,transcrib]'s ,notes3 ,?is text uses ,,utf-#h 7unicode7 file encod+4 ,if ! apo/rophes & quotation m>ks 9 ?is p>agraph appe> z g>bage1 y may h an incompatible br[s] or unavailable fonts4 ,fir/1 make sure t y\r br[s]'s 8"* set0 or 8file encod+0 is set to ,unicode 7,,utf-#h74 ,y may also ne$ to *ange ! default font4 ,passages 9 italics are surr\nd$ by und]scores4 bold are surr\nd$ by equal signs4 bold ,go?ic ,fonts are surr\nd$ by plus signs4 ,?is volume conta9s ! ,octob] #aija ,publi%]'s ,catalogue1 h[ev] ! catalogue is n li/$ 9 ! regul> ,table ( ,cont5ts4 ,! ,catalogue foll[s ! f9al ,*apt]4 ,o!r ,transcrib] ,notes appe> at ! end ( ?is e-text4 ,,! ,,*ur*man',s ,,libr>y ,,edit$ ,,by ,j4 ,h4 ,,burn1 ,b4,d4 ,,evolution ---------------------------------------- -------------------------- ,,! ,,*ur*man',s ,,libr>y ,,edit$ ,,by ,,john ,,h5ry ,,burn1 ,b4,d4 ,exam9+ ,*apla9 to ! ,"l ,bi%op ( ,ab]de54 ,,! ,,beg9n+s ,,( ,,engli% ,,*ri/ianity4 ,by ,w4 ,e4 ,,coll9s1 ,m4,a41 ,pr(essor ( ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory1 ,k+'s ,college1 ,london4 ,cr[n #hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,ready4 ,,! ,,*ur* ,,& ,,! ,,sacram5ts4 ,by ,e4 ,t4 ,,gre51 ,m4,a41 ,pr(essor ( ,hebrew & ,!ology at ,/4 ,david's ,college1 ,lampet]4 ,,! ,,*ur*man',s ,,prim]4 ,by ,g4 ,,h>=d-,,batt]sby1 ,m4,a4 ,,! ,,*ur*man',s ,,day ,,book4 ,by ,j4 ,h4 ,,burn1 ,b4,d4 ,,! ,,anglican ,,*ur* ,,9 ,,! ,,colonies ,,& ,,mission ,,field4 ,by ,,allan ,b4 ,,webb1 ,d4,d41 ,assi/ant ,bi%op to ! ,bi%op ( ,bre*94 ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,papacy4 ,by ,j4 ,p4 ,,:itney1 ,m4,a4 ,,our ,,controv]sy ,,) ,,rome4 ,by ,j4 ,m4 ,,danson1 ,d4,d4 ,,! ,,workman%ip ,,( ,,! ,,pray] ,,book4 ,by ,,john ,,d[d51 ,d4,d41 ,bi%op ( ,ed9burgh4 ,cr[n #hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,ready4 ,a ,,popul> ,,introduction ,,to ,,! ,,old ,,te/am5t4 ,by ,,angus ,m4 ,,mackay1 ,b4,a4 ,a ,,popul> ,,introduction ,,to ,,! ,,new ,,te/am5t4 ,by ,j4 ,h4 ,,%eph]d1 ,m4,a4 ,,! ,,hebrew ,,prophet4 ,by ,l4 ,w4 ,,batt51 ,ph4,d4 ,,an ,,introduction ,,to ,,textual ,,criticism4 ,by ,a4 ,m4 ,,knight1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ & ,dean ( ,gonville & ,caius ,college1 ,camb4 ,,"s ,,old ,,te/am5t ,,problems4 ,by ,,john ,p4 ,,pet]s1 ,d4,d41 ,d4,sc4 ,,"s ,,new ,,te/am5t ,,problems4 ,by ,,ar?ur ,,wright1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ & ,tutor ( ,que5s' ,college1 ,cambridge4 ,cr[n #hvo1 #fs4 ,ready4 ,,bible ,,revision4 ,by ,j4 ,j4 ,s4 ,,p][ne1 ,d4,d41 ,bi%op ( ,worce/]4 ,,devotional ,,analysis ,,( ,,! ,,paul9e ,,epi/les4 ,by ,,john ,,gott1 ,d4,d41 ,bi%op ( ,truro4 ,,prea*+4 ,by ,,fr$]ic ,,relton1 ,a4,k4,c4 ,,engli% ,,hymns ,,& ,,hymn ,,tunes4 ,by ,h4 ,c4 ,,%uttlewor?1 ,m4,a41 ,pr(essor ( ,pa/oral & ,liturgical ,!ology1 ,k+'s ,college1 ,london4 ,,! ,,witness ,,( ,,ar*,,ology4 ,by ,c4 ,j4 ,,ball1 ,m4,a41 ,*apla9 ( ,l9coln's ,inn4 ,,engli% ,,ecclesiology4 ,by ,j4 ,n4 ,,comp]4 ,,confirmation4 ,by ,h4 ,t4 ,,k+don1 ,d4,d41 ,bi%op ( ,fr$]icton4 ,,inspiration4 ,by ,canon ,,b5ham1 ,d4,d4 ,,miracles4 ,by ,,?omas ,b4 ,,/rong1 ,b4,d41 ,/ud5t ( ,*ri/ ,*ur*1 ,ox=d4 ,,provid5ce ,,& ,,pray]4 ,by ,v4 ,h4 ,,/anton1 ,d4,d41 ,ely ,pr(essor ( ,div9ity1 ,cambridge4 ,,evolution4 ,by ,,frank ,b4 ,,jevons1 ,m4,a41 ,d4,litt41 ,pr9cipal ( ,bi%op ,hatfield's ,hall1 ,durham4 ,cr[n #hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,! ,,k+dom ,,( ,,heav5 ,,"h ,,& ,,h]eaft]4 ,by ,canon ,,w9t]bo?am1 ,m4,a41 ,b4,sc41 ,,ll4,b4 ,cr4 #hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,ready4 ,,! ,,great ,,_w ,,religions ,,f ,a ,,*ri/ian ,,/&po9t4 ,by ,h4 ,e4 ,j4 ,,bevan1 ,m4,a41 ,gre%am ,pr(essor ( ,div9ity4 ,,comp>ative ,,religion4 ,by ,j4 ,a4 ,,maccullock4 ,,engli% ,,ecclesia/ical ,,law4 ,by ,w4 ,,digby ,,?urnam4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------- ,,evolution ,,by ,,frank ,b4 ,,jevons1 ,m4,a41 ,d4,,litt4 ,,pr9cipal ,,( ,,bi%op ,,hatfield',s ,,hall1 ,,durham ,,me?u5 ,,co4 #cf ,,essex ,,/reet1 ,w4,c4 ,,london #aijj ,,preface ,! object ( ?is volume is to raise ! "q3 if we accept ! ,!ory ( ,evolution z true 9 sci5ce1 h[ %\ld x modify ! ?\ght & action ( a man :o wi%es to d 8 be/ 9 ?is _w8 ,! "q is necess>y because we f9d t diff]5t & inconsi/5t conclusions on ! po9t h be5 rea*$ by m5 speak+ 9 ! "n ( sci5ce & speak+ ) au?ority4 ,^! diff]5ces are due n to any?+ 9 sci5ce1 b to c]ta9 extra-sci5tific assumptions4 ,to te/ ! wor? ( su* assumptions is ! "w ( philosophy2 & ?is volume is accord+ly an essay 9 philosophy4 ,sci5ce is b organis$ common s5se4 ,sci5ce & ,religion bo? claim to deal ) realities4 ,! realism ( common s5se1 !re=e1 ! =m ( philosophy to :i* bo? seem to po9t1 is t :i* is set =? "h4 ,,cont5ts ,,page ,i4 ,,optimism #a ,,ii4 ,,illusion #ad ,,iii4 ,,pessimism #bd ,,iv4 ,,idealism #ch ,v4 ,,! ,,real #fj ,,vi4 ,,evolution ,,z ,,! ,,r$i/ribution ,,( ,,matt] ,,& ,,motion #gb ,,vii4 ,,necessity #ajj ,,viii4 ,,insuffici5t ,,evid5ce #ach ,,ix4 ,,consequ5ces #aeb ,x4 ,,! ,,*ess-,,bo>d #afc ,,xi4 ,,! ,,common ,,fai? ,,( ,,mank9d #ahd ,,xii4 ,,progress #bjc ,,xiii4 ,,evolution ,,z ,,purpose #bch ,,xiv4 ,,conclusion #bgc ,,app5dix4 ,,on ,,bi%op ,,b]keley',s ,,idealism #bhi ,,index #big ,,evolution ,i4 ,,optimism ,innum]able writ]s at ! end ( ! n9ete5? c5tury h review$ ! *anges :i* 9 ! la/ fifty ye>s h come ov] ! civilis$ _w4 ,! record inde$ is admitt$ on all h&s to be m>vell\s4 ,/eam1 electricity1 ma*9]y1 & all ! practical inv5tions ( appli$ sci5ce h add$ enorm\sly to ! mat]ial weal?1 com=t1 & luxury ( mank9d4 ,intellectually1 ! b\nds ( pure sci5ce h be5 va/ly enl>g$2 & ! bless+s ( education h be5 ext5d$ to ! poore/ memb]s ( ! community4 ,philan?ropic & religi\s activity manife/s itself 9 a ?\s& diff]5t organisations4 ,we are nev] tir$ ( repeat+1 t *anges :i* 9 ! fir/ half ( ! c5tury w\ld h be5 pron\nc$ impossible & incr$ible1 at ! end ( ! c5tury are accompli%$ facts4 ,b among/ all ^! *anges "o is almo/ univ]sally ov]look$1 & t ! mo/ *>act]i/ic1 ! mo/ rem>kable1 & ! mo/ important3 ! face ( civilisation has come to be illum9$ by hope4 ,great z is ! progress ( ! la/ fifty ye>s1 we c\nt x z no?+ comp>$ ) t :i* is 9 /ore = u4 ,to ! discov]ies ( sci5ce x is felt t no b\nds c be set2 :at a day may br+ =? 9 ! way ( ! ext5sion ( man's control ov] ! =ces ( ,nature1 :at secrets ( ,nature ! *emi/ 9 8 laboratory may light ^u at any mom5t1 no man c surmise1 b ev]yone is confid5t t ?+s w be discov]$ z m>vell\s to u n[ z ! telegraph & telephone to our pr$ecessors ( ! pre-sci5tific age4 ,9 ! treatm5t ( political & social que/ions ! same deep-seat$ conviction prevails t progress c & w be made3 ! conditions & causes ( pov]ty c be asc]ta9$ by pati5t /udy1 & :5 asc]ta9$ c be dealt )4 ,! laws ( physical heal? & cleanl9ess h n refus$ to reveal !mselves1 nor are moral heal? & cleanl9ess )\t _! laws4 ,9 f9e1 if ! be/ en]gy ( ! age is ev]y:]e devot$ to ! increase ( k1 ! advancem5t ( morality1 & ! diffusion ( com=t1 x is because ev]y:]e !re is hope4 ,9 ! social z 9 ! individual organism hope raises ! tide ( life1 increases vitality1 & /imulates ! sy/em4 ,h5ce ?is g5]al dis*>ge ?r\gh\t ! n]v\s sy/em ( society1 manife/+ itself 9 ! vig\r & en]gy ) :i* all s*emes = improvem5t are tak5 up & c>ri$ out4 ,t discov]ies w be made & progress effect$ is z c]ta9 z t gold is to be f\nd 9 a goldfield2 ! only practical "q is1 ,by :om8 ,:o is to be ! lucky man8 ,to u :o h witness$ ! advance :i* has giv5 rise to ?is univ]sal hope1 ! hope itself seems s reasonable & s ju/ifiable t we are apt to ov]look ! fact t x is )\t p>allel 9 ! hi/ory ( mank9d4 ,nev]1 ( c\rse1 has any g5]ation ( m5 imag9$ its own lot p]fect2 all h _h _! ideals1 & all h believ$ _! ideals to be true4 ,b :]eas we place ! realisation ( our ideals 9 ! future1 all previ\s g5]ations h plac$ x 9 ! pa/3 ! ,gold5 ,age till n[ has always be5 reg>d$ z ! />t+-po9t ( man's hi/ory1 n its goal4 ,all races h look$ back ) pride ^u a h]oic pa/2 all my?ologies tell ( ! bett] & bright] lot t 0 9 ! beg9n+ man's2 all poets s+ ( ! brave days ( old2 all fairy tales beg9 ) once ^u a "t4 ,! hi/orians ( ,greece & ,rome discov]$ no progress 9 ! hi/ory ( _! c\ntries1 b only deg5]ation f ! patriotism & simplicity ( e>li] times1 or at be/ a s]ies ( *anges mak+ its r\nd l ! circle ( ! ye>'s seasons4 ,! philosoph]s ( ,greece are ma9ly occupi$1 :5 !y deal ) sociological que/ions1 ) ! causes ( corruption & decay ( con/itutions2 &1 if !y frame ideal con/itutions1 !y int5d !m to be f9al2 !y d n imag9e !m to h any possibility ( gr[?4 ,9 mod]n times ! same t5d5cy has be5 equally manife/4 ,political revolutions h always aim$1 n at introduc+ a new1 b at re/or+ an old /ate ( ?+s3 ! actors 9 ! ,fr5* ,revolution ev5 dress$ & pos$ z anci5t ,greeks & ,romans4 ,9 philosophy1 civilisation1 z be+ artificial1 has be5 reg>d$ z a deg5]ation f a natural /ate ( man :i* 0 at once primitive & p]fect4 ,9 ! individual1 optimism may be dismiss$ z a m]e mood1 or z a t5d5cy to *e]fulness n bas$ on any rational e/imate ei!r ( ! future or ( ! pa/4 ,b :5 a :ole g5]ation ( m51 :51 inde$1 ! :ole civilis$ _w1 looks to ! future1 n ) c>eless levity1 b ) ! calm assurance ( confid5ce 9 ! progress t is & is to be1 we _c dismiss its optimism (fh&4 ,a/oni%+ z x is1 t ! _w z x gr[s old] %\ld gr[ m hopeful1 !re are good reasons = ! fact4 ,! *ild's e/imates ( di/ance1 magnitude1 & importance diff] f ^? ( ! adult4 ,! e/imates1 h[ev]1 p]si/ 9 memory1 & we h all discov]$1 on revisit+ famili> sc5es ( *ildhood1 h[ exagg]at$ our *ildi% e/imates 7 :5 comp>$ ) ! actual facts4 ,x is ?is exagg]ation ( memory1 ?is illusion ( ! m9d's eye1 t psy*ologically is ! f\ndation ( ! t5d5cy to idealise ! pa/4 ,to u z *ildr5 ! exploits ( our eld]s 7 m>vell\s 9 our eyes2 & !y rema9 z m>vels 9 ! memory1 z m>vels1 h[ev]1 :i*1 z all m>vels d1 belong to ! pa/4 ,! pa/ becomes ! wond]l& 9 :i* 7 p]=m$ ! great de$s1 n only ( our fa!rs' "t1 b ( ! old times be=e !m4 ,! pa/ becomes ! poet's treasury1 f :i* he produces ?+s new & old--! abid+-place ( all ?+s good & great & beautiful :i* are n1 b ought to be1 & !re=e once 74 ,to measure progress1 z inde$ to measure any movem5t & det]m9e its rate & direction1 "s fix$ po9ts are necess>y4 ,z long1 !re=e1 z !re is no contemporane\s record ( ev5ts1 fix$ 9 writ+1 !re is no possibility ( *eck+ ! laudator temporis acti & ( r$uc+ ! unconsci\s exagg]ations ( 8 memory to _! due proportions4 ,b ev5 if !re 71 9 ! l[e/ /ages ( culture ! rate ( progress is too sl[ to be p]ceptible at ! "t4 ,9 ! beg9n+ man is at ! m]cy ( 8 environm5t3 x is only :5 he has le>nt to modify x to 8 ne$s t progress beg9s to move4 ,& by ! "t t man has pass$ f savag]y to b>b>ism1 & has em]g$ f b>b>ism to civilisation1 ! conviction t ! pres5t & ! actual are ?+s ( naught z comp>$ ) ! ideal pa/1 is too intimately inwr\ght ) 8 religion1 8 my?ology1 8 philosophy1 & ! accept$ hi/ory ( 8 race & its h]oic orig9 to all[ him to see facts z !y are1 or to div9e ! true tr5d ( human affairs4 ,fur!r1 !re is a v practical reason = 8 look+ ) suspicion & n ) confid5ce on social *anges4 ,x is only z ! result ( a long c\rse ( sl[ evolution t society has atta9$ to a condition ( fairly /able equilibrium4 ,9 ! beg9n+ society may be comp>$ to a man hang+ on = b>e life1 ) a prec>i\s foo?old1 to ! face ( a %e] cliff3 :5 ! lea/ movem5t may prove fatal1 all movem5t is dread$4 ,?us ! *>act]i/ic ( all e>ly societies is t !y are imp$$ by ! cake ( cu/om & rigid ) ! immobility ( cons]vatism4 ,to ^? :o hold t exp]i5ce me*anically impresses itself ^u ! m9d & s automatically expresses itself z tru?1 x mu/ appe> some:at /range t mank9d %\ld h advanc$ = ?\s&s ( ye>s )\t kn[+ t !y _h progress$2 & /ill m /range t x 0 n z an induction f exp]i5ce1 b on a priori gr\nds t !y arriv$ at ! conclusion4 ,yet s x 04 ,! m]e contemplation ( ! rise & fall ( empires no m sugge/$ ! pres5ce & p]si/5ce ( a con/ant t5d5cy to progress ?an ! m\nta9\s wave :i* ?reat5s to engulf ! %ip sugge/s t ! sea-level is a sci5tific tru?4 ,b :5 ,d>w9 e/abli%$ 8 !ory t man 0 desc5d$ f ! brute1 all 0 cle>3 x became c]ta9 a priori t ! long hi/ory & pre-hi/ory ( man mu/ h be5 "o ( progress & advance4 ,:5 ! desc5t ( man 0 e/abli%$1 8 asc5t came to be /udi$1 & human evolution 0 se5 to be synonym\s ) progress4 ,savages 7 se5 to be ! ne>e/ exi/+ repres5tatives ( primitive man1 & !re 0 an end to ! idea t ! primitive /ate 0 p]fection4 ,! comp>ative me?od1 once appli$ to ! /udy ( mank9d1 0 able to set side by side examples ( savag]y1 b>b>ism1 & civilisation1 :i* illu/rat$ e /ep 9 ! process ( ! evolution ( society1 & %[$ t1 ?\gh ! =ms ( society may fluctuate z d ! waves ( ! sea1 society itself is /eady 9 its advance & progressive 9 its evolution4 ,?is conclusion1 :i* at fir/ 0 a d$uction drawn f ! animal desc5t ( man1 has n[ ! indep5d5t support ( an enorm\s am\nt ( evid5ce4 ,! exi/5ce ( a ,/one ,age1 paloli?ic & neoli?ic1 ( a ,bronze ,age & an ,iron ,age1 & ! succession ( ^? ages 9 ! ord] nam$1 are e/abli%$ facts ( sci5ce4 ,t ! culture ( nomad peoples is l[] ?an t ( pa/oral tribes2 t pa/oral tribes advance 9 culture :5 !y become agricultural2 t agriculture1 imply+ settl$ habits & fix$ homes1 leads to ! f\ndation ( cities & ! =mation ( civic life2 t ! city-/ates ( ! anci5t _w give way to ! nation-/ates ( mod]n times3 are all accept$ facts1 bridg+ ! app>5t *asm betwe5 civilisation & savag]y1 & demon/rat+ ! action ( ! law ( cont9uity 9 ! evolution ( society4 ,b1 x w be obs]v$1 all ^! facts & argum5ts tak5 toge!r only prove :at has be5--n :at w be4 ,!y %[ t f a level little high] ?an ! brute man has atta9$ to :at he is2 b is ?is en\gh to gu>antee 8 cont9u\s rise8 ,9 o!r words1 h we rea*$ ! real s\rce ( t univ]sal hope :i*1 z we h said1 is *>act]i/ic ( ?is /age ( man's evolution8 ,! b>k ( man's de/9y hi!rto has be5 waft$ by a fav\r+ & a /eady gale1 & x is natural en\gh = ! unreflect+ to take x = grant$ t ! w9d w always set f ! same happy qu>t]4 ,b ! "q w obtrude itself :e!r we are ju/ifi$ 9 ! presumption4 ,if man %ap$ 8 own c\rse1 we might at lea/ say t !re 0 no reason :y he %\ld n cont9ue to /e] 9 ! same direction z hi!rto4 ,b ! mo/ rem>kable lesson t sociology has to tea* u is t ! c\rse :i* he has foll[$ s cont9u\sly has n be5 ( 8 own /e]+4 ,z we h already se51 man until ?is pres5t g5]ation has uni=mly kept 8 eyes fix$ on ! qu>t] f :i*1 n to :i*1 he has imag9$ himself to be travell+1 &1 l a reluctant emigrant1 has lam5t$ ! increas+ di/ance betwe5 him & ! happy %ore f :i* he sail$4 ,or1 to *ange ! metaphor1 society is an organism4 ,l all organisms1 x />ts z a relatively /ructureless mass2 !n1 9 accordance ) ! pr9ciple ( ! division ( lab\r1 diff]5t functions come to be p]=m$ by diff]5t p>ts2 ?us special organs are develop$ = ! p]=mance ( special functions2 division ( lab\r fur!r implies co-op]ation ( ! v>i\s organs & ! developm5t ( ! necess>y means ( communication & connection4 ,all ?is is necess>y = t evolution ( society :i* we call progress2 & ( all ^! *anges 9 ! /ructure ( society b few 7 ev] int5tionally plann$ by man4 ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c] has famili>is$ ?is g5]ation ) ! idea t ! =ese5 consequ5ces ( any int5d$ *ange are insignificant z comp>$ ) ! consequ5ces un=ese5 & un9t5d$4 ,h5ce ! g5]al rule t ! /ructural developm5ts on :i* ! evolution ( society dep5ds are b r>ely ! result ( ! co]cive & consci\s *anges effect$ by gov]nm5t3 9 practically all cases !y are ! un9t5d$ consequ5ces ( ! spontane\s actions ( individuals aim+ at some?+ else & unconsci\sly promot+ ! evolution ( society4 ,s1 too1 ! animal organism is made up ( liv+ units1 ea* ( :i* unconsci\sly p]=ms ! "p necess>y to be play$ by x1 if ! organism is to live2 & ea* unit1 unconsci\sly aga91 ev5 modifies ! "p x plays1 9 ord] to promote ! *anges :i* con/itute ! evolution & ! progress ( ! organism4 ,we mu/ !re=e dismiss ! idea t ! progress ( mank9d & ! evolution ( society h be5 plann$ by man or are due to 8 design2 & we mu/ recognise ! pres5ce 9 human affairs ( "s unse51 impell+ p[] :i* is cont9ually guid+ !m to good issues & %ap+ !m to ends n ev5 r\gh-hewn by m54 ,?is p[]1 x is evid5t1 mu/ be "o n limit$ 9 its action to ! social organism1 b manife/+ itself 9 animal organisms also1 s9ce !re also x produces simil> results4 ,t p[]1 we ne$ h>dly say1 is to be s\ght 9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce3 :]ev] organisms are 9 excess ( ! means = support+ !m1 competition = food1 = life1 mu/ ensue2 & 9 ?is case ! battle is to ! /rong1 ! race to ! fleet4 ,b ( c\rse /r5g? is a relative t]m3 :at 9 "s circum/ances is a s\rce ( /r5g?1 9 o!rs may be a cause ( weakness2 &1 g5]ally1 ! v qualities :i* 9 "s cases are ( ! highe/ value may 9 o!rs be useless to _! possessor4 ,x is !re=e ! creature :i* possesses ! p>ticul> k9d ( sup]iority requir$ by ! circum/ances 9 :i* x f9ds itself1 :i* is ! creature t is likely to f>e be/1 & is mo/ likely to survive 9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce4 ,b1 fur!r1 ! circum/ances t5d to produce ! v sup]iority :i* !y require3 !y ru?lessly reject & condemn to de/ruction e organism :i* fails to satisfy _! requirem5ts1 ?us leav+ ! field 9 possession ( ^? organisms :i* h ! requir$ sup]iority4 ,! next g5]ation1 !re=e1 is br$ n f *ance p>5ts1 b f p>5ts :i* h be5 select$1 by natural causes & ! =ce ( circum/ances1 z c>efully z by ! bre$] :o wi%es to produce a prize animal4 ,e successive g5]ation ?us mu/ be sup]ior to t :i* prec$$ x4 ,advance is ! v brea? ( e organism's be+1 ! condition )\t :i* exi/5ce is impossible4 ,to ! tal5ts :i* x has1 e be+ mu/ add o!r tal5ts1 or be ca/ out into ! d>kness ( non-exi/5ce2 :]eas to ! good & fai?ful s]vant :o ex]cises all ! p[]s entru/$ to him ev5 wid] rule is giv54 ,nei!r ?is _w nor ! next is = ! idle or = ! /upid4 ,! intellig5ce mu/ be al]t to detect ! slighte/ elem5t ( possible sup]iority1 & ! w resolute to "w x to ! utmo/ ( its wor?4 ,man mu/ be wise 9 8 g5]ation2 & ! wise man makes fri5ds ev5 ) ! mammon ( unrighte\sness1 & t quickly4 ,if1 !n1 x is by ! p]petual & /r5u\s ex]cise ( all its p[]s t an organism a*ieves ! degree ( sup]iority :i* is its contribution to ! univ]sal "w ( progress1 x foll[s t ! p]=mance ( e function is1 9 a s5se1 a moral obligation1 & t ! moral man is "o ^: functions are all dis*>g$ 9 degrees duly adju/$ to ! conditions ( exi/5ce4 ,"h1 z else:]e1 ! individual1 to exi/1 mu/ comply ) ! conditions ( exi/5ce2 & progress consi/s 9 m p]fect compliance ) ! conditions4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a diff]5ce betwe5 ! highly evolv$ organism1 man1 & ! less complex organisms2 betwe5 animal & human evolution2 betwe5 biological & moral progress4 ,9 ! case ( ! l[] & simpl] organisms1 ! creature is prompt$ simply & safely by its emotions to ! p]=mance ( ^? functions on :i* its exi/5ce & ! evolution ( its species dep5d4 ,b ! evolution ( man has be5 s rapid 9 its lat] /ages1 ! social environm5t :i* he has himself creat$ is s diff]5t f ! circum/ances 9 :i* he orig9ally f\nd himself1 t 8 adju/m5t to 8 environm5t has become1 s to speak1 mu* loos]1 & consequ5tly x is n[ no long] ! case t actions 9 !mselves pleasant are also necess>ily b5eficial 9 _! consequ5ces to ! individual & to society4 ,moral progress1 !re=e1 w manife/ itself 9 ! readju/m5t ( man to 8 alt]$ conditions4 ,! consequ5ce ( t adju/m5t1 :5 complete1 w be t actions :i* are "r--t is1 are b5eficial to ! individual & to society--w always be pleasurable1 n only 9 _! consequ5ces1 b also imm$iately & 9 !mselves4 ,to ?is ideal1 :5 all m5 w delight always 9 ! ?+ t is "r1 & :5 all h atta9$ to a height ( morality n[ rea*$ only by ! few1 man is be+ sl[ly b surely urg$ by ! =ce :i* is ! motive p[] ( all evolution1 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce1 regulat$ by ! law :i* directs all progress1 t ( ! survival ( ! fitte/4 ,"h1 !n1 we h ! reason ( ! hope t is *>act]i/ic ( our g5]ation2 "h ! f\ndation ( ! calm confid5ce ) :i* we c\nt on ! cont9uance ( progress z a ?+ assur$ u4 ,x is n m]ely t progress has be5 made 9 ! pa/1 t ! gale hi!rto has /eadily bl[n u on a fav\rable c\rse4 ,we h le>nt t x mu/ ( necessity always bl[ f ! same qu>t]4 ,man's c\rse is n dep5d5t on man's fitful w3 ! w9d & waves obey n him1 b ! ,p[] :i* directs all evolution1 & our /r5g? 9 ages pa/ is %[n by sci5ce to be our hope 9 ye>s to come4 ,,ii4 ,,illusion ,x seems1 !n1 accord+ to ! optimi/ic view set =? 9 ! previ\s *apt]1 t ,evolution is necess>ily ,progress1 & progress is movem5t 9 ! l9e ( our moral aspirations produc$ ad inf9itum4 ,! *anges t are & always h be5 tak+ place are & always h be5 *anges = ! bett]2 ! =ms ( exi/5ce :i* incessantly succe$ "o ano!r necess>ily develop f l[] to high]1 f good to bett]4 ,& ?is conclusion is n a matt] ( religi\s fai?1 b ( sci5tific necessity4 ,! only =ces & causes t x presupposes are ^? :i* we see & feel at "w e day ar\nd u4 ,= ! recon/ruction ( ! pa/ hi/ory ( ! e>?'s surface1 geology only requires to assume ! op]ation dur+ inf9ite pa/ "t ( ^? ag5cies :i* at ?is mom5t may be se5 to be sl[ly *ang+ ! face ( ! e>?4 ,! cool+ ( ! e>?'s surface foll[s ! same laws1 & c be calculat$ ) ! same c]ta9ty z ! cool+ ( a r$-hot pok]4 ,! law ( gravitation1 :i* det]m9es ! movem5ts ( ! heav5ly bodies1 is equally exemplifi$ 9 ! fall ( an apple to ! gr\nd4 ,9 f9e1 ! univ]se consi/s ( bodies ( matt] 9 motion2 ! movem5ts :i* occur )9 ! range ( human obs]vation are suffici5t to enable u f !m to calculate ! pa?s :i* !y foll[ :5 !y pass beyond our k51 & ! correctness ( our calculations is demon/rat$ :5 !y reappe> at ! "t & place pr$ict$4 ,! *emi/ recov]s on "o side ( 8 equation e atom :i* ! o!r side requires him to acc\nt =4 ,! />s 9 _! c\rses confirm ! calculations ( ! a/ronom]4 ,matt] is 9 p]petual c\rse ( r$i/ribution1 & ! same ev]la/+ laws :i* det]m9e ! =ms into :i* x is incessantly be+ r$i/ribut$ necess>ily det]m9e t ^? =ms %all p]petually improve4 ,?is optimi/ic view ( evolution has met ) g5]al welcome1 b on v diff]5t gr\nds 9 diff]5t cases4 ,believ]s 9 ,div9e ,provid5ce h eag]ly greet$ x z a />tl+ & irresi/ible demon/ration t _! belief 9 a ,provid5ce ov]-rul+ all ?+s = good 0 true4 ,no suspicion "h 0 possible t ! argum5t _h be5 sophi/icat$ by ^? ) :om ! wi% 0 fa!r to ! ?\ght4 ,by sci5ce ! te/imony ( sci5ce c\ld h>dly be impea*$2 & "h 0 sci5ce on indep5d5t reason+s ( its own1 />t+ f purely mat]iali/ic gr\nd1 compell$ by ! =ce ( its own argum5ts to be> witness to ! tru? :i* religion _h s long proclaim$ on ! /r5g? ( fai? alone4 ,to ?is g5]ation a sign _h inde$ be5 giv54 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! optimi/ic int]pretation ( evolution 0 welcom$ ) equal ard\r by ^? = :om x remov$ ! la/ difficulty !y _h 9 believ+ t !re 0 no ,god4 ,hi!rto ! deeply root$ desire to believe t1 9 spite ( all appe>ances to ! contr>y1 good mu/ triumph ultimately1 & "r-do+ nev] be conf\nd$1 _h seem$ to necessitate belief 9 a righte\s ,god4 ,b n[ ! necessity = any su* assumption 0 done away )3 ! p]petual triumph ( ! good 0 a necess>y aspect or expression ( ! me*anical action ( p>ticles ( matt] ^u "o ano!r1 z mu* z ! law ( gravitation itself1 & bas$ on exactly ! same k9d ( evid5ce4 ,f ?is x foll[$ t religi\s belief 0 b a pass+ phase 9 ! process ( evolution1 useful en\gh z long z ! real evid5ce = our fai? 9 ! good 0 unkn[n1 b de/9$ to dw9dle to a m]e rudim5t & survival z fa/ z m5 become capable ( see+ ! tru? ( ! matt]1 & ( realis+ t religion is sup]flu\s because x c (f] no?+ t is n indep5d5tly assur$ by sci5ce4 ,at ! same "t & 9 ! same way ! hope ( future bless$ness is br\ght d[n f ! unsub/antial cl\ds ( an imag9>y heav5 to ! solid gr\nd ( a mat]iali/ic sci5ce1 :i* nev] travels beyond ! evid5ce ( ! s5ses4 ,s9ce1 !n1 m9ds1 :i* diff] o!rwise s mu*1 are agre$ t ! optimi/ic int]pretation ( evolution is ! true "o1 x seems n unreasonable to ask ea* h[ f> !y are prep>$ to pu% _! optimism4 ,we w ask ! "o side :e!r ! reason :y !y believe 9 ! goodness ( ,god really is t1 z a matt] ( fact1 !y see t good is incessantly triumphant ar\nd !m1 & triumphant z a matt] ( absolute necessity4 ,surely :e!r we consid] :at we daily see ( life1 or :e!r we consid] ! /ruggle ) evil 9 our own s\ls1 x is a mock]y to say t good inv>iably triumphs "h & n[2 & !re mu/ be illusion 9 ! argum5t t w\ld prove t x does4 ,c\ld an argum5t t is bas$ on ! assumption t matt] & motion are ! only realities issue 9 any?+ b illusion :5 ext5d$ to spiritual exp]i5ce8 ,to ! o!r side we may put ! "q some:at diff]5tly4 ,x is agre$ t all ! _m *anges :i* are incessantly tak+ place 9 ! univ]se1 & :i*1 add$ toge!r1 con/itute :at is call$ ! cosmic process1 are incessantly & inevitably work+ = good1 & !mselves are always ris+ f good to bett]4 ,b :at ( ! ,=ce1 or ,p[]1 or ,cause1 or ,reality :i* und]lies !m & ( :i* !y are ! manife/ation8 ,may we inf] t because !y are good1 x is good8 ,t if ! fruits are good1 ! tree mu/ be good also8 ,to ?is ! reply w be t x is ! manife/ations :i* we "k2 !y alone are kn[n to u2 !y alone c be kn[n to u4 ,t :i* und]lies !m is n manife/2 & t :i* is n manife/$ to u obvi\sly _c be kn[n to u3 x is ! ,unkn[able4 ,obvi\sly1 !re=e1 x is impossible = u to say :e!r x is good or n4 ,to affirm & to d5y t x is good w\ld bo? equally be to pr(ess k ( ! unkn[able4 ,religion may pr(ess--&1 inde$1 all religions h pr(ess$--to possess ?is inconceivable & impossible k4 ,b religion is n sci5ce4 ,on ?is view1 !n1 !re are limits to ! optimism ( evolution3 to apply ! t]m good to t :i* manife/s itself z ! cosmic process 9 evolution is m]e illusion4 ,b ?is raises a fur!r "q3 ,if x is unmean+ to call ! ,unkn[able ,reality good1 :at precisely is ! mean+ & value ( ! t]m good :5 appli$ to ^? =ms 9 :i* ! ,unkn[able manife/s itself to u8 ,to beg9 )1 x is cle> t if ev]y?+ has be5 evolv$1 !n our moral aspirations also are ! products ( evolution4 ,x is !y1 inde$1 t di/+ui% man f ! brute2 b ev5 ( !m ! law ( cont9uity holds good3 we c see n only h[ 9 man ! virtues h be5 develop$ by civilisation1 b we c trace ! g]ms ( consci5ce 9 t civilis$ animal ! dog1 z we c c]ta9ly see mat]nal affection1 devotion1 & self-sacrifice 9 ! fi]ce/ ( undome/icat$ animals4 ,9 o!r words1 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce is wag$ bett] 9 co-op]ation ?an by individual ef=t2 co-op]ation implies ! subord9ation ( individual impulse to ! int]e/s ( ! species or society2 & su* subord9ation1 tak+ diff]5t =ms 9 diff]5t /ages ( social developm5t1 is :at we call virtue4 ,9 ! next place1 ! !ory ( evolution is built ^u ! anci5t tru? t no?+ abide? long 9 "o /ay4 ,matt] & motion are 9 p]petual c\rse ( r$i/ribution1 ent]+ into c\ntless comb9ations1 & assum+ innum]able =ms1 :i* succe$ ea* o!r l ! waves ( ! sea1 & l !m are no soon] =m$ ?an !y are gone4 ,x foll[s1 !n1 on ?is %[+1 t our moral aspirations are z transitory z o!r products ( evolution4 ,inde$1 z we look back ov] ! pages ( hi/ory we c see !m always *ang+ be=e our eyes--:at is approv$ by savages is disapprov$ lat]2 ! virtues ( ! milit>y /age ( social developm5t give way to ^? fo/]$1 by ! indu/rial organisation ( society4 ,9 a ^w1 our moral aspirations1 be+ ! outcome ( evolution1 h nei!r ! p]man5ce ( matt] & motion :i* are ev]la/+ & inde/ructible1 nor ! reality :i* is ! attribute ( ! ,unkn[able alone4 ,if any confirmation ( ?is conclusion 7 requir$1 x w\ld be f\nd 9 ! fact t only a liv+1 consci\s be+ c ent]ta9 moral aspirations1 or desire ! good1 or hung] & ?ir/ aft] righte\sness4 ,& life & consci\sness are b transitory phases ( evolution4 ,! e>?'s cru/1 ! geologic record1 te/ifies to ! =m] exi/5ce ( fauna n[ ext9ct4 ,! sci5ce ( heat makes x c]ta9 t ! e>? mu/ cease to be habitable = any =m ( life2 & ) ! ext9ction ( consci\sness1 good & ! desire = good1 "r & ! /riv+ aft] "r1 w be no m3 matt] & motion1 brute matt] & bl9d =ces1 kn[+ no?+ ( good or evil1 w resume _! anci5t1 desolate doma94 ,if1 pursu+ ! same tra9 ( ?\ght1 we ask :at mean+ ! optimi/ic evolutioni/ puts ^u ! ^w good1 we %all see t1 accord+ to him1 ! di/9ction betwe5 good & bad is "o t applies1 & c only apply1 to c]ta9 mom5ts 9 ! process ( evolution1 b n to ! process z a :ole1 j z we h already se5 t accord+ to ! optimi/ic evolutioni/ ! di/9ction does n apply to ! ,unkn[able ,reality ( :i* ! process ( evolution is a manife/ation4 ,! law ( life is laid d[n to be ! /ruggle = exi/5ce1 ) ! consequ5t survival ( ! fitte/4 ,9 ! /ruggle1 t is good :i* is /ruggl$ =1 viz4 exi/5ce2 & t conduct1 9 man or brute1 is good :i* conduces to success 9 ! /ruggle & enables ! organism to ma9ta9 its exi/5ce4 ,?is c only be done by ! adaptation ( ! organism to its environm5t1 ( ! con/itution to ! conditions4 ,x foll[s1 !re=e1 t good is a purely relative t]m3 x is only applicable ) ref]5ce to organisms1 & ev5 9 _! case only to success & :atev] contributes to success 9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce4 ,b to ! cosmos be=e ! /ruggle = life beg9s1 & aft] life & its /ruggles h relaps$ into ! ins5ti5ce ( unconsci\s matt]1 ! t]m _c be appli$4 ,matt] & motion1 :i* exi/ be=e & aft] life's appe>ance1 are ev]la/+ & inde/ructible4 ,_! exi/5ce is assur$1 & implies no /ruggle4 ,!y are et]nal1 organic life comp>$ ) !m is mom5t>y4 ,! portion1 !n1 ( ! cosmic process :i* c be spok5 ( z good is inf9itesimal comp>$ ) ! :ole4 ,save = ! brief mom5t dur+ :i* organic life exi/s1 x is z illusory to speak ( ! cosmic process z good z x is to apply ! t]m to ! ,unkn[able4 ,b if s mu* ( our optimi/ic int]pretation ( evolution has prov$ to be an illusion :i* consi/s 9 ! simple fallacy ( us+ ! ^w good 9 connections 9 :i* x has no mean+1 c we hope to rescue ! v small fragm5t t rema9s8 ,p]haps we may argue1 t s9ce t is good :i* conduces to human exi/5ce1 ! :ole ( ! cosmic process up to n[1 hav+ pav$ ! way & prep>$ ! e>? = man1 mu/ be good4 ,?us at "o /roke we seem to rega9 half at lea/ ( ! t]ritory we h lo/4 ,b x is only seem+1 once m illusion1 = ! cosmic process :i* has prep>$ ! e>? = man's exi/5ce has also prep>$ x = 8 de/ruction3 8 good1 8 exi/5ce1 & 8 de/ruction are equally indiff]5t to x4 ,?is conclusion is confirm$ by ! reflection t to reg>d ! cosmic process z giv+ any consid]ation to man w\ld be to ascribe purpose1 consci\sness1 a k ( good & evil1 & a pref]5ce = good1 to ! ,unkn[able ( :i* ! cosmic process is ! cont9u\s manife/ation4 ,x is !re=e m]e illusion to imag9e t evolution necess>ily t5ds to good3 x is absolutely indiff]5t to x4 ,& z we mu/ judge ( ! p>ts by ! :ole1 we mu/ conclude t human evolution foll[s ! same laws z evolution 9 g5]al4 ,! /eps 9 human evolution1 l ^? 9 evolution at l>ge1 are n progress1 are n *anges work+ to a good end1 b m]ely *anges4 ,evolution is n progress1 b m]e *ange1 z f> z good & evil are conc]n$1 a m]e m>k+ ( "t1 or at mo/ a s]ies ( movem5ts 9 :i* advance & retreat cancel ea* o!r 9 ! long-run4 ,at ! same "t1 ! evolution !ory enables u to see pla9ly a cause at "w :i* w\ld inevitably produce 9 human m9ds ! illusion t exi/5ce is good4 ,j z any species ( animals :i* f\nd a pleasure 9 actions ultimately entail+ ! de/ruction ( ! species w\ld be condemn$ to ext9ction1 s too only ^? v>ieties ( ! g5us homo c\ld survive 9 :om ! conviction ( ! goodness & desirability ( exi/5ce 0 /rong en\gh to call =? ! activities on :i* exi/5ce 0 dep5d5t4 ,! optimi/ic int]pretation ( evolution is bas$ on ! /ruggle = life !ory t exi/5ce sums up ! good = :i* man /ruggles2 & we h s\ght to %[ t ! optimism :i* is bas$ on ?is assumption mu/ result 9 ! conclusion t progress is an illusion4 ,"s read]s1 h[ev]1 may hold t m]e exi/5ce is n ! only good t man is capable ( /ruggl+ =4 ,,iii4 ,,pessimism ,! prospect ( atta9+ untr\bl$ happ9ess1 or ( a /ate :i* c1 ev5 remotely1 des]ve ! title ( p]fection1 appe>s to me to be z mislead+ an illusion z ev] 0 dangl$ be=e ! eyes ( poor humanity4 ,& !re h be5 _m ( !m4#a ,! !ory :i* sees 9 evolution no?+ b ! r$i/ribution ( matt] & motion leads to an optimi/ic view ( ?+s :i* on exam9ation proves to be a mislead+ illusion4 ,f illusion to pessimism is b a /ep4 ,! facts on :i* ! !ory ( organic evolution is bas$ are two4 ,! fir/ is t no two individuals ( any species are born exactly alike2 & t ( two diff]5t individuals "o mu/ be sup]ior to ! o!r1 i4e4 bett] fitt$ to survive "u ! conditions !n & !re prevail+4 ,! next is t p>5ts transmit _! qualities to (fspr+2 & ! sup]iority ( sup]ior p>5ts is ?us transmitt$ & accumulat$ f g5]ation to g5]ation4 ,organic evolution1 !re=e1 consi/s 9 m & m p]fect adaptation ( ! organism to ! environm5t4 ,& ?is adaptation is effect$ by ! physical de/ruction ( ^? creatures :i* are weakly & n adapt$ to cope ) ! environm5t4 ,accord+ to ! !ory t evolution is progress1 ! progress or evolution ( humanity obeys ! same laws1 is impell$ by ! same =ces1 & foll[s ! same l9e z ! evolution ( organisms 9 g5]al2 & consi/s accord+ly 9 increas+ adaptation to ! environm5t4 ,imp]fect adaptation manife/s itself :5ev] a man's impulses or desires move him to p]=m acts :i* are imm$iately or ev5tually prejudicial to 8 own or to society's exi/5ce4 ,adaptation w be p]fect :5 all acts :i* are necess>y = ! exi/5ce ( ! individual & ( ! society are pleasant 9 !mselves--:5 n only go+ to ! d5ti/'s w be a duty1 b ! extraction w be a pleasure desir$ = its own sake4 ,?\gh ,mr4 ,huxley ma9ta9$ t x 0 a mislead+ illusion to lead p to expect any su* /ate ( untr\bl$ happ9ess1 he 0 f> f d5y+ t progress has be5 made 9 ! pa/ by man1 or f despair+ ( fur!r progress 9 ! future4 ,b progress does n1 accord+ to him1 consi/ 9 adaptation to environm5t2 x is n effect$ by means ( ! /ruggle = exi/5ce2 x nei!r obeys ! same laws1 nor is impell$ by ! same =ces1 nor foll[s ! same l9es z organic evolution 9 g5]al4 ,nor does x consi/ 9 ! sub/itution ( p]sonal pleasure = a s5se ( duty z ! motive ( action3 on ! contr>y1 x consi/s 9 a full] & full] recognition ( ! claims ( o!rs4 ,! idea t evolution means progress1 & by its v nature necess>ily results 9 p]fection1 owes mu* ( its popul>ity to ! fallaci\s int]pretation giv5 to ! phrase survival ( ! fitte/4 ,9 any sci5tific use ( ! phrase1 fitte/ simply means fitte/ to survive4 ,b 9 popul> usage x is suppos$ to mean ideally or e?ically be/4 ,b ! fitte/ to survive are n necess>ily ! ideally be/3 !y are1 sci5tifically speak+1 simply ^? be/ adapt$ to ! circum/ances & conditions "u :i* !y live4 ,& ! circum/ances & conditions1 ! environm5t1 may or may n be fav\rable to ! survival ( ! e?ically or /hetically be/3 !y may be fav\rable to ! gr[? ( we$s & to ! de/ruction ( beautiful fl[]s1 9 :i* case ! cosmic process w wipe out ! beautiful fl[]s1 & ! movem5t ( evolution w be /hetically retrogressive1 n progressive4 ,adaptation to environm5t1 !re=e1 is no indication or te/ ( progress1 or ( :at is good or "r or true or beautiful4 ,ev]y?+ t exi/s is %[n1 by ! m]e fact ( its exi/5ce1 to be adapt$ to its environm5t4 ,if1 !re=e1 su* adaptation is evid5ce t ! ?+ is ideally satisfactory1 x w foll[ t :atev] is1 is "r4 ,at ! same "t1 our conception ( "r & good w be empti$ ( all mean+3 a "r or good ?+ w simply mean a ?+ :i* exi/s4 ,! epi!ts w simply pr$icate exi/5ce1 n a quality2 & consequ5tly we %all h to call ! successful villa9 & ! prosp]\s traitor good1 & _! me?ods "r4 ,!y h adapt$ !mselves to _! conditions1 & h fl\ri%$ 9 consequ5ce4 ,adaptation to environm5t c\ld only mean progress provid$ t ! environm5t 0 uni=mly su* z to fav\r ! survival ( ^? alone :o 7 ideally fit to survive4 ,b x is n3 in/ances are n uncommon 9 :i* organisms1 hav+ atta9$ to a c]ta9 degree ( complexity & het]og5eity ( /ructure1 subsequ5tly1 z a consequ5ce ( adapt+ !mselves to _! environm5t1 lose x & rev]t to an e>li] /age ( developm5t1 relatively simple1 homog5e\s1 & /ructureless4 ,su* rev]sion or regressive metamorphosis is z mu* a "p ( ! organism's evolution z its previ\s progressive metamorphosis2 & progress & regress bo? are equally ! result ( adaptation to environm5t4 ,fur!r1 ?\gh rev]sion & regress may n[ be only occasional1 x is c]ta9 t z ! e>? cools d[n !y mu/ become univ]sal3 ! alt]$ conditions ( temp]ature1 etc41 w all[ only ! l[] =ms ( life to survive1 & w ev5tually ext+ui% ev5 !m4 ,z reg>ds organic evolution 9 g5]al1 !n1 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce & ! action ( ! environm5t d n necess>ily t5d to result 9 progress4 ,z reg>ds ! evolution ( man 9 p>ticul>1 ,mr4 ,huxley w5t fur!r & ma9ta9$ t !y 7 absolutely inimical to human progress1 :i* has be5 effect$1 n because1 b 9 spite ( !m1 & is ! result n ( obey+ ! cosmic process1 b ( defy+ x4 ,! qualities :i* br\ght success 9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce to man z an animal 7 rapacity1 gre$1 selfi%ness1 & an absolute & cruel indiff]5ce to ! wants & suff]+s ( o!rs4 ,on ! gratification1 at all co/ to o!rs1 ( 8 animal desires1 8 animal exi/5ce dep5d$3 x 0 ! ape & tig] )9 him t made him victor 9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce2 x 0 ! environm5t t impos$ ?is z ! condition ( success4 ,! qualities :i* make man a human be+ are t5d]ness1 pity1 m]cy1 compassion1 self-sacrifice1 & love4 ,x is 9 _! gr[?--! e?ical process--t human progress consi/s1 & n 9 ! ru?lessness by :i* ! cosmic process effects ! evolution ( o!r organisms4 ,^! qualities--human & humane--d n make = success 9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce4 ,!y are n adapt$ to ! environm5t provid$ by ,nature4 ,_! own]s 7 n ! fitte/ to survive1 & consequ5tly paid ! p5alty--physical de/ruction--z f> z ! cosmic process c\ld exact x4 ,if ! /ruggle = exi/5ce & ! action ( ! environm5t h n succe$$ 9 keep+ man d[n to ! level ( ! brute1 x is because man has delib]ately set himself to oppose ! cosmic process & ! bl9d =ces1 kn[+ no?+ ( "r & wrong1 pity or love1 by :i* x effects ! evolution ( ! brute4 ,! /ruggle = exi/5ce is fatal to ! developm5t ( ! qualities :i* are peculi>ly *>act]i/ic ( humanity1 & man accord+ly has susp5d$ ! /ruggle = exi/5ce4 ,9 place ( w>r+ ) 8 fell[-man1 he has begun to co-op]ate ) him4 ,he has le>nt to "s ext5t to po/pone ! gratification ( 8 own wants to ! satisfaction ( ^? ( o!rs4 ,he no long] de/roys ! weakly1 ! sick1 ! helpless1 ! useless1 or ev5 ! crim9al2 &1 if ! environm5t ?reat5 _! de/ruction1 he sets to "w to alt] ! environm5t4 ,man no long] seeks to conqu] ,nature by obey+ h]3 he /udies h] =ces 9 ord] to comm& !m to 8 w4 ,adaptation to environm5t is ! implem5t by :i* %e %apes human evolution to ends t are n 8 ends2 he wre/s ! weapon f h] h&s1 & by adaptation ( ! environm5t undoes h] "w1 fo/]s ! gr[? ( ^? qualities :i* t5d t[>ds 8 ideal1 & does away ) ! conditions :i* h>b\r ignorance & error1 selfi%ness & s94 ,human progress1 !n1 consi/s 9 p]petual approximation to ! ideals ( *>ity1 love1 & self-sacrifice4 ,life is exhibit$ z a /ruggle aga9/ evil1 aga9/ ! ape & tig] )9 u :i* we inh]it f our ance/or--! brute4 ,! evil is real1 ! /ruggle is h>d b wor?y1 & n ! less wor?y because x is n direct$ to our p]sonal happ9ess & gratification4 ,! practice ( self-re/ra9t & r5unciation is n happ9ess1 ?\gh x may be some?+ mu* bett]4#b ,?us f> ?is criticism ( life1 ?\gh /]n1 is n pessimi/ic4 ,on ! contr>y1 9 x man seems to h recov]$ ! fre$om ( action & ! p[] ( indep5d5t judgm5t :i*1 z ! m]e product ( ! cosmic process1 he c\ld n enjoy accord+ to ! optimi/ic !ory4 ,if life is a /ruggle1 at any rate man c fight ! good fight1 if he w2 & he c judge = himself :i* is ! high]1 ! adaptation to environm5t :i* puts man on a level ) ! ape & tig]1 or ! adaptation ( environm5t :i*1 = ! sake ( 8 ideals1 sets him 9 conflict ) ! cosmic process4 ,x is :5 we proce$ to conjecture ! issue ( ! /ruggle1 z ?us /at$1 t pessimism beg9s to invade u4 ,h[ev] valiantly man may fight1 :atev] tempor>y victories he may ga9 "h or !re1 8 defeat 9 ! end is inevitable3 ! same cosmic =ces :i*1 work+ ?r\gh him1 h won him 8 trifl+ victories h preorda9$ 8 ultimate de/ruction4 ,z f> z x is possible = sci5ce to =eca/ ! future1 x is c]ta9 t 9 ! end man w fall a victim to 8 environm5t1 & jo9 ! o!r ext9ct fauna ( ! e>?4 ,) him ! e?ical process ceases2 ) him p]i% ! hopes1 ! aspirations1 & ! ideals = :i* he /rove z be+ ( great] wor? ?an aught t evolution1 ! r$i/ribution ( matt] & motion1 c\ld (f] or produce4 ,if ?is 7 all1 ! picture w\ld be suffici5tly gloomy3 man alone 9 ! univ]se1 surr\nd$ by =ces :i* act )\t reg>d to good or evil1 )\t sympa?y or he$ = "r or wrong1 inde$1 ) ! effect ( imp>tially ext+ui%+ bo? 9 ! end4 ,b x is n all4 ,z ! conditions gr[ m & m unfav\rable to man's exi/5ce ^u e>?1 z ! m>g9 ( ! means ( subsi/5ce contracts1 & ! pres5ce ( univ]sal want increases1 ! ape & tig] 9 man w beg9 to ass]t !mselves once m4 ,9 ! face ( />vation1 ! in/9ct ( self-pres]vation w become imp]i\s4 ,once m1 z 9 ! e>lie/ days1 man w live by rapacity1 cruelty1 & selfi%ness alone4 ,be=e man yields possession ( ! e>? to ! brutes1 he w himself rev]t to bruti%ness4 ,! puny b>ri]s beh9d :i* man has = a mom5t %elt]$ himself f ! action ( ! cosmic process1 & nurs$ ! feeble flame ( ^? aspirations aft] high] ?+s :i* di/+ui% him f ! brute1 mu/ inevitably be swept away by ! re/less & rel5tless tide ( ins5ti5t matt]1 p]petually r$i/ribut$ by aimless motion1 :i* con/itutes ! cosmic process4 ,! pity ( x is t ! process ( evolution %\ld require n m]ely man's physical de/ruction1 b 8 moral de/ruction also2 t ! ru9 ( 8 body %\ld be prec$$ by ! ru9 ( 8 s\l2 t 9 8 regressive metamorphosis he %\ld be compell$1 by ! /ruggle = exi/5ce & ! in/9ct ( self-pres]vation1 to play ! traitor to "o aft] ano!r ( 8 ideals ( t5d]ness1 ( pity1 & ( love4 ,! fitte/ to survive w be ^? :o are mo/ completely adapt$ to ! alt]$ environm5t1 :o are resolv$ to succe$ 9 a /ruggle = exi/5ce 9 :i* success c be obta9$ by bruti%ness alone4 ,! lea/ fitt$ to ! new conditions1 & ! fir/ to p]i% !re=e1 w be ^? ) :om self does n come fir/4 ,) _! de/ruction ! competition betwe5 _! less scrupul\s survivors w become fi]c] & /ill m cruel4 ,& ?is process w be repeat$ aga9 & aga91 ea* g5]ation transmitt+ cunn+ & cruelty int5sifi$ to ! next4 ,our great cities already bre$ m5 degrad$ bel[ ! level ( ! l[e/ savages kn[n to u1 b ev5 !y c give u b little idea ( :at ! /ruggle = exi/5ce w yet produce f ! ru9s ( civilisation 9 ! c\rse ( ! ,evolution ( ,inhumanity4 ,:ile proclaim+ t ! e?ical process is 9 opposition to ! pr9ciple ( ! cosmic process1 & t5ds to ! suppression ( ! qualities be/ fitt$ = success 9 t /ruggle1 & t at ! be/ ! e?ical process c ma9ta9 itself only = a relatively %ort "t1 until ! evolution ( our globe %all h ent]$ s f> ^u its d[nw>d c\rse t ! cosmic process resumes its sway2 &1 once m1 ! ,/ate ( ,nature prevails ov] ! surface ( our planet1 ,mr4 ,huxley held t our duty lay n 9 imitat+ ! cosmic process1 /ill less 9 runn+ away f x1 b 9 combat+ x4#c ,cosmic nature is no s*ool ( virtue1 b ! headqu>t]s ( ! enemy ( e?ical nature1 & ?\gh we "k t ! enemy's triumph mu/ be complete1 t ! defeat ( ! good cause is preorda9$1 t we & ours mu/ be annihilat$1 we mu/ rema9 at our po/s1 fight+ to ! end )\t hope4 ,x seems1 !n1 t man possesses two k9ds ( k3 he kn[s to "s ext5t :at is1 & to "s ext5t he kn[s :at ought to be4 ,& bo? k9ds ( k are equally valid4 ,he judges t a ?+ is1 & he judges also t a ?+ ought to be4 ,bo? judgm5ts are equally true1 b app>5tly bo? are n equally f9al1 = if man judges t :at is1 ought n to be1 he is impell$ to alt] :at is1 s t 9 ! end ! ?+ t ought to be is also ! ?+ t is4 ,! judgm5t ( :at ought to be1 ! ideal1 is ?us prov$1 or r made1 to be ! f9ally correct "o4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if man is defeat$ 9 8 attempts to adju/ ! ?+s t are to 8 judgm5t ( :at !y ought to be1 he does n acquiesce 9 8 defeat2 he refuses to accept ! result z f9al2 ! end ( ! matt] is n !re2 ?+s are n :at he /rove to make !m1 b !y ought to be4 ,:at is has no?+ to d ) :at ought to be4 ,b :at ought to be may make a good deal ( diff]5ce to :at is4 ,! e?ical process1 9 its conflict ) ! cosmic process1 may n 9 ! end prove victori\s2 b t makes no diff]5ce to ! fact t x ought to be victori\s4 ,x is ?is deep-seat$ conviction :i* made ,mr4 ,huxley say t we mu/ decl>e w> to ! la/ aga9/ cosmic nature1 ! headqu>t]s ( ! enemy ( e?ical nature4 ,! victory ( ! enemy may be c]ta91 b x w none ! less be wrong2 x may be p]man5t1 b z long z x la/s x w be wrong4 ,if matt] & motion are et]nal & inde/ructible1 morality is equally ev]la/+ & immutable4 ,unless ?is is s1 unless ! triumph ( ! cosmic process is wrong1 once & always1 :y are we call$ ^u to endure sorr[ & pa9 & suff]+ r ?an submit to x8 ,our judgm5t t x is wrong is z indep5d5t ( "t z is our judgm5t t p>ticles ( matt] gravitate t[>ds "o ano!r4 ,we h no reason = believ+ t ! latt] w cont9ue to be true = a long] "t ?an ! =m]4 ,inde$1 if matt] & motion1 hav+ a*iev$ _! victory ov] ! e?ical process1 7 !n & !re to be annihilat$1 _! victory w\ld cont9ue to be wrong1 ?\gh !y _h ceas$ to be4 ,"r may triumph or wrong may triumph1 b "r is "r & wrong is wrong = ev]more4 ,x is va9 to tell u 9 ! same brea? t we mu/ /ake our all ^u our moral judgm5ts & t our moral judgm5ts are n to be reli$ on4 ,e impea*m5t ( _! validity is an invitation to u to give up ! /ruggle aga9/ ! enemy ( e?ical nature4 ,& if we are really resolv$ to fight ! good fight & quit ourselves l m51 we !reby affirm t our moral judgm5ts are at lea/ z valid z our judgm5ts on matt]s ( fact1 & t1 if our k ( :at is is true objectively1 our k ( :at ought to be has 9 x at lea/ an equal elem5t ( objective tru?4 ,if1 !n1 ! cosmic process is real & objective1 9 s f> z x is a p]petual manife/ation ( ! ,unkn[n ,reality :i* und]lies all ?+s1 !n ! e?ical process1 hav+ ! same reality & objectivity1 is also a manife/ation ( ! ,unkn[able4 ,! p]petual r$i/ribution ( matt] & motion is n ! only way 9 :i* ! ,unkn[able manife/s itself to m53 x also gives a %ape to itself 9 ! =m ( ! highe/ & pure/ aspirations ( :i* man is consci\s )9 himself4 ,x might seem1 !re=e1 at fir/ sight z ?\gh a m]e dispassionate consid]ation ( ! actual facts ( life1 q ap>t f any religi\s presuppositions or presumptions1 =c$ u at la/ into ! pres5ce ( a ,god1 ! s\rce & au?or ( all goodness4 ,b1 9 ! fir/ place1 ^? :o hold to ! dogma ( ,agno/icism1 t :at und]lies ?+s z !y are kn[n to u is ! ,unkn[able1 _c admit t we "k or c f9d out :e!r ! ,unkn[able is good or bad4 ,induction1 ! logical me?od to :i* sci5ce owes s _m ( its discov]ies1 & by :i* we proce$ f ! kn[n to ! unkn[n1 does n avail u "h4 ,no logical me?od c\ld discov] :at is n m]ely unkn[n1 b absolutely unkn[able4 ,9 ! next place x is reasonable en\gh t ^? :o beg9 by believ+ 9 a ,div9e ,provid5ce %\ld also believe t "r w triumph 9 ! end1 if n 9 ! _w z x is manife/$ to u n[ & "h1 9 space & "t1 !n 9 t real _w1 t k+dom ( heav51 ( :i* ?is _w is b an imp]fect manife/ation1 or to :i* x is b a di/ant & sl[ly mov+ approximation4 ,= ^?1 h[ev]1 :o refuse to assume ! reality ( a ,div9e ,provid5ce ! case is diff]5t4 ,!y base !mselves on facts ( exp]i5ce3 !y obs]ve t to "s small ext5t :at ought to be t5ds to sub/itute itself = :at is1 ?anks to ! action ( man exclusively1 & n to any inh]5t t5d5cy to good 9 cosmic nature1 b r 9 spite ( ! resi/ance to good caus$ by ! necess>y action ( ! me*anical laws ( nature4 ,f _! obs]vation ( ! conditions "u :i* man has succe$$ 9 modify+ :at is into :at ought to be1 !y =eca/ ! ext5t to :i* t process may be c>ri$ 9 ! future2 & _! conclusion is t ! process is doom$ to ev5tual failure1 is doom$ n m]ely to cease1 b to give way to a process 9 ! opposite direction1 by :i* :at ought to be w be displac$ by :at ought n1 by :i* e?ical nature w succumb to cosmic nature4 ,n[1 if !re be no ,god1 or if be+ ,unkn[able ,he mu/ be elim9at$ f our words1 ?\ghts1 & de$s z a negligible & useless quantity = rational purposes1 x is a natural en\gh conclusion t "r mu/ ev5tually succumb to wrong4 ,x is b a reass]tion ( ! famili> !sis t )\t religion morality _c p]man5tly be ma9ta9$4 ,on ?is occasion1 h[ev]1 ! !sis is advanc$ n z a piece ( religi\s prejudice or !ological insol5ce1 b z ! tea*+ ( sci5ce & ! inevitable outcome ( evolution4 ,,footnotes3 #a ,,huxley1 ,evolution & ,e?ics1 p4 #dd4 #b ,,huxley1 ,evolution & ,e?ics1 p4 #dd4 #c ,evolution & ,e?ics1 pp4 #ca1 #de1 #hc4 ,,iv4 ,,idealism ,! bitt]ness ( ,pessimism1 or r ( ! pessimi/ic int]pretation ( evolution sket*$ 9 our la/ *apt]1 lies 9 ! discov]y t :at we value mo/1 :at we1 9 our be/ mom5ts1 prize mo/ highly1 :at we hold de>e/ to u1 is a matt] ( indiff]5ce to ! cosmos4 ,t !re %\ld be any p[] great] ?an t ( ,"r1 t all goodness %\ld 9 ! end = ev] be conf\nd$1 is incr$ible 9 ! same way t ! greate/ losses 9 life are incr$ible 9 ! fir/ mom5t ( %ock 9 spite ( ! und5iable facts t %[ !m to be real4 ,b :]eas ^? losses are b p]sonal1 & possibly our regrets selfi%1 ?is loss is m ?an p]sonal1 & ! regret n m]ely selfi%4 ,x is n m]ely t we p]sonally h held a mi/ak5 op9ion1 or t any self-sacrifice--mis]ably small & unwor?y 9 ! retrospect--t we h made has be5 made = a los+ cause4 ,x is t ap>t f our p]sonal %>e 9 ! matt]1 :i* rat$ at its true value is z naught1 ! ?+ is wrong2 x ought n to be4 ,( t we are j z c]ta9 z t our pa/ life has n be5 :at x ought to h be51 :at x might h be54 ,! pa/ is pa/ beyond recall1 b = ! future hi!rto !re has be5 hope & fai?1 fai? t :at ought to be may be1 ev5 = u1 hope t x w be s4 ,b n[1 9 place ( hope & fai?1 we h ! sci5tific c]ta9ty t ! future ( humanity is devot$ to ! triumph ( ! ?+ t ought n to be4 ,! only consolation left to u is ! inext+ui%able1 ! unconqu]able conviction t "r is "r ev5 ?\gh x %\ld n prevail4 ,to ?is conviction we mu/ hold1 ?\gh ! heav5s %\ld fall4 ,to x we mu/ hold1 ?\gh x br+1 z br+ x mu/1 accord+ to ,mr4 ,huxley1 sorr[ & pa9 & ! r5unciation ( our own happ9ess4 ,^! are h>d say+s4 ,b !re is a yet h>d] to be add$ to !m4 ,ev5 ?\gh x %\ld involve ! r5unciation ( our intellectual sup]iority to o!r p1 we mu/ hold to our conviction4 ,if we are 9 e>ne/ ab\t our moral convictions1 we %all reject any sugge/ion t !y are n aft] all really true1 ev5 if t sugge/ion seems to af=d ! only way ( escap+ f ! conclusion t fai? 9 religion has ! same basis 9 reason z fai? 9 sci5ce4 ,9 proclaim+ our conviction t "r is "r1 we affirm & int5d to affirm t x is s n z a matt] ( op9ion1 b z a matt] ( fact4 ,9 ! same way1 an e/abli%$ sci5tific tru? is n "o ( ^? matt]s ab\t :i* reasonable p]sons1 :o are compet5t to judge1 may reasonably hold diff]5t op9ions3 x is n a matt] ( op9ion1 b a matt] ( fact4 ,inde$1 bo? k9ds ( tru?1 moral tru?s & sci5tific tru?s1 are q indep5d5t ( individual & p]sonal op9ion4 ,!re are p 9 ^: op9ion ! e>? is flat2 b ! e>? is n flat1 nor c _! op9ion alt] ! fact4 ,!re 0 a "t :5 all ! laws ( nature 7 unkn[n to man or misconceiv$ by him2 b !y op]at$ z usual1 q unaffect$ by 8 ideas4 ,s !re are p :o consid] successful rogu]y ideal1 & :o w\ld make a =tune by promot+ fraudul5t companies1 if !y c\ld2 b hone/y rema9s a duty1 9 spite ( _! ideas4 ,"r is "r1 ev5 ?\gh !re be brutes 9 human =m2 & "r 0 "r1 ev5 :5 ! ape & tig] rul$ 9 man1 & ev5 ?\gh !y 7 f9e fell[s1 9 _! own op9ion4 ,cruelty & selfi%ness nev] 7 "r at any "t1 & nev] w be4 ,! laws ( morality1 l ! laws ( sci5ce1 are objectively true3 !y d n v>y ) ! op9ions m5 ent]ta9 ab\t !m2 ! e>?1 = in/ance1 did n move or cease to move r\nd ! sun accord+ z m5 imag9$ ,galileo to be "r or wrong1 nor has "r ceas$ to be "r ev5 :5 ! _w has be5 mo/ deprav$4 ,a moral judgm5t1 !n1 l a sci5tific judgm5t1 is objective1 n subjective2 x is n ! expression ( a m]e op9ion1 b ! /atem5t ( a fact :i* has an exi/5ce indep5d5t ( man4 ,if n[ we ask :at sort ( an exi/5ce x has1 x is cle> t :at is & :at ought to be h n 9 all cases ! same k9d ( exi/5ce3 ! ?+ :i* is may sometimes also be ! ?+ t ought to be1 b (t5 x is n4 ,n[1 :5 ! latt] is ! case1 :5 a ?+ is felt to be a cry+ evil1 a f\l inju/ice t calls = rem$y1 9 :at s5se does ! ju/ice exi/ on :i* we call to drive out ! inju/ice8 ,! ?+ :i* ought n to be exi/s1 & is 9 possession4 ,! ?+ :i* ought to be delays its com+4 ,%all we say1 !n1 t1 :ile t is s1 x exi/s inde$1 b exi/s z an ideal1 z some?+ :i* we "k ought to be & are resolv$ %all be8 ,t x mu/ pres5t itself to "s m9d or o!r z an object ( desire1 & z a possibility capable ( fulfilm5t1 is c]ta94 ,t x does s pres5t itself to man is :at we mean :5 we attribute to him ! p[] ( moral judgm5t & moral action4 ,b :5 we speak ( man's moral judgm5ts z be+ objectively true1 we imply t !y exi/ n m]ely 9 8 m9d1 b also else:]e4 ,b ideals c only exi/ 9 a m9d2 judgm5ts c be pron\nc$ only by a judge4 ,:51 !re=e1 we affirm t 9 objectivity & validity our moral judgm5ts are on a p> ) our sci5tific judgm5ts1 & t our k ( :at ought to be is z real & true z our k ( :at is1 t ! exi/5ce ( e?ical nature1 ) its dem&s ^u our reason1 is a fact z indisputable z ! exi/5ce ( cosmic nature1 we are implicitly affirm+ also ! exi/5ce ( a m9d1 o!r ?an human1 f ^: moral judgm5ts ! laws ( morality d]ive _! validity2 & z ^? laws are et]nal & immutable1 z "r is "r always & f et]nity to et]nity1 s mu/ be ! m9d 9 :i* !y are & f :i* !y proce$4 ,to say t ! ideal is real s\nds p>adoxical4 ,x seems l say+ t to h ! idea ( a %ill+ is ! same ?+ z possess+ a %ill+4 ,t is a pat5t absurdity1 b no "o w ma9ta9 t x is an absurdity to say t we ought to try to be bett] ?an we are4 ,on ! contr>y1 ev]yone w admit t x is a tru?1 & a tru? ( ! highe/ importance1 ( great] value & great] significance = our highe/ int]e/s ?an1 say1 ! law ( gravitation1 or any /atem5t z to ! ways 9 :i* matt] & motion are r$i/ribut$4 ,:5 ! desire to am5d our life is /rong ^u u1 :5 we are mo/ consci\s ( ! heavy diff]5ce betwe5 actual am5dm5t & am5dm5t 9 idea alone1 !n we are mo/ c]ta9 ( ! reality ( ! moral ideal z a fact1 bo? ( imm$iate consci\sness at ! mom5t & ( p]man5t significance = u & = all m54 ,to say t our moral convictions correspond to no real facts is simply to d5y to !m any validity at all4 ,to say t ! facts to :i* !y correspond are real1 b are purely subjective1 be+ b moods1 & (t5 pass+ moods1 ( ! individual1 is m]ely to say t our moral convictions are illusions & "r-do+ only fancy4 ,nor d we m5d matt]s if we add t all m5 are m or less subject to ^! moods1 t "r & wrong are purely human in/itutions2 = if _! value 9 ! individual is naught1 _! exi/5ce 9 ! multitude does b add to ciph]s ciph]s4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if ! moral ideal is no figm5t ( man's imag9ation1 if its exi/5ce does n come & g ) 8 fitful moral /ruggles1 !n its p]man5t abode1 ! c5tre f :i* x manife/s itself1 mu/ be 9 "s p]man5t intellig5ce at ! c5tre ( ?+s4 ,! ,pessimi/ic int]pretation ( evolution sugge/s ano!r way ( rea*+ ! same conclusion4 ,t =m ( ,pessimism repres5ts cosmic nature z indiff]5t1 if n ho/ile1 to e?ical nature2 ! =m] by its law ( ! /ruggle = exi/5ce fav\rs ! survival ( ! /ronge/ & ! mo/ selfi%2 ! latt] ) its moral laws /rives to susp5d ! /ruggle = exi/5ce1 & to defeat ! selfi%ness :i* ! =m] seeks to p]petuate & ext5d4 ,human evolution is 9 its ess5ce ! /ruggle ( man z a moral be+ aga9/ nature z non-moral or anti-moral2 & ! curve trac$ by human evolution is ! resultant ( ! opposition ( ! two =ces--! microcosm1 man1 & ! macrocosm1 nature4 ,dur+ ! fir/ "p ( its c\rse ! l9e ( human evolution rises1 b dur+ ! latt] "p x is doom$ to fall2 & ! curve w be complet$ :5 man1 hav+ trav]s$ e /age ( moral degradation1 is m]g$ once m 9 ! brute matt] to :i* orig9ally he ow$ 8 be+4 ,aga9/ ?is victory ( cosmic nature man1 z a moral be+1 prote/s & fights4 ,he prote/s t x is wrong--wrong1 n because x br+s him m pa9 ?an pleasure1 = "r-do+ also may h t result1 b wrong )\t reg>d to 8 feel+s1 s t any imp>tial spectator :o witness$ ! /ruggle w\ld condemn & regret ! issue4 ,if ?is is n s1 if ! condemnation is ! expression m]ely ( human prejudice1 !n !re is no?+ 9 ! defeat ( e?ical nature or 9 ! victory ( its enemy1 cosmic nature1 really to regret2 ! diff]5ce betwe5 "r & wrong is n an absolute or real di/9ction1 correspond+ to real facts1 & ! victory ( cosmic nature1 ev5 if x runs c\nt] to man's prejudices1 is n !reby %[n to be really wrong1 ?\gh man naturally is "u ! illusion t x is4 ,! co>se & immoral piece ( vulg>ity :i* condones an act ( wrong-do+ on ! gr\nd t x w be all ! same a hundr$ ye>s h5ce1 is1 ) an ext5sion ( "t1 z applicable to ! race g5]ally z to ! individual 9 p>ticul>4 ,9 a million1 or a billion1 ye>s h5ce x w1 accord+ to ! pessimi/ic int]pretation ( evolution1 be all ! same3 matt] & motion w alone exi/1 completely indiff]5t to "r & wrong4 ,:at does x matt]1 !n1 :e!r we d "r or wrong8 ,ultimately1 x w make no diff]5ce3 ! di/9ction betwe5 "r & wrong is n "o ( p]man5t value1 or bas$ on any la/+ diff]5ce 9 ?+s4 ,nor is x /range t a cause :i* is bas$ on an illusion %\ld be doom$ to defeat4 ,:at is /range is t anyone %\ld invite u to r5\nce happ9ess = su* an unmean+ /ruggle4 ,! only reply to su* loose talk is t x does matt]1 "h & n[1 always & to all "t1 t "r %\ld triumph ov] wrong4 ,x w n d to say t x matt]s n[1 b w n matt] h]eaft]1 =1 if x is ( no importance !n1 nei!r is x ( any importance n[4 ,b if "r-do+ is ! mo/ important ?+ 9 ! _w1 m important ?an happ9ess1 m important to all "t ev5 ?an ! p]petual r$i/ribution ( matt] & motion1 to :om is x important8 ,n exclusively1 nor ev5 prim>ily1 to ourselves2 = ! ess5ce ( "r-do+ is ! attempt to put self away & =get x1 ! ye>n+ to be lift$ above p]sonal consid]ations & ?\ght ( self1 ! conviction t :il/ x matt]s all ! _w to me1 to d ! "r1 ! matt] does n end ) me4 ,! matt] is n ( m]ely p]sonal importance to me1 nor important simply because ,i *oose to ?9k x s4 ,its value & significance are appreh5d$--alas6 too r>ely--by me1 !y are n creat$ by me4 ,its significance & importance are real1 n fictiti\s2 t reality is n creat$ by man1 x is n a human prejudice1 b exi/s indep5d5t ( man & :at he ?9ks4 ,to matt] & motion1 ^? p]petual manife/ations ( ! ,p[] or ,reality :i* und]lies !m1 no?+ c h any mean+ or importance3 x is only to a m9d t ?+s c be significant or important4 ,if1 !n1 ! importance ( "r-do+ is real1 x is because x really matt]s to ! ,p[]1 :i* und]lies all ?+s1 t we %\ld d "r2 & t ,p[] mu/ be ( ! nature ( an intellig5ce1 = x is only a m9d :i* c ei!r appreh5d values or assign !m4 ,if ! microcosm1 man1 c pass a valid s5t5ce ( condemnation ^u ! macrocosm1 nature1 x is only because & s f> z 8 moral nature places him 9 direct communication ) ! he>t ( ?+s & gives him k ( ! w ( t ,p[] on :i* microcosm & macrocosm alike dep5d = _! exi/5ce4 ,if ! di/9ction betwe5 "r & wrong is "o by :i* man c correctly judge betwe5 himself & ! cosmos1 ! di/9ction & ! judgm5t mu/ proce$ f a s\rce sup]ior to bo?4 ,if x is n1 !n ! ,pessimi/ic int]pretation ( evolution falls to ! gr\nd1 because x is bas$ on ! assumption t its condemnation ( cosmic nature is a correct judgm5t4 ,n only does ,pessimism fall1 b ! elem5t ( tru? & reality :i* ,pessimism conta9s mu/ also be ab&on$2 if ! di/9ction betwe5 "r & wrong is n suffici5t = ! task put ^u x by ,pessimism1 nei!r is x suffici5t = u to build our lives on4 ,9 f9e1 ei!r ! ultimate defeat ( ! e?ical process matt]s1 or x does n4 ,if x does n1 :y suff] sorr[ & pa9 9 ! va9 endeav\r to /ave x (f8 ,if x does1 !n to :om8 ,no long] to man1 = he w h jo9$ ! ext9ct fauna4 ,!re=e to "s moral intellig5ce to :om ! triumph ( "r is a matt] ( importance4 ,f ?is dilemma ! only escape seems to be frankly to admit t a billion ye>s h5ce x w be all ! same1 b to d5y t1 because x w be all ! same !n1 x is a matt] ( indiff]5ce n[4 ,?is argum5t1 !n1 ma9ta9s t x w be all ! same ultimately1 & t x is an illusion to imag9e t :5 man is ext9ct x c possibly matt]4 ,"h & n[1 h[ev]1 & inde$ z long z mank9d cont9ues to exi/1 "r-do+ is ( ! highe/ conceivable importance to man1 m important ev5 ?an happ9ess4 ,b x is only z long z mank9d cont9ues to exi/ t x c cont9ue to be important3 its importance only exi/s 9 man's m9d1 & p]i%es ) x4 ,to say1 !re=e1 t ! ultimate defeat ( ! e?ical process w1 :5 e/abli%$1 be regrettable1 is only to say t if we1 or any o!r moral judge1 7 !re to see x1 we %\ld feel regret ab\t x2 b we _c possibly ma9ta9 t1 because a moral judge w\ld regret x1 if he 7 !re1 !re=e !re w be "o !re to regret x4 ,( c\rse1 x is possible t ! ,unkn[able may be a moral intellig5ce ( ?is k9d1 because ev]y?+ is possible ) reg>d to ! ,unkn[able4 ,b we c nei!r affirm nor d5y t or any?+ else ab\t ! ,unkn[able1 = !n ! ,unkn[able w\ld cease s f> to be unkn[able4 ,! cont5tion ( ?is argum5t1 !n1 is t = u m51 & 7z f> z we h any positive k7 = u m5 alone1 ! laws ( morality are real1 int5sely real2 b _! reality beg9s ) man & ends ) man4 ,to ?is cont5tion ! reply is t z reg>ds _! reality ! laws ( morality are on exactly ! same foot+ z ! laws ( sci5ce4 ,take ! !ory ( evolution = in/ance3 f sci5tific obs]vations ( :at is go+ on n[ x inf]s :at has be5 & :at w be1 x recon/ructs ! pa/ & =eca/s ! future2 x frames pictures ( ! globe z x 0 be=e man 0 evolv$2 x =ms conceptions ( ! e>? z x w be long aft] man is ext9ct4 ,^! conceptions & pictures1 h[ev]1 exi/ only 9 ! m9d ( man1 = ! future does n yet exi/ & ! pa/ has ceas$ to be4 ,t is to say1 evolution is an inf]5ce1 or r a mass ( inf]5ces1 :i* l all inf]5ces exi/ 9 ! m9d1 c\ld n h exi/$ be=e ! m9d1 & _c exi/ :5 ! m9d has ceas$ to be4 ,sci5ce1 be+ ! "w ( ! m9d 7= we _c say t x requires no intellig5ce71 is j man's notion ( :at has be51 is1 & w be1 9 ! same way t morality is man's conception ( :at ought to be4 ,if we say t :at ought to be w cease & become mean+less :5 man is ext9ct1 !n we mu/ say ! same ( :at has be51 is1 & w be4 ,if ! good1 ! noble1 ! "r1 are m]ely human ideas ( :at ought to be1 matt] & motion are m]ely human conceptions ( :at is4 ,if ! reality ( ! =m] is only to be f\nd 9 ! human m9d1 s is ! reality ( ! latt]4 ,if ! reality ( ! "o is to cease ) human exi/5ce1 s mu/ ! reality ( ! o!r4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if ei!r is to exi/ :5 mank9d is no m1 x is only 9 "s m9d t x c exi/4 ,x is only = a p]son t any?