,a ,,philosophical ,,diction>y ,,volume ,,ix ,by ,,voltaire ,,edition ,,de ,,la ,,pacification ,,! ,,works ,,( ,,voltaire ,a ,,contempor>y ,,v]sion ,) ,notes by ,tobias ,smollett1 ,revis$ & ,mod]niz$ ,new ,translations by ,william ,f4 ,flem+1 & an ,introduction by ,oliv] ,h4,g4 ,leigh ,a ,,critique ,,& ,,biography ,,by ,,! ,,rt4 ,,hon4 ,,john ,,morley ,,=ty-,,?ree ,,volumes ,"o hundr$ & sixty-eight designs1 compris+ reproductions ( r>e old engrav+s1 /eel plates1 photogravures1 & curi\s fac-similes ,,volume ,,xiii ,e4,r4 ,du,m,o,n,t ,,p>is 3 ,,london 3 ,,new ,,york 3 ,,*icago #aija ,! ,,works ( ,,voltaire ,betwe5 two s]vants ( ,humanity1 :o appe>$ eighte5 hundr$ ye>s ap>t1 !re is a my/]i\s relation4 99 99 99 99 ,let u say x ) a s5tim5t ( pr(\nd respect3 ,,jesus ,,wept3 ,,voltaire ,,smil$4 ,( t div9e te> & ( t human smile is compos$ ! sweetness ( ! pres5t civilization4 ,,victor ,,hugo4 ,,li/ ,,( ,,plates--,,vol4 ,,ix ,,! ,,h\don ,,bu/--,frontispiece ,,g5ius ,,inspir+ ,,! ,,muses ,,samson ,,de/roy+ ,,! ,,temple ,,john ,,locke ,illu/ration3 ,voltaire4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,voltaire ,a ,,philosophical ,,diction>y ,,9 ,,t5 ,,volumes ,,vol4 ,,ix4 ,,prop]ty--,,/ates-,,g5]al 99 99 99 99 99 ,,prop]ty4 ,lib]ty & prop]ty is ! great national cry ( ! ,engli%4 ,x is c]ta9ly bett] ?an ,/4 ,george & my "r1 or ,/4 ,d5is & ,montjoie2 x is ! cry ( nature4 ,f ,switz]l& to ,*9a ! peasants are ! real occupi]s ( ! l&4 ,! "r ( conque/ alone has1 9 "s c\ntries1 depriv$ m5 ( a "r s natural4 ,! g5]al advantage or good ( a nation is t ( ! sov]eign1 ( ! magi/rate1 & ( ! p1 bo? 9 peace & w>4 ,is ?is possession ( l&s by ! peasantry equally conducive to ! prosp]ity ( ! ?rone & ! p 9 all p]iods & circum/ances8 ,9 ord] to its be+ ! mo/ b5eficial sy/em = ! ?rone1 x mu/ be t :i* produces ! mo/ consid]able rev5ue1 & ! mo/ num]\s & p[]ful army4 ,we mu/ inquire1 !re=e1 :e!r ?is pr9ciple or plan t5ds cle>ly to increase comm]ce & population4 ,x is c]ta9 t ! possessor ( an e/ate w cultivate 8 own inh]itance bett] ?an t ( ano!r4 ,! _s ( prop]ty d\bles a man's /r5g?4 ,he labors = himself & 8 family bo? ) m vigor & pleasure ?an he w\ld = a ma/]4 ,! slave1 :o is 9 ! p[] ( ano!r1 has b little incl9ation = m>riage2 he (t5 %udd]s ev5 at ! ?\ght ( produc+ slaves l himself4 ,8 indu/ry is damp$2 8 s\l is brutaliz$2 & 8 /r5g? is nev] ex]cis$ 9 its full en]gy & ela/icity4 ,! possessor ( prop]ty1 on ! contr>y1 desires a wife to %>e 8 happ9ess1 & *ildr5 to assi/ 9 8 labors4 ,8 wife & *ildr5 con/itute 8 weal?4 ,! e/ate ( su* a cultivator1 "u ! h&s ( an active & will+ family1 may become t5 times m productive ?an x 0 be=e4 ,! g5]al comm]ce w be increas$4 ,! treasure ( ! pr9ce w accumulate4 ,! c\ntry w supply m soldi]s4 ,x is cle>1 !re=e1 t ! sy/em is b5eficial to ! pr9ce4 ,pol& w\ld be ?rice z popul\s & weal?y z x is at pres5t if ! peasants 7 n slaves4 ,nor is ! sy/em less b5eficial to ! great l&lords4 ,if we suppose "o ( ^! to possess t5 ?\s& acres ( l& cultivat$ by s]fs1 ^! t5 ?\s& acres w produce him b a v scanty rev5ue1 :i* w be frequ5tly absorb$ 9 repairs1 & r$uc$ to no?+ by ! irregul>ity & sev]ity ( ! seasons4 ,:at w he 9 fact be1 al?\gh 8 e/ates may be va/ly m ext5sive ?an we h m5tion$1 if at ! same "t !y are unproductive8 ,he w be m]ely ! possessor ( an imm5se solitude4 ,he w nev] be really ri* b 9 proportion z 8 vassals are s2 8 prosp]ity dep5ds on !irs4 ,if ?is prosp]ity advances s f> z to r5d] ! l& too popul\s2 if l& is want+ to employ ! labor ( s _m indu/ri\s h&s--z h&s 9 ! fir/ in/ance 7 want+ to cultivate ! l&--!n ! sup]fluity ( necess>y labor]s w fl[ (f into cities & seaports1 into manufactories & armies4 ,population w h produc$ ?is decid$ b5efit1 & ! possession ( ! l&s by ! real cultivators1 "u paym5t ( a r5t :i* enri*es ! l&lords1 w h be5 ! cause ( ?is increase ( population4 ,!re is ano!r species ( prop]ty n less b5eficial2 x is t :i* is fre$ f paym5t ( r5t altoge!r1 & :i* is liable only to ^? g5]al impo/s :i* are levi$ by ! sov]eign = ! support & b5efit ( ! /ate4 ,x is ?is prop]ty :i* has contribut$ 9 a p>ticul> mann] to ! weal? ( ,engl&1 ( ,france1 & ! free cities ( ,g]many4 ,! sov]eigns :o ?us enfran*is$ ! l&s :i* con/itut$ _! doma9s1 d]iv$1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 va/ advantage f s do+ by ! fran*ises :i* !y dispos$ ( be+ eag]ly pur*as$ at high prices2 & !y d]ive f x1 ev5 at ! pres5t day1 a great] advantage /ill1 especially 9 ,france & ,engl&1 by ! progress ( indu/ry & comm]ce4 ,engl& furni%$ a gr& example to ! sixte5? c5tury by enfran*is+ ! l&s possess$ by ! *ur* & ! monks4 ,no?+ c\ld be m odi\s & no?+ m p]nici\s ?an ! be=e prevail+ practice ( m51 :o _h volunt>ily b\nd !mselves1 by ! rules ( _! ord]1 to a life ( humility & pov]ty1 becom+ complete ma/]s ( ! v f9e/ e/ates 9 ! k+dom1 & treat+ _! bre?r5 ( mank9d z m]e useful animals1 z no bett] ?an bea/s to be> _! burd5s4 ,! /ate & opul5ce ( ?is small numb] ( prie/s degrad$ human nature2 _! appropriat$ & accumulat$ weal? impov]i%$ ! re/ ( ! k+dom4 ,! abuse 0 de/roy$1 & ,engl& became ri*4 ,9 all ! re/ ( ,europe comm]ce has nev] fl\ri%$2 ! arts h nev] atta9$ e/imation & honor1 & cities h nev] advanc$ bo? 9 ext5t & embelli%m5t1 except :5 ! s]fs ( ! ,cr[n & ! ,*ur* held _! l&s 9 prop]ty4 ,& x is des]v+ ( att5tive rem>k t if ! ,*ur* ?us lo/ rights1 :i* 9 fact nev] truly belong$ to x1 ! ,cr[n ga9$ an ext5sion ( its legitimate rights2 = ! ,*ur*1 ^: fir/ obligation & pr(ess$ pr9ciple x is to imitate its great legislator 9 humility & pov]ty1 0 n orig9ally in/itut$ to fatt5 & aggr&ize itself ^u ! fruit ( ! labors ( mank9d2 & ! sov]eign1 :o is ! repres5tative ( ! ,/ate1 is b\nd to manage ) economy1 ! produce ( t same labor = ! good ( ! ,/ate itself1 & = ! spl5dor ( ! ?rone4 ,9 e c\ntry :]e ! p labor = ! ,*ur*1 ! ,/ate is poor2 b :]ev] !y labor = !mselves & ! sov]eign1 ! ,/ate is ri*4 ,x is 9 ^! circum/ances t comm]ce ev]y:]e ext5ds its bran*es4 ,! m]cantile navy becomes a s*ool = ! w>like navy4 ,great comm]cial companies are =m$4 ,! sov]eign f9ds 9 p]iods ( difficulty & dang] res\rces be=e unkn[n4 ,accord+ly1 9 ! ,au/rian /ates1 9 ,engl&1 & 9 ,france1 we see ! pr9ce easily borr[+ f 8 subjects a hundr$ times m ?an he c\ld obta9 by =ce :ile ! p 7 b5t d[n to ! e>? 9 slav]y4 ,all ! peasants w n be ri*1 nor is x necess>y t !y %\ld be s4 ,! ,/ate requires m5 :o possess no?+ b /r5g? & good w4 ,ev5 su*1 h[ev]1 :o appe> to _m z ! v outca/s ( =tune1 w p>ticipate 9 ! prosp]ity ( ! re/4 ,!y w be free to dispose ( _! labor at ! be/ m>ket1 & ?is fre$om w be an effective sub/itute = prop]ty4 ,! assur$ hope ( adequate wages w support _! spirits1 & !y w br+ up _! families 9 _! own labori\s & s]viceable occupations ) success1 & ev5 ) gayety4 ,x is ?is class1 s despis$ by ! great & opul5t1 t con/itutes1 be x rememb]$1 ! nurs]y = soldi]s4 ,?us1 f k+s to %eph]ds1 f ! sceptre to ! scy!1 all is animation & prosp]ity1 & ! pr9ciple 9 "q gives new =ce to e ex]tion4 ,aft] hav+ asc]ta9$ :e!r x is b5eficial to a ,/ate t ! cultivators %\ld be proprietors1 x rema9s to be %[n h[ f> ?is pr9ciple may be prop]ly c>ri$4 ,x has happ5$1 9 m k+doms ?an "o1 t ! emancipat$ s]f has atta9$ su* weal? by 8 skill & indu/ry z has enabl$ him to occupy ! /ation ( 8 =m] ma/]s1 :o h become r$uc$ & impov]i%$ by _! luxury4 ,he has pur*as$ _! l&s & assum$ _! titles2 ! old noblesse h be5 degrad$1 & ! new h be5 only envi$ & despis$4 ,ev]y?+ has be5 ?r[n into confusion4 ,^? nations :i* h p]mitt$ su* usurpations1 h be5 ! sport & scorn ( su* z h secur$ !mselves aga9/ an evil s baneful4 ,! errors ( "o gov]nm5t may become a lesson = o!rs4 ,!y pr(it by its wise & salut>y in/itutions2 !y may avoid ! evil x has incurr$ ?r\gh ^? ( an opposite t5d5cy4 ,x is s easy to oppose ! re/rictions ( law to ! cupidity & arrogance ( up/>t proprietors1 to fix ! ext5t ( l&s :i* weal?y plebeians may be all[$ to pur*ase1 to prev5t _! acquisition ( l>ge seigniorial prop]ty & privileges1 t a firm & wise gov]nm5t c nev] h cause to rep5t ( hav+ enfran*is$ s]vitude & enri*$ indig5ce4 ,a good is nev] productive ( evil b :5 x is c>ri$ to a culpable excess1 9 :i* case x completely ceases to be a good4 ,! examples ( o!r nations supply a w>n+2 & on ?is pr9ciple x is easy to expla9 :y ^? communities1 :i* h mo/ rec5tly atta9$ civilization & regul> gov]nm5t1 frequ5tly surpass ! ma/]s f :om !y drew _! lessons4 ,,prophecies4 ,,section ,i4 ,?is ^w1 9 its ord9>y acceptation1 signifies pr$iction ( ! future4 ,x is 9 ?is s5se t ,jesus decl>$ to ,8 disciples3 ,all ?+s mu/ be fulfill$ :i* 7 writt5 9 ! law ( ,moses1 & 9 ! ,prophets1 & 9 ! ,psalms1 conc]n+ ,me4 ,!n op5$ ,he _! und]/&+ t !y might und]/& ! ,scriptures4 ,we %all feel ! indisp5sable necessity ( hav+ our m9ds op5$ to compreh5d ! prophecies1 if we reflect t ! ,jews1 :o 7 ! depositories ( !m1 c\ld nev] recognize ,jesus = ! ,messiah1 & t = eighte5 c5turies our !ologians h disput$ ) !m to fix ! s5se ( "s :i* !y endeavor to apply to ,jesus4 ,su* is t ( ,jacob--,! sceptre %all n dep>t f ,judah1 nor a lawgiv] f betwe5 8 feet1 until ,%iloh come4 ,t ( ,moses--,! ,"l ?y ,god w raise up unto !e a prophet l unto me f ! nations & f ?y bre?r52 unto ,him %all ye he>k54 ,t ( ,isaiah--,behold a virg9 %all conceive & br+ =? a son1 & %all call 8 "n ,immanuel4 ,t ( ,daniel--,sev5ty weeks h be5 det]m9$ 9 favor ( ?y p1 etc4 ,b our object "h is n to ent] into !ological detail4 ,let u m]ely obs]ve :at is said 9 ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les1 t 9 giv+ a successor to ,judas1 & on o!r occasions1 !y act$ expressly to accompli% prophecies2 b ! apo/les !mselves sometimes quote su* z are n f\nd 9 ! ,jewi% writ+s2 su* is t alleg$ by ,/4 ,mat!w3 ,& ,he came & dwelt 9 a city call$ ,naz>e?1 t x might be fulfill$ :i* 0 spok5 by ! prophets1 ,he %all be call$ a ,naz>5e4 ,/4 ,jude1 9 8 epi/le1 also quotes a prophecy f ! book ( ,eno*1 :i* is apocryphal2 & ! au?or ( ! imp]fect "w on ,/4 ,mat!w1 speak+ ( ! /> se5 9 ! ,ea/ by ! ,magi1 expresses himself 9 ^! t]ms3 ,x is relat$ to me on ! evid5ce ( ,i "k n :at writ+1 :i* is n au!ntic1 b :i* f> f de/roy+ fai? enc\rages x1 t !re 0 a nation on ! bord]s ( ! ea/]n ocean :i* possess$ a book t be>s ! "n ( ,se?1 9 :i* ! /> t appe>$ to ! ,magi is spok5 (1 & ! pres5ts :i* ^! ,magi (f]$ to ! ,son ( ,god4 ,?is nation1 in/ruct$ by ! book 9 "q1 *ose twelve ( ! mo/ religi\s p]sons among/ !m1 & *>g$ !m ) ! c>e ( obs]v+ :5ev] ?is /> %\ld appe>4 ,:5 any ( !m di$1 !y sub/itut$ "o ( _! sons or relations4 ,!y 7 call$ magi 9 _! tongue1 because !y s]v$ ,god 9 sil5ce & ) a l[ voice4 ,^! ,magi w5t e ye>1 aft] ! corn h>ve/1 to a m\nta9 9 _! c\ntry1 :i* !y call$ ! ,m\nt ( ,victory1 & :i* is v agreeable on acc\nt ( ! f\nta9s t wat] & ! trees :i* cov] x4 ,!re is also a ci/]n dug 9 ! rock1 & aft] hav+ !re wa%$ & purifi$ !mselves1 !y (f]$ sacrifices & pray$ to ,god 9 sil5ce = ?ree days4 ,!y _h n cont9u$ ?is pi\s practice = _m g5]ations1 :5 ! happy /> desc5d$ on _! m\nta94 ,!y saw 9 x ! figure ( a little *ild1 on :i* !re appe>$ t ( ! cross4 ,x spoke to !m & told !m to g to ,juda4 ,!y imm$iately dep>t$1 ! /> always go+ be=e !m1 & 7 two days on ! road4 ,?is prophecy ( ! book ( ,se? resembles t ( ,zorodas*t or ,zoroa/]1 except t ! figure se5 9 8 /> 0 t ( a "y virg91 & ,zoroa/] says n t !re 0 a cross on h]4 ,?is prophecy1 quot$ 9 ! ,gospel ( ! ,infancy1 is ?us relat$ by ,abulph>agius3 ,zoroa/]1 ! ma/] ( ! ,magi1 in/ruct$ ! ,p]sians ( ! future manife/ation ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 & comm&$ !m to (f] ,him pres5ts :5 ,he 0 born4 ,he w>n$ !m t 9 future times a virg9 %\ld conceive )\t ! op]ation ( any man1 & t :5 %e br\ght h] ,son into ! _w1 a /> %\ld appe> :i* w\ld %9e at noonday1 9 ! mid/ ( :i* !y w\ld see ! figure ( a "y virg94 ',y1 my *ildr51' adds ,zoroa/]1 'w see x be=e all nations4 ,:51 !re=e1 y see ?is /> appe>1 g :]e x w conduct y4 ,adore ?is dawn+ *ild2 (f] x pres5ts1 = x is ! ^w :i* creat$ heav54' ,! accompli%m5t ( ?is prophecy is relat$ 9 ,pl9y's ,natural ,hi/ory2 b besides t ! appe>ance ( ! /> %\ld h prec$$ ! bir? ( ,jesus by ab\t =ty ye>s1 ?is passage seems v suspici\s to s*ol>s1 & is n ! fir/ nor only "o :i* might h be5 int]polat$ 9 favor ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,?is is ! exact acc\nt ( x3 ,!re appe>$ at ,rome = sev5 days a comet s brilliant t ! sight ( x c\ld sc>cely be support$2 9 ! middle ( x a god 0 p]ceiv$ "u ! human =m2 !y took x = ! s\l ( ,julius ,cs>1 :o _h j di$1 & ador$ x 9 a p>ticul> temple4 ,m4 ,ass]many1 9 8 ,ea/]n ,libr>y1 also speaks ( a book ( ,solomon1 ar*bi%op ( ,bassora1 entitl$ ,! ,bee1 9 :i* !re is a *apt] on ?is pr$iction ( ,zoroa/]4 ,hornius1 :o d\bt$ n its au!nticity1 has pret5d$ t ,zoroa/] 0 ,balaam1 & t 0 v likely1 because ,orig51 9 8 fir/ book aga9/ ,celsus1 says t ! ,magi _h no d\bt ( ! prophecies ( ,balaam1 ( :i* ^! words are f\nd 9 ,numb]s3 ,!re %all come a /> out ( ,jacob1 & a sceptre %all rise out ( ,israel4 ,b ,balaam 0 no m a ,jew ?an ,zoroa/]1 s9ce he said himself t he came f ,aram--f ! m\nta9s ( ! ,ea/4 ,besides1 ,/4 ,paul speaks expressly to ,titus ( a ,cretan prophet1 & ,/4 ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria ackn[l$g$ t ,god1 wi%+ to save ! ,jews1 gave !m prophets2 ) ! same motive1 ,he ev] creat$ ! mo/ excell5t m5 ( ,greece2 ^? :o 7 ! mo/ prop] to receive ,8 grace1 ,he sep>at$ f ! vulg>1 to be prophets ( ! ,greeks1 9 ord] to in/ruct !m 9 _! own tongue4 ,has n ,plato1 he fur!r says1 9 "s mann] pr$ict$ ! plan ( salvation1 :5 9 ! second book ( 8 ',republic1' he has imitat$ ?is expression ( ,scripture3 ',let u sep>ate ourselves f ! ,j1 = he incommodes u'2 & he expresses himself 9 ^! t]ms3 ',! ,j %all be beat5 ) rods1 ,8 eyes %all be put out1 & aft] suff]+ all sorts ( evils1 ,he %all at la/ be crucifi$4' ,/4 ,clem5t might h add$1 t if ,jesus ,*ri/'s eyes 7 n put out1 not)/&+ ! prophecy1 nei!r 7 ,8 bones brok51 ?\gh x is said 9 a psalm3 ,:ile !y break ,my bones1 ,my enemies :o p]secute ,me ov]:elm ,me ) _! reproa*es4 ,on ! contr>y1 ,/4 ,john says positively t ! soldi]s broke ! legs ( two o!rs :o 7 crucifi$ ) ,him1 b !y broke n ^? ( ,jesus1 t ! ,scripture might be fulfill$3 ,a bone ( ,him %all n be brok54 ,?is ,scripture1 quot$ by ,/4 ,john1 ext5d$ to ! lett] ( ! pas*al lamb1 :i* ought to be eat5 by ! ,israelites2 b ,john ! ,bapti/ hav+ call$ ,jesus ! ,lamb ( ,god1 n only 0 ! application ( x giv5 to ,him1 b x is ev5 pret5d$ t ,8 dea? 0 pr$ict$ by ,confucius4 ,spizeli quotes ! hi/ory ( ,*9a by ,mait9us1 9 :i* x is relat$ t 9 ! ?irty-n9? ye> ( ! reign ( ,k+-hi1 "s hunt]s outside ! gates ( ! t[n kill$ a r>e animal :i* ! ,*9ese call$ kil91 t is to say1 ! ,lamb ( ,god4 ,at ?is news1 ,confucius /ruck 8 brea/1 sigh$ pr(\ndly1 & exclaim$ m ?an once3 ,kil91 :o has said t ?\ art come8 ,he add$3 ,my doctr9e draws to an end2 x w no long] be ( use1 s9ce y w appe>4 ,ano!r prophecy ( ! same ,confucius is also f\nd 9 8 second book1 :i* is appli$ equally to ,jesus1 ?\gh ,he is n designat$ "u ! "n ( ! ,lamb ( ,god4 ,?is is x3 ,we ne$ n fe> b t :5 ! expect$ ,holy ,"o %all come1 all ! honor w be r5d]$ to ,8 virtue :i* is due to x4 ,8 works w be con=mable to ! laws ( heav5 & e>?4 ,^! contradictory prophecies f\nd 9 ! ,jewi% books seem to excuse _! ob/9acy1 & give good reason = ! emb>rassm5t ( our !ologians 9 _! controv]sy ) !m4 ,fur!r1 ^? :i* we are ab\t to relate ( o!r p1 prove t ! au?or ( ,numb]s1 ! apo/les & fa!rs1 recogniz$ prophets 9 all nations4 ,! ,arabs also pret5d ?is1 :o reckon a hundr$ & eighty ?\s& prophets f ! creation ( ! _w to ,mahomet1 & believe t ea* ( !m 0 s5t to a p>ticul> nation4 ,we %all speak ( prophetesses 9 ! article on ,sibyls4 ,,section ,,ii4 ,prophets /ill exi/3 we _h two at ! ,bictre 9 #agbc1 bo? call+ !mselves ,elias4 ,!y 7 :ipp$2 :i* put x out ( all d\bt4 ,be=e ! prophets ( ,cv5nes1 :o fir$ (f _! guns f beh9d h$ges 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l 9 #agjd1 ,holl& _h ! fam\s ,pet] ,jurieu1 :o publi%$ ! ,accompli%m5t ( ! ,prophecies4 ,b t ,holl& may n be too pr\d1 he 0 born 9 ,france1 9 a little t[n call$ ,m]1 ne> ,orleans4 ,h[ev]1 x mu/ be confess$ t x 0 at ,rott]dam alone t ,god call$ him to prophesy4 ,?is ,jurieu1 l _m o!rs1 saw cle>ly t ! pope 0 ! bea/ 9 ! ,apocalypse1 t he held poculum aureum pl5um abom9ationum1 ! gold5 cup full ( abom9ations2 t ! f\r fir/ lett]s ( ^! f\r ,lat9 words =m$ ! ^w papa2 t consequ5tly 8 reign 0 ab\t to f9i%2 t ! ,jews w\ld re-ent] ,j]usalem2 t !y w\ld reign ov] ! :ole _w dur+ a ?\s& ye>s2 aft] :i* w\ld come ! ,anti*ri/2 f9ally1 ,jesus seat$ on a cl\d w\ld judge ! quick & ! dead4 ,jurieu prophesies expressly t ! "t ( ! great revolution & ! entire fall ( papi/ry w fall ju/ly 9 ! ye> #afhi1 :i* ,i hold1 says he1 to be ! "t ( ! apocalyptic v9tage1 = ! two witnesses w revive at ?is "t2 aft] :i*1 ,france w break ) ! pope be=e ! end ( ?is c5tury1 or at ! comm5cem5t ( ! next1 & ! re/ ( ! anti-,*ri/ian empire w be ev]y:]e aboli%$4 ,! disjunctive p>ticle or1 t sign ( d\bt1 is n 9 ! mann] ( an adroit man4 ,a prophet %\ld n hesitate2 he may be obscure1 b he ought to be sure ( 8 fact4 ,! revolution 9 papi/ry n happ5+ 9 #afhi1 z ,pet] ,jurieu pr$ict$1 he quickly publi%$ a new edition1 9 :i* he assur$ ! public t x w\ld be 9 #afij2 &1 :at is m a/oni%+1 ?is edition 0 imm$iately foll[$ by ano!r4 ,x w\ld h be5 v b5eficial if ,bayle's ,diction>y _h _h su* a run 9 ! fir/ in/ance2 ! works ( ! latt] h1 h[ev]1 rema9$1 :ile ^? ( ,pet] ,jurieu are n ev5 to be f\nd by ! side ( ,no/radamus4 ,all 0 n left to a s+le prophet4 ,an ,engli% ,presbyt]ian1 :o /udi$ at ,utre*t1 combat$ all :i* ,jurieu said on ! sev5 vials & sev5 trumpets ( ! ,apocalypse1 on ! reign ( a ?\s& ye>s1 ! conv]sion ( ! ,jews1 & ev5 on ,anti*ri/4 ,ea* support$ himself by ! au?ority ( ,cocceius1 ,cot]us1 ,drabicius1 & ,comm5ius1 great prec$+ prophets1 & by ! prophetess ,*ri/9a4 ,! two *ampions conf9$ !mselves to writ+2 we hop$ !y w\ld give ea* o!r bl[s1 z ,z$ekiah smack$ ! face ( ,micaiah1 say+3 ,:i* way w5t ! _s ( ! ,"l f my h& to ?y *eek8 or lit]ally3 ,h[ has ! _s pass$ f !e to me8 ,! public _h n ?is satisfaction1 :i* is a great pity4 ,,section ,,iii4 ,x belongs to ! infallible *ur* alone to fix ! true s5se ( prophecies1 = ! ,jews h always ma9ta9$1 ) _! usual ob/9acy1 t no prophecy c\ld reg>d ,jesus ,*ri/2 & ! ,fa!rs ( ! ,*ur* c\ld n dispute ) !m ) advantage1 s9ce1 except ,/4 ,ephrem1 ! great ,orig51 & ,/4 ,j]ome1 !re 0 nev] any ,fa!r ( ! ,*ur* :o knew a ^w ( ,hebrew4 ,x is n until ! n9? c5tury t ,raban ! ,moor1 aft]w>ds bi%op ( ,may5ce1 le>n$ ! ,jewi% language4 ,8 example 0 foll[$ by "s o!rs1 & !n !y began disput+ ) ! rabbi on ! s5se ( ! prophecies4 ,raban 0 a/oni%$ at ! blasphemies :i* !y utt]$ aga9/ our ,savi\r2 call+ ,him a ba/>d1 impi\s son ( ,pan!r1 & say+ t x is n p]mitt$ !m to pray to ,god )\t curs+ ,jesus3 ,quod nulla oratio posset apud ,deum accepta esse nisi 9 ea ,dom9um no/rum ,jesum ,*ri/um mal$icant4 ,confit5tes eum esse impium et filium impii1 id e/1 nescio cujus ?nici qu]n nom9ant ,pan!ra1 a quo dicunt matrem ,dom9i adult]atam4 ,^! horrible pr(anations are f\nd 9 sev]al places 9 ! ,talmud1 9 ! books ( ,niza*on1 9 ! dispute ( ,rittangel1 9 ^? ( ,je*iel & ,na*manides1 entitl$ ! ,bulw>k ( ,fai?1 & above all 9 ! abom9able "w ( ! ,toldos ,jes*ut4 ,x is p>ticul>ly 9 ! ,bulw>k ( ,fai? ( ! ,rabb9 ,isaac1 t !y int]pret all ! prophecies :i* ann\nce ,jesus ,*ri/ by apply+ !m to o!r p]sons4 ,we are !re assur$ t ! ,tr9ity is n allud$ to 9 any ,hebrew book1 & t !re is n f\nd 9 !m ! slighte/ trace ( our holy religion4 ,on ! contr>y1 !y po9t out a hundr$ passages1 :i*1 accord+ to !m1 ass]t t ! ,mosaic law %\ld et]nally rema94 ,! fam\s passage :i* %\ld conf\nd ! ,jews1 & make ! ,*ri/ian religion triumph 9 ! op9ion ( all our great !ologians1 is t ( ,isaiah3 ,behold a virg9 %all conceive & be> a son1 & %all call 8 "n ,immanuel4 ,butt] & honey %all he eat1 t he may "k h[ to refuse ! evil1 & *oose ! good4 ,= be=e ! *ild %all "k h[ to refuse ! evil & *oose ! good1 ! l& t ?\ abhorre/ %all be =sak5 ( bo? h] k+s4 ,& x %all come to pass 9 t day1 t ! ,"l %all :i/le = ! flies t are 9 ! brooks ( ,egypt1 & = ! bees t are 9 ! l& ( ,assyria4 ,9 ! same day %all ! ,"l %ave ) a razor t is hir$1 namely1 by !m beyond ! riv]1 by ! k+ ( ,assyria1 ! head & ! hair ( ! g5itals1 & he w also consume ! be>d4 ,moreov]1 ! ,"l said unto me1 take !e a great roll1 & write 9 x ) a man's p5 conc]n+ ,mah]-%alal-ha%-baz4 ,& ,i took unto me fai?ful witnesses to record1 ,uriah ! prie/1 & ,za*>iah ! son ( ,jeb]e*iah4 ,& ,i w5t 9 unto ! prophetess2 & %e conceiv$ & b>e a son2 !n said ! ,"l to me1 call 8 "n ,mah]-%alal-ha%-baz4 ,= be=e ! *ild %all h k to cry my fa!r & my "m1 ! ri*es ( ,damascus1 & ! spoil ( ,sam>ia1 %all be tak5 away be=e ! k+ ( ,assyria4 ,! ,rabb9 ,isaac affirms1 ) all ! o!r doctors ( 8 law1 t ! ,hebrew ^w alma sometimes signifies a virg9 & sometimes a m>ri$ woman2 t ,ru? is call$ alma :5 %e 0 a "m2 t ev5 an adult]ess is sometimes call$ alma2 t nobody is meant "h b ! wife ( ! prophet ,isaiah2 t h] son 0 n call$ ,immanuel1 b ,mah]-%alal-ha%-baz2 t :5 ?is son %\ld eat honey & butt]1 ! two k+s :o besieg$ ,j]usalem w\ld be driv5 f ! c\ntry1 etc4 ,?us ^! bl9d int]pret]s ( _! own religion1 & _! own language1 combat$ ) ! ,*ur*1 & ob/9ately ma9ta9$1 t ?is prophecy _c 9 any mann] reg>d ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,we h a ?\s& times refut$ _! explication 9 our mod]n languages4 ,we h employ$ =ce1 gibbets1 racks1 & flames2 yet !y w n give up4 ,he has borne our ills1 he has su/a9$ our griefs1 & we h beheld him afflict$ ) sores1 /rick5 by ,god1 & afflict$4 ,h[ev] /rik+ ?is pr$iction may appe> to u1 ^! ob/9ate ,jews say t x has no relation%ip to ,jesus ,*ri/1 & t x c only reg>d ! prophets :o 7 p]secut$ = ! s9s ( ! p4 ,& behold my s]vant %all prosp]1 %all be honor$1 & rais$ v high4 ,!y say1 fur!r1 t ! =ego+ passage reg>ds n ,jesus ,*ri/ b ,david2 t ?is k+ really did prosp]1 b t ,jesus1 :om !y d5y1 did n prosp]4 ,behold ,i w make a new pact ) ! h\se ( ,israel1 & ) ! h\se ( ,judah4 ,!y say t ?is passage signifies n1 accord+ to ! lett] & ! s5se1 any?+ m ?an--,i w r5ew my cov5ant ) ,judah & ) ,israel4 ,h[ev]1 ?is pact has n be5 r5ew$2 & !y _c make a worse b>ga9 ?an !y h made4 ,no matt]1 !y are ob/9ate4 ,b ?\1 ,be?lehem ,ephratah1 ?\gh ?\ be little among ! ?\s&s ( ,judah1 yet out ( !e %all come =? a rul] 9 ,israel2 ^: go+s =? h be5 f ( old1 f ev]la/+4 ,!y d>e to d5y t ?is prophecy applies to ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,!y say t x is evid5t t ,micah speaks ( "s native capta9 ( ,be?lehem1 :o %all ga9 "s advantage 9 ! w> aga9/ ! ,babylonians3 = ! mom5t aft] he speaks ( ! hi/ory ( ,babylon1 & ( ! sev5 capta9s :o elect$ ,d>ius4 ,& if we demon/rate t he treat$ ( ! ,messiah1 !y /ill w n agree4 ,! ,jews are grossly deceiv$ 9 ,judah1 :o %\ld be a lion1 & :o has only be5 an ass "u ! ,p]sians1 ,alex&]1 ! ,seleucides1 ,ptolemys1 ,romans1 ,arabs1 & ,turks4 ,!y "k n :at is und]/ood by ! ,%iloh1 & by ! rod1 & ! ?igh ( ,judah4 ,! rod has be5 9 ,juda b a v %ort "t4 ,!y say mis]able ?+s2 b ! ,abb ,h\teville says n mu* m ) 8 phrases1 8 neologism1 & oratorical eloqu5ce2 a writ] :o always puts words 9 ! place ( ?+s1 & :o proposes v difficult objections m]ely to reply to !m by fro?y disc\rse1 or idle words6 ,all ?is is1 !re=e1 labor 9 va92 & :5 ! ,fr5* abb w\ld make a /ill l>g] book1 :5 he w\ld add to ! five or six ?\s& volumes :i* we h on ! subject1 we %all only be m fatigu$1 )\t advanc+ a s+le /ep4 ,we are1 !re=e1 plung$ 9 a *aos :i* x is impossible = ! weakness ( ! human m9d to set 9 ord]4 ,once m1 we h ne$ ( a *ur* :i* judges )\t appeal4 ,= 9 fact1 if a ,*9ese1 a ,t>t>1 or an ,african1 r$uc$ to ! mis=tune ( hav+ only good s5se1 read all ^! prophecies1 x w\ld be impossible = him to apply !m to ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! ,jews1 or to anyone else4 ,he w\ld be 9 a/oni%m5t & unc]ta9ty1 w\ld conceive no?+1 & w\ld n h a s+le di/9ct idea4 ,he c\ld n take a /ep 9 ?is abyss )\t a guide4 ,) ?is guide1 he arrives n only at ! sanctu>y ( virtue1 b at good canon-%ips1 at l>ge comm&]ies1 opul5t abbeys1 ! crosi]$ & mitr$ abbots ( :i* are call$ monseigneur by 8 monks & peasants1 & to bi%oprics :i* give ! title ( pr9ce4 ,9 a ^w1 he enjoys e>?1 & is sure ( possess+ heav54 ,,prophets4 ,! prophet ,jurieu 0 hiss$2 ! prophets ( ! ,cv5nes 7 hang$ or rack$2 ! prophets :o w5t f ,langu$oc & ,dauph9y to ,london 7 put 9 ! pillory2 ! ,anabapti/ prophets 7 condemn$ to v>i\s modes & degrees ( puni%m5t2 & ! prophet ,savon>ola 0 bak$ at ,flor5ce4 ,if1 9 connection ) ^!1 we may adv]t to ! case ( ! g5u9e ,jewi% prophets1 we %all p]ceive _! de/9y to h be5 no less un=tunate2 ! greate/ prophet among ! ,jews1 ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/1 0 behead$4 ,za*>iah is /at$ to h be5 assass9at$2 b1 happily1 ?is is n absolutely prov$4 ,! prophet ,j$do1 or ,addo1 :o 0 s5t to ,be!l "u ! injunction nei!r to eat nor dr9k1 hav+ un=tunately ta/$ a morsel ( bread1 0 dev\r$ 9 8 turn by a lion2 & 8 bones 7 f\nd on ! highway betwe5 ! lion & 8 ass4 ,jonah 0 swall[$ by a fi%4 ,he did n1 x is true1 rema9 9 ! fi%'s /oma* m ?an ?ree days & ?ree nights2 ev5 ?is1 h[ev]1 0 pass+ ?reescore & twelve h\rs v uncom=tably4 ,habakkuk 0 transport$ ?r\gh ! air1 susp5d$ by ! hair ( 8 head1 to ,babylon2 ?is 0 n a fatal or p]man5t calamity1 c]ta9ly2 b x mu/ h be5 an exce$+ly uncom=table me?od ( travell+4 ,a man c\ld n help suff]+ a great deal by be+ susp5d$ by 8 hair dur+ a j\rney ( ?ree hundr$ miles4 ,i c]ta9ly %\ld h pref]r$ a pair ( w+s1 or ! m>e ,borak1 or ! ,hippogriffe4 ,micaiah1 ! son ( ,imla1 saw ! ,"l seat$ on ,8 ?rone1 surr\nd$ by ,8 army ( cele/ial spirits2 & ! ,"l hav+ inquir$ :o c\ld be f\nd to g & deceive ,k+ ,ahab1 a demon volunte]$ = t purpose1 & 0 accord+ly *>g$ ) ! commission2 & ,micaiah1 on ! "p ( ! ,"l1 gave ,k+ ,ahab an acc\nt ( ?is cele/ial adv5ture4 ,he 0 rew>d$ = ?is communication by a trem5d\s bl[ on 8 face f ! h& ( ! prophet ,z$ekiah1 & by be+ %ut up = "s days 9 a dungeon4 ,8 puni%m5t might und\bt$ly h be5 m sev]e2 b /ill1 x is unpleasant & pa9ful en\gh = a man :o kn[s & feels himself div9ely inspir$ to be knock$ ab\t 9 s co>se & vulg> a mann]1 & conf9$ 9 a damp & dirty hole ( a prison4 ,x is believ$ t ,k+ ,amaziah _h ! tee? ( ! prophet ,amos pull$ out to prev5t him f speak+2 n t a p]son )\t tee? is absolutely incapable ( speak+1 z we see _m too?less old ladies z loquaci\s & *att]+ z ev]2 b a prophecy %\ld be utt]$ ) great di/9ctness2 & a too?less prophet is nev] li/5$ to ) ! respect due to 8 "*4 ,b>u* exp]i5c$ v>i\s p]secutions4 ,ezekiel 0 /on$ by ! companions ( 8 slav]y4 ,x is n asc]ta9$ :e!r ,j]emiah 0 /on$ or saw$ asund]4 ,isaiah is consid]$ z hav+ be5 inconte/ably saw$ to dea? by ord] ( ,manasseh1 k+ ( ,judah4 ,x _c be d5i$1 t ! occupation ( a prophet is exce$+ly irksome & dang]\s4 ,= "o :o1 l ,elijah1 sets (f on 8 t\r among ! planets 9 a *>iot ( light1 drawn by f\r :ite horses1 !re are a hundr$ :o travel on foot1 & are oblig$ to beg _! subsi/5ce f door to door4 ,!y may be comp>$ to ,hom]1 :o1 we are told1 0 r$uc$ to be a m5dicant 9 ! same sev5 cities :i* aft]w>ds %>ply disput$ ) ea* o!r ! honor ( hav+ giv5 him bir?4 ,8 comm5tators h attribut$ to him an inf9ity ( allegories :i* he nev] ev5 ?\ght (2 & prophets h frequ5tly _h ! l honor conf]r$ ^u !m4 ,i by no means d5y t !re may h exi/$ else:]e p]sons possess$ ( a k ( ! future4 ,x is only requisite = a man to "w up 8 s\l to a high /ate ( excitation1 accord+ to ! doctr9e ( "o ( our d\ghty mod]n philosoph]s1 :o speculates ^u bor+ ! e>? ?r\gh to ! ,antipodes1 & cur+ ! sick by cov]+ !m all ov] ) pit*-pla/]4 ,! ,jews possess$ ?is faculty ( exalt+ & excit+ ! s\l to su* a degree t !y saw e future ev5t z cle>ly z possible2 only un=tunately1 x is difficult to decide :e!r by ,j]usalem !y always mean et]nal life2 :e!r ,babylon means ,london or ,p>is2 :e!r1 :5 !y speak ( a gr& d9n]1 !y really mean a fa/1 & :e!r r$ w9e means blood1 & a r$ mantle fai?1 & a :ite mantle *>ity4 ,inde$1 ! correct & complete und]/&+ ( ! prophets is ! mo/ ardu\s atta9m5t ( ! human m9d4 ,!re is likewise a fur!r difficulty ) respect to ! ,jewi% prophets1 :i* is1 t _m among !m 7 ,sam>itan h]etics4 ,hosea 0 ( ! tribe ( ,issa*>1 :i* dwelt 9 ! ,sam>itan t]ritory1 & ,eli%a & ,elijah 7 ( ! same tribe4 ,b ! objection is v easily answ]$4 ,we well "k t ! w9d bl[e? :]e x li/e?1 & t grace lights on ! mo/ dry & b>r51 z well z on ! mo/ f]tile soil4 ,,provid5ce4 ,i 0 at ! grate ( ! conv5t :5 ,si/] ,fessue said to ,si/] ,confite3 ,provid5ce takes a visible c>e ( me2 y "k h[ ,i love my sp>r[2 he w\ld h be5 dead if ,i _h n said n9e ave-m>ias to obta9 8 cure4 ,god has re/or$ my sp>r[ to life2 ?anks to ! ,holy ,virg94 ,a metaphysician said to h]3 ,si/]1 !re is no?+ s good z ave-m>ias1 especially :5 a girl pron\nces !m 9 ,lat9 9 ! suburbs ( ,p>is2 b ,i _c believe t ,god has occupi$ ,himself s mu* ) y\r sp>r[1 pretty z he is2 ,i pray y to believe t ,he has o!r matt]s to att5d to4 ,x is necess>y = ,him con/antly to sup]9t5d ! c\rse ( sixte5 planets & ! ris+ ( ,saturn1 9 ! c5tre ( :i* ,he has plac$ ! sun1 :i* is z l>ge z a million ( our globes4 ,he has also ?\s&s & ?\s&s ( millions ( o!r suns1 planets1 & comets to gov]n4 ,8 immutable laws1 & ,8 et]nal arrangem5t1 produce motion ?r\gh\t nature2 all is b\nd to ,8 ?rone by an inf9ite *a91 ( :i* no l9k c ev] be put out ( place6 ,if c]ta9 ave-m>ias _h caus$ ! sp>r[ ( ,si/] ,fessue to live an in/ant long] ?an x w\ld naturally h liv$1 x w\ld h violat$ all ! laws impos$ f et]nity by ! ,great ,be+2 x w\ld h d]ang$ ! univ]se2 a new _w1 a new ,god1 & a new ord] ( exi/5ce w\ld h be5 r5d]$ unavoidable4 ,,si/] ,,fessue4--,:at6 d y ?9k t ,god pays s little att5tion to ,si/] ,fessue8 ,,metaphysician4--,i am sorry to in=m y1 t l myself y are b an imp]ceptible l9k 9 ! great *a92 t y\r organs1 ^? ( y\r sp>r[1 & my own1 are de/9$ to subsi/ a det]m9ate numb] ( m9utes 9 ! suburbs ( ,p>is4 ,,si/] ,,fessue4--,if s1 ,i 0 pr$e/9$ to say a c]ta9 numb] ( ave-m>ias4 ,,metaphysician4--,yes2 b !y h n oblig$ ! ,deity to prolong ! life ( y\r sp>r[ beyond 8 t]m4 ,x has be5 s ord]$1 t 9 ?is conv5t at a c]ta9 h\r y %\ld pron\nce1 l a p>rot1 c]ta9 words 9 a c]ta9 language :i* y d n und]/&2 t ?is bird1 produc$ l y\rself by ! irresi/ible action ( g5]al laws1 hav+ be5 sick1 %\ld get bett]2 t y %\ld imag9e t y _h cur$ x1 & t we %\ld hold toge!r ?is conv]sation4 ,,si/] ,,fessue4--,sir1 ?is disc\rse savors ( h]esy4 ,my confessor1 ! rev]5d ,fa!r de ,m5\1 w inf] t y d n believe 9 ,provid5ce4 ,,metaphysician4--,i believe 9 a g5]al ,provid5ce1 de> si/]1 :i* has laid d[n f all et]nity ! law :i* gov]ns all ?+s1 l light f ! sun2 b ,i believe n t a p>ticul> ,provid5ce *anges ! economy ( ! _w = y\r sp>r[ or y\r cat4 ,,si/] ,,fessue4--,b suppose my confessor tells y1 z he has told me1 t ,god *anges ,8 int5tions e day 9 favor ( ! dev\t8 ,,metaphysician4--,he w\ld ass]t ! greate/ absurdity t a confessor ( girls c\ld possibly utt] to a be+ :o ?9ks4 ,,si/] ,,fessue4--,my confessor absurd6 ,holy ,virg9 ,m>y6 ,,metaphysician4--,i d n g s f> z t4 ,i only obs]ve t he _c1 by an enorm\sly absurd ass]tion1 ju/ify ! false pr9ciples :i* he has in/ill$ into y--possibly v adroitly--9 ord] to gov]n y4 ,,si/] ,,fessue4--,t obs]vation m]its reflection4 ,i w ?9k ( x4 ,,purgatory4 ,x is v s+ul> t ! ,prote/ant *ur*es agree 9 exclaim+ t purgatory 0 inv5t$ by ! monks4 ,x is true t !y inv5t$ ! art ( draw+ money f ! liv+ by pray+ to ,god = ! dead2 b purgatory exi/$ be=e ! monks4 ,x 0 ,pope ,john ,,xiv41 say !y1 :o1 t[>ds ! middle ( ! t5? c5tury1 in/itut$ ! fea/ ( ! dead4 ,f t fact1 h[ev]1 ,i only conclude t !y 7 pray$ = be=e2 = if !y !n took measures to pray = all1 x is reasonable to believe t !y _h previ\sly pray$ = "s ( !m2 9 ! same way z ! fea/ ( ,all ,sa9ts 0 in/itut$1 because ! fea/ ( _m ( !m _h be5 previ\sly celebrat$4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ! fea/ ( ,all ,sa9ts & t ( ! dead1 is1 t 9 ! fir/ we invoke1 & t 9 ! second we are invok$2 9 ! =m] we comm5d ourselves to ! bless$1 & 9 ! second ! unbless$ comm5d !mselves to u4 ,! mo/ ignorant writ]s "k1 t ?is fea/ 0 fir/ in/itut$ at ,cluny1 :i* 0 !n a t]ritory belong+ to ! ,g]man ,empire4 ,is x necess>y to repeat1 t ,/4 ,odilon1 abbot ( ,cluny1 0 accu/om$ to deliv] _m s\ls f purgatory by 8 masses & 8 pray]s2 & t "o day a knight or a monk1 return+ f ! holy l&1 0 ca/ by a tempe/1 on a small isl&1 :]e he met ) a h]mit1 :o said to him1 t 9 t isl& exi/$ enorm\s cav]ns ( fire & flames1 9 :i* ! wick$ 7 torm5t$2 & t he (t5 he>d ! devils compla9 ( ! ,abbot ,odilon & 8 monks1 :o e day deliv]$ "s s\l or o!r2 = :i* reason x 0 necess>y to reque/ ,odilon to cont9ue 8 ex]tions1 at once to increase ! joy ( ! sa9ts 9 heav5 & ! grief ( ! demons 9 hell8 ,x is ?us t ,fa!r ,g]>d1 ! ,jesuit1 relates ! affair 9 8 ,fl[] ( ! ,sa9ts1 aft] ,fa!r ,ribad5eira4 ,fleury diff]s a little f ?is leg5d1 b has sub/antively pres]v$ x4 ,?is revelation induc$ ,/4 ,odilon to in/itute 9 ,cluny ! fea/ ( ! dead1 :i* 0 !n adopt$ by ! ,*ur*4 ,s9ce ?is "t1 purgatory has br\ght mu* money to ^? :o possess ! p[] ( op5+ ! gates4 ,x 0 by virtue ( ?is p[] t ,engli% ,john1 t great l&lord1 surnam$ ,lackl&1 by decl>+ himself ! liegeman ( ,pope ,innoc5t ,,iii41 & plac+ 8 k+dom "u submission1 deliv]$ ! s\ls ( 8 p>5ts1 :o _h be5 excommunicat$3 ,pro mortuo excommunico1 pro quo supplicant consangu9ei4 ,! ,roman *anc]y _h ev5 its regul> scale = ! absolution ( ! dead2 !re 7 _m privileg$ alt>s 9 ! fifte5? c5tury1 at :i* e mass p]=m$ = six li>ds deliv]$ a s\l f purgatory4 ,h]etics c\ld n asc5d beyond ! tru?1 t ! apo/les _h ! "r ( unb9d+ all :o 7 b\nd on e>?1 b n "u ! e>?2 & _m ( !m1 l impi\s p]sons1 d\bt$ ! p[] ( ! keys4 ,x is h[ev] to be rem>k$1 t :5 ! pope is incl9$ to remit five or six hundr$ ye>s ( purgatory1 he accords ! grace ) full p[]3 ,pro pote/ate a ,deo accepta conc$it4 ,( ! ,antiquity ( ,purgatory4 ,x is pret5d$ t purgatory 01 f "t immemorial1 kn[n to ! fam\s ,jewi% p1 & x is f\nd$ on ! second book ( ! ,maccabees1 :i* says expressly1 t !re be+ f\nd conceal$ 9 ! ve/m5ts ( ! ,jews 7at ! battle ( ,adullam71 ?+s consecrat$ to ! idols ( ,jamma1 x 0 manife/ t on t acc\nt !y _h p]i%$2 & hav+ made a ga!r+ ( twelve ?\s& dra*ms ( silv]1 ,judas1 :o ?\ght religi\sly ( ! resurrection1 s5t !m to ,j]usalem = ! s9s ( ! dead4 ,hav+ tak5 ^u ourselves ! task ( relat+ ! objections ( ! h]etics & infidels1 = ! purpose ( conf\nd+ !m by _! own op9ions1 we w detail "h ^! objections to ! twelve ?\s& dra*ms transmitt$ by ,judas2 & to purgatory4 ,!y say3 #a4 ,t twelve ?\s& dra*ms ( silv] 0 too mu* = ,judas ,maccabeus1 :o only ma9ta9$ a petty w> ( insurg5cy aga9/ a great k+4 #b4 ,t !y might s5d a pres5t to ,j]usalem = ! s9s ( ! dead1 9 ord] to br+ d[n ! bless+ ( ,god on ! survivors4 #c4 ,t ! idea ( a resurrection 0 n ent]ta9$ among ! ,jews at ?is "t1 x be+ asc]ta9$ t ?is doctr9e 0 n discuss$ among !m until ! "t ( ,gamaliel1 a little be=e ! m9i/ry ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 #d4 ,z ! laws ( ! ,jews includ$ 9 ! ,decalogue1 ,leviticus & ,deut]onomy1 h n spok5 ( ! immortality ( ! s\l1 nor ( ! torm5ts ( hell1 x 0 impossible t !y %\ld conta9 ! doctr9e ( purgatory4 #e4 ,h]etics & infidels make ! greate/ ef=ts to demon/rate 9 _! mann]1 t ! books ( ! ,maccabees are evid5tly apocryphal4 ,! foll[+ are _! pret5d$ pro(s3 ,! ,jews h nev] ackn[l$g$ ! books ( ! ,maccabees to be canonical1 :y !n %\ld we ackn[l$ge !m8 ,orig5 decl>es =mally t ! books ( ! ,maccabees are to be reject$1 & ,/4 ,j]ome reg>ds !m z unwor?y ( cr$it4 ,! ,c\ncil ( ,laodicea1 held 9 #efg1 admits !m n among ! canonical books4 ,! ,a?anasiuses1 ! ,cyrils1 & ! ,hil>ys1 h also reject$ !m4 ,! reasons = treat+ ! =ego+ books z romances1 & z v bad romances1 are z foll[s3 ,! ignorant au?or comm5ces by a falsehood1 kn[n to be su* by all ! _w4 ,he says3 ,alex&] call$ ! "y nobles1 :o _h be5 educat$ ) him f _! infancy1 & p>t$ 8 k+dom among !m :ile he /ill liv$4 ,s gross & absurd a lie c\ld n issue f ! p5 ( a sacr$ & inspir$ writ]4 ,! au?or ( ! ,maccabees1 9 speak+ ( ,antio*us ,epiphanes1 says3 ,antio*us m>*$ t[>ds ,elymais1 & wi%$ to pillage x1 b 0 n able1 because 8 int5tion 0 kn[n to ! inhabitants1 :o assembl$ 9 ord] to give him battle1 on :i* he dep>t$ ) great sadness1 & return$ to ,babylon4 ,:il/ he 0 /ill 9 ,p]sia1 he le>n$ t 8 army 9 ,juda _h fl$ 444 & he took to 8 b$ & di$4 ,! same writ] himself1 9 ano!r place1 says q ! contr>y2 = he relates t ,antio*us ,epiphanes 0 ab\t to pillage ,p]sepolis1 & n ,elymais2 t he fell f 8 *>iot2 t he 0 /rick5 ) an incurable w\nd2 t he 0 dev\r$ by worms2 t he dem&$ p>don ( ! god ( ! ,jews2 t he wi%$ himself to be a ,jew3 x is !re :]e we f9d ! celebrat$ v]sicle1 :i* fanatics h appli$ s frequ5tly to _! enemies2 ,orabet scele/us ille v5iam quam non erat consecuturus4 ,! wick$ man dem&e? a p>don1 :i* he _c obta94 ,?is passage is v ,jewi%2 b x is n p]mitt$ to an inspir$ writ] to contradict himself s flagrantly4 ,?is is n all3 behold ano!r contradiction1 & ano!r ov]sight4 ,! au?or makes ,antio*us die 9 a ?ird mann]1 s t !re is q a *oice4 ,he rem>ks t ?is pr9ce 0 /on$ 9 ! temple ( ,nanneus2 & ^? :o w\ld excuse ! /upidity pret5d t he "h speaks ( ,antio*us ,eupator2 b nei!r ,epiphanes nor ,eupator 0 /on$4 ,moreov]1 ?is au?or says1 t ano!r ,antio*us 7! ,great7 0 tak5 by ! ,romans1 & t !y gave to ,eum5es ! ,indies & ,m$ia4 ,?is is ab\t equal to say+ t ,francis ,i4 made a prison] ( ,h5ry ,,viii41 & t he gave ,turkey to ! duke ( ,savoy4 ,x is insult+ ! ,holy ,gho/ to imag9e x capable ( dictat+ s _m disgu/+ absurdities4 ,! same au?or says1 t ! ,romans conqu]$ ! ,galatians2 b !y did n conqu] ,galatia = m ?an a hundr$ ye>s aft]4 ,?us ! unhappy /ory-tell] did n write = m ?an a hundr$ ye>s aft] ! "t 9 :i* x 0 suppos$ t he wrote3 & x is ?us1 accord+ to ! infidels1 ) almo/ all ! ,jewi% books4 ,! same au?or obs]ves1 t ! ,romans e ye> nom9at$ a *ief ( ! s5ate4 ,behold a well-in=m$ man1 :o did n ev5 "k t ,rome _h two consuls6 ,:at reliance1 say infidels1 c be plac$ 9 ^! rhapsodies & pu]ile tales1 /rung toge!r )\t *oice or ord] by ! mo/ imbecile ( m58 ,h[ %ameful to believe 9 !m6 & ! b>b>ity ( p]secut+ s5sible m51 9 ord] to =ce a belief ( mis]able absurdities1 = :i* !y c\ld n b ent]ta9 ! mo/ sov]eign contempt1 is equal to t ( cannibals4 ,our answ] is1 t "s mi/akes :i* probably arose f ! copyi/s may n affect ! fundam5tal tru?s ( ! rema9d]2 t ! ,holy ,gho/ inspir$ ! au?or only1 & n ! copyi/s2 t if ! ,c\ncil ( ,laodicea reject$ ! ,maccabees1 !y h be5 admitt$ by ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t2 t !y are admitt$ by ! ,roman ,*ur*2 & consequ5tly t we ought to receive !m ) due submission4 ,( ! ,orig9 ( ,purgatory4 ,x is c]ta9 t ^? :o admitt$ ( purgatory 9 ! primitive *ur* 7 treat$ z h]etics4 ,! ,simonians 7 condemn$ :o admitt$ ! purgation ( s\ls--,psuk5 ,kad>on4 ,/4 ,augu/9e has s9ce condemn$ ! foll[]s ( ,orig5 :o ma9ta9$ ?is doctr9e4 ,b ! ,simonians & ! ,orig5i/s _h tak5 _! purgatory f ,virgil1 ,plato & ! ,egyptians4 ,y w f9d x cle>ly indicat$ 9 ! six? book ( ! neid1 z we h already rem>k$4 ,:at is /ill m s+ul>1 ,virgil describes s\ls susp5d$ 9 air1 o!rs burn$1 & o!rs dr[n$3 ,ali p&untur inanes ,susp5s ad v5tos3 aliis sub gurgite va/o ,infectum eluitur scelus1 aut exuritur igni4 --neid1 ,book vi1 #gdj-gdb4 ,= ?is are v>i\s p5ances enjo9$1 ,& "s are hung to blea* ^u ! w9d2 ,"s plung$ 9 wat]s1 o!rs purg$ 9 fires1 ,till all ! dregs are dra9$1 & all ! ru/ expires4 --,,dryd54 ,& :at is m s+ul> /ill1 ,pope ,gregory1 surnam$ ! great1 n only adopts ?is doctr9e f ,virgil1 b 9 8 !ology introduces _m s\ls :o arrive f purgatory aft] hav+ be5 hang$ or dr[n$4 ,plato has spok5 ( purgatory 9 8 ,phdon1 & x is easy to discov]1 by a p]usal ( ,h]mes ,trismegi/us t ,plato borr[$ f ! ,egyptians all :i* he _h n borr[$ f ,timu ( ,locris4 ,all ?is is v rec5t1 & ( ye/]day1 9 comp>ison ) ! anci5t ,brahm9s4 ,! latt]1 x mu/ be confess$1 inv5t$ purgatory 9 ! same mann] z !y inv5t$ ! revolt & fall ( ! g5ii or cele/ial intellig5ces4 ,x is 9 _! ,%a/a1 or ,%a/abad1 writt5 ?ree ?\s& ye>s be=e ! vulg> era1 t y1 my de> read]1 w discov] ! doctr9e ( purgatory4 ,! rebel angels1 ( :om ! hi/ory 0 copi$ among ! ,jews 9 ! "t ( ! rabb9 ,gamaliel1 7 condemn$ by ! ,et]nal & ,8 ,son1 to a ?\s& ye>s ( purgatory1 aft] :i* ,god p>don$ & made !m m54 ,?is we h already said1 de> read]1 z also t ! ,brahm9s f\nd et]nal puni%m5t too sev]e1 z et]nity nev] concludes4 ,! ,brahm9s ?\ght l ! ,abb ,*aulieu1 & call$ ^u ! ,"l to p>don !m1 if1 impress$ ) ,8 b\nties1 !y c\ld n be br\ght to conceive t !y w\ld be puni%$ s rigor\sly = va9 pleasures1 :i* pass$ away l a dream3 ,p>donne alors1 ,seigneur1 si1 ple9 de tes bonts1 ,je n'ai pu concevoir que mes fragilits1 ,ni t\s ces va9s plaisirs que pass5t comme un songe1 ,puss5t tre l'objet de tes svrits2 ,et si j'ai pu p5s] que tant des cruauts4 ,punirai5t un peu trop la d\ceur d'un m5songe4 --,,epitre ,,sur ,,la ,,mort1 au ,m>quis de la ,f>e4 ,,quack 7,,or ,,*>latan74 ,! abode ( physicians is 9 l>ge t[ns2 !re are sc>cely any 9 c\ntry places4 ,great t[ns conta9 ri* pati5ts2 debau*]y1 excess at ! tables1 & ! passions1 cause _! maladies4 ,dum\l91 ! physician1 :o 0 9 z mu* practice z any ( 8 pr(ession1 said :5 dy+ t he left two great physicians beh9d him--simple diet & s(t wat]4 ,9 #agbh1 9 ! "t ( ,law1 ! mo/ fam\s ( quacks ( ! fir/ class1 ano!r nam$ ,vill>s1 confid$ to "s fri5ds1 t 8 uncle1 :o _h liv$ to ! age ( ne>ly a hundr$1 & :o 0 !n kill$ by an accid5t1 _h left him ! secret ( a wat] :i* c\ld easily prolong life to ! age ( "o hundr$ & fifty1 provid$ sobriety 0 att5d$ to4 ,:5 a fun]al pass$1 he affect$ to %rug up 8 %\ld]s 9 pity3 ,_h ! deceas$1 he exclaim$1 b drank my wat]1 he w\ld n be :]e he is4 ,8 fri5ds1 to :om he g5]\sly imp>t$ x1 & :o att5d$ a little to ! regim5 prescrib$1 f\nd !mselves well1 & cri$ x up4 ,he !n sold x = six francs ! bottle1 & ! sale 0 prodigi\s4 ,x 0 ! wat] ( ! ,se9e1 impregnat$ ) a small quantity ( nitre1 & ^? :o took x & conf9$ !mselves a little to ! regim51 b above all ^? :o 7 born ) a good con/itution1 9 a %ort "t recov]$ p]fect heal?4 ,he said to o!rs3 ,x is y\r own fault if y are n p]fectly cur$4 ,y h be5 intemp]ate & incont95t1 correct y\rself ( ^! two vices1 & y w live a hundr$ & fifty ye>s at lea/4 ,sev]al did s1 & ! =tune ( ?is good quack augm5t$ ) 8 reputation4 ,! en?usia/ic ,abb de ,pons rank$ him mu* above 8 namesake1 ,m>%al ,vill>s4 ,he caus$ ! dea? ( m51 he obs]v$ to him1 :]eas y make m5 live4 ,x be+ at la/ discov]$ t ! wat] ( ,vill>s 0 only riv] wat]1 p took no m ( x1 & resort$ to o!r quacks 9 lieu ( him4 ,x is c]ta9 t he did mu* good1 & he c only be accus$ ( sell+ ! ,se9e wat] too de>4 ,he advis$ m5 to temp]ance1 & s f> 0 sup]ior to ! apo!c>y ,arnault1 :o amus$ ,europe ) ! f>ce ( 8 specific aga9/ apoplexy1 )\t recomm5d+ any virtue4 ,i knew a physician ( ,london nam$ ,br[n1 :o _h practis$ at ,b>badoes4 ,he _h a sug>-h\se & negroes1 & ! latt] /ole f him a consid]able sum4 ,he accord+ly assembl$ 8 negroes toge!r1 & ?us address$ !m3 ,my fri5ds1 said he to !m1 ! great s]p5t has appe>$ to me dur+ ! night1 & has in=m$ me t ! ?ief has at ?is mom5t a p>oquet's fea!r at ! end ( 8 nose4 ,! crim9al in/antly appli$ 8 h& to 8 nose4 ,x is ?\ :o ha/ robb$ me1 exclaim$ ! ma/]2 ! great s]p5t has j in=m$ me s2 & he recov]$ 8 money4 ,?is quack]y is sc>cely condemnable1 b !n x is applicable only to negroes4 ,! fir/ ,scipio ,africanus1 a v diff]5t p]son f ! physician ,br[n1 made 8 soldi]s believe t he 0 inspir$ by ! gods4 ,?is gr& *>latanism 0 9 use = a long "t4 ,0 ,scipio to be blam$ = assi/+ himself by ! means ( ?is pret5sion8 ,he 0 possibly ! man :o did mo/ honor to ! ,roman republic2 b :y ! gods %\ld inspire him has nev] be5 expla9$4 ,numa did bett]3 he civiliz$ robb]s1 & sway$ a s5ate compos$ ( a portion ( !m :i* 0 ! mo/ difficult to gov]n4 ,if he _h propos$ 8 laws to ! assembl$ tribes1 ! assass9s ( 8 pr$ecessor w\ld h />t$ a ?\s& difficulties4 ,he address$ himself to ! goddess ,eg]ia1 :o favor$ him ) p&ects f ,jupit]2 he 0 obey$ )\t a murmur1 & reign$ happily4 ,8 in/ructions 7 s\nd1 8 *>latanism did good2 b if "s secret enemy _h discov]$ 8 knav]y1 & _h said1 ,let u ext]m9ate an impo/or :o pro/itutes ! names ( ! gods 9 ord] to deceive m51 he w\ld h run ! risk ( be+ s5t to heav5 l ,romulus4 ,x is probable t ,numa took 8 measures ably1 & t he deceiv$ ! ,romans = _! own b5efit1 by a policy adapt$ to ! "t1 ! place1 & ! e>ly mann]s ( ! p4 ,mahomet 0 tw5ty times on ! po9t ( failure1 b at l5g? succe$$ ) ! ,arabs ( ,m$9a1 :o believ$ him ! intimate fri5d ( ! angel ,gabriel4 ,if any "o at pres5t 0 to ann\nce 9 ,con/ant9ople t he 0 favor$ by ! angel ,raphael1 :o is sup]ior to ,gabriel 9 dignity1 & t he alone 0 to be believ$1 he w\ld be publicly empal$4 ,quacks %\ld "k _! "t4 ,0 !re n a little quack]y 9 ,socrates ) 8 famili> dmon1 & ! express decl>ation ( ,apollo1 t he 0 ! wise/ ( all m58 ,h[ c ,roll9 9 8 hi/ory reason f ?is oracle8 ,:y n in=m y\? t x 0 a pure imposition8 ,socrates *ose 8 "t ill3 ab\t a hundr$ ye>s be=e he might h gov]n$ ,a!ns4 ,e *ief ( a sect 9 philosophy has be5 a little ( a quack2 b ! greate/ ( all h be5 ^? :o h aspir$ to gov]n4 ,cromwell 0 ! mo/ t]rible ( all quacks1 & appe>$ precisely at a "t 9 :i* he c\ld succe$4 ,"u ,elizabe? he w\ld h be5 hang$2 "u ,*>les ,,ii41 laugh$ at4 ,=tunately = himself he came at a "t :5 p 7 disgu/$ ) k+s3 8 son foll[$1 :5 !y 7 we>y ( protectors4 ,( ! ,quack]y ( ,sci5ces & ( ,lit]ature4 ,! foll[]s ( sci5ce h nev] be5 able to disp5se ) quack]y4 ,ea* w\ld h 8 op9ions prevail2 ! subtle doctor w\ld eclipse ! angelic doctor1 & ! pr(\nd doctor w\ld reign alone4 ,ev]yone erects 8 own sy/em ( physics1 metaphysics1 & s*ola/ic !ology2 & ! "q is1 :o w value 8 m]*&ise8 ,y h dep5dants :o cry x up1 fools :o believe y1 & protectors on :om to lean4 ,c !re be great] quack]y ?an ! sub/itution ( words = ?+s1 or ?an a wi% to make o!rs believe :at we d n believe ourselves8 ,"o e/abli%es vortices ( subtile matt]1 bran*$1 globul>1 & tubul>2 ano!r1 elem5ts ( matt] :i* are n matt]1 & a pre-e/abli%$ h>mony :i* makes ! clock ( ! body s\nd ! h\r1 :5 ! ne$le ( ! clock ( ! s\l is duly po9t$4 ,^! *im]as f\nd p>tisans = _m ye>s1 & :5 ^! ideas w5t out ( fa%ion1 new pret5d]s to inspiration m\nt$ ^u ! ambulatory /age4 ,!y bani%$ ! g]ms ( ! _w1 ass]t$ t ! sea produc$ m\nta9s1 & t m5 7 =m]ly fi%es4 ,h[ mu* quack]y has always p]vad$ hi/ory3 ei!r by a/oni%+ ! read] ) prodigies1 tickl+ ! malignity ( human nature ) satire1 or by flatt]+ ! families ( tyrants ) infam\s eulogies6 ,! unhappy class :o write 9 ord] to live1 are quacks ( ano!r k9d4 ,a poor man :o has no trade1 & has _h ! mis=tune to h be5 at college1 ?9ks t he kn[s h[ to write1 & repair+ to a neighbor+ booksell]1 dem&s employm5t4 ,! booksell] kn[s t mo/ p]sons keep+ h\ses are desir\s ( small libr>ies1 & require abridgm5ts & new tables1 ord]s an abridgm5t ( ! hi/ory ( ,rap9 ,?oyras1 or ( ! *ur*2 a collection ( bon mots f ! ,m5agiana1 or a diction>y ( great m51 9 :i* "s obscure p$ant is plac$ by ! side ( ,cic]o1 & a sonnete] ( ,italy z ne> z possible to ,virgil4 ,ano!r booksell] w ord] romances or ! translation ( romances4 ,if y h no inv5tion1 he w say to 8 workman3 ,y c collect adv5tures f ! gr& ,cyrus1 f ,gusman d',alf>a*e1 f ! ,secret ,memoirs ( a ,man ( ,quality or ( a ,woman ( ,quality2 & f ! total y w make a volume ( f\r hundr$ pages4 ,ano!r booksell] gives t5 ye>s' newspap]s & almanacs to a man ( g5ius1 & says3 ,y w make an ab/ract f all t1 & 9 ?ree mon?s br+ x me "u ! "n ( a fai?ful ,hi/ory ( ! ,times1 by ,m4 le ,*evali] ----1 ,lieut5ant de ,vaisseau1 employ$ 9 ! (fice = =eign affairs4 ,( ?is sort ( books !re are ab\t fifty ?\s& 9 ,europe1 & ! labor /ill goes on l ! secret = :it5+ ! sk91 black5+ ! hair1 & mix+ up ! univ]sal rem$y4 ,,ravaillac4 ,i knew 9 my infancy a canon ( ,pronne ( ! age ( n9ety-two ye>s1 :o _h be5 educat$ by "o ( ! mo/ furi\s burgh]s ( ! ,league--he always us$ to say1 ! late ,m4 de ,ravaillac4 ,?is canon _h pres]v$ _m curi\s manuscripts ( ! apo/olic times1 al?