,,conv]sation4 ,,conv]sation2 ,,its ,,faults ,,& ,,its ,,graces4 ,,compil$ ,,by ,,&rew ,p4 ,,peabody4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,bo/on ,,& ,,cambridge3 ,,james ,,munroe ,,& ,,company4 ,m ,,dccc ,,lv4 ,ent]$ accord+ to ,act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye> #ahee1 by ,,james ,,munroe ,,& ,,company1 ,9 ! ,cl]k's ,(fice ( ! ,di/rict ,c\rt ( ! ,di/rict ( ,massa*usetts4 ,,cambridge3 ,,?ur/on ,,& ,,torry1 ,,pr9t]s4 ,,d$icat$ ,,to ,,am]ican ,,tea*]s4 ,,adv]tisem5t4 ,,! ,compil] has attempt$ to br+ toge!r 9 ?is little volume ! pr9ciples :i* %\ld gov]n conv]sation among p]sons ( true ref9em5t ( m9d & "*1 & to po9t out "s ( ! mo/ common & easily besett+ vulg>isms occurr+ 9 ! colloquial ,engli% ( our c\ntry & day4 ,"p ,i4 is an ,address deliv]$ be=e a ,"y ,ladies' ,s*ool1 9 ,newburyport4 ,"p ,,ii4 is a ,lecture address$ to ! ,lit]>y1 ,sci5tific & ,me*anics' ,in/itution at ,read+1 ,engl&4 ,"p ,,iii4 is a repr9t f ! f\r? ,engli% edition ( ,a ,^w to ! ,wise1 or ,h9ts on ! ,curr5t ,improprieties ( ,expression 9 ,writ+ & ,speak+1 by ,p>ry ,gwynne1 a few passages n applicable to ! habits ( ,am]ican society be+ omitt$4 ,"p ,,iv4 is compos$ ( selections f two little ,engli% books1 entitl$1 ,nev] too late to ,le>n3 ,mi/akes ( daily occurr5ce 9 ,speak+1 ,writ+ & ,pronunciation correct$2 & ,common ,blund]s 9 ,speak+ & ,writ+4 ,,"p ,i4 ,,an ,,address ,,deliv]$ ,,be=e ,,! ,,newburyport ,,female ,,high ,,s*ool1 ,,decemb] #ai1 #ahdf1 ,,by ,,&rew ,p4 ,,peabody4 ,,"y ,,ladies1 ,y h made me happy by y\r k9d invitation to meet y1 & to address y on ?is anniv]s>y4 ,a day sp5t 9 ?is room at y\r annual exam9ation1 ne>ly two ye>s ago1 0 a season ( privilege & enjoym5t n readily to be =gott54 ,i _h previ\sly ent]ta9$ a high reg>d = y\r in/ructor4 ,i !n le>n$ to "k him by 8 "w2 &1 7 he n "h1 ,i %\ld be glad to ext5d beyond a s+le s5t5ce my congratulations ) y t y are 8 pupils4 ,i h said t ,i accept$ y\r invitation ) gladness4 ,yet1 9 prep>+ myself to meet y1 ,i f9d a degree ( emb>rassm5t4 ,?is is = y a season ( recreation1--a high fe/ival2 & ,i am accu/om$ to use my p5 & voice only on grave occasions1 & = solemn s]vices4 ,i "k n h[ to add to y\r amusem5t4 ,%\ld ,i und]take to make sport = y1 my awkw>dness w\ld give y m mir? ?an my wit4 ,! be/ t ,i c d is to select "s subject t is or ought to be int]e/+ to y1 & to endeavor to bl5d a little in/ruction ) ! gay] & m lively notes ( ! occasion4 ,! lesson %all be nei!r t$i\sly long nor ne$lessly grave4 ,i propose to (f] y a few h9ts on conv]sation4 ,h[ l>ge a portion ( life does x fill up6 ,h[ innum]able are its m9i/ries & its uses6 ,x is ! mo/ ref9$ species ( recreation1--! mo/ sp>kl+ s\rce ( m]rim5t4 ,x int]weaves ) a nev]-re/+ %uttle ! bonds ( dome/ic sympa?y4 ,x fa/5s ! ties ( fri5d%ip1 & runs along ! gold5 l9ks ( ! *a9 ( love4 ,x enri*es *>ity1 & makes ! gift twice bless$4 ,!re is1 p]haps1 a peculi> appropriat5ess 9 ! selection ( ?is topic = an address to "y ladies2 = !y d m ?an any o!r class 9 ! community t[>ds e/abli%+ ! g5]al tone & /&>d ( social int]c\rse4 ,! voices ( _m ( y already1 ,i d\bt n1 /rike ! key-note ( home conv]sation2 & y are fa/ approa*+ an age :5 y w take prom95t places 9 g5]al society2 w be ! objects ( peculi> reg>d2 & w1 9 a great measure1 det]m9e :e!r ! social conv]se 9 y\r respective circles %all be vulg> or ref9$1 c5sori\s or k9dly1 frivol\s or dignifi$4 ,x 0 said by a wise man ( antiquity1--,only give me ! mak+ ( songs = ! p1 & ,i c>e n :o makes ! laws4 ,9 our unmusical age & l&1 talk+ occupies ! place :i* songs did among ! melody-lov+ ,greeks2 & he :o c\ld tune ! _m-voic$ h>p ( ! social p>ty1 ne$ crave no high] (fice or m pot5t sway4 ,p]mit me n[ to enum]ate "s ( ! *>act]i/ics ( graceful1 elegant1 & pr(itable conv]sation1 comm5c+ ) ! l[] graces1 & pass+ on to ! high]4 ,let me fir/ beg y1 if y w\ld be good talk]s1 to =m & fix n[1 7= y c d ?is only n[17 habits ( correct & easy pronunciation4 ,! words :i* y n[ miscall1 x w co/ y great pa9s 9 aft] life to pron\nce aright1 & y w always be 9 dang] ( return+ inadv]t5tly to y\r old pronunciation4 ,!re are two extremes :i* y ought equally to %un4 ,"o is t ( c>elessness2 ! o!r1 t ( extreme precision1 z if ! s\nd ( ! words utt]$ 7 con/antly upp]mo/ 9 ! m9d4 ,?is la/ fault always sugge/s ! idea ( vanity & p$antry1 & is ( itself en\gh to add a deep indigo hue to a "y lady's reputation4 ,"o great fault ( ,new ,engl& pronunciation is1 t ! "w is p]=m$ too mu* by ! out] organs ( spee*4 ,! tones ( ! voice h b little dep?4 ,in/ead ( a g5]\s play ( ! ?roat & lungs1 ! ?roat almo/ closes1 & ! voice seems to be =m$ 9 ! m\?4 ,x is ?is t gives :at is call$ a nasal tone to ! voice1 :i*1 :5 d5i$ free range ?r\gh its lawful av5ues1 ru%es 9 "p ?r\gh ! nose4 ,we notice ! nasal pronunciation 9 excess "h & !re 9 an individual1 :ile ,engli%m5 & ,s\!rn]s obs]ve x z a prevail+ *>act]i/ic ( all classes ( p 9 ! ,nor!rn ,/ates4 ,s\!rn]s 9 g5]al are mu* less c>eful & accurate 9 pronunciation ?an we are2 b !y m ?an comp5sate = ?is defici5cy by ! full1 r\nd tones 9 :i* !y utt] !mselves4 ,9 our sup]ficial use ( ! organs ( spee*1 !re are "s consonants :i* we are prone to omit altoge!r4 ,?is is especially ! case ) g 9 words t end ) +4 ,n9e p]sons out ( t5 say s+9 in/ead ( s++4 ,i "k "s public speak]s1 & _m private ones1 :o nev] pron\nce ! t 9 su* words z object & prospect4 ,v few p]sons give ! "r s\nd to r f9al4 ,f> is g5]ally pron\nc$ z if x 7 writt5 fah4 ,n[1 ,i w\ld n h ! full ,hib]nian roll ( ! r2 b ,i w\ld h ! pres5ce ( ! lett] m di/9ctly recogniz$1 ?an x (t5 is1 ev5 by p]sons ( ref9$ & fa/idi\s ta/e4 ,let me next beg y to %un all ! ungrammatical vulg>isms :i* are (t5 he>d1 b :i* nev] fail to grate h>%ly on a well-tun$ e>4 ,if y p]mit y\rselves to use !m n[1 y w nev] get rid ( !m4 ,i "k a v5]able & accompli%$ lawy]1 :o has /ood at ! head ( 8 pr(ession 9 ?is ,/ate1 & has mov$ 9 ! mo/ ref9$ society = half a c5tury1 :o to ?is day says ha9t = has n1 hav+ acquir$ ! habit :5 a s*oolboy4 ,i h kn[n p]sons :o h = ye>s tri$ unsuccessfully to break !mselves ( say+ done = did1 & y & ,i = y & me4 ,_m well-educat$ p]sons1 ?r\gh ! p[] ( long habit1 p]si/ 9 say+ %ew = %[$1 :ile !y "k p]fectly well t !y might1 ) equal propriety1 sub/itute snew = sn[$2 & !re is n f> h5ce a cl]gyman1 m>vell\sly precise & fa/idi\s 9 8 *oice ( words1 :o is v apt to comm5ce 8 s]mon by say+1 ,i %ew y 9 a rec5t disc\rse4 ,a false delicacy has v g5]ally introduc$ drank z ! p]fect p>ticiple ( dr9k1 in/ead ( drunk1 :i* alone has any respectable au?ority 9 its favor2 & ! imp]fect t5se & p]fect p>ticiple h be5 simil>ly conf\nd$ 9 _m o!r cases4 ,i "k n :at gramm> y use 9 ?is s*ool4 ,i tru/ t x is an old "o2 = "s ( ! new gramm>s sanction ^! vulg>isms1 & 9 look+ ov] _! tables ( irregul> v]bs1 ,i h sometimes half expect$ to h ! book da%$ f my h& by ! indignant gho/ ( ,l9dley ,murray4 ,great c>e & discretion %\ld be employ$ 9 ! use ( ! common abbreviations ( ! negative =ms ( ! sub/antive & auxili>y v]bs4 ,c't1 don't1 & hav5't1 are admissible 9 rapid conv]sation on trivial subjects4 ,isn't & hasn't are m h>%1 yet tol]at$ by respectable usage4 ,didn't1 c\ldn't1 w\ldn't1 & %\ldn't1 make z unpleasant comb9ations ( consonants z c well be utt]$1 & fall %ort b by "o remove ( ^? unutt]able names ( ,poli% g5tlem5 :i* sometimes excite our wond] 9 ! columns ( a newspap]4 ,won't = w n1 & a9t = is n or are n1 are absolutely vulg>2 & a9t1 = has n or h n1 is utt]ly intol]able4 ,ne>ly ak9 to ^! (f5ces aga9/ good gramm> is ano!r unta/eful practice1 into :i* y are probably m 9 dang] ( fall+1 & :i* is a cry+ s9 among "y ladies1--,i mean ! use ( exagg]at$1 extravagant =ms ( spee*1--say+ spl5did = pretty1 magnific5t = h&some1 horrid = v1 horrible = unpleasant1 imm5se = l>ge1 ?\s&s or myriads = any numb] great] ?an two4 ,7 ,i to write d[n1 = "o day1 ! conv]sation ( "s "y ladies ( my acqua9tance1 & !n to int]pret x lit]ally1 x w\ld imply t1 )9 ! compass ( twelve or f\rte5 h\rs1 !y _h met ) m m>vell\s adv5tures & hair-bread? escapes1 _h pass$ ?r\gh m di/ress+ exp]i5ces1 _h se5 m impos+ spectacles1 _h endur$ m fright1 & enjoy$ m rapture1 ?an w\ld suffice = half a doz5 common lives4 ,?is habit is att5d$ ) _m inconv5i5ces4 ,x deprives y ( ! intelligible use ( /rong expressions :5 y ne$ !m4 ,if y use !m all ! "t1 nobody und]/&s or believes y :5 y use !m 9 e>ne/4 ,y are 9 ! same pr$icam5t ) ! boy :o cri$ ,,wolf s (t51 :5 !re 0 no wolf1 t nobody w\ld g to 8 relief :5 ! wolf came4 ,?is habit has also a v bad moral be>+4 ,our words h a reflex influ5ce ^u our *>act]s4 ,exagg]at$ spee* makes "o c>eless ( ! tru?4 ,! habit ( us+ words )\t reg>d to _! rightful mean+1 (t5 leads "o to di/ort facts1 to misreport conv]sations1 & to magnify /atem5ts1 9 matt]s 9 :i* ! lit]al tru? is important to be told4 ,y c nev] tru/ ! te/imony ( "o :o 9 common conv]sation is indiff]5t to ! import1 & reg>dless ( ! p[]1 ( words4 ,i am acqua9t$ ) p]sons ^: repres5tations ( facts always ne$ translation & correction1 & :o h utt]ly lo/ _! reputation = v]acity1 solely ?r\gh ?is habit ( ov]/ra9$ & extravagant spee*4 ,!y d n mean to lie2 b !y h a dialect ( _! own1 9 :i* words be> an entirely diff]5t s5se f t giv5 to !m 9 ! daily int]c\rse ( discreet & sob] p4 ,9 ?is connection1 x may n be amiss to notice a c]ta9 class ( phrases1 (t5 employ$ to fill out & dilute s5t5ces1 su* z1 ,i'm sure1--,i decl>e1--,t's a fact1--,y "k1--,i want to "k1--,did y ev]8--,well6 ,i nev]1--& ! l4 ,all ^! =ms ( spee* disfigure conv]sation1 weak5 ! =ce ( ! ass]tions or /atem5ts ) :i* !y are connect$1 & give unfavorable impressions z to ! good bre$+ ( ! p]son t uses !m4 ,y w be surpris$1 "y ladies1 to he> me add to ^! c\nsels1--,above all ?+s1 swe> n at all4 ,yet !re is a great deal ( swe>+ among ^? :o w\ld %udd] at ! v ?\ght ( be+ pr(ane4 ,! ,jews1 :o 7 afraid to use ! mo/ sacr$ names 9 common spee*1 7 accu/om$ to swe> by ! temple1 by ! alt>1 & by _! own heads2 & ^! oa?s 7 rebuk$ & =bidd5 by div9e au?ority4 ,i "k n :y ! rebuke & prohibition apply n ) full =ce to ! num]\s oa?s by goodness1 fai?1 pati5ce1 & m]cy1 :i* we he> f lips t mean to be nei!r co>se nor irrev]5t1 9 ! s*oolroom1 /reet1 & p>lor2 & a mom5t's reflection w conv9ce any well-dispos$ p]son1 t1 9 ! exclamation ,lor1 ! cutt+ (f ( a s+le lett] f a consecrat$ ^w c h>dly save "o f ! c5sure & ! p5alty writt5 9 ! ?ird comm&m5t4 ,i d n reg>d ^! expressions z h>mless4 ,i believe !m inconsi/5t ) ,*ri/ian laws ( spee*4 ,nor d !y accord ) ! simple1 quiet habit ( m9d & tone ( feel+ :i* are ! mo/ favorable to happ9ess & usefulness1 & :i* sit z gracefully on gay & buoyant y\? z on ! s$at5ess ( matur] ye>s4 ,! frame ( m9d 9 :i* a "y lady says1 9 reply to a "q1 ,m]cy6 no1 is v diff]5t f t :i* prompts ! simple1 mode/ no4 ,7 !re any room = d\bt1 ,i %\ld h "s d\bt ( ! tru? ( ! =m] answ]2 = ! unnatural1 excit$1 flutt]$ /ate ( m9d impli$ 9 ! use ( ! oa?1 might indicate ei!r an unfitness to weigh ! tru?1 or an unwill+ness to ackn[l$ge x4 ,9 f9e1 transp>5cy is an ess5tial attribute ( all graceful & becom+ spee*4 ,language ought to repres5t ! speak]'s ideas1 & nei!r m nor less4 ,exclamations1 ne$less expletives1 unmean+ extravagances1 are z unta/eful z ! /ream]s ( tatt]$ f9]y :i* y sometimes see flutt]+ ab\t ! p]son ( a dilapidat$ belle4 ,let y\r ?\ghts be z /rong1 z witty1 z brilliant1 z y c make !m2 b nev] seek to atone = feeble ?\ght by l>ge words1 or to rig out fooli% conceits 9 ! spangl$ robe ( g5u9e wit4 ,speak z y ?9k & feel2 & let ! tongue always be an hone/ int]pret] to ! he>t4 ,b x is "t t we pass$ to high] consid]ations4 ,!re are great laws ( duty & religion :i* %\ld gov]n our conv]sation2 & ! div9e ,tea*] assures u t ev5 = our idle words we are acc\ntable to ,him :o has giv5 u ! p[] ( spee*4 ,n[1 ,i by no means believe t !re is any pr9ciple ( our religion :i* fr[ns ^u wit or m]rim5t1 or =bids playful spee* at fit seasons & )9 due limits4 ,! v fact t ! ,almighty has creat$ ! muscles :i* produce ! smile & ! laugh1 is a p]petual rebuke to ^? :o w\ld call all laught] madness1 & all mir? folly4 ,amusem5t1 9 its "t & place1 is a great good2 & ,i "k ( no amusem5t s ref9$1 s wor?y an intellectual be+1 z t conv]sation :i* is witty & /ill k9d1 playful1 yet always rev]5t1 :i* recreates f toil & c>e1 b leaves no /+1 & violates no pr9ciple ( bro!rly love or religi\s duty4 ,evil speak+1 sl&]1 detraction1 gossip1 sc&al1 are diff]5t names = "o ( ! *ief dang]s to be gu>d$ aga9/ 9 conv]sation2 & y are do+ mu* t[>ds def5d+ y\rselves aga9/ x by ! g5]\s m5tal culture :i* y enjoy 9 ?is sem9>y4 ,! demon ( sl&] loves an empty h\se4 ,a ta/e = sc&al betrays a vacant m9d4 ,furni% y\r m9ds1 !n1 by useful read+ & /udy1 & by habits ( reflection & m5tal indu/ry1 t y may be able to talk ab\t subjects z well z ab\t p1--ab\t ev5ts too long pa/ or too remote to be int]wov5 ) sl&]4 ,b1 if y mu/ talk ab\t p1 :y n ab\t _! good traits & de$s8 ,! true/ +5uity is t :i* br+s hidd5 excell5ces to light2 = virtue is 9 h] v nature mode/ & retir+1 :ile faults lie on ! surface & are detect$ ) half an eye4 ,y w und\bt$ly be c>eful to h y\r words always j & k9d1 if y w only take a suffici5tly ?or\gh view ( ! influ5ce ( y\r habits ( conv]sation1 bo? 9 ! =mation ( y\r own *>act]s & 9 det]m9+ ! happ9ess ( o!rs4 ,b h[ l[ an e/imate d _m ( u make ( ! p[] ( ! tongue6 ,h[ little acc\nt we are apt to take ( our words6 ,h we n all at times said to ourselves1 ,oh6 x is only a ^w6 :5 x may h be5 %>p z a drawn sword1 h giv5 m pa9 ?an a score ( bl[s1 & done m h>m ?an our h&s c\ld h wr\ght 9 a mon?8 ,:y is x t ! sl&]] & ! tale-be>] reg>d !mselves z hone/ & wor?y p1 in/ead ( feel+ t !y are accurs$ ( ,god & man8 ,x is because !y deal 9 evil words only1 & !y consid] words z m]e n\ght4 ,:y is x t ! c>p+ tongue1 :i* fil*es a little f ev]ybody's good "n1 c h>dly utt] itself )\t a sne]1 & makes e fair "* its prey1 ?9ks bett] ( itself ?an a petty pilf]] w\ld8 ,x is because by long1 ?\gh baseless prescription1 ! tongue has claim$ = itself a lic5se d5i$ to e o!r memb] & faculty4 ,b1 9 po9t ( fact1 y\r words n only express1 b help create1 y\r *>act]s4 ,spee* gives def9it5ess & p]man5ce to y\r ?\ghts & feel+s4 ,! unutt]$ ?\ght may fade f ! memory1--may be *as$ away by bett] ?\ghts1--may1 inde$1 h>dly be a "p ( y\r own m9d2 =1 if sugge/$ f )\t1 & met )\t a welcome1 & ) disapproval & resi/ance1 x is n y\rs4 ,b by spee* y adopt ?\ghts1 & ! voice t utt]s !m is z a p5 t engraves !m indelibly on ! s\l4 ,if y c suppress unk9d ?\ghts1 s t1 :5 !y rise 9 y\r brea/1 & m\nt to y\r v lips1 y leave !m unutt]$1 y are n on ! :ole unk9d1--y\r bett] nature has ! supremacy4 ,b if ^! wrong feel+s (t5 f9d utt]ance1 ?\gh y call x ha/y utt]ance1 !re is reason to fe> t !y fl[ f a bitt] f\nta9 )94 ,consid]1 also1 h[ l>ge a portion spee* makes up ( ! lives ( all4 ,x occupies ! great] "p ( ! wak+ h\rs ( _m ( u2 :ile express acts ( a moral be>+1 comp>$ ) our words1 are r>e & few4 ,inde$1 9 _m dep>tm5ts ( duty1 words are our only possible de$s1--x is by words alone t we c p]=m or violate our duty4 ,_m ( ! mo/ important =ms ( *>ity are ^? ( spee*4 ,alms-giv+ is almo/ ! only expression ( *>ity ( :i* ! voice is n ! *ief m9i/]2 & alms1 conf]r$ 9 sil5t coldness1 or ) *id+ or disda9ful spee*1 freeze ! _s1 ?\gh !y may w>m ! body4 ,spee*1 too1 is ! sole m$ium ( a c\ntless ho/ ( dome/ic duties & obs]vances4 ,!re are1 inde$1 9 e community _m ^: only activity seems to be 9 words4 ,!re are _m "y ladies1 releas$ f ! re/ra9ts ( s*ool1 & _m old] ladies1 ) few or no dome/ic burd5s1 ) no worldly avocation & no ta/e = read+1 ^: :ole wak+ life1 ei!r at _! own homes or f h\se to h\se1 is giv5 to ! ex]cise1 = good or evil1 ( ! tongue1--t unruly memb]4 ,& h[ bless$ might !y make t ex]cise1--= h[ _m holy m9i/ries ( love1 sympa?y1 & *>ity might x suffice1--h[ _m w\nds might x prev5t or heal1--did !y only believe & feel t !y 7 writ+ out _! own *>act]s 9 _! daily spee*6 ,b too _m ( !m =get ?is4 ,s long z !y d n kn[+ly & absolutely lie1 !y feel no responsibility = _! words4 ,!y deem !mselves virtu\s1 because !y refra9 f vices to :i* !y h n ! %ad[ ( a temptation2 b c>p1 backbite1 & c>ry ill reports f h\se to h\se1 ) an apo/le's zeal & a m>tyr's devot$ness4 ,to say no?+ ( ! social effect ( su* a life1 is n ! tongue ?us employ$ work+ out spiritual dea? = ! s\l 9 ^: s]vice x is busy8 ,i "k ( no images too vile to portray su* a "*4 ,! dissection ( a sl&]]'s or talebe>]'s he>t w\ld pres5t ! mo/ loa?some specim5 ( morbid anatomy conceivable4 ,x is full ( ! mo/ malignant poison4 ,its life is all mean1 l[1 s]p5t-l1--a life t _c be> ! light1 b f9ds all its n\ri%m5t & gr[? 9 d>kness4 ,7 ^! f\l & odi\s =ms ( spee* incapable ( h>m+ o!rs1--did human reptiles ( ?is class creep ab\t 9 "s outw>d guise1 9 :i* !y c\ld be recogniz$ by all1 & _! words be tak5 = :at !y are wor?1 & no m1--/ill ,i w\ld beg !m1 = _! own sakes1 n to degrade ,god's image1 9 :i* !y 7 creat$1 into ! lik5ess ( a creep+ ?