,a ,,philosophical ,,diction>y ,,volume ,,ii ,by ,,voltaire ,,edition ,,de ,,la ,,pacification ,,! ,,works ,,( ,,voltaire ,a ,,contempor>y ,,v]sion ,) ,notes by ,tobias ,smollett1 ,revis$ & ,mod]niz$ ,new ,translations by ,william ,f4 ,flem+1 & an ,introduction by ,oliv] ,h4,g4 ,leigh ,a ,,critique ,,& ,,biography ,,by ,,! ,,rt4 ,,hon4 ,,john ,,morley ,,=ty-,,?ree ,,volumes ,"o hundr$ & sixty-eight designs1 compris+ reproductions ( r>e old engrav+s1 /eel plates1 photogravures1 & curi\s fac-similes ,,volume ,,vi ,e4,r4 ,du,m,o,n,t ,,p>is--,,london--,,new ,,york--,,*icago #aija ,,! ,,works ( ,,voltaire ,betwe5 two s]vants ( ,humanity1 :o appe>$ eighte5 hundr$ ye>s ap>t1 !re is a my/]i\s relation4 99 99 99 99 ,let u say x ) a s5tim5t ( pr(\nd respect3 ,,jesus ,,wept3 ,,voltaire ,,smil$4 ,( t div9e te> & ( t human smile is compos$ ! sweetness ( ! pres5t civilization4 ,,victor ,,hugo4 ,,li/ ,,( ,,plates--,,vol4 ,,ii ,,! ,,ba/ille--,frontispiece ,,an ,,a/rolog] ,a ,,type ,,( ,,beauty ,,alex&]',s ,,triumph ,illu/ration3 ,! ,ba/ille4--,= f\r hundr$ ye>s ! symbol ( oppression4 ,)9 its walls ! noble/ _h p]i%$4 ,x 0 a p]petual ?reat1 x 0 ! la/ & (t5 ! fir/ argum5t ( k+ & prie/4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,voltaire ,a ,,philosophical ,,diction>y ,,9 ,,t5 ,,volumes ,,vol ,,ii4 ,,appe>ance--,,cal5ds 99 99 99 99 99 ,,appe>ance4 ,are all appe>ances deceitful8 ,h our s5ses be5 giv5 u only to keep u 9 cont9ual delusion8 ,is ev]y?+ error8 ,d we live 9 a dream1 surr\nd$ by %ad[y *im]as8 ,we see ! sun sett+ :5 he is already bel[ ! horizon2 be=e he has yet ris5 we see him appe>4 ,a squ>e t[] seems to be r\nd4 ,a /raight /ick1 ?ru/ into ! wat]1 seems to be b5t4 ,y see y\r face 9 a mirror & ! image appe>s to be beh9d ! glass3 x is1 h[ev]1 nei!r beh9d nor be=e x4 ,?is glass1 :i* to ! sight & ! t\* is s smoo? & ev51 is no o!r ?an an unequal congregation ( projections & cavities4 ,! f9e/ & faire/ sk9 is a k9d ( bri/l$ network1 ! op5+s ( :i* are incomp>ably l>g] ?an ! ?reads1 & enclose an inf9ite numb] ( m9ute hairs4 ,"u ?is network !re are liquors incessantly pass+1 & f x !re issue cont9ual exhalations :i* cov] ! :ole surface4 ,:at we call l>ge is to an elephant v small1 & :at we call small is to insects a _w4 ,! same motion :i* w\ld be rapid to a snail w\ld be v sl[ 9 ! eye ( an eagle4 ,?is rock1 :i* is imp5etrable by /eel1 is a sieve consi/+ ( m pores ?an matt]1 & conta9+ a ?\s& av5ues ( prodigi\s wid? lead+ to its c5tre1 9 :i* are lodg$ multitudes ( animals1 :i* may1 = aught we "k1 ?9k !mselves ! ma/]s ( ! univ]se4 ,no?+ is ei!r z x appe>s to be1 or 9 ! place :]e we believe x to be4 ,sev]al philosoph]s1 tir$ ( be+ con/antly deceiv$ by bodies1 h 9 _! sple5 pron\nc$ t bodies d n exi/1 & t !re is no?+ real b our m9ds4 ,z well might !y h conclud$ t1 all appe>ances be+ false1 & ! nature ( ! s\l be+ z little kn[n z t ( ! matt]1 !re is no reality 9 ei!r body or s\l4 ,p]haps x is ?is despair ( kn[+ any?+ :i* has caus$ "s ,*9ese philosoph]s to say t no?+ is ! beg9n+ & ! end ( all ?+s4 ,?is philosophy1 s de/ructive to be+1 0 well kn[n 9 ,molire's "t4 ,doctor ,macphurius repres5ts ! s*ool2 :5 tea*+ ,sgan>elle1 he says1 ,y mu/ n say1 ',i am come1' b 'x seems to me t ,i am come'2 = x may seem to y1 )\t su* be+ really ! case4 ,b at ! pres5t day a comic sc5e is n an argum5t1 ?\gh x is sometimes bett] ?an an argum5t2 & !re is (t5 z mu* pleasure 9 seek+ aft] tru? z 9 laugh+ at philosophy4 ,y d n see ! network1 ! cavities1 ! ?reads1 ! inequalities1 ! exhalations ( t :ite & delicate sk9 :i* y idolize4 ,animals a ?\s& times less ?an a mite disc]n all ^! objects :i* escape y\r vision2 !y lodge1 fe$1 & travel ab\t 9 !m1 z 9 an ext5sive c\ntry1 & ^? on ! "r arm are p]fectly ignorant t !re are creatures ( _! own species on ! left4 ,if y 7 s un=tunate z to see :at !y see1 y\r *>m+ sk9 w\ld /rike y ) horror4 ,! h>mony ( a conc]t1 to :i* y li/5 ) delight1 mu/ h on c]ta9 classes ( m9ute animals ! effect ( t]rible ?und]2 & p]haps x kills !m4 ,we see1 t\*1 he>1 feel ?+s only 9 ! way 9 :i* !y ought to be se51 t\*$1 he>d1 or felt by ourselves4 ,all is 9 due proportion4 ,! laws ( optics1 :i* %[ y an object 9 ! wat] :]e x is n1 & break a "r l9e1 are 9 entire accordance ) ^? :i* make ! sun appe> to y ) a diamet] ( two feet1 al?\gh x is a million times l>g] ?an ! e>?4 ,to see x 9 its true dim5sions w\ld require an eye collect+ 8 rays at an angle z great z 8 disk1 :i* is impossible4 ,our s5ses1 !n1 assi/ mu* m ?an !y deceive u4 ,motion1 "t1 h>dness1 s(tness1 dim5sions1 di/ance1 approximation1 /r5g?1 weakness1 appe>ances1 ( :atev] k9d1 all is relative4 ,& :o has creat$ ^! relations8 ,,apropos4 ,all great successes1 ( :atev] k9d1 are f\nd$ ^u ?+s done or said apropos4 ,arnold ( ,brescia1 ,john ,huss1 & ,j]ome ( ,prague did n come q apropos2 ! p 7 n !n suffici5tly enlight5$2 ! inv5tion ( pr9t+ _h n !n laid ! abuses compla9$ ( be=e ! eyes ( e "o4 ,b :5 m5 began to read--:5 ! populace1 :o 7 solicit\s to escape purgatory1 b at ! same "t wi%$ n to pay too de> = indulg5ces1 began to op5 _! eyes1 ! re=m]s ( ! sixte5? c5tury came q apropos1 & succe$$4 ,x has be5 else:]e obs]v$ t ,cromwell "u ,elizabe? or ,*>les ! ,second1 or ,c>d9al de ,retz :5 ,l\is ,,xiv4 gov]n$ by himself1 w\ld h be5 v ord9>y p]sons4 ,_h ,cs> be5 born 9 ! "t ( ,scipio ,africanus he w\ld n h subjugat$ ! ,roman commonweal?2 nor w\ld ,mahomet1 c\ld he rise aga9 at ! pres5t day1 be m ?an %]iff ( ,mecca4 ,b if ,ar*im$es & ,virgil 7 re/or$1 "o w\ld /ill be ! be/ ma!matician1 ! o!r ! be/ poet ( 8 c\ntry4 ,,arabs2 ,,&1 ,,occasionally1 ,,on ,,! ,,book ,,( ,,job4 ,if any "o be desir\s ( obta9+ a ?or\gh k ( ! antiquities ( ,arabia1 x may be presum$ t he w ga9 no m in=mation ?an ab\t ^? ( ,auv]gne & ,poit\4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 c]ta91 t ! ,arabs 7 ( "s consequ5ce long be=e ,mahomet4 ,! ,jews !mselves say t ,moses m>ri$ an ,arabian woman1 & 8 fa!r-9-law ,je?ro seems to h be5 a man ( great good s5se4 ,mecca is consid]$1 & n )\t reason1 z "o ( ! mo/ anci5t cities 9 ! _w4 ,x is1 inde$1 a pro( ( its antiquity t no?+ b sup]/ition c\ld occasion ! build+ ( a t[n on su* a spot1 = x is 9 a s&y des]t1 :]e ! wat] is bracki%1 s t ! p die ( hung] & ?ir/4 ,! c\ntry a few miles to ! ea/ is ! mo/ delightful ^u e>?1 ! be/ wat]$ & ! mo/ f]tile4 ,!re ! ,arabs %\ld h built1 & n at ,mecca4 ,b x 0 en\gh = "s *>latan1 "s false prophet1 to give out 8 rev]ies1 to make ( ,mecca a sacr$ spot & ! resort ( neighbor+ nations4 ,?us x 0 t ! temple ( ,jupit] ,ammon 0 built 9 ! mid/ ( s&s4 ,arabia ext5ds f nor!a/ to s\?we/1 f ! des]t ( ,j]usalem to ,ad5 or ,ed51 ab\t ! fiftie? degree ( nor? latitude4 ,x is an imm5se c\ntry1 ab\t ?ree times z l>ge z ,g]many4 ,x is v likely t its des]ts ( s& 7 br\ght ?i!r by ! wat]s ( ! ocean1 & t its m>9e gulfs 7 once f]tile l&s4 ,! belief 9 ?is nation's antiquity is favor$ by ! circum/ance t no hi/orian speaks ( its hav+ be5 subjugat$4 ,x 0 n subdu$ ev5 by ,alex&]1 nor by any k+ ( ,syria1 nor by ! ,romans4 ,! ,arabs1 on ! contr>y1 subjugat$ a hundr$ nations1 f ! ,indus to ! ,g>onne2 &1 hav+ aft]w>ds lo/ _! conque/s1 !y retir$ into _! own c\ntry & did n mix ) any o!r p4 ,hav+ nev] be5 subject to nor mix$ ) o!r nations x is m ?an probable t !y h pres]v$ _! mann]s & _! language4 ,inde$1 ,arabic is1 9 "s s5se1 ! "m tongue ( all ,asia z f> z ! ,indus2 or r1 ! prevail+ tongue1 = "m tongues h nev] exi/$4 ,_! g5ius has nev] *ang$4 ,!y /ill compose _! ,nights' ,ent]ta9m5ts1 z !y did :5 !y imag9$ "o ,bac or ,bac*us1 :o pass$ ?r\gh ! ,r$ ,sea ) ?ree millions ( m51 wom51 & *ildr52 :o /opp$ ! sun & moon1 & made /reams ( w9e issue =? ) a bl[ ( 8 rod1 :i*1 :5 he *ose1 he *ang$ into a s]p5t4 ,a nation s isolat$1 & ^: blood rema9s unmix$1 _c *ange its "*4 ,! ,arabs ( ! des]t h always be5 giv5 to robb]y1 & ^? inhabit+ ! t[ns be5 fond ( fables1 poetry1 & a/ronomy4 ,x is said1 9 ! hi/orical preface to ! ,koran1 t :5 any "o ( _! tribes _h a good poet ! o!r tribes nev] fail$ to s5d deputies to t "o on :i* ,god _h v\*saf$ to be/[ s great a gift4 ,! tribes assembl$ e ye>1 by repres5tatives1 9 an op5 place nam$ ,ocad1 :]e v]ses 7 recit$1 ne>ly 9 ! same way z is n[ done at ,rome 9 ! g>d5 ( ! academy ( ! ,arcadii1 & ?is cu/om cont9u$ until ! "t ( ,mahomet4 ,9 8 "t1 ea* "o po/$ 8 v]ses on ! door ( ! temple ( ,mecca4 ,labid1 son ( ,rabia1 0 reg>d$ z ! ,hom] ( ,mecca2 b1 hav+ se5 ! second *apt] ( ! ,koran1 :i* ,mahomet _h po/$1 he fell on 8 knees be=e him1 & said1 ,o ,mahomet1 son ( ,abdallah1 son ( ,motalib1 son ( ,a*em1 ?\ art a great] poet ?an ,i--?\ art d\btless ! prophet ( ,god4 ,! ,arabs ( ,mad51 ,nad1 & ,sanaa 7 no less g5]\s ?an ^? ( ! des]t 7 addict$ to plund]4 ,among !m1 "o fri5d 0 di%onor$ if he _h refus$ 8 assi/ance to ano!r4 ,9 _! collection ( v]ses1 entitl$ ,tograid1 x is relat$ t1 "o day1 9 ! temple ( ,mecca1 ?ree ,arabs 7 disput+ on g5]osity & fri5d%ip1 & c\ld n agree z to :i*1 among ^? :o !n set ! greate/ examples ( ^! virtues1 des]v$ ! pref]5ce4 ,"s 7 = ,abdallah1 son ( ,giaf>1 uncle to ,mahomet2 o!rs = ,kais1 son ( ,saad2 & o!rs = ,arabad1 ( ! tribe ( ,z4 ,aft] a long dispute !y agre$ to s5d a fri5d ( ,abdallah to him1 a fri5d ( ,kais to ,kais1 & a fri5d ( ,arabad to ,arabad1 to try !m all ?ree1 & to come & make _! report to ! assembly4 ,!n ! fri5d ( ,abdallah w5t & said to him1 ',son ( ! uncle ( ,mahomet1 ,i am on a j\rney & am de/itute ( ev]y?+4' ,abdallah 0 m\nt$ on 8 camel load$ ) gold & silk2 he dism\nt$ ) all spe$1 gave him 8 camel1 & return$ home on foot4 ,! second w5t & made application to 8 fri5d ,kais1 son ( ,saad4 ,kais 0 /ill asleep1 & "o ( 8 dome/ics ask$ ! travell] :at he want$4 ,! travell] answ]$ t he 0 ! fri5d ( ,kais1 & ne$$ 8 assi/ance4 ,! dome/ic said to him1 ',i w n wake my ma/]2 b "h are sev5 ?\s& pieces ( gold1 :i* are all t we at pres5t h 9 ! h\se4 ,take also a camel f ! /able1 & a slave2 ^! w1 ,i ?9k1 be suffici5t = y until y rea* y\r own h\se4' ,:5 ,kais awoke1 he *id ! dome/ic = n hav+ giv5 m4 ,! ?ird repair$ to 8 fri5d ,arabad1 ( ! tribe ( ,z4 ,arabad 0 bl9d1 & 0 com+ out ( 8 h\se1 lean+ on two slaves1 to pray to ,god 9 ! temple ( ,mecca4 ,z soon z he he>d 8 fri5d's voice1 he said to him1 ',i possess no?+ b my two slaves2 ,i beg t y w take & sell !m2 ,i w g to ! temple z well z ,i c1 ) my /ick4' ,! ?ree disputants1 hav+ return$ to ! assembly1 fai?fully relat$ :at _h happ5$4 ,_m praises 7 be/[$ on ,abdallah1 son ( ,giaf>--on ,kais1 son ( ,saad--& on ,arabad1 ( ! tribe ( ,z1 b ! pref]5ce 0 giv5 to ,arabad4 ,! ,arabs h sev]al tales ( ?is k9d1 b our we/]n nations h none4 ,our romances are n 9 ?is ta/e4 ,we h1 inde$1 sev]al :i* turn ^u trick alone1 z ^? ( ,boccaccio1 ,guzman d',alf>a*e1 ,gil ,bias1 etc4 ,on ,job1 ! ,arab4 ,x is cle> t ! ,arabs at lea/ possess$ noble & exalt$ ideas4 ,^? :o are mo/ conv]sant ) ! ori5tal languages ?9k t ! ,book ( ,job1 :i* is ( ! highe/ antiquity1 0 compos$ by an ,arab ( ,idumaea4 ,! mo/ cle> & indubitable pro( is t ! ,hebrew translator has left 9 8 translation m ?an a hundr$ ,arabic words1 :i*1 app>5tly1 he did n und]/&4 ,job1 ! h]o ( ! piece1 c\ld n be a ,hebrew1 = he says1 9 ! =ty-second *apt]1 t hav+ be5 re/or$ to 8 =m] circum/ances1 he divid$ 8 possessions equally among 8 sons & daught]s1 :i* is directly contr>y to ! ,hebrew law4 ,x is mo/ likely t1 if ?is book _h be5 compos$ aft] ! p]iod at :i* we place ,moses1 ! au?or--:o speaks ( s _m ?+s & is n sp>+ ( examples--w\ld h m5tion$ "s "o ( ! a/oni%+ prodigies work$ by ,moses1 :i* 71 d\btless1 kn[n to all ! nations ( ,asia4 ,9 ! v fir/ *apt] ,satan appe>s be=e ,god & asks p]mission to tempt ,job4 ,satan 0 unkn[n 9 ! ,p5tateu*2 x 0 a ,*aldan ^w2 a fre% pro( t ! ,arabian au?or 0 9 ! neighborhood ( ,*alda4 ,x has be5 ?\ght t he might be a ,jew because ! ,hebrew translator has put ,jehovah in/ead ( ,el1 or ,bel1 or ,sadai4 ,b :at man ( ! lea/ in=mation does n "k t ! ^w ,jehovah 0 common to ! ,phnicians1 ! ,syrians1 ! ,egyptians1 & e p ( ! neighbor+ c\ntries8 ,a yet /rong] pro(--"o to :i* !re is no reply--is ! k ( a/ronomy :i* appe>s 9 ! ,book ( ,job4 ,m5tion is "h made ( ! con/ellations :i* we call ,arcturus1 ,orion1 ! ,pleiades1 & ev5 ( ^? ( ! *amb]s ( ! s\?4 ,n[1 ! ,hebrews _h no k ( ! sph]e2 !y _h n ev5 a t]m to express a/ronomy2 b ! ,arabs1 l ! ,*aldans1 h always be5 fam$ = _! skill 9 ?is sci5ce4 ,x does1 !n1 seem to be ?or\ghly prov$ t ! ,book ( ,job _c h be5 writt5 by a ,jew1 & t x 0 ant]ior to all ! ,jewi% books1 ,philo & ,josephus 7 too prud5t to c\nt x among ^? ( ! ,hebrew canon4 ,x is inconte/ably an ,arabian p>able or allegory4 ,?is is n all4 ,we d]ive f x "s k ( ! cu/oms ( ! anci5t _w1 & especially ( ,arabia4 ,"h we read ( trad+ ) ! ,indies2 a comm]ce :i* ! ,arabs h 9 all ages c>ri$ on1 b :i* ! ,jews nev] ev5 he>d (4 ,"h1 too1 we see t ! art ( writ+ 0 9 great cultivation1 & t !y already made great books4 ,x _c be d5i$ t ! comm5tator ,calmet1 pr(\nd z he is1 violates all ! rules ( logic 9 pret5d+ t ,job ann\nces ! immortality ( ! s\l & ! resurrection ( ! body1 :5 he says3 ,= ,i "k t my ,r$eem] live?4 ,& ?\gh aft] my sk9--worms de/roy ?is body1 yet 9 my fle% %all ,i see ,god4 ,b ye %\ld say1 ,:y p]secute we him8--see+ ! root ( ! matt] is f\nd 9 me4 ,be ye afraid ( ! sword2 = wra? br+e? ! puni%m5t ( ! sword1 t ye may "k !re is a judgm5t4 ,c any?+ be und]/ood by ^? words1 o!r ?an 8 hope ( be+ cur$8 ,! immortality ( ! s\l1 & ! resurrection ( ! body at ! la/ day1 are tru?s s indubitably ann\nc$ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 & s cle>ly prov$ by ! fa!rs & ! c\ncils1 t !re is no ne$ to attribute ! fir/ k ( !m to an ,arab4 ,^! great my/]ies are n expla9$ 9 any passage ( ! ,hebrew ,p5tateu*2 h[ !n c !y be expla9$ 9 a s+le v]se ( ,job & t 9 s obscure a mann]8 ,calmet has no bett] reason = see+ 9 ! words ( ,job ! immortality ( ! s\l1 & ! g5]al resurrection1 ?an he w\ld h = discov]+ a disgraceful disease 9 ! malady ) :i* he 0 afflict$4 ,nei!r physics nor logic take ! "p ( ?is comm5tator4 ,z = ?is allegorical ,book ( ,job3 x be+ manife/ly ,arabian1 we are at lib]ty to say t x has nei!r ju/ness1 me?od1 nor precision4 ,yet x is p]haps ! mo/ anci5t book t has be5 writt51 & ! mo/ valuable monum5t t has be5 f\nd on ?is side ! ,euphrates4 ,,ar>at4 ,?is is a m\nta9 ( ,arm5ia1 on :i* ! ark re/$4 ,! "q has long be5 agitat$1 :e!r ! deluge 0 univ]sal--:e!r x inundat$ ! :ole e>? )\t exception1 or only ! portion ( ! e>? :i* 0 !n kn[n4 ,^? :o h ?\ght t x ext5d$ only to ! tribes !n exi/+1 h f\nd$ _! op9ion on ! inutility ( flood+ unpeopl$ l&s1 :i* reason seems v plausible4 ,z = u1 we abide by ! ,scripture text1 )\t pret5d+ to expla9 x4 ,b we %all take great] lib]ty ) ,b]osus1 an anci5t ,*aldan writ]1 ( :om !re are fragm5ts pres]v$ by ,abyd5us1 quot$ by ,eusebius1 & repeat$ ^w = ^w by ,george ,syncellus4 ,f ^! fragm5ts we f9d t ! ,ori5tals ( ! bord]s ( ! ,eux9e1 9 anci5t times1 made ,arm5ia ! abode ( _! gods4 ,9 ?is !y 7 imitat$ by ! ,greeks1 :o plac$ _! deities on ,m\nt ,olympus4 ,m5 h always conf\nd$ human ) div9e ?+s4 ,pr9ces built _! citadels on m\nta9s2 !re=e !y 7 also made ! dwell+ place ( ! gods1 & became sacr$4 ,! summit ( ,m\nt ,ar>at is conceal$ by mi/s2 !re=e ! gods hid !mselves 9 ^? mi/s1 sometimes v\*saf+ to appe> to mortals 9 f9e wea!r4 ,a god ( t c\ntry1 believ$ to h be5 ,saturn1 appe>$ "o day to ,xixut]1 t5? k+ ( ,*alda1 accord+ to ! computation ( ,africanus1 ,abyd5us1 & ,apollodorus1 & said to him3 ,on ! fifte5? day ( ! mon? ,oesi1 mank9d %all be de/roy$ by a deluge4 ,%ut up close all y\r writ+s 9 ,sip>a1 ! city ( ! sun1 t ! memory ( ?+s may n be lo/4 ,build a vessel2 ent] x ) y\r relatives & fri5ds2 take ) y birds & bea/s2 /ock x ) provisions1 &1 :5 y are ask$1 ',:i!r are y go+ 9 t vessel8' answ]1 ',to ! gods1 to beg _! favor = mank9d4' ,xixut] built 8 vessel1 :i* 0 two /adii wide1 & five long2 t x1 its wid? 0 two hundr$ & fifty geometrical paces1 & its l5g? six hundr$ & tw5ty-five4 ,?is %ip1 :i* 0 to g ^u ! ,black ,sea1 0 a sl[ sail]4 ,! flood came4 ,:5 x _h ceas$ ,xixut] let "s ( 8 birds fly out1 b1 f9d+ no?+ to eat1 !y return$ to ! vessel4 ,a few days aft]w>ds he aga9 set "s ( 8 birds at lib]ty1 & !y return$ ) mud 9 _! claws4 ,at la/ !y w5t & return$ no m4 ,xixut] did likewise3 he quitt$ 8 %ip1 :i* _h p]*$ ^u a m\nta9 ( ,arm5ia1 & he 0 se5 no m2 ! gods took him away4 ,!re is probably some?+ hi/oric 9 ?is fable4 ,! ,eux9e ov]fl[$ its banks1 & inundat$ "s portions ( t]ritory1 & ! k+ ( ,*alda ha/5$ to repair ! damage4 ,we h 9 ,rabelais tales no less ridicul\s1 f\nd$ on "s small portion ( tru?4 ,! anci5t hi/orians are1 = ! mo/ "p1 s]i\s ,rabelais4 ,z = ,m\nt ,ar>at1 x has be5 ass]t$ t x 0 "o ( ! m\nta9s ( ,phrygia1 & t x 0 call$ by a "n answ]+ t ( ark1 because x 0 enclos$ by ?ree riv]s4 ,!re are ?irty op9ions respect+ ?is m\nta94 ,h[ %all we di/+ui% ! true "o8 ,t :i* ! monks n[ call ,ar>at1 01 !y say1 "o ( ! limits ( ! t]re/rial p>adise--a p>adise ( :i* we f9d b few traces4 ,x is a collection ( rocks & precipices1 cov]$ ) et]nal sn[s4 ,t\rne=t w5t ?i!r by ord] ( ,l\is ,,xiv4 to seek = plants4 ,he says t ! :ole neighborhood is horrible1 & ! m\nta9 itself /ill m s2 t he f\nd sn[ f\r feet ?ick1 & q cry/alliz$1 & t !re are p]p5dicul> precipices on e side4 ,! ,dut* travell]1 ,john ,/ruys1 pret5ds t he w5t ?i!r also4 ,he tells u t he asc5d$ to ! v top1 to cure a h]mit afflict$ ) a rupture4 ,8 h]mitage1 says he1 0 s di/ant f ! e>? t we did n rea* x until ! close ( ! sev5? day1 ?\gh ea* day we w5t five leagues4 ,if1 9 ?is j\rney1 he 0 con/antly asc5d+1 ?is ,m\nt ,ar>at mu/ be ?irty-five leagues high4 ,9 ! "t ( ! ,giants' w>1 a few ,ar>ats pil$ "o ^u ano!r w\ld h made ! asc5t to ! moon q easy4 ,john ,/ruys1 moreov]1 assures u t ! h]mit :om he cur$ pres5t$ him ) a cross made ( ! wood ( ,noah's ark4 ,t\rne=t _h n ?is advantage4 ,,arianism4 ,! great !ological disputes1 = twelve hundr$ ye>s1 7 all ,greek4 ,:at w\ld ,hom]1 ,sophocles1 ,demo/h5es1 ,ar*im$es1 h said1 _h !y witness$ ! subtle cavill+s :i* h co/ s mu* blood4 ,arius has1 ev5 at ?is day1 ! honor ( be+ reg>d$ z ! inv5tor ( 8 op9ion1 z ,calv9 is consid]$ to h be5 ! f\nd] ( ,calv9ism4 ,! pride 9 be+ ! head ( a sect is ! second ( ?is _w's vanities2 = t ( conque/ is said to be ! fir/4 ,h[ev]1 x is c]ta9 t nei!r ,arius nor ,calv9 is entitl$ to ! melan*oly glory ( inv5tion4 ,! qu>rel ab\t ! ,tr9ity exi/$ long be=e ,arius took "p 9 x1 9 ! disputati\s t[n ( ,alex&ria1 :]e x _h be5 beyond ! p[] ( ,euclid to make m5 ?9k calmly & ju/ly4 ,!re nev] 0 a p m frivol\s ?an ! ,alex&rians2 9 ?is respect !y f> exce$$ ev5 ! ,p>isians4 ,!re mu/ already h be5 w>m disputes ab\t ! ,tr9ity2 s9ce ! patri>*1 :o compos$ ! ,alex&rian ,*ronicle1 pres]v$ at ,ox=d1 assures u t ! p>ty embrac$ by ,arius 0 support$ by two ?\s& prie/s4 ,we w "h1 = ! read]'s conv5i5ce1 give :at is said ( ,arius 9 a small book :i* e "o may n h at h&3 ,"h is an incompreh5sible "q1 :i*1 = m ?an sixte5 hundr$ ye>s1 has furni%$ ex]cise = curiosity1 = sophi/ic subtlety1 = animosity1 = ! _s ( cabal1 = ! fury ( dom9ion1 = ! rage ( p]secution1 = bl9d & sangu9>y fanaticism1 = b>b>\s cr$ulity1 & :i* has produc$ m horrors ?an ! ambition ( pr9ces1 :i* ambition has occasion$ v _m4 ,is ,jesus ! ,^w8 ,if ,he be ! ,^w1 did ,he emanate f ,god 9 "t or be=e "t8 ,if ,he emanat$ f ,god1 is ,he coet]nal & consub/antial ) ,him1 or is ,he ( a simil> sub/ance8 ,is ,he di/9ct f ,him1 or is ,he n8 ,is ,he made or begott58 ,c ,he beget 9 8 turn8 ,has ,he pat]nity8 or productive virtue )\t pat]nity8 ,is ! ,holy ,gho/ made8 or begott58 or produc$8 or proce$+ f ! ,fa!r8 or proce$+ f ! ,son8 or proce$+ f bo?8 ,c ,he beget8 c ,he produce8 is ,8 hypo/asis consub/antial ) ! hypo/asis ( ! ,fa!r & ! ,son8 & h[ is x t1 hav+ ! same nature--! same ess5ce z ! ,fa!r & ! ,son1 ,he _c d ! same ?+s done by ^! p]sons :o are ,himself8 ,^! que/ions1 s f> above reason1 c]ta9ly ne$$ ! decision ( an infallible *ur*4 ,! ,*ri/ians sophi/icat$1 cavill$1 hat$1 & excommunicat$ "o ano!r1 = "s ( ^! dogmas inaccessible to human intellect1 be=e ! "t ( ,arius & ,a?anasius4 ,! ,egyptian ,greeks 7 rem>kably clev]2 !y w\ld split a hair into f\r1 b on ?is occasion !y split x only into ?ree4 ,alex&ros1 bi%op ( ,alex&ria1 ?\ght prop] to prea* t ,god1 be+ necess>ily individual--s+le--a monad 9 ! /ricte/ s5se ( ! ^w1 ?is monad is triune4 ,! prie/ ,arius1 :om we call ,arius1 0 q sc&aliz$ by ,alex&ros's monad1 & expla9$ ! ?+ 9 q a diff]5t way4 ,he cavill$ 9 "p l ! prie/ ,sabellius1 :o _h cavill$ l ! ,phrygian ,praxeas1 :o 0 a great cavill]4 ,alex&ros quickly assembl$ a small c\ncil ( ^? ( 8 own op9ion1 & excommunicat$ 8 prie/4 ,eusebius1 bi%op ( ,nicom$ia1 took ! "p ( ,arius4 ,?us ! :ole ,*ur* 0 9 a flame4 ,! ,emp]or ,con/ant9e 0 a villa92 ,i confess x--a p>ricide1 :o _h smo!r$ 8 wife 9 a ba?1 cut 8 son's ?roat1 assass9at$ 8 fa!r-9-law1 8 bro!r-9-law1 & 8 nephew2 ,i _c d5y x--a man puff$ up ) pride & imm]s$ 9 pleasure2 grant$--a dete/able tyrant1 l 8 *ildr52 transeat--b he 0 a man ( s5se4 ,he w\ld n h obta9$ ! empire1 & subdu$ all 8 rivals1 _h he n reason$ ju/ly4 ,:5 he saw ! flames ( civil w> light$ among ! s*ola/ic bra9s1 he s5t ! celebrat$ ,bi%op ,osius ) dissuasive lett]s to ! two bellig]5t p>ties4 ,y are great fools1 he expressly tells !m 9 ?is lett]1 to qu>rel ab\t ?+s :i* y d n und]/&4 ,x is unwor?y ! gravity ( y\r m9i/ry to make s mu* noise ab\t s trifl+ a matt]4 ,by s trifl+ a matt]1 ,con/ant9e meant n :at reg>ds ! ,div9ity1 b ! incompreh5sible mann] 9 :i* !y 7 /riv+ to expla9 ! nature ( ! ,div9ity4 ,! ,arabian patri>*1 :o wrote ! hi/ory ( ! ,*ur* ( ,alex&ria1 makes ,osius1 on pres5t+ ! emp]or's lett]1 speak 9 ne>ly ! foll[+ words3 ,my bre?r51 ,*ri/ianity is j beg9n+ to enjoy ! bless+s ( peace1 & y w\ld plunge x into et]nal discord4 ,! emp]or has b too mu* reason to tell y t y qu>rel ab\t a v trifl+ matt]4 ,c]ta9ly1 _h ! object ( ! dispute be5 ess5tial1 ,jesus ,*ri/1 :om we all ackn[l$ge z our legislator1 w\ld h m5tion$ x4 ,god w\ld n h s5t ,8 ,son on e>?1 to return )\t tea*+ u our cate*ism4 ,:atev] ,he has n expressly told u is ! "w ( m5 & error is _! portion4 ,jesus has comm&$ y to love "o ano!r1 & y beg9 by hat+ "o ano!r & /irr+ up discord 9 ! empire4 ,pride alone has giv5 bir? to ^! disputes1 & ,jesus1 y\r ,ma/]1 has comm&$ y to be humble4 ,n "o among y c "k :e!r ,jesus is made or begott54 ,& 9 :at does ,8 nature conc]n y1 provid$ y\r own is to be j & reasonable8 ,:at has ! va9 sci5ce ( words to d ) ! morality :i* %\ld guide y\r actions8 ,y cl\d our doctr9es ) my/]ies--y1 :o 7 design$ to /r5g!n religion by y\r virtues4 ,w\ld y leave ! ,*ri/ian religion a mass ( sophi/ry8 ,did ,*ri/ come = ?is8 ,cease to dispute1 humble y\rselves1 edify "o ano!r1 clo! ! nak$1 fe$ ! hungry1 & pacify ! qu>rels ( families1 in/ead ( giv+ sc&al to ! :ole empire by y\r diss5sions4 ,b ,osius address$ an ob/9ate audi5ce4 ,! ,c\ncil ( ,nice 0 assembl$ & ! ,roman ,empire 0 torn by a spiritual civil w>4 ,?is w> br\ght on o!rs & mutual p]secution has cont9u$ f age to age1 unto ?is day4 ,! melan*oly "p ( ! affair 0 t z soon z ! c\ncil 0 end$ ! p]secution began2 b ,con/ant9e1 :5 he op5$ x1 did n yet "k h[ he %\ld act1 nor ^u :om ! p]secution %\ld fall4 ,he 0 n a ,*ri/ian1 ?\gh he 0 at ! head ( ! ,*ri/ians4 ,baptism alone !n con/itut$ ,*ri/ianity1 & he _h n be5 baptiz$2 he _h ev5 rebuilt ! ,temple ( ,concord at ,rome4 ,x 01 d\btless1 p]fectly indiff]5t to him :e!r ,alex&] ( ,alex&ria1 or ,eusebius ( ,nicom$ia1 & ! prie/ ,arius1 7 "r or wrong2 x is q evid5t1 f ! lett] giv5 above1 t he _h a pr(\nd contempt = ! dispute4 ,b !re happ5$ t :i* always happ5s & always w happ5 9 e c\rt4 ,! enemies ( ^? :o 7 aft]w>ds nam$ ,arians accus$ ,eusebius ( ,nicom$ia ( hav+ =m]ly tak5 "p ) ,lic9ius aga9/ ! emp]or4 ,i h pro(s ( x1 said ,con/ant9e 9 8 lett] to ! ,*ur* ( ,nicom$ia1 f ! prie/s & deacons 9 8 tra9 :om ,i h tak51 etc4 ,?us1 f ! "t ( ! fir/ great c\ncil1 intrigue1 cabal1 & p]secution 7 e/abli%$1 toge!r ) ! t5ets ( ! ,*ur*1 )\t ! p[] to d]ogate f _! sanctity4 ,con/ant9e gave ! *apels ( ^? :o did n believe 9 ! consub/antiality to ^? :o did believe 9 x2 confiscat$ ! prop]ty ( ! diss5t]s to 8 own pr(it1 & us$ 8 despotic p[] to exile ,arius & 8 p>tisans1 :o 7 n !n ! /ronge/4 ,x has ev5 be5 said t ( 8 own private au?ority he condemn$ to dea? :osoev] %\ld n burn ! writ+s ( ,arius2 b ?is is n true4 ,con/ant9e1 prodigal z he 0 ( human blood1 did n c>ry 8 cruelty to s mad & absurd an excess z to ord] 8 execution]s to assass9ate ! man :o %\ld keep an h]etical book1 :ile he suff]$ ! h]esi>* to live4 ,at c\rt ev]y?+ soon *anges4 ,sev]al non-consub/antial bi%ops1 ) "s ( ! eunu*s & ! wom51 spoke 9 favor ( ,arius1 & obta9$ ! rev]sal ( ! lettre de ca*et4 ,! same ?+ has repeat$ly happ5$ 9 our mod]n c\rts on simil> occasions4 ,! celebrat$ ,eusebius1 bi%op ( ,cs>ea1 kn[n by 8 writ+s1 :i* ev9ce no great disc]nm5t1 /rongly accus$ ,eu/atius1 bi%op ( ,antio*1 ( be+ a ,sabellian2 & ,eu/atius accus$ ,eusebius ( be+ an ,arian4 ,a c\ncil 0 assembl$ at ,antio*2 ,eusebius ga9$ 8 cause2 ,eu/atius 0 displac$2 & ! ,see ( ,antio* 0 (f]$ to ,eusebius1 :o w\ld n accept x2 ! two p>ties arm$ aga9/ ea* o!r1 & ?is 0 ! prelude to controv]sial w>f>e4 ,con/ant9e1 :o _h bani%$ ,arius = n believ+ 9 ! consub/antial ,son1 n[ bani%$ ,eu/atius = believ+ 9 ,him2 nor are su* revolutions uncommon4 ,/4 ,a?anasius 0 !n bi%op ( ,alex&ria4 ,he w\ld n admit ,arius1 :om ! emp]or _h s5t ?i!r1 into ! t[n1 say+ t ,arius 0 excommunicat$2 t an excommunicat$ man ought no long] to h ei!r home or c\ntry2 t he c\ld nei!r eat nor sleep any:]e2 & t x 0 bett] to obey ,god ?an man4 ,a new c\ncil 0 =?) held at ,tyre1 & new lettres de ca*et 7 issu$4 ,a?anasius 0 remov$ by ! ,tyrian fa!rs & bani%$ to ,trves4 ,?us ,arius1 & ,a?anasius1 8 greate/ enemy1 7 condemn$ 9 turn by a man :o 0 n yet a ,*ri/ian3 ,! two factions alike employ$ artifice1 fraud1 & calumny1 accord+ to ! old & et]nal usage4 ,con/ant9e left !m to dispute & cabal1 = he _h o!r occupations4 ,x 0 at t "t t ?is good pr9ce assass9at$ 8 son1 8 wife1 & 8 nephew1 ! "y ,lic9ius1 ! hope ( ! empire1 :o 0 n yet twelve ye>s old4 ,"u ,con/ant9e1 ,arius' p>ty 0 con/antly victori\s4 ,! opposite p>ty has unblu%+ly writt5 t "o day ,/4 ,mac>ius1 "o ( ! mo/ ard5t foll[]s ( ,a?anasius1 kn[+ t ,arius 0 on ! way to ! ca!dral ( ,con/ant9ople1 foll[$ by sev]al ( 8 bre?r51 pray$ s ard5tly to ,god to conf\nd ?is h]esi>* t ,god c\ld n resi/ ! pray]2 & imm$iately all ,arius' b[els pass$ ?r\gh 8 fundam5t--:i* is impossible4 ,b at l5g? ,arius di$4 ,con/ant9e foll[$ him a ye> aft]w>ds1 & x is said he di$ ( leprosy4 ,julian1 9 8 ,cs>s1 says t baptism1 :i* ?is emp]or receiv$ a few h\rs be=e 8 dea?1 cur$ no "o ( ?is di/emp]4 ,z 8 *ildr5 reign$ aft] him ! flatt]y ( ! ,roman p1 :o _h long be5 slaves1 0 c>ri$ to su* an excess t ^? ( ! old religion made him a god1 & ^? ( ! new made him a sa9t4 ,8 fea/ 0 long kept1 toge!r ) t ( 8 "m4 ,aft] 8 dea?1 ! tr\bles caus$ by ! s+le ^w consub/antial agitat$ ! empire ) r5ew$ viol5ce4 ,con/antius1 son & successor to ,con/ant9e1 imitat$ all 8 fa!r's cruelties1 &1 l him1 held c\ncils--:i* c\ncils ana!matiz$ "o ano!r4 ,a?anasius w5t ov] all ,europe & ,asia to support 8 p>ty1 b ! ,eusebians ov]:elm$ him4 ,bani%m5t1 imprisonm5t1 tumult1 murd]1 & assass9ation signaliz$ ! close ( ! reign ( ,con/antius4 ,julian1 ! ,*ur*'s mortal enemy1 did 8 utmo/ to re/ore peace to ! ,*ur*1 b 0 unsuccessful4 ,jovian1 & aft] him ,val5t9ian1 gave entire lib]ty ( consci5ce1 b ! two p>ties accept$ x only z ! lib]ty to ex]cise _! hatr$ & _! fury4 ,!odosius decl>$ = ! ,c\ncil ( ,nice1 b ! ,empress ,ju/9a1 :o reign$ 9 ,italy1 ,illyria1 & ,africa1 z gu>dian ( ! "y ,val5t9ian1 proscrib$ ! great ,c\ncil ( ,nice2 & soon aft] ! ,go?s1 ,v&als1 & ,burgundians1 :o spread !mselves ov] s _m prov9ces1 f9d+ ,arianism e/abli%$ 9 !m1 embrac$ x 9 ord] to gov]n ! conqu]$ nations by ! religion ( ^? nations4 ,b ! ,nican fai? hav+ be5 receiv$ by ! ,gauls1 _! conqu]or1 ,clovis1 foll[$ t communion = ! v same reason t ! o!r b>b>ians _h pr(ess$ ! fai? ( ,arius4 ,9 ,italy1 ! great ,!odoric kept peace betwe5 ! two p>ties1 & at la/ ! ,nican =mula prevail$ 9 ! ea/ & 9 ! we/4 ,arianism reappe>$ ab\t ! middle ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 favor$ by ! religi\s disputes :i* !n divid$ ,europe2 & x reappe>$1 arm$ ) new /r5g? & a /ill great] incr$ulity4 ,=ty g5tlem5 ( ,vic5za =m$ an academy1 9 :i* su* t5ets only 7 e/abli%$ z appe>$ necess>y to make m5 ,*ri/ians4 ,jesus 0 ackn[l$g$ z ! ,^w1 z ,savi\r1 & z ,judge2 b ,8 div9ity1 ,8 consub/antiality1 & ev5 ! ,tr9ity1 7 d5i$4 ,( ^! dogmatiz]s1 ! pr9cipal 7 ,llius ,soc9us1 ,o*91 ,pazuta1 & ,g5tilis1 :o 7 jo9$ by ,s]vetus4 ,! un=tunate dispute ( ! latt] ) ,calv9 is well kn[n2 !y c>ri$ on = "s "t an int]*ange ( abuse by lett]4 ,s]vetus 0 s imprud5t z to pass ?r\gh ,g5eva1 on 8 way to ,g]many4 ,calv9 0 c[>dly en\gh to h him arre/$1 & b>b>\s en\gh to h him condemn$ to be roa/$ by a sl[ fire--! same puni%m5t :i* ,calv9 himself _h n>r[ly escap$ 9 ,france4 ,ne>ly all ! !ologians ( t "t 7 by turns p]secut+ & p]secut$1 execution]s & victims4 ,! same ,calv9 solicit$ ! dea? ( ,g5tilis at ,g5eva4 ,he f\nd five advocates to subscribe t ,g5tilis des]v$ to p]i% 9 ! flames4 ,su* horrors 7 wor?y ( t abom9able age4 ,g5tilis 0 put 9 prison1 & 0 on ! po9t ( be+ burn$ l ,s]vetus1 b he 0 bett] advis$ ?an ! ,spani>d2 he retract$1 be/[$ ! mo/ ridicul\s praises on ,calv91 & 0 sav$4 ,b he _h aft]w>ds ! ill =tune1 ?r\gh n hav+ made t]ms ) a bailiff ( ! canton ( ,b]ne1 to be arre/$ z an ,arian4 ,!re 7 witnesses :o depos$ t he _h said t ! words tr9ity1 ess5ce1 hypo/asis 7 n to be f\nd 9 ! ,scriptures1 & on ?is deposition ! judges1 :o 7 z ignorant ( ! mean+ ( hypo/asis z himself1 condemn$ him1 )\t at all argu+ ! "q1 to lose 8 head4 ,fau/us ,soc9us1 nephew to ,llius ,soc9us1 & 8 companions 7 m =tunate 9 ,g]many4 ,!y p5etrat$ into ,silesia & ,pol&1 f\nd$ *ur*es !re1 wrote1 prea*$1 & 7 successful1 b at l5g?1 _! religion be+ dive/$ ( almo/ e my/]y1 & a philosophical & peaceful1 r ?an a militant sect1 !y 7 ab&on$2 & ! ,jesuits1 :o _h m influ5ce1 p]secut$ & disp]s$ !m4 ,! rema9s ( ?is sect 9 ,pol&1 ,g]many1 & ,holl& keep quiet & conceal$2 b 9 ,engl& ! sect has reappe>$ ) great] /r5g? & clat4 ,! great ,newton & ,locke embrac$ x4 ,samuel ,cl>ke1 ! celebrat$ rector ( ,/4 ,james1 & au?or ( an excell5t book on ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 op5ly decl>$ himself an ,arian1 & 8 disciples are v num]\s4 ,he w\ld nev] att5d 8 p>i% *ur* on ! day :5 ! ,a?anasian ,cre$ 0 recit$4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ?is "w w be se5 ! subtleties :i* all ^! ob/9ate p]sons1 :o 7 n s mu* ,*ri/ians z philosoph]s1 oppos$ to ! purity ( ! ,ca?olic fai?4 ,al?\gh among ! !ologians ( ,london !re 0 a l>ge flock ( ,arians1 ! public m9d !re has be5 m occupi$ by ! great ma!matical tru?s discov]$ by ,newton1 & ! metaphysical wisdom ( ,locke4 ,disputes on consub/antiality appe> v dull to philosoph]s4 ,! same ?+ happ5$ to ,newton 9 ,engl& z to ,corneille 9 ,france1 ^: ,p]?>ite1 ,?odore1 & ,recueil de ,v]s 7 =gott51 :ile ,c9na 0 alone ?\ght (4 ,newton 0 look$ ^u z ,god's int]pret]1 9 ! calculation ( fluxions1 ! laws ( gravitation1 & ! nature ( light4 ,on 8 dea?1 8 pall 0 borne by ! pe]s & ! *ancellor ( ! realm1 & 8 rema9s 7 laid ne> ! tombs ( ! k+s--?an :om he is m rev]$4 ,s]vetus1 :o is said to h discov]$ ! circulation ( ! blood1 0 roa/$ by a sl[ fire1 9 a little t[n ( ! ,allobroges1 rul$ by a !ologian ( ,pic>dy4 ,,ari/eas4 ,%all m5 =ev] be deceiv$ 9 ! mo/ indiff]5t z well z ! mo/ s]i\s ?+s8 ,a pret5d$ ,ari/eas w\ld make u believe t he _h ! ,old ,te/am5t translat$ into ,greek = ! use ( ,ptolemy ,philadelphus--j z ! ,duke de ,montausi] _h comm5t>ies writt5 on ! be/ ,lat9 au?ors = ! dauph91 :o made no use ( !m4 ,accord+ to ?is ,ari/eas1 ,ptolemy1 burn+ ) desire to be acqua9t$ ) ! ,jewi% books1 & to "k ^? laws :i* ! meane/ ,jew 9 ,alex&ria c\ld h translat$ = fifty cr[ns1 det]m9$ to s5d a solemn embassy to ! high-prie/ ( ! ,jews ( ,j]usalem2 to deliv] a hundr$ & tw5ty ?\s& ,jewi% slaves1 :om 8 fa!r1 ,ptolemy ,sot]1 _h made prison]s 9 ,juda1 & 9 ord] to assi/ !m 9 p]=m+ ! j\rney agreeably1 to give !m ab\t =ty cr[ns ea* ( our money--am\nt+ 9 ! :ole to f\rte5 millions f\r hundr$ ?\s& ( our livres1 or ab\t five hundr$ & sev5ty-six ?\s& p\nds4 ,ptolemy did n cont5t himself ) ?is unhe>d-( lib]ality4 ,he s5t to ! temple a l>ge table ( massive gold1 enri*$ all ov] ) preci\s /ones1 & _h engrav$ ^u x a *>t ( ! ,me&]1 a riv] ( ,phrygia1 ! c\rse ( :i* riv] 0 m>k$ ) rubies & em]alds4 ,x is obvi\s h[ *>m+ su* a *>t ( ! ,me&] mu/ h be5 to ! ,jews4 ,?is table 0 load$ ) two imm5se gold5 vases1 /ill m ri*ly work$4 ,he also gave ?irty o!r gold5 & an inf9ite numb] ( silv] vases4 ,nev] 0 a book s de>ly paid =2 ! :ole ,vatican libr>y might be _h = a less am\nt4 ,eleaz>1 ! pret5d$ high-prie/ ( ,j]usalem1 s5t ambassadors 9 8 turn1 :o pres5t$ only a lett] writt5 ^u f9e vellum 9 *>act]s ( gold4 ,x 0 an act wor?y ( ! ,jews1 to give a bit ( p>*m5t = ab\t ?irty millions ( livres4 ,ptolemy 0 s mu* delight$ ) ,eleaz>'s /yle t he %$ te>s ( joy4 ,! ambassador d9$ ) ! k+ & ! *ief prie/s ( ,egypt4 ,:5 grace 0 to be said1 ! ,egyptians yield$ ! honor to ! ,jews4 ,) ^! ambassadors came sev5ty-two int]pret]s1 six f ea* ( ! twelve tribes1 :o _h all le>n$ ,greek p]fectly at ,j]usalem4 ,x is really a pity t ( ^! twelve tribes t5 7 entirely lo/1 & _h disappe>$ f ! face ( ! e>? s _m ages be=e2 b ,eleaz>1 ! high-prie/1 f\nd !m aga91 on purpose to s5d translators to ,ptolemy4 ,! sev5ty-two int]pret]s 7 %ut up 9 ! isl& ( ,ph>os4 ,ea* ( !m complet$ 8 translation 9 sev5ty-two days1 & all ! translations 7 f\nd to be ^w = ^w alike4 ,?is is call$ ! ,septuag9t or translation ( ! sev5ty1 ?\gh x %\ld h be5 call$ ! translation ( ! sev5ty-two4 ,z soon z ! k+ _h receiv$ ^! books he wor%ipp$ !m--he 0 s good a ,jew4 ,ea* int]pret] receiv$ ?ree tal5ts ( gold1 & !re 7 s5t to ! high-sacrific]--9 return = 8 p>*m5t--t5 c\*es ( silv]1 a cr[n ( gold1 c5s]s & cups ( gold1 a vase ( ?irty tal5ts ( silv]--t is1 ( ! weight ( ab\t sixty ?\s& cr[ns--) t5 purple robes1 & a hundr$ pieces ( ! f9e/ l954 ,ne>ly all ?is f9e /ory is fai?fully repeat$ by ! hi/orian ,josephus1 :o nev] exagg]ates any?+4 ,/4 ,ju/9 improves ^u ,josephus4 ,he says t ,ptolemy appli$ to ,k+ ,h]od1 & n to ! high-prie/ ,eleaz>4 ,he makes ,ptolemy s5d two ambassadors to ,h]od--:i* adds mu* to ! m>vell\sness ( ! tale1 = we "k t ,h]od 0 n born until long aft] ! reign ( ,ptolemy ,philadelphus4 ,x is ne$less to po9t out ! pr(usion ( ana*ronisms 9 ^! & all su* romances1 or ! sw>m ( contradictions & enorm\s blund]s into :i* ! ,jewi% au?or falls 9 e s5t5ce2 yet ?is fable 0 reg>d$ = ages z an inconte/able tru?2 &1 ! bett] to ex]cise ! cr$ulity ( ! human m9d1 e writ] :o repeat$ x add$ or retr5*$ 9 8 own way1 s t1 to believe x all1 x 0 necess>y to believe x 9 a hundr$ diff]5t ways4 ,"s smile at ^! absurdities :i* :ole nations h swall[$1 :ile o!rs sigh ov] ! impo/ure4 ,! inf9ite div]sity ( ^! falsehoods multiplies ! foll[]s ( ,democritus & ,h]aclitus4 ,,ari/otle4 ,x is n to be believ$ t ,alex&]'s preceptor1 *os5 by ,philip1 0 wrong-head$ & p$antic4 ,philip 0 assur$ly a judge1 be+ himself well in=m$1 & ! rival ( ,demo/h5es 9 eloqu5ce4 ,ari/otle's ,logic4 ,ari/otle's logic--8 art ( reason+--is s mu* ! m to be e/eem$ z he _h to deal ) ! ,greeks1 :o 7 cont9ually hold+ capti\s argum5ts1 f :i* fault 8 ma/] ,plato 0 ev5 less exempt ?an o!rs4 ,take1 = example1 ! article by :i*1 9 ! ,phdon ,plato proves ! immortality ( ! s\l3 ,d y n say t dea? is ! opposite ( life8 ,yes4 ,& t !y spr+ f ea* o!r8 ,yes4 ,:at1 !n1 is x t spr+s f ! liv+8 ,! dead4 ,& :at f ! dead8 ,! liv+4 ,x is1 !n1 f ! dead t all liv+ creatures arise4 ,consequ5tly1 s\ls exi/ aft] dea? 9 ! inf]nal regions4 ,sure & un]r+ rules 7 want$ to unravel ?is extraord9>y nons5se1 :i*1 ?r\gh ,plato's reputation1 fasc9at$ ! m9ds ( m54 ,x 0 necess>y to %[ t ,plato gave a loose mean+ to all 8 words4 ,dea? does n spr+ f life1 b ! liv+ man ceases to live4 ,! liv+ spr+s n f ! dead1 b f a liv+ man :o subsequ5tly dies4 ,consequ5tly1 ! conclusion t all liv+ ?+s spr+ f dead ones is ridicul\s4 ,f ?is conclusion y draw ano!r1 :i* is no way includ$ 9 ! premises1 t s\ls are 9 ! inf]nal regions aft] dea?4 ,x %\ld fir/ h be5 prov$ t dead bodies are 9 ! inf]nal regions1 & t ! s\ls accompany !m4 ,!re is n a correct ^w 9 y\r argum5t4 ,y %\ld h said--,t :i* ?9ks has no p>ts2 t :i* has no p>ts is inde/ructible3 !re=e1 ! ?9k+ faculty 9 u1 hav+ no p>ts1 is inde/ructible4 ,or--! body dies because x is divisible2 ! s\l is indivisible2 !re=e x does n die4 ,!n y w\ld at lea/ h be5 und]/ood4 ,x is ! same ) all ! capti\s reason+s ( ! ,greeks4 ,a ma/] taught rhetoric to 8 disciple on condition t he %\ld pay him aft] ! fir/ cause t he ga9$4 ,! disciple int5d$ nev] to pay him4 ,he comm5c$ an action aga9/ 8 ma/]1 say+3 ,i w nev] pay y any?+1 =1 if ,i lose my cause ,i 0 n to pay y until ,i _h ga9$ x1 & if ,i ga9 x my dem& is t ,i may n pay y4 ,! ma/] retort$1 say+3 ,if y lose y mu/ pay2 if y ga9 y mu/ also pay2 = our b>ga9 is t y %all pay me aft] ! fir/ cause t y h ga9$4 ,x is evid5t t all ?is turns on an ambiguity4 ,ari/otle tea*es h[ to remove x1 by putt+ ! necess>y t]ms 9 ! argum5t3 ,a sum is n due until ! day appo9t$ = its paym5t4 ,! day appo9t$ is t :5 a cause %all h be5 ga9$4 ,no cause has yet be5 ga9$4 ,!re=e ! day appo9t$ has n yet arriv$4 ,!re=e ! disciple does n yet owe any?+4 ,b n yet does n mean nev]4 ,s t ! disciple in/itut$ a ridicul\s action4 ,! ma/]1 too1 _h no "r to dem& any?+1 s9ce ! day appo9t$ _h n arriv$4 ,he mu/ wait until ! disciple _h plead$ "s o!r cause4 ,suppose a conqu]+ p 7 to /ipulate t !y w\ld re/ore to ! conqu]$ only "o-half ( _! %ips2 !n1 hav+ saw$ !m 9 two1 & hav+ ?us giv5 back ! exact half1 7 to pret5d t !y _h fulfill$ ! treaty4 ,x is evid5t t ?is w\ld be a v crim9al equivocation4 ,ari/otle did1 !n1 r5d] a great s]vice to mank9d by prev5t+ all ambiguity2 = ?is x is :i* causes all misund]/&+s 9 philosophy1 9 !ology1 & 9 public affairs4 ,! pretext = ! un=tunate w> ( #agef 0 an equivocation respect+ ,acadia4 ,x is true t natural good s5se1 comb9$ ) ! habit ( reason+1 may disp5se ) ,ari/otle's rules4 ,a man :o has a good e> & voice may s+ well )\t musical rules1 b x is bett] to "k !m4 ,8 ,physics4 ,!y are b little und]/ood1 b x is m ?an probable t ,ari/otle und]/ood himself1 & 0 und]/ood 9 8 own "t4 ,we are /rang]s to ! language ( ! ,greeks2 we d n atta* to ! same words ! same ideas4 ,= in/ance1 :5 he says1 9 8 sev5? *apt]1 t ! pr9ciples ( bodies are matt]1 privation1 & =m1 he seems to talk egregi\s nons5se2 b su* is n ! case4 ,matt]1 ) him1 is ! fir/ pr9ciple ( ev]y?+--! subject ( ev]y?+--indiff]5t to ev]y?+4 ,=m is ess5tial to its becom+ any c]ta9 ?+4 ,privation is t :i* di/+ui%es any be+ f all ^? ?+s :i* are n 9 x4 ,matt] may1 indiff]5tly1 become a rose or an apple2 b1 :5 x is an apple or a rose x is depriv$ ( all t w\ld make x silv] or lead4 ,p]haps ?is tru? 0 n wor? ! tr\ble ( repeat+2 b we h no?+ "h b :at is q intelligible1 & no?+ at all imp]t95t4 ,! act ( t :i* is 9 p[] also seems a ridicul\s phrase1 ?\gh x is no m s ?an ! "o j notic$4 ,matt] may become :atev] y w--fire1 e>?1 wat]1 vapor1 metal1 m9]al1 animal1 tree1 fl[]4 ,?is is all t is meant by ! expression1 act 9 p[]4 ,s t !re 0 no?+ ridicul\s to ! ,greeks 9 say+ t motion 0 an act ( p[]1 s9ce matt] may be mov$2 & x is v likely t ,ari/otle und]/ood !reby t motion 0 n ess5tial to matt]4 ,ari/otle's physics mu/ necess>ily h be5 v bad 9 detail4 ,?is 0 common to all philosoph]s until ! "t :5 ! ,galileos1 ! ,torricellis1 ! ,gu]ickes1 ! ,drebels1 & ! ,academy del ,cim5to began to make exp]im5ts4 ,natural philosophy is a m9e :i* _c be explor$ )\t in/rum5ts t 7 unkn[n to ! anci5ts4 ,!y rema9$ on ! br9k ( ! abyss1 & reason$ ^u )\t see+ its cont5ts4 ,ari/otle's ,treatise on ,animals4 ,8 rese>*es relative to animals =m$1 on ! contr>y1 ! be/ book ( antiquity1 because "h ,ari/otle made use ( 8 eyes4 ,alex&] furni%$ him ) all ! r>e animals ( ,europe1 ,asia1 & ,africa4 ,?is 0 "o fruit ( 8 conque/s4 ,9 ?is way t h]o sp5t imm5se sums1 :i* at ?is day w\ld t]rify all ! gu>dians ( ! royal treasury1 & :i* %\ld immortalize ,alex&]'s glory1 ( :i* we h already spok54 ,at ! pres5t day a h]o1 :5 he has ! mis=tune to make w>1 c sc>cely give any enc\ragem5t to ! sci5ces2 he mu/ borr[ money ( a ,jew1 & consult o!r ,jews 9 ord] to make ! sub/ance ( 8 subjects fl[ into 8 c(f] ( ! ,danaides1 :5ce x escapes ?r\gh a ?\s& op5+s4 ,alex&] s5t to ,ari/otle elephants1 rh9oc]oses1 tig]s1 lions1 crocodiles1 gazelles1 eagles1 o/ri*es1 etc42 & we1 :5 by *ance a r>e animal is br\ght to our fairs1 g & admire x = sixp5ce1 & x dies be=e we "k any?+ ab\t x4 ,( ! ,et]nal ,_w4 ,ari/otle expressly ma9ta9s1 9 8 book on heav51 *ap1 xi41 t ! _w is et]nal4 ,?is 0 ! op9ion ( all antiquity1 except+ ! ,epicureans4 ,he admitt$ a ,god--a fir/ mov]--& def9$ ,him to be "o1 et]nal1 immovable1 indivisible1 )\t qualities4 ,he mu/1 !re=e1 h reg>d$ ! _w z emanat+ f ,god1 z ! light emanates f ! sun1 & is co-exi/5t ) x4 ,ab\t ! cele/ial sph]es he 0 z ignorant z all ! re/ ( ! philosoph]s4 ,cop]nicus 0 n yet come4 ,8 ,metaphysics4 ,god be+ ! fir/ mov]1 ,he gives motion to ! s\l4 ,b :at is ,god1 & :at is ! s\l1 accord+ to him8 ,! s\l is an entele*ia4 ,x is1 says he1 a pr9ciple & an act--a n\ri%+1 feel+1 & reason+ p[]4 ,?is c only mean t we h ! faculties ( n\ri%+ ourselves1 ( feel+1 & ( reason+4 ,! ,greeks no m knew :at an entele*ia 0 ?an d ! ,s\? ,sea isl&]s2 nor h our doctors any m k ( :at a s\l is4 ,8 ,morals4 ,ari/otle's morals1 l all o!rs1 are good1 = !re are n two sy/ems ( morality4 ,^? ( ,confucius1 ( ,zoroa/]1 ( ,py?agoras1 ( ,ari/otle1 ( ,epictetus1 ( ,anton9us1 are absolutely ! same4 ,god has plac$ 9 e brea/ ! k ( good1 ) "s incl9ation = evil4 ,ari/otle says t to be virtu\s ?ree ?+s are necess>y--nature1 reason1 & habit2 & no?+ is m true4 ,)\t a good disposition1 virtue is too difficult2 reason /r5g!ns x2 & habit r5d]s good actions z famili> z a daily ex]cise to :i* "o is accu/om$4 ,he enum]ates all ! virtues1 & does n fail to place fri5d%ip among !m4 ,he di/+ui%es fri5d%ip betwe5 equals1 betwe5 relatives1 betwe5 gue/s1 & betwe5 lov]s4 ,fri5d%ip spr++ f ! rights ( hospitality is no long] kn[n among u4 ,t :i*1 among ! anci5ts1 0 ! sacr$ bond ( society is1 ) u1 no?+ b an innkeep]'s reckon+2 & z = lov]s1 x is v r>ely n[adays t virtue has any?+ to d ) love4 ,we ?9k we owe no?+ to a woman to :om we h a ?\s& times promis$ ev]y?+4 ,x is a melan*oly reflection t our fir/ ?9k]s h nev] rank$ fri5d%ip among ! virtues--h r>ely recomm5d$ fri5d%ip2 b1 on ! contr>y1 h (t5 seem$ to brea! enmity1 l tyrants1 :o dread all associations4 ,x is1 moreov]1 ) v good reason t ,ari/otle places all ! virtues betwe5 ! two extremes4 ,he 01 p]haps1 ! fir/ :o assign$ !m ?is place4 ,he expressly says t piety is ! m$ium betwe5 a!ism & sup]/ition4 ,8 ,rhetoric4 ,x 0 probably 8 rules = rhetoric & poetry t ,cic]o & ,qu9tilian _h 9 view4 ,cic]o1 9 8 ,orator says t no "o _h m sci5ce1 sagacity1 inv5tion1 or judgm5t4 ,qu9tilian goes s f> z to praise1 n only ! ext5t ( 8 k1 b also ! suavity ( 8 elocution--suavitatem eloqu5di4 ,ari/otle w\ld h an orator well in=m$ respect+ laws1 f9ances1 treaties1 =tresses1 g>risons1 provisions1 & m]*&ise4 ,! orators 9 ! p>liam5ts ( ,engl&1 ! diets ( ,pol&1 ! /ates ( ,sw$51 ! pregadi ( ,v5ice1 etc41 w\ld n f9d ^! lessons ( ,ari/otle unpr(itable2 to o!r nations1 p]haps1 !y w\ld be s4 ,he w\ld h 8 orator "k ! passions & mann]s ( m51 & ! humors ( e condition4 ,i ?9k !re is n a s+le nicety ( ! art :i* has escap$ him4 ,he p>ticul>ly comm5ds ! cit+ ( in/ances :]e public affairs are spok5 (2 no?+ has s great an effect on ! m9ds ( m54 ,:at he says on ?is subject proves t he wrote 8 ,rhetoric long be=e ,alex&] 0 appo9t$ capta9-g5]al ( ! ,greeks aga9/ ! great k+4 ,if1 says he1 any "o _h to prove to ! ,greeks t x is to _! int]e/ to oppose ! ent]prises ( ! k+ ( ,p]sia1 & to prev5t him f mak+ himself ma/] ( ,egypt1 he %\ld fir/ rem9d !m t ,d>ius ,o*us w\ld n attack ,greece until ,egypt 0 9 8 p[]2 he %\ld rem>k t ,x]xes _h pursu$ ! same c\rse2 he %\ld add t x 0 n to be d\bt$ t ,d>ius ,codomannus w\ld d ! same2 & t1 !re=e1 !y mu/ n suff] him to take possession ( ,egypt4 ,he ev5 p]mits1 9 spee*es deliv]$ to great assemblies1 ! introduction ( p>ables & fables2 !y always /rike ! multitude4 ,he relates "s +5i\s ones1 :i* are ( ! highe/ antiquity1 z ! horse t implor$ ! assi/ance ( man to av5ge himself on ! /ag1 & became a slave ?r\gh hav+ s\ght a protector4 ,x may be rem>k$ t1 9 ! second book1 :]e he treats ( argu+ f ! great] to ! less1 he gives an example :i* pla9ly %[s :at 0 ! op9ion ( ,greece1 & probably ( ,asia1 respect+ ! ext5t ( ! p[] ( ! gods4 ,if1 says he1 x be true t ! gods !mselves1 enlight5$ z !y are1 _c "k ev]y?+1 mu* less c m54 ,?is passage cle>ly proves t omnisci5ce 0 n !n attribut$ to ! ,div9ity4 ,x 0 conceiv$ t ! gods c\ld n "k :at 0 n2 ! future 0 n1 !re=e x seem$ impossible t !y %\ld "k x4 ,?is is ! op9ion ( ! ,soc9ians at ! pres5t day4 ,b to return to ,ari/otle's ,rhetoric4 ,:at ,i %all *iefly rem>k on 9 8 book on elocution & diction is ! good s5se ) :i* he condemns ^? :o w\ld be poets 9 prose4 ,he w\ld h pa?os1 b he bani%es bomba/1 & proscribes useless epi!ts4 ,inde$1 ,demo/h5es & ,cic]o1 :o foll[$ 8 precepts1 nev] affect$ ! poetic /yle 9 _! spee*es4 ,! /yle1 says ,ari/otle1 mu/ always be con=mable to ! subject4 ,no?+ c be m misplac$ ?an to speak ( physics poetically1 & lavi% figure & ornam5t :]e !re %\ld be only me?od1 cle>ness1 & tru?4 ,x is ! quack]y ( a man :o w\ld pass (f false sy/ems "u cov] ( an empty noise ( words4 ,weak m9ds are caught by ! bait1 & /rong m9ds disda9 x4 ,among u ! fun]al oration has tak5 possession ( ! poetic /yle 9 prose2 b ?is bran* ( oratory1 consi/+ almo/ entirely ( exagg]ation1 seems privileg$ to borr[ ! ornam5ts ( poetry4 ,! writ]s ( romances h sometimes tak5 ?is lic5ce4 ,la ,calpr5de 01 ,i ?9k1 ! fir/ :o ?us transpos$ ! limits ( ! arts1 & abus$ ?is facility4 ,! au?or ( ,telema*us 0 p>don$ ?r\gh consid]ation = ,hom]1 :om he imitat$1 ?