,! ,g>d5-,craft ,s]ies ,,edit$ ,,by ,l4 ,h4 ,,bailey ,,! ,,practical ,,g>d5-,,book ,,! ,,practical ,,g>d5-,,book ,,conta9+ ,,! ,,simple/ ,,directions ,,= ,,! ,,gr[+ ,,( ,,! ,,commone/ ,,?+s ,,ab\t ,,! ,,h\se ,,& ,,g>d5 ,,by ,c4 ,e4 ,,hunn ,,& ,l4 ,h4 ,,bailey ,,?ird ,,edition ,new ,york ,,! ,,macmillan ,,company ,,london3 ,,macmillan ,,co41 ,,ltd4 #aijc ,all rights res]v$ ,,copyright1 #aijj ,,by ,,! ,,macmillan ,,company 999999 ,set up & electrotyp$ ,m>*1 #aijj ,repr9t$ ,febru>y1 #aija1 & ,june1 #aijc ,m\nt ,pleasant ,press ,j4 ,horace ,mc,farland ,company ,h>risburg1 ,p5nsylvania ,l ! love ( music1 books & pictures1 ! love ( g>d5s comes ) culture & leisure & ) ! rip5+ ( ! home life4 ,! love ( g>d5s1 z ( e o!r beautiful & ref9+ ?+1 mu/ increase to ! end ( "t4 ,m & m mu/ ! sympa?ies enl>ge4 ,!re mu/ be m po9ts ( contact ) ! _w4 ,life ev] becomes ri*]4 ,g>d5+ is m ?an ! gr[+ ( plants3 x is ! expression ( desire4 ,z !re mu/ be _m g>d5]s1 s !re mu/ be _m books4 ,!re mu/ be books = diff]5t p]sons & diff]5t ideals4 ,! g>d5 made by "o's own h&s is always ! be/ g>d51 because x is a "p ( oneself4 ,a g>d5 made by ano!r may int]e/1 b x is ano!r p]son's individuality4 ,a poor g>d5 ( "o's own is bett] ?an a good g>d5 9 :i* "o may n dig4 ,_m a poor s\l has m help 9 a plant 9 ! w9d[ ?an ano!r has 9 a plantation made by a g>d5]4 ,i w\ld emphasize ! home g>d51 made by ! memb]s ( ! family4 ,i w\ld prea* ! beauty ( ! common plants & ! famili> places4 ,^! ?+s are nev] old4 ,_m times ,i h not$ h[ int5tly an audi5ce ( plant-lov]s w li/5 to ! mo/ commonplace details respect+ ! cultivation ( plants ) :i* !y h be5 always famili>4 ,!re 0 no?+ new 9 :at !y he>d2 b !y lik$ to h ! old /ory told ov] aga91 & e detail call$ up a memory4 ,! same que/ions are ask$ e ye>1 & !y always w be ask$1--! que/ions ab\t ! simple/ g>d5 op]ations4 ,^u ?is desire = commonplace advice ! horticultural j\rnals live4 ,a j\rnal :i* publi%es only ?+s t are new w\ld f9d little support4 ,"s ( ^! common que/ions ,i h tri$ to answ] 9 ?is little book4 ,i wi% !m answ]$ 9 ! simple & direct phrase ( ! g>d5]4 ,!re=e ,i ask$ my fri5d ,c4 ,e4 ,hunn1 g>d5] to ! ,horticultural ,dep>tm5t ( ,cornell ,univ]sity1 :o lives ) plants1 to write advice = "o :o w\ld make a g>d52 & ?is he did 9 a summ] vacation4 ,^! notes1 edit$ & amplifi$1 n[ make ?is book4 ,l4 ,h4 ,,bailey4 ,,horticultural ,,dep>tm5t1 ,,cornell ,,univ]sity4 ,,i?aca1 ,n4 ,y41 ,febru>y #bb1 #aijj4 ,,! ,,practical ,,g>d5-,,book 999999 ,,abobra ,,viridiflora4 ,a h&some t5d] climb] ) tub]\s roots1 t may be tak5 up 9 ! fall & /or$ 9 a cell>4 ,! foliage is d>k & glossy1 ! fl[]s small & inconspicu\s2 b ! small sc>let fruits are v effective 9 contra/ to ! leaves1 mak+ x a desirable scre5 plant4 ,x is sold by se$sm54 ,se$s s[n z soon z w>m wea!r comes w give plants :i* bloom 9 ! op5 79 a w>m soil & exposure71 & :i* rea* a height ( #e-h ft4 ,x is sometimes gr[n z a glas%\se plant4 ,x is cucurbitace\s 7alli$ to melons & g\rds74 ,,abronia4 ,cali=nian trail+ p]5nials1 b treat$ z h>dy annuals4 ,!y ?rive 9 any w>m1 op5 g>d5 soil1 & are v satisfactory = ! m>g9s ( b$s or bord]s4 ,! little fl[]s are borne 9 clu/]s4 ,a4 latifolia or ar5>ia 7yell[7 & ,a4 umbellata or gr&iflora 7p9k7 are ! lead+ k9ds4 ,usually s[n :]e !y are to bloom4 ,peel ! husk (f ! se$ be=e s[+4 ,illu/ration3 ,abutilon /riatum ,,abutilons1 or ,,fl[]+ ,,maples z !y are call$ by _m1 make f9e h\se or b$d+ plants4 ,common k9ds may be gr[n f se$ or f cutt+s ( "y wood4 ,if ! =m]1 ! se$ %\ld be s[n 9 ,febru>y or ,m>* 9 a temp]ature ( n less ?an #fj deg4 ,! se$l+s %\ld be pott$ :5 f f\r to six leaves h gr[n1 9 a ri*1 s&y soil4 ,frequ5t pott+s %\ld be made to insure a rapid gr[?1 mak+ plants l>ge en\gh to fl[] by fall4 ,or1 ! se$l+s may be plant$ out 9 ! bord] :5 dang] ( fro/ is ov]1 & tak5 up 9 ! fall be=e fro/3 ^! plants w bloom all w9t]4 ,ab\t "o-half ( ! new] gr[? %\ld be cut (f :5 !y are tak5 up1 z !y are v apt to sp9dle up :5 gr[n 9 ! h\se4 ,:5 gr[n f cutt+s1 "y wood %\ld be us$1 :i*1 aft] be+ well root$1 may be treat$ 9 ! same mann] z ! se$l+s4 ,! v>ieties ) v>iegat$ leaves h be5 improv$ until ! foliage effects are equal to ! fl[]s ( "s v>ieties2 &1 ^! are a great addition to ! cons]vatory or w9d[ g>d54 ,! /aple spott$-leav$ type is ,a4 ,?ompsoni4 ,a compact =m1 n[ mu* us$ = b$d+ & o!r outdoor "w1 is ,savitzii1 :i* is a horticultural v>iety1 n a di/9ct species4 ,! old-fa%ion$ gre5-leav$ ,a4 /riatum1 f :i* ,a4 ,?ompsoni has probably sprung1 is "o ( ! be/4 ,a4 megapotamicum or vexill>ium is a trail+ or droop+ r$-&-yell[-fl[]$ species1 :i* is excell5t = baskets4 ,x propagates readily f se$4 ,abutilons are mo/ satisfactory = h\se plants :5 !y are n mu* m ?an a ye> old4 ,!y ne$ no special treatm5t4 ,,aconitum4 ,,monk',s ,,hood4 ,,wolf',s ,,bane4 ,h>dy h]bace\s p]5nials alli$ to l>kspurs4 ,!y are %[y bord] plants1 usually fl[]+ ! fir/ ye> f se$1 if ! se$ is />t$ e>ly1 & be>+ panicles ( qua9t hood-%ap$1 ri* fl[]s4 ,! colors h a wide range1 b are usually deep blue4 ,! improv$ v>ieties are mu* sup]ior 9 size & m>k+s4 ,aconitums are mo/ effective :5 plant$ 9 a mix$ bord]3 ! fl[] /alks be+ held well up1 %[ ! blossoms to good advantage4 ,se$ may be s[n e two ye>s1 z ! plants 9 _! ye>-old & #b-ye>-old /age h ! l>ge/ blossoms4 ,s[ 9 g5tle heat 9 ,m>*1 transplant+ to bord] :5 ! wea!r is settl$4 ,roots may be divid$ if desir$1 b be/ results are to be expect$ f se$l+s4 ,a4 ,napellus is ! commone/ "o4 ,! plants are v poison\s if eat54 ,bloom 9 e>ly summ]4 #b-c ft4 ,,acrocl9ium4 ,a l[-gr[+ ev]la/+ annual fl[]1 :ite1 violet1 or rose 9 color4 ,se$s %\ld pref]ably be />t$ 9 a hotb$ or w9d[1 & plant$ out :5 dang] ( fro/ is pa/2 ! fl[]s %\ld be ga!r$ :5 half exp&$ & hung 9 ! %ade to dry4 ,half-h>dy4 ,plant #a foot ap>t4 ,gr[ #aj-ae 94 high4 ,see ,ev]la/+s4 ,illu/ration3 ,adlumia cirrhosa ,,adlumia4 ,,m\nta9 ,,fr+e4 ,,allegh5y ,,v9e4 ,"o ( ! da9tie/ ( climb]s1 mak+ a v rapid gr[?1 & :5 once e/abli%$ se$+ itself & ?riv+ = ye>s1 gr[+ #aj or #ae feet 9 a season4 ,give ri*1 r moi/ soil4 ,x is bi5nial1 bloom+ ! second ye>4 ,fl[]s l ^? ( ! ble$+ he>t & o!r dic5tras4 ,x is native4 ,,adonis4 ,a l[-gr[+ h>dy annual or p]5nial ( ! easie/ culture4 ,x makes a f9e mass effect1 z ! fl[]s are a /rik+ d>k sc>let or crimson color1 & ! plants are v free & cont9u\s bloom]s4 ,s[ e>ly 9 ! spr+ :]e want$4 ,! p]5nial yell[-fl[]$ sorts sometimes bloom ! fir/ ye> f se$4 ,adonises are v neat 9 habit1 & ! foliage is f9e & int]e/+4 #aj-ae 94 ,,agapan?us4 ,,african ,,lily4 ,a tub]\s-root$1 well kn[n cons]vatory or w9d[ plant4 ,x l5ds itself to _m conditions & proves satisfactory a l>ge "p ( ! ye>1 ! leaves =m+ a gre5 ar* ov] ! pot1 cov]+ x entirely 9 a well gr[n specim54 ,! fl[]s are borne 9 a l>ge clu/] on /ems gr[+ f #b to #c ft4 high1 z _m z two or ?ree hundr$ bright blue fl[]s (t5 =m+ on a s+le plant4 ,a l>ge1 well gr[n plant ?r[s up a numb] ( fl[]-/alks ?r\gh ! e>ly season4 ,! "o ess5tial to free gr[? is an abundance ( wat] & an occasional application ( manure wat]4 ,propagation is effect$ by division ( ! (fsets1 :i* may be brok5 f ! ma9 plant 9 e>ly spr+4 ,aft] fl[]+1 gradually less5 ! quantity ( wat] until !y are plac$ 9 w9t] qu>t]s1 :i* %\ld be a position free f fro/ & mod]ately dry4 ,! ,agapan?us1 be+ a heavy fe$]1 %\ld be gr[n 9 /rong loam to :i* is add$ well rott$ manure & a little s&4 ,illu/ration3 ,ag]atum ,,ag]atum4 ,a half-h>dy annual1 us$ z a bord] plant1 = ribbon b$d+ = mass effect1 or 9 mix$ b$s ( g]anium1 coleuses & o!r plants4 ,! se$s g]m9ate readily1 b z ! plant is only half-h>dy & is usually want$ 9 fl[] :5 plant$ out1 x is usual to s[ ! se$ 9 boxes plac$ 9 hotb$s or w9d[s 9 ,m>*1 transplant+ ! se$l+s to small boxes or pots & gr[+ ! "y plants on until ! #a/ ( ,may1 :5 !y may be plant$ out4 ,pieces ( "y wood root v easily1 & ! g>d5] usually increases 8 /ock by cutt+s4 ,! dw>f v>ieties are ! mo/ desirable1 & ! two colors1 blue & :ite1 may be plant$ toge!r4 #b-c ft4 ,plants may be tak5 up 9 ! fall & set 9 ! h\se2 cut !m back sev]ely4 ,,allegh5y ,,v9e4 ,see ,adlumia4 ,,almond is ab\t z h>dy z ! pea*1 b x blooms s e>ly 9 ! spr+ t x is little gr[n ea/ ( ! ,pacific slope4 ,x is an int]e/+ ornam5tal tree1 & its e>ly bloom is a m]it :5 ! fruit is n desir$4 ,! ,almonds commonly sold by nurs]ym5 9 ! ea/ are h>d-%ell v>ieties1 & ! nuts are n good en\gh = comm]ce4 ,! ,almond fruit is a drupe1 l ! pea*1 b ! fle% is ?9 & h>d & ! pit is ! ,almond ( comm]ce4 ,culture ! same z = pea*4 ,fl[]+ ,almond is a v e>ly-fl[]+ bu%1 excell5t = %rub-bord]s4 ,x is usually graft$ on plum /ock1 & "o mu/ take c>e to keep d[n ! plum spr\ts :i* sometimes spr+ f ! root4 ,,aloe4 ,succul5t tropical plants1 sometimes se5 9 w9d[ g>d5s4 ,( easy culture4 ,see t ! pots h p]fect dra9age4 ,make a soil ( s&y loam1 ) "o-?ird or "o-f\r? "p ( brok5 brick4 ,pot firmly4 ,wat] :5ev] ne$$1 b ! soil & dra9age %\ld be su* t ! e>? does n rema9 soggy or become s\r4 ,aloes ?rive ye> aft] ye> )\t repott+4 ,usually propagat$ by cutt+s4 ,a4 v>iegata is ! commone/ species4 ,,alonsoa4 ,t5d] annual4 ,n v well kn[n1 b a bright plant = second-r[ bord] or a l[ b$d+ plant4 ,plant$ aga9/ %rubb]y or o!r protection aft] dang] ( fro/ is ov]1 x light5s up a d>k corn]4 #b-c ft4 ,plant #aj-ae 94 ap>t1 9 a w>m place protect$ f w9d4 ,,al/rom]ia4 ,! ,al/rom]ias belong to ! am>yllis family1 be+ tub]\s-root$ plants1 hav+ leafy /ems & t]m9at+ 9 a clu/] ( f #aj to #ej small lily-%ap$ fl[]s ( ri* colors4 ,mo/ ( ! k9ds %\ld be giv5 pot culture1 z !y are easily gr[n & are n h>dy 9 ! op5 9 ! nor?4 ,! culture is ne>ly t ( ! am>yllis1--a good1 fibr\s loam ) a little s&1 pott+ ! tub]s 9 e>ly spr+ or late fall4 ,/>t ! plants sl[ly1 giv+ only wat] en\gh to cause root gr[?2 b aft] gr[? has become e/abli%$1 a quantity ( wat] may be giv54 ,aft] fl[]+ !y may be treat$ z are am>yllis or agapan?us4 ,! plants gr[ #a to #b-a_/b ft4 high4 ,! fl[]s (t5 h odd colors4 ,,al?aea4 ,see ,hollyhock4 ,illu/ration3 ,sweet ,alyssum ,,alyssum1 ,,sweet4 ,a l[-gr[+1 h>dy1 :ite-fl[]$1 v fragrant annual :i* is mu* us$ = edg+s1 w9d[ boxes1 & ! l4 ,x is ( ! easie/ culture 9 any soil1 b ?rives be/ 9 a g>d5 loam ( mod]ate f]tility4 ,se$s may be s[n z e>ly z ! gr\nd c be well prep>$ 9 spr+4 ,! plant w beg9 to bloom :5 #b or #c in*es high1 & cont9ue to bloom1 z x gr[s1 until aft] ! fir/ h>d fro/s4 ,x makes a mat #a to #b ft4 across4 ,if imm$iate effects are n desir$1 ! plants %\ld be ?9n$ out or transplant$ to /& half a foot ap>t4 ,x r>ely /&s m ?an a foot high4 ,9 ! fall1 plants may be cut back & put into pots or boxes1 & !y w bloom 9 ! w9d[4 ,bett] results 9 w9t] bloom+ are secur$ by />t+ se$s 9 boxes 9 ,augu/1 ,septemb] or ,octob]4 ,!re are c]ta9 h>dy p]5nial yell[-fl[]$ ,alyssums :i* are useful = prom95t edg+s & = rockwork4 ,illu/ration3 ,pr9ce's ,fea!r ,,am>antus4 ,decorative annuals4 ,"o species 7) erect spikes7 is kn[n z ,,pr9ce',s ,,fea!r1 ano!r 7) v>iegat$ foliage7 z ,,joseph',s ,,coat1 & /ill ano!r 7) droop+ spikes7 z ,,love-,,lies-,,ble$+4 ,probably ! f9e/ ( ! li/ is ,a4 salicifolius1 (t5 call$ ,f\nta9 ,plant4 ,?is has graceful will[-%ap$ leaves1 b&$ & tipp$ ) c>m9e1 bronze & orange4 ,! tall k9ds make f9e scre5s = unsightly objects4 ,!y may also be us$ aga9/ masses ( gre5 to add color4 ,! ,am>an?s are half-h>dy or t5d] plants1 & %\ld be s[n 9 boxes 9 ,m>* or ,april1 to be plant$ out aft] all dang] ( fro/ is pa/4 ,se$s may also be s[n :]e ! plants are to /&4 ,!y 7 once among ! mo/ popul> ( g>d5 plants1 b = a few ye>s h be5 neglect$4 ,f9e colors h rec5tly be5 develop$1 & !y are aga9 becom+ favorites4 ,z !y are r co>se & we$y plants1 d n use !m ) da9ty fl[]s4 ,mo/ k9ds gr[ #b-c ft4 high & spread #b-c ft4 ,,am>yllis4 ,popul> "n ( a v>iety ( h\se or cons]vatory t5d] bulbs1 b prop]ly appli$ only to ! ,belladonna ,lily4 ,mo/ ( !m are hippea/rums1 b ! culture ( all is simil>4 ,!y are satisfactory h\se plants4 ,! "o objection to _! culture is ! habit ( ! fl[]-/alk />t+ into gr[? be=e ! leaves />t4 ,?is is caus$ 9 mo/ cases by /imulat+ root gr[? be=e ! bulb has _h suffici5t re/4 ,! bulbs %\ld be dormant = f\r or five mon?s 9 a dry place ) a temp]ature ( ab\t #ej deg4 ,:5 want$ to be br\ght into fl[]1 ! bulbs1 if to be repott$1 %\ld h all ! dirt %ak5 (f & pott$ 9 soil compos$ ( fibr\s loam & leaf-mold1 to :i* %\ld be add$ a little s&4 ,if ! loam is a heavy "o1 place ! pot 9 a w>m situation2 a sp5t hotb$ is a good place4 ,wat] z ne$$1 & z ! fl[]s develop liquid manure may be giv54 ,if l>ge clumps are well e/abli%$ 9 #h- or #aj-;in* pots1 !y may be top-dress$ ) new soil conta9+ rott$ manure1 & z gr[? increases liquid manure may be giv5 twice a week until ! fl[]s op54 ,aft] fl[]+1 gradually )hold wat] until ! leaves die4 ,! mo/ popul> species = w9d[ g>d5s is ,a4 ,johnsoni 7prop]ly a hippea/rum71 ) r$ fl[]s4 ,,ame?y/4 ,see ,br[allia4 ,,ammobium4 ,a half-h>dy p]5nial ev]la/+ ) :ite fl[]s4 ,?rives be/ 9 s&y soil4 ,s[ se$s :]e plants are to /&4 ,al?\gh p]5nial1 x blooms ! fir/ ye> f se$1 & is usually treat$ z an annual4 #b-c ft4 high4 ,plant #ab-ah 94 ap>t4 ,,ammoniacal ,,c>bonate ,,( ,,copp]4 ,see "u ,bordeaux ,mixture4 ,,an*usa4 ,h>dy annuals & p]5nials1 fit = heavy bord]s4 ,! plants gr[ to ! height ( #b to #c feet & be> purple or blue fl[]s1 :i* are %[y ei!r on ! plant or 9 b\quets4 ,propagat$ f se$ s[n 9 e>ly spr+1 ei!r :]e ! plants are to /& or 9 boxes or hotb$s4 ,! common k9d is annual4 ,blooms 9 summ]4 ,,anemone4 ,,w9d ,,fl[]4 ,a gr\p ( h>dy p]5nials4 ,! be/ kn[n ( ?is g5us is ,a4 ,japonica alba1 or ,honor9e ,job]t4 ,?is species blooms f ,augu/ to ,novemb]1 & is at t season ! f9e/ ( bord] plants4 ,! pure :ite fl[]s1 ) lemon-color$ /am5s1 are held well up on /alks #b-c ft4 high4 ,! fl[] /ems are long & excell5t = cutt+4 ,?is species may be propagat$ by division ( ! plants or by se$4 ,! =m] me?od %\ld be put into practice 9 ! spr+2 ! latt] z soon z ! se$s are ripe 9 ! fall4 ,s[ ! se$ 9 boxes 9 a w>m1 %elt]$ situation 9 ! bord] or "u glass4 ,! se$ %\ld be cov]$ lightly ) soil conta9+ a quantity ( s& & n all[$ to become dry4 ,a well enri*$1 %elt]$ position 9 a bord] %\ld be giv54 ,!re are r$-fl[]$ v>ieties4 ,illu/ration3 ,spray ( ,anemone ,japonica ,! v>ieties ( ,a4 coron>ia are tub]\s-root$ plants4 ,! tub]s ( ^! %\ld be plant$ 9 ! fall1 late 9 ,septemb] or e>ly 9 ,octob]1 9 a well enri*$1 %elt]$ bord]1 sett+ ! tub]s #c 94 deep & f #d-f 94 ap>t4 ,! surface ( ! bord] %\ld be mul*$ ) leaves or /rawy manure ?r\gh ! sev]e w9t] wea!r1 uncov]+ ! soil 9 ,m>*4 ,! fl[]s w appe> 9 ,april or ,may1 & 9 ,june or ,july ! tub]s %\ld be tak5 up & plac$ 9 a dry place 9 s& until ! foll[+ fall4 ,?is section is n z well kn[n z x %\ld be4 ,! range ( color is v wide4 ,! fl[]s are (t5 #b 94 across1 & are la/+4 ,^! tub]s may be plant$ 9 pots 9 ! same mann] z 9 ! bord]1 br++ !m into ! cons]vatory or h\se at int]vals ?r\gh ! w9t]1 :]e !y make an excell5t %[+ :5 9 bloom4 ,! little wild ,w9d ,fl[]s are easily coloniz$ 9 a h>dy bord]4 ,,annuals4 ,! annual fl[]s ( ! se$sm5 are ^? :i* give _! be/ bloom 9 ! v ye> 9 :i* ! se$s are s[n4 ,true annuals are ^? plants :i* complete _! entire life-cycle 9 "o season4 ,"s ( ! s-call$ annual fl[]s w cont9ue to bloom ! second & ?ird ye>s1 b ! bloom is s poor & sp>se aft] ! fir/ season t x does n pay to keep !m4 ,mo/ annuals w bloom 9 c5tral ,new ,york if ! se$s are s[n 9 ! op5 gr\nd :5 ! wea!r becomes ?or\ghly settl$4 ,b !re are "s k9ds1 z ,cosmos & ,moonfl[]s1 = :i* our season is commonly too %ort to give good bloom4 ,^! k9ds may be />t$ e>ly 9 ! h\se or 9 hotb$s2 & simil> treatm5t may be giv5 any plants ( :i* x is desir$ to secure blooms be=e ! normal "t4 ,illu/ration3 ,a box g>d5 ,prep>e ! gr\nd ?or\ghly & deep4 ,annuals mu/ make a quick gr[?4 ,see t ! soil conta9s en\gh humus or vegetable mold to make x ri* & to enable x to hold moi/ure4 ,if ! gr\nd is n naturally ri*1 spade 9 well-rott$ manure or mold f ! woods4 ,a little comm]cial f]tiliz] may help 9 />t+ (f ! plants quickly4 ,prep>e ! l& z e>ly 9 spr+ z x is 9 fit condition1 & prev5t evaporation by keep+ ! surface loose by means ( rak+4 ,if ! fl[]s are to be gr[n ab\t ! edges ( ! lawn1 make sure t ! grass roots d n run und]nea? !m & rob !m ( food & moi/ure4 ,x is well to run a %>p spade deep into ! gr\nd ab\t ! edges ( ! b$ e two or ?ree weeks = ! purpose ( cutt+ (f any grass roots :i* may h run into ! b$4 ,if b$s are made 9 ! turf1 see t !y are #c ft4 or m wide1 s t ! grass roots w n und]m9e !m4 ,aga9/ ! %rub bord]s1 ?is precaution may n be necess>y4 ,9 fact1 x is desirable t ! fl[]s fill all ! space betwe5 ! ov]hang+ bran*es & ! sod4 ,s[ ! se$s freely4 ,_m w n g]m9ate4 ,ev5 if !y d all g]m9ate1 ! comb9$ /r5g? ( ! ris+ plantlets w break ! cru/ on ! h>d soils2 & 9 ! ?9n+ :i* foll[s1 only /rong & promis+ plants are all[$ to rema94 ,bett] effects are also (t5 secur$ :5 ! colors are 9 masses1 especially if ! fl[]s are ?r[n into ! bays ( heavy %rub bord]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,fl[]s aga9/ a bord] ,plants cont9ue to bloom = a long] p]iod if !y are n all[$ to produce se$s4 ,! fl[]s %\ld be pick$1 if possible1 z soon z !y beg9 to fade4 ,9 ! selection ( ! k9ds ( annuals1 "o's p]sonal pref]5ce mu/ be ! guide4 ,yet !re are "s gr\ps :i* may be consid]$ to be /&>d or g5]al-purpose plants4 ,!y are easily gr[n almo/ any:]e1 & are sure to give satisfaction4 ,! rema9+ plants are mo/ly su* z h second>y value1 or are adapt$ to p>ticul> purposes or uses4 ,! gr\ps :i* mo/ /rongly appeal to ! writ] z /aple or g5]al-purpose types are ! foll[+3 ,petunias1 phloxes1 p9ks or dian?uses1 l>kspurs or delph9iums1 calliopsis or coreopsis1 pot m>igold or cal5dula1 ba*elor's button or ,c5taurea ,cyanus1 cl>kias1 z9nias1 m>igolds or tagetes1 coll9sias1 gilias1 ,cali=nia poppies or es*s*oltzias1 v]b5as1 poppies1 ,*9a a/]s1 sweet peas1 nemophilas1 portulacas1 sil5es1 c&ytufts or ib]is1 alyssum1 /ocks or mat?iolas1 morn+-glories1 na/urtiums or tropaeolums4 ,annual fl[]s possess a great advantage ov] p]5nials 9 ! fact t !y appeal /rongly to ! desire = exp]im5t4 ,! se$s are s[n e ye>1 & !re is suffici5t elem5t ( unc]ta9ty 9 ! results to make ! ef=t int]e/+2 & new comb9ations c be tri$ ea* ye>4 ,d n cut ! old /alks d[n 9 ! fall4 ,!y w /& 9 ! sn[ all ?r\gh ! w9t]1 & rem9d y ( ! bur/+ summ] "t & ! long-rip5+ fall2 & ! sn[-birds w f9d !m 9 ! %ort days ( w9t]4 ,"s ( ! mo/ reliable & easily gr[n annuals = ! nor? are giv5 9 ! foll[+ li/s 7"u ! common trade names73 ,,:ite ,,fl[]s ,ag]atum ,mexicanum album4 ,alyssum1 ,common ,sweet4 ,alyssum1 ,sweet1 compacta4 ,c5tran?us macrosiphon albus4 ,convolvulus major4 ,dian?us1 ,d\ble ,:ite ,m>g>et4 ,ib]is am>a4 ,ib]is coron>ia1 ,:ite ,rocket4 ,ipomoea h$]acea4 ,lavat]a alba4 ,malope gr&iflora alba4 ,mat?iola 7,/ocks71 ,cut & ,come ,aga94 ,mat?iola1 ,dresd5 ,p]petual4 ,mat?iola1 ,giant ,p]fection4 ,mat?iola1 ,:ite ,pe>l4 ,mirabilis longiflora alba4 ,nigella4 ,papav] 7,poppy71 ,flag ( ,truce4 ,papav]1 ,%irley4 ,papav]1 ,! ,mikado4 ,phlox1 ,dw>f ,sn[ball4 ,phlox1 ,leopoldii4 ,z9nia4 ,,yell[ ,,fl[]s ,cacalia lutea4 ,cal5dula (fic9alis1 ,common4 ,cal5dula (fic9alis1 ,meteor4 ,cal5dula sulphurea4 ,cal5dula suffruticosa4 ,calliopsis bicolor m>morata4 ,calliopsis c>dam9aefolia4 ,calliopsis elegans picta4 ,cosmidium ,burridgeanum4 ,erysimum ,p](fskianum4 ,es*s*oltzia ,cali=nica4 ,hibiscus ,africanus4 ,hibiscus1 ,gold5 ,b[l4 ,ipomoea cocc9ea lutea4 ,loasa tricolor4 ,tagetes1 v>i\s k9ds4 ,?unb]gia alata ,fry]i4 ,?unb]gia alata aurantiaca4 ,tropaeolum1 ,dw>f1 ,lady ,bird4 ,tropaeolum1 ,tall1 ,s*ulzi4 ,z9nia4 ,,blue ,,fl[]s ,ag]atum ,mexicanum4 ,ag]atum ,mexicanum1 ,dw>f4 ,br[allia ,cz]niak[ski4 ,br[allia elata4 ,c5taurea ,cyanus1 ,victoria ,dw>f ,compact4 ,c5taurea ,cyanus m9or4 ,*9a ,a/]s ( sev]al v>ieties4 ,convolvulus m9or4 ,convolvulus m9or unicaulis4 ,gilia a*illeaefolia4 ,gilia capitata4 ,ib]is umbellata4 ,ib]is umbellata lilac9a4 ,kaulfussia amelloides4 ,kaulfussia atroviolacea4 ,lobelia ,er9us4 ,lobelia ,er9us1 ,elegant4 ,nigella4 ,phlox v>iabilis atropurpurea4 ,salvia f>9acea4 ,specul>ia4 ,v]b5a1 ,black-blue4 ,v]b5a co]ulea4 ,v]b5a1 ,gold5-leav$4 ,:itlavia glox9oides4 ,,r$ ,,fl[]s ,cacalia1 ,sc>let4 ,cl>kia elegans rosea4 ,convolvulus tricolor roseus4 ,dian?us1 ,half ,dw>f ,e>ly ,m>g>et4 ,dian?us1 ,dw>f ,p]petual4 ,dian?us ,*95sis1 ,d\ble4 ,gaill>dia picta4 ,ipomoea cocc9ea4 ,ipomoea volubilis4 ,mat?iola annuus 7,/ocks74 ,mat?iola1 ,blood-r$ ,t5 ,weeks4 ,mat?iola gr&iflora1 ,dw>f4 ,papav] 7,poppy7 c>d9ale4 ,papav]1 ,d\ble4 ,papav]1 ,mephi/o4 ,phaseolus multiflorus4 ,phlox1 ,l>ge-fl[]+ ,dw>f4 ,phlox1 ,dw>f ,fireball4 ,phlox1 ,black ,w>rior4 ,salvia cocc9ea4 ,sapon>ia4 ,tropaeolum1 ,dw>f1 ,tom ,?umb4 ,tropaeolum1 ,dw>f4 ,v]b5a hybrida4 ,v]b5a hybrida1 ,sc>let ,defiance4 ,z9nia4 ,,good ,,= ,,edg+s ,,( ,,b$s ,,& ,,walks ,alyssum1 ,sweet4 ,bra*ycome4 ,coll9sias4 ,dian?uses or ,p9ks4 ,gypsophila muralis4 ,ib]is or ,c&ytufts4 ,leptosiphons4 ,lobelia ,er9us4 ,nigellas4 ,nemophilas4 ,portulacas or ,rose ,moss4 ,sapon>ia ,calabrica4 ,specul>ia4 ,,k9ds ,,:i* ,,cont9ue ,,to ,,bloom ,,aft] ,,fro/ ,abronia umbellata4 ,adonis ae/ivalis4 ,adonis autumnalis4 ,argemone gr&iflora4 ,cal5dulas4 ,callirrhoe4 ,c>duus ,b5$ictus4 ,c5taurea ,cyanus4 ,c5tauridium4 ,c5tran?us macrosiphon4 ,c]9! retorta4 ,*eiran?us ,*eiri4 ,*rysan!mums4 ,convolvulus m9or4 ,convolvulus tricolor4 ,dian?us ( v>i\s k9ds4 ,els*oltzia cri/ata4 ,erysimum ,p](fskianum4 ,erysimum ,arkansanum4 ,es*s*oltzias1 9 sev]al v>ieties4 ,gaill>dia picta4 ,gilia ,a*illeaefolia4 ,gilia capitata4 ,gilia lac9iata4 ,gilia tricolor4 ,ib]is aff9is4 ,lavat]a alba4 ,mat?iolas or ,/ocks4 ,o5o!ra rosea4 ,o5o!ra ,lam>ckiana4 ,o5o!ra ,drummondii4 ,phlox ,drummondii4 ,podolepis aff9is4 ,podolepis *rysan?a4 ,salvia cocc9ea4 ,salvia f>9acea4 ,salvia ,horm9um4 ,v]b5as4 ,vicia ,g]>dii4 ,virg9ian ,/ocks4 ,visc>ia elegans4 ,visc>ia oculata4 ,visc>ia coeli-rosa4 ,,antirrh9um4 ,see ,snapdragon4 ,,apple1 ! ,k+ ( ,fruits1 ?rives ov] a wid] range ( t]ritory & "u m v>i$ conditions ?an any o!r tree fruit4 ,?is means t x is easy to gr[4 ,9 fact1 x is s easy to gr[ t x usually is neglect$2 & p wond] :y ! trees d n be>4 ,! selection ( v>ieties ( ,apples = home use is1 to a l>ge ext5t1 a p]sonal matt]2 & no "o may say :at to plant4 ,a v>iety t is successfully gr[n 9 "o section may prove disappo9t+ 9 ano!r4 ,"o %\ld /udy ! locality 9 :i* he wi%es to plant & *oose ^? v>ieties :i* are ! mo/ successfully gr[n !re1--*oos+ f among/ ! successful k9ds ^? :i* he likes be/ & :i* seem be/ to meet ! purposes = :i* he is to gr[ !m4 ,:5 ! selection is made1 ! trees %\ld be procur$ f a ne>-by nurs]yman1 if possible1 z "o is !n able to select 8 own trees1 receive !m 9 ! %orte/ "t1 & plant !m be=e !y h become dry4 ,! l& on :i* an or*>d is to be plant$ %\ld h be5 9 cultivation at lea/ two ye>s previ\s to sett+ ! trees & be 9 a f9e physical condition4 ,dig ! hole broad & deep en\gh to take 9 all ! roots left aft] prun+ (f ! bruis$ ends caus$ by digg+ up ! tree1 & trim back ! bran*es at lea/ two-?irds1 mak+ a smoo? cut4 ,set ! trunk 9 ! c5t] ( ! hole1 & sift ! f9e dirt d[n ?r\gh ! roots1 slightly lift+ ! tree once or twice 9 ord] t ! f9e soil may settle "u ! roots1 mak+ cong5ial soil = ! new roots to run ?r\gh4 ,fill 9 ov] ! roots1 gradually firm+ ! soil above ) ! feet4 ,:5 ! hole is full1 firm ! soil ar\nd ! trunk to prev5t :ipp+ by ! w9d1 leav+ ! surface level4 ,if ! trees are set 9 ! fall a slight e>?