+ c be "r or good4 ,x is only a p]son t c see ! pa/ summ$ up or ! future conta9$ 9 ! pres5t4 ,if x is legitimate & logical to inf] t :at is w cont9ue to be aft] man's disappe>ance f ! e>?1 s x is to draw ! same inf]5ce ) reg>d to :at ought to be4 ,if sci5ce is true really1 & does n m]ely appe> s to man1 x mu/ be true = "s m9d o!r ?an human3 by an intellig5ce alone c tru? be appreh5d$1 or ! "r approv$4 ,b if tru? is limit$ to ! human m9d1 & ceases ) x1 !n evolution mu/ cease to be true :5 m5 cease to exi/4 ,nay1 9 t case x _c claim to be true at all1 or r does n claim to be true1 b only seem+4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if ! law ( gravity1 = in/ance1 0 true be=e man's appe>ance1 its tru? mu/ h dwelt 9 "s m9d4 ,if x 0 n true !n1 we h no bett] reason = believ+ x to be true n[4 ,9 f9e1 tru? & "r1 :at is & :at ought to be1 mu/ ei!r be dismiss$ z m]e human imag9+s1 or be accept$ z ev]la/+ facts ( an ,et]nal ,moral ,consci\sness4 ,%all we1 !n1 say t ! description :i* sci5ce gives ( ! con/itution & work+ ( ! univ]se is inde$ consi/5t & coh]5t en\gh ) itself1 & is a logical d$uction f its premises1 b to ass]t t x expresses or ev5 corresponds to any reality beyond itself is a /atem5t :i* we h no "r to make8 ,to take up ?is position is simply to ma9ta9 t sci5ce is consi/5t & logical1 b t we h no reason or "r to believe t x is true4 ,if our acc\nts are bas$ on imag9>y figures1 !y may be kept z /rictly z y please1 b !y w nev] %[ u our true position4 ,inde$1 if our premises are incorrect to />t )1 ! m logical our inf]5ces are1 ! m c]ta9 our conclusions are to be wrong4 ,%all we1 !n1 say t ! acc\nt :i* sci5ce gives ( ! cosmic process is n only consi/5t & logical1 b expresses or corresponds to a reality8 ,!n 9 t case ! cosmic process1 s f> z x is truly express$ by sci5ce1 is a logical process4 ,b x is only a m9d :i* c be logical or c g ?r\gh a logical process4 ,once m1 !re=e1 ! facts ( sci5ce z mu* z ! facts ( morality imply t ! real is an ,intellig5ce4 ,9 f9e1 ! tru? ( sci5ce & ! tru? ( morality are b\nd up toge!r & h ! same basis4 ,if ! "o is valid = facts beyond ! range ( human obs]vation1 s is ! o!r4 ,if ! "o implies a consci\sness o!r ?an human1 equally s does ! o!r4 ,x may be said t to reg>d ! rul+ pr9ciple ( ! cosmos z a moral ag5t is to commit ! an?ropomorphic fallacy4 ,:at1 !n1 %all we say ( sci5ce1 :i* is engag$ 9 demon/rat+ t ! cosmic process is always logical8 ,t sci5ce simply describes ! facts z !y are1 & t if !y are logical1 x is n h] fault8 ,!n ! pres5ce ( an intellig5ce o!r ?an human is reveal$ to sci5ce 9 ! facts2 & x is false to say t sci5ce m]ely imports h] own intellig5ce into !m4 ,9 ! same way1 ! pres5ce ( a moral p]sonality o!r ?an our own is reveal$ to u 9 ! facts ( consci5ce1 & n import$ into !m by u4 ,! pres5ce ( ! ,com=t] is "o ( ! facts appreh5d$ by ! religi\s consci\sness2 x is n m]ely ! religi\s man's way ( int]pret+ "s o!r fact4 ,f ?is conclusion ! only way ( escape is to say t an?ropomorphism is a fallacy1 & t x is a fallacy to :i* ! human m9d1 by its v con/itution1 is always & inevitably subject4 ,?is argum5t gets rid at "o bl[ ( all indications ( any intellig5ce or morality o!r ?an human4 ,b h[8 ,simply by begg+ ! "q1 by tacitly tak+ x = grant$ t !re is no o!r p]sonality ?an human p]sonality4 ,9 t case x is obvi\s1 inde$1 t man's p]petual discov]y ( p]sonal p[] 9 ! =ces ( nature1 ( m ?an human wisdom 9 nature's laws1 & ( m ?an human goodness 9 ! human he>t1 is & mu/ be fallaci\s4 ,b only on ! assumption t !re is no wisdom 9 ! _w b man's1 no love 9 all ! univ]se b 81 c we say t man reads into ! facts a wisdom & a love :i* are n !re4 ,are we1 !n1 prep>$ to say t1 9 giv+ u a logical acc\nt ( ! cosmic process1 sci5ce has--naturally & necess>ily inde$1 b none ! less completely--be5 mi/ak58 ,if ! sci5tific acc\nt corresponds to ! facts1 !n ! facts behave logically4 ,if x is ! an?ropomorphic fallacy to imag9e t ?+s c behave logically1 !n sci5ce's description ( ! facts mu/ be fallaci\s4 ,p]haps x w be s\ght to save sci5ce by say+ t sci5ce is an?ropomorphic1 b n fallaci\s4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 gives away ! :ole case3 x is an admission t1 9 int]pret+ ! cosmic process z a logical process1 sci5ce is simply recognis+1 & rightly recognis+1 ! logical "* ( ! facts--! an?ropomorphic int]pretation happ5s to be "r4 ,b we mu/ note t x is n "r because x is an?ropomorphic1 b an?ropomorphic because x fai?fully describes ! facts4 ,sci5ce aims at describ+ & =mulat+ facts z !y are3 if ! laws ( sci5ce are rational1 x is because %e f\nd reason already 9 ! facts1 & n because %e put x !re4 ,%e does n make ! laws ( nature1 nei!r does %e dictate ! behavi\r ( facts1 nor is _! behavi\r m]ely h] way ( int]pret+ facts4 ,man discov]s 9 nature wisdom1 :i* is an attribute ( p]sonality1 n because he _c help be+ an?ropomorphic 9 8 views1 b because nature is a manife/ation ( ! p[] & wisdom ( a p]sonality o!r & great] ?an man's4 ,s f>1 !n1 is ?is discov]y f creat+ a presumption t man makes nature aft] 8 own image1 t x con/itutes a pro( t man is made 9 ! image ( t p]sonal w & wisdom :i* is express$ 9 nature z well z manife/$ 9 man4 ,9 discov]+ p]sonality we discov] :at is fundam5tally real 9 nature1 & = u :at is fundam5tally real is also our highe/ ideal4 ,we h already rem>k$ t p>adoxical ?\gh x s\nds to say t ! ideal is real1 ! seem+ p>adox does express a fact--! fact at once ( our consci\sness ( ! diff]5ce betwe5 :at is & :at ought to be1 & ( our conviction t :at ought to be is no m]e illusion4 ,tru? & goodness1 wisdom & love1 are all at ! same "t ideal & real4 ,! tru? to :i* x is ! ideal ( sci5ce to approximate is no m]e *im]a4 ,s f> z x is tru?1 x is n m]ely man's way ( look+ at ! facts or an int]pretation :i* he puts ^u !m3 x is a /atem5t ( ! facts1 z accurate & precise z sci5ce c make x4 ,! ideal1 be+ an ideal1 w nev] be fully atta9$2 b t ! tru? is !re to be f\nd out is prov$ e "t sci5ce rea*es a new tru?1 t is to say1 a tru? :i* be=e its discov]y 0 inde$ n appreh5d$ by man1 b c]ta9ly 0 n !re=e ei!r untrue or non-exi/5t4 ,! tru? 0 9 ! facts2 = :at man kn[s ( nature he has le>nt f nature1 & :at he f9ds !re is n ! projection ( human wisdom b ! revelation ( a m ?an human wisdom4 ,man's k is real 9 proportion z x approa*es ! ideal4 ,! ideal is n man's surmise1 or vague conception1 or anticipation ( :at he may h]eaft] come to "k1 = su* surmises are always prov$ to be m or less errone\s4 ,nei!r is x man's conviction t ! tru? exi/s1 if only he c\ld f9d x out4 ,x is actual tru? & k :i* n[ exi/1 &1 be+ tru? & k1 mu/ exi/ 9 "s m9d1 & c]ta9ly d n exi/ 9 man's m9d4 ,sci5ce1 s f> z x has approa*$ ! ideal1 has done s n by be+ an?ropomorphic1 b by ceas+ to be an?ropomorphic--t is to say1 by ca/+ aside presumptions ( :at accord+ to man's notions ought to be or a priori mu/ be1 & sub/itut+ = su* preconceptions a pati5t1 rev]5t /udy ( ! facts z !y are4 ,to reg>d ! k ?us ga9$ z be+ at once purely human & ! only reality is to say t ! evolution ( ! univ]se exi/s only 9 ! speculation ( human ?9k]s1 & consequ5tly t ! _w z x 0 be=e man exi/$ 0 creat$ by ! speculation ( m9ds :i* 7 n 9 exi/5ce !n & :i* 7 only subsequ5tly evolv$4 ,h[ c man h be5 evolv$ out ( 8 own speculations8 ,h[ c 8 speculations h exi/$ be=e he did8 ,man owes 8 orig9 to ! same ,p[] ^: wisdom is reveal$ 9 nature to sci5ce1 & manife/$ to all 9 all ar\nd u4 ,( ! exi/5ce ( a ,p[]1 n ourselves1 we h evid5ce 9 ev]y?+ t affects u4 ,x is a fact ( consci\sness1 b x is a fact :i* f its v nature does n exi/ solely 9 our consci\sness4 ,!re9 x resembles ideal wisdom or goodness1 :i* exi/s 9 u1 s f> z our wisdom or goodness is real1 b is f> f be+ exhau/$ by its p>tial pres5ce 9 u4 ,! ideal 9 morality1 aga91 is n ! m]e desire to d good or to be good1 j z ! ideal 9 k is n ! m]e desire to "k ! tru?4 ,& if goodness is ! object ( moral desire1 z tru? is ! object ( intellectual desire1 9 nei!r case is ! object ( desire purely imag9>y1 a m]e idea or conception ( some?+ :i* might be1 b z a matt] ( fact is n4 ,we d n desire imag9>y pleasures or imag9>y goodness1 we want ! reality2 & to tell u t t reality exi/s only 9 idea1 only 9 our own imag9ation1 is a mislead+ half-tru?4 ,true1 we mu/ h "s idea ( x1 or else we c\ld n desire x4 ,b nei!r c\ld we desire x if x 7 pres5t$ to u z purely imag9>y4 ,9 o!r words1 ! object ( moral desire is appreh5d$1 at ! mom5t ( appreh5sion1 z bo? actual & possible1 z exi/+ simultane\sly = u & beyond u4 ,! case is ! same ) ideal tru?3 we c\ld n desire x1 unless we _h "s conception ( x1 unless x 7 to "s degree or 9 "s way pres5t to our consci\sness2 yet1 at ! same "t1 ! k :i* we desire to h b d n yet possess is c]ta9ly1 s f> z we d n possess x1 beyond our consci\sness4 ,x is because we h n got x t we want x4 ,& ! object ( desire1 :at we want1 is n imag9>y tru?1 b real tru?2 j z 9 our bett] mom5ts we want to d n :at we imag9e to be "r1 b :at is really "r4 ,! ,real1 !re=e--real tru?1 real goodness--is appreh5d$1 at ! mom5t ( appreh5sion1 & desir$1 at ! mom5t ( desire1 z exi/+ bo? = u & beyond u4 ,! proviso1 at ! mom5t ( appreh5sion1 at ! mom5t ( desire1 is important1 because x /rikes at ! root ( all =ms ( subjective idealism4 ,!y all assume t ! only ?+ directly appreh5d$ is :at exi/s = u2 t consequ5tly ! suppos$ exi/5ce ( any real ?+ or p]son beyond u is a m]e inf]5ce1 & an inf]5ce ! tru? ( :i* we h no means ( *eck+1 because x is a /atem5t ab\t ?+s ( :i* we h no direct appreh5sion or k4 ,on ?is assumption1 !re=e1 ! only ?+s man directly appreh5ds are 8 own /ates ( consci\sness1 8 own s5sations1 etc4 ,are we to call !m real or n8 ,if !y are n real1 8 :ole life is a dream1 8 speculations fancies1 & 8 desires illusions4 ,if !y are ! only reality ( :i* he c be c]ta91 !n ! only tru? is t :i* man kn[s1 ! only good is t :i* man does1 ! only _w is t :i* man ?9ks1 ! only ,god is t :i* man makes1 ! magnifi$1 non-natural %ad[ ( man project$ on to ! mi/s ( ! ,unkn[able4 ,x is important1 !re=e1 to insi/ t ! ,real--! reality ( exi/5ce1 ( k1 ( goodness--is n an inf]5ce1 b a matt] ( direct appreh5sion4 ,x is c]ta9 t goodness or k to be an object ( desire mu/ be pres5t$ to u 9 idea2 b x is equally c]ta9 t ! m]e idea is n :at we desire4 ,! object ( desire is directly appreh5d$ z 9 our consci\sness & beyond x4 ,! natural _w ar\nd u is also directly appreh5d$ z at once 9 our consci\sness & beyond x3 x is pres5t$ to our m9ds1 b x is pres5t$ z real4 ,x is important also to note t ! real does n =feit its reality to our appreh5sion :5 & because x takes up its abode 9 u3 goodness does n cease to be good because we d x1 nor tru? cease to be tru? because we "k x4 ,x does n foll[ t because ! ideal _c be fully realis$1 x _c be realis$ at all4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! conviction t x _c be completely atta9$ is itself ! gu>antee t x c be atta9$ p>tially4 ,yet x has be5 assum$ t if a ?+ is appreh5d$ by u x _c be real1 t real k beg9s j :]e our k ends1 t ! fur!r we pu% our k =w>d ! fur!r real k rec$es f our view4 ,on ?is assumption is built ! !ory ( ! ,unkn[able1 ! !ory t :atev] is kn[n to man is a /ate ( man's consci\sness2 t /ates ( consci\sness are subjective1 are m]ely ! appe>ances ( ?+s1 n ! ?+s !mselves2 t ! real ?+s1 ! ?+s !mselves1 are unkn[able2 _! appe>ances alone c be kn[n to man2 !re=e ! real is = ev] unkn[able4 ,! reality exi/+ beh9d all appe>ances is1 & mu/ ev] be1 unkn[n4#d ,consequ5tly1 inf]5ces ab\t ! ,real are valueless & futile4 ,by way ( comp5sation1 h[ev]1 our k ( ! unreal is1 on ?is !ory1 v>i$ & ext5sive3 x includes1 = in/ance1 ! !ory ( evolution & ! :ole ( sci5ce4 ,b ! assumption :i* leads to ?is /range conclusion is oppos$ to ! facts4 ,! fact1 z we h cont5d$1 is t ! real 9 consci\sness is cont9u\s ) ! real beyond consci\sness1 & is appreh5d$1 at ! mom5t ( appreh5sion1 z be+ ?us cont9u\s1 & is n rea*$ by any process ( inf]5ce4 ,! real is n a matt] ( inf]5ce1 b ( appreh5sion4 ,its exi/5ce _c be d$uc$ f any?+ else2 x is t f :i* all conclusions mu/ be d$uc$4 ,i _c prove t a ?+ is real any m ?an ,i c prove t ,i h too?a*e4 ,!re is no ne$4 ,,footnotes3 #d ,,h]b]t ,,sp5c]1 ,fir/ ,pr9ciples1 *4 iv4 #bb1 p4 #fi4 ,v4 ,,! ,,real ,we began1 at ! beg9n+ ( ?is book1 by accept+ ,evolution z a fact1 z all ord9>ily educat$ p]sons 9 ! pres5t /ate ( sci5tific k are practically b\nd to d4 ,accept+ x z a fact1 we proce$$ to inquire :at1 if any?+1 x _h to tell u ab\t ! moral gov]nm5t ( ! _w2 & we f\nd t v diff]5t int]pretations 7 put ^u ! !ory ( ,evolution by diff]5t au?orities4 ,accord+ to "o int]pretation ! process ( ,evolution 0 a cont9ual progress f good to bett]3 good c\ld only give way to high] good4 ,accord+ to ano!r int]pretation goodness 0 a transi5t1 evanesc5t phase 9 ! process ( evolution1 ( no p]man5t value3 ! e?ical process 0 doom$ to be defeat$ by its enemy1 ! cosmic process4 ,accord+ to a ?ird int]pretation ! notion ( good 0 a pure illusion1 necess>y inde$1 inasmu* z )\t x !re w\ld be no survival = man 9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce1 b none ! less an illusion4 ,mu* z ^! int]pretations diff] f "o ano!r z to ! moral significance ( ! process ( evolution1 or inde$ z to :e!r evolution has any moral significance at all1 !y are agre$ ^u "o po9t4 ,!y are agre$ t x is impossible to draw any inf]5ce f ! facts ( evolution z to ! moral gov]nm5t ( ! univ]se4 ,to affirm its moral gov]nm5t w\ld be to claim k ( ! ,unkn[able1 :i* is an obvi\s absurdity4 ,x w\ld be to attribute p[]1 consci\sness1 wisdom1 & goodness to ! ,real2 & ! ,real is & mu/ ev] be unkn[n4 ,?is id5tification ( ! ,real ) ! ,unkn[able leads u into ! foll[+ ridicul\s impasse3 ! va/ majority ( m5 look1 & mu/ always look1 = guidance & in=mation to sci5ce & !ology2 & !ology is k ( ! unkn[able2 sci5ce1 k ( ! unreal4 ,^? :o are cont5t ) ?is bl9d alley may rema9 9 x4 ,we propose to try to f9d our way out ( x4 ,if we analyse our p]ception ( any mat]ial object1 t is to say1 ( any object :i* we p]ceive by means ( ! s5ses1 we %all f9d t our p]ception ( ! object consi/s ( ! s5sations :i* we h ( x4 ,to p]ceive an orange is to see t x is yell[1 to feel t x is r\nd1 to smell x1 ta/e x1 & s on4 ,^! v>i\s s5sations toge!r con/itute our p]ception ( ! orange4 ,n[1 ! subjective ideali/ says t ! p]ception is ! orange1 & t ! orange is ! p]ception4 ,to ! beg9n] 9 philosophy t s\nds absurd3 he kn[s t 8 p]ception is n ! orange1 & t ! orange is some?+ m ?an 8 p]ception ( x4 ,b :5 he is ask$1 ,:at m8 ,if ! orange is n ! p]ception1 :at is x8 he does n g5]ally produce any satisfactory reply2 & !n he is told t 8 notion1 t !re is any?+ 9 ! orange except 8 own p]ception or s5sations1 is obvi\sly n a fact ( s5sation or a ?+ directly obs]v$1 b m]ely a belief or inf]5ce ( 84 ,on ! o!r h&1 he g5]ally puts a v natural "q to 8 in/ructor3 ,if ! orange is m]ely my p]ception1 :at becomes ( ! orange :5 ,i d n p]ceive x8 ,grant$ t x exi/s :5ev] ,i look at x1 :at becomes ( x 9 ! int]vals :5 ,i am n look+ at x8 ,does x exi/ !n1 or does x n8 ,to ?is ,bi%op ,b]keley replies t x does2 t x exi/s !n 9 exactly ! same way z x does n[1 t is to say1 x exi/s 9 idea 7i4e4 p]ception or s5sation72 b z x does n exi/ 9 my p]ception1 :5 ,i am n look+ at x1 x mu/ exi/ 9 ! p]ception ( "s o!r m9d1 to :i* all ?+s at all times are pres5t4 ,) ! fact :i* =ms ,b]keley's conclusion ,i h no qu>rel4 ,:at ,i %\ld l to %[ is t x does n foll[ f ^! premises4 ,b]keley's argum5t is3 ,all m5 believe1 & rightly believe1 t ! ?+s !y see are p]man5t4 ,! ?+s !y see are ideas 7p]ceptions1 s5sations7 ( a m9d4 ,!re=e ! p]man5t _w is ! idea ( a p]man5t m9d4#e ,b ! ?+s !y see is an ambigu\s expression4 ,if by ! ?+s t ,i see is meant my s5sations ( sight1 !n !y are n p]man5t1 = !y only la/ z long z ,i look at ! object1 & consequ5tly any argum5t bas$ on _! suppos$ p]man5ce falls to ! gr\nd4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if ! ?+s t ,i see are p]man5t1 !n !y are n m]ely my s5sations ( sight--9 :i* case subjective idealism is wrong1 & my p]ception ( a ?+ is n ! :ole acc\nt ( ! ?+ & does n exhau/ its reality4 ,! ?+s :i* ,i p]ceive are n my s5sations3 !y are ?+s ( :i* ,i h s5sations4 ,9 f9e1 !y are appreh5d$1 at ! mom5t ( appreh5sion1 z be+ bo? )9 & )\t consci\sness4 ,to ! "q :e!r a ?+ exi/s :5 ,i am n look+ at x1 ,john ,/u>t ,mill replies1 9 effect1 t z (t5 z ,i look at x ,i %all see x2 t if ,i 7 look+ ,i %\ld see x4 ,?is is true en\gh2 b x is no answ] to ! "q4 ,:5 fur!r press$1 ,mill fur!r replies t1 if ?+s d n exi/ :5 we d n look1 we %\ld nev]!less necess>ily be delud$ by ! association ( ideas into imag9+ t !y d exi/ :5 n look$ at4 ,"h1 aga91 x is p]fectly true t1 if ?+s are n real1 x is a delusion to imag9e !y are4 ,b t is no answ] to ! "q4 ,x is1 9 fact1 a "q :i* ! subjective ideali/ _c answ]4 ,to say ,no6 ,?+s out ( consci\sness are non-exi/5t1 is to say t effects ( :i* ! causes are unobs]v$ are effects produc$ by non-exi/5t causes4 ,to say ,yes is to admit t ?+s c exi/ out ( consci\sness z well z 91 :i* is :at subjective idealism is !re to d5y4 ,we submit1 !n1 t ! analysis ( exp]i5ce :i* subjective idealism makes is n an exhau/ive analysis2 & t1 :5 ! man ( common s5se says t 9 look+ at any?+ he is aw>e bo? ( 8 s5sations ( sight & ( some?+ m1 he is /at+ ! actual facts z !y are giv5 9 exp]i5ce to all ( u4 ,we appreh5d a ?+ z be+ bo? our s5sations & some?+ m4 ,:5 ! ideali/ says t ! latt] half ( ?is appreh5sion is a misappreh5sion1 he rejects an obs]v$ fact ( exp]i5ce1 n because he does n f9d x 9 8 exp]i5ce1 b because x seems to him impossible t x %\ld be !re4 ,he argues t to say we c be consci\s ( :at is n 9 our consci\sness is to say t we c be consci\s ( some?+ ( :i* we are unconsci\s--a pat5t nons5se4 ,he might admit1 = ! sake ( argum5t1 t possibly a ?+ c\ld exi/ bo? 9 consci\sness & out1 & ev5 t we might "k t x s exi/$4 ,b he _c admit t a man is consci\s ( :at he is n consci\s (4 ,he is n requir$ to admit x4 ,he is requir$ to admit t our p]ceptions are n ! only ?+s ( :i* we are consci\s2 or1 to put x 9 o!r words1 t our /ates ( consci\sness are n ! only ?+s ( :i* we are consci\s4 ,& he is requir$ to admit x simply & solely on ! gr\nd t x is a fact ( common obs]vation & ev]yday exp]i5ce4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 we p]=m actions1 & 7usually7 we are consci\s ( p]=m+ !m4 ,b ! action is some?+ m & o!r ?an our consci\sness ( x4 ,or is someone go+ to ma9ta9 t do+ & kn[+ are ! same ?+8 ,is anyone prep>$ to pu% ! illusion-argum5t s f> z to say t ! idea t we d ?+s is a m]e delusion8 ,if x is n a delusion1 if x is1 on ! contr>y1 a fact1 !n our actions are n /ates ( consci\sness1 b ?+s ( :i* we are consci\s4 ,we appreh5d !m1 9 ! v act ( appreh5sion1 z realities di/9ct f ! consci\sness :i* we h ( !m4 ,& we h ! v same gu>antee = _! reality z we h = ! reality ( our p]ception or s5sations ( !m1 viz4 ! fact t we are consci\s ( !m4 ,9 ! same way1 :5 we pu% a solid object or feel ! impact ( a mov+ body1 we are z consci\s ( t body z ( our muscul> s5sations3 our s5sations make up our p]ception ( ! object1 b are n ! object4 ,!y con/itute ! /ate ( consci\sness1 b t /ate is n ! only ?+ we are consci\s (4 ,! object is appreh5d$ z be+ 9 consci\sness & n z m]ely be+ our consci\sness ( x4 ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c]1 at lea/1 is q cle> t our /ates ( consci\sness are n ! only ?+s ( :i* we are consci\s2 he holds ev5 t we are vaguely consci\s ( t :i* transc5ds our consci\sness4 ,?us1 our p]sonality is n a /ate ( consci\sness1 yet we are consci\s ( x1 & its exi/5ce is to ea* a fact above all o!rs ! mo/ c]ta94#f ,&1 z = ! real1 our firm belief 9 objective reality1 a belief :i* metaphysical criticism _c %ake1 is n m]ely a positive ?\gh vague consci\sness ( t :i* transc5ds consci\sness1 b has ! highe/ validity ( any#g ( our beliefs4 ,b ?\gh ,mr4 ,sp5c] admits1 or r insi/s1 t we "k t ! ,real is1 he d5ies t we "k :at x is4 ,9 o!r words1 he accepts ! validity ( "o half ( e act ( exp]i5ce & d5ies ! validity ( ! o!r half4 ,our analysis ( exp]i5ce has %[n u t we appreh5d ! real1 9 ! v act ( appreh5sion1 z be+ bo? a /ate ( our consci\sness & some?+ m ?an t /ate4 ,to say t "o half ( ! appreh5sion is a misappreh5sion is to say t bo? are invalid4 ,if :at is pres5t 9 consci\sness is m]ely appe>ance & n ! real ?+1 !n our /ates are ! only ?+s ( :i* we are consci\s1 & ! exi/5ce ( any?+ m is n a fact ( exp]i5ce & obs]vation--/ill less c x h ! highe/ validity ( any ( our beliefs4 ,we may be ask$1 ,grant$ t ! ,real is m ?an a /ate ( our consci\sness1 :at m is x8 &1 if no answ] is =?com+1 we may be told t aft] all !n1 x seems1 we "k t ! ,real is1 b n :at x is4 ,! reply is3 ,s f> z ! ,real is out ( consci\sness we may n "k :at x is2 z f> z x is 91 we d4 ,by be+ consci\s ( a ?+ we mean kn[+ :at ! ?+ is--n necess>ily complete k1 b "s4 ,if x be said t1 on our own %[+1 a ?+ & ! k ( x are diff]5t1 & t consequ5tly h[ev] great our k may become !re always rema9s1 & mu/ always rema91 some?+ :i* we _c "k1 because x is ex hypo!si1 n k1 we mu/ reply t ?is objection is b a re/atem5t ( ! invet]ate fallacy ( idealism--! fallacy t /ates ( consci\sness are ! only ?+s we c be consci\s (2 t if we "k a ?+ ! ?+ ceases to be any?+ b our k ( x2 t to be consci\s ( p]=m+ an action is pro( t no action is really p]=m$1 & t ! only do+ is kn[+4 ,we act1 & we "k t we act4 ,reality mu/ be accord$ to bo? or d5i$ to bo?2 x _c be accord$ to "o & d5i$ to ! o!r4 ,inde$1 k itself is action1 a s]ies ( actions4 ,b x is also some?+ m1 j z an action ( :i* we are consci\s is some?+ m ?an our consci\sness ( x4 ,b we are consci\s n only ( our own actions1 b ( ! reactions ( ?+s on u1 & ( ! int]actions ( ?+s on "o ano!r4 ,we appreh5d all ?ree--action1 reaction1 & int]action--z real2 we "k n only t !y are1 z be+ realities1 b also :at !y are z /ates ( consci\sness4 ,z /ates ( consci\sness !y are successive s5sations or p]ceptions2 z m ?an /ates ( consci\sness !y are p[] or =ce4 ,! /udy :i* sci5ce makes ( ! int]actions ( ?+s on "o ano!r reveals ^? int]actions z con=mable to law & happ5+ 9 su* a way t _! occurr5ce c be logically d$uc$1 & ev5 =etold1 f _! laws4 ,9 a ^w1 !y happ5 9 a way t c be reason$ out1 & !y con/itute toge!r a logical process4 ,! reality1 ! p[]1 ! activity :i* is exhibit$ 9 ?is process is exhibit$ !re=e z a rational activity1 z reason active2 & bo? ! reason & ! action are appreh5d$ by u z real1 & n z m]e /ates ( our consci\sness4 ,if ! sci5tific acc\nt ( ! univ]se & ! !ory ( evolution1 s f> z !y are true1 are n m]e ex]cises ( ! imag9ation1 b repres5t ev5ts & *anges :i* actually h tak5 place & are tak+ place beyond ! range ( actual obs]vation1 x mu/ be because !y are logical inf]5ces f real ev5ts & real *anges :i* are matt]s ( direct obs]vation4 ,if ! obs]v$ ev5ts h no reality1 we h no gr\nd = believ+ ! unobs]v$ or inf]r$ facts to h any4 ,unless ! real ev5ts foll[ a logical sequ5ce1 our inf]5ces mu/ be fallaci\s 9 proportion z !y are logical4 ,we believe ! inf]r$ facts to be real because we believe ! obs]v$ facts to be real2 & ! obs]v$ facts are pres5t$ to u & appreh5d$ by u to be n m]ely our s5sations b also realities4 ,on no o!r gr\nd c we or d we tru/ sci5ce to guide u 9 life4 ,nor d we tru/ morality on any o!r gr\nd4 ,s f> z we tru/ ! impulse to d "r1 or base any calculations ^u x or draw any inf]5ces f x1 we d s because we appreh5d x1 9 ! act ( appreh5sion1 z bo? a /ate ( our consci\sness & some?+ m4 ,z 9 ! impact ( a mov+ body we appreh5d n m]ely our s5sations1 b also ! pres5ce ( a real p[]1 s 9 ! impulse to good we appreh5d n only our consci\sness !re(1 b ! pres5ce ( a real p[]1 ) reg>d to :i* we "k n only t x is1 b to "s ext5t :at x is--a p[] :i* w\ld h u d good & be good4 ,if mat]ial ?+s are b ideas ( ours1 s ! ,"r & ,good may be4 ,if ! latt] are m]e aspirations & no?+ m1 ! =m] are m]e s5sations & no?+ m4 ,b if 9 ?+s we are consci\s ( a p[] n ourselves1 s are we 9 our consci\sness ( ! ,"r & ,good3 our aspirations are inspirations4 ,we appreh5d _! reality 9 exactly ! same way z we appreh5d ! reality ( mat]ial ?+s--by direct obs]vation4 ,& we h exactly ! same evid5ce--! evid5ce ( imm$iate consci\sness4 ,let no man spoil y ) philosophy4 ,! /atem5ts t k is ! only reality1 ! only ,real is ! ,unkn[able1 are contradictory n only ( ea* o!r1 b ( ^? facts 9 ! common exp]i5ce ( mank9d :i* af=d ! only safe f\ndation = philosophy z well z = sci5ce4 ,bo? /atem5ts logically imply t our only k is ( ! unreal2 & f k ( ! unreal to ! unreality ( k is a necess>y /ep4 ,b exi/5ce is n m]ely k3 exi/5ce is also action4 ,a ?+ is t :i* x does1 & n m]ely t :i* x is kn[n to d4 ,or r a ?+ nev] does any?+3 only a p]son c act4 ,! action or behavi\r ( a ?+ is only a metaphor4 ,,footnotes3 #e ,see ,app5dix on ,bi%op ,b]keley's ,idealism4 #f ,fir/ ,pr9ciples1 *4 iii4 #bj4 #g ,ibid41 #bf4 ,,vi4 ,,evolution ,,z ,,! ,,r$i/ribution ,,( ,,matt] ,,& ,,motion ,assum+ ! process ( evolution to be a fact1 we h inquir$ :at is ! value ( t fact1 :at significance x has = man z a moral be+1 anxi\s to direct 8 life 9 accordance ) ! be/ lights he c obta94 ,9 our attempts to draw any inf]5ce f ! facts ( evolution z to ! moral gov]nm5t ( ! univ]se1 we h always f\nd ourselves ultimately confront$ by ! notice--,! ,real is ,unkn[able4 ,obvi\sly1 if ! ultimate ( ultimates1 ! ,real ,p[] or ,=ce1 ( :i* all ?+s & be+s are manife/ations1 is unkn[able1 we _c "k :e!r x c>es or does n c>e = :at is true or good4 ,b if ! ,real is ,unkn[able1 !n ! k :i* we d possess is n k ( ! real1 & consequ5tly all our sci5ce is unreal k2 ! !ory ( evolution is a sy/em ( delusive inf]5ces f unreal facts4 ,t1 h[ev]1 is a ?+ :i* we c\ld n believe4 ,d\btless our k is small comp>$ ) our ignorance4 ,d\btless !re is mu* :i* ! human m9d c\ld n und]/& )\t becom+ m ?an human4 ,d\btless1 also1 e addition to our k involves a readju/m5t & correction ( our previ\s inf]5ces2 & a consid]able addition1 su* z ! !ory ( evolution 01 causes a consid]able *ange 9 our conception ( ! univ]se & its laws4 ,b all ^! admissions _c compel u to admit t sci5ce is :olly unreal k1 or t evolution is an entirely unreal process4 ,we s\ght1 accord+ly1 to %[ t we h "s1 if only p>tial1 k ( ! real1 t t k is n :olly inf]5tial1 b t s f> z x is inf]r$ x is inf]r$ f real facts1 ! reality ( :i* is directly appreh5d$ 9 ! common exp]i5ce ( mank9d4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 ^? writ]s :o proclaim ! unkn[ability ( ! ,real1 :5 !y are writ+ z philosoph]s1 ab&on x :5 !y are engag$ 9 sci5ce4 ,:5 !y are work+ out ! !ory ( evolution1 !y take x = grant$ t ! process ( evolution is a reality1 t ! common exp]i5ce ( mank9d is tru/wor?y to "s ext5t1 & t to t ext5t ! ,real is kn[able & kn[n4 ,!y assure u t1 ?\gh ! k we h is n k ( ! ,real1 x is j ! same = u z if x 7--if ! ,real c\ld ent] into our consci\sness1 we really %\ld n "k ! diff]5ce4 ,?us !n we may resume1 ) entire confid5ce1 ^? reali/ic conceptions :i* philosophy at fir/ sight seems to dissipate4#h ,on exam9ation1 h[ev]1 x turns out t ! entire confid5ce :i* is ?us re/or$ to ! reality ( mat]ial ?+s is n ext5d$ to ! reality ( ^? ideals ( ! good1 ! beautiful1 & ! holy :i* play _! "p 9 ! lives ( m5 & 9 ! evolution ( mank9d--or n to all ( ^? ideals4 ,n[1 x is sc>cely to be hop$ t a !ory :i* beg9s by ignor+ c]ta9 facts 9 ! common exp]i5ce ( mank9d1 or by d5y+ _! reality1 c end 9 a satisfactory explanation ( !m4 ,ei!r x w be consi/5t & proclaim !m to be illusions1 or x w be inconsi/5t & quietly include !m f "t to "t z x goes on--9 :i* case ! explanation x gives ( !m w be no explanation4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 z we h already argu$1 ! ,optimi/ic int]pretation ( evolution1 pr(ess+ to exhibit ! ,ideal ( morality z "o ( ! ultimate consequ5ces ( ! r$i/ribution ( matt] & motion1 ends by d5y+ any diff]5ce betwe5 :at is & :at ought to be1 & ?us r$uces ! moral ideal to a m]e illusion4 ,! ,pessimi/1 on ! o!r h&1 insi/+ on ! reality1 & to "s ext5t ! supremacy ( ! moral ideal1 confesses 8 inability to expla9 its validity z be+ due to evolution3 ! fact t x has be5 evolv$ does n acc\nt = its validity1 because ! t5d5cy to evil has be5 also evolv$1 b is n1 !re=e1 to be yield$ to4 ,! object ( ?is *apt] is to exam9e ! hypo!sis t ! process ( evolution is no?+ b a p]petual r$i/ribution ( matt] & motion1 & to %[ t ! hypo!sis _c expla91 & z a matt] ( fact does n expla91 all ! facts :i* x is fram$ to acc\nt =4 ,! !ory ( evolution is an attempt--"o ( _m attempts t m5 h made--to expla9 ! process by :i* ! totality ( ?+s has come to be :at x is4 ,x diff]s f mo/ o!r attempts 9 t x endeav\rs to give a sci5tific explanation ( ! process1 & t consequ5tly x does n pr(ess to g back to ! beg9n+ or to discov] ! orig9 ( ! process4 ,! nature ( sci5tific explanation is well und]/ood by m5 ( sci5ce 79 ,engl&1 at lea/71 & has be5 made famili> to ! non-sci5tific _w by ,john ,/u>t ,mill4 ,an ev5t is sci5tifically expla9$ :5 x is %[n to be a case ( a g5]al law2 a law is expla9$ :5 x is %[n to come "u "s m g5]al law4 ,9 o!r words1 ! bus9ess ( sci5ce is to %[ t ! ?+ "u exam9ation always happ5s 7or t5ds to happ57 "u c]ta9 circum/ances :i* sci5ce c =mulate ) m or less exactness4 ,b h[ or :y ! ?+ %\ld happ5 ?us1 sci5ce does n und]take to expla93 :at is call$ expla9+ "o law ( nature by ano!r1 is b sub/itut+ "o my/]y = ano!r2 & does no?+ to r5d] ! g5]al c\rse ( nature o!r ?an my/]i\s3 we c no m assign a :y = ! m ext5sive laws ?an = ! p>tial ones4#i ,x is only m9ds n habituat$ to accurate ?9k+ :i* imag9e t ! laws are ! causes ( ! ev5ts :i* happ5 9 accordance ) !m1 t ! law ( g5]al gravitation1 = example1 causes ! fall ( bodies to ! e>?4#aj ,x may be a law ( sci5ce1 a p]fectly true /atem5t1 t ! ph5om5on ,b always foll[s ! ph5om5on ,a2 b t /atem5t1 true z x is1 is n ! cause ( ,b4 ,t ,a is always foll[$ by ,b is demon/rat$ by sci5ce4 ,:y x %\ld be foll[$ by ,b is z my/]i\s z magic--z my/]i\s z t ! wav+ ( ! magician's w& %\ld be imm$iately foll[$ by ! ris+ ( a palace f ! gr\nd4 ,h[ ! "o ?+ c foll[ ! o!r1 is no "p ( sci5ce's bus9ess to expla94 ,sci5ce1 !re=e1 is ess5tially descriptive3 ) ev]-increas+ accuracy x describes ?+s & ! ord] 9 :i* !y happ54 ,evolution1 !n1 z a sci5tific !ory1 is also purely descriptive3 x describes ! way 9 :i* ?+s h come to be :at we see !m to be1 ! process by :i* ! totality ( ?+s has come to be :at x is4 ,b :5 ! purely sci5tific & descriptive "p ( ! "w is done1 :5 sci5ce has =mulat$ ! ord] ( ! ev5ts :i* h l$ up to ! exi/+ /ate ( ! univ]se1 :5 ! process ( evolution has be5 describ$1 !re /ill rema9 ! que/ions :i* sci5ce refus$ ev5 to try to answ]1 & !re also rema9 o!r que/ions m vital to sci5ce4 ,!re arises ! "q1 ,9 :at s5se is evolution a real process8 d ! laws ( sci5ce exi/ only 9 ! m9ds ( m5 ( sci5ce8 is ! process ( evolution m]ely ! description :i* is giv5 ( x 7z accord+ to "s ?9k]s a ?+ is only ! s5sations :i* we h ( x71 or is x some?+ m8 ,obvi\sly ! "q :e!r evolution is a real process1 :e!r !re is any reality 9 sci5ce1 is "o :i* _c be answ]$1 ei!r 9 ! affirmative or 9 ! negative1 )\t "s idea ( :at reality means1 ( :at ! real is4 ,:at is ! mean+ ( ! ^w real8 ,?is is ! "q :i* und]lies e metaphysical inquiry2 & ! neglect ( x is ! rema9+ cause ( ! *ronic antagonisms ( metaphysicians4#aa ,be=e we are logically entitl$ to say t evolution is a real process1 we mu/ answ] ! "q1 ,:at is ! ess5ce1 ! ultimate reality ( ?+s8 :o or :at is ! ,be+ t is manife/$ 9 'all ?9k+ ?+s1 all objects ( all ?\ght'8#ab ,n[1 to ^! que/ions1 z to ! ,be+ & ,becom+ ( ! univ]se1 sci5ce has no?+ to say4 ,sci5ce does n ev5 af=d ! mat]ials = an answ] to !m1 any m ?an to ^? o!r que/ions z to h[ or :y ?+s %\ld happ5 9 ! way :i* sci5ce describes4 ,sci5ce describes ?+s1 b does n und]take to prove t ?+s exi/4 ,sci5ce is organis$ common s5se1 & common s5se takes x = grant$ t ?+s exi/4 ,hav+ made ?is assumption1 sci5ce proce$s to inve/igate ) sci5tific exactness ! ord] 9 :i* ev5ts succe$ "o ano!r & co-exi/ ) "o ano!r1 )9 ! range ( direct obs]vation2 & inf]s t1 ev5 :5 !y are beyond ! range ( direct obs]vation1 !y cont9ue to occur 9 ! same ord] ( sequ5ce & co-exi/5ce4 ,b "h aga9 sci5ce refuses to h any?+ to d ) any metaphysical que/ions z to h[ or :y ?+s %\ld ?us occur4 ,all sorts ( conjectures may be made1 & h be5 made1 to expla9 :y ,b %\ld foll[ ,a1 or co-exi/ ) x4 ,b sci5ce is n pl$g$ to any ( !m4 ,! only ?+ %e und]takes to %[ is ! fact ( ! sequ5ce or co-exi/5ce2 & ?is %e c d )\t assum+ ! tru? ( any ( ^! conjectures4 ,inde$1 ! progress :i* sci5ce has made is l>gely due to ! fact t %e has /eadily decl9$ to h any?+ to d ) su* conjectures--hav+ f\nd out by exp]i5ce t !y simply di/ract h] f h] prop] bus9ess ( obs]v+ ) ! utmo/ exactness :at actually does take place4 ,x may be t ,a 9 "s my/]i\s & :olly inexplicable way produces ,b1 t is to say 9 te*nical phraseology1 is ! effici5t cause or me*anical cause ( ,b4 ,x may be t ! sequ5ce ( ,b ^u ,a is a volition ( ! ,be+ :i* is manife/$ 9 all ?9k+ ?+s1 9 all objects ( all ?\ght4 ,sci5ce _c prove1 & w n ev5 discuss1 ei!r sugge/ion3 %e conf9es h]self to ! ass]tion t1 z a matt] ( c>eful & exact obs]vation1 ,b does foll[ ,a4 ,:e!r we call ,a an effici5t cause or n1 matt]s n to sci5ce3 call x s or refuse to call x s1 ! fact once e/abli%$ by sci5ce1 t ,b foll[s ,a1 rema9s4 ,! !ory ( effici5t or me*anical causes is d\btless ( importance1 b n to sci5ce4 ,if x is prov$ to be false1 n a s+le fact ( sci5ce is %ak54 ,! me*anical !ory may be true or may be false1 b 9 ei!r case x is a metaphysical !ory4 ,if sci5ce is descriptive--descriptive ( ! uni=m succession & co-exi/5ce ( facts--!n sci5ce no m proves ! me*anical !ory to be true ?an x proves ! volitional !ory to be true4 ,bo? are !ories z to :y facts %\ld succe$ "o ano!r 9 ! ord] describ$ by sci5ce2 & sci5ce does n und]take to prove ! tru? ( su* !ories1 nor does %e wait = !m to be prov$ or disprov$4 ,_m m5 ( sci5ce1 h[ev]1 are also philosoph]s1 & hold1 z !y are fully entitl$ to hold1 t ! me*anical !ory is ! true int]pretation ( nature4 ,n[1 me*anics is ! sci5ce ( motion2 we c assign z its object3 to describe completely & 9 ! simple/ mann] ! movem5ts :i* occur 9 nature4#ac ,on ! me*anical !ory1 !re=e1 ! object ( all sci5ce is to r$uce ! ph5om5a ( nature to =ms ( motion1 & to describe ^! completely & 9 ! simple/ mann] 444 ! only complete description is t af=d$ by a ma!matical =mula1 9 :i* ! con/ants are suppli$ by obs]vation4 ,?is p]mits u to calculate ^? features or phases ( ph5om5a :i* are hidd5 f our obs]vation 9 space or 9 "t4#ad ,?is1 we ne$ h>dly add1 is 9 agreem5t ) ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c]'s view ( ! !ory ( evolution z a description ( ! process ( ! r$i/ribution ( matt] & motion4 ,x seems1 !n1 t accord+ to ?is p>ticul> metaphysical !ory1 :i* ma9ta9s ! me*anical explanation ( nature to be ! true "o1 ! object ( all sci5ce is to describe 7) ma!matical accuracy1 :]e possible7 ! movem5ts ( ?+s 9 space4 ,b sci5ce is univ]sal2 evolution ext5ds to ! :ole cosmic process4 ,!re=e1 ! only ?+s ) :i* sci5ce has to d1 or :i* are factors 9 ! cosmic process1 are ?+s mov+ 9 space4 ,z a metaphysical argum5t ?is !ory seems to u unsatisfactory4 ,x conv]ts1 simply & illegitimately1 ! proposition sanction$ by common s5se1 t mat]ial ?+s are real1 into ! proposition oppos$ to common s5se1 t all real ?+s are mat]ial4 ,x assumes1 app>5tly unconsci\sly & c]ta9ly )\t pro(1 t ! only ?+s capable ( sci5tific description are movem5ts 9 space1 ! only laws 9 ! univ]se me*anical laws4 ,hi/orically1 mat]ial ?+s 7 ! fir/ to be /udi$ & describ$ ) sci5tific exactness4 ,x is only natural1 !re=e1 t ! me?ods & assumptions :i* h be5 employ$ ) conspicu\s success by ! physical sci5ces %\ld be ext5d$1 t5tatively at lea/1 else:]e4 ,x is equally natural t prote/s %\ld be rais$1 & ! ext5sion proclaim$ by philosoph]s to be illegitimate--impov]i%+ fai? )\t enri*+ k4#ae ,to reg>d ! c\rse ( ! _w z ! developm5t ( "s bl9d =ce :i* works on accord+ to univ]sal laws1 devoid ( insight & fre$om1 devoid ( int]e/ 9 good & evil1 are we to consid] ?is unju/ifiable g5]alisation ( a concept1 valid 9 its own sph]e1 z ! high] tru?8#af ,x is n1 h[ev]1 likely t sci5ce w drop a g5]alisation1 h[ev] unju/ifiable 9 metaphysics1 if x works 9 practice4 ,! "q is :e!r x does "w2 & t is pla9ly a "q ( fact1 n a "q ( metaphysics4 ,we want to "k !re=e1 fir/1 :e!r ?+s mov+ 9 space are ! only ?+s ) :i* we are acqua9t$ 9 common exp]i5ce2 &1 next1 :e!r all ! *anges :i* take place )9 ! range ( sci5tific obs]vation are or c be expla9$ by ! laws ( me*anics4 ,x is cle> t1 if ! me*anical !ory ( sci5ce & ( evolution is to be successfully ma9ta9$1 bo? ^! que/ions mu/ be answ]$ 9 ! affirmative4 ,x is equally cle> t1 if we conf9e ourselves to ! actual facts1 bo? que/ions mu/ be answ]$ 9 ! negative4 ,?\ghts1 ideas1 conceptions1 s5sations1 feel+s1 emotions are ?+s ( :i* we h exp]i5ce at e mom5t ( our wak+ lives2 & none ( !m are ?+s :i* occupy space or move 9 space4 ,a ?\ght is n a ?+ :i* c be measur$ by a foot-rule1 z ?+s 9 space c be2 ! greatness ( an idea is n "o :i* measures s _m y>ds by s _m2 a conception has no cubic cont5ts2 a too?a*e _c be put 9 a pair ( scales1 nor c any process ( *emical analysis be appli$ to hope or fe>4 ,we f9d ourselves1 !re=e1 9 ?is dilemma3 if ! me*anical !ory is true1 & sci5ce c deal only ) ?+s mov+ 9 space1 !n psy*ology & sociology are n sci5ces1 & _! subject-matt] nev] c be made am5able to sci5tific treatm5t4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if psy*ology is a sci5ce1 !n sci5ce deals ) ?+s :i* d n move 9 space4 ,we submit t psy*ology is a sci5ce1 t our s5sations1 emotions1 ideas1 etc41 c be obs]v$1 & c be describ$ sci5tifically1 t is to say1 t _! uni=m sequ5ces & co-exi/5ces c be /at$ ) accuracy & =mulat$ z laws4 ,we submit fur!r t our def9ition ( sci5ce %\ld be bas$ on facts1 & n fram$ to suit a metaphysical !ory4 ,a satisfactory def9ition ( sci5ce mu/ include all ! sci5ces4 ,! def9ition put =w>d 9 ! int]e/s ( ! me*anical !ory excludes arbitr>ily ! m5tal & moral sci5ces1 & implies t _! subject-matt] is beyond ! p[] ( sci5ce to deal )4 ,! exclusion & ! implication are consequ5t ^u ! sugge/$ limitation ( sci5ce to ?+s mov+ 9 space1 & are ( ! ess5ce ( ! me*anical !ory4 ,bo? ! exclusion & ! implication are unnecess>y if we adh]e to ! old] conception ( sci5ce1 z x occurs 9 ,mill1 :i* claims = sci5ce all ph5om5a ( :i* ! sequ5ces & co-exi/5ces c be obs]v$1 describ$1 & =mulat$ z laws4 ,:at we h said ) reg>d to sci5ce applies also ( necessity to ,evolution4 ,if ,evolution is simply ! cont9ual r$i/ribution ( matt] & motion1 if matt] & motion are ! only ?+s subject to evolution1 !n consci\sness & consci5ce are n subject to evolution4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if !y too h _h & are hav+ _! evolution1 !n ! r$i/ribution ( matt] & motion does n sum up ! process ( evolution1 & is n a correct /atem5t ( ! process4 ,if x 7 an induction drawn f a consid]ation ( all ! facts ( evolution1 x w\ld cov] !m all4 ,b x does n3 x excludes a l>ge class ( important facts1 because _! exclusion is dem&$ 9 ! int]e/s ( a p>ticul> metaphysical !ory--! me*anical !ory4 ,x implies t ! op]ation ( evolution is conf9$ to a limit$ set ( facts4 ,if ! implication is false1 !n evolution is a bigg] ?+ ?an ! m]e r$i/ribution ( matt] & motion4 ,! way 9 :i* x is usually attempt$ to =ce ! me*anical !ory to squ>e ) ! facts1 or r to cut ! facts to fit ! !ory1 is to po9t to ! connection betwe5 ! m9d & ! bra91 & to proclaim ! consequ5t dep5d5ce ( m9d on matt]4 ,n[1 t !re is a connection betwe5 m9d & bra9 is c]ta94 ,:at ! connection is exactly is z yet unc]ta94 ,b ! fact t two ?+s co-exi/1 are connect$ ) "o ano!r & v>y toge!r1 does n prove t ! "o ?+ is ! o!r4 ,on ! contr>y1 x po/ulates t ! two ?+s1 ?\gh relat$1 are diff]5t4 ,! me*anical !ory ei!r commits ! fallacy ( mi/ak+ connect$ ?+s = id5tical ?+s1 or x fails to prove ! v ?+ necess>y = its ju/ification1 viz4 t ?\ghts1 emotions1 etc41 are ?+s occupy+ space & mov+ 9 space4 ,! *emical & physiological *anges :i* take place 9 ! bra9 are movem5ts 9 space4 ,b x does n foll[ t ! correspond+ pa9s or ideas float ab\t 9 ! air or move f "o po9t 9 space to ano!r4 ,fur!r1 z a metaphysical !ory1 ?is id5tification ( matt] ) m9d is a d\ble-edg$ weapon3 x cuts bo? ways3 if m9d is matt]1 matt] is m9d2 if m9d is ?9k+ matt]1 !n matt] is lat5t ?\ght2 & ?\ght is consequ5tly exhibit$ n z be+ ! la/ product ( evolution1 b z a factor 9 x f ! beg9n+4 ,b ?is id5tity ( m9d & matt] is a purely metaphysical speculation3 x is a conjecture to expla9 h[ x is t two ph5om5a c co-exi/ 9 ! way 9 :i* !y are obs]v$ to d4 ,su* conjectures sci5ce does n require3 %e does n und]take to expla9 :y ?+s are1 b to describe--if possible ) ma!matical exactness--! ord] ( _! sequ5ce or co-exi/5ce4 ,?is function sci5ce c dis*>ge equally well :e!r ! *anges ( consci\sness are or are n suppos$ to be movem5ts 9 space4 ,metaphysicians may argue ! po9t2 9 ! meantime sci5ce is describ+ & =mulat+ ! laws ( m9d & endeav\r+ to correlate ! *anges ( consci\sness ) ! physical *anges ( ! bra9 & ! n]v\s sy/em4 ,! me*anical !ory nei!r helps nor h9d]s sci5ce 9 h] "w4 ,b sci5ce does ?r[ "s difficulties 9 ! way ( ! me*anical !ory2 or1 r1 ! facts ( sci5ce refuse to fit into ! !ory4 ,if ! /ream ( consci\sness is no?+ b a s]ies ( physiological & *emical *anges1 ! laws ( ! "o ought to be id5tical ) ! laws ( ! o!r1 & bo? ) ! laws ( me*anics1 on ! me*anical !ory4 ,b !y are n4 ,^? concise descriptions ( m5tal ph5om5a :i* con/itute ! laws ( psy*ology ought to co9cide ) ^? o!r concise descriptions ( fact :i* con/itute ! laws ( *emi/ry1 if ! facts describ$ by ! two sci5ces are ! same4 ,b ! two sets ( laws h1 to say ! lea/1 m diff]5ces ?an resemblances4 ,?is br+s u to our second po9t4 ,our fir/ po9t 0 t if ! concise description ( evolution1 :i* sums x up z ! process by :i* matt] is cont9ually r$i/ribut$ 9 space1 is to be prov$ to be true1 x mu/ be %[n t movem5ts 9 space are ! only ev5ts :i* we "k to take place4 ,our second po9t is t1 unless x c be %[n t me*anical laws are ! only laws at "w 9 ! univ]se1 ?is description ( evolution does n f9d room = ! :ole work+ ( ! process ( evolution4 ,:e!r ! only laws 9 ! univ]se are me*anical laws is prim>ily a "q ( fact2 & on ! facts1 z kn[n to u at pres5t1 ! answ] to ! "q is a decid$ negative4 ,! laws ( psy*ology & ( e?ics are nei!r id5tical ) nor h !y be5 d$uc$ f any physical laws4 ,z a hypo!sis design$ to expla9 ! way 9 :i* ! _w works1 ! r$i/ribution ( matt] & motion nei!r includes nor acc\nts = ^? laws :i* are ( mo/ importance to man4 ,?is appeal to ! facts :i* are actually kn[n is1 h[ev]1 (t5 conceiv$ to be 9 reality an appeal to our ignorance3 m5tal laws h n z yet be5 %[n to be d$ucible f physical laws1 b !y may be4 ,s1 too1 ! fact t no attempt to ext5d ! gravitation =mula f a/ronomy to any o!r dep>tm5t ( sci5ce has yet succe$$1 is no pro( t x nev] w be s ext5d$4 ,nei!r1 we may rem>k1 does x con/itute any presumption t x w4 ,are !re1 !n1 any o!r gr\nds = presum+ t m5tal law may yet be %[n to be m]ely a case ( "s physical law8 ,to "s m9ds !re seem to be gr\nds = presum+ t x n only may1 b mu/4 ,h[ev] great our ignorance ( ! details ( ! process ( evolution1 !re are c]ta9 broad facts :i* are beyond dispute4 ,x is indisputable t !re 0 a p]iod 9 ! hi/ory ( ! e>? :5 !re 0 no life ^u x2 t ! elem5ts :i* con/itute liv+ matt] are !mselves lifeless2 t consci\sness is correlat$ someh[ ) ^? organic comp\nds1 ! elem5ts ( :i* are inorganic4 ,^! facts toge!r con/itute an irresi/ible presumption t ultimately m9d & matt] mu/ obey ! same laws4 ,b ?is is n ! desir$ conclusion4 ,! conclusion desir$ is t m9d mu/ obey matt]'s laws4 ,! fact t m9d & matt] obey ! same ultimate laws is a diff]5t ?+1 & r indicates t ev5 ! r$i/ribution ( matt] & motion requires ultimately "s o!r explanation ?an m]ely me*anical laws af=d4 ,to ! religi\s m9d x is q intelligible t m9d & matt] %\ld obey ! same laws--,god's laws4 ,x may be said1 h[ev]1 t we h n done full ju/ice to ! presumption rais$ by ! broad facts ( evolution4 ,:5 !re 0 no life ^u ! e>?1 ! only laws 9 op]ation mu/ h be5 physical laws1 & consequ5tly ! laws ( life & consci\sness mu/ h be5 produc$ by ! laws ( matt]4 ,n[1 ?is argum5t 9 effect am\nts to a d5ial ( any diff]5ce betwe5 ! me*anical composition & ! *emical comb9ation ( bodies4 ,bodies :5 me*anically comp\nd$ cont9ue to foll[ ! same laws z !y obey :5 uncomp\nd$1 & _! conjo9t action c be d$uc$ & =etold f ! laws to :i* !y are subject 9 _! sep>ate /ate3 ,:atev] w\ld h happ5$ 9 consequ5ce ( ea* cause tak5 by itself happ5s :5 !y are toge!r1 & we h only to ca/ up ! results4#ag ,) *emical comb9ation ! case is q diff]5t3 ! *emical comp\nd exhibits prop]ties & behaves 9 ways :i* are q diff]5t f ! prop]ties & behavi\r ( its elem5ts1 & c\ld n be =etold f any obs]vation ( !m4 ,wat]1 :i* is a comb9ation ( oxyg5 & hydrog51 exhibits no trace ( ! prop]ties ( ei!r4 ,if ?is be true ( *emical comb9ations1 x is /ill m true ( ^? f> m complex comb9ations ( elem5ts :i* con/itute organis$ bodies1 & 9 :i* ^? extraord9>y new uni=mities arise1 :i* are call$ ! laws ( life4 ,all organis$ bodies are compos$ ( p>ts simil> to ^? compos+ inorganic nature1 & :i* h ev5 !mselves exi/$ 9 an inorganic /ate2 b ! ph5om5a ( life1 :i* result f ! juxtaposition ( ^? p>ts 9 a c]ta9 mann]1 be> no analogy to any ( ! effects :i* w\ld be produc$ by ! action ( ! compon5t sub/ance consid]$ z m]e physical ag5ts4444 ,! tongue1 = in/ance1 is1 l all o!r p>ts ( ! animal frame1 compos$ ( gelat9e1 fibr91 & o!r products ( ! *emi/ry ( dige/ion1 b f no k ( ! prop]ties ( ^? sub/ances c\ld we ev] pr$ict t x c\ld ta/e1 unless gelat9e or fibr9 c\ld !mselves ta/e2 = no elem5t>y fact c be 9 ! conclusion :i* 0 n 9 ! premises4#ah ,:at is ?us true ( physiology & ( ^? *emical comb9ations on :i* x is bas$1 is true also ( sociology & ! psy*ological facts on :i* x is bas$4 ,:5 physiological elem5ts are comb9$1 ! comb9ation reveals prop]ties :i* 7 n appreciable 9 ! sep>ate elem5ts4 ,! increas+ly complex comb9ation or association ( organic elem5ts may produce an entirely special set ( ph5om5a4444 ,_! comb9ation exhibits some?+ m ?an ! m]e sum ( _! sep>ate prop]ties4 ,?us1 no k ( man z an individual w\ld enable u to =eca/ all ! in/itutions :i* result f ! association ( m5 & :i* c only manife/ !mselves 9 social life4#ai ,x is cle>1 !n1 t ! me*anical !ory ( evolution c only ma9ta9 itself by oblit]at+ ! di/9ction betwe5 me*anical juxtaposition & *emical comb9ation4 ,! ob/acles :i* /& 9 ! way ( ?is oblit]ation1 at ! outset1 are two4 ,fir/1 ! behavi\r ( a *emical comp\nd be>s no resemblance to ! behavi\r ( its con/itu5ts :5 sep>ate4 ,next1 ! laws ( ! comp\nd _c be d$uc$ or exhibit$ z consequ5ces ( ! laws ( ! sep>ate elem5ts4 ,to ^! two objections x may be repli$1 fir/1 t ?\gh ! comp\nd be>s no resemblance to its sep>ate con/itu5ts1 ! "* ( e aggregate mu/ be det]m9$ by t ( its compon5t p>ts2 &1 next1 t ) m k we %all come to see ! way 9 :i* ! laws ( ! sep>ate compon5ts g5]ate ! law ( ! :ole4 ,p]haps1 by way ( illu/ration1 we may employ an analogy4 ,a numb] ( bricks c be plac$ on "o ano!r to =m a cube2 a numb] ( cannon balls w =m a pyramidical pile4 ,! aggregate ( bricks resembles 9 %ape ! sep>ate bricks2 ! aggregate ( balls does n resemble a ball 9 %ape4 ,yet ! pyramidical %ape ( ! pile ( cannon balls is z c]ta9ly det]m9$ by ! %ape ( ! sep>ate balls1 z ! cubical %ape ( ! heap ( bricks is det]m9$ by t ( ! sep>ate bricks4 ,n[1 we d n "k ! geometrical /ructure ( *emical atoms2 b1 on ?is analogy1 x is reasonable to suppose t1 if we did1 we %\ld see at once t ! /ructure ( a *emical comp\nd is dep5d5t on1 ?\gh diff]5t f1 t ( its elem5ts4 ,s too 9 sociology1 ! aggregate1 society1 is n a human be+1 b ! "* ( any giv5 society is det]m9$ by ! "* ( its individual memb]s4 ,?is la/ illu/ration1 h[ev]1 br+s u to a fre% difficulty 9 ! way ( ! me*anical !ory4 ,z is obs]v$ 9 ! rem>ks quot$ previ\sly f ,monsieur ,b]n>d1 ! peculi> *>act]i/ic ( ^? m intimate comb9ations :i* =m ! subject-matt] ( *emi/ry1 physiology1 & sociology is t 9 !m ! comb9+ elem5ts reveal prop]ties :i* 7 n p]ceptible 9 !m previ\s to _! comb9ation4 ,x may be true t ! "* ( ^! m intimate comb9ations is det]m9$ by ! prop]ties ( _! con/itu5ts1 b x is by ! prop]ties :i* !y reveal :5 9 comb9ation1 n by ^? :i* are manife/ 9 !m :5 uncomb9$4 ,!re9 lies ! diff]5ce betwe5 me*anical comp\nds & *emical comb9ations2 & x is t diff]5ce :i* ! me*anical !ory does n acc\nt =4 ,! m intimate1 *emical1 physiological1 & sociological comb9ations take place 9 virtue ( prop]ties :i* require ! comb9ation to reveal !m4 ,9 sociology x is n ! juxtaposition ( individual m51 b _! co-op]ation1 :i* makes a society4 ,9 *emi/ry1 ! =mation ( *emical comp\nds implies ! aff9ity ( ! elem5ts4 ,x seems1 !n1 t ! me*anical !ory conta9s half ! tru?1 b n ! :ole tru?4 ,! half-tru? :i* x insi/s on is t 9 bo? me*anical & *emical comb9ations !re is juxtaposition ( ! con/itu5t elem5ts4 ,! half ( ! tru? :i* x ov]looks is t :5 ! elem5ts are juxtapos$ 9 "o way !y develop or manife/ new qualities1 :5 juxtapos$ 9 ! o!r way !y d n4 ,! me*anical !ory ass]ts t ! only factors 9 evolution are matt] & ! =ce :i* moves matt] ab\t3 x takes into acc\nt ! ext]nal factors1 b leaves out ! int]nal =ce or spontaneity 9 virtue ( :i* ?+s 9 a suitable environm5t develop new qualities4 ,d\btless ! juxtaposition ( ! elem5ts is a condition )\t :i* !y w\ld n manife/ _! new prop]ties3 ! r$i/ribution ( matt] & motion is a condition ( evolution1 b x does n con/itute evolution4 ,r1 x is ! cont9ual revelation ( ^! new qualities :i* con/itutes evolution1 *emical aff9ity & all its consequ5ces 9 *emi/ry1 spontane\s v>iation & all its consequ5ces 9 ! evolution ( organic life4 ,f ?is po9t ( view x becomes cle> :y ! laws ( a *emical comp\nd nei!r are nor c be exhibit$ z consequ5ces ( or d$uctions f ! laws ( its sep>ate con/itu5ts4 ,! prop]ties :i* ! law ( ! comp\nd describes are n ! prop]ties :i* ! sep>ate elem5ts exhibit4 ,! liv+ matt] ( biology1 ! active atoms ( *emi/ry1 are n products ( ! lifeless1 in]t matt] ( me*anics2 b are diff]5t & high] revelations ( ! same p[] :i* is manife/$ 9 diff]5t degrees 9 all4 ,x is ?is progressive manife/ation1 & n ! m]e drift+ ab\t ( bits ( matt]1 :i* con/itutes evolution4 ,! r$i/ribution ( matt] & motion may be a concomitant ( evolution1 b x is n evolution4 ,! cont9u\s adju/m5t ( int]nal relations to ext]nal relations1 :i* ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c]#bj (f]s z a def9ition ( life1 may be a condition ( ! ma9t5ance ( an organism2 b life is & means to ea* "o ( u1 & to ! humble/ ?+ t brea!s1 mu* m ?an t4 ,mr4 ,sp5c]'s def9ition ( life leaves1 = in/ance1 consci\sness out1 z ( no acc\nt 9 life1 & w\ld be equally applicable to _m automatic1 self-adju/+ ma*9es4 ,! def9ition con/itutes an admission t life & consci\sness _c be exhibit$ z a consequ5ce ( ! r$i/ribution ( matt] & motion4 ,!y appe> at a c]ta9 7or unc]ta97 po9t 9 ! process ( r$i/ribution1 & !y h z concomitants c]ta9 fur!r r$i/ributions2 b !y are nei!r ! consequ5ce ( nor are !y id5tical ) t r$i/ribution2 nor c _! laws be r$uc$ to m]e cases ( ! laws ( matt] & motion4 ,! doctr9e t evolution consi/s 9 no?+ b movem5ts 9 space1 am\nts to ! ass]tion t we "k no?+ ab\t ?+s & m5 except t !y move4 ,9 po9t ( fact1 we "k a good deal m4 ,we "k t m5 ?9k1 & t ! movem5t ( ?\ght is n a movem5t 9 space4 ,we "k t ! vibrations ( ! e!r are movem5ts 9 space & t !y are also some?+ m3 !y are kn[n to u also z sights1 s\nds1 etc4 ,no explanation or concise /atem5t ( ! process ( evolution c be satisfactory1 or ev5 sci5tific1 :i* beg9s by d5y+ ! relevance & ev5 ! reality ( ! mo/ important "p ( our k4 ,if ! fir/ pr9ciples ( evolution are to be sci5tific1 !y mu/ be inductions drawn f obs]vation & bas$ on "s simil>ity 9 ! ph5om5a obs]v$1 9 :i* case1 & 9 :i* case alone1 !y w apply to bo? classes ( ph5om5a1 m5tal & mat]ial4 ,if any pr9ciple is true ( "o class alone1 x is %[n !reby n to be a fir/ pr9ciple3 x is n univ]sally applicable4 ,?is raises ! "q :e!r !re c be any fir/ pr9ciples 9 ?is s5se1 :e!r m9d & matt] are1 to "s ext5t1 subject to ! same laws2 or :e!r ! resemblances :i* are sometimes drawn are n m]ely metaphors m or less exp&$4 ,?us we speak ( weighty objections2 b w anyone ma9ta9 t ideas are subject to1 or exemplify1 ! law ( gravitation8 ,we speak ( ideas z coh]5t or incoh]5t2 does anyone suppose t !y /ick toge!r 9 ! same way & f ! same causes z mat]ial objects coh]e8 ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c] has writt5 a *apt]#ba "u ! title ,society is an ,organism1 9 :i* he po9ts out _m resemblances betwe5 society & an organism4 ,b ,mr4 ,sp5c] himself di/9ctly ass]ts#bb t ! resemblances imply no?+ m ?an t 9 bo? society & organisms !re is a mutual dep5d5ce ( p>ts4 ,t is to say1 sociology does n h]e9 exemplify "s ( ! laws ( biology1 b sociology & biology bo? exemplify c]ta9 laws :i* hold good :]ev] !re is a mutual dep5d5ce ( p>ts4 ,aga91 ,mr4 ,sp5c] says#bc t evolution is def9able z a *ange f an incoh]5t homog5eity to a coh]5t het]og5eity1 accompany+ ! dissipation ( motion & integration ( matt]2 &1 hav+ %[n h[ & :y ! homog5e\s & ! incoh]5t 9 ! doma9 ( physics t5d to become coh]5t & het]og5e\s1 he proce$s to %[ t !re is a simil> process 9 ! evolution ( k1 & to say ^! m5tal *anges exemplify a law ( physical trans=mations t are wr\ght by physical =ces4#bd ,n[ x d\btless is a fact t ) intellectual developm5t !re goes a m accurate discrim9ation ( diff]5ces at fir/ unnotic$1 a readi] p]ception ( resemblances at fir/ undetect$1 a consequ5t segregation & classification ( ideas1 & a recognition ( het]og5eity :]e homog5eity 0 at ! fir/ glance suppos$ to prevail4 ,d\btless1 too1 z a result ( ?is process1 !re is great] coh]5cy 9 our ideas4 ,b is all ?is any?+ m ?an exp&$ metaphor8 ,if x is some?+ m1 h[ c ^! m5tal *anges exemplify a law ( physics :5 ideas nei!r /ick physically to ea* o!r nor gravitate to "o ano!r l ! p>ticles ( ! orig9al1 homog5e\s1 nebul> mass8 ,if m5tal & mat]ial ph5om5a c to "s ext5t obey ! same laws1 & ^! laws are sci5tific inductions1 !re mu/ be "s resemblance betwe5 ! ph5om5a4 ,t resemblance _c be physical or spatial1 because m5tal ph5om5a d n occupy space1 or possess weight1 or exi/ 9 ?ree dim5sions4 ,z f> z "o c see1 x consi/s 9 two po9ts3 bo? classes ( ph5om5a 7#a7 are objects ( ?\ght & 7#b7 are displays ( =ce or p[]4 ,?is implies t movem5ts 9 space are displays ( ! same =ce z is manife/$ 9 ! non-spatial movem5ts ( ?\ght4 ,! =ce :i* is display$ 9 consci\sness z ,w appe>s 9 space z motion4 ,bo? classes ( ph5om5a1 h[ev]1 are n only displays ( =ce1 b also objects ( ?\ght4 ,! reality ( a ph5om5on ( ei!r class consi/s 9 its be+ ! manife/ation ( ,w to or 9 consci\sness4 ,! reality ( ! two classes is co-ext5sive ) _! simil>ity1 & is ! sole f\ndation = any true inf]5ces or ju/ifiable g5]alisations ab\t !m4 ,if ! law ( ! in/ability ( ! homog5e\s is a fir/ pr9ciple1 & is a sci5tific induction bas$ ^u a real simil>ity betwe5 ! m5tal & mat]ial ph5om5a ( :i* x is (f]$ z an explanation1 x becomes int]e/+ to inquire h[ f> ! simil>ity ext5ds4 ,9 ! case ( m5tal evolution ! ess5tial feature ( ! process is t ! m9d gradually comes to p]ceive resemblances & to discrim9ate diff]5ces :i*1 ?\gh !y 7 pres5t all ! "t1 7 n at fir/ appreciable4 ,9 o!r words1 ! app>5tly homog5e\s 01 f ! beg9n+1 really het]og5e\s4 ,n[ ?is fact1 :i* is true 9 ! sph]e ( m5tal evolution1 f9ds its exact p>allel 9 ! evolution ( ! mat]ial univ]se1 if ! acc\nt giv5 above ( me*anical comp\nds & *emical comb9ations be true4 ,:at appe>s fir/ 9 ! process ( evolution1 & is exemplifi$ by me*anics1 is matt] app>5tly in]t4 ,b :5 ! p>ticles ( ?is app>5tly in]t matt] ent] into *emical comb9ations ) "o ano!r !y reveal a fre% set ( prop]ties1 q diff]5t f ^? exhibit$ by !m previ\s to _! comb9ation2 &1 :5 !y ent] into physiological relations1 !y display yet fur!r additional prop]ties4 ,?is progressive manife/ation x is1 & n ! accompany+ dissipation ( motion & integration ( matt]1 :i* con/itutes evolution 9 ! mat]ial _w1 & f9ds its exact p>allel 9 m5tal evolution4 ,9 bo? cases we h ,w manife/$ z object ( ?\ght2 & 9 bo? cases we judge mo/ truly ( t :i* is manife/$ :5 we judge x by its mo/ complete manife/ation4 ,9 bo? cases ! app>5t homog5eity is n ! ultimate fact und]ly+ ev]y?+1 b is only ! fir/-fruits ( t :i* is yet to come4 ,,footnotes3 #h ,fir/ ,pr9ciples1 #df4 #i ,,mill1 ,inductive ,logic1 bk4 iii4 *4 xii4 p4 #edi4 #aj ,ibid4 #aa ,fir/ ,pr9ciples1 *4 iii4 #df4 #ab ,,se?1 ,*amb]s's ,encyclopdia1 s4v4 ,philosophy4 #ac ,,kir*(f1 ,vorlesung5 b] ma!matis*e ,physik1 i4 p4 #a4 #ad ,,m]tz1 ,hi/ory ( ,european ,?\ght 9 ! ,n9ete5? ,c5tury1 i4 pp4 #chb1 #c1 note4 #ae ,,lotze1 ,microcosmus1 ,e4 ,t41 ii4 p4 #gah4 #af ,,lotze1 ,microcosmus1 ,e4 ,t41 ii4 p4 #gah4 #ag ,,mill1 ,inductive ,logic1 bk4 iii4 *4 vi4 #ah ,,mill1 ,inductive ,logic1 bk4 iii4 *4 vi4 #ai ,,claude ,,b]n>d1 quot$ 9 ,l',anne ,sociologique1 premire anne4 #bj ,pr9ciples ( ,biology1 v4 #cj4 #ba ,pr9ciples ( ,sociology1 vol4 i4 "p ii4 #bb ,ibid41 #bfj4 #bc ,fir/ ,pr9ciples1 #abg4 #bd ,ibid41 #aec4 ,,vii4 ,,necessity ,we h se5 t if mat]ial ?+s c alone be treat$ ( by sci5ce1 if ?+s :i* c be se5 & h&l$ are alone am5able to ! me?ods ( sci5ce1 !n !re c be no sci5ce ( m9d1 & no sci5tific laws to regulate m5tal ph5om5a4 ,9 ! same way1 if ! field ( evolution is completely fill$ by ! r$i/ribution ( matt] & motion1 !n !re is no room left 9 ! !ory ( evolution 9 :i* to accommodate ! hi/ory ( ideas or ( morals1 !re is no evolution ( ?\ght or morality1 no cont9uity betwe5 high] & l[] 9 ! intellectual developm5t ( man & ! brute4 ,we may admit t ! me?ods ( m5tal & moral sci5ce1 ( sociology & political economy1 are n id5tical ) ^? employ$ by physics or *emi/ry or a/ronomy4 ,b we _c admit t ! facts :i*1 if n ! prop] /udy ( mank9d1 are at any rate ( ! greate/ int]e/ to man1 are n subject to or "p ( ! process ( evolution1 & _c be r$uc$ to sci5tific law & ord]4 ,! me?ods ( ! philosophical sci5ces may n be ! same z ^? ( ! exact sci5ces2 b nei!r are ! me?ods ( *emi/ry ^? ( a/ronomy--j z ! in/rum5ts ( ! a/ronom] are n ^? ( ! *emi/4 ,! exactness :i* is atta9$ by ^? sci5ces t c apply ! me?ods ( ma!matics to _! subject-matt] _c be rivall$ by philology or psy*ology4 ,b x is n to all ! mat]ial sci5ces t ! ma!matical me?ods c be appli$3 meteorology deals ) matt] 9 motion1 b n yet ) exactitude4 ,! intangible & invisible1 b none ! less real1 facts ( our m5tal & moral exp]i5ce c be measur$ to "s ext5t by ! /ati/ics & av]ages & curves employ$ by ! sociologi/1 ! demograph]1 & political economi/3 ! int5sity ( a desire may be e/imat$ r\ghly & relatively by ! effective dem& = its object1 ! w to live by ! numb] ( suicides4 ,aga91 we may admit t ! laws ( ! exact or mat]ial sci5ces d n ext5d to m5tal sci5ce1 )\t !reby =feit+ ! "r to subject m5tal ph5om5a to sci5tific inve/igation & analysis4 ,*emi/ry does n cease to be a sci5ce because *emical aff9ity _c be exhibit$ z a case ( ! gravitation =mula4 ,ne$ psy*ology r5\nce ! claim to be a sci5ce because ! laws ( ! association ( ideas _c be d$uc$1 say1 f ! laws ( motion8 ,( c\rse1 if sci5ce has no o!r object ?an to describe ) ma!matical accuracy ! exact way 9 :i* mat]ial ?+s move1 if no me?od is sci5tific :i* does n result 9 su* a =mula1 & if no g5]alisation1 h[ev] true1 is sci5tific :i* does n =mulate motion 9 space1 !n1 inde$1 x is unsci5tific to talk ( ! evolution ( m9d & ?\ght1 ( man & ( society4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! movem5ts ( mat]ial ?+s 9 space are facts ( :i* we are aw>e1 ph5om5a ( :i* we are aw>e ?r\gh our s5ses2 9 a ^w1 !y are s5se-ph5om5a4 ,we are aw>e ( !m z exi/+ simultane\sly & 9 comb9ation1 or z succe$+ "o ^u ano!r2 & no tru?1 ev5 ( ! mo/ ma!matical & exact ( ! sci5ces1 does1 or c d1 m ?an express ) ma!matical exactness ! precise conditions "u :i* ^! s5se-ph5om5a co-exi/ or foll[ "o ano!r1 or ! precise conditions )\t :i* su* co-exi/5ce or sequ5ce _c take place4 ,a ma!matical sci5ce deal+ ) mat]ial ?+s /ates only & always t c]ta9 s5se-ph5om5a occur inv>iably & uni=mly "u c]ta9 conditions4 ,! exact sci5ces move )9 ! limits ( ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature & ! law ( ,univ]sal ,causation2 & _! subject-matt] consi/s ( s5se-ph5om5a1 i4e4 ( ?+s :i*1 z kn[n to sci5ce1 are objects ( p]ception to "s m9d4 ,b s5se-ph5om5a are n ! only m5tal ph5om5a ( :i* we are aw>e3 !re are ideas :i* we d n see or h&le1 or smell or ta/e1 b ( :i* we are nev]!less di/9ctly consci\s4 ,?\ght has its movem5t1 ideas h _! co-exi/5ce & sequ5ces1 ! association ( ideas has its laws4 ,!re is a uni=mity ( human nature z well z ( ext]nal nature2 !re are conditions "u :i* c]ta9 actions are always p]=m$1 & )\t :i* !y w\ld nev] be done4 ,:e!r ! body ( propositions 9 :i* ^! conditions are =mulat$ be accord$ or d5i$ ! "n ( sci5ce1 matt]s little4 ,b x is difficult to see :at are ! s great diff]5ces betwe5 ^! ph5om5a & s5se-ph5om5a t make ! latt] am5able & ! =m] insusceptible to sci5tific treatm5t4 ,is x t ideas are invisible8 ,s is weight1 yet ! gravitation =mula is sci5tific4 ,is x t ?\ght is impalpable8 ,s is col\r1 s is s\nd--yet !re are optics & ac\/ics4 ,be ?is z x may1 :at makes ?+s mat]ial susceptible to sci5tific treatm5t is a quality :i* is n peculi> to !m1 b :i* is %>$ by !m 9 common ) ?+s immat]ial3 x is t !y are objects ( :i* ! m9d is imm$iately aw>e1 ph5om5a pres5t to "s consci\sness1 & t !y are ph5om5a :i* appe> 9 consci\sness z co-exi/5t & successive 9 c]ta9 def9ite uni=m modes :i* c be detect$ by ?\ght & =mulat$ 9 g5]al propositions1 or laws4 ,if ! !ory ( evolution compreh5ds all ?+s1 m9d & morals z well z matt] & motion2 if ! law ( cont9uity connects all ?+s toge!r1 immat]ial z well z mat]ial1 9 a process :i* moves )\t break or int]ruption2 x is because all ?+s agree 9 ! fact t !y are pres5t$ 7:e!r 9 s5se or 9 idea7 to ! m9d1 & because !y are pres5t$ 9 ! cont9uity ( consci\sness4 ,b ! object ( ! sci5tific m9d is n to obs]ve & record all ! ph5om5a pres5t$ to x 9 ! cont9uity ( consci\sness4 ,on ! contr>y1 x neglects & rejects _m2 b always ) a purpose1 viz4 t ( asc]ta9+ & describ+1 z precisely z possible1 ! conditions "u :i* a giv5 co-exi/5ce or sequ5ce occurs 7& !re=e may be expect$ to recur7 & )\t :i* x fails to occur4 ,9 o!r words1 sci5ce assumes t ev]y?