,,break+ ,,) ,,! ,,pa/    ,,or          
,,ca?olic ,,pr9ciples ,,ab&on$ ,,at ,,! 
,,re=mation    ,f\r ,s]mons ,deliv]$ at 
,/4 ,patrick's ,ca!dral   ,new ,york1 on
 ! ,sundays ( ,adv5t1 #aiac    ,,by     
,,francis ,,aidan ,,gasquet             
,,abbot-,,presid5t ,,( ,,! ,,engli%     
,,b5$ict9es     ,,) ,a ,,preface ,,by   
,,8 ,,em95ce ,,c>d9al ,,f>ley      ,p4  
,j4 ,,k5$y  ,,sons   ,,pr9t]s ,,to ,,!  
,,holy ,,apo/olic ,,see   ,,new ,,york  
,,nihil ,,ob/at      ,,remigius ,,la=t  
,c5sor ,deputatus  ,,imprimatur         
,,john ,,c>d9al ,,f>ley      ,ar*bi%op (
 ,new ,york  ,janu>y #c1 #aiad          
,,copyright1 #aiad ,p4 ,j4 ,,k5$y       
,,sons    ,,to ,,8 ,,em95ce ,,c>d9al    
,,f>ley ,,ar*bi%op ,,( ,,new ,,york ,,^!
 ,,s]mons ,,deliv]$ ,,at ,,8 ,,reque/   
,,9 ,,8 ,,ca!dral ,,*ur* ,,are ,,d$icat$
 ,,z ,a ,,small ,,tok5 ,,( ,,s9c]e      
,,respect ,,& ,,affection    ,,preface  
,,! ,rt4 ,rev4 ,francis ,aidan ,gasquet1
 ,abbot-,g5]al ( ! ,engli% ,b5$ict9es & 
,*airman ( ! ,commission appo9t$ = !    

revision ( ! ,vulgate or ,lat9 ,bible1  
gave a c\rse ( s]mons at ! ,high ,mass 9
 ,/4 ,patrick's ,ca!dral on ! ,sundays (
 ,adv5t1 #aiac1 on ,ca?olic ,pr9ciples  
ab&on$ at ! ,re=mation4  ,^! s]mons     
attract$ v wide att5tion4 ,! subject    
*os51 :ile seem+ly a famili> "o1 prov$  
mo/ int]e/+ to ! va/ congregations1     
drawn by ! fame ( ! prea*] z a hi/orian 
( ! ,re=mation p]iod4 ,8 mann] (        
treatm5t _h mu* to d ) ! pr(\nd int]e/  
manife/$ by 8 li/5]s4 ,all attempt at   
pulpit oratory 0 ca/ aside1 & ! prea*]  
conf9$ himself to a cle> unv>ni%$ tale (
 ! causes t l$ up to ! s-call$          
,re=mation4 ,he %[$ himself a complete  
ma/] ( ! "q4 ,z ann\nc$ 9 8 op5+ s]mon1 
! ,rt4 ,rev4 ,abbot did n seek to be    
controv]sial1 b purely hi/orical1 & ?is 
purpose he foll[$ to ! end1 bas+ all 8  
/atem5ts on docum5ts ^: au!nticity c\ld 
n be call$ 9 "q4 ,he made cle> :at      
,c>d9al ,mann+ has s (t5 repeat$1 t     
,engl& did n give up ! ,ca?olic fai? (  
c5turies1 b 0 simply robb$ ( x4  ,x 0 my

 pleasure to be pres5t at all ! s]mons1 
& to be held "u ! spell ( 8 simple      
eloqu5ce1 & to exp]i5ce ! appeal 8 /rong
 argum5ts mu/ h made4 ,! ma9 !sis :i* ! 
le>n$ ,abbot s\ght to e/abli% 0 t !     
doctr9es ( ! ,*ur* 9 ,engl& _h be5      
recon/ruct$ "u ,lu!ran & ,calv9i/ic     
influ5ce1 & ! cultural beliefs held by !
 ,*ur* f ! "t ( ,*ri/ _h be5 reject$4   
,?is 0 especially true ( ! prie/hood4   
,by ,act ( ,p>liam5t a new =m (         
ord9ation1 c>efully & sy/ematically     
exclud+ e ^w t c\ld be int]pret$ to mean
 t ! c&idate 0 to be a sacrific+ prie/1 
0 introduc$4  ,9 ^! days :5 !re is a    
/rong movem5t on foot )\t ! fold1 to    
re/ore ! unity ( ! ,*ri/ian fai?1 we c  
indulge ! hope t ! f\r lectures ( !     
di/+ui%$ ,abbot w prove fruitful4 ,!y   
are on subjects s vital to unity2 i4 e4 
! ,supremacy ( ! ,pope1 ! ,sacrifice ( !
 ,mass1 ! ,et]nal ,prie/hood1 !         
,univ]sal ,*ur*4 ,we pray t ^! s]mons w 
attract ! att5tion ( _m outside ! ,*ur*1
 & make !m m$itate on ! bitt]ness (     

break+ f _! ,fa!r's ,h\se4 ,may ,god's  
holy grace prove /rong] ?an prejudice1 z
 x has s (t5 9 ! pa/1 & may x s(t5 !    
he>ts :i* h be5 h>d5$ by cruel          
legislation r ?an by wilful disob$i5ce4 
,,john ,,c>d9al ,,f>ley1      ,ar*bi%op 
( ,new ,york4  ,,new ,,york1 ,! ,fea/ ( 
,/4 ,?omas ! ,apo/le1 #aiac    ,,cont5ts
    ,i   ,,! ,,pope',s ,,au?ority   ,,ii
  ,,! ,,holy ,,mass   ,,iii ,,!         
,,prie/hood   ,,iv  ,,! ,,*ur* ,,by     
,,law ,,e/abli%$       ,,books ,,sugge/$
 ,,= ,,read+    ,i    ,i  ,,! ,,pope',s 
,,au?ority  ,,to-,,day we beg9 ! "w (   
,adv5t4 ,dur+ ^! weeks ( prep>ation = ! 
great fea/ ( ,*ri/mas x is usual &      
useful to turn our ?\ghts to "s ( !     
great pr9ciples ^u :i* our fai? z       
,ca?olics is gr\nd$1 9 ord] t we may    
realise m fully all t our ,bless$ ,"l's 
com+ into ?is _w has done = mank9d 9    
g5]al & = our individual s\ls 9         
p>ticul>4 ,x w n !re=e be altoge!r =eign
 to ?is purpose if dur+ ^! ,sundays (   
,adv5t ,i ask y\r consid]ation ( c]ta9  

,ca?olic pr9ciples :i* appe> to me to h 
be5 delib]ately ab&on$ 9 ! great        
religi\s revolution ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 
kn[n z ! ,re=mation1 b to :i* our       
,ca?olic =efa!rs 9 ,engl& & 9 ,irel&    
clung ) h]oic con/ancy & = :i* !y suff]$
 loss ( worldly goods & ev5 laid d[n _! 
lives4  ,& fir/1 ,i %\ld at ! outset l  
to disclaim any desire to ent] into m]e 
matt]s ( controv]sy4 ,9 ^! days1 :5 s _m
 aspirations & pray]s = a return to     
,*ri/ian ,unity are be+ utt]$ & :i* 9 ! 
face ( ! common enemy f9d an e*o 9 !    
he>t ( e ,ca?olic1 ! bitt]ness eng5d]$  
by ! controv]sial _s is1 to say ! lea/1 
:olly =eign to ! "w ( ,union4 ,b z a    
fir/ /ep to t ,*ri/ian ,unity we all    
pray =1 x is surely necess>y to         
recognise ! po9ts ( dep>ture1 out ( :i* 
our diff]5ces h gr[n4 ,we _c proce$ f>  
along ! pa? t[>ds agreem5t unless we    
und]/& h[ we fir/ began to diff]1 &     
!re=e1 n 9 any _s ( bitt]ness or        
controv]sy4 ,i desire to speak ( facts z
 !y seem to me1 & to po9t out :at 0     

really done at ! "t ( ! ,re=mation 9    
,engl&1 :i* /ill has obvi\s consequ5ces 
9 all ,engli%-speak+ c\ntries4 ,z f> z  
,i am conc]n$ at pres5t ^? :o hold t :at
 0 done 9 reg>d to religion 9 ! sixte5? 
c5tury 0 well done may cont9ue to hold  
?is belief4 ,all ,i desire at ?is "t is 
to asc]ta9 :at 0 done4  ,n[ ! fir/ po9t 
( attack made on ! traditional tea*+s ( 
! ,ca?olic ,*ur* 0 ^u ! spiritual       
jurisdiction ( ! ,pope4 ,we ,ca?olics   
hold & believe t our ,"l came d[n on e>?
 & became man to r$eem u1 n z a m]e     
hi/orical fact1 :i* 0 once done &       
complet$ by ,8 dea? ^u ! ,cross1 b t !  
"w ( ?is r$emption 0 to be appli$ to !  
individual s\l1 ?r\gh ! "w ( ! ,*ur* ,he
 e/abli%$ on e>?4 ,?is ,*ur* 0 to m9i/] 
to s\ls ?r\gh ! ,sacram5ts ,he in/itut$1
 ! grace ,he _h pur*as$ = !m by ,8      
,passion & ,dea?1 & x 0 to be ! f\nt (  
all tru? & tea*+4 ,we ,ca?olics fur!r   
believe & hold t our ,"l e/abli%$ ?is ,8
 *ur* ^u ! au?ority ( ,/4 ,pet] & 8     
successors1 z ! necess>y basis ( unity (

 fai? & discipl9e4 ,to u ?is seems s    
c]ta9 t x is inconceivable t our ,"l1 :o
 0 ,god & _h all k ( ! work+ ( ! human  
he>t & m9d1 %\ld n h provid$ "s su* an  
au?ority z t ( ! ,pope1 z ! necess>y    
bond ( unity ( ! ,fai?4 ,m9d1 ,i am n   
prov+ ?is 9 any way3 ,i am b /at+ x z ! 
firm & un*ang+ belief ( ,ca?olics4  ,up 
to ! "t ( ,k+ ,h5ry ,,viii41 & inde$    
till ! end ( ! fir/ half ( 8 reign1 ?is1
 :i* is our belief1 0 t ( ,engl& &      
,irel& 9 common ) all o!r p>ts (        
,*ri/5dom be=e ! revolt ( ,lu!r a few   
ye>s be=e 9 ,g]many4 ,( ?is ,i d n ?9k  
!re c be mu* d\bt1 except p]haps 9 !    
m9ds ( pr(essional controv]siali/s4 ,let
 me give a few examples ( ,engli% tea*+ 
on ! subject4 ,9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,ox=d1  
up to ! ,re=mation1 !re 0 no m hon\r$   
!ological au?ority 9 ! s*ools1 ?an !    
celebrat$ ,duns ,scotus4 ,?is is :at he 
taught z to papal au?ority3 ,x is ( fai?
 t ! ev] ,holy ,roman ,*ur*1 :i* is !   
pill> & gr\nd ( all tru? & aga9/ :i* !  
gates ( hell _c prevail1 admits ( no    

error & tea*es ! tru?4 ,h5ce !y are     
excommunicat$ z h]etics :o tea* or hold 
any?+ diff]5t f :at ,%e tea*es &        
practises4 ,?is is cle> en\gh tea*+3 &  
no less cle> is ! decl>ation made by !  
repres5tatives ( ,engl& & ,irel& 9 !    
,c\ncil ( ,flor5ce1 :i* 0 held 9 ,a4 ,d4
 #adag1 a c5tury & m be=e ! brea* )     
,rome4 ,at t ,c\ncil !re 7 pres5t m ?an 
a hundr$ ,briti% ,bi%ops & ,prelates4   
,peculi> circum/ances call$ = a         
decl>ation ( _! loyalty to ! ,univ]sal  
,*ur*1 & ?is is "o clause 9 t           
decl>ation3 ,moreov] ! ,k+dom ( ,engl&1 
?anks be to ,god6 has nev] sw]v$ f its  
ob$i5ce to ! ,roman ,*ur*3 x has nev]   
tri$ to r5d ! seamless coat ( ,our ,"l3 
x has nev] endeav\r$ to %ake (f its     
loyalty to ! ,roman ,pontiffs4  ,t5 ye>s
 lat] aga91 9 #adbf1 ,pope ,m>t9 ,v4 9 a
 lett] to ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury1     
/ates z a recognis$ fact1 t n only _h ! 
,roman ,pontiffs supreme au?ority z a   
fact1 b t ?is au?ority 0 d]iv$ z ( div9e
 in/itution f our ,"l ,himself & he     