\gh he c\ld n make v]ses1 & /ill m 9 consid]ation ( 8 morality1 9 :i* he inf9itely surpasses ,hom]1 :o has none at all4 ,b he ow$ 8 popul>ity *iefly to ! criticism on ! pride ( ,l\is ,,xiv4 & ! h>%ness ( ,l\vois1 :i*1 x 0 ?\ght1 7 discov]able 9 ,telema*us4 ,be ?is z x may1 no?+ c be a bett] pro( ( ,ari/otle's good s5se & good ta/e ?an 8 hav+ assign$ to ev]y?+ its prop] place4 ,ari/otle on ,poetry4 ,:]e1 9 our mod]n nations1 %all we f9d a natural philosoph]1 a geometrician1 a metaphysician1 or ev5 a morali/ :o has spok5 well on ! subject ( poetry8 ,!y teem ) ! names ( ,hom]1 ,virgil1 ,sophocles1 ,ario/o1 ,tasso1 & s _m o!rs :o h *>m$ ! _w by ! h>moni\s productions ( _! g5ius1 b !y feel n _! beauties2 or if !y feel !m !y w\ld annihilate !m4 ,h[ ridicul\s is x 9 ,pascal to say3 ,z we say poetical beauty1 we %\ld likewise say geometrical beauty1 & m$ic9al beauty4 ,yet we d n say s1 & ! reason is t we well "k :at is ! object ( geometry1 & :at is ! object ( m$ic9e1 b we d n "k 9 :at ! peculi> *>m--:i* is ! object ( poetry--consi/s4 ,we "k n :at t natural model is :i* mu/ be imitat$2 & = want ( ?is k we h inv5t$ c]ta9 fanta/ic t]ms1 z age ( gold1 wond] ( ! age1 fatal wrea?1 fair />1 etc4 ,& ?is j>gon we call poetic beauty4 ,! pitifulness ( ?is passage is suffici5tly obvi\s4 ,we "k t !re is no?+ beautiful 9 a m$ic9e1 nor 9 ! prop]ties ( a triangle2 & t we apply ! t]m beautiful only to t :i* raises admiration 9 our m9ds & gives pleasure to our s5ses4 ,?us reasons ,ari/otle2 & ,pascal "h reasons v ill4 ,fatal wrea?1 fair />1 h nev] be5 poetic beauties4 ,if he wi%$ to "k :at is poetic beauty1 he _h only to read4 ,nicole wrote aga9/ ! /age1 ab\t :i* he _h n a s+le idea2 & 0 second$ by "o ,dubois1 :o 0 z ignorant ( ! belles lettres z himself4 ,ev5 ,montesquieu1 9 8 amus+ ,p]sian ,lett]s1 has ! petty vanity to ?9k t ,hom] & ,virgil are no?+ 9 comp>ison ) "o :o imitates ) _s & success ,dufrnoy's ,siamois1 & fills 8 book ) bold ass]tions1 )\t :i* x w\ld n h be5 read4 ,:at1 says he1 are epic poems8 ,i "k !m n4 ,i despise ! lyric z mu* z ,i e/eem ! tragic poets4 ,he %\ld n1 h[ev]1 h despis$ ,p9d> & ,horace q s mu*4 ,ari/otle did n despise ,p9d>4 ,desc>tes did1 x is true1 write = ,que5 ,*ri/9a a little div]tissem5t 9 v]se1 :i* 0 q wor?y ( 8 matire cannele4 ,malebran*e c\ld n di/+ui% ,corneille's ,qu'il m\rt f a l9e ( ,jodle's or ,g>ni]'s4 ,:at a man1 !n1 0 ,ari/otle1 :o trac$ ! rules ( trag$y ) ! same h& ) :i* he _h laid d[n ^? ( dialectics1 ( morals1 ( politics1 & lift$1 z f> z he f\nd x possible1 ! great veil ( nature6 ,to 8 f\r? *apt] on poetry ,boileau is indebt$ = ^! f9e l9es3 ,il n'e/ po9t de s]p5t1 ni de mon/re odieux ,qui1 p> l'art imit1 ne puisse plaire aux yeux4 ,d'un p9ceau dlicat l'artifice agrable ,du plus affreux object fait un objet aimable2 ,a9si1 p\r n\s *>m]1 la tragdie eut pleurs ,d'dipe t\t-sanglant fit p>l] les d\leurs4 ,ea* horrid %ape1 ea* object ( affright1 ,nice imitation tea*es to delight2 ,s does ! skilful pa9t]'s pleas+ art ,attractions to ! d>ke/ =m imp>t2 ,s does ! tragic ,muse1 dissolv$ 9 te>s4 ,) tales ( woe & sorr[ *>m our e>s4 ,ari/otle says3 ,imitation & h>mony h produc$ poetry4 ,we see t]rible animals1 dead or dy+ m51 9 a picture1 ) pleasure--objects :i* 9 nature w\ld inspire u only ) fe> & sorr[4 ,! bett] !y are imitat$ ! m complete is our satisfaction4 ,?is f\r? *apt] ( ,ari/otle's reappe>s almo/ entire 9 ,horace & ,boileau4 ,! laws :i* he gives 9 ! foll[+ *apt]s are at ?is day ^? ( our good writ]s1 except+ only :at relates to ! *oruses & music4 ,8 idea t trag$y 0 in/itut$ to purify ! passions has be5 w>mly combat$2 b if he meant1 z ,i believe he did1 t an ince/u\s love might be subdu$ by witness+ ! mis=tune ( ,phdra1 or ang] be repress$ by behold+ ! melan*oly example ( ,ajax1 !re is no long] any difficulty4 ,?is philosoph] expressly comm&s t !re be always ! h]oic 9 trag$y & ! ridicul\s 9 com$y4 ,?is is a rule f :i* x is1 p]haps1 n[ becom+ too cu/om>y to dep>t4 ,,arms--,,armies4 ,x is wor?y ( consid]ation t !re h be5 & /ill are1 ^u ! e>? societies )\t armies4 ,! ,brahm9s1 :o long gov]n$ ne>ly all ! great ,indian ,*]sonesus2 ! primitives1 call$ ,quak]s1 :o gov]n$ ,p5nsylvania2 "s ,am]ican tribes1 "s 9 ! c5tre ( ,africa1 ! ,samoy$es1 ! ,lapl&]s1 ! ,kam*adales1 h nev] m>*$ ) colors fly+ to de/roy _! neighbors4 ,! ,brahm9s 7 ! mo/ consid]able ( all ^! pacific nations2 _! ca/e1 :i* is s anci5t1 :i* is /ill exi/+1 & comp>$ ) :i* all o!r in/itutions are q rec5t1 is a prodigy :i* _c be suffici5tly admir$4 ,_! religion & _! policy always concurr$ 9 ab/a9+ f ! %$d+ ( blood1 ev5 ( t ( ! meane/ animal4 ,:]e su* is ! regime1 subjugation is easy2 !y h be5 subjugat$1 b h n *ang$4 ,! ,p5nsylvanians nev] _h an army2 !y always held w> 9 abhorr5ce4 ,sev]al ( ! ,am]ican tribes did n "k :at an army 0 until ! ,spani>ds came to ext]m9ate !m all4 ,! p on ! bord]s ( ! ,icy ,sea are ignorant alike ( armies1 ( ! god ( armies1 ( battalions1 & ( squadrons4 ,besides ^! populations1 ! prie/s & monks d n be> arms 9 any c\ntry--at lea/ :5 !y obs]ve ! laws ( _! in/itution4 ,x is only among ,*ri/ians t !re h be5 religi\s societies e/abli%$ = ! purpose ( fight+--z ! ,knights ,templ>s1 ! ,knights ( ,/4 ,john1 ! ,knights ( ! ,teutonic ,ord]1 ! ,knights ,swordbe>]s4 ,^! religi\s ord]s 7 in/itut$ 9 imitation ( ! ,levites1 :o f\ght l ! re/ ( ! ,jewi% tribes4 ,nei!r armies nor arms 7 ! same 9 antiquity z at pres5t4 ,! ,egyptians h>dly ev] _h cavalry4 ,x w\ld h be5 ( little use 9 a c\ntry int]sect$ by canals1 inundat$ dur+ five mon?s ( ! ye>1 & miry dur+ five m4 ,! inhabitants ( a great "p ( ,asia us$ *>iots ( w>4 ,!y are m5tion$ 9 ! annals ( ,*9a4 ,confucius says t 9 8 "t ea* gov]nor ( a prov9ce furni%$ to ! emp]or a ?\s& w> *>iots1 ea* drawn by f\r horses4 ,! ,greeks & ,trojans f\ght 9 *>iots drawn by two horses4 ,cavalry & *>iots 7 unkn[n to ! ,jews 9 a m\nta9\s tract1 :]e _! fir/ k+1 :5 he 0 elect$1 _h no?+ b %e-asses4 ,?irty sons ( ,jair1 pr9ces ( ?irty cities1 accord+ to ! text 7,judges1 x1 #d71 rode ea* ^u an ass4 ,saul1 aft]w>ds k+ ( ,judah1 _h only %e-asses2 & ! sons ( ,david all fl$ ^u mules :5 ,absalom _h sla9 8 bro!r ,amnon4 ,absalom 0 m\nt$ on a mule 9 ! battle :i* he f\ght aga9/ 8 fa!r's troops2 :i* proves1 accord+ to ! ,jewi% hi/orians1 ei!r t m>es 7 beg9n+ to be us$ 9 ,pale/9e1 or t !y 7 already ri* en\gh !re to buy mules f ! neighbor+ c\ntry4 ,! ,greeks made b little use ( cavalry4 ,x 0 *iefly ) ! ,mac$onian phalanx t ,alex&] ga9$ ! battles :i* laid ,p]sia at 8 feet4 ,x 0 ! ,roman infantry t subjugat$ ! great] "p ( ! _w4 ,at ! battle ( ,ph>salia1 ,cs> _h b "o ?\s& horsem54 ,x is n kn[n at :at "t ! ,indians & ! ,africans fir/ began to m>* elephants at ! head ( _! armies4 ,we _c read )\t surprise ( ,hannibal's elephants cross+ ! ,alps1 :i* 7 mu* h>d] to pass !n ?an !y are n[4 ,!re h long be5 disputes ab\t ! disposition ( ! ,greek & ,roman armies1 _! arms1 & _! evolutions4 ,ea* "o has giv5 8 plan ( ! battles ( ,zama & ,ph>salia4 ,! comm5tator ,calmet1 a ,b5$ict9e1 has pr9t$ ?ree great volumes ( 8 ,diction>y ( ! ,bible1 9 :i*1 ! bett] to expla9 ,god's comm&m5ts1 are ins]t$ a hundr$ engrav+s1 :]e y see plans ( battles & sieges 9 copp]-plate4 ,! ,god ( ! ,jews 0 ! ,god ( armies1 b ,calmet 0 n ,8 secret>y2 he _c h kn[n1 b by revelation1 h[ ! armies ( ! ,amalekites1 ! ,moabites1 ! ,syrians1 & ! ,phili/9es 7 arrang$ on ! days ( g5]al murd]4 ,^! plates ( c>nage1 design$ at a v5ture1 made 8 hook five or six l\is de>]1 b made x no bett]4 ,x is a great "q :e!r ! ,franks1 :om ! ,jesuit ,daniel calls ,fr5* by anticipation1 us$ b[s & arr[s 9 _! armies1 & :e!r !y _h helmets & cuirasses4 ,suppos+ t !y w5t to combat almo/ nak$1 & arm$1 z !y are said to h be51 ) only a small c>p5t]'s ax1 a sword1 & a knife1 we mu/ inf] t ! ,romans1 ma/]s ( ,gaul1 s easily conqu]$ by ,clovis1 _h lo/ all _! anci5t valor1 & t ! ,gauls 7 z will+ to be subject to a small numb] ( ,franks z to a small numb] ( ,romans4 ,w>like acc\trem5ts h s9ce *ang$1 z ev]y?+ else *anges4 ,9 ! days ( knights1 squires1 & v>lets1 ! arm$ =ces ( ,g]many1 ,france1 ,italy1 ,engl&1 & ,spa9 consi/$ almo/ entirely ( horsem51 :o1 z well z _! horses1 7 cov]$ ) /eel4 ,! infantry p]=m$ ! functions r ( pione]s ?an ( soldi]s4 ,b ! ,engli% always _h good ar*]s among _! foot1 :i* contribut$1 9 a great measure1 to _! ga9+ almo/ e battle4 ,:o w\ld believe t armies n[adays d b make exp]im5ts 9 natural philosophy8 ,a soldi] w\ld be mu* a/oni%$ if "s le>n$ man 7 to say to him3 ,my fri5d1 y are a bett] ma*9i/ ?an ,ar*im$es4 ,five p>ts ( saltpetre1 "o ( sulphur1 & "o ( c>bo ligneus h be5 sep>ately prep>$4 ,y\r saltpetre dissolv$1 well filt]$1 well evaporat$1 well cry/alliz$1 well turn$1 well dri$1 has be5 incorporat$ ) ! yell[ purifi$ sulphur4 ,^! two +r$i5ts1 mix$ ) p[d]$ *>coal1 h1 by means ( a little v9eg>1 or solution ( sal-ammoniac1 or ur9e1 =m$ l>ge balls1 :i* balls h be5 r$uc$ 9 pulv]em pyrium by a mill4 ,! effect ( ?is mixture is a dilatation1 :i* is ne>ly z f\r ?\s& to unity2 & ! lead 9 y\r b>rel exhibits ano!r effect1 :i* is ! product ( its bulk multipli$ by its velocity4 ,! fir/ :o discov]$ a "p ( ?is ma!matical secret 0 a ,b5$ict9e nam$ ,rog] ,bacon4 ,! inv5tion 0 p]fect$1 9 ,g]many1 9 ! f\rte5? c5tury1 by ano!r ,b5$ict9e nam$ ,s*w>tz4 ,s t y owe to two monks ! art ( be+ an excell5t murd]]1 :5 y aim well1 & y\r p[d] is good4 ,du ,cange has 9 va9 pret5d$ t1 9 #acch1 ! regi/]s ( ! ,*ambre des ,comptes1 at ,p>is1 m5tion a bill paid = gunp[d]4 ,d n believe x4 ,x 0 artill]y :i* is !re spok5 (--a "n atta*$ to anci5t z well z to mod]n w>like ma*9es4 ,gunp[d] entirely sup]s$$ ! ,greek fire1 ( :i* ! ,moors /ill made use4 ,9 f9e1 y are ! deposit>y ( an art1 :i* n only imitates ! ?und]1 b is also mu* m t]rible4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 no?+ b tru? 9 ?is spee*4 ,two monks h1 9 reality1 *ang$ ! face ( ! e>?4 ,be=e cannon 7 kn[n1 ! nor!rn nations _h subjugat$ ne>ly ! :ole hemisph]e1 & c\ld come aga91 l fami%+ wolves1 to seize ^u ! l&s z _! ance/ors _h done4 ,9 all armies1 ! victory1 & consequ5tly ! fate ( k+doms1 0 decid$ by bodily /r5g? & agility--a sort ( sangu9>y fury--a desp]ate /ruggle1 man to man4 ,intrepid m5 took t[ns by scal+ _! walls4 ,dur+ ! decl9e ( ! ,roman ,empire !re 0 h>dly m discipl9e 9 ! armies ( ! ,nor? ?an among c>nivor\s bea/s ru%+ on _! prey4 ,n[ a s+le fronti] =tress w\ld suffice to /op ! armies ( ,g5ghis or ,attila4 ,x is n long s9ce a victori\s army ( ,russians 7 unavailably consum$ be=e ,cu/r91 :i* is no?+ m ?an a little =tress 9 a m>%4 ,9 battle1 ! weake/ 9 body may1 ) well-direct$ artill]y1 prevail aga9/ ! /\te/4 ,at ! battle ( ,font5oy a few cannon 7 suffici5t to compel ! retreat ( ! :ole ,engli% column1 ?\gh x _h be5 ma/] ( ! field4 ,! combatants no long] close4 ,! soldi] has no long] t ardor1 t impetuosity1 :i* is r$\bl$ 9 ! heat ( action1 :5 ! fight is h& to h&4 ,/r5g?1 skill1 & ev5 ! temp] ( ! weapons1 are useless4 ,r>ely is a *>ge ) ! bayonet made 9 ! c\rse ( a w>1 ?\gh ! bayonet is ! mo/ t]rible ( weapons4 ,9 a pla91 frequ5tly surr\nd$ by r$\bts furni%$ ) heavy artill]y1 two armies advance 9 sil5ce1 ea* division tak+ ) x fly+ artill]y4 ,! fir/ l9es lire at "o ano!r & aft] "o ano!r3 !y are victims pres5t$ 9 turn to ! bullets4 ,squadrons at ! w+s are (t5 expos$ to a cannonad+ :ile wait+ = ! g5]al's ord]s4 ,!y :o fir/ tire ( ?is manuvre1 :i* gives no scope = ! display ( impetu\s brav]y1 disp]se & quit ! field2 & are ralli$1 if possible1 a few miles (f4 ,! victori\s enemies besiege a t[n1 :i* sometimes co/s !m m m51 money1 & "t ?an !y w\ld h lo/ by sev]al battles4 ,! progress made is r>ely rapid2 & at ! end ( five or six ye>s1 bo? sides1 be+ equally exhau/$1 are compell$ to make peace4 ,?us1 at all ev5ts1 ! inv5tion ( artill]y & ! new mode ( w>f>e h e/abli%$ among ! respective p[]s an equality :i* secures mank9d f deva/ations l ^? ( =m] times1 & !reby r5d]s w> less fatal 9 its consequ5ces1 ?\gh x is /ill prodigi\sly s4 ,! ,greeks 9 all ages1 ! ,romans 9 ! "t ( ,sulla1 & ! o!r nations ( ! we/ & s\?1 _h no /&+ army2 e citiz5 0 a soldi]1 & enroll$ himself 9 "t ( w>4 ,x is1 at ?is day1 precisely ! same 9 ,switz]l&4 ,g ?r\gh ! :ole c\ntry1 & y w n f9d a battalion1 except at ! "t ( ! reviews4 ,if x goes to w>1 y all at once see eighty ?\s& m5 9 arms4 ,^? :o usurp$ ! supreme p[] aft] ,sulla always _h a p]man5t =ce1 paid ) ! money ( ! citiz5s1 to keep ! citiz5s 9 subjection1 mu* m ?an to subjugate o!r nations4 ,! bi%op ( ,rome himself keeps a small army 9 8 pay4 ,:o1 9 ! "t ( ! apo/les1 w\ld h said t ! s]vant ( ! s]vants ( ,god %\ld h regim5ts1 & h !m 9 ,rome8 ,no?+ is s mu* fe>$ 9 ,engl& z a great /&+ army4 ,! janiss>ies h rais$ ! sultans to greatness1 b !y h also /rangl$ !m4 ,! sultans w\ld h avoid$ ! rope1 if in/ead ( ^! l>ge bodies ( troops1 !y _h e/abli%$ small ones4 ,,arot ,,& ,,m>ot4 ,,) ,a ,,%ort ,,review ,,( ,,! ,,koran4 ,?is article may s]ve to %[ h[ mu* ! mo/ le>n$ m5 may be deceiv$1 & to develop "s useful tru?s4 ,9 ! ,dictionnaire ,encyclopdique !re is ! foll[+ passage conc]n+ ,arot & ,m>ot3 ,^! are ! names ( two angels1 :o1 ! impo/or ,mahomet said1 _h be5 s5t f ,god to tea* man1 & to ord] him to ab/a9 f murd]1 false judgm5ts1 & excesses ( e k9d4 ,?is false prophet adds t a v beautiful woman1 hav+ invit$ ^! two angels to h] table1 made !m dr9k w9e1 ) :i* be+ heat$1 !y solicit$ h] z lov]s2 t %e feign$ to yield to _! passion1 provid$ !y w\ld fir/ tea* h] ! words by pron\nc+ :i* !y said x 0 easy to asc5d to heav52 t hav+ obta9$ f !m :at %e ask$1 %e w\ld n keep h] promise2 & t %e 0 !n tak5 up into heav51 :]e1 hav+ relat$ to ,god :at _h pass$1 %e 0 *ang$ into ! morn+ /> call$ ,lucif] or ,aurora1 & ! angels 7 sev]ely puni%$4 ,h5ce x 01 accord+ to ,mahomet1 t ,god took occasion to =bid w9e to m54 ,x w\ld be 9 va9 to seek 9 ! ,koran = a s+le ^w ( ?is absurd /ory & pret5d$ reason = ,mahomet's =bidd+ 8 foll[]s ! use ( w9e4 ,he =bids x only 9 ! second & fif? *apt]s4 ,!y w "q !e ab\t w9e & /rong liquors3 ?\ %alt answ]1 t x is a great s94 ,! j1 :o believe & d good works1 mu/ n be reproa*$ ) hav+ drunk1 & play$ at games ( *ance1 be=e games ( *ance 7 =bidd54 ,x is av]r$ by all ! ,mahometans t _! prophet =bade w9e & liquors solely to pres]ve _! heal? & prev5t qu>rels1 9 ! burn+ climate ( ,arabia4 ,! use ( any f]m5t$ liquor soon affects ! head1 & may de/roy bo? heal? & reason4 ,! fable ( ,arot & ,m>ot desc5d+ f heav51 & want+ to lie ) an ,arab woman1 aft] dr9k+ w9e ) h]1 is n 9 any ,mahometan au?or4 ,x is to be f\nd only among ! impo/ures :i* v>i\s ,*ri/ian writ]s1 m indiscreet ?an enlight5$1 h pr9t$ aga9/ ! ,mussulman religion1 ?r\gh a zeal :i* is n accord+ to k4 ,! names ( ,arot & ,m>ot are 9 no "p ( ! ,koran4 ,x is "o ,sylburgius :o says1 9 an old book :i* nobody reads1 t he ana!matizes ! angels ,arot1 ,m>ot1 ,safah1 & ,m]wah4 ,obs]ve1 k9d read]1 t ,safah & ,m]wah are two little hills ne> ,mecca2 s t our le>n$ ,sylburgius has tak5 two hills = two angels4 ,?us x 0 ) e writ] on ,mahometanism among u1 almo/ )\t exception1 until ! intellig5t ,rel& gave u cle> ideas ( ! ,mussulman belief1 & ! le>n$ ,sale1 aft] liv+ tw5ty-f\r ye>s 9 & ab\t ,arabia1 at l5g? enlight5$ u by 8 fai?ful translation ( ! ,koran1 & 8 mo/ in/ructive preface4 ,gagni] himself1 not)/&+ 8 ,arabic pr(essor%ip at ,ox=d1 has be5 pleas$ to put =? a few falsehoods conc]n+ ,mahomet1 z if we _h ne$ ( lies to ma9ta9 ! tru? ( our religion aga9/ a false prophet4 ,he gives u at full l5g? ,mahomet's j\rney ?r\gh ! sev5 heav5s on ! m>e ,alborac1 & ev5 v5tures to cite ! fifty-?ird sura or *apt]2 b nei!r 9 ?is fifty-?ird sura1 nor 9 any o!r1 is !re s mu* z an allusion to ?is pret5d$ j\rney ?r\gh ! heav5s4 ,?is /range /ory is relat$ by ,abulf$a1 sev5 hundr$ ye>s aft] ,mahomet4 ,x is tak51 he says1 f anci5t manuscripts :i* 7 curr5t 9 ,mahomet's "t4 ,b x is evid5t t !y 7 n ,mahomet's2 =1 aft] 8 dea?1 ,abubek] ga!r$ toge!r all ! leaves ( ! ,koran1 9 ! pres5ce ( all ! *iefs ( tribes1 & no?+ 0 ins]t$ 9 ! collection t did n appe> to be au!ntic4 ,besides1 ! *apt] conc]n+ ! j\rney to heav51 n only is n 9 ! ,koran1 b is 9 a v diff]5t /yle1 & is at lea/ f\r times z long z any ( ! receiv$ *apt]s4 ,comp>e all ! o!r *apt]s ( ! ,koran ) ?is1 & y w f9d a prodigi\s diff]5ce4 ,x beg9s ?us3 ,"o night1 ,i fell asleep betwe5 ! two hills ( ,safah & ,m]wah4 ,t night 0 v d>k1 b s /ill t ! dogs 7 n he>d to b>k1 nor ! cocks to cr[4 ,all at once1 ! angel ,gabriel appe>$ be=e me 9 ! =m 9 :i* ! ,mo/ ,high ,god creat$ him4 ,8 sk9 0 :ite z sn[4 ,8 fair hair1 admirably dispos$1 fell 9 r+lets ov] 8 %\ld]s2 8 =ehead 0 cle>1 maje/ic1 & s]5e1 8 tee? beautiful & %9+1 & 8 legs ( a saffron hue2 8 g>m5ts 7 glitt]+ ) pe>ls1 & ) ?read ( pure gold4 ,on 8 =ehead 0 a plate ( gold1 on :i* 7 writt5 two l9es1 brilliant & dazzl+ ) light2 9 ! fir/ 7 ^! words1 ',!re is no ,god b ,god'2 & 9 ! second ^!1 ',mahomet is ,god's ,apo/le4' ,on behold+ ?is1 ,i rema9$ ! mo/ a/oni%$ & confus$ ( m54 ,i obs]v$ ab\t him sev5ty ?\s& little boxes or bags ( musk & saffron4 ,he _h five hundr$ pairs ( w+s2 & ! di/ance f "o w+ to ano!r 0 five hundr$ ye>s' j\rney4 ,?us did ,gabriel appe> be=e me4 ,he t\*$ me1 & said1 ',arise1 ?\ sleep]6' ,i 0 seiz$ ) fe> & trembl+1 & />t+ up1 said to him1 ',:o art ?\8' ,he answ]$1 ',god h m]cy ^u !e6 ,i am ?y bro!r ,gabriel4' ',o my de>ly belov$ ,gabriel1' said ,i1 ',i ask ?y p>don2 is x a revelation ( some?+ new1 or is x "s afflict+ ?reat t ?\ br+e/ me8' ',x is some?+ new1' return$ he2 'rise1 my de>ly belov$1 & tie ?y mantle ov] ?y %\ld]s2 ?\ wilt h ne$ ( x1 = ?\ mu/ ?is night pay a visit to ?y ,"l4' ,s say+1 ,gabriel1 tak+ my h&1 rais$ me f ! gr\nd1 & hav+ m\nt$ me on ! m>e ,alborac1 l$ h] himself by ! bridle4 ,9 f9e1 x is av]r$ by ! ,mussulmans t ?is *apt]1 :i* has no au!nticity1 0 imag9$ by ,abu-,horarah1 :o is said to h be5 contempor>y ) ! prophet4 ,:at %\ld we say ( a ,turk :o %\ld come & insult our religion by tell+ u t we reckon among our sacr$ books ! lett]s ( ,/4 ,paul to ,s5eca1 & ,s5eca's lett]s to ,/4 ,paul2 ! acts ( ,pilate2 ! life ( ,pilate's wife2 ! lett]s ( ! pret5d$ ,k+ ,abg>us to ,jesus ,*ri/1 & ,jesus ,*ri/'s answ] to ! same2 ! /ory ( ,/4 ,pet]'s *all5ge to ,simon ! magician2 ! pr$ictions ( ! sibyls2 ! te/am5t ( ! twelve patri>*s2 & s _m o!r books ( ! same k9d8 ,we %\ld answ] ! ,turk by say+ t he 0 v ill in=m$ & t n "o ( ^! works 0 reg>d$ z au!ntic4 ,! ,turk w make ! same answ] to u1 :5 to conf\nd him we reproa* him ) ,mahomet's j\rney to ! sev5 heav5s4 ,he w tell u t ?is is no?+ m ?an a pi\s fraud ( latt] times1 & t ?is j\rney is n 9 ! ,koran4 ,assur$ly ,i am n "h comp>+ tru? ) error--,*ri/ianity ) ,mahometanism--! ,gospel ) ! ,koran2 b false tradition ) false tradition--abuse ) abuse--absurdity ) absurdity4 ,?is absurdity has be5 c>ri$ to su* a l5g? t ,grotius *>ges ,mahomet ) hav+ said t ,god's h&s are cold1 = he has felt !m2 t ,god is c>ri$ ab\t 9 a *air2 & t1 9 ,noah's ark1 ! rat 0 produc$ f ! elephant's dung1 & ! cat f ! lion's brea?4 ,grotius reproa*es ,mahomet ) hav+ imag9$ t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 tak5 up into heav5 in/ead ( suff]+ execution4 ,he =gets t !re 7 entire h]etical communions ( primitive ,*ri/ians :o spread ?is op9ion1 :i* 0 pres]v$ 9 ,syria & ,arabia until ,mahomet's "t4 ,h[ _m times has x be5 repeat$ t ,mahomet _h accu/om$ a pigeon to eat gra9 out ( 8 e>1 & made 8 foll[]s believe t ?is pigeon br\ght him messages f ,god8 ,is x n en\gh = u t we are p]suad$ ( ! fals5ess ( 8 sect1 & inv9cibly conv9c$ by fai? ( ! tru? ( our own1 )\t los+ our "t 9 calumniat+ ! ,mahometans1 :o h e/abli%$ !mselves f ,m\nt ,caucasus to ,m\nt ,atlas1 & f ! conf9es ( ,epirus to ! extremities ( ,india8 ,we are incessantly writ+ bad books aga9/ !m1 ( :i* !y "k no?+4 ,we cry out t _! religion has be5 embrac$ by s _m nations only because x flatt]s ! s5ses4 ,b :]e is ! s5suality 9 ord]+ ab/95ce f ! w9e & liquors 9 :i* we indulge to su* excess2 9 pron\nc+ to e "o an indisp5sable comm& to give to ! poor ea* ye> two & a half p] c5t1 ( 8 income1 to fa/ ) ! greate/ rigor1 to und]go a pa9ful op]ation 9 ! e>lie/ /age ( pub]ty1 to make1 ov] arid s&s a pilgrimage ( sometimes five hundr$ leagues1 & to pray to ,god five times a day1 ev5 :5 9 ! field8 ,b1 say y1 !y are all[$ f\r wives 9 ?is _w1 & 9 ! next !y w h cele/ial brides4 ,grotius expressly says3 ,x mu/ h requir$ a great %>e ( /upidity to admit rev]ies s gross & disgu/+4 ,we agree ) ,grotius t ! ,mahometans h be5 prodigal ( rev]ies4 ,! man :o 0 con/antly receiv+ ! *apt]s ( 8 ,koran f ! angel ,gabriel 0 worse ?an a vision>y2 he 0 an impo/or1 :o support$ 8 s$uctions by 8 c\rage2 b c]ta9ly !re is no?+ ei!r /upid or s5sual 9 r$uc+ to f\r ! unlimit$ numb] ( wives :om ! pr9ces1 ! satraps1 ! nabobs1 & ! omrahs ( ! ,ea/ kept 9 _! s]aglios4 ,x is said t ,solomon _h ?ree hundr$ wives & sev5 hundr$ concub9es4 ,! ,arabs1 l ! ,jews1 7 at lib]ty to m>ry two si/]s2 ,mahomet 0 ! fir/ :o =bade ^! m>riages4 ,:]e1 !n1 is ! grossness8 ,& ) reg>d to ! cele/ial brides1 :]e is ! impurity8 ,c]tes1 !re is no?+ impure 9 m>riage1 :i* is ackn[l$g$ to h be5 orda9$ on e>?1 & bless$ by ,god ,himself4 ,! incompreh5sible my/]y ( g5]ation is ! seal ( ! ,et]nal ,be+4 ,x is ! cle>e/ m>k ( ,8 p[] t ,he has creat$ pleasure1 & ?r\gh t v pleasure p]petuat$ all s5sible be+s4 ,if we consult our reason alone x w tell u t x is v likely t ! ,et]nal ,be+1 :o does no?+ 9 va91 w n cause u to rise aga9 ) our organs to no purpose4 ,x w n be unwor?y ( ! ,div9e ,maje/y to fe$ u ) delici\s fruits if he cause u to rise aga9 ) /oma*s to receive !m4 ,! ,holy ,scriptures in=m u t1 9 ! beg9n+1 ,god plac$ ! fir/ man & ! fir/ woman 9 a p>adise ( delights4 ,!y 7 !n 9 a /ate ( innoc5ce & glory1 incapable ( exp]i5c+ disease or dea?4 ,?is is ne>ly ! /ate 9 :i* ! j w be :51 aft] _! resurrection1 !y %all be = all et]nity :at our fir/ p>5ts 7 = a few days4 ,^?1 !n1 mu/ be p>don$1 :o h ?\ght t1 hav+ a body1 t body w be con/antly satisfi$4 ,our fa!rs ( ! ,*ur* _h no o!r idea ( ! heav5ly ,j]usalem4 ,/4 ,ir5u says1 ,!re ea* v9e %all be> t5 ?\s& bran*es1 ea* bran* t5 ?\s& clu/]s1 & ea* clu/] t5 ?\s& grapes4 ,sev]al fa!rs ( ! ,*ur* h1 inde$1 ?\ght t ! bless$ 9 heav5 w\ld enjoy all _! s5ses4 ,/4 ,?omas says t ! s5se ( see+ w be inf9itely p]fect2 t ! elem5ts w be s too2 t ! surface ( ! e>? w be transp>5t z glass1 ! wat] l cry/al1 ! air l ! heav5s1 & ! fire l ! />s4 ,/4 ,augu/9e1 9 8 ,*ri/ian ,doctr9e1 says t ! s5se ( he>+ w enjoy ! pleasures ( s++ & ( spee*4 ,"o ( our great ,italian !ologians1 nam$ ,piazza1 9 8 ,diss]tation on ,p>adise1 in=ms u t ! elect w =ev] s+ & play ! guit>3 ,!y w h1 says he1 ?ree nobilities--?ree advantages1 viz43 desire )\t excitem5t1 c>esses )\t wantonness1 & voluptu\sness )\t excess--tres nobilitates2 illecebra s9e titillatione1 bl&itia s9e mollitud9e1 et voluptas s9e exub]antia4 ,/4 ,?omas assures u t ! smell ( ! glorifi$ bodies w be p]fect1 & w n be dim9i%$ by p]spiration4 ,corporibus gloriosi s]it odor ultima p]fectione1 nullo modo p] humidum repressus4 ,?is "q has be5 pr(\ndly treat$ by a great _m o!r doctors4 ,su>ez1 9 8 ,wisdom1 ?us expresses himself conc]n+ ta/e3 ,x is n difficult = ,god purposely to make "s rapid humor act on ! organ ( ta/e4 ,non e/ ,deo difficile fac]e ut sapidus humor sit intra organum gu/us1 qui s5sum illum int5tionalit] affic]e4 ,&1 to conclude1 ,/4 ,prosp]1 recapitulat+ ! :ole1 pron\nces t ! bless$ %all f9d gratification )\t satiety1 & enjoy heal? )\t disease4 ,saturitas s9e fa/idio1 et tota sanitas s9e morbo4 ,x is n !n s mu* to be wond]$ at t ! ,mahometans h admitt$ ! use ( ! five s5ses 9 _! p>adise4 ,!y say t ! fir/ beatitude w be ! union ) ,god2 b ?is does n exclude ! re/4 ,mahomet's p>adise is a fable2 b2 once m be x obs]v$1 !re is 9 x nei!r contradiction nor impurity4 ,philosophy requires cle> & precise ideas1 :i* ,grotius _h n4 ,he quotes a great deal1 & makes a %[ ( reason+ :i* w n be> a close exam9ation4 ,! unju/ imputations ca/ on ! ,mahometans w\ld suffice to make a v l>ge book4 ,!y h subjugat$ "o ( ! l>ge/ & mo/ beautiful c\ntries ^u e>?2 to drive !m f x w\ld h be5 a f9] exploit ?an to abuse !m4 ,! empress ( ,russia supplies a great example4 ,%e takes f !m ,azov & ,tang>ok1 ,moldavia1 ,walla*ia1 & ,georgia2 %e pu%es h] conque/s to ! ramp>ts ( ,erz]um2 %e s5ds aga9/ !m fleets f ! remote/ p>ts ( ! ,baltic1 & o!rs cov]+ ! ,eux9e2 b %e does n say 9 h] manife/os t a pigeon :isp]$ 9 ,mahomet's e>4 ,,art ,,( ,,poetry4 ,a ,,man ,a man ( almo/ univ]sal le>n+--a man ev5 ( g5ius1 :o jo9s philosophy ) imag9ation1 uses1 9 8 excell5t article ,encyclop$ia1 ^! rem>kable words3 ,if we except ?is ,p]rault1 & "s o!rs1 ^: m]its ! v]sifi] ,boileau 0 n capable ( appreciat+4 ,?is philosoph] is "r 9 do+ ju/ice to ,claude ,p]rault1 ! le>n$ translator ( ,vitruvius1 a man useful 9 m arts ?an "o1 & to :om we are indebt$ = ! f9e front ( ! ,l\vre & = o!r great monum5ts2 b ju/ice %\ld also be r5d]$ to ,boileau4 ,_h he be5 only a v]sifi]1 he w\ld sc>cely h be5 kn[n2 he w\ld n h be5 "o ( ! few great m5 :o w h& d[n ! age ( ,l\is ,,xiv4 to po/]ity4 ,8 t>t satires1 8 f9e epi/les1 & above all1 8 art ( poetry1 are ma/]pieces ( reason+ z well z poetry--sap]e e/ pr9cipium et fons4 ,! art ( v]sify+ is1 inde$1 prodigi\sly difficult1 especially 9 our language1 :]e alex&r9es foll[ "o ano!r two by two2 :]e x is r>e to avoid monotony2 :]e x is absolutely necess>y to rhyme2 :]e noble & pleas+ rhymes are too limit$ 9 numb]2 & :]e a ^w out ( its place1 or a h>% syllable1 is suffici5t to spoil a happy ?\ght4 ,x is l danc+ 9 fett]s on a rope2 ! greate/ success is ( itself no?+4 ,boileau's art ( poetry is to be admir$1 because he always says true & useful ?+s 9 a pleas+ mann]1 because he always gives bo? precept & example1 & because he is v>i$1 pass+ ) p]fect ease1 & )\t ev] fail+ 9 purity ( language1 ,f grave to gay1 f lively to sev]e4 ,8 reputation among m5 ( ta/e is prov$ by ! fact t 8 v]ses are kn[n by he>t2 & to philosoph]s x mu/ be pleas+ to f9d t he is almo/ always 9 ! "r4 ,z we h spok5 ( ! pref]5ce :i* may sometimes be giv5 to ! mod]ns ov] ! anci5ts1 we w "h v5ture to presume t ,boileau's art ( poetry is sup]ior to t ( ,horace4 ,me?od is c]ta9ly a beauty 9 a didactic poem2 & ,horace has no me?od4 ,we d n m5tion ?is z a reproa*2 = 8 poem is a famili> epi/le to ! ,pisos1 & n a regul> "w l ! ,georgics3 b !re is ?is additional m]it 9 ,boileau1 a m]it = :i* philosoph]s %\ld give him cr$it4 ,! ,lat9 art ( poetry does n seem ne>ly s f9ely labor$ z ! ,fr5*4 ,horace expresses himself1 almo/ ?r\gh\t1 9 ! free & famili> tone ( 8 o!r epi/les4 ,he displays an extreme cle>ness ( und]/&+ & a ref9$ ta/e1 9 v]ses :i* are happy & spirit$1 b (t5 )\t connection1 & sometimes de/itute ( h>mony2 he has n ! elegance & correctness ( ,virgil4 ,8 "w is good1 b ,boileau's appe>s to be /ill bett]3 &1 if we except ! trag$ies ( ,rac9e1 :i* h ! sup]ior m]it ( treat+ ! passions & surm\nt+ all ! difficulties ( ! /age1 ,despraux's ,art ( ,poetry is1 indisputably1 ! poem t does mo/ honor to ! ,fr5* language4 ,x is lam5table :5 philosoph]s are enemies to poetry4 ,lit]ature %\ld be l ! h\se ( ,mc5as--e/ locus unicuique suus4 ,! au?or ( ! ,p]sian ,lett]s--s easy to write & among :i* "s are v pretty1 o!rs v bold1 o!rs indiff]5t1 & o!rs frivol\s--?is au?or1 ,i say1 ?\gh o!rwise mu* to be recomm5d$1 yet hav+ nev] be5 able to make v]ses1 al?\gh he possesses imag9ation & (t5 sup]iority ( /yle1 makes himself am5ds by say+ t contempt is heap$ ^u poetry1 t lyric poetry is h>moni\s extravagance4 ,?us d m5 (t5 seek to depreciate ! tal5ts :i* !y _c atta94 ,we _c rea* x1 says ,montaigne2 let u rev5ge ourselves by speak+ ill ( x4 ,b ,montaigne1 ,montesquieu's pr$ecessor & ma/] 9 imag9ation & philosophy1 ?\ght v diff]5tly ( poetry4 ,_h ,montesquieu be5 z j z he 0 witty1 he c\ld n b h felt t sev]al ( our f9e odes & good op]as are wor? inf9itely m ?an ! pleasantries ( ,rica to ,usbeck1 imitat$ f ,dufrnoy's ,siamois1 & ! details ( :at pass$ 9 ,usbeck's s]aglio at ,ispahan4 ,we %all speak m fully ( ?is too frequ5t inju/ice1 9 ! article on ,criticism4 ,,arts--,,f9e ,,arts4 ,,article ,,d$icat$ ,,to ,,! ,,k+ ,,( ,,prussia4 ,sire3 ,! small society ( amateurs1 a "p ( :om are labor+ at ^! rhapsodies at ,m\nt ,krapak1 w say no?+ to y\r maje/y on ! art ( w>4 ,x is h]oic1 or--x may be--an abom9able art4 ,if !re 7 any?+ f9e 9 x1 we w\ld tell y\r maje/y1 )\t fe> ( contradiction1 t y are ! f9e/ man 9 ,europe4 ,y "k1 sire1 ! f\r ages ( ! arts4 ,almo/ ev]y?+ sprung up & 0 br\ght to p]fection "u ,l\is ,,xiv42 aft] :i* _m ( ^! arts1 bani%$ f ,france1 w5t to embelli% & enri* ! re/ ( ,europe1 at ! fatal p]iod ( ! de/ruction ( ! celebrat$ edict ( ,h5ry ,,iv4--pron\nc$ irrevocable1 yet s easily revok$4 ,?us1 ! greate/ injury :i* ,l\is ,,xiv4 c\ld d to himself did good to o!r pr9ces aga9/ 8 w3 ?is is prov$ by :at y h said 9 y\r hi/ory ( ,br&5burg4 ,if t mon>* 7 kn[n only f 8 bani%m5t ( six or sev5 hundr$ ?\s& useful citiz5s--f 8 irruption into ,holl&1 :5ce he 0 soon =c$ to retreat--f 8 greatness1 :i* /ay$ him at ! bank1 :ile 8 troops 7 swimm+ across ! ,rh9e2 if !re 7 no o!r monum5ts ( 8 glory ?an ! prologues to 8 op]as1 foll[$ by ! battle ( ,ho*/et1 8 p]son & 8 reign w\ld g d[n to po/]ity ) b little clat4 ,b ! enc\ragem5t ( all ! f9e arts by 8 ta/e & munific5ce2 ! conf]r+ ( s _m b5efits on ! lit]>y m5 ( o!r c\ntries2 ! rise ( 8 k+dom's comm]ce at 8 voice2 ! e/abli%m5t ( s _m manufactories2 ! build+ ( s _m f9e citadels2 ! con/ruction ( s _m admirable ports2 ! union ( ! two seas by imm5se labor1 etc41 /ill oblige ,europe to reg>d ,l\is ,,xiv4 & 8 age ) respect4 ,&1 above all1 ^? great m51 unique 9 e bran* ( art & sci5ce1 :om nature !n produc$ at "o "t1 w r5d] 8 reign et]nally memorable4 ,! age 0 great] ?an ,l\is ,,xiv41 b x %$ its glory ^u him4 ,emulation 9 art has *ang$ ! face ( ! cont95t1 f ! ,pyr5ees to ! icy sea4 ,!re is h>dly a pr9ce 9 ,g]many :o has n made useful & glori\s e/abli%m5ts4 ,:at h ! ,turks done = glory8 ,no?+4 ,!y h ravag$ ?ree empires & tw5ty k+doms2 b any "o city ( anci5t ,greece w always h a great] reputation ?an all ! ,ottoman cities toge!r4 ,see :at has be5 done 9 ! c\rse ( a few ye>s at ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 :i* 0 a bog at ! beg9n+ ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,all ! arts are !re assembl$1 :ile 9 ! c\ntry ( ,orpheus1 ,l9us1 & ,hom]1 !y are annihilat$4 ,t ! ,rec5t ,bir? ( ! ,arts does n ,prove ! ,rec5t ,=mation ( ! ,globe4 ,all philosoph]s h ?\ght matt] et]nal2 b ! arts appe> to be new4 ,ev5 ! art ( mak+ bread is ( rec5t orig94 ,! fir/ ,romans ate boil$ gra92 ^? conqu]ors ( s _m nations _h nei!r w9dmills nor wat]mills4 ,?is tru? seems1 at fir/ sight1 to controv]t ! doctr9e ( ! antiquity ( ! globe z x n[ is1 or to suppose t]rible revolutions 9 x4 ,irruptions ( b>b>ians c h>dly annihilate arts :i* h become necess>y4 ,suppose t an army ( negroes 7 to come ^u u1 l locu/s1 f ! m\nta9s ( s\!rn ,africa1 ?r\gh ,monomotapa1 ,monomugi1 etc41 trav]s+ ,abyss9ia1 ,nubia1 ,egypt1 ,syria1 ,asia ,m9or1 & all ,europe1 ravag+ & ov]turn+ ev]y?+ 9 its way2 !re w\ld /ill be a few bak]s1 tailors1 %oemak]s1 & c>p5t]s left2 ! necess>y arts w\ld revive2 luxury alone w\ld be annihilat$4 ,su* 0 ! case at ! fall ( ! ,roman ,empire2 ev5 ! art ( writ+ became v r>e2 ne>ly all ^? arts :i* contribut$ to r5d] life agreeable 7 = a long "t ext9ct4 ,n[1 we are inv5t+ new ones e day4 ,f all ?is1 no well-gr\nd$ inf]5ce c be drawn aga9/ ! antiquity ( ! globe4 ,=1 suppos+ t a flood ( b>b>ians _h entirely swept away ! arts ( writ+ & mak+ bread2 suppos+ ev5 t we _h _h bread1 or p5s1 ink1 & pap]1 only = t5 ye>s--! c\ntry :i* c\ld exi/ = t5 ye>s )\t eat+ bread or writ+ d[n its ?\ghts c\ld exi/ = an age1 or a hundr$ ?\s& ages1 )\t ^! helps4 ,x is q cle> t man & ! o!r animals c v well subsi/ )\t bak]s1 )\t romance-writ]s1 & )\t div9es1 z witness ,am]ica1 & z witness also ?ree-f\r?s ( our own cont95t4 ,! rec5t bir? ( ! arts among u does n prove ! rec5t =mation ( ! globe1 z 0 pret5d$ by ,epicurus1 "o ( our pr$ecessors 9 rev]ie1 :o suppos$ t1 by *ance1 ! decl9ation ( atoms "o day =m$ our e>?4 ,pomponatius us$ to say3 ,se il mondo non et]no1 p] tutti santi molto vec*io--,if ?is _w be n et]nal1 by all ! sa9ts1 x is v old4 ,slight ,inconv5i5ces ,atta*$ to ! ,arts4 ,^? :o h&le lead & quicksilv] are subject to dang]\s colics1 & v s]i\s affections ( ! n]ves4 ,^? :o use p5 & ink are attack$ by v]m91 :i* !y h cont9ually to %ake (f2 ^! v]m9 are "s ex-,jesuits1 :o employ !mselves 9 manufactur+ libels4 ,y1 ,sire1 d n "k ?is race ( animals2 !y are driv5 f y\r /ates1 z well z f ^? ( ! empress ( ,russia1 ! k+ ( ,sw$51 & ! k+ ( ,d5m>k1 my o!r protectors4 ,! ex-,jesuits ,polian & ,nonotte1 :o l me cultivate ! f9e arts1 p]secute me ev5 unto ,m\nt ,krapak1 cru%+ me "u ! weight ( _! reputation1 & t ( _! g5ius1 ! specific gravity ( :i* is /ill great]4 ,unless y\r maje/y v\*safe to assi/ me aga9/ ^! great m51 ,i am undone4 ,,asmodeus4 ,no "o at all v]s$ 9 antiquity is ignorant t ! ,jews knew no?+ ( ! angels b :at !y glean$ f ! ,p]sians & ,*aldans1 dur+ captivity4 ,x 0 !y1 :o1 accord+ to ,calmet1 taught !m t !re are sev5 pr9cipal angels be=e ! ?rone ( ! ,"l4 ,!y also taught !m ! names ( ! devils4 ,he :om we call ,asmodeus1 0 nam$ ,ha%moda or ,*ammada4 ,we "k1 says ,calmet1 t !re are v>i\s sorts ( devils1 "s ( !m pr9ces & ma/]-demons1 ! re/ subalt]ns4 ,h[ 0 x t ?is ,ha%moda 0 suffici5tly p[]ful to twi/ ! necks ( sev5 "y m5 :o successively esp\s$ ! beautiful ,s>ah1 a native ( ,rages1 fifte5 leagues f ,ecbatana8 ,! ,m$es mu/ h be5 sev5 times z great z ! ,p]sians4 ,! good pr9ciple gives a husb& to ?is maid52 & behold6 ! bad pr9ciple1 ?is k+ ( demons1 ,ha%moda1 de/roys ! "w ( ! b5efic5t pr9ciple sev5 times 9 succession4 ,b ,s>ah 0 a ,jewess1 daught] ( ! ,jew ,raguel1 & a captive 9 ! c\ntry ( ,ecbatana4 ,h[ c\ld a ,m$ian demon h su* p[] ov] ,jewi% bodies8 ,x has be5 ?\ght t ,asmodeus or ,*ammada 0 a ,jew likewise2 t he 0 ! old s]p5t :i* _h s$uc$ ,eve2 & t he 0 passionately fond ( wom51 sometimes s$uc+ !m1 & sometimes kill+ _! husb&s ?r\gh an excess ( love & jeal\sy4 ,inde$ ! ,greek v]sion ( ! ,book ( ,tobit gives u to und]/& t ,asmodeus 0 9 love ) ,s>ah--oti daimonion philei aute94 ,x 0 ! op9ion ( all ! le>n$ ( antiquity t ! g5ii1 :e!r good or evil1 _h a great incl9ation = our virg9s1 & ! fairies = our y\?s4 ,ev5 ! ,scriptures1 accommodat+ !mselves to our weakness1 & condesc5d+ to speak 9 ! language ( ! vulg>1 say1 figuratively1 t ! sons ( ,god saw ! daught]s ( m51 t !y 7 fair2 & !y took !m wives ( all :i* !y *ose4 ,b ! angel ,raphael1 ! conductor ( "y ,tobit1 gives him a reason m wor?y ( 8 m9i/ry1 & bett] calculat$ to enlight5 ! p]son :om he is guid+4 ,he tells him t ,s>ah's sev5 husb&s 7 giv5 up to ! cruelty ( ,asmodeus1 only because1 l horses or mules1 !y _h m>ri$ h] = _! pleasure alone4 ,h] husb&1 says ! angel1 mu/ obs]ve cont95ce ) h] = ?ree days1 dur+ :i* "t !y mu/ pray to ,god toge!r4 ,?is in/ruction w\ld seem to h be5 q suffici5t to keep (f ,asmodeus2 b ,raphael adds t x is also necess>y to h ! he>t ( a fi% grill$ ov] burn+ coals4 ,:y1 !n1 0 n ?is infallible secret aft]w>ds resort$ to 9 ord] to drive ! devil f ! bodies ( wom58 ,:y did ! apo/les1 :o 7 s5t on purpose to ca/ out devils nev] lay a fi%'s he>t ^u ! gridiron8 ,:y 0 n ?is exp$i5t made use ( 9 ! affair ( ,m>?a ,brossi]2 t ( ! nuns ( ,l\dun2 t ( ! mi/resses ( ,urban ,g&i]2 t ( ,la ,cadire2 t ( ,fa!r ,gir>d2 & ^? ( a ?\s& o!r demoniacs 9 ! times :5 !re 7 demoniacs8 ,! ,greeks & ,romans1 :o _h s _m philt]s :]e) to make !mselves belov$1 _h o!rs to cure love2 !y employ$ h]bs & roots4 ,! agnus ca/us _h great reputation4 ,! mod]ns h adm9i/]$ x to "y nuns1 on :om x has _h b little effect4 ,apollo1 long ago1 compla9$ to ,daphne t1 physician z he 01 he _h nev] yet met ) a simple t w\ld cure love3 ,heu mihi6 quod nullis amor e/ m$icabilis h]bis4 ,:at balm c heal ! w\nds t love has made8 ,! smoke ( sulphur 0 tri$2 b ,ovid1 :o 0 a great ma/]1 decl>es t ?is recipe 0 useless3 ,nec fugiat viro sulphure victus amor4 ,sulphur--believe me--drives n love away4 ,! smoke f ! he>t or liv] ( a fi% 0 m efficaci\s aga9/ ,asmodeus4 ,! rev]5d fa!r ,calmet is consequ5tly 9 great tr\ble1 be+ unable to compreh5d h[ ?is fumigation c\ld act ^u a pure _s4 ,b he might h tak5 c\rage f ! recollection t all ! anci5ts gave bodies to ! angels & demons4 ,!y 7 v sl5d] bodies2 z light z ! small p>ticles t rise f a broil$ fi%2 !y 7 l smoke2 & ! smoke f a fri$ fi% act$ ^u !m by sympa?y4 ,n only did ,asmodeus flee1 b ,gabriel w5t & *a9$ him 9 ,upp] ,egypt1 :]e he /ill is4 ,he dwells 9 a grotto ne> ! city ( ,saata or ,taata4 ,paul ,lucas saw & spoke to him4 ,!y cut ?is s]p5t 9 pieces1 & ! pieces imm$iately jo9$ aga94 ,to ?is fact ,calmet cites ! te/imony ( ,paul ,lucas1 :i* te/imony ,i mu/ also cite4 ,x is ?\ght t ,paul ,lucas's !ory may be jo9$ ) t ( ! vampires1 9 ! next compilation ( ! ,abb ,guyon4 ,,asphaltus4 ,,asphaltic ,,lake4--,,sodom4 ,asphaltus is a ,*aldan ^w1 signify+ a species ( bitum54 ,!re is a great deal ( x 9 ! c\ntries wat]$ by ! ,euphrates2 x is also to be f\nd 9 ,europe1 b ( a bad quality4 ,an exp]im5t 0 made by cov]+ ! tops ( ! wat*-h\ses on ea* side ( "o ( ! gates ( ,g5eva2 ! cov]+ did n la/ a ye>1 & ! m9e has be5 ab&on$4 ,h[ev]1 :5 mix$ ) ros91 x may be us$ = l9+ ci/]ns2 p]haps x w "s day be appli$ to a m useful purpose4 ,! real asphaltus is t :i* 0 obta9$ 9 ! vic9ity ( ,babylon1 & ) :i* x is said t ! ,greek fire 0 f$4 ,sev]al lakes are full ( asphaltus1 or a bitum5 resembl+ x1 z o!rs are /rongly impregnat$ ) nitre4 ,!re is a great lake ( nitre 9 ! des]t ( ,egypt1 :i* ext5ds f lake ,mris to ! entrance ( ! ,delta2 & x has no o!r "n ?an ! ,nitre ,lake4 ,! ,lake ,asphaltites1 kn[n by ! "n ( ,sodom1 0 long fam$ = its bitum52 b ! ,turks n[ make no use ( x1 ei!r because ! m9e "u ! wat] is dim9i%$1 because its quality is alt]$1 or because !re is too mu* difficulty 9 draw+ x f "u ! wat]4 ,oily p>ticles ( x1 & sometimes l>ge masses1 sep>ate & float on ! surface2 ^! are ga!r$ toge!r1 mix$ up1 & sold = balm ( ,mecca4 ,flavius ,josephus1 :o 0 ( t c\ntry1 says t1 9 8 "t1 !re 7 no fi% 9 ! lake ( ,sodom1 & ! wat] 0 s light t ! heavie/ bodies w\ld n g to ! bottom4 ,x seems t he meant to say s heavy in/ead ( s light4 ,x w\ld appe> t he _h n made ! exp]im5t4 ,aft] all1 a /agnant wat]1 impregnat$ ) salts & compact matt]1 its specific matt] be+ !n great] ?an t ( ! body ( a man or a bea/1 might =ce x to float4 ,josephus's error consi/s 9 assign+ a false cause to a ph5om5on :i* may be p]fectly true4 ,z = ! want ( fi%1 x is n incr$ible4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 likely t ?is lake1 :i* is fifty or sixty miles long1 is n all asphaltic1 & t :ile receiv+ ! wat]s ( ! ,jordan x also receives ! fi%es ( t riv]2 b p]haps ! ,jordan1 too1 is )\t fi%1 & !y are to be f\nd only 9 ! upp] lake ( ,tib]ias4 ,josephus adds1 t ! trees :i* gr[ on ! bord]s ( ! ,dead ,sea be> fruits ( ! mo/ beautiful appe>ance1 b :i* fall into du/ if y attempt to ta/e !m4 ,?is is less probable2 & disposes "o to believe t ,josephus ei!r _h n be5 on ! spot1 = has exagg]at$ accord+ to 8 own & 8 c\ntrym5's cu/om4 ,no soil seems m calculat$ to produce good z well z beautiful fruits ?an a salt & sulphur\s "o1 l t ( ,naples1 ( ,catania1 & ( ,sodom4 ,! ,holy ,scriptures speak ( five cities be+ de/roy$ by fire f heav54 ,on ?is occasion natural philosophy be>s te/imony 9 favor ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 al?\gh ! latt] has no ne$ ( x1 & !y are sometimes at v>iance4 ,we h in/ances ( e>?quakes1 accompani$ by ?und] & lightn+1 :i* h de/roy$ mu* m consid]able t[ns ?an ,sodom & ,gomorrah4 ,b ! ,riv] ,jordan necess>ily dis*>g+ itself into ?is lake )\t an outlet1 ?is ,dead ,sea1 9 ! same mann] z ! ,caspian1 mu/ h exi/$ z long z !re has be5 a ,riv] ,jordan2 !re=e1 ^! t[ns c\ld nev] /& on ! spot n[ occupi$ by ! lake ( ,sodom4 ,! ,scripture1 too1 says no?+ at all ab\t ?is gr\nd be+ *ang$ into a lake2 x says q ! contr>y3 ,!n ! ,"l ra9$ ^u ,sodom & ^u ,gomorrah brim/one & fire1 f ! ,"l out ( heav54 ,& ,abraham got up e>ly 9 ! morn+1 & he look$ t[>d ,sodom & ,gomorrah1 & t[>d all ! l& ( ! pla91 & beheld2 & lo1 ! smoke ( ! c\ntry w5t up z ! smoke ( a furnace4 ,^! five t[ns1 ,sodom1 ,gomorrah1 ,zebo91 ,adamah1 & ,segor1 mu/ !n h be5 situat$ on ! bord]s ( ! ,dead ,sea4 ,h[1 x w be ask$1 9 a des]t s un9habitable z x n[ is1 :]e !re are to be f\nd only a few hordes ( plund]+ ,arabs1 c\ld !re be five cities1 s opul5t z to be imm]s$ 9 luxury1 & ev5 9 ^? %ameful pleasures :i* are ! la/ effect ( ! ref9em5t ( ! debau*]y atta*$ to weal?8 ,x may be answ]$ t ! c\ntry 0 !n mu* bett]4 ,o!r critics w say--h[ c\ld five t[ns exi/ at ! extremities ( a lake1 ! wat] ( :i*1 be=e _! de/ruction1 0 n potable8 ,! ,scripture itself in=ms u t all ?is l& 0 asphaltic be=e ! burn+ ( ,sodom3 ,& ! vale ( ,sodom 0 full ( slime-pits2 & ! k+s ( ,sodom & ,gomorrah fl$ & fell !re4 ,ano!r objection is also /at$4 ,isaiah & ,j]emiah say t ,sodom & ,gomorrah %all nev] be rebuilt2 b ,/eph51 ! geograph]1 speaks ( ,sodom & ,gomorrah on ! coa/ ( ! ,dead ,sea2 & ! ,hi/ory ( ! ,c\ncils m5tions bi%ops ( ,sodom & ,segor4 ,to ?is x may be answ]$ t ,god fill$ ^! t[ns1 :5 rebuilt1 ) less guilty inhabitants2 = at t "t !re 0 no bi%op 9 p>tibus4 ,b1 x w be said1 ) :at wat] c\ld ^! new inhabitants qu5* _! ?ir/8 ,all ! wells are bracki%2 y f9d asphaltus & corrosive salt on fir/ /rik+ a spade into ! gr\nd4 ,x w be answ]$ t "s ,arabs /ill subsi/ !re1 & may be habituat$ to dr9k+ v bad wat]2 t ! ,sodom & ,gomorrah ( ! ,ea/]n ,empire 7 wret*$ hamlets1 & t at t "t !re 7 _m bi%ops ^: :ole diocese consi/$ 9 a poor village4 ,x may also be said t ! p :o coloniz$ ^! villages prep>$ ! asphaltus1 & c>ri$ on a useful trade 9 x4 ,! arid & burn+ des]t1 ext5d+ f ,segor to ! t]ritory ( ,j]usalem1 produces balm & aromatic h]bs = ! same reason t x supplies naph?a1 corrosive salt & sulphur4 ,x is said t petrifaction takes place 9 ?is des]t ) a/oni%+ rapidity2 & ?is1 accord+ to "s natural philosoph]s1 makes ! petrifaction ( ,lot's wife ,edi? a v plausible /ory4 ,b x is said t ?is woman1 hav+ look$ back1 became a pill> ( salt4 ,?is1 !n1 0 n a natural petrifaction1 op]at$ by asphaltus & salt1 b an evid5t miracle4 ,flavius ,josephus says t he saw ?is pill>4 ,/4 ,ju/9 & ,/4 ,ir5u speak ( x z a prodigy1 :i* 9 _! "t 0 /ill exi/+4 ,^! te/imonies h be5 look$ ^u z ridicul\s fables4 ,x w\ld1 h[ev]1 be v natural = "s ,jews to amuse !mselves ) cutt+ a heap ( asphaltus into a rude figure1 & call+ x ,lot's wife4 ,i h se5 ci/]ns ( asphaltus1 v well made1 :i* may la/ a long "t4 ,b x mu/ be own$ t ,/4 ,ir5u goes a little too f> :5 he says t ,lot's wife rema9$ 9 ! c\ntry ( ,sodom no long] 9 corruptible fle%1 b z a p]man5t /atue ( salt1 h] fem99e nature /ill produc+ ! ord9>y effect3 ,uxor remansit 9 ,sodomis1 jam non c>o corruptibilis s$ /atua salis semp] man5s1 et p] naturalia ea qusunt consuetudmis hom9is o/5d5s4 ,/4 ,ir5u does n seem to express himself ) all ! precision ( a good naturali/ :5 he says ,lot's wife is no long] ( corruptible fle%1 b /ill reta9s h] fem99e nature4 ,9 ! poem ( ,sodom1 attribut$ to ,t]tullian1 ?is is express$ ) /ill great] en]gy3 ,dicitur et viv5s alio sub corpore se u1 ,mirifice solito dispung]e sangu9e m5ses4 ,?is 0 translat$ by a poet ( ! "t ( ,h5ry ,,ii41 9 8 ,gallic /yle3 ,la femme ,lo?1 quoique sel dev5ue1 ,e/ femme encore2 c> elle a sa m5/rue4 ,! l& ( aromatics 0 also ! l& ( fables4 ,into ! des]ts ( ,arabia ,petra ! anci5t my?ologi/s pret5d t ,myrrha1 ! gr&daught] ( a /atue1 fl$ aft] committ+ ince/ ) h] fa!r1 z ,lot's daught]s did ) !irs1 & t %e 0 metamorphos$ into ! tree t be>s myrrh4 ,o!r pr(\nd my?ologi/s assure u t %e fl$ into ,arabia ,felix2 & ?is op9ion is z well support$ z ! o!r4 ,be ?is z x may1 n "o ( our travell]s has yet ?\ght fit to exam9e ! soil ( ,sodom1 ) its asphaltus1 its salt1 its trees & _! fruits1 to weigh ! wat] ( ! lake1 to analyze x1 to asc]ta9 :e!r bodies ( great] specific gravity ?an common wat] float ^u its surface1 & to give u a fai?ful acc\nt ( ! natural hi/ory ( ! c\ntry4 ,our pilgrims to ,j]usalem d n c>e to g & make ^! rese>*es2 ?is des]t has become infe/$ by w&]+ ,arabs1 :o range z f> z ,damascus1 & retire into ! cav]ns ( ! m\nta9s1 ! au?ority ( ! pa%a ( ,damascus hav+ hi!rto be5 inadequate to repress !m4 ,?us ! curi\s h b little in=mation ab\t any?+ conc]n+ ! ,asphaltic ,lake4 ,z to ,sodom1 x is a melan*oly reflection = ! le>n$ t1 among s _m :o may be deem$ natives1 n "o has furni%$ u ) any notion :atev] ( ?is capital city4 ,,ass4 ,we w add a little to ! article ,ass 9 ! ,encyclopdia1 conc]n+ ,lucian's ass1 :i* became gold5 9 ! h&s ( ,apuleius4 ,! pleasante/ "p ( ! adv5ture1 h[ev]1 is 9 ,lucian3 ,t a lady fell 9 love ) ?is g5tleman :ile he 0 an ass1 b w\ld h no?+ m to say to him :5 he 0 b a man4 ,^! metamorphoses 7 v common ?r\gh\t antiquity4 ,sil5us's ass _h spok52 & ! le>n$ _h ?\ght t he expla9$ himself 9 ,arabic2 = he 0 probably a man turn$ into an ass by ! p[] ( ,bac*us1 & ,bac*us1 we "k1 0 an ,arab4 ,virgil speaks ( ! trans=mation ( ,mris into a wolf1 z a ?+ ( v ord9>y occurr5ce3 ,saepe lupum fi]i ,mrim1 et se cond]e silvis4 ,(t *ang$ to wolf1 he seeks ! =e/ %ade4 ,0 ?is doctr9e ( metamorphoses d]iv$ f ! old fables ( ,egypt1 :i* gave out t ! gods _h *ang$ !mselves into animals 9 ! w> aga9/ ! giants8 ,! ,greeks1 great imitators & improv]s ( ! ,ori5tal fables1 metamorphos$ almo/ all ! gods into m5 or into bea/s1 to make !m succe$ ! bett] 9 _! amor\s designs4 ,if ! gods *ang$ !mselves into bulls1 horses1 swans1 doves1 etc41 :y %\ld n m5 h und]gone ! same op]ation8 ,sev]al comm5tators1 =gett+ ! respect due to ! ,holy ,scriptures1 h cit$ ! example ( ,nebu*adnezz> *ang$ into an ox2 b ?is 0 a miracle--a div9e v5geance--a ?+ q out ( ! c\rse ( nature1 :i* ought n to be exam9$ ) pr(ane eyes1 & _c become an object ( our rese>*es4 ,o!rs ( ! le>n$1 p]haps ) equal indiscretion1 avail !mselves ( :at is relat$ 9 ! ,gospel ( ! ,infancy4 ,an ,egyptian maid5 hav+ ent]$ ! *amb] ( "s wom51 saw !re a mule ) a silk5 clo? ov] 8 back1 & an ebony p5dant at 8 neck4 ,^! wom5 7 9 te>s1 kiss+ him & giv+ him to eat4 ,! mule 0 _! own bro!r4 ,"s sorc]esses _h depriv$ him ( ! human figure2 b ! ,ma/] ( ,nature soon re/or$ x4 ,al?