,,"* ,,& ,,op9ion ,,9 ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,,by ,,! ,,same ,,au?or ,,! ,,life ,,( ,,reason ,,or ,,! ,,phases ,,( ,,human ,,progress ,vol4 ,i4 ,reason 9 ,common ,s5se4 ,vol4 ,,ii4 ,reason 9 ,society4 ,vol4 ,,iii4 ,reason 9 ,religion4 ,vol4 ,,iv4 ,reason 9 ,art4 ,vol4 ,v4 ,reason 9 ,sci5ce4 image ,,int]pretations ,,( ,,poetry ,,& ,,religion image ,,! ,,s5se ,,( ,,beauty image ,,little ,,essays ,,drawn ,,f ,,! ,,writ+s ,,( ,,george ,,santayana ,edit$ ) a ,preface by ,,logan ,,pe>sall ,,smi? image 99,,"* ,,op9ion ,,9 ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates99 99,,) ,,rem9isc5ces ,,( ,,william ,,james ,,& ,,josiah ,,royce99 99,,& ,,academic ,,life ,,9 ,,am]ica99 ,,by ,,george ,,santayana ,,late ,,pr(essor ,,( ,,philosophy ,,9 ,,h>v>d ,,univ]sity ,,new ,,york ,,*>les ,,scribn]',s ,,sons #aiba ,fir/ ,publi%$ #aibj ,repr9t$ #aiba ,,preface ,! major "p ( ?is book is compos$ ( lectures orig9ally address$ to ,briti% audi5ces4 ,i h add$ a good deal1 b ,i make no apology1 n[ t ! :ole may fall "u ,am]ican eyes1 = pres]v+ ! tone & attitude ( a deta*$ obs]v]4 ,n at all on ! gr\nd t 8to see ourselves z o!rs see u0 w\ld be to see ourselves truly2 on ! contr>y1 ,i agree ) ,sp9oza :]e he says t o!r p's idea ( a man is apt to be a bett] expression ( _! nature ?an ( 84 ,i accept ?is pr9ciple 9 ! pres5t in/ance1 & am will+ x %\ld be appli$ to ! judgem5ts conta9$ 9 ?is book1 9 :i* ! read] may see *iefly expressions ( my own feel+s & h9ts ( my own op9ions4 ,only an ,am]ican--& ,i am n "o except by long association--c speak = ! he>t ( ,am]ica4 ,i try to und]/& x1 z a family fri5d may :o has a diff]5t temp]am5t2 b x is only my own m9d t ,i speak = at bottom1 or wi% to speak =4 ,c]ta9ly my s5tim5ts are ( little importance comp>$ ) ! volume & de/9y ( ! ?+s ,i discuss "h3 yet ! critic & arti/ too h _! rights1 & to take z calm & z long a view z possible seems to be b ano!r "n = ! love ( tru?4 ,moreov]1 ,i suspect t my feel+s are secretly %>$ by _m p 9 ,am]ica1 natives & =eign]s1 :o may n h ! c\rage or ! occasion to express !m frankly4 ,aft] all1 x has be5 acqua9tance ) ,am]ica & ,am]ican philosoph]s t has *iefly contribut$ to cle> & to settle my own m9d4 ,i h no axe to gr9d1 only my ?\ghts to burni%1 9 ! hope t "s "p ( ! tru? ( ?+s may be reflect$ !re2 & ,i am confid5t ( n giv+ s]i\s (f5ce to ! judici\s1 because !y w feel t x is affection = ! ,am]ican p t makes me wi% t :at is be/ & mo/ beautiful %\ld n be abs5t f _! lives4 ,civilisation is p]haps approa*+ "o ( ^? long w9t]s t ov]take x f "t to "t4 ,a flood ( b>b>ism f bel[ may soon level all ! fair works ( our ,*ri/ian ance/ors1 z ano!r flood two ?\s& ye>s ago levell$ ^? ( ! anci5ts4 ,romantic ,*ri/5dom--picturesque1 passionate1 unhappy episode--may be com+ to an end4 ,su* a cata/rophe w\ld be no reason = despair4 ,no?+ la/s = ev]2 b ! ela/icity ( life is wond]ful1 & ev5 if ! _w lo/ its memory x c\ld n lose its y\?4 ,"u ! deluge1 & wat]$ by x1 se$s ( all sorts w\ld survive aga9/ ! "t to come1 ev5 if :at might ev5tually spr+ f !m1 "u ! new circum/ances1 %\ld we> a /range aspect4 ,9 a c]ta9 measure1 & un9t5tionally1 bo? ?is de/ruction & ?is re/oration h already occurr$ 9 ,am]ica4 ,!re is mu* =getfulness1 mu* call[ disrespect = :at is pa/ or ali52 b !re is a fund ( vig\r1 goodness1 & hope su* z no nation ev] possess$ be=e4 ,9 :at sometimes looks l ,am]ican gre$9ess & jo/l+ = ! front place1 all is love ( a*ievem5t1 no?+ is unk9dness2 x is a fe>less p1 & free f malice1 z y might see 9 _! eyes & ge/ures1 ev5 if _! conduct did n prove x4 ,?is soil is propiti\s to e se$1 & t>es mu/ ne$s gr[ 9 x2 b :y %\ld x n also bre$ cle> ?9k+1 hone/ judgem5t1 & rational happ9ess8 ,^! ?+s are inde$ n necess>y to exi/5ce1 & )\t !m ,am]ica might long rema9 ri* & popul\s l _m a b>b>\s l& 9 ! pa/2 b 9 t case its exi/5ce w\ld be h\nd$1 l !irs1 by falsity & remorse4 ,may ,heav5 av]t ! om51 & make ! new _w a bett] _w ?an ! old6 ,9 ! classical & romantic tradition ( ,europe1 love1 ( :i* !re 0 v little1 0 suppos$ to be k9dl$ by beauty1 ( :i* !re 0 a great deal3 p]haps moral *emi/ry may be able to rev]se ?is op]ation1 & 9 ! future & 9 ,am]ica x may bre$ beauty out ( love4 #a ,p]haps ,i %\ld add t ,i h n be5 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates s9ce ,janu>y #aiab4 ,my obs]vations /ret*$1 ) "s int]vals1 ?r\gh ! =ty ye>s prec$+ t date4 ,,cont5ts ,,preface ,,*apt] ,i--,,! ,,moral ,,backgr\nd ,,*apt] ,,ii--,,! ,,academic ,,environm5t ,,*apt] ,,iii--,,william ,,james ,,*apt] ,,iv--,,josiah ,,royce ,,*apt] ,v--,,lat] ,,speculations ,,*apt] ,,vi--,,mat]ialism ,,& ,,idealism ,,9 ,,am]ican ,,life ,,*apt] ,,vii--,,engli% ,,lib]ty ,,9 ,,am]ica ,,*apt] ,i--,,! ,,moral ,,backgr\nd ,ab\t ! middle ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 9 ! quiet sun%9e ( prov9cial prosp]ity1 ,new ,engl& _h an ,indian summ] ( ! m9d2 & an agreeable reflective lit]ature %[$ h[ brilliant t russet & yell[ season c\ld be4 ,!re 7 poets1 hi/orians1 orators1 prea*]s1 mo/ ( :om _h /udi$ =eign lit]atures & _h travell$2 !y demurely kept up ) ! times2 !y 7 univ]sal humani/s4 ,b x 0 all a h>ve/ ( leaves2 ^! wor?ies _h an expurgat$ & b>r5 conception ( life2 !irs 0 ! purity ( sweet old age4 ,sometimes !y made attempts to rejuv5ate _! m9ds by broa*+ native subjects2 !y wi%$ to prove h[ mu* matt] = poetry ! new _w suppli$1 & !y wrote 8,rip van ,w9kle10 8,hiawa?a10 or 8,evangel9e02 b ! inspiration did n seem mu* m ,am]ican ?an t ( ,swift or ,ossian or ,*teaubri&4 ,^! cultivat$ writ]s lack$ native roots & fre% sap because ! ,am]ican intellect itself lack$ !m4 ,_! culture 0 half a pi\s survival1 half an int5tional acquirem5t2 x 0 n ! inevitable fl[]+ ( a fre% exp]i5ce4 ,lat] !re h be5 admirable analytic noveli/s :o h depict$ ,am]ican life z x is1 b r bitt]ly1 r sadly2 z if ! joy & ! illusion ( x did n inspire !m1 b only an ab/ract int]e/ 9 _! own art4 ,if any "o1 l ,walt ,:itman1 p5etrat$ to ! feel+s & images :i* ! ,am]ican sc5e 0 able to bre$ out ( itself1 & fill$ !m ) a frank & broad afflatus ( 8 own1 !re is no d\bt t he misrepres5t$ ! consci\s m9ds ( cultivat$ ,am]icans2 9 !m ! head z yet did n belong to ! trunk4 ,nev]!less1 belleslettres 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates--:i* aft] all /ret* beyond ,new ,engl&--h always _h two po9ts ( contact ) ! great national exp]im5t4 ,"o po9t ( contact has be5 oratory1 ) t sort ( poetry1 patriotic1 religi\s1 or moral1 :i* has ! function ( oratory4 ,eloqu5ce is a republican art1 z conv]sation is an ari/ocratic "o4 ,by eloqu5ce at public meet+s & d9n]s1 9 ! pulpit or 9 ! press1 ! impulses ( ! community c\ld be br\ght to expression2 consecrat$ maxims c\ld be reappli$2 ! :ole lat5t manl9ess & %rewdness ( ! nation c\ld be mobilis$4 ,9 ! =m ( oratory reflection1 ris+ out ( ! problems ( action1 c\ld be turn$ to guide or to sanction action1 & sometimes c\ld atta91 9 s do+1 a notable elevation ( ?\ght4 ,al?\gh ,am]icans1 & _m o!r p1 usually say t ?\ght is = ! sake ( action1 x has evid5tly be5 9 ^! high mom5ts1 :5 action became inc&esc5t 9 ?\ght1 t !y h be5 mo/ truly alive1 int5sively mo/ active1 & al?\gh do+ no?+1 h f\nd at la/ t _! exi/5ce 0 wor? :ile4 ,reflection is itself a turn1 & ! top turn1 giv5 to life4 ,"h is ! second po9t at :i* lit]ature 9 ,am]ica has fus$ ) ! activities ( ! nation3 x has paus$ to enjoy !m4 ,e animal has 8 fe/ive & c]emoni\s mom5ts1 :5 he poses or plumes himself or ?9ks2 sometimes he ev5 s+s & flies al(t 9 a sort ( ec/asy4 ,some:at 9 ! same way1 :5 reflection 9 man becomes dom9ant1 x may become passionate2 x may create religion or philosophy--adv5tures (t5 m ?rill+ ?an ! humdrum exp]i5ce !y are suppos$ to int]rupt4 ,?is pure flame ( m9d is no?+ new1 sup]add$1 or ali5 9 ,am]ica4 ,x is notori\s h[ metaphysical 0 ! passion t drove ! ,puritans to ^? %ores2 !y w5t !re 9 ! hope ( liv+ m p]fectly 9 ! _s4 ,& _! pilgrim's progress 0 n f9i%$ :5 !y _h f\nd$ _! *ur*es 9 ! wild]ness2 an endless migration ( ! m9d 0 /ill be=e !m1 a flight f ^? new idols & s]vitudes :i* prosp]ity involves1 & ! et]nal lure ( spiritual fre$om & tru?4 ,! moral _w always conta9s undiscov]$ or ?9ly peopl$ cont95ts op5 to ^? :o are m atta*$ to :at might or %\ld be ?an to :at already is4 ,am]icans are em95tly prophets2 !y apply morals to public affairs2 !y are impati5t & en?usia/ic4 ,_! judgem5ts h highly speculative implications1 :i* !y (t5 make explicit2 !y are m5 ) pr9ciples1 & fond ( /at+ !m4 ,moreov]1 !y h an int5se selfreliance2 to ex]cise private judgem5t is n only a habit ) !m b a consci\s duty4 ,n seldom p]sonal conv]sions & my/ical exp]i5ces ?r[ _! +ra9$ fai? into novel =ms1 :i* may be v bold & radical4 ,!y are traditionally ex]cis$ ab\t religion1 & adrift on ! subject m ?an any o!r p on e>?2 & if religion is a dream+ philosophy1 & philosophy a wak+ religion1 a p s wide awake & s religi\s z ! old ,yankees ought c]ta9ly to h be5 ri* 9 philosoph]s4 ,9 fact1 philosophy 9 ! good old s5se ( curiosity ab\t ! nature ( ?+s1 ) read9ess to make ! be/ ( !m1 has n be5 abs5t f ! practice ( ,am]icans or f _! humor\s moods2 _! hum\r & %rewdness are sly comm5ts on ! %ortcom+s ( "s polite conv5tion t ev]ybody accepts tacitly1 yet feels to be insecure & contr>y to ! pr9ciples on :i* life is actually c>ri$ on4 ,nev]!less1 ) ! %yness :i* simple compet5ce (t5 %[s 9 ! pres5ce ( conv5tional %ams1 ^! wits h n tak5 _! native wisdom v s]i\sly4 ,!y h n _h ! leisure nor ! intellectual scope to ?9k out & def5d ! implications ( _! homely p]ceptions4 ,_! fre% insight has be5 :isp]$ 9 p>5!ses & asides2 x has be5 humbly bani%$1 9 al>m1 f _! solemn mom5ts4 ,:at p h respect$ h be5 r scraps ( (ficial philosophy1 or entire sy/ems1 :i* !y h inh]it$ or import$1 z !y h respect$ op]as & art museums4 ,to be on speak+ t]ms ) ^! f9e ?+s 0 a "p ( social respectability1 l hav+ family silv]4 ,high ?\ghts mu/ be at h&1 l ^? c&le/icks1 probably c&leless1 sometimes display$ z a seemly ornam5t 9 a room blaz+ ) electric light4 ,ev5 9 ,william ,james1 spontane\s & /imulat+ z he 01 a c]ta9 und]ly+ discom=t 0 disc]nible2 he _h come out into ! op51 into :at %\ld h be5 ! sun%9e1 b ! va/ %ad[ ( ! temple /ill /ood betwe5 him & ! sun4 ,he 0 worri$ ab\t :at ought to be believ$ & ! awful deprivations ( disbeliev+4 ,:at he call$ ! cynical view ( any?+ _h fir/ to be bru%$ aside1 )\t /opp+ to consid] :e!r x 0 n ! true "o2 & he 0 b5t on f9d+ new & empirical reasons = cl++ to freew1 dep>t$ spirits1 & tutel>y gods4 ,nobody1 except p]haps 9 ?is la/ decade1 has tri$ to bridge ! *asm betwe5 :at he believes 9 daily life & ! 8problems0 ( philosophy4 ,nature & sci5ce h n be5 ignor$1 & 8practice0 9 "s s*ools has be5 con/antly ref]r$ to2 b in/ead ( supply+ philosophy ) its data !y h only con/itut$ its difficulties2 its function has be5 n to build on kn[n facts b to expla9 !m away4 ,h5ce a curi\s alt]nation & irrelevance1 z betwe5 weekdays & ,sabba?s1 betwe5 ,am]ican ways & ,am]ican op9ions4 ,t philosophy %\ld be atta*$ to tradition w\ld be a great advantage1 conducive to mutual und]/&+1 to maturity1 & to progress1 if ! tradition lay 9 ! highway ( tru?4 ,to deviate f x 9 t case w\ld be to betray ! fact t1 :ile "o might h a lively m9d1 "o 0 n ma/] ( ! subject4 ,un=tunately1 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury1 9 ,am]ica z else:]e1 ! rul+ tradition 0 n only erratic & f> f ! highway ( tru?1 b ! noonday ( ?is tradition 0 ov]1 & its classic =ms 7 outgr[n4 ,a philosophy may h a high value1 o!r ?an its tru? to ?+s1 9 its tru? to me?od & to ! g5ius ( its au?or2 x may be a feat ( syn!sis & imag9ation1 l a great poem1 express+ "o ( ! et]nal possibilities ( be+1 al?\gh "o :i* ! creator happ5$ to reject :5 he made ?is _w4 ,x is possible to be a ma/] 9 false philosophy--easi]1 9 fact1 ?an to be a ma/] 9 ! tru?1 because a false philosophy c be made z simple & consi/5t z "o pleases4 ,su* _h be5 ! ma/]s ( ! tradition preval5t 9 ,new ,engl&--,calv91 ,hume1 ,fi*te1 n to m5tion o!rs m reli%$ because less pure2 b "o ( ! disadvantages ( su* p]fection 9 error is t ! illusion is h>d] to transmit to ano!r age & c\ntry4 ,if ,jona?an ,edw>ds1 = in/ance1 0 a ,calv9i/ ( pri/9e =ce & p]haps ! greate/ ma/] 9 false philosophy t ,am]ica has yet produc$1 he paid ! price by be+ ab&on$1 ev5 9 8 lifetime1 by 8 own sect1 & see+ ! _w turn a deaf e> to 8 logic )\t s mu* z attempt+ to refute x4 ,"o ( ! peculi>ities ( rec5t speculation1 especially 9 ,am]ica1 is t ideas are ab&on$ 9 virtue ( a m]e *ange ( feel+1 )\t any new evid5ce or new argum5ts4 ,we d n n[adays refute our pr$ecessors1 we pleasantly bid !m goodbye4 ,ev5 if all our pr9ciples are unwitt+ly traditional we d n l to b[ op5ly to au?ority4 ,h5ce ma/]s l ,calv91 ,hume1 or ,fi*te rose be=e _! ,am]ican admir]s l =midable gho/s1 =eign & unseizable4 ,p refus$ to be encumb]$ ) any sy/em1 ev5 "o ( _! own2 !y 7 cont5t to imbibe m or less ( ! _s ( a philosophy & to let x play on su* facts z happ5$ to attract _! att5tion4 ,! orig9ality ev5 ( ,em]son & ( ,william ,james 0 ( ?is incid5tal "*2 !y f\nd new approa*es to old beliefs or new exp$i5ts 9 old dilemmas4 ,!y 7 n 9 a s*ola/ic s5se pupils ( anybody or ma/]s 9 any?+4 ,!y hat$ ! s*ola/ic way ( say+ :at !y meant1 if !y _h he>d ( x2 !y insi/$ on a p]sonal fre%ness ( /yle1 refus+ to make _! ?\ght m precise ?an x happ5$ to be spontane\sly2 & !y lisp$ _! logic1 :5 ! logic came4 ,we mu/ rememb] t ev] s9ce ! days ( ,socrates1 & especially aft] ! e/abli%m5t ( ,*ri/ianity1 ! dice ( ?\ght h be5 load$4 ,c]ta9 pl$ges h prec$$ inquiry & divid$ ! possible conclusions be=eh& into ! acceptable & ! inacceptable1 ! edify+ & ! %ock+1 ! noble & ! base4 ,wond] has no long] be5 ! root ( philosophy1 b sometimes impati5ce at hav+ be5 *eat$ & sometimes fe> ( be+ undeceiv$4 ,! m>vel ( exi/5ce1 9 :i* ! lum9\s & ! opaque are s romantically m+l$1 no long] lay l a sea op5 to intellectual adv5ture1 tempt+ ! m9d to conceive "s bold & curi\s sy/em ( ! univ]se on ! analogy ( :at _h be5 s f> discov]$4 ,in/ead1 p 7 confront$ ) an or?odoxy--?\gh n always ! same or?odoxy--:isp]+ my/]ies & br&i%+ ana!mas4 ,_! wits 7 absorb$ 9 solv+ traditional problems1 _m ( !m artificial & su* z ! rul+ or?odoxy _h creat$ by its gratuit\s assumptions4 ,difficulties 7 !re=e f\nd 9 "s p]fectly obvi\s tru?s2 & obvi\s fables1 if !y 7 hall[$ by association1 7 s]i\sly weigh$ 9 ! balance aga9/ "o ano!r or aga9/ ! facts2 & _m an actual ?+ 0 prov$ to be impossible1 or 0 hidd5 "u a false description4 ,9 cons]vative s*ools ! /ud5t le>n$ & tri$ to fa?om ! receiv$ solutions2 9 lib]al s*ools he 0 p]haps invit$ to seek solutions ( 8 own1 b /ill to ! old que/ions4 ,fre$om1 :5 nom9ally all[$1 0 a provisional fre$om2 if y\r w&]+s did n someh[ br+ y back to or?odoxy y 7 a misguid$ be+1 no matt] h[ disp>ate f ! or?odox might be ! field f :i* y fet*$ y\r little h>ve/2 & if y c\ld n be answ]$ y 7 call$ sup]ficial4 ,mo/ spirits are c[$ by su* disp>agem5t2 b ev5 ^? :o snap _! f+]s at x d n escape2 !y c h>dly help feel+ t 9 call+ a spade a spade !y are petulant & naughty2 or if _! inspiration is too g5u9e = t1 !y /ill unwitt+ly %ape _! op9ions 9 contra/ to ^? t claim au?ority1 & !re=e on ! same false l9es--a t]rible tax to pay to ! errors ( o!rs2 & x is only "h & !re t a v great & solit>y m9d1 l t ( ,sp9oza1 c endure obloquy )\t bitt]ness or c pass ?r\gh p]v]se controv]sies )\t contagion4 ,"u su* circum/ances x is obvi\s t speculation c be frank & happy only :]e or?odoxy has rec$$1 ab&on+ a l>g] & l>g] field to unprejudic$ inquiry2 or else 7z has happ5$ among lib]al ,prote/ants7 :]e ! v he>t ( or?odoxy has melt$1 has absorb$ ! mo/ ali5 sub/ances1 & is ready to bloom into any?+ t anybody f9ds attractive4 ,?is is ! secret ( t extraord9>y vogue :i* ! transc5d5tal philosophy has _h = ne>ly a c5tury 9 ,great ,brita9 & ,am]ica2 x is a me?od :i* enables a man to r5ovate all 8 beliefs1 sci5tific & religi\s1 f ! inside1 giv+ !m a new /atus & int]pretation z phases ( 8 own exp]i5ce or imag9ation2 s t he does n seem to himself to reject any?+1 & yet is b\nd to no?+1 except to 8 creative self4 ,_m too :o h no incl9ation to practise ?is transc5d5tal me?od--a p]sonal1 ardu\s1 & futile art1 :i* requires to be r5ew$ at e mom5t--h be5 impress$ ) ! results or ! maxims ( ?is or t transc5d5tal philosoph]1 su* z t e op9ion leads on to ano!r t re9t]prets x1 or e evil to "s high] good t conta9s x2 & !y h manag$ to id5tify ^! views ) :at /ill seem$ to !m vital 9 religion4 ,9 spite ( ?is pr(\nd mutation at ! core1 & mu* p>+ at ! edges1 traditional belief 9 ,new ,engl& reta9$ its cont9uity & its prie/ly unction2 & religi\s tea*]s & philosoph]s c\ld slip away f ,calv9ism & ev5 f ,*ri/ianity )\t any loss ( elevation or au/]ity4 ,!y f\nd x s pleasant & easy to elude ! pa/ t !y really _h no qu>rel ) x4 ,! _w1 !y felt1 0 a safe place1 wat*$ ov] by a k9dly ,god1 :o exact$ no?+ b *e]fulness & goodw f 8 *ildr52 & ! ,am]ican flag 0 a sort ( ra9b[ 9 ! sky1 promis+ t all /orms 7 ov]4 ,or if /orms came1 su* z ! ,civil ,w>1 !y w\ld n be h>d] to wea!r ?an 0 necess>y to te/ ! national _s & raise x to a new effici5cy4 ,! subtl] dang]s :i* we may n[ see ?reat5+ ,am]ica _h n yet come 9 sight--mat]ial re/lessness 0 n yet om9\s1 ! pressure ( bus9ess ent]prises 0 n yet out ( scale ) ! old life or out ( key ) ! old moral h>monies4 ,a new type ( ,am]ican _h n appe>$--! untra9$1 pu%+1 cosmopolitan orphan1 cocksure 9 mann] b n too sure 9 8 morality1 to :om ! old ,yankee1 ) 8 s\r integrity1 is almo/ a =eign]4 ,0 n 8increase10 9 ! ,bible1 a synonym = b5efit8 ,0 n 8abundance0 ! same1 or almo/ ! same1 z happ9ess8 ,meantime ! *ur*es1 a little a%am$ ( _! pa/1 began to c\rt ! good op9ion ( s excell5t a _w4 ,al?\gh call$ evangelical1 !y 7 f>1 v f>1 f prophesy+ its end1 or (f]+ a refuge f x1 or prea*+ contempt = x2 !y exi/$ only to s]ve x1 & _! highe/ div9e cr$5tial 0 t ! _w ne$$ !m4 ,irreligion1 dissolut5ess1 & pessimism--suppos$ naturally to g toge!r--c\ld nev] prosp]2 !y 7 incompatible ) effici5cy4 ,t 0 ! supreme te/4 8,be ,*ri/ians10 ,i once he>d a presid5t ( ,yale ,college cry to 8 assembl$ pupils1 8be ,*ri/ians & y w be successful40 ,religion 0 indisp5sable & sacr$1 :5 n c>ri$ too f>2 b !ology might well be unnecess>y4 ,:y di/ract ?is _w ) talk ( ano!r8 ,en\gh = ! day 0 ! good !re(4 ,religion %\ld be dis5tangl$ z mu* z possible f hi/ory & au?ority & metaphysics1 & made to re/ hone/ly on "o's f9e feel+s1 on "o's indomitable optimism & tru/ 9 life4 ,revelation 0 no?+ miracul\s1 giv5 once = all 9 "s remote age & =eign c\ntry2 x mu/ come to u directly1 & ) great] au?ority n[ ?an ev] be=e4 ,if evolution 0 to be tak5 s]i\sly & to include moral gr[?1 ! great m5 ( ! pa/ c\ld only be /epp+/ones to our own dignity4 ,to gr[ 0 to conta9 & sum up all ! good t _h gone be=e1 add+ an appropriate increm5t4 ,und\bt$ly "s e>ly figures 7 beautiful1 & all[ances _h to be made = local influ5ces 9 ,pale/9e1 a place s mu* m primitive & backw>d ?an ,massa*usetts4 ,jesus 0 a prophet m w9some & ne>] to ourselves ?an 8 pr$ecessors2 b h[ c\ld any "o d5y t ! tw5ty c5turies ( progress s9ce 8 "t mu/ h rais$ a l(ti] p$e/al = ,em]son or ,*>m+ or ,phillips ,brooks8 ,x might someh[ n be 9 good ta/e to put ?is feel+ into cle> words2 "o & p]haps two ( ^! m5 w\ld h deprecat$ x2 nev]!less x beam$ ) refulg5t selfsatisfaction 9 ! lives & maxims ( mo/ ( _! foll[]s4 ,all ?is lib]alism1 h[ev]1 nev] t\*$ ! c5tre ( traditional or?odoxy1 & ^? :o1 = all _! mod]nness1 felt t !y inh]it$ ! fai? ( _! fa!rs & 7 true to x 7 fundam5tally "r4 ,!re 0 /ill an or?odoxy among ,am]ican highbr[s at ! end ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 diss5t f :i* 0 felt to be sc&al\s2 x consi/$ 9 hold+ t ! univ]se exi/s & is gov]n$ = ! sake ( man or ( ! human _s4 ,?is p]suasion1 arrogant z x might seem1 is at bottom an expression ( impot5ce r ?an ( pride4 ,! s\l is orig9ally vegetative2 x feels ! weal & woe ( :at occurs )9 ! body4 ,) locomotion & ! in/9ct to hunt & to flee1 animals beg9 to notice ext]nal ?+s also2 b ! *ief po9t notic$ ab\t !m is :e!r !y are good or bad1 fri5dly or ho/ile1 f> or ne>4 ,! /ation ( ! animal & 8 int]e/s ?us become ! measure ( all ?+s = him1 9 s f> z he kn[s !m2 & ?is aspect ( !m is1 by a primitive fatality1 ! he>t ( !m to him4 ,x is only reason t c disc\nt ^! *ildi% p]spectives1 neutralise ! bias ( ea* by collat+ x ) ! o!rs1 & ma/]fully conceive ! field 9 :i* _! common objects are deploy$1 discov]+ also ! pr9ciple ( =e%ort5+ or projection :i* produces ea* p]spective 9 turn4 ,b reason is a lat] com] into ?is _w1 & weak2 aga9/ its suasion /&s ! mighty resi/ance ( habit & ( moral presumption4 ,x is 9 _! int]e/1 & to rehabilitate ! w>m vegetative autonomy ( ! primitive s\l1 t or?odox religion & philosophy lab\r 9 ! we/]n _w--= ! m9d ( ,india _c be *>g$ ) ?is folly4 ,al?\gh inw>dly ^! sy/ems h n n[ a good consci5ce & d n feel v secure 7= !y are retrograde & s9 aga9/ ! light71 yet outw>dly !y are solemn & v5]able2 & !y h incorporat$ a great deal ( moral wisdom ) _! egotism or humanism--m ?an ! ,indians ) _! respect = ! inf9ite4 ,9 deify+ human int]e/s !y h naturally /udi$ & express$ !m ju/ly1 :]eas ^? :o p]ceive ! relativity ( human goods are tempt$ to scorn !m--:i* is itself unreasonable--& to sacrifice !m all to ! s+le passion ( wor%ip or ( despair4 ,h>dly anybody1 except possibly ! ,greeks at _! be/1 has realis$ ! sweetness & glory ( be+ a rational animal4 ,! ,jews1 z we "k1 _h come to ?9k t x 0 ! creator ( ! _w1 ! ,god ( ! univ]se1 :o _h tak5 !m = 8 *os5 p4 ,*ri/ians 9 turn _h ass]t$ t x 0 ,god 9 p]son :o1 hav+ become a man1 _h f\nd$ _! *ur*4 ,accord+ to ?is ,hebraic tradition1 ! dignity ( man did n lie 9 be+ a m9d 7:i* he und\bt$ly is7 b 9 be+ a creature mat]ially highly fav\r$1 ) a long] life & a bright] de/9y ?an o!r creatures 9 ! _w4 ,x is rem>kable h[ deep1 9 ! ,hebraic religions1 is ?is int]e/ 9 mat]ial exi/5ce2 s deep t we are surpris$ :5 we discov] t1 accord+ to ! insight ( o!r races1 ?is int]e/ is ! ess5ce ( irreligion4 ,"s deta*m5t f exi/5ce & f hopes ( mat]ial spl5d\r has inde$ filt]$ into ,*ri/ianity ?r\gh ,platonism4 ,socrates & 8 disciples admir$ ?is _w1 b !y did n p>ticul>ly covet x1 or wi% to live long 9 x1 or expect to improve x2 :at !y c>$ = 0 an idea or a good :i* !y f\nd express$ 9 x1 some?+ outside x & timeless1 9 :i* ! contemplative intellect might be lit]ally absorb$4 ,?is philosophy 0 no less humani/ic ?an t ( ! ,jews1 ?\gh 9 a less mat]ial fa%ion3 if x did n read ! univ]se 9 t]ms ( ?rift1 x read x 9 t]ms ( art4 ,! pursuit ( a good1 su* z is presumably aim$ at 9 human action1 0 suppos$ to inspire e movem5t 9 nature2 & ?is good1 = ! sake ( :i* ! v heav5s revolv$1 0 ak9 to ! intellectual happ9ess ( a ,greek sage4 ,nature 0 a philosoph] 9 pursuit ( an idea4 ,natural sci5ce !n took a moralis+ turn :i* x has n yet q outgr[n4 ,socrates requir$ ( a/ronomy1 if x 0 to be true sci5ce1 t x %\ld %[ :y x 0 be/ t ! sun & moon %\ld be z !y are2 & ,plato1 ref9+ on ?is1 assures u t ! eyes are plac$ 9 ! front ( ! head1 r ?an at ! back1 because ! front is ! nobl] qu>t]1 & t ! inte/9es are long 9 ord] t we may h leisure betwe5 meals to /udy philosophy4 ,curi\sly en\gh1 ! v enemies ( f9al causes sometimes cat* ?is infection & atta* absolute values to facts 9 an opposite s5se & 9 an inhuman int]e/2 & y (t5 he> 9 ,am]ica t :atev] is is "r4 ,^! naturali/s1 :ile !y rebuke ! morali/s = ?9k+ t nature is rul$ magically = our good1 ?9k h] adorable = be+ rul$1 9 scorn ( u1 only by h] own laws2 & ?us we oscillate betwe5 egotism & idolatry4 ,! ,re=mation did n re=m ?is belief 9 ! cosmic supremacy ( man1 or ! humanity ( ,god2 on ! contr>y1 x took x 7l s mu* else7 9 t]rible ,g]man e>ne/1 n suff]+ x any long] to be accept$ some:at lightly z a classical figure ( spee* or a my/]y re/+ on revelation4 ,! human race1 ! *os5 p1 ! ,*ri/ian elect 7 l tab]nacle )9 tab]nacle = ! _s2 b 9 ! holy ( holies 0 ! _s itself1 "o's own _s & exp]i5ce1 :i* 0 ! c5tre ( ev]y?+4 ,prote/ant philosophy1 explor+ ! doma9 ( sci5ce & hi/ory ) confid5ce1 & sure ( f9d+ ! _s walk+ !re1 0 too consci5ti\s to misrepres5t :at x f\nd4 ,z ! t]rible facts c\ld n be alt]$ !y _h to be und]m9$4 ,by turn+ psy*ology into metaphysics ?is c\ld be accompli%$1 & we c\ld rea* ! rem>kable conclusion t ! human _s 0 n s mu* ! purpose ( ! univ]se z its seat1 & ! only univ]se !re 04 ,?is conclusion1 :i* sums up idealism on its critical or sci5tific side1 w\ld n ( itself give mu* com=t to religi\s m9ds1 t usually crave massive support r ?an sublime indep5d5ce2 x leads to ! h]oic egotism ( ,fi*te or ,nietzs*e r ?an to any gre5 pa/ures beside any /ill wat]s4 ,b ! critical elem5t 9 idealism c be us$ to de/roy belief 9 ! natural _w2 & by s do+ x c op5 ! way to ano!r sort ( idealism1 n at all critical1 :i* might be call$ ! high] sup]/ition4 ,?is views ! _w z an oracle or *>ade1 conceal+ a dramatic unity1 or =mula1 or maxim1 :i* all exp]i5ce exi/s to illu/rate4 ,! habit ( reg>d+ exi/5ce z a riddle1 ) a surpris+ solution :i* we ?9k we h f\nd1 %\ld be ! s\rce ( r mix$ emotions2 ! facts rema9 z !y 71 & rival solutions may at any "t sugge/ !mselves2 & ! "o we h hit on may n1 aft] all1 be p>ticul>ly com=t+4 ,! ,*ri/ian may f9d himself turn$ by x into a hea!n1 ! humani/ into a pan!i/1 & ! hope ) :i* we in/9ctively fac$ life may be *a/5$ into m]e con=mity4 ,nev]!less1 h[ev] *ill+ & inhuman our high] sup]/ition may prove1 x w make u feel t we are ma/]s ( a my/ical secret1 t we h a fai? to def5d1 & t1 l all philosoph]s1 we h tak5 a ticket 9 a lott]y 9 :i* if we hit on ! tru?1 ev5 if x seems a blank1 we %all h drawn ! fir/ prize4 ,or?odoxy 9 ,new ,engl&1 ev5 s trans=m$ & att5uat$1 did n ( c\rse hold ! field alone4 ,!re are mat]iali/s by in/9ct 9 e age & c\ntry2 !re are always private g5tlem5 :om ! cl]gy & ! pr(essors _c deceive4 ,"h & !re a m$ical or sci5tific man1 or a man ( lett]s1 w draw f 8 special pursuits "s h9t ( ! nature ( ?+s at l>ge2 or a political radical w nurse undy+ wra? aga9/ all op9ions n t>tly ho/ile to *ur* & /ate4 ,b ^! clev] p are n organis$1 !y are n always giv5 to writ+1 nor speculative en\gh to make a sy/em out ( _! convictions4 ,! en?usia/s & ! p$agogues naturally flock to ! o!r camp4 ,! v compet5ce :i* sci5tific p & connoisseurs h 9 _! special fields dis9cl9es !m to g5]alise1 or r5d]s _! g5]alisations "osid$2 s t _! speculations are extraord9>ily weak & /amm]+4 ,bo? by :at !y repres5t & by :at !y ignore !y are isolat$ & depriv$ ( influ5ce1 s9ce only ^? :o are at home 9 a subject c feel ! =ce ( analogies drawn f t field1 :]eas any "o c be sway$ by s5tim5tal & moral appeals1 by rhetoric & unction4 ,fur!rmore1 9 ,am]ica ! mat]iali/ic s*ool is )\t t support f popul> passions :i* x draws 9 _m ,european c\ntries f its association ) anticl]icalism or ) revolution>y politics2 & x also lacks ! maturity1 selfconfid5ce1 & ref9em5t prop] 9 old] societies to ! great body ( ,epicurean & dis5*ant$ op9ion1 :]e = c5turies wits1 critics1 m9or philosoph]s1 & m5 ( ! _w h *uckl$ toge!r ov] _! ,horace1 _! ,voltaire1 & _! ,gibbon4 ,! horror :i* ! !ologians h ( infidelity passes !re=e into ! av]age ,am]ican m9d unmitigat$ by ! suspicion t any?+ pleasant c\ld lie 9 t qu>t]1 mu* less ! op5 way to nature & tru? & a secure happ9ess4 ,!re is ano!r h&icap1 ( a m te*nical sort1 "u :i* naturali/ic philosophy lab\rs 9 ,am]ica1 z x does 9 ,engl&2 x has be5 cross$ by scepticism ab\t ! validity ( p]ception & has become almo/ id5tical ) psy*ology4 ,( c\rse1 = any "o :o ?9ks naturali/ically 7z ! ,briti% empirici/s did 9 ! beg9n+1 l e unsophi/icat$ mortal71 psy*ology is ! description ( a v sup]ficial & incid5tal complication 9 ! animal k+dom3 x treats ( ! curi\s s5sibility & volatile ?\ghts awak5$ 9 ! m9d by ! gr[? & =tunes ( ! body4 ,9 not+ ^! ?