+2 ,i w\ld entreat !m n to be guilty ( ! meane/ & mo/ mis]able ( all =ms ( spiritual suicide2 ,i w\ld besee* !m1 if !y are det]m9$ to sell _! s\ls1 to get "s bett] price = !m ?an ! scorn & dread ( all ^: e/eem is wor? hav+4 ,9 ?is connection1 we ought to take into acc\nt ! v l>ge class ( lit]ally idle words4 ,h[ _m talk on un?9k+ly & he$lessly1 z if ! swift ex]cise ( ! organs ( spee* 7 ! great end ( life6 ,! mo/ trivial news ( ! day1 ! conc]ns ( ! neighborhood1 ! float+ gossip1 :e!r good-natur$ or malignant1 dress1 food1 frivol\s surmises1 paltry plans1 vanities too light to rema9 an h\r ^u ! memory1--^! are ! sole /aple ( :at too _m call conv]sation2 & _m are ! "y p :o are tra9+ !mselves 9 ! use ( spee* = no high] or bett] purpose4 ,b su* p]sons h ! ?reat5$ judgm5t visibly foll[+ _! idle spee*4 ,_! m9ds gr[ sup]ficial & %all[4 ,!y con/antly lose gr\nd1 if !y ev] _h any1 z intellectual & moral be+s4 ,su* spee* makes a p]son1 ( h[ev] g5teel tra9+1 co>se & vulg>1 & t n only 9 "*1 b ev5 9 voice & mann]s1 & ) sad frequ5cy x oblit]ates traits ( ri* lovel9ess & promise4 ,! m]ely idle tongue is also v readily betray$ into ov]t guilt4 ,"o _c indulge 9 idle1 reckless talk1 )\t be+ implicat$ 9 all ! curr5t sl&] & calumny1 & acquir+ gradually ! envi\s & malignant traits ( a hackney$ tale-be>]4 ,& ! p]son :o1 9 y\?1 c attract ! att5tion & w9 ! favor ( ^? ( little reflection by flippant & voluble disc\rse1 w enc\nt] 9 ! v same circles neglect1 dise/eem1 & dislike1 be=e ! m]idian ( life is pass$2 = x takes all ! *>ms t y\?1 sprightl9ess1 & high animal spirits c furni%1 to make an idle tongue fasc9at+ or ev5 endurable4 ,let me ask y n[ to consid] = a mom5t ! influ5ce :i* we ex]t 9 conv]sation ^u ! happ9ess or mis]y ( o!rs4 ,x is n too mu* to say1 t mo/ ( u d m good or h>m 9 ?is way ?an 9 all o!r =ms beside4 ,look ar\nd y1--take a survey ( :atev] !re is ( social or dome/ic unhapp9ess 9 ! families to :i* y belong1 or among y\r k9dr$ & acqua9tance4 ,n9e t5?s ( x c be trac$ to no o!r cause ?an untrue1 unk9d1 or ungov]n$ spee*4 ,a m]e h>% ^w1 rep5t$ ( ! next mom5t1--h[ great a fire c x k9dle6 ,! c>ry+ back & =? ( an idle tale1 n wor? an h\r's ?\ght1 w (t5 break up ! close/ intimacies4 ,f e sl&]\s tongue y may trace num]\s rills ( bitt]ness1 w9d+ r\nd f h\se to h\se1 & sep>at+ ^? :o ought to be unit$ 9 ! close/ fri5d%ip4 ,c\ld p]sons1 :o1 ) k9d he>ts1 are yet ha/y 9 spee*1 numb] up1 at ! close ( a day1 ! feel+s t !y _h w\nd$1 & ! uncom=table s5sations t !y _h caus$1 !y w\ld ne$ no o!r motive to /udy suavity ( mann]1 & to seek = _! words ! ri* unction ( a truly *>itable _s4 ,!n1 too1 h[ _m are ! traits ( suspicion1 jeal\sy1 & he>t-burn+1 :i* g =? f e day's m]ely idle words1 va9 & vague surmises1 un*>itable inf]5ces & conjectures6 ,^! ?\ghts po9t to ! necessity ( religion z ! guid+1 controll+ elem5t 9 conv]sation4 ,all conv]sation ought to be religi\s4 ,n t ,i w\ld h p]sons always talk+ on :at are commonly call$ religi\s subjects4 ,let ^! be talk$ ( at fitt+ times & places1 b nev] obtrusively br\ght =w>d or ?ru/ 94 ,b _c common subjects be talk$ ( religi\sly8 ,_c we conv]se ab\t our plans1 our amusem5ts1 our read+1 nay1 & our neighbors too1 & no sacr$ "n be introduc$1 & yet ! conv]sation be /rictly religi\s8 ,yes1--if ?r\gh\t ! conv]sation we own ! laws ( hone/y1 frankness1 k9d con/ruction1 & s9c]e b5evol5ce1--if our spee* be pure1 true1 g5tle1 dignifi$1--if x seek or imp>t in=mation t ei!r p>ty ne$s1--if x *]i% fri5dly feel+1--if x give u k9d] affections t[>ds o!rs1--if x br+ our m9ds into vigor\s ex]cise1--nay1 if x b>ely amuse u1 b n too long1 & if ! wit be free f co>s5ess & at no "o's exp5se4 ,b we %\ld ev] be> x 9 m9d1 t our words are all utt]$ 9 ! he>+ ( an unse5 ,li/5] & ,judge4 ,c\ld we keep ?is 9 remembrance1 !re w\ld be little 9 our spee* t ne$ give u %ame or pa94 ,b t half h\r sp5t 9 hold+ up to ridicule "o :o has done y no h>m1--t brea?less ha/e to tell ! la/ piece ( sl&]1--y w\ld n want to rememb] 9 y\r ev5+ pray]4 ,f ! flippant1 irresponsible1 wa/eful gossip1 9 :i* s mu* "t is daily lo/1 y c\ld n ) a safe consci5ce look up & own an ,almighty pres5ce4 ,"y ladies1 my subject is a l>ge "o1 & bran*es out into s _m heads1 t1 7 ,i to say all t ,i %\ld be glad to say1 ! sett+ sun w\ld /op me midway4 ,b x is "t = me to relieve y\r pati5ce4 ,accept1 ) ^! fragm5t>y h9ts1 my cordial congratulations & good wi%es4 ,life n[ smiles be=e y1 & beckons y onw>d4 ,heav5 grant t y\r com+ days may be ev5 happi] ?an y hope6 ,to make !m s is )9 y\r own p[]4 ,!y w n be cl\dless4 ,if y live long1 disappo9tm5ts & sorr[s mu/ come4 ,!re w be /eep & r\gh passages 9 ! way ( life4 ,b !re is a ,guide1 9 ^: footpr9ts y may climb ! /eep places )\t we>9ess1 & tread ! r\gh gr\nd )\t /umbl+4 ,add to y\r m5tal culture fai? 9 ,him1 & ! self-consecration ( ! ,*ri/ian he>t4 ,!n ev5 trials w make y happi]4 ,:5 cl\ds are ov] y\r way1 rays f ,heav5 w /ruggle ?r\gh _! fissures1 & fr+e _! edges4 ,y\r pa? w be onw>d & upw>d1 ev] easi]1 ev] bright]4 ,on t pa? may y\r e>ly foot/eps be plant$1 t ! beautiful bloom ( y\r y\? may n )] & p]i%1 b may rip5 = a heav5ly h>ve/6 ,,"p ,,ii4 ,a ,,lecture ,,deliv]$ ,,at ,,read+1 ,,engl&1 ,,decemb] #ai1 #ahed1 ,,by ,,francis ,,tr5*4 ,,we are all ( u m or less apt to ov]look t :i* is cont9ually go+ on ar\nd u4 ,we omit to make x a matt] ( inquiry1 & res]ve our att5tion = t :i* is m r>e1 al?\gh ( f> less importance4 ,:at is x1 = in/ance1 :i*1 aft] a c\rse ( long1 sultry heat1--:5 ! sun1 day by day1 has blaz$ 9 ! sky above1--:at is x1 ,i ask1 :i* has /ill pres]v$ ! v]dure & fre%ness ( all vegetable life8 ,surely x has be5 no?+ else ?an ! dew ( heav51 g5tly1 regul>ly1 pl5te\sly fall+1 z ea* ev5+ clos$ 94 ,nev]!less1 h[ little is x ?\ght (1--h[ little are its b5efits ackn[l$g$6 ,b :5 ! cl\ds ga!r spe$ily & d>kly1 & p]haps unexpect$ly1 :5 ! s5se ( coolness spreads once m ?r\gh ! p>*$ atmosph]e1 :5 abundance ( ra9 all at once desc5ds1 !n all obs]ve ! *ange1 all notice ! b5eficial results2 yet p]haps !y are trifl+ inde$ comp>$ ) ^? ( ! nightly & =gott5 dew1 :i* has nev] ceas$ to fall1 week by week1 or ev5 mon? by mon?1 dur+ ! c\rse ( ! dr\ght4 ,i feel no d\bt t x w be ackn[l$g$ h[ x is ! same1 ! v same1 9 all ?+s call+ = our obs]vation4 ,s1 !re=e1 x is reg>d+ conv]sation1 z a ?+ ( e day4 ,we flock to he> & admire "s mighty orator's address1 b we ?9k little ( & little appreciate t daily1 h\rly ?+ :i* is our subject n[1--,i mean conv]sation4 ,b ,i leave y to judge :i* has ! mo/ effect on our g5]al int]e/1 z social creatures1--:i*1 9 ! long run1 has mo/ to d ) ! pleasure & ! pr(it ( all human int]c\rse4 ,hav+ made ?is claim on y\r att5tion1 ,i w\ld n[ obs]ve t ! subject is "o ( s wide a scope t ,i c d little m ?an pres5t y ) a few ?\ghts1 :i* ,i h not$ d[n z !y h ris5 to my own m9d1 ^u x4 ,& ,i tru/ t !y w prove n entirely unacceptable1 ?\gh well inde$ aw>e t ! topic is "o to :i* x mu/ be v difficult inde$ to d any ju/ice4 ,b ,i mu/ fir/ try to meet "o objection1 = :i* ,i am q prep>$1 namely1 t conv]sation is n a fit subject = a lecture at all1 b %\ld be consid]$ z too indep5d5t & free to h any rules1 pr9ciples1 or guidance appli$ to x4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is inde$ a fallacy1 & may briefly be expos$ by a few su* que/ions z ^? ,i am ab\t to ask4 ,:at %\ld be m free ?an ! sword ( ! soldi] 9 ! battle-day8--?an ! p5cil ( ! arti/ at ! m\nta9 side8--or ?an ! poet's song 9 its upw>d flight8 ,yet :o w\ld condemn ! use ( ! drill1 or ! /udy ( p]spective1 or ! rules ( poetic art8 ,no less unt5able is x to ma9ta9 t conv]sation c be subject to no pr9ciple1 rule1 or review1 )\t *eck+ its free & unfett]$ range4 ,c[p] has simply summ$ up ! :ole tru?3-- ,?\gh conv]sation 9 its bett] "p ,may be e/eem$ a gift1 & n an art2 ,yet mu* dep5ds1 z 9 ! till]'s toil1 ,on culture & ! s[+ ( ! soil4 ,nor %all ,i v5ture to sugge/ any measures :i* ,i d n believe already well sanction$1 well honor$1 & well practis$ too1 ev5 by _m :o h nev] yet ?\ght ( classify+ !m at all4 ,b ^! ,i %all freely give1 z my duty is1 at y\r summons ?is night4 ,conv]sation may be t]m$ or def9$ z ! ex*ange & communication1 by ^w1 ( t :i* is pass+ 9 ! inw>d m9d & he>t4 ,& none ( all kn[n creatures1 except man1 has ?is peculi> gift4 ,! animal tribes approa* u & ev5 surpass u 9 _m ( _! physical p[]s & capacities4 ,z to _! capacities 9 ! five s5ses ( ! body1 ,i conceive t1 g5]ally speak+1 x is s2 b none ( !m conv]se1 l man1 9 expressive words1 h[ev] !y may & d compreh5d "o ano!r ?r\gh inf]ior means4 ,hom] has !re=e def9$ our race z ^w-divid+ m54 ,& surely su* a capacity or p[] is n be/[$ on u unaccompani$ by an obligation & a claim to give due dilig5ce h[ we d & h[ we may employ x4 ,nev] to act ?us is surely an undue disreg>d ( our end[m5t1--a virtual depreciation & contempt ( t :i* is at once among ! mo/ ne$ful1 ! mo/ useful1 &1 at ! same "t1 mo/ ornam5tal gifts ( ,god to mank9d4 ,z1 !n1 x is said ( real wisdom1 t fir/ x is pure1 or free f error & wrong1 s too1 fir/ ( all1 "r & prop] conv]sation mu/ be free f ev]y?+ evid5tly & positively inconsi/5t ) our duty t[>ds ,god & man4 ,x has ev] be5 well said t we mu/ be j be=e we are g5]\s4 ,! "o attribute is ess5tial & indisp5sable 9 e transaction ( life4 ,! acts & de$s connect$ ) ! o!r are comp>atively undef9$ & indef9able4 ,s x is ess5tial1 x is indisp5sable1 t our conv]sation1 f our own *oice & delib]ate aim1 %\ld be utt]ly free f all ?+s irrev]5t to ,god & injuri\s to our fell[-creatures4 ,god's "n mu/ nev] be tak5 9 va94 ,god's ,^w1 & div9e ?+s g5]ally1 mu/ nev] be treat$ ) any levity4 ,no s5t5ce mu/ come =? f our lips hav+ any t5d5cy to und]m9e or subv]t ! pr9ciples & practices ( true religion4 ,^! are among ! m]e dues & obligations to ,him :o gives u ! faculty ( spee*1 & enables u to int]*ange conv]sation ) our fell[s2 &1 beyond all d\bt1 h\r aft] h\r ( sil5ce & res]ve w\ld be inf9itely bett]--m to be desir$ by any ,*ri/ian--?an ! mo/ ent]ta9+ & mo/ captivat+ talk ( a witty b unpr9cipl$ man4 ,& s too1 exactly1 ) reg>d to our fell[-creatures4 ,!y too h an absolute claim on u1 t we %\ld resolutely keep to ! gr& rule ( speak+ to !m only su* ?+s z w d !m no hurt1--no hurt to _! m9ds1 no hurt to _! feel+s1 no hurt to _! be/ & true & ev]la/+ int]e/4 ,z ! words ( "o lead _m to heav5 & joy1 s too ! words ( ano!r lead _m to hell & woe4 ,bett]1 aga9 ,i say1 w\ld x be = y to be sil5t z a dumb man ?an to indulge c>elessly & wick$ly 9 any su* utt]ances4 ,he :o does x is a cruel enemy ( 8 fell[-creatures1 h[ev] popul>1 h[ev] able & attractive he may be4 ,?us mu* ) reg>d to conv]sation--on ! negative side4 ,?us mu* z to t nature & "* ( :i* x mu/ n be1 "u any circum/ances4 ,&1 hav+ no int5tion to make my pres5t address 9 any degree ( t m solemn & absolutely s]i\s k9d1 :i* x is my privilege s (t5 to employ 9 my pr(ession1 ,i w only add "h t1 hav+ n[ se5 :at x is ess5tial & indisp5sable = u to %un 9 conv]sation1 s aga91 to aim at pleas+ ,god & s]v+ our fell[-creatures is n less ne$ful1--n less ess5tial1 z ! "o gr& object & scope ) :i* at all times we %\ld use & int]*ange x4 ,i am sure y w all admit t ,i c\ld n rightly proce$ )\t lay+ d[n ?is broad1 ?is sure f\ndation4 ,on x we may build ! light] sup]/ructure2 b1 )\t lay+ x d[n1 ,i c\ld n consci5ti\sly proce$4 ,nay1 f>!r1 ,i feel equally conv9c$ t _m w\ld p]ceive at once ! defici5cy1 & regret x too1 7 ,i to adopt any o!r c\rse4 ,conv]sation1 to be wor?y ( ! "n at all1 is n *ild's play4 ,x mu/ be dealt )1 if consid]$ at all1 z an important & sub/antial ?+1 n z ! m]e toy :]e) to trifle & sport ea* day & h\r till we pass away to meet t judgm5t :]e our ,"l has himself decl>$1--,by y\r words ye %all be ju/ifi$1 & by y\r words ye %all be condemn$4 ,! subject may n[ bran* out into _m & v>i\s directions4 ,to make a *oice is ! only difficulty4 ,"o ( ^! may lead u to notice t1 9 all conv]sation1 special att5tion %\ld ev] be paid to ! feel+s ( all pres5t4 ,e subject %\ld be /udi\sly avoid$ likely to give ne$less pa91 & p]haps1 z x 71 op5 ! sluice-gate ?r\gh :i* o!r obs]vations might m pl5tifully fl[ 9 f o!rs ( ! company1 pa9ful to "o or m 9 ! circle4 ,no?+1 ( c\rse1 w tea* ?is s mu* z true k9dness & true sympa?y ( he>t2 &1 if ?is be want+1 (f5ces ( ?is k9d w cont9ually ab\nd1--yes1 ,i am sorry to say1 w sometimes be /udi\sly & int5tionally committ$4 ,b ev5 ! mo/ lov+ & mo/ k9dly _s w d well to be v wat*ful on ?is po9t1 seek+ to ex]cise all judgm5t & tact 9 ! matt]2 & ev5 beyond ?is a beautiful art is sometimes to be witness$1--happy inde$ are !y :o possess x1--:i* turns & leads away ! g5]al /ra9 ( talk1 & t (t5 ) unp]ceiv$ skill1 :5 approa*+ dang]\s gr\nd1 or p]haps already beg9n+ to grieve or di/urb ano!r4 ,among injuri\s practices 9 talk1 ! foll[+ may p]haps be enum]at$3--an ov]be>+ vehem5ce1 *all5g+ ass]tions1 cold indiff]5ce to ! /atem5ts ( o!rs1 a love ( argum5tation1 an incl9ation to reg>d fair lib]ty ( mutual address z undue lic5se1 pressure on ano!r to express m ?an he desires1 all p]sonalities :i* w\ld be =bidd5 by ! royal law ( speak+ unto o!rs z y w\ld l to be spok5 to y\rself4 ,^! & _m m transgressions1 9 our address "o to ano!r1 are n only ( a grave1 b also ( a v evid5t k9d1 & !re=e on !m1 p]haps1 !re is less ne$ to dwell4 ,o!rs are m subtle1--m elude ! grasp ( ord9>y obs]vation4 ,all social life1 & ev5 all family life1 if rightly c>ri$ on1 requires n only mutual =be>ance 9 talk1 b mutual sympa?y too1 mutual enc\ragem5t "o f ! o!r4 ,9 families & 9 society we f9d ! old1 ! "y2 ! busy & ^? comp>atively unemploy$2 ! /udi\s or ! lit]>y1 & ^? ^: ta/es are completely diff]5t2 p occupi$ 9 v>i\s pr(essions & trades2 politicians & /atesm52 soldi]s & sailors2 "y m5 & wom5 re>$ up at home1 ) "y m5 & wom5 re>$ up at s*ools & public in/itutions2 travell]s acqua9t$ ) div]s p>ts ( ! globe1 & ^? :o nev] h quitt$ _! own l&2 m5 ( ! city & m5 ( ! field2--9 a ^w1 p]sons & *>act]s almo/ z v>i\s 9 ! aspect ( _! inw>d ta/e z ! v features :i* ea* c\nt5ance we>s1--= ,i may v5ture to say t no two p]sons ?9k or feel exactly & altoge!r alike4 ,n[1 :5ev] !re is su* a ?+ z op9ion1 & :5ev] !re is su* a ?+ z feel+ 7:i* is ! case 9 all memb]s ( families1 & 9 all memb]s ( society ) :om y c possibly live or be ?r[n71 !re at once is1 or !re arises1 an imm$iate claim = a k9d & prop] treatm5t ( ^! op9ions & ( ^! feel+s4 ,!y may n be y\r own1 !y may be utt]ly diff]5t f y\r own1 b t has no?+ to d ) ! "q4 ,z a g5]al rule1 e "o pres5t has no less "r to !m ?an y h to y\rs4 ,y _h bett] g1 l ,%akspe>e's ,timon1 altoge!r out ( ! conc\rse ( y\r fell[-creatures1 if y _c realize ?is tru? & apply x too4 ,& x is 9 conv]sation t y w ev] give ! *ief pro(s & evid5ces :e!r y d s or n4 ,9 x !re mu/ be no?+ despotic1--no?+ to give any pres5t ! idea t y h any "r to decide :at 8 op9ions1 :at 8 ta/es1 :at 8 habits1 :at 8 pursuits1 %\ld be4 ,y w1 ( c\rse1 n misund]/& me "h1--n =get t ,i am suppos+ ea* op9ion1 ea* ta/e1 ea* habit & pursuit1 z1 on ! face ( x1 all[able & innoc5t1 al?\gh n y\rs4 ,i repeat x1 !re mu/ be no despotism 9 society4 ,equality mu/ prevail z a g5]al rule2 ,i say a g5]al rule1 because !re are1 no d\bt1 c]ta9 seasons & times :5 ! int]c\rse ( social & ( family life mu/ p>take ( t special "* :i* is adapt$ to ! v>i\s relation%ips ( man4 ,! p>5t mu/1 at times1 simply direct ! *ild by 8 words4 ,! tea*]1 au?oritatively1 mu/ in/ruct ! pupil4 ,! ma/] or employ] mu/ tell ! employ$ :at to d4 ,& occasionally1 9 society1 ! rule above laid d[n w1 by g5]al cons5t1 lie 9 abeyance1 if x may be s express$4 ,&1 on c]ta9 subjects1--,i mean ^? :]eon we are ourselves ignorant1 b o!rs 9 our company are highly in=m$1--we may be cont5t to be j li/5]s1 m]ely demon/rat+ t sympa?y & int]e/ adequate to keep up ! fl[ ( in/ruction f ano!r's lips4 ,b int]c\rse ( ?is k9d sc>cely c be t]m$ conv]sation2 & :5 circum/ances l ^! occur 9 social & family life1 !y mu/ be direct$ by o!r rules n altoge!r applicable to our pres5t subject4 ,n[1 to ent] ) full sympa?y into ! claims ( all pres5t 9 society = ?is equal "r ( int]*ang$ s5tim5t1 & to %[ ?is feel+ at times by pati5t =be>ance & at o!r times by manife/ appreciation ( t :i* o!rs say1 is no slight grace & gift4 ,& "h ! v>i\s lessons on ! subject1 :i* exp]i5ce or obs]vation has taught1 mu/ be br\ght into play2 & ! in=mation 9 any way ga9$ z to ! v>i\s feel+s1 habits1 & ta/es ord9>ily ent]ta9$ by p ( diff]5t ages1 diff]5t pr(essions1 & diff]5t *>act]s1 mu/ be judici\sly appli$4 ,nor w ?is1 9 ! lea/1 spoil free & fair discussion ( any topic4 ,on ! contr>y1 x w promote x4 ,& ?us t pr9ciple w be rightly ma9ta9$ :i* ,i h endeavor$ to lay d[n & comm5d1 viz41 t :5 any special op9ion1 feel+1 or ta/e is express$ 9 society1--,i mean1 ( c\rse1 9 a prop] & legitimate way1--x %\ld always be treat$ by all pres5t ) t measure ( respect :i* ea* "o w\ld wi% ex]cis$ t[>ds himself = 8 own p]sonal views4 ,j 9 proportion z m5 are boori%1 co>se1 & unsocial1 9 ! true & ext5sive s5se ( ! ^w1 w !y transgress "h4 ,yes1 ev5 put toge!r "o1 unga9ly temp]$1 f 8 field1 & ano!r ( ! same "* f 8 %op or c\nt+ h\se1 & v likely n five m9utes w elapse be=e "o or ! o!r w say some?+ to disp>age ^? habits & ta/es ) :i* he himself happ5s to be n conv]sant4 ,!re ensues discord & dissev]ance1 or1 x may be1 sil5ce & sep>ation4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 j 9 proportion z y are enabl$ to unite y\rself ) o!rs ?r\gh y\r demeanor & words1--n1 ( c\rse1 hypocritically or obsequi\sly1 b f real sympa?y ) all ! innoc5t ta/es & engagem5ts ( our fell[-creatures1--j1 ,i say1 9 proportion z y are enabl$ to d ?is1 w y\r int]c\rse ) !m1 9 ! way ( conv]sation1 be ( t k9d at :i* we %\ld aim4 ,none w be afraid ( y\r indulg+ 9 rebuffs1 or ridicule1 or depreciation4 ,none w meet f y a cold1 he>tless1 & repulsive indiff]5ce4 ,to y1 & be=e y1 ! fl[],a ( ea* human he>t 7if ,i may s speak7 w !n h a t5d5cy to op5 & exp& its v>i$ =ms & hues1 in/ead ( reta9+ !m all clos$ & %ut up2 & _m1 _m ?\ghts w be express$ to y & be=e y :i* w nev] be he>d1 or at all ev5ts r>ely1 inde$1 by ^? ( a sne]+1 unsympa?iz+1 h>d1 & ung5ial _s4 ,?us y w be kn[n1 or r felt1 in/9ctively felt1 z "o :o w d no?