----------------------------------------
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,,transcrib]',s ,,notes                 
99 ,"s m9or typographical errors        
correct$4                           99  
,inconsi/5cies 9 spell+ & lay-out h n   
be5 correct$4     99 ,italics are       
repres5t$ betwe5 und]scores z 9 italics4
         99 ,bold fac$ type is repres5t$
 z 9 bold face4                    99   
,sid5otes f ! orig9al "w h be5 delet$ f 
?is           e-text1 s9ce _! %e] numb] 
made read+ ! text difficult4      ,!    
section titles giv5 9 ! ,table (        
,cont5ts are ! same         z ! orig9al 
sid5otes4                               
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,,wr9kles                               
,,9                                     
,,electric ,,light+4                    
,,wr9kles                               
,,9                                     
,,electric ,,light+4                    
,,by                                    

,,v9c5t ,,/eph54                        
,illu/ration                    ,e4  ,f4
 ,n4 ,,spon1 #abe1 ,,/r&1 ,,london4     
,,new ,,york3 #ab1 ,,cortl&t ,,/reet4   
#ahhh4     ,,introduction4   ,9 ! foll[+
 pages x is my int5tion to give eng9e]s 
on bo>d %ip1 :o may be put 9 *>ge (     
electric light+ ma*9]y )\t hav+ any     
electrical k1 "s idea ( ! mann] 9 :i*   
electricity is produc$ by me*anical     
means2 h[ x is conv]t$ into light2 :at  
precautions mu/ be us$ to keep ! plant 9
 ord]1 & :at to d 9 ! ev5t (            
difficulties aris+4 ,i d n !re=e aim at 
produc+ a lit]>y "w1 b %all try & expla9
 ev]y?+ 9 ! pla9e/ language possible4   
,,cont5ts4     ,,! ,,electric ,,curr5t1 
,,& ,,its ,,production ,,by ,,*emical   
,,means4       ,,page    ,production (  
electric curr5t 9 *emical               
batt]y--,curr5t v   weak--,curr5t comp>$
 to circulation ( ! blood--,/r5g? &     
volume ( curr5t--,pressure n suffici5t  
)\t volume--,action   ( curr5t is       
in/antane\s--,resi/ance to ! passage ( !

   curr5t--,copp] ! usual metal =       
conductors--,heat produc$ by   curr5t :5
 wire is too small                      
#a     ,,production ,,( ,,electric      
,,curr5ts ,,by ,,me*anical ,,means4     
,magneto-,electric ,ma*9es4    ,curr5t  
produc$ by me*anical means--,alt]nat+   
curr5t--   ,magneto-electric            
ma*9es--,%ock produc$ by int]ruption (  
curr5t--,! curr5t mu/ be                
commutat$--,description (               
commutator--,curr5t1 ?\gh alt]nat+ 9 !  
dynamo1 is   cont9u\s 9 !               
circuit--,cont9u\s curr5t us$ =         
electro-plat+                           
#e    ,dynamo-,electric ,ma*9es4        
,curr5t w magnetise an iron or /eel     
b>--,p]man5t magnet--                   
,electro-magnet--,:]e ! magneto & dynamo
 ma*9es diff]--   ,armature ( s-call$   
cont9u\s-curr5t dynamo--,type (         
commutator--,commutator bru%es--,curr5t 
cont9u\s 9 !   circuit--,alt]nat+-curr5t
 dynamos--,curr5t n commutat$--         
,int5se magnetic field                  

produc$--,simplicity ( ,f]ranti         
armature--   ,l>ge numb] ( alt]nations (
 ! curr5t--,alt]nat+ curr5t   _c be us$ 
to excite an electro-magnet--,excit]    
c\pl$ on   to same sp9dle z dynamo--,p[]
 ( excit] if us$ alone            #i    
,,electric ,,lamps4    ,production (    
electric light--,arc lights--,me*anism  
to regulate   c>bons--,"s lamps suitable
 = alt]nat+ curr5t--,:5   c>bons are    
consum$1 light goes out--,arc lamps v   
complicat$--   ,jablo*k(f c&les--,arc   
=m$ betwe5 ! c>bons--,c&les   require   
alt]nat+ curr5t--,inc&esc5t             
lamps--,vacuum =m$   9 lamps prev5ts    
combu/ion--,vacuum n p]fect--,advantages
 (   inc&esc5t lamps = h\se & %ip       
light+--,unaffect$ by   w9d1 & suitable 
= ei!r cont9u\s or alt]nat+ curr5ts     
#ai     ,,leads4    ,leads made usually 
( copp] wire--,%ort circuit--,high      
,e4,m4,f4 =   arc lights1 b l[ =        
inc&esc5t--,arc lights 9 s]ies--        
,inc&esc5t lamps 9 p>allel              
circuit--,e4,m4,f4 same = "o lamp   z = 

a numb]--,if lamps suitable1 ea* "o     
turns on & (f   sep>ately--,safety fuses
                                        
#bd     ,,%ip ,,light+4    ,position =  
dynamo--,dynamo to be kept clean &      
cool--,quick-spe$   eng9es--,sl[-spe$   
eng9es ) belts--,means ( keep+ belt on  
! pulley--,eng9e mu/ "w /eadily--,a good
 s5sitive gov]nor   want$--,! belt mu/  
be kept tight--,a h&y belt-/ret*]--     
,friction ge>+--,swit* bo>d ne>         
dynamo--,leads ( diff]5t   col\rs--,ma9 
leads & bran* leads--,lamps held 9 fro/$
   globes--,swit*es = ea* lamp--,lamps (
 v>i\s c&le-p[]s--   ,plan = light+     
qu>t]-deck at times--,arrangem5t (      
tempor>y leads--,leads & lamps always   
ready1 & easily fix$   up--,light+ (    
%ips' holds--,dang] ( fire ) oil        
lamps--,arc   lamps n                   
suitable--,arrangem5t ( leads =         
inc&esc5t lamps--   ,"w c>ri$ on bett]1 
& pilf]+ ( c>go prev5t$--,hold   leads  
disconnect$ :ile at sea--,in/allation   
complete--,lights   want$ z night       

approa*es--,precautions be=e />t+       
dynamo--   ,lubrication mu/ be          
p]fect--,commutators & collectors       
require   v little oil--,position (     
bru%es--,/>t ! eng9e--,swit*es   n turn$
 on2 no curr5t except f excit]--,te/+ "w
   ( excit]--,dynamos v p[]ful          
magnets--,look out = y\r                
wat*es--,swit* on ! lamps--,curr5t is   
produc$ 9 l>ge dynamo--   ,diff]5ce ( a 
few lamps comp5sat$ by gov]nor--,turn   
all   lamps on1 & light up              
gradually--,inequality ( light 9 diff]5t
   lamps--,we$+ out ( bad lamps--,lamps 
n to be run too bright--   ,no tr\ble ) 
dynamo if oil+ is att5d$                
to--,seiz+--,oil   mu/ be ?9--,! dynamo 
mu/ be kept clean--,little tr\bles )   !
 lamps--,no safety fuse--,effects (     
vibration ( %ip on lamps--   ,:at to    
look to if a lamp is                    
out4--,recapitulation--,a curr5t (   #ej
 volts is h>dly felt--,inc&esc5t lights 
= side lights--   ,ma/-head light--,arc 
light %\ld nev] be us$--,pres5t ma/-head

   light q p[]ful en\gh--,on pass5g]    
/eam]s1 side "o   blaze ( light1 & side 
lights b>ely visible--,spe$ ( dynamo    
con/ant1 b /eam p[] us$ 9 proportion to 
numb] ( lamps   9 use--,no dang] to life
 f electric curr5t on bo>d %ip--        
,b9nacle lamps4 ,electric light n       
suitable--,dynamo if ne> a   compass w  
affect x--,notes                        
#bg     ,,wr9kles ,,9 ,,electric        
,,light+4  ,,! ,,electric ,,curr5t1 ,,& 
,,its ,,production ,,by ,,*emical       
,,means4   ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #a4  ,x 
w fir/ be necess>y to expla9 h[ electric
 curr5ts are produc$ by means (         
*emicals4 ,9 a j> ,a1 ,fig4 #a1 are     
plac$ two plates ,b & ,c1 "o z9c1 & !   
o!r copp]1 ea* hav+ connect$ to x at !  
top a copp] wire ( any conv5i5t l5g?4 ,!
 plates are kept 9 position by means (  
pieces ( wood1 & ! j> is ab\t half fill$
 ) a solution ( salt & wat]1 or         
sulphuric acid & wat]2 if !n ! two wires
 are jo9$1 a curr5t ( electricity at    
once fl[s ?r\gh !m1 h[ev] long !y may   

be4 ,! curr5t produc$ 9 ?is mann] is v  
weak1 & does n ev5 keep :at /r5g? x has 
= any l5g? ( "t1 b rapidly gets weak]   
until q imp]ceptible4 ,! curr5t is1     
h[ev]1 cont9u\s2 t is1 x fl[s /eadily 9 
! "o direction ?r\gh ! wire1 & may be   
us$ = r++ bells1 or = o!r purposes :]e a
 feeble curr5t only is requir$ to d     
int]mitt5t "w4 ,! wire ,e 9 connection )
 ! copp] plate is call$ ! positive lead1
 & ! o!r ! negative1 & ! curr5t is said 
to fl[ f ! copp] plate1 ?r\gh ! wire ,e 
?r\gh ! circuit to ,d1 & !nce to ! z9c  
plate1 & ?r\gh ! liquid to ! copp]      
plate4 ,! curr5t has (t5 be5 comp>$ to  
wat] fl[+ ?r\gh a pipe1 b ,i ?9k x c be 
bett] comp>$ to ! blood 9 ! human body1 
:i* ?r\gh ! action ( ! he>t is          
cont9ually =c$ ?r\gh ! art]ies & ve9s 9 
"o /eady /ream4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 ?is     
diff]5ce1 t !re is no actual progression
 ( matt] 9 ! electric curr5t1 x be+ l a 
ripple on wat]1 :i* moves f end to end (
 a lake )\t ! wat] itself be+ mov$      
across4 ,n[ t ,i h giv5 y an idea ( h[ !

 curr5t acts1 ,i mu/ try & expla9 h[    
diff]5t degrees ( /r5g? & volume are    
obta9$4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 let u consid]  
:at con/itute /r5g? & volume 9 an       
electric curr5t1 or at lea/ try & get a 
g5]al notion ab\t !m4 ,= ?is purpose ,i 
%all comp>e ! electric curr5t to wat]   
be+ =c$ ?r\gh a pipe2 & ! /r5g? ( !     
electric curr5t1 or electromotive =ce1  
writt5 = %ort ,e4,m4,f41 w be l !       
pressure ( wat] at any "p ( ! pipe4 ,two
 pipes may c>ry diff]5t quantities (    
wat]1 & yet ! pressure may be ! same 9  
ea*2 9 "o a gallon ( wat] may pass a    
giv5 po9t 9 ! same "t t a p9t passes !  
same po9t 9 ! o!r1 & yet 9 ea* case !   
diff]5t quantities may pass t po9t at ! 
same spe$4 ,?us 9 electricity1 two      
curr5ts may be ( diff]5t volume or      
quantity1 measur$ 9 amp]es1 & yet be ( !
 same ,e4,m4,f4 measur$ 9 volts2 or !y  
may be ( diff]5t ,e4,m4,f41 or pressure1
 or int5sity1 & yet be ( ! same volume4 
,if any "w is to be done by ! wat] =c$  
?r\gh a pipe1 su* z turn+ a turb9e1 x is

 evid5t t pressure ( itself is n        
suffici5t1 see+ t a /ream an in* 9      
diamet] may be at ! same pressure z     
ano!r a foot 9 diamet]4 ,s ) ! electric 
curr5t1 if "w is to be done1 su* z driv+
 a motor or light+ a lamp1 x is n       
suffici5t to h a c]ta9 ,e4,m4,f42 !re   
mu/ be quantity or volume 9 proportion  
to ! am\nt ( "w1 s t if x takes a giv5  
quantity to "w "o lamp1 x w take twice t
 quantity to "w two lamps ( ! same k9d4 
,x mu/ n be inf]r$ f ?is1 t if "o lamp  
requires a c]ta9 ,e4,m4,f41 t two lamps 
w require x to be d\bl$1 z su* is n !   
case1 except "u c]ta9 conditions :i* ,i 
w expla9 lat] on4  ,! action (          
electricity is practically in/antane\s 9
 any l5g? ( wire1 s t if ! curr5t is us$
 to r+ two bells a mile ap>t1 b connect$
 by wires1 !y w comm5ce to r+           
simultane\sly4 ,i h s f> n said any?+   
ab\t resi/ance to ! passage ( ! curr5t  
?r\gh ! wires4 ,i %all !re=e ref] aga9  
to our comp>ison ( ! curr5t to wat] =c$ 
?r\gh a pipe1 & y w agree t a c]ta9 siz$

 pipe w only convey a c]ta9 am\nt ( wat]
 9 a giv5 "t4 ,if a l>g] quantity is to 
be convey$ 9 ! same "t1 a great]        
pressure mu/ be appli$1 or a l>g] pipe  
mu/ be us$4  ,x is evid5t t increas+ !  
size ( ! pipe w get ov] ! difficulty m  
readily ?an increas+ ! pressure ( !     
wat]4 ,! pipes !mselves (f] a c]ta9     
resi/ance to ! passage ( ! wat] ?r\gh   
!m1 9 ! %ape ( friction2 s t if an      
effect is to be produc$ at a di/ance1 r 
m pressure is requir$ ?an if x is done  
close at h&1 s z to make up = ! loss    
su/a9$ by friction4  ,mu* ! same may be 
said ( ! electric curr5t2 a c]ta9 siz$  
wire w only c>ry a c]ta9 curr5t1 & if m 
curr5t is requir$1 a ?ick] wire mu/ be  
us$ to convey x1 or x mu/ be ( a great] 
,e4,m4,f4 ,x is usually m conv5i5t to   
increase ! ?ickness ( ! wire ?an to     
increase ! ,e4,m4,f4 ( ! curr5t4 ,! wire
 (f]s a c]ta9 resi/ance to ! passage ( !
 curr5t ?r\gh x1 :i* may be comp>$ to   
friction1 & ?is resi/ance v>ies accord+ 
to ! metal ( :i* x is compos$4 ,copp] is

 ! metal 9 ord9>y use = wires = electric
 light+ purposes1 & ! pur] x is ! bett] 
w x convey ! curr5t4 ,iron is us$ =     
telegraph wires on acc\nt ( *eapness1 ! 
curr5t us$ be+ s small t ?is metal      
conveys x readily en\gh2 if copp] 7 us$1
 ! wires w only require to be ab\t      
"o-?ird ! diamet] ( ! iron ones4 ,!     
foll[+ are ! respective values =        
electrical conductivity ( v>i\s metals  
:5 pure1 tak+ silv] z a /&>d3--,silv]   
#ajj1 copp] #ii4i1 gold #hj1 z9c #bi1   
brass #bb1 iron #af4h1 t9 #ac4a1 lead   
#h4c1 m]cury #a4f4  ,if a wire is made  
to convey a curr5t :i* is too l>ge = its
 electrical capacity1 x w get heat$1 :i*
 decreases its conductivity1 ) ! result 
t ! heat increases until f9ally ! wire  
fuses4 ,i %all h m to say ab\t ?is :5   
speak+ ( electric light+4               
,,production ,,( ,,electric ,,curr5ts   
,,by ,,me*anical ,,means4               
,magneto-electric ,ma*9es4  ,i h %[n h[ 
! electric curr5t is produc$ by ! action
 ( *emical or prim>y batt]ies1 & h[ ?is 

curr5t w fl[ ?r\gh suitable conductors4 
,i %all n[ expla9 h[ me*anical p[] may  
be conv]t$ into electricity4 ,x has be5 
f\nd t if a wire1 pref]ably ( copp]1 (  
:i* ! ends are jo9$ toge!r1 is mov$ pa/ 
a magnet a curr5t is induc$ 9 ! wire1   
fl[+ 9 "o direction :ile ! wire is      
approa*+ ! magnet1 & 9 ! opposite       
direction :ile x is rec$+ f x4 ,?is is  
!n n a cont9u\s curr5t l we obta9$ f !  
*emical batt]y1 b an alt]nat+ "o1 & y w 
see lat] on h[ x c be made to produce   
simil> effects4 ,! (t5] ! wire passes ! 
magnet ! m electricity is g5]at$1 s t if
 we make a coil ( ! wire & move a l>ge  
numb] ( p>ts ( wire pa/ at "o "t1 !     
effects on ea* "p are accumulat$2 & if  
in/ead ( hav+ "o magnet to pass be=e1 we
 h sev]al1 ! effects w be d\bl$ or      
trebl$1 c41 9 proportion to ! numb]4    
,if1 aga91 ! coil is mov$ at an increas$
 spe$ pa/ ! magnets1 ! effects w be /ill
 fur!r increas$4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4  
#b4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #c4  ,! k ( ^!
 facts l$ to ! con/ruction ( ! v>i\s    

magneto-electric ma*9es1 ( :i* a famili>
 type is se5 9 ^? small ones us$ =      
m$ical purposes4 ,!y conta9 a l>ge      
horse-%oe magnet1 close to ! end ( :i*  
two bobb9s ( copp] wire are made to     
revolve at a high spe$1 & all :o h us$  
^! ma*9es "k t ! m quickly !y turn !    
h&le ! great] %ock ! p]son receives :o  
is be+ op]at$ ^u4 ,! curr5t g5]at$ is   
really v feeble1 ! %ock be+ produc$ by  
int]rupt+ x at e half revolution by     
means ( a small spr+ or o!r suitable    
me*anism4 ,if ! curr5t is n s int]rupt$1
 x _c be felt at all1 :i* may be prov$  
by lift+ up ! spr+ on ! sp9dle ( !      
ord9>y k9d4 ,! curr5t is an alt]nat+ "o1
 & *anges its direction ?r\gh\t !       
circuit1 h[ev] ext5d$ x may be1 at e    
half revolution4 ,if x is requir$ to h a
 cont9u\s curr5t1 use mu/ be made ( :at 
is t]m$ a commutator1 & ,i %all endeav\r
 to expla9 ! mann] 9 :i* x acts z simply
 z possible4 ,)\t go+ into any fur!r    
details z to ! con/ruction ( ! bobb9s1 &
 _! action at any p>ticul> mom5t1 ,i    

%all cont5t myself ) say+ t if ! wire on
 ! two bobb9s is cont9u\s1 & ! ends are 
connect$1 ! curr5t w fl[ "o way dur+    
half a revolution1 & ! o!r way dur+ !   
o!r half4 ,n[1 9 ,fig4 #b1 on ! sp9dle  
,a on :i* ! bobb9s are fix$1 is fitt$ a 
split coll> =m$ ( two halves ,b & ,c1 to
 :i* are jo9$ respectively ! ends ( !   
wires  & -4 ,?is coll> is insulat$ f !  
sp9dle by a suitable insulat+ mat]ial1 t
 is to say1 a mat]ial :i* does n conduct
 electricity1 su* z wood1 ivory1 c41 &  
is repres5t$ 9 ,fig4 #b by ! d>k p>ts   
,d4 ,s f> ! circuit is n complete1 s t  
h[ev] quickly y turn ! ma*9e no curr5t  
is produc$4 ,if1 h[ev]1 "s means is     
employ$ = jo9+ ,b & ,c by a conductor1 !
 alt]nat+ curr5t is produc$ z be=e4 ,9  
,fig4 #c1 ,i %[ a section ?r\gh ,b ,a   
,c4 ,on a base ,e made ( wood1 are fix$ 
two metal spr+s ,f & ,g1 :i* are made to
 press aga9/ ,b & ,c respectively2 wires
 are connect$ at ,h & ,k1 :i*1 jo9$     
toge!r1 complete ! circuit4 ,a cont9u\s 
curr5t is said to be  or positive :]e x 

leaves a batt]y1 & - or negative :]e x  
returns2 x w be conv5i5t to use ^! signs
 & t]ms 9 ! foll[+ explanation4 ,at "o  
portion ( ! revolution ! sp9dle w be 9 !
 position %[n 9 ,fig4 #c1 & !  curr5t is
 fl[+ into ,b1 ?r\gh ,f1 to ! t]m9al ,h1
 !nce ?r\gh ! circuit to ! t]m9al ,k1   
?r\gh ,g to ,c1 & s back ?r\gh ! - wire 
to ! bobb9s ( ! ma*9e4 ,9 ,fig4 #d !    
sp9dle has made a half revolution1 br++ 
,b 9 contact ) ,g1 & ,c ) ,f4 ,b by ?is 
half turn ! curr5t is rev]s$ 9 ! bobb9s1
 & !  curr5t fl[s into ,c1 ?r\gh ,f1 to 
t]m9al ,h z be=e1 & ?r\gh ! circuit to  
,k1 ?r\gh ,g & ,b1 back to ! bobb9s4    
,?us y see t 9 ! circuit ! curr5t w be  
always 9 ! same direction1 or cont9u\s1 
al?\gh 9 ! bobb9s x is alt]nat+1 & may  
be us$ = any purpose = :i* a cont9u\s   
curr5t is requir$1 su* z electro-plat+1 
c4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #d4  ,!re are  
v>i\s =ms ( ! magneto-electric ma*9es1 z
 well z ( commutators1 b ! =ego+ %[s !  
g5]al pr9ciple ( !m all4                
,dynamo-electric ,ma*9es4  ,x w n[ be   

necess>y to expla9 ! nature ( a         
dynamo-electric ma*9e1 call$1 =         
%ortness1 a dynamo1 & to %[ 9 :at x     
diff]s f a magneto-electric ma*9e4  ,i h
 expla9$ h[ an electric curr5t is       
produc$ by a wire pass+ 9 front ( a     
magnet2 n[1 ?is magnet may ei!r be ( !  
ord9>y k9d1 or x may be :at is t]m$ an  
electro-magnet4 ,"o ( ! effects :i*     
electricity c be made to produce is !   
magnetis+ ( /eel b>s to =m ! ord9>y &   
well-kn[n p]man5t magnets :i* are us$ 9 
%ips' compasses1 c4 ,to produce ?is     
effect1 "p ( ! wire 9 a circuit is made 
into a spiral z 9 ,fig4 #e4             
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #e4  ,! /eel rod to
 be magnetis$ is plac$ )9 ! spiral1 & a 
cont9u\s curr5t ( electricity is !n s5t 
?r\gh ! wire1 :i* causes ! rod to become
 magnetis$ ) a ,nor? pole at "o end1 & a
 ,s\? pole at ! o!r4 ,! m curr5t is     
pass$ ?r\gh ! circuit1 & ! m turns are 9
 ! spiral1 ! m quickly & /rongly is !   
rod magnetis$2 & x w reta9 its magnetism
 = an indef9ite "t if made ( suitable   