tells ! ar*bi%op t he is b\nd to protect
 ! rights & privileges ( ! ,roman ,*ur* 
& ! ,apo/olic ,see1 :i* ,*ri/ ,himself  
gave by ,8 div9e ,^w1 & n m54 ,?is is ! 
di/9ct claim put =? by ! ,pope1 &       
,ar*bi%op ,*i*eley 9 8 reply1 made on   
behalf ( ! ,engli% ,*ur*1 fully &       
frankly admits ?is claim1 & makes x q   
cle> t ! traditional tea*+ ( ! ,engli%  
,*ur* 9 reg>d to ! ,papacy 0 t x 0 (    
div9e in/itution & n t its au?ority 0 ( 
ecclesia/ical in/itution1 & /ill less t 
,engl& or ,irel& _h ev] giv5 its ob$i5ce
 to ! ,pope on gr\nds ( national policy 
or exp$i5cy & n on a dogmatic basis4 ,! 
matt] is put cle>ly en\gh to remove all 
d\bt 9 ! lett] address$ to ! ,pope by ! 
,univ]sity ( ,ox=d at ! same "t z t (   
,ar*bi%op ,*i*eley 9 behalf ( ! ,engli% 
,bi%ops4 ,we recognise 9 y\r belov$     
p]son 7t (4 ,pope ,m>t9 ,v47 ! true     
,head4 ,we pr(ess )\t d\bt & f our he>ts
 7t y are7 ! "o ,supreme ,pontiff1 !    
,vic> ( ,*ri/ on e>? & ! true successor 
( ,/4 ,pet]4  ,t ?is rema9$ ! firm &    

un%ak5 fai? ( ! ,*ur* & p ( ,engl& &    
,irel& "r up to ! f9al break+ away f    
,rome we h ample & positive pro(s4 ,out 
( _m ,i w cite "o te/imony4 ,:5 ! tea*+s
 ( ! re=m]1 ,lu!r1 began to f9d adh]5ts 
9 o!r l&s1 ,k+ ,h5ry ,,viii41 ) ! help (
 ,bi%op ,fi%]1 himself compos$ a book 9 
def5ce ( ! ,sacram5tal tea*+ ( ! ,*ur*4 
,?is volume 0 tak5 to ,rome by "o ( !   
,engli% ,bi%ops & pres5t$ to ! ,pope 9  
full ,consi/ory on ,octob] #b1 #aeba4   
,on behalf ( ,h5ry1 ! envoy 9 ! pres5ce 
( all ! ,c>d9als & ,ambassadors made    
public decl>ation ( ! entire loyalty ( !
 ,engli% nation to ! ,holy ,roman ,*ur* 
& its ,supreme ,pontiff4 ,( o!r         
nationalities1 he says1 let o!rs speak4 
,b assur$ly my ,brita9--my ,engl&1 z 9  
lat] times %e has be5 call$--has nev]   
yield$ to ,spa91 nev] to ,france1 nev]  
to ,g]many1 nev] to ,italy1 nev] to any 
ne>] nation1 no1 n ev5 to ,rome itself1 
9 ! s]vice ( ,god & 9 ! ,*ri/ian fai? & 
9 ! ob$i5ce due to ! ,mo/ ,holy ,roman  
,*ur*2 ev5 z !re is no nation :i* m     

opposes1 m condemns1 m loa!s ?is mon/]  
7i4 e4 ! ,lu!ran apo/asy7 & ! h]esies   
:i* spr+ f x4 ,x 0 = ! volume !n pres5t$
 & = ! decl>ation !n made t ,h5ry       
receiv$ ! title ( ,def5d] ( ! ,fai? f ! 
,pope4  ,sudd5ly & almo/ z a bolt f !   
blue1 difficulties betwe5 ! ,k+ ( ,engl&
 & ! ,pope began to %[ !mselves4 ,grave 
ev5ts (t5 spr+ f slight causes1 &1      
:atev] may be said by pr(essional       
controv]sali/s1 !re c be no d\bt t x 0 a
 m]e love affair ( ,h5ry ,,viii41 :i*   
initiat$ ! royal policy & f9ally dragg$ 
,engl& into s*ism & h]esy4 #a ,to "s1 p1
 inde$1 9 ^! days ! action ( ! ,pope 9  
refus+ to all[ ,h5ry to h 8 own wilful  
way 9 putt+ aside 8 w$d$ wife1 ,ka!r9e1 
& to m>ry ano!r woman1 ) :om he _h _h   
illicit relations1 may appe> to h be5 ! 
height ( unwisdom4 ,c]ta9ly z a result x
 has _h ! mo/ disa/r\s consequ5ces to ! 
,engli% ,*ur*4 ,b ?is at lea/ all mu/   
confess3 t ! ,pope's c\rage\s action is 
a manife/ pro( ( ! impossibility (      
ecclesia/ical au?ority int]f]+ )\t "r   

reason ) ! indissoluble sanctity ( a    
true ,*ri/ian m>riage4   #a ,?is /atem5t
 0 *all5g$ 9 ! press4 ,x is difficult to
 see h[ x c be que/ion$ by anyone :o has
 read ! hi/ory ( ?is p]iod4 ,^? :o are  
int]e/$ may be ref]r$ to an excell5t    
article 9 ,am]ica = ,dec4 #bj1 #aiac1   
,:at to say & h[ to say x4   ,to obta9 !
 support ( ,p>liam5t ! ,k+ sugge/$ t !  
nation _h incurr$ ! extreme p5alties (  
praemunire by admitt+ ! legat9e p[]s (  
,c>d9al ,wolsey1 ev5 ?\gh ?is _h be5    
done ) 8 royal k & au?ority4 ,8 lay     
subjects 7 at once p>don$ = a m]e       
te*nical (f5ce aga9/ ! /atute laws1 b ! 
cl]gy 7 exclud$1 9 ord] to hold !       
p5alties 9 t]rorem ov] !m4 ,) 8 royal h&
 on ! ?roats ( 8 ecclesia/ical subjects 
he dem&$ a recognition ( 8 ,head%ip ov] 
! ,*ur* 9 ,engl&1 & f9ally ,convocation1
 aft] a debate :i* ext5d$ ov] two &     
?irty sessions1 gave an unwill+ ass5t to
 a clause admitt+ ! ,k+ z ! ,protector &
 ,supreme ,head ( ! ,engli% ,*ur*4 ,?is 
0 ! ?9 edge ( ! w$ge by :i* ! cleavage f

 ,rome & ! ,pope 0 subsequ5tly effect$4 
,at ! "t1 !re c be no d\bt t ! inw>d    
mean+ ( ! ackn[l$gm5t 0 n und]/ood4     
,dean ,hook says t ! /atem5t 0 n reg>d$ 
z inconsi/5t ) ! legitimate claims ( !  
papacy1 & z ,fr\de admits1 x is c]ta9 t 
! title 0 n int5d$ to imply :at x impli$
 :51 f\r ye>s lat]1 x 0 conf]r$ by ,act 
( ,p>liam5t1 & :5 ,engl& virtually 0    
sev]$ by x f ! ,roman ,communion4  ,9   
#aecb by an ,act entitl$ ,! ,submission 
( ! cl]gy ! k+ receiv$ _! pl$ge n to    
legislate 9 ecclesia/ical matt]s 9      
,convocation )\t 8 royal leave4 ,by ?is 
,submission ! ,engli% ,*ur* depriv$     
itself ( all corporate action2 & 9 !    
same ye> ! ag$ ,ar*bi%op ,w>ham di$4 ,we
 _c d\bt1 writes ! late ,dr4 ,james     
,gairdn]1 ! mo/ compet5t judge ( ! ev5ts
 ( ?is reign & himself n a ,ca?olic1 ,we
 _c d\bt t ! ev5t 7i4 e4 ! dea? ( !     
,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury7 at once sugge/$ 
to ! ,k+ a new me?od ( a*iev+ 8 end &   
divorc+ ,que5 ,ka!r9e4 ,he obta9$ f !   
,pope ! appo9tm5t ( ,?omas ,cranm]1 a   

prie/ :o 9 defiance ( ! canons _h       
secretly m>ri$ 9 ,g]many ! niece (      
,osi&]1 ! ,g]man ,re=m]1 z a second     
wife4  ,hav+ secur$ ?is appo9tm5t f !   
,holy ,see1 ! ,k+ direct$ ,cranm] to    
consid] ! divorce "q1 & ! decree hav+   
be5 pron\nc$ by ! subs]vi5t ar*bi%op1   
,h5ry made ,anne ,boleyn 8 ,que5 on     
,june #a1 #aecc4 ,six mon?s lat] !      
,convocations ( ,cant]bury & ,york1 "u  
/rong royal pressure =mally accept$ !   
decl>ation t ! ,bi%op ( ,rome has n 9   
,scripture any great] jurisdiction 9 !  
,k+dom ( ,engl& ?an any =eign bi%op4    
,f9ally 9 ,m>*1 #aecd1 ! sev]ance (     
,engl& f ,rome ecclesia/ically 0 effect$
 by ! ,supreme ,head act :i* /yl$ ! ,k+ 
! only ,supreme ,head 9 e>? ( ! ,*ur* ( 
,engl& & grant$ him ! mo/ ample p[]s (  
ecclesia/ical ,visitation4 ,!n ! f9al   
t\* 0 giv5 to ! "w by ! ,act ( ,v]bal   
,treasons1 by :i* x 0 decl>$ to be high 
treason to imag9e any bodily h>m to ei!r
 ! ,k+ or ,que5 or to deprive !m ( _!   
dignity1 title1 /yle1 etc4  ,! *ange _h 

n[ be5 effect$3 ,engl& 0 cut (f f !     
jurisdiction ( ,rome4 ,"s m51 l !       
,v5]able ,bi%op ,fi%]1 ,bless$ ,sir     
,?omas ,m1 ! h]oic ,c>?usians & o!rs1   
refus$ to burd5 _! consci5ces by tak+ ! 
requir$ oa? & pref]r$ imprisonm5t &     
dea?4 ,= ! mo/ "p ! cl]gy & mona/ic     
h\ses gave way & did :at 0 requir$ ( !m4
 ,b !re c be little d\bt t ! nation at  
l>ge dislik$ ! ,k+'s proce$+s4 ,9 spite 
( ! act = ,v]bal ,treasons1 :i* 0 wide  
en\gh to cat* anyone guilty ( a m]e     
expression ( op9ion1 on no o!r subject  
dur+ ! entire reign h we su* ov]t &     
repeat$ expressions ( dissatisfaction ) 
! ,k+ & 8 proce$+s1 z ,dr4 ,gairdn] ) ! 
fulle/ k ( ?is p]iod decl>es4 ,=1 z he  
says1 ! ecclesia/ical head%ip 0 )\t     
prec$5t & at v>iance ) all tradition3 4 
4 4 ,x 0 a totally new ord] 9 ! ,*ur*4  
,my purpose does n lead me to speak ( ! 
ex]cise ( ecclesia/ical jurisdiction by 
! ,k+1 9 virtue ( ?is new ,head%ip ov] !
 ,*ur*4 ,z1 by virtue ( 8 au?ority1 he  
_h bidd5 ,ar*bi%op ,cranm] to pron\nce !

 s5t5ce ( divorce1 :i* ! ,pope _h       
refus$1 s 9 ! dissolution ( ! religi\s  
h\ses1 he pron\nc$ ! monks & nuns 9 8   
k+dom fre$ f ! v[s !y _h made to ,god4  
,9 ! ex]cise ( ! royal supremacy 9      
matt]s ecclesia/ical he appo9t$ ,?omas  
,crumwell1 a layman1 8 ,vic> ,g5]al1 & 9
 ?is capacity1 ,crumwell presid$ at all 
meet+s ( ,bi%ops & regulat$ all         
discussions ^u spiritual affairs4  ,!re 
7 v>i\s o!r religi\s *anges initiat$    
dur+ ! rema9d] ( ?is reign1 l !         
de/ruction ( %r9es & ! prohibition (    
devotion to ! sa9ts1 b x is "o ( !      
p]plex+ problems ( ?is "t :y !re 0 n a m
 radical recon/ruction ( religion 9     
,engl& ^u ! l9es ( ! ,lu!ran pr9ciples (
 ! ,re=mation4 ,! fact is t1 ?\gh = 8   
own purposes ,h5ry 0 will+ en\gh to get 
rid ( ! ,pope1 he 0 nev] a ,lu!ran at   
he>t4 ,he _h def5d$ ,ca?olic pr9ciples  
aga9/ ! ,g]man ,re=m$ doctr9es 9 8 "w on
 ! ,sev5 ,sacram5ts4 ,he nev] :olly lo/ 
8 ,ca?olic in/9ct1 & to ! la/ he ma9ta9$
 ) a /rong h& ! anci5t ,ca?olic         