+ has a cause1 & t 9 accordance ) ! uni=mity ( nature :at has happ5$ once w happ5 aga9 9 ! same circum/ances2 t a cause w1 9 ! abs5ce ( c\nt]act+ causes1 produce its effect4 ,)\t ^! assumptions sci5ce _c treat ( any subject3 no dep>tm5t ( k c be dealt ) sci5tifically if ^! assumptions are n admitt$ ) reg>d to t dep>tm5t4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if by ! aid ( ^! assumptions we are enabl$ to r$uce any set ( ph5om5a to law & ord]1 our success is ( itself suffici5t gr\nd = reg>d+ ! assumptions z w>rantable & ju/ifiable4 ,= sci5ce1 at any rate1 ! only "q is :e!r z a matt] ( fact !y d enable u to det]m9e "u :at conditions giv5 co-exi/5ces or sequ5ces w ensue1 or :at conditions su* a co-exi/5ce or sequ5ce necess>ily implies4 ,) reg>d to human activity1 m5tal & physical1 x is pla9 matt] ( fact t su* uni=mities ( sequ5ce & co-exi/5ce n only c be b are demon/rat$ to prevail2 & ! ext5sion ( ! sci5tific pr9ciple ( cause & effect to ! doma9 ( human w & action is sci5tifically ju/ifi$4 ,! comp>ative sci5ces :i* deal ) man & 8 works & words--ar*ology1 an?ropology1 philology--are p]petually engag$ 9 demon/rat+1 ) fre% pro(s e day1 ! uni=mity ( human nature3 9 simil> circum/ances m5 h always behav$ 9 simil> ways4 ,to satisfy ! same ne$s1 !y h manufactur$ simil> in/rum5ts at simil> /ages ( developm5t3 fl9t arr[-heads f ,mexico or ,japan resemble ^? tak5 f ,briti% b>r[s2 ! pott]y ( e>ly ,greece is h>d to di/+ui% f t ( ,p]u2 ! purpose ( _m /one implem5ts ( unkn[n antiquity has be5 discov]$ by a comp>ison ( ! use to :i* simil> tools are put by savages /ill exi/+4 ,t man's words1 z well z 8 works1 exhibit law1 ord]1 & uni=mity 9 _! gr[?1 z well z 9 _! phonetic decay1 is %[n by ! sci5ce ( comp>ative philology4 ,t 9 ! face ( ! same problems simil> analogies h be5 us$ to produce simil> solutions1 is reveal$ by comp>ative my?ology3 ! imag9ation1 :i* might h seem$ mo/ free to ?r[ (f ! trammels ( law & ( monoton\s uni=mity1 falls 9 simil> circum/ances into v simil> grooves4 ,if ! w ( man is n reveal$ 9 ! ?+s :i* he makes1 9 ! words :i* he speaks1 & ! ?\ghts :i* he ?9ks1 x is difficult to "k :]e to look = its manife/ation4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 x is manife/$ 9 ^! ways1 !n1 :e!r x be free or n1 x is cle>ly uni=m 9 its action2 & ! ext5sion to x ( ! law ( causation seems fully ju/ifi$ by ! results4 ,! recognition ( ! univ]sality ( ! law ( causation mu/ n1 h[ev]1 be suppos$ to c>ry ) x any implication t !re are no diff]5ces betwe51 say1 ! organic & inorganic1 or t ! laws ( ! "o are id5tical ) or d$ucible f ^? ( ! o!r2 ! association ( ideas may be a sci5tific & e/abli%$ fact1 & yet n obey ! same laws z ! adhesiv5ess ( mat]ial sub/ances4 ,:at unites all ?+s into a cont9u\s1 coh]5t1 & sy/ematic cosmos1 into a sci5tific :ole1 is fir/ ! fact t1 :e!r ph5om5a 9 s5se or ph5om5a 9 idea1 !y are all objects ( ?\ght2 & next ! fact t !y all exhibit ! univ]sality ( causation & ! uni=mity ( nature4 ,:e!r ?is uni=mity :i* b9ds man & nature into "o consi/5t :ole is a uni=mity ( w or a uni=mity ( necessity1 is q ano!r "q4 ,x is a metaphysical & n a sci5tific inquiry2 & ! metaphysical answ]1 :atev] x may be1 is "o = :i* sci5ce does n & ne$ n pause4 ,s long z nature is grant$ to be uni=m1 x matt]s n to sci5ce :e!r ! uni=mity is ( necessity or is freely will$4 ,9 ei!r case ! sequ5ces or co-exi/5ces describ$ by sci5ce w cont9ue1 "u ! circum/ances describ$1 to happ5 z describ$4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 commonly assum$ t actions :i* are uni=m are1 by _! v uni=mity1 prov$ to be necessitat$2 & t unless :at happ5s 0 b\nd to happ51 !re c be no uni=mity & no sci5ce4 ,h5ce on ! "o h& ! recognition ( ! fre$om ( ! w has be5 d5\nc$ z fatal to all sci5tific conceptions ( human nature2 :ile on ! o!r h& ! uni=mity ( human nature & action has be5 d5i$ z be+ inconsi/5t ) ! fre$om ( ! w4 ,! "o side has po9t$ to "o set ( facts1 :i* prove irresi/ibly t m5 d w ! same ?+ "u ! same circum/ances4 ,! o!r side has po9t$ to ! equally und5iable fact ( our consci\sness ( fre$om4 ,! ess5tial feature 9 our consci\sness ( fre$om is our conviction t 9 ! pres5t we c d or ab/a9 f do+ a contemplat$ action1 & 9 ! pa/1 ?\gh we did ! ?+1 we might h ab/a9$ f x or h done some?+ else4 ,n[1 :e!r ?is possibility t :at took place might n h tak5 place is a real "o or only a delusion1 matt]s n to sci5ce4 ,if real & true1 x is inde$ fatal to "o p>ticul> metaphysical !ory1 viz4 t e ev5t :i* ev] occurr$ 0 b\nd to occur & c\ld n h happ5$ o!rwise2 b x leaves e tru? ( sci5ce1 e "o ( ^? concise descriptions ( :at takes place "u giv5 circum/ances1 absolutely intact4 ,! fre$om ( ! w is ana!matis$ 9 ! "n b n 9 ! int]e/s ( sci5ce4 ,t becomes cle> :5 we reflect t ! laws ( sci5ce are1 & d n pret5d to be m ?an1 hypo!tical /atem5ts4 ,! gravitation =mula does n /ate t bodies d z a matt] ( fact actually fall at ! rate ( sixte5 feet 9 ! fir/ second1 & s on4 ,! /atem5t1 if made1 w\ld be untrue3 a fea!r floats mu* m sl[ly to ! gr\nd4 ,/ill less does ! =mula affirm t all bodies move t[>ds ea* o!r--& = a v good reason3 _m bodies are at re/4 ,! =mula makes no def9ite /atem5t z to :at actually does occur3 x m]ely /ates :at w\ld or w happ5 "u c]ta9 circum/ances2 & x is d\bly or trebly hypo!tical4 ,fir/1 x ass]ts conditionally t if1 & only if1 bodies are free to move1 !y w t5d to move t[>ds ea* o!r at ! rate ( sixte5 feet 9 ! fir/ second1 & s on4 ,next1 ev5 if ?is condition be fulfill$ 9 a p>ticul> case1 & a giv5 body is free to move1 say1 t[>ds ! e>?1 ! law ( gravitation does n ass]t t ! body w absolutely1 or unconditionally1 or ( necessity fall sixte5 feet 9 ! fir/ second3 x only affirms t ! body t5ds to move at t rate1 & ! ^w t5ds conveys 9 its mean+ a second hypo!sis4 ,:at is meant by say+ t a body t5ds to fall1 or t5ds to move 9 a /raight l9e1 is simply t ! body w fall or move 9 ! direction or at ! rate m5tion$1 provid$ t no?+ happ5s to prev5t x4 ,! law ( gravitation !n1 l e o!r law ( sci5ce1 f ! v t]ms 9 :i* x is /at$1 conta9s two hypo!ses3 if bodies are free to move1 !n !y t5d to move at a c]ta9 rate4 ,fur!r1 l e o!r law ( sci5ce1 x is bas$ on a ?ird hypo!sis1 :i*1 z x is assum$ by all sci5tific laws1 is n expressly ref]r$ to by any4 ,t ?ird hypo!sis is t nature is uni=m3 if a body is free to move x w1 9 ! future z 9 ! pa/1 t5d to move at a c]ta9 rate1 provid$ t nature is uni=m4 ,n[1 ?r\gh\t all ?is1 x is obvi\s t sci5ce kn[s no?+ ab\t necessity4 ,inde$1 x is obvi\s t sci5ce1 by ! trebly hypo!tical =m ( all its laws1 has tak5 p>ticul> pa9s to avoid prejudg+ ! "q :e!r :at happ5s 0 b\nd to happ54 ,z we h already said1 sci5ce takes c>e to frame its /atem5ts 9 su* a way t !y are q indep5d5t ( metaphysical !ory1 & w rema9 z true )9 _! limits if ! !ory ( necessity prove errone\s z !y w if x turns out to be correct4 ,nor c x be said1 ?us f>1 t ! laws ( sci5ce lead u to ! !ory ( necessity z _! logical conclusion4 ,x may be true t if ,i walk ov] a precipice ,i %all fall to ! bottom1 9 accordance ) ! law ( gravitation4 ,b x does n logically foll[ t !re=e ,i mu/ walk ov]4 ,x may be true t a susp5sion bridge w fall 9 ! same way1 if ! supports be remov$2 b x does n foll[ t !y are !re=e b\nd to give way4 ,x may be true t if nature is uni=m c]ta9 sequ5ces w happ52 b x does n !re=e foll[ t nature mu/ be uni=m4 ,9 o!r words1 ! !ory ( necessity1 if true1 _c be bas$ on sci5ce1 b mu/ rely on "s metaphysical consid]ations4 ,sci5ce does n und]take to prove ev5 t nature is uni=m1 mu* less t x is uni=m ( necessity4 ,! opposite !ory1 t ! uni=mity ( nature or ( human nature is due to ! action ( a w freely manife/+ itself z uni=m1 may be consid]$ sup]flu\s f ! sci5tific po9t ( view4 ,b ! !ory ( necessity f ! same po9t ( view is equally sup]flu\s4 ,z long z ev5ts d happ5 uni=mly1 sci5ce has all %e wants--:e!r _! uni=mity is ( w or ( necessity is = h] q a sup]flu\s "q4 ,& if sci5ce 7 all t man want$1 ^! rival metaphysical !ories w\ld be ( no int]e/ to him ei!r4 ,b ! p]si/5cy ( ! attempt to extract "s support = ! metaphysical !ory ( necessity out ( ! facts ( sci5ce %[s t m5 ( sci5ce1 be+ m51 mu/ h _! metaphysics4 ,are !re1 !n1 o!r facts ( sci5ce1 or assumptions ess5tial to sci5ce1 :i* require ! metaphysical !ory ( necessity z _! presupposition or entail x z _! natural consequ5ce8 ,probably ! reply w be t !re is "o su* pr9ciple3 t ( ! ,univ]sality ( ! ,law ( ,causation4 ,! assumption t ev]y?+ mu/ h a cause may be on ! "p ( sci5ce a pure assumption1 & "o :i*1 l ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature1 _c be prov$ by sci5ce2 b x does1 x may be said1 assume ! exi/5ce ( a necessity 9 ?+s4 ,x does1 x may be repli$1 b :e!r ! necessity :i* sci5ce assumes is ! same z t ma9ta9$ by ! metaphysical !ory 9 "q1 may be d\bt$4 ,! metaphysical !ory is t ev]y?+ :i* happ5s happ5s ( necessity1 & c\ld n h happ5$ o!rwise ?an x did4 ,! assumptions :i* sci5ce makes ) reg>d to causation are t no?+ c happ5 unless ! conditions requisite to its production are fulfill$1 & t :5 ^? conditions are pres5t ! result necess>ily foll[s4 ,! "q is :e!r ?is sci5tific necessity is ! same z t metaphysical necessity2 or1 if !y are n ! same1 :e!r ei!r is a logical consequ5ce f ! o!r4 ,!y are n ! same3 ! sci5tific assumption is hypo!tical1 ! metaphysical absolute4 ,! =m] says t ?+s w happ5 9 "o way1 if c]ta9 conditions are fulfill$1 9 ano!r if !y are n2 ! latt] t !y absolutely mu/ happ5 9 ?is way1 & n 9 t2 & t x is an illusion to imag9e t !y c happ5 ei!r ?is way or t4 ,sci5ce all[s u ! alt]native2 ! metaphysical !ory decl>es t ! alt]native is an impossibility or an illusion4 ,! metaphysical !ory may be "r1 b x is n ! same ?+ z ! sci5tific assumption4 ,nei!r c x be exhibit$ z a logical presupposition ( or consequ5ce f ! sci5tific assumption4 ,f a hypo!tical if y _c logically get an absolute mu/4 ,x may be a sci5tific tru? t1 if an electric sp>k is pass$ ?r\gh two atoms ( hydrog5 & "o ( oxyg51 a drop ( wat] w be =m$4 ,b x does n foll[ t !re=e an electric sp>k mu/ be pass$ ?r\gh !m4 ,x is obvi\s t ! diff]5ce betwe5 sci5ce & metaphysics 9 ! matt] ( necessity is t1 :]eas sci5ce cauti\sly says1 ,if c]ta9 conditions are fulfill$1 c]ta9 results w ensue1 metaphysics boldly says1 ,! conditions on :i* ! :ole future dep5ds are already absolutely fix$4 ,once m1 ?is metaphysical !ory may be true2 b1 if s1 x is n f sci5ce t x d]ives its tru?4 ,! transition f ! if ( sci5ce to ! mu/ ( metaphysics is illogical1 ?\gh n unnatural1 & is facilitat$ by a c]ta9 am\nt ( obscurity1 :i* c be ?r[n ov] x by draw+ illu/rations f ! pa/4 ,?us1 if an ev5t has already tak5 place1 we may inf] ) c]ta9ty f ! fact ( its occurr5ce t ! conditions necess>y to produce x 7 realis$4 ,& z ea* ( ^? conditions mu/ h _h a cause1 we c inf] aga9 t ! conditions requisite to produce !m 7 fulfill$4 ,& s we may travel back ad inf9itum along a nev]-end+ *a9 ( cause & effect1 always mov+ f "o fix$ & necessitat$ ev5t to ano!r ev5t equally necessitat$ & fix$4 ,?us ! :ole pa/ hi/ory ( ! univ]se may be exhibit$ z a necess>y sequ5ce ( ev5ts2 & ! inf]5ce may be drawn1 & = ! purposes ( ! !ory ( metaphysical necessity mu/ be drawn1 t because ! occurr5ce ( an ev5t proves t ! conditions requir$ = its production 7 realis$1 !re=e !y & !y alone 7 b\nd to be realis$4 ,yet ?is is simply our old famili> non sequitur ?r[n into ! pa/ t5se4 ,x is true t if ,i walk ov] a precipice ,i %all fall1 accord+ to ! law ( gravitation4 ,b ,i am n !re=e b\nd to walk ov]4 ,x is true t ! man :o fell ov] ! cliff obey$ ! law ( gravity4 ,b we _c inf] ei!r f ! law ( gravitation or f ! fact ( 8 fall+ t he 0 b\nd to fall4 ,we c inf] t ! conditions requisite to produce ! fall 7 pres5t1 b we _c inf] f ! fall t !y 7 b\nd to be pres5t4 ,x may be q true t !y 7 b\nd to be pres5t1 b ! effect :i* foll[$ on !m _c be alleg$ ei!r z ! cause or ! pro( ( su* necessity4 ,we mu/ look = ! reason ( ! necessity--if !re be any necessity 9 ! case--else:]e4 ,%all we1 !n1 say t ! conditions ( ! fall 7 !mselves effects ( prior causes1 )\t :i* !y w\ld n h happ5$8 ,t aga9 is true1 b ! fact t ,z w\ld n h happ5$ _h n ,y prec$$1 is n 9 itself any pro( t ,y 0 b\nd to happ54 ,& s we may travel back ad inf9itum along ! nev]-end+ *a9 ( cause & effect )\t ev] f9d+ ourselves 9 a position to inf] f ! law t ev]y?+ mu/ h a cause1 t ?is cause 0 b\nd to op]ate r ?an t4 ,! occurr5ce ( ,z is no pro( t ,y 0 b\nd to happ51 nor is ! fact t ,y really happ5$ any pro( t its cause ,x 0 b\nd to occur--& s we may "w back to ! beg9n+ ( ! alphabet4 ,! fact t ,b took place %[s t ,a actually occurr$1 b n t ,a1 r ?an ,a or ,a1 0 b\nd to occur4 ,& if ,a is ! beg9n+1 :at 0 ! nature ( ! necessity 7prior to ! beg9n+ ( ?+s7 :i* det]m9$ 9 fav\r ( ,a r ?an ,a or ,a8 ,we may inde$ say1 if we l--s9ce no "o c prev5t u f say+ ?+s )\t pro( or probability--t ! m]e fact t ,a happ5$ %[s t x 0 b\nd to happ54 ,b !n we might j z well h said x ( ,z1 & sav$ ourselves ! tr\ble ( go+ ?r\gh s mu* alphabet to get s little result4 ,we might j z well say t z ! explosion or ! accid5t did happ5 z a matt] ( fact1 x c\ld n possibly h be5 prev5t$3 ,z 0 b\nd to happ5 "u ! circum/ances1 !re=e ! circum/ances c\ld n h be5 alt]$2 only "o result 0 possible "u ! conditions1 !re=e no o!r conditions 7 possible4 ,or--to g back to ! beg9n+ ( ! alphabet once m--we may say ) sci5ce t we are cont5t ) ! fact t ,a did happ51 or1 s9ce sci5ce does n pr(ess to take u back to an absolute beg9n+ 7=ce & matt] be+ et]nal & )\t beg9n+71 let u say we may1 l sci5ce1 be cont5t ) ! fact t ,k c be %[n to h happ5$2 b :e!r ,k1 r ?an ,k or ,k1 0 b\nd to occur !re is no?+ 9 sci5ce to %[4 ,if we take up ?is1 ! sci5tific1 attitude1 two consequ5ces foll[4 ,fir/1 !re is no?+ 9 sci5ce to require or c\nt5ance ! metaphysical !ory ( necessity4 ,next1 :at is true ( ,k is equally true ( ,l or ,m or ,z4 ,! fact t ,l or ,m or ,z occurr$ proves t ! conditions did comb9e 9 ! way necess>y to produce ,l or ,m or ,z1 n t !y 7 b\nd to comb9e 9 t way & c\ld n h comb9$ s z to produce ,l or ,l1 or ,z or ,z or ,z4 ,p]haps x may be said t ! foll[+ is ! prop] way ( /at+ ! case3 ,we h reason = believ+ t1 z a matt] ( sci5tific necessity1 if ,l is at "w x c only produce ,m1 & n ,m or ,m 7! application ( a light to a b>rel ( gunp[d] c h only "o result74 ,b ,l 0 at "w1 !re=e ,m alone c\ld result4 ,q true1 b t does n %[ t ! light 0 b\nd to be appli$1 or t ! p[d] might n h be5 damp4 ,9 f9e1 ! mom5t ! conditions requisite = ! explosion are comb9$1 ! explosion is necess>y1 ,m is ! only possible result2 b until !n ! explosion is n necess>y1 & ! result may be ,m1 or ,m1 or ,m4 ,a cause 7i4e4 ! conditions comb9$7 c only h "o effect2 b until x has t effect x is n ! cause1 & may nev] be4 ,pre-exi/5t causes1 :i* mu/ inevitably produce pr$et]m9$ effects1 are figm5ts ( ! metaphysical imag9ation4 ,conditions :i* may1 &1 subject to ! trebly hypo!tical laws ( sci5ce1 w comb9e 9 c]ta9 ways are sci5tific facts4 ,9 f9e1 ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature1 9 ! s5se 9 :i* ,nature is assum$1 bo? by sci5ce & by common s5se1 to be uni=m1 simply am\nts to ! assumption t "u ! same conditions ! same consequ5ces w ensue4 ,b ?is uni=mity nei!r requires nor entails necessity4 ,! v =m *os5 by sci5ce = ! expression ( sci5tific laws proclaims ! fact3 ,if bodies are free to move1 if c\nt]act+ causes be abs5t1 a body t5ds to move 9 ! same /raight l9e4 ,:atev] necessity is introduc$ into ! tru?s ( sci5ce ?us express$ is obvi\sly import$ f )\t1 & is no "p ( sci5ce4 ,we may1 if we *oose1 read necessity into sci5ce1 b !re is no w>rant 9 sci5ce = do+ s4 ,sci5ce is absolutely )\t prejudice on ?is po9t4 ,if ev]y?+ t happ5s happ5s ( necessity1 ! gravitation =mula w receive no accession to its tru?4 ,if !re be no necessity 9 ! case1 ea* & e tru? ( sci5ce rema9s valid z long z ! same consequ5ces d ensue 9 ! same circum/ances4 ,s9ce1 !n1 sci5ce obs]ves an arm$ neutrality 9 ?is dispute1 & is conc]n$ only to gu>d t assumption ( ! uni=mity ( nature :i* is vital to h] exi/5ce1 we mu/ turn else:]e = a decision ( ! "q4 ,we began ?is *apt] ) an expression ( our full adhesion to ! view :i* insi/s ^u ! uni=mity1 n m]ely ( nature1 b also ( human nature4 ,we reject$ ! idea t !re is no sci5ce ( man1 & has be5 no evolution ( m9d1 z a pat5t absurdity1 & a viol5t contradiction ( admitt$ facts4 ,any !ory ( evolution & any def9ition ( sci5ce :i* fails to compreh5d human nature is !reby condemn$ z inadequate & inaccurate4 ,= ^?1 !n1 :o ) u accept ! cont9uity & uni=mity betwe5 nature & man !re w be no difficulty 9 argu+ f ! "o to ! o!r3 :i* ( ! two we %all />t f w dep5d ma9ly ^u circum/ances1 ^u :i* is ! m accessible 9 any p>ticul> inquiry1 & :i* is likely to af=d ! be/ take-(f4 ,9 ! pres5t case ! action ( inanimate objects ^u "o ano!r c be acc\nt$ = on ei!r hypo!sis1 i4e4 t su* action is will$ by "s sup]ior p[] or t x is necessitat$ by "s previ\s action1 :i* is necessitat$ by "s o!r previ\s action1 & s on = ev]1 )\t ev] rea*+ any orig9al or orig9at+ necessity4 ,bo? hypo!ses w fit all ! facts ( all ! physical sci5ces2 bo? are hypo!ses2 & sci5ce c d & does d )\t ei!r "o or ! o!r4 ,nor does our obs]vation ( ! obs]v$ facts ( nature enable u to say1 ) reg>d to any actual fact ( ?is k9d1 ei!r t x c\ld or t x c\ld n h happ5$ o!rwise ?an x did4 ,9 f9e1 z long z we conf9e ourselves to ! subject-matt] ( ! physical sci5ces1 z long z we />t 9 ?is case f nature1 we _c f9d any?+ to di/urb ! equal balance ( ! two hypo!ses1 :i* are two hypo!ses & no?+ m4 ,b :5 we turn f nature to human nature1 :5 we consult our own exp]i5ce ( our own actions1 ! case is notori\sly diff]5t4 ,our exp]i5ce 9 t case is t ( two or m sugge/$ & possible actions we are free to *oose :i*ev] we w2 & our memory ( pa/ acts ( *oice te/ifies t ?\gh we actually *ose "o p>ticul> c\rse1 we might h ab/a9$ f x 9 fav\r ( "s o!r alt]native4 ,"h1 too1 z 9 ! case ( purely physical causation1 ! fact t a ?+ happ5$ is pro( conclusive t1 9 accordance ) ! law ( univ]sal causation1 ! conditions necess>y to its occurr5ce 7 fulfill$2 b x con/itutes no pro( or probability t ! conditions 7 b\nd to be fulfill$4 ,! fact t we *ose to act 9 a c]ta9 way does n 9 ! lea/ conv9ce u t we 7 b\nd to *oose t action & t action alone4 ,on ! contr>y1 our memory is cle> & our conviction is c]ta9 t our *oice 0 free4 ,9 ! physical & ! spiritual sph]es alike x is true t1 :5 all ! conditions requisite = a giv5 effect are comb9$1 ! result mu/ ensue4 ,& 9 bo? sph]es x is equally true t until ! conditions are effectively comb9$ no su* necessity exi/s4 ,9 ! case ( our own actions we are directly & imm$iately consci\s ( ! fact t x is our own w :i* effects ?is comb9ation4 ,= u1 !re=e1 :o hold1 ) ,pr(essor ,huxley1 t ! uni=mity & cont9uity ( nature ) human nature is ess5tial to any rational & sci5tific view ( ! univ]se & to e compreh5sive !ory ( evolution1 x is natural to int]pret physical by spiritual causation4 ,we "k f direct & p]sonal exp]i5ce ( c]ta9 cases ( causation t1 ?\gh a p>ticul> effect necess>ily ensu$ f a c]ta9 comb9ation ( conditions1 ! conditions might h be5 comb9$ diff]5tly & ) a diff]5t result4 ,!re is1 !re=e1 no?+ unreasonable 9 ! inf]5ce t ) reg>d to ! ev5ts 9 nature ! conditions :i* produc$ !m might h comb9$ diff]5tly & ) diff]5t results2 & t ! det]m9+ factor 0 a w 7n our own7 consci\s ( its own fre$om4 ,?us f>1 !n1 ! case /&s ?us1 t 9 ! obs]v$ facts ( nature !re is no?+ to incl9e ! balance 9 fav\r ei!r ( ,necessity or ,free-w2 & t if ^? facts con/itut$ ! :ole ( our exp]i5ce we %\ld h no reason to believe ! "o r ?an ! o!r4 ,b :5 we turn to ! consid]ation ( ev5ts ( :i* we are ! cause1 we "k t our contribution to ! sum ( conditions on :i* ! ev5t dep5ds is a free-w (f]+ :i* we make or decl9e to make z we l4 ,t consid]ation w\ld n 9 itself be suffici5t to w>rant u 9 inf]r+ a simil> abs5ce ( necessity 9 ! comb9ation ( ! conditions :i* produce natural ev5ts4 ,if1 = in/ance1 we _h reason to believe or evid5ce to %[ an absolute *asm betwe5 nature & human nature1 an impossibility ( _! be+ subject to any common laws or conceptions2 or if1 l primitive man or ! savage1 we _h n ! accumulat$ obs]vations ( sci5ce to demon/rate ! tru? ( evolution & ! law ( cont9uity--!n we %\ld h no reason or little reason1 z ! case might be1 = int]pret+ nature's action & human action by "o ano!r4 ,! savage1 z is well kn[n1 does1 )\t any sci5tific au?ority :atev]1 assume /raight (f an entire uni=mity ( nature ) human nature4 ,he jumps at conclusions3 he takes x = grant$ t ev]y?+ :i* moves has a w ( its own1 l himself4 ,b ?\gh ! savage %>es ) ! savant ! impulse to believe 9 an ess5tial cont9uity b9d+ toge!r man & nature1 t impulse is ab\t all !y h 9 common4 ,9 ! savage x expresses itself 9 an absolute id5tification1 entirely ignor+ all diff]5ces1 betwe5 ! two3 ! tree or ! riv] has to be a consci\s1 rational creature1 ?\gh its behavi\r be>s m diff]5ce f ?an resemblance to t ( a human be+4 ,9 ! savant1 ! same impulse is tra9$ to f]tility by be+ con/antly subject$ to ! guidance ( obs]v$ facts3 man z an animal organism is subject to ! same physiological laws z o!r simil> organisms2 z an organic comp\nd1 to ! same *emical *anges2 z a body possess+ in]tia1 to ! same physical laws4 ,! savant's belief1 h[ev]1 9 ! cont9uity ( nature & human nature is consi/5t ) or r implies po9ts ( diff]5ce betwe5 ! two2 e4g4 man possesses a consci\sness :i* ! riv] does n1 man is1 ! riv] is n1 a consci\s cause4 ,great ?\gh ^! diff]5ces be1 /ill !y are n 9 ! eyes ( sci5ce & f ! po9t ( view ( evolution great en\gh to con/itute a brea* ( cont9uity1 = human actions are ) ! gr[? ( sci5ce increas+ly se5 to be "p ( ! uni=mity ( nature3 ! human cause only produces its effect provid$ t all ! requisite conditions are =?com+4 ,inde$1 !re is a dang]1 9 "s t5d5cies ( mod]n ?\ght1 ( ignor+ ! diff]5ces & ( conf\nd+ cont9uity ) id5tity4 ,! di/9ction betwe5 ! animate & ! inanimate1 :i* 0 h>dly rea*$ by ! savage1 is 9 dang] ( be+ ov]look$ by ! mod]n mat]iali/--an error :i* w\ld be p>allel$ 9 religion by a relapse f mono!ism into nature-wor%ip4 ,& z 9 ! pa?ology ( religion !re is a con/ant t5d5cy to sub/itute = religi\s fai? a tru/ 9 ! automatic efficacy ( rites & c]emonies1 :i* is a fall+ away into m]e magic1 s 9 metaphysic !re is a t5d5cy1 9 ! "n ( sci5ce falsely invok$1 to sub/itute = ! actions ( ag5ts consci\sly free ! op]ation ( an automatic & magical necessity4 ,fre$om ( ! w is con/antly tak51 or r mi/ak51 bo? by its support]s & oppon5ts1 to mean ! p[] ( act+ )\t a motive1 & to imply t f id5tically ! same comb9ation ( conditions "o result c ensue at "o "t & q a diff]5t "o at ano!r2 & fre$om ( ! w 9 ?is s5se1 & ) ?is implication1 is rightly reject$ z inconsi/5t ) ! uni=mity ( nature4 ,fre$om1 h[ev]1 means n ! abs5ce ( motive1 b ! pres5ce ( m motives ?an "o1 = :]e !re is no alt]native !re is no fre$om1 & :]e !re is an alt]native !re is a *oice betwe5 two ?+s4 ,! fact t consci\s action is always action ) a motive has no?+ 9 x repugnant to ! uni=mity ( nature1 unless uni=mity ( nature is arbitr>ily assum$ to be id5tical ) necessity4 ,nor has ! uni=mity ( nature1 i4e4 ! fact t ! same action issues f ! same comb9ation ( conditions1 any?+ 9 x inconsi/5t ) ! fre$om ( ! w1 unless ! occurr5ce ( an ev5t proves t x 0 b\nd to occur4 ,! laws ( sci5ce--:e!r physical sci5ce or m5tal & moral sci5ce--are hypo!tical /atem5ts3 if ! love ( ga9 pr$om9ates 9 m51 !n all ! consequ5ces pr$ict$ by ! sci5ce ( ,political ,economy w ensue4 ,b ?is proves nei!r t ! love ( ga9 mu/ nor ev5 t x does prevail4 ,! uni=mity :i* m>ks ! actions ( m5 z (t5 z ?is motive prevails is suffici5t = ! purposes ( sci5ce1 & is consi/5t ) ! fre$om ( ! w2 x does n imply t m5 act )\t a motive1 nor t ! same conditions produce n[ "o effect & n[ ano!r4 ,until ! conditions :i* are necess>y = ! production ( a physical ev5t are effectively comb9$1 physical sci5ce kn[s no necessity to make !m comb9e 9 t p>ticul> way2 if !y comb9e 9 "s o!r way1 & ) "s o!r result1 t comb9ation w equally illu/rate ! tru? ( sci5ce 7:i* says1 if ,a !n ,b1 if ,a !n ,b71 & ! result w equally accord ) ! uni=mity ( nature4 ,! same consid]ations apply to human nature1 & if appli$ w be f\nd consi/5t ) ! fre$om ( ! w4 ,until ! m9d is made up1 i4e4 s long z !re are alt]native c\rses op5 to x1 ! man is free1 j 9 ! same way z 9 physical sci5ce1 until ! comb9ation ( conditions is effect$1 ! result may or may n foll[4 ,if "o alt]native is adopt$ "o set ( consequ5ces w ensue1 if ano!r1 ano!r2 b :i*ev] is adopt$ ! results w be 9 accordance ) ! uni=mity ( nature1 ! law ( cause & effect w n h be5 violat$1 ! m9d w n h act$ )\t a motive1 or "u ! influ5ce ( necessity4 ,9 f9e1 ! univ]sality ( ! law ( causation lies 9 ! fact t1 h[ev] ! conditions comb9e1 ea* comb9ation c only produce its peculi> effect2 & :atev] effect occurs c be ! result only ( its appropriate conditions4 ,to say ) ! necessit>ian t1 unless at ! beg9n+ ( ?+s ! c\rse ( ev5ts 0 unalt]ably fix$ once & = ev]1 !re c be no sci5ce1 is to d5y ! univ]sality ( ! laws ( sci5ce1 to ma9ta9 t !y are true only ( "o p>ticul> succession ( ev5ts1 & w\ld n be true ( any o!r4 ,9 po9t ( fact1 h[ev]1 ! laws ( sci5ce1 by _! hypo!tical =m1 are adapt$ to cope ) :at is at lea/ z /rik+ z ! uni=mity ( nature1 t is1 ! div]sity ( nature3 !y apply n m]ely to "o1 b to all possible comb9ations ( circum/ances4 ,9 :at way a body w move dep5ds ^u ! conditions at "w2 b ,sci5ce is n su* a maim$ & crippl$ ?+ t %e refuses to consid] its motion until %e has be5 assur$ t1 ( ! v>i\s conceivable conditions t might be br\ght to be> on ! body1 only "o c1 z a matt] ( fact1 be br\ght to be>4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! univ]sality ( h] laws lies 9 ! fact t !y apply to all possible comb9ations1 n m]ely to comb9ation ,a produc+ ,b1 b to ,a produc+ ,b1 ,a produc+ ,b1 & s on4 ,! orig9 ( all t]re/rial life may be trac$ back1 let u say1 to ! =tuit\s comb9ation ( *emicals :i* con/itut$ ! fir/ speck ( protoplasm2 & sundry important consequ5ces c be %[n by sci5ce to h fl[$ f t =tuit\s concurr5ce4 ,! orig9 ( any p>ticul> species may be trac$ back to ! accid5tal appe>ance ( a sport or v>iety :i* happ5$ to be bett] adapt$ to ! environm5t ?an ! p>5t =ms 74 ,b1 if ^! accid5tal & =tuit\s occurr5ces _h n tak5 place1 ! subsequ5t c\rse ( ?+s ^u e>?1 ?\gh !re might h be5 no life1 w\ld /ill h be5 j z mu* 9 accordance ) ! uni=mity 7& ! div]sity7 ( nature1 & equally am5able to sci5tific explanation4 ,! !ory t ! fir/ speck ( protoplasm or ! ance/ral v>iety ( a species 0 b\nd by a metaphysical necessity to occur j :5 & :]e x did1 is ( no use to sci5ce3 if ,a _h n happ5$1 ,a or ,a or ,a w\ld h done1 & ! result+ ,b or ,b or ,b or ,b w\ld h be5 equally 9 accordance ) ! uni=mity ( nature & equally explicable by sci5ce4 ,if1 !n1 9 ! physical _w nei!r sci5ce nor ! uni=mity ( nature requires u to believe 9 necessity1 !re is no antec$5t presumption t necessity mu/ be ! law ( ! spiritual _w3 we may exam9e ! facts ( our own inn] exp]i5ce )\t prejudice4 ,:at ! fre$om ( ! w implies is t ! m9d has pres5t to x m alt]natives or motives ?an "o1 & t !y are real alt]natives & real motives1 i4e4 motives :i* may really 9 ?is p>ticul> case influ5ce action1 alt]natives any "o ( :i* may be adopt$ 9 ?is case4 ,! circum/ances or conditions 9 :i* a man makes up 8 m9d are1 until he has made up 8 m9d1 s to speak1 held 9 solution1 & may be precipitat$ ?is way or t at 8 *oice1 or n precipitat$ at all1 unless he *ooses4 ,! fact t 9 ! same circum/ances ! same result ensues is no argum5t aga9/ ! fre$om ( ! w1 if x be rememb]$ t ! w is itself "o ( ! circum/ances :i* contribute to ! result1 j z ! mass ( a body1 z well z ! =ce appli$ to x1 helps to det]m9e its velocity4 ,! /atem5t ( ! case !n becomes ?is3 if all ! circum/ances ( ! case be ! same1 & ! w be ! same1 ! consequ5ces 7i4e4 ! det]m9ation ( ! w7 also w be ! same4 ,b ! necessit>ian position requires ! /atem5t t if all ! circum/ances be ! same1 !n )\t any fur!r proviso ! w is det]m9$ by ! circum/ances2 or1 to put x ano!r way1 t ! w does n 9 any way contribute to ! result1 :i* is j z ?\gh we 7 to say t ! mass ( a body _h no?+ to d ) its velocity4 ,b if ! w does contribute to ! result1 i4e4 to ! det]m9ation ( itself1 x is 9 "p self-det]m9+4 ,t !re mu/ be "s circum/ances pres5t1 if !re is to be any self-det]m9ation on ! "p ( ! w1 we h already admitt$2 ! fre$om ( ! w implies ! pres5ce ( m alt]natives or motives ?an "o--& we always h ! alt]native ( act+ or ab/a9+ f action4 ,b ?is admission only limits ! p[]s ( ! w2 x does n less5 its lib]ty4 ,! m9d c only *oose betwe5 ! alt]natives (f]$ to x2 b z long z x has real alt]natives x is free4 ,t !re mu/ be def9ite circum/ances if !re is to be any def9ite det]m9ation ( ! w is 9 accordance ) ! fact t a cause is n "s "o individual ?+1 b a sum ( conditions1 e "o ( :i* is necess>y to ! effect1 & ! abs5ce ( any "o ( :i* is en\gh to prev5t ! occurr5ce ( ! result4 ,x is a vulg> error to s+le out "s "o ( ! conditions 7e4g4 ! =ce act+ on a body7 & dub x ! cause1 to ! neglect ( all ! o!r conditions 7e4g4 ! body's mass7 :i* are equally necess>y to ! effect4 ,x is ! error committ$ by ! necessit>ian :o calls ! circum/ances ! cause1 9 ! case ( a det]m9ation ( ! w1 & neglects ! "p play$ by ! w itself4 ,?is po9t ( view illu/rates ! unt5ability ( ano!r objection to ! fre$om ( ! w1 viz4 t x implies t "u ! same conditions diff]5t results c ensue1 or1 to put x 9 o!r words1 t )\t any *ange 9 ! conditions ei!r ?is or t consequ5ce may issue4 ,fre$om ( ! w is ?us alleg$ to be inconsi/5t ) ! uni=mity ( nature1 ) ! law t a cause mu/ produce its effect4 ,! fallacy "h obvi\sly lies 9 assum+ t1 9 a modification ( ! w1 ! circum/ances by !mselves con/itute ! cause1 :]eas 9 po9t ( fact ! cause consi/s ( ! sum ( ! conditions1 i4e41 9 ?is case1 ( ! circum/ances & ! w tak5 9 comb9ation4 ,alt] any "o ( ! conditions1 & ! effect w be *ang$--:e!r ! condition :i* is *ang$ be "o ( ! circum/ances or be ! w1 matt]s n4 ,conv]sely1 if "u ! same circum/ances a man acts "o way "o "t & ano!r ano!r1 ! inf]5ce is n t ! uni=mity ( nature has be5 violat$1 & t ! same conditions produce diff]5t effects1 b t "o ( ! conditions 0 diff]5t2 & z ex hypo!si ! circum/ances 7i4e4 all ! conditions except ! w7 7 9 ?is case ! same1 x rema9s t ! condition :i* 0 diff]5t 9 ?is case 0 ! w4 ,really1 x is ! !ory ( necessity :i* violates ! uni=mity ( nature1 = x requires u to believe t provid$ c]ta9 ( ! conditions 7viz4 all ! circum/ances except ! w7 are ! same1 !n ! result mu/ be ! same1 no matt] h[ mu* ! rema9+ condition 7! w7 *anges4 ,we may1 inde$1 evade ?is conclusion by simply d5y+ t ! w is "o ( ! conditions ( its own modifications1 & we may say t ! wax contributes no?+ to ! =m :i* x takes on :5 impress$ by ! seal4 ,! tru? is t if ! w or ! wax appe>s 9 ! result1 x mu/ h be5 pres5t & active z "o ( ! conditions3 x contributes to its own det]m9ation1 & is 9 "p self-det]m9+4 ,if x be 9 accordance ) ! uni=mity ( nature & ) our exp]i5ce ( :at actually happ5s1 t ! circum/ances %\ld be ! same & ! w diff]5t on two diff]5t occasions1 !n ! !ory ( necessity breaks d[n3 if we c w & act diff]5tly "u ! same circum/ances1 we h all ! fre$om we want4 ,b if--all ! circum/ances1 save ! w1 be+ ! same--! result+ modification or det]m9ation ( ! w is diff]5t1 !n ! diff]5ce ( result mu/ be due to "s diff]5ce 9 ! conditions2 all ! conditions save "o 7 ex hypo!si ! same2 ! rema9+ condition1 !re=e1 viz4 ! w1 mu/ h *ang$4 ,:at caus$ ! *ange8 ,n ! circum/ances3 "o attempt to explode a b>rel ( gunp[d] may resemble ano!r 9 all ! circum/ances save "o 7! dampness ( ! p[d]71 b ! circum/ances :i* rema9 ! same 7application ( ! sp>k1 etc47 are n ! cause ( ! diff]5ce 9 ! rema9+ condition4 ,if1 !n1 we d z a matt] ( fact at times "u ! same circum/ances w diff]5t ?+s1 & if ! circum/ances are n ! cause ( ! *ange ( w1 !n ! w *anges itself1 i4e4 is self-det]m9+1 self-modify+4 ,&1 z we all "k f exp]i5ce1 x det]m9es itself at ! mom5t ( *oice1 n be=e4 ,until all ! conditions requisite = ! effect are comb9$1 nei!r physical nor m5tal sci5ce requires u to assume t !y mu/ comb9e 9 ?is p>ticul> way--t ! light mu/ be appli$ to ! p[d] because an explosion w take place if x is appli$1 t ! motive ( ga9 mu/ be adopt$ because x w be gratifi$ if x is obey$4 ,:e!r ! conditions comb9e s z to produce ,a1 or s z to produce ,b1 ! uni=mity ( nature is equally obey$ 9 ei!r case1 ! law t a cause mu/ produce its effect is equally fulfill$1 & ei!r sequ5ce is z am5able to sci5tific explanation z ! o!r4 ,b ?\gh sci5ce & ! uni=mity ( nature bo? require u to believe t :5 ! conditions are comb9$ ! result w foll[1 nei!r requires u to assume t ! comb9ation is fix$ be=e x is effect$4 ,& ?is is true equally ( purely physical ev5ts & ( human actions4 ,?is tru?1 9 ! case ( ! latt] class ( actions1 is express$ by ! /atem5t t alt]native c\rses ( action are op5 to ! ag5t1 & t !y are real alt]natives1 alt]natives su* t any "o ( !m may 9 ?is p>ticul> in/ance be foll[$4 ,f ! po9t ( view ( sci5ce & ( ! uni=mity ( nature1 we d n conceive t !re is any diff]5ce 9 ?is respect betwe5 human actions & physical ev5ts3 if sci5ce is to include bo? k9ds ( sequ5ce & to r5d] a rational acc\nt ( !m1 we mu/ assume t ! pr9ciples on :i* conditions comb9e or fail to comb9e are ! same 9 bo? cases4 ,if physical ev5ts & human actions are bo? con/itu5ts 9 ! process ( evolution1 !re mu/ be a cont9uity betwe5 !m4 ,x foll[s1 !re=e1 t1 9 ! case ( physical ev5ts z well z ( human actions1 until ! conditions are comb9$ 9 su* a way z to involve "o det]m9ate result to ! exclusion ( all o!rs1 !y might comb9e 9 o!r ways ) o!r results--9 f9e1 t be=e ! comb9ation is effect$ !re are always o!r alt]natives4 ,at ?is po9t x becomes necess>y to take into acc\nt ! div]sity z well z ! uni=mity ( nature--9 ?is case a div]sity :i* w lead u to a high] uni=mity4 ,to ! human ag5t alt]native c\rses ( action are op5 9 ! s5se t he is consci\s ( _! possibility & t aft] delib]ation he adopts "o or o!r ( !m4 ,) purely physical ph5om5a & mat]ial ?+s ! case is diff]5t3 !y may be comb9$ 9 ?is way or 9 t2 ! alt]native is inde$ op51 s long z ! comb9ation is n effect$1 b x is n op5 to !m nor is x adopt$1 :5 adopt$1 by !m4 ,x is adopt$ = !m4 ,9 "s cases by man4 ,9 all cases by t by :i* alone alt]native c\rses ( action c be contemplat$ & adopt$--a consci\s w4 ,! c\rse & =m :i* man imp>ts to mat]ial ?+s--to 8 implem5ts or 8 works ( art--make !m s f> ! expression ( 8 w2 = ! re/ !y are equally an expression ( w1 ?\gh ( a w n 84 ,= ^? at ! pres5t day :o unfeign$ly accept ! g5]al pr9ciples ( evolution & philosophise f !m1 a duali/ic philosophy is impossible4 ,!y _c hold t matt] is subject to evolution & t m9d is n2 & ! cont9uity ( ! process ( evolution =bids u to suppose t !re is any real discont9uity betwe5 t :i* appe>s at "o /age z matt] & at ano!r z m9d4 ,!re is no discont9uity if mat]ial ?+s 7i4e4 ! ?+s ( :i* we h s5se-p]ception1 b :i* diff] f our s5sations 9 be+ p]man5t7 are on ! "o side ! p]man5t expressions ( ,w & on ! o!r are ! transi5t impressions made on u 9 ! %ape ( s5se-ph5om5a4 ,:at is true ?us ( ! cont5t ( evolution1 ( t :i* is 9 process ( evolution1 is true also ( ! law ( ! process4 ,we _c suppose t x ext5ds only to matt]--t ! behavi\r ( matt] is susceptible ( a rational explanation & ! behavi\r ( m9d is n4 ,! cont9uity ( ! process excludes ! possibility ( a dual control3 ei!r ! p[] :i* manife/s itself 9 all ?+s is intellig5t ?r\gh\t or x is n4 ,if !re is no reason 9 ! behavi\r ( ?+s1 b only necessity1 !n ^? human actions & conceptions :i* man consid]s to be ! result ( 8 reason are really ! result ( un9tellig5t necessity4 ,x is ! latt] hypo!sis :i* is express$ by ! necessit>ian !ory4 ,! ord9>y belief ( mank9d--a belief :i* x is impossible to resi/ at ! mom5t :5 y are mak+ up y\r m9d :e!r y w d ?is or n--is t y c d ! ?+ or n1 t ! alt]natives are real & ! motives su* t ei!r ( !m may be act$ on4 ,! necessit>ian hypo!sis is t ! alt]natives are n real1 t ev5 be=e y h made up y\r m9d !re is only "o alt]native :i* y c foll[--! o!r c\rses are only app>5t alt]natives1 because y _c *oose or act on any ( !m2 ! o!r motives are n real motives1 because by a necessity dat+ f ! beg9n+ ( ?+s !y _c possibly influ5ce y on ?is occasion4 ,y\r action is z automatic z t ( a piano :i* responds to ! t\*4 ,! diff]5ce is t y ?9k ab\t ! /imulus receiv$ & ! piano does n4 ,consequ5tly ! piano makes no mi/akes2 y make two4 ,y ?9k ( v>i\s possible consequ5ces ( ! /imulus--:i* are all impossible--& y imag9e t ! "o :i* y *oose is ! consequ5ce ( y\r intellig5t *oice1 :]eas x is ! automatic outcome ( t iron law ( necessity :i* b9ds toge!r ! :ole process ( evolution4 ,x w be readily und]/ood t a hypo!sis ( ?is k9d1 :i* is app>5tly 9 viol5t conflict ) ! pla9e/ facts ( our daily p]sonal exp]i5ce1 & gives ! lie to t consci\sness ( fre$om :i* we all possess1 w\ld n be held 9 !ory--x _c be act$ on 9 practice--unless x appe>$ to be ! consequ5ce ( "s well-e/abli%$ facts4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 held by its support]s to be a logical consequ5ce f ! uni=mity ( nature & ! law ( univ]sal causation1 & to be a necess>y pre-supposition if we are to give any sci5tific acc\nt ( human nature & its evolution4 ,if1 z we h argu$ at l5g? 9 ?is *apt]1 t is n ! case1 if ! law ( univ]sal causation only requires t a ?+ _c take place unless ! requisite conditions comb9e--& n t conditions1 :i* did or may comb9e1 7 or are b\nd to comb9e--! "q /ill rema9s1 :at if any value ! hypo!sis has on its own intr9sic m]its4 ,9 ! fir/ place x is a hypo!sis :i* c nev] ei!r be prov$ or disprov$4 ,! hypo!sis is t our suppos$ consci\sness ( fre$om is an illusion1 t if we imag9e we are free to *oose :at we w d1 or t we c\ld 9 ! pa/ h *os5 o!rwise ?an we did1 we are deceiv$4 ,! hypo!sis is n bas$ on any facts ( consci\sness3 x is a sugge/ion t consci\sness may be deceptive4 ,x may3 !re is no means ( prov+ or disprov+ ! sugge/ion1 = any reply mu/ proce$ f "o consci\sness to ano!r1 bo? ( :i* are suspect$ by ! mak] ( ! sugge/ion to be n :olly tru/wor?y4 ,we _c ask him to conc$e to u1 9 ord] t we may conv9ce him by argum5t1 ! v po9t :i* is 9 dispute4 ,9 ! next place1 ! hypo!sis ( necessity does =mally acc\nt = all ! facts :i* x is design$ to expla93 x acc\nts = ! :ole process ( evolution4 ,if ev]y?+ t happ5s does s because x mu/1 !n ! m]e occurr5ce ( any /ep 9 ! process c>ries its own explanation ) x3 ! m]e fact t x occurr$ %[s t x 0 b\nd to occur4 ,if we ask1 ,:y 0 x b\nd to occur8 ! answ] is1 ,because x 04 ,v>i\s int]m$iate reasons may be int]polat$--because ev]y?+ mu/ h a cause1 & e cause mu/ h its effect--b if we ask1 ,:y mu/ ev]y?+ h a cause8 :y mu/ e cause produce its effect8 ! ultimate answ] is always1 ,x mu/ because x mu/4 ,if we ask1 ,:at pro( is !re t x mu/8 !re is none4 ,z we h already said1 ! hypo!sis is "o :i* does n admit ei!r ( pro( or dispro(4 ,! case is mu* ! same ) ! opposite !ory ( fre$om4 ,=mally1 ! hypo!sis t ! :ole process ( evolution is ?r\gh\t ! expression ( self-det]m9+ w is adequate to acc\nt = all ! facts4 ,b x is a hypo!sis :i* c be nei!r prov$ nor disprov$ if ! te/imony ( consci\sness to our fre$om may n be accept$4 ,we _c prove t ! te/imony ( consci\sness is true or to be tru/$ 9 ?is or any o!r matt]4 ,we take x on fai?4 ,! que/ions arise1 !re=e1 ,is x reasonable to take any?+ on fai?8 & if s1 :at8 & :y8 ,,viii4 ,,insuffici5t ,,evid5ce ,! !ory ( ,design is s+ul>ly t5aci\s ( exi/5ce1 z _m errors & all tru?s are4 ,sci5ce /ill speaks ( organs1 t is ( tools 771 & ( organs z p]=m+ functions2 = ! fact rema9s t organs are ! in/rum5ts by means ( :i* ! organism acts1 & t !y h ea* _! appropriate "w to d1 _! function to p]=m1 ?\gh sci5ce may decl9e to draw ! inf]5ce t ! in/rum5ts 7 design$ to p]=m ! "w !y d4 ,! ,argum5t f ,design 0 a comp>atively simple affair z long z ! organism & ! environm5t 7 assum$ to h be5 sep>ately creat$3 y _h only to %[ h[ m>vell\sly & p]fectly !y fitt$ "o ano!r :5 br\ght toge!r1 & x foll[$ t !y mu/ h be5 design$ to fit--to say !y only *anc$ to fit 0 obvi\sly absurd4 ,b :5 sci5ce discov]$ t organism & environm5t 7 n ?us indep5d5t ( "o ano!r1 ! m>vel vani%$3 if ! environm5t %ap$ ! organism1 or ! organism modifi$ ! environm5t to suit itself1 no wond] t !y fitt$ "o ano!r4 ,x ceases to be rem>kable t riv]s %\ld always fl[ by great cities1 :5 we reflect t m5 select$ sites ne> riv]s4 ,& *ance seem$ to h be5 e/abli%$ by ,evolution :]e ,design once reign$2 =1 if ! only =ms ( life :i* c fl\ri% 9 a giv5 spot are ^? :i* are suit$ to ! place1 all we c say is t1 if "o =m is fit to survive1 x w2 & if x is n1 "s o!r w4 ,:atev] =m survives w d s1 n because x 0 design$ to d s1 b because x happ5$ to be suit$ to its surr\nd+s4 ,9 f9e1 organisms & _! organs are :at !y are because circum/ances & _! pa/ hi/ory h made !m s3 !y h be5 evolv$1 n design$4 ,a little reflection1 h[ev]1 is en\gh to %[ t ! ,argum5t f ,design is n completely exclud$ by evolution3 ?+s 9 g5]al are :at circum/ances & _! pa/ hi/ory h made !m2 b 7 n ^? v circum/ances design$ to evolve :at !y did8 ,nay1 are we n compell$ to assume t !y 7 s design$1 if we believe 9 a ,design]8 ,if1 h[ev]1 we ask ,natural ,sci5ce to discuss ^! que/ions ) u1 %e decl9es ! invitation on ! gr\nd t x is n h] bus9ess to d s3 h] bus9ess is to f9d out 9 :at way1 n ) :at purpose1 animal life has come to assume ! v>i\s =ms 9 :i* we "k x2 & %e c d ?is1 h] bus9ess1 q well--inde$ bett]--)\t discuss+ su* que/ions4 ,if x 7 prov$ t ! hi/ory ( animal life ^u ?is e>? _h be5 int5d$ f ! beg9n+ to foll[ ! l9es on :i* x has actually develop$1 n "o ( ! problems :i* ,natural ,sci5ce has yet to solve w\ld be br\ght a :it ne>] solution2 nor w\ld %e be any ! bett] (f1 if x 7 prov$ t !re 0 no design4 ,%e !re=e v prop]ly decl9es to discuss ! "q3 !re may be a ,design & a ,design]1 or !re may n2 %e does n "k2 if x is ! bus9ess ( sci5ce to answ] ! "q1 x mu/ be ( "s o!r sci5ce1 n ( ,natural ,sci5ce4 ,s too ,physical ,sci5ce1 :5 ask$ :e!r ! laws ( motion & matt] 7 n design$ to produce ! effects :i* !y actually d cause1 replies t !y may or may n1 b t ! law ( gravitation1 = in/ance1 is equally true = h] purposes1 :e!r bodies 7 or 7 n design$ to fall to ! e>? at ! rate ( sixte5 feet 9 ! fir/ second1 & s on4 ,x may be ! bus9ess ( "s o!r sci5ce to answ] su* que/ions3 x is n ! bus9ess ( ,physical ,sci5ce4 ,& s ! inquir] may g ! r\nd ( ! :ole family ( ,sci5ces4 ,x is an extraord9>ily indu/ri\s family4 ,x has an enorm\s am\nt ( "w to d3 x has to fe$1 clo!1 & g5]ally provide = all mank9d4 ,& x c only c>ry on at all by a v c>eful division ( lab\r3 ea* sci5ce has h] allott$ task1 & c only get ! day's "w done 9 ! day by /rictly conf9+ h]self to t task4 ,ea* sci5ce has h] own que/ions to answ]1 & c only succe$ 9 do+ s by refus+ to li/5 to any o!rs4 ,! inquir] may ?9k x /range t1 9 all ?is va/ & active organisation = answ]+ que/ions1 no provision %\ld be made = answ]+ :at seem to him to be "s ( ! mo/ important que/ions ( all2 & if he has be5 br\ght up really to believe 9 sci5ce1 he w ?9k x too /range to be true2 he w p]si/ ) 8 que/ions1 & w be ev5tually rew>d$ = 8 fai? by discov]+ t !re is a sci5ce :i* und]takes to answ] !m--,!ology4 ,b he w also discov] t ,!ology is n v cordially e/eem$ by h] si/] sci5ces--n t !y are jeal\s ( h] because %e has ! presumption to pr(ess to answ] que/ions :i* !y ackn[l$ge to be too high = !m1 b because !re are grave suspicions z to h] legitimacy3 x is d\bt$ :e!r %e is a ,sci5ce at all4 ,%e is1 !y are afraid x mu/ be admitt$1 untru?ful1 immoral1 & c]ta9ly altoge!r unsci5tific3 %e says :at %e _c prove1 & says %e believes x4 ,b !y "k %e only pret5ds to believe x3 !y1 ( c\rse1 d n believe any?+ on insuffici5t evid5ce2 :at hypocrisy1 !n1 to pret5d t anyone c really believe any?+ except :at is prov$ by sci5tific me?ods6 ,!y are ?ankful to say t !y h no fai?4 ,h[ev]1 %e may improve2 %e is c]ta9ly v backw>d2 /ill1 %e may gr[ up into a common-s5se sci5ce l h] si/]s2 & !n %e w give up ! fooli% idea t %e c answ] que/ions :i* !y _c4 ,& n[ :at tru? is !re 9 ! picture ?us drawn8 ,if !re be a ,god1 !re is no o!r fact 9 ! _w ( su* awful or su* bless$ import to man4 ,religion is bas$ on fai? t !re is a ,god4 ,to tell ! religi\s m9d t !re is no sci5tific pro( ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god is to tell x no?+ new4 ,^? 7 n ! t]ms on :i* we took up our fai?--t we %\ld h sci5tific pro( ( ev]y?+ be=e we did any?+4 ,on ! contr>y1 religion beg9s :51 & only :51 a man beg9s to walk humbly ) 8 ,god1 to "k t he kn[s no?+ except t 8 s\l cleaves to ,god & humbly tru/s 9 ,him4 ,we d n b>ga9 s mu* belief1 & no m1 = s mu* pro(3 we give ourselves1 our s\ls & bodies4 ,! gift is free4 ,! s\l %r9ks f say+ ev5 t x has pro( ( ,god's exi/5ce2 x only kn[s x hopes & longs = ,him4 ,fai? is ! assurance ( ?+s hop$ =1 & ! /r5g? ( our assurance is z ! /r5g? ( our hope4 ,b sci5tific pro( is n ! ?+ hop$ =3 x is n :at is desir$ :5 ! s\l is consci\s ( b "o ?+1 t x ?ir/e?1 l ! h>t aft] ! wat]-brooks1 = ! liv+ ,god4 ,! humble confession ( our illimitable ignorance is ! f\ndation ( our fai? & w ev] be its sure refuge1 its inexpugnable /ronghold4 ,x is only :51 be+ ignorant1 we are tempt$ to d5y our ignorance1 t tr\ble beg9s4 ,we drop ! sub/ance = ! %ad[ :5 we believe n 9 ,god1 b 9 "s pro( ( ,god4 ,to ! man ( sci5ce all ?is talk ab\t fai? appe>s m]e folly1 %e] unreason1 a morbid wall[+ 9 ignorance f pure love ( ignorance2 & !re are o!rs :o1 :il/ admitt+ t pro( is n :at is want$ by "s m9ds1 yet are aw>e1 f _! own sad exp]i5ce1 t o!r m9ds ye>n = x1 & c "k no peace )\t x4 ,& if we ask :at k9d ( pro( x is t !y require1 ! answ] is pla93 x is ! same k9d z sci5ce insi/s on4 ,!n let u g to ! man ( sci5ce & wait at 8 door3 he at any rate is n ignorant1 & we1 if ignorant1 at lea/ are will+ to le>n4 ,t he %\ld r look d[n ^u u is only :at might be expect$ 9 a man :o by %e] =ce ( reason has discov]$ ! sole s\rce ( tru? & built up ! :ole fabric ( sci5ce4 ,c]ta9ly1 :5 he has tak5 u ov] 8 palace & %[n u its m>vels--! balances he uses to weigh ! sun1 ! plates ) :i* he photographs invisible />s1 ! c9ematographic pictures ( ! e>?'s pa/ hi/ory1 8 =eca/s ( ! future ( ! sol> sy/em--we are n m]ely will+ b eag] to le>n h[ x is all done4 ,& :5 we come to "k him1 we f9d t 9 spite ( ! m>vels1 all ( 8 own mak+1 by :i* he is surr\nd$1 he is n puff$ up1 z he might h be53 inde$ he is1 he assures u1 only an ord9>y man4 ,sci5tific inve/igation is n1 z _m p seem to suppose1 "s k9d ( mod]n black art4#be ,x is simply pla91 ord9>y common s5se1 consi/5tly appli$2 &1 above all1 p]si/5tly decl9+ to accept any?+ )\t suffici5t evid5ce4 ,9 ord9>y life1 says ! man ( sci5ce1 we d n swall[ any /atem5t t anybody *ooses to make--we ask = "s evid5ce2 & if sci5ce waxes e day1 & religion wanes1 x is m]ely because sci5ce has made x ! rule ( h] be+ nev] to believe any?+ )\t suffici5t evid5ce1 & religion has n4 ,naturally1 !n1 we wi% to "k :at is suffici5t evid5ce 9 ! eyes ( sci5ce1 s9ce ev]y?+1 we are told1 dep5ds on t4 ,! reply is brief3 :atev] is bas$ on ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature has suffici5t evid5ce4 ,if we are incl9$ to be puzzl$ by ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature1 we are soon reassur$2 x is lit]ally ! mo/ ord9>y ?+ 9 ! _w1 !re is no difficulty ab\t x4 ,man is born into a _w 9 :i* *anges are unceas+ly tak+ place4 ,"s ?+s *ange ev5 z ! cl\ds %ift--e second1 & 9 a way pat5t to all behold]s4 ,o!rs *ange imp]ceptibly & ) great sl[ness1 z e4g4 ! level ( ! dry l& or ! %ape ( ! coa/-l9e4 ,b all ?+s *ange1 4 ,no?+ abide? long 9 "o /ay4 ,x is ^! *anges :i* br+ all ?+s good to man1 & also all ?+s ill4 ,if1 !n1 man is to survive1 he mu/ le>n to evade ! latt] *anges1 :i* ?reat5 to cru% him1 & he mu/ be !re 9 "t to pr(it by ! =m]4 ,su* 0 ! problem pres5t$ to primitive man1 & su* x /ill is = e "o ( u to-day3 ! successful man is ! "o :o is be=eh& ) ! _w1 &1 if he is be=eh& x is because he has le>n$ to read ! signs ( ! times & ! seasons4 ,9 a ^w1 he has le>n$ to recognise t *anges are n always m]e *ances1 t "s *anges are uni=mly prec$$ by c]ta9 o!rs1 & may consequ5tly be =ese54 ,9 ! beg9n+ ! *anges t man c =eca/ are few inde$3 8 prevision is no great] ?an ! brute's4 ,! *ild does n =esee t fire w burn2 he le>ns by exp]i5ce4 ,& :atev] man c =eca/1 he has le>n$ x all by exp]i5ce4 ,x is a sl[ way ( le>n+1 x has tak5 man ?\s&s ^u ?\s&s ( ye>s to le>n :at he kn[s n[2 /ill he has le>n$ to "k ! causes ( c\ntless ?+s1 to control ! causes & to anticipate ! effects ( _m4 ,b m important1 m valuable ?an all 8 exp]i5ce & all 8 k ( :at produces :at1 ( :at uni=mly prec$es or foll[s :at1 is ! f9al & compreh5sive tru? :i* at la/ he rea*es1 t no?+ happ5s arbitr>ily1 t ev]y?+ 9 nature is uni=m4 ,t1 ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature1 is ! great tru? 9 :i* all o!rs are summ$ up3 to its e/abli%m5t h gone ! lab\rs ( all pa/ g5]ations ( mank9d1 to its support ! :ole exp]i5ce ( ! race contributes4 ,x is ! tru? ( tru?s1 ! te/ ( tru?3 :atsoev] is e/abli%$ on x %all n be %ak51 :atev] contrav5es x %all n endure4 ,! ,uni=mity ( ,nature is ! base n only ( all sci5ce1 b ( e act ( reason 9 ! mo/ commonplace affairs ( ord9>y life2 &1 ?\gh y may n "k x1 y assume x e mom5t4 ,:y are y sure t ! sun w rise to-morr[8 ,because ,nature is uni=m4 ,:y d y "k t fire w burn8 ,because ,nature is uni=m4 ,:y t all m5 are mortal8 ,:y t a cause w always produce its effect8 ,because ( ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature4 ,= ea* & all ( ^! beliefs ! evid5ce is suffici5t2 x is ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature4 ,h[ diff]5t1 says ! man ( sci5ce1 is ! proc$ure ( sci5ce1 t is ( common s5se1 f ! unsci5tific me?ods ( !ology6 ,:y d we believe t ! e>? w br+ =? h] k9dly fruits 9 due season8 ,because x is ,god's w8 ,t is a hypo!sis2 x may be true or x may n2 x _c be prov$ or disprov$2 !re is no evid5ce aga9/ x1 b !re is no evid5ce = x4 ,v diff]5t is ! answ] ( sci5ce & common s5se3 x is t ! e>? w produce crops 9 accordance ) c]ta9 natural causes1 me*anical & *emical4 ,t also is a hypo!sis :i* may or may n be true4 ,yes1 b x is "o = :i* !re is "s evid5ce--! ,uni=mity ( ,nature4 ,9 ! same way1 if anyone 7 to say t ! result ( ! next g5]al election dep5d$ n on ! electors b on ! planets1 we %\ld decl9e to believe him1 because !re is no evid5ce to %[ t ! planets h any?+ to d ) x1 & !re is good evid5ce = believ+ t ! votes ( ! electors h4 ,9 f9e1 ! tea*+ ( sci5ce is3 dem& suffici5t evid5ce = ev]y?+1 & always rememb] t by suffici5t evid5ce is meant ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature4 ,?is s\nds s simple & s conv9c+ t we are tempt$ to try x4 ,b fir/ let u make sure t we h le>n$ our lesson prop]ly4 ,9 ! c\rse ( long ages mank9d has sl[ly accumulat$ en\gh exp]i5ce to w>rant ! confid5t belief t ,nature is uni=m4 ,n[1 primitive man 0 ( c\rse a savage1 & knew no?+ ( ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature2 he !re=e c\ld n h _h suffici5t evid5ce = believ+ any?+ 9 8 exp]i5ce4 ,b x is on ! accumulation ( su* exp]i5ces--e "o ( :i* we mu/ reject because !y 7 n bas$ on ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature--t our belief 9 ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature is suppos$ to re/4 ,9 o!r words1 x is bas$ on !m & !y 7 bas$ on no?+4 ,?is result ( act+ /rictly up to ! pr9ciple ( n suff]+ any?+ to pass )\t suffici5t evid5ce seems some:at disc\rag+1 until ! man ( sci5ce comes to our rescue & rem9ds u t j z we1 )\t kn[+ x1 h act$ all our lives on ! tacit assumption t ,nature is uni=m1 s did primitive man2 & t consequ5tly !re really 0 suffici5t evid5ce & sci5tific pro( = ! savage's exp]i5ces1 ?\gh ( c\rse he c\ld n h fram$ x 9 words2 & s1 ! bases ( ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature are really q s\nd4 ,b ev5 n[ we are n altoge!r out ( our difficulties1 = grant$ t ! savage1 l ourselves1 tacitly assum$ ,nature to be uni=m1 0 !re suffici5t evid5ce = ! assumption8 & if s1 :at 0 ! evid5ce8 ,x c\ld n be ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature1 because t is j ! "q2 &1 if x 0 any?+ else1 x 0 n suffici5t evid5ce4 ,x really seems r difficult to get suffici5t evid5ce = ! axiom1 viz4 ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature1 on :i* ! :ole ( sci5ce is built4 ,& yet we mu/ h suffici5t evid5ce = x1 or else we %all h to conclude t ,sci5ce has no m logical f\ndation ?an ,religion4 ,b once m ! man ( sci5ce comes to our assi/ance & expla9s t 9 ! beg9n+1 be=e ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature is prov$1 x is only probable t :at has once happ5$ w happ5 aga9 9 simil> circum/ances1 & at fir/ p]haps n v probable2 b :5 wid] & wid] exp]i5ce /ill %[s t :at has once happ5$ does actually happ5 aga9 "u ! same circum/ances1 ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature becomes m & m probable1 until at la/1 if n actually prov$1 x is /ill ! mo/ probable hypo!sis t we possess or c possess3 our highe/ & sure/ g5]alisations rema9 on ! level ( ju/ifiable expectations2 t is1 v high probabilities4#bf ,n[1 ) all respect to logicians l ,john ,/u>t ,mill1 & m5 ( sci5ce l ,huxley1 we mu/ po9t out t ?is begs ! :ole "q4 ,if we assume t ,nature is uni=m1 !n x is probable t :at has (t5 happ5$ w happ5 aga94 ,b if we d n assume t ,nature is uni=m1 !n ! repeat$ occurr5ce ( a ?+ does n make x 9 ! lea/ probable t x w occur aga94 ,to assume )\t pro( t ,nature is uni=m is to ask u to accept a /atem5t )\t evid5ce1 :i*1 if we h le>nt ! lesson ( sci5ce1 we c h>dly d4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if we beg9 ) ! admission t ,nature may or may n be uni=m1 b t1 to beg9 )1 we no m "k :e!r x w actually prove to be uni=m ?an we "k :e!r a p5ny1 :5 we are ab\t to toss x1 w fall head or tail2 !n1 accord+ to ! ma!matical !ory ( probability1 x matt]s n h[ _m times y toss ! p5ny1 ! *ances next ?r[ are exactly ! same z !y 7 at ! fir/ ?r[--x matt]s n h[ _m times ,nature has prov$ uni=m 9 ! pa/1 %e is no m likely to prove uni=m to-morr[ ?an %e 0 on ! fir/ ( days4 ,if x is really an op5 "q at ! beg9n+ :e!r ,nature is or is n uni=m1 x rema9s an op5 "q to ! end4 ,! man ( sci5ce ne$ n admit t x is an op5 "q1 if he does n want to d s2 b if he does admit x1 !n let him /ick to x ?r\gh\t2 & let him reflect t if he beg9s by admitt+ x & ends by d5y+ x1 he has b gradually retract$ 8 own free admission1 & unconsci\sly be5 betray$ into d5y+ :at he began by admitt+ to be true4 ,! fact ( ! matt] is t ! axioms ( sci5ce--! ,uni=mity ( ,nature & ! ,law ( ,univ]sal ,causation--n only are n prov$ by :at exp]i5ce we h _h ( !m1 b _c be prov$ by any am\nt ( exp]i5ce4#bg ,n only c !y n be prov$ by any am\nt ( exp]i5ce1 !y are incapable ( be+ demon/rat$ at all3 !y are nei!r self-evid5t nor are !y1 /rictly speak+1 demon/rable4#bh ,if1 !n1 !y are n & _c be prov$ ei!r by exp]i5ce or 9 any o!r way1 on :at does ! man ( sci5ce gr\nd 8 belief 9 !m8 ,on ,fai?4 ,! gr\nd ( e "o ( our actions1 & ! validity ( all our reason+s1 re/ ^u ! great act ( fai?1 :i* leads u to take ! exp]i5ce ( ! pa/ z a safe guide 9 our deal+s ) ! pres5t & ! future4#bi ,,footnotes3 #be ,,huxley1 ,d>w9iana1 p4 #cfa4 #bf ,,huxley1 ,sci5ce & ,*ri/ian ,tradition1 p4 #bje4 #bg ,,huxley1 ,evolution & ,e?ics1 p4 #aba4 #bh ,,huxley1 ,me?od & ,results1 p4 #fa4 #bi ,,huxley1 ,sci5ce & ,*ri/ian ,tradition1 p4 #bdc4 ,,ix4 ,,consequ5ces ,9 ! la/ *apt]1 impress$ by ! doctr9e t !re is no s\rce ( tru? save t :i* is rea*$ by ! pati5t application ( sci5tific me?ods1#cj we pati5tly appli$ ^? me?ods to ! f\ndation ( sci5ce itself2 & we 7 rew>d$ by ! discov]y t sci5tific1 l religi\s1 tru? has its s\rce 9 ,fai?4 ,b ! end ( our difficulties is n yet4 ,a man may put 8 fai? 9 sci5ce1 if he w1 b let him n delude himself ) ! notion t 8 fai? is evid5ce ( ! objective reality ( t 9 :i* he tru/s4#ca ,ab\t t we feel no difficulty3 fai? beg9s n m]ely ) ignorance1 b ) ! frank confession t we "k we are ignorant1 b we wi% to believe1 9 spite ( ! abs5ce ( evid5ce4 ,!re is no evid5ce to %[ t ,nature is uni=m or sci5ce true1 b we d n m9d t3 we are q det]m9$ to believe1 evid5ce or no evid5ce4 ,t is easy en\gh = u1 :o are n sci5tific2 b sci5tific m5 get an awkw>d habit--no1 ,i won't call x t1 = x is a valuable habit--( believ+ no?+ unless !re is evid5ce = x2 & !y h a way ( look+ ^u belief :i* is n bas$ ^u evid5ce1 n only z illogical1 b z immoral4#cb ,?is is1 if n awkw>d1 at lea/ puzzl+1 s9ce sci5ce is bas$ on a belief 9 ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature1 = :i* !re is no evid5ce4 ,x is1 we are told1 ! special peculi>ity ( ! devil t he 0 a li> f ! beg9n+4 ,if we set out 9 life ) pret5d+ to "k t :i* we d n "k2 ) pr(ess+ to accept = pro( evid5ce :i* we are well aw>e is inadequate2 ) wilfully %utt+ our eyes & our e>s to facts :i* militate aga9/ ?is or t com=table hypo!sis2 we are assur$ly do+ our be/ to des]ve ! same "*4#cc ,t also is puzzl+4 ,sci5ce sets out 9 life ) assum+1 by a great act ( fai?1 t ,nature is uni=m4 ,%e is well aw>e t ! evid5ce = ?is assumption is inadequate1 t no am\nt ( exp]i5ce c\ld prove x2 b1 if %e is to />t at all1 %e mu/ make ! assumption1 s %e proce$s to act z ?\gh x 7 prov$1 z ?\gh %e knew :at %e does n "k4 ,^! are facts2 & we take x = grant$ t no "o w wilfully %ut 8 eyes & 8 e>s to !m1 ev5 if he has "s com=table hypo!sis aga9/ :i* !y seem to militate4 ,aga91 belief 9 sci5ce is bas$ n on any gr\nd ( reason1 b ^u ! great act ( fai? :i* leads ! man ( sci5ce to ass5t to x4 ,x is !re=e aga9 puzzl+ to le>n t ass5t )\t rational gr\nd = belief is to ! man ( sci5ce m]ely an immoral pret5ce1 & t scepticism is ! highe/ ( duties2 bl9d fai? ! "o unp>donable s94#cd ,b ! read] has probably already correctly div9$ ! solution ( ^! puzzles3 ! passages quot$ above are n int5d$ to apply to sci5ce4 ,! bl9d fai? :i* is illogical1 immoral1 a pret5ce & a lie1 is1 ( c\rse1 n fai? 9 sci5ce1 b "s o!r k9d1 :i* may !re=e be dismiss$2 & we may />t once aga9 ) ! happy feel+ t !re is "o k9d ( fai? at lea/ :i* is logical1 moral1 & real & true4 ,x is1 !n1 q hone/ & logical to h fai? sometimes2 &1 )\t evid5ce1 to believe "s ?+s1 e4g4 ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature4 ,"h1 h[ev]1 "s read]s may int]pose ) ! objection t ! man ( sci5ce has n prov$ t 8 fai? is logical & moral1 & real & true--he has simply assum$ x4 ,q true2 b t is 8 fai? & we mu/ respect x1 z we respect any man :o holds fa/ to :at he hone/ly believes to be ! real tru?4 ,we d n imag9e he c\ld believe x if he ?\ght x a pret5ce or a lie4 ,& we d n call ^u him to prove x be=e we believe him--/ill less to prove x be=e he believes x himself4 ,x is1 !re=e1 we repeat1 q reasonable to believe 9 ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature )\t evid5ce4 ,! reluctance t is g5u9ely felt by _m m9ds to take up ?is position is probably due to a feel+ t if we may believe 9 "o ?+ )\t evid5ce1 !n anyone may believe 9 any?+ he likes4 ,& x w\ld n be q fair to make ! rejo9d]1 ,:at does t matt] to y1 z long z y are free to believe :at y ?9k "r8 ,! t5d5cy to dogmatise1 & to be intol]ant ( op9ions n our own1 is1 inde$1 /rong en\gh 9 all ( u to make u /& some:at 9 dismay ( a l9e ( argum5t :i* seems to indicate n m]ely t o!r p h a "r to diff] f our op9ions1 b may q conceivably be "r 9 s diff]+4 ,/ill1 ?is t5d5cy does n :olly acc\nt = our reluctance4 ,t reluctance has1 9 "p at lea/1 a nobl] orig9 ?an n>r[-m9d$ness & ! ignorance :i* kn[s n t x is ignorance4 ,x does matt] to u :at our fell[-m5 believe4 ,/ill m does x matt] h[ & :y !y *oose _! beliefs4 ,! reluctance to admit t x is p]missible to believe )\t evid5ce ev5 9 a tru? s undisput$ z ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature1 is also 9 "p due to yet ano!r cause4 ,x is felt t to admit belief )\t reg>d to evid5ce is to invite intellectual an>*y1 & to leave mank9d ! helpless prey ( ignorance1 error1 & sup]/ition4 ,h5ce1 9 _m c&id s\ls1 a lam5table feel+ ( di/raction & hopelessness3 to ab&on _! old fai?1 ev5 if x has no evid5ce1 is almo/ m ?an !y c be>2 to reta9 x1 kn[+ t x has no evid5ce1 is to op5 ! floodgates ( a saturnalia ( unreason by :i* ! f\ndations ( civilisation w\ld be swept away4 ,h5ce1 too1 ! zeal ) :i* o!r m9ds call = ! de/ruction ( e belief1 b especially religi\s belief1 n bas$ on evid5ce1 & ) :i* !y d5\nce fai? z ! "o unp>donable s94 ,b ! error into :i* bo? classes ( m9d fall is a simple "o4 ,x consi/s 9 imag9+ t if we take "o ?+ on fai?1 because !re is no evid5ce1 !re=e we may believe any?+1 ev5 if ! evid5ce is conclusive aga9/ x--t if we once accept fai?1 we mu/ = ev] abjure reason4 ,! error has be5 cle>ly expos$ by ,pr(essor ,huxley1 :o1 aft] po9t+ out t reason--ratioc9ation--is bas$ on fai?1 says1 ,b x is surely pla9 t fai? is n necess>ily entitl$ to disp5se ) ratioc9ation because ratioc9ation _c disp5se ) fai? z a />t+-po9t2 & t because we are (t5 oblig$1 by ! pressure ( ev5ts1 to act on v bad evid5ce1 x does n foll[ t x is prop] to act on su* evid5ce :5 ! pressure is abs5t4#ce ,x seems1 !n1 a piece ( al>mi/ exagg]ation to say t if we admit "o ?+1 e4g4 ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature1 )\t evid5ce1 we =feit ! "r ev] aga9 to ask = evid5ce = any o!r /atem5t3 on ! contr>y1 :5ev] evid5ce c be got1 we mu/ get x & abide by x4 ,b ?is only %[s t no disa/r\s consequ5ces w necess>ily ensue1 if we frankly admit :at 9 any case is ! fact1 viz4 t !re is no evid5ce = ! po/ulate on :i* all sci5ce is built4 ,y w n h committ$ high treason aga9/ ! be/ int]e/s ( mank9d by act+1 9 ?is case1 on ! pr9ciple t a man may sometimes believe a ?+ on evid5ce :i*1 he is well aw>e1 is insuffici5t1 or on no evid5ce at all4 ,on ! o!r h&1 9 ano!r case1 to act on ! pr9ciple might be1 if n high treason1 at lea/ mis*iev\s4 ,x seems1 !n1 fir/1 t !re are "s ?+s :i* a man may believe )\t evid5ce1 & "s :i* he may n2 &1 next1 t he may n believe ?+s ! consequ5ces ( :i* w\ld be disa/r\s or mis*iev\s4 ,b n[ :at ( ! ?+s n mis*iev\s or disa/r\s8 ,on :at pr9ciple are we to *oose among/ !m8 ,let u once m foll[ our guide1 ! man ( sci5ce1 & ask him on :at pr9ciple he elect$ to believe t ,nature 0 uni=m1 r ?an t %e 0 n4 ,i imag9e x 0 once m on ! gr\nd ( ! consequ5ces3 grant t ,nature is uni=m1 & !n all ! m>vell\s discov]ies1 ! revelations ( ! pa/ & prophecies ( ! future1 :i* sci5ce has made1 become ?+s t we c reasonably believe 94 ,refuse to believe1 )hold y\r fai?1 & !n y h no reason to believe any?+ :atev]1 ?