+ up to ! trunk may be b5eficial 9 c]ta9 soils1 & if set 9 a dry spr+ a mul* ( /raw or grass w b5efit !m4 ,two- or #c-ye>-old trees 7usually ! latt]7 are ! mo/ desirable = plant+ 9 home gr\nds4 ,comm]cial or*>ds are (t5 plant$ exclusively ) #b-ye>-olds4 ,illu/ration3 ,spray ( ,apples ,9 or*>d cultivation1 ,apple trees are usually plant$ #ce to #dj ft4 ap>t ea* way4 ,9 home gr\nds !y may be plac$ some:at clos] ?an ?is1 especially if !y are plant$ ^u ! b\nd>ies1 s t ! limbs may project freely 9 "o direction4 ,x is ord9>ily advisable1 especially 9 ! humid climates ea/ ( ! ,great ,lakes1 to h ! body ( ! tree #c-a_/b to #d-a_/b ft4 long4 ,! limbs %\ld be trimm$ up to ?is po9t :5 ! tree is set4 ,f ?ree to five ma9 bran*es may be left to =m ! framework ( ! top4 ,^! %\ld be %ort5$ back "o-f\r? or "o-half :5 ! tree is set4 ,subsequ5t prun+ %\ld keep ! top ( ! tree op5 & ma9ta9 x 9 m or less symmetrical =m4 ,see ,prun+4 ,9 or*>d conditions1 ! trees %\ld be kept 9 clean culture1 especially = ! fir/ few ye>s2 b ?is is n always possible 9 home y>ds4 ,9 lieu ( tillage1 ! sw>d may be mul*$ ea* fall ) /able manure1 & comm]cial f]tiliz] may be appli$ ea* fall or spr+4 ,if fruit is want$ r ?an foliage & %ade1 c>e %\ld be tak5 n to make gr\nd too ri* b to keep x 9 su* condition t ! tree is mak+ a fairly vigor\s gr[?1 ) good /rong foliage1 b is n ov]gr[+4 ,an ,apple tree 9 full be>+ is usually 9 good condition if ! twigs gr[ f #aj to #ah 94 ea* season4 ,all leaf-eat+ insects may be kept (f by spray+ ) ,p>is gre54 ,! ,appleworm or codl9-mo? may be kept 9 *eck by spray+ ) ,p>is gre5 z soon z ! blossoms fall1 & aga9 a week or t5 days lat]4 ,! leaf blight or apple-scab fungus may be kept 9 *eck by spray+ ) ,bordeaux mixture j be=e ! fl[]s op51 & aga9 aft] !y fall 7see ,spray+74 ,a close wat* %\ld be kept = bor]s4 ,:5ev] ! b>k appe>s to be dead or sunk5 9 pat*es1 remove x & se>* = ! cause4 ,a bor] w usually be f\nd und]nea? ! b>k4 ,ab\t ! base ( ! tree ! mo/ s]i\s injury occurs f bor]s1 s9ce ! insect :i* ent]s !re bores into ! h>d wood4 ,8 pres5ce c be det]m9$ by ! *ips :i* are ca/ f 8 burr[s4 ,! only rem$y is to dig out ! l>vae4 ,if !y h got f> into ! wood1 !y c be kill$ by runn+ a flexible wire into ! burr[s4 ,apple trees %\ld beg9 to be> :5 ?ree to five ye>s plant$1 & at t5 ye>s %\ld be be>+ good crops4 ,) good treatm5t1 !y %\ld cont9ue to be> = ?irty or m ye>s4 ,x is *eap] to buy trees f ! nurs]y ?an to attempt to raise !m = oneself4 ,! dw>f ,apples are secur$ by graft+ any v>iety on ! ,p>adise or ,d\c9 /ocks1 :i* are simply small-gr[+ v>ieties ( ,apples4 ,dw>fs are mu* us$ 9 ! ,old ,_w4 ,!re is no reason :y !y %\ld n be us$ = home g>d5s 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,!y may be plant$ #h to #aj ft4 ap>t1 & tra9$ 9 v>i\s ways4 ,! body or trunk %\ld n be m ?an #a or #b ft4 long4 ,! top %\ld be head$-9 ea* ye> a ?ird or a half ( ! annual gr[?4 ,dw>fs be> soon] ?an /&>ds4 ,a dw>f 9 full be>+ %\ld produce f a peck to a bu%el ( apples4 ,usually only ! f9] or dess]t v>iety ( ,apples %\ld be gr[n on dw>f trees4 ,_m ( ! local v>ieties ( ,apples are excell5t = home use4 ,f ! foll[+ li/ ( dess]t v>ieties1 "o c select a good assortm5t = ! home g>d53 ,summ]4--,e>ly ,joe1 ,primate1 ,g>d5 ,royal1 ,summ] ,pe>ma91 ,e>ly ,h>ve/1 ,summ] ,rose1 ,sweet ,b\gh1 ,summ] ,que51 ,e>ly ,/rawb]ry1 ,williams ,favorite4 ,fall4--,*5ango1 ,dy]1 ,jeff]is1 ,j]sey ,sweet1 ,maid5 ,blu%1 ,grav5/e91 ,fall ,pipp91 ,"m 7late fall to w9t]71 ,tw5ty ,ounce4 ,w9t]4--,newt[n ,pipp91 ,gold5 ,russet1 ,bellfl[]1 ,belmont1 ,k+ 7late fall ,s4 ( ,n4 ,y471 ,grimes ,gold51 ,melon1 ,hubb>d/on 7,nonesu*71 ,nor!rn ,spy1 ,jona?an1 ,fameuse or ,sn[1 ,lady1 ,rambo1 ,canada ,r$1 ,york ,imp]ial1 ,pomme ,gris1 ,esopus ,spitz5burg1 ,swa>1 ,peck ,pleasant1 ,rhode ,isl& ,gre5+1 ,tallman ,sweet1 ,sutton ,beauty1 ,wag5]1 ,seek-no-fur!r4 ,,apricot4 ,?is fruit1 usually ?\ght to be too t5d] = ! w9t]s 9 ! latitude ( ,new ,york1 has prov$ z h>dy z ! pea*4 ,giv5 ! "r conditions z to soil & exposure1 x w yield abundant crops1 rip5+ its fruits ab\t ?ree weeks 9 advance ( e>ly pea*es4 ,x w\ld seem t m att5tion %\ld be giv5 to its cultivation4 ,9 we/]n ,new ,york comm]cial or*>ds are n[ produc+ crops ( z f9e fruit z t br\ght f ,cali=nia4 ,! introduction ( ! ,russian v>ieties1 a few ye>s ago1 add$ to ! li/ sev]al desirable k9ds t h prov$ h>di] & a little lat] 9 bloom+ ?an ! old k9ds4 ,! fruits ( ! ,russian v>ieties1 :ile n z l>ge z ! o!r v>ieties1 fully equal _m ( !m 9 flavor1 & !y are v productive4 ,! soil = ,apricots %\ld be r dry2 especially %\ld ! subsoil be su* t no wat] may /& ar\nd ! roots4 ,! exposure %\ld be to ! nor? or we/ to ret>d ! bloom+ p]iod1 z ! "o great drawback to _! successful fruit+ is ! e>ly bloom+ & subsequ5t freez+ ( ! fl[]s or small fruits4 ,! two s]i\s difficulties 9 ! gr[+ ( ,apricots are ! ravages ( ! curculio 7see ,plum7 & ! dang] to ! fl[]s f ! spr+ fro/s4 ,x is usually almo/ impossible to secure fruits f "o or two isolat$ ,apricot trees1 because ! curculios w take !m all4 ,x is possible1 also1 t "s ( ! v>ieties ne$ cross-poll9ation4 ,! ,apricot usually ?rives be/ on /rong soil2 b o!rwise ! treatm5t :i* is giv5 ! pea* suits ! ,apricot v well4 ,! ,russian v>ieties be> m pr(usely & ) less c>e ?an ! old-fa%ion$ & l>g] k9ds4 ,among/ ! be/ k9ds ( ,apricots are ,montgamet1 ,jackson1 ,royal1 ,/4 ,ambroise1 ,e>ly ,gold51 ,h>ris1 ,roman & ,moorep>k4 ,9 ! ea/1 ,apricots are commonly work$ on plums1 b !y also ?rive on ! pea*4 ,,aqu>ium4 ,a pleasant adjunct to a liv+ room or cons]vatory is a l>ge glass globe or glass box conta9+ wat]1 9 :i* plants & animals are liv+ & gr[+4 ,a solid glass tank or globe is bett] ?an a box ) glass sides1 because x does n leak1 b ! box mu/ be us$ if "o wants a l>ge ,aqu>ium4 ,= mo/ p]sons x is bett] to buy ! ,aqu>ium box ?an to attempt to make x4 ,f\r ?+s are important 9 mak+ & keep+ an ,aqu>ium 7accord+ to ,miss ,rog]s1 9 ,cornell ,nature-,/udy ,leaflet ,no4 #aa73 7#a7 ,! equilibrium betwe5 plant & animal life mu/ be secur$ & ma9ta9$4 ,animals d n ?rive 9 wat] :]e no plants are gr[+4 ,nature keeps plants & animals 9 ! same pond1 & we mu/ foll[ h] lead4 ,! plants h ?ree valuable functions 9 ! ,aqu>ium4 ,fir/1 !y supply food = ! h]bivor\s creatures4 ,second1 !y give (f a quantity ( oxyg5 :i* is necess>y to ! life ( ! animals4 ,?ird1 !y take up f ! wat] ! poison\s c>bonic acid gas :i* passes f ! bodies ( ! animals4 ,j h[ ! plants d ?is is ano!r /ory4 7#b7 ,! ,aqu>ium mu/ be v5tilat$4 ,e little fi%1 snail & insect wants air4 ,a c]ta9 quantity ( air is mix$ ) ! wat]1 & ! creatures mu/ brea! t or come to ! surface = _! supply4 ,h[ does ,"m ,nature manage ! v5tilation ( h] aqu>ia1 ! ponds & /reams8 ,! plants furni% "p ( ! air1 z we h se54 ,! op5 pond1 ^: surface is ruffl$ by e pass+ breeze1 is con/antly be+ provid$ ) fre% air4 ,a tadpole or a fi% c no m live 9 a long-neck$ bottle ?an a boy c live 9 a *imney4 7#c7 ,! temp]ature %\ld be kept betwe5 #dj deg4 & #ej deg4 ,fahr4 ,bo? nature & exp]i5ce tea* u ?is4 ,a %ady corn] is a bett] place = ! ,aqu>ium ?an a sunny w9d[ on a w>m day4 7#d7 ,x is well to *oose su* animals = ! ,aqu>ium z are adapt$ to life 9 /ill wat]4 ,unless "o has an arrangem5t ( wat] pipes to supply a con/ant fl[ ( wat] ?r\gh ! ,aqu>ium1 x is be/ n to try to keep creatures t we f9d 9 swift /reams4 ,practical exp]i5ce %[s t !re are c]ta9 dang]s to gu>d aga9/4 ,p]haps ! mo/ s]i\s results come f ov]/ock+4 ,x is bett] to h too few plants or animals ?an too _m ( ei!r4 ,a great deal ( light1 especially bright sunlight1 is n good = ! ,aqu>ium4 ,a pond t is n %ad$ soon becomes gre5 ) a ?ick gr[? ( slime1 or algae4 ,?is does n look well 9 an ,aqu>ium1 & is apt to take up s mu* ( ! plant-food t ! o!r plants are />v$ out4 ,! plants 9 ! s*ool-room w9d[ w %ade ! ,aqu>ium nicely1 j z ! trees & %rubs on its banks %ade ! pond4 ,if we f9d ?is slime =m+ on ! light side ( our m9iature pond we put x 9 a d>k] place1 %ade x heavily s t ! light comes 9 f ! top only1 & put 9 a few m snails4 ,^! w make quick "w ( ! gre5 slime1 = !y are fond ( x1 if we are n4 ,! aquatic plants ( ! neighborhood may be kept 9 ! ,aqu>ium1--su* ?+s z myriophyllums1 *>as1 eel-grass1 duckmeats or lemnas1 cabomba or fi% grass1 arr[leafs or sagitt>ia1 & ! l2 also ! p>rot's fea!r1 to be b\ght ( flori/s 7a species ( myriophyllum74 ,( animals1 !re are fi%es 7p>ticul>ly m9n[s71 wat] insects1 tadpoles1 clams1 snails4 ,if ! prop] balance is ma9ta9$ betwe5 plant & animal life1 x w n be necess>y to *ange ! wat] s frequ5tly4 ,,aquatics ,,& ,,bog ,,plants4 ,_m wat] plants are easily gr[n1 & make a f9e addition to ! home g>d54 ,! s$ges & o!r bog plants1 ! cyp]us or umbrella plant1 ! common wild wat] lily1 & 9 l>ge gr\nds ! nelumbium or ,egyptian lotus1 all may be gr[n ) ease4 ,= re/rict$ gr\nds any ( ^!1 ) ! exception ( ! nelumbium1 may be gr[n 9 tubs made by saw+ an oak5 b>rel 9 two1 fill+ ea* half f "o-?ird to "o-half ) soil compos$ ( good loam1 s& & leaf-mold1 sett+ ! plants well into ! soil & fill+ ! tubs ) wat]4 ,^! tubs %\ld be sunk to ! rim 9 ! bord]s or lawn1 bo? = a good appe>ance & to prev5t too great evaporation4 ,by a little c>e 9 fill+ ) wat]1 ^! plants may be well gr[n ?r\gh ! hotte/ wea!r4 ,mo/ ( ! =eign wat] lilies are n h>dy1 b "s ( !m may be gr[n ) ease if ! pond is cov]$ 9 w9t]4 ,native ,aquatics may be coloniz$ 9 /reams or ponds4 ,if artificial ponds are to be made1 d n get !m too deep4 ,a foot or #ae in*es is suffici5t dep? ( wat] to /& above ! cr[ns ( ! plants2 & ! greate/ dep? ( wat] %\ld n be m ?an #b-a_/b ft4 = all k9ds ( wat] lilies4 ,half ?is dep? is (t5 suffici5t4 ,! soil %\ld be #a to #b ft4 deep1 & v ri*4 ,c[ manure may be mix$ ) ri* loam4 ,roots ( h>dy wat] lilies may be plant$ z soon z ! pond is cle> ( fro/1 b ! t5d] k9ds 7:i* are also to be tak5 up 9 ! fall7 %\ld n be plant$ till x is "t to plant out g]aniums4 ,s9k ! roots into ! mud s t !y are j buri$1 & weight !m d[n ) a /one or clod4 ,9 cold climates1 protect ! pond ( h>dy ,aquatics by ?r[+ bo>ds ov] ! pond & cov]+ ) hay1 /raw or ev]gre5 b\ghs4 ,x is well to supply an additional dep? ( wat] z a fur!r protection4 ,,aquilegia4 ,,columb9e4 ,^! h>dy p]5nials are g5]al favorites = bord]s & rockwork4 ,bloom+ e>ly 9 ! season1 !y may be said to head ! procession ( ! p]5nials4 ,! ease ) :i* !y may be cultivat$1 _! fre$om ( bloom1 _! v>i$ colors & odd %ape entitle !m to ! front rank among h>dy plants4 ,!y are propagat$ by division ( ! plants 9 ! spr+ or f se$ s[n 9 ! fall4 ,se$l+s may be expect$ to bloom well ! second ye>4 ,!y require a moi/1 p>tially %elt]$ situation1 ) exposure to ! sun4 ,! common wild ,columb9e 7(t5 call$ honeysuckle7 is easily gr[n & is v attractive4 ,clumps ( ,columb9e %\ld /& #ab-ah 94 ap>t4 #b-c ft4 high4 ,,arauc>ia1 or ,,norfolk ,,isl& ,,p9e1 is n[ sold 9 pots by flori/s z a w9d[ plant4 ,! common species 7,a4 excelsa7 is mo/ excell5t = ?is purpose1 mak+ a symmetrical ev]gre5 subject4 ,x keeps well 9 a cool w9d[1 or on ! v]&a 9 ! summ]4 ,protect x f direct sunlight1 & give pl5ty ( room4 ,if ! plant beg9s to fail1 return x to ! flori/ = recup]ation4 ,,argemone4 ,see ,prickly ,poppy4 ,,ari/olo*ia1 or ,,dut*man',s ,,pipe4 ,a /rong1 woody tw9] ) v l>ge1 heavy leaves1 =m+ a d5se scre5 & hav+ peculi>ly %ap$ fl[]s4 ,b "o species is consid]$ h>dy nor?1 ,a4 ,sipho4 ,?is w gr[ )\t special treatm5t & prove a satisfactory ornam5tal scre5 or por* plant4 ,rea*es a height ( #bj or #cj ft4 ,"y plants ne$ "s protection 9 cold w9t]s4 ,,arti*oke4 ,a tall1 co>se p]5nial ( ! ?i/le tribe1 produc+ fl[]-heads :i* are edible4 ,:5 once e/abli%$1 x w la/ 9 be>+ = a numb] ( ye>s4 ,:ile ?is plant is n g5]ally gr[n 9 ?is c\ntry1 its m]it z a supplem5t>y vegetable = salads or cook+ is great4 ,x is usually gr[n f suck]s f ! root1 b a />t c be made by s[+ ! se$4 ,s[ 9 a bord] or se$ box & transplant to ! g>d5 9 e>ly summ]2 & ! foll[+ ye> a crop may be _h4 ,! p>ts ( ! plant us$ are ! fl[]-heads & ! "y suck]s1 ! =m] boil$ or eat5 raw z a salad4 ,! "y %oots may be ti$ toge!r & blan*$1 us+ !m l asp>agus or ,swiss *>d4 ,! fle%y scales ( ! head & ! s(t bottom ( ! head are ! p>ts us$4 ,b few ( ^! plants w\ld be ne$$ = a family1 z !y produce a numb] ( fl[]-heads to a plant & a quantity ( suck]s4 ,! plants %\ld be set f #b to #c ft4 ap>t 9 ! r[1 ! r[s be+ #c ft4 ap>t4 ,?is vegetable is n q h>dy 9 ! nor?1 b a cov]+ ( leaves or b>ny>d litt] to ! dep? ( a foot w protect !m well4 ,! plant1 be+ a p]5nial1 w cont9ue to yield = a numb] ( ye>s "u good cultivation4 ,^! plants make no mean decorative subjects1 ei!r mass$ or 9 a mix$ bord]1 & f ! r>ity ( _! culture are always objects ( int]e/4 ,,arti*oke1 ,,j]usalem1 is a :olly diff]5t plant f ! above1 al?\gh x is commonly kn[n z ,arti*oke 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,x is a species ( sunfl[] :i* produces potato-l tub]s4 ,^! tub]s may be us$ 9 lieu ( potatoes4 ,!y are v palatable to hogs2 & :5 ! plant becomes a we$--z x (t5 does--x may be ext]m9at$ by turn+ ! hogs into x4 ,h>dy4 ,,arundo1 or ,,re$1 is "o ( ! be/ ( bold & ornam5tal grasses1 excell5t = ! c5t] ( a l>ge =mal b$1 or = emphatic po9ts 9 a mix$ bord]4 ,x is p]5nial & h>dy 9 ! nor!rn /ates1 b x is advisable to give x a mul* on ! approa* ( w9t]4 ,?rives 9 any ri* soil1 do+ be/ :]e some:at moi/4 #h-ab ft4 ,! clumps enl>ge ye> by ye>4 ,,asp>agus4 ,a h>dy h]bace\s p]5nial1 mu* gr[n = ! s(t1 edible1 e>ly spr+ %oots4 ,! culture ( ?is1 ! f9e/ ( e>ly vegetables1 has be5 simplifi$ 9 ! pa/ few ye>s1 & at pres5t ! k requir$ to successfully plant & gr[ a good supply ne$ n be t ( a pr(essional4 ,! old me?od ( excavat+ to ! dep? ( #c ft4 or m1 ?r[+ 9 f #d to #f 94 ( brok5 /one or bricks = dra9age1 !n fill+ to )9 #af to #ah 94 ( ! surface ) well rott$ manure1 ) #f 94 ( soil ^u :i* to set ! roots1 has giv5 place to ! simple practice ( pl[+ or digg+ a tr5* f #ad to #af 94 deep1 spread+ well rott$ manure 9 ! bottom to ! dep? ( #c or #d 942 :5 well trodd5 d[n cov]+ ! manure ) #c or #d 94 ( good g>d5 soil1 !n sett+ ! plants1 ) ! roots well spread out1 cov]+ c>efully ) soil to ! level ( ! g>d51 & firm+ ! soil ) ! feet4 ,?is w leave ! cr[ns ( ! plants f #d to #e 94 bel[ ! surface4 ,9 sett+1 #a-ye>-old plants w prove m satisfactory ?an old] ones1 be+ less liable to suff] f injury to ! root sy/em ?an ^? :i* h made a l>g] gr[?4 ,two ye>s aft] sett+ ! crop may be cut1 b n soon] if a la/+ b$ is desir$1 z ! ef=t to replace ! /alks has a t5d5cy to weak5 ! plant unless ! roots are well e/abli%$4 ,! ye>ly treatm5t ( an ,asp>agus b$ consi/s ( clean+ (f tops & we$s 9 ! fall & add+ a dress+ ( well rott$ manure to ! dep? ( #c or #d 941 ?is manure to be lightly =k$ into ! b$ ! foll[+ spr+2 or1 ! tops may be all[$ to /& = w9t] protection & ! mul* left (f4 ,a top-dress+ ( nitrate ( soda1 at ! rate ( #bjj p\nds p] acre1 is (t5 b5eficial z a spr+ /imulant1 especially 9 ! case ( an old b$4 ,good results w also foll[ an application ( bone meal or sup]phosphate at ! rate ( f #cjj to #ejj p\nds p] acre4 ,! practice ( s[+ salt on an ,asp>agus b$ is almo/ univ]sal4 ,/ill1 b$s t h nev] receiv$ a p\nd ( salt are f\nd to be z productive z ^? hav+ receiv$ an annual dress+4 ,nev]!less1 a salt dress+ is recomm5d$4 ,9 /ubborn1 heavy soil ! be/ me?od to pursue 9 mak+ a p]man5t b$ w\ld be to ?r[ out all ! dirt f ! tr5* & replace ) good1 fibr\s loam4 ,two r[s ( ,asp>agus #be ft4 long & #c ft4 ap>t w\ld supply a l>ge family ) an abundance ?r\gh\t ! season1 & if well tak5 c>e ( w la/ a numb] ( ye>s4 ,conov]'s ,colossal is ! v>iety mo/ g5]ally gr[n1 & is p]haps ! mo/ satisfactory sort4 ,palmetto1 a v>iety orig9at+ at ! s\?1 is also v popul>4 ,a new] v>iety1 call$ ,donald ,:ite1 orig9at+ ne> ,elmira1 ,n4 ,y41 is recomm5d$ by ! trade4 ,,asp]ula4 ,h>dy annuals & p]5nials4 ,! l[-gr[+ ,asp]ula1 ) its blue or :ite fl[]s1 is n z (t5 us$ z x %\ld be4 ,! pr(usion ( small fl[]s & ! long season entitle x to a place 9 l[ bord]s4 ,! fl[]s h a pleas+ fragrance4 ,asp]ulas may be us$ effectively on rockwork4 ,! common :ite species1 or ,woodruff1 gr[s less ?an #a foot4 ,gr[n readily f se$s1 & blooms ! fir/ ye>4 ,all ,asp]ulas ?rive be/ 9 a r moi/ soil4 ,,a/]s1 ,,*9a4 ,half-h>dy annuals1 ( easy culture4 ,! ,*9a ,a/] has be5 = ye>s a great favorite 9 bo? old-fa%ion$ & mod]n g>d5s4 ,) ! improvem5ts 9 %apes & colors1 !y are n[ ! rivals ( ! *rysan!mum4 ,z e>ly z #agca s+le :ite & r$ ,a/]s 7 gr[n & describ$ 9 ,engl&1 & by #ahde !y are m5tion$ z be+ v num]\s 9 ,new ,engl&4 ,! ,g]mans 71 p]haps1 ! fir/ to improve ! ,a/]s1 & ! type mo/ admir$ & s\ght fifty ye>s ago 0 ! full-quill$ v>ieties4 ,n[1 h[ev]1 ! in=mal type replaces ! /iff1 =mal quill$ fl[]s ( t p]iod4 ,comp>e ! ,comet ,a/] ( to-day ) ! ,a/]s ( ev5 tw5ty ye>s ago1 & note ! loos5ess ( its broad rays1 giv+ an arti/ic value f> beyond ! tall1 /iff1 purple-blue or :ites ( t p]iod4 ,illu/ration3 ,*9a ,a/] ,! e>ly ,a/]s w bloom 9 ,augu/ if ! se$ is s[n 9 ! op5 e>ly 9 ! season4 ,!y are repres5t$ by ! ,que5 ( ! ,m>ket & ,que5 ( ,spr+1 ei!r ( :i*1 if />t$ 9 a hotb$ or w9d[1 w beg9 to bloom ! la/ ( ,july4 ,! ,que5 ( ! ,m>ket is probably ! free/ ( gr[?1 & ) its long /ems makes a v desirable v>iety = cut-fl[]s4 ,9 fact1 9 ! ri*1 mell[ soil 9 :i* ,a/]s delight1 ?is v>iety is likely to h its l>ge fl[]s on /ems s long & sl5d] t ! plants w ne$ /akes4 ,! ,victoria ,a/]s hold a well des]v$ place among ! lead+ v>ieties1 & ) high culture w g5]ally lead 9 size & pr(usion ( bloom1 ! colors rang+ f :ite to ! d>ke/ blue4 ,! plants are also well adapt$ to pot culture4 ,! *rysan!mum-fl[]$ ,a/]s1 bo? tall & dw>f1 are excell5t1 z are ! ,truffaut ,p]fection & ,peony-fl[]$4 ,! ,comet ,a/]s are among/ ! be/4 ,! ,new ,bran*+ type is n[ 9 great favor4 ,! culture ( ,*9a ,a/]s is easy4 ,= e>ly bloom ! se$s %\ld be s[n 9 ,m>* 9 boxes ( light soil & cov]$ "o-qu>t] ( an in* ) soil1 ! soil press$ d[n or firm$ ov] !m & ! boxes plac$ 9 a hotb$ or a sunny w9d[ & att5tion giv5 to wat]+4 ,:5 ! se$l+s are "o in* high !y %\ld be transplant$ to o!r boxes1 sett+ ! plants #c in*es ap>t or put into #b-;in* pots4 ,^! %\ld be aga9 plac$ 9 a frame & gr[n along until ! gr\nd has become comp>atively w>m4 ,! soil w ne$ to be well enri*$1 mell[1 & if slightly moi/ "u ! surface ! results w be all t c\ld be wi%$4 ,a/]s w gr[ fairly well on r light soil1 ev5 if n v ri*1 b ! be/ results c only be obta9$ :5 ! highe/ culture is giv54 ,if ! ru/ attacks ! plants1 spray ) ammoniacal c>bonate ( copp]4 ,illu/ration3 ,spray ( wild ,a/] ,,a/]1 ,,native4 ,wild ,a/]s are "o ( ! glories ( ! ,am]ican autumn4 ,!y gr[ almo/ ev]y:]e 9 ! nor? & ea/1--along roadsides1 9 mead[s & swales4 ,_! colors range f pure :ite to p9k1 & purple1 & blue4 ,f ,augu/ until w9t] closes 91 !y are conspicu\s features ( ! l&scape1 vy+ ) ! gold5rods 9 =m & color1 b surpass+ !m 9 color-range4 ,mo/ ( !m are greatly improv$ :5 transf]r$ to ! bord]4 ,!y become m attractive 9 g5]al habit1 & ! fl[]s are usually m pr(use & sometimes l>g]4 ,!y are ( ! easie/ possible culture4 ,!y c be remov$ to home gr\nds 9 ! fall or spr+1 &1 ) little c>e until !y are e/abli%$1 w make mo/ attractive displays ( autumn color4 ,! species are num]\s & mu* confus$1 & x is n necess>y to make a li/ ( !m "h4 ,because ( _! free & c>eless habit1 !y are bett] adapt$ to plant+ 9 bord]s ?an 9 ! =mal fl[] b$s4 ,illu/ration3 ,wild ,a/]s ,,aubrietia ,,deltoidea4 ,a v h&some little trail+ h>dy p]5nial1 cov]$ ) attractive purple fl[]s 9 e>ly spr+4 ,%\ld be plant$ 9 masses = be/ effect4 ,propagat$ by cutt+s or se$s1 usually ! latt]4 ,excell5t = rockwork & p]man5t l[ edg+s4 ,,auricula4 ,a half-h>dy p]5nial ( ! ,primrose tribe 7,primula ,auricula71 v popul> 9 ,europe1 b little gr[n 9 ?is c\ntry on acc\nt ( ! hot1 dry summ]s4 ,9 ?is c\ntry usually propagat$ by se$1 z = ,c9]>ia2 b special v>ieties are p]petuat$ by (fsets4 ,se$s s[n 9 ,febru>y or ,m>* %\ld give bloom+ plants = ! next ,febru>y or ,m>*4 ,keep ! plants cool & moi/1 & away f ! direct sun dur+ ! summ]4 ,g>d5]s usually gr[ !m 9 frames4 ,9 ! fall1 !y are pott$ into #c-;in* or #d-;in* pots1 & made to bloom ei!r 9 frames z = violets or 9 a cool cons]vatory or gre5h\se4 ,9 ,april1 aft] bloom+ has ceas$1 repot ! plants & treat z ! previ\s ye>4 ,f ! be/ plants1 (fsets may be tak5 & treat$ ! same z se$l+s4 ,z ) mo/ annual-bloom+ p]5nials1 be/ results are to be expect$ ) ye>-old or #b-ye>-old plants4 ,auriculas gr[ #f-h 94 high4 ,colors :ite & _m %ades ( r$ & blue4 ,,azaleas are less gr[n 9 ?is c\ntry ?an 9 ,europe1 l>gely because ( our hot1 dry summ]s & sev]e w9t]s4 ,!re are two common types or classes1--! h>dy or ,gh5t ,azaleas1 & ! ,indian ,azaleas4 ,gh5t ,azaleas ?rive 9 ! op5 along ! seacoa/ z f> nor? z s\!rn ,new ,engl&4 ,!y require a s&y1 peaty soil1 & are treat$ z o!r %rubs are4 ,! l>ge fl[]-buds are liable to injury f ! w>m suns ( late w9t] & e>ly spr+1 & to avoid ?is injury ! plants are (t5 protect$ by cov]s or %ades ( bru%4 ,9 ! int]ior c\ntry1 little attempt is made to fl[] ,azaleas p]man5tly 9 ! op51 al?\gh !y may be gr[n if c>efully t5d$ & well protect$4 ,bo? ,gh5t & ,indian ,azaleas are excell5t pot-plants1 = bloom 9 late w9t] & spr+4 ,! plants are import$ 9 great numb]s f ,europe1 & x is bett] to buy ^! plants ?an to attempt to propagate !m4 ,pot !m up 9 l>ge-siz$ pots1 keep !m cool & backw>d = a "t until !y are e/abli%$1 !n take !m into a cons]vatory temp]ature1 9 :i* c>nations & roses ?rive4 ,!y %\ld be pott$ 9 a soil made ( half peat or well decay$ mold & half ri* loam2 add a little s&4 ,pot firmly1 & be sure to provide suffici5t dra9age4 ,keep (f r$ spid] by syr++4 ,aft] bloom+1 ! plants may be ?9n$ by prun+ out ! /raggl+ gr[?s1 & repott$4 ,set !m 9 a frame or 9 a semi-%ad$ place dur+ summ]1 & see t !y make a good gr[?4 ,! wood %\ld be well rip5$ 9 ! fall4 ,aft] cold wea!r sets 91 keep ! ,indian or ev]gre5 k9ds half-dormant by sett+ !m 9 a cool1 dull-light$ cell> or pit1 br++ !m 9 :5 want$ = bloom4 ,! ,gh5t or decidu\s k9ds may be t\*$ ) fro/ )\t injury2 & !y may be /or$ 9 a cell> until want$4 ,,ba*elor',s ,,button4 ,c5taurea ,cyanus & also ,gomphr5a4 ,sometimes appli$ to d\ble-fl[]$ ,cr[foots4 ,illu/ration3 ,balloon ,v9e ,,balloon ,,v9e1 or ,,c>diosp]mum4 ,annual t5d] t5dril climb] ( v rapid gr[?4 ,se$ %\ld n be plant$ until ! soil becomes w>m4 ,a v pretty effect c be _h by all[+ ! v9e to run ov] "s co>s] v9e1 or into an ev]gre5 tree4 ,! balloon-l capsules %[ to good advantage betwe5 ! leaves4 ,x is also useful = cov]+ piles ( bru%4 ,gr[s #h-ab ft4 high4 ,give a w>m1 sunny place4 ,,balsams1 or ,,impati5s4 ,t5d] annuals1 produc+ bo? s+le & d\ble fl[]s ( _m colors4 ,^! well kn[n favorites are usually to be f\nd 9 old-fa%ion$ g>d5s4 ,!y are v likely to se$ !mselves1 com+ up 9 unexpect$ places & fl\ri%+ 9 neglect4 ,!y d be/1 h[ev]1 9 ri*1 s&y soil4 ,if ! se$ is s[n 9 boxes late 9 ,april & ! plants transplant$ sev]al times !y w be mu* dw>f] & ! fl[]s mu* m d\ble4 ,a /ately1 ?