\gh !y did little honor to 8 p>ty4 ,! foll[+ is "o ( !m1 :i* he bequea!d to my uncle3 ,dialogue ( a ,page ( ! ,duke ( ,sully1 & ( ,ma/] ,filesac1 ,doctor ( ! ,sorbonne1 "o ( ! two ,confessors ( ,ravaillac4 ,,ma/] ,,filesac4--,god be ?ank$1 my de> page1 ,ravaillac has di$ l a sa9t4 ,i he>d 8 confession2 he rep5t$ ( 8 s91 & det]m9$ no m to fall into x4 ,he wi%$ to receive ! holy sacram5t1 b x is n ! cu/om "h z at ,rome2 8 p5it5ce w s]ve 9 lieu ( x1 & x is c]ta9 t he is 9 p>adise4 ,,page4--,he 9 p>adise1 9 ! ,g>d5 ( ,ed51 ! mon/]6 ,,ma/] ,,filesac4--,yes1 my f9e lad1 9 t g>d51 or heav51 x is ! same ?+4 ,,page4--,i believe s2 b he has tak5 a bad road to arrive !re4 ,,ma/] ,,filesac4--,y talk l a "y ,hugu5ot4 ,le>n t :at ,i say to y p>takes ( fai?4 ,he possess$ attrition1 & attrition1 jo9$ to ! sacram5t ( confession1 infallibly works out ! salvation :i* conducts /raightway to p>adise1 :]e he is n[ pray+ to ,god = y4 ,,page4--,i h no wi% t he %\ld address ,god on my acc\nt4 ,let him g to ! devil ) 8 pray]s & 8 attrition4 ,,ma/] ,,filesac4--,at ! bottom1 he 0 a good s\l2 8 zeal l$ him to commit evil1 b x 0 n ) a bad int5tion4 ,9 all 8 int]rogatories1 he repli$ t he assass9at$ ! k+ only because he 0 ab\t to make w> on ! pope1 & t he did s to s]ve ,god4 ,8 s5tim5ts 7 v ,*ri/ian-l4 ,he is sav$1 ,i tell y2 he 0 b\nd1 & ,i h unb\nd him4 ,,page4--,9 good fai?1 ! m ,i li/5 to y ! m ,i reg>d y z a man b\nd y\rself4 ,y excite horror 9 me4 ,,ma/] ,,filesac4--,x is because t y are n yet 9 ! "r way2 b y w be "o day4 ,i h always said t y 7 n f> f ! k+dom ( heav52 b y\r "t is n yet come4 ,,page4--,& ! "t w nev] come 9 :i* ,i %all be made to believe t y h s5t ,ravaillac to ! k+dom ( heav54 ,,ma/] ,,filesac4--,z soon z y %all be conv]t$1 :i* ,i hope w be ! case1 y w believe z ,i d2 b 9 ! meantime1 be assur$ t y & ! duke ( ,sully1 y\r ma/]1 w be damn$ to all et]nity ) ,judas ,isc>iot & ! wick$ ri* man ,dives1 :ile ,ravaillac w repose 9 ! bosom ( ,abraham4 ,,page4--,h[1 sc\ndrel6 ,,ma/] ,,filesac4--,no abuse1 my little son4 ,x is =bidd5 to call our bro!r raca1 "u ! p5alty ( ! geh5na or hell fire4 ,p]mit me to in/ruct )\t enrag+ y4 ,,page4--,g on2 ?\ appe>e/ to me s raca1 t ,i w be angry no m4 ,,ma/] ,,filesac4--,i !re=e say to y1 t agreeably to fai? y w be damn$1 z unhappily our de> ,h5ry ,,iv4 is already1 z ! ,sorbonne always =esaw4 ,,page4--,my de> ma/] damn$6 ,li/5 to ! wick$ wret*6 ,a cane6 a cane6 ,,ma/] ,,filesac4--,be pati5t1 good "y man2 y promis$ to li/5 to me quietly4 ,is x n true t ! great ,h5ry di$ )\t confession8 ,is x n true t he di$ 9 ! commission ( mortal s91 be+ /ill amor\s ( ! pr9cess ( ,cond1 & t he _h n "t to receive ! sacram5t ( rep5tance1 ,god hav+ all[$ him to be /abb$ 9 ! left v5tricle ( ! he>t1 9 consequ5ce ( :i* he 0 in/antly suffocat$ ) 8 own blood8 ,y w absolutely f9d no good ,ca?olic :o w n say ! same z ,i d4 ,,page4--,hold ?y tongue1 ma/] madman2 if ,i ?\ght t ?y doctors taught a doctr9e s abom9able1 ,i w\ld burn !m 9 _! lodg+s4 ,,ma/] ,,filesac4--,once aga91 be calm2 y h promis$ to be s4 ,8 lord%ip ! m>quis ( ,co*9i1 :o is a good ,ca?olic1 w "k h[ to prev5t y f be+ guilty ( ! sacrilege ( injur+ my colleagues4 ,,page4--,b consci5ti\sly1 ,ma/] ,filesac1 does ?y p>ty really ?9k 9 ?is mann]8 ,,ma/] ,,filesac4--,be assur$ ( x2 x is our cate*ism4 ,,page4--,li/52 = ,i mu/ confess to !e1 t "o ( ?y ,sorbonni/s almo/ s$uc$ me la/ ye>4 ,he induc$ me to hope = a p5sion or a b5efice4 ,s9ce ! k+1 he obs]v$1 has he>d mass 9 ,lat91 y :o are only a petty g5tleman may also att5d x )\t d]ogation4 ,god takes c>e ( ,8 elect1 giv+ !m mitres1 crosses1 & prodigi\s sums ( money1 :ile y ( ! re=m$ doctr9e g on foot1 & c d no?+ b write4 ,i own ,i 0 /agg]$2 b aft] :at ?\ ha/ j said to me1 ,i w\ld r a ?\s& times be a ,mahometan ?an ( ?y cre$4 ,! page 0 wrong4 ,we are n to become ,mahometans because we are inc5s$2 b we mu/ p>don a feel+ "y man :o lov$ ,h5ry ,,iv4 ,ma/] ,filesac spoke accord+ to 8 !ology2 ! page att5d$ to 8 he>t4 ,,reasonable1 ,,or ,,"r4 ,at ! "t t all ,france 0 c>ri$ away by ! sy/em ( ,law1 & :5 he 0 comptroll]-g5]al1 a man :o 0 always 9 ! "r came to him "o day & said3 ,sir1 y are ! greate/ madman1 ! greate/ fool1 or ! greate/ rogue1 :o has yet appe>$ among u4 ,x is say+ a great deal2 b behold h[ ,i prove x4 ,y h imag9$ t we may increase ! ri*es ( a /ate t5-fold by means ( pap]4 ,b ?is pap] only repres5ts money1 :i* is itself only a repres5tative ( g5u9e ri*es1 ! production ( ! e>? & manufacture4 ,x foll[s1 !re=e1 t y %\ld h comm5c$ by giv+ u t5 times z mu* corn1 w9e1 clo?1 l951 etc42 ?is is n en\gh1 !y mu/ be c]ta9 ( sale4 ,n[ y make t5 times z _m notes z we h money & commodities2 ergo1 y are t5 times m insane1 /upid1 or rogui%1 ?an all ! comptroll]s or sup]9t5d5ts :o h prec$$ y4 ,behold h[ rapidly ,i w prove my major4 ,sc>cely _h he comm5c$ 8 major ?an he 0 conduct$ to ,/4 ,laz>us4 ,:5 he came out ( ,/4 ,laz>us1 :]e he /udi$ mu* & /r5g!n$ 8 reason1 he w5t to ,rome4 ,he dem&$ a public audi5ce1 & t he %\ld n be int]rupt$ 9 8 h>angue4 ,he address$ 8 hol9ess z foll[s3 ,holy fa!r1 y are ,anti*ri/1 & behold h[ ,i w prove x to y\r hol9ess4 ,i call him ante-,*ri/ or anti*ri/1 accord+ to ! mean+ ( ! ^w1 :o does ev]y?+ contr>y to t :i* ,*ri/ comm&$4 ,n[ ,*ri/ 0 poor1 & y are v ri*4 ,he paid tribute1 & y exact x4 ,he submitt$ himself to ! p[]s t be1 & y h become "o ( !m4 ,he w&]$ on foot1 & y visit ,ca/le ,g&olfo 9 a sumptu\s c>riage4 ,he ate ( all t :i* p 7 will+ to give him1 & y w\ld h u eat fi% on ,fridays & ,saturdays1 ev5 :5 we reside at a di/ance f ! seas & riv]s4 ,he =bade ,simon ,b>jonas us+ ! sword1 & y h _m swords 9 y\r s]vice1 etc4 ,9 ?is s5se1 !re=e1 y\r hol9ess is ,anti*ri/4 ,9 e o!r s5se ,i exce$+ly rev]e y1 & reque/ an indulg5ce '9 articulo mortis4' ,my free speak] 0 imm$iately conf9$ 9 ! ca/le ( ,/4 ,angelo4 ,:5 he came out ( ! ca/le ( ,/4 ,angelo1 he proce$$ to ,v5ice1 & dem&$ an audi5ce ( ! doge4 ,y\r s]5ity1 he exclaim$1 commits a great extravagance e ye> 9 m>ry+ ! sea2 =1 9 ! fir/ place1 p m>ry only once ) ! same p]son2 secondly1 y\r m>riage resembles t ( ,h>lequ91 :i* 0 only half p]=m$1 z want+ ! cons5t ( "o ( ! p>ties2 ?irdly1 :o has told y t1 "s day or o!r1 ! o!r m>itime p[]s w n decl>e y incapable ( consummat+ y\r m>riage8 ,hav+ ?us deliv]$ 8 m9d1 he 0 %ut up 9 ! t[] ( ,/4 ,m>k4 ,:5 he came out ( ! t[] ( ,/4 ,m>k1 he proce$$ to ,con/ant9ople1 :]e he obta9$ an int]view ) ! mufti1 & ?us address$ him3 ,y\r religion conta9s "s good po9ts1 su* z ! adoration ( ! ,supreme ,be+1 & ! necessity ( be+ j & *>itable2 nev]!less1 x is a m]e ha% compos$ out ( ,judaism & a we>isome heap ( /ories f ,"m ,goose4 ,if ! ar*angel ,gabriel _h br\ght f "s planet ! leaves ( ! ,koran to ,mahomet1 all ,arabia w\ld h beheld 8 desc5t4 ,nobody saw him1 !re=e ,mahomet 0 a bold impo/or1 :o deceiv$ weak & ignorant p4 ,he _h sc>cely pron\nc$ ^! words be=e he 0 empal$2 nev]!less1 he _h be5 all along 9 ! "r4 ,,relics4 ,by ?is "n are designat$ ! rema9s or rema9+ p>ts ( ! body1 or clo!s1 ( a p]son plac$ aft] 8 dea? by ! ,*ur* 9 ! numb] ( ! bless$4 ,x is cle> t ,jesus condemn$ only ! hypocrisy ( ! ,jews1 9 say+3 ,woe unto y1 ,scribes & ,ph>isees1 hypocrites6 because ye build ! tombs ( ! prophets1 & g>ni% ! sepul*res ( ! righte\s4 ,?us or?odox ,*ri/ians h an equal v5]ation = ! relics & images ( sa9ts1 & ,i "k n :at4 ,doctor ,h5ry v5tures to say t :5 bones or o!r relics are *ang$ into worms1 we mu/ n adore ^! worms2 ! ,jesuit ,vasquez decid$ t ! op9ion ( ,h5ry is absurd & va91 = x signifies n 9 :at mann] corruption takes place2 consequ5tly1 says he1 we c adore relics z mu* "u ! =m ( worms z "u t ( a%es4 ,h[ev] ?is may be1 ,/4 ,cyril ( ,alex&ria av[s t ! orig9 ( relics is ,pagan2 & ?is is ! description giv5 ( _! wor%ip by ,!odoret1 :o liv$ 9 ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,*ri/ian era3 ,!y run to ! temples ( m>tyrs1 says ?is le>n$ bi%op1 "s to dem& ! pres]vation ( _! heal?1 o!rs ! cure ( _! maladies2 & b>r5 wom5 = fruitfulness4 ,aft] obta9+ *ildr51 ^! wom5 ask ! pres]vation ( !m4 ,^? :o und]take voyages1 pray ! m>tyrs to accompany & conduct !m2 & on _! return !y te/ify to !m _! gratitude4 ,!y adore !m n z gods1 b !y honor !m z div9e m52 & conjure !m to become _! int]cessors4 ,! (f]+s :i* are display$ 9 _! temples are public pro(s t ^? :o h dem&$ ) fai?1 h obta9$ ! accompli%m5t ( _! v[s & ! cure ( _! disord]s4 ,"s hang up artificial eyes1 o!rs feet1 & o!rs h&s ( gold & silv]4 ,^! monum5ts publi% ! virtue ( ^? :o are buri$ 9 ^! tombs1 z _! influ5ce publi%es t ! god = :om !y suff]$ is ! true ,god4 ,?us ,*ri/ians take c>e to give _! *ildr5 ! names ( m>tyrs1 t !y may be insur$ _! protection4 ,f9ally1 ,!odoret adds1 t ! temples ( ! gods 7 demoli%$1 & t ! mat]ials s]v$ = ! con/ruction ( ! temples ( m>tyrs3 ,= ! ,"l1 said he to ! ,pagans1 has sub/itut$ 8 dead = y\r gods2 ,he has %[n ! vanity ( ! latt]1 & transf]r$ to o!rs ! honors paid to !m4 ,x is ( ?is t ! fam\s sophi/ ( ,s>dis compla9s bitt]ly 9 deplor+ ! ru9 ( ! temple ( ,s]apis at ,canopus1 :i* 0 demoli%$ by ord] ( ! emp]or ,!odosius ,i4 9 ! ye> #chi4 ,p1 says ,eunapius1 :o _h nev] he>d ( w>1 71 h[ev]1 v valiant aga9/ ! /ones ( ?is temple2 & pr9cipally aga9/ ! ri* (f]+s ) :i* x 0 fill$4 ,^! holy places 7 giv5 to monks1 an infam\s & useless class ( p1 :o provid$ !y we> a black & slov5ly dress1 hold a tyrannical au?ority ov] ! m9ds ( ! p2 & in/ead ( ! gods :om we ackn[l$ge ?r\gh ! lights ( reason1 ^! monks give u heads ( crim9als1 puni%$ = _! crimes1 to adore1 :i* !y h salt$ 9 ord] to pres]ve !m4 ,! p are sup]/iti\s1 & x is sup]/ition :i* en*a9s !m4 ,! miracles =g$ on ! subject ( relics became a load/one :i* attract$ f all p>ts ri*es to ! *ur*es4 ,/upidity & cr$ulity 7 c>ri$ s f> t1 9 ! ye> #chf1 ! same ,!odosius 0 oblig$ to make a law by :i* he =bade buri$ corpses to be transport$ f "o place to ano!r1 or ! relics ( any m>tyr to be sep>at$ & sold4 ,dur+ ! fir/ ?ree ages ( ,*ri/ianity !y 7 cont5t$ ) celebrat+ ! day ( ! dea? ( m>tyrs1 :i* !y call$ _! natal day1 by assembl+ 9 ! cemet]ies :]e _! bodies lay1 to pray = !m1 z we h rem>k$ 9 ! article on ,mass4 ,!y dream$ n !n ( a "t 9 :i* ,*ri/ians w\ld raise temples to !m1 transport _! a%es & bones f "o place to ano!r1 %[ !m 9 %r9es1 & f9ally make a traffic ( !m2 :i* excit$ av>ice to fill ! _w ) false relics4 ,b ! ,?ird ,c\ncil ( ,c>?age1 held 9 ! ye> #cig1 hav+ ins]t$ 9 ! ,scriptures ! ,apocalypse ( ,/4 ,john1 ! au!nticity ( :i* 0 till !n conte/$1 ?is passage ( *apt] vi41 ,i saw "u ! alt> ! s\ls ( !m t 7 sla9 = ! ^w ( ,god--au?oriz$ ! cu/om ( hav+ relics ( m>tyrs "u ! alt>s2 & ?is practice 0 soon reg>d$ s ess5tial t ,/4 ,ambrose1 not)/&+ ! wi%es ( ! p1 w\ld n consecrate a *ur* :]e !re 7 none2 & 9 #fib1 ! ,c\ncil ( ,con/ant9ople1 9 ,trullo1 ev5 ord]$ all ! alt>s to be demoli%$ "u :i* x f\nd no relics4 ,ano!r ,c\ncil ( ,c>?age1 on ! contr>y1 9 ! ye> #dja1 ord]$ bi%ops to build alt>s :i* might be se5 ev]y:]e1 9 fields & on high roads1 9 honor ( m>tyrs2 f :i* 7 "h & !re dug pret5d$ relics1 on dreams & va9 revelations ( all sorts ( p4 ,/4 ,augu/9e relates t t[>ds ! ye> #dae1 ,lucian1 ! prie/ ( a t[n call$ ,caph>gamata1 "s miles di/ant f ,j]usalem1 ?ree times saw 9 a dream ! le>n$ ,gamaliel1 :o decl>$ to him t 8 body1 t ( ,abibas 8 son1 ( ,/4 ,/eph51 & ,nicodemus1 7 buri$ 9 a "p ( 8 p>i% :i* he po9t$ out to him4 ,he comm&$ him1 on _! "p & 8 own1 to leave !m no long] neglect$ 9 ! tomb 9 :i* !y _h be5 = "s ages1 b to g & tell ,john1 bi%op ( ,j]usalem1 to come & dig !m up imm$iately1 if he w\ld prev5t ! ills ) :i* ! _w 0 ?reat5$4 ,gamaliel add$ t ?is translation mu/ be made 9 ! episcopacy ( ,john1 :o di$ ab\t a ye> aft]4 ,! ord] ( heav5 0 t ! body ( ,/4 ,/eph5 %\ld be transport$ to ,j]usalem4 ,ei!r ,lucian did n cle>ly und]/&1 or he 0 un=tunate--he dug & f\nd no?+2 :i* oblig$ ! le>n$ ,jew to appe> to a v simple & innoc5t monk1 & indicate to him m precisely ! place :]e ! sacr$ relics lay4 ,lucian !re f\nd ! treasure :i* he s\ght1 accord+ z ,god _h reveal$ x unto him4 ,9 ?is tomb !re 0 a /one on :i* 0 engrav$ ! ^w *eliel1 :i* signifies cr[n 9 ,hebrew1 z /ephanos does 9 ,greek4 ,on ! op5+ ( ,/eph5's c(f9 ! e>? trembl$1 a delightful odor issu$1 & a great numb] ( sick 7 cur$4 ,! body ( ! sa9t 0 r$uc$ to a%es1 except ! bones1 :i* 7 transport$ to ,j]usalem1 & plac$ 9 ! *ur* ( ,sion4 ,at ! same h\r !re fell a great ra91 until :i* !y _h _h a great dr\?4 ,avitus1 a ,spani% prie/ :o 0 !n 9 ! ,ea/1 translat$ into ,lat9 ?is /ory1 :i* ,lucian wrote 9 ,greek4 ,z ! ,spani>d 0 ! fri5d ( ,lucian1 he obta9$ a small portion ( ! a%es ( ! sa9t1 "s bones full ( an oil :i* 0 a visible pro( ( _! hol9ess1 surpass+ newly-made p]fumes1 & ! mo/ agreeable odors4 ,^! relics1 br\ght by ,orosius into ! isl& ( ,m9orca1 9 eight days conv]t$ five hundr$ & =ty ,jews4 ,!y 7 aft]w>ds in=m$ by div]s visions t "s monks ( ,egypt _h relics ( ,/4 ,/eph5 :i* /rang]s _h br\ght !re4 ,z ! monks1 n !n be+ prie/s1 _h no *ur*es ( _! own1 !y took ?is treasure to transport x to a *ur* :i* 0 ne> ,usala4 ,above ! *ur* "s p]sons soon saw a /> :i* seem$ to come be=e ! holy m>tyr4 ,^! relics did n rema9 long 9 ?is *ur*2 ! bi%op ( ,usala1 f9d+ x conv5i5t to enri* 8 own1 transport$ !m1 seat$ on a c>1 accompani$ by a cr[d ( p1 :o sang ! praises ( ,god1 att5d$ by a great numb] ( lights & tap]s4 ,9 ?is mann] ! relics 7 borne to an elevat$ place 9 ! *ur* & plac$ on a ?rone ornam5t$ ) hang+s4 ,!y 7 aft]w>ds put on a little b$ 9 a place :i* 0 lock$ up1 b to :i* a little w9d[ 0 left1 t clo?s might be t\*$1 :i* cur$ sev]al disord]s4 ,a little du/ collect$ on ! %r9e sudd5ly cur$ "o t 0 p>alytic4 ,fl[]s :i* _h be5 pres5t$ to ! sa9t1 appli$ to ! eyes ( a bl9d man1 gave him sight4 ,!re 7 ev5 sev5 or eight corpses re/or$ to life4 ,/4 ,augu/9e1 :o endeavors to ju/ify ?is wor%ip by di/+ui%+ x f t ( adoration1 :i* is due to ,god alone1 is oblig$ to agree t he himself knew sev]al ,*ri/ians :o ador$ sepul*res & images4 ,i "k sev]al :o dr9k to great excess on ! tombs1 & :o1 9 giv+ ent]ta9m5ts to ! dead1 fell !mselves on ^? :o 7 buri$4 ,inde$1 turn+ fre% f ,paganism1 & *>m$ to f9d deifi$ m5 9 ! ,*ri/ian *ur*1 ?\gh "u o!r names1 ! p honor$ !m z mu* z !y _h honor$ _! false gods2 & x w\ld be grossly deceiv+ ourselves to judge ( ! ideas & practices ( ! populace by ^? ( enlight5$ & philosophic bi%ops4 ,we "k t ! sages among ! ,pagans made ! same di/9ctions z our holy bi%ops4 ,we mu/1 said ,hi]ocles1 ackn[l$ge & s]ve ! gods s z to take great c>e to di/+ui% !m f ! supreme ,god1 :o is _! au?or & fa!r4 ,we mu/ n too greatly exalt _! dignity4 ,& f9ally ! wor%ip :i* we give !m %\ld relate to _! sole creator1 :om y may prop]ly call ! ,god ( gods1 because ,he is ! ,ma/] ( all1 & ! mo/ excell5t ( all4 ,porphyrius1 :o1 l ,/4 ,paul1 t]ms ! supreme ,god1 ! ,god :o is above all ?+s1 adds t we mu/ n sacrifice to ,him any?+ t is s5sible or mat]ial1 because1 be+ a pure ,_s1 ev]y?+ mat]ial is impure to ,him4 ,he c only be wor?ily honor$ by ! ?\ghts & s5tim5ts ( a s\l :i* is n ta9t$ ) any s9ful passion4 ,9 a ^w1 ,/4 ,augu/9e1 9 decl>+ ) navet t he d>$ n speak freely on sev]al simil> abuses on acc\nt ( giv+ opportunity = sc&al to pi\s p]sons or to p$ants1 %[s t ! bi%ops made use ( ! artifice to conv]t ! ,pagans1 z ,/4 ,gregory recomm5d$ two c5turies aft] to conv]t ,engl&4 ,?is pope1 be+ consult$ by ! monk ,augu/9e on "s rema9s ( c]emonies1 half civil & half ,pagan1 :i* ! newly conv]t$ ,engli% w\ld n r5\nce1 answ]$1 ,we _c dive/ h>d m9ds ( all _! habits at once2 we rea* n to ! top ( a /eep rock by leap+1 b by climb+ /ep by /ep4 ,! reply ( ! same pope to ,con/ant9a1 ! daught] ( ! emp]or ,tib]ius ,con/ant9e1 & ! wife ( ,maurice1 :o dem&$ ( him ! head ( ,/4 ,paul1 to place 9 a temple :i* %e _h built 9 honor ( ?is apo/le1 is no less rem>kable4 ,/4 ,gregory s5t ^w to ! pr9cess t ! bodies ( sa9ts %one ) s _m miracles t !y d>$ n ev5 approa* _! tombs to pray )\t be+ seiz$ ) fe>4 ,t 8 pr$ecessor 7,pelagius ,,ii47 wi%+ to remove "s silv] f ! tomb ( ,/4 ,pet] to ano!r place f\r feet di/ant1 he appe>$ to him ) frightful signs4 ,t he 7,gregory7 wi%+ to make "s repairs 9 ! monum5t ( ,/4 ,paul1 z x _h sunk a little 9 front1 & he :o _h ! c>e ( ! place hav+ _h ! boldness to raise "s bones :i* t\*$ n ! tomb ( ! apo/le1 to transport !m else:]e1 he appe>$ to him also 9 a t]rible mann]1 & he di$ imm$iately4 ,t 8 pr$ecessor also wi%+ to repair ! tomb ( ,/4 ,lawr5ce1 ! %r\d :i* encircl$ ! body ( ! m>tyr 0 imprud5tly discov]$2 & al?\gh ! labor]s 7 monks & (fic]s ( ! *ur*1 !y all di$ 9 ! space ( t5 days because !y _h se5 ! body ( ! sa9t4 ,t :5 ! ,romans gave relics1 !y nev] t\*$ ! sacr$ bodies1 b cont5t$ !mselves ) putt+ "s clo?s1 ) :i* !y approa*$ !m1 9 a box4 ,t ^! clo?s h ! same virtue z relics1 & p]=m z _m miracles4 ,t c]ta9 ,greeks1 d\bt+ ( ?is fact1 ,pope ,leo took a pair ( scissors1 & 9 _! pres5ce cutt+ "s ( ! clo? :i* _h approa*$ ! holy bodies1 blood came f x4 ,t 9 ! we/ ( ,rome x is a sacrilege to t\* ! bodies ( sa9ts2 & t if any "o attempts1 he may be assur$ t 8 crime w n g unpuni%$4 ,= :i* reason ! ,greeks _c be p]suad$ to adopt ! cu/om ( transport+ relics4 ,t "s ,greeks d>+ to dis9t] "s bodies 9 ! night ne> ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,paul1 int5d+ to transport !m into _! own c\ntry1 7 discov]$1 :i* p]suad$ !m t ! relics 7 false4 ,t ! ea/]ns1 pret5d+ t ! bodies ( ,/4 ,pet] & ,/4 ,paul belong$ to !m1 came to ,rome to take !m to _! own c\ntry2 b arriv+ at ! catacombs :]e ^! bodies repose1 :5 !y w\ld h tak5 !m1 sudd5 lightn+ & t]rible ?und] disp]s$ ! al>m$ multitude & =c$ !m to r5\nce _! und]tak+4 ,t ^? :o sugge/$ to ,con/ant9a ! dem& ( ! head ( ,/4 ,paul f him1 _h no o!r design ?an t ( mak+ him lose 8 favor4 ,/4 ,gregory concludes ) ^! words3 ,i h t confid5ce 9 ,god1 t y w n be depriv$ ( ! fruit ( y\r good w1 nor ( ! virtue ( ! holy apo/les1 :om y love ) all y\r he>t & ) all y\r m9d2 & t1 if y h n _! corporeal pres5ce1 y w always enjoy _! protection4 ,yet ! ecclesia/ical hi/ory pret5ds t ! translation ( relics 0 equally frequ5t 9 ! ,ea/ & ,we/2 & ! au?or ( ! notes to ?is lett] fur!r obs]ves t ! same ,/4 ,gregory aft]w>ds gave sev]al holy bodies1 & t o!r popes h giv5 s _m z six or sev5 to "o individual4 ,aft] ?is1 c we be a/oni%$ at ! favor :i* relics f9d 9 ! m9ds ( p & k+s8 ,! s]mons mo/ commonly prea*$ among ! anci5t ,fr5* 7 compos$ on ! relics ( sa9ts4 ,x 0 ?us t ! k+s ,gontran1 ,sigeb]t1 & ,*ilp]ic divid$ ! /ates ( ,clotaire1 & agre$ to possess ,p>is 9 common4 ,!y made oa? on ! relics ( ,/4 ,polyeuctus1 ,/4 ,hil>y1 & ,/4 ,m>t94 ,yet ,*ilp]ic possess$ himself ( ! place & m]ely took ! precaution ( hav+ a %r9e1 ) a quantity ( relics1 :i* he _h c>ri$ z a safegu>d at ! head ( 8 troops1 9 hopes t ! protection ( ^! new patrons w\ld %elt] him f ! puni%m5t due to 8 p]jury4 ,f9ally1 ! cate*ism ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t approv$ ( ! cu/om ( swe>+ by relics4 ,x is fur!r obs]v$ t ! k+s ( ,france ( ! fir/ & second races kept 9 _! palaces a great numb] ( relics2 above all1 ! cap & mantle ( ,/4 ,m>t92 & t !y _h !m c>ri$ 9 _! tra9s & 9 _! armies4 ,^! relics 7 s5t f ! palaces to ! prov9ces :5 an oa? ( fidelity 0 made to ! k+1 or any treaty 0 conclud$4 ,,religion4 ,,section ,i4 ,! ,epicureans1 :o _h no religion1 recomm5d$ retirem5t f public affairs1 /udy1 & concord4 ,?is sect 0 a society ( fri5ds1 = fri5d%ip 0 _! pr9cipal dogma4 ,atticus1 ,lucretius1 ,memmius1 & a few o!r su* m51 might live v reputably toge!r2 ?is we see 9 all c\ntries2 philosophize z mu* z y please among y\rselves4 ,a set ( amateurs may give a conc]t ( ref9$ & sci5tific music2 b let !m bew>e ( p]=m+ su* a conc]t be=e ! ignorant & brutal vulg>1 le/ _! in/rum5ts be brok5 ov] _! heads4 ,if y h b a village to gov]n1 x mu/ h a religion4 ,i speak n "h ( an error2 b ( ! only good1 ! only necess>y1 ! only prov$1 & ! second reveal$4 ,_h x be5 possible = ! human m9d to h admitt$ a religion--,i w n say at all approa*+ ours--b n s bad z all ! o!r religions 9 ! _w--:at w\ld t religion h be58 ,w\ld x n h be5 t :i* %\ld propose to u ! adoration ( ! supreme1 only1 inf9ite1 et]nal ,be+1 ! =m] ( ! _w1 :o gives x motion & life1 cui nec simile1 nec secundum8 ,t :i* %\ld re-unite u to ?is ,be+ ( be+s1 z ! rew>d ( our virtues1 & sep>ate u f ,him1 z ! *a/isem5t ( our crimes8 ,t :i* %\ld admit v few ( ! dogmas inv5t$ by unreason+ pride2 ^? et]nal subjects ( disputation2 & %\ld tea* a pure morality1 ab\t :i* !re %\ld nev] be any dispute8 ,t :i* %\ld n make ! ess5ce ( wor%ip consi/ 9 va9 c]emonies1 z t ( spitt+ into y\r m\?1 or t ( tak+ f y "o end ( y\r prepuce1 or ( depriv+ y ( "o ( y\r te/icles--see+ t a man may fulfil all ! social duties ) two te/icles & an entire =esk91 & )\t ano!r's spitt+ into 8 m\?8 ,t ( s]v+ "o's neighbor = ! love ( ,god1 in/ead ( p]secut+ & but*]+ him 9 ,god's "n8 ,t :i* %\ld tol]ate all o!rs1 & :i*1 m]it+ ?us ! goodwill ( all1 %\ld alone be capable ( mak+ mank9d a nation ( bre?r58 ,t :i* %\ld h augu/ c]emonies1 to /rike ! vulg>1 )\t hav+ my/]ies to disgu/ ! wise & irritate ! incr$ul\s8 ,t :i* %\ld (f] m5 m enc\ragem5ts to ! social virtues ?an expiations = social crimes8 ,t :i* %\ld insure to its m9i/]s a rev5ue l>ge en\gh = _! dec5t ma9t5ance1 b %\ld nev] all[ !m to usurp dignities & p[] t might make !m tyrants8 ,t :i* %\ld e/abli% commodi\s retreats = sickness & old age1 b nev] = idl5ess8 ,a great "p ( ?is religion is already 9 ! he>ts ( sev]al pr9ces2 & x w prevail :5 ! articles ( p]petual peace1 propos$ by ! abb de ,/4 ,pi]re1 %all be sign$ by all pot5tates4 ,,section ,,ii4 ,la/ night ,i 0 m$itat+2 ,i 0 absorb$ 9 ! contemplation ( nature1 admir+ ! imm5sity1 ! c\rses1 ! relations ( ^? inf9ite globes1 :i* are above ! admiration ( ! vulg>4 ,i admir$ /ill m ! intellig5ce t presides ov] ?is va/ ma*9]y4 ,i said to myself3 ,a man mu/ be bl9d n to be impress$ by ?is spectacle2 he mu/ be /upid n to recognize its au?or2 he mu/ be mad n to adore him4 ,:at tribute ( adoration ought ,i to r5d] him8 ,%\ld n ?is tribute be ! same ?r\gh\t ! ext5t ( space1 s9ce ! same ,supreme ,p[] reigns equally 9 all t ext5t8 ,does n a ?9k+ be+1 inhabit+ a /> ( ! ,milky ,way1 owe him ! same homage z ! ?9k+ be+ on ?is little globe :]e we are8 ,light is ! same to ! dog-/> z to u2 morality1 too1 mu/ be ! same4 ,if a feel+ & ?9k+ be+ 9 ! dog-/> is born ( a t5d] fa!r & "m1 :o h labor$ = 8 welf>e1 he owes !m z mu* love & duty z we "h owe to our p>5ts4 ,if any "o 9 ! ,milky ,way sees ano!r lame & indig5t1 & does n relieve him1 ?\gh able to d x1 he is guilty 9 ! sight ( e globe4 ,! he>t has ev]y:]e ! same duties2 on ! /eps ( ! ?rone ( ,god1 if ,he has a ?rone1 & at ! bottom ( ! great abyss1 if !re be an abyss4 ,i 0 wrapt 9 ^! reflections1 :5 "o ( ^? g5ii :o fill ! spaces betwe5 worlds1 came d[n to me4 ,i recogniz$ ! same a]ial creature t _h =m]ly appe>$ to me1 to in=m me t ! judgm5ts ( ,god are diff]5t f ours1 & h[ mu* a good action is pref]able to controv]sy4 ,he transport$ me into a des]t cov]$ all ov] ) bones pil$ "o ^u ano!r2 & betwe5 ^! heaps ( dead !re 7 av5ues ( ev]gre5 trees1 & at ! end ( ea* av5ue a tall man ( augu/ aspect gaz+ ) compassion on ^! sad rema9s4 ,alas6 my ar*angel1 said ,i1 :i!r h y br\ght me8 ,to desolation1 answ]$ he4 ,& :o are ^? f9e old patri>*s :om ,i see motionless & melan*oly at ! end ( ^? gre5 av5ues1 & :o seem to weep ov] ?is imm5se multitude ( dead8 ,poor human creature6 ?\ %alt "k1 repli$ ! g5ius2 b1 fir/1 ?\ mu/ weep4 ,he began ) ! fir/ heap4 ,^!1 said he1 are ! tw5ty-?ree ?\s& ,jews :o danc$ be=e a calf1 toge!r ) ! tw5ty-f\r ?\s& :o 7 sla9 :ile ravi%+ ,midianiti% wom52 ! numb] ( ! slaught]$ = simil> (f5ces or mi/akes am\nts to ne>ly ?ree hundr$ ?\s&4 ,at ! foll[+ av5ues are ! bones ( ,*ri/ians1 but*]$ by "o ano!r on acc\nt ( metaphysical disputes4 ,!y are divid$ into sev]al piles ( f\r c5turies ea*2 x 0 necess>y to sep>ate !m2 = _h !y be5 all toge!r1 !y w\ld h rea*$ ! sky4 ,:at6 exclaim$ ,i1 h bre?r5 ?us treat$ _! bre?r52 & h ,i ! mis=tune to be "o ( ?is bro!rhood8 ,illu/ration3 ,g5ius inspir+ ! muses4 ,"h1 said ! _s1 are twelve millions ( ,am]icans sla9 9 _! own c\ntry = n hav+ be5 baptiz$4 ,ah6 ,my ,god6 :y 7 n ^! frightful skeletons left to :it5 9 ! hemisph]e :]e ! bodies 7 born1 & :]e !y 7 murd]$ 9 s _m v>i\s ways8 ,:y are all ^! abom9able monum5ts ( b>b>ity & fanaticism assembl$ "h8 ,= ?y in/ruction4 ,s9ce ?\ art will+ to in/ruct me1 said ,i to ! g5ius1 tell me if !re be any o!r p ?an ! ,*ri/ians & ! ,jews1 :om zeal & religion1 unhappily turn$ into fanaticism1 h prompt$ to s _m horrible cruelties8 ,yes1 said he2 ! ,mahometans h be5 /a9$ by ! same inhuman acts1 b r>ely2 & :5 _! victims h cri$ out 'amman6' 7m]cy67 & h (f]$ !m tribute1 !y h p>don$ !m4 ,z = o!r nations1 n "o ( !m1 s9ce ! beg9n+ ( ! _w1 has ev] made a purely religi\s w>4 ,n[1 foll[ me6 ,i foll[$4 ,a little beyond ^! heaps ( dead we f\nd o!r heaps2 !re 7 bags ( gold & silv]2 & ea* pile _h its label3 ,sub/ance ( ! h]etics massacr$ 9 ! eighte5? c5tury1 9 ! sev5te5?1 9 ! sixte5?1 & s on4 ,gold & silv] ( ! slaught]$ ,am]icans1 etc42 & all ^! piles 7 surm\nt$ by crosses1 mitres1 crosi]s1 & ti>as1 enri*$ ) jewels4 ,:at6 my g5ius1 0 x !n to possess ^! ri*es t ^! c>casses 7 accumulat$8 ,yes1 my son4 ,i %$ te>s2 & :5 by my grief ,i _h m]it$ to be tak5 to ! end ( ! gre5 av5ues1 he conduct$ me ?i!r4 ,contemplate1 said he1 ! h]oes ( humanity :o h be5 ! b5efactors ( ! e>?1 & :o unit$ to bani% f ! _w1 z f> z !y 7 able1 viol5ce & rap9e4 ,"q !m4 ,i w5t up to ! fir/ ( ?is b&2 on 8 head 0 a cr[n1 & 9 8 h& a small c5s]4 ,i humbly ask$ him 8 "n4 ,i1 said he1 am ,numa ,pompilius2 ,i succe$$ a robb]1 & _h robb]s to gov]n2 ,i taught !m virtue & ! wor%ip ( ,god2 aft] me !y repeat$ly =got bo?4 ,i =bade any image to be plac$ 9 ! temples1 because ! div9ity :o animates nature _c be repres5t$4 ,dur+ my reign ! ,romans _h nei!r w>s nor s$itions2 & my religion did no?+ b good4 ,e neighbor+ p came to honor my fun]al1 :i* has happ5$ to me alone4444 ,i made my obeisance & pass$ on to ! second4 ,?is 0 a f9e old man1 ( ab\t a hundr$1 clad 9 a :ite robe2 8 middle f+] 0 plac$ on 8 lip1 & ) ! o!r h& he 0 scatt]+ beans beh9d him4 ,9 him ,i recogniz$ ,py?agoras4 ,he assur$ me t he _h nev] _h a gold5 ?igh1 & t he _h nev] be5 a cock1 b t he _h gov]n$ ! ,crotonians ) z mu* ju/ice z ,numa _h gov]n$ ! ,romans ab\t ! same "t1 :i* ju/ice 0 ! mo/ necess>y & ! r>e/ ?+ 9 ! _w4 ,i le>n$ t ! ,py?agoreans exam9$ _! consci5ces twice a day4 ,:at good p6 & h[ f> are we beh9d !m6 ,yet we1 :o = ?irte5 hundr$ ye>s h be5 no?+ b assass9s1 ass]t t ^! wise m5 7 pr\d4 ,to please ,py?agoras ,i said n a ^w to him1 b w5t on to ,zoroa/]1 :o 0 engag$ 9 conc5trat+ ! cele/ial fire 9 ! focus ( a concave mirror1 9 ! c5tre ( a ve/ibule ) a hundr$ gates1 ea* "o lead+ to wisdom4 ,on ! pr9cipal ( ^! gates ,i read ^! words1 :i* are ! ab/ract ( all morality1 & cut %ort all ! disputes ( ! casui/s3 ,:5 ?\ art 9 d\bt :e!r an action is good or bad1 ab/a9 f x4 ,c]ta9ly1 said ,i to my g5ius1 ! b>b>ians :o immolat$ all ! victims ^: bones ,i h se5 _h n read ^! f9e words4 ,!n we saw ,zaleucus1 ,?ales1 ,anaxim&]1 & all ! o!r sages :o _h s\ght tru? & practis$ virtue4 ,:5 we came to ,socrates ,i quickly recogniz$ him by 8 brok5 nose4 ,well1 said ,i1 y !n are among ! confidants ( ! ,mo/ ,high6 ,all ! inhabitants ( ,europe1 except+ ! ,turks & ! ,crim ,t>t>s1 :o "k no?+1 pron\nce y\r "n ) rev]5ce4 ,s mu* is t great "n v5]at$1 s mu* is x lov$1 t x has be5 s\ght to discov] ^? ( y\r p]secutors4 ,melitus & ,anitus are kn[n because ( y1 z ,ravaillac is kn[n because ( ,h5ry ,,iv42 b ( ,anitus ,i "k only ! "n4 ,i "k n precisely :o t villa9 0 by :om y 7 calumniat$1 & :o succe$$ 9 procur+ y\r condemnation to ! hemlock4 ,i h nev] ?\ght ( t man s9ce my adv5ture1 answ]$ ,socrates2 b n[ t y put me 9 m9d ( him1 ,i pity him mu*4 ,he 0 a wick$ prie/1 :o secretly c>ri$ on a trade 9 lea!r1 a traffic reput$ %ameful among/ u4 ,he s5t 8 two *ildr5 to my s*ool2 ! o!r disciples reproa*$ !m ) _! fa!r's be+ a curri]1 & !y 7 oblig$ to quit4 ,! inc5s$ fa!r 0 unceas+ 9 8 endeavors until he _h /irr$ up aga9/ me all ! prie/s & all ! sophi/s4 ,!y p]suad$ ! c\ncil ( ! five hundr$ t ,i 0 an impi\s man1 :o did n believe t ! moon1 ,m]cury1 & ,m>s 7 deities4 ,i ?\ght inde$1 z ,i d n[1 t !re is b "o ,god1 ! ma/] ( all nature4 ,! judges gave me up to ! republic's poison]1 & he %ort5$ my life a few days4 ,i di$ ) tranquillity at ! age ( sev5ty ye>s1 & s9ce !n ,i h l$ a happy life ) all ^! great m5 :om y see1 & ( :om ,i am ! lea/4444 ,aft] enjoy+ ! conv]sation ( ,socrates = "s "t1 ,i advanc$ ) my guide into a b[]1 situat$ above ! groves1 :]e all ^! sages ( antiquity seem$ to be ta/+ ! sweets ( repose4 ,"h ,i beheld a man ( mild & simple mi51 :o appe>$ to me to be ab\t ?irty-five ye>s old4 ,he 0 look+ ) compassion ^u ! di/ant heaps ( :it5$ skeletons ?r\gh :i* ,i _h be5 l$ to ! abode ( ! sages4 ,i 0 a/oni%$ to f9d 8 feet swell$ & bloody1 8 h&s 9 ! same /ate1 8 side pi]c$1 & 8 ribs laid b>e by flogg+4 ,good ,god6 said ,i1 is x possible t "o ( ! j & wise %\ld be 9 ?is /ate8 ,i h j se5 "o :o 0 treat$ 9 a v odi\s mann]2 b !re is no comp>ison betwe5 8 puni%m5t & y\rs4 ,bad prie/s & bad judges poison$ him4 ,0 x also by prie/s & judges t y 7 s cruelly assass9at$8 ,) great affability he answ]$--,yes4 ,& :o 7 ^? mon/]s8 ,!y 7 hypocrites4 ,ah6 y h said all6 by t "o ^w ,i und]/& t !y w\ld condemn y to ! wor/ ( puni%m5ts4 ,y !n _h prov$ to !m1 l ,socrates1 t ! moon 0 n a goddess1 & t ,m]cury 0 n a god8 ,no2 ^? planets 7 q out ( ! "q4 ,my c\ntrym5 did n ev5 "k :at a planet 02 !y 7 all arrant ignoramuses4 ,_! sup]/itions 7 q diff]5t f ^? ( ! ,greeks4 ,!n y wi%$ to tea* !m a new religion8 ,n at all2 ,i simply said to !m--',love ,god ) all y\r he>ts1 & y\r neighbor z y\rselves2 = t is all4' ,judge :e!r ?is precept is n z old z ! univ]se2 judge :e!r ,i br\ght !m a new wor%ip4 ,i con/antly told !m t ,i 0 come1 n to aboli% _! law1 b to fulfil x2 ,i _h obs]v$ all _! rites2 ,i 0 circumcis$ z !y all 72 ,i 0 baptiz$ l ! mo/ zeal\s ( !m2 l !m ,i paid ! corban2 l !m ,i kept ! ,passov]2 & ate1 /&+1 lamb cook$ ) lettuce4 ,i & my fri5ds w5t to pray 9 _! temple2 my fri5ds1 too1 frequ5t$ ! temple aft] my dea?4 ,9 %ort1 ,i fulfill$ all _! laws )\t "o exception4 ,:at6 c\ld n ^! wret*es ev5 reproa* y ) hav+ dep>t$ f _! laws8 ,c]ta9ly n4 ,:y1 !n1 did !y put y 9 ! /ate 9 :i* ,i n[ see y8 ,mu/ ,i tell y8--,!y 7 pr\d & selfi%2 !y saw t ,i knew !m2 !y saw t ,i 0 mak+ !m kn[n to ! citiz5s2 !y 7 ! /ronge/2 !y took away my life2 & su* z !y w always d ! same1 if !y c1 to :oev] %all h done !m too mu* ju/ice4 ,b did y say no?+2 did y d no?+1 t c\ld s]ve !m z a pretext8 ,! wick$ f9d a pretext 9 ev]y?+4 ,did y n once tell !m t y 7 come to br+1 n peace1 b ! sword8 ,?is 0 an error ( "s scribe4 ,i told !m t ,i br\ght1 n ! sword1 b peace4 ,i nev] wrote any?+2 :at ,i said might be miscopi$ )\t any ill int5t4 ,y did n !n contribute 9 any?+1 by y\r disc\rses1 ei!r badly r5d]$ or badly int]pret$1 to ^? frightful masses ( bones :i* ,i pass$ on my way to consult y8 ,i look$ ) horror on ^? :o 7 guilty ( all ^! murd]s4 ,& ^? monum5ts ( p[] & weal?--( pride & av>ice--^? treasures1 ^? ornam5ts1 ^? ensigns ( greatness1 :i*1 :5 seek+ wisdom1 ,i saw accumulat$ on ! way--d !y proce$ f y8 ,x is impossible2 ,i & m9e liv$ 9 pov]ty & l[l9ess2 my greatness 0 only 9 virtue4 ,i 0 on ! po9t ( begg+ ( him to h ! goodness j to tell me :o he 02 b my guide w>n$ me to refra94 ,he told me t ,i 0 n =m$ = compreh5d+ ^! sublime my/]ies4 ,i conjur$ him to tell me only 9 :at true religion consi/$4 ,h ,i n told y already8--,love ,god & y\r neighbor z y\rself4 ,:at6 ,c we love ,god & yet eat meat on a ,friday8 ,i always ate :at 0 giv5 me2 = ,i 0 too poor to give a d9n] to any "o4 ,might we love ,god & be j1 & /ill be prud5t en\gh n to intru/ all ! adv5tures ( "o's life to a p]son "o does n "k8 ,su* 0 always my cu/om4 ,might n ,i1 :ile do+ good1 be excus$ f mak+ a pilgrimage to ,/4 ,james ( ,compo/ello8 ,i nev] 0 9 t c\ntry4 ,%\ld ,i conf9e myself 9 a place ( retirem5t ,) blockheads8 ,= my "p1 ,i always made little j\rneys f t[n to t[n4 ,mu/ ,i take "p ) ! ,greek or ) ! ,lat9 ,*ur*8 ,:5 ,i 0 9 ! _w1 ,i nev] made any diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,jew & ! ,sam>itan4 ,well1 if x be s1 ,i take y = my only ma/]4 ,!n he gave me a nod1 :i* fill$ me ) consolation4 ,! vision disappe>$1 & ,i 0 left ) a good consci5ce4 ,,section ,,iii4 ,que/ions on ,religion4 ,,fir/ ,,"q4 ,w>burton1 bi%op ( ,gl\ce/]1 au?or ( "o ( ! mo/ le>n$ works ev] writt51 ?us expresses himself 7,div9e ,legation ( ,moses1 i41 #h73 ,a religion1 a society1 :i* is n f\nd$ on ! belief ( a future /ate1 mu/ be support$ by an extraord9>y ,provid5ce4 ,judaism is n f\nd$ on ! belief ( a future /ate2 !re=e1 ,judaism 0 support$ by an extraord9>y ,provid5ce4 ,_m !ologians rose up aga9/ him2 &1 z all argum5ts are retort$1 s 0 8 retort$ ^u himself2 he 0 told3 ,e religion :i* is n f\nd$ on ! dogma ( ! immortality ( ! s\l1 & on ev]la/+ rew>ds & puni%m5ts1 is necess>ily false4 ,n[ ^! dogmas 7 unkn[n to ! ,jews2 !re=e ,judaism1 f> f be+ support$ by ,provid5ce1 01 on y\r own pr9ciples1 a false & b>b>\s religion by :i* ,provid5ce 0 attack$4 ,?is bi%op _h "s o!r adv]s>ies1 :o ma9ta9$ aga9/ him t ! immortality ( ! s\l 0 kn[n to ! ,jews ev5 9 ! "t ( ,moses2 b he prov$ to !m v cle>ly t nei!r ! ,decalogue1 nor ,leviticus1 nor ,deut]onomy1 _h said "o ^w ( su* a belief2 & t x is ridicul\s to /rive to di/ort & corrupt "s passages ( o!r books1 9 ord] to draw f !m a tru? :i* is n ann\nc$ 9 ! book ( ! law4 ,! bi%op1 hav+ writt5 f\r volumes to demon/rate t ! ,jewi% law propos$ nei!r pa9s nor rew>ds aft] dea?1 has nev] be5 able to answ] 8 adv]s>ies 9 a v satisfactory mann]4 ,!y said to him3 ,ei!r ,moses knew ?is dogma1 & s deceiv$ ! ,jews by n communicat+ x1 or he did n "k x1 9 :i* case he did n "k en\gh to f\nd a good religion4 ,inde$1 if ! religion _h be5 good :y %\ld x h be5 aboli%$8 ,a true religion mu/ be = all times & all places2 x mu/ be z ! light ( ! sun1 enlight5+ all nations & g5]ations4 ,?is prelate1 enlight5$ z he is1 has f\nd x no easy task to extricate himself f s _m difficulties4 ,b :at sy/em is free f !m8 ,,second ,,"q4 ,ano!r man ( le>n+1 & a mu* great] philosoph]1 :o is "o ( ! pr(\nde/ metaphysicians ( ! day1 advances v /rong argum5ts to prove t poly!ism 0 ! primitive religion ( mank9d1 & t m5 began ) believ+ 9 sev]al gods be=e _! reason 0 suffici5tly enlight5$ to ackn[l$ge "o only ,supreme ,be+4 ,on ! contr>y1 ,i v5ture to believe t 9 ! beg9n+ !y ackn[l$g$ "o only ,god1 & t aft]w>ds human weakness adopt$ sev]al4 ,my conception ( ! matt] is ?is3 ,x is indubitable t !re 7 villages be=e l>ge t[ns 7 built1 & t all m5 h be5 divid$ into petty commonweal?s be=e !y 7 unit$ 9 great empires4 ,x is v natural t ! p ( a village1 be+ t]rifi$ by ?und]1 afflict$ at ! loss ( its h>ve/s1 ill-us$ by ! inhabitants ( a neighbor+ village1 feel+ e day its own weakness1 feel+ ev]y:]e an invisible p[]1 %\ld soon h said3 ,!re is "s ,be+ above u :o does u good & h>m4 ,x seems to me to be impossible t x %\ld h said3 ,!re are two p[]s2 = :y m ?an "o8 ,9 all ?+s we beg9 ) ! simple2 !n comes ! comp\nd2 & aft]1 by sup]ior light1 we g back to ! simple aga94 ,su* is ! m>* ( ! human m9d6 ,b :at is ?is be+ :o is ?us invok$ at fir/8 ,is x ! sun8 ,is x ! moon8 ,i d n ?9k s4 ,let u exam9e :at passes 9 ! m9ds ( *ildr52 !y are ne>ly l ^? ( un9=m$ m54 ,!y are /ruck1 nei!r by ! beauty nor by ! utility ( ! lum9>y :i* animates nature1 nor by ! assi/ance l5t u by ! moon1 nor by ! regul> v>iations ( h] c\rse2 !y ?9k n ( ^! ?+s2 !y are too mu* accu/om$ to !m4 ,we adore1 we invoke1 we seek to appease1 only t :i* we fe>4 ,all *ildr5 look ^u ! sky ) indiff]5ce2 b :5 ! ?und] gr[ls !y tremble & run to hide !mselves4 ,! fir/ m5 und\bt$ly did likewise4 ,x c\ld only be a sect ( philosoph]s :o fir/ obs]v$ ! c\rses ( ! planets1 made !m admir$1 & caus$ !m to be ador$2 m]e till]s ( ! gr\nd1 )\t any in=mation1 did n "k en\gh ( !m to embrace s noble an error4 ,a village !n w\ld conf9e itself to say+3 ,!re is a p[] :i* ?und]s & hails ^u u1 :i* makes our *ildr5 die2 let u appease x4 ,b h[ %all we appease x8 ,we see t by small pres5ts we h calm$ ! ang] ( irritat$ m52 let u !n make small pres5ts to ?is p[]4 ,x mu/ also receive a "n4 ,! fir/ t pres5ts itself is t ( *ief1 ma/]1 "l4 ,?is p[] !n is /yl$ ,my ,"l4 ,= ?is reason p]haps x 0 t ! fir/ ,egyptians call$ _! god knef2 ! ,syrians1 ,adonai2 ! neighbor+ nations1 ,baal1 or ,bel1 or ,mel*1 or ,molo*2 ! ,scy?ians1 ,papu2 all ^! names signify+ "l1 ma/]4 ,?us 0 ne>ly all ,am]ica f\nd to be divid$ into a multitude ( petty tribes1 ea* hav+ its protect+ god4 ,! ,mexicans1 too1 & ! ,p]uvians1 =m+ great nations1 _h only "o god--! "o ador+ ,manco ,capak1 ! o!r ! god ( w>4 ,! ,mexicans call$ _! w>like div9ity ,huitzilipo*tli1 z ! ,hebrews _h call$ _! ,"l ,sabao?4 ,x 0 n f a sup]ior & cultivat$ reason t e p ?us began ) ackn[l$g+ "o only ,div9ity2 _h !y be5 philosoph]s1 !y w\ld h ador$ ! ,god ( all nature1 & n ! god ( a village2 !y w\ld h exam9$ ^? inf9ite relations among all ?+s :i* prove a ,be+ creat+ & pres]v+2 b !y exam9$ no?+--!y felt4 ,su* is ! progress ( our feeble und]/&+4 ,ea* village w\ld feel its weakness & its ne$ ( a protector2 x w\ld imag9e t tutel>y & t]rible be+ resid+ 9 ! neighbor+ =e/1 or on a m\nta91 or 9 a cl\d4 ,x w\ld imag9e only "o1 because ! clan _h b "o *ief 9 w>2 x w\ld imag9e t "o corporeal1 because x 0 impossible to repres5t x o!rwise4 ,x c\ld n believe t ! neighbor+ tribe _h n also its god4 ,!re=e x 0 t ,jeph?ah said to ! inhabitants ( ,moab3 ,y possess lawfully :at y\r god ,*emo? has made y conqu]2 y %\ld1 !n1 let u enjoy :at our god has giv5 u by 8 victories4 ,?is language1 us$ by "o /rang] to o!r /rang]s1 is v rem>kable4 ,! ,jews & ! ,moabites _h dispossess$ ! natives ( ! c\ntry2 nei!r _h any "r b t ( =ce2 & ! "o says to ! o!r3 ,y\r god has protect$ y 9 y\r usurpation2 suff] our god to protect u 9 ours4 ,j]emiah & ,amos bo? ask :at "r ! god ,mel*em _h to seize ! c\ntry ( ,gad8 ,f ^! passages x is evid5t t ! anci5ts attribut$ to ea* c\ntry a protect+ god4 ,we f9d o!r traces ( ?is !ology 9 ,hom]4 ,x is v natural t1 m5's imag9ations be+ heat$1 & _! m9ds hav+ acquir$ "s confus$ k1 !y %\ld soon multiply _! gods1 & spe$ily assign protectors to ! elem5ts1 ! seas1 ! =e/s1 ! f\nta9s1 & ! fields4 ,! m !y obs]v$ ! />s1 ! m !y w\ld be /ruck ) admiration4 ,h[1 inde$1 %\ld !y h ador$ ! div9ity ( a brook1 & n h ador$ ! sun8 ,! fir/ /ep be+ tak51 ! e>? w\ld soon be cov]$ ) gods2 & f ! />s m5 w\ld at la/ come d[n to cats & onions4 ,reason1 h[ev]1 w advance t[>ds p]fection2 "t at l5g? f\nd philosoph]s :o saw t nei!r onions1 nor cats1 nor ev5 ! />s1 _h arrang$ ! ord] ( nature4 ,all ^? philosoph]s--,babylonians1 ,p]sians1 ,egyptians1 ,scy?ians1 ,greeks1 & ,romans--admitt$ a supreme1 rew>d+1 & av5g+ ,god4 ,!y did n at fir/ tell x to ! p2 = :osoev] %\ld h spok5 ill ( onions & cats be=e prie/s & old wom51 w\ld h be5 /on$2 :osoev] %\ld h reproa*$ c]ta9 ( ! ,egyptians ) eat+ _! gods w\ld himself h be5 eat5--z ,juv5al relates t an ,egyptian 0 9 reality kill$ & eat5 q raw 9 a controv]sial dispute4 ,:at !n did !y d8 ,orpheus & o!rs e/abli%$ my/]ies1 :i* ! initiat$ swore by oa?s ( execration n to reveal--( :i* my/]ies ! pr9cipal 0 ! adoration ( a supreme ,god4 ,?is great tru? made its way ?r\gh half ! _w1 & ! numb] ( ! initiat$ became imm5se4 ,x is true t ! anci5t religion /ill exi/$2 b z x 0 n contr>y to ! dogma ( ! unity ( ,god1 x 0 all[$ to exi/4 ,& :y %\ld x h be5 aboli%$8 ,! ,romans ackn[l$g$ ! ,deus optimus maximus & ! ,greeks _h _! ,zeus--_! supreme god4 ,all ! o!r div9ities 7 only int]m$iate be+s2 h]oes & emp]ors 7 rank$ ) ! gods1 i4e41 ) ! bless$2 b x is c]ta9 t ,claudius1 ,octavius1 ,tib]ius1 & ,caligula1 7 n reg>d$ z ! creators ( heav5 & e>?4 ,9 %ort1 x seems prov$ t1 9 ! "t ( ,augu/us1 all :o _h a religion ackn[l$g$ a sup]ior1 et]nal ,god1 ) sev]al ord]s ( second>y gods1 ^: wor%ip 0 call$ idolatry4 ,! laws ( ! ,jews nev] favor$ idolatry2 =1 al?\gh !y admitt$ ! ,mala*im1 angels & cele/ial be+s ( an inf]ior ord]1 _! law did n orda9 t !y %\ld wor%ip ^! second>y div9ities4 ,!y ador$ ! angels1 x is true2 t is1 !y pro/rat$ !mselves :5 !y saw !m2 b z ?is did n (t5 happ51 !re 0 no c]emonial nor legal wor%ip e/abli%$ = !m4 ,! *]ubim ( ! ark receiv$ no homage4 ,x is beyond a d\bt t ! ,jews1 f ,alex&]'s "t at lea/1 op5ly ador$ "o only ,god1 z ! innum]able multitude ( ! initiat$ secretly ador$ ,him 9 _! my/]ies4 ,,?ird ,,"q4 ,x 0 at ! "t :5 ! wor%ip ( a ,supreme ,god 0 univ]sally e/abli%$ among all ! wise 9 ,asia1 9 ,europe1 & 9 ,africa1 t ! ,*ri/ian religion took its bir?4 ,platonism assi/$ mat]ially ! und]/&+ ( its dogmas4 ,! ,logos1 :i* ) ,plato meant ! wisdom1 ! reason ( ! ,supreme ,be+1 became ) u ! ^w1 & a second p]son ( ,god4 ,pr(\nd metaphysics1 above human intellig5ce1 7 an inaccessible sanctu>y 9 :i* religion 0 envelop$4 ,x is n necess>y "h to repeat h[ ,m>y 0 aft]w>ds decl>$ to be ! "m ( ,god2 h[ ! consub/antiality ( ! ,fa!r & ! ^w 0 e/abli%$2 z also ! proce$+ ( ! pneuma1 ! div9e organ ( ! div9e ,logos2 z also ! two natures & two wills result+ f ! hypo/asis2 & la/ly1 ! sup]ior m&ucation--! s\l n\ri%$ z well z ! body1 ) ! fle% & blood ( ! ,god-man1 ador$ & eat5 9 ! =m ( bread1 pres5t to ! eyes1 s5sible to ! ta/e1 & yet annihilat$4 ,all my/]ies h be5 sublime4 ,9 ! second c5tury devils began to be ca/ out 9 ! "n ( ,jesus2 be=e !y 7 ca/ out 9 ! "n ( ,jehovah or ,ihaho2 = ,/4 ,mat!w relates t ! enemies ( ,jesus hav+ said t ,he ca/ out devils 9 ! "n ( ! pr9ce ( devils1 ,he answ]$1 ,if ,i ca/ out devils by ,beelzebub1 by :om d y\r sons ca/ !m out8 ,x is n kn[n at :at "t ! ,jews recogniz$ ,beelzebub1 :o 0 a /range god1 z ! pr9ce ( devils2 b x is kn[n1 = ,josephus tells u1 t !re 7 at ,j]usalem exorci/s appo9t$ to ca/ out devils f ! bodies ( ! possess$2 t is1 ( su* z 7 attack$ by s+ul> maladies1 :i* 7 !n 9 a great "p ( ! _w attribut$ to ! malific g5ii4 ,^! demons 7 !n ca/ out by ! true pronunciation ( ,jehovah1 :i* is n[ lo/1 & by o!r c]emonies n[ =gott54 ,?is exorcism by ,jehovah or by ! o!r names ( ,god1 0 /ill 9 use 9 ! fir/ ages ( ! *ur*4 ,orig51 disput+ aga9/ ,celsus1 says to him3 ,if1 :5 invok+ ,god1 or swe>+ by ,him1 y call ,him '! ,god ( ,abraham1 ,isaac1 & ,jacob1' y w by ^? words d ?+s1 ! nature & =ce ( :i* are su* t ! evil spirits submit to ^? :o pron\nce !m2 b if y call him by ano!r "n1 z ',god ( ! ro>+ sea1' etc41 no effect w be produc$4 ,! "n ( ',israel1' r5d]$ 9 ,greek1 w "w no?+2 b pron\nce x 9 ,hebrew ) ! o!r words requir$1 & y w effect ! conjuration4 ,! same ,orig5 has ^! rem>kable words3 ,!re are names :i* are p[]ful f _! own nature4 ,su* are ^? us$ by ! sages ( ,egypt1 ! ,magi ( ,p]sia1 & ! ,brahm9s ( ,india4 ,:at is call$ 'magic1' is n a va9 & *im]ical art1 z ! ,/oics & ,epicureans pret5d4 ,! names ',sabao?' & ',adonai' 7 n made = creat$ be+s1 b belong to a my/]i\s !ology :i* has ref]5ce to ! ,creator2 h5ce ! virtue ( ^! names :5 !y are arrang$ & pron\nc$ accord+ to rule4 ,orig51 :5 speak+ ?us1 is n giv+ 8 private op9ion2 he is b repeat+ ! univ]sal op9ion4 ,all ! religions !n kn[n admitt$ a sort ( magic1 :i* 0 di/+ui%$ into cele/ial magic1 & inf]nal magic1 necromancy & !urgy--all 0 prodigy1 div9ation1 oracle4 ,! ,p]sians did n d5y ! miracles ( ! ,egyptians1 nor ! ,egyptians ^? ( ! ,p]sians4 ,god p]mitt$ ! primitive ,*ri/ians to be p]suad$ ( ! tru? ( ! oracles attribut$ to ! ,sibyls1 & left !m a few o!r unimportant errors1 :i* 7 no ess5tial detrim5t to _! religion4 ,ano!r v rem>kable ?+ is1 t ! ,*ri/ians ( ! primitive ages held temples1 alt>s1 & images 9 abhorr5ce4 ,orig5 ackn[l$ges ?is 7,no4 #cdg74 ,ev]y?+ 0 aft]w>ds *ang$1 ) ! discipl9e1 :5 ! ,*ur* assum$ a p]man5t =m4 ,,f\r? ,,"q4 ,:5 once a religion is e/abli%$ 9 a /ate1 ! tribunals are all employ$ 9 p]v]t+ ! cont9uance or r5ewal ( mo/ ( ! ?+s t 7 done 9 t religion be=e x 0 publicly receiv$4 ,! f\nd]s us$ to assemble 9 private1 9 spite ( magi/rates2 b n[ no assemblies are p]mitt$ b public ones "u ! eyes ( ! law1 & all conceal$ associations are =bidd54 ,! maxim =m]ly 01 t x is bett] to obey ,god ?an man2 ! opposite maxim is n[ adopt$1 t to foll[ ! laws ( ! /ate is to obey ,god4 ,no?+ 0 he>d ( b obsessions & possessions2 ! devil 0 !n let loose ^u ! _w1 b n[ ! devil /ays at home4 ,prodigies & pr$ictions 7 necess>y2 n[ !y are no long] admitt$3 a man :o 9 ! places %\ld =etell calamities1 w\ld be s5t to a madh\se4 ,! f\nd]s secretly receiv$ ! money ( ! fai?ful2 b n[1 a man :o %\ld ga!r money = 8 own disposal1 )\t be+ au?oriz$ by ! law1 w\ld be br\ght be=e a c\rt ( ju/ice to answ] = s do+4 ,?us ! scaffold+s t h s]v$ to build ! edifice are no long] made use (4 ,,fif? ,,"q4 ,aft] our own holy religion1 :i* indubitably is ! only good "o1 :at religion w\ld be ! lea/ objectionable8 ,w\ld x n be t :i* %\ld be ! simple/2 t :i* %\ld tea* mu* morality & v few dogmas2 t :i* %\ld t5d to make m5 j1 )\t mak+ !m absurd2 t :i* %\ld n orda9 ! belief ( ?+s impossible1 contradictory1 injuri\s to ! ,div9ity1 & p]nici\s to mank9d2 nor d>e to ?reat5 ) et]nal pa9s :osoev] %\ld possess common s5se8 ,w\ld x n be t :i* %\ld n uphold its belief by ! h& ( ! execution]1 nor inundate ! e>? ) blood to support un9telligible sophisms2 t 9 :i* an ambigu\s expression1 a play ^u words1 & two or ?ree support$ *>t]s1 %\ld n suffice to make a sov]eign & a god ( a prie/ :o is (t5 ince/u\s1 a murd]]1 & a poison]2 :i* %\ld n make k+s subject to ?is prie/2 t :i* %\ld tea* only ! adoration ( "o ,god1 ju/ice1 tol]ance1 & humanity4 ,,six? ,,"q4 ,x has be5 said1 t ! religion ( ! ,g5tiles 0 absurd 9 _m po9ts1 contradictory1 & p]nici\s2 b h !re n be5 imput$ to x m h>m ?an x ev] did1 & m absurdities ?an x ev] prea*$8 ,%[ me 9 all antiquity a temple d$icat$ to ,l$a ly+ ) a swan1 or ,europa ) a bull4 ,0 !re ev] a s]mon prea*$ at ,a!ns or at ,rome1 to p]suade ! "y wom5 to cohabit ) _! p\ltry8 ,are ! fables collect$ & adorn$ by ,ovid religi\s8 ,are !y n l our ,gold5 ,leg5d1 our ,fl[] ( ! ,sa9ts8 ,if "s ,brahm9 or d]vi% 7 to come & object to our /ory ( ,/4 ,m>y ! ,egyptian1 :o n hav+ :]e) to pay ! sailors :o convey$ h] to ,egypt1 gave to ea* ( !m in/ead ( money :at are call$ favors1 we %\ld say to ! ,brahm93 ,rev]5d fa!r1 y are mi/ak52 our religion is n ! ,gold5 ,leg5d4 ,we reproa* ! anci5ts ) _! oracles1 & prodigies2 if !y c\ld return to ?is _w1 & ! miracles ( our ,lady ( ,loretto & our ,lady ( ,ephesus c\ld be c\nt$1 9 ^: favor w\ld be ! balance8 ,human sacrifices 7 e/abli%$ among almo/ e p1 b v r>ely put 9 practice4 ,among ! ,jews1 only ,jeph?ah's daught] & ,k+ ,agag 7 immolat$2 = ,isaac & ,jona?an 7 n4 ,among ! ,greeks1 ! /ory ( ,iphig5ia is n well au!nticat$2 & human sacrifices 7 v r>e among ! anci5t ,romans4 ,9 %ort1 ! religion ( ! ,pagans caus$ v little blood to be %$1 :ile ours has delug$ ! e>?4 ,ours is d\btless ! only good1 ! only true "o2 b we h done s mu* h>m by its means t :5 we speak ( o!rs we %\ld be mode/4 ,,sev5? ,,"q4 ,if a man w\ld p]suade =eign]s1 or 8 own c\ntrym51 ( ! tru? ( 8 religion1 %\ld he n g ab\t x ) ! mo/ ins9uat+ mildness & ! mo/ engag+ mod]ation8 ,if he beg9s ) tell+ !m t :at he ann\nces is demon/rat$1 he w f9d a multitude ( p]sons incr$ul\s2 if he v5tures to tell !m t !y reject 8 doctr9e only inasmu* z x condemns _! passions2 t _! he>ts h corrupt$ _! m9ds2 t _! reason+ is only false & pr\d1 he disgu/s !m2 he inc5ses !m aga9/ himself2 he himself ru9s :at he w\ld fa9 e/abli%4 ,if ! religion he ann\nces be true1 w viol5ce & insol5ce r5d] x m s8 ,d y put y\rself 9 a rage1 :5 y say t x is necess>y to be mild1 pati5t1 b5efic5t1 j1 & to fulfil all ! duties ( society8 ,no2 because ev]yone is ( y\r own op9ion4 ,:y1 !n1 d y abuse y\r bro!r :5 prea*+ to him a my/]i\s sy/em ( metaphysics8 ,because 8 op9ion irritates y\r self-love4 ,y are s pr\d z to require y\r bro!r to submit 8 intellig5ce to y\rs2 humbl$ pride produces ! wra?2 x has no o!r s\rce4 ,a man :o has receiv$ tw5ty w\nds 9 a battle does n fly into a passion2 b a div9e1 w\nd$ by ! refusal ( y\r ass5t1 at once becomes furi\s & implacable4 ,,eigh? ,,"q4 ,mu/ we n c>efully di/+ui% ! religion ( ! /ate f !ological religion8 ,! religion ( ! /ate requires t ! imans keep regi/]s ( ! circumcis$1 ! vic>s or pa/ors regi/]s ( ! baptiz$2 t !re be mosques1 *ur*es1 temples1 days consecrat$ to re/ & wor%ip1 rites e/abli%$ by law2 t ! m9i/]s ( ^? rites enjoy consid]ation )\t p[]2 t !y tea* good morals to ! p1 & t ! m9i/]s ( ! law wat* ov] ! morals ( ! m9i/]s ( ! temples4 ,?is religion ( ! /ate _c at any "t cause any di/urbance4 ,x is o!rwise ) !ological religion3 ?is is ! s\rce ( all imag9able follies & di/urbances2 x is ! p>5t ( fanaticism & civil discord2 x is ! enemy ( mank9d4 ,a bonze ass]ts t ,fo is a ,god1-t he 0 =etold by fakirs1 t he 0 born ( a :ite elephant1 & t e bonze c by c]ta9 grimaces make a ,fo4 ,a talapo9 says1 t ,fo 0 a holy man1 ^: doctr9e ! bonzes h corrupt$1 & t ,sammonocodom is ! true ,god4 ,aft] a ?