\gh ?is gospel is apocryphal1 ! v "n t x be>s prev5ts u f exam9+ ?is adv5ture 9 detail2 only x may s]ve to %[ h[ mu* metamorphoses 7 9 vogue almo/ ?r\gh\t ! e>?4 ,! ,*ri/ians :o compos$ _! gospel 7 und\bt$ly hone/ m54 ,!y did n seek to fabricate a romance2 !y relat$ ) simplicity :at !y _h he>d4 ,! *ur*1 :i* aft]w>ds reject$ _! gospel1 toge!r ) =ty-n9e o!rs1 did n accuse its au?ority ( impiety & prev>ication2 ^? obscure individuals address$ ! populace 9 language com=mable ) ! prejudices ( ! age 9 :i* !y liv$4 ,*9a 0 p]haps ! only c\ntry exempt f ^! sup]/itions4 ,! adv5ture ( ! companions ( ,ulysses1 *ang$ into bea/s by ,circe1 0 mu* m anci5t ?an ! dogma ( ! metempsy*osis1 broa*$ 9 ,greece & ,italy by ,py?agoras4 ,on :at c ! ass]tion be f\nd$ t !re is no univ]sal error :i* is n ! abuse ( "s tru?2 t !re h be5 quacks only because !re h be5 true physicians2 & t false prodigies h be5 believ$ only because !re h be5 true ones8 ,7 !re any c]ta9 te/imonies t m5 _h become wolves1 ox51 horses1 or asses8 ,?is univ]sal error _h = its pr9ciple only ! love ( ! m>vell\s & ! natural incl9ation to sup]/ition4 ,"o errone\s op9ion is en\gh to fill ! :ole _w ) fables4 ,an ,indian doctor sees t animals h feel+ & memory4 ,he concludes t !y h a s\l4 ,m5 h "o likewise4 ,:at becomes ( ! s\l ( man aft] dea?8 ,:at becomes ( t ( ! bea/8 ,!y mu/ g some:]e4 ,!y g into ! ne>e/ body t is beg9n+ to be =m$4 ,! s\l ( a ,brahm9 takes up its abode 9 ! body ( an elephant1 ! s\l ( an ass is t ( a little ,brahm94 ,su* is ! dogma ( ! metempsy*osis1 :i* 0 built ^u simple d$uction4 ,b x is a wide /ep f ?is dogma to t ( metamorphosis4 ,we h no long] a s\l )\t a t5em5t1 seek+ a lodg+2 b "o body *ang$ into ano!r1 ! s\l rema9+ z be=e4 ,n[1 we c]ta9ly h n 9 nature any example ( su* leg]dema94 ,let u !n inquire into ! orig9 ( s extravagant yet s g5]al an op9ion4 ,if "s fa!r _h *>act]iz$ 8 son1 sunk 9 ignorance & fil?y debau*]y1 z a hog1 a horse1 or an ass1 & aft]w>ds made him d p5ance ) an ass's cap on 8 head1 & "s s]vant girl ( ! neighborhood gave x out t ?is "y man _h be5 turn$ into an ass z a puni%m5t = 8 faults1 h] neighbors w\ld repeat x to o!r neighbors1 & f m\? to m\? ?is /ory1 ) a ?\s& embelli%m5ts1 w\ld make ! t\r ( ! _w4 ,an ambigu\s expression w\ld suffice to deceive ! :ole e>?4 ,"h !n let u confess1 ) ,boileau1 t ambiguity has be5 ! p>5t ( mo/ ( our ridicul\s follies4 ,add to ?is ! p[] ( magic1 :i* has be5 ackn[l$g$ z indisputable 9 all nations1 & y w no long] be a/oni%$ at any?+4 ,"o ^w m on asses4 ,x is said t 9 ,mesopotamia !y are w>like & t ,m]van1 ! tw5ty-fir/ caliph1 0 surnam$ ! ,ass = 8 valor4 ,! patri>* ,photius relates1 9 ! extract f ! ,life ( ,isidorus1 t ,ammonius _h an ass :i* _h a great ta/e = poetry1 & w\ld leave 8 mang] to g & he> v]ses4 ,! fable ( ,midas is bett] ?an ! tale ( ,photius4 ,ma*iavelli's ,gold5 ,ass4 ,ma*iavelli's ass is b little kn[n4 ,! diction>ies :i* speak ( x say t x 0 a production ( 8 y\?2 x w\ld seem1 h[ev]1 t he 0 ( mature age2 = he speaks 9 x ( ! mis=tunes :i* he _h =m]ly & = a long "t exp]i5c$4 ,! "w is a satire on 8 contempor>ies4 ,! au?or sees a numb] ( ,flor5t9es1 ( :om "o is *ang$ into a cat1 ano!r into a dragon1 a ?ird into a dog t bays ! moon1 a f\r? into a fox :o does n suff] himself to be caught2 ea* "* is drawn "u ! "n ( an animal4 ,! factions ( ! h\se ( ,m$icis & _! enemies are d\btless figur$ !re92 & ! key to ?is comic apocalypse w\ld admit u to ! secrets ( ,pope ,leo & ! tr\bles ( ,flor5ce4 ,?is poem is full ( morality & philosophy4 ,x ends ) ! v rational reflections ( a l>ge hog1 :i* addresses man 9 ne>ly ! foll[+ t]ms3 ,ye nak$ bip$s1 )\t beaks or claws4 ,hairless1 & fea!rless1 & t5d]-hid$1 ,weep+ ye come into ! _w--because ,ye feel y\r evil de/9y decid$2 ,nature has giv5 y indu/ri\s paws2 ,y1 l ! p>rots1 are ) spee* provid$2 ,b h ye hone/ he>ts8--,alas6 alas6 ,9 ?is we sw9e y\r bip$%ips surpass6 ,man is f> worse ?an we--m fi]ce1 m wild-- ,c[>d or madman1 s9n+ e m9ute2 ,by fr5zy & by fe> 9 turn beguil$1 ,he dreads ! grave1 yet plunges headlong 9 x2 ,if pigs fall out1 !y soon are reconcil$2 ,_! qu>rel's end$ ere !y well beg9 x4 ,if crime ) manhood always mu/ comb9e1 ,good ,"l6 let me =ev] be a sw9e4 ,?is is ! orig9al ( ,boileau's ,satire on ,man1 & ,la ,fonta9e's fable ( ! ,companions ( ,ulysses2 b x is q likely t nei!r ,la ,fonta9e nor ,boileau _h ev] he>d ( ,ma*iavelli's ass4 ,! ,ass ( ,v]ona4 ,i mu/ speak ! tru?1 & n deceive my read]s4 ,i d n v cle>ly "k :e!r ! ,ass ( ,v]ona /ill exi/s 9 all 8 spl5dor2 b ! travell]s :o saw him =ty or fifty ye>s ago agree 9 say+ t ! relics 7 enclos$ 9 ! body ( an artificial ass made on purpose1 :i* 0 9 ! keep+ ( =ty monks ( ,our ,lady ( ! ,organ1 at ,v]ona1 & 0 c>ri$ 9 procession twice a ye>4 ,?is 0 "o ( ! mo/ anci5t relics ( ! t[n4 ,accord+ to ! tradition1 ?is ass1 hav+ c>ri$ our ,"l 9 8 entry into ,j]usalem1 did n *oose to abide any long] 9 t city1 b trott$ ov] ! sea--:i* = t purpose became z h>d z 8 ho(--by way ( ,cyprus1 ,rhodes1 ,c&ia1 ,malta1 & ,sicily4 ,!re he w5t to soj\rn at ,aquilea2 & at la/ he settl$ at ,v]ona1 :]e he liv$ a long :ile4 ,?is fable orig9at$ 9 ! circum/ance t mo/ asses h a sort ( black cross on _! backs4 ,!re possibly might be an old ass 9 ! neighborhood ( ,v]ona1 on ^: back ! populace rem>k$ a f9] cross ?an 8 bre?r5 c\ld boa/ (2 "s good old woman w\ld be at h& to say t ?is 0 ! ass on :i* ,*ri/ rode into ,j]usalem2 & ! ass w\ld be honor$ ) a magnific5t fun]al4 ,! fea/ e/abli%$ at ,v]ona pass$ into o!r c\ntries1 & 0 especially celebrat$ 9 ,france4 ,9 ! mass 0 sung3 ,ori5tis p>tibus ,adv5tabit as9us1 ,pul*] et =tissimus4 ,!re 0 a long procession1 head$ by a "y woman ) a *ild 9 h] arms1 m\nt$ on an ass1 repres5t+ ! ,virg9 ,m>y go+ into ,egypt4 ,at ! end ( ! mass ! prie/1 in/ead ( say+ ,ite missa e/1 bray$ ?ree times ) all 8 might1 & ! p answ]$ 9 *orus4 ,we h books on ! fea/ ( ! ass1 & ! fea/ ( fools2 !y furni% mat]ial t[>ds a univ]sal hi/ory ( ! human m9d4 ,,assass9--,,assass9ation4 ,,section ,i4 ,a "n corrupt$ f ! ^w ,ehissess94 ,no?+ is m common to ^? :o g into a di/ant c\ntry ?an to write1 repeat1 & und]/& incorrectly 9 _! own language :at !y h misund]/ood 9 a language entirely =eign to !m1 & aft]w>ds to deceive _! c\ntrym5 z well z !mselves4 ,error flies f m\? to m\?1 f p51 to p51 & to de/roy x requires ages4 ,9 ! "t ( ! ,crusades !re 0 a wret*$ little p ( m\nta9e]s inhabit+ ! cav]ns ne> ! road to ,damascus4 ,^! brig&s elect$ a *ief1 :om !y nam$ ,*eik ,el*assiss94 ,x is said t ?is honorific title ( *eik orig9ally signifi$ old1 z ) u ! title ( seigneur comes f s5ior1 eld]1 & ! ^w graf1 a c\nt1 signifies old among ! ,g]mans2 =1 9 anci5t times almo/ e p conf]r$ ! civil comm& ^u ! old m54 ,aft]w>ds1 ! comm& hav+ become h]$it>y1 ! title ( *eik1 graf1 seigneur1 or c\nt has be5 giv5 to *ildr52 & ! ,g]mans call a little ma/] ( f\r ye>s old1 ! c\nt--t is1 ! old g5tleman4 ,! ,crusad]s nam$ ! old man ( ! ,arabian m\nta9s1 ! ,old ,man ( ! ,hill1 & imag9$ him to be a great pr9ce1 because he _h caus$ a c\nt ( ,monts]rat & "s o!r crusad+ nobles to be robb$ & murd]$ on ! highway4 ,^! p 7 call$ ! assass9s1 & _! *eik ! k+ ( ! va/ c\ntry ( ! assass9s4 ,?is va/ t]ritory is five or six leagues long by two or ?ree broad1 be+ "p ( ,anti-,libanus1 a horrible c\ntry1 full ( rocks1 l almo/ all ,pale/9e1 b int]sect$ by pleasant mead[l&s1 :i* fe$ num]\s flocks1 z is atte/$ by all :o h made ! j\rney f ,aleppo to ,damascus4 ,! *eik or s5ior ( ^! assass9s c\ld be no?+ m ?an a *ief ( b&itti2 = !re 0 at t "t a sultan ( ,damascus :o 0 v p[]ful4 ,our romance-writ]s ( t day1 z fond ( *im]as z ! ,crusad]s1 ?\ght prop] to relate t 9 #abcf ?is great pr9ce ( ! assass9s1 fe>+ t ,l\is ,,ix41 ( :om he _h nev] he>d1 w\ld put himself at ! head ( a crusade1 & come & take f him 8 t]ritory1 s5t two great m5 ( 8 c\rt f ! cav]ns ( ,anti-,libanus to ,p>is to assass9ate t k+2 b t hav+ ! next day he>d h[ g5]\s & amiable a pr9ce ,l\is 01 he imm$iately s5t out to sea two m great m5 to c\nt]m& ! assass9ation4 ,i say out to sea1 = nei!r ! two emiss>ies s5t to kill ,l\is1 nor ! two o!rs s5t to save him1 c\ld make ! voyage )\t emb>k+ at ,joppa1 :i* 0 !n 9 ! p[] ( ! ,crusad]s1 :i* r5d]$ ! ent]prise d\bly m>vell\s4 ,! two fir/ mu/ h f\nd a ,crusad]s' vessel ready to convey !m 9 an amicable mann]1 & ! two la/ mu/ h f\nd ano!r4 ,h[ev]1 a hundr$ au?ors1 "o aft] ano!r1 h relat$ ?is adv5ture1 ?\gh ,jo9ville1 a contempor>y1 :o 0 on ! spot1 says no?+ ab\t x--,et voil ju/em5t comme on crit l'hi/oire4 ,! ,jesuit ,maimb\rg1 ! ,jesuit ,daniel1 tw5ty o!r ,jesuits1 & ,mz]ay--?\gh he 0 n a ,jesuit--h repeat$ ?is absurdity4 ,! ,abb ,vli1 9 8 hi/ory ( ,france1 tells x ov] aga9 ) p]fect complaisance1 )\t any discussion1 )\t any exam9ation1 & on ! ^w ( "o ,william ( ,nangis1 :o wrote ab\t sixty ye>s aft] ?is f9e affair is said to h happ5$ at a "t :5 hi/ory 0 compos$ f no?+ b t[n talk4 ,if none b true & useful ?+s 7 record$1 our imm5se hi/orical libr>ies w\ld be r$uc$ to a v n>r[ compass2 b we %\ld "k m1 & "k x bett]4 ,= six hundr$ ye>s ! /ory has be5 told ov] & ov] aga91 ( ! ,old ,man ( ! ,hill--le vieux de la montagne--:o1 9 8 delightful g>d5s1 intoxicat$ 8 "y elect ) voluptu\s pleasures1 made !m believe t !y 7 9 p>adise1 & s5t !m to ! ends ( ! e>? to assass9ate k+s 9 ord] to m]it an et]nal p>adise4 ,ne> ! ,levant9e %ores !re dwelt ( old ,an ag$ rul]1 fe>$ 9 e l&2 ,n t he own$ enorm\s heaps ( gold1 ,n t va/ armies m>*$ at 8 comm&1-- ,b on 8 p's m9ds he ?+s impress$1 ,:i* fill$ ) desp]ate c\rage e brea/ ,! bolde/ ( 8 subjects fir/ he took1 ,( p>adise to give !m a =eta/e-- ,! p>adise 8 lawgiv] _h pa9t$2 ,) e joy ! ly+ prophet's book ,)9 8 falsely-pictur$ heav5 _h plac$1 ,!y ?\ght _! s5ses _h become acqua9t$4 ,& h[ 0 ?is effect$8 ',twas by w9e-- ,( ?is !y drank till e s5se gave way1 ,&1 :ile 9 drunk5 le?>gy !y lay1 ,7 borne1 accord+ to _! *ief's design1 ,to sports ( pleasantness--to sun%9e glades1 ,delightful g>d5s & invit+ %ades4 ,"y t5d] beauties 7 abundant !re1 ,9 e>lie/ bloom1 & exquisitely fair2 ,^! gayly ?rong$ ar\nd ! sleep+ m51 ,:o1 :5 at l5g? !y 7 awake aga91 ,wond]+ to see ! beaute\s objects r\nd1 ,believ$ t "s way !y'd already f\nd ,^? fields ( bliss1 9 e beauty deck$1 ,! false ,mahomet promis$ 8 elect4 ,acqua9tance quickly made1 ! ,turks advance2 ,! maid5s jo9 !m 9 a sprightly dance2 ,sweet music *>ms !m z !y trip along2 ,& e fea!r$ w>bl] adds 8 song4 ,! joys t c\ld = e s5se suffice4 ,7 f\nd )9 ?is e>?ly p>adise4 ,w9e1 too1 0 !re--& its effects ! same2 ,^! p drank1 till !y c\ld dr9k no m1 ,7 e>n$ to ! place f :5ce !y came4 ,& :at result$ f ?is trick]y8 ,^! m5 believ$ t !y %\ld surely be ,aga9 transport$ to t place ( pleasure1 ,if1 )\t fe> ( suff]+ or ( dea?1 ,!y %[$ devotion to ,mahomet's fai?1 ,& to _! pr9ce ob$i5ce )\t measure4 ,?us might _! sov]eign ) reason say1 ,& t1 n[ 8 device _h made !m s1 ,8 0 ! mightie/ empire "h bel[4444 ,all ?is might be v well 9 "o ( ,la ,fonta9e's tales--sett+ ap>t ! weakness ( ! v]se2 & !re are a hundr$ hi/orical anecdotes :i* c\ld be tol]at$ !re only4 ,,section ,,ii4 ,assass9ation be+1 next to poison+1 ! crime mo/ c[>dly & mo/ des]v+ ( puni%m5t1 x is n a/oni%+ t x has f\nd an apologi/ 9 a man ^: s+ul> reason+ is1 9 "s ?+s1 at v>iance ) ! reason ( ! re/ ( mank9d4 ,9 a romance entitl$ ,emilius1 he imag9es t he is ! gu>dian ( a "y man1 to :om he is v c>eful to give an education su* z is receiv$ 9 ! milit>y s*ool--tea*+ him languages1 geometry1 tactics1 =tification1 & ! hi/ory ( 8 c\ntry4 ,he does n seek to inspire him ) love = 8 k+ & 8 c\ntry1 b cont5ts himself ) mak+ him a jo9]4 ,he w\ld h ?is g5tleman-jo9]1 :5 he has receiv$ a bl[ or a *all5ge1 in/ead ( return+ x & fight+1 prud5tly assass9ate ! man4 ,molire does1 x is true1 say je/+ly1 9 ,l',am\r ,pe9tre1 assass9ation is ! safe/2 b ! au?or ( ?is romance ass]ts t x is ! mo/ j & reasonable4 ,he says ?is v s]i\sly1 &1 9 ! imm5sity ( 8 p>adoxes1 ?is is "o ( ! ?ree or f\r ?+s :i* he fir/ says4 ,! same _s ( wisdom & dec5cy :i* makes him decl>e t a preceptor %\ld (t5 accompany 8 pupil to a place ( pro/itution1 makes him decide t ?is disciple %\ld be an assass94 ,s t ! education :i* ,jean ,jacques w\ld give to a "y man consi/s 9 tea*+ him h[ to h&le ! plane1 & 9 fitt+ him = salivation & ! rope4 ,we d\bt :e!r fa!rs ( families w be eag] to give su* preceptors to _! *ildr54 ,x seems to u t ! romance ( ,emilius dep>ts r too mu* f ! maxims ( ,m5tor 9 ,telema*us2 b x mu/ also be ackn[l$g$ t our age has 9 all ?+s v mu* v>i$ f ! great age ( ,l\is ,,xiv4 ,happily1 none ( ^! horrible infatuations are to be f\nd 9 ! ,encyclopdia4 ,x (t5 displays a philosophy seem+ly bold1 b nev] t atroci\s & extravagant babbl+ :i* two or ?ree fools h call$ philosophy1 & two or ?ree ladies1 eloqu5ce4 ,,a/rology4 ,a/rology might re/ on a bett] f\ndation ?an magic4 ,= if no "o has se5 f>fadets1 or lemures1 or dives1 or p]is1 or demons1 or cacodemons1 ! pr$ictions ( a/rolog]s h (t5 be5 f\nd true4 ,let two a/rolog]s be consult$ on ! life ( an infant1 & on ! wea!r2 if "o ( !m say t ! *ild %all five to ! age ( man1 ! o!r t he %all n2 if "o =etell ra9 & ! o!r fair wea!r1 x is q cle> t !re w be a prophet4 ,! great mis=tune ( a/rolog]s is t ! heav5s h *ang$ s9ce ! rules ( ! art 7 laid d[n4 ,! sun1 :i* at ! equ9ox 0 9 ! ,ram 9 ! "t ( ! ,argonauts1 is n[ 9 ! ,bull2 & a/rolog]s1 mo/ un=tunately = _! art1 n[ attribute to "o h\se ( ! sun t :i* visibly belongs to ano!r4 ,/ill1 ?is is n a demon/rative argum5t aga9/ a/rology4 ,! ma/]s ( ! art are mi/ak52 b x is n prov$ t ! art _c exi/4 ,!re w\ld be no absurdity 9 say+1 ,su* a *ild 0 born dur+ ! moon's increase1 9 a /ormy season1 at ! ris+ ( a c]ta9 />2 its con/itution 0 bad1 & its life %ort & mis]able1 :i* is ! ord9>y lot ( weak temp]am5ts2 ano!r1 on ! contr>y1 0 born :5 ! moon 0 at ! full1 & ! sun 9 all 8 p[]1 9 calm wea!r1 at ! ris+ ( ano!r p>ticul> />2 8 con/itution 0 good1 & 8 life long & happy4 ,if su* obs]vations _h be5 frequ5tly repeat$1 & f\nd j1 exp]i5ce might1 at ! end ( a few ?\s& c5turies1 h =m$ an art :i* x w\ld h be5 difficult to call 9 "q2 x w\ld h be5 ?\ght1 n )\t "s appe>ance ( tru?1 t m5 are l trees & vegetables1 :i* mu/ be plant$ only 9 c]ta9 seasons4 ,x w\ld h be5 ( no s]vice aga9/ ! a/rolog]s to say1 ,my son 0 born 9 f9e wea!r1 yet he di$ 9 8 cradle4 ,! a/rolog] w\ld h answ]$1 ,x (t5 happ5s t trees plant$ 9 ! prop] season p]i% prematurely2 ,i w answ] = ! />s1 b n = ! p>ticul> con=mation :i* y communicat$ to y\r *ild2 a/rology op]ates only :5 !re is no cause oppos$ to ! good :i* !y h p[] to "w4 ,illu/ration3 ,an ,a/rolog]4 ,nor w\ld a/rology h suff]$ any m discr$it f x be+ said3 ,( two *ildr5 :o 7 born 9 ! same m9ute1 "o became a k+1 ! o!r no?+ m ?an *ur*w>d5 ( 8 p>i%2 = a def5ce w\ld easily h be5 made by %[+ t ! peasant made 8 =tune 9 becom+ *ur*w>d51 j z mu* z ! pr9ce did 9 becom+ k+4 ,& if x 7 alleg$ t a b&it1 hung up by ord] ( ,sixtus ! ,fif?1 0 born at ! same "t z ,sixtus1 :o1 f be+ a sw9eh]d1 became pope1 ! a/rolog]s w\ld say t !re 0 a mi/ake ( a few seconds1 & t1 accord+ to ! rules1 ! same /> c\ld n be/[ ! ti>a & ! gall[s4 ,x 01 !n1 only because long-accumulat$ exp]i5ce gave ! lie to ! pr$ictions t m5 at l5g? p]ceiv$ t ! art 0 illusory2 b _! cr$ulity 0 ( long duration4 ,"o ( ! mo/ fam\s ma!maticians ( ,europe1 nam$ ,/(fl]1 :o fl\ri%$ 9 ! fifte5? & sixte5? c5turies1 =etold a univ]sal deluge = ! ye> #aebd4 ,?is deluge 0 to happ5 9 ! mon? ( ,febru>y1 & no?+ c be m plausible1 = ,saturn1 ,jupit]1 & ,m>s 7 !n 9 conjunction 9 ! sign ( ! ,fi%es4 ,e nation 9 ,europe1 ,asia1 & ,africa t he>d ( ! pr$iction 0 9 con/]nation4 ,! :ole _w expect$ ! deluge1 9 spite ( ! ra9b[4 ,sev]al contempor>y au?ors relate t ! inhabitants ( ! m>itime prov9ces ( ,g]many ha/5$ to sell _! l&s1 at any price1 to su* z _h m money & less cr$ulity ?an !mselves4 ,ea* "o provid$ himself ) a boat to s]ve z an ark4 ,a doctor ( ,t\l\se1 9 p>ticul>1 nam$ ,auriol1 _h an ark built = himself1 8 family1 & fri5ds2 & ! same precautions 7 tak5 9 a great "p ( ,italy4 ,at la/ ! mon? ( ,febru>y arriv$1 & n a drop ( ra9 fell1 nev] 0 a mon? m dry1 nev] 7 ! a/rolog]s m emb>rass$4 ,h[ev]1 we nei!r disc\rag$ nor neglect$ !m2 almo/ all our pr9ces cont9u$ to consult !m4 ,i h n ! honor to be a pr9ce2 nev]!less1 ! celebrat$ ,c\nt de ,b\la9villi]s & an ,italian1 nam$ ,colonna1 :o _h great reputation at ,p>is1 bo? =etold to me t ,i %\ld assur$ly die at ! age ( ?irty-two4 ,i h already be5 s malici\s z to deceive !m ?irty ye>s 9 _! calculation--= :i* ,i mo/ humbly ask _! p>don4 ,,a/ronomy1 ,,) ,a ,,few ,,m ,,reflections ,,on ,,a/rology4 ,m4 ,duval1 :o1 if ,i mi/ake n1 0 libr>ian to ! ,emp]or ,francis ,i41 gives u an acc\nt ( ! mann] 9 :i*1 9 8 *ildhood1 pure in/9ct gave him ! fir/ ideas ( a/ronomy4 ,he 0 contemplat+ ! moon :i*1 z x decl9$ t[>ds ! we/1 seem$ to t\* ! trees ( a wood4 ,he d\bt$ n t he %\ld f9d x beh9d ! trees1 &1 on runn+ ?i!r1 0 a/oni%$ to see x at ! extremity ( ! horizon4 ,! foll[+ days 8 curiosity prompt$ him to wat* ! c\rse ( ?is lum9>y1 & he 0 /ill m surpris$ to f9d t x rose & set at v>i\s h\rs4 ,! diff]5t =ms :i* x took f week to week1 & its total disappe>ance = "s nights1 also contribut$ to fix 8 att5tion4 ,all t a *ild c\ld d 0 to obs]ve & to admire1 & ?is 0 do+ mu*2 n "o 9 t5 ?\s& has ?is curiosity & p]sev]ance4 ,he /udi$1 z he c\ld1 = ?ree ye>s1 ) no o!r book ?an ! heav5s1 no o!r ma/] ?an 8 eyes4 ,he obs]v$ t ! />s did n *ange _! relative positions2 b ! brilliancy ( ! planet ,v5us hav+ caught 8 att5tion1 x seem$ to him to h a p>ticul> c\rse1 l t ( ! moon4 ,he wat*$ x e night2 x disappe>$ = a long "t2 & at l5g? he saw x become ! morn+ in/ead ( ! ev5+ />4 ,! c\rse ( ! sun1 :i* f mon? to mon?1 rose & set 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! heav5s1 did n escape him4 ,he m>k$ ! sol/ices ) two /aves1 )\t kn[+ :at ! sol/ices 74 ,x appe>s to me t "s pr(it might be d]iv$ f ?is example1 9 tea*+ a/ronomy to a *ild ( t5 or twelve ye>s ( age1 & ) mu* great] facility ?an ?is extraord9>y *ild1 ( :om ,i h spok51 taught himself its fir/ elem5ts4 ,x is a v attractive spectacle = a m9d dispos$ to ! contemplation ( nature to see t ! diff]5t phases ( ! moon are precisely ! same z ^? ( a globe r\nd :i* a light$ c&le is mov$1 %[+ "h a qu>t]1 "h ! half ( its surface1 & becom+ invisible :5 an opaque body is int]pos$ betwe5 x & ! c&le4 ,9 ?is mann] x 0 t ,galileo expla9$ ! true pr9ciples ( a/ronomy be=e ! doge & s5ators ( ,v5ice on ,/4 ,m>k's t[]2 he demon/rat$ ev]y?+ to ! eyes4 ,inde$1 n only a *ild1 b ev5 a man ( mature age1 :o has se5 ! con/ellations only on maps or globes1 f9ds x difficult to recognize !m 9 ! heav5s4 ,9 a little "t ! *ild w q well compreh5d ! causes ( ! sun's app>5t c\rse1 & ! daily revolutions ( ! fix$ />s4 ,he w1 9 p>ticul>1 discov] ! con/ellations ) ! aid ( ^! f\r ,lat9 l9es1 made by an a/ronom] ab\t fifty ye>s ago1 & :i* are n suffici5tly kn[n3 ,delta ,aries1 ,p]seum ,taurus1 ,gem9ique ,capellam2 ,nil ,canc]1 ,plau/rum ,leo1 ,virgo ,coman1 atque ,bootem1 ,libra ,anguem1 ,anguif]um f]t ,scorpios2 ,ant9\m ,arcus2 ,delph9um ,cap]1 ,amphora ,equos1 ,cepheida ,pisces4 ,no?+ %\ld be said to him ab\t ! sy/ems ( ,ptolemy & ,ty*o ,brahe1 because !y are false2 !y c nev] be ( any o!r s]vice ?an to expla9 "s passages 9 anci5t au?ors1 relat+ to ! errors ( antiquity4 ,= in/ance1 9 ! second book ( ,ovid's ,metamorphoses ! sun says to ,phaton3 ,adde1 quod assidua rapitur v]tig9e clum2 ,nitor 9 adv]sum2 nec me1 qui ct]a1 v9cit ,impetus2 et rapido contr>ius evehor orbi4 ,a rapid motion c>ries r\nd ! heav5s2 ,b ,i--& ,i alone--resi/ its =ce1 ,m>*+ secure 9 my oppos+ pa?4 ,?is idea ( a fir/ mov] turn+ ! heav5s r\nd 9 tw5ty-f\r h\rs ) an impossible motion1 & ( ! sun1 ?\gh act$ ^u by ?is fir/ motion1 yet imp]ceptibly advanc+ f we/ to ea/ by a motion peculi> to itself1 & )\t a cause1 w\ld b emb>rass a "y beg9n]4 ,x is suffici5t = him to "k t1 :e!r ! e>? revolves on its own axis & r\nd ! sun1 or ! sun completes 8 revolution 9 a ye>1 appe>ances are ne>ly ! same1 & t1 9 a/ronomy1 we are oblig$ to judge ( ?+s by our eyes be=e we exam9e !m z natural philosoph]s4 ,he w soon "k ! cause ( ! eclipses ( ! sun & ! moon1 & :y !y d n occur e night4 ,x w at fir/ appe> to him t1 ! moon be+ e mon? 9 opposition to & 9 conjunction ) ! sun1 we %\ld h an eclipse ( ! sun & "o ( ! moon e mon?4 ,b :5 he f9ds t ^! two lum9>ies are n 9 ! same plane & are seldom 9 ! same l9e ) ! e>?1 he w no long] be surpris$4 ,he w easily be made to und]/& h[ x is t eclipses h be5 =etold1 by kn[+ ! exact circle 9 :i* ! app>5t motion ( ! sun & ! real motion ( ! moon are accompli%$4 ,he w be told t obs]v]s f\nd by exp]i5ce & calculation ! numb] ( times t ^! two bodies are precisely 9 ! same l9e ) ! e>? 9 ! space ( n9ete5 ye>s & a few h\rs1 aft] :i* !y seem to recomm5ce ! same c\rse2 s t1 mak+ ! necess>y all[ances = ! little inequalities t occurr$ dur+ ^? n9ete5 ye>s1 ! exact day1 h\r1 & m9ute ( an eclipse ( ! sun or moon 7 =etold4 ,^! fir/ elem5ts are soon acquir$ by a *ild ( cle> conceptions4 ,n ev5 ! precession ( ! equ9oxes w t]rify him4 ,x w be en\gh to tell him t ! sun has con/antly appe>$ to advance 9 8 annual c\rse1 "o degree 9 sev5ty-two ye>s1 t[>ds ! ea/2 & ?is is :at ,ovid meant to express3 ,contr>ius evehor orbi2--,m>*+ secure 9 my oppos+ pa?4 ,?us ! ,ram1 :i* ! sun =m]ly ent]$ at ! beg9n+ ( spr+1 is n[ 9 ! place :]e ! ,bull 0 !n4 ,?is *ange :i* has tak5 place 9 ! heav5s1 & ! entrance ( ! sun into o!r con/ellations ?an ^? :i* he =m]ly occupi$1 7 ! /ronge/ argum5ts aga9/ ! pret5d$ rules ( judicial a/rology4 ,x does n1 h[ev]1 appe> t ?is pro( 0 employ$ be=e ! pres5t c5tury to de/roy ?is univ]sal extravagance :i* s long infect$ all mank9d1 & is /ill 9 great vogue 9 ,p]sia4 ,a man born1 accord+ to ! almanac1 :5 ! sun 0 9 ! sign ( ! ,lion1 0 necess>ily to be c\rage\s2 b1 un=tunately1 he 0 9 reality born "u ! sign ( ! ,virg94 ,s t ,gauric & ,mi*ael ,mor9 %\ld h *ang$ all ! rules ( _! art4 ,x is inde$ odd t all ! laws ( a/rology 7 contr>y to ^? ( a/ronomy4 ,! wret*$ *>latans ( antiquity & _! /upid disciples1 :o h be5 s well receiv$ & s well paid by all ! pr9ces ( ,europe1 talk$ ( no?+ b ,m>s & ,v5us1 /ation>y & retrograde4 ,su* z _h ,m>s /ation>y 7 always to conqu]4 ,v5us /ation>y made all lov]s happy4 ,no?+ 0 worse ?an to be born "u ,v5us retrograde4 ,b ! fact is t ^! planets h nev] be5 ei!r retrograde or /ation>y1 :i* a v slight k ( optics w\ld h suffic$ to %[4 ,h[1 !n1 c x h be5 t1 9 spite ( physics & geometry1 ! ridicul\s *im]a ( a/rology is ent]ta9$ ev5 to ?is day1 s t we h se5 m5 di/+ui%$ = _! g5]al k1 & especially pr(\nd 9 hi/ory1 :o h all _! lives be5 infatuat$ by s despicable an error8 ,b ! error 0 anci5t1 & t 0 en\gh4 ,! ,egyptians1 ! ,*aldans1 ! ,jews1 =etold ! future2 !re=e1 x may be =etold n[4 ,s]p5ts 7 *>m$ & spirits 7 rais$ 9 ^? days2 !re=e1 spirits may be rais$ & s]p5ts *>m$ n[4 ,x is only necess>y to "k ! precise =mula made use ( = ! purpose4 ,if pr$ictions are at an end1 x is ! fault1 n ( ! art1 b ( ! arti/4 ,mi*ael ,mor9 & 8 secret di$ toge!r4 ,x is ?us t ! al*emi/s speak ( ! philosoph]'s /one2 if1 say !y1 we d n n[ f9d x1 x is because we d n yet "k precisely h[ to seek x2 b x is c]ta9ly 9 ,solomon's coll>-bone4 ,&1 ) ?is glori\s c]ta9ty1 m ?an two hundr$ families 9 ,france & ,g]many h ru9$ !mselves4 ,x is n !n to be wond]$ at t ! :ole _w has be5 dup$ by a/rology4 ,! wret*$ argum5t1 !re are false prodigies1 !re=e !re are true ones1 is nei!r t ( a philosoph]1 nor ( a man acqua9t$ ) ! _w4 ,t is false & absurd1 !re=e x w be believ$ by ! multitude1 is a mu* tru] maxim4 ,x is /ill less a/oni%+ t s _m m51 rais$ 9 o!r ?+s s f> above ! vulg>2 s _m pr9ces1 s _m popes1 :om x w\ld h be5 impossible to mislead 9 ! smalle/ affair ( int]e/1 h be5 s ridicul\sly s$uc$ by ?is a/rological nons5se4 ,!y 7 v pr\d & v ignorant4 ,! />s 7 = !m alone2 ! re/ ( ! _w a rabble1 ) :om ! />s _h no?+ to d4 ,!y 7 l ! pr9ce :o trembl$ at ! sight ( a comet1 & said gravely to ^? :o did n fe> x1 ,y may behold x )\t conc]n2 y are n pr9ces4 ,! fam\s ,g]man lead]1 ,wall5/e91 0 "o ( ^? infatuat$ by ?is *im]a2 he call$ himself a pr9ce1 & consequ5tly ?\ght t ! zodiac _h be5 made on purpose = him4 ,he nev] besieg$ a t[n1 nor f\ght a battle1 until he _h held a c\ncil ) ! heav5s2 b1 z ?is great man 0 v ignorant1 he plac$ at ! head ( ?is c\ncil a rogue ( an ,italian1 nam$ ,s5i1 keep+ him a coa* & six1 & giv+ him a p5sion ( tw5ty ?\s& livres4 ,s5i1 h[ev]1 nev] =esaw t ,wall5/e9 w\ld be assass9at$ by ord] ( 8 mo/ graci\s sov]eign1 & t he himself w\ld return to ,italy on foot4 ,x is q evid5t t no?+ c be kn[n ( ! future1 o!rwise ?an by conjectures4 ,^! conjectures may be s well-f\nd$ z to approa* c]ta9ty4 ,y see a %>k swall[ a little boy2 y may wag] t5 ?\s& to "o t he w be dev\r$2 b y _c be absolutely sure ( x1 aft] ! adv5tures ( ,h]cules1 ,jonas1 & ,orl&o ,furioso1 :o ea* liv$ s long 9 a fi%'s belly4 ,x _c be too (t5 repeat$ t ,alb]tus ,magnus & ,c>d9al d',ailli bo? made ! horoscope ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,x w\ld appe> t !y read 9 ! />s h[ _m devils he w\ld ca/ out ( ! bodies ( ! possess$1 & :at sort ( dea? he 0 to die4 ,b x 0 un=tunate t ^! le>n$ a/rolog]s =etold all ^! ?+s s long aft] !y happ5$4 ,we %all else:]e see t 9 a sect :i* passes = ,*ri/ian1 x is believ$ to be impossible = ! ,supreme ,intellig5ce to see ! future o!rwise ?an by supreme conjecture2 =1 z ! future does n exi/1 x is1 say !y1 a contradiction 9 t]ms to talk ( see+ at ! pres5t "t t :i* is n4 ,,a!ism4 ,,section ,i4 ,on ! ,comp>ison s ,(t5 ,made betwe5 ,a!ism & ,idolatry4 ,x seems to me t1 9 ! ,dictionnaire ,encyclopdique1 a m p[]ful refutation might h be5 br\ght aga9/ ! ,jesuit ,ri*eome's op9ion conc]n+ a!i/s & idolat]s--an op9ion =m]ly ma9ta9$ by ,/4 ,?omas1 ,/4 ,gregory ,nazianz51 ,/4 ,cyprian1 & ,t]tullian--an op9ion :i* ,arnobius plac$ 9 a /rong light :5 he said to ! pagans1 ,d y n blu% to reproa* u ) contempt = y\r gods8 ,is x n bett] to believe 9 no god ?an to impute to !m infam\s actions8--an op9ion long be=e e/abli%$ by ,plut>*1 :o /at$ t he w\ld r h x said t !re 0 no ,plut>* ?an t !re 0 a ,plut>*1 incon/ant1 *ol]ic1 & v9dictive--an op9ion1 too1 =tifi$ by all ! dialectical ef=ts ( ,bayle4 ,su* is ! gr\nd ( dispute1 plac$ 9 a v /rik+ po9t ( view by ! ,jesuit ,ri*eome1 & made /ill m speci\s by ! way 9 :i* ,bayle sets x (f3 ,!re are two port]s at ! door ( a h\se4 ,y ask to speak to ! ma/]4 ,he is n at home1 answ]s "o4 ,he is at home1 answ]s ! o!r1 b is busi$ 9 mak+ false money1 false contracts1 dagg]s1 & poisons1 to de/roy ^? :o h only accompli%$ 8 designs4 ,! a!i/ resembles ! =m] ( ^! port]s1 ! pagan ! latt]4 ,x is !n evid5t t ! pagan (f5ds ! ,div9ity m griev\sly ?an ! a!i/4 ,) ! p]mission ( ,fa!r ,ri*eome1 & t ( ,bayle himself1 ?is is n at all ! /ate ( ! "q4 ,= ! fir/ port] to be l ! a!i/1 he mu/ say1 n ,my ma/] is n "h1 b ,i h no ma/]2 he :o y pret5d is my ma/] does n exi/4 ,my comrade is a blockhead to tell y t ! g5tleman is engag$ 9 mix+ poisons & wett+ poni>ds to assass9ate ^? :o h execut$ 8 w4 ,!re is no su* be+ 9 ! _w4 ,ri*eome1 !re=e1 has reason$ v ill2 & ,bayle1 9 8 r diffuse disc\rses1 has s f> =gott5 himself z to d ,ri*eome ! honor ( mak+ a v lame comm5t ^u him4 ,plut>* seems to express himself mu* bett]1 9 decl>+ t he pref]s ^? :o say !re is no ,plut>* to ^? :o ass]t t ,plut>* is unfit = society4 ,inde$1 ( :at consequ5ce to him 0 its be+ said t he 0 n 9 ! _w8 ,b x 0 ( great consequ5ce t 8 reputation %\ld n be injur$4 ,) ! ,supreme ,be+ x is o!rwise4 ,/ill ,plut>* does n come to ! real po9t 9 discussion4 ,x is only ask$ :o mo/ (f5ds ! ,supreme ,be+--he :o d5ies ,him1 or he :o disfigures ,him8 ,x is impossible to "k1 o!rwise ?an by revelation1 :e!r ,god is (f5d$ at ! va9 disc\rses :i* m5 hold ab\t ,him4 ,philosoph]s almo/ always fall unconsci\sly into ! ideas ( ! vulg>1 9 suppos+ t ,god is jeal\s ( ,8 glory1 wra?ful1 & giv5 to rev5ge1 & 9 tak+ rhetorical figures = real ideas4 ,t :i* int]e/s ! :ole _w is to "k :e!r x is n bett] to admit a rew>d+ & av5g+ ,god1 recomp5s+ hidd5 good actions1 & puni%+ secret crimes1 ?an to admit no ,god at all4 ,bayle exhau/s himself 9 repeat+ all ! infam\s ?+s imput$ to ! gods ( antiquity4 ,8 adv]s>ies answ] him by unmean+ commonplaces4 ,! p>tisans & ! enemies ( ,bayle h almo/ always f\ght )\t com+ to close qu>t]s4 ,!y all agree t ,jupit] 0 an adult]]1 ,v5us a wanton1 ,m]cury a rogue4 ,b ?is1 ,i conceive1 ought n to be consid]$2 ! religion ( ! anci5t ,romans %\ld be di/+ui%$ f ,ovid's ,metamorphoses4 ,x is q c]ta9 t nei!r !y nor ev5 ! ,greeks ev] _h a temple d$icat$ to ,m]cury ! ,rogue1 ,v5us ! ,wanton1 or ,jupit] ! ,adult]]4 ,! god :om ! ,romans call$ ,deus optimus maximus--mo/ good1 mo/ great--0 n believ$ to h enc\rag$ ,clodius to lie ) ,cs>'s wife1 nor ,cs> to become ! m9ion ( ,k+ ,nicom$es4 ,cic]o does n say t ,m]cury incit$ ,v]res to rob ,sicily1 ?\gh1 9 ! fable1 ,m]cury _h /ol5 ,apollo's c[s4 ,! real religion ( ! anci5ts 0 t ,jupit]1 mo/ good & j1 ) ! second>y div9ities1 puni%$ p]jury 9 ! inf]nal regions4 ,?us1 ! ,romans 7 long ! mo/ religi\s obs]v]s ( _! oa?s4 ,x 0 9 no wise orda9$ t !y %\ld believe 9 ,l$a's two eggs1 9 ! trans=mation ( ,ina*us's daught] into a c[1 or 9 ,apollo's love = ,hyac9?us4 ,!re=e x mu/ n be said t ! religion ( ,numa 0 di%onor+ to ! ,div9ity4 ,s t1 z b too (t5 happ5s1 !re has be5 a long dispute ab\t a *im]a4 ,!n1 x is ask$1 c a p ( a!i/s exi/8 ,i consid] t a di/9ction mu/ be made betwe5 ! p1 prop]ly s call$1 & a society ( philosoph]s above ! p4 ,x is true t1 9 e c\ntry1 ! populace require ! /ronge/ curb2 & t if ,bayle _h _h b five or six hundr$ peasants to gov]n1 he w\ld n h fail$ to ann\nce to !m a rew>d+ & av5g+ ,god4 ,b ,bayle w\ld h said no?+ ab\t !m to ! ,epicureans1 :o 7 p ( weal?1 fond ( quiet1 cultivat+ all ! social virtues1 & fri5d%ip 9 p>ticul>1 %unn+ ! dang]s & emb>rassm5ts ( public affairs--lead+1 9 %ort1 a life ( ease & innoc5ce4 ,! dispute1 s f> z x reg>ds policy & society1 seems to me to end "h4 ,z = p entirely savage1 !y c be c\nt$ nei!r among ! !i/s nor among ! a!i/s4 ,to ask !m :at is _! cre$ w\ld be l ask+ !m if !y are = ,ari/otle or ,democritus4 ,!y "k no?+2 !y are no m a!i/s ?an !y are p]ipatetics4 ,b1 x may be insi/$1 t !y live 9 society1 ?\gh !y h no ,god1 & t1 !re=e1 society may subsi/ )\t religion4 ,9 ?is case ,i %all reply t wolves live s2 & t an assemblage ( b>b>\s cannibals1 z y suppose !m to be1 is n a society4 ,&1 fur!r1 ,i w ask y if1 :5 y h l5t y\r money to any "o ( y\r society1 y w\ld h nei!r y\r debtor1 nor y\r attorney1 nor y\r not>y1 nor y\r judge1 believe 9 a ,god8 ,,section ,,ii4 ,mod]n ,a!i/s4--,argum5ts ( ! ,wor%ipp]s ( ,god4 ,we are intellig5t be+s1 & intellig5t be+s _c h be5 =m$ by a bl9d1 brute1 ins5sible be+2 !re is c]ta9ly "s diff]5ce betwe5 a clod & ! ideas ( ,newton4 ,newton's intellig5ce1 !n1 came f "s o!r intellig5ce4 ,:5 we see a f9e ma*9e1 we say !re is a good ma*9i/1 & t he has an excell5t und]/&+4 ,! _w is assur$ly an admirable ma*9e2 !re=e !re is 9 ! _w1 some:]e or o!r1 an admirable intellig5ce4 ,?is argum5t is old1 b is n !re=e ! worse4 ,all animat$ bodies are compos$ ( lev]s & pulleys1 :i* act accord+ to ! laws ( me*anics2 ( liquors1 :i* are kept 9 p]petual circulation by ! laws ( hydro/atics2 & ! reflection t all ^! be+s h s5tim5t :i* has no relation to _! organization1 fills u ) wond]4 ,! motions ( ! />s1 t ( our little e>? r\nd ! sun--all are op]at$ accord+ to ! laws ( ! pr(\nde/ ma!matics4 ,h[ c\ld x be t ,plato1 :o knew n "o ( ^! laws--! eloqu5t b *im]ical ,plato1 :o said t ! f\ndation ( ! e>? 0 an equilat]al triangle1 & t ( wat] a "r-angl$ triangle--! /range ,plato1 :o said !re c\ld be b five worlds1 because !re 7 b five regul> bodie%[1 ,i say1 0 x t ,plato1 :o 0 n ev5 acqua9t$ ) sph]ical trigonometry1 _h nev]!less s f9e a g5ius1 s happy an in/9ct1 z to call ,god ! ,et]nal ,geometrician--to feel t !re exi/s a =m+ ,intellig5ce8 ,sp9oza himself confesses x4 ,x is impossible to controv]t ?is tru?1 :i* surr\nds u & presses u on all sides4 ,argum5t ( ! ,a!i/s4 ,i h1 h[ev]1 kn[n refractory individuals1 :o h said t !re is no =m+ intellig5ce1 & t motion alone has =m$ all t we see & all t we are4 ,!y say boldly t ! comb9ation ( ?is univ]se 0 possible because x exi/s2 !re=e x 0 possible = motion ( itself to arrange x4 ,take f\r planets only--,m>s1 ,v5us1 ,m]cury1 & ! ,e>?2 let u consid] !m solely 9 ! situations 9 :i* !y n[ are2 & let u see h[ _m probabilities we h t motion w br+ !m aga9 to ^? respective places4 ,!re are b tw5ty-f\r *ances 9 ?is comb9ation2 t is1 x is only tw5ty-f\r to "o t ^! planets w n be f\nd 9 ! same situations ) respect to "o ano!r4 ,to ^! f\r globes add t ( ,jupit]2 & x is !n only a hundr$ & tw5ty to "o t ,jupit]1 ,m>s1 ,v5us1 ,m]cury1 & our globe w n be plac$ 9 ! same positions 9 :i* we n[ see !m4 ,la/ly1 add ,saturn2 & !re w !n be only sev5 hundr$ & tw5ty *ances to "o aga9/ putt+ ^! planets 9 _! pres5t arrangem5t1 accord+ to _! giv5 di/ances4 ,x is1 !n1 demon/rat$ t once1 at lea/1 9 sev5 hundr$ & tw5ty cases1 *ance might place ^! planets 9 _! pres5t ord]4 ,!n take all ! second>y planets1 all _! motions1 all ! be+s t vegetate1 live1 feel1 ?9k1 act1 on all ^! globes2 y h only to increase ! numb] ( *ances2 multiply ?is numb] to all et]nity--to :at our weakness calls inf9ity--!re w /ill be an unit 9 favor ( ! =mation ( ! _w1 su* z x is1 by motion alone2 !re=e x is possible t1 9 all et]nity1 ! motion ( matt] alone has produc$ ! univ]se z x exi/s4 ,nay1 ?is comb9ation mu/1 9 et]nity1 ( necessity happ54 ,?us1 say !y1 n only x is possible t ! _w is z x is by motion alone1 b x 0 impossible t x %\ld n be s aft] inf9ite comb9ations4 ,answ]4 ,all ?is supposition seems to me to be prodigi\sly *im]ical1 = two reasons3 ! fir/ is1 t 9 ?is univ]se !re are intellig5t be+s1 & y _c prove x possible = motion alone to produce und]/&+4 ,! second is1 t1 by y\r own confession1 ! *ances are inf9ity to unity1 t an intellig5t =m+ cause produc$ ! univ]se4 ,/&+ alone aga9/ inf9ity1 a unit makes b a poor figure4 ,aga9 ,sp9oza himself admits ?is intellig5ce2 x is ! basis ( 8 sy/em4 ,y h n read him1 b y mu/ read him4 ,:y w\ld y g fur!r ?an he1 &1 ?r\gh a fooli% pride1 plunge into ! abyss :]e ,sp9oza d>$ n to desc5d8 ,are y n aw>e ( ! extreme folly ( say+ t x is ow+ to a bl9d cause t ! squ>e ( ! revolution ( "o planet is always to ! squ>es ( ! o!rs z ! cube ( its di/ance is to ! cubes ( ! di/ances ( ! o!rs f ! common c5tre8 ,ei!r ! planets are great geometricians1 or ! ,et]nal ,geometrician has arrang$ ! planets4 ,b :]e is ! ,et]nal ,geometrician8 ,is ,he 9 "o place1 or 9 all places1 )\t occupy+ space8 ,i "k n4 ,has ,he arrang$ all ?+s ( ,8 own sub/ance8 ,i "k n4 ,is ,he imm5se1 )\t quantity & )\t quality8 ,i "k n4 ,all ,i "k is1 t we mu/ adore ,him & be j4 ,new ,objection ( a ,mod]n ,a!i/4 ,c x be said t ! con=mation ( animals is accord+ to _! necessities8 ,:at are ^? necessities8 ,self-pres]vation & propagation4 ,n[1 is x a/oni%+ t1 ( ! inf9ite comb9ations produc$ by *ance1 ^? only h surviv$ :i* _h organs adapt$ = _! n\ri%m5t & ! cont9uation ( _! species8 ,mu/ n all o!rs necess>ily h p]i%$8 ,answ]4 ,?is argum5t1 tak5 f ,lucretius1 is suffici5tly refut$ by ! s5sation giv5 to animals & ! intellig5ce giv5 to man4 ,h[1 z has j be5 said 9 ! prec$+ p>agraph1 %\ld comb9ations produc$ by *ance produce ?is s5sation & ?is intellig5ce8 ,yes1 d\btless1 ! memb]s ( animals are made = all _! necessities ) an incompreh5sible art1 & y h n ! boldness to d5y x4 ,y d n m5tion x4 ,y feel t y c say no?+ 9 answ] to ?is great argum5t :i* ,nature br+s aga9/ y4 ,! disposition ( ! w+ ( a fly1 or ( ! feel]s ( a snail1 is suffici5t to conf\nd y4 ,an ,objection ( ,maup]tuis4 ,! natural philosoph]s ( mod]n times h done no?+ m ?an ext5d ^! pret5d$ argum5ts2 ?is !y h sometimes done ev5 to m9ut5ess & indec5cy4 ,!y h f\nd ,god 9 ! folds ( a rh9oc]os's hide2 !y might1 ) equal reason1 h d5i$ ,8 exi/5ce on acc\nt ( ! tortoise's %ell4 ,answ]4 ,:at reason+6 ,! tortoise & ! rh9oc]os1 & all ! diff]5t species1 prove alike 9 _! inf9ite v>ieties ! same cause1 ! same design1 ! same end1 :i* are pres]vation1 g5]ation1 & dea?4 ,unity is f\nd 9 ?is imm5se v>iety2 ! hide & ! %ell be> equal te/imony4 ,:at6 d5y ,god1 because a %ell is n l a sk96 ,& j\rnali/s h lavi%$ ^u ?is coxcombry praises :i* !y h )held f ,newton & ,locke1 bo? wor%ipp]s ( ! ,div9ity f ?or\gh exam9ation & conviction6 ,ano!r ( ,maup]tuis's ,objections4 ,( :at s]vice are beauty & fitness 9 ! con/ruction ( a s]p5t8 ,p]haps1 y say1 x has uses ( :i* we are ignorant4 ,let u !n1 at lea/1 be sil5t1 & n admire an animal :i* we "k only by ! mis*ief x does4 ,answ]4 ,be y sil5t1 also1 s9ce y "k no m ( its utility ?an myself2 or ackn[l$ge t1 9 reptiles1 ev]y?+ is admirably proportion$4 ,"s ( !m are v5om\s2 y h be5 s too4 ,! only subject at pres5t "u consid]ation is ! prodigi\s art :i* has =m$ s]p5ts1 quadrup$s1 birds1 fi%es1 & bip$s4 ,?is art is evid5t en\gh4 ,y ask1 ,:y is n ! s]p5t h>mless8 ,& :y h y n be5 h>mless8 ,:y h y be5 a p]secutor8 :i*1 9 a philosoph]1 is ! greate/ ( crimes4 ,?is is q ano!r "q2 x is t ( physical & moral evil4 ,x has long be5 ask$1 ,:y are !re s _m s]p5ts1 & s _m wick$ m5 worse ?an s]p5ts8 ,if flies c\ld reason1 !y w\ld compla9 to ,god ( ! exi/5ce ( spid]s2 b !y w\ld1 at ! same "t1 ackn[l$ge :at ,m9]va confess$ to ,ara*ne 9 ! fable1 t !y arrange _! webs 9 a wond]ful mann]4 ,we _c1 !n1 d o!rwise ?an ackn[l$ge an ineffable ,intellig5ce1 :i* ,sp9oza himself admitt$4 ,we mu/ own t x is display$ z mu* 9 ! meane/ insect z 9 ! planets4 ,& ) reg>d to moral & physical evil1 :at c be done or said8 ,let u console ourselves by ! enjoym5t ( physical & moral good1 & adore ! ,et]nal ,be+1 :o has orda9$ ! "o & p]mitt$ ! o!r4 ,"o ^w m on ?is topic4 ,a!ism is ! vice ( "s intellig5t m51 & sup]/ition is ! vice ( fools4 ,& :at is ! vice ( knaves8--,hypocrisy4 ,,section ,,iii4 ,unju/ ,accusation4--,ju/ification ( ,van9i4 ,=m]ly1 :oev] 0 possess$ ( a secret 9 any art 0 9 dang] ( pass+ = a sorc]]2 e new sect 0 *>g$ ) murd]+ infants 9 its my/]ies2 & e philosoph] :o dep>t$ f ! j>gon ( ! s*ools 0 accus$ ( a!ism by knaves & fanatics1 & condemn$ by blockheads4 ,anaxagorus d>es to ass]t t ! sun is n conduct$ by ,apollo1 m\nt$ 9 a *>iot & f\r2 he is condemn$ z an a!i/1 & compell$ to fly4 ,ari/otle is accus$ ( a!ism by a prie/1 & n be+ p[]ful en\gh to puni% 8 accus]1 he retires to ,*alcis4 ,b ! dea? ( ,socrates is ! greate/ blot on ! page ( ,grecian hi/ory4 ,ari/ophanes--he :om comm5tators admire because he 0 a ,greek1 =gett+ t ,socrates 0 also a ,greek--,ari/ophanes 0 ! fir/ :o accu/om$ ! ,a!nians to reg>d ,socrates z an a!i/4 ,?is comic poet1 :o is nei!r comic nor poetical1 w\ld n1 among u1 h be5 p]mitt$ to exhibit 8 f>ces at ! fair ( ,/4 ,lawr5ce4 ,he appe>s to me to be mu* l[] & m despicable ?an ,plut>* repres5ts him4 ,let u see :at ! wise ,plut>* says ( ?is buffoon3 ,! language ( ,ari/ophanes bespeaks 8 mis]able quack]y2 x is made up ( ! l[e/ & mo/ disgu/+ puns2 he is n ev5 pleas+ to ! p2 & to m5 ( judgm5t & honor he is insupportable2 8 arrogance is intol]able1 & all good m5 dete/ 8 malignity4 ,?is1 !n1 is ! jack-pudd+ :om ,madame ,daci]1 an admir] ( ,socrates1 v5tures to admire6 ,su* 0 ! man :o1 indirectly1 prep>$ ! poison by :i* infam\s judges put to dea? ! mo/ virtu\s man 9 ,greece4 ,! tann]s1 cobbl]s1 & seam/resses ( ,a!ns applaud$ a f>ce 9 :i* ,socrates 0 repres5t$ lift$ 9 ! air 9 a hamp]1 ann\nc+ t !re 0 no ,god1 & boa/+ ( hav+ /ol5 a cloak :ile he 0 tea*+ philosophy4 ,a :ole p1 ^: gov]nm5t sanction$ su* infam\s lic5ces1 well des]v$ :at has happ5$ to !m1 to become slaves to ! ,romans1 &1 subsequ5tly1 to ! ,turks4 ,! ,russians1 :om ! ,greeks ( old w\ld h call$ b>b>ians1 w\ld nei!r h poison$ ,socrates1 nor h condemn$ ,alcibiades to dea?4 ,we pass ov] ! ages betwe5 ! ,roman commonweal? & our own times4 ,! ,romans1 mu* m wise ?an ! ,greeks1 nev] p]secut$ a philosoph] = 8 op9ions4 ,n s ! b>b>\s nations :i* succe$$ ! ,roman ,empire4 ,no soon] did ! ,emp]or ,fr$]ick ,,ii4 beg9 to qu>rel ) ! popes1 ?an he 0 accus$ ( be+ an a!i/1 & be+ ! au?or ( ! book ( ,! ,?ree ,impo/ors1 conjo9tly ) 8 *ancellor ,de ,v9cis4 ,does our high-*ancellor1 de l',hpital1 decl>e aga9/ p]secution8 ,he is imm$iately *>g$ ) a!ism--,homo doctus1 s$ vetus a!us4 ,!re 0 a ,jesuit1 z mu* b5ea? ,ari/ophanes z ,ari/ophanes is b5ea? ,hom]--a wret*1 ^: "n has become ridicul\s ev5 among fanatics--! ,jesuit ,g>asse1 :o f\nd a!i/s ev]y:]e4 ,he be/[s ! "n ^u all :o are ! objects ( 8 virul5ce4 ,he calls ,!odore ,beza an a!i/4 ,x 0 he1 too1 t l$ ! public into error conc]n+ ,van9i4 ,! un=tunate end ( ,van9i does n excite our pity & indignation l t ( ,socrates1 because ,van9i 0 only a =eign p$ant1 )\t m]it2 h[ev]1 ,van9i 0 n1 z 0 pret5d$1 an a!i/2 he 0 q ! contr>y4 ,he 0 a poor ,neapolitan prie/1 a !ologian & prea*] by trade1 an outrage\s disput] on quiddities & univ]sals1 & utrum *imra bomb9ans 9 vacuo possit com$]e secundas int5tiones4 ,b !re 0 no?+ 9 him t5d+ to a!ism4 ,8 notion ( ,god is t ( ! s\nde/ & mo/ approv$ !ology3 ,god is ! beg9n+ & ! end1 ! fa!r ( bo?1 )\t ne$ ( ei!r1 et]nal )\t "t1 9 no "o place1 yet pres5t ev]y:]e4 ,to him !re is nei!r pa/ nor future2 he is )9 & )\t ev]y?+2 he has creat$ all1 & gov]ns all2 he is immutable1 inf9ite )\t p>ts2 8 p[] is 8 w4 ,?is is n v philosophical1 b x is ! mo/ approv$ !ology4 ,van9i prid$ himself on reviv+ ,plato's f9e idea1 adopt$ by ,av]ros1 t ,god _h creat$ a *a9 ( be+s f ! smalle/ to ! greate/1 ! la/ l9k ( :i* 0 atta*$ to 8 et]nal ?rone2 an idea m sublime ?an true1 b z di/ant f a!ism z be+ f no?+4 ,he travell$ to seek 8 =tune & to dispute2 b1 un=tunately1 disputation leads n to =tune2 a man makes himself z _m irreconcilable enemies z he f9ds m5 ( le>n+ or ( p$antry to argue aga9/4 ,van9i's ill-=tune _h no o!r s\rce4 ,8 heat & rud5ess 9 disputation procur$ him ! hatr$ ( "s !ologians2 & hav+ qu>rell$ ) "o ,franconi1 ?is ,franconi1 ! fri5d ( 8 enemies1 *>g$ him ) be+ an a!i/ & tea*+ a!ism4 ,franconi1 aid$ by "s witnesses1 _h ! b>b>ity1 :5 confront$ ) ! accus$1 to ma9ta9 :at he _h advanc$4 ,van9i1 on ! /ool1 be+ ask$ :at he ?\ght ( ! exi/5ce ( a ,god1 answ]$ t he1 ) ! ,*ur*1 ador$ a ,god 9 ?ree p]sons4 ,tak+ a /raw f ! gr\nd1 ,?is1 said he1 is suffici5t to prove t !re is a creator4 ,he !n deliv]$ a v f9e disc\rse on vegetation & motion1 & ! necessity ( a ,supreme ,be+1 )\t :om !re c\ld be nei!r motion nor vegetation4 ,! presid5t ,grammont1 :o 0 !n at ,t\l\se1 repeats ?is disc\rse 9 8 hi/ory ( ,france1 n[ s little kn[n2 & ! same ,grammont1 ?r\gh "s unacc\ntable prejudice1 ass]ts t ,van9i said all ?is ?r\gh vanity1 or ?r\gh fe>1 r ?an f inw>d conviction4 ,on :at c\ld ?is atroci\s1 ra% judgm5t ( ! presid5t be f\nd$8 ,x is evid5t1 f ,van9i's answ]1 t he c\ld n b be acquitt$ ( ! *>ge ( a!ism4 ,b :at foll[$8 ,?is un=tunate =eign prie/ also dabbl$ 9 m$ic9e4 ,!re 0 f\nd 9 8 h\se a l>ge live toad1 :i* he kept 9 a vessel ( wat]2 he 0 =?) accus$ ( be+ a sorc]]4 ,x 0 ma9ta9$ t ?is toad 0 ! god :i* he ador$4 ,an impi\s mean+ 0 attribut$ to sev]al passages ( 8 books1 a ?+ :i* is bo? common & easy1 by tak+ objections = answ]s1 giv+ "s bad s5se to a loose phrase1 & p]v]t+ an innoc5t expression4 ,at la/1 ! faction :i* oppress$ him =c$ f 8 judges ! s5t5ce :i* condemn$ him to die4 ,9 ord] to ju/ify ?is execution x 0 necess>y to *>ge ! un=tunate man ) ! mo/ enorm\s ( crimes4 ,! grey fri>--! v grey fri> ,m>s5ne1 0 s besott$ z to publi% t ,van9i set out f ,naples1 ) twelve ( 8 apo/les1 to conv]t ! :ole _w to a!ism4 ,:at a pitiful tale6 ,h[ %\ld a poor prie/ h twelve m5 9 8 pay8 ,h[ %\ld he p]suade twelve ,neapolitans to travel at great exp5se1 9 ord] to spread ?is revolt+ doctr9e at ! p]il ( _! lives8 ,w\ld a k+ himself h x 9 8 p[] to pay twelve prea*]s ( a!ism8 ,no "o be=e ,fa!r ,m>s5ne _h advanc$ s enorm\s an absurdity4 ,b aft] him x 0 repeat$2 ! j\rnals & hi/orical diction>ies caught x1 & ! _w1 :i* loves ! extraord9>y1 has believ$ ! fable )\t exam9ation4 ,ev5 ,bayle1 9 8 miscellane\s ?\ghts 7,p5ses ,div]ses71 speaks ( ,van9i z ( an a!i/4 ,he cites 8 example 9 support ( 8 p>adox1 t a society ( a!i/s might exi/4 ,he assures u t ,van9i 0 a man ( v regul> morals1 & t he 0 a m>tyr to 8 philosophical op9ions4 ,on bo? ^! po9ts he is equally mi/ak54 ,van9i in=ms u 9 8 ,dialogues1 writt5 9 imitation ( ,erasmus1 t he _h a mi/ress nam$ ,isabel4 ,he 0 z free 9 8 writ+s z 9 8 conduct2 b he 0 n an a!i/4 ,a c5tury aft] 8 dea?1 ! le>n$ ,lacroze1 & he :o took ! "n ( ,philaletes1 endeavor$ to ju/ify him4 ,b z no "o c>es any?+ ab\t ! memory ( an un=tunate ,neapolitan1 sc>cely any "o has read ^! apologies4 ,! ,jesuit ,h>d\91 m le>n$ & no less ra% ?an ,g>asse1 9 8 book entitl$ ,a!i ,detecti *>ges ! ,desc>tes1 ! ,arnaulds1 ! ,pascals1 ! ,malebran*es1 ) a!ism4 ,happily1 ,van9i's fate 0 n !irs4 ,,section ,,iv4 ,a ^w on ! "q 9 morals1 agitat$ by ,bayle1 ,:e!r a society ( a!i/s c exi/4 ,"h let u fir/ obs]ve ! enorm\s self-contradictions ( m5 9 disputation4 ,^? :o h be5 mo/ viol5t 9 oppos+ ! op9ion ( ,bayle1 ^? :o h d5i$ ) ! greate/ virul5ce ! possibility ( a society ( a!i/s1 are ! v m5 :o h s9ce ma9ta9$ ) equal ardor t a!ism is ! religion ( ! ,*9ese gov]nm5t4 ,!y h mo/ assur$ly be5 mi/ak5 conc]n+ ! gov]nm5t ( ,*9a2 !y _h only to read ! edicts ( ! emp]ors ( t va/ c\ntry1 & !y w\ld h se5 t ^? edicts are s]mons1 9 :i* a ,supreme ,be+--gov]n+1 av5g+1 & rew>d+--is cont9ually spok5 (4 ,b1 at ! same "t1 !y are no less deceiv$ respect+ ! impossibility ( a society ( a!i/s2 nor c ,i conceive h[ ,bayle c\ld =get a /rik+ in/ance :i* might h r5d]$ 8 cause victori\s4 ,9 :at does ! app>5t impossibility ( a society ( a!i/s consi/8 ,9 ?is3 ,x is judg$ t m5 )\t "s re/ra9t c\ld n live toge!r2 t laws h no p[] aga9/ secret crimes2 & t x is necess>y to h an av5g+ ,god--puni%+1 9 ?is _w or 9 ! next1 su* z escape human ju/ice4 ,! laws ( ,moses1 x is true1 did n tea* ! doctr9e ( a life to come1 did n ?reat5 ) *a/isem5ts aft] dea?1 nor ev5 tea* ! primitive ,jews ! immortality ( ! s\l2 b ! ,jews1 f> f be+ a!i/s1 f> f believ+ t !y c\ld elude ! div9e v5geance1 7 ! mo/ religi\s ( m54 ,!y believ$ n only 9 ! exi/5ce ( an et]nal ,god1 b t ,he 0 always pres5t among !m2 !y trembl$ le/ !y %\ld be puni%$ 9 !mselves1 _! wives1 _! *ildr51 _! po/]ity to ! f\r? g5]ation4 ,?is 0 a v p[]ful *eck4 ,b among ! ,g5tiles v>i\s sects _h no re/ra9t2 ! ,skeptics d\bt$ ( ev]y?