/eel4 ,!re is a po9t at :i* ! metal is  
said to be saturat$ ) magnetism1 & !    
/r5g? x has !n acquir$ w be t :i* x w   
reta9 aft]w>ds1 al?\gh :ile "u !        
influ5ce ( ! curr5t t /r5g? may be      
consid]ably exce$$4 ,if in/ead ( a /eel 
rod "o ( iron is plac$ 9 ! spiral1 & !  
curr5t is pass$ ?r\gh z be=e1 x w be    
magnetis$ 9 ! same mann]2 b z soon z !  
curr5t is /opp$1 ! rod loses almo/ all  
its magnetism1 & if ! curr5t is !n pass$
 9 ! opposite direction ! rod w be      
magnetis$ 9 ! opposite way4 ,! s(t] & m 
homog5e\s is ! iron1 ! m in/antane\sly w
 x acquire & lose its magnetism1 & !    
great] /r5g? ( magnetism x is able to   
acquire4 ,an iron b>1 r\nd :i* are w\nd 
a l>ge numb] ( turns ( insulat$ or cov]$
 wire1 con/itutes an electro-magnet4 ,! 
diff]5ce !n betwe5 a magneto-electric & 
a dynamo-electric ma*9e is1 t 9 ! =m]   
p]man5t magnets are us$1 & 9 ! latt]    
electro-magnets take _! place4 ,i d n   
int5d to g into p>ticul>s z to !        
con/ruction ( ! v>i\s dynamos 9 pres5t  

use1 z !re are _m books to be _h 9 :i*  
^! ma*9es are fully describ$4 ,i ne$    
m]ely say t 9 ! s-call$ cont9u\s-curr5t 
dynamos1 ! :ole or "p ( ! curr5t produc$
 is made to pass ?r\gh ! coils ( !      
electro-magnets1 ?us induc+ 9 !m !      
requir$ magnetism4 ,i %[$ h[1 9 !       
magneto-electric ma*9e1 ! curr5ts are   
collect$ by means ( a commutator1 & x is
 evid5t t 9 ,figs4 #b1 #c1 & #d !re     
might be sep>ate wires com+ f ea* bobb9 
to ,b & ,c2 & if !re 7 m ?an two bobb9s1
 !re might /ill be two wires f ea* to ,b
 & ,c4 ,on ! o!r h& ! collect+ coll>    
might be split into m sections2 9 fact  
!re might be z _m sections z bobb9s4 ,to
 %[ h[ ! curr5t is collect$ 9           
cont9u\s-curr5t dynamos1 ,i mu/ give a  
%ort explanation ( ! revolv+ "p or      
armature ( a /&>d type ( ma*9e4  ,9     
,fig4 #f is %[n a horse-%oe magnet1 )   
its ,nor? & ,s\? poles1 ,n & ,s4 ,betwe5
 ^! poles is made to revolve ! armature1
 compos$ ( a numb] ( coils ( wire made  
to =m a r+ l a life-buoy4 ,! ends ( !   

wires are made to lie along a coll> on !
 sp9dle1 made ( "s insulat+ mat]ial1 ea*
 wire be+ p>allel to its neighb\r1 &    
kept sep>ate f x1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #g4     
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #f4  ,illu/ration3 
,,fig4 #g4  ,^! wires are s arrang$ t if
 "o end ( a sectional coil is on top ( !
 sp9dle at a giv5 mom5t1 ! o!r w be on !
 "u side4 ,if !n1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #g1 a   
rubb] ( copp]1 made 9 ! =m ( a bru% (   
copp] wire = conv5i5ce1 is plac$ 9      
contact ) ! upp] "p ( ! commutator      
coll>1 & ano!r simil> "o ) ! l[]1 x is  
evid5t ! circuit w be complet$ 9 ! same 
mann] z be=e expla9$4  ,illu/ration3    
,,fig4 #h4 ,edison ,dynamo4  ,a wire :i*
 is  :5 above ! sp9dle1 w be - :5 bel[  
x1 & z ! sp9dle revolves ! curr5t *anges
 9 ! v>i\s wires f - to  z !y rea* !    
top1 s t x w always !re=e be  9 ! upp]  
bru% & - 9 ! l[] "o1 & w accord+ly be   
cont9u\s ?r\gh ! circuit4 ,x w be se5 9 
! illu/rations ( v>i\s cont9u\s-curr5t  
dynamos1 t ?\gh _! %ape & arrangem5t    
diff]1 ! mode ( collect+ ! curr5t is mu*

 ab\t ! same z ,i h describ$ above4     
,figs4 #h & #i %[ "s ( ! cont9u\s-curr5t
 dynamos at pres5t 9 use4  ,illu/ration3
 ,,fig4 #i4 ,bru% ,dynamo4  ,i w n[     
expla9 ! nature ( an alt]nat+-curr5t    
dynamo4  ,! pr9cipal diff]5ce betwe5 !  
cont9u\s-& alt]nat+-curr5t dynamo1 is 9 
! numb] ( magnets us$4 ,mo/ ( ! =m] h   
only f\r magnets1 :ile ! latt] h        
frequ5tly z _m z ?irty-two4 ,9 reality1 
z ,i h %[n1 ^! are all alt]nat+-curr5t  
dynamos1 only t 9 ! s-call$             
cont9u\s-curr5t ones1 ! curr5t is       
commutat$1 :]eas 9 ! o!rs x is n1 b is  
us$ z x is produc$4 ,9 ! pr9cipal       
alt]nat+-curr5t dynamos1 a numb] ( small
 magnets1 usually sixte51 are atta*$ to 
a framework directly opposite a simil>  
numb] ( o!rs ( ! same size1 ! space     
betwe5 ! ends be+ only ab\t an in* or   
two4 ,^! are all electro-magnets1 & are 
w\nd 9 su* mann] t :5 excit$ by a       
curr5t1 e alt]nate "o %all h ! same     
magnetism1 z 9 ,fig4 #aj1 & e opposite  
"o a contr>y magnetism4  ,?is produces  

an int5se magnetic field betwe5 ! ends (
 ! magnets1 & 9 ?is space revolves !    
armature4 ,?is armature1 9 ! ,siem5s    
dynamo1 is compos$ ( a disc hav+ z _m   
bobb9s on ! p]iph]y z !re are magnets on
 ea* side ( ! dynamo4 ,z ea* bobb9      
approa*es ea* magnet a curr5t is induc$ 
9 "o direction1 :i* is rev]s$ :5 ! bobb9
 rec$es2 ?us an alt]nat+ curr5t is      
produc$1 :i* is collect$ by connect+ !  
ends to insulat$ r+s or coll>s on !     
sp9dle1 & hav+ small copp] bru%es or    
rubb]s 9 contact ) !m4 ,9 ! ,f]ranti    
dynamo1 ! armature is q diff]5t1 & mu* m
 simple1 z comp>ison ( ,figs4 #aa & #ab 
w %[4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aj4        
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aa4 ,siem5s       
,armature4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ab4   
,f]ranti ,armature4  ,x consi/s ( a     
copp] tape b5t 9 & out s z to =m a sort 
( /> ) eight arms1 ! numb] ( lay]s (    
insulat$ copp] tape be+ f t5 to ?irty1  
accord+ to requirem5ts4 ,! c5tre is made
 9 a simil> %ape ) bolts or rivets hold+
 ea* convolution 9 place4 ,! two ends ( 

! tape are atta*$ respectively to two   
collector-r+s on ! sp9dle1 aga9/ :i*    
press two solid metal rubb]s :i* c>ry (f
 ! curr5t = use 9 ! circuit4 ,x c be %[n
 t z ea* arm approa*es a magnet a curr5t
 w be induc$ 9 "o direction1 :i* w be   
rev]s$ z ea* arm rec$es2 & !re=e an     
alt]nat+ curr5t w be produc$4 ,z !re are
 sixte5 magnets = ! armature to pass at 
ea* revolution1 !re mu/ be sixte5       
alt]nations ( ! curr5t dur+ ! same "t1 s
 t if ! spe$ ( ! armature is #ejj       
revolutions p] m9ute1 !re w be #ejj x   
#af  #hjjj alt]nations 9 "o m9ute4 ,^!  
alt]nations be+ s extremely rapid1 :5   
?is curr5t is us$ = electric light+1 !  
/ead9ess ( ! light w be 9 no way        
affect$1 b w rema9 z con/ant z ) a      
cont9u\s curr5t4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4  
#ac4 ,siem5s ,alt]nat+ ,dynamo4  ,!     
alt]nat+ curr5t produc$ by ^! dynamos _c
 be us$ = excit+ an electro-magnet1 z ! 
magnetism w\ld be rev]s$ at e           
alt]nation2 a sep>ate small dynamo ( !  
cont9u\s type is !re=e us$ z an excit]  

to magnetise all ! electro-magnets 9 !  
field1 & x is usually c\pl$ on to ! same
 sp9dle1 & !re=e goes at ! same spe$ z !
 alt]nat+-curr5t dynamo4 ,! excit] is   
usually ( a size to be able to d alone  
ab\t "o-t5? to "o-tw5tie? ( ! "w t !    
l>g] ma*9es does 9 ! way ( light+2 s t  
if f any cause ! latt] is disabl$ :ile !
 %ip light$ by x is at sea1 ! excit] may
 be us$ alone to d a portion ( ! light+1
 9 ! fir/-class saloon = in/ance4 ,?is c
 only be done if ! excit] is s con/ruct$
 z to give ! prop] ,e4,m4,f4 t ! lamps  
require4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ad4     
,f]ranti ,alt]nat+ ,dynamo4  ,figs4 #ac 
& #ad are illu/rations ( two ( !        
alt]nat+ curr5t dynamos 9 use on bo>d   
%ip & else:]e4     ,,electric ,,lamps4  
,i h expla9$ h[ p[] c be conv]t$ into   
electric curr5ts1 ei!r cont9u\s or      
alt]nat+1 & ,i mu/ n[ %[ h[ ^! curr5ts c
 be appli$ to ! production ( light4     
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ae4  ,! curr5t may
 be us$ to produce an arc light 9 !     
foll[+ mann]3--,two c>bon rods1 ,a & ,b1

 are held by suitable means 9 ! position
 %[n 9 ,fig4 #ae1 & ! two wires f a     
dynamo are jo9$ respectively to ,a & ,b1
 ! upp] "o always be+ ! positive lead :5
 a cont9u\s curr5t is us$4 ,:5 ! curr5t 
is s5t ?r\gh ! circuit1 x passes ?r\gh !
 c>bons ,a & ,b1 :i* are conductors4    
,imm$iately ?is occurs1 suitable        
me*anism 9 ! lamp1 be+ act$ on by !     
curr5t1 or by h& 9 ! case ( se>*-lights1
 or by clock-"w1 moves ! two c>bons a   
small di/ance ap>t1 ) ! consequ5ce t a  
dazzl+ arc ( light is =m$ betwe5 !m4 ,if
 ! c>bons get too f> ap>t1 ! me*anism   
br+s !m ne>] toge!r aga91 & on !        
delicacy ) :i* x acts1 dep5ds ! /ead9ess
 ( ! light4 ,x w\ld be useless to expla9
 h[ ?is me*anism acts1 z x is 9 a       
diff]5t =m 9 ea* mak]'s lamp4 ,"s lamps 
h be5 con/ruct$ = use ) an alt]nat+     
curr5t1 b ) ! majority a cont9u\s curr5t
 is us$4 ,:ile an arc light is burn+ !  
c>bons wa/e away1 ! upp] "o m rapidly   
?an ! l[]1 & ! me*anism has to approa*  
!m con/antly to make up = ?is wa/e4  ,:5

 ! c>bons are consum$ z f> z conv5i5t1  
an automatic arrangem5t cuts (f !       
curr5t1 & ! light goes out2 or x div]ts 
! curr5t to ano!r set ( c>bons1 :i* at  
once light up4 ,! c>bons are made 9     
suitable l5g?s to la/ a c]ta9 numb] (   
h\rs1 f\r1 six1 eight1 c4 ,9 ,fig4 #af  
is %[n an arc lamp complete4            
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #af4 ,arc ,lamp    
,complete4  ,an arc lamp is ( necessity 
a complicat$ affair1 :i* x is n         
advisable to h on bo>d %ip1 except :]e  
an electrician is engag$ p]man5tly4     
,ano!r way ( produc+ light is to use !  
curr5t 9 :at is call$ an electric c&le1 
( :i* a famili> type is ! ,jablo*k(f    
c&le4  ,fig4 #ag %[s ! =m ( ?is c&le1 ,a
 & ,b be+ two c>bon rods p>allel to "o  
ano!r1 & jo9$1 b at ! same "t insulat$ f
 "o ano!r by kaol91 a sort ( *alky      
sub/ance1 :i* is a non-conductor4       
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ag4  ,! wires ,c &
 ,d f ! dynamo are jo9$ respectively to 
,a & ,b ?r\gh metallic supports1 z 9 an 
arc lamp1 & :5 ! curr5t is turn$ on x   

fl[s ?r\gh ,c ,a & across by a small    
/rip ( c>bon ,e to ,b & ,d back to !    
dynamo4 ,! /rip ,e is only l>ge en\gh to
 c>ry ! curr5t across = a mom5t1 & is   
imm$iately consum$1 b an arc ( light is 
!n =m$ betwe5 ! c>bons z 9 ! arc lamp4  
,z ! c>bons consume1 ! kaol9 9 betwe5   
burns away1 j 9 ! same mann] z1 9 an    
ord9>y c&le1 ! wick is consum$ & ! wax  
melts & burns away1 except t 9 ! latt]  
case ! wax fe$s ! light1 :]eas ! kaol9  
is only us$ to keep ! c>bons ! requir$  
di/ance ap>t & ! arc ( light f runn+ d[n
 !m4 ,x is evid5t t ! c>bons mu/ be     
consum$ equally1 = :i* reason use mu/ be
 made ( ! alt]nat+ curr5t4 ,any         
un/ead9ess t occurs 9 ! light produc$ is
 consequ5t on un/ead9ess ( ! curr5t1 or 
impurities 9 ! c>bons1 c41 !re be+ no   
me*anism ( any k9d requir$4 ,^! c&les d 
n give su* a great light z arc lights1 b
 x is ( ! same nature 9 e way4 ,fig4 #ah
 %[s "o ( ^! c&les 9 its hold]1 f :i* c 
be se5 h[ electrical contact is made ) !
 two c>bons4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ah4 

,if ! curr5t is int]rupt$ 9 any way1 & !
 light goes out1 x w n be produc$ aga9  
automatically1 b requires a small piece 
( c>bon betwe5 ! two c>bons z a pa? = ! 
curr5t to pass across z 9 ! beg9n+4  ,a 
?ird =m ( electric light is produc$ by  
us+ ! curr5t 9 an inc&esc5t lamp4  ,to  
expla9 ! action ( an inc&esc5t lamp1 ,i 
mu/ ref] back to :at ,i said ab\t wires 
gett+ heat$ by a curr5t be+ pass$ ?r\gh 
!m :i* 0 too l>ge = _! capacity4 ,if two
 l>ge wires are jo9$ by a small "o1 & a 
/rong curr5t is pass$ ?r\gh ! circuit1 !
 small wire rapidly gets r$ hot1 &      
f9ally fuses4 ,if ?is small wire is     
conta9$ 9 a globe f :i* ! air is        
exhau/$1 :5 ! curr5t is pass$ ?r\gh x1 x
 gets r$1 !n :ite hot1 & :5 v brilliant 
gets fus$4 ,if1 in/ead ( wire1 we h 9 ! 
small globe a ?9 filam5t ( c>bon1 :5 !  
curr5t is pass$ ?r\gh1 we get a         
brilliant light :i* rema9s con/ant      
because ! c>bon does n fuse1 & x _c burn
 away = want ( air4 ,fig4 #ai %[s a     
,swan lamp1 & ,fig4 #bj an ,edison lamp1

 bo? made on ?is pr9ciple4              
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ai4  ,illu/ration3
 ,,fig4 #bj4  ,if 9 ^! lamps ! vacuum 7 
p]fect1 ! c>bon filam5t w\ld nev] get   
consum$2 x is1 h[ev]1 impossible to get 
a p]fect vacuum1 b ! bett] x is1 ! long]
 w ! filam5t la/4 ,inc&esc5t lamps are !
 only ones t are suitable = h\se or %ip 
light+4 ,advantages ( inc&esc5t lamps = 
h\se & %ip light+4 ,!y give a yell[i%   
light l a good gas-flame1 !y d n consume
 ! air ( a room1 !y cause no smell1 &   
only give out a v slight heat4 ,!y are  
p]fectly safe1 because if ! globe gets  
brok5 & all[s air to get 91 ! filam5t is
 in/antly consum$1 & ! light goes out4  
,!y c be put 9 all sorts ( places :]e x 
w\ld be impossible to h any o!r lamps1  
su* z ne> ! ceil+1 close to curta9s1 9 a
 room full ( explosives or combu/ibles1 
& ev5 "u wat]4 ,!y are n affect$ by w9d2
 !y c !re=e be us$ "u punkahs1 or ne>   
op5 w9d[s1 sky-lights1 or ports1 or 9 ! 
op5 air4 ,^! lamps c be us$ ) ei!r      
cont9u\s or alt]nat+ curr5ts1 b w       

probably la/ long] ) ! latt]1 because1  
:5 a cont9u\s curr5t is us$1 p>ticles ( 
! c>bon ( ! filam5t appe> to be convey$ 
f "o end ( ! filam5t to ! o!r1 r$uc+ !  
?ickness at ! "o end1 until f9ally x    
breaks4 ,?is evid5tly _c occur ) an     
alt]nat+ curr5t1 z ! impulse 9 "o       
direction is c\nt]act$ by ! foll[+ "o 9 
! opposite direction4 ,if ! curr5t us$  
is ( too high a t5sion = ! lamps1 !y w  
%[ an int5sely brilliant light = a %ort 
"t1 b ! filam5t w soon be de/roy$1 & !  
lamp r5d]$ useless4     ,,leads4   ,we h
 n[ to consid] ! means us$ = convey+ !  
curr5t1 cont9u\s or alt]nat+1 to ! lamps
 we int5d to use4 ,! leads = ! electric 
curr5t1 :i* correspond 9 "s measure ) ! 
pipes :i* convey gas1 are made ( copp]  
wire1 z pure z c be obta9$1 cov]$ ) "s  
insulat+ mat]ial to prev5t ! escape ( ! 
curr5t ?r\gh contact ) o!r conductors4  
,! size ( ! wire is regulat$ accord+ to 
! am\nt ( curr5t :i* is to be convey$2 x
 w d no h>m to h x ( twice ! requir$    
section1 b if x is ( less ?an ! requir$ 

section1 x w (f] s mu* resi/ance to !   
passage ( ! curr5t1 t x w probably get  
fus$ 9 a v %ort "t4 ,if ! lead atta*$ to
 "o t]m9al ( ! dynamo comes back to !   
o!r t]m9al )\t !re be+ any lamps 9 !    
circuit1 or o!r means ( mak+ use ( !    
curr5t1 x is said to be %ort circuit$1 &
 if ! dynamo is kept go+ some?+ mu/ give
 out v soon4 ,! two leads mu/ !re=e nev]
 be connect$ ) "o ano!r1 except by a    
lamp or o!r resi/ance1 & ! mann] 9 :i* !
 lamps are plac$1 & ! size ( ! leads1   
dep5d ^u ! relative t5sion & quantity ( 
curr5t & ! k9d ( lamps to be us$4 ,if ! 
curr5t is to be us$ 9 arc lamps x is    
usual to h a high ,e4,m4,f41 :i* all[s (
 ! leads be+ ( small section2 b if x is 
to be us$ 9 inc&esc5t lamps x is f\nd m 
conv5i5t to h a l[ ,e4,m4,f41 & z ?is   
implies a l>ge quantity ( curr5t1 !     
leads h to be ( l>ge section4  ,arc     
lamps usually require to be plac$ 9     
s]ies1 t is to say1 9 su* a mann] t !   
curr5t1 aft] leav+ ! dynamo1 passes     
?r\gh ea* lamp 9 succession4 ,!         