,sacram5tal tea*+1 & 9 p>ticul> 9 reg>d 
to ! mo/ ,holy ,eu*>i/ & ! doctr9e (    
,transub/antiation4 ,9 ?is reg>d ! re=m+
 p>ty1 z long z he liv$1 0 kept 9 *eck &
 _h to wait = ! ,k+'s dea? to secure    
fur!r *anges4  ,to u ,ca?olics1 by ! act
 ( cutt+ ,engl& f ,rome1 ! pr9ciple (   
,*ri/ian ,unity 0 reject$ & sacrific$4  
,! bran* cut f ! tree no long] fe$s ^u !
 sap ( ! p>5t /ock1 & dis9tegration is  
m]ely a matt] ( "t4 ,we :o look back ov]
 ! c5turies1 :i* h pass$ s9ce ! sev]ance
 ( ! ,engli% ,*ur* f ,union ) ,rome 0   
effect$1 c see h[ ! dis9tegration z to  
doctr9e1 has gone on ev] s9ce4 ,few c   
d5y t x is /ill proce$+ at a rate1 :i*  
is rightly al>m+ ^? :o /ill cl+ ev5 to !
 %r$s ( ! religi\s =mul>ies evolv$ 9 !  
,re=mation settlem5t4 ,hundr$s (        
religi\s bodies1 all claim+ to be       
,*ri/ian & all diff]+ on vital &        
ess5tial matt]s ( belief1 c be se5 r\nd 
ab\t u to-day4 ,! process ( division is 
/ill go+ on & x mu/ cont9ue :]e !re is  
no au?ority to speak ) a div9e          

commission4 ,we ,ca?olics1 z we review  
?is *aos1 may well ?ank ,god t our      
,engli% & ,iri% =efa!rs h f\ght & suff]$
 to ma9ta9 = u ! ,*ri/ian pr9ciple ( a  
,supreme au?ority 9 religion4    ,,ii   
,,ii  ,,! ,,holy ,,mass  ,,to-,,day ,i  
propose to speak ab\t ! ,mo/ ,holy      
,eu*>i/4 ,! ,sacrifice ( ! ,mass is !   
c5tral doctr9e ( our religion4 ,9 x1 z  
we ,ca?olics firmly believe1 !re is     
r5ew$ on ! ,*ri/ian alt> ! sacrifice (  
,calv>y1 & by ,god's p[]1 at ! words    
spok5 by ! prie/1 ! bread & w9e is *ang$
 into ! v ,body & ,blood ( our ,"l4 ,!  
^w us$ by ! ,*ur* to express ?is *ange (
 sub/ance is ,transub/antiation2 & 9 !  
my/]y ( our ,fai? we hold t we h1 "u !  
outw>d appe>ances ( bread & w9e1 ! true 
& real pres5ce ( our ,bless$ ,"l4 ,z    
truly & z really z our ,savi\r1 ,god &  
man1 walk$ ?is e>? 9 ! days ( ,8        
pilgrimage1 bless+ ! sick1 cur+ diseases
 at ,8 t\*1 & tea*+ ! way ( life to !   
multitudes1 s d we firmly believe &     
hold1 t ,he is among/ u to-day "u !     

,eu*>i/ic =ms1 ready to help & enc\rage 
! we>y1 to console ! afflict$1 to br+ ! 
assurance ( ,8 p>don to ! p5it5t4  ,i am
 n prov+ ?is4 ,i am only /at+ x1 z !    
firm fai? we hold z ,ca?olics4 ,moreov]1
 n only is ! ,mass our ,*ri/ian         
,sacrifice2 b 9 ! ,holy ,eu*>i/ we h !  
food ( our s\ls & ! prop] su/5ance ( our
 spiritual life 9 ?is _w4 ,we hold &    
truly believe t 9 ,holy ,communion we   
receive really & 9 fact1 & n 9 any m]e  
figurative s5se1 our ,bless$ ,"l        
,himself--,body1 ,s\l & ,div9ity4 ,?is  
is our fai? to-day z x 0 ! unbrok5      
belief ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* f ! e>lie/    
tunes4 ,all r\nd ab\t u n[ we see o!r   
religi\s bodies1 claim+ to be ,*ri/ian  
:i* d n %>e our tea*+1 & x is good to   
try & und]/& h[ ?is has come ab\t4 ,!   
key to ! explanation lies 9 ! tea*+ (   
,re=mation pr9ciples 9 ! sixte5? c5tury4
  ,:5 ,h5ry ,,viii4 di$1 on ,janu>y #be1
 #aedg1 = ! fir/ "t 9 hi/ory ! k+ _h    
made himself supreme n only 9 affairs ( 
,/ate b 9 religion4 ,_m m9or *anges1    

besides ! de/ruction ( ! religi\s life &
 ! suppression ( ! mona/]ies1 naturally 
m>k$ & foll[$ ^u ! rejection ( !        
,ca?olic pr9ciple ( papal au?ority & !  
assumption by ! k+ ( ,supreme ,head%ip  
ov] ! ,*ur* 9 ,engl&4 ,! hopes1 ent]ta9$
 by ! ,g]man ,re=m]s ( be+ able to obta9
 ! adh]5ce ( ! k+ & p ( ,engl& to _!    
re=m$ doctr9es1 7 disappo9t$ dur+       
,h5ry's life4 ,on 8 dea? _! hopes       
reviv$4 ,edw>d ,,vi41 a boy1 only n9e   
ye>s ( age1 succe$$ to ! ?rone1 & !     
supreme p[] 9 ! ,/ate 0 seiz$ by ^? ^:  
sympa?ies 7 kn[n to be on ! side ( !    
,g]man ,re=mation4 ,! ,"l ,protector1   
,som]set1 became ! highe/ au?ority 9 !  
,/ate1 & ,ar*bi%op ,cranm]1 = ye>s a    
,lu!ran at he>t1 0 ! *ief ecclesia/ic 9 
! realm4  ,z "o ( ! fir/ acts ( ! reign1
 all ! bi%ops 7 compell$ to take out    
fre% ,commissions f ! ,cr[n = ! ex]cise 
( _! episcopal (fices4 ,9 ?is ,cranm]   
set a will+ example ( ob$i5ce2 & 9 !    
preamble ( ! new ,lett]s ,pat5t ! royal 
p[] 0 set =? z ! s\rce ( all            

jurisdiction1 civil & ecclesia/ical4    
,)9 a mon? ( ,edw>d's accession1 !      
images ( sa9ts 9 ! ,london *ur*es 7     
di%on\r$ & mutilat$1 & s]mons 7 prea*$1 
)\t puni%m5t or rebuke1 aga9/ !         
obs]vance ( ,l5t & o!r ,ca?olic         
practices4 ,o!r *anges 9 ! l9e ( !      
,re=mation foll[$ quickly "o ^u ano!r4  
,images1 %r9es & pictures ( ,our ,lady &
 ! ,sa9ts 7 ord]$ to be de/roy$1 & !    
,litany ( ! ,sa9ts1 hi!rto said 9       
procession1 0 made into a pray] to be   
said kneel+4 ,all ?is 0 a suffici5t     
indication ( ! tr5d ( m9d 9 ! m5 n[ 9   
p[] t[>ds ! ,re=mation doctr9es ( ,lu!r 
& ! o!r cont95tal h]etics4  ,= object+  
to ^! *anges "s ( ! bi%ops 7 lodg$ 9    
prison1 & 9 ! c\rse ( a g5]al           
,visitation ( *ur*es 9 ! diocese (      
,london1 :il/ ! ,bi%op 0 9 prison1 !    
images 9 ,/4 ,paul's & o!r city *ur*es 7
 pull$ d[n & brok5 up2 ! pa9t$ pictures 
& frescoes ^u ! walls--! books ( ! poor 
& unle>n$ z !y 7 call$--7 cov]$ )       
:itewa%1 & 9 _! place ! ,t5 ,comm&m5ts 7

 writt5 ^u ! pla/]4  ,! fir/ ,p>liam5t (
 ?is reign met 9 ,novemb]1 #aedg1 & !   
important matt]--f a religi\s           
/&po9t--discuss$ & settl$ 0 !           
introduction ( ,communion "u bo?        
k9ds--or z "s mod]n writ]s put x !      
re/oration ( ! cup to ! laity4 ,?is     
*ange1 significant z x 01 might mean    
little m ?an ! rejection ( a discipl9>y 
law ( ! ,*ur*1 :i* _h be5 introduc$ _m  
ages be=e = wise & obvi\s reasons4 ,b to
 ^? :o w /udy ! hi/ory ( ! controv]sies 
( ! sixte5? c5tury1 ! re9troduction (   
,communion "u bo? k9ds 0 an outw>d      
manife/ation ( ! rejection ( ! ,ca?olic 
,eu*>i/ic doctr9e1 :i* taught t our     
,bless$ ,"l 0 pres5t1 :ole & entire1    
,body1 ,s\l & ,div9ity 9 ea* & e portion
 ( ! ,mo/ ,holy ,sacram5t4 ,&1 z ,/4    
,?omas tea*es 9 8 dogmatic hymn ( !     
,holy ,eu*>i/1 9 e "p & portion1 integ] 
accipitur--is receiv$ :ole & entire 9   
,holy ,communion4 ,! hi/ory ( ! passage 
( ?is measure ?r\gh ,p>liam5t makes x   
cle> t _m ( ! ,bi%ops & o!r prom95t     

ecclesia/ics 7 oppos$ to ?is dep>ture f 
exi/+ ,ca?olic usage & t x 0 9 reality  
impos$ by ! au?ority ( ,p>liam5t ^u !   
,*ur* "u ! plea t x 0 con=mable to      
primitive practice4 ,! ,bill 0 b !      
beg9n+ ( o!r & m important *anges4 ,!   
replies made at ?is "t by ,cranm] & o!r 
innovat+ prelates to c]ta9 que/ions ^u !
 nature ( ! ,mass leave no d\bt z to !  
l5g?s !y 7 prep>$ to g ha ! direction ( 
,lu!ran ,eu*>i/ic doctr9e4 ,! ar*bi%op  
decl>$ t oblation & sacrifice 7 t]ms    
improp]ly us$ ab\t ! ,mass1 & t x 0 only
 a memory & repres5tation ( ! sacrifice 
( ! ,cross4 ,9 o!r words1 ,cranm] & !   
f\r o!r ,engli% bi%ops :o agre$ ) him1  
reject$ ! ,sacrifice ( ! ,mass z x _h   
hi!rto be5 receiv$ 9 ,engl& z 9 e o!r "p
 ( ! ,ca?olic _w4  ,to c>ry out ! new   
ord] ( ,communion a =m1 f\nd$ ^u !      
celebrat$ "w ( ,h]man ! ,ar*bi%op (     
,cologne1 :i* _h j appe>$ 9 an ,engli%  
translation1 0 issu$ & ord]$ to be      
ins]t$ 9 ! ,lat9 ,mass4 ,! process (    
spoliation ( ! ,*ur* begun 9 ! reign (  

,h5ry ,,viii4 0 cont9u$4 ,a bill1       
/rongly oppos$ by *ur*m51 0 pass$ 9 !   
,h\se ( ,lords1 giv+ to ! ,cr[n all     
colleges1 free *apels & *antries z well 
z ! prop]ty ( all guilds & frat]nities4 
,by ?is measure ! grave/ inju/ice 0 done
 to ! memb]s ( ! guilds1 :i* 7 !        
*>itable associations1 insurance        
societies1 burial & sick clubs (        
,ca?olic ,engl&4 ,! funds ?us confiscat$
 = ! mo/ "p repres5t$ ! sav+s ( ! poor4 
,moreov]1 religion suff]$ ! grave/      
injury by ! confiscation ( ! *antry     
funds & ! rev5ues = anniv]s>y pray]s = !
 dead4 ,^! 7 9 _m cases at lea/ int5d$  
to supply ! s]vices ( additional curates
 = ! "w ( l>g] p>i%es & = annual gifts  
to ! poor4  ,9 ! second ye> ( ! ,k+'s   
reign ,cranm] intimat$ t ! ,c\ncil _h   
ord]$ ! discont9uance ( ! old ,ca?olic  
practices ( bless$ c&les1 bless$ a%es & 
bless$ palms1 z well z ! ,good ,friday  
c]emony ( hon\r+ ! crucifix1 kn[n z     
creep+ to ! cross4  ,all ^! *anges 71   
h[ev]1 only indications ( ! m s]i\s     

attack on ! ,ca?olic doctr9e ( ! ,holy  
,eu*>i/1 :i* 0 be+ eng9e]$ by ! n[ almo/
 op5ly av[$ ,engli% ,re=m+ p>ty1 head$  
by ,cranm]4 ,on ,decemb] #ad1 #aedh1 a  
draft ( a new ,pray] ,book 9 ,engli% to 
sup]s$e ! anci5t ,missal & ,brevi>y 0   
introduc$ into ! ,h\se ( ,lords & !re   
foll[$ a long debate ^u ! doctr9e ( !   
,bless$ ,sacram5t1 conta9$ 9 ! s]vice1  
:i* 0 int5d$ to take ! place ( ! anci5t 
,mass4 ,?is "p ( ! new ,book ( ,common  
,pray] has a special int]e/ &           
significance4  ,9 ! c\rse ( ?is debate x
 appe>$ cle>ly t ,ar*bi%op ,cranm] _h   
giv5 up all belief 9 ! ,ca?olic doctr9e 
( ,transub/antiation & 9 ! sacrificial  
"* ( ! ,eu*>i/4 ,9 ! acc\nt ( ?is       
discussion x also appe>s t ! ^w         
oblation1 :i* _h be5 left 9 ! propos$   
new ,canon :5 ! draft 0 %[n to !        
,bi%ops1 _h be5 /ruck out ( ! docum5t   
pres5t$ to ,p>liam5t = its approval1 )\t
 _! k or cons5t4 ,on ,janu>y #ae1 #aedi1
 ,p>liam5t by /atute approv$ ! new =m ( 
s]vice to take ! place ( ! ,mass2 its   