+ to *ill1 b1 on ! contr>y1 mu* to enc\rage t free _s 79 ! be/ s5se ( ! ^w7 :i* %\ld m>k & imbue all social int]c\rse des]v+ ! "n at all2 & y w be welcom$ by all :o c appreciate good ta/e1 good tact1 & 7,i w add7 good feel+ too1--= t is ! *ief spr+ ( all su* conduct2 & y w be enabl$ to receive & communicate mu* pleasure & pr(it too1 :]esov] y may g4 ,a ^w "h may n be inappropriate z to :at is sometimes call$ draw+ a p]son out--i4 e4 lead+ ano!r to tell y1 or any company assembl$ 9 y\r pres5ce1 :at !y "k1 :at !y h se51 :at !y feel1 :at1 9 a ^w1 !y are able to communicate1 if s dispos$ & l$4 ,n[1 ?is draw+ out is a v delicate affair4 ,:5 successfully done1 x is mo/ valuable4 ,:5 ! attempt proves unsuccessful1 y are v likely to lose or int]f]e ) ! v object 9 view4 ,que/ion+ ( all k9ds1--up f t on ! simple/ topic1 & ) a purpose ( ! simple/ k9d1 to t involv+ ! mo/ important results1--que/ion+1 ,i say1 ( all k9ds1 requires judgm5t & tact4 ,_m p]sons mu* err 9 ?is dep>tm5t ( address4 ,"s err by ask+ ab\t matt]s on :i* x is q cle> t !y h no real feel+ & conc]n4 ,"s err by dem&s z to y\r own p]sonal proce$+s1 :]e) !y h no connection4 ,"s1 aga91 err by putt+ que/ions1 n wrongly or inappropriately1 b m]ely too _m at a "t1 or 9 too rapid a succession4 ,?is sc>cely c be call$ conv]sation at all1--&1 g5]ally speak+1 7?\gh ,i d n d5y t !re are exceptions1 :i* w at once recur to ! intellig5t17 yes1 g5]ally speak+1 is mo/ unsatisfactory4 ,& ! reason1 if we analyze ! matt]1 is1 t all ! /atem5ts1 or obs]vations1 or call !m :at y w1 proce$1 "u su* circum/ances1 f "o ( ! p>ties engag$4 ,x is n reciprocal2 x is n mutually communicat$ ) due equality ( int]*ang$ ?\ght4 ,y w at once p]ceive t ?is mu/ be detrim5tal2 & ,i w\ld sugge/ t :5 y may obs]ve ! damage :i* is ?us done to conv]sation1 y %\ld seek at once to put ! disc\rse on a bett] plan1--to %ift x1 z x 71 on a bett] l9e = good progress4 ,& t may sometimes be done by putt+ a "q to ^? :o "q y1 or ev5 m1 by mak+ ! numb] ( que/ions on ea* side1 9 "s measure1 to correspond4 ,?is1 ( c\rse1 mu/ n be done h>%ly or abruptly1 nor s z to give ! v lea/ impression t y y\rself desire to )hold & draw 92 b x may (t5 be advantage\sly done2 & y w ?us af=d to ano!r ! natural & fit means ( tell+ y some?+1 z a response = t :i* y tell him4 ,!n true conv]sation w beg92 !n ! due int]*ange ( expression1 :i* alone m]its ! "n2 !n ea* p>ty becomes rightly plac$1 & ! int]c\rse w improve almo/ in/antane\sly4 ,b if1 9 ^! v commone/ =ms ( our mutual address1 x is n an easy ?+ to put que/ions well1--nei!r too _m1 nor 9 _! wrong place1--!n we may be well assur$ t x is m difficult /ill :5 ! object1 expressly1 is to lead on ano!r1 gift$ p]haps 9 _m ways1 or hav+ p]haps "s special ?+ to tell1 unkn[n to y or o!rs pres5t4 ,& yet :at a valuable art ?is is6 ,mu* is lo/ 9 society by incapacity = its due ex]cise4 ,mu* is ga9$ by skill 9 its employm5t4 ,b _m reasons concur to r5d] x v difficult4 ,! foll[+ may be m5tion$ among _m o!rs4 ,"s are full ( matt]1 b %y or res]v$4 ,"s are unaw>e ( ! deep int]e/ :i* c]ta9 ?+s1 well kn[n to !m1 w\ld h = o!rs1 if !y w\ld communicate !m2 79 illu/ration ( ?is1 ,i may p]haps quote sci5tific m51 travell]s1 ^? :o h l$ /range & peculi> lives47 ,"s are too mode/ to put !mselves 9 any prom95t light4 ,o!rs are too pr\d s to d1 le/ !y %\ld fail 9 w9n+ full att5tion to _! words4 ,"s are jad$ & worn ) previ\s h\rs ( intellectual toil1 & ! curr5t ( _! ?\ghts is /ill fl[+ on 9 a *annel ( its own4 ,"s are labor+ "u a k9d ( awe ( "o or m p]sons 9 ! company4 ,"s are "y1 & sc>cely seem to realize or "k h[ acceptable are ! ?\ghts & fre% expressions ( y\? to ^? ( matur] ye>s4 ,o!rs are afraid ( be+ too pr(essional 9 _! rem>ks4 ,o!rs are indol5t 9 ! use ( _! tongue & utt]ance4 ,& num]\s o!r causes might be m5tion$1 :i* sadly int]f]e ) ! full1 free1 & g5]al fl[ ( disc\rse or conv]sation4 ,& yet1 at ! same "t1 !re may be ri* /ores 9 ! assembly1--mu*1 v mu*1 to communicate1--some?+1 at lea/1 9 ea* ei!r to please1 or in=m & improve1--some?+ p]haps 9 e "o pres5t :i*1 if told & express$ to ^? ar\nd him1 w\ld add & contribute no slight nor unpriz$ contribution to ! common /ock4 ,b h[ to elicit x--!re is ! difficulty4 ,nev]!less1 v mu* may be done by tact & k9dness1 by animation & by cordiality1 by wat*+ & wait+ = fit opportunities1 by t appreciation ( ea* "o 9 ! circle :i* w encompass & ar\se all1 z x 71 ) a k9d ( electric *a91--by a con/ant & delib]ate aim to conv]se y\rself at ! "t :5 x may be requisite1 & will+ly to lapse into sil5ce & ! backgr\nd :5 ano!r takes up ! subject4 ,&1 al?\gh x is a measure :i* requires no little ta/e & mod]ation 9 its use1 /ill x is sometimes n only v graceful1 b v effectual too1 if y w op5 out on "s few p]sonal topics :i* may conc]n y\rself1 & ?us w9 a response f o!rs pres5t1 :o may p]sonally "k or h p]sonally gone ?r\gh t :i* y & o!rs 9 ! company w\ld desire1 & rightly desire1 to he> op5$ out )\t any res]ve4 ,9 ord]1 aga91 to promote conv]sation ( a sup]ior sort1 endeavor mu/ be made to exp& & enl>ge its b\nds to ! v utmo/4 ,x %\ld be ( a compreh5sive k9d1--n ! gossip ( "s n>r[ set1 n a m]e comm5t on ! p]sons & affairs ( any "o locality1 n a we>isome & dull repetition ( ?+s already1 p]haps long1 famili> to all pres5t4 ,i repeat1 x %\ld be compreh5sive1--br\ght =w>d1 z x 71 f a full treasury ( ?+s new & old1 & co9$ into v>i\s sums1 l>g] = su* occasions z may ne$1 & small--yes1 ev5 to ! smalle/--= ! fit use & "t4 ,x %\ld be =m$ ( v>i\s mat]ials1 ( t :i* has be5 se51 & he>d1 & read4 ,a monoton\s "* is fatal to x4 ,at "o "t x %\ld ar\se & awak51--at ano!r x %\ld calm & soo!4 ,at "o "t x %\ld lead into deep & grave que/ions1--at ano!r x %\ld play lightly ov] ! surface ( ?+s4 ,at "o "t x may t\* ! _s ( ! he>]1 almo/ into te>s1--at ano!r x may raise ! full fre$om ( laught] & mir?4 ,at "o "t x may be address$ to all )9 ! conv5i5t rea* ( y\r words1--at ano!r to "o li/5+ e>4 ,if possible1 x %\ld t\* on _m ta/es1 on _m places1 on v>i\s int]e/s1 giv+ to ea* pres5t 7h[ev] diff]5t ea* ta/e & "*7 ! be/ & faire/ op5+ = a %>e 9 ! circl+ talk1 :i* opportunity e "o1 at fit occasion & turn1 %\ld be will+ to embrace1 & ?us to r5d] 8 or h] social dues to ^? :o freely & fairly contribute !irs4 ,no "o1 on ! o!r h&1 %\ld seek dom9ion1 nor ev] two or ?ree1 ov] ! rema9d]4 ,aga91 conv]sation %\ld nev] be all[$ s to fall into sep>ate or little knots1 t "o "h or "o !re %\ld rema9 alone or exclud$ altoge!r4 ,x %\ld be c>ri$ on 9 appropriate tones ( voice4 ,!y %\ld be some:at rais$1 or r1 ,i w\ld say1 /r5g!n$ = ! old & = ^? :o are a little deaf1 ( :om !re are _m4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 n too obvi\sly2 n to rem9d any ( infirmity4 ,!y %\ld be quick1 firm1 & spirit$ = ^? 9 middle age1 ) _! faculties 9 full /r5g?4 ,!y %\ld be some:at g5tl] to ! "y1 le/ !y be at all *eck$2 & some:at sl[]1 t !y may h m "t & means to frame _! own answ]4 ,= :i* ! reason is1 t z practice makes p]fect 9 all ?+s1 s !y1 ^: practice has1 ( c\rse1 be5 less ?an _! s5iors'1 ne$ m "t to make up = ! want ( x1 ev5 9 conv]sation4 ,at all times disc\rse is liable to alt]nations z to its int]e/ & life4 ,expect ?is1 & ev5 %\ld x become at any mom5t :at is call$ dull1 or ev5 %\ld an awkw>d pause & sil5ce come on1 d n seem to notice x4 ,?is w only make x worse4 ,r try y\rself to ga!r up ! brok5 ?read1 or to introduce "s new matt]4 ,e "o %\ld avoid br++ =w>d or ne$lessly dwell+ on any topic :atsoev] likely to affect any o!rs pres5t ) any unfavorable rem9isc5ces4 ,! weal?y w avoid1 z a g5]al rule1 allusions to _! prop]ty & weal? be=e any p]sons :o1 al?\gh _! equals 9 society1 are kn[n to be ( poor & inadequate e/ate4 ,! heal?y & ! vigor\s ( frame w n =get t o!rs are invalids2 ^? free z air 9 ! disposition ( _! "t1 t o!rs h b v little1 & t ) difficulty sp>$2 ! quick & intellig5t1 t o!rs are m sl[ 9 appreh5sion2 ^? ( h>dy _s1 well /rung & brac$1 t o!rs are n]v\s1 s5sitive1 & tri$ by words1 tones1 ge/ures1 & expressions1 :i* w\ld n try1 nor vex1 or affect !m 9 ! lea/ degree4 ,b :at tact is requisite 9 all ?is6 ,& _m1 _m failures mu/ !re be2 s9s ( commission & ( omission too1 ev5 among ^? :o e>ne/ly seek 9 ?is matt] to fulfil1 always & ev]y:]e1 ! rules ( true c\rtesy1 &1 :i* is bett] /ill1 ! rules ( true ,*ri/ian love4 ,nev]!less1 ! aim at :i* we po9t is by no means )\t its value z a pr(itable ex]cise bo? ( ! m9d & he>t4 ,no1 nor is x ineffectual & unbless$4 ,=1 al?\gh at times words may be said :i* we w\ld long to recall1 & /r+s ( feel+ t\*$ by our utt]ance :i* aft]?\ght tells u we %\ld n h mov$1 & topics h&l$ ) mu* want ( t skill & judgm5t :i* we %\ld h wi%$ mo/ truly to employ1 /ill1 ) a good aim be=e u1 & ) "r pr9ciples 9 "s measure realiz$1 & seek+ to correct any error :5 discov]$1 z well z to advance m 9 all :i* improves & adorns "r social int]c\rse1 mu* w be done t[>ds ! goodly end4 ,& l>ge inde$ w be ! am\nt ( pleasure & ( b5efit :i* y may ?us hope to reap = y\rself & communicate to o!rs 9 ! c\rse ( y\r life1 & t1 too1 up to an age1 %\ld y\r days be prolong$1 :5 y may be %ut up1 or at all ev5ts mu* re/ra9$1 f _m o!r means ( active usefulness4 ,= ! mell[$ wisdom ( age1 %[+ & express+ itself 9 t *>ity & sympa?y = all :i* no?+ less ?an exp]i5ce itself has taught1 is inde$ a /rong & beautiful ?+4 ,hi!rto ,i h spok5 altoge!r on conv]sation ) ^? ^: rank & position ( life corresponds ) y\r own4 ,a few words n[ on conv]sation1 fir/1 ) ^? ( a high] rank1 &1 secondly1 ) ^? 9 ! humbl] conditions ( life--to use ! common phrase2 & e man %\ld be qualifi$ & prep>$ = any & = all k9ds ( association4 ,to ^? ( a high] rank ?an ourselves we may1 )\t d]ogat+ 9 ! lea/ f our indep5d5ce & self-respect1 %[ t def]5ce :i* n only ! cu/oms ( all nations1 b ! ,scripture also mo/ evid5tly inculcates4 ,?is1 ( c\rse1 w appe> :5 engag$ ) !m 9 conv]sation4 ,x w1 h[ev]1 be %[n r 9 "s occasional ackn[l$gm5t ?an 9 ! mann] or matt] ( disc\rse4 ,! rank ( ano!r does n 9 ! lea/ dem& t y %\ld surr5d] y\r op9ion to 81 nor conceal y\r s5tim5ts1 nor assume any o!r l9e ( subjects & topics ?an y w\ld address to ^? m imm$iately y\r equals 9 worldly position4 ,a vague1 undef9$ notion seems to float ?r\gh ea* rank ( society 9 our l&1 t ^? 9 ! /age above ?9k1 feel1 & act 9 a mann] diff]5t f ^? bel[4 ,a v great mi/ake ?is1 :i* (t5times *ills & *ecks & m>s all op5 fre$om ( address :5 "o ( an high] & "o ( a l[] rank are br\ght into ^? circum/ances :]e ! opportunity = conv]sation occurs1 if n ! absolute claim4 ,b let x be rememb]$ t ! m9d & he>t ( man or ( woman v>ies b little ?r\gh ^! m]e di/9ctions ( ! _w4 ,i d n say t x does n v>y at all1 b v little4 ,! ma9 curr5t ( joy1 ! ma9 curr5t ( sorr[1 is ! same 9 all classes1 ?\gh ! less] /reams may v>i\sly & sep>ately fl[4 ,! ma9 curr5t ( affections1 ( int]e/s1 is ! same4 ,all are subject to ! same ne$ ( k9d1 fri5dly sympa?y2 all are made to int]*ange ?\ght2 all %>e 9 ! manifold impressions ( our common nature4 ,weal? & nobility1 & rank & /ation1 are1 aft] all1 only artificial ?+s1 n ! ma9 /aple ( life 9 any man or woman4 ,:51 !re=e1 y are br\ght into ! society ( "o or m l ^!1 be to !m appropriately c\rte\s4 ,ackn[l$ge _! position at once1 & !n let y\r int]c\rse ) !m fl[ freely on1 j z ) o!rs4 ,tr\ble n !m1 nor tr\ble y\rself1 ) any o!r sy/em ( address4 ,deprive n !m1 nor deprive y\rself1 ( free1 op51 natural communication4 ,&1 dep5d ^u x1 t act+ & speak+ ?us1 y w n only be (t5times pleas$ r ?an sil5c$ & emb>rass$ by su* society1 b y w be sure to please & to be valu$1--yes1 & to meet no less fri5dly sympa?y1 bo? ( m9d & he>t1 ?an is to be f\nd 9 ea* o!r rank ( life4 ,& n[ a few words on conv]sation ) our poor] fri5ds or neighbors1 or any p]sons 9 ?is class ( life ) :om1 habitually1 we may h to d1 or :om we may meet at any "t or place4 ,& few ( t class be+1 ,i conclude1 "h1 ,i may speak to y z ^? :o w\ld gladly receive any h9ts = k9d consid]ation z to ! "r way ( fulfill+ y\r own "p 9 ?is matt]4 ,= ,i1 too1 w\ld wi% to be a le>n] on x1 s important d ,i conceive x to be4 ,s mu* has be5 said1 & s mu* has be5 writt51 on ! b5efit ( free1 k9dly int]c\rse betwe5 ! ri* & ! poor1 ! employ]s & ! employ$1 ^? :o labor ) _! heads & ^? :o labor ) _! h&s1 t any m]e g5]al or vague obs]vations on ! subject w\ld be q out ( place "h4 ,i %all1 accord+ly1 reg>d y n only z admitt+ ?is tru?1 b also z desir\s y\rselves to exemplify x2 &1 aga91 z admitt+1 & feel+ too1 t m]ely to pay wages1 & to give directions & comm&s1 & to be/[ alms1 & to support *>itable in/itutions 7h[ev] ne$ful & good su* ?+s may be71 is n en\gh = "o desir+ to secure ! sympa?y & love ( 8 poor] bre?r54 ,= t y mu/ be ready1 will+1 able to conv]se ) !m4 ,to qualify y\rself = do+ ?is1 is 9 _m pr(essions an indisp5sable & mo/ evid5t duty1--= in/ance1 ) ! m9i/]s ( religion & ) m$ical m54 ,!y c\ld d no?+ )\t su* conv]sation4 ,&1 consid]+ x due at prop] seasons f e "o 9 a high] class ( life to ^? bel[ !m1 ,i %all j (f] y a few h9ts1 :i* seem to me n unwor?y ( note4 ,avoid1 !n1 on ! "o h&1 all h>d1 ov]be>+ address2 :ile1 on ! o!r1 !re mu/ be en]gy1 _s1 firmness1 & life4 ,avoid all semblance ( patronage & condesc5sion1 b at ! same "t nev] make any =c$ attempts to appe> :at y are n1 or to assume a "* n y\r own4 ,d n imag9e ! range ( subjects small2 &1 :5 y c1 *oose ^? topics 9 :i* y & ^? address$ bo? take an int]e/4 ,_m !re are common to all classes4 ,be n impati5t to come to a po9t too quick1 b give p a full opportunity to express !mselves 9 _! own way2 nor c\nt ?is wa/e "t4 ,x is v mu* o!rwise4 ,use %ort r ?an long s5t5ces1--language colloquial1 n t ( books1--giv+ emphasis1 tone1 & /r5g? to y\r words1--nev] laps+ into cold1 lifeless1 inexpressive tones4 ,tru/ (t5times1 9 conv]sation ) ! poor & comp>atively un$ucat$1 t !re is mu* m intellig5ce )9 ?an ! answ] :i* !y make 9 words w\ld lead y1 at fir/ sight1 to expect4 ,be will+ & ready to tell some?+ ab\t y\rself1 y\r family1 & conc]ns1 :5 !re appe>s any int]e/ ab\t !m4 ,rememb] t family ties & affections are /rong 9 "o z 9 ano!r ( ! human family2 &1 z among y\r own fri5ds & associates y w\ld ref] to ^! natural topics1 s d "h4 ,let wants & necessities1 & trials & difficulties1 n be =gott51 b let !m n be ! :ole subject-matt] ( disc\rse4 ,no1 let x range f> m widely1 f> m attractively2 & y\r looks & y\r demeanor1 & y\r tones & words1 be+ all direct$ by good w1 & by practice too1 y inde$ w be no idl] 9 good works dur+ times & occasions ?us employ$4 ,y w w9 mu* love1 mu* e/eem1 mu* appreciation2 y w he> mu* "r feel+ express$1 &1 at times1 mu* to in=m y ( a practical k9d4 ,y w d good & receive good too4 ,x appe>s to me t ,i h n[ pres5t$ to y\r notice almo/ a suffici5cy ( topics1 relative to conv]sation1 = "o s+le lecture4 ,nev]!less1 ,i feel unwill+ to conclude )\t draw+ y\r att5tion to a few facts connect$ ) ! subject4 ,"o is1 t ! able/ & mightie/ au?ors ( all times & c\ntries h borne _! /rong te/imony to ! attraction :i* conv]sation pres5ts1 by ca/+ a l>ge portion ( _! writ+s into ?is =m or m\ld4 ,?us did ,hom] 9 poetry1 ,plato 9 philosophy1 & dramati/s1 ( all ages1 9 _! plays4 ,?us did ,cic]o 9 8 v>i\s treatises2 & ,horace appe>s,b talk+ to y 9 _m & _m a page4 ,dante's gr& poem1 ,il ,purgatorio1 is *iefly a conv]sation4 ,! ,fr5* h ev] excell$ 9 su* writ+s2 & ( su* a "* is t well-kn[n gem 9 ! lit]ature ( ,spa91 ,i ( c\rse allude to ,don ,quixote4 ,9 ,%akspe>e & ,walt] ,scott x is ! same1 & !y1 p]haps1 are ! mo/ popul> writ]s ( our l&1 except "o4 ,:o1 d y ask1 is t8 ,john ,bunyan1 ! au?or ( ! ,pilgrim's ,progress2 b t v book comes up ) its te/imony too1 be+ a dialogue ?r\gh\t1--ri* 9 pa?os & wit1 ri* 9 illu/ration1 ri* 9 exp]i5ce1 ri* 9 all v>iety & comb9ation1--9 a ^w1 ! v p]fection ( talk2 n less attractive ?an x is weighty1 n less ent]ta9+ ?an heav5ly1 holy1 & full ( all ?+s :i* make a book preci\s4 ,b ano!r book !re is1 ( :i* x is well said3-- ,a glory gilds ! sacr$ page1 ,maje/ic l ! sun6 ,x gives a light to e age2 ,x gives1 b borr[s none4 ,& 9 t book ( books !re are f\r %ort b mo/ mighty n>ratives4 ,& ea* ( ^? n>ratives conta9s ! "o mo/ important record :i* ev] _h to be told ^u ?is e>?4 ,ea* ( !m gives "o concurr5t hi/ory2 namely1 t ( ! life ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 ) 8 say+s & 8 de$s4 ,& ( conv]sation ^! holy n>ratives are full4 ,god has *os5 ?is mode ( rea*+ our m9ds & influ5c+ our he>ts1 by l>ge--v l>ge--portions ( !m writt5 aft] ?is fa%ion4 ,c[p] felt ?is s deeply1 t1 9 8 poem on our pres5t subject1 he has beautifully told & p>aphras$ all t w5t on :5 ,jesus met & talk$ ) ! two disciples on ! way to ,emmaus4 ,moreov]1 9 ^? gospels1 !re is "o1 p5n$ by t disciple :om ,jesus lov$2 & if !re is mu* conv]sation 9 all f\r ( !m1 9 x especially--9 ! gospel ( ,/4 ,john--conv]sation appe>s 9 all its full & cont9u$ glory4 ,take "o or two examples4 ,mank9d1 all mank9d1 _h to be taught ab\t ! complete atonem5t = our s9s made by our ,savi\r on ! cross4 ,:]e is x m cle>ly1 m mightily told ?an 9 ! ?ird *apt] ( ,/4 ,john's gospel8 ,b :at is t *apt]8 ,is x a law prescrib$ 9 set t]ms8--,no4 ,is x a s]mon8--,no4 ,is x a m]e address8--,no4 ,y w all rememb] x is a conv]sation1--,*ri/'s conv]sation ) ,nicodemus by night4 ,& s x is aga9 9 ! v next *apt]1 :]e a subject ( no less importance--,i say x advis$ly1 no less importance--is set =?1 viz4 ! "w ( ! ,holy ,_s 9 man's he>t2 & t is portray$ = u 9 a conv]sation ) ! woman ( ,sam>ia1 at ,sy*>'s well4 ,:at /rik+ in/ances are ^!6 ,& _m o!rs might be add$ to !m4 ,& ?us we h be=e u ev5 ! sanction & pro( f ! ,^w ( ,god1 t ! mo/ mighty & transc5d5t tru? c rea* u 9 no bett] =m ?an t :i* conv]sation gives1 & also t ,jesus ,*ri/ put 8 own royal /amp ( glory on x1 by employ+ x ,himself cont9ually1 :5 ^u ! e>? among m51 ?\gh he 0 _! ,"l & _! ,god4 ,hav+ ?us be5 l$ on1--,i ?9k v naturally1 &1 z ,i ?9k1 q appropriately1 too1 = "o ( my (fice & position1 at any "t or place1 or on any subject1--,i w n return to any light] !me4 ,i d n 9 ! lea/ regret t ,i h select$ my pres5t topic out ( v _m :i* sugge/$ !mselves to my m9d1 :5 ,i 0 ask$ to ex]cise ! privilege ( ?us address+ y1 z ,i h n[ done = ^! f\r ye>s4 ,i might h *os5 o!rs f> m ent]ta9+1 &1 no d\bt1 "s f> m k9dl+ & excit+ at ?is pres5t "t1,c :5 our ?