\ght & action alike are p>alys$4 ,x is betwe5 ^! consequ5ces t we h to *oose4 ,our *oice is an act ( w2 & x is on our w t our beliefs & our actions dep5d4 ,9 sci5ce1 !n1 we are (f]$ ! alt]natives3 ei!r believe )\t evid5ce t ,nature is uni=m1 or r5\nce all t sci5ce has to give4 ,we want to be sci5tific1 s we *oose ! =m]4 ,we believe 79 sci5ce7 because we want to believe1 n because we h any evid5ce4 ,to say t we may yield to ! impulse to h fai?1 )\t be+ unsci5tific1 is to und]/ate ! case3 we _c be sci5tific )\t fai?4 ,9 logic1 :e!r inductive or d$uctive1 ! case is ! same4 ,we mu/ ei!r believe )\t evid5ce 9 ! axioms on :i* reason is bas$1 or =ego reason altoge!r4 ,we want to be reasonable1 s we *oose to accept ! axioms4 ,b our *oice is n ! lea/ evid5ce or pro( t !y are true4 ,we believe !y are true1 because we wi% to believe t !y are true4 ,!re is no reason except !re fir/ be fai?4 ,) morality ! case is n o!rwise4 ,we believe 9 ! pr9ciples ( morality1 n because we c prove !m1 or br+ evid5ce to %[ t a man ought to d :at is "r1 b because we wi% to believe1 & because we h fai? 9 ! "r4 ,!re is no morality except fir/ !re be fai?4 ,we are no?+1 "k no?+1 c d no?+ )\t fai?4 ,& x is n 9 ! dead pa/1 :i* is :at we mean by evid5ce1 b 9 ! liv+ future t fai? has its well-spr+s4 ,x is because we wi% to d "r h5ce=? t we put our fai? 9 "r-do+4 ,x is n ! gho/s ( our misde$s1 ris+ f ! *>nel-h\se ( ! pa/ 9 evid5ce aga9/ u1 t give u good hope ( ! future--x is fai?1 n built on evid5ce1 on a pa/ t _c be alt]$1 b on hope1 on ! future1 on :at %all be z we w x4 ,! future is unc]ta94 ,b t is no reason :y y %\ld be4 ,!re is no evid5ce t we %all succe$1 t logic c be tru/$1 or t sci5ce is true4 ,b =tunately x is possible to be c]ta9 )\t evid5ce4 ,9 comm5t+ on ! text ,fai? is ! assurance ( ?+s hop$ =1 ! prov+ ( ?+s unse51 ,pr(essor ,huxley says1 ,i fancy we %all n be f> f ! m>k if we take ! writ] to h _h 9 8 m9d ! pr(\nd psy*ological tru?1 t m5 con/antly feel c]ta9 ab\t ?+s = :i* !y /rongly hope1 b h no evid5ce1 9 ! legal or logical s5se ( ! ^w2 & he calls ?is feel+ 'fai?4'#cf ,x is a pr(\nd psy*ological tru?1 & by ! aid ( ! !ory ( evolution we may und]/& :y x is s deep-seat$ 9 ! m5tal & moral con/itution ( man4 ,primitive man c h _h no ext5sive evid5ce ( any k9d to g ^u 9 regulat+ ! conduct ( 8 daily life2 & 9 all probability ex]cis$ b little p[] ( criticism 9 judg+ ! value ( :at evid5ce he _h4 ,at ! same "t1 if he 0 to survive at all 9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce1 he _h to act & to act promptly4 ,=tunately = him x 0 possible to feel c]ta9 ab\t ?+s = :i* !re 0 no evid5ce1 i4e4 to h fai?4 ,& he surviv$ 9 consequ5ce--9 virtue ( ! law ( ! survival ( ! fai?ful1 a law ^: op]ation is possibly n conf9$ to ?is _w4 ,on ! !ory ( evolution1 aga91 man's wants mu/ h aid$ him 9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce2 & no evolutioni/ w d\bt t ! desire to be rational & to d t :i* is "r has assi/$ man 9 8 upw>d /ruggle4 ,! victory has rema9$ ) ^? :o h be5 cont5t$ to feel c]ta9 ab\t ?+s = :i* !y _h no evid5ce1 & to act on fai?4 ,x is ^? :o hesitate to d "r until sacrifice ( self is prov$ to be reasonable1 :o lose _! *ance1 & consequ5tly h be5 & are be+1 ?\gh sl[ly1 we$$ out4 ,^? :o h yield$ to _! inn] impulse to believe1 )\t evid5ce1 h evid5tly be5 ! bett] fitt$ to _! environm5t1 & ! m 9 h>mony ) ! rul+ pr9ciple ( ! cosmos & its evolution4 ,?us f> 9 ?is *apt] !re has be5 no explicit m5tion ( religi\s fai?4 ,we began ) ! fact t fai? is indisp5sable to sci5ce z its />t+-po9t4 ,we d n wi% to end ) ! sugge/ion t sci5tific fai? c or ought to be /ret*$ s z to make religi\s fai? its logical or necess>y consequ5ce4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! man :o by a great act ( fai? accepts ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature )\t evid5ce1 & !n resolves nev] to accept ano!r /atem5t )\t evid5ce1 is q safe3 no "o c make him believe 9 religion z long z he holds to 8 resolve--or 9 morality ei!r4 ,!re is no evid5ce--& !re=e he _c believe--t a man ought to d :at is "r4 ,if he does ev] dep>t f 8 resolve z reg>ds morality1 x w be because 9 8 he>t--) its reasons :i* 8 reason kn[s n (--he wants to d "r1 n because !re is any evid5ce4 ,9 mo/ m5 ! impulse to believe exp5ds b does n exhau/ itself 9 reason & morality4 ,!re is also ! religi\s belief t all t happ5s to u is due to a ,w n our own1 9 :i* we c tru/ & to :i* we c give our lives4 ,= ?is belief !re is no m evid5ce ?an !re is = sci5ce3 if a man w receive x1 he mu/ believe 9 x z he believes 9 sci5ce1 t is1 )\t evid5ce4 ,if a man w receive x1 he may1 on ! same condition z he believes 9 morality or sci5ce1 viz4 t he wants x4 ,any o!r condition is ( 8 own mak+ & is an act ( 8 own w3 if he says t he fa9 w\ld believe1 b _c )\t evid5ce1 t is a condition ( 8 own mak+1 impos$ ^u him by 8 own w--:at sci5ce & morality bo? require _c be immoral or unsci5tific1 & !y ea* require belief )\t evid5ce 9 ord] t !y may exi/ at all4 ,:at logic po/ulates c h>dly be illogical4 ,x c be no necess>y law ( reason to *eck ! impulse :i* gives to reason its initial impetus4 ,we believe t sci5ce is true = no o!r reason ?an t we wi% x to be true2 & = e man1 ) reg>d to religion1 ! "q is1 does he wi% x to be true8 if x lay ) him to decide1 w\ld he h x true8 if he w\ld1 !n x does lie ) him to decide3 let him be assur$ x is true4 ,if he w\ld n1 let him ask 8 own he>t1 ,:y8 ,:y does he wi% !re 7 no ,god8 ,,footnotes3 #cj ,,huxley1 ,sci5ce & ,hebrew ,tradition1 p4 #bcc4 #ca ,,huxley1 ,sci5ce & ,*ri/ian ,tradition1 p4 #bde4 #cb ,,huxley1 ,sci5ce & ,hebrew ,tradition1 p4 #fe4 #cc ,,huxley1 ,sci5ce & ,*ri/ian ,tradition1 p4 #ed4 #cd ,,huxley1 ,me?od & ,results1 p4 #dj4 #ce ,sci5ce & ,*ri/ian ,tradition1 p4 #bdc4 #cf ,sci5ce & ,*ri/ian ,tradition1 p4 #bdd4 ,x4 ,,! ,,*ess-,,bo>d ,we began1 at ! beg9n+ ( ?is book1 by accept+ evolution z a fact1 & by ask+ ! "q3 ,grant$ t x is a fact1 :at foll[s8 ,:at does x mean = me8 ,:at light does x ?r[ on ! mean+ ( life8 ,! answ]s t we may give to ^! que/ions toge!r con/itute a philosophy ( evolution1 :i* is c>efully to be di/+ui%$ f evolution z a sci5tific !ory4 ,z a sci5tific !ory evolution is an acc\nt1 z exact z sci5ce c make x1 ( :at actually did happ5 9 ! pa/1 ( ! precise process by :i* ?+s h come to be :at !y are4 ,:5 ?is k has be5 ga9$1 we may ask ! "q1 ,:at value has ?is k = ! practical purposes ( life8 ,& ! answ] w be a contribution to philosophy1 b x w n be "o ( ! ?+s describ$ by sci5ce z hav+ happ5$ 9 ! pa/1 w n be "p ( ! k f :i* x is itself inf]r$1 nor1 if x is a false inf]5ce1 w x h any "r to masqu]ade z sci5ce & say t we mu/ accept x z true or else d5y ! tru? ( sci5ce4 ,inde$1 we f\nd t two answ]s to ! "q1 two philosophies ( evolution1 ! ,optimi/ic & ! ,pessimi/ic1 h be5 =mulat$1 :i* be+ contradictory _c bo? be true1 ?\gh bo? may be false4 ,! ,optimi/ic !ory1 t evolution is progress1 only e/abli%$ its conclusion1 t ! process ( evolution is necess>ily f good to bett]1 by means ( argum5ts :i* d5i$ ! di/9ction betwe5 good & bad1 & impli$ t our moral convictions 7 illusions4 ,! ,pessimi/ic !ory1 on ! o!r h&1 assum$ ! reality ( our moral ideals1 b 0 =c$ by its adoption ( ! !ory ( ,necessity to conclude t x is an illusion to imag9e ^? ideals c be f9ally realis$4 ,bo? philosophies 9 !ory pr(ess to make no assumptions1 to take no?+ on fai?1 & to base !mselves on no?+ b :at we actually "k to be facts4 ,9 practice ea* ( !m does unconsci\sly base itself on fai? & does tacitly make c]ta9 assumptions4 ,b z ! assumptions made are n precisely ! same 9 bo? cases1 !y rea* two v diff]5t conclusions--,optimism & ,pessimism4 ,aga91 if ea* philosophy treats z illusions c]ta9 facts--! fre$om ( ! w & ! reality ( moral di/9ctions--:i* ! common s5se & common consci\sness ( mank9d hold to be real1 x is because ea* philosophy arbitr>ily rejects c]ta9 ( ! assumptions :i* common s5se makes1 c]ta9 articles ( ! common fai? ( mank9d4 ,consequ5tly1 :5 we f9d t ea* philosophy is inconsi/5t ) itself1 & ends by imply+ t :at x assum$ to be real is 9 fact an illusion1 we are l$ to suspect t its assumptions may n h be5 adequate or well-consid]$1 its fai? n great en\gh to remove m\nta9s or expla9 ! _w4 ,! conception ( a positive philosophy--t is1 a philosophy :i* conf9es itself to positive facts1 & :i* is agno/ic 9 ! s5se t x does n pr(ess to "k :at x kn[s x does n "k--is borr[$ f sci5ce4 ,x is an attempt to c>ry ! me?ods ( sci5ce into ! doma9 ( philosophy1 to sub/itute sci5ce = philosophy4 ,! attempt is made "u ! impression t sci5ce does n pr(ess to "k :at x kn[s x does n "k1 i4e4 makes no assumptions & takes no?+ on fai?4 ,t impression1 h[ev]1 is1 z we h argu$ 9 ! la/ *apt] b "o1 a false impression3 ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature is a pure--& rational--assumption4 ,if1 !re=e1 a philosophy conf9$ itself /rictly )9 ! b\nds ( sci5ce1 x w\ld n be /rictly positive or agno/ic3 x w\ld /ill make "s assumptions1 ev5 if only ^? made by sci5ce1 & w\ld /ill1 ev5 if x conf9$ itself to ! positive facts ( sci5ce1 be tak+ some?+ on fai?4 ,a s\nd philosophy is "o1 n t makes no assumptions1 b :i* seeks to f9d out :at assumptions are made by any dep>tm5t ( k or practice--sci5ce1 art1 evolution1 morality1 religion--& h[ f> ^? assumptions w c>ry u4 ,! bane ( philosophy is n mak+ assumptions--all ?\ght does--b is ?9k+ y h made none4 ,common s5se assumes t ! te/imony ( consci\sness1 s f> z x c be v]ifi$ by consci\sness1 c be tru/$ z evid5ce ( ! reality ( t :i* is pres5t$ to x4 ,positive or agno/ic philosophies1 :e!r ( ! optimi/ic or ! pessimi/ic type1 on ! pr9ciple ( mak+ no assumptions1 reject ?is "o1 ei!r on ! gr\nd t ! ,real is ,unkn[able 7:i* is itself an assumption z incapable ( pro( or dispro( z ! assumption t ! ,real is ,kn[able7 or on ! gr\nd t we only "k our /ates ( consci\sness1 & _c "k :e!r !re is or is n any reality beyond !m 7:i* aga9 is simply an assumption t consci\sness z evid5ce ( a reality beyond itself is n to be tru/$74 ,n[1 grant$ t common s5se makes an assumption "h1 z x assur$ly does1 x is "o su* z c only be reject$ by mak+ a c\nt]-assumption3 to refuse to tru/ consci\sness z evid5ce ( a reality beyond itself is to make ! assumption t x is n tru/wor?y--:i* may or may n be true1 b is j z mu* an assumption z ! supposition ( its tru/wor?9ess is4 ,! positive & agno/ic philosophies1 !re=e1 d n succe$ 9 avoid+ assumptions 9 ?is matt]3 !y only tacitly add ano!r to t :i* !y h already unconsci\sly made by assum+ t ,nature is uni=m4 ,if1 n[1 !y adh]$ to ^! assumptions1 we might proce$ to ask :at conclusions !y d$uc$ f !m4 ,we %\ld n1 inde$1 expect _! conclusions to be ! same z ^? rea*$ by p]sons />t+ f ! opposite hypo!sis1 viz4 t consci\sness is tru/wor?y4 ,& we %\ld n agree t !y 7 sup]ior to ^? rea*$ by ! common s5se & drawn f ! common fai? ( mank9d4 ,we %\ld only admit t !y 7 diff]5t1 because drawn f diff]5t premises4 ,! argum5t t ! tea*+ ( a philosophy :i* makes no assumptions mu/ be sup]ior to "o t does1 is an argum5t :i*1 :atev] its value1 we %\ld h to set aside 9 ?is case1 on ! gr\nd t ! agno/ic philosophies are n s ignorant z !y mode/ly pr(ess to be3 !y d "k some?+--!y "k t ,nature is uni=m1 & t consci\sness z evid5ce ( reality is n to be tru/$--or !y assume !y "k4 ,b ! positive philosophies d n adh]e to _! assumptions4 ,few philosoph]s d4 ,! optimi/ic evolutioni/ takes back 8 rem>k ab\t ! untru/wor?9ess ( consci\sness1 s f> z mat]ial ?+s are conc]n$3 matt] & motion at any rate are real1 & consci\sness is good evid5ce1 z good z c be got1 ( _! reality4 ,! pessimi/ic evolutioni/ also rep5ts him1 z f> z our moral convictions are conc]n$3 !y are fundam5tally real2 our consci\sness ( ! moral ideal is our be/ evid5ce = x4 ,on ! o!r h&1 bo? ! optimi/ic & ! pessimi/ic evolutioni/ adh]e ) p]fect consi/5cy to _! rejection ( ! evid5ce giv5 by consci\sness to ! fre$om ( ! w4 ,b "h1 too1 ! assumption ( common s5se _c be reject$ )\t a c\nt]-assumption3 if x is a pure assumption to say t ?+s c\ld h happ5$ o!rwise ?an !y did1 x is equally m]e assumption to say !y c\ld n4 ,f9ally1 !re is "o o!r assumption made by ! common fai? ( mank9d & reject$ by positive philosophies4 ,x is t ! _w1 i4e4 ev]y?+ ( :i* man's consci\sness is aw>e & to ! reality ( :i* 8 consci\sness is evid5ce1 is ! expression ( self-det]m9+ w1 human & sup]human1 manife/+ itself directly to 8 consci\sness4 ,?is assumption1 too1 has its c\nt]-assumption--t !re is no self-det]m9+ w1 human or sup]human--& to reject ! "o assumption is to accept ! o!r4 ,to say t y d n "k :e!r a man's ^w may be tru/$ or n is lit]ally agno/icism1 & may be ! only rational attitude to assume1 e4g4 if ! man is an absolute /rang]1 z mo/ witnesses 9 c\rt are to ! judge :o tries ! case4 ,b on ! gr\nd ( y\r ignorance to refuse to pay any att5tion to 8 evid5ce :5 giv5 is to ab&on y\r agno/icism--if a judge directs ! jury to disreg>d ! evid5ce ( ! witness1 ! presumption is t he assumes x to be false4 ,s1 too1 if we disreg>d ! evid5ce ( consci\sness on ?is or any o!r po9t1 we d n !reby succe$ 9 avoid+ assumptions1 we only assume t consci\sness is n tru/wor?y4#cg ,! idea t 9 philosophy x is possible p]man5tly to ma9ta9 an agno/ic attitude ) reg>d to ! tru/wor?9ess ( consci\sness is ! outcome ( a consci5ti\s attempt to apply sci5tific me?ods to ! solution ( philosophic problems4 ,sci5ce does n f9d x necess>y to assume ei!r t !re is or t !re is n a ,god3 on ei!r assumption x is c]ta9 t bodies t5d t[>ds ea* o!r at ! rates specifi$ 9 ! gravitation-=mula4 ,philosophy mu/ be made sci5tific4 ,!re=e philosophy mu/ c>efully avoid mak+ ei!r assumption4 ,:y1 ! v reason :y sci5ce has progress$ & philosophy nev] moves is t sci5ce builds only on demon/rat$ fact1 philosophy only on undemon/rable assumptions4 ,pro(1 & !re=e tru?1 is impossible if y />t f assumptions :i* nev] c be prov$ to be ei!r true or untrue4 ,! tru? is t x is possible to ma9ta9 ! agno/ic attitude1 & to avoid mak+ assumptions1 j s long z we d n ne$ to =m an op9ion or take action on ! matt] :i* ! assumption affects4 ,if my int]e/s1 practical or speculative1 are n affect$ by a c]ta9 trial n[ proce$+ 9 ! law c\rts1 ,i c avoid mak+ any assumption z to ! tru/wor?9ess or untru/wor?9ess ( a witness's evid5ce4 ,i d n "k :e!r he is tru/wor?y or n1 & ,i c refuse to make any assumption :atev] on ! subject--!re is no reason :y ,i %\ld4 ,b ! mom5t circum/ances call on me to =m an op9ion1 ,i f9d myself beg9n+ to make "o assumption or ! o!r1 or p]haps at fir/ "o & !n ! o!r1 ?\gh ,i am j z ignorant :e!r he really is tru/wor?y or n z ,i 0 :5 ,i refus$ to make any assumptions2 ,i "k no m ab\t 8 previ\s c>e] or 8 antec$5t cr$ibility ?an ,i did be=e he ent]$ ! box4 ,s1 too1 ! tru? is n t sci5ce makes no assumptions1 b t %e makes no assumptions except ^? :i* are necess>y = h] purposes4 ,! man ( sci5ce assumes--& x is pure assumption--t he c tru/ ! evid5ce ( 8 consci\sness z to ! reality ( ! *emicals he exp]im5ts on1 ! plants he classifies1 or ! />s he obs]ves4 ,he assumes t !y are real4 ,he also assumes )\t pro( t :at has produc$ a c]ta9 effect once w produce x aga9 9 ! same circum/ances1 t if a ?+ has occurr$ ! conditions ess5tial to its occurr5ce mu/ also h occurr$--9 f9e1 t ,nature is uni=m4 ,b s long z he is engag$ exclusively 9 sci5tific "w1 9 f9d+ out :at actually does happ5 or has happ5$ 9 ,nature1 he ne$ make no assumptions z to :e!r a c]ta9 witness is tru/wor?y or n1 or :e!r !re is a ,god or n3 he c ma9ta9 a p]fectly agno/ic attitude on bo? que/ions4 ,he c say1 if he *ooses1 ,god or no ,god1 two & two make f\r2 or1 to put x m precisely1 :e!r ! evid5ce :i* consci\sness gives 9 spiritual exp]i5ce to ! reality ( a ,god c or _c be tru/$1 ,i d tru/ ! evid5ce :i* consci\sness gives 9 s5se-exp]i5ce to ! reality ( mat]ial ?+s2 :e!r ! assumption t e ev5t is ! expression ( self-det]m9+ w is true or n1 at any rate ,i believe 9 ! assumption t ,nature is uni=m4 ,& if man _h no?+ to d b inve/igate ! actual c\rse ( ,nature1 & _h no?+ else to =m an op9ion ab\t except :e!r ?is ph5om5on is foll[$ by t1 x w\ld be possible p]man5tly to avoid mak+ any assumptions save ^? requir$ by sci5ce4 ,b man has 7let u suppose7 to "k1 n only :at does happ51 b :at ought to happ51 & to decide :at %all happ54 ,! ord9>y man1 9 mak+ ^? =eca/s ( ! future :i* he mu/ make = ! ord9>y bus9ess ( daily life1 assumes1 q unconsci\sly1 t ,nature is uni=m & t mat]ial ?+s are real4 ,9 decid+ :at he ought to d & :at he w d1 he assumes1 )\t kn[+ t he is mak+ any assumptions at all1 t 8 moral ideals are real1 t 8 w is free to *oose ?is c\rse or t1 & t ! ,god ) :om he communes 9 8 he>t is real4 ,let u n[ take ! "q rais$ by agno/icism z to ^! assumptions1 :i* con/itute a l>ge "p ( ! common fai? ( mank9d4 ,! "q is n :e!r ^! assumptions are "r3 ! agno/ic decl9es to discuss t "q2 he does n "k :e!r !y are "r or wrong1 he has no means ( decid+1 !y are too high = him4 ,! "q is :e!r ! agno/ic himself succe$s 9 mak+1 z well z endeav\r+ to make1 no assumptions on ^! po9ts4 ,we h already argu$ he fails3 he succe$s1 n 9 mak+ no assumptions1 b only 9 mak+ ! c\nt]-assumptions to ^? assum$ by common s5se4 ,?is1 let u ha/5 to add1 does n at all am\nt to say+ t 8 c\nt]-assumptions are wrong3 x only am\nts to say+ t he _c =m a resolution to /eal or n to /eal1 to lie or n to lie1 )\t 7consci\sly or unconsci\sly7 mak+ "s assumption z to ! reality ( ! moral ideal4 ,b !re is little ne$ ( argum5t to %[ t agno/ic philosophy fails to avoid mak+ assumptions1 i4e4 fails 9 practice to be agno/ic4 ,pr(essor ,huxley admitt$ t ! ,uni=mity ( ,nature 0 an assumption2 he assum$ t our moral ideals 7 real2 he took x = grant$ t ! w 0 n free4 ,we ne$ only po9t out t ! attempt to c>ry on philosophy & expla9 ! univ]se on purely sci5tific pr9ciples breaks d[n3 sci5ce makes no assumption ab\t ! reality ( our moral & /hetic ideals2 philosophy1 ev5 an agno/ic philosophy1 f9ds x necess>y to assume ! reality ( bo?4 ,ev5 if philosophy c\ld be made sci5tific1 x w\ld n get rid ( unprovable assumptions3 x w\ld /ill be bas$ ^u ^? made by sci5ce4 ,& ! excell5ce ( philosophy1 or ( any explanation ( ! univ]se1 consi/s1 n 9 agno/icism1 n 9 mak+ no assumptions1 b 9 mak+ ! "r ones4 ,sci5ce1 z we h said1 makes no assumptions save ^? :i* are necess>y = h] purpose1 :i* is to asc]ta9 & describe :at actually takes place 9 ,nature4 ,conv]sely1 x is va9 to imag9e t f ^? assumptions any?+ c be d$uc$ except conclusions ( ! k9d :i* !y are fram$ to cov]1 viz4 conclusions z to :at actually does take place4 ,to say1 !re=e1 t all k--philosophy & religion--mu/ become sci5tific be=e x c be reg>d$ z tru/wor?y is simply to say t no?+ c be reg>d$ z true1 except :at is d$uc$ f ! assumptions ( sci5ce3 conclusions drawn f any o!r assumptions h no sci5tific tru?4 ,! assumptions ( sci5ce are con/ruct$ only to lead to conclusions z to :at is3 we c !re=e h no sci5tific1 i4e4 no real1 k ( :at ought to be4 ,) ! assumptions %e makes1 ,sci5ce c only describe ! way 9 :i* ?+s happ52 :y !y %\ld s happ5 x is !re=e impossible to "k4 ,! idea t all ?+s are ! expression ( self-det]m9+ w is n "o ( ! assumptions ( sci5ce2 no conclusions f x1 !re=e1 c be consid]$ valid4 ,)\t /ay+ to consid] :y ! unprov$ & unprovable assumptions ( sci5ce are s sup]ior to all o!rs z to be set up z ! sole s\rce ( tru?1 ! only f\nt ( g5u9e k1 let u consid] :at sort ( a picture ( ! univ]se !y give u4 ,p]haps a simile w be/ help u4 ,let u imag9e a game ( *ess 9 c\rse ( be+ play$ by invisible play]s 9 pres5ce ( a sci5tific philosoph] :o kn[s no?+ ab\t ! game--or :o assumes t he kn[s no?+--except :at 8 s5ses tell him4 ,:at he sees w be simply mat]ial *ess-m5 mov+ 9 space4 ,he may ei!r consid] !m to be m]ely s5se-ph5om5a1 m]ely affections or modifications ( 8 s5se ( sight & t\*1 or he may consid] !m to be real1 mat]ial ?+s4 ,9 ei!r case he makes an assumption4 ,! latt] assumption leaves x q an op5 "q :e!r ! reality is some?+ ins5ti5t or is ! expression ( consci\s w4 ,! =m] precludes ! "q1 i4e4 assumes t !re is nei!r consci\s w nor ins5ti5t matt] beh9d !m4 ,b 9 nei!r assumption is !re any?+ to prev5t ! philosoph] 9 "q f /udy+ ! movem5ts ( ! *ess-m5 & ! way 9 :i* at e move or mom5t !y are r$i/ribut$4 ,at fir/ _! movem5ts w\ld probably be r bewild]+2 b 9 c\rse ( "t he w\ld note1 we may assume1 t ,black nev] mov$ unless ,:ite _h previ\sly mov$1 & t any movem5t ( ,:ite 0 foll[$ by "o on ! "p ( ,black4 ,he might !re=e be tempt$ to lay x d[n z a rule t ,black nev] mov$ unless ,:ite mov$ fir/--t an effect nev] occurr$ )\t a cause2 & t a movem5t ( ,:ite 0 always foll[$ by a move on ! "p ( ,black--t a cause 0 always foll[$ by its effect4 ,b if he yield$ to ?is temptation he w\ld be mak+ an assumption1 =--inasmu* z he pr(esses to "k no?+ to beg9 )--he does n "k t ! pieces always w move 9 ?is way2 he only kn[s 7assum+ t memory is n a m]e delusion1 z x may be1 = any?+ he kn[s7 t !y h mov$ ?us1 n t !y always w move ?us4 ,he may1 h[ev]1 assume t !y w cont9ue to move 9 t way4 ,b ) e fre% assumption he becomes less & less ( an agno/ic4 ,he may1 inde$1 if he likes1 fur!r assume1 n only t ! pieces w move 9 ?is way1 b t !y mu/4 ,?is assumption does n1 inde$1 seem necess>y2 = if we "k 7or assume t we "k7 t !y w foll[ ?is c\rse1 x seems sup]flu\s to say t !y mu/4 ,x seems well1 !re=e1 to try to see on :at pr9ciple we are to make our assumptions4 ,x is an anci5t rule1 & "o foll[$ by sci5ce1 to make z few z possible--t is to say1 ! fewe/ t w suffice = ! purpose 9 h&4 ,if1 !re=e1 ! purpose ( our /udy ( ! *ess-bo>d is m]ely to f9d out h[ & accord+ to :at rules ! pieces actually d move1 h mov$1 & w move1 x seems suffici5t to assume t !y w move z !y h done1 n t !y mu/4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 we want to "k :y !y move 9 ! way t we assume !m to move1 !n ! assumption t !y d s because !y mu/ is c]ta9ly 9 =m legitimate1 ?\gh x may or may n be ! "r "o 9 fact4 ,"s p refuse to discuss su* que/ions z ,:y ?is univ]se8 ,:at is ! reason ( ?is un9telligible _w8 on ! gr\nd t !y _c be answ]$ except by mak+ assumptions :i* _c be prov$4 ,b is t really a good reason = refus+8 ,if x is1 !n none ( ! que/ions :i* sci5ce exi/s to answ] c be discuss$1 = !y also c only be answ]$ by assum+1 )\t pro( or possibility ( pro(1 t ,nature is uni=m1 t ! *ess-m5 w cont9ue to move z !y h done4 ,be ?is z x may1 our philosoph]1 if he assumes t ! c\rse ( ,nature is n only uni=m1 b necess>y1 is mak+ an assumption :i* is n requir$ = ! purposes ( sci5ce1 ?\gh x may be = 8 philosophy4 ,x is1 z we h said1 q legitimate = him to make ! assumption = philosophical purposes1 & to adh]e to its logical consequ5ces4 ,b 9 ! int]e/s ( cle>ness ( ?\ght x %\ld be recognis$ t ^? consequ5ces fl[ f x1 & n f any ( ! assumptions necess>y = ! purposes ( sci5ce4 ,he w be able to %[ on ?is assumption t !re is no?+ 9 ! hi/ory ( ! univ]se1 or 9 ! facts ( sci5ce1 to c\nt5ance ! idea t ! univ]se is ! expression ( self-det]m9+ w4 ,we only wi% to po9t out t ?is conclusion1 ev5 if true1 is n an inf]5ce f ! facts ( sci5ce1 b f ! initial assumption t no?+ :i* takes place 9 ,nature is ! result ( free w4 ,to say1 ,sci5ce does n f9d x necess>y to assume ! exi/5ce ( self-det]m9+ w1 nei!r !re=e w ,i assume x1 is true1 b is only half ! tru?4 ,sci5ce does n f9d x necess>y to assume ! non-exi/5ce ( self-det]m9+ w4 ,b ! philosoph] :o expla9s ! facts ( ,nature on ! hypo!sis t !y happ5 ( necessity1 does assume t self-det]m9+ w is non-exi/5t4 ,x is !re=e q natural t ! hi/ory ( ! univ]se & ! facts ( sci5ce1 int]pret$ 9 ?is way1 %\ld l5d no c\nt5ance to ! opposite !ory4 ,! hi/ory ( ! univ]se may also be int]pret$ z a manife/ation ( ! ,div9e w1 ! process ( evolution z a progressive revelation2 & if any be tempt$ to say ) a sigh1 ,ah6 b x all requires u to believe t !re is a ,god1 to beg9 )1 let !m reflect t ! o!r int]pretation _c ev5 beg9 )\t ! assumption t !re is no ,god4 ,b to return to our *ess-m54 ,a clos] /udy ( ! game w\ld reveal--9 addition to ! inv>iable sequ5ce ( ,black1 ,:ite1 ,black--! fact t ! v>i\s pieces _h v>i\s prop]ties & mov$ 9 v>i\s ways1 "s only "o squ>e at a "t1 "s ! :ole l5g? ( ! bo>d2 "s diagonally1 "s p>allel to ! sides ( ! bo>d4 ,fur!r1 our philosoph] w\ld obs]ve t ea* piece :5 x mov$ t5d$ to move accord+ to its own laws3 9 ! abs5ce ( c\nt]act+ causes1 e4g4 unless "s o!r piece block$ ! way1 a bi%op t5d$ to move diagonally ! :ole l5g? ( ! bo>d4 ,z a man ( sci5ce1 he w\ld /ate ^! obs]v$ uni=mities 9 ! hypo!tical =m rightly adopt$ by sci5ce3 if a ca/le moves x t5ds to move 9 su* & su* a way4 ,?us ev5tually he w\ld be able to =etell1 :5ev] any piece began to move1 :at direction x t5d$1 9 ! abs5ce ( c\nt]act+ causes1 to take4 ,he might n1 inde$1 be able to say be=eh& :i* ( ,:ite's pieces w\ld move 9 reply to ,black1 b 8 k ( ! game w\ld ev5tually become s sci5tific t he w\ld be prep>$ = mo/ cont+5cies1 i4e4 be able to say approximately :]e any piece w\ld move if x did move4 ,t k c\ld be atta9$ )\t mak+ any assumption z to :e!r free-w or necessity 0 ! motive =ce express$ 9 ! game2 & x w\ld be equally valid :i*ev] ( ! two assumptions he *ose to make4 ,8 sci5ce w\ld h no?+ to hope or fe> f ei!r assumption4 ,) reg>d to matt] & motion1 he w\ld note t a piece might be remov$ & deposit$ by ! side ( ! bo>d1 b 0 nev] de/roy$1 & he w\ld inf] t matt] is inde/ructible & c\ld nev] h be5 creat$4 ,z = motion1 ! condition1 ! only inv>iable & necess>y condition1 ( movem5t is previ\s movem5t1 ,black mu/ move be=e ,:ite c3 ! only condition ( *ange 9 ! di/ribution ( ! pieces on ! bo>d w\ld be "s previ\s *ange4 ,if ! sugge/ion 7 made to him t possibly ! real condition ( all movem5t & e *ange 0 ! purpose ( an unse5 ag5t1 & t real k 0 impossible )\t "s idea ( t purpose1 he might z a man ( sci5ce decl9e to accept ! sugge/ion4 ,! object ( sci5ce is n to conjecture :y ?+s happ51 or ) :at purpose1 b to describe positively ! way 9 :i* !y actually d happ51 or p]haps m]ely to describe ! motions ( mat]ial ?+s 9 space4 ,x does n matt] ) :at purpose a %ot or a m9e is fir$1 or ev5 :e!r ) any or none3 ! results are j ! same1 if x is fir$ 9 j ! same way4 ,sci5ce nei!r assumes nor d5ies ! exi/5ce ( purpose1 because nei!r ! assumption nor its rejection w\ld 9 ! lea/ help h] to discov] ! ?+s t %e wants to "k4 ,b are ! ?+s %e wants to "k ! only ?+s wor? kn[+8 ,e man is entitl$ to answ] t "q = himself4 ,are !y ! only ?+s t c be kn[n8 ,!y are ! only ?+s t c be kn[n--on h] assumptions4 ,j z ! _w c only be expla9$ sci5tifically on ! assumptions ( sci5ce1 s x c only be int]pret$ morally or religi\sly on ! assumptions made by religion & morality4 ,! only end t c\ld be subs]v$ by assum+ a ,div9e purpose w\ld be at mo/ to enable u 9 "s slight degree to argue :at ! purpose ( "s ?+s might be--& t is ( no int]e/ or value to sci5ce4 ,%e decl9es to look = a f9al cause3 h] bus9ess is ) effici5t & me*anical causes4 ,! sugge/ion1 !n1 t ! *ess-m5 may be mov$ ) a purpose is n reject$1 b is set aside z useless = a sci5tific compreh5sion ( ! game4 ,invisible ag5ts--& we are all invisible1 ?\gh our bodies are n--mov+ ! *ess-m5 ) a purpose1 or cross-purposes1 are hypo!ses valueless = sci5ce1 :i* aims only at positive facts1 ! laws accord+ to :i* ! pieces actually d move4 ,by ! aid ( ^! laws our philosoph] might succe$ 9 recon/ruct+ ! pa/ hi/ory ( ! game :i* he 0 wat*+4 ,f ! positions occupi$ by ! pieces n[ he might inf] ! positions f :i* !y came 7or ?9k he c\ld71 & s back1 /ep by /ep1 until he rea*$ ! ord] 9 :i* ! pieces are arrang$ at ! beg9n+ ( a game4 ,:5 he review$ ! k ?us obta9$ he w\ld see 9 ! process ( ! game a c]ta9 evolution f ! relatively simple movem5ts ( ! pawns :i* began ! game to ! highly complex movem5ts ( ! que54 ,!n1 :atev] ! ord] 9 :i* ! pieces happ5$ to be br\ght out & _! qualities develop$ 9 ! p>ticul> game he 0 wat*+1 he might argue on ! !ory ( necessity t t 0 ! only ord] 9 :i* ^? prop]ties c\ld h be5 evolv$4 ,on ! pr9ciple t effici5t & me*anical causes 7 suffici5t to provide a sci5tific explanation ( ! game x w\ld foll[ t ! high] p[]s manife/$ by ca/les & que5s1 ! late/ pieces to come out into ! game1 7 caus$ by ! previ\s action & movem5ts ( ! less highly develop$ pawns--t life & consci\sness are due to mat]ial causes4 ,! idea t ! movem5ts ( que5s & pawns alike 7 due to ! w ( an unse5 ag5t act+ ) purpose is1 z we h said1 a sugge/ion q valueless to sci5ce1 because any conclusions x might lead to w\ld n be sci5tific k4 ,if we assum$ ! exi/5ce ( purpose1 & ev5 c\ld conjecture dimly its nature1 we /ill %\ld h made no addition to ^? positive facts :i* are ! only ?+s t sci5ce is conc]n$ to e/abli%3 x w\ld be nei!r m nor less true ?an be=e t bi%ops move diagonally1 pawns "o squ>e at a "t1 gravitat+ bodies at ! rate ( sixte5 feet 9 ! fir/ second1 & s on4 ,x w\ld be nei!r m nor less true ?an be=e t pawns actually 7 ! fir/ pieces to move 9 ! game1 t lifeless matt] prec$$ ! evolution ( organisms4 ,above all1 x w\ld be nei!r m nor less true ?an be=e t ! conclusions ( sci5ce are ! only conclusions t a rational man w accept4 ,,footnotes3 #cg ,to say t my consci\sness (f]s no su* evid5ce is1 if true1 irrelevant4 ,we are conc]n$ ) ! consci\sness ( mank9d g5]ally4 ,9 a/ronomy ! p]sonal equation is all[$ =2 & 9 sci5ce g5]ally ! obs]vations ( "o savant are subject to confirmation or correction by o!rs4 ,,xi4 ,,! ,,common ,,fai? ,,( ,,mank9d ,x is an article ( ! common fai? ( mank9d t consci\sness is good & tru/wor?y evid5ce ( ! reality ( t ( :i* we are consci\s4 ,x is also *>act]i/ic ( t common fai? to believe 9 ! tru/wor?9ess ( ! ,p[] :i* manife/s itself 9 t ( :i* we are consci\s4 ,! man ( sci5ce %>es 9 ! common fai? ( mank9d up to a c]ta9 po9t3 he accepts ! te/imony ( consci\sness to ! reality ( mat]ial ?+s1 & he believes t ! ,p[] :i* manife/s itself 9 !m c be tru/$ to behave :5 x is 79 "t or space7 beyond ! range ( 8 obs]vation 9 exactly ! same way z x does )94 ,b to walk 9 ! common fai? fur!r ?an ?is po9t is unsci5tific4 ,x is rational to tru/ ! evid5ce ( consci\sness :5 x te/ifies to ! reality ( mat]ial ?+s1 b n :5 x te/ifies to ! reality ( our moral ideals1 or ! fre$om ( ! w or ! reality ( ,god4 ,x is sci5tific to tru/ ! ,p[] :i* manife/s itself 9 consci\sness to behave ) ! same uni=mity 9 ! future z x has done 9 ! pa/1 & rational to =mulate our sci5ce & /ake our mat]ial int]e/s on t uni=mity4 ,b x is n rational or sci5tific to tru/ t ,p[] to w freely ! good ( all ?+s1 or to tru/ our lives to t w4 ,! reason ( ?is %>p division betwe5 sci5ce & fai? is ! mi/ak5 idea t sci5ce involves no fai? & is a body ( k built up )\t any assumption4 ,b ev5 if we got ! man ( sci5ce to admit t sci5ce w\ld be impossible if ?+s 7 n real & ,nature n uni=m1 x w\ld /ill be op5 to him to say t he consid]$ any o!r assumptions unnecess>y2 & !re is a way 9 :i* he c\ld prove !m to be unnecess>y4 ,he might %[ t !y 7 no assumptions at all1 b logical consequ5ces f e/abli%$ sci5tific facts4 ,t 0 9 effect ! object aim$ at1 z f> z our moral ideals are conc]n$1 by ! optimi/ic philosophy ( evolution4 ,= ! optimi/ic philosoph]1 !n1 :o refuses to beg9 by tak+ ! diff]5ce betwe5 "r & wrong on fai?1 ! problem is1 grant$ ! reality ( mat]ial ?+s & ! uni=mity ( ,nature1 to %[ t ! moral law is simply "o p>ticul> case ( ! uni=mity ( ,nature4 ,! means by :i* ?is demon/ration is suppos$ to be effect$ is ! law ( ! survival ( ! fitte/4 ,x is %[n t ! law ( organic life is ! survival ( ! fitte/1 & t survival is ! consequ5ce ( adaptation to environm5t4 ,^! two laws are ( c\rse uni=mities ( ,nature4 ,x foll[s1 !n1 t !re mu/ be a con/ant t5d5cy on ! "p ( ! environm5t to secure bett] & bett] results 9 ! way ( organic life1 = x only p]mits ! survival ( ! fitte/ & ! increas+ly fitte/4 ,man is an organism1 & man's good !re=e consi/s 9 8 adapt+ himself to 8 environm5t4 ,?us ! laws ( morality are %[n to be b "o special case ( a c]ta9 uni=mity ( ,nature1 viz4 ! law ( adaptation to environm5t1 :i* applies to all organisms & n m]ely to man's4 ,! argum5t1 h[ev]1 is 9 ! fir/ place circul>3 fitte/ to survive simply means be/ adapt$ to ! environm5t4 ,d\btless ! be/ adapt$ to ! environm5t are be/ adapt$ to ! environm5t1 b x does n 9 ! lea/ foll[ t !y are !re=e morally or /hetically be/4 ,!re is1 !re=e1 no su* con/ant t5d5cy on ! "p ( ! environm5t to secure moral progress z is requir$ by ! ,optimi/ic ,evolutioni/4 ,9 ! next place1 on its own %[+1 ! argum5t ends by prov+ t morality--:at ought to be--is no?+ m or less ?an :at is4 ,& ?\gh t is exactly :at ! optimi/ und]took to %[--& exactly :at is und]tak5 by e "o :o engages to %[ t fai? is unnecess>y 9 morality because ! laws ( morality c be d$uc$ f ! facts ( sci5ce--/ill x may be d\bt$ :e!r ! conclusion :atev] is1 is "r is exactly ei!r a law ( morality or a uni=mity ( ,nature4 ,! "q at issue betwe5 sci5ce & fai? is1 z we h said1 n :e!r x is possible to ga9 tru/wor?y k ( ! _w )\t fai?1 )\t mak+ assumptions1 = sci5ce itself is built on fai? 9 ! reality ( ?+s & ! uni=mity ( ,nature1 b :e!r ! assumptions ( sci5ce are ! only assumptions t we ne$ make4 ,"o way ( prov+ t !y ne$ n be assum$ w\ld be to %[ t !y c be prov$ by sci5ce4 ,b t way failure lies1 z is %[n by ! optimi/'s ill-success4 ,b !re is yet ano!r way ( cutt+ d[n ! common fai? ( mank9d to ! n>r[] cre$ ( sci5ce1 & t is to %[ t ! rema9+ articles ( fai?1 ! assumptions n necess>y to sci5ce1 are inconsi/5t ) sci5ce4 ,t is ! me?od adopt$ by ! ,pessimi/ic ,evolutioni/4 ,he does1 inde$1 g fur!r ) ! common fai? ?an ! optimi/ did4 ,impress$ by ! failure ( ! optimi/ to exhibit ! laws ( morality z ! m]e outcome ( ! laws ( ,nature1 & ! reality ( our moral ideals z d]iv$ f ! reality ( mat]ial ?+s1 he accepts ! common fai? ( mank9d 9 ! law ( morality z be+ j z rational z 8 & _! fai? 9 ! uni=mity ( ,nature4 ,b hav+ tak5 ?is "o /ep1 hav+ adopt$ ?is additional article ( fai? on fai?1 he refuses to g any fur!r4 ,he accepts )\t evid5ce ! assumption t !re are c]ta9 ?+s :i* we ought to d1 j z he accepts )\t evid5ce ! assumption t ,nature is uni=m4 ,b he refuses to accept ! assumption t w is free1 because t is oppos$ to ! evid5ce4 ,he admits t we ought to *oose c]ta9 ?+s1 b d5ies t we c *oose !m2 & 8 =eca/ ( ! future is 9 accordance ) ! premises f :i* x is inf]r$4 ,x is a pessimi/ic picture ( man be+ /eadily driv5 to d ! ?+s t he ought n1 end+ ) ! triumph ( :at mu/ be ov] :at ought to be1 ( physical necessity ov] ! morally "r4 ,! object ( sci5ce is to discov] :at we ought to believe1 to sub/itute reason$ k = ignorant conjecture2 & ! fundam5tal fai? ( sci5ce is t we ought n to believe any?+ t is contr>y to ! uni=mity ( ,nature4 ,no?+ ought to %ake our fai? 9 t article ( our cre$3 no am\nt ( evid5ce w conv9ce a really sci5tific man1 a true believ] 9 ! fai?1 t any alleg$ violation ( ! uni=mity ( ,nature c be real4 ,no am\nt ( evid5ce w\ld be suffici5t1 = in/ance1 to w>rant ! belief 9 miracles4 ,ei!r ! alleg$ violation is only app>5t1 & w1 ) fur!r k1 turn out to be a fre% in/ance ( ! tru? t ,nature is uni=m2 or else ! evid5ce w prove on exam9ation to be untru/wor?y4 ,to admit t any evid5ce c\ld suffice = su* a purpose w\ld be to admit t ! uni=mity ( ,nature is n ! fundam5tal reality 9 ! _w ( sci5ce1 or ! ultimate base ( our k ( :at does actually take place 9 ,nature4 ,a little reflection is en\gh to %[ t ?is is an entirely self-consi/5t l9e to take up4 ,no am\nt ( evid5ce c %ake :at is itself built on no evid5ce4 ,if ! belief 9 ! uni=mity ( ,nature dep5d$ on evid5ce 9 its fav\r1 !n evid5ce aga9/ x might ov]?r[ x4 ,b1 z x re/s on fai?1 x is sup]ior to evid5ce4 ,n[1 :at is true & self-consi/5t 9 ! case ( sci5ce 9 its own sph]e is equally s 9 ! case ( morality4 ,x is ! common belief ( mank9d t we c1 & are able to1 *oose :at is "r2 & j z no am\nt ( evid5ce w conv9ce a really sci5tific m9d t a violation ( ! uni=mity ( ,nature is possible1 s !re is no evid5ce :i* w conv9ce a really moral man t he c\ld n h done "r :5 he did d :at 0 wrong4 ,we ought1 !re=e we c1 does n exactly express ! facts4 ,r1 x is ! o!r way3 we c love1 be m]ciful1 t5d]1 compassionate1 !re=e we ought4 ,lib]ty itself is a law to ! free1 ! s\rce ( moral obligation1 ! gift ( ,him ^: s]vice is p]fect fre$om4 ,! pessimi/1 !n1 :o ?9ks1 by produc+ evid5ce1 to %[ t :at ought to be _c be1 is adopt+ 9 morality a =m ( argum5t :i* 9 sci5ce1 :5 x is a "q ( miracles1 he condemns z inh]5tly vici\s & illogical4 ,fur!r1 ! evid5ce :i* he does produce is n altoge!r above suspicion4 ,x takes ! =m ( ! /atem5t t ! uni=mity ( ,nature is a uni=mity ( necessity & n ( a w freely purpos+ a good end by means ( a volunt>y uni=mity4 ,if t /atem5t c\ld be prov$ to be a logical consequ5ce f ! facts ( sci5ce1 !n x w\ld inde$ be prov$ t "o article 9 ! common cre$ ( mank9d 0 inconsi/5t ) ! re/4 ,b1 z we h argu$ already1 x is n impli$ ei!r 9 ! admitt$ uni=mity ( ,nature or 9 any ( ! facts d$ucible f x4 ,to rev]t to ! simile ( ! *ess-bo>d1 x is z ?\gh "o %\ld say t because ,black c\ld n h mov$ 8 knight unless ,:ite _h mov$ 8 pawn1 !re=e ,:ite 0 b\nd to move ! pawn4 ,we _c1 !re=e1 consid] t ! pessimi/ has succe$$ 9 %[+ t ! articles ( ! common fai? :i* he accepts require 9 _! logical consequ5ces ! rejection ( ! re/4 ,9 say+ t man ought to *oose ! "r1 b has no *oice betwe5 "r & wrong1 he is n =mulat+ a consequ5ce ( ! facts ( sci5ce1 he is simply assum+ )\t evid5ce ! exi/5ce ( a univ]sal necessity ( :i* ! *anges 9 ,nature & ! actions ( man are b ! v>y+ ?\gh inevitable expression--an assumption :i* invalidates morality )\t add+ to ! tru? ( sci5ce4 ,!re are ^? ^: belief 9 demonology furni%es !m ) a reason & an excuse = ! misde$s ( man4 ,! belief 9 necessity exhibits demonology z a doctr9e ( sci5ce3 man w\ld fa9 d "r1 b ! uni=mity1 :i* is ! necessity1 ( ,nature all[s him no *oice4 ,x is ,nature1 ! environm5t1 :i* is ! abode & headqu>t]s ( necessity1 ! enemy ( ! e?ical process1 ! ar*-demon ( sci5tific demonology4 ,& ! pro( t he exi/s is t he mu/4 ,:at mu/ be1 mu/ be1 because x mu/4 ,! attempt to r5d] morality sci5tific ends 9 a result fatal to morality2 & ! reason seems cle>4 ,x is t sci5ce is n morality1 nor are ! pr9ciples ( sci5ce ^? ( morality4 ,sci5ce is k1 morality is action4 ,k1 to be k1 has to presuppose t ,nature is uni=m & t ! ?+s x deals ) are real4 ,s1 too1 action1 to be moral1 requires ! belief t our moral ideals are real & t we are free to *oose betwe5 good & evil4 ,! optimi/ :o w\ld h u believe t sci5ce includes all ! rema9+ articles ( ! common fai?1 & ! pessimi/ :o argues t x excludes !m1 alike fall into ! error ( imag9+ t sci5ce1 ! k ( :at is1 is ! :ole ( k1 & t ! assumptions :i* are requir$ 9 ord] to describe :at is w enable u to d & to "k :at ought to be4 ,sci5ce1 :i* is a true description ( "p ( our exp]i5ce1 becomes a mislead+ half-tru? :5 x is (f]$ z an exhau/ive acc\nt ( ! :ole4 ,if1 kn[+ ! rules ( *ess & hav+ a record ( ! moves 9 a solit>y 7& unf9i%$7 game1 we refus$ to inquire :y ! pieces mov$1 on ! gr\nd t if we succe$$ 9 ! inquiry we %\ld h made no addition to our k ( ! way 9 :i* ! pieces d move1 we %\ld nev] und]/& ! game4 ,b we %\ld be ne>] ! tru? ?an if we assum$ t a piece caus$ its own movem5ts or ^? ( ! o!r pieces2 & t w or purpose 0 q incompatible ) ! uni=mity ( _! movem5ts4 ,! fact is t we h to play ! game--we are n m]ely spectators--& z a matt] ( fact1 also1 m5 d assume t !y c freely *oose :at moves !y w make & t !re are c]ta9 moves :i* !y ought to make4 ,! assumptions :i* !y make1 n exactly = ! sake ( play+ ! game1 b 9 ! act ( play+ x1 are nei!r includ$ 9 ! assumptions ( sci5ce nor exclud$ by !m4 ,to play ! game at all1 x is necess>y to h "s k 7or to act z ?\gh we _h "s k7 ( h[ ! pieces move1 to "k t bi%ops move diagonally1 t bodies t5d to gravitate at a c]ta9 rate4 ,man _c inde$ act or make ! slighte/ movem5t )\t deflect+ or />t+ "s ( ! processes ( ,nature & ( 8 own psy*ological me*anism3 x is ?r\gh !m t he op]ates1 & by means ( !m t he plays ! game4 ,9 ! beg9n+ he has b little k ( :at ! consequ5ces w be if he t\*es ?is or t spr+ ( ! me*anism4 ,yet ! k is necess>y = him1 if he is to play ! game z he ought1 i4e4 to atta9 ! moral ideals ( :i* he is m or less 7less at fir/7 consci\s4 ,9 acquir+ ?is k he uses 8 faculty ( ab/raction1 t is 8 p[] ( conc5trat+ 8 att5tion on "o aspect ( a ?+ or problem1 to ! exclusion ( ! re/1 9 ord] to ga9 a cle>] k ( x by giv+ x 8 undivid$ & undi/ract$ att5tion4 ,?us1 9 ord] to und]/& h[ ! me*anism ( ,nature or human nature actually does act1 he conc5trates 8 att5tion on ! work+ ( t me*anism 9 ! ab/ract1 i4e4 :olly ap>t f ! fact t x is at times />t$1 at times int]rupt$1 or r$irect$ = ! sake ( realis+ 7or ?w>t+7 8 ideals4 ,! k ?us ga9$ is sci5ce1 & is1 accord+ to ! agno/ic1 ! optimi/1 & ! pessimi/1 ! only k t man c h4 ,b x is cle> t man c & does reflect1 n only on ! way 9 :i* ! me*anism acts1 b also on ! use to :i* he puts x & ! relation ( t use to 8 ideals4 ,^! reflections may add no?+ to 8 sci5ce1 to 8 k t rooks :5 mov$ mu/ be mov$ p>allel to ! sides ( ! bo>d1 b !y d add to 8 k ( ! game4 ,9 f9e1 man ga9s a m important "p ( t k by or 9 play+ ! game ?an he does by /udy+ ! rules4 ,! rules acqua9t him ) ! res\rces :i* are at 8 disposal1 ! capacities ( ! v>i\s pieces & ! p[]s ( ! v>i\s =ces ( ,nature or human nature4 ,b x w\ld be absurd to pass ?is (f z a complete k ( ! game4 ,we may1 by play+ ! game1 add only to our k ( h[ ! game ought to be play$1 ( h[ ! me*anism ( ,nature & human nature ought to be us$1 & n add to our k ( ! fact t if & :5 ! me*anism is set ago+ x acts 9 ! way describ$ by sci5ce4 ,b ! "o k9d ( k1 ?\gh n sci5ce1 is j z true z ! o!r1 on ! same t]ms1 viz4 if y accept ! assumptions presuppos$ by x4 ,sci5ce1 !n1 is f ! v t]ms ( its con/itution ab/ract1 i4e4 ess5tially incomplete4 ,! v t]ms on :i* alone sci5ce is possible are t x %all /udy "o aspect only ( ,nature1 ! me*anical1 & %all asc]ta9 :at conclusions foll[ if we conf9e our att5tion to ! me*anical factors & neglect c]ta9 o!r factors--! fre$om ( ! w1 f9al causes1 & ! moral & /hetic ideals--:i*1 ?\gh volunt>ily neglect$ = ! mom5t1 are yet kn[n to be important factors 9 ! game ( life z x is play$ by u4 ,z (t5 z we act1 h[ev]1 we set ^? factors1 tempor>ily neglect$ by sci5ce1 9 action2 & !re is no reason :y1 :5 we h act$1 we %\ld n reflect ^u our action1 dis5gage ! assumptions :i* are presuppos$ by our actions1 & !n reconsid] ! _w & life 9 ! light ( ! assumptions on :i* our actions & ! actions ( all m5 are bas$1 viz4 ! fre$om ( ! w & ! reality ( our ideals4 ,?us view$1 ! _w becomes ! sc5e & life ! opportunity ( us+ ! =ces ( ,nature & our own psy*ological me*anism = ! purpose ( a*iev+ ! ideal4 ,b free-w & ! moral ideal are n ! only factors 9 ! _w z x is pres5t$ to ! common consci\sness1 or 9 life z x is c>ri$ on by humanity1 :i* are neglect$ by sci5ce1 & :i* h to be re/or$ by subsequ5t reflection1 if we wi% to see life true & see x :ole4 ,sci5ce decl9es to ent]ta9 ! "q :y ?+s happ51 or :e!r !re is any purpose 9 ev5ts2 & moral fai? only gu>antees t !re is t :i* man ought to d1 & t he is free to d x4 ,b sci5ce1 9 neglect+ ! action ( f9al causes1 omits a factor :i* n only mu/ be replac$ be=e we c h any adequate und]/&+ ( ! "p :i* man plays 9 ! _w1 b :i*1 by ! te/imony ( ! common consci\sness ( mank9d1 manife/s itself 9 ! ph5om5a ( ,nature4 ,! description :i* sci5ce gives ( ! sequ5ces & co-exi/5ces ( mat]ial & physical ph5om5a is consi/5t ) itself1 & is all t is requir$ by ! assumptions ( sci5ce4 ,x is only :5 we reflect ^u ! fur!r assumptions :i* we make1 or r act ^u z moral ag5ts1 t we f9d sci5ce inadequate or--if x pr(esses to be ! :ole acc\nt ( ! _w & man--mislead+4 ,& x is only by re/or+ ^? factors = :i* our moral consci\sness is ! evid5ce t we c rem$y ! defect or correct ! error4 ,! attempt made by ! optimi/ to disp5se ) ! te/imony ( consci\sness to ! reality ( ! moral law1 & ! attempt ( ! pessimi/ to disp5se ) ! fre$om ( ! w1 7 bo? failures4 ,9 ! same way1 bo? ! sci5tific & ! moral int]pretation ( ! _w are judg$ by ! religi\s consci\sness to be ab/ract1 & are se51 :5 view$ 9 ! light ( its presuppositions1 to be inadequate1 if n mislead+4 ,! inadequacy ( ! moral assumptions :i* are made by ! common consci\sness ( mank9d is manife/1 :5 we reflect t :ile ^? assumptions s]ve to decide ! "q--left op5 by sci5ce--z to ! ,:y8 ( human actions1 !y d n decide ! same "q z to ! ev5ts ( ,nature1 b leave x op5 z x 0 left by sci5ce1 :e!r f9al or me*anical causation is ! ultimate explanation ( ,nature4 ,! problem :at we are to d & to ?9k 9 life & ( life is "o :i* = its solution requires t ! :ole ( our exp]i5ce %\ld be tak5 into acc\nt3 if x is to acc\nt = ! sum total ( ! facts ( :i* we are consci\s1 x mu/ take = its basis ! totality ( ^? facts & no?+ less ext5sive4 ,x is true t ! v va/ness ( ! field to be survey$--! :ole ( ! common consci\sness ( mank9d--makes a division ( lab\r necess>y1 & compels u to conc5trate ourselves at diff]5t times on diff]5t aspects ( x1 & to treat ea* ( ! phases ( our exp]i5ce--religi\s1 moral1 & sci5tific exp]i5ce--= ! mom5t z ?\gh x alone exi/$4 ,b x is equally true t ?is isolation ( fir/ "o phase & !n ! o!r is m]ely a tempor>y device1 design$ & adopt$ = a purpose2 & t t purpose is to enable u ultimately to br+ ! :ole ( our exp]i5ce to be> on ! problem ( :at to d & to ?9k4 ,legitimate z x is1 :5 we are work+ at ! details ( ! problem1 to di/+ui% ! moral consci\sness f ! sci5tific1 & ! religi\s consci\sness f ! moral1 x is necess>y to be> 9 m9d t ^! di/9ctions are m]ely ab/ractions4 ,9 ?\ght we may & d s di/+ui%1 b 9 fact & exp]i5ce consci\sness is a unity4 ,! same man :o is consci\s ( s5se-ph5om5a is also consci\s ( moral obligation3 ! ,i :i* is consci\s ( moral exp]i5ce is ! same ,i t is consci\s ( spiritual exp]i5ce4 ,fur!r1 ! evid5ce :i* we h = ! ?ree k9ds ( exp]i5ce--sci5tific1 moral1 & spiritual--is ! same3 x is ! evid5ce ( consci\sness--! only evid5ce t we c h ( any?+4 ,t witness1 if discr$it$ at all1 is discr$it$ = all 9 all4 ,if discr$it$1 x mu/ be by its own te/imony1 = we h no o!r witness :i* c give evid5ce aga9/ x4 ,b we hope t x is true3 ! man ( sci5ce is s c]ta9 ( its tru?1 9 ! dep>tm5t 9 :i* he is mo/ famili> ) x & has ! be/ "r to speak ( x1 t he lays x d[n z a rule t !re simply c be no evid5ce ( an exception to ! uni=mity ( ,nature4 ,! morali/ is equally c]ta9 t no exception to ! law ( moral obligation is possible2 ! religi\s m9d t !re c be none to ! univ]sality ( ! ,div9e love4 ,to ! unity ( consci\sness corresponds ! unity ( our fai? 9 its tru/wor?9ess4 ,sci5tific & moral fai? are n diff]5t f religi\s fai?2 !y are b phases ( ! same4 ,! common fai? ( mank9d is n a syn!sis =m$ artificially by add+ ! ?ree toge!r2 on ! contr>y1 ! ?ree are artificially di/+ui%$ by ?\ght--!y d n correspond to fact1 b are ab/ractions f ! facts1 & are =m$ by ! suppression ( facts4 ,! religi\s consci\sness is itself ab/ract2 & z an ab/raction1 i4e4 if tak5 to be ! :ole ( :at we "k & feel & d1 is capable ( lead+ to false conclusions3 no religi\s belief c /& p]man5tly :i* runs c\nt] to ! facts ( sci5ce or ! moral fai? ( mank9d4 ,no am\nt ( spiritual exp]i5ce w add to our k ( *emi/ry or physics1 or be valid evid5ce aga9/ any tru? ( sci5ce4 ,x may s]ve to prev5t ! premature acceptance ( some?+ too ha/ily put =w>d z a sci5tific fact1 9 ! same way t sci5ce may ov]?r[ a belief errone\sly suppos$ to be religi\s4 ,b ?\gh ! religi\s consci\sness is an ab/raction1 9 ! same s5se t ! sci5tific & moral consci\sness are ab/ractions1 ea* is valid 9 its own sph]e2 & ! :ole evid5ce ( consci\sness 9 all its ?ree phases mu/ be tak5 toge!r1 if we are to elicit any univ]sal pr9ciples ( ?\ght & action1 any unity 9 our exp]i5ce1 any purpose 9 evolution4 ,f ?is po9t ( view we %all expect to f9d a unity ( exp]i5ce correspond+ to ! unity ( consci\sness1 & to discov] t !re is a fundam5tal id5tity und]ly+ ! app>5t div]sity 9 t reality ( :i* 9 consci\sness we are aw>e4 ,:at gives ?is unity to exp]i5ce is ! p]man5ce :i* we attribute to ! real1 9 :atev] way ! real is appreh5d$3 ! real1 :e!r appreh5d$ 9 s5se-exp]i5ce or 9 moral conviction or 9 spiritual exp]i5ce1 is *>act]is$ by p]man5ce1 z di/+ui%$ f ! pass+ feel+s ) :i* we view x & f ! transi5t exp]i5ce we h ( x4 ,! reality ( ! ?+s ( :i* we are aw>e ?r\gh our s5ses is conceiv$ z some?+ p]man5t1 & is impli$ to be s conceiv$ by all !ories ( evolution :i* wi% to be tak5 s]i\sly4 ,! p]man5ce ( moral obligation is n conceiv$ by ^? :o are g5u9ely conv9c$ ( its reality to v>y or to come & g ) ! flick]+ gleams ( our moral resolutions4 ,nor :5 spiritual light is )drawn f our he>ts is x suppos$1 by ^? :o believe x to be ! light ( ,god's c\nt5ance1 to be qu5*$ = ! "t4 ,! fundam5tal id5tity ( ! real ?r\gh\t its div]sity is :at is po/ulat$ by sci5ce :5 x expla9s ! process ( evolution by means ( ! law ( cont9uity4 ,x is equally po/ulat$ by ! moral philosoph] :o claims objective validity = ! moral law on ! gr\nd t x is ! same = all rational m9ds4 ,x is ! fai? ( ! religi\s m9d :i* n only feels ! ,div9e love 9 its own he>t1 & f9ds x e "t x obeys ! consci5ce1 b also div9es x 9 ! uni=mity ( ,nature & ?r\gh\t ! process ( evolution4 ,! id5tity ( ! real does n lie 9 ! m]e fact t we are consci\s ( x4 ,! real ?+s ( :i* we are consci\s h1 inde$1 z "o feature common to !m all1 ! fact t we are consci\s ( !m4 ,b ! id5tity ( ! real is n creat$ by nor a m]e expression ( ! unity ( our consci\sness4 ,x is n ! und]/&+ :i* makes ,nature--save 9 ! purely psy*ological way 9 :i* app]ception does2 on ! contr>y1 ! ?+s ( :i* we are consci\s 9 s5se-p]ception are giv5 z indep5d5t ( u1 ?\gh s5se-ph5om5a are obvi\sly n4 ,9 ! same way1 ! reality ( ! moral law is conceiv$1 9 ! v act by :i* we recognise x z b9d+ on u1 to be some?+ indep5d5t ( u2 nor is ,god's love t[>ds u dep5d5t on our m]its1 or exi/5t only :5 we recognise x4 ,if1 !n1 we are to ga!r up ! p]man5ce1 ! id5tity1 & ! indep5d5ce ( ! real into ! unity ( a s+le pr9ciple1 if we are to int]pret ! law ( cont9uity 9 ! light ( ! :ole ( our exp]i5ce1 we mu/ look to ! ,div9e w4 ,9 x we %all f9d ! reality :i* is progressively reveal$ 9 ! law ( cont9uity2 9 x we %all f9d ! p]man5ce & ! indep5d5ce )\t :i* reality has no mean+2 9 x ! *angeless & et]nal id5tity ( ,him ^: prop]ty x is ev] to h m]cy & always to be ! same4 ,!n1 p]haps1 we may ext5d ! pr9ciple ( sci5tific me?od s z to include ! :ole ( our exp]i5ce & to make ! :ole ( our k truly sci5tific2 = to ! uni=mity ( ,nature & ( human nature we %all add ! uni=mity ( ! ,div9e nature1 or1 r1 we %all see 9 ! =m] ! expression ( ! latt]4 ,b x is n ! agno/ic :o w ?us enl>ge ! b\nds ( sci5ce1 or op5 a page ( k ri* ) ! spoils ( fai?4 ,,xii4 ,,progress ,! artificial nature ( ! ab/raction :i* di/+ui%es ! sci5tific f ! moral & ! religi\s consci\sness1 z well z ! impossibility ( simultane\sly ex]cis+ fai? & repress+ x1 is pla9ly exhibit$ 9 ! optimi/ic int]pretation ( evolution4 ,! premises f :i* x />ts are fai? 9 ! uni=mity ( ,nature & belief 9 ! reality ( mat]ial ?+s4 ,! conclusions :i* x rea*es con/itute a non sequitur if !y are suppos$ to foll[ f ! av[$ premises1 & only comm& ass5t :5 we tacitly assume c]ta9 moral & religi\s presuppositions :i*1 if n av[$ 9 ! optimi/'s argum5t1 are in/9ctively suppli$ by ! moral & religi\s consci\sness ( ! optimi/'s disciples4 ,t ! process ( evolution on ! :ole has be5 & w be a process ( progress foll[s logically en\gh f ! optimi/'s av[$ premises1 if by progress we mean ! survival ( ^? be/ fitt$ to survive--t is1 if we empty ! notion ( progress ( all moral mean+4 ,b z ! conclusion t evolution is progress is ! conclusion :i* is necess>y = ! ju/ification ( ! common fai? ( mank9d1 ! illogical nature ( ! optimi/'s process ( inf]5ce is apt to be ov]look$ 9 consid]ation ( ! satisfactory t]m9ation ( 8 argum5t4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 necess>y1 9 ! int]e/s ( cle>ness ( ?\ght z well z ( ! moral & religi\s consci\sness1 t ! conception ( progress ?us ?\ghtlessly empti$ ( mean+ by ! optimi/ %\ld h its context re/or$4 ,?is s]vice--a s]vice ess5tial z a prelim9>y to e !ory ( evolution--0 r5d]$ by "o 9 :om ! moral consci\sness spoke ) =ce--,pr(essor ,huxley4 ,to him is due ! demon/ration t adaptation to environm5t1 s f> f be+ ! cause ( progress1 c\nt]acts x2 s f> f be+ man's ideal1 x is t :i* resi/s ! realisation ( 8 ideals4 ,progress is effect$1 accord+ to ,pr(essor ,huxley1 n by adaptation to b adaptation ( ! environm5t1 & consi/s 9 approximat+ to ! ideals ( art & morality--:i* ideals are n acc\nt$ =1 z ideals1 by ! fact t !y are ! outcome ( evolution1 because evil has be5 evolv$ z well z good4 ,:y approximation to ! ideal ( religion--love ( ,god z well z ( "o's neighb\r--%\ld n contribute to progress does n appe>4 ,if1 h[ev]1 we add x1 & also add ! ideal ( sci5ce1 viz4 tru?1 !n progress w be ! cont9u\s approximation to ! ideals ( tru?1 beauty1 goodness1 & hol9ess2 & human evolution1 s f> z evolution is progress1 w be ! progressive revelation ( ! ideal 9 & to man4 ,two ?+s are impli$ 9 ?is conception ( evolution3 ! fir/ is t evolution may or may n 9 any giv5 case be progress2 ! next t we h a means ( judg+1 a canon :]eby to det]m9e1 :e!r evolution is progress4 ,bo? po9ts are illu/rat$ by ! argum5t ( ,pr(essor ,huxley1 :o uses ! moral ideals z a te/ :]eby to judge ! process ( evolution1 & decides t evolution has be5 progressive 9 ! pa/ & w be regressive 9 ! future4 ,/range to say1 ! reason :y ,pr(essor ,huxley ma9ta9s t evolution w be regressive is exactly ! same reason t leads ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c] to ma9ta9 t x w be progressive4 ,x is t ! law ( evolution is ,necessity1 t evolution is ! outcome ( me*anical causes4 ,b 9 effect bo? argum5ts lead logically to ! same conclusion1 = ! progress :i* is ! outcome ( ,mr4 ,sp5c]'s argum5t is n progress 9 ! moral or any o!r s5se ( ! ^w4 ,9 f9e1 progress is ev5tually impossible if evolution is due to me*anical causes2 progress is conceivable only if we int]pret ! process ( evolution teleologically & z express+ ! op]ation ( a f9al cause4 ,sci5ce1 z su*1 decl9es to inquire :e!r !re is any purpose 9 evolution1 & leaves x an op5 "q4 ,! moral consci\sness affirms only t ! process ( evolution ought to make = good4 ,! religi\s consci\sness alone is 9 a position to say t its spiritual exp]i5ce requires u to affirm t evolution1 9 accordance ) ! uni=mity ( ! ,div9e nature1 w be1 9 ye>s to come z 9 ages pa/1 a cont9u\s movem5t t[>ds ! realisation ( all t 9 its be/ mom5ts ! human he>t holds mo/ de>4 ,! argum5t t evolution mu/ be progress commits logical suicide1 = 9 ! v act ( prov+ its conclusion x proves t progress is n progress4 ,we are !re=e left to face ! fact t progress is only a possibility2 & t am\nts to say+ t regress also is possible4 ,:at is impli$ !re9 w become cle> if we return to ! "q ( ! nature ( progress4 ,progress is n ! survival ( ! fitte/ to survive1 b ( ! /hetically or e?ically fitte/2 n adaptation to ! environm5t1 b approximation to ! ideals ( tru?1 beauty1 & goodness4 ,^? ideals are manife/$ 9 man1 b n equally 9 all m52 & ! words & works ( ^? m5 on :om !y are mo/ cle>ly impress$ & by :om !y are mo/ fai?fully express$ become ! canon :]eby we judge :e!r any t5d5cy 9 art or morality is progressive or retrogressive4 ,we _c all make beautiful ?+s or d h]oic de$s1 b we c all appreciate !m :5 made or done4 ,to appreciate !m1 h[ev]1 is to judge t !y d come ne>] to ! ideal ?an any?+ else ( ! k9d :i* we h yet kn[n4 ,?us ! ultimate c\rt ( appeal = ea* "o ( u is n ! ideal z manife/$ by man1 b ! ideal z reveal$ to ea* ( u4 ,true x is t1 until we saw t p>ticul> "w ( art or t p>ticul> in/ance ( love1 we _h no idea :at beauty or love c\ld be4 ,b t makes no diff]5ce to ! fact t we feel = ourselves h[ mu* ne>] x comes to ! ideal ?an any?+ we _h any idea ( be=e4 ,x may h5ce=? be ! /&>d by :i* we %all measure o!r ?+s1 b 9 adopt+ x we measure x ourselves1 & measure x n by itself1 b 9 relation to ! ideal4 ,& :at %all we say ( ! arti/ himself8 ,by :at does he measure ! "w ( 8 pr$ecessors & judge t x is n ! be/ t c yet be done1 if he does n measure x by ! ideal :i* is reveal$ m p]fectly to him ?an to !m8 ,b ! p]fect "w ( art or love1 :5 done1 becomes n m]ely ! canon by :i* to te/ progress2 x becomes itself ! cause ( progress1 bo? because ( its m p]fect revelation ( ! ideal & because ( ! emulation :i* x ar\ses 9 o!rs to g & d likewise4 ,!y likewise /rive aft] ! ideal & lab\r = its sake3 x is ! f9al cause ( _! endeav\rs1 ! purpose ( _! attempts2 & 7 !re no su* f9al cause !re w\ld be no progress4 ,! ideal is a pr9ciple bo? ( ?\ght & action1 ! te/ ( k & ! s\rce ( progress4 ,tru? is ! ideal ( sci5ce3 approximation to tru? is t = :i* ! man ( sci5ce lab\rs & t 9 :i* he conceives t sci5tific progress lies4 ,! gravitation =mula n only expresses a wide-rea*+ tru?1 b has act$ z an inc5tive to _m attempts to ext5d x to ! doma9 ( *emi/ry1 & s]ves z an ideal yet to be rivall$ 9 o!r bran*es ( sci5ce4 ,b sci5ce & progress 9 sci5ce are alike impossible1 if consci\sness & exp]i5ce be discr$it$1 or if ! ideal ( sci5ce be n real1 i4e4 if ! laws ( sci5ce h n ! p]man5ce1 ! indep5d5ce1 & ! self-id5tity :i* are ! attributes ( ! real1 b are z transi5t z ! m9ds t discov]$ !m1 exi/ only :5 ?\ght ( by man1 & are n really ! same at diff]5t times4 ,b if ^! ideals1 :e!r ( tru?1 beauty1 or goodness1 are ?us real1 !n !y are our ideals only 9 ! s5se t we are aw>e ( !m & adopt !m1 n 9 ! s5se t we make !m2 !y are ours because !y are pres5t 9 ! common consci\sness ( mank9d1 b n 9 ! s5se t !y are creat$ by t consci\sness4 ,!y are reveal$ to man be=e !y are manife/$ by man4 ,pr(essor ,huxley's def9ition ( progress cuts at ! root ( two misconceptions z to its nature1 :i*1 ?\gh mutually inconsi/5t1 are bo? widely spread4 ,"o is t ! late/ products ( "t1 simply because !y are ! late/1 are sup]ior to all t has prec$$4 ,! o!r is t to "k ! orig9s ( a ?+ w be/ enable u to assign its value4 ,! t5d5cy ( ! "o is to result 9 ! idea t because a ?+ has be5 evolv$ x mu/ be sup]ior2 ( ! o!r to lead to ! conclusion t because a ?+ has be5 evolv$ out ( c]ta9 elem5ts x _c be sup]ior to !m4 ,! tru? is t ! m]e fact t a ?+ has be5 evolv$--be x an in/itution1 a mode ( life1 or a disease--does n 9 itself prove ei!r t ! ?+ is or is n an advance on t out ( :i* x 0 evolv$4 ,regressive metamorphosis1 deg5]ation1 pa?ological developm5ts--physiological1 m5tal1 moral1 & religi\s--are all processes ( evolution1 b are n progress4 ,a society 9 its decay1 or an art 9 its decl9e1 is evolv$ out ( a previ\s heal?i] /ate or m fl\ri%+ p]iod1 b is n because lat] !re=e bett]4 ,nor1 on ! o!r h&1 does x foll[1 because ! e>lie/ manife/ations ( a t5d5cy are ! l[e/1 & c be %[n by ! !ory ( evolution to be s1 t no progress has be5 made 9 ! process ( evolution4 ,! arti/ic impulse 9 its e>lie/ manife/ations1 9 *ildr5 & 9 savages1 is rude en\gh2 b x w\ld be absurd to say1 !re=e1 t art 9 its p]fection has no m value ?an 9 its orig9s1 t ! ,h]mes ( ,praxiteles is on a level ) a mis%ap5 idol f ! ,s\? ,sea isl&s4 ,if ! cont9uity ( evolution does n w>rant u 9 assign+ ! same value1 /hetic or moral1 to all ! l9ks1 highe/ & l[e/1 9 ! *a91 /ill less does x au?orise or require u to d5y all value to ! l[e/4 ,on ! contr>y1 we %\ld r see 9 ! l[e/ :at x has ( ! highe/1 ?an look 9 ! highe/ = ! l[e/ we c f9d4 ,we %\ld bew>e le/ 9 r$uc+ ev]y?+ to its l[e/ t]ms we prove to h be5 seek+ simply to br+ x to our own level1 :5 at ! co/ ( a little m g5]osity we might h rais$ ourselves some:at ne>] to ! ideal prefigur$ ev5 9 ! l[e/ /age ( ! evolution ( love1 ( beauty1 ( piety or ( goodness4 ,inde$1 z a m]e matt] ( logic1 x is impossible to /ate ! nature ( a cause accurately1 q ap>t f any "q ( e/imat+ its value1 until or unless we "k ! effect :i* x produces4 ,x is n only t we may und]rate or entirely ov]look ! importance ( a ?+1 s long z we are ignorant t x is a factor l>gely influ5c+ "s result 9 :i* we are int]e/$2 b1 until we "k :at effects x is capable ( produc+1 we d n "k :at ! ?+ is4 ,we c\ld n be said to h k ( a drug if we did n "k :at its effects 74 ,nor is t k to be acquir$ by analys+ ! causes :i* produce ! drug4 ,x is n f ! me*anical causes :i* give rise to a ?+ t we c le>n :at a ?+ is3 no am\nt ( k ( ! prop]ties ( hydrog5 & oxyg5 w\ld enable u to pr$ict a priori ! nature ( ! comp\nd :i* is =m$ :5 electricity is pass$ ?r\gh two molecules ( ! =m] & "o ( ! latt]2 nor is ! lea/ light ?r[n ^u ! prop]ties ( wat] by our k ( its con/itu5t elem5ts3 on ! o!r h&1 our k ( !m is mat]ially & s]viceably increas$ :5 we le>n :at !y are capable ( produc+ 9 comb9ation4 ,we le>n mo/ truly :at a ?+ is f obs]v+ :at x becomes1 :at use x subs]ves1 :at end x answ]s1 :at purpose x fulfils--9 a ^w1 :5 we "k n its me*anical b its f9al cause4 ,9 biology1 k ( an organ means k ( its function--t is1 ( its purpose2 & evolutional biology also tea*es t function is ! cause ( ! organ4 ,x is by obs]v+ :at a ?+ becomes t we le>n ! "p x may h]eaft] play 9 ! g5]al s*eme ( ?+s1 & come to "k its real nature1 & e/imate x at its real value4 ,?us our e/imate ( ! value ( su* an in/itution z taboo goes up1 & our k ( x is increas$1 :5 we recognise 9 x "o ( ! e>ly manife/ations ( ! s5se ( moral obligation on its negative side4 ,aga91 9 trac+ ! evolution ( religion x is impossible to "k :i* ( ! v>i\s rites & c]emonies1 practis$ by a savage tribe 9 its deal+s ) ! sup]natural1 are religi\s & :i* non-religi\s1 )\t tak+ into consid]ation ! "q1 ,:at d su* cu/oms t5d to develop into8 ,until we "k t1 & until we c say :e!r :at is evolv$ out ( !m is religi\s or non-religi\s--a "q :i* we _c answ] unless we "k :at religion is--we _c be said to und]/& ! nature ( ! savage rites t we are /udy+4 ,b x is n f ! orig9s ( art1 religion1 or morality t we %all ga9 ! answ] to ! "q :at art1 morality1 or religion is2 = ! "q mu/ be answ]$ be=e we c recognise ! orig9s :5 we see !m1 & c only be answ]$ by ref]5ce to ! ideal1 :i* is ! te/ & f9al cause n only ( progress1 b ( ! real4 ,! ideal is a pr9ciple bo? ( ?\ght & ( action4 ,z a pr9ciple ( ?\ght x is ! te/ by :i* we det]m9e :e!r any giv5 movem5t is progressive or regressive1 & :e!r any giv5 ?+ is :at x appe>s or is alleg$ to be4 ,z a pr9ciple ( action x is t = :i* we /rive1 ! purpose ) :i* we act1 ! cause ( any progress t we make4 ,if we are n prep>$ to ma9ta9 t ev]y?+ :i* takes place is an advance ^u :at prec$$1 we require "s te/ :]eby to di/+ui% :at is progress f :at is n1 & we admit t progress is a possibility :i* may or may n be realis$1 & x becomes ( int]e/ to inquire on :at conditions its realisation dep5ds4 ,if1 z ,pr(essor ,huxley ma9ta9s1 ! te/ ( progress is approximation to ! ideal1 !n "o condition ( progress is t man %all be consci\s1 to :atev] ext5t is necess>y = ! purpose1 ( ! ideal1 %all feel t ! ideal ( love1 t5d]ness1 compassion1 ju/ice1 tru?1 beauty1 etc41 is a ?