\s& argum5ts & contradictions1 ! two factions agree to ref] ! "q to ! dalai-lama1 :o resides ?ree hundr$ leagues (f1 & :o is n only immortal1 b also infallible4 ,! two factions s5d to him a solemn deputation2 & ! dalai-lama beg9s1 accord+ to 8 div9e cu/om1 by di/ribut+ among !m ! cont5ts ( 8 close-/ool4 ,! two rival sects at fir/ receive !m ) equal rev]5ce2 h !m dri$ 9 ! sun1 & encase !m 9 little *aplets :i* !y kiss dev\tly2 b no soon] h ! dalai-lama & 8 c\ncil pron\nc$ 9 ! "n ( ,fo1 ?an ! condemn$ p>ty ?r[ _! *aplets 9 ! vice-god's face1 & w\ld fa9 give him a s\nd ?ra%+4 ,! o!r p>ty def5d _! lama1 f :om !y h receiv$ good l&s2 bo? fight a long "t2 & :5 at la/ !y are tir$ ( mutual ext]m9ation1 assass9ation1 & poison+1 !y grossly abuse ea* o!r1 :ile ! dalai-lama laughs1 & /ill di/ributes 8 excrem5t to :osoev] is desir\s ( receiv+ ! good fa!r lama's preci\s favors4 ,,rhyme4 ,rhyme 0 probably inv5t$ to assi/ ! memory1 & to regulate at ! same "t ! song & ! dance4 ,! return ( ! same s\nds s]v$ to br+ easily & readily to ! recollection ! int]m$iate words betwe5 ! two rhymes4 ,^? rhymes 7 a guide at once to ! s+] & ! danc]2 !y indicat$ ! measure4 ,accord+ly1 9 e c\ntry1 v]se 0 ! language ( ! gods4 ,we may !re=e class x among ! li/ ( probable1 t is1 ( unc]ta91 op9ions1 t rhyme 0 at fir/ a religi\s app5dage or c]emony2 = aft] all1 x is possible t v]ses & songs might be address$ by a man to 8 mi/ress be=e !y 7 address$ by him to 8 deities2 & highly impassion$ lov]s inde$ w say t ! cases are precisely ! same4 ,a rabbi :o gave a g5]al view ( ! ,hebrew language1 :i* ,i nev] 0 able to le>n1 once recit$ to me a numb] ( rhym$ psalms1 :i* he said we _h mo/ wret*$ly translat$4 ,i rememb] two v]ses1 :i* are z foll[s3 ,hibbitu cl>e v5a h>u ,ulph nehem al jeck ph>u4 ,!y look$ ^u him & 7 light5$1 & _! faces 7 n a%am$4 ,no rhyme c be ri*] ?an t ( ^? two v]ses2 & ?is be+ admitt$1 ,i reason 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,! ,jews1 :o spoke a j>gon half ,phnician & half ,syriac1 rhym$2 !re=e ! great & p[]ful nations1 "u :om !y 7 9 slav]y1 rhym$ also4 ,we _c help believ+1 t ! ,jews--:o1 z we h frequ5tly obs]v$1 adopt$ almo/ ev]y?+ f _! neighbors--adopt$ f !m also rhyme4 ,all ! ,ori5tals rhyme2 !y are /eady & con/ant 9 _! usages4 ,!y dress n[ z !y h dress$ = ! long s]ies ( five or six ?\s& ye>s4 ,we may1 !re=e1 well believe t !y h rhym$ = a p]iod ( equal duration4 ,"s ( ! le>n$ cont5d t ! ,greeks began ) rhym+1 :e!r 9 honor ( _! gods1 _! h]oes1 or _! mi/resses2 b1 t aft]w>ds becom+ m s5sible ( ! h>mony ( _! language1 hav+ acquir$ a m accurate k ( prosody1 & ref9$ ^u melody1 !y made ^? requisite v]ses )\t rhyme :i* h be5 transmitt$ d[n to u1 & :i* ! ,lat9s imitat$ & v (t5 surpass$4 ,z = u1 ! mis]able desc5dants ( ,go?s1 ,v&als1 ,gauls1 ,franks1 & ,burgundians--b>b>ians :o are incapable ( atta9+ ei!r ! ,greek or ,lat9 melody--we are compell$ to rhyme4 ,blank v]se1 among all mod]n nations1 is no?+ b prose )\t any measure2 x is di/+ui%$ f ord9>y prose only by a c]ta9 numb] ( equal & monoton\s syllables1 :i* x has be5 agre$ to d5om9ate v]se4 ,we h rem>k$ else:]e t ^? :o h writt5 9 blank v]se h done s only because !y 7 incapable ( rhym+4 ,blank v]se orig9at$ 9 an incapacity to ov]come difficulty1 & 9 a desire to come to an end soon]4 ,we h rem>k$ t ,ario/o has made a s]ies ( =ty-eight ?\s& rhymes )\t produc+ ei!r disgu/ or we>9ess 9 a s+le read]4 ,we h obs]v$ h[ ,fr5* poetry1 9 rhyme1 sweeps all ob/acles be=e x1 & t pleasure arose ev5 f ! v ob/acles !mselves4 ,we h be5 always conv9c$ t rhyme 0 necess>y = ! e>s1 n = ! eyes2 & we h expla9$ our op9ions1 if n ) judgm5t & success1 at lea/ )\t dictation & arrogance4 ,b we ackn[l$ge t on ! receipt at ,m\nt ,krapak ( ! late dreadful lit]>y intellig5ce f ,p>is1 our =m] mod]ation completely ab&ons u4 ,we und]/& t !re exi/s a ris+ sect ( b>b>ians1 ^: doctr9e is t no trag$y %\ld h5ce=w>d be ev] writt5 b 9 prose4 ,?is la/ bl[ alone 0 want+1 9 addition to all our previ\s afflictions4 ,x is ! abom9ation ( desolation 9 ! temple ( ! muses4 ,we c v easily conceive t1 aft] ,corneille _h turn$ into v]se ! ,imitation ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 "s s>ca/ic wag might m5ace ! public ) ! act+ ( a trag$y 9 prose1 by ,floridor & ,mondori2 b ?is project hav+ be5 s]i\sly execut$ by ! abb d',aubignac1 we well "k ) :at success x 0 att5d$4 ,we well "k ! ridicule & disgrace t 7 atta*$ to ! prose dipus ( ,de la ,motte ,h\d>t1 :i* 7 ne>ly z great z ^? :i* 7 incurr$ by 8 dipus 9 v]se4 ,:at mis]able ,visigo? c d>e1 aft] ,c9na & ,&roma*e1 to bani% v]se f ! !atre8 ,aft] ! gr& & brilliant age ( our lit]ature1 c we be really sunk into su* degradation & opprobrium6 ,contemptible b>b>ians6 ,g1 !n1 & see ?is y\r prose trag$y p]=m$ by actors 9 _! rid+-coats at ,vauxhall1 & aft]w>ds g & fea/ ^u %\ld] ( mutton & /rong be]4 ,:at w\ld ,rac9e & ,boileau h said _h ?is t]rible intellig5ce be5 ann\nc$ to !m8 ,bon ,dieu6 ,good ,god6 f :at a height h we fall51 & into :at a sl\gh are we plung$6 ,x is c]ta9 t rhyme gives a mo/ ov]:elm+ & oppressive influ5ce to v]ses possess+ m]e m$iocrity ( m]it4 ,! poet 9 ?is case is j l a bad ma*9i/1 :o _c prev5t ! h>% & grat+ s\nds ( 8 wires & pulleys f annoy+ ! e>4 ,8 read]s exp]i5ce ! same fatigue t he und]w5t :ile =m+ 8 own rhymes2 8 v]ses are no?+ b an empty j+l+ ( we>isome syllables4 ,b if he is happy 9 8 ?\ghts & happy also 9 8 rhyme1 he !n exp]i5ces & imp>ts a pleasure truly exquisite--a pleasure t c be fully enjoy$ only by m9ds end[$ ) s5sibility1 & by e>s attun$ to h>mony4 ,,resurrection4 ,,section ,i4 ,we are told t ! ,egyptians built _! pyramids = no o!r purpose ?an to make tombs ( !m1 & t _! bodies1 embalm$ )9 & )\t1 wait$ !re = _! s\ls to come & reanimate !m at ! end ( a ?\s& ye>s4 ,b if ^! bodies 7 to come to life aga91 :y did ! embalm]s beg9 ! op]ation by pi]c+ ! skull ) a gimlet1 & draw+ out ! bra98 ,! idea ( com+ to life aga9 )\t bra9s w\ld make "o suspect t--if ! expression may be us$--! ,egyptians _h n _m :ile alive2 b let u be> 9 m9d t mo/ ( ! anci5ts believ$ ! s\l to be 9 ! brea/4 ,& :y %\ld ! s\l be 9 ! brea/ r ?an else:]e8 ,because1 :5 our feel+s are at all viol5t1 we d 9 reality feel1 ab\t ! region ( ! he>t1 a dilatation or compression1 :i* caus$ x to be ?\ght t ! s\l 0 lodg$ !re4 ,?is s\l 0 some?+ a]ial2 x 0 a slight figure t w5t ab\t at r&om until x f\nd its body aga94 ,! belief 9 resurrection is mu* m anci5t ?an hi/orical times4 ,a?alides1 son ( ,m]cury1 c\ld die & come to life aga9 at w2 sculapius re/or$ ,hippolytus to life1 & ,h]cules1 ,alce/e4 ,pelops1 aft] be+ cut 9 pieces by 8 fa!r1 0 resuscitat$ by ! gods4 ,plato relates t ,h]es came to life aga9 = fifte5 days only4 ,among ! ,jews1 ! ,ph>isees did n adopt ! dogma ( ! resurrection until long aft] ,plato's "t4 ,9 ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les !re is a v s+ul> fact1 & "o well wor?y ( att5tion4 ,/4 ,james & sev]al ( 8 companions advise ,/4 ,paul to g into ! temple ( ,j]usalem1 &1 ,*ri/ian z he 01 to obs]ve all ! c]emonies ( ! ,old ,law1 9 ord]--say !y--t all may "k t ^? ?+s :]e( !y 7 in=m$ conc]n+ !e are no?+1 b t ?\ ?yself also walke/ ord]ly & keepe/ ! law4 ,?is is cle>ly say+3 ,g & lie2 g & p]jure y\rself2 g & publicly d5y ! religion :i* y tea*4 ,/4 ,paul !n w5t sev5 days into ! temple2 b on ! sev5? he 0 discov]$4 ,he 0 accus$ ( hav+ come into x ) /rang]s1 & ( hav+ pr(an$ x4 ,let u see h[ he extricat$ himself4 ,b :5 ,paul p]ceiv$ t ! "o "p 7 ,sadducees & ! o!r ,ph>isees1 he cri$ out 9 ! c\ncil--,m5 & bre?r51 ,i am a ,ph>isee1 ! son ( a ,ph>isee2 ( ! hope & resurrection ( ! dead ,i am call$ 9 "q4 ,! resurrection ( ! dead =m$ no "p ( ! "q2 ,paul said ?is only to inc5se ! ,ph>isees & ,sadducees aga9/ ea* o!r4 ,& :5 he _h s said !re arose a diss5sion betwe5 ! ,ph>isees & ! ,sadducees2 & ! multitude 0 divid$4 ,= ! ,sadducees say t !re is no resurrection1 nei!r angel nor _s2 b ! ,ph>isees confess bo?4 ,x has be5 ass]t$ t ,job1 :o is v anci5t1 0 acqua9t$ ) ! doctr9e ( resurrection2 & ^! words are cit$3 ,i "k t my ,r$eem] live?1 & t "o day ,8 r$emption %all rise ^u me2 or t ,i %all rise aga9 f ! du/1 t my sk9 %all return1 & t 9 my fle% ,i %all aga9 see ,god4 ,b _m comm5tators und]/& by ^! words t ,job hopes soon to recov] f 8 malady1 & t he %all n always rema9 ly+ on ! gr\nd1 z he !n 04 ,! sequel suffici5tly proves ?is explanation to be ! true "o2 = he cries out ! next mom5t to 8 false & h>dhe>t$ fri5ds3 ,:y !n d y say let u p]secute ,him8 ,or3 ,= y %all say1 because we p]secut$ ,him4 ,does n ?is evid5tly mean--y w rep5t ( hav+ ill us$ me1 :5 y %all see me aga9 9 my future /ate ( heal? & opul5ce4 ,:5 a sick man says3 ,i %all rise aga91 he does n say3 ,i %all come to life aga94 ,to give =c$ mean+s to cle> passages is ! sure way nev] to und]/& "o ano!r2 or r1 to be reg>d$ by hone/ m5 z want+ s9c]ity4 ,/4 ,j]ome dates ! bir? ( ! sect ( ! ,ph>isees b a v %ort "t be=e ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,! rabb9 ,hillel is consid]$ z hav+ be5 ! f\nd] ( ! ,ph>isac sect2 & ?is ,hillel 0 contempor>y ) ,/4 ,paul's ma/]1 ,gamaliel4 ,_m ( ^! ,ph>isees believ$ t only ! ,jews 7 br\ght to life aga91 ! re/ ( mank9d n be+ wor? ! tr\ble4 ,o!rs ma9ta9$ t !re w\ld be no ris+ aga9 b 9 ,pale/9e2 & t ! bodies ( su* z 7 buri$ else:]e w\ld be secretly convey$ into ! neighborhood ( ,j]usalem1 !re to rejo9 _! s\ls4 ,b ,/4 ,paul1 writ+ to ! p ( ,!ssalonica1 says3 ,= ?is we say unto y by ! ^w ( ! ,"l1 t we :i* are alive1 & rema9 unto ! com+ ( ! ,"l1 %all n prev5t !m :i* are asleep4 ,= ! ,"l ,himself %all desc5d f heav5 ) a %\t1 ) ! voice ( ! ar*angel1 & ) ! trump ( ,god2 & ! dead 9 ,*ri/ %all rise fir/4 ,!n we :i* are alive & rema9 %all be caught up ) !m 9 ! cl\ds to meet ! ,"l 9 ! air2 & s %all we ev] be ) ! ,"l4 ,does n ?is important passage cle>ly prove t ! fir/ ,*ri/ians calculat$ on see+ ! end ( ! _w8 z1 inde$1 x 0 =etold by ,/4 ,luke to take place :ile he himself 0 alive8 ,b if !y did n see ?is end ( ! _w1 if no "o rose aga9 9 _! day1 t :i* is def]r$ is n lo/4 ,/4 ,augu/9e believ$ t *ildr51 & ev5 /ill-born infants1 w\ld rise aga9 9 a /ate ( maturity4 ,orig51 ,j]ome1 ,a?anasius1 ,basil1 & o!rs1 did n believe t wom5 w\ld rise aga9 ) ! m>ks ( _! sex4 ,9 %ort1 !re h ev] be5 disputes ab\t :at we h be51 ab\t :at we are1 & ab\t :at we %all be4 ,,section ,,ii4 ,fa!r ,malebran*e proves resurrection by ! cat]pill>s becom+ butt]flies4 ,?is pro(1 z e "o may p]ceive1 is n m weighty ?an ! w+s ( ! insects f :i* he borr[s x4 ,calculat+ ?9k]s br+ =? ari?metical objections aga9/ ?is tru? :i* he has s well prov$4 ,!y say t m5 & o!r animals are really f$ & d]ive _! gr[? f ! sub/ance ( _! pr$ecessors4 ,! body ( a man1 r$uc$ to a%es1 scatt]$ 9 ! air1 & fall+ on ! surface ( ! e>?1 becomes corn or vegetable4 ,s ,ca9 ate a "p ( ,adam2 ,eno* f$ on ,ca92 ,irad on ,eno*2 ,mahalaleel on ,irad2 ,me?uselah on ,mahalaleel2 & ?us we f9d t !re is n "o among u :o has n swall[$ "s portion ( our fir/ p>5t4 ,h5ce x has be5 said t we h all be5 cannibals4 ,no?+ c be cle>] ?an t su* is ! case aft] a battle2 n only d we kill our bre?r51 b at ! end ( two or ?ree ye>s1 :5 ! h>ve/s h be5 ga!r$ f ! field ( battle1 we h eat5 !m all2 & we1 9 turn1 %all be eat5 ) ! greate/ facility imag9able4 ,n[1 :5 we are to rise aga91 h[ %all we re/ore to ea* "o ! body t belongs to him1 )\t los+ some?+ ( our own8 ,s say ^? :o tru/ n 9 resurrection2 b ! resurrectioni/s h answ]$ !m v p]t95tly4 ,a rabb9 nam$ ,sama demon/rates resurrection by ?is passage ( ,exodus3 ,i appe>$ unto ,abraham1 ,isaac1 & ,jacob1 & swore to give unto !m ! l& ( ,canaan4 ,n[--says ?is great rabb9--not)/&+ ?is oa?1 ,god did n give !m t l&2 !re=e1 !y w rise aga9 to enjoy x1 9 ord] t ! oa? be fulfill$4 ,! pr(\nd philosoph] ,calmet f9ds a mu* m conclusive pro( 9 vampires4 ,he saw vampires issu+ f *ur*y>ds to g & suck ! blood ( good p 9 _! sleep2 x is cle> t !y c\ld n suck ! blood ( ! liv+ if !y !mselves 7 /ill dead2 !re=e !y _h ris5 aga92 ?is is p]emptory4 ,x is also c]ta9 t at ! day ( judgm5t all ! dead w walk "u gr\nd1 l moles--s says ! ,talmud--t !y may appe> 9 ! valley ( ,jeho%aphat1 :i* lies betwe5 ! city ( ,j]usalem & ! ,m\nt ( ,olives4 ,!re w be a good deal ( squeez+ 9 ?is valley2 b x w only be necess>y to r$uce ! bodies proportionately1 l ,milton's devils 9 ! hall ( ,p&emonium4 ,?is resurrection w take place to ! s\nd ( ! trumpet1 accord+ to ,/4 ,paul4 ,!re mu/1 ( c\rse1 be m trumpets ?an "o2 = ! ?und] itself is n he>d m ?an ?ree or f\r leagues r\nd4 ,x is ask$3 ,h[ _m trumpets w !re be8 ,! div9es h n yet made ! calculation2 x w nev]!less be made4 ,! ,jews say t ,que5 ,cleopatra1 :o no d\bt believ$ 9 ! resurrection l all ! ladies ( t day1 ask$ a ,ph>isee if we 7 to rise aga9 q nak$8 ,! doctor answ]$ t we %all be v well dress$1 = ! same reason t ! corn t has be5 s[n & p]i%$ "u gr\nd rises aga9 9 e> ) a robe & a be>d4 ,?is rabb9 0 an excell5t !ologian2 he reason$ l ,dom ,calmet4 ,,section ,,iii4 ,resurrection ( ! ,anci5ts4 ,x has be5 ass]t$ t ! dogma ( resurrection 0 mu* 9 vogue ) ! ,egyptians1 & 0 ! orig9 ( _! embalm+s & _! pyramids4 ,?is ,i myself =m]ly believ$4 ,"s said t ! resurrection 0 to take place at ! end ( a ?\s& ye>s2 o!rs at ! end ( ?ree ?\s&4 ,?is diff]5ce 9 _! !ological op9ions seems to prove t !y 7 n v sure ab\t ! matt]4 ,besides1 9 ! hi/ory ( ,egypt1 we f9d no man rais$ aga92 b among ! ,greeks we f9d sev]al4 ,among ! latt]1 !n1 we mu/ look = ?is inv5tion ( ris+ aga94 ,b ! ,greeks (t5 burn$ _! bodies1 & ! ,egyptians embalm$ !m1 t :5 ! s\l1 :i* 0 a small1 a]ial figure1 return$ to its habitation1 x might f9d x q ready4 ,?is _h be5 good if its organs _h also be5 ready2 b ! embalm] began by tak+ out ! bra9 & cle>+ ! entrails4 ,h[ 7 m5 to rise aga9 )\t inte/9es1 & )\t ! m$ull>y "p by means ( :i* !y ?9k8 ,:]e 7 !y to f9d aga9 ! blood1 ! lymph1 & o!r humors8 ,y w tell me t x 0 /ill m difficult to rise aga9 among ! ,greeks1 :]e !re 0 n left ( y m ?an a p\nd ( a%es at ! utmo/--m+l$1 too1 ) ! a%es ( wood1 /uffs & spices4 ,y\r objection is =cible1 & ,i hold ) y1 t resurrection is a v extraord9>y ?+2 b ! son ( ,m]cury did n ! less die & rise aga9 sev]al times4 ,! gods re/or$ ,pelops to life1 al?\gh he _h be5 s]v$ up z a rag\t1 & ,c]es _h eat5 "o ( 8 %\ld]s4 ,y "k t sculapius br\ght ,hippolytus to life aga92 ?is 0 a v]ifi$ fact1 ( :i* ev5 ! mo/ incr$ul\s _h no d\bt2 ! "n ( ,virbius1 giv5 to ,hippolytus1 0 a conv9c+ pro(4 ,h]cules _h resuscitat$ ,alce/e & ,piri?\s4 ,h]es did1 x is true--accord+ to ,plato--come to life aga9 = fifte5 days only2 /ill x 0 a resurrection2 ! "t does n alt] ! fact4 ,_m grave s*oolm5 cle>ly see purgatory & resurrection 9 ,virgil4 ,z = purgatory1 ,i am oblig$ to ackn[l$ge t x is expressly 9 ! six? book4 ,?is may displease ! ,prote/ants1 b ,i h no alt]native3 ,non tam5 omne malum mis]is1 nec funditus omnes ,corporea exc$unt pe/es1444 ,n dea? itself c :olly wa% _! /a9s2 ,b long contract$ fil? ev5 9 ! s\l rema9s4 ,! relics ( invet]ate vice !y we>1 ,& spots ( s9 obsc5e 9 e face appe>1444 ,b we h already quot$ ?is passage 9 ! article on ,purgatory1 :i* doctr9e is "h express$ cle>ly en\gh2 nor c\ld ! k9sfolks ( t day obta9 f ! pagan prie/s an indulg5ce to abridge _! suff]+s = ready money4 ,! anci5ts 7 mu* m sev]e & less simoniacal ?an we are not)/&+ t !y imput$ s _m fooli% actions to _! gods4 ,:at w\ld y h8 ,_! !ology 0 made up ( contradictions1 z ! malignant say is ! case ) our own4 ,:5 _! purgation 0 f9i%$1 ^! s\ls w5t & drank ( ! wat]s ( ,le!1 & in/antly ask$ t !y might ent] fre% bodies & aga9 see daylight4 ,b is ?is a resurrection8 ,n at all2 x is tak+ an entirely new body1 n resum+ ! old "o2 x is a metempsy*osis1 )\t any relation to ! mann] 9 :i* we ( ! true fai? are to rise aga94 ,! s\ls ( ! anci5ts did1 ,i mu/ ackn[l$ge1 make a v bad b>ga9 9 com+ back to ?is _w1 = sev5ty ye>s at mo/1 to und]go once m all t we "k is und]gone 9 a life ( sev5ty ye>s1 & !n suff] ano!r ?\s& ye>s' discipl9e4 ,9 my humble op9ion !re is no s\l t w\ld n be tir$ ( ?is ev]la/+ vicissitude ( s %ort a life & s long a p5ance4 ,,section ,,iv4 ,resurrection ( ! ,mod]ns4 ,our resurrection is q diff]5t4 ,e man w appe> ) precisely ! same body :i* he _h be=e2 & all ^! bodies w be burn$ = all et]nity1 except+ only1 at mo/1 "o 9 a hundr$ ?\s&4 ,?is is mu* worse ?an a purgatory ( t5 c5turies1 9 ord] to live "h aga9 a few ye>s4 ,:5 w ! great day ( ?is g5]al resurrection arrive8 ,?is is n positively kn[n2 & ! le>n$ are mu* divid$4 ,nor d !y any m "k h[ ea* "o is to f9d 8 own memb]s aga94 ,h]eupon !y />t _m difficulties4 #a4 ,our body1 say !y1 is1 dur+ life1 und]go+ a cont9ual *ange2 at fifty ye>s ( age we h no?+ ( ! body 9 :i* our s\l 0 lodg$ at tw5ty4 #b4 ,a soldi] f ,brittany goes into ,canada2 !re1 by a v common *ance1 he f9ds himself %ort ( food1 & is =c$ to eat an ,iroquois :om he kill$ ! day be=e4 ,?is ,iroquois _h f$ on ,jesuits = two or ?ree mon?s2 a great "p ( 8 body _h become ,jesuit4 ,"h1 !n1 ! body ( a soldi] is compos$ ( ,iroquois1 ( ,jesuits1 & ( all t he _h eat5 be=e4 ,h[ is ea* to take aga9 precisely :at belongs to him8 & :i* "p belongs to ea*8 #c4 ,a *ild dies 9 its "m's womb1 j at ! mom5t t x has receiv$ a s\l4 ,w x rise aga9 ftus1 or boy1 or man8 #d4 ,to rise aga9--to be ! same p]son z y 7--y mu/ h y\r memory p]fectly fre% & pres5t2 x is memory t makes y\r id5tity4 ,if y\r memory be lo/1 h[ w y be ! same man8 #e4 ,!re are only a c]ta9 numb] ( e>?ly p>ticles t c con/itute an animal4 ,s&1 /one1 m9]als1 metals1 contribute no?+4 ,all e>? is n adapt$ !reto2 x is only ! soils favorable to vegetation t are favorable to ! animal species4 ,:51 aft] ! lapse ( _m ages1 e "o is to rise aga91 :]e %all be f\nd ! e>? adapt$ to ! =mation ( all ^! bodies8 #f4 ,suppose an isl&1 ! vegetative "p ( :i* w suffice = a ?\s& m51 & = five or six ?\s& animals to fe$ & labor = t ?\s& m52 at ! end ( a hundr$ ?\s& g5]ations we %all h to raise aga9 a ?\s& millions ( m54 ,x is cle> t matt] w be want+3 ,mat]ies opus e/1 ut crescunt po/ era saecla4 #g4 ,& la/ly1 :5 x is prov$1 or ?\ght to be prov$1 t a miracle z great z ! univ]sal deluge1 or ! t5 plagues ( ,egypt1 w be necess>y to "w ! resurrection ( all mank9d 9 ! valley ( ,jeho%aphat1 x is ask$3 ,:at becomes ( ! s\ls ( all ^! bodies :ile await+ ! mom5t ( return+ into _! cases8 ,fifty r knotty que/ions might easily be put2 b ! div9es w\ld likewise easily f9d answ]s to !m all4 ,,rights4 ,,section ,i4 ,national ,rights--,natural ,rights--,public ,rights4 ,i "k no bett] way ( comm5c+ ?is subject ?an ) ! v]ses ( ,ario/o1 9 ! second /anza ( ! #dd? canto ( ! ,orl&o ,furioso1 :i* obs]ves t k+s1 emp]ors1 & popes1 sign f9e treaties "o day :i* !y break ! next1 & t1 :atev] piety !y may affect1 ! only god to :om !y really appeal1 is _! int]e/3 ,fan lega oggi re1 papi et imp]atori ,doman s>an nimici capitali3 ,p]*e1 qual ,papp>5ze e/]iori1 ,non hanno i cor1 non han gli animi tali1 ,*e non mir&o al torto piu *e al dritto4 ,att5don solam5te al lor pr(itto4 ,if !re 7 only two m5 on e>?1 h[ w\ld !y live toge!r8 ,!y w\ld assi/ ea* o!r2 !y w\ld annoy ea* o!r2 !y w\ld c\rt ea* o!r2 !y w\ld speak ill ( ea* o!r2 fight ) ea* o!r2 be reconcil$ to ea* o!r2 & be nei!r able to live ) nor )\t ea* o!r4 ,9 %ort1 !y w\ld d z p at pres5t d1 :o possess ! gift ( reason c]ta9ly1 b ! gift ( in/9ct also2 & w feel1 reason1 & act =ev] z nature has de/9$4 ,no god has desc5d$ ^u our globe1 assembl$ ! human race1 & said to !m1 ,i orda9 t ! negroes & ,kaffirs g />k nak$ & fe$ ^u insects4 ,i ord] ! ,samoy$s to clo!1 !mselves ) ! sk9s ( re9de]1 & to fe$ ^u _! fle%1 insipid z x is1 & eat dry & half putresc5t fi% )\t salt4 ,x is my w t ! ,t>t>s ( ,?ibet all believe :at _! dalai-lama %all say2 & t ! ,japanese pay ! same att5tion to _! dairo4 ,! ,arabs are n to eat sw9e1 & ! ,we/phalians no?+ else b sw9e4 ,i h drawn a l9e f ,m\nt ,caucasus to ,egypt1 & f ,egypt to ,m\nt ,atlas4 ,all :o inhabit ! ea/ ( t l9e may esp\se z _m wom5 z !y please2 ^? to ! we/ ( x mu/ be satisfi$ ) "o4 ,if1 t[>ds ! ,adriatic ,gulf1 or ! m>%es ( ! ,rh9e & ! ,meuse1 or 9 ! neighborhood ( ,m\nt ,jura1 or ! ,isle ( ,albion1 any "o %all wi% to make ano!r despotic1 or aspire to be s himself1 let 8 head be cut (f1 on a full conviction t de/9y & myself are oppos$ to 8 int5tions4 ,%\ld any "o be s insol5t z to attempt to e/abli% an assembly ( free m5 on ! banks ( ! ,manzan>es1 or on ! %ores ( ! ,propontis1 let him be empal$ alive or drawn asund] by f\r horses4 ,:oev] %all make up 8 acc\nts accord+ to a c]ta9 rule ( ari?metic at ,con/ant9ople1 at ,gr& ,cairo1 at ,tafilet1 at ,delhi1 or at ,adrianople1 let him be empal$ alive on ! spot1 )\t =m ( law2 & :oev] %all d>e to acc\nt by any o!r rule at ,lisbon1 ,madrid1 9 ,*ampagne1 9 ,pic>dy1 & t[>ds ! ,danube1 f ,ulm unto ,belgrade1 let him be dev\tly burn$ amid/ *ant+s ( ! ',mis]]e4' ,t :i* is j along ! %ores ( ! ,loire is o!rwise on ! banks ( ! ,?ames2 = my laws are univ]sal1 etc4 ,x mu/ be confess$ t we h no v cle> pro(1 ev5 9 ! ,j\rnal ,*rti51 nor 9 ,! ,key to ! ,cab9et ( ,pr9ces1 t a god has desc5d$ 9 ord] to promulgate su* a public law4 ,x exi/s1 not)/&+1 & is lit]ally practis$ accord+ to ! prec$+ ann\ncem5t2 & !re h be5 compil$1 compil$1 & compil$1 ^u ^! national rights1 v admirable comm5t>ies1 :i* h nev] produc$ a s\ to ! great numb]s :o h be5 ru9$ by w>1 by edicts1 & by tax-ga!r]s4 ,^! compilations closely resemble ! case ( consci5ce ( ,pontas4 ,x is =bidd5 to kill2 !re=e all murd]]s are puni%$ :o kill n 9 l>ge companies1 & to ! s\nd ( trumpets2 x is ! rule4 ,at ! "t :5 ,an?ropophagi /ill exi/$ 9 ! =e/ ( ,ard5nes1 an old villag] met ) a man-eat]1 :o _h c>ri$ away an infant to dev\r x4 ,mov$ ) pity1 ! villag] kill$ ! dev\r] ( *ildr5 & releas$ ! little boy1 :o quickly fl$ away4 ,two pass5g]s1 :o witness$ ! transaction at a di/ance1 accus$ ! good man ) hav+ committ$ a murd] on ! k+'s highway4 ,! p]son ( ! (f5d] be+ produc$ be=e ! judge1 ! two witnesses--aft] !y _h paid ! latt] a hundr$ cr[ns = ! ex]cise ( 8 functions--depos$ to ! p>ticul>s1 & ! law be+ precise1 ! villag] 0 hang$ ^u ! spot = do+ t :i* _h s mu* exalt$ ,h]cules1 ,!seus1 ,orl&o1 & ,amadis ! ,gaul4 ,ought ! judge to be hang$ himself1 :o execut$ ?is law to ! lett]8 ,h[ ought ! po9t to be decid$ ^u a g5]al pr9ciple8 ,to resolve a ?\s& que/ions ( ?is k9d1 a ?\s& volumes h be5 writt54 ,puff5dorff fir/ e/abli%$ moral exi/5ces3 ,!re are1 said he1 c]ta9 modes :i* intellig5t be+s atta* to ?+s natural1 or to physical op]ations1 ) ! view ( direct+ or re/ra9+ ! volunt>y actions ( mank9d1 9 ord] to infuse ord]1 conv5i5ce1 & felicity into human exi/5ce4 ,?us1 to give correct ideas to ! ,sw$es & ! ,g]mans ( ! j & ! unju/1 he rem>ks t !re are two k9ds ( place1 9 reg>d to "o ( :i*1 x is said1 t ?+s are = example1 "h or !re2 & 9 respect to ! o!r1 t !y h exi/$1 d1 or w exi/ at a c]ta9 "t1 z = example1 ye/]day1 to-day1 or to-morr[4 ,9 ! same mann] we conceive two sorts ( moral exi/5ce1 ! "o ( :i* d5otes a moral /ate1 t has "s con=mity ) place1 simply consid]$2 ! o!r a c]ta9 "t1 :5 a moral effect w be produc$1 etc4 ,?is is n all2 ,puff5dorff curi\sly di/+ui%es ! simple moral f ! modes ( op9ion1 & ! =mal f ! op]ative qualities4 ,! =mal qualities are simple attributes1 b ! op]ative are to be c>efully divid$ into orig9al & d]ivat$4 ,9 ! meantime1 ,b>beyrac has comm5t$ on ^! f9e ?+s1 & !y are taught 9 ! univ]sities1 & op9ion is divid$ betwe5 ,grotius & ,puff5dorff 9 reg>d to que/ions ( simil> importance4 ,take my recomm5dation2 read ,tully's ,(fices4 ,,section ,,ii4 ,no?+ possibly c t5d m to r5d] a m9d false1 obscure1 & unc]ta9 ?an ! p]usal ( ,grotius1 ,puff5dorff1 & almo/ all ! writ]s on ! jus g5tium4 ,we mu/ n d evil t good may come ( x1 says ! writ] to :om nobody he>k5s4 ,x is p]mitt$ to make w> on a p[]1 le/ x %\ld become too /rong1 says ! ,_s ( ,laws4 ,:5 rights are to be e/abli%$ by prescription1 ! publici/s call to _! aid div9e "r & human "r2 & ! !ologians take _! "p 9 ! dispute4 ,abraham & 8 se$1 say !y1 _h a "r to ! l& ( ,canaan1 because he _h travell$ !re2 & ,god _h giv5 x to him 9 a vision4 ,b accord+ to ! vulgate sage tea*]s1 five hundr$ & =ty-sev5 ye>s elaps$ betwe5 ! "t :5 ,abraham pur*as$ a sepul*re 9 ! c\ntry & ,jo%ua took possession ( a small "p ( x4 ,no matt]1 8 "r 0 cle> & correct4 ,& !n prescription8 ,away ) prescription6 ,ought t :i* once took place 9 ,pale/9e to s]ve z a rule = ,g]many & ,italy8 ,yes1 = ,he said s4 ,be x s1 g5tlem52 ,god pres]ve me f disput+ ) y6 ,! desc5dants ( ,attila1 x is said1 e/abli%$ !mselves 9 ,hung>y4 ,till :at "t mu/ ! anci5t inhabitants hold !mselves b\nd 9 consci5ce to rema9 s]fs to ! desc5dants ( ,attila8 ,our doctors1 :o h writt5 on peace & w>1 are v pr(\nd2 if we att5d to !m1 ev]y?+ belongs ( "r to ! sov]eign = :om !y write2 he1 9 fact1 has nev] be5 able to ali5ate 8 doma9s4 ,! emp]or ( "r ought to possess ,rome1 ,italy1 & ,france2 su* 0 ! op9ion ( ,b>?olus2 fir/1 because ! emp]or 0 entitl$ k+ ( ! ,romans2 &1 secondly1 because ! ar*bi%op ( ,cologne is *ancellor ( ,italy1 & ! ar*bi%op ( ,tri] *ancellor ( ,gaul4 ,moreov]1 ! emp]or ( ,g]many c>ries a gild$ ball at 8 coronation1 :i* ( c\rse proves t he is ! rightful ma/] ( ! :ole globe4 ,at ,rome !re is n a s+le prie/ :o has n le>n$1 9 8 c\rse ( !ology1 t ! pope ought to be ma/] ( ?is e>?1 see+ x is writt5 t x 0 said to ,simon1 ! son ( ,jonas3 ,?\ art ,pet]1 & ^u ?is rock ,i w build my *ur*4 ,x 0 well said to ,gregory ,,vii4 t ?is treat$ only ( s\ls1 & ( ! cele/ial k+dom4 ,damnable obs]vation6 he repli$2 & w\ld h hang$ ! obs]v] _h he be5 able4 ,spirits1 /ill m pr(\nd1 e/abli% ?is reason+ by an argum5t to :i* !re is no reply4 ,he to :om ! bi%op ( ,rome calls himself vic> has decl>$ t 8 dom9ion is n ( ?is _w2 c ?is _w !n belong to ! vic>1 :5 8 ma/] has r5\nc$ x8 ,:i* ought to prevail1 human nature or ! decretals8 ,! decretals1 indisputably4 ,if x be ask$ :e!r ! massacre ( t5 or twelve millions ( un>m$ m5 9 ,am]ica 0 def5sible1 x is repli$ t no?+ c be m j & holy1 s9ce !y 7 n ,ca?olic1 apo/olic & ,roman4 ,!re is n an age 9 :i* ! decl>ations ( w> ( ,*ri/ian pr9ces h n au?oriz$ ! attack & pillage ( all ! subjects ( ! pr9ce1 to :om w> has be5 ann\nc$ by a h]ald1 9 a coat ( mail & hang+ sleeves4 ,?us1 :5 ?is signification has be5 made1 %\ld a native ( ,auv]gne meet a ,g]man1 he is b\nd to kill1 & entitl$ to rob him ei!r be=e or aft] ! murd]4 ,! foll[+ has be5 a v ?orny "q = ! s*ools3 ,! ban1 & ! arrire-ban1 hav+ be5 ord]$ out 9 ord] to kill & be kill$ on ! fronti]s1 ought ! ,suabians1 be+ satisfi$ t ! w> is atroci\sly unju/1 to m>*8 ,"s doctors say yes2 o!rs1 m j1 pron\nce no4 ,:at say ! politicians8 ,:5 we h fully discuss$ ^! great prelim9>y que/ions1 ) :i* no sov]eign emb>rasses himself1 or is emb>rass$1 we mu/ proce$ to discuss ! "r ( fifty or sixty families ^u ! c\nty ( ,alo/2 ! t[n ( ,or*ies2 ! du*y ( ,b]g & ( ,juli]s2 ^u ! c\ntries ( ,t\rnay & ,nice2 &1 above all1 on ! fronti]s ( all ! prov9ces1 :]e ! weake/ always loses 8 cause4 ,x 0 disput$ = a hundr$ ye>s :e!r ! dukes ( ,orleans1 ,l\is ,,xii41 & ,francis ,i41 _h a claim on ! du*y ( ,milan1 by virtue ( a contract ( m>riage ) ,val5t9a de ,milan1 gr&daught] ( ! ba/>d ( a brave peasant1 nam$ ,jacob ,muzio4 ,judgm5t 0 giv5 9 ?is process at ! battle ( ,pavia4 ,! dukes ( ,savoy1 ( ,lorra9e1 & ( ,tuscany /ill pret5d to ! ,milanese2 b x is believ$ t a family ( poor g5tlem5 exi/ 9 ,friuli1 ! po/]ity 9 a "r l9e f ,albion1 k+ ( ! ,lomb>ds1 :o possess an ant]ior claim4 ,! publici/s h writt5 great books ^u ! rights ( ! k+dom ( ,j]usalem4 ,! ,turks h writt5 none1 & ,j]usalem belongs to !m2 at lea/ at ?is pres5t writ+2 nor is ,j]usalem a k+dom4 ,,canonical ,,rights--,,or ,,law4 ,g5]al ,idea ( ! ,rights ( ! ,*ur* or ,canon ,law1 by ,m4 ,b]tr&1 ,h]et(ore ,fir/ ,pa/or ( ! ,*ur* ( ,b]ne4 ,we assume nei!r to adopt nor contradict ! pr9ciples ( ,m4 ,b]tr&2 x is = ! public to judge ( !m4 ,canon law1 or ! canon1 accord+ to ! vulg> op9ion1 is ecclesia/ical jurisprud5ce4 ,x is ! collection ( canons1 rules ( ! c\ncil1 decrees ( ! popes1 & maxims ( ! fa!rs4 ,accord+ to reason1 & to ! rights ( k+s & ( ! p1 ecclesia/ical jurisprud5ce is only an exposition ( ! privileges accord$ to ecclesia/ics by sov]eigns repres5t+ ! nation4 ,if two supreme au?orities1 two adm9i/rations1 hav+ sep>ate rights1 exi/1 & ! "o w make w> )\t ceas+ ^u ! o!r1 ! unavoidable result w be p]petual convulsions1 civil w>s1 an>*y1 tyranny1 & all ! mis=tunes ( :i* hi/ory pres5ts s mis]able a picture4 ,if a prie/ is made sov]eign2 if ! dairo ( ,japan rema9$ emp]or until ! sixte5? c5tury2 if ! dalai-lama is /ill sov]eign at ,?ibet2 if ,numa 0 at once k+ & pontiff2 if ! caliphs 7 heads ( ! /ate z well z ( religion2 & if ! popes reign at ,rome--^! are only s _m pro(s ( ! tru? ( :at we advance2 ! au?ority is n divid$2 !re is b "o p[]4 ,! sov]eigns ( ,russia & ( ,engl& preside ov] religion2 ! ess5tial unity ( p[] is !re pres]v$4 ,e religion is )9 ! ,/ate2 e prie/ =ms a "p ( civil society1 & all ecclesia/ics are among ! numb] ( ! subjects ( ! sov]eign "u :om !y ex]cise _! m9i/ry4 ,if a religion exi/s :i* e/abli%es ecclesia/ical indep5d5ce1 & supports !m 9 a sov]eign & legitimate au?ority1 t religion _c spr+ f ,god1 ! au?or ( society4 ,x is ev5 to be prov$1 f all evid5ce1 t 9 a religion ( :i* ,god is repres5t$ z ! au?or1 ! functions ( m9i/]s1 _! p]sons1 prop]ty1 pret5sions1 & mann] ( inculcat+ morality1 tea*+ doctr9es1 celebrat+ c]emonies1 ! adju/m5t ( spiritual p5alties2 9 a ^w1 all t relates to civil ord]1 ought to be submitt$ to ! au?ority ( ! pr9ce & ! inspection ( ! magi/racy4 ,if ?is jurisprud5ce con/itutes a sci5ce1 "h w be f\nd ! elem5ts4 ,x is = ! magi/racy1 solely1 to au?orize ! books admissible into ! s*ools1 accord+ to ! nature & =m ( ! gov]nm5t4 ,x is ?us t ,m4 ,paul ,joseph ,rieg]1 c\nsellor ( ! c\rt1 judici\sly tea*es canon law 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,vi5na2 &1 9 ! l mann]1 ! republic ( ,v5ice exam9$ & re=m$ all ! rules 9 ! /ates :i* h ceas$ to belong to x4 ,x is desirable t examples s wise %\ld g5]ally prevail4 ,,section ,i4 ,( ! ,ecclesia/ical ,m9i/ry4 ,religion is in/itut$ only to pres]ve ord] among mank9d1 & to r5d] !m wor?y ( ! b\nty ( ! ,deity by virtue4 ,ev]y?+ 9 a religion :i* does n t5d to ?is object ought to be reg>d$ z =eign or dang]\s4 ,in/ruction1 exhortation1 ! fe> ( puni%m5t to come1 ! promises ( a bless$ h]eaft]1 pray]1 advice1 & spiritual consolation are ! only means :i* *ur*m5 c prop]ly employ to r5d] m5 virtu\s on e>? & happy to all et]nity4 ,e o!r means is repugnant to ! fre$om ( reason2 to ! nature ( ! s\l2 to ! unalt]able rights ( consci5ce2 to ! ess5ce ( religion2 to t ( ! cl]ical m9i/ry2 & to ! j rights ( ! sov]eign4 ,virtue inf]s lib]ty1 z ! transport ( a burd5 implies active =ce4 ,) con/ra9t !re is no virtue1 & )\t virtue no religion4 ,make me a slave & ,i %all be ! worse = x4 ,ev5 ! sov]eign has no "r to employ =ce to lead m5 to religion1 :i* ess5tially presumes *oice & lib]ty4 ,my op9ions are no m dep5d5t on au?ority ?an my sickness or my heal?4 ,9 a ^w1 to unravel all ! contradictions 9 :i* books on ! canon law ab\nd1 & to adju/ our ideas 9 respect to ! ecclesia/ical m9i/ry1 let u endeavor1 9 ! mid/ ( a ?\s& ambiguities1 to det]m9e :at is ! ,*ur*4 ,! ,*ur*1 !n1 is all believ]s1 collectively1 :o are call$ toge!r on c]ta9 days to pray 9 common1 & at all times to p]=m good actions4 ,prie/s are p]sons appo9t$1 "u ! au?ority ( ! ,/ate1 to direct ^! pray]s1 & sup]9t5d public wor%ip g5]ally4 ,a num]\s ,*ur* _c exi/ )\t ecclesia/ics2 b ^! ecclesia/ics are n ! ,*ur*4 ,x is n less evid5t t if ! ecclesia/ics1 :o compose a "p ( civil society1 h acquir$ rights :i* t5d to tr\ble or de/roy su* society1 su* rights ought to be suppress$4 ,x is /ill m obvi\s t if ,god has atta*$ pr]ogatives or rights to ! ,*ur*1 ^! pr]ogatives & ^! rights belong exclusively nei!r to ! head ( ! ,*ur* nor to ! ecclesia/ics2 because ^! are n ! ,*ur* itself1 any m ?an ! magi/rates are ! sov]eign1 ei!r 9 a republic or a mon>*y4 ,la/ly2 x is v evid5t t x is our s\ls only :i* are submitt$ to ! c>e ( ! cl]gy1 & t = spiritual objects alone4 ,! s\l acts inw>dly2 its inw>d acts are ?\ght1 w1 incl9ation1 & an acquiesc5ce 9 c]ta9 tru?s1 all :i* are above re/ra9t2 & x is = ! ecclesia/ical m9i/ry to in/ruct1 b n to comm& !m4 ,! s\l acts also outw>dly4 ,its ext]ior acts are submission to ! civil law2 & "h con/ra9t may take place1 & temporal or corporeal p5alties may puni% ! violations ( ! law4 ,ob$i5ce to ! ecclesia/ical ord] ought1 consequ5tly1 to be always free & volunt>y2 x ought to exact no o!r4 ,on ! contr>y1 submission to ! civil law may be en=c$4 ,= ! same reason ecclesia/ical p5alties1 always be+ spiritual1 atta* 9 ?is _w to ^? only :o are inw>dly conv9c$ ( _! error4 ,civil p5alties1 on ! contr>y1 accompani$ by physical evil produce physical effects1 :e!r ! (f5d] ackn[l$ge ! ju/ice ( !m or n4 ,h5ce x manife/ly results t ! au?ority ( ! cl]gy c only be spiritual--t x is unacqua9t$ ) temporal p[]1 & t any co-op]ative =ce belongs n to ! adm9i/ration ( ! ,*ur*1 :i* is ess5tially de/roy$ by x4 ,x moreov] foll[s t a pr9ce1 int5t n to suff] any division ( 8 au?ority1 ought n to p]mit any ent]prise :i* places ! memb]s ( ! community 9 an outw>d or civil dep5d5ce on ! ecclesia/ical corporation4 ,su* are ! inconte/able pr9ciples ( g5u9e canonical "r or law1 ! rules & ! decisions ( :i* ought at all times to be submitt$ to ! te/ ( et]nal & immutable tru?s1 f\nd$ ^u natural rights & ! necess>y ord] ( society4 ,,section ,,ii4 ,( ! ,possessions ( ,ecclesia/ics4 ,let u con/antly asc5d to ! pr9ciples ( society1 :i*1 9 civil z 9 religi\s ord]1 are ! f\ndations ( all "r4 ,society 9 g5]al is ! proprietor ( ! t]ritory ( a c\ntry1 & ! s\rce ( national ri*es4 ,a portion ( ?is national rev5ue is devot$ to ! sov]eign to support ! exp5ses ( gov]nm5t4 ,e individual is possessor ( t "p ( ! t]ritory1 & ( ! rev5ue1 :i* ! laws insure him2 & no possession or enjoym5t c at any "t be su/a9$1 except "u ! protection ( law4 ,9 society we hold n any good1 or any possession z a simple natural "r1 z we give up our natural rights & submit to ! ord] ( civil society1 9 return = assurance & protection4 ,x is1 !re=e1 by ! law t we hold our possessions4 ,no "o c hold any?+ on e>? ?r\gh religion1 nei!r l&s nor *attels2 s9ce all its weal? is spiritual4 ,! possessions ( ! fai?ful1 z v]itable memb]s ( ! ,*ur*1 are 9 heav52 x is !re :]e _! treasures are laid up4 ,! k+dom ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 :i* ,he always ann\nc$ z at h&1 0 n1 nor c\ld x be1 ( ?is _w4 ,no prop]ty1 !re=e1 c be held by div9e "r4 ,! ,levites "u ! ,hebrew law _h1 x is true1 _! ti! by a positive law ( ,god2 b t 0 "u a !ocracy :i* exi/s no long]--,god ,himself act+ z ! sov]eign4 ,all ^? laws h ceas$1 & _c at pres5t communicate any title to possession4 ,if any body at pres5t1 l t ( ! prie/hood1 pret5d to possess ti!s or any o!r weal? by positive "r div9e1 x mu/ produce an express & inconte/able pro( enregi/]$ by div9e revelation4 ,?is miracul\s title w\ld be1 ,i confess1 an exception to ! civil law1 au?oriz$ by ,god1 :o says3 ,all p]sons ought to submit to ! p[]s t be1 because !y are orda9$ ( ,god & e/abli%$ 9 ,8 "n4 ,9 defect ( su* a title1 no ecclesia/ical body :atev] c enjoy aught on e>? b by cons5t ( ! sov]eignty & ! au?ority ( ! civil laws4 ,^! =m _! sole title to possession4 ,if ! cl]gy imprud5tly r5\nce ?is title1 !y w possess none at all1 & might be despoil$ by any "o :o is /rong en\gh to attempt x4 ,its ess5tial int]e/ is1 !re=e1 to support civil society1 to :i* x owes ev]y?+4 ,= ! same reason1 z all ! weal? ( a nation is liable )\t exception to public exp5diture = ! def5ce ( ! sov]eign & ! nation1 no prop]ty c be exempt f x b by =ce ( law1 :i* law is always revocable z circum/ances v>y4 ,pet] _c be exempt )\t augm5t+ ! tax ( ,john4 ,equity1 !re=e1 is et]nally claim+ = equality aga9/ sur*>ges2 & ! ,/ate has a "r1 at all times1 to exam9e into exemptions1 9 ord] to replace ?+s 9 a j1 natural1 proportionate ord]1 by aboli%+ previ\sly grant$ immunities1 :e!r p]mitt$ or extort$4 ,e law :i* orda9s t ! sov]eign1 at ! exp5se ( ! public1 %all take c>e ( ! weal? or possessions ( any individual or a body1 )\t ?is body or individual contribut+ to ! common exp5ses1 am\nts to a subv]sion ( law4 ,i moreov] ass]t t ! quota1 :e!r ! contribution ( a body or an individual1 ought to be proportionately regulat$1 n by him or !m1 b by ! sov]eign or magi/racy1 accord+ to ! g5]al =m & law4 ,?us ! sov]eign or /ate may dem& an acc\nt ( ! weal? & ( ! possessions ( ev]ybody z ( e individual4 ,x is1 !re=e1 once m on ^! immutable pr9ciples t ! rules ( ! canon law %\ld be f\nd$ :i* relate to ! possessions & rev5ue ( ! cl]gy4 ,ecclesia/ics1 )\t d\bt1 ought to be all[$ suffici5t to live honorably1 b n z memb]s ( or z repres5t+ ! ,*ur*1 = ! ,*ur* itself claims nei!r sov]eignty nor possession 9 ?is _w4 ,b if x be necess>y = m9i/]s to preside at t ! alt>1 x is prop] t society %\ld support !m 9 ! same mann] z ! magi/racy & soldi]s4 ,x is1 !re=e1 = ! civil law to make a suitable provision = ! prie/hood4 ,ev5 :5 ! possessions ( ! ecclesia/ics h be5 be/[$ on !m by wills1 or 9 any o!r mann]1 ! donors h n be5 able to d5ationalize ! prop]ty by ab/ract+ x f public *>ges & ! au?ority ( ! laws4 ,x is always "u ! gu>antee ( ! laws1 )\t :i* !y w\ld n possess ! insur$ & legitimate possessions :i* !y enjoy4 ,x is1 !re=e1 /ill left to ! sov]eign1 or ! magi/racy 9 8 "n1 to exam9e at all times if ! ecclesia/ical rev5ues be suffici5t2 & if !y are n1 to augm5t ! allott$ provision2 if1 on ! contr>y1 !y are excessive1 x is = !m to dispose ( ! sup]fluity = ! g5]al good ( society4 ,b accord+ to ! "r1 commonly call$ canonical1 :i* has s\ght to =m a ,/ate )9 ! ,/ate1 imp]ium 9 imp]io1 ecclesia/ical prop]ty is sacr$ & intangible1 because x belongs to religion & ! ,*ur*2 !y h come ( ,god1 & n ( man4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x is impossible to appropriate ?is t]re/rial weal? to religion1 :i* has no?+ temporal4 ,!y _c belong to ! ,*ur*1 :i* is ! univ]sal body ( ! believ]s1 includ+ ! k+1 ! magi/racy1 ! soldi]y1 & all subjects2 = we are nev] to =get t prie/s no m =m ! ,*ur* ?an magi/rates ! ,/ate4 ,la/ly1 ^! goods come only f ,god 9 ! same s5se z all goods come f ,him1 because all is submitt$ to ,8 provid5ce4 ,!re=e1 e ecclesia/ical possessor ( ri*es1 or rev5ue1 enjoys x only z a subject & citiz5 ( ! ,/ate1 "u ! s+le protection ( ! civil law4 ,prop]ty1 :i* is temporal & mat]ial1 _c be r5d]$ sacr$ or holy 9 any s5se1 nei!r lit]ally nor figuratively4 ,if x be said t a p]son or edifice is sacr$1 x only signifies t x has be5 consecrat$ or set ap>t = spiritual purposes4 ,! abuse ( a metaphor1 to au?orize rights & pret5sions de/ructive to all society1 is an ent]prise ( :i* hi/ory & religion furni% m ?an "o example1 & ev5 "s v s+ul> ones1 :i* are n at pres5t to my purpose4 ,,section ,,iii4 ,( ,ecclesia/ical or ,religi\s ,assemblies4 ,x is c]ta9 t nobody c call any public or regul> assembly 9 a /ate b "u ! sanction ( civil au?ority4 ,religi\s assemblies = public wor%ip mu/ be au?oriz$ by ! sov]eign1 or civil magi/racy1 be=e !y c be legal4 ,9 ,holl&1 :]e ! civil p[] grants ! greate/ lib]ty1 & v ne>ly ! same 9 ,russia1 9 ,engl&1 & 9 ,prussia1 ^? :o wi% to =m a *ur* h to obta9 p]mission1 aft] :i* ! new *ur* is 9 ! /ates1 al?\gh n ( ! religion ( ! /ates4 ,9 g5]al1 z soon z !re is a suffici5t numb] ( p]sons1 or ( families1 :o wi% to cultivate a p>ticul> mode ( wor%ip1 & to assemble = t purpose1 !y c )\t hesitation apply to ! magi/rate1 :o makes himself a judge ( x2 & once all[$1 x _c be di/urb$ )\t a brea* ( public ord]4 ,! facility ) :i* ! gov]nm5t ( ,holl& has grant$ ?is p]mission has nev] produc$ any disord]2 & x w\ld be ! same ev]y:]e if ! magi/rate alone exam9$1 judg$1 & protect$ ! p>ties conc]n$4 ,! sov]eign1 or civil p[]1 possesses ! "r at all times ( kn[+ :at passes )9 ^! assemblies1 ( regulat+1 !m 9 con=mity ) public ord]1 & ( prev5t+ su* z produce disord]4 ,?is p]petual inspection is an ess5tial portion ( sov]eignty1 :i* e religion ought to ackn[l$ge4 ,ev]y?+ 9 ! wor%ip1 9 respect to =m ( pray]1 canticles1 & c]emonies1 ought to be op5 to ! inspection ( ! magi/rate4 ,! cl]gy may compose ^! pray]s2 b x is = ! ,/ate to approve or re=m !m 9 case ( necessity4 ,bloody w>s h be5 und]tak5 = m]e =ms1 :i* w\ld nev] h be5 wag$ _h sov]eigns und]/ood _! rights4 ,holidays ought to be no m e/abli%$ )\t ! cons5t & approbation ( ! ,/ate1 :o may at all times abridge & regulate !m4 ,! multiplication ( su* days always produces a laxity ( mann]s & national impov]i%m5t4 ,a sup]9t5d5ce ov] oral in/ruction & books ( devotion1 belongs ( "r to ! ,/ate4 ,x is n ! executive :i* tea*es1 b :i* att5ds to ! mann] 9 :i* ! p are taught4 ,morality above all %\ld be att5d$ to1 :i* is always necess>y2 :]eas disputes conc]n+ doctr9es are (t5 dang]\s4 ,if disputes exi/ betwe5 ecclesia/ics 9 ref]5ce to ! mann] ( tea*+1 or on po9ts ( doctr9e1 ! ,/ate may impose sil5ce on bo? p>ties1 & puni% ! disob$i5t4 ,z religi\s congregations are n p]mitt$ by ! ,/ate 9 ord] to treat ( political matt]s1 magi/rates ought to repress s$iti\s prea*]s1 :o heat ! multitude by puni%able declamation3 ^! are pe/s 9 e ,/ate4 ,e mode ( wor%ip presumes a discipl9e to ma9ta9 ord]1 uni=mity1 & dec5cy4 ,x is = ! magi/rate to protect ?is discipl9e1 & to br+ ab\t su* *anges z times & circum/ances may r5d] necess>y4 ,= ne>ly eight c5turies ! emp]ors ( ! ,ea/ assembl$ c\ncils 9 ord] to appease religi\s disputes1 :i* 7 only augm5t$ by ! too great att5tion paid to !m4 ,contempt w\ld h m c]ta9ly t]m9at$ ! va9 disputation1 :i* int]e/ & ! passions _h excit$4 ,s9ce ! division ( ! empire ( ! ,we/ into v>i\s k+doms1 pr9ces h left to ! pope ! convocation ( ^! assemblies4 ,! rights ( ! ,roman pontiff are 9 ?is respect purely conv5tional1 & ! sov]eigns may agree 9 ! c\rse ( "t1 t !y %all no long] exi/2 nor is any "o ( !m oblig$ to submit to any canon )\t hav+ exam9$ & approv$ x4 ,h[ev]1 z ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t w mo/ likely be ! la/1 x is useless to agitate all ! que/ions :i* might relate to a future g5]al c\ncil4 ,z to assemblies1 synods1 or national c\ncils1 !y indisputably _c be convok$ except :5 ! sov]eign or ,/ate deems !m necess>y4 ,! commission]s ( ! latt] ought !re=e to preside1 direct all _! delib]ations1 & give _! sanction to ! decrees4 ,!re may exi/ p]iodical assemblies ( ! cl]gy1 to ma9ta9 ord]1 "u ! au?ority ( ! ,/ate1 b ! civil p[] ought uni=mly to direct _! views & guide _! delib]ations4 ,! p]iodical assembly ( ! cl]gy ( ,france is only an assembly ( regulative commission]s = all ! cl]gy ( ! k+dom4 ,! v[s by :i* c]ta9 ecclesia/ics oblige !mselves to live 9 a body accord+ to c]ta9 rules1 "u ! "n ( monks1 or ( religieux1 s prodigi\sly multipli$ 9 ,europe1 %\ld always be submitt$ to ! inspection & approval ( ! magi/rate4 ,^! conv5ts1 :i* %ut up s _m p]sons :o are useless to society1 & s _m victims :o regret ! lib]ty :i* !y h lo/2 ^! ord]s1 :i* be> s _m /range d5om9ations1 ought n to be valid or obligatory1 unless :5 exam9$ & sanction$ by ! sov]eign or ! ,/ate4 ,at all times1 !re=e1 ! pr9ce or ,/ate has a "r to take cognizance ( ! rules & conduct ( ^! religi\s h\ses1 & to re=m or aboli% !m if held to be incompatible ) pres5t circum/ances1 & ! positive welf>e ( society4 ,! rev5ue & prop]ty ( ^! religi\s bodies are1 9 l mann]1 op5 to ! inspection ( ! magi/racy1 9 ord] to judge ( _! am\nt & ( ! mann] 9 :i* !y are employ$4 ,if ! mass ( ! ri*es1 :i* is ?us prev5t$ f circulation1 be too great2 if ! rev5ues greatly exce$ ! reasonable support ( ! regul>s2 if ! employm5t ( ^! rev5ues be oppos$ to ! g5]al good2 if ?is accumulation impov]i% ! re/ ( ! community2 9 all ^! cases x becomes ! magi/racy1 z ! common fa!rs ( ! c\ntry1 to dim9i% & divide ^! ri*es1 9 ord] to make !m p>take ( ! circulation1 :i* is ! life ( ! body politic2 or ev5 to employ !m 9 any o!r way = ! b5efit ( ! public4 ,agreeably to ! same pr9ciples1 ! sov]eign au?ority ought to =bid any religi\s ord] f hav+ a sup]ior :o is a native or resid5t ( ano!r c\ntry4 ,x approa*es to ! crime ( lse-maje/4 ,! sov]eign may prescribe rules = admission into ^! ord]s2 he may1 accord+ to anci5t usage1 fix an age1 & h9d] tak+ v[s1 except by ! express cons5t ( ! magi/racy 9 ea* in/ance4 ,e citiz5 is born a subject ( ! ,/ate1 & has no "r to break 8 natural engagem5ts ) society )\t ! cons5t ( ^? :o preside ov] x4 ,if ! sov]eign aboli%es a religi\s ord]1 ! v[s cease to be b9d+4 ,! fir/ v[ is t to ! ,/ate2 x is a prim>y & tacit oa? au?oriz$ by ,god2 a v[ accord+ to ! decrees ( ,provid5ce2 a v[ unalt]able & imprescriptible1 :i* unites man 9 society to 8 c\ntry & 8 sov]eign4 ,if we take a po/]ior v[1 ! primitive "o /ill exi/s2 & :5 !y cla%1 no?+ c weak5 or susp5d ! =ce ( ! prim>y engagem5t4 ,if1 !re=e1 ! sov]eign decl>es ?is la/ v[1 :i* is only conditional & dep5d5t on ! fir/1 incompatible ) x1 he does n dissolve a v[1 b decrees x to be necess>ily void1 & replaces ! individual 9 8 natural /ate4 ,! =ego+ is q suffici5t to dissipate all ! sophi/ry by :i* ! canoni/s h s\ght to emb>rass a "q s simple 9 ! e/imation ( all :o are dispos$ to li/5 to reason4 ,,section ,,iv4 ,on ,ecclesia/ical ,p5alties4 ,s9ce nei!r ! ,*ur*1 :i* is ! body ( believ]s collectively1 nor ! ecclesia/ics1 :o are m9i/]s 9 ! ,*ur* 9 ! "n ( ! sov]eign & "u 8 au?ority1 possess any coactive /r5g?1 executive p[]1 or t]re/rial au?ority1 x is evid5t t ^! m9i/]s c inflict only spiritual puni%m5ts4 ,to ?reat5 s9n]s ) ! ang] ( heav5 is ! sole p5alty t a pa/or is entitl$ to inflict4 ,if ! "n ( puni%m5t or p5alty is n to be giv5 to ^? c5sures or declamations1 m9i/]s ( religion h none at all to inflict4 ,may ! ,*ur* eject f its bosom ^? :o disgrace or :o tr\ble x8 ,?is is a gr& "q1 ^u :i* ! canoni/s h n hesitat$ to adopt ! affirmative4 ,let u repeat1 9 ! fir/ place1 t ecclesia/ics are n ! ,*ur*4 ,! assembl$ ,*ur*1 :i* includes ! ,/ate or sov]eign1 d\btless possesses ! "r to exclude f ! congregations a sc&al\s s9n]1 aft] repeat$ *>itable & suffici5t w>n+s4 ,! exclusion1 ev5 9 ?is case1 _c inflict any civil p5alty1 any bodily evil1 or any m]ely e>?ly privation2 b :atev] "r ! ,*ur* may 9 ?is way possess1 ! ecclesia/ics belong+ to x c only ex]cise x z f> z ! sov]eign & ,/ate all[4 ,x is !re=e /ill m incumb5t on ! sov]eign1 9 ?is case1 to wat* ov] ! mann] 9 :i* ?is p]mitt$ "r is ex]cis$1 vigilance be+ ! m necess>y 9 consequ5ce ( ! abuse to :i* x is liable4 ,x is1 consequ5tly1 necess>y = ! supreme civil p[] to consult ! rules = ! regulation ( assi/ance & *>ity1 to prescribe suitable re/rictions1 )\t :i* e decl>ation ( ! cl]gy1 & all excommunication1 w be null & )\t effect1 ev5 :5 only applicable to ! spiritual ord]4 ,x is to conf\nd diff]5t eras & circum/ances1 to regulate ! proce$+s ( pres5t times f ! practice ( ! apo/les4 ,! sov]eign 9 ^? days 0 n ( ! religion ( ! apo/les1 nor 0 ! ,*ur* includ$ 9 ! ,/ate1 s t ! m9i/]s ( wor%ip c\ld n h rec\rse to ! magi/rates4 ,moreov]1 ! apo/les 7 m9i/]s extraord9>y1 ( :i* we n[ p]ceive no resemblance4 ,if o!r examples ( excommunication1 )\t ! au?ority ( ! sov]eign1 be quot$1 ,i c only say t ,i _c he>1 )\t horror1 ( examples ( excommunication insol5tly fulm9at$ aga9/ sov]eigns & magi/rates2 ,i boldly reply1 t ^! d5unciations am\nt to manife/ rebellion1 & to an op5 violation ( ! mo/ sacr$ duties ( religion1 *>ity1 & natural "r4 ,let u add1 9 ord] to af=d a complete idea ( excommunication1 & ( ! true rules ( canonical "r or law 9 ?is respect1 t excommunication1 legitimately pron\nc$ by ^? to :om ! sov]eign1 9 ! "n ( ! ,*ur*1 expressly leaves ! p[]1 includes privation only ( spiritual advantages on e>?1 & c ext5d to no?