\gh v =mal & /iff1 effect may be _h by plant+ a r[ ( ,balsams 9 ! re> ( a l[ bord]1 p9*+ (f all ! side %oots z !y />t & gr[+ ! plant to a s+le /em4 ,?is w become cov]$ ) ! l>ge blooms1 giv+ x ! appe>ance ( a p]fect column ( fl[]s4 ,balsams are injur$ by ! slighte/ fro/4 ,se$s g]m9ate quickly4 ,plants %\ld /& #ab-ah 94 ap>t4 ,!y gr[ #ah-cj 94 high4 ,,b>tonia4 ,h>dy annual1 ) gold5 yell[1 brilliant fl[]s4 ,! tall-gr[+ ,b>tonia 7,b4 aurea7 may be us$ 9 a mix$ bord] to good advantage4 ,x is a bu%y plant1 rea*+ #b-c ft4 high4 ,! dw>f k9d may be us$ z a bord] plant or 9 a rock g>d51 or z an edg+4 ,! fragrance ( bo? tall & dw>f is v pron\nc$ 9 ! ev5+4 ,! ,b>tonias are v easy to gr[ 9 a w>m soil & sunny exposure4 ,_! num]\s ?read-l1 long /am5s are v int]e/+4 ,,basket ,,plants4 ,9 ord] to h a good hang+ basket1 x is necess>y t "s provision be made to prev5t too rapid dry+ out ( ! e>?4 ,x is cu/om>y1 !re=e1 to l9e ! pot or basket ) moss4 ,op5 wire baskets1 l a horse muzzle1 are (t5 l9$ ) moss & us$ = ! gr[+ ( plants4 ,prep>e ! e>? by mix+ "s well decay$ leaf-mold ) ri* g>d5 loam1 !reby mak+ an e>? :i* w reta9 moi/ure4 ,hang ! basket 9 a light place1 b /ill n 9 a direct sunlight2 &1 if possible1 avoid putt+ x :]e x w be expos$ to dry+ w9d4 ,9 ord] to wat] ! basket1 x is (t5 advisable to s9k x into a pail or tub ( wat]4 ,v>i\s plants are well adapt$ to hang+ baskets4 ,among ! droop+ or v9e-l k9ds are ! /rawb]ry g]anium1 ,k5ilwor? ivy1 maur&ya1 ,g]man ivy1 can>y-bird fl[]1 ,asp>agus ,spr5g]i1 ivy g]anium1 trail+ fu*sia1 w&]+ ,jew1 & o?onna4 ,among ! erect-gr[+ plants :i* produce fl[]s1 ,lobelia ,er9us1 sweet alyssum1 petunias1 oxalis1 & v>i\s g]aniums are to be recomm5d$4 ,among foliage plants su* ?+s z coleus1 du/y mill]1 begonia1 & "s g]aniums are adaptable4 ,illu/ration3 ,climax basket ,,baskets4 ,= ! pick+ & h&l+ ( fruit 9 ! home g>d51 ! common ,climax basket1 9 v>i\s sizes1 is ! be/ receptacle4 ,9 ^! baskets ! products may be sold4 ,:5 ! baskets are s5t to m>ket or to a fri5d1 !y %\ld be neat & new look+2 !re=e keep !m 9 a dry1 d>k place1 z 9 an attic or l(t1 to prev5t !m f becom+ w>p$ & discolor$4 ,,bean4 ,"u ! g5]al "n ( ,bean1 _m k9ds ( plants are cultivat$4 ,!y are all t5d]1 & ! se$s1 !re=e1 %\ld n be plant$ until ! wea!r is ?or\ghly settl$2 & ! soil %\ld be w>m & loose4 ,!y are all annuals 9 nor!rn c\ntries1 or treat$ z su*4 ,! ,bean plants may be classifi$ 9 v>i\s ways4 ,9 respect to /ature1 !y may be ?r[n into ?ree g5]al categories2 viz41 ! pole or climb+ ,beans1 ! bu% ,beans1 & ! /rict-gr[+ or upright ,beans 7z ! ,broad or ,w9dsor ,bean74 ,9 respect to _! uses1 ,beans aga9 may be divid$ into ?ree categories2 viz41 ^? :i* are us$ z /r+ or snap ,beans1 ! entire pod be+ eat52 ^? :i* are us$ z %ell ,beans1 ! full-size b immature ,beans be+ %ell$ f ! pod & cook$2 dry ,beans1 or ^? :i* are eat5 9 _! dry or w9t] condition4 ,! same v>iety ( ,bean may be us$ = all ( ^! ?ree purposes at diff]5t /ages ( its developm5t2 b z a matt] ( fact1 !re are v>ieties :i* are bett] = "o purpose ?an ! o!r4 ,aga91 ,beans may be classifi$ 9 respect to _! species4 ,^? species :i* are be/ kn[n are z foll[s3 7#a7 ,common ,bean1 or ,phaseolus vulg>is1 ( :i* !re are bo? tall & bu% =ms4 ,all ! common snap & /r+ ,beans belong "h1 z also ! ,speckl$ ,cranb]ry types ( pole ,beans1 & ! common field ,beans4 7#b7 ,! ,lima ,beans1 or ,phaseolus lunatus4 ,! l>g] "p ( ^! are pole ,beans1 b lately dw>f or bu% v>ieties h appe>$4 7#c7 ,! ,sc>let ,runn]1 ,phaseolus multiflorus1 ( :i* ! ,sc>let ,runn] & ,:ite ,dut* ,runn] are famili> examples4 ,! ,sc>let ,runn] is usually gr[n z an ornam5tal v9e1 & x is p]5nial 9 w>m c\ntries1 b ! ,beans are edible z %ell$ ,beans4 ,! ,:ite ,dut* ,runn] is (t5] cultivat$ = food4 7#d7 ,! ,y>d-,long1 or ,asp>agus ,bean1 ,doli*os sesquip$alis1 :i* produces long & weak v9es & v long1 sl5d] pods4 ,! gre5 pods are eat51 & also ! %ell$ ,beans4 ,! ,fr5* ,y>d-,long is ! only v>iety ( ?is type :i* is commonly kn[n 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,?is type ( ,bean is popul> 9 ! ,ori5t4 7#e7 ,! ,broad ,beans1 ( :i* ! ,w9dsor is ! common type4 ,^! are mu* gr[n 9 ! ,old ,_w = /ock fe$1 & !y are sometimes us$ = human food4 ,!y gr[ to "o /rict1 c5tral1 /iff /alk1 to a height ( #b-d or #e ft41 & !y are v unlike o!r k9ds ( ,beans 9 appe>ance4 ,9 ?is c\ntry1 !y are v little gr[n on acc\nt ( our hot & dry summ]s4 ,9 ,canada !y are some:at gr[n1 & are sometimes us$ 9 ! mak+ ( ensilage4 ,! culture ( ! ,bean1 :ile ( ! easie/1 (t5 proves a failure z f> z ! fir/ crop is conc]n$1 because ( plant+ ! se$ be=e ! gr\nd has become w>m & dry4 ,no vegetable se$ w decay quick] ?an ,beans1 & ! delay caus$ by wait+ = ! soil to become w>m & free f excessive moi/ure w be m ?an made up by ! rapidity ( gr[? :5 f9ally !y are plant$4 ,beans w gr[ 9 mo/ any soil1 b ! be/ results may be obta9$ by hav+ ! soil well enri*$ & 9 good physical condition4 ,f ! #e? to ! #aj? ( ,may 9 ! latitude ( c5tral ,new ,york1 x w be safe to plant ,beans = an e>ly crop4 ,! ,beans may be dropp$ #b in*es deep 9 %all[ drills1 ! se$s to lie #c in*es ap>t4 ,cov] to ! surface ( ! soil1 & if ! gr\nd be dry1 firm x ) ! foot or ! back ( ! hoe4 ,= ! bu% v>ieties1 all[ #b ft4 betwe5 ! drill-r[s1 b = ! dw>f ,limas #b-a_/b ft4 is bett]4 ,pole ,limas are usually plant$ 9 hills #b-c ft4 ap>t 9 ! r[s4 ,dw>f ,limas may be s[n ?9ly 9 drills4 ,a l>ge numb] ( ! v>ieties ( bo? ! gre5-podd$ & ! wax-podd$ ,beans are us$ almo/ exclusively z snap ,beans1 to be eat5 ) ! pod :ile t5d]4 ,! v>i\s /ra9s ( ! ,black ,wax are ! mo/ popul> /r+ ,beans4 ,! pole or runn+ ,beans are us$ ei!r gre5 or dri$1 & ! ,limas1 bo? tall & dw>f1 are well kn[n = _! sup]ior flavor ei!r z %ell$ or dry ,beans4 ,! old-fa%ion$ ,cranb]ry or ,horticultural ,lima type 7a pole =m ( ,phaseolus vulg>is7 is probably ! be/ %ell ,bean1 b ! tr\ble ( pol+ makes x unpopul>4 ,dw>f ,limas are mu* m desirable = small g>d5s ?an ! pole v>ieties1 z !y may be plant$ mu* clos]1 ! bo!r ( procur+ poles & tw9e is avoid$1 & ! g>d5 w h a m sightly appe>ance4 ,bo? ! dw>f ,limas & pole ,limas require a long] season 9 :i* to mature ?an ! bu% v>ieties1 & only "o plant+ is usually made4 ,b ! bu% v>ieties may be plant$ at int]vals ( two weeks f ! fir/ plant+ until ! #aj? ( ,augu/4 ,ea* plant+ may be made on gr\nd previ\sly occupi$ by "s e>ly-matur+ crop4 ,?us1 ! fir/ to ?ird plant+s may be on gr\nd f :i* has be5 h>ve/$ a crop ( sp9a*1 e>ly radi% or lettuce2 aft] t1 on gr\nd :]e e>ly peas h be5 gr[n2 & ! lat] s[+s :]e beets or e>ly potatoes h gr[n4 ,/r+ ,beans = cann+ are usually tak5 f ! la/ crop4 ,"o qu>t ( se$ w plant #ajj ft4 ( drill2 or #a qu>t ( ,limas w plant #ajj hills4 ,limas are ! ri*e/ ( ,beans1 b !y (t5 fail to mature 9 ! nor!rn /ates4 ,! l& %\ld n be v ri* 9 nitrog5 7or /able manure71 else ! plants w run too mu* to v9e & be too late4 ,select a f]tile s&y or gravelly soil ) w>m exposure1 use "s soluble comm]cial f]tiliz] to />t !m (f1 & give !m ! be/ ( culture4 ,aim to h ! pods set be=e ! dr\ghts ( midsumm] come4 ,good trellises = ,beans are made by wool tw9e /ret*$ betwe5 two horizontal wires1 "o ( :i* is drawn a foot above ! gr\nd & ! o!r #f or #g ft4 high4 ,bean plants are n tr\bl$ by insects to any ext5t1 b !y are sometimes attack$ by blight4 ,:5 ?is occurs1 d n plant ! same gr\nd to ,beans aga9 = a ye> or two4 ,,b$d+4 ,?is t]m is us$ to designate ! mass+ ( plants 9 ! op5 gr\nd = ! purpose ( mak+ a bold display ( color4 ,?is color may be obta9$ ) fl[]s or ) /rong effects ( foliage4 ,b$d+ is ord9>ily a tempor>y species ( plant+2 t is1 ! b$ is fill$ anew ea* ye>4 ,h[ev]1 ! t]m may be us$ to designate a p]man5t plantation ( plants :i* are heavily mass$ s z to give "o cont9u\s or emphatic display ( =m or color4 ,"s ( ! be/ p]man5t b$d+ masses are made ( ! v>i\s h>dy ornam5tal grasses1 z eulalias1 arundo1 & ! l4 ,"s b$d+ is v tempor>y 9 its effect4 ,especially is ?is true ( spr+ ,b$d+1 9 :i* ! plants us$ are tulips1 hyac9?s1 crocuses or o!r e>ly-fl[]+ bulb\s plants4 ,9 ?is case1 ! gr\nd is usually occupi$ lat] 9 ! season by o!r plants4 ,^! lat] plants are usually annuals1 ! se$s ( :i* are s[n among/ ! bulbs z soon z ! season is f> en\gh advanc$2 or ! annuals may be />t$ 9 boxes & ! plants transplant$ among/ ! bulbs z soon z ! wea!r is fit4 ,_m ( ! l[-gr[+ & compact1 cont9u\s-fl[]+ annuals are excell5t = summ] ,b$d+ effects4 ,"s ( ! be/ plants = ?is purpose are m5tion$ 9 ! foll[+ li/3 ,adonis ae/ivalis4 ,adonis autumnalis4 ,ag]atum ,mexicanum4 ,ag]atum ,mexicanum1 dw>f4 ,b>tonia aurea4 ,cacalia4 ,cal5dula (fic9alis1 9 sev]al =ms4 ,cal5dula pluvialis4 ,cal5dula ,pongei4 ,cal5dula sulphurea1 fl4 pl4 ,cal5dula suffruticosa4 ,calliopsis bicolor m>morata4 ,calliopsis c>dam9aefolia4 ,calliopsis elegans picta4 ,callirrhoe involucrata4 ,callirrhoe p$ata nana4 ,callirrhoe p$ata4 ,c5taurea ,am]icana4 ,c5taurea ,cyanus1 ,victoria ,dw>f ,compact4 ,c5taurea ,cyanus m9or4 ,c5taurea suaveol5s4 ,*rysan!mum ,burridgeanum4 ,*rysan!mum c>9atum4 ,*rysan!mum coron>ium4 ,*rysan!mum tricolor4 ,convolvulus m9or4 ,convolvulus tricolor4 ,cosmidium ,burridgeanum4 ,delph9ium1 s+le4 ,delph9ium1 d\ble4 ,dian?us1 ,d\ble ,:ite ,half ,dw>f ,m>g>et4 ,dian?us1 ,dw>f ,p]petual4 ,dian?us ,c>yophyllus semp]flor5s4 ,dian?us ,*95sis1 d\ble4 ,dian?us d5tosus hybridus4 ,dian?us ,h$dewigii4 ,dian?us imp]ialis4 ,dian?us lac9iatus1 ,salmon ,que54 ,dian?us plum>ius4 ,dian?us sup]bus1 dw>f fl4 pl4 ,dian?us1 ,picotee4 ,els*oltzia cri/ata4 ,es*s*oltzia ,cali=nica4 ,es*s*oltzia crocea4 ,es*s*oltzia1 ,m&>94 ,es*s*oltzia t5uifolia4 ,gaill>dia picta4 ,gaill>dia picta ,lor5ziana4 ,gilia a*illeaefolia4 ,gilia capitata4 ,gilia lac9iata4 ,gilia l9ifolia4 ,gilia nivalis4 ,gilia tricolor4 ,godetia ,:itneyi4 ,godetia gr&iflora maculata4 ,godetia rubicunda spl5d5s4 ,hibiscus ,africanus4 ,hibiscus1 ,gold5 ,b[l4 ,ib]is aff9is4 ,ib]is am>a4 ,ib]is coron>ia4 ,ib]is umbellata4 ,impati5s or ,balsam4 ,lavat]a alba4 ,lavat]a trime/ris4 ,l9um gr&iflorum4 ,madia elegans4 ,malope gr&iflora4 ,matric>ia eximia pl5a4 ,mat?iola or ,/ock1 9 _m =ms4 ,mat?iola1 ,wallfl[]-leav$4 ,mat?iola bicornis4 ,nigella or ,love-9-a-,mi/4 ,o5o!ra ,drummondii4 ,o5o!ra ,lam>ckiana4 ,o5o!ra rosea4 ,o5o!ra tetrapt]a4 ,papav] or ,poppy1 ( _m k9ds4 ,papav] c>d9ale4 ,papav] glaucum4 ,papav] umbrosum4 ,petunia1 ,r+ ( ,em]ald4 ,phlox ,drummondii1 9 _m v>ieties4 ,portulaca4 ,salvia f>9acea4 ,salvia ,horm9um4 ,salvia spl5d5s4 ,s*izan?us papilionaceus4 ,s*izan?us p9natus4 ,sil5e ,arm]ia4 ,sil5e p5dula4 ,tagetes or ,m>igold1 9 _m =ms4 ,tagetes erecta4 ,tagetes patula4 ,tagetes signata4 ,tropaeolum1 ,dw>f4 ,v]b5a auriculaeflora4 ,v]b5a ,italica /riata4 ,v]b5a hybrida4 ,v]b5a co]ulea4 ,v]b5a1 ,gold5-leav$4 ,visc>ia coeli-rosa4 ,visc>ia elegans picta4 ,visc>ia oculata4 ,z9nia1 ,dw>f4 ,z9nia elegans alba4 ,z9nia1 ,tom ,?umb4 ,z9nia ,haageana4 ,z9nia cocc9ea pl5a4 ,summ] b$d+ is (t5 made by p]5nial plants :i* are c>ri$ ov] f ! prec$+ ye>1 or bett]1 :i* are propagat$ = t p>ticul> purpose 9 ,febru>y & ,m>*4 ,su* plants z g]anium1 coleus1 alyssum1 sc>let salvia1 ag]atum & heliotrope may be us$ = ^! b$s4 ,x is a common practice to use g]anium plants :i* are 9 bloom dur+ ! w9t] = b$d+ out dur+ ! summ]1 b su* plants are tall & unga9ly 9 =m & h exp5d$ ! great] "p ( _! en]gies4 ,x is bett] to propagate new plants by tak+ cutt+s or slips late 9 ! w9t] & sett+ out "y1 fre%1 vigor\s subjects4 ,v bold & subtropical effects c be made by plant+ 9 ! op5 su* ?+s z palms1 bananas1 crotons1 arauc>ias1 caladiums & cannas4 ,plants l bananas & palms1 :i* are kept normally 9 pots1 w\ld bett] be left 9 ! pots & plung$ to ! rims r ?an turn$ out directly into ! soil4 ,9 ord] to atta9 quick & cont9u\s effects1 x is advisable to set ! plants r close4 ,z su* plants are likely to be injur$ by /rong w9ds1 x is well to h subtropical b$s 9 a some:at protect$ place4 ,ano!r type ( b$ is t :i* attempts to make patt]ns or designs1 or c>pet-b$d+4 ,!re are comp>atively few plants :i* are adapt$ to ?is purpose1 = ! plants mu/ be su* z w /& %e>+ & :i* h v /rong & con/ant colors ( foliage4 ,! mo/ popul> b$d+ plants are coleus 7p>ticul>ly ! yell[ ,gold5 ,b$d]7 a*yran!s1 alt]nan!ra1 ,c5taurea gymnoc>pa1 & su* succul5t plants z ! h\se leeks4 ,"s ( ! annual fl[]s may also be us$ = /rong color effects1 z ,lobelia ,er9us & sweet alyssum4 ,ord9>ily ! mak+ ( c>pet-b$s %\ld be left to pr(essional g>d5]s1 s9ce x requires mu* skill & c>e to make & keep ! b$s 9 p]fect condition2 & a ragg$ or imp]fect c>pet-b$ is worse ?an no b$ at all4 ,c>pet-b$s are really curiosities1 & !y h no m legitimate place 9 ! g5]al pictorial l&scape design area ?an pa9t$ /ones or %e>$ ev]gre5s4 ,!re=e1 !y %\ld be plac$ by !mselves at "o side1 :]e !y d n int]f]e ) ! g5]al design ( ! place4 ,9 public p>ks !y make a v useful attraction :5 set (f by !mselves1 ! same z zoological g>d5s or o!r attractions d4 ,,beef/eak ,,g]anium is ,begonia4 ,,beets4 ,be+ "o ( ! h>die/ ( spr+ vegetables1 ! se$ may be s[n z e>ly 9 ! spr+ z ! gr\nd c be work$4 ,a light1 s&y soil is ! be/ on :i* to gr[ ,beets to p]fection1 b any well till$ g>d5 soil w raise satisfactory crops4 ,on heavy soil ! turnip ,beet gives ! be/ results1 z ! gr[? is ne>ly all at or above ! surface4 ,! long v>ieties1 hav+ tap]+ roots runn+ deep into ! soil1 are apt to be mis%ap5 unless ! physical condition ( ! soil is su* t ! roots meet ) little ob/ruction4 ,a succession ( s[+s %\ld be made1 at int]vals ( f two to ?ree weeks1 until late summ]1 z ! ,beets are mu* m desirable 9 _! "y /age ?an :5 !y h become old & woody4 ,! ,mangel-,wurzel & ! ,sug> ,beet are usually gr[n z a field crop1 & w n ent] into ! calculations ( ! home g>d54 ,illu/ration3 ,e>ly ,beets ,9 ord] to ha/5 ! season ( ! extra-e>ly crop ( ,beets1 ! se$s may be s[n 9 boxes or 9 ! soil ( a hotb$ 9 ,febru>y or ,m>*1 transplant+ ! small plants to ! op5 gr\nd at ! "t ! fir/ s[+ ( se$ is made4 ,z ! flat or turnip-root$ v>ieties gr[ at ! surface ( ! gr\nd1 ! se$ may be s[n ?ickly1 & z ! m advanc$ roots are l>ge en\gh to use !y may be pull$1 leav+ room = ! lat] ones to develop1 ?us gr[+ a quantity 9 a small area & hav+ a long season ( small ,beets f "o s[+4 ,= w9t] use ! late ,july s[n se$ w give ! be/ roots1 gr[+ ?r\gh ! cool mon?s ( ! fall to a m$ium size & rema9+ firm )\t be+ t\gh or /r+y4 ,^! may be dug up aft] light fro/s & be=e any sev]e cold wea!r1 & /or$ 9 b>rels or boxes 9 ! cell>1 us+ en\gh dry dirt to fill spaces betwe5 ! roots & cov] !m to ! dep? ( #f in*es4 ,^! roots1 ?us pack$ 9 a cool cell>1 w be fit to use ?r\gh ! entire w9t] mon?s4 ,:5 x c be _h1 flori/s' or sphagnum moss is an excell5t m$ium 9 :i* to pack roots = w9t]4 ,! e>ly r\nd or turnip v>ieties are be/ = e>ly & summ] use4 ,! ,long ,blood ,beets may be us$ = /or+1 b ^! require a long] season ( gr[?4 ,,begonias4 ,t5d] b$d+ & h\se plants4 ,next to ! g]anium1 ,begonias are probably ! mo/ popul> = h\se culture ( ! entire plant li/4 ,! ease ( culture1 pr(usion ( bloom or ri*ness ( foliage1 toge!r ) _! adaptability to %ade1 make !m v desirable4 ,begonias may be divid$ into ?ree sections3 ! fibr\s-root$ class1 :i* conta9s ! w9t]-fl[]+ v>ieties2 ! tub]\s-root$1 ^? :i* bloom ?r\gh ! summ]1 ! tub] re/+ ?r\gh ! w9t]2 & ! ,rex =ms1 or ,beef/eak ,g]aniums1 hav+ l>ge ornam5tal leaves4 ,illu/ration3 ,fibr\s-root$ ,begonia ,! fibr\s-root$ k9ds may be propagat$ by se$ or cutt+s1 ! latt] be+ ! usual me?od4 ,cutt+s ( half-rip5$ wood root easily1 mak+ a rapid gr[?1 ! plants fl[]+ 9 a few mon?s4 ,! tub]\s-root$ v>ieties are propagat$ by division ( ! tub] or f se$1 ! =m] be+ r>ely done except to increase ! /ock ( "s extra f9e v>iety4 ,! se$s1 l ^? ( all ,begonias1 are v small1 & %\ld be s[n ) great c>e4 ,simply spr9kle !m on ! surface ( ! soil1 :i* %\ld be a mixture ( leaf-mold & s&1 ) ! addition ( a small am\nt ( fibr\s loam4 ,wat]+ %\ld be done by sett+ ! pot or box 9 :i* ! se$s are s[n 9 wat]1 all[+ ! moi/ure to asc5d ?r\gh ! soil4 ,:5 ! soil has become completely saturat$1 set ! box 9 a %ady situation1 cov]+ x ) glass or "s o!r object until ! t9y se$l+s appe>4 ,nev] all[ ! soil to become dry4 ,! se$l+s %\ld be transplant$1 z soon z !y c be h&l$1 into boxes or pots conta9+ ! same mixture ( soil1 sett+ ea* plant d[n to ! se$-leaf4 ,!y w ne$ ?ree or f\r transplant+s be=e !y rea* ! bloom+ /age1 & at ea* "o aft] ! fir/1 ! am\nt ( fibr\s loam may be increas$ until ! soil is compos$ ( "o-?ird ea* ( loam1 s& & leaf-mold4 ,! addition ( a little well rott$ manure may be made at ! la/ transplant+4 ,^! tub]\s-root$ ,begonias make sup]ior b$d+ plants if giv5 a %ady situation & deep soil2 b = ! amateur !y are p]haps bett] gr[n z pot-plants1 = "o is able to give !m bett] conditions by t me?od4 ,! fl[]s are bo? d\ble & s+le1 rang+ 9 color f pure :ite & yell[ to p9k & r$4 ,aft] fl[]+ ! plants w die d[n & ! tub]s1 aft] dry+ (f1 may be plac$ 9 a dry1 w>m place until spr+4 ,illu/ration3 ,rex ,begonia ,! ,rex type1 hav+ no bran*es1 is propagat$ f ! leaves4 ,! l>ge mature leaves are us$4 ,! leaf may be cut into sections hav+ at ! base a union ( two ribs4 ,^! pieces ( leaves may be ins]t$ 9 ! s& z any o!r cutt+4 ,or a :ole leaf may be us$1 cutt+ ?r\gh ! ribs at int]vals & lay+ ! leaf flat on ! propagat+ b5* or o!r w>m1 moi/ place4 ,9 a %ort "t "y plants hav+ roots ( _! own w =m4 ,^! may be pott$ :5 l>ge en\gh to h&le1 & w soon make good siz$ plants4 ,rex ,begonias usually gr[ little dur+ w9t]4 ,be sure t ! pots are well dra9$1 s t ! soil does n become s\r4 ,new plants--^? a ye> or s old--are usually mo/ satisfactory4 ,keep !m away f direct sunlight4 ,an insidi\s disease ( ,begonia leaves has rec5tly made its appe>ance4 ,! be/ treatm5t yet kn[n is to propagate fre% plants1 ?r[+ away ! old /ock & ! dirt 9 :i* x is gr[n4 ,,bellis ,,p]5nis4 ,see ,daisy4 ,illu/ration3 ,anci5t ,briton ,blackb]ry ,,blackb]ries4 ,! "o ess5tial to ! successful gr[+ ( ,blackb]ries is a moi/ soil1--n "o 9 :i* wat] w /&1 b "o ri* en\gh 9 humus to hold suffici5t moi/ure to c>ry ! crop ?r\gh ! gr[+ season4 ,x is usually f\nd be/ to plant 9 ! fall1 e>?+ up slightly ar\nd ! plants4 ,! di/ance betwe5 ! plants %\ld be regulat$ by ! v>iety4 ,! small]-gr[+ k9ds 7z ,e>ly ,h>ve/ & ,wilson7 may be plant$ #d x #g ft41 ! rank-gr[+ v>ieties 7z ,snyd]7 #f x #h ft4 ,?or\gh cultivation ?r\gh\t ! season w help 9 a mat]ial degree to hold ! moi/ure necess>y to p]fect a good crop4 ,! soil %\ld be cultivat$ v %all[1 h[ev]1 s z n to di/urb ! roots1 z ! break+ ( ! roots />ts a l>ge numb] ( suck]s t h to be cut out & de/roy$4 ,illu/ration3 ,%e>s = cutt+ out old canes ,blackb]ries1 l dewb]ries & raspb]ries1 be> b "o crop on ! cane4 ,t is1 canes :i* spr+ up ?is ye> be> next ye>4 ,f #c to #f canes are suffici5t to be left 9 ea* hill4 ,! sup]flu\s ones are ?9n$ out soon aft] !y />t f ! gr\nd4 ,! old canes %\ld be cut out soon aft] fruit+ & burn$4 ,! new %oots %\ld be p9*$ back at ! height ( #b or #c ft4 if ! plants are to support !mselves4 ,if to be fa/5$ to wires1 !y may be all[$ to gr[ ?r\gh\t ! season & be cut back :5 ti$ to ! wires 9 w9t] or e>ly spr+4 ,tools = ! cutt+ out ( ! old canes are well repres5t$ 9 ! pictures4 ,%e>s are us$ = %ort5+-9 ! canes4 ,illu/ration3 ,%e>s = head+-9 bu%es ,blackb]ry plants are sometimes laid d[n 9 cold climates1--! tops be+ b5t ov] & held to ! gr\nd by e>? or sods ?r[n on _! tips4 ,illu/ration3 ,knife hook = cutt+ out old canes ,snyd] is ! mo/ popul> comm]cial v>iety2 b ,agawam1 ,anci5t ,briton1 ,taylor1 & o!rs are bett] 9 quality4 ,a new pat* %\ld be plant$ e five or six ye>s4 ,,blue ,,bottle4 ,see ,c5taurea ,cyanus4 ,,bordeaux ,,mixture is a fungicide1 us$ to combat mildews1 leaf-diseases1 blights1 etc4 ,x is spray$ on ! plants ) a spray pump or syr+e1 or x may be appli$ ) a :isk broom4 ,apply en\gh ( x s t ! foliage looks blue4 ,x is made z foll[s3 ,copp] sulfate1 #f p\nds2 quicklime1 #d p\nds2 wat]1 #dj to #ej gallons4 ,dissolve ! copp] sulfate by putt+ x into a bag ( co>se clo? & hang+ ?is 9 a vessel hold+ at lea/ f\r gallons1 s t x is j cov]$ by ! wat]4 ,use an e>!n or wood5 vessel4 ,slake ! lime 9 an equal am\nt ( wat]4 ,!n mix ! two & add en\gh wat] to make #dj gallons4 ,x is !n ready = imm$iate use1 b w keep = "s "t4 ,if ! mixture is to be us$ on pea* foliage1 x is advisable to add an extra p\nd ( lime to ! above =mula4 ,:5 appli$ to su* plants z c>nations or cabbages1 x w adh]e bett] if a p\nd ( h>d soap is dissolv$ 9 hot wat] & add$ to ! mixture4 ,= rots1 molds1 mildews1 & all fung\s diseases4 ,:il/ ,bordeaux ,mixture is ! be/ g5]al fungicide1 x discolors ! plants until x wa%es (f4 ,on ornam5tal plants1 !re=e1 a colorless fungicide may be pref]able4 ,9 su* cases1 use ! ammoniacal c>bonate ( copp] solution1 z foll[s3 ,copp] c>bonate1 #a ounce2 ammonia1 #a volume #bf deg4 ,baume1 #g_/h volumes wat] 7en\gh to dissolve ! copp]72 wat]1 #i gallons4 ,! copp] c>bonate is be/ dissolv$ 9 l>ge bottles1 :]e x w keep indef9itely1 & x %\ld be dilut$ ) wat] z requir$4 ,= ! same purposes z ,bordeaux ,mixture4 ,,bord]4 ,! ^w bord] is us$ to designate ! heavy or cont9u\s plant+ ab\t ! b\nd>ies ( a place1 or along ! walks & drives1 or aga9/ ! build+s1 9 di/9ction f plant+ on ! lawn or 9 ! int]ior spaces4 ,a bord] receives diff]5t designations1 dep5d+ ^u ! k9ds ( plants :i* are gr[n !re92 t is1 x may be a %rub bord]1 a fl[] bord]1 a h>dy bord] = native & o!r h>dy plants1 a v9e bord]1 & ! l4 ,z a rule1 ! mo/ effective plant+ is t :i* is ?r[n into masses1 = "o plant re9=ces ! o!r1 & ! fl[]s h a good sett+ or backgr\nd4 ,v /rik+ displays ( foliage & fl[]s & plant =ms c be made :5 mass$ toge!r4 ,z a rule1 plants are m easily gr[n :5 plant$ 9 a bord]1 s9ce ! :ole area c be kept cultivat$ ) ease2 & if a plant becomes weak or dies1 its place is readily fill$ by ! neighbor+ plants spread+ into x4 ,plant+ 9 masses is also ess5tial to ! be/ arrangem5t ( ! y>d1 s9ce ! basis ( any l&scape is a m or less cont9u\s gre5sw>d 7see ,lawn74 ,! h\se occupies ! c5tral "p ( ! area1 & ! sides are heavily mass$ or plant$ s z to make a framework = ! :ole place4 ,! bord] may be mix$1--t is1 compos$ ( a great v>iety ( plants1--or x may be made up ( "o cont9u\s ?+4 ,9 long & v /rik+ bord]s1 x is (t5 be/ to h ! backgr\nd--t is1 ! back r[--( "o g5]al type ( plant 9 ord] to give cont9uity & /r5g? to ! :ole gr\p4 ,9 front ( ?is a v>iety ( plants may be set1 if "o desire4 ,illu/ration3 ,plant+ by ! /eps ,! l& %\ld be ri*4 ,! :ole gr\nd %\ld be pl[$ or spad$ & ! plants set irregul>ly 9 ! space2 or ! back r[ may be set 9 a l9e4 ,if ! bord] is compos$ ( %rubs1 & is l>ge1 a horse cultivator may be run 9 & out betwe5 ! plants = ! fir/ two or ?ree ye>s1 s9ce ! %rubs w be set f #b to #d ft4 ap>t4 ,ord9>ily1 h[ev]1 ! cultivat+ is done by h& tools4 ,aft] ! plants are once e/abli%$ & ! bord] is fill$1 x is be/ to dig up z little z possible1 = ! digg+ di/urbs ! roots & breaks (f ! cr[ns4 ,x is usually be/ to pull out ! we$s & give ! bord] a top-dress+ ea* fall ( well rott$ manure4 ,if ! gr\nd is n v ri*1 a spr9kl+ ( a%es or "s comm]cial f]tiliz] may be giv5 f "t to "t4 ,! bord] %\ld be plant$ s ?ick z to all[ ! plants to run toge!r1 !reby giv+ "o cont9u\s effect4 ,mo/ %rubs %\ld be set #c feet ap>t4 ,?+s z l>ge z lilacs may g #d feet & sometimes ev5 m4 ,common h]bace\s p]5nials1 l ble$+ he>t1 delph9iums1 hollyhocks1 & ! l1 %\ld g f #ab to #ah in*es4 ,on ! front edge ( ! bord] is a v excell5t place = annual & t5d] fl[]+ plants4 ,"h1 = example1 "o may make a fr+e ( a/]s1 g]aniums1 coleus1 or any?