+ = him to /rive =1 an end = him to atta94 ,to ! *os5 few--! great arti/s1 ! moral or religi\s re=m]--a s5se ( ! ideal is dealt 9 a l>g] measure ?an to ! re/ ( m54 ,by ! *os5 few x is manife/$ to ! _m4 ,b x does n become ! cause ( progress1 unless x leav5s ! mass1 unless !y too are inspir$ by x to d bett] & be bett]4 ,9 a ^w1 :51 or if1 ev] ! ideal has be5 manife/$ 9 its fulness1 x is n a fre% revelation :i* is necess>y = progress1 b fre% conviction 9 u & r5ew$ det]m9ation4 ,inde$1 s long z we d n act up to ! light t we h1 ev5 an imp]fect revelation ( ! ideal may s]ve = imp]fect be+s4 ,s f>1 !n1 z ! g5ius 9 art or sci5ce1 or ! re=m] 9 religion or morals1 is ! cause ( ! progress t is made by 8 s*ool1 8 disciples1 & !m t foll[ aft]1 x is cle> t he is ! cause & n ! product ( evolution4 ,x is 8 works or words :i* inspire 8 foll[]s ) a fre% s5se ( ! reality ( ! ideal & a fre% resolve to devote _! lives to ! pursuit ( art or ! s]vice ( sci5ce4 ,b x is only because 8 p]fect "w is felt by !m1 judg+ = !mselves1 to realise ! ideal t x has ?is effect on !m2 & !y c\ld n judge x to approa* ! ideal m closely ?an any?+ kn[n to !m be=e1 unless !y _h "s surmise1 h[ev] vague1 ( ! ideal1 ) :i* to comp>e ?is "w1 p]fect z x seems to !m4 ,x is n necess>y to suppose t ?is vague surmise exi/$1 or if x exi/$ t x 0 att5d$ to1 previ\sly3 x may h be5 fir/ call$ into exi/5ce or into notice by ! contemplation ( ! ma/]'s "w1 b its pres5ce1 h[ev] evok$1 is atte/$ by ! judgm5t t 8 "w does come ne>e/ to ! ideal4 ,! manife/ation ( ! ma/]piece may be ! occasion ( ?is fre% revelation ( ! ideal1 b ! revelation mu/ be made if ! "w is to be judg$ highe/ & is to inspire ! disciple4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 "o ?+ to h an ideal1 & ano!r to live up to x4 ,to scorn delights & live labori\s days 9 ! se>* = tru? or 9 s+le-m9d$ devotion to ! cause ( art requires "s w4 ,grant$ t ! ideal has be5 reveal$1 ei!r to ! disciple on ! occasion ( ano!r's tea*+ or directly z to ! ma/]1 = progress !re is fur!r requir$ w4 ,x requires an act ( w to pref] ! ideal1 ) its labori\s days1 & to scorn delights2 & x requires _m acts ( w to make any progress4 ,yet ! w to believe & ! w to act are ! same w4 ,we may1 if we *oose1 def9e belief z ! read9ess to act1 & take action z ! te/ ( belief3 if a man 9 a hurry makes a %ort cut1 i4e4 goes /raight f "o po9t to ano!r r ?an r\nd a corn]1 8 action is pro( t he believes t a /raight l9e is ! %orte/ di/ance betwe5 two po9ts4 ,f ?is po9t ( view we may reg>d ! _m acts ( w :i* are necess>y to progress1 i4e4 movem5t 9 ! direction ( ! ideal1 z s _m reaffirmations ( ! orig9al act ( w by :i* we affirm$ our belief t ! ideal 0 ! goal ( progress2 & if our object is to %[ t ! behavi\r ( man1 s f> z he pursues ! ideal1 c be exhibit$ z a logical & rational behavi\r1 we are ju/ifi$ 9 ?us demon/rat+ t our r5ew$ resolutions to realise ! ideal are b ! logical consequ5ces ( our orig9al w to believe 9 ! ideal z ! prop] goal ( action4 ,our belief 9 ! ideal is ?us %[n to be ! pr9ciple f :i* our subsequ5t acts ( w c be logically d$uc$1 j z ,nature's uni=mity c be %[n to be ! pr9ciple f :i* ! conclusions ( sci5ce logically fl[4 ,b x may be d\bt$ :e!r ?is logical ord] ( ideas is ! *ronological ord] ( ev5ts4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 we g ?r\gh a numb] ( /ruggles & temptations long be=e we reflect1 if ev] we d reflect1 ^u !m 9 su* a way z to see :at is ! g5]al pr9ciple logically impli$ by our repeat$ if int]mitt5t resi/ance to temptation1 j z a *ild acts 9 a way t = its logical ju/ification w\ld require a =mal recognition ( ! uni=mity ( ,nature1 ?\gh ! infant ( two ye>s1 or less1 does n =mulate t pr9ciple z a condition prec$5t ( cry+ = its food or its nurse4 ,*ronologically1 !n1 ! w to act seems to prec$e ! w to believe 9 ! uni=mity ( ,nature1 & 9 ! case ( mo/ human be+s is nev] foll[$ by any fully consci\s =mulation ( ! pr9ciple on :i* we act z an ab/ract pr9ciple 9 :i* to believe4 ,t fact1 h[ev]1 does n 9 ! lea/ detract f ! value :i* ! =mulation ( ! ab/ract pr9ciple has3 :5 =mulat$ x becomes 9 ! h&s ( sci5ce z ,i?uriel's spe> = ! detection ( l+]+ sup]/itions & confusions ( ?\ght-- = no falsehood c endure ,t\* ( cele/ial temp]1 b returns ,( =ce to its own lik5ess4 ,at t\* ( ! "q1 ,does x contradict ! uni=mity ( ,nature8 error is se5 = :at x is1 & is explod$ soon] ?us ?an 9 any o!r way4 ,! ideal ( tru?1 !n1 ) its cele/ial temp]1 is logically implicit 9 ! e>lie/ acts ( w1 b *ronologically is develop$ 9 consci\sness lat]1 if inde$ & :5 x rea*es t lat] /age ( its evolution f ! pot5tial to ! actual4 ,! ideals ( morality & religion1 aga91 ?\gh equally implicit 9 ! acts ( w :i* =m _! e>lie/ manife/ation1 are1 z a rule1 bo? 9 ! individual & ! race1 m sl[ly evolv$ f ! p>ticul>s 9 :i* !y are imm]s$4 ,! p]iod ( _! ge/ation is long]1 & results 9 ! bir? ( a high] organism4 ,?us1 :5 we rea* ! age ( reflection1 :5ev] x may come1 we wake up to f9d t we h be5 act+ z ?\gh we _h beliefs1 :51 z 9 our infancy1 we c\ld h _h no beliefs1 & z ?\gh we will$ our actions1 at a "t :5 we c sc>cely be said to h _h any w 9 ! matt]4 ,= ye>s we h be5 act+ z we %\ld h done suppos+ t we _h believ$ c]ta9 ?+s & _h will$ our action accord+ly4 ,:5 we wake up to ?is /ate ( ?+s ! "q is1 ,are we b\nd to g on 9 ?is way8 are we b\nd n[ to believe z well z to act z ?\gh we believ$ 9 ,god1 morality1 & ,nature's uni=mity8 ,does ! fact t our physiological & psy*ological me*anism has be5 />t$--p]haps by ,nature's cosmic =ces1 p]haps by ! social environm5t1 c]ta9ly n by u--to run 9 c]ta9 grooves1 prove ei!r t we ought or t we mu/ cont9ue to run ! p>ticul> organism we are 9 *>ge ( on ! same l9es8 ,! agno/ic & ! a!i/ ex]cise _! fre$om ( w to say ,no4 ,!y claim ! "r & ex]cise ! p[] ( free *oice4 ,! agno/ic1 fur!r1 is fully aw>e t 9 *oos+ to believe ! uni=mity ( ,nature 8 *oice is n det]m9$ by evid5ce--x is a great act ( fai?1 no am\nt ( evid5ce c\ld ju/ify x1 ! only evid5ce anyone c br+ to ju/ify 8 belief 9 ! g5]al ab/ract pr9ciple is ! fact t he does believe x 9 e concrete1 p>ticul> in/ance4 ,9 a ^w1 he believes x because he *ooses to believe x--& t is exactly :at is meant by ! dictum1 :i* he f9ds x s h>d to und]/&1 t 8 w is self-det]m9+4 ,:5 x comes to ! "q ( morality & religion1 ! agno/ic aga9 ex]cises 8 fre$om ( *oice3 he wills to believe 9 ! =m] & n 9 ! latt]--! evid5ce = & aga9/ ei!r be+ equally nil4 ,x is n1 !re=e1 ! evid5ce :i* det]m9es 8 *oice2 & he %[s t x is n 8 previ\s hi/ory1 n ! mom5tum :i* 8 psy*ological me*anism ga9$ dur+ ! p]iod :5 he _h no consci\s or no self-consci\s control ov] x1 :i* det]m9es 8 *oice1 = 9 ! fir/ place he d5ies t x ought or mu/ influ5ce him1 & next he %[s t x does n1 by will+ diff]5tly 9 ! case ( ! two pr9ciples4 ,9 bo? cases 8 w is equally self-det]m9+1 ?\gh 8 w is to believe 9 ! moral pr9ciple or ideal & n to believe 9 ! religi\s4 ,if we wi% ei!r to def9e progress or to make x1 we mu/ *oose1 arbitr>ily or o!rwise1 "s p>ticul> goal & say1 def9itely & decid$ly1 any movem5t :i* be+ cont9u$ 9 ! same /raight l9e leads to t goal is progress1 e o!r movem5t is regress1 be+ necess>ily away f ! goal4 ,if we *oose1 by a great act ( fai? or o!rwise1 to say ! ideal is ! goal1 !n we h !re9 a pr9ciple bo? ( belief & action3 we h a /&>d by :i* to te/ ev]y?+ (f]$ = judgm5t1 a g5]al pr9ciple to apply to e p>ticul> case2 & we h an object to aim at1 a pr9ciple to c>ry out 9 e act ( our lives1 an ideal to /rive =4 ,b :e!r we *oose ! ideal z ! goal or some?+ else1 our *oice is ! free act ( a self-det]m9+ w4 ,progress1 on ! human side1 is--z inde$ is regress--! expression ( ! free w ( human be+s1 ^: *oice1 ?\gh free1 is limit$ to ! alt]natives (f]$ to !m4 ,^? alt]natives r$uce !mselves ultimately to aim+ at ! ideal or at some?+ else4 ,:at1 !n1 ( ! environm5t1 ( ! cosmos1 9 :i* man f9ds himself1 9 :i* he has to act & may act s z to advance or n to advance t[>ds ! ideal8 ,to beg9 )1 we may di/+ui% betwe5 ^? =ces 9 ! cosmos :i* man c to "s ext5t control1 & ^? ov] :i* he has no control4 ,! =m]1 f ?is po9t ( view1 ! po9t ( view ( action1 are means :]eby man secures 8 ends3 8 regulation ( !m effects t adaptation ( ! environm5t :i*1 accord+ to ,pr(essor ,huxley1 is ess5tial to e?ical progress4 ,n[1 z a matt] ( obs]v$ fact1 no "o d\bts t ! advance :i* civilis$ man has made 9 controll+ ! =ces ( ,nature is due to sci5ce & to civilis$ man's devotion to ! sci5tific ideal ( tru?4 ,ev5 ! savage made :at little progress he did make 9 ?is direction by act+ fitfully & unconsci\sly1 or at ! mo/ semi-consci\sly1 on ! pr9ciple ( ! uni=mity ( ,nature3 ! savage 0 fai?ful 9 little ?+s to ! sci5tific ideal--:i* 0 reveal$ to him b dimly--! savant is fully consci\s ( ! pr9ciple on :i* he acts1 walks 9 its light1 & /rives by example & precept to save 8 fell[-m5 f relaps+ into ! d>kness ( error & sup]/ition4 ,x is n m]ely because ( ! mat]ial advantages1 ! com=ts & luxuries1 :i* sci5ce indirectly secures to mank9d1 t ! man ( sci5ce devotes himself to ! sci5tific ideal & seeks to make x univ]sal3 x is = ! sacr$ cause ( tru?4 ,9 a ^w1 :at at fir/ sight pres5ts itself m]ely z a pr9ciple ( ! sci5tific reason1 proves1 9 ! conception ( ^? :o h sp5t _! lives 9 endeav\r+ to seek ! sci5tific ideal & to ensue x1 to be a manife/ation ( ! moral reason1 to be n m]ely 9 h>mony ) ! moral ideal1 b to h be5 its h>b+]1 mak+ ! way /raight = x4 ,belief :i* implies a violation ( ! uni=mity ( ,nature is d5\nc$ n because x violates a sci5tific pr9ciple1 b because x is immoral1 a pret5ce1 & a lie4 ,! f9al cause ( sci5ce is ?us made out to be to subs]ve ! moral ideal1 to secure t adaptation ( ! environm5t )\t :i* e?ical progress is impossible4 ,! lab\r ( adapt+ 8 environm5t w\ld h = man z a rational be+ no suffici5t reason if x did n t5d to realise 8 moral ideal4 ,man may use 8 sci5ce & ! p[] ( adapt+ 8 environm5t = o!r ?an moral ends2 b su* use is n1 accord+ to ?is view1 progress4 ,9 o!r words1 x is n sci5ce or ! sci5tific ideal alone :i* enables u to lay d[n ! l9e ( progress1 b sci5ce & morality toge!r3 "o po9t _c give u our direction1 b ! l9e :i* connects two po9ts may4 ,?us f>1 !n1 by tak+ ! environm5t into consid]ation1 we seem to h introduc$ no new factor into our conception ( progress4 ,x seems t :5 ,i wake up f *ildhood's slumb] ,i f9d myself surr\nd$ by m5 :o believe t !y c d c]ta9 ?+s--make ra91 s5d telegraphic messages1 etc42 & ,i am told t if c]ta9 assumptions--t !re is a ,god1 t ,nature is uni=m1 etc4--be true1 !n x w be well = me to behave 9 a c]ta9 way4 ,b :at if ! assumptions be n true8 ,my eld]s tell me t exp]i5ce--9 ! individual1 9 ! race1 enl>g$ by sci5ce & ! !ory ( evolution--%[s x is q safe to assume t !y are true1 at any rate z a provisional hypo!sis4 ,( c\rse1 if ! future is go+ to resemble ! pa/1 !n exp]i5ce ( ! pa/ is a good guide to ! future3 b t is j ! "q1 is ! future go+ to resemble ! pa/8 ,9 o!r words1 :at attitude am ,i to assume t[>ds my environm5t1 ! cosmos8 ,am ,i to assume t x w "w1 & = c\ntless ages has work$1 9 su* a way z to make x possible = me1 ) "s co-op]ation on my "p1 to d ?+s :i* my eld]s tell me are desirable & :i* ,i feel = myself ,i %\ld r l to d8 ,if ,i assume t ! cosmic p[] does "w ?us1 9 su* a way t ,i c "k ! tru? & d ! "r1 & love ! ,p[] t gives me ! *ance & makes x possible1 ev5 = me1 s to d1 ,i am only ex]cis+ ! w to believe 9 t pr9ciple :i* is logically impli$ by e act ( ! sci5tific or moral life4 ,x is ! common fai? ( mank9d t exp]i5ce may be tru/$2 & x is ! common exp]i5ce ( mank9d t progress is approximation to ! ideals ( tru?1 ( goodness1 & ( love4 ,x is n ! common exp]i5ce ( mank9d t all m5 or all peoples approximate equally to ^? ideals4 ,! measure ( progress is to be f\nd 9 ! cle>ness & consi/5cy ) :i* m5 h c>ri$ out 9 sci5ce ! pr9ciple ( ! uni=mity ( ,nature1 9 _! deal+s ) _! fell[-m5 ! pr9ciples ( morality1 9 _! deal+s ) ! sup]natural ! pr9ciple ( love4 ,sci5ce1 & especially ! !ory ( evolution1 has enorm\sly ext5d$ our inf]5tial exp]i5ce1 b x has done s only by accept+ ! common fai? t exp]i5ce may be tru/$1 t is to say1 t ! environm5t1 ! cosmos1 is tru/wor?y )9 our exp]i5ce ( x4 ,:51 !n1 ! optimi/ alleges t ! process ( evolution has be51 on ! :ole1 a c\rse ( progress1 he is b %[+ t ! common fai? 9 ! tru/wor?9ess ( ! reality 9 :i* we move & h our be+ ju/ifies itself4 ,b he does n %[ u1 nor does sci5ce %[ u1 :y ! real1 ! cosmos1 is tru/wor?y3 he ends by %[+ t x is tru/wor?y because he began1 l all ( u1 by tru/+ x4 ,he is q "r3 x is ! only way 9 :i* to demon/rate t ei!r sci5ce1 or morality1 or religion is tru/wor?y--by giv+ our fai?1 to />t )4 ,only :5 we are satisfi$ z to ! fact c we pr(itably inquire ! reason2 & ! reason is to be f\nd only 9 ! nature ( ! real1 z reveal$ to u 9 ! sum total ( our exp]i5ce1 sci5tific1 moral1 & religi\s4 ,b ! w to believe t exp]i5ce & to tru/ ! real :i* x reveals1 is free3 if a man w n accept x z tru/wor?y1 !re is = him no reason :y4 ,! case is diff]5t ) ! man :o does accept ! te/imony ( consci\sness z evid5ce ( ! reality to :i* x te/ifies4 ,= him ! "o reality is ,w1 & ! ideals ( sci5ce1 morality1 & religion are ! expressions ( t ,w4 ,9 accept+ !m z ! pr9ciples ( ?\ght & action he does n le>n :at is ! purpose ( evolution1 ! f9al cause ( ! cosmos3 he *ooses to believe t1 by s accept+ !m & by /riv+ to realise ! ideal1 he is fulfill+ ! ,div9e ,w & contribut+ 8 %>e to ! realisation ( ! rational purpose to :i*1 he assumes1 ! process ( evolution is t5d+4 ,b 9 s do+ he does n r5\nce 8 fre$om3 8 resolution to believe is an ex]cise ( 8 free w1 an act1 a great act1 ( fai?4 ,if c>ri$ into effect 9 8 daily life1 8 resolution1 daily r5ew$ & ev] free1 may 9 ! end become a daily act ( love1 & !n he w und]/& ! reason :y ! cosmos1 or ! cosmic p[]1 is tru/wor?y4 ,only love ( man c\ld h giv5 man1 z 8 ideals1 to "k ! tru? & d ! "r4 ,only if man's ideals are s giv5 is ! cosmos tru/wor?y--if x is tru/wor?y4 ,if x is n1 !n !re is no tru? to "k1 no "r to d1 no inf]5ce c be drawn f ! pa/ to ! future1 = ! pa/1 ev5 ( a m9ute ago1 may be a delusion4 ,b ?\gh ! w to believe t ! cosmos is untru/wor?y _c 9 practice be c>ri$ out 9 all its logical 7or illogical7 conclusions1 x c be & is act$ on int]mitt5tly1 & su* action is regress4 ,s f> z x is c>ri$ out1 x is ! negation ( progress2 if x c\ld be c>ri$ out completely & by all m51 !re w\ld be an end ( progress2 sci5ce1 morality1 & religion w\ld be ext+ui%$2 evil w\ld triumph ov] good4 ,! hi/ory ( evolution %[s t1 z a matt] ( fact1 su* unfai? 9 ! reality ( our ideals has be5 only int]mitt5t2 = ! c\rse ( evolution has be51 on ! :ole1 progress4 ,individual exp]i5ce %[s t !re comes a po9t1 soon or late1 at :i* ! w1 act+ freely1 refuses to g fur!r ) its rejection ( morality3 !re are "s ?+s :i* ev5 a bad man w n d--h[ev] oddly !y may seem *os54 ,9 !ory1 9 philosophy1 !re is a po9t at :i* ! w refuses to g fur!r ) its rejection ( ! common reason1 9 :i* all m5 %>e3 !re are "s ?+s :i* ev5 ! sceptic refuses to disbelieve1 e4g4 ^? :i* are necess>y to 8 conviction t no?+ c be believ$4 ,^! consid]ations may s]ve to confirm u 9 ! belief t progress has be5 ! law ( evolution 9 ! pa/ & w increas+ly be 9 ! future4 ,!y %\ld s confirm u1 = !y d b c>ry out1 z f> z hi/ory1 individual exp]i5ce1 & imag9ation c take u1 our fundam5tal fai? 9 ! reality ( ^? ideals t are reveal$ 9 consci\sness to all ( u4 ,belief 9 ! possibility ( progress at all c>ries ) x1 z its logical po/ulate1 fai? 9 ! wisdom & goodness ( ,god4 ,b if wisdom & goodness are ! s\rce ( all reality1 & if ! f9al purpose ( evolution is ! realisation ( ! ideal--viz4 love ( tru?1 ( our fell[-be+s1 & ( ,god--:at are we to say ( evil8 ,is x n real8 ,x is real1 9 ! same s5se t our pleasures & pa9s are real1 b n 9 ! same s5se t ! ideal is real4 ,! real ?+s :i* our s5se-exp]i5ce reveals to u are real 9 ! s5se t !y are p]man5t1 indep5d5t ( u1 & self-id5tical4 ,! same *>act]i/ics atta* to ! realities reveal$ to u 9 our moral & spiritual exp]i5ce4 ,! laws ( morality & ! goodness ( ,god d n come & g ) our fleet+ recognitions ( !m2 !y are p]man5t1 indep5d5t ( u1 & are ev] ! same3 ,god's goodness faile? nev]4 ,! uni=mity ( ,nature is b "o expression ( ! uni=mity ( ! ,div9e love = man3 x is t :i* makes x possible = man to "k ! tru? & survive 9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce4 ,b evil is n indep5d5t ( u m53 x exi/s only s f> z we w x to exi/4 ,x is n p]man5t3 x comes & goes ) our pass+ acts ( w4 ,x is n self-id5tical1 b t5ds to self-de/ruction4 ,x is ! w to believe no?+1 & !re=e1 z action involves belief1 ! w to d no?+--t is1 to rev]t to ! condition ( m]e in]t matt]1 z matt] is conceiv$ by ! mat]iali/ to exi/4 ,b ?\gh evil be illusive1 ?\gh x is ! fool :o says 9 8 own he>t1 ,!re is no ,god1 or ,tu%6 ,he w n see x1 ! illusion is volunt>y4 ,x is we :o deceive or sophi/icate ourselves1 :5 we w to believe t ?is act is n really wrong1 or t our peculi> circum/ances con/itute a special1 a highly special exception1 on ?is occasion only1 to ! rules = ord9>y occasions & ord9>y m54 ,& ?\gh ! illusion is subjective1 i4e4 is n g5]ally %>$ by ! onlook]s1 & is consci\sly subjective 7= we avoid onlook]s1 because !y w\ld spoil ! illusion71 nev]!less1 subjective ?\gh x be1 x is a fact 9 y\r p>ticul> subjective hi/ory1 & a damn+ fact4 ,if ! evil t y w is conf9$ 9 its range to y\r w1 & if its exi/5ce c only be recreat$ by a fre% act ( w 9 y or ano!r1 t is an argum5t to %[ t !re is m]cy 9 ! s*eme ( ?+s1 b x does n prove t y incur no responsibility 9 (f]+ y\rself or ano!r ! example & ! opportunity ( do+ wrong4 ,we are n1 &1 if ! w be free1 we _c be responsible = :at o!rs d2 b we are responsible = :at we d--= evil1 if x be evil2 = good1 if we----b !re is no press+ ne$ to consid] t cont+5cy4 ,! "q und]ly+ ! previ\s p>agraph is t ( our social environm5t & its effects4 ,we are apt to =get t we are ! social environm5t4 ,if we be> ! fact 9 m9d1 we %all p]haps be less incl9$ to seek ! orig9 ( all our misde$s outside ourselves3 we _c %ift ! burd5 ( our own wrong-do+ on to ! %\ld]s ( society by any process :i* does n br+ back at lea/ an equival5t burd54 ,! fact is t nei!r c we cause o!rs1 nor c o!rs cause u to d evil4 ,:at we c d is to supply !m ) an opportunity1 :i*1 b = our action1 w\ld n inde$ h exi/$1 b :i* also1 s f> f necessitat+ evil action on _! "p1 may by _! free w be made ! occasion = a victory ov] wrong4 ,! fact1 h[ev]1 t !y alone are responsible = _! evil-do+ prev5ts u f tak+ any cr$it = _! good de$s4 ,x is = our own acts ( w t we are responsible1 & x is by will+ evil t we become evil4 ,we create evil1 consci\sly1 by e wrong act ( w t we p]=m1 & !n we talk ( ! orig9 ( evil z a my/]y1 s ?or\ghly d we sophi/icate ourselves6 ,:y %\ld !re be evil8 ,:y1 inde$8 ,!re is no reason1 no rational answ] c be giv51 because evil is irrational--x is ! w to reject ! common reason or common s5se or fai? ( mank9d1 9 ?is detail or t4 ,x is ! arbitr>y elem5t1 self-w1 & if x c\ld be elim9at$ we %\ld h a uni=mity ( human nature & ( human love correspond+ to ! uni=mity ( ! ,div9e4 ,progress is ! process ( its elim9ation4 ,if we turn f ! human to ! pre-human p]iod ( evolution1 ! fir/ imm$iate fact :i* /rikes u is t !re has be5 ?r\gh\t ! animal k+dom an evolution ( m9d1 :i* has result$ 9 provid+ man ) ! psy*ological app>atus necess>y = conceiv+1 &1 to "s ext5t1 realis+ ! ideal4 ,:5 we rea*$ ! age ( reflection1 we woke up to f9d t our psy*ological me*anism _h be5 runn+ = "s ye>s 9 c]ta9 grooves4 ,we n[ f9d t its direction c be trac$ back by evolution to ! beg9n+s ( animal consci\sness4 ,if1 h[ev]1 we believe t ! evolution ( m9d1 animal & human1 has be5 a process ( progress1 we d s n on ! gr\nd t m9d has be5 evolv$1 b t its evolution has be5 9 ! direction ( ^? ideals1 approximation to :i* is believ$ by u to be progress4 ,simil>ly1 if ! pre-animal p]iod ( ! e>?'s evolution is %[n by sci5ce to h result$ 9 fitt+ ! e>? to be ! home ( animal life1 we judge t evolution to h be5 progress1 n because x prep>$ ! _w ev5tually = man1 b because x is se5 to h be5 "p ( ! process by :i* ! ideal is 9 c\rse ( realisation1 by :i* ! ,div9e purpose is 9 ! c\rse ( be+ fulfill$4 ,! only value t we c assign to ! pre-human p]iod ( evolution is t :i* atta*es to x z a means to an end2 b ?\gh we believe t by /riv+ aft] ! ideals reveal$ to u we are lab\r+ t[>ds t end1 & ?\gh ev]y?+ t makes = ! ideal contributes to ! end1 yet we d n "k ! ,div9e purpose1 & we _c say 9 :at manifold o!r ways ! pre-human p]iod may h subs]v$ t purpose4 ,x is suffici5t if we c trace ! /eps by :i* ?is "o portion1 ! only portion kn[n to u1 ( ! :ole design has be5 c>ri$ =w>d4 ,?is reflection is "o :i* x is necess>y to be> 9 m9d :5 consid]+ ! alleg$ wa/efulness ( ! process ( evolution & ! price at :i* progress has be5 pur*as$4 ,! !ory ( evolution1 z a purely sci5tific !ory1 i4e4 z an objective /atem5t ( :at actually has tak5 place on ! e>? 9 ! pa/1 %[s t ! v>i\s species ( animals :i* h surviv$ 7--s long z !y did survive--! only species :i* c\ld survive "u ! conditions :i* !n prevail$2 giv5 ! conditions1 _! survival 0 necess>y & inevitable4 ,!re ! sci5tific explanation ( ! matt] ends3 hav+ %[n ! causes :i* produc$ ! effect 9 "q1 sci5ce has expla9$ ev]y?+ t x und]took to expla94 ,_h ! conditions be5 diff]5t1 ! pres5t /ate ( ! _w1 d\btless1 w\ld h be5 diff]5t2 b be+ :at !y 7 !y produc$ t :i* is1 & !re is an end ( ! matt]--z f> z x is a matt] = sci5tific inve/igation4 ,:at we are to ?9k ( ! survivors--:e!r we are to admire !m2 :e!r we are to consid] _! survival an advance & an improvem5t2 :e!r any?+ has be5 ga9$ by _! survival1 &1 if s1 f :at po9t ( view ! ga9 is a ga9--are que/ions :i* sci5ce excludes1 because1 h[ev] answ]$1 !y d n affect ! sci5tific fact t ^! species did survive1 &1 "u ! conditions1 alone c\ld survive4 ,b we all take x = grant$ & z self-evid5t t man is n only bett] adapt$1 "u exi/+ conditions1 to survive & fl\ri% at ! co/ & to ! ext9ction ( o!r species1 b t he is bett] ?an ! brute1 t 8 survival is an advance1 t 8 is a high] type1 & t 8 exi/5ce realises a high] ideal ?an t ( ! brutes4 ,we believe ?is n m]ely because we are m51 & z su* rate our own com=ts1 our own int]e/s1 our own sk9s z ! mo/ important ?+s kn[n to u1 = !re are ?+s = :i* m5 sacrifice _! own int]e/s & = :i* !y h laid d[n _! lives4 ,x is precisely because !re are ?+s m important ?an our own mat]ial & animal exi/5ce1 & because !y are or may be realis$ by man & n by ! animals1 by ! ideal man & n by ! brute man1 t we consid] him to be wor? m ?an _m sp>r[s--?\gh !y too h _! value 9 ,8 eyes--& man's exi/5ce to be ( a high] type ?an !irs4 ,?us1 !n1 :5 sci5ce--:i*1 if x is truly sci5tific1 makes no di/9ction ( value1 moral or spiritual1 betwe5 man & ! sp>r[--has expla9$ t a giv5 species :i* did survive 0 ! only species t c\ld h surviv$ "u ! conditions1 !re /ill rema9s ! problem1 = ^? to :om x is a problem1 ,:y %\ld ! species :i* 0 b\nd to survive also happ5 to be a species ( a high] type8 ,:y h ! survivors always happ5$ to be bo? bett] adapt$ to survive & bett] adapt$ to fur!r ! ideal :i* ! c\rse ( evolution reveals ) increas+ cle>ness8 ,9 f9e1 sci5ce expla9s only a "p1 n ! :ole ( ! effect ( evolution4 ,x conc5trates its att5tion on "o "p or aspect ( ! effect1 on ! survival ( ! fitte/1 & expla9s v simply & satisfactorily t ! environm5t kills (f ! creatures :i* are n fit to cope ) x1 :ile ! fitte/ to cont5d ) x survive4 ,! fact t ! survivors n only are be/ adapt$ to ! environm5t1 b are also be/ adapt$ to br+ ! :ole creation "o /ep ne>] to ^? di/ant ideals 9 expectation ( :i* x groane? & travaile?1 is t "p ( ! effect :i* sci5ce1 = sci5tific purposes1 rightly ignores4 ,sci5ce does n und]take to e/imate ! value ( ! effect produc$1 or ev5 to consid] :e!r :5 produc$ x has any value4 ,b :5 ! "q is rais$ z to ! co/ at :i* ! process ( evolution is c>ri$ on1 x becomes necess>y to br+ into ! acc\nt ! value ( ! result atta9$ or to be atta9$4 ,possibly1 creation t groan$ 9 h] travail may rejoice t a man-*ild has be5 born4 ,b s mu* dep5ds on :at h] *ild gr[s into4 ,& he has free w4 ,we h ! p[] n[ & "h to da% h] expectations to ! gr\nd4 ,! value ( a ?+ to me is exactly :at ,i am prep>$ to give or d = x4 ,i h no o!r way ( e/imat+ ! value ( ! ideals = :i* creation has lab\r$ 9 ! pa/1 ?an by ask+ myself h[ f> ,i am prep>$ to g = ! love ( tru?1 ( fell[-be+s1 & ( ,god4 ,if ,i am prep>$ to give ev]y?+1 & !n c\nt myself ! ga9]1 !n inde$ ,i may "k t ! co/ ( evolution has n be5 great] ?an ! value ( ! ideal3 ,i "k ! highe/ price1 & ,i "k ! feel+s ( ^? :o pay x4 ,& !y are ! only p]sons :o c judge ! value ( ! article1 = !y are ! only p :o get x4 ,! fact1 h[ev]1 t !y d get x1 t !y get x 9 full1 & e man accord+ to ! measure ) :i* he metes x1 conta9s ! answ] to our "q4 ,:at is true n[ 0 true ( e>li] g5]ations & e>li] m53 ! value ( ! ideal to e man 0 exactly :at he gave = x4 ,x is ! realisation ( ! ideal by me t is my rew>d1 ?\gh my object may be its realisation by o!rs4 ,b x is absurd to say t _! ga9 is my loss1 or t _! progress has be5 made at my exp5se4 ,^! consid]ations apply only ( c\rse to ^? m5 :o h sacrific$ !mselves = ! sake ( progress & ! love ( _! fell[-man4 ,mo/ m51 h[ev]1 d n sacrifice !mselves mu*2 & !re=e !y c h>dly be br\ght out z m>tyrs to ! cause ( progress1 z ! millions :o h p]i%$ by ! wayside 9 ! m>* ( evolution4 ,x is n until we introduce ! elem5t ( mat]ial progress t x becomes possible to ma9ta9 ) any plausibility t !re is a div]g5cy ( int]e/s betwe5 ! contributors to x1 or t !y :o s[$ h be5 sacrific$ to u :o reap4 ,x is :5 we comp>e ! %iv]+ savage ) our %elt]$ civilisation1 primitive man's /ruggle = exi/5ce ) civilis$ man's enjoym5t ( exi/5ce1 t we beg9 to be anxi\s ab\t ! co/ ( evolution--t is to say1 t our little fai? 9 ! value ( ! ideal beg9s to torm5t u4 ,9 our unread9ess to sacrifice ourselves we =get t x is possible = civilis$ man also to make sacrifices--p]haps ! great] because he has ! m to =ego--& t ! savage has 8 tribal traditions1 embody+ 8 ideal ( a good man1 to live up to2 8 tribal cu/oms1 :i* he may violate ) self-reproa*1 or fulfil ) satisfaction2 8 conceptions ( ! tru? ab\t man's relations to ! pa/1 ! _w1 & ! sup]natural4 ,! savage also has 8 ideal1 :i* he sets above 8 pleasure1 & = :i* he faces pa9 9 _m a cruel rite4 ,%all we say t its realisation is no rew>d to him8 or t 9 realis+ x he does n z fai?fully contribute 8 mite to ! fulfilm5t ( ! ,div9e purpose z we8 ,we make too mu* ( our sup]iority4 ,we make1 also1 too little ( ! savage's enjoym5t ( exi/5ce4 ,take ! l[e/ savages kn[n to u1 ! native tribes ( ,c5tral ,au/ralia1 & turn to ! mo/ rec5t & ! be/ acc\nts ( _! mann] ( life2 & x is c]ta9 t _! exi/5ce is enjoy$ by !m4 ,is ours )\t exception enjoy$ by u8 ,if x is easy to be l$ by s5tim5talism into mi/akes ab\t :at our fell[-man ?9ks ( ! "q :e!r life is wor? liv+1 x is /ill easi] to be misl$ ) reg>d to our fell[-creatures l[] 9 ! scale4 ,"h all is conjecture1 & x is on ?is unc]ta9 gr\nd t re/s ! *>ge br\ght aga9/ ,nature ( wa/e & cruelty4 ,!re is ! cruelty ) :i*1 9 ord] to secure ! survival ( ! few & fitte/1 ! environm5t kills (f ! _m :o are unfit--an argum5t ( great =ce1 if ! survivors 7 immortal4 ,!re is ! wa/e ( br++ into life ?\s&s ( creatures unfit1 & !re=e doom$ to a spe$y ext9ction4 ,b dea? is ! common lot2 & z = wa/e & failure1 if ! %ort-liv$ creatures fulfil _! purpose1 !y are n failures2 & if _! purpose is by competition to =ce ! developm5t ( ! pot5tially fit1 !n !y fulfil _! purpose4 ,a man may be ent]$ = a race = no o!r purpose ?an to =ce ! pace4 ,z = happ9ess1 wild animals1 to judge by _! usual fit condition & by ! evid5ce ( sportsm51 d enjoy exi/5ce4 ,b !y1 at any rate1 h no ideals--:atev] ! savage may h4 ,yet x is conceivable t ! bird t builds its ne/ f9ds "s satisfaction 9 do+ s1 & t ! animal t lays d[n h] life to save h] "y ones has "s s5se ( love4 ,:at is reveal$ z ! ideal 9 man may be in*oately manife/$ z in/9ct 9 ! undevelop$ consci\sness ( ! animal4 ,if s1 !n ! animal's life has indep5d5t value & is n m]ely valuable z a means to a di/ant future end4 ,to sum up3 sci5ce decl9es to take ! teleological view ( ,nature1 or to admit f9al causes or ends4 ,to speak1 !re=e1 ( survival 9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce z an end1 may be excell5t s5se1 b x is unsci5tific3 x implies an assumption ( a k9d ab\t :i* sci5ce is agno/ic4 ,if we d1 h[ev]1 make ?is "o deviation f agno/icism1 we h !n no difficulty 9 %[+ t evolution is a failure1 = its end is survival1 & we all die2 & !re is no comp5sation1 or1 if !re is1 po/]ity gets x1 n we--an aggravation ( ! orig9al inju/ice4 ,if survival 9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce is ! only end t we p]sonally recognise 9 ! conduct ( our own lives1 we are q consi/5t 9 judg+ x to be ! only end ( o!r lives1 & 9 condemn+ ! ,univ]se1 = !n !re is nei!r goodness nor any wisdom 9 x4 ,on ! o!r h&1 our fai? 9 t wisdom & goodness is n g5u9e s long z we are prep>$ to /ake only our argum5ts on x1 & n our lives4 ,,xiii4 ,,evolution ,,z ,,purpose ,evolution1 z a sci5tific !ory1 is a description ( ! process by :i* ! totality ( ?+s has come to be :at x is4 ,! me?od employ$ is t ( sci5ce1 & proce$s ^u ! assumption ( ! uni=mity ( ,nature & ! univ]sality ( ! law ( causation4 ,! exi/5ce ( a ?+ is pro( t ! conditions necess>y to produce x prec$$ x4 ,?us f :at is we inf] ) c]ta9ty :at has be53 ! occurr5ce ( ,z is pro( t ,y prec$$1 & s f ,y we c inf] ,x1 & s on1 to ! beg9n+ ( ! alphabet4 ,ev5tually1 t is1 we are c>ri$ back1 9 !ory at lea/1 to an initial arrangem5t ( ?+s :i* n only gave bir? to ! actual ord] ( evolution1 b 0 su* t no o!r ord] ( ev5ts c\ld h foll[$ f x4 ,7 x possible1 9 fact1 to get back to ?is orig9al collocation ( causes & to =mulate x1 ! =mula w\ld expla9 ! univ]se z x is & has be51 ! totality ( ?+s4 ,un=tunately ! =mula1 ?\gh x w\ld expla9 ev]y?+ else1 w\ld n expla9 itself1 & w\ld !re=e1 s f>1 fail to expla9 any?+4 ,or1 to put x 9 o!r words1 ?\gh c]ta9 causes1 collocat$ 9 ! prop] way1 w\ld1 on ?is view ( evolution1 expla9 ev]y?+ :i* ensu$ f t collocation1 we %\ld /ill want to "k :y ! causes 7 collocat$ 9 t p>ticul> way r ?an 9 any o!r4 ,to say t t collocation 0 n ! outcome ( a previ\s collocation is really to say t !re 0 orig9ally no antec$5t necessity :y ?is or any o!r ord] ( evolution %\ld take place at all2 t ,z hangs on ,y1 ,y on ,x 444 & ,a on no?+ at all2 t ! =mula :i* is to r5d] all ?+s intelligible is itself unmean+4 ,or1 if we say t ?+s _h no beg9n+--matt] & =ce be+ inde/ructible--!n !re is no initial collocation1 t is to say1 no =mula1 ev5 9 !ory1 to expla9 all ?+s3 we _c ev5 imag9e ! process ( evolution to be intelligible4 ,! latt] seems to be pref]r$ by sci5ce z ! f9al result ( sci5tific k3 ! object ( sci5ce is to demon/rate1 n :y1 b t ?+s happ5 9 a c]ta9 way2 & x is admitt$1 or r insi/$ ^u1 e4g4 by ,j4 ,s4 ,mill1 t if sci5tific k 7 c>ri$ to its utmo/ conceivable or inconceivable p]fection1 ! "q :y any?+ %\ld happ5 or does happ5 w\ld rema9 z great a my/]y z ev]1 & mu/ rema9 s1 = ! simple reason t x is a "q :i* sci5ce does n ev5 put1 mu* less attempt to answ]4 ,nev]!less1 x is said1 sci5ce does prove :at %e und]takes to %[1 viz4 t ?+s d happ5 9 c]ta9 ways1 :i* ways :5 =mulat$ appe> z laws ( sci5ce4 ,t1 h[ev]1 is n /rictly ! case if sci5ce1 9 ord] to prove h] conclusions1 has to po/ulate t ea* & e /ate ( ?+s is ! outcome ( "s antec$5t necessity4 ,ultimately ! po/ulate proves untrue2 = !re c h be5 no necessity antec$5t to ! initial arrangem5t ( ?+s4 ,& if ! po/ulate be untrue1 ! conclusions bas$ on x _c be accept$ z c]ta94 ,if we _c tell :e!r x be true or n1 nei!r c we tell :e!r sci5ce be true or n4 ,if x is un9telligible1 no wond] t ?+s1 z expla9$ by x1 are my/]i\s4 ,b let u waive ^! !oretical objections4 ,does ,sci5ce1 z a matt] ( fact1 prove t ?+s d happ5 9 ! ways %e describes8 ,9 ju/ice to h]1 let u rememb] t %e does n und]take to d ev5 t4 ,h] laws only /ate ! way 9 :i* ?+s t5d to happ51 n ! way 9 :i* !y actually d happ52 only :at w\ld happ5 if !re 7 no c\nt]act+ causes & if c]ta9 conditions1 :i* d n prevail1 did prevail--n :at does really happ5 9 ! _w z we "k x4 ,h]e9 ! sci5tific reason behaves 9 exactly ! same way z ! moral or religi\s reason4 ,sci5ce no m alleges t all bodies 9 motion d move = ev] 9 ! same /raight l9e1 at ! same rate1 ?an ! moral reason alleges t all m5 always d :at is "r or t !y always d ,god's w4 ,! allegation is t ! t5d5cy exi/s & c be disc]n$ by ^? qualifi$ to =m an op9ion on ! matt]4 ,t !re is friction ret>d+ ! movem5t1 & t !re are ob/acles div]t+ x1 is admitt$2 &1 ?\gh ! admission does n affect ! tru? 79 "o way7 ( ! laws ( sci5ce1 x does all[ t !y convey no exact or fai?ful picture ( :at actually happ5s 9 ! _w z x is4 ,b if ! laws ( sci5ce d n expla9 :at happ5s--ev5 9 ! limit$ s5se ( sci5tific explanation--!y are ! indisp5sable prelim9>y to t explanation4 ,if !y d n repres5t ! _w z x is1 !y supply ! means by :i* we may h]eaft] produce ! picture4 ,!y are ideals n 9 ! s5se t sci5ce hopes to %[ ev5tually t fea!rs only appe> to float leisurely to ! gr\nd1 & are really all ! "t fall+ sixte5 feet 9 a second1 b 9 ! s5se t />t+ f ! gravitation =mula we c\ld %[ t e fea!r's fall is z rationally compreh5sible z ! gravitation =mula itself4 ,!y are n ! ultimate tru?1 ! f9al reality1 or ,sci5ce's supreme ideal4 ,!y are %ad[s ca/ by ! sci5tific ideal be=e its com+2 !y are ! pr9ciples by :i* sci5ce mu/ proce$1 if %e is to make ! _w ( ?+s intelligible4 ,s1 too1 ! reality ( ! moral ideal does n imply t1 9 refus+ to make sacrifices = o!rs1 ,i only appe> to be selfi%1 & %all be f\nd 9 ! end really to h be5 actuat$ all ! "t by "s high moral pr9ciple4 ,:at is impli$ is t only by ! acceptance ( ! moral ideal c ! _w ( m5 be moralis$4 ,f ! same po9t ( view x seems hopeless to try to make out t a!ism1 ?\gh n 9 appe>ance1 w be f\nd 9 reality to h be5 a manife/ation ( religion4 ,x is by accept+1 n by d5y+ ! religi\s ideal or d\bt+ its exi/5ce1 t ! ideal ( religion is a*iev$4 ,n[1 9 ! !ory ( evolution we h ! attempt made to effect ?is transition f ! ab/ractions ( sci5ce to ! concrete facts1 to %[ t ! _w z pres5t$ to s5se is z intelligible & rationally compreh5sible z ! laws ( sci5ce !mselves1 & t ! hypo!tical /atem5ts ( sci5ce 7 b prelim9>y1 ?\gh necess>y prelim9>ies1 to a categorical /atem5t ( actual facts4 ,9 evolution1 z inde$ 9 all ! hi/orical sci5ces1 we ab&on ! ela/icity & ! unc]ta9ty ( conditional conceptions = ! rigidity & c]ta9ty ( accompli%$ fact4 ,we no long] deal ) :at may happ5 if giv5 conditions are realis$1 b ) :at has be51 & !re=e is subject to no ifs4 ,we />t f ! c]ta9ty ( :at is1 & ?us we argue back positively to :at mu/ h be54 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 "o precaution :i* mu/ be obs]v$1 & )\t :i* ! :ole ( ! sy/em j describ$ is z unc]ta9 & conditional z ! re/ ( sci5ce4 ,be=e we c argue f :at is to :at has be51 we mu/ fir/ "k = c]ta9 :at is4 ,be=e we c conclude t a pati5t has be5 heal$ by fai? or cur$ miracul\sly ( an incurable compla9t1 we mu/ fir/ h m$ical evid5ce to %[ t he _h ! disease4 ,or1 to take a bett] & clos] illu/ration f m$ic9e1 x is premature to assign a cause = a pati5t's condition be=e 8 condition has be5 diagnos$2 & physicians :o diff] 9 _! diagnosis w naturally diff] z to ! causes 9 ! pati5t's pa/ hi/ory :i* are responsible = 8 /ate4 ,if1 !n1 ! evolutioni/ is to atta9 accuracy 9 8 description ( ! process by :i* ! totality ( ?+s has come to be :at x is1 he mu/ fir/ "k :at x is4 ,be=e we c trace ! evolution ( morality1 = in/ance1 we mu/ make up our m9ds z to :at x is4 ,if we reg>d x z an illusion1 we %all hold t x is subject to ! same laws z o!r illusions1 & we %all h no difficulty 9 %[+ t its evolution 0 a necess>y consequ5ce ( ^? laws4 ,or1 aga91 if we hold t religion is m]e fool]y or hy/]ia1 we %all naturally inf] a v diff]5t process = its evolution ?an if we feel x to be a p]man5t manife/ation ( ! common consci\sness 9 ! same s5se t morality is4 ,a di/+ui%$ ,g]man my?ologi/1 />t+ f ! =m] diagnosis1 has no difficulty 9 evolv+ primitive religion out ( primitive drunk5ness4 ,9 f9e1 if we reg>d :at is z giv+ ! data by :i* we are to det]m9e :at has be51 x is cle> t to und]/& :at has be5 we mu/ prop]ly appreciate :at is4 ,?is is 9 accordance ) ! conclusion :i* we h rea*$ previ\sly t x is only by /udy+ its effects t we c prop]ly und]/& a cause4 ,to judge a ?+ prop]ly we mu/ "k ! effects x is capable ( produc+3 to "k :at a ?+ is we mu/ obs]ve :at x becomes or :at x is capable ( becom+ at its be/4 ,we _c judge ! value ( ! moral "* or ! moral ideal fairly if we take a l[ specim5 to g by2 nor if we knew no?+ m ( morality ?an :at we c\ld obs]ve ( its rudim5ts 9 ! high] animals1 %\ld we "k mu* ab\t x4 ,x is by its highe/ manife/ations t we mo/ correctly judge ei!r morality or art1 & x is only ?r\gh !m t we c be prop]ly said ev5 to und]/& :at ei!r art or morality is4 ,s1 too1 tak+ ! religi\s ideal z love ( ,god & man1 we mu/ judge religion n by its imp]fect manife/ations 9 imp]fect be+s1 b by its p]fect revelation & realisation 9 ,*ri/4 ,! case is n o!rwise ) sci5ce or evolution itself4 ,f primitive times man has always us$ 8 k 7h[ev] imp]fect7 ( :at is z ! basis ( speculations z to :at has be54 ,x w\ld1 h[ev]1 be absurd to take ! pu]ile & b>b>\s cosmogonies ( ! savage z adequate expressions ( ! sci5tific ideal1 or to imag9e t x is f !m t we c judge :at sci5ce is4 ,x is no less unreasonable to judge ! !ory ( evolution by its pres5t1 pass+ phase4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 !re are facts 9 its hi/ory :i* %[ t x naturally />t$ ) a p>tial & "o-sid$ view ( ! facts4 ,9 ! next place1 we mu/ judge x n by :at x may be at its wor/1 b by :at x is capable ( becom+ at its be/2 & x is by ! latt] t we mu/ decide :at evolution truly is1 n by ! =m]4 ,at its wor/ ! !ory ( evolution may require u to believe t ! :ole process ( evolution is ess5tially irrational--be+ ! outcome ( un9tellig5t =ces op]at+ on reasonless matt]--& t ! !ory ( evolution1 accord+ly1 if fai?ful to ! facts1 is z irrational z !y2 or1 if rational1 is a mislead+ acc\nt ( ! real univ]se 9 :i* we live & move & h our be+4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! !ory at its be/ may require u to believe t x reveals a univ]se run on rational pr9ciples1 a real _w p]fectly intelligible to p]fect reason1 & p>tially intelligible ev5 to be+s :o %>e b p>tially 9 ! ,div9e reason t animates ! :ole4 ,bo? !ories1 h[ev]1 base !mselves ^u :at is1 & pr(ess t _! conclusions foll[ logically f x4 ,if1 !n1 !y diff] 9 _! conclusions x is because !y diff] 9 _! diagnosis ( :at is4 ,bo? admit ! exi/5ce ( fai?2 b "o reg>ds fai? z a fact 9 ! pa?ology ( human reason1 ! o!r reg>ds x z ! normal mode ( our common reason's op]ation4 ,! latt]1 !re=e1 requires to po/ulate causes :i* w acc\nt = ! correctness ( ! common fai? ( mank9d2 ! latt]1 causes :i* h result$ 9 ! common illusion ( mank9d4 ,x seems1 !n1 t ev5 9 evolution we d n escape aft] all f ! indet]m9ate & conditional k1 :i* sci5ce (f]s1 to ! absolute c]ta9ty ( accompli%$ fact4 ,e !ory ( ! pa/ hi/ory ( ! _w is j z conditional1 j z mu* dep5d5t on an if1 z ! hypo!tical laws ( sci5ce1 = any su* !ory is dep5d5t on ! view x takes ( :at is1 & is correct only if t view is correct4 ,! !ories ( evolution :i* we h call$ ! ,optimi/ic & ! ,pessimi/ic int]pretations ( evolution are av[$ly bas$ on ! assumption t a l>ge "p ( ! common fai? ( mank9d is a m5tal or moral disease4 ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c] ! fai? t we c "k :at is real is an illusion3 ! ,real is ! ,unkn[able4 ,accord+ to ,pr(essor ,huxley ! common fai? 9 ! fre$om ( ! w is an illusion3 necessity is ! law ( ! uni=mity bo? ( ,nature & ( human nature4 ,9 ?us decl9+ to accept ! te/imony ( ! moral & religi\s consci\sness z evid5ce ( :at is1 bo? philosoph]s 7 influ5c$ by ! belief t x is sci5ce alone :i* is capable ( asc]ta9+ & demon/rat+ :at is & :at actually does happ54 ,?is belief1 h[ev]1 we h v5tur$ to sugge/1 ov]looks two facts4 ,"o is t ! ab/ract sci5ces d n ev5 pr(ess to /ate :at actually does happ53 !y simply affirm t1 if ! conditions /at$ 9 _! v>i\s laws are ! only conditions op]ative1 ! only result w be t /at$ by ! p>ticul> law 9 "q4 ,?us sci5ce does n conc]n itself ) :at is or does happ51 b solely ) :at w\ld be or w\ld happ5 "u c]ta9 7usually impossible7 conditions4 ,! o!r po9t ov]look$ is t ! hi/orical or comp>ative sci5ces are also only hypo!tically true4 ,all t _! laws und]take to demon/rate is t1 if c]ta9 consequ5ces con/itute ! :ole ( an obs]v$ effect1 !n ! only conditions antec$5tly op]ative 7 ^? /at$ 9 ! law4 ,"h too1 !n1 sci5ce does n ev5 claim to prove :at is or demon/rate :at does happ51 b assumes t we "k x or f9d x out1 9 "s way ) :i* sci5ce does n conc]n itself4 ,if we d "k & c "k :at is1 sci5ce c tell u :at 7 ! conditions t produc$ x4 ,! "q1 !n1 t we h to put to any !ory ( evolution--t is1 to any !ory :i* pr(esses to /ate ! process by :i* ! totality ( ?+s has come to be :at x is--is1 ,does x acc\nt = t totality8 d ! causes :i* x assumes to h be5 at "w acc\nt = all t is8 ,n[1 a priori x 0 n to be expect$ t evolution w\ld 9 its infancy1 & x is /ill "y1 succe$ 9 acc\nt+ = all ?+s2 & !re 7 special reasons 9 ! circum/ances "u :i* x fir/ took its mod]n sci5tific %ape :i* necess>ily limit$ its e>lie/ attempts to grasp ! totality ( ?+s4 ,x w\ld1 h[ev]1 be absurd to judge ! pr9ciple by ! fir/ attempt to apply x1 & to condemn x because x has n done 9 a mom5t :at ) "t x assur$ly w succe$ 9 effect+4 ,at ! same "t1 x c only effect t wid] success by refus+ to /]eotype its fir/ errors & by decl9+ to b9d itself to ! dogma t :at x has succe$$ 9 expla9+ is all t !re is to expla91 or t t alone is or happ5s :i* its pres5t assumptions or laws are capable ( acc\nt+ =4 ,!re lies ! dang] :i* ?reat5s to *eck ! fur!r developm5t ( ! !ory ( evolution--9 ! dogmatism :i* pret5ds to set aside common s5se & ! common reason1 & arrogates to itself ! sole "r ( say+ :at is2 & succe$s 9 do+ s by ! simple b circul> argum5t t t alone is or happ5s :i* c be acc\nt$ = by ! laws t regulate ! movem5ts ( ?+s 9 space or t foll[ f ! /ruggle = animal exi/5ce4 ,hi/orically1 ! !ory ( evolution 9 its fir/ manife/ation 0 an ext5sion to ! hi/orical sci5ces g5]ally ( a purely biological conception1 t ( ! orig9 ( species z a consequ5ce ( ! /ruggle = exi/5ce4 ,x 0 f\nd t mu* else 9 ! manifold ( :at is1 _m o!r diff]5ces betwe5 relat$ ?+s1 besides ! diff]5ces :i* m>k (f "o species ( animals f ano!r1 might be acc\nt$ =1 hi/orically1 by ! !ory t ^? diff]5ces 7 b ! sum & ! accumulation ( an inf9ite numb] ( small modifications :i* _h giv5 ! ?+ an advantage ov] its rivals 9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce4 ,/rictly speak+1 all t ?is rem>kable & wide-rea*+ discov]y impli$ z a matt] ( logic 0 t betwe5 animals & ?+s n animal !re exi/$ an analogy or resemblance1 9 virtue ( :i* x 0 logical to argue f ?+s animal to ?+s n animal j s f> z ! resemblance betwe5 !m w5t1 b n fur!r4 ,v naturally1 h[ev]1 x happ5$ t ) ?is orig9ally biological conception all its biological implications 7 tak5 ov]1 & x 0 7& is7 argu$ n m]ely t !re are great & fruitful resemblances betwe51 say1 society & an animal organism1 b t societies are animal organisms4 ,9 f9e1 sociology 0 treat$ z a dep>tm5t ( biology4 ,! fallacy t sci5ce demon/rates :at is1 & t :at sci5ce does n acc\nt = has no real exi/5ce1 ?us made its appe>ance simultane\sly ) ! bir? ( ! evolution !ory4 ,! resemblances betwe5 ! evolution ( ! social organism & ( animal organisms c\ld be acc\nt$ = by ! biological !ory ( ! /ruggle = exi/5ce2 ! diff]5ces1 !re=e1 mu/ be d5i$ or labori\sly expla9$ away4 ,) ! gr[? ( sociology1 h[ev]1 x is becom+ app>5t t ! evolution ( society has laws1 "s ( :i* d inde$ co9cide ) ^? ( animal evolution1 b o!rs ( :i* are peculi> to sociology 9 ! same s5se z ! laws ( *emi/ry are di/9ct f ^? ( physics4 ,sociology is accord+ly revolt+ f its bondage to biology3 ! pla9 fact t society is n an animal is beg9n+ to make itself felt4 ,! resemblances betwe5 ! organisation ( society & t ( an animal are freely admitt$1 b ! diff]5ces are beg9n+ to claim consid]ation also2 & ! s\nd doctr9e is beg9n+ to ass]t itself t by exp]i5ce alone1 exp]i5ce ( :at is1 & n by any a priori dogmatism z to :at 9 ! "n ( sci5ce mu/ be1 c we tell h[ f> ! resemblances ext5d z a matt] ( fact & :]e ! diff]5ces beg94 ,t ! evolution !ory mu/ be ! ga9] by ?us admitt+ ! facts in/ead ( d5y+ _! exi/5ce is cle>2 if sociology is n a bran* ( biology1 & yet ! two sci5ces h c]ta9 laws 9 common1 a great /ep is at once tak5 t[>ds demon/rat+ ! exi/5ce ( c]ta9 g5]al pr9ciples ( evolution :i* are high] ?an ! laws ( ei!r1 or p]haps ?an ( any1 p>ticul> sci5ce4 ,! t5d5cy ( ! sci5tific !ories prevail+ = ! mom5t to d5y ! exi/5ce ( :at !y _c1 = ! mom5t1 acc\nt =1 is exemplifi$ 9 ano!r way by ! !ory ( ! survival ( ! fitte/4 ,x 0 %[n by ,d>w9 t1 grant$ ! t5d5cy to v>iation 9 animals1 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce 0 en\gh 9 its results--z he _h ! g5ius to disc]n !m--to acc\nt = ! orig9 ( species4 ,! /ruggle = exi/5ce is a fact1 & ?us animal evolution 0 bas$ on :at is1 on positive fact4 ,to apply ! same process ( argum5t to human & social evolution 0 p]fectly sci5tific & legitimate4 ,:at is nei!r sci5tific nor legitimate is to ma9ta91 explicitly or implicitly1 t ! totality ( human activity is engag$ & exhau/$ 9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce4 ,self-pres]vation is und\bt$ly a p[]ful in/9ct1 b x is n ! only in/9ct ev5 ( animals1 & is n always ! mo/ p[]ful 9 man--or 9 ! brute4 ,t !re are resemblances betwe5 man & 8 fell[-creatures1 ! brutes1 & t s f> z ^? resemblances ext5d1 man & ! animals h be51 & are1 subject to ! same laws ( evolutions1 are facts :i* may be he>tily admitt$1 b :i* nei!r au?orise u to d5y ! exi/5ce ( specifically human peculi>ities1 nor w>rant u 9 try+ to d$uce ! diff]5ces f a law :i* applies only to ! resemblances4 ,if ! evolution !ory is to /ate ! process by :i* ! totality ( ?+s has come to be :at x is1 x mu/ beg9 by fac+ ! :ole ( ! facts--9 ?is case by admitt+ t n only h ! fitte/ to survive surviv$1 z is natural 9 a /ruggle = exi/5ce1 b t progress1 /hetic1 e?ical1 & religi\s1 has be5 made4 ,! d5ial ( ?is fact may ei!r be op5 & av[$1 z1 = in/ance1 :5 ! reality ( ! religi\s ideal is =mally d5\nc$2 or x may be tacit & impli$1 z1 = in/ance1 :5 moral progress is def9$ z adaptation to environm5t1 i4e4 z n progress at all1 or :5 ! fre$om ( ! w is d5i$1 i4e4 :5 approximation to ! e?ical ideal is ma9ta9$ to be a ?+ n "u our control4 ,tacit or av[$1 ?is d5ial proce$s ^u ! fallacy t ! laws ( sci5ce1 z und]/ood & =mulat$ at any p>ticul> mom5t1 are ! sole te/ & con/itute our only k ( :at is4 ,b ! int]e/s bo? ( ! common s5se ( mank9d & t specially organis$ =m ( common s5se :i* we "k z sci5ce require a prote/ aga9/ t fallacy3 x is oppos$ to ! pr9ciple on :i* sci5tific k re/s1 & x w\ld be fatal1 if act$ ^u1 to all fur!r developm5t ( t k4 ,! pr9ciple ^u :i* sci5ce re/s is t its laws are capable ( v]ification1 & t !y are v]ifi$ :5 & if !y are confirm$ by exp]i5ce4 ,! f9al appeal ( sci5ce is to ! evid5ce ( consci\sness1 ! only evid5ce ( :at is t we possess3 ! only evid5ce ( ! tru? & accuracy ) :i* an eclipse has be5 calculat$ is ! evid5ce ( our s5ses t ! eclipse does take place & is visible 9 ! place & at ! "t pr$ict$4 ,if a hypo!sis pr$icts results :i* z a matt] ( obs]vation d n take place1 ! hypo!sis is judg$ s f> inaccurate or inadequate3 :at is ov]-rides our preconceiv$ op9ions1 ev5 if !y be ! hypo!ses ( sci5ce1 z to :at ought to be or w be4 ,x is ! ev]-op5 appeal to ! f9al c\rt ( fact1 ( :at is1 t condemns false assumptions1 gu>antees ! tru? ( sci5ce1 & safegu>ds ! fre$om ( sci5tific inquiry4 ,to all[ any gr\p ( m51 h[ev] em95t1 or any body ( sci5ce1 h[ev] s\nd1 to deprive u ( ?is "r ( appeal & bid u disbelieve 9 ! evid5ce ( our own s5ses1 if x contradicts _! !ories1 w\ld be to submit to ! tyranny ( dogmatism1 & to be fai?less to ! cause ( tru?4 ,=tunately1 ?\gh ! unconsci\s & !re=e ill-consid]$ metaphysics ( "s m5 ( sci5ce h t5d$ 9 ! direction ( sci5tific dogmatism1 ! practice ( sci5ce has be5 9 ! opposite direction4 ,9 practice sci5ce has ow$ mu* ( h] progress to ! /udy ( residual ph5om5a4 ,ph5om5a :i* ! laws ( sci5ce = ! mom5t c\ld n acc\nt = h n be5 d5\nc$ z illusions1 or rul$ out ( c\rt z non-exi/5t or b5ea? ! notice ( sci5ce3 !y h be5 accept$ z facts1 z "p ( ! totality ( ?+s :i* x is ! ambition ( sci5ce to acc\nt =2 &1 accept$ z su*1 !y h l$1 x may be1 to ! discov]y ( a new planet or a new elem5t1 b always to ! discov]y ( fre% tru?s1 :i* nev] w\ld h enri*$ ! page ( sci5ce _h sci5ce refus$ to take cognisance ( facts ! laws ( :i* x _h n at ! "t discov]$4 ,9 dem&+1 !n1 t any !ory :i* pr(esses to acc\nt = ! totality ( ?+s %\ld recognise ! fact ( e?ical & /hetic progress1 & t all progress is will$ & purpos$1 we are seek+ n to cramp sci5ce b to enl>ge its b\nds1 n to introduce a new sci5tific me?od1 b to ext5d ! application ( exi/+ me?ods1 & to c>ry out ! pr9ciple on :i* ! tru? ( sci5ce & ! fre$om ( sci5tific inquiry are bas$4 ,! laws :i* enable ! physici/ to expla9 ! me*anical action & reaction ( ?+s d n suffice to expla9 ! reactions /udi$ by ! *emi/4 ,! laws ( *emi/ry are inadequate = ! purposes ( ! biologi/4 ,x is b an ext5sion ( ! same pr9ciple :5 ! /ud5t ( ! an?ropological sci5ces f9ds x necess>y to assume1 or r discov]s1 t ! laws ( animal exi/5ce d n :olly acc\nt = ev]y?+ t man does2 & x is to ^! sci5ces t we mu/ look = ! next important & fruitful modification ( ! g5]al !ory ( evolution4 ,x is to !m1 deal+ z !y d ) ! highe/ product ( evolution1 t we mu/ look = ! true/ int]pretation ( evolution4 ,on ! pr9ciple t to und]/& :at a ?+ is we mu/ n r$uce x to its l[e/ t]ms1 b look at x 9 its highe/ manife/ation1 we mu/ judge ! evolution process by its highe/ phase1 by all t x is capable (1 & n by ! lea/ we c1 by sci5tific ab/raction1 leave 9 x4 ,& ! sci5ces :i*1 m]ely to ma9ta9 _! sci5tific exi/5ce1 h a vital int]e/ 9 insi/+ on ! reality ( w & purpose z causes :i* h influ5c$ ! direction ( ! evolution process are ! sci5ces :i* deal ) man4 ,^? :o f9d x easy to believe t a society is an animal1 l ^? :o proclaim t ! real is unkn[able1 b t our k ( x is j z good z if x 7 n unkn[able1 w h little difficulty 9 believ+ t m5's actions are n influ5c$ by _! purposes2 & bo? w probably subscribe to ! doctr9e t1 fir/1 approximation to ! ideal is an un9t5d$ result ( ! brute /ruggle = m]e animal exi/5ce2 &1 next1 ! purpose :i* appe>s to m>k ! evolution process & to be ! cause ( progress is semblance only1 a m]e illusion4 ,aga9/ ! fir/ article ( ?is doctr9e ! f9al & decisive appeal is & always mu/ be to exp]i5ce4 ,x makes a g5]al /atem5t ) reg>d to p>ticul> facts ( exp]i5ce3 l e o!r /atem5t made 9 ! =m ( a sci5tific law1 x affirms t a c]ta9 proposition w be f\nd1 :5 te/$ by exp]i5ce1 to be true ( e "o ( a c]ta9 class ( facts 9 our exp]i5ce4 ,x is !re=e compet5t = e man1 :o *ooses to consult 8 exp]i5ce1 to decide = himself :e!r ! /atem5t is true4 ,9 ! pres5t case1 x is = e man1 :o has /ruggl$ ) temptation & has a*iev$ any progress1 to say :e!r he ga9$ ! victory )\t an ef=t ( w1 )\t any desire = bett] ?+s1 )\t any purpose or resolution to try once m1 )\t any int5tion n to yield ! next "t4 ,are secret commissions 9 trade refus$1 :5 refus$1 un9t5tionally8 or is _! refusal due solely to ! bl9d in/9ct ( self-pres]vation 9 ! /ruggle = comm]cial exi/5ce8 ,if re=m is effect$1 w x be effect$ by ^? :o decl>e t ! sev]ity ( ! /ruggle = exi/5ce makes re=m impossible8 or by ^? 9 :om ! ideal ( hone/y has "s op]ative =ce & :o purpose approximation to t ideal8 ,:5 ! conviction is express$ t public op9ion alone w be able to *eck ?is =m ( di%one/y1 :at is t b an appeal to ! common s5se & common fai? t !re are o!r ?+s :i* man c w & purpose besides success 9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce8 ,! doctr9e t ! univ]se pres5ts ! m]e semblance ( purpose1 t ,nature mimics purpose1 hav+ none1 is %>$ by mat]iali/ic sy/ems 9 common ) all ^? :i* consid] t ! only explanation t c be r5d]$ ( any giv5 /ate ( ?+s is ! assumption t x is ! issue ( "s antec$5t necessity :i* produc$ x4 ,z we h already argu$1 ! assumption ( necessity z ! ultimate explanation ( ?+s breaks d[n :5 we come to consid] ! beg9n+ ( ! univ]se4 ,if we assume an absolute beg9n+1 !n !re c h be5 no necessity antec$5t to t1 & ! beg9n+ ( ?+s is left )\t explanation4 ,on ! o!r h&1 to say t !re nev] 0 any beg9n+ is to admit t !re nev] 0 any orig9al necessity :y ?+s %\ld foll[ ! c\rse ( evolution :i* !y h pursu$--! initial collocation ( causes 0 due to *ance1 0 a purely =tuit\s concurr5ce ( atoms4 ,:5 x is rem>k$ t ?is is a /range assumption1 t really1 if ! :ole evolution process _h be5 design$ to rea* ! /age 9 :i* we "k x & to atta9 ! ideal :i* we surmise x to be capable (1 ! primeval atoms c\ld n h be5 arrang$ bett] = ! purpose1 ! reply is t ! appe>ance ( purpose is a delusion3 true1 z a matt] ( *ance1 ! *ances are millions to "o aga9/ a =tuit\s concurr5ce ( atoms produc+ ! evolution process t has tak5 place1 b !n ! *ances 7 j z great1 nei!r m nor less1 aga9/ any o!r ( ! millions ( evolution processes t might h be5 evolv$4 ,we "k ! "o t has tak5 place1 & x is m>vell\s 9 our eyes t precisely ?is & no o!r %\ld h occurr$2 b ! wond] vani%es :5 we reflect t1 _h any o!r occurr$1 we %\ld h be5 equally conv9c$1 & equally errone\sly conv9c$1 t x c\ld n h be5 produc$ by *ance4 ,! initial arrangem5t ( ?+s 01 z x happ5$1 su* z to produce our evolution process3 ?+s might h *anc$ diff]5tly at ! beg9n+2 if !y _h1 a diff]5t evolution process w\ld h tak5 place1 t is all4 ,b x w\ld /ill h look$ l purpose1 & w\ld /ill h be5 due to *ance4 ,b w\ld x8 ,! :ole "q is :e!r ! initial collocation 0 due to *ance or to purpose4 ,to say t !re might h be5 _m o!r collocations proves no?+3 an ,almighty ,p[] c\ld collocate ?+s 9 any ( an inf9ite numb] ( ways4 ,to argue t e possible collocation1 & !re=e ! "o t produc$ our evolution process1 mu/ be due to *ance1 is simply to beg ! "q3 ! v ?+ we want to "k is :e!r ?is or any o!r process c\ld be due to *ance4 ,! argum5t t any & e o!r process w\ld equally te/ify to purpose & equally imply design1 seems r to indicate t no conceivable evolution process c\ld conceivably be due to *ance4 ,next1 ! necessit>ian argum5t lays x d[n t ! m>vel ( evolution vani%es :5 we reflect t if ?+s _h be5 diff]5t at ! beg9n+1 ! results w\ld h be5 diff]5t4 ,b !y 7 n4 ,& ! fact t !y 7 n is j ! m>vel :i* ! necessit>ian does n ev5 expla9 away3 9 ord] to dim9i% ! probability ( purpose1 he po/ulates c\ntless possible alt]natives to ! orig9al arrangem5t ( atoms1 & !n he is emb>rass$ ) ! difficulty ( gett+ rid ( !m4 ,:y 0 ?is p>ticul> collocation det]m9$ on r ?an "o ( ! c\ntless alt]natives8 ,to say x 0 *ance may be true2 b we want to "k :at reason !re is = believ+ x to be true4 ,if !re is none1 !n nei!r is !re any reason = believ+ ! purpose t makes ! evolution process to be an illusion4 ,b let u grant x 0 *ance3 *ance1 z ev]yone kn[s1 is m]ely a "n = our ignorance z to ! real cause2 s t to say x 0 due to *ance is to say t1 = any?+ we "k to ! contr>y1 ! orig9al concurr5ce ( atoms may h be5 due to purpose4 ,9 a ^w1 !re is1 on ! !ory ( *ance1 no reason to believe t purpose ei!r is or is n an illusion4 ,x may1 h[ev]1 be said t n only d we n "k1 b t we _c "k1 :e!r x is an illusion or n4 ,9 reply we may ei!r admit t all our k--sci5tific1 moral1 & religi\s--is bas$ n on k1 b on fai?2 or we may ask on :at gr\nds ?is alleg$ impossibility is bas$4 ,if we put t "q1 we %all f9d t ! gr\nds are n altoge!r cog5t4 ,x is alleg$ to be equally impossible = ! human m9d to conceive ei!r ! exi/5ce or ! non-exi/5ce ( a necessity antec$5t to ! absolute beg9n+ ( ?+s3 !re=e1 9 face ( ?is inh]5t incapacity ( ! human m9d1 ! tru? ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ?+s is unkn[able & inconceivable4 ,b1 we v5ture to sugge/1 ?is alleg$ incapacity ( ! human m9d re/s on a false anti!sis3 x re/s on ! assumption t :atev] phase ( ! evolution process we reg>d z ! initial arrangem5t mu/ ei!r h be5 det]m9$ by "s prior phase 79 :i* case x 0 n initial7 or n det]m9$ at all4 ,b z a m]e matt] ( logic1 !re rema9s ! possibility t x may h be5 self-det]m9$2 &1 z reg>ds ! evid5ce ( exp]i5ce1 we are famili> ) a cause :i* op]ates e day & :i* is self-det]m9$1 viz4 ! free w4 ,!re is1 !re=e1 no su* inh]5t incapacity 9 ! human m9d z is alleg$2 & ! only inconceivability is t :i* is inh]5t 9 ! !ory ( antec$5t necessity1 & n 9 ! facts !mselves4 ,x is simply incorrect to say t if ?+s _c be expla9$ by ! !ory ( antec$5t necessity1 !y are n capable ( be+ expla9$ at all4 ,if ! evolution process _h be5 design$ to foll[ ! c\rse x has foll[$1 ! initial arrangem5t ( ?+s c\ld n h be5 bett] adapt$ to produce ! result2 &1 z adaptation ( means to end is ! m>k ( intellig5ce1 x is nei!r inconceivable nor irrational to suppose t purpose 0 imman5t 9 ?+s f ! beg9n+4 ,b z x is sci5tific to argue f ! kn[n to ! unkn[n1 or f ! bett] kn[n to ! less kn[n2 & z to "k fully :at a ?+ is we mu/ "k :at x is capable ( becom+ or produc+1 let u pass f ! pre-animal to ! animal /age ( evolution4 ,x is ! m necess>y to d ?is because x 0 ,d>w9's !ory ( ! orig9 ( species :i* impress$ ^u ! mod]n m9d ! idea t ,nature mimics purpose1 hav+ none4 ,man1 ) ! purpose ( bre$+ a c]ta9 type ( animal1 selects ^? animals to bre$ f :i* possess1 9 ! mo/ m>k$ degree1 ! *>act]i/ics :i* he wi%es to develop 9 ! (fspr+4 ,b1 z ,d>w9 demon/rat$1 ,nature1 or ! environm5t1 by kill+ (f ^? creatures :i* did n possess 7or lea/ possess$7 ! qualities necess>y to ensure survival1 selects animals ( a c]ta9 type to bre$ f4 ,?us natural selection produces its results 9 ! same way z human selection does2 & pres5ts e appe>ance ( purpose1 ?\gh ! environm5t :i* produc$ ! results c\ld h _h no int5tions or purpose at all4 ,b j z man does n create ! animals :i* he fir/ selects to bre$ f1 s ! environm5t does n create ^? sports or v>ieties :i* x selects to bre$ f3 if !y did n exi/1 nei!r man nor ,nature c\ld bre$ f !m--no results1 purpos$ or unpurpos$1 c\ld be got f !m4 ,if n[ we inquire ab\t ^! sports1 we are told sci5ce is cont5t ) ! fact t !y und5iably occur3 :]ev] !re are animals !re are v>ieties 9 _! (fspr+4 ,t ^? :i* are adapt$ to survive w survive1 & ^? :i* are n w n1 is a self-evid5t1 inde$ an id5tical1 proposition4 ,x is2 & x gives away ! :ole case aga9/ purpose1 = x admits t "s v>ieties are orig9ally adapt$ to survive1 t )\t !m nei!r man nor ! environm5t w\ld h any?+ to beg9 on or "w on1 & t ?