\ghts & feel+s1 we c obs]ve h[ f> !y con/itute true k ( ! _w 9 :i* !y arise1 h[ f> !y ignore x1 & h[ f> !y play ) x1 by virtue ( ! poetry & ! syntax ( disc\rse :i* !y add out ( _! own exub]ance2 = fancy is a v f]tile trea*]\s ?+1 z e "o f9ds :5 he dreams4 ,b dreams run ov] into wak+ life1 & sometimes seem to p]meate & to und]lie x2 & x 0 j ?is suspicion t he might be dream+ awake1 t disc\rse & tradition might be mak+ a fool ( him1 t prompt$ ! h>dhead$ ,briton1 ev5 be=e ! ,re=mation1 to appeal f conv5tional beliefs to 8exp]i5ce40 ,he 0 anxi\s to cle> away ^? sophi/ries & impo/ures ( :i* he 0 p>ticul>ly appreh5sive1 9 view ( ! some:at =eign "* ( 8 culture & religion4 ,exp]i5ce1 he ?\ght1 w\ld be> unimpea*able witness to ! nature ( ?+s2 = by exp]i5ce he und]/ood k produc$ by direct contact ) ! object4 ,tak5 9 ?is s5se1 exp]i5ce is a me?od ( discov]y1 an ex]cise ( intellig5ce2 x is ! same obs]vation ( ?+s1 /rict1 cumulative1 & analytic1 :i* produces ! natural sci5ces4 ,x re/s on naturali/ic assumptions 7s9ce we "k :5 & :]e we f9d our data7 & c\ld n fail to end 9 mat]ialism4 ,:at prev5t$ ,briti% empiricism f com+ to ?is obvi\s conclusion 0 a peculi>ity ( ! national temp]am5t4 ,! ,engli%man is n only di/ru/ful ( too mu* reason+ & too mu* !ory 7& sci5ce & mat]ialism involve a good deal ( bo?71 b he is also fond ( mus+ & ( )draw+ into 8 inn] man4 ,accord+ly 8 empiricism took an introspective =m2 l ,hamlet he /opp$ at ! h[2 he began to ?9k ab\t ?9k+4 ,8 fir/ c>e 0 n[ to arre/ exp]i5ce z he und]w5t x2 ?\gh its pres5ce c\ld n be d5i$1 x came 9 su* a que/ionable %ape t x c\ld n be tak5 at its ^w4 ,?is m]e pres5ce ( exp]i5ce1 ?is gho/ly app>ition to ! inn] man1 0 all t empirical philosophy c\ld n[ pr(ess to discov]4 ,f> f be+ an ex]cise ( intellig5ce1 x retract$ all und]/&+1 all int]pretation1 all in/9ctive fai?2 f> f furni%+ a sure record ( ! tru?s ( nature1 x furni%$ a set ( pa?ological facts1 ! passive subjectmatt] ( psy*ology4 ,^! n[ seem$ ! only facts admissible1 & psy*ology1 = ! philosoph]s1 became ! only sci5ce4 ,exp]i5ce c\ld discov] no?+1 b all discov]ies _h to be retract$1 s t !y %\ld rev]t to ! fact ( exp]i5ce & t]m9ate !re4 ,evid5tly :5 ! naturali/ic backgr\nd & mean+ ( exp]i5ce h dropp$ out 9 ?is way1 empiricism is a =m ( idealism1 s9ce :atev] objects we c come ^u w all be a priori & a =tiori & s5su em95tiori ideal 9 ! m9d4 ,! irony ( logic actually made ,engli% empiricism1 und]/ood 9 ?is psy*ological way1 ! />t+po9t = transc5d5talism & = ,g]man philosophy4 ,betwe5 ^! two s5ses ( ! ^w exp]i5ce1 mean+ sometimes contact ) ?+s & at o!r times absolute feel+1 ! empirical s*ool 9 ,engl& & ,am]ica has be5 helplessly torn1 )\t ev] %[+ ! c\rage or ! selfk to *oose betwe5 !m4 ,i ?9k we may say t on ! :ole _! view has be5 ?is3 t feel+s or ideas 7 absolute atoms ( exi/5ce1 )\t any gr\nd or s\rce1 s t ! elem5ts ( _! univ]se 7 all m5tal2 b !y conceiv$ ^! psy*ical elem5ts to be deploy$ 9 a physical "t & ev5 7s9ce !re 7 _m simultane\s s]ies ( !m7 9 "s sort ( space4 ,^! philosoph]s 7 accord+ly ideali/s ab\t sub/ance b naturali/s ab\t ! ord] & relations ( exi/5ces2 & exp]i5ce on _! lips meant feel+ :5 !y 7 ?9k+ ( p>ticul>s1 b :5 !y 7 ?9k+ broadly1 9 matt]s ( hi/ory or sci5ce1 exp]i5ce meant ! univ]sal nebula or cat>act :i* ^! feel+s compos$--itself no object ( exp]i5ce1 b "o believ$ 9 & v imp]fectly pres5t$ 9 imag9ation4 ,^! m5 believ$ 9 nature1 & 7 mat]iali/s at he>t & to all practical purposes2 b !y 7 %y intellectually1 & seem$ to ?9k !y ran less risk ( error 9 hold+ a ?+ cov]tly ?an 9 op5ly pr(ess+ x4 ,if any "o1 l ,h]b]t ,sp5c]1 kept psy*ology 9 its place & 9 t respect rema9$ a pure naturali/1 he (t5 =feit$ ?is advantage by envelop+ ! positive in=mation he d]iv$ f ! sci5ces 9 a :irlw9d ( g5]alisations4 ,! high] sup]/ition1 ! notion t nature dances to ! tune ( "s compreh5sive =mula or "s magic rhyme1 ?us reappe>$ among ^? :o claim$ to speak = natural sci5ce4 ,9 _! romantic sympa?y ) nature !y attribut$ to h] an excessive sympa?y ) !mselves2 !y ov]look$ h] inf9ite complications & cont9ual irony1 & c&idly believ$ !y c\ld measure h] ) _! ?umbrules4 ,:y %\ld philosoph]s drag a toynet ( words1 fit to cat* butt]flies1 ?r\gh ! sea ( be+1 & expect to l& all ! fi% 9 x8 ,:y n take note simply ( :at ! p>ticul> sci5ces c z yet tell u ( ! _w8 ,c]ta9ly1 :5 put toge!r1 !y already yield a v wond]ful1 v true1 & v suffici5t picture ( x4 ,are we impati5t ( kn[+ ev]y?+8 ,b ev5 if sci5ce 0 mu* enl>g$ x w\ld h limits1 bo? 9 p5etration & 9 ext5t2 & !re w\ld always rema91 ,i w n say an inf9ity ( unsolv$ problems 7because 8problems0 are creat$ by our impati5ce or our contradictions71 b an inf9ity ( undiscov]$ facts4 ,nature is l a beautiful woman t may be z delightfully & z truly kn[n at a c]ta9 di/ance z ^u a clos] view2 z to kn[+ h] ?r\gh & ?r\gh1 t is nons5se 9 bo? cases1 & might n rew>d our pa9s4 ,! love ( allinclusiv5ess is z dang]\s 9 philosophy z 9 art4 ,! sav\r ( nature c be enjoy$ by u only ?r\gh our own s5ses & insight1 & an outl9e map ( ! entire univ]se1 ev5 if x 0 n fabul\sly concoct$1 w\ld n tell u mu* t 0 wor? kn[+ ab\t ! outly+ p>ts ( x4 ,)\t sugge/+ = a mom5t t ! prop] /udy ( mank9d is man only--= x may be l&scape or ma!matics--we may safely say t _! prop] /udy is :at lies )9 _! range & is int]e/+ to !m4 ,= ?is reason ! morali/s :o consid] pr9cipally human life & pa9t nature only z a backgr\nd to _! figures are apt to be bett] philosoph]s ?an ! speculative naturali/s4 ,9 human life we are at home1 & our views on x1 if "osid$1 are = t v reason expressive ( our "* & =tunes4 ,an un=tunate peculi>ity ( naturali/ic philosoph]s is t usually !y h b cursory & wret*$ notions ( ! inn] life ( ! m9d2 !y are dead to patriotism & to religion1 !y hate poetry & fancy & passion & ev5 philosophy itself2 & !re=e 7especially if _! sci5ce too1 z (t5 happ5s1 is borr[$ & vague7 we ne$ n wond] if ! academic & cultivat$ _w despises !m1 & h>ks back to ! my?ology ( ,plato or ,ari/otle or ,hegel1 :o at lea/ 7 conv]sant ) ! _s ( man4 ,philosoph]s are v sev]e t[>ds o!r philosoph]s because !y expect too mu*4 ,ev5 "u ! mo/ fav\rable circum/ances no mortal c be ask$ to seize ! tru? 9 its :ol5ess or at its c5tre4 ,z ! s5ses op5 to u only p>tial p]spectives1 tak5 f "o po9t ( view1 & report ! facts 9 symbols :i*1 f> f be+ adequate to ! full nature ( :at surr\nds u1 resemble ! col\r$ signals ( dang] or ( free way :i* a railway eng9edriv] pe]s at 9 ! night1 s our speculation1 :i* is a sort ( panoramic s5se1 approa*es ?+s p]iph]ally & expresses !m humanly4 ,b h[ d\bly dy$ 9 ?is subjectivity mu/ our ?\ght be :5 an or?odoxy dom9ant = ages has twi/$ ! univ]se into ! s]vice ( moral int]e/s1 & :5 ev5 ! h]etics are entangl$ 9 a scepticism s p>tial & arbitr>y t x sub/itutes psy*ology1 ! mo/ d]ivative & dubi\s ( sci5ces1 = ! direct intellig5t read+ ( exp]i5ce6 ,b ?is /ra9 ( subjectivity is n 9 all respects an evil2 x is a w>m purple dye4 ,:5 a way ( ?9k+ is deeply root$ 9 ! soil1 & embodies ! in/9cts or ev5 ! *>act]i/ic errors ( a p1 x has a value q indep5d5t ( its tru?2 x con/itutes a phase ( human life & c p[]fully affect ! intellectual drama 9 :i* x figures4 ,x is a value ( ?is sort t atta*es to mod]n philosophy 9 g5]al1 & v p>ticul>ly to ! ,am]ican ?9k]s ,i am ab\t to discuss4 ,!re w\ld be a sort ( irrelevance & unfairness 9 measur+ !m by ! /&>ds ( pure sci5ce or ev5 ( a classic sagacity1 & reproa*+ !m = n hav+ rea*$ p]fect consi/5cy or fundam5tal cle>ness4 ,m5 ( int5se feel+--& o!rs w h>dly c\nt--are n mirrors b lights4 ,if pure tru? happ5$ to be :at !y passionately desir$1 !y w\ld seek x s+lem9d$ly1 & 9 matt]s )9 _! compet5ce !y w\ld probably f9d x2 b ! desire = pure tru?1 l any o!r1 mu/ wait to be satisfi$ until its organ is ripe & ! conditions are fav\rable4 ,! n9ete5? c5tury 0 n a "t & ,am]ica 0 n a place :]e su* an a*ievem5t c\ld be expect$4 ,!re ! wise/ felt !mselves to be1 z !y 71 que/ion]s & apo/les r ?an s]5e philosoph]s4 ,we %\ld n pay !m ! d\btful complim5t ( attribut+ to !m m]its ali5 to _! tradition & scope1 z if ! nobl5ess !y actually possess$--_! consci5ce1 vig\r1 timel9ess1 & influ5ce--7 n en\gh4 ,,*apt] ,,ii--,,! ,,academic ,,environm5t ,dur+ "s tw5tyfive ye>s--f ab\t #ahhe to #aiaj--!re 0 at ,h>v>d ,college an int]e/+ congregation ( philosoph]s4 ,:y at ,h>v>d 9 p>ticul>8 ,s long z philosophy is ! free pursuit ( wisdom1 x arises :]ev] m5 ( "* & p5etration1 ea* ) 8 special exp]i5ce or hobby1 look ab\t !m 9 ?is _w4 ,t philosoph]s %\ld be pr(essors is an accid5t1 & almo/ an anomaly4 ,free reflection ab\t ev]y?+ is a habit to be imitat$1 b n a subject to exp\nd2 & an orig9al sy/em1 if ! philosoph] has "o1 is some?+ d>k1 p]il\s1 unte/$1 & n ripe to be taught1 nor is !re mu* dang] t any "o w le>n x4 ,! g5u9e philosoph]--z ,royce lik$ to say1 quot+ ! ,upani%ads--w&]s alone l ! rh9oc]os4 ,he may be foll[$1 z he may h be5 anticipat$2 & he may ev5 be accompani$1 ?\gh !re is z mu* dang] z /imulus to him 9 fly+ ) a flock4 ,9 8 disputations1 if he is drawn into !m1 he w /ill be soliloquis+1 & meet+ n ! argum5ts p]suasive to o!rs1 b only su* a v]sion ( !m z 8 own ?\ght c supply4 ,! value ( 8 que/ions & answ]s1 z ,socrates knew s well1 w lie :olly 9 ! monition ( ! argum5t develop+ )9 him & c>ry+ him :i!rsoev] x w1 l a dream or l a god4 ,if philosoph]s mu/ e>n _! liv+ & n beg 7:i* "s ( !m h ?\ght m consonant ) _! vocation71 x w\ld be saf] = !m to poli% l5ses l ,sp9oza1 or to sit 9 a black skullcap & :ite be>d at ! door ( "s unfrequ5t$ museum1 sell+ ! catalogues & tak+ 9 ! umbrellas2 ^! innoc5t ways ( e>n+ _! breadc>d 9 ! future republic w\ld n prejudice _! m$itations & w\ld keep _! eyes fix$1 )\t undue affection1 on a *>act]i/ic bit ( t real _w :i* x is _! bus9ess to und]/&4 ,or if1 be+ mild & booki%1 x is ?\ght !y ought to be tea*]s1 !y might tea* some?+ else ?an philosophy2 or if philosophy is ! only ?+ !y are compet5t to tea*1 x might at lea/ n be _! own1 b "s classic sy/em ) :i*1 & aga9/ :i*1 mank9d is already inoculat$--pref]ably ! civilis$ e?ics & *>m+ my?s ( ,plato & ,ari/otle1 :i* ev]ybody w be ! bett] = kn[+ & few ! worse = believ+4 ,at be/1 ! true philosoph] c fulfil 8 mission v imp]fectly1 :i* is to pilot himself1 or at mo/ a few volunt>y companions :o may f9d !mselves 9 ! same boat4 ,x is n easy = him to %\t1 or address a cr[d2 he mu/ be sil5t = long seasons2 = he is wat*+ />s t move sl[ly & 9 c\rses t x is possible ?\gh difficult to =esee2 & he is cru%+ all ?+s 9 8 he>t z 9 a w9epress1 until 8 life & _! secret fl[ out toge!r4 ,! t5d5cy to ga!r & to bre$ philosoph]s 9 univ]sities does n belong to ages ( free & humane reflection3 x is s*ola/ic & prop] to ! ,middle ,ages & to ,g]many4 ,& ! reason is n f> to seek4 ,:5 !re is a philosophical or?odoxy1 & speculation is expect$ to be a reason$ def5ce ( "s fund$ inspiration1 x becomes itself corporate & traditional1 & requires c5tres ( tea*+1 end[m5t1 & propag&a4 ,fundam5tal que/ions h be5 settl$ by ! *ur*1 ! gov]nm5t1 or ! ,zeitgei/1 & ! function ( ! pr(essor1 himself br$ 9 t s*ool1 is to transmit its lore to ! next g5]ation1 ) su* orig9al t\*es ( insight or eloqu5ce z he may comm&4 ,to ma9ta9 & elucidate su* a tradition1 all ! s*ools & univ]sities ( ,*ri/5dom 7 orig9ally f\nd$2 & if philosophy seem$ sometimes to occupy b a small place 9 !m--z = in/ance 9 ! oldfa%ion$ ,am]ican college--x 0 only because ! entire discipl9e & in/ruction ( ! place 7 p]meat$ ) a p>ticul> sy/em ( fai? & morals1 :i* x 0 almo/ sup]flu\s to tea* 9 ! ab/ract4 ,9 ^? univ]sities :]e philosophical controv]sy is rife1 its traditional & s*ola/ic "* is no less obvi\s2 x lives less on m$itation ?an on debate1 & turns on pro(s1 objections1 p>adoxes1 or exp$i5ts = seem+ to ree/abli% ev]y?+ t _h come to seem cle>ly false1 by "s +5i\s *ange ( front or "s twi/ ( dialectic4 ,its subjectmatt] is n s mu* :at is kn[n ( ! _w1 z :at (t5 v ignorant philosoph]s h said 9 answ] to "o ano!r2 or else1 :5 ! age is out ( pati5ce ) s*ola/icism1 or?odoxy may take refuge 9 intuition1 & = fe> ( ! lett] )\t ! _s1 may excuse itself f consid]+ at all :at is logical or probable1 9 ord] to embrace :atev] seems mo/ welcome & com=t+4 ,! sweet homilies ( ! pr(essors !n become cl]ical1 g5teel1 & fem99e4 ,h>v>d ,college _h be5 f\nd$ to re> puritan div9es1 & z ,calv9ism gradually dissolv$1 x left a void !re & z x 7 a m\ld1 :i* a philosophy express+ ! same in/9cts 9 a _w intellectually trans=m$ c\ld fl[ into & fill almo/ )\t kn[+ x4 ,corporate bodies are l p]sons1 long vaguely sway$ by e>ly impressions !y may h =gott54 ,ev5 :5 *anges come ov] ! _s ( _! dream1 a s5se ( ! mission to :i* !y 7 fir/ d$icat$ l+]s ab\t !m1 & may revive1 l ! antiqu>ian & poetic ,ca?olicism ( ,ox=d 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,9 academic ,am]ica ! ,platonic & ,ca?olic traditions _h nev] be5 plant$2 x 0 only ! ,calv9i/ic tradition1 :5 reviv$ 9 "s mod]n disguise1 t c\ld /ir !re ! secret cord ( rev]5ce & en?usiasm4 ,h>v>d 0 ! sem9>y & academy = ! inn] circle ( ,bo/onians1 & naturally respond$ to all ! lib]al & lit]>y movem5ts ( :i* ,bo/on 0 ! c5tre4 ,9 religion x became fir/ ,unit>ian & aft]w>ds neutral2 9 philosophy x might long h be5 satisfi$ ) :at o!r ,new ,engl& colleges f\nd suffici5t1 namely su* l(ty views z ! presid5t1 usually a cl]gyman1 c\ld introduce into 8 baccalaureate s]mons1 or into ! c\rse ( lectures he might give = s5iors on ! evid5ces ( ,*ri/ianity or on ! !ory ( evolution4 ,su* philosophical initiation _h suffic$ = ! di/+ui%$ lit]>y m5 ( ! middle ( ! c5tury1 & ev5 = s deep a sage z ,em]son4 ,b ?+s _c /& /ill1 & ,bo/on1 z is well kn[n1 is n an ord9>y place4 ,:5 ! impulse to dome/ic lit]>y expression seem$ to be exhau/$1 intellectual ambition took o!r =ms4 ,x 0 an age ( sci5ce1 ( philology1 ( hi/orical le>n+1 & ! laurels ( ,g]many w\ld n let ,bo/on sleep4 ,z x _h a great public libr>y1 & hop$ to h a great art museum1 might x n h a great univ]sity8 ,h>v>d 9 "o s5se 0 a univ]sity already1 9 t ! college 7al?\gh !re 0 only "o7 0 surr\nd$ by a gr\p ( pr(essional s*ools1 notably ^? ( law & m$ic9e1 9 :i* /udies requisite = ! s]vice ( ! community1 & lead+ pot5tially to brilliant c>e]s1 7 c>ri$ on ) conspicu\s success4 ,! numb] ( ^! pr(essional s*ools might h be5 enl>g$1 z has be5 actually done lat]1 until tra9+ 9 all ! pr(essions _h be5 provid$4 ,b x happ5s t ! descriptive sci5ces1 languages1 ma!matics1 & philosophy are n /udies useful = any pr(ession1 except t ( tea*+ ^! v subjects ov] aga92 & !re 0 no practical way ( introduc+ !m into ! ,h>v>d sy/em except to graft !m ^u ! curriculum ( ! college2 o!rwise nei!r money nor /ud5ts c\ld h be5 f\nd = s mu* ornam5tal le>n+4 ,?is circum/ance1 ext]nal & irrelevant z x may seem1 ,i ?9k _h a great influ5ce ov] ! temp] & quality ( ! ,h>v>d philosoph]s2 = x m+l$ responsibility = ! education ( y\?1 & mu* lab\r 9 x1 ) _! pure speculation4 ,tea*+ is a delightful pat]nal art1 & especially tea*+ intellig5t & w>mhe>t$ y\ng/]s1 z mo/ ,am]ican collegians are2 b x is an art l act+1 :]e ! p]=mance1 (t5 rehe>s$1 mu/ be adapt$ to an audi5ce he>+ x only once4 ,! speak] mu/ make concessions to _! impati5ce1 _! ta/e1 _! capacity1 _! prejudices1 _! ultimate good2 he mu/ nei!r bore nor p]plex nor demoralise !m4 ,8 ?\ghts mu/ be su* z c fl[ daily1 & be set d[n 9 notes2 !y mu/ come :5 ! bell r+s & /op appropriately :5 ! bell r+s a second "t4 ,! be/ t is 9 him1 z ,mephi/opheles says 9 ,fau/1 he d>e n tell !m2 & z ! sub/ance ( ?is possession is spiritual1 to )hold is (t5 to lose x4 ,= x is n m]ely a matt] ( fe>+ n to be und]/ood1 or giv+ (f5ce2 9 ! pres5ce ( a hundr$ y\?ful upturn$ faces a man _c1 )\t diffid5ce1 speak 9 8 own p]son1 ( 8 own ?\ghts2 he ne$s support1 9 ord] to ex]t influ5ce ) a good consci5ce2 unless he feels t he is ! vehicle ( a massive tradition1 he w become bitt]1 or flippant1 or aggressive2 if he is to tea* ) good grace & mode/y & au?ority1 x mu/ n be he t speaks1 b sci5ce or humanity t is speak+ 9 him4 ,n[ ! /ate ( ,h>v>d ,college1 & ( ,am]ican education g5]ally1 at ! "t to :i* ,i ref]1 _h ?is rem>kable effect on ! philosoph]s !re3 x made _! s5se ( social responsibility acute1 because !y 7 consci\sly tea*+ & guid+ ! community1 z if !y _h be5 cl]gym52 & x made no less acute _! moral lonel9ess1 isolation1 & =c$ selfreliance1 because !y 7 l cl]gym5 )\t a *ur*1 & n only _h no common philosophic doctr9e to transmit1 b 7 expect$ n to h "o4 ,!y 7 invit$ to be at once g5u9e philosoph]s & popul> pr(essors2 & ! degree to :i* "s ( !m manag$ to unite ^! contr>ies is rem>kable1 especially if we consid] ! "* ( ! academic public !y _h to s]ve & to please4 ,:ile ! s5tim5ts ( mo/ ,am]icans 9 politics & morals1 if a little vague1 are v cons]vative1 _! democratic in/9cts1 & ! =ce ( circum/ances1 h produc$ a sy/em ( education :i* anticipates all t ! mo/ extreme revolution c\ld br+ ab\t2 & :ile no "o dreams ( =cibly suppress+ private prop]ty1 religion1 or ! family1 ,am]ican education ignores ^! ?+s1 & proce$s z mu* z possible z if !y did n exi/4 ,! *ild passes v "y into a free s*ool1 e/abli%$ & manag$ by ! municipal au?orities2 ! tea*]s1 ev5 = ! old] boys1 are *iefly unm>ri$ wom51 s5sitive1 fai?ful1 & feeble2 _! influ5ce helps to e/abli% t sep>ation :i* is s *>act]i/ic ( ,am]ica betwe5 ?+s intellectual1 :i* rema9 wrapp$ 9 a fem99e veil &1 z x 71 "u glass1 & ! r\gh bus9ess & passions ( life4 ,! lessons are ambiti\s 9 range1 b are made z easy1 z int]e/+1 & z optional z possible2 ! /ress is divid$ betwe5 :at ! *ild likes n[ & :at he is go+ to ne$ 9 8 trade or pr(ession4 ,! "y p are sympa!tically enc\rag$ to in/ruct !mselves & to educate "o ano!r4 ,!y romp & make fun l "y monkeys1 !y flirt & h _! private 8bra9/orms0 l little sup]m5 & sup]wom54 ,!y are trem5d\sly 9 e>ne/ ab\t _! college intrigues & int]collegiate a?letic w>s4 ,!y are fond1 (t5 compassionately fond1 ( _! p>5ts1 & home is all ! m sacr$ to !m 9 t !y are seldom !re4 ,!y enjoy a surpris+ indep5d5ce 9 habits1 fri5d%ips1 & op9ions4 ,bro!rs & si/]s (t5 *oose diff]5t religions4 ,! /reet1 ! s*ool1 ! "y p's club1 ! magaz9e1 ! popul> novel1 furni% _! m5tal pabulum4 ,! =ce ( example & ( pass+ cu/om is all ! m irresi/ible 9 ?is abs5ce ( au?ority & tradition2 = ?is sort ( indep5d5ce r dim9i%es ! p[] ( be+ orig9al1 by supply+ a sl5d]] basis & a ?9n] soil f :i* orig9ality might spr+4 ,uni=mity is e/abli%$ spontane\sly )\t discipl9e1 z 9 ! popul> spee* & e?ics ( e nation4 ,aga9/ ?is t5d5cy to uni=mity ! ef=ts ( a cultivat$ m9ority to ma9ta9 a c]ta9 di/9ction & infuse x into _! lives & m9ds are n v successful4 ,!y h second>y s*ools = _! boys 9 :i* ! tea*]s are m51 & ev5 bo>d+s*ools 9 ! c\ntry1 m or less ,go?ic 9 aspect & ,engli% 9 regim52 !re are o!r semi=eign in/itutions & circles1 ,ca?olic or ,jewi%1 9 :i* religion is ! dom9ant consid]ation4 ,!re is also ! society ( ! v ri*1 ) cosmopolitan lean+s & a vivaci\s int]e/ 9 arti/ic und]tak+s & p]sonalities4 ,b all ^! di/9ctions1 important z !y may seem to ^? :o cultivate !m1 are a m]e %imm] & ripple on ! surface ( ,am]ican life2 & = an obs]v] :o sees ?+s 9 p]spective !y almo/ disappe>4 ,by a m]ciful disp5sation ( nature1 ! pupils ( ^! *oice e/abli%m5ts1 ! mom5t !y plunge into bus9ess or politics1 acquire ! protective col\r+ ( _! environm5t & become indi/+ui%able f ! g5]ic ,am]ican4 ,_! native disposition 0 aft] all ! national "o1 _! attempt$ special education 0 p]functory1 & ! influ5ce ( _! public activities & surr\nd+s is ov]:elm+4 ,am]ican life is a p[]ful solv5t4 ,z x /amps ! immigrant1 almo/ be=e he c speak ,engli%1 ) an unmi/akable muscul> t5sion1 *e]y selfconfid5ce & habitual *all5ge 9 ! voice & eyes1 s x seems to neutralise e intellectual elem5t1 h[ev] t\gh & ali5 x may be1 & to fuse x 9 ! native goodw1 complac5cy1 ?\ghtlessness1 & optimism4 ,consid]1 = in/ance1 ! ,am]ican ,ca?olics1 ( :om !re are nom9ally _m millions1 & :o (t5 seem to reta9 _! ance/ral fai? s9c]ely & affectionately4 ,?is fai? took %ape dur+ ! decl9e ( ! ,roman empire2 x is full ( l>ge disillusions ab\t ?is _w & m9ute illusions ab\t ! o!r4 ,x is anci5t1 metaphysical1 poetic1 elaborate1 ascetic1 autocratic1 & intol]ant4 ,x confronts ! boa/ful natural man1 su* z ! ,am]ican is1 ) a ?\s& d5ials & m5aces4 ,ev]y?+ 9 ,am]ican life is at ! antipodes to su* a sy/em4 ,yet ! ,am]ican ,ca?olic is entirely at peace4 ,8 tone 9 ev]y?+1 ev5 9 religion1 is *e]fully ,am]ican4 ,x is wond]ful h[ sil5tly1 amicably1 & happily he lives 9 a community ^: _s is pr(\ndly ho/ile to t ( 8 religion4 ,he seems to take /ock 9 8 *ur* z he might 9 a gold m9e--sure x is a gr&1 dazzl+1 unique ?+2 & p]haps he masks1 ev5 to himself1 8 purely imag9ative ard\r ab\t x1 ) ! pretext t x is sure to make 8 =tune bo? 9 ?is life & 9 ! next4 ,8 *ur*1 he w tell y1 is a fir/rate *ur* to belong to2 ! prie/s are f9e fell[s1 l ! policem52 ! ,si/]s are de> noble wom51 l 8 own si/]s2 8 p>i% is fl\ri%+1 & always rebuild+ its *ur* & f\nd+ new s*ools1 orphan asylums1 sodalities1 confrat]nities1 p]petual adoration societies4 ,no p>i% c raise s mu* money = any object1 or if !re are tempor>y tr\bles1 ! fact /ill rema9s t ,am]ica has ?ree ,c>d9als & t ! ,ca?olic religion is ! bigge/ religion on e>?4 ,atta*m5t to 8 *ur* 9 su* a temp] br+s him into no s]i\s conflict ) 8 ,prote/ant neighb\rs4 ,!y live & meet on common gr\nd4 ,_! respective religions pass among !m = family matt]s1 private & sacr$1 ) no political implications4 ,su* 0 ! education & su* ! atmosph]e ( intellectual innoc5ce :i* prevail$ 9 ! public--mo/ly und]graduates--to :i* ! ,h>v>d philosoph]s adapt$ _! tea*+ & to "s ext5t _! philosophy4 ,! /ud5ts 7 intellig5t1 ambiti\s1 rem>kably able to 8d ?+s02 !y 7 ke5 ab\t ! matt]s t _h already ent]$ into _! lives1 & inv9cibly happy 9 _! ignorance ( ev]y?+ else4 ,a g5tle contempt = ! pa/ p]meat$ _! judgem5ts4 ,!y 7 n accu/om$ to ! notion ( au?ority1 nor aw>e t x might h legitimate gr\nds2 !y in/9ctively disbeliev$ 9 ! sup]iority ( :at 0 out ( rea*4 ,ab\t high que/ions ( politics & religion _! m9ds 7 op5 b vague2 !y seem$ n to ?9k !m ( practical importance2 !y acquiesc$ 9 p hav+ any views !y lik$ on su* subjects2 ! flu5t & f]vid en?usiasms s common among ,european /ud5ts1 prophesy+ ab\t politics1 philosophy1 & art1 7 entirely unkn[n among !m4 ,in/ead !y _h absorb+ local traditions ( _! own1 a?letic & social1 & _! college life 0 _! true education1 an education 9 fri5d%ip1 coop]ation1 & fre$om4 ,9 ! eighte5eighties a good deal ( oldfa%ion$ %abb9ess & jollity l+]$ ab\t ,h>v>d4 ,bo/on & ,cambridge 9 ^? days resembl$ 9 "s ways ! ,london ( ,dick5s3 ! same dismal weal?1 ! same spee*ify+1 ! same anxi\s respectability1 ! same sordid back /reets1 ) _! air ( %iftlessness & decay1 ! same odd figures & l\d hum\r1 &1 to add a t\* ( horror1 ! mon/r\s suspicion t "s ( ! inhabitants might be secretly wick$4 ,life1 = ! und]graduates1 0 full ( droll incid5ts & broad f>ce2 x drift$ goodnatur$ly f "o commonplace ?+ to ano!r4 ,/&+ pack$ 9 ! t9kl+ horsec>1 _! coatcoll>s above _! e>s & _! feet deep 9 ! w9t] /raw1 !y jogg$ 9 a long halfh\r to ,bo/on1 !re to enjoy ! delights ( female society1 ! !atre1 or a good d9n]4 ,& 9 ! summ] days1 = ,class ,day & ,comm5cem5t1 fem99e & eld]ly ,bo/on w\ld return ! visit1 l$ by ! gov]nor ( ,massa*usetts 9 8 hir$ c>riage&f\r1 & by ! local orators & poets1 brimm+ ) jokes & conv5tional s5tim5ts1 & eag] n s mu* to spe$ ! y\ng/]s on _! c>e]1 z to air _! own wit1 & w>m _! he>ts ) pun* & ) collective memories ( y\?4 ,x 0 an idyllic1 haphaz>d1 humori/ic exi/5ce1 )\t f9e imag9ation1 )\t any famili> infusion ( s*ol>%ip1 )\t articulate religion3 a flutt] ( intellig5ce 9 a void1 fly+ into trivial play1 9 ord] to drop back1 z soon z college days 7 ov]1 into ! drudg]y ( affairs4 ,!re 0 ! love ( beauty1 b )\t ! sight ( x2 = ! bits ( pleasant l&scape or ! works ( art :i* might break ! ugl9ess ( ! =egr\nd 7 a sort ( /hetic miscellany1 enjoy$ z "o enjoys a museum2 !re 0 no?+ 9 :i* ! _s ( beauty 0 deeply int]fus$1 *>g$ ) passion & discipl9e & intricate famili> associations ) delicate & noble ?+s4 ,( c\rse1 ! sky is above e c\ntry1 & ,new ,engl& _h brilliant sunsets & deep sn[s1 & sea & woods 7 at h& = ! holidays2 & x 0 notable h[ mu* ev5 :at a homely art or accid5t might h done = ! t[ns 0 /udi$ & admir$4 ,old corn]s 7 po9t$ out :]e ! d+y r$ brick _h lo/ its rigidity & tak5 on a mossy t+e1 & :]e "h & !re a pane ( glass1 surviv+ all t5ants & h\semaids1 _h turn$ violet 9 ! sunlight ( a hundr$ ye>s2 & mo/ preci\s ( all 7 ! high ?9 elms1 spread+ al(t1 loop$ & droop+ ov] old /reets & commons4 ,& yet x seem$ someh[ z if ! s5tim5t lavi%$ on ^! ?+s _h be5 int5d$ by nature = some?+ else1 = some?+ m important4 ,n only _h ! m9d ( ! nation be5 orig9ally some:at *ill$ & impov]i%$ by ,prote/antism1 by migration to a new _w1 by absorption 9 mat]ial tasks1 b :at f9e s5sibility l+]$ 9 an old] g5]ation 0 n easily transmitt$ to ! "y4 ,! "y _h _! own ways1 :i* on pr9ciple 7 to be fo/]$ & respect$2 & "o ( _! in/9cts 0 to associate only ) ^? ( _! own age & calibre4 ,! "y 7 simply "y1 & ! old simply old1 z among peasants4 ,tea*]s & pupils seem$ animals ( diff]5t species1 useful & welldispos$ t[>ds ea* o!r1 l a c[ & a milkmaid2 p]iodic contributions c\ld pass betwe5 !m1 b n conv]sation4 ,?is circum/ance %[s h[ mu* ,am]ican intellig5ce is absorb$ 9 :at is n intellectual4 ,_! tasks & _! pleasures divide p ( diff]5t ages2 :at c unite !m is ideas1 imp]sonal int]e/s1 lib]al arts4 ,)\t ^! !y _c =get _! mutual inf]iority4 ,c]ta9ly ^? f\r college ye>s1 judg$ by any ext]nal /&>d1 7 trivial & wa/$2 b ,am]icans1 al?\gh s practical 9 _! adult mascul9e und]tak+s1 are sl[ to take umbrage at ! elaborate playfulness ( _! wives & *ildr54 ,) ! t\*+ humility ( /r5g?1 !y seem to say to !mselves1 8,let ! de> creatures h _! fl+1 & be happy3 :at else are we old fell[s slav+ =80 ,& c]ta9ly ! joy ( life is ! cr[n ( x2 b h ,am]ican ladies & collegians a*iev$ ! joy ( life8 ,is t ! summit8 ,william ,james _h a !ory t if "s sci5tific wid[]1 ) a *ild ab\t to le>n to walk1 c\ld be p]suad$ to all[ ! *ild's feet to be bli/]$1 x w\ld turn out1 :5 ! bli/]s 7 heal$1 t ! *ild w\ld walk z well z if he _h practis$ & _h _m a fall2 because ! ma*9]y necess>y = walk+ w\ld h matur$ 9 him automatically1 j z ! ma*9]y = brea?+ does 9 ! womb4 ,! case ( ! oldfa%ion$ ,am]ican college may s]ve to support ?is !ory4 ,x bli/]$ "y m5's heads = f\r ye>s & prev5t$ !m f practis+ any?+ useful2 yet at ! end !y 7 f\nd able to d mo/ ?+s z well1 or twice z well1 z _! contempor>ies :o _h be5 all t "t appr5tic$ & *a9$ to a desk4 ,manhood & sagacity rip5 ( !mselves2 x suffices n to repress or di/ort !m4 ,! college lib]at$ ! "y man f ! pursuit ( money1 f hypocrisy1 f ! control ( wom54 ,he c\ld gr[ = a "t accord+ to 8 nature1 & if ?is gr[? 0 n guid$ by mu* sup]ior wisdom or deep /udy1 x 0 n w>p$ by any s]i\s p]v]sion2 & if ! intellectual _w did n p]man5tly entice him1 are we s sure t 9 philosophy1 = in/ance1 x _h any?+ to (f] t 0 v solid 9 itself1 or humanly v important8 ,at lea/ he le>n$ t su* ?+s exi/$1 & ga!r$ a %rewd notion ( :at !y c\ld d = a man1 & :at !y might make ( him4 ,:5 ,h>v>d 0 re=m$--& ,i believe all ! colleges are re=m$ n[--! imm$iate object 0 n to ref9e college life or r5d] x m s*ol>ly1 ?\gh = c]ta9 circles ?is 0 accompli%$ incid5tally2 ! object 0 r to ext5d ! scope ( in/ruction1 & make x m advanc$4 ,x is natural t e great city1 ! capital ( any nation or region1 %\ld wi% to possess a univ]sity 9 ! lit]al s5se ( ! ^w--an encyclopdic in/itute1 or gr\p ( in/itutes1 to tea* & fo/] all ! pr(essions1 all ! arts1 & all ! sci5ces4 ,su* a univ]sity ne$ h no?