au?ority be+ simply a s*$ule ( an act ( 
,p>liam5t2 ! ,*ur* 9 synod or           
convocation almo/ c]ta9ly hav+ _h no?+  
to say 9 ?is vital matt] ( doctr9e &    
practice4  ,x is n infrequ5tly ass]t$ t 
aft] all1 except t ! new ,communion     
s]vice 0 9 ,engli%1 !re 0 little or no  
*ange made 9 =m or sub/ance4 ,9 o!r     
words1 t ! (fice ( ,communion1 9 ! ,fir/
 ,pray] ,book ( ,edw>d ,,vi4--! ,book ( 
#aedi--0 ! ,lat9 ,mass translat$ into   
,engli%4 ,:atev] else x 01 :e!r a return
 to primitive obs]vances or an          
adaptation ( anci5t =eign liturgies1 or 
any o!r ?+ ( ! same nature1 x 0 mo/     
c]ta9ly n a translation2 n ev5 a free   
r5d]+ ( ! ,lat9 ,mass into ! v]nacul>4  
,^? :o are famili> ) ! ,lat9 ,missal1 or
 ^? :o w take ! tr\ble to exam9e x1 w   
see at once t ! ,mass consi/s ma9ly (   
two p>ts1--! fir/ a prep>ation = & lead+
 up to ! second4 ,9 ! =m] we h ! pray]s 
& supplications ) passages ( ,holy      
,scripture f ! ,epi/les & ,gospels1     
select$ by ! ,*ur* z appropriate to !   

fea/ or ,sunday ^u :i* !y are read4 ,9  
?is "p also we h ! c]emonial (fices     
arrang$ = ! (f]+ ( ! bread & w9e prep>$ 
= ! ,*ri/ian ,sacrifice1 accompani$ by  
pray]s express+ ! idea ( sacrifice &    
oblation4  ,?us1 = example1 at ! (f]+ ( 
! bread ! prie/ says ^! words3 ,receive1
 ,o ,holy ,fa!r1 ,almighty & ,ev]la/+   
,god1 ?is spotless ,ho/1 etc4 ,:5 he    
(f]s ! *alice ) ! w9e & wat] 9 x he     
says3 ,we (f] up to ,!e1 ,o ,"l1 !      
*alice ( ,salvation1 besee*+ ,!e ( ,?y  
m]cy t our sacrifice may asc5d ) an od\r
 ( sweetness 9 ! sight ( ,?y ,div9e     
,maje/y1 etc42 & he adds3 ,may !        
,sacrifice we ?is day (f] up be         
well-pleas+ to ,!e4 ,f9ally1 b[+ d[n    
be=e ! alt>1 ! prie/ says3 ,receive1 ,o 
,holy ,tr9ity1 ?is oblation (f]$ up by u
 to ,!e1 etc41 &1 turn+ to ^? :o are    
assi/+1 he says3 ,bre?r51 pray t ?is    
sacrifice1 :i* is bo? m9e & y\rs1 may be
 well-pleas+ to ,god ! ,fa!r ,almighty4 
,to ?is ! p ?r\gh ! s]v] reply3 ,may !  
,"l receive ?is sacrifice at y\r h&s1   

etc4 ,ev]yone :o w c>efully exam9e ^!   
pray]s mu/ see t ! ma9 idea conta9$ 9   
all is t ( sacrifice & oblation4 ,9 !   
same way ! pray] call$ ! ,secret1 :i*   
foll[s ^u ! (f]+ ( ! bread & w9e = !    
,sacrifice1 ?\gh x v>ies ) ! fea/       
celebrat$1 practically always conta9s "s
 m5tion ( ! oblation or victim to be    
(f]$4 ,?us on ?is1 ! second ,sunday (   
,adv5t1 ! ,secret pray] conta9s ^!      
words3 ,be appeas$1 we besee* ,!e1 ,o   
,"l1 by our pray]s & by ! sacr$ ,victim 
we humbly (f]1 etc4  ,9 ! second "p ( ! 
,holy ,mass we %all f9d1 if we use our  
,missals1 or ,mass books1 t !re is "o   
un*ang+ ritual =mula call$ ! ,canon1    
dur+ :i* ! words ( ,consecration are    
pron\nc$ by ! prie/ ov] ! bread & w9e4  
,by ! efficacy ( ^! words1 z we         
,ca?olics believe1 ! sub/ance ( ! bread 
& w9e are *ang$ by ,god's p[] into !    
,body & ,blood ( ,*ri/2 & 9 ?is ,sacr$  
,canon ! ,*ri/ian sacrifice is p]fect$4 
,naturally we %\ld expect to f9d 9 ?is  
solemn "p ( ! ,mass ! same idea (       

sacrifice & oblation cle>ly express$4 ,&
 s x is4 ,! prie/ begs ,almighty ,god to
 receive & to bless ^! gifts1 ^!        
oblations1 ^! holy & spotless ho/s1 :i* 
we (f] up to ,!e2 & to be appeas$ by ?is
 oblation :i* we (f]4 ,aga9 he prays3   
,v\*safe to bless ?is same oblation1 to 
take x = ,?y v own 4 4 4 s t on our     
behalf x may be made into ! ,body &     
,blood ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 etc4 ,to ?is he  
adds3 ,:]e=e we (f] up to ?9e excell5t  
,maje/y 4 4 4 a ,victim :i* is pure1 a  
,victim :i* is holy1 a ,victim :i* is   
/a9less1 ! holy ,bread ( life ev]la/+ & 
! ,cup ( et]nal salvation4 ,!n aft] !   
words ( ,consecration1 b[+ d[n be=e !   
sacr$ species on ! alt>1 ! celebrant    
says3 ,humbly we besee* ,!e1 ,almighty  
,god1 to comm& t by ! h&s ( ,?y holy    
,angel1 ?is our ,sacrifice be uplift$ to
 ?9e alt> on high4  ,n[ let u und]/& :at
 0 done by ! ,engli% ,re=m]s 9 ! new    
s]vice drawn up 9 #aedi to take ! place 
( ! anci5t ,mass4 ,9 a g5]al way x may  
be said t up to ! ,gospel ! fir/        

,communion s]vice foll[$ outw>dly at    
lea/ ! old ,missals4 ,! ritual (f]+ ( ! 
bread & w9e1 h[ev]1 ) ! pray]s express+ 
oblation & sacrifice--a "p :i* 0 kn[n z 
! ,(f]tory--0 swept away altoge!r 9 !   
new s]vice4 ,9 its place 0 sub/itut$ a  
few s5t5ces appropriate to almsgiv+ & a 
new mean+ 0 giv5 to ! ^w ,(f]tory1 :i*  
has s9ce come to signify a collection4  
,?is *ange is significant ( ! ,eu*>i/ic 
doctr9es ( ! ,g]man ,re=m]s & is fully 9
 accord ) ,cranm]'s kn[n op9ions 9 reg>d
 to oblation & sacrifice1 e expression  
or idea ( :i* 0 ru?lessly remov$ f ! new
 ,book4 ,! old pray]1 call$ ! ,secret1  
:i* almo/ inv>iably conta9$ a m5tion ( !
 ,sacrifice ab\t to be (f]$1 0 left out4
  ,foll[+ ^u ! ,(f]tory & ,secret comes 
! ,preface1 or imm$iate prep>ation = !  
sacr$ ,canon4 ,?is1 ) c]ta9 unimportant 
*anges1 0 all[$ to /& 9 ! new           
composition z x 0 9 ! ,missal4 ,b ! la/ 
words ( ! ,sanctus1 ) :i* ! ,preface    
inv>iably concludes3 ,bless$ is ,he t   
come? 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l1 al?\gh all[$ to /&

 9 ! fir/ ,book ( ,common ,pray] (      
#aedi1 0 remov$ 9 ! subsequ5t ,book (   
#aeeb1 & does n f9d a place 9 ! pres5t  
,communion ,s]vice4 ,! reason = ?is lat]
 *ange is obvi\s4 ,) ! new ,canon we    
come to und]/& ! full significance ( !  
*anges made 9 ! new liturgy4 ,our pres5t
 detail$ k ( ! ,canon ( ! ,mass goes    
back = ?irte5 hundr$ ye>s1 &1 ) !       
exception ( "o %ort clause ins]t$ by ,/4
 ,gregory ! ,great1 x has rema9$ un*ang$
 to ! pres5t day4 ,?is alone is a       
suffici5t te/imony to ! v5]ation 9 :i* !
 pray] 0 reg>d$4 ,x 0 a sacr$ h]itage1  
com+ to ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* f unkn[n       
antiquity1 & x 0 sub/antially ! same 9 e
 ,we/]n liturgy4  ,! ,canon ( ! ,fir/   
,communion s]vice 01 s f> z ideas g1 an 
absolutely new ,canon4 ,outw>dly1 ev51 x
 0 s diff]5t to ! ,canon ( ! ,mass t x 0
 *>act]is$ by ! common p z a ,*ri/mas   
game4 ,x (f]s pray]s to ,god 9 place (  
^! gifts1 ^! (f]+s1 ^! holy undefil$    
sacrifices ( ! ,ca?olic ,canon2 & 9 a   
^w1 e idea or expression ( ! anci5t     

doctr9e ( sacrifice 0 /udi\sly omitt$ by
 ! compos]s ( ! new ,pray] ,book4 ,9    
fact1 ! words ( ,consecration1 or z !y  
are n[ frequ5tly call$1 ,in/itution1 :i*
 x might h be5 suppos$ ev5 ,cranm] w\ld 
h respect$ z too sacr$ to t\* or tamp]  
)1 are *ang$ = a =mula tak5 f ! new     
,lu!ran use ( ,nuremb]g1 :i* _h be5     
drawn up by ,osi&]1 ,cranm]'s relative  
by m>riage4  ,9 brief1 !n1 x is         
impossible = any unbias$ m9d to comp>e !
 anci5t ,canon ( ! ,holy ,mass--! ,canon
 :i* /ill exi/s un*ang$ 9 our ,missals  
to-day--) ! relative "p ( ! new         
,communion s]vice )\t see+ t bo? 9 _s & 
sub/ance ! ,fir/ ,pray] ,book ( ,edw>d  
,,vi 0 conceiv$ ) ! design ( gett+ rid (
 ! ,ca?olic ,mass altoge!r4 #a ,x 0 z   
little a translation ( ! ,lat9 ,missal z
 ! simil> ,lu!ran productions ( ,g]many1
 :i* 7 o/5sibly bas$ ^u ! design ( gett+
 rid ( ! sacrificial "* ( ! ,mass       
altoge!r4 ,! ,fir/ ,pray] ,book ( #aedi 
m]ely repres5t$ "o /age ( ! d[ngrade (  
,eu*>i/ic doctr9e 9 dep>ture f ! old    

,ca?olic beliefs t[>ds ! m advanc$      
,prote/ant s*ools ( ?\ght repres5t$ by  
,calv9 & o!rs4 ,s ano!r--! second       
liturgy ( ,edw>d ,,vi--0 soon 9         
prep>ation & 0 issu$ 9 #aeeb4   #a ,= ! 
conv5i5ce ( ^? int]e/$ ?is comp>ison may
 be f\nd at ! end ( ?is lecture4   ,9 "o
 ?+ only did x diff]4 ,9 ! ,fir/ ,pray] 
,book ! ,communion s]vice conta9$ "s    
%r$s ( a ,canon1--a new ,canon1 x is    
true1 b a ,canon1--:]eas ,lu!r's decl>$ 
int5tion 0 to get rid ( :at he call$ !  
abom9able ,canon altoge!r1 leav+ only ! 
words ( ,in/itution4 ,?is too 0 effect$ 
9 ! ,second ,pray] ,book ( #aeeb4 ,9 ?is
 also !re is "o significant omission    
among/ a numb] ( o!r *anges4 ,f !       
,sanctus aft] ! ,preface & imm$iately   
lead+ up to ! ,canon ! words ,bless$ is 
,he :o come? 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l are omitt$ z
 if to emphasise ! rejection ( ! doctr9e
 ( ,transub/antiation 9 ! new =mulae4   
,x is unnecess>y to d m ?an po9t out t !
 rejection ( au?ority 9 religi\s matt]s 
_h already ! consequ5ces :i* any        

reasonable man w\ld h prophesi$ = a     
sy/em ( religion f\nd$ ^u ! royal p[]1  
or1 z 9 ?is case ( ! "y ,k+ ,edw>d1 ^u !
 p]sonal op9ions ( 8 m9i/]s4 ,x is 9 "s 
qu>t]s ! fa%ion n[adays to assume t !re 
7 no sub/antial *anges 9 ! ,liturgy ( ! 
,*ur* at ?is p]iod1 & t ! ,ca?olic ,mass
 & ! ,anglican ,communion s]vice to-day 
are ess5tially & sub/antially ! same4   
,to any "o1 :o w put ! "o by ! side ( ! 
o!r & note ! *anges & omissions1 x mu/  
appe> z cle> z ! noonday sun t !re is a 
diff]5ce1 ess5tial & sub/antial1 dep5d+ 
^u doctr9al tea*+1 on :i* !re %\ld be no
 misund]/&+4 ,i am n "h conc]n$ to      
det]m9e :e!r ^! *anges 7 good or bad4   
,:at ,i wi% to make cle> is t ^! *anges 
7 made1 & t !y are significant ( a *ange
 9 doctr9e4    ,,note  ,,comp>ison ,,(  
,,! ,,mass ,,& ,,! ,,communion ,,s]vice 
,missal    ,sanctus   ,holy1 ,holy1     
,holy ,"l ,god ( ,ho/s   ,! ,heav5s &   
e>? are full ( ,?y glory   ,hosanna 9 ! 
highe/   ,bless$ is he t ,come? 9 ! ,"n 
( ! ,"l4#a ,hosanna1 etc4  --to receive 