\ghts & our feel+s are all s conc5trat$ on "o di/ant spot ( /rife & ( conte/1 & ( dang]1 & ( brav]y1 & w\nds1 & dea?s1 & b]eavem5ts1--& amid/ all1 ( honor unexampl$ to our brave bre?r5 9 arms4 ,b1 = _m reasons1 ,i h done o!rwise4 ,i h *os51 z usual1 a subject ( g5]al1 ( national1 ( wide-_w1 ( nev]-fail+ int]e/1 f day to day1 f week to week1 f mon? to mon?1 f ye> to ye>1 among ! va/ race ( our fell[s1--born social creatures1 born = mutual sympa?y1 ) int]*ang$ utt]ance1 spee*1 & conv]sation4 ,/rongly d ,i feel its importance1 & ,i _c help express+ my surprise t s little1 s v little1 has sy/ematically be5 writt5 or said ^u x4 ,i h f\nd x no ord9>y !me1 ,i assure y2 &1 ?\gh x is "o on :i* we all in/9ctively are int]e/$ 9 any circle1 or ) :omsoev] we may at any "t be1 /ill x is n "o on :i* ! arrangem5t & classification ( ?\ght is an easy ?+4 ,i !re=e %all n feel disappo9t$1 nor1 d ,i tru/1 w y be disappo9t$ ei!r1 9 t good employm5t ( y\r "t :i* y h a "r to expect f me1 z y\r lectur] to-night "h1 if ,i %all h set be=e y any ?\ghts1 = y\r att5tion1 :i* may improve1 9 ! lea/ degree1 ! c\rse & ! curr5t ( ord9>y conv]sation4 ,:5 we rememb] h[ mu* ( our innoc5t gratification1--h[ mu* ( our daily h>mony "o ) ano!r1--h[ mu* ( our mutual improvem5t1--dep5ds on ! "r ex]cise ( ?is goodly gift1--!n1 ,i am sure1 y w n consid] t ! subject is "o to be neglect$ or ignor$4 ,i v]ily believe t ,i d n ov]-/ate ! fact1 9 ass]t+ t = "o "t :5 we are liable to hurt1 or di/ress1 or (f5d ano!r by our acts & de$s1 !re are fifty or an hundr$1 or p]haps m1 occasions1 :5 we are liable to d s by our words1 & demeanor1 & utt]ance4 ,& aga91 = once t we c d k9d & pr(itable actions to ^? ar\nd u1 & associat+ ) u1 !re are fifty or an hundr$1--p]haps m occasions /ill1--:5 we c please or pr(it ano!r by our words4 ,i ask y1 z ^? :o c judge 9 ?is matt] = y\rselves1 ,is x n s8 ,is x n s mo/ und5iably8 ,well1 !n1 if ,i h be5 successful 9 lay+ d[n any "r pr9ciples1 9 expos+ any?+ disadvantage\s1 or 9 pres5t+ any available means = r5d]+ y\r daily int]c\rse m evid5tly k9d1 m evid5tly sympa?iz+1 m evid5tly1 9 a ^w1 su* z t :i* e good man w\ld wi% to exhibit1 & :i* mu/ r5d] him n only welcome & n only useful1 b a real & true ornam5t ( society 9 ! be/ s5se ( ! ^w2 if ,i h %[n y any?+ :atev] available to ?is end1 :e!r = y\r use at home or abroad1 9 ! cottage or ! %op1 9 ! humble/ abode or 9 ! noble/ & 9 ! weal?ie/1 !n surely ,i %all n h spok5 9 va94 ,i speak on no n>r[ topic1 & ,i speak = all4 ,truly x is "o :i* t\*es all2 & 9 ?is lies its /r5g? & its int]e/4 ,!re is no "o1 ,i believe1 :o does n intuitively & in/9ctively feel ei!r 8 ga9 or 8 loss 9 conv]sation1--! effect ( x on 8 own m9d & on 8 own feel+s at ! "t & aft]w>ds1--ei!r its h>ms or its *>ms4 ,all mu/ feel ?is1 ?\gh unable p]haps to classify _! ?\ghts or express !m on x1 & p]haps !y h nev] ?\ght ( s do+4 ,& ,i1 = "o1 w n hesitate to say t1 x hav+ be5 my lot to mix mu*1 & will+ly1 9 all ! v>i\s classes ( society1--& hav+ endeavor$1 s f> z 9 my p[] has be51 to cultivate & %[ a true bro!rly & fri5dly _s1 bo? to high & l[1--,i h met no?+ to conf] m pleasure & m advantage 9 daily life ?an fit conv]sation4 ,i h f\nd x f ! poore/4 ,i h f\nd x f ^? ( middle /ation4 ,i h f\nd x among ! noble & ! ri*4 ,&1 :ile )\t x ! h\rs ( social & ( family life may drag on heavily1 & 9 a we>isome & wor?less way1 "u ! ro(s ( spl5dor & magnific5ce1 & 9 ! mid/ ( fea/s1 & pomp1 & p>ade1 ) x1 freely int]*ang$ f well-in=m$ heads & cordial he>ts1 express+ :at !y "k & tell+ :at !y feel1 )\t any re/ra9t except t ( love1 & tact1 & propriety1--) x1 ,i say1 ! simple/ home may be "o ( enjoym5t & improvem5t e recurr+ day1 & ea* com+ gue/ w %>e its attractions1--& !re=e ,i say to e "o pres5t1 ,despise n ?is gift1 & try to improve x2 & seek ,div9e help = its "r regulation1 z well z = its use2 & be well assur$ t1 "u ,god's bless+1 9 its direction y w ga9 = y\rself1 & promote = y\r fell[-creatures1 no slight %>e ( true enjoym5t1 no slight b5efits bo? = ?is _w & = ! _w to come4 ,,footnotes3 ,a ,quale i fioretti1 dol notturno gielo ,*9ati e *iusi1 poi *e 'l sol gl' imbianca1 ,si drizzan tutti ap]ti 9 loro /elo1 ,tal mi fece io di mia virtute /anca4 ,inf4 ,c4 ii4 #abg-i4 ,b ,omne vaf] vitium rid5ti ,flaccus amico ,tangit1 et admissus circum praecordia ludit4 ,p]s4 i4 #aaf4 ,c ,decemb]1 #ahed4 ,,"p ,,iii4 ,a ,,^w ,,to ,,! ,,wise2 ,,by ,,p>ry ,,gwynne4 ,a ,,^w ,,to ,,! ,,wise4 ,,introduction4 ,,x is readily ackn[l$g$1 by all well educat$ =eign]s1 t ,engli% ,gramm> is v easy to le>n1 ! difficulties ( ! language ly+ 9 ! numb]less v>iations & lic5ses ( its pronunciation4 ,s9ce to u !n1 *ildr5 ( ! soil1 pronunciation has no difficulties to (f]1 is x n a reproa* t s _m speak _! own language 9 an inelegant & slatt]nly mann]1--ei!r ?r\gh an inexcusable ignorance ( grammatical rules1 or a wanton violation ( !m8 ,!re are two sorts ( bad speak]s1--! educat$ & ! un$ucat$4 ,i write = ! =m]1 & ,i %all deal ! less l5i5tly ) !m1 because :]e mu* is giv51 mu* w be expect$4 ,ay1 & :]e mu* has be5 a*iev$ too1 & intellectual laurels h be5 ga!r$1 is x n a reproa* t a slatt]nly mode ( expression %\ld sometimes det]iorate f ! eloqu5ce ( ! s*ol>1 & place ! accompli%$ man or woman1 9 ?is respect1 on a level ) ! half-educat$ or ! illit]ate8 ,"s "o1 ,i ?9k x is ,"l ,*e/]field1 has wisely said1 ,:atev] is wor? do+1 is wor? do+ well4 ,!n1 if our native language is wor? /udy+1 surely x is wor? speak+ well1 & z !re is no /&+ /ill 9 excell5ce ( any k9d1 s1 ev5 9 language1--9 s simple a ?+ z ! expression ( our ?\ghts by words1--if we d n improve we %all retrograde4 ,x is a common op9ion t a k ( ,lat9 sup]s$es ! necessity ( ! /udy ( ,engli% gramm>4 ,?is mu/ entail a /rong imputation ( c>elessness on our ,lat9 /ud5ts1 :o sometimes commit su* solecisms 9 ,engli% z make u regret !y did n once1 at lea/1 p]use ! grammatical rules ( _! native language4 ,we laugh at ! blund]s ( a =eign]1 b p]petrate our own (f5ces ) s mu* gravity t an obs]v] w\ld h a "r to suppose we consid] !m :at !y really are1--no laugh+ matt]4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,i4 ,"s p speak ( s _m spoonsfull1 in/ead ( s _m spoonfuls4 ,! rule on ?is subject says3 ,comp\nds end+ 9 ful1 & all ^? 9 :i* ! pr9cipal ^w is put la/1 =m ! plural 9 ! same mann] z o!r n\ns1--z 'h&fuls1 spoonfuls1 m\?fuls1' c41 c4 ,logic w demon/rate ! propriety ( ?is rule4 ,are y measur+ by a plurality ( spoons8 ,if s1 s _m spoonsfull mu/ be ! correct t]m2 b if ! process ( measur+ be effect$ by refill+ ! same spoon1 !n x becomes evid5t t ! precise idea meant to be convey$ is1 ! quantity conta9$ 9 ! vessel by :i* x is measur$1 :i* is a spoonful4 ,,ii4 ,x is a common mi/ake to speak ( a disagreeable effluvia4 ,?is ^w is effluvium 9 ! s+ul>1 & effluvia 9 ! plural4 ,! same rule %\ld be obs]v$ ) automaton1 arcanum1 erratum1 ph5om5on1 memor&um1 & sev]al o!rs :i* are less frequ5tly us$1 & :i* *ange ! um or on into a1 to =m ! plural4 ,x is s common a ?+1 h[ev]1 to say memor&ums1 t ,i fe> x w\ld s\nd a little p$antic1 9 colloquial /yle1 to use ! ^w memor&a2 & x is desirable1 p]haps1 t cu/om %\ld make an exception ( ?is ^w1 z well z ( encomium1 & all[ two t]m9ations to x1 accord+ to ! ta/e ( ! speak] & ! /yle ( ! disc\rse1--memor&ums or memor&a1 l encomiums or encomia4 ,,iii4 ,we h he>d pulse & pati5ce treat$ z pluralities1 mu* to our a/oni%m5t4 ,,iv4 ,x seems to be a position assum$ by all gramm>ians1 t _! read]s already und]/& ! mean+ ( ! ^w case1 z appli$ to n\ns & pron\ns2 h5ce !y nev] ent] into a cle> explanation ( ! simple t]m1 b proce$ at once to a discussion ( its grammatical di/9ctions1 9 :i* x frequ5tly happ5s t ! /ud5t1 = want ( a little introductory explanation1 is unable to accompany !m4 ,b ,i am n go+ to repeat to ! s*ol> h[ ! t]m case is d]iv$ f a ,lat9 ^w signify+ to fall1 & is s nam$ because all ! o!r cases fall or decl9e f ! nom9ative1 9 ord] to express ! v>i\s relations ( n\ns to ea* o!r1--:i* 9 ,lat9 !y d by a diff]5ce ( t]m9ation1 9 ,engli% by ! aid ( prepositions1--& t an ord]ly arrangem5t ( all ^! diff]5t t]m9ations is call$ ! decl5sion ( a n\n1 c4 ,i am n go+ to repeat to ! s*ol> ! ?+s he already kn[s2 b to y1 my g5tle read]s1 to :om ,lat9 is /ill an unkn[n tongue1 to :om gramm>s are become obsolete ?+s1 & grammatical def9itions w\ld be bewild]+ prelim9>ies1 m honor$ 9 ! brea* ?an 9 ! obs]vance1--to y ,i am anxi\s to expla91 9 ! cle>e/ mann] practicable1 all ! my/]ies ( ?is case1 because x 0 a cruel p]plexity to myself 9 days ( yore4 ,& ,i w endeavor to make my lecture z brief & cle> z possible1 reque/+ y to be> 9 m9d t no k is to be acquir$ )\t a little tr\ble2 & t :osoev] may consid] x too irksome a task to ex]t ! und]/&+ = a %ort p]iod1 mu/ be cont5t to rema9 9 inexcusable & irrem$iable ignorance4 ,?\gh1 ,i d\bt n1 :5 y come to p]ceive h[ great ! errors are :i* y daily commit1 y w n regret hav+ sat d[n quietly = half an h\r to li/5 to an uns*ola/ic exposition ( !m4 ,v4 ,we all und]/& ! mean+ ( ! ^w case1 z x is appli$ to ! common affairs ( life2 b :5 we meet ) x 9 our gramm>s1 we view x z an ab/ruse t]m4 ,we w n cons5t to believe t x means no?+ m ?an position ( affairs1 condition1 or circum/ances1 any "o ( :i* words might be sub/itut$ = x ) equal propriety1 if x 7 n indisp5sable 9 gramm> to adh]e /rictly to ! same t]m :5 we wi% to direct ! att5tion un]r+ly to ! same ?+1 & to keep ! und]/&+ alive to ! ju/ness ( its application2 :il/ a multiplicity ( names to "o ?+ w\ld be likely to create confusion4 ,?us1 if "o 7 to say1 ,?is is a v h>d case1 or ,a s+ul> case occurr$ ! o!r day1 or ,t poor man's case is a v deplorable "o1 we %\ld readily compreh5d t by ! ^w case 0 meant circum/ance or situation2 & :5 we speak1 9 ! language ( ! gramm>1 ( a n\n 9 ! nom9ative case1 we only mean a p]son or ?+ plac$ 9 su* circum/ances z to become m]ely nam$1 or nam$ z ! p]=m] ( "s action1--z ! man1 or ! man walks4 ,9 bo? ^! s5t5ces1 man is 9 ! nom9ative case2 because 9 ! fir/ he is simply nam$1 )\t ref]5ce to any circum/ance respect+ him1 & 9 ! second he is nam$ z ! p]=m] ( ! act ( walk+ m5tion$4 ,:5 we speak ( a n\n 9 ! possessive case1 we simply mean a p]son or ?+ plac$ "u su* circum/ances z to become nam$ z ! possessor ( some?+2 & :5 we speak ( a n\n 9 ! objective case1 we only int5d to express a p]son or ?+ /&+ 9 su* a situation z to be1 9 "s way or o!r1 affect$ by ! act ( "s o!r p]son or ?+1--z ,h5ry tea*es ,*>les4 ,"h ,h5ry is1 by an abbreviation ( t]ms1 call$ ! nom9ative case1 7in/ead ( ! n\n 9 ! nom9ative case17 because he /&s 9 t situation 9 :i* x is incumb5t on u to "n him z ! p]=m] ( ! act ( tea*+2 & ,*>les is1 by ! same abbreviat+ lic5se1 call$ ! objective case1 because he is 9 su* a position ( affairs z to receive ! act ( tea*+ :i* ,h5ry p]=ms4 ,i w n[ tell y h[ y may always di/+ui% ! ?ree cases4 ,read ! s5t5ce att5tively1 & und]/& accurately :at ! n\ns are repres5t$ z do+4 ,if any p]son or ?+ be repres5t$ z p]=m+ an action1 t p]son or ?+ is a n\n 9 ! nom9ative case4 ,if any p]son or ?+ be repres5t$ z possess+ some?+1 t p]son or ?+ is a n\n 9 ! possessive case4 ,& if any p]son or ?+ be repres5t$ z nei!r p]=m+ nor possess+1 x is a n\n 9 ! objective case1 :e!r directly or indirectly affect$ by ! action ( ! nom9ative2 because1 z we h 9 ,engli% b ?ree cases1 :i* conta9 ! sub/ance ( ! six ,lat9 cases1 :atev] is nei!r nom9ative nor possessive mu/ be objective4 ,"h ,i might w&] into a long digression on passive & neut] v]bs1 :i* ,i may seem to h totally ov]look$ 9 ! pr9ciple j laid d[n2 b ,i am n writ+ a gramm>1--n attempt+ to illu/rate ! v>i\s ramifications ( grammatical laws to p :o "k no?+ at all ab\t !m1--any m ?an ,i am writ+ = ! edification ( ! accompli%$ s*ol>1 to :om purity ( diction is already famili>4 ,i am writ+1 *iefly1 = t va/ portion ( ! educat$ classes :o h nev] look$ into a gramm> s9ce _! s*ool days 7 ov]1 b :o h +5i\sly hewn out = !mselves a middle pa? betwe5 ignorance & k1 & to :om c]ta9 little hillocks 9 _! way h ris5 up1 "u a d5se atmosph]e1 to ! magnitude ( m\nta9s4 ,i m]ely wi% to give to !m1 s9ce !y w n take ! tr\ble to se>* = !mselves1 "o broad & g5]al pr9ciple1 unclogg$ by exceptions1 to guide !m to propriety ( spee*2 & %\ld !y aft]w>ds acquire a ta/e = grammatical disputation1 !y w ( c\rse apply to m ext5sive s\rces = ! necess>y qualifications4 ,,vi4 ,x is sc>cely possible to commit any inaccuracy 9 ! use ( ^! cases :5 re/rict$ to n\ns1 b 9 ! application ( !m to pron\ns a w(ul confusion (t5 arises2 ?\gh ev5 9 ?is confusion exi/s a m>k$ di/9ction betwe5 ! errors ( ! ill-br$ & ^? ( ! well-br$ man4 ,to use ! objective in/ead ( ! nom9ative is a vulg> error2 to use ! nom9ative in/ead ( ! objective is a g5teel error4 ,no p]son ( dec5t education w\ld ?9k ( say+1 ,him & me are go+ to ! play4 ,yet h[ (t5 d we he> ev5 well educat$ p say1 ,!y 7 com+ to see my bro!r & ,i1--,! cl>et w be pack$ 9 two hamp]s = ,mr4 ,smi? & ,i1--,let y & ,i try to move x1--,let him & ,i g up & speak to !m1--,betwe5 y & ,i1 c4 c42--faults z he9\s z t ( ! vulg>ian :o says1 ,him & me are go+ to ! play1 & ) less excuse4 ,two m9utes' reflection w enable ! s*ol> to correct himself1 & a little ex]cise ( memory w %ield him f a repetition ( ! fault2 b1 = ! b5efit ( ^? :o may n be s*ol>s1 we w accompany him ?r\gh ! mazes ( 8 reflections4 ,:o are ! p]sons t are p]=m+ ! act ( com+ to see8 ,!y4 ,!n ! pron\n !y mu/ /& 9 ! nom9ative case4 ,:o are ! p]sons to :om ! act ( com+ to see ext5ds8 ,my bro!r & ,i4 ,!n my bro!r & ,i1 be+ ! objects affect$ by ! act ( ! nom9ative1 mu/ be a n\n & pron\n /&+ 9 ! objective case2 & z n\ns are n susceptible ( *ange on acc\nt ( cases1 x is only ! pron\n :i* requires alt]ation to r5d] ! s5t5ce correct3 ,!y 7 com+ to see my bro!r & me4 ,! same argum5t is applicable to ! o!r examples giv54 ,9 ! ,engli% language1 ! imp]ative mood ( a v]b is nev] conjugat$ ) a pron\n 9 ! nom9ative case1 !re=e1 ,let y & ,i try to move x1 ,let him & ,i g up & speak to !m1 are manife/ improprieties4 ,a v simple te/ may be =m$ by tak+ away ! fir/ n\n or pron\n f ! s5t5ce altoge!r1 & br++ ! v]b or preposition "r aga9/ t pron\n :i* y use to designate y\rself3 ?us1 ,!y 7 com+ to see ,i1 ,! cl>et w be pack$ 9 two hamp]s = ,i1 ,let ,i try to move x1 c4 ,by ?is means y\r own e> w correct y1 )\t any ref]5ce to grammatical rules4 ,& be> 9 m9d t ! numb] ( n\ns x may be necess>y to press into ! s5t5ce w n alt] ! case respect+ ! pron\ns4 ,betwe5 y & ,i is z errone\s an expression z any4 ,*ange ! position ( ! pron\ns1 & say1 ,betwe5 ,i & y2 or *ange ! s5t5ce altoge!r1 & say1 ,betwe5 ,i & ! wall !re 0 a great gap2 & y w soon see 9 :at case ! fir/ p]son %\ld be r5d]$4 ,prepositions gov]n ! objective case1 !re=e x is impossible to put a nom9ative aft] a preposition )\t a gross violation ( a rule :i* ought to be famili> to ev]ybody4 ,,vii4 ,! same mi/ake ext5ds to ! relative pron\ns :o & :om4 ,we seldom he> ! objective case us$ ei!r by vulg> or ref9$ speak]s4 ,:o did y give x to8 ,:o is ?is =8 are solecisms ( daily occurr5ce2 & :5 ! objective :om is us$1 x is g5]ally put 9 ! wrong place2 z1 ,! p]son :om ,i expect$ w\ld pur*ase t e/ate1 ,! man :om !y int5d %all execute t "w4 ,?is int]v5+ v]b 9 ea* s5t5ce1 ,i expect$ & !y int5d1 com+ betwe5 ! la/ v]b & its own nom9ative 7! relative pron\n71 has no p[] to alt] ! rule1 & no "r to violate x2 b z ! introduction ( an int]v5+ v]b1 9 su* situations1 is likely to beguile ! e> & confuse ! judgm5t1 x w\ld be bett] to avoid su* con/ructions altoge!r1 & turn ! s5t5ce 9 a diff]5t way2 z1 ,! p]son :om ,i expect$ to be ! pur*as] ( t e/ate1 ,! man :om !y int5d to execute t "w4 ,if ! read] w cut (f ! int]v5+ v]b1 :i* has no?+ to d ) ! con/ruction ( ! s5t5ce1 except to my/ify x1 he w p]ceive at a glance ! error & its rem$y3 ,! p]son :om w\ld pur*ase t e/ate1 ,! man :om %all execute t "w4 ,,viii4 ,x is v easy to mi/ake ! nom9ative :5 ano!r n\n comes betwe5 x & ! v]b1 :i* is frequ5tly ! case 9 ! use ( ! indef9ite & di/ributive pron\ns2 z1 ,"o ( ^? h\ses 7 sold la/ week1 ,ea* ( ! daught]s are to h a sep>ate %>e1 ,e tree 9 ^? plantations h be5 injur$ by ! /orm1 ,ei!r ( ! *ildr5 are at lib]ty to claim x4 ,"h x w be p]ceiv$ t ! pron\ns "o1 ea*1 e1 ei!r1 are ! true nom9atives to ! v]bs2 b ! int]v5+ n\n 9 ! plural numb]1 9 ea* s5t5ce1 deludes ! e>1 & ! speak]1 )\t reflection1 r5d]s ! v]b 9 ! plural in/ead ( ! s+ul> numb]4 ,! same error is (t5 committ$ :5 no second n\n appe>s to plead an apology = ! fault2 z1 ,ea* city h _! peculi> privileges1 ,ev]ybody has a "r to look aft] _! own int]e/1 ,ei!r are at lib]ty to claim x4 ,?is is ! effect ( pure c>elessness4 ,,ix4 ,!re is ano!r v common error1 ! rev]se ( ! la/ m5tion$1 :i* is t ( r5d]+ ! adjective pron\n 9 ! plural numb] in/ead ( ! s+ul> 9 su* s5t5ces z ! foll[+3 ,^! k9d ( ent]ta9m5ts are n conducive to g5]al improvem5t1 ,^? sort ( exp]im5ts are (t5 dang]\s4 ,?is error seems to orig9ate 9 ! habit :i* p ins5sibly acquire ( suppos+ ! prom95t n\n 9 ! s5t5ce 7su* z ent]ta9m5ts or exp]im5ts7 to be ! n\n qualifi$ by ! adjective ^! or ^?2 in/ead ( :i* x is k9d1 sort1 or any ^w ( t description imm$iately foll[+ ! adjective1 :i* %\ld be s qualifi$1 & ! adjective mu/ be made to agree ) x 9 ! s+ul> numb]4 ,we confess x is n s agreeable to ! e> to say1 ,?is k9d ( ent]ta9m5ts1 ,t sort ( exp]im5ts2 b x w\ld be easy to give ! s5t5ce a diff]5t =m1 & say1 ,ent]ta9m5ts ( ?is k9d1 ,exp]im5ts ( t sort1 by :i* ! requisitions ( gramm> w\ld be satisfi$1 & ^? ( euphony too4 ,x4 ,b ! gr& fault1 ! gl>+ impropriety1 committ$ by all ranks & conditions ( m51 ri* & poor1 high & l[1 illit]ate & le>n$1--except1 p]haps1 "o 9 tw5ty1--& f :i* n ev5 ! pulpit or ! b> is totally free1--is1 ! sub/itution ( ! active v]b lay = ! neut] v]b lie 7to lie d[n74 ,! s*ol> kn[s t active v]bs gov]n ! objective case1 & !re=e dem& an objective case aft] !m2 & t neut] v]bs w n admit an objective case aft] !m1 except ?r\gh ! m$ium ( a preposition4 ,he1 !re=e1 has no excuse = 8 error1 x is a wilful "o2 = him ! foll[+ is n writt54 ,& "h ,i may z well say1 once = all1 t :il/ ,i w\ld rem9d ! s*ol> ( 8 lapses1 my in/ructions & explanations are (f]$ only to ! class :i* requires !m4 ,to lay is an active transitive v]b1 l love1 dem&+ an objective case aft] x1 )\t ! int]v5tion ( a preposition4 ,to lie is a neut] v]b1 n admitt+ an objective case aft] x1 except ?r\gh ! int]v5tion ( a preposition2--yet ?is p]v]se g5]ation w g on sub/itut+ ! =m] = ! latt]4 ,no?