+ to d ) education1 ) ! transmission ( a p>ticul> moral & intellectual tradition4 ,education might be c\rte\sly presuppos$4 ,! tea*] w\ld n be a man ) 8 h& on a lad's %\ld]1 8 son or "y bro!r2 he w\ld be an exp]t 9 "s sci5ce1 deliv]+ lectures = public in/ruction1 :ile p]haps privately c>ry+ on inve/igations ) ! aid ( a few disciples :om he w\ld be tra9+ 9 8 specialty4 ,!re w\ld be no reason :y ei!r ! pr(essors or ! auditors 9 su* an in/itution %\ld live toge!r or %\ld h mu* 9 common 9 religion1 morals1 or bre$+1 or %\ld ev5 speak ! same language4 ,on ! contr>y1 if only ea* 0 compet5t 9 8 way1 ! m miscellane\s _! types ! m p]fect w\ld ^! r5d] _! univ]sitas4 ,! public address$1 also1 ne$ n be re/rict$1 any m ?an ! public at a *ur* or a !atre or a t[n libr>y1 by any requirem5ts z to age1 sex1 race1 or atta9m5ts4 ,!y w\ld come on _! own responsibility1 to pursue :at /udies !y *ose1 & s long z !y f\nd !m pr(itable4 ,nor ne$ !re be any limit z to ! subjects broa*$1 or any division ( !m into faculties or dep>tm5ts1 except p]haps = conv5i5ce 9 adm9i/ration4 ,"o ( ! functions ( pr(essors w\ld be to inv5t new subjects1 because ?is _w is s complex1 & ! play ( ! human m9d ^u x is s ext]nal & iridesc5t1 t1 z m5's int]e/s & attitude v>y1 fre% unities & fre% aspects are always disc]nible 9 ev]y?+4 ,z ,h>v>d ,univ]sity develop$1 all ^! *>act]i/ics appe>$ 9 x 9 a m or less m>k$ degree2 b ! trans=mation 0 nev] complete4 ,! c5tre ( x rema9$ a college1 ) its local con/itu5cy & root$ traditions1 & its ?\s& or two ?\s& und]graduates ne$+ to be educat$4 ,exp]ts 9 e sci5ce & money to pay !m 7 n at h&1 & ! =eign tal5t t c\ld be attract$ did n always prove morally or socially dige/ible4 ,! br[s+ und]graduate c\ld simply range ) a loos] te!r1 & he 0 re9=c$ by a fr+e ( graduates :o _h n yet _h en\gh1 or :o 7 attract$ f o!r colleges4 ,^! graduates came to =m a sort ( normal s*ool = future pr(essors1 /amp$ z 9 ,g]many ) a ,ph4,d42 & ! tea*]s 9 ea* subject became a committee *>g$ ) some?+ ( ! functions ( a regi/ry (fice1 to f9d places = _! nursl+s4 ,! univ]sity c\ld ?us acquire a national & ev5 an int]national function1 draw+ 9 di/+ui%$ tal5t & y\?ful ambition f ev]y:]e1 & s5d+ =? 9 v>i\s directions its apo/les ( light & le>n+4 ,i ?9k x is intelligible t 9 su* a place & at su* a crisis philosophy %\ld h play$ a conspicu\s "p1 & also t x %\ld h _h an ambigu\s "*4 ,!re _h to be1 explicit or implicit1 a philosophy = ! college4 ,a place :]e all polite ,bo/on has be5 educat$ = c5turies _c bely its moral pr9ciples & religi\s que/ion+s2 x mu/ transmit its au/]e1 fai?ful1 re=m+ _s4 ,b at ! same "t !re _h n[ to be a philosophy = ! univ]sity4 ,a *ief "p ( t traditional fai? 0 ! fai? 9 fre$om1 9 inquiry2 & x 0 necess>y1 9 ! v int]e/s ( ! traditional philosophy1 to take acc\nt ( all t 0 be+ said 9 ! _w1 & to incorporate ! _s ( ! times 9 ! _s ( ! fa!rs4 ,accord+ly1 no s+le ab/ract op9ion 0 p>ticul>ly taboo$ at ,h>v>d2 grant$ indu/ry1 sobriety1 & "s semblance ( !ism1 no pr(essor 0 expect$ to agree ) any o!r4 ,i believe ! au?orities w\ld h be5 well pleas$1 = ! sake ( complet5ess1 to h add$ a ,buddhi/1 a ,moslem1 & a ,ca?olic s*ola/ic to ! philosophical faculty1 if only suitable sages c\ld h be5 f\nd1 h\setra9$1 z x 71 & able to keep pace ) ! academic ma*9e & to attract a suffici5t numb] ( pupils4 ,b ?is (ficial fre$om 0 n true fre$om1 !re 0 no happ9ess 9 x4 ,a slight smell ( brim/one l+]$ 9 ! air4 ,y might ?9k :at y lik$1 b y mu/ consecrate y\r belief or y\r unbelief to ! common task ( enc\rag+ ev]ybody & help+ ev]y?+ on4 ,y might almo/ be an a!i/1 if y 7 tr\bl$ en\gh ab\t x4 ,! atmosph]e 0 n t ( intellig5ce nor ( sci5ce1 x 0 t ( duty4 ,9 ! academic life & me?ods ( ! univ]sity !re 0 ! same incomplete trans=mation4 ,! tea*+ requir$ 0 = ! mo/ "p college tea*+1 9 college subjects1 su* z might well h be5 entru/$ to tutors2 b x 0 giv5 by pr(essors 9 ! =m ( lectures1 excessive 9 numb] & too (t5 repeat$2 & !y 7 li/5$ to by abs5tm9d$ y\?s1 illgr\nd$ 9 ! humanities1 & n ke5ly alive to intellectual int]e/s4 ,! graduates 7l ! "y ladies7 7 m att5tive & anxi\s n to miss any?+1 b !y 7 no bett] prep>$ & (t5 less intellig5t2 & !re is no dunce l a mature dunce4 ,accord+ly1 ! pr(essor ( philosophy _h to swim aga9/ r a p[]ful curr5t4 ,sometimes he succumb$ to ! reality2 & if1 = in/ance1 he happ5$ to m5tion ,d>w91 & felt a blank be=e him1 he w\ld add 9 a p>5!sis1 8,d>w91 ,*>les1 au?or ( ! ,orig9 ( ,species1 #ahei2 epo*mak+ "w40 ,at o!r times he might lose himself altoge!r 9 ! ideal & imag9e t he 0 publi%+ immortal ?\ghts to ! true univ]sity1 to ! _w at l>ge1 & 0 feel+ an exhil>at+ contact ) masses ( mank9d1 !mselves quick5$ by 8 message4 ,he might see 9 8 m9d's eye r[s ( le>n$ m5 & wom5 be=e him1 famili> ) e d\bt1 h>d5$ to e conflict ( op9ion1 ready = any revolution1 ^: m9ds no?+ he c\ld say c\ld possibly %ock1 or dis9tegrate any fur!r2 on ! contr>y1 ! nak$ tru?1 :i* is g5tle 9 its au/]ity1 might come to !m z a bless$ deliv]ance1 & he might fancy himself = a mom5t a sort ( h]o f ! realms ( light desc5d+ into ! ne!r regions & ?r[+ a sop ( reason into ! jaws ( sn>l+ prejudice & frantic error4 ,or if ! class 0 small1 & only two or ?ree 7 ga!r$ toge!r1 he might imag9e in/ead t he 0 s[+ se$s ( wisdom1 w>m$ by affection1 9 ! m9ds ( g5u9e disciples1 future tab]nacles ( ! tru?4 ,x is possible t if ! reality _h correspond$ m ne>ly ) ^! dreams1 & ,h>v>d _h actually be5 an adult univ]sity1 philosoph]s !re might h di/ill$ _! doctr9es into a great] purity4 ,z x 01 ,h>v>d philosophy _h an opposite m]it3 x repres5t$ fai?fully ! complex inspiration ( ! place & h\r4 ,z ! univ]sity 0 a local puritan college op5+ its w9d[s to ! sci5tific _w1 s at lea/ ! two mo/ gift$ ( its philosoph]s 7 m5 ( int5se feel+1 religi\s & romantic1 b att5tive to ! facts ( nature & ! curr5ts ( worldly op9ion2 & ea* ( !m felt himself b\nd by two diff]5t responsibilities1 t ( describ+ ?+s z !y are1 & t ( f9d+ !m propiti\s to c]ta9 preconceiv$ human desires4 ,& :ile !y %>$ ?is d\ble allegiance1 !y diff]$ v mu* 9 temp]1 education1 & ta/e4 ,william ,james 0 :at is call$ an empirici/1 ,josiah ,royce an ideali/2 !y 7 excell5t fri5ds & greatly influ5c$ ea* o!r1 & ! v div]sity betwe5 !m r5d]$ _! conjunction typical ( ! /ate ( philosophy 9 ,engl& & ,am]ica1 divid$ betwe5 ! old ,briti% & ! ,g]man s*ools4 ,z if all ?is intellectual complication _h n be5 en\gh1 !y 7 oblig$ to divide _! en]gies ext]nally1 giv+ to _! daily tasks z pr(essors & p$agogues :at duty dem&$1 & only ! rema9d] to s*ol>%ip1 reflection1 & lit]>y "w4 ,ev5 ?is di/ract+ circum/ance1 h[ev]1 _h its comp5sations4 ,college "w 0 a human bond1 a common practical int]e/2 x help$ to keep up t circulation ( ! blood :i* made ! :ole ,h>v>d s*ool ( philosophy a vital unit1 & coop]ative 9 its fre$om4 ,!re 0 a g5]al mom5tum 9 x1 half in/itutional1 half moral1 a s+le tr\bl$1 noble1 excit+ life4 ,e "o 0 lab\r+ ) ! contradiction he felt 9 ?+s1 & p]haps 9 himself2 all 7 det]m9$ to f9d "s hone/ way out ( x1 or at lea/ to be> x bravely4 ,x 0 a fre% morn+ 9 ! life ( reason1 cl\dy b bright5+4 ,,*apt] ,,iii--,,william ,,james ,william ,james enjoy$ 9 8 y\? :at are call$ advantages3 he liv$ among cultivat$ p1 travell$1 _h tea*]s ( v>i\s nationalities4 ,8 fa!r 0 "o ( ^? some:at obscure sages :om e>ly ,am]ica produc$3 my/ics ( indep5d5t m9d1 h]mits 9 ! des]t ( bus9ess1 & h]etics 9 ! *ur*es4 ,!y 7 int5se individuali/s1 full ( v5]ation = ! free s\ls ( _! *ildr51 & conv9c$ t e "o %\ld paddle 8 own canoe1 especially on ! high seas4 ,william ,james accord+ly enjoy$ a /imulat+ if slightly irregul> education3 he nev] acquir$ t reposeful ma/]y ( p>ticul> au?ors & ^? safe ways ( feel+ & judg+ :i* are fo/]$ 9 great s*ools & univ]sities4 ,9 consequ5ce he %[$ an almo/ physical horror ( club s5tim5t & ( ! /ifl+ atmosph]e ( all (ficialdom4 ,he _h a knack = draw+1 & r ! temp]am5t ( ! arti/2 b ! unlovely secrets ( nature & ! tr\bles ( man preoccupi$ him1 & he *ose m$ic9e = 8 pr(ession4 ,in/ead ( practis+1 h[ev]1 he turn$ to tea*+ physiology1 & f t pass$ gradually to psy*ology & philosophy4 ,9 8 e>li] ye>s he reta9$ "s traces ( polyglot /ud5t days at ,p>is1 ,bonn1 ,vi5na1 or ,g5eva2 he slipp$ sometimes into =eign phrases1 utt]$ 9 _! full v]nacul>2 & !re 0 an occasional aft]gl[ ( ,bohemia ab\t him1 9 ! bright /ripe ( a %irt or ! exub]ance ( a tie4 ,on po9ts ( art or m$ic9e he reta9$ a pr(essional t\* & an unconsci\s ease :i* he h>dly acquir$ 9 metaphysics4 ,i suspect he _h he>tily admir$ "s ( 8 ma/]s 9 ^? o!r subjects1 b _h nev] se5 a philosoph] :om he w\ld h c>$ to resemble4 ,( c\rse !re 0 no?+ ( ! arti/ 9 ,william ,james1 z ! arti/ is sometimes conceiv$ 9 ,engl&1 no?+ ( ! /hete1 no?+ affect$ or limp4 ,9 p]son he 0 %ort r ?an tall1 erect1 brisk1 be>d$1 int5sely mascul9e4 ,:ile he %one 9 expression & w\ld h wi%$ 8 /yle to be noble if x c\ld also be /rong1 he pref]r$ 9 ! end to be spontane\s1 & to leave x at t2 he tol]at$ slang 9 himself r ?an primness4 ,! r\gh1 homely1 picturesque phrase1 :atev] 0 graphic & racy1 recomm5d$ itself to him2 & 8 conv]sation outdid 8 writ+ 9 ?is respect4 ,he believ$ 9 improvisation1 ev5 9 ?\ght2 8 lectures 7 n m9utely prep>$4 ,"k y\r subject ?or\ghly1 he us$ to say1 & tru/ to luck = ! re/4 ,!re 0 a deep s5se ( insecurity 9 him1 a mixture ( humility ) romanticism3 we 7 likely to be m or less wrong anyh[1 b we might be :olly s9c]e4 ,"o mom5t %\ld respect ! insight ( ano!r1 )\t try+ to e/abli% too regim5tal a uni=mity4 ,if y correct$ y\rself t>tly1 h[ c\ld y "k t ! correction 0 n ! worse mi/ake8 ,all our op9ions 7 born free & equal1 all *ildr5 ( ! ,"l1 & if !y 7 n consi/5t t 0 ! ,"l's bus9ess1 n !irs4 ,9 reality1 ,james 0 consi/5t en\gh1 z ev5 ,em]son 7m extreme 9 ?is sort ( irresponsibility7 0 too4 ,inspiration has its limits1 sometimes v n>r[ ones4 ,b ,james 0 n consecutive1 n insi/5t2 he turn$ to a subject afre%1 )\t egotism or p$antry2 he dropp$ 8 old po9ts1 sometimes v good ones2 & he mode/ly look$ = light f o!rs1 :o _h less light ?an himself4 ,8 excursions into philosophy 7 accord+ly 9 ! nature ( raids1 & x is easy = ^? :o are attract$ by "o "p ( 8 "w to ignore o!r p>ts1 9 !mselves p]haps m valuable4 ,i ?9k t 9 fact 8 popul>ity does n re/ on 8 be/ a*ievem5ts4 ,8 popul>ity re/s on ?ree some:at incid5tal books1 ,! ,w to ,believe1 ,pragmatism1 & ,! ,v>ieties ( ,religi\s ,exp]i5ce1 :]eas1 z x seems to me1 8 be/ a*ievem5t is 8 ,pr9ciples ( ,psy*ology4 ,9 ?is book he surveys1 9 a way :i* = him is v sy/ematic1 a subject made to 8 h&4 ,9 its o/5sible outlook x is a treatise l any o!r1 b :at di/+ui%es x is ! au?or's gift = evok+ vividly ! v life ( ! m9d4 ,?is is a "w ( imag9ation2 & ! subject z he conceiv$ x1 :i* is ! flux ( imm$iate exp]i5ce 9 m5 9 g5]al1 requires imag9ation to read x at all4 ,x is a lit]>y subject1 l autobiography or psy*ological fiction1 & c be treat$ only poetically2 & 9 ?is s5se ,%akespe>e is a bett] psy*ologi/ ?an ,locke or ,kant4 ,yet ?is gift ( imag9ation is n m]ely lit]>y2 x is n useless 9 div9+ ! tru?s ( sci5ce1 & x is invaluable 9 ?r[+ (f prejudice & sci5tific %ams4 ,! fre% imag9ation & vitality ( ,william ,james l$ him to break ?r\gh _m a false conv5tion4 ,he saw t exp]i5ce1 z we endure x1 is n a mosaic ( di/9ct s5sations1 nor ! expression ( sep>ate ho/ile faculties1 su* z reason & ! passions1 or s5se & ! categories2 x is r a fl[ ( m5tal disc\rse1 l a dream1 9 :i* all divisions & units are vague & %ift+1 & ! :ole is cont9ually m]g+ toge!r & drift+ ap>t4 ,x fades gradually 9 ! re>1 l ! wake ( a %ip1 & bites into ! future1 l ! b[ cutt+ ! wat]4 ,= ! c&id psy*ologi/1 c>ri$ bodily on ?is voyage ( discov]y1 ! pa/ is b a que/ionable report1 & ! future :olly indet]m9ate2 ev]y?+ is simply :at x is exp]i5c$ z be+4 ,at ! same "t1 psy*ology is suppos$ to be a sci5ce1 a claim :i* w\ld t5d to conf9e x to ! natural hi/ory ( man1 or ! /udy ( behavi\r1 z is actually propos$ by ,augu/e ,comte & by "s ( ,james's own disciples1 m jejune if m cle>head$ ?an he4 ,z matt]s n[ /&1 h[ev]1 psy*ology z a :ole is n a sci5ce1 b a bran* ( philosophy2 x br+s toge!r ! lit]>y description ( m5tal disc\rse & ! sci5tific description ( mat]ial life1 9 ord] to consid] ! relation betwe5 !m1 :i* is ! nexus ( human nature4 ,:at 0 ,james's position on ?is crucial "q8 ,x is impossible to reply unequivocally4 ,he approa*$ philosophy z mank9d orig9ally approa*$ x1 )\t hav+ a philosophy1 & he l5t himself to v>i\s hypo!ses 9 v>i\s directions4 ,he pr(ess$ to beg9 8 /udy on ! assumptions ( common s5se1 t !re is a mat]ial _w :i* ! animals t live 9 x are able to p]ceive & to ?9k ab\t4 ,he gave a congru\s ext5sion to ?is view 9 8 !ory t emotion is purely bodily s5sation1 & also 9 8 habit ( conceiv+ ! m9d z a total %ift+ s5sibility4 ,to pursue ?is pa?1 h[ev]1 w\ld h l$ him to admit t nature 0 automatic & m9d simply cognitive1 conclusions f :i* e in/9ct 9 him recoil$4 ,he pref]r$ to believe t m9d & matt] _h indep5d5t en]gies & c\ld l5d "o ano!r a h&1 matt] op]at+ by motion & m9d by int5tion4 ,?is dramatic1 amphibi\s way ( pictur+ causation is natural to common s5se1 & might be def5d$ if x 7 cle>ly def9$2 b ,james 0 ins5sibly c>ri$ away f x by a subtle implication ( 8 me?od4 ,?is implication 0 t exp]i5ce or m5tal disc\rse n only con/itut$ a set ( sub/antive facts1 b ! only sub/antive facts2 all else1 ev5 t mat]ial _w :i* 8 psy*ology _h po/ulat$1 c\ld be no?+ b a v]bal or fanta/ic symbol = s5sations 9 _! exp]i5c$ ord]4 ,s t :ile nom9ally ! door 0 kept op5 to any hypo!sis reg>d+ ! conditions ( ! psy*ological flux1 9 tru? ! "q 0 prejudg$4 ,! hypo!ses1 :i* 7 p>ts ( ?is psy*ological flux1 c\ld h no object save o!r p>ts ( x4 ,t flux itself1 !re=e1 :i* he c\ld picture s vividly1 0 ! fundam5tal exi/5ce4 ,! s5se ( b\nd+ ov] ! waves1 ! s5se ( be+ on an adv5tur\s voyage1 0 ! liv+ fact2 ! re/ 0 dead reckon+4 ,:]e "o's gift is1 !re w "o's fai? be also2 & to ?is poet appe>ance 0 ! only reality4 ,?is s5tim5t1 :i* always lay at ! back ( 8 m9d1 rea*$ some?+ l =mal expression 9 8 late/ writ+s1 :]e he sket*$ :at he call$ radical empiricism4 ,! ^w exp]i5ce is l a %rapnel %ell1 & bur/s into a ?\s& mean+s4 ,"h we mu/ no long] ?9k ( its sett+1 its discov]ies1 or its m>*2 to treat x radically we mu/ ab/ract its imm$iate objects & r$uce x to pure data4 ,x is obvi\s 7& ! sequel has already prov$7 t exp]i5ce s und]/ood w\ld lose its romantic signification1 z a p]sonal adv5ture or a response to ! %ocks ( =tune4 8,exp]i5ce0 w\ld turn into a cosmic dance ( absolute entities creat$ & de/roy$ 9 vacuo accord+ to univ]sal laws1 or p]haps by *ance4 ,no m9ds w\ld ga!r ?is exp]i5ce1 & no mat]ial ag5cies w\ld impose x2 b ! imm$iate objects pres5t to any "o w\ld simply be p>ts ( ! univ]sal fireworks1 cont9u\s ) ! re/1 & all ! p>ts1 ev5 if n pres5t to anybody1 w\ld h ! same /atus4 ,exp]i5ce w\ld !n n at all resemble :at ,%akespe>e reports or :at ,james himself _h describ$ 9 8 psy*ology4 ,if x c\ld be exp]i5c$ z x fl[s 9 its entirety 7:i* is =tunately impracticable71 x w\ld be a p]petual ma!matical nightm>e4 ,e :irl+ atom1 e *ang+ relation1 & e incid5tal p]spective w\ld be a "p ( x4 ,i am f> f wi%+ to d5y = a mom5t ! sci5tific value ( su* a cosmic sy/em1 if x c be work$ out2 physics & ma!matics seem to me to plunge f> deep] ?an lit]>y psy*ology into ! gr\ndwork ( ?is _w2 b human exp]i5ce is ! /uff ( lit]>y psy*ology2 we _c rea* ! /uff ( physics & ma!matics except by arre/+ or ev5 hypo/atis+ "s elem5ts ( appe>ance1 & exp&+ !m on an ab/ract$ & hypo!tical plane ( _! own4 ,exp]i5ce1 z memory & lit]ature rehe>se x1 rema9s ne>] to u ?an t3 x is some?+ dreamful1 passionate1 dramatic1 & significative4 ,c]ta9ly ?is p]sonal human exp]i5ce1 expressible 9 lit]ature & 9 talk1 & no cosmic sy/em h[ev] pr(\nd1 0 :at ,james knew be/ & tru/$ mo/4 ,_h he se5 ! developm5ts ( 8 radical empiricism1 ,i _c help ?9k+ he w\ld h m>vell$ t su* logical me*anisms %\ld h be5 hat*$ out ( t egg4 ,! pr9cipal problems & aspirations t haunt$ him all 8 life long w\ld lose _! mean+ 9 t cosmic atmosph]e4 ,! pragmatic nature ( tru?1 = in/ance1 w\ld nev] sugge/ itself 9 ! pres5ce ( pure data2 b a romantic m9d soak$ 9 agno/icism1 consci\s ( its own habits & assum+ an environm5t ! exact /ructure ( :i* c nev] be obs]v$1 may well conv9ce itself t1 = exp]i5ce1 tru? is no?+ b a happy use ( signs--:i* is inde$ ! tru? ( lit]ature4 ,b if we once accept any sy/em ( ! univ]se z lit]ally true1 ! value ( conv5i5t signs to prep>e u = su* exp]i5ce z is yet abs5t _c be call$ tru?3 x is pla9ly no?+ b a necess>y inaccuracy4 ,s1 too1 ) ! "q ( ! survival ( ! human individual aft] dea?4 ,= radical empiricism a human individual is simply a c]ta9 cycle or complex ( t]ms1 l any o!r natural fact2 t "s e*oes ( 8 m9d %\ld recur aft] ! regul> *imes h ceas$1 w\ld h no?+ p>adoxical ab\t x4 ,a ma!matical _w is a good deal l music1 ) its repetitions & transpositions1 & a little trill1 :i* y might call a p]son1 might well peep up "h & !re all ov] a va/ composition4 ,some?+ ( t sort may be ! tru? ( spiritualism2 b x is n :at ! spirituali/s imag9e4 ,_! :ole int]e/ lies n 9 ! exp]i5ces !y h1 b 9 ! int]pretation !y give to !m1 assign+ !m to tr\bl$ spirits 9 ano!r _w2 b bo? ano!r _w & a _s are notions repugnant to a radical empiricism4 ,i ?9k x is important to rememb]1 if we are n to misund]/& ,william ,james1 t 8 radical empiricism & pragmatism 7 9 8 own m9d only me?ods2 8 doctr9e1 if he may be said to h _h "o1 0 agno/icism4 ,& j because he 0 an agno/ic 7feel+ in/9ctively t beliefs & op9ions1 if !y _h any objective beyond !mselves1 c\ld nev] be sure !y _h atta9$ x71 he seem$ 9 "o s5se s fav\rable to cr$ulity4 ,he 0 n cr$ul\s himself1 f> f x2 he 0 well aw>e t ! tru/ he put 9 p or ideas might betray him4 ,= t v reason he 0 respectful & pitiful to ! tru/fulness ( o!rs4 ,d\btless !y 7 wrong1 b :o 7 we to say s8 ,9 8 own p]son he 0 ready en\gh to face ! my/]y ( ?+s1 & :atev] ! womb ( "t might br+ =?2 b until ! curta9 0 rung d[n on ! la/ act ( ! drama 7& x might h no la/ act67 he wi%$ ! intellectual cripples & ! moral hun*backs n to be je]$ at2 p]haps !y might turn out to be ! h]oes ( ! play4 ,:o c\ld tell :at heav5ly influ5ces might n pi]ce to ^! s5sitive halfflay$ creatures1 :i* are lo/ on ! ?icksk9n$1 ! sane1 & ! duly goggl$8 ,we mu/ n suppose1 h[ev]1 t ,james meant ^! contrite & romantic sugge/ions dogmatically4 ,! agno/ic1 z well z ! physician & neurologi/ 9 him1 0 nev] q eclips$4 ,! hope t "s new revelation might come f ! l[ly & weak c\ld nev] mean to him :at x meant to ! e>ly ,*ri/ians4 ,= him x 0 only a "r conc$$ to !m to exp]im5t ) _! special fai?s2 he did n expect su* fai?s to be discov]ies ( absolute fact1 :i* ev]ybody else might be con/ra9$ to recognise4 ,if any "o _h made su* a claim1 & _h seem$ to h "s *ance ( impos+ x univ]sally1 ,james w\ld h be5 ! fir/ to turn aga9/ him2 n1 ( c\rse1 on ! gr\nd t x 0 impossible t su* an or?odoxy %\ld be true1 b ) a pr(\nd conviction t x 0 to be fe>$ & di/ru/$4 ,no3 ! degree ( au?ority & hon\r to be accord$ to v>i\s human fai?s 0 a moral "q1 n a !oretical "o4 ,all fai?s 7 :at !y 7 exp]i5c$ z be+1 9 _! capacity ( fai?s2 ^! fai?s1 n _! objects1 7 ! h>d facts we mu/ respect4 ,we _c pass1 except "u ! illusion ( ! mom5t1 to any?+ firm] or on a deep] level4 ,!re 0 accord+ly no s5se ( security1 no joy1 9 ,james's apology = p]sonal religion4 ,he did n really believe2 he m]ely believ$ 9 ! "r ( believ+ t y might be "r if y believ$4 ,x is ?is und]ly+ agno/icism t expla9s an incoh]5ce :i* we might f9d 9 8 popul> works1 :]e ! /ory & ! moral d n seem to hang toge!r4 ,pr(ess$ly !y are works ( psy*ological obs]vation2 b ! t5d5cy & suasion 9 !m seems to run to dis9tegrat+ ! idea ( tru?1 recomm5d+ belief )\t reason1 & enc\rag+ sup]/ition4 ,a psy*ologi/ :o 0 n an agno/ic w\ld h indicat$1 z f> z possible1 :e!r ! beliefs & exp]i5ces he 0 describ+ 7 in/ances ( delusion or ( r>e & f9e p]ception1 or 9 :at measure !y 7 a mixture ( bo?4 ,b ,james--& ?is is :at gives su* romantic w>m? to ^! writ+s ( 8--disclaims all antec$5t or sup]ior k1 li/5s to ! te/imony ( ea* witness 9 turn1 & only by accid5t all[s u to feel t he is sway$ by ! eloqu5ce & vehem5ce ( "s ( !m r ?an ( o!rs4 ,?is me?od is mode/1 g5]\s1 & imp>tial2 b if ,james int5d$1 z ,i ?9k he did1 to picture ! drama ( human belief1 ) its risks & triumphs1 ! me?od 0 inadequate4 ,dramati/s nev] hesitate to assume1 & to let ! audi5ce p]ceive1 :o is good & :o bad1 :o wise & :o fooli%1 9 _! pieces2 o!rwise _! "w w\ld be z impot5t dramatically z sci5tifically4 ,! trag$y & com$y ( life lie precisely 9 ! contra/ betwe5 ! illusions or passions ( ! *>act]s & _! true condition & fate1 hidd5 f !m at fir/1 b evid5t to ! au?or & ! public4 ,if 9 our diffid5ce & scrupul\s fairness we refuse to take ?is judicial attitude1 we %all be l$ to /range conclusions4 ,! navigator1 = in/ance1 tru/+ 8 8exp]i5ce0 7:i* "h1 z 9 ! case ( religi\s p1 means 8 imag9ation & 8 art71 insi/s on believ+ t ! e>? is sph]ical2 he has sail$ r\nd x4 ,t is to say1 he has seem$ to himself to /e] we/w>d & we/w>d1 & has seem$ to get home aga94 ,b h[ %\ld he "k t home is n[ :]e x 0 be=e1 or t 8 pa/ & pres5t impressions ( x come f ! same1 or f any1 mat]ial object8 ,h[ %\ld he "k t space is z trim & tridim5sional z ! discr$it$ ,euclidians us$ to say x 08 ,if1 on ! contr>y1 my wor?y aunt1 tru/+ to h] long] & less ambigu\s exp]i5ce ( h] g>d51 insi/s t ! e>? is flat1 & obs]ves t ! !ory t x is r\nd1 :i* is only a !ory1 is mu* less (t5 te/$ & f\nd useful ?an h] own p]ception ( its flatness1 & t moreov] t !ory is p$antic1 intellectuali/ic1 & a product ( academies1 & a ra% dogma to impose on mank9d = ev] & ev]1 x might seem t on ,james's pr9ciple we ought to agree ) h]4 ,b no2 on ,james's real pr9ciples we ne$ n agree ) h]1 nor ) ! navigator ei!r4 ,radical empiricism1 :i* is radical agno/icism1 deliv]s u f s b5ight$ a *oice4 ,= ! qu>rel becomes unmean+ :5 we rememb] t ! e>? is bo? flat & r\nd1 if x is exp]i5c$ z be+ bo?4 ,! sub/antive fact is n a s+le object on :i* bo? ! p]ception & ! !ory are expect$ to conv]ge2 ! sub/antive facts are ! !ory & ! p]ception !mselves4 ,& we may note 9 pass+ t empiricism1 :5 x ceases to value exp]i5ce z a means ( discov]+ ext]nal ?+s1 c give up its anci5t prejudice 9 fav\r ( s5se z aga9/ imag9ation1 = imag9ation & ?\ght are imm$iate exp]i5ces z mu* z s5sation is3 !y are !re=e1 = absolute empiricism1 no less actual +r$i5ts ( reality4 ,9 ,! ,v>ieties ( ,religi\s ,exp]i5ce we f9d ! same apologetic int5tion runn+ ?r\gh a vivid acc\nt ( :at seems = ! mo/ "p 7z ,james ackn[l$g$7 religi\s disease4 ,normal religi\s exp]i5ce is h>dly describ$ 9 x4 ,religi\s exp]i5ce1 = ! great mass ( mank9d1 consi/s 9 simple fai? 9 ! tru? & b5efit ( _! religi\s traditions4 ,b to ,james some?+ s conv5tional & rationali/ic seem$ h>dly exp]i5ce & h>dly religi\s2 he 0 ?9k+ only ( irruptive visions & feel+s z int]pret$ by ! my/ics :o _h !m4 ,^! int]pretations he o/5sibly pres5ts1 ) m or less wi/ful sympa?y = :at !y 7 wor?2 b emotionally he wi%$ to *ampion !m4 ,! religions t _h sprung up 9 ,am]ica spontane\sly--communi/ic1 hy/]ical1 spiriti/ic1 or m$ic9al--7 despis$ by select & sup]ior p4 ,y might inquire into !m1 z y might g slumm+1 b !y rema9$ suspect & di/a/eful4 ,?is pick+ up ( g5teel skirts on ! "p ( 8 acqua9tance prompt$ ,william ,james to roll up 8 sleeves--n = a knockout bl[1 b = a ?or\gh cl9ical demon/ration4 ,he w\ld t5d]ly vivisect ! exp]i5ces 9 "q1 to %[ h[ liv+ !y 71 ?\gh ( c\rse he c\ld n gu>antee1 m ?an o!r surgeons d1 t ! pati5t w\ld survive ! op]ation4 ,an op]ation t ev5tually kills may be te*nically successful1 & ! man may die cur$2 & s a description ( religion t %[$ x to be madness might fir/ %[ h[ real & h[ w>m x 01 s t if x p]i%$1 at lea/ x w\ld p]i% und]/ood4 ,i nev] obs]v$ 9 ,william ,james any p]sonal anxiety or en?usiasm = any ( ^! dubi\s t5ets4 ,8 conception ev5 ( su* a ?+ z freew1 :i* he always ard5tly def5d$1 rema9$ vague2 he avoid$ def9+ ev5 :at he conceiv$ to be desirable 9 su* matt]s4 ,b he wi%$ to protect ! weak aga9/ ! /rong1 & :at he hat$ beyond ev]y?+ 0 ! non possumus ( any con/itut$ au?ority4 ,philosophy = him _h a ,poli% con/itution2 s long z a s+le vote 0 ca/ aga9/ ! majority1 no?+ c\ld pass4 ,! susp5se ( judgem5t :i* he _h impos$ on himself z a duty1 became almo/ a necessity4 ,i ?9k x w\ld h depress$ him if he _h _h to confess t any important "q 0 f9ally settl$4 ,he w\ld /ill h hop$ t some?+ might turn up on ! o!r side1 & t j z ! sci5tific hangman 0 ab\t to despat* ! poor convict$ prison]1 an unexpect$ witness w\ld ride up 9 hot ha/e1 & prove him innoc5t4 ,exp]i5ce seems to mo/ ( u to lead to conclusions1 b empiricism has sworn nev] to draw !m4 ,9 ! disc\rse on 8,! ,en]gies ( ,m510 c]ta9 physiological m>vels are record$1 z if to sugge/ t ! res\rces ( our m9ds & bodies are inf9ite1 or c be inf9itely enl>g$ by div9e grace4 ,yet ,james w\ld n1 ,i am sure1 h accept$ t inf]5ce4 ,he w\ld1 "u pressure1 h drawn 9 8 my/ical horns "u 8 sci5tific %ell2 b he 0 n naturali/ en\gh to feel in/9ctively t ! wond]ful & ! natural are all ( a piece1 & t only our degree ( habituation di/+ui%es !m4 ,a nucleus1 :i* we may poetically call ! s\l1 c]ta9ly lies )9 u1 by :i* our bodies & m9ds are g5]at$ & controll$1 l an army by a gov]nm5t4 ,9 ?is nucleus1 s9ce nature 9 a small compass has room = any?+1 va/ quantities ( en]gy may well be /or$ up1 :i* may be tapp$ on occasion1 or :i* may s]ve l an electric sp>k to let loose en]gy previ\sly exi/+ 9 ! gross] p>ts4 ,b ! absolute autocracy ( ?is c5tral p[]1 or its success 9 impos+ extraord9>y trials on its subjects1 is n an obvi\s good4 ,p]haps1 l a democratic gov]nm5t1 ! s\l is at its be/ :5 x m]ely collects & coord9ates ! impulses com+ f ! s5ses4 ,! inn] man is at times a tyrant1 p>asitical1 wa/eful1 & voluptu\s4 ,at o!r times he is fanatical & mad4 ,:5 he asks = & obta9s viol5t ex]tions f ! body1 ! "q (t5 is1 z ) ! exploits ( conqu]ors & conjur]s1 :e!r ! impulse to d su* prodigi\s ?+s 0 n gratuit\s1 & ! ?+s nugatory4 ,:o w\ld wi% to be a my/ic8 ,james himself1 :o by nature 0 a spirit$ r ?an a spiritual man1 _h no lik+ = sanctimoni\s transc5d5tali/s1 vision>ies1 or ascetics2 he hat$ m9ds t run ?94 ,b he ha/5$ to correct ?is manly impulse1 le/ x %\ld be unju/1 & =c$ himself to ov]come 8 repugnance4 ,?is 0 made easi] :5 ! une>?ly ph5om5on _h a heal+ or sav+ function 9 ! ev]yday mat]ial _w2 miracle !n ree/abli%$ its anci5t id5tity ) m$ic9e1 & bo? ( !m 7 humanis$4 ,ev5 :5 ?is union 0 n atta9$1 ,james 0 reconcil$ to ! miraclework]s p>tly by 8 great *>ity1 & p>tly by 8 hunt]'s in/9ct to foll[ a sc5t1 = he believ$ discov]ies to be imm95t4 ,besides1 a philosoph] :o is a tea*] ( y\? is m conc]n$ to give p a "r />t ?an a "r conclusion4 ,james fell 9 ) ! hortatory tradition ( college sages2 he turn$ 8 psy*ology1 :5ev] he c\ld d s hone/ly1 to purposes ( edification2 & 8 little s]mons on habit1 on w1 on fai?1 & ?is on ! lat5t capacities ( m51 7 f9e & /irr+1 & j ! s]mons to prea* to ! "y ,*ri/ian soldi]4 ,he 0 mu* less sceptical 9 morals ?an 9 sci5ce4 ,he seems to h felt sure t c]ta9 ?\ghts & hopes--^? famili> to a lib]al ,prote/antism--7 e man's true fri5ds 9 life4 ,?is assumption w\ld h be5 h>d to def5d if he or ^? he habitually address$ _h ev] que/ion$ x2 yet 8 :ole argum5t = volunt>ily cultivat+ ^! beliefs re/s on ?is assumption1 t !y are b5efic5t4 ,s9ce1 :e!r we w or no1 we _c escape ! risk ( error1 & mu/ succumb to "s human or pa?ological bias1 at lea/ we might d s gracefully & 9 ! =m t w\ld pr(it u mo/1 by cl++ to ^? prejudices :i* help u to lead :at we all feel is a good life4 ,b :at is a good life8 ,_h ,william ,james1 _h ! p ab\t him1 _h mod]n philosoph]s any:]e1 any notion ( t8 ,i _c ?9k s4 ,!y _h mu* exp]i5ce ( p]sonal goodness1 & love ( x2 !y _h /&>ds ( "* & "r conduct2 b z to :at might r5d] human exi/5ce good1 excell5t1 beautiful1 happy1 & wor? hav+ z a :ole1 _! notions 7 utt]ly ?9 & b>b>\s4 ,!y _h =gott5 ! ,greeks1 or nev] kn[n !m4 ,?is argum5t accord+ly suff]s f ! same weakness z ! simil> argum5t ( ,pascal 9 fav\r ( ,ca?olic or?odoxy4 ,y %\ld =ce y\rself to believe 9 x1 he said1 because if y d s & are "r y w9 heav51 :ile if y are wrong y lose no?