& to bless ^! gifts1 ^! oblations1 ^!   
holy & spotless ho/s :i* we (f] up to   
,!e--  ,:]e=e1 we besee* ,!e ,o ,"l to  
be appeas$ by ?is oblation :i* we 4 4 4 
(f]  ,v\*safe to bless ?is same         
,oblation to take x = ,?y v-own 4 4 4 s 
t on our behalf x may be made into !    
,body & ,blood ( ,j4 ,c41 etc4  ,:]e=e 4
 4 4 we 4 4 4 (f] up to ?9e ,excell5t4  
,maje/y 444 a ,victim :i* is pure1 a    
,victim :i* is holy1 a ,victim :i* is   
/a9less1 ! holy ,bread ( life ev]la/+ & 
! ,cup ( et]nal salvation 4 4 4  ,humbly
 we besee* ,!e1 ,almighty ,god to comm& 
t by ! h&s ( ,?y ,holy ,angel1 ?is our  
,sacrifice be uplift$ to ?9e ,alt> on   
high   #aedi  ,our ,"l :o made !re ^u ! 
,cross by 8 "o oblation once (f]$1 a    
full p]fect & suffici5t sacrifice1      
oblation & satisfaction 4 4 4 & did     
in/itute & 9 8 holy ,gospel comm& u to  
celebrate a p]petual memory ( t 8       
preci\s dea?4 #b  --to receive ^! our   
pray]s & supplications #c-- :i* we (f]  
unto #c ?y ,div9e ,maje/y4  ,v\*safe to 

bless & #c sanctify ^! ?y gifts &       
creatures ( bread & w9e1 t !y may be    
unto u ! ,body & ,blood--  ,:]e=e444 we 
d celebrate & make "h be=e ,?y ,div9e   
,maje/y1 ) ^! ,?y holy gifts ! memorial 
:i* ,?y ,son ha? will$ u to make 4 4 4  
desir+ !e to accept ?is our ,sacrifice (
 praise & ?anksgiv+ 4 4 4  & we (f] &   
pres5t unto ,!e ourselves1 our s\ls &   
bodies to be a reasonable1 holy & lively
 sacrifice to ,!e  accept ?is our b\nd5 
duty & s]vice & comm& ^! our pray]s &   
supplications by ! m9i/ry ( ,?y ,holy   
,angels to be br\ght up into ,?y holy   
,tab]nacle #d   #a ,bless$ is he :o     
come?1 etc41 left out 9 #aeeb &         
subsequ5t rec5sions4  #b ,?is is /ill   
f\nd 9 ! ,communion ,s]vice4  #c ,omitt$
 9 #aeeb  #d ,omitt$ 9 #aeeb4 ,!        
,am]ican ,s]vice has accept ?is our     
b\nd5 duty & ,s]vice z above1 b ,,leaves
 out & comm& ^!1 etc4    ,,iii  ,,iii   
,,! ,,prie/hood  ,,la/ ,sunday ,i spoke 
( ! ,ca?olic doctr9e ( ! ,mass & ! ,holy
 ,eu*>i/2 ,i po9t$ out :at our fai?     

taught u ab\t ! ,bless$ ,sacram5t & h[ !
 ,mass 0 to our ,ca?olic =efa!rs & to u 
to-day1 ! c5tral act ( wor%ip ( ,god2 & 
t ! ,holy ,communion 9 a v true s5se is 
! food ( our spiritual life1 z x b9ds u 
to ,god & br+s ,him into our lives 9    
tru? & 9 reality1 :i* is ! end & object 
( e act ( religion4 ,i po9t$ out to y t 
by ! pr9ciples ( ! ,re=mation1 adopt$ by
 ! foll[]s ( ! ,lu!ran !ology 9 ,engl&1 
! ,mass1 z a ,sacrifice & ,oblation1 0 n
 m]ely attack$ doctr9ally1 & spok5 ( by 
! m5 ( ! ,new ,le>n+ ) scurril\s        
pr(anity1 b de/roy$ altoge!r1 z f> z x 0
 possible = !m to d4 ,! s]vice (        
,communion 9 ! ,new ,book ( ,common     
,pray]1 design$ to take ! place ( !     
anci5t missals1 0 drawn up 9 su* a way z
 to get rid ( e expression ( ! ,ca?olic 
doctr9e z to ! ,sacrifice ( ! ,mass1    
absolutely4 ,if ! old dictum lex or&i e/
 lex cr$5di--pray] foll[s belief--has   
any application at all1 x mu/ be obvi\s 
9 ?is case t ! au?ors ( ! new ,engli%   
,pray] ,book _h completely reject$ !    

,ca?olic belief z to ! ,mo/ ,holy       
,sacram5t4 ,! pro( lies n 9 ! new =ms   
only :5 comp>$ ) ! old1 b 9 ! cle> &    
def9ite /atem5ts ( ^? :o _h ! ma9 %>e 9 
draw+ up ! ,communion ,s]vice ( ! ,book 
( ,common ,pray] & ! *ief "p 9 impos+   
its acceptance ^u ! p ( ,engl&4  ,i "k  
well t 9 comp>atively late times "o     
s*ool ( ?\ght 9 ! ,engli% ,*ur* h       
endeav\r$ to get back to ! old ,ca?olic 
doctr9e ( ! ,sacrifice ( ! ,mass4 ,"s h 
be5 s dissatisfi$ ) ! =mula ( !         
,communion 9 ! ,book ( ,common ,pray] t 
!y h add$ to x & h ev5 9 "s cases made  
use ( our anci5t ,canon f ! ,lat9       
missal4 ,9 o!r in/ances1 z 9 !          
,communion ,s]vice 9 ! ,am]ican ,*ur*1 a
 long] ,canon _h be5 adopt$1 tak5 f !   
,fir/ ,pray] ,book ( #aedi & arrang$    
diff]5tly f t ( ! ,second ,book n[ 9 use
 9 ,engl&4 ,b ! doctr9e 9 ?is is 9 no   
s5se our ,ca?olic doctr9e4 ,=1 al?\gh ! 
words sacrifice & oblation may be f\nd 9
 x1 z inde$ 9 ! ,anglican prototype1 !  
^w signifies n ! ,ca?olic sacrifice1 !  

(f]+ up ( ! ,body & ,blood ( our ,"l z a
 liv+ victim ^u ! alt>1 b z ! words 9 ! 
,communion (fice def9e x1 our sacrifice 
( praise & ?anksgiv+1 9 :i* we (f] &    
pres5t ourselves1 our s\ls & bodies1 to 
be a reasonable1 holy & liv+ sacrifice  
unto !e4 ,m9d1 = my pres5t purpose1 ,i  
am n "h cont5d+ t ! "w ( ! ,re=m]s 9 !  
#af? c5tury 9 ?us compos+ a new =mula 0 
wrong4 ,all ,i w\ld insi/ ^u is t ?is 0 
9 fact done2 t c]ta9 anci5t ,ca?olic    
pr9ciples 7 ab&on$ 9 ! ,new ,communion  
,s]vice1 & t ?is new ,book by ! au?ority
 ( ! ,/ate 0 impos$ ^u ! consci5ces (   
all4  ,t ! *ange ?us =cibly effect$ 0   
dislik$ v g5]ally _c be d\bt$4 ,! new   
,s]vice 0 ord]$ to come into g5]al use 9
 ! ,*ur*es on ,:itsunday1 #aedi1 & ! v  
next day ! p ( ,/am=d ,c\rt5ay 9 ,devon 
compell$ _! p>i% prie/ to return to !   
old missal4 ,?is 0 b an indication ( !  
_s ( ! p & a beg9n+ ( ^? num]\s         
di/urbances 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! c\ntry :i* 
= a "t s]i\sly al>m$ ! m5 9 p[]4 ,9     
,ox=d%ire ! ris+ 0 put d[n ) a firm h& &

 _m prie/s 7 hang$ f ! t[]s ( _! p>i%   
*ur*es1 z ! obvi\s lead]s ( _! p to     
resi/ ^! innovations4 ,9 ,devon%ire !   
ris+ took a m s]i\s aspect & ! p        
assembl$ 9 _! ?\s&s dem&+ ! re/oration (
 ! ,lat9 ,mass & ! abolition ( ! new    
s]vice 9 ,engli%1 :i* !y describ$ z a   
,*ri/mas game4 ,we w h1 !y said1 ! ,mass
 z ( old & ! ,bless$ ,sacram5t hang+ 9  
our *ur*es2 & to %[ ! religi\s "* ( _!  
revolt aga9/ ! ,/ate-imposition ( ! new 
=m ( religion1 ! insurg5ts c>ri$ ! ,mo/ 
,holy ,sacram5t 9 a pyx 9 _! mid/1 &    
m>*$ ) processional crosses & bann]s4   
,by ! aid ( =eign m]c5>ies--,g]man &    
,italian--!y 7 defeat$1 & ?\s&s1 "s say 
tw5ty ?\s& ( ! m5 :o rose 9 def5ce ( !  
,ca?olic doctr9e ( ! ,mass 7 slaught]$4 
,we h n[ to g a /ep f>!r 9 our contra/ (
 our ,ca?olic belief ) ! ,re=mation     
pr9ciples4 ,?is morn+ ,i propose to     
speak ( ! sacr$ prie/hood4 ,! ,ca?olic  
doctr9e ( ! ,sacrifice ( ! ,mass imples 
a sacrific+ prie/hood4 ,to u a prie/ 9 !
 fir/ place is a man *os51 set aside &  

consecrat$ = ! s]vice ( ! alt>4 ,he is a
 man &1 alas6 sometimes1 9 spite ( !    
dignity ( 8 call+1 he %[s himself to be 
v human2 b by ! vocation ( ,god t is    
giv5 to him & by 8 ord9ation at ! h&s ( 
! bi%op he receives a "* :i* no?+ c take
 away & :i* enables him to /& be=e !    
alt> & (f] ! ,*ri/ian ,sacrifice4 ,at 8 
^w1 spok5 by ! p[] ,god has giv5 him1 he
 *anges ! elem5ts ( bread & w9e into !  
true & real ,body & ,blood ( ,*ri/1 &   
(f]s !m to ,god a sacrifice = ! liv+ & !
 dead4 ,?is is ! ,ca?olic belief z to ! 
prie/hood1 & x has be5 ! belief (       
,ca?olics f ! e>lie/ ages4 ,i am n      
conc]n$ to prove ?is1 b m]ely /ate x z a
 "p ( our belief4  ,z might be expect$1 
! doctr9e is set =? cle>ly 9 ! =m (     
,ord9ation1 to be f\nd 9 ! anci5t       
,pontificals1 or ,books conta9+ ^? =ms1 
:i* to-day are practically ! same z ^?  
us$ 9 ,engl& 9 ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,if we 
take ! rite ( ,ord9ation to ! prie/hood 
we %all imm$iately note 9 ! address (   
admonition to ! c&idates t ! ,bi%op     

speaks ( ! purity ( life necess>y = ^?  
:o celebrate ,mass & consecrate ! ,body 
& ,blood ( ,*ri/2 ^: h&s are ano9t$ t !y
 may "k t !y receive ! grace (          
,consecrat+2 & :o receive ! *alice &    
pat5 to %[ !y receive ! p[] ( (f]+      
sacrifices pleas+ to ,god1 s9ce x       
belongs to !m to consecrate ! sacram5t (
 ! ,body & ,blood ( ! ,"l on ,god's     
alt>4 ,! c&idate is likewise rem9d$ ( ! 
excell5ce ( ! prie/ly (fice by virtue ( 
:i* ! ,passion ( ,*ri/ is daily         
celebrat$ on ! alt>4  ,9 ! c\rse ( !    
rite1 ! prie/'s h&s are bless$1 s9ce he 
is to consecrate ! sacrifice (f]$ = !   
s9s & (f5ces ( ! p2 & he is giv5 !      
*alice1 etc41 to %[ =? & emphasise ! p[]
 to (f] sacrifice & celebrate ! ,mass2 &
 9 ! f9al bless+ ,god is ask$ to bless !
 newly orda9$ 9 ! prie/ly ord] :o is to 
(f] ,sacrifices pleas+ to ,him4 ,9 a ^w 
! :ole ,ord9ation s]vice 9 ! ,ca?olic   
,pontifical reit]ates & mo/ emphatically
 /ates ! fact t ! prie/ is orda9$ to (f]
 up ! ,sacrifice ( ! ,body & ,blood (   