,e4,m4,f4 requir$ 9 ?is case is ! sum ( 
! ,e4,m4,f4 = ea* lamp1 ! quantity      
requir$ be+ ! same z = "o lamp4 ,?is    
acc\nts = ! high ,e4,m4,f4 us$ 9 arc    
light+ & ! small size ( ! wire =        
conduct+ ! curr5t4 ,inc&esc5t lamps c be
 ei!r 9 s]ies or p>allel1 & frequ5tly ! 
two sy/ems are comb9$4 ,to expla9 !     
mean+ ( hav+ lamps p>allel1 we w suppose
 ! two leads f a dynamo to be tak5 along
 a wall1 p>allel to "o ano!r1 & ab\t six
 in*es ap>t1 end+ at ! end ( ! wall1 b n
 connect$ 9 any way4 ,if we !n place    
lamps at int]vals betwe5 ! two leads1   
connect+ "o loop ( ea* to ! upp] lead1 &
 ! o!r to ! l[] lead1 by means ( small  
copp] wire1 ^! lamps are said to be all 
p>allel4 ,9 ?is arrangem5t ! curr5t     
requir$ is ! sum ( ! quantity necess>y =
 ea* lamp1 b ! ,e4,m4,f4 is ! same z t  
requir$ = "o lamp ( ! same k9d4 ,z we   
!re=e require to s5d a l>ge quantity (  
curr5t ?r\gh ! leads at a small pressure
 or ,e4,m4,f41 ^! leads mu/ be ( l>ge   
section4 ,9 ! above arrangem5t ea* lamp 

may be turn$ on or (f sep>ately )\t     
affect+ ! o!rs4 ,sometimes two or m     
lamps are plac$ 9 gr\ps betwe5 ! p>allel
 leads2 ^! are !n 9 s]ies ) reg>d to "o 
ano!r1 & c only be turn$ on or (f two or
 m at a "t1 9 o!r words1 "o gr\p at a   
"t4 ,if our dynamo is produc+ a curr5t (
 #ajj volts ,e4,m4,f4 :5 work+ at its   
prop] spe$1 & our lamps are #ajj-volt   
lamps1 we %all be able to turn ea* lamp 
on or (f sep>ately2 b if we want to put 
9 #ej-volt lamps1 we mu/ place two      
toge!r1 & we %all !n h to turn !m on or 
(f two at a "t4 ,i am suppos+ t 9 bo?   
cases ! lamps require ! same quantity ( 
curr5t1 ?\gh ( diff]5t ,e4,m4,f4  ,to   
prev5t ! lamps be+ spoilt by ! curr5t   
be+ too /rong ?r\gh a sudd5 increase 9 !
 spe$ ( ! dynamo1 z also to prev5t !    
leads gett+ fus$1 & p]haps sett+ fire to
 ! cas+1 x is usual to h safety fuses 9 
v>i\s p>ts ( ! circuit4 ,^! are (       
diff]5t k9ds1 b a typical "o consi/s ( a
 small lead wire1 l>ge en\gh to c>ry !  
normal curr5t1 b :i* fuses :5 ! curr5t  

is too /rong1 & at once int]rupts its   
passage4 ,! lamps 9 ! same portion ( !  
circuit are !n ext+ui%$ & s sav$ f      
de/ruction1 & _c !n be light$ aga9 until
 ! fuse is r5ew$1 :i*1 h[ev]1 c be done 
) ease4     ,,%ip ,,light+4   ,we w     
consid] n[ ! case ( a /eam%ip to be     
light$ by means ( inc&esc5t lamps4 ,x is
 sometimes a matt] ( "s difficulty to   
fix on a suitable position = ! dynamo & 
eng9e1 especially 9 %ips :i* h already  
be5 runn+ = "s "t4 ,9 select+ a         
position1 x mu/ be borne 9 m9d t a      
dynamo w "w be/ 9 a cool clean place1   
cleanl9ess be+ mo/ important4 ,if a lot 
( coal du/ is fly+ ab\t :]e ! dynamo is 
work+1 x w be drawn into x1 & t5d to    
impair its electrical1 z well z         
me*anical effici5cy4 ,if ! dynamo is    
kept prop]ly lubricat$1 x w "w well     
en\gh 9 a hot place1 b we mu/ rememb] t 
! heat+ ( ! wire :i* makes up a l>ge    
portion ( ! dynamo1 r$uces its          
conductivity1 s t ! cool] x is kept !   
bett]4 ,! dynamo %\ld be s plac$ t !    

eng9e] c get to e side ( x easily4 ,if a
 quick-spe$ eng9e is to be us$ = driv+ x
 direct1 x w make a v compact           
in/allation1 b !re seems to be "s       
difficulty z yet 9 gett+ suitable       
reliable eng9es1 besides :i* _m m>9e    
eng9e]s object to quick-spe$ eng9es     
altoge!r4 ,if a sl[-spe$ eng9e is to be 
us$1 a belt is ( c\rse requir$ to get ! 
necess>y spe$ on ! dynamo1 & v>i\s      
precautions are ne$ful to prev5t ! belt 
slipp+ (f ! pulley :5 ! %ip is roll+    
ab\t 9 a sea-way4 ,9 all cases1 ! eng9e 
& dynamo %\ld be plac$ ) _! sp9dles     
=e-&-aft1 or 9 a l9e ) ! %ip's keel1 !  
roll+ be+ felt m ?an ! pit*+4 ,!re are  
v>i\s ways ( keep+ ! belt f slipp+ (f ! 
pulley4 ,"s h flanges on ! pulley1 o!rs 
h guides or roll]s on ea* side ( ! belt1
 ea* plan hav+ its advantages &         
disadvantages2 b "s plan mu/ be us$1    
o!rwise ! belt slips (f1 usually 9 !    
middle ( ! fir/-saloon d9n]1 & out g all
 ! lights1 besides :i* ! belt may be    
consid]ably damag$ be=e ! eng9e c be    

/opp$4 ,! eng9e mu/ be "o t w "w v      
/eadily1 o!rwise ! lights w pulsate at  
ea* revolution ( ! eng9e1 :i* is mo/    
unpleasant4 ,if ! eng9e is a s+le "o1 x 
mu/ h a l>ge fly-:eel1 or a driv+-:eel  
l>ge & heavy en\gh to answ] ! same      
purpose4 ,! eng9e requires a good       
s5sitive gov]nor1 s z to keep ! spe$    
regul> :5 "s ( ! lamps are turn$ on or  
(f4 ,:5 ! eng9e & dynamo are 9 ! ma9    
eng9e-room1 ! ?rottle-valve1 or a       
/op-valve1 %\ld be 9 a conv5i5t place = 
! eng9e] on wat* to get at s z to       
in/antly %ut (f ! /eam if ! belt slips  
(f or breaks4 ,9 %ips :]e an electrician
 is c>ri$ !re w n be ! same necessity = 
?is precaution4 ,x is necess>y to h "s  
means ( tight5+ up ! belt1 s z to keep x
 f slipp+ r\nd ! pulley4 ,:]e ! eng9e & 
dynamo are on ! same level !re may be a 
screw arrangem5t 9 ! base-plate ( !     
latt] by :i* ! di/ance betwe5 c5tres c  
be increas$4 ,:]e ! eng9e & dynamo are  
on diff]5t levels1 & ! latt] is a       
fixture1 rec\rse mu/ be _h to a roll]1  

be>+ aga9/ ! upp] "p ( ! belt & capable 
( screw adju/m5t4 ,if l9k lea!r belt+ is
 us$1 x w be f\nd necess>y to take out  
sev]al r[s ( l9ks ea* day until x has   
f9i%$ /ret*+4 ,a v h&y ?+ to use = ?is  
purpose1 & :i* c be made on bo>d by an  
eng9e]1 is a d\ble clamp ) a screw 9    
betwe51 j l ! ones :i* are be+ sold =   
/ret*+ tr\s]s :i* h got baggy at !      
knees4 ,:atev] belt is us$1 x is v      
important t !re %\ld be no jo9t or      
inequality :i* c cause a jump or slip :5
 go+ ov] ! pulley1 z ?is w cause !      
lights to pulsate ea* "t4 ,9 ,am]ica    
friction ge>+ has be5 tri$1 b ,i d n "k 
) :at success4 ,f my exp]i5ce ( friction
 ge>+1 ,i am incl9$ to ?9k x might d v  
well4 ,!re is c]ta9ly no d\bt t         
direct-act+ quick-spe$ eng9es are ! ones
 to use1 & x is only a "q ( gett+ a     
suitable "o4  ,! dynamo be+ firmly fix$ 
9 position1 ! ma9 leads are connect$ to 
x1 & c>ri$ along to ! swit*-bo>d1 :i*   
%\ld be 9 a conv5i5t position ne> at h&4
 ,on ?is swit*-bo>d are usually plac$ ! 

l>ge safety fuses4 ,! bo>d %\ld h a cov]
 to x1 to prev5t any "o m$dl+ ) x1 & to 
keep x clean4 ,! ma9 leads are ( a l>ge 
size1 & f ^! o!r small] ones bran* (f1  
be+ splic$ & sold]$ to !m4 ,x is a v    
good practice to use leads ( two diff]5t
 col\rs1 z we c !n "w by ! foll[+ rule3 
,nev] connect toge!r two leads ( diff]5t
 col\rs except by means ( a lamp or o!r 
resi/ance4 ,! size ( ! v>i\s leads      
dep5ds on ! curr5t to be convey$1 & is a
 matt] = ! electricians4 ,on ! ma9-deck 
( a l>ge pass5g] /eam]1 ! ma9 leads may 
be c>ri$ along side by side "u ! upp]   
deck1 & f ^!1 small] ones bran* (f into 
! v>i\s sets ( rooms1 small] ones /ill  
go+ into ea* room4 ,9 ea* room !re w be 
"o lamp ) its swit* to turn x on or (f z
 desir$1 & a safety fuse4 ,! lamps are  
held 9 small brackets1 & are conta9$ :5 
desir$ 9 fro/$ globes1 :i* diffuse !    
light & make x v pleasant4 ,:5 ^! globes
 are held rigidly 9 ! brackets1 ! lea/  
knock breaks !m4 ,a v good bracket ,i h 
se5 9 use is "o :i* all[s ! globe to    

move ab\t on its support :5 t\*$1 be+ at
 ! same "t suffici5tly a fixture to     
resi/ ! motion ( ! %ip2 & 9 ! p>ticul>  
%ip 9 :i* ,i saw ^! us$ 9 ! fir/ saloon1
 !re 0 n a s+le breakage dur+ a f\r     
mon?s' voyage4 ,! swit*es = turn+ ea*   
light on or (f c be "u ! control ( !    
pass5g]s1 or1 on ! o!r h&1 !y c be fitt$
 to "w ) keys kept by ! /ew>ds1 z ?\ght 
mo/ desirable4  ,! lamps us$ c be (     
v>i\s c&le-p[]s1 )9 c]ta9 limits1 & (   
:atev] make is consid]$ be/4 ,!y c also 
be ( v>i\s makes1 z long z !y are       
con/ruct$ to /& ! same ,e4,m4,f4 ,!     
lamps 9 ! pass5g] b]?s give q suffici5t 
light if ( #aj-;c&le p[]2 ! ones =      
light+ ! saloons1 passages1 & o!r l>ge  
spaces1 may ) advantage be ( #bj-;c&le  
p[]4 ,9 ^! days ( luxuri\s travell+1 :5 
! v>i\s l9es are try+ to attract        
pass5g]s to _! p>ticul> %ips1 :at foll[s
 may be ?\ght wor? consid]ation4 ,9     
/eam]s go+ ?r\gh ! tropics to ,india1   
,*9a1 ,au/ralia1 c41 x is usual to get  
up dances1 conc]ts1 & o!r ent]ta9m5ts on

 ! qu>t]-deck1 at times :5 x w\ld be    
impossible to d any?+ bel[ on acc\nt ( !
 heat4 ,! qu>t]-deck !n has to be light$
 up4 ,?is is effect$ by means ( globe   
oil-lamps hung ab\t "h & !re1 two be+   
hung 9 front ( ! piano1 9 unpleasant    
proximity to ! head ( ! oblig+ lady     
piani/4 ,n[ 9 a %ip light$ by           
electricity1 !re is no reason :y a c\ple
 ( leads %\ld n be br\ght up f bel[     
?r\gh a skylight or o!r op5+1 on to !   
qu>t]-deck4 ,inde$ ! leads might be     
arrang$ to screw into a place 9 ! deck1 
or on ! side ( a skylight1 j 9 ! same   
mann] z a hose is connect$ = wa%+ decks4
 ,^! leads w\ld h hold]s = lamps fitt$  
p]man5tly at int]vals1 & :5 requir$ =   
use w\ld be /opp$ up along ! awn+-sp> or
 ridge-*a9s1 & ! lamps screw$ or hook$  
into ! hold]s4 ,) a few h&y m51 five or 
t5 m9utes w\ld suffice to arrange ! :ole
 ?+ aft] ! leads _h once be5 fitt$4 ,!  
leads once fitt$ = ?is purpose w\ld be  
always ready = use1 & c\ld be kept coil$
 away 9 a box :i* might also h a        

comp>tm5t to conta9 ! doz5 or s ( lamps 
requir$4  ,if ! dynamo is already runn+ 
z _m lamps z x is capable (1 "s ( !     
b$room lights may be turn$ (f :ile !    
qu>t]-deck is be+ light$4 ,ano!r ?+ :i* 
,i ?9k has n yet be5 done is ! foll[+4  
,:5 work+ c>go at night1 & inde$ dur+ ! 
day to "s ext5t1 lights are ( necessity 
us$ 9 ! holds4 ,! !ory is1 t no nak$    
lights %all be all[$1 b ! practice is   
?is3 lamps are tak5 bel[1 get knock$    
ab\t1 ! wicks fall d[n & want prick+ up1
 ! lamps are op5$ = ?is purpose1 & z !y 
are f\nd to give m light )\t a du/y     
glass r\nd !m ?an ) x1 !y are left op54 
,c&les are (t5 tak5 bel[ light$1 & ev5  
mat*es /ruck to see ! m>k on a bale4 ,i 
am aw>e t arc lamps are us$ 9 ! ,royal  
,alb]t ,docks1 ,london1 9 connection ) !
 dock light+1 lamps be+ c>ri$ bel[ :5   
requir$1 ) flexible leads atta*$1 & t1 9
 "s few /eam]s1 arc lamps h be5 us$ 9 ! 
same mann] 9 connection ) _! own plant4 
,^! arc lamps are1 ,i ?9k1 n ne>ly z    
suitable z inc&esc5t lamps = ! purpose (

 light+ up a %ip's hold2 ! light is too 
gl>+1 & ca/s deep %ad[s among/ ! bales &
 cases1 besides :i*1 ! lamps are l>ge & 
clumsy4 ,i w\ld sugge/ t leads %\ld be  
c>ri$ beh9d ! /r+]-batt5s 9 ! %ip's     
side1 or along "u ! next upp]-deck1 hav+
 simple sockets or hold]s = inc&esc5t   
lamps at c]ta9 int]vals4 ,:oev] might be
 9 *>ge ( ! hold w\ld screw or hook on !
 lamps z requir$1 & s light up e "p ( ! 
hold ?or\ghly :ile "w 0 go+ on4 ,!re    
w\ld be no risk ( fire1 & ,i am conv9c$ 
t ! extra leads & lamps w\ld pay =      
!mselves 9 a v %ort "t1 because "w w\ld 
get on m quickly1 & pilf]+ ( ! c>go w\ld
 be 9 a great measure put a /op to4 ,!  
leads = ! holds c\ld be s arrang$ z to  
be q unconnect$ ) ! dynamo :ile at sea1 
s t !re c\ld n be ! remote/ possibility 
( ! curr5t f9d+ its way bel[ :5 n want$4
 ,9 f9e1 !re is no reason :atev] :y a   
%ip's hold %\ld n be light$ up :5       
requir$1 z well z a w>eh\se or /ore on  
%ore4  ,n[1 we w suppose t our          
in/allation is complete1 ready = work+1 

ev]y?+ hav+ be5 pron\nc$ 9 ord] by !    
electrician :o has look$ aft] ! "w4     
,ev5+ is approa*+1 & ! lights w soon be 
requir$2 we mu/ !re=e see t our eng9e & 
dynamo are ready = a />t4 ,if ! eng9e & 
dynamo are sep>ate1 ! belt mu/ be felt1 
to see t x is tight en\gh1 o!rwise x mu/
 be tight5$ by :atev] means are provid$ 
= ! purpose4 ,we mu/ also see t ! eng9e 
& dynamo are prop]ly oil$1 & t ! wor/$s 
are d[n ! tubes ( ! oil-cups1 & work+   
prop]ly1 n dry1 z ,i h kn[n !m to be1 ) 
fatal results to ! dynamo4 ,if !        
lubrication is p]=m$ by means ( tubes   
lead+ to ea* be>+ f an elevat$ oil-box1 
we mu/ see t ! oil really gets to !     
be>+s1 & regulate its fl[ z requir$4 ,! 
commutators & collector-r+s & rubb]s    
require only a wipe ( oil1 j suffici5t  
to prev5t undue we>+ ( ! surfaces2 if   
too mu* is put on !m1 !y w sp>k a great 
deal1 & sp>k+ w we> !m away m quickly   
?an friction4 ,! bru%es ( copp] wire :i*
 collect ! curr5t ( ! excit] dynamo1 &  
o!rs ( simil> patt]n1 mu/ be plac$ s t !

 ends press on ! commutator z %[n 9     
,fig4 #ba4 ,! ends %\ld project j a     
little way beyond ! po9t or l9e (       
contact1 & :5 ! dynamo is runn+1 !re    
%\ld be v little sp>k+4 ,i am suppos+ t 
our plant consi/s ( an alt]nat+-curr5t  
dynamo ) a small excit]4 ,! wires lead+ 
f ! excit] to ! o!r dynamo rema9 always 
connect$1 z !re is no ne$ = m$dl+ ) !m4 
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ba4  ,illu/ration3
 ,,fig4 #bb4  ,we w n[ />t ! eng9e1 &   
!reby set ! dynamo go+ r\nd1 sl[ly at   
fir/1 & gradually up to ! spe$ requir$4 
,! ma9 swit*es are n yet turn$ on1 s !re
 is no curr5t go+ ?r\gh ! leads z yet2  
:at !n is be+ done8 ,a curr5t is be+    
produc$ by ! excit] only1 & is magnetis+
 ! electro-magnets ( ! l>g] dynamo1 & if
 we want to "k if x is really do+ its "w
 z int5d$1 we j hold a small            
pocket-compass ov] ! ends ( two opposite
 magnets ( ! dynamo1 & obs]ve h[ ! ne$le
 po9ts4 ,x %\ld at once take up !       
position %[n 9 ,fig4 #bb1 & if !n held  
ov] ! next c\ple 9 l mann]1 ! ne$le %\ld

 simply turn r\nd1 & po9t 9 exactly !   
opposite direction4 ,if x po9ts 9 any   
o!r direction1 !re is some?+ wrong ) !  
connections4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! connections  
are "r at />t+1 !y w ( c\rse rema9 "r1 &
 !re %\ld be no ne$ = ?is te/4 ,x is    
well to rememb] t :5 dynamos are work+1 
!y are1 or conta9 = ! "t be+1 v p[]ful  
magnets1 !re=e if we b5d ov] !m to      
exam9e !m1 our wat*es w get magnetis$1  
:i* does n improve _! qualities z       
"t-keep]s4 ,say t our dynamo is n[ go+  
r\nd at ! requir$ spe$1 :i* may be #ejj 
or #fjj revolutions p] m9ute2 ! eng9e is
 n us+ mu* /eam z yet1 because v little 
"w is be+ done4 ,we n[ swit* on a set ( 
lamps2 ?is closes ! circuit1 & ! l>ge   
dynamo beg9s to produce its alt]nat+    
curr5t1 :i* goes ?r\gh ! lamps & lights 
!m up4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 gives ! eng9e m "w  
to d1 & m /eam mu/ be turn$ on1 o!rwise 
! necess>y spe$ w n be kept up4 ,we     
swit* on all ! o!r lamps z requir$1 &   
mu/ see t ! spe$ ( ! dynamo is kept     
con/ant4 ,a diff]5ce ( a few lamps1     

affect+ ! eng9e to a small ext5t only1  
%\ld be comp5sat$ automatically by !    
gov]nor4 ,if ! brighte/ lamps are n     
bright en\gh1 ! spe$ %\ld be increas$ a 
little1 b c>e mu/ be tak5 n to ov]do x1 
because if ! curr5t is too /rong1 "s ( !
 safety fuses w melt1 & ! correspond+   
lamps w g out4 ,x mu/ n be inf]r$ f :at 
,i h said1 t x is necess>y to run !     
dynamo at fir/ )\t swit*+ on any lamps4 
,on ! contr>y1 a bett] effect w be      
produc$ if all ! lamps are swit*$ on    
be=e />t+1 z !y w !n gradually "w up to 
_! full brilliancy2 :]eas1 if "o set (  
lamps is />t$ fir/1 & run bright1 & we  
!n swit* on ano!r set1 ! curr5t at fir/ 
w be too small = ! two sets1 & ! fir/   
set w get q dull1 rema9+ s until !      
dynamo is go+ at its prop] spe$ aga94   
,:5 light$ up = ! fir/ "t1 x w be f\nd t
 "s ( ! lamps are mu* bright] ?an o!rs2 
?is is because ! lamps at pres5t made   
are n ( p]fectly equal resi/ances4 ,we  
mu/ g r\nd1 !n1 & note :]e ! dull ones  
are1 & we c ei!r at once1 or dur+ next  

day1 %ift !m into ! ba?rooms & places   
:]e su* a p]fect light is n requir$4    
,all ! lamps 9 "o room1 ! fir/ saloon1  
or music room1 = in/ance1 %\ld be       
equalis$ z mu* z possible1 & 9 su*      
places ! brighte/ %\ld be us$4 ,no?+    
looks worse ?an to see a c\ple ( dull   
lights 9 ! same room z a lot ( bright   
ones4 ,by see+ to ^! matt]s we c make ! 
light+ mu* m satisfactory ?an x o!rwise 
w\ld be4 ,dur+ ! fir/ few ev5+s we %all 
probably h "s ( ! lamps g out ?r\gh !   
filam5ts break+4 ,?is ,i consid] a we$+ 
out ( defective lamps1 because if x 7 t 
! curr5t 0 too /rong1 ! fuses w\ld h    
giv5 way4 ,"s ( ! fuses give way :5 !   
curr5t is n too /rong2 ?is is ow+ to    
imp]fections 9 ! fuses1 & !y mu/ be     
replac$ by sp>e ones4 ,= ! sake (       
economy1 x is well n to run ! lamps too 
bright4 ,)\t giv+ ! lamps ! maximum     
curr5t a v good light c be obta9$1 & !y 
w la/ all ! long]4 ,i ne$ h>dly say t   
!re is a m$ium 9 ?is z 9 ev]y?+ else1 & 
x does n look well :5 a c&le is plac$   

alongside ( an electric lamp to enable a
 p]son to read or write 9 com=t4  ,all  
?is "t ! dynamo is runn+1 & we mu/ feel 
! be>+s occasionally to see if !y are   
keep+ cool4 ,!re w be no tr\ble if !    
lubrication is all "r4 ,if ! oil does n 
get into ! be>+s z x %\ld d1 !y w heat1 
jam ! sp9dle1 or seize1 & br+ up ! eng9e
 or break ! belt4 ,! lights w !n all g  
out1 & ev]ybody w say h>d ?+s ( !       
electric light1 :ile ! fault really re/s
 ) u4 ,sometimes seiz+ occurs ?r\gh !   
sp9dle n be+ slack en\gh 9 ! be>+s1 b   
?is g5]ally occurs :ile te/+ ! dynamo at
 ! works4  ,x mu/ be borne 9 m9d t 9    
dynamos ! sp9dle mu/ be a good fit1 &   
!re may be room 9 ! be>+s = ord9>y      
eng9e-oil :ile !re may n be = a ?ick]   
oil1 su* z ca/or oil4 ,!re=e1 if ! be>+s
 %[ a t5d5cy to heat1 x may improve     
matt]s to ?9 ! oil us$ ) petroleum4     
,:ile giv+ ! dynamo its prop] supply (  
oil1 we mu/ only apply x 9 ! prop]      
places4 ,if we let ! bobb9s get smo!r$ 9
 oil1 ! insulat+ mat]ial on ! wire w get

 rott$1 & a %ort circuit+ w probably    
take place4 ,! dynamo _c be kept too    
clean1 & !re %\ld be a canvas cov] to   
put ov] x :ile n 9 use1 especially :ile 
coal+4 ,we w suppose t all is go+ on "r2
 a /ew>d comes along & says3 ,mr4       
,s-&-s1 ,i _c get ! lamp 9 numb] #f b]? 
to light al?\gh ,i h turn$ ! swit* ! "r 
way4 ,all "r1 ,i w g & look at x1 y     
answ]4 ,n[1 let u see :at is ! matt]4   
,we unhook or unscrew ! lamp1 & look at 
! filam5t2 x is n brok54 ,we replace !  
lamp aga91 & are c>eful t x makes good  
contact2 b /ill no light4 ,let u look at
 ! safety fuse2 :y1 !re is none6 x has  
be5 miss$ out4 ,we get "o ( ! sp>e ones 
out ( our electric /ore1 & put x 9 its  
place1 & ! lamp lights prop]ly at once4 
,we f9d ano!r lamp out1 & look at x4 ,we
 see at once t ! filam5t is brok51 s !re
 is no "q ab\t ?is "o2 x mu/ be *ang$4  
,hallo6 :at is up ) ?is "o8 x goes 9 &  
out all ! "t l a fla% light4 ,! curr5t  
mu/ be gett+ to x all "r1 o!rwise x w\ld
 n light at all4 ,i see :at x is2 x is a