+2 ! ,academics susp5d$ _! judgm5t on ev]y?+2 ! ,epicureans 7 p]suad$ t ! ,div9ity c\ld n m$dle 9 human affairs1 & 9 _! he>ts admitt$ no ,div9ity4 ,!y 7 conv9c$ t ! s\l is n a sub/ance1 b a faculty :i* is born & p]i%es ) ! body2 consequ5tly1 !y _h no re/ra9t b t ( morality & honor4 ,! ,roman s5ators & knights 7 9 reality a!i/s2 = to m5 :o nei!r fe>$ nor hop$ any?+ f !m1 ! gods c\ld n exi/4 ,! ,roman s5ate1 !n1 9 ! "t ( ,cs> & ,cic]o1 0 9 fact an assembly ( a!i/s4 ,t great orator1 9 8 oration = ,clu5tius1 says to ! :ole assembl$ s5ate3 ,:at does he lose by dea?8 ,we reject all ! silly fables ab\t ! inf]nal regions4 ,:at1 !n1 c dea? take f him8 ,no?+ b ! susceptibility ( sorr[4 ,does n ,cs>1 wi%+ to save ! life ( 8 fri5d ,catil9e1 ?reat5$ by ! same ,cic]o1 object t to put a crim9al to dea? is n to puni% him--t dea? is no?+--t x is b ! t]m9ation ( our ills--a mom5t r =tunate ?an calamit\s8 ,did n ,cic]o & ! :ole s5ate yield to ?is reason+8 ,! conqu]ors & legislators ( all ! kn[n _w !n1 evid5tly1 =m$ a society ( m5 :o fe>$ no?+ f ! gods1 b 7 real a!i/s4 ,bayle next exam9es :e!r idolatry is m dang]\s ?an a!ism--:e!r x is a great] crime n to believe 9 ! ,div9ity ?an to h unwor?y notions ( x2 9 ?is he ?9ks ) ,plut>*--t x is bett] to h no op9ion ?an a bad op9ion2 b1 )\t (f5ce to ,plut>*1 x 0 inf9itely bett] t ! ,greeks %\ld fe> ,c]es1 ,neptune1 & ,jupit] ?an t !y %\ld fe> no?+ at all4 ,x is cle> t ! sanctity ( oa?s is necess>y2 & t ^? are m to be tru/$ :o ?9k a false oa? w be puni%$1 ?an ^? :o ?9k !y may take a false oa? ) impunity4 ,x _c be d\bt$ t1 9 an organiz$ society1 x is bett] to h ev5 a bad religion ?an no religion at all4 ,x appe>s !n t ,bayle %\ld r h exam9$ :e!r a!ism or fanaticism is ! mo/ dang]\s4 ,fanaticism is c]ta9ly a ?\s& times ! mo/ to be dread$2 = a!ism inspires no sangu9>y passion1 b fanaticism does2 a!ism does n oppose crime1 b fanaticism prompts to its commission4 ,let u suppose1 ) ! au?or ( ! ,comm5t>ium ,return ,gallic>um1 t ! ,high-,*ancellor de l',hpital 0 an a!i/2 he made none b wise laws2 he recomm5d$ only mod]ation & concord4 ,! massacres ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew 7 committ$ by fanatics4 ,hobbes pass$ = an a!i/2 yet he l$ a life ( innoc5ce & quiet1 :ile ! fanatics ( 8 "t delug$ ,engl&1 ,scotl&1 & ,irel& ) blood4 ,sp9oza 0 n only an a!i/--he taught a!ism2 b assur$ly he _h no "p 9 ! judicial assass9ation ( ,b>neveldt2 nor 0 x he :o tore 9 pieces ! two bro!rs ,de ,witt1 & ate !m (f ! gridiron4 ,a!i/s are1 = ! mo/ "p1 m5 ( le>n+1 bold b bewild]$1 :o reason ill &1 unable to compreh5d ! creation1 ! orig9 ( evil1 & o!r difficulties1 h rec\rse to ! hypo!sis ( ! et]nity ( ?+s & ( necessity4 ,! ambiti\s & ! voluptu\s h b little "t to reason2 !y h o!r occupations ?an t ( comp>+ ,lucretius ) ,socrates4 ,su* is ! case ) u & our "t4 ,x 0 o!rwise ) ! ,roman s5ate1 :i* 0 compos$ almo/ entirely ( !oretical & practical a!i/s1 t is1 believ+ nei!r 9 ,provid5ce nor 9 a future /ate2 ?is s5ate 0 an assembly ( philosoph]s1 m5 ( pleasure1 & ambiti\s m51 :o 7 all v dang]\s1 & :o ru9$ ! commonweal?4 ,"u ! emp]ors1 ,epicureanism prevail$4 ,! a!i/s ( ! s5ate _h be5 facti\s 9 ! times ( ,sulla & ( ,cs>2 9 ^? ( ,augu/us & ,tib]ius1 !y 7 a!i/ical slaves4 ,i %\ld n wi% to come 9 ! way ( an a!i/ical pr9ce1 ^: int]e/ x %\ld be to h me p\nd$ 9 a mort>2 ,i am q sure t ,i %\ld be s p\nd$4 ,7 ,i a sov]eign1 ,i w\ld n h to d ) a!i/ical c\rti]s1 ^: int]e/ x 0 to poison me2 ,i %\ld be "u ! necessity ( tak+ an antidote e day4 ,x is !n absolutely necess>y = pr9ces & p t ! idea ( a ,supreme ,be+--creat+1 gov]n+1 rew>d+1 & puni%+--be pr(\ndly engrav$ on _! m9ds4 ,!re are1 nations ( a!i/s1 says ,bayle 9 8 ,?\ghts on ,comets4 ,! ,kaffirs1 ! ,hott5tots1 & _m o!r small populations1 h no god2 !y nei!r affirm nor d5y t !re is "o2 !y h nev] he>d ( ,him2 tell !m t !re is "o1 & !y w easily believe x2 tell !m t all is done by ! nature ( ?+s1 & !y w believe y j ! same4 ,to pret5d t !y are a!i/s w\ld be l say+ !y are anti-,c>tesians4 ,!y are nei!r = ,desc>tes nor aga9/ him2 !y are no m ?an *ildr52 a *ild is nei!r a!i/ nor dei/2 he is no?+4 ,f all ?is1 :at conclusion is to be drawn8 ,t a!ism is a mo/ p]nici\s mon/] 9 ^? :o gov]n2 t x is ! same 9 ! m5 ( _! cab9et1 s9ce x may ext5d itself f ! cab9et to ^? 9 (fice2 t1 al?\gh less to be dread$ ?an fanaticism1 x is almo/ always fatal to virtue4 ,& especially1 let x be add$1 t !re are few] a!i/s n[ ?an ev]--s9ce philosoph]s h become p]suad$ t !re is no vegetative be+ )\t a g]m1 no g]m )\t a design1 etc41 & t ! corn 9 our fields does n spr+ f rott5ness4 ,unphilosophical geometricians h reject$ f9al causes1 b true philosoph]s admit !m2 &1 z x is else:]e obs]v$1 a cate*i/ ann\nces ,god to *ildr51 & ,newton demon/rates ,him to ! wise4 ,if !re be a!i/s1 :o are to blame8 ,:o b ! m]c5>y tyrants ( our s\ls1 :o1 :ile disgu/+ u ) _! knav]y1 urge "s weak spirits to d5y ! ,god :om su* mon/]s di%onor8 ,h[ (t5 h ! p's bloodsuck]s =c$ ov]burd5$ citiz5s to revolt aga9/ ! k+6 ,m5 :o h fatt5$ on our sub/ance1 cry out to u3 ,be p]suad$ t an ass spoke2 believe t a fi% swall[$ a man1 & ?rew him up ?ree days aft]1 safe & s\nd1 on ! %ore2 d\bt n t ! ,god ( ! univ]se ord]$ "o ,jewi% prophet to eat excrem5t1 & ano!r to buy two pro/itutes1 & h ba/>ds by !m2 su* are ! words put into ! m\? ( ! ,god ( purity & tru?6 ,believe a hundr$ ?+s ei!r visibly abom9able or ma!matically impossible2 o!rwise ! ,god ( ,m]cy w burn y 9 hell-fire1 n only = millions ( millions ( ages1 b = all et]nity1 :e!r y h a body or h n a body4 ,^! brutal absurdities are revolt+ to ra% & weak m9ds1 z well z to firm & wise ones4 ,!y say3 ,our tea*]s repres5t ,god to u z ! mo/ ins5sate & b>b>\s ( all be+s2 !re=e1 !re is no ,god4 ,b !y ought to say1 ,our tea*]s repres5t ,god z furi\s & ridicul\s1 !re=e ,god is ! rev]se ( :at !y describe ,him2 ,he is z wise & good z !y say ,he is fooli% & wick$4 ,?us d ! wise decide4 ,b1 if a fanatic he>s !m1 he d5\nces !m to a magi/rate--a sort ( prie/'s (fic]1 :i* (fic] has !m burn$ alive1 ?9k+ t he is !re9 imitat+ & av5g+ ! ,div9e ,maje/y :i* he insults4 ,,a!i/4 ,,section ,i4 ,!re 7 once _m a!i/s among ! ,*ri/ians2 !y are n[ mu* few]4 ,x at fir/ appe>s to be a p>adox1 b exam9ation proves x to be a tru?1 t !ology (t5 ?rew m5's m9ds into a!ism1 until philosophy at l5g? drew !m out ( x4 ,x mu/ inde$ h be5 p>donable to d\bt ( ! ,div9ity1 :5 ,8 only ann\nc]s disput$ on ,8 nature4 ,ne>ly all ! fir/ ,fa!rs ( ! ,*ur* made ,god corporeal1 & o!rs1 aft] !m1 giv+ ,him no ext5t1 lodg$ ,him 9 a "p ( heav54 ,accord+ to "s1 ,he _h creat$ ! _w 9 ,"t2 :ile1 accord+ to o!rs1 ,he _h creat$ ,"t itself4 ,"s gave ,him a ,son l to ,himself2 o!rs w\ld n grant t ! ,son 0 l to ! ,fa!r4 ,x 0 also disput$ 9 :at way a ?ird p]son proce$$ f ! o!r two4 ,x 0 agitat$ :e!r ! ,son _h be51 :ile on e>?1 compos$ ( two p]sons4 ,s t ! "q undesign$ly became1 :e!r !re 7 five p]sons 9 ! ,div9ity--?ree 9 heav5 & two = ,jesus ,*ri/ ^u e>?2 or f\r p]sons1 reckon+ ,*ri/ ^u e>? z only "o2 or ?ree p]sons1 consid]+ ,*ri/ only z ,god4 ,!re 7 disputes ab\t ,8 "m1 ,8 desc5t into hell & into limbo2 ! mann] 9 :i* ! body ( ! ,god-man 0 eat51 & ! blood ( ! ,god-man 0 drunk2 on grace2 on ! sa9ts1 & a ?\s& o!r matt]s4 ,:5 ! confidants ( ! ,div9ity 7 se5 s mu* at v>iance among !mselves ana!matiz+ "o ano!r f age to age1 b all agree+ 9 an immod]ate ?ir/ = ri*es & gr&eur--:ile1 on ! o!r h&1 7 beheld ! prodigi\s numb] ( crimes & mis]ies :i* afflict$ ! e>?1 & ( :i* _m 7 caus$ by ! v disputes ( ^! tea*]s ( s\ls--x mu/ be confess$ t x 0 all[able = rational m5 to d\bt ! exi/5ce ( a be+ s /rangely ann\nc$1 & = m5 ( s5se to imag9e t a ,god1 :o c\ld ( ,8 own free w make s _m be+s mis]able1 did n exi/4 ,suppose1 = example1 a natural philosoph] ( ! fifte5? c5tury read+ ^! words 9 ,/4 ,?omas's ,dream3 ,virtus cli1 loco sp]matis1 sufficit cum elem5tis et putrefactione ad g5]ationem animalium imp]fectorum4 ,! virtue ( heav5 in/ead ( se$ is suffici5t1 ) ! elem5ts & putrefaction1 = ! g5]ation ( imp]fect animals4 ,our philosoph] w\ld reason ?us3 ,if corruption suffices ) ! elem5ts to produce un=m$ animals1 x w\ld appe> t a little m corruption1 ) a little m heat1 w\ld also produce animals m complete4 ,! virtue ( heav5 is "h no o!r ?an ! virtue ( nature4 ,i %all !n ?9k1 ) ,epicurus & ,/4 ,?omas1 t m5 may h sprung f ! slime ( ! e>? & ! rays ( ! sun--a noble orig91 too1 = be+s s wret*$ & s wick$4 ,:y %\ld ,i admit a creat+ ,god1 pres5t$ to me "u s _m contradictory & revolt+ aspects8 ,b at l5g? physics arose1 & ) !m philosophy4 ,!n x 0 cle>ly discov]$ t ! mud ( ! ,nile produc$ n a s+le insect1 nor a s+le e> ( corn1 & m5 7 f\nd to ackn[l$ge ?r\gh\t1 g]ms1 relations1 means1 & an a/oni%+ correspond5ce among all be+s4 ,! p>ticles ( light h be5 foll[$1 :i* g f ! sun to enlight5 ! globe & ! r+ ( ,saturn1 at ! di/ance ( ?ree hundr$ millions ( leagues2 !n1 com+ to ! e>?1 =m two opposite angles 9 ! eye ( ! m9ute/ insect1 & pa9t all nature on its ret9a4 ,a philosoph] 0 giv5 to ! _w :o discov]$ ! simple & sublime laws by :i* ! cele/ial globes move 9 ! imm5sity ( space4 ,?us ! "w ( ! univ]se1 n[ t x is bett] kn[n1 bespeaks a workman1 & s _m nev]-v>y+ laws ann\nce a lawgiv]4 ,s\nd philosophy1 !re=e1 has de/roy$ a!ism1 to :i* obscure !ology furni%$ weapons ( def5ce4 ,b "o res\rce 0 left = ! small numb] ( difficult m9ds1 :i*1 be+ m =cibly /ruck by ! pret5d$ inju/ices ( a ,supreme ,be+ ?an by 8 wisdom1 7 ob/9ate 9 d5y+ ?is fir/ mov]4 ,nature has exi/$ f all et]nity2 ev]y?+ 9 nature is 9 motion1 !re=e ev]y?+ 9 x cont9ually *anges4 ,& if ev]y?+ is =ev] *ang+1 all possible comb9ations mu/ take place2 !re=e ! pres5t comb9ations ( all ?+s may h be5 ! effect ( ?is et]nal motion & *ange alone4 ,take six dice1 & x is #df1fee to "o t y d n ?r[ six times six4 ,b /ill !re is t "o *ance 9 #df1fef4 ,s1 9 ! inf9ity ( ages1 any "o ( ! inf9ite numb] ( comb9ations1 z t ( ! pres5t arrangem5t ( ! univ]se1 is n impossible4 ,m9ds1 o!rwise rational1 h be5 misl$ by ^! argum5ts2 b !y h n consid]$ t !re is inf9ity aga9/ !m1 & t !re c]ta9ly is n inf9ity aga9/ ! exi/5ce ( ,god4 ,!y %\ld1 moreov]1 consid] t if ev]y?+ 7 *ang+1 ! smalle/ ?+s c\ld n rema9 un*ang$1 z !y h s long done4 ,!y h at lea/ no reason to advance :y new species are n =m$ e day4 ,on ! contr>y1 x is v probable t a p[]ful h&1 sup]ior to ^! cont9ual *anges1 keeps all species )9 ! b\nds x1 has prescrib$ !m4 ,?us ! philosoph]1 :o ackn[l$ges a ,god1 has a numb] ( probabilities on 8 side1 :ile ! a!i/ has only d\bts4 ,x is evid5t t 9 morals x is mu* bett] to ackn[l$ge a ,god ?an n to admit "o4 ,x is c]ta9ly to ! int]e/ ( all m5 t !re %\ld be a ,div9ity to puni% :at human1 ju/ice _c repress2 b x is also cle> t x 7 bett] to ackn[l$ge no ,god ?an to wor%ip a b>b>\s "o1 & (f] ,him human victims1 z s _m nations h done4 ,we h "o /rik+ example1 :i* places ?is tru? beyond a d\bt4 ,! ,jews1 "u ,moses1 _h no idea ( ! immortality ( ! s\l1 nor ( a future /ate4 ,_! lawgiv] ann\nc$ to !m1 f ,god1 only rew>ds & puni%m5ts purely temporal2 !y1 !re=e1 _h only ?is life to provide =4 ,moses comm&s ! ,levites to kill tw5ty-?ree ?\s& ( _! bre?r5 = hav+ _h a gold5 or gild$ calf4 ,on ano!r occasion tw5ty-f\r ?\s& ( !m are massacr$ = hav+ _h comm]ce ) ! "y wom5 ( ! c\ntry2 & twelve ?\s& are /ruck dead because "s few ( !m _h wi%$ to support ! ark1 :i* 0 ne> fall+4 ,x may1 ) p]fect rev]5ce = ! decrees ( ,provid5ce1 be affirm$1 humanly speak+1 t x w\ld h be5 mu* bett] = ^! fifty-n9e ?\s& m51 :o believ$ 9 no future /ate1 to h be5 absolute a!i/s & h liv$1 ?an to h be5 massacr$ 9 ! "n ( ! ,god :om !y ackn[l$g$4 ,x is q c]ta9 t a!ism is n taught 9 ! s*ools ( ! le>n$ ( ,*9a1 b _m ( ^? le>n$ m5 are a!i/s1 = !y are indiff]5t philosoph]s4 ,n[ x w\ld und\bt$ly be bett] to live ) !m at ,pek91 enjoy+ ! mildness ( _! mann]s & _! laws1 ?an to be at ,goa1 liable to groan 9 irons1 9 ! prisons ( ! inquisition1 until br\ght out 9 a brim/one-color$ g>m5t1 v>iegat$ ) devils1 to p]i% 9 ! flames4 ,!y :o h ma9ta9$ t a society ( a!i/s may exi/ h !n be5 "r1 = x is laws t =m society1 & ^! a!i/s1 be+ moreov] philosoph]s1 may lead a v wise & happy life "u ! %ade ( ^? laws4 ,!y w c]ta9ly live 9 society m easily ?an sup]/iti\s fanatics4 ,p "o t[n ) ,epicureans su* z ,simonides1 ,protagoras1 ,des ,b>reux1 ,sp9oza2 & ano!r ) ,jans5i/s & ,mol9i/s4 ,9 :i* d y ?9k !re w be ! mo/ qu>rels & tumults8 ,a!ism1 consid]+ x only ) relation to ?is life1 w\ld be v dang]\s among a f]oci\s p1 & false ideas ( ! ,div9ity w\ld be no less p]nici\s4 ,mo/ ( ! great m5 ( ?is _w live z if !y 7 a!i/s4 ,e man :o has liv$ ) 8 eyes op5 kn[s t ! k ( a ,god1 ,8 pres5ce1 & ,8 ju/ice1 has n ! slighte/ influ5ce ov] ! w>s1 ! treaties1 ! objects ( ambition1 int]e/ or pleasure1 9 ! pursuit ( :i* !y are :olly occupi$4 ,yet we d n see t !y grossly violate ! rules e/abli%$ 9 society4 ,x is mu* m agreeable to pass our lives among !m ?an among ! sup]/iti\s & fanatical4 ,i d1 x is true1 expect m ju/ice f "o :o believes 9 a ,god ?an f "o :o has no su* belief2 b f ! sup]/iti\s ,i look only = bitt]ness & p]secution4 ,a!ism & fanaticism are two mon/]s :i* may te> society 9 pieces2 b ! a!i/ pres]ves 8 reason1 :i* *ecks 8 prop5sity to mis*ief1 :ile ! fanatic is "u ! influ5ce ( a madness :i* is con/antly urg+ him on4 ,,section ,,ii4 ,9 ,engl&1 z ev]y:]e else1 !re h be51 & !re /ill are1 _m a!i/s by pr9ciple2 = !re are none b "y1 inexp]i5c$ prea*]s1 v ill-in=m$ ( :at passes 9 ! _w1 :o affirm t !re _c be a!i/s4 ,i h kn[n "s 9 ,france1 :o 7 q good natural philosoph]s2 & h1 ,i own1 be5 v mu* surpris$ t m5 :o c\ld s ably develop ! secret spr+s ( nature %\ld ob/9ately refuse to ackn[l$ge ! h& :i* s evid5tly puts ^? spr+s 9 action4 ,x appe>s to me t "o ( ! pr9ciples :i* leads !m to mat]ialism is t !y believe 9 ! pl5titude & inf9ity ( ! univ]se1 & ! et]nity ( matt]4 ,x mu/ be ?is :i* misleads !m1 = almo/ all ! ,newtonians :om ,i h met admit ! void & ! t]m9ation ( matt]1 & consequ5tly admit a ,god4 ,inde$1 if matt] be inf9ite1 z s _m philosoph]s1 ev5 includ+ ,desc>tes1 pret5d1 x has ( itself "o ( ! attributes ( ! ,supreme ,be+3 if a void be impossible1 matt] exi/s ( necessity2 x has exi/$ f all et]nity4 ,) ^! pr9ciples1 !re=e1 we may disp5se ) ,god1 creat+1 modify+1 & pres]v+ matt]4 ,i am aw>e t ,desc>tes1 & mo/ ( ! s*ools :i* h believ$ 9 ! pl5um1 & ! inf9ity ( matt]1 h nev]!less admitt$ a ,god2 b ?is is only because m5 sc>cely ev] reason or act ^u _! pr9ciples4 ,_h m5 reason$1 consequ5tly1 ,epicurus & 8 apo/le ,lucretius mu/ h be5 ! mo/ religi\s ass]tors ( ! ,provid5ce :i* !y combat$2 = :5 !y admitt$ ! void & ! t]m9ation ( matt]1 a tru? ( :i* !y _h only an imp]fect glimpse1 x necess>ily foll[$ t matt] 0 ! be+ ( necessity1 exi/+ by itself1 s9ce x 0 n indef9ite4 ,!y _h1 !re=e1 9 _! own philosophy1 & 9 _! own despite1 a demon/ration t !re is a ,supreme ,be+1 necess>y1 inf9ite1 ! fabricator ( ! univ]se4 ,newton's philosophy1 :i* admits & proves ! void & f9ite matt]1 also demon/ratively proves ! exi/5ce ( a ,god4 ,?us ,i reg>d true philosoph]s z ! apo/les ( ! ,div9ity4 ,ea* class ( m5 requires its p>ticul> ones2 a p>i% cate*i/ tells *ildr5 t !re is a ,god1 b ,newton proves x to ! wise4 ,9 ,london1 "u ,*>les ,,ii4 aft] ,cromwell's w>s1 z at ,p>is "u ,h5ry ,,iv4 aft] ! w> ( ! ,guises1 p took great pride 9 be+ a!i/s2 hav+ pass$ f ! excess ( cruelty to t ( pleasure1 & corrupt$ _! m9ds successively by w> & by voluptu\sness1 !y reason$ v indiff]5tly4 ,s9ce !n ! m nature has be5 /udi$ ! bett] its ,au?or has be5 kn[n4 ,"o ?+ ,i w v5ture to believe1 :i* is1 t ( all religions1 !ism is ! mo/ widely spread 9 ! _w4 ,x is ! prevail+ religion ( ,*9a2 x is t ( ! wise among ! ,mahometans2 &1 among ,*ri/ian philosoph]s1 eight out ( t5 are ( ! same op9ion4 ,x has p5etrat$ ev5 into ! s*ools ( !ology1 into ! cloi/]s1 into ! conclave2 x is a sort ( sect )\t association1 )\t wor%ip1 )\t c]emonies1 )\t disputes1 & )\t zeal1 spread ?r\gh ! _w )\t hav+ be5 prea*$4 ,!ism1 l ,judaism1 is to be f\nd amid/ all religions2 b x is s+ul> t ! latt]1 :i* is ! extreme ( sup]/ition1 abhorr$ by ! p & contemn$ by ! wise1 is ev]y:]e tol]at$ = money2 :ile ! =m]1 :i* is ! opposite ( sup]/ition1 unkn[n to ! p1 & embrac$ by philosoph]s alone1 is publicly ex]cis$ n[h]e b 9 ,*9a4 ,!re is no c\ntry 9 ,europe :]e !re are m !i/s ?an 9 ,engl&4 ,"s p]sons ask :e!r !y h a religion or n4 ,!re are two sorts ( !i/s4 ,! "o sort ?9k t ,god made ! _w )\t giv+ man rules = good & evil4 ,x is cle> t ^! %\ld h no o!r "n ?an t ( philosoph]s4 ,! o!rs believe t ,god gave to man a natural law4 ,^!1 x is c]ta91 h a religion1 ?\gh !y h no ext]nal wor%ip4 ,!y are1 ) ref]5ce to ! ,*ri/ian religion1 peaceful enemies1 :i* %e c>ries 9 h] bosom2 !y r5\nce )\t any design ( de/roy+ h]4 ,all o!r sects desire to pr$om9ate1 l political bodies1 :i* seek to fe$ on ! sub/ance ( o!rs1 & rise ^u _! ru92 !ism has always la9 quiet4 ,!i/s h nev] be5 f\nd caball+ 9 any /ate4 ,!re 0 9 ,london a society ( !i/s1 :o = "s "t cont9u$ to meet toge!r4 ,!y _h a small book ( _! laws1 9 :i* religion1 on :i* s _m pond]\s volumes h be5 writt51 occupi$ only two pages4 ,_! pr9cipal axiom 0 ?is3 ,morality is ! same among all m52 !re=e x comes f ,god4 ,wor%ip is v>i\s2 !re=e x is ! "w ( man4 ,! second axiom 03 ,m51 be+ all bre?r51 & ackn[l$g+ ! same ,god1 x is execrable t bre?r5 %\ld p]secute bre?r51 because !y te/ify _! love = ! common fa!r 9 a diff]5t mann]4 ,inde$1 said !y1 :at upright man w\ld kill 8 eld] bro!r because "o ( !m _h salut$ _! fa!r aft] ! ,*9ese & ! o!r aft] ! ,dut* fa%ion1 especially :ile x 0 undecid$ 9 :at way ! fa!r wi%$ _! rev]5ce to be made to him8 ,surely he :o %\ld act ?us w\ld be a bad bro!r r ?an a good son4 ,i am well aw>e t ^! maxims lead directly to ! abom9able & execrable dogma ( tol]ation2 b ,i d no m ?an simply relate ! fact4 ,i am v c>eful n to become a controv]siali/4 ,x mu/1 h[ev]1 be admitt$ t if ! diff]5t sects into :i* ,*ri/ians h be5 divid$ _h possess$ ?is mod]ation1 ,*ri/ianity w\ld h be5 di/urb$ by few] disord]s1 %ak5 by few] revolutions1 & /a9$ ) less blood4 ,let u pity ! !i/s = combat+ our holy revelation4 ,b :5ce comes x t s _m ,calv9i/s1 ,lu!rans1 ,anabapti/s1 ,ne/orians1 ,arians1 p>tisans ( ,rome1 & enemies ( ,rome1 h be5 s sangu9>y1 s b>b>\s1 & s mis]able1 n[ p]secut+1 n[ p]secut$8 ,x is because !y h be5 ! multitude4 ,:5ce is x t !i/s1 ?\gh 9 error1 h nev] done h>m to mank9d8 ,because !y h be5 philosoph]s4 ,! ,*ri/ian religion has co/ ! human species sev5te5 millions ( m51 reckon+ only "o million p] c5tury1 :o h p]i%$ ei!r by ! h&s ( ! ord9>y execution]1 or by ^? ( execution]s paid & l$ to battle--all = ! salvation ( s\ls & ! great] glory ( ,god4 ,i h he>d m5 express a/oni%m5t t a religion s mod]ate1 & s app>5tly con=mable to reason1 z !ism1 has n be5 spread among ! p4 ,among ! great & little vulg> may be f\nd pi\s h]b-wom51 ,mol9i/ du*esses1 scrupul\s seam/resses :o w\ld g to ! /ake = anabaptism1 dev\t hackney-coa*m51 mo/ det]m9$ 9 ! cause ( ,lu!r or ( ,arius1 b no !i/s2 = !ism _c s mu* be call$ a religion z a sy/em ( philosophy1 & ! vulg>1 :e!r great or little1 are n philosoph]s4 ,locke 0 a decl>$ !i/4 ,i 0 a/oni%$ to f9d1 9 t great philosoph]'s *apt] on innate ideas1 t m5 h all diff]5t ideas ( ju/ice4 ,7 su* ! case1 morality w\ld no long] be ! same2 ! voice ( ,god w\ld n be he>d by man2 natural religion w\ld be at an end4 ,i am will+ to believe1 ) him1 t !re are nations 9 :i* m5 eat _! fa!rs1 & :]e to lie ) a neighbor's wife is to d him a fri5dly (fice2 b if ?is be true x does n prove t ! law1 ,d n unto o!rs t :i* y w\ld n h o!rs d unto y1 is n g5]al4 ,= if a fa!r be eat51 x is :5 he has gr[n old1 is too feeble to crawl along1 & w\ld o!rwise be eat5 by ! enemy4 ,&1 ,i ask1 :at fa!r w\ld n furni% a good meal to 8 son r ?an to ! enemies ( 8 nation8 ,besides1 he :o eats 8 fa!r hopes t he 9 turn %all be eat5 by 8 *ildr54 ,if a s]vice be r5d]$ to a neighbor by ly+ ) 8 wife1 x is :5 he _c himself h a *ild1 & is desir\s ( hav+ "o2 o!rwise he w\ld be v angry4 ,9 bo? ^! cases1 & 9 all o!rs1 ! natural law1 ,d n to ano!r t :i* y w\ld n h ano!r d to y1 rema9s unbrok54 ,all ! o!r rules1 s diff]5t & s v>i$1 may be ref]r$ to ?is4 ,:51 !re=e1 ! wise metaphysician1 ,locke1 says t m5 h no innate ideas1 t !y h diff]5t ideas ( ju/ice & inju/ice1 he assur$ly does n mean to ass]t t ,god has n giv5 to all m5 t in/9ctive self-love by :i* !y are ( necessity guid$4 ,,atoms4 ,epicurus1 equally great z a g5ius1 & respectable 9 8 morals2 & aft] him ,lucretius1 :o =c$ ! ,lat9 language to express philosophical ideas1 &--to ! great admiration ( ,rome--to express !m 9 v]se--,epicurus & ,lucretius1 ,i say1 admitt$ atoms & ! void4 ,gass5di support$ ?is doctr9e1 & ,newton demon/rat$ x4 ,9 va9 did a remnant ( ,c>tesianism /ill combat = ! pl5um2 9 va9 did ,leibnitz1 :o _h at fir/ adopt$ ! rational sy/em ( ,epicurus1 ,lucretius1 ,gass5di1 & ,newton1 *ange 8 op9ion respect+ ! void aft] he _h embroil$ himself ) 8 ma/] ,newton4 ,! pl5um is n[ reg>d$ z a *im]a4 ,9 ?is ,epicurus & ,lucretius appe> to h be5 true philosoph]s1 & _! int]m$i>ies1 :o h be5 s mu* ridicul$1 7 no o!r ?an ! unresi/+ space 9 :i* ,newton has demon/rat$ t ! planets move r\nd _! orbits 9 times proportion$ to _! areas4 ,?us x 0 n ,epicurus' int]m$i>ies1 b 8 oppon5ts1 t 7 ridicul\s4 ,b :5 ,epicurus aft]w>ds tells u t 8 atoms decl9$ 9 ! void by *ance2 t ?is decl9ation =m$ m5 & animals by *ance2 t ! eyes 7 plac$ 9 ! upp] "p ( ! head & ! feet at ! end ( ! legs by *ance2 t e>s 7 n giv5 to he>1 b t ! decl9ation ( atoms hav+ =tuit\sly compos$ e>s1 m5 =tuit\sly made use ( !m to he> )--?is madness1 call$ physics1 has be5 v ju/ly turn$ into ridicule4 ,s\nd philosophy1 !n1 has long di/+ui%$ :at is good 9 ,epicurus & ,lucretius1 f _! *im]as1 f\nd$ on imag9ation & ignorance4 ,! mo/ submissive m9ds h adopt$ ! doctr9e ( creation 9 "t1 & ! mo/ d>+ h admitt$ t ( creation be=e all "t4 ,"s h receiv$ ) fai? a univ]se produc$ f no?+2 o!rs1 unable to compreh5d ?is doctr9e 9 physics1 h believ$ t all be+s 7 emanations f ! ,great--! ,supreme & ,univ]sal ,be+2 b all h reject$ ! =tuit\s concurr5ce ( atoms2 all h ackn[l$g$ t *ance is a ^w )\t mean+4 ,:at we call *ance c be no o!r ?an ! unkn[n cause ( a kn[n effect4 ,:5ce comes x !n1 t philosoph]s are /ill accus$ ( ?9k+ t ! /up5d\s & indescribable arrangem5t ( ! univ]se is a production ( ! =tuit\s concurr5ce ( atoms--an effect ( *ance8 ,nei!r ,sp9oza nor any "o else has advanc$ ?is absurdity4 ,yet ! son ( ! great ,rac9e says1 9 8 poem on ,religion3 ,o toi6 qui follem5t fais ton ,dieu du has>d1 ,vi5s me dvelopp] ce nid qu'avec tant d'art1 ,au mme ordre t\j\rs ar*itecte fidle1 ,a l'aide de son bee maonne l'hirondelle2 ,comm5t1 p\r lev] ce h>di btim5t1 ,a-t-elle en le broyant arrondi son cim5t8 ,oh ye1 :o raise ,creation out ( *ance1 ,z er/ ,lucretius f ?' atomic dance6 ,come view ) me ! swall['s curi\s ne/1 ,:]e beauty1 art1 & ord]1 %9e confess$4 ,h[ c\ld rude *ance1 =ev] d>k & bl9d1 ,preside )9 ! little build]'s m9d8 ,c\ld %e1 ) accid5ts unnumb]$ cr[n$1 ,its mass conc5trate1 & its /ructure r\nd6 ,^! l9es are assur$ly ?r[n away4 ,no "o makes *ance 8 ,god2 no "o has said t :ile a swall[ temp]s 8 clay1 x takes ! =m ( 8 abode by *ance4 ,on ! contr>y1 x is said t he makes 8 ne/ by ! laws ( necessity1 :i* is ! opposite ( *ance4 ,! only "q n[ agitat$ is1 :e!r ! au?or ( nature has =m$ primordial p>ts unsusceptible ( division1 or if all is cont9ually divid+ & *ang+ into o!r elem5ts4 ,! fir/ sy/em seems to acc\nt = ev]y?+1 & ! second1 hi!rto at lea/1 = no?+4 ,if ! fir/ elem5ts ( ?+s 7 n inde/ructible "o elem5t might at la/ swall[ up all ! re/1 & *ange !m into its own sub/ance4 ,h5ce1 p]haps x 0 t ,emp$ocles imag9$ t ev]y?+ came f fire1 & w\ld be de/roy$ by fire4 ,?is "q ( atoms involves ano!r1 t ( ! divisibility ( matt] ad inf9itum4 ,! ^w atom signifies )\t p>ts--n to be divid$4 ,y divide x 9 ?\ght1 = if y 7 to divide x 9 reality x w\ld no long] be an atom4 ,y may divide a gra9 ( gold into eighte5 millions ( visible p>ts2 a gra9 ( copp] dissolv$ 9 _s ( sal ammoniac has exhibit$ upw>ds ( tw5ty-two ?\s& p>ts2 b :5 y h arriv$ at ! la/ elem5t ! atom escapes ! microscope1 & y c divide no fur!r except 9 imag9ation4 ,! inf9ite divisibility ( atoms is l "s propositions 9 geometry4 ,y may pass an inf9ity ( curves betwe5 a circle & its tang5t1 suppos+ ! circle & ! tang5t to be l9es )\t bread?2 b !re are no su* l9es 9 nature4 ,y likewise e/abli% t asymptotes w approa* "o ano!r )\t ev] meet+2 b x is "u ! supposition t !y are l9es hav+ l5g? )\t bread?--?+s :i* h only a speculative exi/5ce4 ,s1 also1 we repres5t unity by a l9e1 & divide ?is l9e & ?is unity into z _m fractions z y please2 b ?is inf9ity ( fractions w nev] be any o!r ?an our unity & our l9e4 ,x is n /rictly demon/rat$ t atoms are indivisible1 b x appe>s t !y are n divid$ by ! laws ( nature4 ,,av>ice4 ,av>ities1 amor hab5di--desire ( hav+1 avidity1 covet\sness4 ,prop]ly speak+1 av>ice is ! desire ( accumulat+1 :e!r 9 gra91 movables1 money1 or curiosities4 ,!re 7 av>ici\s m5 long be=e co9 0 inv5t$4 ,we d n call a man av>ici\s :o has f\r & tw5ty coa* horses1 yet w n l5d "o to 8 fri5d3 or :o1 hav+ two ?\s& bottles ( ,burgundy 9 8 cell>1 w n s5d y half a doz51 :5 he kn[s y to be 9 want ( !m4 ,if he %[ y a hundr$ ?\s& cr[ns' wor? ( diamonds y d n ?9k ( ask+ him to pres5t y ) "o wor? tw5ty livres2 y consid] him z a man ( great magnific5ce1 b n at all av>ici\s4 ,he :o 9 f9ance1 9 army contracts1 & great und]tak+s ga9$ two millions ea* ye>1 & :o1 :5 possess$ ( =ty-?ree millions1 besides 8 h\ses at ,p>is & 8 movables1 exp5d$ fifty ?\s& cr[ns p] annum = 8 table1 & sometimes l5t money to noblem5 at five p] c5t1 int]e/1 did n pass1 9 ! m9ds ( ! p1 = an av>ici\s man4 ,he _h1 h[ev]1 all 8 life burn$ ) ! ?ir/ ( ga92 ! demon ( covet\sness 0 p]petually torm5t+ him2 he cont9u$ to accumulate to ! la/ day ( 8 life4 ,?is passion1 :i* 0 con/antly gratifi$1 has nev] be5 call$ av>ice4 ,he did n exp5d a t5? "p ( 8 income1 yet he _h ! reputation ( a g5]\s man1 too fond ( spl5dor4 ,a fa!r ( a family :o1 ) an income ( tw5ty ?\s& livres1 exp5ds only five or six1 & accumulates 8 sav+s to portion 8 *ildr51 has ! reputation among 8 neighbors ( be+ av>ici\s1 mean1 /+y1 a nigg>d1 a mis]1 a grip-f>?+2 & e abusive epi!t t c be ?\ght ( is be/[$ ^u him4 ,nev]!less ?is good citiz5 is mu* m to be honor$ ?an ! ,crsus ,i h j m5tion$2 he exp5ds ?ree times z mu* 9 proportion4 ,b ! cause ( ! great diff]5ce betwe5 _! reputations is ?is3 ,m5 hate ! individual :om !y call av>ici\s only because !re is no?+ to be ga9$ by him4 ,! physician1 ! apo!c>y1 ! w9e-m]*ant1 ! drap]1 ! groc]1 ! saddl]1 & a few girls ga9 a good deal by our ,croesus1 :o is truly av>ici\s4 ,b ) our close & economical citiz5 !re is no?+ to be done4 ,!re=e he is load$ ) mal$ictions4 ,z = ^? among ! av>ici\s :o deprive !mselves ( ! necess>ies ( life1 we leave !m to ,plautus & ,molire4 ,,augury4 ,mu/ n a man be v ?or\ghly possess$ by ! demon ( etymology to say1 ) ,pezron & o!rs1 t ! ,roman ^w augurium came f ! ,celtic words au & gur8 ,accord+ to ^! le>n$ m5 au mu/1 among ! ,basques & ,bas-,bretons1 h signifi$ ! liv]1 because asu1 :i*1 7say !y7 signifi$ left1 d\btless /ood = ! liv]1 :i* is on ! "r side2 & gur meant man1 or yell[1 or r$1 9 t ,celtic tongue ( :i* we h n "o memorial4 ,truly ?is is p[]ful reason+4 ,absurd curiosity 7= we mu/ call ?+s by _! "r names7 has be5 c>ri$ s f> z to seek ,hebrew & ,*aldee d]ivations f c]ta9 ,teutonic & ,celtic words4 ,?is1 ,bo*>t nev] fails to d4 ,x is a/oni%+ ) :at confid5ce ^! m5 ( g5ius h prov$ t expressions us$ on ! banks ( ! ,tib] 7 borr[$ f ! patois ( ! savages ( ,biscay4 ,nay1 !y ev5 ass]t t ?is patois 0 "o ( ! fir/ idioms ( ! primitive language--! p>5t ( all o!r languages ?r\gh\t ! _w4 ,!y h only to proce$1 & say t all ! v>i\s notes ( birds come f ! cry ( ! two fir/ p>rots1 f :i* e o!r species ( birds has be5 produc$4 ,! religi\s folly ( auguries 0 orig9ally f\nd$ on v s\nd & natural obs]vations4 ,! birds ( passage h always m>k$ ! progress ( ! seasons4 ,we see !m come 9 flocks 9 ! spr+1 & return 9 ! autumn4 ,! cuckoo is he>d only 9 f9e wea!r1 :i* 8 note seems to invite4 ,! swall[s1 skimm+ along ! gr\nd1 ann\nce ra94 ,ea* climate has its bird1 :i* is 9 effect its augury4 ,among ! obs]v+ "p ( mank9d !re 71 no d\bt1 knaves :o p]suad$ fools t !re 0 some?+ div9e 9 ^! animals1 & t _! flight presag$ our de/9ies1 :i* 7 writt5 on ! w+s ( a sp>r[ j z cle>ly z 9 ! />s4 ,! comm5tators on ! allegorical & int]e/+ /ory ( ,joseph sold by 8 bre?r51 & made ,ph>aoh's prime m9i/] = hav+ expla9$ 8 dreams1 inf] t ,joseph 0 skill$ 9 ! sci5ce ( auguries1 f ! circum/ance t ,joseph's /ew>d is comm&$ to say to 8 bre?r51 ,is n ?is x 7! silv] cup7 9 :i* my "l dr9ke?8 & :]eby inde$ he div9e?8 ,joseph1 hav+ caus$ 8 bre?r5 to be br\ght back be=e him1 says to !m3 ,:at de$ is ?is t ye h done8 ,wot ye n t su* a man z ,i c c]ta9ly div9e8 ,judah ackn[l$ges1 9 ! "n ( 8 bre?r51 t ,joseph is a great div9]1 & t ,god has inspir$ him3 ,god ha? f\nd out ! iniquity ( ?y s]vants4 ,at t "t !y took ,joseph = an ,egyptian "l4 ,x is evid5t f ! text t !y believe ! ,god ( ! ,egyptians & ( ! ,jews _h discov]$ to ?is m9i/] ! !ft ( 8 cup4 ,"h1 !n1 we h auguries or div9ation cle>ly e/abli%$ 9 ! ,book ( ,g5esis2 s cle>ly t x is aft]w>ds =bidd5 9 ,leviticus3 ,ye %all n eat any?+ ) ! blood2 nei!r %all ye use en*antm5t nor obs]ve times4 ,ye %all n r\nd ! corn]s ( y\r heads1 nei!r %alt ?\ m> ! corn]s ( ?y be>d4 ,z = ! sup]/ition ( see+ ! future 9 a cup1 x /ill exi/s1 & is call$ see+ 9 a glass4 ,! individual mu/ nev] h kn[n pollution2 he mu/ turn t[>ds ! ea/1 & pron\nce ! words1 ,abraxa p] dom9um no/rum1 aft] :i* he w see 9 a glass ( wat] :atev] he pleases4 ,*ildr5 7 usually *os5 = ?is op]ation4 ,!y mu/ reta9 _! hair2 a %av5 head1 or "o we>+ a wig1 c see no?+ 9 a glass4 ,?is pa/ime 0 mu* 9 vogue 9 ,france dur+ ! reg5cy ( ! duke ( ,orleans1 & /ill m s 9 ! times prec$+4 ,z = auguries1 !y p]i%$ ) ! ,roman ,empire4 ,only ! bi%ops h reta9$ ! augurial /aff1 call$ ! crosi]2 :i* 0 ! di/9ctive m>k ( ! dignity ( augur2 s t ! symbol ( falsehood has become ! symbol ( tru?4 ,!re 7 innum]able k9ds ( div9ations1 ( :i* sev]al h rea*$ our latt] ages4 ,?is curiosity to read ! future is a malady :i* only philosophy c cure1 = ! weak m9ds t /ill practise ^! pret5d$ arts ( div9ation--ev5 ! fools :o give !mselves to ! devils--all make religion subs]vi5t to ^! pr(anations1 by :i* x is outrag$4 ,x is an obs]vation wor?y ( ! wise1 t ,cic]o1 :o 0 "o ( ! college ( augurs1 wrote a book = ! sole purpose ( turn+ auguries into ridicule2 b !y h likewise rem>k$ t ,cic]o1 at ! end ( 8 book1 says t sup]/ition %\ld be de/roy$1 b n religion4 ,=1 he adds1 ! beauty ( ! univ]se1 & ! ord] ( ! heav5ly bodies =ce u to ackn[l$ge an et]nal & p[]ful nature4 ,we mu/ ma9ta9 ! religion :i* is jo9$ ) ! k ( ?is nature1 by utt]ly extirpat+ sup]/ition1 = x is a mon/] :i* pursues & presses u on e side4 ,! meet+ ) a pret5d$ div9]1 a presage1 an immolat$ victim1 a bird1 a ,*aldan1 an aruspice1 a fla% ( lightn+1 a clap ( ?und]1 an ev5t accid5tally correspond+ ) :at has be5 =etold to u1 ev]y?+ di/urbs & makes u uneasy2 sleep itself1 :i* %\ld make u =get all ^! pa9s & fe>s1 s]ves b to r$\ble !m by frightful images4 ,cic]o ?\ght he 0 address+ only a few ,romans1 b he 0 speak+ to all m5 & all ages4 ,mo/ ( ! great m5 ( ,rome no m believ$ 9 auguries ?an ,alex&] ,,vi41 ,julius ,,ii41 & ,leo ,x41 believ$ 9 ,our ,lady ( ,loretto & ! blood ( ,/4 ,janu>ius4 ,h[ev]1 ,suetonius relates t ,octavius1 surnam$ ,augu/us1 0 s weak z to believe t a fi%1 :i* leap$ f ! sea ^u ! %ore at ,actium1 =ebod$ t he %\ld ga9 ! battle4 ,he adds t1 hav+ aft]w>ds met an ass-driv]1 he ask$ him ! "n ( 8 ass2 & ! man hav+ answ]$ t 8 ass 0 nam$ ,ni*olas1 :i* signifies conqu]or ( nations1 he _h no long] any d\bts ab\t ! victory2 & t he aft]w>ds _h braz5 /atues erect$ to ! ass-driv]1 ! ass1 & ! jump+ fi%4 ,he fur!r assures u t ^! /atues 7 plac$ 9 ! ,capitol4 ,x is v likely t ?is able tyrant laugh$ at ! sup]/itions ( ! ,romans1 & t 8 ass1 ! driv]1 & ! fi%1 7 no?+ m ?an a joke4 ,b x is no less likely t1 :ile he despis$ all ! follies ( ! vulg>1 he _h a few ( 8 own4 ,! b>b>\s & dissimulat+ ,l\is ,,xi4 _h a firm fai? 9 ! cross ( ,/4 ,l\is4 ,almo/ all pr9ces1 except+ su* z h _h "t to read1 & read to advantage1 are 9 "s degree infect$ ) sup]/ition4 ,,augu/9e4 ,augu/9e1 a native ( ,taga/e1 is "h to be consid]$1 n z a bi%op1 a doctor1 a fa!r ( ! ,*ur*1 b simply z a man4 ,?is is a "q 9 physics1 respect+ ! climate ( ,africa4 ,:5 a y\?1 ,augu/9e 0 a great lib]t9e1 & ! _s 0 no less quick 9 him ?an ! fle%4 ,he says t be=e he 0 tw5ty ye>s old he _h le>n$ ari?metic1 geometry & music )\t a ma/]4 ,does n ?is prove t1 9 ,africa1 :i* we n[ call ,b>b>y1 bo? m9ds & bodies advance to maturity m rapidly ?an among u8 ,^! valuable advantages ( ,/4 ,augu/9e w\ld lead "o to believe t ,emp$ocles 0 n altoge!r 9 ! wrong :5 he reg>d$ fire z ! pr9ciple ( nature4 ,x is assi/$1 b by subord9ate ag5ts4 ,x is l a k+ gov]n+ ! actions ( all 8 subjects1 & sometimes inflam+ ! imag9ations ( 8 p r too mu*4 ,x is n )\t reason t ,syphax says to ,juba1 9 ! ,cato ( ,addison1 t ! sun :i* rolls its fi]y c> ov] ,african heads places a deep] t+e ^u ! *eeks1 & a fi]c] flame )9 _! he>ts4 ,t ! dames ( ,zama are va/ly sup]ior to ! pale beauties ( ! nor?3 ,! gl[+ dames ( ,zama's royal c\rt ,h faces flu%$ ) m exalt$ *>ms2 ,7 y ) ^!1 my pr9ce1 y'd soon =get ,! pale unrip5$ beauties ( ! nor?4 ,:]e %all we f9d 9 ,p>is1 ,/rasburg1 ,ratisbon1 or ,vi5na "y m5 :o h le>n$ ari?metic1 ! ma!matics & music )\t assi/ance1 & :o h be5 fa!rs at f\rte58 ,d\btless x is no fable t ,atlas1 pr9ce ( ,mauritania1 call$ by ! ,greeks ! son ( heav51 0 a celebrat$ a/ronom]1 & con/ruct$ a cele/ial sph]e su* z ! ,*9ese h _h = s _m ages4 ,! anci5ts1 :o express$ ev]y?+ 9 allegory1 lik5$ ?is pr9ce to ! m\nta9 :i* be>s 8 "n1 because x lifts its head above ! cl\ds1 :i* h be5 call$ ! heav5s by all mank9d :o h judg$ ( ?+s only f ! te/imony ( _! eyes4 ,^! ,moors cultivat$ ! sci5ces ) success1 & taught ,spa9 & ,italy = five c5turies4 ,?+s are greatly alt]$4 ,! c\ntry ( ,augu/9e is n[ b a d5 ( pirates1 :ile ,engl&1 ,italy1 ,g]many1 & ,france1 :i* 7 involv$ 9 b>b>ism1 are great] cultivators ( ! arts ?an ev] ! ,arabians 74 ,our only object1 !n1 9 ?is article is to %[ h[ *angeable a sc5e ?is _w is4 ,augu/9e1 f a debau*ee1 becomes an orator & a philosoph]2 he puts himself =w>d 9 ! _w2 he tea*es rhetoric2 he turns ,mani*an1 & f ,mani*anism passes to ,*ri/ianity4 ,he causes himself to be baptiz$1 toge!r ) "o ( 8 ba/>ds1 nam$ ,deodatus2 he becomes a bi%op1 & a fa!r ( ! ,*ur*4 ,8 sy/em ( grace has be5 rev]5c$ = elev5 hundr$ ye>s z an article ( fai?4 ,at ! end ( elev5 hundr$ ye>s "s ,jesuits f9d means to procure an ana!ma aga9/ ,augu/9e's sy/em1 ^w = ^w1 "u ! names ( ,jans5ius1 ,/4 ,cyril1 ,arnaud1 & ,quesnel4 ,we ask if ?is revolution is n1 9 its k9d1 z great z t ( ,africa1 & if !re be any?+ p]man5t ^u e>?8 ,,augu/us 7,,octavius74 ,! ,morals ( ,augu/us4 ,mann]s c be kn[n only f facts1 :i* facts mu/ be inconte/able4 ,x is beyond d\bt t ?is man1 s immod]ately prais$ z ! re/or] ( morals & ( laws1 0 long "o ( ! mo/ infam\s debau*ees 9 ! ,roman commonweal?4 ,8 epigram on ,fulvia1 writt5 aft] ! horrors ( ! proscriptions1 proves t he 0 no less a despis] ( dec5cy 9 8 language ?an he 0 a b>b>ian 9 8 conduct4 ,?is abom9able epigram is "o ( ! /ronge/ te/imonies to ,augu/us' infam\s immorality4 ,sextus ,pompeius also reproa*$ him ) %ameful weaknesses3 ,effem9atum infectatus e/4 ,antony1 be=e ! triumvirate1 decl>$ t ,cs>1 great-uncle to ,augu/us1 _h adopt$ him z 8 son only because he _h be5 subs]vi5t to 8 pleasures2 ,adopt ionem avunculi /upro m]itum4 ,lucius ,cs> *>g$ him ) ! same crime1 & ev5 ass]t$ t he _h be5 base en\gh to sell himself to ,hirtius = a v consid]able sum4 ,he 0 s %ameless z to take ! wife ( a consul f h] husb& 9 ! mid/ ( a supp]2 he took h] to a neighbor+ closet1 /aid ) h] !re = "s "t1 & br\ght h] back to table )\t himself1 ! woman1 or h] husb& blu%+ at all at ! proce$+4 ,we h also a lett] f ,antony to ,augu/us1 c\*$ 9 ^! t]ms3 ,ita valeas ut hanc epi/olam cum leges1 non ini]is ,te/ullam1 aut ,t]5tillam1 aut ,russillam1 aut ,salviam1 aut omnes4 ,anne ref]t ubi et 9 quam arrigas8 ,we are afraid to translate ?is lic5ti\s lett]4 ,no?+ is bett] kn[n ?an ! sc&al\s fea/ ( five ( ! companions ( 8 pleasures ) five ( ! pr9cipal wom5 ( ,rome4 ,!y 7 dress$ up z gods & goddesses1 & imitat$ all ! immode/ies inv5t$ 9 fable--,bum nova ,divorum cnat adult]ia4 ,& on ! /age he 0 publicly designat$ by ?is fam\s l9e3 ,videsne ut c9a$us orbem digito temp]et8 ,almo/ e ,lat9 au?or t speaks ( ,ovid ass]ts t ,augu/us _h ! insol5ce to bani% t ,roman knight1 :o 0 a mu* bett] man ?an himself1 m]ely because ! o!r _h surpris$ him 9 an ince/ ) 8 own daught] ,julia2 & t he s5t 8 daught] into exile only ?r\gh jeal\sy4 ,?is is ! m likely1 z ,caligula publi%$ al\d t 8 "m 0 born f ! ince/ ( ,augu/us ) ,julia4 ,s says ,suetonius1 9 8 life ( ,caligula4 ,we "k t ,augu/us repudiat$ ! "m ( ,julia ! v day %e 0 br\ght to b$ ( h]1 & on ! same day took ,livia f h] husb& :5 %e 0 pregnant ( ,tib]ius--ano!r mon/]1 :o succe$$ him4 ,su* 0 ! man to :om ,horace said3 ,res ,italas armis tut]is1 moribus ornes1 ,legibus em5des4444 ,x is h>d to repress our indignation at read+ at ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,georgics t ,augu/us is "o ( ! greate/ ( div9ities2 & t x is n kn[n :at place he w "o day deign to occupy 9 heav52 :e!r he w reign 9 ! air1 or become ! protector ( cities1 or v\*safe to accept ! empire ( ! seas3 ,an ,deus imm5si v5ias m>is1 ac tua nauta ,num9a sola celant tibi s]vial ultima ,?ule4 ,ario/o speaks ) mu* m s5se z well z grace1 :5 he says 9 8 f9e ?irty-fif? canto3 ,non fu si santo ne b5igno ,augu/o ,come la tromba di ,virgilio sonna2 ,l'av] avuto 9 poesia buon gu/o ,la proscriptione iniqua gli p]dona4 ,augu/us 0 n q s mild & *a/e ,z he's by hone/ ,virgil repres5t$2 ,b !n1 ! tyrant _h poetic ta/e2 ,) ?is ! poet fully 0 cont5t$4 ,! ,cruelties ( ,augu/us4 ,if ,augu/us 0 long ab&on$ to ! mo/ %ameful & frantic dissipation1 8 cruelty 0 no less uni=m & delib]ate4 ,8 proscriptions 7 publi%$ 9 ! mid/ ( fea/+ & revelry2 he proscrib$ m ?an ?ree hundr$ s5ators1 two ?\s& knights1 & "o hundr$ obscure b weal?y heads ( families1 ^: only crime 0 _! be+ ri*1 ,antony & ,octavius _h !m kill$1 solely t !y might get possession ( _! money2 9 :i* !y diff]$ n ! lea/ f highway robb]s1 :o are condemn$ to ! :eel4 ,octavius1 imm$iately aft] ! ,p]sian w>1 gave 8 vet]ans all ! l&s belong+ to ! citiz5s ( ,mantua & ,cremona1 ?us recomp5s+ murd] by depr$ation4 ,x is b too c]ta9 t ! _w 0 ravag$1 f ! ,euphrates to ! extremities ( ,spa91 by ?is man )\t %ame1 )\t fai?1 honor1 or probity1 knavi%1 ungrateful1 av>ici\s1 blood-?ir/y1 cool 9 ! commission ( crime1 :o1 9 any well-regulat$ republic1 w\ld h be5 condemn$ to ! greate/ ( puni%m5ts = ! fir/ ( 8 (f5ces4 ,nev]!less1 ! gov]nm5t ( ,augu/us is /ill admir$1 because "u him ,rome ta/$ peace1 pleasure & abundance4 ,s5eca says ( him3 ,clem5tiam non voco lassam crudelitatem--,i d n call exhau/$ cruelty clem5cy4 ,x is ?\ght t ,augu/us became mild] :5 crime 0 no long] necess>y to him2 & t1 be+ absolute ma/]1 he saw t he _h no o!r int]e/ ?an to appe> j4 ,b x appe>s to me t he /ill 0 pitiless r ?an clem5t2 =1 aft] ! battle ( ,actium1 he _h ,antony's son murd]$ at ! feet ( ,cs>'s /atue2 & he 0 s b>b>\s z to h "y ,cs>ion1 ! son ( ,cs> & ,cleopatra1 behead$1 ?\gh he _h recogniz$ him z k+ ( ,egypt4 ,suspect+ "o day t ! prtor ,qu9tus ,gallius _h come to an audi5ce ) a po9>d "u 8 robe1 he _h him put to ! torture 9 8 pres5ce2 &1 9 8 indignation at he>+ t s5ator call him a tyrant1 he tore out 8 eyes ) 8 own h&s2 at lea/1 s says ,suetonius4 ,we "k t ,cs>1 8 adopt$ fa!r1 0 great en\gh to p>don almo/ all 8 enemies2 b ,i d n f9d t ,augu/us p>don$ "o ( 84 ,i h great d\bts ( 8 pret5d$ clem5cy to ,c9na4 ,?is affair is m5tion$ nei!r by ,suetonius nor by ,tacitus4 ,suetonius1 :o speaks ( all ! conspiracies aga9/ ,augu/us1 w\ld n h fail$ to m5tion ! mo/ memorable4 ,! s+ul>ity ( giv+ a consul%ip to ,c9na 9 return = ! blacke/ p]fidy w\ld n h escap$ e contempor>y hi/orian4 ,dion ,cassius speaks ( x only aft] ,s5eca2 & ?is passage 9 ,s5eca has ! appe>ance r ( declamation ?an ( hi/orical tru?4 ,besides1 ,s5eca lays ! sc5e 9 ,gaul1 & ,dion at ,rome2 ?is contradiction deprives ! occurr5ce ( all rema9+ v]isimilitude4 ,n "o ( our ,roman hi/ories1 compil$ 9 ha/e & )\t selection1 has discuss$ ?is int]e/+ fact4 ,lawr5ce ,e*>d's ,hi/ory has appe>$ to enlight5$ m5 to be z faulty z x is mutilat$2 writ]s h r>ely be5 guid$ by ! _s ( exam9ation4 ,c9na might be suspect$1 or convict$1 by ,augu/us ( "s infidelity2 &1 :5 ! affair _h be5 cle>$ up1 he might honor him ) ! va9 title ( consul2 b x is n at all probable t ,c9na s\ght by a conspiracy to seize ! supreme au?ority--he1 :o _h nev] comm&$ an army1 0 support$ by no p>ty1 & 0 a man ( no consid]ation 9 ! empire4 ,x is n v likely t a m]e subord9ate c\rti] w\ld ?9k ( succe$+ a sov]eign :o _h be5 tw5ty ye>s firmly e/abli%$ on 8 ?rone1 & _h heirs2 nor is x m likely t ,augu/us w\ld make him consul imm$iately aft] ! conspiracy4 ,if ,c9na's adv5ture be true1 ,augu/us p>don$ him only because he c\ld n d o!rwise1 be+ ov]come by ! reason+ or ! importunities ( ,livia1 :o _h acquir$ great influ5ce ov] him1 & p]suad$ him1 says ,s5eca1 t p>don w\ld d him m s]vice ?an *a/isem5t4 ,x 0 !n only ?r\gh policy t he1 = once1 0 m]ciful2 x c]ta9ly 0 n ?r\gh g5]osity4 ,%all we give a robb] cr$it = clem5cy1 because1 be+ enri*$ & secure1 enjoy+ 9 peace ! fruits ( 8 rap9e1 he is n e day assass9at+ ! sons & gr&sons ( ! proscrib$1 :ile !y are kneel+ to & wor%ipp+ him8 ,aft] be+ a b>b>ian he 0 a prud5t politician4 ,x is wor?y ( rem>k t po/]ity nev] gave him ! title ( virtu\s1 :i* 0 be/[$ on ,titus1 on ,trajan1 & ! ,anton9es4 ,x ev5 became cu/om>y 9 ! complim5ts paid to emp]ors on _! accession1 to wi% t !y might be m =tunate ?an ,augu/us1 & m virtu\s ?an ,trajan4 ,x is n[1 !re=e1 all[able to consid] ,augu/us z a clev] & =tunate mon/]4 ,l\is ,rac9e1 son ( ! great ,rac9e1 & heir to a "p ( 8 tal5ts1 seems to =get himself :5 he says1 9 8 ,reflections on ,poetry1 t ,horace & ,virgil spoil$ ,augu/us2 !y exhau/$ _! art 9 poison+ ! m9d ( ,augu/us by _! praises4 ,^! expressions w\ld lead "o to believe t ! eulogies s meanly lavi%$ by ^! two great poets1 corrupt$ ?is emp]or's f9e disposition4 ,b ,l\is ,rac9e v well knew t ,augu/us 0 an exce$+ly bad man1 reg>d+ crime & virtue ) indiff]5ce1 avail+ himself alike ( ! horrors ( ! "o & ! appe>ances ( ! o!r1 att5tive solely to 8 own int]e/1 employ+ blood%$ & peace1 arms & laws1 religion & pleasure1 only to make himself ma/] ( ! e>?1 & sacrific+ ev]y?+ to himself4 ,l\is ,rac9e only %[s u t ,virgil & ,horace _h s]vile s\ls4 ,he is1 un=tunately1 too mu* 9 ! "r :5 he reproa*es ,corneille ) hav+ d$icat$ ,c9na to ! f9anci] ,montoron1 & said to t receiv]4 ,:at y mo/ especially h 9 common ) ,augu/us is ! g5]osity ) :i*1 etc41 =1 ?\gh ,augu/us 0 ! mo/ wick$ ( ,roman citiz5s1 x mu/ be confess$ t ! fir/ ( ! emp]ors1 ! ma/]1 ! pacificator1 ! legislator ( ! !n kn[n _w1 %\ld n be plac$ absolutely on a level ) a cl]k to a comptroll]-g5]al 9 ,gaul4 ,! same ,l\is ,rac9e1 9 ju/ly condemn+ ! mean adulation ( ,corneille1 & ! bas5ess ( ! ag$ ,horace & ,virgil1 m>vell\sly lays hold ( ?is passage 9 ,massillon's ,petit ,c>me6 ,x is no less culpable to fail 9 tru? t[>ds mon>*s ?an to be want+ 9 fidelity2 ! same p5alty %\ld be impos$ on adulation z on revolt4 ,i ask y\r p>don1 ,fa!r ,massillon2 b ?is /roke ( y\rs is v oratorical1 v prea*]-l1 v exagg]at$4 ,! ,league & ! ,fronde h1 if ,i am n deceiv$1 done m h>m ?an ,qu9ault's prologues4 ,!re is no way ( condemn+ ,qu9ault z a rebel4 ,e/ modus 9 rebus4 ,fa!r ,massillon1 :i* is want+ 9 all manufactur]s ( s]mons4 ,,avignon4 ,avignon & its c\ntry are monum5ts ( :at ! abuse ( religion1 ambition1 knav]y1 & fanaticism unit$ c effect4 ,?is little c\ntry1 aft] a ?\s& vicissitudes1 _h1 9 ! twelf? c5tury1 pass$ into ! h&s ( ! c\nts ( ,t\l\se1 desc5d$ f ,*>lemagne by ! female side4 ,raymond ,,vi41 c\nt ( ,t\l\se1 ^: =efa!rs _h be5 ! pr9cipal h]oes 9 ! crusades1 0 /ripp$ ( 8 /ates by a crusade :i* ! pope /irr$ up aga9/ him4 ,! cause ( ! crusade 0 ! desire ( hav+ 8 spoils2 ! pretext 0 t 9 sev]al ( 8 t[ns ! citiz5s ?\ght ne>ly z has be5 ?\ght = upw>ds ( two hundr$ ye>s 9 ,engl&1 ,sw$51 ,d5m>k1 ?ree-f\r?s ( ,switz]l&1 ,holl&1 & half ( ,g]many4 ,?is 0 h>dly a suffici5t reason = giv+1 9 ! "n ( ,god1 ! /ates ( ! c\nt ( ,t\l\se to ! fir/ occupant1 & = devot+ to slaught] & fire 8 subjects1 crucifix 9 h&1 & :ite cross on %\ld]4 ,all t is relat$ ( ! mo/ savage p falls f> %ort ( ! b>b>ities committ$ 9 ?is w>1 call$ holy4 ,! ridicul\s atrocity ( "s religi\s c]emonies always1 accompani$ ^! horrid excesses4 ,x is kn[n t ,raymond ,,vi4 0 dragg$ to a *ur* ( ,/4 ,giles's1 be=e a legate1 nak$ to ! wai/1 )\t hose or s&als1 ) a rope ab\t 8 neck1 :i* 0 held by a deacon1 :ile ano!r deacon flogg$ him1 & a ?ird sung mis]]e ) "s monks--& all ! :ile ! legate 0 at d9n]4 ,su* 0 ! orig9 ( ! "r ( ! popes ov] ,avignon4 ,c\nt ,raymond1 :o _h submitt$ to ! flagellation 9 ord] to pres]ve 8 /ates1 und]w5t ?is ignom9y to no purpose :atev]4 ,he _h to def5d by arms :at he _h ?