,*ri/ ^u ! alt>4 ,?is is ! dom9ant note 
runn+ ?r\gh ! entire rite3 ! orda9$ is  
made a sacrific+ prie/4 ,t[>ds ! close (
 ! c]emony1 & aft] ! new prie/ has act$ 
z su* by co-consecrat+ ) ! ,bi%op at    
,mass1 ! ,bi%op gives him ! p[] (       
jurisdiction by plac+ 8 h&s ^u 8 head   
say+3 ,receive ! ,holy ,gho/3 ^: s9s ye 
%all =give !y are =giv51 etc4  ,?is 0 ! 
rite ( ,ord9ation to ! prie/hood :i* 0 9
 exi/5ce 9 ,engl& at ! "t :5 ! ,fir/    
,pray] ,book ( ,edw>d ,,vi 0 impos$ on !
 ,engli% cl]gy & p4 ,on ! face ( x !re  
c\ld be no possibility ( all[+ ?is old  
,ord9ation s]vice to /& z x 04 ,! ,mass 
_h be5 *ang$ into a ,communion          
s]vice1--a memorial ( ,*ri/'s           
,passion1--& ! doctr9al tea*+ ( ! =m] _h
 be5 made1 rightly or wrongly1 to give  
place to ! ,re=m$ pr9ciples cle>ly      
express$ 9 ! latt]4 ,! notion ( oblation
 & sacrifice 0 n[ :olly =eign to !      
,eu*>i/ic tea*+1 z und]/ood by ! foll[]s
 ( ! ,lu!ran ,g]man re=m$ religion1 :o  
_h presid$ ov] ! composition ( ! new    

,pray] ,book4 ,x became !re=e necess>y  
to draw up ano!r =m = ! ,ord9ation (    
m9i/]s1 conceiv$ on ! same doctr9al     
basis z t ( ! ,book ( ,common ,pray]4   
,?is new ,ord9al 0 9 fact already prep>$
 :5 ! ,pray] ,book 0 issu$1 & on ,janu>y
 #e1 #aeej1 a ,bill to sanction x 0     
introduc$ into ! ,h\se ( ,pe]s4 ,x gave 
rise to mu* discussion1 & = refus+ to   
ass5t to x "o ( ! bi%ops 0 lodg$ 9 !    
prison :]e o!rs ( ! ,ca?olic-m9d$       
prelates 7 already conf9$4 ,! ,new =m & 
mann] ( mak+ & consecrat+ ar*bi%ops1    
bi%ops1 prie/s1 & deacons 01 h[ev]1     
approv$ ( by ,p>liam5t 9 anticipation & 
ord]$ to be ready = ,april #a4  ,! new  
,ord9al did 9 reg>d to ! anci5t ,ca?olic
 ,pontifical :at ! ,communion s]vice _h 
done = ! ,missal4 ,hav+ fir/ swept away 
all ! m9or ,ord]s & ! ,subdiaconate1 !  
new =m c>efully & sy/ematically exclud$ 
e ^w t c\ld be int]pret$ to mean t !    
c&idate 0 orda9$ to be a sacrific+      
prie/4 ,= ! mo/ "p ! new rite 0 a new   
composition1 drawn up to meet ! doctr9al

 views z to ! ,holy ,eu*>i/ ( ! ,engli% 
,re=m]s ( advanc$ ,lu!ran pr9ciples4 ,"o
 ( ! few passages ( ! ,pontifical       
pres]v$ 9 ! ,ord9al 7 ! words1 ,receive 
! ,holy ,gho/3 ^: s9s ye %all =give1    
etc1 :i* accompani$ ! ,imposition ( ,h&s
 aft] ! ord9ation 9 ! anci5t rite &     
conf]r$ ! p[] ( ! ,keys4 ,9 ! new rite  
?is subord9ate =m became ! sub/antial =m
 ( ! new ,ord9ation s]vice1 al?\gh 9 x  
!re 0 = a hundr$ ye>s1 until #affb1 no  
m5tion ( ! ,ord] conf]r$4 ,!re c be     
h>dly any d\bt t ?is omission came ab\t 
by ! adoption ( ! old =m by ! compil]s (
 ! new ,ord9al4 ,9 ! case ( ! ,ca?olic  
,pontifical no su* specific m5tion 0    
call$ =1 z :5 us$ 9 t to convey         
jurisdiction1 ! prie/ 0 already orda9$ &
 _h co-celebrat$ ) ! ,bi%op4  ,once m ,i
 repeat t ,i am n "h conc]n$ ) any      
discussion z to :e!r ! new ,ord9al 0    
bett] or worse ?an ! anci5t ,pontifical4
 ,i desire m]ely to br+ out ! facts & to
 make x cle> t ! s]vice ( ,holy         
,communion 9 ! ,book ( ,common ,pray] & 

! ,ord9ation s]vice 9 a doctr9al po9t ( 
view g toge!r4 ,!y are ! expression ( a 
*ange1 ( a s]i\s organic *ange f !      
anci5t tea*+s ( ! ,fai?1 z express$ 9 ! 
,missal & ,pontifical4 ,! ,pray] ,book &
 ! ,ord9al ( ,edw>d ,,vi 7 ! s]i\s      
expression ( ! delib]ate alt]ation 9 !  
,eu*>i/ic tea*+s ( ! (ficial heads ( !  
,*ur* 9 ,engl& at ?is "t4 ,!y con/itut$ 
a break1 cle>1 %>p & decisive ) ! pa/4  
,!re c be no d\bt ( ?is 9 view ( !      
facts4 ,! *ange may h be5 = good or =   
ill1 b x c h>dly be d5i$ t x 0 made1 &  
made n by accid5t b ( set purpose4 ,x 0 
a delib]ate brea* 9 ! cont9uity ( tea*+ 
z to ! ,holy ,eu*>i/ & ! ,sacrifice ( ! 
,mass1 :i* _h exi/$ 9 ! ,*ur* 9 ,engl& f
 ! e>lie/ days ( ,*ri/ianity2 & ! new   
tea*+ f\nd its expression 9 ! new       
=mul>ies4 #a   #a ,! subsequ5t hi/ory ( 
! ,anglican ,*ur* %[s t ev5 ! ne$ (     
,episcopal ord9ation 0 n consid]$       
absolutely necess>y = ! adm9i/ration ( !
 ,sacram5ts 9 t ,communion4 ,x 0 n1     
inde$1 until #affb t x 0 legally        

necess>y = a b5efic$ cl]gyman to h be5 s
 orda9$4 ,bi%op ,hook] himself admitt$ !
 m9i/ration & receiv$ ! ,communion f !  
h&s ( ,s>avia :o 0 a ,calv9i/ic m9i/]4  
,! tru? ( ?is position is upheld by !   
pres5t ,anglican ,bi%op ( ,durham 9 a   
lett] to ! ,london ,times ( ,dec4 #ac1  
#aiac4 ,he cites z witnesses3 ,bancr(t1 
:o c>ri$ 8 colleagues1 includ+ ,&rews1 )
 him 9 consecrat+ ,presbyt]ian m9i/]s   
,bi%ops = ,scotl& 9 #afji2 ,&rews1 :o   
claims 'our gov]nm5t to be by ,div9e "r1
 yet x foll[s n t a ,*ur* _c /& )\t x'3 
,us%]1 :o says 7to ,du ,m\l971 aft] a   
solemn ass]tion ( ! greatness (         
,episcopacy1 t he is prep>$1 to receive 
! ,bless$ ,sacram5t at ! h& ( ! ,fr5*   
m9i/]s if he 7 at ,*>5ton' 4 4 4 &      
,cos91 ass]t+ 9 8 ,w 8 'union ( s\l )   
all ! or?odox1' ':i* ,i desire *iefly to
 be und]/ood ( ,prote/ants & ! be/      
,re=m$ ,*ur*es4'   ,!re c be no d\bt z  
to :at ! ard5t ,re=m]s1 :o _h ! matt] 9 
h&1 int5d$ to d4 ,! press teem$ ) books 
( ribald d5unciation ( ! ,sacrifice ( ! 

,mass & ! ,ord]s ( ! anci5t ,ca?olic    
rite 7 d]id$ 9 su* t]ms z greasy & /9k+ 
,ord]s4 ,moreov]1 ! de/ruction ( ! alt>s
 obvi\sly emphasis$ ! *ange :i* _h tak5 
place4 ,! abolition ( ! ,sacrifice & !  
,sacrific+ prie/hood made !m obsolete & 
unnecess>y4 ,bi%op ,ridley1 a re=m+     
prelate ( ! mo/ uncompromis+ type1      
direct$ ! ,*ur*w>d5s ( ,london to pull  
d[n ! popi% alt>s & to procure 9 _!     
place ! =m ( a table 9 ord] m & m to    
turn ! simple f ! old sup]/iti\s op9ions
 ( ! popi% ,mass4 ,! sub/itute = !      
,ca?olic alt>s 0 to be aft] ! =m ( an   
hone/ table dec5tly cov]$1 & 0 to be    
plac$ any:]e 9 ! *ancel or *oir1 z 0    
f\nd mo/ conv5i5t4 ,at ,/4 ,paul's1     
,london1 = example1 v>i\s exp]im5ts 7   
made bo? z to ! be/ position ( ! table &
 z to h[ be/ ! m9i/] c\ld /& at x4 ,f\r 
ye>s lat] ,bi%op ,:ite ( ,w9*e/] taunt$ 
,ridley ab\t ?is4 ,:5 y\r table 0       
con/itut$1 he said1 y c\ld nev] be      
cont5t 9 plac+ ! same1 n[ ea/1 n[ nor?1 
n[ "o way1 n[ ano!r1 until x pleas$ ,god

 ( ,8 goodness to place x clean out ( ! 
,*ur*4  ,beyond ?is ! alt>-/ones1 :i* by
 solemn rites & ! unction ( ,holy ,oil  
_h be5 consecrat$ to ,god = ! ,sacrifice
 ( ! ,mass1 & ^u :i* ! ,body & ,blood ( 
,*ri/ _h be5 (f]$ daily = ! liv+ & !    
dead1 7 n only pull$ d[n1 ca/ out ( !   
*ur* & defac$1 b 7 out ( d]ision &      
contempt set 9 ! floor or ! doorway t ! 
pass]-by might tread !m "u foot2 or 7   
turn$ to o!r /ill m debas$ uses4 ,to u  
,ca?olics ! consecrat$ alt>1 ) its      
relics ( ! sa9ts & ! memories ( its     
hall[$ consecration1 is ! mo/ sacr$ ?+1 
set ap>t to ,god's s]vice1 toge!r ) !   
*alice & ! pat5 9 :i* & ^u :i* ! my/]y (
 ! sacram5tal r5ewal ( ,*ri/'s ,passion 
is effect$ by ! words ( ! prie/4 ,x 0   
?is hall[$ /one :i* 0 treat$ ) disda9 & 
di%on\r4 ,to ^? :o w\ld h u ?9k t ! :ole
 ( ! *anges made at ! "t ( ! ,re=mation 
7 m]e prote/s1 aga9/ :at !y please to   
call ! abuse ( ! ,mass1 9 !             
multiplication ( ,masses = ! liv+ & !   
dead1 ! fact ( ! contemptu\s & :olesale 

de/ruction ( ! anci5t alt>s & !         
sub/itution ( a moveable table1 %\ld be 
suffici5t to %[ t x 0 no abuse t 0 ?\ght
 (1 or aim$ at1 b ! abolition ( !       
,sacrifice altoge!r4  ,b !re 7 o!r      
indications t ?is abolition ( ! ,mass & 
prie/hood 0 ! set policy ( ! m5 9 p[] at
 ?is "t4 ,a m advanc$ ,calv9i/ ?an ev5  
,ridley urg$ ! p>ty =w>d on ! d[n grade 
( ,ca?olic doctr9e4 ,9 #aeej ,john      
,hoop] 0 (f]$ ! bi%opric ( ,gl\ce/]1 b  
refus$ x1 p>tly because ( ! m5tion (    
,sa9ts 9 ! ,new ,ord9al1 b ma9ly because
 ( ! ve/m5ts1 :i* he w\ld be call$ ^u to
 we> & :i* he reg>d$ z a>onic           
abom9ations4 ,y h got rid ( ! ,mass1 he 
said1 !n rid y\rselves ( ! fea!rs ( !   
,mass also4 ,lat]1 h[ev]1 :5 9 doctr9al 
pr9ciple ,cranm] & o!rs _h advanc$ fur!r
 9 ! direction ( ,calv91 ,hoop] 0       
consecrat$ accord+ to ! new ,ord9al on 8
 own t]ms4 ,! ,mass 0 gone2 ! prie/hood 
_h pass$ away2 ! alt>s 7 pull$ d[n 9 !  
sanctu>ies2 ! consecrat$ /ones 7 brok5 &
 di%on\r$1 & :y %\ld n !                