+ else :i* he may *oose 7see ,fl[] ,b$s74 ,! bord] is an excell5t place 9 :i* to colonize native or o!r int]e/+ plants4 ,a p]son comes across an attractive plant on 8 tramp & wi%es x 7 9 8 g>d54 ,:atev] ! "t ( ye>1 he may break (f ! top close to ! gr\nd1 take up ! roots & plant !m 9 ! bord]4 ,if a little att5tion is giv5 to ! plant = ! fir/ two or ?ree weeks1 z wat]+ or mul*+ or %ad+1 x %\ld become e/abli%$ & give satisfactory bloom ! foll[+ ye>4 ,two-?irds ( ! h]bs :i* "o w\ld take up 9 ?is way1 ev5 9 midsumm]1 %\ld gr[4 ,into ! heavy bord]s ab\t ! b\nd>ies ( ! place ! autumn leaves w drift & af=d an excell5t mul*4 ,if ^! bord]s are plant$ ) %rubs1 ! leaves may be left !re to decay1 & n be rak$ (f 9 ! spr+4 ,! g5]al outl9e ( ! bord] fac+ ! lawn %\ld be m or less wavy or irregul>1 p>ticul>ly if x is on ! b\nd>y ( ! place4 ,alongside a walk or drive1 ! m>g9s may foll[ ! g5]al directions ( ! walk or drive4 ,!re are ?ree rules = ! *oos+ ( plants = a h>dy bord]4 ,*oose 7#a7 ^? :i* y l be/1 7#b7 ^? :i* are adapt$ to ! climate & soil1 7#c7 ^? :i* are 9 place or 9 keep+ ) t "p ( ! gr\nds4 ,see ,h]bs1 ,%rubs1 ,trees4 ,,borecole is ,kale4 ,,bor]s4 ,!re is no sov]eign rem$y = bor]s except to dig !m out4 ,d n rely ^u wa%es or o!r applications4 ,if trees are exam9$ two or ?ree times a ye>1 x is n a labori\s und]tak+ to dig !m out1 z !y w n be deep 9 ! wood4 ,if !y d get deep 9 ! wood1 ?ru/ a wire into ! burr[4 ,by ! *ips ca/ f ! holes1 or by ! dead b>k1 ! pres5ce ( bor]s may be detect$4 ,apple & pea* trees are p>ticul>ly liable to attack4 ,! flat-head$ apple-tree bor] works j und]nea? ! b>k on any "p ( ! trunk or l>ge bran*es4 ,! r\nd-head$ apple-tree bor] eats into ! wood at ! cr[n4 ,,boxes ( _m sizes c be utiliz$ 9 :i* to gr[ plants4 ,excell5t effects ( bulbs & annuals may be _h 9 old soap boxes4 ,! boxes may be plac$ 9 ! be/ situations = ! gr[? ( ! plants1 & !y c receive bett] att5tion ?an ! l>ge fl[] b$4 ,v9es plant$ ab\t ! edge w hide ! sides1--su* v9es z ,k5ilwor? ivy1 moneywort1 maur&ya1 trail+ fu*sia1 & ! l4 ,,bra*ycome4 ,see ,swan ,riv] ,daisy4 ,,broccoli4 ,?is is almo/ id5tical ) ! ,caulifl[]1 except t x usually requires a long] season & matures 9 ! fall4 ,x is gr[n m g5]ally 9 ,europe ?an 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,! special m]it ( ,broccoli is its adaptability = late summ] plant+ & its rapid gr[? 9 ! late fall4 ,x is said t a l>ge proportion ( ,broccoli is us$ 9 ! manufacture ( pickles4 ,! culture is ! same z = ,caulifl[]1--deep1 moi/ soil well enri*$1 cool wea!r1 & ! de/ruction ( ! cabbage worm4 ,! "y plants may be gr[n 9 a coldframe or 9 a well protect$ bord]1 s[+ ! se$ ab\t ! #ae? ( ,may1 transplant+ into r[s 9 ,july4 ,9 sections 9 :i* e>ly fall fro/s are n to be fe>$1 ! plants may be set two weeks lat]1 say ,augu/ #a1 z all vegetables ( ! cabbage family make ! be/ gr[? ?r\gh ! cool mon?s ( ,septemb] & ,octob]4 ,! plants %\ld be set #ah 94 ap>t 9 ! r[s1 ! r[s be+ f #b-a_/b ft4 to #c ft4 ap>t4 ,,br[allia ,,elata is a v f9e t5d] annual1 giv+ a bord] or mix$ b$ a da% ( ame?y/ blue n (t5 f\nd 9 fl[]s4 ,x is a /rong-gr[+ plant ) a pr(usion ( bloom1 & no d\bt "o ( ! *oice/ plants ( its color 9 cultivation4 ,!re are o!r species ) :ite fl[]s t s]ve z contra/1 & may be gr[n ) ?is4 ,all ( ! k9ds may be tak5 up & pott$ 9 ! fall1 cutt+ ! plant well back1 & a pr(usion ( bloom may be obta9$ ?r\gh ! w9t] mon?s if att5tion is giv5 to p9*+ (f ! se$ pods4 ,9 ! g>d51 let ! plants /& #ab 94 ap>t4 ,! plants gr[ #a-b ft4 high4 ,,brussels ,,spr\ts4 ,?is is a vegetable t %\ld be m g5]ally kn[n1 z x is "o ( ! *oice/ ( ! cabbage family1 & may be _h at its be/ aft] ! season = caulifl[] has pass$4 ,x is ! bett] = be+ t\*$ by ! fall fro/s4 ,! p>ts us$ are ! buttons or spr\ts 7m9iature cabbage heads7 t gr[ ?ickly along ! /em4 ,^! %\ld be cut (f r ?an brok54 ,! v small h>d spr\ts or buttons are ! be/4 ,! culture is ess5tially ! same z = late cabbage or broccoli4 ,"o ounce w s[ #ajj ft4 ( drill1 or make upw>d ( #b1jjj plants4 ,set plants 9 field #b-c ft4 ap>t4 ,!y require ! entire season 9 :i* to gr[4 ,,budd+4 ,see ,graft+4 ,,bulbs4 ,! outdoor culture ( bulbs is extremely simple4 ,!y c>e = !mselves ?r\gh\t a great] "p ( ! ye>1 _m ( !m fl[]+ :5 no o!r plants are able to gr[ & bloom out ( doors4 ,:ile all ! s-call$ ,holl& bulbs w ?rive 9 any k9d ( soil1 !y w all d bett] by be+ plant$ 9 a deep1 s&y soil well enri*$ ) well rott$ manure4 ,b d n let ! manure come into direct contact ) ! bulb4 ,ev5 heavy clay soil may be fitt$ = ! gr[+ ( bulbs by ! addition ( %>p s&1 ei!r work$ into ! soil or plac$ directly "u ! bulb :5 plant$4 ,to make a bulb b$1 *oose1 if possible1 a s&y soil & ?r[ out ! top soil to ! dep? ( #f 94 ,put into ! bottom ( ! b$ ab\t #b 94 ( well rott$ manure & spade x into ! soil4 ,?r[ back half ( ! top soil1 level x (f nicely1 set ! bulbs firmly on ?is b$ & !n cov] !m ) ! balance ( ! soil2 9 ?is way "o w h ! bulbs f #c to #d 94 bel[ ! surface4 ,9 ! fall mon?s ! top ( ! gr\nd is cool] ?an at ! dep? ( #e or #f 94 & ! top ( ! bulb w n want to gr[1 :ile ! bottom1 :i* is always 9 a hurry1 w s5d out roots1 to pu% out ! leaves & fl[]s ! next spr+4 ,:5 ! wea!r is cold en\gh to freeze a h>d cru/ on ! soil1 ! b$ %\ld h its w9t] ov]coat4 ,?is may be /raw1 hay1 corn/alks or leaves spread ov] ! b$ to ! dep? ( #f 94 if ! mat]ial is co>se2 b if leaves are us$1 #c 94 w be en\gh1 because ! leaves lay close toge!r & may smo!r out ! fro/ t is 9 ! gr\nd & let ! bulbs />t4 ,:at we want is to keep !m asleep until spr+1 because if !y />t too e>ly ! h>d freezes ( ,m>* & e>ly ,april w spoil _! beauty if ! leaves or fl[]s are ne> or above ! surface4 ,e>ly 9 ,april1 9 ,new ,york1 ! cov]+ may be remov$ gradually1 & %\ld all be (f ! b$s be=e ! leaves %[ above ! gr\nd4 ,if !re is no s&y place = ! b$s1 make !m z direct$1 leav+ ! /ones 9 ! bottom ( ! b$ = dra9age4 ,!n1 :5 ready to set ! bulb1 place a l>ge h&ful ( s& :]e ! bulb is to g & set ! bulb on x4 ,?is w keep ! wat] f /&+ ar\nd ! bulb4 ,v f9e results may be _h on heavy soil by ?is me?od4 ,z to k9ds ( bulbs1 select hyac9?s1 tulips or n>cissus or daffodils1 ) sn[drops or crocuses ( v>i\s colors ar\nd ! edge4 ,= ! culture ( ^! & o!r bulbs1 see ! v>i\s articles ?r\gh\t ! book4 ,! gr[+ ( fl[]+ bulbs ?r\gh ! w9t] adds to ! li/ ( h\se plants a *>m+ v>iety4 ,! labor1 "t & skill requir$ is mu* less ?an t ( gr[+ _m ( ! l>g] plants m commonly us$ = w9t] decorations4 ,! l>g] numb] ( w9t] bulbs may be left out ( doors until )9 f\r to six weeks ( ! "t :5 !y are want$ 9 fl[]4 ,hyac9?s1 n>cissus1 tulips1 & crocus c be made to fl[] 9 ! w9t] )\t difficulty4 ,secure ! bulbs s z to be able to pot !m by ! middle or la/ ( ,octob]1 or if e>li] all ! bett]4 ,! soil %\ld be ri*1 s&y loam1 if possible2 if n1 ! be/ "o c get1 to :i* add ab\t "o-f\r? ! bulk ( s& & mix ?or\ghly4 ,if ord9>y fl[] pots are to be us$1 put 9 ! bottom a few pieces ( brok5 pots1 *>coal or small /ones = dra9age1 !n fill ! pot ) dirt s t :5 ! bulbs are set on ! dirt ! top ( ! bulb is ev5 ) ! rim ( ! pot4 ,fill ar\nd x ) soil1 leav+ j ! tip ( ! bulb %[+ above ! dirt4 ,if ! soil is heavy1 a good plan is to spr9kle a small h&ful ( s& "u ! bulb to c>ry (f ! wat]1 ! same z is done 9 ! b$s outdoors4 ,if "o does n h pots he may use boxes4 ,/>* boxes are a good size to use1 z !y are n heavy to h&le2 & excell5t fl[]s are sometimes obta9$ f bulbs plant$ 9 old tomato cans4 ,if boxes or cans are us$1 c>e mu/ be tak5 to h holes 9 ! bottoms to let ! wat] run out4 ,a l>ge size hyac9? bulb w d well 9 a #e-;in* pot4 ,! same size pot w d = ?ree or f\r n>cissuses or eight to twelve crocuses4 ,aft] ! bulbs are plant$ 9 ! pots or o!r receptacles1 !y %\ld be plac$ 9 a cool place1 ei!r 9 a cold pit or cell>1 or on ! %ady side ( a build+1 or1 bett] yet1 plung$ or buri$ up to ! rim ( ! pot 9 a %ady bord]4 ,?is is done to =ce ! roots to gr[ :ile ! top /&s /ill2 z only ! bulbs ) good roots w give good fl[]s4 ,:5 ! wea!r gets s cold t a cru/ is froz5 on ! soil1 ! pots %\ld be cov]$ ) a little /raw1 & z ! wea!r gets cold] m /raw mu/ be us$4 ,9 f six to eight weeks aft] plant+ ! bulbs1 !y %\ld h made roots en\gh to gr[ ! plant1 & !y may be tak5 up & plac$ 9 a cool room = a week or s1 aft] :i*1 if !y h />t$ into gr[?1 !y may be tak5 into a w>m] room :]e !y c h pl5ty ( light4 ,!y w gr[ v rapidly n[ & w want lots ( wat]1 & aft] ! fl[]s beg9 to %[1 ! pots may /& 9 a sauc] ( wat] all ! "t4 ,:5 j com+ into bloom ! plants may h full sunlight "p ( ! "t to help br+ out ! color ( ! fl[]s4 ,,bu%es4 ,see ,%rubs4 ,,cabbage4 ,= an e>ly crop1 ! plants mu/ be />t$ ei!r 9 ,febru>y or e>ly ,m>*1 or ! previ\s ,septemb] & w9t]$ ov] 9 coldframes4 ,?is latt] me?od 0 once a common practice by g>d5]s ne> l>ge cities1 b ! build+ ( gre5h\ses to replace ! _m hotb$s ( ! m>ket-g>d5] has *ang$ ! practice 9 _m localities1 & n[ mo/ ( ! e>ly ,cabbages 9 ! nor? are gr[n f se$ s[n 9 ,janu>y1 ,febru>y or ,m>*4 ,! plants are h>d5$ (f 9 ,m>* & e>ly ,april & plant$ out z e>ly z possible4 ,! private gr[]1 or "o ) a small g>d51 may (t5 procure 8 e>ly plants f ! m>ket-g>d5] mu* *eap] ?an he c gr[ !m1 z usually only a limit$ numb] ( e>ly ,cabbage plants are want$2 b = ! midseason & ma9 crop1 ! se$ may be s[n 9 ,may or ,june1 sett+ ! plants 9 ,july4 ,illu/ration3 ,e>ly ,cabbage ,= e>ly plant+1 ! numb] ( v>ieties is limit$ to ?ree or f\r4 ,= an int]m$iate crop ! li/ is m ext5d$1 & ! late v>ieties are v num]\s4 ,! e>ly li/ is head$ by ! ,j]sey ,wakefield1 a v>iety :i* heads v quickly1 &1 al?\gh n "o ( ! solid k9ds1 is g5]ally gr[n4 ,! ,e>ly ,york & ,w9nig/adt are good v>ieties to foll[ x4 ,! latt] especially is solid & ( v good quality4 ,= ! midseason1 ! ,succession & ,all ,season are ( ! be/1 & = ! w9t] supply ! ,drumhead1 ,dani% ,ball & ,flat ,dut* types are ! lead]s4 ,"o ( ! be/ ( ! ,cabbages = table use is seldom se5 9 ! g>d5--! ,savoy ,cabbage4 ,x is a type ) nett$ leaves1 mak+ a l>ge1 l[-gr[+ head1 ! c5t] ( :i* is v solid & ( excell5t flavor1 especially late 9 ! fall1 :5 ! heads h _h a slight t\* ( fro/4 ,savoy %\ld be gr[n 9 e private g>d54 ,! se$-b$ %\ld be made mell[ & ri*4 ,a good bord] w d4 ,! se$ is s[n pref]ably 9 r[s1 ?us all[+ ?9n+ ( ! plants & ! pull+ ( any we$s t g]m9ate4 ,! "y plants w well repay att5tion to wat]+ & ?9n+4 ,! r[s %\ld be #c or #d 94 ap>t4 ,:5 ! plants are l>ge en\gh to transplant1 !y may be plant$ :]e e>ly vegetables h be5 gr[n4 ,set ! plants f #ah to #bd 94 ap>t 9 ! r[1 ! r[s be+ #c ft4 ap>t = ! m$ium-gr[+ k9ds4 ,"o ounce ( se$ w furni% ab\t two ?\s& plants4 ,all ,cabbages require deep & ri* soil1 & "o t holds moi/ure well4 ,! be/ rem$y = ! ,cabbage worm is to kill ! fir/ brood on ! v "y plants ) ,p>is gre54 ,aft] ! plants beg9 to head1 pyre?rum or salt wat] may be us$4 ,on a small area1 h&-pick+ may be recomm5d$4 ,! maggot is ! mo/ s]i\s ,cabbage pe/4 ,aft] /udy+ ! sev5ty odd rem$ies propos$1 ,sl+]l& concludes t #f are effici5t & practicable3 gr[+ ! "y plants 9 closely cov]$ frames2 t>r$ pap] c>ds plac$ snugly ab\t ! base ( ! plants to keep ! fly away2 rubb+ ! eggs f ! base ( ! plant2 h&-pick+ ( ! maggots2 treat+ ! plants ) emulsion ( c>bolic acid2 treat+ !m ) c>bon bisulfide4 ,! insecticidal mat]ials are inject$ or p\r$ into ! soil ab\t ! base ( ! plant4 ,respect+ ^! two insecticides1 ,sl+]l& rem>ks3 ,always use ! crude c>bolic acid1 z x is mu* *eap] ?an ! purifi$ & is ne>ly1 if n q1 z effective4 ,x w probably be saf] if us$ z an emulsion ?an if simply dilut$ ) wat]4 ,we w\ld advise t x be made by ! foll[ =mula3 #a p\nd ( h>d soap or #a qu>t ( s(t soap dissolv$ 9 #a gallon ( boil+ wat]1 into :i* #a p9t ( crude c>bolic acid is !n p\r$ & ! :ole mass agitat$ into an emulsion1 :i* w rema9 9 ?is condition = a long "t4 ,9 treat+ ! plants1 take "o "p ( ?is /&>d emulsion & dilute x ) #cj equal p>ts ( wat]2 x probably c be us$ /rong] )\t injury to ! plants4 ,if ! emulsion is cold & semi-solid1 use sev]al p>ts ( w>m wat] at fir/4 ,beg9 ! treatm5t e>ly1 a day or two aft] ! plants are up1 or 9 ! case ( ,cabbages & ,caulifl[]s ! next day aft] !y are set 9 ! field1 & repeat x once ea* week or #aj days until ab\t ,may #bj 9 our /ate4 ,:ile we h little fai? 9 ! prev5tive effects ( ! e>ly treatm5ts1 we d believe t ! emulsion w !n kill _m ( ! eggs & rec5tly hat*$ maggots4 ,if x c\ld be appli$ ) "s =ce ?r\gh a syr+e or =ce pump1 x might n be necess>y to g to ! tr\ble ( fir/ remov+ "s ( ! e>? f ab\t ! plants4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t its success w dep5d on ! eggs or maggots be+ hit ) x4 ,none ( ! ,cabbages 9 our exp]im5t 7 injur$ 9 ! lea/ by an application conta9+ ne>ly twice z mu* ( ! acid1 & !re is b little dang] ( its injur+ ! t5d]e/ foliage ( radi%es1 turnips or onions2 if any injury manife/s itself on ^! crops1 dilute ! emulsion ) #dj or #ej or m p>ts ( wat]1 in/ead ( #cj4 ,a knapsack or :eelb>r[ spray] w\ld prove a v useful in/rum5t 9 apply+ ! emulsion on a l>ge scale4 ,! c>bon bisulfide is be/ inject$ into ! soil by means ( a long-nos$ syr+e4 ,sl+]l& 7,cornell ,bullet9 #gh7 illu/rates a specially made syr+e or injector = ?is purpose3 ,?us ,cabbage plants c be treat$ once1 & once is usually suffici5t1 at ! rate ( ab\t #aj plants = #a c5t = ! liquid1 us+ ab\t #a teaspoonful to ea* plant4 ,z ! injector w la/ = ye>s1 & sev]al neighbors might jo9 9 ! pur*ase & use ( "o in/rum5t1 its co/ w\ld practically n influ5ce ?is e/imate ( ! co/ ( kill+ ! maggots4 ,we believe x is ! *eape/1 mo/ effective1 & mo/ practicable me?od yet devis$ = fight+ ?is pe/ on crops ( ,cabbages & caulifl[]s2 on crops ( radi%es1 turnips1 or onions x w probably be too exp5sive except :]e *oice or new v>ieties are attack$4 ,! c>bolic acid emulsion w prove ! mo/ practicable on ^! la/ crops4 ,! club-root1 :i* causes ! roots to become greatly ?ick5$ & di/ort$1 is difficult to manage if ,cabbages or alli$ plants are gr[n cont9u\sly on l& 9 :i* diseas$ plants h be5 rais$4 ,*ang+ ! location ( ! ,cabbage or ,caulifl[] pat* is ! be/ proc$ure4 ,if v diff]5t crops1 z corn1 potatoes1 peas1 tomatoes1 etc41 are gr[n on ! l&1 ! disease w be />v$ out 9 two or ?ree ye>s4 ,,cacalia4 ,,tassel ,,fl[]4 ,,ladies' ,,pa9t ,,bru%4 ,a qua9t old annual1 9 two colors1 sc>let & orange4 ,x is easily gr[n1 & makes a f9e second-r[ plant = a bord]1 contra/+ well ) ,br[allia or ,ag]atum4 ,s[ :]e ! plants are to /&4 ,let plants /& #aj-ab in*es ap>t4 ,gr[ #a-a_/b to #b ft4 high4 ,,cactus4 ,?is class ( plants is (t5 se5 9 small collections ( h\se plants1 to :i* !y add int]e/1 be+ altoge!r diff]5t f o!r plants4 ,all ,cacti are easy to gr[1 requir+ b little c>e & endur+ ! heat & dryness ( a liv+ room mu* bett] ?an mo/ o!r plants4 ,_! requirem5ts are ample dra9age & a s&y soil4 ,cactus gr[]s usually make a soil by mix+ pulv]iz$ pla/] or lime refuse ) g>d5 loam1 us+ ab\t two-?irds ( ! loam4 ,! v f9e p>ts1 or du/1 ( ! pla/]1 are bl[n out1 else ! soil is likely to cem5t4 ,!y may be re/$ at any season by simply sett+ !m away 9 a dry place = two or ?ree mon?s1 & br++ !m into heat & light :5 !y are want$4 ,z new gr[? advances !y %\ld h wat] occasionally1 & :5 9 bloom !y %\ld be wat]$ freely4 ,)hold wat] gradually aft] bloom+ until !y are to be re/$4 ,"s ( ! mo/ common species 9 cultivation are ! ,phyllocactus species1 (t5 call$ ! ,night-bloom+ ,c]eus4 ,^! are n ! true ,night-bloom+ ,c]euses1 :i* h angul> or cyl9drical /ems1 cov]$ ) bri/les1 :ile ?is has flat1 leaf-l bran*es2 ! fl[]s ( ^!1 h[ev]1 are v mu* l ! ,c]eus1 op5+ at ev5+ & clos+ be=e morn+1 & z ! ,phyllocacti may be gr[n ) great] ease1 bloom+ on small] & y\ng] plants1 !y are to be recomm5d$4 ,see ,c]eus4 ,! ,epiphyllum1 or ,lob/] ,cactus1 is "o ( ! be/ ( ! family1 easy ( culture4 ,x be>s bright-color$ blossoms at ! end ( ea* jo9t4 ,:5 9 fl[]1 :i* w be ?r\gh "s ( ! w9t] mon?s1 ?is requires a ri*] soil ?an ! o!r ,cacti4 ,opuntias1 or prickly pe>s1 are (t5 gr[n z bord] plants ?r\gh ! summ]4 ,9 fact1 all ! family may be plant$ out1 & if a numb] ( v>ieties are set 9 a b$ toge!r !y make a /rik+ addition to ! g>d54 ,be v c>eful n to bruise ! plants4 ,x is bett] to plunge !m 9 ! pots ?an to turn !m out ( ! pots4 ,illu/ration3 ,caladium or ,colocasia ,,caladium4 ,tub]\s-root$1 t5d] p]5nial plants :i* are us$ = cons]vatory decorations1 & also = subtropical & bold effects 9 ! lawn4 ,! plants :i* are commonly kn[n "u ?is "n are really ,colocasias4 ,! plants %\ld be re/$ dur+ ! w9t]1 be+ kept 9 a w>m cell> or "u a gre5h\se b5*1 :]e !y are n liable to fro/ or dampness4 ,! roots are usually kept cov]$ ) e>? dur+ ! w9t]1 b !y are kept dry4 ,e>ly 9 ! spr+ ! roots are put into boxes or pots & are />t$ into gr[?1 s t by ! "t settl$ wea!r comes !y w be #a or #b feet high & ready to set directly into soil4 ,:5 set out ( doors1 !y %\ld be giv5 a place :i* is protect$ f /rong w9ds1 & "o :i* does n receive ! full gl>e ( direct sunlight4 ,! soil %\ld be ri* & deep1 & ! plants %\ld h an abundance ( wat]4 ,caladiums are mo/ excell5t plants = /rik+ effects1 especially aga9/ a h\se1 high %rubb]y or o!r backgr\nd4 ,if !y are plant$ by !mselves1 !y %\ld be 9 clumps r ?an scatt]$ z s+le specim5s1 z ! effect is bett]4 ,see t !y get a good />t be=e !y are plant$ 9 ! op5 gr\nd4 ,,calceol>ia4 ,small gre5h\se h]bs :i* are sometimes us$ 9 ! w9d[-g>d54 ,!y are n v satisfactory plants = w9d[ treatm5t1 h[ev]1 s9ce !y suff] f dry atmosph]e & f sudd5 *anges ( temp]ature4 ,9 ! w9d[-g>d5 !y %\ld be protect$ f /rong1 direct sunlight4 ,!y are gr[n f se$s4 ,if ! se$s are s[n 9 e>ly summ] & ! "y plants are transplant$ z !y ne$1 fl[]+ specim5s may be _h = ! late fall & e>ly w9t]4 ,9 ! gr[+ ( ! "y plants1 always avoid expos+ !m to direct sunlight2 b !y %\ld be giv5 a place :i* has an abundance ( scre5$ or temp]$ light4 ,a new crop ( plants %\ld be rais$ ea* ye>4 ,!re is a race ( %rubby ,calceol>ias1 b x is little kn[n 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,"o or two species are annuals :i* are adaptable to cultivation 9 ! op5 g>d51 & _! little1 ladyslipp]-l fl[]s are attractive4 ,h[ev]1 !y are ( second>y importance z annual g>d5 fl[]s4 ,,cal5dula4 ,^! are ! well kn[n ,,pot ,,m>igolds1 & add a bright spot to any g>d54 ,annual4 ,especially are !y f9e 9 ! cool days ( ! fall1 :5 _m ( ! annual fl[]s h gone to se$4 ,! places ( %ort-liv$ plants may be fill$ by s[+ se$ ( ,cal5dulas 9 ,may1 scatt]+ !m ?r\gh ! bord] & all[+ ! plants to gr[ :]e !y come up4 ,easy ( gr[? & h>dy4 #a-b ft4 high4 ,%\ld /& #h-ab 94 ap>t4 ,colors1 yell[ & orange4 ,illu/ration3 ,cali=nia ,poppy ,,cali=nia ,,poppy 7,es*s*oltzia ,cali=nica74 ,l[ p]5nial1 poppy-l plant1 gr[n z a h>dy annual4 ,x is c]ta9ly "o ( ! be/ l[-gr[+ annuals1 bloom+ ?r\gh a long season & be+ at its be/ ?r\gh ! cool days ( fall1 aft] t\*$ by fro/4 ,mo/ ( ! v>ieties h fl[]s ( f9e %ades ( orange or yell[1 mak+ a bright spot 9 ! bord] at all times4 ,!y are l ! pot m>igolds1 9 t once plant$ !y se$ !mselves4 ,!y are nev] out ( place1 & %\ld be left to bloom :]ev] !y may be4 ,fl[]s op5 only 9 sun%9e4 ,z cut-fl[]s !y are excell5t1 a l>ge b[l ( !m gl[+ l a gold5 ball1 especially if !y are emphasiz$ by a few blue l>kspurs or ba*elor's buttons4 ,propagat$ by se$1 :i* w\ld be/ be s[n z soon z ripe1 ?us giv+ ! plant an e>ly />t1 & hav+ bloom ?r\gh ! season4 ,!y make attractive mats ( foliage4 #ab-ah 94 high4 ,let ! plants /& #aj-bj 94 ap>t4 ,,calla 7prop]ly ,ri*>dia74 ,,egyptian ,,lily4 ,all ?+s consid]$1 ?is is "o ( ! mo/ satisfactory ( w9t] h\se plants1 l5d+ itself to v>i\s conditions4 ,! requirem5ts ( ! ,calla are ri* soil & an abundance ( wat]1 ) ! roots conf9$ 9 z small a space z possible4 ,if a too l>ge pot is us$ ! gr[? ( foliage w be v rank1 at ! exp5se ( ! fl[]s1 b by us+ a small] siz$ pot & apply+ liquid manure ! fl[]s w be produc$ freely4 ,a #f-;in* pot w be l>ge en\gh = all b an exceptionally l>ge bulb4 ,if desir$1 a numb] ( bulbs may be gr[n toge!r 9 a l>g] pot4 ,! soil %\ld be v ri* b fibr\s--at lea/ "o-?ird well rott$ manure w be none too mu*1 mix$ ) equal p>ts ( fibr\s loam & %>p s&4 ,! tub]s %\ld be plant$ firmly & ! pots set 9 a cool place to make roots4 ,aft] ! roots h p>tially fill$ ! pot1 ! plant may be br\ght into heat & giv5 a sunny position & an abundance ( wat]4 ,an occasional spong+ or wa%+ ( ! leaves w free !m f du/4 ,no o!r treatm5t w be requir$ until ! fl[]s appe>1 :5 liquid manure may be giv54 ,! plant w ?rive all ! bett] at ?is "t if ! pot is plac$ 9 a sauc] ( wat]4 ,9 fact1 ! ,calla w gr[ f9ely 9 an aqu>ium4 ,! ,calla may be gr[n ?r\gh ! entire ye>1 b x w prove m satisfactory1 bo? 9 leaf & fl[]1 if re/$ ?r\gh "p ( ! summ]4 ,?is may be done by lay+ ! pots on _! sides 9 a dry1 %ady place "u %rubb]y1 or if 9 ! op5 slightly cov]$ ) /raw or o!r litt] to keep ! roots f becom+ extremely dry4 ,9 ,septemb] or ,octob] !y may be %ak5 out1 clean+ (f all ! old soil1 & repott$1 z already m5tion$4 ,! (fsets may be tak5 (f & set 9 small pots & giv5 a ye>'s gr[?1 re/+ !m ! second ye> & hav+ !m 9 fl[] t w9t]4 ,! spott$ ,calla has v>iegat$ foliage & is a f9e plant = mix$ collections4 ,?is blooms 9 ! spr+1 :i* w l5g!n ! season ( ,calla bloom4 ,! treatm5t ( ?is is simil> to t ( ! common ,calla4 ,,calliopsis is a g>d5 "n = ,coreopsis4 ,,callirrhoe4 ,c4 p$ata is a h>dy annual :i* has l>ge1 graceful blossoms ( violet or r$4 ,is x a v free-bloom+ plant4 ,%\ld be />t$ 9 a frame & plant$ out :]e want$4 #b-c ft4 high & gr[s bu%y4 ,plants %\ld /& #a-a_/b to #b ft4 ap>t4 ,,camellia4 ,ye>s ago ,camellias 7 v popul>1 b !y h be5 cr[d$ out by ! in=mal fl[]s ( rec5t times4 ,_! "t w come aga94 ,!y are half-h>dy woody plants1 bloom+ 9 late w9t] & spr+4 ,dur+ ! bloom+ season keep !m cool--say n ov] #ej deg4 at night & a little high] by day4 ,:5 bloom+ is done !y beg9 to gr[1 !n give !m m heat & pl5ty ( wat]4 ,see t !y are well rip5$ by w9t]4 ,always scre5 !m f direct sunlight4 ,d n try to =ce !m 9 e>ly w9t]1 aft] ! gr[? has ceas$4 ,_! summ] qu>t]s may be 9 a protect$ place 9 ! op5 air4 ,propagat$ by cutt+s 9 w9t]1 :i* %\ld give bloom+ plants 9 two ye>s4 ,use a por\s soil = ,camellias1 ) consid]able leaf-mold4 ,,campanula4 ,,bell ,,fl[]4 ,b "o ( ! ,campanulas commonly li/$ by se$sm5 is an annual1--,c4 macro/yla1 a clean-leav$ plant1 gr[+ #b feet high1 spread+ ov] ! gr\nd1 & be>+ a pr(usion ( l>ge1 violet1 bell-%ap$ fl[]s4 ,! ,cant]bury ,bell is ! be/ kn[n4 ,x is bi5nial1 b if />t$ e>ly & transplant$ w bloom ! fir/ season4 ,! p]5nial ,campanulas are mo/ excell5t = bord]s4 ,c4 ,c>patica is p>ticul>ly good = edg+s4 ,,can>y ,,bird ,,fl[]4 ,see ,na/urtium4 ,illu/ration3 ,c&ytuft ,,c&ytuft4 ,well kn[n sweet-sc5t$ h>dy annuals1 9 r$1 purple1 & :ite2 easy ( culture & f9e = cutt+4 ,"o ( ! be/ ( edg+ plants = ! front r[4 ,! plants gr[ f #f 94 to #a ft4 tall4 ,s[ se$s :]e ! plants are to gr[1 lett+ plants /& #f-ab 94 ap>t4 ,!y d n la/ ! entire season1 & successive s[+s may well be made4 ,!re are also p]5nial k9ds4 ,,canna is n[ ! favorite b$d+ plant4 ,! improvem5ts made 9 ! pa/ t5 ye>s1 9 size & m>k+s ( ! fl[]s1 h creat$ a lik+ = ! plant4 ,! tropical effect ( a l>ge b$ ( ,cannas1 ei!r mix$ or ( "o color1 is n surpass$ by any o!r plant us$ = b$d+ purposes4 ,illu/ration3 ,canna ,! ,canna may be gr[n f se$ & _h 9 bloom ! fir/ ye> by s[+ 9 ,febru>y or ,m>*1 9 boxes or pots plac$ 9 hotb$s or w>mh\se1 fir/ soak+ ! se$s 9 w>m wat] = a %ort "t4 ,att5tion to transplant+ z ne$$ & removal to ! gr\nd only :5 x is well w>m$ are ! necess>y requirem5ts4 ,! majority ( ,cannas1 h[ev]1 are gr[n f pieces ( ! roots 7rhizomes71 ea* piece hav+ a bud4 ,! roots may be divid$ at any "t 9 ! w9t]1 & if e>ly fl[]s & foliage are want$ ! pieces may be plant$ 9 a hotb$ or w>mh\se 9 e>ly ,april1 />t$ into gr[? & plant$ out :]e want$ z soon z ! gr\nd has w>m$ & all dang] ( fro/ is ov]4 ,a h>d5+ ( ! plants1 by leav+ ! sa% (f ! hotb$s1 or sett+ ! plants 9 %all[ boxes & plac+ ! boxes 9 a %elt]$ position ?r\gh ,may1 n =gett+ a lib]al supply ( wat]1 w fit ! plants to take k9dly to ! f9al plant+ out4 ,aft] fro/ has injur$ ! tops1 ! roots may be dug1 *oos+1 if possible1 a dry day4 ,! soil is %ak5 (f & ! roots /or$ 9 a w>m1 dry place ?r\gh ! w9t]4 ,if ! cell> is too dry ! roots are liable to %rivel1 9 :i* case x w\ld be be/ to cov] !m ) soil or s&1 fill+ 9 ar\nd ! roots to exclude ! dry+ air4 ,cannas gr[ #c to #g ft4 high4 ,= d5se mass effects1 plant #ab-ah 94 ap>t4 ,= individual plants1 or = be/ bloom1 give m room4 ,f9e clumps may be _h by plant+ out ! entire old root1 n divid+ x4 ,cannas want a ri*1 w>m soil & a sunny place4 ,!y are v easy to gr[4 ,,cant]bury ,,bell is a ,campanula4 ,,c>bonate ,,( ,,copp]4 ,see ,bordeaux ,mixture4 ,,c>diosp]mum4 ,see ,balloon ,v9e4 ,,c>nations are ( two types1 ! outdoor or g>d5 v>ieties1 & ! indoor or =c+ k9ds4 ,normally1 ! ,c>nation is a h>dy p]5nial1 b ! g>d5 k9ds1 or ,m>gu]ites1 are usually treat$ z annuals4 ,! =c+ k9ds are fl[]$ b once1 new plants be+ gr[n ea* ye> f cutt+s4 ,m>gu]ite ,c>nations bloom ! ye> ! se$ is s[n1 & ) a slight protection w bloom freely ! second ye>4 ,!y make attractive h\se plants if pott$ 9 ! fall4 ,! se$s ( ^! ,c>nations %\ld be s[n 9 boxes 9 ,m>* & ! "y plants set out z e>ly z possible1 p9*+ out ! c5t] ( ! plant to make !m bran* freely4 ,give ! same space z = g>d5 p9ks4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>nation ,! w9t]-fl[]+ ,c>nations h become prime favorites ) all fl[] lov]s1 & a collection ( w9t] h\se plants seems incomplete )\t !m4 ,c>nations gr[ readily f cutt+s made ( ! suck]s t =m ar\nd ! base ( ! /em1 ! side %oots ( ! fl[]+ /em1 or ! ma9 %oots be=e !y %[ fl[] buds4 ,! cutt+s f ! base make ! be/ plants 9 mo/ cases4 ,^! cutt+s may be tak5 f a plant at any "t ?r\gh ! fall or w9t]1 root$ 9 s& & pott$ up1 to be held 9 pots until ! plant+ out "t 9 ! spr+1 usually 9 ,april1 or any "t :5 ! gr\nd is ready to h&le4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 to p9* out ! tops ( "y plants :ile gr[+ 9 ! pot1 & lat] :ile 9 ! gr\nd1 caus+ !m to gr[ /ocky & s5d out new gr[?s along ! /em4 ,! "y plants %\ld be gr[n cool1 a temp]ature ( #de deg4 suit+ !m well4 ,att5tion %\ld be giv5 to spray+ ! cutt+s ea* day :ile 9 ! h\se to keep d[n ! r$ spid]1 :i* is v p>tial to ! ,c>nation4 ,9 ! summ]1 ! plants are gr[n 9 ! field1 & n 9 pots4 ,! soil 9 :i* !y are to be plant$ %\ld be mod]ately ri* & loose4 ,clean cultivation %\ld be giv5 ?r\gh\t ! summ]4 ,frequ5tly p9* out ! tops4 ,! plants are tak5 up 9 ,septemb] & pott$ firmly1 & well wat]$2 !n set 9 a cool1 p>tially %ad$ situation until root gr[? has />t$1 spray+ ! foliage (t51 & wat]+ ! plant only z x %[s ne$ ( wat]4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>nation cutt+ ,! usual liv+-room conditions z to moi/ure & heat are n su* z ! ,c>nation dem&s1 & c>e mu/ be tak5 to ov]come ! dryness by spray+ ! foliage & sett+ ! plant 9 a position n expos$ to ! direct heat ( a /ove or ! sun4 ,9 comm]cial h\ses1 x is n (t5 necess>y to spray e/abli%$ plants4 ,pick (f mo/ or all ( ! side buds1 9 ord] to add to ! size ( ! lead+ fl[]s4 ,aft] all is said1 x is probably advisable 9 mo/ cases to pur*ase ! plants :5 9 bloom f a flori/1 & aft] bloom+ ei!r ?r[ !m away or /ore !m = plant+ 9 ! spr+1 :5 !y w bloom ?r\gh\t ! summ]4 ,,c>pet ,,b$d+4 ,see ,b$d+4 ,illu/ration3 ,e>ly ,c>rots ,,c>rot1 :ile ess5tially a f>m crop 9 ?is c\ntry1 is nev]!less a mo/ acceptable g>d5 vegetable4 ,x is h>dy & easily gr[n4 ,! extra-e>ly v>ieties may be =c$ 9 a hotb$1 or se$ may be s[n z soon z ! gr\nd is fit to "w 9 ! spr+4 ,! /ump-root$1 or half-long v>ieties1 are s[n = ! g5]al g>d5 crop4 ,well enri*$1 mell[ loam1 deeply dug or pl[$1 is be/ suit$ to ! requirem5ts ( ,c>rots4 ,! se$ = ! ma9 crop may be s[n z late z ,july #a4 ,s[ ?ickly1 ?9n+ to #c-d 94 9 ! r[4 ,! r[s1 if 9 a g>d5 t is h&-work$1 may be #ab 94 ap>t4 ,if ! cultivation is done by a horse1 ! r[s %\ld be f #b to #c ft4 ap>t4 ,"o ounce w s[ #ajj feet ( drill4 ,illu/ration3 ,ca/or ,bean ,,ca/or ,,oil ,,plant4 ,9 ! entire li/ ( quick-gr[+ plants !re is none t excels ?is = rapidity ( gr[?1 grace ( foliage & ri* effect4 ,us$ ei!r z a specim5 plant1 ) cannas1 caladiums1 or = a tropical b$1 or z a scre51 x gives ! mo/ satisfactory results4 ,se$s s[n e>ly 9 ! h\se1 & ! plants gr[n 9 ! full light1 make f9e1 /ocky plants to set out ab\t ! middle ( ,may4 ,) ri* soil & pl5ty ( wat]1 !y w gr[ )\t a *eck until fro/4 ,height1 #e-ab ft4 ,= scre5s1 plant #c-d ft4 ap>t4 ,!re are v>ieties ) diff]+ %ades ( foliage4 ,,caulifl[]4 ,! g5]al culture ( ,caulifl[] is mu* l t ( cabbage1 except t ! ,caulifl[]1 be+ m t5d]1 %\ld be m ?or\ghly h>d5$ (f be=e sett+ out4 ,/ill1 x is ess5tial t ! plants be set out z e>ly z possible1 z ! w>m wea!r ( ,june causes !m to make imp]fect heads unless ! soil is fill$ ) moi/ure4 ,no g>d5 crop w z well repay ! co/ & "t ( ?or\gh irrigation1 ei!r by runn+ ! wat] betwe5 ! r[s or apply+ x directly to ! plants4 ,:5 x is impossible to furni% wat]1 x w\ld be a good plan to mul* heavily ) /raw or "s o!r sub/ance4 ,?is mul*1 if put on j aft] a heavy ra91 w hold ! moi/ure = a long "t4 ,:5 ! heads beg9 to =m ! outside leaves may be br\ght toge!r & ti$ above ! head1 exclud+ ! direct sun%9e & keep+ ! head :ite & t5d]4 ,no vegetable w respond m quickly to good culture & well manur$ soil ?an ! ,caulifl[]1 & none w prove su* an utt] failure :5 neglect$4 ,x is imp]ative t c>e be tak5 to de/roy all ! cabbage worms be=e ! leaves are ti$ 91 z aft] t x w be impossible to see or rea* !m4 ,caulifl[] prosp]s be/ 9 moi/ soil & a cool climate4 ,f #a1jjj to #a1ejj plants may be gr[n f #a ounce ( se$4 ,good ,caulifl[] se$ is v exp5sive4 ,illu/ration3 ,caulifl[] ,= w9t] crop1 se$s may be />t$ 9 ,june or ,july1 z = late cabbage4 ,erfurt1 ,sn[ball & ,p>is are popul> e>ly v>ieties4 ,nonp>eil & ,algi]s are good late k9ds4 ,,cel]iac1 or ,,turnip-,,root$ ,,cel]y4 ,?is tub] has ! cel]y flavor 9 a pron\nc$ degree1 & is us$ = flavor+ s\ps & = cel]y salad4 ,x may be s]v$ raw1 slic$ 9 v9eg> & oil1 or boil$4 ,! culture is ! same z giv5 = cel]y1 except t no e>?+ or blan*+ is requir$4 ,ab\t an equal numb] ( plants are obta9$ f ! same weight ( se$ z f cel]y se$4 ,cel]iac is ext5sively us$ abroad1 b1 un=tunately1 is little gr[n 9 ,am]ica4 ,,cel]y has become "o ( ! favorite reli% & salad vegetables1 & is n[ v g5]ally gr[n4 ,! self-blan*+ v>ieties h simplifi$ ! culture s t ! amateur1 z well z ! exp]t1 may h a supply ?r\gh at lea/ six mon?s ( ! ye>4 ,! s-call$ new culture1 :i* consi/s ( sett+ ! plants close toge!r & caus+ !m to %ade ea* o!r1 c be recomm5d$ = ! g>d5 :5 a supply ( well rott$ manure is to be _h1 & :5 any am\nt ( wat] is available4 ,?is me?od is z foll[s3 ,=k or spade into ! soil a l>ge quantity ( manure to ! dep? ( #aj-ab 941 pulv]ize ! soil until ! gr\nd = ! dep? ( #d-f 94 is 9 v f9e condition4 ,!n set ! plants 9 r[s #aj 94 ap>t & ! plants b #e or #f 94 ap>t 9 ! r[s4 ,x w be se5 t plants set z close z ?is w soon fill ! soil ) a mass ( roots & mu/ h l>ge am\nts ( plant-food1 z well z a l>ge quantity ( wat]2 & ! mak+ ( su* a b$ c be recomm5d$ only to ^? :o c supply ^! ne$s4 ,illu/ration3 ,cel]y ,! common practice 9 home g>d5s is to pl[ or dig a %all[ tr5*1 sett+ ! plants 9 ! bottom & hoe+ 9 ! soil z ! plants gr[4 ,! di/ance ap>t ( ! r[s & plants w dep5d on ! v>ieties4 ,= ! dw>f v>ieties1 su* z ,:ite ,plume1 ,gold5 ,self-blan*+ & o!rs ( t type1 ! r[s may be z close z #c ft4 & ! plants #f 94 9 ! r[s4 ,= ! l>ge-gr[+ v>ieties1 z ,kalamazoo1 ,giant ,pascal &1 9 fact1 mo/ ( ! late v>ieties1 ! r[s may be f #d-a_/b to #e ft4 ap>t & ! plants #g or #h 94 9 ! r[4 ,! se$ = an e>ly crop %\ld be s[n 9 ,febru>y or e>ly 9 ,m>* 9 %all[ boxes1 :i* may be plac$ 9 a hotb$ or sunny w9d[1 or s[n directly 9 ! soil ( a hotb$4 ,cov] ! se$s ?9ly & press ! soil firmly ov] !m4 ,:5 ! se$l+ plants are ab\t "o in* high !y %\ld be transplant$ to o!r boxes or hotb$s1 sett+ ! plants #a 94 ap>t 9 r[s #c 94 ap>t4 ,at ?is transplant+1 z ) ! foll[+ ones1 ! tall leaves %\ld be cut or p9*$ (f1 leav+ only ! upright gr[?1 z ) ! utmo/ c>e x is almo/ impossible to prev5t ! outside leaf/alks f wilt+ d[n & dy+4 ,! roots ( ! plants %\ld also be trimm$ back at ea* transplant+ 9 ord] to increase ! fe$+ roots4 ,! plants %\ld be set z deep z possible1 c>e be+ tak51 h[ev]1 n to all[ ! he>t ( ! plant to be cov]$ up4 ,! v>ieties usually gr[n = an e>ly crop are ! s-call$ self-blan*+ v>ieties4 ,!y may be made fit = ! table ) mu* less labor ?an ! late crop1 ! %ade requir$ to blan* ! /alks be+ mu* less4 ,:5 only a few %ort r[s are gr[n 9 a private g>d51 scre5s ( la? may be made by driv+ /akes on ea* side ( ! r[ & tack+ la? on1 leav+ spaces ( an in* or m = ! light to ent]2 or ea* head may be wrapp$ 9 pap]1 or a tile dra9 pipe may be set ov] ! plant4 ,9 fact1 any mat]ial t w exclude ! light w r5d] ! /alks :ite & brittle4 ,! se$ = ! ma9 or fall crop %\ld be s[n 9 ,april or e>ly ,may 9 a se$ b$ prep>$ by =k+ f9e1 well rott$ manure into a f9e soil1 s[+ ! se$ ?9ly 9 r[s #h or #aj 94 ap>t1 cov]+ ! se$ lightly & firm+ ov] ! se$ ) ! feet1 hoe or back ( a spade4 ,?is se$ b$ %\ld be kept moi/ at all times until ! se$ g]m9ates1 ei!r by close att5tion to wat]+ or by a la? scre54 ,! use ( a piece ( clo? laid directly on ! soil1 & ! b$ wet ?r\gh ! clo?1 is (t5 recomm5d$1 & if ! clo? is always wet & tak5 (f ! b$ z soon z ! se$ spr\ts x c be us$4 ,aft] ! "y plants h gr[n to ! height ( #a or #b 94 !y mu/ be ?9n$ out1 leav+ ! plants s t !y d n t\* ea* o!r1 & transplant+ ^? ?9n$--if want$--to o!r gr\nd prep>$ 9 ! same mann] z ! se$ b$4 ,all ^! plants may be %e>$ or cut back to induce /ock9ess4 ,if 9 a private g>d51 ! gr\nd on :i* ! fall crop is usually set w likely be l& f :i* a crop ( "s e>ly vegetable has be5 tak54 ,?is l& %\ld be aga9 well enri*$ ) f9e1 well rott$ manure1 to :i* may be add$ a lib]al am\nt ( wood a%es4 ,if ! manure or a%es are n easily obta9$1 a small am\nt may be us$ by pl[+ or digg+ out a furr[ #h or #ab 94 deep1 scatt]+ ! manure & a%es 9 ! bottom ( ! tr5* & fill+ x up almo/ level ) ! surface4 ,! plants %\ld be set ab\t ! middle ( ,july1 pref]ably j be=e a ra94 ,! plant b$ %\ld h a ?or\gh soak+ %ortly be=e ! plants are lift$1 & ea* plant be trimm$1 bo? top & root1 be=e sett+4 ,! plants %\ld be set f #e to #f 94 ap>t 9 ! r[s & ! e>? well firm$ ar\nd ea* "o4 ,! aft]-cultivation consi/s 9 ?or\gh tillage until ! "t ( h&l+ or e>?+ up ! plants4 ,?is process ( h&l+ is accompli%$ by draw+ up ! e>? ) "o h& :ile hold+ ! plant ) ! o!r1 pack+ ! soil well ar\nd ! /alks4 ,?is process may be cont9u$ until only ! leaves are to be se54 ,= ! private gr[]1 x is mu* easi] to blan* ! ,cel]y ) bo>ds or pap]1 or if ! ,cel]y is n want$ until w9t]1 ! plants may be dug up1 pack$ closely 9 boxes1 cov]+ ! roots ) soil1 & plac$ 9 a d>k1 cool cell>1 :]e ! /alks w blan* !mselves4 ,9 ?is mann] ,cel]y may be /or$ 9 boxes 9 ! h\se cell>4 ,put e>? 9 ! bottom ( a deep box1 & plant ! ,cel]y 9 x4 ,an ounce ( se$ w furni% ab\t ?ree ?\s& plants4 ,,c5taurea4 ,%[y annuals & p]5nials4 ,c4 ,cyanus is ! ,,corn ,,fl[] or ,,ba*elor ,,button1 famili> to e fl[] lov]1 & always se5 9 old-fa%ion$ g>d5s4 ,?is is a f9e plant = bord]s or mix$ b$s1 & also gives good fl[]s = b\quets4 ,a bun* ( ! ,corn ,fl[]1 ) a spr9kl+ ( yell[ m>igolds or ,cali=nia poppy1 makes a ri* effect4 ,^! ,c5taureas are easy ( culture1 se$+ !mselves aft] once be+ plant$1 & com+ up ye> aft] ye> 9 great pr(usion4 ,!re are blue1 :ite & rose v>ieties4 ,annuals4 #b-c ft4 ,h>dy4 ,! silv]-leav$ ,c5taureas are us$ only = foliage effects4 ,!y are excell5t = ribbon b$s or bord] l9es4 ,! se$ ( ^! %\ld be />t$ 9 a hotb$ or box 9 ,m>*1 ! "y plants be+ set out :]e want$ :5 ! gr\nd becomes w>m4 ,^! species are p]5nials1 & are sometimes gr[n f cutt+s4 ,c4 c&idissima & ,c4 gymnoc>pa are among ! be/ :ite-leav$ b$d]s4 ,,c5tran?us4 ,l[-gr[+ h>dy annuals 9 two colors1 r$ & :ite4 ,!y make v effective cov]+ = l[ rockwork1 & are also suitable = vases or lawn baskets4 ,s[ :]e ! plants are to /&1 or />t indoors if e>ly bloom is want$4 #a ft4 ,?9 to #aj-ab 94 ap>t4 ,,c5tury ,,plant1 or ,,agave4 ,^! are f9e ornam5tal plants = ! w9d[-g>d5 or cons]vatory1 requir+ b little c>e & gr[+ sl[ly1 ?us ne$+ repott+ only at long int]vals4 ,:5 ! plants h outgr[n _! usefulness z h\se plants1 !y are /ill valuable z por* decorations1 = plung+ 9 rockwork or ab\t ru/ic nooks4 ,! /rip$-leav$ v>iety is ! mo/ desirable1 b ! common type1 ) its blue-gray leaves1 is highly ornam5tal4 ,!re are a numb] ( dw>f-gr[+ species ( ,agave t are n s common1 al?\gh !y may be gr[n ) ease4 ,su* plants add novelty to a collection1 & may be us$ ?r\gh ! summ] z not$ above or plung$ ) cactus 9 a b$ ( tropical plants4 ,all succe$ well 9 loam & s& 9 equal p>ts1 add+ a little leaf-mold 9 ! case ( ! small v>ieties4 ,! m common species are propagat$ by suck]s f ar\nd ! base ( ! e/abli%$ plants4 ,a few k9ds hav+ no suck]s mu/ be gr[n f se$4 ,z to wat]+1 !y dem& no special c>e4 ,agaves w n /& fro/4 ,,c]eus4 ,"u ! "n ( ,,night-,,bloom+ ,,c]euses1 sev]al species ( ,cacti are cultivat$4 ,! "n is sometimes appli$ to species ( ,phyllocactus1 ! fl[]s ( :i*1 9 :ite & %ades ( r$1 sometimes op5 at nightfall4 ,phyllocactuses are easy to gr[4 ,see ,cactus4 ,! true ,night-bloom+ ,c]euses1 h[ev]1 are species ( ! g5us ,c]eus4 ,! commone/ "o is ,c4 nycticalus1 b ,c4 gr&iflorus1 ,c4 triangul>is & o!rs are occasionally se54 ,^! true ,night-bloom+ ,c]euses all h long rod-l /ems1 :i* are cyl9drical or angul>4 ,^! /ems (t5 rea* a height ( #aj to #cj ft41 & !y ne$ support4 ,!y %\ld be tra9$ along a pill> or ti$ to a /ake4 ,!y are un9t]e/+ leafless ?+s dur+ a l>ge "p ( ! ye>2 b 9 midsumm]1 aft] !y are ?ree or m ye>s old1 !y ?r[ out _! great tubul> fl[]s1 :i* op5 at nightfall & )] & die :5 ! light /rikes !m next morn+4 ,!y are v easily gr[n1 ei!r 9 pots or plant$ 9 ! natural soil 9 ! cons]vatory4 ,! only special c>e !y ne$ is good dra9age at ! roots1 s t ! soil w n become soggy4 ,,*]ry4 ,( ,*]ries !re are two common types1 ! sweet ,*]ries & ! s\r ,*]ries4 ,! sweet ,*]ries are l>g] & tall]-gr[+ trees4 ,!y comprise ! v>ieties kn[n z ! ,he>ts1 ,big>reaus & ,dukes4 ,! s\r ,*]ries include ! v>i\s k9ds ( ,morellos & pie ,*]ries1 & ^! usually rip5 aft] ! sweet ,*]ries4 ,! s\r ,*]ries make l[1 r\nd-head$ trees4 ,! fruits are ext5sively us$ = cann+4 ,*]ry trees %\ld be plant$ :5 #b & #c ye>s old4 ,too ri* soil t5ds to make gr[? at ! exp5se ( fruit1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! sweet ,*]ries4 ,= ! sweet types1 a /rong1 gravelly loam is be/4 ,s\r ,*]ries ?rive well on clay loams4 ,trees ( ! s\r ,*]ry %\ld be plant$ #ah by #ah ft4 ap>t1 9 well prep>$ "u-dra9$ soil4 ,! trees may be slightly trimm$ back ea* ye>1 keep+ ! head l[ & bu%y4 ,illu/ration3 ,sweet ,*]ry ,! sweet ,*]ries h prov$ disappo9t+ 9 _m in/ances f ! rott+ ( ! fruit4 ,?is may nev] be entirely avoid$1 b good cultivation1 soil n too ri* 9 nitrog51 att5tion to spray+1 & pick+ ! fruit :5 dry1 w less5 ! loss v mu*4 ,9 ye>s ( sev]e rott+1 ! fruit %\ld be pick$ be=e x becomes fully ripe1 plac$ 9 a cool1 airy room & all[$ to color4 ,x w be ne>ly z well flavor$ z if left on ! tree2 &1 z ! fungus usually attacks only ! ripe fruit1 a consid]able "p ( ! crop may be sav$4 ,set ! trees #be or #cj ft4 ap>t4 ,illu/ration3 ,black ,t>t>ian ,*]ry ,leaf-blight is readily controll$ by timely spray+ ) ,bordeaux mixture4 ,! curculio or fruit worm is be/ controll$ by j>r+1 z = plums 7:i* see74 ,( sweet ,*]ries1 ,w9dsor is ! mo/ popul> v>iety4 ,o!r good k9ds are ,napoleon1 ,gov]nor ,wood1 ,dikeman1 ,black ,t>t>ian4 ,( s\r ,*]ries1 ,o/heim & ,e>ly ,ri*mond are v e>ly & productive1 b bett] k9ds are ,montmor5cy & ,engli% ,morello4 ,,*]vil4 ,! curl$ ,*]vil is a good addition to ! li/ ( g>ni%+ vegetables1 & adds flavor to di%es :5 x is us$ to season4 ,s[ se$s & cultivate ! same z p>sley4 ,! tub]\s ,*]vil resembles a %ort c>rot or p>snip4 ,x is mu* e/eem$ 9 ,france & ,g]many4 ,! tub]s h some:at ! flavor ( a sweet potato1 p]haps a little sweet]4 ,!y are p]fectly h>dy1 &1 l ! p>snip1 ! bett] = fro/s4 ,! se$ may be s[n 9 ,septemb] or ,octob]1 z x does n keep well2 or z soon z ! gr\nd is fit to "w 9 ! spr+1 x be+ sl[ to g]m9ate aft] ! wea!r becomes hot & dry4 ,"o packet ( se$ w give all ! plants necess>y4 ,,*e/nuts4 ,( ,*e/nuts !re are ?ree types 9 cultivation3 ! ,european1 ! ,japanese1 & ! ,am]ican4 ,! ,am]ican1 or native ,*e/nuts1 ( :i* !re are sev]al improv$ v>ieties1 are ! h>die/ & mo/ reliable1 & ! nuts are ! sweete/1 b !y are also ! smalle/4 ,! ,japanese v>ieties are usually injur$ by ! w9t] 9 c5tral ,new ,york4 ,! ,european v>ieties are some:at h>di]1 & "s ( ! v>ieties w ?rive 9 ! nor!rn /ates4 ,*e/nuts are v easily gr[n4 ,!y usually be> bett] :5 two or m trees are plant$ ne> ea* o!r4 ,!re are few really good ,*e/nut or*>ds 9 ,nor? ,am]ica1 b ,*e/nut plant+ is n[ consid]ably agitat$4 ,spr\ts 9 old ,*e/nut cle>+s are (t5 all[$ to rema91 & sometimes !y are graft$ to ! improv$ v>ieties4 ,! "y trees may be graft$ 9 ! spr+ by ! :ip-graft or cleft-graft me?od2 b ! cions %\ld be p]fectly dormant1 & ! op]ation %\ld be v c>efully done4 ,ev5 ) ! be/ workman%ip1 a consid]able p]c5tage ( ! grafts are likely to fail or to break (f aft] two or ?ree ye>s4 ,! mo/ popul> s+le v>iety ( ,*e/nut is ! ,p>agon1 :i* be>s l>ge & excell5t nuts :5 ! tree is v "y4 ,:5 ! home gr\nd is l>ge en\gh1 two or ?ree ( ^! trees %\ld be plant$ ne> ! bord]s4 ,,*icory4 ,! ,magdeburg ,*icory is ! v>iety usually spok5 (1 x be+ ! "o mo/ ext5sively gr[n4 ,! roots ( ?is1 aft] be+ gr\nd & roa/$1 are us$ ei!r z a sub/itute or an adult]ant ( c(fee4 ,! ,witlo(1 a =m ( ,*icory1 is us$ z a salad1 or boil$ & s]v$ 9 ! same mann] z ,caulifl[]4 ,! plants %\ld be ?9n$ to #f 94 ,9 ! latt] "p ( summ] !y %\ld be bank$ up l cel]y1 & ! leaves us$ aft] becom+ :ite & t5d]4 ,?is & ! common wild ,*icory are (t5 dug 9 ! fall1 ! leaves cut (f1 ! roots pack$ 9 s& 9 a cell> & wat]$ until a new gr[? ( leaves />ts4 ,^! leaves gr[ rapidly & are v t5d]1 mak+ a f9e salad vegetable4 ,"o packet ( se$ ( ! ,witlo( w furni% plants en\gh = a l>ge family4 ,illu/ration3 ,*rysan!mum ,,*rysan!mums are bo? annual & p]5nial4 ,! annual ,*rysan!mums mu/ n be conf\nd$ ) ! well kn[n fall-fl[]+ k9ds1 z !y w prove a disappo9tm5t if "o expects l>ge fl[]s ( all colors & %apes4 ,! annuals are mo/ly co>se-gr[+ plants1 ) an abundance ( bloom & a rank smell4 ,! fl[]s are s+le 9 mo/ cases1 & n v la/+4 ,!y are useful = mass+ & also = cut-fl[]s4 ,!y are among ! easie/ ( h>dy annuals to gr[4 ,! /onie/ "p ( ! g>d5 w usually suit !m4 #a-b ft4 ,colors :ite & %ades ( yell[1 ! fl[]s daisy-l4 ,among/ p]5nial k9ds1 ,*rysan!mum frutesc5s is ! well kn[n ,p>is ,daisy or ,m>gu]ite1 "o ( ! mo/ popul> ( ! g5us4 ,?is makes a v f9e pot-plant = ! w9d[-g>d51 bloom+ ?r\gh\t ! w9t] & spr+ mon?s4 ,x is usually propagat$ by cutt+s1 :i*1 if tak5 9 spr+1 w give l>ge bloom+ plants = ! next w9t]4 ,gradually transf] to l>g] pots or boxes1 until ! plants f9ally /& 9 #f-;in* or #h-;in* pots or 9 small soap boxes4 ,!re is a f9e yell[-fl[]$ v>iety4 ,illu/ration3 ,*rysan!mums 9 a box ,9 v>iety ( =m & color1 & 9 size ( bloom1 ! flori/s' ,*rysan!mum is "o ( ! mo/ wond]ful ( plants4 ,x is a late autumn fl[]1 & x ne$s little artificial heat to br+ x to p]fection4 ,! great blooms ( ! exhibitions are produc$ by gr[+ only "o fl[] to a plant & by fe$+ ! plant heavily4 ,x is h>dly possible = ! amateur to gr[ su* specim5 fl[]s z ! pr(essional flori/ or g>d5] does2 nei!r is x necess>y4 ,a well-gr[n plant ) f\rte5 to tw5ty fl[]s is f> m satisfactory z a w9d[ plant ?an a long1 /iff /em ) only "o imm5se fl[] at ! apex4 ,_! culture is simple1 mu* m s ?an t ( _m ( ! plants commonly gr[n = h\se decoration4 ,al?\gh _! season ( bloom is %ort1 ! satisfaction ( hav+ a fall display ( fl[]s be=e ! g]aniums1 begonias & o!r h\se plants h recov]$ f _! removal f out ( doors1 repays all ef=ts4 ,illu/ration3 ,cutt+ ( ,*rysan!mum ,cutt+s tak5 9 ,m>* or ,april1 plant$ out 9 ! bord] 9 ,may1 well t5d$ ?r\gh ! summ] & lift$ be=e fro/ 9 ,septemb]1 w bloom 9 ,octob] or ,novemb]4 ,! gr\nd 9 :i* !y are plant$ %\ld be mod]ately ri* & moi/4 ,! plants may be ti$ to /akes4 ,:5 ! buds %[1 all b ! c5t] "o ( ea* clu/] on ! lead+ %oots %\ld be pick$ (f1 z also ! small lat]al bran*es4 ,a ?rifty bu%y plant ?us treat$ w usually h fl[]s l>ge en\gh to %[ ! "* ( ! v>iety1 also en\gh fl[]s to make a f9e display4 ,z to ! receptacle into :i* to put !m :5 lift$ f ! bord]1 x ne$ n be a fl[] pot4 ,a pail or soap box1 ) holes bor$ = dra9age1 w suit ! plant j z well1 & by cov]+ ! box ) clo? or pap] ! diff]5ce w n be notic$4 ,if cutt+s are n to be _h1 "y plants may be b\ght ( ! flori/s & treat$ 9 ! mann] describ$4 ,buy !m 9 midsumm] or e>li]4 ,illu/ration3 ,vase ( small ,*rysan!mums ,x is be/ n to attempt to fl[] ! same plant two seasons4 ,aft] ! plant has bloom$1 ! top may be cut d[n1 & ! box set 9 a cell> & kept mod]ately dry4 ,9 ,febru>y or ,m>*1 br+ ! plant to ! sitt+-room w9d[ & let ! %oots />t f ! root4 ,^! %oots are tak5 = cutt+s to gr[ plants = ! fall bloom4 ,illu/ration3 ,h>dy ,*rysan!mum ,!re is a h>dy race ( ,*rysan!mums1 v excell5t = ! bord]4 ,mul* 9 w9t]4 ,! be/ bloom is usually giv5 ! fir/ & second ye>s4 ,,c9]>ia4 ,a t5d] gre5h\se plant4 ,x may be gr[n z a h\se plant1 al?\gh ! conditions necess>y to ! be/ results are h>d to obta9 outside ( a gre5h\se4 ,! conditions = _! gr[+ are a cool temp]ature1 frequ5t repott+ & gu>d+ aga9/ ! attacks ( ! gre5fly4 ,p]haps ! la/ is ! mo/ difficult1 & ) "o hav+ no facilities = fumigat+1 x w be almo/ impossible to prev5t ! difficulty4 ,a liv+ room usually has too dry air = ,c9]>ias4 ,! se$1 :i* is v m9ute1 %\ld be s[n 9 ,augu/ or ,septemb] to h plants 9 bloom 9 ,janu>y or ,febru>y4 ,s[ ! se$ on ! surface ( f9e soil & wat] v lightly to settle ! se$s into ! soil4 ,a piece ( glass or a damp clo? may be spread ov] ! pot or box 9 :i* ! se$s are s[n1 to rema9 until ! se$s are up4 ,always keep ! soil damp1 b n wet4 ,:5 ! se$l+s are l>ge en\gh to repot1 !y %\ld be pott$ s+ly 9 #b- or #c-;in* pots4 ,be=e ! plants h become pot-b\nd1 !y %\ld aga9 be repott$ into l>g] pots1 until !y are 9 at lea/ a #f-;in* pot 9 :i* to bloom4 ,9 all ?is "t1 !y %\ld be gr[n cool &1 if n possible to fumigate !m ) tobacco smoke1 ! pots %\ld /& on tobacco /ems1 :i* %\ld be moi/ at all times4 ,! g5]al practice1 9 ord] to h bu%y plants1 is to p9* out ! c5t] :5 ! fl[] buds %[1 caus+ ! lat]al bran*es to />t1 :i* !y are sl[ to d if ! c5tral /em is all[$ to gr[4 ,plants bloom b once4 ,,cives4 ,^! belong to ! onion family1 & are propagat$ by division ( ! root4 ,!y may be plant$ 9 a p]man5t place 9 ! bord]1 &1 be+ h>dy1 w rema9 = ye>s4 ,! leaves are ! p>ts us$1 z ! roots are v rank 9 flavor4 ,! leaves may be cut frequ5tly1 z !y readily gr[ aga94 ,,cl>kia4 ,! ,cl>kias are among ! popul> h>dy edg+ & vase annuals1 be>+ rose1 :ite or bord]$ fl[]s 9 great pr(usion4 ,! d\ble-fl[]+ v>ieties are ! mo/ %[y1 b ! s+le ones w prove v satisfactory4 ,! se$s may be s[n :]e ! plants are want$1 or />t$ 9 frames = e>li] fl[]s4 #f-ah 94 high4 ,?9 to #f-ab 94 ap>t4 ,plant 9 a w>m soil & sunny place4 ,,clematis4 ,"o ( ! be/ ( woody climb+ v9es4 ,! common ,c4 ,flammula1 ,virg9iana1 paniculata & o!rs are us$ frequ5tly to cov] division walls or f5ces1 gr[+ ye> aft] ye> )\t any c>e & produc+ quantities ( fl[]s4 ,c4 paniculata is n[ plant$ v ext5sively4 ,! panicles ( />-%ap$ fl[]s entirely cov] ! v9e & h a pleasant fragrance4 ,"o ( ! be/ ( all fall-fl[]+ v9es1 & h>dy ,nor?4 ,cl+s well to a *ick5-wire trellis4 ,! l>ge-fl[]$ section1 ( :i* ,jackmani is p]haps ! be/ kn[n1 is v popul> = pill> or por* climb]s4 ,! fl[]s ( ?is section are l>ge & %[y1 runn+ f pure :ite1 ?r\gh blue1 to sc>let4 ,( ?is class1 ! mo/ s]viceable purple is ,jackmani2 :ite1 ,h5ryi2 blue1 ,ramona2 crimson1 ,madame ,e4 ,&re4 ,! ,flammula class may be propagat$ by division ( ! roots4 ,! l>ge-fl[]$ k9ds are propagat$ by lay]s or root-graft+ on ,c4 ,flammula & o!rs4 ,illu/ration3 ,clematis paniculata ,a deep1 mell[1 ri* soil1 naturally moi/1 w suit ! requirem5ts ( ,clematis4 ,9 dry times apply wat] freely1 p>ticul>ly = ! l>ge-fl[]$ k9ds4 ,also provide trellis or o!r support z soon z !y beg9 to run4 ,clematis usually blooms on ! wood ( ! season3 !re=e prune 9 w9t] or e>ly spr+1 9 ord] to secure /rong new fl[]+ %oots4 ,! l>ge-fl[]$ k9ds %\ld be cut back to ! gr\nd ea* ye>2 & o!r k9ds may be simil>ly treat$ unless !y are want$ = p]man5t b[]s4 ,! ,clematis root disease is ! depr$ation ( a nematode or eel-worm4 ,x is seldom tr\blesome 9 gr\nd :i* ?or\ghly freezes4 ,,climb]s4 ,treat$ "u ,v9es4 ,,cobaea4 ,?is is mo/ commonly se5 9 ! gre5h\se1 al?