\gh man & ,nature may develop1 !y d n create ! orig9al adaptation4 ,!y d b promote1 by consci\s or unconsci\s action1 ! purpose imman5t 9 ! sport4 ,( all ! num]\s1 successive1 imp]ceptible increm5ts by :i* :at 0 orig9ally a sport is rais$ to a di/9ct species1 n "o is creat$ by man or by ! environm5t3 all are ! gratuit\s (f]+s ( ! organism1 manife/ations ( ! organism's spontaneity1 revelations ( its lat5t capacities1 fulfilm5ts ( ! purpose imman5t 9 x f ! beg9n+4 ,if x be said t ! survival ( any or e giv5 species 0 a matt] ( *ance1 because o!r sports w\ld h develop$ into o!r species1 if ! environm5t _h be5 diff]5t1 ! reply aga9 is1 ,b x 0 n2 &1 on ! !ory ( necessity1 c\ld n be4 ,! fact t bo? conditions--! organism's spontaneity & ! environm5t's selective ag5cy--7 requisite to ! production ( ! new species1 & t bo? conditions 7 =?com+1 tells r 9 fav\r ( purpose ?an aga9/ x4 ,! fact t ?is p>ticul> comb9ation ( conditions 0 effect$1 r ?an any o!r1 is on exactly ! same foot+ z ! initial concurr5ce ( atoms3 if ! latt] _c be ascrib$ to any necessity antec$5t to x1 nei!r c ! =m]2 ! reason ( ! comb9ation is to be s\ght 9 ! self-det]m9+ cause imman5t 9 ! conditions4 ,! fact1 if x be a fact1 t c\ntless o!r comb9ations 7 possible1 & ?is alone 0 *os51 %[s t ! w imman5t 9 ! evolution process is free w4 ,9 f9e1 ,d>w9 has %[n t ! action ( ! environm5t is exactly :at x w\ld h be5 _h x be5 design$ = ! purpose ( select+ c]ta9 sports = developm5t4 ,all t is fur!r necess>y 9 ord] to %[ t ?is app>5t purpose is an illusion1 is to prove t ! environm5t 0 n design$ to act z x does4 ,p5d+ ! production ( t pro(1 ! argum5t rema9s incomplete4 ,! l>g] "p ( ! process ( evolution is kn[n to u only f ! outside3 we obs]ve its effects 9 ! animal _w & 9 inorganic nature1 b its inn] work+s we h to rea* by inf]5ce4 ,"o "p ( ! evolution process1 h[ev]1 we "k f ! inside--t "p :i* is c>ri$ on ?r\gh u4 ,we are "s ( ! innum]able *annels ?r\gh :i* ! motive =ce ( ! process is transmitt$2 & ! k :i* its transmission ?r\gh u gives u is m intimate & direct ?an t :i* we get f obs]v+ ! ext]nal effects x produces else:]e4 ,! evolution ( society1 = in/ance1 is a "p ( ! g5]al process ( evolution1 & is a process :i* is c>ri$ on ?r\gh u & expresses ! resultant ( ! totality ( our s5tim5ts & actions t[>ds "o ano!r4 ,:at light1 !n1 if any1 is ?r[n by sociology on ! g5]al "q ( purpose8 ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c] has famili>is$ u ) ! lesson t 9 politics & social exp]im5ts x is ! un=ese5 & un9t5d$ results ( legislation :i* are f> ! mo/ important1 & t ! indu/rial organisation ( ! c\ntry1 or we may n[ say ( ! _w1 is n ! fulfilm5t ( any design preconceiv$ by any gov]nm5tal ag5cy1 b ! un9t5d$ result ( innum]able actions on ! "p ( m5 :o nev] dream$ t _! action w\ld h any su* outcome4 ,! reason ( ?is is to be s\ght 9 ! fact t society is an organism & t its gr[? foll[s ! same laws z ^? :i* regulate ! /ructural developm5t ( an amba or a rhizopod4 ,?us1 bo? society & ! animal organism mu/ be f$4 ,to be f$1 bo? mu/ appropriate nutrim5t f ! environm5t4 ,t nutrim5t mu/ be tak5 up & mu/ be di/ribut$ to all p>ts ( ! organism1 social or animal1 if all p>ts are to be f$--& all mu/ be f$1 because all are mutually dep5d5t1 & to neglect "o w\ld disorganise ! :ole4 ,*annels ( communication mu/ be e/abli%$ betwe5 all p>ts1 9 ord] t food may be convey$ f ! organ :i* took x f ! environm5t to ! organs :i* require x = support4 ,:at m>ks ! process ( evolution 9 bo? cases is ! increas+ division ( lab\r & ! increas+ int]dep5d5ce ( ! p>ts on "o ano!r4 ,! animal organism1 l ! social organism1 is made up ( a multitude ( liv+ units1 ea* "o ( :i* is cont9ually adju/+ itself to ! requirem5ts ( all ! re/4 ,! increas+ complexity 9 ! /ructure ( an animal organism is possible only because ! liv+ units ( "o "p take ^u !mselves new functions1 or devote !mselves exclusively to "o function1 9 ord] to b5efit ! units ( a di/ant "p4 ,if !y purpos$ or 7 purpos$ to produce t result1 !y c\ld n behave diff]5tly or bett]4 ,b ?is appe>ance ( purpose is m]e semblance3 ! m9ute cells ( an animal organism h no int5tion ( produc+ ev5 a rhizopod or an amba4 ,! explanation ( ?is mimicry ( purpose lies 9 ! fact ( ! mutual int]dep5d5ce ( ! p>ts3 no *ange c take place 9 "o organ ( society or ( ! animal )\t be+ transmitt$ ?r\gh ! :ole1 j z y _c remove "o ( ! und]mo/ ( a c>tload ( bricks )\t m or less di/urb+ all ! re/4 ,b :at is true ( ! bricks or ( ! units ( ! animal organism is true ( ! units ( ! social organism3 :at we discov] 9 _! action & reaction on "o ano!r is ! op]ation1 n ( volunt>y purpose1 b ( inv>iable laws ( cause & effect4 ,accord+ to ?is argum5t1 !n1 ! liv+ units ( ! animal organism resemble 9 _! action ^? ( ! social organism suffici5tly to w>rant u 9 argu+ f ! "o to ! o!r1 & 9 conclud+ t !re is purpose 9 ! action ( nei!r4 ,b x is obvi\s t1 if ! resemblance is great en\gh to ju/ify u 9 argu+ f ! animal to ! social organism1 x also op5s ! way = ! argum5t to travel ! return j\rney1 f ! social organism to ! animal1 & to rea* ! conclusion t !re is purpose 9 bo?4 ,let u !re=e consid] :at ea* ( ^! two opposite conclusions requires u to believe4 ,on ! "o h&1 be=e accept+ ! argum5t t !re is no purpose 9 ! action ( ! social organism because !re is none 9 t ( ! animal1 we mu/ prove t !re is none 9 t ( ! animal4 ,b t1 z we h already urg$1 is exactly :at has n be5 prov$3 ! utmo/ t sci5ce claims to prove is t ! units ( ! animal organism d behave 9 a c]ta9 way4 ,t way is exactly ! way 9 :i* !y w\ld behave if !y 7 design$ to d s2 & sci5ce leaves x1 s f>1 a p]fectly op5 "q :e!r !y 7 or 7 n s design$4 ,! argum5t1 !re=e1 t !re is no purpose 9 ! action ( ! social organism1 because none 9 ! animal1 breaks d[n at ! ?re%old4 ,yet x is on ! unprov$ & unprovable ass]tion t ! appe>ance ( purpose 9 ! animal organism _c possibly be due to design1 & mu/ !re=e be a delusion1 t we are expect$ to d5y ! evid5ce ( our own exp]i5ce & consci\sness & to believe t we1 ! units ( ! social organism1 h no purpose 9 ! daily acts by :i* we ext5d trade or dis*>ge our social functions4 ,?us ! surmise t ,nature mimics purpose1 hav+ none1 is a conjecture :i*1 s f> z x is appli$ to ! pre-human /ages ( ! evolution process1 simply plays ^u our ignorance2 & :i*1 :5 appli$ to t "p ( ! evolution process :i* is c>ri$ on ?r\gh u1 we "k to be absurd4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if !re is su* simil>ity betwe5 ! laws ( ! "o "p ( ! process & ! laws ( ! o!r "p1 x mu/ be z all[able to argue f ! "p & ! laws :i* we d "k to ! "p & ! laws t we d n "k1 z x is to expla9 ! kn[n by :at is confess$ly unkn[n4 ,9 o!r words1 if ! evolution ( ! social organism is kn[n to be due to purpose1 !n x is a reasonable inf]5ce t animal evolution1 :i*1 we are told1 foll[s ! same l9e & laws1 is due also to purpose--& if n to any purpose ent]ta9$ by ! cells ( ! animal organism1 !n to t ( a ,w ( :i* _! action is ! expression4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 ma9ta9$ t ! cont9u\s social *anges :i* con/itute ! evolution ( society1 s f> f be+ ! result ( ! purpose ( any individual or ( any gov]nm5t1 are frequ5tly ! v opposite ( :at 0 int5d$ by ! au?ors ( ! *anges1 & always are notori\sly beyond our p[] to =eca/4 ,b ! fact t my plans are modifi$ or div]t$ by my successors or by my coadjutors does n prove t !re 0 no purpose 9 my plans1 or t !re 0 none 9 ! modifications introduc$ by my successors4 ,& ! total result ( our unit$ action & purposes may be some?+ diff]5t f :at any ( u individually int5d$ & yet express a common purpose1 :i* is %[n by ! result to h be5 m or less pres5t to all ( u4 ,a ca!dral begun 9 ! ,norman /yle may h tak5 g5]ations to build & may end 9 ,go?ic2 & x w express ! ideas common to ! sev]al build]s1 9 mu* ! same way t a composite photograph reproduces mo/ di/9ctly ! features 9 :i* all ! p]sons photograph$ co9cide1 & o!r features m or less di/9ctly accord+ to ! ext5t to :i* !y are %>$ 9 common by ! diff]5t subjects4 ,or1 to express ! effect ( ! successive actions ( succe$+ g5]ations1 we may borr[ an illu/ration f ! game ( *ess4 ,x is possible = five play]s to play1 tak+ x 9 turns to move1 s t e play] makes "o move out ( five1 & plays alt]nately = ,:ite & ,black4 ,! result1 ) good play]s1 is a brilliant & well-develop$ game1 :i* is n ! game z purpos$ or int5d$ by any "o ( ! five play]s1 b z cont9ually modifi$ & improv$ by ea* e "t t he took x up4 ,:51 !n1 we reflect h[ _m play]s 9 ! game ( life !re are ev5 9 a small society1 we c well und]/& t1 ?\gh ea* has 8 own way ( s]v+ ! common purpose1 none c =eca/ ! result4 ,p]haps x w be said t ! *ess-play]s h a common purpose1 & ! play]s 9 life's game h none4 ,! reply is t sci5ce assumes !y h2 sci5ce assumes t !y play to w9 9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce2 & only on ! assumption t m5 h common purposes is x possible to frame any sci5tific acc\nt ( _! actions4 ,! sci5ce ( ,political ,economy assumes t x is a common purpose ( m5 to acquire weal?1 & t _! actions are det]m9$ by t purpose4 ,x !n goes on to %[ t if t is _! purpose1 !n ! conditions "u :i* x c be & is effect$ are ( a c]ta9 k9d1 e4g4 m5 mu/ buy 9 ! *eape/ & sell 9 ! de>e/ m>ket4 ,x is n necess>y to assume1 nor does ,political ,economy assume1 t man c only purpose to acquire weal?1 or t he mu/ "u all circum/ances d s4 ,9 ! same way x is :olly unsci5tific 9 sociology to assume t success 9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce is ei!r a ?+ t man mu/ aim at1 or ! only ?+ t he c aim at3 ! soldi] dies = 8 c\ntry1 ! m>tyr = 8 fai?4 ,! in/itutions ( a nation--legal1 political1 social1 & religi\s--express ! pr$om9ant purposes = :i* successive g5]ations ( ! community h lab\r$2 & ! evolution ( mank9d is ! hi/ory ( ! v>i\s degrees ( success ) :i* m5 h realis$ ! ideals :i* !y h purpos$ to atta94 ,! successive re=ms by :i* progress has be5 effect$ h all be5 purpos$1 & h all be5 purpos$ by m5 :o believ$1 rightly or wrongly1 t 9 s do+ !y 7 s]v+ ,god & _! fell[-m51 & t ! ideals ( tru?1 ju/ice1 equality1 frat]nity1 love1 compassion1 & m]cy express ,god's w & ! ,div9e purpose4 ,if1 !n1 ! outcome ( ! pre-human p]iod ( evolution has be51 z a matt] ( fact1 & among/ o!r ?+s1 su* z to prep>e ! e>? = man's habitation & to provide him ) a me*anism1 physiological & psy*ological1 su* t he c use x1 if he w1 to promote :at he consid]s to be progress & advance1 x is n unreasonable = him to reg>d pa/ phases ( evolution z s _m /eps lead+ to ! realisation ( ! ideals :i* he *]i%es1 9 8 be/ mom5ts1 z 8 highe/ purposes4 ,! cont9uity ( evolution & ! unity ( its process au?orise or ev5 compel him to use t "p ( ! process :i* is c>ri$ on ?r\gh him z a means to int]pret ! re/4 ,z1 9 ! game ( *ess play$ by five play]s1 ea* play] inh]its f 8 pr$ecessor ! game z x /&s1 & c>ries on1 ) improvem5ts or modifications1 ! s*eme :i* he inh]its1 s 9 life ea* play] 9 turn becomes consci\s ( ! ideals :i* he too may1 or may n1 z he wills1 c>ry "o /ep ne>] to _! goal4 ,x is 9 ! cont9uity ) :i* ^! ideals are transmitt$ ?r\gh "o consci\sness aft] ano!r t ! cont9uity ( human evolution consi/s4 ,we are1 or may be if we *oose1 p>ticles 9 ! m$ium by :i* a purpose n our own 7save inasmu* z we *oose to make x s7 is c>ri$ onw>ds to its de/9ation4 ,! m$ium ?r\gh :i* progress has travell$ 9 ! pa/ is ,nature2 ! m$ium ?r\gh :i* x is n[ travell+ is human nature4 ,by u ! ideal1 z x is transmitt$ ?r\gh our consci\sness1 is recognis$ z imply+ ! pres5ce 9 u ( a purpose high] ?an our own4 ,:e!r 9 ! m$ium ( ,nature !re is any dim consci\sness ( ! progress t[>ds :i* ! *anges 9 ,nature conspire1 we "k n4 ,b ! uni=mity ( ,nature & human nature requires u to see 9 ^? natural *anges ! op]ation ( ! same p[] travell+ 9 ! same direction z x does ?r\gh u4 ,9 its passage ?r\gh u x is made kn[n to u z ! object ( our highe/ aspirations2 ! ideal ( purity1 ( hol9ess1 & love2 ! ,god = :om ! human he>t1 mi/ak5ly or n1 has always s\ght1 & nev] s\ght 9 va94 ,,xiv4 ,,conclusion ,! ,pessimi/ic int]pretation ( evolution has taught u ! lesson t1 if we />t )\t belief 9 ! ,div9e gov]nm5t ( ! _w1 /udy ( ! process ( evolution w n lead u to disc]n any ,div9e purpose 9 ! process4 ,belief 9 religion _c beg9 )\t fai? 9 ,god to />t )1 j z belief 9 sci5ce or 9 morality is bas$ n on evid5ce1 b on fai?4 ,! "q rema9s :e!r ) fai? we c believe t ! process ( evolution is a revelation ( ,div9e love1 & :e!r man's environm5t has be5 evolv$ 9 su* a way z to promote 9 him t love ( 8 fell[-man & ,god :i* is ! religi\s ideal4 ,if we look at ! /ructure ( society1 we see x is bas$ on ! fact t man has c]ta9 ne$s--( food1 %elt]1 & clo?+1 etc4--:i* c be satisfi$ m effectually by co-op]ation & division ( lab\r ?an by isolat$1 individual action4 ,! man :o e>ns 8 own liv+ does s by r5d]+ s]vices = :i* he is paid3 he _c b5efit himself )\t b5efit+ o!rs to "s ext5t4 ,t is ! law "u :i* he lives1 a law n ( 8 own mak+1 nor always to 8 own lik+1 b a law inh]5t 9 ! nature ( ?+s1 & "p ( ! purpose1 if purpose !re be1 9 ! s*eme ( ?+s4 ,z a free ag5t1 man may co-op]ate ) 8 fell[s & take 8 %>e ( ! divid$ lab\r1 or n1 z he wills2 b ^? peoples :i* h c>ri$ ! pr9ciples ( co-op]ation & organisation fur!/ h f>$ be/4 ,!y h avail$ !mselves ( ! opportunity (f]$ !m1 & h surviv$4 ,! failure ( ! re/ to d likewise has n imp$$ ! fulfilm5t ( ! ,div9e purpose t m5 %\ld help "o ano!r4 ,on ! contr>y1 ^? :o decl9e to help "o ano!r volunt>ily place !mselves at a disadvantage 9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce1 & are sl[ly1 b surely1 cr[d$ out by ^? :o fulfil ! ,div9e purpose less unsatisfactorily1 & 9 consequ5ce t5d to inh]it ! e>?4 ,we h already se5 t :5 a man rea*es ye>s ( discretion he f9ds t ! physiological & psy*ological me*anism ( :i* he is n[ 9 possession1 & = ! managem5t ( :i* he is h5ce=? responsible1 has a t5d5cy to run 9 c]ta9 grooves3 he has1 z a *ild1 be5 taught & has inh]it$ an aptitude to ?9k & act 9 c]ta9 ways4 ,! same rem>k applies to ! social organism4 ,be=e or :5 ! individual awakes to ! fact t he is a memb] ( a society1 he has already be5 or is ! *ild ( p>5ts to :om he r5d]s ob$i5ce1 & betwe5 :om & himself !re exi/ relations ( affection4 ,! evolution ( man z a purely animal organism has be5 su* t he beg9s life ) a prolong$ p]iod ( helpless infancy4 ,unlike ! l[] animals1 :i* v soon aft] bir? are capable ( provid+ = !mselves1 he is = ye>s dep5d5t on o!rs4 ,8 prolong$ infancy is a prolong$ p]iod ( pla/icity1 dur+ :i* he is m\ld$ into a memb]1 fir/ ( a family & !n & !reby into a memb] ( society4 ,all ! high] animals give _! (fspr+ "s education1 an education z good z !y receiv$ !mselves3 9 ! human race alone d p>5ts give _! *ildr5 a bett] education ?an !y got !mselves4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 n ! ris+ g5]ation alone :o b5efit by ! long p]iod ( dep5d5ce & pla/icity :i* *>act]ises *ildhood4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 true t lab\r exp5d$ on ! p]fect+ ( tools & ma*9]y is peculi>ly productive1 inasmu* z ! increas$ effici5cy ( ! in/rum5t m ?an repays ! great] outlay4 ,b z ! workman :o produces ! tool becomes 9 consequ5ce ( 8 lab\r a m skill$ me*anic1 s ! education giv5 by ! p>5t to ! *ild is an education n only ( ! *ild1 b ( ! p>5t1 & makes bo? bett] fitt$ to be memb]s ( society4 ,x n only secures t subord9ation ( ! y\ng] m5 to ! eld]1 :i* is necess>y = ! /ability ( society & ! p]man5ce ( ! tribe1 b x also temp]s p[] ) responsibility1 responsibility n to "s ext]nal au?ority1 b to ! high] pr9ciple )9 ! man4 ,?us ev5 9 ! e>lie/ /age ( society ! anti-social =ces ( selfi%ness & ! passions d n op]ate 9 vacuo & ) no?+ to imp$e !m4 ,society at ! v beg9n+ is no tabula rasa3 ! field is already l>gely occupi$1 & ! direction ( social evolution already l>gely det]m9$1 by t affection betwe5 p>5ts & *ildr5 )\t :i* nei!r society z a :ole nor ! individual z a unit c\ld come into be+ or cont9ue to exi/4 ,x is an unw>rantable libel1 ev5 on savage society1 to say t 9 x ! ape & tig] pr$om9ate 9 man3 ! l[e/ =ms ( society survive only s f> z !re exi/s m humanity ?an brutality 9 ! deal+s ( _! memb]s ) "o ano!r4 ,x is a false philosophy ( evolution1 n a true acqua9tance ) ! facts ( an?ropology1 :i* ra%ly assumes t ! morally l[e/ mu/ h be5 ! only primitive elem5ts 9 ! evolution ( humanity4 ,! evil & ! good 9 man h exi/$ side by side f ! beg9n+2 unselfi% affection1 z well z selfi% desires1 has always be5 "p ( ! equipm5t ( human nature1 ?\gh ! evolution ( ! =m] may be a long] & m difficult process1 bo? 9 ! individual & ! race1 ?an ! evolution ( ! latt]4 ,9 ! race moral progress may be expect$ ) mu* m confid5ce ?an x c 9 ! case ( ! individual4 ,! m]e exi/5ce ( a society1 h[ev] simple 9 /ructure1 is ( itself pro( t ! anti-social =ces ( selfi%ness & passion are 9 x less /rong ?an ! in/9cts ( neighb\rl9ess & mutual help4 ,( compet+ societies ^? ev5tually triumph :i* are lea/ weak5$ by int]nal diss5sion--t is to say1 ^? societies t5d to ?rive & ext5d mo/ ( :i* ! memb]s are mo/ ready to subord9ate _! private ends to ! public good4 ,ultimately x is only by ! developm5t ( ?is type ( individual "* t a society c a*ieve success2 & x is ?is type ( "* t ! competition betwe5 nations develops4 ,b ess5tial z x is to ! survival ( a society1 x is by no means s ess5tial to ! survival ( ! individual 9 8 /ruggle = exi/5ce aga9/ o!r individuals4 ,if1 !n1 society 7 simply a collection ( w>r+ atoms1 or if ! individual's :ole activity 7 exp5d$ 9 /ruggl+ ) 8 neighb\r & try+ to elb[ him out1 ! type ( "* ess5tial to ! survival ( society c\ld nev] be develop$1 & society itself c\ld nei!r come into be+ nor cont9ue to be4 ,! fact is t m5 n only compete1 b co-op]ate3 society is1 & f ! beg9n+ has be51 an organisation requir+ f ea* ( its p>ts "s subord9ation to ! int]e/s ( ! :ole4 ,z ! organisation ( society gr[s m complex1 ! individual becomes less & less capable ( exi/+ indep5d5tly ( society1 society becomes m & m indep5d5t ( ! s]vices ( any individual memb]1 & bo? ^! facts t5d to fo/] ! social & weak5 ! anti-social =ces 9 man4 ,increas+ division & subdivision ( lab\r specialises ! function ( ea* memb] ( ! community m & m1 & s deprives him ( ! g5]al aptitude = do+ all k9ds ( "w :i* is ess5tial to e man :o is1 z = in/ance 9 a new colony1 ?r[n l>gely on 8 own res\rces4 ,?us ! solit>y exi/5ce :i* might be j possible = ! outca/ f a savage tribe becomes a practical impossibility = ! av]age memb] ( any community t has ris5 above t /age ( social evolution4 ,at ! same "t ! po9t is rea*$ :5 no "o man is indisp5sable to ! community4 ,society is made up ( units s simil> to "o ano!r t any "o c be replac$ by "s o!r1 &1 z a matt] ( fact1 ! place ( ev]yone is at dea? fill$ by "s successor4 ,! !ory ( a social contract1 z a hi/orical or prehi/orical ev5t 9 ! developm5t ( any community1 has long be5 rightly discr$it$3 at no "t did a numb] ( m51 liv+ solit>y lives1 h a public meet+ & =mally contract to live toge!r on c]ta9 conditions & = c]ta9 ends4 ,man has be5 a greg>i\s1 if n social1 animal f ! beg9n+4 ,nev]!less1 man has c]ta9 ne$s1 desires1 & ends :i* c only be satisfi$ by means ( social organisation1 & :i* are q z pot5t 9 hold+ society toge!r z if1 in/ead ( be+ tacitly at "w1 !y _h be5 proclaim$ al\d 9 a =mal social contract4 ,if ?r\gh any disease ! social organism ob/ructs1 or fails to assi/ 9 realis+1 ^? ends1 ! dissatisfaction ( ! individual & ! dang] to ! /ate are j z great z if a =mal contract _h be5 violat$3 ! disappo9tm5t ( ! normal & reasonable expectations ( ! memb]s ( ! community is sub/antially inju/ice1 & is n altoge!r errone\sly /at$ to be a violation ( ! common & tacit und]/&+ on :i* society is 9 fact if n =mally e/abli%$4 ,co-op]ation 9 lab\r does imply "s sort ( engagem5t1 express$ or und]/ood1 t ! jo9t product %all be divid$ m or less fairly betwe5 ! jo9t produc]s4 ,unfairness 9 ! di/ribution ( social b5efits may be ( sl[ gr[?1 b mu/ ev5tually result 9 undisguis$ res5tm5t--appeal is made op5ly & consci\sly to ju/ice1 :i* h5ce=? becomes ! ideal ( a section at lea/ ( ! community1 & is recognis$ z a condition )\t :i* a heal?y social exi/5ce is impossible4 ,x is ?us a mon/r\s p]v]sion ( ! pla9 facts to repres5t ! /ruggle = exi/5ce z hav+ be5 ! sole or ! ma9 factor 9 social evolution3 e memb] ( a community is born into an atmosph]e ( co-op]ation & ma9ta9s 8 exi/5ce by ! co-op]ation ( o!rs4 ,if he mu/ lab\r to live1 he _c lab\r = himself )\t at ! same "t r5d]+ s]vice to o!rs2 ! v same conditions :i* make him desire ju/ice = himself con/ra9 him to ma9ta9 ju/ice = ! community at l>ge4 ,! social environm5t is1 & has always be51 su* z to lead man 9 ! pa?s ( ju/ice & to tra9 him = ! s]vice ( 8 fell[-man4 ,! units :i* con/itute ! social environm5t are m51 be+s ^: physical1 m5tal1 & moral /ructure is ! result ( a long process ( evolution /ret*+ back to beyond ! beg9n+s ( life ^u ?is e>?1 a process :i*1 assum+ x to h _h purpose1 0 design$ to include 9 its effects a creature capable ( ju/ice & ( love4 ,! full developm5t ( ! s5tim5t ( ju/ice has be5 ! "w ( _m c5turies4 ,at fir/1 :5 ! community is small & nomad1 ! idea t a /rang] has a "r to ju/ice is incompreh5sible4 ,ev5 :5 ) ! gr[? ( civilisation provision is made = accord+ =eign m]*ants & o!rs "s protection f ! law1 ! idea t ! /rang] has ! same "r to ju/ice z ! citiz5 is nei!r admitt$ by law nor ent]ta9$ z a speculation4 ,inde$1 ! law1 mode/ ?\gh x be1 may be 9 advance ( public op9ion & ( ! practice ( (ficials--witness ! extortions practis$ by ,roman gov]nors on ! ,roman prov9ces4 ,ev5tually1 h[ev]1 public op9ion out/rips ! law & pron\nces t ev5 ! col\r ( a man's sk9 _c b> 8 claims to ju/ice1 & t ! inhabitants ( a c\ntry1 ?\gh !y be aborig9es1 h "s rights 9 x4 ,f9ally comes philosophy & pron\nces ju/ice1 absolute & /]n1 ! "o ?+ ne$ful1 ! "o & only duty :i* x is )9 ! sph]e & function ( gov]nm5t to ma9ta94 ,un=tunately = ! philosophy :i* ma9ta9s ?is view1 x happ5s t1 j :5 ! au?ority ( ju/ice is admitt$ by ! consci5ce ( civilisation to be p>am\nt1 ju/ice z an ideal is recognis$ to be nei!r capable ( realisation nor absolutely desirable4 ,x is obvi\s t 9 ! be/-regulat$ ev5 ( free communities ! am\nt ( ju/ice :i* c be secur$ by ! action ( ! law & ! int]v5tion ( ! ,/ate falls v f> %ort ( ! ideal2 & ! multiplication ( laws & ,/ate inquisitors1 :i* w\ld be necess>y if e =m ( inju/ice & wrong-do+ 7 to be puni%$ by ! ,/ate1 w\ld be a rem$y1 if inde$ x 7 a rem$y1 worse ?an ! disease4 ,x is impossible to pret5d to believe t weal? is di/ribut$ accord+ to m]it 9 any exi/+ community1 or t any gov]nm5tal sy/em1 ev5 if design$ solely ) t end 9 view1 c\ld ev] det]m9e :at a man's m]its 71 or :at 8 rew>d %\ld be4 ,nor is ! ill di/ribution ( weal? ! only factor ( inju/ice1 ?\gh x is ! only factor ) :i* ! ,/ate c\ld make pret5ce to deal3 sickness & sorr[1 grief & pa9--nay1 ! v capacity = suff]+ & = joy--are dealt to diff]5t m5 9 v diff]5t measure4 ,x is pla9 matt] ( fact t e>?ly goods & pleasures are n di/ribut$ accord+ to m]it2 & x is j :5 man's conque/ ( ,nature has become mo/ complete1 :5 society is no long] /ruggl+ = a b>e subsi/5ce1 :5 ! dem& = ju/ice is mo/ fully & unres]v$ly admitt$1 t ! impossibility ( meet+ ! dem& & ! dang] ( fail+ to meet x become mo/ manife/4 ,! pov]ty :i* accompanies progress may 9 "o g5]ation be less ?an x 0 9 ! previ\s g5]ation1 b ! extremes ( pov]ty & weal? gr[ daily wid] ap>t1 & ! numb] ( ^? :o are poor increases 9 a gr[+ population mu* m rapidly ?an ! numb] ( ! ri*4 ,! dang] :i* ?is r5t 9 ! social fabric ?reat5s to ! :ole /ructure ( society may be exagg]at$1 b _c be d5i$4 ,! m]e ju/ice ( individualism :i* has hi!rto suffic$ to hold society toge!r1 suffices n[ no long]4 ,! ju/ice :i* limits itself to ! fulfilm5t ( ^? actions to ! non-p]=mance ( :i* a legal p5alty is atta*$1 is n ! "o & only ?+ ne$ful1 nor does its =ce rem$y ! num]\s cases ( undes]v$ mis=tune & suff]+ :i* ! work+ ( our social & indu/rial sy/em entails4 ,:at heals ! suff]+ & saves x f becom+ a fe/]+ sore t might prove fatal to society1 is t love ( man = 8 fell[-man1 :i* is manife/$ to ! poor by ! ri* to "s ext5t1 b *iefly by ! poor4 ,! ,/ate c only prescribe & en=ce ext]nal acts ( ju/ice2 & ! ext]nal acts :i* x prescribes are n ! bond :i* holds or c hold society toge!r4 ,! ,/ate1 9 its attempts to modify society ?r\gh ! individual1 is z clumsy z ! bre$] or ! g>d5] 9 deal+ ) animals & plants1 & mu/ fa9 be cont5t if x c modify "s ( ! m prom95t ext]nal *>act]i/ics4 ,nature is mu* m se>*+1 &1 if sl[]1 mu* m ?or\gh3 ! real nature ( h] "w1 ! true "* ( ! =ce on :i* %e has made ! cohesion ( society to dep5d1 becomes obvi\s at ! "t :5 ! insuffici5cy ( m]e ju/ice = ! purpose becomes app>5t4 ,imp]fect ?\gh man's ob$i5ce has be5 to ! comm&m5t1 ,?\ %alt love ?y neighb\r z ?yself1 x is to 8 ob$i5ce t society owes its ma9t5ance4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 !n1 /rict ju/ice is n & _c be realis$ 9 ?is _w4 ,ev5 ! =ces ( ! social environm5t :i* are1 to a l>ge ext5t1 "u man's own control are n & _c be s direct$ by him z to secure rew>ds & puni%m5ts 9 exact proportion to m]it & dem]it2 :ile ! action ( ^? natural =ces :i* di/ribute =tune & mis=tune1 pa9 & ! susceptibility to pa91 pleasure & ! capacity ( enjoym5t1 is /ill less "u 8 control &1 z f> z we c see1 is /ill less proportionate to des]t4 ,! fields ( ! unju/ b5efit z mu* z ^? ( ! j by ! ra9 f heav52 ! lab\r]s :o ent] ! v9ey>d ( civilisation at a late h\r receive z great a rew>d z _! pr$ecessors :o bore ! heat & burd5 ( ! day1 or ev5 great]2 :5 a t[] 9 our social fabric falls1 x is n ! guilty :o are alone or ev5 specially involv$ 9 its ru94 ,f ! "t ( ,!ognis1 at lea/1 m5 h inquir$ ) despair h[ ! gods c\ld expect wor%ip :5 !y suff]$ ^! ?+s to be2 & z long z we look ^u life z ?\gh we 7 deta*$ spectators1 ) no c>e = x save a dis9t]e/$ desire to see ju/ice done1 x is easy = u to declaim ^u ! absolute indiff]5ce ( ! cosmic process to man & 8 des]ts4 ,b ?is deta*$ attitude is purely artificial1 & we c\ld n make ev5 ! semblance ( long ma9ta9+ x1 did we n unconsci\sly glide into ! m natural1 b less w>rantable1 position ( tacitly assum+ t our own p]sonal lot w\ld be improv$ if /rict ju/ice 7 done4 ,b is n our res5tm5t aga9/ ! inju/ice ( ! _w p>tly premature & some:at %all[ & %ort-sight$8 ,are we sure we want /rict ju/ice8 ,are we s anxi\s to h our m]its weigh$8 are !y s impos+8 ,c we pray t we may be rew>d$ aft] our iniquities8 ,if society c\ld by "s sup]natural p[] deal /rict ju/ice to all its memb]s1 :o w\ld1 :o c\ld live 9 x8 ,z a matt] ( fact--to say x once m--x is n by law alone t society lives1 b by love1 by ! long-pati5t love ( fa!r or "m1 ( wife or husb&1 ( fri5d or neighb\r1 :i* e "o ( u has accept$ & none has fully requit$4 ,our v hospitals are op5 to all :o ne$ !m1 to ^? ^: suff]+ is due to _! own neglig5ce1 or ev5 crime1 & n m]ely to ^? ^: pa9 is undes]v$4 ,a palpable inju/ice1 wor?y ( ! cosmic process itself6 ,& :at excuse1 if ju/ice1 absolute & rel5tless1 be our highe/ & wor?ie/ aspiration1 c !re be = appropriat+ ! rew>d ( hone/ toil to ! (t5 fruitless task ( (f]+ to ^?1 :o h by _! own vice sunk into ! dep?s1 "o la/ *ance ( life & ( r$emption8 ,! m]cy :i* falle?1 l ! g5tle ra9 f heav51 alike ^u ! unju/ & ! j1 mu/ be judg$ by ! same /&>d t we apply to ! cosmic process4 ,we may1 l ! eld] bro!r ( ! prodigal son1 refuse to see any?+ 9 man or ,nature b a _w giv5 up to gross inju/ice--p]sons s sup]ior z to /& 9 no ne$ ( =giv5ess & no fe> ( judgm5t are able d\btless to judge ! _w & _! fell[-man4 ,b ! prodigal himself may1 p]*ance1 bett] und]/& "s ( ! work+s ( 8 fa!r's he>t1 & tru/ he sees 9 ! app>5t inju/ice ( ,nature m in/ances ( t m]cy :i* w\ld n h %[$ itself to him _h ju/ice measur$ love4 ,x seems1 !n1 t ! e?ical process & ! cosmic process are n s absolutely oppos$ to "o ano!r z ,pr(essor ,huxley endeav\r$ to make out4 ,bo? at times act ) a calm disreg>d ( ju/ice4 ,9 ! "o case we "k t x is a high] pr9ciple :i* takes ! place ( ju/ice2 & x is a reasonable conjecture t ! e?ical process1 :i* is "o outcome or manife/ation ( ! cosmic process1 does b reproduce1 9 ?is case z 9 o!rs1 ! action ( ! cosmic =ce :i* op]ates ?r\gh ! he>t ( man z well z ?r\gh ! re/ ( ! univ]se4 ,x is at any rate inconsi/5t to condemn ! cosmos = exhibit+ t quality ( m]cy :i* we rank highe/ among/ ! attributes ( man3 if we take cr$it to our fell[-m5 = t quality1 9 fairness let u give ! cosmos ! same cr$it :5 x displays ! same quality4 ,if1 z we assume 9 ?is *apt]1 !re is purpose 9 evolution1 let u admit t !re is "s presumption t x is a purpose ( love & ( m]cy4 ,z x is by fai? 9 sci5ce t m5 ( sci5ce succe$ 9 solv+ problems :i*1 = a "t1 seem beyond ! p[]s ( sci5ce to deal )1 s x is on fai? 9 religion t ! religi\s explanation ( ! univ]se dep5ds = its sl[ b sure ext5sion4 ,) t fai? we may succe$ 9 see+1 to "s slight ext5t1 t ! unequal di/ribution ( pa91 z well z ( e>?ly prosp]ity1 is n incompatible ) a ,div9e purpose 9 evolution4 ,= t fai? we mu/ believe t ! suff]+ & sorr[ f :i* none ( u is exempt are n evil1 unless we *oose to make !m s1 b opportunities = good4 ,inde$1 )\t t fai? we seem =c$ ^u ! same conclusion3 ! man :o devotes himself1 8 s\l1 8 life to ! relief ( ! ne$y & ! suff]+ _c make e>?ly prosp]ity 8 *ief good1 ?\gh1 z ,pr(essor ,huxley has said1 he may atta9 some?+ mu* bett]4 ,b if we hold t !re is some?+ bett] ?an e>?ly prosp]ity1 c we consi/5tly declaim aga9/ sickness & sorr[ z ! wor/ ( evils1 or indict a univ]se because !y are n unkn[n 9 x8 ,! ,/oicism :i* l5t ,pr(essor ,huxley ! /r5g? to tea* t man mu/ to ! end decl>e defiance & resi/ance to ! cosmos--resi/ance unavail+ & defiance doom$ to c]ta9 failure 9 ! end--might also h taught him t ! evil :i* he calls on u to w> aga9/ is n 9 ! cosmos2 t ! enemy ( ! e?ical process has 8 headqu>t]s n 9 ,nature1 b 9 ! he>t ( man4 ,pa9 & sorr[ are evil to ! suff]] :o all[s !m to make him selfi%1 & to ! spectator :o *ooses to be call\s to 8 suff]+4 ,if our volitions d c\nt = some?+ 9 ! c\rse ( ?+s1 if we are s f> free t we c1 9 response to ,pr(essor ,huxley's call1 dogg$ly & repeat$ly resi/ ! cosmic process1 !n x is ( our own free w1 also1 t we d evil :5 ! opportunity ( good is (f]$ u4 ,yet we *>ge ! evil ^u ! cosmos4 1 ' ' 4 ,,app5dix ,,on ,,bi%op ,,b]keley',s ,,idealism ,:5 "o ass]ts t a writ] is wrong 9 "o ( ! argum5ts :i* he uses1 x is well to beg9 by mak+ sure t he really does use ! argum5t 9 "q4 ,= ?is purpose x is useful to quote ! passages 9 :i* ! writ] uses ! argum5t1 & su* passages1 = my own satisfaction1 ,i w spe$ily cite f ,bi%op ,b]keley4 ,b fir/1 9 ord] t ! read] may "k t ! int]pretation :i* ,i put on ^! extracts is n "o peculi> to myself1 b is 9 h>mony ) ! g5]al t5or ( ,b]keley's metaphysical writ+s1 ,i w quote f ,pr(essor ,fras]1 :o1 9 8 preface to ! ,dialogues betwe5 ,hylas & ,philon\s1 /ates ,b]keley's argum5t to be z foll[s3 ,z ! common reason ( m51 te/$ by _! actions1 dem&s ! p]man5ce ( s5sible ?+s1 ev5 ?\gh !y are n p]man5tly pres5t to ! s5ses ( any "o embodi$ m9d1 x foll[s t ! v exi/5ce ( ! ?+s ( s5se 7ap>t f any 'm>ks ( design' 9 _! collocations7 implies ! p]man5t exi/5ce ( ,supreme ,m9d1 by :om all real objects are p]petually conceiv$1 & 9 :om _! ord]ly appe>ances1 disappe>ances1 & reappe>ances 9 f9ite m9ds may be said to exi/ pot5tially4 ,& n[ = ,b]keley's own words1 7#a7 ,9 ! ,second ,dialogue betwe5 ,hylas & ,philon\s 7p4 #cjd ( ,pr(essor ,fras]'s edition71 he says1 ,to me x is evid5t t s5sible ?+s _c exi/ o!rwise ?an 9 a m9d or _s4 ,:5ce ,i conclude1 n t !y h no real exi/5ce1 b t1 see+ !y dep5d n on my ?\ght1 & h an exi/5ce di/9ct f be+ p]ceiv$ by me1 !re mu/ be "s o!r m9d :]e9 !y exi/4 ,z sure1 !re=e1 z ! s5sible _w really exi/s1 s sure is !re an inf9ite omnipres5t ,_s1 :o conta9s & supports x4 7#b7 ,9 ! ,?ird ,dialogue 7p4 #cbe ( ,pr(essor ,fras]'s edition7 we h3 ,hyl4 ,suppos+ y 7 annihilat$1 _c y conceive x possible t ?+s p]ceivable by s5se may /ill exi/8--,phil4 ,i c2 b !n x mu/ be 9 ano!r m9d4 ,:5 ,i d5y s5sible ?+s an exi/5ce out ( ! m9d1 ,i d n mean my m9d 9 p>ticul>1 b all m9ds4 ,n[1 x is pla9 !y h an exi/5ce ext]ior to my m9d2 s9ce ,i f9d !m by exp]i5ce to be indep5d5t ( x4 ,!re is !re=e "s o!r m9d :]e9 !y exi/1 dur+ ! int]vals betwe5 ! times ( my p]ceiv+ !m3 z likewise !y did be=e my bir?1 & w\ld d aft] my suppos$ annihilation4 ,&1 z ! same is true ) reg>d to all o!r f9ite creat$ spirits1 x necess>ily foll[s !re is an omnipres5t ,et]nal ,m9d1 :i* kn[s & compreh5ds all ?+s1 & exhibits !m to our view4 7#c7 ,! indep5d5t1 real exi/5ce ( ?+s is affirm$ ) emphasis 9 ! ,second ,dialogue 7ibid41 p4 #cjg73 ,x is evid5t t ! ?+s ,i p]ceive are my own ideas1 & t no idea c exi/ unless x be 9 a m9d4 ,nor is x less pla9 t ^! ideas or ?+s by me p]ceiv$1 ei!r !mselves or _! ar*etypes1 exi/ indep5d5tly ( my m9d2 s9ce ,i "k myself n to be _! au?or1 x be+ out ( my p[] to det]m9e at pleasure :at p>ticul> ideas ,i %all be affect$ ) ^u op5+ my eyes or e>s4 ,!y mu/ !re=e exi/ 9 "s o!r m9d1 ^: w x is !y %\ld be exhibit$ to me4 ,! ?+s1 ,i say1 imm$iately p]ceiv$ are ideas or s5sations1 call !m :i* y w4 ,b h[ c any idea or s5sation exi/ 91 or be produc$ by1 any?+ b a m9d or _s8 7#d7 ,f9ally1 9 ,! ,pr9ciples ( ,human ,k1 #ij1 9 expla9+ ! two s5ses ( ext]nal3 ,! ?+s p]ceiv$ by s5se may be t]m$ ext]nal1 ) reg>d to _! orig9--9 t !y are n g5]at$ f )9 by ! m9d itself1 b impr9t$ by a ,_s di/9ct f t :i* p]ceives !m4 ,s5sible objects may likewise be said to be ')\t ! m9d' 9 ano!r s5se1 namely :5 !y exi/ 9 "s o!r m9d2 ?us :5 ,i %ut my eyes1 ! ?+s ,i saw may /ill exi/1 b x mu/ be 9 ano!r m9d4 ,b]keley's argum5t 9 brief1 !re=e1 is t we believe ?+s to be p]man5t1 & mu/ !re=e believe 9 a p]man5t1 ,div9e m9d 9 :i* !y may exi/4 ,! "q :i* ,i wi% to raise is z to ?is p]man5ce ( ?+s2 =1 if ?+s are n p]man5t1 !y _c te/ify to ! p]man5ce ( ! ,div9e m9d4 ,i w beg9 my que/ion+s ) ! conclud+ words ( ! la/-quot$ passage3 :5 ,i %ut my eyes1 ! ?+s ,i saw may /ill exi/1 b x mu/ be 9 ano!r m9d4 ,! expression ! ?+s ,i saw w\ld seem to be ambigu\s4 ,are ! ?+s ,i saw ! s5sations ( sight :i* ,i _h1 or are !y some?+ diff]5t8 ,if !y are my s5sations1 !y c]ta9ly d n exi/ :5 my eyes are clos$--?+s are n p]man5t4 ,if ! ?+s ,i see are some?+ diff]5t f my s5sations ( sight1 !n ! common-s5se ,reali/ w\ld seem to be "r1 & ,b]keley's ,idealism mu/ be giv5 up4 ,let u exam9e ea* alt]native4 ,x looks1 at fir/1 z ?\gh ,b]keley himself w\ld say t ! ?+s ,i saw are id5tical ) my s5sations ( sight3 9 ! ?ird passage quot$ above he says1 ! ?+s ,i p]ceive are my own ideas 444 ! ?+s1 ,i say1 imm$iately p]ceiv$ are ideas or s5sations1 call !m :i* y w4 ,let u1 !re=e1 see ! consequ5ces ( adh]+ /rictly to ?is int]pretation ( ! ambigu\s phrase4 ,x w foll[ 9 ! fir/ place t1 unless ,i c see ) my eyes %ut1 ! ?+s ,i see are n p]man5t1 b d cease to exi/ :5 ,i close my eyes4 ,next1 my s5sations _c exi/ 9 somebody else's m9d--! fact t y c see ! object :5 y\r eyes are op5 does n enable me to see x ) my eyes clos$4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ( c\rse1 x does n foll[ t because my eyes are clos$ nobody else c see any?+--only1 ?is does n make my s5sations p]man5t1 or prove t !y c exi/ 9 someone else's m9d4 ,9 f9e1 if ! ?+s ,i saw are ! s5sations ( sight t ,i _h1 !n ,b]keley's argum5t f ! p]man5t exi/5ce ( ?+s to _! exi/5ce 9 a p]man5t m9d breaks d[n d\bly2 =1 fir/1 my s5sations pla9ly are n p]man5t2 &1 second1 my s5sations _c exi/ 9 ano!r m9d1 p]man5t or o!rwise4 ,at ?is po9t x is necess>y to note t exi/5ce has be5 us$ 9 ?is connection 9 a d\ble s5se3 actual exi/5ce has be5 di/+ui%$ f pot5tial4 ,x is on ?is di/9ction t ,mill bases 8 def9ition ( matt] z ! p]man5t possibility ( s5sation2 b ! di/9ction is d]iv$ f ,b]keley1 :o has1 z usual1 giv5 ! mo/ lucid explanation4 ,9 8 ,,ms4 ,common ,place ,book 7quot$ 9 ,fras]1 i4 #cbe1 n4 #i71 ,b]keley says1 ,bodies1 tak5 = p[]s1 d exi/ :5 n p]ceiv$2 b ?is exi/5ce is n actual4 ,:5 ,i say a p[] exi/s1 no m is meant ?an t if1 9 ! light1 ,i op5 my eyes1 & look t way1 ,i %all see ! body4 ,?us f> ,mill w g ) ,b]keley2 & ?us f> bo? are op5 to ! reproa* ( n giv+ a pla9 answ] to a pla9 "q4 ,! pla9 "q ( common s5se to ! ,ideali/ is3 ,d ?+s exi/ :5 unp]ceiv$8 ,does ! furniture ( my room exi/ :5 nobody is 9 ! room to p]ceive x8 ,to :i* ! ,ideali/ replies t if ,i g into ! room ,i %all see ! furniture--:i* is p]fectly true1 b is no answ] to ! "q4 ,!re is1 inde$1 no p>ticul> reason :y ,mill %\ld n pla9ly answ] ,no1 if x 7 n = fe> ( giv+ a %ock to ! man ( common s5se :o _c readily compreh5d h[ x is t ! coal 9 8 grate has come to be consum$ if ! process ( combu/ion has be5 susp5d$ 9 8 abs5ce4 ,b ) ,b]keley ! case is diff]5t3 = him ! p]man5ce ( ?+s & ! common-s5se belief 9 t p]man5ce h a value z furni%+ an additional argum5t 9 fav\r ( a ,supreme ,m9d4 ,b he too evades r ?an meets ! pla9 "q ( ! pla9 man3 ,d ?+s exi/ :5 no "o is consci\s ( !m8 ,8 reply is1 ,yes1 = ! ,div9e ,m9d is consci\s ( !m--:i* aga9 is true1 b is n an answ] to ! "q4 ,h[ev]1 ! po9t ( imm$iate int]e/ = our pres5t purpose is to asc]ta9 :e!r ! conception ( pot5tial exi/5ce c l5d to ?+s t p]man5ce :i* accord+ to ,b]keley necessitates ! assumption ( a p]man5t m9d4 ,n[1 by ! pot5tial exi/5ce ( a body or ?+ no m is meant ?an t if ,i op5 my eyes & look 9 ! "r direction1 ,i %all see ! ?+2 & ! ?+s ,i see are my s5sations1 ideas1 call !m :at y w4 ,b t ,i c see ) my eyes %ut is beyond possibility ( pro(--x c]ta9ly is n prov$ by ! fact t ,i c see ) my eyes op52 & nei!r is x prov$ by ! fact t o!r p see ?+s :5 my eyes are clos$4 ,9 f9e1 if ! ?+s ,i see are my s5sations1 !n ?+s _c h a p]man5t exi/5ce2 & no inf]5ce z to ! p]man5ce ( ! ,div9e ,m9d c be drawn4 ,we are driv51 !re=e1 to suppose t ! ?+s ,i see are diff]5t1 p>tially or :olly1 f my s5sations4 ,& ?is supposition seems to be impli$ by v>i\s passages 9 ,b]keley4 ,= in/ance1 he says 7i4 p4 #cjg71 ! ?+s ,i p]ceive are my own ideas 444 ! ?+s1 ,i say1 imm$iately p]ceiv$ are ideas or s5sations1 call !m :i* y w1 :]e he seems to di/+ui% :at is imm$iately p]ceiv$ 7i4e4 s5sations7 f some?+ else4 ,& a few l9es be=e he seems to be incl9$ to admit ! exi/5ce ( some?+ else ?an my s5sations1 = he says ideas or ?+s by me p]ceiv$1 ei!r !mselves or _! ar*etypes1 exi/ indep5d5tly ( my m9d4 ,! p]man5ce ( ?+s is und\bt$ly an inf]5ce4 ,we f9d by exp]i5ce t effects :i* are produc$ by causes act+ be=e our v eyes are at o!r times produc$ by _! causes 9 our abs5ce3 ! fire burns 9 my abs5ce z well z 9 my pres5ce4 ,obvi\sly1 !re=e1 ! ?+ :i* produces its effects :5 ,i h no s5sations ( x mu/ be diff]5t f ^? s5sations2 & x mu/ be an exi/+ ?+1 o!rwise its effects w be effects produc$ by a non-exi/5t cause4 ,to say t ! unobs]v$ cause 9 ^! cases is a possibility ( s5sation does n m5d matt]s4 ,a possible s5sation is a s5sation :i*1 z a matt] ( fact1 does n exi/ & nev] did4 ,x is a piece ( pure imag9ation2 & consequ5tly on ?is !ory ! :ole pa/ hi/ory ( ! univ]se is imag9>y4 ,nei!r are matt]s m5d$ by d5y+ t !re are su* ?+s z causes1 & affirm+ t we only "k inv>iable & unconditional antec$5ts4 ,h[ c a possible s5sation1 t is1 an ev5t :i* did n take place1 prec$e "o :i* does take place8 ,h[ c an imag9ation ( my m9d h prec$$ ! exi/5ce ( my m9d8 ,p]haps x may be said t if ,mill's ,psy*ological ,!ory ( ,m9d & ,matt] is n satisfactory1 nei!r is ! !ory ( ! direct appreh5sion ( reality :olly consi/5t ) itself4 ,x affirms ! direct appreh5sion ( reality1 yet on exam9ation ! direct appreh5sion turns out to be an inf]5ce4 ,?us3 ?+s mu/ h an exi/5ce diff]5t f our s5sations because !y produce _! effects1 & !re=e exi/1 9 our abs5ce4 ,! reply is simple4 ,unless we believ$ ! effects1 :i* we d p]ceive1 to be real ?+s1 we %\ld n inf] ! causes1 :i* we d n p]ceive1 to be real ei!r4 ,common s5se believes t ?+s cont9ue to exi/ :5 we turn our eyes away3 _! exi/5ce beyond ! range ( obs]vation is an inf]5ce f _! exi/5ce 9 our obs]vation4 ,_! inf]r$ p]man5ce is d$uc$ f _! obs]v$ indep5d5ce4 ,,index ,a ,ab/raction3 #aic1 #aih1 #aii1 #bjc1 #bdb1 #bee ,action3 #fe1 #fh1 #gj ,adaptation3 #ba1 #be-cj1 #ahf1 #bjd1 #bjf1 #bai1 #bba1 #beb 7see ,environm5t7 ,agno/icism3 #cf1 #afe-gf1 #bjb1 #bah1 #bcg ,an?ropomorphism3 #ea1 #eb1 #ee ,ape & tig]1 ,!3 #bh1 #cj1 #ca1 #dj1 #bgf ,appe>ance3 #fg1 #bff 7see ,purpose7 ,appreh5sion3 #eg1 #eh1 #fc-gj1 #bie ,approximation to ! ideal3 #bjf1 #bjh1 #bac1 #bbb1 #bbi1 #beb1 #bef 7see ,ideals1 ,progress1 ,purpose7 ,art1 ,arti/3 #bjg1 #bji1 #bdd ,assumption3 #afd-ahj1 #ahe1 #ahg1 #ahh1 #aia-f1 #bba1 #bbb ,b ,becom+3 #gh ,be+3 #gh ,belief3 #bae1 #bba 7see ,w to believe7 ,b]keley1 ,bp43 #fb1 #fc1 #bhi-ie ,b]n>d1 ,claude3 #ij ,biology3 #id1 #if1 #bdi-ea ,c ,causation1 ,law (3 #ajf 7see ,univ]sal causation7 ,causes3 #gi1 #aag1 #aha1 #aid1 #aif1 #aig1 #bjh-aj1 #bbd1 #bdd ,*ance3 #beh1 #bei1 #bfj ,*emical comb9ation3 #hi1 #ij1 #ib1 #ih ,*emi/ry3 #hf1 #id ,*ess3 #afc-hc1 #bfh ,common consci\sness ( mank9d3 #afd1 #aif1 #aig1 #bjh1 #bdd ,common exp]i5ce ( mank9d3 #gd ,common fai? ( mank9d3 #afe-gb1 #ahd-bjb1 #bjd1 #bbb1 #bbc1 #bbi1 #bdf1 #bdg ,common s5se3 #gh1 #ha1 #afd-h1 #agc1 #bbi1 #bdi1 #bec1 #bhi ,comp>ative me?od3 #g --,sci5ces3 #aje ,consci5ce3 #eb1 #hd ,consci\sness3 #fc-e1 #gj1 #hd1 #aff1 #ahb1 #aih1 #bja1 #bec 7see ,/ates ( consci\sness7 ,cont9uity1 ,! law (3 #ah1 #ajd1 #aba1 #acc1 #bjj1 #bja1 #bga ,cosmic process3 #ag1 #ba1 #bb1 #bf1 #bh-cj1 #cb-e1 #ea1 #ec1 #fj1 #ha1 #bbb1 #bbd1 #bhd-f1 #bhh 7cf4 ,e?ical process7 ,d ,d>w93 #g1 #bfa ,demonology3 #aia ,design3 #ach1 #adj1 #bfd1 #bfg ,div]sity ( ,nature3 #abe1 #abf1 #acb1 #acc 7cf4 ,uni=mity ( ,nature7 ,div9e ,provid5ce3 #cf1 #cg 7see ,purpose1 ,div9e7 ,e ,environm5t3 #be1 #bh1 #bai1 #bba1 #bbb1 #bcb1 #beb1 #bfc 7see ,adaptation71 7social7 #bbh1 #bhj ,e?ical process1 ,!3 #bh1 #ca1 #cc-e1 #dg1 #dh1 #fj1 #aia1 #bai1 #bba1 #bhf1 #bhg 7cf4 ,cosmic process7 ,e?ics3 #hg ,evid5ce3 #ach-fb1 #ahh1 #ahi1 #aij1 #aia1 #aih1 #aii1 #bah1 #bec ,evil3 #bbf1 #bbg1 #bbh1 #bhg1 #bhh ,exi/5ce1 ,actual & pot5tial3 #bib1 #bic ,exp]i5ce3 #f1 #fd1 #fg1 #ade1 #adf1 #aec1 #aib1 #aig1 #aih1 #bjb1 #bbb1 #bbc1 #bea1 #bec1 #bef1 #bfa --7spiritual73 #aii1 #bjf1 #bbf ,explanation3 #ge1 #abf1 #bda 7see also ,sci5ce7 ,f ,fai?3 #ad1 #af1 #ci1 #ha1 #adb1 #adc1 #aea-fe1 #ahe1 #ahf1 #ahg1 #aih1 #bjc-cg1 #bdf1 #bdg1 #bgc ,fai? ( sci5ce3 #ahh1 #aih1 #bhg ,fir/ pr9ciples3 #id ,fras]1 ,pr(essor3 #bhi ,fre$om3 #ajh1 #abj-cg1 #afh1 #agi1 #ahd-if1 #bah1 #bbd1 #bbg1 #bdg1 #beb1 #bfa 7cf4 ,necessity1 ,w7 ,fr5* ,revolution3 #d ,g ,gold5 ,age3 #c ,h ,happ9ess3 #bd1 #cj ,homog5e\s1 ,in/ability (3 #ih ,human nature 7see ,uni=mity7 ,huxley1 ,pr(essor3 #bd1 #bh1 #cj1 #cc1 #ci1 #abj1 #add1 #adi-ei1 #agc1 #bjd1 #bje1 #bjh1 #bac1 #bai1 #bdg1 #bhf-h ,i ,idealism3 #ch-ei --7subjective73 #eg1 #fb1 #fc1 #fd1 #bhi-ie ,ideals3 #cj-b1 #cd1 #da1 #ed1 #gd1 #afd-hd1 #aid1 #aie1 #bjd-cf1 #bda-gc1 #bhj 7see ,moral ideal1 ,tru?7 ,id5tity3 #bja ,illusion3 #ag1 #bb1 #bc-e1 #dd1 #de1 #dg1 #eg1 #fj1 #fe1 #gd1 #aab1 #acf1 #afd1 #afe1 #bbg1 #bdc1 #bdf1 #bdg1 #bef1 #bfj ,indep5d5ce3 #bja ,inhumanity3 #cc ,in/9ct3 #bcf ,int]action3 #fh ,k ,kir*(f3 #hj ,k3 #gj1 #if ,l ,life3 #hh1 #id1 #ahb ,lotze3 #hb ,m ,mat]ialism3 #ag ,matt] & ,m9d3 #he1 #hh1 #id1 #acc1 #acd 7psy*ological !ory (71 #bie ,matt] & ,motion3 #ae1 #ag1 #ai-ba1 #cb1 #ce1 #cf-di1 #ajj1 #adj1 #afh1 #ahj --,! r$i/ribution (3 #gb-ii ,me*anical composition3 #hi1 #ib1 #ih ,me*anical !ory1 ,!3 #gi-ic1 #aha1 #ahb1 #bje1 #bji1 #baa ,m]tz1 ,dr43 #hj ,metaphysics3 #gi1 #hb1 #hc1 #hd1 #ajg-ac1 #abc1 #bed 7cf4 ,philosophy7 ,mill1 ,j4 ,s43 #fc1 #ge1 #gf1 #hd1 #hi1 #ij1 #adi1 #bci1 #bib1 #bic1 #bie ,m9d3 #hd --7see ,matt]7 ,miracles3 #ahh1 #aij ,moral consci\sness3 #ej1 #aih1 #bjd1 #bjf ,moral ideal3 #dc1 #ahd1 #ahe1 #aia1 #aic1 #bje1 #bba1 #bdb1 #bdd 7see ,ideals7 ,moral judgm5t3 #da ,moral laws3 #dc1 #dh1 #aif1 #bjj1 #bja1 #bbf ,moral obligation3 #ahi1 #aih1 #bjj1 #bji ,morality3 #ai1 #cd1 #di1 #ej1 #ef1 #fi1 #gd1 #aei1 #afa1 #afb1 #aha1 #ahf1 #aia1 #bah1 #bba1 #bbc1 #bbe1 #bdc1 #bdd ,my?ology3 #c ,n ,nature3 #ec --,cosmic3 #cg --,e?ical3 #cc1 #cg --,laws (3 #gf --,uni=mity (3 #ajb-ce1 #add-ej1 #aeb1 #afa1 #afe-gg1 #ahg1 #bjb1 #bae1 #bbj1 #bbf1 #bgb ,necessity3 #ag1 #ajj-acg1 #afd1 #agh1 #agi1 #ahb1 #aij1 #aia1 #bdj1 #bdg1 #bei1 #bfj1 #bfc --,metaphysical3 #aab1 #aac1 #aaf1 #abf1 #beg --,sci5tific3 #aab 7see also ,fre$om1 ,w7 ,o ,object 7( desire73 #ef1 #eh --7mat]ial73 #fa1 #gj1 #gd1 #ha1 #ajj1 #ajb1 #ajc1 #aga-e1 #ahd-bjc ,objective tru?3 #ce1 #da1 #bjj ,obligation1 ,moral3 #ab ,optimism3 #a-ac1 #ae-ah1 #bj1 #ba1 #cj1 #gd1 #afd-h1 #ahe-bjc1 #bbc1 #bdg ,organism1 ,animal3 #aj1 #aa1 #ab --,social3 #aj1 #bff1 #bfg1 #bfh 7see ,society7 ,orig93 #bji1 #bab ,p ,p]ception3 #fa1 #fb1 #fe 7see ,s5sations7 ,p]man5ce3 #fc1 #bjj1 #bhi1 #bia-e ,p]sonality3 #eb1 #ec1 #ff ,pessimism3 #bd-cg1 #ci1 #dc-g1 #gd1 #afd1 #afh1 #ahg-if1 #bdg1 #bgc ,philosophy3 #gj1 #gd1 #ha1 #afc-gj1 #agc1 #agd1 #agg1 #bbe1 #bgf ,political economy3 #abd1 #bgj ,positive philosophy3 #afe1 #afh ,physiology3 #ij ,pre-hi/ory3 #g ,primitive man3 #g ,progress3 #g1 #i1 #ab1 #ac1 #ad1 #bb1 #bc1 #be-h1 #cj1 #gh1 #afd1 #bjc-cg1 #bbb1 #beb1 #bed1 #bef1 #bgj 7see ,approximation1 ,ideals7 ,psy*ology3 #hc1 #hf1 #hg1 #ajj ,purpose3 #ahj1 #aha1 #ahb1 #aib1 #aii1 #bji1 #baa1 #bab1 #bbd1 #bbf1 #bch-gb1 #bhj --,div9e3 #aha1 #bcj1 #bce1 #bgj --,semblance (3 #beg1 #bff1 #bfh ,r ,reaction3 #fh ,reality1 ,! ,real3 #ag1 #bj1 #ce1 #df-eh1 #fj-ga1 #gb1 #gc1 #gd1 #gg1 #ih1 #afe1 #aff1 #aga1 #agb1 #agc1 #age1 #ahd1 #bjj1 #bja1 #bab1 #bad1 #bbc1 #bbf1 #bdg1 #bie ,religion3 #af1 #ah1 #abc1 #adb1 #add1 #adh1 #afa1 #afb1 #agd1 #aha1 #bah1 #bbc1 #bdb1 #bdc1 #bdd1 #bgc ,religi\s consci\sness3 #eb1 #aif1 #aih1 #aii1 #bjf ,retrogression3 #bf1 #bg1 #cb1 #bje1 #bjf1 #bji1 #bai1 #bbe ,revelation3 #ic1 #id1 #bjg1 #bac1 #bad1 #bde1 #bdf --,progressive1 #agh1 #bjd1 #bjh ,s ,sci5ce3 ! base ( optimism1 #ae --n religion1 #ah --is man's notion ( :at happ5s1 #di --& reality1 #ej-b1 #ei1 #fa1 #gb1 #gc --f9ds reason1 does n make x1 #ec1 #fh1 #fi --ideal (1 #ed1 #ee1 #bbj-b --bas$ on exp]i5ce1 #gj1 #bbc1 #bec --purely descriptive1 #ge-hj1 #aib --imp]fectly descriptive1 #bda --me*anical !ory (1 #gi-he --assumptions (1 #ajc-e1 #afi-hc1 #aif --describes sequ5ces & co-exi/5ces1 #aje-h --& necessity1 #aaj1 #aac-ah1 #abe1 #abf1 #acb --& !ory ( design1 #ach-db1 #bfg --& fai?1 #adc-fb1 #ahe1 #bbc --& positivism1 #afe --is ab/ract1 #aid-f1 #bdb --incomplete z explanation1 #bcb1 #bch-dj --laws (1 #dh1 #ajh1 #abd1 #bdj1 #bda1 #bdb1 #beb ,self-det]m9ation3 #abh1 #acj1 #aca1 #acg1 #aga1 #agd1 #agh1 #bah1 #bfa1 #bfd ,self-w3 #bbi ,s5sations3 #eg1 #fa1 #fb1 #fc1 #fd1 #fe1 #ff1 #fh1 #fi1 #gj1 #bia1 #bib1 #bid 7see ,p]ception7 ,s5se-ph5om5a3 #ajb1 #ajc1 #ajg1 #acd1 #age1 #aih1 #bja ,se?1 ,pr(essor3 #gh ,social contract3 #bgh ,society 7an organism73 #i1 #if1 #bej1 #bef1 #bfe 7see ,organism7 ,sociology3 #h1 #hc1 #ij1 #ib1 #if1 #bej1 #bea1 #bfe ,space3 #hb1 #he1 #hg1 #id1 #ig1 #ajb 7see ,matt] & motion7 ,sp5c]1 ,mr4 ,h43 #i1 #ei1 #ff1 #gd1 #gg1 #hj1 #id1 #if1 #bje1 #bdg1 #bfe ,/ates ( consci\sness3 #eg1 #eh1 #fe1 #ff1 #fg1 #fh1 #fi1 #aff 7see ,consci\sness7 ,/ruggle = exi/5ce3 #aj1 #aa1 #ac1 #bj1 #be1 #bh1 #bi1 #afj1 #bdi1 #bej1 #bea1 #beg1 #bgj1 #bgd1 #bgf1 #bgi ,survival ( ! fitte/3 #ac1 #bj1 #bf1 #cb1 #ahe1 #ahf1 #bjc1 #bcj1 #bca1 #bcb1 #bcf1 #bcg1 #bea --( ! fai?ful3 #afj ,t ,teleology3 #bje1 #bcf 7see ,causes1 ,purpose7 ,!ology3 #ada1 #adf ,?+s3 see ,objects ,tru?3 #dj1 #ej1 #ed1 #ee1 #ef1 #eg1 #eh1 #bjh1 #bag1 #bbj 7see also ,ideals7 ,u ,unfai?3 #bbe ,uni=mity ( ! ,div9e ,nature3 #bjb1 #bjf1 #bbi ,uni=mity ( human nature3 #ajc1 #aje1 #ajg1 #aah1 #aba1 #bjb1 #bbi1 #bgb ,uni=mity ( ,nature 7see ,nature7 --( necessity3 #ajg1 #aaa --( w3 #ajg1 #aaa ,univ]sal causation3 #ajb1 #ajg1 #aaa1 #aai1 #abe1 #ace1 #aej 7see ,causation1 ,causes7 ,unkn[able1 ,!3 #ah1 #bj-b1 #ce1 #cf1 #cg1 #dh1 #eg1 #eh1 #fa1 #gj1 #gb1 #aff1 #bdg ,unreal1 ,!3 #gj ,v ,value3 #bcc1 #bdd ,w ,wa/e3 #bce ,w3 #ig-i1 #aaa-cd1 #aeh1 #afa1 #afb1 #afh1 #agb1 #age1 #ahb1 #ahh1 #aij1 #aib1 #bja1 #bae-be1 #bee1 #bfa1 #bfd1 #bfh 7cf4 ,fre$om1 ,necessity7 ,w to believe3 #baf1 #bbb ,,plym\? ,,william ,,br5don ,,& ,,son ,,pr9t]s 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,catalogue ,,( ,,books ,,& ,,ann\ncem5ts ,,( ,,me?u5 ,,& ,,company ,,publi%]s3 ,,london #cf ,,essex ,,/reet ,w4,c4 ,,cont5ts ,,page ,,=?com+ ,,books1 #b ,,poetry1 #ab ,,belles ,,lettres1 ,,an?ologies1 ,,etc4 #ab ,,illu/rat$ ,,& ,,gift ,,books1 #af ,,hi/ory1 #ag ,,biography1 #ai ,,travel1 ,,adv5ture ,,& ,,topography1 #ba ,,naval ,,& ,,milit>y1 #bc ,,g5]al ,,lit]ature1 #bd ,,philosophy1 #bf ,,sci5ce1 #bg ,,!ology1 #bg ,,fiction1 #cb ,,books ,,= ,,boys ,,& ,,girls1 #db ,,! ,,peacock ,,libr>y1 #db ,,univ]sity ,,ext5sion ,,s]ies1 #db ,,social ,,que/ions ,,( ,,to-,,day1 #dc ,,classical ,,translations1 #dd ,,educational ,,books1 #dd ,,octob] #aija ,,octob] #aija ,,messrs4 ,,me?u5',s ,,ann\ncem5ts ,,belles ,,lettres ,,dante ,,/udies ,,& ,,rese>*es4 ,by ,,paget ,,toynbee1 ,d4,litt41 ,m4,a4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,among ! subjects dealt ) are ',dante's ,lat9 ,diction>y1' ',dante & ! ,lancelot ,romance1' ,dante's ref]5ces to ,py?agoras1 ,dante's obligations to ,alfraganus1 to ,orosius1 to ,alb]tus ,magnus2 ,dante's !ories z to ! spots on ! moon1 ! sev5 examples ( munific5ce 9 ! ,convivio1 ! ,comm5t>y ( ,b5v5utoda ,imola on ! ,div9a ,comm$ia1 etc41 etc4 ,me?u5's ,/&>d ,libr>y ,,! ,,fr5* ,,revolution4 ,by ,,?omas ,,c>lyle4 ,edit$ by ,c4 ,r4 ,l4 ,,flet*]1 ,fell[ ( ,magdal5 ,college1 ,ox=d4 ,?ree ,volumes4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ea*4 ,?is edition is magnific5tly equipp$ ) notes by a s*ol> :o has giv5 ?ree ye>s to its prep>ation4 ,,! ,,life ,,& ,,lett]s ,,( ,,oliv] ,,cromwell4 ,by ,,?omas ,,c>lyle4 ,) an ,introduction by ,c4 ,h4 ,,fir?1 ,m4,a41 & ,notes & ,app5dices by ,mrs4 ,,lomas4 ,?ree ,volumes4 #fs4 ea*4 ,?is edition is br\ght up to ! /&>d ( mod]n s*ol>%ip by ! addition ( num]\s new lett]s ( ,cromwell1 & by ! correction ( _m errors :i* rec5t rese>* has discov]$4 ,,critical ,,& ,,hi/orical ,,essays4 ,by ,,"l ,,macaulay4 ,edit$ by ,f4 ,c4 ,,montague1 ,m4,a4 ,?ree ,volumes4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ea*4 ,! only edition ( ?is book completely annotat$4 ,little ,biographies ,fcap4 #hvo4 ,ea* ,volume1 clo?1 #cs4 #f;d42 lea!r1 #ds4 net4 ,messrs4 ,,me?u5 are publi%+ a new s]ies be>+ ! above title4 ,ea* book conta9s ! biography ( a "* fam\s 9 w>1 art1 lit]ature or sci5ce1 & is writt5 by an ackn[l$g$ exp]t4 ,! books are *>m+ly produc$ & well illu/rat$4 ,!y =m delightful gift books4 ,,! ,,life ,,( ,,john ,,h[>d4 ,by ,e4 ,c4 ,s4 ,,gibson1 ,d4,d41 ,vic> ( ,le$s4 ,) #ab ,illu/rations4 ,! ,works ( ,%akespe>e ,messrs4 ,,me?u5 are publi%+ an ,edition ( ,%akespe>e 9 s+le ,plays4 ,ea* play is edit$ ) a full ,introduction1 ,textual ,notes1 & a ,comm5t>y at ! foot ( ! page4 ,,k+ ,,le>4 ,edit$ by ,w4 ,j4 ,,craig4 ,demy #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,! ,little ,libr>y ',! volumes are compact 9 size1 pr9t$ on ?9 b good pap] 9 cle> type1 prettily & at ! same "t /rongly b\nd1 & altoge!r good to look ^u & h&le4'--,outlook4 ,pott #hvo4 ,ea* ,volume1 clo?1 #as4 #f;d4 net2 lea!r1 #bs4 #f;d4 net4 ,messrs4 ,,me?u5 are produc+ a s]ies ( small books "u ! above title1 conta9+ "s ( ! fam\s books 9 ,engli% & o!r lit]atures1 9 ! doma9s ( fiction1 poetry1 & belles lettres4 ,! s]ies conta9s sev]al volumes ( selections 9 prose & v]se4 ,! books are edit$ ) ! mo/ sympa!tic & s*ol>ly c>e4 ,ea* "o conta9s an ,introduction :i* gives 7#a7 a %ort biography ( ! au?or1 7#b7 a critical e/imate ( ! book4 ,:]e !y are necess>y1 %ort notes are add$ at ! foot ( ! page4 ,ea* book has a portrait or frontispiece 9 photogravure1 & ! volumes are produc$ ) great c>e 9 a /yle uni=m ) t ( ',! ,libr>y ( ,devotion4' ,,*ri/mas ,,books4 ,by ,w4 ,m4 ,,?ack]ay4 ,edit$ by ,s4 ,,gwynn4 ,,esmond4 ,by ,w4 ,m4 ,,?ack]ay4 ,edit$ by ,s4 ,,gwynn4 ,two volumes4 ,,*ri/mas ,,books4 ,by ,,*>les ,,dick5s4 ,edit$ by ,,george ,,giss+4 ,two volumes4 ,,! ,,compleat ,,angl]4 ,by ,,isaac ,,walton4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,,bu*an4 ,,! ,,essays ,,( ,,elia2 ,fir/ & ,second ,s]ies4 ,by ,,*>les ,,lamb4 ,edit$ by ,e4 ,v4 ,,lucas4 ,,! ,,engli% ,,poems ,,( ,,ri*>d ,,cra%aw4 ,edit$ by ,,edw>d ,,hutton4 ,a ,,s5tim5tal ,,j\rney4 ,by ,,laur5ce ,,/]ne4 ,edit$ by ,h4 ,w4 ,,paul4 ,,! ,,p>adiso ,,( ,,dante4 ,translat$ by ,h4 ,f4 ,,c>y4 ,edit$ by ,,paget ,,toynbee4 ,,caliph ,,va!k4 ,by ,,william ,,beck=d4 ,edit$ by ,e4 ,d4 ,,ross4 4 4 4 4 4 ,,illu/rat$ ,,books ,,& ,,books ,,= ,,*ildr5 ,,! ,,bro!rs ,,dalziel3 be+ a ,record ( ,fifty ,ye>s ( _! ,"w1 #ahdj-ahij4 ,) #aej ,illu/rations aft] ,pictures by ,"l ,,leighton1 ,p4,r4,a41 ,sir ,j4 ,e4 ,,millais1 ,b>t41 ,p4,r4,a41 ,sir ,e4 ,j4 ,,poynt]1 ,p4,r4,a41 ,,holman ,,hunt1 ,,dante ,g4 ,,rossetti1 ,sir ,,john ,,t5niel1 ,,john ,,rusk91 & _m o!rs4 ,qu>to4 #bas4 net4 ,,! ,,essays ,,( ,,elia4 ,by ,,*>les ,,lamb4 ,) #gj ,illu/rations by ,a4 ,,g>? ,,jones1 & an ,introduction by ,e4 ,v4 ,,lucas4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,?is is probably ! mo/ beautiful edition ( ,lamb's ,essays t has ev] be5 publi%$4 ,! illu/rations display ! mo/ rem>kable sympa?y1 insight1 & skill1 & ! introduction is by a critic ^: k ( ,lamb is unrivall$4 ,,! ,,visit ,,to ,,london4 ,describ$ 9 v]se by ,e4 ,v4 ,,lucas1 & 9 col\r$ pictures by ,f4 ,d4 ,,b$=d4 ,small #dto4 #fs4 ,?is *>m+ book describes ! introduction ( a c\ntry *ild to ! delights & sights ( ,london4 ,x is ! result ( a well-kn[n p>tn]%ip betwe5 au?or & arti/4 ,! ,little ,blue ,books = ,*ildr5 ,edit$ by ,e4 ,v4 ,,lucas ,illu/rat$4 ,squ>e ,fcap1 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,messrs4 ,,me?u5 h 9 prep>ation a s]ies ( *ildr5's books "u ! above g5]al title4 ,! aim ( ! editor is to get ent]ta9+ or excit+ /ories ab\t normal *ildr51 ! moral ( :i* is impli$ r ?an express$4 ,! books w be reproduc$ 9 a some:at unusual =m1 :i* w h a c]ta9 *>m ( its own4 ,! fir/ ?ree volumes arrang$ are3 #a4 ,,! ,,ca/aways ,,( ,,mead[ ,,bank4 ,by ,t4 ,,cobb4 #b4 ,,! ,,bee*nut ,,book4 ,by ,,jacob ,,abbott4 ,edit$ by ,e4 ,v4 ,,lucas4 #c4 ,,! ,,air ,,gun3 or1 ,h[ ! ,ma/]mans & ,dobson ,major ne>ly lo/ _! ,holidays4 ,by ,t4 ,,hilb]t4 4 4 4 4 4 ,,hi/ory ,,cromwell',s ,,army3 ,a ,hi/ory ( ! ,engli% ,soldi] dur+ ! ,civil ,w>s1 ! ,commonweal?1 & ! ,protectorate4 ,by ,c4 ,h4 ,,fir?1 ,m4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,an elaborate /udy & description ( ,cromwell's army by :i* ! victory ( ! ,p>liam5t 0 secur$4 ,! ',new ,model' is describ$ 9 m9ute detail1 & ! au?or1 :o is "o ( ! mo/ di/+ui%$ hi/orians ( ! day1 has made great use ( unpubli%$ ,,mss4 ,,annals ,,( ,,*ri/',s ,,hospital4 ,by ,e4 ,h4 ,,pe>ce1 ,m4,a4 ,) num]\s illu/rations4 ,demy #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,a ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,russia ,,f ,,pet] ,,! ,,great ,,to ,,alex&] ,,ii4 ,by ,w4 ,r4 ,,morfill1 ,jesus ,college1 ,ox=d4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,?is hi/ory1 by ! mo/ di/+ui%$ au?ority 9 ,engl&1 is f\nd$ on a /udy ( orig9al docum5ts1 & ?\gh necess>ily brief1 is ! mo/ compreh5sive n>rative 9 exi/5ce4 ,consid]able att5tion has be5 paid to ! social & lit]>y developm5t ( ! c\ntry1 & ! rec5t expansion ( ,russia 9 ,asia4 ,a ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,police ,,9 ,,engl&4 ,by ,capta9 ,,melville ,,lee4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,?is highly int]e/+ book is ! fir/ hi/ory ( ! police =ce f its fir/ beg9n+ to its pres5t developm5t4 ,writt5 z x is by an au?or ( compet5t hi/orical & legal qualifications1 x w be indisp5sable to e magi/rate & to all :o are indirectly int]e/$ 9 ! police =ce4 ,a ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,engli% ,,lit]ature3 ,f its ,beg9n+ to ,t5nyson4 ,by ,l4 ,,engel4 ,demy #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,a ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,briti% ,,9 ,,india4 ,by ,a4 ,d4 ,,innes1 ,m4,a4 ,) ,maps & ,plans4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 4 4 4 4 4 ,,biography ,,! ,,life ,,( ,,rob]t ,,l\is ,,/ev5son4 ,by ,,graham ,,balf\r4 ,two ,volumes4 ,demy #hvo4 #bes4 net4 ,?is highly int]e/+ biography has be5 entru/$ by ,mr4 ,/ev5son's family to 8 c\s91 ,mr4 ,balf\r1 & all available mat]ials h be5 plac$ at 8 disposal4 ,! book is ri* 9 unpubli%$ ,,mss4 & lett]s1 di>ies ( travel1 rem9isc5ces ( fri5ds1 & a valuable fragm5t ( autobiography4 ,x also conta9s a complete bibliography ( all ,/ev5son's "w4 ,?is biography ( "o ( ! mo/ attractive & sympa!tic p]sonalities 9 ,engli% lit]ature %\ld possess a mo/ fasc9at+ int]e/4 ,! book w be uni=m ) ,! ,ed9burgh ,edition4 ,,! ,,life ,,( ,,fran,,ois ,,de ,,f5elon4 ,by ,,visc\nt ,,/4 ,,cyres4 ,) #h ,portraits4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,?is biography has engag$ ! au?or = _m ye>s1 & ! book is n only ! /udy ( an int]e/+ p]sonality1 b an important contribution to ! hi/ory ( ! p]iod4 ,,! ,,conv]sations ,,( ,,james ,,nor?cote1 ,r4,a4 ,,& ,,james ,,w>d4 ,edit$ by ,,erne/ ,,flet*]4 ,) _m ,portraits4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,?is highly int]e/+1 racy1 & /imulat+ book1 conta9s hi!rto unpubli%$ utt]ances ( ,nor?cote dur+ a p]iod ( tw5ty-"o ye>s4 ,!re are _m rem9isc5ces ( ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds1 mu* advice to "y pa9t]s1 & _m ref]5ces to ! great arti/s & great figures ( ! day4 4 4 4 4 4 ,,travel1 ,,adv5ture ,,& ,,topography ,,head-,,hunt]s1 ,,black1 ,,:ite1 ,,& ,,br[n4 ,by ,a4 ,c4 ,,haddon1 ,sc4,d41 ,f4,r4,s4 ,) _m ,illu/rations & a ,map4 ,demy #hvo4 #aes4 ,a n>rative ( adv5ture & exploration 9 ,nor!rn ,borneo4 ,x conta9s mu* matt] ( ! highe/ sci5tific int]e/4 ,a ,,book ,,( ,,brittany4 ,by ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,uni=m 9 scope & size ) ,mr4 ,b>+ ,g\ld's well-kn[n books on ,devon1 ,cornwall1 & ,d>tmoor4 4 4 4 4 4 ,,g5]al ,,lit]ature ,,wom5 ,,& ,,_! ,,"w4 ,by ! ,hon4 ,mrs4 ,,lyttelton4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,a discussion ( ! pres5t position ( wom5 9 view ( ! v>i\s occupations & int]e/s :i* are or may be op5 to !m4 ,!re w be an introduction deal+ ) ! g5]al "q1 foll[$ by *apt]s on ! family1 ! h\sehold1 philan?ropic "w1 pr(essions1 recreation1 & fri5d%ip4 ,,engli% ,,villages4 ,by ,p4 ,h4 ,,dit*field1 ,m4,a41 ,f4,s4,a4 ,illu/rat$4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,a popul> & int]e/+ acc\nt ( ! hi/ory ( a typical village1 & ( village life 9 g5]al 9 ,engl&4 ,,sport+ ,,memories4 ,by ,j4 ,,o?o ,,paget4 ,demy #hvo4 #abs4 #f;d4 ,?is volume ( rem9isc5ces by a well-kn[n sportsman & ,ma/] ( ,h\nds deals *iefly ) fox-hunt+ exp]i5ces4 4 4 4 4 4 ,,sci5ce ,,dragons ,,( ,,! ,,air4 ,by ,h4 ,g4 ,,seeley1 ,f4,r4,s41 ,) _m ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,a popul> hi/ory ( ! mo/ rem>kable fly+ animals :i* ev] liv$4 ,_! relations to mammals1 birds1 & reptiles1 liv+ & ext9ct1 are %[n by an orig9al s]ies ( illu/rations4 ,! scatt]$ rema9s pres]v$ 9 ,europe & ! ,unit$ ,/ates h be5 put toge!r accurately to %[ ! v>i$ =ms ( ! animals4 ,! book is a natural hi/ory ( ^! ext9ct animals1 :i* flew by means ( a s+le f+]4 4 4 4 4 4 ,,!ology ,,regnum ,,dei4 ,,! ,,bampton ,,lectures ,,( #aija4 ,by ,a4 ,,rob]tson1 ,d4,d41 ,pr9cipal ( ,k+'s ,college1 ,london4 ,demy #hvo4 #abs4 #f;d4 net4 ,?is book is an endeav\r to asc]ta9 ! mean+ ( ! ',k+dom ( ,god' 9 its orig9al prom95ce 9 ! tea*+ ( ,*ri/4 ,x reviews hi/orically ! ma9 int]pretations ( ?is c5tral idea 9 ! successive phases ( ,*ri/ian tradition & life4 ,special att5tion is giv5 to ! s5se 9 :i* ,/4 ,augu/9e id5tifi$ ! ,*ur* ) ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,! lat] lectures foll[ out ! alt]native ideas ( ! ,*ur*1 & ( its relation to civil society :i* ! ,middle ,ages & m rec5t types ( ,*ri/ian ?\ght h f\nd$ ^u alt]native conceptions ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,,old ,,te/am5t ,,hi/ory4 ,by ,g4 ,w4 ,,wade1 ,d4,d4 ,) ,maps4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,?is book pres5ts a connect$ acc\nt ( ! ,hebrew p dur+ ! p]iod cov]$ by ! ,old ,te/am5t2 & has be5 drawn up f ! ,scripture records 9 accordance ) ! me?ods ( hi/orical criticism4 ,! text ( ! ,bible has be5 /udi$ 9 ! light ?r[n ^u x by ! be/ mod]n comm5tators2 b ! reasons = ! conclusions /at$ are n left to be s\ght = 9 ! comm5t>ies1 b are discuss$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! n>rative4 ,mu* att5tion has be5 devot$ to trac+ ! progress ( religion among/ ! ,hebrews1 & ! book1 :i* is furni%$ ) maps1 is fur!r adapt$ to ! ne$s ( !ological /ud5ts by ! addition ( geographical notes1 tables1 & a full index4 ,,! ,,agape ,,& ,,! ,,eu*>i/4 ,by ,j4 ,f4 ,,keat+1 ,d4,d4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,! ,,imitation ,,( ,,*ri/4 ,a ,revis$ ,translation1 ) an ,introduction1 by ,c4 ,,bigg1 ,d4,d41 ,canon ( ,*ri/ ,*ur*4 ,) ,frontispiece4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,a new edition1 c>efully revis$ & set 9 l>ge type1 ( ,dr4 ,bigg's well-kn[n v]sion4 ,ox=d ,comm5t>ies ,g5]al ,editor1 ,,walt] ,,lock1 ,d4,d41 ,w>d5 ( ,keble ,college1 ,dean ,irel&'s ,pr(essor ( ,exegesis 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,ox=d4 ,,! ,,acts ,,( ,,! ,,apo/les3 ,) ,introduction & ,notes by ,r4 ,b4 ,,rackham1 ,m4,a4 ,demy #hvo4 #abs4 #f;d4 ,! ,*ur*man's ,libr>y ,g5]al ,editor1 ,j4 ,h4 ,,burn1 ,b4,d41 ,exam9+ ,*apla9 to ! ,bi%op ( ,ab]de54 ,,! ,,old ,,te/am5t ,,& ,,! ,,new ,,s*ol>%ip4 ,by ,j4 ,w4 ,,pet]s1 ,d4,d4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,,comp>ative ,,religion4 ,by ,j4 ,a4 ,,maccullock4 ,cr[n #hvo4 ,,! ,,*ur* ,,( ,,*ri/4 ,by ,e4 ,t4 ,,gre54 ,cr[n #hvo4 ,a ,,popul> ,,introduction ,,to ,,! ,,old ,,te/am5t4 ,edit$ by ,a4 ,m4 ,,mackay4 ,cr[n #hvo4 ,! ,*ur*man's ,bible ,g5]al ,editor1 ,j4 ,h4 ,,burn1 ,b4,d4 ,messrs4 ,,me?u5 are issu+ a s]ies ( expositions ^u mo/ ( ! books ( ! ,bible4 ,! volumes w be practical & devotional1 & ! text ( ! au?oris$ v]sion is expla9$ 9 sections1 :i* w correspond z f> z possible ) ! ,*ur* ,lection>y4 ,,isaiah4 ,edit$ by ,w4 ,e4 ,,b>nes1 ,d4,d41 ,fell[ ( ,pet]h\se1 ,cambridge4 ,two ,volumes4 #bs4 net ea*4 ,,! ,,epi/le ,,( ,,/4 ,,paul ,,! ,,apo/le ,,to ,,! ,,ephesians4 ,edit$ by ,g4 ,h4 ,,:itak]4 #as4 #f;d4 net4 ,! ,libr>y ( ,devotion ,pott #hvo1 clo?1 #bs42 lea!r1 #bs4 #f;d4 net4 ',?is s]ies is excell5t4'--,,! ,,bi%op ,,( ,,london4 ',v delightful4'--,,! ,,bi%op ,,( ,,ba? ,,& ,,wells4 ',well wor? ! att5tion ( ! ,cl]gy4'--,,! ,,bi%op ,,( ,,li*field4 ',! new ,libr>y ( ,devotion is excell5t4'--,,! ,,bi%op ,,( ,,pet]bor\gh4 ',*>m+4'--,record4 ',delightful4'--,*ur* ,bells4 ,,! ,,?\ghts ,,( ,,pascal4 ,edit$ ) an ,introduction & ,notes by ,c4 ,s4 ,,j]ram1 ,m4,a4 ,,on ,,! ,,love ,,( ,,god4 ,by ,,/4 ,,francis ,,de ,,sales4 ,edit$ by ,w4 ,j4 ,,knox-,,little1 ,m4,a4 ,a ,,manual ,,( ,,consolation ,,f ,,! ,,sa9ts ,,& ,,fa!rs4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,h4 ,,burn1 ,b4,d4 ,,! ,,song ,,( ,,songs4 ,be+ ,selections f ,,/4 ,,b]n>d4 ,edit$ by ,b4 ,,blaxl&1 ,m4,a4 ,lead]s ( ,religion ,edit$ by ,h4 ,c4 ,bee*+1 ,m4,a4 ,) ,portraits1 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,a s]ies ( %ort biographies ( ! mo/ prom95t lead]s ( religi\s life & ?