 ,swan lamp1 & ! spr+ is n press+ q     
fairly on x1 s t "o hook is mak+ good   
contact1 :ile ! o!r tight5s & slacks ) !
 vibration ( ! %ip4 ,?is is soon set "r 
by turn+ ! spr+ r\nd a little1 or hook+ 
! lamp ! o!r way4 ,or x is an ,edison   
lamp1 :i* has got slightly unscrew$1 &  
no long] makes good contact at ! back   
end ( ! hold]4 ,9 "s lamp-fitt+s ! ends 
( ! leads are held 9 a spr+ grip 9 !    
base ( ! bracket1 & x may happ5 t !y h  
slipp$ out1 & s brok5 ! circuit1 &      
ext+ui%$ ! light4 ,9 ! ,swan lamps1 &   
o!rs ( a simil> patt]n1 "o ( ! little   
plat9um loops 9 ! base ( ! lamps        
sometimes gets brok5 (f2 ! lamp is !n ( 
no fur!r use4 ,to recapitulate1 if a    
lamp goes out1 ! fir/ ?+ is to see if ! 
filam5t is brok51 next if x makes good  
contact4 ,if x does n !n light up1 see  
if !re is any curr5t gett+ to x2 ?is may
 be f\nd out by t\*+ ! two hooks 9 a    
,swan hold]1 or ! back & side ( an      
,edison screw hold]1 ) a moi/5$ f+]4 ,) 
a curr5t ( #ej volts a slight tickl+    

s5sation w be felt if ! curr5t is pass+ 
?r\gh4 ,if ?is _c be felt1 !re mu/ be "s
 "p or o!r disconnect$1 p]haps ! safety 
fuse has giv5 out1 or ! ends ( ! leads  
got adrift f ! bracket4 ,if 9 any d\bt  
ab\t ! lamp1 try ano!r 9 ! same place4  
,9 "s /eam]s inc&esc5t lamps are us$ 9 !
 side lamps2 !y c easily be fitt$ = ?is 
purpose1 especially :5 ! %ip is provid$ 
) ligh?\ses built 91 z 9 ! ,an*or ,l9e  
/eam]s4 ,two or m inc&esc5t lamps c be  
arrang$ on a small /&1 :i* w slide into 
! lant]n1 tak+ ! place ( ! regulation   
oil lamp1 & connect$ by flexible leads  
to ! o!r leads4 ,x w\ld be easy to put  
six #bj-;c&le p[] lamps 9 a gr\p 9 ea*  
lant]n1 z x does n matt] 9 :at position 
!y are plac$2 two might be us$ on ord9>y
 occasions1 :ile on a foggy night1 !    
:ole six c\ld be swit*$ on4 ,if "o lamp 
w5t out ?r\gh ! filam5t giv+ way1 x w\ld
 n affect ! o!rs1 s t !re w\ld /ill be a
 light 9 ! lant]n4 ,if1 ?r\gh "s        
breakd[n ( ! eng9e or dynamo1 ! electric
 curr5t 7 no long] to be _h1 !n x w\ld  

only be necess>y to )draw ! /& ( lamps1 
& put 9 ! ord9>y regulation oil-lamp4 ,!
 ma/-head lamp c\ld also be fitt$ ) !   
electric light1 z inde$ has already be5 
done4 ,on no acc\nt1 h[ev]1 %\ld an arc 
light be us$1 z besides be+ too dazzl+1 
x is mu* too unc]ta92 9 fact _m o!r     
reasons c\ld be giv5 = reject+ x4 ,x is 
ev5 a "q :e!r x is an advantage to h    
inc&esc5t lamps = a ma/-head light4 ,!re
 is c]ta9ly ! great advantage ( n hav+  
to pull ! lamp up & d[n to trim x1 a r  
risky p]=mance 9 heavy wea!r1 & also ( !
 light n be+ affect$ by any w9d t may   
get into ! lamp2 ?\gh z reg>ds ! fir/1  
,engli% (fic]s w\ld nev] be satisfi$ to 
see a lamp dangl+ on ! /ay all day long1
 z appe>s to be ! cu/om 9 "s =eign      
/eam]s1 besides :i* x w\ld h to be l[]$ 
to be clean$ outside4  ,! pres5t        
ma/-head lights are q p[]ful en\gh      
already1 too mu* s :5 comp>$ ) ! side   
lights4 ,i am n aw>e ( any collisions   
hav+ occurr$ ?r\gh a ma/-head light n   
be+ se5 9 "t1 b h[ _m f ! side lights n 

be+ se56 ,x 0 no d\bt contemplat$1 z    
inde$ ! regulations %[1 t no lights %\ld
 be visible ab\t a vessel1 except !     
regulation lights2 b _m :o h se5 a l>ge 
pass5g] /eam] g pa/ w h notic$ h[ h]    
side 0--"o1 two1 or ?ree r[s ( dazzl+   
bright lights1 & w h look$ almo/ 9 va9 =
 ! gre5 or r$ light dimly visible 9 !   
mid/ ( all ! bright ones4 ,if bright    
electric lights1 !re=e1 are %9+ ?r\gh ! 
ports1 we mu/ h our side lights at lea/ 
z bright1 s z to give !m a *ance ( be+  
se54 ,if electric lamps are us$ z side  
lights1 ! dynamo mu/ be kept runn+ all  
night4 ,if x is ?\ght desirable to put  
out all unnecess>y lights at #aa ,p4,m41
 ! leads c be s arrang$ t ^! lights c be
 all on "o or m circuits1 & ! necess>y  
ones on ano!r4  ,al?\gh ! dynamo w h to 
g at ne>ly ! same spe$ ?r\gh\t ! night1 
x w n h ! same am\nt ( "w to d1 & !     
eng9e w !re=e use mu* less /eam1 !      
consumption be+ 9 proportion to ! numb] 
( lights us$4 ,an economical eng9e] w   
!re=e see t b$room lamps are n kept     

light$ all ! ev5+ )\t any necessity4 ,on
 %ore we %\ld nev] ?9k ( keep+          
gas-lights blaz+ away = no purpose1 & :y
 %\ld we use electricity ) m lavi%ness1 
especially :5 x is s easy to turn a     
light on or (f4 ,! swit*es might )      
advantage be pa9t$ ) ,balma9's lum9\s   
pa9t1 & !re w\ld !n be no tr\ble 9 f9d+ 
!m 9 ! d>k4 ,x is well to "k t on bo>d  
%ip1 probably 9 all cases ( electric    
light+1 !re is no dang] to life to be   
appreh5d$ f t\*+ any ( ! leads :]e b>e1 
or inde$ any "p ( ! dynamos1 z !        
,e4,m4,f4 is usually n m ?an #ej volts4 
,x is be/1 h[ev]1 n to try any          
exp]im5ts1 & x is a good g5]al rule1 n  
to t\* a b>e "p ( a dynamo or lead ) bo?
 h&s at ! same "t4 ,! fe> ( gett+ hurt  
has ! good effect ( keep+ pass5g]s &    
o!rs f m$dl+ ) _! lamps4  ,i h said no?+
 ab\t ! use ( electric lights 9         
b9nacles1 ?\gh x w\ld be a great        
advantage to be able to supply !m ) a   
good /eady light q unaffect$ by w9d4    
,!re is an ob/acle to _! use = ?is      

purpose1 9 t ! electric curr5t be+ us$  
ne> ! compass1 ! latt] is affect$ by x4 
,9 !ory1 an alt]nat+ curr5t %\ld h no   
effect2 b x w\ld require v exhau/ive    
exp]im5ts to be made be=e en\gh         
confid5ce c\ld be inspir$ conc]n+ its   
innoc5ce1 & ,i fancy x w\ld usually be  
look$ ^u ) great suspicion by capta9s & 
(fic]s ( %ips4 ,! dynamo be+ made up (  
p[]ful magnets1 mu/ ( c\rse be always at
 a good di/ance f ! compasses4 ,9 "s    
in/allations on iron /eam]s1 ! return   
leads h be5 disp5s$ )1 ! iron ( ! %ip   
c>ry+ ! curr5t back1 9 ! same way t !   
e>? or sea does x 9 a telegraph circuit4
  ,x is to be obs]v$ t a dynamo ) bru%es
 on ! commutator is n necess>ily a ,bru%
 dynamo z a good _m p seem to ?9k1 !    
latt] be+ nam$ aft] its inv5tor1 ,mr4   
,bru%4  ,a dynamo is n a batt]y z "s p  
call x1 & !re is no ne$ = multiply+     
names4  ,a pocket spe$-indicator %\ld be
 suppli$ = te/+ ! spe$ ( ! dynamo1 to   
see t x is kept up to prop] spe$1 & t ! 
belt 7if us$7 does n slip to an         

unreasonable ext5t4  ,i ?9k ,i h n[ said
 en\gh to r$eem my introductory promise1
 & if ,i h1 s to speak1 let m electric  
light on to a subject previ\sly d>k to a
 good _m p1 ,i %all be well satisfi$ )  
my lab\r1 & ,i hope t ^? :o p]use ?is   
book w be induc$ to g m deeply into !   
subject by means ( ! _m good books :i* h
 be5 writt5 by clev]] m5 ?an ,i1 & :i*  
ent] m ?or\ghly into all its details4   
,illu/ration                            
,,london        ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,,william  
,,cl[es ,,& ,,sons1 ,,limit$1 ,,/am=d   
,,/reet                            ,,&  
,,*>+ ,,cross4                          
,,books ,,relat+                        
,,to                                    
,,appli$ ,,sci5ce1                      
,,publi%$ ,,by                          
,e4  ,f4 ,n4 ,,spon1                    
,,london3 #abe1 ,,/r&4                  
,,new ,,york3 #ce1 ,,murray ,,/reet4    
,a ,pocket-,book = ,*emi/s1 ,*emical    
,manufactur]s1 ,metallurgi/s1 ,dy]s1    
,di/ill]s1 ,brew]s1 ,sug> ,ref9]s1      

,photograph]s1 ,/ud5ts1 etc41 etc4 ,by  
,,?omas ,,bayley1 ,assoc4 ,r4,c4 ,sc4   
,irel&1 ,analytical & ,consult+ ,*emi/ &
 ,assay]4 ,f\r? edition1 ) additions1   
#dcg pp41 royal #cbmo1 roan1 gilt edges1
 #es4       ,,synopsis ,,( ,,cont5ts3   
,atomic ,weights & ,factors--,useful    
,data--,*emical ,calculations--         
,rules = ,indirect ,analysis--,weights &
 ,measures--,!rmomet]s &                
,b>omet]s--,*emical ,physics--,boil+    
,po9ts1 etc4--,solubility (             
,sub/ances--,me?ods ( ,obta9+ ,specific 
,gravity--,conv]sion (                  
,hydromet]s--,/r5g? ( ,solutions by     
,specific ,gravity--,analysis--         
,gas ,analysis--,wat]                   
,analysis--,qualitative ,analysis &     
,reactions--      ,volumetric           
,analysis--,manipulation--,m9]alogy--,as
say+--,alcohol--                        
,be]--,sug>--,miscellane\s ,te*nological
 matt] relat+ to ,pota%1      ,soda1    
,sulphuric ,acid1 ,*lor9e1 ,t>          
,products1 ,petroleum1 ,milk1           

,tall[1 ,photography1 ,prices1 ,wages1  
,app5dix1 etc41 etc4   ,! ,me*anician3  
,a ,treatise on ! ,con/ruction &        
,manipulation ( ,tools1 = ! use &       
in/ruction ( ,"y ,eng9e]s & ,sci5tific  
,amateurs1 compris+ ! ,arts (           
,blacksmi?+ & ,=g+2 ! ,con/ruction &    
,manufacture ( ,h& ,tools1 & ! v>i\s    
,me?ods ( ,us+ & ,gr9d+ !m2 !           
,con/ruction ( ,ma*9e ,tools1 & h[ to "w
 !m2 ,ma*9e ,fitt+ & ,erection2         
description ( ,h& & ,ma*9e ,processes2  
,turn+ & ,screw ,cutt+2 pr9ciples (     
,con/ruct+ & details ( ,mak+ & ,erect+  
,/eam ,eng9es1 & ! v>i\s details ( sett+
 out "w1 etc41 etc4 ,by ,,cam]on        
,,knight1 ,eng9e]4 ,conta9+ #aadg       
illu/rations1 & #cig pages (            
lett]-press1 ,f\r? edition1 #dto1 clo?1 
#ahs4     ,j ,publi%$1 9 ,demy #hvo1    
clo?1 conta9+ #ige pages & #bej         
,illu/rations1 price #gs4 #f;d4         
,,spons' ,,h\sehold ,,manual3       ,a  
,treasury ( ,dome/ic ,receipts & ,guide 
= ,home ,managem5t4       ,,pr9cipal    

,,cont5ts4       ,h9ts = select+ a good 
,h\se1 po9t+ out ! ess5tial             
requirem5ts = a good h\se z to ! ,site1 
,soil1 ,trees1 ,aspect1                 
,con/ruction1 & ,g5]al ,arrangem5t2 )   
in/ructions =      ,r$uc+ ,e*oes1       
,wat]pro(+ ,damp ,walls1 ,cur+ ,damp    
,cell>s4       ,sanitation4--,:at %\ld  
con/itute a good ,sanit>y ,arrangem5t2  
,examples 7) illu/rations7 ( ,well--&   
,ill-dra9$ ,h\ses2 ,h[      to ,te/     
,dra9s2 ,v5tilat+ ,pipes1 etc4          
,wat] ,supply4--,c>e ( ,ci/]ns2 ,s\rces 
( ,supply2 ,pipes2 ,pumps2              
,purification & ,filtration ( ,wat]4    
,v5tilation & ,w>m+4--,me?ods (         
,v5tilat+ )\t caus+      cold draughts1 
by v>i\s means2 ,pr9ciples ( ,w>m+2     
,heal?      ,que/ions2 ,combu/ion2 ,op5 
,grates2 ,op5 ,/oves2 ,fuel ,economis]s2
      ,v>ieties ( ,grates2 ,close-,fire 
,/oves2 ,hot-air ,furnaces2 ,gas        
,heat+2 ,oil ,/oves2 ,/eam ,heat+2      
,*emical ,heat]s2 ,managem5t      (     
,flues2 & ,cure ( ,smoky ,*imneys4      

,light+4--,! be/ me?ods ( ,light+2      
,c&les1 ,oil ,lamps1 ,gas1              
,inc&esc5t ,gas1 ,electric ,light2 ,h[  
to te/ ,gas ,pipes2 ,managem5t      (   
,gas4       ,furniture &                
,decoration4--,h9ts on ! ,selection (   
,furniture2      on ! mo/ approv$ me?ods
 ( ,mod]n ,decoration2 on ! be/         
me?ods ( arrang+ ,bells & ,calls2 ,h[ to
 ,con/ruct an ,electric      ,bell4     
,?ieves & ,fire4--,precautions aga9/    
,?ieves & ,fire2 ,me?ods      (         
,detection2 ,dome/ic ,fire ,escapes2    
,firepro(+ ,clo!s1 etc4       ,!        
,l>d]4--,keep+ ,food fre% = a limit$ "t2
 ,/or+ ,food      )\t *ange1 su* z      
,fruits1 ,vegetables1 ,eggs1 ,honey1    
etc4       ,cur+ ,foods = l5g!n$        
,pres]vation1 z ,smok+1 ,salt+1         
,cann+1 ,pott+1 ,pickl+1 ,bottl+        
,fruits1 etc42 ,jams1 ,jellies1         
,m>malade1 etc4       ,! ,dairy4--,!    
,build+ & ,fitt+ ( ,dairies 9 ! mo/     
approv$ mod]n /yle2 ,butt]-mak+2        
,*eesemak+ & ,cur+4       ,!            

,cell>4--,build+ & ,fitt+2 ,clean+      
,casks & ,bottles2      ,corks & ,cork+2
 ,a]at$ ,dr9ks2 ,syrups = ,dr9ks2 ,be]s2
      ,bitt]s2 ,cordials & ,liqueurs2   
,w9es2 ,miscellane\s ,dr9ks4       ,!   
,pantry4--,bread-mak+2 ,ov5s &          
,pyromet]s2 ,yea/2 ,g]man      ,yea/2   
,biscuits2 ,cakes2 ,fancy ,breads2      
,buns4       ,! ,kit*54--,on ,fitt+     
,kit*5s2 a description ( ! be/          
,cook+ ,ranges1 close & op52 !          
,managem5t & ,c>e ( ,hot      ,plates1  
,bak+ ,ov5s1 ,damp]s1 ,flues1 &         
,*imneys2 ,cook+ by ,gas2      ,cook+ by
 ,oil2 ! ,arts ( ,roa/+1 ,grill+1       
,boil+1 ,/ew+1      ,brais+1 ,fry+4     
,receipts = ,di%es4--,s\ps1 ,fi%1 ,meat1
 ,game1 ,p\ltry1      ,vegetables1      
,salads1 ,pudd+s1 ,pa/ry1 ,confection]y1
 ,ices1 etc41      etc42 ,=eign ,di%es4 
,! ,h\sewife's ,room4--,te/+ ,air1      
,wat]1 & ,foods2 ,clean+      &         
,r5ovat+2 ,de/roy+ ,v]m94               
,h\sekeep+1 ,m>ket+4       ,!           
,d9+-,room4--,dietetics2 ,lay+ & ,wait+ 

at ,table2      ,c>v+2 ,d9n]s1          
,breakfa/s1 ,lun*eons1 ,teas1 ,supp]s1  
etc4       ,! ,draw+-,room4--,etiquette2
 ,danc+2 ,amateur ,!atricals2           
,tricks & ,illusions2 ,games 7indoor74  
,! ,b$room & ,dress+-,room2 ,sleep2 !   
,toilet2 ,dress2 ,buy+      ,clo!s2     
,outfits2 ,fancy ,dress4       ,!       
,nurs]y4--,! ,room2 ,clo?+2 ,wa%+2      
,ex]cise2 ,sleep2      ,fe$+2 ,tee?+2   
,illness2 ,home ,tra9+4       ,!        
,sick-,room4--,! ,room2 ! ,nurse2 ! ,b$2
 ,sick ,room      ,accessories2 ,fe$+   
,pati5ts2 ,invalid ,di%es & ,dr9ks2     
,adm9i/]+ ,physic2 ,dome/ic ,rem$ies2   
,accid5ts & ,em]g5cies2      ,b&ag+2    
,burns2 ,c>ry+ ,injur$ ,p]sons2 ,w\nds2 
,dr[n+2 ,fits2      ,fro/-bites2        
,poisons & ,antidotes2 ,sun/roke2       
,common ,compla9ts2      ,dis9fection1  
etc4       ,! ,ba?-,room4--,ba?+ 9      
,g5]al2 ,managem5t ( ,hot-,wat]         
,sy/em4       ,! ,laundry4--,small      
,dome/ic ,wa%+ ,ma*9es1 & me?ods (      
gett+ up l952 ,fitt+ up & ,work+ a ,/eam