\ght to pres]ve by suff]+ a few /ripes2 he saw 8 t[ns laid 9 a%es1 & di$ 9 #abac amid ! vicissitudes ( ! mo/ sangu9>y w>4 ,8 son1 ,raymond ,,vii41 0 n1 l 8 fa!r1 suspect$ ( h]esy2 b he 0 ! son ( a h]etic1 & 0 to be /ripp$ ( all 8 possessions1 by virtue ( ! ,decretals2 su* 0 ! law4 ,! crusade1 !re=e1 0 cont9u$ aga9/ him2 he 0 excommunicat$ 9 ! *ur*es1 on ,sundays & holidays1 to ! s\nd ( bells & ) tap]s ext+ui%$4 ,a legate :o 0 9 ,france dur+ ! m9ority ( ,/4 ,l\is rais$ t5?s !re to ma9ta9 ?is w> 9 ,langu$oc & ,prov5ce4 ,raymond def5d$ himself ) c\rage2 b ! heads ( ! hydra ( fanaticism 7 incessantly reappe>+ to dev\r him4 ,! pope at la/ made peace because all 8 money _h be5 exp5d$ 9 w>4 ,raymond ,,vii4 came & sign$ ! treaty be=e ! portal ( ! ca!dral ( ,p>is4 ,he 0 =c$ to pay t5 ?\s& m>ks ( silv] to ! legate1 two ?\s& to ! abbey ( ,citeaux1 five hundr$ to ! abbey ( ,clairvaux1 a ?\s& to t ( ,gr&-,selve1 & ?ree hundr$ to t ( ,bellep]*e---all = ! salvation ( 8 s\l1 z is specifi$ 9 ! treaty4 ,s x 0 t ! ,*ur* always negotiat$4 ,x is v rem>kable t 9 ?is docum5t ! c\nt ( ,t\l\se con/antly puts ! legate be=e ! k+3 ,i swe> & promise to ! legate & to ! k+ fai?fully to obs]ve all ^! ?+s1 & to cause !m to be obs]v$ by my vassals & subjects1 etc4 ,?is 0 n all4 ,he c$$ to ,pope ,gregory ,,ix4 ! c\ntry ( ,v5aiss9 beyond ! ,rhne1 & ! sov]eignty ( sev5ty-?ree ca/les on ?is side ! same riv]4 ,! pope adjudg$ ?is f9e to himself by a p>ticul> act1 desir\s t1 9 a public in/rum5t1 ! ackn[l$gm5t ( hav+ ext]m9at$ s _m ,*ri/ians = ! purpose ( seiz+ ^u 8 neighbor's goods1 %\ld n appe> 9 s gl>+ a light4 ,besides1 he dem&$ :at ,raymond c\ld n grant1 )\t ! cons5t ( ! ,emp]or ,fr$]ick ,,ii4 ,! c\nt's l&s1 on ! left bank ( ! ,rhne1 7 an imp]ial fief1 & ,fr$]ick ,,ii4 nev] sanction$ ?is exaction4 ,alphonso1 bro!r ( ,/4 ,l\is1 hav+ m>ri$ ?is un=tunate pr9ce's daught]1 by :om he _h no *ildr51 all ! /ates ( ,raymond ,,vii4 9 ,langu$oc1 devolv$ to ! cr[n ( ,france1 z _h be5 /ipulat$ 9 ! m>riage contract4 ,! c\ntry ( ,v5aiss91 :i* is 9 ,prov5ce1 _h be5 magnanim\sly giv5 up by ! ,emp]or ,fr$]ick ,,ii4 to ! c\nt ( ,t\l\se4 ,8 daught] ,joan1 be=e h] dea?1 _h dispos$ ( !m by w 9 favor ( ,*>les ( ,anj\1 c\nt ( ,prov5ce1 & k+ ( ,naples4 ,philip ! ,bold1 son ( ,/4 ,l\is1 be+ press$ by ,pope ,gregory ,,ix41 gave ! c\ntry ( ,v5aiss9 to ! ,roman *ur* 9 #abgd4 ,x mu/ be confess$ t ,philip ! ,bold gave :at 9 no way belong$ to him2 t ?is cession 0 absolutely null & void1 & t no act ev] 0 m contr>y to all law4 ,x is ! same ) ! t[n ( ,avignon4 ,joan ( ,france1 que5 ( ,naples1 desc5d$ f ! bro!r ( ,/4 ,l\is1 hav+ be51 ) b too great an appe>ance ( ju/ice1 accus$ ( caus+ h] husb& to be /rangl$1 desir$ ! protection ( ,pope ,clem5t ,,vi41 ^: see 0 !n ! t[n ( ,avignon1 9 ,joan's doma9s4 ,%e 0 c\ntess ( ,prov5ce4 ,9 #acdg ! ,prov5cals made h] swe>1 on ! gospel1 t %e w\ld sell none ( h] sov]eignties4 ,%e _h sc>cely tak5 ?is oa? be=e %e w5t & sold ,avignon to ! pope4 ,! au!ntic act 0 n sign$ until ,june #ad1 #acdh2 ! sum /ipulat$ = 0 eighty ?\s& flor9s ( gold4 ,! pope decl>$ h] innoc5t ( h] husb&'s murd]1 b nev] paid h]4 ,joan's receipt has nev] be5 produc$4 ,%e prote/$ juridically f\r sev]al times aga9/ ?is deceitful pur*ase4 ,s t ,avignon & its c\ntry 7 nev] consid]$ to h be5 dismemb]$ f ,prov5ce1 o!rwise ?an by a rap9e1 :i* 0 ! m manife/1 z x _h be5 s\ght to cov] x ) ! cloak ( religion4 ,:5 ,l\is ,,xi4 acquir$ ,prov5ce he acquir$ x ) all ! rights app]ta9+ !reto2 &1 z appe>s by a lett] f ,john ( ,foix to t mon>*1 _h 9 #adfd resolv$ to en=ce !m4 ,b ! intrigues ( ! c\rt ( ,rome 7 always s p[]ful t ! k+s ( ,france condesc5d$ to all[ x ! enjoym5t ( ?is small prov9ce4 ,!y nev] ackn[l$g$ 9 ! popes a lawful possession1 b only a simple enjoym5t4 ,9 ! treaty ( ,pisa1 made by ,l\is ,,xiv4 ) ,alex&] ,,vii41 9 #affd1 x is said t1 e ob/acle %all be remov$1 9 ord] t ! pope may enjoy ,avignon z be=e4 ,! pope1 !n1 _h ?is prov9ce only z c>d9als h p5sions f ! k+1 :i* p5sions are discretional4 ,avignon & its c\ntry 7 a con/ant s\rce ( emb>rassm5t to ! ,fr5* gov]nm5t2 !y af=d$ a refuge to all ! bankrupts & smuggl]s1 ?\gh v little pr(it !nce accru$ to ! pope4 ,l\is ,,xiv4 twice resum$ 8 rights2 b x 0 r to *a/ise ! pope ?an to reunite ,avignon & its c\ntry ) 8 cr[n4 ,at l5g? ,l\is ,,xv4 did ju/ice to 8 dignity & to 8 subjects4 ,! gross & indec5t conduct ( ,pope ,rezzonico 7,clem5t ,,xiii47 =c$ him 9 #agfh to revive ! rights ( 8 cr[n4 ,?is pope _h act$ z if he belong$ to ! f\rte5? c5tury4 ,he 01 h[ev]1 ) ! applause ( all ,europe1 conv9c$ t he liv$ 9 ! eighte5?4 ,:5 ! (fic] be>+ ! k+'s ord]s ent]$ ,avignon1 he w5t /raight to ! legate's ap>tm5t1 )\t be+ ann\nc$1 & said to him1 ,sir1 ! k+ takes possession ( 8 t[n4 ,!re is "s diff]5ce betwe5 ?is proce$+ & a c\nt ( ,t\l\se be+ flogg$ by a deacon1 :ile a legate is at d9n]4 ,?+s1 we see1 *ange ) times4 ,,au/]ities4 ,,mortifications4 ,,flagellations4 ,suppose t "s *os5 individuals1 lov]s ( /udy1 unit$ toge!r aft] a ?\s& cata/rophes _h happ5$ to ! _w1 & employ$ !mselves 9 wor%ipp+ ,god & regulat+ ! "t ( ! ye>1 z is said ( ! anci5t ,brahm9s & ,magi2 all ?is is p]fectly good & hone/4 ,!y might1 by _! frugal life1 set an example to ! re/ ( ! _w2 !y might ab/a91 dur+ ! celebration ( _! fea/s1 f all intoxicat+ liquors1 & all comm]ce ) _! wives2 !y might be clo!d mode/ly & dec5tly2 if !y 7 wise1 o!r m5 consult$ !m2 if !y 7 j1 !y 7 lov$ & rev]5c$4 ,b did n sup]/ition1 brawl+1 & vanity soon take ! place ( ! virtues8 ,0 n ! fir/ madman t flogg$ himself publicly to appease ! gods ! orig9al ( ! prie/s ( ! ,syrian goddess1 :o flogg$ !mselves 9 h] honor2 ( ! prie/s ( ,isis1 :o did ! same on c]ta9 days2 ( ! prie/s ( ,dodona1 nam$ ,salii1 :o inflict$ w\nds on !mselves2 ( ! prie/s ( ,bellona1 :o /ruck !mselves ) sabres2 ( ! prie/s ( ,diana1 :o drew blood f _! backs ) rods2 ( ! prie/s ( ,cybele1 :o made !mselves eunu*s2 ( ! fakirs ( ,india1 :o load$ !mselves ) *a9s8 ,has ! hope ( obta9+ abundant alms no?+ at all to d ) ! practice ( ^! au/]ities8 ,is !re n "s simil>ity betwe5 ! begg>s1 :o make _! legs swell by a c]ta9 application & cov] _! bodies ) sores1 9 ord] to =ce a few p5ce f ! pass5g]s1 & ! impo/ors ( antiquity1 :o seat$ !mselves ^u nails1 & sold ! holy nails to ! dev\t ( _! c\ntry8 ,& _h vanity nev] any %>e 9 promot+ ^! public mortifications1 :i* attract$ ! eyes ( ! multitude8 ,i sc\rge myself1 b x is to expiate y\r faults2 ,i g nak$1 b x is to reproa* y ) ! ri*ness ( y\r g>m5ts2 ,i fe$ on h]bs & snails1 b x is to correct 9 y ! vice ( gluttony2 ,i we> an iron r+ to make y blu% at y\r lewdness4 ,rev]5ce me z "o *]i%$ by ! gods1 & :o w br+ d[n _! favors ^u y4 ,:5 y %all be accu/om$ to rev]5ce me1 y w n f9d x h>d to obey me2 ,i w be y\r ma/]1 9 ! "n ( ! gods2 & !n1 if any "o ( y disobey my w 9 ! smalle/ p>ticul>1 ,i w h y impal$ to appease ! wra? ( heav54 ,if ! fir/ fakirs did n pron\nce ^! words1 x is v probable t !y _h !m engrav$ at ! bottom ( _! he>ts4 ,human sacrifices1 p]haps1 _h _! orig9 9 ^! frantic au/]ities4 ,m5 :o drew _! blood 9 public ) rods1 & mangl$ _! arms & ?ighs to ga9 consid]ation1 w\ld easily make imbecile savages believe t !y mu/ sacrifice to ! gods :atev] 0 de>e/ to !m2 t to h a fair w9d1 !y mu/ immolate a daught]2 to av]t pe/il5ce1 precipitate a son f a rock2 to h infallibly a good h>ve/1 ?r[ a daught] into ! ,nile4 ,^! ,asiatic sup]/itions gave rise to ! flagellations :i* we h imitat$ f ! ,jews4 ,_! devotees /ill flog !mselves1 & flog "o ano!r1 z ! prie/s ( ,egypt & ,syria did ( old4 ,among u ! abbots flogg$ _! monks1 & ! confessors _! p5it5ts--( bo? sexes4 ,/4 ,augu/9e wrote to ,m>cell9us1 ! tribune1 t ! ,donati/s mu/ be :ipp$ z s*oolma/]s :ip _! s*ol>s4 ,x is said t x 0 n until ! t5? c5tury t monks & nuns began to sc\rge !mselves on c]ta9 days ( ! ye>4 ,! cu/om ( sc\rg+ s9n]s z a p5ance 0 s well e/abli%$ t ,/4 ,l\is's confessor (t5 gave him ! :ip4 ,h5ry ,,ii4 0 flogg$ by ! monks ( ,cant]bury 79 #abjg74 ,raymond1 c\nt ( ,t\l\se1 ) a rope r\nd 8 neck1 0 flogg$ by a deacon1 at ! door ( ,/4 ,giles's *ur*1 z has be=e be5 said4 ,! *apla9s to ,l\is ,,viii41 k+ ( ,france1 7 condemn$ by ! pope's legate to g at ! f\r great fea/s to ! door ( ! ca!dral ( ,p>is1 & pres5t rods to ! canons1 t !y might flog !m 9 expiation = ! crime ( ! k+1 _! ma/]1 :o _h accept$ ! cr[n ( ,engl&1 :i* ! pope _h tak5 f him by virtue ( ! pl5itude ( 8 p[]4 ,inde$1 ! pope %[$ great indulg5ce 9 n hav+ ! k+ himself :ipp$1 b cont5t+ himself ) comm&+ him1 on pa9 ( damnation1 to pay to ! apo/olic *amb] ! am\nt ( two ye>s' rev5ue4 ,f ?is cu/om is d]iv$ t :i* /ill exi/s1 ( arm+ all ! gr&-p5it5ti>ies 9 ,/4 ,pet]'s at ,rome ) long w&s in/ead ( rods1 ) :i* !y give g5tle taps to ! p5it5ts1 ly+ all _! l5g? on ! floor4 ,9 ?is mann] x 0 t ,h5ry ,,iv41 ( ,france1 _h 8 po/]iors flogg$ by ,c>d9al ,ossat & ,dup]ron4 ,s true is x t we h sc>cely yet em]g$ f b>b>ism4 ,at ! comm5cem5t ( ! ?irte5? c5tury frat]nities ( p5it5ts 7 =m$ at ,p]osia & ,bologna4 ,"y m5 almo/ nak$1 ) a rod 9 "o h& & a small crucifix 9 ! o!r1 flogg$ !mselves 9 ! /reets2 :ile ! wom5 peep$ ?r\gh ! w9d[-bl9ds & :ipp$ !mselves 9 _! *amb]s4 ,^! flagellators inundat$ ,europe2 !re are _m ( !m /ill to be f\nd 9 ,italy1 9 ,spa91 & ev5 9 ,france1 at ,p]pignan4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! sixte5? c5tury x 0 v common = confessors to :ip ! po/]iors ( _! p5it5ts4 ,a hi/ory ( ! ,l[ ,c\ntries1 compos$ by ,met]51 relates t a cordeli] nam$ ,adriacem1 a great prea*] at ,bruges1 us$ to :ip 8 female p5it5ts q nak$4 ,! ,jesuit ,edmund ,aug]1 confessor to ,h5ry ,,iii41 p]suad$ t un=tunate pr9ce to put himself at ! head ( ! flagellators4 ,flogg+ ! po/]iors is practis$ 9 v>i\s conv5ts ( monks & nuns2 f :i* cu/om !re h sometimes result$ /range immode/ies1 ov] :i* we mu/ ?r[ a veil1 9 ord] to sp>e ! blu%es ( su* z we> ! sacr$ veil1 & ^: sex & pr(ession are wor?y ( our highe/ reg>d4 ,,au?ors4 ,au?or is a g5]ic t]m1 :i*1 l ! names ( all o!r pr(essions1 may signify au?or ( ! good1 or ( ! bad2 ( ! respectable1 or ( ! ridicul\s2 ( ! useful1 or ! agreeable2 or la/ly1 ! produc] ( disgu/+ tra%4 ,?is "n is also common to diff]5t ?+s4 ,we say equally ! au?or ( nature & ! au?or ( ! songs ( ! ,pont ,neuf1 or ( ! lit]>y age4 ,! au?or ( a good "w %\ld bew>e ( ?ree ?+s--title1 d$ication1 & preface4 ,o!rs %\ld take c>e ( ! f\r?1 :i* is writ+ at all4 ,z to ! title1 if ! au?or has ! wi% to put 8 "n to x1 :i* is (t5 v dang]\s1 x %\ld at lea/ be "u a mode/ =m2 x is n pleasant to see a pi\s "w1 full ( lessons ( humanity1 by ,sir or ,my ,"l4 ,! read]2 :o is always malici\s1 & :o (t5 is we>i$1 usually turns into ridicule a book t is ann\nc$ ) s mu* o/5tation4 ,! au?or ( ! ,imitation ( ,jesus ,*ri/ did n put 8 "n to x4 ,b ! apo/les1 y w say1 put _! names to _! works2 t is n true1 !y 7 too mode/4 ,! apo/le ,mat!w nev] entitl$ 8 book ! ,gospel ( ,/4 ,mat!w2 x is a homage t has be5 paid to him s9ce4 ,/4 ,luke himself1 :o collect$ all t he _h he>d said1 & :o d$icat$ 8 book to ,!ophilus1 did n call x ! ,gospel ( ,/4 ,luke4 ,/4 ,john alone m5tions himself 9 ! ,apocalypse2 & x is suppos$ t ?is book 0 writt5 by ,c]9?us1 :o took ! "n ( ,john to give au?ority to 8 production4 ,h[ev] x may h be5 9 pa/ ages1 x appe>s to me v bold 9 au?ors n[ to put names & titles at ! head ( _! works4 ,! bi%ops nev] fail to d s1 & ! ?ick qu>tos :i* !y give u "u ! title ( m&am5ts are decorat$ ) armorial be>+s & ! insignia ( _! /ation2 a ^w1 no d\bt1 is said ab\t ,*ri/ian humility1 b ?is ^w is (t5 foll[$ by atroci\s calumnies aga9/ ^? :o are ( ano!r communion or p>ty4 ,we only speak "h1 h[ev]1 ( poor pr(ane au?ors4 ,! duke de la ,ro*ef\cauld did n ann\nce 8 ?\ghts z ! production ( ,monseigneur le dud de la ,ro*ef\cauld1 pair de ,france4 ,"s p]sons :o only make compilations 9 :i* !re may be f9e ?+s1 w f9d x injudici\s to ann\nce !m z ! "w ( ,a4,b41 pr(essor ( ! univ]sity ( ----1 doctor ( div9ity1 memb] ( ?is or ( t academy1 & s on4 ,s _m dignities d n r5d] ! book bett]4 ,x w /ill be wi%$ t x 0 %ort]1 m philosophical1 less fill$ ) old /ories4 ,) respect to titles & quality1 nobody c>es ab\t !m4 ,d$ications are (t5 only (f]+s f int]e/$ bas5ess to disda9ful vanity4 ,:o w\ld believe t ,rohaut1 soi-disant physician1 9 8 d$ication to ! duke ( ,guise1 told him t 8 ance/ors _h ma9ta9$1 at ! exp5se ( _! blood1 political tru?1 ! fundam5tal laws ( ! /ate1 & ! rights ( sov]eigns8 ,le ,balafr & ! duke ( ,may5ne w\ld be a little surpris$ if ?is epi/le 7 read to !m 9 ! o!r _w4 ,& :at w\ld ,h5ry ,,iv4 say8 ,mo/ ( ! d$ications 9 ,engl& are made = money1 j z ! capu*9s pres5t u ) salad on condition ( our giv+ !m dr9k4 ,m5 ( lett]s 9 ,france are ignorant ( ?is %ameful abasem5t1 & h nev] exhibit$ s mu* meanness1 except "s un=tunates1 :o call !mselves m5 ( lett]s 9 ! same s5se t sign-daub]s boa/ ( be+ ( ! pr(ession ( ,raphael1 & t ! coa*man ( ,v]tamont 0 a poet4 ,prefaces are ano!r rock4 ,! ,i is hateful1 says ,pascal4 ,speak ( y\rself z little z y c1 = y ought to be aw>e t ! self-love ( ! read] is z great z y\r own4 ,he w nev] p>don y = wi%+ to oblige him to e/eem y4 ,x is = y\r book to speak to him1 %\ld x happ5 to be read among ! cr[d4 ,! illu/ri\s suffrages ) :i* my piece has be5 honor$ w make me disp5se ) answ]+ my adv]s>ies--! applauses ( ! public4 ,erase all t1 sir2 believe me y h _h no illu/ri\s suffrages2 y\r piece is et]nally =gott54 ,"s c5sors h pret5d$ t !re are too _m ev5ts 9 ! ?ird act2 & t 9 ! f\r? ! pr9cess is too late 9 discov]+ ! t5d] s5tim5ts ( h] he>t = h] lov]4 ,to t ,i answ]-- ,answ] no?+1 my fri5d1 = nobody has spok5-1 or w speak ( ?y pr9cess4 ,?y piece has fall5 because x is tiresome1 & writt5 9 flat & b>b>\s v]se2 ?y preface is a pray] = ! dead1 b x w n revive !m4 ,o!rs atte/ t all ,europe has n und]/ood _! treatises on compatibility--on ! ,supralaps>ians--on ! diff]5ce :i* %\ld be made betwe5 ! ,mac$onian & ,val5t9ian h]esies1 etc4 ,truly1 ,i believe t nobody und]/&s !m1 s9ce nobody reads !m4 ,we are inundat$ ) ?is tra% & ) cont9ual repetition2 ) insipid romances :i* copy _! pr$ecessors2 ) new sy/ems f\nd$ on anci5t rev]ies2 & little hi/ories tak5 f l>g] ones4 ,d y wi% to be an au?or8 ,d y wi% to make a book8 ,recollect t x mu/ be new & useful1 or at lea/ agreeable4 ,:y f y\r prov9cial retreat w\ld y assass9ate me ) ano!r qu>to1 to tea* me t a k+ ought to be j1 & t ,trajan 0 m virtu\s ?an ,caligula8 ,y insi/ ^u pr9t+ ! s]mons :i* h lull$ y\r little obscure t[n to repose1 & w put all our hi/ories "u contributions to extract f !m ! life ( a pr9ce ( :om y c say no?+ new4 ,if y h writt5 a hi/ory ( y\r own "t1 d\bt n b y w f9d "s le>n$ *ronologi/1 or newspap] comm5tator1 :o w relieve y z to a date1 a ,*ri/ian "n1 or a squadron :i* y h wrongly plac$ at ! di/ance ( ?ree hundr$ paces f ! place :]e if really /ood4 ,be grateful1 & correct ^! important errors =?)4 ,if an ignoramus1 or an empty fool1 pret5d to criticise ?is ?+ or ! o!r1 y may prop]ly confute him2 b "n him r>ely1 = fe> ( soil+ y\r writ+s4 ,if y are attack$ on y\r /yle1 nev] answ]2 y\r "w alone %\ld reply4 ,if y are said to be sick1 cont5t y\rself t y are well1 )\t wi%+ to prove to ! p t y are 9 p]fect heal?2 &1 above all1 rememb] t ! _w c>es v little :e!r y are well or ill4 ,a hundr$ au?ors compile to get _! bread1 & tw5ty fools extract1 criticise1 apologize1 & satirize ^! compilations to get bread also1 because !y h no pr(ession4 ,all ^! p repair on ,fridays to ! lieut5ant ( ! police at ,p>is to dem& p]mission to sell _! drugs4 ,!y h audi5ce imm$iately aft] ! c\rtesans1 :o d n reg>d !m1 because !y "k t !y are poor cu/om]s4 ,!y return ) a tacit p]mission to sell & di/ribute ?r\gh\t ! k+dom _! /ories2 _! collection ( bon-mots2 ! life ( ! un=tunate ,rgis2 ! translation ( a ,g]man poem2 new discov]ies on eels2 a new copy ( v]ses2 a treatise on ! orig9 ( bells1 or on ! loves ( ! toads4 ,a booksell] buys _! productions = t5 cr[ns2 !y give five ( !m to ! j\rnali/1 on condition t he w speak well ( !m 9 8 newspap]4 ,! critic takes _! money1 & says all ! ill he c ( _! books4 ,! aggriev$ p>ties g to compla9 to ! ,jew1 :o protects ! wife ( ! j\rnali/1 & ! sc5e closes by ! critic be+ c>ri$ to ,=t ,evque2 & ^! are !y :o call !mselves au?ors6 ,^! poor p are divid$ into two or ?ree b&s1 & g begg+ l m5dicant fri>s2 b n hav+ tak5 v[s _! society la/s only = a few days1 = !y betray "o ano!r l prie/s :o run aft] ! same b5efice1 ?\gh !y h no b5efice to hope =4 ,b !y /ill call !mselves au?ors6 ,! mis=tune ( ^! m5 is t _! fa!rs did n make !m le>n a trade1 :i* is a great defect 9 mod]n policy4 ,e man ( ! p :o c br+ up 8 son 9 a useful art1 & does n1 m]its puni%m5t4 ,! son ( a mason becomes a ,jesuit at sev5te52 he is *as$ f society at f\r & tw5ty1 because ! levity ( 8 mann]s is too gl>+4 ,behold him )\t bread6 ,he turns j\rnali/1 he cultivates ! l[e/ k9d ( lit]ature1 & becomes ! contempt & horror ( ev5 ! mob4 ,& su* z ^!1 aga91 call !mselves au?ors6 ,! only au?ors are !y :o h succe$$ 9 a g5u9e art1 be x epic poetry1 trag$y1 com$y1 hi/ory1 or philosophy1 & :o tea* or delight mank9d4 ,! o!rs1 ( :om we h spok51 are1 among m5 ( lett]s1 l bats among ! birds4 ,we cite1 comm5t1 criticise1 neglect1 =get1 &1 above all1 despise an au?or :o is an au?or only4 ,apropos ( cit+ an au?or1 ,i mu/ amuse myself ) relat+ a s+ul> mi/ake ( ! rev]5d ,fa!r ,viret1 cordeli] & pr(essor ( !ology4 ,he read 9 ! ,philosophy ( ,hi/ory ( ! good abb ,baz9 t no au?or ev] cit$ a passage ( ,moses be=e ,long9us1 :o liv$ & di$ 9 ! "t ( ! ,emp]or ,aurelian4 ,=?) ! zeal ( ,/4 ,francis 0 k9dl$ 9 him4 ,viret cries out t x is n true2 t sev]al writ]s h said t !re _h be5 a ,moses1 t ev5 ,josephus _h spok5 at l5g? ^u him1 & t ! ,abb ,baz9 is a wret* :o w\ld de/roy ! sev5 sacram5ts4 ,b1 de> ,fa!r ,viret1 y ought to in=m y\rself ( ! mean+ ( ! ^w1 to cite4 ,!re is a great deal ( diff]5ce betwe5 m5tion+ an au?or & cit+ him4 ,to speak1 to make m5tion ( an au?or1 is to say t he has liv$--t he has writt5 9 su* a "t2 to cite is to give "o ( 8 passages--z ,moses says 9 8 ,exodus--z ,moses has writt5 9 8 ,g5esis4 ,n[ ! ,abb ,braz9 affirms t no =eign writ]s--t none ev5 ( ! ,jewi% prophets h ev] quot$ a s+le passage ( ,moses1 ?\gh he 0 a div9e au?or4 ,truly1 ,fa!r ,viret1 y are v malici\s1 b we %all "k at lea/1 by ?is little p>agraph1 t y h be5 an au?or4 ,! mo/ volum9\s au?ors t we h _h 9 ,france are ! comptroll]s-g5]al ( ! f9ances4 ,t5 great volumes might be made ( _! decl>ations1 s9ce ! reign ( ,l\is ,,xiv4 ,p>liam5ts h be5 sometimes ! critics ( ^! works1 & h f\nd errone\s propositions & contradictions 9 !m4 ,b :]e are ! good au?ors :o h n be5 c5sur$8 ,,au?ority4 ,mis]able human be+s1 :e!r 9 gre5 robes or 9 turbans1 :e!r 9 black g[ns or 9 surplices1 or 9 mantles & b&s1 nev] seek to employ au?ority :]e no?+ is conc]n$ b reason1 or cons5t to be revil$ 9 all ages z ! mo/ imp]t95t ( m51 z well z to endure public hatr$ z ! mo/ unju/4 ,y h be5 told a hundr$ times ( ! insol5t absurdity ) :i* y condemn$ ,galileo1 & ,i speak to y ( x = ! hundr$ & fir/4 ,i w\ld h x inscrib$ ov] ! door ( y\r holy (fice4 ,sev5 c>d9als1 assi/$ by c]ta9 m9orite fri>s1 ?rew into prison ! ma/] ( ?9k+ 9 ,italy1 at ! age ( sev5ty2 & made him live ^u bread & wat] because he in/ruct$ mank9d 9 t ( :i* !y 7 ignorant4 ,hav+ pass$ a decree 9 favor ( ! categories ( ,ari/otle1 ! above junta le>n$ly & equitably doom$ to ! p5alty ( ! galleys :oev] %\ld d>e to be ( ano!r op9ion f ! ,/agyrite1 ( :om two c\ncils _h burn$ ! books4 ,fur!r1 a ,faculty1 :i* possess$ v small faculties1 made a decree aga9/ innate ideas1 & aft]w>ds ano!r = !m1 )\t ! said ,faculty be+ in=m$1 except by its beadles1 ( :at an idea 04 ,9 neighbor+ s*ools legal proce$+s 7 comm5c$ aga9/ ! circulation ( ! blood4 ,a process 0 issu$ aga9/ inoculation1 & ! p>ties cit$ by summons4 ,"o & tw5ty volumes ( ?\ghts 9 folio h be5 seiz$1 9 :i* x 0 wick$ly & falsely said t triangles h always ?ree angles2 t a fa!r 0 old] ?an 8 son2 t ,rhea ,silvia lo/ h] virg9ity be=e h] acc\*em5t2 & t f>9a diff]s f oak leaves4 ,9 ano!r ye> ! foll[+ "q 0 decid$3 ,utrum *imra bomb9ans 9 vacuo possit com$]e secundas int5tiones8 & decid$ 9 ! affirmative4 ,^! judges1 ( c\rse1 consid]$ !mselves mu* sup]ior to ,ar*im$es1 ,euclid1 ,cic]o1 or ,pl9y1 & /rutt$ ab\t ! ,univ]sities accord+ly4 ,,axis4 ,h[ is x t ! axis ( ! e>? is n p]p5dicul> to ! equator8 ,:y is x rais$ t[>d ! nor? & incl9$ t[>ds ! s\? pole1 9 a position :i* does n appe> natural1 & :i* seems ! consequ5ce ( "s d]angem5t1 or ! result ( a p]iod ( a prodigi\s numb] ( ye>s8 ,is x true t ! ecliptic cont9ually incl9es by an ins5sible movem5t t[>ds ! equator & t ! angle =m$ by ^! two l9es has a little dim9i%$ 9 two ?\s& ye>s8 ,is x true t ! ecliptic has be5 =m]ly p]p5dicul> to ! equator1 t ! ,egyptians h said s1 & t ,h]odotus has relat$ x8 ,?is motion ( ! ecliptic w\ld =m a p]iod ( ab\t two millions ( ye>s4 ,x is n t :i* a/\nds u1 = ! axis ( ! e>? has an imp]ceptible movem5t 9 ab\t tw5ty-six ?\s& ye>s :i* occasions ! precession ( ! equ9oxes4 ,x is z easy = nature to produce a rotation ( tw5ty ?\s& z ( two hundr$ & sixty ages4 ,we are deceiv$ :5 we are told t ! ,egyptians _h1 accord+ to ,h]odotus1 a tradition t ! ecliptic _h be5 =m]ly p]p5dicul> to ! equator4 ,! tradition ( :i* ,h]odotus speaks has no relation to ! co9cid5ce ( ! equ9octial & ecliptic l9es2 t is q ano!r affair4 ,! pret5d$ s*ol>s ( ,egypt said t ! sun 9 ! space ( elev5 ?\s& ye>s _h set twice 9 ! ea/ & ris5 twice 9 ! we/4 ,:5 ! equator & ! ecliptic co9cid$1 & :5 ! days 7 ev]y:]e equal to ! nights ! sun did n on t acc\nt *ange its sett+ & ris+1 b ! e>? turn$ on its axis f we/ to ea/1 z at ?is day4 ,?is idea ( mak+ ! sun set 9 ! ea/ is a *im]a only wor?y ( ! bra9s ( ! prie/s ( ,egypt & %[s ! pr(\nd ignorance ( ^? juggl]s :o h _h s mu* reputation4 ,! tale %\ld be class$ ) ^? ( ! satyrs :o sang & danc$ 9 ! tra9 ( ,osiris2 ) ! little boys :om !y w\ld n fe$ till aft] !y _h run eight leagues1 to tea* !m to conqu] ! _w2 ) ! two *ildr5 :o cri$ bec 9 ask+ = bread & :o by t means discov]$ t ! ,phrygian 0 ! orig9al language2 ) ,k+ ,psammeticus1 :o gave 8 daught] to a ?ief :o _h dext]\sly /ol5 8 money1 etc4 ,anci5t hi/ory1 anci5t a/ronomy1 anci5t physics1 anci5t m$ic9e 7up to ,hippocrates71 anci5t geography1 anci5t metaphysics1 all are no?+ b anci5t absurdities :i* ought to make u feel ! happ9ess ( be+ born 9 lat] times4 ,!re is1 no d\bt1 m tru? 9 two pages ( ! ,fr5* ,encyclopdia 9 relation to physics ?an 9 all ! libr>y ( ,alex&ria1 ! loss ( :i* is s mu* regrett$4 ,,babel4 ,,section ,i4 ,babel signifies among ! ,ori5tals1 ,god ! ,fa!r1 ! p[] ( ,god1 ! gate ( ,god1 accord+ to ! way 9 :i* ! ^w is pron\nc$4 ,x appe>s1 !re=e1 t ,babylon 0 ! city ( ,god1 ! holy city4 ,e capital ( a /ate 0 a city ( ,god1 ! sacr$ city4 ,! ,greeks call$ !m all ,hi]opolis1 & !re 7 m ?an ?irty ( ?is "n4 ,! t[] ( ,babel1 !n1 signifies ! t[] ( ,god ! ,fa!r4 ,josephus says truly t ,babel signifies confusion2 ,calmet says1 ) o!rs1 t ,bilba1 9 ,*aldan1 signifies conf\nd$1 b all ! ,ori5tals h be5 ( a contr>y op9ion4 ,! ^w confusion w\ld be a /range etymon = ! capital ( a va/ empire4 ,i v mu* l ! op9ion ( ,rabelais1 :o pret5ds t ,p>is 0 =m]ly call$ ,lutetia on acc\nt ( ! ladies' :ite legs4 ,be t z x may1 comm5tators h torm5t$ !mselves to "k to :at height m5 _h rais$ ?is fam\s t[] ( ,babel4 ,/4 ,j]ome gives x tw5ty ?\s& feet4 ,! anci5t ,jewi% book entitl$ ,jacult gave x eighty-"o ?\s&4 ,paul ,lucas has se5 ! rema9s ( x & x is a f9e ?+ to be z ke5-sight$ z ,paul ,lucas1 b ^! dim5sions are n ! only difficulties :i* h ex]cis$ ! le>n$4 ,p h wi%$ to "k h[ ! *ildr5 ( ,noah1 aft] hav+ divid$ among !mselves ! isl&s ( ! nations & e/abli%$ !mselves 9 v>i\s l&s1 ) ea* "o 8 p>ticul> language1 families1 & p1 %\ld all f9d !mselves 9 ! pla9 ( ,%9a>1 to build !re a t[] say+1 ,let u make u a "n le/ we be scatt]$ abroad ^u ! face ( ! :ole e>?4 ,! ,book ( ,g5esis speaks ( ! /ates :i* ! sons ( ,noah f\nd$4 ,x has relat$ h[ ! p ( ,europe1 ,africa1 & ,asia1 all came to ,%9a> speak+ "o language only1 & purpos+ ! same ?+4 ,! ,vulgate places ! ,deluge 9 ! ye> ( ! _w #afef1 & ! con/ruction ( ! t[] ( ,babel #agga1 t is to say1 "o hundr$ & fifte5 ye>s aft] ! de/ruction ( mank9d1 & ev5 dur+ ! life ( ,noah4 ,m5 !n mu/ h multipli$ ) prodigi\s cel]ity2 all ! arts reviv$ 9 a v little "t4 ,:5 we reflect on ! great numb] ( trades :i* mu/ h be5 employ$ to raise a t[] s high we are amaz$ at s /up5d\s a "w4 ,! patri>* ,abraham 0 born1 accord+ to ! ,bible1 ab\t f\r hundr$ ye>s aft] ! deluge1 & already we see a l9e ( p[]ful k+s 9 ,egypt & 9 ,asia4 ,bo*>t & o!r sages h pleasantly fill$ _! great books ) ,phnician & ,*aldan words & sy/ems :i* !y d n und]/&4 ,!y h le>n$ly tak5 ,?race = ,cappadocia1 ,greece = ,crete1 & ! isl& ( ,cyprus = ,tyre2 !y sport 9 an ocean ( ignorance :i* has nei!r bottom nor %ore4 ,x w\ld h be5 %ort] = !m to h av[$ t ,god1 aft] sev]al ages1 has giv5 u sacr$ books to r5d] u bett] m5 & n to make u geograph]s1 *ronologi/s1 or etymologi/s4 ,babel is ,babylon4 ,x 0 f\nd$1 accord+ to ! ,p]sian hi/orians1 by a pr9ce nam$ ,tamura?4 ,! only k we h ( its antiquities consi/s 9 ! a/ronomical obs]vations ( n9ete5 hundr$ & ?ree ye>s1 s5t by ,calli/h5es by ord] ( ,alex&]1 to 8 preceptor ,ari/otle4 ,to ?is c]ta9ty is jo9$ ! extreme probability t a nation :i* _h made a s]ies ( cele/ial obs]vations = ne>ly two ?\s& ye>s _h congregat$ & =m$ a consid]able p[] sev]al ages be=e ! fir/ ( ^! obs]vations4 ,x is a pity t none ( ! calculations ( ! anci5t pr(ane au?ors agree ) our sacr$ ones1 & t none ( ! names ( ! pr9ces :o reign$ aft] ! diff]5t epo*s assign$ to ! ,deluge h be5 kn[n by ei!r ,egyptians1 ,syrians1 ,babylonians1 or ,greeks4 ,x is no less a pity t !re rema9s n on ! e>? among ! pr(ane au?ors "o ve/ige ( ! fam\s t[] ( ,babel2 no?+ ( ?is /ory ( ! confusion ( tongues is f\nd 9 any book4 ,?is memorable adv5ture 0 z unkn[n to ! :ole univ]se z ! names ( ,noah1 ,me?uselah1 ,ca91 & ,adam & ,eve4 ,?is difficulty tantalizes our curiosity4 ,h]odotus1 :o travell$ s mu*1 speaks nei!r ( ,noah1 or ,%em1 ,reu1 ,salah1 or ,nimrod4 ,! "n ( ,nimrod is unkn[n to all pr(ane antiquity2 !re are only a few ,arabs & "s mod]n ,p]sians :o h made m5tion ( ,nimrod 9 falsify+ ! books ( ! ,jews4 ,no?+ rema9s to conduct u ?r\gh ^! anci5t ru9s1 unkn[n to all ! nations ( ! univ]se dur+ s _m ages1 b fai? 9 ! ,bible1 & happily t is an infallible guide4 ,h]odotus1 :o has m+l$ _m fables ) "s tru?s1 pret5ds t 9 8 "t1 :i* 0 t ( greate/ p[] ( ! ,p]sian sov]eigns ( ,babylon1 all ! wom5 ( ! imm5se city 7 oblig$ to g once 9 _! lives to ! temple ( ,mylitta1 a goddess :o 0 ?\ght to be ! same z ,aphrodite1 or ,v5us1 9 ord] to pro/itute !mselves to /rang]s1 & t ! law comm&$ !m to receive money z a sacr$ tribute1 :i* 0 paid ov] to ! prie/hood ( ! goddess4 ,b ev5 ?is ,arabian tale is m likely ?an t :i* ! same au?or tells ( ,cyrus divid+ ! ,indus into ?ree hundr$ & sixty canals1 :i* all dis*>g$ !mselves into ! ,caspian ,sea6 ,:at %\ld we say ( ,mz]ay if he _h told u t ,*>lemagne divid$ ! ,rh9e into ?ree hundr$ & sixty canals1 :i* fell into ! ,m$it]ranean1 & t all ! ladies ( 8 c\rt 7 oblig$ once 9 _! lives to pres5t !mselves at ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,g5evieve to pro/itute !mselves to all com]s = money8 ,x mu/ be rem>k$ t su* a fable is /ill m absurd 9 relation to ! "t ( ,x]xes1 9 :i* ,h]odotus liv$1 ?an x w\ld be 9 t ( ,*>lemagne4 ,! ,ori5tals 7 a ?\s& times m jeal\s ?an ! ,franks & ,gauls4 ,! wives ( all ! great lords 7 c>efully gu>d$ by eunu*s4 ,?is cu/om exi/$ f "t immemorial4 ,x is se5 ev5 9 ! ,jewi% hi/ory t :5 t little nation wi%$ l ! o!rs to h a k+1 ,samuel1 to dissuade !m f x & to reta9 8 au?ority1 said t a k+ w\ld tyrannize ov] !m & t he w\ld take ! t5?s ( _! v9es & corn to give to 8 eunu*s4 ,! k+s accompli%$ ?is pr$iction1 = x is writt5 9 ! ,fir/ ,book ( ,k+s t ,k+ ,ahab _h eunu*s1 & 9 ! ,second t ,joram1 ,jehu1 ,jehoiakim1 & ,z$ekiah _h !m also4 ,! eunu*s ( ,ph>aoh are spok5 ( a long "t previ\sly 9 ! ,book ( ,g5esis1 & x is said t ,potiph>1 to :om ,joseph 0 sold1 0 "o ( ! k+'s eunu*s4 ,x is cle>1 !re=e1 t !re 7 great numb]s ( eunu*s at ,babylon to gu>d ! wom54 ,x 0 n !n a duty = !m to pro/itute !mselves to ! fir/ com]1 nor 0 ,babylon1 ! city ( ,god1 a va/ bro!l z x has be5 pret5d$4 ,^! tales ( ,h]odotus1 z well z all o!rs 9 ! same ta/e1 are n[ s decri$ by all p ( s5se--reason has made s great progress t ev5 old wom5 & *ildr5 w no long] believe su* extravagances--,non e/ vetula qu cr$at nec pu]i cr$unt1 nisi qui nondum re lavantur4 ,!re is 9 our days only "o man :o1 n p>tak+ ( ! _s ( ! age 9 :i* he lives1 w\ld ju/ify ! fable ( ,h]odotus4 ,! infamy appe>s to him a v simple affair4 ,he w\ld prove t ! ,babylonian pr9cesses pro/itut$ !mselves ?r\gh piety1 to ! fir/ pass5g]s1 because x is said 9 ! holy writ+s t ! ,ammonites made _! *ildr5 pass ?r\gh ! fire 9 pres5t+ !m to ,molo*4 ,b :at relation has ?is cu/om ( "s b>b>\s hordes--?is sup]/ition ( pass+ _! *ildr5 ?r\gh ! flames1 or ev5 ( burn+ !m on piles1 9 honor ( ,i "k n :om--( ,molo*2 ^! ,iroquois horrors ( a petty1 infam\s p to a pro/itution s incr$ible 9 a nation kn[n to be ! mo/ jeal\s & ord]ly ( ! ,ea/8 ,w\ld :at passes among ! ,iroquois be among u a pro( ( ! cu/oms ( ! c\rts ( ,france & ( ,spa98 ,he also br+s1 9 fur!r pro(1 ! ,lup]cal fea/ among ! ,romans dur+ :i* he says ! "y p ( quality & respectable magi/rates ran nak$ ?r\gh ! city ) :ips 9 _! h&s1 ) :i* !y /ruck ! pregnant wom5 ( quality1 :o unblu%+ly pres5t$ !mselves to !m 9 ! hope ( !reby obta9+ a happy deliv]ance4 ,n[1 9 ! fir/ place1 x is n said t ^! ,romans ( quality ran q nak$1 on ! contr>y1 ,plut>* expressly obs]ves1 9 8 rem>ks on ! cu/om1 t !y 7 cov]$ f ! wai/ d[nw>ds4 ,secondly1 x seems by ! mann] 9 :i* ?is def5d] ( infam\s cu/oms expresses himself t ! ,roman ladies /ripp$ nak$ to receive ^! bl[s ( ! :ip1 :i* is absolutely false4 ,?irdly1 ! ,lup]cal fea/ has no relation :atev] to ! pret5d$ law ( ,babylon1 :i* comm&s ! wives & daught]s ( ! k+1 ! satraps1 & ! magi to sell & pro/itute !mselves to /rang]s out ( pure devotion4 ,:5 an au?or1 )\t kn[+ ei!r ! human m9d or ! mann]s ( nations1 has ! mis=tune to be oblig$ to compile f passages ( old au?ors1 :o are almo/ all contradictory1 he %\ld advance 8 op9ions ) mode/y & "k h[ to d\bt1 & to %ake (f ! du/ ( ! college4 ,above all he %\ld nev] express himself ) outrage\s insol5ce4 ,h]odotus1 or ,ctesias1 or ,diodorus ( ,sicily1 relate a fact3 y h read x 9 ,greek1 !re=e ?is fact is true4 ,?is mann] ( reason+1 :i* is n t ( ,euclid1 is surpris+ en\gh 9 ! "t 9 :i* we live2 b all m9ds w n be in/ruct$ ) equal facility2 & !re are always m p]sons :o compile ?an p :o ?9k4 ,we w say no?+ "h ( ! confusion ( tongues :i* took place dur+ ! con/ruction ( ! t[] ( ,babel4 ,x is a miracle1 relat$ 9 ! ,holy ,scriptures4 ,we nei!r expla91 nor ev5 exam9e any miracles1 & z ! au?ors ( t great "w1 ! ,encyclopdia1 believ$ !m1 we also believe !m ) a lively & s9c]e fai?4 ,we w simply affirm t ! fall ( ! ,roman ,empire has produc$ m confusion & a great] numb] ( new languages ?an t ( ! t[] ( ,babel4 ,f ! reign ( ,augu/us till ! "t ( ! ,attilas1 ! ,clovises1 & ! ,gondib]ts1 dur+ six ages1 t]ra erat unius labii--! kn[n e>? 0 ( "o language4 ,!y spoke ! same ,lat9 at ! ,euphrates z at ,m\nt ,atlas4 ,! laws :i* gov]n$ a hundr$ nations 7 writt5 9 ,lat9 & ! ,greek s]v$ = amusem5t1 :il/ ! b>b>\s j>gon ( ea* prov9ce 0 only = ! populace4 ,!y plead$ 9 ,lat9 at once 9 ! tribunals ( ,africa & ( ,rome4 ,an inhabitant ( ,cornwall dep>t$ = ,asia ,m9or sure ( be+ und]/ood ev]y:]e 9 8 r\te4 ,x 0 at lea/ "o good effect$ by ! rapacity ( ! ,romans t p f\nd !mselves z well und]/ood on ! ,danube z on ! ,guadalquiv]4 ,at ! pres5t "t a ,b]gamask :o travels into ! small ,swiss cantons1 f :i* he is only sep>at$ by a m\nta91 has ! same ne$ ( an int]pret] z if he 7 9 ,*9a4 ,?is is "o ( ! greate/ plagues ( mod]n life4 ,,section ,,ii4 ,vanity has always rais$ /ately monum5ts4 ,x 0 ?r\gh vanity t m5 built ! l(ty t[] ( ,babel4 ,let u g & raise a t[]1 ! summit ( :i* %all t\* ! skies1 & r5d] our "n celebrat$ be=e we are scatt]$ ^u ! face ( ! e>?4 ,! ent]prise 0 und]tak5 hi ! "t ( a patri>* nam$ ,phaleg1 :o c\nt$ ! good man ,noah = 8 fif? ance/or4 ,x w be se5 t ar*itecture1 & all ! arts :i* accompany x1 _h made great progress 9 five g5]ations4 ,/4 ,j]ome1 ! same :o has se5 fauns & satyrs1 has n se5 ! t[] ( ,babel any m ?an ,i h1 b he assures u t x 0 tw5ty ?\s& feet high4 ,?is is a trifle4 ,! anci5t book1 ,jacult writt5 by "o ( ! mo/ le>n$ ,jews1 demon/rates ! height to be eighty-"o ?\s& ,jewi% feet1 & e "o kn[s t ! ,jewi% foot 0 ne>ly z long z ! ,greek4 ,^! dim5sions are /ill m likely ?an ^? ( ,j]ome4 ,?is t[] rema9s1 b x is no long] q s high2 sev]al q v]aci\s travell]s h se5 x4 ,i1 :o h n se5 x1 w talk z little ( x z ( my gr&fa!r ,adam1 ) :om ,i nev] _h ! honor ( conv]s+4 ,b consult ! rev]5d fa!r ,calmet2 he is a man ( f9e wit & a pr(\nd philosoph] & w expla9 ! ?+ to y4 ,i d n "k :y x is said1 9 ,g5esis1 t ,babel signifies confusion1 =1 z ,i h already obs]v$1 ba answ]s to fa!r 9 ! ea/]n languages1 & bel signifies ,god4 ,babel means ! city ( ,god1 ! holy city4 ,b x is inconte/able t ,babel means confusion1 possibly because ! ar*itects 7 conf\nd$ aft] hav+ rais$ _! "w to eighty-"o ?\s& feet1 p]haps1 because ! languages 7 !n conf\nd$1 z f t "t ! ,g]mans no long] und]/ood ! ,*9ese1 al?\gh1 accord+ to ! le>n$ ,bo*>t1 x is cle> t ! ,*9ese is orig9ally ! same language z ! ,high ,g]man4 ,,bac*us4 ,( all ! true or fabul\s p]sonages ( pr(ane antiquity ,bac*us is to u ! mo/ important4 ,i d n mean = ! f9e inv5tion :i* is attribut$ to him by all ! _w except ! ,jews1 b = ! prodigi\s resemblance ( 8 fabul\s hi/ory to ! true adv5tures ( ,moses4 ,! anci5t poets h plac$ ! bir? ( ,bac*us 9 ,egypt2 he is expos$ on ! ,nile & x is f t ev5t t he is nam$ ,mises by ! fir/ ,orpheus1 :i*1 9 ,egyptian1 signifies sav$ f ! wat]s1 accord+ to ^? :o pret5d to und]/& ! anci5t ,egyptian tongue1 :i* is no long] kn[n4 ,he is br\ght up ne> a m\nta9 ( ,arabia call$ ,nisa1 :i* is believ$ to be ,m\nt ,s9ai4 ,x is pret5d$ t a goddess ord]$ him to g & de/roy a b>b>\s nation & t he pass$ ?r\gh ! ,r$ ,sea on foot1 ) a multitude ( m51 wom51 & *ildr54 ,ano!r "t ! riv] ,orontes susp5d$ its wat]s "r & left to let him pass1 & ! ,hydaspes did ! same4 ,he comm&$ ! sun to /& /ill2 two lum9\s rays proce$$ f 8 head4 ,he made a f\nta9 ( w9e sp\t up by /rik+ ! gr\nd ) 8 ?yrsis1 & engrav$ 8 laws on two tables ( m>ble4 ,he want$ only to h afflict$ ,egypt ) t5 plagues1 to be ! p]fect copy ( ,moses4 ,vossius is1 ,i ?9k1 ! fir/ :o has ext5d$ ?is p>allel4 ,! bi%op ( ,avran*es1 ,huet1 has pu%$ x q z f>1 b he adds1 9 8 ,evangelical ,demon/rations t ,moses is n only ,bac*us1 b t he is also ,osiris & ,typhon4 ,he does n halt 9 ?is f9e pa?4 ,moses1 accord+ to him1 is sculapius1 ,amphion1 ,apollo1 ,adonis1 & ev5 ,priapus4 ,x is pleasant en\gh t ,huet f\nds 8 pro( t ,moses is ,adonis 9 _! bo? keep+ %eep3 ,et =mosus oves1 ad flum9a pavit ,adonis4 ,he cont5ds t he is ,priapus because ,priapus is sometimes pa9t$ ) an ass1 & ! ,jews 7 suppos$1 among ! ,g5tiles1 to adore an ass4 ,he gives ano!r pro(1 n v canonical1 :i* is t ! rod ( ,moses might be comp>$ to ! sceptre ( ,priapus4 ,sceptrum tribuitur ,priapo1 virga ,mo/4 ,nei!r is ?is demon/ration 9 ! mann] ( ,euclid4 ,we w n "h speak ( ! m mod]n ,bac*uses1 su* z he :o liv$ two hundr$ ye>s be=e ! ,trojan w>1 & :om ! ,greeks celebrat$ z a son ( ,jupit]1 %ut up 9 8 ?igh4 ,we w pause at him :o 0 suppos$ to be born on ! conf9es ( ,egypt & to h p]=m$ s _m prodigies4 ,our respect = ! sacr$ ,jewi% books w n p]mit u to d\bt t ! ,egyptians1 ! ,arabs1 & ev5 ! ,greeks1 h imitat$ ! hi/ory ( ,moses4 ,! difficulty consi/s solely 9 n kn[+ h[ !y c\ld be in/ruct$ 9 ?is incontrov]tible hi/ory4 ,) respect to ! ,egyptians1 x is v likely t !y nev] record$ ^! miracles ( ,moses1 :i* w\ld h cov]$ !m ) %ame4 ,if !y _h said a ^w ( x ! hi/orians1 ,josephus & ,philo1 w\ld n h fail$ to h tak5 advantage ( x ,josephus1 9 8 answ] to ,appion1 made a po9t ( cit+ all ! ,egyptian au?ors :o h m5tion$ ,moses1 & he f9ds none :o relate "o ( ^! miracles4 ,no ,jew has ev] quot$ any ,egyptian au?or :o has said a ^w ( ! t5 plagues ( ,egypt1 ( ! miracul\s passage ?r\gh ! ,r$ ,sea1 etc4 ,x c\ld n be among ! ,egyptians1 !re=e1 t ?is sc&al\s p>allel 0 =m$ betwe5 ! div9e ,moses & ! pr(ane ,bac*us4 ,x is v cle> t if a s+le ,egyptian au?or _h said a ^w ( ! great miracles ( ,moses all ! synagogue ( ,alex&ria1 all ! disputati\s *ur* ( t fam\s t[n w\ld h quot$ su* ^w1 & h triumph$ at x1 e "o aft] 8 mann]4 ,a!nagorus1 ,clem5t1 ,orig51 :o h said s _m useless ?+s1 w\ld h relat$ ?is important passage a ?\s& times & x w\ld h be5 ! /ronge/ argum5t ( all ! fa!rs4 ,! :ole h kept a pr(\nd sil5ce2 !y ,_h1 !re=e1 no?+ to say4 ,b h[ 0 x possible = any ,egyptian to speak ( ! exploits ( a man :o caus$ all ! fir/ born ( ! families ( ,egypt to be kill$2 :o turn$ ! ,nile to blood1 & :o dr[n$ 9 ! ,r$ ,sea _! k+ & all 8 army8 ,all our hi/orians agree t "o ,clod[ick1 a ,sicambrian1 subjugat$ ,gaul ) a h&ful ( b>b>ians4 ,! ,engli% are ! fir/ to say t ! ,saxons1 ! ,danes1 & ! ,normans came by turns to ext]m9ate a "p ( _! nation4 ,if !y _h n av[$ ?is tru? all ,europe w\ld h exclaim$ aga9/ its concealm5t4 ,! univ]se %\ld exclaim 9 ! same mann] at ! amaz+ prodigies ( ,moses1 ( ,jo%ua1 ( ,gideon1 ,samson1 & ( s _m lead]s & prophets4 ,! univ]se is sil5t not)/&+4 ,amaz+ my/]y6 ,on "o side x is palpable mat all is true1 s9ce x is f\nd 9 ! holy writ+s1 :i* are approv$ by ! ,*ur*2 on ! o!r x is evid5t t no p h ev] m5tion$ x4 ,let u wor%ip ,provid5ce1 & submit ourselves 9 all ?+s4 ,! ,arabs1 :o h always lov$ ! m>vell\s1 7 probably ! fir/ au?ors ( ! fables inv5t$ ( ,bac*us1 aft]w>ds adopt$ & embelli%$ by ! ,greeks4 ,b h[ came ! /ories ( ! ,arabs & ,greeks to agree s well ) ^? ( ! ,jews8 ,x is kn[n t ! ,hebrews nev] communicat$ _! books to any "o till ! "t ( ! ,ptolemies2 !y reg>d$ su* communication z a sacrilege1 & ,josephus1 to ju/ify _! ob/9acy 9 conceal+ ! ,p5tateu* f ! re/ ( ! _w1 says t ,god puni%$ all =eign]s :o d>$ to speak ( ! ,jewi% hi/ories4 ,if we are to believe him1 ! hi/orian ,!opompus1 = only design+ to m5tion !m 9 8 "w1 became d]ang$ = ?irty days1 & ! tragic poet ,!odectes 0 /ruck bl9d = hav+ introduc$ ! "n ( ! ,jews into "o ( 8 trag$ies4 ,su* are ! excuses t ,flavius ,josephus gives 9 8 answ] to ,appion = ! hi/ory ( ! ,jews be+ s long unkn[n4 ,^! books 7 ( su* prodigi\s sc>city t we only he> ( "o copy "u ,k+ ,josiah1 & ?is copy _h be5 lo/ = a long "t & 0 f\nd 9 ! bottom ( a *e/ on ! report ( ,%aphan1 scribe to ! ,pontiff ,hilkiah1 :o c>ri$ x to ! k+4 ,?is circum/ance happ5$1 accord+ to ! ,second ,book ( ,k+s1 six hundr$ & tw5ty-f\r ye>s be=e our vulg> era1 f\r hundr$ ye>s aft] ,hom]1 & 9 ! mo/ fl\ri%+ times ( ,greece4 ,! ,greeks !n sc>cely knew t !re 7 any ,hebrews 9 ! _w4 ,! captivity ( ! ,jews at ,babylon /ill m augm5t$ _! ignorance ( _! own books4 ,esdras mu/ h re/or$ !m at ! end ( sev5ty ye>s & = already m ?an five hundr$ ye>s ! fable ( ,bac*us _h be5 curr5t among ! ,greeks4 ,if ! ,greeks _h f\nd$ _! fables on ! ,jewi% hi/ory !y w\ld h *os5 facts m int]e/+ to mank9d1 su* z ! adv5tures ( ,abraham1 ^? ( ,noah1 ( ,me?uselah1 ( ,se?1 ,eno*1 ,ca91 & ,eve2 ( ! fatal s]p5t & ( ! tree ( k1 all :i* names h ev] be5 unkn[n to !m4 ,!re 0 only a slight k ( ! ,jewi% p until a long "t aft] ! revolution t ,alex&] produc$ 9 ,asia & 9 ,europe2 ! hi/orian ,josephus av[s x 9 =mal t]ms4 ,?is is ! mann] 9 :i* he expresses himself 9 ! comm5cem5t ( 8 reply to ,appion1 :o 7by way ( p>5!sis7 0 dead :5 he answ]$ him1 = ,appion di$ "u ! ,emp]or ,claudius1 & ,josephus wrote "u ,vespasian4 ,z ! c\ntry we inhabit is di/ant f ! sea we d n apply ourselves to comm]ce & h no communication ) o!r nations4 ,we cont5t ourselves ) cultivat+ our l&s1 :i* are v f]tile1 & we labor *iefly to br+ up our *ildr5 prop]ly1 because no?+ appe>s to u s necess>y z to in/ruct !m 9 ! k ( our holy laws & 9 true piety1 :i* inspires !m ) ! desire ( obs]v+ !m4 ,! above reasons1 add$ to o!rs already m5tion$1 & ?is mann] ( life :i* is peculi> to u1 %[ :y we h _h no communication ) ! ,greeks1 l ! ,egyptians & ,phnicians4 ,is x a/oni%+ t our nation1 s di/ant f ! sea1 n affect+ to write any?+1 & liv+ 9 ! way :i* ,i h relat$1 has be5 little kn[n8 ,aft] su* an au!ntic av[al f a ,jew1 ! mo/ t5aci\s ( ! honor ( 8 nation t has ev] writt51 x w be se5 t x is impossible = ! anci5t ,greeks to h tak5 ! fable ( ,bac*us f ! holy books ( ! ,hebrews1 any m ?an ! sacrifice ( ,iphig5ia1 t ( ! son ( ,idom5eus1 ! labors ( ,h]cules1 ! adv5ture ( ,eurydice1 & o!rs4 ,! quantity ( anci5t tales :i* resemble "o ano!r is prodigi\s4 ,h[ is x t ! ,greeks h put into fables :at ! ,hebrews h put into hi/ories8 ,0 x by ! gift ( inv5tion2 0 x by a facility ( imitation1 or 9 consequ5ce ( ! accordance ( f9e m9ds8 ,to conclude3 ,god has p]mitt$ x--a tru? :i* ought to suffice4 ,( :at consequ5ce is x t ! ,arabs & ,greeks h said ! same ?+s z ! ,jews8 ,we read ! ,old ,te/am5t only to prep>e ourselves = ! ,new1 & 9 nei!r ! "o nor ! o!r d we seek any?+ b lessons ( b5evol5ce1 mod]ation1 g5tl5ess1 & true *>ity4 ,,bacon 7,,rog]74 ,x is g5]ally ?\ght t ,rog] ,bacon1 ! fam\s monk ( ! ?irte5? c5tury1 0 a v great man & t he possess$ true k1 because he 0 p]secut$ & condemn$ to prison by a set ( ignoramuses4 ,x is a great prejudice 9 8 favor1 ,i own4 ,b does x n happ5 e day t quacks gravely condemn o!r quacks1 & t fools make o!r fools pay ! p5alty ( folly8 ,?is1 our _w1 has = a long "t resembl$ ! compact edifices 9 :i* he :o believes 9 ! et]nal ,fa!r ana!matizes him :o believes 9 ! ,holy ,gho/2 circum/ances :i* are n v r>e ev5 9 ^! days4 ,among ! ?+s :i* r5d] ,fri> ,bacon comm5dable we mu/ fir/ reckon 8 imprisonm5t1 & !n ! noble boldness ) :i* he decl>$ t all ! books ( ,ari/otle 7 fit only to be burn$ & t at a "t :5 ! le>n$ respect$ ,ari/otle mu* m ?an ! ,jans5i/s respect ,/4 ,augu/9e4 ,has ,rog] ,bacon1 h[ev]1 done any?+ bett] ?an ! ,poetics1 ! ,rhetoric1 & ! ,logic ( ,ari/otle8 ,^! ?ree immortal works cle>ly prove t ,ari/otle 0 a v great & f9e g5ius--p5etrat+1 pr(\nd1 & me?odical2 & t he 0 only a bad natural philosoph] because x 0 impossible to p5etrate into ! dep?s ( physical sci5ce )\t ! aid ( in/rum5ts4 ,does ,rog] ,bacon1 9 8 be/ "w1 9 :i* he treats ( light & vision1 express himself mu* m cle>ly ?an ,ari/otle :5 he says light is creat$ by means ( multiply+ its lum9\s species1 :i* action is call$ univocal & con=mable to ! ag5t8 ,he also m5tions ano!r equivocal multiplication1 by :i* light eng5d]s heat & heat putrefaction4 ,rog] ,bacon likewise tells u t life may be prolong$ by means ( sp]maceti1 aloes1 & dragons' fle%1 & t ! philosoph]'s /one w\ld r5d] u immortal4 ,x is ?\ght t besides ^! f9e secrets he possess$ all ^? ( judicial a/rology1 )\t exception1 z he affirms v positively 9 8 ,opus ,majus1 t ! head ( man is subject to ! influ5ces ( ! ram1 8 neck to ^? ( ! bull1 & 8 arms to ! p[] ( ! tw9s4 ,he ev5 demon/rates ^! f9e ?+s f exp]i5ce1 & highly praises a great a/rolog] at ,p>is :o says t he h9d]$ a surgeon f putt+ a pla/] on ! leg ( an invalid1 because ! sun 0 !n 9 ! sign ( ,aqu>ius1 & ,aqu>ius is fatal to legs to :i* pla/]s are appli$4 ,x is an op9ion q g5]ally receiv$ t ,rog] 0 ! inv5tor ( gunp[d]4 ,x is c]ta9 t x 0 9 8 "t t important discov]y 0 made1 = ,i always rem>k t ! _s ( inv5tion is ( all times & t ! doctors1 or sages1 :o gov]n bo? m9d & body are g5]ally pr(\ndly ignorant1 fooli%ly prejudic$1 or at w> ) common s5se4 ,x is usually among obscure m5 t arti/s are f\nd animat$ ) a sup]ior in/9ct1 :o inv5t admirable ?+s on :i* ! le>n$ aft]w>ds reason4 ,"o ?+ t surprises me mu* is t ,fri> ,bacon knew n ! direction ( ! magnetic ne$le1 :i*1 9 8 "t1 began to be und]/ood 9 ,italy1 b 9 lieu !re( he 0 acqua9t$ ) ! ,secret ( ! hazel rod & _m su* ?+s ,( :i* he treats 9 8 ,dignity ( ! ,exp]im5tal ,art4 ,yet1 not)/&+ ?is pitiable numb] ( absurdities & *im]as1 x mu/ be confess$ t ,rog] ,bacon 0 an admirable man = 8 age4 ,:at age8 y w ask--t ( feudal gov]nm5t & ( ! s*oolm54 ,figure to y\rself ,samoy$es & ,o/iacs :o read ,ari/otle4 ,su* 7 we at t "t4 ,rog] ,bacon knew a little ( geometry & optics1 :i* made him pass = a sorc]] at ,rome & ,p>is4 ,he 01 h[ev]1 really acqua9t$ ) ! matt] conta9$ 9 ! ,arabian ,alhaz51 = 9 ^? days little 0 kn[n except ?r\gh ! ,arabs4 ,!y 7 ! physicians & a/rolog]s ( all ! ,*ri/ian k+s4 ,! k+'s fool 0 always a native2 8 doctor an ,arab or a ,jew4 ,transport ?is ,bacon to ! times 9 :i* we live & he w\ld be1 no d\bt1 a great man4 ,he 0 gold1 encru/$ ) ! ru/ ( ! times 9 :i* he liv$1 ?is gold w\ld n[ be quickly purifi$4 ,poor creatures t we are6 ,h[ _m ages h pass$ away 9 acquir+ a little reason6 ,,bani%m5t4 ,bani%m5t = a t]m ( ye>s1 or = life3 a p5alty inflict$ on del9qu5ts1 or on individuals :o are wi%$ to be consid]$ z su*4 ,n long ago x 0 ! cu/om to bani% f )9 ! limits ( ! jurisdiction1 = petty !fts1 =g]ies1 & assaults1 ! result ( :i* 0 t ! (f5d] became a great robb]1 =g]1 or murd]] 9 "s o!r jurisdiction4 ,?is is l ?r[+ into a neighbor's field ! /ones t incommode u 9 our own4 ,^? :o h writt5 on ! laws ( nations h torm5t$ !mselves greatly to det]m9e :e!r a man :o has be5 bani%$ f 8 c\ntry c ju/ly be said /ill to belong to t c\ntry4 ,x might almo/ z well be ask$ :e!r a gambl]1 :o has be5 driv5 away f ! gam+-table1 is /ill "o ( ! play]s at t table4 ,if by ! law ( nature a man is p]mitt$ to *oose 8 c\ntry1 /ill m is ! man :o has lo/ ! rights ( a citiz5 at lib]ty to *oose himself a new c\ntry4 ,may he be> arms aga9/ 8 =m] fell[-citiz5s8 ,( ?is we h a ?