\gh x is "o ( ! be/ ( t5d] climb]s = por*es4 ,se$ s[n 9 ,febru>y or ,m>*1 & gr[n 9 g5tle heat1 w make suitable plants = sett+ out by ,june4 ,x may also be gr[n f cutt+s ( ! "y wood1 tak5 9 ,febru>y & root$ 9 brisk heat4 ,! fl[]s ( ,c4 sc&5s are %ap$ v mu* l ^? ( ! ,campanulas1 b are l>g]4 ,!y op5 a gre5i% :ite & deep5 to a d>k purple 9 ! c\rse ( a few days4 ,! v9es 9 full bloom h a gradation ( colors z ! fl[]s are 9 diff]5t /ages ( developm5t4 ,! v>iegat$ =m ( ,c4 sc&5s %\ld be propagat$ by cutt+s to hold ! v>iegation4 ,gr[s #aj-ae ft4 ,t5d]4 ,climbs by means ( t5drils4 ,,cockscomb4 ,celosia cri/ata is ! well kn[n ,cockscomb1 hav+ combs or heads ( sc>let1 crimson1 rose & yell[4 ,! combs are (t5 sav$ = w9t] b\quets by cutt+ !m (f be=e ?or\ghly ripe & dry+ !m4 ,! fea!r$ section comprises tall-gr[+ plants ) plumes ( v>i\s colors :i*1 ) ! color$ leaves ( "s v>ieties1 make a /rik+ feature 9 a bord]4 ,! ,celosias1 be+ t5d]1 %\ld be />t$ 9 a hotb$ or frame1 pott$ (f :5 out ( ! se$-leaf1 & plant$ out 9 well enri*$ soil aft] dang] ( fro/ is pa/1 #a-a_/b to #b-a_/b ft4 high4 ,,coldframe4 ,a ,coldframe is a simple1 l[ /ructure1 cov]$ ) glass or oil$ pap] or clo?1 9 :i* plants are gr[n )\t artificial heat4 ,x diff]s f ! hotb$ 9 ! fact t x has no bottom heat4 ,! atmosph]e 9 ! ,coldframe is w>m] ?an t outside1 because x is protect$ f ! w9ds & because !re is m or less ( ! sun's heat /or$ up 9 ! e>?4 ,= ! details ( con/ruction ( ! ,coldframe1 see ,hotb$4 ,a ,coldframe is ord9>ily us$ = lat] "w ?an ! hotb$3 t is1 se$s may be s[n 9 a ,coldframe f two to ?ree & sometimes f\r weeks 9 advance ( _! s[+ 9 ! op52 :]eas 9 a hotb$ ! se$s may be />t$ f "o to ?ree mon?s e>li] ?an !y may be out ( doors4 ,coldframes are sometimes us$ = ! w9t]+ ov] ( h>dy plants :i* are />t$ 9 ! fall4 ,= example1 cabbage se$ may be s[n 9 ,septemb] 9 a ,coldframe & ! "y plants may be protect$ !re9 dur+ ! w9t]4 ,if !y are prop]ly gr[n & h>d5$ (f1 !y w n be injur$ by ! w9t]1 ev5 ?\gh !y freeze4 ,lettuce & sometimes caulifl[]s are c>ri$ ov] 9 ! same way4 ,coldframes are also us$ to receive plants :i* h outgr[n ! hotb$ & mu/ be transplant$4 ,plants :i* ne$ h>d5+ (f may also be transplant$ f ! hotb$ into ! ,coldframe4 ,! ,coldframe 9 ^! cases is an int]m$iate /age betwe5 ! hotb$ & ! op5 field4 ,,coleus4 ,a well kn[n foliage plant = pot culture or b$d+4 ,x 0 us$ v ext5sively at "o "t 9 ornam5tal b$d+ & ribbon bord]s1 b ow+ to its be+ t5d] has lo/ 9 favor1 & its place is l>gely tak5 by o!r plants4 ,cutt+s root v readily4 ,x may also be gr[n f se$1 al?\gh ! types h n become fix$1 & a l>ge numb] ( diff]5tly m>k$ plants may be _h f ! same packet4 ,?is w\ld n be a drawback 9 ! w9d[-g>d51 unless a uni=m effect is wi%$4 ,s[ ! se$ 9 g5tle heat 9 ,m>*4 ,make new plants f cutt+s ea* ye>1 & ?r[ ! old ones away4 ,,coll>ds4 ,?is is a "n giv5 to a k9d ( kale1 us$ :5 "y z gre5s2 also to "y cabbages us$ 9 ! same way4 ,! se$ ( any e>ly cabbage may be s[n ?ickly 9 r[s #ah in*es ap>t1 f e>ly spr+ to late fall4 ,! plants are cut (f :5 #f or #h in*es high & boil$ z are o!r gre5s4 ,! kale ,coll>ds is gr[n 9 ! ,s\?1 :]e cabbages fail to head4 ,x gr[s to ! height ( #b to #f feet1 furni%+ a l>ge quantity ( leaves4 ,,coll9sia4 ,a h>dy annual t %\ld be s[n 9 ! fall1 :]e want$1 if e>ly fl[]s are desir$4 ,! fl[]s ( all ! v>ieties are %[y1 ei!r 9 masses or plant$ 9 a bord]4 ,give !m a position ne> ! front1 z ! plants r>ely exce$ #ah in*es 9 height4 ,,columb9e4 ,see ,aquilegia4 ,,compo/4 ,see ,manure4 ,,convolvulus4 ,see ,morn+-,glory4 ,,coreopsis1 or ,,calliopsis4 ,v %[y h>dy annuals1 gr[+ f #a to #c feet high1 & cov]$ ?r\gh\t ! season ) a pr(usion ( bloom4 ,! colors range f lemon-yell[ to d>k velvety br[n4 ,excell5t = cutt+1 & v effective 9 mix$ bord]s4 ,!y ?rive 9 any g>d5 soil if !y h full sunlight4 ,s[ :]e !y are to gr[1 lett+ ! plants /& #f-ab 94 ap>t = mass effects4 ,,corn ,,salad4 ,?is is "o ( ! e>lie/ spr+ salad vegetables1 com+ into condition to use ) sp9a*1 & ne$+ ! same culture4 ,s[n 9 ! fall1 & cov]$ ) /raw or hay :5 cold wea!r sets 91 x w />t into rapid gr[? :5 ! cov]+ is remov$ 9 ,m>* or ,april4 ,or ! se$ may be s[n 9 e>ly spr+1 & plants w be fit to use 9 six or eight weeks4 ,"o packet ( se$ w suffice = a small family4 ,,corn1 ,,sweet1 is n s g5]ally us$ z x %\ld be4 ,usually :5 plant$ at all1 only "o plant+ ( "o k9d is made4 ,! e>s come to edible maturity almo/ simultane\sly1 & a %ort season ( ,sweet ,corn is ! result4 ,! fir/ plant+ %\ld be made f ,may #a to #aj1 plant+ e>ly1 int]m$iate & late v>ieties at ! same "t1 !n at int]vals ( two weeks until ! middle ( ,july1 :5 ! late v>ieties %\ld be plant$1 ?us hav+ a succession f ! fir/ crop until ,octob]4 ,! soil = ,corn %\ld be ri* 9 plant-food1 & ! co>s] manure left f ! prep>ation ( ! gr\nd = small crops may be us$ to good advantage4 ,corn = ! g>d5 is bett] plant$ 9 drills1 ! drills #c feet ap>t1 dropp+ ! se$ f #aj to #ab in*es ap>t 9 ! drills4 ,"o qu>t ( se$ w plant #bjj hills4 ,= extra e>ly1 ,m>blehead1 ,adams1 ,v]mont1 ,m9nesota & ,e>ly ,cory are favorites4 ,= lat] crop1 ,crosby1 ,hickox1 ,%oe ,peg & ,/[ell ,ev]gre5 are n[ popul>4 ,,cosmos4 ,! ,cosmos gr[n 9 a locality free f e>ly fall fro/s is c]ta9ly a beautiful ?+1 b !re are probably few fl[]s t h caus$ s mu* disappo9tm5t to ! fl[] lov] 9 ! ,nor?4 ,! se$ g]m9ates v freely4 ,! plants gr[ ) great vigor1 & if ! season p]mits1 an abundance ( bloom may be _h 9 ,septemb]4 ,an e>ly-fl[]+ /ra9 ( dw>f ,cosmos has be5 (f]$ by ! trade = sev]al ye>s2 & ea* ye> !re seems to be an improvem5t 9 ! size & colors1 s ! "t may %ortly come :5 ?is w equal ! late-fl[]+ v>ieties1 mak+ ! culture ( ,cosmos m satisfactory4 ,cosmos fl[]s are borne on long /ems1 & ! colors are 9 :ite & f9e %ades ( r$4 ,! foliage is also f9e4 ,se$ %\ld be s[n 9 g5tle heat1 9 ! gre5h\se1 hotb$ or w9d[ 9 e>ly ,april1 & ! "y plants transplant$ :5 #b in*es high1 sett+ ! plants well d[n 9 ! soil & giv+ at lea/ #c in*es betwe5 ! plants1 z !y are v likely to sp9dle up1 ) weak /ems1 if cr[d$4 ,:5 dang] ( fro/ is ov]1 set !m out 9 a w>m1 well %elt]$ position1 #c feet ap>t4 ,aft] ! plants />t into gr[?1 p9* out ! top to induce a bu%y gr[?4 ,if situat$ :]e ! w9d c :ip !m1 !y %\ld h a /ake driv5 close to ! /em1 & be ti$ to x = support4 ,fl[]s ( ,cosmos are on ! ord] ( s+le ,dahlias4 ,,cranb]ry4 ,! gr[+ ( ,cranb]ries 9 artificial bogs is an ,am]ican indu/ry4 ,! common l>ge ,cranb]ry ( m>kets is also a peculi>ly ,am]ican fruit1 s9ce x is unkn[n 9 o!r c\ntries except z ! fruit is %ipp$ !re4 ,cranb]ries are gr[n 9 bogs1 :i* may be flood$4 ,! :ole area is kept "u wat] dur+ ! w9t] "t1 l>gely to prev5t ! plants f w9t] injury by ! heav+ & freez+ & ?aw+ ( ! bogs4 ,flood+ is also employ$ at int]vals = ! purpose ( dr[n+ out insects1 mitigat+ dr\ght1 & protect+ aga9/ fro/ & fires4 ,e good ,cranb]ry bog %\ld h facilities = flood+4 ,! ord9>y practice is to *oose a bog :i* has a creek runn+ ?r\gh x1 or ?r\gh :i* "s creek or dit* may be div]t$4 ,at ! l[] side ( ! bog flood gates are provid$1 s t :5 ! gates are %ut ! wat] backs up & floods ! area4 ,x is be/ t ! bog be comp>atively flat1 s t ! wat] w be ( approximately equal dep? ov] ! :ole area4 ,at ! %all[e/ places ! wat] %\ld /& ab\t a foot above ! plants4 ,! wat] is usually let on ! bog e>ly 9 ,decemb] & kept on until ,april or e>ly ,may4 ,no flood+ is done dur+ ! re/ ( ! ye> unless !re is "s p>ticul> occasion !re=4 ,all ! wild & turfy gr[? %\ld be tak5 (f ! bog be=e ! v9es are set4 ,?is is done ei!r by digg+ x (f & remov+ x bodily1 or by dr[n+ x out by means ( a ye>'s flood+4 ,! =m] me?od is g5]ally consid]$ to be ! bett]4 ,aft] ! turfy gr[? is remov$1 ! bog is smoo!d & cov]$ #b or #c 94 deep ) clean s&4 ,! v9es are n[ set1 ! l[] ends ( !m be+ %ov$ ?r\gh ! s& into ! ri*] e>?4 ,9 ord] to prev5t a too rapid & tangl$ gr[? ( v9e1 x is cu/om>y to res& ! bog e ?ree or f\r ye>s to a dep? ( "o-f\r? or "o-half in*4 ,:5 s&+ is n practicable1 ! v9es may be m[n (f :5 !y become too luxuriant4 ,! plants = sett+ are m]ely cutt+s or bran*es ( ! v9es4 ,^! cutt+s may be f #e to #aj 94 long4 ,!y are ins]t$ into ! gr\nd 9 a hole made by a cr[b> or /ick4 ,!y are usually plant$ at di/ances ( #ab to #ah 94 ea* way1 & ! v9es are all[$ to cov] ! entire gr\nd z ) a mat4 ,9 ?ree ye>s a good crop %\ld be secur$1 if ! we$s & wild gr[? are kept d[n4 ,a crop ranges betwe5 #ej to #ajj b>rels p] acre4 ,,cress4 ,! ,upl& ,cress1 or ! true ,,pepp] ,,grass1 may be gr[n on any g>d5 soil4 ,s[ e>ly 9 ! spr+4 ,x makes a rapid gr[? & c be cut f f\r to five weeks4 ,succession ( s[+s mu/ be made1 z x runs quickly to se$4 ,! curl$ v>iety is ! "o usually gr[n1 z ! leaves may be us$ = g>ni%+ z well z = salads4 ,"o packet ( se$ w be suffici5t = ea* s[+4 ,any good soil w d4 ,s[ ?ickly 9 drills #ab-ah 94 ap>t4 ,9 summ] x runs to se$ quickly1 s t x is usually gr[n 9 spr+ & fall4 ,! ,wat] ,cress is m exact+ 9 its culture1 & c only be successfully gr[n 9 moi/ places1 su* z edges ( %all[1 sl[-runn+ creeks1 op5 dra9s1 or b$s excavat$ ne> su* /reams4 ,a few plants = private use may be gr[n 9 a frame1 provid$ a ret5tive soil is us$ & att5tion giv5 to wat]+ ! b$ (t54 ,wat] ,cress may be propagat$ f pieces ( ! /em1 us$ z cutt+s4 ,if "o is fond ( ,wat] ,cress1 x is well to colonize x 9 "s clean creek or pool4 ,x w take c>e ( itself ye> by ye>4 ,se$s may also be us$ = propagat+ x4 ,,crocus4 ,a h>dy bulb1 easily gr[n & giv+ good satisfaction ei!r 9 ! bord] or scatt]$ ?r\gh ! lawn4 ,!y are also =c$ = w9t] 7see ,bulbs74 ,!y are s *eap & la/+ t !y may be us$ 9 quantity4 ,a bord] ( !m along ! edges ( walks1 little clumps ( !m 9 ! lawn1 or masses 9 a b$1 give ! fir/ t\* ( color z ! spr+ op5s4 ,!y may be =c$ ) ease plant$ 9 pots or %all[ boxes1 put away 9 a cool place & br\ght into ! h\se at any "t ?r\gh ! w9t]4 ,a l[ temp]ature w br+ !m into bloom 9 p]fection 9 ab\t f\r weeks f ! "t !y are br\ght 94 ,!y c be _h 9 ! w9d[-g>d5 9 ?is way4 ,a s&y soil suits ! ,crocus admirably4 ,plant 9 ! fall1 9 ! op51 sett+ !m #c to #d in*es deep4 ,:5 !y %[ signs ( fail+1 take up ! bulbs & reset !m4 ,!y t5d to rise out ( ! gr\nd1 because ! new bulb or corm =ms on ! top ( ! old "o4 ,if be/ results are desir$1 x is well to r5ew ! b$ occasionally by buy+ new bulbs4 ,crocus b$s may be fill$ lat] 9 ! season ) quick-gr[+ annuals4 ,,croton4 ,"u ?is "n _m v>ieties & s-call$ species ( ,codiaeum are gr[n = cons]vatory decoration1 & latt]ly = foliage b$d+ 9 ! op54 ,! colors & %apes ( ! leaves are v v>i\s & attractive4 ,! ,crotons make good w9d[-g>d5 subjects1 al?\gh !y are v liable to ! attack ( ! mealy bug4 ,!y are propagat$ readily by cutt+s ( half-rip5$ wood any "t dur+ w9t] or spr+4 ,! plants %\ld be giv5 an abundance ( light 9 ord] to br+ out _! f9e colors2 b x is usually advisable to scre5 !m f ! direct rays ( ! sun :5 !y are gr[n "u glass4 ,if ! r$ spid] or ! mealy bug attack !m1 !y may be syr+$ ) tobacco wat]4 ,plants :i* are propagat$ indoors dur+ ! w9t] may be mass$ 9 b$s out ( doors dur+ ! summ]1 :]e !y make v /rik+ effects4 ,give !m ri*1 deep soil1 & be sure t !y are syr+$ frequ5tly en\gh on ! "u side ( ! leaves to keep d[n ! r$ spid]4 ,if ! plants h be5 gradually subject$ to /rong light be=e !y are tak5 out ( doors1 !y w /& ! full sunlight & w develop _! ri* colors to p]fection4 ,9 ! fall !y may be tak5 up1 cut back & us$ = w9d[-g>d5 or cons]vatory subjects4 ,crotons are %rubs or small trees1 & !y may be transf]r$ into l>ge pots or tubs & gr[n on into l>ge tree-l specim5s4 ,,cucumb]4 ,= e>ly use1 ! ,cucumb] is usually />t$ 9 a hotb$ or coldframe by s[+ ! se$ on pieces ( sod #d to #f in*es squ>e1 turn$ grass side d[n4 ,?ree or f\r se$s are plac$ on or pu%$ into ea* piece ( sod & cov]$ ) #a to #b in*es ( f9e soil4 ,! soil %\ld be well wat]$ & ! glass or clo? plac$ ov] ! frame4 ,! roots w run ?r\gh ! sod4 ,:5 ! plants are l>ge en\gh to set out1 a flat tr[el or a %+le may be slipp$ "u ! sod & ! plants mov$ to ! hill )\t *eck4 ,9 place ( sod1 old qu>t b]ry boxes are good2 aft] sett+ 9 ! hill ! roots may =ce _! way ?r\gh ! cracks 9 ! baskets4 ,! baskets also decay rapidly4 ,fl[] pots may be us$4 ,^! plants f ! frames may be set out :5 dang] ( fro/ is ov]1 usually by ! #aj? ( ,may1 & %\ld make a v rapid gr[?1 yield+ good-siz$ fruits 9 two mon?s4 ,! hills %\ld be made ri* by =k+ 9 a quantity ( well rott$ manure1 & giv5 a slight elevation above ! g>d5--n high en\gh to all[ ! w9d to dry ! soil1 b slightly rais$ s t wat] w n /& ar\nd ! roots4 ,"o ounce ( se$ w plant fifty hills4 ,! hills may be #d-e ft4 ap>t ea* way4 ,illu/ration3 ,cucumb]s ,! ,:ite ,sp9e is ! lead+ g5]al-purpose v>iety4 ,= v e>ly or pickl+ sorts1 ! ,*icago1 ,russian1 & o!r pickl+s are good4 ,! /rip$ beetle is an invet]ate pe/ on ,cucumb]s & squa%es4 ,foll[+ is ! late/ advice 7,hall & ,sirr9e1 ,new ,york ,/ate ,exp]im5t ,/ation73 ,poisons c be us$ ) success aga9/ ^! beetles = only a %ort "t 9 ! spr+1 :5 !y beg9 to fe$2 & aga91 9 ! fall1 aga9/ beetles ( ! new brood4 ,?is fall poison+ w succe$ only :]e !re is n an abundance ( wild fall fl[]s2 = ! beetles w des]t any poison$ crop = ! unpoison$ fl[]s & w fe$ ^u ! fl[]s to a consid]able ext5t1 anyh[1 if !y are to be f\nd4 ,gre5 ars5ite1 dry1 gave be/ results4 ,x 0 f\nd a wa/e ( ! poisons to apply !m 9 ,bordeaux mixture1 z ! mixture s repell$ ! insects t !y w\ld n eat ! spray$ v9es to secure ! poison4 ,^! poisons1 appli$ 9 wat]1 are liable to burn or /unt ! plants4 ,x is necess>y1 !n1 if we wi% to poison ! beetles1 to use a trap crop to attract ! insects & to apply ! poison to ?is crop in/ead ( to ! plants we design to protect4 ,on small areas x may be advisable to %ut 9 ! small plants ( ! gr[+ crop by ! well kn[n clo?-topp$ boxes2 by ! t5t-l clo? cov]s spread ov] ar*$ hoops or wires2 by boxes made f a rectangul> piece ( clo? & two %ort #f-;in* bo>ds ) cleats atta*$ to ins]t 9 ! soil & hold ! bo>ds upright2 or ev5 #f-;in* wire plate-cov]s4 ,cov]s1 h[ev]1 are too exp5sive on l>ge areas1 & !y h ! disadvantage ( frequ5tly mak+ ! plants weak1 s t w9ds w snap !m (f or twi/ & ru9 !m :5 ! cov]s h to be remov$4 ,if cov]s are us$ alone1 _! removal leaves ! unprotect$ v9es n only = fe$+ places b = bre$+ places = ! beetles4 ,bordeaux mixture1 if ?or\ghly & frequ5tly appli$1 makes z effici5t a protection z ! cov]s1 is mu* *eap]1 & at ! same "t protects ! plants f diseases4 ,?is mixture 7#a-to-#aa =mula7 %\ld be spray$ ^u ! ,cucumb]s :5 !y are j well up1 aga9 :5 !y %[ ! ?ird leaf1 & ! ?ird "t j be=e ! plants comm5ce to =m runn]s4 ,! e>ly application c probably be/ be made ) a knapsack spray]1 & lat] ones by any good pump spray]4 ,! ?ree applications %\ld n co/ ov] #b p] acre4 ,! ,bordeaux mixture is a mu* bett] repellant1 accord+ to /ation te/s1 ?an k]os5e1 turp5t9e1 tobacco du/1 c[ manure1 burdock infusion1 slug %ot1 bug dea?1 or any o!r kn[n comp\nd4 ,inde$1 all mat]ials ( ?is class1 suppos$ to drive away ! beetles by _! di/a/eful odor1 prov$ failures :5 us$ alone4 ,air-slak$ lime1 du/$ ov] ! v9es1 w make !m unpalatable to ! beetles1 b ! lime is liable to /unt ! plants4 ,x may be us$1 ) c>e1 by ^? ^: crop is n l>ge en\gh to w>rant pur*ase ( a spray+ outfit4 ,all ( ^! appliances or applications1 cov]s1 ,bordeaux mixture or lime1 m]ely protect ! "y plants until !y are /rong en\gh to /& ! injury f ! beetles2 !y d n kill ! insects4 ,to d ?is1 trap crops are ne$$4 ,z ! squa% is ! beetle's favorite food plant1 ?is vegetable %\ld be plant$--9 s+le r[s along ! m>g9s ( small pat*es1 9 sev]al r[s ar\nd l>ge fields--ab\t f\r days be=e ! ,cucumb]s or melon se$s are s[n4 ,:5 ^! trap plants are up & ! beetles appe> ab\t !m1 du/ ab\t half ! plants ) gre5 ars5ite1 res]v+ ! o!r half = use if ra9 or heavy dew makes ! poison soluble & kills ! v9es fir/ treat$4 ,! beetles1 attract$ by _! favorite tidbit1 w fe$ ^u ! squa% v9es & be poison$ by ! ars5ite4 ,:5 ! ,cucumb]s or melons are up1 unless !y are protect$ by cov]s1 spray ) ,bordeaux1 & poison m ( ! squa% v9es4 ,:5 ! beetles comm5ce to pair1 ! squa%es may be cultivat$ up1 leav+ only a few v9es = ! beetles to fe$ ^u at fl[]+ "t1 z ! insects pref] ! squa% fl[]s & w n mole/ ! o!rs4 ,beans may be us$ ) "s success z a fall cat* crop1 :]e wild fl[]s are n too pl5tiful4 ,!y %\ld be plant$ on ! ,cucumb] or melon fields2 & :5 ! beetles leave ! old v9es to fe$ ^u ! fre% bean plants1 !y %\ld be treat$ to lib]al doses ( poison z well4 ,! mildew on ! v9es c be prev5t$ by ,bordeaux mixture spray4 ,illu/ration3 ,currants ,,currants4 ,! ,currant1 be+ "o ( ! h>die/ & mo/ productive ( fruits1 is (t5 neglect$1 ! pat* all[$ to become f\l ) grass1 nev] ?9n$ or trimm$1 ! worms eat+ ! leaves until1 9 ! c\rse ( "t1 ! plants weak5 & die4 ,along ! f5ce is no place to plant ,currants1 or1 inde$1 any o!r fruit2 plant out 9 ! op51 at lea/ #e feet f any?+ t w int]f]e ) cultivation4 ,no fruit crop w respond m readily to good c>e ?an ! ,currant4 ,clean cultivation & a lib]al use ( manure or f]tiliz]s w c]ta9ly be foll[$ by well pay+ crops4 ,"o- or two-ye>-old plants may be set #d by #f feet4 ,trim ! bu% by cutt+ (f mo/ ( ! suck]s bel[ ! surface ( ! gr\nd4 ,if ! season is dry1 a mul* ( /raw or leaves w assi/ ! plants to e/abli% !mselves4 ,! r$ & :ite ,currants be> mo/ly on two-ye>-old or old] wood4 ,a succession ( "y %oots %\ld be all[$ to gr[ to take ! place ( ! old be>+ wood4 ,cut out ! canes z !y gr[ old]4 ,! p>tial %ade af=d$ by a "y or*>d suits ! ,currant well1 & if ! gr\nd is 9 good condition no bad results w foll[ to ! or*>d1 provid$ ! ,currants are remov$ be=e ! trees ne$ ! entire fe$+ space4 ,a ,currant pat* %\ld cont9ue 9 good be>+ = #aj to #bj ye>s1 if prop]ly h&l$4 ,"o v important po9t is to keep ! old1 weak canes cut out1 & a succession ( two to f\r new ones com+ f ! root ea* ye>4 ,= home use1 ,:ite ,imp]ial & ,moore's ,ruby are excell5t4 ,pr9ce ( ,wales is a heavy be>] & excell5t = cook+4 ,wild]1 ,victoria1 ,*]ry & ,:ite ,grape are m]itori\s v>ieties4 ,to combat ! ,currant worm1 spray ?or\ghly ) ,p>is gre5 to kill ! fir/ brood1 j z soon z holes c be se5 9 ! l[] leaves--usually be=e ! plants are 9 bloom4 ,= ! second brood1 if x appe>1 spray ) :ite hellebore4 ,= bor]s1 cut out & burn ! affect$ canes4 ,,cutt+s4 ,cutt+s are p>ts ( plants :i* are ins]t$ 9 soil or wat] ) ! int5tion t !y %all gr[ & make new plants4 ,!y are ( v>i\s k9ds4 ,!y may be classifi$1 ) ref]5ce to ! age ( ! wood or tissue1 into two classes2 viz41 ^? made f p]fectly h>d or dormant wood 7tak5 f ! w9t] twigs ( trees & bu%es71 & ^? made f m or less immature or gr[+ wood4 ,!y may be classifi$ aga9 9 respect to ! "p ( ! plants f :i* !y are tak51 z root ,cutt+s1 tub] ,cutt+s 7z ! ord9>y se$ plant$ = potatoes71 /em ,cutt+s & leaf ,cutt+s4 ,illu/ration3 ,! plant+ ( dormant wood ,cutt+s ,dormant wood ,cutt+s are us$ = grapes1 currants1 gooseb]ries1 will[s1 popl>s & _m o!r k9ds ( s(t-wood$ trees & %rubs4 ,cutt+s are ord9>ily tak5 9 fall or w9t]1 b cut into ! prop] l5g?s & !n buri$ 9 s& or moss :]e !y d n freeze1 9 ord] t ! l[] end may heal ov] or callus4 ,9 ! spr+ ^! ,cutt+s are set 9 ! gr\nd1 pref]ably 9 a r s&y & well dra9$ place4 ,usually1 h>dwood ,cutt+s are made ) two to f\r jo9ts or buds1 & :5 !y are plant$1 only ! upp] bud projects above ! gr\nd4 ,!y may be plant$ erect1 z ! picture %[s1 or some:at slant+4 ,9 ord] t ! ,cutt+ may rea* d[n to moi/ e>?1 x is desirable t x %\ld n be less ?an #f in*es long2 & x is sometimes bett] if x is #h to #ab in*es4 ,if ! wood is %ort-jo9t$1 !re may be sev]al buds on a ,cutt+ ( ?is l5g?2 &1 9 ord] to prev5t too _m %oots f aris+ f ^! buds1 ! l[]mo/ buds are (t5 cut out4 ,roots w />t z readily if ! l[] buds are remov$1 s9ce ! buds gr[ into %oots & n into roots4 ,cutt+s ( currants1 grapes1 gooseb]ries1 & ! l may be set 9 r[s :i* are f> en\gh ap>t to admit ( easy tillage ei!r ) horse or h& tools1 & ! ,cutt+s may be plac$ f #c to #h in*es ap>t 9 ! r[4 ,aft] ! ,cutt+s h gr[n = "o season1 ! plants are usually transplant$ & giv5 m room = ! second ye>'s gr[?1 aft] :i* "t !y are ready to be set 9 p]man5t plantations4 ,9 "s cases1 ! plants are set at ! end ( ! fir/ ye>2 b two-ye> plants are /rong] & usually pref]able4 ,illu/ration3 ,root ,cutt+1 :i* has giv5 rise to a %oot ,root ,cutt+s are us$ = blackb]ries1 raspb]ries1 & a few o!r ?