+ else3 all beyond ?is w be abuse1 & m or less tyrannical4 ,! m9i/]s ( ! ,*ur* c d no m ?an decl>e t su* & su* a man is no m a memb] ( ! ,*ur*4 ,he may /ill1 h[ev]1 enjoy not)/&+ ! excommunication1 all 8 natural1 civil1 & temporal rights z a man & a citiz54 ,if ! magi/rate /eps 9 & deprives su* a man1 9 consequ5ce1 ( an (fice or employm5t 9 society1 x !n becomes a civil p5alty = "s fault aga9/ civil ord]4 ,let u suppose t :i* may v likely happ51 z ecclesia/ics are only m51 t ! excommunication :i* !y h be5 l$ to pron\nce has be5 prompt$ by "s error or "s passion2 he :o is expos$ to a c5sure s precipitate is cle>ly ju/ifi$ 9 8 consci5ce be=e ,god2 ! decl>ation issu$ aga9/ him c produce no effect ^u ! life to come4 ,depriv$ ( ext]ior communion ) ! true ,*ur*1 he may /ill enjoy ! consolation ( ! int]ior communion4 ,ju/ifi$ by 8 consci5ce1 he has no?+ to fe> 9 a future exi/5ce f ! judgm5t ( ,god1 8 only true judge4 ,x is !n a great "q1 z to canonical rights1 :e!r ! cl]gy1 _! head1 or any ecclesia/ical body :atev]1 c excommunicate ! sov]eign or ! magi/racy1 "u any pretext1 or = any abuse ( _! p[]8 ,?is "q is ess5tially sc&al\s1 & ! simple d\bt a direct rebellion4 ,9 fact1 ! fir/ duty ( man 9 society is to respect ! magi/rate1 & to advance 8 respectability1 & y pret5d to h a "r to c5sure & set him aside4 ,:o has giv5 y ?is absurd & p]nici\s "r8 ,is x ,god1 :o gov]ns ! political _w by delegat$ sov]eignty1 & :o orda9s t society %all subsi/ by subord9ation8 ,! fir/ ecclesia/ics at ! rise ( ,*ri/ianity--did !y conceive !mselves au?oriz$ to excommunicate ,tib]ius1 ,n]o1 ,claudius1 or ev5 ,con/ant9e1 :o 0 a h]etic8 ,h[ !n h pret5sions ?us mon/r\s1 ideas ?us atroci\s1 wick$ attempts equally condemn$ by reason & by natural & religi\s rights1 be5 suff]$ to la/ s long8 ,if a religion exi/s :i* tea*es l horrors1 society ought to proscribe x1 z directly subv]sive ( ! repose ( mank9d4 ,! cry ( :ole nations is already lift$ up aga9/ ^! pret5d$ canonical laws1 dictat$ by ambition & by fanaticism4 ,x is to be hop$ t sov]eigns1 bett] in/ruct$ 9 _! rights1 & support$ by ! fidelity ( _! p1 w t]m9ate abuses s enorm\s1 & :i* h caus$ s _m mis=tunes4 ,! au?or ( ! ,essay on ! ,mann]s & ,_s ( ,nations has be5 ! fir/ to =cibly expose ! atrocity ( ent]prises ( ?is nature4 ,,section ,v4 ,( ! ,sup]9t5d5ce ( ,doctr9e4 ,! sov]eign is n ! judge ( ! tru? ( doctr9e2 he may judge = himself1 l all o!r m52 b he ought to take cognizance ( x 9 respect to ev]y?+ :i* relates to civil ord]1 :e!r 9 reg>d to purport or deliv]y4 ,?is is ! g5]al rule f :i* magi/rates ought nev] to dep>t4 ,no?+ 9 a doctr9e m]its ! att5tion ( ! police1 except z x int]e/s public ord]3 x is ! influ5ce ( doctr9e ^u mann]s t decides its importance4 ,doctr9es :i* h a di/ant connection only ) good conduct c nev] be fundam5tal4 ,tru?s :i* conduce to r5d] mank9d g5tle1 humane1 ob$i5t to ! laws & to ! gov]nm5t1 int]e/ ! ,/ate1 & proce$ evid5tly f ,god4 ,,section ,,vi4 ,sup]9t5d5ce ( ! ,magi/racy ,ov] ! ,adm9i/ration ( ! ,sacram5ts4 ,! adm9i/ration ( ! sacram5ts ought to be submitt$ to ! c>eful inspection ( ! magi/rates 9 ev]y?+ :i* conc]ns public ord]4 ,x has already be5 obs]v$ t ! magi/rate ought to wat* ov] ! =m ( ! public regi/ry ( m>riages1 baptisms1 & dea?s1 )\t any reg>d to ! cre$ ( ! diff]5t inhabitants ( ! ,/ate4 ,simil> reasons 9 relation to police & good gov]nm5t--d !y n require an exact regi/ry 9 ! h&s ( ! magi/racy ( all ^? :o make v[s1 & ent] conv5ts 9 ^? c\ntries 9 :i* conv5ts are p]mitt$8 ,9 ! sacram5t ( rep5tance1 ! m9i/] :o refuses or grants absolution is acc\ntable = 8 judgm5t only to ,god2 & 9 ! same mann]1 ! p5it5t is acc\ntable to ,god alone1 :e!r he consummates x all1 or does s well or ill4 ,no pa/or1 himself a s9n]1 ought to h ! "r ( publicly refus+1 on 8 own private au?ority1 ! eu*>i/ to ano!r s9n]4 ,! s9less ,jesus ,*ri/ refus$ n ! communion to ,judas4 ,extreme unction & ! viaticum1 if dem&$ or reque/$ by ! sick1 %\ld be gov]n$ by ! same1 rule4 ,! simple "r ( ! m9i/] is to exhort ! sick p]son1 & x is ! duty ( ! magi/rate to take c>e t ! pa/or abuse n circum/ances1 9 ord] to p]secute ! invalid4 ,=m]ly1 x 0 ! ,*ur* collectively :i* call$ ! pa/ors1 & conf]r$ ^u !m ! "r ( gov]n+ & in/ruct+ ! flock4 ,at pres5t1 ecclesia/ics alone consecrate o!rs1 & ! magi/racy ought to be wat*ful ( ?is privilege4 ,x is d\btless a great1 ?\gh anci5t abuse1 t ( conf]r+ ord]s )\t functions2 x is depriv+ ! ,/ate ( memb]s1 )\t add+ to ! ,*ur*4 ,! magi/rate is call$ ^u to re=m ?is abuse4 ,m>riage1 9 a civil s5se1 is ! legitimate union ( a man ) a woman = ! procreation ( *ildr51 to secure _! due nurture & education1 & 9 ord] to assure unto !m _! rights & prop]ties "u ! protection ( ! laws4 ,9 ord] to confirm & e/abli% ?is union1 x is accompani$ by a religi\s c]emony1 reg>d$ by "s z a sacram5t1 & by o!rs z a portion ( public wor%ip2 a g5u9e logoma*y1 :i* *anges no?+ 9 ! ?+4 ,two po9ts are !re=e to be di/+ui%$ 9 m>riage--! civil contract1 or natural engagem5t1 & ! sacram5t1 or sacr$ c]emony4 ,m>riage may !re=e exi/1 ) all its natural & civil effects1 indep5d5tly ( ! religi\s c]emony4 ,! c]emonies ( ! ,*ur* are only ess5tial to civil ord]1 because ! ,/ate has adopt$ !m4 ,a long "t elaps$ be=e ! m9i/]s ( religion _h any?+ to d ) m>riage4 ,9 ! "t ( ,ju/9ian1 ! agreem5t ( ! p>ties1 9 ! pres5ce ( witnesses1 )\t any c]emonies ( ! ,*ur*1 legaliz$ m>riages among ,*ri/ians4 ,x 0 t emp]or :o1 t[>ds ! middle ( ! six? c5tury1 made ! fir/ laws by :i* ! pres5ce ( prie/s 0 requir$1 z simple witnesses1 )\t1 h[ev]1 prescrib+ any nuptial b5$iction4 ,! emp]or ,leo1 :o di$ 9 #hhf1 seems to h be5 ! fir/ :o plac$ ! religi\s c]emony 9 ! numb] ( necess>y conditions4 ,! t]ms ( ! law itself inde$1 :i* orda9s x1 prove x to h be5 a novelty4 ,f ! correct idea :i* we n[ =m ( m>riage1 x results 9 ! fir/ place1 t good ord]1 & ev5 piety1 r5d] religi\s =ms adopt$ 9 all ,*ri/ian c\ntries necess>y4 ,b ! ess5ce ( m>riage _c be d5ationaliz$1 & ?is engagem5t1 :i* is ! pr9cipal "o 9 society1 ought uni=mly1 z a bran* ( civil & political ord]1 to be plac$ "u ! au?ority ( ! magi/racy4 ,x foll[s1 !re=e1 t a m>ri$ c\ple1 ev5 educat$ 9 ! wor%ip ( infidels & h]etics1 are n oblig$ to m>ry aga91 if !y h be5 unit$ agreeably to ! e/abli%$ =ms ( _! own c\ntry2 & x is = ! magi/rate 9 all su* in/ances to inve/igate ! /ate ( ! case4 ,! prie/ is at pres5t ! magi/rate freely nom9at$ by ! law1 9 c]ta9 c\ntries1 to receive ! pl$g$ fai? ( p]sons wi%+ to m>ry4 ,x is v evid5t1 t ! law c modify or *ange z x pleases ! ext5t ( ?is ecclesia/ical au?ority4 ,wills & fun]als are inconte/ably "u ! au?ority ( ! civil magi/racy & ! police4 ,! cl]gy h nev] be5 all[$ to usurp ! au?ority ( ! law 9 respect to ^!4 ,9 ! age ( ,l\is ,,xiv4 h[ev]1 & ev5 9 t ( ,l\is ,,xv41 /rik+ examples h be5 witness$ ( ! endeavors ( c]ta9 fanatical ecclesia/ics to int]f]e 9 ! regulation ( fun]als4 ,"u ! pretext ( h]esy1 !y refus$ ! sacram5ts1 & int]m5t2 a b>b>ity :i* ,pagans w\ld h held 9 horror4 ,,section ,,vii4 ,ecclesia/ical ,jurisdiction4 ,! sov]eign or ,/ate may1 )\t d\bt1 give up to an ecclesia/ical body1 or a s+le prie/1 a jurisdiction ov] c]ta9 objects & c]ta9 p]sons1 ) a p[] suitable to ! au?ority confid$4 ,i exam9e n into ! prud5ce ( remitt+ a c]ta9 portion ( civil au?ority into ! h&s ( any body or p]son :o already enjoys an au?ority 9 ?+s spiritual4 ,to deliv] to ^? :o ought to be solely employ$ 9 conduct+ m5 to heav51 an au?ority ^u e>?1 is to produce a union ( two p[]s1 ! abuse ( :i* is only too easy2 b at lea/ x is evid5t t any man1 z well z an ecclesia/ic1 may be intru/$ ) ! same jurisdiction4 ,by :omsoev] possess$1 x has ei!r be5 conc$$ by ! sov]eign p[]1 or usurp$2 !re is no m$ium4 ,! k+dom ( ,jesus ,*ri/ is n ( ?is _w2 he refus$ to be a judge ^u e>?1 & ord]$ t m5 %\ld give unto ,cs> ! ?+s :i* belong$ unto ,cs>3 he =bade all dom9ations to 8 apo/les1 & prea*$ only humility1 g5tl5ess1 & dep5d5ce4 ,f him ecclesia/ics c d]ive nei!r p[]1 au?ority1 dom9ation1 nor jurisdiction 9 ?is _w4 ,!y c !re=e possess no legitimate au?ority1 b by a concession f ! sov]eign or ,/ate1 f :i* all au?ority 9 a society c prop]ly emanate4 ,!re 0 a "t 9 ! unhappy epo* ( ! feudal ages 9 :i* ecclesia/ics 7 possess$ 9 v>i\s c\ntries ) ! pr9cipal functions ( ! magi/racy3 ! au?ority ( ! lords ( ! lay fiefs1 s =midable to ! sov]eign & oppressive to ! p1 has be5 s9ce b\nd$2 b a portion ( ! indep5d5ce ( ! ecclesia/ical jurisdictions /ill exi/s4 ,:5 w sov]eigns be suffici5tly in=m$ & c\rage\s to take back f !m ! usurp$ au?ority & num]\s privileges :i* !y h s (t5 abus$1 to annoy ! flock :i* !y ought to protect8 ,x is by ?is inadv]t5ce ( pr9ces t ! audaci\s ent]prises ( ecclesia/ics aga9/ sov]eigns !mselves h orig9at$4 ,! sc&al\s hi/ory ( ^! attempts has be5 consign$ to records :i* _c be conte/$4 ,! bull ,9 cna ,dom9i1 9 p>ticul>1 /ill rema9s to prove ! cont9ual ent]prises ( ! cl]gy aga9/ royal & civil au?ority4 ,extract f ! ,t>iff ( ! ,rights ,exact$ 9 ,france by ! ,c\rt ( ,rome = ,bulls1 ,disp5sations1 ,absolutions1 etc41 :i* ,t>iff 0 ,decre$ 9 ! ,k+'s ,c\ncil1 ,sept4 #d1 #afia1 & ,:i* is ,report$ ,entire 9 ! ,brief ( ,james ,lepelleti]1 ,pr9t$ at ,lyons 9 #afii1 ) ! ,approbation & ,p]mission ( ! ,k+4 ,lyons3 ,pr9t$ = ,an?ony ,b\det1 ,eigh? ,edition4 #a4 ,= absolution = ! crime ( apo/asy1 payable to ! pope1 tw5ty-f\r livres4 #b4 ,a ba/>d wi%+ to take ord]s mu/ pay tw5ty-five livres = a disp5sation2 if desir\s to possess a b5efice1 he mu/ pay 9 addition "o hundr$ & eighty livres2 if anxi\s t 8 disp5sation %\ld n allude to 8 illegitimacy1 he w h to pay a ?\s& & fifty livres4 #c4 ,= disp5sation & absolution ( bigamy1 "o ?\s& & fifty livres4 #d4 ,= a disp5sation = ! error ( a false judgm5t 9 ! adm9i/ration ( ju/ice or ! ex]cise ( m$ic9e1 n9ety livres4 #e4 ,absolution = h]esy1 tw5ty-f\r livres4 #f4 ,brief ( =ty h\rs1 = sev5 ye>s1 twelve livres4 #g4 ,absolution = hav+ committ$ homicide 9 self-def5ce1 or undesign$ly1 n9ety-five livres4 ,all 9 company ( ! murd]] also ne$ absolution1 & are to pay = ! same eighty-five livres ea*4 #h4 ,indulg5ces = sev5 ye>s1 twelve livres4 #i4 ,p]petual indulg5ces = a bro!rhood1 =ty livres4 #aj4 ,disp5sation = irregul>ity & incapacity1 tw5ty-five livres2 if ! irregul>ity is great1 fifty livres4 #aa4 ,= p]mission to read =bidd5 books1 tw5ty-five livres4 #ab4 ,disp5sation = simony1 =ty livres2 ) an augm5tation accord+ to circum/ances4 #ac4 ,brief to p]mit ! eat+ ( =bidd5 meats1 sixty-five livres4 #ad4 ,disp5sation = simple v[s ( *a/ity or ( religion1 fifte5 livres4 ,brief decl>atory ( ! nullity ( ! pr(ession ( a monk or a nun1 "o hundr$ livres4 ,if ?is brief be reque/$ t5 ye>s aft] pr(ession1 d\ble ! am\nt4 ,disp5sations 9 ,relation to ,m>riage4 ,disp5sations = ! f\r? degree ( relation%ip1 ) cause1 sixty-five livres2 )\t cause1 n9ety livres2 ) disp5sation = famili>ities t h pass$ betwe5 ! future m>ri$ p]sons1 "o hundr$ & eighty livres4 ,= relations ( ! ?ird or f\r? degree1 bo? on ! side ( ! fa!r & "m1 )\t cause1 eight hundr$ & eighty livres2 ) cause1 "o hundr$ & =ty-five livres4 ,= relations ( ! second degree on "o side1 & ! f\r? on ! o!r2 nobles to pay "o ?\s& f\r hundr$ & ?irty livres2 roturi]s1 "o ?\s& "o hundr$ & fifty livres4 ,he :o w\ld m>ry ! si/] ( ! girl to :om he has be5 affianc$1 to pay = a disp5sation1 "o ?\s& f\r hundr$ & ?irty livres4 ,^? :o are relations 9 ! ?ird degree1 if !y are nobles1 or live cr$itably1 are to pay "o ?\s& f\r hundr$ & ?irty livres2 if ! relation%ip is on ! side ( fa!r z well z "m1 two ?\s& f\r hundr$ & ?irty livres4 ,relations 9 ! second degree to pay f\r ?\s& five hundr$ & ?irty livres2 & if ! female has accord$ favors to ! male1 9 addition = absolution1 two ?\s& & ?irty livres4 ,= ^? :o h /ood sponsors at ! baptism ( ! *ildr5 ( ea* o!r1 ! disp5sation w co/ two ?\s& sev5 hundr$ & ?irty livres4 ,if !y w\ld be absolv$ f premature famili>ity1 "o ?\s& ?ree hundr$ & ?irty livres 9 addition4 ,he :o has enjoy$ ! favors ( a wid[ dur+ ! life ( h] deceas$ husb&1 9 ord] to legitimately esp\se h]1 w h to pay "o hundr$ & n9ety livres4 ,9 ,spa9 & ,portugal1 ! m>riage disp5sations are /ill de>]4 ,c\s9s-g]man _c obta9 !m = less ?an two ?\s& cr[ns4 ,! poor n be+ able to pay ^! taxes1 abatem5ts may be made4 ,x is bett] to obta9 half a "r1 ?an lose all by refus+ ! disp5sation4 ,no ref]5ce is _h "h to ! sums paid to ! pope = ! bulls ( bi%ops1 abbots1 etc41 :i* are to be f\nd 9 ! almanacs2 b we _c p]ceive by :at au?ority ! pope ( ,rome levies taxes ^u laym5 :o *oose to m>ry _! c\s9s4 ,,riv]s4 ,! progress ( riv]s to ! ocean is n s rapid z t ( man to error4 ,x is n long s9ce x 0 discov]$ t all riv]s orig9ate 9 ^? et]nal masses ( sn[ :i* cov] ! summits ( l(ty m\nta9s1 ^? sn[s 9 ra91 t ra9 9 ! vapor exhal$ f ! l& & sea2 & t ?us ev]y?+ is a l9k 9 ! great *a9 ( nature4 ,:5 a boy1 ,i he>d !ses deliv]$ :i* prov$ t all riv]s & f\nta9s came f ! sea4 ,?is 0 ! op9ion ( all antiquity4 ,^! riv]s fl[$ into imm5se cav]ns1 & !nce di/ribut$ _! wat]s to all p>ts ( ! _w4 ,:5 ,ari/eus goes to lam5t ! loss ( 8 bees to ,cyr5e 8 "m1 goddess ( ! little riv] ,enipus 9 ,!ssaly1 ! riv] imm$iately divides itself1 =m+ z x 7 two m\nta9s ( wat]1 "r & left1 to receive him accord+ to anci5t & immemorial usage2 aft] :i* he has a view ( ^? va/ & beautiful grottoes ?r\gh :i* fl[ all ! riv]s ( ! e>?2 ! ,po1 :i* desc5ds f ,m\nt ,viso 9 ,pi$mont1 & trav]ses ,italy2 ! ,tev]one1 :i* comes f ! ,ap5n9es2 ! ,phasis1 :i* issues f ,m\nt ,caucasus1 & falls into ! ,black ,sea2 & numb]less o!rs4 ,virgil1 9 ?is in/ance1 adopt$ a /range sy/em ( natural philosophy1 9 :i* c]ta9ly none b poets c be indulg$4 ,su*1 h[ev]1 0 ! cr$it & preval5ce ( ?is sy/em t1 fifte5 hundr$ ye>s aft]w>ds1 ,tasso completely imitat$ ,virgil 9 8 f\rte5? canto1 :ile imitat+ at ! same "t ) f> great] felicity ,ario/o4 ,an old ,*ri/ian magician conducts und]gr\nd ! two knights :o are to br+ back ,r9aldo f ! arms ( ,armida1 z ,melissa _h rescu$ ,rog]o f ! c>esses ( ,alc9a4 ,?is v5]able sage makes ,r9aldo desc5d into 8 grotto1 f :i* issue all ! riv]s :i* refre% & f]tilize our e>?4 ,x is a pity t ! riv]s ( ,am]ica are n among ! numb]4 ,b z ! ,nile1 ! ,danube1 ! ,se9e1 ! ,jordan1 & ! ,volga h _! s\rce 9 ?is cav]n1 t ought to be deem$ suffici5t4 ,:at is /ill m 9 con=mity to ! physics ( antiquity is ! circum/ance ( ?is grotto or cav]n be+ 9 ! v c5tre ( ! e>?4 ,( c\rse1 x is "h t ,maup]tuis want$ to take a t\r4 ,aft] admitt+ t riv]s spr+ f m\nta9s1 & t bo? ( !m are ess5tial p>ts ( ?is great ma*9e1 let u bew>e h[ we give 9 to v>y+ & vani%+ sy/ems4 ,:5 ,maillet imag9$ t ! sea _h =m$ ! m\nta9s1 he %\ld h d$icat$ 8 book to ,cyrano de ,b]g]ac4 ,:5 x has be5 said1 also1 t ! great *a9s ( m\nta9s ext5d f ea/ to we/1 & t ! greate/ numb] ( riv]s also fl[ always to ! we/1 ! _s ( sy/em has be5 m consult$ ?an ! tru? ( nature4 ,) respect to m\nta9s1 disemb>k at ! ,cape ( ,good ,hope1 y w p]ceive a *a9 ( m\nta9s f ! s\? z f> nor? z ,monomotapa4 ,only a few p]sons h visit$ t qu>t] ( ! _w1 & travell$ "u ! l9e 9 ,africa4 ,b ,calpe & ,abila are completely 9 ! direction ( nor? & s\?4 ,f ,gibralt> to ! riv] ,guadiana1 9 a c\rse directly nor?w>d1 !re is a cont9u\s range ( m\nta9s4 ,new & ,old ,ca/ile are cov]$ ) !m1 & ! direction ( !m all is f s\? to nor?1 l t ( all ! m\nta9s 9 ,am]ica4 ,) respect to ! riv]s1 !y fl[ precisely accord+ to ! disposition or direction ( ! l&4 ,! ,guadalquivir runs /raight to ! s\? f ,villanueva to ,san ,luc>2 ! ,guadiana ! same1 z f> z ,badajos4 ,all ! riv]s 9 ! ,gulf ( ,v5ice1 except ! ,po1 fall into ! sea t[>ds ! s\?4 ,su* is ! c\rse ( ! ,rhone f ,lyons to its m\?4 ,t ( ! ,se9e is f ! nor?-nor?we/4 ,! ,rh9e1 f ,basle1 goes /raight to ! nor?4 ,! ,meuse does ! same1 f its s\rce to ! t]ritory ov]fl[$ by its wat]s4 ,! ,s*eldt also does ! same4 ,:y1 !n1 %\ld m5 be s assidu\s 9 deceiv+ !mselves1 j = ! pleasure ( =m+ sy/ems1 & lead+ a/ray p]sons ( weak & ignorant m9ds8 ,:at good c possibly arise f induc+ a numb] ( p--:o mu/ inevitably be soon undeceiv$--to believe t all riv]s & all m\nta9s are 9 a direction f ea/ to we/1 or f we/ to ea/2 t all m\nta9s are cov]$ ) oy/]-%ells--:i* is mo/ c]ta9ly false--t an*ors h be5 f\nd on ! summit ( ! m\nta9s ( ,switz]l&2 t ^! m\nta9s h be5 =m$ by ! curr5ts ( ! ocean2 & t lime/one is compos$ entirely ( sea%ells8 ,:at6 %all we1 at ! pres5t day1 treat philosophy z ! anci5ts =m]ly treat$ hi/ory8 ,to return to /reams & riv]s4 ,! mo/ important & valuable ?+s t c be done 9 relation to !m is prev5t+ _! inundations1 & mak+ new riv]s--t is1 canals--out ( ^? already exi/+1 :]ev] ! und]tak+ is practicable & b5eficial4 ,?is is "o ( ! mo/ useful s]vices t c be conf]r$ ^u a nation4 ,! canals ( ,egypt 7 z s]viceable z its pyramids 7 useless4 ,) reg>d to ! quantity ( wat] convey$ along ! b$s ( riv]s1 & ev]y?+ relat+ to calculation on ! subject1 read ! article on ,riv]1 by ,m4 d',alemb]t4 ,x is1 l ev]y?+ else done by him1 cle>1 exact1 & true2 & writt5 9 a /yle adapt$ to ! subject2 he does n employ ! /yle ( ,telema*us to discuss subjects ( natural philosophy4 ,,roads4 ,x 0 n until lately t ! mod]n nations ( ,europe began to r5d] roads practicable & conv5i5t1 & to be/[ on !m "s beauty4 ,to sup]9t5d & keep 9 ord] ! road is "o ( ! mo/ important c>es ( bo? ! ,mogul & ,*9ese emp]ors4 ,b ^! pr9ces nev] atta9$ su* em95ce 9 ?is dep>tm5t z ! ,romans4 ,! ,appian1 ! ,aurelian1 ! ,flam9ian1 ! milian1 & ! ,trajan ways exi/ ev5 at ! pres5t day4 ,! ,romans alone 7 capable ( con/ruct+ su* roads1 & !y alone 7 capable ( repair+ !m4 ,b]gi]1 :o has writt5 an o!rwise valuable book1 insi/s mu* on ,solomon's employ+ ?irty ?\s& ,jews 9 cutt+ wood on ,m\nt ,lebanon1 eighty ?\s& 9 build+ ! temple1 sev5ty ?\s& on c>riages1 & ?ree ?\s& six hundr$ 9 sup]9t5d+ ! labors ( o!rs4 ,we w = a mom5t admit x all to be true2 yet /ill !re is no?+ said ab\t 8 mak+ or repair+ highways4 ,pl9y in=ms u t ?ree hundr$ ?\s& m5 7 employ$ = tw5ty ye>s 9 build+ "o ( ! pyramids ( ,egypt2 ,i am n dispos$ to d\bt x2 b surely ?ree hundr$ ?\s& m5 might h be5 mu* bett] employ$4 ,^? :o work$ on ! canals 9 ,egypt2 or on ! great wall1 ! canals1 or highways ( ,*9a2 or ^? :o con/ruct$ ! celebrat$ ways ( ! ,roman ,empire 7 mu* m usefully occupi$ ?an ! ?ree hundr$ ?\s& mis]able slaves 9 build+ a pyramidal sepul*re = ! corpse ( a bigot$ ,egyptian4 ,we are well acqua9t$ ) ! prodigi\s works accompli%$ by ! ,romans1 _! imm5se excavations = lakes ( wat]1 or ! b$s ( lakes =m$ by nature1 fill$ up1 hills levell$1 & a passage bor$ ?r\gh a m\nta9 by ,vespasian1 9 ! ,flam9ian way1 = m ?an a ?\s& feet 9 l5g?1 ! inscription on :i* rema9s at pres5t4 ,pausilippo is n to be comp>$ ) x4 ,! f\ndations ( ! great] "p ( our pres5t h\ses are f> f be+ s solid z 7 ! highways 9 ! neighborhood ( ,rome2 & ^! public ways 7 ext5d$ ?r\gh\t ! empire1 al?\gh n ^u ! same scale ( duration & solidity4 ,to effect t w\ld h requir$ m m5 & money ?an c\ld possibly h be5 obta9$4 ,almo/ all ! highways ( ,italy 7 erect$ on a f\ndation f\r feet deep2 :5 a space ( m>%y gr\nd or bog 0 on ! track ( ! road1 x 0 fill$ up2 & :5 any "p ( x 0 m\nta9\s1 its pretipit\sness 0 r$uc$ to a g5tle & trifl+ incl9ation f ! g5]al l9e ( ! road4 ,9 _m p>ts1 ! roads 7 support$ by solid walls4 ,^u ! f\r feet ( masonry1 7 plac$ l>ge hewn /ones ( m>ble1 ne>ly "o foot 9 ?ickness1 & frequ5tly t5 feet wide2 !y 7 ind5t$ by ! *isel to prev5t ! slipp+ ( ! horses4 ,x 0 difficult to say :i* mo/ attract$ admiration--! utility or ! magnific5ce ( ^! a/oni%+ works4 ,ne>ly all ( ^! wond]ful con/ructions 7 rais$ at ! public exp5se4 ,cs> repair$ & ext5d$ ! ,appian way out ( 8 own private funds2 ^? funds1 h[ev]1 consi/$ ( ! money ( ! republic4 ,:o 7 ! p]sons employ$ ^u ^! works8 ,slaves1 captives tak5 9 w>1 & prov9cials t 7 n admitt$ to ! di/9ction ( ,roman citiz5s4 ,!y work$ by corve1 z !y d 9 ,france & else:]e2 b "s trifl+ remun]ation 0 all[$ !m4 ,augu/us 0 ! fir/ :o jo9$ ! legions ) ! p 9 labors ^u ! highways ( ! ,gauls1 & 9 ,spa9 & ,asia4 ,he p5etrat$ ! ,alps by ! valley :i* bore 8 "n1 & :i* ! ,pi$montese & ! ,fr5* corruptly call$ ! ,valley ( ,a/e4 ,x 0 previ\sly necess>y to br+ "u subjection all ! savage hordes by :i* ^! cantons 7 inhabit$4 ,!re is /ill visible1 betwe5 ,great & ,little ,/4 ,b]n>d1 ! triumphal ar* erect$ by ! s5ate 9 honor ( him aft] ?is exp$ition4 ,he aga9 p5etrat$ ! ,alps on ano!r side lead+ to ,lyons1 & !nce into ! :ole ( ,gaul4 ,! conqu]$ nev] effect$ = !mselves s mu* z 0 effect$ = !m by _! conqu]ors4 ,! d[nfall ( ! ,roman ,empire 0 t ( all ! public works1 z also ( all ord]ly police1 art1 & indu/ry4 ,! great roads disappe>$ 9 ! ,gauls1 except "s causeways1 *ausses1 :i* ! un=tunate ,que5 ,brunehilde kept = a little "t 9 repair4 ,a man c\ld sc>cely move on horseback ) safety on ! anci5t celebrat$ ways1 :i* 7 n[ becom+ dreadfully brok5 up1 & imp$$ by masses ( /one & mud4 ,x 0 f\nd necess>y to pass ov] ! cultivat$ fields2 ! pl\ghs sc>cely effect$ 9 a mon? :at !y n[ easily accompli% 9 a week4 ,! little comm]ce t rema9$ 0 limit$ to a few wooll5 & l95 clo?s1 & "s wret*$ly wr\ght h>dw>es1 :i* 7 c>ri$ on ! backs ( mules to ! =tifications or prisons call$ *teaux situat$ 9 ! mid/ ( m>%es1 or on ! tops ( m\nta9s cov]$ ) sn[4 ,:atev] travell+ 0 accompli%$--& x c\ld be b little--dur+ ! sev]e seasons ( ! ye>1 s long & s t$i\s 9 nor!rn climates1 c\ld be effect$ only by wad+ ?r\gh mud or climb+ ov] rocks4 ,su* 0 ! /ate ( ! :ole ( ,france & ,g]many d[n to ! middle ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,e individual wore boots2 & 9 _m ( ! cities ( ,g]many ! inhabitants w5t into ! /reets on /ilts4 ,at l5g?1 "u ,l\is ,,xiv41 7 begun ^? great roads :i* o!r nations h imitat$4 ,_! wid? 0 limit$ to sixty feet 9 ! ye> #agbj4 ,!y are bord]$ by trees 9 _m places to ! ext5t ( ?irty leagues f ! capital1 :i* has a mo/ int]e/+ & delightful effect4 ,! ,roman milit>y ways 7 only sixte5 feet wide1 b 7 inf9itely m solid4 ,x 0 necess>y to repair !m e ye>1 z is ! practice ) u4 ,!y 7 embelli%$ by monum5ts1 by milit>y columns1 & ev5 by magnific5t tombs2 = x 0 n p]mitt$1 ei!r 9 ,greece or ,italy1 to bury ! dead )9 ! walls ( cities1 & /ill less )9 ^? ( temples2 to d s w\ld h be5 no less an (f5ce ?an sacrilege4 ,x 0 n !n z x is at pres5t 9 our *ur*es1 9 :i*1 = a sum ( money1 o/5tati\s & b>b>\s vanity is all[$ to deposit ! dead bodies ( weal?y citiz5s1 infect+ ! v place :]e m5 assemble to adore _! ,god 9 purity1 & :]e inc5se seems to be burn$ solely to c\nt]act ! /5* ( c>casses2 :ile ! poor] classes are deposit$ 9 ! adjo9+ cemet]y2 & bo? unite _! fatal influ5ce to spread contagion among survivors4 ,! emp]ors 7 almo/ ! only p]sons ^: a%es 7 p]mitt$ to repose 9 ! monum5ts erect$ at ,rome4 ,highways1 sixty feet 9 wid?1 occupy too mu* l&2 x is ab\t =ty feet m ?an necess>y4 ,france measures two hundr$ leagues1 or !reab\ts1 f ! m\? ( ! ,rhone to ! extremity ( ,brittany1 & ab\t ! same f ,p]pignan to ,dunkirk2 reckon+ ! league at two ?\s& five hundr$ toises4 ,?is calculation requires1 m]ely = two great roads1 a hundr$ & tw5ty millions ( squ>e feet ( l&1 all :i* mu/ ( c\rse be lo/ to agriculture4 ,?is loss is v consid]able 9 a c\ntry :]e ! h>ve/s are by no means always abundant4 ,an attempt 0 made to pave ! high road f ,orleans1 :i* 0 n ( ! wid? above m5tion$2 b x 0 se51 9 no long "t1 t no?+ c\ld be worse contriv$ = a road con/antly cov]$ ) heavy c>riages4 ,( ^! hewn pav+ /ones laid on ! gr\nd1 "s w be con/antly s9k+1 & o!rs ris+ above ! correct level1 & ! road becomes rugg$1 brok51 & impracticable2 x 0 !re=e f\nd necess>y t ! plan %\ld be ab&on$4 ,roads cov]$ ) gravel & s& require a r5ewal ( labor e ye>2 ?is labor int]f]es ) ! cultivation ( l&1 & is ru9\s to agriculture4 ,m4 ,turgot1 son ( ! mayor ( ,p>is--^: "n is nev] m5tion$ 9 t city b ) bless+s1 & :o 0 "o ( ! mo/ enlight5$1 patriotic1 & zeal\s ( magi/rates--& ! humane & b5efic5t ,m4 de ,fontette h done all 9 _! p[]1 9 ! prov9ces ( ,lim\s9 & ,norm&y1 to correct ?is mo/ s]i\s inconv5i5ce4 ,x has be5 cont5d$ t we %\ld foll[ ! example ( ,augu/us & ,trajan1 & employ our troops 9 ! con/ruction ( highways4 ,b 9 t case ! soldi] mu/ necess>ily h an increase ( pay2 & a k+dom1 :i* 0 no?+ b a prov9ce ( ! ,roman ,empire1 & :i* is (t5 involv$ 9 debt1 c r>ely engage 9 su* und]tak+s z ! ,roman ,empire accompli%$ )\t difficulty4 ,x is a v comm5dable practice 9 ! ,l[ ,c\ntries1 to require ! paym5t ( a mod]ate toll f all c>riages1 9 ord] to keep ! public roads 9 prop] repair4 ,! burd5 is a v light "o4 ,! peasant is reliev$ f ! old sy/em ( vexation & oppression1 & ! roads are 9 su* f9e pres]vation z to =m ev5 an agreeable cont9u$ prom5ade4 ,canals are mu* m useful /ill4 ,! ,*9ese surpass all o!r p 9 ^! works1 :i* require cont9ual att5tion & repair4 ,l\is ,,xiv41 ,colb]t1 & ,riquet1 h immortaliz$ !mselves by ! canal :i* jo9s ! two seas4 ,!y h nev] be5 z yet imitat$4 ,x is no difficult matt] to travel ?r\gh a great "p ( ,france by canals4 ,no?+ c\ld be m easy 9 ,g]many ?an to jo9 ! ,rh9e to ! ,danube2 b m5 appe> to pref] ru9+ "o ano!r's =tunes1 & cutt+ ea* o!r's ?roats ab\t a few paltry villages1 to ext5d+ ! gr& means ( human happ9ess4 ,,rod4 ,! ,!urgi/s & anci5t sages _h always a rod ) :i* !y op]at$4 ,m]cury passes = ! fir/ ^: rod work$ miracles4 ,x is ass]t$ t ,zoroa/] also bore a great rod4 ,! rod ( ! anci5t ,bac*us 0 8 ,?yrsus1 ) :i* he sep>at$ ! wat]s ( ! ,orontes1 ! ,hydaspus1 & ! ,r$ ,sea4 ,! rod ( ,h]cules 0 8 club4 ,py?agoras 0 always repres5t$ ) 8 rod4 ,x is said x 0 ( gold2 & x is n surpris+ t1 hav+ a ?igh ( gold1 he %\ld possess a rod ( ! same metal4 ,ab>is1 prie/ ( ! hyp]borean ,apollo1 :o x is pret5d$ 0 contempor>y ) ,py?agoras1 0 /ill m fam\s = 8 rod4 ,x 0 inde$ only ( wood1 b he trav]s$ ! air a/ride ( x4 ,porphyry & ,iambli*us pret5d t ^! two gr& ,!urgi/s1 ,ab>is & ,py?agoras1 amicably exhibit$ _! rods to ea* o!r4 ,! rod1 ) sages1 0 at all times a sign ( _! sup]iority4 ,! sorc]]s ( ! privy c\ncil ( ,ph>aoh at fir/ effect$ z _m feats ) _! rods z ,moses ) 8 own4 ,! judici\s ,calmet in=ms u1 9 8 ,diss]tation on ! ,book ( ,exodus1 t ^! op]ations ( ! ,magi 7 n miracles1 prop]ly speak+1 b metamorphoses1 viz43 s+ul> & difficult inde$1 b nev]!less nei!r contr>y to nor above ! laws ( nature4 ,! rod ( ,moses _h ! sup]iority1 :i* x ought to h1 ov] ^? ( ! ,*ot9s ( ,egypt4 ,n only did ! rod ( ,a>on %>e 9 ! honor ( ! prodigies ( t ( 8 bro!r ,moses1 b he p]=m$ "s admirable ?+s ) 8 own4 ,no "o c be ignorant t1 out ( ?irte5 rods1 ,a>on's alone blossom$1 & bore buds & fl[]s ( almonds4 ,! devil1 :o1 z is well kn[n1 is a wick$ ap] ( ! de$s ( sa9ts1 w\ld also h 8 rod or w&1 ) :i* he gratifi$ ! sorc]]s3 ,m$ea & ,circe 7 always arm$ ) ?is my/]i\s in/rum5t4 ,h5ce1 a magician nev] appe>s at ! op]a )\t 8 rod1 & on :i* acc\nt !y call _! p>ts1 rles de baguette4 ,no p]=m] ) cups & balls c manage 8 hey pre/o6 )\t 8 rod or w&4 ,spr+s ( wat] & hidd5 treasures are discov]$ by means ( a rod made ( a hazel twig1 :i* fails n to press ! h& ( a fool :o holds x too fa/1 b :i* turns ab\t easily 9 t ( a knave4 ,m4 ,=mey1 secret>y ( ! academy ( ,b]l91 expla9s ?is ph5om5on by t ( ! load/one4 ,all ! conjur]s ( pa/ times1 x 0 ?\ght1 repair$ to a sabba? or assembly on a magic rod or on a broom-/ick2 & judges1 :o 7 no conjur]s1 burn$ !m4 ,bir*5 rods are =m$ ( a h&ful ( twigs ( t tree ) :i* malefactors are sc\rg$ on ! back4 ,x is indec5t & %ameful to sc\rge 9 ?is mann] ! po/]iors ( "y boys & girls2 a puni%m5t :i* 0 =m]ly t ( slaves4 ,i h se51 9 "s colleges1 b>b>ians :o h /ripp$ *ildr5 almo/ nak$2 a k9d ( execution]1 (t5 intoxicat$1 lac]ate !m ) long rods1 :i* frequ5tly cov]$ !m ) blood1 & produc$ extreme inflammation4 ,o!rs /ruck !m m g5tly1 :i* f natural causes has be5 kn[n to produce consequ5ces1 especially 9 females1 sc>cely less disgu/+4 ,by an incompreh5sible species ( police1 ! ,jesuits ( ,p>aguay :ipp$ ! fa!rs & mo!rs ( families on _! po/]iors4 ,_h !re be5 no o!r motive = driv+ out ! ,jesuits1 t w\ld h suffic$4 ,,rome 7,,c\rt ,,(74 ,be=e ! "t ( ,con/ant9e1 ! bi%op ( ,rome 0 consid]$ by ! ,roman magi/rates1 :o 7 unacqua9t$ ) our holy religion1 only z ! *ief ( a sect1 frequ5tly tol]at$ by ! gov]nm5t1 b frequ5tly exp]i5c+ f x capital puni%m5t4 ,! names ( ! fir/ disciples1 :o 7 by bir? ,jews1 & ( _! successors1 :o gov]n$ ! little flock conceal$ 9 ! imm5se city ( ,rome1 7 absolutely unkn[n by all ! ,lat9 writ]s4 ,we well "k t ev]y?+ 0 *ang$1 & 9 :at mann] ev]y?+ 0 *ang$ "u ,con/ant9e4 ,! bi%op ( ,rome1 protect$ & enri*$ z he 01 0 always 9 subjection to ! emp]ors1 l ! bi%op ( ,con/ant9ople1 & ( ,nicom$ia1 & e o!r1 n mak+ ev5 ! slighte/ pret5sion to ! %ad[ ( sov]eign au?ority4 ,fatality1 :i* guides ! affairs ( ! univ]se1 f9ally e/abli%$ ! p[] ( ! ecclesia/ical ,roman c\rt1 by ! h&s ( ! b>b>ians :o de/roy$ ! empire4 ,! anci5t religion1 "u :i* ! ,romans _h be5 victori\s = su* a s]ies ( ages1 exi/$ /ill 9 ! he>ts ( ! population1 not)/&+ all ! ef=ts ( p]secution1 :51 9 ! f\r hundr$ & eigh? ye> ( our era1 ,al>ic invad$ ,italy & beseig$ ,rome4 ,pope ,innoc5t ,i4 inde$ did n ?9k prop] to =bid ! inhabitants ( t city sacrific+ to ! gods 9 ! capitol1 & 9 ! o!r temples1 9 ord] to obta9 ! assi/ance ( heav5 aga9/ ! ,go?s4 ,b ?is same ,pope ,innoc5t1 if we may cr$it ,zosimus & ,orosius1 0 "o ( ! deputation s5t to treat ) ,al>ic1 a circum/ance :i* %[s t ! pope 0 at t "t reg>d$ z a p]son ( consid]able consequ5ce4 ,:5 ,attila came to ravage ,italy 9 #deb1 by ! same "r :i* ! ,romans !mselves _h ex]cis$ ov] s _m & su* p[]ful nations2 by ! "r ( ,clovis1 ( ! ,go?s1 ( ! ,v&als1 & ! ,h]uli1 ! emp]or s5t ,pope ,leo ,i41 assi/$ by two p]sonages ( consul> dignity1 to negotiate ) t conqu]or4 ,i h no d\bt1 t agreeably to :at we are positively told1 ,/4 ,leo 0 accompani$ by an angel1 arm$ ) a flam+ sword1 :i* made ! k+ ( ! ,huns tremble1 al?\gh he _h no fai? 9 angels1 & a s+le sword 0 n exce$+ly likely to inspire him ) fe>4 ,?is miracle is v f9ely pa9t$ 9 ! ,vatican1 & no?+ c be cle>] ?an t x nev] w\ld h be5 pa9t$ unless x _h actually be5 true4 ,:at p>ticul>ly vexes & p]plexes me is ?is angel's suff]+ ,aquileia1 & ! :ole ( ,illyria1 to be sack$ & ravag$1 & also 8 n prev5t+ ,g5s]ic1 at a lat] p]iod1 f giv+ up ,rome to 8 soldi]s = f\rte5 days ( plund]4 ,x 0 evid5tly n ! angel ( ext]m9ation4 ,"u ! ex>*s1 ! cr$it & influ5ce ( ! popes augm5t$1 b ev5 !n !y _h n ! smalle/ degree ( civil p[]4 ,! ,roman bi%op1 elect$ by ! p1 crav$ protection = ! bi%op1 ( ! ex>* ( ,rav5na1 :o _h ! p[] ( confirm+ or ( cancell+ ! election4 ,aft] ! ex>*ate 0 de/roy$ by ! ,lomb>ds1 ! ,lomb>d k+s 7 desir\s ( becom+ ma/]s also ( ! city ( ,rome2 no?+ c\ld c]ta9ly be m natural4 ,pep91 ! usurp] ( ,france1 w\ld n suff] ! ,lomb>ds to usurp t capital1 & s become too p[]ful aga9/ himself2 no?+ aga9 c be m natural ?an ?is4 ,x is pret5d$ t ,pep9 & 8 son ,*>lemagne gave to ! ,roman bi%ops _m l&s ( ! ex>*ate1 :i* 0 designat$ ! ,ju/ices ( ,/4 ,pet]--les ,ju/ices de ,/4 ,pi]re4 ,su* is ! real orig9 ( _! temporal p[]4 ,f ?is p]iod1 ^! bi%ops appe> to h assidu\sly ex]t$ !mselves to obta9 some?+ ( r m consid]ation & ( m consequ5ce ?an ^! ju/ices4 ,we are 9 possession ( a lett] f ,pope ,arian ,i4 to ,*>lemagne1 9 :i* he says1 ,! pi\s lib]ality ( ! emp]or ,con/ant9e ! ,great1 ( sacr$ memory1 rais$ & exalt$1 9 ! "t ( ! bless$ ,roman ,pontiff1 ,sylve/]1 ! holy ,roman ,*ur*1 & conf]r$ ^u x 8 own p[] 9 ?is portion ( ,italy4 ,f ?is "t1 we p]ceive1 x 0 attempt$ to make ! _w believe 9 :at is call$ ! ,donation ( ,con/ant9e1 :i* 01 9 ! sequel1 = a p]iod ( five hundr$ ye>s1 n m]ely reg>d$ z an article ( fai?1 b an inconte/able tru?4 ,to ent]ta9 d\bts on ! subject ( ?is donation includ$ at once ! crime ( treason & ! guilt ( mortal s94 ,aft] ! dea? ( ,*>lemagne1 ! bi%op augm5t$ 8 au?ority 9 ,rome f day to day2 b c5turies pass$ away be=e he came to be consid]$ z a sov]eign pr9ce4 ,rome _h = a long p]iod a patrician municipal gov]nm5t4 ,pope ,john ,,xii41 :om ,o?o ,i41 emp]or ( ,g]many1 procur$ to be depos$ 9 a sort ( c\ncil1 9 #ifc1 z simoniacal1 ince/u\s1 sodomitical1 an a!i/1 9 league ) ! devil1 0 ! fir/ man 9 ,italy z patrician & consul1 be=e he became bi%op ( ,rome2 & not)/&+ all ^! titles & claims1 not)/&+ ! influ5ce ( ! celebrat$ ,m>osia1 8 "m1 8 au?ority 0 always que/ion$ & conte/$4 ,gregory ,,vii41 :o f ! rank ( a monk became pope1 & pret5d$ to depose k+s & be/[ empires1 f> f be+ 9 fact complete ma/] ( ,rome1 di$ "u ! protection1 or r z ! prison] ( ^? ,norman pr9ces :o conqu]$ ! two ,sicilies1 ( :i* he consid]$ himself ! p>am\nt "l4 ,9 ! gr& s*ism ( ! ,we/1 ! popes :o cont5d$ = ! empire ( ! _w frequ5tly support$ !mselves on alms4 ,x is a fact n a little extraord9>y t ! popes did n become ri* till aft] ! p]iod :5 !y d>$ n to exhibit !mselves at ,rome4 ,accord+ to ,villani1 ,b]tr& de ,go?1 ,clem5t ,v4 ( ,bordeaux1 :o pass$ 8 life 9 ,france1 sold b5efices publicly1 & at 8 dea? left beh9d him va/ treasures4 ,! same ,villani ass]ts t he di$ wor? tw5ty-five millions ( gold flor9s4 ,/4 ,pet]'s patrimony c\ld n c]ta9ly h br\ght him su* a sum4 ,9 a ^w1 d[n to ! "t ( ,innoc5t ,,viii41 :o1 made himself ma/] ( ! ca/le ( ,/4 ,angelo1 ! popes nev] possess$ 9 ,rome actual sov]eignty4 ,_! spiritual au?ority 0 und\bt$ly ! f\ndation ( _! temporal2 b _h !y conf9$ !mselves to imitat+ ! conduct ( ,/4 ,pet]1 ^: place x 0 pret5d$ !y fill$1 !y w\ld nev] h obta9$ any o!r k+dom ?an t ( heav54 ,_! policy always contriv$ to prev5t ! emp]ors f e/abli%+ !mselves at ,rome1 not)/&+ ! f9e & flatt]+ title ( k+ ( ! ,romans4 ,! ,guelph faction always prevail$ 9 ,italy ov] ! ,ghibell9e4 ,! ,romans 7 m dispos$ to obey an ,italian prie/ ?an a ,g]man k+4 ,9 ! civil w>s1 :i* ! qu>rel betwe5 ! empire & ! prie/hood excit$ & kept alive = a p]iod ( five hundr$ ye>s1 _m lords obta9$ sov]eignties1 sometimes 9 quality ( vic>s ( ! empire1 & sometimes 9 t ( vic>s ( ! ,holy ,see4 ,su* 7 ! pr9ces ( ,e/e at ,f]r>a1 ! ,b5tivoglios at ,bologna1 ! ,malate/as at ,rim9i1 ! ,manfr$is at ,fa5za1 ! ,bagliones at ,p]\se1 ! ,urs9s 9 ,anguill>a & 9 ,s]veti1 ! ,collonas 9 ,o/ia1 ! ,ri>ios at ,=li1 ! ,montefeltros 9 ,urb9o1 ! ,v>anos 9 ,cam]9o1 & ! ,grav9as 9 ,s5igaglia4 ,all ^! lords _h z mu* "r to ! t]ritories !y possess$ z ! popes _h to ! patrimony ( ,/4 ,pet]2 bo? 7 f\nd$ ^u donations4 ,x is kn[n 9 :at mann] ,pope ,alex&] ,,vi4 made use ( 8 ba/>d to invade & take possession ( all ^! pr9cipalities4 ,k+ ,l\is ,,xii4 obta9$ f t pope ! cancell+ ( 8 m>riage1 aft] a cohabitation ( eighte5 ye>s1 on condition ( 8 assi/+ ! usurp]4 ,! assass9ations committ$ by ,clovis to ga9 possession ( ! t]ritories ( ! petty k+s :o 7 8 neighbors1 be> no comp>ison to ! horrors exhibit$ on ?is occasion by ,alex&] & 8 son4 ,! hi/ory ( ,n]o himself is less abom9able2 ! atrocity ( ^: crimes 0 n increas$ by ! pretext ( religion2 & x is wor? obs]v+1 t at ! v "t ^! diabolical excesses 7 p]=m$1 ! k+s ( ,spa9 & ,portugal 7 su+ to t pope1 "o ( !m = ,am]ica1 & ! o!r = ,asia1 :i* ! mon/] accord+ly grant$ !m 9 ! "n ( t ,god he pret5d$ to repres5t4 ,x is also wor? obs]v+ t n few] ?an a hundr$ ?\s& pilgrims flock$ to 8 jubilee & pro/rat$ !mselves 9 adoration ( 8 p]son4 ,julius ,,ii4 complet$ :at ,alex&] _h begun4 ,l\is ,,xii41 born to become ! dupe ( all 8 neighbors1 assi/$ ,julius 9 seiz+ ^u ,bologna & ,p]\se4 ,t un=tunate mon>*1 9 return = 8 s]vices1 0 driv5 out ( ,italy1 & excommunicat$ by ! v pope :om ! ar*bi%op ( ,au*1 ! k+'s ambassador at ,rome1 address$ ) ! words y\r wick$ness1 in/ead ( y\r hol9ess4 ,to complete 8 mortification1 ,anne ( ,brittany1 8 wife1 a woman z dev\t z %e 0 imp]i\s1 told him 9 pla9 t]ms1 t he w\ld be damn$ = go+ to w> ) ! pope4 ,if ,leo ,x4 & ,clem5t ,,vii4 lo/ s _m /ates :i* )drew f ! papal communion1 _! p[] cont9u$ no less absolute ?an be=e ov] ! prov9ces :i* /ill adh]$ to ! ,ca?olic fai?4 ,! c\rt ( ,rome excommunicat$ ! emp]or ,h5ry ,,iii41 & decl>$ ,h5ry ,,iv4 unwor?y to reign4 ,x /ill draws l>ge sums f all ! ,ca?olic /ates ( ,g]many1 f ,hung>y1 ,pol&1 ,spa91 & ,france4 ,its ambassadors take prec$5ce ( all o!rs2 x is no long] suffici5tly p[]ful to c>ry on w>2 & its weakness is 9 fact its happ9ess4 ,! ecclesia/ical /ate is ! only "o t has regul>ly enjoy$ ! advantages ( peace s9ce ! sack+ ( ,rome by ! troops ( ,*>les ,v4 ,x appe>s1 t ! popes h be5 (t5 treat$ l ! gods ( ! ,japanese1 :o are sometimes pres5t$ ) (f]+s ( gold1 & sometimes ?r[n into ! riv]4 ,,samo?race4 ,:e!r ! celebrat$ isle ( ,samo?race be at ! m\? ( ! riv] ,hebrus1 z x is said to be 9 almo/ all ! geographical diction>ies1 or :e!r x be tw5ty miles di/ant f x1 :i* is 9 fact ! case1 is n :at ,i am n[ inve/igat+4 ,?is isle 0 = a long "t ! mo/ fam\s 9 ! :ole ar*ipelago1 & ev5 9 ! :ole _w4 ,its deities call$ ,cabiri1 its hi]ophants1 & its my/]ies1 conf]r$ ^u x z mu* reputation z 0 obta9$ n long s9ce by ,/4 ,patrick's cave 9 ,irel&4 ,?is ,samo?race1 ! mod]n "n ( :i* is ,sam&ra*i1 is a rock cov]$ ) a v ?9 & b>r5 soil1 & inhabit$ by poor fi%]m54 ,!y w\ld be extremely surpris$ at be+ told ( ! glory :i* 0 =m]ly connect$ ) _! isl&2 & !y w\ld probably ask1 ,:at is glory8 ,i inquire1 :at 7 ^! hi]ophants1 ^! holy free masons1 :o celebrat$ _! anci5t my/]ies 9 ,samo?race1 & :5ce did !y & _! gods ,cabiri come8 ,x is n probable t ^! poor p came f ,phnicia1 z ,bo*>t inf]s by a long tra9 ( ,hebrew etymologies1 & z ! ,abb ,b>ri]1 aft] him1 is ( op9ion also4 ,x is n 9 ?is mann] t gods ga9 e/abli%m5ts 9 ! _w4 ,!y are l conqu]ors :o subjugate nations1 n all at once1 b "o aft] ano!r4 ,! di/ance f ,phnicia to ?is wret*$ isl& is too great to admit ( ! supposition t ! gods ( ! weal?y ,sidon & ! pr\d ,tyre %\ld come to coop !mselves up 9 ?is h]mitage4 ,hi]ophants are n su* fools4 ,! fact is1 t !re 7 gods ( ! ,cabiri1 prie/s ( ! ,cabiri1 & my/]ies ( ! ,cabiri1 9 ?is contemptible & mis]able isl&4 ,n only does ,h]odotus m5tion !m1 b ! ,phnician hi/orian ,san*onia?on1 :o liv$ long be=e ,h]odotus1 speaks ( !m 9 ^? fragm5ts :i* h be5 s =tunately pres]v$ by ,eusebius4 ,:at is worse /ill1 ?is ,san*onia?on1 :o c]ta9ly liv$ be=e ! p]iod 9 :i* ,moses fl\ri%$1 cites ! great ,?aut1 ! fir/ ,h]mes1 ! fir/ ,m]cury ( ,egypt2 & ?is same great ,?aut liv$ eight hundr$ ye>s be=e ,san*onia?on1 z t ,phnician ackn[l$ges himself4 ,! ,cabiri 7 !re=e 9 e/imation & honor two ?\s& & ?ree or f\r hundr$ ye>s be=e ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,n[1 if y are desir\s ( kn[+ :5ce ^? gods ( ! ,cabiri1 e/abli%$ 9 ,samo?race1 came1 does x n seem probable t !y came f ,?race1 ! c\ntry ne>e/ to t isl&1 & t t small isl& 0 grant$ !m z a !atre on :i* to act _! f>ces1 & pick up a little money8 ,orpheus might v possibly be ! prime m9/rel ( ^! gods4 ,b :o 7 ^! gods8 ,!y 7 :at all ! gods ( antiquity 71 phantoms inv5t$ by co>se & vulg> knaves1 sculptur$ by artisans co>s] /ill1 & ador$ by brutes hav+ ! "n ( m54 ,!re 7 ?ree sorts ( ,cabiri2 =1 z we h already obs]v$1 ev]y?+ 9 antiquity 0 done by ?rees4 ,orpheus c\ld n h made 8 appe>ance 9 ! _w until long aft] ! inv5tion ( ^! ?ree gods2 = he admits only "o 9 8 my/]ies4 ,i am mu* dispos$ to consid] ,orpheus z hav+ be5 a /rict ,soc9ian4 ,i reg>d ! anci5t gods ,cabiri z hav+ be5 ! fir/ gods ( ,?race1 :atev] ,greek names may h be5 aft]w>ds giv5 to !m4 ,!re is some?+1 h[ev]1 /ill m curi\s1 respect+ ! hi/ory ( ,samo?race4 ,we "k t ,greece & ,?race 7 =m]ly afflict$ by _m inundations4 ,we h read ( ! deluges ( ,deucaleon & ,ogyges4 ,! isle ( ,samo?race boa/$ ( a yet m anci5t deluge2 & its deluge corresponds1 9 po9t ( "t1 ) ! p]iod 9 :i* x is cont5d$ t ! anci5t k+ ( ,?race1 ,xixut]1 liv$1 :om we h spok5 ( "u ! article on ,ar>at4 ,y may probably recollect t ! gods ( ,xixut]1 or ,xissut]1 :o 7 9 all probability ! ,cabiri1 comm&$ him to build a vessel ab\t ?irty ?\s& feet long1 & a hundr$ & twelve wide2 t ?is vessel sail$ = a long "t ov] ! m\nta9s ( ,arm5ia dur+ ! deluge2 t1 hav+ tak5 on bo>d ) him "s pigeons & _m o!r dome/ic animals1 he let loose 8 pigeons to asc]ta9 :e!r ! wat]s _h )drawn2 & t !y return$ cov]$ ) dirt & slime1 :i* induc$ ,xixut] to resolve on disemb>k+ f 8 imm5se vessel4 ,y w say t x is a mo/ extraord9>y circum/ance t ,san*onia?on does n make any m5tion ( ?is curi\s adv5ture4 ,i reply1 t x is impossible = u to decide :e!r x 0 m5tion$ 9 8 hi/ory or n1 z ,eusebius1 :o has only transmitt$ to u "s fragm5ts ( ?is v anci5t hi/orian1 _h no p>ticul> inducem5t to quote any passage t might h exi/$ 9 8 "w respect+ ! %ip & pigeons4 ,b]osus1 h[ev]1 relates ! case1 & he connects x ) ! m>vell\s1 accord+ to ! g5]al practice ( ! anci5ts4 ,! inhabitants ( ,samo?race _h erect$ monum5ts ( ?is deluge4 ,:at is m extraord9>y & a/oni%+ /ill is1 z inde$ we h already p>tly rem>k$1 t nei!r ,greece nor ,?race1 nor ! p ( any o!r c\ntry1 ev] knew any?+ ( ! real & great deluge1 ! deluge ( ,noah4 ,h[ c\ld x be possible1 we once m ask1 t an ev5t s awful & appall+ z t ( ! subm]sion ( ! :ole e>? %\ld be unkn[n by ! survivors8 ,h[ c\ld ! "n ( our common fa!r1 ,noah1 :o re-peopl$ ! _w1 be unkn[n to all ^? :o 7 indebt$ to him = life8 ,x is ! mo/ prodigi\s ( all progidies1 t1 ( s _m gr&*ildr51 n "o %\ld h ev] spok5 ( 8 gr&fa!r6 ,i h appli$ to all ! le>n$ m5 t ,i h se51 & said1 ,h y ev] met ) any old "w 9 ,greek1 ,tuscan1 ,arabian1 ,egyptian1 ,*aldan1 ,indian1 ,p]sian1 or ,*9ese1 9 :i* ! "n ( ,noah is to be f\nd8 ,!y h all repli$ 9 ! negative4 ,?is is a fact t p]petually p]plexes & conf\nds me4 ,b t ! hi/ory ( ?is univ]sal inundation %\ld be f\nd 9 a s+le page ( a book writt5 9 ! wild]ness by fugitives1 & t ?is page %\ld h be5 unkn[n to all ! re/ ( ! _w till ab\t n9e hundr$ ye>s aft] ! f\ndation ( ,rome--?is p]fectly petrifies me4 ,i _c n recov] f its impression4 ,! effect is completely ov]p[]+4 ,my wor?y read]1 let u bo? toge!r exclaim3 ,o altitudo ignoranti>um6 ,illu/ration3 ,samson ,de/roy+ ! ,temple4 ,,samson4 ,9 quality ( poor alphabetical compil]s1 collectors ( anecdotes1 ga!r]s ( trifles1 pick]s ( rags at ! corn]s ( ! /reets1 we glorify ourselves ) all ! pride atta*$ to our sublime sci5ce1 on hav+ discov]$ t ,samson ! ,/rong1 a trag$y1 0 play$ at ! close ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 9 ! t[n ( ,r\51 & t x 0 pr9t$ by ,abraham ,c\turi]4 ,john ,milton1 = a long "t a s*oolma/] ( ,london1 aft]w>ds ,lat9 secret>y to ! protector1 ,cromwell--,milton1 ! au?or ( ,p>adise ,lo/ & ,p>adise ,rega9$--wrote ! trag$y ( ,samson ,agoni/es2 & x is v un=tunate t we _c tell 9 :at ye>4 ,we "k1 h[ev]1 t x has be5 pr9t$ ) a preface1 9 :i* mu* is boa/$1 by "o ( our bre?r51 ! comm5tator nam$ ,p>u1 :o fir/ p]ceiv$ by ! =ce ( 8 g5ius1 t ! ,apocalypse is a trag$y4 ,on ! /r5g? ( ?is discov]y he divid$ ! ,apocalypse into five acts1 & ins]t$ *oruses wor?y ( ! elegance & f9e nature ( ! piece4 ,! au?or ( ?is preface speaks to u ( ! f9e trag$ies ( ,/4 ,gregory ( ,nazianz54 ,he ass]ts1 t a trag$y %\ld nev] h m ?an five acts1 & to prove x1 he gives u ! ,samson ,agoni/es ( ,milton1 :i* has b "o4 ,^? :o l elaborate declamation w be satisfi$ ) ?is piece4 ,a com$y ( ,samson 0 play$ = a long "t 9 ,italy4 ,a translation ( x 0 made 9 ,p>is 9 #agag1 by "o nam$ ,romagnesi2 x 0 repres5t$ on ! ,fr5* !atre ( ! pret5d$ ,italian com$y1 =m]ly ! palace ( ! dukes ( ,burgundy4 ,x 0 publi%$1 & d$icat$ to ! duke ( ,orleans1 reg5t ( ,france4 ,9 ?is sublime piece1 ,arlequ91 ! s]vant ( ,samson1 fights ) a turkey-cock1 :il/ 8 ma/] c>ries (f ! gates ( ,gaza on 8 %\ld]s4 ,9 #agcb1 x 0 wi%$ to repres5t1 at ! op]a ( ,p>is1 a trag$y ( ,samson1 set to music by ! celebrat$ ,rameau2 b x 0 n p]mitt$4 ,!re 0 nei!r ,arlequ9 nor turkey-cock2 b ! ?+ appe>$ too s]i\s2 besides1 c]ta9 p 7 v glad to mortify ,rameau1 :o possess$ great tal5ts4 ,yet at t "t !y p]=m$ ! op]a ( ,jeph?ah1 extract$ f ! ,old ,te/am5t1 & ! com$y ( ! ,prodigal ,son1 f ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,!re is an old edition ( ! ,samson ,agoni/es ( ,milton1 prec$$ by an abridgm5t ( ! hi/ory ( ! h]o4 ,! foll[+ is ?is abridgm5t3 ,! ,jews1 to :om ,god promis$ by oa? all ! c\ntry :i* is betwe5 ! riv] ( ,egypt & ! ,euphrates1 & :o ?r\gh _! s9s nev] _h ?is c\ntry1 7 on ! contr>y r$uc$ to s]vitude1 :i* slav]y la/$ = =ty ye>s4 ,n[ !re 0 a ,jew ( ! tribe ( ,dan1 nam$ ,manoah2 & ! wife ( ?is ,manoah 0 b>r52 & an angel appe>$ to ?is woman1 & said to h]1 ,behold1 ?\ %alt conceive & be> a son2 & n[ dr9k no w9e nor /rong dr9k1 nei!r eat any unclean ?+2 = ! *ild %all be a ,naz>ite to ,god1 f ! womb to ! day ( 8 dea?4 ,! angel aft]w>ds appe>$ to ! husb& & wife2 !y gave him a kid to eat2 he w\ld h none ( x1 & disappe>$ 9 ! mid/ ( ! smoke2 & ! woman said1 ,we %all surely die1 because we h se5 ,god2 b !y di$ n4 ,! slave ,samson be+ born1 0 consecrat$ a ,naz>ite4 ,z soon z he 0 gr[n up1 ! fir/ ?+ he did 0 to g to ! ,phnician or ,phili/9e t[n ( ,timna?1 to c\rt a daught] ( "o ( 8 ma/]s1 :om he m>ri$4 ,9 go+ to 8 mi/ress he met a lion1 & tore him 9 pieces ) 8 nak$ h&1 z he w\ld h done a kid4 ,"s days aft]1 he f\nd a sw>m ( bees 9 ! ?roat ( ! dead lion1 ) "s honey1 ?\gh bees nev] re/ on c>rion4 ,!n he propos$ ?is enigma to 8 companions3 ,out ( ! eat] came =? meat1 & out ( ! /rong came =? sweetness3 if y guess1 ,i w give y ?irty tunics & ?irty g[ns2 if n1 y %all give me ?irty g[ns & ?irty tunics4 ,! comrades1 n be+ able to guess 9 :at ! solution ( ! enigma consi/$1 ga9$ ov] ! "y wife ( ,samson2 %e drew ! secret f h] husb&1 & he 0 oblig$ to give !m ?irty tunics & ?irty g[ns4 ,ah1 said he to !m1 if ye _h n pl\gh$ ) my heif]1 ye w\ld n h f\nd out my riddle4 ,soon aft]1 ! fa!r-9-law ( ,samson gave ano!r husb& to 8 daught]4 ,samson1 enrag$ at hav+ lo/ 8 wife1 imm$iately caught ?ree hundr$ foxes1 ti$ !m two toge!r by ! tails ) light$ firebr&s1 & !y fir$ ! corn ( ! ,phili/9es4 ,! ,jewi% slaves1 n be+ will+ to be puni%$ by _! ma/]s = ! exploits ( ,samson1 surpris$ him 9 ! cav]n 9 :i* he dwelt1 ti$ him ) great ropes1 & deliv]$ him to ! ,phili/9es4 ,z soon z he 0 9 ! mid/ ( !m1 he broke 8 cords1 & f9d+ ! jawbone ( an ass1 ) "o ef=t he kill$ a ?\s& ,phili/9es4 ,su* an ef=t mak+ him v w>m1 he 0 dy+ ( ?ir/1 on :i* ,god made a f\nta9 sp\t f "o ( ! tee? ( ! ass's jaw-bone4 ,samson1 hav+ drunk1 w5t into ,gaza1 a ,phili/9e t[n2 he !re imm$iately became smitt5 ) a c\rtesan4 ,z he slept ) h]1 ! ,phili/9es %ut ! gates ( ! t[n1 & surr\nd$ ! h\se1 :5 he arose1 took ! gates1 & c>ri$ !m away4 ,! ,phili/9es1 9 despair at n be+ able to ov]come ?is h]o1 address$ !mselves to ano!r c\rtesan nam$ ,delilah1 ) :om he aft]w>ds slept4 ,%e f9ally drew f him ! secret 9 :i* 8 /r5g? consi/$3 x 0 only necess>y to %ave him1 to r5d] him equal to o!r m54 ,he 0 %av$1 became weak1 & 8 eyes be+ put out1 he 0 made to turn a mill & to play on ! viol94 ,"o day1 :ile play+ 9 a ,phili/9e temple1 betwe5 two ( its columns1 he became indignant t ! ,phili/9es %\ld h column$ temples1 :il/ ! ,jews _h only a tab]nacle support$ on f\r poles4 ,he also felt t 8 hair began to gr[2 & be+ transport$ ) a holy zeal1 he pull$ d[n ! two pill>s2 by :i* concussion ! temple 0 ov]?r[n1 ! ,phili/9es 7 cru%$ to dea?1 & he ) !m4 ,su* is ?is preface1 ^w = ^w4 ,?is is ! hi/ory :i* is ! subject ( ! piece ( ,milton1 & ,romagnesi3 x is adapt$ to ,italian f>ce4 ,,saturn',s ,,r+4 ,?is a/oni%+ ph5om5on1 b n m a/oni%+ ?an o!rs1 ?is solid & lum9\s body1 :i* surr\nds ! planet ,saturn1 :i* x enlight5s1 & by :i* x is enlight5$1 :e!r by ! feeble reflection ( ! sun's rays1 or by "s unkn[n cause1 01 accord+ to a dream] :o calls himself a philosoph]1 =m]ly a sea4 ,?is sea1 accord+ to him1 has h>d5$ & become e>? or rock2 once x gravitat$ t[>ds two c5tres1 :]eas at pres5t x gravitates only t[>ds "o4 ,h[ pleasantly y proce$1 my +5i\s dream]6 h[ easily y trans=m wat] into rock6 ,ovid 0 no?+ 9 ! comp>ison4 ,:at a m>vell\s p[] y ex]cise ov] nature2 imag9ation by no means conf\nds y4 ,oh1 gre$9ess to utt] novelties6 ,oh1 fury = sy/ems6 ,oh1 weakness ( ! human m9d6 ,if anyone has spok5 ( ?is rev]ie 9 ! ,encyclopdia1 x is d\btless to ridicule x1 )\t :i* o!r nations w\ld h a "r to say3 ,behold ! use :i* ! ,fr5* make ( ! discov]y ( o!r p6 ,huygh5s discov]$ ! r+ ( ,saturn1 & calculat$ its appe>ances2 ,hook & ,flam/ead h done ! same ?