 ,laundry4       ,! ,s*ool-,room4--,!   
,room & its ,fitt+s2 ,tea*+1 etc4       
,! ,playgr\nd4--,air & ,ex]cise2 ,tra9+2
 ,outdoor ,games &      ,sports4        
,! ,workroom4--,d>n+1 ,pat*+1 & ,m5d+   
,g>m5ts4       ,! ,libr>y4-,c>e (       
,books4       ,! ,g>d54--,cal5d> (      
,op]ations = ,lawn1 ,fl[] ,g>d51 &      
,kit*5 ,g>d54       ,!                  
,f>my>d4--,managem5t ( ! ,horse1 ,c[1   
,pig1 ,p\ltry1 ,bees1      etc41 etc4   
,small ,motors4--,a description ( !     
v>i\s small ,eng9es useful      =       
dome/ic purposes1 f #a man to #a horse  
p[]1 work$ by      v>i\s me?ods1 su* z  
,electric ,eng9es1 ,gas ,eng9es1        
,petroleum      ,eng9es1 ,/eam ,eng9es1 
,cond5s+ ,eng9es1 ,wat] ,p[]1 ,w9d      
,p[]1 & ! v>i\s me?ods ( work+ & manag+ 
!m4       ,h\sehold ,law4--,! ,law      
relat+ to ,l&lords & ,t5ants1           
,lodg]s1 ,s]vants1 ,p>o*ial ,au?orities1
 ,juries1 ,insurance1      ,nuisance1   
etc4   ,on ,design+ ,belt ,ge>+4 ,by ,e4
 ,j4 ,,c[l+ ,,wel*1 ,mem4 ,in/4 ,me*4   

,eng9e]s1 ,au?or ( ',design+ ,valve     
,ge>+4' ,fcap4 #hvo1 sew$1 #f;d4   ,a   
,h&book ( ,=mulae1 ,tables1 & ,memor&a1 
= ,ar*itectural ,surveyors & o!rs engag$
 9 ,build+4 ,by ,j4 ,t4 ,,hur/1 ,c4 ,e4 
,f\rte5? edition1 royal #cbmo1 roan1    
#es4       ,x is no disp>agem5t to ! _m 
excell5t publications we ref]      to1  
to say t 9 our op9ion ?is little        
pocket-book ( ,hur/'s      is ! v be/ ( 
!m all1 )\t any exception4 ,x w\ld be   
useless to attempt a recapitulation ( ! 
cont5ts1 = x appe>s      to conta9 almo/
 ev]y?+ t anyone connect$ ) build+      
c\ld require1 &1 be/ ( all1 made up 9 a 
compact =m =      c>ry+ 9 ! pocket1     
measur+ only #e 94 by #c 941 & ab\t     
#a_/d 94 ?ick1 9 a limp cov]4 ,we       
congratulate ! au?or on !      success (
 8 labori\s & practically compil$ little
 book1      :i* has receiv$ unqualifi$ &
 des]v$ praise f e      pr(essional     
p]son to :om we h %[n x4--,! ,dubl9     
,build]4   ,tabulat$ ,weights ( ,angle1 
,tee1 ,bulb1 ,r\nd1 ,squ>e1 & ,flat     

,iron & ,/eel1 & o!r in=mation = ! use (
 ,naval ,ar*itects & ,%ipbuild]s4 ,by   
,c4 ,h4 ,,jordan1 ,m4,i4,n4,a4 ,f\r?    
edition1 #cbmo1 clo?1 #bs4 #f;d4   ,a   
,complete ,set ( ,contract ,docum5ts = a
 ,c\ntry ,lodge1 compris+ ,draw+s1      
,specifications1 ,dim5sions 7=          
quantities71 ,ab/racts1 ,bill (         
,quantities1 ,=m ( ,t5d] & ,contract1 ) 
,notes by ,j4 ,,lean+1 pr9t$ 9 facsimile
 ( ! orig9al docum5ts1 on s+le %eets    
fcap41 9 pap] case1 #ajs4   ,a          
,practical ,treatise on ,heat1 z appli$ 
to ! ,useful ,arts2 = ! ,use ( ,eng9e]s1
 ,ar*itects1 c4 ,by ,,?omas ,,box4 ,)   
#ad plates4 ,?ird edition1 cr[n #hvo1   
clo?1 #abs4 #f;d4   ,a ,descriptive     
,treatise on ,ma!matical ,draw+         
,in/rum5ts3 _! con/ruction1 uses1       
qualities1 selection1 pres]vation1 &    
sugge/ions = improvem5ts1 ) h9ts ^u     
,draw+ & ,col\r+4 ,by ,w4 ,f4 ,,/anley1 
,m4,r4,i4 ,fif? edition1 ) num]\s       
illu/rations1 cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 #es4     
,quantity ,survey+1 ,by ,j4 ,,lean+4 ,) 

#db illu/rations4 ,second edition1      
revis$1 cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 #is4           
,,cont5ts3       ,a complete            
,explanation ( ! ,london ,practice4     
,g5]al ,in/ructions4      ,ord] ( ,tak+ 
,(f4      ,modes ( ,measurem5t ( ! v>i\s
 ,trades4      ,use & ,wa/e4            
,v5tilation & ,w>m+4      ,cr$its1 )    
v>i\s ,examples ( ,treatm5t4            
,abbreviations4      ,squ>+ !           
,dim5sions4      ,ab/ract+1 ) ,examples 
9 illu/ration ( ea* ,trade4      ,bill+4
      ,examples ( ,preambles to ea*     
,trade4      ,=m = a ,bill (            
,quantities4         ,d4     ,bill (    
,cr$its4         ,d4     ,bill =        
,alt]native ,e/imate4      ,re/orations 
& ,repairs1 & ,=m ( ,bill4              
,v>iations be=e ,acceptance ( ,t5d]4    
,errors 9 a ,build]'s ,e/imate4         
,s*$ule ( ,prices4      ,=m ( ,s*$ule ( 
,prices4      ,analysis ( ,s*$ule (     
,prices4      ,adju/m5t ( ,acc\nts4     
,=m ( a ,bill ( ,v>iations4      ,rem>ks
 on ,specifications4      ,prices &     

,valuation ( ,"w1 ) ,examples & ,rem>ks 
^u ea*        ,trade4      ,! ,law z x  
affects ,quantity ,surveyors1 ) ,law    
,reports4      ,tak+ ,(f aft] ! ,old    
,me?od4      ,nor!rn ,practice4      ,! 
,g5]al ,/atem5t ( ! ,me?ods recomm5d$ by
 ! ,man*e/]        ,society ( ,ar*itects
 = tak+ ,quantities4      ,examples (   
,collections4      ,examples ( ,tak+ ,(f
 9 ea* ,trade4      ,rem>ks on ! ,pa/ & 
,pres5t ,me?ods ( ,e/imat+4   ,spons'   
,ar*itects' & ,build]s' ,pocket-,book ( 
,prices & ,memor&a4 ,edit$ by ,w4 ,,"y1 
,ar*itect4 ,cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 ,publi%$   
annually4 ,fifte5? edition4 ,n[ ready4  
,long-,span ,railway ,bridges1 compris+ 
,inve/igations ( ! ,comp>ative          
,!oretical & ,practical ,advantages ( ! 
v>i\s adopt$ or propos$ ,type ,sy/ems ( 
,con/ruction1 ) num]\s ,=mulae & ,tables
 giv+ ! weight ( ,iron or ,/eel requir$ 
9 ,bridges f #cjj feet to ! limit+      
,spans2 to :i* are add$ simil>          
,inve/igations & ,tables relat+ to      
,%ort-span ,railway ,bridges4 ,second & 

revis$ edition4 ,by ,b4 ,,bak]1 ,assoc4 
,in/4 ,c4,e4 ,plates1 cr[n #hvo1 clo?1  
#es4   ,elem5t>y ,!ory & ,calculation ( 
,iron ,bridges & ,ro(s4 ,by ,,augu/     
,,ritt]1 ,ph4,d41 ,pr(essor at !        
,polyte*nic ,s*ool at ,aix-la-,*apelle4 
,translat$ f ! ?ird ,g]man edition1 by  
,h4 ,r4 ,,sankey1 ,capt4 ,r4,e4 ,) #ejj 
illu/rations1 #hvo1 clo?1 #aes4   ,!    
,elem5t>y ,pr9ciples ( ,c>p5try4 ,by    
,,?omas ,,tr$gold4 ,revis$ f ! orig9al  
edition1 & p>tly re-writt51 by ,,john   
,,?omas ,,hur/4 ,conta9$ 9 #eag pages ( 
lett]-press1 & illu/rat$ ) #dh plates & 
#aej wood engrav+s4 ,six? edition1      
repr9t$ f ! ?ird1 cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 #abs4
 #f;d4       ,section ,i4 ,on !         
,equality & ,di/ribution (              
,=ces--,section ,,ii4      ,resi/ance ( 
,timb]--,section ,,iii4 ,con/ruction (  
,floors--,section      ,,iv4            
,con/ruction ( ,ro(s--,section ,v4      
,con/ruction ( ,domes &                 
,cupolas--,section ,,vi4 ,con/ruction ( 
,p>titions--,section ,,vii4             

,scaffolds1 ,/ag+1 & ,gantries--,section
 ,,viii4 ,con/ruction (      ,c5tres =  
,bridges--,section ,,ix4 ,c(f]-dams1    
,%or+1 &      ,/rutt+--,section ,x4     
,wood5 ,bridges & ,viaducts--,section   
,,xi4      ,jo9ts1 ,/raps1 & o!r        
,fa/5+s--,section ,,xii4 ,timb]4   ,!   
,build]'s ,cl]k3 a ,guide to !          
,managem5t ( a ,build]'s ,bus9ess4 ,by  
,,?omas ,,bales4 ,fcap4 #hvo1 clo?1 #as4
 #f;d4   ,our ,factories1 ,work%ops1 &  
,w>eh\ses3 _! ,sanit>y & ,fire-,resi/+  
,arrangem5ts4 ,by ,b4 ,h4 ,?waite1      
,assoc4 ,mem4 ,in/4 ,c4,e4 ,) #ahc wood 
engrav+s1 cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 #is4   ,gold3
 ,its ,occurr5ce & ,extraction1 embrac+ 
! ,geographical & ,geological           
,di/ribution & ! ,m9]alogical ,*>act]s (
 ,gold-be>+ rocks2 ! peculi> features & 
modes ( work+ ,%all[ ,plac]s1 ,riv]s1 & 
,deep ,leads2 ,hydraulic+2 ! ,r$uction &
 ,sep>ation ( ,aurif]\s ,qu>tz2 !       
treatm5t ( complex ,aurif]\s ores       
conta9+ o!r metals2 a ,bibliography ( ! 
subject & a ,gloss>y ( ,te*nical &      

,=eign ,t]ms4 ,by ,alfr$ ,g4 ,lock1     
,f4,r4,g4,s4 ,) num]\s illu/rations &   
maps1 #abej pp41 sup]-royal #hvo1 clo?1 
#bl4 #abs4 #f;d4   ,iron ,ro(s3         
,examples ( ,design1 ,description4      
,illu/rat$ ) #fd ,work+ ,draw+s (       
,execut$ ,ro(s4 ,by ,,ar?ur ,t4         
,,walmisley1 ,assoc4 ,mem4 ,in/4 ,c4,e4 
,second edition1 revis$1 imp4 #dto1     
half-morocco1 #cl4 #cs4   ,a ,hi/ory (  
,electric ,telegraphy1 to ! ,ye> #ahcg4 
,*iefly compil$ f ,orig9al ,s\rces1 &   
hi!rto ,unpubli%$ ,docum5ts1 by ,j4 ,j4 
,,fahie1 ,mem4 ,soc4 ( ,tel4 ,eng9e]s1 &
 ( ! ,int]national ,society (           
,electricians1 ,p>is4 ,cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 
#is4   ,spons' ,in=mation = ,colonial   
,eng9e]s4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,t4 ,,hur/4     
,demy #hvo1 sew$4       ,no4 #a1        
,ceylon4 ,by ,,abraham ,,deane1 ,c4,e4  
#bs4 #f;d4       ,,cont5ts3             
,introductory ,rem>ks--,natural         
,productions--,ar*itecture &            
,eng9e]+--,topography1 ,trade1 &        
,natural ,hi/ory--,pr9cipal             

,/ations--,weights & ,measures1 etc41   
etc4       ,no4 #b4 ,s\!rn ,africa1     
includ+ ! ,cape ,colony1 ,natal1 & !    
,dut* ,republics4 ,by ,,h5ry ,,hall1    
,f4,r4,g4,s41 ,f4,r4,c4,i4 ,) ,map4 #cs4
      #f;d4       ,,cont5ts3            
,g5]al ,description ( ,s\?              
,africa--,physical ,geography )         
ref]5ce to ,eng9e]+ ,op]ations--,notes  
on ,lab\r & ,mat]ial      9 ,cape       
,colony--,geological ,notes on ,rock    
,=mation 9 ,s\?      ,africa--,eng9e]+  
,in/rum5ts = ,use 9 ,s\?                
,africa--,pr9cipal      ,public ,works 9
 ,cape ,colony3 ,railways1 ,m\nta9      
,roads & ,passes1      ,h>b\r ,works1   
,bridges1 ,gas ,works1 ,irrigation &    
,wat] ,supply1      ,ligh?\ses1 ,dra9age
 & ,sanit>y ,eng9e]+1 ,public ,build+s1 
,m9es--,table ( ,woods 9 ,s\?           
,africa--,animals us$ = ,draught        
,purposes--,/ati/ical ,notes--,table (  
,di/ances--,rates ( ,c>riage1      etc4 
,no4 #c4 ,india4 ,by ,f4 ,c4 ,,danv]s1  
,assoc4 ,in/4 ,c4,e4 ,) ,map4 #ds4      

#f;d4       ,,cont5ts3       ,physical  
,geography ( ,india--,build+            
,mat]ials--,roads--,railways--          
,bridges--,irrigation--,riv]            
,works--,h>b\rs--,ligh?\se ,build+s--   
,native ,lab\r--,! ,pr9cipal ,trees (   
,india--,money--,weights &              
,measures--,gloss>y ( ,indian ,t]ms1    
etc4   ,a ,practical ,treatise on ,coal 
,m9+4 ,by ,,george ,g4 ,,&re1 ,f4,g4,s41
 ,assoc4 ,in/4 ,c4,e41 ,memb] ( !       
,society ( ,eng9e]s4 ,) #hb li?ographic 
plates4 #b vols41 royal #dto1 clo?1 #cl4
 #abs4   ,a ,practical ,treatise on     
,ca/+ & ,f\nd+1 includ+ descriptions ( !
 mod]n ma*9]y employ$ 9 ! art4 ,by ,n4  
,e4 ,,spretson1 ,eng9e]4 ,?ird edition1 
) #hb plates drawn to scale1 #dab pp41  
demy #hvo1 clo?1 #ahs4   ,!             
,depreciation ( ,factories & _!         
,valuation4 ,by ,,ew+ ,,ma!son1 ,m4     
,in/4 ,c4,e4 #hvo1 clo?1 #fs4   ,a      
,h&book ( ,electrical ,te/+4 ,by ,h4 ,r4
 ,,kempe1 ,m4,s4,t4,e4 ,f\r? edition1   
revis$ & enl>g$1 cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 #afs4 

,gas ,works3 _! ,arrangem5t1            
,con/ruction1 ,plant1 & ,ma*9]y4 ,by ,f4
 ,,coly]1 ,m4 ,in/4 ,c4,e4 ,) #ca fold+ 
plates1 #hvo1 clo?1 #bds4   ,! ,cl]k (  
,works3 a ,vade-,mecum = all engag$ 9 ! 
,sup]9t5d5ce ( ,build+ ,op]ations4 ,by  
,g4 ,g4 ,,hosk9s1 ,f4,r4,i4,b4,a4 ,?ird 
edition1 fcap4 #hvo1 clo?1 #as4 #f;d4   
,am]ican ,f\ndry ,practice3 ,treat+ (   
,loam1 ,dry ,s&1 & ,gre5 ,s& ,m\ld+1 &  
conta9+ a ,practical ,treatise ^u !     
,managem5t ( ,cupolas1 & ! ,melt+ (     
,iron4 ,by ,t4 ,d4 ,,we/1 ,practical    
,iron ,m\ld] & ,f\ndry ,=eman4 ,second  
edition1 ) num]\s illu/rations1 cr[n    
#hvo1 clo?1 #ajs4 #f;d4   ,! ,ma9t5ance 
( ,macadamis$ ,roads4 ,by ,t4           
,,codr+ton1 ,m4,i4,c4,e1 ,f4,g4,s41     
,g5]al ,sup]9t5d5t ( ,c\nty ,roads =    
,s\? ,wales4 #hvo1 clo?1 #fs4           
,hydraulic ,/eam & ,h& ,p[] ,lift+ &    
,press+ ,ma*9]y4 ,by ,,fr$]ick ,,coly]1 
,m4 ,in/4 ,c4,e41 ,m4 ,in/4 ,m4,e4 ,)   
#gc plates1 #hvo1 clo?1 #ahs4   ,pumps &
 ,pump+ ,ma*9]y4 ,by ,f4 ,,coly]1       

,m4,i4,c4,e41 ,m4,i4,m4,e4 ,) #bc fold+ 
plates1 #hvo1 clo?1 #abs4 #f;d4   ,pumps
 & ,pump+ ,ma*9]y4 ,by ,f4 ,,coly]4     
,second ,"p4 ,) #aa l>ge plates1 #hvo1  
clo?1 #abs4 #f;d4   ,a ,treatise on !   
,orig91 ,progress1 ,prev5tion1 & ,cure (
 ,dry ,rot 9 ,timb]2 ) ,rem>ks on !     
,means ( ,pres]v+ ,wood f ,de/ruction by
 ,sea-,worms1 ,beetles1 ,ants1 etc4 ,by 
,,?omas ,,all5 ,,britton1 late ,surveyor
 to ! ,metropolitan ,bo>d ( ,works1     
etc41 etc4 ,) #aj plates1 cr[n #hvo1    
clo?1 #gs4 #f;d4   ,! ,municipal &      
,sanit>y ,eng9e]'s ,h&book4 ,by ,h4     
,,p]cy ,,b\lnois1 ,mem4 ,in/4 ,c4,e41   
,bor\gh ,eng9e]1 ,portsm\?4 ,) num]\s   
illu/rations1 demy #hvo1 clo?1 #abs4    
#f;d4       ,,cont5ts3       ,!         
,appo9tm5t & ,duties ( ! ,t[n           
,surveyor--,traffic--      ,macadamis$  
,roadways--,/eam ,roll+--,road ,metal & 
,break+--      ,pit*$                   
,pavem5ts--,asphalte--,wood             
,pavem5ts--,footpa?s--,k]bs &           
,gutt]s--,/reet ,nam+ & ,numb]+--,/reet 

,light+--,sew]age--      ,v5tilation (  
,sew]s--,disposal ( ,sewage--,h\se      
,dra9age--      ,dis9fection--,gas &    
,wat] ,companies1 etc41 ,break+ up      
,/reets--      ,improvem5t ( ,private   
,/reets--,borr[+ ,p[]s--,artizans' &    
,lab\r]s' ,dwell+s--,public             
,conv5i5ces--,scav5g+1 includ+          
,/reet ,cleans+--,wat]+ & ! ,remov+ (   
,sn[--,plant+      ,/reet               
,trees--,deposit ( ,plans--,dang]\s     
,build+s--,ho>d+s--                     
,ob/ructions--,improv+ ,/reet           
,l9es--,cell> ,op5+s--,public           
,pleasure                               
,gr\nds--,cemet]ies--,mortu>ies--,cattle
 & ,ord9>y      ,m>kets--,public        
,slaught]-h\ses1 etc4--,giv+ num]\s ,=ms
      ( ,notices1 ,specifications1 &    
,g5]al ,in=mation ^u ^!      & o!r      
subjects ( great importance to          
,municipal ,eng9e]s &      o!rs engag$ 9
 ,sanit>y ,"w4   ,metrical ,tables4 ,by 
,g4 ,l4 ,,moleswor?1 ,m4,i4,c4,e4 #cbmo1
 clo?1 #as4 #f;d4       ,,cont5ts3      

,g5]al--,l9e> ,measures--,squ>e         
,measures--,cubic ,measures--,measures  
(                                       
,capacity--,weights--,comb9ations--,!rmo
met]s4   ,elem5ts ( ,con/ruction =      
,electro-,magnets4 ,by ,c\nt ,,?4 ,,du  
,,moncel1 ,mem4 de ,i'ln/itut de        
,france4 ,translat$ f ! ,fr5* by ,c4 ,j4
 ,,:>ton4 ,cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 #ds4 #f;d4  
,practical ,electrical ,units ,popul>ly 
,expla9$1 ) num]\s illu/rations &       
,rem>ks4 ,by ,,james ,,sw9burne1 late ( 
,j4 ,w4 ,swan & ,co41 ,p>is1 late (     
,bru%-,swan ,electric ,light ,company1  
,u4,s4,a4 #ahmo1 clo?1 #as4 #f;d4   ,a  
,treatise on ! ,use ( ,belt+ = !        
,transmission ( ,p[]4 ,by ,j4 ,h4       
,,coop]4 ,second edition1 illu/rat$1    
#hvo1 clo?1 #aes4   ,a ,pocket-,book (  
,useful ,=mulae & ,memor&a = ,civil &   
,me*anical ,eng9e]s4 ,by ,,guil=d ,l4   
,,moleswor?1 ,mem4 ,in/4 ,c4,e41        
,consult+ ,eng9e] to ! ,gov]nm5t (      
,india = ,/ate ,railways4 ,) num]\s     
illu/rations1 #gdd pp4 ,tw5ty-fir/      

edition1 revis$ & enl>g$1 #cbmo1 roan1  
#fs4       ,,synopsis ,,( ,,cont5ts3    
,survey+1 ,levell+1 etc4--,/r5g? &      
,weight ( ,mat]ials--      ,e>?work1    
,brickwork1 ,masonry1 ,ar*es1           
etc4--,/ruts1 ,columns1      ,beams1 &  
,trusses--,floor+1 ,ro(+1 & ,ro(        
,trusses--,gird]s1      ,bridges1       
etc4--,railways & ,roads--,hydraulic    
,=mulae--,canals1      ,sew]s1          
,wat]works1 ,docks--,irrigation &       
,breakwat]s--,gas1      ,v5tilation1 &  
,w>m+--,heat1 ,light1 ,col\r1 &         
,s\nd--,gravity3      ,c5tres1 ,=ces1 & 
,p[]s--,millwork1 ,tee? ( ,:eels1       
,%aft+1      etc4--,work%op             
,recipes--,sundry ,ma*9]y--,animal      
,p[]--,/eam &      ! ,/eam              
,eng9e--,wat]-p[]1 ,wat]-:eels1         
,turb9es1 etc4--,w9d      &             
,w9dmills--,/eam ,navigation1 ,%ip      
,build+1 ,tonnage1 etc4--      ,gunn]y1 
,projectiles1 etc4--,weights1 ,measures1
 & ,money--      ,trigonometry1 ,conic  
,sections1 &                            