+s4 ,!y are ord9>ily made ( roots f ! size ( a lead p5cil to "o's little f+]1 & are cut 9 l5g?s f #c to #e in*es long4 ,! ,cutt+s are /or$ ! same z /em ,cutt+s & all[$ to callus4 ,9 ! spr+ !y are plant$ 9 a horizontal or ne>ly horizontal position 9 moi/1 s&y soil1 be+ entirely cov]$ to a dep? ( #a or #b in*es4 ,s(twood or gre5wood ,cutt+s are always root$ "u cov]2 t is1 9 a gre5h\se1 coldframe or dwell+ h\se4 ,!y are usually made ( wood :i* is mature en\gh to break :5 x is b5t %>ply4 ,:5 ! wood is s s(t t x w b5d & n break1 x is too immature1 9 ! majority ( plants1 = ! mak+ ( good ,cutt+s4 ,"o to two jo9ts is ! prop] l5g? ( a gre5wood ,cutt+4 ,if ( two jo9ts1 ! l[] leaf %\ld be cut (f & ! upp] leaves cut 9 two1 s t !y d n pres5t _! entire surface to ! air & !reby evaporate ! plant juices too rapidly4 ,if ! ,cutt+ is ( only "o jo9t1 ! l[] end is usually cut j above a jo9t4 ,9 ei!r case1 ! ,cutt+s are usually ins]t$ 9 s& or well wa%$ gravel1 ne>ly or q up to ! leaves4 ,keep ! b$ uni=mly moi/ ?r\gh\t its dep?1 b avoid any soil :i* holds s mu* moi/ure t x becomes muddy & s\r4 ,^! ,cutt+s %\ld be %ad$ until !y beg9 to emit _! roots4 ,coleus1 g]aniums1 fu*sias1 & ne>ly all ! common gre5h\se & h\se plants1 are propagat$ by ^! ,cutt+s or slips4 ,leaf ,cutt+s are (t5 us$1 = ! fancy-leav$ begonias1 glox9ias1 & a few o!r plants4 ,! "y plant usually arises mo/ readily f ! leaf-/alk or petiole4 ,! leaf1 !re=e1 is ins]t$ into ! gr\nd mu* z a gre5 ,cutt+ is4 ,begonia leaves1 h[ev]1 w ?r[ out "y plants f ! ma9 ve9s :5 ^! ve9s or ribs are cut4 ,!re=e1 well-gr[n & firm begonia leaves are sometimes laid flat on ! s& & ! ma9 ve9s cut2 !n ! leaf is weight$ d[n ) pebbles or pegs s t ^! cut surfaces come into intimate contact ) ! soil b5ea?4 ,! begonia leaf may be treat$ 9 v>i\s o!r ways & /ill give good results4 ,see ,begonia4 ,9 ! gr[+ ( all gre5wood ,cutt+s1 x is well to rememb] t !y %\ld h a g5tle bottom heat2 ! soil %\ld be su* t x w hold moi/ure & yet n rema9 wet2 ! air ab\t ! tops %\ld n become close & /agnant1 else ! plants w damp (f2 & ! tops %\ld be %ad$ = a "t4 ,illu/ration3 ,cutt+s ins]t$ 9 a d\ble pot ,an excell5t me?od ( />t+ ,cutt+s 9 ! liv+ room is to make a d\ble pot1 z %[n 9 ! picture4 ,inside a #f-;in* pot1 set a #d-;in* pot4 ,fill ! bottom1 a1 ) gravel or bits ( brick1 = dra9age4 ,plug ! hole 9 ! inside pot4 ,fill ! spaces betwe51 c1 ) e>?1 & 9 ?is set ! ,cutt+s4 ,wat] may be p\r$ into ! inn] pot1 b1 to supply ! moi/ure4 ,,cutworms4 ,probably ! rem$y = ,cutworms mo/ (t5 practic$ 9 g>d5s1 & :i* _c fail to be effective :5 fai?fully c>ri$ out1 is h&-pick+ ) lant]ns at night or digg+ !m out f ar\nd ! base ( ! infe/$ plants dur+ ! day4 ,bu%els ( ,cutworms h be5 ga!r$ 9 ?is way1 & ) pr(it4 ,:5 f "s cause success does n att5d ! use ( ! poison$ baits1 discuss$ next1 h&-pick+ is ! only o!r me?od yet recomm5d$ :i* c be reli$ ^u to *eck ,cutworm depr$ations4 ,by f> ! be/ me?ods yet devis$ = kill+ ,cutworms 9 any situation are ! poison$ baits2 h&-pick+ is usually unnecess>y :]e !y are ?or\ghly us$4 ,poison$ bun*es ( clov] or we$s h be5 ?or\ghly te/$1 ev5 by ! wagon-load1 ov] l>ge areas1 & ne>ly all h report$ !m v effective2 lamb's qu>t]s 7pigwe$71 pepp]-grass & mulle9 are among ! we$s especially attractive to ,cutworms4 ,on small areas ! mak+ ( ! baits is done by h&1 b !y h be5 prep>$ on a l>ge scale by spray+ ! plants 9 ! field1 cutt+ !m ) a scy! or ma*9e1 & pit*+ !m f wagons 9 small bun*es :]ev] desir$4 ,di/ribut$ a few feet ap>t betwe5 r[s ( g>d5 plants at nightfall1 !y h attract$ & kill$ en\gh ,cutworms (t5 to save a l>ge proportion ( ! crop2 if ! bun*es c be cov]$ ) a %+le1 !y w keep fre%] mu* long]4 ,! fre%] ! baits1 & ! m ?or\ghly ! bait+ is done1 ! m ,cutworms "o c de/roy4 ,h[ev]1 x may sometimes happ5 t a suffici5t quantity ( su* gre5 succul5t plants _c be obta9$ e>ly en\gh 9 ! season 9 "s localities4 ,9 ?is case1 & we are n sure b 9 all cases1 ! poison$ bran ma% c be us$ to ! be/ advantage4 ,x is easily made & appli$ at any "t1 is n exp5sive1 & ?us f> ! results %[ t x is a v attractive & effective bait4 ,a tablespoonful c be quickly dropp$ ar\nd ! base ( ea* cabbage or tomato plant1 small am\nts c be easily scatt]$ along ! r[s ( onions1 turnips1 etc41 or a little dropp$ on a hill ( corn1 cucumb]s1 etc4 ,x 0 us$ on sweet potato hills 9 ,new ,j]sey la/ ye>1 & s]v$ z a complete protection1 ! ,cutworms pref]r+ ! bran4 ,x is well to apply x on ! ev5+ ( ! day ! plants are set out4 ,! be/ "t to apply ^! poison$ baits is two or ?ree days be=e any plants h come up or be5 set out 9 ! g>d54 ,if ! gr\nd has be5 prop]ly prep>$1 ! worms w h _h b little to eat = sev]al days & !y w ?us seize ! fir/ opportunity to appease _! hung] ^u ! baits1 & :olesale de/ruction w result4 ,! baits %\ld always be appli$ at ?is "t :]ev] ,cutworms are expect$4 ,b x is n too late usually to save mo/ ( a crop aft] ! pe/s h made _! pres5ce kn[n by cutt+ (f "s ( ! plants4 ,act promptly & use ! baits freely4--,m4 ,v4 ,sl+]l&4 ,illu/ration3 ,protection f cutworms ,cutworms may be kept away f plants by mak+ a coll> ( /iff pap] or t9 ab\t ! base1 z 9 ! picture2 b ?is is n practicable on a l>ge scale4 ,,cyclam54 ,a t5d] gre5h\se tub]\s plant1 sometimes se5 9 ! w9d[-g>d54 ,cyclam5s may be gr[n f se$ s[n 9 ,april or ,septemb] 9 soil conta9+ a l>ge proportion ( s& & leaf-mold4 ,if s[n 9 ,septemb]1 !y %\ld be w9t]$ 9 a coolh\se4 ,9 ,may !y %\ld be pott$ into l>g] pots & plac$ 9 a %ad$ frame1 & by ,july w h become l>ge en\gh = _! fl[]+ pot1 :i* %\ld be ei!r a #e- or #f-;in* "o4 ,!y %\ld be br\ght into ! h\se be=e dang] ( fro/1 & gr[n cool until ?r\gh fl[]+4 ,a temp]ature ( #ee deg4 suits !m :ile 9 fl[]4 ,aft] fl[]+1 !y w ne$ a re/ = a %ort "t1 b %\ld n become v dry1 or ! bulb w be injur$4 ,:5 !y />t into gr[?1 !y %\ld h ! old soil %ak5 (f & be pott$ into small] pots4 ,at no "t %\ld m ?an half ! tub] be "u ! soil4 ,tub]s l>ge en\gh to fl[] ! fir/ ye> may be obta9$ f ! se$sm5 at mod]ate prices2 & unless "o has facilities = gr[+ ! se$l+s = a ye>1 pur*ase ( ! tub]s w give ! be/ satisfaction4 ,! soil be/ suit$ to ! ,cyclam5 is "o conta9+ two p>ts leaf-mold1 #a "p ea* ( s& & loam4 ,,daffodils are a k9d ( ,n>cissus4 ,!y are h>dy1 & require ! treatm5t recomm5d$ = ,crocus4 ,!y may be naturaliz$ 9 ! grass1 b !y usually d n p]si/ long on acc\nt ( our hot1 dry summ]s4 ,daffodils h be5 mu* improv$ ( late4 ,plant 9 ! fall1 #d-f 94 deep4 ,excell5t old g>d5 plants4 ,,dahlia4 ,! ,dahlia is an old favorite :i*1 on acc\nt ( its =mal fl[]s1 has be5 9 disfavor = a few ye>s1 al?\gh x has always held a place 9 ! rural di/ricts4 ,n[1 h[ev]1 ) ! adv5t ( ! cactus & semi-cactus types 7or loose-fl[]$ =ms71 & ! improvem5t ( ! s+les1 x aga9 has tak5 a front rank among late summ] fl[]s1 com+ 9 j 9 advance ( ! ,*rysan!mum4 ,illu/ration3 ,dahlia ,! s+le v>ieties may be gr[n f se$1 b ! d\ble sorts %\ld be gr[n f cutt+s ( "y /ems or f division ( ! roots4 ,if cutt+s are to be made1 x w be necess>y to />t ! roots e>ly ei!r 9 a hotb$ or h\se4 ,:5 ! gr[? has rea*$ #d or #e in*es1 !y may be cut f ! plant & root$ 9 s&4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 to cut j bel[ ! jo9t1 z a cutt+ made betwe5 two jo9ts w n =m tub]s4 ,! mo/ rapid me?od ( propagation ( nam$ v>ieties is to gr[ f cutt+s 9 ?is way4 ,9 gr[+ ! plants f roots1 ! be/ plan is to place ! :ole root 9 g5tle heat1 cov]+ slightly4 ,:5 ! "y gr[? has />t$1 ! roots may be tak5 up1 divid$1 & plant$ out #c to #d feet ap>t4 ,?is plan w ensure a plant f ea* piece ( root1 :]eas if ! roots are divid$ :ile dormant1 !re is dang] ( n hav+ a bud at ! end ( ea* piece1 9 :i* case no gr[? w />t4 ,illu/ration3 ,dahlia ,! ,dahlia fl\ri%es be/ 9 a deep1 ri*1 moi/ soil1 al?\gh v good results c be _h on s&y soil1 provid$ plant-food & moi/ure are furni%$4 ,clay %\ld be avoid$4 ,if ! plants are to be gr[n )\t /akes1 ! c5t] ( ea* plant %\ld be p9*$ out aft] mak+ two or ?ree jo9ts4 ,by do+ ?is ! lat]al bran*es w />t ne> ! gr\nd & be /iff en\gh to )/& ! w9ds4 ,9 mo/ home g>d5s ! plants are all[$ to rea* _! full height1 & are ti$ to /akes if necess>y4 ,dahlias are v susceptible to fro/4 ,! tall k9ds rea* a height ( #e-h feet4 ,aft] ! fir/ fro/1 lift ! roots1 let !m dry 9 ! sun1 %ake (f ! dirt1 trim (f tops & brok5 p>ts1 & /ore !m 9 a cell> z y w\ld potatoes4 ,cannas may be /or$ 9 ! same place4 ,,daisy4 ,! p]5nial ,engli% ,daisy1 or ,bellis p]5nis1 is a prime favorite z an edg+ plant4 ,! *e]ful little fl[]s %[ e>ly 9 ! spr+1 & ) a little c>e bloom cont9u\sly ?r\gh a long season4 ,!y %\ld be giv5 well enri*$1 moi/ soil1 & be mul*$ ?r\gh hot wea!r4 ,! usual me?od ( propagation is by division ( ! cr[ns1 made 9 cool wea!r4 ,!y may also be gr[n f se$1 b ! *ances are t _m inf]ior fl[]s w be produc$4 ,set ! plants #c or #d in*es ap>t4 ,height #c to #e in*es4 ,! colors are :ite1 p9k & r$4 ,h>dy if mul*$ 9 w9t]1 b be/ results are obta9$ if plants are r5ew$ frequ5tly4 ,_m o!r plants are call$ ,daisy1 p>ticul>ly ! wild ,a/]s1 ! ,ox-eye ,daisy or ,:itewe$1 & ! ,p>is ,daisy 7,*rysan!mum frutesc5s74 ,,damp+ ,,(f is ! rott+ (f ( cutt+s or "y plants ne> ! surface ( ! soil4 ,x is ! "w ( fungi2 b ^! fungi are injuri\s because !y f9d conditions cong5ial to _! rapid gr[?4 ,prev5tion is wor? m ?an cure4 ,see t ! soil is wet cle> ?r\gh1 n wet on top & dry b5ea?4 ,keep x z dry z possible on ! surface4 ,avoid soggy soils4 ,on peaty soils1 spr9kle s& or coal a%es to keep ! top dry4 ,give ! plants free circulation ( air4 ,give !m abundance ( room4 ,if ,damp+ ,(f ?reat5s1 transplant4 ,,d&elion4 ,?is common we$ w\ld h>dly be recogniz$ if se5 "u cultivation 9 ! vegetable g>d54 ,! plants atta9 a l>ge size & ! leaves are mu* m t5d]4 ,! se$ may be select$ f ! be/ field-gr[+ plants1 b x is bett] to buy ! ,fr5* se$ ( ! se$sm54 ,s[ 9 spr+ 9 well manur$ soil1 ei!r 9 drills or 9 hills #a foot ap>t4 ,a cutt+ ( leaves may be _h 9 ,septemb] or ,octob]1 & "s ( ! /ools may /& until spr+4 ,! delicacy ( ! leaves may be improv$ by blan*+ !m1 ei!r by ! use ( bo>ds or e>?4 ,"o trade packet ( se$ w supply a l>ge numb] ( plants4 ,! :ole plant is de/roy$ :5 ! crop ( leaves is tak54 ,,datura4 ,,brugmansia4 ,l>ge-gr[+ annuals ) l>ge1 trumpet-%ap$ fl[]s4 ,! color+ ( "s ( ! fl[]s is v attractive1 b ! odor ( ! plant is unpleasant4 ,plants %\ld be set #d feet ap>t4 ,!y gr[ #c-d feet high1 be> l>ge leaves1 & !re=e make good l[ scre5s4 ,fro/ kills !m4 ,s[ se$ :]e plants are to gr[2 or1 bett]1 />t !m 9 ! h\se ?ree or f\r weeks be=e ! wea!r is fit = plant+ outside4 ,"s ( ! ,daturas are we$s4 ,! great sp9y se$ pods are int]e/+4 ,,delph9ium4 ,see ,l>kspur4 ,,dewb]ry4 ,! ,dewb]ry may be call$ an e>ly trail+ blackb]ry4 ,! culture ( ?is1 z ( ! blackb]ry1 is v simple2 b1 unlike ! latt]1 "s support %\ld be giv5 to ! canes1 z !y are v sl5d] & rank gr[]s4 ,a wire trellis or l>ge-me%$ f5ce-wire answ]s admirably2 or 7& ?is is ! bett] g5]al me?od7 !y may be ti$ to /akes4 ,! fruits are l>ge & %[y1 :i*1 comb9$ ) _! e>l9ess1 makes !m desirable2 b !y are usually defici5t 9 flavor4 ,! ,lucretia is ! lead+ v>iety 9 cultivation4 ,illu/ration3 ,lucretia ,dewb]ry ,lay ! canes on ! gr\nd 9 w9t]4 ,9 ! spr+ tie all ! canes f ea* plant to a /ake4 ,aft] fruit+1 cut ! old canes & burn !m 7z = blackb]ries74 ,9 ! meantime1 ! "y canes 7= next ye>'s fruit+7 are gr[+4 ,^! may be ti$ up z !y gr[1 to be out ( ! way ( ! cultivator4 ,dewb]ries are "o to two weeks e>li] ?an blackb]ries4 ,,dian?us1 or ,,p9k4 ,"u ?is head are includ$ ,*9ese ,p9ks1 ,sweet ,william1 ,picotee1 ,c>nation 7:i* see71 & ! p]5nial or ,grass ,p9ks4 ,all ( !m are g5]al favorites4 ,! ,*9ese ,p9ks 7,dian?us ,*95sis1 or ,h$dewigii7 are n[ v popul>4 ,!y are bi5nials1 b fl[] ! fir/ ye> f se$1 & are treat$ z h>dy annuals4 ,!y h a wide range ( color & m>k+s4 ,"s ( !m are z d\ble z a rose1 & are edg$1 spla%$ or l9$ ) o!r colors4 ,! s+le ones are v brilliant & are pr(use bloom]s4 ,s[ se$s :]e plants are to /&1 or if e>ly bloom is desir$1 />t 9 ! h\se4 ,set ! plants #f-aj 94 ap>t4 ,!y gr[ #h-ae 94 high4 ,!y bloom until aft] fro/4 ,( easie/ culture 9 any good soil1 & %\ld be ev5 m popul>4 ,! petals are (t5 q deeply & oddly cut4 ,! ,sweet ,william is an old-fa%ion$ p]5nial1 hav+ fl[]s ( _m comb9ations ( color1 gr[+ = sev]al ye>s :5 once plant$1 b be+ ! bett] = r5ewal e two ye>s4 ,rais+ new /ock f se$s is usually bett] ?an divid+ old plants4 ,( late ye>s1 ! ,sweet ,william has be5 mu* improv$4 ,! p]5nial g>d5 or ,grass ,p9ks are l[-gr[+1 ) highly p]fum$ fl[]s4 ,!y are v useful = p]man5t edg+s1 al?\gh ! grass is likely to run !m out unless a clean /rip is kept on ei!r side4 ,divide ! old plants :5 ! edg+ beg9s to fail2 or raise new plants f se$4 ,se$l+s usually d n bloom mu* ! fir/ ye>4 ,usually p]fectly h>dy4 ,illu/ration3 ,dibb]s ,,dibb]s are h& tools us$ = mak+ holes 9 :i* to set plants or to drop se$s4 ,!y are bett] ?an a hoe or a spade = mo/ transplant+4 ,= small plants1 z cabbages & tomatoes1 a cyl9drical ,dibb] is g5]ally us$4 7,see ! l[] "o 9 ! cut47 ,x c be made f an old spade h&le or any h>dwood /ick4 ,:5 broad holes are want$1 ! triangul> iron ,dibb] 7sold by deal]s7 is excell5t4 ,x is p>ticul>ly useful 9 h>d soils4 ,,dic5tra includes ! ,ble$+ ,he>t2 also ! native little ,dut*man's ,bree*es & ,squirrel ,corn1 & a few o!r species4 ,all are h>dy p]5nials ( ! easie/ culture1 bloom+ 9 spr+4 ,9 common ) all p]5nial h]bs1 !y are b5efit$ by a w9t] mul* ( leaves or litt]4 ,propagat$ by divid+ ! clumps4 ,,dictamnus4 ,,frax9ella or ,,gas ,,plant4 ,an old bord] plant 7p]5nial h]b7 ) :ite or pale r$ fl[]s4 ,! leaves ( ! plant emit a /rong odor :5 rubb$1 lik5$ to t ( ! lemon v]b5a4 ,x has be5 adv]tis$ z ! ,gas ,plant f ! fact t ! plant exudes an oily matt] t may be ignit$1 especially 9 w>m1 dry wea!r4 ,propagat$ by se$s1 :i* %\ld be s[n z soon z ripe4 ,! plant blooms ! ?ird ye>1 & improves ) age4 ,set plants #c feet ap>t4 ,height #b to #c feet4 ,,dill4 ,an annual aromatic h]b t w se$ itself if se$s are left to rip51 & an abundance ( plants may always be _h4 ,! culture is ( ! easie/4 ,! se$s are (t5 us$ to flavor pickles4 ,,diseases4 ,diseases ( plants may be caus$ by "s physiological di/urbance to ! plant sy/em1 or by ! incursions ( "s p>asitic organism1 z insects or fungi4 ,! "w ( insects1 h[ev]1 is ord9>ily n class$ ) plant ,diseases 7see ,insects74 ,( ,diseases :i* are caus$ by plant p>asites or by physiological di/urbances1 !re are two g5]al gr\ps3 7#a7 ,p>asitic fung\s ,diseases1 su* z ! apple-scab1 black-rot & mildew ( ! grape1 leaf-blight ( ! plum & pe>1 black-knot1 & ! l4 ,^! ,diseases are *>act]iz$ by def9ite spots1 discolorations or excresc5ces1 :i* are m or less scatt]$ ov] ! surface ( ! leaf1 fruit or bran*4 ,z a rule1 ! leaves & fruits :i* are attack$ h a t5d5cy to drop f ! tree4 ,! g5]al treatm5t = ^! ,diseases is to spray ) "s fungicidal mixture1 l ! ,bordeaux mixture or ! ammoniacal c>bonate ( copp]4 ,! treatm5t is useful 9 proportion z x is appli$ e>ly & ?or\ghly4 ,aft] ! fungus once gets into ! tissues ( ! ho/-plant1 x is difficult1 if n impossible1 to kill x4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! fungicide is ^u ! plant be=e ! fungus is1 ! p>asite may n be able to obta9 a foo?old4 ,ev5 aft] x does obta9 a foo?old1 x is probable1 h[ev]1 t ! spray w *eck its spread by prev5t+ ! developm5t ( its ext]nal p>ts4 7#b7 ,! physiological & bact]ial ,diseases1 or ^? :i* are t]m$ con/itutional tr\bles4 ,9 ^! cases !re are r>ely any def9ite spots1 z 9 ! attacks ( p>asitic fungi1 b ! entire leaf1 or ev5 ! entire plant1 or a l>ge "p ( x1 %[s a g5]al weak5+ & ,disease1 z if !re 7 "s cutt+ (f ( ! accu/om$ s\rce ( n\ri%m5t4 ,su* ,diseases are v likely to be se5 9 a g5]al yell[+ & dea? ( ! leaf1 9 ! dy+ ( ! leaf along ! ma9 ve9s & ar\nd ! edges1 %[+ t ! difficulty is "o :i* affects ! entire leaf1 & n any p>ticul> "p ( x4 ,9 g5]al1 !re is a t5d5cy = ! foliage 9 plants s attack$ to )] up & hang on ! tree = a "t4 ,! pea*-yell[s & pe> blight are ,diseases ( ?is k9d4 ,!re are no specific treatm5ts = tr\bles ( ?is sort4 ,!y mu/ be approa*$ by :at physicians call prophylaxis--t is1 by me?ods ( sanitation & prev5tion4 ,! diseas$ plants or p>ts are cut away & burn$4 ,all ^? conditions :i* seem to favor ! developm5t ( ! ,disease are remov$4 ,v>ieties :i* are p>ticul>ly susceptible are disc>d$4 ,c>eful managem5t 9 matt]s ( ?is sort is (t5 mu* m important ?an any attempt at specific treatm5t4 ,,doli*os4 ,m5tion$ "u ,hyac9? ,bean4 ,,draca5as ( ! cons]vatories 7prop]ly mo/ly ,,cordyl9es7 are sometimes us$ z h\se plants4 ,protect f direct sunlight1 keep an ev5 & fairly high temp]ature1 wat] freely :5 !y are gr[+4 ,:5 ! plants beg9 to fail1 return !m to ! flori/ = recup]ation1 :]e !y may h equable conditions4 ,!y are h&some long-leav$ foliage plants1 excell5t = j>d9i]es4 ,,dra9age s]ves two purposes3 fir/1 to c>ry sup]flu\s wat] f ! l&2 second1 to l[] ! wat]-table or h>d-pan1 & to make ! soil loose & friable above4 ,ne>ly all h>d clay l&s are mu* b5efit$ by dra9+1 ev5 ?\gh !y are n too wet4 ,! region ( free or /&+ wat] is l[]$ & air is admitt$ into ! soil1 r5d]+ x f9e & mell[4 ,= c>ry+ (f m]e surface wat]1 surface or op5 dit*es are suffici5t2 b if ! soil is to be ameliorat$1 ! dra9 mu/ be b5ea? ! surface4 ,! be/ und]dra9s are ^? :i* use holl[ or cyl9drical tiles1 b v good results may be _h by mak+ dra9s f /ones4 ,9 regions :]e !re are _m flat /ones1 a v good conduit may be laid ) !m1 b !y are likely to get out ( ord]4 ,if !re is consid]able fall to ! dit*1 ! bottom may be fill$ = ! space ( #aj in*es or a foot ) common /ones roll$ 91 & ! wat] w f9d its way betwe5 !m4 ,if ! /ones are ev5 deep] ?an ?is1 ! results w be bett]2 & su* dit*es also provide place = dispos+ ( sup]flu\s /ones4 ,! deep] ! dit* ! fur!r x w draw on ei!r side4 ,x %\ld always be deep en\gh to be protect$ f freez+1 p>ticul>ly if tiles are us$4 ,?ree feet %\ld be ! lea/ dep?1 & #c-a_/b feet is a good av]age dep?4 ,dra9s z deep z ?is ne$ n be plac$ (t5] ?an #b to #c rods ap>t1 unless1 9 g>d5 conditions1 x is desir$ to v ?or\ghly ameliorate a heavy clay soil1 9 :i* case !y may be plac$ e #bj feet4 ,! bett] ! fall ! quick] ! dra9 w act & ! m p]man5t x w be1 z x w t5d to clean itself & n fill up ) silt4 ,x is important t ! outlet be entirely free1 & x %\ld be protect$ ) /ones or mason "w4 ,! roots ( "s trees1 p>ticul>ly ( will[s & elms1 are attract$ by tile dra9s1 & (t5 fill up ! pipes4 ,:5 ! dra9 goes ne> su* trees1 !re=e1 x is well to cem5t ! jo9ts4 ,9 g5]al practice1 h[ev]1 ! jo9ts %\ld n be cem5t$1 because a l>ge "p ( ! dra9age wat] ent]s at ^? places4 ,9 lay+ ! tiles1 x is well to cov] ! jo9ts ) inv]t$ sod1 t>r$ pap]1 wisps ( /raw1 /ones or o!r mat]ial4 ,?is prev5ts ! fre% e>? f fall+ 9 betwe5 ! jo9ts1 & by ! "t ! mat]ial is decay$ ! e>? w h become s ?or\ghly set t no fur!r tr\ble w result4 ,al?\gh "u-dra9s take (f sup]flu\s wat]1 nev]!less an "u-dra9$ soil w hold m moi/ure ?an "o :i* is n dra9$1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! case ( clay l&s ) high subsoils4 ,?is is because f9e1 mall[ soils are able to hold m moi/ure ?an v loose & op5 or v d5se & compact ones4 ,a well con/ruct$ und]dra9 %\ld la/ indef9itely4 ,,dut*man',s ,,pipe4 ,see ,ari/olo*ia4 ,,e*ev]ia4 ,t5d] succul5ts l>gely us$ = c>pet b$d+ & rock g>d5s4 ,e*ev]ia secunda is sometimes call$ ,,old-,,h5-,,&-,,*ick5s1 f ! little plants t gr[ out f ! /em ( ! p>5t plant & %[ ar\nd ! edges ( ! rosette top2 b ! h>dy ,h5-&-,*ick5s ( old g>d5s is a diff]5t b closely alli$ plant 7,semp]vivum tectorum74 ,all ! species are ( easy culture & ?rive on s&y soil4 ,!y %\ld n be plant$ out until all dang] ( fro/ is ov] & ! gr\nd ?or\ghly w>m4 ,propagat$ by ! (fsets4 ,height #c in*es4 ,! "n ,e*ev]ia is n[ giv5 up by botani/s = ,cotyl$on4 ,,egg-,,plant4 ,,gu9ea ,,squa%4 ,unless "o has a gre5h\se or a v w>m hotb$1 ! gr[+ ( ,egg-plants 9 ! ,nor? %\ld be left to ! pr(essional g>d5]1 z ! "y plants are v t5d]1 & %\ld be gr[n )\t a *eck4 ,! se$ %\ld be s[n 9 ! hotb$ or gre5h\se ab\t ,april #aj1 keep+ a temp]ature ( f #fe deg4 to #gj deg4 ,:5 ! se$l+s h made ?ree r\gh leaves1 !y may be prick$ out into %all[ boxes1 or1 /ill bett]1 into #c-;in* pots4 ,! pots or boxes %\ld be plung$ to ! rim 9 soil 9 a hotb$ or coldframe s situat$ t protection may be giv5 on *illy nights4 ,! #aj? ( ,june is e>ly en\gh to plant !m out 9 c5tral ,new ,york4 ,! soil 9 :i* !y are to gr[ _c well be made too ri*1 z !y h only a %ort season 9 :i* to develop _! fruits4 ,! plants are usually set #c feet ap>t ea* way4 ,a doz5 plants are suffici5t = ! ne$s ( a l>ge family1 z ea* plant %\ld yield f two to six l>ge fruits4 ,! fruits are fit to eat at all /ages ( gr[?1 f ^? ! size ( a l>ge egg to _! l>ge/ developm5t4 ,"o ounce ( se$ w furni% #fjj to #hjj plants4 ,illu/ration3 ,new ,york ,purple ,egg-plant ,! ,new ,york ,improv$ ,purple is ! /&>d v>iety4 ,black ,pek9 is good4 ,= e>ly1 or = a %ort-season climate1 ! ,e>ly ,dw>f ,purple is excell5t4 ,,endive4 ,z a fall salad vegetable1 ?is %\ld be bett] kn[n1 x be+ f> sup]ior to lettuce at t "t & z easily gr[n4 ,= fall use1 ! se$ may be s[n f ,june to ,augu/1 & z ! plants become fit to eat ab\t ! same "t f s[+ z lettuce does1 a succession may be _h until cold wea!r4 ,! plants w ne$ protection f ! sev]e fall fro/s1 & ?is may be giv5 by c>efully lift+ ! plants & transplant+ to a frame1 :]e sa% or clo? may be us$ to cov] !m 9 freez+ wea!r4 ,! leaves1 :i* con/itute practically ! :ole plant1 are blan*$ be=e be+ us$1 ei!r by ty+ toge!r ) "s s(t mat]ial or by /&+ bo>ds on ea* side ( ! r[1 all[+ ! top ( ! bo>ds to meet ov] ! c5t] ( ! r[4 ,! r[s %\ld be #a-a_/b or #b feet ap>t1 ! plants #a foot ap>t 9 ! r[s4 ,"o ounce ( se$ w s[ #aej feet ( drill4 ,,es*s*oltzia4 ,see ,cali=nia ,poppy4 ,,eutoca4 ,h>dy e>ly-fl[]+ annuals hav+ p9k or blue fl[]s1 good = masses4 ,s[ se$ e>ly :]e want$4 ,height #a foot4 ,eutocas are prop]ly class$ ) ,phacelias4 ,,ev]gre5s4 ,ev]gre5s are plants :i* hold _! foliage 9 w9t]4 ,ord9>ily1 h[ev]1 9 ?is c\ntry ! ^w ,ev]gre5 is und]/ood to mean conif]\s trees ) p]si/5t leaves1 z p9es1 spruces1 firs1 c$>s1 junip]s1 arborvitae1 ret9osporas1 & ! l4 ,^! trees h always be5 favorites ) plant lov]s1 z !y h v di/9ctive =ms & o!r *>act]i/ics4 ,_m ( !m are ( ! easie/ culture4 ,x is a common notion t1 s9ce spruces & o!r conif]s gr[ s symmetrically1 !y w n /& prun+2 b ?is is an error4 ,!y may be prun$ ) z good effect z o!r trees1 & if !y t5d to gr[ too tall ! lead] may be cut out )\t fe>4 ,a new lead] w arise1 b 9 ! meantime ! upw>d gr[? ( ! tree w be some:at *eck$1 & ! effect w be to make ! tree d5se4 ,! tips ( ! bran*es may also be head$ 9 ) ! same effect4 ,! beauty ( an ,ev]gre5 lies 9 its natural =m2 !re=e1 x %\ld n be %e>$ into unusual %apes1 b a g5tle trimm+ back1 z sugge/$1 w t5d to prev5t ! ,norway spruce & o!rs f gr[+ op5 & ragg$4 ,aft] ! tree atta9s "s age1 #d or #e in*es may be tak5 (f ! ends ( ! ma9 bran*es e ye> or two ) good results4 ,?is slight trimm+ is ord9>ily done ) ,wat]s' long-h&l$ prun+ %e>s4 ,!re is mu* diff]5ce ( op9ion z to ! prop] "t = ! transplant+ ( ,ev]gre5s1 :i* means t !re is m ?an "o season 9 :i* !y may be mov$4 ,x is ord9>ily unsafe to transplant !m 9 ! fall 9 nor!rn climates or bleak situations1 s9ce ! evaporation f ! foliage dur+ ! w9t] is likely to injure ! plant4 ,! be/ results are usually secur$ :5 !y are transplant$ j z new gr[? is beg9n+1 r late 9 ! spr+4 ,"s p also plant !m 9 ,augu/1 & ! roots secure a hold ( ! soil be=e w9t]4 ,9 transplant+ conif]s1 x is v important t ! roots be n expos$ to ! sun4 ,!y %\ld be moi/5$ & cov]$ ) burlaps or o!r mat]ial4 ,! holes %\ld be ready to receive !m4 ,if ! trees are l>ge1 or if x has be5 necess>y to trim 9 ! roots1 ! top %\ld be cut :5 ! tree is set4 ,l>ge ,ev]gre5s 7^? #aj feet & m high7 are usually be/ transplant$ late 9 w9t]1 at a "t :5 a l>ge ball ( e>? may be mov$ ) !m4 ,a tr5* is dug ar\nd ! tree1 x be+ deep5$ a little day by day s t ! fro/ c "w into ! e>? & hold x 9 %ape4 ,:5 ! ball is ?or\ghly froz51 x is hoi/$ onto a /one-boat & mov$ to its new position4 ,= l[ h$ges or scre5s1 "o ( ! mo/ s]viceable ,ev]gre5s is ! arborvitae 9 its v>i\s =ms4 ,r$ c$>s are also useful4 ,p]haps ! h&some/ ( all ( !m = su* purposes is ! ord9>y hemlock spruce2 b x is usually difficult to move4 ,transplant$ trees f nurs]ies are usually safe/4 ,if ! trees are tak5 f ! wild1 !y %\ld be select$ f op5 & sunny places4 ,= neat & compact effects ne> por*es & along walks1 ! dw>f ret9osporas are v useful4 ,mo/ ( ! p9es & spruces are too co>se = plant+ v close to ! h\se4 ,!y are bett] at "s di/ance remov$1 :]e !y s]ve z a backgr\nd to o!r plant+4 ,if !y are want$ = individual specim5s1 !y %\ld be giv5 pl5ty ( room1 s t ! limbs w n be cr[d$ & ! tree become mis%ap54 ,:atev] else is done to ! spruces & firs1 ! l[] limbs %\ld n be trimm$ up1 at lea/ n until ! tree has become s old t ! l[e/ bran*es die4 ,"s species hold _! bran*es mu* long] ?an o!rs4 ,! ori5tal spruce 7,picea ori5talis7 is "o ( ! be/ 9 ?is respect4 ,! occasional slight head+-91 :i* we h m5tion$1 w t5d to pres]ve ! l[] limbs1 & x w n be m>k$ en\gh to alt] ! =m ( ! tree4 ,,ev]la/+s are fl[]s :i* reta9 _! %ape & usually _! color :5 !y are dri$4 ,mo/ ( !m are memb]s ( ! composite family4 ,9 ord] to h !m hold %ape & color1 cut !m ) v long /ems j be=e !y are fully exp&$1 & hang !m 9 an airy place away f ! sun4 ,!y are all annuals1 or gr[n z su*1 & are ( v easy culture4 ,s[ se$s :]e ! plants are to /&4 ,good k9ds are ,ammobium1 ,gomphr5a or ,ba*elor's ,buttons1 ,rhodan!1 ,heli*rysum1 ,x]an!mum1 & ,acrocl9ium4 ,c]ta9 wild composites may be simil>ly us$1 p>ticul>ly ,anaphalis & species ( ,gnaphalium4 ,"s ( ! grasses make excell5t additions to dry b\quets 7see ,grass74 ,) ^! dry b\quets1 v>i\s se$ pods look well4 ,,f5zlia4 ,little h>dy annuals1 hav+ a pr(usion ( bloom ?r\gh ! entire summ]4 ,! fl[]s are a delicate p9k1 ) yell[ ?roat surr\nd$ by d>k spots4 ,a *>m+ edg+ plant or w9d[ box subject4 ,s[ ! se$ 9 boxes or :]e plants are want$1 & ?9 to ! di/ance ( #aj in*es4 ,height #c to #d in*es4 ,n[ class$ ) ,gilia4 ,,f]ns4 ,probably ! "o ,f]n gr[n mo/ ext5sively z a h\se plant is ! small-leav$ ,maid5hair ,f]n 7or ,adiantum gracillimum74 ,?is & o!r species are among ! f9e/ ( h\se plants1 :5 suffici5t moi/ure c be giv54 ,!y make f9e specim5s1 z well z s]v+ ! purpose ( gre5]y = cut-fl[]s4 ,o!r species (t5 gr[n = h\se plants are ,a4 cuneatum & ,a4 ,capillus-,v5]is4 ,all ^! d well 9 a mixture ( fibr\s sod1 loam1 & s&1 ) ample dra9age mat]ial4 ,!y may be divid$ if an increase is want$4 ,o!r ,f]ns = h\se culture include ,nephrolepis exaltata4 ,?is is no d\bt ! mo/ easily gr[n ( ! li/1 fl\ri%+ 9 a sitt+-room4 ,! new v>iety ( ,n4 exaltata1 call$ ! ,bo/on ,f]n 7see figure71 is a decid$ addition to ?is family1 hav+ a droop+ habit1 cov]+ ! pot & mak+ a f9e /& or bracket plant4 ,illu/ration3 ,bo/on ,f]n ,sev]al species ( ,pt]is1 p>ticul>ly ,p4 s]rulata1 are valuable h\se ,f]ns1 b require a w>m] situation ?an ^? m5tion$ above4 ,!y w also ?rive bett] 9 a %ady or ill-light$ corn]4 ,p]fect dra9age & c>e 9 wat]+ h m to d ) ! successful gr[+ ( ,f]ns ?an any special mixture ( soils4 ,if ! dra9age mat]ial 9 ! bottom ( ! pot or box is suffici5t1 !re is little dang] ( ov]-wat]+2 b wat]-logg$ soil is always to be avoid$4 ,d n use clay soils4 ,f]ns ne$ protection f ! direct sun%9e1 & also a moi/ atmosph]e4 ,!y ?rive well 9 a close glass box1 or w9d[-g>d51 if ! conditions c be kept equable4 ,! native ,f]ns transplant easily to ! g>d51 & !y make an attractive addition to ! side ( a h\se1 or z an admixture 9 a h>dy bord]4 ,! ,o/ri* & ,c9namon ,f]ns are ! be/ subjects4 ,give all outdoor ,f]ns a place :i* is protect$ f w9ds1 o!rwise !y w %rivel & p]haps die4 ,scre5 !m f ! hot sun1 or give !m ! %ady side ( ! build+4 ,see t ! soil is uni=mly moi/1 & t x does n get too hot4 ,mul* ) leaf-mold 9 ! fall4 ,,f]tiliz]s4 ,soil is productive :5 x has good physical texture1 plant-food1 & a suffici5t supply ( moi/ure4 ,ev5 ?