+4 ,a ,fr5*man has discov]$ t ?is solid body 0 ev5 a circul> ocean1 & ?is ,fr5*man is n ,cyrano de ,b]g]ac6 ,,sc&al4 ,)\t inquir+ :e!r sc&al orig9ally meant a /one :i* might occasion p to /umble & fall1 or a qu>rel1 or a s$uction1 we consid] x "h m]ely 9 its pres5t s5se & acceptation4 ,a sc&al is a s]i\s indecorum :i* is us$ g5]ally 9 ref]5ce to ! cl]gy4 ,! tales ( ,fonta9e are lib]t9e or lic5ti\s2 _m passages ( ,san*ez1 ( ,tamb\r91 & ( ,mol9a are sc&al\s4 ,a man is sc&al\s by 8 writ+s or by 8 conduct4 ,! siege :i* ! ,augu/9s ma9ta9$ aga9/ ! patrol1 at ! "t ( ! ,fronde1 0 sc&al\s4 ,! bankruptcy ( ! bro!r ,la ,valette1 ( ! ,society ( ,jesuits1 0 m ?an sc&al\s4 ,! lawsuit c>ri$ on by ! rev]5d fa!rs ( ! ord] ( ! ,capu*9s ( ,p>is1 9 #agfd1 0 a mo/ satisfactory & delightful sc&al to ?\s&s4 ,= ! edification ( ! read]1 a ^w or two ^u t subject 9 ?is place w n be ill employ$4 ,^! rev]5d fa!rs _h be5 fight+ 9 _! conv5t2 "s ( !m _h hidd5 _! money1 & o!rs _h /ol5 ! conceal$ treasure4 ,up to ?is po9t ! sc&al 0 only p>ticul>1 a /one aga9/ :i* only ,capu*9s c\ld trip & tumble2 b :5 ! affair 0 br\ght be=e ! p>liam5t1 ! sc&al became public4 ,x is /at$ 9 ! plead+s 9 ! cause1 t ! conv5t ( ! ,/4 ,honor consumes twelve hundr$ p\nds ( bread a week1 & meat & wood 9 proportion2 & t !re are f\r collect+ fri>s1 quteurs1 ^: (fice x is1 con=mably to ! t]m1 to raise contributions 9 ! city4 ,:at a frightful1 dreadful sc&al6 ,twelve hundr$ p\nds ( meat & bread p] week = a few ,capu*9s1 :ile s _m artisans ov]:elm$ ) old age1 & s _m respectable wid[s1 are expos$ to langui% 9 want1 & die 9 mis]y6 ,t ! rev]5d fa!r ,doro!us %\ld h accumulat$ an income ( ?ree ?\s& livres a ye> at ! exp5se ( ! conv5t1 & consequ5tly ( ! public1 is n only an enorm\s sc&al1 b an absolute robb]y1 & a robb]y committ$ ^u ! mo/ ne$y class ( citiz5s 9 ,p>is2 = ! poor are ! p]sons :o pay ! tax impos$ by ! m5dicant monks4 ,! ignorance & weakness ( ! p make !m imag9e t !y c nev] obta9 heav5 )\t p>t+ ) _! absolute necess>ies1 f :i* ^! monks d]ive _! sup]fluities4 ,?is s+le bro!r1 !re=e1 ! *ief ( ! conv5t1 ,doro!us1 to make up 8 income ( a ?\s& cr[ns a ye>1 mu/ h extort$ f ! poor ( ,p>is1 no less a sum ?an tw5ty ?\s& cr[ns4 ,consid]1 my good read]1 t su* cases are by no means r>e1 ev5 9 ?is eighte5? c5tury ( our era1 :i* has produc$ useful books to expose abuses & enlight5 m9ds2 b1 z ,i h be=e obs]v$1 ! p nev] read4 ,a s+le ,capu*91 ,recollet1 or ,c>melite is capable ( do+ m h>m ?an ! be/ books 9 ! _w w ev] be able to d good4 ,i w\ld v5ture to propose to ^? :o are really humane & well-dispos$1 to employ ?r\gh\t ! capital a c]ta9 numb] ( anti-,capu*9s & anti-,recollets1 to g ab\t f h\se to h\se exhort+ fa!rs & mo!rs to virtue1 & to keep _! money = ! ma9t5ance ( _! families1 & ! support ( _! old age2 to love ,god ) all _! he>ts1 b to give none ( _! money to monks4 ,let u return1 h[ev]1 to ! real mean+ ( ! ^w sc&al4 ,9 ! above-m5tion$ process on ! subject ( ! ,capu*9 conv5t1 ,bro!r ,gregory is accus$ ( be+ ! fa!r ( a *ild by ,mademoiselle ,bras-def]1 & ( hav+ h] aft]w>ds m>ri$ to ,m\t>d1 ! %oe-mak]4 ,x is n /at$ :e!r ,bro!r ,gregory himself be/[$ ! nuptial b5$iction on 8 mi/ress & poor ,m\t>d1 toge!r ) ! requir$ disp5sation4 ,if he did s1 ! sc&al is r5d]$ z complete z possible2 x includes =nication1 robb]y1 adult]y1 & sacrilege4 ,horresco ref]5s4 ,i say 9 ! fir/ place =nication1 z ,bro!r ,gregory committ$ t (f5ce ) ,magdal5e ,bras-def]1 :o 0 n at ! "t m ?an fifte5 ye>s ( age4 ,i also say robb]y1 z he gave an apron & ribbons to ,magdal5e2 & x is cle> he mu/ h robb$ ! conv5t 9 ord] to pur*ase !m1 & to pay = supp]s1 lodg+s1 & o!r exp5ses att5d+ _! int]c\rse4 ,i say adult]y1 z ?is deprav$ man cont9u$ 8 connection ) ,magdal5e aft] %e became ,madame ,m\t>d4 ,& ,i say sacrilege1 z he 0 ! confessor ( ,magdal5e4 ,&1 if he himself p]=m$ ! m>riage c]emony = 8 mi/ress1 judge :at sort ( man ,bro!r ,gregory mu/ really h be54 ,"o ( our colleagues 9 ?is little collection ( philosophic & encyclopdic que/ions is n[ engag$ on a moral "w1 on ! subject ( sc&al1 aga9/ ! op9ion ( ,bro!r ,pat\illet4 ,we hope x w n be long be=e x sees ! light4 ,,s*ism4 ,all t we _h writt5 on ! subject ( ! gr& s*ism betwe5 ! ,greeks & ,lat9s1 9 ! essay on ! mann]s & _s ( nations1 has be5 ins]t$ 9 ! great encyclopdic diction>y4 ,we w n "h repeat ourselves4 ,b :5 reflect+ on ! mean+ ( ! ^w s*ism1 :i* signifies a divid+ or r5d+ asund]1 & consid]+ also ! pres5t /ate ( ,pol&1 divid$ & r5t z x is 9 a mann] ! mo/ pitiable1 we _c help anew deplor+ t a malady s de/ructive %\ld be peculi> to ,*ri/ians4 ,?is malady1 :i* we h n describ$ ) suffici5t p>ticul>ity1 is a species ( madness :i* fir/ affects ! eyes & ! m\?2 ! pati5t looks ) an impati5t & res5tful eye on ! man :o does n ?9k exactly l himself1 & soon beg9s to p\r out all ! abuse & revil+ t 8 comm& ( language w p]mit4 ,! madness next seizes ! h&s2 & ! un=tunate maniac writes :at exhibits1 9 ! mo/ decid$ mann]1 ! inflam$ & deliri\s /ate ( ! bra94 ,he falls into demoniacal convulsions1 draws 8 sword1 & fights ) fury & desp]ation to ! la/ gasp4 ,m$ic9e has nev] be5 able to f9d a rem$y = ?is dreadful disease4 ,"t & philosophy alone c effect a cure4 ,! ,poles are n[ ! only p among :om ?is contagion at pres5t rages4 ,we may almo/ believe t ! disord] is born ) !m1 l _! frightful plica4 ,!y are bo? diseases ( ! head1 & ( a mo/ noxi\s "*4 ,cleanl9ess w cure ! plica2 wisdom alone c extirpate s*ism4 ,we are told t bo? ^! diseases 7 unkn[n to ! ,sam>tians :ile !y 7 ,pagans4 ,! plica affects only ! common p at pres5t1 b all ! evils orig9at+ 9 s*ism are corrod+ & de/roy+ ! high] classes ( ! republic4 ,! cause ( ! evil is ! f]tility ( _! l&1 :i* produces too mu* corn4 ,x is a melan*oly & deplorable case t ev5 ! bless+ ( heav5 %\ld 9 fact h involv$ !m 9 su* direful calamity4 ,"s ( ! prov9ces h cont5d$ t x 0 absolutely necess>y to put leav5 9 _! bread1 b ! great] "p ( ! nation ent]ta9 an ob/9ate & unalt]able belief1 t1 on c]ta9 days ( ! ye>1 f]m5t$ bread is absolutely mortal4 ,su* is "o ( ! pr9cipal causes ( ! s*ism or ! r5d+ asund] ( ,pol&2 ! dispute has infus$ acrimony into _! blood4 ,o!r causes h add$ to ! effect4 ,"s h imag9$1 9 ! p>oxysms & convulsions ( ! malady "u :i* !y labor1 t ! ,holy ,_s proce$$ bo? f ! ,fa!r & ! ,son3 & ! o!rs h exclaim$1 t x proce$$ f ! ,fa!r only4 ,! two p>ties1 "o ( :i* is call$ ! ,roman p>ty1 & ! o!r ! ,dissid5t1 look ^u ea* o!r z if !y 7 absolutely infect$ by ! plague2 b1 by a s+ul> symptom peculi> to ?is compla9t1 ! infect$ ,dissid5ts h always %[n an incl9ation to approa* ! ,ca?olics1 :ile ! ,ca?olics on ! o!r h& h nev] manife/$ any to approa* !m4 ,!re is no disease :i* does n v>y 9 diff]5t circum/ances & situations4 ,! diet1 :i* is g5]ally e/eem$ salut>y1 has be5 s p]nici\s to ?is unhappy nation1 t aft] ! application ( x 9 #agfh1 ! cities ( ,uman1 ,zablot91 ,teti\1 ,zilianki1 & ,zafran 7 de/roy$ & inundat$ ) blood2 & m ?an two hundr$ ?\s& pati5ts mis]ably p]i%$4 ,on "o side ! empire ( ,russia1 & on ! o!r t ( ,turkey1 h s5t a hundr$ ?\s& surgeons provid$ ) lancets1 bi/\ries1 & all sorts ( in/rum5ts1 adapt$ to cut (f ! morbid & gangr5$ p>ts2 b ! disease has only become m virul5t4 ,! delirium has ev5 be5 s outrage\s1 t =ty ( ! pati5ts actually met toge!r = ! purpose ( dissect+ _! k+1 :o _h nev] be5 attack$ by ! disease1 & ^: bra9 & all ! vital & noble p>ts ( 8 body 7 9 a p]fectly s\nd /ate1 z we %all h to rem>k "u ! article on ,sup]/ition4 ,x is ?\ght t if ! cont5d+ p>ties w\ld ref] ! case entirely to him1 he might effect a cure ( ! :ole nation2 b x is "o ( ! symptoms ( ?is cruel malady to be afraid ( be+ cur$1 z p]sons labor+ "u hydrophobia dread ev5 ! sight ( wat]4 ,!re are "s le>n$ m5 among u :o cont5d t ! disease 0 br\ght1 a long "t ago1 f ,pale/9e1 & t ! inhabitants ( ,j]usalem & ,sam>ia 7 long h>ass$ by x4 ,o!rs ?9k t ! orig9al seat ( ! disease 0 ,egypt1 & t ! dogs & cats1 :i* 7 !re held 9 ! highe/ consid]ation1 hav+ become mad1 communicat$ ! madness ( s*ism1 or te>+ asund]1 to ! great] "p ( ! ,egyptians1 ^: weak heads 7 b too susceptible to ! disord]4 ,x is rem>k$ also1 t ! ,greeks :o travell$ to ,egypt1 z1 = example1 ,timeus ( ,locris & ,plato1 some:at injur$ _! bra9s by ! excursion4 ,h[ev]1 ! injury by no means rea*$ madness1 or plague1 prop]ly s call$2 x 0 a sort ( delirium :i* 0 n at all times easily to be p]ceiv$1 & :i* 0 (t5 conceal$ "u a v plausible appe>ance ( reason4 ,b ! ,greeks hav+1 9 ! c\rse ( "t1 c>ri$ ! compla9t among ! we/]n & nor!rn nations1 ! mal=mation or un=tunate excitability ( ! bra9 9 our unhappy c\ntries occasion$ ! slight fev] ( ,timeus & ,plato to break out among u into ! mo/ frightful & fatal contagion1 :i* ! physicians sometimes call$ intol]ance1 & sometimes p]secution2 sometimes religi\s w>1 sometimes madness1 & sometimes pe/il5ce4 ,we h se5 ! fatal ravages committ$ by ?is inf]nal plague ov] ! face ( ! e>?4 ,_m physicians h (f]$ _! s]vices to de/roy ?is frightful evil at its v root4 ,b :at w appe> to _m sc>cely cr$ible is1 t !re are entire faculties ( m$ic9e1 at ,salamanca & ,coimbra1 9 ,italy & ev5 9 ,p>is1 :i* ma9ta9 t s*ism1 division1 or te>+ asund]1 is necess>y = mank9d2 t corrupt humors are drawn (f f !m ?r\gh ! w\nds :i* x occasions2 t en?usiasm1 :i* is "o ( ! fir/ symptoms ( ! compla9t1 exalts ! s\l1 & produces ! mo/ b5eficial consequ5ces2 t tol]ation is att5d$ ) innum]able inconv5i5ces2 t if ! :ole _w 7 tol]ant1 great g5iuses w\ld want t p[]ful & irresi/ible impulse :i* has produc$ s _m admirable works 9 !ology2 t peace is a great calamity to a /ate1 because x br+s back ! pleasures 9 its tra92 & pleasures1 aft] a c\rse ( "t1 s(t5 d[n t noble f]ocity :i* =ms ! h]o2 & t if ! ,greeks _h made a treaty ( comm]ce ) ! ,trojans1 in/ead ( mak+ w> ) !m1 !re w\ld nev] h be5 an ,a*illes1 a ,hector1 or a ,hom]1 & t ! race ( man w\ld h /agnat$ 9 ignorance4 ,^! reasons1 ,i ackn[l$ge1 are n )\t =ce2 & ,i reque/ "t = giv+ !m due consid]ation4 ,,scr(ula4 ,x has be5 pret5d$ t div9e p[] is appeal$ to 9 reg>d to ?is malady1 because x is sc>cely 9 human p[] to cure x4 ,possibly "s monks began by suppos+ t k+s1 9 _! "* ( repres5tatives ( ! div9ity1 possess$ ! privilege ( cur+ scr(ula1 by t\*+ ! pati5ts ) _! ano9t$ h&s4 ,b :y n be/[ a simil> p[] on emp]ors1 ^: dignity surpasses t ( k+s1 or on popes1 :o call !mselves ! ma/]s ( emp]ors1 & :o are m ?an simple images ( ,god1 be+ ,8 vic>s on e>?8 ,x is possible1 t "s imag9>y dream] ( ,norm&y1 9 ord] to r5d] ! usurpation ( ,william ! ,ba/>d ! m respectable1 conc$$ to him1 9 quality ( ,god's repres5tative1 ! faculty ( cur+ scr(ula by ! tip ( 8 f+]4 ,x 0 "s "t aft] ,william t ?is usage became e/abli%$4 ,we mu/ n gratify ! k+s ( ,engl& ) ?is gift1 & refuse x to ^? ( ,france1 _! liege lords4 ,?is w\ld be 9 defiance ( ! respect due to ! feudal sy/em4 ,9 %ort1 ?is p[] is trac$ up to ,edw>d ! ,confessor 9 ,engl&1 & to ,clovis 9 ,france4 ,! only te/imony1 9 ! lea/ degree cr$ible1 ( ! antiquity ( ?is usage1 is to be f\nd 9 ! writ+s 9 favor ( ! h\se ( ,lanca/]1 compos$ by ! judge1 ,sir ,john ,=tescue1 "u ,h5ry ,,vi41 :o 0 recogniz$ k+ ( ,france at ,p>is 9 8 cradle1 & !n k+ ( ,engl&1 b :o lo/ bo? k+doms4 ,sir ,john ,=tescue ass]ts1 t f "t immemorial1 ! k+s ( ,engl& 7 9 possession ( ! p[] ( cur+ scr(ula by _! t\*4 ,we _c p]ceive1 h[ev]1 t ?is pret5sion r5d]$ _! p]sons m sacr$ 9 ! w>s betwe5 ! roses4 ,que5s consort c\ld n cure scr(ula1 because !y 7 n ano9t$ 9 ! h&s1 l ! k+s3 b ,elizabe?1 a que5 regnant & ano9t$1 cur$ x )\t difficulty4 ,a sad ?+ happ5$ to ,mortorillo ! ,calabrian1 :om we d5om9ate ,/4 ,francis de ,paulo4 ,k+ ,l\is ,,xi4 br\ght him to ,plessis les ,t\rs to cure him ( 8 t5d5cy to apoplexy1 & ! sa9t arriv$ afflict$ by scr(ula4 ,ipse fuit det5tus gravi1 inflatura1 quam 9 p>te inf]iori1 g5 su dextrae circa guttur patiebatur4 ,*irugii dicebant1 mortum esse scr(>um4 ,! sa9t cur$ n ! k+1 & ! k+ cur$ n ! sa9t4 ,:5 ! k+ ( ,engl&1 ,james ,,ii41 0 conduct$ f ,ro*e/] to ,:itehall1 somebody propos$ t he %\ld exhibit a pro( ( g5u9e royalty1 z = in/ance1 t ( t\*+ = ! evil2 b no "o 0 pres5t$ to him4 ,he dep>t$ to ex]cise 8 sov]eignty 9 ,france at ,/4 ,g]ma91 :]e he t\*$ "s ,hib]nians4 ,8 daught] ,m>y1 ,k+ ,william1 ,que5 ,anne1 & ! k+s ( ! h\se ( ,brunswick h cur$ nobody4 ,?is sacr$ gift dep>t$ :5 p began to reason4 ,,sect4 ,,section ,i4 ,e sect1 ( :atev] op9ion x may be1 is a rally+ po9t = d\bt & error4 ,scoti/s1 ,?omi/s1 ,reali/s1 ,nom9ali/s1 ,papi/s1 ,calv9i/s1 ,mol9i/s1 & ,jans5i/s1 are only w>like appellations4 ,!re is no sect 9 geometry2 we nev] say3 ,a ,euclidian1 an ,ar*im$ian4 ,:5 tru? is evid5t1 x is impossible to divide p into p>ties & factions4 ,nobody disputes t x is broad day at noon4 ,t "p ( a/ronomy :i* det]m9es ! c\rse ( ! />s1 & ! return ( eclipses1 be+ n[ kn[n1 !re is no long] any dispute among a/ronom]s4 ,x is simil> ) a small numb] ( tru?s1 :i* are simil>ly e/abli%$2 b if y are a ,mahometan1 z !re are _m m5 :o are n ,mahometans1 y may possibly be 9 error4 ,:at w\ld be ! true religion1 if ,*ri/ianity did n exi/8 ,t 9 :i* !re w\ld be no sects2 t 9 :i* all m9ds necess>ily agre$4 ,n[1 9 :at doctr9e are all m9ds agre$8 ,9 ! adoration ( "o ,god1 & 9 probity4 ,all ! philosoph]s :o h pr(ess$ a religion h said at all times3 ,!re is a ,god1 & ,he mu/ be j4 ,behold !n ! univ]sal religion1 e/abli%$ ?r\gh\t all "t & among all m56 ,! po9t !n 9 :i* all agree is true2 ! sy/ems 9 reg>d to :i* all diff] are false4 ,my sect is ! be/1 says a ,brahm94 ,b1 my good fri5d1 if ?y sect is ! be/1 x is necess>y2 = if n absolutely necess>y1 ?\ mu/ confess t x is useless4 ,if1 on ! contr>y1 x is necess>y1 x mu/ be s to all m52 h[ !n is x t all m5 possess n :at is absolutely necess>y to !m8 ,h[ is x t ! re/ ( ! _w laughs at !e & ?y ,brahma8 ,:5 ,zoroa/]1 ,h]mes1 ,orpheus1 ,m9os1 & all ! great m5 say3 ,let u wor%ip ,god1 & be j1 no "o laughs2 b all ! _w sne]s at him :o pret5ds1 t to please ,god x is prop] to die hold+ a c[ by ! tail2 at him :o cuts (f a p>ticle ( =esk9 = ! same purpose2 at him :o consecrates crocodiles & onions2 at him :o atta*es et]nal salvation to ! bones ( dead m5 c>ri$ und]nea? ! %irt1 or to a pl5>y indulg5ce pur*as$ at ,rome = two s\s & a half4 ,:5ce ?is univ]sal assemblage ( laugh+ & hiss+ f "o end ( ! univ]se to ! o!r8 ,x mu/ be t ! ?+s :i* all ! _w d]ides are n evid5t tru?s4 ,:at %all we say to a secret>y ( ,sejanus1 :o d$icates to ,petronius a book1 9 a confus$ & involv$ /yle1 entitl$ ,! ,tru? ( ! ,sibyll9e ,oracles1 ,prov$ f ,facts4 ,?is secret>y at fir/ proves to y1 t ,god s5t ^u e>? _m ,sibyls1 "o aft] ! o!r1 hav+ no o!r means ( in/ruct+ m54 ,x is demon/rat$1 t ,god communicat$ ) ^! ,sibyls1 because ! ^w sibyl signifies ,c\ncil ( ,god4 ,!y ought to live a long "t1 = ?is privilege at lea/ belongs to p]sons ) :om ,god communicates4 ,!y am\nt$ to twelve1 because ?is numb] is sacr$4 ,!y c]ta9ly pr$ict$ all ! ev5ts 9 ! _w1 because ,t>qu9 ! ,pr\d b\ght _! book f an old woman = a hundr$ cr[ns4 ,:at unbeliev]1 exclaims ! secret>y1 c d5y all ^! evid5t facts1 :i* took place 9 "o corn] ( ! e>?1 9 ! face ( all ! _w8 ,:o c d5y ! accompli%m5t ( _! prophecies8 ,has n ,virgil himself cit$ ! pr$ictions ( ! ,sibyls8 ,if we h n ! fir/ copies ( ! ,sibyll9e books1 writt5 at a "t :5 no "o c\ld read & write1 we h au!ntic copies4 ,impiety mu/ be sil5t be=e su* pro(s4 ,?us spoke ,h\teville to ,sejanus1 & hop$ to obta9 by x ! place ( *ief augur1 ) a rev5ue ( fifty ?\s& livres2 b he obta9$ no?+4 ,t :i* my sect tea*es me is obscure1 ,i confess x1 exclaims a fanatic2 & x is 9 consequ5ce ( t obscurity t ,i mu/ believe x2 = x says itself t x ab\nds 9 obscurities4 ,my sect is extravagant1 !re=e x is div9e2 = h[1 appe>+ s insane1 w\ld x o!rwise h be5 embrac$ by s _m p4 ,x is precisely l ! ,koran1 :i* ! ,sonnites say pres5ts at once ! face ( an angel & t ( a bea/4 ,be n sc&aliz$ at ! muzzle ( ! bea/1 b rev]e ! face ( ! angel4 ,?us spoke ?is madman2 b a fanatic ( ano!r sect repli$ to ! fir/ fanatic3 ,x is ?\ :o art ! bea/1 & ,i :o am ! angel4 ,n[ :o w judge ?is process1 & decide betwe5 ^! two inspir$ p]sonages8 ,! reasonable & imp>tial man :o is le>n$ 9 a sci5ce :i* is n t ( words2 ! man dive/$ ( prejudice1 & a lov] ( tru? & ( ju/ice2 ! man1 9 f9e1 :o is n a bea/1 & :o pret5ds n to be an angel4 ,,section ,,ii4 ,sect & error are synonym\s t]ms4 ,?\ art a p]ipatetic & ,i a ,platoni/2 we are !re=e bo? 9 ! wrong2 = ?\ oppose/ ,plato1 because 8 *im]as repel !e2 & ,i fly f ,ari/otle1 because x appe>s to me t he knew n :at he said4 ,if ! "o or ! o!r _h demon/rat$ ! tru?1 !re w\ld h be5 an end ( sect4 ,to decl>e = ! op9ion ( "o 9 opposition to t ( ano!r1 is to take "p 9 a civil w>4 ,!re is no sect 9 ma!matics or exp]im5tal philosophy3 a man :o exam9es ! relation betwe5 a cone & a sph]e is n ( ! sect ( ,ar*im$es2 & he :o p]ceiv$ t ! squ>e ( ! hypot5use ( a "r-angl$ triangle is equal to ! sum ( ! squ>es ( ! o!r two sides1 is n 9 consequ5ce a ,py?agorean4 ,:5 we say t ! blood circulates1 t ! air is weighty1 t ! rays ( ! sun are a bundle ( sev5 refrangible rays1 x foll[s n t we are ( ! sect ( ,h>vey1 ( ,torricelli1 or ( ,newton2 we simply acquiesce 9 ! tru?s :i* !y demon/rate1 & ! :ole univ]se w be ( ! same op9ion4 ,su* is ! "* ( tru?1 :i* belongs to all "t & to all m54 ,x is only to be produc$ to be ackn[l$g$1 & admits ( no opposition4 ,a long dispute signifies t bo? p>ties are 9 error4 ,,self-,,love4 ,nicole1 9 8 ,moral ,essays1 writt5 aft] two or ?ree ?\s& volumes on morals 7,treatise on ,*>ity1 *ap1 ii471 says1 t by means ( ! gibbets & tortures :i* are e/abli%$ 9 common1 ! tyrannical designs ( ! self-love ( ea* individual are repress$4 ,i w n exam9e :e!r we h gibbets 9 common1 z we h fields & woods 9 common1 & a common purse1 or if ?\ghts are repress$ by :eels2 b x seems to me v /range t ,nicole has tak5 highway robb]y & murd] = self-love4 ,! di/9ctions mu/ be a little m exam9$4 ,he :o %\ld say t ,n]o kill$ 8 "m f self-love1 t ,c>t\*e _h mu* self-love1 w\ld n express himself v correctly4 ,self-love is n a wick$ness2 x is a s5tim5t natural to all m52 x is mu* m ! neighbor ( vanity ?an ( crime4 ,a begg> ( ! suburbs ( ,madrid boldly ask$ alms2 a pass5g] said to him3 ,are y n a%am$ to c>ry on ?is infam\s trade1 :5 y c "w8 ,sir1 repli$ ! m5dicant1 ,i ask y = money1 & n = advice2 & turn$ 8 back on him ) ,ca/ilian dignity4 ,?is g5tleman 0 a haughty begg>2 8 vanity 0 w\nd$ by v little3 he ask$ alms = love ( himself1 & w\ld n suff] ! reprim& f a /ill great] love ( himself4 ,a mission>y1 travell+ 9 ,india1 met a fakir load$ ) *a9s1 nak$ z an ape1 ly+ on 8 /oma*1 & la%+ himself = ! s9s ( 8 c\ntrym51 ! ,indians1 :o gave him "s co9s ( ! c\ntry4 ,:at a r5\ncem5t ( himself6 said "o ( ! spectators4 ,r5\ncem5t ( myself6 said ! fakir1 le>n t ,i only la% myself 9 ?is _w to s]ve y ! same 9 ! next1 :5 y w be ! horses & ,i ! rid]4 ,^? :o said t love ( ourselves is ! basis ( all our s5tim5ts & actions 7 "r2 & z x has n be5 writt5 to prove to m5 t !y h a face1 !re is no occasion to prove to !m t !y possess self-love4 ,?is self-love is ! in/rum5t ( our pres]vation2 x resembles ! provision = ! p]petuity ( mank9d2 x is necess>y1 x is de> to u1 x gives u pleasure1 & we mu/ conceal x4 ,,s5sation4 ,oy/]s1 x is said1 h two s5ses2 moles f\r2 all o!r animals1 l man1 five4 ,"s p cont5d = a six?1 b x is evid5t t ! voluptu\s s5sation to :i* !y allude is r$ucible to t ( t\*2 & t five s5ses are our lot4 ,x is impossible = u to imag9e any?+ beyond !m1 or to desire out ( _! range4 ,x may be1 t 9 o!r globes ! inhabitants possess s5sations ( :i* we c =m no idea4 ,x is possible t ! numb] ( our s5ses augm5ts f globe to globe1 & t an exi/5ce ) innum]able & p]fect s5ses w be ! f9al atta9m5t ( all be+4 ,b ) respect to ourselves & our five s5ses1 :at is ! ext5t ( our capacity8 ,we con/antly feel 9 spite ( ourselves1 & nev] because we w d s3 x is impossible = u to avoid hav+ ! s5sation :i* our nature orda9s :5 any object excites x4 ,! s5sation is )9 u1 b dep5ds n ^u ourselves4 ,we receive x1 b h[ d we receive x8 ,x is evid5t t !re is no connection betwe5 ! /rick5 air1 ! words :i* ,i s+1 & ! impression :i* ^! words make ^u my bra94 ,we are a/oni%$ at ?\ght1 b s5sation is equally wond]ful4 ,a div9e p[] is z manife/ 9 ! s5sation ( ! meane/ ( insects z 9 ! bra9 ( ,newton4 ,9 ! meantime1 if a ?\s& animals die be=e our eyes1 we are n anxi\s to "k :at becomes ( _! faculty ( s5sation1 al?\gh x is z mu* ! "w ( ! ,supreme ,be+ z our own4 ,we reg>d !m z ! ma*9es ( nature1 creat$ to p]i%1 & to give place to o!rs4 ,= :at purpose & 9 :at mann] may _! s5sations exi/1 :5 !y exi/ no long]8 ,:at ne$ has ! au?or ( all ?+s to pres]ve qualities1 :5 ! sub/ance is de/roy$8 ,x is z reasonable to ass]t t ! p[] ( ! plant call$ s5sitive1 to )draw its leaves t[>ds its bran*es1 exi/s :5 ! plant is no m4 ,y w ask1 )\t d\bt1 9 :at mann] ! s5sation ( animals p]i%es ) !m1 :ile ! m9d ( man p]i%es n8 ,i am too ignorant to solve ?is "q4 ,! et]nal au?or ( m9d & ( s5sation alone kn[s h[ to give1 & h[ to pres]ve !m4 ,all antiquity ma9ta9s t our und]/&+ conta9s no?+ :i* has n be5 receiv$ by our s5ses4 ,desc>tes1 on ! contr>y1 ass]ts 9 8 ,romances1 t we h metaphysical ideas be=e we are acqua9t$ ) ! nipple ( our nurse4 ,a faculty ( !ology proscrib$ ?is dogma1 n because x 0 errone\s1 b because x 0 new4 ,f9ally1 h[ev]1 x 0 adopt$1 because x _h be5 de/roy$ by ,locke1 an ,engli% philosoph]1 & an ,engli%man mu/ necess>ily be 9 ! wrong4 ,9 f9e1 aft] hav+ s (t5 *ang$ op9ion1 ! anci5t op9ion :i* decl>es t ! s5ses are ! inlets to ! und]/&+ is f9ally proscrib$4 ,?is is act+ l deeply indebt$ gov]nm5ts1 :o sometimes issue c]ta9 notes :i* are to pass curr5t1 & at o!r times cry !m d[n2 b = a long "t no "o w accept ! notes ( ! said faculty ( !ology4 ,all ! faculties 9 ! _w w nev] prev5t a philosoph] f p]ceiv+ t we comm5ce by s5sation1 & t our memory is no?+ b a cont9u$ s5sation4 ,a man born )\t 8 five s5ses w\ld be de/itute ( all idea1 suppos+ x possible = him to live4 ,metaphysical notions are obta9$ only ?r\gh ! s5ses2 = h[ is a circle or a triangle to be measur$1 if a circle or a triangle has nei!r be5 t\*$ nor se58 ,h[ =m an imp]fect notion ( inf9ity1 )\t a notion ( limits8 ,& h[ take away limits1 )\t hav+ ei!r beheld or felt !m8 ,s5sation includes all our faculties1 says a great philosoph]4 ,:at ought to be conclud$ f all ?is8 ,y :o read & ?9k1 pray conclude4 ,! ,greeks inv5t$ ! faculty ,psy*e = s5sation1 & ! faculty ,n\s = m9d4 ,we are1 unhappily1 ignorant ( ! nature ( ^! two faculties3 we possess !m1 b _! orig9 is no m kn[n to u ?an to ! oy/]1 ! sea-nettle1 ! polypus1 worms1 or plants4 ,by "s inconceivable me*anism1 s5sitiv5ess is diffus$ ?r\gh\t my body1 & ?\ght 9 my head alone4 ,if ! head be cut (f1 !re w rema9 a v small *ance ( its solv+ a problem 9 geometry4 ,9 ! meantime1 y\r p9eal gl&1 y\r fle%ly body1 9 :i* abides y\r s\l1 exi/s = a long "t )\t alt]ation1 :ile y\r sep>at$ head is s full ( animal spirits t x frequ5tly exhibits motion aft] its removal f ! trunk4 ,x seems z if at ?is mom5t x possess$ ! mo/ lively ideas1 resembl+ ! head ( ,orpheus1 :i* /ill utt]$ melodi\s song1 & *ant$ ,eurydice1 :5 ca/ into ! wat]s ( ! ,hebrus4 ,if we ?9k no long]1 aft] los+ our heads1 :5ce does x happ5 t ! he>t beats1 & appe>s to be s5sitive aft] be+ torn out8 ,we feel1 y say1 because all our n]ves h _! orig9 9 ! bra92 & 9 ! meantime1 if y are trepann$1 & a portion ( y\r bra9 be ?r[n into ! fire1 y feel no?+ ! less4 ,m5 :o c /ate ! reason ( all ?is are v clev]4 ,,s5t5ces 7,,rem>kable74 ,on ,natural ,lib]ty4 ,9 sev]al c\ntries1 & p>ticul>ly 9 ,france1 collections h be5 made ( ! juridical murd]s :i* tyranny1 fanaticism1 or ev5 error & weakness1 h committ$ ) ! sword ( ju/ice4 ,!re are s5t5ces ( dea? :i* :ole ye>s ( v5geance c\ld sc>cely expiate1 & :i* w make all future ages tremble4 ,su* are ! s5t5ces giv5 aga9/ ! natural k+ ( ,naples & ,sicily1 by ! tribunal ( ,*>les ( ,anj\2 aga9/ ,john ,huss & ,j]ome ( ,prague1 by prie/s & monks2 & aga9/ ! k+ ( ,engl&1 ,*>les ,i41 by fanatical citiz5s4 ,aft] ^! enorm\s crimes1 =mally committ$1 come ! legal murd]s committ$ by indol5ce1 /upidity1 & sup]/ition1 & ^! are innum]able4 ,we %all relate "s ( !m 9 o!r articles4 ,9 ?is class we mu/ pr9cipally place ! trials = wit*craft1 & nev] =get t ev5 9 our days1 9 #agej1 ! sac]dotal ju/ice ( ! bi%op ( ,wrzburg has condemn$ z a wit* a nun1 a girl ( quality1 to ! puni%m5t ( fire4 ,i "h repeat ?is circum/ance1 :i* ,i h else:]e m5tion$1 t x %\ld n be =gott54 ,we =get too mu* & too soon4 ,e day ( ! ye> ,i w\ld h a public cri]1 in/ead ( cry+ z 9 ,g]many & ,holl& :at "t x is--:i* is kn[n v well )\t _! cry+--cry3 ,x 0 on ?is day t1 9 ! religi\s w>s ,magdeburg & all its inhabitants 7 r$uc$ to a%es4 ,x 0 on ,may #ad? t ,h5ry ,,iv4 0 assass9at$1 only because he 0 n submissive to ! pope2 x 0 on su* a day t su* an abom9able cruelty 0 p]petrat$ 9 y\r t[n1 "u ! "n ( ju/ice4 ,^! cont9ual adv]tisem5ts w\ld be v useful2 b ! judgm5ts giv5 9 favor ( innoc5ce aga9/ p]secutors %\ld be cri$ ) a mu* l\d] voice4 ,= example1 ,i propose1 t e ye>1 ! two /ronge/ ?roats :i* c be f\nd 9 ,p>is & ,t\l\se %all cry ^! words 9 all ! /reets3 ,x 0 on su* a day t fifty magi/rates ( ! c\ncil re-e/abli%$ ! memory ( ,john ,calas1 ) a unanim\s voice1 & obta9$ = 8 family ! favors ( ! k+ himself1 9 ^: "n ,john ,calas _h be5 condemn$ to ! mo/ horrible execution4 ,x w\ld n be amiss to h ano!r cri] at ! door ( all ! m9i/]s1 to say to all :o came to dem& lettres de ca*et1 9 ord] to possess !mselves ( ! prop]ty ( _! relations1 fri5ds1 or dep5d5ts3 ,g5tlem51 fe> to s$uce ! m9i/] by false /atem5ts1 & to abuse ! "n ( ! k+4 ,x is dang]\s to take x 9 va94 ,!re 0 9 ! _w "o ,g]bi]1 :o def5d$ ! cause ( ! wid[ & orphan oppress$ "u ! weight ( a sacr$ "n4 ,x 0 he :o1 at ! b> ( ! ,p>liam5t ( ,p>is1 obta9$ ! aboli%m5t ( ! ,society ( ,jesus4 ,li/5 att5tively to ! lesson :i* he gave to ! society ( ,/4 ,b]n>d1 conjo9tly ) ,ma/] ,loiseau1 ano!r protector ( wid[s4 ,y mu/ fir/ "k1 t ! rev]5d ,b]n>d9e fa!rs ( ,clairvaux possess sev5te5 ?\s& acres ( wood1 sev5 l>ge =ges1 f\rte5 l>ge f>ms1 a quantity ( fiefs1 b5efices1 & ev5 rights 9 =eign c\ntries4 ,! ye>ly rev5ue ( ! conv5t am\nts to two hundr$ ?\s& livres4 ,! treasure is imm5se2 ! abbot's palace is t ( a pr9ce4 ,no?+ is m j2 x is a poor recomp5se = ! s]vices :i* ! ,b]n>d9es cont9ually r5d] to ! ,/ate4 ,x happ5$1 t a y\? ( sev5te5 ye>s ( age1 nam$ ,ca/ille1 ^: baptismal "n 0 ,b]n>d1 believ$1 = t reason1 t he %\ld become a ,b]n>d9e4 ,x is ?us t we reason at sev5te51 & sometimes at ?irty4 ,he w5t to pass 8 novitiate at ,lorra9e1 9 ! abbey ( ,orval4 ,:5 he 0 requir$ to pron\nce 8 v[s1 grace 0 want+ 9 him3 he did n sign !m2 he dep>t$ & became a man aga94 ,he e/abli%$ himself at ,p>is1 & at ! end ( ?irty ye>s1 hav+ made a little =tune1 he m>ri$1 & _h *ildr54 ,! rev]5d fa!r1 attorney ( ,clairvaux1 nam$ ,mayeur1 a wor?y solicitor1 bro!r ( ! abbot1 hav+ le>n$ f a woman ( pleasure at ,p>is1 t ?is ,ca/ille 0 =m]ly a ,b]n>d9e1 plott$ to *all5ge him z a des]t]--?\gh he 0 n really engag$--to make 8 wife pass = 8 concub9e1 & to place 8 *ildr5 9 ! hospital z ba/>ds4 ,he associat$ himself ) ano!r rogue1 to divide ! spoils4 ,bo? w5t to ! c\rt = lettres de ca*et1 expos$ _! grievances 9 ! "n ( ,/4 ,b]n>d1 obta9$ ! lett]1 seiz$ ,b]n>d ,ca/ille1 8 wife1 & _! *ildr51 possess$ !mselves ( all ! prop]ty1 & are n[ dev\r+ x1 y "k :]e4 ,b]n>d ,ca/ille 0 %ut up at ,orval 9 a dungeon1 :]e he 0 execut$ aft] six mon?s1 = fe> t he %\ld dem& ju/ice4 ,8 wife 0 conduct$ to ano!r dungeon1 at ,/4 ,pelagie1 a h\se = pro/itutes4 ,( ?ree *ildr51 "o di$ 9 ! hospital4 ,?+s rema9$ 9 ?is /ate = ?ree ye>s4 ,at ! end ( ?is "t1 ! wife ( ,ca/ille obta9$ h] enl>gem5t4 ,god is j3 ,he gave a second husb& to ! wid[4 ,! husb&1 nam$ ,lannai1 0 a man ( head1 :o discov]$ all ! frauds1 horrors1 & crimes employ$ aga9/ 8 wife4 ,!y bo? ent]$ into a suit aga9/ ! monks4 ,x is true1 t bro!r ,mayeur1 :o is call$ ,dom ,mayeur1 0 n hang$1 b ! conv5t ( ,clairvaux 0 condemn$ to pay =ty ?\s& livres4 ,!re is no conv5t :i* w\ld n r see its attorney hang$ ?an lose its money4 ,?is hi/ory %\ld tea* y1 g5tlem51 to use mu* mod]ation 9 ! fact ( lettres de ca*et4 ,"k1 t ,ma/] ,elias de ,beaumont1 t celebrat$ def5d] ( ! memory ( ,calas1 & ,ma/] ,t>get t o!r protector ( oppress$ innoc5ce1 caus$ ! man to pay a f9e ( tw5ty ?\s& francs1 :o by 8 intrigues _h ga9$ a lettre de ca*et to seize ^u ! dy+ c\ntess ( ,lancize1 to drag h] f ! bosom ( h] family & dive/ h] ( all h] titles4 ,:5 tribunals give su* s5t5ces z ^!1 we he> clapp+ ( h&s f ! ext5t ( ! gr& *amb] to ! gates ( ,p>is4 ,take c>e ( y\rselves1 g5tlem52 d n lightly dem& lettres de ca*et4 ,an ,engli%man1 on read+ ?is article1 exclaim$1 ,:at is a lettre de ca*et8 ,we c\ld nev] make him compreh5d x4 ,,s5t5ces ,,( ,,dea?4 ,9 read+ hi/ory1 & see+ its c\rse cont9ually int]rupt$ ) innum]able calamities heap$ ^u ?is globe1 :i* "s call ! be/ ( all possible worlds1 ,i h be5 p>ticul>ly /ruck ) ! great quantity ( consid]able m5 9 ! ,/ate1 9 ! ,*ur*1 & 9 society1 :o h suff]$ dea? l robb]s on ! highway4 ,sett+ aside assass9ations & poison+s1 ,i speak only ( massacres 9 a juridical =m1 p]=m$ ) loyalty & c]emony2 ,i comm5ce ) k+s & que5s2 ,engl& alone furni%es an ample li/2 b = *ancellors1 knights1 & esquires1 volumes are requir$4 ,( all :o h ?us p]i%$ by ju/ice1 ,i d n believe t !re are f\r 9 all ,europe :o w\ld h und]gone _! s5t5ce if _! suits _h la/$ "s "t long]1 or if ! adv]se p>ties _h di$ ( apoplexy dur+ ! prep>ation4 ,if fi/ula _h gangr5$ ! rectum ( ,c>d9al ,ri*elieu "s mon?s long]1 ! virtu\s de ,?\1 ,c9q-,m>s1 & s _m o!rs w\ld h be5 at lib]ty4 ,if ,b>neveldt _h _h z _m ,arm9ians = 8 judges z ,gom]i/s1 he w\ld h di$ 9 8 b$2 if ! con/able de ,luynes _h n dem&$ ! confiscation ( ! prop]ty ( ! lady ( ! ,m>%al d',ancre1 %e w\ld n h be5 burn$ z a wit*4 ,if a really crim9al man1 an assass91 a public ?ief1 a poison]1 a p>ricide1 be arre/$1 & 8 crime be prov$1 x is c]ta9 t 9 all times & :oev] ! judges1 he w be condemn$4 ,b x is n ! same ) /atesm52 only give !m o!r judges1 or wait until "t has *ang$ int]e/s1 cool$ passions1 & introduc$ o!r s5tim5ts1 & _! lives w be 9 safety4 ,suppose ,que5 ,elizabe? _h di$ ( an indige/ion on ! eve ( ! execution ( ,m>y ,/u>t1 !n ,m>y ,/u>t w\ld h be5 seat$ on ! ?rone ( ,engl&1 ,irel&1 & ,scotl&1 in/ead ( dy+ by ! h& ( an execution] 9 a *amb] hung ) black4 ,if ,cromwell _h only fall5 sick1 c>e w\ld h be5 tak5 h[ ,*>les ,i4's head 0 cut (f4 ,^! two assass9ations--disguis$1 ,i "k n h[1 9 ! g>b ( ! laws--sc>cely ent]$ into ! li/ ( ord9>y inju/ice4 ,figure to y\rself "s highwaym5 :o1 hav+ b\nd & robb$ two pass5g]s1 amuse !mselves ) nam+ 9 ! troop an attorney-g5]al1 a presid5t1 an advocate & c\nsellors1 & :o1 hav+ sign$ a s5t5ce1 cause ! two victims to be hang$ 9 c]emony2 x 0 ?us t ! ,que5 ( ,scotl& & h] gr&son 7 judg$4 ,b ( common judgm5ts1 pron\nc$ by compet5t judges aga9/ pr9ces or m5 9 place1 is !re a s+le "o :i* w\ld h be5 ei!r execut$1 or ev5 pass$1 if ano!r "t _h be5 *os58 ,is !re a s+le "o ( ! condemn$1 immolat$ "u ,c>d9al ,ri*elieu1 :o w\ld n h be5 9 favor if _! suits _h be5 prolong$ until ! reg5cy ( ,anne ( ,au/ria8 ,! ,pr9ce ( ,cond 0 arre/$ "u ,francis ,,ii41 he 0 condemn$ to dea? by commiss>ies2 ,francis ,,ii4 di$1 & ! ,pr9ce ( ,cond aga9 became p[]ful4 ,^! in/ances are innum]able2 we %\ld above all consid] ! _s ( ! times4 ,van9i 0 burn$ on a vague suspicion ( a!ism4 ,at pres5t1 if any "o 0 fooli% & p$antic en\gh to write su* books z ,van9i1 !y w\ld n be read1 & t is all :i* c\ld happ5 to !m4 ,a ,spani>d pass$ ?r\gh ,g5eva 9 ! middle ( ! sixte5? c5tury2 ! ,pic>d1 ,john ,calv91 le>n$ t ?is ,spani>d 0 lodg$ at an inn2 he rememb]$ t ?is ,spani>d _h disput$ ) him on a subject :i* nei!r ( !m und]/ood4 ,behold6 my !ologian1 ,john ,calv91 arre/$ ! pass5g]1 contr>y to all laws1 human or div9e1 contr>y to ! "r possess$ by p among all nations2 immur$ him 9 a dungeon1 & burn$ him at a sl[ fire ) gre5 faggots1 t ! pa9 might la/ ! long]4 ,c]ta9ly ?is inf]nal manuvre w\ld nev] ent] ! head ( any "o 9 ! pres5t day2 & if ! fool ,s]vetus _h liv$ 9 good times1 he w\ld h _h no?+ to fe>2 :at is call$ ju/ice is !re=e z arbitr>y z fa%ion4 ,!re are times ( horrors & follies among m51 z !re are times ( pe/il5ce1 & ?is contagion has made ! t\r ( ! _w4 ,,s]p5ts4 ,i c]tify t ,i h _m times kill$ s]p5ts by moi/5+ 9 a slight degree1 ) my spittle1 a /ick or a /one1 & giv+ !m a slight bl[ on ! middle ( ! body1 sc>cely suffici5t to produce a small contusion4 ,janu>y #ai1 #ageg4 ,figui]1 ,surgeon4 ,! above surgeon hav+ giv5 me ?is c]tificate1 two witnesses1 :o _h se5 him kill s]p5ts 9 ?is mann]1 atte/$ :at !y _h beheld4 ,not)/&+1 ,i wi%$ to behold ! ?+ myself2 = ,i confess t1 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ^! qu]ies1 ,i h tak5 ,/4 ,?omas ( ,didymus = my patron sa9t1 :o always insi/$ on an exam9ation ) 8 own h&s4 ,= eighte5 hundr$ ye>s ?is op9ion has be5 p]petuat$ among ! p1 & x might possibly be ev5 eighte5 ?\s& ye>s old1 if ,g5esis _h n suppli$ u ) ! precise date ( our enmity to ?is reptile4 ,x may be ass]t$ t if ,eve _h spit on ! s]p5t :5 he took 8 place at h] e>1 a _w ( evil w\ld h be5 sp>$ human nature4 ,lucretius1 9 8 f\r? book1 alludes to ?is mann] ( kill+ s]p5ts z v well kn[n3 ,e/ utique ut s]p5s hom9is contacta salivis4 ,disp]it1 ac sese m&5do conficit ipsa4 --,,lib41 iv1 v4 #fdb-fdc4 ,spit on a s]p5t1 & 8 vigor flies1 ,he /raight dev\rs himself1 & quickly dies4 ,!re is "s slight contradiction 9 pa9t+ him at once depriv$ ( vigor & self-dev\r+1 b my surgeon ,figui] ass]ts n t ! s]p5ts :i* he kill$ 7 self-dev\r+4 ,g5esis says wisely t we kill !m ) our heels1 & n ) spittle4 ,we are 9 ! mid/ ( w9t] on ,janu>y #ai1 :i* is ! "t :5 s]p5ts visit u4 ,i _c f9d any at ,m\nt ,krapak2 b ,i exhort all philosoph]s to spit ^u e s]p5t !y meet ) 9 ! spr+4 ,x is good to "k ! ext5t ( ! p[] ( ! saliva ( man4 ,x is c]ta9 t ,jesus ,*ri/ employ$ 8 spittle to cure a man :o 0 deaf & dumb4 ,he took him aside1 plac$ ,8 f+]s on 8 e>s1 & look+ up to heav51 sigh$ & said to him3 ,ephpha?a--be op5$--:5 ! deaf & dumb p]son imm$iately began to speak4 ,x may !re=e be true t ,god has all[$ ! saliva ( man to kill s]p5ts2 b ,he may h also p]mitt$ my surgeon to assail !m ) heavy bl[s f a /ick or a /one1 9 su* a way t !y w\ld die :e!r he spat ^u !m or n4 ,i beg ( all philosoph]s to exam9e ! ?+ ) att5tion4 ,= example1 %\ld !y meet ,fr]on 9 ! /reet1 let !m spit 9 8 face1 & if he die1 ! fact w be confirm$1 9 spite ( all ! reason+ ( ! incr$ul\s4 ,i take ?is opportunity also to beg ( philosoph]s n to cut (f ! heads ( any m snails2 = ,i affirm t ! head has return$ to snails :i* ,i h decapitat$ v effectively4 ,b x is n en\gh t ,i "k x by exp]i5ce1 o!rs mu/ be equally satisfi$ 9 ord] t ! fact be r5d]$ probable2 = al?\gh ,i h twice succe$$1 ,i h fail$ ?irty times4 ,success dep5ds ^u ! age ( ! snail1 ! "t 9 :i* ! head is cut (f1 ! situation ( ! incision1 & ! mann] 9 :i* x is kept until ! head gr[s aga94 ,if x is important to "k t dea? may be inflict$ by spitt+1 x is /ill m important to "k t heads may be r5ew$4 ,man is ( m consequ5ce ?an a snail1 & ,i d\bt n t 9 due "t1 :5 ! arts are br\ght to p]fection1 "s means w be f\nd to give a s\nd head to a man :o has none at all4 ,,%ekel4 ,a weight & d5om9ation ( money among ! ,jews2 b z !y nev] co9$ money1 & always made use ( ! co9age ( o!r p1 all gold co9s weigh+ ab\t a gu9ea1 & all silv] co9s ( ! weight ( a small ,fr5* cr[n1 7 call$ a %ekel2 & ^! %ekels 7 di/+ui%$ into ^? ( ! weight ( ! sanctu>y1 & ^? ( ! weight ( ! k+4 ,x is said 9 ! ,book ( ,samuel t ,absalom _h v f9e hair1 f :i* he cut a "p e ye>4 ,_m pr(\nd comm5tators ass]t t he cut x once a mon?1 & t x 0 valu$ at two hundr$ %ekels4 ,if ^! %ekels 7 ( gold1 ! locks ( ,absalom 7 wor? two ?\s& f\r hundr$ gu9eas p] annum4 ,!re are few seigniories :i* produce at pres5t ! rev5ue t ,absalom d]iv$ f 8 head4 ,x is said t :5 ,abraham b\ght a cave 9 ,hebron f ! ,canaanite ,ephron1 ,ephron sold him ! cave = f\r hundr$ %ekels ( silv]1 ( curr5t money ) ! m]*ant--probat monet public4 ,we h already rem>k$ t !re 0 no co9$ money 9 ^! days1 & ?us ^! f\r hundr$ %ekels ( silv] became f\r hundr$ %ekels 9 weight1 :i*1 valu$ at pres5t at ?ree livres f\r s\s ea*1 are equal to twelve hundr$ & eighty livres ( ,france4 ,x foll[s t ! little field1 :i* 0 sold ) ?is cav]n1 0 excell5t l&1 to br+ s high a price4 ,:5 ,eleaz>1 ! s]vant ( ,abraham1 met ! beautiful ,rebecca1 ! daught] ( ,be?nel1 c>ry+ a pit*] ( wat] ^u h] %\ld]1 f :i* %e gave him & 8 camels leave to dr9k1 he pres5t$ h] ) e>r+s ( gold1 :i* weigh$ two %ekels1 & bracelets :i* weigh$ t51 am\nt+ 9 ! :ole to a pres5t ( ! value ( tw5ty-f\r gu9eas4 ,9 ! laws ( ,exodus x is said t if an ox gor$ a male or female slave1 ! possessor ( ! ox %\ld give ?irty %ekels ( silv] to ! ma/] ( ! slave1 & t ! ox %\ld be /on$4 ,x is app>5tly to be und]/ood t ! ox 9 ?is case has produc$ a v dang]\s w\nd1 o!rwise ?irty-two cr[ns 0 a l>ge sum = ! neighborhood ( ,m\nt ,s9ai1 :]e money 0 uncommon4 ,x is = ! same reason t _m grave1 b too ha/y1 p]sons suspect t ,exodus z well z ,g5esis 0 n writt5 until a comp>atively late p]iod4 ,:at t5ds to confirm !m 9 ?is errone\s op9ion is a passage 9 ! same ,exodus3 ,take ( pure myrrh five hundr$ %ekels1 & ( sweet c9namon half z mu*2 ( sweet calamus two hundr$ & fifty %ekels2 ( cassia five hundr$ %ekels1 aft] ! %ekel ( ! sanctu>y2 & ( olive-oil a ton1 to =m an o9tm5t to anno9t ! tab]nacle2 & :osoev] ano9t$ himself or any /rang] ) a simil> composition1 0 to be put to dea?4 ,x is add$ t ) all ^! aromatics 7 to be unit$ /acte1 onyx1 galbanum1 & frank9c5se2 & t a p]fume 0 to be mix$ up accord+ to ! art ( ! apo!c>y or p]fum]4 ,b ,i _c p]ceive any?+ 9 ?is composition :i* ought to excite ! d\bt ( ! incr$ul\s4 ,x is natural to imag9e t ! ,jews--:o1 accord+ to ! text1 /ole f ! ,egyptians all :i* !y c\ld br+ away--_h also tak5 frank9c5se1 galbanum1 onyx1 /acte1 olive-oil1 cassia1 sweet calamus1 c9namon1 & myrrh4 ,!y also1 )\t d\bt1 /ole _m %ekels2 inde$1 we h se51 t "o ( ! mo/ zeal\s p>tisans ( ?is ,hebrew horde e/imates :at !y /ole1 9 gold alone1 at n9e millions4 ,i abide by 8 reckon+4 ,,sibyl4 ,! fir/ woman :o pron\nc$ oracles at ,delphos 0 call$ ,sibylla4 ,accord+ to ,pausanias1 %e 0 ! daught] ( ,jupit]1 & ( ,lamia1 ! daught] ( ,neptune1 & %e liv$ a long "t be=e ! siege ( ,troy4 ,f h] all wom5 7 di/+ui%$ by ! "n ( sibyls1 :o1 )\t be+ prie/esses1 or ev5 atta*$ to a p>ticul> oracle1 ann\nc$ ! future1 & call$ !mselves inspir$4 ,diff]5t ages & c\ntries h _h _! sibyls1 or pres]v$ pr$ictions :i* be> _! "n1 & collections 7 =m$ ( !m4 ,! greate/ emb>rassm5t to ! anci5ts 0 to expla9 by :at happy privilege ^! sibyls _h ! gift ( pr$ict+ ! future4 ,platoni/s f\nd ! cause ( x 9 ! intimate union :i* ! creature1 arriv$ at a c]ta9 degree ( p]fection1 might h ) ! ,div9ity4 ,o!rs attribute ?is div9e prop]ty ( ! sibyls to ! vapors & exhalations ( ! caves :i* !y inhabit$4 ,f9ally o!rs attribut$ ! prophetic _s ( ! sibyls to _! sombre & melan*oly humor1 or to "s s+ul> malady4 ,/4 ,j]ome ma9ta9$ t ?is gift 0 to !m a recomp5se = _! *a/ity2 b !re 0 at lea/ "o v celebrat$ "o :o boa/$ ( hav+ _h a ?\s& lov]s )\t be+ m>ri$4 ,x w\ld h be5 mu* m s5sible 9 ,/4 ,j]ome & o!r fa!rs ( ! ,*ur* to h d5i$ ! prophetic _s ( ! sibyls1 & to h said t by means ( haz>d+ pr$ictions at a v5ture1 !y might sometimes h be5 fulfill$1 p>ticul>ly ) ! help ( a favorable comm5t>y1 by :i* words1 spok5 by *ance1 h be5 turn$ into facts :i* x 0 impossible !y c\ld h pr$ict$4 ,x is s+ul> t _! pr$ictions 7 collect$ aft] ! ev5t4 ,! fir/ collection ( sibyll9e leaves1 b\ght by ,t>qu91 conta9$ ?ree books2 ! second 0 compil$ aft] ! fire ( ! capitol1 b we are ignorant h[ _m books x conta9$2 & ! ?ird is t :i* we possess 9 eight books1 & 9 :i* x is d\btful :e!r ! au?or has n ins]t$ sev]al pr$ictions ( ! second4 ,?is collection is ! fruit ( ! pi\s fraud ( "s ,platonic ,*ri/ians1 m zeal\s ?an clev]1 :o 9 compos+ x ?\ght to l5d arms to ! ,*ri/ian religion1 & to put ^? :o def5d$ x 9 a situation to combat paganism ) ! greate/ advantage4 ,?is confus$ compilation ( diff]5t prophecies 0 pr9t$ = ! fir/ "t 9 ! ye> #aede f manuscripts1 & publi%$ sev]al times aft]1 ) ample comm5t>ies1 burd5$ ) an erudition (t5 trivial1 & almo/ always =eign to ! text1 :i* !y seldom enlight5$4 ,! numb] ( works compos$ = & aga9/ ! au!nticity ( ^! sibyll9e books is v great1 & "s ev5 v le>n$2 b !re prevails s little ord] & reason+1 & ! au?ors are s devoid ( all philosophic _s t ^? :o might h c\rage to read !m w\ld ga9 no?+ b ennui & fatigue4 ,! date ( ! publication is f\nd cle>ly indicat$ 9 ! fif? & eigh? books4 ,! sibyl is made to say t ! ,roman ,empire w h only fifte5 emp]ors1 f\rte5 ( :i* are designat$ by ! num]al value ( ! fir/ lett] ( _! names 9 ! ,greek alphabet4 ,%e adds t ! fifte5?1 :o w\ld be a man ) a :ite head1 w\ld be> ! "n ( a sea ne> ,rome4 ,! fifte5? ( ! ,roman emp]ors 0 ,adrian1 & ! ,asiatic gulf is ! sea ( :i* he be>s ! "n4 ,f ?is pr9ce1 cont9ues ! sibyl1 ?ree o!rs w proce$ :o w rule ! empire at ! same "t2 b f9ally "o ( !m w rema9 ! possessor4 ,^! ?ree %oots 7 ,anton9us1 ,m>cus ,aurelius1 & ,lucius ,v]us4 ,! sibyl alludes to ! adoptions & associations :i* unit$ !m4 ,m>cus ,aurelius f\nd himself sole ma/] ( ! empire at ! dea? ( ,lucius ,v]us1 at ! comm5cem5t ( ! ye> #afi2 & he gov]n$ x )\t any colleague until ! ye> #agg1 :5 he associat$ ) 8 son ,commodus4 ,z !re is no?+ :i* c h any relation to ?is new colleague ( ,m>cus ,aurelius1 x is evid5t t ! collection mu/ h be5 made betwe5 ! ye>s #afi & #agg ( ! vulg> era4 ,josephus1 ! hi/orian1 quotes a "w ( ! sibyl1 9 :i* ! ,t[] ( ,babel & ! confusion ( tongues are spok5 ( ne>ly z 9 ,g5esis2 :i* proves t ! ,*ri/ians are n ! fir/ au?ors ( ! supposition ( ! sibyll9e books4 ,josephus n relat+ ! exact words ( ! sibyl1 we _c asc]ta9 :e!r :at is said ( ! same ev5t 9 our collection 0 extract$ f ! "w quot$ by ,josephus2 b x is c]ta9 t sev]al l9es1 attribut$ to ! sibyl1 9 ! exhortations f\nd 9 ! works ( ,/4 ,ju/91 ( ,!ophilus ( ,antio*1 ( ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria1 & 9 "s o!r fa!rs1 are n 9 our collection2 & z mo/ ( ^! l9es be> no /amp ( ,*ri/ianity1 !y might be ! "w ( "s ,platonic ,jew4 ,9 ! "t ( ,celsus1 sibyls _h already "s cr$it among ! ,*ri/ians1 z x appe>s by two passages ( ! answ] ( ,orig54 ,b 9 "t sibyll9e prophecies appe>+ favorable to ,*ri/ianity1 !y 7 commonly made use ( 9 works ( controv]sy ) mu* m confid5ce ?an by ! pagans !mselves1 :o1 ackn[l$g+ sibyls to be inspir$ wom51 conf9$ !mselves to say+ t ! ,*ri/ians _h falsifi$ _! writ+s1 a fact :i* c\ld only be decid$ by a comp>ison ( ! two manuscripts1 :i* few p are 9 a situation to make4 ,f9ally1 x 0 f a poem ( ! sibyl ( ,cumea t ! pr9cipal dogmas ( ,*ri/ianity 7 tak54 ,con/ant9e1 9 ! f9e disc\rse :i* he pron\nc$ be=e ! assembly ( ! sa9ts1 %[s t ! f\r? eclogue ( ,virgil is only a prophetic description ( ! ,savi\r2 & if t 0 n ! imm$iate object ( ! poet1 x 0 t ( ! sibyl f :om he borr[$ 8 ideas1 :o1 be+ fill$ ) ! _s ( ,god1 ann\nc$ ! bir? ( ! ,r$eem]4 ,he believ$ t he saw 9 ?is poem ! miracle ( ! bir? ( ,jesus ( a virg91 ! abolition ( s9 by ! prea*+ ( ! gospel1 & ! abolition ( puni%m5t by ! grace ( ! ,r$eem]4 ,he believ$ he saw ! old s]p5t ov]?r[n1 & ! mortal v5om ) :i* he poison$ human nature entirely dead5$4 ,he believ$ t he saw t ! grace ( ! ,"l1 h[ev] p[]ful x might be1 w\ld nev]!less suff] ! dregs & traces ( s9 to rema9 9 ! fai?ful2 9 a ^w1 he believ$ t he saw ,jesus ,*ri/ ann\nc$ "u ! great "* ( ! ,son ( ,god4 ,9 ?is eclogue !re are _m o!r passages :i* might h be5 said to be copies ( ! ,jewi% prophets1 :o apply x !mselves to ,jesus ,*ri/2 x is at lea/ ! g5]al op9ion ( ! ,*ur*4 ,/4 ,augu/9e1 l o!rs1 has be5 p]suad$ ( x1 & has pret5d$ t ! l9es ( ,virgil c only be appli$ to ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,f9ally1 ! mo/ clev] mod]ns ma9ta9 ! same op9ion4 ,,s++4 ,que/ions on ,s++1 ,music1 ,modulation1 ,ge/iculation1 etc4 ,c\ld a ,turk conceive t we h "o k9d ( s++ = ! fir/ ( our my/]ies :5 we celebrate x 9 music1 ano!r k9d :i* we call motetts 9 ! same temple1 a ?ird k9d at ! op]a1 & a f\r? at ! !atre8 ,9 l mann]1 c we imag9e h[ ! anci5ts blew _! flutes1 recit$ on _! !atres ) _! heads cov]$ by enorm\s masks1 & h[ _! declamation 0 writt5 d[n4 ,law 0 promulgat$ 9 ,a!ns ne>ly z 9 ,p>is we s+ an air on ! ,pont-,neuf4 ,! public cri] sang an edict1 accompany+ himself on ! lyre4 ,x is ?us t 9 ,p>is ! rose 9 bud is cri$ 9 "o tone2 old silv] lace to sell 9 ano!r2 only 9 ! /reets ( ,p>is ! lyre is disp5s$ )4 ,aft] ! victory ( ,*ronea1 ,philip1 ! fa!r ( ,alex&]1 sang ! decree by :i* ,demo/h5es _h made him decl>e w>1 & beat "t ) 8 foot4 ,we are v f> f s++ 9 our /reets our edicts1 or f9ances1 or ^u ! two s\s 9 ! livre4 ,x is v probable t ! melope1 or modulation1 reg>d$ by ,ari/otle 9 8 poetic art z an ess5tial "p ( trag$y1 0 an ev51 simple *ant1 l t :i* we call ! preface to mass1 :i* 9 my op9ion is ! ,gregorian *ant1 & n ! ,ambrosian1 & :i* is a true melope4 ,:5 ! ,italians reviv$ trag$y 9 ! sixte5? c5tury ! recitative 0 a melope :i* c\ld n be writt52 = :o c\ld write inflections ( ! voice :i* are octaves & six?s ( tone8 ,!y 7 le>n$ by he>t4 ,?is cu/om 0 receiv$ 9 ,france :5 ! ,fr5* began to =m a !atre1 m ?an a c5tury aft] ! ,italians4 ,! ,sophonisba ( ,mairet 0 sung l t ( ,triss91 b m grossly2 = ?roats z well z m9ds 7 !n r co>s] at ,p>is4 ,all ! p>ts ( ! actors1 b p>ticul>ly ( ! actresses1 7 not$ f memory by tradition4 ,mademoiselle ,bauval1 an actress ( ! "t ( ,corneille1 ,rac9e1 & ,molire1 recit$ to me1 ab\t sixty ye>s ago or m1 ! comm5cem5t ( ! "p ( ,emilia1 9 ,c9na1 z x _h be5 play$ 9 ! fir/ repres5tations by ,la ,beaupr4 ,?is modulation resembl$ ! declamation ( ! pres5t day mu* less ?an our mod]n recitative resembles ! mann] ( read+ ! newspap]4 ,i _c bett] comp>e ?is k9d ( s++1 ?is modulation1 ?an to ! admirable recitative ( ,lulli1 criticis$ by ador]s ( d\ble cro*ets1 :o h no k ( ! g5ius ( our language1 & :o are ignorant :at help ?is melody furni%es to an +5i\s & s5sible actor4 ,!atrical modulation p]i%$ ) ! com$ian ,duclos1 ^: only m]it be+ a f9e voice )\t _s & s\l1 f9ally r5d]$ t ridicul\s :i* _h be5 admir$ 9 ,des uillets1 & 9 ,*ampmesl4 ,trag$y is n[ play$ dryly2 if we 7 n heat$ by ! pa?os ( ! spectacle & ! action1 x w\ld be v insipid4 ,our age1 comm5dable 9 o!r ?+s1 is ! age ( dryness4 ,x is true t among ! ,romans "o actor recit$ & ano!r made ge/ures4 ,x 0 n by *ance t ! abb ,dubos imag9$ ?is pleasant me?od ( declaim+4 ,titus ,livius1 :o nev] fails to in/ruct u 9 ! mann]s & cu/oms ( ! ,romans1 & :o1 9 t respect is m useful ?an ! +5i\s & satirical ,tacitus1 in=ms u1 ,i say1 t ,&ronicus1 be+ ho>se :ile s++ 9 ! int]ludes1 got ano!r to s+ = him :ile he execut$ ! dance2 & !nce came ! cu/om ( divid+ int]ludes betwe5 danc]s & s+]s3 ,dicitur cantum egisse magis vig5te motu quum nihil vocis usis imp$iebat4 ,! song is express$ by ! dance4 ,cantum egisse magis vig5te motu4 ,) m vigor\s movem5ts4 ,b !y divid$ n ! /ory ( ! piece betwe5 an actor :o only ge/iculates & ano!r :o only s+s4 ,! ?