,curves--,telegraphy--,m5suration--     
,tables ( ,areas & ,circumf]5ce1 & ,arcs
 ( ,circles--,log>i?ms1      ,squ>e &   
,cube ,roots1 ,p[]s--,reciprocals1      
etc4--,useful ,numb]s--      ,diff]5tial
 & ,integral ,calculus--,algebraic      
,signs--,telegraphic      ,con/ruction &
 ,=mulae4   ,h9ts on ,ar*itectural      
,draughtsman%ip4 ,by ,g4 ,w4 ,,tux=d    
,,hallatt4 ,fcap4 #hvo1 clo?1 #as4 #f;d4
   ,spons' ,tables & ,memor&a =         
,eng9e]s2 select$ & arrang$ by ,j4 ,t4  
,,hur/1 ,c4,e41 ,au?or ( ',ar*itectural 
,surveyors' ,h&book1' ',hur/'s          
,tr$gold's ,c>p5try1' etc4 ,n9? edition1
 #fdmo1 roan1 gilt edges1 #as42 or 9    
clo? case1 #as4 #f;d4       ,?is "w is  
pr9t$ 9 a pe>l type1 & is s small1      
measur+      only #b-a_/b 94 by #a-a_/d 
94 by #a_/d 94 ?ick1 t x may be easily  
c>ri$ 9 ! wai/coat pocket4       ,x is  
c]ta9ly an extremely r>e ?+ = a review] 
to be      call$ ^u to notice a volume  
measur+ b #b-a_/b 94 by #a-a_/d      941
 yet ^! dim5sions fai?fully repres5t !  

size ( !      h&y little book be=e u4 ,!
 volume--:i* conta9s #aah pr9t$         
pages1 besides a few blank pages =      
memor&a--is1 9 fact1 a true             
pocket-book1 adapt$ = be+ c>ri$ 9 !     
wai/coat pocket1 &      conta9+ a f>    
great] am\nt & v>iety ( in=mation ?an   
mo/ p w\ld imag9e c\ld be compress$ into
 s small a      space4444 ,! little     
volume has be5 compil$ ) consid]able    
c>e & judgm5t1 & we c cordially recomm5d
 x to our read]s      z a useful little 
pocket companion4--,eng9e]+4   ,a       
,practical ,treatise on ,natural &      
,artificial ,concrete1 its ,v>ieties &  
,con/ructive ,adaptations4 ,by ,,h5ry   
,,reid1 ,au?or ( ! ',sci5ce & ,art ( !  
,manufacture ( ,portl& ,cem5t4' ,new    
,edition1 ) #ei woodcuts & #e plates1   
#hvo1 clo?1 #aes4   ,notes on ,concrete 
& ,works 9 ,concrete2 especially writt5 
to assi/ ^? engag$ ^u ,public ,works4   
,by ,,john ,,newman1 ,assoc4 ,mem4 ,in/4
 ,c4,e41 cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 #ds4 #f;d4    
,electricity z a ,motive ,p[]4 ,by ,c\nt

 ,,?4 ,,du ,,moncel1 ,membre de         
l',in/itut de ,france1 & ,,frank        
,,g]aldy1 ,+5ieur des ,ponts et         
,*aussees4 ,translat$ & ,edit$1 )       
,additions1 by ,c4 ,j4 ,,:>ton1 ,assoc4 
,soc4 ,tel4 ,eng4 & ,elec4 ,) #aac      
engrav+s & diagrams1 cr[n #hvo1 clo?1   
#gs4 #f;d4   ,treatise on ,valve-,ge>s1 
) special consid]ation ( ! ,l9k-,motions
 ( ,locomotive ,eng9es4 ,by ,dr4 ,,gu/av
 ,,zeun]1 ,pr(essor ( ,appli$ ,me*anics 
at ! ,conf$]at$ ,polyte*nikum ( ,zuri*4 
,translat$ f ! ,f\r? ,g]man ,edition1 by
 ,pr(essor ,j4 ,f4 ,,kle91 ,lehigh      
,univ]sity1 ,be?lehem1 ,pa4 ,illu/rat$1 
#hvo1 clo?1 #abs4 #f;d4   ,!            
,fr5*-,poli%]'s ,manual4 ,by a          
,fr5*-,poli%]2 conta9+ ,timb] ,/a9+1    
,wa%+1 ,mat*+1 ,improv+1 ,pa9t+1        
,imitations1 ,directions = ,/a9+1 ,siz+1
 ,embody+1 ,smoo?+1 ,_s ,v>ni%+1        
,fr5*-,poli%+1 ,directions = ,re-poli%+4
 ,?ird edition1 royal #cbmo1 sew$1 #f;d4
   ,hops1 _! ,cultivation1 ,comm]ce1 &  
,uses 9 v>i\s ,c\ntries4 ,by ,p4 ,l4    

,,simmonds4 ,cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 #ds4 #f;d4
   ,! ,pr9ciples ( ,graphic ,/atics4 ,by
 ,,george ,,syd5ham ,,cl>ke1 ,capt4     
,royal ,eng9e]s4 ,) #aab illu/rations4  
#dto1 clo?1 #abs4 #f;d4                 
,dynamo-,electric ,ma*9]y3 ,a ,manual = 
,/ud5ts ( ,electro-te*nics4 ,by         
,,silvanus ,p4 ,,?ompson1 ,b4,a41       
,d4,sc41 ,pr(essor ( ,exp]im5tal        
,physics 9 ,univ]sity ,college1 ,bri/ol1
 etc41 etc4 ,second edition1 illu/rat$1 
#hvo1 clo?1 #abs4 #f;d4   ,practical    
,geometry1 ,p]spective1 & ,eng9e]+      
,draw+2 a ,c\rse ( ,descriptive         
,geometry adapt$ to ! ,requirem5ts ( !  
,eng9e]+ ,draughtsman1 includ+ !        
det]m9ation ( ca/ %ad[s & ,isometric    
,projection1 ea* *apt] be+ foll[$ by    
num]\s examples2 to :i* are add$ rules =
 ,%ad+1 ,%ade-l9+1 etc41 toge!r )       
practical in/ructions z to ! ,l9+1      
,col\r+1 ,pr9t+1 & g5]al treatm5t (     
,eng9e]+ ,draw+s1 ) a *apt] on draw+    
,in/rum5ts4 ,by ,,george ,s4 ,,cl>ke1   
,capt4 ,r4,e4 ,second edition1 ) #ba    

plates4 #b vols41 clo?1 #ajs4 #f;d4   ,!
 ,elem5ts ( ,graphic ,/atics4 ,by       
,pr(essor ,,k>l ,,von ,,ott1 translat$ f
 ! ,g]man by ,g4 ,s4 ,,cl>ke1 ,capt4    
,r4,e41 ,in/ructor 9 ,me*anical ,draw+1 
,royal ,indian ,eng9e]+ ,college4 ,) #ic
 illu/rations1 cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 #es4    
,a ,practical ,treatise on !            
,manufacture & ,di/ribution ( ,coal     
,gas4 ,by ,,william ,,ri*>ds4 ,demy     
#dto1 ) num]\s wood engrav+s & #bi      
plates1 clo?1 #bhs4       ,,synopsis ,,(
 ,,cont5ts3       ,introduction--,hi/ory
 ( ,gas ,light+--,*emi/ry ( ,gas        
,manufacture1 by ,lewis ,?ompson1 ,esq41
 ,m4,r4,c4,s4--,coal1 )      ,analyses1 
by ,j4 ,pat]son1 ,lewis ,?ompson1 & ,g4 
,r4 ,hislop1      ,esqrs4--,retorts1    
,iron & ,clay--,retort                  
,sett+--,hydraulic ,ma9--               
,cond5s]s--,exhau/]s--,wa%]s &          
,scrubb]s--,purifi]s--                  
,purification--,hi/ory ( ,gas           
,hold]--,tanks1 ,brick & ,/one1         
,composite1 ,concrete1 ,ca/-iron1       

,comp\nd ,annul> ,wr\ght-iron--         
,specifications--,gas ,hold]s--,/ation  
,met]--,gov]nor--                       
,di/ribution--,ma9s--,gas ,ma!matics1 or
 ,=mulae = !      ,di/ribution ( ,gas1  
by ,lewis ,?ompson1                     
,esq4--,s]vices--,consum]s'             
,met]s--,regulators--,burn]s--,fitt+s--,
photomet]--,c>burization      (         
,gas--,air ,gas & ,wat]                 
,gas--,composition ( ,coal ,gas1 by     
,lewis      ,?ompson1 ,esq4--,analyses (
 ,gas--,influ5ce ( ,atmosph]ic ,pressure
      & ,temp]ature on ,gas--,residual  
,products--,app5dix--,description      (
 ,retort ,sett+s1 ,build+s1 etc41 etc4  
,! ,new ,=mula = ,mean ,velocity (      
,dis*>ge ( ,riv]s & ,canals4 ,by ,w4 ,r4
 ,,kutt]4 ,translat$ f articles 9 !     
',cultur-,+5ieur1' by ,,l[is ,d',a4     
,,jackson1 ,assoc4 ,in/4 ,c4,e4 #hvo1   
clo?1 #abs4 #f;d4   ,! ,practical       
,millwright & ,eng9e]'s ,ready ,reckon]2
 or ,tables = f9d+ ! diamet] & p[] (    
cog-:eels1 diamet]1 weight1 & p[] (     

%afts1 diamet] & /r5g? ( bolts1 etc4 ,by
 ,,?omas ,,dixon4 ,f\r? edition1 #abmo1 
clo?1 #cs4   ,t93 ,describ+ ! ,*ief     
,me?ods ( ,m9+1 ,dress+ & ,smelt+ x     
abroad2 ) ,notes ^u ,ars5ic1 ,bismu? &  
,wolfram4 ,by ,,ar?ur ,g4 ,,*>leton1    
,mem4 ,am]ican ,in/4 ( ,m9+ ,eng9e]s4 ,)
 plates1 #hvo1 clo?1 #abs4 #f;d4        
,p]spective1 ,expla9$ & ,illu/rat$4 ,by 
,g4 ,s4 ,,cl>ke1 ,capt4 ,r4,e4 ,)       
illu/rations1 #hvo1 clo?1 #cs4 #f;d4    
,practical ,hydraulics2 a ,s]ies (      
,rules & ,tables = ! use ( ,eng9e]s1    
etc41 etc4 ,by ,,?omas ,,box4 ,fif?     
edition1 num]\s plates1 po/ #hvo1 clo?1 
#es4   ,! ,ess5tial ,elem5ts (          
,practical ,me*anics2 bas$ on !         
,pr9ciple ( ,"w1 design$ = ,eng9e]+     
,/ud5ts4 ,by ,,oliv] ,,byrne1 =m]ly     
,pr(essor ( ,ma!matics1 ,college =      
,civil ,eng9e]s4 ,?ird edition1 ) #adh  
wood engrav+s1 po/ #hvo1 clo?1 #gs4     
#f;d4       ,,cont5ts3       ,*ap4 #a4  
,h[ ,"w is ,measur$ by a ,unit1 bo? ) & 
)\t      ref]5ce to a ,unit ( ,"t--,*ap4

 #b4 ,! ,"w ( ,liv+ ,ag5ts1      !      
,influ5ce ( ,friction1 & introduces "o (
 ! mo/ beautiful      ,laws (           
,motion--,*ap4 #c4 ,! pr9ciples exp\nd$ 
9 ! fir/ &      second *apt]s are appli$
 to ! ,motion ( ,bodies--,*ap4 #d4 ,!   
,transmission ( ,"w by simple           
,ma*9es--,*ap4 #e4 ,useful              
,propositions & ,rules4   ,brew]ies &   
,malt+s3 _! ,arrangem5t1 ,con/ruction1  
,ma*9]y1 & ,plant4 ,by ,g4 ,,scamell1   
,f4,r4,i4,b4,a4 ,second edition1 revis$1
 enl>g$1 & p>tly rewritt54 ,by ,f4      
,,coly]1 ,m4,i4,c4,e41 ,m4,i4,m4,e4 ,)  
#bj plates1 #hvo1 clo?1 #ahs4   ,a      
,practical ,treatise on ! ,con/ruction (
 ,horizontal & ,v]tical ,wat]:eels1     
specially design$ = ! use ( op]ative    
me*anics4 ,by ,,william ,,cull51        
,millwright & ,eng9e]4 ,) #aa plates4   
,second edition1 revis$ & enl>g$1 small 
#dto1 clo?1 #abs4 #f;d4   ,a ,practical 
,treatise on ,mill-ge>+1 ,:eels1 ,%afts1
 ,rigg]s1 etc42 = ! use ( ,eng9e]s4 ,by 
,,?omas ,,box4 ,?ird edition1 ) #aa     

plates4 ,cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 #gs4 #f;d4    
,m9+ ,ma*9]y3 a ,descriptive ,treatise  
on ! ,ma*9]y1 ,tools1 & o!r ,appliances 
us$ 9 ,m9+4 ,by ,g4 ,g4 ,,&re1          
,f4,g4,s41 ,assoc4 ,in/4 ,c4,e41 ,mem4 (
 ! ,society ( ,eng9e]s4 ,royal #dto1    
uni=m ) ! ,au?or's ,treatise on ,coal   
,m9+1 conta9+ #ahb plates1 accurately   
drawn to scale1 ) descriptive text1 9 #b
 vols41 clo?1 #cl4 #abs4                
,,cont5ts3       ,ma*9]y = ,prospect+1  
,excavat+1 ,haul+1 & ,hoi/+--           
,v5tilation--,pump+--,treatm5t ( ,m9]al 
,products1 includ+      ,gold & ,silv]1 
,copp]1 ,t91 & ,lead1 ,iron1 ,coal1     
,sulphur1      ,*9a ,clay1 ,brick ,e>?1 
etc4   ,tables = ,sett+ out ,curves =   
,railways1 ,canals1 ,roads1 etc41 v>y+ f
 a radius ( five *a9s to ?ree miles4 ,by
 ,a4 ,,k5n$y & ,r4 ,w4 ,,hackwood4      
,illu/rat$1 #cbmo1 clo?1 #bs4 #f;d4   ,!
 ,sci5ce & ,art ( ! ,manufacture (      
,portl& ,cem5t1 ) obs]vations on "s (   
its con/ructive applications4 ,) #ff    
illu/rations4 ,by ,,h5ry ,,reid1 ,c4,e41

 ,au?or ( ',a ,practical ,treatise on   
,concrete1' etc41 etc4 #hvo1 clo?1 #ahs4
   ,! ,draughtsman's ,h&book ( ,plan &  
,map ,draw+2 includ+ in/ructions = !    
prep>ation ( ,eng9e]+1 ,ar*itectural1 & 
,me*anical ,draw+s4 ,) num]\s           
illu/rations 9 ! text1 & #cc plates 7#ae
 pr9t$ 9 col\rs74 ,by ,g4 ,g4 ,,&re1    
,f4,g4,s41 ,assoc4 ,in/4 ,c4,e4 #dto1   
clo?1 #is4       ,,cont5ts3       ,!    
,draw+ ,(fice & its                     
,furni%+s--,geometrical ,problems--     
,l9es1 ,dots1 & _!                      
,comb9ations--,col\rs1 ,%ad+1 ,lett]+1  
,bord]+1 & ,nor?                        
,po9ts--,scales--,plott+--,civil        
,eng9e]s'      & ,surveyors'            
,plans--,map ,draw+--,me*anical &       
,ar*itectural      ,draw+--,copy+ &     
,r$uc+ ,trigonometrical ,=mulae1 etc41  
etc4   ,! ,boil]-mak]'s & ,iron         
,%ip-build]'s ,companion1 compris+ a    
s]ies ( orig9al & c>efully calculat$    
tables1 ( ! utmo/ utility to p]sons     
int]e/$ 9 ! iron trades4 ,by ,,james    

,,fod51 au?or ( ',me*anical ,tables1'   
etc4 ,second edition revis$1 )          
illu/rations1 cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 #es4     
,rock ,bla/+3 a ,practical ,treatise on 
! means employ$ 9 ,bla/+ ,rocks =       
,indu/rial ,purposes4 ,by ,g4 ,g4 ,,&re1
 ,f4,g4,s41 ,assoc4 ,in/4 ,c4,e4 ,) #ef 
illu/rations & #ab plates1 #hvo1 clo?1  
#ajs4 #f;d4   ,pa9t+ & ,pa9t]s' ,manual3
 a ,book ( ,facts = ,pa9t]s & ^? :o ,use
 or ,deal 9 ,pa9t ,mat]ials4 ,by ,c4 ,l4
 ,,condit & ,j4 ,,s*ell]4 ,illu/rat$1   
#hvo1 clo?1 #ajs4 #f;d4   ,a ,treatise  
on ,ropemak+ z practis$ 9 public &      
private ,rope-y>ds1 ) a ,description ( !
 ,manufacture1 ,rules1 ,tables (        
,weights1 etc41 adapt$ to ! ,trade1     
,%ipp+1 ,m9+1 ,railways1 ,build]s1 etc4 
,by ,r4 ,,*apman1 =m]ly =eman to        
,messrs4 ,hudd>t & ,co41 ,limeh\se1 &   
late ,ma/] ,ropemak] to ,h4,m4 ,docky>d1
 ,dept=d4 ,second edition1 #abmo1 clo?1 
#cs4   ,laxton's ,build]s' &            
,contractors' ,tables2 = ! use (        
,eng9e]s1 ,ar*itects1 ,surveyors1       

,build]s1 ,l& ,ag5ts1 & o!rs4           
,bricklay]1 conta9+ #bb tables1 ) ne>ly 
#cj1jjj calculations4 #dto1 clo?1 #es4  
,laxton's ,build]s' & ,contractors'     
,tables4 ,excavator1 ,e>?1 ,l&1 ,wat]1 &
 ,gas1 conta9+ #ec tables1 ) ne>ly      
#bd1jjj calculations4 #dto1 clo?1 #es4  
,sanit>y ,eng9e]+3 a ,guide to !        
,con/ruction ( ,works ( ,sew]age & ,h\se
 ,dra9age1 ) ,tables = facilitat+ !     
calculations ( ! ,eng9e]4 ,by ,,baldw9  
,,la?am1 ,c4,e41 ,m4 ,in/4 ,c4,e41      
,f4,g4,s41 ,f4,m4,s41 ,pa/-,presid5t ( !
 ,society ( ,eng9e]s4 ,second edition1 )
 num]\s plates & woodcuts1 #hvo1 clo?1  
#al4 #ajs4   ,screw ,cutt+ ,tables =    
,eng9e]s & ,ma*9i/s1 giv+ ! values ( !  
diff]5t tra9s ( ,:eels requir$ to       
produce ,screws ( any pit*1 calculat$ by
 ,"l ,l9dsay1 ,m4,p41 ,f4,r4,s41        
,f4,r4,a4,s41 etc4 ,clo?1 oblong1 #bs4  
,screw ,cutt+ ,tables1 = ! use (        
,me*anical ,eng9e]s1 %[+ ! prop]        
arrangem5t ( ,:eels = cutt+ ! ,?reads ( 
,screws ( any requir$ pit*1 ) a ,table =

 mak+ ! ,univ]sal ,gas-pipe ,?reads &   
,taps4 ,by ,w4 ,a4 ,,m>t91 ,eng9e]4     
,second edition1 oblong1 clo?1 #as41 or 
sew$1 #f;d4   ,a ,treatise on a         
,practical ,me?od ( ,design+            
,slide-,valve ,ge>s by ,simple          
,geometrical ,con/ruction1 bas$ ^u !    
pr9ciples enunciat$ 9 ,euclid's         
,elem5ts1 & compris+ ! v>i\s =ms ( ,pla9
 ,slide-,valve & ,expansion ,ge>+2      
toge!r ) ,/eph5son's1 ,goo*'s1 &        
,allan's ,l9k-,motions1 z appli$ ei!r to
 rev]s+ or to v>iable expansion         
comb9ations4 ,by ,,edw>d ,j4 ,,c[l+     
,,wel*1 ,memb4 ,in/4 ,me*anical         
,eng9e]s4 ,cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 #fs4        
,clean+ & ,sc\r+3 a ,manual = ,dy]s1    
,laundresses1 & = ,dome/ic ,use4 ,by ,s4
 ,,*ri/oph]4 #ahmo1 sew$1 #f;d4   ,a    
,gloss>y ( ,t]ms us$ 9 ,coal ,m9+4 ,by  
,,william ,,/ukeley ,,gresley1 ,assoc4  
,mem4 ,in/4 ,c4,e41 ,f4,g4,s41 ,memb] ( 
! ,nor? ( ,engl& ,in/itute ( ,m9+       
,eng9e]s4 ,illu/rat$ ) num]\s woodcuts &
 diagrams1 cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 #es4   ,a   