\s& examples4 ,h[ _m ,fr5* ,prote/ants1 naturaliz$ 9 ,engl&1 ,holl&1 or ,g]many1 h s]v$1 n only aga9/ ,france1 b aga9/ armies 9 :i* _! relatives1 _! own bro!rs1 h f\ght8 ,! ,greeks 9 ! armies ( ! k+ ( ,p]sia f\ght aga9/ ! ,greeks1 _! old fell[-c\ntrym54 ,! ,swiss 9 ! s]vice ( ,holl& h fir$ ^u ! ,swiss 9 ! s]vice ( ,france4 ,?is is ev5 worse ?an fight+ aga9/ ^? :o h bani%$ y1 =1 aft] all1 draw+ ! sword 9 rev5ge does n seem s bad z draw+ x = hire4 ,,baptism4 ,a ,greek ,^w1 ,signify+ ,imm]sion4 ,,section ,i4 ,we d n speak ( baptism z !ologians2 we are b poor m5 ( lett]s1 :o %all nev] ent] ! sanctu>y4 ,! ,indians plunge1 & h f "t immemorial plung$1 into ! ,ganges4 ,mank9d1 always guid$ by _! s5ses1 easily imag9$ t :at purifi$ ! body likewise purifi$ ! s\l4 ,9 ! subt]ranean ap>tm5ts "u ! ,egyptian temples !re 7 l>ge tubs = ! prie/s & ! initiat$4 ,o nimium faciles qui tri/ia crim9a cdis ,flum9ea tolli posse putatis aqua6 ,old ,baudi]1 :5 he 0 eighty1 made ! foll[+ comic translation ( ^! l9es3 ,c'e/ une drle de maxime1 ,qu'une lessive efface un crime4 ,"o c't b ?9k x some:at droll1 ,pump-wat] ?us %\ld cleanse a s\l4 ,e sign be+ ( itself indiff]5t1 ,god v\*saf$ to consecrate ?is cu/om among/ ! ,hebrew p4 ,all =eign]s t came to settle 9 ,pale/9e 7 baptiz$2 !y 7 call$ domicili>y proselytes4 ,!y 7 n =c$ to receive circumcision1 b only to embrace ! sev5 precepts ( ! ,noa*ides1 & to sacrifice to no /range god4 ,! proselytes ( ju/ice 7 circumcis$ & baptiz$2 ! female proselytes 7 also baptiz$1 q nak$1 9 ! pres5ce ( ?ree m54 ,! mo/ dev\t among ! ,jews w5t & receiv$ baptism f ! h&s ( ! prophets mo/ v5]at$ by ! p4 ,h5ce x 0 t !y flock$ to ,/4 ,john1 :o baptiz$ 9 ! ,jordan4 ,jesus ,*ri/ ,himself1 :o nev] baptiz$ any "o1 deign$ to receive baptism f ,/4 ,john4 ,?is cu/om1 :i* _h long be5 an accessory ( ! ,jewi% religion1 receiv$ new dignity1 new value f our ,savi\r1 & became ! *ief rite1 ! pr9cipal seal ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,h[ev]1 ! fir/ fifte5 bi%ops ( ,j]usalem 7 ,jews4 ',! ,*ri/ians ( ,pale/9e long cont9u$ to circumcise4 ,/4 ,john's ,*ri/ians nev] receiv$ baptism f ,*ri/4 ,sev]al o!r ,*ri/ian societies appli$ a caut]y to ! baptiz$1 ) a r$-hot iron1 be+ det]m9$ to ! p]=mance ( ?is extraord9>y op]ation by ! words ( ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/1 relat$ by ,/4 ,luke3 ,i baptize y ) wat]1 b ,he t come? aft] me %all baptize y ) fire4 ,?is 0 practis$ by ! ,seleucians1 ! ,h]m9ians1 & "s o!rs4 ,! words1 ,he %all baptize y ) fire1 h nev] be5 expla9$4 ,!re are sev]al op9ions conc]n+ ! baptism by fire :i* is m5tion$ by ,/4 ,luke & ,/4 ,mat!w4 ,p]haps ! mo/ likely op9ion is t x 0 an allusion to ! anci5t cu/om ( ! devotees to ! ,syrian goddess1 :o1 aft] plung+ into wat]1 impr9t$ *>act]s on _! bodies ) a hot iron4 ,) mis]able man all 0 sup]/ition1 b ,jesus sub/itut$ = ^! ridicul\s sup]/itions a sacr$ c]emony--a div9e & efficaci\s symbol4 ,9 ! fir/ ages ( ,*ri/ianity no?+ 0 m common ?an to po/pone ! receiv+ ( baptism until ! la/ agony4 ,( ?is ! example ( ! ,emp]or ,con/ant9e is a v /rong pro(4 ,/4 ,&rew _h n be5 baptiz$ :5 he 0 made bi%op ( ,milan4 ,! cu/om ( def]r+ ! use ( ! sacr$ ba? until ! h\r ( dea? 0 soon aboli%$4 ,baptism ( ! ,dead4 ,! dead also 7 baptiz$4 ,?is is e/abli%$ by ! passage ( ,/4 ,paul to ! ,cor9?ians3 ,if we rise n aga9 :at %all !y d t receive baptism f ! dead8 ,"h is a po9t ( fact4 ,ei!r ! dead !mselves 7 baptiz$1 or baptism 0 receiv$ 9 _! names1 z indulg5ces h s9ce be5 receiv$ = ! deliv]ance ( ! s\ls ( fri5ds & relatives out ( purgatory4 ,/4 ,epiphanius & ,/4 ,*ryso/om in=m u t x 0 a cu/om 9 "s ,*ri/ian societies1 & pr9cipally among ! ,m>cionites1 to put a liv+ man "u ! dead man's b$2 he 0 !n ask$ if he w\ld be baptiz$2 ! liv+ man answ]$ yes1 & ! corpse 0 tak5 & plung$ into a tub ( wat]4 ,?is cu/om 0 soon condemn$4 ,/4 ,paul m5tions x b he does n condemn x2 on ! contr>y he cites x z an inv9cible argum5t to prove resurrection4 ,baptism by ,asp]sion4 ,! ,greeks always reta9$ baptism by imm]sion4 ,! ,lat9s1 ab\t ! close ( ! eigh? c5tury1 hav+ ext5d$ _! religion into ,gaul & ,g]many & see+ t imm]sion might be fatal to infants 9 cold c\ntries1 sub/itut$ simple asp]sion & ?us drew ^u !mselves frequ5t ana!mas f ! ,greek ,*ur*4 ,/4 ,cyprian1 bi%op ( ,c>?age1 0 ask$ if ^? 7 really baptiz$ :o _h only _h _! bodies spr9kl$ all ov]4 ,he answ]s1 9 8 sev5ty-six? lett]1 t sev]al *ur*es did n believe ! spr9kl$ to be ,*ri/ians2 t1 = 8 own "p1 he believes t !y are s1 b t !y h inf9itely less grace ?an ^? :o h be5 ?rice dipp$1 accord+ to cu/om4 ,a p]son 0 initiat$ among ! ,*ri/ians z soon z he 0 dipp$2 until !n he 0 only a cate*um54 ,to be initiat$ x 0 necess>y to h sponsors to answ] to ! ,*ur* = ! fidelity ( ! new ,*ri/ians & t ! my/]ies %\ld n be divulg$4 ,h5ce x 0 t 9 ! fir/ ages ! ,g5tiles _h1 9 g5]al1 z little k ( ! ,*ri/ian my/]ies z ! ,*ri/ians _h ( ! my/]ies ( ,isis & ! ,eleus9ian ,c]es4 ,cyril ( ,alex&ria1 9 8 writ+ aga9/ ! ,emp]or ,julian1 expresses himself ?us3 ,i w\ld speak ( baptism b t ,i fe> my words w\ld rea* !m :o are n initiat$4 ,at t "t !re 0 no wor%ip )\t its my/]ies1 its associations1 its cate*um5s1 its initiat$1 & its pr(ess$4 ,ea* sect requir$ new virtues & recomm5d$ to its p5it5ts a new life--initium nov vit--:5ce ! ^w initiation4 ,! initiation ( ,*ri/ians1 :e!r male or female1 consi/$ 9 _! be+ plung$ q nak$ into a tub ( cold wat]1 to :i* sign 0 atta*$ ! remission ( all _! s9s4 ,b ! diff]5ce betwe5 ,*ri/ian baptism & ! ,greek1 ,syrian1 ,egyptian1 & ,roman c]emonies 0 ! diff]5ce betwe5 tru? & falsehood4 ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 ! ,high ,prie/ ( ! new law4 ,9 ! second c5tury infants began to be baptiz$2 x 0 natural t ! ,*ri/ians %\ld desire _! *ildr51 :o w\ld h be5 damn$ )\t ?is sacram5t1 to be provid$ ) x4 ,x 0 at l5g? conclud$ t !y mu/ receive x at ! expiration ( eight days1 because t 0 ! p]iod at :i*1 among ! ,jews1 !y 7 circumcis$4 ,9 ! ,greek ,*ur* ?is is /ill ! cu/om4 ,su* z di$ 9 ! fir/ week 7 damn$1 accord+ to ! mo/ rigor\s fa!rs ( ! ,*ur*4 ,b ,pet] ,*rysologos1 9 ! fif? c5tury1 imag9$ limbo1 a sort ( mitigat$ hell1 or prop]ly1 ! bord]1 ! outskirt ( hell1 :i!r all infants dy+ )\t baptism g & :]e ! patri>*s rema9$ until ,jesus ,*ri/'s desc5t into hell4 ,s t ! op9ion t ,jesus ,*ri/ desc5d$ into limbo1 & n into hell1 has s9ce !n prevail$4 ,x 0 agitat$ :e!r a ,*ri/ian 9 ! des]ts ( ,arabia might be baptiz$ ) s&1 ?is 0 answ]$ 9 ! negative4 ,x 0 ask$ if rosewat] might be us$1 x 0 decid$ t pure wat] w\ld be necess>y b t muddy wat] might be made use (4 ,x is evid5t t all ?is discipl9e dep5d$ on ! discretion ( ! fir/ pa/ors :o e/abli%$ x4 ,! ,anabapti/s & "s o!r communions out ( ! pale h ?\ght t no "o %\ld be baptiz$ )\t a ?or\gh k ( ! m]its ( ! case4 ,y require1 say !y1 a promise to be ( ! ,*ri/ian society1 b a *ild c make no engagem5t4 ,y give x a sponsor1 b ?is is an abuse ( an anci5t cu/om4 ,! precaution 0 requisite 9 ! fir/ e/abli%m5t4 ,:5 /rang]s1 adult m5 & wom51 came & pres5t$ !mselves to be receiv$ into ! society & %>e 9 ! alms !re 0 ne$$ a gu>antee to answ] = _! fidelity2 x 0 necess>y to make sure ( !m2 !y swore !y w\ld be ,jews1 b an infant is 9 a diametrically opposite case4 ,x has (t5 happ5$1 t a *ild baptiz$ by ,greeks at ,con/ant9ople has aft]w>ds be5 circumcis$ by ,turks1 a ,*ri/ian at eight days old & a ,mussulman at ?irty ye>s1 he has betray$ ! oa?s ( 8 godfa!r4 ,?is is "o reason :i* ! ,anabapti/s might allege2 x w\ld hold good 9 ,turkey1 b x has nev] be5 admitt$ 9 ,*ri/ian c\ntries :]e baptism insures a citiz5's condition4 ,we mu/ con=m to ! rights & laws ( our c\ntry4 ,! ,greeks re-baptize su* ( ! ,lat9s z pass f "o ( our ,lat9 communions to ! ,greek communion4 ,9 ! la/ c5tury x 0 ! cu/om = ^! cate*um5s to pron\nce ! foll[+ words3 ,i spit ^u my fa!r & my "m :o _h me ill baptiz$4 ,?is cu/om /ill exi/s1 & w1 p]haps1 long cont9ue to exi/ 9 ! prov9ces4 ,notions ( ,rigid ,unit>ians ,conc]n+ ,baptism4 ,x is evid5t to :osoev] is will+ to reason )\t prejudice t baptism is nei!r a m>k ( grace conf]r$ nor a seal ( alliance1 b simply a m>k ( pr(ession4 ,t baptism is n necess>y1 nei!r by necessity ( precept1 nor by necessity ( means4 ,t x 0 n in/itut$ by ,*ri/ & t x may be omitt$ by ! ,*ri/ian )\t 8 suff]+ any inconv5i5ce !refrom4 ,t baptism %\ld be adm9i/]$ nei!r to *ildr51 nor to adults1 nor1 9 g5]al1 to any individual :atsoev]4 ,t baptism might be ( s]vice 9 ! e>ly infancy ( ,*ri/ianity to ^? :o quitt$ paganism 9 ord] to make _! pr(ession ( fai? public & give an au!ntic m>k ( x1 b t n[ x is absolutely useless & altoge!r indiff]5t4 ,,section ,,ii4 ,baptism1 imm]sion 9 wat]1 ab/]sion1 purification by wat]1 is ( ! highe/ antiquity4 ,to be cleanly 0 to be pure be=e ! gods4 ,no prie/ ev] d>$ to approa* ! alt> ) a soil ^u 8 body4 ,! natural incl9ation to transf] to ! s\l t :i* app]ta9s to ! body l$ to ! belief t lu/rations & ablutions took away ! /a9s ( ! s\l z !y remov$ ^? ( ! g>m5ts & t wa%+ ! body wa%$ ! s\l also4 ,h5ce ! anci5t cu/om ( ba?+ 9 ! ,ganges1 ! wat]s ( :i* 7 ?\ght to be sacr$2 h5ce ! lu/rations s frequ5t among e p4 ,! ,ori5tal nations1 inhabit+ hot c\ntries1 7 ! mo/ religi\sly atta*$ to ^! cu/oms4 ,! ,jews 7 oblig$ to ba! aft] any pollution--aft] t\*+ an unclean animal1 t\*+ a corpse1 & on _m o!r occasions4 ,:5 ! ,jews receiv$ among !m a /rang] conv]t$ to _! religion !y baptiz$1 aft] circumcis+ him1 & if x 0 a woman %e 0 simply baptiz$--t is1 dipp$ 9 wat] 9 ! pres5ce ( ?ree witnesses4 ,?is imm]sion 0 reput$ to give ! p]sons baptiz$ a new bir?1 a new life2 !y became at once ,jewi% & pure4 ,*ildr5 born be=e ?is baptism _h no %>e 9 ! inh]itance ( _! bre?r51 born aft] !m ( a reg5]at$ fa!r & "m4 ,s t1 ) ! ,jews1 to be baptiz$ & to be born aga9 7 ! same ?+1 & ?is idea has rema9$ atta*$ to baptism d[n to ! pres5t day4 ,?us1 :5 ,john1 ! =]unn]1 began to baptize 9 ! ,jordan he did b foll[ an immemorial usage4 ,! prie/s ( ! law did n call him to acc\nt = ?is baptiz+ z = any?+ new1 b !y accus$ him ( arrogat+ to himself a "r :i* belong$ exclusively to !m --z ,roman ,ca?olic prie/s w\ld h a "r to compla9 if a layman took ^u himself to say mass4 ,john 0 do+ a lawful ?+ b 0 do+ x unlawfully4 ,john wi%$ to h disciples1 & he _h !m4 ,he 0 *ief ( a sect among ! l[] ord]s ( ! p & x co/ him 8 life4 ,x ev5 appe>s t ,jesus 0 at fir/ among 8 disciples1 s9ce he 0 baptiz$ by him 9 ! ,jordan1 & ,john s5t "s ( 8 own p>ty to ,him a %ort "t be=e ,8 dea?4 ,! hi/orian ,josephus speaks ( ,john b n ( ,jesus--an inconte/able pro( t 9 8 "t ,john ! ,bapti/ _h a great] reputation ?an ,he :om he baptiz$4 ,a great multitude foll[$ him1 says t celebrat$ hi/orian1 & ! ,jews seem$ dispos$ to und]take :atev] he %\ld comm& !m4 ,f ?is passage x appe>s t ,john 0 n only ! *ief ( a sect1 b ! *ief ( a p>ty4 ,josephus adds t he caus$ ,h]od "s uneas9ess4 ,he did inde$ make himself =midable to ,h]od1 :o1 at l5g?1 put him to dea?1 b ,jesus m$dl$ ) none b ! ,ph>isees4 ,josephus1 !re=e1 m5tions ,john z a man :o _h /irr$ up ! ,jews aga9/ ,k+ ,h]od2 z "o ^: zeal _h made him a /ate crim9al1 b ,jesus1 n hav+ approa*$ ! c\rt1 0 unkn[n to ! hi/orian ,josephus4 ,! sect ( ,john ! ,bapti/ diff]$ widely 9 discipl9e f t ( ,jesus4 ,9 ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les we see t tw5ty ye>s aft] ! execution ( ,jesus1 ,apollos ( ,alex&ria1 ?\gh become a ,*ri/ian1 knew no baptism b t ( ,john1 nor _h any idea ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,sev]al travell]s1 & among o!rs ,*>d91 ! mo/ accr$it$ ( all1 say t 9 ,p]sia !re /ill are disciples ( ,john1 call$ ,sabis1 :o baptize 9 8 "n & ackn[l$ge ,jesus z a prophet1 b n z a god4 ,z = ,jesus ,*ri/ ,himself ,he receiv$ baptism b conf]r$ x on no "o2 ,8 apo/les baptiz$ ! cate*um5s1 or circumcis$ !m z occasion requir$2 ?is is evid5t f ! op]ation ( circumcision p]=m$ by ,paul on 8 disciple ,timo?y4 ,x also appe>s t :5 ! apo/les baptiz$ x 0 always 9 ! "n ( ,jesus ,*ri/ alone4 ,! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les d n m5tion any "o baptiz$ 9 ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,gho/--:5ce x may be conclud$ t ! au?or ( ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les knew no?+ ( ,mat!w's gospel1 9 :i* x is said3 ,g & tea* all nations1 baptiz+ !m 9 ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 & ( ! ,son1 & ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,! ,*ri/ian religion _h n yet receiv$ its =m4 ,ev5 ! ,symbol1 :i* 0 call$ ! ,symbol ( ! ,apo/les1 0 n made until aft] _! "t1 ( ?is no "o has any d\bt4 ,9 ,paul's ,epi/le to ! ,cor9?ians we f9d a v s+ul> cu/om :i* 0 !n introduc$--t ( baptiz+ ! dead1 b ! ris+ ,*ur* soon res]v$ baptism = ! liv+ alone2 at fir/ none 7 baptiz$ b adults1 & ! c]emony 0 (t5 def]r$ until ! age ( fifty1 or ! la/ sickness1 t ! individual might c>ry ) him into ! o!r _w ! unimpair$ virtue ( a baptism rec5tly p]=m$4 ,n[1 all *ildr5 are baptiz$3 none b ! ,anabapti/s res]ve ?is c]emony = ! mature age2 !y plunge _! :ole bodies into ! wat]4 ,! ,quak]s1 :o compose a v num]\s society 9 ,engl& & 9 ,am]ica1 d n use baptism3 ! reason is t ,jesus ,*ri/ did n baptize any ( ,8 disciples1 & _! aim is to be ,*ri/ians only z ,8 disciples 7--:i* occasions a v wide diff]5ce betwe5 !m & o!r communions4 ,addition to ! ,article ,baptism by ,abb ,nicaise4 ,! ,emp]or ,julian1 ! philosoph]1 9 8 immortal ,satire on ! ,cs>s1 puts ^! words into ! m\? ( ,con/antius1 son ( ,con/ant9e3 ,:osoev] feels himself guilty ( rape1 murd]1 plund]1 sacrilege1 & e mo/ abom9able crime1 s soon z ,i h wa%$ him ) ?is wat]1 he %all be clean & pure4 ,x 01 inde$1 ?is fatal doctr9e t occasion$ ! ,*ri/ian emp]ors1 & ! great m5 ( ! empire1 to def] _! baptism until dea?4 ,!y ?\ght !y _h f\nd ! secret ( liv+ crim9al & dy+ virtu\s4 ,h[ /range an idea--t a pot ( wat] %\ld wa% away e crime6 ,n[1 all *ildr5 are baptiz$ because an idea no less absurd supposes !m all crim9al2 !y are all sav$ until !y h ! use ( reason & ! p[] to become guilty6 ,cut _! ?roats1 !n1 z quickly z possible1 to insure _! entrance into p>adise4 ,?is is s j a consequ5ce t !re 0 once a dev\t sect t w5t ab\t poison+ & kill+ all newly-baptiz$ infants4 ,^! dev\t p]sons reason$ ) p]fect correctness1 say+3 ,we d ^! little innoc5ts ! greate/ possible good2 we prev5t !m f be+ wick$ & unhappy 9 ?is life & we give !m life et]nal4 ,,b>u*1 ,,or ,,b>ak1 ,,& ,,deborah2 ,,&1 ,,incid5tally1 ,,on ,,*>iots ,,( ,,w>4 ,we h no int5tion "h to inquire at :at "t ,b>u* 0 *ief ( ! ,jewi% p2 :y1 be+ *ief1 he all[$ 8 army to be comm&$ by a woman2 :e!r ?is woman1 nam$ ,deborah1 _h m>ri$ ,lapido?2 :e!r %e 0 ! fri5d or relative ( ,b>u*1 or p]haps 8 daught] or 8 "m2 nor on :at day ! battle ( ,tabor1 9 ,galilee1 0 f\ght betwe5 ?is ,deborah & ,sis]a1 capta9-g5]al ( ! armies ( ,k+ ,jab9--:i* ,sis]a comm&$ 9 ,galilee an army ( ?ree hundr$ ?\s& foot1 t5 ?\s& horse1 & ?ree ?\s& *>iots ( w>1 accord+ to ! hi/orian ,josephus4 ,we %all at pres5t leave out ( ! "q ?is ,jab91 k+ ( a village call$ ,azor1 :o _h m troops ?an ! ,gr& ,turk4 ,we v mu* pity ! fate ( 8 gr&-vizi] ,sis]a1 :o1 hav+ lo/ ! battle 9 ,galilee1 leap$ f 8 *>iot & f\r t he might fly m swiftly on foot4 ,he w5t & begg$ ! hospitality ( a holy ,jewi% woman1 :o gave him "s milk & drove a great c>t-nail ?r\gh 8 head :ile he 0 asleep4 ,we are v sorry = x1 b ?is is n ! matt] to be discuss$4 ,we wi% to speak ( *>iots ( w>4 ,! battle 0 f\ght at ! foot ( ,m\nt ,tabor1 ne> ! riv] ,ki%on4 ,m\nt ,tabor is a /eep m\nta91 ! bran*es ( :i*1 some:at less 9 height1 ext5d ov] a great "p ( ,galilee4 ,betwe5 ?is m\nta9 & ! neighbor+ rocks !re is a small pla91 cov]$ ) great fl9t-/ones & impracticable = cavalry4 ,! ext5t ( ?is pla9 is f\r or five hundr$ paces4 ,we may v5ture to believe t ,sis]a did n "h draw up 8 ?ree hundr$ ?\s& m5 9 ord] ( battle2 8 ?ree ?\s& *>iots w\ld h f\nd x difficult to manuvre on su* a field4 ,we may believe t ! ,hebrews _h no *>iots ( w> 9 a c\ntry r5[n$ only = asses1 b ! ,asiatics made use ( !m 9 ! great pla9s4 ,confucius1 or r ,confutze1 says positively t1 f "t immemorial1 ea* ( ! vic]oys ( ! prov9ces 0 expect$ to furni% to ! emp]or a ?\s& w>-*>iots1 ea* drawn by f\r horses4 ,*>iots mu/ h be5 9 use long be=e ! ,trojan w>1 = ,hom] does n speak ( !m z a new inv5tion1 b ^! *>iots 7 n arm$ l ^? ( ,babylon1 nei!r ! :eels nor ! axles 7 furni%$ ) /eel blades4 ,at fir/ ?is inv5tion mu/ h be5 v =midable on l>ge pla9s1 especially :5 ! *>iots 7 num]\s1 driv5 ) impetuosity1 & arm$ ) long pikes & scy!s1 b :5 !y became famili> x seem$ s easy to avoid _! %ock t !y fell into g5]al disuse4 ,9 ! w> ( #agda x 0 propos$ to r5ew & re=m ?is anci5t inv5tion4 ,a m9i/] ( /ate _h "o ( ^! *>iots con/ruct$ & x 0 tri$4 ,x 0 ass]t$ t 9 l>ge pla9s1 l t ( ,ltz51 !y might be us$ ) advantage by conceal+ !m beh9d ! cavalry1 ! squadrons ( :i* w\ld op5 to let !m pass & !n foll[ !m1 b ! g5]als judg$ t ?is manuvre w\ld be useless1 & ev5 dang]\s1 n[ t battles are ga9$ by cannon only4 ,x 0 repli$ t !re w\ld be z _m cannon hi ! army us+ ! *>iots ( w> to def5d !m z 9 ! enemy's army to de/roy !m4 ,x 0 add$ t ^! *>iots w\ld1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 be %elt]$ f ! cannon beh9d ! battalions or squadrons1 t ! latt] w\ld op5 & let ! *>iots run ) impetuosity & t ?is unexpect$ attack might h a prodigi\s effect4 ,! g5]als advanc$ no?+ 9 opposition to ^! argum5ts1 b !y w\ld n revive ?is game ( ! anci5t ,p]sians4 ,,battalion4 ,let u obs]ve t ! arrangem5ts1 ! m>*+1 & ! evolutions ( battalions1 ne>ly z !y are n[ practis$1 7 reviv$ 9 ,europe by "o :o 0 n a milit>y man--by ,ma*iavelli1 a secret>y at ,flor5ce4 ,battalions ?ree1 f\r1 & five deep2 battalions advanc+ ^u ! enemy2 battalions 9 squ>e to avoid be+ cut (f 9 a r\t2 battalions f\r deep su/a9$ by o!rs 9 column2 battalions flank$ by cavalry--all are 84 ,he taught ,europe ! art ( w>2 x _h long be5 practis$ )\t be+ kn[n4 ,! gr& duke w\ld h _h 8 secret>y tea* 8 troops _! ex]cises accord+ to 8 new me?od4 ,b ,ma*iavelli 0 too prud5t to d s2 he _h no wi% to see ! (fic]s & soldi]s laugh at a g5]al 9 a black cloak2 he res]v$ himself = ! c\ncil4 ,!re is some?+ s+ul> 9 ! qualities :i* he requires 9 a soldi]4 ,he mu/ fir/ h gagli>dia1 :i* signifies al]t vigor2 he mu/ h a quick & sure eye--9 :i* !re mu/ also be a little gayety2 a /rong neck1 a wide brea/1 a muscul> arm1 r\nd lo9s1 b little belly1 ) sp>e legs & feet--all indicat+ /r5g? & agility4 ,b above all ! soldi] mu/ h honor1 & mu/ be l$ by honor alone4 ,w>1 says he1 is b too great a corrupt] ( morals1 & he rem9ds u ( ! ,italian prov]b3 ,w> makes ?ieves1 & peace f9ds !m gibbets4 ,ma*iavelli _h b a poor op9ion ( ! ,fr5* infantry1 & until ! battle ( ,rocroi x mu/ be confess$ t x 0 v bad4 ,a /range man ?is ,ma*iavelli6 ,he amus$ himself ) mak+ v]ses1 writ+ plays1 %[+ 8 cab9et ! art ( kill+ ) regul>ity1 & tea*+ pr9ces ! art ( p]jur+ !mselves1 assass9at+1 & poison+ z occasion requir$--a great art :i* ,pope ,alex&] ,,vi41 & 8 ba/>d ,cs> ,borgia1 practis$ 9 wond]ful p]fection )\t ! aid ( 8 lessons4 ,be x obs]v$ t 9 all ,ma*iavelli's works on s _m diff]5t subjects !re is n "o ^w :i* r5d]s virtue amiable--n "o ^w proce$+ f ! he>t4 ,! same rem>k has be5 made on ,boileau4 ,he does n1 x is true1 make virtue lovely1 b he repres5ts x z necess>y4 ,,bayle4 ,:y has ,l\is ,rac9e treat$ ,bayle l a dang]\s man1 ) a cruel he>t1 9 an epi/le to ,jean ,bapti/e ,r\sseau1 :i*1 al?\gh pr9t$1 is b little kn[n8 ,he comp>es ,bayle1 ^: logical acut5ess detect$ ! errors ( oppos+ sy/ems1 to ,m>ius sitt+ ^u ! ru9s ( ,c>?age3 ,a9si d'un il cont5t ,m>ius1 dans sa fuite1 ,contemplait les dbris de ,c>?age dtruite4 ,?us exil$ ,m>ius1 ) cont5t$ gaze1 ,?y ru9s1 ,c>?age1 sil5tly surveys4 ,"h is a simile :i* exhibits v little resemblance1 or1 z ,pope says1 a simile dissimil>4 ,m>ius _h n de/roy$ reason & argum5ts1 nor did he cont5t$ly view its ru9s1 b1 on ! contr>y1 he 0 p5etrat$ ) an elevat$ s5tim5t ( melan*oly on contemplat+ ! vicissitudes ( human affairs1 :5 he made ! celebrat$ answ]3 ,say to ! proconsul ( ,africa t ?\ ha/ se5 ,m>ius seat$ on ! ru9s ( ,c>?age4 ,we ask 9 :at ,m>ius resembl$ ,bayle8 ,l\is ,rac9e1 if he ?9ks fit1 may apply ! epi!ts h>d-he>t$ & cruel to ,m>ius1 to ,sulla1 to ! triumvirs1 b1 9 ref]5ce to ,bayle ! phrases dete/able pleasure1 cruel he>t1 t]rible man1 %\ld n be put 9 a s5t5ce writt5 by ,l\is ,rac9e aga9/ "o :o is only prov$ to h weigh$ ! argum5ts ( ! ,mani*ans1 ! ,paulicians1 ! ,arians1 ! ,euty*ians1 aga9/ ^? ( _! adv]s>ies4 ,l\is ,rac9e proportions n ! puni%m5t to ! (f5ce4 ,he %\ld rememb] t ,bayle combat$ ,sp9oza1 :o 0 too mu* ( a philosoph]1 & ,jurieu1 :o 0 none at all4 ,he %\ld respect ! good mann]s ( ,bayle & le>n to reason f him4 ,b he 0 a ,jans5i/1 t is to say1 he knew ! words ( ! language ( ,jans5ism & employ$ !m at r&om4 ,y may prop]ly call cruel & t]rible a p[]ful man :o comm&s 8 slaves1 on pa9 ( dea?1 to g & reap corn :]e he has s[n ?i/les2 :o gives to "s ( !m too mu* food1 & suff]s o!rs to die ( hung]2 :o kills 8 elde/ son to leave a l>ge =tune to ! y\ng]4 ,all t is frightful & cruel1 ,l\is ,rac9e6 ,x is said t su* is ! god ( ?y ,jans5i/s1 b ,i d n believe x4 ,oh slaves ( p>ty1 p attack$ ) ! jaundice1 y con/antly see ev]y?+ yell[6 ,& to :om has ! un?9k+ heir ( a fa!r :o _h a hundr$ times m ta/e ?an he has philosophy1 address$ ?is mis]able epi/le aga9/ ! virtu\s ,bayle8 ,to ,r\sseau--a poet :o ?9ks /ill less2 to a man ^: pr9cipal m]it has consi/$ 9 epigrams :i* are revolt+ to ! mo/ indulg5t read]2 to a man to :om x 0 alike :e!r he sang ,jesus ,*ri/ or ,giton4 ,su* 0 ! apo/le to :om ,l\is ,rac9e d5\nc$ ,bayle z a miscreant4 ,:at motive c\ld ! au?or ( ,phdra & ,iphig5ia h = fall+ into su* a prodigi\s error8 ,simply ?is1 t ,r\sseau _h made v]ses = ! ,jans5i/s1 :om he !n believ$ to be 9 high cr$it4 ,su* is ! rage ( faction let loose ^u ,bayle1 b y d n he> any ( ! dogs :o h h[l$ aga9/ him b>k aga9/ ,lucretius1 ,cic]o1 ,s5eca1 ,epicurus1 nor aga9/ ! num]\s philosoph]s ( antiquity4 ,x is all res]v$ = ,bayle2 he is _! fell[ citiz5--he is ( _! "t--8 glory irritates !m4 ,bayle is read & ,nicole is n read2 behold ! s\rce ( ! ,jans5i/ hatr$6 ,bayle is /udi$1 b nei!r ! rev]5d ,fa!r ,croiset1 nor ! rev]5d ,fa!r ,causs92 h5ce ,jesuitical d5\ncem5t6 ,9 va9 has a ,p>liam5t ( ,france done him ! greate/ honor 9 r5d]+ 8 w valid1 not)/&+ ! sev]ity ( ! law4 ,! madness ( p>ty kn[s nei!r honor nor ju/ice4 ,i h n ins]t$ ?is article to make ! eulogy ( ! be/ ( diction>ies1 :i* w\ld n be becom+ "h1 & ( :i* ,bayle is n 9 ne$2 ,i h writt5 x to r5d]1 if ,i c1 ! _s ( p>ty odi\s & ridicul\s4 ,,bdellium4 ,we are v mu* puzzl$ to "k :at ?is ,bdellium is :i* is f\nd ne> ! %ores ( ! ,pison1 a riv] ( ! t]re/rial p>adise :i* turns into ! c\ntry ( ! ,havilah1 :]e !re is gold4 ,calmet relates t1 accord+ to sev]al comm5tators1 ,bdellium is ! c>buncle1 b t x may also be cry/al4 ,!n x is ! gum ( an ,arabian tree & aft]w>ds we are told t cap]s are int5d$4 ,_m o!rs affirm t x signifies pe>ls4 ,no?+ b ! etymologies ( ,bo*>t c ?r[ a light on ?is "q4 ,i wi% t all ^! comm5tators _h be5 ^u ! spot4 ,! excell5t gold :i* is obta9$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 says ,calmet1 %[s evid5tly t ?is is ! c\ntry ( ,col*is & ! gold5 fleece is a pro( ( x4 ,x is a pity t ?+s h *ang$ s mu* = ,m+relia2 t beautiful c\ntry1 s fam\s = ! loves ( ,m$ea & ,jason1 n[ produces gold & ,bdellium no m ?an bulls :i* vomit fire & flame1 & dragons :i* gu>d ! fleece4 ,ev]y?+ *anges 9 ?is _w2 & if we d n skilfully cultivate our l&s1 & if ! /ate rema9 always 9 debt1 we %all become a second ,m+relia4 ,,be>d4 ,c]ta9 naturali/s assure u t ! secretion :i* produces ! be>d is ! same z t :i* p]petuates mank9d4 ,an entire hemisph]e te/ifies aga9/ ?is frat]nal union4 ,! ,am]icans1 ( :atev] c\ntry1 color1 or /ature !y may be1 h nei!r be>ds on _! *9s1 nor any hair on _! bodies1 except _! eyebr[s & ! hair ( _! heads1 ,i h legal atte/ations ( (ficial m5 :o h liv$1 conv]s$1 & combat$ ) ?irty nations ( ,s\? ,am]ica1 & !y atte/ t !y h nev] se5 a hair on _! bodies2 & !y laugh1 z !y well may1 at writ]s :o1 copy+ "o ano!r1 say t ! ,am]icans are only )\t hair because !y pull x out ) p9c]s2 z if ,*ri/oph] ,columbus1 ,f]n&o ,cortes1 & ! o!r adv5tur]s _h load$ !mselves ) ! little tweez]s ) :i* our ladies remove _! sup]flu\s hairs1 & _h di/ribut$ !m 9 all ! c\ntries ( ,am]ica4 ,i believ$ = a long "t t ! ,esquimaux 7 except$ f ! g5]al laws ( ! new _w2 b ,i am assur$ t !y are z free f hair z ! o!rs4 ,h[ev]1 !y h *ildr5 9 ,*ile1 ,p]u1 & ,canada1 z well z 9 our be>d$ cont95t4 ,!re is1 !n1 a specific diff]5ce betwe5 ^! bip$s & ourselves1 9 ! same way z _! lions1 :i* are dive/$ ( ! mane1 & 9 o!r respects diff] f ! lions ( ,africa4 ,x is to be rem>k$ t ! ,ori5tals h nev] v>i$ 9 _! consid]ation = ! be>d4 ,m>riage among !m has always exi/$1 & t p]iod is /ill ! epo* ( life f :i* !y no long] %ave ! be>d4 ,! long dress & ! be>d impose respect4 ,! ,we/]ns h always be5 *ang+ ! fa%ion ( ! *94 ,mu/a*es 7 worn "u ,l\is ,,xiv4 t[>ds ! ye> #afgb4 ,"u ,l\is ,,xiii4 a little po9t$ be>d prevail$4 ,9 ! "t ( ,h5ry ,,iv4 x 0 squ>e4 ,*>les ,v41 ,julius ,,ii41 & ,francis ,i4 re/or$ ! l>ge be>d to honor 9 _! c\rts1 :i* _h be5 a long "t 9 fa%ion4 ,g[nsm51 ?r\gh gravity & respect = ! cu/oms ( _! fa!rs1 %av$ !mselves2 :ile ! c\rti]s1 9 d\blets & little mantles1 wore _! be>ds z long z !y c\ld4 ,:5 a k+ 9 ^? days s5t a lawy] z an ambassador1 8 comrades w\ld laugh at him if he suff]$ 8 be>d to gr[1 besides mock+ him 9 ! *amb] ( acc\nts or ( reque/s1--,b q en\gh ^u be>ds4 ,,bea/s4 ,:at a pity & :at a pov]ty ( _s to ass]t t bea/s are ma*9es depriv$ ( k & s5tim5t1 :i* effect all _! op]ations 9 ! same mann]1 :i* le>n no?+1 nev] improve1 etc4 ,:at is ?is bird1 :o makes its ne/ 9 a semicircle :5 he atta*es x to a wall2 & 9 a circle on a tree--?is bird does all 9 ! same bl9d mann]6 ,! h\nd1 :i* y h discipl9$ = ?ree mon?s1 does he n "k m at ! end ( ?is "t ?an he did be=e8 ,does ! can>y1 to :i* y play an air1 repeat ft directly8 ,d y n employ a consid]able "t 9 tea*+ x8 ,h y n se5 t he sometimes mi/akes x1 & t be corrects himself8 ,is x because ,i speak to y t y judge ,i h s5tim5t1 memory1 & ideas8 ,well1 suppose ,i d n speak to y2 y see me ent] my room ) an afflict$ air1 ,i seek a pap] ) disquietude1 ,i op5 ! bureau 9 :i* ,i recollect to h %ut x1 ,i hid x & read x ) joy4 ,y pron\nce t ,i h felt ! s5tim5t ( affliction & ( joy2 t ,i h memory & k4 ,ext5d ! same judgm5t to ! dog :o has lo/ 8 ma/]1 :o has s\ght hum ev]y:]e ) griev\s cries1 & :o ent]s ! h\se agitat$ & re/less1 goes up/airs & d[n1 f room to room1 & at la/ f9ds 9 ! closet ! ma/] :om he loves1 & te/ifies 8 joy by ! g5tl5ess ( 8 cries1 by 8 leaps & 8 c>esses4 ,"s b>b>ians seize ?is dog1 :o s prodigi\sly excels man 9 fri5d%ip1 !y nail him to a table & dissect him liv+ to %[ ! mes5t]ic ve9s4 ,y discov] 9 him ! same organs ( s5tim5t :i* are 9 y\rself4 ,answ] me1 ma*9i/1 has nature arrang$ all ! spr+s ( s5tim5t 9 ?is animal t he %\ld n feel8 ,has he n]ves1 & is he incapable ( suff]+8 ,d n suppose ?is imp]t95t contradiction 9 mature4 ,b ! ma/]s ( ?is s*ool ask1 :at is ! s\l ( bea/s8 ,i d n und]/& t9s "q4 ,a tree has ! faculty ( receiv+ 9 its fibres ! sap :i* circulates1 ( evolv+ its buds1 its leaves1 & its fruits4 ,y w ask me :at is ! s\l ( ?is tree8 ,x has receiv$ ^! gifts4 ,! animal has receiv$ ^? ( s5tim5t1 memory1 & a c]ta9 numb] ( ideas4 ,:o has be/[$ ^! gifts2 :o has giv5 ^! faculties8 ,he :o has made ! h]b ( ! field to gr[1 & :o makes ! e>? gravitate t[>ds ! sun4 ,! s\ls ( bea/s are sub/antial =ms1 says ,ari/otle2 & aft] ,ari/otle1 ! ,arabian s*ool2 & aft] ! ,arabian s*ool1 ! ,angelical s*ool2 & aft] ! ,angelical s*ool1 ! ,sorbonne2 & aft] ! ,sorbonne1 e "o 9 ! _w4 ,! s\ls ( bea/s are mat]ial1 exclaim o!r philosoph]s4 ,^! h n be5 m =tunate ?an ! =m]4 ,!y are 9 va9 ask$ :at is a mat]ial s\l8 ,!y say t x is a matt] :i* has s5sation2 b :o has giv5 x ?is s5sation8 ,x is a mat]ial s\l1 t is to say1 x is compos$ ( a matt] :i* gives s5sation to matt]4 ,!y _c get out ( ?is circle4 ,li/5 to "o k9d ( bea/s reason+ ^u ano!r2 _! s\l is a spiritual be+1 :i* dies ) ! body2 b :at pro( h y ( x8 ,:at idea h y ( ?is spiritual be+1 :i* has s5tim5t1 memory1 & its %>e ( ideas & comb9ations1 b :i* c nev] tell :at made a *ild ( six ye>s old8 ,on :at gr\nd d y imag9e t ?is be+1 :i* is n corporeal1 p]i%es ) ! body8 ,! greate/ bea/s are ^? :o h sugge/$ t ?is s\l is nei!r body nor spiritan excell5t sy/em6 ,we c only und]/& by _s some?+ unkn[n1 :i* is n body4 ,?us ! sy/em ( ^! g5tlem5 am\nts to ?is1 t ! s\l ( bea/s is a sub/ance :i* is nei!r body1 nor some?+ :i* is n body4 ,:5ce c proce$ s _m contradictory errors8 ,f ! cu/om :i* m5 h ( exam9+ :at a ?+ is be=e !y "k :e!r x exi/s4 ,!y call ! spee* ! effect ( a brea? ( m9d1 ! s\l ( a sigh4 ,:at is ! s\l8 ,x is a "n :i* ,i h giv5 to ?is valve :i* rises & falls1 :i* lets ! air 91 relieves itself1 & s5ds x ?r\gh a pipe :5 ,i move ! lungs4 ,!re is n1 !n1 a s\l di/9ct f ! ma*9e4 ,b :at moves ! lungs ( animals8 ,i h already said1 ! p[] t moves ! />s4 ,! philosoph] :o said1 ,deus e/ anim brutorum4--,god is ! s\l ( ! brutes--is "r2 b he %\ld h gone mu* fur!r4 ,,beautiful 7,,!74 ,s9ce we h quot$ ,plato on love1 :y %\ld we n quote him on ! beautiful1 s9ce beauty causes love4 ,x is curi\s to "k h[ a ,greek spoke ( ! beautiful m ?an two ?\s& ye>s s9ce4 ,! man initiat$ into ! sacr$ my/]ies1 :5 he sees a beautiful face accompani$ by a div9e =m1 a some?+ m ?an mortal1 feels a secret emotion1 & ,i "k n :at respectful fe>4 ,he reg>ds ?is figure z a div9ity4444 ,:5 ! influ5ce ( beauty ent]s into 8 s\l by 8 eyes he burns2 ! w+s ( 8 s\l are b$ew$2 !y lose ! h>dness :i* reta9s _! g]ms & liquefy !mselves2 ^! g]ms1 swell+ b5ea? ! roots ( its w+s1 !y exp& f e "p ( ! s\l 7= s\l _h w+s =m]ly71 etc4 ,i am will+ to believe t no?+ is f9] ?an ?is disc\rse ( ! div9e ,plato2 b x does n give u v cle> ideas ( ! nature ( ! beautiful4 ,ask a toad :at is beauty--! great beauty ,to ,kalon2 he w answ] t x is ! female ) two great r\nd eyes com+ out ( h] little head1 h] l>ge flat m\?1 h] yell[ belly1 & br[n back4 ,ask a negro ( ,gu9ea2 beauty is to him a black1 oily sk91 sunk5 eyes1 & a flat nose4 ,ask ! devil2 he w tell y t ! beautiful consi/s 9 a pair ( horns1 f\r claws1 & a tail4 ,!n consult ! philosoph]s2 !y w answ] y ) j>gon2 !y mu/ h some?+ con=mable to ! ar*etype ( ! ess5ce ( ! beautiful--to ! ,to ,kalon4 ,i 0 once att5d+ a trag$y ne> a philosoph]4 ,h[ beautiful t is1 said he4 ,:at d y f9d beautiful8 ask$ ,i4 ,x is1 said he1 t ! au?or has atta9$ 8 object4 ,! next day he took 8 m$ic9e1 :i* did him "s good4 ,x has atta9$ its object1 cri$ ,i to him2 x is a beautiful m$ic9e4 ,he compreh5d$ t x c\ld n be said t a m$ic9e is beautiful1 & t to apply to any?+ ! epi!t beautiful x mu/ cause admiration & pleasure4 ,he admitt$ t ! trag$y _h inspir$ him ) ^! two s5tim5ts1 & t x 0 ! ,to ,kalon1 ! beautiful4 ,we made a j\rney to ,engl&4 ,! same piece 0 play$1 &1 al?\gh ably translat$1 x made all ! spectators yawn4 ,oh1 oh6 said he1 ! ,to ,kalon is n ! same ) ! ,engli% z ) ! ,fr5*4 ,he conclud$ aft] _m reflections t ! beautiful is (t5 m]ely relative1 z t :i* is dec5t at ,japan is indec5t at ,rome2 & t :i* is ! fa%ion at ,p>is is n s at ,pek92 & he 0 !reby sp>$ ! tr\ble ( compos+ a long treatise on ! beautiful4 ,illu/ration3 ,a beautiful face accompani$ by a div9e =m4 ,!re are actions :i* ! :ole _w consid]s f9e4 ,a *all5ge pass$ betwe5 two ( ,cs>'s (fic]s1 mortal enemies1 n to %$ ea* o!r's blood beh9d a ?icket by ti]ce & qu>te1 z among u1 b to decide :i* ( !m w\ld be/ def5d ! camp ( ! ,romans1 ab\t to be attack$ by ! b>b>ians4 ,"o ( ! two1 aft] hav+ repuls$ ! enemy1 0 ne> fall+2 ! o!r flew to 8 assi/ance1 sav$ 8 life1 & ga9$ ! victory4 ,a fri5d devotes himself to dea? = 8 fri5d1 a son = 8 fa!r4 ,! ,algonqu91 ! ,fr5*1 ! ,*9ese1 w mutually say t all ?is is v beautiful1 t su* actions give !m pleasure1 & t !y admire !m4 ,!y w say ! same ( great moral maxims2 ( t ( ,zoroa/]3 ,if 9 d\bt t an action be j1 desi/2 ( t ( ,confucius3 ,=get injuries2 nev] =get b5efits4 ,! negro1 ) r\nd eyes & flatt5$ nose1 :o w\ld n give ! ladies ( our c\rt ! "n ( beautiful1 w\ld give x )\t hesitation to ^! actions & ^! maxims4 ,ev5 ! wick$ man recognizes ! beauty ( ! virtues :i* he _c imitate4 ,! beautiful1 :i* only /rikes ! s5ses1 ! imag9ation1 & :at is call$ ! _s1 is !n (t5 unc]ta92 ! beauty :i* /rikes ! he>t is n4 ,y w f9d a numb] ( p :o w tell y !y h f\nd no?+ beautiful 9 ?ree-f\r?s ( ! ,iliad2 b nobody w d5y t ! devotion ( ,codrus = 8 p 0 f9e1 suppos+ x 0 true4 ,bro!r ,att9et1 a ,jesuit1 a native ( ,dijon1 0 employ$ z design] 9 ! c\ntry h\se ( ! ,emp]or ,camhi1 at ! di/ance ( "s leagues f ,pek94 ,?is c\ntry h\se1 says he1 9 "o ( 8 lett]s to ,m4 ,dupont1 is l>g] ?an ! t[n ( ,dijon4 ,x is divid$ into a ?\s& habitations on "o l9e2 ea* "o has its c\rts1 its p>t]res1 its g>d5s1 & its wat]s2 ! front ( ea* is ornam5t$ ) gold v>ni% & pa9t+s4 ,9 ! va/ enclosures ( ! p>k1 hills h be5 rais$ by h& f tw5ty to sixty feet high4 ,! valleys are wat]$ by an inf9ite numb] ( canals1 :i* run a consid]able di/ance to jo9 & =m lakes & seas4 ,we float on ^! seas 9 boats v>ni%$ & gilt1 f twelve to ?irte5 fa?oms long & f\r wide4 ,^! b>ks h magnific5t saloons1 & ! bord]s ( ! canals are cov]$ ) h\ses1 all 9 diff]5t ta/es4 ,e h\se has its g>d5s & cascades4 ,y g f "o valley to ano!r by alleys1 alt]nately ornam5t$ ) pavilions & grottoes4 ,no two valleys are alike2 ! l>ge/ ( all is surr\nd$ by a colonnade1 beh9d :i* are gild$ build+s4 ,all ! ap>tm5ts ( ^! h\ses correspond 9 magnific5ce ) ! outside4 ,all ! canals h bridges at /at$ di/ances2 ^! bridges are bord]$ ) balu/rades ( :ite m>ble sculptur$ 9 basso-relievo4 ,9 ! middle ( ! great sea is rais$ a rock1 & on ?is rock is a squ>e pavilion1 9 :i* are m ?an a hundr$ ap>tm5ts4 ,f ?is squ>e pavilion !re is a view ( all ! palaces1 all ! h\ses1 & all ! g>d5s ( ?is imm5se enclosure1 & !re are m ?an f\r hundr$ ( !m4 ,:5 ! emp]or gives a fte all ^! build+s are illum9at$ 9 an in/ant1 & f e h\se !re are fireworks4 ,?is is n all2 at ! end ( :at !y call ! sea is a great fair1 held by ! emp]or's (fic]s4 ,vessels come f ! great sea to arrive at ?is fair4 ,! c\rti]s disguise !mselves z m]*ants & artific]s ( all sorts2 "o keeps a c(fee h\se1 ano!r a tav]n2 "o takes ! pr(ession ( a ?ief1 ano!r t ( ! (fic] :o pursues him4 ,! emp]or & all ! ladies ( ! c\rt come to buy /uffs1 ! false m]*ants *eat !m z mu* z !y c2 !y tell !m t x is %ameful to dispute s mu* ab\t ! price1 & t !y are poor cu/om]s4 ,_! maje/ies reply t ! m]*ants are knaves2 ! latt] are angry & affect to dep>t2 !y are appeas$2 ! emp]or buys all & makes lott]ies ( x = all 8 c\rt4 ,f>!r on are spectacles ( all sorts4 ,:5 bro!r ,att9et came f ,*9a to ,v]sailles he f\nd x small & dull4 ,! ,g]mans1 :o 7 delight$ to /roll ab\t its groves1 7 a/oni%$ t bro!r ,att9et 0 s difficult4 ,?is is ano!r reason :i* det]m9es me n to write a treatise on ! beautiful4 ,,bees4 ,! bees may be reg>d$ z sup]ior to ! human race 9 ?is1 t f _! own sub/ance !y produce ano!r :i* is useful2 :ile1 ( all our secretions1 !re is n "o good = any?+2 nay1 !re is n "o :i* does n r5d] mank9d disagreeable4 ,i h be5 *>m$ to f9d t ! sw>ms :i* turn out ( ! hive are mu* mild] ?an our sons :5 !y leave college4 ,! "y bees !n /+ no "o2 or at lea/ b r>ely & 9 extraord9>y cases4 ,!y suff] !mselves to be c>ri$ quietly 9 ! b>e h& to ! hive :i* is de/9$ = !m4 ,b no soon] h !y le>n$ 9 _! new habitation to "k _! int]e/s ?an !y become l u & make w>4 ,i h se5 v peaceable bees g = six mon?s to labor 9 a neighbor+ mead[ cov]$ ) fl[]s :i* secret$ !m4 ,:5 ! m[]s came !y ru%$ furi\sly f _! hive ^u ^? :o 7 ab\t to /eal _! prop]ty & put !m to flight4 ,we f9d 9 ! ,prov]bs attribut$ to ,solomon t !re are f\r ?+s1 ! lea/ ^u e>?1 b :i* are wis] ?an ! wise m5--! ants1 a little p :o lay up food dur+ ! h>ve/2 ! h>es1 a weak p :o lie on /ones2 ! gras%opp]s1 :o h no k+s & :o j\rney 9 flocks2 & ! liz>ds1 :i* "w ) _! h&s & dwell 9 ! palaces ( k+s4 ,i "k n h[ ,solomon =got ! bees1 ^: in/9ct seems v sup]ior to t ( h>es1 :i* d n lie on /one2 or ( liz>ds1 ) ^: g5ius ,i am n acqua9t$4 ,moreov]1 ,i %all always pref] a bee to a gras%opp]4 ,! bees h1 9 all ages1 furni%$ ! poet ) descriptions1 comp>isons1 allegories1 & fables4 ,m&eville's celebrat$ ,fable ( ! ,bees made a great noise 9 ,engl&4 ,"h is a %ort sket* ( x3 ,once ! bees1 9 worldly ?+s1 ,_h a happy gov]nm5t2 ,& _! labor]s & _! k+s ,made !m weal?y & cont5t2 ,b "s gre$y drones at la/ ,f\nd _! way into _! hive2 ,^?1 9 idl5ess to ?rive1 ,told ! bees !y ought to fa/4 ,s]mons 7 _! only labors2 ,"w !y prea*$ unto _! neighbors4 ,9 _! language !y w\ld say1 ,y %all surely g to heav51 ,:5 to u y've freely giv5 ,wax & honey all away4-- ,fooli%ly ! bees believ$1 ,till by fam9e undeceiv$2 ,:5 _! mis]y 0 complete1 ,all ! /range delusion vani%$6 ,n[ ! drones are kill$ or bani%$1 ,& ! bees aga9 may eat4 ,m&eville goes mu* fur!r2 he ass]ts t bees _c live at _! ease 9 a great & p[]ful hive )\t _m vices4 ,no k+dom1 no /ate1 says he1 c fl\ri% )\t vices4 ,take away ! vanity ( ladies ( quality1 & !re w be no m f9e manufactures ( silk1 no m employm5t = m5 & wom5 9 a ?\s& diff]5t bran*es2 a great "p ( ! nation w be r$uc$ to begg>y4 ,take away ! av>ice ( our m]*ants1 & ! fleets ( ,engl& w be annihilat$4 ,deprive arti/s ( envy1 & emulation w cease2 we %all s9k back into primitive rud5ess & ignorance4 ,x is q true t a well-gov]n$ society turns e vice to acc\nt2 b x is n true t ^! vices are necess>y to ! well-be+ ( ! _w4 ,v good rem$ies may be made f poisons1 b poisons d n contribute to ! support ( life4 ,by ?us r$uc+ ! ,fable ( ! ,bees to its j value1 x might be made a "w ( moral utility4 ,,begg>--,,m5dicant ,e c\ntry :]e begg+1 :]e m5dicity1 is a pr(ession1 is ill gov]n$4 ,begg>y1 z ,i h else:]e said1 is a v]m9 t cl+s to opul5ce4 ,yes2 b let x be %ak5 (f2 let ! hospitals be = sickness & age alone1 & let ! %ops be = ! "y & vigor\s4 ,! foll[+ is an extract f a s]mon compos$ by a prea*] t5 ye>s ago = ! p>i% ( ,/4 ,leu & ,/4 ,giles1 :i* is ! p>i% ( ! begg>s & ! convulsion>ies3 ,paup] es evangelicantur--! gospel is prea*$ to ! poor4 ,my de> bre?r5 ! begg>s1 :at is meant by ! ^w gospel8 ,x signifies good news4 ,x is1 !n1 good news t ,i come to tell y2 & :at is x8 ,x is t if y are idl]s y w die on a dung-hill4 ,"k t !re h be5 idle k+s1 s at lea/ we are told1 & !y at la/ _h n :]e to lay _! heads4 ,if y "w1 y w be z happy z o!r m54 ,! prea*]s at ,/4 ,eu/a*e & ,/4 ,ro*e may deliv] to ! ri* v f9e s]mons 9 a fl[]y /yle1 :i* procure = ! auditors a light slumb] ) an easy dige/ion1 & = ! orator a ?\s& cr[ns2 b ,i address ^? :om hung] keeps awake4 ,"w = y\r bread1 ,i say2 = ! ,scripture says t he :o does n "w des]ves n to eat4 ,our bro!r 9 adv]sity1 ,job1 :o 0 = "s "t 9 y\r condition1 says t man is born to labor z ! bird is to fly4 ,look at ?is imm5se city2 e "o is busy2 ! judges rise at f\r 9 ! morn+ to adm9i/] ju/ice to y & s5d y to ! galleys :5 y\r idl5ess has caus$ y to ?ieve r awkw>dly4 ,! k+ works2 he att5ds 8 c\ncil e day2 & he has made campaigns4 ,p]haps y w say he is none ! ri*]4 ,grant$2 b t is n 8 fault4 ,! f9anci]s "k1 bett] ?an y or ,i d1 t n "o-half 8 rev5ue ev] ent]s 8 c(f]s4 ,he has be5 oblig$ to sell 8 plate 9 ord] to def5d u aga9/ our enemies4 ,we %\ld aid him 9 our turn4 ,! ,fri5d ( ,man 7l',ami des ,hommes7 all[s him only sev5ty-five millions p] annum4 ,ano!r fri5d all at once gives him sev5 hundr$ & =ty4 ,b ( all ^! ,job's com=t]s1 n "o w advance him a s+le cr[n4 ,x is necess>y to inv5t a ?\s& +5i\s ways ( draw+ ?is cr[n f our pockets1 :i*1 be=e x rea*es 8 own1 is dim9i%$ by at lea/ "o-half4 ,"w1 !n1 my de> bre?r52 act = y\rselves1 = ,i =ew>n y t if y d n take c>e ( y\rselves1 no "o w take c>e ( y2 y w be treat$ z ! k+ has be5 9 sev]al grave remon/rances2 p w say1 ',god help y4' ,we w g into ! prov9ces1 y w answ]2 we skill be f$ by ! lords ( ! l&1 by ! f>m]s1 by ! curates4 ,d n flatt] y\rselves1 my de> bre?r51 t y %all eat at _! tables2 !y h = ! mo/ "p en\gh to d to fe$ !mselves1 not)/&+ ! ',me?od ( ,rapidly ,gett+ ,ri* by ,agriculture' & fifty o!r works ( ! same k9d1 publi%$ e day at ,p>is = ! use ( ! p 9 ! c\ntry1 ) ! cultivation ( :i* ! au?ors nev] _h any?+ to d4 ,i behold among y "y m5 ( "s tal5t1 :o say t !y w make v]ses1 t !y w write pamphlets1 l ,*isiac1 ,normotte1 or ,pat\illet2 t !y w "w = ! ',n\velles ,ecclsia/iques' t !y w write %eets = ,frron1 fun]al orations = bi%ops1 songs = ! comic op]a4 ,any ( ^! w\ld at lea/ be an occupation4 ,:5 a man is writ+ = ! ',anne ,littraire1' he is n robb+ on ! highway1 he is only robb+ 8 cr$itors4 ,b d bett]1 my de> bre?r5 9 ,jesus ,*ri/--my de> begg>s1 :o1 by pass+ y\r lives 9 ask+ *>ity1 run ! risk ( ! galleys2 d bett]2 ent] "o ( ! f\r m5dicant ord]s2 y w !n be n only ri*1 b honor$ also4 ,,bekk]1 ,,! ,,_w ,,bewit*$1 ,,! ,,devil1 ,,! ,,book ,,( ,,eno*1 ,,& ,,sorc]]s4 ,?is ,bal?az> ,bekk]1 a v good man1 a great enemy ( ! ev]la/+ hell & ! devil1 & a /ill great] ( precision1 made a great deal ( noise 9 8 "t by 8 great book1 ,! ,_w ,bewit*$4 ,"o ,jacques-,george de ,*aufepi$1 a pret5d$ cont9uator ( ,bayle1 assures u t ,bekk] le>n$ ,greek at ,gascoigne4 ,nic]on has good reasons = believ+ t x 0 at ,franek]4 ,?is hi/orical po9t has occasion$ mu* d\bt & tr\ble at c\rt4 ,! fact is t 9 ! "t ( ,bekk]1 a m9i/] ( ! ,holy ,gospel--z !y say 9 ,holl&--! devil 0 /ill 9 prodigi\s cr$it among div9es ( all sorts 9 ! middle ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 9 spite ( ! good spirits :i* 7 beg9n+ to enlight5 ! _w4 ,wit*craft1 possessions1 & ev]y?+ else atta*$ to t f9e div9ity1 7 9 vogue ?r\gh\t ,europe & frequ5tly _h fatal results4 ,a c5tury _h sc>cely elaps$ s9ce ,k+ ,james himself--call$ by ,h5ry ,,iv4 ,ma/] ,james--t great enemy ( ! ,roman communion & ! papal p[]1 _h publi%$ 8 ,demonology 7:at a book = a k+67 & 9 x _h admitt$ sorc]ies1 incubuses1 & succubuses1 & ackn[l$g$ ! p[] ( ! devil1 & ( ! pope1 :o1 accord+ to him1 _h j z good a "r to drive ,satan f ! bodies ( ! possess$ z any o!r prie/4 ,& we1 mis]able ,fr5*m51 :o boa/ ( hav+ recov]$ "s small "p ( our s5ses1 9 :at a horrid s9k ( /upid b>b>ism 7 we !n imm]s$6 ,n a p>liam5t1 n a presid5tial c\rt1 b 0 occupi$ 9 try+ sorc]]s2 n a great jurisconsult :o did n write memorials on possessions by ! devil4 ,france res\nd$ ) ! cries ( poor imbecile creatures :om ! judges1 aft] mak+ !m believe t !y _h danc$ r\nd a cauldron1 tortur$ & put to dea? )\t pity1 9 horrible torm5ts4 ,ca?olics & ,prote/ants 7 alike infect$ ) ?is absurd & frightful sup]/ition2 ! pretext be+ t 9 "o ( ! ,*ri/ian gospels x is said t disciples 7 s5t to ca/ out devils4 ,x 0 a sacr$ duty to put girls to ! torture 9 ord] to make !m confess t !y _h la9 ) ,satan1 & t !y _h fall5 9 love ) him 9 ! =m ( a goat4 ,all ! p>ticul>s ( ! meet+s ( ! girls ) ?is goat 7 detail$ 9 ! trials ( ! un=tunate individuals4 ,!y 7 burn$ at la/1 :e!r !y confess$ or d5i$2 & ,france 0 "o va/ !atre ( judicial c>nage4 ,i h be=e me a collection ( ^! inf]nal proce$+s1 made by a c\nsellor ( ! ,p>liam5t ( ,bordeaux1 nam$ ,de ,langre1 & address$ to ,monseigneur ,sill]i1 *ancellor ( ,france1 )\t ,monseigneur ,sill]i's hav+ ev] ?\ght ( enlight5+ ^? infam\s magi/rates4 ,b1 inde$1 x w\ld h be5 necess>y to beg9 by enlight5+ ! *ancellor himself4 ,:at 0 ,france at t "t8 ,a cont9ual ,/4 ,b>?olomew--f ! massacre ( ,vassy to ! assass9ation ( ,m>%al d',ancre & 8 innoc5t wife4 ,w x be believ$ t 9 ! "t ( ?is v ,bekk]1 a poor girl nam$ ,magdal5 ,*audron1 :o _h be5 p]suad$ t %e 0 a wit*1 0 burn$ at ,g5eva8 ,! foll[+ is a v exact summ>y ( ! procs-v]bal ( ?is absurd & horrid act1 :i* is n ! la/ monum5t ( ! k9d3 ,mi*elle1 hav+ met ! devil z %e 0 go+ out ( ! t[n1 ! devil gave h] a kiss1 receiv$ h] homage1 & impr9t$ on h] upp] lip & h] "r brea/ ! m>k :i* x is 8 cu/om to affix on all p]sons :om he recognizes z 8 favorites4 ,?is seal ( ! devil is a small sign-manual1 :i*1 z demonological jurisconsults affirm1 r5d]s ! sk9 ins5sible4 ,! devil ord]$ ,mi*elle ,*audron to bewit* two girls2 & %e imm$iately obey$ h] "l4 ,! relatives ( ! "y wom5 judicially *>g$ h] ) devili% practices1 & ! girls !mselves 7 int]rogat$ & confront$ ) ! accus$4 ,!y te/ifi$ t !y con/antly felt a sw>m+ ( ants 9 c]ta9 p>ts ( _! bodies1 & t !y 7 possess$4 ,! physicians 7 !n call$ 91 or at lea/ ^? :o !n pass$ z physicians4 ,!y visit$ ! girls & s\ght on ,mi*elle's body = ! devil's seal1 :i* ! procs-v]bal calls ! satanic m>ks4 ,!y ?ru/ a l>ge ne$le into ! spot1 & ?is ( itself 0 a griev\s torture4 ,blood fl[$ f ! puncture2 & ,mi*elle made kn[n by h] cries t satanic m>ks d n produce ins5sibility4 ,! judges1 see+ no satisfactory evid5ce t ,mi*elle ,*audron 0 a wit*1 _h h] put to ! torture1 :i* nev] fails to br+ =? pro(s4 ,! un=tunate girl1 yield+ at l5g? to ! viol5ce ( h] tortures1 confess$ :atev] 0 requir$ ( h]4 ,! physicians aga9 s\ght = ! satanic m>k4 ,!y f\nd x 9 a small d>k spot on "o ( h] ?ighs4 ,!y appli$ ! ne$le2 b ! torture _h be5 s excessive t ! poor1 expir+ creature sc>cely felt ! w\nd2 %e did n cry out2 !re=e ! crime 0 satisfactorily prov$4 ,b1 z mann]s 7 becom+ less rude1 %e 0 n burn$ until %e _h be5 hang$4 ,e tribunal 9 ,*ri/ian ,europe /ill r+s ) simil> condemnations2 s long did ?is b>b>\s imbecility endure1 t ev5 9 our own day1 at ,wrzburg1 9 ,franconia1 !re 0 a wit* burn$ 9 #agej4 ,& :at a wit*6 ,a "y woman ( quality1 ! abbess ( a conv5t6 & 9 our own times1 "u ! empire ( ,m>ia ,!resa ( ,au/ria6 ,^! horrors1 by :i* ,europe 0 s long fill$1 det]m9$ ,bekk] to fight aga9/ ! devil4 ,9 va9 0 he told1 9 prose & v]se1 t he 0 do+ wrong to attack him1 see+ t he 0 extremely l him1 be+ horribly ugly2 no?+ c\ld /op him4 ,he began ) absolutely d5y+ ! p[] ( ,satan2 & ev5 grew s bold z to ma9ta9 t he does n exi/4 ,if1 said he1 !re 7 a devil1 he w\ld rev5ge ! w> :i* ,i make ^u him4 ,bekk] reason$ b too well 9 say+ t if ! devil exi/$ he w\ld puni% him4 ,8 bro!r m9i/]s took ,satan's "p & susp5d$ ,bekk]2 = h]etics w also excommunicate2 & 9 ! article ( curs+1 ,g5eva mimics ,rome4 ,bekk] ent]s on 8 subject 9 ! second volume4 ,accord+ to him1 ! s]p5t :i* s$uc$ our fir/ p>5ts 0 n a devil1 b a real s]p5t2 z ,balaam's ass 0 a real ass1 & z ! :ale t swall[$ ,jonah 0 a real :ale4 ,x 0 s decid$ly a real s]p5t1 t all its species1 :i* _h be=e walk$ on _! feet1 7 condemn$ to crawl on _! bellies4 ,no s]p5t1 no animal ( any k9d1 is call$ ,satan1 or ,beelzebub1 or devil1 9 ! ,p5tateu*4 ,!re is n s mu* z an allusion to ,satan4 ,! ,dut* de/roy] ( ,satan does1 inde$1 admit ! exi/5ce ( angels2 b at ! same "t he assures u t x _c be prov$ by reason+4 ,& if !re are any1 says he1 9 ! eigh? *apt] ( 8 second volume1 x is h>d to say :at !y are4 ,! ,scripture tells u no?+ ab\t _! nature1 nor 9 :at ! nature ( a _s consi/s4 ,! ,bible 0 made1 n = angels1 b = m52 ,jesus 0 made a man = u1 n an angel4 ,if ,bekk] has s _m scruples conc]n+ angels1 x is n to be wond]$ at t he has "s conc]n+ devils2 & x is v amus+ to see into :at contortions he puts 8 m9d 9 ord] to avail himself ( su* texts z appe> to be 9 8 favor & to evade su* z are aga9/ him4 ,he does 8 utmo/ to prove t ! devil _h no?