+ c be m errone\s ?an to say1 z p con/antly d1 ,i %all g & lay d[n4 ,! "q :i* naturally arises 9 ! m9d ( ! discrim9at+ he>] is1 ,:at are y go+ to lay d[n1--money1 c>pets1 plans1 or :at8 =1 z a transitive v]b is us$1 an object is want$ to complete ! s5se4 ,! speak] means1 9 fact1 to tell u t he 7himself7 is go+ to lie d[n1 in/ead ( :i* he gives u to und]/& t he is go+ to lay d[n or put d[n some?+ :i* he has n nam$1 b :i* x is necess>y to "n be=e we c und]/& ! s5t5ce2 & ?is s5t5ce1 :5 complet$ accord+ to ! rules ( gramm>1 w nev] convey ! mean+ he int5ds4 ,"o might z well use ! v]b to put 9 ?is situation1 z ! v]b to lay1 = ea* is a transitive v]b1 requir+ an objective case imm$iately aft] x4 ,if y 7 to ent] a room1 &1 f9d+ a p]son ly+ on ! s(a1 7 to address him ) su* a "q z ,:at are y do+ !re8 y w\ld ?9k x ludicr\s if he 7 to reply1 ,i am putt+ d[n2 yet x w\ld n be m absurd ?an to say1 ,i am lay+ d[n2 b cu/om1 :il/ x fails to reconcile u to ! error1 has s famili>iz$ u ) x1 t we he> x )\t surprise1 & good bre$+ =bids our notic+ x to ! speak]4 ,! same mi/ake is committ$ ?r\gh all ! t5ses ( ! v]b4 ,h[ (t5 are nice e>s w\nd$ by ! foll[+ expressions1--,my bro!r lays ill ( a fev]1--,! vessel lays 9 ,/4 ,ka?>9e's ,docks1--,! books 7 lay+ on ! floor1--,he laid on a s(a ?ree weeks1--,aft] ,i _h laid d[n1 ,i rememb]$ t ,i _h left my pi/ols lay+ on ! table4 ,y mu/ p]ceive t1 9 e "o ( ^! in/ances1 ! wrong v]b is us$2 correct x1 !re=e1 accord+ to ! explanation giv52 ?us1 ,my bro!r lies ill ( a fev]1--,! vessel lies 9 ,/ ,ka!r9e's ,docks1--,! books 7 ly+ on ! floor1--,he lay on a s(a ?ree weeks1--,aft] ,i _h la9 d[n1 ,i rememb]$ t ,i _h left my pi/ols ly+ on ! table4 ,x is probable t ?is error has orig9at$ 9 ! circum/ance ( ! pres5t t5se ( ! v]b to lay be+ conjugat$ precisely l ! imp]fect t5se ( ! v]b to lie1 = !y are alike 9 or?ography & s\nd1 & diff]5t only 9 mean+2 & 9 ord] to rem$y ! evil :i* ?is resemblance seems to h creat$1 ,i h conjugat$ at full l5g? ! simple t5ses ( ! two v]bs1 hop+ ! exposition may be f\nd useful2 = x is an error :i* mu/ be correct$ by all :o aspire to ! m]it ( speak+ _! own language well4 ,,v]b ,,active4 ,to lay4 ,pres5t t5se4 ,i lay ,?\ laye/ money1 ,he lays c>pets1 ,we lay plans1--any ,y lay ?+4 ,!y lay ,imp]fect t5se4 ,i laid ,?\ laide/ money1 ,he laid c>pets1 ,we laid plans1--any ,y laid ?+4 ,!y laid ,pres5t ,p>ticiple1 ,lay+4 ,p]fect ,p>ticiple1 ,laid4 ,,v]b ,,neut]4 ,to lie4 ,pres5t t5se4 ,i lie ,?\ lie/ d[n1 ,he lies too long1 ,we lie on a s(a1--any ,y lie :]e4 ,!y lie ,imp]fect t5se4 ,i lay ,?\ laye/ d[n1 ,he lays too long1 ,we lay on a s(a1--any ,y lay :]e4 ,!y lay ,pres5t ,p>ticiple1 ,ly+1 ,p]fect ,p>ticiple1 ,la94 ,9 su* s5t5ces z ^!1 :]e9 ! v]b is us$ reflectively1--,if ,i lay myself d[n on ! grass ,i %all cat* cold1 ,he laid himself d[n on ! gre5 sw>d1--! v]b to lay is ) propriety sub/itut$ = ! v]b to lie2 = ! addition ( ! emphatic pron\n myself1 or himself1 con/itut+ an objective case1 & com+ imm$iately aft] ! v]b1 )\t ! int]v5tion ( a preposition1 r5d]s x necess>y t ! v]b employ$ %\ld be active1 n neut]1 because active v]bs gov]n ! objective case4 ,b ?is is ! only con/ruction 9 :i* to lay in/ead ( to lie c be sanction$ by ! rules ( gramm>4 ,,xi4 ,! same confusion (t5 arises 9 ! use ( ! v]bs sit & set1 rise & raise4 ,sit is a neut] v]b1 set an active "o2 yet h[ (t5 d p mo/ improp]ly say1 ,i h set ) him = h\rs1 ,he set on ! bea* till ! sun w5t d[n1 ,%e set ?ree nights by ! pati5t's b$side4 ,:at did !y set1--potatoes1 traps1 or :at8 = z an objective case is evid5tly impli$ by ! use ( an active v]b1 an object is indisp5sable to complete ! s5se4 ,no t5se :atev] ( ! v]b to sit is r5d]$ set1 :i* has b "o ^w ?r\gh\t ! :ole v]b1 except ! active p>ticiple sett+2 & sit has b two words1 sit & sat1 except ! active p>ticiple sitt+2 !re=e x is v easy to correct ?is error by ! help ( a little att5tion4 ,,xii4 ,raise is ! same k9d ( v]b z set1--active-transitive1 requir+ an objective case aft] x2 & x conta9s only two words1 raise & rais$1 besides ! active p>ticiple rais+4 ,rise is a neut] v]b1 n admitt+ an objective case4 ,x conta9s two words1 rise & rose2 besides ! two p>ticiples1 ris+ & ris54 ,x is improp]1 !re=e1 to say1 ,he rose ! books f ! floor1 ,he rises ! fruit z x falls1 ,aft] %e _h ris5 ! basket on h] head1 c4 ,9 all su* cases use ! o!r v]b raise4 ,x occurs to me1 t if p w\ld take ! tr\ble to reckon h[ _m diff]5t words a v]b conta9s1 !y w\ld be 9 less dang] ( mi/ak+ !m4 ,lay conta9s two words1 lay & laid1 besides ! active p>ticiple lay+4 ,lie has also two words1 lie & lay1 besides ! two p>ticiples ly+ & la92 & f ?is second ^w lay arises all ! confusion ,i h _h to lam5t 9 ! =ego+ pages4 ,,xiii4 ,to ! s*ol> ,i w\ld rem>k ! preval5t impropriety ( adopt+ ! subjunctive in/ead ( ! indicative mood1 9 s5t5ces :]e d\bt or unc]ta9ty is express$1 al?\gh ! =m] c only be us$ 9 situations 9 :i* cont+5cy & futurity are comb9$4 ,?us1 a g5tleman1 giv+ an ord] to 8 tailor1 may say1 ,make me a coat ( a c]ta9 description1 if x fit me well ,i w give y ano!r ord]2 because ! fit allud$ to is a ?+ :i* ! future has to det]m9e4 ,b :5 ! coat is made & br\ght home1 he _c say1 ,if ?is clo? be good ,i w give y ano!r ord]1 = ! quality ( ! clo? is already det]m9$2 ! future w n alt] x4 ,x may be good1 x may be bad1 b :atev] x may be x already is2 !re=e1 z cont+5cy only is impli$1 )\t futurity1 x mu/ be r5d]$ 9 ! indicative mood1 ,if ?is clo? is good1 c4 ,we may ) propriety say1 ,if ! book be s5t 9 "t1 ,i %all be able to read x to-night1 because ! s5d+ ( ! book is an ev5t :i* ! future mu/ produce2 b we mu/ n say1 ,if ?is book be s5t = me1 x is a mi/ake1 because "h ! act allud$ to is already p]=m$1--! book has come4 ,i ?9k x v likely t p h be5 beguil$ into ?is error by ! prefix ( ! conjunction1 =gett+ t conjunctions may be us$ ) ! indicative z well z ) ! subjunctive mood4 ,,xiv4 ,"s p use ! imp]fect t5se ( ! v]b to g1 in/ead ( ! pa/ p>ticiple1 & say1 ,i %\ld h w5t1 in/ead ( ,i %\ld h gone4 ,?is is n a v common error1 b x is a v great "o2 & ,i %\ld n h ?\ght x c\ld come )9 ! range ( ! class = :i* ?is book is writt51 b t ,i h he>d ! fault committ$ by p ( ev5 tol]able education4 ,"o might z well say1 ,i %\ld h 0 at ! !atre la/ night1 in/ead ( ,i %\ld h be5 at ! !atre1 c41 z say1 ,i %\ld h w5t in/ead ( ,i %\ld h gone4 ,,xv4 ,o!rs !re are :o inv]t ?is error1 & use ! pa/ p>ticiple ( ! v]b to d in/ead ( a t5se ( ! v]b1 say+1 ,i done in/ead ( ,i did4 ,?is is inadmissible4 ,i did x1 or ,i h done x1 is a phrase correct 9 its =mation1 its application be+1 ( c\rse1 dep5d5t on o!r circum/ances4 ,,xvi4 ,!re are speak]s :o are too ref9$ to use ! pa/ 7or p]fect7 p>ticiple ( ! v]bs to dr9k1 to run1 to beg91 c41 & sub/itute ! imp]fect t5se1 z 9 ! v]b to g4 ,?us1 in/ead ( say+1 ,i h drunk1 he has run1 !y h begun1 !y say1 ,i h drank he has ran1 !y h began c4 ,^! are m9or errors1 ,i admit2 /ill1 nice e>s detect !m4 ,,xvii4 ,i tru/ x is unnecess>y to w>n any ( my read]s aga9/ adopt+ ! flagrant vulg>ity ( say+ don't ought1 & hadn't ought1 in/ead ( ought n4 ,x is also incorrect to employ no = n 9 su* phrases z1 ,if x is true or no 7n71 ,is x s or no 7n78 ,,xviii4 ,_m p h an odd way ( say+1 ,i expect1 :5 !y only mean ,i ?9k1 or ,i conclude2 z1 ,i expect my bro!r is gone to ,ri*mond to-day1 ,i expect ^? books 7 s5t to ,p>is la/ ye>4 ,?is is wrong4 ,expect c relate only to future "t1 & mu/ be foll[$ by a future t5se1 or a v]b 9 ! inf9itive mood2 z1 ,i expect my bro!r w g to ,ri*mond to-day1 ,i expect to f9d ^? books 7 s5t to ,p>is la/ ye>4 ,"h ! introduction ( a future t5se1 or ( a v]b 9 ! inf9itive mood1 rectifies ! gramm> )\t alt]+ ! s5se2 b su* a portion ( ! s5t5ce mu/ n be omitt$ 9 expression1 z no su* ellipsis is all[able4 ,,xix4 ,! majority ( speak]s use ! imp]fect t5se & ! p]fect t5se toge!r1 9 su* s5t5ces z ! foll[+1--,i int5d$ to h call$ on him la/ night1 ,i meant to h pur*as$ "o ye/]day1--or a plup]fect t5se1 & a p]fect t5se toge!r ,i h sometimes he>d1 z1 ,y %\ld h writt5 to h told h]4 ,^! expressions are illogical1 because1 z ! int5tion to p]=m an act mu/ be prior to ! act contemplat$1 ! act itself _c ) propriety be express$ by a t5se indicat+ a p]iod ( "t previ\s to ! int5tion4 ,! ?ree s5t5ces %\ld be correct$ ?us1 plac+ ! second v]b 9 ! inf9itive mood1 ,i int5d$ to call on him la/ night1 ,i meant to pur*ase "o ye/]day1 ,y %\ld h writt5 to tell h]4 ,b ! imp]fect t5se & ! p]fect t5se are to be comb9$ 9 su* s5t5ces z ! foll[+1 ,i rem>k$ t !y appe>$ to h und]gone great fatigue2 because "h ! act ( und]go+ fatigue mu/ h tak5 place previ\s to ! p]iod 9 :i* y h _h ! opportunity ( rem>k+ its effect on _! appe>ance2 ! s5t5ce1 !re=e1 is bo? grammatical & logical4 ,,xx4 ,ano!r /range p]v]sion ( grammatical propriety is to be he>d occasionally 9 ! adoption ( ! pres5t t5se ( ! v]b to h1 mo/ probably in/ead ( ! pa/ p>ticiple1 b 9 situations 9 :i* ! p>ticiple itself w\ld be a r$undance2 su* z1 ,if ,i _h h kn[n1 ,if he _h h come accord+ to appo9tm5t1 ,if y _h h s5t me t intellig5ce1 c4 ,( :at utility is ! ^w h 9 ! s5t5ce at all8 ,:at (fice does x p]=m8 ,if x /&s 9 place ( any o!r ^w1 t o!r ^w w\ld /ill be an incumbrance2 b ! s5t5ce be+ complete )\t x1 x becomes an illit]ate sup]fluity4 ,if ,i _h h kn[n t y w\ld h be5 !re be=e me1 ,i w\ld h writt5 to y to h wait$ till ,i _h h come4 ,:at a con/ruction f ! lips ( an educat$ p]son6 & yet we d sometimes he> ?is slip-slop utt]$ by p :o are consid]$ to speak ,fr5* & ,italian well1 & :o enjoy ! reputation ( be+ accompli%$6 ,,xxi4 ,x is amus+ to obs]ve ! broad l9e ( dem>cation :i* exi/s betwe5 vulg> bad gramm> & g5teel bad gramm>1 & :i* *>act]izes ! violation ( almo/ e rule ( syntax4 ,! vulg> speak] uses adjectives in/ead ( adv]bs1 & says1 ,?is lett] is writt5 %ock+2 ! g5teel speak] uses adv]bs in/ead ( adjectives1 & says1 ,?is writ+ looks %ock+ly4 ,! p]petrators ( ! latt] (f5ce may fancy !y c %ield !mselves beh9d ! grammatical law :i* compels ! employm5t ( an adv]b1 n an adjective1 to qualify a v]b1 & beh9d ! fir/ rule ( syntax1 :i* says a v]b mu/ agree ) its nom9ative4 ,b :i* is ! nom9ative 9 ! expression allud$ to8 ,:i* p]=ms ! act ( look+1--! writ+ or ! speak]8 ,to say t a ?+ looks :5 we look at x1 is an idiom peculi> to our language1 & "s idioms are n r$ucible to rules2 !y are conv5tional t]ms :i* pass curr5t1 l bank notes1 = ! /]l+ !y repres5t1 b mu/ n be submitt$ to ! te/ ( grammatical al*ymy4 ,x is improp]1 !re=e1 to say1 ,! que5 looks beautifully1 ,! fl[]s smell sweetly1 ,?is writ+ looks %ock+ly2 because x is ! speak] t p]=ms ! act ( look+1 smell+1 c41 n ! n\n look$ at2 & ?\gh1 by an idiomatical con/ruction necess>y to avoid circumlocution1 ! s5t5ce imputes ! act to ! ?+ beheld1 ! qualify+ ^w mu/ express ! quality ( ! ?+ spok5 (1 adjectively1 in/ead ( qualify+ ! act ( ! nom9ative und]/ood1 adv]bially4 ,:at an adjective is to a n\n1 an adv]b is to a v]b2 an adjective expresses ! quality ( a ?+1 & an adv]b ! mann] ( an action4 ,consid] :at x is y wi% to express1 ! quality ( a ?+1 or ! mann] ( an action1 & use an adjective or adv]b accord+ly4 ,b bew>e t y discrim9ate ju/ly2 = ?\gh y _c say1 ,! que5 look$ maje/ically 9 h] robes1 because "h ! act ( look+ is p]=m$ by ! spectator1 :o looks at h]1 y c & mu/ say1 ,! que5 look$ graci\sly on ! petition]1 ,! que5 look$ m]cifully on 8 pray]1 because "h ! act ( look+ is p]=m$ by ! que54 ,y _c say1 ,^! fl[]s smell sweetly1 because x is y t smell1 & n ! fl[]s2 b y c say1 ,^! fl[]s p]fume ! air delici\sly1 because x is !y :i* imp>t ! fragrance1 n y4 ,y _c say1 ,?is dress looks badly1 because x is y t look1 n ! dress2 b y c say1 ,?is dress fits badly1 because x is ! dress t p]=ms ! act ( fitt+ ei!r well or ill4 ,!re are "s peculi> idioms :i* x w\ld be bett] to avoid altoge!r1 if possible2 b if y feel compell$ to use !m1 take !m z !y are1--y _c prune & ref9e !m by ! rules ( syntax1 & to attempt to d s %[s ignorance z well z affectation4 ,,xxii4 ,!re is a mi/ake (t5 committ$ 9 ! use ( ! adv]bs ( place1 h5ce1 !nce1 :5ce4 ,p are apt to say1 ,he w g f !nce to-morr[1 c4 ,! preposition f is includ$ 9 ^! adv]bs1 !re=e x becomes tautology 9 s5se :5 prefix$ to !m4 ,,xxiii4 ,equally z well is a v common expression1 & a v incorrect "o2 ! adv]b ( comp>ison1 z1 has no "r 9 ! s5t5ce4 ,equally well1 ,equally high1 ,equally de>1 %\ld be ! con/ruction2 & if a complem5t be necess>y 9 ! phrase1 x %\ld be prec$$ by ! preposition )1 z1 ,! wall 0 equally high ) ! =m] "o1 ,! goods at ,smi?'s are equally de> ) ^? sold at ! %op next door1 c4 ,equally ! same is tautology4 ,,xxiv4 ,:e!r1 sometimes an adv]b1 sometimes a conjunction1 is a ^w t pla9ly indicates a *oice ( ?+s 7( c\rse ,i _c be suppos$ to mean a fre$om ( *oice72 x is highly improp]1 !re=e1 to place x1 z _m d1 at ! head ( ea* "p ( a s5t5ce1 z1 ,i h n yet made up my m9d :e!r ,i %all g to ,france1 or :e!r ,i %all rema9 9 ,engl&4 ,! conjunction %\ld n be repeat$1 z x is evid5t ! alt]native is express$ only 9 ! comb9ation ( ! two p>ts ( ! s5t5ce1 n 9 ei!r ( !m tak5 sep>ately2 & ! phrase %\ld /& ?us1 ,i h n yet made up my m9d :e!r ,i %all g to ,france or rema9 9 ,engl&4 ,,xxv4 ,!re is an awkw>dness preval5t among/ all classes ( society 9 su* s5t5ces z ! foll[+3 ,he quitt$ 8 horse1 & got on to a /age coa*1 ,he jump$ on to ! floor1 ,%e laid x on to a di%1 ,i ?rew x on to ! fire4 ,:y use two prepositions :]e "o w\ld be q z explicit1 & f> m elegant8 ,nobody1 at ! pres5t day1 w\ld ?9k ( say+1 ,he came up to ,london = to g to ! exhibition1 because ! preposition = w\ld be an awkw>d sup]fluity4 ,s is to 9 ! examples giv52 9 ea* ( :i* !re is an unwield9ess ( con/ruction :i* rem9ds "o ( ! process ( glue+1 or fa/5+1 "o ?+ on to ano!r4 ,expunge ! r$undant preposition1 & be assur$1 g5tle read]1 ! s5t5ce w /ill be f\nd an elegant suffici5cy4 ,!re are "s situations1 h[ev]1 9 :i* ! two prepositions may ) propriety be employ$1 ?\gh !y are nev] indisp5sable1 z1 ,i accompani$ su* a "o to ,isl+ton1 & !n walk$ on to ,k+sl&4 ,b "h two motions are impli$1 ! walk+ onw>d1 & ! rea*+ ( a c]ta9 po9t4 ,m might be said to illu/rate ! di/9ction1 b we believe x w n be deem$ necess>y4 ,,xxvi4 ,!re seems to be a natural t5d5cy to deal 9 a r$undance ( prepositions4 ,_m p talk ( cont9u+ on4 ,i %\ld be glad to be in=m$ 9 :at o!r direction x w\ld be possible to cont9ue4 ,,xxvii4 ,x is mo/ illit]ate to put ! preposition ( aft] ! adv]b (f1 z1 ,! sat9 measur$ twelve y>ds be=e ,i cut ?is piece (f ( x1 ,! fruit 0 ga!r$ (f ( t tree4 ,_m ( my read]s w consid] su* a rem>k q unnecess>y 9 ?is volume2 b _m o!rs1 :o ought to "k bett]1 mu/ /& self-condemn$ on read+ x4 ,,xxviii4 ,!re is a false ta/e extant = ! preposition on in/ead ( ( 9 songs1 poetry1 & _m o!r situations 9 :i* !re is /ill less excuse = borr[+ ! poetic lic5se2 su* z1 ,wilt ?\ ?9k on me1 love8 ,i w ?9k on !e1 love1 ,!n ?9k on ! fri5d :o once welcom$ x too1 c41 c4 ,b ?is is an error *iefly to be met ) among poeta/]s & melodramatic speak]s4 ,,xxix4 ,"s p add a sup]flu\s preposition at ! end ( a s5t5ce1--,m ?an y ?9k =4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is an awkw>dness r>ely committ$ by p]sons ( dec5t education4 ,,xxx4 ,t prepositions gov]n ! objective case is a gold5 rule ( gramm>2 & if x 7 only well rememb]$1 x w\ld effectually correct t mi/ake ( sub/itut+ ! nom9ative = ! objective pron\n1 :i* has be5 compla9$ ( 9 ! prec$+ pages4 ,9 us+ a relative pron\n 9 ! objective case1 x is m elegant to put ! preposition be=e ?an aft] x1 ?us1 ,to :om 0 ! ord] giv58 in/ead (1 ,:om 0 ! ord] giv5 to8 ,inde$1 if ?is practice 7 to be inv>iably adopt$1 x w\ld obviate ! possibility ( conf\nd+ ! nom9ative ) ! objective case1 because no man w\ld ev] f9d himself able to utt] su* a s5t5ce z1 ,to :o 0 ?is proposal made8 ?\gh he might v unconsci\sly say1 ,:o 0 ?is proposal made to8 & ! error w\ld be equally flagrant 9 bo? in/ances4 ,,xxxi4 ,!re is a great inaccuracy connect$ ) ! use ( ! disjunctive conjunctions or & nor1 :i* seem to be ei!r n cle>ly und]/ood1 or treat$ ) undue contempt by p]sons :o speak 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,h5ry or ,john are to g !re to-night1 ,8 son or 8 nephew h s9ce put 9 _! claim1 ,nei!r "o nor ! o!r h ! lea/ *ance ( success4 ,! conjunctions disjunctive or & nor sep>ate ! objects 9 s5se1 z ! conjunction copulative unites !m2 & z1 by ! use ( ! =m]1 ! ?