,ve/m5ts--,a>onic                       
abom9ations--indicative ( ! sacrificial 
"* ( ! prie/ be disp5s$ ) also8  ,! "t 0
 propiti\s = ,cranm] to take measures = 
! f9al de/ruction ( ! old ord]4 ,s9ce ! 
imposition ( ! ,fir/ ,book ( ,common    
,pray] he _h _h "t to gr[ out ( 8       
previ\s ,lu!ranism & _h come "u ! spell 
( ,calv9 & 8 adh]5ts 9 ,g5eva4 ,! ,re=m]
 _h writt5 to ,cranm] a p]sonal lett]   
urg+ him to be m active & ha/5 on !     
movem5t ( ,re=m4 ,! ,ar*bi%op (         
,cant]bury _h repli$ begg+ ,calv9 to ply
 ,k+ ,edw>d ) lett]s urg+ him to        
eradicate ! la/ ve/iges ( ! old         
sup]/ition4 ,?is 0 ! _s :i* presid$ at !
 composition ( ! ,second ,book ( ,edw>d 
,,vi4 ,x 0 issu$ 9 #aeeb1 & be=e ?is    
commissions 7 dispat*$ ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry 
to seize 9 ! ,k+'s "n all *ur* plate &  
ve/m5ts4  ,i h already spok5 a ^w ab\t  
?is f9al rec5sion ( ! ,liturgy ( ,edw>d 
,,vi4 ,x is "h suffici5t to say t x 0   
,calv9i/ic 9 its conception & doctr9e4  
,9 ! ,fir/ ,pray] ,book !re 0 "s slight 

outw>d resemblance to ! ,mass4 ,?is 0   
swept away1 &1 to use ! expression ( "o 
:o liv$ at ! "t1 ?is new liturgy _h made
 a v hay ( ! ,mass4 ,( ! anci5t ,canon1 
:i* ! ,apo/olic ,see _h possess$ f !    
e>lie/ ages & _h kept inviolate1 no?+ 0 
all[$ to survive1 ev5 z to =m4 ,great   
,popes l ,/4 ,leo & ,/4 ,gregory _h     
ins]t$ a few words into ?is inh]itance (
 ! ,*ur* ) fe> & rev]5ce4 ,su* m5 w\ld h
 consid]$ x sacrilegi\s & impi\s to alt]
 or reject any "p ( x4 ,cranm] & 8      
foll[]s felt no su* scruples4 ,!y fir/  
mutilat$ x & alt]$ x to _! he>t's cont5t
 & f9ally got rid ( ne>ly e ^w ( x      
altoge!r4 ,! outcome ( _! "w may be     
/udi$ 9 ! ,anglican ,book ( ,common     
,pray] to-day1 :]e ! ,communion ,s]vice 
is sub/antially t ( ! ,book ( #aeeb4    
,,iv  ,,iv  ,,! ,,*ur* ,,by ,,law       
,,e/abli%$  ,,be>+ 9 m9d :at ! ,ca?olic 
tea*+ 0 & is 9 reg>d to ! ,supremacy ( !
 ,pope1 ! ,holy ,mass & ! sacrificial "*
 ( ! prie/hood1 we c und]/& h[ f> away f
 ^! tea*+s ! legislation ( ,k+ ,edw>d's 

reign _h c>ri$ ,engl&4 ,to our ,ca?olic 
=efa!rs 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! #af? ,c5tury1 z  
to u to-day1 ! ,pope 0 ! ,supreme ,head 
( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur* & ! f\ndation (      
,*ri/ian unity4 ,! ,mass 0 ! great      
,*ri/ian ,sacrifice 9 :i* ! bread & w9e 
7 sub/antially *ang$ into ! v ,body &   
,blood ( our ,bless$ ,"l4 ,! prie/ at 8 
,ord9ation 0 giv5 a sacrificial "*1     
express$ cle>ly 9 ! rite1 emp[]+ him to 
(f] up ! ,eu*>i/ic ,sacrifice ^u !      
,*ri/ian alt>4 ,9 ! second qu>t] ( !    
#af? ,c5tury all ^! po9ts ( belief 7    
*ang$ by a small b det]m9$ b& ( ,engli% 
,re=m]s4  ,= a few ye>s1 on ! dea? (    
,edw>d ,,vi1 ,m>y re/or$ ! old religion2
 ! papal supremacy & jurisdiction 0 aga9
 ackn[l$g$2 ! alt>s 7 once m set up2 !  
anci5t liturgy ( ! ,mass 0 read aga9 f !
 old missals2 prie/s 7 aga9 orda9$      
accord+ to ! rite 9 ! ,ca?olic          
,pontifical1 & ! ord9ations ( ^? :o _h  
receiv$ ord]s "u ! ,edw>d9e ,ord9al 7   
reject$4 ,i pass ov] ! reign ( ,que5    
,m>y1 :i* came to an end ) h] dea? 9    

,novemb]1 #aeeh4 ,i am deal+ ) ,ca?olic 
beliefs contra/$ ) ! pr9ciples ( !      
,re=mation1 & 9 ?is brief reign ( ,que5 
,m>y ! c\ntry return$ to union ) ,rome1 
& all t ?is impli$4  ,( ?is reign1      
h[ev]1 ,i may be all[$ p]haps to add !  
v]dict ( ! late ,dr4 ,james ,gairdn]1 a 
non-,ca?olic hi/orian1 ?an :om no "o has
 a great] "r to speak ) au?ority4       
,hi/ory has be5 cruel to h] 7,m>y's7    
memory4 ,! horrid epi!t 'bloody1' be/[$ 
s unscrupul\sly alike on h] & on ,bonn] 
& ,g>d9] & ! bi%ops g5]ally1 _h at lea/ 
a plausible ju/ification 9 h] case f !  
sev]ities to :i* %e gave h] sanction4 4 
4 4 ,among ! victims1 no d\bt1 !re 7 _m 
true h]oes & really hone/ m51 b _m ( !m 
also w\ld h be5 p]secutors if !y _h _h  
_! way4 ,mo/ ( !m reta9$ ! belief 9 a   
,ca?olic ,*ur* b reject$ ! ,mass & held 
by ! s]vices au?oris$ 9 ,edw>d ,,vi4's  
reign4 ,b ( c\rse ?is meant complete    
rejection ( an old] au?ority--high]     
accord+ to ! "t-hon\r$ !ory ?an t ( any 
k+ or ,p>liam5t--:i* _h nev] be5 op5ly  

set aside until t g5]ation4  ,) ,que5   
,m>y's premature dea? religi\s          
difficulties reviv$4 ,at fir/ x 0 n     
g5]ally kn[n :e!r h] successor1         
,elizabe?1 w\ld rema9 /aun* to ! old    
religion or fav\r ! new1 al?\gh !re 7   
suspicions t %e 0 incl9$ to ! latt]4 ,%e
 0 welcom$ z sov]eign by all p>ties1    
,ca?olic z well z ,prote/ant1 & no "o n[
 ,i believe cr$its ! silly /ory t %e 0  
=c$ into ! arms ( ! ,re=m]s by ! refusal
 ( ! ,pope to recognise h] z lawful     
,que54  ,almo/ f ! fir/ x 0 easy to     
conjecture :i* way lay h] incl9ation4   
,by ! advice ( ,cecil1 h] *ief advis]1  
%e =m$ a secret cab9et )9 a cab9et1 :i* 
occupi$ itself ) a project = ! alt]ation
 ( religion1 z x is call$ 9 ! docum5t   
/ill extant4 ,^? n[ 9 ! ,pope's religion
 7 to be got rid (1 & by process ( law  
all 7 to be made to abjure ! ,pope (    
,rome & con=m !mselves to ! new         
alt]ations4 ,:at ^! alt]ations 9 ! =m ( 
religion signifi$ is n d\btful4 ,!y     
meant ! re9troduction ( ! liturgical    

re=ms ( ,edw>d's reign1 includ+ !       
abolition ( ! ,ca?olic missal & ,ord9al4
  ,"o ( ! fir/ measures propos$ to      
,p>liam5t at ! beg9n+ ( ! new reign 0 ! 
,act ( ,royal ,supremacy4 ,its object 0 
( c\rse to d away ) ! ,spiritual        
,supremacy ( ! ,pope & sub/itute t ( !  
,cr[n1 & a /r+5t oa? admitt+ ?is 0 to be
 requir$ ( all hold+ any (fice 9 !      
,/ate4 ,by ?is1 e adh]5t ( ! old fai? 0 
delib]ately exclud$ f any & e position 9
 ! ,*ur* or ,/ate4  ,at ?is "t t5 ( !   
,engli% ,sees 7 vacant & ! brunt ( !    
battle = ! pres]vation ( ! old religion 
fell ^u ! dim9i%$ numb] ( ,bi%ops 9 !   
,h\se ( ,lords4 ,_! h&s 71 h[ev]1       
/r5g!n$ greatly by a solemn pron\ncem5t 
made by ! cl]gy 9 ,convocation1 :]e9 !y 
decl>$ _! entire belief 9 ! ,ca?olic1 z 
oppos$ to ! ,re=m$ tea*+ ( ! exi/5ce ( !
 natural body ( ,*ri/ "u ! species (    
bread & w9e 9 ! ,sacram5t ( ! ,alt>1 by 
virtue ( ! ^w ( ,*ri/1 spok5 by ! prie/4
 ,!y decl>$ also _! belief 9 ! doctr9e (
 ,transub/antiation & 9 ! ,sacrifice ( !

 ,mass1 & at ! same "t affirm$ t to     
,bless$ ,pet] & to 8 lawful successors 9
 ! ,apo/olic ,see1 z ,vic>s ( ,*ri/1 has
 be5 giv5 ! supreme p[] ( fe$+ & rul+ ! 
,*ur* ( ,*ri/ ^u ,e>? & ( confirm+ _!   
bre?r54 ,! ,engli% univ]sities at ?is "t
 also made ! same decl>ation4 ,?us1 :5  
*ange ( religion & ! readoption ( !     
pr9ciples ( ! ,re=m$ ,*ur*es ( ,g]many  
:i* _h rul$ 9 ! days ( ,edw>d ,,vi4 0 9 
! air1 ! unfett]$ ,*ur* 9 ,engl&1 !     
bi%ops1 cl]gy & ! tea*+ bodies boldly   
decl>$ = ! old ca?olic fai? ( ! ,holy   
,eu*>i/1 ! ,mass & ! ,supremacy ( !     
,pope4  ,b1 ! p[] 0 aga9 9 ! h&s ( ^? :o
 desir$ ! alt]ation ( religion1 z x 0   
call$1 & ?is 0 effect$ ma9ly by ?ree    
acts ( ,p>liam5t4 ,by ! fir/1 ! t5?s on 
,ecclesia/ical prop]ty 7 giv5 ov] to !  
cr[n2 by ! second1 ! ,supremacy ( !     
sov]eign 9 matt]s ecclesia/ical 0       
reaffirm$2 & ! ?ird1 ! ,act ( ,uni=mity 
au?oris$ & impos$ "u s]i\s p5alties !   
,re=m$ ,pray] ,book ( ,edw>d ,,vi4 9    
place ( ! anci5t ,ca?olic ,missal &     

