 #afi4 #afi4 ,saccharimeter1 ,mitscherlich's 7improved form71 for determining the amount of sugar contained in liquids1 glucose etc4 by measuring the angle of rotation4 ,tube with concave mirror on stand1 graduated scale with vernier and lens for reading one-tenth of a degree of rotation4 ,the rotation of the ,nicol prism with the vernier is performed by means of an endless screw4 ,the adjustment is accomplished as soon as the two squares of the divided quartz-plate show the same color4 ,two tubes of #ajj and #bjj mm length1 for the liquid to be examined1 are supplied with the apparatus4 ,should the rotation of the substance examined be excessive1 it is necessary to use sodium light for illumination #eb4-- ,microscopical cases4 #agj4 ,case1 containing a razor1 spatula1 two small knives1 straight and curved scissors1 forceps1 two needles1 two lancet-shaped needles #e4ej #aga4 ,case1 containing a razor1 spatula1 a small knife1 two needles1 small scissors1 and forceps #d4-- #agb4 ,case1 containing a small knife1 small scissors1 forceps and two needles #b4ej #agc4 ,botanical ,outfit in case1 containing a small knife1 forceps1 self-closing forceps with horn handle1 two scissors1 two needles and two lenses #e4ej #agd4 ,outfit for ,sputum ,examinations1 after ,kaatzer1 consisting of a platinum needle1 blower1 cover-glass forceps1 and a small rubber plate #d4ge #age4 ,leather ,microscope case to protect the mahogany case when travelling #h4-- #agf4 ,leather case to protect the mahogany cases of larger size instruments #ab4-- #agg4 ,bell jar for covering microscope #b4-- ,any of the following publications will be sent on application3 #a4 ,catalogue of microscopes etc41 which has been issued in three editions1 viz4 in a7 ,english1 b7 ,german and c7 ,french4 #b4 ,anleitung zum ,gebrauch des ,microscops4 #c4 ,instructions pour l'emploi des microscopes4 #d4 ,directions for using the ,microscope4 #e4 ,on the method of counting red and white corpuscles with ,thoma's ,apparatus4 #f4 ,instructions pour l'emploi de l'hmatimtre de ,thoma4 #g4 ,anleitung zur ,mikrophotographie1 mit vier ,mikrophotogrammen4 #h4 ,anleitung zum ,gebrauch des ,mikrospectroskops4 #i4 ,anleitung zum ,gebrauch des ,oculars nach ,ehrlich4 #aj4 ,description de l'oculaire d',ehrlich4 #aa4 ,direction for using ,ehrlich's eye-piece4 #ab4 ,anleitung zum ,gebrauch des grossen ,projectionsapparates4 #ac4 ,anleitung zum ,gebrauch des ,saccharimeters4 ,illustration ,index4 ,page ,a4 ,achromatic ,objectives #ab ,adjusting screw #di ,adjustment1 coarse1 fine #ag1 #ah ,apertures #aj ,aplanatic ,lenses #fg ,apochromatic ,lenses #ad ,apparatus for ,blood ,examinations #gj ,b4 ,binocular ,preparation ,microscope #fh ,binocular ,microscope after ,greenough #fi ,bell jar #ajc ,c4 ,camera #ha1 #hd ,cases for ,stands #ai ,cedar ,oil #aja ,clamps for ,microtomes #id fixed clamp #id ball and socket clamp #id ,naples clamp #id ,compensation ,eye-pieces #ad ,compressors #di ,condenser #bj ,corneal microscope #fi ,counting chambers #ga ,coverglass gauge #ii ,cover-glasses #ajj ,cover-glasses thickness #h ,coverglass ,tester #ii ,cylinder ,iris ,diaphragm #bj1 #bc ,cylinder ,microtome #ih ,d4 ,demonstration ,lens-holder #fg ,demonstration ,microscope #di ,demonstration ,ocular #aja ,dissecting ,microscopes #fb ,dissecting ,microscope with erected image #fd ,dissecting ,stage #ff ,dlken's ,microscope ,stand #eb ,drawing ,apparatus after ,abbe #gd ,drawing ,apparatus after ,tubeuf #gg ,drawing ,board #gf ,drawing ,eye-pieces #gd ,e4 ,edinger's ,projection ,apparatus #hd ,engel's ,alcalinity ,apparatus #gb ,english screw #ah ,erecting prism #ajb ,eye-pieces3 ,compensation ,eye-piece #ad ,demonstration ,ocular #aja ,huyghenian ,eye-piece #aa ,micrometer ,eye-piece #gc ,ehrlich's ,eye-piece #gb ,eye-piece with cross lines #ei ,eye-piece ,micrometer with squares #gc ,f4 ,freezing ,apparatus #ig ,focussing lens #fg ,g4 ,glass compressor #di ,glass-,micrometer for the ,eye-piece #gc ,glass plates1 ground1 clear #hb ,glass slides #ajj ,glass slides1 hollow #ajj ,gypsum and ,mica plates #ii ,greenough ,binocular ,microscope #fi ,h4 ,haemacytometer after ,thoma #ga ,handle for holding lens #fg ,hand ,microtomes #ig ,hand ,spectroscope #ga ,horizontal ,microscope #ef ,i4 ,illuminating ,apparatus #bj ,illuminating ,lens #ajj ,immersion ,objective #ab1 #ac ,immersion ,oil #aja ,iris-diaphragm #ajj ,iris cylinder diaphragm #bj ,k4 ,knife-carrier #ic ,knife-holder #ig ,knife after ,thoma #if ,knives for ,microtomes #if ,l4 ,lamp #hc ,leather case #ajc ,lenses3 aplanatic #fg binocular #fh for the pocket #fh ,lens for ,algae ,examination #fe ,lens-holders #fe ,lens for ,projection #ij ,m4 ,magnification #ac ,mechanical ,stages #gh ,megascope #ia ,micrometers #gc ,micrometer ,eye-piece #gc ,micrometer with squares #gc ,micrometer-screw #ah ,microscope after ,dlken #eb ,nebelthau #ej ,unna #cc stereoscopic #fi mineralogical #eg for dissections #fb for reading thermometer scales #ajb for the examination of trichinae #dh ,microscopical ,cases #ajc ,micro-,spectroscope #gj ,microtomes #ib ,microtome knives #if ,moist chamber #ajj ,n4 ,nansen's ,microscope #ajb ,nebelthau's ,microscope #ej ,net micrometers #gc ,nose-pieces #ajj ,notice #d ,o4 ,object ,marker #aja ,objectives achromatic #ab apochromatic #ad photographic #he ,ocular for ,demonstrations #aja ,oil-,immersion #ab1 #ad ,opaque illuminator #ajb ,outfit for ,sputum ,examinations #ajc ,p4 ,photographic ,objectives #he ,photographic plates #hb1 #he ,photomicrography #hb ,photo-micrographic ,apparatus #hb ,photomicrographic ,apparatus with joint for inclination #hc ,pfeiffer dissecting microscope #fd ,pipettes #gj ,plate holders #hb1 #he ,pocket ,microscope #fe ,pocket ,lens #fh ,polarizing ,apparatus #ii ,preface #f ,projection #hg ,projection ,apparatus1 large size #ia ,projection ,apparatus after ,edinger #hd ,projection-lamp #ij ,projection-lens #ij ,projection-ocular #ia ,publications #ajd ,r4 ,reflector #hc ,revolving ,eye-piece #ae ,rheostat #ij ,s4 ,saccharimeter1 ,mitcherlich #ajb ,screw-micrometer eye-piece #gc ,simple dissecting microscope1 wood case1 with handrests #ff ,sliding ,microscope 7,nebelthau's7 #ej ,sliding ,microtome #ib1 #ie ,slide for counting the corpuscles of the blood #ga ,spectroscope #gj ,stage-,micrometer #gc ,stage for ,dissections #ff ,stand for supporting specimens #hc ,stand ,a #bd ,stand ,i #bh ,stereoscopic ,binocular stand #fi ,stand ,ia #cj ,ia with ,english ,foot #cb ,ib #cd ,,ii #cf ,i,ia #ch ,i,ib #dj ,,iii #db ,,iv #dd ,v #df ,,vi #dh ,i for ,mineralogical ,research #eg ,,ii #fj ,stereoscopic ,microscope #fi ,swing-out ,condenser #bj ,t4 ,thoma's ,haemacytometer #ga ,thoma ,knives #if ,travelling ,microscopes #ec ,trichinoscope #ia ,tube length #h ,tubeuf drawing ,apparatus #gg ,turn-table #aja ,trck counting chamber #gb ,u4 ,unna's ,microscope #cc ,w4 ,warm ,stages #hj ,water-,immersion #ab ,welsbach lamp #hc ,printed by ,fr4 ,richter1 ,leipzic4 ,transcriber's ,notes3 hyphenation1 spelling and grammar have been preserved as in the original minor punctuation changes made without notes ,page #e1 and specimens4 focal length4 and specimens4 ,page #aj1 will suffice tho show will suffice to show ,page #ae1 eye-pieces may he changed eye-pieces may be changed ,page #ag1 movement on ,stands ,,ai1 ,ia movement on ,stands ,a1 ,i1 ,ia ,page #bb1 the purpore of modifying the purpose of modifying ,page #be1 in tis central portion in its central portion ,page #bf1 has the folloving advantages has the following advantages ,page #bf1 is absolutly no limit is absolutely no limit ,page #dc1 an excellent loboratory stand an excellent laboratory stand ,page #dg1 ,exe-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,eye-pieces ,i1 ,,iii4 ,page #ed1 size like the ,i4 b4 size like the ,ib4 ,page #ei1 stand with these accessoires stand with these accessories ,page #fa1 the and of the tube the end of the tube ,page #fb1 ,the fit inside ,they fit inside ,page #fd1 ,the case consists ,the base consists ,page #fh1 ,aplantic triplets #fd-fh ,aplanatic triplets #fd-fh ,page #fi1 ,magnifikation1 #bj diam4 ,magnification1 #bj diam4 ,page #ga1 micrometric measurment micrometric measurement ,page #gh1 ,mechanical stage ,nr4 #ih ,mechanical stage ,no4 #ih ,page #he1 #db und #fd mm #db and #fd mm ,page #ij1 removed duplicate ',transport #bej4--' ,page #ia1 also wheter it is direct also whether it is direct ,page #ia1 a continual1 flow a continual flow ,page #ig1 #acf4 ,lenght of cutting edge #acf4 ,length of cutting edge ,page #ih1 with melled and graduated with milled and graduated ,page #ii1 forms port of an ocular forms part of an ocular ,page #ii1 any disired position any desired position ,page #ii1 ,the gange measures #j1ja ,the gauge measures #j1ja ,page #ajc1 light4 for illumination light for illumination ,page #ajc1 #afg4 ,bell jar #agg4 ,bell jar ,page #ajg1 ,stage-,mikrometer1 #gc ,stage-,micrometer1 #gc