+s /& =? sep>ately & s+ly to ! compreh5sion1 ! v]b or pron\n mu/ be r5d]$ 9 ! s+ul> numb] also2 z1 ,h5ry or ,john is to g !re to-night1 ,8 son or 8 nephew has s9ce put 9 8 claim1 c4 ,if y look ov] ! s5t5ce1 y w p]ceive t only "o is to d ! act1 !re=e only "o c be ! nom9ative to ! v]b4 ,,xxxii4 ,_m p improp]ly sub/itute ! disjunctive b = ! comp>ative ?an1 z1 ,! m9d no soon] ent]ta9s any proposition1 b x pres5tly ha/5s to "s hypo!sis to bottom x on4--,locke4 ,no o!r res\rce b ?is 0 all[$ him4 ,my behavior1 says %e1 has1 ,i fe>1 be5 ! dea? ( a man :o _h no o!r fault b t ( lov+ me too mu*4--,spectator4 ,,xxxiii4 ,sometimes a relative pron\n is us$ in/ead ( a conjunction1 9 su* s5t5ces z ! foll[+3 ,i don't "k b :at ,i %all g to ,brighton to-morr[1 in/ead (1 ,i don't "k b t1 c4 ,,xxxiv4 ,sometimes ! disjunctive b is sub/itut$ = ! conjunction t1 z1 ,i h no d\bt b he w be "h to-night4 ,sometimes = ! conjunction if1 z1 ,i %\ldn't wond] b t 0 ! case4 ,& sometimes two conjunctions are us$ in/ead ( "o1 z1 ,if t ,i h (f5d$ him1 ,aft] t he _h se5 ! p>ties1 c4 ,all ?is is v awkw>d inde$1 & ought to be avoid$1 & might easily be s by a little att5tion4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,i4 ,,x is obsolete n[ to use ! article an be=e words beg9n+ ) long u or ) eu1 & x has become m elegant1 9 mod]n /yle1 to say1 a univ]sity1 a useful article1 a ,european1 a euphoni\s comb9ation ( s5t5ces1 c41 c4 ,x is also prop] to say su* a "o1 n su* an "o4 ,,ii4 ,"s p pron\nce ! plural ( h&k]*ief1 sc>f1 :>f1 dw>f1 h&k]*ieves1 sc>ves1 :>ves1 dw>ves4 ,?is is an error1 z ^! words1 & p]haps a few o!rs1 are exceptions to ! rule laid d[n1 t n\ns end+ 9 f & fe %all *ange ^! t]m9ations into ves to =m ! plural4 ,,iii4 ,!re is an illit]ate mode ( pron\nc+ ! adv]b too1 :i* is t ( contract+ x into ! s\nd ( ! preposition to2 ?us1 ,i ?9k ,i paid to mu* = ?is gun1 ,?is l9e is to long by half4 ,! adv]b too %\ld be pron\nc$ l ! num]al adjective two1 & h ! same full di/9ct s\nd 9 deliv]y1 z1 ,i ?9k ,i paid two mu* = ?is gun1 ,?is l9e is two long by half4 ,,iv4 ,"o does n expect to he> su* words z necessi'at$1 prev5tative1 c41 f p :o pr(ess to be educat$2 b "o does he> !m1 nev]!less1 & _m o!rs ( ! same g5us1 ( :i* ! foll[+ li/ is a specim51 n a collection4 ,febu>y & ,febbiw]ry1 in/ead ( ,febru>y4 ,seckat]ry in/ead ( secret>y4 ,gov]'m5t gov]nm5t4 ,eve'm9 ev5+4 ,sev'm sev54 ,holladiz holidays4 ,mossle morsel4 ,*app$1 accord+ to or?ography1 in/ead ( *opp$1 accord+ to polite usage4 ,& we h ev5 he>d cont95tal pron\nc$ cont95tial1 ?\gh ^u :at au?ority we "k n4 ,besides ^!1 a multitude ( o!rs might be quot$1 :i* we consid] too famili> to p>ticul>ize & too num]\s to m5tion4 ,v4 ,!re is an old je/ on record ( a p]son he>+ ano!r pron\nce ! ^w curiosity curosity1 & rem>k+ to a by/&]1 ,t man murd]s ! ,engli% language4 ,nay1 replies ! p]son address$1 he only knocks an eye 7i7 out4 ,& ,i am inv>iably rem9d$ ( ?is old je/ :5ev] ,i he> su* pronunciations z ! foll[+1--,lat'n = ,lat91 sat'n = sat91 & ,brita9 pron\nc$ s z to rhyme ) writt51--( :i* a few examples w be giv5 on a subsequ5t page1 n ) ! wild hope ( compris+ 9 s %ort a space all ! p]v]sions ( prosody :i* are con/antly tak+ place1 b simply ) ! int5tion ( rem9d+ c>eless speak]s ( "s g5]al pr9ciples !y seem to h =gott51 & ( ! va/ accumulation ( error !y may engraft ^u !mselves by a lazy adh]5ce to ! cu/om ( ! cr[d4 ,be=e1 h[ev]1 proce$+ to ! words 9 "q1 x may be satisfactory to our read]s to recall to _! memory ! obs]vations ( ,l9dley ,murray on ! subject4 ,he says1 ,!re is sc>cely any?+ :i* m di/+ui%es a p]son ( poor education f a p]son ( a good "o ?an ! pronunciation ( ! unacc5t$ v[els4 ,:5 v[els are "u ! acc5t1 ! be/ speak]s1 & ! l[e/ ( ! p1 ) v few exceptions1 pron\nce !m 9 ! same mann]2 b ! unacc5t$ v[els 9 ! m\?s ( ! =m] h a di/9ct1 op51 & specific s\nd1 :ile ! latt] (t5 totally s9k !m1 or *ange !m into "s o!r s\nd4 ,! words t h *iefly /ruck me are ! foll[+1 9 :i* n only ! i b "s ( ! o!r v[els are submitt$ to ! mutilat+ process1 or1 z ,i h he>d x pron\nc$1 mutulat+4 ,brit'n in/ead ( ,brita94 ,lat'n ,lat94 ,sat'n ,sat94 ,patt'n ,patt54 ,curt'n ,curta94 ,c]t'n ,c]ta94 ,bridle ,bridal4 ,idle ,idol4 ,m$dle ,m$al4 ,moddle ,model4 ,m5tle ,m5tal4 ,mortle ,mortal4 ,fatle ,fatal4 ,gravle ,gravel4 ,travle ,travel4 ,sudd'n ,sudd54 ,infidle ,infidel4 ,scroop'-l\s ,scru-pu-l\s4 ,& a long tra9 ( et cet]a1 ( :i* ! above examples d n furni% a ti!4 ,note4--,t to s\nd ! e 9 g>d5 & (t51 & ! i 9 evil & devil1 is a decid$ error4 ,!y %\ld always be pron\nc$ g>d'n & (t'n1 ev'l & dev'l4 ,"s p pron\nce ! ,i 9 ,iri% & its concomitants s z to make ! words ,irel&1 ,iri%m51 ,iri% l951 c41 s\nd z if !y 7 writt5 ,arl&1 ,a-ri%m51 ,ari% l951 c4 ,?is is lit]ally knock+ an i out4 ,,vi4 ,x is affect$1 & contr>y to au?ority1 to deprive ! s ( its %>p hiss+ s\nd 9 ! words precise1 desolate1 design1 & _! d]ivatives4 ,,vii4 ,!re is "o peculi>ity :i* we feel b\nd to notice1 because x has infect$ ,engli% speak]s1--t ( corrupt+ ! e & ! i into ! s\nd ( a or u1 9 ! words ability1 humility1 *>ity1 c42 = h[ (t5 is ! e> wrung by su* b>b>isms z1 humilutty1 civilutty1 qualaty1 quantaty1 crualty1 *>aty1 humanaty1 b>b>aty1 horruble1 t]ruble1 & s on1 ad inf9itum6--an unc\? practice1 to :i* no?+ is comp>able1 except pron\nc+ yalla = yell[4 ,,viii4 ,!re is 9 "s qu>t]s a bad mode preval5t ( pron\nc+ ! plural ( su* words z face1 place1 c41 fazes1 plazes1 :il/ ! plural ( price seems ev]y:]e subject to ! same /range mutation4 ,! words %\ld be faces1 places1 prices1 )\t any s(t5+ ( ! c into z4 ,!re is1 too1 an ugly fa%ion ( pron\nc+ ! ng1 :5 t]m9at+ a ^w or syllable1 z we pron\nce ! same comb9ation ( lett]s 9 ! ^w f+]1 & mak+ su* words z s+]1 r+]1 c41 rhyme ) l+]4 ,sometimes ! d\ble o is elongat$ into ! s\nd :i* we give to t dip?ong 9 room1 fool1 moon1 c41 :i* has a v bad effect 9 su* words z book1 look1 nook1 took1 c42 & sometimes x is contract$ into ! s\nd ( %ort u1 mak+ foot1 & "s o!r words1 rhyme ) b4 ,,ix4 ,& hav+ rem>k$ on ! l+]+ pronunciation1 x is b fair to notice a defect1 ! rev]se ( ?is1 namely1 t ( omitt+ ! f9al g 9 su* words z say+1 go+1 %ill+1 c41 & pron\nc+ !m say91 go91 %ill94 ,?is is s common an error t x g5]ally escapes notice1 b is a great] blemi%1 :]e we h a "r to look = p]fection1 ?an ! peculi>ities ( ! prov9ces 9 ^? :o reside !re4 ,x4 ,x is also a common fault to add a gratuit\s r to words end+ ) a v[el1 su* z ,emmar1 ,l\isar1 ,juliar1 & to make draw1 law1 saw1 flaw1 ) all o!rs ( ! same class1 rhyme ) w>2 to omit ! r 9 su* words z corks1 =ks1 curta9s1 morsel1 c42 9 ! ^w p]haps1 :5 !y consci5ti\sly pron\nce ! h2 & sometimes 9 ,p>is2 or to conv]t x into ! s\nd ( a y :5 x comes betwe5 two v[els1 z 9 ! "n ,h>riet1 & 9 ! words sup]ior1 int]ior1 c41 frequ5tly pron\nc$ ,aah-yet1 su-pe-yor1 9-te-yor1 c4 ,,xi4 ,!re is a vici\s mode ( amalgamat+ ! f9al s ( a ^w 7& sometimes ! f9al c1 :5 prec$$ & foll[$ by a v[el7 ) ! fir/ lett] ( ! next ^w1 if t lett] happ5s to be a y1 9 su* a mann] z to produce ! s\nd ( % or ( usu 9 usual2 z1 ,a ni%e "y man1 ,:at make% y laugh8 ,if he (f5d% y1 don't speak to him1 ,a% y please1 ,n ju% yet1 ,we always pas% y\r h\se 9 go+ to call on ,mis% ,yates1--%e lives ne> ,pala% ,y>d2 & s on ?r\gh all ! possibilities ( su* a comb9ation4 ,?is is decid$1 unmitigat$ cockneyism1 hav+ its p>allel 9 no?+ except ! brok5 ,engli% ( ! sons ( ,abraham2 & to adopt x 9 conv]sation is c]ta9ly n speak+ l a ,*ri/ian4 ,! effect ( ?is pronunciation on ! e> is z ?\gh ! m\? ( ! speak] 7 fill$ ) fro?1 :i* imp$es ! utt]ance1 & gives ! semblance ( a defect :]e nature _h k9dly int5d$ p]fection2 b ! radical cause ( ?is1 & ( _m o!r mispronunciations1 is ! c>elessness1 sometimes ! ignorance1 ( tea*]s1 :o p]mit *ildr5 to read & speak 9 a slov5ly mann]1 )\t op5+ _! tee?1 or tak+ any pa9s to acquire a di/9ct articulation4 ,,xii4 ,:il/ we are on ! subject ( ,prosody1 we mu/ n omit to m5tion ! vici\s pronunciation occasionally giv5 to ! words new1 due1 ,tuesday1 /upid1 & a few o!rs1 sometimes corrupt$ into noo1 doo1 ,toosday1 /oopid1 c41 by way ( ref9em5t1 p]haps1 = lips :i* are too delicate to utt] ! cle>1 broad1 ,engli% u4 ,,xiii4 ,nev] say ,cut x 9 half1 = ?is y _c d unless y c\ld annihilate "o half4 ,y may cut x 9 two1 or cut x 9 halves1 or cut x ?r\gh1 or divide x1 b no human ability w enable y to cut x 9 half4 ,,xiv4 ,nev] speak ( lots & loads ( ?+s4 ,"y m5 all[ !mselves a diffusive lic5se ( spee*1 & ( quotation1 :i* has introduc$ _m words into colloquial /yle t d n at all t5d to improve or dignify ! language1 & :i*1 :5 he>d f ladies' lips1 become absolute vulg>isms4 ,a "y man may talk recklessly ( lots ( b>ga9s1 lots ( money1 lots ( fell[s1 lots ( fun1 c41 b a lady may n4 ,man may indulge 9 any latitude ( expression )9 ! b\nds ( s5se & decorum1 b woman has a n>r[] range1--ev5 h] mir? mu/ be subject$ to rule4 ,x may be naive1 b mu/ nev] be grotesque4 ,x is n t we w\ld h primness 9 ! sex1 b we w\ld h ref9em5t4 ,wom5 are ! pur] & ! m ornam5tal "p ( life1 & :5 !y deg5]ate1 ! ,poetry ( ,life is gone4 ,,xv4 ,loads is a ^w q z objectional z lots1 unless x c be r$uc$ to a load ( some?+1 su* z a %ip-load1 a wagon-load1 a c>t-load1 a horse-load1 c4 ,we (t5 he> su* expressions z loads ( %ops1 loads ( au?ors1 loads ( complim5ts2 b z %ops1 au?ors1 complim5ts1 are ?+s n usually pil$ up into loads1 ei!r = %ips or horses1 we _c discov] ! propriety ( ! application4 ,,xvi4 ,"s p1 guiltless ( ^? absurdities1 commit a great error 9 ! use ( ! ^w quantity1 apply+ x to ?+s ( numb]1 z a quantity ( fri5ds1 a quantity ( %ips1 a quantity ( h\ses1 c4 ,quantity c be appli$ only :]e bulk is indicat$1 z a quantity ( l&1 a quantity ( timb]2 b we _c say1 a quantity ( fields1 a quantity ( trees1 because trees & fields are specific individualities4 ,or we may apply x :]e individualities are tak5 9 ! gross1 )\t ref]5ce to modes1 z a quantity ( luggage1 a quantity ( furniture2 b we _c say a quantity ( boxes1 a quantity ( *airs & tables1 = ! same reason :i* is giv5 9 ! =m] in/ances4 ,we also apply ! t]m quantity to ^? ?+s ( numb] :i* are too m9ute to be tak5 sep>ately1 z a quantity ( beans1 a quantity ( oats1 c41 c4 ,,xvii4 ,avoid favorite words & phrases2 !y betray a pov]ty ( language or ( imag9ation n cr$itable to a cultivat$ intellect4 ,"s p are s un=tunate z to f9d all ?+s vulg> t come betwixt ! w9d & _! nobility2 o!rs f9d !m disgu/+4 ,"s are always anticipat+1 o!rs are always appreciat+4 ,multitudes are ari/ocratic 9 all _! relations1 o!r multitudes are z di/+ues4 ,^! two words are *iefly patroniz$ by ^? ^: pret5sions 9 su* respects are ! mo/ que/ionable4 ,to "s timid spirits1 born "u malignant influ5ces no d\bt1 mo/ ?+s pres5t an awful appe>ance1 ev5 ?\gh !y come 9 %apes s insignificant z a cold day or an a*+ f+]4 ,b1 ?anks to t happy div]sity ( ,nature :i* ?r[s light z well z %ad[ into ! human "*1 !re are m9ds ( bright] vision & m *e]ful temp]am5t1 :o behold all ?+s spl5did1 magnific5t1 d[n to a cup ( small be]1 or a half-p5ny orange4 ,"s p h a gr&iloqu5t =ce ( expression1 !reby imp>t+ a trem5d\s or ?und]+ "* ev5 to little ?+s4 ,?is is truly c>ry+ _! conceptions into ! sublime1--sometimes a /ep beyond4 ,we h1 h[ev]1 no int5tion ( p>ticul>iz+ all ! pet phrases :i* salute ! e>2 b ! enum]ation ( a few ( !m may make ! c&id culprit smile1 & avoid ^? trifl+ absurdities = ! future4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we w\ld1 "u favor1 sugge/ to ! read] ! advantage ( n rely+ too confid5tly on k acquir$ by habit & example alone4 ,!re are _m words 9 con/ant use :i* are p]v]t$ f _! orig9al mean+s2 & if we 7 to dip into "s /&>d diction>y occasionally1 se>* out ! true mean+s ( words ) :i* we h fanci$ ourselves acqua9t$1 & convict ourselves ( all ! errors we h be5 committ+ 9 foll[+ ! cr[d1 our surprise1 p]haps1 w\ld equal t ( ,moli]e's ,b\rgeois ,g5tilhomme :5 he discov]$ t he _h be5 talk+ prose = =ty ye>s4 ,! words feasible1 o/5sible1 obnoxi\s1 app>5t1 obta91 refra91 dome/icat$1 & c5tre1 are expressions :i*1 n9e times out ( t51 are misappli$1 besides a ho/ ( o!rs ^: propriety is nev] que/ion$1 s firmly has cu/om rivet$ ! bonds ( ignorance4 ,9 clos+ ?is little volume1 ! writ] begs leave to say t ! rem>ks (f]$ are int5d$ only z ,h9ts1 :i* !y :o desire p]fection may easily improve1 by a little ex]cise ( ! und]/&+1 & a ref]5ce to m ext5sive s\rces1 into a compet5t k ( _! own tongue2 also z w>n+s to ! c>eless1 t _! lapses d n pass s unobs]v$ z !y are 9 ! habit ( suppos+4 ,?\gh _m ( ! syntactical errors h]e9 m5tion$ are to be f\nd 9 ! works ( "s ( our be/ writ]s1 !y are errors nev]!less1 & /& z blemi%es ^u ! productions ( _! g5ius1 l unsightly excresc5ces ^u a lovely sk94 ,g5ius is above gramm>1 & ?is conviction may inspire 9 "s bosoms an undue contempt = ! latt]4 ,b gramm> is a con/itu5t "p ( good education1 & a neglect ( x might argue a want ( education1 :i* w\ld1 p]haps1 be mortify+4 ,x is an old axiom t civility co/s no?+1 & surely grammatical purity ne$ n co/ mu* to p dispos$ to pay a little att5tion to x1 & :o h receiv$ a respectable education already4 ,x adds a grace to eloqu5ce1 & raises ! /&>d ( language :]e eloqu5ce is n4 ,a h&some man or h&some woman is n improv$ by a %abby or slatt]nly attire2 s ! be/ abilities are %[n to a disadvantage ?r\gh a /yle m>k$ by illit]acies4 ,,"p ,,iv4 ,,mi/akes ,,& ,,improprieties ,,9 ,,speak+ ,,& ,,writ+ ,,correct$4 #a4 ,,h y le>n$ ,fr5* yet8 say le>nt1 z le>n$ is n[ us$ only z an adjective1--z1 a le>n$ man4 ,pron\nce le>n$ 9 two syllables4 #b4 ,! bus9ess w\ld suit any "o :o enjoys bad heal? f an adv]tisem5t 9 a ,london newspap]2 say1 any "o 9 a delicate /ate ( heal?1 or1 ^: heal? is b indiff]5t4 #c4 ,we h no corporeal puni%m5t "h1 said a s*oolma/] once to ! au?or ( ?is little "w4 ,corporeal is oppos$ to spiritual2 say1 corporal puni%m5t4 ,corporeal means hav+ a body4 ,! ,almighty is n a corporeal be+1 b a _s1 z ,/4 ,john tells u4 #d4 ,t 0 a notable circum/ance4 ,pron\nce ! fir/ syllable ( notable z no 9 notion4 ,mrs4 ,johnson is a notable h\sewife2 t is to say1 c>eful4 ,pron\nce ! fir/ syllable ( notable z n 9 ,nott+ham4 #e4 ,put an adv]tisem5t 9 ! ,times4 ,pron\nce adv]tisem5t ) ! acc5t on v]1 & n on tise4 #f4 ,he rose up & left ! room2 leave out up4 #g4 ,y h s[n x v badly2 say1 sew$ x4 #h4 ,mr4 ,dupont le>nt me ,fr5*2 say1 taught4 ,! ma/] tea*es1 b ! pupil le>ns4 #i4 ,john & ,h5ry bo? read well1 b ,john is ! be/ read]2 say1 ! bett] read]1 z be/ c only be said :5 ?ree or m p]sons or objects are comp>$4 #aj4 ,! two fir/ pupils ,i _h2 say1 ! fir/ two4 #aa4 ,he has mi/ook 8 true int]e/2 say1 mi/ak54 #ab4 ,h y lit ! fire1 ,m>y8 say1 light$4 #ac4 ,! doctor has n yet came2 say1 has n yet come4 #ad4 ,i h always gave him good advice2 say1 giv54 #ae4 ,to be is an auxili>y v]b4 ,pron\nce auxili>y 9 five syllables1 s\nd+ ! second i1 & n 9 f\r1 z we s frequ5tly he> x4 #af4 ,cel]y is a pleasant edible2 pron\nce cel]y z x is writt51 & n sal>y4 #ag4 ,are y at leisure8 pron\nce lei 9 leisure ! same z ,lei 9 ,lei?1 & n s z to rhyme ) measure4 #ah4 ,h y se5 ! ,miss ,br[ns lately8 say1 ! ,misses ,br[n4 #ai4 ,y h soon =got my k9dness2 say1 =gott54 #bj4 ,he keeps 8 coa*2 say1 8 c>riage4 #ba4 ,john is my olde/ bro!r2 say1 elde/4 ,eld] & elde/ are appli$ to p]sons1--old] & olde/ to ?+s4 #bb4 ,disputes h frequ5tly arose on t subject2 say1 aris54 #bc4 ,! clo? 0 wove 9 a v %ort "t2 say1 wov54 #bd4 ,fr5* is spoke 9 e /ate 9 ,europe2 say1 spok54 #be4 ,he writes z ! be/ au?ors w\ld h wrote1 _h !y writ on ! same subject2 say1 w\ld h writt51--_h !y writt54 #bf4 ,i pref] ! yolk ( an egg to ! :ite2 say1 yelk1 & s\nd ! l4 #bg4 ,he is n[ v decrepid2 say1 decrepit4 #bh4 ,i am v fond ( sp>r[grass2 say1 asp>agus1 & pron\nce x ) ! acc5t on p>4 #bi4 ,y are v mis*iev\s4 ,pron\nce mis*iev\s ) ! acc5t on mis1 & n on *ie1 & d n say mis*ievi\s4 #cj4 ,x 0 v acceptable4 ,pron\nce acceptable ) ! acc5t on cept1 & n on ac1 z we s (t5 he> x4 #ca4 ,no conv]sation be p]mitt$ 9 ! ,read+ ,room to ! int]ruption ( ! company pres5t4 ,nei!r ,smok+ or ,refre%m5ts all[$ f ! prospectus ( a ,lit]>y & ,sci5tific ,in/itution2 ins]t c aft] conv]sation1 & say1 nei!r smok+ nor refre%m5ts4 #cb4 ,no extras or vacationsf ! prospectus ( a s*oolmi/ress ne> ,london2 say1 nei!r extras nor vacations4 #cc4 ,he is v covet\s4 ,pron\nce covet\s z if x 7 writt5 covet u1 & n covetyus1 z is almo/ univ]sally ! case4 #cd4 ,i int5d to summons him2 say1 summon4 ,summons is a n\n1 & n a v]b4 #ce4 ,de>ly belov$ bre?r54 ,pron\nce belov$ 9 ?ree syllables1 & nev] 9 two1 z "s cl]gym5 d4 #cf4 ,he is n[ =sook by e "o2 say1 =sak54 #cg4 ,n z ,i "k2 say1 t ,i "k4 #ch4 ,he came = to d x2 leave out =4 #ci4 ,!y h j rose f ! table2 say1 ris54 #dj4 ,he is q z good z me2 say1 z good z ,i4 #da4 ,_m an "o has done ! same2 say1 _m a "o4 ,a1 & n an1 is us$ be=e ! long s\nd ( u1 t is to say1 :5 u =ms a di/9ct syllable ( itself1 z1 a unit1 union1 a univ]sity4 ,x is also us$ be=e eu1 z1 a euphony2 & likewise be=e ! ^w ewe1 z1 a ewe4 ,we %\ld also say1 a y\?1 n an y\?4 #db4 ,_m p ?9k s2 say1 _m p]sons1 z p means a nation4 #dc4 ,:5 our %ips sail among ! p ( ! ,ea/]n isl&s1 ^? p d n ask = gold1--'iron6 iron6' is ! call4 ,f a "w by a pe] ( lit]>y celebrity4 ,say1 among ! inhabitants2 &1 in/ead ( ^? p1 :i* is ungrammatical1 say1 ^? p]sons4 #dd4 ,0 y read+ j n[8 say1 7 y4 #de4 ,i h n _h no d9n] yet2 say1 ,i h _h no d9n] yet1 or1 ,i h n yet _h my d9n]1 or1 any d9n]4 #df4 ,%e w nev] be no tall]2 say1 %e w nev] be tall]1 or1 %e w nev] be any tall]4 #dg4 ,i see him la/ ,monday2 say1 saw him4 #dh4 ,he 0 av]se f su* a proce$+2 say1 av]se to4 #di4 ,he has wore 8 boots ?ree mon?s2 say1 worn4 #ej4 ,he has trod on my toes2 say1 trodd54 #ea4 ,h y %ook ! clo?8 say1 %ak54 #eb4 ,i h rang sev]al times2 say1 rung4 #ec4 ,i kn[$ him at once2 say1 knew4 #ed4 ,he has gr[$ v mu*2 say1 gr[n4 #ee4 ,george has fell d[n /airs2 say1 fall54 #ef4 ,he has *ose a v poor patt]n2 say1 *os54 #eg4 ,!y h broke a w9d[2 say1 brok54 #eh4 ,give me !m books2 say1 ^? books4 #ei4 ,my bro!r gave me !m !re pictures2 say1 gave me ^? pictures4 #fj4 ,^: are ^! "h books8 say1 ^! books4 #fa4 ,! m5 :i* we saw2 say1 :om4 #fb4 ,! books :at y h2 say1 :i*1 or t4 #fc4 ,! boy z is read+2 say1 :o is read+4 #fd4 ,! pond is froze2 say1 froz54 #fe4 ,he has took my slate2 say1 tak54 #ff4 ,he has (t5 /ole money f him2 say1 /ol54 #fg4 ,!y h drove v fa/2 say1 driv54 #fh4 ,i h rode _m miles to-day2 say1 ridd54 #fi4 ,y _c cat* him2 pron\nce cat* s z to rhyme ) mat*1 & n ket*4 #gj4 ,:o has got my slate8 leave out got4 #ga4 ,:at are y do+ (8 leave out (4 #gb4 ,if ,i 0 ri* ,i w\ld buy a c>riage2 say1 ,if ,i 74 #gc4 ,we h all )9 u an impetus to s92 pron\nce impetus ) ! acc5t on im1 & n on pe1 z is v (t5 ! case4 #gd4 ,he may g to ! antipodes = :at ,i c>e2 pron\nce antipodes ) ! acc5t on tip1 & let des rhyme ) ease4 ,x is a ^w ( f\r syllables1 & n ( ?ree1 z _m p]sons make x4 #ge4 ,v\*safe1 a ^w seldom us$1 b1 :5 us$1 ! fir/ syllable %\ld rhyme ) p\*4 ,nev] say1 v\safe4 #gf4 ,g+] is a good /oma*ic2 pron\nce /oma*ic ) ! acc5t on ma*1 s\nd+ ?is syllable mak1 & n mat1 z is (t5 ! case4 #gg4 ,! l& 9 ^? p>ts is v f]tile2 pron\nce f]tile s z to rhyme ) pill4 ,! ile 9 all words mu/ be s\nd$ ill1 ) ! exception ( exile1 s5ile1 g5tile1 reconcile1 & camomile1 9 :i* ile rhymes ) mile4 #gh4 ,x is surpris+ ! fatigue he und]goes2 say1 ,! fatigue he und]goes is surpris+4 #gi4 ,b5efit$2 (t5 spelt b5efitt$1 b incorrectly4 #hj4 ,ga!r up ! fragm5ts2 pron\nce ga!r s z to rhyme ) la!r1 & n ge!r4 #ha4 ,i propose go+ to t[n next week2 say1 purpose4 #hb4 ,if ,i am n mi/ak51 y are 9 ! wrong2 say1 ,if ,i mi/ake n4 #hc4 ,direct y\r lett]s to me at ,mr4 ,jones's2 say1 ,address y\r lett]s4 #hd4 ,wales is a v m\nta9i\s c\ntry2 say1 m\nta9\s1 & place ! acc5t on m\n4 #he4 ,( two evils *oose ! lea/2 say1 ! less4 #hf4 ,exag'g]ate2 pron\nce exad'g]ate1 & d n s\nd agg] z 9 ! ^w dagg]1 :i* is a v common mi/ake4 #hg4 ,he kn[s little or no?