+ to d ) ! afflictions ( ,job2 & "h he is ev5 m prolix ?an ! fri5ds ( t holy man4 ,!re is great probability t he 0 condemn$ only ?r\gh ! ill-humor ( 8 judges at hav+ lo/ s mu* "t 9 read+ 8 "w4 ,if ! devil himself _h be5 =c$ to read ,bekk]'s ,_w ,bewit*$ he c\ld nev] h =giv5 ! fault ( hav+ s prodigi\sly we>i$ him4 ,"o ( our ,dut* div9e's greate/ difficulties is to expla9 ^! words3 ,jesus 0 transport$ by ! _s into ! des]t to be tempt$ by ! devil4 ,no text c be cle>]4 ,a div9e may write aga9/ ,beelzebub z mu* z he pleases1 b he mu/ ( necessity admit 8 exi/5ce2 he may !n expla9 ! difficult texts if he c4 ,:oev] desires to "k precisely :at ! devil is may be in=m$ by ref]r+ to ! ,jesuit ,scott2 no "o has spok5 ( him m at l5g?2 he is mu* worse ?an ,bekk]4 ,consult+ hi/ory1 :]e ! anci5t orig9 ( ! devil is to be f\nd 9 ! doctr9e ( ! ,p]sians1 ,ahrimanes1 ! bad pr9ciple1 corrupts all t ! good pr9ciple _h made salut>y4 ,among ! ,egyptians1 ,typhon does all ! h>m he c2 :ile ,o%ire?1 :om we call ,osiris1 does1 toge!r ) ,i%e?1 or ,isis1 all ! good ( :i* he is capable4 ,be=e ! ,egyptians & ,p]sians1 ,mozazor1 among ! ,indians1 _h revolt$ aga9/ ,god & become ! devil1 b ,god _h at la/ p>don$ him4 ,if ,bekk] & ! ,soc9ians _h kn[n ?is anecdote ( ! fall ( ! ,indian angels & _! re/oration1 !y w\ld h avail$ !mselves ( x to support _! op9ion t hell is n p]petual1 & to give hopes ( salvation to su* ( ! damn$ z read _! books4 ,! ,jews1 z has already be5 obs]v$1 nev] spoke ( ! fall ( ! angels 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t2 b x is m5tion$ 9 ! ,new4 ,ab\t ! p]iod ( ! e/abli%m5t ( ,*ri/ianity a book 0 attribut$ to ,eno*1 ! sev5? man aft] ,adam1 conc]n+ ! devil & 8 associates4 ,eno* gives u ! names ( ! lead]s ( ! rebelli\s & ! fai?ful angels1 b he does n say t w> 0 9 heav52 on ! contr>y1 ! fight 0 ^u a m\nta9 ( ! e>?1 & x 0 = ! possession ( "y wom54 ,/4 ,jude cites ?is book 9 8 ,epi/le3 ,& ! angels1 :i* kept n _! fir/ e/ate1 b left _! own habitation1 he ha? res]v$ 9 ev]la/+ *a9s "u d>kness1 unto ! judgm5t ( ! great day4444 ,woe unto !m1 = !y h gone 9 ! way ( ,ca94444 ,& ,eno*1 also1 ! sev5? f ,adam1 prophesi$ ( ^!4444 ,/4 ,pet] 9 8 second ,epi/le alludes to ! ,book ( ,eno* :5 he says3 ,= if ,god sp>$ n ! angels t s9n$1 b ca/ !m d[n to hell & deliv]$ !m into *a9s ( d>kness4444 ,bekk] mu/ h f\nd x difficult to resi/ passages s =mal4 ,h[ev]1 he 0 ev5 m inflexible on ! subject ( devils ?an on t ( angels2 he w\ld n be subdu$ by ! ,book ( ,eno*1 ! sev5? man f ,adam2 he ma9ta9$ t !re 0 no m a devil ?an !re 0 a book ( ,eno*4 ,he said t ! devil 0 imitat$ f anci5t my?ology1 t x 0 an old /ory reviv$1 & t we are no?+ m ?an plagi>i/s4 ,we may at ! pres5t day be ask$ :y we call t ,lucif] ! evil _s1 :om ! ,hebrew v]sion1 & ! book attribut$ to ,eno*1 nam$ ,samyaza4 ,x is because we und]/& ,lat9 bett] ?an ,hebrew4 ,b :e!r ,lucif] be ! planet ,v5us1 or ! ,samyaza ( ,eno*1 or ! ,satan ( ! ,babylonians1 or ! ,mozazor ( ! ,indians1 or ! ,typhon ( ! ,egyptians1 ,bekk] 0 "r 9 say+ t s enorm\s a p[] ought n to be attribut$ to him z t ) :i*1 ev5 d[n to our own times1 he has be5 believ$ to be inve/$4 ,x is too mu* to h immolat$ to him a woman ( quality ( ,wrzburg1 ,magdal5 ,*audron1 ! curate ( ,gaupidi1 ! wife ( ,m>%al d',ancre1 & m ?an a hundr$ ?\s& o!r wiz>ds & wit*es1 9 ! space ( ?irte5 hundr$ ye>s1 9 ,*ri/ian /ates4 ,_h ,bel?az> ,bekk] be5 cont5t ) p>+ ! devil's nails1 he w\ld h be5 v well receiv$2 b :5 a curate w\ld annihilate ! devil he loses 8 cure4 ,,belief4 ,we %all see at ! article ,c]ta9ty t we ought (t5 to be v unc]ta9 ( :at we are c]ta9 (2 & t we may fail 9 good s5se :5 decid+ accord+ to :at is call$ common s5se4 ,b :at is x t we call believ+8 ,a ,turk comes & says to me1 ,i believe t ! angel ,gabriel (t5 desc5d$ f ! empyrean1 to br+ ,mahomet leaves ( ! ,koran1 writt5 on blue vellum4 ,well1 ,mu/apha1 & on :at does ?y %av5 head f\nd its belief ( ?is incr$ible ?+8 ,on ?is3 ,t !re are ! greate/ probabilities t ,i h n be5 deceiv$ 9 ! relation ( ^! improbable prodigies2 t ,abubek]1 ! fa!r-9-law1 ,ali1 ! son-9-law1 ,ai%a1 or ,aisse1 ! daught]1 ,om>1 & ,osman1 c]tifi$ ! tru? ( ! fact 9 ! pres5ce ( fifty ?\s& m5--ga!r$ toge!r all ! leaves1 read !m to ! fai?ful1 & atte/$ t n a ^w _h be5 alt]$4 ,t we h nev] _h b "o ,koran1 :i* has nev] be5 contradict$ by ano!r ,koran4 ,t ,god has nev] p]mitt$ ! lea/ alt]ation to be made 9 ?is book4 ,t its doctr9e & precepts are ! p]fection ( reason4 ,its doctr9e consi/s 9 ! unity ( ,god1 = ,:om we mu/ live & die2 9 ! immortality ( ! s\l2 ! et]nal rew>ds ( ! j & puni%m5ts ( ! wick$2 & ! mission ( our great prophet ,mahomet1 prov$ by victories4 ,its precepts are3 ,to be j & valiant2 to give alms to ! poor2 to ab/a9 f t enorm\s numb] ( wom5 :om ! ,ea/]n pr9ces1 & 9 p>ticul> ! petty ,jewi% k+s1 took to !mselves )\t scruple2 to r5\nce ! good w9es ( ,engaddi & ,tadmor1 :i* ^? drunk5 ,hebrews h s prais$ 9 _! books2 to pray to ,god five times a day1 etc4 ,?is sublime religion has be5 confirm$ by ! miracle ( all o!rs ! f9e/1 ! mo/ con/ant1 & be/ v]ifi$ 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w2 t ,mahomet1 p]secut$ by ! gross & absurd s*ola/ic magi/rates :o decre$ 8 arre/1 & oblig$ to quit 8 c\ntry1 return$ victori\s2 t he made 8 imbecile & sangu9>y enemies 8 foot/ool2 t he all 8 life f\ght ! battles ( ! ,"l2 t ) a small numb] he always triumph$ ov] ! great] numb]2 t he & 8 successors h conv]t$ "o-half ( ! e>?2 & t1 ) ,god's help1 we %all "o day conv]t ! o!r half4 ,no?+ c be array$ 9 m dazzl+ colors4 ,yet ,mu/apha1 :ile believ+ s firmly1 always feels "s small %ad[s ( d\bt aris+ 9 8 s\l :5 he he>s any difficulties />t$ respect+ ! visits ( ! angel ,gabriel2 ! sura or *apt] br\ght f heav5 to decl>e t ! great prophet 0 n a cuckold2 or ! m>e ,borak1 :i* c>ri$ him 9 "o night f ,mecca to ,j]usalem4 ,mu/apha /amm]s2 he makes v bad answ]s1 at :i* he blu%es2 yet he n only tells y t he believes1 b w\ld also p]suade y to believe4 ,y press ,mu/apha2 he /ill gapes & />es1 & at la/ goes away to wa% himself 9 honor ( ,allah1 beg9n+ 8 ablution at ! elb[ & end+ ) ! =ef+]4 ,is ,mu/apha really p]suad$--conv9c$ ( all t he has told u8 ,is he p]fectly sure t ,mahomet 0 s5t by ,god1 z he is sure t ! city ( ,/amb\l exi/s8 z he is sure t ! ,empress ,ca!r9e ,,ii4 s5t a fleet f ! remote/ seas ( ! ,nor? to l& troops 9 ,peloponnesus--a ?+ z a/oni%+ z ! j\rney f ,mecca to ,j]usalem 9 "o night--& t ?is fleet de/roy$ t ( ! ,ottomans 9 ! ,d>danelles8 ,! tru? is t ,mu/apha believes :at he does n believe4 ,he has be5 accu/om$ to pron\nce1 ) 8 mollah1 c]ta9 words :i* he takes = ideas4 ,to believe is v (t5 to d\bt4 ,:y d y believe t8 says ,h>pagon4 ,i believe x because ,i believe x1 answ]s ,ma/] ,jacques2 & mo/ m5 might return ! same answ]4 ,believe me fully1 my de> read]1 :5 ,i say "o mu/ n believe too easily4 ,b :at %all we say ( ^? :o w\ld p]suade o!rs ( :at !y !mselves d n believe8 & :at ( ! mon/]s :o p]secute _! bre?r5 9 ! humble & rational doctr9e ( d\bt & self-di/ru/8 ,,be?%eme%4 ,( ! ,fifty ,?\s& & ,sev5ty ,jews ,/ruck ) ,sudd5 ,dea? = ,hav+ ,look$ ,^u ! ,ark2 ( ! ,five ,gold5 ,em]oids ,paid by ! ,phili/9es2 & ( ,dr4 ,k5nicott's ,incr$ulity4 ,m5 ( ! _w w p]haps be a/oni%$ to f9d ?is ^w ! subject ( an article2 b we "h address only ! le>n$ & ask _! in/ruction4 ,be?%eme% 0 a village belong+ to ,god's p1 situat$1 accord+ to comm5tators1 two miles nor? ( ,j]usalem4 ,! ,phnicians hav+1 9 ,samuel's "t1 beat5 ! ,jews1 & tak5 f !m _! ,ark ( alliance 9 ! battle1 9 :i* !y kill$ ?irty ?\s& ( _! m51 7 sev]ely puni%$ = x by ! ,"l3 ,p]cussit eos 9 secretiori p>te natium1 et ebulli]unt vill et agri4444 et nati sunt mures1 et facta e/ confusio mortis magna 9 civitate4 ,lit]ally3 ,he /ruck !m 9 ! mo/ secret "p ( ! buttocks2 & ! fields & ! f>mh\ses 7 tr\bl$4444 & !re sprung up mice2 & !re 0 a great confusion ( dea? 9 ! city4 ,! prophets ( ! ,phnicians1 or ,phili/9es1 hav+ in=m$ !m t !y c\ld deliv] !mselves f ! sc\rge only by giv+ to ! ,"l five gold5 mice & five gold5 em]oids1 & s5d+ him back ! ,jewi% ,ark1 !y fulfill$ ?is ord]1 &1 accord+ to ! express comm& ( _! prophets s5t back ! ,ark ) ! mice & em]oids on a wagon drawn by two c[s1 ) ea* a suck+ calf & )\t a driv]4 ,^! two c[s ( !mselves took ! ,ark /raight to ,be?%eme%4 ,! m5 ( ,be?%eme% approa*$ ! ,ark 9 ord] to look at x1 :i* lib]ty 0 puni%$ yet m sev]ely ?an ! pr(anation by ! ,phnicians _h be54 ,! ,"l /ruck ) sudd5 dea? sev5ty m5 ( ! p1 & fifty ?\s& ( ! populace4 ,! rev]5d ,doctor ,k5nicott1 an ,iri%man1 pr9t$ 9 #agfh a ,fr5* comm5t>y on ?is occurr5ce & d$icat$ x to ! bi%op ( ,ox=d4 ,at ! head ( ?is comm5t>y he entitles himself ,doctor ( ,div9ity1 memb] ( ! ,royal ,society ( ,london1 ( ! ,palat9e ,academy1 ( ! ,academy ( ,gtt+51 & ( ! ,academy ( ,inscriptions at ,p>is4 ,all t ,i "k ( ! matt] is t he is n ( ! ,academy ( ,inscriptions at ,p>is4 ,p]haps he is "o ( its correspond5ts4 ,8 va/ erudition may h deceiv$ him1 b titles are di/9ct f ?+s4 ,he in=ms ! public t 8 pamphlet is sold at ,p>is by ,saillant & ,mol9i1 at ,rome by ,monald9i1 at ,v5ice by ,pasquali1 at ,flor5ce by ,cambiagi1 at ,am/]dam by ,m>c-,mi*el ,rey1 at ,! ,hague by ,gosse1 at ,leyd5 by ,jaquau1 & 9 ,london by ,beckett1 :o receives subscriptions4 ,9 ?is pamphlet he pret5ds to prove t ! ,scripture text has be5 corrupt$4 ,"h we mu/ be p]mitt$ to diff] ) him4 ,ne>ly all ,bibles agree 9 ^! expressions3 sev5ty m5 ( ! p & fifty ?\s& ( ! populace--,de populo septuag9ta viros1 et qu9quag9ta millia plebis4 ,! rev]5d ,doctor ,k5nicott says to ! "r rev]5d ! "l bi%op ( ,ox=d t =m]ly !re 7 /rong prejudices 9 favor ( ! ,hebrew text1 b t = sev5te5 ye>s 8 lord%ip & himself h be5 fre$ f _! prejudices1 aft] ! delib]ate & att5tive p]usal ( ?is *apt]4 ,9 ?is we diff] f ,dr4 ,k5nicott1 & ! m we read ?is *apt] ! m we rev]5ce ! ways ( ! ,"l1 :i* are n our ways4 ,x is impossible1 says ,k5nicott1 = ! c&id read] n to feel a/oni%$ & affect$ at ! contemplation ( fifty ?\s& m5 de/roy$ 9 "o village--m51 too1 employ$ 9 ga!r+ ! h>ve/4 ,?is does1 x is true1 suppose a hundr$ ?\s& p]sons1 at lea/1 9 t village1 b %\ld ! doctor =get t ! ,"l _h promis$ ,abraham t 8 po/]ity %\ld be z num]\s z ! s&s ( ! sea8 ,! ,jews & ! ,*ri/ians1 adds he1 h n scrupl$ to express _! repugnance to atta* fai? to ?is de/ruction ( fifty ?\s& & sev5ty m54 ,we answ] t we are ,*ri/ians & h no repugnance to atta* fai? to :atev] is 9 ! ,holy ,scriptures4 ,we answ]1 ) ! rev]5d ,fa!r ,calmet1 t if we 7 to reject :atev] is extraord9>y & beyond ! rea* ( our conception we mu/ reject ! :ole ,bible4 ,we are p]suad$ t ! ,jews1 be+ "u ! guidance ( ,god himself1 c\ld exp]i5ce no ev5ts b su* z 7 /amp$ ) ! seal ( ! ,div9ity & q diff]5t f :at happ5$ to o!r m54 ,we w ev5 v5ture to advance t ! dea? ( ^! fifty ?\s& & sev5ty m5 is "o ( ! lea/ surpris+ ?+s 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,we are /ruck ) a/oni%m5t /ill m rev]5tial :5 ,eve's s]p5t & ,balaam's ass talk2 :5 ! wat]s ( ! cat>acts are swell$ by ra9 fifte5 cubits above all ! m\nta9s2 :5 we behold ! plagues ( ,egypt1 & ! six hundr$ & ?irty ?\s& fight+ ,jews fly+ on foot ?r\gh ! divid$ & susp5d$ sea2 :5 ,jo%ua /ops ! sun & moon at noonday2 :5 ,samson slays a ?\s& ,phili/9es ) ! jaw-bone ( an ass4444 ,9 ^? div9e times all 0 miracle1 )\t exception1 & we h ! pr(\nde/ rev]5ce = all ^! miracles--= t anci5t _w :i* 0 n our _w2 = t nature :i* 0 n our nature2 = a div9e book1 9 :i* !re c be no?+ human4 ,b we are a/oni%$ at ! lib]ty :i* ,dr4 ,k5nicott takes ( call+ ^? dei/s & a!i/s1 :o1 :ile !y rev]e ! ,bible m ?an he does1 diff] f him 9 op9ion4 ,nev] w x be believ$ t a man ) su* ideas is ( ! ,academy ( ,m$als & ,inscriptions4 ,he is1 p]haps1 ( ! ,academy ( ,b$lam1 ! mo/ anci5t ( all1 & ^: colonies ext5d ?r\gh\t ! e>?4 ,,bilhah--,,ba/>ds ,bilhah1 s]vant to ,ra*el1 & ,zilpah1 s]vant to ,leah1 ea* bore ! patri>* ,jacob two *ildr51 &1 be x obs]v$1 t !y inh]it$ l legitimate sons1 z well z ! eight o!r male *ildr5 :om ,jacob _h by ! two si/]s ,leah & ,ra*el4 ,x is true t all _! inh]itance consi/$ 9 a bless+2 :]eas1 ,william ! ,ba/>d inh]it$ ,norm&y4 ,?i]ri1 a ba/>d ( ,clovis1 inh]it$ ! be/ "p ( ,gaul1 invad$ by 8 fa!r4 ,sev]al k+s ( ,spa9 & ,naples h be5 ba/>ds4 ,9 ,spa9 ba/>ds h always inh]it$4 ,k+ ,h5ry ( ,tran/am>e 0 n consid]$ z an illegitimate k+1 ?\gh he 0 an illegitimate *ild1 & ?is race ( ba/>ds1 f\nd$ 9 ! h\se ( ,au/ria1 reign$ 9 ,spa9 until ,philip ,v4 ,! l9e ( ,aragon1 :o reign$ 9 ,naples 9 ! "t ( ,l\is ,,xii41 7 ba/>ds4 ,c\nt de ,dunois sign$ himself ! ba/>d ( ,orleans1 & lett]s 7 long pres]v$ ( ! duke ( ,norm&y1 k+ ( ,engl&1 :i* 7 sign$ ,william ! ,ba/>d4 ,9 ,g]many x is o!rwise2 ! desc5t mu/ be pure2 ba/>ds nev] inh]it fiefs1 nor h any e/ate4 ,9 ,france1 z has long be5 ! case1 a k+'s ba/>d _c be a prie/ )\t a disp5sation f ,rome1 b he becomes a pr9ce )\t any difficulty z soon z ! k+ ackn[l$ges him to be ! (fspr+ ( 8 sire1 ev5 ?\gh he be ! ba/>d ( an adult]\s fa!r & "m4 ,x is ! same 9 ,spa94 ,! ba/>d ( a k+ ( ,engl& may be a duke b n a pr9ce4 ,jacob's ba/>ds 7 nei!r pr9ces nor dukes2 !y _h no l&s1 ! reason be+ t _! fa!r _h none1 b !y 7 aft]w>ds call$ patri>*s1 :i* may be r5d]$ ar*-fa!rs4 ,x has be5 ask$ :e!r ! ba/>ds ( ! popes might be popes 9 turn4 ,pope ,john ,,xi4 01 x is true1 a ba/>d ( ,pope ,s]gius ,,iii41 & ( ! fam\s ,m>ozia2 b an in/ance is n a law4 ,,bi%op4 ,samuel ,ornik1 a native ( ,basle1 01 z is well kn[n1 a v amiable "y man1 :o1 moreov]1 knew 8 ,g]man & ,greek ,new ,te/am5t by he>t4 ,at ! age ( tw5ty 8 p>5ts s5t him to travel4 ,he 0 commission$ to c>ry books to ! coadjutor at ,p>is 9 ! "t ( ! ,fronde4 ,he arriv$ at ! ar*bi%op's gate & 0 told by ! ,swiss t monseigneur saw no "o4 ,my de> fell[1 said ,ornik1 y are v rude to y\r c\ntrym52 ! apo/les all[$ e "o to approa*1 & ,jesus ,*ri/ desir$ t little *ildr5 %\ld come unto him4 ,i h no?+ to ask ( y\r ma/]2 on ! contr>y1 ,i br+ him some?+4 ,ent]1 !n1 said ! ,swiss4 ,he wait$ an h\r 9 ! fir/ ante-*amb]4 ,be+ q artless he attack$ ) que/ions a dome/ic :o 0 v fond ( tell+ all he knew ab\t 8 ma/]4 ,he mu/ be pretty ri*1 said ,ornik1 to h su* a sw>m ( pages & footm5 runn+ 9 & out ( ! h\se4 ,i don't "k1 answ]$ ! o!r1 :at 8 income is1 b ,i he> ,joli & ! ,abb ,*>i] say t he is two millions 9 debt4 ,b :o is t lady :o came out ( a cab9et & is pass+ by8 ,t is ,madame de ,pom]eu1 "o ( 8 mi/resses4 ,%e is really v pretty1 b ,i h n read t ! apo/les _h su* company 9 _! b$*amb]s 9 a morn+4 ,ah6 t1 ,i believe1 is monsieur1 ab\t to give audi5ce4 ,say sa gr&eur1 monseigneur4 ,well1 ) all my he>t4444 ,ornik salut$ sa gr&eur1 pres5t$ 8 books1 & 0 receiv$ ) a mo/ graci\s smile4 ,sa gr&eur said ?ree words to him1 & /epp$ into 8 c>riage1 escort$ by fifty horsem54 ,9 /epp+ 91 monseigneur dropp$ a %ea? & ,ornik 0 a/oni%$ t monseigneur %\ld c>ry s l>ge an inkhorn4 ,d y n see1 said ! talk]1 t x is 8 dagg]8 e "o t goes to p>liam5t we>s 8 dagg]8 ,ornik utt]$ an exclamation ( a/oni%m5t1 & dep>t$4 ,he w5t ?r\gh ,france & 0 edifi$ by t[n aft] t[n4 ,f !nce he pass$ into ,italy4 ,9 ! papal t]ritories he met a bi%op ) an income ( only a ?\s& cr[ns1 :o w5t on foot4 ,ornik1 be+ naturally k9d1 (f]$ him a place 9 8 cambiatura4 ,signor1 y are no d\bt go+ to com=t ! sick8 ,sir1 ,i am go+ to my ma/]4 ,y\r ma/]8 ,he1 no d\bt1 is ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,sir1 he is ,c>d9al ,azol9o2 ,i am 8 almon]4 ,he gives me a v poor sal>y1 b he has promis$ to place me ) ,donna ,olimpia1 ! favorite si/]-9-law ( no/ro signore4 ,:at6 are y 9 ! pay ( a c>d9al8 ,b d y n "k t !re 7 no c>d9als 9 ! "t ( ,jesus ,*ri/ & ,/4 ,john8 ,is x possible6 exclaim$ ! ,italian prelate4 ,no?+ is m true2 y h read x 9 ! ,gospel4 ,i h nev] read x1 repli$ ! bi%op2 ,i "k only ! (fice ( ,our ,lady4 ,i tell y !re 7 nei!r c>d9als nor bi%ops1 & :5 !re 7 bi%ops ! prie/s 7 almo/ _! equals1 z ,/4 ,j]ome1 9 sev]al places1 assures u4 ,holy ,virg9 said ! ,italian1 ,i knew no?+ ab\t x2 & :at ( ! popes8 ,!re 7 no popes ei!r4 ,! good bi%op cross$ himself1 ?9k+ he 0 ) ! evil "o1 & leap$ f ! side ( 8 companion4 ,,blasphemy4 ,?is is a ,greek ^w signify+ an attack on reputation4 ,we f9d blasphemia 9 ,demo/h5es4 ,9 ! ,greek ,*ur* x 0 us$ only to express an injury done to ,god4 ,! ,romans nev] made use ( ?is expression1 app>5tly n ?9k+ t ,god's honor c\ld be (f5d$ l t ( m54 ,!re sc>cely exi/s "o synonym4 ,blasphemy does n altoge!r convey ! idea ( sacrilege4 ,we say ( a man :o has tak5 ,god's "n 9 va91 :o1 9 ! viol5ce ( ang]1 has sworn--z x is express$--by ! "n ( ,god1 t he has blasphem$2 b we d n say t he has committ$ sacrilege4 ,! sacrilegi\s man is he :o p]jures himself on ! gospel1 :o ext5ds 8 rapacity to sacr$ ?+s1 :o imbrues 8 h&s 9 ! blood ( prie/s4 ,great sacrileges h always be5 puni%$ ) dea? 9 all nations1 especially ^? accompani$ by blood%$4 ,! au?or ( ! ,in/itutes au ,droit ,crim9el reckons among div9e high treasons 9 ! second degree1 ! non-obs]vance ( ,sundays & holidays4 ,he %\ld h said ! non-obs]vance att5d$ ) m>k$ contempt1 = simple neglig5ce is a s91 b n1 z he calls x1 a sacrilege4 ,x is absurd to class toge!r1 z ?is au?or does1 simony1 ! c>ry+ (f ( a nun1 & ! =gett+ to g to vesp]s on a holiday4 ,x is "o great in/ance ( ! errors committ$ by writ]s on jurisprud5ce1 :o1 n hav+ be5 call$ ^u to make laws1 take ^u !mselves to int]pret ^? ( ! /ate4 ,blasphemies utt]$ 9 intoxication1 9 ang]1 9 ! excess ( debau*]y1 or 9 ! heat ( ungu>d$ conv]sation h be5 subject$ by legislators to mu* light] p5alties4 ,= in/ance1 ! advocate :om we h already cit$ says t ! laws ( ,france condemn simple blasphem]s to a f9e = ! fir/ (f5ce1 :i* is d\bl$ = ! second1 tripl$ = ! ?ird1 & quadrupl$ = ! f\r? (f5ce2 = ! fif? relapse ! culprit is set 9 ! pillory1 = ! six? relapse he is pillori$1 & has 8 upp] lip burn$ (f ) a hot iron1 & = ! sev5? he loses 8 tongue4 ,he %\ld h add$ t ?is 0 an ord9ance ( ! ye> #afff4 ,puni%m5ts are almo/ always arbitr>y1 :i* is a great defect 9 jurisprud5ce4 ,b ?is defect op5s ! way = clem5cy & compassion1 & ?is compassion is no o!r ?an ! /ricte/ ju/ice1 = x w\ld be horrible to puni% a y\?ful indiscretion z poison]s & p>ricides are puni%$4 ,a s5t5ce ( dea? = an (f5ce :i* des]ves no?+ m ?an correction is no o!r ?an an assass9ation committ$ ) ! sword ( ju/ice4 ,is x n to ! purpose "h to rem>k t :at has be5 blasphemy 9 "o c\ntry has (t5 be5 piety 9 ano!r8 ,suppose a ,tyrian m]*ant l&$ at ! port ( ,canope3 he might be sc&aliz$ on see+ an onion1 a cat1 or a goat c>ri$ 9 procession2 he might speak indecor\sly ( ,i%e?1 ,o%ire?1 & ,hore?1 or might turn aside 8 head & n fall on 8 knees at ! sight ( a procession ) ! p>ts ( human g5]ation l>g] ?an life2 he might express 8 op9ion at supp]1 or ev5 s+ "s song 9 :i* ! ,tyrian sailors made a je/ ( ! ,egyptian absurdities4 ,he might be ov]he>d by ! maid ( ! inn1 ^: consci5ce w\ld n suff] h] to conceal s enorm\s a crime2 %e w\ld run & d5\nce ! (f5d] to ! ne>e/ %o5 t bore ! image ( ! tru? on 8 brea/1 & x is kn[n h[ ?is image ( tru? 0 made4 ,! tribunal ( ! %o5s1 or %otim1 w\ld condemn ! ,tyrian blasphem] to a dreadful dea?1 & confiscate 8 vessel4 ,yet ?is m]*ant might be consid]$ at ,tyre z "o ( ! mo/ pi\s p]sons 9 ,phnicia4 ,numa sees t 8 little horde ( ,romans is a ,collection ( ,lat9 freeboot]s :o /eal "r & left all !y c f9d--ox51 %eep1 f[ls1 & girls4 ,he tells !m t he has spok5 ) ! nymph ,eg]ia 9 a cav]n1 & t ! nymph has be5 employ$ by ,jupit] to give him laws4 ,! s5ators treat him at fir/ z a blasphem] & ?reat5 to ?r[ him headlong f ! ,t>peian rock4 ,numa makes himself a p[]ful p>ty2 he ga9s ov] "s s5iors :o g ) him into ,eg]ia's grotto4 ,%e talks to !m & conv]ts !m2 !y conv]t ! s5ate & ! p4 ,9 a little "t ,numa is no long] a blasphem]1 ! "n is giv5 only to su* z d\bt ! exi/5ce ( ! nymph4 ,9 our own times x is un=tunate t :at is blasphemy at ,rome1 at our ,lady ( ,loretto1 & )9 ! walls ( ,san ,g5n>o1 is piety 9 ,london1 ,am/]dam1 ,/ockholm1 ,b]l91 ,cop5hag51 ,b]ne1 ,basel1 & ,hamburg4 ,x is yet m un=tunate t ev5 9 ! same c\ntry1 9 ! same t[n1 9 ! same /reet1 p treat "o ano!r z blasphem]s4 ,nay1 ( ! t5 ?\s& ,jews liv+ at ,rome !re is n "o :o does n reg>d ! pope z ! *ief ( ! blasphem]s1 :ile ! hundr$ ?\s& ,*ri/ians :o inhabit ,rome1 9 place ( two millions ( ,jovians :o fill$ x 9 ,trajan's "t1 firmly believe t ! ,jews meet 9 _! synagogues on ,saturday = ! purpose ( blasphem+4 ,a ,cordeli] has no hesitation 9 apply+ ! epi!t ( blasphem] to a ,dom9ican :o says t ! ,holy ,virg9 0 born 9 orig9al s91 not)/&+ t ! ,dom9icans h a bull f ! pope :i* p]mits !m to tea* ! maculate conception 9 _! conv5ts1 & t1 besides ?is bull1 !y h 9 _! =um ! express decl>ation ( ,/4 ,?omas ,aqu9as4 ,! fir/ orig9 ( ! s*ism ( ?ree-f\r?s ( ,switz]l& & a "p ( ,l[] ,g]many 0 a qu>rel 9 ! ca!dral *ur* ( ,frank=t betwe5 a ,cordeli]1 ^: "n ,i =get1 & a ,dom9ican nam$ ,vig&4 ,bo? 7 drunk1 accord+ to ! cu/om ( t day4 ,! drunk5 ,cordeli]1 :o 0 prea*+1 ?ank$ ,god t he 0 n a ,jacob91 swe>+ t x 0 necess>y to ext]m9ate ! blasphem+ ,jacob9s :o believ$ t ! ,holy ,virg9 _h be5 born 9 mortal s91 & deliv]$ f s9 only by ! m]its ( h] son4 ,! drunk5 ,jacob9 cri$ out3 ,?\ ha/ li$2 ?\ ?yself art a blasphem]4 ,! ,cordeli] desc5d$ f ! pulpit ) a great iron crucifix 9 8 h&1 laid x ab\t 8 adv]s>y1 & left him almo/ dead on ! spot4 ,to rev5ge ?is outrage ! ,dom9icans work$ _m miracles 9 ,g]many & ,switz]l&2 ^! miracles 7 design$ to prove _! fai?4 ,!y at l5g? f\nd means to impr9t ! m>ks ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/ on "o ( _! lay bre?r5 nam$ ,jetz]4 ,?is op]ation 0 p]=m$ at ,b]ne by ! ,holy ,virg9 h]self1 b %e borr[$ ! h& ( ! sub-prior1 :o dress$ himself 9 female attire & put a glory r\nd 8 head4 ,! poor little lay bro!r1 expos$ all bloody to ! v5]ation ( ! p on ! alt> ( ! ,dom9icans at ,b]ne1 at la/ cri$ out murd]6 sacrilege6 ,! monks1 9 ord] to quiet him z quickly z possible adm9i/]$ to him a ho/ spr9kl$ ) corrosive sublimate1 b ! excess ( ! dose made him dis*>ge ! ho/ f 8 /oma*4 ,! monks !n accus$ him to ! bi%op ( ,lausanne ( horrible sacrilege4 ,! indignant p ( ,b]ne 9 _! turn accus$ ! monks1 & f\r ( !m 7 burn$ at ,b]ne on ! #ac? ( ,may1 #aeji1 at ! ,m>silly gate4 ,su* 0 ! t]m9ation ( ?is abom9able affair1 :i* det]m9$ ! p ( ,b]ne to *oose a religion1 bad inde$ 9 ,ca?olic eyes1 b :i* deliv]$ !m f ! ,cordeli]s & ! ,jacob9s4 ,! numb] ( simil> sacrileges is incr$ible4 ,su* are ! effects ( p>ty _s4 ,! ,jesuits ma9ta9$ = a hundr$ ye>s t ! ,jans5i/s 7 blasphem]s1 & prov$ x by a ?\s& lettres-de-ca*et2 ! ,jans5i/s by upw>ds ( f\r ?\s& volumes demon/rat$ t x 0 ! ,jesuits :o blasphem$4 ,! writ] ( ! ,gazettes ,ecclsia/iques pret5ds t all hone/ m5 blaspheme aga9/ him1 :ile he himself blasphemes f 8 g>ret on high aga9/ e hone/ man 9 ! k+dom4 ,! gazette-writ]'s publi%] blasphemes 9 return & compla9s t he is />v+4 ,he w\ld f9d x bett] to be hone/ & polite4 ,"o ?+ equally rem>kable & consol+ is t nev] 9 any c\ntry ( ! e>?1 among ! wilde/ idolat]s1 has any man be5 consid]$ z a blasphem] = ackn[l$g+ "o supreme1 et]nal1 & all-p[]ful ,god4 ,x c]ta9ly 0 n = hav+ ackn[l$g$ ?is tru? t ,socrates 0 condemn$ to ! hemlock1 = ! doctr9e ( a ,supreme ,god 0 ann\nc$ 9 all ! ,grecian my/]ies4 ,x 0 a faction t de/roy$ ,socrates2 he 0 accus$1 at a v5ture1 ( n recogniz+ ! second>y gods1 & on ?is po9t x 0 t he 0 accus$ z a blasphem]4 ,! fir/ ,*ri/ians 7 accus$ ( blasphemy = ! same reason1 b ! p>tisans ( ! anci5t religion ( ! empire1 ! ,jovians1 :o reproa*$ ! primitive ,*ri/ians ) blasphemy1 7 at l5g? condemn$ z blasphem]s !mselves1 "u ,!odosius ,,ii4 ,dryd5 says3 ,?is side to-day1 to-morr[ t'o!r burns1 ,& !y're all ,gods ,almighty 9 _! turns4 ,,body4 ,body & matt] are "h ! same ?+ al?\gh !re is h>dly any su* ?+ z synonym 9 ! mo/ rigor\s s5se ( ! ^w4 ,!re h be5 p]sons :o by ?is ^w body h und]/ood _s also4 ,!y h said _s orig9ally signifies brea?2 only a body c brea!1 !re=e body & _s may1 aft] all1 be ! same ?+4 ,9 ?is s5se ,la ,fonta9e said to ! celebrat$ ,duke de la ,ro*ef\cauld3 ,j'ent5s les esprits corps et ptris de matire4 ,9 ! same s5se he says to ,madame ,sablire3 ,je subtilis]ais un morceau de matire1 ,qu9tess5ce d'atome1 extrait de la lumire1 je ne sais quoiplus vif et plus subtil encor4444 ,no "o ?\ght ( h>ass+ good ,monsieur ,la ,fonta9e1 or br++ him to trial = 8 expressions4 ,7 a poor philosoph]1 or ev5 a poet1 to say z mu* n[adays1 h[ _m w\ld !re be to fall on him6 ,h[ _m scribbl]s to sell _! extracts = sixp5ce6 ,h[ _m knaves1 = ! sole purpose ( mak+ mis*ief1 to cry philosoph]6 p]ipatetic6 disciple ( ,gass5di6 pupil ( ,locke1 & ! primitive fa!rs6 damnable6 ,z we "k n :at a _s is1 s also we are ignorant ( :at a body is2 we see v>i\s prop]ties1 b :at is ! subject 9 :i* ^? prop]ties reside8 ,!re is no?+ b body1 said ,democritus & ,epicurus2 !re is no su* ?+ z body1 said ! disciples ( ,z5o1 ( ,elia4 ,b]keley1 bi%op ( ,cloyne1 is ! la/ :o1 by a hundr$ capti\s sophisms1 has pret5d$ to prove t bodies d n exi/4 ,!y h1 says he1 nei!r color1 nor smell1 nor heat2 all ^! modalities are 9 y\r s5sations1 n 9 ! objects4 ,he might h sp>$ himself ! tr\ble ( prov+ ?is tru? = x 0 already suffici5tly kn[n4 ,b !nce he pass$ to ext5t & solidity1 :i* are ess5tial to body1 & ?9ks he proves t !re is no ext5t 9 a piece ( gre5 clo? because ! clo? is n 9 reality gre51 ! s5sation ( gre5 be+ 9 ourselves only1 !re=e ! s5sation ( ext5t is likewise 9 ourselves only4 ,hav+ ?us de/roy$ ext5t he concludes t solidity1 :i* is atta*$ to x1 falls ( itself1 & !re=e t !re is no?+ 9 ! _w b our ideas4 ,s t1 accord+ to ?is doctor1 t5 ?\s& m5 kill$ by t5 ?\s& cannon %ots are 9 reality no?+ m ?an t5 ?\s& appreh5sions ( our und]/&+1 & :5 a female becomes pregnant x is only "o idea lodg$ 9 ano!r idea f :i* a ?ird idea w be produc$4 ,surely1 ! bi%op ( ,cloyne might h sav$ himself f fall+ into ?is excessive absurdity4 ,he ?9ks he %[s t !re is no ext5t because a body has appe>$ to him f\r times z l>ge ?r\gh a glass z to 8 nak$ eye1 & f\r times z small ?r\gh ano!r glass4 ,h5ce he concludes1 t1 s9ce a body _c be at ! same "t f\r feet1 sixte5 feet1 & b "o foot 9 ext5t1 !re is no ext5t1 !re=e !re is no?+4 ,he _h only to take any measure & say3 ( :atev] ext5t ?is body may appe> to me to be1 x ext5ds to s _m ( ^! measures4 ,we might v easily see t ext5t & solidity 7 q diff]5t f s\nd1 color1 ta/e1 smell4 ,x is q cle> t ^! are s5sations excit$ 9 u by ! configuration ( p>ts1 b ext5t is n a s5sation4 ,:5 ?is light$ coal goes out1 ,i am no long] w>m2 :5 ! air is no long] /ruck1 ,i cease to he>2 :5 ?is rose )]s1 ,i no long] smell x3 b ! coal1 ! air1 & ! rose h ext5t )\t me4 ,b]keley's p>adox is n wor? refut+4 ,?us argu$ ,z5o & ,p>m5ides ( old1 & v clev] !y 72 !y w\ld prove to y t a tortoise w5t along z swiftly z ,a*illes1 = !re 0 no su* ?+ z motion2 !y discuss$ a hundr$ o!r que/ions equally important4 ,mo/ ( ! ,greeks made philosophy a juggle1 & !y transmitt$ _! art to our s*oolm54 ,bayle himself 0 occasionally "o ( ! set & embroid]$ cobwebs l ! re/4 ,9 8 article1 ,z5o1 aga9/ ! divisible ext5t ( matt] & ! contiguity ( bodies he v5tures to say :at w\ld n be tol]at$ 9 any six-mon?s geometrician4 ,x is wor? kn[+ h[ ,b]keley 0 drawn into ?is p>adox4 ,a long :ile ago ,i _h "s conv]sation ) him1 & he told me t 8 op9ion orig9at$ 9 our be+ unable to conceive :at ! subject ( ?is ext5sion is1 & c]ta9ly1 9 8 book1 he triumphs :5 he asks ,hylas :at ?is subject1 ?is sub/ratum1 ?is sub/ance is8 ,x is ! ext5d$ body1 answ]s ,hylas4 ,!n ! bi%op1 "u ! "n ( ,philon\s1 laughs at him1 & poor ,hylas1 f9d+ t he has said t ext5sion is ! subject ( ext5sion1 & has !re=e talk$ nons5se1 rema9s q confus$1 ackn[l$ges t he und]/&s no?+ at all ( ! matt]2 t !re is no su* ?+ z body2 t ! natural _w does n exi/1 & t !re is none b an intellectual _w4 ,hylas %\ld only h said to ,philon\s3 ,we "k no?+ ( ! subject ( ?is ext5sion1 solidity1 divisibility1 mobility1 figure1 etc42 ,i "k no m ( x ?an ,i d ( ! subject ( ?\ght1 feel+1 & w1 b ! subject does n ! less exi/ = x has ess5tial prop]ties ( :i* x _c be depriv$4 ,we all resemble ! great] "p ( ! ,p>isian ladies :o live well )\t kn[+ :at is put 9 _! rag\ts2 j s d we enjoy bodies )\t kn[+ ( :at !y are compos$4 ,( :at does a body consi/8 ,( p>ts1 & ^! p>ts resolve !mselves into o!r p>ts4 ,:at are ^! la/ p>ts8 ,!y1 too1 are bodies2 y divide incessantly )\t mak+ any progress4 ,9 %ort1 a subtle philosoph]1 obs]v+ t a picture 0 made ( +r$i5ts ( :i* no s+le +r$i5t 0 a picture1 & a h\se ( mat]ials ( :i* no "o mat]ial 0 a h\se1 imag9$ t bodies are compos$ ( an inf9ity ( small ?+s :i* are n bodies1 & ^! are call$ monads4 ,?is sy/em is n )\t its m]its1 &1 7 x reveal$1 ,i %\ld ?9k x v possible4 ,^! little be+s w\ld be s _m ma!matical po9ts1 a sort ( s\ls1 wait+ only = a t5em5t3 "h w\ld be a cont9ual metempsy*osis4 ,?is sy/em is z good z ano!r2 ,i l x q z well z ! decl9ation ( atoms1 ! sub/antial =ms1 ! v]satile grace1 or ! vampires4 ,,books4 ,,section ,i4 ,y despise books2 y1 ^: lives are absorb$ 9 ! vanities ( ambition1 ! pursuit ( pleasure1 or 9 indol5ce1 b rememb] t all ! kn[n _w1 except+ only savage nations1 is gov]n$ by books4 ,all ,africa1 to ! limits ( ,e?iopia & ,nigritia obeys ! book ( ! ,koran aft] b[+ to ! book ( ! ,gospel4 ,*9a is rul$ by ! moral book ( ,confucius1 & a great "p ( ,india by ! ,v$a4 ,p]sia 0 gov]n$ = ages by ! books ( "o ( ! ,zoroa/]s4 ,9 a lawsuit or crim9al process1 y\r prop]ty1 y\r honor1 p]haps y\r life1 dep5ds on ! int]pretation ( a book :i* y nev] read4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 ) books z ) m51 a v small numb] play a great "p1 ! re/ are conf\nd$ ) ! multitude4 ,by :om are mank9d l$ 9 all civiliz$ c\ntries8 ,by ^? :o c read & write4 ,y are acqua9t$ ) nei!r ,hippocrates1 nor ,bo]haave1 nor ,syd5ham1 b y place y\r body 9 ! h&s ( ^? :o c read !m4 ,y leave y\r s\l entirely to ! c>e ( ^? :o are paid = read+ ! ,bible1 al?\gh !re are n fifty ( !m :o h read x ?r\gh ) att5tion4 ,! _w is n[ s entirely gov]n$ by books t !y :o comm& 9 ! city ( ! ,scipios & ! ,catos h resolv$ t ! books ( _! law %all be = !mselves alone2 !y are _! sceptre1 :i* !y h made x high treason 9 _! subjects to t\* )\t an express p]mission4 ,9 o!r c\ntries x has be5 =bidd5 to ?9k 9 pr9t )\t lett]s-pat5t4 ,!re are nations 9 :i* ?\ght is consid]$ m]ely z an article ( comm]ce1 ! op]ations ( ! human und]/&+ be+ valu$ only at s mu* p] %eet4 ,if ! booksell] happ5s to desire a privilege = 8 m]*&ise :e!r he is sell+ ,rabelais1 or ! ,fa!rs ( ! ,*ur*1 ! magi/rate grants ! privilege )\t answ]+ = ! cont5ts ( ! book4 ,9 ano!r c\ntry ! lib]ty ( expla9+ y\rself by books is "o ( ! mo/ inviolable pr]ogatives4 ,!re y may pr9t :atev] y please1 on pa9 ( be+ tiresome1 & ( be+ puni%$ if y h too mu* abus$ y\r natural "r4 ,be=e ! admirable inv5tion ( pr9t+1 books 7 sc>c] & de>] ?an jewels4 ,!re 7 sc>cely any books 9 our b>b>\s nations1 ei!r be=e ,*>lemagne or aft] him1 until ! "t ( ,*>les ,v41 k+ ( ,france1 call$ ! ,wise1 & f ?is "t to ,francis ,i4 ! sc>city 0 extreme4 ,! ,arabs alone _h !m f ! eigh? to ! ?irte5? c5tury ( our era4 ,*9a 0 full ( !m :5 we c\ld nei!r read nor write4 ,copyi/s 7 mu* employ$ 9 ! ,roman ,empire f ! "t ( ! ,scipios until ! irruption ( ! b>b>ians4 ,?is 0 a v ungrateful employm5t4 ,! deal]s always paid au?ors & copyi/s v ill4 ,x requir$ two ye>s ( assidu\s labor = a copyi/ to transcribe ! :ole ,bible well on vellum1 & :at "t & tr\ble to copy correctly 9 ,greek & ,lat9 ! works ( ,orig51 ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria & all ! o!rs writ]s call$ ,fa!rs6 ,/4 ,hi]onymos1 or ,hi]onymus1 :om we call ,j]ome1 says1 9 "o ( 8 satirical lett]s aga9/ ,ruf9us t he has ru9$ himself ) buy+ ! works ( ,orig51 aga9/ :om he wrote ) s mu* bitt]ness & viol5ce4 ,yes1 says he1 ,i h read ,orig51 if x be a crime ,i confess t ,i am guilty & t ,i exhau/$ my purse 9 buy+ 8 works at ,alex&ria4 ,! ,*ri/ian societies ( ! ?ree fir/ c5turies _h fifty-f\r gospels1 ( :i*1 until ,diocletian's "t sc>cely two or ?ree copies f\nd _! way among ! ,romans ( ! old religion4 ,among ! ,*ri/ians x 0 an unp>donable crime to %[ ! gospels to ! ,g5tiles2 !y did n ev5 l5d !m to ! cate*um5s4 ,:5 ,lucian 7insult+ our religion ( :i* he knew v little7 relates t a troop ( begg>s took him up into a f\r? /ory :]e !y 7 invok+ ! ,fa!r ?r\gh ! ,son1 & =etell+ mis=tunes to ! emp]or & ! empire1 he does n say t !y %[$ him a s+le book4 ,no ,roman hi/orian1 no ,roman au?or :omsoev] makes m5tion ( ! gospels4 ,:5 a ,*ri/ian1 :o 0 un=tunately ra% & unwor?y ( 8 holy religion _h publicly torn 9 pieces & trampl$ "u foot an edict ( ! ,emp]or ,diocletian1 & _h ?us drawn d[n ^u ,*ri/ianity t p]secution :i* succe$$ ! greate/ tol]ation1 ! ,*ri/ians 7 !n oblig$ to give up _! gospels & writt5 au?ors to ! magi/rates1 :i* be=e !n _h nev] be5 done4 ,^? :o gave up _! books ?r\gh fe> ( imprisonm5t1 or ev5 ( dea?1 7 held by ! re/ ( ! ,*ri/ians to be sacrilegi\s apo/ates1 !y receiv$ ! surname ( traditores1 :5ce we h ! ^w traitor1 & sev]al bi%ops ass]t$ t !y %\ld be rebaptiz$1 :i* occasion$ a dreadful s*ism4 ,! poems ( ,hom] 7 long s little kn[n t ,pisi/ratus 0 ! fir/ :o put !m 9 ord] & _h !m transcrib$ at ,a!ns ab\t five hundr$ ye>s be=e ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,p]haps !re 0 n at ?is "t 9 all ! ,ea/ a doz5 copies ( ! ,v$a & ! ,z5d-,ave/a4 ,9 #agjj y w\ld n h f\nd a s+le book 9 all ,rome1 except+ ! missals & a few ,bibles 9 ! h&s ( papas drunk ) br&y4 ,! compla9t n[ is ( _! too great abundance4 ,b x is n = read]s to compla91 ! rem$y is 9 _! own h&s2 no?+ =ces !m to read4 ,nor = au?ors1 !y :o make ! multitude ( books h n to compla9 ( be+ press$4 ,not)/&+ ?is enorm\s quantity h[ few p read6 ,b if !y read1 & read ) advantage1 %\ld we h to witness ! deplorable infatuations to :i* ! vulg> are /ill e day a prey8 ,! reason t books are multipli$ 9 spite ( ! g5]al law t be+s %all n be multipli$ )\t necessity1 is t books are made f books4 ,a new hi/ory ( ,france or ,spa9 is manufactur$ f sev]al volumes already pr9t$1 )\t add+ any?+ new4 ,all diction>ies are made f diction>ies2 almo/ all new geographical books are made f o!r books ( geography2 ,/4 ,?omas's ,dream has br\ght =? two ?\s& l>ge volumes ( div9ity1 & ! same race ( little worms t h dev\r$ ! p>5t are n[ gnaw+ ! *ildr54 crive qui v\dra1 *acun a son mti] ,peut p]dre impunm5t de l'encre et du papi]4 ,write1 write away2 ea* writ] at 8 pleasure ,may squ&] ink & pap] )\t measure4 ,,section ,,ii4 ,x is sometimes v dang]\s to make a book4 ,silh\te1 be=e he c\ld suspect t he %\ld "o day be comptroll]-g5]al ( ! f9ances1 publi%$ a translation ( ,w>burton's ,alliance ( ,*ur* & ,/ate1 & 8 fa!r-9-law1 ,a/uce ! physician1 gave to ! public ! ,memoirs1 9 :i* ! au?or ( ! ,p5tateu* might h f\nd all ! a/oni%+ ?+s :i* happ5$ s long be=e 8 "t4 ,! v day t ,silh\te came into (fice1 "s good fri5d ( 8 s\ght out a copy ( ea* ( ^! books by ! fa!r-9-law & son-9-law1 9 ord] to d5\nce !m to ! p>liam5t & h !m condemn$ to ! flames1 accord+ to cu/om4 ,!y imm$iately b\ght up all ! copies 9 ! k+dom1 :5ce x is t !y are n[ extremely r>e4 ,!re is h>dly a s+le philosophical or !ological book 9 :i* h]esies & impieties may n be f\nd by mis9t]pret+1 or add+ to1 or subtract+ f1 ! s5se4 ,!odore ( ,mopsue/es v5tur$ to call ! ,canticle ( ,canticles1 a collection ( impurities4 ,grotius pulls x 9 pieces & repres5ts x z horrid1 & ,*atillon speaks ( x z a sc&al\s production4 ,p]haps x w h>dly be believ$ t ,dr4 ,tamponet "o day said to sev]al o!rs3 ,i w\ld engage to f9d a multitude ( h]esies 9 ! ,"l's ,pray] if ?is pray]1 :i* we "k to h come f ! ,div9e m\?1 7 n[ = ! fir/ "t publi%$ by a ,jesuit4 ,i w\ld proce$ ?us3 ,our ,fa!r1 :o art 9 heav5-- a proposition incl9+ to h]esy1 s9ce ,god is ev]y:]e4 ,nay1 we f9d 9 ?is expression ! leav5 ( ,soc9ianism1 = "h is no?+ at all said ( ! ,tr9ity4 ,?y k+dom come2 ?y w be done on e>? z x is 9 heav5-- ano!r proposition ta9t$ ) h]esy1 = x said aga9 & aga9 9 ! ,scriptures t ,god reigns et]nally4 ,moreov] x is v ra% to ask t ,8 w may be done1 s9ce no?+ is or c be done b by ! w ( ,god4 ,give u ?is day our daily bread--a proposition directly contr>y to :at ,jesus ,*ri/ utt]$ on ano!r occasion3 ,take no ?\ght1 say+ :at %all we eat8 or :at %all we dr9k8444 = aft] all ^! ?+s d ! ,g5tiles seek4444 ,b seek ye fir/ ! k+dom ( ,god & ,8 righte\sness1 & all ^! ?+s %all be add$ unto y4 ,& =give u our debts1 z we =give our debtors-- a ra% proposition1 :i* comp>es man to ,god1 de/roys gratuit\s pr$e/9ation1 & tea*es t ,god is b\nd to d to u z we d to o!rs4 ,besides1 h[ c ! au?or say t we =give our debtors8 ,we h nev] =giv5 !m a s+le cr[n4 ,no conv5t 9 ,europe ev] remitt$ to its f>m]s ! paym5t ( a s\4 ,to d>e to say ! contr>y is a =mal h]esy4 ,lead u n into temptation-- a proposition sc&al\s & manife/ly h]etical1 = !re is no tempt] b ! devil1 & x is expressly said 9 ,/4 ,james' ,epi/le3 ,god is no tempt] ( ! wick$2 ,he tempts no man4--,deus enim int5tator malorum e/2 ipse autem nem9em t5tat4 ,y see1 !n1 said ,doctor ,tamponet1 t !re is no?+1 ?\gh ev] s v5]able1 to :i* a bad s5se may n be giv54 ,:at book1 !n1 %all n be liable to human c5sure :5 ev5 ! ,"l's ,pray] may be attack$1 by giv+ a diabolical int]pretation to all ! div9e words t compose x8 ,z = me1 ,i tremble at ! ?\ght ( mak+ a book4 ,?ank ,god1 ,i h nev] publi%$ any?+2 ,i h n ev5--l bro!rs ,la ,rue1 ,du ,ceveau1 & ,fol>d--_h any ( my !atrical pieces play$1 x w\ld be too dang]\s4 ,if y publi%1 a p>i% curate accuses y ( h]esy2 a /upid collegian d5\nces y2 a fell[ t _c read condemns y2 ! public laugh at y2 y\r booksell] ab&ons y1 & y\r w9e m]*ant gives y no m cr$it4 ,i always add to my pat]no/]1 ,deliv] me1 ,o ,god1 f ! it* ( bookmak+4 ,o ye :o1 l myself1 lay black on :ite & make clean pap] dirty6 call to m9d ! foll[+ v]ses :i* ,i rememb] to h read1 & by :i* we %\ld h be5 correct$3 ,t\t ce fatras fat du *auvre en son temps1 ,l+e il dev9t p> l'art des tiss]&s2 ,puis en lambeaux des pilons le pressr5t ,il fut papi]4 ,c5t c]veaux l'env]s ,de visions l'envi le *>gr5t2 ,puis on le brle2 il vole dans les airs1 ,il e/ fume aussi bi5 que la gloire4 ,de nos travaux voil quelle e/ l'hi/oire1 ,t\t e/ fume1 et t\t n\s fait s5tir ,ce gr& nant qui doit n\s engl\tir4 ,?is miscellane\s rubbi% once 0 flax1 ,till made s(t l95 by ! hone/ weav]2 ,b :5 at l5g? x dropp$ f p's backs1 ',twas turn$ to pap]1 & became receiv] ,( all t fifty motley bra9s c\ld fa%ion2 ,s n[ 'tis burn$ )\t ! lea/ compassion2 ,x n[1 l glory1 t]m9ates 9 smoke2 ,?us all our toils are no?+ b a joke-- ,all ends 9 smoke2 ea* no?+ t we foll[ ,tells ( ! no?+ t mu/ all ?+s swall[4 ,,section ,,iii4 ,books are n[ multipli$ to su* a degree t x is impossible n only to read !m all b ev5 to "k _! numb] & _! titles4 ,happily1 "o is n oblig$ to read all t is publi%$1 & ,c>amuel's plan = writ+ a hundr$ folio volumes & employ+ ! spiritual & temporal p[] ( pr9ces to compel _! subjects to read !m1 has n be5 put 9 execution4 ,r+elburg1 too1 _h =m$ ! design ( compos+ ab\t a ?\s& diff]5t volumes1 b1 ev5 _h he liv$ long en\gh to publi% !m he w\ld h fall5 f> %ort ( ,h]mes ,trismegi/us1 :o1 accord+ to ,jamblicus1 compos$ ?irty-six ?\s& five hundr$ & tw5ty-five books4 ,suppos+ ! tru? ( ?is fact1 ! anci5ts _h no less reason ?an ! mod]ns to compla9 ( ! multitude ( books4 ,x is1 inde$1 g5]ally agre$ t a small numb] ( *oice books is suffici5t4 ,"s propose t we %\ld conf9e ourselves to ! ,bible or ,holy ,scriptures1 z ! ,turks limit !mselves to ! ,koran4 ,b !re is a great diff]5ce betwe5 ! feel+s ( rev]5ce ent]ta9$ by ! ,mahometans = _! ,koran & ^? ( ! ,*ri/ians = ! ,scriptures4 ,! v5]ation te/ifi$ by ! =m] :5 speak+ ( ! ,koran _c be exce$$4 ,x is1 say !y1 ! greate/ ( all miracles2 nor are all ! m5 9 exi/5ce put toge!r capable ( any?+ at all approa*+ x2 x is /ill m wond]ful t ! au?or _h nev] /udi$1 nor read any book4 ,! ,koran alone is wor? sixty ?\s& miracles 7! numb] ( its v]ses1 or !reab\ts72 "o ris+ f ! dead w\ld n be a /rong] pro( ( ! tru? ( a religion ?an ! composition ( ! ,koran4 ,x is s p]fect t x ought n to be reg>d$ z a "w ( creation4 ,! ,*ri/ians d inde$ say t _! ,scriptures 7 inspir$ by ! ,holy ,gho/1 yet n only is x ackn[l$g$ by ,c>d9al ,cajetan & ,bell>m9e t errors h f\nd _! way into !m ?r\gh ! neglig5ce & ignorance ( ! book-sell]s & ! rabbis1 :o add$ ! po9ts1 b !y are consid]$ z a book too dang]\s = ! h&s ( ! majority ( ! fai?ful4 ,?is is express$ by ! fif? rule ( ! ,index1 a congregation at ,rome1 ^: (fice x is to exam9e :at books are to be =bidd54 ,x is z foll[s3 ,s9ce x is evid5t t if ! read+ ( ! ,bible1 translat$ into ! vulg> tongue1 7 p]mitt$ to e "o indiscrim9ately ! tem]ity ( mank9d w\ld cause m evil ?an good to arise !refrom--we w t x be ref]r$ to ! judgm5t ( ! bi%op or inquisitor1 :o1 ) ! advice ( ! curate or confessor1 %all h p[] to grant p]mission to read ! ,bible r5d]$ 9 ! vulg> tongue by ,ca?olic writ]s1 to ^? to :om !y %all judge t su* read+ w d no h>m2 !y mu/ h ?is p]mission 9 writ+ & %all n be absolv$ until !y h return$ _! ,bible into ! h&s ( ! ord9>y4 ,z = su* book-sell]s z %all sell ,bibles 9 ! vulg> tongue to ^? :o h n ?is writt5 p]mission1 or 9 any o!r way put !m into _! h&s1 !y %all lose ! price ( ! books 7:i* ! bi%op %all employ = pi\s purposes71 & %all moreov] be puni%$ by arbitr>y p5alties4 ,nor %all regul>s read or buy ^! books )\t ! p]mission ( _! sup]iors4 ,c>d9al ,dup]ron also ass]t$ t ! ,scriptures1 9 ! h&s ( ! unle>n$1 7 a two-edg$ knife :i* might w\nd !m1 to avoid :i* x 0 bett] t !y %\ld he> !m f ! m\? ( ! ,*ur*1 ) ! solutions & int]pretations ( su* passages z appe> to ! s5ses to be full ( absurdity & contradiction1 ?an t !y %\ld read !m by !mselves )\t any solution or int]pretation4 ,he aft]w>ds made a long enum]ation ( ^! absurdities 9 t]ms s unqualifi$ t ,jurieu 0 n afraid to decl>e t he did n rememb] to h read any?+ s frightful or s sc&al\s 9 any ,*ri/ian au?or4 ,jurieu1 :o 0 s viol5t t 9 8 invectives aga9/ ,c>d9al ,dup]ron1 _h himself to su/a9 simil> reproa*es f ! ,ca?olics4 ,i he>d t m9i/]1 says ,pap1 9 speak+ ( him1 tea*+ ! public t all ! *>act]i/ics ( ! ,holy ,scriptures on :i* ^? pret5d$ re=m]s _h f\nd$ _! p]suasion ( _! div9ity1 did n appe> to him to be suffici5t4 ',let x n be inf]r$1' said ,jurieu1 't ,i wi% to take f ! light & /r5g? ( ! *>act]i/ics ( ,scripture1 b ,i w v5ture to affirm t !re is n "o ( !m :i* may n be elud$ by ! pr(ane4 ,!re is n "o ( !m t am\nts to a pro(2 n "o to :i* some?+ may n be said 9 answ]1 &1 consid]$ altoge!r1 al?\gh !y h great] p[] ?an sep>ately to "w a moral conviction--t is1 a pro( on :i* to f\nd a c]ta9ty exclud+ e d\bt--,i own t no?+ seems to me to be m oppos$ to reason ?an to say t ^! *>act]i/ics are ( !mselves capable ( produc+ su* a c]ta9ty4 ,x is n !n a/oni%+ t ! ,jews & ! fir/ ,*ri/ians1 :o1 we f9d 9 ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les1 conf9$ !mselves 9 _! meet+s to ! read+ ( ! ,bible1 71 z w be se5 9 ! article ,h]esy1 divid$ into diff]5t sects4 ,= ?is read+ 0 aft]w>ds sub/itut$ t ( v>i\s apocryphal works1 or at lea/ ( extracts f !m4 ,! au?or ( ! ,synopsis ( ,scripture1 :i* we f9d among ! works ( ,/4 ,a?anasius1 expressly av[s t !re are 9 ! apocryphal books ?+s mo/ true & inspir$ by ,god :i* h be5 select$ & extract$ = ! p]usal ( ! fai?ful4 ,,b\rges4 ,our que/ions h b little to d ) geography1 b we %all1 p]haps1 be p]mitt$ to express 9 a few words our a/oni%m5t respect+ ! t[n ( ,b\rges4 ,! ,trv\x ,diction>y ass]ts t x is "o ( ! mo/ anci5t 9 ,europe2 t x 0 ! seat ( empire ( ! ,gauls1 & gave laws to ! ,celts4 ,i w n combat ! antiquity ( any t[n or ( any family4 ,b 0 !re ev] an empire ( ,gaul8 _h ! ,celts k+s8 ,?is rage = antiquity is a malady :i* is n easily cur$4 ,9 ,gaul1 9 ,g]many1 & 9 ! ,nor? !re is no?+ anci5t b ! soil1 ! trees1 & ! animals4 ,if y w h antiquities g to ,asia1 & ev5 !re !y are h>dly to be f\nd4 ,man is anci5t1 b monum5ts are new2 ?is has already be5 said 9 m articles ?an "o4 ,if to be born )9 a c]ta9 /one or wood5 limit m anci5t ?an ano!r 7 a real good x w\ld be no m ?an reasonable to date ! f\ndation ( ! t[n f ! giants' w>1 b s9ce ?is vanity is 9 no wise advantage\s let x be r5\nc$4 ,?is is all ,i h to say ab\t ,b\rges4 ,,bra*mans--,,brahm9s4 ,c\rte\s read]1 obs]ve1 9 ! fir/ place1 t ,fa!r ,?omass91 "o ( ! mo/ le>n$ m5 ( mod]n ,europe1 d]ives ! ,bra*mans f ! ,jewi% ^w b>ac1 by a c--suppos+1 ( c\rse1 t ! ,jews _h a c4 ,?is b>ac1 says he1 signifi$ to fly2 & ! ,bra*mans fl$ f ! t[ns--suppos+ t !re 7 any t[ns4 ,or1 if y l x bett]1 ,bra*mans comes f b>ak by a k1 mean+ to bless or to pray4 ,b :y might n ! ,biscayans "n ! ,brahm9s f ! ^w bran8 :i* expresses--,i w n say :at4 ,!y _h z good a "r z ! ,hebrews4 ,really1 ?is is a /range sort ( erudition4 ,by reject+ x entirely1 we %\ld "k less1 b we %\ld "k x bett]4 ,is x n likely t ! ,brahm9s 7 ! fir/ legislators1 ! fir/ philosoph]s1 ! fir/ div9es1 ( ! e>?8 ,d n ! few rema9+ monum5ts ( anci5t hi/ory =m a great presumption 9 _! favor8 s9ce ! fir/ ,greek philosoph]s w5t to !m to le>n ma!matics2 & ! mo/ anci5t curiosities1 ^? collect$ by ! emp]ors ( ,*9a1 are all ,indian1 z is atte/$ by ! relations 9 ,du ,halde's collection4 ,( ! ,%a/ah1 we %all speak else:]e4 ,x is ! fir/ !ological book ( ! ,brahm9s1 writt5 ab\t fifte5 hundr$ ye>s be=e ! ,v$ah1 & ant]ior to all o!r books4 ,_! annals make no m5tion ( any w> und]tak5 by !m at any "t4 ,! words arms1 kill+1 maim+1 are to be f\nd nei!r 9 ! fragm5ts ( ! ,%a/ah t h rea*$ u1 nor 9 ! ,yajurv$ah1 nor 9 ! ,kormov$ah4 ,at lea/1 ,i c affirm t ,i h n se5 !m 9 ei!r ( ^! two latt] collections2 & x is mo/ s+ul> t ! ,%a/ah1 :i* speaks ( a conspiracy 9 heav51 makes no m5tion ( any w> 9 ! great p59sula betwe5 ! ,indus & ,ganges4 ,illu/ration3 ,india 0 unkn[n until aft] ,alex&]'s conque/s4 ,! ,hebrews1 :o 7 unkn[n until s late a p]iod1 nev] "n ! ,brahm9s2 !y knew no?+ ( ,india till aft] ,alex&]'s conque/s & _! own settl+ 9 t ,egypt ( :i* !y _h spok5 s ill4 ,! "n ( ,india is to be f\nd only 9 ! book ( ,e/h]1 & 9 t ( ,job1 :o 0 n a ,hebrew4 ,we f9d a s+ul> contra/ betwe5 ! sacr$ books ( ! ,hebrews & ^? ( ! ,indians4 ,! ,indian books ann\nce only peace & mildness2 !y =bid ! kill+ ( animals3 b ! ,hebrew books speak ( no?