+4 ,:at w\ld ,prote/ants1 ,mohamm$ans1 & ,h9dus say to t8 ,^? alt]natives ( ,pascal's are n ! sole nor ! true alt]natives2 su* a wag]--bett+ on ! improbable because y are (f]$ big odds--is an unwor?y p>ody ( ! real *oice betwe5 wisdom & folly4 ,!re is no heav5 to be won 9 su* a _s1 & if !re 01 a philosoph] w\ld despise x4 ,s ,william ,james w\ld h u bet on immortality1 or bet on our p[] to succe$1 because if we w9 ! wag] we c live to congratulate ourselves on our true in/9ct1 :ile we lose no?+ if we h made a mi/ake2 = unless y h ! satisfaction ( f9d+ t y h be5 "r1 ! dignity ( hav+ be5 "r is app>5tly no?+4 ,or if ! argum5t is r t ^! beliefs1 :e!r true or false1 make life bett] 9 ?is _w1 ! ?+ is simply false4 ,to be boo/$ by an illusion is n to live bett] ?an to live 9 h>mony ) ! tru?2 x is n ne>ly s safe1 n ne>ly s sweet1 & n ne>ly s fruitful4 ,^! refusals to "p ) a decay$ illusion are really an infection to ! m9d4 ,believe1 c]ta9ly2 we _c help believ+2 b believe rationally1 hold+ :at seems c]ta9 = c]ta91 :at seems probable = probable1 :at seems desirable = desirable1 & :at seems false = false4 ,9 ?is matt]1 z usual1 ,james _h a true psy*ological fact & a g5]\s in/9ct beh9d 8 confus$ moral sugge/ions4 ,x is a psy*ological fact t m5 are influ5c$ 9 _! beliefs by _! w & desires2 inde$1 ,i ?9k we c g fur!r & say t 9 its ess5ce belief is an expression ( impulse1 ( read9ess to act4 ,x is only p]iph]ally1 z our action is gradually adju/$ to ?+s1 & our impulses to our possible or necess>y action1 t our ideas beg9 to hug ! facts1 & to acquire a true1 if /ill a symbolic1 significance4 ,we d n ne$ a w to believe2 we only ne$ a w to /udy ! object 9 :i* we are inevitably believ+4 ,b ,james 0 ?9k+ less ( belief 9 :at we f9d ?an ( belief 9 :at we hope =3 a belief :i* is n at all cle> & n at all necess>y 9 ! life ( mortals4 ,l mo/ ,am]icans1 h[ev]1 only m lyrically1 ,james felt ! call ( ! future & ! assurance t x c\ld be made f> bett]1 totally o!r1 ?an ! pa/4 ,! pictures t religion _h pa9t$ ( heav5 or ! mill5nium 7 n :at he priz$1 al?\gh 8 ,sw$5borgian connection might h made him t5d] to !m1 z p]haps x did to famili> spirits4 ,x 0 ! moral succ\r (f]$ by religion1 its op5 spaces1 ! possibility ( miracles 9 extremis1 t mu/ be reta9$4 ,if we recoil$ at ! ?\ght ( be+ dupes 7:i* is p]haps :at nature int5d$ u to be71 7 we less likely to be dupes 9 disbeliev+ ^! su/a9+ tru?s ?an 9 believ+ !m8 ,fai? 0 ne$$ to br+ ab\t ! re=m ( fai? itself1 z well z all o!r re=ms4 ,9 "s cases fai? 9 success c\ld n]ve u to br+ success ab\t1 & s ju/ify itself by its own op]ation4 ,?is is a ?\ght typical ( ,james at 8 wor/--a wor/ 9 :i* !re is always a good side4 ,"h aga9 psy*ological obs]vation is us$ ) ! be/ int5tions to he>t5 oneself & o!r p2 b ! fact obs]v$ is n at all und]/ood1 & a moral twi/ is giv5 to x :i* 7besides be+ morally que/ionable7 almo/ am\nts to falsify+ ! fact itself4 ,:y does belief t y c jump a dit* help y to jump x8 ,because x is a symptom ( ! fact t y c\ld jump x1 t y\r legs 7 fit & t ! dit* 0 two y>ds wide & n tw5ty4 ,a rapid & j appreciation ( ^! facts has giv5 y y\r confid5ce1 or at lea/ has made x reasonable1 manly1 & prophetic2 o!rwise y w\ld h be5 a fool & got a duck+ = x4 ,assurance is contemptible & fatal unless x is selfk4 ,if y _h be5 rattl$ y might h fail$1 because t w\ld h be5 a symptom ( ! fact t y 7 out ( ge>2 y w\ld h be5 afraid because y trembl$1 z ,james at 8 be/ proclaim$4 ,y w\ld nev] h quail$ if y\r sy/em _h be5 react+ smoo?ly to its opportunities1 any m ?an y w\ld tott] & see d\ble if y 7 n intoxicat$4 ,fe> is a s5sation ( actual n]v\sness & dis>ray1 & confid5ce a s5sation ( actual read9ess2 !y are n disembodi$ feel+s1 exi/+ = no reason1 ! devil ,funk & ! angel ,c\rage1 "o or ! o!r ( :om may come d[n arbitr>ily into y\r body1 & revolutionise x4 ,t is *ildi% my?ology1 :i* survives innoc5tly en\gh z a figure ( spee*1 until a philosoph] is f\nd to take t figure ( spee* s]i\sly4 ,nor is ! moral sugge/ion "h less uns\nd4 ,:at is good is n ! presumption ( p[]1 b ! possession ( x3 a cle> head1 aw>e ( its res\rces1 n a fuddl$ optimism1 call+ up spirits f ! va/y deep4 ,c\rage is n a virtue1 said ,socrates1 unless x is also wisdom4 ,c\ld any?+ be tru] bo? ( c\rage 9 do+ & ( c\rage 9 believ+8 ,b x takes t5acity1 x takes reasonable c\rage1 to /ick to sci5tific insights su* z ?is ( ,socrates or t ( ,james ab\t ! emotions2 x is easi] to lapse into ! traditional mann]1 to se>* natural philosophy = miracles & moral lessons1 & 9 morals prop]1 9 ! reason$ expression ( pref]5ce1 to spla% ab\t )\t a philosophy4 ,william ,james %>$ ! passions ( lib]alism4 ,he belong$ to ! left1 :i*1 z !y say 9 ,spa91 is ! side ( ! he>t1 z ! "r is t ( ! liv]2 at any rate !re 0 mu* blood & no gall 9 8 philosophy4 ,he 0 "o ( ^? eld] ,am]icans /ill disquiet$ by ! gho/ ( tyranny1 social & ecclesia/ical4 ,ev5 ! beauties ( ! pa/ tr\bl$ him2 he _h a puritan feel+ t !y 7 ta9t$4 ,!y _h be5 cruel & frivol\s1 & mu/ h suppress$ f> bett] ?+s4 ,b :at1 we may ask1 might ^! bett] ?+s be8 ,x may d = a revolution>y politician to say3 8,i may n "k :at ,i want--except (fice--b ,i "k :at ,i don't want02 x w nev] d = a philosoph]4 ,av]sions & fe>s imply pr9ciples ( pref]5ce1 goods ackn[l$g$2 & x is ! philosoph]'s bus9ess to make ^! goods explicit4 ,lib]ty is n an art1 lib]ty mu/ be us$ to br+ "s natural art to fruition4 ,%all x be simply eat+ & dr9k+ & wond]+ :at w happ5 next8 ,if !re is "s deep & settl$ ne$ 9 ! he>t ( man1 to give direction to 8 ef=ts1 :at else %\ld a philosoph] d b discov] & ann\nce :at t ne$ is8 ,!re is a s5se 9 :i* ,james 0 n a philosoph] at all4 ,he once said to me3 8,:at a curse philosophy w\ld be if we c\ldn't =get all ab\t x60 ,9 o!r words1 philosophy 0 n to him :at x has be5 to s _m1 a consolation & sanctu>y 9 a life :i* w\ld h be5 unsatisfy+ )\t x4 ,x w\ld be incongru\s1 !re=e1 to expect ( him t he %\ld build a philosophy l an edifice to g & live 9 = good4 ,philosophy to him 0 r l a maze 9 :i* he happ5$ to f9d himself w&]+1 & :at he 0 look+ = 0 ! way out4 ,9 ! pres5ce ( !ories ( any sort he 0 att5tive1 puzzl$1 suspici\s1 ) a c]ta9 inn] prompt+ to disreg>d !m4 ,he liv$ all 8 life among !m1 z a *ild lives among gr[nup p2 :at a relief to turn f ^? /olid giants1 ) _! prohibitions & exactions & tiresome talk1 to ano!r real *ild or a nice animal6 ,( c\rse gr[nup p are useful1 & s ,james consid]$ t !ories might be2 b 9 !mselves1 to live )1 !y 7 r 9 ! way1 & at bottom our natural enemies4 ,x 0 well to *all5ge "o or ano!r ( !m :5 y got a *ance2 p]haps t *all5ge might break "s spell1 trans=m ! /range l&scape1 & simplify life4 ,a !ory :ile y 7 creat+ or us+ x 0 l a /ory y 7 tell+ y\rself or a game y 7 play+2 x 0 a w>m1 selfju/ify+ ?+ !n2 b :5 ! gl[ ( creation or expectation 0 ov]1 a !ory 0 a phantom1 l a gho/1 or l ! m9ds ( o!r p4 ,to all o!r p1 ev5 to gho/s1 ,william ,james 0 ! s\l ( c\rtesy2 & he 0 civil to mo/ !ories z well1 z to m or less int]e/+ /rang]s t invad$ him4 ,nobody ev] recognis$ m he>tily ! *ance t o!rs _h ( be+ "r1 & ! "r !y _h to be diff]5t4 ,yet :5 x came to und]/&+ :at !y meant1 :e!r !y 7 !ories or p]sons1 8 intuition outran 8 pati5ce2 he made "s brilliant impressioni/ic sket* 9 8 fancy & call$ x by _! "n4 ,?is sket* 0 z (t5 flatt]$ z di/ort$1 & he 0 at times ! dupe ( 8 desire to be appreciative & give ! devil 8 due2 he 0 too impulsive = exact sympa?y2 too subjective1 too romantic1 to be j4 ,love is v p5etrat+1 b x p5etrates to possibilities r ?an to facts4 ,! logic ( op9ions1 z well z ! exact op9ions !mselves1 7 n ?+s ,james saw easily1 or trac$ ) pleasure4 ,he lik$ to take ?+s "o by "o1 r ?an to put two & two toge!r4 ,he 0 a my/ic1 a my/ic 9 love ) life4 ,he 0 comp>able to ,r\sseau & to ,walt ,:itman2 he express$ a g5]\s & t5d] s5sibility1 rebell+ aga9/ sophi/ication1 & pref]r+ daily sights & s\nds1 & a vague b indomitable fai? 9 =tune1 to any settl$ intellectual tradition call+ itself sci5ce or philosophy4 ,a prophet is n )\t hon\r save 9 8 own c\ntry2 & until ! return wave ( ,james's reputation rea*$ ,am]ica f ,europe1 8 pupils & fri5ds 7 h>dly aw>e t he 0 su* a di/+ui%$ man4 ,ev]ybody lik$ him1 & delight$ 9 him = 8 g5]\s1 gullible nature & brilliant sallies4 ,he 0 a sort ( ,iri%man among ! ,brahm9s1 & seem$ h>dly impos+ en\gh = a great man4 ,!y laugh$ at 8 erratic views & 8 undisguis$ limitations4 ,( c\rse a consci5ti\s pr(essor ought to "k ev]y?+ he pr(esses to "k1 b !n1 !y ?\ght1 a dignifi$ pr(essor ought to seem to "k ev]y?+4 ,! precise !ologians & panopli$ ideali/s1 :o exi/ ev5 9 ,am]ica1 %ook _! heads4 ,:at s\nd philosophy1 said !y to !mselves1 c\ld be expect$ f an irresponsible doctor1 :o 0 n ev5 a college graduate1 a crude empirici/1 & vivisector ( frogs8 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! solid m5 ( bus9ess 7 n entirely reassur$ conc]n+ a tea*] ( y\? :o seem$ to h no sy/em 9 p>ticul>--! ignorant r dem& t ! le>n$ %\ld h a sy/em 9 /ore1 to be appli$ at a p9*2 & !y c\ld n q swall[ a private g5tleman :o dabbl$ 9 hypnotism1 frequ5t$ m$iums1 didn't talk l a book1 & didn't write l a book1 except l "o ( 8 own4 ,ev5 8 pupils1 atta*$ z !y inv>iably 7 to 8 p]son1 felt "s d\bts ab\t ! pr(undity ( "o :o 0 s v natural1 & :o aft] "s int]ruption dur+ a lecture--& he said life 0 a s]ies ( int]ruptions--w\ld slap 8 =ehead & ask ! man 9 ! front r[ 8,:at 0 ,i talk+ ab\t80 ,p]haps 9 ! fir/ ye>s ( 8 tea*+ he felt a little 9 ! pr(essor's *air z a milit>y man might feel :5 oblig$ to read ! pray]s at a fun]al4 ,he probably conceiv$ :at he said m deeply ?an a m s*ola/ic m9d might h conceiv$ x2 yet he w\ld h be5 m com=table if "s "o else _h said x = him4 ,he lik$ to op5 ! w9d[1 & look out = a mom5t4 ,i ?9k he 0 glad :5 ! bell rang1 & he c\ld be himself aga9 until ! next day4 ,b 9 ! mid/ ( ?is r\t9e ( ! classroom ! _s w\ld sometimes come ^u him1 &1 lean+ 8 head on 8 h&1 he w\ld let fall gold5 words1 picturesque1 fre% f ! he>t1 full ( ! k ( good & evil4 ,incid5tally !re w\ld crop up "s humor\s *>act]isation1 "s c&id confession ( d\bt or ( in/9ctive pref]5ce1 "s pung5t scrap ( le>n+2 radicalisms plung+ sometimes into ! subsoil ( all human philosophies2 &1 on occasion1 ?\ghts ( simple wisdom & wi/ful piety1 ! mo/ unfeign$ & manly t anybody ev] _h4 ,,*apt] ,,iv--,,josiah ,,royce ,meantime ! mantle ( philosophical au?ority _h fall5 at ,h>v>d ^u o!r %\ld]s4 ,a "y ,cali=nian1 ,josiah ,royce1 _h come back f ,g]many ) a reputation = wisdom2 & ev5 )\t kn[+ t he _h already produc$ a new pro( ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 m]ely to look at him y w\ld h felt t he 0 a philosoph]2 8 great head seem$ too heavy = 8 small body1 & 8 port5t\s br[1 cr[n$ ) ?ick r$ hair1 seem$ to cru% ! l[] "p ( 8 face4 8,royce10 said ,william ,james ( him1 8has an indec5t exposure ( =ehead40 ,!re 0 a sugge/ion ab\t him ( ! b5evol5t ogre or ! old *ild1 9 :om a pret]natural %>pness ( insight lurk$ b5ea? a grotesque mask4 ,if y gave him any cue1 or ev5 )\t "o1 he c\ld disc\rse broadly on any subject2 y nev] caught him napp+4 ,:atev] ! textbooks & encyclopdias c\ld tell him1 he knew2 & if ! impression he left on y\r m9d 0 vague1 t 0 p>tly because1 9 spite ( 8 compreh5siv5ess1 he seem$ to view ev]y?+ 9 relation to some?+ else t rema9$ untold4 ,8 approa* to any?+ 0 oblique2 he began a long way (f1 p]haps ) ! ,am]ican preface ( a funny /ory2 & :5 ! po9t came 9 sight1 x 0 at once envelop$ aga9 9 a cl\d ( qualifications1 9 ! p>liam5t>y j>gon ( philosophy4 ,! tap once turn$ on1 out fl[$ ! /ream ( sy/ematic disquisition1 "o h\r1 two h\rs1 ?ree h\rs ( x1 accord+ to dem& or opportunity4 ,! voice1 too1 0 m]ciless & h>%4 ,y felt ! ov]work$1 /&>dis$1 academic eng9e1 creak+ & ?ump+ on at ! call ( duty or ( habit1 ) no ?\ght ( sp>+ itself or any "o else4 ,yet a sprightli] s\l beh9d ?is p]=m+ s\l seem$ to wat* & laugh at ! process4 ,sometimes a m]ry light w\ld tw9kle 9 ! little eyes1 & a ba%ful smile w\ld creep ov] ! uncompromis+ m\?4 ,a s5se ( ! p>adox1 ! irony1 ! inconclusiv5ess ( ! :ole argum5t w\ld pi]ce to ! surface1 l a :itecap bur/+ "h & !re on ! heavy swell ( ! sea4 ,8 proc$ure 0 fir/ to ga!r & dige/ :atev] ! sci5ces or ! devil might h to say4 ,he _h an evid5t sly pleasure 9 ! degu/ation & sav\r ( difficulties2 biblical criticism1 ! /ruggle = life1 ! late/ ,g]man !ory ( sexual insanity1 _h no t]rors = him2 x 0 all gri/ = ! mill1 & woe to any t5d] ?+1 any beauty or any illusion1 t %\ld get betwe5 t upp] & t ne!r mill/one6 ,he seem$ to say3 ,if ,i 7 n ,alex&] h[ gladly w\ld ,i be ,diog5es1 & if ,i _h n a sy/em to def5d1 h[ easily ,i might tell y ! tru?4 ,b aft] ! sceptic _h ambl$ quizzically ov] ! gr\nd1 ! prophet w\ld m\nt ! pulpit to survey x4 ,he w\ld !n prove t 9 spite ( all ^? horrors & contradictions1 or r because ( !m1 ! univ]se 0 absolutely p]fect4 ,= beh9d t mock+ s\l 9 him !re 0 yet ano!r1 a dev\t & h]oic s\l4 ,royce 0 heir to ! ,calv9i/ic tradition2 piety1 to 8 m9d1 consi/$ 9 tru/+ div9e provid5ce & ju/ice1 :ile emphasis+ ! mo/ t]rify+ tru?s ab\t "o's own depravity & ! s9i/] hol9ess ( ,god4 ,he accord+ly address$ himself1 9 8 *ief writ+s1 to %[+ t all lives 7 p>ts ( a s+le div9e life 9 :i* all problems 7 solv$ & all evils ju/ifi$4 ,x is *>act]i/ic ( ,royce t 9 8 pro( ( some?+ sublime1 l ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 8 premiss %\ld be some?+ sad & tr\blesome1 ! exi/5ce ( error4 ,error exi/s1 he tells u1 & common s5se w readily agree1 al?\gh ! fact is n unque/ionable1 & pure my/ics & pure s5suali/s d5y x4 ,b if error exi/s1 ,royce cont9ues1 !re mu/ be a tru? f :i* x diff]s2 & ! exi/5ce ( tru? 7accord+ to ! pr9ciple ( idealism1 t no?+ c exi/ except = a m9d t kn[s x7 implies t "s "o kn[s ! tru?2 b z to "k ! tru? ?or\ghly1 & supply ! corrective to e possible error1 involves omnisci5ce1 we h prov$ ! exi/5ce ( an omnisci5t m9d or univ]sal ?\ght2 & ?is is almo/1 if n q1 equival5t to ! exi/5ce ( ,god4 ,:at c>ri$ ,royce ov] ! evid5t *asms & assumptions 9 ?is argum5t 0 8 e>ne/ness & passionate eloqu5ce4 ,he pass$ = an em95t logician1 because he 0 dialectical & fe>less 9 argum5t & delight$ 9 ! play ( =mal relations2 he 0 devot$ to *ess1 music1 & ma!matics2 b all ?is %[ ( logic 0 b a scre5 = 8 he>t1 & 9 8 he>t !re 0 no cle>ness4 ,8 reason+ 0 n pure logic or pure obs]vation2 x 0 always secretly en?usia/ic or malici\s1 & ! result x arriv$ at _h be5 presuppos$4 ,"h1 = in/ance1 no unprejudic$ ?9k]1 n to speak ( a pure logician1 w\ld h dreamt ( us+ ! exi/5ce ( error to f\nd ! be+ ( tru? ^u4 ,error is a biological accid5t :i* may any day cease to exi/1 say at ! ext9ction ( ! human race2 :]eas ! be+ ( tru? or fact is involv$ indefeasibly & et]nally 9 ! exi/5ce ( any?+ :atev]1 pa/1 pres5t1 or future2 e ev5t ( itself r5d]s true or false any proposition t ref]s to x4 ,no "o w\ld conceive ( su* a ?+ z error or suspect its pres5ce1 unless he _h already f\nd or assum$ _m a tru?2 nor c\ld any?+ be an error actually unless ! tru? 0 def9ite & real4 ,all ?is ,royce ( c\rse recognis$1 & x 0 9 "s s5se ! he>t ( :at he meant to ass]t & to prove2 b x does n ne$ prov+ & h>dly ass]t+4 ,:at ne$$ pro( 0 some?+ else1 ( less logical importance b f> great] romantic int]e/1 namely1 t ! tru? 0 hov]+ ov] u & ab\t to desc5d into our he>ts2 & ?is ,royce 0 n dis9cl9$ to confuse ) ! be+ ( tru?1 s z to br+ x )9 ! range ( logical argum5t4 ,he 0 torm5t$ by ! suspicion t he might be himself 9 ! toils ( error1 & f]v5tly aspir$ to escape f x4 ,error to him 0 no natural1 & 9 itself h>mless1 incid5t ( f9itude2 x 0 a sort ( s91 z f9itude 0 too4 ,x 0 a "p ( ! problem ( evil2 a t]rible & urg5t problem :5 y\r fir/ po/ulate or dogma is t moral di/9ctions & moral exp]i5ce are ! sub/ance ( ! _w1 & n m]ely an incid5t 9 x4 ,! m]e be+ ( tru?1 :i* is all a logician ne$s1 w\ld n help him 9 ?is wre/l+ = p]sonal salvation2 z he ke5ly felt & (t5 said1 ! tru? is l ! />s1 always laugh+ at u4 ,no?+ w\ld help him b possession ( ! tru?1 some?+ ev5tual & t]ribly problematic4 ,he long$ to believe t all 8 tr\bles & que/ions1 "s day & some:]e1 mu/ f9d _! solution & quietus2 if n 9 8 own m9d1 9 "s k9dr$ _s t he c\ld1 to t ext5t1 id5tify ) himself4 ,!re mu/ be n only cold tru?1 n ev5 cold tru? p]sonifi$1 b victori\s k ( ! tru?1 break+ l a sunbur/ ?r\gh ! cl\ds ( error4 ,! n]ve ( 8 argum5t 0 n logical at all2 x 0 a confession ( religi\s exp]i5ce1 9 :i* ! agonis$ consci\sness ( error l$ to a /rong imag9ative conviction t ! tru? w\ld be f\nd at la/4 ,! tru?1 z "h conceiv$1 meant ! :ole tru? ab\t ev]y?+2 & c]ta9ly1 if any plausible evid5ce = su* a conclusion c\ld be adduc$1 x w\ld be int]e/+ to le>n t we are de/9$ to become omnisci5t1 or are secretly omnisci5t already4 ,nev]!less1 ! aspiration ( all religi\s m9ds does n run t way4 ,ari/otle tells u t !re are _m ?+s x is bett] n to "k2 & 8 sublime deity is happily ignorant ( our errors & ( our v exi/5ce2 m emphatically s ! ev5 sublim] deities ( ,plot9us & ! ,indians4 ,! omnisci5ce :i* our religion attributes to ,god z ! se>*] ( he>ts & ! judge ( conduct has a moral function r ?an a logical "o2 x prev5ts u f hid+ our s9s or be+ unrecognis$ 9 our m]its2 x is n conceiv$ to be requisite 9 ord] t x may be true t ^? s9s or m]its h exi/$4 ,a!i/s admit ! facts1 b !y are cont5t or p]haps reliev$ t !y %\ld pass unobs]v$4 ,b "h aga9 ,royce slipp$ into a romantic equivocation :i* a /rict logician w\ld n h tol]at$4 ,k ( ! tru?1 a pass+ psy*ological possession1 0 sub/itut$ = ! tru? kn[n1 & ?is at ! co/ ( r s]i\s ultimate confusions4 ,x is ! tru? itself1 ! facts 9 _! actual relations1 t hone/ op9ion appeals to1 n to ano!r op9ion or in/ance ( k2 & if1 9 y\r dream ( w>m sympa?y & public corroboration1 y lay up y\r treasure 9 "s in/ance ( k1 :i* "t & d\bt might corrupt1 y h n laid up y\r treasure 9 heav54 ,9 /riv+ to prove ! be+ ( tru?1 ! "y ,royce absurdly treat$ x z d\btful1 sett+ a bad example to ! pragmati/s2 :ile 9 /riv+ to l5d a psy*ological quality to ?is tru? & turn+ x into a problematical in/ance ( k1 he unwitt+ly depriv$ x ( all au?ority & sublimity4 ,to p]sonify ! tru? is to c>e less = tru? ?an = ! corroboration & sympa?y :i* ! tru?1 become human1 might br+ to our op9ions4 ,x is to set up ano!r ?9k]1 ourself enl>g$1 to v9dicate u2 )\t consid]+ t ?is second ?9k] w\ld be %ut up1 l u1 9 8 own op9ions1 & w\ld ne$ to look to ! tru? beyond him z mu* z we d4 ,to ! old problem ( evil ,royce c\ld only give an old answ]1 al?\gh he r$iscov]$ & repeat$ x = himself 9 _m ways1 s9ce x 0 ! core ( 8 :ole sy/em4 ,good1 he said1 is ess5tially ! /ruggle ) evil & ! victory ov] x2 s t if evil did n exi/1 good w\ld be impossible4 ,i d n ?9k ?is answ] set him at re/2 he c\ld h>dly help feel+ t all goods are n ( t bellicose description1 & t n all evils produce a heal?y reaction or are swall[$ up 9 victory2 yet ! fact t ! mo/ speci\s solution to ?is problem ( evil left x unsolv$ 0 9 its way appropriate2 = if ! problem _h be5 really solv$1 ! /ruggle to f9d a solution & ! fai? t !re 0 "o w\ld come to an end2 yet p]haps ?is fai? & ?is /ruggle are !mselves ! supreme good4 ,accord+ly ! true solution ( ?is problem1 :i* we may all accept1 is t no solution c ev] be f\nd4 ,"h is an example ( ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! be+ ( tru? & ! ultimate solution ( all our problems4 ,!re is c]ta9ly a tru? ab\t evil1 & 9 ?is case n an unkn[n tru?2 yet x is no solution to ! 8problem0 :i* laid ! indomitable ,royce on ! rack4 ,if a y\ng] son asks :y he 0 n born be=e 8 eld] bro!r1 t "q may repres5t an intelligible /ate ( 8 feel+s2 b !re is no answ] to x1 because x is a *ildi% "q4 ,s ! "q :y x is "r t !re %\ld be any evil is itself p]v]se & rais$ by false presumptions4 ,to an unsophi/icat$ mortal ! exi/5ce ( evil pres5ts a task1 nev] a problem4 ,evil1 l error1 is an incid5t ( animal life1 inevitable 9 a cr[d$ & unsettl$ _w1 :]e "o spontane\s movem5t is likely to ?w>t ano!r1 & all to run up aga9/ mat]ial impossibilities4 ,:ile life la/s ?is task is recurr5t1 & e creature1 9 proportion to ! vitality & integrity ( 8 nature1 /rives to remove or abate ^? evils ( :i* he is s5sible4 ,:5 ! case is urg5t & he is helpless1 he w cry out = div9e aid2 & 7if he does n p]i% fir/7 he w soon see ?is aid com+ to him ?r\gh "s %ift 9 ! circum/ances t r5d]s 8 situation endurable4 ,positive religion takes a naturali/ic view ( ?+s1 & requires x4 ,x p>ts company ) a sci5tific naturalism only 9 accept+ ! au?ority ( in/9ct or revelation 9 decid+ c]ta9 que/ions ( fact1 su* z immortality or miracles4 ,x r\ses itself to cru% evil1 )\t ask+ :y evil exi/s4 ,:at c\ld be m intelligible ?an t a deity l ,jehovah1 a giant inhabitant ( ! natural _w1 %\ld be confront$ ) rivals1 enemies1 & rebelli\s *ildr58 ,:at c\ld be m intelligible ?an t ! in]tia ( matt]1 or pure *ance1 or "s contr>y purpose1 %\ld m> ! expression ( any platonic idea ex]cis+ its magic influ5ce ov] ! _w8 ,= ! ,greek z = ! ,jew ! task ( morals is ! same3 to subdue nature z f> z possible to ! uses ( ! s\l1 by :atev] ag5cies mat]ial or spiritual may be at h&2 & :5 a limit is rea*$ 9 t direction1 to h>d5 & caut]ise ! he>t 9 ! face ( inevitable evils1 op5+ x wide at ! same "t to e sweet influ5ce t may desc5d to x f heav54 ,nev] = a mom5t 0 positive religion entangl$ 9 a sophi/ical optimism4 ,nev] did x conceive t ! mo/ complete f9al deliv]ance & triumph w\ld ju/ify ! evils :i* !y aboli%$4 ,z ,william ,james put x1 9 8 picturesque mann]1 if at ! la/ day all creation 0 %\t+ hallelujah & !re rema9$ "o cockroa* ) an unrequit$ love1 t w\ld spoil ! univ]sal h>mony2 x w\ld spoil x1 he meant1 9 tru? & = ! t5d] philosoph]1 b probably n = ^? excit$ sa9ts4 ,james 0 ?9k+ *iefly ( ! pres5t & future1 b ! same scrupul\s *>ity has its application to ! pa/4 ,to remove an evil is n to remove ! fact t x has exi/$4 ,! te>s t h be5 %$ 7 %$ 9 bitt]ness1 ev5 if a remorseful h& aft]w>ds wipes !m away4 ,to be patt$ on ! back & giv5 a sug>plum does n reconcile ev5 a *ild to a pa/ inju/ice4 ,& ! case is mu* worse if we are expect$ to make our heav5 out ( ! fooli% & cruel pleasures ( contra/1 or out ( ! pa!tic obfuscation produc$ by a great relief4 ,su* a heav5 w\ld be a lie1 l ! s>donic heav5s ( ,calv9 & ,hegel4 ,! exi/5ce ( any evil any:]e at any "t absolutely ru9s a total optimism4 ,nev]!less philosoph]s h always _h a royal road to complete satisfaction4 ,"o ( ! pure/ ( pleasures1 :i* !y cultivate above all o!rs1 is ! pleasure ( und]/&+4 ,n[1 z playwrights & noveli/s "k1 ! intellect is no less readily or agreeably employ$ 9 und]/&+ evil ?an 9 und]/&+ good--m s1 9 fact1 if 9 ! intellectual man1 besides 8 intellig5ce1 !re is a /ra9 ( co>s5ess1 irony1 or desire to belittle ! good ?+s o!rs possess & he himself has miss$4 ,sometimes ! philosoph]1 ev5 :5 above all meanness1 becomes s devot$ a naturali/ t he is a%am$ to rema9 a morali/1 al?\gh ?is is :at he probably 0 9 ! beg9n+2 & :]e all is "o va/ cat>act ( ev5ts1 he feels x w\ld be imp]t95t ( him to divide !m c5sori\sly into ?+s t ought to be & ?+s t ought n to be4 ,he may ev5 g "o /ep f>!r4 ,awe/ruck & humbl$ be=e ! univ]se1 he may ins5sibly trans=m 8 und]/&+ & admiration ( x into ! ass]tion t ! exi/5ce ( evil is no evil at all1 b t ! ord] ( ! univ]se is 9 e detail necess>y & p]fect1 s t ! m]e m5tion ( ! ^w evil is bl9d & blasphem\s4 ,?is s5tim5t1 :i* z mu* z any o!r des]ves ! "n ( pan!ism1 is (t5 express$ incoh]5tly & ) a false afflatus2 b :5 rationally conceiv$1 z x 0 by ,sp9oza1 x am\nts to ?is3 t good & evil are relations :i* ?+s be> to ! liv+ be+s !y affect4 ,9 itself no?+--mu* less ?is :ole mix$ univ]se--c be ei!r good or bad2 b ! univ]se we>s ! aspect ( a good 9 s f> z x fe$s1 delights1 or o!rwise fo/]s any creature )9 x4 ,if we def9e ! intellect z ! p[] to see ?+s z !y are1 x is cle> t 9 s f> z ! philosoph] is a pure intellect ! univ]se w be a pure good to ! philosoph]2 ev]y?+ 9 x w give play to 8 exclusive passion4 ,wisdom c\nsels u !re=e to become philosoph]s & to conc5trate our lives z mu* z possible 9 pure intellig5ce1 t we may be l$ by x into ! ways ( peace4 ,n t ! univ]se w be prov$ !reby to be intr9sically good 7al?\gh 9 ! heat ( _! intellectual egotism philosoph]s are sometimes betray$ into say+ s71 b t x w h become 9 t measure a good to u1 & we %all be bett] able to live happily & freely 9 x4 ,if intelligibility appe>s 9 ?+s1 x does s l beauty or use1 because ! m9d ( man1 9 s f> z x is adapt$ to !m1 f9ds its j ex]cise 9 _! society4 ,?is is an anci5t1 %rewd1 & inexpugnable position4 ,if ,royce _h be5 able to adh]e to x consi/5tly1 he w\ld h avoid$ 8 gratuit\s problem ( evil )\t1 ,i ?9k1 do+ viol5ce to ! sane/ elem5t 9 8 natural piety1 :i* 0 joy 9 ! h>d tru?1 ) a t\* ( hum\r & scorn 9 respect to mortal illusions4 ,!re 0 an obs]vant & docile side to him2 & z a *ild likes to see ?+s "w1 he lik$ to see processions ( facts m>*+ on ironically1 :atev] we might say ab\t x4 ,?is 0 8 s5se ( ! p[] ( ,god4 ,x atta*$ him at fir/ to ,sp9oza & lat] to ma!matical logic4 ,no small "p ( 8 lifelong allegiance to ! ,absolute respond$ to ?is s5tim5t4 ,! outlook1 h[ev]1 0 complicat$ & half rev]s$ = him by ! transc5d5tal !ory ( k :i* he _h adopt$4 ,?is !ory reg>ds all objects1 includ+ ! univ]se1 z m]ely t]ms posit$ by ! w ( ! ?9k]1 accord+ to a def9ite gramm> ( ?\ght native to 8 m9d4 ,9 ord] t 8 ?\ghts may be address$ to any p>ticul> object1 he mu/ fir/ *oose & create x ( 8 own accord2 o!rwise 8 op9ions1 n be+ direct$ ^u any object 9 p>ticul> )9 8 k51 _c be ei!r true or false1 :atev] picture !y may frame4 ,:at any?+ ext]nal may happ5 to be1 :5 we d n mean to speak ( x1 is irrelevant to our disc\rse4 ,if1 = in/ance1 ! real ,royce 7 n a d5iz5 & product ( my m9d--( my deep] self--,i c\ld n s mu* z h a wrong idea ( him4 ,! ne$ ( ?is initial relevance 9 our judgem5ts seems to ! transc5d5tali/ to drive all possible objects into ! fold ( 8 secret ?\ghts1 s t he has two m9ds1 "o t seeks ! facts & ano!r t already possesses or r con/itutes !m4 ,pan!ism1 :5 ?is new philosophy ( k is adopt$1 seems at fir/ to lose its f\ndations4 ,!re is no long] an ext]nal univ]se to :i* to b[2 no little corn] left = u 9 ! inf9ite :]e1 aft] mak+ ! great sacrifice1 we may build a safe ne/4 ,! intellect to :i* we _h pr\dly r$uc$ ourselves has lo/ its preem95ce2 x c no long] be call$ ! faculty ( see+ ?+s z !y are4 ,x has become :at psy*ological critics ( intellectualism1 su* z ,william ,james1 und]/& by x3 a mass ( human prop5sities to ab/raction1 con/ruction1 belief1 or inf]5ce1 by :i* imag9>y ?+s & tru?s are posit$ 9 ! s]vice ( life4 ,x is !re=e on ! same plane exactly z passion1 music1 or /hetic ta/e3 a m5tal complication :i* may be an index to o!r psy*ological facts connect$ ) x g5etically1 b :i* has no valid int5t1 no ideal transc5d5ce1 no ass]tive or cognitive function4 ,intellig5ce s conceiv$ und]/&s no?+3 x is a buzz+ lab\r 9 ! fancy :i*1 by "s obscure causation1 helps u to live on4 ,to discr$it ! intellect1 to ?r[ (f ! incubus ( an ext]nal reality or tru?1 0 "o ( ! boons :i* transc5d5talism 9 its beg9n+s br\ght to ! romantic s\l4 ,b al?