+ ( ,lat92 say1 little1 if any?+1 ( ,lat94 #hh4 ,he keeps a *aise2 pron\nce x %aise1 & n %ay4 ,x has a regul> plural1 *aises4 #hh4 ,! dr\ght la/$ a long "t2 pron\nce dr\ght s z to rhyme ) sn\t1 & n dr[?4 #ij4 ,! man 0 hung la/ week2 say1 hang$2 b say1 ,i am fond ( hung beef4 ,hang1 to take away life by hang+1 is a regul> v]b4 #ia4 ,we conv]s$ toge!r on ! subject2 leave out toge!r1 z x is impli$ 9 conv]s$1 con be+ equival5t to )1 t is to say1 ,we talk$ ) ea* o!r1 c4 #ib4 ,! affair 0 compromis$2 pron\nce compromis$ 9 ?ree syllables1 & place ! acc5t on com1 s\nd+ mis$ l priz$4 ,! ^w has no?+ to d ) promis$4 ,! n\n compromise is acc5t$ l compromis$1 b mise mu/ be pron\nc$ mice4 #ic4 ,a /eam-eng9e2 pron\nce eng9e ) en z 9 p51 & n l 91 & g9e l g94 #id4 ,numb]s 7 massacr$2 pron\nce massacr$ ) ! acc5t on mas1 & r$ l erd1 z if mas'sak]'d1 nev] mas'sacre$4 #ie4 ,! k+ ( ,israel & ! k+ ( ,judah sat ei!r ( !m on 8 ?rone2 say1 ea* ( !m4 ,ei!r signifies ! "o or ! o!r1 b n bo?4 ,ea* relates to two or m objects1 & signifies bo? ( ! two1 or e "o ( any numb] tak5 s+ly4 ,nev] say ei!r ( ! ?ree1 b ea* or any "o ( ! ?ree4 #if4 ,a respite 0 grant$ ! convict2 pron\nce respite ) ! acc5t on res1 & s\nd pite z pit4 #ig4 ,he soon return$ back2 leave out back1 :i* is impli$ by re 9 return$4 #ih4 ,! horizon is ! l9e t t]m9ates ! view2 pron\nce horizon ) ! acc5t on ri1 & n on ho4 #ii4 ,%e has sang rem>kably well2 say1 sung4 #ajj4 ,he _h sank be=e assi/ance arriv$2 say1 sunk4 #aja4 ,i h (t5 swam across ! ,tyne2 say1 swum4 #ajb4 ,i f\nd my fri5d bett] ?an ,i expect$ to h f\nd him2 say1 to f9d him4 #ajc4 ,i int5d$ to h writt5 a lett] ye/]day2 say1 to write1 z h[ev] long x n[ is s9ce ,i ?\ght ( writ+1 to write 0 !n pres5t to me1 & mu/ /ill be consid]$ z pres5t :5 ,i br+ back t "t & ! ?\ghts ( x4 #ajd4 ,8 dea? %all be long regrett$ f a notice ( a dea? 9 a newspap]2 say1 w be long1 c4 ,%all & w are (t5 conf\nd$2 ! foll[+ rule1 h[ev]1 may be ( use to ! read]4 ,m]e futurity is express$ by %all 9 ! fir/ p]son1 & by w 9 ! second & ?ird2 ! det]m9ation ( ! speak] by w 9 ! fir/1 & %all 9 ! second & ?ird2 z1 ,i ,,w g to-morr[1 ,i ,,%all g to-morr[4 ,n4 ,b4 ,! latt] s5t5ce simply expresses a future ev5t2 ! =m] expresses my det]m9ation4 #aje4 ,)\t ! grammatical =m ( a ^w c be recogniz$ at a glance1 little progress c be made 9 read+ ! language f a v popul> "w on ! /udy ( ! ,lat9 language2 say1 ,unless ! grammatical1 c4 ,! use ( )\t = unless is a v common mi/ake4 #ajf4 ,h y begun sub/raction yet8 say1 subtraction4 #ajg4 ,he claim$ admission to ! *iefe/ (fices2 say1 *ief4 ,*ief1 "r1 supreme1 correct1 true1 univ]sal1 p]fect1 consummate1 extreme1 c41 imply ! sup]lative degree )\t e/ or mo/4 ,9 language sublime or impassion$1 h[ev]1 ! ^w p]fect requires ! sup]lative =m to give x effect4 ,a lov]1 enraptur$ ) 8 mi/ress1 w\ld naturally call h] ! mo/ p]fect ( h] sex4 #ajh4 ,! %ip _h sprang a leak2 say1 sprung4 #aji4 ,i _h r d x n[2 say1 ,i w\ld r4 #aaj4 ,he 0 s]v$ ) a subpo5a2 pron\nce subpo5a ) ! acc5t on poe1 :i* y w s\nd l tea1 & s\nd ! b di/9ctly4 ,nev] pron\nce ! ^w soopee'na4 #aaa4 ,i h n travell$ ?is tw5ty ye>s2 say1 ^! tw5ty ye>s4 #aab4 ,he is v mu* ! g5tleman2 say1 ,he is a v g5tlemanly man1 or fell[4 #aac4 ,! yell[ "p ( an egg is v n\ri%+2 nev] pron\nce yell[ l tall[1 :i* we s (t5 he>4 #aad4 ,we are go+ to ! zoological g>d5s2 pron\nce zoological 9 five syllables1 & place ! acc5t on log 9 logical4 ,s\nd log l lodge1 & ! fir/ two o's 9 di/9ct syllables4 ,nev] make zool "o syllable4 #aae4 ,he always prea*es extempore2 pron\nce extempore 9 f\r syllables1 ) ! acc5t on tem1 & nev] 9 ?ree1 mak+ pore to rhyme ) sore4 #aaf4 ,naught & aught2 nev] spell ^! words n\ght & ought4 ,!re is no su* ^w z n\ght1 & ought is a v]b4 #aag4 ,all[ me to sugge/2 pron\nce sug s z to rhyme ) mug1 & ge/ l je/4 ,nev] sudje/4 #aah4 ,! ,emp]or ( ,russia is a =midable p]sonage2 pron\nce =midable ) ! acc5t on =1 & n on mid1 z is (t5 ! case4 #aai4 ,be=e ! words heir1 h]b1 hone/1 honor1 ho/l]1 h\r1 humble1 & humor1 & _! comp\nds1 in/ead ( ! article a1 we make use ( an1 z ! h is n s\nd$2 likewise be=e words beg9n+ ) h t are n acc5t$ on ! fir/ syllable1 su* z h]oic1 hi/orical1 hypo!sis1 c41 z1 an h]oic action1 an hi/orical "w1 an hypo!sis t c sc>cely be all[$4 ,n4 ,b4 ,! lett] h is seldom mute at ! beg9n+ ( a ^w2 b f ! neglig5ce ( tutors & ! inatt5tion ( pupils _m p]sons h become almo/ incapable ( acquir+ its j & full pronunciation4 ,x is1 !re=e1 incumb5t on tea*]s to be p>ticul>ly c>eful to inculcate a cle> & di/9ct utt]ance ( ?is s\nd4 #abj4 ,he 0 su* an extravagant "y man t he soon sp5t 8 :ole patrimony2 say1 s extravagant a "y man4 #aba4 ,i saw ! sl\gh ( a snake2 pron\nce sl\gh s z to rhyme ) r\gh4 #abb4 ,%e is q ! lady2 say1 ,%e is v lady-l 9 h] demeanor4 #abc4 ,he is seldom or ev] out ( t[n2 say1 seldom1 if ev]1 out ( t[n4 #abd4 ,dea? unloos$ 8 *a9s2 say1 loos$ 8 *a9s4 #abe4 ,x is dang]\s to walk ( a slipp]y morn+2 say1 on a slipp]y morn+4 #abf4 ,he :o makes himself fam\s by 8 eloqu5ce1 illu/rates 8 orig91 let x be nev] s mean2 say1 ev] s mean4 #abg4 ,8 fame is ackn[l$g$ ?r\gh ,europe2 say1 ?r\gh\t ,europe4 #abh4 ,! bank ( ! riv] is frequ5tly ov]fl[n2 say1 ov]fl[$4 #abi4 ,previ\s to my leav+ ,engl& ,i call$ on 8 lord%ip2 say1 previ\sly to my leav+1 c4 #acj4 ,i d\bt if ?is w ev] rea* y2 say1 :e!r ?is1 c4 #aca4 ,he 0 exce$+ k9d to me2 say1 exce$+ly k9d4 #acb4 ,i lo/ ne> tw5ty p\nds2 say1 ne>ly4 #acc4 ,bills are reque/$ to be paid qu>t]ly2 say1 ,x is reque/$ t bills be paid qu>t]ly4 #acd4 ,x 0 no use ask+ him any m que/ions2 say1 ( no use to ask him1 c4 #ace4 ,! ,am]icans said !y _h no "r to pay taxes2 say1 !y 7 "u no obligation to pay1 c4 #acf4 ,i ?r[$ my box away1 & nev] took no m snuff2 say1 ,i ?rew1 c41 & took snuff no m4 #acg4 ,%e 0 end[$ ) an exquisite ta/e = music2 say1 endu$ )1 c4 #ach4 ,i int5d to /op at home2 say1 to /ay4 #aci4 ,at ?is "t ,i grew my own corn2 say1 ,i rais$1 c4 #adj4 ,he 0 no soon] dep>t$ ?an !y expell$ 8 (fic]s2 say1 he _h no soon]1 c4 #ada4 ,he 0 n[ retir$ f public bus9ess2 say1 _h n[ retir$1 c4 #adb4 ,!y 7 emb>k$ 9 a common cause2 say1 _h emb>k$1 c4 #adc4 ,ho/ilities 7 n[ become habitual2 say1 _h n[ become4 #add4 ,brutus & ,aruns kill$ "o ano!r2 say1 ea* o!r4 #ade4 ,pray1 sir1 :o may y be8 say1 :o are y8 #adf4 ,_! "* z a w>like p is mu* deg5]at$2 say1 has mu*1 c4 #adg4 ,he is gone on an err&2 pron\nce err& z x is writt51 & n arrant4 #adh4 ,9 a popul> "w on ari?metic we f9d ! foll[+ sum1--,if = #gs4 #h;d41 ,i c buy #i lbs4 ( rais9s1 h[ mu* c ,i pur*ase = ,l#ef #afs48 say1 :at quantity c ,i1 c4 ,:o w\ld ?9k ( say+ h[ mu* rais9s8 #adi4 ,be v c>eful 9 di/+ui%+ betwe5 indite & indict2 key & quay2 pr9ciple & pr9cipal2 *eck & *eque2 m>%al & m>tial2 c\nsel & c\ncil2 c\nsellor & c\ncillor2 =t & =te2 draft & draught2 place & plaice2 /ake & /eak2 satire & satyr2 /ation]y & /ation>y2 ton & tun2 levy & levee2 fom5t & f]m5t2 fom5tation & f]m5tation2 petition & p>tition2 practice & practise2 ,francis & ,frances2 dose & doze2 div]se & div]s2 device & devise2 w>y & we>y2 sal>y & cel]y2 radi% & r$di%2 treble & triple2 broa* & broo*2 +5i\s & +5u\s2 prophesy & prophecy2 fondl+ & f\ndl+2 lightn+ & light5+2 g5us & g5ius2 des]t & dess]t2 curri] & c\ri]2 pill[ & pill>2 execut] & executor2 suit & suite2 ridicule & reticule2 l9eam5t & l9im5t2 track & tract2 lick]i% & licorice2 /atute & /atue2 ord9ance & ordnance2 lease & lea%2 rec\rse & res\rce2 /raight & /rait2 imm]ge & em]ge2 /yle & /ile2 complim5t & complem5t2 bass & base2 contagi\s & contigu\s2 em95t & imm95t2 eruption & irruption2 prec$5t & presid5t2 relic & relict4 #aej4 ,i pref] radi%es to cucumb]s2 pron\nce radi%es exactly z x is spelt1 & n r$i%es1 & ! u 9 ! fir/ syllable ( cucumb] z 9 fuel1 & n z if ! ^w 7 c[cumb]4 #aea4 ,nev] pron\nce b>b>\s & griev\s1 b>t>i\s & grievi\s4 #aeb4 ,! two la/ *apt]s are v int]e/+2 say1 ,! la/ two1 c4 #aec4 ,! soil on ^! isl&s is s v ?91 t little vegetation is produc$ ^u !m beside cocoanut trees2 say1 ) ! exception (1 c4 #aed4 ,he re/or$ x back to ! own]2 leave out back4 #aee4 ,"h1 !re1 :]e1 are g5]ally bett] ?an hi!r1 ?i!r1 :i!r1 ) v]bs ( motion2 z1 ,come "h1 ,g !re4 ,n4 ,b4 ,hi!r1 ?i!r1 & :i!r1 :i* 7 =m]ly us$1 are n[ consid]$ /iff & inelegant4 #aef4 ,z f> z ,i am able to judge1 ! book is well writt52 say1 ,s f> z1 c4 #aeg4 ,x is d\btful :e!r he w play fairly or no2 say1 fairly or n4 #aeh4 ,! ,pilgrim's ,progress2 pron\nce progress1 prog-ress1 n pro-gress4 #aei4 ,he is a boy ( a great _s2 pron\nce _s exactly z x is writt51 & nev] sp]it4 #afj4 ,! camelop>d is ! talle/ ( kn[n animals2 pron\nce camelop>d ) ! acc5t on ! second syllable4 ,nev] call x camel leop>d1 z is s (t5 he>d4 #afa4 ,he is v awkw>d2 nev] say1 awk>d4 #afb4 ,he ran aga9 me2 ,i /ood aga9 ! wall2 in/ead ( aga91 say aga9/4 ,d x aga9 ! "t ,i m5tion$2 say1 by ! "t1 c4 #afc4 ,i always act agreeable to my promise2 say1 agreeably4 #afd4 ,! /udy ( syntax %\ld be previ\sly to t ( punctuation2 say1 previ\s4 #afe4 ,no "o %\ld incur c5sure = be+ t5d] ( _! reputation2 say1 ( 8 reputation4 #aff4 ,!y 7 all dr[nd$2 say1 dr[n$4 #afg4 ,jalap is ( great s]vice2 pron\nce jalap exactly z x is writt51 ,,nev] jollop4 #afh4 ,he is gone on a t\r2 pron\nce t\r s z to rhyme ) poor1 nev] l t[]4 #afi4 ,! ra9 is ceas$2 say1 has ceas$4 #agj4 ,!y laid _! heads toge!r1 & =m$ _! plan2 say1 ,!y held a consultation1 c4 ,laid _! heads toge!r savors ( ,,slang4 #aga4 ,! *imley wants sweep+2 say1 *imney4 #agb4 ,i 0 walk+ t[>ds home2 pron\nce t[>ds s z to rhyme ) bo>ds4 ,nev] say to w>ds4 #agc4 ,x is a /up5du\s "w2 say1 /up5d\s4 #agd4 ,a c\ri] is expect$ f ,p>is2 pron\nce c\ 9 c\ri] s z to rhyme ) too4 ,nev] pron\nce c\ri] l curri]4 #age4 ,let ea* ( u m9d _! own bus9ess2 say1 8 own bus9ess4 #agf4 ,is ?is or t ! be/ road8 say1 ! bett] road4 #agg4 ,r9se y\r m\?2 pron\nce r9se z x is writt51 & ,,nev] r5se4 ,wr5* y\r m\?1 said a fa%ionable d5ti/ "o day to ! au?or ( ?is "w4 #agh4 ,! book is n z well pr9t$ z x ought to be2 say1 s well pr9t$1 c4 #agi4 ,web/]'s ,diction>y is an admirable "w2 pron\nce diction>y z if writt5 dik-%un-a-ry2 n1 z is too commonly ! practice1 dixon>y4 #ahj4 ,"s disa/] has c]ta9ly befell him2 say1 befall54 #aha4 ,%e is a pretty creature2 nev] pron\nce creature1 creet]1 z is (t5 he>d4 #ahb4 ,we w5t to see ! ,monum5t2 pron\nce monum5t exactly z x is writt51 & n z _m pron\nce x1 monim5t4 #ahc4 ,i am v wet1 & mu/ g & *ange myself2 say1 *ange my clo!s4 #ahd4 ,he has _h a good education2 nev] say1 edication1 :i* is (t5 he>d1 nor edicate = educate4 #ahe4 ,he is mu* bett] ?an me2 say1 ?an ,i4 #ahf4 ,y are /rong] ?an him2 say1 ?an he4 #ahg4 ,i _h z lief /&2 say1 ,i w\ld z soon /&4 #ahh4 ,he is n a :it bett]2 say1 9 no degree bett]4 #ahi4 ,!y are at logg]heads2 say1 at v>iance4 #aij4 ,8 "* is und5iable1--a v common expression2 say1 unexceptionable4 #aia4 ,br+ me ! lant]n2 nev] spell lant]n1 lan?orn4 #aib4 ,! room is twelve foot long1 & n9e foot broad2 say1 twelve feet1 n9e feet4 #aic4 ,he is s+ul>1 ?\gh regul> 9 8 habits1 & also v p>ticul>2 bew>e ( leav+ out ! u 9 s+ul>1 regul>1 & p>ticul>1 :i* is a v common practice4 #aid4 ,!y are deta9$ at ,france2 say1 9 ,france4 #aie4 ,he lives at ,london2 say1 9 ,london1 & bew>e ( pron\nc+ ,london1 z _m c>eless p]sons d1 ,lunnun4 ,at %\ld be appli$ to small t[ns4 #aif4 ,no less ?an fifty p]sons 7 !re2 say1 ,no few]1 c4 #aig4 ,su* ano!r mi/ake1 & we %all be ru9$2 say1 ,ano!r su* mi/ake1 c4 #aih4 ,x is "s di/ance f our h\se2 say1 at "s di/ance1 c4 #aii4 ,i %all call ^u him2 say1 on him4 #bjj4 ,he is a ,doctor ( ,m$ic9e2 pron\nce m$ic9e 9 ?ree syllables1 ,,nev] 9 two4 #bja4 ,!y told me to ent] 92 leave out 91 z x is impli$ 9 ent]4 #bjb4 ,8 /r5g? is amaz+2 nev] say1 /r5?4 #bjc4 ,mi/ak5 s\ls1 :o dream ( heav51--?is is ! beg9n+ ( a popul> hymn2 x %\ld be1 ,mi/ak+ s\ls1 c4 ,mi/ak5 wret*1 = mi/ak+ wret*1 is an apo/rophe t occurs ev]y:]e among our poets1 p>ticul>ly ^? ( ! /age2 ! mo/ incorrigible ( all1 & ! mo/ likely to fix & dissem9ate an error ( ?is k9d4 #bjd4 ,give me bo? ( ^? books2 leave out (4 #bje4 ,:5ev] ,i try to write well1 ,i always f9d ,i c d x2 leave out always1 :i* is unnecess>y4 #bjf4 ,he plung$ d[n into ! /ream2 leave out d[n4 #bjg4 ,%e is ! matron2 say may-tron1 & n mat-ron4 #bjh4 ,give me leave to tell y2 ,,nev] say leaf = leave4 #bji4 ,! height is consid]able2 pron\nce height s z to rhyme ) tight4 ,nev] hate nor heigh?4 #baj4 ,:o has my scissors8 nev] call scissors1 si!rs4 #baa4 ,fir/ ( all ,i %all give y a lesson 9 ,fr5*1 & la/ ( all 9 music2 leave out ( all 9 bo? in/ances1 z unnecess>y4 #bab4 ,i %all h f9i%$ by ! latt] end ( ! week2 leave out latt]1 :i* is unnecess>y4 #bac4 ,!y s\ght him ?r\gh\t ! :ole c\ntry2 leave out :ole1 :i* is impli$ 9 ?r\gh\t4 #bad4 ,iron s9ks d[n 9 wat]2 leave out d[n4 #bae4 ,i own t ,i did n come soon en\gh2 b because :y8 ,i 0 deta9$2 leave out because4 #baf4 ,h y se5 ! new pantomime8 nev] say pantom9e1 z !re is no su* ^w4 #bag4 ,i _c by no means all[ x2 say1 ,i c by no means1 c41 or1 ,i _c by any means1 c4 #bah4 ,he cov]$ x ov]2 leave out ov]4 #bai4 ,i b\ght a new pair ( %oes2 say1 a pair ( new %oes4 #bbj4 ,he comb9$ toge!r ^! facts2 leave out toge!r4 #bba4 ,my bro!r call$ on me1 & we bo? took a walk2 leave out bo?1 :i* is unnecess>y4 #bbb4 ,! duke dis*>g$ 8 duty2 s\nd ! u 9 duke & duty l ! ^w y1 & c>efully avoid say+1 dook & dooty1 or doo = dew4 #bbc4 ,g5ealogy1 geography1 & geometry are words ( ,greek d]ivation2 bew>e ( say+1 g5eology1 jography1 & jometry1 a v common practice4 #bbd4 ,he made out ! inv5tory2 place ! acc5t 9 inv5tory on ! syllable 91 & ,,nev] on v54 #bbe4 ,he des]ves *a/isem5t2 say1 *as-tiz-m5t1 ) ! acc5t on *as1 & ,,nev] on tise4 #bbf4 ,he ?rew ! r9d away2 nev] call r9d1 r9e4 #bbg4 ,!y contribut$ to 8 ma9t5ance2 pron\nce ma9t5ance ) ! acc5t on ma91 & nev] say1 ma9ta9ance4 #bbh4 ,%e we>s a silk g[n2 nev] say1 g[nd4 #bbi4 ,sussex is a m>itime c\nty2 pron\nce ! la/ syllable ( m>itime s z to rhyme ) rim4 #bcj4 ,he hov]$ ab\t ! enemy2 pron\nce hov]$ s z to rhyme ) cov]$4 #bca4 ,he is a p[]ful ally2 nev] place ! acc5t on al 9 ally1 z _m d4 #bcb4 ,%e b\ght a diamond necklace2 pron\nce diamond 9 ?ree syllables1 ,,nev] 9 two1 :i* is a v common practice4 #bcc4 ,he reads ! ,weekly ,despat*2 ,,nev] spell ! ^w despat*1 dispat*4 #bcd4 ,he said z h[ y 0 to d x2 say1 he said t y 7 to d x4 #bce4 ,nev] say1 ,i acquiesce ) y2 b1 ,i acquiesce 9 y\r proposal1 9 y\r op9ion1 c4 #bcf4 ,he is a di/+ui%$ antiqu>ian2 say1 antiqu>y4 ,antiqu>ian is an adjective2 antiqu>y1 a n\n4 #bcg4 ,9 ,goldsmi?'s ,hi/ory ( ,engl& we f9d ! foll[+ extraord9>y s5t5ce 9 "o ( ! *apt]s on ! reign ( ,que5 ,elizabe?3--,?is a communication to ,m>y1 ,que5 ( ,scots !y effect$ by convey+ _! lett]s to h] by means ( a brew] t suppli$ ! family ) ale ?r\gh a *9k 9 ! wall ( h] ap>tm5t4 ,a que] brew] t1--to supply 8 ale ?r\gh a *9k 9 ! wall6 ,h[ easy ! alt]ation to make ! passage cle>6 ,?is !y effect$ by convey+ _! lett]s to h] ?r\gh a *9k 9 ! wall ( h] ap>tm5t1 by means ( a brew] t suppli$ ! family ) ale4 #bch4 ,lavat] wrote on ,physiognomy2 9 ! la/ ^w s\nd ! g di/9ctly1 z g is always pron\nc$ be=e n :5 x is n 9 ! same syllable2 z1 indignity1 c4 #bci4 ,%e is a v clev] girl2 pron\nce girl z if writt5 g]l2 nev] say gal1 :i* is v vulg>4 #bdj4 ,he built a l>ge gran>y2 pron\nce gran>y s z to rhyme ) tann]y1 nev] call ! ^w gra9>y4 #bda4 ,bew>e ( us+ ,oh6 & ,o indiscrim9ately2 ,oh6 is us$ to express ! emotion ( pa91 sorr[1 or surprise2 z1 ,oh6 ! exce$+ grace ( ,god1 :o loves 8 creatures s4 ,o is us$ to express wi%+1 exclamation1 or a direct address to a p]son2 z1 ,o "m1 w ! ,god above1 ,=give my faults l !e8 #bdb4 ,"s writ]s make a di/9ction betwe5 f>!r & fur!r2 !y are1 9 fact1 ! v same ^w4 ,fur!r1 h[ev]1 is less us$ ?an f>!r1 ?