,pocket-,book = ,boil] ,mak]s & ,/eam   
,us]s1 compris+ a v>iety ( useful       
in=mation = ,employ] & ,workman1        
,gov]nm5t ,inspectors1 ,bo>d ( ,trade   
,surveyors1 ,eng9e]s 9 *>ge ( ,works &  
,slips1 ,=em5 ( ,manufactories1 & !     
g5]al ,/eam-us+ ,public4 ,by ,,maurice  
,,john ,,sexton4 ,second edition1 royal 
#cbmo1 roan1 gilt edges1 #es4           
,electrolysis3 a ,practical ,treatise on
 ,nickel+1 ,copp]+1 ,gild+1 ,silv]+1 !  
,ref9+ ( ,metals1 & ! treatm5t ( ,ores  
by means ( ,electricity4 ,by ,,hippolyte
 ,,fonta9e1 translat$ f ! ,fr5* by ,j4  
,a4 ,,b]ly1 ,c4,e41 ,assoc4 ,s4,t4,e4 ,)
 engrav+s4 #hvo1 clo?1 #is4   ,b>l['s   
,tables ( ,squ>es1 ,cubes1 ,squ>e       
,roots1 ,cube ,roots1 ,reciprocals ( all
 ,integ] ,numb]s up to #aj1jjj4 ,po/    
#hvo1 clo?1 #fs4   ,a ,practical        
,treatise on ! ,/eam ,eng9e1 conta9+    
,plans & ,arrangem5ts ( ,details = ,fix$
 ,/eam ,eng9es1 ) ,essays on !          
,pr9ciples involv$ 9 ,design &          
,con/ruction4 ,by ,,ar?ur ,,rigg1       

,eng9e]1 ,memb] ( ! ,society ( ,eng9e]s 
& ( ! ,royal ,in/itution ( ,great       
,brita94 ,demy #dto1 copi\sly illu/rat$ 
) woodcuts & #if plates1 9 "o ,volume1  
half-b\nd morocco1 #bl4 #bs42 or *eap]  
edition1 clo?1 #bes4       ,?is "w is n1
 9 any s5se1 an elem5t>y treatise1 or   
hi/ory      ( ! /eam eng9e1 b is int5d$ 
to describe examples ( ,fix$      ,/eam 
,eng9es )\t ent]+ into ! wide doma9 (   
locomotive      or m>9e practice4 ,to   
?is end illu/rations w be giv5 ( !      
mo/ rec5t arrangem5ts ( ,horizontal1    
,v]tical1 ,beam1 ,pump+1      ,w9d+1    
,portable1 ,semi-portable1 ,corliss1    
,all51 ,comp\nd1 &      o!r simil>      
,eng9es1 by ! mo/ em95t ,firms 9 ,great 
,brita9      & ,am]ica4 ,! laws relat+  
to ! action & precautions to be         
obs]v$ 9 ! con/ruction ( ! v>i\s        
details1 su* z      ,cyl9d]s1 ,pi/ons1  
,pi/on-rods1 ,connect+-rods1            
,cross-heads1      ,motion-blocks1      
,ecc5trics1 ,simple1 ,expansion1        
,balanc$1 &      ,equilibrium           

,slide-valves1 & ,valve-ge>+ w be       
m9utely dealt      )4 ,9 ?is connection 
w be f\nd articles ^u ! ,velocity      (
 ,reciprocat+ ,p>ts & ! ,mode ( ,apply+ 
! ,indicator1 ,heat      & ,expansion ( 
,/eam ,gov]nors1 & ! l4 ,x is ! writ]'s 
desire to draw illu/rations f e possible
 s\rce1 & give      only ^? rules t     
pres5t practice deems correct4   ,a     
,practical ,treatise on ! ,sci5ce ( ,l& 
& ,eng9e]+ ,survey+1 ,levell+1 ,e/imat+ 
,quantities1 etc41 ) a g5]al description
 ( ! sev]al ,in/rum5ts requir$ =        
,survey+1 ,levell+1 ,plott+1 etc4 ,by   
,h4 ,s4 ,,m]rett4 ,f\r? edition1 revis$ 
by ,g4 ,w4 ,,usill1 ,assoc4 ,mem4 ,in/4 
,c4,e4 #da plates1 ) illu/rations &     
tables1 royal #hvo1 clo?1 #abs4 #f;d4   
,,pr9cipal ,,cont5ts3       ,"p #a4     
,introduction & ! ,pr9ciples (          
,geometry4 ,"p #b4 ,l&      ,survey+2   
compris+ ,g5]al ,obs]vations--,!        
,*a9--,(fsets      ,survey+ by ! ,*a9   
only--,survey+ ,hilly ,gr\nd--,to       
,survey an      ,e/ate or ,p>i% by !    

,*a9 only--,survey+ ) ! ,!odolite--     
,m9+ & ,t[n ,survey+--,railroad         
,survey+--,mapp+--,division      & ,lay+
 out ( ,l&--,obs]vations on             
,enclosures--,plane      ,trigonometry4 
,"p #c4 ,levell+--,simple & ,comp\nd    
,levell+--      ,! ,level               
,book--,p>liam5t>y ,plan &              
,section--,levell+ ) a                  
,!odolite--,gradi5ts--,wood5            
,curves--,to ,lay out a ,railway        
,curve--      ,sett+ out ,wid?s4 ,"p #d4
 ,calculat+ ,quantities g5]ally =       
,e/imates--,cutt+s &                    
,embankm5ts--,tunnels--,brickwork--,iron
work--      ,timb] ,measur+4 ,"p #e4    
,description & ,use ( ,in/rum5ts 9      
,survey+ & ,plott+--,! ,improv$ ,dumpy  
,level--,tr\ghton's      ,level--,!     
,prismatic ,compass--,proportional      
,compass--,box ,sextant--               
,v]ni]--,pantagraph--,m]rett's ,improv$ 
,quadrant--,improv$      ,computation   
,scale--,! ,diagonal ,scale--,/raight   
,edge & ,sector4      ,"p #f4 ,log>i?ms 

( ,numb]s--,log>i?mic ,s9es & ,co-,s9es1
      ,tang5ts & ,co-,tang5ts--,natural 
,s9es & ,co-,s9es--,tables =            
,e>?work1 = ,sett+ out ,curves1 & =     
v>i\s ,calculations1      etc41 etc41   
etc4   ,heal? & ,com=t 9 ,h\se ,build+1 
or ,v5tilation ) ,w>m ,air by           
,self-,act+ ,suction ,p[]1 ) ,review ( !
 mode ( ,calculat+ ! ,draught 9         
,hot-,air ,flues1 & ) "s actual         
,exp]im5ts4 ,by ,j4 ,,drysdale1 ,m4,d41 
& ,j4 ,w4 ,,hayw>d1 ,m4,d4 ,second      
edition1 ) ,supplem5t1 ) plates1 demy   
#hvo1 clo?1 #gs4 #f;d4   ,! ,assay]'s   
,manual3 an ,abridg$ ,treatise on !     
,docima/ic ,exam9ation ( ,ores &        
,furnace & o!r ,artificial ,products4   
,by ,,bruno ,,k]l4 ,translat$ by ,w4 ,t4
 ,,brannt4 ,) #fe illu/rations1 #hvo1   
clo?1 #abs4 #f;d4   ,electricity3 its   
,!ory1 ,s\rces1 & ,applications4 ,by ,j4
 ,t4 ,,sprague1 ,m4,s4,t4,e4 ,second    
edition1 revis$ & enl>g$1 ) num]\s      
illu/rations1 cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 #aes4    
,! ,practice ( ,h& ,turn+ 9 ,wood1      

,ivory1 ,%ell1 etc41 ) ,in/ructions =   
,turn+ su* ,"w 9 ,metal z may be requir$
 9 ! ,practice ( ,turn+ 9 ,wood1 ,ivory1
 etc42 also an ,app5dix on ,ornam5tal   
,turn+4 7,a book = beg9n]s47 ,by        
,,francis ,,camp94 ,?ird edition1 ) wood
 engrav+s1 cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 #fs4        
,,cont5ts3       ,on ,la!s--,turn+      
,tools--,turn+ ,wood--,drill+--,screw   
,cutt+--      ,miscellane\s ,app>atus & 
,processes--,turn+ ,p>ticul> ,=ms--     
,/a9+--,poli%+--,sp9n+                  
,metals--,mat]ials--,ornam5tal          
,turn+1 etc4   ,treatise on ,wat*work1  
,pa/ & ,pres5t4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,h4 ,l4     
,,nel?ropp1 ,m4,a41 ,f4,s4,a4 ,) #cb    
illu/rations1 cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 #fs4     
#f;d4       ,,cont5ts3       ,def9itions
 ( ,words & ,t]ms us$ 9                 
,wat*work--,tools--,"t--      ,hi/orical
 ,summ>y--,on ,calculations ( ! ,numb]s 
= ,:eels      & ,p9ions2 _!             
,proportional ,sizes1 ,tra9s1 etc4--,(  
,dial      ,:eels1 or ,motion ,"w--,l5g?
 ( ,"t ( ,go+ )\t ,w9d+      up--,!     

,v]ge--,! ,horizontal--,! ,duplex--,!   
,lev]--,!      ,*ronomet]--,repeat+     
,wat*es--,keyless ,wat*es--,! ,p5dulum1 
or ,spiral ,spr+--,comp5sation--,jewell+
 ( ,pivot ,holes--                      
,cl]k5well--,fallacies ( !              
,trade--,incapacity ( ,workm5--      ,h[
 to ,*oose & ,use a ,wat*1 etc4         
,algebra ,self-,taught4 ,by ,w4 ,p4     
,,higgs1 ,m4,a41 ,d4,sc41 ,,ll4,d41     
,assoc4 ,in/ ,c4,e41 ,au?or ( ',a       
,h&book ( ! ,diff]5tial ,calculus1' etc4
 ,second edition1 cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 #bs4 
#f;d4       ,,cont5ts3       ,symbols & 
! ,signs ( ,op]ation--,! ,equation & !  
,unkn[n      ,quantity--,positive &     
,negative ,quantities--,multiplication--
      ,involution--,expon5ts--,negative 
,expon5ts--,roots1 & ! ,use      (      
,expon5ts z                             
,log>i?ms--,log>i?ms--,tables (         
,log>i?ms      & ,proportionate         
,p>ts--,trans=mation ( ,sy/em (         
,log>i?ms--      ,common ,uses ( ,common
 ,log>i?ms--,comp\nd ,multiplication &  

! ,b9omial ,!orem--,division1           
,fractions1 & ,ratio--,cont9u$          
,proportion--,! ,s]ies & ! ,summation ( 
! ,s]ies--,limit      ( ,s]ies--,squ>e &
 ,cube ,roots--,equations--,li/ (       
,=mulae1 etc4   ,spons' ,diction>y (    
,eng9e]+1 ,civil1 ,me*anical1 ,milit>y1 
& ,naval2 ) te*nical t]ms 9 ,fr5*1      
,g]man1 ,italian1 & ,spani%1 #cajj pp41 
& ne>ly #hjjj engrav+s1 9 sup]-royal    
#hvo1 9 #h divisions1 #el4 #hs4         
,complete 9 #c vols41 clo?1 #el4 #es4   
,b\nd 9 a sup]ior mann]1 half-morocco1  
top edge gilt1 #c vols41 #fl4 #abs4     
,notes 9 ,me*anical ,eng9e]+4 ,compil$  
pr9cipally = ! use ( ! ,/ud5ts att5d+ ! 
,classes on ?is subject at ! ,city (    
,london ,college4 ,by ,,h5ry ,,adams1   
,mem4 ,in/4 ,m4,e41 ,mem4 ,in/4 ,c4,e41 
,mem4 ,soc4 ( ,eng9e]s4 ,cr[n #hvo1     
clo?1 #bs4 #f;d4   ,canoe & ,boat       
,build+3 a complete ,manual = ,amateurs1
 conta9+ pla9 & compreh5sive directions 
= ! con/ruction ( ,canoes1 ,r[+ & ,sail+
 ,boats1 & ,hunt+ ,craft4 ,by ,w4 ,p4   

,,/eph5s4 ,) num]\s illu/rations & #bd  
plates ( ,work+ ,draw+s4 ,cr[n #hvo1    
clo?1 #gs4 #f;d4   ,proce$+s ( !        
,national ,conf]5ce ( ,electricians1    
,philadelphia1 ,octob] #h? to #ac?1     
#ahhd4 #ahmo1 clo?1 #cs4                
,dynamo-,electricity1 its ,g5]ation1    
,application1 ,transmission1 ,/orage1 & 
,measurem5t4 ,by ,g4 ,b4 ,,prescott4 ,) 
#ede illu/rations4 #hvo1 clo?1 #al4 #as4
   ,dome/ic ,electricity = ,amateurs4   
,translat$ f ! ,fr5* ( ,e4 ,,hospitali]1
 ,editor ( ,l',electrici51 by ,c4 ,j4   
,,:>ton1 ,assoc4 ,soc4 ,tel4 ,eng4      
,num]\s illu/rations4 ,demy #hvo1 clo?1 
#is4       ,,cont5ts3       #a4         
,production ( ! ,electric ,curr5t--#b4  
,electric ,bells--      #c4 ,automatic  
,al>ms--#d4 ,dome/ic ,telephones--#e4   
,electric ,clocks--      #f4 ,electric  
,light]s--#g4 ,dome/ic ,electric        
,light+--#h4 ,dome/ic      ,application 
( ! ,electric ,light--#i4 ,electric     
,motors--      #aj4 ,electrical         
,locomotion--#aa4 ,electrotyp+1 ,plat+1 

&      ,gild+--#ab4 ,electric           
,recreations--#ac4 ,v>i\s applications--
      ,work%op ( ! ,electrician4        
,wr9kles 9 ,electric ,light+4 ,by       
,,v9c5t ,,/eph54 ,) illu/rations4 #ahmo1
 clo?1 #bs4 #f;d4       ,,cont5ts3      
#a4 ,! ,electric ,curr5t & its          
production by ,*emical means--      #b4 
,production ( ,electric ,curr5ts by     
,me*anical means--      #c4             
,dynamo-,electric ,ma*9es--#d4 ,electric
 ,lamps--#e4 ,lead--      #f4 ,%ip      
,light+4   ,! ,practical ,flax ,sp9n]2  
be+ a ,description ( ! ,gr[?1           
,manipulation1 & ,sp9n+ ( ,flax & ,t[4  
,by ,,leslie ,c4 ,,m>%all1 ( ,belfa/4 ,)
 illu/rations4 #hvo1 clo?1 #aes4        
,f\ndations & ,f\ndation ,walls = all   
classes ( ,build+s1 ,pile ,driv+1       
,build+ ,/ones & ,bricks1 ,pi] & ,wall  
con/ruction1 ,mort>s1 ,limes1 ,cem5ts1  
,concretes1 ,/uccos1 c4 #fd             
illu/rations4 ,by ,g4 ,t4 ,,p[ell & ,f4 
,,bauman4 #hvo1 clo?1 #ajs4 #f;d4       
,manual = ,gas ,eng9e]+ ,/ud5ts4 ,by ,d4

 ,,lee4 #ahmo1 clo? #as4   ,hydraulic   
,ma*9]y1 ,pa/ & ,pres5t4 ,a ,lecture    
deliv]$ to ! ,london & ,suburban        
,railway ,(ficials' ,association4 ,by   
,h4 ,,adams1 ,mem4 ,in/4 ,c4,e4 ,fold+  
plate4 #hvo1 sew$1 #as4   ,tw5ty ,ye>s )
 ! ,indicator4 ,by ,,?omas ,,pray1      
,jun41 ,c4,e41 ,m4,e41 ,memb] ( !       
,am]ican ,society ( ,civil ,eng9e]s4 #b 
vols41 royal #hvo1 clo?1 #abs4 #f;d4    
,annual ,/ati/ical ,report ( ! ,secret>y
 to ! ,memb]s ( ! ,iron & ,/eel         
,association on ! ,home & ,=eign ,iron &
 ,/eel ,indu/ries 9 #ahhd4 ,issu$ ,m>*  
#ahhe4 #hvo1 sew$1 #es4   ,bad ,dra9s1 &
 ,h[ to ,te/ !m2 ) ,notes on !          
,v5tilation ( ,sew]s1 ,dra9s1 & ,sanit>y
 ,fitt+s1 & ! ,orig9 & ,transmission (  
,zymotic ,disease4 ,by ,r4 ,,h>ris      
,,reeves4 ,cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 #cs4 #f;d4  
,/&>d ,practical ,plumb+2 be+ a complete
 ,encyclopa$ia = ,practical ,plumb]s &  
,guide = ,ar*itects1 ,build]s1 ,gas     
,fitt]s1 ,hot-wat] ,fitt]s1 ,ironmong]s1
 ,lead ,burn]s1 ,sanit>y ,eng9e]s1 ,z9c 

,work]s1 c4 ,illu/rat$ by ov] #bjjj     
engrav+s4 ,by ,p4 ,j4 ,,davies4 ,vol4   
,i1 royal #hvo1 clo?1 #gs4 #f;d4        
,pneumatic ,transmission ( ,messages &  
,p>cels betwe5 ,p>is & ,london1 via     
,calais & ,dov]4 ,by ,j4 ,b4 ,,b]li]1   
,c4,e4 ,small folio1 sew$1 #f;d4   ,li/ 
( ,te/s 7,reag5ts71 arrang$ 9           
alphabetical ord]1 accord+ to ! names ( 
! orig9ators4 ,design$ especially = !   
conv5i5t ref]5ce ( ,*emi/s1 ,ph>maci/s1 
& ,sci5ti/s4 ,by ,,hans ,m4 ,,wild]4    
,cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 #ds4 #f;d4   ,t5 ,ye>s
 ,exp]i5ce 9 ,works ( ,int]mitt5t       
,d[nw>d ,filtration4 ,by ,j4 ,,bailey   
,,d5ton1 ,mem4 ,in/4 ,c4,e4 ,second     
edition1 ) additions4 ,royal #hvo1 sew$1
 #ds4   ,a ,treatise on ! ,manufacture (
 ,soap & ,c&les1 ,lubricants & ,glyc]94 
,by ,w4 ,,lant ,,c>p5t]1 ,b4,a41 ,b4,sc4
 7late ( ,messrs4 ,c4 ,?omas & ,bro!rs1 
,bri/ol74 ,) illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo1  
clo?1 #ajs4 #f;d4   ,! ,/ability ( ,%ips
 expla9$ simply1 & calculat$ by a new   
,graphic me?od4 ,by ,j4 ,c4 ,,sp5ce1    

,m4,i4,n4,a4 #dto1 sew$1 #cs4 #f;d4     
,/eam ,mak+1 or ,boil] ,practice4 ,by   
,,*>les ,a4 ,,smi?1 ,c4,e4 #hvo1 clo?1  
#ajs4 #f;d4       ,,cont5ts3       #a4  
,! ,nature ( ,heat & ! ,prop]ties (     
,/eam--#b4 ,combu/ion4--      #c4       
,ext]nally ,fir$ ,/ation>y ,boil]s--#d4 
,int]nally ,fir$      ,/ation>y         
,boil]s--#e4 ,int]nally ,fir$ ,portable 
,locomotive &      ,m>9e ,boil]s--#f4   
,design1 ,con/ruction1 & ,/r5g? (       
,boil]s--      #g4 ,proportions ( ,heat+
 ,surface1 ,economic ,evaporation1      
,explosions--#h4 ,miscellane\s ,boil]s1 
,*oice ( ,boil] ,fitt+s      &          
,appurt5ances4   ,! ,fireman's ,guide2 a
 ,h&book on ! ,c>e ( ,boil]s4 ,by       
,,teknolog4 fo]5+5 ,t4 ,i4 ,/ockholm4   
,translat$ f ! ?ird edition1 & revis$ by
 ,,k>l ,p4 ,,dahl/rom1 ,m4,e4 ,second   
edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo1 clo?1 #bs4   ,a   
,treatise on ,mod]n ,/eam ,eng9es &     
,boil]s1 includ+ ,l& ,locomotive1 &     
,m>9e ,eng9es & ,boil]s1 = ! use (      
,/ud5ts4 ,by ,,fr$]ick ,,coly]1 ,m4     

,in/4 ,c4,e41 ,mem4 ,in/ ,m4,e4 ,) #cf  
plates4 #dto1 clo?1 #bes4               
,,cont5ts3       #a4 ,introduction--#b4 
,orig9al ,eng9es--#c4 ,boil]s--#d4      
,high-,pressure      ,beam ,eng9es--#e4 
,corni% ,beam ,eng9es--#f4 ,horizontal  
,eng9es--#g4      ,oscillat+            
,eng9es--#h4 ,v]tical ,high-,pressure   
,eng9es--#i4 ,special      ,eng9es--#aj4
 ,portable ,eng9es--#aa4 ,locomotive    
,eng9es--#ab4 ,m>9e      ,eng9es4       
,/eam ,eng9e ,managem5t2 a ,treatise on 
! ,work+ & ,managem5t ( ,/eam ,boil]s4  
,by ,f4 ,,coly]1 ,m4 ,in/4 ,c4,e41 ,mem4
 ,in/4 ,m4,e4 #ahmo1 clo?1 #bs4   ,l&   
,survey+ on ! ,m]idian & ,p]p5dicul>    
,sy/em4 ,by ,,william ,,p5man1 ,c4,e4   
#hvo1 clo?1 #hs4 #f;d4   ,! ,topograph]1
 8 ,in/rum5ts & ,me?ods1 design$ = ! use
 ( ,/ud5ts1 ,amateur ,photograph]s1     
,surveyors1 ,eng9e]s1 & all p]sons      
int]e/$ 9 ! location & con/ruction (    
works bas$ ^u ,topography4 ,illu/rat$ ) 
num]\s plates1 maps1 & engrav+s4 ,by    
,,lewis ,m4 ,,haupt1 ,a4,m4 #hvo1 clo?1 