\gh at fir/ ! s5se ( relief 7to ,fi*te1 = in/ance7 0 mo/ exhil>at+1 ! fre$om a*iev$ soon prov$ illusory3 ! t]rible ,absolute _h be5 simply transplant$ into ! self4 ,y 7 y\r own ma/]1 & omnipot5t2 b y 7 no less d>k1 ho/ile1 & inexorable to y\rself ?an ! gods ( ,calv9 or ( ,sp9oza _h be5 be=e4 ,s9ce e detail ( ?is mock _w 0 y\r secret "w1 y 7 n only wis] b also m crim9al ?an y knew4 ,y 7 /ifl$1 ev5 m ?an =m]ly1 9 ! arms ( nature1 9 ! toils ( y\r own unacc\ntable "*1 :i* made y\r de/9y4 ,royce nev] recoil$ f p>adox or f bitt] fact2 & he us$ to say t a m\se1 :5 torm5t$ & torn to pieces by a cat1 0 realis+ 8 own deepe/ w1 s9ce he _h subconsci\sly *os5 to be a m\se 9 a _w t %\ld h cats 9 x4 ,! m\se really1 9 8 deep] self1 want$ to be t]rifi$1 claw$1 & dev\r$4 ,royce 0 sup]ficially a rationali/1 ) no t5d]ness = sup]/ition 9 detail & n mu* sympa?y ) civilis$ religions2 b we see "h t 9 8 he>t he 0 loyal to ! aborig9al pr9ciple ( all sup]/ition3 rev]5ce = :at hurts4 ,he said to himself t 9 s f> z ,god 0 ! devil--z daily exp]i5ce & ,hegelian logic prov$ 0 l>gely ! case--devilwor%ip 0 true religion4 ,a prote/1 h[ev]1 arose 9 8 own m9d aga9/ ?is doctr9e4 ,/rong e>ly bonds atta*$ him to moralism--to ! op9ion ( ! ,/oics & ( ,kant t virtue is ! only good4 ,yet if virtue 7 conceiv$ aft] _! mann]1 z a h]oic & sublimat$ attitude ( ! w1 ( :i* ! _w h>dly af=d$ any example1 h[ %\ld ! :ole :irligig ( life be good also8 ,h[ %\ld moralism1 t fr[ns on ?is wick$ _w1 be reconcil$ ) pan!ism & optimism1 t hug x to _! bosom8 ,by ! +5i\s if r melodramatic notion t we %\ld hug x ) a be>'s hug1 t virtue consi/$ 7z ,royce (t5 put x7 9 hold+ evil by ! ?roat2 s t ! _w 0 good because x 0 a good _w to /rangle1 & if we only manag$ to d s1 ! m x des]v$ /rangl+ ! bett] _w x 04 ,b ?is ,h]culean feat mu/ n be consid]$ z some?+ to accompli% once = all2 ! lab\rs ( ,h]cules mu/ be n twelve b inf9ite1 s9ce 8 virtue consi/$ 9 p]=m+ !m1 & if he ev] re/$ or 0 receiv$ into ,olympus he w\ld h left virtue--! only good--beh9d4 ,! wick$ness ( ! _w 0 no reason = quitt+ x2 on ! contr>y1 x invit$ u to plunge into all its dep?s & live ?r\gh e phase ( x2 virtue 0 sev]e b n squeami%4 ,x liv$ by endless ef=t1 turbid vitality1 & ,/urm und ,drang4 ,moralism & an apology = evil c\ld ?us be reconcil$ & m]g$ 9 ! praises ( tragic exp]i5ce4 ,?is _h be5 ! burd5 ( ,hegel's philosophy ( life1 :i* ,royce admir$ & adopt$4 ,hegel & 8 foll[]s seem to be fond ( imag9+ t !y are mov+ 9 a trag$y4 ,b because ,aes*ylus & ,sophocles 7 great poets1 does x foll[ t life w\ld be *eap if x did n resemble _! fables8 ,! life ( tragic h]oes is n good2 x is misguid$1 unnecess>y1 & absurd4 ,yet t is :at romantic philosophy w\ld condemn u to2 we mu/ all /rut & ro>4 ,we mu/ l5d ourselves to ! p>tisan e>ne/ness ( p]sons & nations call+ _! rivals villa9s & !mselves h]oes2 b ?is e>ne/ness w be ( ! hi/rionic ,g]man sort1 made to ord] & transf]able at %ort notice f "o object to ano!r1 s9ce :at truly matt]s is n t we %\ld a*ieve our o/5sible aim 7:i* ,hegel contemptu\sly call$ ideal7 b t we %\ld c>ry on p]petually1 if possible ) a cresc5do1 ! /r5u\s exp]i5ce ( liv+ 9 a glori\sly bad _w1 & always work+ to re=m x1 ) ! com=t+ speculative assurance t we nev] c succe$4 ,we nev] c succe$1 ,i mean1 9 r5d]+ re=m less necess>y or life happi]2 b ( c\rse 9 any specific re=m we may succe$ half ! "t1 !reby s[+ ! se$s ( new & high] evils1 to keep ! edge ( virtue ke54 ,& 9 reality we1 or ! ,absolute 9 u1 are succe$+ all ! "t2 ! play is always go+ on1 & ! play's ! ?+4 ,x 0 inevitable t ,royce %\ld h be5 at home only 9 ?is circle ( ,prote/ant & ,g]man intuitions2 a m ref9$ exi/5ce w\ld h seem$ to him to elude moral exp]i5ce4 ,al?\gh he 0 born 9 ,cali=nia he _h nev] got us$ to ! sun%9e2 he _h nev] ta/$ peace4 ,8 _s 0 t ( c\rage & lab\r4 ,he 0 t5d] 9 a ba%ful way1 z if 9 t5d]ness !re 0 some?+ pa?ological1 z inde$ to 8 s5se !re 01 s9ce he conceiv$ love & loyalty to be div9e obsessions refus+ to be rationalis$2 he saw _! ess5ce 9 ! *ild :o cl+s to an old batt]$ doll r ?an accept a new & bett] "o4 ,foll[+ or?odox tradition 9 philosophy1 he insi/$ on see+ reason at ! bottom ( ?+s z well z at ! top1 s t he nev] c\ld und]/& ei!r ! root or ! fl[] ( any?+4 ,he wat*$ ! movem5t ( ev5ts z if !y 7 my/]i\s music1 & in/ead ( _! causes & pot5tialities he tri$ to div9e _! motif4 ,on curr5t affairs 8 judgem5ts 7 highly season$ & labori\sly wise4 ,if any?+ escap$ him1 x 0 only ! simplicity ( :at is be/4 ,8 rew>d 0 t he became a prophet to a :ole class ( e>ne/1 tr\bl$ p :o1 hav+ disc>d$ doctr9al religion1 wi%$ to ?9k _! life wor? liv+ :51 to look at :at x conta9$1 x might n h seem$ s2 x reassur$ !m to le>n t a /ra9$ & joyless exi/5ce 0 n _! unlucky lot1 or a consequ5ce ( _! solemn folly1 b 0 ! necess>y fate ( all good m5 & angels4 ,royce _h always exp]i5c$ & se5 ab\t him a grop+1 burd5$1 m$iocre life2 he _h obs]v$ h[ =tune is cont9ually ly+ 9 ambu% = u1 9 ord] to br+ good out ( evil & evil out ( good4 ,9 8 age & c\ntry all 0 *ange1 prep>ation1 hurry1 mat]ial a*ievem5t2 no?+ 0 an old & suffici5t possession2 n[h]e1 or v mu* 9 ! backgr\nd1 any leisure1 simplicity1 security1 or h>mony4 ,! :ole sc5e 0 fill$ ) arts & virtues :i* 7 m]ely useful or rem$ial4 ,! mo/ press+ arts1 l w> & =c$ lab\r1 presuppose evil1 "w imm5se havoc1 & take ! place ( great] possible goods4 ,! mo/ indisp5sable virtues1 l c\rage & indu/ry1 d likewise4 ,b ^! seem$ 9 ,royce's _w ! only hon\rable ?+s1 & he took !m to be typical ( all art & virtue--a trem5d\s error4 ,x is v true1 h[ev]1 t 9 ! welt] ( mat]ial exi/5ce no concrete ?+ c be good or evil 9 e respect2 & s long z our r\gh arts & virtues d m good ?an h>m we give !m hon\rable names1 su* z unselfi%ness1 patriotism1 or religion2 & x rema9s a m>k ( good bre$+ among u to practise !m in/9ctively4 ,b an absolute love ( su* =c$ arts & impure virtues is itself a vice2 x is1 z ! case may be1 b>b>\s1 va91 or fanatical4 ,x mi/akes some?+ specific--"s habit or emotion :i* may be or may h be5 good 9 "s respect1 or "u "s circum/ances ! less] ( two evils--= ! v pr9ciple ( excell5ce4 ,b good & evil1 l light & %ade1 are e!real2 all ?+s1 ev5ts1 p]sons1 & conv5tional virtues are 9 !mselves utt]ly valueless1 save z an immat]ial h>mony 7( :i* m9d is an expression7 plays ab\t !m on occasion1 :5 _! natures meet propiti\sly1 & ba!s !m 9 "s t9t ( happ9ess or beauty4 ,?is immat]ial h>mony may be made m & m p]fect2 ! difficulties 9 ! way ( p]fection1 ei!r 9 man1 9 society1 or 9 univ]sal nature1 are physical n logical4 ,wor%ip ( b>b>\s virtue is ! blacke/ cons]vatism2 x %uts ! gate ( heav51 & surr5d]s exi/5ce to p]petual follies & crimes1 ,moralism itself is a sup]/ition4 ,9 its ab/ract =m x is moral1 too moral2 x adores ! conv5tional consci5ce1 or p]haps a morbid "o4 ,9 its romantic =m1 moralism becomes b>b>\s & actually immoral2 x ob/9ately craves action & /ress = _! own sake1 exp]i5ce 9 ! gross1 & a good&bad way ( liv+4 ,royce sometimes conc$$ t !re might be "s pure goods1 music1 = in/ance1 or ma!matics2 b ! impure moral goods 7 bett] & c\ld n be sp>$4 ,su* a concession1 h[ev]1 if x _h be5 tak5 to he>t1 w\ld h ru9$ 8 :ole moral philosophy4 ,! romantici/ mu/ ma9ta9 t only :at is pa9ful c be noble & only :at is lurid bright4 ,a ta/e = turbid & contra/$ values w\ld soon seem p]v]se :5 once any?+ p]fect _h be5 se5 & lov$4 ,w\ld x n h be5 bett] to leave out ! wor/ ( ! crimes & plagues t h height5$ ! tragic value ( ! _w8 ,b if s1 :y /op be=e we _h delet$ !m all8 ,we %\ld pres5tly be horrifi$ at ! m]e ?\ght ( passions t be=e _h be5 f\nd necess>y by ! b>b>\s trag$ian to keep 8 audi5ce awake2 & ! e> at ! same "t w\ld become s5sitive to a ?\s& h>monies t _h be5 inaudible 9 ! hurlyburly ( romanticism4 ,! romantici/ ?9ks he has life by virtue ( 8 confusion & torm5t1 :]eas 9 tru? t torm5t & confusion are 8 incipi5t dea?1 & x is only ! modicum ( h>mony he has a*iev$ 9 8 sep>ate faculties t keeps him alive at all4 ,z ,ari/otle taught1 unmix$ h>mony w\ld be int5se/ life4 ,! sph]es might make a sweet & p]petual music1 & a happy ,god is at lea/ possible4 ,x 0 n 9 ?is direction1 h[ev]1 t ,royce broke away on occasion f 8 ,hegelian e?ics2 he did s 9 ! direction ( e?ical dogmatism & d[nright s9c]ity4 ,! deepe/ ?+ 9 him p]sonally 0 consci5ce1 firm recognition ( duty1 & ! democratic & ,am]ican _s ( s]vice4 ,he c\ld n adopt a moral bias hi/rionically1 aft] ! mann] ( ,hegel or ,nietzs*e4 ,to ^? h>d5$ pr(essionals any rle 0 acceptable1 ! m comm&+ ! bett]2 b ! good ,royce 0 l a s5sitive amateur1 refus+ ! rle ( villa91 h[ev] brilliant & necess>y to ! play4 ,9 contempt ( 8 own speculative insight1 or 9 an ob$i5ce to x :i* =got x = ! "t be+1 he lo/ himself 9 8 "p1 & felt t x 0 inf9itely important to be ca/ only = ! mo/ virtu\s ( *>act]s4 ,he reta9$ inconsi/5tly ! ,jewi% allegiance to a ,god ess5tially ! v9dicator ( only "o ( ! combatants1 n 9 ?is _w (t5 ! victor2 he c\ld n /oma* ! provid5tial sc\ndrels :i* ! bad ta/e ( ,g]many1 & ( ,c>lyle & ,br[n+1 0 wont to glorify4 ,! la/ notable act ( 8 life 0 an illu/ration ( ?is1 :5 he utt]$ a r++ public d5unciation ( ! s9k+ ( ! ,lusitania4 ,or?odox ,hegelians might well h urg$ t "h1 if any:]e1 0 a pla9 case ( ! provid5tial function ( :at1 f a f9ite m]ely moral po9t ( view1 0 an evil 9 ord] to make a high] good possible--! virtue ( ,g]man selfass]tion & ( ,am]ican selfass]tion 9 anti!sis to x1 syn!sis$ 9 ! concrete good ( w> & victory1 or 9 ! p]haps m bless$ good ( defeat4 ,:at c\ld be m unphilosophical & g$ank5los ?an ! intrusion ( m]e morality into ! high] idea ( _wdevelopm5t8 ,0 n ! ,univ]sal ,_s compell$ to bifurcate into j su* ,g]mans & j su* ,am]icans1 9 ord] to atta9 selfconsci\sness by hat+1 fight+ aga9/1 & vanqui%+ itself8 ,c]ta9ly x 0 ,am]ican duty to be angry1 z x 0 ,g]man duty to be ru?less4 ,! ,idea lik$ to see its fight+cocks at x 9 e>ne/1 s9ce t 0 :at x _h br$ !m =2 b bo? 7 good cocks4 ,villa9s1 z ,hegel _h obs]v$ 9 describ+ ,greek trag$y1 7 n less selfju/ifi$ ?an h]oes2 !y 7 simply ! h]oes ( a l[] /age ( culture4 ,am]ica & ,engl& rema9$ at ! /age ( individualism2 ,g]many _h advanc$ to ! high] /age ( organisation4 ,p]haps ?is necess>y w> 0 de/9$1 ?r\gh ! app>5t defeat ( ,g]many1 to br+ ,engl& & ,am]ica up to ! ,g]man level4 ,( c\rse2 & yet someh[1 on ?is occasion1 ,royce pass$ ov] ^! pr(\nd consid]ations1 :i* lifelong habit mu/ h br\ght to 8 lips4 ,a ,socratic demon :isp]$ ,no1 ,no 9 8 e>2 x w\ld h be5 bett] = su* ?+s nev] to be4 ,! murd] ( ^? ?\s& pass5g]s 0 n a provid5tial act1 requisite to spread abroad a vitalis+ w>2 x 0 a crime to execrate altoge!r4 ,x w\ld h be5 bett] = ,hegel1 or :oev] 0 responsible = x1 if a mill/one _h be5 hang$ ab\t 8 neck & he1 & n ^? little ones1 _h be5 dr[n$ at ! bottom ( ! sea4 ,( ?is t]re/rial cockpit ,royce 0 will+ to accept ! agony1 b n ! ignom9y4 ,! o!r cock 0 a wick$ bird4 ,?is hone/ lapse f 8 logic 0 habitual ) him at ! sight ( s91 & s9 9 8 eyes 0 a fe>ful reality4 ,8 consci5ce spoil$ ! pan!i/ic s]5ity ( 8 sy/em2 & :at 0 worse 7= he 0 p]fectly aw>e ( ! contradiction7 x add$ a deep1 almo/ remorseful unre/ to 8 h>d life4 ,:at calm c\ld !re be 9 ! d\ble assurance t x 0 really "r t ?+s %\ld be wrong1 b t x 0 really wrong n to /rive to "r !m8 ,!re 0 no conflict1 he once obs]v$1 betwe5 sci5ce & religion1 b ! real conflict 0 betwe5 religion & morality4 ,!re c\ld inde$ be no conflict 9 8 m9d betwe5 fai? & sci5ce1 because 8 fai? began by accept+ all facts & all sci5tific probabilities 9 ord] to face !m religi\sly4 ,b !re 0 an inv9cible conflict betwe5 religion z he conceiv$ x & morality1 because morality takes sides & reg>ds "o sort ( motive & "o k9d ( result z bett] ?an ano!r1 :]eas religion accord+ to him glori$ 9 ev]y?+1 ev5 9 ! evil1 z fulfill+ ! w ( ,god4 ,( c\rse ! practice ( virtue 0 n exclud$2 x 0 j z ne$ful z evil 0 9 ! s*eme ( ! :ole2 b :ile ! ef=t ( morality 0 requisite1 ! judgem5ts ( morality 7 absurd4 ,n[ ,i ?9k we may say t a man :o f9ds himself 9 su* a position has a divid$ m9d1 & t :ile he has wre/l$ ) ! deepe/ que/ions l a "y giant1 he has n won ! fight4 ,i mean1 he has n se5 8 way to any "o ( ! v>i\s possibilities ab\t ! nature ( ?+s1 b has rema9$ entangl$1 s9c]ely1 nobly1 & pa!tically1 9 contr>y traditions /rong] ?an himself4 ,9 ! goodly company ( philosoph]s he is an intrepid m>tyr4 ,9 metaphysics z 9 morals ,royce p]petually lab\r$ ! same po9ts1 yet !y nev] became cle>2 !y cov]$ a natural complexity 9 ! facts :i* 8 idealism c\ld n dis5tangle4 ,!re 0 a volum9\s confusion 9 8 ?\ght2 "s cle> pr9ciples & ultimate possibilities turn$ up 9 x1 n[ pres5t+ "o face & n[ ano!r1 l *ips c>ri$ d[n a swoll5 /ream2 b ! mo/ p[]ful curr5ts 7 bel[ ! surface1 & ! :ole movem5t 0 h>d to trace4 ,he _h borr[$ f ,hegel a way ( conceiv+ sy/ems ( philosophy1 & also ! elem5ts ( 8 own ?\ght1 :i* did n t5d to cl>ify !m4 ,he did n ?9k ( correct+ :at incoh]5ce !re might rema9 9 any view1 & !n hold+ x 9 res]ve1 z "o ( ! possibilities1 until facts %\ld enable u to decide :e!r x 0 true or n4 ,in/ead he clung to ! incoh]5ce z if x _h be5 ! he>t ( ! position1 9 ord] to be driv5 by x to "s o!r position altoge!r1 s t :ile e view seem$ to be consid]$1 criticis$1 & 9 a measure reta9$ 7s9ce ! argum5t cont9u$ on ! same l9es1 h[ev] ill*os5 !y might h be5 orig9ally71 yet ju/ice 0 nev] done to x2 x 0 nev] cl>ifi$1 made consi/5t ) itself1 & !n accept$ or reject$ 9 view ( ! evid5ce4 ,h5ce a vici\s & p]plex+ sugge/ion t philosophies are br$ out ( philosophies1 n out ( m5 9 ! pres5ce ( ?+s4 ,h5ce too a sophi/ical ef=t to f9d ev]y?+ selfcontradictory1 & 9 "s disquiet+ way bo? true & false1 z if !re 7 n an inf9ite numb] ( p]fectly consi/5t sy/ems :i* ! _w might h illu/rat$4 ,consid]1 = in/ance1 8 *ief & mo/ puzzl+ cont5tion1 t all m9ds are p>ts ( "o m9d4 ,x is easy1 accord+ to ! mean+ we give to ! ^w m9d1 to r5d] ?is ass]tion cle> & true1 or cle> & false1 or cle> & d\btful 7because t\*+ unkn[n facts71 or utt]ly absurd4 ,x is obvi\s t all m9ds are p>ts ( "o flux or sy/em ( exp]i5ces1 z all bodies are p>ts ( "o sy/em ( bodies4 ,aga91 if m9d is id5tifi$ ) its objects1 & p are said to be 8( "o m9d0 :5 !y are ?9k+ ( ! same ?+1 x is c]ta9 t _m m9ds are (t5 id5tical 9 "p1 & !y w\ld all be id5tical ) portions ( an omnisci5t m9d t %\ld p]ceive all t !y sev]ally exp]i5c$4 ,! "q becomes d\btful if :at we mean by on5ess ( m9d is unity ( type2 our in=mation or plausible guesses _c assure u h[ _m sorts ( exp]i5ce may exi/1 or to :at ext5t _! developm5t 7:5 !y develop7 foll[s ! same l9es ( evolution4 ,! animals w\ld h to be consult$1 & ! o!r planets1 & ! inf9ite recesses ( "t4 ,! /raitjacket :i* ,g]man idealism has provid$ is c]ta9ly f> too n>r[ ev5 = ! v>ieties ( human imag9ation4 ,f9ally1 ! ass]tion becomes absurd :5 x is und]/ood to sugge/ t an actual in/ance ( ?9k+1 9 :i* some?+1 say ! exi/5ce ( ,am]ica1 is abs5t or d5i$1 c be "p ( ano!r actual in/ance ( ?9k+ 9 :i* x is pres5t & ass]t$4 ,b ?is :ole me?od ( treat+ ! matt]--& we might add any?+ t obs]vation might w>rant u 9 add+ ab\t multiple p]sonalities--w\ld leave out ! problem t agitat$ ,royce & t bewild]$ 8 read]s4 ,he want$ all m9ds to be "o 9 "s way :i* %\ld be logically & morally necess>y1 & :i* yet1 z he c\ld n help feel+1 0 morally & logically impossible4 ,= pure transc5d5talism1 :i* 0 ,royce's te*nical me?od1 ! "q does n arise at all4 ,transc5d5talism is an attitude or a po9t ( view r ?an z sy/em4 ,its ,absolute is ?9k+ 8z su*10 :]ev] ?\ght may ex]t itself4 ,! notion t !re are sep>ate in/ances ( ?\ght is exclud$1 because space1 "t1 & numb] belong to ! vision>y _w posit$ by ?\ght1 n to ! function ( ?9k+2 individuals are figm5ts ( con/ructive fancy1 z are mat]ial objects4 ,! /ress ( moral be+ is ! same :]ev] x may fall1 & !re are no f9ite selves1 or relations betwe5 ?9k]s2 also no inf9ite self1 because on ?is pr9ciple ! ,absolute is n an exi/5t be+1 a psy*ological mon/]1 b a /ation or (fice2 its ess5ce is a task4 ,actual ?9k+ is !re=e nev] a "p ( ! ,absolute1 b always ! ,absolute itself4 ,?9k]s1 f9ite or inf9ite1 w\ld be exi/+ p]sons or masses ( feel+s2 su* ?+s are dreamt ( only4 ,any sy/em ( exi/5ces1 any tru? or matt] ( fact wait+ to be recognis$1 contradicts ! transc5d5tal insight & /ultifies x4 ,! allinclusive m9d is my m9d z ,i ?9k1 m9d 9 its liv+ function1 & beyond t philosophy _c g4 ,royce1 h[ev]1 :ile (t5 reason+ on ?is pr9ciple1 0 incapable ( n go+ beyond x1 or ( always rememb]+ x4 ,he c\ld n help believ+ t con/ructive fancy n only feigns individuals & in/ances ( ?\ght1 b is actually seat$ 9 !m4 ,! ,absolute1 = in/ance1 mu/ be n m]ely ! ab/ract subject or transc5d5tal self 9 all ( u 7al?\gh x 0 t too71 b an actual syn!tic univ]sal m9d1 ! ,god ( ,ari/otle & ( ,*ri/ian !ology4 ,nor 0 x easy = ,royce1 a s9c]e s\l & a fri5d ( ,william ,james1 n to be a social reali/2 ,i mean1 n to admit t !re are _m collat]al human m9ds1 9 temporal exi/5tial relations to "o ano!r1 any ( :i* may influ5ce ano!r1 b nev] supplant x nor mat]ially include x4 ,f9ite exp]i5ce 0 n a m]e elem5t 9 inf9ite exp]i5ce2 x 0 a tragic totality 9 itself4 ,i 0 n ,god look+ at myself1 ,i 0 myself look+ = ,god4 ,yet ?is /ra9 0 utt]ly incompatible ) ! pr9ciples ( transc5d5talism2 x turn$ philosophy into a simple anticipation ( sci5ce1 if n into an indulg5ce 9 lit]>y psy*ology4 ,k w\ld !n h be5 only fai? leap+ across ! *asm ( coexi/5ce & guess+ ! pres5ce & nature ( :at surr\nds u by "s h9t ( mat]ial influ5ce or bro!rly aff9ity4 ,bo? ! cr$ulity & ! f9ality :i* su* naturalism implies 7 (f5sive to ,royce1 & contr>y to 8 sceptical & my/ical in/9cts4 ,0 !re "s middle c\rse8 ,! audi5ce 9 a !atre /& 9 a transc5d5tal relation to ! p]sons & ev5ts 9 ! play4 ,! p]=mance may take place today & la/ "o h\r1 :ile ! fable transports u to "s h]oic epo* or to an age t nev] exi/$1 & /ret*es ?r\gh days & p]haps ye>s ( fanci$ "t4 ,j s transc5d5tal ?9k+1 :ile actually timeless & n di/ribut$ among p]sons1 might survey inf9ite "t & rehe>se ! passions & ?\ghts ( a ?\s& *>act]s4 ,?\ght1 aft] all1 ne$s objects1 h[ev] fictiti\s & ideal !y may be2 x c\ld n ?9k if x ?\ght no?+4 ,?is indisp5sable _w ( appe>ance is f> m int]e/+ ?an ! reality t evokes x2 ! qualities & divisions f\nd 9 ! appe>ance div]sify ! monoton\s function ( pure ?9k+ & r5d] x concrete4 ,in/ances ( ?\ght & p>ticul> m9ds may ?us be introduc$ consi/5tly into a transc5d5tal sy/em1 provid$ !y are di/+ui%$ n by _! own times & places1 b only by _! !mes4 ,! transc5d5tal m9d w\ld be a pure poet1 ) no e>?ly life1 b liv+ only 9 8 works1 & 9 ! times & p]sons ( 8 fable4 ,?is view1 firmly & consi/5tly held1 w\ld des]ve ! "n ( absolute idealism1 :i* ,royce lik$ to give to 8 own sy/em4 ,b he /ruggl$ to fuse x ) social realism1 ) :i* x is radically incompatible4 ,p>ticul> m9ds & ! :ole process ( "t1 = absolute idealism1 are ideas only2 !y are ?\ght ( & survey$1 !y nev] ?9k or lapse actually4 ,= ?is reason g5u9e ideali/s c speak s glibly ( ! m9d ( a nation or an age4 ,x is j z real & unreal to !m z ! m9d ( an individual2 = )9 ! human individual !y c trace unities t run ?r\gh & beyond him1 s t p>ts ( him1 id5tical ) p>ts ( o!r p1 =m units z liv+ z himself2 = x is all a web ( !mes1 n a conc\rse ( exi/5ces4 ,?is is ! v ess5ce & pride ( idealism1 t k is n k ( ! _w b is ! _w itself1 & t ! units ( disc\rse1 :i* are int]wov5 & cross$ units1 are ! only individuals 9 be+4 ,y may call !m p]sons1 because 8p]son0 means a mask2 b y _c call !m s\ls4 ,!y are knots 9 ! web ( hi/ory4 ,!y are words 9 _! context1 & ! only _s 9 !m is ! s5se !y h = me4 ,royce1 h[ev]1 9 say+ all ?is1 also wi%$ n to say x1 & 8 two ?ick volumes on ,! ,_w & ! ,individual leave _! subject wrapp$ 9 utt] obscurity4 ,p]ceiv+ ! fact :5 he _h f9i%$1 he v *>act]i/ically add$ a 8,supplem5t>y ,essay0 ( a hundr$ m pages1 9 f9] pr9t1 9 :i* to come to ! po9t4 ,imag9e1 he said1 an absolutely exhau/ive map ( ,engl& spread out ^u ,engli% soil4 ,! map w\ld be a "p ( ,engl&1 yet w\ld reproduce e feature ( ,engl&1 includ+ itself2 s t ! map w\ld reappe> on a small] scale )9 itself an inf9ite numb] ( times1 l a mirror reflect$ 9 a mirror4 ,9 ?is way we might be individuals )9 a l>g] individual1 & no less actual & complete ?an he4 ,does ?is solve ! problem8 ,if we take ! illu/ration z x /&s1 !re is /ill only "o individual 9 exi/5ce1 ! mat]ial ,engl&1 all ! maps be+ p>ts ( its s+le surface2 nor w x at all resemble ! maps1 s9ce x w be wa%$ by ! sea & surr\nd$ by =eign nations1 & n1 l ! maps1 by o!r ,engl&s envelop+ x4 ,if1 on ! contr>y1 we equalise ! /atus ( all ! memb]s ( ! s]ies1 by mak+ x inf9ite 9 bo? directions1 !n !re w\ld be no ,engl& at all1 b only map )9 map ( ,engl&4 ,!re w\ld be no absolute m9d inclusive b n includ$1 & ! ,absolute w\ld be ! s]ies z a :ole1 utt]ly diff]5t f any ( its memb]s4 ,x w\ld be a s]ies :ile !y 7 maps1 a tru? :ile !y 7 m9ds2 & if ! ,absolute f ! beg9n+ _h be5 reg>d$ z a tru? only1 !re nev] w\ld h be5 any difficulty 9 ! exi/5ce ( individuals "u x4 ,moreov]1 if ! individuals are all exactly alike1 does n _! exact simil>ity defeat ! :ole purpose ( ! speculation1 :i* 0 to v9dicate ! equal reality ( ! :ole & ( its limit$ p>ts8 ,& if ea* ( u1 liv+ ?r\gh inf9ite "t1 goes ?r\gh precisely ! same exp]i5ces z e "o else1 :y ?is va9 repetition8 ,is x n en\gh = ?is insatiable _w to live its life once8 ,:y n admit solipsism & be true to ! transc5d5tal me?od8 ,because ( consci5ce & good s5se8 ,b !n ! inf9ite s]ies ( maps is useless1 ,engl& is h]self aga91 & ! prospect op5s be=e u ( an inf9ite numb] ( supplem5t>y essays4 ,royce sometimes felt t he might h turn$ 8 h& to o!r ?+s ?an philosophy4 ,he once wrote a novel1 & its want ( success 0 a sil5t disappo9tm5t to him4 ,p]haps he might h be5 a great musician4 ,complexity1 repetitions1 vagu5ess1 endlessness are h>dly virtues 9 writ+ or ?9k+1 b 9 music !y might h swell$ & swell$ into a real sublimity1 all ! m t he 0 pati5t1 _h a volum9\s me&]+ memory1 & lov$ te*nical devices4 ,b r ?an a musician--= he 0 no arti/--he resembl$ "s greathe>t$ m$ival peasant visit$ by my/ical prompt+s1 :om ! monks %\ld h adopt$ & all[$ to br[se among _! !ological folios2 a ,duns ,scotus e>ne/ & /udi\s to a fault1 n hav+ ! lightness ( s\l to despise ^? elaborate sophi/ries1 yet m9d$ to f]ret out _! secret = himself & walk by 8 inw>d light4 ,8 0 a go?ic & s*ola/ic _s1 int5t on devis+ & solv+ puzzles1 & hon\r+ ,god 9 sy/ematic works1 l ! coral insect or ! spid]2 ev5tually creat+ a fabric t 9 its homely intricacy & fulness arre/$ & mov$ ! he>t1 ! web ( x 0 s va/1 & s full ( my/]y & ye>n+4 ,,*apt] ,v--,,lat] ,,speculations ,a "q :i* is curi\s 9 itself & may become important 9 ! future is ?is3 ,h[ has migration to ! new _w affect$ philosophical ideas8 ,at fir/ sight we might be tempt$1 p]haps1 to dismiss ?is "q altoge!r1 on ! gr\nd t no su* effect is disc]nible4 ,= :at d we f9d 9 ,am]ica 9 ! guise ( philosophy8 ,9 ! backgr\nd1 ! same ,prote/ant !ology z 9 ,europe & ! same ,ca?olic !ology2 on ! surface1 ! same adoption ( ,g]man idealism1 ! same vogue ( evolution1 ! same psy*ology becom+ metaphysics1 & lately ! same revival ( a ma!matical or logical realism4 ,9 no case has ! fir/ expression ( ^! v>i\s t5d5cies appe>$ 9 ,am]ica1 & no orig9al sy/em t ,i "k ( has aris5 !re4 ,x w\ld seem1 !n1 t 9 philosophy1 z 9 lett]s g5]ally1 polite ,am]ica has cont9u$ ! common tradition ( ,*ri/5dom1 9 pa?s closely p>allel to ^? foll[$ 9 ,engl&2 & t mod]n speculation1 :i* is s v s5sitive to *ang$ times1 is q indiff]5t to di/9ctions ( place4 ,p]haps2 b ,i say advis$ly polite ,am]ica1 = )\t ?is qualification :at ,i h be5 sugge/+ w\ld h>dly be true4 ,polite ,am]ica c>ri$ ov] its h\sehold gods f puritan ,engl& 9 a _s ( consecration1 & x has always wi%$ to rema9 9 communion ) :atev] its consci5ce might value 9 ! re/ ( ! _w4 ,yet x has be5 cut (f by di/ance & by revolution>y prejudice aga9/ ?+s anci5t or =eign2 & x has be5 disconc]t$ at ! same "t by ! ins5sible %ift+ ( ! gr\nd "u its feet3 x has suff]$ f 9bre$+ & anmia4 ,on ! o!r h&1 a crude b vital ,am]ica has sprung up f ! soil1 und]m9+1 fe$+1 & trans=m+ ! ,am]ica ( tradition4 ,?is "y ,am]ica 0 orig9ally compos$ ( all ! prodigals1 truants1 & adv5tur\s spirits t ! colonial families produc$3 x 0 f$ cont9ually by ! y\ng] g5]ation1 born 9 a spaci\s1 halfempty _w1 t5d+ to =get ! old /rait5$ morality & to replace x by ano!r1 q jovially human4 ,?is truly native ,am]ica 0 re9=c$ by ! miscellany ( ,europe arriv+ lat]1 n 9 ! hope ( f\nd+ a godly commonweal?1 b only ( prosp]+ 9 an untrammell$ "o4 ,! horde ( immigrants eag]ly accepts ! ext]nal arrangem5ts & social _s ( ,am]ican life1 b nev] he>s ( its orig9al au/]e pr9ciples1 or relegates !m to ! same will+ oblivion z x does ! con/ra9ts :i* x has j escap$--,jewi%1 ,iri%1 ,g]man1 ,italian1 or :atev] !y may be4 ,we %\ld be s]i\sly deceiv$ if we ov]look$ = a mom5t ! curi\s & complex relation betwe5 ^! two ,am]icas4 ,let me give "o illu/ration4 ,pr(essor ,norton1 ! fri5d ( ,c>lyle1 ( ,burne,jones1 & ( ,mat!w ,arnold1 &1 = ! matt] ( t1 ! fri5d ( ev]ybody1 a mo/ urbane1 le>n$1 & exquisite _s1 0 desc5d$ f a long l9e ( typical ,new ,engl& div9es3 yet he 0 l\dly accus$1 9 public & 9 private1 ( be+ un,am]ican4 ,on ! o!r h&1 a ,fr5*man ( ripe judgem5t1 :o knew him p]fectly1 once said to me3 8,norton w\ldn't l to he> x1 b he is a t]rible ,yankee40 ,bo? judgem5ts 7 well gr\nd$4 ,pr(essor ,norton's m9d 0 deeply moralis$1 discrim9at+1 & sad2 & ^! qualities rightly seem$ ,am]ican to ! ,fr5* obs]v] ( ,new ,engl&1 b !y rightly seem$ un,am]ican to ! politician f ,wa%+ton4 ,philosophical op9ion 9 ,am]ica is ( c\rse root$ 9 ! g5teel tradition4 ,x is ei!r inspir$ by religi\s fai?1 & design$ to def5d x1 or else x is creat$ some:at artificially 9 ! l>g] univ]sities1 by delib]ately propos+ problems :i*1 )\t be+ v press+ to mo/ ,am]icans1 are suppos$ to be necess>y problems ( ?\ght4 ,yet if y expect$ academic philosoph]s 9 ,am]ica1 because ! backgr\nd ( _! m9ds seems p]functory1 to resemble academic philosoph]s else:]e1 y w\ld be (t5 mi/ak54 ,!re is no prig's p>adise 9 ^? regions4 ,_m ( ! y\ng] pr(essors ( philosophy are no long] ! sort ( p]sons t might z well h be5 cl]gym5 or s*oolma/]s3 !y h r ! type ( m9d ( a doctor1 an eng9e]1 or a social re=m]2 ! wideawake "y man :o c d mo/ ?+s bett] ?an old p1 & :o kn[s x4 ,he is less eloqu5t & apo/olic ?an ! old] g5]ation ( philosoph]s1 v pr(essional 9 tone & consci\s ( 8 ,fa*2 n t he w\ld d5y = a mom5t ! _msid$ ignorance to :i* n[adays we are all r$uc$1 b t he ?9ks he c get on v well )\t ! ?+s he ignores4 ,8 education has be5 m pret5ti\s ?an ?or\gh2 8 /yle is deplorable2 social pressure & 8 own great eag]ness h condemn$ him to ov]"w1 committee meet+s1 e>ly m>riage1 premature au?or%ip1 & lectur+ two or ?ree times a day "u =c$ draught4 ,he has no peace 9 himself1 no w9d[ op5 to a calm horizon1 & 9 8 he>t p]haps little ta/e = m]e s*ol>%ip or pure speculation4 ,yet1 l ! pla9 soldi] /agg]+ "u 8 clumsy equipm5t1 he is *e]ful2 he keeps 8 fai? 9 himself & 9 8 allott$ "w1 puts up ) be+ toa/$ only on "o side1 rema9s op5m9d$1 :olehe>t$1 appreciative1 helpful1 confid5t ( ! future ( goodness & ( sci5ce4 ,9 a ^w1 he is a cell 9 t teem+ democratic body2 he draws f its w>m1 contagi\s activities ! sanctions ( 8 own life &1 less consci\sly1 ! _s ( 8 philosophy4 ,x is evid5t t su* m9ds w h b a loose hold on tradition1 ev5 on ! g5teel tradition 9 ,am]ican philosophy4 ,n t 9 g5]al !y oppose or dislike x2 _! ali5ation f x is m radical2 !y =get x4 ,religion 0 ! backbone ( t tradition1 & t[>ds religion1 9 s f> z x is a private s5tim5t or presumption1 !y feel a t5d] respect2 b 9 s f> z religion is a political in/itution1 seek+ to co]ce ! m9d & ! consci5ce1 "o w\ld ?9k !y _h nev] he>d ( x4 ,!y feel x is z mu* e "o's "r to *oose & *]i% a religion z to *oose & *]i% a wife1 )\t hav+ 8 *oice rudely comm5t$ ^u 9 public4 ,hi!rto ,am]ica has be5 ! l& ( univ]sal goodw1 confid5ce 9 life1 inexp]i5ce ( poisons4 ,until ye/]day x believ$ itself immune f ! h]$it>y plagues ( mank9d4 ,x c\ld n cr$it ! dang] ( be+ suffocat$ or infect$ by any s9i/] pr9ciple4 ,! m errors & passions 7 ?r[n into ! melt+pot1 ! m c]ta9ly w\ld !y neutralise "o ano!r & w\ld tru? come to ! top4 ,e sy/em 0 met ) a frank gaze4 8,come on10 p seem$ to say to x1 8%[ u :at y are good =4 ,we accept no claims2 we ask = no cr$5tials2 we j give y a *ance4 ,plato1 ! ,pope1 & ,mrs4 ,eddy %all h "o vote ea*40 ,aft] all1 ,i am n sure t ?is tol]ation )\t def]5ce is n a cruel te/ = sy/ematic delusions3 x lets ! daylight into ! /age4 ,philosophic tradition 9 ,am]ica has m]g$ almo/ completely 9 ,g]man idealism4 ,9 a c]ta9 s5se ?is sy/em did n ne$ to be adopt$3 some?