+ w\ld h be5 z ridicul\s z impracticable4 ,! art ( pantomimes1 :i* are play$ )\t speak+1 is q diff]5t1 & we h se5 v /rik+ examples ( x2 b ?is art c please only :5 a m>k$ action is repres5t$1 a !atrical ev5t :i* is easily pres5t$ to ! imag9ation ( ! spectator4 ,x c repres5t ,orosmanes kill+ ,zare & kill+ himself2 ,semiramis w\nd$1 dragg+ h]self on ! fronti]s to ! tomb ( ,n9us1 & hold+ h] son 9 h] arms4 ,!re is no occasion = v]ses to express ^! situations by ge/ures to ! s\nd ( a m\rnful & t]rible symphony4 ,b h[ w\ld two pantomimes pa9t ! dess]tation ( ,maximus & ,c9na on mon>*ical & popul> gov]nm5ts8 ,apropos ( ! !atrical execution ( ! ,romans1 ! abb ,dubos says t ! danc]s 9 ! int]ludes 7 always 9 g[ns4 ,danc+ requires a clos] dress4 ,9 ! ,pays de ,vaud1 a suite ( ba?s built by ! ,romans1 is c>efully pres]v$1 ! pavem5t ( :i* is mosaic4 ,?is mosaic1 :i* is n decay$1 repres5ts danc]s dress$ l op]a danc]s4 ,we make n ^! obs]vations to detect errors 9 ,dubos2 !re is no m]it 9 hav+ se5 ?is antique monum5t :i* he _h n se52 & besides1 a v solid & j m9d might be deceiv$ by a passage ( ,titus ,livius4 ,,slaves4 ,,section ,i4 ,:y d we d5om9ate slaves ^? :om ! ,romans call$ s]vi1 & ! ,greeks duloi8 ,etymology is "h exce$+ly at fault2 & ,bo*>t has n be5 able to d]ive ?is ^w f ! ,hebrew4 ,! mo/ anci5t record t we possess 9 :i* ! ^w slave is f\nd is ! w ( "o ,ermangaut1 ar*bi%op ( ,n>bonne1 :o bequea!d to ,bi%op ,fr$elon 8 slave ,anaph--,anaph9us ,slavonium4 ,?is ,anaph 0 v =tunate 9 belong+ to two bi%ops successively4 ,x is n unlikely t ! ,slavonians came f ! di/ant ,nor? ) o!r indig5t & conqu]+ hordes1 to pillage f ! ,roman ,empire :at t empire _h pillig$ f o!r nations1 & especially 9 ,dalmatia & ,illyria4 ,! ,italians call$ ! mis=tune ( fall+ into _! h&s %iavitu1 & s*iavi ! captives !mselves4 ,all t we c ga!r f ! confus$ hi/ory ( ! middle ages is t 9 ! "t ( ! ,romans ! kn[n _w 0 divid$ betwe5 freem5 & slaves4 ,:5 ! ,slavonians1 ,alans1 ,huns1 ,h]uli1 ,o/rogo?s1 ,visigo?s1 ,v&als1 ,burgundians1 ,franks & ,normans came to despoil ,europe1 !re 0 little probability t ! multitude ( slaves w\ld dim9i%4 ,anci5t ma/]s1 9 fact1 saw !mselves r$uc$ to slav]y1 & ! small] numb] enslav$ ! great]1 z negroes are enslav$ 9 ! colonies1 & accord+ to ! practice 9 _m o!r cases4 ,we read no?+ 9 anci5t au?ors conc]n+ ! slaves ( ! ,assyrians & ! ,babylonians4 ,! book :i* speaks mo/ ( slaves is ! ,iliad4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ,briseis is slave to ,a*illes2 & all ! ,trojan wom51 & m especially ! pr9cesses1 fe> becom+ slaves to ! ,greeks1 & sp9n]s = _! wives4 ,slav]y is also z anci5t z w>1 & w> z human nature4 ,society 0 s accu/om$ to ?is degradation ( ! species t ,epictetus1 :o 0 assur$ly wor? m ?an 8 ma/]1 nev] expresses any surprise at 8 be+ a slave4 ,no legislator ( antiquity ev] attempt$ to abrogate slav]y2 on ! contr>y1 ! p mo/ en?usia/ic = lib]ty--! ,a!nians1 ! ,lac$monians1 ! ,romans1 & ! ,c>?ag9ians--7 ^? :o enact$ ! mo/ sev]e laws aga9/ _! s]fs4 ,! "r ( life & dea? ov] !m 0 "o ( ! pr9ciples ( society4 ,x mu/ be confess$ t1 ( all w>s1 t ( ,sp>tacus 0 ! mo/ j1 & possibly ! only "o t 0 ev] absolutely s4 ,:o w\ld believe t ! ,jews1 creat$ z x might appe> to s]ve all nations 9 turn1 %\ld also appe> to possess slaves ( _! own8 ,x is obs]v$ 9 _! laws1 t !y may pur*ase _! bre?r5 = six ye>s1 & /rang]s =ev]4 ,x 0 said1 t ! *ildr5 ( ,esau w\ld become bondsm5 to ! *ildr5 ( ,jacob2 b s9ce1 "u a diff]5t disp5sation1 ! ,arabs1 :o call !mselves desc5dants ( ,esau1 h enslav$ ! po/]ity ( ,jacob4 ,! ,evangeli/s put n a s+le ^w into ! m\? ( ,jesus ,*ri/ :i* recalls mank9d to ! primitive lib]ty to :i* !y appe> to be born4 ,!re is no?+ said 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t on ?is /ate ( degradation & suff]+1 to :i* "o-half ( ! human race 0 condemn$4 ,n a ^w appe>s 9 ! writ+s ( ! apo/les & ! fa!rs ( ! ,*ur*1 t5d+ to *ange bea/s ( burd5 into citiz5s1 z began to be done among ourselves 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury4 ,if slav]y be spok5 (1 x is ! slav]y ( s94 ,x is difficult to compreh5d h[1 9 ,/4 ,john1 ! ,jews c say to ,jesus3 ,we h nev] be5 slaves to any "o--!y :o 7 at t "t subject$ to ! ,romans2 !y :o _h be5 sold 9 ! m>ket aft] ! tak+ ( ,j]usalem2 !y ( :om t5 tribes1 l$ away z slaves by ,%almanes]1 _h disappe>$ f ! face ( ! e>?1 & ( :om two o!r tribes 7 held 9 *a9s by ! ,babylonians = sev5ty ye>s2 !y :o _h be5 sev5 times r$uc$ to slav]y 9 _! promis$ l&1 accord+ to _! own av[al2 !y :o 9 all _! writ+s speak ( _! bondage 9 t ,egypt :i* !y abhorr$1 b to :i* !y ran 9 cr[ds to ga9 money1 z soon z ,alex&] condesc5d$ to all[ !m to settle !re4 ,! rev]5d ,dom ,calmet says1 t we mu/ und]/& 9 ?is passage1 intr9sic s]vitude1 an explanation :i* by no means r5d]s x m compreh5sible4 ,italy1 ! ,gauls1 ,spa91 & a "p ( ,g]many1 7 inhabit$ by /rang]s1 by =eign]s become ma/]s1 & natives r$uc$ to s]fs4 ,:5 ! bi%op ( ,seville1 ,opas1 & ,c\nt ,julian call$ ov] ! ,mahometan ,moors aga9/ ! ,*ri/ian k+s ( ! ,visigo?s1 :o reign$ 9 ! ,pyr5ees1 ! ,mahometans1 accord+ to _! cu/om1 propos$ to ! natives1 ei!r to receive circumcision1 give battle1 or pay tribute 9 money & girls4 ,k+ ,rod]ick 0 vanqui%$1 & slaves 7 made ( ^? :o 7 tak5 captive4 ,! conqu]$ pres]v$ _! weal? & _! religion by pay+2 & x is ?us t ! ,turks h s9ce treat$ ,greece1 except t !y impos$ ^u ! latt] a tribute ( *ildr5 ( bo? sexes1 ! boys ( :i* !y circumcise & trans=m into pages & janiss>ies1 :ile ! girls are devot$ to ! h>ems4 ,?is tribute has s9ce be5 compromis$ = money4 ,! ,turks h only a few slaves = ! int]ior s]vice ( _! h\ses1 & ^! !y pur*ase f ! ,circassians1 ,m+relians1 & nations ( ,less] ,t>t>y4 ,betwe5 ! ,african ,mahometans & ! ,european ,*ri/ians1 ! cu/om ( piracy1 & ( mak+ slaves ( all :o c\ld be seiz$ on ! high seas1 has always exi/$4 ,!y are birds ( prey :o fe$ ^u "o ano!r2 ! ,alg]9es1 natives ( ,morocco1 & ,tunisians1 all live by piracy4 ,! ,knights ( ,malta1 successors to ^? ( ,rhodes1 =mally swe> to rob & enslave all ! ,mahometans :om !y meet2 & ! galleys ( ! pope cruise = ,alg]9es on ! nor!rn coa/s ( ,africa4 ,^? :o call !mselves :ites & ,*ri/ians proce$ to pur*ase negroes at a good m>ket1 9 ord] to sell !m de> 9 ,am]ica4 ,! ,p5nsylvanians alone h r5\nc$ ?is traffic1 :i* !y acc\nt flagiti\s4 ,,section ,,ii4 ,i read a %ort "t ago at ,m\nt ,krapak1 :]e x is kn[n t ,i reside1 a book writt5 at ,p>is1 ab\nd+ 9 wit & p>adoxes1 bold views & h>dihood1 resembl+ 9 "s respects ^? ( ,montesquieu1 aga9/ :om x is writt54 ,9 ?is book1 slav]y is decid$ly pref]r$ to dome/icity1 & above all to ! free labor4 ,?is book exce$+ly pities ^? unhappy free m5 :o e>n a subsi/5ce :]e !y please1 by ! labor = :i* man is born1 & :i* is ! gu>dian ( innoc5ce1 z well z ! support ( life4 ,x is incumb5t on no "o1 says ! au?or1 ei!r to n\ri% or to succor !m2 :]eas1 slaves are f$ & protect$ by _! ma/]s l _! horses4 ,all ?is is true2 b human be+s w\ld r provide = !mselves ?an dep5d on o!rs2 & horses br$ 9 ! =e/ pref] !m to /ables4 ,he ju/ly rem>ks t artisans lose _m days 9 :i* !y are =bidd5 to "w1 :i* is v true2 b ?is is n because !y are free1 b because ridicul\s laws exi/ 9 reg>d to holidays4 ,he says mo/ truly1 t x is n ,*ri/ian *>ity :i* has brok5 ! fett]s ( s]vitude1 s9ce ! same *>ity has rivet$ !m = m ?an twelve c5turies2 & t ,*ri/ians1 & ev5 monks1 all *>itable z !y are1 /ill possess slaves r$uc$ to a frightful /ate ( bondage1 "u ! "n ( mortaillables1 ma9mortables & s]fs ( ! soil4 ,he ass]ts t :i* is v true1 t ,*ri/ian pr9ces only affran*is$ _! s]fs ?r\gh av>ice4 ,x 01 9 fact1 to obta9 ! money labori\sly amass$ by ^! unhappy p]sons1 t !y sign$ _! lett]s ( manumission4 ,!y did n be/[ lib]ty1 b sold x4 ,! emp]or ,h5ry ,v4 began3 he fre$ ! s]fs ( ,spires & ,worms 9 ! twelf? c5tury4 ,! k+s ( ,france foll[$ 8 example2 & no?+ t5ds m to prove ! value ( lib]ty ?an ! high price ^! gross m5 paid = x4 ,la/ly1 x is = ! m5 on ^: condition ! dispute turns to decide ^u :i* /ate !y pref]4 ,int]rogate ! l[e/ labor] cov]$ ) rags1 f$ ^u black bread1 & sleep+ on /raw1 9 a hut half op5 to ! elem5ts2 ask ?is man1 :e!r he w be a slave1 bett] f$1 clo!d1 & b$d$2 n only w he recoil ) horror at ! proposal1 b reg>d y ) horror = mak+ ! proposal4 ,ask a slave if he is will+ to be free1 & y w he> 8 answ]4 ,?is alone ought to decide ! "q4 ,x is also to be consid]$ t a labor] may become a f>m]1 & a f>m] a proprietor4 ,9 ,france1 he may ev5 become a c\nsellor ( ! k+1 if he acquire ri*es4 ,9 ,engl&1 he may become a freehold]1 or a memb] ( p>liam5t4 ,9 ,sw$51 he may become a memb] ( ! national /ates4 ,^! possibilities are ( m value ?an t ( dy+ neglect$ 9 ! corn] ( 8 ma/]'s /able4 ,,section ,,iii4 ,puff5dorff says1 t slav]y has be5 e/abli%$ by ! free cons5t ( ! oppos+ p>ties4 ,i w believe ,puff5dorff1 :5 he %[s me ! orig9al contract4 ,grotius inquires1 :e!r a man :o is tak5 captive 9 w> has a "r to escape2 & x is to be rem>k$1 t he speaks n ( a prison] on 8 p>ole ( honor4 ,he decides1 t he has no su* "r2 :i* is ab\t z mu* z to say t a w\nd$ man has no "r to get cur$4 ,nature decides aga9/ ,grotius4 ,att5d to ! foll[+ obs]vations ( ! au?or ( ! ,_s ( ,laws1 aft] pa9t+ negro slav]y ) ! p5cil ( ,molire3 ,mr4 ,p]ry says t ! ,moscovites sell !mselves readily2 ,i c guess ! reason--_! lib]ty is wor? no?+4 ,capta9 ,john ,p]ry1 an ,engli%man1 :o wrote an acc\nt ( ! /ate ( ,russia 9 #agad1 says no?+ ( t :i* ! ,_s ( ,laws makes him say4 ,p]ry conta9s a few l9es only on ! subject ( ,russian bondage1 :i* are z foll[s3 ,! cz> has ord]$ t1 ?r\gh\t 8 /ates1 9 future1 no "o is to be call$ 'golup' or slave2 b only 'raab1' :i* signifies subject4 ,h[ev]1 ! p d]ive no real advantage f ?is ord]1 be+ /ill 9 reality slaves4 ,! au?or ( ! ,_s ( ,laws adds1 t accord+ to ,capta9 ,dampi]1 ev]ybody sells himself 9 ! k+dom ( ,a*em4 ,?is w\ld be a s+ul> species ( comm]ce1 & ,i h se5 no?+ 9 ! ,voyage ( ,dampi] :i* conveys su* a notion4 ,x is a pity t a man s replete ) wit %\ld haz>d s _m crudities1 & s frequ5tly quote incorrectly4 ,,section ,,iv4 ,s]fs ( ! ,body1 ,s]fs ( ! ,glebe1 ,ma9mort1 etc4 ,x is commonly ass]t$ t !re are no m slaves 9 ,france2 t x is ! k+dom ( ! ,franks1 & t slave & ,frank are contradictory t]ms2 t p are s free !re t _m f9anci]s die wor? m ?an ?irty millions ( francs1 acquir$ at ! exp5se ( ! desc5dants ( ! anci5t ,franks4 ,happy ,fr5* nation to be ?us free6 ,b h[1 9 ! meantime1 is s mu* fre$om compatible ) s _m species ( s]vitude1 z = in/ance1 t ( ! ma9mort8 ,_m a f9e lady at ,p>is1 :o sp>kles 9 h] box at ! op]a1 is ignorant t %e desc5ds f a family ( ,burgundy1 ! ,b\rbonnais1 ,fran*e-,comt1 ,m>*e1 or ,auv]gne1 :i* family is /ill enslav$1 mortaillable & ma9mortable4 ,( ^! slaves1 "s are oblig$ to "w ?ree days a week = ! "l1 & o!rs two4 ,if !y die )\t *ildr51 _! weal? belongs to ! "l2 if !y leave *ildr51 ! "l takes only ! f9e/ cattle &1 accord+ to m ?an "o cu/om1 ! mo/ valuable movables4 ,accord+ to o!r cu/oms1 if ! son ( a ma9mortable slave visits n ! h\se ( 8 fa!r )9 a ye> & a day f 8 dea?1 he loses all 8 fa!r's prop]ty1 yet /ill rema9s a slave2 t is to say1 :atev] weal? he may acquire by 8 indu/ry1 becomes at 8 dea? ! prop]ty ( ! "l4 ,:at foll[s is /ill bett]3 ,an hone/ ,p>isian pays a visit to 8 p>5ts 9 ,burgundy & 9 ,fran*e-,comt1 resides a ye> & a day 9 a ma9mortable h\se1 & return+ to ,p>is f9ds t 8 prop]ty1 :]ev] situat$1 belongs to ! "l1 9 case he dies )\t issue4 ,x is v prop]ly ask$ h[ ! prov9ce ( ,burgundy obta9$ ! nickname ( free1 :ile di/+ui%$ by su* a species ( s]vitude8 ,x is )\t d\bt ^u ! pr9ciple t ! ,greeks call$ ! furies ,eum5ides1 good he>ts4 ,b ! mo/ curi\s & mo/ consolatory circum/ance att5dant on ?is jurisprud5ce is t ! lords ( half ^! ma9mortable t]ritories are monks4 ,if by *ance a pr9ce ( ! blood1 a m9i/] ( /ate1 or a *ancellor ca/ 8 eyes ^u ?is article1 x w be well = him to recollect1 t ! k+ ( ,france1 9 8 ord9ance ( ,may #ah1 #agca1 decl>es to ! nation1 t ! monks & end[m5ts possess m ?an half ( ! prop]ty ( ,fran*e-,comt4 ,! m>quis d',arg5son1 9 ,le ,droit ,public ,ecclesia/ique1 says1 t 9 ,artois1 out ( eighte5 pl\ghs1 ! monks possess ?irte54 ,! monks !mselves are call$ ma9mortables1 & yet possess slaves4 ,let u ref] ^! monki% possessions to ! *apt] ( contradictions4 ,:5 we h made "s mode/ remon/rances ^u ?is /range tyranny on ! "p ( p :o h v[$ to ,god to be poor & humble1 !y w !n reply to u3 ,we h enjoy$ ?is "r = six hundr$ ye>s2 :y !n despoil u ( x8 ,we may humbly rejo91 t = ^! ?irty or =ty ?\s& ye>s1 ! weasels h be5 9 ! habit ( suck+ ! blood ( our pullets2 yet we assume to ourselves ! "r ( de/roy+ !m :5 we c cat* !m4 ,n4,b4 ,x is a mortal s9 = a ,*>treux to eat half an ounce ( mutton1 b he may ) a safe consci5ce dev\r ! entire sub/ance ( a family4 ,i h se5 ! ,*>treux 9 my neighborhood inh]it a hundr$ ?\s& cr[ns f "o ( _! ma9mortable slaves1 :o _h made a =tune by comm]ce at ,frank=t4 ,b all ! tru? mu/ be told2 x is no less true1 t 8 family enjoys ! "r ( solicit+ alms at ! gate ( ! conv5t4 ,let u suppose t ! monks h /ill fifty or sixty ?\s& slaves 9 ! k+dom ( ,france4 ,"t has n be5 f\nd hi!rto to re=m ?is ,*ri/ian jurisprud5ce2 b some?+ is beg9n+ to be ?\ght ab\t x4 ,x is only to wait a few hundr$ ye>s1 until ! debts ( ! /ate be paid4 ,,sleep]s 7,,! ,,sev574 ,fable supposes t "o ,epim5ides 9 a s+le nap1 slept tw5ty-sev5 ye>s1 & t on 8 awak+ he 0 q a/oni%$ at f9d+ 8 gr&*ildr5--:o ask$ him 8 "n--m>ri$1 8 fri5ds dead1 8 t[n & ! mann]s ( its inhabitants *ang$4 ,x 0 a f9e field = criticism1 & a pleasant subject = a com$y4 ,! leg5d has borr[$ all ! features ( ! fable1 & enl>g$ ^u !m4 ,! au?or ( ! ,gold5 ,leg5d 0 n ! fir/ :o1 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 in/ead ( "o sleep]1 gave u sev51 & bravely made !m sev5 m>tyrs4 ,he took 8 edify+ hi/ory f ,gregory de ,t\rs1 a v]idical writ]1 :o took x f ,sigeb]t1 :o took x f ,metaphra/es1 :o _h tak5 x f ,nicephorus4 ,x is ?us t tru? is h&$ d[n f man to man4 ,! rev]5d fa!r ,pet] ,ribad5eira1 ( ! company ( ,jesus1 goes /ill fur!r 9 ?is celebrat$ ,fl[] ( ! ,sa9ts1 ( :i* m5tion ,is made 9 ,molire's ,t>tuffe4 ,x 0 translat$1 augm5t$2 & enri*$ ) engrav+s1 by ! rev]5d ,antony ,gir>d1 ( ! same society3 no?+ 0 want+ to x4 ,"s ( ! curi\s w d\btless l to see ! prose ( ! rev]5d fa!r ,gir>d3 behold a specim56 ,9 ! "t ( ! emp]or ,decius1 ! ,*ur* exp]i5c$ a viol5t & fe>ful p]secution4 ,among o!r ,*ri/ians1 sev5 bro!rs 7 accus$1 "y1 well dispos$1 & graceful2 !y 7 ! *ildr5 ( a knight ( ,ephesus1 & call$ ,maximilian1 ,m>ius1 ,m>t9ian1 ,dionysius1 ,john1 ,s]apion1 & ,con/ant9e4 ,! emp]or fir/ took f !m _! gold5 girdles2 !n !y hid !mselves 9 a cav]n1 ! entrance ( :i* ,decius caus$ to be wall$ up t !y might die ( hung]4 ,fa!r ,gir>d proce$s to say1 t all sev5 quickly fell asleep1 & did n awake aga9 until !y _h slept "o hundr$ & sev5ty-sev5 ye>s4 ,fa!r ,gir>d1 f> f believ+ t ?is is ! dream ( a man awake1 proves its au!nticity by ! mo/ demon/rative argum5ts2 & :5 he c\ld f9d no o!r pro(1 alleges ! names ( ^! sev5 sleep]s--names nev] be+ giv5 to p :o h n exi/$4 ,! sev5 sleep]s d\btless c\ld nei!r be deceiv$ nor deceiv]s1 s t x is n to dispute ?is hi/ory t we speak ( x1 b m]ely to rem>k t !re is n a s+le fabul\s ev5t ( antiquity :i* has n be5 rectifi$ by anci5t leg5d>ies4 ,all ! hi/ory ( dipus1 ,h]cules1 & ,!seus is f\nd among !m1 accommodat$ to _! /yle4 ,!y h inv5t$ little1 b !y h p]fect$ mu*4 ,i +5u\sly confess t ,i "k n :5ce ,nicephorus took ?is f9e /ory4 ,i suppose x 0 f ! tradition ( ,ephesus2 = ! cave ( ! sev5 sleep]s1 & ! little *ur* d$icat$ to !m1 /ill exi/4 ,! lea/ awak5$ ( ! poor ,greeks /ill g !re to p]=m _! devotions4 ,sir ,paul ,rycaut & sev]al o!r ,engli% travell]s h se5 ^! two monum5ts2 b z to _! devotions !re1 we he> no?+ ab\t !m4 ,let u conclude ?is article ) ! reason+ ( ,abbadie3 ,^! are memorials in/itut$ to celebrate =ev] ! adv5ture ( ! sev5 sleep]s4 ,no ,greek 9 ,ephesus has ev] d\bt$ ( x1 & ^! ,greeks c\ld n h be5 deceiv$1 nor deceive anybody else2 !re=e ! hi/ory ( ! sev5 sleep]s is inconte/able4 ,,sl[ ,,bellies 7,,v5tres ,,p>esseux74 ,/4 ,paul says1 t ! ,cretans 7 all li>s1 evil bea/s1 & sl[ bellies4 ,! physician ,hequet und]/ood by sl[ bellies1 t ! ,cretans 7 co/ive1 :i* vitiat$ _! blood1 & r5d]$ !m ill-dispos$ & mis*iev\s4 ,x is d\btless v true t p]sons ( ?is habit are m prone to *ol] ?an o!rs3 _! bile passes n away1 b accumulates until _! blood is ov]heat$4 ,:5 y h a favor to beg ( a m9i/]1 or 8 fir/ secret>y1 in=m y\rself adroitly ( ! /ate ( 8 /oma*1 & always seize on mollia f&i tempora4 ,no "o is ignorant t our "* & turn ( m9d are intimately connect$ ) ! wat]-closet4 ,c>d9al ,ri*elieu 0 sangu9>y1 because he _h ! piles1 :i* afflict$ 8 rectum & h>d5$ 8 disposition4 ,que5 ,anne ( ,au/ria always call$ him cul p\rri 7sore bottom71 :i* nickname r$\bl$ 8 bile1 & possibly co/ ,m>%al ,m>illac 8 life1 & ,m>%al ,bassompi]re 8 lib]ty2 b ,i _c discov] :y c]ta9 p]sons %\ld be great] li>s ?an o!rs4 ,!re is no kn[n connection betwe5 ! anal sph9ct] & falsehood1 l t v s5sible "o betwe5 our /oma* & our passions1 our mann] ( ?9k+ & our conduct4 ,i am mu* dispos$ to believe1 t by sl[ bellies ,/4 ,paul und]/ood voluptu\s m5 & gross fe$]s--a k9d ( priors1 canons1 & abbots-comm5datory--ri* prelates1 :o lay 9 b$ all ! morn+ to recov] f ! excesses ( ! ev5+1 z ,m>ot obs]ves 9 8 eighty-six? epigram 9 reg>d to a fat prior1 :o lay 9 b$ & fondl$ 8 gr&son :ile 8 p>tridges 7 prep>+3 ,un gros prieur son petit fils baisait1 ,et mign>dait au mat9 dans sa c\*e1 ,t&is rtir sa p]drix en faisait1 etc4 ,b p may lie 9 b$ all ! morn+ )\t be+ ei!r li>s1 or badly dispos$4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! voluptu\sly indol5t are g5]ally socially g5tle1 & easy 9 _! comm]ce ) ! _w4 ,h[ev] ?is may be1 ,i regret t ,/4 ,paul %\ld (f5d an entire p4 ,9 ?is passage1 humanly speak+1 !re is nei!r polit5ess1 ability1 or ev5 tru?4 ,no?+ is ga9$ f m5 by call+ !m evil bea/s2 & d\btless m5 ( m]it 7 to be f\nd 9 ,crete4 ,:y ?us outrage ! c\ntry ( ,m9os1 :i* ,ar*bi%op ,fnelon1 inf9itely m poli%$ ?an ,/4 ,paul1 s mu* eulogizes 9 8 ,telema*us8 ,0 n ,/4 ,paul some:at difficult to live )1 ( a pr\d _s1 & ( a h>d & imp]i\s "*8 ,if ,i _h be5 "o ( ! apo/les1 or ev5 a disciple only1 ,i %\ld infallibly h qu>rell$ ) him4 ,x appe>s to me1 t ! fault 0 all on 8 side1 9 8 dispute ) ,simon ,pet] ,b>jonas4 ,he _h a furi\s passion = dom9ation4 ,he (t5 boa/s ( be+ an apo/le1 & m an apo/le ?an 8 associates--he :o _h assi/$ to /one ,/4 ,/eph51 he :o _h be5 assi/ant p]secutor "u ,gamaliel1 & :o 0 call$ ^u to weep long] = 8 crimes ?an ,/4 ,pet] = 8 weakness6--always1 h[ev]1 humanly speak+4 ,he boa/s ( be+ a ,roman citiz5 born at ,t>sus1 :]eas ,/4 ,j]ome pret5ds t he 0 a poor prov9cial ,jew1 born at ,giscala 9 ,galilee4 ,9 8 lett]s address$ to ! small flock ( 8 bre?r51 he always speaks magi/]ially3 ,i w come1 says he to c]ta9 ,cor9?ians1 & ,i w judge ( y all on ! te/imony ( two or ?ree witnesses2 & ,i w nei!r p>don ^? :o h s9n$1 nor o!rs4 ,?is nor o!rs is some:at sev]e4 ,_m m5 at pres5t w\ld be dispos$ to take ! "p ( ,/4 ,pet] aga9/ ,/4 ,paul1 b = ! episode ( ,ananias & ,sapphira1 :i* has intimidat$ p]sons incl9$ to be/[ alms4 ,i return to my text ( ! ,cretan li>s1 evil bea/s1 & sl[ bellies2 & ,i recomm5d to all mission>ies nev] to comm5ce _! labors among any p ) insults4 ,x is n t ,i reg>d ! ,cretans z ! mo/ j & respectable ( m51 z !y 7 call$ by fabul\s ,greece4 ,i pret5d n to reconcile _! pret5d$ virtue ) ! pret5d$ bull ( :i* ! beautiful ,pasiph 0 s mu* enamor$2 nor ) ! skill ex]t$ by ! artisan ,ddalus 9 ! con/ruction ( a c[ ( brass1 by :i* ,pasiph 0 enabl$ to produce a ,m9otaur1 to :om ! pi\s & equitable ,m9os sacrific$ e ye>--& n e n9e ye>s--sev5 gr[n-up boys & sev5 virg9s ( ,a!ns4 ,x is n t ,i believe 9 ! hundr$ l>ge cities 9 ,crete1 mean+ a hundr$ poor villages /&+ ^u a long & n>r[ rock1 ) two or ?ree t[ns4 ,x is to be regrett$ t ,roll91 9 8 elegant compilation ( ,anci5t ,hi/ory1 has repeat$ s _m ( ! anci5t fables ( ,crete1 & t ( ,m9os among o!rs4 ,) respect to ! poor ,greeks & ,jews :o n[ inhabit ! /eep m\nta9s ( ?is isl&1 "u ! gov]nm5t ( a pa%a1 !y may possibly be li>s & evil dispos$1 b ,i _c tell if !y are sl[ ( dige/ion3 ,i s9c]ely hope1 h[ev]1 t !y h suffici5t to eat4 ,,society 7,,royal7 ,,( ,,london1 ,,& ,,academies4 ,great m5 h all be5 =m$ ei!r be=e academies or indep5d5t ( !m4 ,hom] & ,phidias1 ,sophocles & ,apelles1 ,virgil & ,vitruvius1 ,ario/o & ,mi*elangelo1 7 none ( !m academicians4 ,tasso enc\nt]$ only unju/ criticism f ! ,academy della ,crusca1 & ,newton 0 n indebt$ to ! ,royal ,society ( ,london = 8 discov]ies 9 optics1 ^u gravitation1 ^u ! integral calculus1 & ^u *ronology4 ,( :at use !n are academies8 ,to *]i% ! fire :i* great g5ius has k9dl$4 ,! ,royal ,society ( ,london 0 =m$ 9 #affj1 six ye>s be=e ! ,fr5* ,academy ( ,sci5ce4 ,x has no rew>ds l ours1 b nei!r has x any ( ! disagreeable di/9ctions inv5t$ by ! abb ,bignon1 :o divid$ ! ,academy ( ,sci5ces betwe5 ^? :o paid1 & honor>y memb]s :o 7 n le>n$4 ,! society ( ,london be+ indep5d5t1 & only self-enc\rag$1 has be5 compos$ ( memb]s :o h discov]$ ! laws ( light1 ( gravitation1 ( ! ab]ration ( ! />s1 ! reflect+ telescope1 ! fire eng9e1 sol> microscope1 & _m o!r inv5tions1 z useful z admirable4 ,c\ld !y h _h great] m51 _h !y admitt$ p5sion>ies or honor>y memb]s8 ,! fam\s ,doctor ,swift1 9 ! la/ ye>s ( ! reign ( ,que5 ,anne1 =m$ ! idea ( e/abli%+ an academy = ! ,engli% language1 aft] ! model ( ! ,acadmie ,franaise4 ,?is project 0 c\nt5anc$ by ! e>l ( ,ox=d1 fir/ "l ( ! treasury1 & /ill m by ,"l ,bol+broke1 secret>y ( /ate1 :o possess$ ! gift ( speak+ extempore 9 p>liam5t ) z mu* purity z ,doctor ,swift compos$ 9 8 closet1 & :o w\ld h be5 ! patron & ornam5t ( ?is academy4 ,! memb]s likely to compose x 7 m5 ^: works w la/ z long z ! ,engli% language4 ,doctor ,swift w\ld h be5 "o1 & ,mr4 ,prior1 :om we _h among u z public m9i/]1 & :o enjoy$ a simil> reputation 9 ,engl& to t ( ,la ,fonta9e among ourselves4 ,!re 7 also ,mr4 ,pope1 ! ,engli% ,boileau1 & ,mr4 ,congreve1 :om !y call _! ,molire1 & _m m ^: names escape my recollection4 ,! que51 h[ev]1 dy+ sudd5ly1 ! ,:igs took x into _! heads to occupy !mselves 9 hang+ ! protectors ( academies1 a process :i* is v injuri\s to ! belles-lettres4 ,! memb]s ( ?is body w\ld h enjoy$ mu* great] advantages ?an 7 possess$ by ! fir/ :o compos$ ! ,fr5* ,academy4 ,swift1 ,prior1 ,congreve1 ,dryd51 ,pope1 ,addison1 & o!rs1 _h fix$ ! ,engli% language by _! writ+s1 :]eas ,*apela91 ,colletet1 ,cassaigne1 ,f>et1 & ,cot91 our fir/ academicians1 7 a sc&al to ! nation2 & _! names h become s ridicul\s t if any au?or _h ! mis=tune to be call$ ,*apela9 or ,cot9 at pres5t1 he w\ld be oblig$ to *ange 8 "n4 ,above all1 ! labors ( an ,engli% academy w\ld h mat]ially diff]$ f our own4 ,"o day1 a wit ( t c\ntry ask$ me = ! memoirs ( ! ,fr5* ,academy4 ,x composes no memoirs1 ,i repli$2 b x has caus$ sixty or eighty volumes ( complim5ts to be pr9t$4 ,he ran ?r\gh "o or two1 b 0 n able to compreh5d ! /yle1 al?\gh p]fectly able to und]/& our be/ au?ors4 ,all t ,i c le>n by ^! f9e compositions1 said he to me1 is1 t ! new memb]1 hav+ assur$ ! body t 8 pr$ecessor 0 a great man1 ,c>d9al ,ri*elieu a v great man1 & ,*ancellor ,sgui] a tol]ably great man1 ! presid5t replies by a simil> /r+ ( assurances1 to :i* he adds a new "o1 imply+ t ! new memb] is also a sort ( great man2 & z = himself1 ! presid5t1 he may also p]*ance possess a spice ( pret5sion4 ,x is easy to p]ceive by :at fatality all ! academic spee*es are s little honorable to ! body4 ,vitium e/ temporis1 potius quam hom9is4 ,x ins5sibly became a cu/om = e academician to repeat ^? eulogies at 8 reception2 & ?us ! body impos$ ^u !mselves a k9d ( obligation to fatigue ! public4 ,if we wi% to discov] ! reason :y ! mo/ brilliant among ! m5 ( g5ius1 :o h be5 *os5 by ?is body1 h s frequ5tly made ! wor/ spee*es1 ! cause may be easily expla9$4 ,x is1 t !y h be5 anxi\s to %9e1 & to treat worn-out matt] 9 a new way4 ,! necessity ( say+ some?+2 ! emb>rassm5t produc$ by ! consci\sness ( hav+ no?+ to say2 & ! desire to exhibit ability1 are ?ree ?+s suffici5t to r5d] ev5 a great man ridicul\s4 ,unable to discov] new ?\ghts1 ! new memb]s fatigue !mselves = novel t]ms ( expression1 & (t5 speak )\t ?9k+2 l m5 :o1 affect+ to *ew ) no?+ 9 _! m\?s1 seem to eat :ile p]i%+ ) hung]4 ,in/ead ( a law 9 ! ,fr5* ,academy to h ^! spee*es pr9t$1 a law %\ld be pass$ 9 prev5tion ( t absurdity4 ,! ,academy ( ,belles-,lettres impos$ ^u itself a task m judici\s & useful--t ( pres5t+ to ! public a collection ( memoirs compris+ ! mo/ critical & curi\s disquisitions & rese>*es4 ,^! memoirs are already held 9 great e/eem by =eign]s4 ,x is only desirable1 t "s subjects 7 treat$ m pr(\ndly1 & o!rs n treat$ ( at all4 ,!y might1 = example1 v well disp5se ) diss]tations ^u ! pr]ogative ( ! "r h& ov] ! left2 & ( o!r inquiries :i*1 "u a less ridicul\s title1 are n less frivol\s4 ,! ,academy ( ,sci5ces1 9 its m difficult & useful inve/igation1 embraces a /udy ( nature1 & ! improvem5t ( ! arts2 & x is to be expect$ t /udies s pr(\nd & p]sev]+ly pursu$1 calculations s exact1 & discov]ies s ref9$1 w 9 ! end produce a correspond+ b5efit to ! _w at l>ge4 ,z to ! ,fr5* ,academy1 :at s]vices might x n r5d] to lett]s1 to ! language1 & ! nation1 if1 in/ead ( pr9t+ volumes ( complim5ts e ye>1 x w\ld repr9t ! be/ works ( ! age ( ,l\is ,,xiv41 purifi$ f all ! faults ( language :i* h crept into !m6 ,corneille & ,molire are full ( !m1 & !y sw>m 9 ,la ,fonta9e4 ,^? :i* c\ld n be correct$ might at lea/ be m>k$1 & ,europe at l>ge1 :i* reads ^! au?ors1 w\ld !n le>n our language ) c]ta9ty1 & its purity w\ld be =ev] fix$4 ,good ,fr5* books1 pr9t$ ) c>e at ! exp5se ( ! k+1 w\ld be "o ( ! mo/ glori\s monum5ts ( ! nation4 ,i h he>d say1 t ,m4 ,despraux once made ?is proposal1 :i* has s9ce be5 r5ew$ by a man ^: wit1 wisdom1 & s\nd criticism are g5]ally ackn[l$g$2 b ?is idea has met ) ! fate ( sev]al o!r useful projects--t ( be+ approv$ & neglect$4 ,,socrates4 ,is ! m\ld brok5 ( ^? :o lov$ virtue = itself1 ( a ,confucius1 a ,py?agoras1 a ,?ales1 a ,socrates8 ,9 _! "t1 !re 7 cr[ds ( devotees to _! pagods & div9ities2 m9ds /ruck ) fe> ( ,c]b]us & ( ! ,furies1 :o und]w5t initiations1 pilgrimages1 & my/]ies1 :o ru9$ !mselves 9 (f]+s ( black %eep4 ,all times h se5 ^? un=tunates ( :om ,lucretius speaks3 ,qui quocumque tam5 mis]i v5]e p>5tant1 ,et nigras mactant pecudes1 et manibu ,divis ,9 f]ias mittunt2 multoque 9 rebus ac]bis ,acrius adv]tunt animus ad religionem4 --,,lucretius1 iii1 #ea-ed4 ,:o sacrifice black %eep on e tomb ,to please ! manes2 & ( all ! r\t ,:5 c>es & dang]s press1 gr[ mo/ dev\t4 --,,cree*4 ,mortifications 7 9 use2 ! prie/s ( ,cybele ca/rat$ !mselves to pres]ve cont95ce4 ,h[ comes x1 t among all ! m>tyrs ( sup]/ition1 antiquity reckons n a s+le great man--a sage8 ,x is1 t fe> c\ld nev] make virtue1 & t great m5 h be5 en?usia/s 9 moral good4 ,wisdom 0 _! pr$om9ant passion2 !y 7 sages z ,alex&] 0 a w>rior1 z ,hom] 0 a poet1 & ,apelles a pa9t]--by a sup]ior en]gy & nature2 :i* is all t is meant by ! demon ( ,socrates4 ,"o day1 two citiz5s ( ,a!ns1 return+ f ! temple ( ,m]cury1 p]ceiv$ ,socrates 9 ! public place4 ,"o said to ! o!r3 ,is n t ! rascal :o says t "o c be virtu\s )\t go+ e day to (f] up %eep & geese8 ,yes1 said ! o!r1 t is ! sage :o has no religion2 t is ! a!i/ :o says !re is only "o ,god4 ,socrates approa*$ !m ) 8 simple air1 8 dmon1 & 8 irony1 :i* ,madame ,daci] has s highly exalt$4 ,my fri5ds1 said he to !m1 "o ^w1 if y please3 a man :o prays to ,god1 :o adores ,him1 :o seeks to resemble ,him z mu* z human weakness c d1 & :o does all ! good :i* lies 9 8 p[]1 :at w\ld y call him8 ,a v religi\s s\l1 said !y4 ,v well2 we may !re=e adore ! ,supreme ,be+1 & h a great deal ( religion8 ,grant$1 said ! two ,a!nians4 ,b d y believe1 pursu$ ,socrates1 t :5 ! ,div9e ,ar*itect ( ! _w arrang$ all ! globes :i* roll ov] our heads1 :5 ,he gave motion & life to s _m diff]5t be+s1 ,he made use ( ! arm ( ,h]cules1 ! lyre ( ,apollo1 or ! flute ( ,pan8 ,x is n probable1 said !y4 ,b if x is n likely t ,he call$ 9 ! aid ( o!rs to con/ruct t :i* we see1 x is n probable t ,he pres]ves x ?r\gh o!rs r ?an ?r\gh ,himself4 ,if ,neptune 0 ! absolute ma/] ( ! sea1 ,juno ( ! air1 olus ( ! w9ds1 ,c]es ( h>ve/s--& "o w\ld h a calm1 :5 ! o!r w\ld h ra9--y feel cle>ly1 t ! ord] ( nature c\ld n exi/ z x is4 ,y w confess1 t all dep5ds ^u ,him :o has made all4 ,y give f\r :ite horses to ! sun1 & f\r black ones to ! moon2 b is x n m likely1 t day & night are ! effect ( ! motion giv5 to ! />s by _! ,ma/]1 ?an t !y 7 produc$ by eight horses8 ,! two citiz5s look$ at him1 b answ]$ no?+4 ,9 %ort1 ,socrates conclud$ by prov+ to !m1 t !y might h h>ve/s )\t giv+ money to ! prie/s ( ,c]es2 g to ! *ase )\t (f]+ little silv] /atues to ! temple ( ,diana2 t ,pomona gave n fruits2 t ,neptune gave n horses2 & t !y %\ld ?ank ! ,sov]eign :o _h made all4 ,8 disc\rse 0 mo/ exactly logical4 ,x5ophon1 8 disciple1 a man :o knew ! _w1 & :o aft]w>ds sacrific$ to ! w9d1 9 ! retreat ( ! t5 ?\s&1 took ,socrates by ! sleeve1 & said to him3 ,y\r disc\rse is admirable2 y h spok5 bett] ?an an oracle2 y are lo/2 "o ( ^! hone/ p to :om y speak is a but*]1 :o sells %eep & geese = sacrifices2 & ! o!r a goldsmi?1 :o ga9s mu* by mak+ little gods ( silv] & brass = wom54 ,!y w accuse y ( be+ a blasphem]1 :o w\ld dim9i% _! trade2 !y w depose aga9/ y to ,melitus & ,anitus1 y\r enemies1 :o h resolv$ ^u y\r ru93 h a c>e ( hemlock2 y\r famili> _s %\ld h w>n$ y n to say to a but*] & a goldsmi? :at y %\ld only say to ,plato & ,x5ophon4 ,"s "t aft]1 ! enemies ( ,socrates caus$ him to be condemn$ by ! c\ncil ( five hundr$4 ,he _h two hundr$ & tw5ty voices 9 8 favor1 :i* may cause x to be presum$ t !re 7 two hundr$ & tw5ty philosoph]s 9 ?is tribunal2 b x %[s t1 9 all companies1 ! numb] ( philosoph]s is always ! m9ority4 ,socrates !re=e drank hemlock1 = hav+ spok5 9 favor ( ! unity ( ,god2 & ! ,a!nians aft]w>ds consecrat$ a temple to ,socrates--to him :o disput$ aga9/ all temples d$icat$ to inf]ior be+s4 ,,solomon4 ,sev]al k+s h be5 good s*ol>s1 & h writt5 good books4 ,! k+ ( ,prussia1 ,fr$]ick ! ,great1 is ! late/ example we h _h ( x3 ,g]man mon>*s w be f\nd :o compose ,fr5* v]ses1 & :o write ! hi/ory ( _! c\ntries4 ,james ,i4 9 ,engl&1 & ev5 ,h5ry ,,viii4 h writt54 ,9 ,spa91 we mu/ g back z f> z ,alphonso ,x4 ,/ill x is d\btful :e!r he put 8 h& to ! ,alphons9e ,tables4 ,france _c boa/ ( hav+ _h an au?or k+4 ,! empire ( ,g]many has no book f ! p5 ( its emp]ors2 b ,rome 0 glorifi$ 9 ,cs>1 ,m>cus ,aurelius1 & ,julian4 ,9 ,asia1 sev]al writ]s are reckon$ among ! k+s4 ,! pres5t emp]or ( ,*9a1 ,ki5 ,long1 p>ticul>ly1 is consid]$ a great poet2 b ,solomon1 or ,solyman1 ! ,hebrew1 has /ill m reputation ?an ,ki5 ,long1 ! ,*9ese4 ,! "n ( ,solomon has always be5 rev]$ 9 ! ,ea/4 ,! works believ$ to be 81 ! ,annals ( ! ,jews1 & ! fables ( ! ,arabs1 h c>ri$ 8 r5[n z f> z ! ,indies4 ,8 reign is ! great epo* ( ! ,hebrews4 ,he 0 ! ?ird k+ ( ,pale/9e4 ,! ,fir/ ,book ( ,k+s says t 8 "m1 ,ba?%eba1 obta9$ f ,david1 ! promise t he %\ld cr[n ,solomon1 h] son1 in/ead ( ,adonijah1 8 elde/4 ,x is n surpris+ t a woman1 an accomplice 9 ! dea? ( h] fir/ husb&1 %\ld h _h artifice en\gh to cause ! inh]itance to be giv5 to ! fruit ( h] adult]y1 & to cause ! legitimate son to be dis9h]it$1 :o 0 also ! elde/4 ,x is a v rem>kable fact t ! prophet ,na?an1 :o reproa*$ ,david ) 8 adult]y1 ! murd] ( ,uriah1 & ! m>riage :i* foll[$ ?is murd]1 0 ! same :o aft]w>ds second$ ,ba?%eba 9 plac+ t ,solomon on ! ?rone1 :o 0 born ( ?is sangu9e & infam\s m>riage4 ,?is conduct1 reason+ accord+ to ! fle%1 w\ld prove1 t ! prophet ,na?an _h1 accord+ to circum/ances1 two weights & two measures4 ,! book ev5 says n t ,na?an receiv$ a p>ticul> mission f ,god to dis9h]it ,adonijah4 ,if he _h "o1 we mu/ respect x2 b we _c admit t we f9d x writt54 ,x is a great "q 9 !ology1 :e!r ,solomon is mo/ r5[n$ = 8 ready money1 8 wives1 or 8 books4 ,i am sorry t he comm5c$ 8 reign 9 ! ,turki% /yle by murd]+ 8 bro!r4 ,adonijah1 exclud$ f ! ?rone by ,solomon1 ask$ him1 z an only favor1 p]mission to esp\se ,abi%ag1 ! "y girl :o _h be5 giv5 to ,david to w>m him 9 8 old age4 ,scripture says n :e!r ,solomon disput$ ) ,adonijah1 ! concub9e ( 8 fa!r2 b x says1 t ,solomon1 simply on ?is dem& ( ,adonijah1 caus$ him to be assass9at$4 ,app>5tly ,god1 :o gave him ! _s ( wisdom1 refus$ him t ( ju/ice & humanity1 z he aft]w>ds refus$ him ! gift ( cont95ce4 ,x is said 9 ! same ,book ( ,k+s t he 0 ! ma/] ( a great k+dom :i* ext5d$ f ! ,euphrates to ! ,r$ ,sea & ! ,m$it]ranean2 b un=tunately x is said at ! same "t1 t ! k+ ( ,egypt conqu]$ ! c\ntry ( ,gez]1 9 ,canaan1 & t he gave ! city ( ,gez] z a portion to 8 daught]1 :om x is pret5d$ t ,solomon esp\s$4 ,x is also said t !re 0 a k+ at ,damascus2 & ! k+doms ( ,tyre & ,sidon fl\ri%$4 ,surr\nd$ ?us ) p[]ful /ates1 he d\btless manife/$ 8 wisdom 9 liv+ 9 peace ) !m all4 ,! extreme abundance :i* enri*$ 8 c\ntry c\ld only be ! fruit ( ?is pr(\nd wisdom1 s9ce1 z we h already rem>k$1 9 ! "t ( ,saul !re 0 n a work] 9 iron 9 ! :ole c\ntry4 ,^? :o reason f9d x difficult to und]/& h[ ,david1 ! successor ( ,saul1 s vanqui%$ by ! ,phili/9es1 c\ld h e/abli%$ s va/ an empire4 ,! ri*es :i* he left to ,solomon are /ill m wond]ful2 he gave him 9 ready money "o hundr$ & ?ree ?\s& tal5ts ( gold1 & "o million ?irte5 ?\s& tal5ts ( silv]4 ,! ,hebraic tal5t ( gold1 accord+2 to ,arbu?not1 is wor? six ?\s& livres /]l+1 ! tal5t ( silv]1 ab\t five hundr$ livres /]l+4 ,! sum total ( ! legacy 9 ready money1 )\t ! jewels & o!r effects1 & )\t ! ord9>y rev5ue--proportion$ no d\bt to ?is treasure--am\nt$1 accord+ to ?is calculation1 to "o billion1 "o hundr$ & n9ete5 millions1 five hundr$ ?\s& p\nds /]l+1 or to five billions1 five hundr$ & n9ety-sev5 cr[ns ( ,g]many1 or to tw5ty-five billions1 =ty-eight millions ( francs4 ,!re 0 n !n s mu* money circulat+ ?r\gh ! :ole _w4 ,"s s*ol>s value ?is treasure at a little less1 b ! sum is always v l>ge = ,pale/9e4 ,we see n1 aft] t1 :y ,solomon %\ld torm5t himself s mu* to s5d fleets to ,ophir to br+ gold4 ,we c /ill less div9e h[ ?is p[]ful mon>*1 9 8 va/ /ates1 _h n a man :o knew h[ to fa%ion wood f ! =e/ ( ,libanus4 ,he 0 oblig$ to beg ,hiram1 k+ ( ,tyre1 to l5d him wood cutt]s & labor]s to "w x4 ,x mu/ be confess$ t ^! contradictions exce$+ly ex]cise ! g5ius ( comm5tators4 ,e day1 fifty ox51 & "o hundr$ %eep 7 s]v$ up = ! d9n] & supp] ( 8 h\ses1 & p\ltry & game 9 proportion1 :i* might be ab\t sixty ?\s& p\nds weight ( meat p] day4 ,he kept a good h\se4 ,x is add$1 t he _h =ty ?\s& /ables1 & z _m h\ses = 8 *>iots ( w>1 b only twelve ?\s& /ables = 8 cavalry4 ,"h is a great numb] ( *>iots = a m\nta9\s c\ntry2 & x 0 a great equipage = a k+ ^: pr$ecessor _h only a mule at 8 coronation1 & a t]ritory :i* br$ asses alone4 ,x 0 n becom+ a pr9ce possess+ s _m *>iots to be limit$ 9 ! article ( wom52 he !re=e possess$ sev5 hundr$ :o bore ! "n ( que52 & :at is /range1 he _h b ?ree hundr$ concub9es2 contr>y to ! cu/om ( k+s1 :o h g5]ally m mi/resses ?an wives4 ,he kept f\r hundr$ & twelve ?\s& horses1 d\btless to take ! air ) !m along ! lake ( ,g5nes>et1 or t ( ,sodom1 9 ! neighborhood ( ! ,brook ( ,k$ron1 :i* w\ld be "o ( ! mo/ delightful places ^u e>?1 if ! brook 0 n dry n9e mon?s ( ! ye>1 & if ! e>? 0 n horribly /ony4 ,z to ! temple :i* he built1 & :i* ! ,jews believ$ to be ! f9e/ "w ( ! univ]se1 if ! ,bramantes1 ! ,mi*elangelos1 & ! ,palladios1 _h se5 ?is build+1 !y w\ld n h admir$ x4 ,x 0 a k9d ( small squ>e =tress1 :i* enclos$ a c\rt2 9 ?is c\rt 0 "o edifice ( =ty cubits long1 & ano!r ( tw5ty2 & x is said1 t ?is second edifice1 :i* 0 prop]ly ! temple1 ! oracle1 ! holy ( holies1 0 only tw5ty cubits 9 l5g? & bread?1 & tw5ty cubits high4 ,m4 ,s\flot w\ld n h be5 q pleas$ ) ^? proportions4 ,! books attribut$ to ,solomon h la/$ long] ?an 8 temple4 ,! "n ( ! au?or alone has r5d]$ ^! books respectable4 ,!y %\ld be good1 s9ce !y 7 writt5 by a k+1 & ?is k+ pass$ = ! wise/ ( m54 ,! fir/ "w attribut$ to him is t ( ,prov]bs4 ,x is a collection ( maxims1 :i* sometimes appe> to our ref9$ m9ds trifl+1 l[1 incoh]5t1 9 bad ta/e1 & )\t mean+4 ,p _c be p]suad$ t an enlight5$ k+ has compos$ a collection ( s5t5ces1 9 :i* !re is n "o :i* reg>ds ! art ( gov]nm5t1 politics1 mann]s ( c\rti]s1 or cu/oms ( a c\rt4 ,!y are a/oni%$ at see+ :ole *apt]s 9 :i* no?+ is spok5 ( b pro/itutes1 :o invite pass5g]s 9 ! /reets to lie ) !m4 ,!y revolt aga9/ s5t5ces 9 ! foll[+ /yle3 ,!re are ?ree ?+s t are nev] satisfi$1 a f\r? :i* nev] says 'en\gh'2 ! grave2 ! b>r5 womb2 ! e>? t is n fill$ ) wat]1 are ! ?ree2 & ! f\r? is fire1 :i* nev] saye? 'en\gh4' ,!re be ?ree ?+s :i* are too wond]ful = me2 yea1 f\r :i* ,i "k n4 ,! way ( an eagle 9 ! air1 ! way ( a s]p5t ^u a rock1 ! way ( a %ip 9 ! mid/ ( ! sea1 & ! way ( a man ) a maid4 ,!re be f\r ?+s :i* are little ^u ! e>?1 b !y are exce$+ wise4 ,! ants are a p n /rong1 yet !y prep>e _! meat 9 ! summ]2 ! conies are b a feeble race1 yet !y make _! h\ses 9 rocks2 ! locu/s h no k+1 yet g !y =? all ( !m by b&s2 ! spid] take? hold ) h] h&s1 & is 9 k+s' palaces4 ,c we impute su* follies z ^! to a great k+1 to ! wise/ ( mortals8 say ! objectors4 ,?is criticism is /rong2 x %\ld deliv] itself ) m respect4 ,! ,prov]bs h be5 attribut$ to ,isaiah1 ,elijah1 ,sobna1 ,eliakim1 ,joa*im1 & sev]al o!rs2 b :oev] compil$ ?is collection ( ,ea/]n s5t5ces1 x does n appe> t x 0 a k+ :o gave himself ! tr\ble4 ,w\ld he h said t ! t]ror ( ! k+ is l ! ro>+ ( a lion8 ,x is ?us t a subject or a slave speaks1 :o trembles at ! ang] ( 8 ma/]4 ,w\ld ,solomon h spok5 s mu* ( un*a/e wom58 ,w\ld he h said3 ,look ?\ n ^u ! w9e :5 x is r$1 :5 x give? its color 9 ! glass8 ,i d\bt v mu* :e!r !re 7 any dr9k+ glasses 9 ! "t ( ,solomon2 x is a v rec5t inv5tion2 all antiquity drank f cups ( wood or metal2 & ?is s+le passage p]haps indicates t ?is ,jewi% collection 0 compos$ 9 ,alex&ria1 z well z mo/ ( ! o!r ,jewi% books4 ,! ,book ( ,ecclesia/es1 :i* is attribut$ to ,solomon1 is 9 q a diff]5t ord] & ta/e4 ,he :o speaks 9 ?is "w seems n to be deceiv$ by visions ( gr&eur1 to be tir$ ( pleasures1 & disgu/$ ) sci5ce4 ,we h tak5 him = an ,epicurean :o repeats on ea* page1 t ! j & unju/ are subject to ! same accid5ts2 t man is no?+ m ?an ! bea/ :i* p]i%es2 t x is bett] n to be born ?an to exi/2 t !re is no o!r life2 & t !re is no?+ m good & reasonable ?an to enjoy ! fruit ( our labors ) a woman :om we love4 ,x might happ5 t ,solomon held su* disc\rse ) "s ( 8 wives2 & x is pret5d$ t ^! are objections :i* he made2 b ^! maxims1 :i* h a lib]t9e air1 d n at all resemble objections2 & x is a joke to pr(ess to und]/& 9 an au?or ! exact contr>y ( t :i* he says4 ,we believe t we read ! s5tim5ts ( a mat]iali/1 at once s5sual & disgu/$1 :o appe>s to h put an edify+ ^w or two on ,god 9 ! la/ v]se1 to dim9i% ! sc&al :i* su* a book mu/ necess>ily create4 ,z to ! re/1 sev]al fa!rs say t ,solomon did p5ance2 s t we c p>don him4 ,critics h difficulty 9 p]suad+ !mselves t ?is book c be by ,solomon2 & ,grotius pret5ds t x 0 writt5 "u ,z]ubbabel4 ,x is n natural = ,solomon to say3 ,woe to !e1 ,o l&1 :5 ?y k+ is a *ild6 ,! ,jews _h n !n su* k+s4 ,x is n natural = him to say3 ,i obs]ve ! face ( ! k+4 ,x is mu* m likely1 t ! au?or spoke ( ,solomon1 & t by ?is ali5ation ( m9d1 :i* we discov] 9 s _m rabb9s1 he has (t5 =gott51 9 ! c\rse ( ! book1 t x 0 a k+ :om he caus$ to speak4 ,:at appe>s surpris+ to !m is t ?is "w has be5 consecrat$ among ! canonical books4 ,if ! canon ( ! ,bible 7 to be e/abli%$ n[1 say !y1 p]haps ! ,book ( ,ecclesia/es might n be ins]t$2 b x 0 ins]t$ at a "t :5 books 7 v r>e1 & m admir$ ?an read4 ,all t c be done n[ is to palliate ! ,epicureanism :i* prevails 9 ?is "w4 ,! ,book ( ,ecclesia/es has be5 treat$ l _m o!r ?+s :i* disgu/ 9 a p>ticul> mann]4 ,be+ e/abli%$ 9 times ( ignorance1 we are =c$1 to ! sc&al ( reason1 to ma9ta9 !m 9 wis] times1 & to disguise ! horror or absurdity ( !m by allegories4 ,^! critics are too bold4 ,! ,song ( ,songs is fur!r attribut$ to ,solomon1 because ! "n ( t k+ is f\nd 9 two or ?ree places2 because x is said to ! belov$1 t %e is beautiful z ! curta9s ( ,solomon2 because %e says t %e is black1 by :i* epi!t x is believ$ t ,solomon designat$ 8 ,egyptian wife4 ,^! ?ree reasons h n prov$ conv9c+3 #a4 ,:5 ! belov$1 9 speak+ to h] lov]1 says ,! k+ ha? br\ght me into 8 *amb]1 %e evid5tly speaks ( ano!r ?an h] lov]2 !re=e ! k+ is n ?is lov]2 x is ! k+ ( ! fe/ival2 x is ! p>anymph1 ! ma/] ( ! h\se1 :om %e means2 & ?is ,jewess is s f> f be+ ! mi/ress ( a k+1 t ?r\gh\t ! "w %e is a %eph]dess1 a c\ntry girl1 :o goes seek+ h] lov] ?r\gh ! fields1 & 9 ! /reets ( ! t[n1 & :o is /opp$ at ! gates by a port] :o /eals h] g>m5t4 #b4 ,i am beautiful z ! curta9s ( ,solomon1 is ! expression ( a villag]1 :o w\ld say3 ,i am z beautiful z ! k+'s tape/ries2 & x is precisely because ! "n ( ,solomon is f\nd 9 ?is "w1 t x _c be 84 ,:at mon>* c\ld make s ridicul\s a comp>ison8 ,behold1 says ! belov$1 behold ,k+ ,solomon ) ! cr[n :]e) 8 "m cr[n$ him 9 ! day ( 8 esp\sals6 ,:o recognizes n 9 ^! expressions ! common comp>isons :i* girls make 9 speak+ ( _! lov]s8 ,!y say3 ,he is z beautiful z a pr9ce2 he has ! air ( a k+1 etc4 ,x is true t ! %eph]dess1 :o is made to speak 9 ?is amor\s song1 says t %e is tann$ by ! sun1 t %e is br[n4 ,n[ if ?is 0 ! daught] ( ! k+ ( ,egypt1 %e 0 n s tann$4 ,females ( quality 9 ,egypt 7 fair4 ,cleopatra 0 s2 &1 9 a ^w1 ?is p]son c\ld n be at once a peasant & a que54 ,a mon>* :o _h a ?\s& wives might h said to "o ( !m3 ,let h] kiss me ) ! lips ( h] m\?2 = ?y brea/s are bett] ?an w9e4 ,a k+ & a %eph]d1 :5 ! subject is ( kiss+1 might express !mselves 9 ! same mann]4 ,x is true1 t x is /range en\gh x %\ld be pret5d$1 t ! girl speaks 9 ?is place1 & eulogizes ! brea/s ( h] lov]4 ,we fur!r av[ t a gallant k+ might h said to 8 mi/ress3 ,a bundle ( myrrh is my well belov$ unto me2 he %all lie all night betwe5 my brea/s4 ,t he might h said to h]3 ,?y navel is l a r\nd goblet :i* wante? n liquor2 ?y belly is l a heap ( :eat set ab\t ) lilies2 ?y two brea/s are l two "y roes t are tw9s2 ?y neck is z a t[] ( ivory2 ?9e eyes l ! fi% pools 9 ,he%bon2 & ?y nose z ! t[] ( ,lebanon4 ,i confess t ! ,eclogues ( ,virgil are 9 a diff]5t /yle2 b ea* has 8 own1 & a ,jew is n oblig$ to write l ,virgil4 ,we h n notic$ ?is f9e turn ( ,ea/]n eloqu5ce3 ,we h a little si/]1 & %e ha? no brea/s4 ,:at %all we d = our si/] 9 ! day :5 %e %all be spok5 =8 ,if %e be a wall1 we w build ^u h]2 & if %e be a door1 we w close x4 ,solomon1 ! wise/ ( m51 might h spok5 ?us 9 8 m]ry moods2 b sev]al rabb9s h ma9ta9$1 n only t ?is voluptu\s eclogue 0 n ,k+ ,solomon's1 b t x is n au!ntic4 ,!odore ( ,mopsue/es 0 ( ?is op9ion1 & ! celebrat$ ,grotius calls ! ,song ( ,songs1 a lib]t9e flagiti\s "w4 ,h[ev]1 x is consecrat$1 & we reg>d x z a p]petual allegory ( ! m>riage ( ,jesus ,*ri/ ) ! ,*ur*4 ,we mu/ confess1 t ! allegory is r /rong1 & we see n :at ! ,*ur* c\ld und]/&1 :5 ! au?or says t 8 little si/] has no brea/s4 ,aft] all1 ?is song is a preci\s relic ( antiquity2 x is ! only book ( love ( ! ,hebrews :i* rema9s to u4 ,enjoym5t is (t5 spok5 ( 9 x4 ,x is a ,jewi% eclogue4 ,! /yle is l t ( all ! eloqu5t works ( ! ,hebrews1 )\t connection1 )\t ord]1 full ( repetition1 confus$1 ridicul\sly metaphorical1 b conta9+ passages :i* brea! simplicity & love4 ,! ,book ( ,wisdom is 9 a m s]i\s ta/e2 b x is no m ,solomon's ?an ! ,song ( ,songs4 ,x is g5]ally attribut$ to ,jesus1 ! son ( ,sirac1 & by "s to ,philo ( ,biblos2 b :oev] may be ! au?or1 x is believ$1 t 9 8 "t ! ,p5tateu* did n exi/2 = he says 9 *apt] x41 t ,abraham 0 go+ to sacrifice ,isaac at ! "t ( ! ,deluge2 & 9 ano!r place he speaks ( ! patri>* ,joseph z ( a k+ ( ,egypt4 ,at lea/1 x is ! mo/ natural s5se4 ,! wor/ ( x is1 t ! au?or 9 ! same *apt] pret5ds1 t 9 8 "t ! /atue ( salt into :i* ,lot's wife 0 *ang$ 0 to be se54 ,:at critics f9d /ill worse is t ! book appe>s to !m a tiresome mass ( commonplaces2 b !y %\ld consid] t su* works are n made to foll[ ! va9 rules ( eloqu5ce4 ,!y are writt5 to edify1 & n to please1 & we %\ld ev5 combat our dis9cl9ation to read !m4 ,x is v likely t ,solomon 0 ri* & le>n$ = 8 "t & p4 ,exagg]ation1 ! insep>able companion ( greatness1 attributes ri*es to him :i* he c\ld n h possess$1 & books :i* he c\ld n h writt54 ,respect = antiquity has s9ce consecrat$ ^! errors4 ,b :at signifies x to u1 t ^! books 7 writt5 by a ,jew8 ,our ,*ri/ian religion is f\nd$ on ! ,jewi%1 b n on all ! books :i* ! ,jews h writt54 ,= in/ance1 :y %\ld ! ,song ( ,songs be m sacr$ to u ?an ! fables ( ,talmud8 ,x is1 say !y1 because we h compris$ x 9 ! canon ( ! ,hebrews4 ,& :at is ?is canon8 ,x is a collection ( au!ntic works4 ,well1 mu/ a "w be div9e to be au!ntic8 ,a hi/ory ( ! little k+doms ( ,judah & ,si*em1 = in/ance--is x any?+ b a hi/ory8 ,?is is a /range prejudice4 ,we hold ! ,jews 9 horror1 & we insi/ t all :i* has be5 writt5 by !m1 & collect$ by u1 be>s ! /amp ( ,div9ity4 ,!re nev] 0 s palpable a contradiction4 ,,somnambuli/s ,,& ,,dream]s4 ,,section ,i4 ,i h se5 a somnambuli/1 b he cont5t$ himself ) ris+1 dress+ himself1 mak+ a b[1 & danc+ a m9uet1 all :i* he did v prop]ly2 & hav+ aga9 undress$ himself1 return$ to b$ & cont9u$ to sleep4 ,?is comes n ne> ! somnambuli/ ( ! ,encyclopdia4 ,! la/ 0 a "y sem9>i/1 :o set himself to compose a s]mon 9 8 sleep4 ,he wrote x correctly1 read x f "o end to ! o!r1 or at lea/ appe>$ to read x1 made corrections1 eras$ "s l9es1 sub/itut$ o!rs1 & ins]t$ an omitt$ ^w4 ,he ev5 compos$ music1 not$ x ) precision1 & aft] prep>+ 8 pap] ) 8 rul]1 plac$ ! words "u ! notes )\t ! lea/ mi/ake4 ,x is said1 t an ar*bi%op ( ,bordeaux has witness$ all ^! op]ations1 & _m o!rs equally a/oni%+4 ,x is to be wi%$ t ?is prelate _h affix$ 8 atte/ation to ! acc\nt1 sign$ by 8 gr& vic>s1 or at lea/ by 8 secret>y4 ,b suppos+ t ?is somnambuli/ has done all :i* is imput$ to him1 ,i w\ld p]si/ 9 putt+ ! same qu]ies to him z to a simple dream]4 ,i w\ld say to him3 ,y h dream$ m =cibly ?an ano!r2 b x is ^u ! same pr9ciple2 "o has _h a fev] only1 ! o!r a degree ( madness2 b bo? ! "o & ! o!r h receiv$ ideas & s5sations to :i* !y h n att5d$4 ,y h bo? done :at y did n int5d to d4 ,( two dream]s1 ! "o has n a s+le idea1 ! o!r a cr[d2 ! "o is z ins5sible z m>ble1 :ile ! o!r exp]i5ces desires & enjoym5ts4 ,a lov] composes a song on 8 mi/ress 9 a dream1 & 9 8 delirium imag9es himself to be read+ a t5d] lett] f h]1 :i* he repeats al\d3 ,scribit amatori m]etrix2 dat adult]a munus ,9 noctis spatio mis]orum vuln]a durant4 --,,petronius1 *ap4 civ4 ,does any?+ pass )9 y dur+ ?is p[]ful dream m ?an :at passes e day :5 y are awake8 ,y1 ,mr4 ,sem9>i/1 born ) ! gift ( imitation1 y h li/5$ to "s hundr$ s]mons1 & y\r bra9 is prep>$ to make !m3 mov$ by ! tal5t ( imitation1 y h writt5 !m wak+2 & y are l$ by ! same tal5t & impulse :5 y are asleep4 ,b h[ h y be5 able to become a prea*] 9 a dream8 ,y w5t to sleep1 )\t any desire to prea*4 ,rememb] well ! fir/ "t t y 7 l$ to compose ! sket* ( a s]mon :ile awake4 ,y ?\ght n ( x a qu>t] ( an h\r be=e2 b seat$ 9 y\r *amb]1 occupi$ 9 a rev]ie1 )\t any det]m9ate ideas1 y\r memory recalls1 )\t y\r w int]f]+1 ! remembrance ( a c]ta9 holiday2 ?is holiday rem9ds y t s]mons are deliv]$ on t day2 y rememb] a text2 ?is text sugge/s an exordium2 p5s1 ink1 & pap]1 are ly+ ne> y2 & y beg9 to write ?+s y _h n ! lea/ previ\s int5tion ( writ+4 ,su* is precisely :at came to pass 9 y\r noctambulism4 ,y believe y\rself1 bo? 9 ! "o & ! o!r occupation1 to h done only :at y int5d$ to d2 & y h be5 direct$ )\t consci\sness by all :i* prec$$ ! writ+ ( ! s]mon4 ,9 ! same mann] :51 on com+ f vesp]s1 y are %ut up 9 y\r cell to m$itate1 y h no design to occupy y\rself ) ! image ( y\r fair neighbor2 b x someh[ or ano!r intrudes2 y\r imag9ation is inflam$2 & ,i ne$ n ref] to ! consequ5ces4 ,y may h exp]i5c$ ! same adv5ture 9 y\r sleep4 ,:at %>e has y\r w _h 9 all ^! modifications ( s5sation8 ,! same t x has _h 9 ! c\rs+ ( y\r blood ?r\gh y\r art]ies & ve9s1 9 ! action ( y\r lymphatic vessels1 or 9 ! pulsation ( y\r he>t1 or ( y\r bra94 ,i h read ! article on ,dreams 9 ! ,encyclopdia1 & h und]/ood no?+2 & :5 ,i se>* aft] ! cause ( my ideas & actions1 ei!r 9 sleep+ or wak+1 ,i am equally conf\nd$4 ,i "k well1 t a reason] :o w\ld prove to me :5 ,i wake1 & :5 ,i am nei!r mad nor intoxicat$1 t ,i am !n an active ag5t1 w\ld b slightly emb>rass me2 b ,i %\ld be /ill m emb>rass$ if ,i und]took to prove to him t :5 he slept he 0 passive & a pure automaton4 ,expla9 to me an animal :o is a m]e ma*9e "o-half ( 8 life1 & :o *anges 8 nature twice e tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 ,,section ,,ii4 ,lett] on ,dreams to ! ,editor ( ! ,lit]>y ,gazette1 ,augu/1 #agfd4 ,g5tlem53 ,all ! objects ( sci5ce are )9 y\r jurisdiction2 all[ *im]as to be s also4 ,nil sub sole novum--no?