\ght ( all ages & c\ntries4 ,,bi%op ,,butl]4 ,by ,w4 ,a4 ,,spoon]1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ ( ,new ,college1 ,ox=d4 4 4 4 4 4 ,,educational ,,books ,,comm]cial ,,education ,,9 ,,!ory ,,& ,,practice4 ,by ,e4 ,e4 ,,:itfield1 ,m4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #es4 ,an introduction to ,me?u5's ,comm]cial ,s]ies treat+ ! "q ( ,comm]cial ,education fully f bo? ! po9t ( view ( ! tea*] & ( ! p>5t4 ,,easy ,,greek ,,ex]cises4 ,by ,c4 ,g4 ,,bott+1 ,m4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 ,,g]man ,,vocabul>ies ,,= ,,repetition4 ,by ,,sophie ,,wright4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,! ,,_w ,,outside ,,! ,,briti% ,,empire3 ,a ,comm]cial ,geography4 ,by ,f4 ,c4 ,,boon4 ,cr[n #hvo4 ,,junior ,,exam9ation ,,s]ies4 ,edit$ by ,a4 ,m4 ,m4 ,,/$man1 ,m4,a4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 ,,fr5* ,,exam9ation ,,pap]s4 ,by ,f4 ,,jacob1 ,b4,a4 ,,lat9 ,,exam9ation ,,pap]s4 ,by ,c4 ,g4 ,,bott+1 ,m4,a4 ,,algebra ,,exam9ation ,,pap]s4 ,by ,,au/5 ,s4 ,,le/]1 ,m4,a4 ,,engli% ,,gramm> ,,exam9ation ,,pap]s4 ,by ,w4 ,,williamson1 ,b4,a4 4 4 4 4 4 ,,fiction ,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,sir ,,ri*>d ,,calmady3 ,a ,romance4 ,by ,,lucas ,,malet1 ,au?or ( ',! ,wages ( ,s94' ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,?is is ! fir/ long & elaborate book by ,lucas ,malet s9ce ',! ,wages ( ,s94' ,x is a romance on reali/ic l9es1 & w c]ta9ly be "o ( ! mo/ important novels ( ! la/ t5 ye>s4 ,?is novel1 ! sc5e ( :i* is laid 9 ! moorl& c\ntry ( ! nor!rn "p ( ,hamp%ire1 9 ,london1 & 9 ,naples1 op5s 9 ! ye> ( grace #ahdb4 ,! action cov]s a p]iod ( ab\t ?ree & ?irty ye>s2 & deals ) ! exp]i5ces & adv5tures ( an ,engli% c\ntry g5tleman ( an ess5tially normal type ( "*1 subject$--ow+ to some:at di/ress+ antec$5t circum/ances--to v abnormal conditions ( life4 ,! book is frankly a romance2 b x is also frankly a reali/ic & mod]n "o4 ,,! ,,s]i\s ,,woo+3 ,a ,he>t's ,hi/ory4 ,by ,mrs4 ,,craigie 7,,john ,,oliv] ,,hobbes71 ,au?or ( ',rob]t ,orange4' ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,,light ,,freights4 ,by ,w4 ,w4 ,,jacobs1 ,au?or ( ',_m ,c>goes4' ,illu/rat$4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,a volume ( /ories by ,mr4 ,jacobs uni=m 9 "* & appe>ance ) ',_m ,c>goes4' ,,clem5t9a4 ,by ,a4 ,e4 ,w4 ,,mason1 ,au?or ( ',! ,c\rt%ip ( ,morrice ,buckl]1' ',mir&a ( ! ,balcony1' etc4 ,illu/rat$4 ,cr[n #hvo #fs4 ,a spirit$ romance ( ! ,jacobites some:at aft] ! mann] ( ',morrice ,buckl]4' ,! ,old ,pret5d] is introduc$ z "o ( ! *ief *>act]s4 ,a ,,woman ,,alone4 ,by ,mrs4 ,w4 ,k4 ,,clif=d1 ,au?or ( ',aunt ,anne4' ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,a volume ( /ories4 ,,! ,,/rik+ ,,h\rs4 ,by ,,ed5 ,,phillpotts1 ,au?or ( ',*ildr5 ( ! ,mi/1' ',sons ( ! ,morn+1' etc4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,! annals ( a ,devon village1 conta9+ mu* matt] ( humor\s & pa!tic int]e/4 ,,fancy ,,free4 ,by ,,ed5 ,,phillpotts1 ,au?or ( ',*ildr5 ( ! ,mi/4' ,illu/rat$4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,a humor\s book4 ,uni=m ) ',! ,human ,boy4' ,,tales ,,( ,,dun/able ,,weir4 ,by ,,gw5dol9e ,,keats 7,,zack74 ,au?or ( ',life is ,life4' ,) ,photogravure ,frontispiece by ,e4 ,f4 ,,h>trick4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,a volume ( /ories aft] ! /yle ( ',zack's' well-kn[n fir/ book ',life is ,life4' ,,angel4 ,by ,mrs4 ,b4 ,m4 ,,crok]4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,,! ,,prophet ,,( ,,b]keley ,,squ>e4 ,by ,,rob]t ,,hi*5s1 ,au?or ( ',flames1' ',tongues ( ,consci5ce1' etc4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,a new long novel4 ,,! ,,ali54 ,by ,f4 ,f4 ,,montresor1 ,au?or ( ',into ! ,highways & ,h$ges4' ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,,! ,,emb>rass+ ,,orphan4 ,by ,w4 ,e4 ,,norris4 ,illu/rat$4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,,royal ,,georgie4 ,by ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld1 ,au?or ( ',mehalah4' ,) eight ,illu/rations by ,d4 ,,murray ,,smi?4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,,=tune',s ,,d>l+4 ,by ,,walt] ,,raymond1 ,au?or ( ',love & ,quiet ,life4' ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,,! ,,million4 ,by ,,doro!a ,,g]>d1 ,au?or ( ',lady ,baby4' ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,,f ,,! ,,l& ,,( ,,! ,,%amrock4 ,by ,,jane ,,b>l[1 ,au?or ( ',iri% ,idylls4' ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,,! ,,woo+ ,,( ,,%eila4 ,by ,,grace ,,rhys4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,,rick]by',s ,,folly4 ,by ,,tom ,,gallon1 ,au?or ( ',kiddy4' ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,a ,,great ,,lady4 ,by ,,adel9e ,,s]geant1 ,au?or ( ',! ,/ory ( a ,p5it5t ,s\l4' ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,,m>y ,,hamilton4 ,by ,,"l ,,erne/ ,,hamilton4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,,ma/] ,,( ,,m54 ,by ,e4 ,,phillips ,,opp5heim4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,,bo? ,,sides ,,( ,,! ,,veil4 ,by ,,ri*>d ,,m>%1 ,au?or ( ',! ,se5 & ! ,unse54' ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,a ,,gallant ,,quak]4 ,by ,mrs4 ,,rob]ton4 ,illu/rat$ by ,h4 ,f4 ,,buckl&4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,,! ,,?irte5 ,,ev5+s4 ,by ,,george ,,b>tram1 ,au?or ( ',! ,p ( ,clopton4' ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,,! ,,skirts ,,( ,,happy ,,*ance4 ,by ,h4 ,b4 ,,m>riott ,,watson4 ,illu/rat$4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,a ,,fool',s ,,ye>4 ,by ,e4 ,h4 ,,coop]1 ,au?or ( ',mr4 ,blake ( ,newm>ket4' ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,?is book1 l mo/ ( ,mr4 ,coop]'s novels1 is *iefly conc]n$ ) sport & rac+4 ,,! ,,ye> ,,"o3 ,a ,page ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution4 ,by ,j4 ,,bl\ndelle ,,burton1 ,au?or ( ',! ,cla% ( ,arms4' ,illu/rat$4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,,! ,,deva/ators4 ,by ,,ada ,,cambridge1 ,au?or ( ',pa? & ,goal4' ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,,! ,,=tune ,,( ,,*ri/9a ,m',,nab4 ,by ,s4 ,,macnaughton4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,,john ,,topp3 ,pirate4 ,by ,,wea!rby ,,*esney4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,! ,noveli/ ,messrs4 ,,me?u5 are issu+ "u ! above g5]al title a ,mon?ly ,s]ies ( ,novels by popul> au?ors at ! price ( ,sixp5ce4 ,ea* ,numb] is z long z ! av]age ,six ,%ill+ ,novel4 ,,xxiii4 ,,! ,,human ,,boy4 ,,ed5 ,,phillpotts4 ,,xxiv4 ,,! ,,*ronicles ,,( ,,c\nt ,,antonio4 ,,an?ony ,,hope4 ,,xxv4 ,,by ,,/roke ,,( ,,sword4 ,,&rew ,,balf\r4 ,,xxvi4 ,,kitty ,,alone4 ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld4 ,octob]4 ,me?u5's ,sixp5ny ,libr>y ,a ,new ,s]ies ( ,copyright ,books4 ,,! ,,conque/ ,,( ,,london4 ,,doro!a ,,g]>d4 ,a ,,voyage ,,( ,,consolation4 ,,s>a ,j4 ,,duncan4 ,,! ,,mutable ,,_m4 ,,rob]t ,,b>r4 ,a ,,catalogue ,,( ,,messrs4 ,,me?u5',s ,,publications ,,poetry ,rudy>d ,kipl+4 ,,b>rack-,,room ,,ballads4 ,by ,,rudy>d ,,kipl+4 #fh? ,?\s&4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,lea!r1 #fs4 net4 ',mr4 ,kipl+'s v]se is /rong1 vivid1 full ( "*4444 ,unmi/akeable g5ius r+s 9 e l9e4'--,times4 ',! ballads teem ) imag9ation1 !y palpitate ) emotion4 ,we read !m ) laught] & te>s2 ! metres ?rob 9 our pulses1 ! cunn+ly ord]$ words t+le ) life2 & if ?is be n poetry1 :at is8'--,pall ,mall ,gazette4 ,rudy>d ,kipl+4 ,,! ,,sev5 ,,seas4 ,by ,,rudy>d ,,kipl+4 #eg? ,?\s&4 ,cr4 #hvo4 ,buckram1 gilt top4 #fs4 ,lea!r1 #fs4 net4 ',! ,empire has f\nd a s+]2 x is no depreciation ( ! songs to say t /atesm5 may h1 "o way or o!r1 to take acc\nt ( !m4'--,man*e/] ,gu>dian4 ',animat$ ?r\gh & ?r\gh ) indubitable g5ius4'--,daily ,telegraph4 ,q4 ,,poems ,,& ,,ballads4 ,by ,q4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,q4 ,,gre5 ,,bays3 ,v]ses & ,p>odies4 ,by ,q4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,h4 ,ibs54 ,,br&4 ,a ,drama by ,,h5rik ,,ibs54 ,translat$ by ,,william ,,wilson4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,a4 ,d4 ,godley4 ,,lyra ,,frivola4 ,by ,a4 ,d4 ,,godley1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ ( ,magdal5 ,college1 ,ox=d4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,pott #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ',comb9es a pretty wit ) rem>kably neat v]sification4444 ,e "o w wi% !re 0 m ( x4'--,times4 ,a4 ,d4 ,godley4 ,,v]ses ,,to ,,ord]4 ,by ,a4 ,d4 ,,godley4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 net4 ,j4 ,g4 ,cord]y4 ,,! ,,odyssey ,,( ,,hom]4 ,a ,translation by ,j4 ,g4 ,,cord]y4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,h]b]t ,tr5*4 ,,deirdre ,,w$3 & ,o!r ,poems4 ,by ,,h]b]t ,,tr5*4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #es4 ,edg> ,wallace4 ,,writ ,,9 ,,b>racks4 ,by ,,edg> ,,wallace4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,belles ,,lettres1 ,,an?ologies1 ,,etc4 ,r4 ,l4 ,/ev5son4 ,,vailima ,,lett]s4 ,by ,,rob]t ,,l\is ,,/ev5son4 ,) an ,et*$ ,portrait by ,,william ,,/rang4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 ,buckram4 #fs4 ',a fasc9at+ book4'--,/&>d4 ',unique 9 ,lit]ature4'--,daily ,*ronicle4 ,g4 ,wyndham4 ,,! ,,poems ,,( ,,william ,,%akespe>e4 ,edit$ ) an ,introduction & ,notes by ,,george ,,wyndham1 ,m4,p4 ,demy #hvo4 ,buckram1 gilt top4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,?is edition conta9s ! ',v5us1' ',lucrece1' & ,sonnets1 & is prefac$ ) an elaborate introduction ( ov] #adj pp4 ',we h no hesitation 9 describ+ ,mr4 ,george ,wyndham's introduction z a ma/]ly piece ( criticism1 & all :o love our ,elizabe?an lit]ature w f9d a v g>d5 ( delight 9 x4'--,spectator4 ,edw>d ,fitz,gerald4 ,,! ,,rubaiyat ,,( ,,om> ,,khayyam4 ,translat$ by ,,edw>d ,,fitzg]ald4 ,) a ,comm5t>y by ,h4 ,m4 ,,batson1 & a ,biography ( ,om> by ,e4 ,d4 ,,ross4 #fs4 ,also an ,edition on l>ge pap] limit$ to #ej copies4 ',"o ( ! mo/ desirable ( ! _m repr9ts ( ,om>4'--,glasg[ ,h]ald4 ,w4 ,e4 ,h5ley4 ,,engli% ,,lyrics4 ,select$ & ,edit$ by ,w4 ,e4 ,,h5ley4 ,cr[n #hvo4 ,gilt top4 #cs4 #f;d4 ',x is a body ( *oice & lovely poetry4'--,birm+ham ,gazette4 ,h5ley & ,:ibley4 ,a ,,book ,,( ,,engli% ,,prose4 ,collect$ by ,w4 ,e4 ,,h5ley & ,,*>les ,,:ibley4 ,cr[n #hvo4 ,buckram1 gilt top4 #fs4 ,h4 ,c4 ,bee*+4 ,,lyra ,,sacra3 ,an ,an?ology ( ,sacr$ ,v]se4 ,edit$ by ,h4 ,c4 ,,bee*+1 ,m4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 ,buckram4 #fs4 ',a *>m+ selection1 :i* ma9ta9s a l(ty /&>d ( excell5ce4'--,times4 ,q4 ,,! ,,gold5 ,,pomp4 ,a ,procession ( ,engli% ,lyrics4 ,arrang$ by ,a4 ,t4 ,,quill] ,,c\*4 ,cr[n #hvo4 ,buckram4 #fs4 ,w4 ,b4 ,yeats4 ,,an ,,an?ology ,,( ,,iri% ,,v]se4 ,edit$ by ,w4 ,b4 ,,yeats4 ,revis$ & ,enl>g$ ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,w4 ,m4 ,dixon4 ,a ,,prim] ,,( ,,t5nyson4 ,by ,w4 ,m4 ,,dixon1 ,m4,a4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ',mu* s\nd & well-express$ criticism4 ,! bibliography is a boon4'--,speak]4 ,w4 ,a4 ,craigie4 ,a ,,prim] ,,( ,,burns4 ,by ,w4 ,a4 ,,craigie4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ',a valuable addition to ! lit]ature ( ! poet4'--,times4 ,g4 ,w4 ,/eev5s4 ,,monologues ,,( ,,! ,,dead4 ,by ,g4 ,w4 ,,/eev5s4 ,foolscap #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,l4 ,magnus4 ,a ,,prim] ,,( ,,wordswor?4 ,by ,,laurie ,,magnus4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ',a valuable contribution to ,wordswor?ian lit]ature4'--,lit]ature4 ,/]ne4 ,,! ,,life ,,& ,,op9ions ,,( ,,tri/ram ,,%&y4 ,by ,,lawr5ce ,,/]ne4 ,) an ,introduction by ,,*>les ,,:ibley1 & a ,portrait4 #b vols4 #gs4 ,congreve4 ,,! ,,com$ies ,,( ,,william ,,congreve4 ,) an ,introduction by ,g4 ,s4 ,,/reet1 & a ,portrait4 #b vols4 #gs4 ,mori]4 ,,! ,,adv5tures ,,( ,,hajji ,,baba ,,( ,,ispahan4 ,by ,,james ,,mori]4 ,) an ,introduction by ,e4 ,g4 ,,br[ne1 ,m4,a4 & a ,portrait4 #b vols4 #gs4 ,walton4 ,,! ,,lives ,,( ,,donne1 ,,wotton1 ,,hook]1 ,,h]b]t ,,& ,,s&]son4 ,by ,,izaak ,,walton4 ,) an ,introduction by ,,v]non ,,blackburn1 & a ,portrait4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,johnson4 ,,! ,,lives ,,( ,,! ,,engli% ,,poets4 ,by ,,samuel ,,johnson1 ,,ll4,d4 ,) an ,introduction by ,j4 ,h4 ,,mill>1 & a ,portrait4 #c vols4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,burns4 ,,! ,,poems ,,( ,,rob]t ,,burns4 ,edit$ by ,,&rew ,,lang & ,w4 ,a4 ,,craigie4 ,) ,portrait4 ,second ,edition4 ,demy #hvo1 gilt top4 #fs4 ,f4 ,langbridge4 ,,ballads ,,( ,,! ,,brave2 ,poems ( ,*ivalry1 ,ent]prise1 ,c\rage1 & ,con/ancy4 ,edit$ by ,rev4 ,f4 ,,langbridge4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,s*ool ,edition1 #bs4 #f;d4 ',! book is full ( spl5did ?+s4'--,_w4 ,me?u5's ,/&>d ,libr>y ,gibbon4 ,,memoirs ,,( ,,my ,,life ,,& ,,writ+s4 ,by ,,edw>d ,,gibbon4 ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction & ,notes1 by ,g4 ,,birkbeck ,,hill1 ,,ll4,d4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',an admirable edition ( "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ p]sonal records ( a lit]>y life4 ,its notes & its num]\s app5dices are a rep]tory ( almo/ all t c be kn[n ab\t ,gibbon4'--,man*e/] ,gu>dian4 ,gibbon4 ,,! ,,decl9e ,,& ,,fall ,,( ,,! ,,roman ,,empire4 ,by ,,edw>d ,,gibbon4 ,a ,new ,edition1 ,edit$ ) ,notes1 ,app5dices1 & ,maps1 by ,j4 ,b4 ,,bury1 ,,ll4,d41 ,fell[ ( ,tr9ity ,college1 ,dubl94 ,9 ,sev5 ,volumes1 ,demy #hvo4 ,gilt top4 #hs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,also ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ea*4 ',at la/ !re is an adequate mod]n edition ( ,gibbon4444 ,! be/ edition ! n9ete5? c5tury c\ld produce4'--,man*e/] ,gu>dian4 ',a great piece ( edit+4'--,academy4 ,gilb]t ,:ite4 ,,! ,,natural ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,selborne4 ,by ,,gilb]t ,,:ite4 ,edit$ by ,l4 ,c4 ,,miall1 ,f4,r4,s41 assi/$ by ,w4 ,,w>de ,,f[l]1 ,m4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,c4 ,g4 ,crump4 ,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,life ,,( ,,?omas ,,ellwood4 ,edit$ by ,c4 ,g4 ,,crump1 ,m4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,?is edition is ! only "o :i* conta9s ! complete book z orig9ally publi%$4 ,x conta9s a long ,introduction & _m ,footnotes4 ,dante4 ,,la ,,comm$ia ,,di ,,dante ,,alighi]i4 ,! ,italian ,text edit$ by ,,paget ,,toynbee1 ,m4,a4 ,demy #hvo4 ,gilt top4 #hs4 #f;d4 ,also ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,t5nyson4 ,,! ,,e>ly ,,poems ,,( ,,alfr$1 ,,"l ,,t5nyson4 ,edit$1 ) ,notes & an ,introduction by ,j4 ,,*urton ,,coll9s1 ,m4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,an elaborate edition ( ! celebrat$ volume :i* 0 publi%$ 9 its f9al & def9itive =m 9 #ahec4 ,?is edition conta9s a long ,introduction & copi\s ,notes1 textual & explanatory4 ,x also conta9s 9 an ,app5dix all ! ,poems :i* ,t5nyson aft]w>ds omitt$4 ,jona?an ,swift4 ,,! ,,j\rnal ,,to ,,/ella4 ,by ,,jona?an ,,swift4 ,edit$ by ,g4 ,a4 ,,aitk54 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,*e/]field4 ,,! ,,lett]s ,,( ,,"l ,,*e/]field ,,to ,,8 ,,son4 ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction by ,c4 ,,/ra*ey1 & ,notes by ,a4 ,,cal?rop4 ,two ,volumes4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ea*4 ,! ,works ( ,%akespe>e ,g5]al ,editor1 ,,edw>d ,,d[d51 ,litt4,d4 ,messrs4 ,,me?u5 h 9 prep>ation an ,edition ( ,%akespe>e 9 s+le ,plays4 ,ea* play w be edit$ ) a full ,introduction1 ,textual ,notes1 & a ,comm5t>y at ! foot ( ! page4 ,! fir/ volumes are3 ,,hamlet4 ,edit$ by ,,edw>d ,,d[d54 ,demy #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ',fully up to ! level ( rec5t s*ol>%ip1 bo? ,engli% & ,g]man4'--,academy4 ,,romeo ,,& ,,juliet4 ,edit$ by ,,edw>d ,,d[d51 ,litt4,d4 ,demy #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ',no edition ( ,%akespe>e is likely to prove m attractive & satisfactory ?an ?is "o4 ,x is beautifully pr9t$ & pag$ & h&somely & simply b\nd4'--,/4 ,james's ,gazette4 ,! ,novels ( ,*>les ,dick5s ,cr[n #hvo4 ,ea* ,volume1 clo? #cs4 net2 lea!r #ds4 #f;d4 net4 ,) ,introductions by ,mr4 ,,george ,,giss+1 ,notes by ,mr4 ,f4 ,g4 ,,kitton1 & ,topographical ,illu/rations4 ,,! ,,pickwick ,,pap]s4 ,) ,illu/rations by ,e4 ,h4 ,,new4 ,two ,volumes4 ',z pleasant a copy z any "o c\ld desire4 ,! notes add mu* to ! value ( ! edition1 & ,mr4 ,new's illu/rations are also hi/orical4 ,! volumes promise well = ! success ( ! edition4'--,scotsman4 ,,ni*olas ,,nickleby4 ,) ,illu/rations by ,r4 ,j4 ,,williams4 ,two ,volumes4 ,,bleak ,,h\se4 ,) ,illu/rations by ,,beatrice ,,alcock4 ,two ,volumes4 ,,oliv] ,,twi/4 ,) ,illu/rations by ,g4 ,h4 ,,new4 ,,! ,,old ,,curiosity ,,%op4 ,) ,illu/rations by ,g4 ,m4 ,,brimel[4 ,two ,volumes4 ,,b>naby ,,rudge4 ,) ,illu/rations by ,,beatrice ,,alcock4 ,two ,volumes4 ,little ,biographies ,fcap4 #hvo4 ,ea* volume1 clo?1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,! ,,life ,,( ,,dante ,,alighi]i4 ,by ,,paget ,,toynbee4 ,) #ab ,illu/rations4 ,second ,edition4 ',?is excell5t little volume is a cle>1 compact1 & conv5i5t summ>y ( ! :ole subject4'--,academy4 ,,! ,,life ,,( ,,savon>ola4 ,by ,e4 ,l4 ,s4 ,,horsburgh1 ,m4,a4 ,) ,portraits & ,illu/rations4 ,! ,little ,libr>y ,) ,introductions1 ,notes1 & ,photogravure ,frontispieces4 ,pott #hvo4 ,ea* ,volume1 clo? #as4 #f;d4 net1 lea!r #bs4 #f;d4 net4 ',altoge!r good to look ^u1 & to h&le4'--,outlook4 ',9 pr9t+1 b9d+1 lightness1 etc41 ?is is a p]fect s]ies4'--,pilot4 ',x is difficult to conceive m attractive volumes4'--,/4 ,james's ,gazette4 ',v delici\s little books4'--,lit]ature4 ',delightful editions4'--,record4 ',exce$+ly ta/efully produc$4'--,morn+ ,lead]4 ,,vanity ,,fair4 ,by ,w4 ,m4 ,,?ack]ay4 ,) an ,introduction by ,s4 ,,gwynn4 ,?ree ,volumes4 ,,! ,,pr9cess4 ,by ,,alfr$1 ,,"l ,,t5nyson4 ,edit$ by ,,elizabe? ,,wordswor?4 ,,9 ,,memoriam4 ,by ,,alfr$1 ,,"l ,,t5nyson4 ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction & ,notes1 by ,h4 ,c4 ,,bee*+1 ,m4,a4 ,,! ,,e>ly ,,poems ,,( ,,alfr$1 ,,"l ,,t5nyson4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,c4 ,,coll9s1 ,m4,a4 ,,maud4 ,by ,,alfr$1 ,,"l ,,t5nyson4 ,edit$ by ,,elizabe? ,,wordswor?4 ,a ,,little ,,book ,,( ,,engli% ,,lyrics4 ,) ,notes4 ,,eo!n4 ,by ,a4 ,w4 ,,k+lake4 ,) an ,introduction & ,notes4 ,,cran=d4 ,by ,mrs4 ,,gaskell4 ,edit$ by ,e4 ,v4 ,,lucas4 ,,! ,,inf]no ,,( ,,dante4 ,translat$ by ,h4 ,f4 ,,c>y4 ,edit$ by ,,paget ,,toynbee4 ,,! ,,purgatorio ,,( ,,dante4 ,translat$ by ,h4 ,f4 ,,c>y4 ,edit$ by ,,paget ,,toynbee1 ,m4,a4 ,,john ,,halifax1 ,,g5tleman4 ,by ,mrs4 ,,craik4 ,edit$ by ,,annie ,,ma!son4 ,two ,volumes4 ,a ,,little ,,book ,,( ,,scotti% ,,v]se4 ,arrang$ & edit$ by ,t4 ,f4 ,,h5d]son4 ,a ,,little ,,book ,,( ,,engli% ,,prose4 ,arrang$ & edit$ by ,mrs4 ,p4 ,a4 ,,b>nett4 ,,selections ,,f ,,wordswor?4 ,edit$ by ,,n[ell ,c4 ,,smi?1 ,fell[ ( ,new ,college1 ,ox=d4 ,,selections ,,f ,,william ,,blake4 ,edit$ by ,m4 ,,p]ug9i4 ,,pride ,,& ,,prejudice4 ,by ,,jane ,,au/54 ,edit$ by ,e4 ,v4 ,,lucas4 ,two ,volumes4 ,,p5d5nis4 ,by ,w4 ,m4 ,,?ack]ay4 ,edit$ by ,s4 ,,gwynn4 ,?ree ,volumes4 ,,lav5gro4 ,by ,,george ,,borr[4 ,edit$ by ,f4 ,,h9des ,,groome4 ,two ,volumes4 ,! ,little ,guides ,pott #hvo1 clo? #cs42 lea!r1 #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,ox=d ,,& ,,its ,,colleges4 ,by ,j4 ,,wells1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ & ,tutor ( ,wadham ,college4 ,illu/rat$ by ,e4 ,h4 ,,new4 ,f\r? ,edition4 ',an admirable & accurate little treatise1 attractively illu/rat$4'--,_w4 ,,cambridge ,,& ,,its ,,colleges4 ,by ,a4 ,,hamilton ,,?ompson4 ,illu/rat$ by ,e4 ,h4 ,,new4 ',x is brightly writt5 & le>n$1 & is j su* a book z a cultur$ visitor ne$s4'--,scotsman4 ,,! ,,malv]n ,,c\ntry4 ,by ,b4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,w9dle1 ,d4,sc41 ,f4,r4,s4 ,illu/rat$ by ,e4 ,h4 ,,new4 ,,%akespe>e',s ,,c\ntry4 ,by ,b4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,w9dle1 ,f4,r4,s41 ,m4,a4 ,illu/rat$ by ,e4 ,h4 ,,new4 ,second ,edition4 ',"o ( ! mo/ *>m+ guide books4 ,bo? = ! libr>y & z a travell+ companion ! book is equally *oice & s]viceable4'--,academy4 ,,sussex4 ,by ,f4 ,g4 ,,brabant1 ,m4,a4 ,illu/rat$ by ,e4 ,h4 ,,new4 ',a *>m+ little book2 z full ( s\nd in=mation z x is practical 9 conception4'--,a!num4 ',accurate1 complete1 & agreeably writt54'--,lit]ature4 ,,we/m9/] ,,abbey4 ,by ,g4 ,e4 ,,tr\tbeck4 ,illu/rat$ by ,f4 ,d4 ,,b$=d4 ',a delightful m9iature h&-book4'--,glasg[ ,h]ald4 ',9 comel9ess1 & p]haps 9 complet5ess1 ?is "w mu/ take ! fir/ place4'--,academy4 ',a really fir/-rate guide-book4'--,lit]ature4 ,,illu/rat$ ,,& ,,gift ,,books ,t5nyson4 ,,! ,,e>ly ,,poems ,,( ,,alfr$1 ,,"l ,,t5nyson4 ,edit$1 ) ,notes & an ,introduction by ,j4 ,,*urton ,,coll9s1 ,m4,a4 ,) #aj ,illu/rations 9 ,photogravure by ,w4 ,e4 ,f4 ,,britt54 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,gelett ,burgess4 ,,goops ,,& ,,h[ ,,to ,,be ,,!m4 ,by ,,gelett ,,burgess4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations4 ,small #dto4 #fs4 ,gelett ,burgess4 ,,! ,,lively ,,city ,,( ,,ligg4 ,by ,,gelett ,,burgess4 ,) #ec ,illu/rations1 #h ( :i* are col\r$4 ,small #dto4 #fs4 ,phil ,may4 ,,! ,,phil ,,may ,,album4 #dto4 #fs4 ',!re is a laugh 9 ea* draw+4'--,/&>d4 ,a4 ,h4 ,milne4 ,,ulysses2 ,,or1 ,,de ,,r\gemont ,,( ,,troy4 ,describ$ & depict$ by ,a4 ,h4 ,,milne4 ,small qu>to4 #cs4 #f;d4 ',clev]1 droll1 sm>t4'--,gu>dian4 ,edmund ,sel\s4 ,,tommy ,,smi?',s ,,animals4 ,by ,,edmund ,,sel\s4 ,illu/rat$ by ,g4 ,w4 ,,ord4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,a little book design$ to tea* *ildr5 respect & rev]5ce = animals4 ',a qua9t1 fasc9at+ little book3 a nurs]y classic4'--,a!num4 ,s4 ,b>+ ,g\ld4 ,,! ,,crock ,,( ,,gold4 ,fairy ,/ories told by ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',twelve delightful fairy tales4'--,pun*4 ,m4 ,l4 ,gwynn4 ,a ,,bir?day ,,book4 ,arrang$ & ,edit$ by ,m4 ,l4 ,,gwynn4 ,royal #hvo4 #abs4 ,?is is a bir?day-book ( exceptional dignity1 & ! extracts h be5 *os5 ) p>ticul> c>e4 ,john ,bunyan4 ,,! ,,pilgrim',s ,,progress4 ,by ,,john ,,bunyan4 ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction1 by ,c4 ,h4 ,,fir?1 ,m4,a4 ,) #ci ,illu/rations by ,r4 ,,ann+ ,,bell4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',! be/ ,pilgrim's ,progress4'--,educational ,times4 ,f4 ,d4 ,b$=d4 ,,nurs]y ,,rhymes4 ,) _m ,col\r$ ,pictures by ,f4 ,d4 ,,b$=d4 ,sup] ,royal #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,s4 ,b>+ ,g\ld4 ,a ,,book ,,( ,,fairy ,,tales retold by ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations & ,initial ,lett]s by ,,ar?ur ,j4 ,,gask94 ,second ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 ,buckram4 #fs4 ,s4 ,b>+ ,g\ld4 ,,old ,,engli% ,,fairy ,,tales4 ,collect$ & edit$ by ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld4 ,) ,num]\s ,illu/rations by ,f4 ,d4 ,,b$=d4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 ,buckram4 #fs4 ',a *>m+ volume4'--,gu>dian4 ,s4 ,b>+ ,g\ld4 ,a ,,book ,,( ,,nurs]y ,,songs ,,& ,,rhymes4 ,edit$ by ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld1 & ,illu/rat$ by ! ,birm+ham ,art ,s*ool4 ,buckram1 gilt top4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,h4 ,c4 ,bee*+4 ,a ,,book ,,( ,,*ri/mas ,,v]se4 ,edit$ by ,h4 ,c4 ,,bee*+1 ,m4,a41 & ,illu/rat$ by ,,walt] ,,crane4 ,cr4 #hvo4 gilt top4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,hi/ory ,fl9d]s ,petrie4 ,a ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,egypt1 ,,f ,,! ,,e>lie/ ,,times ,,to ,,! ,,pres5t ,,day4 ,edit$ by ,w4 ,m4 ,,fl9d]s ,,petrie1 ,d4,c4,l41 ,,ll4,d41 ,pr(essor ( ,egyptology at ,univ]sity ,college4 ,fully ,illu/rat$4 ,9 ,six ,volumes4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ea*4 ,,vol4 ,i4 ,,prehi/oric ,,times ,,to ,,xvi? ,,dyna/y4 ,w4 ,m4 ,f4 ,petrie4 ,f\r? ,edition4 ,,vol4 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,xvii? ,,& ,,xviii? ,,dyna/ies4 ,w4 ,m4 ,f4 ,petrie4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,,vol4 ,,iv4 ,,! ,,egypt ,,( ,,! ,,ptolemies4 ,j4 ,p4 ,mahaffy4 ,,vol4 ,v4 ,,roman ,,egypt4 ,j4 ,g4 ,milne4 ,,vol4 ,,vi4 ,,egypt ,,9 ,,! ,,middle ,,ages4 ,,/anley ,,lane-,,poole4 ',a hi/ory writt5 9 ! _s ( sci5tific precision s wor?ily repres5t$ by ,dr4 ,petrie & 8 s*ool _c b promote s\nd & accurate /udy1 & supply a vacant place 9 ! ,engli% lit]ature ( ,egyptology4'--,times4 ,fl9d]s ,petrie4 ,,religion ,,& ,,consci5ce ,,9 ,,anci5t ,,egypt4 ,by ,w4 ,m4 ,,fl9d]s ,,petrie1 ,d4,c4,l41 ,,ll4,d4 ,fully ,illu/rat$4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ',! lectures w af=d a fund ( valuable in=mation = /ud5ts ( anci5t e?ics4'--,man*e/] ,gu>dian4 ,fl9d]s ,petrie4 ,,syria ,,& ,,egypt1 ,,f ,,! ,,tell ,,el ,,am>na ,,tablets4 ,by ,w4 ,m4 ,,fl9d]s ,,petrie1 ,d4,c4,l41 ,,ll4,d4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ',a m>vell\s record4 ,! addition made to our k is no?+ %ort ( amaz+4'--,times4 ,fl9d]s ,petrie4 ,,egyptian ,,tales4 ,edit$ by ,w4 ,m4 ,,fl9d]s ,,petrie4 ,illu/rat$ by ,,tri/ram ,,ellis4 ,9 ,two ,volumes4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ',invaluable z a picture ( life 9 ,pale/9e & ,egypt4'--,daily ,news4 ,fl9d]s ,petrie4 ,,egyptian ,,decorative ,,art4 ,by ,w4 ,m4 ,,fl9d]s ,,petrie4 ,) #abj ,illu/rations4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ',9 ^! lectures he displays r>e skill 9 elucidat+ ! developm5t ( decorative art 9 ,egypt4'--,times4 ,c4 ,w4 ,oman4 ,a ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,w>4 ,vol4 ,,ii43 ,! ,middle ,ages1 f ! ,f\r? to ! ,f\rte5? ,c5tury4 ,by ,c4 ,w4 ,,oman1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ ( ,all ,s\ls'1 ,ox=d4 ,illu/rat$4 ,demy #hvo4 #bas4 ',! :ole art ( w> 9 its hi/oric evolution has nev] be5 treat$ on su* an ample & compreh5sive scale1 & we "q if any rec5t contribution to ! exact hi/ory ( ! _w has possess$ m endur+ value4'--,daily ,*ronicle4 ,s4 ,b>+ ,g\ld4 ,,! ,,trag$y ,,( ,,! ,c,,s>s4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations f ,bu/s1 ,gems1 ,cameos1 etc4 ,by ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld4 ,fif? ,edition4 ,royal #hvo4 #aes4 ',a mo/ spl5did & fasc9at+ book on a subject ( undy+ int]e/4 ,! great feature ( ! book is ! use ! au?or has made ( ! exi/+ portraits ( ! ,caes>s & ! admirable critical subtlety he has exhibit$ 9 deal+ ) ?is l9e ( rese>*4 ,x is brilliantly writt51 & ! illu/rations are suppli$ on a scale ( pr(use magnific5ce4'--,daily ,*ronicle4 ,f4 ,w4 ,maitl&4 ,,canon ,,law ,,9 ,,engl&4 ,by ,f4 ,w4 ,,maitl&1 ,,ll4,d41 ,d[n+ ,pr(essor ( ! ,laws ( ,engl& 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,cambridge4 ,royal #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ',pr(essor ,maitl& has put /ud5ts ( ,engli% law "u a fre% debt4 ,^! essays are l&m>ks 9 ! /udy ( ! hi/ory ( ,canon ,law4'--,times4 ,john ,hackett4 ,a ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,*ur* ,,( ,,cyprus4 ,by ,,john ,,hackett1 ,m4,a4 ,) ,maps & ,illu/rations4 ,demy #hvo4 #aes4 net4 ,a "w :i* br+s toge!r all t is kn[n on ! subject f ! introduction ( ,*ri/ianity to ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,briti% occupation4 ,a sep>ate division deals ) ! local ,lat9 ,*ur* dur+ ! p]iod ( ! ,we/]n ,supremacy4 ,e4 ,l4 ,taunton4 ,a ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,jesuits ,,9 ,,engl&4 ,by ,e4 ,l4 ,,taunton4 ,) ,illu/rations4 ,demy #hvo4 #bas4 net4 ',a hi/ory ( p]man5t value1 :i* cov]s gr\nd nev] prop]ly inve/igat$ be=e1 & is replete ) ! results ( orig9al rese>*4 ,a mo/ int]e/+ & c>eful book4'--,lit]ature4 ',a volume :i* w attract consid]able att5tion4'--,a!num4 ,h4 de ,b4 ,gibb9s4 ,,indu/ry ,,9 ,,engl&3 ,,hi/orical ,,outl9es4 ,by ,h4 ,,de ,b4 ,,gibb9s1 ,litt4,d41 ,m4,a4 ,) #e ,maps4 ,second ,edition4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,h4 ,e4 ,eg]ton4 ,a ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,briti% ,,colonial ,,policy4 ,by ,h4 ,e4 ,,eg]ton1 ,m4,a4 ,demy #hvo4 #abs4 #f;d4 ',x is a good book1 di/+ui%$ by accuracy 9 detail1 cle> arrangem5t ( facts1 & a broad grasp ( pr9ciples4'--,man*e/] ,gu>dian4 ,alb]t ,sorel4 ,,! ,,ea/]n ,,"q ,,9 ,,! ,,eighte5? ,,c5tury4 ,by ,,alb]t ,,sorel4 ,translat$ by ,f4 ,c4 ,,bramwell1 ,m4,a4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,c4 ,h4 ,gr9l+4 ,a ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,great ,,nor!rn ,,railway1 #ahde-ie4 ,by ,c4 ,h4 ,,gr9l+4 ,) ,illu/rations4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ',mr4 ,gr9l+ has done = a ,railway :at ,macaulay did = ,engli% ,hi/ory4'--,! ,eng9e]4 ,clem5t ,/retton4 ,a ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,midl& ,,railway4 ,by ,,clem5t ,,/retton4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ',a f9e record ( railway developm5t4'--,outlook4 ',! volume is z exhau/ive z x is compreh5sive1 & is made especially attractive by its pictures4'--,globe4 ,w4 ,/]ry4 ,,annals ,,( ,,eton ,,college4 ,by ,w4 ,,/]ry1 ,m4,a4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations4 ,demy #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ',a treasury ( qua9t & int]e/+ read+4 ,mr4 ,/]ry has by 8 skill & vivacity giv5 ^! records new life4'--,academy4 ,g4 ,w4 ,fi%]4 ,,annals ,,( ,,%rewsbury ,,s*ool4 ,by ,g4 ,w4 ,,fi%]1 ,m4,a4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ',?is c>eful1 erudite book4'--,daily ,*ronicle4 ',a book ( :i* ,old ,salopians are sure to be pr\d4'--,globe4 ,j4 ,s>geaunt4 ,,annals ,,( ,,we/m9/] ,,s*ool4 ,by ,j4 ,,s>geaunt1 ,m4,a4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations4 ,demy #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,a4 ,cl>k4 ,,! ,,colleges ,,( ,,ox=d3 ,_! ,hi/ory & _! ,traditions4 ,edit$ by ,a4 ,,cl>k1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ ( ,l9coln ,college4 #hvo4 #abs4 #f;d4 ',a "w :i* w be appeal$ to = _m ye>s z ! /&>d book4'--,a!num4 ,t4 ,m4 ,taylor4 ,a ,,con/itutional ,,& ,,political ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,rome4 ,by ,t4 ,m4 ,,taylor1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ ( ,gonville & ,caius ,college1 ,cambridge4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ',we fully recognise ! value ( ?is c>efully writt5 "w1 & admire especially ! fairness & sobriety ( 8 judgm5t & ! human int]e/ ) :i* he has inspir$ a subject :i* 9 "s h&s becomes a m]e s]ies ( cold ab/ractions4 ,x is a "w t w be /imulat+ to ! /ud5t ( ,roman hi/ory4'--,a!num4 ,j4 ,wells4 ,a ,,%ort ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,rome4 ,by ,j4 ,,wells1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ & ,tutor ( ,wadham ,coll41 ,ox=d4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,) #c ,maps4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,?is book is int5d$ = ! ,middle & ,upp] ,=ms ( ,public ,s*ools & = ,pass ,/ud5ts at ! ,univ]sities4 ,x conta9s copi\s ,tables1 etc4 ',an orig9al "w writt5 on an orig9al plan1 & ) uncommon fre%ness & vig\r4'--,speak]4 ,o4 ,br[n+4 ,a ,,%ort ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,m$i,,val ,,italy1 ,a4,d4 #abej-aecj4 ,by ,,osc> ,,br[n+1 ,fell[ & ,tutor ( ,k+'s ,college1 ,cambridge4 ,9 ,two ,volumes4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #es4 ea*4 ,,vol4 ,i4 #abej-adji4--;,guelphs & ,ghibell9es4 ,,vol4 ,,ii4 #adji-aecj4--,! ,age ( ! ,condotti]i4 ,o',grady4 ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,irel&4 ,by ,,/&i% ,o',,grady1 ,au?or ( ',f9n & 8 ,companions4' ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,byzant9e ,texts ,edit$ by ,j4 ,b4 ,,bury1 ,m4,a41 ,litt4,d4 ,,za*>iah ,,( ,,mityl5e4 ,translat$ into ,engli% by ,f4 ,j4 ,,hamilton1 ,d4,d41 & ,e4 ,w4 ,,brooks4 ,demy #hvo4 #abs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,evagrius4 ,edit$ by ,pr(essor ,l,,on ,,p>m5ti] & ,m4 ,,bidez4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,psellus4 ,by ,c4 ,,sa?as4 ,demy #hvo4 #aes4 net4 ,,biography ,r4 ,l4 ,/ev5son4 ,,! ,,lett]s ,,( ,,rob]t ,,l\is ,,/ev5son ,,to ,,8 ,,family ,,& ,,fri5ds4 ,select$ & ,edit$1 ) ,notes & ,introductions1 by ,,sidney ,,colv94 ,f\r? & ,*eap] ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #abs4 ,,libr>y ,,edition4 ,demy #hvo4 #b vols4 #bes4 net4 ',irresi/ible 9 _! rac9ess1 _! v>iety1 _! animation 444 ( extraord9>y fasc9ation4 ,a delightful inh]itance1 ! true/ record ( a ri*ly comp\nd$ _s t ! lit]ature ( our "t has pres]v$4'--,times4 ,j4 ,g4 ,millais4 ,,! ,,life ,,& ,,lett]s ,,( ,,sir ,,john ,,ev]ett ,,millais1 ,presid5t ( ! ,royal ,academy4 ,by 8 ,son1 ,j4 ,g4 ,,millais4 ,) #cai ,illu/rations1 ( :i* #i are 9 ,photogravure4 ,second ,edition4 #b vols4 ,royal #hvo4 #cbs4 net4 ',?is spl5did "w4'--,_w4 ',( su* absorb+ int]e/ is x1 ( su* complet5ess 9 scope & beauty4 ,special tribute mu/ be paid to ! extraord9>y complet5ess ( ! illu/rations4'--,graphic4 ,s4 ,b>+ ,g\ld4 ,,! ,,life ,,( ,,napoleon ,,bonap>te4 ,by ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld4 ,) ov] #dej ,illu/rations 9 ! ,text & #ab ,photogravure ,plates4 ,l>ge qu>to4 ,gilt top4 #cfs4 ',! ma9 feature ( ?is gorge\s volume is its great weal? ( beautiful photogravures & f9ely-execut$ wood engrav+s1 con/itut+ a complete pictorial *ronicle ( ,napoleon ,i4's p]sonal hi/ory f ! days ( 8 e>ly *ildhood at ,ajaccio to ! date ( 8 second int]m5t4'--,daily ,telegraph4 ,w4 ,a4 ,betteswor?4 ,,! ,,walk]s ,,( ,,s\?gate3 ,be+ ! ,*ronicles ( a ,cricket+ ,family4 ,by ,w4 ,a4 ,,betteswor?4 ,illu/rat$4 ,demy #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ',a mo/ engag+ contribution to cricket lit]ature 444 a la/+ joy4'--,vanity ,fair4 ,g4 ,s4 ,lay>d4 ,,! ,,life ,,( ,,mrs4 ,,lynn ,,l9ton4 ,by ,g4 ,s4 ,,lay>d4 ,) ,portraits4 ,demy #hvo4 #abs4 #f;d4 ',mrs4 ,lynn ,l9ton is "h pres5t$ to u 9 all h] moods4 ,%e lives 9 ! book2 %e is pres5t$ to u s t we really "k h]4'--,lit]ature4 ',a ?or\ghly good book1 v int]e/+1 & at ! same "t 9 v good ta/e4'--,daily ,graphic4 ',mr4 ,lay>d may be congratulat$ on hav+ produc$ an hone/ & int]e/+ record ( a notable woman4'--,a!num4 ,/anley ,lane-,poole4 ,,! ,,life ,,( ,,sir ,,h>ry ,,p>kes4 ,by ,,/anley ,,lane-,,poole4 ,a ,new & ,*eap] ,edition4 ,) ,maps & ,portrait4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,hel5 ,c4 ,wetmore4 ,,! ,,la/ ,,( ,,! ,,great ,,sc\ts 7',buffalo ,bill'74 ,by 8 ,si/]1 ,,hel5 ,c4 ,,wetmore4 ,) ,illu/rations4 ,demy #hvo4 #fs4 ',! /irr+ adv5tures ( ,buffalo ,bill's c>e] are describ$ vigor\sly & picturesquely1 & ) a directness t inspires ! fulle/ confid5ce4'--,glasg[ ,h]ald4 ,con/ance ,ba*e4 ,,bro!r ,,musicians4 ,rem9isc5ces ( ,edw>d & ,walt] ,ba*e4 ,by ,,con/ance ,,ba*e4 ,) ,sixte5 ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 net4 ,p4 ,h4 ,colomb4 ,,memoirs ,,( ,,admiral ,,sir ,a4 ,,coop] ,,key4 ,by ,admiral ,p4 ,h4 ,,colomb4 ,) a ,portrait4 ,demy #hvo4 #afs4 ,c4 ,coop] ,k+4 ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,! ,,briti% ,,army4 ,by ,colonel ,,coop] ,,k+4 ,illu/rat$4 ,demy #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ',an au?oritative & accurate /ory ( ,engl&'s milit>y progress4'--,daily ,mail4 ,r4 ,s\!y4 ,,engli% ,,seam5 7,h[>d1 ,clif=d1 ,hawk9s1 ,drake1 ,cav5di%74 ,by ,,rob]t ,,s\!y4 ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction1 by ,,david ,,hannay4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',a brave1 inspirit+ book4'--,black & ,:ite4 ,w4 ,cl>k ,russell4 ,,! ,,life ,,( ,,admiral ,,"l ,,coll+wood4 ,by ,w4 ,,cl>k ,,russell4 ,) ,illu/rations by ,f4 ,,brangwyn4 ,f\r? ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',a book :i* we %\ld l to see 9 ! h&s ( e boy 9 ! c\ntry4'--,/4 ,james's ,gazette4 ,morris ,full]4 ,,! ,,life ,,& ,,writ+s ,,( ,,john ,,dav5ant1 ,d4,d4 7#aega-afda71 ,bi%op ( ,salisbury4 ,by ,,morris ,,full]1 ,b4,d4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,j4 ,m4 ,rigg4 ,,/4 ,,anselm ,,( ,,cant]bury3 ,a ,,*apt] ,,9 ,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,religion4 ,by ,j4 ,m4 ,,rigg4 ,demy #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,f4 ,w4 ,joyce4 ,,! ,,life ,,( ,,sir ,,fr$]ick ,,gore ,,ouseley4 ,by ,f4 ,w4 ,,joyce1 ,m4,a4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,w4 ,g4 ,coll+wood4 ,,! ,,life ,,( ,,john ,,rusk94 ,by ,w4 ,g4 ,,coll+wood1 ,m4,a4 ,) ,portraits1 & #ac ,draw+s by ,mr4 ,rusk94 ,second ,edition4 #b vols4 #hvo4 #cbs4 ,*eap ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,c4 ,wald/e94 ,,john ,,rusk94 ,by ,,*>les ,,wald/e91 ,m4,a4 ,) a ,photogravure ,portrait4 ,po/ #hvo4 #es4 ,a4 ,m4 ,f4 ,d>me/et]4 ,,! ,,life ,,( ,,erne/ ,,r5an4 ,by ,,madame ,,d>me/et]4 ,) ,portrait4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,w4 ,h4 ,hutton4 ,,! ,,life ,,( ,,sir ,,?omas ,,m4 ,by ,w4 ,h4 ,,hutton1 ,m4,a4 ,) ,portraits4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #es4 ',! book lays good claim to high rank among our biographies4 ,x is excell5tly1 ev5 lov+ly1 writt54'--,scotsman4 ,s4 ,b>+ ,g\ld4 ,,! ,,vic> ,,( ,,morw5/[3 ,a ,biography4 ,by ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld1 ,m4,a4 ,a new & ,revis$ ,edition4 ,) ,portrait4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,a completely new edition ( ! well kn[n biography ( ,r4 ,s4 ,hawk]4 ,,travel1 ,,adv5ture ,,& ,,topography ,sv5 ,h$94 ,,?r\gh ,,asia4 ,by ,,sv5 ,,h$91 ,gold ,m$alli/ ( ! ,royal ,geographical ,society4 ,) #cjj ,illu/rations f ,sket*es & ,photographs by ! ,au?or1 & ,maps4 #b vols4 ,royal #hvo4 #bjs4 net4 ',"o ( ! greate/ books ( ! k9d issu$ dur+ ! c5tury4 ,x is impossible to give an adequate idea ( ! ri*ness ( ! cont5ts ( ?is book1 nor ( its ab\nd+ attractions z a /ory ( travel unsurpass$ 9 geographical & human int]e/4 ,mu* ( x is a revelation4 ,altoge!r ! "w is "o :i* 9 solidity1 novelty1 & int]e/ mu/ take a fir/ rank among publications ( its class4'--,times4 ,f4 ,h4 ,skr9e & ,e4 ,d4 ,ross4 ,,! ,,he>t ,,( ,,asia4 ,by ,f4 ,h4 ,,skr9e & ,e4 ,d4 ,,ross4 ,) ,maps & _m ,illu/rations by ,,v]e/*ag94 ,l>ge ,cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ',?is volume w =m a l&m>k 9 our k ( ,c5tral ,asia4444 ,illum9at+ & conv9c+4'--,times4 ,r4 ,e4 ,pe>y4 ,,nor?w>d ,,ov] ,,! ,,great ,,ice4 ,by ,r4 ,e4 ,,pe>y1 ,gold ,m$alli/ ( ! ,royal ,geographical ,society4 ,) ov] #hjj ,illu/rations4 #b vols4 ,royal #hvo4 #cbs4 net4 ',8 book w take its place among ! p]man5t lit]ature ( ,arctic exploration4'--,times4 ,t4 ,h4 ,holdi*4 ,,! ,,indian ,,bord]l&3 be+ a ,p]sonal ,record ( ,tw5ty ,ye>s4 ,by ,sir ,t4 ,h4 ,,holdi*1 ,k4,c4,i4,e4 ,illu/rat$4 ,demy #hvo4 #aes4 net4 ',probably ! mo/ important "w on fronti] topography t has lately be5 pres5t$ to ! g5]al public4'--,lit]ature4 ',int]e/+ & inspirit+ f cov] to cov]1 x w assur$ly take its place z ! classical on ! hi/ory ( ! ,indian fronti]4'--,pilot4 ',a "w t %\ld long rema9 ! /&>d au?ority4'--,daily ,*ronicle4 ,a4 ,b4 ,wylde4 ,,mod]n ,,abyss9ia4 ,by ,a4 ,b4 ,,wylde4 ,) a ,map & a ,portrait4 ,demy #hvo4 #aes4 net4 ',! mo/ valuable contribution t has yet be5 made to our k ( ,abyss9ia4'--,man*e/] ,gu>dian4 ',a book :i* w rank among ! v be/ ( ,african works4'--,daily ,*ronicle4 ',a rep]tory ( in=mation on e bran* ( ! subject4'--,lit]ature4 ,alex4 ,hosie4 ,,man*uria4 ,by ,,alex&] ,,hosie4 ,) ,illu/rations & a ,map4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ,a complete acc\nt ( ?is important prov9ce by ! highe/ liv+ au?ority on ! subject4 ',?is book is especially useful at ! pres5t mom5t :5 ! future ( ! c\ntry appe>s unc]ta94'--,times4 ,e4 ,a4 ,fitz,gerald4 ,,! ,,highe/ ,,&es4 ,by ,e4 ,a4 ,,fitzg]ald4 ,) #b ,maps1 #ea ,illu/rations1 #ac ( :i* are 9 ,photogravure1 & a ,panorama4 ,royal #hvo1 #cjs4 net4 ,also a ,small ,edition on ,h&-made ,pap]1 limit$ to #ej ,copies1 #dto1 #e1 #es4 ',! record ( ! fir/ asc5t ( ! highe/ m\nta9 yet conqu]$ by mortal man4 ,a volume :i* w cont9ue to be ! classic book ( travel on ?is region ( ! ,&es4'--,daily ,*ronicle4 ,f4 ,w4 ,*ri/ian4 ,,! ,,c>ol9e ,,isl&s4 ,by ,f4 ,w4 ,,*ri/ian4 ,) _m ,illu/rations & ,maps4 ,demy #hvo4 #abs4 #f;d4 net4 ',a real contribution to our k ( ! peoples & isl&s ( ,micronesia1 z well z fasc9at+ z a n>rative ( travels & adv5ture4'--,scotsman4 ,h4 ,h4 ,john/on4 ,,briti% ,,c5tral ,,africa4 ,by ,sir ,h4 ,h4 ,,john/on1 ,k4,c4,b4 ,) ne>ly ,two ,hundr$ ,illu/rations1 & ,six ,maps4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #dto4 #ahs4 net4 ',a fasc9at+ book1 writt5 ) equal skill & *>m--! "w at once ( a lit]>y arti/ & ( a man ( action :o is s+ul>ly wise1 brave1 & exp]i5c$4 ,x ab\nds 9 admirable sket*es4'--,we/m9/] ,gazette4 ,l4 ,decle4 ,,?ree ,,ye>s ,,9 ,,savage ,,africa4 ,by ,,lionel ,,decle4 ,) #ajj ,illu/rations & #e ,maps4 ,second ,edition4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ,a4 ,hulme ,beaman4 ,,tw5ty ,,ye>s ,,9 ,,! ,,ne> ,,ea/4 ,by ,a4 ,,hulme ,,beaman4 ,demy #hvo4 ,) ,portrait4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,h5ri ( ,orleans4 ,,f ,,tonk9 ,,to ,,india4 ,by ,,pr9ce ,,h5ri ,,( ,,orleans4 ,translat$ by ,,hamley ,,b5t1 ,m4,a4 ,) #ajj ,illu/rations & a ,map4 ,cr4 #dto1 gilt top4 #bes4 ,*e/] ,holcombe4 ,,! ,,real ,,*9ese ,,"q4 ,by ,,*e/] ,,holcombe4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',x is an important addition to ! mat]ials be=e ! public = =m+ an op9ion on a mo/ difficult & press+ problem4'--,times4 ',x is ?is practical note 9 ! book1 c\pl$ ) ! fairness1 mod]ation1 & s9c]ity ( ! au?or1 t gives x1 9 our op9ion1 ! highe/ place among books publi%$ 9 rec5t ye>s on ! ,*9ese "q4'--,man*e/] ,gu>dian4 ,j4 ,w4 ,rob]tson-,scott4 ,,! ,,p ,,( ,,*9a4 ,by ,j4 ,w4 ,,rob]tson-,,scott4 ,) a ,map4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ',a vivid impression 444 ,?is excell5t1 brightly writt5 epitome4'--,daily ,news4 ',excell5tly well done4444 ,en?rall+4'--,weekly ,dispat*4 ,s4 ,l4 ,h9de4 ,,! ,,fall ,,( ,,! ,,congo ,,arabs4 ,by ,s4 ,l4 ,,h9de4 ,) ,plans1 etc4 ,demy #hvo4 #abs4 #f;d4 ,a4 ,/4 ,h4 ,gibbons4 ,,exploration ,,& ,,hunt+ ,,9 ,,c5tral ,,africa4 ,by ,major ,a4 ,,/4 ,h4 ,,gibbons4 ,) full-page ,illu/rations by ,c4 ,,:ymp]1 & ,maps4 ,demy #hvo4 #aes4 ,a4 ,h4 ,norway4 ,,naples3 ,,pa/ ,,& ,,pres5t4 ,by ,a4 ,h4 ,,norway1 ,au?or ( ',highways & ,byways 9 ,devon & ,cornwall4' ,) #dj ,illu/rations by ,a4 ,g4 ,,f]>d4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,9 ?is book ,mr4 ,norway gives n only a highly int]e/+ description ( mod]n ,naples1 b a hi/orical acc\nt ( its antiquities & traditions4 ,s4 ,b>+ ,g\ld4 ,,d>tmoor3 ,a ,descriptive & ,hi/orical ,sket*4 ,by ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld4 ,) ,plans & ,num]\s ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',a mo/ delightful guide1 companion1 & in/ructor4'--,scotsman4 ',in=m$ ) close p]sonal k4'--,saturday ,review4 ,s4 ,b>+ ,g\ld4 ,,! ,,book ,,( ,,! ,,we/4 ,by ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations4 ,two volumes4 ,vol4 ,i4 ,devon4 ,second ,edition4 ,vol4 ,,ii4 ,cornwall4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ea*4 ',brac+ z ! air ( ,d>tmoor1 ! leg5d weird z twilight ov] ,dozm>e ,pool1 !y give u a v good idea ( ?is en*ant+ & beautiful di/rict4'--,gu>dian4 ,s4 ,b>+ ,g\ld4 ,a ,,book ,,( ,,brittany4 ,by ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,uni=m 9 scope & size ) ,mr4 ,b>+ ,g\ld's well-kn[n books on ,devon1 ,cornwall1 & ,d>tmoor4 ,s4 ,b>+ ,g\ld4 ,,! ,,des]ts ,,( ,,s\!rn ,,france4 ,by ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld4 #b vols4 ,demy #hvo4 #cbs4 ,j4 ,f4 ,fras]4 ,,r\nd ,,! ,,_w ,,on ,a ,,:eel4 ,by ,,john ,,fo/] ,,fras]4 ,) #ajj ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',a classic ( cycl+1 graphic & witty4'--,york%ire ,po/4 ,r4 ,l4 ,jeff]son4 ,a ,,new ,,ride ,,to ,,khiva4 ,by ,r4 ,l4 ,,jeff]son4 ,illu/rat$4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,j4 ,k4 ,trott]4 ,,! ,,nig] ,,s\rces4 ,by ,colonel ,j4 ,k4 ,,trott]1 ,r4,a4 ,) a ,map & ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #es4 ,w4 ,crooke4 ,,! ,,nor?we/]n ,,prov9ces ,,( ,,india3 ,,_! ,,e?nology ,,& ,,adm9i/ration4 ,by ,w4 ,,crooke4 ,) ,maps & ,illu/rations4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,a4 ,boisragon4 ,,! ,,b59 ,,massacre4 ,by ,,capta9 ,,boisragon4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,h4 ,s4 ,c[p]4 ,,! ,,hill ,,( ,,! ,,graces3 ,,or1 ,,! ,,great ,,/one ,,temples ,,( ,,tripoli4 ,by ,h4 ,s4 ,,c[p]1 ,f4,s4,a4 ,) ,maps1 ,plans1 & #ge ,illu/rations4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,w4 ,b4 ,worsfold4 ,,s\? ,,africa4 ,by ,w4 ,b4 ,,worsfold1 ,m4,a4 ,) a ,map4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ',a monum5tal "w compress$ into a v mod]ate compass4'--,_w4 ,ka!r9e & ,gilb]t ,macquoid4 ,,9 ,,p>is4 ,by ,,ka!r9e & ,,gilb]t ,,macquoid4 ,illu/rat$ by ,,?omas ,r4 ,,macquoid1 ,r4,i4 ,) #b maps4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #as4 ',a useful little guide1 judici\sly suppli$ ) in=mation4'--,a!num4 ,a4 ,h4 ,keane4 ,,! ,,bo] ,,/ates3 ,a ,hi/ory & ,description ( ! ,transvaal & ! ,orange ,free ,/ate4 ,by ,a4 ,h4 ,,keane1 ,m4,a4 ,) ,map4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,,naval ,,& ,,milit>y ,f4 ,h4 ,e4 ,cunliffe4 ,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,bo] ,,w>4 ,by ,f4 ,h4 ,e4 ,,cunliffe1 ,fell[ ( ,all ,s\ls' ,college1 ,ox=d4 ,) _m ,illu/rations1 ,plans1 & ,portraits4 ,9 #b vols4 ,vol4 ,i41 #aes4 ',! excell5ce ( ! "w is d\ble2 = ! n>rative is vivid & temp]ate1 & ! illu/rations =m a picture gall]y ( ! w> :i* is n likely to be rivall$4444 ,an ideal gift book4'--,academy4 ,g4 ,s4 ,rob]tson4 ,,*itral3 ,! ,/ory ( a ,m9or ,siege4 ,by ,sir ,g4 ,s4 ,,rob]tson1 ,k4,c4,s4,i4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations1 ,map & ,plans4 ,second ,edition4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ',a book :i* ! ,elizabe?ans w\ld h ?\ght wond]ful4 ,m ?rill+1 m piquant1 & m human ?an any novel4'--,newca/le ,*ronicle4 ',z fasc9at+ z ,sir ,walt] ,scott's be/ fiction4'--,daily ,telegraph4 ,r4 ,s4 ,s4 ,bad5-,p[ell4 ,,! ,,d[nfall ,,( ,,prempeh4 ,a ,di>y ( ,life 9 ,a%anti1 #ahie4 ,by ,maj4-,g54 ,,bad5-,,p[ell4 ,) #ba ,illu/rations & a ,map4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,l>ge ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,r4 ,s4 ,s4 ,bad5-,p[ell4 ,,! ,,matabele ,,campaign1 #ahif4 ,by ,maj4-,g54 ,,bad5-,,p[ell4 ,) ne>ly #ajj ,illu/rations4 ,f\r? & ,*eap] ,edition4 ,l>ge ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,j4 ,b4 ,atk9s4 ,,! ,,relief ,,( ,,ladysmi?4 ,by ,,john ,,black ,,atk9s4 ,) #af ,plans & ,illu/rations4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,h4 ,w4 ,nev9son4 ,,ladysmi?3 ,! ,di>y ( a ,siege4 ,by ,h4 ,w4 ,,nev9son4 ,) #af ,illu/rations & a ,plan4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,b>clay ,lloyd4 ,a ,,?\s& ,,miles ,,) ,,! ,c4,i4,v4 ,by ,capta9 ,,b>clay ,,lloyd4 ,) an ,introduction by ,colonel ,,mack9non1 & a ,portrait & ,map4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,filson ,"y4 ,,! ,,relief ,,( ,,mafek+4 ,by ,,filson ,,"y4 ,) ,maps & ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,j4 ,angus ,hamilton4 ,,! ,,siege ,,( ,,mafek+4 ,by ,j4 ,,angus ,,hamilton4 ,) _m ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',a ?rill+ /ory4'--,obs]v]4 ,h4 ,f4 ,prevo/ ,batt]sby4 ,,9 ,,! ,,web ,,( ,a ,,w>4 ,by ,h4 ,f4 ,,prevo/ ,,batt]sby4 ,) ,plans1 & ,portrait ( ! ,au?or4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',! pa?os1 ! com$y1 ! maje/y ( w> are all 9 ^! pages4'--,daily ,mail4 ,h[>d ,c4 ,hillegas4 ,,) ,,! ,,bo] ,,=ces4 ,by ,,h[>d ,c4 ,,hillegas4 ,) #bd ,illu/rations4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',a mo/ int]e/+ book4 ,x has _m & great m]its4'--,a!num4 ',has extreme int]e/ & sc>cely less value4'--,pall ,mall ,gazette4 ,h4 ,c4 ,j4 ,biss4 ,,! ,,relief ,,( ,,kumasi4 ,by ,capta9 ,h4 ,c4 ,j4 ,,biss4 ,) ,maps & ,illu/rations4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',pleasantly writt5 & highly int]e/+4 ,! illu/rations are admirable4'--,que54 ',we %\ld say x w rema9 ! /&>d "w on its v int]e/+ subject4'--,globe4 ,e4 ,h4 ,ald]son4 ,,) ,,! ,,m\nt$ ,,infantry ,,& ,,! ,,ma%onal& ,,field ,,=ce1 #ahif4 ,by ,lieut4-,colonel ,,ald]son4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations & ,plans4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,seym\r ,v&eleur4 ,,campaign+ ,,on ,,! ,,upp] ,,nile ,,& ,,nig]4 ,by ,lieut4 ,,seym\r ,,v&eleur4 ,) an ,introduction by ,sir ,g4 ,,goldie1 ,k4,c4,m4,g4 ,) #d ,maps1 ,illu/rations1 & ,plans4 ,l>ge ,cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,"l ,f9ca/le4 ,a ,,fronti] ,,campaign4 ,by ,visc\nt ,,f9ca/le1 ,v4,c41 & ,lieut4 ,p4 ,c4 ,,elliott-,,lockh>t4 ,) a ,map & #af ,illu/rations4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,e4 ,n4 ,b5nett4 ,,! ,,d[nfall ,,( ,,! ,,d]vi%es3 ,a ,sket* ( ! ,sudan ,campaign ( #ahih4 ,by ,e4 ,n4 ,,b5nett1 ,fell[ ( ,h]t=d ,college4 ,) a ,photogravure ,portrait ( ,"l ,kit*5]4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,w4 ,k9naird ,rose4 ,,) ,,! ,,greeks ,,9 ,,!ssaly4 ,by ,w4 ,,k9naird ,,rose4 ,) ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,g4 ,w4 ,/eev5s4 ,,naval ,,policy3 ,by ,g4 ,w4 ,,/eev5s4 ,demy #hvo4 #fs4 ,d4 ,hannay4 ,a ,,%ort ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,royal ,,navy1 ,,f ,,e>ly ,,times ,,to ,,! ,,pres5t ,,day4 ,by ,,david ,,hannay4 ,illu/rat$4 #b ,vols4 ,demy #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,vol4 ,i41 #abjj-afhh4 ',we read x f cov] to cov] at a sitt+1 & ^? :o g to x = a lively & brisk picture ( ! pa/1 ) all its faults & its gr&eur1 w n be disappo9t$4 ,! hi/orian is end[$ ) lit]>y skill & /yle4'--,/&>d4 ,e4 ,l4 ,s4 ,horsburgh4 ,,wat]loo3 ,a ,n>rative & ,criticism4 ,by ,e4 ,l4 ,s4 ,,horsburgh1 ,m4,a4 ,) ,plans4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #es4 ',a brilliant essay--simple1 s\nd1 & ?or\gh4'--,daily ,*ronicle4 ,h4 ,b4 ,george4 ,,battles ,,( ,,engli% ,,hi/ory4 ,by ,h4 ,b4 ,,george1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ ( ,new ,college1 ,ox=d4 ,) num]\s ,plans4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ',mr4 ,george has und]tak5 a v useful task--t ( mak+ milit>y affairs intelligible & in/ructive to non-milit>y read]s--& has execut$ x ) a l>ge measure ( success4'--,times4 ,,g5]al ,,lit]ature ,s4 ,b>+ ,g\ld4 ,,old ,,c\ntry ,,life4 ,by ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld4 ,) ,sixty-sev5 ,illu/rations4 ,l>ge ,cr4 #hvo4 ,fif? ,edition4 #fs4 ',old ,c\ntry ,life1 z heal?y :olesome read+1 full ( breezy life & movem5t1 full ( qua9t /ories vigor\sly told1 w n be excell$ by any book to be publi%$ ?r\gh\t ! ye>4 ,s\nd1 he>ty1 & ,engli% to ! core4'--,_w4 ,s4 ,b>+ ,g\ld4 ,,an ,,old ,,engli% ,,home4 ,by ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld4 ,) num]\s ,plans & ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',! *apt]s are delightfully fre%1 v in=m+1 & light5$ by _m a good /ory4 ,a delightful fireside companion4'--,/4 ,james's ,gazette4 ,s4 ,b>+ ,g\ld4 ,,hi/oric ,,oddities ,,& ,,/range ,,ev5ts4 ,by ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld4 ,fif? ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,s4 ,b>+ ,g\ld4 ,,freaks ,,( ,,fanaticism4 ,by ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,s4 ,b>+ ,g\ld4 ,a ,,g>l& ,,( ,,c\ntry ,,song3 ,engli% ,folk ,songs ) _! ,traditional ,melodies4 ,collect$ & arrang$ by ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld & ,h4 ,f4 ,,%epp>d4 ,demy #dto4 #fs4 ,s4 ,b>+ ,g\ld4 ,,songs ,,( ,,! ,,we/3 ,traditional ,ballads & ,songs ( ! ,we/ ( ,engl&1 ) _! ,melodies4 ,collect$ by ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld1 ,m4,a41 & ,h4 ,f4 ,,%epp>d1 ,m4,a4 ,9 #d ,p>ts4 ,p>ts ,i41 ,,ii41 ,,iii41 #cs4 ea*4 ,"p ,,iv41 #es4 ,9 "o ,vol41 ,fr5* morocco1 #aes4 ',a ri* collection ( hum\r1 pa?os1 grace1 & poetic fancy4'--,saturday ,review4 ,s4 ,b>+ ,g\ld4 ,,york%ire ,,oddities ,,& ,,/range ,,ev5ts4 ,by ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld4 ,fif? ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,s4 ,b>+ ,g\ld4 ,,/range ,,survivals ,,& ,,sup]/itions4 ,by ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld4 ,cr4 #hvo4 ,second ,edition4 #fs4 ,m>ie ,corelli4 ,,! ,,pass+ ,,( ,,! ,,great ,,que53 ,a ,tribute to ! ,noble ,life ( ,victoria ,reg9a4 ,by ,,m>ie ,,corelli4 ,small #dto4 #as4 ,cotton ,m9*94 ,,old ,,h>r[ ,,days4 ,by ,j4 ,g4 ,,cotton ,,m9*94 ,cr4 #hvo4 ,second ,edition4 #es4 ,w4 ,e4 ,glad/one4 ,,! ,,spee*es ,,( ,,! ,,rt4 ,,hon4 ,w4 ,e4 ,,glad/one1 ,m4,p4 ,edit$ by ,a4 ,w4 ,,hutton1 ,m4,a41 & ,h4 ,j4 ,,coh51 ,m4,a4 ,) ,portraits4 ,demy #hvo4 ,vols4 ,,ix4 & ,x41 #abs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,m4 ,n4 ,ox=d4 ,a ,,h&book ,,( ,,nurs+4 ,by ,m4 ,n4 ,,ox=d1 ( ,guy's ,hospital4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ',! mo/ useful "w ( ! k9d t we h se54 ,a mo/ valuable & practical manual4'--,man*e/] ,gu>dian4 ,e4 ,v4 ,z5k]4 ,,an>*ism4 ,by ,e4 ,v4 ,,z5k]4 ,demy #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,emily ,lawless4 ,a ,,g>d5 ,,di>y4 ,by ! ,hon4 ,,emily ,,lawless4 ,demy #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,s4 ,j4 ,duncan4 ,,on ,,! ,,o!r ,,side ,,( ,,! ,,lat*4 ,by ,,s>a ,,jeannette ,,duncan 7,mrs4 ,,cotes74 ,au?or ( ',a ,voyage ( ,consolation4' ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,w4 ,williamson4 ,,! ,,briti% ,,g>d5]4 ,by ,w4 ,,williamson4 ,illu/rat$4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,arnold ,:ite4 ,,effici5cy ,,& ,,empire4 ,by ,,arnold ,,:ite4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',/imulat+ & ent]ta9+ ?r\gh\t1 x des]ves ! att5tion ( e patriotic ,engli%man4'--,daily ,mail4 ',a notable book4'--,lit]ature4 ',a book ( s\nd "w1 deep ?\ght1 & a s9c]e endeav\r to r\se ! ,briti% to a k ( ! value ( _! ,empire4'--,bookman4 ',a m vigor\s "w has n be5 writt5 = _m ye>s4'--,review ( ! ,week4 ,a4 ,silva ,:ite4 ,,! ,,expansion ,,( ,,egypt3 ,a ,political & ,hi/orical ,survey4 ,by ,a4 ,,silva ,,:ite4 ,) f\r ,special ,maps4 ,demy #hvo4 #aes4 net4 ',?is is emphatically ! be/ acc\nt ( ,egypt z x is "u ,engli% control t has be5 publi%$ = _m ye>s4'--,spectator4 ,*as4 ,ri*>dson4 ,,! ,,engli% ,,turf4 ,by ,,*>les ,,ri*>dson4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations & ,plans4 ,demy #hvo4 #aes4 ',z a record ( horses & c\rses1 ?is "w is a valuable addition to ! lit]ature ( ! ,turf4 ,x is cramm$ ) s\nd in=mation1 & ) reflections & sugge/ions t are born ( a ?or\gh k ( ! subject4'--,scotsman4 ',a book :i* is sure to f9d _m read]s2 writt5 ) consummate k & 9 an easy1 agreeable /yle4'--,daily ,*ronicle4 ',f its s5sible introduction to its v complex index1 ?is is ab\t ! be/ book t we are likely = "s "t to see ^u ! subject ) :i* x deals4'--,a!num4 ,philip ,trevor4 ,,! ,,light] ,,side ,,( ,,cricket4 ,by ,capta9 ,,philip ,,trevor 7,,dux74 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,a highly int]e/+ volume1 deal+ ) su* subjects z c\nty cricket1 village cricket1 cricket = boys & girls1 lit]>y cricket1 & v>i\s o!r subjects :i* d n require a sev]e & te*nical treatm5t4 ',a :olly ent]ta9+ book4'--,glasg[ ,h]ald4 ',! mo/ welcome book on our national game publi%$ = ye>s4'--,c\ntry ,g5tleman4 ,pet] ,beck=d4 ,,?\ghts ,,on ,,hunt+4 ,by ,,pet] ,,beck=d4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,,o?o ,,paget1 & ,illu/rat$ by ,g4 ,h4 ,,jall&4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ',beck=d's ,?\ghts on ,hunt+ has long be5 a classic ) sportsm51 & ! pres5t edition w g f> to make x a fav\rite ) lov]s ( lit]ature4'--,speak]4 ,e4 ,b4 ,mi*ell4 ,,! ,,art ,,& ,,practice ,,( ,,hawk+4 ,by ,e4 ,b4 ,,mi*ell4 ,) #c ,photogravures by ,g4 ,e4 ,,lodge1 & o!r illu/rations4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ',no book is m full & au?oritative ?an ?is h&some treatise4'--,morn+ ,lead]4 ,h4 ,g4 ,hut*9son4 ,,! ,,golf+ ,,pilgrim4 ,by ,,horace ,g4 ,,hut*9son4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',)\t ?is book ! golf]'s libr>y w be incomplete4'--,pall ,mall ,gazette4 ,j4 ,wells4 ,,ox=d ,,& ,,ox=d ,,life4 ,by ,memb]s ( ! ,univ]sity4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,,wells1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ & ,tutor ( ,wadham ,college4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,c4 ,g4 ,rob]tson4 ,,voces ,,academic4 ,by ,c4 ,,grant ,,rob]tson1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ ( ,all ,s\ls'1 ,ox=d4 ,) a ,frontispiece4 ,pott #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ',decid$ly clev] & amus+4'--,a!num4 ,rosem>y ,cotes4 ,,dante',s ,,g>d54 ,by ,,rosem>y ,,cotes4 ,) a ,frontispiece4 ,second ,edition4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,lea!r1 #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ',a *>m+ collection ( leg5ds ( ! fl[]s m5tion$ by ,dante4'--,academy4 ,clif=d ,h>rison4 ,,read+ ,,& ,,read]s4 ,by ,,clif=d ,,h>rison4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ',an extremely s5sible little book4'--,man*e/] ,gu>dian4 ,l4 ,:ibley4 ,,greek ,,olig>*ies3 ,,_! ,,organisation ,,& ,,"*4 ,by ,l4 ,,:ibley1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ ( ,pembroke ,college1 ,cambridge4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,l4 ,l4 ,price4 ,,economic ,,sci5ce ,,& ,,practice4 ,by ,l4 ,l4 ,,price1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ ( ,oriel ,college1 ,ox=d4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,j4 ,s4 ,%$lock4 ,,! ,,pian(orte ,,sonata3 ,its ,orig9 & ,developm5t4 ,by ,j4 ,s4 ,,%$lock4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #es4 ',?is "w %\ld be 9 ! possession ( e musician & amateur4 ,a concise & lucid hi/ory & a v valuable "w = ref]5ce4'--,a!num4 ,a4 ,hulme ,beaman4 ,,pons ,,as9orum2 ,,or1 ,a ,,guide ,,to ,,bridge4 ,by ,a4 ,,hulme ,,beaman4 ,second ,edition4 ,fcap #hvo4 #bs4 ,a practical guide1 ) _m specim5 games1 to ! new game ( ,bridge4 ,e4 ,m4 ,b[d54 ,,! ,,example ,,( ,,buddha3 ,be+ ,quotations f ,buddhi/ ,lit]ature = ea* ,day 9 ! ,ye>4 ,compil$ by ,e4 ,m4 ,,b[d54 ,?ird ,edition4 #afmo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,f4 ,w>e4 ,,educational ,,re=m4 ,by ,,fabian ,,w>e1 ,m4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,sidney ,peel4 ,,practical ,,lic5s+ ,,re=m4 ,by ! ,hon4 ,,sidney ,,peel1 late ,fell[ ( ,tr9ity ,college1 ,ox=d1 & ,secret>y to ! ,royal ,commission on ! ,lic5s+ ,laws4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,philosophy ,l4 ,t4 ,hobh\se4 ,,! ,,!ory ,,( ,,k4 ,by ,l4 ,t4 ,,hobh\se1 ,fell[ ( ,c4,c4,c41 ,ox=d4 ,demy #hvo4 #bas4 ',! mo/ important contribution to ,engli% philosophy s9ce ! publication ( ,mr4 ,bradley's ,appe>ance & ,reality4'--,glasg[ ,h]ald4 ,w4 ,h4 ,fairbro!r4 ,,! ,,philosophy ,,( ,t4 ,h4 ,,gre54 ,by ,w4 ,h4 ,,fairbro!r1 ,m4,a4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ',9 e way an admirable book4'--,glasg[ ,h]ald4 ,f4 ,w4 ,bussell4 ,,! ,,s*ool ,,( ,,plato4 ,by ,f4 ,w4 ,,bussell1 ,d4,d41 ,fell[ ( ,bras5ose ,college1 ,ox=d4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,f4 ,s4 ,grang]4 ,,! ,,wor%ip ,,( ,,! ,,romans4 ,by ,f4 ,s4 ,,grang]1 ,m4,a41 ,litt4,d4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,,sci5ce ,e4 ,h4 ,colbeck4 ,,diseases ,,( ,,! ,,he>t4 ,by ,e4 ,h4 ,,colbeck1 ,m4,d4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations4 ,demy #hvo4 #abs4 ,w4 ,c4 ,c4 ,pakes4 ,,! ,,sci5ce ,,( ,,hygi5e4 ,by ,w4 ,c4 ,c4 ,,pakes4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations4 ,demy #hvo4 #aes4 ',a ?or\ghgo+ work+ text-book ( its subject1 practical & well-/ock$4'--,scotsman4 ,a4 ,t4 ,h>e4 ,,! ,,con/ruction ,,( ,,l>ge ,,induction ,,coils4 ,by ,a4 ,t4 ,,h>e1 ,m4,a4 ,) num]\s ,diagrams4 ,demy #hvo4 #fs4 ,j4 ,e4 ,m>r4 ,,! ,,sci5tific ,,/udy ,,( ,,sc5]y4 ,by ,j4 ,e4 ,,m>r1 ,f4,r4,s41 ,fell[ ( ,/4 ,john's ,college1 ,cambridge4 ,illu/rat$4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',a volume1 mod]ate 9 size & readable 9 /yle1 :i* w be acceptable alike to ! /ud5t ( geology & geography1 & to ! t\ri/4'--,a!num4 ,j4 ,ritzema ,bos4 ,,agricultural ,,zoology4 ,by ,dr4 ,j4 ,,ritzema ,,bos4 ,translat$ by ,j4 ,r4 ,,a9swor? ,,davis1 ,m4,a4 ,) an ,introduction by ,,eleanor ,a4 ,,orm]od1 ,f4,e4,s4 ,) #aee ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ',! illu/rations are exce$+ly good1 :il/ ! in=mation convey$ is invaluable4'--,c\ntry ,g5tleman4 ,ed4 von ,freud5rei*4 ,,dairy ,,bact]iology4 ,a ,%ort ,manual = ! ,use ( ,/ud5ts4 ,by ,dr4 ,,ed4 ,,von ,,freud5rei*1 ,translat$ by ,j4 ,r4 ,,a9swor? ,,davis1 ,m4,a4 ,second ,edition1 ,revis$4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,*alm]s ,mit*ell4 ,,outl9es ,,( ,,biology4 ,by ,p4 ,,*alm]s ,,mit*ell1 ,m4,a4 ,illu/rat$4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,a text-book design$ to cov] ! new ,s*$ule issu$ by ! ,royal ,college ( ,physicians & ,surgeons4 ,george ,massee4 ,a ,,monograph ,,( ,,! ,,myxoga/res4 ,by ,,george ,,massee4 ,) #ab ,col\r$ ,plates4 ,royal #hvo4 #ahs4 net4 ',a "w mu* 9 advance ( any book 9 ! language treat+ ( ?is gr\p ( organisms4 ,indisp5sable to e /ud5t ( ! ,myxoga/res4'--,nature4 ,c4 ,/eph5son & ,f4 ,sudd>ds4 ,,ornam5tal ,,design ,,= ,,wov5 ,,fabrics4 ,by ,c4 ,,/eph5son1 ( ! ,te*nical ,college1 ,brad=d1 & ,f4 ,,sudd>ds1 ( ! ,york%ire ,college1 ,le$s4 ,) #fe full-page plates4 ,demy #hvo4 ,second ,edition4 #gs4 #f;d4 ',! book is v ably done1 display+ an intimate k ( pr9ciples1 good ta/e1 & ! faculty ( cle> exposition4'--,york%ire ,po/4 ,c4 ,c4 ,*ann] & ,m4 ,e4 ,rob]ts4 ,,lace-,,mak+ ,,9 ,,! ,,midl&s1 ,,pa/ ,,& ,,pres5t4 ,by ,c4 ,c4 ,,*ann] & ,m4 ,e4 ,,rob]ts4 ,) #af full-page ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ',an int]e/+ book1 illu/rat$ by fasc9at+ photographs4'--,speak]4 ,,!ology ,w4 ,r4 ,+e4 ,,*ri/ian ,,my/icism4 ,! ,bampton ,lectures = #ahii4 ,by ,w4 ,r4 ,,+e1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ & ,tutor ( ,h]t=d ,college1 ,ox=d4 ,demy #hvo4 #abs4 #f;d4 net4 ',x is fully wor?y ( ! be/ traditions connect$ ) ! ,bampton ,lecture%ip4'--,record4 ,lady ,julian ( ,norwi*4 ,,revelations ,,( ,,div9e ,,love4 ,by ! ,,lady ,,julian ( ,norwi*4 ,edit$ by ,,grace ,,w>rack4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,a p>tially mod]nis$ v]sion1 f ! ,,ms4 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ( a book :i* ,dr4 ,dalgairns t]ms ',"o ( ! mo/ rem>kable books ( ! ,middle ,ages4' ,mr4 ,+e 9 8 ,bampton ,lectures on ,*ri/ian ,my/icism calls x ',! beautiful b little kn[n ,revelations4' ,r4 ,m4 ,b5son4 ,,! ,,way ,,( ,,hol9ess3 a ,devotional ,comm5t>y on ! #aai? ,psalm4 ,by ,r4 ,m4 ,,b5son1 ,m4,a41 ( ! ,c[ley ,mission1 ,ox=d4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #es4 ',8 facility is delightful1 & 8 v s\nd & accurate !ological s5se saves him f _m ( ! obvi\s dang]s ( su* a gift4 ,give him a ^w or a numb] & at once !re spr+s =? a f]tile /ream ( ?\ght1 nev] commonplace1 usually bo? deep & fre%4 ,= devotional purposes we ?9k ?is book mo/ valuable4 ,read]s w f9d a great weal? ( ?\ght if !y use ! book simply z a help to m$itation4'--,gu>dian4 ,jacob ,behm54 ,,! ,,sup]s5sual ,,life4 ,by ,,jacob ,,behm54 ,edit$ by ,,b]n>d ,,holl&4 ,fcap #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,s4 ,r4 ,driv]4 ,,s]mons ,,on ,,subjects ,,connect$ ,,) ,,! ,,old ,,te/am5t4 ,by ,s4 ,r4 ,,driv]1 ,d4,d41 ,canon ( ,*ri/ ,*ur*1 ,regius ,pr(essor ( ,hebrew 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,ox=d4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ',a welcome companion to ! au?or's fam\s ,introduction4'--,gu>dian4 ,t4 ,k4 ,*eyne4 ,,f\nd]s ,,( ,,old ,,te/am5t ,,criticism4 ,by ,t4 ,k4 ,,*eyne1 ,d4,d41 ,oriel ,pr(essor at ,ox=d4 ,l>ge ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,a hi/orical sket* ( ,o4 ,t4 ,criticism4 ,walt] ,lock4 ,,/4 ,,paul1 ,,! ,,ma/]-,,build]4 ,by ,,walt] ,,lock1 ,d4,d41 ,w>d5 ( ,keble ,college4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ',! ess5ce ( ! ,paul9e tea*+ is cond5s$ into little m ?an a hundr$ pages1 yet no po9t ( importance is ov]look$4'--,gu>dian4 ,f4 ,s4 ,grang]4 ,,! ,,s\l ,,( ,a ,,*ri/ian4 ,by ,f4 ,s4 ,,grang]1 ,m4,a41 ,litt4,d4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,a book deal+ ) ! evolution ( ! religi\s life & exp]i5ces4 ',a rem>kable book4'--,glasg[ ,h]ald4 ',bo? a s*ol>ly & ?