+ v l x _h gr[n up spontane\sly 9 ,new ,engl& 9 ! =m ( transc5d5talism & unit>ian !ology4 ,ev5 ! mo/ emancipat$ & positivi/ic ( ! late/ ?9k]s--pragmati/s1 new reali/s1 pure empirici/s--h be5 br$ 9 ! atmosph]e ( ,g]man idealism2 & ?is fact %\ld n be =gott5 9 approa*+ _! views4 ,! elem5t ( ?is philosophy :i* has sunk deepe/1 & :i* is re9=c$ by ! influ5ce ( psy*ology1 is ! critical attitude t[>ds k1 subjectivism1 )drawal into exp]i5ce1 on ! assumption t exp]i5ce is some?+ sub/antial4 ,exp]i5ce 0 reg>d$ by e>li] empirici/s z a me?od = mak+ real discov]ies1 a saf] witness ?an reason+ to :at might exi/ 9 nature2 b n[ exp]i5ce is tak5 to be 9 itself ! only real exi/5ce1 ! ultimate object t all ?\ght & !ory mu/ reg>d4 ,?is empiricism does n look to ! build+ up ( sci5ce1 b r to a m ?or\gh criticism & dis9tegration ( conv5tional beliefs1 ^? ( empirical sci5ce includ$4 ,x is 9 ! intrepid prosecution ( ?is criticism & dis9tegration t ,am]ican philosophy has won its w+s4 ,x may seem a /range ,nemesis t a critical philosophy1 :i* on pr9ciple r$uces ev]y?+ to ! consci\sness ( x1 %\ld end by r$uc+ consci\sness itself to o!r ?+s2 yet ! pa? ( ?is boom]ang is n h>d to trace4 ,! ^w consci\sness orig9ally meant :at ,desc>tes call$ ?\ght or cogitation--! faculty :i* att5tion has ( view+ toge!r objects :i* may belong toge!r nei!r 9 _! logical ess5ce nor 9 _! natural exi/5ce4 ,x col\rs ev5ts ) memories & facts ) emotions1 & adds images to words4 ,?is syn!tic & transitive function ( consci\sness is a positive fact ab\t x1 to be discov]$ by /udy1 l any o!r some:at recondite fact4 ,y w discov] x if y in/itute a c>eful comp>ison & contra/ betwe5 ! way ?+s hang toge!r 9 ?\ght & ! way !y hang toge!r 9 nature4 ,to h disc]n$ ! wond]ful p]spectives bo? ( imag9ation & ( w seems to me ! *ief s]vice done to philosophy by ,kant & 8 foll[]s4 ,x is ! positive1 ! nonmalici\s elem5t 9 _! speculation2 & 9 ! mid/ ( _! psy*ologism 9 logic & _! egotism ab\t nature & hi/ory1 consci\sness seems to be ! "o prov9ce ( be+ :i* !y h ?r[n true light ^u4 ,b j because ?is is a positive prov9ce ( be+1 an actual exi/5ce to be discov]$ & dogmatically believ$ 91 x is n :at a malici\s criticism ( k c end )4 ,n ! nature ( consci\sness1 b ! data ( consci\sness1 are :at ! critic mu/ fall back ^u 9 ! la/ resort2 & ,hume _h be5 9 ?is respect a m p5etrat+ critic ?an ,kant4 ,"o _c1 by inspect+ consci\sness1 f9d consci\sness itself z a passive datum1 because consci\sness is cogitation2 "o c only take note ( ! imm$iate objects ( consci\sness1 9 su* private p]spective z s5se or imag9ation may pres5t4 ,philosophy seems to be ri*] 9 !ories ?an 9 words to express !m 92 & mu* confusion results f ! necessity ( us+ old t]ms 9 new mean+s4 ,9 ?is way1 :5 consci\sness is disreg>d$1 9 ! prop] s5se ( cogitation1 ! "n ( consci\sness c be transf]r$ to ! /ream ( objects imm$iately pres5t to consci\sness2 s t consci\sness comes to signify ! evolv+ field ( appe>ances unroll$ be=e any p]son4 ,?is equivocation is fav\r$ by ! alli$ ambiguity ( an ev5 common] t]m1 idea4 ,x is plausible to say t consci\sness is a /ream ( ideas1 because an idea may mean an op9ion1 a cogitation1 a view tak5 ( "s object4 ,& x is also plausible to say t ideas are objects ( consci\sness1 because an idea may mean an image1 a passive datum4 ,passive data may be ( any sort y l--?+s1 qualities1 relations1 propositions--b !y are nev] cogitations2 & to call !m consci\sness or compon5ts ( consci\sness is false & inexcusable4 ,! ideas t may be s call$ are n ^! passive objects1 b active ?\ghts4 ,inde$1 :5 ! psy*ological critic has made ?is false /ep1 he is n able to halt3 8 me?od w c>ry him pres5tly f ?is position to "o ev5 m p>adoxical4 ,is memory k ( a pa/ t is itself abs5t & dead1 or is x a pres5t exp]i5ce8 ,a complete philosophy w\ld d\btless reply t x is bo?2 b psy*ological criticism c take cognisance ( memory only z a mass ( pres5t images & presumptions4 ,! exp]i5ce rememb]$ may inde$ be exactly recov]$ & be pres5t aga92 b ! fact t x 0 pres5t be=e _c possibly be giv5 n[2 x c only be sugge/$ & believ$4 ,x is evid5t1 !re=e1 t ! hi/orical ord] 9 :i* data fl[ is n conta9$ bodily 9 any "o ( !m4 ,?is ord] is conceiv$2 ! hypo!sis is fram$ in/9ctively & in/9ctively cr$it$1 b x is only an hypo!sis4 ,& x is (t5 wrong1 z is prov$ by all ! con/itutional errors ( memory & leg5d4 ,belief 9 ! ord] ( our p]sonal exp]i5ces is accord+ly j z dogmatic1 d>+1 & reali/ic z ! p>allel belief 9 a mat]ial _w4 ,! psy*ological critic mu/ attribute bo? beliefs to a m]e t5d5cy to feign2 & if he is true to 8 me?od he mu/ disc>d ! notion t ! objects ( consci\sness are arrang$ 9 psy*ological sequ5ces1 mak+ up sep>ate m9ds4 ,9 o!r words1 he mu/ disc>d ! notion ( consci\sness1 n only 9 ! s5se ( ?\ght or cogitation1 b 9 ! s5se he himself _h giv5 x ( a /ream ( ideas4 ,actual objects1 he w n[ admit1 n )\t a c]ta9 surprise1 are n ideas at all3 !y d n lie 9 ! m9d 7= !re is no m9d to be f\nd7 b 9 ! m$ium t obs]vably surr\nds !m4 ,?+s are j :at !y seem to be1 & to say !y are consci\sness or compose a consci\sness is absurd4 ,! scall$ appe>ances1 accord+ to a p]fect$ criticism ( k1 are no?+ private or int]nal2 !y are m]ely ^? portions ( ext]nal objects :i* f "t to "t impress !mselves on somebody's organs ( s5se & are respond$ to by 8 n]v\s sy/em4 ,su* is ! doctr9e ( ! new ,am]ican reali/s1 9 ^: devot$ p]sons ! logic ( idealism has work$ itself out & appropriately turn$ idealism itself into its opposite4 ,consci\sness1 !y began by say+1 is m]ely a /ream ( ideas2 b !n ideas are m]ely ! p>ts ( objects :i* happ5 to appe> to a giv5 p]son2 b aga91 a p]son 7= all y or he c discov]7 is no?+ b 8 body & ^? p>ts ( o!r objects :i* appe> to him2 &1 f9ally1 to appe>1 9 any discov]able s5se1 _c be to h a gho/ly sort ( m5tal exi/5ce1 b m]ely to be react$ ^u by an animal body4 ,?us we come to ! conclusion t objects alone exi/1 & t consci\sness is a "n = c]ta9 segm5ts or gr\ps ( ^! objects4 ,i ?9k we may conjecture :y ?is />tl+ conclusion1 t consci\sness does n exi/1 a conclusion sugge/$ some:at hurri$ly by ,william ,james1 has f\nd a consid]able e*o 9 ,am]ica1 & :y ! sy/em ( ,av5>ius1 :i* makes 9 ! same direction1 has be5 /udi$ !re sympa!tically4 ,to d5y consci\sness is to d5y a prerequisite to ! obvi\s1 & to leave ! obvi\s /&+ alone4 ,t is a relief to an ov]tax$ & selfimp$$ g5]ation2 x seems a bless$ simplification4 ,x gets rid ( ! undemocratic notion t by be+ v reflective1 circumspect1 & subtle y might discov] some?+ t mo/ p d n see4 ,!y c g on m m]rily ) _! "w if !y believe t by be+ s subtle1 circumspect1 & reflective y w\ld only discov] a m>e's ne/4 ,! elim9ation ( consci\sness n only re/ores ! obvi\s1 b proves all p>ts ( ! obvi\s to be equally real4 ,n only col\rs1 beauties1 & passions1 b all ?+s =m]ly suspect$ ( be+ creatures ( ?\ght1 su* z laws1 relations1 & ab/ract qualities1 n[ become compon5ts ( ! exi/+ object1 s9ce !re is no long] any m5tal vehicle by :i* !y might h be5 creat$ & int]pos$4 ,! "y ,am]ican is ?us reassur$3 8 joy 9 liv+ & le>n+ is no long] *ill$ by ! contempt :i* idealism us$ to ca/ on nature = be+ imag9>y & on sci5ce = be+ intellectual4 ,all fictions & all ab/ractions are n[ decl>$ to be p>cels ( ! objective _w2 x w suffice to live on1 to live =w>d1 9 ord] to see ev]y?+ z x really is4 ,if we look n[ at ^! matt]s f a slightly diff]5t angle1 we %all f9d psy*ological criticism trans=m+ ! notion ( tru? mu* z x has trans=m$ ! notion ( consci\sness4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 !re is a simil> ambiguity 9 ! t]m4 ,! tru? prop]ly means ! sum ( all true propositions1 :at omnisci5ce w\ld ass]t1 ! :ole ideal sy/em ( qualities & relations :i* ! _w has exemplifi$ or w exemplify4 ,! tru? is all ?+s se5 "u ! =m ( et]nity4 ,9 ?is s5se1 a psy*ological criticism _c be p]t95t to ! tru? at all1 ! tru? n be+ any?+ psy*ological or human4 ,x is an ideal realm ( be+ prop]ly en\gh n discuss$ by psy*ologi/s2 yet s f> z ,i "k x is d5i$ by nobody1 n ev5 by ,protagoras or ! pragmati/s4 ,if ,protagoras said t :atev] appe>s to any man at any mom5t is true1 he d\btless meant true on t subject1 true ( t appe>ance3 because = a s5suali/ objects d n ext5d beyond :at he sees ( !m1 s t ea* ( 8 p]ceptions def9es its :ole object & is infallible4 ,b 9 t case ! tru? ab\t ! univ]se is evid5tly t x is compos$ ( ^! v>i\s s5sations1 ea* c>ry+ an op9ion impossible = x to ab&on or to revise1 s9ce to revise ! op9ion w\ld simply be to br+ a fre% object into view4 ,! tru? w\ld fur!r be t ^! s5sations & op9ions /& to "o ano!r 9 c]ta9 def9ite relations ( div]sity1 succession1 duration1 et ct]a1 :e!r any ( !m happ5s to ass]t ^! relations or n4 ,9 ! same way1 ,i _c f9d t our contempor>y pragmati/s1 9 giv+ _! acc\nt ( :at tru? is 79 a diff]5t & q ab/ract s5se ( ! ^w tru?71 h ev] d\bt$1 or s mu* z notic$1 :at 9 all _! ?9k+ !y evid5tly assume to be ! actual & concrete tru?3 namely1 t !re are _m /ates ( m9d1 _m lab\r+ op9ions m or less useful & good1 :i* actually lead to o!rs1 m or less expect$ & satisfactory4 ,surely e pragmati/1 l e ?9k+ man1 always assumes ! reality ( an actual tru?1 compreh5sive & l>gely undiscov]$1 ( :i* he claims to be report+ a portion4 ,:at he r confus+ly calls tru?1 & wi%es to r$uce to a pragmatic function1 is n ?is und]ly+ tru?1 ! sum ( all true propositions1 b m]ely ! ab/ract quality :i* all true propositions mu/ h 9 common1 to be call$ true4 ,by tru? he means only correctness4 ,! possibility ( correctness 9 an idea is a great puzzle to him1 on acc\nt ( 8 idealism1 :i* id5tifies ideas ) _! objects2 & he asks himself h[ an idea c ev] come to be correct or incorrect1 z if x ref]r$ to some?+ beyond itself4 ,! fact is1 ( c\rse1 t an idea c be correct or incorrect only if by ! ^w idea we mean n a datum b an op9ion2 & ! ab/ract relation ( correctness1 by virtue ( :i* any op9ion is true1 is easily /at$4 ,an op9ion is true if :at x is talk+ ab\t is con/itut$ z ! op9ion ass]ts x to be con/itut$4 ,to te/ ?is correctness may be difficult or ev5 impossible 9 p>ticul> cases2 9 ! end we may be r$uc$ to believ+ on in/9ct t our fundam5tal op9ions are true2 = in/ance1 t we are liv+ ?r\gh "t1 & t ! pa/ & future are n1 z a consi/5t idealism w\ld ass]t1 m]e notions 9 ! pres5t4 ,b :at r5d]s su* in/9ctive op9ions true1 if !y are true1 is ! fact affirm$ be+ z x is affirm$ to be4 ,x is n a "q ( simil>ity or d]ivation betwe5 a passive datum & a hidd5 object2 x is a "q ( id5tity betwe5 ! fact ass]t$ & ! fact exi/+4 ,if an op9ion c\ld n freely leap to its object1 no matt] h[ di/ant or hypo!tical1 & ass]t some?+ ( t *os5 object1 an op9ion c\ld n be s mu* z wrong2 = x w\ld n be an op9ion ab\t any?+4 ,psy*ologi/s1 h[ev]1 are n conc]n$ ) :at an op9ion ass]ts logically1 b only ) :at x is exi/5tially2 !y are ask+ :at exi/5tial relations surr\nd an idea :5 x is call$ true :i* are abs5t :5 x is call$ false4 ,_! problem is frankly insoluble2 = x requires u to discov] :at makes up ! indicative =ce ( an idea :i* by hypo!sis is a passive datum2 z if a gramm>ian %\ld inquire h[ a n\n 9 ! accusative case c\ld be a v]b 9 ! indicative mood4 ,x 0 n idly t ,william ,james d$icat$ 8 book on ,pragmatism to ! memory ( ,john ,/u>t ,mill4 ,! pr9ciple ( psy*ological empiricism is to look = ! elem5ts employ$ 9 ?9k+1 & to conclude t ?\ght is no?+ b ^? elem5ts arrang$ 9 a c]ta9 ord]4 ,x is true t s9ce ! days ( ,mill analysis has some:at ext5d$ ! inv5tory ( ^! elem5ts1 s z to include among simples1 besides ! data ( ! five s5ses1 su* ?+s z feel+s ( relation1 s5sations ( movem5t1 vague illfocus$ images1 & p]haps ev5 telepa?ic & in/9ctive intuitions4 ,b "s s]ies or gr\p ( ^! imm$iate data1 kept 9 _! crude imm$iacy1 mu/ accord+ to ?is me?od furni% ! :ole answ] to our "q3 ! suppos$ p[] ( an idea to h an object beyond itself1 or to be true ( any o!r fact1 mu/ be m]ely a "n = a c]ta9 position :i* ! giv5 elem5t occupies 9 relation to o!r elem5ts 9 ! r\t9e ( exp]i5ce4 ,k & tru? mu/ be =ms ( contiguity & succession4 ,we mu/ n be surpris$1 "u ^! circum/ances1 if ! problem is %ift$1 & ano!r some:at ak9 to x takes its place1 ) :i* ! *os5 me?od c really cope4 ,?is subt]fuge is n volunt>y2 x is an in/9ctive effect ( fidelity to a po9t ( view :i* has its special validity1 ?\gh naturally n applicable 9 e sph]e4 ,we d n obs]ve t politicians ab&on _! p>ty :5 x happ5s to h br\ght tr\ble ^u ! c\ntry2 _! de/9y z politicians is precisely to make effective all ! consequ5ces1 good or evil1 :i* _! p>ty policy may involve4 ,s x w\ld be too mu* to expect a s*ool ( philosoph]s to ab&on _! me?od because !re are problems x _c solve2 _! bus9ess is r to apply _! me?od to ev]y?+ to :i* x c possibly be appli$2 & :5 !y h rea*$ t limit1 ! v mo/ we c ask1 if !y are sup]humanly mode/ & wise1 is t !y %\ld make way gracefully = ano!r s*ool ( philosoph]s4 ,n[ !re is a problem1 n impossible to confuse ) ! problem ( correctness 9 ideas1 ) :i* psy*ological criticism c really deal2 x is ! "q ( ! relation betwe5 a sign & ! ?+ signifi$4 ,( ?is relation a g5u9ely empirical acc\nt c be giv52 bo? t]ms are objects ( exp]i5ce1 pres5t or ev5tual1 & ! passage betwe5 !m is made 9 "t by an exp]i5c$ transition4 ,nor ne$ ! signs :i* lead to a p>ticul> object be always ! same1 or ( "o sort2 an object may be designat$ & ann\nc$ unequivocally by a v]bal description1 )\t any direct image1 or by images n[ ( "o s5se & n[ ( ano!r1 or by "s ext]nal relation1 su* z its place1 or by its prop] "n1 if x possesses "o2 & ^! designations all convey k ( x & may be true signs1 if 9 yield+ to _! sugge/ion we are br\ght ev5tually to ! object meant4 ,"h1 if ,i am n mi/ak51 is ! g5u9e application ( :at ! pragmati/s call _! !ory ( tru?4 ,x conc]ns m]ely :at l9ks a sign to ! ?+ signifi$1 & r5d]s x a practical sub/itute = ! same4 ,b ?is empirical analysis ( signification has be5 entangl$ ) m or less haz>d\s views ab\t tru?1 su* z t an idea is true s long z x is believ$ to be true1 or t x is true if x is good & useful1 or t x is n true until x is v]ifi$4 ,?is la/ sugge/ion %[s :at /range rev]sals a wayw>d p]sonal philosophy may be subject to4 ,empiricism us$ to mean reliance on ! pa/2 n[ app>5tly all empirical tru? reg>ds only ! future1 s9ce tru? is said to arise by ! v]ification ( "s presumption4 ,presumptions ab\t ! pa/ c evid5tly nev] be v]ifi$2 at be/ !y may be corroborat$ by fre% presumptions ab\t ! pa/1 equally dep5d5t = _! tru? on a v]ification :i* 9 ! nature ( ! case is impossible4 ,at ?is po9t ! truly c\rage\s empirici/ w p]haps say t ! real pa/ only means ! ideas ( ! pa/ :i* we %all =m 9 ! future4 ,consi/5cy is a jewel2 &1 z 9 ! case ( o!r jewels1 we may m>vel at ! price t "s p w pay = x4 ,9 any case1 we are l$ to ?is curi\s result3 t radical empiricism ought to d5y t any idea ( ! pa/ c be true at all4 ,su* dissolv+ views1 really some:at l ^? attribut$ to ,protagoras1 d n re/ on sob] psy*ological analysis3 !y express r a c]ta9 impati5ce & a c]ta9 despair+ democracy 9 ! field ( op9ion4 ,great are ! joys ( ha/e & ( radicalism1 & "y philosoph]s mu/ n be depriv$ ( !m4 ,we may ! m ju/ly pass ov] ^! small sc&als ( pragmatism 9 t ,william ,james & 8 ,am]ican disciples h h>dly c>$ to def5d !m1 b h turn$ decid$ly 9 ! direction ( a univ]sal objectivism4 ,! _s ( ^! radical views is n at all negative3 x is hopeful1 revolution>y1 inspir$ entirely by love ( c]titude & cle>ness4 ,x is v sympa!tic to sci5ce1 9 s f> z sci5ce is a p]sonal pursuit & a p]sonal exp]i5ce1 r ?an a body ( doctr9e ) moral implications4 ,x is v close to nature1 z ! lov] ( nature und]/&s ! ^w4 ,if x d5ies ! exi/5ce ( ! cognitive en]gy & ! col\r+ m$ium ( m9d1 x does s only 9 a =mal s5se2 all ! col\rs ) :i* t m$ium end[s ! _w rema9 pa9t$ ^u x2 & all ! p]spectives & ideal objects ( ?\ght are wov5 into ! texture ( ?+s4 ,n1 ,i ?9k1 intelligibly or 9 a coh]5t fa%ion2 = ?is new realism is /ill immature1 & if x is ev] r5d]$ adequate x w d\btless seem mu* less orig9al4 ,my po9t is t 9 its d5ial ( m9d x has no bias aga9/ ?+s intellectual1 & if x refuses to admit ideas or ev5 s5sations1 x does n bl9k ! s5sible or ideal objects :i* ideas & s5sations reveal1 b r tries to f9d a new & 7z x p]haps ?9ks7 a m hon\rable place = !m2 !y are n reg>d$ z spiritual radiations f ! natural _w1 b z p>ts ( its sub/ance4 ,?is may h ! r+ ( mat]ialism2 b ! temp] & fai? ( ^! s*ools are n mat]iali/ic4 ,sy/ematic mat]ialism is "o ( ! philosophies ( old age4 ,x is a conviction t may ov]take a few %rewd & speculative cynics1 :o h long obs]v$ _! own irrationality & t ( ! _w1 & h div9$ its cause2 by su* m5 mat]ialism may be embrac$ )\t res]ve1 9 all its rig\r & pung5cy4 ,b ! mat]ialism ( y\? is "p ( a simple fai? 9 s5se & 9 sci5ce2 x is n exclusive2 x admits ! coop]ation ( any o!r =ces--div9e1 magical1 =mal1 or vital--if appe>ances any:]e seem to manife/ !m4 ,! m we int]pret ! ambiguities or crudities ( ,am]ican writ]s 9 ?is s5se1 ! less we %all misund]/& !m4 ,x seems1 !n1 t ! atmosph]e ( ! new _w has already affect$ philosophy 9 two ways4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x has accel]at$ & r5d]$ fe>less ! dis9tegration ( conv5tional categories2 a dis9tegration on :i* mod]n philosophy has always be5 at "w1 & :i* has precipitat$ its successive phases4 ,9 ! second place1 ! y\ng] cosmopolitan ,am]ica has fav\r$ ! imp>tial assemblage & mutual confrontation ( all sorts ( ideas4 ,x has produc$1 9 intellectual matt]s1 a sort ( happy wat*fulness & insecurity4 ,nev] 0 ! human m9d ma/] ( s _m facts & sure ( s few pr9ciples4 ,w ?is susp5se & fluidity ( ?\ght cry/allise into "s great new sy/em8 ,positive gifts ( imag9ation & moral h]oism are requisite to make a great philosoph]1 gifts :i* mu/ come f ! gods & n f circum/ances4 ,b if ! g5ius %\ld arise1 ?is va/ collection ( sugge/ions & ?is radical analysis ( presumptions :i* he w f9d 9 ,am]ica may keep him f go+ a/ray4 ,nietzs*e said t ! e>? has be5 a madh\se long en\gh4 ,)\t contradict+ him we might p]haps s(t5 ! expression1 & say t philosophy has be5 long en\gh an asylum = en?usia/s4 ,x is "t = x to become less solemn & m s]i\s4 ,we may be fright5$ at fir/ to le>n on :at ?9 ice we h be5 skat+1 9 speculation z 9 gov]nm5t2 b we %all n be 9 a worse plight = kn[+ x1 only wis] today & p]haps saf] tomorr[4 ,,*apt] ,,vi--,,mat]ialism ,,& ,,idealism ,,9 ,,am]ican ,,life ,! language & traditions common to ,engl& & ,am]ica are l o!r family bonds3 !y draw k9dr$ toge!r at ! great] crises 9 life1 b !y also occasion at times a little friction & faultf9d+4 ,! gr\ndwork ( ! two societies is s simil>1 t ea* nation1 feel+ almo/ at home ) ! o!r1 & almo/ able to und]/& its spee*1 may in/9ctively res5t :at h9d]s x f feel+ at home altoge!r4 ,diff]5ces w t5d to seem anomalies t h slipp$ 9 by mi/ake & ?r\gh somebody's fault4 ,ea* w judge ! o!r by 8 own /&>ds1 n feel+1 z 9 ! pres5ce ( complete =eign]s1 t he mu/ make an ef=t ( imag9ation & put himself 9 ano!r man's %oes4 ,9 matt]s ( morals1 mann]s1 & art1 ! dang] ( comp>isons is n m]ely t !y may prove invidi\s1 by rang+ qualities 9 an ord] ( m]it :i* might w\nd somebody's vanity2 ! dang] is r t comp>isons may di/ort compreh5sion1 because 9 tru? good qualities are all diff]5t 9 k9d1 & free lives are diff]5t 9 _s4 ,comp>ison is ! exp$i5t ( ^? :o _c rea* ! he>t ( ! ?+s comp>$2 & no philosophy is m ext]nal & egoti/ical ?an t :i* places ! ess5ce ( a ?+ 9 its relation to some?+ else4 ,9 reality1 at ! c5tre ( e natural be+ !re is some?+ individual & incomm5surable1 a se$ ) its native impulses & aspirations1 %ap+ !mselves z be/ !y c 9 _! giv5 environm5t4 ,v>iation is a consequ5ce ( fre$om1 & ! slight b radical div]sity ( s\ls 9 turn makes fre$om requisite4 ,in/ead ( in/itut+ 9 8 m9d any comp>isons betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & o!r nations1 ,i w\ld accord+ly urge ! read] to =get himself &1 9 s f> z su* a ?+ may be possible = him or = me1 to transport himself ideally ) me into ! out] circum/ances ( ,am]ican life1 ! bett] to feel its inn] temp]1 & to see h[ inevitably ! ,am]ican %apes 8 feel+s & judgem5ts1 hone/ly report+ all ?+s z !y appe> f 8 new & unob/ruct$ /ation4 ,i speak ( ! ,am]ican 9 ! s+ul>1 z if !re 7 n millions ( !m1 nor? & s\?1 ea/ & we/1 ( bo? sexes1 ( all ages1 & ( v>i\s races1 pr(essions1 & religions4 ,( c\rse ! "o ,am]ican ,i speak ( is my?ical2 b to speak 9 p>ables is inevitable 9 su* a subject1 & x is p]haps z well to d s frankly4 ,!re is a sort ( poetic ineptitude 9 all human disc\rse :5 x tries to deal ) natural & exi/+ ?+s4 ,practical m5 may n notice x1 b 9 fact human disc\rse is intr9sically address$ n to natural exi/+ ?+s b to ideal ess5ces1 poetic or logical t]ms :i* ?\ght may def9e & play )4 ,:5 =tune or necessity div]ts our att5tion f ?is cong5ial ideal sport to crude facts & press+ issues1 we turn our frail poetic ideas into symbols = ^? t]rible irruptive ?+s4 ,9 t pap] money ( our own /amp+1 ! legal t5d] ( ! m9d1 we are oblig$ to reckon all ! movem5ts & values ( ! _w4 ,! univ]sal ,am]ican ,i speak ( is "o ( ^! symbols2 & ,i %\ld be /ill speak+ 9 symbols & creat+ moral units & a false simplicity1 if ,i spoke ( classes p$antically subdivid$1 or individuals ideally integrat$ & def9$4 ,z x happ5s1 ! symbolic ,am]ican c be made l>gely adequate to ! facts2 because1 if !re are imm5se diff]5ces betwe5 individual ,am]icans--= "s ,am]icans are black--yet !re is a great uni=mity 9 _! environm5t1 cu/oms1 temp]1 & ?\ghts4 ,!y h all be5 uproot$ f _! sev]al soils & ance/ries & plung$ toge!r into "o vortex1 :irl+ irresi/ibly 9 a space o!rwise q empty4 ,to be an ,am]ican is ( itself almo/ a moral condition1 an education1 & a c>e]4 ,h5ce a s+le ideal figm5t c cov] a l>ge "p ( :at ea* ,am]ican is 9 8 "*1 & almo/ ! :ole ( :at mo/ ,am]icans are 9 _! social outlook & political judgem5ts4 ,! discov]y ( ! new _w ex]cis$ a sort ( selection among ! inhabitants ( ,europe4 ,all ! coloni/s1 except ! negroes1 7 volunt>y exiles4 ,! =tunate1 ! deeply root$1 & ! lazy rema9$ at home2 ! wild] in/9cts or dissatisfaction ( o!rs tempt$ !m beyond ! horizon4 ,! ,am]ican is accord+ly ! mo/ adv5tur\s1 or ! desc5dant ( ! mo/ adv5tur\s1 ( ,europeans4 ,x is 9 8 blood to be socially a radical1 ?\gh p]haps n intellectually4 ,:at has exi/$ 9 ! pa/1 especially 9 ! remote pa/1 seems to him n only n au?oritative1 b irrelevant1 inf]ior1 & outworn4 ,he f9ds x r a sorry wa/e ( "t to ?9k ab\t ! pa/ at all4 ,b 8 en?usiasm = ! future is pr(\nd2 he c conceive ( no m decisive way ( recomm5d+ an op9ion or a practice ?an to say t x is :at ev]ybody is com+ to adopt4 ,?is expectation ( :at he approves1 or approval ( :at he expects1 makes up 8 optimism4 ,x is ! necess>y fai? ( ! pione]4 ,su* a temp]am5t is1 ( c\rse1 n ma9ta9$ 9 ! nation m]ely by inh]itance4 ,inh]itance notori\sly t5ds to re/ore ! av]age ( a race1 & plays incid5tally _m a trick ( atavism4 ,:at ma9ta9s ?is temp]am5t & makes x national is social contagion or pressure--some?+ imm5sely /rong 9 democracies4 ,! luckless ,am]ican :o is born a cons]vative1 or :o is drawn to poetic subtlety1 pi\s retreats1 or gay passions1 nev]!less has ! categorical excell5ce ( "w1 gr[?1 ent]prise1 re=m1 & prosp]ity d9n$ into 8 e>s3 e door is op5 9 ?is direction & %ut 9 ! o!r2 s t he ei!r folds up 8 he>t & )]s 9 a corn]--9 remote places y sometimes f9d su* a solit>y gaunt ideali/--or else he flies to ,ox=d or ,flor5ce or ,montm>tre to save 8 s\l--or p]haps n to save x4 ,! optimism ( ! pione] is n limit$ to 8 view ( himself & 8 own future3 x />ts f t2 b feel+ assur$1 safe1 & *e]y )91 he looks ) smil+ & mo/ k9dly eyes on ev]y?+ & ev]ybody ab\t him4 ,individualism1 r\ghness1 & selftru/ are suppos$ to g ) selfi%ness & a cold he>t2 b ,i suspect t is a prejudice4 ,x is r dep5d5ce1 insecurity1 & mutual jo/l+ t poison our placid greg>i\s bro!rhood2 & fanciful passionate dem&s ^u p's affections1 :5 !y are disappo9t$1 z !y soon mu/ be1 bre$ illw & a f9al meanness4 ,! milk ( human k9dness is less apt to turn s\r if ! vessel t holds x /&s /eady1 cool1 & sep>ate1 & is n too (t5 uncork$4 ,9 8 affections ! ,am]ican is seldom passionate1 (t5 deep1 & always k9dly4 ,if x 7 giv5 me to look into ! dep?s ( a man's he>t1 & ,i did n f9d goodw at ! bottom1 ,i %\ld say )\t any hesitation1 ,y are n an ,am]ican4 ,b z ! ,am]ican is an individuali/ 8 goodw is n (fici\s4 ,8 in/9ct is to ?9k well ( ev]ybody1 & to wi% ev]ybody well1 b 9 a _s ( r\gh comrade%ip1 expect+ e man to /& on 8 own legs & to be helpful 9 8 turn4 ,:5 he has giv5 8 neighb\r a *ance he ?9ks he has done en\gh = him2 b he feels x is an absolute duty to d t4 ,x w take "s hamm]+ to drive a coddl+ socialism into ,am]ica4 ,z selftru/ may pass into selfsuffici5cy1 s optimism1 k9dness1 & goodw may gr[ into a habit ( dot+ on ev]y?+4 ,to ! good ,am]ican _m subjects are sacr$3 sex is sacr$1 wom5 are sacr$1 *ildr5 are sacr$1 bus9ess is sacr$1 ,am]ica is sacr$1 ,masonic lodges & college clubs are sacr$4 ,?is feel+ gr[s out ( ! good op9ion he wi%es to h ( ^! ?+s1 & s]ves to ma9ta9 x4 ,if he did n reg>d all ^! ?+s z sacr$ he might come to d\bt sometimes if !y 7 :olly good4 ,( ?is k9d1 too1 is ! idealism ( s+le ladies 9 r$uc$ circum/ances :o c see ! s\l ( beauty 9 ugly ?+s1 & are p]fectly happy because _! old dog has su* pa!tic eyes1 _! m9i/] is s eloqu5t1 _! g>d5 ) its ?ree sunfl[]s is s pleasant1 _! dead fri5ds 7 s devot$1 & _! di/ant relations are s ri*4 ,consid] n[ ! great empt9ess ( ,am]ica3 n m]ely ! primitive physical empt9ess1 surviv+ 9 "s regions1 & ! cont95tal spac+ ( ! *ief natural features1 b also ! moral empt9ess ( a settlem5t :]e m5 & ev5 h\ses are easily mov$ ab\t1 & no "o1 almo/1 lives :]e he 0 born or believes :at he has be5 taught4 ,n t ! ,am]ican has jettison$ ^! imp$im5ta 9 ang]2 !y h simply slipp$ f him z he moves4 ,great empty spaces br+ a sort ( fre$om to bo? s\l & body4 ,y may pit* y\r t5t :]e y w2 or if ev] y decide to build any?+1 x c be 9 a /yle ( y\r own devis+4 ,y h room1 fre% mat]ials1 few models1 & no critics4 ,y tru/ y\r own exp]i5ce1 n only because y mu/1 b because y f9d y may d s safely & prosp]\sly2 ! =ces t det]m9e =tune are n yet too complicat$ = "o man to explore4 ,y\r deta*able condition makes y lavi% ) money & *e]fully exp]im5tal2 y lose little if y lose all1 s9ce y rema9 completely y\rself4 ,at ! same "t y\r absolute initiative gives y practice 9 cop+ ) novel situations1 & 9 be+ orig9al2 x tea*es y %rewd managem5t4 ,y\r life & m9d w become dry & direct1 ) few decorative fl\ri%es4 ,9 y\r works ev]y?+ w be />k & pragmatic2 y w n und]/& :y anybody %\ld make ^? little sacrifices to in/9ct or cu/om :i* we call grace4 ,! f9e arts w seem to y academic luxuries1 fit to amuse ! ladies1 l ,greek & ,sanskrit2 = :ile y w p]fectly appreciate g5]osity 9 m5's purposes1 y w n admit t ! execution ( ^! purposes c be any?+ b bus9ess4 ,un=tunately ! ess5ce ( ! f9e arts is t ! execution %\ld be g5]\s too1 & delightful 9 itself2 !re=e ! f9e arts w suff]1 n s mu* 9 _! express pr(essional pursuit--= !n !y become practical tasks & a k9d ( bus9ess--z 9 t diffus$ *>m :i* qualifies all human action :5 m5 are arti/s by nature4 ,elaboration1 :i* is some?+ to accompli%1 w be pref]r$ to simplicity1 :i* is some?