\gh x is ! g5u9e =m4 #bdc4 ,he did x unbekn[n to u2 say1 unkn[n1 c4 #bdd4 ,if ,i say ,!y retreat$ back1 ,i use a ^w t is sup]flu\s1 z back is impli$ 9 ! syllable re 9 retreat$4 ,nev] place ! acc5t on flu 9 sup]flu\s1 b always on p]4 #bde4 ,9 read+ ,paley's ,evid5ces ( ,*ri/ianity1 ,i unexpect$ly lit on ! passage ,i want$2 say1 met ) ! passage1 c4 #bdf4 ,he has ord]$ a phaeton f 8 coa*-mak]2 bew>e ( say+1 pheton or phaton4 ,! ^w %\ld always be pron\nc$ 9 ?ree syllables1 ) ! acc5t on pha4 ,n4 ,b4 ,9 pha-e-ton ! a & e d n =m a diph?ong1 z _m suppose2 ! ^w is ( ,greek orig94 #bdg4 ,be c>eful to use ! hyph5 7-7 correctly2 x jo9s comp\nd words1 & words brok5 by ! end+ ( ! l9e4 ,! use ( ! hyph5 w appe> m cle>ly f ! foll[+ example3 _m color$ w+s means _m w+s1 :i* are color$2 b _m-color$ w+s means w+s ( _m colors4 #bdh4 ,he _h to wait 9 an ante*amb]2 c>efully avoid spell+ ! la/ ^w anti*amb]4 ,n4 ,b4 ,an ante*amb] is ! *amb] t leads to ! *ief ap>tm5t4 ,ante is a ,,lat9 ,,preposition1 & means be=e1 z1 to antedate1 t is1 to date be=eh&4 ,anti is a ,,greek ,,preposition1 & means aga9/1 z1 antimon>*ical1 t is1 aga9/ gov]nm5t by a s+le p]son4 #bdi4 ,! axe 0 v %>p2 nev] spell axe )\t ! e4 #bej4 ,! =ce ( voice1 :i* is plac$ on any p>ticul> ^w or words to di/+ui% ! s5se1 is call$ emphasis & ^? words are call$ emphatical words3 z1 ,gramm> is a useful sci5ce4 ,9 ?is s5t5ce ! ^w useful is emphatical4 ,! great importance ( emphasis may be se5 by ! foll[+ example3 #a4 ,w y call on me to-morr[8 ,yes1 ,i %all call4 #b4 ,w y call on me to-morr[8 ,no1 b ,i %all call on y\r bro!r4 #c4 ,w y call on me to-morr[8 ,no1 b ,i %all on ! foll[+ day4 #d4 ,w y call on me to-morr[8 ,no1 b my bro!r w4 #bea4 ,nev] say o-f5ces = (f5ces2 pison = poison2 co-lection = collection2 voiol5t = viol5t2 kiv] = cov]2 afe>d = afraid2 debbuty = deputy4 #beb4 ,he is a m]e ciph]2 nev] spell ciph] ) a y4 #bec4 ,i 0 necessitat$ to d x2 a vile expression1 & (t5 made worse by necessiat$ be+ us$4 ,say1 ,i 0 oblig$1 or compell$1 to d x4 #bed4 ,gibbon wrote ! ,rise & ,fall ( ! ,roman ,empire2 pron\nce rise1 ! n\n1 s z to rhyme ) price2 rise1 ! v]b1 rhymes ) prize4 #bee4 ,h y be5 to ! ,national ,gall]y8 ,nev] pron\nce national z if x 7 writt5 nay-%un-al1 a v common error1 & by no means conf9$ to un$ucat$ p]sons4 #bef4 ,i b\ght a new umbrella2 bew>e ( pron\nc+ umbrella1 umb]ella1 or umb]ell]1 bo? v common errors4 #beg4 ,he is a support] ( ! gov]nm5t2 bew>e ( omitt+ ! n 9 ! second syllable ( gov]nm5t4 ,a v common practice4 #beh4 ,he /r5u\sly ma9ta9$ ! contr>y2 nev] place ! acc5t on ! second syllable 9 contr>y4 ,9 ! anci5t & "t-honor$ ditty1 h[ev]1 ( ,mi/ress ,m>y1 ,q contr>y1 ,h[ does y\r g>d5 gr[8 a ballad ) :i* we are all m or less famili>1 ! ^w contr>y is acc5t$ on ! second syllable1 s z to rhyme ) ! "n ( ! v5]able dame to :om ^! memorable l9es 7 address$4 #bei4 ,receiv$ ?is day ( ,mr4 ,br[n1 t5 p\nds2 say1 ,receiv$ ?is day f1 c4 #bfj4 ,9 :at case is ! ^w dom9us8 ,9 ! nom9ative1 sir4 ,9 ! hurry ( s*ool pronunciation nom9ative is ne>ly always he>d 9 ?ree syllables1 z if writt5 nomnative or nomative1 an error t %\ld be v c>efully avoid$2 x is a ^w ( f\r syllables4 #bfa4 ,( :atev] y get1 endeavor to save some?+2 &1 ) all y\r gett+1 get wisdom4 ,c>efully avoid say+ git = get1 & gitt+ = gett+4 #bfb4 ,s int5t 0 he on ! song he 0 s++1 z he /ood by ! fire1 t he did n p]ceive t 8 clo!s 7 s+e+4 ,n4 ,b4 ,v]bs end+ ) a s+le e omit ! e :5 ! t]m9ation + is add$2 z1 give1 giv+4 ,9 s+e+1 h[ev]1 ! e mu/ be reta9$1 to prev5t its be+ conf\nd$ ) s++4 #bfc4 ,! boy _h a sw+e+ = sw++ )\t p]mission4 ,read ! prec$+ note4 #bfd4 ,! man :o 0 dye+ said t 8 fa!r 0 !n dy+4 ,read ! note 9 ,no4 #bfb1 9 ref]5ce to dye+2 & obs]ve t die *anges ! i into y be=e ! addition ( ! t]m9ation +4 #bfe4 ,8 surname is ,clif=d2 nev] spell ! sur 9 surname1 sir1 :i* %[s an ignorance ( is true d]ivation1 :i* is f ! ,lat94 #bff4 ,9 ,bell's ,life 9 ,london1 ( ,saturday1 ,jan4 #ac?1 ( ! curr5t ye> #ahee1 !re is a lett] f a ,scot*man to ! editor on ! subject ( ! decl9+ salmon fi%]ies 9 ,scotl&4 ,9 "o passage ! writ] ?us expresses himself3 ,! ,duke ( ,su!rl& has got almo/ no r5t = ^! salmon riv]s = ! la/ f\r ye>s1 c4 ,! writ] %\ld h said1 sc>cely any r5t4 ,almo/ no r5t is a d[nright ,scotticism4 #bfg4 ,8 mamma s5t him to a prep>atory s*ool2 mamma is (t5 writt5 ) "o m only1 :i* is n1 z may at fir/ be suppos$1 9 imitation ( ! ,fr5* maman1 b 9 %e] ignorance4 ,! ^w is pure ,greek4 #bfh4 ,active v]bs (t5 take a neut] s5se2 z1 ,! h\se is build+4 ,"h is build+ is us$ 9 a neut] signification1 because x has no object aft] x4 ,by ?is rule are expla9$ su* s5t5ces z1 ,application is want+1 ,! gramm> is pr9t+1 c4 #bfi4 ,he attackt$ me )\t ! slighte/ provocation2 say1 attack$4 #bgj4 ,i saw him some:]es 9 ! city2 say1 some:]e4 ,n4 ,b4 ,n[h]es1 ev]y:]es1 & any:]es are also v frequ5tly he>d4 #bga4 ,he is /ill a ba*eldor2 say1 ba*elor4 #bgb4 ,8 language 0 q blasphem\s2 bew>e ( plac+ ! acc5t on phe 9 blasphem\s4 ,a v common mi/ake4 ,place ! acc5t on ! syllable blas4 #bgc4 ,i fe> ,i %all discommode y2 say1 incommode4 #bgd4 ,i c d x equally z well z he2 leave out equally1 :i* is altoge!r sup]flu\s4 #bge4 ,we c\ld n =be> f do+ x2 leave out f1 :i* is unnecess>y4 #bgf4 ,!y accus$ him = neglect+ 8 duty2 say1 ( neglect+1 c4 #bgg4 ,he 0 made mu* on at ,ba?2 say1 made mu* (1 c4 #bgh4 ,he is a man on :om y c confide2 say1 9 :om1 c4 #bgi4 ,i'm ?9k+ he w soon arrive2 say1 ,i ?9k1 c4 #bhj4 ,he 0 oblig$ to fly ! c\ntry2 say1 flee ! c\ntry4 ,a v common mi/ake4 #bha4 ,! snuff]s wants m5d+2 say1 want m5d+4 #bhb4 ,8 conduct admits ( no apology2 leave out (1 :i* is q unnecess>y4 #bhc4 ,a g5t has be5 "h1 inquir+ = y1--a dete/able1 b v common1 expression2 say1 a g5tleman1 c4 #bhd4 ,t 0 all along ( y2 say1 ,t 0 all y\r fault4 #bhe4 ,y h no call to be vex$ ) me2 say1 no occasion1 c4 #bhf4 ,i don't "k no?+ ab\t x1--a v common cockneyism2 leave out don't4 #bhg4 ,i _h r n1 %\ld be1 ,i w\ld r n4 #bhh4 ,i _h bett] g1 %\ld be1 ,x 7 bett] t ,i %\ld g4 #bhi4 ,a new pair ( gloves1 %\ld be1 ,a pair ( new gloves4 #bij4 ,he is a v ris+ man1 %\ld be1 ,he is ris+ rapidly4 #bia4 ,ap>tm5ts to let1 %\ld be1 ,ap>tm5ts to be let4 #bib4 ,no less ?an t5 p]sons1 %\ld be1 ,no few] ?an t5 p]sons4 ,less mu/ be appli$ to quantity1 z1 ,no less ?an t5 p\nds4 ,few] mu/ be appli$ to ?+s4 #bic4 ,i nev] speak1 :5ev] ,i c help x1 %\ld be1 ,i nev] speak :5 ,i c help x4 #bid4 ,be=e ,i d t1 ,i mu/ fir/ be paid1 %\ld be1 ,be=e ,i d t1 ,i mu/ be paid4 #bie4 ,to get ov] an illness1 %\ld be1 ,to survive1 or1 ,to recov] f an illness4 #bif4 ,to get ov] a p]son1 %\ld be1 ,to p]suade a p]son4 #big4 ,to get ov] a fact1 %\ld be1 ,to d5y or refute x4 #bih4 ,! !n ,duke ( ,b$=d1 %\ld be1 ,! ,duke ( ,b$=d ( t day1 or1 ,! six? ,duke ( ,b$=d4 #bii4 ,! !n ,mrs4 ,h[>d1 %\ld be1 ,! ,mrs4 ,h[>d !n liv+4 #cjj4 ,a c\ple ( p\nds1 %\ld be1 ,two p\nds4 ,c\ple implies union1 z1 ,a m>ri$ c\ple4 #cja4 ,he speaks sl[1 %\ld be1 ,he speaks sl[ly4 #cjb4 ,he is n[ays 9 fault1 %\ld be1 ,he is n[ise 9 fault4 #cjc4 ,he is l to be1 %\ld be1 ,he is likely to be4 #cjd4 ,all ov] ! l&1 %\ld be1 ,ov] all ! l&4 #cje4 ,i am /\t 9 comp>ison to y1 %\ld be1 ,i am /\t 9 comp>ison ) y4 #cjf4 ,at be/1 %\ld be1 ,at ! be/4 #cjg4 ,at wor/1 %\ld be1 ,at ! wor/4 #cjh4 ,! d9n] 0 all eat up1 %\ld be1 ,! d9n] 0 all eat54 #cji4 ,i eat he>tily1 %\ld be1 ,i ate he>tily4 #caj4 ,z ,i take x1 %\ld be1 ,z ,i see x1 or und]/& x4 #caa4 ,i %all fall d[n1 %\ld be1 ,i %all fall4 #cab4 ,x fell on ! floor1 %\ld be1 ,x fell to ! floor4 #cac4 ,he aga9 repeat$ x1 %\ld be1 ,he repeat$ x4 #cad4 ,8 conduct 0 approv$ ( by all1 %\ld be1 ,8 conduct 0 approv$ by all4 #cae4 ,he 0 kill$ by a cannon ball1 %\ld be1 ,he 0 kill$ ) a cannon ball4 ,! gun 0 fir$ by a man4 #caf4 ,six weeks back1 %\ld be1 ,six weeks ago1 or s9ce4 #cag4 ,e n[ & !n1 %\ld be1 ,(t51 or ,frequ5tly4 #cah4 ,:o f9ds him 9 money8 %\ld be1 ,:o f9ds him money8 #cai4 ,! fir/ ( all1 %\ld be1 ,! fir/4 #cbj4 ,! la/ ( all1 %\ld be1 ,! la/4 #cba4 ,be t z x w1 %\ld be1 ,be t z x may4 #cbb4 ,my e hope1 %\ld be1 ,all my hopes4 #cbc4 ,s9ce :51 %\ld be1 ,s9ce :i* "t4 #cbd4 ,he put x 9 8 pocket1 %\ld be1 ,he put x into 8 pocket4 #cbe4 ,s9ce !n1 %\ld be1 ,s9ce t "t4 #cbf4 ,! latt] end1 %\ld be1 ,! end4 #cbg4 ,i saw x 9 "h1 %\ld be1 ,i saw x "h4 #cbh4 ,t ay'nt j1 %\ld be1 ,t is n j4 #cbi4 ,! h5 is sett+1 %\ld be1 ,! h5 is sitt+4 #ccj4 ,! w9d sets1 %\ld be1 ,! w9d sits4 #cca4 ,to lift up1 %\ld be1 ,to lift4 #ccb4 ,i said s ov] aga91 %\ld be1 ,i repeat$ x4 #ccc4 ,f "h to !re1 %\ld be1 ,f ?is place to t4 #ccd4 ,nobody else b him1 %\ld be1 ,nobody b him4 #cce4 ,! balloon asc5d$ up1 %\ld be1 ,! balloon asc5d$4 #ccf4 ,?is two days1 %\ld be1 ,^! two days4 #ccg4 ,d y mean to come8 %\ld be1 ,d y int5d to come8 #cch4 ,ea* ( !m are1 %\ld be1 ,ea* ( !m is4 ,ea* means "o & ! o!r ( two4 #cci4 ,ei!r ( ! ?ree1 %\ld be1 ,any "o ( ! ?ree4 ,ei!r means "o or ! o!r ( two4 #cdj4 ,nei!r "o or ! o!r1 %\ld be1 ,nei!r "o nor ! o!r4 ,nei!r 7n ei!r7 means n ! "o nor ! o!r ( two4 #cda4 ,bett] nor t1 %\ld be1 ,bett] ?an t4 #cdb4 ,bad gramm>1 %\ld be1 ,bad or ungrammatical ,engli%4 #cdc4 ,z soon z ev]1 %\ld be1 ,z soon z4 #cdd4 ,y w "s day be sorry1 %\ld be1 ,y w "o day be sorry4 #cde4 ,f n[1 %\ld be1 ,f ?is "t4 #cdf4 ,!re=e1 ,i ?\ght x prop] to write y1 %\ld be1 ,!re=e1 ,i ?9k x prop] to write to y4 #cdg4 ,!re's ?irty1 %\ld be1 ,!re are ?irty4 #cdh4 ,subject matt]1 %\ld be1 ,! subject4 #cdi4 ,a summ]'s morn+1 %\ld be1 ,a summ] morn+4 #cej4 ,my clo!s h got too small1 or too %ort1 = me1 %\ld be1 ,i h become too /\t or too tall = my clo!s4 #cea4 ,a mo/ p]fect poem1 %\ld be1 ,a p]fect poem4 ,p]fect1 supreme1 complete1 brief1 full1 empty1 true1 false1 d n admit ( comp>ison4 #ceb4 ,avoid us+ unmean+ or vulg> phrases 9 speak+1 z1 ,y don't say s8 ,don't y "k8 ,don't y see8 ,y "k2 ,y see2 ,s1 y see1 c4 #cec4 ,is ,mr4 ,smi? 98 %\ld be1 ,is ,mr4 ,smi? )98 #ced4 ,! o!r "o1 %\ld be1 ,! o!r4 #cee4 ,ano!r "o1 %\ld be1 ,ano!r4 #cef4 ,i left ?is morn+4 ,"n ! place left4 #ceg4 ,ov] head & e>s1 %\ld be1 ,ov] head4 #ceh4 ,i may p]haps1 or probably1 %\ld be1 ,i may4 #cei4 ,:e!r he w or no1 %\ld be1 ,:e!r he w or n4 #cfj4 ,says ,i1 %\ld be1 ,said ,i1 or1 ,i said4 #cfa4 ,he spoke contemptibly ( him1 %\ld be1 ,he spoke contemptu\sly ( him4 #cfb4 ,0 y8 %\ld be1 ,7 y8 #cfc4 ,i am (t5] well ?an ill1 %\ld be1 ,i am m frequ5tly well ?an ill4 #cfd4 ,= good & all1 %\ld be1 ,= ev]4 #cfe4 ,x is above a mon? s9ce1 %\ld be1 ,x is m !n a mon? s9ce4 #cff4 ,he is a sup]ior man1 %\ld be1 ,he is sup]ior to mo/ m54 #cfg4 ,he ne$ n d x1 %\ld be1 ,he ne$s n d x4 #cfh4 ,g ov] ! bridge1 %\ld be1 ,g across ! bridge4 #cfi4 ,i 0 "s di/ance f home1 %\ld be1 ,i 0 at "s di/ance f home4 #cgj4 ,he belongs to ! ,me*anics' ,in/itution1 %\ld be1 ,he is a memb] ( ! ,me*anics' ,in/itution4 #cga4 ,= su* ano!r book1 %\ld be1 ,= ano!r su* book4 #cgb4 ,!y mutually lov$ ea* o!r1 %\ld be1 ,!y lov$ ea* o!r4 #cgc4 ,i ay'nt1 %\ld be1 ,i am n4 #cgd4 ,i am up to y1 %\ld be1 ,i und]/& y4 #cge4 ,bread has rose1 %\ld be1 ,bread has ris54 #cgf4 ,he 0 9 em95t dang]1 %\ld be1 ,he 0 9 imm95t dang]4 #cgg4 ,take hold on1 %\ld be1 ,take hold (4 #cgh4 ,vegetables 7 pl5ty1 %\ld be1 ,vegetables 7 pl5tiful4 #cgi4 ,avoid all slang & vulg> words & phrases1 z1 ,any h[1 ,bat+1 ,bran new1 ,to bl[ up1 ,bo!r1 ,cut1 ,curry+ favor1 ,=k out1 ,half an eye1 ,i am up to y1 ,kick up1 ,lea/wise1 ,n[h]es1 ,pell-mell1 ,scrape1 ,! ,scrat*1 ,rum1 ,topsy-turvey1 ,walk into1 ,:atsomev]4 ,be ?\ famili>1 b by no means vulg>4--,,%akespe>e4 ,,catalogue ,,( ,books = ,s*ools & ,colleges1 ,,publi%$ ,,by ,,james ,,munroe ,,co4 ,no4 #acd ,wa%+ton ,/reet1 ,bo/on1 ,,& ,lyceum ,build+1 ,h>v>d ,squ>e1 ,cambridge4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,fir/ ,,lessons ,,9 ,,gramm>4 ,,little ,,edw>d',s ,,fir/ ,,lessons ,,9 ,,gramm>4 ,by ,mrs4 ,l[ell4 #ahmo4 #ag c5ts4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,engli% ,,gramm>4 ,,engli% ,,gramm>1 on ! basis ( ,l9dley ,murray4 ,by ,john ,goldsbury4 #abmo4 #bj c5ts4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,sequel ,,to ,,engli% ,,gramm>4 ,,sequel ,,to ,,engli% ,,gramm>1 be+ ! second "p4 ,by ,john ,goldsbury4 #abmo4 #bj c5ts4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,devotional ,,ex]cises4 ,,devotional ,,ex]cises ,,= ,,s*ools ,,& ,,families1 ) a ,selection ( ,hymns4 #afmo4 #cg c5ts4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,moral ,,philosophy4 ,a ,,sy/em ,,( ,,moral ,,philosophy4 ,adapt$ to ,*ildr5 & ,families1 & especially to ,common ,s*ools4 ,by ,rev4 ,d4 ,/eele & a ,fri5d4 #ahmo4 pp4 #hj4 #ae cts4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,,gov]nm5t4 ,,mason ,,on ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,,gov]nm5t4 ,?is "w is highly recomm5d$ by ! late ,judge ,/ory4 #abmo4 #hd c5ts4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,russell',s ,,elocution>y ,,read]4 ,,! ,,elocution>y ,,read]2 conta9+ a ,selection ( ,read+ ,lessons4 ,by ,anna ,u4 ,russell4 ,) ,introductory ,rules & ,ex]cises 9 ,elocution4 ,by ,w4 ,russell1 ,au?or ( ! ,univ]sity ,speak]4 #abmo4 pp4 #dhj4 #hc c5ts4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,russell',s ,,introduction ,,to ,,! ,,read]4 ,,introduction ,,to ,,! ,,elocution>y ,,read]3 conta9+ a ,selection ( ,read+ ,lessons2 toge!r ) ! ,rudim5ts ( ,elocution4 ,by ,william & ,anna ,u4 ,russell4 ,new ,edition4 #abmo4 pp4 #beb4 #fc c5ts4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,russell',s ,,univ]sity ,,speak]4 ,,! ,,univ]sity ,,speak]3 a ,collection ( ,pieces design$ = ,college ,ex]cises 9 ,declamation & ,recitation1 ) ,sugge/ions on ! ,appropriate ,elocution ( ,p>ticul> ,passages4 ,by ,william ,russell1 ,au?or ( ! ,elocution>y ,read]1 c4 #abmo4 ,new ,edition4 pp4 #ebh4 #a4be4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,pictorial ,,natural ,,hi/ory4 ,a ,,pictorial ,,hi/ory3 embrac+ a ,view ( ! ,m9]al1 ,vegetable1 & ,animal ,k+doms4 ,= ! ,use ( ,s*ools4 ,by ,s4 ,g4 ,goodri*4 ,au?or ( ,pet] ,p>ley's ,tales4 ,new ,edition4 #abmo4 ,f\r ,hundr$ ,cuts4 #a4jj4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,j\ffroy',s ,,introduction ,,to ,,e?ics4 ,,introduction ,,to ,,e?ics1 includ+ a ,critical ,survey ( ,moral ,sy/ems4 ,translat$ f ! ,fr5* ( ,j\ffroy4 ,by ,william ,h4 ,*ann+4 ,two vols4 #abmo4 pp4 #cfb ea*4 ,six? ,edition4 #b4jj4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,/ew>t',s ,,philosophy4 ,,/ew>t',s ,,philosophy ,,( ,,! ,,human ,,m9d4 ,revis$ & abridg$1 ) ,critical & ,explanatory ,notes1 = ! ,use ( ,colleges & ,s*ools4 ,by ,francis ,b[51 ,al=d ,pr(essor ( ,moral & ,intellectual ,philosophy 9 ,h>v>d ,college4 ,second ,edition4 #abmo4 pp4 #ejb4 #a4be4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,ma!matical ,,ari?metic4 ,,ma!matical ,,ari?metic1 ,by ,rev4 ,?omas ,hill4 #abmo4 #cg c5ts4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,geometry ,,& ,,sci5ce ,,( ,,=m4 ,,an ,,introduction ,,to ,,geometry ,,& ,,! ,,sci5ce ,,( ,,=m4 ,prep>$ f ! mo/ approv$ ,prussian ,text-,books4 #abmo4 pp4 #ahj4 #afj ,figures1 #hc c5ts4 ,i h c>efully exam9$ ! manuscript ( ',an ,introduction to ,geometry1' & ?9k x admirably adapt$ to supply an important want 9 education4 ,x is n a m]e geometrical logic1 b a natural & simple introduction to ! ,sci5ce ( ,=m4 ,,b5jam9 ,,peirce1 ,p]k9s ,pr(essor ( ,a/ronomy & ,ma!matics 9 ,h>v>d ,univ]sity4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,geometrical ,,blocks4 ,,geometrical ,,blocks1 design$ to accompany ,! ,introduction to ,geometry4 ,9 case4 #b4jj4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,peirce',s ,,algebra4 ,an ,,elem5t>y ,,treatise ,,on ,,algebra1 ,to :i* are add$ ,expon5tial ,equations & ,log>i?ms4 ,by ,b5jam9 ,peirce1 ,a4 ,m41 ,p]k9s ,pr(essor ( ,a/ronomy & ,ma!matics 9 ,h>v>d ,univ]sity4 #abmo4 ,sev5? ,edition4 #hc c5ts4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,peirce',s ,,geometry4 ,,an ,,elem5t>y ,,treatise ,,on ,,plane ,,& ,,solid ,,geometry4 ,new ,edition4 #abmo4 #ahd ,figures4 #hc c5ts4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,peirce',s ,,trigonometry4 ,,an ,,elem5t>y ,,treatise ,,on ,,plane ,,& ,,sph]ical ,,trigonometry1 ) _! ,applications to ,navigation1 ,survey+1 ,heights1 & ,di/ances1 & ,sph]ical ,a/ronomy1 & p>ticul>ly adapt$ to expla9+ ! ,con/ruction ( ,b[dit*'s ,navigator1 & ! ,nautical ,almanac4 ,new ,edition1 revis$1 ) ,additions4 #hvo4 ,plates4 #a4ge4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,peirce',s ,,curves ,,& ,,functions4 ,,an ,,elem5t>y ,,treatise ,,on ,,curves1 ,,functions1 ,,& ,,=ces4 ,volume ,fir/1 conta9+ ,analytic ,geometry & ! ,diff]5tial ,calculus4 ,volume ,second1 conta9+ ,calculus ( ,imag9>y ,quantities1 ,residual ,calculus1 & ,integral ,calculus4 ,second ,edition4 #b vols4 #abmo4 ,plates4 #b4ej4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,:ately',s ,,engli% ,,synonyms4 ,a ,,selection ,,( ,,engli% ,,synonyms4 ,fir/ ,am]ican1 f ! ,second ,london ,edition4 ,revis$ & enl>g$4 #abmo4 pp4 #ahj4 #fc c5ts4 ,= a cle> & full und]/&+ ( ! =ce & mean+ ( ^!1 ! read] w f9d "h great assi/ance4--,m]*ants' ,magaz9e4 ,x w be welcome to ! lov]s ( nice philological di/9ctions4 ,z a :ole1 !y are m>k$ by good s5se1 z well z by critical acum52 & ri* z !y are 9 sugge/ions1 ev5 to ! mo/ accompli%$ ^w-fanci]1 !y _c be /udi$ )\t advantage4--,h>p]'s ,magaz9e4 ,x is m>k$ by t /rong common-s5se & accurate le>n+ :i* h r5d]$ ! au?or's educational treatises s indisp5sable to all pr(essional tea*]s4 ,we "k ( no "w on synonyms t is equal 9 value to ?is4--,new ,york ,record]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,:ately',s ,,elem5ts ,,( ,,logic4 ,,elem5ts ,,( ,,logic1 compris+ ! ,sub/ance ( ! ,article 9 ! ,encyclopa$ia ,metropolitana1 ) ,additions1 c4 ,by ,ri*>d ,:ately1 ,d4 ,d41 ,ar*bi%op ( ,dubl94 ,new revis$ ,edition1 ) ! ,au?or's la/ ,additions4 ,l>ge #abmo4 pp4 #dhd4 ,clo? /amp$4 #a4jj4 ,?is "w 7,elem5ts ( ,logic7 has long be5 our text-book "h4 ,! /yle 9 :i* y h publi%$ ?is new edition ( s valuable a "w leaves no?+ to be desir$ 9 reg>d ( elegance & conv5i5ce4--,,pr(essor ,,dunn1 ,br[n ,univ]sity4 ,its m]its are n[ too widely kn[n to require an enum]ation ( !m4 ,! pres5t ,am]ican edition ( x is con=m$ to ! n9? ,engli% edition1 :i* 0 revis$ by ! au?or1 & :i* conta9s sev]al improvem5ts on ! =m] issues4--,nor? ,am]ican ,review4 ,?is elem5t>y treatise holds a v high rank among ! educational works ( ! day1 hav+ be5 introduc$ into mo/ ( ! be/ manag$ & popul> sem9>ies ( le>n+1 bo? 9 ,engl& & ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,x is got up 9 correct & beautiful /yle4--,m]*ants' ,magaz9e4 ,f /]eotype plates1 & ! new n9? edition revis$ by its au?or1 h j be5 publi%$1 9 a fair] & h&som] /yle1 ?an ! ,engli% copy1 ,ar*bi%op ,:ately's ,elem5ts ( ,logic1 :i*1 l ! 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