\ghtful book4'--,scotsman4 ,h4 ,ra%dall4 ,,doctr9e ,,& ,,developm5t4 ,by ,,ha/+s ,,ra%dall1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ & ,tutor ( ,new ,college1 ,ox=d4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,h4 ,h4 ,h5son4 ,,apo/olic ,,*ri/ianity3 ,z ,illu/rat$ by ! ,epi/les ( ,/4 ,paul to ! ,cor9?ians4 ,by ,h4 ,h4 ,,h5son1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ ( ,all ,s\ls'1 ,ox=d1 ,canon ( ,we/m9/]4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,h4 ,h4 ,h5son4 ,,discipl9e ,,& ,,law4 ,by ,h4 ,,h5sley ,,h5son1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ ( ,all ,s\ls'1 ,ox=d4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,h4 ,h4 ,h5son4 ,,light ,,& ,,leav53 ,,hi/orical ,,& ,,social ,,s]mons4 ,by ,h4 ,h4 ,,h5son1 ,m4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,j4 ,h\ghton ,k5n$y4 ,,/4 ,,paul',s ,,second ,,& ,,?ird ,,epi/les ,,to ,,! ,,cor9?ians4 ,) ,introduction1 ,diss]tations1 & ,notes1 by ,,james ,,h\ghton ,,k5n$y1 ,d4,d41 ,assi/ant ,lectur] 9 ,div9ity 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,dubl94 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,b5nett & ,ad5ey4 ,a ,,biblical ,,introduction4 ,by ,w4 ,h4 ,,b5nett1 ,m4,a41 & ,w4 ,f4 ,,ad5ey1 ,m4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ',x makes available to ! ord9>y read] ! be/ s*ol>%ip ( ! day 9 ! field ( ,biblical introduction4 ,we "k ( no book :i* comes into competition ) x4'--,man*e/] ,gu>dian4 ,w4 ,h4 ,b5nett4 ,a ,,prim] ,,( ,,! ,,bible4 ,by ,w4 ,h4 ,,b5nett4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ',! "w ( an hone/1 fe>less1 & s\nd critic1 & an excell5t guide 9 a small compass to ! books ( ! ,bible4'--,man*e/] ,gu>dian4 ,c4 ,f4 ,g4 ,ma/]man4 ,,t5nyson ,,z ,a ,,religi\s ,,tea*]4 ,by ,c4 ,f4 ,g4 ,,ma/]man4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',a ?\ghtful & p5etrat+ appreciation1 full ( int]e/ & sugge/ion4'--,_w4 ,william ,h>rison4 ,,clovelly ,,s]mons4 ,by ,,william ,,h>rison1 ,m4,a41 late ,rector ( ,clovelly4 ,) a ,preface by ',,lucas ,,malet4' ,cr4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,cecilia ,rob9son4 ,,! ,,m9i/ry ,,( ,,deaconesses4 ,by ,deaconess ,,cecilia ,,rob9son4 ,) an ,introduction by ! ,"l ,bi%op ( ,w9*e/]4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ',a le>n$ & int]e/+ book4'--,scotsman4 ,e4 ,b4 ,lay>d4 ,,religion ,,9 ,,boyhood4 ,notes on ! ,religi\s ,tra9+ ( ,boys4 ,by ,e4 ,b4 ,,lay>d1 ,m4,a4 #ahmo4 #as4 ,t4 ,h]b]t ,b9dley4 ,,! ,,oecum5ical ,,docum5ts ,,( ,,! ,,fai?4 ,edit$ ) ,introductions & ,notes by ,t4 ,,h]b]t ,,b9dley1 ,b4,d41 ,m]ton ,college1 ,ox=d4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,a hi/orical acc\nt ( ! ,cre$s4 ,h4 ,m4 ,b>ron4 ,,texts ,,= ,,s]mons ,,on ,,v>i\s ,,occasions ,,& ,,subjects4 ,compil$ & ,arrang$ by ,h4 ,m4 ,,b>ron1 ,b4,a41 ( ,wadham ,college1 ,ox=d1 ) a ,preface by ,canon ,,scott ,,holl&4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,w4 ,yorke ,fausset4 ,,! ,,de ,,cate*iz&is ,,rudibus ,,( ,,/4 ,,augu/9e4 ,edit$1 ) ,introduction1 ,notes1 etc41 by ,w4 ,,yorke ,,fausset1 ,m4,a4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,j4 ,h4 ,burn4 ,,! ,,s\l',s ,,pilgrimage3 ,devotional ,read+s f ! publi%$ & unpubli%$ writ+s ( ,,george ,,body1 ,d4,d4 ,select$ & arrang$ by ,j4 ,h4 ,,burn1 ,b4,d4 ,pott #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,f4 ,we/on4 ,,! ,,holy ,,sacrifice4 ,by ,f4 ,,we/on1 ,m4,a41 ,curate ( ,/4 ,mat!w's1 ,we/m9/]4 ,pott #hvo4 #f;d4 net4 ,kempis4 ,,! ,,imitation ,,( ,,*ri/4 ,by ,,?omas ,,kempis4 ,) an ,introduction by ,,dean ,,f>r>4 ,illu/rat$ by ,c4 ,m4 ,,g]e4 ,second ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,padd$ morocco1 #es4 ',among/ all ! innum]able ,engli% editions ( ! ,imitation1 !re c h be5 few :i* 7 pretti] ?an ?is "o1 pr9t$ 9 /rong & h&some type1 ) all ! glory ( r$ initials4'--,glasg[ ,h]ald4 ,j4 ,keble4 ,,! ,,*ri/ian ,,ye>4 ,by ,,john ,,keble4 ,) an ,introduction & ,notes by ,w4 ,,lock1 ,d4,d41 ,w>d5 ( ,keble ,college4 ,illu/rat$ by ,r4 ,,ann+ ,,bell4 ,second ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,padd$ morocco4 #es4 ',! pres5t edition is annotat$ ) all ! c>e & insight to be expect$ f ,mr4 ,lock4'--,gu>dian4 ,ox=d ,comm5t>ies ,g5]al ,editor1 ,,walt] ,,lock1 ,d4,d41 ,w>d5 ( ,keble ,college1 ,dean4 ,irel&'s ,pr(essor ( ,exegesis 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,ox=d4 ,,! ,,book ,,( ,,job4 ,edit$1 ) ,introduction & ,notes1 by ,e4 ,c4 ,s4 ,,gibson1 ,d4,d41 ,vic> ( ,le$s4 ,demy #hvo4 #fs4 ',! publi%]s are to be congratulat$ on ! />t ! s]ies has made4'--,times4 ',dr4 ,gibson's "w is wor?y ( a high degree ( appreciation4 ,to ! busy work] & ! intellig5t /ud5t ! comm5t>y w be a real boon2 & x w1 if we are n mi/ak51 be mu* 9 dem&4 ,! ,introduction is almo/ a model ( concise1 /raight=w>d1 prefatory rem>ks on ! subject treat$4'--,a!num4 ,h&books ( ,!ology ,g5]al ,editor1 ,a4 ,,rob]tson1 ,d4,d41 ,pr9cipal ( ,k+'s ,college1 ,london4 ,,! ,,xxxix4 ,,articles ,,( ,,! ,,*ur* ,,( ,,engl&4 ,edit$ ) an ,introduction by ,e4 ,c4 ,s4 ,,gibson1 ,d4,d41 ,vic> ( ,le$s1 late ,pr9cipal ( ,wells ,!ological ,college4 ,second & ,*eap] ,edition 9 ,"o ,volume4 ,demy #hvo4 #abs4 #f;d4 ',we welcome ) ! utmo/ satisfaction a new1 *eap]1 & m conv5i5t edition ( ,dr4 ,gibson's book4 ,x 0 greatly want$4 ,dr4 ,gibson has giv5 !ological /ud5ts j :at !y want1 & we %\ld l to ?9k t x 0 9 ! h&s ( e c&idate = ord]s4'--,gu>dian4 ,,an ,,introduction ,,to ,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,religion4 ,by ,f4 ,b4 ,,jevons1 ,m4,a41 ,litt4,d41 ,pr9cipal ( ,bi%op ,hatfield's ,hall4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ',! m]it ( ?is book lies 9 ! p5etration1 ! s+ul> acut5ess & =ce ( ! au?or's judgm5t4 ,he is at once critical & lum9\s1 at once j & sugge/ive4 ,a compreh5sive & ?or\gh book4'--,birm+ham ,po/4 ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,,! ,,inc>nation4 ,by ,r4 ,l4 ,,ottley1 ,m4,a41 late fell[ ( ,magdal5 ,college1 ,oxon41 & ,pr9cipal ( ,pusey ,h\se4 ,9 ,two ,volumes4 ,demy #hvo4 #aes4 ',a cle> & rem>kably full acc\nt ( ! ma9 curr5ts ( speculation4 ,s*ol>ly precision 444 g5u9e tol]ance 444 int5se int]e/ 9 8 subject--are ,mr4 ,ottley's m]its4'--,gu>dian4 ,,an ,,introduction ,,to ,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,cre$s4 ,by ,a4 ,e4 ,,burn1 ,b4,d41 ,exam9+ ,*apla9 to ! ,bi%op ( ,li*field4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ',?is book may be expect$ to hold its place z an au?ority on its subject4'--,spectator4 ,,! ,,philosophy ,,( ,,religion ,,9 ,,engl& ,,& ,,am]ica4 ,by ,,alfr$ ,,caldecott1 ,d4,d41 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ',s+ul>ly well-in=m$1 compreh5sive1 & fair4'--,glasg[ ,h]ald4 ',a lucid & in=mative acc\nt1 :i* c]ta9ly des]ves a place 9 e philosophical libr>y4'--,scotsman4 ,! ,*ur*man's ,libr>y ,g5]al ,editor1 ,j4 ,h4 ,,burn1 ,b4,d41 ,exam9+ ,*apla9 to ! ,bi%op ( ,ab]de54 ,,! ,,beg9n+s ,,( ,,engli% ,,*ri/ianity4 ,by ,w4 ,e4 ,,coll9s1 ,m4,a4 ,) ,map4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ',an excell5t example ( ?or\gh & fre% hi/orical "w4'--,gu>dian4 ,,"s ,,new ,,te/am5t ,,problems4 ,by ,,ar?ur ,,wright1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ ( ,que5's ,college1 ,cambridge4 ,cr[n #hvo1 #fs4 ',real /ud5ts w revel 9 ^! rev]5t1 acute1 & pregnant essays 9 ,biblical s*ol>%ip4'--,great ,?\ghts4 ,,! ,,k+dom ,,( ,,heav5 ,,"h ,,& ,,h]eaft]4 ,by ,,canon ,,w9t]bo?am1 ,m4,a41 ,b4,sc41 ,,ll4,b4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ',a mo/ able book at once exce$+ly ?\ghtful & ri*ly sugge/ive4'--,glasg[ ,h]ald4 ,,! ,,workman%ip ,,( ,,! ,,pray] ,,book3 ,its ,lit]>y & ,liturgical ,aspects4 ,by ,j4 ,,d[d51 ,d4,d41 ,"l ,bi%op ( ,ed9burgh4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ',s*ol>ly & int]e/+1'--,man*e/] ,gu>dian4 ,,evolution4 ,by ,f4 ,b4 ,,jevons1 ,m4,a41 ,litt4,d41 ,pr9cipal ( ,hatfield ,hall1 ,durham4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ',a well-writt5 book1 full ( s\nd ?9k+ happily express$4'--,man*e/] ,gu>dian4 ,! ,*ur*man's ,bible ,g5]al ,editor1 ,j4 ,h4 ,,burn1 ,b4,d4 ,messrs4 ,,me?u5 are issu+ a s]ies ( expositions ^u mo/ ( ! books ( ! ,bible4 ,! volumes w be practical & devotional1 & ! text ( ! au?oris$ v]sion is expla9$ 9 sections1 :i* w correspond z f> z possible ) ! ,*ur* ,lection>y4 ,,! ,,epi/le ,,( ,,/4 ,,paul ,,to ,,! ,,galatians4 ,expla9$ by ,a4 ,w4 ,,rob9son1 ,vic> ( ,all ,hall[s1 ,b>k+4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 net4 ',! mo/ attractive1 s5sible1 & in/ructive manual = p at l>ge1 :i* we h ev] se54'--,*ur* ,gazette4 ,,ecclesia/es4 ,expla9$ by ,a4 ,w4 ,,/reane1 ,d4,d4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 net4 ',s*ol>ly1 sugge/ive1 & p>ticul>ly int]e/+4'--,bookman4 ,,! ,,epi/le ,,( ,,paul ,,! ,,apo/le ,,to ,,! ,,philippians4 ,expla9$ by ,c4 ,r4 ,d4 ,,biggs1 ,b4,d4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 net4 ',mr4 ,biggs' "w is v ?or\gh1 & he has manag$ to compress a good deal ( in=mation into a limit$ space4'--,gu>dian4 ,,! ,,epi/le ,,( ,,/4 ,,james4 ,edit$ by ,h4 ,w4 ,,ful=d1 ,m4,a4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 net4 ,! ,libr>y ( ,devotion ,pott #hvo1 clo?1 #bs42 lea!r1 #bs4 #f;d4 net4 ',?is s]ies is excell5t4'--,,! ,,bi%op ,,( ,,london4 ',v delightful4'--,,! ,,bi%op ,,( ,,ba? ,,& ,,wells4 ',well wor? ! att5tion ( ! ,cl]gy4'--,,! ,,bi%op ,,( ,,li*field4 ',! new ,libr>y ( ,devotion is excell5t4'--,,! ,,bi%op ,,( ,,pet]bor\gh4 ',*>m+4'--,record4 ',delightful4'--,*ur* ,bells4 ,,! ,,confessions ,,( ,,/4 ,,augu/9e4 ,newly ,translat$1 ) an ,introduction & ,notes1 by ,c4 ,,bigg1 ,d4,d41 late ,/ud5t ( ,*ri/ ,*ur*4 ,?ird ,edition4 ',! translation is an excell5t piece ( ,engli%1 & ! introduction is a ma/]ly exposition4 ,we augur well ( a s]ies :i* beg9s s satisfactorily4'--,times4 ,,! ,,*ri/ian ,,ye>4 ,by ,,john ,,keble4 ,) ,introduction & ,notes by ,,walt] ,,lock1 ,d4,d41 ,w>d5 ( ,keble ,college1 ,irel& ,pr(essor at ,ox=d4 ,,! ,,imitation ,,( ,,*ri/4 ,a ,revis$ ,translation1 ) an ,introduction1 by ,c4 ,,bigg1 ,d4,d41 late ,/ud5t ( ,*ri/ ,*ur*4 ,second ,edition4 ,a practically new translation ( ?is book1 :i* ! read] has1 almo/ = ! fir/ "t1 exactly 9 ! %ape 9 :i* x left ! h&s ( ! au?or4 ,a ,,book ,,( ,,devotions4 ,by ,j4 ,w4 ,,/anbridge1 ,b4,d41 ,rector ( ,ba9ton1 ,canon ( ,york1 & sometime ,fell[ ( ,/4 ,john's ,college1 ,ox=d4 ',x is probably ! be/ book ( its k9d4 ,x des]ves high comm5dation4'--,*ur* ,gazette4 ,,lyra ,,innoc5tium4 ,by ,,john ,,keble4 ,edit$1 ) ,introduction & ,notes1 by ,,walt] ,,lock1 ,d4,d41 ,w>d5 ( ,keble ,college1 ,ox=d4 ',?is sweet & fragrant book has nev] be5 publi%$ m attractively4'--,academy4 ,a ,,s]i\s ,,call ,,to ,a ,,dev\t ,,& ,,holy ,,life4 ,by ,,william ,,law4 ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction1 by ,c4 ,,bigg1 ,d4,d41 late ,/ud5t ( ,*ri/ ,*ur*4 ,?is is a repr9t1 ^w = ^w & l9e = l9e1 ( ! ,editio ,pr9ceps4 ,,! ,,temple4 ,by ,,george ,,h]b]t4 ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction & ,notes1 by ,e4 ,c4 ,s4 ,,gibson1 ,d4,d41 ,vic> ( ,le$s4 ,?is edition conta9s ,walton's ,life ( ,h]b]t1 & ! text is t ( ! fir/ edition4 ,a ,,guide ,,to ,,et]nity4 ,by ,c>d9al ,,bona4 ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction & ,notes1 by ,j4 ,w4 ,,/anbridge1 ,b4,d41 late ,fell[ ( ,/4 ,john's ,college1 ,ox=d4 ,,! ,,psalms ,,( ,,david4 ,) an ,introduction & ,notes by ,b4 ,w4 ,,r&olph1 ,d4,d41 ,pr9cipal ( ! ,!ological ,college1 ,ely4 ,a devotional & practical edition ( ! ,pray] ,book v]sion ( ! ,psalms4 ,,lyra ,,apo/olica4 ,) an ,introduction by ,canon ,,scott ,,holl&1 & ,notes by ,h4 ,c4 ,,bee*+1 ,m4,a4 ,,! ,,inn] ,,way4 ,be+ ,?irty-six ,s]mons = ,fe/ivals by ,,john ,,taul]4 ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction1 by ,a4 ,w4 ,,hutton1 ,m4,a4 ,lead]s ( ,religion ,edit$ by ,h4 ,c4 ,,bee*+1 ,m4,a4 ,) ,portraits1 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,a s]ies ( %ort biographies ( ! mo/ prom95t lead]s ( religi\s life & ?\ght ( all ages & c\ntries4 ,! foll[+ are ready-- ,,c>d9al ,,newman4 ,by ,r4 ,h4 ,,hutton4 ,,john ,,wesley4 ,by ,j4 ,h4 ,,ov]ton1 ,m4,a4 ,,bi%op ,,wilb]=ce4 ,by ,g4 ,w4 ,,daniell1 ,m4,a4 ,,c>d9al ,,mann+4 ,by ,a4 ,w4 ,,hutton1 ,m4,a4 ,,*>les ,,simeon4 ,by ,h4 ,c4 ,g4 ,,m\le1 ,d4,d4 ,,john ,,keble4 ,by ,,walt] ,,lock1 ,d4,d4 ,,?omas ,,*alm]s4 ,by ,mrs4 ,,oliphant4 ,,lancelot ,,&rewes4 ,by ,r4 ,l4 ,,ottley1 ,m4,a4 ,,augu/9e ,,( ,,cant]bury4 ,by ,e4 ,l4 ,,cutts1 ,d4,d4 ,,william ,,laud4 ,by ,w4 ,h4 ,,hutton1 ,m4,a4 ,,john ,,knox4 ,by ,f4 ,,maccunn4 ,,john ,,h[e4 ,by ,r4 ,f4 ,,horton1 ,d4,d4 ,,bi%op ,,k54 ,by ,f4 ,a4 ,,cl>ke1 ,m4,a4 ,,george ,,fox1 ,,! ,,quak]4 ,by ,t4 ,,hodgk91 ,d4,c4,l4 ,,john ,,donne4 ,by ,,augu/us ,,jessopp1 ,d4,d4 ,,?omas ,,cranm]4 ,by ,a4 ,j4 ,,mason4 ,,bi%op ,,latim]4 ,by ,r4 ,m4 ,,c>lyle & ,a4 ,j4 ,,c>lyle1 ,m4,a4 ,o!r volumes w be ann\nc$ 9 due c\rse4 ,,fiction ,m>ie ,corelli's ,novels ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ea*4 ,a ,,romance ,,( ,,two ,,worlds4 ,tw5ty-,second ,edition4 ,,v5detta4 ,sev5te5? ,edition4 ,,!lma4 ,tw5ty-,fif? ,edition4 ,,arda?3 ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,a ,,dead ,,self4 ,?irte5? ,edition4 ,,! ,,s\l ,,( ,,lili?4 ,t5? ,edition4 ,,wormwood4 ,elev5? ,edition4 ,,b>abbas3 ,a ,,dream ,,( ,,! ,,_w',s ,,trag$y4 ,?irty-six? ,edition4 ',! t5d] rev]5ce ( ! treatm5t & ! imag9ative beauty ( ! writ+ h reconcil$ u to ! d>+ ( ! conception1 & ! conviction is =c$ on u t ev5 s exalt$ a subject _c be made too famili> to u1 provid$ x be pres5t$ 9 ! true _s ( ,*ri/ian fai?4 ,! amplifications ( ! ,scripture n>rative are (t5 conceiv$ ) high poetic insight1 & ?is ,dream ( ! ,_w's ,trag$y is a l(ty & n inadequate p>aphrase ( ! supreme climax ( ! inspir$ n>rative4'--,dubl9 ,review4 ,,! ,,sorr[s ,,( ,,satan4 ,=ty-,f\r? ,edition4 ',a v p[]ful piece ( "w4444 ,! conception is magnific5t1 & is likely to w9 an abid+ place )9 ! memory ( man4444 ,! au?or has imm5se comm& ( language1 & a limitless audacity4444 ,?is int]e/+ & rem>kable romance w live long aft] mu* ( ! ephem]al lit]ature ( ! day is =gott54444 ,a lit]>y ph5om5on 444 novel1 & ev5 sublime4'--,w4 ,t4 ,,/ead 9 ! ,review ( ,reviews4 ,,! ,,ma/] ,,*ri/ian4 #afj? ,?\s&4 ',x _c be d5i$ t ,! ,ma/] ,*ri/ian is a p[]ful book2 t x is "o likely to raise uncom=table que/ions 9 all b ! mo/ self-satisfi$ read]s1 & t x /rikes at ! root ( ! failure ( ! ,*ur*es--! decay ( fai?--9 a mann] :i* %[s ! inevitable disa/] heap+ up4444 ,! good ,c>d9al ,bonpr is a beautiful figure1 fit to /& beside ! good ,bi%op 9 ,les ,misrables4444 ,! *apt] 9 :i* ! ,c>d9al appe>s ) ,manuel be=e ,leo ,,xiii4 is *>act]is$ by extraord9>y realism & dramatic int5sity4444 ,x is a book ) a s]i\s purpose express$ ) absolute unconv5tionality & passion4444 ,& ?is is to say x is a book wor? read+4'--,exam9]4 ,an?ony ,hope's ,novels ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ea*4 ,,! ,,god ,,9 ,,! ,,c>4 ,n9? ,edition4 ',a v rem>kable book1 des]v+ ( critical analysis impossible )9 our limit2 brilliant1 b n sup]ficial2 well consid]$1 b n elaborat$2 con/ruct$ ) ! prov]bial art t conceals1 b yet all[s itself to be enjoy$ by read]s to :om f9e lit]>y me?od is a ke5 pleasure4'--,! ,_w4 ,a ,,*ange ,,( ,,air4 ,six? ,edition4 ',a graceful1 vivaci\s com$y1 true to human nature4 ,! *>act]s are trac$ ) a ma/]ly h&4'--,times4 ,a ,,man ,,( ,,m>k4 ,fif? ,edition4 ',( all ,mr4 ,hope's books1 ,a ,man ( ,m>k is ! "o :i* be/ comp>es ) ,! ,prison] ( ,z5da4'--,national ,obs]v]4 ,,! ,,*ronicles ,,( ,,c\nt ,,antonio4 ,f\r? ,edition4 ',x is a p]fectly en*ant+ /ory ( love & *ivalry1 & pure romance4 ,! ,c\nt is ! mo/ con/ant1 desp]ate1 & mode/ & t5d] ( lov]s1 a pe]less g5tleman1 an intrepid fight]1 a fai?ful fri5d1 & a magnanim\s foe4'--,gu>dian4 ,,phroso4 ,illu/rat$ by ,h4 ,r4 ,,mill>4 ,fif? ,edition4 ',! tale is ?or\ghly fre%1 quick ) vitality1 /irr+ ! blood4'--,/4 ,james's ,gazette4 ,,simon ,,dale4 ,illu/rat$4 ,fif? ,edition4 ',!re is se>*+ analysis ( human nature1 ) a mo/ +5i\sly con/ruct$ plot4 ,mr4 ,hope has drawn ! contra/s ( 8 wom5 ) m>vell\s subtlety & delicacy4'--,times4 ,,! ,,k+',s ,,mirror4 ,?ird ,edition4 ',9 elegance1 delicacy1 & tact x ranks ) ! be/ ( 8 novels1 :ile 9 ! wide range ( its portraiture & ! subtlety ( its analysis x surpasses all 8 e>li] v5tures4'--,spectator4 ,,quisante4 ,?ird ,edition4 ',! book is notable = a v high lit]>y quality1 & an impress ( p[] & ma/]y on e page4'--,daily ,*ronicle4 ,gilb]t ,p>k]'s ,novels ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ea*4 ,,pi]re ,,& ,,8 ,,p4 ,fif? ,edition4 ',/ories happily conceiv$ & f9ely execut$4 ,!re is /r5g? & g5ius 9 ,mr4 ,p>k]'s /yle4'--,daily ,telegraph4 ,,mrs4 ,,fal*ion4 ,f\r? ,edition4 ',a spl5did /udy ( "*4'--,a!num4 ,,! ,,translation ,,( ,a ,,savage4 ,second ,edition4 ',! plot is orig9al & "o difficult to "w out2 b ,mr4 ,p>k] has done x ) great skill & delicacy4'--,daily ,*ronicle4 ,,! ,,trail ,,( ,,! ,,sword4 ,illu/rat$4 ,sev5? ,edition4 ',a r\s+ & dramatic tale4 ,a book l ?is1 9 :i* swords fla%1 great surprises are und]tak51 & d>+ de$s done1 9 :i* m5 & wom5 live & love 9 ! old passionate way1 is a joy inexpressible4'--,daily ,*ronicle4 ,,:5 ,,valmond ,,came ,,to ,,pontiac3 ,! ,/ory ( a ,lo/ ,napoleon4 ,fif? ,edition4 ',"h we f9d romance--real1 brea?+1 liv+ romance4 ,! "* ( ,valmond is drawn un]r+ly4'--,pall ,mall ,gazette4 ,,an ,,adv5tur] ,,( ,,! ,,nor?3 ,! ,la/ ,adv5tures ( ',pretty ,pi]re4' ,second ,edition4 ',! pres5t book is full ( f9e & mov+ /ories ( ! great ,nor?1 & x w add to ,mr4 ,p>k]'s already high reputation4'--,glasg[ ,h]ald4 ,,! ,,seats ,,( ,,! ,,mighty4 ,illu/rat$4 ,elev5? ,edition4 ',mr4 ,p>k] has produc$ a really f9e hi/orical novel4'--,a!num4 ',a great book4'--,black & ,:ite4 ,,! ,,battle ,,( ,,! ,,/rong3 a ,romance ( ,two ,k+doms4 ,illu/rat$4 ,f\r? ,edition4 ',no?+ m vigor\s or m human has come f ,mr4 ,gilb]t ,p>k] ?an ?is novel4 ,x has all ! graphic p[] ( 8 la/ book1 ) tru] feel+ = ! romance1 bo? ( human life & wild nature4'--,lit]ature4 ,,! ,,pomp ,,( ,,! ,,lavilettes4 ,second ,edition4 #cs4 #f;d4 ',un=c$ pa?os1 & a deep] k ( human nature ?an ,mr4 ,p>k] has ev] display$ be=e4'--,pall ,mall ,gazette4 ,s4 ,b>+ ,g\ld's ,novels ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ea*4 ,,arm9ell4 ,fif? ,edition4 ,,uri?4 ,fif? ,edition4 ,,9 ,,! ,,ro> ,,( ,,! ,,sea4 ,sev5? ,edition4 ,,mrs4 ,,curg5v5 ,,( ,,curg5v54 ,f\r? ,edition4 ,,*eap ,,jack ,,zita4 ,f\r? ,edition4 ,,! ,,que5 ,,( ,,love4 ,fif? ,edition4 ,,m>g]y ,,( ,,que!r4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,,jacquetta4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,,kitty ,,alone4 ,fif? ,edition4 ,,no,,mi4 ,illu/rat$4 ,f\r? ,edition4 ,,! ,,broom-,,squire4 ,illu/rat$4 ,f\r? ,edition4 ,,! ,,p5nycomequicks4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,,d>tmoor ,,idylls4 ,,guavas ,,! ,,t9n]4 ,illu/rat$4 ,second ,edition4 ,,bladys4 ,illu/rat$4 ,second ,edition4 ,,domitia4 ,illu/rat$4 ,second ,edition4 ,,pabo ,,! ,,prie/4 ,,w9efr$4 ,illu/rat$4 ,second ,edition4 ,,! ,,frobi%]s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,conan ,doyle4 ,,r\nd ,,! ,,r$ ,,lamp4 ,by ,a4 ,,conan ,,doyle4 ,sev5? ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',! book is f> & away ! be/ view t has be5 v\*saf$ u beh9d ! sc5es ( ! consult+-room4'--,illu/rat$ ,london ,news4 ,/anley ,weyman4 ,,"u ,,! ,,r$ ,,robe4 ,by ,,/anley ,,weyman1 ,au?or ( ',a ,g5tleman ( ,france4' ,) ,illu/rations by ,r4 ,c4 ,,woodville4 ,sixte5? ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',e "o :o reads books at all mu/ read ?is ?rill+ romance1 f ! fir/ page ( :i* to ! la/ ! brea?less read] is hal$ along4 ,an inspiration ( manl9ess & c\rage4'--,daily ,*ronicle4 ,lucas ,malet4 ,,! ,,wages ,,( ,,s94 ,by ,,lucas ,,malet4 ,?irte5? ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,lucas ,malet4 ,,! ,,c>issima4 ,by ,,lucas ,,malet1 ,au?or ( ',! ,wages ( ,s91' etc4 ,f\r? ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,lucas ,malet4 ,,! ,,gateless ,,b>ri]4 ,by ,,lucas ,,malet1 ,au?or ( ',! ,wages ( ,s94' ,f\r? ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',! /ory is told ) a s5se ( /yle & a dramatic vig\r t makes x a pleasure to read4 ,! workman%ip ar\ses en?usiasm4'--,times4 ,w4 ,w4 ,jacobs4 ,a ,,ma/] ,,( ,,craft4 ,by ,w4 ,w4 ,,jacobs4 ,au?or ( ',_m ,c>goes4' ,illu/rat$4 ,f\r? ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ',c be unres]v$ly recomm5d$ to all :o h n lo/ _! appetite = :olesome laught]4'--,spectator4 ',! be/ humor\s book publi%$ = _m a day4'--,black & ,:ite4 ,w4 ,w4 ,jacobs4 ,,_m ,,c>goes4 ,by ,w4 ,w4 ,,jacobs4 ,tw5ty-fif? ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,w4 ,w4 ,jacobs4 ,,sea ,,ur*9s4 ,by ,w4 ,w4 ,,jacobs4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,edna ,lyall4 ,,d]rick ,,vaughan1 ,,noveli/4 #dbnd ?\s&4 ,by ,,edna ,,lyall4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,george ,giss+4 ,,! ,,t[n ,,travell]4 ,by ,,george ,,giss+1 ,au?or ( ',demos1' ',9 ! ,ye> ( ,jubilee1' etc4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ',x is a bright & witty book above all ?+s4 ,polly ,sp>kes is a spl5did bit ( "w4'--,pall ,mall ,gazette4 ',! _s ( ,dick5s is 9 x4'--,bookman4 ,george ,giss+4 ,,! ,,cr[n ,,( ,,life4 ,by ,,george ,,giss+1 ,au?or ( ',demos1' ',! ,t[n ,travell]1' etc4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,h5ry ,james4 ,,! ,,s(t ,,side4 ,by ,,h5ry ,,james1 ,au?or ( ',:at ,maisie ,knew4' ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',! amaz+ clev]ness m>ks ! great work]4'--,speak]4 ,h4 ,james4 ,,! ,,sacr$ ,,f\nt4 ,by ,,h5ry ,,james1 ,au?or ( ',:at ,maisie ,knew4' ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',! ,sacr$ ,f\nt is only = ! few1 b !y w prize x highly1 = x is wor?y ( its illu/ri\s au?or4'--,pall ,mall ,gazette4 ,s4 ,r4 ,crockett4 ,,lo*9v>4 ,by ,s4 ,r4 ,,crockett1 ,au?or ( ',! ,raid]s1' etc4 ,illu/rat$4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',full ( gallantry & pa?os1 ( ! cla% ( arms1 & bright5$ by episodes ( hum\r & love4'--,we/m9/] ,gazette4 ,s4 ,r4 ,crockett4 ,,! ,,/&>d ,,be>]4 ,by ,s4 ,r4 ,,crockett4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',a delightful tale4'--,speak]4 ',mr4 ,crockett at 8 be/4'--,lit]ature4 ,ar?ur ,morrison4 ,,tales ,,( ,,mean ,,/reets4 ,by ,,ar?ur ,,morrison4 ,fif? ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,told ) consummate art & extraord9>y detail4 ,9 ! true humanity ( ! book lies its ju/ification1 ! p]man5ce ( its int]e/1 & its indubitable triumph4'--,a!num4 ',a great book4 ,! au?or's me?od is amaz+ly effective1 & produces a ?rill+ s5se ( reality4 ,! writ] lays ^u u a ma/] h&4 ,! book is simply appall+ & irresi/ible 9 its int]e/4 ,x is humor\s also2 )\t hum\r x w\ld n make ! m>k x is c]ta9 to make4'--,_w4 ,ar?ur ,morrison4 ,a ,,*ild ,,( ,,! ,,jago4 ,by ,,ar?ur ,,morrison4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ',! book is a ma/]piece4'--,pall ,mall ,gazette4 ',told ) great vig\r & p[]ful simplicity4'--,a!num4 ,ar?ur ,morrison4 ,,to ,,london ,,t[n4 ,by ,,ar?ur ,,morrison1 ,au?or ( ',tales ( ,mean ,/reets1' etc4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',we h idyllic pictures1 woodl& sc5es full ( t5d]ness & grace4444 ,?is is ! new ,mr4 ,ar?ur ,morrison graci\s & t5d]1 sympa!tic & human4'--,daily ,telegraph4 ,ar?ur ,morrison4 ,,cunn+ ,,murrell4 ,by ,,ar?ur ,,morrison1 ,au?or ( ',a ,*ild ( ! ,jago1' etc4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',! plot hangs admirably4 ,! dialogue is p]fect4'--,daily ,mail4 ',admirable4444 ,delightful humor\s relief 444 a mo/ arti/ic & satisfactory a*ievem5t4'--,spectator4 ,max ,pemb]ton4 ,,! ,,foot/eps ,,( ,a ,,?rone4 ,by ,,max ,,pemb]ton4 ,illu/rat$4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',a /ory ( pure adv5ture1 ) a s5sation on e page4'--,daily ,mail4 ,m4 ,su!rl&4 ,,"o ,,h\r ,,& ,,! ,,next4 ,by ,,! ,,du*ess ,,( ,,su!rl&4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',passionate1 vivid1 dramatic4'--,lit]ature4 ,mrs4 ,clif=d4 ,a ,,fla% ,,( ,,summ]4 ,by ,mrs4 ,w4 ,k4 ,,clif=d1 ,au?or ( ',aunt ,anne1' etc4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',! /ory is a v beautiful "o1 exquisitely told4'--,speak]4 ,emily ,lawless4 ,,hurri%4 ,by ! ,honble4 ,,emily ,,lawless1 ,au?or ( ',mael*o1' etc4 ,fif? ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,emily ,lawless4 ,,mael*o3 a ,sixte5? ,c5tury ,romance4 ,by ! ,honble4 ,,emily ,,lawless4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',a really great book4'--,spectator4 ,emily ,lawless4 ,,traits ,,& ,,confid5ces4 ,by ! ,honble4 ,,emily ,,lawless4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,ed5 ,phillpotts4 ,,ly+ ,,prophets4 ,by ,,ed5 ,,phillpotts4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,ed5 ,phillpotts4 ,,*ildr5 ,,( ,,! ,,mi/4 ,by ,,ed5 ,,phillpotts4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,ed5 ,phillpotts4 ,,! ,,human ,,boy4 ,by ,,ed5 ,,phillpotts1 ,au?or ( ',*ildr5 ( ! ,mi/4' ,) a ,frontispiece4 ,f\r? ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',mr4 ,phillpotts kn[s exactly :at s*oolboys d1 & c lay b>e _! inmo/ ?\ghts2 likewise he %[s an all-p]vad+ s5se ( hum\r4'--,academy4 ,ed5 ,phillpotts4 ,,sons ,,( ,,! ,,morn+4 ,by ,,ed5 ,,phillpotts1 ,au?or ( ',! ,*ildr5 ( ! ,mi/4' ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',a book ( /range p[] & fasc9ation4'--,morn+ ,po/4 ',inimitable hum\r4'--,daily ,graphic4 ,jane ,b>l[4 ,a ,,creel ,,( ,,iri% ,,/ories4 ,by ,,jane ,,b>l[1 ,au?or ( ',iri% ,idylls4' ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',vivid & s+ul>ly real4'--,scotsman4 ,jane ,b>l[4 ,,f ,,! ,,ea/ ,,unto ,,! ,,we/4 ,by ,,jane ,,b>l[4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,j4 ,h4 ,f9dlat]4 ,,! ,,gre5 ,,graves ,,( ,,balg[rie4 ,by ,,jane ,h4 ,,f9dlat]4 ,f\r? ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',a p[]ful & vivid /ory4'--,/&>d4 ',a beautiful /ory1 sad & /range z tru? itself4'--,vanity ,fair4 ',a s+ul>ly orig9al1 clev]1 & beautiful /ory4'--,gu>dian4 ',reveals to u a new writ] ( und\bt$ faculty & res]ve =ce4'--,spectator4 ',an exquisite idyll1 delicate1 affect+1 & beautiful4'--,black & ,:ite4 ,j4 ,h4 ,f9dlat]4 ,a ,,daught] ,,( ,,/rife4 ,by ,,jane ,h4 ,,f9dlat]4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,j4 ,h4 ,f9dlat]4 ,,ra*el4 ,by ,,jane ,h4 ,,f9dlat]4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',a n unwor?y successor to ,! ,gre5 ,graves ( ,balg[rie4'--,critic4 ,j4 ,h4 & ,m>y ,f9dlat]4 ,,tales ,,t ,,are ,,told4 ,by ,,jane ,h4 ,,f9dlat]1 & ,,m>y ,,f9dlat]4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',delightful & graceful /ories = :i* we h ! w>me/ welcome4'--,lit]ature4 ,m>y ,f9dlat]4 ,a ,,n>r[ ,,way4 ,by ,,m>y ,,f9dlat]1 ,au?or ( ',ov] ! ,hills4' ,?ird ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',a :olesome1 ?\ghtful1 & int]e/+ novel4'--,morn+ ,po/4 ',s+ul>ly pleasant1 full ( quiet hum\r & t5d] sympa?y4'--,man*e/] ,gu>dian4 ,m>y ,f9dlat]4 ,,ov] ,,! ,,hills4 ,by ,,m>y ,,f9dlat]4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ',a /rong & wise book ( deep insight & unfl9*+ tru?4'--,birm+ham ,po/4 ,m>y ,f9dlat]4 ,,betty ,,musgrave4 ,by ,,m>y ,,f9dlat]4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',h&l$ ) dignity & delicacy4444 ,a mo/ t\*+ /ory4'--,spectator4 ,alfr$ ,ollivant4 ,,owd ,,bob1 ,,! ,,grey ,,dog ,,( ,,k5muir4 ,by ,,alfr$ ,,ollivant4 ,fif? ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ',weird1 ?rill+1 /rik+ly graphic4'--,pun*4 ',we admire ?is book4444 ,x is "o to read ) admiration & to praise ) en?usiasm4'--,bookman4 ',x is a f9e1 op5-air1 blood-/irr+ book1 to be enjoy$ by e man & woman to :om a dog is de>4'--,lit]ature4 ,b4 ,m4 ,crok]4 ,,peggy ,,( ,,! ,,b>tons4 ,by ,b4 ,m4 ,,crok]1 ,au?or ( ',diana ,b>r+ton4' ,fif? ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',mrs4 ,crok] excels 9 ! admirably simple1 easy1 & direct fl[ ( h] n>rative1 ! briskness ( h] dialogue1 & ! g5iality ( h] portraiture4'--,spectator4 ,b4 ,m4 ,crok]4 ,a ,,/ate ,,secret4 ,by ,b4 ,m4 ,,crok]1 ,au?or ( ',peggy ( ! ,b>tons1' etc4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ',full ( hum\r1 & always fre% & pleas+4'--,daily ,express4 ',+5i\s1 humor\s1 pretty1 pa!tic4'--,_w4 ,h4 ,g4 ,wells4 ,,! ,,/ol5 ,,bacillus1 & o!r ,/ories4 ,by ,h4 ,g4 ,,wells4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',! impressions ( a v /rik+ imag9ation4'--,saturday ,review4 ,h4 ,g4 ,wells4 ,,! ,,plattn] ,,/ory ,,& ,,o!rs4 ,by ,h4 ,g4 ,,wells4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ',weird & my/]i\s1 !y seem to hold ! read] z by a magic spell4'--,scotsman4 ,s>a ,jeannette ,duncan4 ,a ,,voyage ,,( ,,consolation4 ,by ,,s>a ,,jeannette ,,duncan1 ,au?or ( ',an ,am]ican ,girl 9 ,london4' ,illu/rat$4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ',! dialogue is full ( wit4'--,globe4 ,s>a ,jeannette ,duncan4 ,,! ,,pa? ,,( ,a ,,/>4 ,by ,,s>a ,,jeannette ,,duncan1 ,au?or ( ',a ,voyage ( ,consolation4' ,illu/rat$4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,c4 ,f4 ,ke>y4 ,,! ,,j\rnali/4 ,by ,c4 ,f4 ,,ke>y4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,w4 ,e4 ,norris4 ,,mat!w ,,au/94 ,by ,w4 ,e4 ,,norris1 ,au?or ( ',mademoiselle de ,m]sac1' etc4 ,f\r? ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',an intellectually satisfactory & morally brac+ novel4'--,daily ,telegraph4 ,w4 ,e4 ,norris4 ,,8 ,,grace4 ,by ,w4 ,e4 ,,norris4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,w4 ,e4 ,norris4 ,,! ,,despotic ,,lady ,,& ,,o!rs4 ,by ,w4 ,e4 ,,norris4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,w4 ,e4 ,norris4 ,,cl>issa ,,furiosa4 ,by ,w4 ,e4 ,,norris4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ',z a /ory x is admirable1 z a jeu d'esprit x is capital1 z a lay s]mon /udd$ ) gems ( wit & wisdom x is a model4'--,! ,_w4 ,w4 ,e4 ,norris4 ,,giles ,,+ilby4 ,by ,w4 ,e4 ,,norris4 ,illu/rat$4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',int]e/+1 :olesome1 & *>m+ly writt54'--,glasg[ ,h]ald4 ,w4 ,e4 ,norris4 ,,an ,,octave4 ,by ,w4 ,e4 ,,norris4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,w4 ,cl>k ,russell4 ,,my ,,dani% ,,swee!>t4 ,by ,w4 ,,cl>k ,,russell4 ,illu/rat$4 ,f\r? ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,rob]t ,b>r4 ,,9 ,,! ,,mid/ ,,( ,,al>ms4 ,by ,,rob]t ,,b>r4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ',a book :i* has abundantly satisfi$ u by its capital hum\r4'--,daily ,*ronicle4 ,rob]t ,b>r4 ,,! ,,mutable ,,_m4 ,by ,,rob]t ,,b>r4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',v mu* ! be/ novel t ,mr4 ,b>r has yet giv5 u4 ,!re is mu* insight 9 x1 & mu* excell5t hum\r4'--,daily ,*ronicle4 ,rob]t ,b>r4 ,,! ,,c\ntess ,,tekla4 ,by ,,rob]t ,,b>r4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',( ^! m$ival romances1 :i* are n[ ga9+ gr\nd1 ,! ,c\ntess ,tekla is ! v be/ we h se54 ,! /ory is writt5 9 cle> ,engli%1 & a picturesque1 mov+ /yle4'--,pall ,mall ,gazette4 ,rob]t ,b>r4 ,,! ,,/rong ,,arm4 ,by ,,rob]t ,,b>r1 ,au?or ( ',! ,c\ntess ,tekla4' ,illu/rat$4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,c4 ,j4 ,cutcliffe ,hyne4 ,,pr9ce ,,rup]t ,,! ,,buccane]4 ,by ,c4 ,j4 ,,cutcliffe ,,hyne1 ,au?or ( ',capta9 ,kettle4' ,) #h ,illu/rations by ,g4 ,,gr5ville ,,manton4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,a n>rative ( ! romantic adv5tures ( ! fam\s ,pr9ce ,rup]t1 & ( 8 exploits 9 ! ,spani% ,indies aft] ! ,cromwellian w>s4 ,mrs4 ,dud5ey4 ,,! ,,?ird ,,floor4 ,by ,mrs4 ,,dud5ey1 ,au?or ( ',folly ,corn]4' ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',"o ( ! brighte/1 wittie/1 & mo/ ent]ta9+ novels publi%$ ?is spr+4'--,sket*4 ,&rew ,balf\r4 ,,by ,,/roke ,,( ,,sword4 ,by ,a4 ,,balf\r4 ,illu/rat$4 ,f\r? ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ',a recital ( ?rill+ int]e/1 told ) unflagg+ vig\r4'--,globe4 ,&rew ,balf\r4 ,,to ,,arms6 ,by ,,&rew ,,balf\r4 ,illu/rat$4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',! m>vell\s p]ils ?r\gh :i* ,allan passes are told 9 p[]ful & lively fa%ion4'--,pall ,mall ,gazette4 ,&rew ,balf\r4 ,,v5geance ,,is ,,m9e4 ,by ,,&rew ,,balf\r4 ,au?or ( ',by ,/roke ( ,sword4' ,illu/rat$4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',a vigor\s piece ( "w1 well writt51 & ab\nd+ 9 /irr+ incid5ts4'--,glasg[ ,h]ald4 ,r4 ,hi*5s4 ,,byeways4 ,by ,,rob]t ,,hi*5s4 ,au?or ( ',flames1' etc4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ',! "w is und5iably t ( a man ( /rik+ imag9ation4'--,daily ,news4 ,r4 ,hi*5s4 ,,tongues ,,( ,,consci5ce4 ,by ,,rob]t ,,hi*5s1 ,au?or ( ',flames4' ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',( a /range1 haunt+ quality4'--,glasg[ ,h]ald4 ,/eph5 ,crane4 ,,w\nds ,,9 ,,! ,,ra94 ,,w> ,,/ories4 ,by ,,/eph5 ,,crane1 ,au?or ( ',! ,r$ ,badge ( ,c\rage4' ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',a fasc9at+ volume4'--,spectator4 ,doro!a ,g]>d4 ,,! ,,conque/ ,,( ,,london4 ,by ,,doro!a ,,g]>d1 ,au?or ( ',lady ,baby4' ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',bright & ent]ta9+4'--,spectator4 ',highly ent]ta9+ & enjoyable4'--,scotsman4 ,doro!a ,g]>d4 ,,! ,,supreme ,,crime4 ,by ,,doro!a ,,g]>d4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',"o ( ! v be/ plots we h met ) 9 rec5t fiction1 & h&l$ ) t quiet un]r+ realism :i* always di/+ui%es ! au?or's be/ "w4'--,academy4 ,c4 ,f4 ,goss4 ,,! ,,r$emption ,,( ,,david ,,corson4 ,by ,c4 ,f4 ,,goss4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ',dramatic in/9ct & a vigor\s imag9ation m>k ?is s\l hi/ory ( a ,quak] my/ic4'--,a!num4 ',a really f9e book4'--,public ,op9ion4 ',a p[]ful & orig9al book1 & unusually /rik+4'--,pilot4 ',wor?y to /& high 9 ! ranks ( mod]n fiction4'--,lit]ature4 ,,o!r ,,six-,,%ill+ ,,novels ,cr[n #hvo4 ,a ,,secret>y ,,( ,,legation4 ,by ,,hope ,,dawli%4 ,,! ,,salvation ,,seek]s4 ,by ,,noel ,,a9slie4 ,,/range ,,happ5+s4 ,by ,w4 ,,cl>k ,,russell & o!r ,au?ors4 ,,! ,,black ,,wolf',s ,,bre$4 ,by ,,h>ris ,,dickson4 ,illu/rat$4 ,second ,edition4 ,,bel9da ,,fitzw>r54 ,by ! ,,e>l ,,( ,,iddesleigh4 ,,d]w5t',s ,,horse4 ,by ,,victor ,,r\sseau4 ,,anne ,,maulev]]4 ,by ,mrs4 ,,caffyn 7,iota74 ,,sir5 ,,city4 ,by ,,b5jam9 ,,swift4 ,,an ,,engli%man4 ,by ,,m>y ,l4 ,,p5d]$4 ,,! ,,plund]]s4 ,by ,,morley ,,rob]ts4 ,,! ,,human ,,int]e/4 ,by ,,violet ,,hunt4 ,,! ,,k+ ,,( ,,&aman3 ,a ,savi\r ( ,society4 ,by ,j4 ,,macl>5 ,,cobban4 ,,! ,,angel ,,( ,,! ,,cov5ant4 ,by ,j4 ,,macl>5 ,,cobban4 ,,9 ,,! ,,day ,,( ,,adv]sity4 ,by ,j4 ,,bl\ndelle-,,burton4 ,,d5\nc$4 ,by ,j4 ,,bl\ndelle-,,burton4 ,,! ,,cla% ,,( ,,arms4 ,by ,j4 ,,bl\ndelle-,,burton4 ,,across ,,! ,,salt ,,seas4 ,by ,j4 ,,bl\ndelle-,,burton4 ,,s]vants ,,( ,,s94 ,by ,j4 ,,bl\ndelle-,,burton4 ,,pa? ,,& ,,goal4 ,second ,edition4 ,by ,,ada ,,cambridge4 ,,! ,,se5 ,,& ,,! ,,unse54 ,by ,,ri*>d ,,m>%4 ,,m>vels ,,& ,,my/]ies4 ,by ,,ri*>d ,,m>%4 ,,elmslie',s ,,drag-,,net4 ,by ,e4 ,h4 ,,/ra94 ,a ,,=e/ ,,(fic]4 ,by ,mrs4 ,,p5ny4 ,,! ,,:ite ,,hecatomb4 ,by ,w4 ,c4 ,,scully4 ,,betwe5 ,,sun ,,& ,,s&4 ,by ,w4 ,c4 ,,scully4 ,,sir ,,rob]t',s ,,=tune4 ,by ,mrs4 ,,oliphant4 ,,! ,,two ,,m>ys4 ,by ,mrs4 ,,oliphant4 ,,! ,,lady',s ,,walk4 ,by ,mrs4 ,,oliphant4 ,,mirry-,,ann4 ,by ,,norma ,,lorim]4 ,,josiah',s ,,wife4 ,by ,,norma ,,lorim]4 ,,! ,,/rong ,,god ,,circum/ance4 ,by ,,hel5 ,,%ipton4 ,,*ri/alla4 ,by ,,esm ,,/u>t4 ,,! ,,despat* ,,rid]4 ,by ,,erne/ ,,glanville4 ,,an ,,enemy ,,to ,,! ,,k+4 ,by ,r4 ,n4 ,,/eph5s4 ,a ,,g5tleman ,,play]4 ,by ,r4 ,n4 ,,/eph5s4 ,,! ,,pa?s ,,( ,,! ,,prud5t4 ,by ,j4 ,s4 ,,flet*]4 ,,! ,,build]s4 ,by ,j4 ,s4 ,,flet*]4 ,,daniel ,,:yte4 ,by ,a4 ,j4 ,,dawson4 ,,! ,,caps9a4 ,by ,e4 ,f4 ,,b5son4 ,,dodo3 ,a ,,detail ,,( ,,! ,,day4 ,by ,e4 ,f4 ,,b5son4 ,,! ,,v9tage4 ,by ,e4 ,f4 ,,b5son4 ,illu/rat$ by ,g4 ,p4 ,,jacomb-,,hood4 ,,rose ,,*>litte4 ,by ,,m>%all ,,saund]s4 ,,will[brake4 ,by ,r4 ,,murray ,,gil*ri/4 ,,?+s ,,t ,,h ,,happ5$4 ,by ,,doro!a ,,g]>d4 ,,lone ,,p9e3 ,a ,,romance ,,( ,,mexican ,,life4 ,by ,r4 ,b4 ,,t[n%5d4 ,,wilt ,,?\ ,,h ,,?is ,,woman8 ,by ,j4 ,,macl>5 ,,cobban4 ,a ,,passionate ,,pilgrim4 ,by ,,p]cy ,,:ite4 ,,secret>y ,,to ,,bayne1 ,m4,p4 ,by ,w4 ,,pett ,,ridge4 ,,adrian ,,rome4 ,by ,e4 ,,dawson & ,a4 ,,moore4 ,,gallia4 ,by ,m,,nie ,,muriel ,,d[ie4 ,,! ,,crook ,,( ,,! ,,b\gh4 ,by ,m,,nie ,,muriel ,,d[ie4 ,a ,,bus9ess ,,9 ,,great ,,wat]s4 ,by ,,julian ,,corbett4 ,,miss ,,er94 ,by ,m4 ,e4 ,,francis4 ,,ananias4 ,by ! ,hon4 ,mrs4 ,,alan ,,brodrick4 ,,corrage5 ,,9 '#ih4 ,by ,mrs4 ,,orp54 ,,! ,,plund] ,,pit4 ,by ,j4 ,,keighley ,,sn[d54 ,,cross ,,trails4 ,by ,,victor ,,waite4 ,,successors ,,to ,,! ,,title4 ,by ,mrs4 ,,wal=d4 ,,kirkham',s ,,f9d4 ,by ,,m>y ,,gaunt4 ,,deadman',s4 ,by ,,m>y ,,gaunt4 ,,capta9 ,,jacobus3 ,a ,,romance ,,( ,,! ,,road4 ,by ,l4 ,,cope ,,corn=d4 ,,sons ,,( ,,adv]sity4 ,by ,l4 ,,cope ,,corn=d4 ,,! ,,k+ ,,( ,,alb]ia4 ,by ,,laura ,,da9trey4 ,,! ,,daught] ,,( ,,al\ette4 ,by ,,m>y ,a4 ,,ow54 ,,*ildr5 ,,( ,,?is ,,_w4 ,by ,,ell5 ,f4 ,,p9s5t4 ,,an ,,electric ,,sp>k4 ,by ,g4 ,,manville ,,f5n4 ,,"u ,,%ad[ ,,( ,,! ,,mission4 ,by ,l4 ,s4 ,,mc*esney4 ,,! ,,speculators4 ,by ,j4 ,f4 ,,brew]4 ,,! ,,_s ,,( ,,/orm4 ,by ,,ronald ,,ross4 ,,! ,,que5sb]ry ,,cup4 ,by ,,clive ,p4 ,,wolley4 ,a ,,home ,,9 ,,inv]esk4 ,by ,t4 ,l4 ,,paton4 ,,miss ,,arm/rong',s ,,& ,,o!r ,,circum/ances4 ,by ,,john ,,davidson4 ,,dr4 ,,congalton',s ,,legacy4 ,by ,,h5ry ,,john/on4 ,,"t ,,& ,,! ,,woman4 ,by ,,ri*>d ,,pryce4 ,,?is ,,man',s ,,dom9ion4 ,by ! ,au?or ( ',a ,high ,little ,_w4' ,,diog5es ,,( ,,london4 ,by ,h4 ,b4 ,,m>riott ,,watson4 ,,! ,,/one ,,dragon4 ,by ,r4 ,,murray ,,gil*ri/4 ,a ,,vic>',s ,,wife4 ,by ,,evelyn ,,dick9son4 ,,elsa4 ,by ,e4 ,m',,que5 ,,gray4 ,,! ,,s+] ,,( ,,m>ly4 ,by ,i4 ,,hoop]4 ,,! ,,fall ,,( ,,! ,,sp>r[4 ,by ,m4 ,c4 ,,balf\r4 ,a ,,s]i\s ,,com$y4 ,by ,,h]b]t ,,morrah4 ,,! ,,fai?ful ,,city4 ,by ,,h]b]t ,,morrah4 ,,9 ,,! ,,great ,,deep4 ,by ,j4 ,a4 ,,b>ry4 ,,bijli1 ,,! ,,danc]4 ,by ,,james ,,bly! ,,patton4 ,,! ,,philan?ropi/4 ,by ,,lucy ,,mayn>d4 ,,vaussore4 ,by ,,francis ,,brune4 ,,?ree-,,&-,,sixp5ny ,,novels ,cr[n #hvo4 ,,! ,,mess ,,deck4 ,by ,w4 ,f4 ,,%annon4 ,a ,,son ,,( ,,! ,,/ate4 ,by ,w4 ,,pett ,,ridge4 ,,cease ,,fire6 ,by ,j4 ,,macl>5 ,,cobban4 ,,! ,,klo( ,,bride4 ,by ,,erne/ ,,glanville4 ,,! ,,lo/ ,,regim5t4 ,by ,,erne/ ,,glanville4 ,,bunt]',s ,,cruise4 ,by ,,*>les ,,gleig4 ,illu/rat$4 ,,! ,,adv5ture ,,( ,,pr9cess ,,sylvia4 ,by ,mrs4 ,c4 ,n4 ,,williamson4 ,a ,,v5detta ,,( ,,! ,,des]t4 ,by ,w4 ,c4 ,,scully4 ,,subject ,,to ,,vanity4 ,by ,,m>g>et ,,b5son4 ,,fitzjames4 ,by ,,lilian ,,/reet4 ,,! ,,sign ,,( ,,! ,,spid]4 ,fif? ,edition4 ,by ,,b]tram ,,mit=d4 ,,! ,,mov+ ,,f+]4 ,by ,,m>y ,,gaunt4 ,,jaco ,,trelo>4 ,by ,j4 ,h4 ,,pe>ce4 ,,! ,,dance ,,( ,,! ,,h\rs4 ,by ',,v]a4' ,a ,,woman ,,( ,,=ty4 ,by ,,esm ,,/u>t4 ,a ,,cumb]] ,,( ,,! ,,gr\nd4 ,by ,,con/ance ,,smi?4 ,,! ,,s9 ,,( ,,angels4 ,by ,,evelyn ,,dick9son4 ,,aut ,,diabolus ,,aut ,,nihil4 ,by ,x4 ,l4 ,,! ,,com+ ,,( ,,cucula94 ,by ,,/&i% ,o',,grady4 ,,! ,,gods ,,give ,,my ,,donkey ,,w+s4 ,by ,,angus ,,evan ,,abbott4 ,,! ,,/> ,,gaz]s4 ,by ,g4 ,,manville ,,f5n4 ,,! ,,poison ,,( ,,asps4 ,by ,r4 ,,orton ,,pr[se4 ,,! ,,quiet ,,mrs4 ,,flem+4 ,by ,r4 ,,pryce4 ,,dis5*antm5t4 ,by ,f4 ,,mabel ,,rob9son4 ,,! ,,squire ,,( ,,w&ales4 ,by ,a4 ,,%ield4 ,a ,,rev]5d ,,g5tleman4 ,by ,j4 ,m4 ,,cobban4 ,a ,,deplorable ,,affair4 ,by ,w4 ,e4 ,,norris4 ,a ,,cavali]',s ,,ladye4 ,by ,mrs4 ,,dick]4 ,,! ,,prodigals4 ,by ,mrs4 ,,oliphant4 ,,! ,,supplant]4 ,by ,p4 ,,neumann4 ,a ,,man ,,) ,,black ,,eyela%es4 ,by ,h4 ,a4 ,,k5n$y4 ,a ,,h&ful ,,( ,,exotics4 ,by ,s4 ,,gordon4 ,,an ,,odd ,,exp]im5t4 ,by ,,hannah ,,lyn*4 ,,tales ,,( ,,nor?umbria4 ,by ,,h[>d ,,pease4 ,,half-,,cr[n ,,novels ,cr[n #hvo4 ,,hov5d51 ,v4,c4 ,by ,f4 ,,mabel ,,rob9son4 ,,! ,,plan ,,( ,,campaign4 ,by ,f4 ,,mabel ,,rob9son4 ,,mr4 ,,butl]',s ,,w>d4 ,by ,f4 ,,mabel ,,rob9son4 ,,eli',s ,,*ildr54 ,by ,g4 ,,manville ,,f5n4 ,a ,,d\ble ,,knot4 ,by ,g4 ,,manville ,,f5n4 ,,dis>m$4 ,by ,m4 ,,be?am ,,edw>ds4 ,,9 ,,t5t ,,& ,,bungal[4 ,by ! ,au?or ( ',indian ,idylls4' ,,my ,,/ew>d%ip4 ,by ,e4 ,m',,que5 ,,gray4 ,,jack',s ,,fa!r4 ,by ,w4 ,e4 ,,norris4 ,a ,,lo/ ,,illusion4 ,by ,,leslie ,,kei?4 ,,! ,,true ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,jo%ua ,,davidson1 ,*ri/ian & ,communi/4 ,by ,e4 ,,lynn ,,lynton4 ,elev5? ,edition4 ,po/ #hvo4 #as4 ,! ,noveli/ ,,messrs4 ,,me?u5 are mak+ an int]e/+ exp]im5t :i* con/itutes a fre% dep>ture 9 publi%+4 ,!y are issu+ "u ! above g5]al title a ,mon?ly ,s]ies ( ,novels by popul> au?ors at ! price ( ,sixp5ce4 ,_m ( ^! ,novels h nev] be5 publi%$ be=e4 ,ea* ,numb] is z long z ! av]age ,six ,%ill+ ,novel4 ,! fir/ numb]s ( ',,! ,,noveli/' are z foll[s3-- ,i4 ,,dead ,,m5 ,,tell ,,no ,,tales4 ,e4 ,w4 ,,hornung4 ,,ii4 ,,j5nie ,,baxt]1 ,,j\rnali/4 ,,rob]t ,,b>r4 ,,iii4 ,,! ,,inca',s ,,treasure4 ,,erne/ ,,glanville4 ,,iv4 ,out ( pr9t4 ,v4 ,,furze ,,bloom4 ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld4 ,,vi4 ,,bunt]',s ,,cruise4 ,c4 ,,gleig4 ,,vii4 ,,! ,,gay ,,deceiv]s4 ,,ar?ur ,,moore4 ,,viii4 ,,prison]s ,,( ,,w>4 ,a4 ,,boyson ,,weekes4 ,,ix4 ,out ( pr9t4 ,x4 ,,veldt ,,& ,,laag]3 ,tales ( ! ,transvaal4 ,e4 ,s4 ,,val5t9e4 ,,xi4 ,,! ,,nigg] ,,knights4 ,f4 ,,norreys ,,connell4 ,,xii4 ,a ,,m>riage ,,at ,,sea4 ,w4 ,,cl>k ,,russell4 ,,xiii4 ,,! ,,pomp ,,( ,,! ,,lavilettes4 ,,gilb]t ,,p>k]4 ,,xiv4 ,a ,,man ,,( ,,m>k4 ,,an?ony ,,hope4 ,,xv4 ,,! ,,c>issima4 ,,lucas ,,malet4 ,,xvi4 ,,! ,,lady',s ,,walk4 ,mrs4 ,,oliphant4 ,,xvii4 ,,d]rick ,,vaughan4 ,,edna ,,lyall4 ,,xviii4 ,,9 ,,! ,,mid/ ,,( ,,al>ms4 ,,rob]t ,,b>r4 ,,xix4 ,,8 ,,grace4 ,w4 ,e4 ,,norris4 ,,xx4 ,,dodo4 ,e4 ,f4 ,,b5son4 ,,xxi4 ,,*eap ,,jack ,,zita4 ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld4 ,,xxii4 ,,:5 ,,valmond ,,came ,,to ,,pontiac4 ,,gilb]t ,,p>k]4 ,me?u5's ,sixp5ny ,libr>y ,a ,new ,s]ies ( ,copyright ,books4 ,i4 ,,! ,,matabele ,,campaign4 ,by ,major-,g5]al ,,bad5-,,p[ell4 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,d[nfall ,,( ,,prempeh4 ,by ,major-,g5]al ,,bad5-,,p[ell4 ,,iii4 ,,my ,,dani% ,,swee!>t4 ,by ,w4 ,,cl>k ,,russell4 ,,iv4 ,,9 ,,! ,,ro> ,,( ,,! ,,sea4 ,by ,s4 ,,b>+-,,g\ld4 ,v4 ,,peggy ,,( ,,! ,,b>tons4 ,by ,b4 ,m4 ,,crok]4 ,,vii4 ,,bad5-,,p[ell ,,( ,,mafek+3 ,a ,biography4 ,by ,j4 ,s4 ,,flet*]4 ,,viii4 ,,rob]ts ,,( ,,pretoria4 ,by ,j4 ,s4 ,,flet*]4 ,,ix4 ,,! ,,gre5 ,,graves ,,( ,,balg[rie4 ,by ,,jane ,h4 ,,f9dlat]4 ,x4 ,,! ,,/ol5 ,,bacillus4 ,by ,h4 ,g4 ,,wells4 ,,xi4 ,,mat!w ,,au/94 ,by ,w4 ,e4 ,,norris4 ,,books ,,= ,,boys ,,& ,,girls ,a ,s]ies ( ,books by well-kn[n ,au?ors1 well illu/rat$4 ,,?ree-,,&-,,sixp5ce ,,ea* ,,! ,,icel&]',s ,,sword4 ,by ,s4 ,,b>+ ,,g\ld4 ,,two ,,little ,,*ildr5 ,,& ,,*+4 ,by ,,edi? ,e4 ,,cu!ll4 ,,toddleb5',s ,,h]o4 ,by ,m4 ,m4 ,,blake4 ,,only ,a ,,gu>d-,,room ,,dog4 ,by ,,edi? ,e4 ,,cu!ll4 ,,! ,,doctor ,,( ,,! ,,juliet4 ,by ,,h>ry ,,coll+wood4 ,,ma/] ,,rockafell>',s ,,voyage4 ,by ,w4 ,,cl>k ,,russell4 ,,syd ,,belton3 ,or1 ,! ,boy :o w\ld n g to ,sea4 ,by ,g4 ,,manville ,,f5n4 ,,! ,,peacock ,,libr>y ,a ,s]ies ( ,books = ,girls by well-kn[n ,au?ors1 h&somely b\nd1 & well illu/rat$4 ,,?ree-,,&-,,sixp5ce ,,ea* ,,! ,,r$ ,,grange4 ,by ,mrs4 ,,moleswor?4 ,,! ,,secret ,,( ,,madame ,,de ,,monluc4 ,by ! ,au?or ( ',mdle4 ,mori4' ,,out ,,( ,,! ,,fa%ion4 ,by ,l4 ,t4 ,,meade4 ,,dumps4 ,by ,mrs4 ,,p>r4 ,a ,,girl ,,( ,,! ,,p4 ,by ,l4 ,t4 ,,meade4 ,,hepsy ,,gipsy4 ,by ,l4 ,t4 ,,meade4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,! ,,hon\rable ,,miss4 ,by ,l4 ,t4 ,,meade4 ,,univ]sity ,,ext5sion ,,s]ies ,a s]ies ( books on hi/orical1 lit]>y1 & sci5tific subjects1 suitable = ext5sion /ud5ts & home-read+ circles4 ,ea* volume is complete 9 itself1 & ! subjects are treat$ by compet5t writ]s 9 a broad & philosophic _s4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,e4 ,,symes1 ,m4,a41 ,pr9cipal ( ,univ]sity ,college1 ,nott+ham4 ,cr[n #hvo4 ,price 7) "s exceptions7 #bs4 #f;d4 ,! foll[+ volumes are ready3-- ,,! ,,indu/rial ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,engl&4 ,by ,h4 ,,de ,b4 ,,gibb9s1 ,litt4,d41 ,m4,a41 late ,s*ol> ( ,wadham ,college1 ,oxon41 ,cobd5 ,prizeman4 ,sev5? ,edition1 ,revis$4 ,) ,maps & ,plans4 #cs4 ,a ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,engli% ,,political ,,economy4 ,by ,l4 ,l4 ,,price1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ ( ,oriel ,college1 ,oxon4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,,problems ,,( ,,pov]ty3 ,an ,inquiry into ! ,indu/rial ,conditions ( ! ,poor4 ,by ,j4 ,a4 ,,hobson1 ,m4,a4 ,f\r? ,edition4 ,,victorian ,,poets4 ,by ,a4 ,,%>p4 ,,! ,,fr5* ,,revolution4 ,by ,j4 ,e4 ,,symes1 ,m4,a4 ,,psy*ology4 ,by ,f4 ,s4 ,,grang]1 ,m4,a4 ,second ,edition4 ,,! ,,evolution ,,( ,,plant ,,life3 ,l[] ,=ms4 ,by ,g4 ,,massee4 ,) ,illu/rations4 ,,air ,,& ,,wat]4 ,by ,v4 ,b4 ,,lewes1 ,m4,a4 ,illu/rat$4 ,,! ,,*emi/ry ,,( ,,life ,,& ,,heal?4 ,by ,c4 ,w4 ,,kimm9s1 ,m4,a4 ,illu/rat$4 ,,! ,,me*anics ,,( ,,daily ,,life4 ,by ,v4 ,p4 ,,sells1 ,m4,a4 ,illu/rat$4 ,,engli% ,,social ,,re=m]s4 ,by ,h4 ,,de ,b4 ,,gibb9s1 ,litt4,d41 ,m4,a4 ,,engli% ,,trade ,,& ,,f9ance ,,9 ,,! ,,sev5te5? ,,c5tury4 ,by ,w4 ,a4 ,s4 ,,hew9s1 ,b4,a4 ,,! ,,*emi/ry ,,( ,,fire4 ,! ,elem5t>y ,pr9ciples ( ,*emi/ry4 ,by ,m4 ,m4 ,,pattison ,,muir1 ,m4,a4 ,illu/rat$4 ,a ,,text-,,book ,,( ,,agricultural ,,botany4 ,by ,m4 ,c4 ,,pott]1 ,m4,a41 ,f4,l4,s4 ,illu/rat$4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,! ,,vault ,,( ,,heav54 ,a ,popul> ,introduction to ,a/ronomy4 ,by ,r4 ,a4 ,,gregory4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations4 ,,meteorology4 ,! ,elem5ts ( ,wea!r & ,climate4 ,by ,h4 ,n4 ,,dickson1 ,f4,r4,s4,e41 ,f4,r4 ,met4 ,soc4 ,illu/rat$4 ,a ,,manual ,,( ,,electrical ,,sci5ce4 ,by ,,george ,j4 ,,bur*1 ,m4,a41 ,f4,r4,s4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations4 #cs4 ,,! ,,e>?4 ,an ,introduction to ,physiography4 ,by ,,evan ,,small1 ,m4,a4 ,illu/rat$4 ,,insect ,,life4 ,by ,f4 ,w4 ,,!obald1 ,m4,a4 ,illu/rat$4 ,,engli% ,,poetry ,,f ,,blake ,,to ,,br[n+4 ,by ,w4 ,m4 ,,dixon1 ,m4,a4 ,,engli% ,,local ,,gov]nm5t4 ,by ,e4 ,,j5ks1 ,m4,a41 ,pr(essor ( ,law at ,univ]sity ,college1 ,liv]pool4 ,,! ,,greek ,,view ,,( ,,life4 ,by ,g4 ,l4 ,,dick9son1 ,fell[ ( ,k+'s ,college1 ,cambridge4 ,second ,edition4 ,,social ,,que/ions ,,( ,,to-,,day ,edit$ by ,h4 ,,de ,b4 ,,gibb9s1 ,litt4,d41 ,m4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,! foll[+ ,volumes ( ! ,s]ies are ready3-- ,,trade ,,unionism--,,new ,,& ,,old4 ,by ,g4 ,,h[ell4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,,! ,,co-,,op]ative ,,movem5t ,,to-,,day4 ,by ,g4 ,j4 ,,holyoake4 ,second ,edition4 ,,mutual ,,?rift4 ,by ,rev4 ,j4 ,,frome ,,wilk9son1 ,m4,a4 ,,problems ,,( ,,pov]ty4 ,by ,j4 ,a4 ,,hobson1 ,m4,a4 ,f\r? ,edition4 ,,! ,,comm]ce ,,( ,,nations4 ,by ,c4 ,f4 ,,ba/able1 ,m4,a41 ,pr(essor ( ,economics at ,tr9ity ,college1 ,dubl94 ,second ,edition4 ,,! ,,ali5 ,,invasion4 ,by ,w4 ,h4 ,,wilk9s1 ,b4,a4 ,,! ,,rural ,,exodus4 ,by ,p4 ,,&]son ,,graham4 ,,l& ,,nationalization4 ,by ,,h>old ,,cox1 ,b4,a4 ,a ,,%ort] ,,work+ ,,day4 ,by ,h4 ,,de ,b4 ,,gibb9s1 ,d4,litt41 ,m4,a41 & ,r4 ,a4 ,,hadfield1 ( ! ,hecla ,works1 ,%effield4 ,,back ,,to ,,! ,,l&3 ,an ,inquiry into ! ,cure = ,rural ,depopulation4 ,by ,h4 ,e4 ,,moore4 ,,tru/s1 ,,pools ,,& ,,corn]s4 ,by ,j4 ,,/eph5 ,,jeans4 ,,! ,,factory ,,sy/em4 ,by ,r4 ,w4 ,,cooke-,,taylor4 ,,! ,,/ate ,,& ,,its ,,*ildr54 ,by ,,g]trude ,,tuckwell4 ,,wom5',s ,,"w4 ,,by ,,lady ,,dilke1 ,miss ,,bulley1 & ,miss ,,:itley4 ,,socialism ,,& ,,mod]n ,,?\ght4 ,by ,m4 ,,kaufmann4 ,,! ,,h\s+ ,,( ,,! ,,work+ ,,classes4 ,by ,e4 ,,b[mak]4 ,,mod]n ,,civilization ,,9 ,,"s ,,( ,,its ,,economic ,,aspects4 ,by ,w4 ,,cunn+ham1 ,d4,d41 ,fell[ ( ,tr9ity ,college1 ,cambridge4 ,,! ,,problem ,,( ,,! ,,unemploy$4 ,by ,j4 ,a4 ,,hobson1 ,b4,a4 ,,life ,,9 ,,we/ ,,london4 ,by ,,ar?ur ,,%]well1 ,m4,a4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,,railway ,,nationalization4 ,by ,,clem5t ,,edw>ds4 ,,workh\ses ,,& ,,paup]ism4 ,by ,,l\isa ,,tw9+4 ,,univ]sity ,,& ,,social ,,settlem5ts4 ,by ,w4 ,,reason1 ,m4,a4 ,,classical ,,translations ,edit$ by ,h4 ,f4 ,,fox1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ & ,tutor ( ,bras5ose ,college1 ,ox=d4 ,,s*ylus--,agamemnon1 ,*ephoroe1 ,eum5ides4 ,translat$ by ,,lewis ,,campbell1 ,,ll4,d41 late ,pr(essor ( ,greek at ,/4 ,&rews4 #es4 ,,cic]o--,de ,oratore ,i4 ,translat$ by ,e4 ,n4 ,p4 ,,moor1 ,m4,a4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,cic]o--,select ,orations 7,pro ,milone1 ,pro ,mur5a1 ,philippic ,,ii41 ,9 ,catil9am74 ,translat$ by ,h4 ,e4 ,d4 ,,blaki/on1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ & ,tutor ( ,tr9ity ,college1 ,ox=d4 #es4 ,,cic]o--,de ,natura ,deorum4 ,translat$ by ,f4 ,,brooks1 ,m4,a41 late ,s*ol> ( ,balliol ,college1 ,ox=d4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,cic]o ,,de ,,(ficiis4 ,translat$ by ,g4 ,b4 ,,g>d9]1 ,m4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,horace3 ,,! ,,odes ,,& ,,epodes4 ,translat$ by ,a4 ,,godley1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ ( ,magdal5 ,college1 ,ox=d4 #bs4 ,,lucian--,six ,dialogues 7,nigr9us1 ,ic>o-,m5ippus1 ,! ,cock1 ,! ,%ip1 ,! ,p>asite1 ,! ,lov] ( ,falsehood74 ,translat$ by ,s4 ,t4 ,,irw91 ,m4,a41 ,assi/ant ,ma/] at ,clifton2 late ,s*ol> ( ,exet] ,college1 ,ox=d4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,sophocles--,electra & ,ajax4 ,translat$ by ,e4 ,d4 ,a4 ,,mor%ead1 ,m4,a41 ,assi/ant ,ma/] at ,w9*e/]4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,tacitus--,agricola & ,g]mania4 ,translat$ by ,r4 ,b4 ,,t[n%5d1 late ,s*ol> ( ,tr9ity ,college1 ,cambridge4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,educational ,,books ,,classical ,,! ,,nicoma*ean ,,e?ics ,,( ,,ari/otle4 ,edit$ ) an ,introduction & ,notes by ,,john ,,burnet1 ,m4,a41 ,pr(essor ( ,greek at ,/4 ,&rews4 ,demy #hvo4 #aes4 net4 ',we mu/ cont5t ourselves ) say+1 9 conclusion1 t we h seldom1 if ev]1 se5 an edition ( any classical au?or 9 :i* :at is held 9 common ) o!r comm5tators is s cle>ly & %ortly put1 & :at is orig9al is 7) equal brevity7 ( su* value & int]e/4'--,pilot4 ,,! ,,captivi ,,( ,,plautus4 ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction1 ,textual ,notes1 & a ,comm5t>y1 by ,w4 ,m4 ,,l9dsay1 ,fell[ ( ,jesus ,college1 ,ox=d4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ,= ?is edition all ! important ,,mss4 h be5 re-collat$4 ,an app5dix deals ) ! acc5tual elem5t 9 e>ly ,lat9 v]se4 ,! ,comm5t>y is v full4 ',a "w ( great erudition & f9e s*ol>%ip4'--,scotsman4 ,a ,,greek ,,an?ology4 ,select$ by ,e4 ,c4 ,,m>*ant1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ ( ,pet]h\se1 ,cambridge1 & ,assi/ant ,ma/] at ,/4 ,paul's ,s*ool4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,passages ,,= ,,unse5 ,,translation4 ,by ,e4 ,c4 ,,m>*ant1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ ( ,pet]h\se1 ,cambridge2 & ,a4 ,m4 ,,cook1 ,m4,a41 late ,s*ol> ( ,wadham ,college1 ,ox=d2 ,assi/ant ,ma/]s at ,/4 ,paul's ,s*ool4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ',we "k no book ( ?is class bett] fitt$ = use 9 ! high] =ms ( s*ools4'--,gu>dian4 ,,taciti ,,agricola4 ,) ,introduction1 ,notes1 ,map1 etc4 ,by ,r4 ,f4 ,,davis1 ,m4,a41 ,assi/ant ,ma/] at ,weym\? ,college4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 ,,taciti ,,g]mania4 ,by ! same ,editor4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 ,,h]odotus3 ,,easy ,,selections4 ,) ,vocabul>y4 ,by ,a4 ,c4 ,,liddell1 ,m4,a4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,selections ,,f ,,! ,,odyssey4 ,by ,e4 ,d4 ,,/one1 ,m4,a41 late ,assi/ant ,ma/] at ,eton4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,plautus3 ,,! ,,captivi4 ,adapt$ = ,l[] ,=ms by ,j4 ,h4 ,,freese1 ,m4,a41 late ,fell[ ( ,/4 ,john's1 ,cambridge1 #as4 #f;d4 ,,demo/h5es ,,aga9/ ,,conon ,,& ,,callicles4 ,edit$ ) ,notes & ,vocabul>y1 by ,f4 ,,d>w9 ,,swift1 ,m4,a4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #bs4 ,,ex]cises ,,9 ,,lat9 ,,accid5ce4 ,by ,s4 ,e4 ,,w9bolt1 ,assi/ant ,ma/] 9 ,*ri/'s ,hospital4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,an elem5t>y book adapt$ = ,l[] ,=ms to accompany ! %ort] ,lat9 prim]4 ,,notes ,,on ,,greek ,,& ,,lat9 ,,syntax4 ,by ,g4 ,,buckl& ,,gre51 ,m4,a41 ,assi/ant ,ma/] at ,ed9burgh ,academy1 late ,fell[ ( ,/4 ,john's ,college1 ,oxon4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,notes & explanations on ! *ief difficulties ( ,greek & ,lat9 ,syntax1 ) num]\s passages = ex]cise4 ,,new ,,te/am5t ,,greek4 ,a ,c\rse = ,beg9n]s4 ,by ,g4 ,,rodwell1 ,b4,a4 ,) a ,preface by ,,walt] ,,lock1 ,d4,d41 ,w>d5 ( ,keble ,college4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,! ,,frogs ,,( ,,ari/ophanes4 ,translat$ by ,e4 ,w4 ,,hunt+=d1 ,m4,a41 ,pr(essor ( ,classics 9 ,tr9ity ,college1 ,toronto4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,g]man ,a ,,companion ,,g]man ,,gramm>4 ,by ,h4 ,,de ,b4 ,,gibb9s1 ,d4,litt41 ,m4,a41 ,headma/] at ,kidd]m9/] ,gramm> ,s*ool4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,g]man ,,passages ,,= ,,unse5 ,,translation4 ,by ,e4 ,m',,que5 ,,gray4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,sci5ce ,,g5]al ,,elem5t>y ,,sci5ce4 ,by ,j4 ,t4 ,,dunn1 ,d4,sc41 & ,v4 ,a4 ,,mundella4 ,) #aad ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,me?u5's ,sci5ce ,prim]s4 ,,! ,,_w ,,( ,,sci5ce4 ,includ+ ,*emi/ry1 ,heat1 ,light1 ,s\nd1 ,magnetism1 ,electricity1 ,botany1 ,zoology1 ,physiology1 ,a/ronomy1 & ,geology4 ,by ,r4 ,,elliott ,,/eel1 ,m4,a41 ,f4,c4,s4 #adg ,illu/rations4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,! ,,pr9ciples ,,( ,,magnetism ,,& ,,electricity3 an ,elem5t>y ,text-,book4 ,by ,p4 ,l4 ,,gray1 ,b4,sc41 =m]ly ,lectur] 9 ,physics 9 ,mason ,univ]sity ,college1 ,birm+ham4 ,) #aha ,diagrams4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,textbooks ( ,te*nology ,edit$ by ,,pr(essors ,,g>nett & ,,w]!im]4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,a ,,dress4 ,by ,j4 ,a4 ,e4 ,,wood4 ,illu/rat$4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,c>p5try ,,& ,,jo9]y4 ,by ,f4 ,c4 ,,webb]4 ,) _m ,illu/rations4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ',an admirable elem5t>y text-book on ! subject4'--,build]4 ,,practical ,,me*anics4 ,by ,,sidney ,h4 ,,wells4 ,) #ge ,illu/rations & ,diagrams4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,practical ,,physics4 ,by ,h4 ,,/r\d1 ,d4,sc41 ,m4,a41 ,pr(essor ( ,physics 9 ! ,durham ,college ( ,sci5ce1 ,newca/le-on-,tyne4 ,fully illu/rat$4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,mill9]y1 ,,!oretical1 ,,& ,,practical4 ,by ,,cl>e ,,hill1 ,regi/]$ ,tea*] to ! ,city & ,guilds ( ,london ,in/itute4 ,) num]\s ,diagrams4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 ,,practical ,,*emi/ry4 ,by ,w4 ,,fr5*1 ,m4,a41 ,pr9cipal ( ! ,/orey ,in/itute1 ,lanca/]4 ,"p ,i4 ,) num]\s diagrams4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 ',an excell5t & em95tly practical little book4'--,s*oolma/]4 ,,engli% ,,engli% ,,records4 ,a ,companion to ! ,hi/ory ( ,engl&4 ,by ,h4 ,e4 ,,mald51 ,m4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,! ,,engli% ,,citiz53 ,,8 ,,rights ,,& ,,duties4 ,by ,h4 ,e4 ,,mald51 ,m4,a4 #as4 #f;d4 ,a ,,dige/ ,,( ,,d$uctive ,,logic4 ,by ,,johnson ,,b>k]1 ,b4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,a ,,class-,,book ,,( ,,dictation ,,passages4 ,by ,w4 ,,williamson1 ,b4,a4 ,fif? ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,a ,,%ort ,,/ory ,,( ,,engli% ,,lit]ature4 ,by ,,emma ,s4 ,,mell[s4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ',a lucid & well-arrang$ acc\nt ( ! gr[? ( ,engli% lit]ature4'--,pall ,mall ,gazette4 ,,te/ ,,c>ds ,,9 ,,euclid ,,& ,,algebra4 ,by ,d4 ,s4 ,,cald]wood1 ,headma/] ( ! ,normal ,s*ool1 ,ed9burgh4 ,9 ?ree packets ( #dj1 ) ,answ]s4 #as4 ,or 9 ?ree ,books1 price #b;d41 #b;d41 & #c;d4 ,,! ,,metric ,,sy/em4 ,by ,,leon ,,delbos4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 ,a !oretical & practical guide1 = use 9 elem5t>y s*ools & by ! g5]al read]4 ,,me?u5',s ,,comm]cial ,,s]ies ,edit$ by ,h4 ,,de ,b4 ,,gibb9s1 ,litt4,d41 ,m4,a4 ,,briti% ,,comm]ce ,,& ,,colonies ,,f ,,elizabe? ,,to ,,victoria4 ,by ,h4 ,,de ,b4 ,,gibb9s1 ,litt4,d41 ,m4,a4 ,?ird ,edition4 #bs4 ,,comm]cial ,,exam9ation ,,pap]s4 ,by ,h4 ,,de ,b4 ,,gibb9s1 ,litt4,d41 ,m4,a4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,! ,,economics ,,( ,,comm]ce4 ,by ,h4 ,,de ,b4 ,,gibb9s1 ,litt4,d41 ,m4,a4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,fr5* ,,comm]cial ,,correspond5ce4 ,by ,s4 ,e4 ,,bally1 ,ma/] at ! ,man*e/] ,gramm> ,s*ool4 ,?ird ,edition4 #bs4 ,,g]man ,,comm]cial ,,correspond5ce4 ,by ,s4 ,e4 ,,bally4 ,) ,vocabul>y4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,a ,,fr5* ,,comm]cial ,,read]4 ,by ,s4 ,e4 ,,bally4 ,second ,edition4 #bs4 ,a ,,g]man ,,comm]cial ,,read]4 ,by ,s4 ,e4 ,,bally4 ,) ,vocabul>y4 #bs4 ,,comm]cial ,,geography1 ) special ref]5ce to ! ,briti% ,empire4 ,by ,l4 ,w4 ,,lyde1 ,m4,a4 ,?ird ,edition4 #bs4 ,a ,,prim] ,,( ,,bus9ess4 ,by ,s4 ,,jackson1 ,m4,a4 ,?ird ,ed4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,comm]cial ,,ari?metic4 ,by ,f4 ,g4 ,,taylor1 ,m4,a4 ,?ird ,edition4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,pr,,cis ,,writ+ ,,& ,,(fice ,,correspond5ce4 ,by ,e4 ,e4 ,,:itfield1 ,m4,a4 #bs4 ,a ,,guide ,,to ,,pr(essions ,,& ,,bus9ess4 ,by ,h4 ,,jones4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,! ,,pr9ciples ,,( ,,bookkeep+ ,,by ,,d\ble ,,entry4 ,by ,j4 ,e4 ,b4 ,m',,all51 ,m4,a4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #bs4 ,,comm]cial ,,law4 ,by ,w4 ,,d\glas ,,edw>ds4 #bs4 ,,works ,,by ,a4 ,m4 ,m4 ,,/$man1 ,m4,a4 ,,initia ,,lat9a3 ,easy ,lessons on ,elem5t>y ,accid5ce4 ,fif? ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 ,,fir/ ,,lat9 ,,lessons4 ,six? ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 ,,fir/ ,,lat9 ,,read]4 ,) ,notes adapt$ to ! ,%ort] ,lat9 ,prim] & ,vocabul>y4 ,fif? ,edition revis$4 #ahmo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,easy ,,selections ,,f ,c,,s>4 ,"p ,i4 ,! ,helvetian ,w>4 ,second ,edition4 #ahmo4 #as4 ,,easy ,,selections ,,f ,,livy4 ,"p ,i4 ,! ,k+s ( ,rome4 #ahmo4 ,second ,edition4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,easy ,,lat9 ,,passages ,,= ,,unse5 ,,translation4 ,sev5? ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,exempla ,,lat9a4 ,fir/ ,lessons 9 ,lat9 ,accid5ce4 ,) ,vocabul>y4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #as4 ,,easy ,,lat9 ,,ex]cises ,,on ,,! ,,syntax ,,( ,,! ,,%ort] ,,& ,,revis$ ,,lat9 ,,prim]4 ,) ,vocabul>y4 ,eigh? & *eap] ,edition1 re-writt54 ,cr[n #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,issu$ ) ! cons5t ( ,dr4 ,k5n$y4 ,,key #cs4 net4 ,,! ,,lat9 ,,comp\nd ,,s5t5ce3 ,rules & ,ex]cises4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,) ,vocabul>y4 #bs4 ,,not&a ,,qua$am3 ,miscellane\s ,lat9 ,ex]cises on ,common ,rules & ,idioms4 ,f\r? ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,) ,vocabul>y4 #bs4 ,,key1 #bs4 ,,net4 ,,lat9 ,,vocabul>ies ,,= ,,repetition3 ,arrang$ accord+ to ,subjects4 ,n9? ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,a ,,vocabul>y ,,( ,,lat9 ,,idioms4 #ahmo4 ,second ,edition4 #as4 ,,/eps ,,to ,,greek4 ,second ,edition1 ,revis$4 #ahmo4 #as4 ,a ,,%ort] ,,greek ,,prim]4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,easy ,,greek ,,passages ,,= ,,unse5 ,,translation4 ,?ird ,edition ,revis$4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,greek ,,vocabul>ies ,,= ,,repetition4 ,arrang$ accord+ to ,subjects4 ,second ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,greek ,,te/am5t ,,selections4 ,= ! use ( ,s*ools4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,) ,introduction1 ,notes1 & ,vocabul>y4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,/eps ,,to ,,fr5*4 ,fif? ,edition4 #ahmo4 #h;d4 ,,fir/ ,,fr5* ,,lessons4 ,fif? ,edition ,revis$4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #as4 ,,easy ,,fr5* ,,passages ,,= ,,unse5 ,,translation4 ,f\r? ,edition revis$4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,easy ,,fr5* ,,ex]cises ,,on ,,elem5t>y ,,syntax4 ,) ,vocabul>y4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,key #cs4 net4 ,,fr5* ,,vocabul>ies ,,= ,,repetition3 ,arrang$ accord+ to ,subjects4 ,n9? ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 ,,s*ool ,,exam9ation ,,s]ies ,,edit$ ,,by ,a4 ,m4 ,m4 ,,/$man1 ,m4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,fr5* ,,exam9ation ,,pap]s ,,9 ,,miscellane\s ,,gramm> ,,& ,,idioms4 ,by ,a4 ,m4 ,m4 ,,/$man1 ,m4,a4 ,elev5? ,edition4 ,a ,,key1 issu$ to ,tutors & ,private ,/ud5ts only1 to be _h on application to ! ,publi%]s4 ,f\r? ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 net4 ,,lat9 ,,exam9ation ,,pap]s ,,9 ,,miscellane\s ,,gramm> ,,& ,,idioms4 ,by ,a4 ,m4 ,m4 ,,/$man1 ,m4,a4 ,t5? ,edition4 ,,key 7,f\r? ,edition7 issu$ z above4 #fs4 net4 ,,greek ,,exam9ation ,,pap]s ,,9 ,,miscellane\s ,,gramm> ,,& ,,idioms4 ,by ,a4 ,m4 ,m4 ,,/$man1 ,m4,a4 ,six? ,edition4 ,,key 7,second ,edition7 issu$ z above4 #fs4 net4 ,,g]man ,,exam9ation ,,pap]s ,,9 ,,miscellane\s ,,gramm> ,,& ,,idioms4 ,by ,r4 ,j4 ,,mori*1 ,clifton ,college4 ,fif? ,edition4 ,,key 7,second ,edition7 issu$ z above4 #fs4 net4 ,,hi/ory ,,& ,,geography ,,exam9ation ,,pap]s4 ,by ,c4 ,h4 ,,sp5ce1 ,m4,a41 ,clifton ,college4 ,second ,edition4 ,,physics ,,exam9ation ,,pap]s4 ,by ,r4 ,e4 ,,/eel1 ,m4,a41 ,f4,c4,s4 ,,g5]al ,,k ,,exam9ation ,,pap]s4 ,by ,a4 ,m4 ,m4 ,,/$man1 ,m4,a4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,,key 7,second ,edition7 issu$ z above4 #gs4 net4 ,,exam9ation ,,pap]s ,,9 ,,engli% ,,hi/ory4 ,by ,j4 ,,tait ,,pl[d5-,,w>dlaw1 ,b4,a41 ,k+'s ,college1 ,cambridge4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 99 99 99 99 99 ,transcrib]'s ,notes3 ,m9or punctuation & typography inconsi/5cies h be5 correct$ )\t comm5t4 ,spell+ ,corrections3 7,evolution1 ,text7 p4 #hj ,,footnote #ad3 ,m]z to ,m]tz 7,z set out 9 ! ,index7 p4 #ii1 fir/fruits to fir/-fruits 7! fir/-fruits (7 ,spell+ ,corrections3 7,publi%]'s ,catalogue7 p4 #be ( ,,catalogue - ,c\nty to ,c\ntry 7--,c\ntry ,g5tleman47 p4 #bi1 ,deaconness to ,deaconess 7#b7 7,deaconess ,cecilia7 p4 #cc1 subtilty to subtlety 7#b7 7subtlety ( its analysis7 ,9 ! ,catalogue-- ,major ,section ,head+s1 orig9ally 9 l>ge po9t ,s5t5ce ,text h be5 plac$ 9 ,,upp]case text1 )\t fur!r comm5t4 ,second>y ,head+s1 orig9ally 9 ,bold ,go?ic pr9t1 h be5 plac$ )9 ,plus ,signs4 ,o!r ,second>y ,head+s1 7,specifically )9 ! ,educational ,books section71 orig9ally %[n 9 ,upp]case ,bold ,italic pr9t1 are %[n ) ,,equals ,,& ,,und]scores4 ,,^w ,,v>iations3 ,d4,litt4 7#d7 & ,litt4,d4 7#ae7 pre-supposition 7#a7 & presupposition7s7 7#b7 ,sc4,d 7#a7 & ,d4,sc 7#d7