+ to re/ 92 mann]s w suff] some:at2 spee* w suff] horribly4 ,= ! ,am]ican ! urg5cy ( 8 novel attack ^u matt]1 8 zeal 9 ga!r+ its fruits1 precludes me&]+s 9 primrose pa?s2 devices mu/ be %ort cuts1 & symbols mu/ be m]e symbols4 ,if 8 wife wants luxuries1 ( c\rse %e may h !m2 & if he has vices1 t c be provid$ = too2 b !y mu/ all be set d[n "u ^? head+s 9 8 l$g]s4 ,at ! same "t1 ! ,am]ican is imag9ative2 = :]e life is int5se1 imag9ation is int5se also4 ,7 he n imag9ative he w\ld n live s mu* 9 ! future4 ,b 8 imag9ation is practical1 & ! future x =eca/s is imm$iate2 x works ) ! cle>e/ & lea/ ambigu\s t]ms kn[n to 8 exp]i5ce1 9 t]ms ( numb]1 measure1 contrivance1 economy1 & spe$4 ,he is an ideali/ work+ on matt]4 ,und]/&+ z he does ! mat]ial pot5tialities ( ?+s1 he is successful 9 inv5tion1 cons]vative 9 re=m1 & quick 9 em]g5cies4 ,all 8 life he jumps into ! tra9 aft] x has />t$ & jumps out be=e x has /opp$2 & he nev] once gets left beh9d1 or breaks a leg4 ,!re is an en?usiasm 9 8 sympa!tic h&l+ ( mat]ial =ces :i* goes f> to cancel ! illib]al "* :i* x might o!rwise assume4 ,! good workman h>dly di/+ui%es 8 arti/ic int5tion f ! pot5cy 9 himself & 9 ?+s :i* is ab\t to realise t int5tion4 ,accord+ly 8 ideals fall into ! =m ( premonitions & prophecies2 & 8 /udi\s prophecies (t5 come true4 ,s d ! happy workmanlike ideals ( ! ,am]ican4 ,:5 a poor boy1 p]haps1 he dreams ( an education1 & pres5tly he gets an education1 or at lea/ a degree2 he dreams ( gr[+ ri*1 & he gr[s ri*--only m sl[ly & mode/ly1 p]haps1 ?an he expect$2 he dreams ( m>ry+ 8 ,rebecca &1 ev5 if he m>ries a ,leah in/ead1 he ultimately f9ds 9 ,leah 8 ,rebecca aft] all4 ,he dreams ( help+ to c>ry on & to accel]ate ! movem5t ( a va/1 see?+1 progressive society1 & he actually does s4 ,ideals cl++ s close to nature are almo/ sure ( fulfilm5t2 ! ,am]ican beams ) a c]ta9 selfconfid5ce & s5se ( ma/]y2 he feels t ,god & nature are work+ ) him4 ,idealism 9 ! ,am]ican accord+ly goes h& 9 h& ) pres5t cont5tm5t & ) =esight ( :at ! future v likely w actually br+4 ,he is n a revolutioni/2 he believes he is already on ! "r track & mov+ t[>ds an excell5t de/9y4 ,9 revolutioni/s1 on ! contr>y1 idealism is f\nd$ on dissatisfaction & expresses x4 ,:at exi/s seems to !m an absurd jumble ( irrational accid5ts & bad habits1 & !y want ! future to be bas$ on reason & to be ! pellucid embodim5t ( all _! maxims4 ,all _! zeal is = some?+ radically diff]5t f ! actual & 7if !y only knew x7 f ! possible2 x is ideally simple1 & !y love x & believe 9 x because _! nature craves x4 ,!y ?9k life w\ld be set free by ! de/ruction ( all its organs4 ,!y are !re=e extreme ideali/s 9 ! region ( hope1 b n at all1 z poets & arti/s are1 9 ! region ( p]ception & memory4 ,9 ! atmosph]e ( civilis$ life !y miss all ! refraction & all ! fragrance2 s t 9 _! conception ( actual ?+s !y are apt to be crude reali/s2 & _! ignorance & inexp]i5ce ( ! moral _w1 unless x comes ( illluck1 indicates _! incapacity = education4 ,n[ incapacity = education1 :5 unit$ ) great inn] vitality1 is "o root ( idealism4 ,x is :at condemns u all1 9 ! region ( s5se1 to sub/itute p]petually :at we are capable ( imag9+ = :at ?+s may be 9 !mselves2 x is :at condemns u1 :]ev] x ext5ds1 to ?9k a priori2 x is :at keeps u bravely & incorrigibly pursu+ :at we call ! good--t is1 :at w\ld fulfil ! dem&s ( our nature--h[ev] little provision ! fates may h made = x4 ,b ! want ( insight on ! "p ( revolutioni/s t\*+ ! pa/ & ! pres5t infects 9 an important p>ticul> _! idealism ab\t ! future2 x r5d]s _! dreams ( ! future unrealisable4 ,= 9 human be+s--?is may n be true ( o!r animals1 m p]fectly pre=m$--exp]i5ce is necess>y to p]t95t & concrete ?9k+2 ev5 our primitive in/9cts are bl9d until !y /umble ^u "s occasion t solicits !m2 & !y c be mu* trans=m$ or d]ang$ by _! fir/ p>tial satisfactions4 ,!re=e a man :o does n idealise 8 exp]i5ce1 b idealises a priori1 is incapable ( true prophecy2 :5 he dreams he raves1 & ! m he criticises ! less he helps4 ,am]ican idealism1 on ! contr>y1 is no?+ if n helpful1 no?+ if n p]t95t to practicable trans=mations2 & :5 ! ,am]ican frets1 x is because :atev] is useless & imp]t95t1 be x idealism or in]tia1 irritates him2 = x fru/rates ! good results :i* he sees might s easily h be5 obta9$4 ,! ,am]ican is wond]fully alive2 & 8 vitality1 n hav+ (t5 f\nd a suitable outlet1 makes him appe> agitat$ on ! surface2 he is always lett+ (f an unnecess>ily l\d bla/ ( incid5tal /eam4 ,yet 8 vitality is n sup]ficial2 x is inw>dly prompt$1 & z s5sitive & quick z a magnetic ne$le4 ,he is inquisitive1 & ready ) an answ] to any "q t he may put to himself ( 8 own accord2 b if y try to p\r in/ruction into him1 on matt]s t d n t\* 8 own spontane\s life1 he %[s ! mo/ extraord9>y p[]s ( resi/ance & oblivesc5ce2 s t he (t5 is rem>kably exp]t 9 "s directions & surpris+ly obtuse 9 o!rs4 ,he seems to be> lightly ! sorr[ful burd5 ( human k4 ,9 a ^w1 he is "y4 ,:at s5se is !re 9 ?is feel+1 :i* we all h1 t ! ,am]ican is "y8 ,8 c\ntry is bless$ ) z _m eld]ly p z any o!r1 & 8 desc5t f ,adam1 or f ! ,d>w9ian rival ( ,adam1 _c be %ort] ?an t ( 8 ,european c\s9s4 ,nor are 8 ideas always v fre%4 ,trite & rigid bits ( morality & religion1 ) mu* seemly & antique political lore1 rema9 axiomatic 9 him1 z 9 ! m9d ( a *ild2 he may c>ry all ?is ab\t ) an unque/ion+ famili>ity :i* does n comport und]/&+4 ,to keep traditional s5tim5ts 9 ?is way insulat$ & uncriticis$ is itself a sign ( y\?4 ,a good "y man is naturally cons]vative & loyal on all ^? subjects :i* 8 exp]i5ce has n br\ght to a te/2 advanc$ op9ions on politics1 m>riage1 or lit]ature are comp>atively r>e 9 ,am]ica2 !y are left = ! ladies to discuss1 & usually to condemn1 :ile ! m5 get on ) _! "w4 ,9 spite ( :at is oldfa%ion$ 9 8 m g5]al ideas1 ! ,am]ican is unmi/akably "y2 & ?is1 ,i %\ld say1 = two reasons3 "o1 t he is *iefly occupi$ ) 8 imm$iate environm5t1 & ! o!r1 t 8 reactions ^u x are inw>dly prompt$1 spontane\s1 & full ( vivacity & selftru/4 ,8 views are n yet l5g!n$2 8 w is n yet brok5 or trans=m$4 ,! pres5t mom5t1 h[ev]1 9 ?is1 z 9 o!r ?+s1 may m>k a great *ange 9 him2 he is p]haps n[ rea*+ 8 majority1 & all ,i say may h>dly apply today1 & may n apply at all tomorr[4 ,i speak ( him z ,i h kn[n him2 & :atev] moral /r5g? may accrue to him lat]1 ,i am n sorry to h kn[n him 9 8 y\?4 ,! *>m ( y\?1 ev5 :5 x is a little boi/]\s1 lies 9 ne>ness to ! impulses ( nature1 9 a quick] & m obvi\s ob$i5ce to t pure1 sem9al pr9ciple :i*1 hav+ =m$ ! body & its organs1 always directs _! movem5ts1 unless x is =c$ by vice or necessity to make !m crook$1 or to susp5d !m4 ,ev5 "u ! inevitable cru/ ( age ! s\l rema9s "y1 &1 :]ev] x is able to break ?r\gh1 spr\ts into some?+ gre5 & t5d]4 ,we are all z "y at he>t z ! mo/ y\?ful ,am]ican1 b ! se$ 9 8 case has fall5 ^u virg9 soil1 :]e x may spr+ up m bravely & ) less respect = ! giants ( ! wood4 ,peoples seem old] :5 _! p]5nial natural y\? is encumb]$ ) m possessions & prepossessions1 & !y are m9dful ( ! _m ?+s !y h lo/ or miss$4 ,! ,am]ican is n m9dful ( !m4 ,9 ,am]ica !re is a tacit optimi/ic assumption ab\t exi/5ce1 to ! effect t ! m exi/5ce ! bett]4 ,! s\lless critic might urge t quantity is only a physical category1 imply+ no excell5ce1 b at be/ an abundance ( opportunities bo? = good & = evil4 ,yet ! "y s\l1 be+ curi\s & hungry1 views exi/5ce a priori "u ! =m ( ! good2 its in/9ct to live implies a fai? t mo/ ?+s x c become or see or d w be wor? :ile4 ,respect = quantity is accord+ly some?+ m ?an ! *ildi% joy & wond] at bigness2 x is ! fi%]man's joy 9 a big haul1 ! good uses ( :i* he c take = grant$4 ,su* optimism is amiable4 ,nature _c af=d t we %\ld beg9 by be+ too calculat+ or wise1 & %e enc\rages u by ! pleasure %e atta*es to our functions 9 advance ( _! fruits1 & (t5 9 excess ( !m2 z ! angl] enjoys cat*+ 8 fi% m ?an eat+ x1 & (t51 wait+ pati5tly = ! fi% to bite1 misses 8 own supp]4 ,! pione] mu/ devote himself to prep>ations2 he mu/ "w = ! future1 & x is heal?y & dutiful ( him to love 8 "w = its own sake4 ,at ! same "t1 unless ref]5ce to an ultimate purpose is at lea/ virtual 9 all 8 activities1 he runs ! dang] ( becom+ a liv+ automaton1 va9 & ignom9i\s 9 its me*anical con/ancy4 ,idealism ab\t "w c hide an int5se mat]ialism ab\t life4 ,man1 if he is a rational be+1 _c live by bread alone nor be a lab\r] m]ely2 he mu/ eat & "w 9 view ( an ideal h>mony :i* ov]>*es all 8 days1 & :i* is realis$ 9 ! way !y hang toge!r1 or 9 "s ideal issue :i* !y h 9 common4 ,o!rwise1 ?\gh 8 te*nical philosophy may call itself idealism1 he is a mat]iali/ 9 morals2 he e/eems ?+s1 & e/eems himself1 = me*anical uses & en]gies4 ,ev5 s5suali/s1 arti/s1 & pleasurelov]s are wis] ?an t1 = ?\gh _! idealism may be desultory or corrupt1 !y atta9 some?+ ideal1 & prize ?+s only = _! liv+ effects1 moral ?\gh p]haps fugitive4 ,s5sation1 :5 we d n take x z a signal = action1 b arre/ & p]use :at x positively br+s be=e u1 reveals some?+ ideal--a col\r1 %ape1 or s\nd2 & to dwell on ^! pres5ces1 ) no ?\ght ( _! mat]ial significance1 is an /hetic or dreamful idealism4 ,to pass f ?is idealism to ! k ( matt] is a great intellectual advance1 & goes ) dom9ion ov] ! _w2 = 9 ! practical arts ! m9d is adju/$ to a l>g] object1 ) m dep? & pot5tiality 9 x2 :i* is :at makes p feel t ! mat]ial _w is real1 z !y call x1 & t ! ideal _w is n4 ,c]ta9ly ! mat]ial _w is real2 = ! philosoph]s :o d5y ! exi/5ce ( matt] are l ! critics :o d5y ! exi/5ce ( ,hom]4 ,if !re 0 nev] any ,hom]1 !re mu/ h be5 a lot ( o!r poets no less ,hom]ic ?an he2 & if matt] does n exi/1 a comb9ation ( o!r ?+s exi/s :i* is j z mat]ial4 ,b ! int5se reality ( ! mat]ial _w w\ld n prev5t x f be+ a dre>y wa/e 9 our eyes1 or ev5 an abyss ( horror1 if x br\ght =? no spiritual fruits4 ,9 fact1 x does br+ =? spiritual fruits1 = o!rwise we %\ld n be "h to f9d fault ) x1 & to set up our ideals ov] aga9/ x4 ,nature is mat]ial1 b n mat]iali/ic2 x issues 9 life1 & bre$s all sorts ( w>m passions & idle beauties4 ,& j z sympa?y ) ! me*anical travail & turmoil ( nature1 ap>t f its spiritual fruits1 is moral mat]ialism1 s ! cont9ual p]ception & love ( ^! fruits is moral idealism--happ9ess 9 ! pres5ce ( immat]ial objects & h>monies1 su* z we envisage 9 affection1 speculation1 religion1 & all ! =ms ( ! beautiful4 ,! circum/ances ( 8 life hi!rto h necess>ily driv5 ! ,am]ican into moral mat]ialism2 = 9 8 deal+s ) mat]ial ?+s he c h>dly /op to enjoy _! s5sible aspects1 :i* are ideal1 nor proce$ at once to _! ultimate uses1 :i* are ideal too4 ,he is practical z aga9/ ! poet1 & worldly z aga9/ ! cle> philosoph] or ! sa9t4 ,! mo/ /rik+ expression ( ?is mat]ialism is usually suppos$ to be 8 love ( ! almighty doll>2 b t is a =eign & un9tellig5t view4 ,! ,am]ican talks ab\t money1 because t is ! symbol & measure he has at h& = success1 intellig5ce1 & p[]2 b z to money itself he makes1 loses1 sp5ds1 & gives x away ) a v light he>t4 ,to my m9d ! mo/ /rik+ expression ( 8 mat]ialism is 8 s+ul> preoccupation ) quantity4 ,if1 = in/ance1 y visit ,niag>a ,falls1 y may expect to he> h[ _m cubic feet or metric tons ( wat] are precipitat$ p] second ov] ! cat>act2 h[ _m cities & t[ns 7) ! numb] ( _! inhabitants7 d]ive light & motive p[] f x2 & ! annual value ( ! fur!r indu/ries t might v well be c>ri$ on by ! same means1 )\t visibly deplet+ ! _w's greate/ wond] or injur+ ! t\ri/ trade4 ,t is :at ,i confid5tly expect$ to he> on arriv+ at ! adjo9+ t[n ( ,buffalo2 b ,i 0 deceiv$4 ,! fir/ ?+ ,i he>d in/ead 0 t !re are m miles ( asphalt pavem5t 9 ,buffalo ?an 9 any city 9 ! _w4 ,nor is ?is insi/5ce on quantity conf9$ to m5 ( bus9ess4 ,! ,presid5t ( ,h>v>d ,college1 see+ me once by *ance soon aft] ! beg9n+ ( a t]m1 inquir$ h[ my classes 7 gett+ on2 & :5 ,i repli$ t ,i ?\ght !y 7 gett+ on well1 t my m5 seem$ to be ke5 & intellig5t1 he /opp$ me z if ,i 0 ab\t to wa/e 8 "t4 8,i meant10 said he1 8:at is ! numb] ( /ud5ts 9 y\r classes40 ,"h ,i ?9k we may p]ceive t ?is love ( quantity (t5 has a sil5t p>tn]1 :i* is diffid5ce z to quality4 ,! democratic consci5ce recoils be=e any?+ t sav\rs ( privilege2 & le/ x %\ld conc$e an unm]it$ privilege to any pursuit or p]son1 x r$uces all ?+s z f> z possible to ! common d5om9ator ( quantity4 ,numb]s _c lie3 b if x came to comp>+ ! ideal beauties ( philosophy ) ^? ( ,anglo,saxon1 :o %\ld decide8 ,all /udies are good--:y else h univ]sities8--b ^? mu/ be mo/ enc\rag$ :i* attract ! greate/ numb] ( /ud5ts4 ,h5ce ! ,presid5t's "q4 ,democratic fai?1 9 its diffid5ce ab\t quality1 ?r[s ! re9s ( education ^u ! pupil's neck1 z ,don ,quixote ?rew ! re9s on ! neck ( ,roc9ante1 & bids 8 div9e in/9ct *oose its own way4 ,! ,am]ican has nev] yet _h to face ! trials ( ,job4 ,great crises1 l ! ,civil ,w>1 he has kn[n h[ to surm\nt victori\sly2 & n[ t he has surm\nt$ a second great crisis victori\sly1 x is possible t he may relapse1 z he did 9 ! o!r case1 into an app>5tly complete absorption 9 mat]ial ent]prise & prosp]ity4 ,b if s]i\s & irrem$iable tribulation ev] ov]took him1 :at w\ld 8 attitude be8 ,x is !n t we %\ld be able to discov] :e!r mat]ialism or idealism lies at ! base ( 8 "*4 ,meantime 8 work+ m9d is n )\t its holiday4 ,he spreads hum\r pretty ?ick & ev5 ov] ! surface ( conv]sation1 & hum\r is "o =m ( moral emancipation4 ,he loves l&scape1 he loves mank9d1 & he loves k2 & 9 music at lea/ he f9ds an art :i* he unfeign$ly enjoys4 ,9 music & l&scape1 9 hum\r & k9dness1 he t\*es ! ideal m truly1 p]haps1 ?an 9 8 pond]\s academic idealisms & busy religions2 = x is a/oni%+ h[ mu* ev5 religion 9 ,am]ica 7c x possibly be s 9 ,engl&87 is a matt] ( meet+s1 build+funds1 s*ools1 *>ities1 clubs1 & picnics4 ,to be poor 9 ord] to be simple1 to produce less 9 ord] t ! product may be m *oice & beautiful1 & may leave u less burd5$ ) unnecess>y duties & useless possessions--t is an ideal n articulate 9 ! ,am]ican m9d2 yet "h & !re ,i seem to h he>d a sigh aft] x1 a groan at ! p]petual incubus ( bus9ess & %rill society4 ,significant witness to su* aspirations is borne by ^? new =ms ( popul> religion1 n m]e v>iations on tradition1 :i* h sprung up f ! soil--revivalism1 spiritualism1 ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce1 ! ,new ,?\ght4 ,:e!r or no we c tap1 ?r\gh ^! or o!r *annels1 "s cosmic or inn] en]gy n hi!rto at ! disposal ( man 7& !re is no?+ incr$ible 9 t71 we c]ta9ly may try to remove friction & wa/e 9 ! m]e process ( liv+2 we may relax morbid /ra9s1 loos5 suppress$ in/9cts1 iron out ! creases ( ! s\l1 discipl9e ourselves into simplicity1 sweetness1 & peace4 ,^! religi\s movem5ts are ef=ts t[>d su* physiological economy & hygi5e2 & :ile !y are ?or\ghly plebeian1 ) no great lights1 & no idea ( rais+ m5 f ! mo/ vulg> & humdrum worldly exi/5ce1 yet !y see ! possibility ( physical & moral heal? on t common plane1 & pursue x4 ,t is true morality4 ,! dignities ( v>i\s types ( life or m9d1 l ! gifts ( v>i\s animals1 are relative4 ,! snob adores "o type only1 & ! creatures suppos$ by him to illu/rate x p]fectly2 or envies & hates !m1 :i* is j z snobbi%4 ,v]itable lov]s ( life1 on ! contr>y1 l ,sa9t ,francis or l ,dick5s1 "k t 9 e t5em5t ( clay1 ) no matt] :at end[m5t or /ation1 happ9ess & p]fection are possible to ! s\l4 ,!re mu/ be no br[beat+1 ) %\ts ( "w or progress or revolution1 any m ?an ) ?reats ( hellfire4 ,:at does x pr(it a man to free ! :ole _w if 8 s\l is n free8 ,moral fre$om is n an artificial condition1 because ! ideal is ! "m tongue ( bo? ! he>t & ! s5ses4 ,all t is requisite is t we %\ld pause 9 liv+ to enjoy life1 & %\ld lift up our he>ts to ?+s t are pure goods 9 !mselves1 s t once to h f\nd & lov$ !m1 :atev] else may betide1 may rema9 a happ9ess t no?+ c sully4 ,?is natural idealism does n imply t we are immat]ial1 b only t we are animate & truly alive4 ,:5 ! s5ses are %>p1 z !y are 9 ! ,am]ican1 !y are already half lib]at$1 already a joy 9 !mselves2 & :5 ! he>t is w>m1 l 81 & eag] to be j1 its ideal de/9y c h>dly be d\btful4 ,x w n be always m]ely pump+ & work+2 "t & its own pulses w l5d x w+s4 ,,*apt] ,,vii--,,engli% ,,lib]ty ,,9 ,,am]ica ,! /raits ( ,dov]1 :i* "o may sometimes see across1 h suffic$ s to isolate ,engl& t x has nev] mov$ q 9 /ep ) ! re/ ( ,europe 9 politics1 morals1 or art4 ,no wond] t ! ,atlantic ,ocean1 al?\gh x has fav\r$ a mix$ emigration & *eap int]c\rse1 %\ld h cut (f ,am]ica s effectually t all ! p !re1 ev5 ^? ( ,lat9 orig91 h become curi\sly diff]5t f any k9d ( ,european4 ,9 va9 are !y reput$ to h ! same religions or to speak ! same languages z _! c\s9s 9 ! old _w2 ev]y?+ has *ang$ its acc5t1 _s1 & value4 ,flora & fauna h be5 intoxicat$ by t unt\*$ soil & fre% tonic air1 & by ^? va/ spaces2 9 spite ( _! h]$it>y diff]5ces ( species !y h all acquir$ ! same crude sav\r & defiant aspect4 ,9 comp>ison ) _! ,european prototypes !y seem t\gh1 meagre1 bold1 & ugly4 ,9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ap>t f ! fact t mo/ ( ! e>ly coloni/s belong$ to an exceptional type ( ,engli%man1 ! scale & spe$ ( life h made ev]y?+ /rangely un,engli%4 ,!re is *e]9ess in/ead ( dogg$ness1 confid5ce in/ead ( circumspection2 !re is a desire to quizz & to dazzle r ?an a fe> ( be+ mi/ak5 or ( be+ %ock$2 !re is a p]vasive cordiality1 exagg]ation1 & f>cical hum\r2 & 9 ! pres5ce ( ! ,engli%man1 :5 by *ance he turns up or is ?\ght (1 !re is an inv9cible impati5ce & irritation t 8 po9t ( view %\ld be s fix$1 8 m9d s lit]al1 & ! freight he c>ries s excessive 7:5 y are sail+ 9 balla/ y\rself71 & t he %\ld seem to take s little notice ( *anges 9 ! w9d to :i* y are n]v\sly s5sitive4 ,nev]!less !re is "o gift or habit1 native to ,engl&1 t has n only be5 pres]v$ 9 ,am]ica un*ang$1 b has f\nd !re a m fav\rable atmosph]e 9 :i* to manife/ its true nature--,i mean ! _s ( free coop]ation4 ,! root ( x is free individuality1 :i* is deeply seat$ 9 ! ,engli% inn] man2 !re is an indomitable in/9ct or m9d 9 him :i* he p]petually consults & rev]es1 sl[ & emb>rass$ z 8 expression ( x may be4 ,b ?is free individuality 9 ! ,engli%man is cross$ & bias$ by a l>ge residue ( social s]vitude4 ,! *ur* & ! ari/ocracy1 entanglem5t 9 cu/om & privilege1 mi/ru/ & bitt]ness ab\t p>ticul> grievances1 w>p ! inn] man & enli/ him aga9/ 8 int]e/s 9 ali5 causes2 ! /raits ( ,dov] 7 too n>r[1 ! %ad[ ( a ho/ile cont95t 0 too oppressive1 ! ,engli% sod 0 soak$ ) too _m dews & cut by too _m h$ges1 = ea* individual1 be+ q ma/] ( himself1 to confront e o!r individual )\t fe> or prejudice1 & to unite ) him 9 ! free pursuit ( :atev] aims !y might f9d t !y _h 9 common4 ,yet ?is sl[ coop]ation ( free m51 ?is lib]ty 9 democracy--! only sort t ,am]ica possesses or believes 9--is :olly ,engli% 9 its p]sonal basis1 its res]ve1 its t5acity1 its empiricism1 its public _s1 & its assurance ( its own rightness2 & x des]ves to be call$ ,engli% always1 to :atev] c\ntries x may spread4 ,! omnipres5ce 9 ,am]ica ( ?is _s ( coop]ation1 responsibility1 & gr[? is v rem>kable4 ,f> f be+ neutralis$ by ,am]ican da% & bravura1 or lo/ 9 ! opposite in/9cts ( s _m ali5 races1 x seems to be adopt$ at once 9 ! mo/ mix$ circles & 9 ! mo/ novel pr$icam5ts4 ,9 ,am]ica social s]vitude is r$uc$ to a m9imum2 9 fact we may almo/ say t x is r$uc$ to subject+ *ildr5 to _! mo!rs & to a common public education1 ag5cies t are absolutely indisp5sable to produce ! individual & enable him to ex]cise 8 p]sonal initiative effectually2 = aft] all1 :atev] metaphysical egotism may say1 "o _c vote to be creat$4 ,b once creat$1 wean$1 & taught to read & write1 ! "y ,am]ican c easily %\ld] 8 knapsack & *oose 8 own way 9 ! _w4 ,he is z yet v little trammell$ by want ( opportunity1 & he has no roots to speak ( 9 place1 class1 or religion4 ,:]e individuality is s free1 coop]ation1 :5 x is ju/ifi$1 c be all ! m quick & he>ty4 ,ev]y:]e coop]ation is tak5 = grant$1 z some?+ t no "o w\ld be s mean or s %ortsight$ z to refuse4 ,toge!r ) ! w to "w & to prosp]1 x is ( ! ess5ce ( ,am]icanism1 & is accept$ z su* by all ! unkempt polyglot peoples t turn to ! new _w ) ! pa!tic b manly purpose ( beg9n+ life on a new pr9ciple4 ,e political body1 e public meet+1 e club1 or college1 or a?letic team1 is full ( x4 ,out x comes :5ev] !re is an accid5t 9 ! /reet or a division 9 a *ur*1 or a great unexpect$ em]g5cy l ! late w>4 ,! g5]al in/9ct is to run & help1 to assume direction1 to pull ?r\gh someh[ by mutual adaptation1 & by seiz+ on ! readie/ practical measures & work+ compromises4 ,ea* man jo9s 9 & gives a help+ h&1 )\t a preconceiv$ plan or a prior motive4 ,ev5 ! lead]1 :5 he is a natural lead] & n a pr(essional1 has no?+ up 8 sleeve to =ce on ! re/1 9 _! obvi\s goodw & m5tal blankness4 ,all meet 9 a g5u9e _s ( consultation1 eag] to p]suade b ready to be p]suad$1 ) a *e]y confid5ce 9 _! av]age ability1 :5 a po9t comes up & is cle>ly put be=e !m1 to decide x = ! "t be+1 & to move on4 ,x is implicitly agre$1 9 e case1 t disput$ que/ions %all be put to a vote1 & t ! m9ority w loyally acquiesce 9 ! decision ( ! majority & build h5ce=? ^u x1 )\t a ?\ght ( ev] retract+ x4 ,su* a way ( proce$+ seems 9 ,am]ica a matt] ( c\rse1 because x is br$ 9 ! bone1 or impos$ by t p]meat+ social contagion :i* is s irresi/ible 9 a natural democracy4 ,b if we consid] human nature at l>ge & ! practice ( mo/ nations1 we %all see t x is a v r>e1 wond]ful1 & un/able conv5tion4 ,x implies a r unimag9ative optimi/ic assumption t at bottom all m5's int]e/s are simil> & compatible1 & a r h]oic public _s--su* t no special int]e/1 9 s f> z x has to be ov]rul$1 %all rebel & try to ma9ta9 itself absolutely4 ,9 ,am]ica hi!rto ^! conditions happ5 to h be5 actually fulfill$ 9 an unusual measure4 ,int]e/s h be5 v simil>--to exploit bus9ess opportunities & organise public s]vices useful to all2 & ^! simil> int]e/s h be5 also compatible & h>moni\s4 ,a neighb\r1 ev5 a competitor1 :]e ! field is s l>ge & s little preempt$1 has m (t5 prov$ a res\rce ?an a dang]4 ,! ri* h help$ ! public m ?an !y h fleec$ x1 & !y h be5 emulat$ m ?an hat$ or s]v$ by ! ent]pris+ poor4 ,to aboli% millionaires w\ld h be5 to da% "o's own hopes4 ,! mo/ opposite sy/ems ( religion & education c\ld look smil+ly ^u "o ano!r's prosp]ity1 because ! c\ntry c\ld af=d ^! sup]ficial luxuries1 hav+ a con/itutional religion & education ( its own1 :i* ev]ybody drank 9 unconsci\sly & :i* assur$ ! moral cohesion ( ! p4 ,impulses ( reason & k9dness1 :i* are pot5tial 9 all m51 "u su* circum/ances c become effective2 p c help "o ano!r ) no great sacrifice to !mselves1 & m9orities c dismiss _! special plans )\t sorr[1 & *e]fully foll[ ! cr[d d[n ano!r road4 ,x 0 because life 9 ,am]ica 0 naturally m coop]ative & m pla/ic ?an 9 ,engl& t ! _s ( ,engli% lib]ty1 :i* dem&s coop]ation & pla/icity1 c\ld appe> !re m boldly & univ]sally ?an x ev] did at home4 ,engli% lib]ty is a me?od1 n a goal4 ,x is relat$ to ! value ( human life v mu* z ! police are relat$ to public morals or comm]ce to weal?2 & x is no accid5t t ! ,anglo,saxon race excels 9 comm]ce & 9 ! comm]cial z di/+ui%$ f ! arti/ic side ( indu/ry1 & t hav+ polic$ itself successfully x is beg9n+ to police ! _w at l>ge4 ,x is all an em95ce 9 temp]1 goodw1 reliability1 accommodation4 ,probably "s o!r races1 su* z ! ,jews & ,arabs1 make individually bett] m]*ants1 m %rewd1 pati5t1 & lov+ ( _! art4 ,engli%m5 & ,am]icans (t5 seem to miss or =ce opportunities1 to play = quick returns1 or to settle d[n into pond]\s corporations2 = successful m5 !y are n p>ticul>ly obs]vant1 con/ant1 or economical4 ,b ! sup]iority ( ! ,ori5tal is conf9$ to 8 private craft2 he has n ! _s ( p>tn]%ip4 ,9 ,engli% civilisation ! individual is neutralis$2 x does n matt] s mu* ev5 9 high places if he is r /upid or r *eap2 public _s su/a9s him1 & he becomes its in/rum5t all ! m readily1 p]haps1 = n be+ v di/+ui%$ or cle>head$ 9 himself4 ,! community prosp]s2 com=t & sci5ce1 good mann]s & g5]\s feel+s are diffus$ among ! p1 )\t ! aid ( t =esight & cunn+ direction :i* sometimes give a tempor>y advantage to a rival sy/em l ! ,g]man4 ,9 ! end1 adaptation to ! _w at l>ge1 :]e s mu* is hidd5 & un9telligible1 is only possible piecemeal1 by grop+ ) a g5u9e indet]m9ation 9 "o's aims4 ,its v loos5ess gives ! ,engli% me?od its li5 on ! future4 ,to dom9ate ! _w coop]ation is bett] ?an policy1 & empiricism saf] ?an inspiration4 ,anglo,saxon imp]ialism is un9t5d$2 milit>y conque/s are incid5tal to x & (t5 n ma9ta9$3 x subsi/s by a me*anical equilibrium ( habits & int]e/s1 9 :i* e colony1 prov9ce1 or protectorate has a diff]5t /atus4 ,x has a comm]cial & mission>y quality1 & is ess5tially an invitation to pull toge!r--an invitation :i* _m nations may be incapable ( accept+ or ev5 ( und]/&+1 or :i* !y may deeply scorn1 because x involves a surr5d] ( absolute lib]ty on _! "p2 b :e!r accept$ or reject$1 x is an (f] ( coop]ation1 a project = a limit$ p>tn]%ip1 n a complete plan ( life to be impos$ on anybody4 ,x is a wise in/9ct1 9 deal+ ) =eign]s or ) mat]ial ?+s 7:i* are =eign]s to ! m9d71 to limit oneself 9 ?is way to e/abli%+ ext]nal relations1 p>tial mutual adju/m5ts1 ) a great residuum ( indep5d5ce & res]ve2 if y attempt m y w a*ieve less2 y\r int]pretations w become *im]ical & y\r regim5 odi\s4 ,s deepseat$ is ?is prud5t in/9ct 9 ! ,engli% nature t x appe>s ev5 at home2 mo/ ( ! concrete ?+s :i* ,engli% g5ius has produc$ are exp$i5ts4 ,its spiritual treasures are h>dly possessions1 except z "* is a possession2 !y are r a /&>d ( life1 a promise1 an insurance4 ,engli% poetry & fiction =m an exception2 ! v incoh]5ce & artlessness :i* !y %>e ) s mu* else t is ,engli% l5d !m an absolute value z an expression4 ,!y are ! mirror & prattle ( ! inn] man--a boyi% _s a/ray 9 ! gre5 e>? x loves1 ri* 9 wond]1 p]plexity1 val\r1 & fai?1 giv5 to op9ionat$ little prejudices1 b )al s5sitive & c&id1 & (t5 lad51 z 9 ,hamlet1 ) exquisite music1 t5d] hum\r1 & tragic selfk4 ,b ap>t f ! lit]ature t simply utt]s ! inn] man1 no "o consid]+ ! ,engli% language1 ! ,engli% *ur*1 or ,engli% philosophy1 or consid]+ ! common law & p>liam5t>y gov]nm5t1 w\ld take !m = p]fect realisations ( art or tru? or an ideal polity4 ,in/itutions s jumbl$ & limp+ c\ld nev] h be5 plann$2 !y c nev] be transf]r$ to ano!r sett+1 or adopt$ bodily2 b special circum/ances & contr>y curr5ts h giv5 !m bir?1 & !y are accept$ & priz$1 :]e !y are native1 = keep+ ! door op5 to a great volume & v>iety ( goods1 at a mod]ate co/ ( dang] & absurdity4 ,( c\rse no product ( m9d is m]ely an exp$i5t2 all are concomitantly expressions ( temp]am5t2 !re is some?+ 9 _! mann] ( be+ practical :i* is poetical & cat*es ! rhy?m ( ! he>t4 ,9 ?is way any?+ =eign--& almo/ all ! elem5ts ( civilisation 9 ,engl& & ,am]ica are =eign--:5 x is adopt$ & acclimatis$1 takes on a native acc5t1 especially on ,engli% lips2 l ! ,lat9 words 9 ! language1 x becomes ?or\ghly ,engli% 9 texture4 ,! ,engli% ,bible1 aga91 ) its ar*aic homel9ess & maje/y1 sets ! m9d brood+1 n less ?an ! old ballad mo/ r$ol5t ( ! native pa/ & ! native imag9ation2 x fills ! memory ) solemn & pung5t phrases2 & ?is incid5tal _s ( poetry 9 :i* x comes to be clo!d is a selfrevelation p]haps m p]t95t & welcome to ! p ?an ! ali5 revelations x pr(esses to transmit4 ,engli% law & p>liam5ts1 too1 w\ld be v unju/ly judg$ if judg$ z practical contrivances only2 !y satisfy at ! same "t ! moral int]e/ p h 9 utt]+ & en=c+ _! feel+s4 ,^! in/itutions are c]emoni\s1 almo/ sacram5tal2 !y are in/9ct ) a dramatic _s deep] & m vital ?an _! utility4 ,engli%m5 & ,am]icans love debate2 !y love sitt+ r\nd a table z if 9 consultation1 ev5 :5 ! *airman has pull$ ! wires & settl$ ev]y?