#ahs4   ,a ,text-,book ( ,tann+1 embrac+
 ! ,prep>ation ( all k9ds ( ,lea!r4 ,by 
,,h>ry ,r4 ,,proctor1 ,f4,c4,s41 ( ,l[  
,lights ,tann]ies4 ,) illu/rations4     
,cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 #ajs4 #f;d4       ,9  
sup]-royal #hvo1 #aafh pp41 ) #bdjj     
illu/rations1 9 #c   ,divisions1 clo?1  
price #acs4 #f;d4 ea*2 or #a vol41 clo?1
 #bl42   or half-morocco1 #bl4 #hs4     
,a ,,supplem5t   ,,to   ,,spons'        
,,diction>y ,,( ,,eng9e]+4       ,edit$ 
by ,,erne/ ,,spon1 ,,memb4 ,,soc4       
,,eng9e]s4       ,abacus1 ,c\nt]s1 ,spe$
 ,indicators1 & ,slide ,rule4           
,agricultural ,implem5ts & ,ma*9]y4     
,air ,compressors4      ,animal ,*>coal 
,ma*9]y4      ,antimony4      ,axles &  
,axle-boxes4      ,b>n ,ma*9]y4         
,belts & ,belt+4      ,bla/+4 ,boil]s4  
,brakes4      ,brick ,ma*9]y4           
,bridges4      ,cages = ,m9es4          
,calculus1 ,diff]5tial & ,integral4     
,canals4      ,c>p5try4      ,ca/ ,iron4
      ,cem5t1 ,concrete1 ,limes1 &      
,mort>4      ,*imney ,%afts4      ,coal 

,cleans+ & ,wa%+4      ,coal ,m9+4      
,coal ,cutt+ ,ma*9es4      ,coke ,ov5s4 
,copp]4      ,docks4 ,dra9age4          
,dr$g+ ,ma*9]y4      ,dynamo-,electric &
 ,magneto-,electric ,ma*9es4            
,dynamomet]s4      ,electrical ,eng9e]+1
 ,telegraphy1 ,electric ,light+ & its   
practical details1 ,telephones4         
,eng9es1 ,v>ieties (4      ,explosives4 
,fans4      ,f\nd+1 ,m\ld+ & ! practical
 "w ( ! ,f\ndry4      ,gas1 ,manufacture
 (4      ,hamm]s1 ,/eam & o!r ,p[]4     
,heat4 ,horse ,p[]4      ,hydraulics4   
,hydro-geology4      ,indicators4 ,iron4
      ,lifts1 ,hoi/s1 & ,elevators4     
,ligh?\ses1 ,buoys1 & ,beacons4         
,ma*9e ,tools4      ,mat]ials (         
,con/ruction4      ,met]s4      ,ores1  
,ma*9]y & ,processes employ$ to ,dress4 
,pi]s4      ,pile ,driv+4               
,pneumatic ,transmission4      ,pumps4  
,pyromet]s4      ,road ,locomotives4    
,rock ,drills4      ,roll+ ,/ock4       
,sanit>y ,eng9e]+4      ,%aft+4         
,/eel4      ,/eam ,navvy4      ,/one    

,ma*9]y4      ,tramways4      ,well     
,s9k+4    ,london3 ,e4  ,f4 ,n4 ,,spon1 
#abe1 ,/r&4   ,new ,york3 #ce1 ,murray  
,/reet4      ,,n[ ,,complete4    ,)     
ne>ly #aejj illu/rations1 9 sup]-royal  
#hvo1 9 #e ,divisions1   clo?4          
,divisions #a to #d1 #acs4 #f;d4 ea*2   
,division #e1 #ags4 #f;d42   or #b      
vols41 clo?1 ,l#c #ajs4    ,,spons'     
,,encyclopa$ia   ,,( ,,!   ,,indu/rial  
,,arts1 ,,manufactures1 ,,& ,,comm]cial 
,,products4    ,,edit$ ,,by ,c4 ,g4     
,,w>n=d ,,lock1 ,f4,l4,s4       ,among !
 m important ( ! subjects treat$ (1 are 
!      foll[+3--       ,acids1 #bjg pp4 
#bbj figs4      ,alcohol1 #bc pp4 #af   
figs4      ,alcoholic ,liquors1 #ac pp4 
,alkalies1 #hi pp4 #gh figs4            
,alloys4      ,alum4      ,asphalt4     
,assay+4      ,bev]ages1 #hi pp4 #bi    
figs4      ,blacks4      ,blea*+ ,p[d]1 
#ae pp4      ,blea*+1 #ea pp4 #dh figs4 
,c&les1 #ah pp4 #i figs4      ,c>bon    
,bisulphide4      ,celluloid1 #i pp4    
,cem5ts4      ,clay4      ,coal-t>      

,products1 #dd pp4 #ad figs4            
,cocoa1 #h pp4      ,c(fee1 #cb pp4 #ac 
figs4      ,cork1 #h pp4 #ag figs4      
,cotton ,manufactures1 #fb pp4 #eg figs4
      ,drugs1 #ch pp4      ,dye+ &      
,calico ,pr9t+1 #bh pp4 #i figs4        
,dye/uffs1 #af pp4                      
,electro-,metallurgy1 #ac pp4           
,explosives1 #bb pp4 #cc figs4          
,fea!rs4      ,fibr\s ,sub/ances1 #ib   
pp4 #gi figs4      ,floor-clo?1 #af pp4 
#ba figs4      ,food ,pres]vation1 #h   
pp4      ,fruit1 #h pp4      ,fur1 #e   
pp4      ,gas1 ,coal1 #h pp4      ,gems4
      ,glass1 #de pp4 #gg figs4         
,graphite1 #g pp4      ,hair1 #g pp4    
,hair ,manufactures4      ,hats1 #bf pp4
 #bf figs4      ,honey4      ,hops4     
,horn4      ,ice1 #aj pp4 #ad figs4     
,indi>ubb] ,manufactures1 #bc pp4 #ag   
figs4      ,ink1 #ag pp4      ,ivory4   
,jute ,manufactures1 #aa pp41 #aa figs4 
,knitt$ ,fabrics--,hosi]y1 #ae pp4 #ac  
figs4      ,lace1 #ac pp4 #i figs4      
,lea!r1 #bh pp4 #ca figs4      ,l95     

,manufactures1 #af pp4 #f figs4         
,manures1 #ba pp4 #cj figs4             
,mat*es1 #ag pp4 #ch figs4              
,mordants1 #ac pp4      ,n>cotics1 #dg  
pp4      ,nuts1 #aj pp4      ,oils &    
,fatty ,sub/ances1 #abe pp4      ,pa9t4 
,pap]1 #bf pp4 #bc figs4      ,p>aff91  
#h pp4 #f figs4      ,pe>l & ,coral1 #h 
pp4      ,p]fumes1 #aj pp4              
,photography1 #ac pp4 #bj figs4         
,pigm5ts1 #i pp4 #f figs4      ,pott]y1 
#df pp4 #eg figs4      ,pr9t+ &         
,engrav+1 #bj pp4 #h figs4      ,rags4  
,res9\s & ,gummy ,sub/ances1 #ge pp4 #af
 figs4      ,rope1 #af pp4 #ag figs4    
,salt1 #ca pp4 #bc figs4      ,silk1 #h 
pp4      ,silk ,manufactures1 #i pp4 #aa
 figs4      ,sk9s1 #e pp4      ,small   
,w>es1 #d pp4      ,soap & ,glyc]9e1 #ci
 pp4 #de figs4      ,spices1 #af pp4    
,sponge1 #e pp4      ,/>*1 #i pp4 #aj   
figs4      ,sug>1 #aee pp4       #acd   
figs4      ,sulphur4      ,tann91 #ah   
pp4      ,tea1 #ab pp4      ,timb]1 #ac 
pp4      ,v>ni%1 #ae pp4      ,v9eg>1 #e

 pp4      ,wax1 #e pp4      ,wool1 #b   
pp4      ,wooll5 ,manufactures1 #eh pp4 
#ci figs4    ,london3 ,e4  ,f4 ,n4      
,,spon1 #abe1 ,/r&4   ,new ,york3 #ce1  
,murray ,/reet4      ,cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 )
 illu/rations1 #es4    ,,work%op        
,,receipts1   ,,fir/ ,,s]ies4    ,,by   
,,erne/ ,,spon4       ,,synopsis ,,(    
,,cont5ts4       ,bookb9d+4             
,bronzes & ,bronz+4      ,c&les4        
,cem5t4      ,clean+4      ,col\rwa%+4  
,concretes4      ,dipp+ ,acids4         
,draw+ ,(fice ,details4      ,dry+      
,oils4      ,dynamite4                  
,electro-,metallurgy--7,clean+1 ,dipp+1 
,scrat*-bru%+1        ,batt]ies1 ,ba?s1 
& ,deposits ( e description74           
,enamels4      ,engrav+ on ,wood1       
,copp]1 ,gold1 ,silv]1 ,/eel1 & ,/one4  
,et*+ & ,aqua ,t9t4      ,firework      
,mak+--7,rockets1 ,/>s1 ,ra9s1 ,g]bes1  
,jets1        ,t\rbillons1 ,c&les1      
,fires1 ,lances1 ,lights1 ,:eels1       
,fire-balloons1 & m9or ,fireworks74     
,fluxes4      ,f\ndry ,mixtures4        

,freez+4      ,fulm9ates4               
,furniture ,creams1 ,oils1 ,poli%es1    
,lacqu]s1 & ,pa/es4      ,gild+4        
,glass ,cutt+1 ,clean+1 ,fro/+1 ,drill+1
 ,d>k5+1 ,b5d+1        ,/a9+1 & ,pa9t+4 
,glass ,mak+4      ,glues4      ,gold4  
,gra9+4      ,gums4      ,gun ,cotton4  
,gunp[d]4      ,horn ,work+4            
,indi>ubb]4      ,japans1 ,japann+1 &   
k9dr$ processes4      ,lacqu]s4         
,la?+4      ,lubricants4      ,m>ble    
,work+4      ,mat*es4      ,mort>s4     
,nitro-,glyc]9e4      ,oils4      ,pap]4
      ,pap] ,hang+4      ,pa9t+ 9 ,oils1
 9 ,wat] ,col\rs1 z well z ,fresco1     
,h\se1        ,transp>5cy1 ,sign1 &     
,c>riage ,pa9t+4      ,photography4     
,pla/]+4      ,poli%es4                 
,pott]y--7,clays1 ,bodies1 ,glazes1     
,col\rs1 ,oils1 ,/a9s1 ,fluxes1         
,enamels1 & ,lu/res74      ,sc\r+4      
,silv]+4      ,soap4      ,sold]s4      
,tann+4      ,taxid]my4      ,temp]+    
,metals4      ,treat+ ,horn1            
,"m-o'-,pe>l1 & l sub/ances4            

,v>ni%es1 ,manufacture & ,use (4        
,v5e]+4      ,wa%+4      ,wat]pro(+4    
,weld+4    ,besides ,receipts relat+ to 
! less] ,te*nological matt]s &          
processes1 su* z ! manufacture & use (  
,/5cil ,plates1   ,black+1 ,crayons1    
,pa/e1 ,putty1 ,wax1 ,size1 ,alloys1    
,catgut1 ,tunbridge   ,w>e1 ,picture    
,frame & ,ar*itectural ,m\ld+s1 ,compos1
 ,cameos1 &   o!rs too num]\s to m5tion4
    ,london3 ,e4  ,f4 ,n4 ,,spon1 #abe1 
,/r&4   ,new ,york3 #ce1 ,murray ,/reet4
      ,cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 #dhe pages1 )   
illu/rations1 #es4    ,,work%op         
,,receipts1   ,,second ,,s]ies4    ,,by 
,,rob]t ,,haldane4       ,,synopsis ,,( 
,,cont5ts4       ,acidimetry &          
,alkalimetry4      ,album54             
,alcohol4      ,alkaloids4              
,bak+-p[d]s4      ,bitt]s4      ,blea*+4
      ,boil] ,incru/ations4      ,cem5ts
 & ,lutes4      ,cleans+4               
,confection]y4      ,copy+4             
,dis9fectants4      ,dye+1 ,/a9+1 &     
,col\r+4      ,ess5ces4      ,extracts4 

,firepro(+4      ,gelat9e1 ,glue1 &     
,size4      ,glyc]9e4      ,gut4        
,hydrog5 p]oxide4      ,ink4            
,iod9e4      ,iod(orm4      ,is+lass4   
,ivory sub/itutes4      ,lea!r4         
,lum9\s bodies4      ,magnesia4         
,mat*es4      ,pap]4      ,p>*m5t4      
,p]*loric acid4      ,potassium oxalate4
      ,pres]v+4    ,pigm5ts1 ,pa9t1 &   
,pa9t+3 embrac+ ! prep>ation (          
,pigm5ts1 includ+ alum9a lakes1 blacks  
7animal1 bone1 ,frank=t1   ivory1 lamp1 
sight1 soot71 blues 7antimony1 ,antw]p1 
cobalt1 ca]uleum1   ,egyptian1          
manganate1 ,p>is1 ,peligot1 ,prussian1  
smalt1 ultram>9e71   br[ns 7bi/re1 h9au1
 sepia1 si5na1 umb]1 ,v&yke71 gre5s     
7b>yta1   ,brighton1 ,brunswick1 *rome1 
cobalt1 ,d\glas1 em]ald1 manganese1     
mitis1 m\nta91 ,prussian1 sap1          
,s*eele's1 ,s*we9fur?1 titanium1        
v]digris1 z9c71 r$s 7,brazilwood lake1  
c>m9at$ lake1 c>m9e1   ,cassius purple1 
cobalt p9k1 co*9eal lake1 colco?>1      
,indian r$1   madd] lake1 r$ *alk1 r$   

lead1 v]milion71 :ites 7alum1 b>yta1    
,*9ese1 lead sulphate1 :ite lead--by    
,am]ican1 ,dut*1 ,fr5*1   ,g]man1       
,kremnitz1 & ,patt9son processes1       
precautions 9 mak+1 &   composition (   
comm]cial samples--:it+1 ,wilk9son's    
:ite1 z9c   :ite71 yell[s 7*rome1       
gamboge1 ,naples1 orpim5t1 realg>1 yell[
   lakes72 ,pa9t 7vehicles1 te/+ oils1  
dri]s1 gr9d+1 /or+1   apply+1 prim+1    
dry+1 fill+1 coats1 bru%es1 surface1    
wat]-col\rs1 remov+ smell1              
discoloration2 miscellane\s pa9ts--     
cem5t pa9t = c>ton-pi]re1 copp] pa9t1   
gold pa9t1 iron pa9t1   lime pa9ts1     
silicat$ pa9ts1 /eatite pa9t1 transp>5t 
pa9ts1   tung/5 pa9ts1 w9d[ pa9t1 z9c   
pa9ts72 ,pa9t+ 7g5]al   in/ructions1    
proportions ( +r$i5ts1 measur+ pa9t "w2 
c>riage pa9t+--prim+ pa9t1 be/ putty1   
f9i%+ col\r1   cause ( crack+1 mix+ !   
pa9ts1 oils1 dri]s1 & col\rs1   v>ni%+1 
importance ( wa%+ vehicles1 re-v>ni%+1  
h[ to   dry pa9t2 woodwork pa9t+74      
,london3 ,e4  ,f4 ,n4 ,,spon1 #abe1     

,/r&4   ,new ,york3 #ce1 ,murray ,/reet4
      ,,j ,,publi%$4    ,cr[n #hvo1     
clo?1 #dhj pages1 ) #ahc illu/rations1  
#es4    ,,work%op ,,receipts1   ,,?ird  
,,s]ies4    ,,by ,c4 ,g4 ,,w>n=d ,,lock4
    ,uni=m ) ! ,fir/ & ,second ,s]ies4  
,,synopsis ,,( ,,cont5ts4       ,alloys4
      ,alum9ium4      ,antimony4        
,b>ium4      ,b]yllium4      ,bismu?4   
,cadmium4      ,caeesium4      ,calcium4
      ,c]ium4      ,*romium4            
,cobalt4      ,copp]4      ,didymium4   
,electrics4      ,enamels & ,glazes4    
,erbium4      ,gallium4      ,glass4    
,gold4      ,indium4      ,iridium4     
,iron & ,/eel4      ,lacqu]s & ,lacqu]+4
      ,lan?anum4      ,lead4            
,li?ium4      ,lubricants4              
,magnesium4      ,manganese4            
,m]cury4      ,mica4      ,molybd5um4   
,nickel4      ,niobium4      ,osmium4   
,palladium4      ,plat9um4              
,potassium4      ,rhodium4              
,rubidium4      ,ru!nium4      ,sel5ium4
      ,silv]4      ,slag4      ,sodium4 

,/rontium4      ,tantalum4      ,t]bium4
      ,?allium4      ,?orium4      ,t94 
,titanium4      ,tung/54      ,uranium4 
,vanadium4      ,yttrium4      ,z9c4    
,zirconium4    ,london3 ,e4  ,f4 ,n4    
,,spon1 #abe1 ,/r&4   ,new ,york3 #ce1  
,murray ,/reet4      ,,work%op          
,,receipts1   ,,f\r? ,,s]ies1   ,,devot$
 ,,ma9ly ,,to ,,h&icrafts  ,,me*anical  
,,subjects4    ,,by ,c4 ,g4 ,,w>n=d     
,,lock4    #bej ,illu/rations1 )        
,complete ,index1 & a ,g5]al ,index to !
   ,f\r ,s]ies1 #es4                    
,wat]pro(+--rubb] goods1 cuprammonium   
processes1 miscellane\s                 
prep>ations4       ,pack+ & ,/or+       
articles ( delicate od\r or col\r1 ( a  
deliquesc5t "*1 liable to ignition1 apt 
to suff] f      insects or damp1 or     
easily brok54       ,embalm+ & ,pres]v+ 
anatomical specim5s4       ,lea!r       
,poli%es4       ,cool+ ,air & ,wat]1    
produc+ l[ temp]atures1 mak+ ice1       
cool+ syrups & solutions1 & sep>at+     
salts f liquors by      refrig]ation4   

,pumps & ,siphons1 embrac+ e useful     
contrivance = rais+      & supply+ wat] 
on a mod]ate scale1 & mov+ corrosive1   
t5aci\s1 & o!r liquids4                 
,desiccat+--air-& wat]-ov5s1 & o!r      
appliances = dry+      natural &        
artificial products4                    
,di/ill+--wat]1 t9ctures1 extracts1     
ph>maceutical      prep>ations1 ess5ces1
 p]fumes1 & alcoholic liquids4          
,emulsify+ z requir$ by ph>maci/s &     
photograph]s4       ,evaporat+--sal9e & 
o!r solutions1 & liquids dem&+          
special precautions4                    
,filt]+--wat]1 & solutions ( v>i\s k9ds4
       ,p]colat+ & ,mac]at+4            
,electrotyp+4       ,/]eotyp+ by bo?    
pla/] & pap] processes4       ,bookb9d+ 
9 all its details4       ,/raw ,plait+ &
 ! fabrication ( baskets1 matt+1 etc4   
,musical ,in/rum5ts--! pres]vation1     
tun+1 & repair (      pianos1 h>moniums1
 musical boxes1 etc4       ,clock &     
,wat* ,m5d+--adapt$ = intellig5t        
amateurs4       ,photography--rec5t     

developm5t 9 rapid processes1 h&y       
app>atus1 num]\s recipes = s5sitiz+ &   
develop+      solutions1 & applications 
to mod]n illu/rative purposes4          
,london3 ,e4  ,f4 ,n4 ,,spon1 #abe1     
,/r&4   ,new ,york3 #ce1 ,murray ,/reet4
      ,,j ,,publi%$4    ,9 demy #hvo1   
clo?1 #fjj pages1 & #adbj ,illu/rations1
 #fs4    ,,spons'   ,,me*anics' ,,own   
,,book2    ,a ,,manual ,,= ,,h&icraftsm5
 ,,& ,,amateurs4       ,,cont5ts4       
,me*anical ,draw+--,ca/+ & ,f\nd+ 9     
,iron1 ,brass1 ,bronze1      & o!r      
,alloys--,=g+ & ,f9i%+ ,iron--,%eetmetal
      ,work+--,sold]+1 ,braz+1 &        
,burn+--,c>p5try & ,jo9]y1      embrac+ 
descriptions ( "s #djj ,woods1 ov] #bjj 
,illu/rations (      ,tools & _! uses1  
,explanations 7) ,diagrams7 ( #aaf jo9ts
      & h+es1 & ,details ( ,con/ruction 
( ,work%op appliances1      r\gh        
furniture1 ,g>d5 & ,y>d ,erections1 &   
,h\se ,build+--      ,cab9et-,mak+ &    
,v5e]+--,c>v+ & ,fretcutt+--,uphol/]y-- 
,pa9t+1 ,gra9+1 & ,m>bl+--,/a9+         

,furniture1 ,woods1      ,floors1 &     
,fitt+s--,gild+1 dead & bright1 on v>i\s
      gr\nds--,poli%+ ,m>ble1 ,metals1 &
 ,wood--,v>ni%+--,me*anical             
movem5ts1 illu/rat+ contrivances =      
transmitt+ motion--      ,turn+ 9 ,wood 
& ,metals--,masonry1 embrac+ ,/onework1 
,brickwork1 ,t]racotta1 &               
,concrete--,ro(+ ) ,?at*1 ,tiles1       
,slates1 ,felt1 ,z9c1 c4--,glaz+ ) & )\t
 putty1 & lead      glaz+--,pla/]+ &    
,:itewa%+--,pap]-hang+--,gas-fitt+--    
,bell-hang+1 ord9>y & electric          
,sy/ems--,light+--,w>m+--               
,v5tilat+--,roads1 ,pavem5ts1 &         
,bridges--,h$ges1 ,dit*es1 &            
,dra9s--,wat] ,supply &                 
,sanitation--,h9ts on ,h\se ,con/ruction
      suit$ to new c\ntries4    ,london3
 ,e4  ,f4 ,n4 ,,spon1 #abe1 ,/r&4   ,new
 ,york3 #ce1 ,murray ,/reet4