+ b ! slaught] & massacre ( m5 & bea/s2 all are but*]$ 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l2 x is q ano!r ord] ( ?+s4 ,we are inconte/ably indebt$ to ! ,brahm9s = ! idea ( ! fall ( cele/ial be+s revolt+ aga9/ ! ,sov]eign ( ,nature2 & x 0 probably f !m t ! ,greeks took ! fable ( ! ,titans2 & la/ly1 f !m x 0 t ! ,jews1 9 ! fir/ c5tury ( our era1 took ! idea ( ,lucif]'s revolt4 ,h[ c\ld ^! ,indians suppose a rebellion 9 heav5 )\t hav+ se5 "o on e>?8 ,su* a leap f ! human to ! div9e nature is difficult ( compreh5sion4 ,we usually /ep f :at is kn[n to :at is unkn[n4 ,a w> ( giants w\ld n be imag9$1 until "s m5 m robu/ ?an ! re/ _h be5 se5 to tyrannize ov] _! fell[-m54 ,to imag9e ! l 9 heav51 ! ,brahm9s mu/ ei!r h exp]i5c$ viol5t discords among !mselves1 or at lea/ h witness$ !m among _! neighbors4 ,be t z x may1 x is an a/oni%+ ph5om5on t a society ( m5 :o _h nev] made w> %\ld h inv5t$ a sort ( w> c>ri$ on 9 imag9>y space1 or 9 a globe di/ant f our own1 or 9 :at is call$ ! firmam5t--! empyrean4 ,b let x be c>efully obs]v$1 t 9 ?is revolt ( ! cele/ial be+s aga9/ _! ,sov]eign1 !re 7 no bl[s giv51 no cele/ial blood spill$1 no m\nta9s ?r[n at "o ano!r's heads1 no angels deft 9 twa91 z 9 ,milton's sublime & grotesque poem4 ,accord+ to ! ,%a/ah1 x 0 only a =mal disob$i5ce ( ! ord]s ( ! ,mo/ ,high1 :i* ,god puni%$ by relegat+ ! rebelli\s angels to a va/ place ( d>kness call$ ,ond]ah1 = ! t]m ( a :ole monon?\r4 ,a monon?\r is a hundr$ & tw5ty-six millions ( our ye>s4 ,b ,god v\*saf$ to p>don ! guilty at ! end ( five ?\s& ye>s1 & _! ,ond]ah 0 no?+ m ?an a purgatory4 ,he turn$ !m into ,mhurd1 or m51 & plac$ !m on our globe1 on condition t !y %\ld n eat animals1 nor cohabit ) ! males ( _! new species1 on pa9 ( return+ to ! ,ond]ah4 ,^! are ! pr9cipal articles ( ! ,brahm9 fai?1 :i* has endur$ )\t int]mission f "t immemorial to ! pres5t day4 ,?is is b a small "p ( ! anci5t cosmogony ( ! ,brahm9s4 ,_! rites1 _! pagods1 prove t among !m all 0 allegorical4 ,!y /ill repres5t ,virtue 9 ! =m ( a woman ) t5 arms1 combat+ t5 mortal s9s typifi$ by mon/]s4 ,our mission>ies 7 acute en\gh to take ?is image ( ,virtue = t ( ! devil1 & affirm t ! devil is wor%ipp$ 9 ,india4 ,we h nev] visit$ t p b to enri* ourselves & calumniate !m4 ,! ,metempsy*osis ( ! ,brahm9s4 ,! doctr9e ( ! metempsy*osis comes f an anci5t law ( fe$+ on c['s milk z well z on vegetables1 fruits1 & rice4 ,x seem$ horrible to ! ,brahm9s to kill & eat _! fe$]2 & !y _h soon ! same respect = goats1 %eep1 & all o!r animals3 !y believ$ !m to be animat$ by ! rebelli\s angels1 :o 7 complet+ _! purification 9 ! bodies ( bea/s z well z 9 ^? ( m54 ,! nature ( ! climate second$1 or r orig9at$ ?is law4 ,a burn+ atmosph]e creates a necessity = refre%+ food1 & inspires horror = our cu/om ( /[+ c>casses 9 our /oma*s4 ,! op9ion t bea/s h s\ls 0 g5]al ?r\gh\t ! ,ea/1 & we f9d ve/iges ( x 9 ! anci5t sacr$ writ+s4 ,9 ! book ( ,g5esis1 ,god =bids m5 to eat _! fle% ) _! blood & _! s\l4 ,su* is ! import ( ! ,hebrew text4 ,i w av5ge1 says he1 ! blood ( y\r s\ls on ! claws ( bea/s & ! h&s ( m54 ,9 ,leviticus he says1 ,! s\l ( ! fle% is 9 ! blood4 ,he does m2 he makes a solemn compact ) man & ) all animals1 :i* supposes an intellig5ce 9 ! latt]4 ,9 mu* lat] times1 ,ecclesia/icus =mally says1 ,god %[s t man is l to ! bea/s2 = m5 die l bea/s2 _! condition is equal2 z man dies1 s also dies ! bea/4 ,!y brea! alike4 ,!re is no?+ 9 man m ?an 9 ! bea/4 ,jonah1 :5 he w5t to prea* at ,n9eveh1 made bo? m5 & bea/s fa/4 ,all anci5t au?ors1 sacr$ books z well z pr(ane1 attribute k to ! bea/s2 & sev]al make !m speak4 ,x is n !n to be wond]$ at t ! ,brahm9s1 & aft] !m ! ,py?agoreans1 believ$ t s\ls pass$ successively into ! bodies ( bea/s & ( m52 consequ5tly !y p]suad$ !mselves1 or at lea/ !y said1 t ! s\ls ( ! guilty angels1 9 ord] to f9i% _! purgation1 belong$ sometimes to bea/s1 sometimes to m54 ,?is is a "p ( ! romance ( ! ,jesuit ,b\geant1 :o imag9$ t ! devils are spirits s5t into ! bodies ( animals4 ,?us1 9 our day1 & at ! extremity ( ! we/1 a ,jesuit unconsci\sly revives an article ( ! fai? ( ! mo/ anci5t ,ori5tal prie/s4 ,! ,self-burn+ ( ,m5 & ,wom5 among ! ,brahm9s4 ,! ,brahm9s ( ! pres5t day1 :o d all t ! anci5t ,brahm9s did1 h1 we "k1 reta9$ ?is horrible cu/om4 ,:5ce is x t1 among a p :o h nev] %$ ! blood ( m5 or ( animals1 ! f9e/ act ( devotion is a public self-burn+8 ,sup]/ition1 ! great unit] ( contr>ies1 is ! only s\rce ( ^! frightful sacrifices1 ! cu/om ( :i* is mu* m anci5t ?an ! laws ( any kn[n p4 ,! ,brahm9s ass]t t _! great prophet ,brahma1 ! son ( ,god1 desc5d$ among m51 & _h sey]al wives2 & t aft] 8 dea?1 ! wife :o lov$ him ! mo/ burn$ h]self on 8 fun]al pile1 t %e might jo9 him 9 heav54 ,did ?is woman really burn h]self1 z x is said t ,portia1 ! wife ( ,brutus1 swall[$ burn+ coals1 9 ord] to be reunit$ to h] husb&8 or is ?is a fable inv5t$ by ! prie/s8 ,0 !re a ,brahma1 :o really gave himself out z a prophet & son ( ,god8 ,x is likely t !re 0 a ,brahma1 z !re aft]w>ds 7 a ,zoroa/] & a ,bac*us4 ,fable seiz$ ^u _! hi/ory1 z %e has ev]y:]e con/antly done4 ,no soon] does ! wife ( ! son ( ,god burn h]self1 ?an ladies ( mean] condition mu/ burn !mselves likewise4 ,b h[ are !y to f9d _! husb&s aga91 :o are become horses1 elephants1 hawks1 etc48 ,h[ are !y to di/+ui% ! precise bea/1 :i* ! defunct animates8 h[ recognize him & be /ill 8 wife8 ,?is difficulty does n 9 ! lea/ emb>rass ! ,h9doo !ologians2 !y easily f9d a di/+uo--a solution 9 s5su composito--9 s5su diviso4 ,! metempsy*osis is only = common p2 = o!r s\ls !y h a sublim] doctr9e4 ,^! s\ls1 be+ ^? ( ! once rebel angels1 g ab\t purify+ !mselves2 ^? ( ! wom5 :o immolate !mselves are beatifi$1 & f9d _! husb&s ready-purifi$4 ,9 %ort1 ! prie/s are "r1 & ! wom5 burn !mselves4 ,?is dreadful fanaticism has exi/$ = m ?an f\r ?\s& ye>s1 among/ a mild p1 :o w\ld fe> to kill a gras%opp]4 ,! prie/s _c =ce a wid[ to burn h]self2 = ! inv>iable law is1 t ! self-devotion mu/ be absolutely volunt>y4 ,! longe/ m>ri$ ( ! wives ( ! deceas$ has ! fir/ refusal ( ! honor ( m\nt+ ! fun]al-pile2 if %e is n incl9$1 ! second pres5ts h]self2 & s ( ! re/4 ,x is said1 t on "o occasion sev5te5 burn$ !mselves at once on ! pile ( a rajah3 b ^! sacrifices are n[ v r>e2 ! fai? has become weak] s9ce ! ,mahometans h gov]n$ a great "p ( ! c\ntry1 & ! ,europeans trad$ ) ! re/4 ,/ill1 !re is sc>cely a gov]nor ( ,madras or ,pondi*]ry :o has n se5 "s ,indian woman volunt>ily p]i% 9 ! flames4 ,mr4 ,holwell relates t a "y wid[ ( n9ete51 ( s+ul> beauty1 & ! "m ( ?ree *ildr51 burn$ h]self 9 ! pres5ce ( ,mrs4 ,russell1 wife ( ! admiral !n 9 ! ,madras roads4 ,%e resi/$ ! te>s & ! pray]s ( all pres5t2 ,mrs4 ,russell conjur$ h]1 9 ! "n ( h] *ildr51 n to leave !m orphans4 ,! ,indian woman answ]$1 ,god1 :o has giv5 !m bir?1 w take c>e ( !m4 ,%e !n arrang$ ev]y?+ h]self1 set fire to ! pile ) h] own h&1 & consummat$ h] sacrifice ) z mu* s]5ity z "o ( our nuns lights ! tap]s4 ,mr4 ,*>nock1 an ,engli% m]*ant1 "o day see+ "o ( ^! a/oni%+ victims1 "y & lovely1 on h] way to ! fun]al-pile1 dragg$ h] away by =ce :5 %e 0 ab\t to set fire to x1 &1 ) ! assi/ance ( "s ( 8 c\ntrym51 c>ri$ h] (6 & m>ri$ h]4 ,! p reg>d$ ?is act z ! mo/ horrible sacrilege4 ,:y d husb&s nev] burn !mselves1 t !y may jo9 _! wives8 ,:y has a sex1 naturally weak & timid1 always _h ?is frantic resolution8 ,is x because tradition does n say t a man ev] m>ri$ a daught] ( ,brahma1 :ile x does affirm t an ,indian woman 0 m>ri$ to a son ( t div9ity8 ,is x because wom5 are m sup]/iti\s ?an m58 ,or is x because _! imag9ations are weak]1 m t5d]1 & m easily gov]n$8 ,! anci5t ,brahm9s sometimes burn$ !mselves to prev5t ! pa9s & ! languor ( old age2 b1 above all1 to make !mselves admir$4 ,calanus w\ld n1 p]haps1 h plac$ himself on ! pile1 b = ! purpose ( be+ gaz$ at by ,alex&]4 ,! ,*ri/ian r5egade ,p]egr9us burn$ himself 9 public1 = ! same reason t a madman goes ab\t ! /reets dress$ l an ,arm5ian1 to attract ! notice ( ! populace4 ,is !re n also an un=tunate mixture ( vanity 9 ?is t]rible sacrifice ( ! ,indian wom58 ,p]haps1 if a law 7 pass$ t ! burn+ %\ld take place 9 ! pres5ce ( "o wait+ woman only1 ?is abom9able cu/om w\ld be =ev] de/roy$4 ,"o ^w m3 ,a few hundr$s ( ,indian wom51 at mo/1 h furni%$ ?is horrid spectacle2 b our inquisitions1 our atroci\s madm5 call+ !mselves judges1 h put to dea? 9 ! flames m ?an a hundr$ ?\s& ( our bre?r5--m51 wom51 & *ildr5--= ?+s :i* no "o has und]/ood4 ,let u pity & condemn ! ,brahm9s2 b let u n =get our mis]able selves6 ,truly1 we h =gott5 "o v ess5tial po9t 9 ?is %ort article on ! ,brahm9s1 :i* is1 t _! sacr$ books are full ( contradictions2 b ! p "k no?+ ( !m1 & ! doctors h solutions ready--s5ses figur$ & figurative1 allegories1 types1 express decl>ations ( ,birma1 ,brahma1 & ,vi%nu1 suffici5t to %ut ! m\? ( any reason]4 ,,bread-,,tree4 ,! bread-tree gr[s 9 ! ,philipp9e isl&s1 & pr9cipally 9 ^? ( ,guam & ,t9ian1 z ! cocoa-tree gr[s 9 ! ,indies4 ,^! two trees1 alone1 if !y c\ld be multipli$ 9 our climate1 w\ld furni% food & dr9k suffici5t = all mank9d4 ,! bread-tree is tall] & m bulky ?an our common apple-trees2 its leaves are black1 its fruit is yell[1 & equal 9 dim5sions to ! l>ge/ apple4 ,! r9d is h>d2 & ! cuticle is a sort ( s(t1 :ite pa/e1 :i* has ! ta/e ( ! be/ ,fr5* rolls2 b x mu/ be eat5 fre%1 z x keeps only tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 aft] :i* x becomes dry1 s\r & disagreeable2 b1 z a comp5sation1 ! trees are load$ ) !m eight mon?s ( ! ye>4 ,! natives ( ! isl&s h no o!r food2 !y are all tall1 /\t1 well made1 suffici5tly fle%y1 & 9 ! vigor\s heal? :i* is necess>ily produc$ by ! use ( "o :olesome alim5t alone3 & x is to negroes t nature has made ?is pres5t4 ,corn is assur$ly n ! food ( ! great] "p ( ! _w4 ,maize & cassava are ! food ( all ,am]ica4 ,we h :ole prov9ces 9 :i* ! peasants eat none b *e/nut bread1 :i* is m n\ri%+ & ( bett] flavor ?an ! rye or b>ley bread on :i* s _m fe$1 & is mu* bett] ?an ! rations giv5 to ! soldi]s4 ,bread is unkn[n 9 all s\!rn ,africa4 ,! imm5se ,indian ,ar*ipelago1 ,siam1 ,laos1 ,pegu1 ,co*9-,*9a1 ,tonqu91 "p ( ,*9a1 ! ,malab> & ,corom&el coa/s1 & ! banks ( ! ,ganges1 produce rice1 :i* is easi] ( cultivation1 & = :i* :eat is neglect$4 ,corn is absolutely unkn[n = ! space ( five hundr$ leagues on ! coa/ ( ! ,icy ,sea4 ,! mission>ies h sometimes be5 9 great tribulation1 9 c\ntries :]e nei!r bread nor w9e is to be f\nd4 ,! inhabitants told !m by int]pret]s3 ,y w\ld baptize u ) a few drops ( wat]1 9 a burn+ climate1 :]e we are oblig$ to plunge e day into ! riv]s2 y w\ld confess u1 yet y und]/& n our language2 y w\ld h u communicate1 yet y want ! two necess>y +r$i5ts1 bread & w9e4 ,x is !re=e evid5t t y\r univ]sal religion _c h be5 made = u4 ,! mission>ies repli$1 v ju/ly1 t good w is ! "o ?+ ne$ful2 t !y %\ld be plung$ into ! wat] )\t any scruple2 t bread & w9e %\ld be br\ght f ,goa2 & t1 z = ! language1 ! mission>ies w\ld le>n x 9 a few ye>s4 ,,buffoon]y--,,burlesque--,,l[ ,,com$y4 ,he 0 a v subtle s*oolman1 :o fir/ said t we owe ! orig9 ( ! ^w buffoon to a little ,a!nian sacrific] call$ ,bupho1 :o1 be+ tir$ ( 8 employm5t1 abscond$1 & nev] return$4 ,! ,areopagus1 z !y c\ld n puni% ! prie/1 proce$$ aga9/ 8 hat*et4 ,?is f>ce1 :i* 0 play$ e ye> 9 ! temple ( ,jupit]1 is said to h be5 call$ buffoon]y4 ,?is /ory is n entitl$ to mu* cr$it ,buffoon 0 n a prop] "n2 b\phonos signifies an immolator ( ox54 ,! ,greeks nev] call$ any je/ b\phonia4 ,?is c]emony1 frivol\s z x appe>s1 might h an orig9 wise & humane1 wor?y ( true ,a!nians4 ,once a ye>1 ! subalt]n sacrific]1 or m prop]ly ! holy but*]1 :5 on ! po9t ( immolat+ an ox1 fl$ z if /ruck ) horror1 to put m5 9 m9d t 9 wis] & happi] times only fl[]s & fruits 7 (f]$ to ! gods1 & t ! b>b>ity ( immolat+ innoc5t & useful animals 0 n introduc$ until !re 7 prie/s desir\s ( fatt5+ on _! blood & liv+ at ! exp5se ( ! p4 ,9 ?is idea !re is no buffoon]y4 ,?is ^w buffoon has long be5 receiv$ among ! ,italians & ! ,spani>ds1 signify+ mimus1 scurra1 joculator--a mimic1 a je/]1 a play] ( tricks4 ,mnage1 aft] ,salmasius1 d]ives x f bocca infiata--a bloat$ face2 & x is true t a r\nd face & swoll5 *eeks are requisite 9 a buffoon4 ,! ,italians say bufo magro--a meagre buffoon1 to express a poor je/] :o _c make y laugh4 ,buffoon & buffoon]y app]ta9 to l[ com$y1 to m\ntebank+1 to all t c amuse ! populace4 ,9 ?is x 0--to ! %ame ( ! human m9d be x spok5--t trag$y _h its beg9n+3 ,!spis 0 a buffoon be=e ,sophocles 0 a great man4 ,9 ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies1 ! ,spani% & ,engli% trag$ies 7 all degrad$ by disgu/+ buffoon]ies4 ,! c\rts 7 /ill m disgrac$ by buffoons ?an ! /age4 ,s /rong 0 ! ru/ ( b>b>ism1 t m5 _h no ta/e = m ref9$ pleasures4 ,boileau says ( ,molire3 ,c'e/ p>-l que ,molire1 illu/rant ses crits1 ,peut-tre de son art et emport le prix1 ,si1 mo9s ami du peuple en ses doctes pe9tures1 ,il n'et fait quelquefois1 grimac] ses figures1 ,quitt p\r le b\ffon l'agrable et f91 ,et sans honte ,t]5ce alli ,tab>94 ,dans ce sac ridicule o ,scap9 s'enveloppe1 ,je ne reconnais plus l'auteur du ,misan?rope4 ,molire 9 comic g5ius _h excell$1 ,& might1 p]haps1 h /ood unp>allel$1 ,_h he 8 fai?ful portraits ne'er all[$ ,to gape & gr9 to gratify ! cr[d2 ,des]t+ wit = l[ grimace & je/1 ,& %[+ ,t]5ce 9 a motley ve/4 ,:o 9 ! sack1 :]e ,scap9 plays ! fool1 ,w f9d ! g5ius ( ! comic s*ool8 ,b x mu/ be consid]$ t ,raphael condesc5d$ to pa9t grotesque figures4 ,molire w\ld n h desc5d$ s l[1 if all 8 spectators _h be5 su* m5 z ,l\is ,,xiv41 ,cond1 ,tur5ne1 ,la ,ro*ef\cauld1 ,montausi]1 ,beauvilli]s1 & su* wom5 z ,montespan & ,?ianges2 b he _h also to please ! :ole p ( ,p>is1 :o 7 yet q unpoli%$4 ,! citiz5 lik$ broad f>ce1 & he paid = x4 ,sc>ron's ,jodelets 7 all ! rage4 ,we are oblig$ to place ourselves on ! level ( our age1 be=e we c rise above x2 &1 aft] all1 we l to laugh n[ & !n4 ,:at is ,hom]'s ,battle ( ! ,frogs & ,mice1 b a piece ( buffoon]y--a burlesque poem8 ,works ( ?is k9d give no reputation1 b !y may take f t :i* we already enjoy4 ,buffoon]y is n always 9 ! burlesque /yle1 ,! ,physician 9 ,spite ( ,himself1 & ! ,rogu]ies ( ,scap91 are n 9 ! /yle ( ,sc>ron's ,jodelets4 ,molire does n1 l ,sc>ron1 g 9 se>* ( slang t]ms2 8 l[e/ *>act]s d n play ! m\ntebank4 ,buffoon]y is 9 ! ?+1 n 9 ! expression4 ,boileau's ,lutr9 0 at fir/ call$ a burlesque poem1 b x 0 ! subject t 0 burlesque2 ! /yle 0 pleas+ & ref9$1 & sometimes ev5 h]oic4 ,! ,italians _h ano!r k9d ( burlesque1 mu* sup]ior to ours--t ( ,aret91 ( ,ar*bi%op ,la ,caza1 ( ,b]ni1 ,mauro1 & ,dolce4 ,x (t5 sacrifices decorum to pleasantry1 b obsc5e words are :olly bani%$ f x4 ,! subject ( ,ar*bi%op ,la ,caza's ,capitolo del ,=no is1 inde$1 t :i* s5ds ! ,desfonta9es to ! ,bictre1 & ! ,des*auf\rs to ! ,place de ,grve3 b !re is n "o ^w (f5sive to ! e> ( *a/ity2 y h to div9e ! mean+4 ,?ree or f\r ,engli%m5 h excell$ 9 ?is way3 ,butl]1 9 8 ,hudibras1 :i* 0 ! civil w> excit$ by ! ,puritans turn$ into ridicule2 ,dr4 ,g>?1 9 8 ,disp5s>y2 ,prior1 9 8 ,alma1 9 :i* he v pleasantly makes a je/ ( 8 subject & ,phillips1 9 8 ,spl5did ,%ill+4 ,butl] is z mu* above ,sc>ron z a man accu/om$ to good company is above a s+] at a pot-h\se4 ,! h]o ( ,hudibras 0 a real p]sonage1 "o ,sir ,samuel ,luke1 :o _h be5 a capta9 9 ! armies ( ,fairfax & ,cromwell4 ,see ! comm5cem5t ( ! poem1 9 ! article ,prior1 ,butl]1 & ,swift4 ,g>?'s poem on ! physicians & apo!c>ies is n s mu* 9 ! burlesque /yle z ,boileau's ,lutr93 x has m imag9ation1 v>iety1 & naivete ?an ! ,lutr92 &1 :i* is r a/oni%+1 x displays pr(\nd erudition1 embelli%$ ) all ! graces ( ref9em5t4 ,x beg9s ?us3 ,speak1 ,goddess1 s9ce 'tis ?\ t be/ can/ tell ,h[ anci5t leagues to mod]n discord fell2 ,& :y physicians 7 s cauti\s gr[n ,( o!rs' lives1 & lavi% ( _! own4 ,prior1 :om we h se5 a pl5ipot5ti>y 9 ,france be=e ! ,peace ( ,utre*t1 assum$ ! (fice ( m$iator betwe5 ! philosoph]s :o dispute ab\t ! s\l4 ,?is poem is 9 ! /yle ( ,hudibras1 call$ dogg]el rhyme1 :i* is ! /ilo ,b]niesco ( ! ,italians4 ,! great fir/ "q is1 :e!r ! s\l is all 9 all1 or is lodg$ beh9d ! nose & eyes 9 a corn] :i* x nev] quits4 ,accord+ to ! latt] sy/em1 ,prior comp>es x to ! pope1 :o con/antly rema9s at ,rome1 :5ce he s5ds 8 nuncios & spies to le>n all t is do+ 9 ,*ri/5dom4 ,prior1 aft] mak+ a je/ ( sev]al sy/ems1 proposes 8 own4 ,he rem>ks t ! two-legg$ animal1 new-born1 ?r[s its feet ab\t z mu* z possible1 :5 its nurse is s /upid z to swaddle x3 !nce he judges t ! s\l ent]s x by ! feet2 t ab\t fifte5 x rea*es ! middle2 !n x asc5ds to ! he>t2 !n to ! head1 :i* x quits altoge!r :5 ! animal ceases to live4 ,at ! end ( ?is s+ul> poem1 full ( +5i\s v]sification1 & ( ideas alike subtle & pleas+1 we f9d ?is *>m+ l9e ( ,font5elle3 ,il e/ des ho*ets p\r t\t ge4 ,prior begs ( =tune to ,give u play-?+s = old age4 ,yet x is q c]ta9 t ,font5elle did n take ?is l9e f ,prior1 nor ,prior f ,font5elle4 ,prior's "w is tw5ty ye>s ant]ior1 & ,font5elle did n und]/& ,engli%4 ,! poem t]m9ates ) ?is conclusion3 ,= ,plato's fancies :at c>e ,i8 ,i hope y w\ld n h me die ,l simple ,cato 9 ! play1 ,= any?+ t he c say3 ,e'en let him ( ideas speak ,to hea!ns1 9 8 native ,greek4 ,if to be sad is to be wise1 ,i d mo/ he>tily despise ,:atev] ,socrates has said1 ,or ,tully writ1 or ,wanley read4 ,de> ,drift1 to set our matt]s "r1 ,remove ^! pap]s f my sight2 ,burn ,mat's ,desc>tes & ,ari/otle-- ,"h1 ,jona?an1--y\r ma/]'s bottle4 ,9 all ^! poems1 let u di/+ui% ! pleasant1 ! lively1 ! natural1 ! famili>--f ! grotesque1 ! f>cical1 ! l[1 &1 above all1 ! /iff & =c$4 ,^! v>i\s %ades are discrim9at$ by ! connoisseurs1 :o alone1 9 ! end1 decide ! fate ( e "w4 ,la ,fonta9e w\ld sometimes desc5d to ! burlesque /yle--,phdrus nev]2 b ! latt] has n ! grace & unaffect$ s(tness ( ,la ,fonta9e1 ?\gh he has great] precision & purity4 ,,bulg>ians4 ,^! p 7 orig9ally ,huns1 :o settl$ ne> ! ,volga2 & ,volg>ians 0 easily *ang$ into ,bulg>ians4 ,ab\t ! end ( ! sev5? c5tury1 !y1 l all ! o!r nations inhabit+ ,s>matia1 made irruptions t[>ds ! ,danube1 & inundat$ ! ,roman ,empire4 ,!y pass$ ?r\gh ,moldavia & ,walla*ia1 :i!r _! old fell[-c\ntrym51 ! ,russians1 c>ri$ _! victori\s arms 9 #agfi1 "u ! ,empress ,ca!r9e ,,ii4 ,hav+ cross$ ! ,danube1 !y settl$ 9 "p ( ,dacia & ,moesia1 giv+ _! "n to ! c\ntries :i* are /ill call$ ,bulg>ia4 ,_! dom9ion ext5d$ to ,m\nt ,hmus & ! ,eux9e ,sea4 ,9 ,*>lemagne's "t1 ! ,emp]or ,nicephorus1 successor to ,ir5e1 0 s imprud5t z to m>* aga9/ !m aft] be+ vanqui%$ by ! ,s>ac5s2 & he 0 9 l mann] defeat$ by ! ,bulg>ians4 ,_! k+1 nam$ ,krom1 cut (f 8 head1 & made use ( 8 skull z a dr9k+-cup at 8 table1 accord+ to ! cu/om ( t p 9 common ) all ! nor!rn nations4 ,x is relat$ t1 9 ! n9? c5tury1 "o ,bogoris1 :o 0 mak+ w> ^u ! ,pr9cess ,!odora1 "m & gu>dian to ! ,emp]or ,mi*ael1 0 s *>m$ ) t empress's noble answ] to 8 decl>ation ( w>1 t he turn$ ,*ri/ian4 ,! ,bulg>ians1 :o 7 less complaisant1 revolt$ aga9/ him2 b ,bogoris1 hav+ %[n !m a crucifix1 !y all imm$iately receiv$ baptism4 ,s say ! ,greek writ]s ( ! l[] empire1 & s say our compil]s aft] !m3 ,et voil ju/em5t comme on crit l'hi/oire4 ,!odora1 say !y1 0 a v religi\s pr9cess1 ev5 pass+ h] latt] ye>s 9 a conv5t4 ,su* 0 h] love = ! ,greek ,ca?olic religion t %e put to dea? 9 v>i\s ways a hundr$ ?\s& m5 accus$ ( ,mani*ism--?is be+1 says ! mode/ cont9uator ( ,e*>d1 ! mo/ impi\s1 ! mo/ dete/able1 ! mo/ dang]\s1 ! mo/ abom9able ( all h]esies1 = ecclesia/ical c5sures 7 weapons ( no avail aga9/ m5 :o ackn[l$g$ n ! *ur*4 ,x is said t ! ,bulg>ians1 see+ t all ! ,mani*ans suff]$ dea?1 imm$iately conceiv$ an incl9ation = _! religion1 & ?\ght x ! be/1 s9ce x 0 ! mo/ p]secut$ "o3 b ?is1 = ,bulg>ians1 w\ld be extraord9>ily acute4 ,at t "t1 ! great s*ism broke out m viol5tly ?an ev] betwe5 ! ,greek *ur*1 "u ! ,patri>* ,photius1 & ! ,lat9 *ur*1 "u ,pope ,ni*olas ,i4 ,! ,bulg>ians took "p ) ! ,greek *ur*2 & f t "t1 probably1 x 0 t !y 7 treat$ 9 ! we/ z h]etics1 ) ! addition ( t f9e epi!t1 :i* has clung to !m to ! pres5t day4 ,9 #hga1 ! ,emp]or ,basil s5t !m a prea*]1 nam$ ,pet] ( ,sicily1 to save !m f ! h]esy ( ,mani*ism2 & x is add$1 t !y no soon] he>d him ?an !y turn$ ,mani*ans4 ,x is n v surpris+ t ! ,bulg>ians1 :o drank out ( ! skulls ( _! enemies1 7 n extraord9>y !ologians any m ?an ,pet] ( ,sicily4 ,x is s+ul> t ^! b>b>ians1 :o c\ld nei!r write nor read1 %\ld h be5 reg>d$ z v kn[+ h]etics1 ) :om x 0 dang]\s to dispute4 ,!y c]ta9ly _h o!r ?+s to ?9k ( ?an controv]sy1 s9ce !y c>ri$ on a sangu9>y w> aga9/ ! emp]ors ( ,con/ant9ople = f\r successive c5turies1 & ev5 besieg$ ! capital ( ! empire4 ,at ! comm5cem5t ( ! ?irte5? c5tury1 ! ,emp]or ,alexis1 wi%+ to make himself recogniz$ by ! ,bulg>ians1 _! k+1 ,joannic1 repli$1 t he w\ld nev] be 8 vassal4 ,pope ,innoc5t ,,iii4 0 c>eful to seize ?is opportunity ( atta*+ ! k+dom ( ,bulg>ia to himself3 he s5t a legate to ,joannic1 to ano9t him k+2 & pret5d$ t he _h conf]r$ ! k+dom ^u him1 & t he c\ld nev] m hold x b f ! holy see4 ,?is 0 ! mo/ viol5t p]iod ( ! crusades4 ,! indignant ,bulg>ians ent]$ into an alliance ) ! ,turks1 decl>$ w> aga9/ ! pope & 8 crusad]s1 took ! pret5d$ ,emp]or ,baldw9 prison]1 _h 8 head cut (f1 & made a b[l ( 8 skull1 aft] ! mann] ( ,krom4 ,?is 0 q en\gh to make ! ,bulg>ians abhorr$ by all ,europe4 ,x 0 no long] necess>y to call !m ,mani*ans1 a "n :i* 0 at t "t giv5 to e class ( h]etics3 = ,mani*an1 ,pat>91 & ,vaudois 7 ! same ?+4 ,^! t]ms 7 lavi%$ ^u :osoev] w\ld n submit to ! ,roman *ur*4 ,,bull4 ,a quadrup$1 arm$ ) horns1 hav+ clov5 feet1 /rong legs1 a sl[ pace1 a ?ick body1 a h>d sk91 a tail n q s long z t ( ! horse1 ) "s long hairs at ! end4 ,its blood has be5 look$ ^u z a poison1 b x is no m s ?an t ( o!r animals2 & ! anci5ts1 :o wrote t ,!mi/ocles & o!rs poison$ !mselves ) bull's blood1 7 false bo? to nature & to hi/ory4 ,lucian1 :o reproa*es ,jupit] ) hav+ plac$ ! bull's horns above 8 eyes1 reproa*es him unju/ly2 = ! eye ( a bull be+ l>ge1 r\nd1 & op51 he sees v well :]e he /rikes2 & if 8 eyes _h be5 plac$ high] ?an 8 horns1 he c\ld n h se5 ! grass :i* he crops4 ,phal>is's bull1 or ! ,braz5 ,bull1 0 a bull ( ca/ metal1 f\nd 9 ,sicily1 & suppos$ to h be5 us$ by ,phal>is to enclose & burn su* z he *ose to puni%--a v unlikely species ( cruelty4 ,! bulls ( ,m$ea gu>d$ ! ,gold5 ,fleece4 ,! bull ( ,m>a?on 0 tam$ by ,h]cules4 ,!n !re 7 ! bull :i* c>ri$ (f ,europa1 ! bull ( ,mi?ras1 & ! bull ( ,osiris2 !re are ! ,bull1 a sign ( ! zodiac1 & ! ,bull's ,eye1 a /> ( ! fir/ magnitude1 & la/ly1 !re are bull-fights1 common 9 ,spa94 ,,bull 7,,papal74 ,?is ^w designates ! bull1 or seal ( gold1 silv]1 wax1 or lead1 atta*$ to any in/rum5t or *>t]4 ,! lead hang+ to ! rescripts despat*$ 9 ! ,roman c\rt be>s on "o side ! head ( ,/4 ,pet] on ! "r1 & t ( ,/4 ,paul on ! left2 &1 on ! rev]se1 ! "n ( ! reign+ pope1 ) ! ye> ( 8 pontificate4 ,! bull is writt5 on p>*m5t4 ,9 ! greet+1 ! pope takes no title b t ( ,s]vant ( ! ,s]vants ( ,god1 accord+ to ! holy words ( ,jesus to ,8 ,disciples--,:osoev] w be *ief among y1 let him be y\r s]vant4 ,"s h]etics ass]t t1 by ?is =mula1 humble 9 appe>ance1 ! popes mean to express a sort ( feudal sy/em1 ( :i* ,god is *ief2 ^: high vassals1 ,pet] & ,paul1 are repres5t$ by _! s]vant ! pontiff2 :ile ! less] vassals are all secul> pr9ces1 :e!r emp]ors1 k+s1 or dukes4 ,!y d\btless f\nd ?is ass]tion on ! fam\s bull ,9 cna ,dom9i1 :i* is publicly read at ,rome by a c>d9al-deacon e ye>1 on ,holy ,?ursday1 9 ! pres5ce ( ! pope1 att5d$ by ! re/ ( ! c>d9als & bi%ops4 ,aft] ! c]emony1 8 hol9ess ca/s a light$ tor* into ! public squ>e 9 tok5 ( ana!ma4 ,?is bull is1 to be f\nd 9 ,tome i41 p4 #gad ( ! ,bullaire1 publi%$ at ,lyons 9 #afgc1 & at page #aah ( ! edition ( #agbg4 ,! olde/ is dat$ #aecf4 ,paul ,,iii41 )\t notic+ ! orig9 ( ! c]emony1 "h says t x is an anci5t cu/om ( ! sov]eign pontiffs to publi% ?is excommunication on ,holy ,?ursday1 9 ord] to pres]ve ! purity ( ! ,*ri/ian religion1 & ma9ta9 union among ! fai?ful4 ,x conta9s tw5ty-f\r p>agraphs1 9 :i* ! pope excommunicates3 #a4 ,h]etics1 all :o favor !m1 & all :o read _! books4 #b4 ,pirates1 especially su* z d>e to cruise on ! seas belong+ to ! sov]eign pontiff4 #c4 ,^? :o impose fre% tolls on _! l&s4 #aj4 ,^? :o1 9 any way :atsoev]1 prev5t ! execution ( ! apo/olical lett]s1 :e!r !y grant p>dons or inflict p5alties4 #aa4 ,all lay judges :o judge ecclesia/ics1 & br+ !m be=e _! tribunal1 :e!r t tribunal is call$ an audi5ce1 a *anc]y1 a c\ncil1 or a p>liam5t4 #ab4 ,all *ancellors1 c\nsellors1 ord9>y or extraord9>y1 ( any k+ or pr9ce :atsoev]1 all presid5ts ( *anc]ies1 c\ncils1 or p>liam5ts1 z also all attorneys-g5]al1 :o call ecclesia/ical causes be=e !m1 or prev5t ! execution ( ! apo/olical lett]s1 ev5 ?\gh x be on pretext ( prev5t+ "s viol5ce4 ,9 ! same p>agraph1 ! pope res]ves to himself alone ! p[] ( absolv+ ! said *ancellors1 c\nsellors1 attorneys-g5]al1 & ! re/ ( ! excommunicat$2 :o _c receive absolution until !y h publicly revok$ _! acts1 & h eras$ !m f ! records4 #bj4 ,la/ly1 ! pope excommunicates all su* z %all presume to give absolution to ! excommunicat$ z a=esaid3 &1 9 ord] t no "o may plead ignorance1 he ord]s3 #ba4 ,t ?is bull be publi%$1 & po/$ on ! gate ( ! basilic ( ! ,pr9ce ( ! ,apo/les1 & on t ( ,/4 ,john ( ,lat]an4 #bb4 ,t all patri>*s1 primates1 ar*bi%ops1 & bi%ops1 by virtue ( _! holy ob$i5ce1 %all h ?is bull solemnly publi%$ at lea/ once a ye>4 #bd4 ,he decl>es t :osoev] d>es to g aga9/ ! provisions ( ?is bull1 mu/ "k t he is incurr+ ! displeasure ( ,almighty ,god & ( ! bless$ apo/les ,pet] & ,paul4 ,! o!r subsequ5t bulls1 call$ also ,9 cna ,dom9i1 are only duplicates ( ! fir/4 ,= in/ance1 ! article #ba ( t ( ,pius ,v41 dat$ #aefg1 adds to ! p>agraph #c ( ! "o t we h quot$1 t all pr9ces :o lay new impositions on _! /ates1 ( :at nature soev]1 or increase ! old ones1 )\t obta9+ p]mission f ! ,holy ,see1 are excommunicat$ ipso facto4 ,! ?ird bull ,9 cna ,dom9i ( #afaj1 conta9s ?irty p>agraphs1 9 :i* ,paul ,v4 r5ews ! provisions ( ! two prec$+4 ,! f\r? & la/ bull ,9 cna ,dom9i :i* we f9d 9 ! ,bullaire1 is dat$ ,april #a1 #afgb4 ,9 x ,urban ,,viii4 ann\nces t1 aft] ! example ( 8 pr$ecessors1 9 ord] inviolably to ma9ta9 ! integrity ( ! fai?1 & public ju/ice & tranquillity1 he wields ! spiritual sword ( ecclesia/ical discipl9e to excommunicate1 on ! day :i* is ! anniv]s>y ( ! ,supp] ( our ,"l3 #a4 ,h]etics4 #b4 ,su* z appeal f ! pope to a future c\ncil2 & ! re/ z 9 ! ?ree =m]4 ,x is said t ! "o :i* is read n[1 is ( a m rec5t date1 & conta9s "s additions4 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,naples1 by ,giannone1 %[s u :at disord]s ! ecclesia/ics /irr$ up 9 t k+dom1 & :at vexations !y ex]cis$ aga9/ ! k+'s subjects1 ev5 refus+ !m absolution & ! sacram5ts1 9 ord] to effect ! reception ( ?is bull1 :i* has at la/ be5 solemnly proscrib$ !re1 z well z 9 ,au/rian ,lomb>dy1 9 ! /ates ( ! empress-que51 9 ^? ( ! ,duke ( ,p>ma1 & else:]e4 ,9 #aehj1 ! ,fr5* cl]gy *ose ! "t betwe5 ! sessions ( ! p>liam5t ( ,p>is1 to h ! same bull ,9 cna ,dom9i publi%$4 ,b x 0 oppos$ by ! procureur-g5]al2 & ! ,*ambre des ,vacations1 "u ! presid5cy ( ! celebrat$ & un=tunate ,brisson1 on ,octob] #d1 pass$ a decree1 enjo9+ all gov]nors to in=m !mselves1 if possible1 :at ar*bi%ops1 bi%ops1 or gr&-vic>s1 _h receiv$ ei!r ?is bull or a copy ( x entitl$ ,litt] processus1 & :o _h s5t x to !m to be publi%$2 to prev5t ! publication1 if x _h n yet tak5 place2 to obta9 ! copies & s5d !m to ! *amb]2 or1 if !y _h be5 publi%$1 to summon ! ar*bi%ops1 ! bi%ops1 or _! gr&-vic>s1 to appe> on a c]ta9 day be=e ! *amb]1 to answ] to ! suit ( ! procureur-g5]al2 &1 9 ! meantime1 to seize _! temporal possessions & place !m 9 ! h&s ( ! k+2 to =bid all p]sons ob/ruct+ ! execution ( ?is decree1 on pa9 ( puni%m5t z traitors & enemies to ! /ate2 ) ord]s t ! decree be pr9t$ & t ! copies1 collat$ by not>ies1 h ! full =ce ( ! orig9al4 ,9 do+ ?is1 ! p>liam5t did b feebly imitate ,philip ! ,fair4 ,! bull ,ausculta ,fili1 ( ,dec4 #e1 #acja1 0 address$ to him by ,boniface ,,viii41 :o1 aft] exhort+ ! k+ to li/5 ) docility1 says to him3 ,god has e/abli%$ u ov] all k+s & all k+doms1 to root up1 & de/roy1 & ?r[ d[n1 to build1 & to plant1 9 ,8 "n & by ,8 doctr9e4 ,d n1 !n1 suff] y\rself to be p]suad$ t y h no sup]ior1 & t y are n subject to ! head ( ! ecclesia/ical hi]>*y4 ,:osoev] ?9ks ?is1 is a madman2 & :osoev] ob/9ately ma9ta9s x1 is an infidel1 sep>at$ f ! flock ( ! ,good ,%eph]d4 ,! pope !n ent]s into long details respect+ ! gov]nm5t ( ,france1 ev5 reproa*+ ! k+ = hav+ alt]$ ! co94 ,philip ! ,fair _h ?is bull burn$ at ,p>is1 & its execution publi%$ on s\nd ( trumpet ?r\gh\t ! city1 by ,sunday1 ,feb4 #aa1 #acjb4 ,! pope1 9 a c\ncil :i* he held at ,rome ! same ye>1 made a great noise1 & broke out into ?reats aga9/ ,philip ! ,fair2 b he did no m ?an ?reat54 ,! fam\s decretal1 ,unam ,sanctam is1 h[ev]1 consid]$ z ! "w ( 8 c\ncil2 x is1 9 sub/ance1 z foll[s3 ,we believe & confess a holy1 ca?olic1 & apo/olic *ur*1 out ( :i* !re is no salvation2 we also ackn[l$ge its unity1 t x is "o only body1 ) "o only head1 & n ) two1 l a mon/]4 ,?is only head is ,jesus ,*ri/1 & ,/4 ,pet] 8 vic>1 & ! successor ( ,/4 ,pet]4 ,!re=e1 ! ,greeks1 or o!rs1 :o say t !y are n subject to t successor1 mu/ ackn[l$ge t !y are n ( ! flock ( ,*ri/1 s9ce ,he himself has said 7,john1 x1 #af7 't !re is b "o fold & "o %eph]d4' ,we le>n t 9 ?is *ur*1 & "u its p[]1 are two swords1 ! spiritual & ! temporal3 ( ^!1 "o is to be us$ by ! *ur* & by ! h& ( ! pontiff2 ! o!r1 by ! *ur* & by ! h& ( k+s & w>riors1 9 pursuance ( ! ord]s or ) ! p]mission ( ! pontiff4 ,n[1 "o ( ^! swords mu/ be subject to ! o!r1 temporal to spiritual p[]2 o!rwise1 !y w\ld n be ord9ate1 & ! apo/les say !y mu/ be s4 7,rom4 xiii1 #a47 ,accord+ to ! te/imony ( tru?1 spiritual p[] mu/ in/itute & judge temporal p[]2 & ?us is v]ifi$ ) reg>d to ! *ur*1 ! prophecy ( ,j]emiah 7i4 #aj73 ',i h ?is day set !e ov] ! nations & ov] ! k+doms4' ,on ! o!r h&1 ,philip ! ,fair assembl$ ! /ates-g5]al2 & ! commons1 9 ! petition :i* !y pres5t$ to t mon>*1 said1 9 s _m words3 ,x is a great abom9ation = u to he> t ?is ,boniface /\tly int]prets l a ,b\lg>e 7dropp+ ! l & ! a7 ^! words ( spirituality 7,matt41 xvi4 #ai73 ',:atev] ?\ %alt b9d on e>?1 %all be b\nd 9 heav52' if ?is signifi$ t if a man be put into a temporal prison1 ,god w imprison him 9 heav54 ,clem5t ,v41 successor to ,boniface ,,viii41 revok$ & annull$ ! odi\s decision ( ! bull ,unam ,sanctam1 :i* ext5ds ! p[] ( ! popes to ! temporalities ( k+s1 & condemns z h]etics all :o d n ackn[l$ge ?is *im]ical p[]4 ,boniface's pret5sion1 inde$1 ought to be condemn$ z h]esy1 accord+ to ?is maxim ( !ologians3 ,n only is x a s9 aga9/ ! rules ( ! fai?1 & a h]esy1 to d5y :at ! fai? tea*es u1 b also to set up z "p ( ! fai? t :i* is no "p ( x4 7,joan4 ,maj4 m4 #c s5t4 di/4 #cg4 q4 #bf47 ,o!r popes1 be=e ,boniface ,,viii41 _h arrogat$ to !mselves ! "r ( prop]ty ov] diff]5t k+doms4 ,! bull is well kn[n1 9 :i* ,gregory ,,vii4 says to ! ,k+ ( ,spa93 ,i w\ld h y to "k1 t ! k+dom ( ,spa91 by anci5t ecclesia/ical ord9ances1 0 giv5 9 prop]ty to ,/4 ,pet] & ! holy ,roman *ur*4 ,h5ry ,,ii4 ( ,engl& ask$ p]mission ( ,pope ,adrian ,,iv4 to invade ,irel&4 ,! pontiff gave him leave1 on condition t he impos$ on e ,iri% family a tax ( "o c>olus = ! ,holy ,see1 & held t k+dom z a fief ( ! ,roman *ur*4 ,=1 wrote ,adrian1 x _c be d\bt$ t e isl& ^u :i* ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! sun ( ju/ice1 has aris51 & :i* has receiv$ ! lessons ( ! ,*ri/ian fai?1 belongs ( "r to ,/4 ,pet] & to ! holy & sacr$ ,roman *ur*4 ,bulls ( ! ,crusade & ( ,composition4 ,if an ,african or an ,asiatic ( s5se 7 told t 9 t "p ( ,europe :]e "s m5 h =bidd5 o!rs to eat fle% on ,saturdays1 ! pope gives !m leave to eat x1 by a bull1 = ! sum ( two rials1 & t ano!r bull grants p]mission to keep /ol5 money1 :at w\ld ?is ,african or ,asiatic say8 ,he w\ld1 at lea/1 agree ) u1 t e c\ntry has its cu/oms2 & t 9 ?is _w1 by :atev] names ?+s may be call$1 or h[ev] !y may be disguis$1 all is done = money4 ,!re are two bulls "u ! "n ( ,la ,cruzada--! ,crusade2 "o ( ! "t ( ,f]d9& & ,isabella1 ! o!r ( t ( ,philip ,v4 ,! fir/ ( ^! sells p]mission to eat :at is call$ ! grossura1 viz41 tripes1 liv]s1 kidneys1 gizz>ds1 sweet-breads1 lights1 plucks1 cauls1 heads1 necks1 & feet4 ,! second bull1 grant$ by ,pope ,urban ,,viii41 gives leave to eat meat ?r\gh\t ,l5t1 & absolves f e crime except h]esy4 ,n only are ^! bulls sold1 b p are ord]$ to buy !m2 &1 z is b "r1 !y co/ m 9 ,p]u & ,mexico ?an 9 ,spa92 !y are !re sold = a pia/re4 ,x is reasonable t ! c\ntries :i* produce gold & silv] %\ld pay m ?an o!rs4 ,! pretext = ^! bulls is1 mak+ w> ^u ! ,moors4 ,!re are p]sons1 difficult ( conviction1 :o _c see :at liv]s & kidneys h to d ) a w> aga9/ ! ,africans2 & !y add1 t ,jesus ,*ri/ nev] ord]$ w> to be made on ! ,mahometans on pa9 ( excommunication4 ,! bull giv+ p]mission to keep ano!r's goods is gall$ ! bull ( ,composition4 ,x is f>m$2 & has long br\ght consid]able sums ?r\gh\t ,spa91 ! ,milanese1 ,naples1 & ,sicily4 ,! highe/ bidd]s employ ! mo/ eloqu5t ( ! monks to prea* ?is bull4 ,s9n]s :o h robb$ ! k+1 ! /ate1 or private individuals1 g to ^! prea*]s1 confess to !m1 & %[ !m :at a sad ?+ x w\ld be to make re/itution ( ! :ole4 ,!y (f] ! monks five1 six1 & sometimes sev5 p] c5t41 9 ord] to keep ! re/ ) a safe consci5ce2 &1 z soon z ! composition is made1 !y receive absolution4 ,! prea*+ bro!r :o wrote ! ,travels ?r\gh ,spa9 & ,italy 7,voyage d',espagne et d',italie71 publi%$ at ,p>is1 avec privilge by ,jean-,bapti/e de l'pime1 speak+ ( ?is bull1 ?us expresses himself3 ,is x n v graci\s to come (f at s little co/1 & be at lib]ty to /eal m1 :5 "o has occasion = a l>g] sum8 ,bull ,unig5itus4 ,! bull ,9 cna ,dom9i 0 an indignity (f]$ to all ,ca?olic sov]eigns1 & !y at l5g? proscrib$ x 9 _! /ates2 b ! bull ,unig5itus 0 a tr\ble to ,france alone4 ,! =m] attack$ ! rights ( ! pr9ces & magi/rates ( ,europe1 & !y ma9ta9$ ^? rights2 ! latt] proscrib$ only "s maxims ( piety & morals1 :i* gave no conc]n to any except ! p>ties int]e/$ 9 ! transi5t affair2 b ^! int]e/$ p>ties soon fill$ all ,france4 ,x 0 at fir/ a qu>rel betwe5 ! all-p[]ful ,jesuits & ! rema9s ( ! cru%$ ,port-,royal4 ,quesnel1 a prea*] ( ! ,oratory1 refugee 9 ,holl&1 _h d$icat$ a comm5t>y on ! ,new ,te/am5t to ,c>d9al de ,noailles1 !n bi%op ( ,*lons-sur-,m>ne4 ,x met ! bi%op's approbation & 0 well receiv$ by all read]s ( t sort ( books4 ,"o ,letelli]1 a ,jesuit1 a confessor to ,l\is ,,xiv4 & an enemy to ,c>d9al de ,noailles1 resolv$ to mortify him by hav+ ! book1 :i* 0 d$icat$ to him1 & ( :i* he _h a v high op9ion1 condemn$ at ,rome4 ,?is ,jesuit1 ! son ( an attorney at ,vire 9 ,l[] ,norm&y1 _h all t f]tility ( exp$i5t = :i* 8 fa!r's pr(ession is rem>kable4 ,n cont5t ) embroil+ ,c>d9al de ,noailles ) ! pope1 he det]m9$ to h him disgrac$ by ! k+ 8 ma/]4 ,to ensure ! success ( ?is design1 he _h m&am5ts compos$ aga9/ him by 8 emiss>ies1 & got !m sign$ by f\r bi%ops2 he also indit$ lett]s to ! k+1 :i* he made !m sign4 ,^! manuvres1 :i* w\ld h be5 puni%$ 9 any ( ! tribunals1 succe$$ at c\rt3 ! k+ 0 s\r$ aga9/ ! c>d9al1 & ,madame de ,ma9t5on ab&on$ him4 ,"h 0 a s]ies ( intrigues1 9 :i*1 f "o end ( ! k+dom to ! o!r1 e "o took a "p4 ,! m un=tunate ,france at t "t became 9 a disa/r\s w>1 ! m ! public m9d 0 heat$ by a !ological qu>rel4 ,dur+ ^! movem5ts1 ,letelli] _h ! condemnation ( ,quesnel's book1 ( :i* ! mon>* _h nev] read a page1 dem&$ f ,rome by ,l\is ,,xiv4 himself4 ,letelli] & two o!r ,jesuits1 nam$ ,d\c9 & ,lallemant1 extract$ "o hundr$ & ?ree propositions1 :i* ,pope ,clem5t ,,xi4 0 to condemn4 ,! c\rt ( ,rome /ruck out two ( !m1 t x might1 at lea/1 h ! honor ( appe>+ to judge = itself4 ,c>d9al ,fabroni1 9 ^: h&s ! affair 0 plac$1 & :o 0 devot$ to ! ,jesuits1 _h ! bull drawn up by a ,cordeli] nam$ ,fa!r ,pal]no1 ,elio a ,capu*91 ,t]rovi a ,b>nabite1 & ,ca/elli a ,s]vite1 to :om 0 add$ a ,jesuit nam$ ,alf>o4 ,clem5t ,,xi4 let !m proce$ 9 _! own way4 ,8 only object 0 to please ! k+ ( ,france1 :o _h long be5 displeas$ ) him1 on acc\nt ( 8 recogniz+ ! ,ar*duke ,*>les1 aft]w>ds emp]or1 z ,k+ ( ,spa94 ,to make 8 peace ) ! k+1 x co/ him only a piece ( p>*m5t seal$ ) lead1 conc]n+ a "q :i* he himself despis$4 ,clem5t ,,xi4 did n wait to be solicit$2 he s5t ! bull1 & 0 q a/oni%$ to le>n t x 0 receiv$ ?r\gh\t ,france ) hisses & groans4 ,:at6 said he to ,c>d9al ,c>pegno1 a bull is e>ne/ly ask$ ( me2 ,i give x freely1 & e "o makes a je/ ( x6 ,e "o 0 inde$ surpris$ to see a pope1 9 ! "n ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 condemn+ z h]etical1 ta9t$ ) h]esy1 & (f5sive to pi\s e>s1 ?is proposition3 ,x is good to read books ( piety on ,sundays1 especially ! ,holy ,scriptures2 & ?is3 ,! fe> ( an unju/ excommunication %\ld n prev5t u f do+ our duty4 ,! p>tisans ( ! ,jesuits 7 !mselves al>m$ at ^! c5sures1 b !y d>$ n speak4 ,! wise & dis9t]e/$ exclaim$ aga9/ ! sc&al1 & ! re/ ( ! nation aga9/ ! absurdity4 ,nev]!less1 ,letelli] /ill triumph$1 until ! dea? ( ,l\is ,,xiv42 he 0 held 9 abhorr5ce1 b he gov]n$4 ,?is wret* tri$ e means to procure ! susp5sion ( ,c>d9al de ,noailles2 b aft] ! dea? ( 8 p5it5t1 ! inc5di>y 0 bani%$4 ,! duke ( ,orleans1 dur+ 8 reg5cy1 ext+ui%$ ^! qu>rels by mak+ a je/ ( !m4 ,!y h s9ce ?r[n out a few sp>ks2 b !y are at la/ =gott51 probably =ev]4 ,_! duration1 = m ?an half a c5tury1 0 q long en\gh4 ,yet1 happy inde$ w\ld mank9d be1 if !y 7 divid$ only by fooli% que/ions unproductive ( blood%$6 ,c,,s>4 ,x is n z ! husb& ( s _m wom5 & ! wife ( s _m m52 z ! conqu]or ( ,pompey & ! ,scipios2 z ! satiri/ :o turn$ ,cato into ridicule2 z ! robb] ( ! public treasury1 :o employ$ ! money ( ! ,romans to r$uce ! ,romans to subjection2 z he :o1 clem5t 9 8 triumphs1 p>don$ ! vanqui%$2 z ! man ( le>n+1 :o re=m$ ! cal5d>2 z ! tyrant & ! fa!r ( 8 c\ntry1 assass9at$ by 8 fri5ds & 8 ba/>d son2 t ,i %all "h speak ( ,cs>4 ,i %all consid] ?is extraord9>y man only 9 my quality ( desc5dant f ! poor b>b>ians :om he subjugat$4 ,y w n pass ?r\gh a t[n 9 ,france1 9 ,spa91 on ! banks ( ! ,rh9e1 or on ! ,engli% coa/ opposite to ,calais1 9 :i* y w n f9d good p :o boa/ ( hav+ _h ,cs> !re4 ,"s ( ! t[nspeople ( ,dov] are p]suad$ t ,cs> built _! ca/le2 & !re are citiz5s ( ,p>is :o believe t ! great *telet is "o ( 8 f9e works4 ,_m a c\ntry squire 9 ,france %[s y an old turret :i* s]ves him = a dove-cote1 & tells y t ,cs> provid$ a lodg+ = 8 pigeons4 ,ea* prov9ce disputes ) its neighbor ! honor ( hav+ be5 ! fir/ to :i* ,cs> appli$ ! la%2 x 0 n by t road1 b by ?is1 t he came to cut our ?roats1 embrace our wives & daught]s1 impose laws ^u u by int]pret]s1 & take f u :at little money we _h4 ,! ,indians are wis]4 ,we h already se5 t !y h a confus$ k t a great robb]1 nam$ ,alex&]1 came among !m ) o!r robb]s2 b !y sc>cely ev] speak ( him4 ,an ,italian antiqu>ian1 pass+ a few ye>s ago ?r\gh ,vannes 9 ,brittany1 0 q a/oni%$ to he> ! le>n$ m5 ( ,vannes boa/ ( ,cs>'s /ay 9 _! t[n4 ,no d\bt1 said he1 y h monum5ts ( t great man8 ,yes1 answ]$ ! mo/ notable among !m1 we w %[ y ! place :]e t h]o _h ! :ole s5ate ( our prov9ce hang$1 to ! numb] ( six hundr$4 ,"s ignorant fell[s1 :o _h f\nd a hundr$ beams "u gr\nd1 advanc$ 9 ! j\rnals 9 #agee t !y 7 ! rema9s ( a bridge built by ,cs>2 b ,i prov$ to !m 9 my diss]tation ( #agef t !y 7 ! gall[s on :i* t h]o _h our p>liam5t ti$ up4 ,:at o!r t[n 9 ,gaul c say z mu*8 ,we h ! te/imony ( ! great ,cs> himself4 ,he says 9 8 ,comm5t>ies' t we 'are fickle & pref] lib]ty to slav]y4' ,he *>ges u ) hav+ be5 s insol5t z to take ho/ages ( ! ,romans1 to :om we _h giv5 ho/ages1 & to be unwill+ to return !m unless our own 7 giv5 up4 ,he taught u good behavior4 ,he did well1 repli$ ! virtuoso1 8 "r 0 inconte/able4 ,x 01 h[ev]1 disput$1 = y "k t :5 he vanqui%$ ! emigrant ,swiss1 to ! numb] ( ?ree hundr$ & sixty-eight ?\s&1 & !re 7 n m ?an a hundr$ & t5 ?\s& left1 he _h a conf]5ce 9 ,alsace ) a ,g]man k+ nam$ ,ariovi/us1 & ,ariovi/us said to him3 ',i come to plund] ,gaul1 & ,i w n suff] any "o to plund] x b myself2' aft] :i* ^! good ,g]mans1 :o 7 come to lay wa/e ! c\ntry1 put into ! h&s ( _! wit*es two ,roman knights1 ambassadors f ,cs>2 & ^! wit*es 7 on ! po9t ( burn+ !m & (f]+ !m to _! gods1 :5 ,cs> came & deliv]$ !m by a victory4 ,we mu/ confess t ! "r on bo? sides 0 equal1 & t ,tacitus _h good reason = be/[+ s _m praises on ! mann]s ( ! anci5t ,g]mans4 ,?is conv]sation gave rise to a v w>m dispute betwe5 ! le>n$ m5 ( ,vannes & ! antiqu>ian4 ,sev]al ( ! ,bretons c\ld n conceive :at 0 ! virtue ( ! ,romans 9 deceiv+ "o aft] ano!r all ! nations ( ,gaul1 9 mak+ !m by turns ! in/rum5ts ( _! own ru91 9 but*]+ "o-f\r? ( ! p1 & r$uc+ ! o!r ?ree-f\r?s to slav]y4 ,oh6 no?+ c be f9]1 return$ ! antiqu>ian4 ,i h 9 my pocket a m$al repres5t+ ,cs>'s triumph at ! ,capitol2 x is 9 ! be/ pres]vation4 ,he %[$ ! m$al4 ,a ,breton1 a tittle rude1 took x & ?rew x into ! riv]1 exclaim+3 ,oh6 t ,i c\ld s s]ve all :o use _! p[] & _! skill to oppress _! fell[-m56 ,rome deceiv$ u1 disunit$ u1 but*]$ u1 *a9$ u2 & at ?is day ,rome /ill disposes ( _m ( our b5efices2 & is x possible t we h s long & 9 s _m ways be5 a c\ntry ( slaves8 ,to ! conv]sation betwe5 ! ,italian antiqu>ian & ! ,breton ,i %all only add t ,p]rot d',ablanc\rt1 ! translator ( ,cs>'s ,comm5t>ies1 9 8 d$ication to ! great ,cond1 makes use ( ^! words3 ,does x n seem to y1 sir1 z if y 7 read+ ! life ( "s ,*ri/ian philosoph]8 ,cs> a ,*ri/ian philosoph]6 ,i wond] he has n be5 made a sa9t4 ,writ]s ( d$ications are rem>kable = say+ f9e ?+s & mu* to ! purpose4 ,,cal5ds4 ,! fea/ ( ! ,circumcision1 :i* ! *ur* celebrates on ! fir/ ( ,janu>y1 has tak5 ! place ( ano!r call$ ! ,fea/ ( ! ,cal5ds1 ( ,asses1 ( ,fools1 or ( ,innoc5ts1 accord+ to ! diff]5t places :]e1 & ! diff]5t days on :i*1 x 0 held4 ,x 0 mo/ commonly at ,*ri/mas1 ! ,circumcision1 or ! ,epiphany4 ,9 ! ca!dral ( ,r\5 !re 0 on ,*ri/mas day a procession1 9 :i* ecclesia/ics1 *os5 = ! purpose1 repres5t$ ! prophets ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 :o =etold ! bir? ( ! ,messiah1 &--:i* may h giv5 ! fea/ its "n--,balaam appe>$1 m\nt$ on a %e-ass2 b z ,lactantius' poem1 & ! ,book ( ,promises1 "u ! "n ( ,/4 ,prosp]1 say t ,jesus 9 ! mang] 0 recogniz$ by ! ox & ! ass1 accord+ to ! passage ,isaiah3 ,! ox kn[e? 8 own]1 & ! ass 8 ma/]'s crib 7a circum/ance1 h[ev]1 :i* nei!r ! gospel nor ! anci5t fa!rs h rem>k$71 x is m likely t1 f ?is op9ion1 ! ,fea/ ( ! ,ass took its "n4 ,inde$1 ! ,jesuit1 ,!ophilus ,raynaud1 te/ifies t on ,/4 ,/eph5's day !re 0 sung a hymn ( ! ass1 :i* 0 also call$ ! ,prose ( ,fools2 & t on ,/4 ,john's day ano!r 0 sung1 call$ ! ,prose ( ! ,ox4 ,9 ! libr>y ( ! *apt] ( ,s5s !re is pres]v$ a manuscript ( vellum ) m9iature figures repres5t+ ! c]emonies ( ! ,fea/ ( ,fools4 ,! text conta9s a description ( x1 includ+ ?is ,prose ( ! ,ass2 x 0 sung by two *oirs1 :o imitat$ at int]vals & z ! burd5 ( ! song1 ! bray+ ( t animal4 ,!re 0 elect$ 9 ! ca!dral *ur*es a bi%op or ar*bi%op ( ! ,fools1 :i* election 0 confirm$ by all sorts ( buffoon]ies1 play$ (f by way ( consecration4 ,?is bi%op (ficiat$ pontifically & gave 8 bless+ to ! p1 be=e :om he appe>$ be>+ ! mitre1 ! crosi]1 & ev5 ! ar*iepiscopal cross4 ,9 ^? *ur*es :i* held imm$iately f ! ,holy ,see1 a pope ( ! ,fools 0 elect$1 :o (ficiat$ 9 all ! decorations ( papacy4 ,all ! cl]gy assi/$ 9 ! mass1 "s dress$ 9 wom5's app>el1 o!rs z buffoons1 or mask$ 9 a grotesque & ridicul\s mann]4 ,n cont5t ) s++ lic5ti\s songs 9 ! *oir1 !y sat & play$ at dice on ! alt>1 at ! side ( ! (ficiator4 ,:5 ! mass 0 ov] !y ran1 leap$1 & danc$ ab\t ! *ur*1 utt]+ obsc5e words1 s++ immode/ songs1 & putt+ !mselves 9 a ?\s& indec5t po/ures1 sometimes expos+ !mselves almo/ nak$4 ,!y !n _h !mselves drawn ab\t ! /reets 9 tumbrels full ( fil?1 t !y might ?r[ x at ! mob :i* ga!r$ r\nd !m4 ,! loos] "p ( ! secul>s w\ld mix among ! cl]gy1 t !y might play "s fool's "p 9 ! ecclesia/ical habit4 ,?is fea/ 0 held 9 ! same mann] 9 ! conv5ts ( monks & nuns1 z ,naud te/ifies 9 8 compla9t to ,gass5di1 9 #afde1 9 :i* he relates t at ,antibes1 9 ! ,franciscan mona/]y1 nei!r ! (ficiat+ monks nor ! gu>dian w5t to ! *oir on ! day ( ! ,innoc5ts4 ,! lay bre?r5 occupi$ _! places on t day1 &1 clo!d 9 sac]dotal decorations1 torn & turn$ inside out1 made a sort ( (fice4 ,!y held books turn$ upside d[n1 :i* !y seem$ to be read+ ?r\gh spectacles1 ! glasses ( :i* 7 made ( orange peel2 & mutt]$ confus$ words1 or utt]$ /range cries1 accompani$ by extravagant contortions4 ,! second regi/] ( ! *ur* ( ,autun1 by ! secret>y ,rot>ii1 :i* ends ) #adaf1 says1 )\t specify+ ! day1 t at ! ,fea/ ( ,fools an ass 0 l$ along ) a cl]gyman's cape on 8 back1 ! att5dants s++3 ,he haw6 ,mr4 ,ass1 he haw6 ,ducange relates a s5t5ce ( ! (ficialty ( ,vivi]s1 ^u "o ,william1 :o1 hav+ be5 elect$ fool-bi%op 9 #adjj1 _h refus$ to p]=m ! solemnities & to defray ! exp5ses cu/om>y on su* occasions4 ,&1 to conclude1 ! regi/]s ( ,/4 ,/eph51 at ,dijon1 9 #aeba1 )\t m5tion+ ! day1 t ! vic>s ran ab\t ! /reets ) drums1 fifes1 & o!r in/rum5ts1 & c>ri$ lamps be=e ! pr-*antre ( ! ,fools1 to :om ! honor ( ! fea/ pr9cipally belong$4 ,b ! p>liam5t ( t city1 by a decree ( ,janu>y #ai1 #aeeb1 =bade ! celebration ( ?is fea/1 :i* _h already be5 condemn$ by sev]al c\ncils1 & especially by a circul> ( ,m>* #aa1 #addd1 s5t to all ! cl]gy 9 ! k+dom by ! ,p>is univ]sity4 ,?is lett]1 :i* we f9d at ! end ( ! works ( ,pet] ( ,blois1 says t ?is fea/ 01 9 ! eyes ( ! cl]gy1 s well imag9$ & s ,*ri/ian1 t ^? :o s\ght to suppress x 7 look$ on z excommunicat$2 & ! ,sorbonne doctor1 ,john des ,lyons1 9 8 disc\rse aga9/ ! paganism ( ! ,roiboit1 in=ms u t a doctor ( div9ity publicly ma9ta9$ at ,aux]re1 ab\t ! close ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 t ! fea/ ( ,fools 0 no less pleas+ to ,god ?an ! fea/ ( ! ,immaculate ,conception ( ! ,bless$ ,virg92 besides1 t x 0 ( mu* high] antiquity 9 ! *ur*4