+ be=eh&1 & :5 ea* ( ! p>ticipants li/5s only to 8 own rem>ks & votes accord+ to 8 p>ty4 ,!y love committees & commissions2 !y love public d9n]s ) aft]d9n] spee*es1 ^? /amm]+ comp\nds ( faceti\sness1 platitude1 & bus9ess4 ,h[ di/ress+ su* spee*es usually are1 & h[ helplessly prolong$1 does n escape anybody2 yet e "o dem&s !m not)/&+1 because 9 pump+ !m up or sitt+ ?r\gh !m he feels he is lead+ ! political life4 ,a public man mu/ %[ himself 9 public1 ev5 if n to advantage4 ,! moral expressiv5ess ( su* in/itutions also helps to r$eem _! clumsy proc$ure2 !y w\ld n be useful1 nor "w at all z !y %\ld1 if p did n smack _! lips ov] !m & feel a pr(\nd pleasure 9 c>ry+ !m out4 ,)\t ! ,engli% _s1 )\t ! faculty ( mak+ !mselves believe 9 public :at !y nev] feel 9 private1 )\t ! habit ( clubb+ toge!r & fac+ facts1 & feel+ duty 9 a cauti\s1 consultative1 exp]im5tal way1 ,engli% lib]ties =feit _! practical value2 z we see :5 !y are ext5d$ to a volatile hi/rionic p l ! ,iri%1 or :5 a jury 9 ,france1 in/ead ( pron\nc+ simply on matt]s ( fact & ! cr$ibility ( witnesses1 ru%es 9 ! heat ( its patriotism to c>ry out1 by its v]dict1 "s political policy4 ,! practice ( ,engli% lib]ty presupposes two ?+s3 t all conc]n$ are fundam5tally unanim\s1 & t ea* has a pla/ic nature1 :i* he is will+ to modify4 ,if fundam5tal unanimity is lack+ & all are n mak+ 9 ! same g5]al direction1 !re c be no hone/ coop]ation1 no satisfy+ compromise4 ,e concession1 "u su* circum/ances1 w\ld be a tempor>y "o1 to be retract$ at ! fir/ fav\rable mom5t2 x w\ld am\nt to a mutilation ( "o's ess5tial nature1 a p>tial surr5d] ( life1 lib]ty1 & happ9ess1 tol]able = a "t1 p]haps1 z ! less] ( two evils1 b involv+ a p]petual sull5 opposition & hatr$4 ,to put ?+s to a vote1 & to accept unres]v$ly ! decision ( ! majority1 are po9ts ess5tial to ! ,engli% sy/em2 b !y w\ld be absurd if fundam5tal agreem5t 7 n presuppos$4 ,e decision t ! majority c\ld conceivably arrive at mu/ leave x /ill possible = ! m9ority to live & prosp]1 ev5 if n exactly 9 ! way !y wi%$4 ,7 ?is n ! case1 a decision by vote w\ld be z ali5 a fatality to any m9ority z ! decree ( a =eign tyrant1 & at e election ! "r ( rebellion w\ld come into play4 ,9 a he>ty & s\nd democracy all que/ions at issue mu/ be m9or matt]s2 fundam5tals mu/ h be5 sil5tly agre$ ^u & tak5 = grant$ :5 ! democracy arose4 ,to leave a decision to ! majority is l leav+ x to *ance--a fatal proc$ure unless "o is will+ to h x ei!r way4 ,y mu/ be able to risk los+ ! toss2 & if y d y w acquiesce all ! m readily 9 ! result1 because1 unless ! w9n]s *eat$ at ! game1 !y _h no m influ5ce on x ?an y\rself--namely none1 or v little4 ,y acquiesce 9 democracy on ! same conditions & = ! same reasons1 & p]haps a little m *e]fully1 because !re is an inf9itesimally bett] *ance ( w9n+ on ! av]age2 b ev5 !n ! enormity ( ! risk involv$ w\ld be intol]able if any?+ ( vital importance 0 at /ake4 ,x is !re=e actually requir$ t juries1 ^: decisions may really be ( mom5t1 %\ld be unanim\s2 & p>liam5ts & elections are nev] m satisfactory ?an :5 a wave ( national feel+ runs ?r\gh !m & !re is no long] any m9ority nor any ne$ ( vot+4 ,free gov]nm5t works well 9 proportion z gov]nm5t is sup]flu\s4 ,t mo/ p>liam5t>y measures %\ld be trivial or te*nical1 & really devis$ & debat$ only 9 gov]nm5t (fices1 & t gov]nm5t 9 ,am]ica %\ld s long h be5 c>ri$ on 9 ! %ade1 by p]sons ( no "n or dignity1 is no anomaly4 ,on ! contr>y1 l ! good =tune ( ^? :o nev] he> ( ! police1 x is all a sign t coop]ative lib]ty is work+ well & r5d]+ ov]t gov]nm5t unnecess>y4 ,sometimes k9%ip & opportunity c>ry a :ole nation be=e ! w9d2 b ?is happy unison belongs r to ! dawn ( national life1 :5 simil> tasks absorb all individual en]gies4 ,if x is to be ma9ta9$ aft] l9es ( moral cleavage appe>1 & is to be compatible ) v>iety & di/9ction ( "*1 all fur!r developm5ts mu/ be democratically controll$ & mu/ rema91 z x 71 9 a /ate ( fusion4 ,v>iety & di/9ction mu/ n become arbitr>y & irresponsible4 ,!y mu/ take directions t w n m> ! g5]al h>mony1 & no int]e/ mu/ be c>ri$ s f> z to lose sight ( ! re/4 ,sci5ce & art1 9 su* a vital democracy1 %\ld rema9 popul>1 helpful1 brac+2 religion %\ld be broadly national & 9 ! _s ( ! times4 ,! v>iety & di/9ction all[$ mu/ be only v>iety & di/9ction ( s]vice4 ,if !y ev] became a real di/9ction & v>iety ( life1 if !y arrogat$ to !mselves an absolute lib]ty1 !y w\ld %att] ! unity ( ! democratic _s & de/roy its moral au?ority4 ,! levell+ t5d5cy ( ,engli% lib]ty 7inevitable if pla/ic natures are to coop]ate & to make p]man5t concessions to "o ano!r's in/9cts7 comes out m cle>ly 9 ,am]ica ?an 9 ,engl& itself4 ,9 ,engl& !re are /ill ca/les & rural retreats1 !re are /ill social isl&s )9 ! ,isl&1 :]e special classes may nurse p>ticul> allegiances4 ,am]ica is all "o prairie1 swept by a univ]sal tornado4 ,al?\gh x has always ?\ght itself 9 an em95t s5se ! l& ( fre$om1 ev5 :5 x 0 cov]$ ) slaves1 !re is no c\ntry 9 :i* p live "u m ov]p[]+ compulsions4 ,! prohibitions1 al?\gh important & gr[+1 are n yet1 p]haps1 s _m or s blatant z 9 "s o!r c\ntries2 b prohibitions are less gall+ ?an compulsions4 ,:at c be =bidd5 specifically--bigamy1 = in/ance1 or h]esy--may be avoid$ by a prud5t man )\t r5\nc+ ! :ole movem5t ( life & m9d :i*1 if c>ri$ beyond a c]ta9 po9t1 w\ld end 9 ^? trespasses aga9/ conv5tion4 ,he c indulge 9 hypo!sis or gallantry )\t fall+ f\l ( ! positive law1 :i* inde$ may ev5 /imulate 8 int]e/ & +5uity by sugge/+ "s indirect means ( satisfaction4 ,on ! o!r h&1 :at is exact$ cuts deep]2 x creates habits :i* ov]lay nature1 & e faculty is atrophi$ t does n con=m ) !m4 ,if1 = in/ance1 ,i am compell$ to be 9 an (fice 7& up to bus9ess1 too7 f e>ly morn+ to late aft]noon1 ) long j\rneys 9 ?und]+ & swelt]+ tra9s be=e & aft] & a fly+ %ot at a quick lun* betwe51 ,i am caught & held bo? 9 s\l & body2 & except = ! fre$om to "w & to rise by t "w--:i* may be v int]e/+ 9 itself--,i am n suff]$ to exi/ morally at all4 ,my ev5+s w be dr[sy1 my ,sundays t$i\s1 & aft] a few days' holiday ,i %all be wi%+ to get back to bus9ess4 ,"h is z n>r[ a pa? left op5 to fre$om z is left op5 9 a mona/ic e/abli%m5t1 :]e bell & book keep y\r att5tion fix$ at all h\rs ^u ! h>d "w ( salvation--an inf9ite vi/a1 c]ta9ly1 if y\r s\l 0 n made to look ano!r way4 ,^?1 too1 :o may escape ?is cru%+ r\t9e--! invalids1 ! ladies1 ! fops--are none ! less prev5t$ by x f do+ any?+ else ) success or ) a good consci5ce2 ! bubbles also mu/ swim ) ! /ream4 ,ev5 :at is be/ 9 ,am]ican life is compulsory--! idealism1 ! zeal1 ! beautiful happy unison ( its great mom5ts4 ,y mu/ wave1 y mu/ *e]1 y mu/ pu% ) ! irresi/ible cr[d2 o!rwise y w feel l a traitor1 a s\lless outca/1 a des]t$ %ip high & dry on ! %ore4 ,9 ,am]ica !re is b "o way ( be+ sav$1 ?\gh x is n peculi> to any ( ! (ficial religions1 :i* !mselves mu/ sil5tly con=m to ! national or?odoxy1 or else become impot5t & m]ely ornam5tal4 ,?is national fai? & morality are vague 9 idea1 b inexorable 9 _s2 !y are ! gospel ( "w & ! belief 9 progress4 ,by !m1 9 a c\ntry :]e all m5 are free1 e man f9ds t :at mo/ matt]s has be5 settl$ = him be=eh&4 ,nev]!less1 ,am]ican life is free z a :ole1 because x is mobile1 because e atom t swims 9 x has a mom5tum ( its own :i* is felt & respect$ ?r\gh\t ! mass1 l ! weight ( an atom 9 ! sol> sy/em1 ev5 if ! deflection x may cause is inf9itesimal4 ,9 temp] ,am]ica is docile & n at all tyrannical2 x has n pr$et]m9$ its c>e]1 & its m]ciless mom5tum is a passive resultant4 ,l "s ,mississippi or ,niag>a1 x rolls its myriad drops g5tly onw>d1 be+ b ! suction & pressure :i* !y ex]cise on "o ano!r4 ,any tremul\s ?\ght or playful exp]im5t any:]e may be a fir/ symptom ( great *anges1 & may seem to precipitate ! cat>act 9 a new direction4 ,any sn[flake 9 a boy's sky may become ! c5tre = 8 b\le de neige1 8 prodigi\s =tune2 b ! mon/] w melt z easily z x grew1 & leaves nobody poor] = hav+ exi/$4 ,9 ,am]ica !re is duty ev]y:]e1 b ev]y:]e also !re is light4 ,i d n mean sup]ior und]/&+ or ev5 mod]ately wide k1 b op5ness to light1 an evid5t joy 9 see+ ?+s cle>ly & do+ !m briskly1 :i* w\ld am\nt to a v]itable triumph ( art & reason if ! affairs 9 :i* x came into play 7 c5tral & important4 ,! ,am]ican may give an exorbitant value to subsidi>y ?+s1 b 8 error comes ( ha/e 9 prais+ :at he possesses1 & tru/+ ! fir/ praises he he>s4 ,he c detect %>p practices1 because he is capable ( !m1 b vanity or wick$ness 9 ! ultimate aims ( a man1 includ+ himself1 he _c detect1 because he is +5u\s 9 t sph]e4 ,he ?9ks life spl5did & blameless1 )\t /opp+ to consid] h[ f> folly & malice may be inh]5t 9 x4 ,he feels t he himself has no?+ to dread1 no?+ to hide or apologise =2 & if he is arrogant 9 8 ignorance1 !re is (t5 a tw9kle 9 8 eye :5 he is mo/ boa/ful4 ,p]haps he suspects t he is mak+ a fool ( himself1 & he *all5ges ! _w to prove x2 & 8 innoc5ce is quickly gone :5 he is once conv9c$ t x exi/s4 ,accord+ly ! ,am]ican or?odoxy1 ?\gh imp]i\s1 is n unyield+4 ,x has a ke5] s5se = de/9y ?an = policy4 ,x is confid5t ( a happy & triumphant future1 :i* x w\ld be %ameful 9 any man to refuse to "w = & to %>e2 b x _c prefigure :at t bright future is to be4 ,:ile x works fev]i%ly 9 outw>d matt]s1 inw>dly x only wat*es & waits2 & x feels t5d]ly t[>ds ! unexpress$ impulses 9 its bosom1 l a "m t[>ds h] unborn "y4 ,!re is a my/ical conviction1 express$ 9 ,anglo,saxon life & philosophy1 t our lab\rs1 ev5 :5 !y end 9 failure1 contribute to "s ult]ior a*ievem5t 9 :i* x is well !y %\ld be subm]g$4 ,?is ,anglo,saxon piety1 9 ! =m ( tru/ & adaptability1 rea*es some:at ! same insight t m speculative religions h rea*$ ?r\gh asceticism1 ! insight t we mu/ r5\nce our wills & d5y ourselves4 ,b to h a w rema9s ess5tial to animals1 & hav+ a w we mu/ kick aga9/ ! pricks1 ev5 if philosophy ?9ks x fooli% ( u4 ,! _s 9 :i* p>ties & nations beyond ! pale ( ,engli% lib]ty confront "o ano!r is n mo!rly nor bro!rly nor ,*ri/ian4 ,_! valor\sness & morality consi/ 9 _! indomitable egotism4 ,! lib]ty !y want is absolute lib]ty1 a desire :i* is q primitive4 ,x may be id5tifi$ ) ! love ( life :i* animates all creation1 or ) ! pursuit ( happ9ess :i* all m5 w\ld be engag$ 9 if !y 7 rational4 ,inde$1 x might ev5 be id5tifi$ ) ! fir/ law ( motion1 t all bodies1 if left free1 p]sev]e 9 t /ate ( re/1 or ( motion 9 a /raight l9e1 9 :i* !y happ5 to f9d !mselves4 ,! enemies ( ?is primitive fre$om are all su* ext]nal =ces z make x deviate f ! c\rse x is 9 ! habit ( tak+ or is incl9$ to take2 & :5 p beg9 to reflect ^u _! condition1 !y prote/ aga9/ ?is ali5 tyranny1 & contra/ 9 fancy :at !y w\ld d if !y 7 free ) :at "u duress !y are actually do+4 ,all human /ruggles are inspir$ by :at1 9 ?is s5se1 is ! love ( fre$om4 ,ev5 crav+ = p[] & possessions may be reg>d$ z ! love ( a free life on a l>g] scale1 = :i* m in/rum5ts & res\rces are ne$$4 ,! apologi/s ( absolute w are n sl[1 = in/ance1 to tell u t ,g]many 9 h] labori\s ambitions has be5 pursu+ ! highe/ =m ( fre$om1 :i* c be atta9$ only by organis+ all ! res\rces ( ! _w1 & ! s\ls ( all subsidi>y nations1 ar\nd "o lum9\s c5tre ( direction & selfconsci\sness1 su* z ! ,prussian gov]nm5t 0 em95tly fitt$ to furni%4 ,fre$om to ex]cise absolute w me?odically seems to !m mu* bett] ?an ,engli% lib]ty1 because x kn[s :at x wants1 pursues x intellig5tly1 & does n rely = success on "s measure ( goodness 9 mank9d at l>ge4 ,engli% lib]ty is s tru/ful6 ,x moves by a s]ies ( *ecks1 mutual concessions1 & limit$ satisfactions2 x c\nts on *ivalry1 sportsman%ip1 bro!rly love1 & on t r>e/ & lea/ lucrative ( virtues1 fairm9d$ness3 x is a broadbas$1 /upid1 bl9d adv5ture1 grop+ t[>ds an unkn[n goal4 ,:o b an ,engli%man w\ld ?9k ( su* a ?+6 ,a fanatic1 a poet1 a doctr9aire1 a dilettante--any "o :o has a fix$ aim & cle> passions--w n reli% ,engli% lib]ty4 ,x w seem bitt] irony to him to give ! "n ( lib]ty to some?+ s muffl$1 exact+1 & oppressive4 ,9 fact ,engli% lib]ty is a positive infr+em5t & surr5d] ( ! fre$om mo/ f\ght = & mo/ prais$ 9 ! pa/4 ,x makes impossible ! sort ( lib]ty = :i* ! ,sp>tans di$ at ,!rmopyl1 or ! ,*ri/ian m>tyrs 9 ! ar5a1 or ! ,prote/ant re=m]s at ! /ake2 = ^! p all di$ because !y w\ld n coop]ate1 because !y 7 n pla/ic & w\ld nev] cons5t to lead ! life de> or at lea/ cu/om>y to o!r m54 ,!y insi/$ on be+ utt]ly diff]5t & indep5d5t & inflexible 9 _! *os5 sy/ems1 & aspir$ ei!r to de/roy ! society r\nd !m or at lea/ to insulate !mselves 9 ! mid/ ( x1 & live a jeal\s1 private1 un/a9$ life ( _! own )9 _! city walls or my/ical conclaves4 ,any "o :o passionately loves 8 p>ticul> c\ntry or passionately believes 9 8 p>ticul> religion _c be cont5t ) less lib]ty or m democracy ?an t2 he mu/ be free to live absolutely accord+ to 8 ideal1 & no ho/ile votes1 no ali5 int]e/s1 mu/ call on him to deviate f x by "o iota4 ,su* 0 ! claim to religi\s lib]ty :i* has play$ s l>ge a "p 9 ! revolutions & divisions ( ! we/]n _w4 ,e new h]esy pr(ess$ to be or?odoxy itself1 purifi$ & re/or$2 & woe to all backslid]s f ! re=m$ fai?6 ,ev5 ! popes1 )\t ?9k+ to be ironical1 h (t5 rais$ a wail = lib]ty4 ,su* too 0 ! aspiration ( ^? m$ival cities & b>ons :o f\ght = _! lib]ties & rights4 ,su* 0 ! aspiration ev5 ( ! ,am]ican decl>ation ( indep5d5ce & ! ,am]ican con/itution3 ca/iron docum5ts1 if only ! _s ( coop]ative ,engli% lib]ty _h n be5 !re to exp&1 embosom1 s(t51 or trans=m !m4 ,s ! ,fr5* revolution & ! ,russian "o ( today h aim$ at e/abli%+ society once = all on "s et]nally j pr9ciple1 & at aboli%+ all traditions1 int]e/s1 fai?s1 & ev5 words t did n belong to _! sy/em4 ,lib]ty1 = all ^! p5sive or rabid apo/les ( lib]ty1 meant lib]ty = !mselves to be j s1 & to rema9 j s = ev]1 toge!r ) ! mo/ vehem5t defiance ( anybody :o might ask !m1 = ! sake ( h>mony1 to be a little diff]5t4 ,!y summon$ e man to become free 9 exactly _! own fa%ion1 or h 8 head cut (f4 ,( c\rse1 to _m an individual1 life ev5 9 any su* free city or free *ur*1 fi]cely jeal\s ( its political indep5d5ce & moral purity1 w\ld prove to be a griev\s s]vitude2 & !re has always be5 a spr9kl+ ( rebels & m>tyrs & scornful philosoph]s prote/+ & fum+ aga9/ _! ultraindep5d5t & no?+ifnprote/+ sects4 ,to coop]ate ) anybody seems to ^! esprits =ts contam9ation1 s s5sitive are !y to any deviation f ! true nor? :i* _! compass might suff] ?r\gh ! neighb\rhood ( any human magnet4 ,if x is a weakness to be subject to influ5ce1 x is an imprud5ce to expose oneself to x2 & to be subject to influ5ce seems ignom9i\s to any "o ^: inw>d monitor is p]fectly articulate & det]m9$4 ,a c]ta9 vagu5ess ( s\l1 toge!r ) a great greg>i\sness & t5d5cy to be m\ld$ by example & by preval5t op9ion1 is requisite = feel+ free "u ,engli% lib]ty4 ,y mu/ f9d ! majority "r en\gh to live )2 y mu/ give up lo/ causes2 y mu/ be will+ to put y\r fav\rite notions to sleep 9 ! family cradle ( conv5tion4 ,en?usia/s = democracy1 peace1 & a league ( nations %\ld n deceive !mselves2 !y are n ev]ybody's fri5ds2 !y are ! enemies ( :at is deepe/ & mo/ primitive 9 ev]ybody4 ,!y inspire undy+ hatr$ 9 e untamable p & e absolute s\l4 ,x is 9 ! nature ( wild animal life to be f]oci\s or pati5t1 & 9 ei!r case h]oic & uncompromis+4 ,x is inevitable1 9 ! beg9n+1 t ea* p]son or faction %\ld come into ! li/s to s]ve "s express int]e/1 :i* 9 itself may be p]fectly noble & g5]\s4 ,b ^! int]e/s are posit$ alone & 9 all _! ultimate consequ5ces4 ,! p>ties meet1 h[ev] diplomatic _! proc$ure1 z buy]s & sell]s b>ga9 9 primitive m>kets4 ,ea* has a fix$ programme or1 z he p]haps calls x1 an ideal2 & :5 he has got z mu* z he c get today1 he w return to ! *>ge tomorr[1 ) absolutely un*ang$ purpose4 ,all oppos$ p>ties he reg>ds z %e] enemies to be beat5 d[n1 driv5 (f1 & ultimately conv]t$ or de/roy$4 ,meantime he practises political craft1 ( :i* ! climax is w>2 a craft n conf9$ to prie/s1 ?\gh !y are good at x1 b common to e mission>y1 agitator1 & philosophical politician :o op]ates 9 view ( "s ve/$ int]e/ or inflexible plan1 9 ! v un,engli% _s ( intrigue1 cajol]y1 eloqu5ce1 & dissimulation4 ,8 art is to worm 8 way =w>d1 us+ p's passions to fur!r 8 own ends1 c>ry+ !m (f _! feet 9 a wave ( en?usiasm1 :5 t is feasible1 & :5 x is n1 recomm5d+ 8 cause by insidi\s halfmeasures1 flatt]y ( private int]e/s1 confid5cetricks1 & amiable sugge/ions1 until he has put 8 entangl$ victims 9 8 pocket2 or :5 he feels /rong en\gh1 br[beat+ & intimidat+ !m into sil5ce4 ,su* is ! inevitable practice ( e prophet :o h]alds an absolute sy/em1 political or religi\s1 & :o pursues ! unqualifi$ dom9ation ( pr9ciples :i* he ?9ks "r 9 !mselves & ( a w :i* is selfju/ifi$ & irresponsible4 ,:y1 we may ask1 are p s ready to set up absolute claims1 :5 _! res\rces are obvi\sly s limit$ t p]man5t success is impossible1 & _! w itself1 9 reality1 is s fragile t x ab&ons ea* ( its dreams ev5 be=e x le>ns t x _c be realis$8 ,! reason is t ! feebl]1 m ignorant1 & m *ildlike an impulse is1 ! less x c re/ra9 itself or surr5d] a "p ( its desire 9 ord] ! bett] to atta9 ! re/4 ,9 mo/ nations & mo/ philosophies ! intellect is ru%$2 x is swept =w>d & enam\r$ by ! fir/ glimpses x gets ( any?+ good4 ,! dogmas ?us precipitat$ seem to relieve ! w ( all risks & to gu>antee its ent]prises2 :]eas 9 fact !y are r5d]+ e p]il tragic by bl9d+ u to x1 & e va9 hope incorrigible4 ,a happy %yness 9 ! ,engli% m9d1 a c]ta9 torpor & lat5ess 9 its utt]ance1 h l>gely sav$ x f ?is calamity1 & j because x is n brilliant x is safe4 ,be+ retic5t1 x rema9s f]tile2 be+ vague 9 its de/9ation1 x c turn at ea* corn] d[n ! mo/ invit+ road4 ,9 ?is race ! intellect has *os5 ! "p ( prud5ce1 leav+ c\rage to ! w1 :]e c\rage is indisp5sable4 ,h[ mu* m becom+ & =tunate is ?is balance ( faculties = an e>?ly be+ ?an an intellect t scales ! heav5s1 refut+ & prov+ ev]y?+1 :ile ! w d>es to attempt & to re=m no?+1 b fritt]s itself away 9 slo?1 petty malice1 & irony6 ,9 ! ,engli% "* mode/y & boldness appe> 9 ! "r places & 9 a j measure4 ,manl9ess v5tures to act )\t pret5d+ to be sure ( ! issue2 x does n cry t all is sure1 9 ord] to cov] up ! mortal p]ils ( f9itude2 & manl9ess has its rew>d 9 ! joys ( exploration & comrade%ip4 ,x is ?is massive malleable "*1 ?is vigor\s moral y\?1 t r5d]s coop]ation possible & progressive4 ,:5 int]e/s are fully articulate & fix$1 coop]ation is a sort ( ma!matical problem2 up to a c]ta9 precise limit1 p c obvi\sly help "o ano!r by summ+ _! ef=ts1 l sailors pull+ at a rope1 or by a division ( lab\r2 !y c obvi\sly help "o ano!r :5 !reby !y are help+ !mselves4 ,b beyond t1 !re c be no?+ b mutual indiff]5ce or et]nal ho/ility4 ,?is is ! old way ( ! _w4 ,mo/ ( ! l[] animals1 al?\gh !y run ?r\gh surpris+ trans=mations dur+ _! gr[?1 seem to rea* maturity by a pr$et]m9$ me?od & 9 a pr$et]m9$ =m4 ,nature does ev]y?+ = !m & exp]i5ce no?+1 & !y live or die1 z ! case may be1 true to _! innate "*4 ,mank9d1 on ! contr>y1 & especially ! ,engli% races1 seem to rea* physical maturity /ill morally immature2 !y ne$ to be f9i%$ by education1 exp]i5ce1 ext]nal influ5ces4 ,:at s (t5 spoils o!r creatures improves !m4 ,if left to !mselves & untra9$1 !y rema9 all _! lives /upid & co>se1 ) no natural joy b drunk5ness2 b nurs]ies & s*ools & *ur*es & social conv5tions c turn !m into ! mo/ ref9$ & exquisite ( m51 & admirably intellig5t too1 9 a cauti\s & special fa%ion4 ,!y may nev] become1 = all _! pa9s1 s agile1 graceful1 & sure z _m an animal or a priori man is )\t tr\ble1 b !y acquire m repres5tative m9ds & a great] range ( mat]ial k4 ,su* completion1 9 ! op5 air1 ( *>act]s only half=m$ 9 ! womb may g on 9 "s *ance direction1 or x may g on 9 ! direction ( a great] social h>mony1 t is1 9 :atev] direction is sugge/$ to ea* man by ! suasion ( 8 neighb\rs4 ,society is a second "m to ^! s\ls2 & ! in/9cts ( _m animals w\ld rema9 in*oate if ! great in/9ct ( imitation did n int]v5e & enable !m to le>n by example4 ,developm5t 9 ?is case involves assimilation2 *>act]s are m\ld$ by contagion & educat$ by democracy4 ,! sph]e ( unanimity t5ds to gr[ l>g]1 & to r$uce ! m>g9 ( div]sity to insignificance4 ,! result is an ev]increas+ moral unison1 :i* is ! simple/ =m ( moral h>mony & emotionally ! mo/ co]cive4 ,democracy is (t5 m5tion$ 9 ! same brea? ) lib]ty1 z if !y meant ! same ?+2 & bo? are sometimes id5tifi$ ) ! sort ( elective gov]nm5t t prevails 9 ,great ,brita9 & ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,b j z ,engli% lib]ty seems s]vitude to "s p because x requires !m to coop]ate1 to submit to ! majority1 & to gr[ l !m1 s ,engli% democracy seems tyranny to ! wayw>d masses1 because x is con/itutional1 hi/orical1 & sacr$1 n>r[+ d[n ! p[] ( any gr\p ( p at any "t to vot+ = "o ( two or ?ree c&idates = (fice1 or to say+ yes or no to "s specific proposal--bo? ! proposals & ! c&idates be+ set be=e !m by an invisible ag5cy2 & fate 0 nev] m inexorable or bl9d] ?an is ! gr9d+ ( ?is pond]\s political mill1 :]e r\t9e1 nepotism1 pique1 & swagg]1 ) love ( (fice & money1 turn all ! :eels4 ,& ! wor/ ( x is t ! revolution>y p>ties t oppose ?is hi/orical ma*9e repeat all its abuses1 or ev5 aggravate !m4 ,x w\ld be well if p 9 ,engl& & ,am]ica woke up to ! fact t x is 9 ! "n ( natural lib]ty & direct democracy t enemies bo? )9 & )\t are already ris+ up aga9/ _! democracy & _! lib]ty4 ,j z ! ,papacy once ?reat5$ ,engli% lib]ties1 because x w\ld ma9ta9 "o inflexible int]national religion ov] all m51 s n[ an int]national democracy ( ! dis9h]it$ _m1 l$ by ! dis9h]it$ few1 ?reat5s ,engli% lib]ties aga91 s9ce x w\ld aboli% ^? private int]e/s :i* are ! factors 9 any coop]ation1 & w\ld r$uce ev]ybody to =c$ memb]%ip & =c$ s]vice 9 "o univ]sal flock1 )\t prop]ty1 family1 c\ntry1 or religion4 ,t life "u su* a sy/em might h its com=ts1 its arts1 & its atomic lib]ties1 is c]ta91 j z "u ! ,ca?olic sy/em x _h its virtues & consolations2 b bo? sy/ems presuppose ! univ]sality ( a type ( human nature :i* is n ,engli%1 & p]haps n human4 ,! great advantage ( ,engli% lib]ty is t x is 9 h>mony ) ! nature ( ?+s2 & :5 liv+ be+s h manag$ to adapt _! habits to ! nature ( ?+s1 !y h ent]$ ! pa? ( heal? & wisdom4 ,no d\bt ! liv+ w is ess5tially absolute1 bo? at ! top & at ! bottom1 9 ! f]oci\s animal & 9 ! rapt _s2 b x is absolute ev5 !n only 9 its deliv]ance1 9 :at x ass]ts or dem&s2 no?+ c be less absolute or m prec>i\s ?an ! liv+ w 9 its exi/5ce4 ,a liv+ w is ! flexible voice ( a ?\s& subm]g$ impulses1 ( :i* n[ "o & n[ ano!r comes to ! surface2 x is responsive1 )\t kn[+ x1 to a complex =gott5 pa/ & a *ang+1 unexplor$ environm5t4 ,! w is a mass ( passions2 :5 x sets up absolute claims x is bo? tragic & ridicul\s4 ,x may be ready to be a m>tyr1 b x w h to be "o4 ,m>tyrs are h]oic2 b unless !y h ! nature ( ?+s on _! side & _! cause c be victori\s1 _! h]oism is l t ( crim9als & madm51 int]e/+ dramatically b morally dete/able4 ,madm5 & crim9als1 l o!r m>tyrs1 appeal to ! popul> imag9ation1 because 9 ea* ( u !re is a little absolute w1 or a colony ( little absolute wills1 a*+ to be crim9al1 mad1 & h]oic4 ,yet ! equilibrium by :i* we exi/ if we are sane1 & :i* we call reason1 keeps ^! rebelli\s dreams "u2 if !y run wild1 we are lo/4 ,reason is a h>mony2 & x has be5 reput$ by egoti/ical philosoph]s to rule ! _w 79 :i* unreason ( e sort is fundam5tal & rampant71 because :5 h>mony betwe5 m5 & nature sup]v5es at any place or 9 any measure1 ! _w becomes intelligible & safe1 & philosoph]s are able to live 9 x4 ,! passions1 ev5 9 a rational society1 rema9 ! elem5ts ( life1 b "u mutual control1 & ! life ( reason1 l ,engli% lib]ty1 is a p]petual compromise4 ,absolute lib]ty1 on ! contr>y1 is impracticable2 x is a fooli% *all5ge ?r[n by a newborn insect buzz+ aga9/ ! univ]se2 x is incompatible ) m ?an "o pulse ( life4 ,all ! decl>ations ( indep5d5ce 9 ! _w w n r5d] anybody really indep5d5t4 ,y may disreg>d y\r environm5t1 y _c escape x2 & y\r disreg>d ( x w br+ y moral empov]i%m5t & "s day unpleasant surprises4 ,ev5 ,rob9son ,crusoe--:om (f5d$ ,am]ica once tri$ to imitate--liv$ on :at he _h sav$ f ! wreck1 on footpr9ts & di/ant hopes4 ,lib]ty to be left alone1 n int]f]$ ) & n help$1 is n ,engli% lib]ty4 ,x is ! primeval desire ( e wild animal or b>b>\s tribe or jeal\s city or religion1 claim+ to live & to tramp ?r\gh ! _w 9 its own sweet way4 ,^! combative organisms1 h[ev]1 h only su* /r5g? z ! opposite pr9ciple ( coop]ation l5ds !m inw>dly2 & ! m lib]ty !y assume 9 =eign affairs ! less lib]ty _! memb]s c enjoy at home4 ,at home !y mu/ !n h organisation at all co/s1 l anci5t ,sp>ta & mod]n ,g]many2 & ev5 if ! re/ra9ts s impos$ are n irksome & !re is spontane\s unison & en?usiasm 9 ! p1 ! basis ( su* a local h>mony w soon prove too n>r[4 ,nations & religions w run up aga9/ "o ano!r1 aga9/ *ange1 aga9/ sci5ce1 aga9/ all ! realities !y _h nev] reckon$ )2 & m or less pa9fully !y w dissolve4 ,& x w n be a normal & fruitful dissolution1 l t ( a man :o leaves *ildr5 & heirs4 ,x w be ! end ( t evolution1 ! *ok+ ( t ideal 9 ! s&4 ,?is collapse ( fi]ce lib]ty is no ord9>y mutation1 su* z "t br+s soon] or lat] to ev]y?+ t exi/s1 :5 ! circum/ances t su/a9$ x 9 be+ no long] prevail4 ,x is a deep trag$y1 because ! n>r[] passions & swift] h>monies are m beautiful & p]fect ?an ! *aos or ! dull broad equilibrium t may take _! place4 ,coop]ative life is reasonable & longw9d$2 b x always rema9s imp]fect itself1 :ile x some:at smo!rs ! impulses t ent] into x4 ,absolute lib]ty creat$ ^! elem5ts2 inspiration1 free intellig5ce1 uncompromis+ conviction1 a p>ticul> home & bre$+gr\nd1 7 requisite to give !m bir?4 ,no?+ good c\ld arise = coop]ation to diffuse or to qualify unless fir/ !re _h be5 complete lib]ty = ! arti/ & an uncontam9at$ p]fection 9 8 "w4 ,reason & ! pr9ciple ( ,engli% lib]ty h no creative afflatus2 !y presuppose spontaneity & yet !y half /ifle x2 & !y c re/ 9 no =m ( p]fection1 because !y mu/ rema9 pla/ic & cont9ually invite am5dm5ts1 9 ord] to cont9ue broadly adju/$ to an inf9ite mov+ _w4 ,_! "w is accord+ly l ^? ca!drals at :i* _m successive ages h lab\r$1 ea* 9 its own /yle4 ,we may regret1 sometimes1 t "s "o design c\ld n h be5 c>ri$ out 9 its purity1 & yet all ^! secul> accretions h a wond]ful eloqu5ce2 a common piety & love ( beauty h inspir$ !m2 age has fus$ !m & s(t5$ _! incongruities2 & an inexpressible magic seems to hang ab\t ! composite pile1 z if ,god & man brea!d deeply )9 x4 ,x is a h>mony wov5 out ( accid5ts1 l e "w ( "t & nature1 & all ! m pr(\nd & f]tile because no m9d c\ld ev] h design$ x4 ,"s su* natural /ructure1 =m$ & re=m$ by circum/ances1 is ! requisite matrix & home = e moral be+4 ,accord+ly !re seems to h be5 sob] s5se & ev5 sev]e ?\ght beh9d ! rant ( ,web/] :5 he cri$1 8,lib]ty & ,union1 n[ & = ev]1 "o & insep>able60 because if = ! sake ( lib]ty y ab&on union & resi/ a mutual adaptation ( purposes :i* might cripple ea* ( !m1 y\r lib]ty loses its massiv5ess1 its pla/icity1 its p[] to survive *ange2 x ceases to be t5tative & human 9 ord] to become animal & absolute4 ,nature mu/ always produce little irresponsible passions t w try to rule h]1 b %e c nev] cr[n any "o ( !m ) m ?an a !atrical success2 ! wrecks ( absolute empires1 communisms1 & religions are !re to prove x4 ,b ,engli% lib]ty1 because x is coop]ative1 because x calls only = a p>tial & %ift+ unanimity among liv+ m51 may la/ indef9itely1 & c enli/ e reasonable man & nation 9 its s]vice4 ,?is is ! be/ h]itage ( ,am]ica1 ri*] ?an its virg9 cont95ts1 :i* x draws f ! temp]ate & manly _s ( ,engl&4 ,c]ta9ly absolute fre$om w\ld be m beautiful if we 7 birds or poets2 b coop]ation & a lov+ sacrifice ( a "p ( ourselves--or ev5 ( ! :ole1 save ! love 9 u--are beautiful too1 if we are m5 liv+ toge!r4 ,absolute lib]ty & ,engli% lib]ty are incompatible1 & mank9d mu/ make a pa9ful & a brave *oice betwe5 !m4 ,! necessity ( reject+ & de/roy+ "s ?+s t are beautiful is ! deepe/ curse ( exi/5ce4 ,,! ,,end ,pr9t$ 9 ,great ,brita9 by ,r4 ,r4 ,cl>k1 ,limit$1 ,ed9burgh4