+ new "u ! sun4 ,?us x is n ( any?+ :i* passes 9 noonday t ,i am go+ to treat1 b ( t :i* takes place dur+ ! night4 ,be n al>m$2 x is only ) dreams t ,i conc]n myself4 ,i confess1 g5tlem51 t ,i am con/antly ( ! op9ion ( ! physician ( ,m4 ,p\rceaugnac2 he inquires ( 8 pati5t ! nature ( 8 dreams1 & ,m4 ,p\rceaugnac1 :o is n a philosoph]1 replies t !y are ( ! nature ( dreams4 ,x is mo/ c]ta9 h[ev]1 ) no (f5ce to y\r ,lim\s91 t uneasy & horrible dreams d5ote pa9 ei!r ( body or m9d2 a body ov]*>g$ ) alim5t1 or a m9d occupi$ ) melan*oly ideas :5 awake4 ,! labor] :o has wak$ )\t *agr91 & f$ )\t excess1 sleeps s\nd & tranquil1 & dreams di/urb him n2 s long z he is 9 ?is /ate1 he seldom rememb]s hav+ a dream--a tru? :i* ,i h fully asc]ta9$ on my e/ate 9 ,h]e=d%ire4 ,e dream ( a =cible nature is produc$ by "s excess1 ei!r 9 ! passions ( ! s\l1 or ! n\ri%m5t ( ! body2 x seems z if nature int5d$ to puni% u = !m1 by sugge/+ ideas1 & mak+ u ?9k 9 spite ( ourselves4 ,x may be inf]r$ f ?is1 t ^? :o ?9k ! lea/ are ! mo/ happy2 b x is n t conclusion :i* ,i seek to e/abli%4 ,we mu/ ackn[l$ge1 ) ,petronius1 ,quidquid luce fuit1 t5ebris agit4 ,i h kn[n advocates :o h plead$ 9 dreams2 ma!maticians :o h s\ght to solve problems2 & poets :o h compos$ v]ses4 ,i h made "s myself1 :i* are v passable4 ,x is !re=e inconte/able1 t consecutive ideas occur 9 sleep1 z well z :5 we are awake1 :i* ideas z c]ta9ly come 9 spite ( u4 ,we ?9k :ile sleep+1 z we move 9 our b$s1 )\t our w hav+ any?+ to d ei!r 9 ! motive or ! ?\ght4 ,y\r ,fa!r ,malebran*e is "r 9 ass]t+ t we are n able to give ourselves ideas4 ,= :y are we to be ma/]s ( !m1 :5 wak+1 m ?an dur+ sleep8 ,if y\r ,malebran*e _h /opp$ !re1 he w\ld h be5 a great philosoph]2 he deceiv$ himself only by go+ too f>3 ( him we may say3 ,processit longe flammantia mnia mundi4 --,,lucretius1 i1 #gd4 ,8 vigor\s & active m9d 0 hurl$ ,beyond ! flam+ limits ( ?is _w4 --,,cree*4 ,= my "p1 ,i am p]suad$ t ! reflection t our ?\ghts proce$ n f ourselves1 may induce ! visit ( "s v good ?\ghts4 ,i w n1 h[ev]1 und]take to develop m9e1 = fe> ( tir+ "s read]s1 & a/oni%+ o!rs4 ,i simply beg to say two or ?ree words 9 relation to dreams4 ,h y n f\nd1 l me1 t !y are ! orig9 ( ! op9ion s g5]ally diffus$ ?r\gh\t antiquity1 t\*+ spectres & manes8 ,a man pr(\ndly afflict$ at ! dea? ( 8 wife or 8 son1 sees !m 9 8 sleep2 he speaks to !m2 !y reply to him2 & to him !y h c]ta9ly appe>$4 ,o!r m5 h _h simil> dreams2 x is !re=e impossible to d5y t ! dead may return2 b x is c]ta91 at ! same "t1 t ^! deceas$1 :e!r inhum$1 r$uc$ to a%es1 or buri$ 9 ! abyss ( ! sea1 h n be5 able to res]ve _! bodies2 x is1 !re=e1 ! s\l :i* we h se54 ,?is s\l mu/ necess>ily be ext5d$1 light1 & impalpable1 because 9 speak+ to x we h n be5 able to embrace x3 ,effugit imago p> levibus v5tis4 ,x is m\ld$ & design$ f ! body t x inhabits1 s9ce x p]fectly resembles x4 ,! "n ( %ade or manes is giv5 x2 f all :i* a confus$ idea rema9s 9 ! head1 :i* diff]s itself s mu* m because no "o c und]/& x4 ,dreams also appe> to me to h be5 ! s5sible orig9 ( primitive prophecy or pr$iction4 ,:at m natural or common ?an to dream t a p]son de> to u is 9 dang] ( dy+1 or t we see him expir+8 ,:at m natural1 aga91 ?an t su* a p]son may really die soon aft] ?is om9\s dream ( 8 fri5d8 ,dreams :i* h come to pass are always pr$ictions :i* no "o c d\bt1 no acc\nt be+ tak5 ( ! dreams :i* are nev] fulfill$2 a s+le dream accompli%$ has m effect ?an a hundr$ :i* fail4 ,antiquity ab\nds ) ^! examples4 ,h[ con/ruct$ are we = ! reception ( error6 ,day & night unite to deceive u6 ,y see1 g5tlem51 t by att5d+ to ^! ideas1 we may ga!r "s fruit f ! book ( my compatriot1 ! dream]2 b ,i f9i%1 le/ y %\ld take me myself = a m]e vision>y4 ,y\rs1 ,,john ,,dream]4 ,,section ,,iii4 ,( ,dreams4 ,accord+ to ,petronius1 dreams are n ( div9e orig91 b self-=m$3 ,somnia qua m5tes ludunt volitantibus umbris1 ,non delumbra deum nec ab !re num9a mittunt1 ,s$ sibi quisque facit4 ,b h[1 all ! s5ses be+ defunct 9 sleep1 does !re rema9 an int]nal "o :i* reta9s consci\sness8 ,h[ is x1 t :ile ! eyes see n1 ! e>s he> n1 we not)/&+ und]/& 9 our dreams8 ,! h\nd r5ews ! *ase 9 a dream3 he b>ks1 foll[s 8 prey1 & is 9 at ! dea?4 ,! poet composes v]ses 9 8 sleep2 ! ma!matician exam9es 8 diagram2 & ! metaphysician reasons well or ill2 ( all :i* !re are /rik+ examples4 ,are !y only ! organs ( ! ma*9e :i* act8 ,is x ! pure s\l1 submitt$ to ! empire ( ! s5ses1 enjoy+ its faculties at lib]ty8 ,if ! organs alone produce dreams by night1 :y n alone produce ideas by day8 ,if ! s\l1 pure & tranquil1 act+ = itself dur+ ! repose ( ! s5ses1 is ! sole cause ( our ideas :ile we are sleep+1 :y are all ^! ideas usually irregul>1 unreasonable1 & incoh]5t8 ,:at6 at a "t :5 ! s\l is lea/ di/urb$1 x is s mu* disquiet$ 9 its imag9ation8 ,is x frantic :5 at lib]ty8 ,if x 0 produc$ ) metaphysical ideas1 z s _m sages ass]t :o dream ) _! eyes op51 its correct & lum9\s ideas ( be+1 ( inf9ity1 & ( all ! prim>y pr9ciples1 ought to be reveal$ 9 ! s\l ) ! greate/ en]gy :5 ! body sleeps4 ,we %\ld nev] be good philosoph]s except :5 dream+4 ,:atev] sy/em we embrace1 :atev] our va9 endeavors to prove t ! memory impels ! bra91 & t ! bra9 acts ^u ! s\l1 we mu/ all[ t our ideas come1 9 sleep1 indep5d5tly ( our w4 ,x is !re=e c]ta9 t we c ?9k sev5 or eight h\rs runn+ )\t ! lea/ int5tion ( do+ s1 & ev5 )\t be+ c]ta9 t we ?9k4 ,pause ^u t1 & endeavor to div9e :at !re is 9 ?is :i* is animal4 ,dreams h always =m$ a great object ( sup]/ition1 & no?+ is m natural4 ,a man deeply affect$ by ! sickness ( 8 mi/ress dreams t he sees h] dy+2 %e dies ! next day2 & ( c\rse ! gods h pr$ict$ h] dea?4 ,! g5]al ( an army dreams t he %all ga9 a battle2 he subsequ5tly ga9s "o2 ! gods _h decre$ t he %\ld be a conqu]or4 ,dreams :i* are accompli%$ are alone att5d$ to4 ,dreams =m a great "p ( anci5t hi/ory1 z also ( oracles4 ,! ,vulgate ?us translates ! end ( ,leviticus1 xix1 #bf3 ,y %all n obs]ve dreams4 ,b ! ^w dream exi/s n 9 ! ,hebrew2 & x w\ld be exce$+ly /range1 if att5tion to dreams 0 reprov$ 9 ! same book 9 :i* x is said t ,joseph became ! b5efactor ( ,egypt & 8 family1 9 consequ5ce ( 8 int]pretation ( ?ree dreams4 ,! int]pretation ( dreams 0 a ?+ s common1 t ! suppos$ art _h no limits1 & ! int]pret] 0 sometimes call$ ^u to say :at ano!r p]son _h dream$4 ,nebu*adnezz>1 hav+ =gott5 8 dream1 ord]s 8 ,magi to say :at x 0 he _h dream$1 & ?reat5$ !m ) dea? if !y fail$2 b ! ,jew ,daniel1 :o 0 9 ! s*ool ( ! ,magi1 sav$ _! lives by div9+ at once :at ! k+ _h dream$1 & int]pret+ x4 ,?is hi/ory1 & _m o!rs1 may s]ve to prove t ! laws ( ! ,jews did n =bid oneiromancy1 t is to say1 ! sci5ce ( dreams4 ,,section ,,iv4 ,lausanne1 ,oct4 #be1 #ageg4 ,9 "o ( my dreams1 ,i supp$ ) ,m4 ,t\ron1 :o appe>$ to compose v]ses & music1 :i* he sang to u4 ,i address$ ^! f\r l9es to him 9 my dream3 ,mon *] ,t\ron1 que tu m'en*antes ,p> la d\ceur de tes acc5s6 ,que tes v]s sont d\x et c\lans6 ,tu les fais comme tu tes *antes4 ,?y g5tle acc5ts1 ,t\ron de>1 ,s\nd mo/ delightful to my e>6 ,) h[ mu* ease ! v]ses roll1 ,:i* fl[1 :ile s++1 f ?y s\l6 ,9 ano!r dream1 ,i recit$ ! fir/ canto ( ! ,h5riade q diff]5t f :at x is4 ,ye/]day1 ,i dream$ t v]ses 7 recit$ at supp]1 & t "s "o pret5d$ !y 7 too witty4 ,i repli$ t v]ses 7 ent]ta9m5ts giv5 to ! s\l1 & t ornam5ts are necess>y 9 ent]ta9m5ts4 ,i h !re=e said ?+s 9 my sleep :i* ,i %\ld h "s difficulty to say :5 awake2 ,i h _h ?\ghts & reflections1 9 spite ( myself1 & )\t ! lea/ volunt>y op]ation on my own "p1 & nev]!less comb9$ my ideas ) sagacity1 & ev5 ) g5ius4 ,:at am ,i1 !re=e1 if n a ma*9e8 ,,sophi/4 ,a geometrician1 a little sev]e1 ?us address$ u "o day3 ,!re is no?+ 9 lit]ature m dang]\s ?an rhetorical sophi/s2 & among ^! sophi/s none are m un9telligible & unwor?y ( be+ und]/ood ?an ! div9e ,plato4 ,! only useful idea to be f\nd 9 him1 is t ( ! immortality ( ! s\l1 :i* 0 already admitt$ among cultivat$ nations2 b1 !n1 h[ does he prove ?is immortality8 ,we _c too =cibly appeal to ?is pro(1 9 ord] to correctly appreciate ?is fam\s ,greek4 ,he ass]ts1 9 8 ,phdon t dea? is ! opposite ( life1 t dea? spr+s f life1 & ! liv+ f ! dead1 consequ5tly t our s\ls w desc5d b5ea? ! e>? :5 we die4 ,if x is true t ! sophi/ ,plato1 :o gives himself out = ! enemy ( all sophi/s1 reasons always ?us1 :at h be5 all ^! pret5d$ great m51 & 9 :at has consi/$ _! utility8 ,! gr& defect ( ! ,platonic philosophy is ! trans=mation ( ab/ract ideas into realities4 ,a man c only p]=m a f9e action1 because a beauty really exi/s1 :i* is its ar*etype4 ,we _c p]=m any action1 )\t =m+ an idea ( ! action--!re=e ^! ideas exi/ ,i "k n :]e1 & x is necess>y to /udy !m4 ,god =m$ an idea ( ! _w be=e ,he creat$ x4 ,?is 0 ,8 logos3 ! _w1 !re=e1 is ! production ( ! logos6 ,:at disputes1 h[ _m va9 & ev5 sangu9>y conte/s1 has ?is mann] ( argum5t produc$ ^u e>?6 ,plato nev] dream$ t 8 doctr9e w\ld be able1 at "s future p]iod1 to divide a *ur* :i* 9 8 "t 0 n 9 exi/5ce4 ,to conceive a j contempt = all ^! fooli% subtilties1 read ,demo/h5es1 & see if 9 any "o ( 8 h>angues he employs "o ( ^! ridicul\s sophisms4 ,x is a cle> pro( t1 9 s]i\s bus9ess1 no m att5tion is paid to ^! *im]as ?an 9 a c\ncil ( /ate to !ses ( !ology4 ,nei!r w y f9d any ( ?is sophi/ry 9 ! spee*es ( ,cic]o4 ,x 0 a j>gon ( ! s*ools1 inv5t$ to amuse idl5ess--! quack]y ( m9d4 ,,s\l4 ,,section ,i4 ,?is is a vague & indet]m9ate t]m1 express+ an unkn[n pr9ciple ( kn[n effects1 :i* we feel 9 ourselves4 ,?is ^w s\l answ]s to ! anima ( ! ,lat9s--to ! pneuma ( ! ,greeks--to ! t]m :i* ea* & e nation has us$ to express :at !y und]/ood no bett] ?an we d4 ,9 ! prop] & lit]al s5se ( ! ,lat9 & ! languages d]iv$ f x1 x signifies t :i* animates4 ,?us p say1 ! s\l ( m51 ( animals1 & sometimes ( plants1 to d5ote _! pr9ciple ( vegetation & life4 ,?is ^w has nev] be5 utt]$ ) any b a confus$ idea1 z :5 x is said 9 ,g5esis3 ,god brea!d into 8 no/rils ! brea? ( life1 & he became a liv+ s\l2 &3 ,! s\l ( animals is 9 ! blood2 &3 ,/ay n my s\l4 ,?us ! s\l 0 tak5 = ! orig9 & ! cause ( life1 & = life itself4 ,h5ce all kn[n nations long imag9$ t ev]y?+ di$ ) ! body4 ,if any?+ c be disc]n$ ) cle>ness 9 ! *aos ( anci5t hi/ories1 x seems t ! ,egyptians 7 at lea/ ! fir/ :o made a di/9ction betwe5 ! intellig5ce & ! s\l2 & ! ,greeks le>n$ f !m to di/+ui% _! n\s & _! pneuma4 ,! ,lat9s1 aft] ! example ( ! ,greeks1 di/+ui%$ animus & anima2 & we h1 too1 our s\l & our und]/&+4 ,b are t :i* is ! pr9ciple ( our life1 & t :i* is ! pr9ciple ( our ?\ghts1 two diff]5t ?+s8 ,does t :i* causes u to dige/1 & :i* gives u s5sation & memory1 resemble t :i* is ! cause ( dige/ion 9 animals1 & ( _! s5sations & memory8 ,"h is an et]nal object = disputation3 ,i say an et]nal object1 = hav+ no primitive notion f :i* to d$uce 9 ?is inve/igation1 we mu/ ev] cont9ue 9 a labyr9? ( d\bts & feeble conjectures4 ,we h n ! smalle/ /ep on :i* to set our foot1 to rea* ! slighte/ k ( :at makes u live & :at makes u ?9k4 ,h[ %\ld we8 ,= we mu/ !n h se5 life & ?\ght ent] a body4 ,does a fa!r "k h[ he produc$ 8 son8 ,does a "m "k h[ %e conceiv$ him8 ,has anyone ev] be5 able to div9e h[ he acts1 h[ he wakes1 or h[ he sleeps8 ,does anyone "k h[ 8 limbs obey 8 w8 ,has anyone discov]$ by :at art 8 ideas are trac$ 9 8 bra91 & issue f x at 8 comm&8 ,feeble automata1 mov$ by ! invisible h& :i* directs u on ! /age ( ?is _w1 :i* ( u has ev] p]ceiv$ ! ?read :i* guides u8 ,we d>e to put 9 "q1 :e!r ! intellig5t s\l is _s or matt]2 :e!r x is creat$ be=e u1 or proce$s f no?+ at our bir?2 :e!r1 aft] animat+ u = a day on ?is e>?1 x lives aft] u 9 et]nity4 ,^! que/ions appe> sublime2 :at are !y8 ,que/ions ( bl9d m5 ask+ "o ano!r3 ,:at is light8 ,:5 we wi% to h a rude k ( a piece ( metal1 we put x on ! fire 9 a crucible2 b h we any crucible :]e9 to put ! s\l8 ,x is _s1 says "o2 b :at is _s8 ,assur$ly1 no "o kn[s4 ,?is is a ^w s void ( mean+1 t to tell :at _s is1 y are oblig$ to say :at x is n4 ,! s\l is matt]1 says ano!r2 b :at is matt]8 ,we "k no?+ ( x b a few appe>ances & prop]ties2 & n "o ( ^! prop]ties1 n "o ( ^! appe>ances1 c be> ! lea/ aff9ity to ?\ght4 ,x is some?+ di/9ct f matt]1 y say2 b :at pro( h y ( ?is8 ,is x because matt] is divisible & figurable1 & ?\ght is n8 ,b h[ d y "k t ! fir/ pr9ciples ( matt] are divisible & figurable8 ,x is v likely t !y are n2 :ole sects ( philosoph]s ass]t t ! elem5ts ( matt] h nei!r figure nor ext5t4 ,y triumphantly exclaim3 ,?\ght is nei!r wood1 nor /one1 nor s&1 nor metal2 !re=e1 ?\ght belongs n to matt]4 ,weak & presumptu\s reason]s6 ,gravitation is nei!r wood1 nor s&1 nor metal1 nor /one2 nor is motion1 or vegetation1 or life1 any ( all ^!2 yet life1 vegetation1 motion1 gravitation1 are giv5 to matt]4 ,to say t ,god _c give ?\ght to matt]1 is to say ! mo/ insol5tly absurd ?+ t has ev] be5 advanc$ 9 ! privileg$ s*ools ( madness & folly4 ,we are n assur$ t ,god has done ?is2 we are only assur$ t ,he c d x4 ,b ( :at avail is all t has be5 said1 or all t w be said1 ab\t ! s\l8 ,:at avails x t x has be5 call$ entele*ia1 qu9tess5ce1 flame1 e!r--t x has be5 believ$ to be univ]sal1 uncreat$1 transmigrant8 ,( :at avail1 9 ^! que/ions inaccessible to reason1 are ! romances ( our unc]ta9 imag9ations8 ,:at avails x1 t ! fa!rs 9 ! f\r primitive ages believ$ ! s\l to be corporeal8 ,:at avails x t ,t]tullian1 ) a contradictor9ess t 0 famili> to him1 decid$ t x is at once corporeal1 figur$1 & simple8 ,we h a ?\s& te/imonies ( ignorance1 b n "o :i* af=ds u a ray ( probability4 ,h[1 !n1 %all we be bold en\gh to affirm :at ! s\l is8 ,we "k c]ta9ly t we exi/1 t we feel1 t we ?9k4 ,seek we to advance "o /ep fur!r--we fall into an abyss ( d>kness2 & 9 ?is abyss1 we h /ill ! fooli% tem]ity to dispute :e!r ?is s\l1 ( :i* we h n ! lea/ idea1 is made be=e u or ) u1 & :e!r x is p]i%able or immortal8 ,! article on ,s\l1 & all articles belong+ to metaphysics1 %\ld beg9 ) a s9c]e submission to ! indubitable t5ets ( ! ,*ur*4 ,revelation is d\btless mu* bett] ?an philosophy4 ,sy/ems ex]cise ! m9d1 b fai? enlight5s & guides x4 ,are !re n words (t5 pron\nc$ ( :i* we h b a v confus$ idea1 or p]haps no idea at all8 ,is n ! ^w s\l "o ( ^!8 ,:5 ! tongue ( a pair ( bell[s is out ( ord]1 & ! air1 escap+ ?r\gh ! valve1 is n driv5 ) viol5ce t[>ds ! fire1 ! maid-s]vant says3 ,! s\l ( ! bell[s is bur/4 ,%e kn[s no bett]1 & ! "q does n at all di/urb h] quiet4 ,! g>d5] uses ! expression1 ,s\l ( ! plants2 & cultivates !m v well )\t kn[+ :at ! t]m means4 ,! musical-in/rum5t mak] places1 & %ifts =w>d or backw>d1 ! s\l ( a viol91 "u ! bridge1 9 ! int]ior ( ! in/rum5t3 a sorry bit ( wood m or less gives x or takes f x a h>moni\s s\l4 ,we h sev]al manufactures 9 :i* ! workm5 give ! appellation ( s\l to _! ma*9es2 b !y are nev] he>d to dispute ab\t ! ^w3 x is o!rwise ) philosoph]s4 ,! ^w s\l1 ) u1 signifies 9 g5]al t :i* animates4 ,our pr$ecessors1 ! ,celts1 gave _! s\l ! "n ( seel1 ( :i* ! ,engli% h made s\l1 :ile ! ,g]mans reta9 seel2 & x is probable t ! anci5t ,teutons & ! anci5t ,britons _h no univ]sity qu>rels ab\t ?is expression4 ,! ,greeks di/+ui%$ ?ree sorts ( s\ls3 ,psy*e1 signify+ ! s5sitive s\l--! s\l ( ! s5ses2 & h5ce x 0 t ,love1 ! son ( ,aphrodite1 _h s mu* passion = ,psy*e1 & t %e lov$ him s t5d]ly2 ,pneuma1 ! brea? :i* gave life & motion to ! :ole ma*9e1 & :i* we h r5d]$ by spiritus--_s--a vague t]m1 :i* has receiv$ a ?\s& diff]5t acceptations3 & la/ly1 n\s1 intellig5ce4 ,?us we possess ?ree s\ls1 )\t hav+ ! slighte/ notion ( any "o ( !m4 ,/4 ,?omas ,aqu9as admits ^! ?ree s\ls 9 8 quality ( p]ipatetic1 & di/+ui%es ea* ( ! ?ree into ?ree p>ts4 ,psy*e 0 9 ! brea/2 ,pneuma 0 spread ?r\gh\t ! body2 & ,n\s 0 9 ! head4 ,!re 0 no o!r philosophy 9 our s*ools until ! pres5t day2 & woe to ! man :o took "o ( ^! s\ls = ano!r6 ,9 ?is *aos ( ideas1 !re 0 h[ev] a f\ndation4 ,m5 _h cle>ly p]ceiv$ t 9 _! passions ( love1 ang]1 fe>1 etc41 motions 7 excit$ )9 !m2 ! he>t & ! liv] 7 ! seat ( ! passions4 ,:5 ?9k+ deeply1 "o feels a labor+ 9 ! organs ( ! head2 !re=e1 ! intellectual s\l is 9 ! bra94 ,)\t respiration !re is no vegetation1 no life2 !re=e1 ! vegetative s\l is 9 ! brea/1 :i* receives ! brea? ( ! air4 ,:5 m5 _h se5 9 _! sleep _! dead relatives or fri5ds1 !y necess>ily s\ght to discov] :at _h appe>$ to !m4 ,x 0 n ! body1 :i* _h be5 consum$ on a pile or swall[$ up 9 ! sea & eat5 by ! fi%es4 ,h[ev]1 !y w\ld decl>e x 0 some?+1 = !y _h se5 x2 ! dead man _h spok52 ! dream] _h que/ion$ him4 ,0 x ,psy*e2 0 x ,pneuma2 0 x ,n\s ) :om he _h conv]s$ 9 8 sleep8 ,!n a phantom 0 imag9$--a slight figure2 x 0 skia--x 0 daimonos--a %ade ( ! manes2 a small s\l ( air & fire1 extremely sl5d]1 w&]+ none knew :]e4 ,9 aft] times1 :5 x 0 det]m9$ to s\nd ! matt]1 ! undisput$ result 01 t ?is s\l 0 corporeal1 & all antiquity _h no o!r idea ( x4 ,at l5g? came ,plato1 :o s subtiliz$ ?is s\l1 t x 0 d\bt$ :e!r he did n entirely sep>ate x f matt]2 b ! problem 0 nev] resolv$ until fai? came to enlight5 u4 ,9 va9 d ! mat]iali/s adduce ! te/imony ( "s fa!rs ( ! ,*ur* :o d n express !mselves ) exactness4 ,/4 ,ir5u says t ! s\l is b ! brea? ( life1 t x is incorporeal only 9 comp>ison ) ! mortal body1 & t x reta9s ! human figure 9 ord] t x may be recogniz$4 ,9 va9 does ,t]tullian express himself ?us3 ,! corporality ( ! s\l %9es =? 9 ! ,gospel4 ',corporalitas anim 9 ipso evangelio relucesseit4' ,= if ! s\l _h n a body1 ! image ( ! s\l w\ld n h ! image ( ! body4 ,9 va9 does he ev5 relate ! vision ( a holy woman :o _h se5 a v brilliant s\l ( ! color ( ! air4 ,9 va9 does ,tatian expressly say3 --,! s\l ( man is compos$ ( sev]al p>ts4 ,9 va9 d !y adduce ,/4 ,hil>y1 :o said 9 lat] times3 ,!re is no?+ creat$ :i* is n corporeal1 nei!r 9 heav5 nor on e>?2 nei!r visible nor invisible2 all is =m$ ( elem5ts2 & s\ls1 :e!r !y inhabit a body or are )\t a body1 h always a corporeal sub/ance4 ,9 va9 does ,/4 ,ambrose1 9 ! f\r? c5tury1 say3 ,we "k no?+ b :at is mat]ial1 except+ only ! ev]-v5]able ,tr9ity4 ,! :ole body ( ! ,*ur* has decid$ t ! s\l is immat]ial4 ,^! holy m5 _h fall5 into an error !n univ]sal2 !y 7 m53 b !y 7 n mi/ak5 conc]n+ immortality1 because x is evid5tly ann\nc$ 9 ! ,gospels4 ,s evid5t is our ne$ ( ! decision ( ! infallible ,*ur* on ^! po9ts ( philosophy1 t inde$ we h n ( ourselves any suffici5t notion ( :at is call$ pure _s1 nor ( :at is call$ matt]4 ,pure _s is an expression :i* gives u no idea2 & we are acqua9t$ ) matt] only by a few ph5om5a4 ,s little d we "k ( x1 t we call x sub/ance1 :i* ^w sub/ance means t :i* is b5ea?2 b ?is b5ea? w et]nally be conceal$ f u2 ?is b5ea? is ! ,creator's secret1 & ?is secret ( ! ,creator is ev]y:]e4 ,we d n "k h[ we receive life1 h[ we give x1 h[ we gr[1 h[ we dige/1 h[ we sleep1 h[ we ?9k1 nor h[ we feel4 ,! great difficulty is1 to compreh5d h[ a be+1 :atsoev] x be1 has ?\ghts4 ,,section ,,ii4 ,locke's ,d\bts conc]n+ ! ,s\l4 ,! au?or ( ! article on ,s\l1 9 ! ,encyclopdia1 :o has scrupul\sly foll[$ ,jacquelot1 tea*es u no?+4 ,he also rises up aga9/ ,locke1 because ! mode/ ,locke has said3 ,p]haps we %all nev] be capable ( kn[+ :e!r a mat]ial be+ ?9ks or n2 = ?is reason--t x is impossible = u to discov]1 by ! contemplation ( our own ideas1 ')\t revelation1' :e!r ,god has n giv5 to "s portion ( matt]1 dispos$ z ,he ?9ks fit1 ! p[] ( p]ceiv+ & ?9k+2 or :e!r ,he has jo9$ & unit$ to matt] s dispos$1 an immat]ial & ?9k+ sub/ance4 ,= ) reg>d to our notions1 x is no less easy = u to conceive t ,god c1 if ,he pleases1 add to an idea ( matt] ! faculty ( ?9k+1 ?an to compreh5d t ,he jo9s to x ano!r sub/ance ) ! faculty ( ?9k+2 s9ce we "k n 9 :at ?\ght consi/s1 nor to :at k9d ( sub/ance ?is all-p[]ful ,be+ has ?\ght fit to grant ?is p[]1 :i* c\ld be creat$ only by virtue ( ! good-w & pleasure ( ! ,creator4 ,i d n see t !re is any contradiction 9 ,god--t ?9k+1 et]nal1 & all-p[]ful ,be+--giv+1 if ,he wills x1 c]ta9 degrees ( feel+1 p]ception1 & ?\ght1 to c]ta9 portions ( matt]1 creat$ & ins5sible1 :i* ,he jo9s toge!r z he ?9ks fit4 ,?is 0 speak+ l a pr(\nd1 religi\s1 & mode/ man4 ,x is kn[n :at conte/s he _h to ma9ta9 conc]n+ ?is op9ion1 :i* he appe>$ to h haz>d$1 b :i* 0 really no o!r ?an a consequ5ce ( ! conviction he felt ( ! omnipot5ce ( ,god1 & ! weakness ( man4 ,he did n say t matt] ?\ght2 b he said t we d n "k en\gh to demon/rate t x is impossible = ,god to add ! gift ( ?\ght to ! unkn[n be+ call$ matt]1 aft] grant+ to x ^? ( gravitation & ( motion1 :i* are equally incompreh5sible4 ,assur$ly1 ,locke 0 n ! only "o :o advanc$ ?is op9ion2 x 0 t ( all ! anci5ts--reg>d+ ! s\l only z v subtile matt]1 !y consequ5tly affirm$ t matt] c\ld feel & ?9k4 ,su* 0 ! op9ion ( ,gass5di1 z we f9d 9 8 objections to ,desc>tes4 ,x is true1 says ,gass5di1 t y "k t y ?9k2 b y1 :o ?9k1 "k n ( :at k9d ( sub/ance y are4 ,?us1 ?\gh ! op]ation ( ?\ght is kn[n to y1 ! pr9ciple ( y\r ess5ce is hidd5 f y1 & y d n "k :at is ! nature ( t sub/ance1 "o ( ! op]ations ( :i* is to ?9k4 ,y resemble a bl9d man :o1 feel+ ! heat ( ! sun1 & be+ in=m$ t x is caus$ by ! sun1 %\ld believe himself to h a cle> & di/9ct idea ( t lum9>y1 because1 if he 7 ask$ :at ! sun is1 he c\ld answ]1 t x is a ?+ :i* w>ms4444 ,! same ,gass5di1 9 8 ,philosophy ( ,epicurus1 repeats sev]al times t !re is no ma!matical evid5ce ( ! pure spirituality ( ! s\l4 ,desc>tes1 9 "o ( 8 lett]s to ,elizabe?1 pr9cess palat9e1 says to h]3 ,i confess1 t by natural reason alone1 we c =m _m conjectures ab\t ! s\l1 & conceive flatt]+ hopes2 b we c h no assurance4 ,& "h ,desc>tes combats 9 8 lett]s :at he advances 9 8 books--a too ord9>y contradiction4 ,we h se51 too1 t all ! fa!rs 9 ! fir/ ages ( ! ,*ur*1 :ile !y believ$ ! s\l immortal1 believ$ x to be mat]ial4 ,!y ?\ght x z easy = ,god to pres]ve z to create4 ,!y said1 ,god made x ?9k+1 ,he w pres]ve x ?9k+4 ,malebran*e has cle>ly prov$1 t by ourselves we h no idea1 & t objects are incapable ( giv+ u any2 :5ce he concludes t we see all ?+s 9 ,god4 ,?is1 9 sub/ance1 is ! same z mak+ ,god ! au?or ( all our ideas2 = :]e) %\ld we see ourselves 9 ,him1 if we _h n in/rum5ts = see+8 & ^! in/rum5ts are held & direct$ by him alone4 ,?is sy/em is a labyr9?1 ( :i* "o pa? w\ld lead y to ,sp9ozism1 ano!r to ,/oicism1 ano!r to *aos4 ,:5 m5 h disput$ well & long on matt] & _s1 !y always end 9 und]/&+ nei!r "o ano!r nor !mselves4 ,no philosoph] has ev] be5 able to lift by 8 own /r5g? ! veil :i* nature has spread ov] ! fir/ pr9ciple ( ?+s4 ,!y dispute1 :ile nature is act+4 ,,section ,,iii4 ,on ! ,s\ls ( ,bea/s1 & on ,"s ,empty ,ideas4 ,be=e ! /range sy/em :i* supposes animals to be pure ma*9es )\t any s5sation1 m5 _h nev] imag9$ an immat]ial s\l 9 bea/s2 & no "o _h c>ri$ tem]ity s f> z to say t an oy/] has a spiritual s\l4 ,all ! _w peaceably agre$ t bea/s _h receiv$ f ,god feel+1 memory1 ideas1 b n a pure _s4 ,no "o _h abus$ ! gift ( reason s f> z to say t nature has giv5 to bea/s ! organs ( feel+1 9 ord] t !y may h no feel+4 ,no "o _h said t !y cry out :5 w\nd$1 & fly :5 pursu$1 )\t exp]i5c+ ei!r pa9 or fe>4 ,god's omnipot5ce 0 n !n d5i$3 x 0 9 ,8 p[] to communicate to ! organiz$ matt] ( animals pleasure1 pa91 remembrance1 ! comb9ation ( "s ideas2 x 0 9 ,8 p[] to give to sev]al ( !m1 z ! ape1 ! elephant1 ! h\nd1 ! tal5t ( p]fect+ !mselves 9 ! arts :i* are taught !m3 n only 0 x 9 ,8 p[] to end[ almo/ all c>nivor\s animals ) ! tal5t ( mak+ w> bett] 9 _! exp]i5c$ old age ?an 9 _! confid+ y\?2 n only 0 x 9 ,8 p[] to d ?is1 b ,he _h done x1 z ! :ole _w c\ld witness4 ,p]eira & ,desc>tes ma9ta9$ aga9/ ! :ole _w t x 0 mi/ak52 t ,god _h play$ ! conjur]2 t ,he _h giv5 to animals all ! in/rum5ts ( life & s5sation1 t !y might h nei!r s5sation or life prop]ly s call$4 ,b "s pret5d$ philosoph]s1 ,i "k n :om1 9 ord] to answ] ,desc>tes' *im]a1 ?rew !mselves into ! opposite *im]a v lib]ally1 giv+ pure _s to toads & insects4 ,9 vitium ducit culp fuga4 ,betwixt ^! two follies1 ! "o depriv+ ( feel+ ! organs ( feel+1 ! o!r lodg+ pure _s 9 a bug--a mean 0 imag9$1 viz41 in/9ct4 ,& :at is in/9ct8 ,oh6 x is a sub/antial =m2 x is a pla/ic =m2 x is a--,i "k n :at--x is in/9ct4 ,i w be ( y\r op9ion1 s long z y apply to mo/ ?+s ,i "k n :at2 s long z y\r philosophy %all beg9 & end ) ,i "k n2 b :5 y affirm1 ,i %all say to y ) ,prior1 9 8 poem on ! vanity ( ! _w3 ,!n va9ly ! philosoph] av]s ,t reason guides our de$s1 & in/9ct !irs4 ,h[ c we ju/ly diff]5t causes frame1 ,:5 ! effects entirely are ! same8 ,in/9ct & reason h[ c we divide8 ',tis ! fool's ignorance1 & ! p$ant's pride4 ,! au?or ( ! article on ,s\l1 9 ! ,encyclopdia1 expla9s himself ?us3 ,i repres5t to myself ! s\l ( bea/s z a sub/ance immat]ial & intellig5t4 ,b ( :at k9d8 ,x seems to me1 t x mu/ be an active pr9ciple hav+ s5sations1 & only s5sations4444 ,if we reflect on ! nature ( ! s\ls ( bea/s1 x does n ( itself give u any gr\nds = believ+ t _! spirituality w save !m f annihilation4 ,i d n und]/& h[ y repres5t to y\rself an immat]ial sub/ance4 ,to repres5t a ?+ to y\rself is to make to y\rself an image ( x2 & hi!rto no "o has be5 able to pa9t ! m9d4 ,i am will+ to suppose t by ! ^w repres5t1 ! au?or means ,i conceive2 = my "p1 ,i own t ,i d n conceive x4 ,/ill less d ,i conceive h[ a spiritual s\l is annihilat$1 because ,i h no conception ( creation or ( no?+2 because ,i nev] att5d$ ,god's c\ncil2 because ,i "k no?+ at all ( ! pr9ciple ( ?+s4 ,if ,i seek to prove t ! s\l is a real be+1 ,i am /opp$1 & told t x is a faculty4 ,if ,i affirm t x is a faculty1 & t ,i h t ( ?9k+1 ,i am answ]$1 t ,i mi/ake2 t ,god1 ! et]nal ma/] ( all nature1 does ev]y?+ 9 me1 direct+ all my actions1 & all my ?\ghts2 t if ,i produc$ my ?\ghts1 ,i %\ld "k ^? :i* ,i %\ld h ! next m9ute2 t ,i nev] "k ?is2 t ,i am b an automaton ) s5sations & ideas1 necess>ily dep5d5t1 & 9 ! h&s ( ! ,supreme ,be+1 inf9itely m subject to ,him ?an clay is to ! pott]4 ,i ackn[l$ge !n my ignorance2 ,i ackn[l$ge t f\r ?\s& volumes ( metaphysics w n tea* u :at our s\l is4 ,an or?odox philosoph] said to a het]odox philosoph]1 ,h[ c y h br\ght y\rself to imag9e t ! s\l is ( its nature mortal1 & t x is et]nal only by ! pure w ( ,god8 ,by my exp]i5ce1 says ! o!r4 ,h[6 h y be5 dead !n8 ,yes1 v (t53 9 my y\? ,i _h a fit ( epilepsy2 & ,i assure y1 t ,i 0 p]fectly dead = sev]al h\rs3 ,i _h no s5sation1 nor ev5 any recollection f ! mom5t t ,i 0 seiz$4 ,! same ?+ happ5s to me n[ almo/ e night4 ,i nev] feel precisely ! mom5t :5 ,i fall asleep1 & my sleep is absolutely )\t dreams4 ,i _c imag9e1 b by conjectures1 h[ long ,i h slept4 ,i am dead regul>ly six h\rs 9 tw5ty-f\r1 :i* is "o-f\r? ( my life4 ,! or?odox !n ma9ta9$ aga9/ him t he always ?\ght :ile he 0 asleep1 )\t 8 kn[+ ( x4 ,! het]odox repli$3 ,i believe1 by revelation1 t ,i %all ?9k =ev] 9 ! next _w2 b ,i assure y1 t ,i seldom ?9k 9 ?is4 ,! or?odox 0 n mi/ak5 9 affirm+ ! immortality ( ! s\l1 s9ce fai? demon/rates t tru?2 b he might be mi/ak5 9 affirm+ t a sleep+ man con/antly ?9ks4 ,locke frankly own$ t he did n always ?9k :ile he 0 asleep4 ,ano!r philosoph] has said3 ,?\ght is peculi> to man1 b x is n 8 ess5ce4 ,let u leave e man at lib]ty to seek into himself & to lose himself 9 8 ideas4 ,h[ev]1 x is well to "k t 9 #agej1 a philosoph] und]w5t a v sev]e p]secution1 = hav+ ackn[l$g$1 ) ,locke1 t 8 und]/&+ 0 n ex]cis$ e mom5t ( ! day & ( ! night1 no m ?an 8 arms or 8 legs4 ,n only 0 he p]secut$ by ! ignorance ( ! c\rt1 b ! malici\s ignorance ( "s pret5d$ m5 ( lett]s assail$ ! object ( p]secution4 ,t :i* 9 ,engl& _h produc$ only "s philosophical disputes1 produc$ 9 ,france ! mo/ disgraceful atrocities3 a ,fr5*man 0 made ! victim ( ,locke4 ,!re h always be5 among ! refuse ( our lit]ature1 "s ( ^? wret*es :o h sold _! p5s & caball$ aga9/ _! v b5efactors4 ,?is rem>k is to be sure =eign to ! article on ,s\l3 b ought "o to lose a s+le opportunity ( /rik+ t]ror into ^? :o r5d] !mselves unwor?y ( ! "n ( lit]>y m51 :o pro/itute ! little wit & consci5ce !y h to a vile int]e/1 to a *im]ical policy1 :o betray _! fri5ds to flatt] fools1 :o prep>e 9 secret ! hemlock-draught ) :i* p[]ful & wick$ ignorance w\ld de/roy useful citiz5s4 ,did x ev] occur 9 true ,rome1 t a ,lucretius 0 d5\nc$ to ! consuls = hav+ put ! sy/em ( ,epicurus into v]se2 a ,cic]o1 = hav+ repeat$ly writt51 t !re is no pa9 aft] dea?2 or t a ,pl9y or a ,v>ro 0 accus$ ( hav+ peculi> notions ( ! div9ity8 ,! lib]ty ( ?9k+ 0 unlimit$ among ! ,romans4 ,^? ( h>%1 jeal\s1 & n>r[ m9ds1 :o among u h endeavor$ to cru% ?is lib]ty--! p>5t ( our k1 ! ma9spr+ ( ! und]/&+--h made *im]ical dang]s _! pretext2 !y h =gott5 t ! ,romans1 :o c>ri$ ?is lib]ty mu* fur!r ?an we d1 7 nev]!less our conqu]ors1 our lawgiv]s2 & t ! disputes ( s*ools h no m to d ) gov]nm5t ?an ! tub ( ,diog5es _h ) ! victories ( ,alex&]4 ,?is lesson is wor? q z mu* z a lesson on ! s\l4 ,we %all p]haps h occasion m ?an once to recur to x4 ,9 f9e1 :ile ador+ ,god ) all our s\l1 let u ev] confess our pr(\nd ignorance conc]n+ t s\l--t faculty ( feel+ & ?9k+ :i* we owe to ,8 inf9ite goodness4 ,let u ackn[l$ge t our weak reason+s c nei!r take f nor add to revelation & fai?4 ,let u1 9 %ort1 conclude t we ought to employ ?is intellig5ce1 ^: nature is unkn[n1 9 p]fect+ ! sci5ces :i* are ! object ( ! ,encyclopdia1 z wat*mak]s make use ( spr+s 9 _! wat*es1 )\t kn[+ :at spr+ is4 ,,section ,,iv4 ,on ! ,s\l1 & on our ,ignorance4 ,rely+ on our acquir$ k1 we h v5tur$ to discuss ! "q3 ,:e!r ! s\l is creat$ be=e u8 ,:e!r x arrives f no?+ 9 our bodies8 ,at :at age x came & plac$ itself betwe5 ! bladd] & ! inte/9es1 ccum & rectum8 ,:e!r x receiv$ or br\ght !re any ideas1 & :at ^? ideas are8 ,:e!r1 aft] animat+ u = a few mom5ts1 its ess5ce is to live aft] u 9 et]nity1 )\t ! int]v5tion ( ,god ,himself8 ,:e!r1 x be+ a _s1 & ,god be+ _s1 !y are ( l nature8 ,^! que/ions h an appe>ance ( sublimity4 ,:at are !y b que/ions ( m5 born bl9d discuss+ ! nature ( light8 ,:at h all ! philosoph]s1 anci5t & mod]n1 taught u8 ,a *ild is wis] ?an !y3 he does n ?9k ab\t :at he _c conceive4 ,h[ un=tunate1 y w say1 = an insatiable curiosity1 = an unqu5*able ?ir/ aft] well-be+1 t we are ?us ignorant ( ourselves6 ,grant$3 & !re are ?+s yet m un=tunate ?an ?is2 b ,i w answ] y3 ,sors tua mortalis1 non e/ mortale quod optas4--,mortal ?y fate1 ?y wi%es ^? ( gods4 ,once m let x be repeat$1 ! nature ( e pr9ciple ( ?+s appe>s to be ! secret ( ! ,creator4 ,h[ does ! air convey s\nd8 ,h[ are animals =m$8 ,h[ d "s ( our memb]s con/antly obey our w8 ,:at h& places ideas 9 our memory1 keeps !m !re z 9 a regi/]1 & draws !m !nce sometimes at our comm&1 & sometimes 9 spite ( u8 ,our own nature1 t ( ! univ]se1 t ( ! smalle/ plant--all1 to u1 involv$ 9 utt] d>kness4 ,man is an act+1 feel+1 & ?9k+ be+2 ?is is all we "k ( ! matt]3 x is n giv5 to u to "k ei!r :at r5d]s u feel+ or ?9k+1 or :at makes u act1 or :at causes u to be4 ,! act+ faculty is to u z incompreh5sible z ! ?9k+ faculty4 ,! difficulty is n s mu* to conceive h[ ?is body ( clay has feel+s & ideas z to conceive h[ a be+1 :atev] x be1 has ideas & feel+s4 ,behold on "o h& ! s\l ( ,ar*im$es1 & on ! o!r t ( a simpleton2 are !y ( ! same nature8 ,if _! ess5ce is to ?9k1 !n !y ?9k always & indep5d5tly ( ! body1 :i* _c act )\t !m4 ,if !y ?9k by _! own nature1 c a s\l1 :i* is incapable ( p]=m+ a s+le ari?metical op]ation1 be ( ! same species z t :i* has measur$ ! heav5s8 ,if x is ! organs ( ! body t h made ,ar*im$es ?9k1 :y does n my idiot ?9k1 see+ t he is bett] con/itut$ ?an ,ar*im$es1 m vigor\s1 dige/+ bett]1 p]=m+ all 8 functions bett]8 ,because1 say y1 8 bra9 is n s good2 b y suppose ?is2 y h no k ( x4 ,no diff]5ce has ev] be5 f\nd among s\nd bra9s t h be5 dissect$2 inde$1 x is v likely t ! bra9-pan ( a blockhead w\ld be f\nd 9 a bett] /ate ?an t ( ,ar*im$es1 :i* has be5 prodigi\sly fatigu$1 & may be worn & contract$4 ,let u !n conclude :at we h conclud$ already1 t we are ignorant ( all fir/ pr9ciples4 ,z = ^? :o are ignorant & self-suffici5t1 !y are f> bel[ ! ape4 ,n[ !n dispute1 ye *ol]ic argu]s2 pres5t memorials aga9/ "o ano!r2 abuse "o ano!r2 pron\nce y\r s5t5ces--y :o "k n a syllable ( ! matt]6 ,,section ,v4 ,w>burtons ,p>adox on ! ,immortality ( ! ,s\l4 ,w>burton1 ! editor & comm5tator ( ,%akespe>e1 & ,bi%op ( ,gl\ce/]1 us+ ,engli% lib]ty1 & abus+ ! cu/om ( vitup]at+ aga9/ adv]s>ies1 has compos$ f\r volumes to prove t ! immortality ( ! s\l 0 nev] ann\nc$ 9 ! ,p5tateu*2 & to conclude f ?is v pro(1 t ! mission ( ,moses1 :i* he calls legation1 0 div9e4 ,! foll[+ is an ab/ract ( 8 book1 :i* he himself gives at ! comm5cem5t ( ! fir/ volume3 #a4 ,t to inculcate ! doctr9e ( a future /ate ( rew>ds & puni%m5ts is necess>y to ! well-be+ ( civil society4 #b4 ,t all mank9d :]e9 he is mi/ak51 especially ! mo/ wise & le>n$ nations ( antiquity1 h concurr$ 9 believ+ & tea*+1 t ?is doctr9e 0 ( su* use to civil society4 #c4 ,t ! doctr9e ( a future /ate ( rew>ds & puni%m5ts is n to be f\nd 91 nor did x make "p (1 ! ,mosaic disp5sation4 ,t !re=e ! law ( ,moses is ( div9e orig92 ,:i* "o or bo? ( ! two foll[+ syllogisms w ev9ce3 ,i4 ,:atev] religion & society h no future /ate = _! support mu/ be support$ by an extraord9>y ,provid5ce4 ,! ,jewi% religion & society _h no future /ate = _! support2 ,!re=e ! ,jewi% religion & society 7 support$ by an extraord9>y ,provid5ce4 ,& aga91 ,,ii4 ,! anci5t lawgiv]s univ]sally believ$ t su* a religion c\ld be support$ only by an extraord9>y ,provid5ce4 ,moses1 an anci5t lawgiv]1 v]s$ 9 all ! wisdom ( ,egypt1 purposely in/itut$ su* a religion2 ,!re=e ,moses believ$ 8 religion 0 support$ by an extraord9>y ,provid5ce4 ,:at is mo/ extraord9>y1 is ?is ass]tion ( ,w>burton1 :i* he has put 9 l>ge *>act]s at ! head ( 8 "w4 ,he has (t5 be5 reproa*$ ) 8 extreme tem]ity & di%one/y 9 d>+ to say t all anci5t lawgiv]s believ$ t a religion :i* is n f\nd$ on rew>ds & puni%m5ts aft] dea? _c be upheld b by an extraord9>y ,provid5ce3 n "o ( !m ev] said s4 ,he does n ev5 und]take to adduce a s+le in/ance ( ?is 9 8 enorm\s book1 /uff$ ) an imm5se numb] ( quotations1 all =eign to ! subject4 ,he has buri$ himself "u a heap ( ,greek & ,lat9 au?ors1 anci5t & mod]n1 t no "o may rea* him ?r\gh ?is horrible accumulation ( cov]+s4 ,:5 at l5g? ! critic has rummag$ to ! bottom1 ! au?or is rais$ to life f among all ^? dead1 to load 8 adv]s>ies ) abuse4 ,x is true1 t ne> ! close ( ! f\r? volume1 aft] rang+ ?r\gh a hundr$ labyr9?s1 & fight+ all he met ) on ! way1 he does at la/ come back to 8 great "q f :i* he has s long w&]$4 ,he takes up ! ,book ( ,job1 :i* ! le>n$ consid] z ! "w ( an ,arab2 & he seeks to prove1 t ,job did n believe 9 ! immortality ( ! s\l4 ,he !n expla9s1 9 8 own way1 all ! texts ( ,scripture t h be5 br\ght to combat 8 op9ion4 ,all t %\ld be said ( him is1 t if he 0 9 ! "r1 x 0 n = a bi%op to be s 9 ! "r4 ,he %\ld h felt t two dang]\s consequ5ces might be drawn3 b all goes by *ance 9 ?is _w4 ,?is man1 :o became an in=m] & a p]secutor1 0 n made a bi%op ?r\gh ! patronage ( a m9i/] ( /ate1 until imm$iately aft] he wrote 8 book4 ,at ,salamanca1 at ,coimbra1 or at ,rome1 he w\ld h be5 oblig$ to retract & to ask p>don4 ,9 ,engl& he became a pe] ( ! realm1 ) an income ( a hundr$ ?\s& livres4 ,"h 0 some?+ to s(t5 8 mann]s4 ,,section ,,vi4 ,on ! ,ne$ ( ,revelation4 ,! greate/ b5efit = :i* we are indebt$ to ! ,new ,te/am5t is its hav+ reveal$ to u ! immortality ( ! s\l4 ,x is !re=e q 9 va9 t ?is ,w>burton has s\ght to cl\d ?is important tru?1 by cont9ually repres5t+1 9 8 ,legation ( ,moses1 t ! anci5t ,jews _h no k ( ?is necess>y dogma1 & t ! ,sadducees did n admit x 9 ! "t ( our ,"l ,jesus4 ,he int]prets 9 8 own way1 ! v words :i* ,jesus ,*ri/ is made to utt]3 ,h ye n read t :i* is spok5 unto y by ,god say+1 ,i am ! ,god ( ,abraham1 & ! ,god ( ,isaac1 & ! ,god ( ,jacob3 ,god is n ! ,god ( ! dead1 b ( ! liv+4 ,he gives to ! p>able ( ! ri* bad man a s5se contr>y to t ( all ! *ur*es4 ,%]lock1 bi%op ( ,london1 & tw5ty o!r le>n$ m51 h refut$ him4 ,ev5 ! ,engli% philosoph]s h rem9d$ him h[ sc&al\s x is 9 an ,engli% bi%op to manife/ an op9ion s contr>y to ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&2 & aft] all1 ?is man has ?\ght prop] to call o!rs impi\s3 l ,h>lequ91 9 ! f>ce ( ,! ,h\sebreak] 7,le ,dvaliseur des ,maisons7 :o1 aft] ?r[+ ! furniture out at ! w9d[1 see+ a man c>ry+ "s articles away1 cries ) all 8 might--,/op1 ?ief6 ,! revelation ( ! immortality ( ! s\l1 & ( pa9s & rew>ds aft] dea?1 is ! m to be bless$1 z ! va9 philosophy ( m5 always d\bt$ ( x4 ,! great ,cs> _h no fai? 9 x4 ,he expla9$ himself cle>ly to ! :ole s5ate1 :51 to prev5t ,catil9e f be+ put to dea?1 he repres5t$ to !m t dea? left man )\t feel+--t all di$ ) him3 & no "o refut$ ?is op9ion4 ,! ,roman ,empire 0 divid$ betwe5 two great pr9cipal sects3 t ( ,epicurus1 :o affirm$ t ! div9ity 0 useless to ! _w1 & ! s\l p]i%$ ) ! body2 & t ( ! ,/oics1 :o reg>d$ ! s\l z a portion ( ! div9ity1 :i* aft] dea? 0 reunit$ to its orig9al--to ! great ,all f :i* x _h emanat$4 ,s t1 :e!r ! s\l 0 believ$ to be mortal1 or to be immortal1 all sects unit$ 9 contemn+ ! idea ( rew>ds & puni%m5ts aft] dea?4 ,!re are /ill rema9+ num]\s monum5ts ( ?is belief ( ! ,romans4 ,x 0 f ! =ce ( ?is op9ion pr(\ndly engrav$ on all he>ts1 t s _m ,roman h]oes & s _m private citiz5s put !mselves to dea? )\t ! smalle/ scruple2 !y did n wait = a tyrant to deliv] !m into ! h&s ( ! execution]4 ,ev5 ! mo/ virtu\s m51 & ! mo/ ?or\ghly p]suad$ ( ! exi/5ce ( a ,god1 did n !n hope any rew>d1 nor did !y fe> any puni%m5t4 ,x has be5 se5 9 ! article on ,apocrypha1 t ,clem5t himself1 :o 0 aft]w>ds pope & sa9t1 began ) d\bt+ :at ! fir/ ,*ri/ians said ( ano!r life1 & t he consult$ ,/4 ,pet] at ,cs>ea4 ,we are v f> f believ+ t ,/4 ,clem5t wrote ! hi/ory :i* is attribut$ to him2 b x %[s :at ne$ mank9d _h ( a precise revelation4 ,all t c surprise u is t a t5et s repress+ & s salut>y %\ld h left m5 a prey to s _m horrible crimes1 :o h s %ort a "t to live1 & f9d !mselves press$ betwe5 ! et]nities4 ,,section ,,vii4 ,s\ls ( ,fools & ,mon/]s4 ,a *ild1 ill-=m$1 is born absolutely imbecile1 has no ideas1 lives )\t ideas2 in/ances ( ?is h be5 kn[n4 ,h[ %all ?is animal be def9$8 ,doctors h said t x is some?+ betwe5 man & bea/2 o!rs h said t x is a s5sitive s\l1 b n an intellectual s\l3 x eats1 x dr9ks1 x sleeps1 x wakes1 x has s5sations1 b x does n ?9k4 ,is !re = x ano!r life1 or is !re none8 ,! case has be5 put1 & has n yet be5 entirely resolv$4 ,"s h said t ?is creature mu/ h a s\l1 because its fa!r & its "m _h s\ls4 ,b by ?is reason+ x w\ld be prov$ t if x _h come into ! _w )\t a nose1 x %\ld h ! reputation ( hav+ "o1 because its fa!r & its "m _h "o4 ,a woman is br\ght to b$3 h] infant has no *92 its =ehead is flat & some:at black1 its eyes r\nd1 its nose ?9 & %>p2 its c\nt5ance is n mu* unlike t ( a swall[3 yet ! re/ ( 8 body is made l ours4 ,x is decid$ by a majority ( voices t x is a man1 & possesses an immat]ial s\l2 :]eupon ! p>5ts h x baptiz$4 ,b if ?is little ridicul\s figure has po9t$ claws1 & a m\? 9 ! =m ( a beak1 x is decl>$ to be a mon/]2 x has no s\l2 x is n baptiz$4 ,x is kn[n1 t 9 #agbf1 !re 0 9 ,london a woman :o 0 br\ght to b$ e eight days ( a "y rabbit4 ,no difficulty 0 made ( refus+ baptism to ?is *ild1 not)/&+ ! epidemic folly :i* prevail$ 9 ,london = ?ree weeks1 ( believ+ t ?is poor jade actually br\ght =? wild rabbits4 ,! surgeon :o deliv]$ h]1 nam$ ,/4 ,&r1 swore t no?+ 0 m true2 & he 0 believ$4 ,b :at reason _h ! cr$ul\s = refus+ a s\l to ?is woman's (fspr+8 ,%e _h a s\l2 h] *ildr5 mu/ likewise h be5 furni%$ ) s\ls1 :e!r !y _h h&s8 or paws1 :e!r !y 7 born ) a sn\t or ) a face3 _c ! ,supreme ,be+ v\*safe ! gift ( ?\ght & s5sation to a little nondescript1 born ( a woman1 ) ! figure ( a rabbit1 z well z a little nondescript born ) ! figure ( a man8 ,w ! s\l :i* 0 ready to take up its abode 9 ?is woman's ftus return unh\s$8 ,x is v well obs]v$ by ,locke1 ) reg>d to mon/]s1 t immortality mu/ n be attribut$ to ! ext]ior ( a body--t x has no?+ to d ) ! figure4 ,?is immortality1 says he1 is no m atta*$ to ! =m ( "o's face or brea/ ?an x is to ! way 9 :i* "o's be>d is clipp$ or "o's coat is cut4 ,he asks3 ,:at is ! exact measure ( de=mity by :i* y c recognize :e!r an infant has a s\l or n8 ,:at is ! precise degree at :i* x is to be decl>$ a mon/] & )\t a s\l8 ,aga91 x is ask$3 ,:at w\ld a s\l be t %\ld h none b *im]ical ideas8 ,!re are "s :i* nev] g beyond su*4 ,are !y wor?y or unwor?y8 ,:at is to be made ( _! pure _s8 ,:at are we to ?9k ( a *ild ) two heads1 :i* is o!rwise well =m$8 ,"s say t x has two s\ls1 because x is furni%$ ) two p9eal gl&s1 ) two call\s sub/ances1 ) two s5soria communia4 ,o!rs answ] t !re _c be two s\ls1 ) b "o brea/ & "o navel4 ,9 %ort1 s _m que/ions h be5 ask$ ab\t ?is poor human s\l1 t if x 7 necess>y to put an end to !m all1 su* an exam9ation ( its own p]son w\ld cause x ! mo/ insupportable annoyance4 ,! same w\ld happ5 to x z happ5$ to ,c>d9al ,polignac at a conclave3 8 /ew>d1 tir$ ( hav+ nev] be5 able to make him pass 8 acc\nts1 took a j\rney to ,rome1 & w5t to ! small w9d[ ( 8 cell1 lad5 ) an imm5se bundle ( pap]s2 he read = ne>ly two h\rs2 at la/1 f9d+ t no answ] 0 made1 he ?ru/ =w>d 8 head3 ! c>d9al _h be5 gone almo/ two h\rs4 ,our s\ls w be gone be=e _! /ew>ds h f9i%$ _! /atem5ts2 b let u be j be=e ,god--ignorant z bo? we & our /ew>ds are4 ,see :at is said on ! s\l 9 ! ,lett]s ( ,memmius4 ,,section ,,viii4 ,diff]5t ,op9ions ,criticis$--,apology = ,locke4 ,i mu/ ackn[l$ge1 t :5 ,i exam9$ ! infallible ,ari/otle1 ! evangelical doctor1 & ! div9e ,plato1 ,i took all ^! epi!ts = nicknames4 ,9 all ! philosoph]s :o h spok5 ( ! human s\l1 ,i h f\nd only bl9d m51 full ( babble & tem]ity1 /riv+ to p]suade !mselves t !y h an eagle eye2 & o!rs1 curi\s & fooli%1 believ+ !m on _! ^w1 & imag9+ t !y see some?+ too4 ,illu/ration3 ,john ,locke4 ,i %all n feign to rank ,desc>tes & ,malebran*e ) ^! tea*]s ( error4 ,! =m] assures u t ! s\l ( man is a sub/ance1 ^: ess5ce is to ?9k1 :i* is always ?9k+1 & :i*1 9 ! "m's womb1 is occupi$ ) f9e metaphysical ideas & g5]al axioms1 :i* x aft]w>ds =gets4 ,z = ,fa!r ,malebran*e1 he is q p]suad$ t we see all 9 ,god--& he has f\nd p>tisans3 = ! mo/ extravagant fables are ^? :i* are ! be/ receiv$ by ! weak imag9ations ( m54 ,v>i\s philosoph]s !n _h writt5 ! romance ( ! s\l3 at l5g?1 a wise man mode/ly wrote its hi/ory4 ,( ?is hi/ory ,i am ab\t to give an abridgm5t1 accord+ to ! conception ,i h =m$ ( x4 ,i v well "k t all ! _w w n agree ) ,locke's ideas2 x is n unlikely1 t aga9/ ,desc>tes & ,malebran*e1 ,locke 0 "r1 b t aga9/ ! ,sorbonne he 0 wrong3 ,i speak accord+ to ! lights ( philosophy1 n accord+ to ! relations ( ! fai?4 ,x is n = me to ?9k o!rwise ?an humanly2 !ologians decide div9ely1 :i* is q ano!r ?+3 reason & fai? are ( contr>y natures4 ,9 a ^w1 "h foll[s a %ort ab/ract ( ,locke1 :i* ,i w\ld c5sure1 if ,i 7 a !ologian1 b :i* ,i adopt = a mom5t1 simply z a hypo!sis--a conjecture ( philosophy4 ,humanly speak+1 ! "q is3 ,:at is ! s\l8 #a4 ,! ^w s\l is "o ( ^? :i* ev]yone pron\nces )\t und]/&+ x2 we und]/& only ^? ?+s ( :i* we h an idea2 we h no idea ( s\l--_s2 !re=e we d n und]/& x4 #b4 ,we h !n be5 pleas$ to give ! "n ( s\l to ! faculty ( feel+ & ?9k+1 z we h giv5 t ( life to ! faculty ( liv+1 & t ( w to ! faculty ( will+4 ,reason]s h come & said3 ,man is compos$ ( matt] & _s3 matt] is ext5d$ & divisible2 _s is nei!r ext5d$ nor divisible2 !re=e1 say !y1 x is ( ano!r nature4 ,?is is a jo9+ toge!r ( be+s :i* are n made = ea* o!r1 & :i* ,god unites 9 spite ( _! nature4 ,we see little ( ! body1 we see no?+ ( ! s\l2 x has no p>ts1 !re=e x is et]nal2 x has ideas pure & spiritual1 !re=e x does n receive !m f matt]2 nor does x receive !m f itself1 !re=e ,god gives !m to x1 & x br+s ) x at its bir? ! ideas ( ,god1 inf9ity1 & all g5]al ideas4 ,/ill humanly speak+1 ,i answ] ^! g5tlem5 t !y are v kn[+4 ,!y tell u1 fir/1 t !re is a s\l1 & !n :at t s\l mu/ be4 ,!y pron\nce ! ^w matt]1 & !n pla9ly decide :at x is4 ,& ,i say to !m3 ,y h no k ei!r ( _s or ( matt]4 ,by _s y c imag9e only ! faculty ( ?9k+2 by matt] y c und]/& only a c]ta9 assemblage ( qualities1 colors1 ext5ts1 & solidities1 :i* x has pleas$ y to call matt]2 & y h assign$ limits to matt] & to ! s\l1 ev5 be=e y are sure ( ! exi/5ce ( ei!r ! "o or ! o!r4 ,z = matt]1 y gravely tea* t x has only ext5t & solidity2 & ,i tell y mode/ly1 t x is capable ( a ?\s& prop]ties ab\t :i* nei!r y nor ,i "k any?+4 ,y say t ! s\l is indivisible1 et]nal2 & "h y assume t :i* is 9 "q4 ,y are mu* l ! reg5t ( a college1 :o1 hav+ nev] 9 8 life se5 a clock1 %\ld all at once h an ,engli% repeat] put into 8 h&s4 ,?is man1 a good p]ipatetic1 is /ruck by ! exactness ) :i* ! h&s m>k ! "t1 & /ill m a/oni%$ t a button1 press$ by ! f+]1 %\ld s\nd precisely ! h\r m>k$ by ! h&4 ,my philosoph] w n fail to prove t !re is 9 ?is ma*9e a s\l :i* gov]ns x & directs its spr+s4 ,he le>n$ly demon/rates 8 op9ion by ! simile ( ! angels :o keep ! cele/ial sph]es 9 motion2 & 9 ! class he =ms f9e !ses1 ma9ta9$ on ! s\ls ( wat*es4 ,"o ( 8 s*ol>s op5s ! wat*1 & no?+ is f\nd b spr+s2 yet ! sy/em ( ! s\l ( wat*es is /ill ma9ta9$1 & is consid]$ z demon/rat$4 ,i am t s*ol>1 op5+ ! wat* call$ man2 b in/ead ( boldly def9+ :at we d n und]/&1 ,i endeavor to exam9e by degrees :at we wi% to "k4 ,let u take an infant at ! mom5t ( its bir?1 & foll[1 /ep by /ep1 ! progress ( its und]/&+4 ,y d me ! honor ( in=m+ me t ,god took ! tr\ble ( creat+ a s\l1 to g & take up its abode 9 ?is body :5 ab\t six weeks old2 t ?is s\l1 on its arrival1 is provid$ ) metaphysical ideas--hav+ consequ5tly a v cle> k ( _s1 ( ab/ract ideas1 ( inf9ity--be+1 9 %ort1 a v kn[+ p]son4 ,b un=tunately x quits ! ut]us 9 ! utt]mo/ ignorance3 = eighte5 mon?s x kn[s no?+ b its nurse's teat2 & :5 at ! age ( tw5ty ye>s an attempt is made to br+ back to ?is s\l's recollection all ! sci5tific ideas :i* x _h :5 x ent]$ its body1 x is (t5 too dull ( appreh5sion to conceive any "o ( !m4 ,!re are :ole nations :i* h nev] _h s mu* z "o ( ^! ideas4 ,:at1 9 tru?1 7 ! s\ls ( ,desc>tes & ,malebran*e ?9k+ (1 :5 !y imag9$ su* rev]ies8 ,let u !n foll[ ! idea ( ! *ild1 )\t /opp+ at ! imag9+s ( ! philosoph]s4 ,! day t 8 "m 0 br\ght to b$ ( him & 8 s\l1 !re 7 born 9 ! h\se a dog1 a cat1 & a can>y bird4 ,at ! end ( eighte5 mon?s ,i make ! dog an excell5t hunt]2 9 a ye> ! can>y bird :i/les an air2 9 six weeks ! cat is ma/] ( its pr(ession2 & ! *ild1 at ! end ( f\r ye>s1 does no?+4 ,i1 a gross p]son1 witness+ ?is prodigi\s diff]5ce1 & nev] hav+ se5 a *ild1 ?9k at fir/ t ! cat1 ! dog1 & ! can>y are v intellig5t creatures1 & t ! infant is an automaton4 ,h[ev]1 by little & little1 ,i p]ceive t ?is *ild has ideas & memory1 t he has ! same passions z ^! animals2 & !n ,i ackn[l$ge t he is1 l !m1 a rational creature4 ,he communicates to me diff]5t ideas by "s words :i* he has le>n$1 9 l mann] z my dog1 by div]sifi$ cries1 makes kn[n to me exactly 8 diff]5t wants4 ,i p]ceive at ! age ( six or sev5 ye>s ! *ild comb9es 9 8 little bra9 almo/ z _m ideas z my h\nd 9 82 & at l5g?1 z he gr[s old]1 he acquires an inf9ite v>iety ( k4 ,!n :at am ,i to ?9k ( him8 ,%all ,i believe t he is ( a nature altoge!r diff]5t8 ,und\bt$ly n2 = y see on "o h& an idiot1 & on ! o!r a ,newton2 yet y ass]t t !y are ( "o & ! same nature--t !re is no diff]5ce b t ( great] & less4 ,! bett] to assure myself ( ! v]isimilitude ( my probable op9ion1 ,i exam9e ! dog & ! *ild bo? wak+ & sleep+--,i h !m ea* bl$ imm$iately2 !n _! ideas seem to escape ) _! blood4 ,9 ?is /ate ,i call !m--!y d n answ]2 & if ,i draw f !m a few m ounces1 my two ma*9es1 :i* be=e _h ideas 9 great pl5ty & passions ( e k9d1 h no long] any feel+4 ,i next exam9e my two animals :ile !y sleep2 ,i p]ceive t ! dog1 aft] eat+ too mu*1 has dreams2 he hunts & cries aft] ! game2 my y\ng/]1 9 ! same /ate1 talks to 8 mi/ress & makes love 9 8 dreams4 ,if bo? h eat5 mod]ately1 ,i obs]ve t nei!r ( !m dream2 9 %ort1 ,i see t ! faculties ( feel+1 p]ceiv+1 & express+ _! ideas unfold !mselves gradually1 & also become weak] by degrees4 ,i discov] _m m aff9ities betwe5 !m ?an betwe5 any man ( /rong m9d & "o absolutely imbecile4 ,:at op9ion !n %all ,i ent]ta9 ( _! nature8 ,t :i* e p at fir/ imag9$1 be=e ,egyptian policy ass]t$ ! spirituality1 ! immortality1 ( ! s\l4 ,i %all ev5 suspect t ,ar*im$es & a mole are b diff]5t v>ieties ( ! same species--z an oak & a gra9 ( mu/>d are =m$ by ! same pr9ciples1 ?