,pontifical4 ,! ,bi%ops 9 ! ,h\se (     
,lords f\ght ^! measures /ep by /ep &   
unanim\sly vot$ aga9/ !m4 ,) a few      
unimportant modifications ! new ,eu*>i/ 
(fice 0 t ( ! second ,book ( ,common    
,pray] ( #aeeb--! ,book1 f :i* e ve/ige 
( ! mass 9 its ess5tial p>ts _h be5     
remov$4 ,aft] a /ruggle1 9 :i* by "s    
means ! def5d]s ( ! old religion delay$ 
! passage ( ! measure1 x 0 pass$ by a   
majority ( only ?ree votes1 & )\t !     
support ( "o s+le spiritual pe]4 ,to a  
man ! ,bi%ops ( ! ,*ur* oppos$ ! ,bill4 
,! fam\s spee*es ( ,bi%op ,scot & (     
,abbot ,feck5ham1 9 :i* !y *all5g$      
hi/ory to produce a s+le in/ance :]e !  
bi%ops ( any *ur* 7 n consult$ & li/5$  
to 9 s mom5t\s a *ange1 7 ! la/         
con/itutional ef=ts ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&  
to prev5t ! innovations 9 matt]s (      
religion be+ impos$ by ,p>liam5t ^u !   
consci5ces ( ^? :o reg>d$ !m z h]etical4
 ,! v n>r[ majority1 :i* c>ri$ ?is      
religi\s revolution1 makes x m ?an      
likely t _! argum5ts _h weight4 ,!re c  

be no reasonable d\bt t _h t5 episcopal 
sees n be5 vacant at ?is "t ! int5tions 
( ! ,gov]nm5t w\ld h be5 defeat$1 at    
lea/ = a "t1 & ! new ,liturgy w\ld n !n 
h be5 impos$ ^u all by an act (         
,p>liam5t4 ,z x 01 ! ,elizabe?an        
settlem5t ( religion--z x is call$--re/$
 obvi\sly on ! infallibility ( ! odd    
?ree votes ( ! majority4  ,x 0 n[ t !   
,act ( ,uni=mity 9 ,religion came to be 
en=c$4 ,by x ! ,tudor maxim ,cujus regio
 ejus religio--t mu/ be ! religion ( a  
k+dom1 :i* is ! religion ( ! rul]--0    
c>ri$ out 9 practice4 ,! =m ( religion  
au?oris$ by ! ,que5 & ! ,p>liam5t>y     
majority 0 ! only "o all[$4 ,!          
consci5ces ( individuals 7 disreg>d$1 & 
j z 9 ! days ( ! p]secut+ pagan ,emp]ors
 ,*ri/ians 7 compell$ by =ce to ?r[     
inc5se on ! alt>s ( ! pagan gods1 s n[ )
 equal disreg>d = fre$om ( consci5ce    
,ca?olics--^? :o refus$ to accept !     
,elizabe?an settlem5t ( religion--7 =c$ 
by f9es1 imprisonm5t & o!r p5alties1 to 
att5d ! new s]vices 9 _! p>i% *ur*es4   

,!y became kn[n z ,recusants = refus+ to
 be pres5t at ! ,communion ,s]vice ( !  
,engli% ,pray] ,book1 :i* _h aga9 tak5 !
 place ( ! ,holy ,mass4  ,!n1 too1 began
 a sy/ematic attempt to /amp out ! old  
religion4 ,! prie/hood 0 proscrib$1 &   
prie/s 7 hunt$ d[n & exil$ = (f]+ up !  
,holy ,sacrifice ( ! ,mass2 &1 dur+ !   
c5turies ( p]secution1 :i* began ) !    
reign ( ,que5 ,elizabe?1 hundr$s (      
prie/s & o!rs 7 put to dea? = ! sole    
crime ( hav+ said or hav+ be5 pres5t at 
! ,mass4 ,9 ! well-kn[n phrase ( "o ( ! 
pres5t ,engli% cab9et m9i/]s3 ,x 0 !    
,mass t matt]$1 & ! real /ruggle 0 = ?is
 all along ! l9e4 ,to ! ,ca?olic1 :o    
realis$ all t ! ,mass meant1--h[ x 0 !  
c5tre ( 8 religion & ! sublime ,*ri/ian 
,sacrifice1 x 0 a po9t ( hon\r &        
consci5ce to imp]il =tune & ev5 life = s
 sacr$ a h]itage4 ,to ! ,prote/ant 9 ^? 
days ! ,mass 0 a fable & dang]\s deceit1
 & ) ,lu!r he desir$ above all ?+s to   
root out ?is sup]/ition f ! l&2 & s1 z  
!re c\ld be no ,mass )\t a ,mass-prie/1 

all ! ef=ts ( ^? 9 p[] 7 direct$ t[>ds  
extirpat+ all ^? :o cont9u$ 9 spite ( ! 
laws to ex]cise _! m9i/ry1 & to prev5t  
o!rs com+ f abroad to cont9ue _! "w1 :5 
!y ei!r p]i%$ on ! scaffold1 or worn out
 by ! long cont9u$ p]secution & con/ant 
se>*es = !m1 pass$ away 9 _! hid+       
places4 ,9 ,engl& & 9 ,irel& ! record ( 
?is t]rible "t makes u wond] h[ x 0     
possible t any remnant ( ! old religion 
c\ld h surviv$4  ,cecil1 :o 0 ! ma/]    
bra9 direct+ ! policy ( ,que5 ,elizabe?1
 _h c\nt$ ^u ! gradual ext9ction ( ! old
 ,m>ian prie/hood & ! consequ5t         
eradication ( ! old ,fai? f ! he>ts ( a 
p left )\t prie/ or tea*] or ,sacram5ts4
 ,f #aehj ! com+ ( ! ,jesuits & sem9>y  
prie/s f abroad1 to keep ! light ( !    
,fai? alive if possible1 9 spite ( f9es 
& ! rack & gall[s1 made x cle> to !     
all-p[]ful m9i/] t he _h miscalculat$ ! 
effect ( 8 repressive policy4 ,f t "t ! 
p]secution began 9 e>ne/4  ,:at         
contribut$ no d\bt to increase ! trials 
( ! ,engli% & ,iri% ,ca?olics 0 !       

emb>rass+ excommunication pron\nc$ by   
,pope ,pius ,v aga9/ ,que5 ,elizabe?4 ,x
 furni%$ ! gov]nm5t ) a weapon !y 7 n   
sl[ to seize ^u1 by mak+ x appe> to !   
popul> m9d z if a political (f5ce1 if n 
a crim9al treason1 0 connect$ ) !       
ex]cise ( ! ,ca?olic fai?4 ,ca?olics =  
be+ ,ca?olics 7 h5ce=? treat$ z         
traitors4 ,= ! la/ tw5ty ye>s ( ?is     
reign1 ) "o exception1 !re 7 num]\s     
executions = religion 9 ,engl&4 ,mo/ (  
^? :o suff]$ ?us 7 prie/s--,mass-prie/s 
z !y 7 call$ 9 d]ision ( _! sac]dotal   
"*4 ,?\s&s ( m5 & wom5 also 7 puni%$ "u 
! p5al laws = ! ex]cise ( ! old         
religion4 ,f9es & imprisonm5t 7 ! lot ( 
^? :o refus$ at any price to accept !   
religi\s settlem5t ( ! sov]eign--to     
accept ! =m ( religion :i* _! consci5ces
 refus$4 ,! sad records ( ?is p]iod %[ t
 _m a ,ca?olic family 0 impov]i%$ &     
de/roy$ by ! f9es levi$ ^u x4 ,gradually
 ev5 great e/ates _h to be sold to meet 
! dem&s ( p5al laws aga9/ recusancy--!  
refusal to att5d ! ,prote/ant s]vice4   

,!n foll[$ a long p]iod ( repression &  
o/racism4 ,= two c5turies ! un=tunate   
papi/ 0 %ut out ( ! life ( ! nation &   
subject to e insult & baseless          
accusation4 ,"o writ] :o liv$ dur+ ?is  
p]iod says ( ?is sy/em3 ,! exp]i5ce (   
,elizabe?'s reign _h %[n t ! infliction 
( actual dea? r\s$ a life-giv+ en?usiasm
 among ,ca?olics !mselves & sympa?y 9 ! 
witnesses ( _! suff]+s4 ,! p5al sy/em n[
 introduc$ 0 ! pref]5ce = gagg+ a man1  
b9d+ him h& & foot1 b&ag+ 8 eyes &      
imprison+ him = life1 r ?an kill+ him   
outright4  ,ev]y:]e ?r\gh\t ,engl& &    
,irel& !re 0 a /olid & h]oic resi/ance  
to ! imposition ( ! new =m ( ,/ate *ur* 
on ! "p ( ^? :o rema9$ true to ! old    
religion4 ,look+ back to ^? days (      
d>kness & despair x seems impossible to 
believe t any remnant ( ^? :o w\ld n b[ 
_! knees to ,baal c\ld survive ! sy/em  
by :i* x 0 hop$ to cru% !m4 ,& :5 lib]ty
 ( consci5ce 0 at la/ accord$ x 0 m 9 ! 
_s ( compassion ?an 9 any expectation t 
!y c\ld revive & live aga9 t x 0 giv54  

,z well might ! _w ?9k t ! wor%ip ( ,pan
 or ( ,jupit] w\ld spr+ aga9 into life z
 t ! poor1 despis$1 dy+ ,ca?olics c\ld  
exp& & gr[ once m into a position (     
respect & influ5ce1 reass]t+ & publicly 
uphold+ ! pr9ciples ( ! ,ca?olic ,fai?1 
= :i* _! =efa!rs 9 ,engl& & ,irel& _h   
suff]$ p]secution & ev5 dea?4  ,^!      
pr9ciples ,i h endeav\r$ to set out dur+
 ! pa/ f\r ,sundays4 ,ma9ly !re 7 only  
?ree1 :i* 7 attack$ by ! uphold]s ( !   
,re=mation doctr9es4 ,! ,papal          
,supremacy ov] ! ,*ur*1 ! safegu>d (    
unity ( ,fai?1 & a m>k ( ! ,*ur*1 ,*ri/ 
e/abli%$ 9 ?is _w2 ! ,*ri/ian           
,sacrifice--! ,mass1 attack$ & swept    
away by ! ,re=m]s2 & ! ,prie/hood 9 its 
sacrificial "*1 :i* 0 ! necess>y        
consequ5ce ( ! ,eu*>i/ic doctr9e upheld 
by ! ,g]man & ,engli% ,re=m]s4 ,!re 7 ( 
c\rse _m m9or po9ts ( ,ca?olic belief & 
practice :i* 7 attack$ & de/roy$ 9 ^!   
days2 su*1 = example1 z devotion to !   
,"m ( ,god & ! ,sa9ts1 & ! long e/abli%$
 cu/om ( bless$ a%es & c&les & ! creep+ 

to ! ,cross on ,good ,friday4 ,b ! ma9  
l9es ( dep>ture f ! ,ca?olic ,fai? along
 :i* ! ,re=mation mov$ 7 ! ?ree ,i h    
indicat$4 ,a return c be contemplat$    
only by frankly fac+ ! issues4 ,to-day  
we f9d m5 ( ! highe/ intellig5ce & good 
fai? claim+ to h ! same ,*ri/ian        
sacrifice & ! same sacrific+ prie/s z ! 
,ca?olic ,*ur*1 & !y are us+ a          
,communion ,s]vice f :i* ( set purpose e
 notion ( ,oblation & ,sacrifice has be5
 ru?lessly remov$1 & _! m9i/]s are      
orda9$ by an ,ord9al1 :i* design$ly 0   
compos$ to express ! rejection ( !      
sacrificial "* ( ! ,*ri/ian prie/4 ,!   
pray] = ,*ri/ian ,unity mu/ g up f e    
he>t1 b if x is to be some?+ m ?an      
s5tim5t1 ! facts mu/ be fac$ frankly & )
 c\rage4    ,,books ,,sugge/$ ,,=       
,,read+    ,%ort ,hi/ory ( ! ,*ur* 9    
,engl&4 ,gasquet4   ,h5ry ,,iii & !     
,*ur*4 ,gasquet4   ,roman ,law & ,canon 
,law4 ,maitl&4   ,loll>dy & !           
,re=mation1 #d vols4 ,gairdn]4   ,hi/ory
 ( ! ,re=mation4 ,blunt4   ,hi/ory ( !  

,engli% ,*ur* 9 ! #af? ,c5tury4         
,gairdn]4   ,! ,eve ( ! ,re=mation4     
,gasquet4   ,engl& "u ! ,old ,religion &
 ,o!r ,essays4 ,gasquet4   ,:at !n      
happ5$ at ! ,re=mation 79 above74       
,h5ry ,,viii & ! ,engli% ,mona/]ies4    
,gasquet4   ,h5ry ,,vi & ! ,book (      
,common ,pray]4 ,gasquet & ,bi%op4      
,:at ,edw>d ,,vi did ) ! ,liturgy 79    
,engl& "u ! ,old ,religion74   ,anglican
 ,ord9ations 79 above74   ,anglican     
,ord9ations4 ,canon ,e/c\rt4   ,! ,pope 
& ! ,ord9al4 ,s4 ,b>nes4   ,!           
,elizabe?an ,religi\s ,settlem5t4 ,h4   
,n4 ,birt4   ,hamp%ire ,recusants4      
,gasquet4   ,! ,l9e ( ,cleavage 7,c4 ,t4
 ,soc474 ,h4 ,n4 ,birt4   ,p>k] ,society
 publications4   ,ca?olic ,tru?         
,society--v>i\s ,hi/orical ,pap]s4   ,! 
,ecclesia ,anglicana1 = :at does x ,/&8 
,by ! ,bi%op (     ,tanzib>1 & subsequ5t
 correspond5ce 9 ! ,london ,times1      
,decemb]1 #aiac1 & ,janu>y1 #aiad4