\gh ! "o is a l>ge tree & ! o!r ! se$ ( a small plant4 ,i %all believe t ,god has giv5 portions ( intellig5ce to portions ( matt] organiz$ = ?9k+2 ,i %all believe t matt] has s5sations 9 proportion to ! f95ess ( its s5ses1 t x is !y :i* proportion !m to ! measure ( our ideas2 ,i %all believe t ! oy/] 9 its %ell has few] s5sations & s5ses1 because its s\l be+ atta*$ to its %ell1 five s5ses w\ld n at all be useful to x4 ,!re are _m animals ) only two s5ses2 we h five--:i* are v few4 ,x is to be believ$ t 9 o!r worlds !re are o!r animals enjoy+ tw5ty or ?irty s5ses1 & t o!r species1 yet m p]fect1 h s5ses to inf9ity4 ,su*1 x appe>s to me1 is ! mo/ natural way ( reason+ on ! matt]--t is1 ( guess+ & inspect+ ) c]ta9ty4 ,a long "t elaps$ be=e m5 7 +5i\s en\gh to imag9e an unkn[n be+1 :i* is ourselves1 :i* does all 9 u1 :i* is n altoge!r ourselves1 & :i* lives aft] u4 ,nor 0 s bold an idea adopt$ all at once4 ,at fir/ ?is ^w s\l signifies life1 & 0 common to u & ! o!r animals2 !n our pride made u a s\l ap>t1 & caus$ u to imag9e a sub/antial =m = o!r creatures4 ,?is human pride asks3 ,:at !n is t p[] ( p]ceiv+ & feel+1 :i* 9 man is call$ s\l1 & 9 ! brute in/9ct8 ,i w satisfy ?is dem& :5 ! natural philosoph]s %all h in=m$ me :at is s\nd1 light1 space1 body1 "t4 ,i w say1 9 ! _s ( ! wise ,locke3 ,philosophy consi/s 9 /opp+ :5 ! tor* ( physical sci5ce fails u4 ,i obs]ve ! effects ( nature2 b ,i freely own t ( fir/ pr9ciples ,i h no m conception ?an y h4 ,all ,i d "k is t ,i ought n to attribute to sev]al causes--especially to unkn[n causes--t :i* ,i c attribute to a kn[n cause2 n[ ,i c attribute to my body ! faculty ( ?9k+ & feel+2 !re=e ,i ought n to seek ?is faculty ( ?9k+ & feel+ 9 ano!r sub/ance1 call$ s\l or _s1 ( :i* ,i _c h ! smalle/ idea4 ,y exclaim aga9/ ?is proposition4 ,d y !n ?9k x irreligi\s to d>e to say t ! body c ?9k8 ,b :at w\ld y say1 ,locke w\ld answ]1 if y y\rselves 7 f\nd guilty ( irreligion 9 ?us d>+ to set b\nds to ! p[] ( ,god8 ,:at man ^u e>? c affirm1 )\t absurd impiety1 t x is impossible = ,god to give to matt] s5sation & ?\ght8 ,weak & presumptu\s t y are6 y boldly advance t matt] does n ?9k1 because y d n conceive h[ matt] ( any k9d %\ld ?9k4 ,ye great philosoph]s1 :o decide on ! p[] ( ,god1 & say t ,god c ( a /one make an angel--d y n see t1 accord+ to y\rselves1 ,god w\ld 9 t case only give to a /one ! p[] ( ?9k+8 = if ! matt] ( ! /one did n rema91 !re w\ld no long] be a /one2 !re w\ld be a /one annihilat$ & an angel creat$4 ,:i*ev] way y turn y are =c$ to ackn[l$ge two ?+s--y\r ignorance & ! b\ndless p[] ( ! ,creator2 y\r ignorance1 to :i* ?9k+ matt] is repugnant2 & ! ,creator's p[]1 to :i* c]tes x is n impossible4 ,y1 :o "k t matt] does n p]i%1 w dispute :e!r ,god has ! p[] to pres]ve 9 t matt] ! noble/ quality ) :i* ,he has end[$ x4 ,ext5t subsi/s p]fectly )\t body1 ?r\gh ,him1 s9ce !re are philosoph]s :o believe 9 a void2 accid5ts subsi/ v well )\t sub/ance ) ,*ri/ians :o believe 9 transub/antiation4 ,god1 y say1 _c d t :i* implies contradiction4 ,to be sure ( ?is1 x is necess>y to "k m ( ! matt] ?an y d "k2 x is all 9 va92 y w nev] "k m ?an ?is--t y are a body1 & t y ?9k4 ,_m p]sons :o h le>n$ at s*ool to d\bt ( no?+1 :o take _! syllogisms = oracles & _! sup]/itions = religion1 consid] ,locke z impi\s & dang]\s4 ,^! sup]/iti\s p are 9 society :at c[>ds are 9 an army2 !y are possess$ by & communicate panic t]ror4 ,we mu/ h ! compassion to dissipate _! fe>s2 !y mu/ be made s5sible t ! op9ions ( philosoph]s w nev] d h>m to religion4 ,we "k = c]ta9 t light comes f ! sun1 & t ! planets revolve r\nd t lum9>y2 yet we d n read ) any ! less edification 9 ! ,bible t light 0 made be=e ! sun1 & t ! sun /ood /ill ov] ! village ( ,gibeon4 ,x is demon/rat$ t ! ra9b[ is necess>ily =m$ by ! ra92 yet we d n ! lea/ rev]5ce ! sacr$ text :i* says t ,god set ,8 b[ 9 ! cl\ds1 aft] ! ,deluge1 z a sign t !re %\ld nev] be ano!r inundation4 ,:at ?\gh ! my/]y ( ! ,tr9ity & t ( ! eu*>i/ are contradictory to kn[n demon/rations8 ,!y are n ! less v5]at$ by ,ca?olic philosoph]s1 :o "k t ! ?+s ( reason & ^? ( fai? are diff]5t 9 _! nature4 ,! notion ( ! antipodes 0 condemn$ by ! popes & ! c\ncils2 yet ! popes discov]$ ! antipodes & c>ri$ ?i!r t v ,*ri/ian religion1 ! de/ruction ( :i* _h be5 ?\ght to be sure1 9 case !re c\ld be f\nd a man :o1 z x 0 !n express$1 %\ld h1 z relative to our own position1 8 head d[nw>ds & 8 feet upw>ds1 & :o1 z ! v unphilosophical ,/4 ,augu/9e says1 %\ld h fall5 f heav54 ,& n[1 let me once repeat t1 :ile ,i write ) fre$om1 ,i w>rant no op9ion--,i am responsible = no?+4 ,p]haps !re are1 among ^! dreams1 "s reason+s1 & ev5 "s rev]ies1 to :i* ,i %\ld give ! pref]5ce2 b !re is n "o t ,i w\ld n unhesitat+ly sacrifice to religion & to my c\ntry4 ,,section ,,ix4 ,i %all suppose a doz5 ( good philosoph]s 9 an isl& :]e !y h nev] se5 any?+ b vegetables4 ,su* an isl&1 & especially twelve su* philosoph]s1 w\ld be v h>d to f9d2 h[ev]1 ! fiction is all[able4 ,!y admire ! life :i* circulates 9 ! fibres ( ! plants1 appe>+ to be alt]nately lo/ & r5ew$2 & z !y "k n h[ a plant spr+s up1 h[ x d]ives its n\ri%m5t & gr[?1 !y call ?is a vegetative s\l4 ,:at1 !y are ask$1 d y und]/& by a vegetative s\l8 ,!y answ]3 ,x is a ^w t s]ves to express ! unkn[n spr+ by :i* all ?is is op]at$4 ,b d y n see1 a me*anic w ask !m1 t all ?is is naturally done by weights1 lev]s1 :eels1 & pulleys8 ,no1 ! philosoph]s w say2 !re is 9 ?is vegetation some?+ o!r ?an ord9>y motion2 !re is a secret p[] :i* all plants h ( draw+ to !mselves ! juices :i* n\ri% !m2 & ?is p[] _c be expla9$ by any sy/em ( me*anics2 x is a gift :i* ,god has made to matt]1 & ! nature ( :i* nei!r y nor we compreh5d4 ,aft] disput+ ?us1 our reason]s at l5g? discov] animals4 ,oh1 oh6 say !y1 aft] a long exam9ation1 "h are be+s organiz$ l ourselves4 ,x is indisputable t !y h memory1 & (t5 m ?an we h4 ,!y h our passions2 !y h k2 !y make u und]/& all _! wants2 !y p]petuate _! species l u4 ,our philosoph]s dissect "s ( ^! be+s1 & f9d 9 !m he>ts & bra9s4 ,:at6 say !y1 c ! au?or ( ^! ma*9es1 :o does no?+ 9 va91 h giv5 !m all ! organs ( feel+1 9 ord] t !y may h no feel+8 ,x 7 absurd to ?9k s--!re is c]ta9ly some?+ 9 !ra :i*1 = want ( kn[+ a bett] t]m1 we likewise call s\l--some?+ t exp]i5ces s5sations1 & has a c]ta9 numb] ( ideas4 ,b :at is ?is pr9ciple8 ,is x some?+ absolutely diff]5t f matt]8 ,is x a pure _s8 ,is x a middle be+1 betwe5 matt]1 ( :i* we "k little1 & pure _s1 ( :i* we "k no?+8 ,is x a prop]ty giv5 by ,god to organiz$ matt]8 ,!y !n make exp]im5ts ^u insects2 ^u e>? worms--!y cut !m into sev]al p>ts1 & are a/oni%$ to f9d t1 aft] a %ort "t1 !re come heads to all ^! divid$ p>ts2 ! same animal is reproduc$1 & its v de/ruction becomes ! means ( its multiplication4 ,has x sev]al s\ls1 :i* wait until ! head is cut (f ! orig9al trunk1 to animate ! reproduc$ p>ts8 ,!y are l trees1 :i* put =? fre% bran*es1 & are reproduc$ f slips4 ,h ^! trees sev]al s\ls8 ,x is n likely4 ,!n x is v probable t ! s\l ( ^! reptiles is ( a diff]5t k9d f t :i* we call vegetative s\l 9 plants2 t x is a faculty ( a sup]ior ord]1 :i* ,god has v\*saf$ to give to c]ta9 portions ( matt]4 ,"h is a fre% pro( ( ,8 p[]--a fre% subject ( adoration4 ,a man ( viol5t temp]1 & a bad reason]1 he>s ?is disc\rse & says to !m3 ,y are wick$ wret*es1 ^: bodies %\ld be burn$ = ! good ( y\r s\ls1 = y d5y ! immortality ( ! s\l ( man4 ,our philosoph]s !n look at "o ano!r 9 p]fect a/oni%m5t1 & "o ( !m mildly answ]s him3 ,:y burn u s ha/ily8 ,:5ce h y conclud$ t we h an idea t y\r cruel s\l is mortal8 ,f y\r believ+1 returns ! o!r1 t ,god has giv5 to ! brutes :i* are organiz$ l u1 ! faculty ( hav+ feel+s & ideas4 ,n[ ?is s\l ( ! bea/s p]i%es ) !m2 !re=e y believe t ! s\l ( man p]i%es also4 ,! philosoph] replies3 ,we are n at all sure t :at we call s\l 9 animal p]i%es ) !m2 we "k v well t matt] does n p]i%1 & we believe t ,god may h put 9 animals some?+ :i*1 if ,god w x1 %all =ev] reta9 ! faculty ( hav+ ideas4 ,we are v f> f affirm+ t su* is ! case1 = x is h>dly = m5 to be s confid5t2 b we d>e n set b\nds to ! p[] ( ,god4 ,we say t x is v probable t ! bea/s1 :i* are matt]1 h receiv$ f ,him a little intellig5ce4 ,we are e day discov]+ prop]ties ( matt]--t is1 pres5ts f ,god--( :i* we _h be=e no idea4 ,we at fir/ def9$ matt] to be an ext5d$ sub/ance2 next we f\nd x necess>y to add solidity2 "s "t aft]w>ds we 7 oblig$ to admit t ?is matt] has a =ce :i* is call$ vis in]ti2 & aft] ?is1 to our great a/oni%m5t1 we _h to ackn[l$ge t matt] gravitates4 ,:5 we s\ght to c>ry our rese>*es fur!r1 we 7 =c$ to recognize be+s resembl+ matt] 9 "s ?+s1 b )\t ! o!r1 attributes ) :i* matt] is gift$4 ,! elem5t>y fire1 = in/ance1 acts ^u our s5ses l o!r bodies2 b x does n1 l !m1 t5d to a c5tre2 on ! contr>y1 x escapes f ! c5tre 9 /raight l9es on e side4 ,x does n seem to obey ! laws ( attraction1 ( gravitation1 l o!r bodies4 ,!re are my/]ies 9 optics1 = :i* x w\ld be h>d to acc\nt1 )\t v5tur+ to suppose t ! rays ( light p5etrate "o ano!r4 ,!re is c]ta9ly some?+ 9 light :i* di/+ui%es x f kn[n matt]4 ,light seems to be a middle be+ betwe5 bodies & o!r k9ds ( be+s ( :i* we are ignorant6 ,x is v likely t ^! o!r k9ds are !mselves a m$ium lead+ to o!r creatures1 & t !re is a *a9 ( sub/ances ext5d+ to inf9ity4 ,usque adeo quod tangit idem e/1 tam5 ultima di/ant6 ,?is idea seems to u to be wor?y ( ! greatness ( ,god1 if any?+ is wor?y ( x4 ,among ^! sub/ances ,he has d\btless _h p[] to *oose "o :i* ,he has lodg$ 9 our bodies1 & :i* we call ! human s\l2 & ! sacr$ books :i* we h read in=m u t ?is s\l is immortal4 ,reason is 9 accordance ) revelation2 = h[ %\ld any sub/ance p]i%8 ,e mode is de/roy$2 ! sub/ance rema9s4 ,we _c conceive ! creation ( a sub/ance2 we _c conceive its annihilation2 b we d>e n affirm t ! absolute ma/] ( all be+s _c also give feel+s & p]ceptions to ! be+ :i* we call matt]4 ,y are q sure t ! ess5ce ( y\r s\l is to ?9k2 b we are n s sure ( ?is2 = :5 we exam9e a ftus1 we c h>dly believe t its s\l _h _m ideas 9 its head2 & we v mu* d\bt :e!r1 9 a s\nd & deep sleep1 or 9 a complete le?>gy1 any "o ev] m$itat$4 ,?us x appe>s to u t ?\ght may v well be1 n ! ess5ce ( ! ?9k+ be+1 b a pres5t made by ! ,creator to be+s :i* we call ?9k+2 f all :i* we suspect t1 if ,he w\ld1 ,he c\ld make ?is pres5t to an atom2 & c\ld pres]ve ?is atom & ,8 pres5t =ev]1 or de/roy x at ,8 pleasure4 ,! difficulty consi/s n s mu* 9 div9+ h[ matt] c\ld ?9k1 z 9 div9+ h[ any sub/ance :atev] does ?9k4 ,y h ideas only because ,god has be5 pleas$ to give !m to y2 :y w\ld y prev5t ,him f giv+ !m to o!r species8 ,c y really be s fe>less z to d>e to believe t y\r s\l is precisely ( ! same k9d z ! sub/ances :i* approa* ne>e/ to ! ,div9ity8 ,!re is great probability t !y are ( an ord] v sup]ior1 & t consequ5tly ,god has v\*saf$ to give !m a way ( ?9k+ inf9itely f9]1 j z ,he has giv5 a v limit$ measure ( ideas to ! animals :i* are ( an ord] inf]ior to y4 ,i "k n h[ ,i live1 nor h[ ,i give life2 yet y w\ld h me "k h[ ,i h ideas4 ,! s\l is a timepiece :i* ,god has giv5 u to manage2 b ,he has n told u ( :at ! spr+ ( ?is timepiece is compos$4 ,is !re any?+ 9 all ?is f :i* x c be inf]r$ t our s\ls are mortal8 ,once m let u repeat x--we ?9k z y d ( ! immortality ann\nc$ to u by fai?2 b we believe t we are too ignorant to affirm t ,god has n ! p[] ( grant+ ?\ght to :atev] be+ ,he pleases4 ,y b\nd ! p[] ( ! ,creator1 :i* is b\ndless2 & we ext5d x z f> z ,8 exi/5ce ext5ds4 ,=give u = believ+ ,him to be omnipot5t1 z we =give y = re/ra9+ ,8 p[]4 ,y d\btless "k all t ,he c d1 & we "k no?+ ( x4 ,let u live z bre?r52 let u adore our common ,fa!r 9 peace--y ) y\r kn[+ & d>+ s\ls1 we ) our ignorant & timid s\ls4 ,we h a day to live2 let u pass x calmly1 )\t qu>rell+ ab\t difficulties t w be cle>$ up 9 ! immortal life :i* w beg9 to-morr[4 ,! brutal man1 hav+ no?+ good to say 9 reply1 talk$ a long :ile1 & 0 v angry4 ,our poor philosoph]s employ$ !mselves = "s weeks 9 read+ hi/ory2 & aft] read+ well1 !y spoke z foll[s to ?is b>b>ian1 :o 0 s unwor?y to h an immortal s\l3 ,my fri5d1 we h read t 9 all antiquity ?+s w5t on z well z !y d 9 our own times--t !re 7 ev5 great] virtues1 & t philosoph]s 7 n p]secut$ = ! op9ions :i* !y held2 :y1 !n1 %\ld y seek to injure u = op9ions :i* we d n hold8 ,we read t all ! anci5ts believ$ matt] to be et]nal4 ,!y :o saw t x 0 creat$ left ! o!rs at re/4 ,py?agoras _h be5 a cock1 8 relations _h be5 sw9e2 b no "o f\nd fault ) ?is2 8 sect 0 *]i%$ & rev]$ by all1 except ! cooks & ^? :o _h beans to sell4 ,! ,/oics ackn[l$g$ a god1 ne>ly ! same z ! god aft]w>ds s ra%ly admitt$ by ! ,sp9ozi/s2 yet ,/oicism 0 a sect ! mo/ fruitful 9 h]oic virtues1 & ! mo/ accr$it$4 ,! ,epicureans made _! god l our canons1 ^: indol5t corpul5ce upholds _! div9ity1 & :o take _! nect> & ambrosia 9 quiet1 )\t m$dl+ ) any?+4 ,^! ,epicureans boldly taught ! mat]iality & ! mortality ( ! s\l2 b !y 7 n ! less respect$2 !y 7 admitt$ into all (fices2 & _! crook$ atoms nev] did ! _w any h>m4 ,! ,platoni/s1 l ! ,gymnosophi/s1 did n d u ! honor to ?9k t ,god _h condesc5d$ to =m u ,himself4 ,accord+ to !m1 ,he left ?is task to ,8 (fic]s--to g5ii1 :o 9 ! c\rse ( _! "w made _m blund]s4 ,! god ( ! ,platoni/s 0 an excell5t workman1 :o employ$ "h bel[ v indiff]5t assi/ants2 b m5 did n ! less rev]5ce ! s*ool ( ,plato4 ,9 %ort1 among ! ,greeks & ! ,romans1 s _m sects z !re 71 s _m ways ( ?9k+ ab\t ,god & ! s\l1 ! pa/ & ! future1 none ( ^! sects 7 p]secutors4 ,!y 7 all mi/ak5--& we are v sorry = x2 b !y 7 all peaceful--& ?is conf\nds u1 ?is condemns u1 ?is %[s u t mo/ ( ! reason]s ( ! pres5t day are mon/]s1 & t ^? ( antiquity 7 m54 ,!y sang publicly on ! ,roman /age3 ,po/ mortem nihil e/1 ipsaque mors nihil4--,naught aft] dea?1 & dea? is no?+4 ,^! op9ions made m5 nei!r bett] nor worse2 all 0 gov]n$1 all w5t on z usual2 & ,titus1 ,trajan1 & ,aurelius gov]n$ ! e>? l b5efic5t deities4 ,pass+ f ! ,greeks & ! ,romans to b>b>\s nations1 let u only contemplate ! ,jews4 ,sup]/iti\s1 cruel1 & ignorant z ?is wret*$ p 71 /ill !y honor$ ! ,ph>isees1 :o admitt$ ! fatality ( de/9y & ! metempsy*osis2 !y also paid respect to ! ,sadducees1 :o absolutely d5i$ ! immortality ( ! s\l & ! exi/5ce ( spirits1 tak+ = _! f\ndation ! law ( ,moses1 :i* _h made no m5tion ( pa9 or rew>d aft] dea?4 ,! ,ess5es1 :o also believ$ 9 fatality1 & :o nev] (f]$ up victims 9 ! temple1 7 rev]5c$ /ill m ?an ! ,ph>isees & ! ,sadducees4 ,none ( _! op9ions ev] di/urb$ ! gov]nm5t4 ,yet "h 7 abundant subjects = slaught]+1 burn+1 & ext]m9at+ "o ano!r1 _h !y be5 s incl9$4 ,oh1 mis]able m56 pr(it by ^! examples4 ,?9k1 & let o!rs ?9k4 ,x is ! solace ( our feeble m9ds 9 ?is %ort life4 ,:at6 w y receive ) polit5ess a ,turk1 :o believes t ,mahomet travell$ to ! moon2 w y be c>eful n to displease ! pa%a ,bonneval2 & yet w y h y\r bro!r hang$1 drawn1 & qu>t]$1 because he believes t ,god creat$ intellig5ce 9 e creature8 ,s spake "o ( ! philosoph]s2 & ano!r ( !m add$3 ,believe me1 x ne$ nev] be fe>$ t any philosophical op9ion w hurt ! religion ( a c\ntry4 ,:at ?\gh our my/]ies are contr>y to our demon/rations1 !y are n ! less rev]5c$ by our ,*ri/ian philosoph]s1 :o "k t ! objects ( reason & fai? are ( diff]5t natures4 ,philosoph]s w nev] =m a religi\s sect2 & :y8 ,because !y are )\t en?usiasm4 ,divide mank9d into tw5ty p>ts2 & ( ^!1 n9ete5 consi/ ( ^? :o labor ) _! h&s1 & w nev] "k t !re has be5 su* a p]son z ,locke 9 ! _w4 ,9 ! rema9+ tw5tie?1 h[ few m5 w be f\nd :o read6 & among ^? :o read1 !re are tw5ty t read novels = "o t /udies philosophy4 ,^? :o ?9k are excessively few2 & ^? few d n set !mselves to di/urb ! _w4 ,:o are !y :o h wav$ ! tor* ( discord 9 _! native c\ntry8 ,are !y ,pomponatius1 ,montaigne1 ,la ,vay]1 ,desc>tes1 ,gass5di1 ,bayle1 ,sp9oza1 ,hobbes1 ,%aftesbury1 ,b\la9villi]s1 ! ,consul ,maillet1 ,tol&1 ,coll9s1 ,flood1 ,wool/on1 ,bekk]1 ! au?or disguis$ "u ! "n ( ,jacques ,mass1 he ( ! ,turki% ,spy1 he ( ! ,lettres ,p]sanes ( ! ,lettres ,juives1 ( ! ,p5ses ,philosophiques8 ,no2 !y are = ! mo/ "p !ologians1 :o1 hav+ at fir/ be5 ambiti\s ( becom+ lead]s ( a sect1 h soon become ambiti\s to be lead]s ( a p>ty4 ,nay1 n all ! books ( mod]n philosophy put toge!r w ev] make s mu* noise 9 ! _w z 0 once made by ! dispute ( ! ,cordeli]s ab\t ! =m ( _! hoods & sleeves4 ,,section ,x4 ,on ! ,antiquity ( ! ,dogma ( ! ,immortality ( ! ,s\l--,a ,fragm5t4 ,! dogma ( ! immortality ( ! s\l is at once ! mo/ consol+ & ! mo/ repress+ idea t ! m9d ( man c receive4 ,?is f9e philosophy 0 z anci5t among ! ,egyptians z _! pyramids2 & be=e !m x 0 kn[n to ! ,p]sians4 ,i h already else:]e relat$ ! allegory ( ! fir/ ,zoroa/]1 cit$ 9 ! ,sadd]1 9 :i* ,god %[s to ,zoroa/] a place ( *a/isem5t1 su* z ! ,d>d>o? or ,k]on ( ! ,egyptians1 ! ,hades & ! ,t>t>us ( ! ,greeks1 :i* we h b imp]fectly r5d]$ 9 our mod]n tongues by ! words inf]no1 enf]1 inf]nal regions1 hell1 bottomless pit4 ,9 ?is place ( puni%m5t ,god %[$ to ,zoroa/] all ! bad k+s2 "o ( !m _h b "o foot2 ,zoroa/] ask$ ! reason2 & ,god answ]$ t ?is k+ _h done only "o good action 9 8 life1 :i* 0 by approa*+ to kick =w>d a tr\gh :i* 0 n ne> en\gh to a poor ass dy+ ( hung]4 ,god _h plac$ ?is wick$ man's foot 9 heav52 ! re/ ( 8 body 0 9 hell4 ,?is fable1 :i* _c be too (t5 repeat$1 %[s h[ anci5t 0 ! op9ion ( ano!r life4 ,! ,indians 7 p]suad$ ( x1 z _! metempsy*osis proves4 ,! ,*9ese v5]at$ ! s\ls ( _! ance/ors4 ,ea* ( ^! nations _h f\nd$ p[]ful empires long be=e ! ,egyptians4 ,?is is a v important tru?1 :i* ,i ?9k ,i h already prov$ by ! v nature ( ! soil ( ,egypt4 ,! mo/ favorable gr\nds mu/ h be5 cultivat$ ! fir/2 ! gr\nd ( ,egypt is ! lea/ favorable ( all1 be+ "u wat] f\r mon?s ( ! ye>2 x 0 n until aft] imm5se labor1 & consequ5tly aft] a prodigi\s lapse ( "t1 t t[ns 7 at l5g? rais$ :i* ! ,nile c\ld n inundate4 ,?is empire1 !n1 anci5t z x 01 0 mu* less anci5t ?an ! empires ( ,asia2 & 9 bo? "o & ! o!r x 0 believ$ t ! s\l exi/$ aft] dea?4 ,x is true t all ^! nations1 )\t exception1 consid]$ ! s\l z a light e!real =m1 an image ( ! body2 ! ,greek ^w signify+ brea? 0 inv5t$ long aft] by ! ,greeks4 ,b x is beyond a d\bt t a "p ( ourselves 0 consid]$ z immortal4 ,rew>ds & puni%m5ts 9 ano!r life 7 ! gr& f\ndation ( anci5t !ology4 ,ph]ecides 0 ! fir/ among ! ,greeks :o believ$ t s\ls exi/$ f all et]nity1 & n ! fir/1 z has be5 suppos$1 :o said t ! s\l surviv$ ! body4 ,ulysses1 long be=e ,ph]ecides1 _h se5 ! s\ls ( h]oes 9 ! inf]nal regions2 b t s\ls 7 z old z ! _w 0 a sy/em :i* _h sprung up 9 ! ,ea/1 & 0 br\ght into ! ,we/ by ,ph]ecides4 ,i d n believe t !re is among u a s+le sy/em :i* is n to be f\nd among ! anci5ts4 ,! mat]ials ( all our mod]n edifices are tak5 f ! wreck ( antiquity4 ,,section ,,xi4 ,x w\ld be a f9e ?+ to see "o's s\l4 ,"k ?yself is an excell5t precept2 b x belongs only to ,god to put x 9 practice4 ,:o b ,he c "k ,8 own ess5ce8 ,we call s\l t :i* animates4 ,ow+ to our limit$ intellig5ce we "k sc>cely any?+ m ( ! matt]4 ,?ree-f\r?s ( mank9d g no fur!r1 & give !mselves no conc]n ab\t ! ?9k+ be+2 ! o!r f\r? seek x2 no "o has f\nd x1 or ev] w f9d x4 ,poor p$ant6 ?\ see/ a plant :i* vegetates1 & ?\ saye/1 vegetation1 or p]haps vegetative s\l4 ,?\ rem>ke/ t bodies h & communicate motion1 & ?\ saye/1 =ce2 ?\ see/ ?y dog le>n 8 craft "u !e1 & ?\ exclaime/1 in/9ct1 s5sitive s\l6 ,?\ ha/ comb9$ ideas1 & ?\ exclaime/1 _s6 ,b pray1 :at do/ ?\ und]/& by ^! words8 ,?is fl[] vegetates2 b is !re any real be+ call$ vegetation8 ,?is body pu%es along ano!r1 b does x possess )9 itself a di/9ct be+ call$ =ce8 ,?y dog br+s !e a p>tridge1 b is !re any be+ call$ in/9ct8 ,w\ld/ ?\ n laugh1 if a reason]--?\gh he _h be5 preceptor to ,alex&]--7 to say to !e3 ,all animals live2 !re=e !re is 9 !m a be+1 a sub/antial =m1 :i* is life8 ,if a tulip c\ld speak & 7 to tell !e3 ,i & my vegetation are two be+s evid5tly jo9$ toge!r2 w\ld/ ?\ n laugh at ! tulip8 ,let u at fir/ see :at ?\ kn[e/1 ( :at ?\ art c]ta92 t ?\ walke/ ) ?y feet2 t ?\ dige/e/ ) ?y /oma*2 t ?\ feele/ ) ?y :ole body2 & t ?\ ?9ke/ ) ?y head4 ,let u see if ?y reason alone c h giv5 !e light en\gh by :i* to conclude1 )\t sup]natural aid1 t ?\ ha/ a s\l4 ,! fir/ philosoph]s1 :e!r ,*aldans or ,egyptians1 said3 ,!re mu/ be some?+ )9 u :i* produces our ?\ghts2 t some?+ mu/ be v subtile2 x is a brea?2 x is fire2 x is e!r2 x is a qu9tess5ce2 x is a sl5d] lik5ess2 x is an antele*ia2 x is a numb]2 x is a h>mony4 ,la/ly1 accord+ to ! div9e ,plato1 x is a comp\nd ( ! same & ! o!r4 ,x is atoms :i* ?9k 9 u1 said ,epicurus1 aft] ,democrites4 ,b1 my fri5d1 h[ does an atom ?9k8 ,ackn[l$ge t ?\ kn[e/ no?+ ( ! matt]4 ,! op9ion :i* "o ought to adopt is1 d\btless1 t ! s\l is an immat]ial be+2 b c]ta9ly we _c conceive :at an immat]ial be+ is4 ,no1 answ] ! le>n$2 b we "k t its nature is to ?9k4 ,& :5ce d y "k ?is8 ,we "k1 because x does ?9k4 ,oh1 ye le>n$6 ,i am mu* afraid t y are z ignorant z ,epicurus6 ,! nature ( a /one is to fall1 because x does fall2 b ,i ask y1 :at makes x fall8 ,we "k1 cont9ue !y1 t a /one has no s\l4 ,grant$2 ,i believe x z well z y4 ,we "k t an affirmative & a negative are n divisible1 are n p>ts ( matt]4 ,i am ( y\r op9ion4 ,b matt]1 o!rwise unkn[n to u1 possesses qualities :i* are n mat]ial1 :i* are n divisible2 x has gravitation t[>ds a c5tre1 :i* ,god has giv5 x2 & ?is gravitation has no p>ts2 x is n divisible4 ,! mov+ =ce ( bodies is n a be+ compos$ ( p>ts4 ,9 l mann] ! vegetation ( organiz$ bodies1 _! life1 _! in/9ct1 are n be+s ap>t1 divisible be+s2 y c no m cut 9 two ! vegetation ( a rose1 ! life ( a horse1 ! in/9ct ( a dog1 ?an y c cut 9 two a s5sation1 an affirmation1 a negation4 ,!re=e y\r f9e argum5t1 drawn f ! indivisibility ( ?\ght1 proves no?+ at all4 ,:at1 !n1 d y call y\r s\l8 ,:at idea h y ( x8 ,y _c ( y\rselves1 )\t revelation1 admit ! exi/5ce )9 y ( any?+ b a p[] unkn[n to y ( feel+ & ?9k+4 ,n[ tell me hone/ly1 is ?is p[] ( feel+ & ?9k+ ! same z t :i* causes y to dige/ & to walk8 ,y own t x is n2 = 9 va9 might y\r und]/&+ say to y\r /oma*--,dige/2 x w n1 if x be sick4 ,9 va9 might y\r immat]ial be+ ord] y\r feet to walk2 !y w n /ir1 if !y h ! g\t4 ,! ,greeks cle>ly p]ceiv$ t ?\ght has frequ5tly no?+ to d ) ! play ( our organs2 !y admitt$ ! exi/5ce ( an animal s\l = ^! organs1 & = ! ?\ghts a s\l f9]1 m subtile--a n\s4 ,b we f9d t ?is s\l ( ?\ght has1 on a ?\s& occasions1 ! asc5d5cy ov] ! animal s\l4 ,! ?9k+ s\l comm&s ! h&s to take1 & !y obey4 ,x does n tell ! he>t to beat1 ! blood to fl[1 ! *yle to =m2 all ?is is done )\t x4 ,"h !n are two s\ls mu* involv$1 & nei!r ( !m hav+ ! ma/]y4 ,n[1 ?is fir/ animal s\l c]ta9ly does n exi/2 x is no?+ m ?an ! movem5t ( our organs4 ,take he$1 ,o man6 le/ ?\ h no m pro(s b ?y weak reason t ! o!r s\l exi/s4 ,?\ can/ n "k x b by fai?2 ?\ art born1 ?\ eate/1 ?\ ?9ke/1 ?\ wake/1 ?\ sleepe/1 )\t kn[+ h[4 ,god has giv5 !e ! faculty ( ?9k+1 z ,he has giv5 !e all ! re/2 & if ,he _h n come at ! "t appo9t$ by ,8 provid5ce1 to tea* !e t ?\ ha/ an immat]ial & an immortal s\l1 ?\ w\ld/ h no pro( :atev] ( x4 ,let u exam9e ! f9e sy/ems on ! s\l1 :i* ?y philosophy has fabricat$4 ,"o says t ! s\l ( man is "p ( ! sub/ance ( ,god ,himself2 ano!r t x is "p ( ! great :ole2 a ?ird t x is creat$ f all et]nity2 a f\r? t x is made1 & n creat$4 ,o!rs assure u t ,god makes s\ls accord+ z !y are want$1 & t !y arrive at ! mom5t ( copulation4 ,!y are lodg$ 9 ! sem9al animalcules1 cries "o4 ,no1 says ano!r1 !y take up _! abode 9 ! ,fallopian tubes4 ,a ?ird comes & says3 ,y are all wrong2 ! s\l waits = six weeks1 until ! ftus is =m$1 & !n x takes possession ( ! p9eal gl&2 b if x f9ds a false conception1 x returns & waits = a bett] opportunity4 ,! la/ op9ion is t its dwell+ is 9 ! call\s body2 ?is is ! po/ assign$ to x by ,la ,peyronie4 ,a man %\ld be fir/ surgeon to ! k+ ( ,france to dispose 9 ?is way ( ! lodg+ ( ! s\l4 ,yet ! call\s body 0 n s successful 9 ! _w z ! surgeon 04 ,/4 ,?omas 9 8 "q #ge & foll[+1 says t ! s\l is a =m subsi/+ p] se1 t x is all 9 all1 t its ess5ce diff]s f its p[]2 t !re are ?ree vegetative s\ls1 viz41 ! nutritive1 ! argum5tative1 & ! g5]ative2 t ! memory ( spiritual ?+s is spiritual1 & ! memory ( corporeal ?+s is corporeal2 t ! rational s\l is a =m immat]ial z to its op]ations1 & mat]ial z to its be+4 ,/4 ,?omas wrote two ?\s& pages1 ( l =ce & cle>ness2 & he is ! angel ( ! s*ools4 ,nor h !re be5 few] sy/ems contriv$ on ! way 9 :i* ?is s\l w feel1 :5 x %all h laid aside ! body ) :i* x felt2 h[ x w he> )\t e>s1 smell )\t a nose1 & t\* )\t h&s2 :at body x w aft]w>ds resume1 :e!r t :i* x _h at two ye>s old1 or at eighty2 h[ ! ,i--! id5tity ( ! same p]son w subsi/2 h[ ! s\l ( a man become imbecile at ! age ( fifte51 & dy+ imbecile at ! age ( sev5ty1 w resume ! ?read ( ! ideas :i* he _h at ! age ( pub]ty2 by :at contrivance a s\l1 ! leg ( ^: body %all be cut (f 9 ,europe1 & "o ( its arms lo/ 9 ,am]ica1 w recov] ?is leg & arm1 :i*1 hav+ be5 trans=m$ into vegetables1 w h pass$ into ! blood ( "s o!r animal4 ,we %\ld nev] f9i%1 if we 7 to seek to give an acc\nt ( all ! extravagances :i* ?is poor human s\l has imag9$ ab\t itself4 ,x is v s+ul> t1 9 ! laws ( ,god's p1 n a ^w is said ( ! spirituality & immortality ( ! s\l2 no?+ 9 ! ,decalogue1 no?+ 9 ,leviticus1 or 9 ,deut]onomy4 ,x is q c]ta91 x is indubitable1 t ,moses n[h]e proposes to ! ,jews pa9s & rew>ds 9 ano!r life2 t he nev] m5tions to !m ! immortality ( _! s\ls2 t he nev] gives !m hopes ( heav51 nor ?reat5s !m ) hell2 all is temporal4 ,_m illu/ri\s comm5tators h ?\ght t ,moses 0 p]fectly acqua9t$ ) ^! two great dogmas2 & !y prove x by ! words ( ,jacob1 :o1 believ+ t 8 son _h be5 dev\r$ by wild bea/s1 said 9 8 grief3 ,i w g d[n into ! grave--9 inf]num--unto my son2 t is1 ,i w die1 s9ce my son is dead4 ,!y fur!r prove x by ! passages 9 ,isaiah & ,ezekiel2 b ! ,hebrews1 to :om ,moses spoke1 c\ld n h read ei!r ,ezekiel or ,isaiah1 :o did n come until sev]al c5turies aft]4 ,x is q useless to dispute ab\t ! private op9ions ( ,moses4 ,! fact is t 9 8 public laws he nev] spoke ( a life to come2 t he limit$ all rew>ds & puni%m5ts to ! "t pres5t4 ,if he knew ( a future life1 :y did he n expressly set =? t dogma8 ,& if he did n "k ( x1 :at 7 ! object & ext5t ( 8 mission8 ,?is "q is ask$ by _m great p]sons4 ,! answ] is1 t ! ,ma/] ( ,moses1 & ( all m51 res]v$ to ,himself ! "r ( exp\nd+ to ! ,jews1 at ,8 own "t1 a doctr9e :i* !y 7 n 9 a condition to und]/& :5 !y 7 9 ! des]t4 ,if ,moses _h ann\nc$ ! immortality ( ! s\l1 a great s*ool among ! ,jews w\ld n h con/antly combat$ x4 ,?is great retreat ( ! ,sadducees w\ld n h be5 au?oriz$ 9 ! ,/ate2 ! ,sadducees w\ld n h fill$ ! highe/ (fices1 nor w\ld pontiffs h be5 *os5 f _! body4 ,x appe>s t x 0 n until aft] ! f\nd+ ( ,alex&ria t ! ,jews 7 divid$ into ?ree sects--! ,ph>isees1 ! ,sadducees1 & ! ,ess5es4 ,! hi/orian ,josephus1 :o 0 a ,ph>isee1 in=ms u 9 ! ?irte5? book ( 8 ,antiquities t ! ,ph>isees believ$ 9 ! metempsy*osis2 ! ,sadducees believ$ t ! s\l p]i%$ ) ! body2 ! ,ess5es1 says ,josephus1 held t s\ls 7 immortal2 accord+ to !m s\ls desc5d$ 9 an a]ial =m into ! body1 f ! highe/ region ( ! air1 :i!r !y 7 c>ri$ back aga9 by a viol5t attraction2 & aft] dea?1 ^? :i* _h belong$ to ! good dwelt beyond ! ocean 9 a c\ntry :]e !re 0 nei!r heat nor cold1 nor w9d1 nor ra94 ,! s\ls ( ! wick$ w5t into a climate ( an opposite description4 ,su* 0 ! !ology ( ! ,jews4 ,he :o alone 0 to in/ruct all m5 came & condemn$ ^! ?ree sects2 b )\t ,him we c\ld nev] h kn[n any?+ ( our s\l2 = ! philosoph]s nev] _h any det]m9ate idea ( x2 & ,moses--! only true lawgiv] 9 ! _w be=e our own--,moses1 :o talk$ ) ,god face to face1 left m5 9 ! mo/ pr(\nd ignorance on ?is great po9t4 ,x is1 !n1 only = sev5te5 hundr$ ye>s t !re has be5 any c]ta9ty ( ! s\l's exi/5ce & its immortality4 ,cic]o _h only d\bts2 8 gr&son & gr&daught] might le>n ! tru? f ! fir/ ,galileans :o came to ,rome4 ,b be=e t "t1 & s9ce !n1 9 all ! re/ ( ! e>? :]e ! apo/les did n p5etrate1 ea* "o mu/ h said to 8 s\l3 ,:at art ?\8 :5ce come/ ?\8 :at do/ ?\8 :i!r goe/ ?\8 ,?\ art ,i "k n :at1 ?9k+ & feel+3 & w]t ?\ to feel & ?9k = a hundr$ ?\s& millions ( ye>s1 ?\ w\ld/ nev] "k any m by ?9e own light )\t ! assi/ance ( ,god4 ,o man6 ,god has giv5 !e und]/&+ = ?y own good conduct1 & n to p5etrate into ! ess5ce ( ! ?+s :i* ,he has creat$4 ,s ?\ght ,locke2 & be=e ,locke1 ,gass5di2 & be=e ,gass5di1 a multitude ( sages2 b we h ba*elors :o "k all ( :i* ^? great m5 7 ignorant4 ,"s cruel enemies ( reason h d>$ to rise up aga9/ ^! tru?s1 ackn[l$g$ by all ! wise4 ,!y h c>ri$ _! di%one/y & impud5ce s f> z to *>ge ! au?ors ( ?is "w ) hav+ affirm$ t ! s\l is matt]4 ,y well "k1 p]secutors ( innoc5ce1 t we h said q ! contr>y4 ,y mu/ h read ^! v words aga9/ ,epicurus1 ,democritus1 & ,lucretius3 ,my fri5d1 h[ does an atom ?9k8 ,ackn[l$ge t ?\ kn[e/ no?+ ( ! matt]4 ,x is !n evid5t1 ye are calumniators4 ,no "o kn[s :at t mat]ial be+ is1 :i* is call$ _s1 to :i*--be x obs]v$--y give ?is mat]ial "n1 signify+ w9d4 ,all ! fir/ fa!rs ( ! ,*ur* believ$ ! s\l to be corporeal4 ,x is impossible = u limit$ be+s to "k :e!r our intellig5ce is sub/ance or faculty3 we _c ?or\ghly "k ei!r ! ext5d$ be+1 or ! ?9k+ be+s1 or ! me*anism ( ?\ght4 ,we exclaim to y1 ) ! ev] to be rev]$ ,gass5di & ,locke1 t we "k no?+ by ourselves ( ! secrets ( ! ,creator4 ,& are y gods1 :o "k ev]y?+8 ,we repeat to y1 t y _c "k ! nature & di/9ction ( ! s\l b by revelation4 ,& is n ?is revelation suffici5t = y8 ,y mu/ surely be enemies ( ?is revelation :i* we claim1 s9ce y p]secute ^? :o expect ev]y?+ f x1 & believe only 9 x4 ,yes1 we tell y1 we def] :olly to ! ^w ( ,god2 & y1 enemies ( reason & ( ,god1 treat ! humble d\bt & humble submission ( ! philosoph] z ! wolf 9 ! fable treat$ ! lamb2 y say to him3 ,y said ill ( me la/ ye>2 ,i mu/ suck y\r blood4 ,philosophy takes no rev5ge2 %e smiles 9 peace at y\r va9 endeavors2 %e mildly enlight5s mank9d1 :om y w\ld brutalize1 to make !m l y\rselves4 ,,space4 ,:at is space8 ,!re is no space 9 void1 exclaim$ ,leibnitz1 aft] hav+ admitt$ a void2 b :5 he admitt$ a void1 he _h n embroil$ himself ) ,newton1 nor disput$ ) him on ! calculus ( fluxions1 ( :i* ,newton 0 ! inv5tor4 ,?is dispute break+ out1 !re 0 no long] space or a void = ,leibnitz4 ,=tunately1 :atev] may be said by philosoph]s on ^! insolvable que/ions1 :e!r x be = ,epicurus1 = ,gass5di1 = ,newton1 = ,desc>tes1 or ,rohaut1 ! laws ( motion w be always ! same4 ,que ,rohaut va9em5t s*e p\r concevoir ,comm5t t\t tant ple91 t\t a pu se m\voir4 --,,boileau1 ,ep4 v1 #ca-cb4 ,t ,rohaut exhau/s himself by va9ly endeavor+ to und]/& h[ motion c exi/ 9 a pl5um w n prev5t our vessels f sail+ to ! ,indies1 & all motion proce$+ ) regul>ity4 ,pure space1 y say1 c nei!r be matt]1 nor _s2 & z !re is no?+ 9 ?is _w b matt] & _s1 !re c !re=e be no space4 ,s1 g5tlem51 y ass]t t !re is only matt] & _s1 to u :o "k s little ei!r ( ! "o or ! o!r--a pleasant decision1 truly6 ,!re are only two ?+s 9 nature1 & ^! we "k n4 ,montezuma reasons m ju/ly 9 ! ,engli% trag$y ( ,dryd53 ,:y come y "h to tell me ( ! emp]or ,*>les ! ,fif?8 ,!re are b two emp]ors 9 ! _w2 he ( ,p]u & myself4 ,montezuma spoke ( two ?+s ) :i* he 0 acqua9t$1 b we speak ( two ?+s ( :i* we h no precise idea4 ,we are v pleasant atoms4 ,we make ,god a _s 9 a mode ( our own2 & because we d5om9ate t faculty _s1 :i* ! supreme1 univ]sal1 et]nal1 & all-p[]ful ,be+ has giv5 u1 ( comb9+ a few ideas 9 our little bra91 ( ! ext5t ( six in*es m or less1 we suppose ,god to be a _s 9 ! same s5se4 ,god always 9 our image--hone/ s\ls6 ,b h[1 if !re be millions ( be+s ( ano!r nature f our matt]1 ( :i* we "k only a few qualities1 & f our _s1 our ideal brea? ( :i* we accurately "k no?+ at all8 & :o c ass]t t ^! millions ( be+s exi/ n2 or suspects n t ,god1 demon/rat$ to exi/ by ,8 works1 is em95tly diff]5t f all ^! be+s1 & t space may n be "o ( !m8 ,we are f> f ass]t+ ) ,lucretius-- ,ergo1 prt] inane et corpora1 t]tia p] se ,nulla pote/ r]um 9 num]o natura ref]ri4 --,,lib41 i1 v4 #ddf1 #ddg4 ,t all consi/s ( body & ( space4--,,cree*4 ,b may we v5ture to believe ) him1 t space is inf9ite8 ,has any "o be5 ev] able to answ] 8 "q3 ,spe$ an arr[ f ! limits ( ! _w--w x fall into no?+1 into nihility8 ,cl>ke1 :o spoke 9 ! "n ( ,newton1 pret5ds t space has prop]ties1 = s9ce x is ext5d$1 x is measurable1 & !re=e exi/s4 ,b if we answ]1 t some?+ may be put :]e !re is no?+1 :at answ] w be made by ,newton & ,cl>ke8 ,newton reg>ds space z ! s5sorium ( ,god4 ,i ?\ght t ,i und]/ood ?is gr& say+ =m]ly1 because ,i 0 "y2 at pres5t1 ,i und]/& x no m ?an 8 explanation ( ! ,apocalypse4 ,space1 ! s5sorium1 ! int]nal organ ( ,god6 ,i lose bo? ,newton & myself !re4 ,newton ?\ght1 accord+ to ,locke1 t ! creation might be expla9$ by suppos+ t ,god1 by an act ( ,8 w & ,8 p[]1 _h r5d]$ space imp5etrable4 ,x is melan*oly t a g5ius s pr(\nd z t possess$ by ,newton %\ld sugge/ su* un9telligible ?+s4 ,,/age 7,,police ,,( ,,!74 ,k+s ( ,france 7 =m]ly excommunicat$2 all f ,philip ,i4 to ,l\is ,,viii4 7 solemnly s2 z also ! emp]ors f ,h5ry ,,iv4 to ,l\is ( ,bav>ia inclusively4 ,! k+s ( ,engl& _h likewise a v dec5t "p ( ^! favors f ! c\rt ( ,rome4 ,x 0 ! rage ( ! times1 & ?is rage co/ six or sev5 hundr$ ?\s& m5 _! lives4 ,!y actually excommunicat$ ! repres5tatives ( mon>*s2 ,i d n mean ambassadors1 b play]s1 :o are k+s & emp]ors ?ree or f\r times a week1 & :o gov]n ! univ]se to procure a livelihood4 ,i sc>cely "k ( any b ?is pr(ession1 & t ( magicians1 to :i* ?is honor c\ld n[ be paid2 b z sorc]]s h ceas$ = ! eighty ye>s t s\nd philosophy has be5 kn[n to m51 !re are no long] any victims b ,alex&]1 ,cs>1 ,a?alie1 ,polyeucte1 ,&roma*e1 ,brutus1 ,zare1 & ,h>lequ94 ,! pr9cipal reason giv5 is1 t ^! g5tlem5 & ladies repres5t ! passions2 b if depict+ ! human he>t m]its s horrible a disgrace1 a great] rigor %\ld be us$ ) pa9t]s & sculptors4 ,!re are _m lic5ti\s pictures :i* are publicly sold1 :ile we d n repres5t a s+le dramatic poem :i* ma9ta9s n ! /ricte/ decorum4 ,! ,v5us ( ,titian & t ( ,correggio are q nak$1 & are at all times dang]\s = our mode/ y\?2 b com$ians only recite ! admirable l9es ( ,c9na = ab\t two h\rs1 & ) ! approbation ( ! magi/racy "u ! royal au?ority4 ,:y1 !re=e1 are ^! liv+ p]sonages on ! /age m condemn$ ?an ^! mute com$ians on canvas8 ,ut pictura poesis erit4 ,:at w\ld ,sophocles & ,euripides h said1 if !y c\ld h =ese5 t a p1 :o only ceas$ to be b>b>\s by imitat+ !m1 w\ld "o day inflict ?is disgrace ^u ! /age1 :i* 9 _! "t receiv$ su* high glory8 ,esopus & ,roscius 7 n ,roman s5ators1 x is true2 b ! ,flam5 did n decl>e !m infam\s2 & ! art ( ,t]5ce 0 n d\bt$4 ,! great pope & pr9ce1 ,leo ,x41 to :om we owe ! r5ewal ( good trag$y & com$y 9 ,europe1 & :o caus$ dramatic pieces to be repres5t$ 9 8 palace ) s mu* magnific5ce1 =esaw n t "o day1 9 a "p ( ,gaul1 ! desc5dants ( ! ,celts & ! ,go?s w\ld believe !y _h a "r to disgrace t :i* he honor$4 ,if ,c>d9al ,ri*elieu _h liv$--he :o caus$ ! ,palais ,royal to be built1 & to :om ,france owes ! /age--he w\ld no long] h suff]$ !m to h d>$ to cov] ) ignom9y ^? :om he employ$ to recite 8 own works4 ,x mu/ be confess$ t !y 7 h]etics :o began to outrage ! f9e/ ( all ! arts4 ,leo ,x41 hav+ reviv$ ! tragic sc5e1 ! pret5d$ re=m]s requir$ no?+ m to conv9ce !m t x 0 ! "w ( ,satan4 ,?us ! t[n ( ,g5eva1 & sev]al illu/ri\s places ( ,switz]l&1 h be5 a hundr$ & fifty ye>s )\t suff]+ a viol9 among/ !m4 ,! ,jans5i/s1 :o n[ dance on ! tomb ( ,/4 ,p>is1 to ! great edification ( ! neighborhood1 9 ! la/ c5tury =bade a pr9cess ( ,conti1 :om !y gov]n$1 to all[ h] son to le>n danc+1 say+ t danc+ 0 too pr(ane4 ,h[ev]1 z x 0 necess>y he %\ld be graceful1 he 0 taught ! m9uet1 b !y w\ld n all[ a viol91 & ! director 0 a long "t be=e he w\ld suff] ! pr9ce ( ,conti to be taught ) ca/anets4 ,a few ,ca?olic ,visigo?s on ?is side ! ,alps1 !re=e1 fe>+ ! reproa*es ( ! re=m]s1 cri$ z l\dly z !y did4 ,?us1 by degrees1 ! fa%ion ( defam+ ,cs> & ,pompey1 & ( refus+ c]ta9 c]emonies to c]ta9 p]sons paid by ! k+1 & labor+ "u ! eyes ( ! magi/racy1 0 e/abli%$ 9 ,france4 ,we d n declaim aga9/ ?is abuse2 = :o w\ld embroil himself ) p[]ful m5 ( ! pres5t "t1 = h$ra & h]oes ( pa/ ages8 ,we are cont5t ) f9d+ ?is rigor absurd1 & ) always pay+ our full tribute ( admiration to ! ma/]pieces ( our /age4 ,rome1 f :om we h le>n$ our cate*ism1 does n use x z we d2 %e has always kn[n h[ to temp] h] laws accord+ to times & occasions2 %e has kn[n h[ to di/+ui% impud5t m\ntebanks1 :o 7 =m]ly rightly c5sur$1 f ! dramatic pieces ( ,triss91 & ( sev]al bi%ops & c>d9als :o h assi/$ to revive trag$y4 ,ev5 at pres5t1 com$ies are publicly repres5t$ at ,rome 9 religi\s h\ses4 ,ladies g to !m )\t sc&al2 !y ?9k n t dialogues1 recit$ on bo>ds1 are a diabolical infamy4 ,we h ev5 se5 ! piece ( ,george ,d&9 execut$ at ,rome by nuns1 9 ! pres5ce ( a cr[d ( ecclesia/ics & ladies4 ,! wise ,romans are above all c>eful h[ !y excommunicate ! g5tlem5 :o s+ ! trebles 9 ! ,italian op]as2 =1 9 tru?1 x is en\gh to be ca/rat$ 9 ?is _w1 )\t be+ damn$ 9 ! o!r4 ,9 ! good "t ( ,l\is ,,xiv41 !re 0 always a b5* at ! spectacles1 :i* 0 call$ ! b5* ( bi%ops4 ,i h be5 a witness1 t 9 ! m9ority ( ,l\is ,,xv41 ,c>d9al ,fleury1 !n bi%op ( ,frjus1 0 v anxi\s to revive ?is cu/om4 ,) o!r times & o!r mann]s1 we are app>5tly mu* wis] ?an 9 ! times 9 :i* ! :ole ( ,europe came to admire our %[s1 :5 ,ri*elieu reviv$ ! /age 9 ,france1 :5 ,leo ,x4 r5ew$ ! age ( ,augu/us 9 ,italy3 b a "t w come 9 :i* our *ildr51 see+ ! imp]t95t "w ( ,fa!r ,le ,brun aga9/ ! art ( ,sophocles1 & ! works ( our great m5 pr9t$ at ! same "t1 w exclaim3 ,is x possible t ! ,fr5* c\ld ?us contradict !mselves1 & t ! mo/ absurd b>b>ity has s pr\dly rais$ its head aga9/ "s ( ! f9e/ productions ( ! human m9d8 ,/4 ,?omas ( ,aqu9as1 ^: morals 7 equal to ^? ( ,calv9 & ,fa!r ,quesnel--,/4 ,?omas1 :o _h nev] se5 good com$y1 & :o knew only mis]able play]s1 ?9ks h[ev] t ! !atre might be useful4 ,he _h suffici5t good s5se & ju/ice to feel ! m]it ( ?is art1 unf9i%$ z x 01 & p]mitt$ & approv$ ( x4 ,/4 ,*>les ,borromeo p]sonally exam9$ ! pieces :i* 7 play$ at ,milan1 & gave !m 8 approbation & signature4 ,:o aft] t w be ,visigo?s en\gh to treat ,rod]igo & ,*im5e z s\l-corrupt]s8 ,w\ld to ,god t ^! b>b>ians1 ! enemies ( ! f9e/ ( arts1 _h ! piety ( ,polyeucte1 ! clem5cy ( ,augu/us1 ! virtue ( ,burrhus1 & w\ld die l ! husb& ( ,al-zira6 ,,/ates--,,gov]nm5ts4 ,:i* is ! be/8 ,i h n hi!rto kn[n any p]son :o has n gov]n$ "s /ate4 ,i speak n ( messieurs ! m9i/]s1 :o really gov]n2 "s two or ?ree ye>s1 o!rs six mon?s1 & o!rs six weeks2 ,i speak ( all o!r m51 :o1 at supp] or 9 _! closet1 unfold _! sy/ems ( gov]nm5t1 & re=m armies1 ! ,*ur*1 ! g[n1 & f9ances4 ,! ,abb de ,b\rzeis began to gov]n ,france t[>ds ! ye> #afde1 "u ! "n ( ,c>d9al ,ri*elieu1 & made ! ,political ,te/am5t1 9 :i* he w\ld enli/ ! nobility into ! cavalry = ?ree ye>s1 make *amb]s ( acc\nts & p>liam5ts pay ! poll-tax1 & deprive ! k+ ( ! produce ( ! excise4 ,he ass]ts1 above all1 t to ent] a c\ntry ) fifty ?\s& m51 x is ess5tial to economy t a hundr$ ?\s& %\ld be rais$4 ,he affirms t ,prov5ce alone has m f9e seaports ?an ,spa9 & ,italy toge!r4 ,! ,abb de ,b\rzeis _h n travell$4 ,z to ! re/1 8 "w ab\nds ) ana*ronisms & errors2 & z he makes ,c>d9al ,ri*elieu sign 9 a mann] 9 :i* he nev] sign$1 s he makes him speak z he _h nev] spok54 ,moreov]1 he fills a :ole *apt] ) say+ t reason %\ld guide a /ate1 & 9 endeavor+ to prove ?is discov]y4 ,?is "w ( obscurities1 ?is ba/>d ( ! ,abb de ,b\rzeis1 has long pass$ = ! legitimate (fspr+ ( ! ,c>d9al ,ri*elieu2 & all academicians1 9 _! spee*es ( reception1 fail n to praise extravagantly ?is political ma/]piece4 ,! ,sieur ,gati5 de ,c\rtilz1 see+ ! success ( ! ,te/am5t ,politique ( ,ri*elieu1 publi%$ at ,! ,hague ! ,te/am5t de ,colb]t ) a f9e lett] ( ,m4 ,colb]t to ! k+4 ,x is cle> t if ?is m9i/] made su* a te/am5t1 x mu/ h be5 suppress$2 yet ?is book has be5 quot$ by sev]al au?ors4 ,ano!r ignoramus1 ( ^: "n we are ignorant1 fail$ n to produce ! ,te/am5t de ,l\is /ill worse1 if possible1 ?an t ( ,colb]t4 ,an abb ( ,*evremont also made ,*>les1 duke ( ,lorra9e1 =m a te/am5t4 ,we h _h ! political te/am5ts ( ,c>d9al ,alb]oni1 ,m>%al ,belle-,isle1 & f9ally t ( ,m&r94 ,m4 de ,boisguilleb]t1 au?or ( ! ,dtail de la ,france publi%$ 9 #afie1 produc$ ! impracticable project ( ! royal ti!1 "u ! "n ( ! m>%al de ,vauban4 ,a madman1 nam$ ,la ,jon*]e1 want+ bread1 wrote1 9 #agbj1 a ,project ( ,f9ance1 9 f\r volumes2 & "s fools h quot$ ?is production z a "w ( ,la ,jon*]e1 ! treasur]-g5]al1 imag9+ t a treasur] c\ld n write a bad book on f9ance4 ,b x mu/ be confess$ t v wise m51 p]haps v wor?y to gov]n1 h writt5 on ! adm9i/ration ( /ates 9 ,france1 ,spa91 & ,engl&4 ,_! books h done mu* good2 n t !y h correct$ m9i/]s :o 7 9 place :5 ^! books appe>$1 = a m9i/] does n & _c correct himself4 ,he has atta9$ 8 gr[?1 & m in/ruction1 m c\nsel1 he has n "t to li/5 to4 ,! curr5t ( affairs c>ries him away2 b good books =m1 "y p1 de/9$ = _! places2 & pr9ces & /atesm5 ( a succe$+ g5]ation are in/ruct$4 ,! /r5g? & weakness ( all gov]nm5ts has be5 n>r[ly exam9$ 9 latt] times4 ,tell me1 !n1 y :o h travell$1 :o h read & h se51 9 :at /ate1 "u :at sort ( gov]nm5t1 w\ld y be born8 ,i conceive t a great l&$ "l 9 ,france w\ld h no objection to be born 9 ,g]many3 he w\ld be a sov]eign in/ead ( a subject4 ,a pe] ( ,france w\ld be v glad to h ! privileges ( ! ,engli% pe]age3 he w\ld be a legislator4 ,! g[nsman & f9anci] w\ld f9d himself bett] (f 9 ,france ?an else:]e4 ,b :at c\ntry w\ld a wise freeman *oose--a man ( small =tune1 )\t prejudices8 ,a r le>n$ memb] ( ! c\ncil ( ,pondi*]ry came into ,europe1 by l&1 ) a brahm91 m le>n$ ?an ! g5]ality ( !m4 ,h[ d y f9d ! gov]nm5t ( ! ,great ,mogul8 said ! c\nsellor4 ,abom9able1 answ]$ ! brahm92 h[ c y expect a /ate to be happily gov]n$ by ,t>t>s8 ,our rajahs1 our omras1 & our nabobs are v cont5t$1 b ! citiz5s are by no means s2 & millions ( citiz5s are some?+4 ,! c\nsellor & ! brahm9 trav]s$ all ,upp] ,asia1 reason+ on _! way4 ,i reflect1 said ! brahm91 t !re is n a republic 9 all ?is va/ "p ( ! _w4 ,!re 0 =m]ly t ( ,tyre1 said ! c\nsellor1 b x la/$ n long2 !re 0 ano!r t[>ds ,arabia ,petra1 9 a little nook call$ ,pale/9e--if we c honor ) ! "n ( republic a horde ( ?ieves & usur]s1 sometimes gov]n$ by judges1 sometimes by a sort ( k+s1 sometimes by high prie/s2 :o became slaves sev5 or eight times1 & 7 f9ally driv5 f ! c\ntry :i* !y _h usurp$4 ,i fancy1 said ! brahm91 t we %\ld f9d v few republics on e>?4 ,m5 are seldom wor?y to gov]n !mselves4 ,?is happ9ess %\ld only belong to little p1 :o conceal !mselves 9 isl&s1 or betwe5 m\nta9s1 l rabbits :o /eal away f c>nivor\s animals1 b at l5g? are discov]$ & dev\r$4 ,:5 ! travell]s arriv$ 9 ,asia ,m9or1 ! c\nsellor said to ! brahm91 ,w\ld y believe t !re 0 a republic =m$ 9 a corn] ( ,italy1 :i* la/$ m ?an five hundr$ ye>s1 & :i* possess$ ?is ,asia ,m9or1 ,asia1 ,africa1 ,greece1 ! ,gauls1 ,spa91 & ! :ole ( ,italy8 ,x 0 !re=e soon turn$ into a mon>*y8 said ! brahm94 ,y h guess$ x1 said ! o!r2 b ?is mon>*y has fall51 & e day we make f9e diss]tations to discov] ! causes ( its decay & fall4 ,y take mu* useless pa9s1 said ! ,indian3 ?is empire has fall5 because x exi/$4 ,all mu/ fall4 ,i hope t ! same w happ5 to ! empire ( ! ,great ,mogul4 ,apropos1 said ! ,european1 d y believe t m honor is requir$ 9 a despotic /ate1 & m virtue 9 a republic8 ,! t]m honor be+ fir/ expla9$ to ! ,indian1 he repli$1 t honor 0 m necess>y 9 a republic1 & t !re is m ne$ ( virtue 9 a mon>*ical /ate4 ,=1 said he1 a man :o pret5ds to be elect$ by ! p1 w n be s1 if he is di%onor$2 :ile at c\rt he c easily obta9 a place1 accord+ to ! maxim ( a great pr9ce1 t to succe$1 a c\rti] %\ld h nei!r honor nor a w ( 8 own4 ,) respect to virtue1 x is prodigi\sly requir$ 9 a c\rt1 9 ord] to d>e to tell ! tru?4 ,! virtu\s man is mu* m at 8 ease 9 a republic1 hav+ nobody to flatt]4 ,d y believe1 said ! ,european1 t laws & religions c be =m$ = climates1 ! same z furs are requir$ at ,mosc[1 & gauze /uffs at ,delhi8 ,yes1 d\btless1 said ! brahm92 all laws :i* conc]n physics are calculat$ = ! m]idian :i* we inhabit2 a ,g]man requires only "o wife1 & a ,p]sian mu/ h two or ?ree4 ,rites ( religion are ( ! same nature4 ,if ,i 7 a ,*ri/ian1 h[ w\ld y h me say mass 9 my prov9ce1 :]e !re is nei!r bread nor w9e8 ,) reg>d to dogmas1 x is ano!r ?+2 climate has no?+ to d ) !m4 ,did n y\r religion comm5ce 9 ,asia1 f :5ce x 0 driv58 does x n exi/ t[>ds ! ,baltic ,sea1 :]e x 0 unkn[n8 ,9 :at /ate1 "u :at dom9ion1 w\ld y l to live8 said ! c\nsellor4 ,"u any b my own1 said 8 companion1 & ,i h f\nd _m ,siamese1 ,tonqu9ese1 ,p]sians1 & ,turks :o h said ! same4 ,b1 once m1 said ! ,european1 :at /ate w\ld y *oose8 ,! brahm9 answ]$1 ,t 9 :i* ! laws alone are obey$4 ,t is an odd answ]1 said ! c\nsellor4 ,x is n ! worse = t1 said ! brahm94 ,:]e is ?is c\ntry8 said ! c\nsellor4 ,! brahm93 ,we mu/ seek x4 ,,/ates-,,g5]al4 ,!re h be5 always su* 9 ,europe1 & probably 9 all ! e>?1 s natural is x to assemble ! family1 to "k its int]e/s1 & to provide = its wants6 ,! ,t>t>s _h _! c\r-ilt4 ,! ,g]mans1 accord+ to ,tacitus1 assembl$ to consult4 ,! ,saxons & p ( ! ,nor? _h _! wit5agemot4 ,! p at l>ge =m$ /ates-g5]al 9 ! ,greek & ,roman republics4 ,we see none among ! ,egyptians1 ,p]sians1 or ,*9ese1 because we h b v imp]fect fragm5ts ( _! hi/ories3 we sc>cely "k any?+ ( !m until s9ce ! "t 9 :i* _! k+s 7 absolute1 or at lea/ s9ce ! "t 9 :i* !y _h only prie/s to balance _! au?ority4 ,:5 ! comitia 7 aboli%$ at ,rome1 ! ,prtorian gu>ds took _! place3 insol5t1 gre$y1 b>b>\s1 & idle soldi]s 7 ! republic4 ,septimius ,sev]us conqu]$ & disb&$ !m4 ,! /ates-g5]al ( ! ,ottoman ,empire are ! janiss>ies & cavalry2 9 ,algi]s & ,tunis1 x is ! militia4 ,! greate/ & mo/ s+ul> example ( ^! /ates-g5]al is ! ,diet ( ,ratisbon1 :i* has la/$ a hundr$ ye>s1 :]e ! repres5tatives ( ! empire1 ! m9i/]s ( electors1 pr9ces1 c\nts1 prelates & imp]ial cities1 to ! numb] ( ?irty-sev51 cont9ually sit4 ,! second /ates-g5]al ( ,europe are ^? ( ,great ,brita94 ,!y are n always assembl$1 l ! ,diet ( ,ratisbon2 b !y are become s necess>y t ! k+ convokes !m e ye>4 ,! ,h\se ( ,commons answ]s precisely to ! deputies ( cities receiv$ 9 ! diet ( ! empire2 b x is mu* l>g] 9 numb]1 & enjoys a sup]ior p[]4 ,x is prop]ly ! nation4 ,pe]s & bi%ops are 9 p>liam5t only = !mselves1 & ! ,h\se ( ,commons = all ! c\ntry4 ,?is p>liam5t ( ,engl& is only a p]fect$ imitation ( c]ta9 /ates-g5]al ( ,france4 ,9 #acee1 "u ,k+ ,john1 ! ?ree /ates 7 assembl$ at ,p>is1 to aid him aga9/ ! ,engli%4 ,!y grant$ him a consid]able sum1 at five livres five s\s ! m>k1 = fe> ! k+ %\ld *ange ! num]>y value4 ,!y regulat$ ! tax necess>y to ga!r 9 ?is money1 & !y e/abli%$ n9e commission]s to preside at ! receipt4 ,! k+ promis$ = himself & 8 successors1 n to make any *ange 9 ! co9 9 future4 ,:at is promis+ = himself & 8 heirs8 ,ei!r x is promis+ no?+1 or x is say+3 ,nei!r myself nor my heirs h ! "r ( alt]+ ! money2 we h n ! p[] ( do+ ill4 ,) ?is money1 :i* 0 soon rais$1 an army 0 quickly =m$1 :i* prev5t$ n ,k+ ,john f be+ made prison] at ! battle ( ,poiti]s4 ,acc\nt %\ld be r5d]$ at ! end ( ! ye>1 ( ! employm5t ( ! grant$ sum4 ,?is is n[ ! cu/om 9 ,engl&1 ) ! ,h\se ( ,commons4 ,! ,engli% nation has pres]v$ all t ! ,fr5* nation has lo/4 ,! /ates-g5]al ( ,sw$5 h a cu/om /ill m honorable to humanity1 :i* is n f\nd among any o!r p4 ,!y admit into _! assemblies two hundr$ peasants1 :o =m a body sep>at$ f ! ?ree o!rs1 & :o ma9ta9 ! lib]ty ( ^? :o labor = ! subsi/5ce ( man4 ,! /ates-g5]al ( ,d5m>k took q a contr>y resolution 9 #affj2 !y depriv$ !mselves ( all _! rights1 9 favor ( ! k+4 ,!y gave him an absolute & unlimit$ p[]2 b :at is m /range is1 t !y h n hi!rto rep5t$ x4 ,! /ates-g5]al 9 ,france h n be5 assembl$ s9ce #afac1 & ! cortes ( ,spa9 la/$ a hundr$ ye>s aft]4 ,! latt] 7 assembl$ 9 #agab1 to confirm ! r5unciation ( ,philip ,v41 ( ! cr[n ( ,france4 ,^! /ates-g5]al h n be5 convok$ s9ce t "t4