\gh x has an abundance ( plant-food1 if its texture is n good1 x w n raise a good crop4 ,soil has good texture :5 x is op51 mell[1 friable1 r ?an loose & lea*y1 or h>d & cloddy4 ,comm]cial ,f]tiliz]s add plant-food1 b usually !y h only a small influ5ce 9 correct+ faulty texture4 ,!re=e1 be=e conc5trat$ ,f]tiliz]s are appli$ to l&1 x %\ld be gott5 into good physical condition by judici\s tillage & by ! incorporation ( vegetable mold or humus4 ,! lead+ s\rce ( humus 9 mo/ g>d5s is /able manure4 ,see ,manure4 ,! plant-food 9 comm]cial ,f]tiliz]s is l>gely 9 a soluble or quickly available condition4 ,!re=e1 a little ,f]tiliz] appli$ late 9 ! fall or e>ly 9 ! spr+ w t5d to />t ! plants (f quickly 9 ! spr+ & to cause !m to become e/abli%$ be=e ! try+ wea!r ( summ]4 ,= g>d5 purposes1 x is usually advisable to buy "o ( ! s-call$ complete ,f]tiliz]s2 t is1 "o :i* conta9s nitrog51 pota% & phosphoric acid4 ,if a luxuriant gr[? ( /alk & foliage is want$ r ?an fl[]s or fruit1 an application ( nitrog5 alone is usually advisable4 ,! mo/ readily available nitrog5 9 comm]cial =m is t :i* is af=d$ by nitrate ( soda & sulfate ( ammonia4 ,9 g>d5 practice ?is may be appli$ at ! rate ( #cjj to #djj p\nds an acre1 al?\gh ?is quantity is m ?an is pr(itable to use 9 mo/ g5]al field or agricultural conditions4 ,if x is desir$ to h /\t1 /ocky plants1 ) e>ly & pr(use bloom1 x is ord9>ily advisable to use some:at sp>+ly ( nitrog5 & to use a little m heavily ( pota% & phosphoric acid4 ,?is is especially true ( ! legum9\s plants1 :i* h ! p[] ( appropriat+ atmosph]ic nitrog51 & among su* plants are sweet peas4 ,heavy f]tiliz+ ( sweet pea l& ) /rong /able manure t5ds to make ! v9es gr[ too tall & to be> comp>atively few fl[]s4 ,= dress+ ( lawns1 a ,f]tiliz] :i* is comp>atively ri* 9 nitrog5 is usually to be advis$4 ,an important value ( comm]cial ,f]tiliz]s is to use !m to />t (f ! plants quickly 9 ! spr+4 ,! food is available & acts at once4 ,:5 us$ = ?is purpose1 ! ,f]tiliz] may be appli$ 9 ! hill2 b :5 x is desir$ = ! enri*+ ( ! l& & = ! support ( ! crop ?r\gh\t ! season1 x %\ld be appli$ to ! entire surface4 ,always avoid putt+ ! ,f]tiliz] on ! cr[n ( ! plant1 or directly 9 contact ) x4 ,x is usually bett] to "w ! ,f]tiliz] 9 lightly4 ,= mo/ g>d5 op]ations1 x is bett] to apply 9 spr+4 ,,fev]few4 ,see ,pyre?rum4 ,,fig4 ,! ,fig is little gr[n 9 ! ,ea/ except z a curiosity1 b on ! ,pacific coa/ x has ga9$ m or less prom95ce z an or*>d fruit4 ,! trees are usually plant$ at di/ances ( ab\t #ah to #be feet ap>t4 ,figs w /& consid]able fro/1 & se$l+ or inf]ior v>ieties gr[ out ( doors )\t protection z f> nor? z ,virg9ia4 ,_m ( ! v>ieties fruit on "y spr\ts1 &1 inasmu* z ! roots w /& consid]able cold1 ^! v>ieties w (t5 give a few ,figs 9 ! nor!rn /ates4 ,figs h be5 fruit$ 9 ! op5 gr\nd 9 ,mi*igan4 ,9 all fro/y c\ntries1 h[ev]1 ! ,fig %\ld be laid d[n dur+ ! w9t] "t4 ,! foll[+ notes f ,pr(essor ,massey1 ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 indicate h[ ?is may be done3 ,! light ho>-fro/s t h occurr$ "h affect$ vegetation only on l[ gr\nds1 & today 7,novemb] #e7 our g>d5s on high gr\nd %[ no signs ( fro/4 ,lima beans & tomato v9es are z gre5 z 9 summ] "t1 & ?is morn+ we ga!r$ ripe ,figs f our trees 9 ! g>d5--! late/ ,i h ev] kn[n ,figs to rip54 ,z ! e>ly crop ( ,figs rip5s 9 ,july 7if x escapes ! w9t] fro/s1 = ! fruit is n[ set on ! trees71 & ! late crop beg9s 9 ,augu/ & cont9ues to rip5 9 succession till fro/1 x is easy to see :at a desirable fruit ! ,fig is4 ,9 ?is section x is easy to h a great abundance ( ,figs1 & x is possible almo/ any:]e 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates to h bo? e>ly & late crops 9 abundance by tak+ a little tr\ble to protect ! trees 9 w9t]4 ,ye>s ago ! writ] grew ,figs 9 abundance 9 a v cold locality 9 nor!rn ,m>yl&1 & nev] fail$ to get a good crop4 ,:]e ! w9t] temp]ature seldom drops l[] ?an #ah deg4 or #bj deg4 above z]o1 ,figs w ne$ no special protection if %elt]$ f cold w9ds4 ,9 cold] climates !y %\ld be bran*$ f ! gr\nd1 &1 aft] ! leaves h fall51 be b5t to ! gr\nd 9 f\r bundles & cov]$ ) e>?1 mak+ a %>p m\nd ov] ! c5t] & slop+ (f l a f\r-po9t$ /> or cross1 z %[n 9 ! cuts1 tak5 f ,bullet9 #gd ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a ,exp]im5t ,/ation4 ,illu/ration3 ,bran*es ( ,fig tree pegg$ d[n ,illu/ration3 ,fig bran*es cov]$ ) e>? ,,fl[] ,,b$s4 ,two classes ( subjects are to be consid]$ 9 ! discussion ( ,fl[] ,b$s3 ^? conc]n$ ) ! location ( ! b$2 ^? conc]n$ ) ! actual mak+ ( ! b$ itself4 ,mo/ p]sons d n consid] ! =m] subject4 ,if "o wants a fl[] g>d5 9 :i* !re is to be a collection ( plants gr[n = ! plants' sake1 ! g>d5 %\ld be plac$ at ! re> or "o side1 & may be laid out 9 regul> fa%ion l a vegetable g>d54 ,if ! fl[]s are to be a "p ( ! home picture1--t is1 a "p ( ! place itself1--!n !y may be freely di/ribut$ among/ ! bord] plant+1 or z edg+s along gr\ps ( %rubb]y4 ,x is r>ely1 if ev]1 all[able to place =mal b$s 9 ! lawn 9 home gr\nds4 ,! place = c>pet-b$d+ is usually 9 p>ks or o!r public areas1 9 sections :i* are set aside & devot$ to t p>ticul> purpose1 ! same z ano!r section may be devot$ to a zoological g>d51 play-gr\nd or to o!r specific use4 ,fl[]s :i* are gr[n 9 ! middle ( ! lawn h little relation to o!r plant+1 & !y h no backgr\nd to %[ !m (f to good advantage4 ,x is also difficult to gr[ !m 9 small b$s 9 ! grass1 s9ce !y are expos$ to sun & w9d1 & ! grass roots absorb ! food & moi/ure4 ,9 ! =mal b$1 e ef=t mu/ be made to keep x prim1 o!rwise x becomes displeas+2 :]eas1 if ! fl[]s are plant$ m or less promiscu\sly 9 l>ge1 irregul> bord]s1 or along ! edge ( %rubb]y1 ! failure ( "o or ev5 ( a doz5 plants is n a s]i\s matt]4 ,! gr[+ ( plants 9 =mal designs requires s mu* c>e & att5tion t a l>ge "p ( ! fun ( plant-gr[+ is lo/4 ,su* plant-gr[+ %\ld ord9>ily be left to ^? :o make a bus9ess ( x4 ,9 mak+ a ,fl[] ,b$1 see t ! gr\nd is well dra9$2 t ! subsoil is deep2 t ! l& is 9 a mell[ & friable condition1 & t x is ri*4 ,ea* fall x may h a mul* ( rott$ manure or ( leaf-mold1 :i* may be spad$ "u deeply 9 ! spr+2 or ! l& may be spad$ & left r\gh 9 ! fall1 :i* is a good practice :5 ! soil has mu* clay4 ,make ! ,fl[] ,b$s z broad z possible1 s t ! roots ( ! grass runn+ 9 f ei!r side w n meet b5ea? ! fl[]s & rob !m ( food & moi/ure4 ,x is well to add a little comm]cial f]tiliz] ea* fall or spr+4 ,,fl[]+ ,,maple4 ,see ,abutilon4 ,,=get-,,me-,,n4 ,?is old favorite gr[s s easily1 looks s *e]ful1 & ) a little c>e w bloom s long1 t x %\ld h a place 9 e collection ( fl[]+ plants4 ,x is p]5nial1 b ! be/ results may be _h by divid+ ! roots z (t5 z e o!r ye>2 or se$l+s may be tak5 up f ar\nd ! old plants4 ,!y require a moi/ soil1 ) %ade a "p ( ! day4 ,!y w ?rive exce$+ly if gr[n 9 a frame l pansies4 ,easily gr[n f se$s1 usually bloom+ ! fir/ fall4 ,excell5t = l[ edg+s4 ,height #f in*es4 ,,f\r-,o',,clock4 ,,mirabilis4 ,t5d] annual1 a plant ( old-fa%ion$ g>d5s1 & always int]e/+4 ,gr[s #b to #c feet high4 ,drop se$s :]e ! plants are to /&1 ?9n+ !m to #ab to #ah in*es ap>t4 ,! colors are :ite & p9k4 ,!re are v>iegat$-leav$ =ms2 also dw>fs4 ,excell5t = ! back r[ 9 a b$ ( annuals4 ,illu/ration3 ,foxglove ,,foxglove1 or ,,digitalis4 ,foxgloves make mo/ effective bord] plants1 ei!r z a backgr\nd or plant$ among o!r ?+s4 ,! tall fl[]-spikes are cov]$ dur+ ! bloom+ p]iod ) funnel-%ap$ droop+ fl[]s 9 v>i\s colors & ) f9e m>k+s4 ,"s ( ! new] v>ieties h fl[]s t rival ! ,glox9ias 9 %ad+s & m>k+s4 ,! plants are p]fectly h>dy1 gr[+ 9 "o situation = a numb] ( ye>s2 b1 z ) _m o!r p]5nials1 !y are all ! bett] = be+ divid$ at int]vals4 ,!y may be gr[n readily f se$4 ,s[ 9 boxes "u glass or 9 ! bord] :]e want$4 ,!y bloom ! second ye>4 ,a ri*1 deep soil & p>tial %ade suit _! requirem5ts4 ,p]iod ( bloom1 ,july & ,augu/4 ,height #b to #d feet4 ,,frame4 ,see ,hotb$ & ,coldframe4 ,,freesia4 ,"o ( ! be/ & mo/ easily h&l$ w9t]-fl[]+ bulbs4 ,! :ite or yell[i% bell-%ap$ fl[]s are produc$ on sl5d] /alks j above ! foliage1 to ! numb] ( six to eight 9 a clu/]4 ,!y are v fragrant1 & la/ = a consid]able "t :5 pick$4 ,! bulbs are small1 & look z ?\gh !y c\ld n produce a gr[? ( foliage & fl[]s1 b ev5 ! smalle/ mature bulb w prove satisfactory4 ,sev]al bulbs %\ld be plant$ toge!r 9 a pot1 box or pan1 9 ,octob]1 if want$ = ! holidays1 or lat] if want$ at ,ea/]4 ,! plants bloom f t5 to twelve weeks f plant+1 "u ord9>y c>e4 ,no special treatm5t is requir$2 keep ! plants cool & moi/ ?r\gh ! gr[+ season4 ,! soil %\ld conta9 a little s& mix$ ) fibr\s loam1 & ! pot %\ld be well dra9$4 ,aft] fl[]+1 gradually )hold wat] & ! tops w die d[n1 aft] :i* ! roots may be %ak5 out & re/$ until "t to plant 9 fall4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 to keep !m p]fectly dry4 ,! bulbs increase rapidly f (fsets4 ,plants may also be gr[n f se$1 :i* %\ld be s[n z soon z ripe1 giv+ bloom+ plants ! second or ?ird ye>4 ,height #ab or #ae in*es4 ,easy to bloom 9 ! w9d[4 ,! :ite =m 7,freesia refracta alba7 is ! be/4 ,see ,bulbs4 ,,fritill>ia1 or ,,fritill>y4 ,bulb\s plants1 ! common] species h>dy4 ,only ! ,cr[n ,imp]ial is well kn[n 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,?is is an old-fa%ion$ plant1 :i* takes c>e ( itself :5 once plant$4 ,! o!r h>dy ,fritill>ias are treat$ l tulips4 ,,fro/4 ,! light fro/s ( late spr+ & ( e>ly fall may be prev5t$ by any means :i* w keep ! air 9 motion1 or :i* w fill ! air ) moi/ure or cl\d-l vapor1 s t !re is less radiation f ! gr\nd4 ,:5 fro/ is expect$1 x is well to wat] ! plants & ! gr\nd ?or\ghly4 ,?is w ord9>ily protect !m f two or ?ree degrees ( /ill fro/4 ,! wat] %\ld be appli$ j at nightfall4 ,on l>g] areas1 x is (t5 practicable to make a smudge4 ,9 ord] to be effective1 ! smudge mu/ be r d5se & lie ov] ! :ole area1 & x %\ld be kept up until ! dang] f fro/ is pa/4 ,mat]ial :i* burns v sl[ly & ) mu* smoke is pref]able4 ,moi/ manure or /raw or o!r litt] is useful4 ,mat]ials :i* are dry en\gh to blaze are ( little use4 ,ord9>ily1 fro/ comes t[>ds morn+4 ,x is well to h ! piles ( rubbi% ready at nightfall & h !m light$ t[>d ! latt] "p ( ! night1 :5 ! fro/ is expect$4 ,! smudge %\ld be kept up until sunrise4 ,x is well to h ^! piles ( smudge mat]ial on all sides ( ! area2 or if ! area is on a slope1 x may be suffici5t to h !m on ! upp] side1 = !re is usually a movem5t ( air d[n ! hillside & ! area w !reby be cov]$ ) ! smudge4 ,= a ?or\gh protection1 x is be/ to h _m small piles r ?an a few l>ge ones4 ,if ! piles are plac$ e t5 feet ar\nd ! areas1 bett] results are to be expect$4 ,!re are especially prep>$ t>-l mat]ials = use 9 smudg+ plantations1 b !y are little us$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 al?\gh "s ( !m are excell5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,fu*sia ,,fu*sia4 ,well-kn[n w9d[ or gre5h\se %rub4 ,x is readily gr[n f cutt+s4 ,s(t1 gre5 wood %\ld be us$ = cutt+s1 & x w root 9 ab\t ?ree weeks1 :5 ! cutt+s %\ld be pott$4 ,take c>e n to h !m pot-b\nd :ile 9 gr[?1 b d n ov]-pot :5 bloom is want$4 ,giv5 w>m? & good soil1 !y w make f9e plants 9 ?ree mon?s or less4 ,9 well protect$1 p>tially %ady places !y may be plant$ out1 gr[+ into m9iature bu%es by fall4 ,plants may be kept on f ye> to ye>2 & if ! bran*es are well cut back aft] bloom+1 abundant new bloom w come4 ,b x is usually be/ to make new plants ea* ye> f cutt+s1 s9ce "y plants usually bloom mo/ pr(usely & dem& less c>e4 ,fu*sias are among/ ! be/ ( w9d[ subjects4 ,,fumigation is m5tion$ "u ,insects4 ,,fungi4 ,fl[]less1 leafless plants1 liv+ mo/ly on food 7ei!r liv+ or dead7 :i* has be5 prep>$ by o!r plants or by animals1 ,molds1 mu%rooms & puff-balls are famili> examples4 ,"s ( ! p>asitic k9ds cause great damage to ! plants or animals on :i* !y live4 ,examples ( ^! injuri\s p>asitic k9ds are apple-scab fungus1 potato mildew1 grape mildew1 corn smut fungus1 & ! l4 ,mo/ ( ^! are combat$ by spray+ ) mat]ials conta9+ copp] or sulfur4 ,,funkia1 or ,,day ,,lily4 ,h>dy p]5nial h]bs1 gr[+ 9 d5se clumps & be>+ attractive foliage4 ,!y are ( ! easie/ culture4 ,f4 subcordata1 ! :ite-fl[]$ species1 is commone/4 ,( blue-fl[]$ =ms !re are sev]al1 ( :i* ,f4 ovata 7or ,f4 ca]ulca7 is p]haps ! be/4 ,funkias are excell5t = bord]s1 or z a =mal edg+ to long walks or drives4 ,!re are v>iegat$ =ms4 ,funkias gr[ #ab to #bd in*es high1 & ! fl[] clu/]s /& /ill high]4 ,propagat$ by divid+ ! roots4 ,day ,lily is a "n appli$ also to species ( ,hem]ocallis1 :i* are yell[-fl[]$ lilies4 ,,gaill>dias are plants t %\ld h a place 9 e g>d51 ei!r z bord] plants or = cutt+4 ,! fl[]s are v %[y & la/+ 9 b\quets1 z well z on ! plants4 ,! d\ble =m has p]fect balls ( color4 ,gaill>dias are bo? annual & p]5nial4 ,! p]5nials usually h fl[]s mu* l>g] ?an ! annuals2 & !y bloom ! fir/ ye> if se$ is />t$ e>ly4 ,^! are also propagat$ by se$ or cutt+s4 ,if f se$1 x %\ld be s[n "u glass 9 ,febru>y or ,m>*1 sett+ out ! "y plants :]e want$ :5 dang] ( fro/ is ov]4 ,! cutt+s may be made ( ! new gr[? 9 ! fall & w9t]$ ov] 9 ! h\se4 ,set #b feet ap>t4 ,height #b feet1 bloom+ f ,july until h>d fro/s4 ,! p]5nials are usually orange4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaill>dia picta ,! annual k9d 7,gaill>dia picta ( flori/s7 is probably ! be/ k9d = ! home g>d54 ,x is ( ! easie/ culture4 ,h>dy4 ,two feet4 ,s[ se$s :]e plants are to bloom4 ,! colors ( ! fl[]s are 9 ri* %ades ( yell[ & r$4 ,,galan?us4 ,see ,sn[drop4 ,,g>lic4 ,an onion-l plant1 ! bulbs ( :i* are us$ = flavor+4 ,little kn[n 9 ?is c\ntry except among/ ^? ( =eign bir?4 ,x is multipli$ ! same z multipli] onions--! bulb is brok5 ap>t & ea* bulbule or clove makes a new comp\nd bulb 9 a few weeks4 ,h>dy2 plant 9 e>ly spr+1 or 9 ! ,s\? 9 ! fall4 ,plant #b to #c in*es ap>t 9 ! r[4 ,,gas ,,plant is ,dictamnus4 ,,g]anium4 ,:at are g5]ally kn[n z ,g]aniums are1 /rictly speak+1 ,pel>goniums1 :i* see4 ,! true ,g]aniums are mo/ly h>dy plants1 & !re=e %\ld n be conf\nd$ ) ! t5d] ,pel>goniums4 ,g]aniums are wor?y a place 9 a bord]4 ,!y are h>dy p]5nials1 & may be transplant$ e>ly 9 ! spr+1 sett+ !m #b feet ap>t4 ,height #aj to #ab in*es4 ,! common wild ,cranesbill 7,g]anium maculatum7 improves "u cultivation1 & is an attractive plant :5 x /&s 9 front ( tall] foliage4 ,,gilia4 ,l[-gr[+ h>dy annuals1 good = front bord]s or rockwork1 gr[+ f se$ v quickly & cont9u+ 9 fl[] a long season4 ,!y w d well 9 light soil4 ,s[ se$ 9 ! fall or e>ly spr+ :]e plants are want$4 ,gilia tricolor1 blue1 :ite & yell[1 is ! be/1 b !re are excell5t :ite & r$ sorts4 ,,gladiolus4 ,a popul> summ]-fl[]+ bulb\s plant1 ?riv+ be/ 9 moi/1 s&y loam1 t has _h an application ( well rott$ manure ! previ\s ye>4 ,no manure %\ld be us$ ! ye> ( plant+1 z x has a t5d5cy to rot ! bulbs4 ,plant+s may be made f ! "t ! gr\nd is 9 condition to "w 9 ! spr+ until late 9 ,june4 ,9 plant+1 ! bulbs %\ld be set #c in*es deep & #h to #aj in*es ap>t1 unless !y are to be gr[n 9 gr\ps1 :5 !y may be plant$ five or six 9 ! space ( #a foot4 ,/akes %\ld be furni%$ ea* plant to support ! fl[]-spike4 ,:5 9 gr\ps1 "o /ake may be us$1 sett+ x 9 ! middle ( ! circle4 ,gladioli are increas$ by bulblets =m$ ar\nd ! old bulbs 7or corms71 or !y may be gr[n f se$4 ,! bulblets %\ld be plant$ 9 drills 9 ,april or ,may1 & w gr[ to fl[]+ size 9 "o or two ye>s4 ,9 ! same way1 se$ s[n e>ly 9 drills1 gr[n ?r\gh ! summ]1 ! little bulbs tak5 up & /or$ ?r\gh ! w9t] & aga9 plant$ out1 w (t5 make bulbs l>ge en\gh to fl[] ! second ye>4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 to lift all bulbs be=e freez+ wea!r1 z mo/ v>ieties are t5d]4 ,!y %\ld be h>ve/$ ) ! tops on1 & laid away 9 a cool1 dry place to rip54 ,! tops are !n cut (f & ! bulbs /or$ 9 a dry place 7fit = potatoes1 b dri]7 until want$ ! foll[+ spr+4 ,see ,bulbs4 ,,glaucium1 or ,,horn$ ,,poppy4 ,! k9d mo/ cultivat$ 7,g4 luteum7 has bright yell[ fl[]s 9 ,july & ,septemb]4 ,! fl[]s1 contra/+ ) ! deep cut glauc\s leaves1 make a f9e effect 9 ! mix$ or ribbon bord]4 ,se$ may be s[n 9 ! op5 gr\nd :]e want$4 ,?9 to #ab in*es ap>t4 ,height #ab to #bj in*es4 ,p]5nial2 b treat$ z a h>dy annual4 ,,glox9ia4 ,*oice gre5h\se tub]\s-root$ p]5nials1 sometimes se5 9 w9d[ g>d5s1 b really n adapt$ to !m4 ,glox9ias mu/ h a uni=m moi/ & w>m atmosph]e & protection f ! sun4 ,!y w n /& abuse or v>y+ conditions4 ,propagat$ (t5 by leaf-cutt+s1 :i* %\ld give fl[]+ plants 9 "o ye>4 ,f ! leaf1 ins]t$ half its l5g? 9 ! soil 7or sometimes only ! petiole ins]t$7 a tub] arises4 ,?is tub]1 aft] re/+ until midw9t] or lat]1 is plant$ & fl[]+ plants soon arise4 ,glox9ias also gr[ readily f se$s1 :i* may be g]m9at$ 9 a temp]ature ( ab\t #gj deg4 ,fl[]+ plants may be _h 9 a ye> if se$s are s[n 9 late w9t] or e>ly spr+4 ,?is is ! usual me?od4 ,soil %\ld be por\s & ri*4 ,,godetia4 ,v free-bloom+ annuals 9 f9e colors1 h>moniz+ well ) ! ,cali=nia poppy4 ,_m ( ! v>ieties are beautifully blot*$ ) contra/+ colors4 ,!y are v satisfactory plants = solid b$s or bord] l9es1 bloom+ f ,june to ,octob]4 ,se$ may be s[n 9 heat1 & se$l+s plant$ 9 op5 gr\nd at a di/ance ( #ah in*es ap>t :5 dang] ( fro/ is ov]4 ,a r poor soil w cause !m to bloom bett] ?an "o v ri*1 z !y are incl9$ to make a rank gr[?4 ,height #a to #b feet4 ,,gold5 ,,fea!r4 ,see ,pyre?rum4 ,,gold5rod 7,solidago ( _m species74 ,! ,gold5rod ( ! wayside is s famili> t ! ?\ght ( br++ x into ! g>d5 is di/a/eful to _m p]sons4 ,b if giv5 a suitable place 9 a well enri*$ bord]1 no plant has great] possibilities4 ,a l>ge clump aga9/ a h$ge ( gre51 or mass$ beh9d a well gr[n plant ( ! blue-fl[]+ wild a/]s1 makes a /rik+ contra/4 ,!y bloom late 9 ! season1 & ! ri* yell[ & gold5 colors & ! graceful =ms are always pleas+4 ,illu/ration3 ,gold5rod ,gold5rods w gr[ m vigor\sly & ! blooms be l>g] if ! roots are divid$ e ?ird or f\r? ye>4 ,!re are sev]al species catalogu$ by nurs]ym51 & "s ( ! /ock is sup]ior to ! wild type1 ei!r hav+ a l>g] truss ( fl[]s or bloom+ lat]4 ,gold5rods range 9 height f #b to #f feet4 ,all are easily propagat$ by division4 ,transplant 9 ! fall1 if conv5i5t1 al?\gh spr+ plant+ may be equally successful4 ,,gomphr5a4 ,,ba*elor',s ,,button4 ,,globe ,,am>an?4 ,a useful ev]la/+ = w9t] b\quets4 ,se$ may be s[n 9 heat 9 ,m>*1 ! plants transplant$ once be=e sett+ out to cause !m to gr[ /ocky & bran*+2 or se$ may be s[n 9 a w>m place :]e ! plants are to gr[4 ,! fl[]s1 to reta9 _! colors1 %\ld be cut be=e fully exp&$ & dri$ 9 a d>k1 airy place4 ,see ,ev]la/+s4 ,set ! plants #ah in*es ap>t4 ,height #ab in*es4 ,! heads resemble clov] heads4 ,! t]m ,ba*elor's ,button is also giv5 to ! cornfl[] 7,c5taurea ,cyanus74 ,,gooseb]ry4 ,s9ce ! adv5t ( ! practice ( spray+ ) fungicides to prev5t mildew1 ! culture ( ! ,gooseb]ry has increas$4 ,!re is n[ no reason :y1 ) a little c>e1 good crops ( _m ( ! be/ ,engli% v>ieties may n be gr[n4 ,! price = good fruits ( ,gooseb]ry is usually remun]ative1 z ! m>ket is r>ely ov]/ock$ by ! sudd5 rip5+ ( ! crop1 s9ce ! fruits rip5 ?r\gh a long season4 ,a l>ge "p ( ! crop is pick$ gre5 = cul9>y purposes4 ,! lead+ m>ket v>iety is ,d[n+1 a native sort1 :i* is little subject to mildew4 ,sev]al ( ! ,engli% v>ieties h prov$ ( value1 hav+ l>g] fruits ?an ! natives4 ,:itesmi?1 ,*autauqua1 ,triumph & ,indu/ry are among ! be/4 ,illu/ration3 ,gooseb]ries ,! propagation ( ! ,gooseb]ry is simil> to t ( ! currant1 al?\gh ! practice ( e>?+ up a :ole plant1 caus+ e bran* ?us cov]$ to ?r[ out roots1 is common ) ! ,european v>ieties4 ,! root$ bran*es are cut (f ! foll[+ spr+ & plant$ 9 nurs]y r[s or sometimes directly 9 ! field4 ,9 ord] to succe$ ) ?is me?od1 ! plant %\ld h be5 cut back to ! gr\nd s t all ! %oots are ye>l+4 ,prun+ is ess5tially ! same z = ! currant 7:i* see72 & ! treatm5t ( ! currant worm is ! same z = t fruit4 ,gooseb]ries %\ld be set 7ei!r 9 fall or spr+7 #c to #d feet ap>t2 r[s #e to #g feet ap>t4 ,select a ri*1 r moi/ soil4 ,! tops ne$ no w9t] protection4 ,if mildew & worms are to be kept 9 *eck1 spray+ mu/ be begun ) ! v fir/ sign ( tr\ble & be ?or\ghly done4 ,,g\rds are valuable z rapid-gr[+ scre5 v9es1 ! curi\s fruits ( _m v>ieties add+ mu* to _! attractiv5ess4 ,cultivation ! same z = melons or squa%es4 ,height #aj to #ae feet4 ,provide a *ick5-wire trellis2 or let !m run on a bru% pile4 ,,graft+4 ,graft+ is ! op]ation ( ins]t+ a piece ( a plant into ano!r plant ) ! int5tion t x %all gr[4 ,x diff]s f ! mak+ ( cutt+s 9 ! fact t ! sev]$ "p gr[s 9 ano!r plant r ?an 9 ! soil4 ,!re are two g5]al k9ds ( ,graft+--"o ( :i* ins]ts a piece ( bran* 9 ! /ock 7,graft+ prop]71 & "o :i* ins]ts only a bud ) little or no wood atta*$ 7budd+74 ,9 bo? cases ! success ( ! op]ation dep5ds ^u ! gr[+ toge!r ( ! cambium ( ! cion 7or cutt+7 & t ( ! /ock4 ,! cambium is ! new & gr[+ tissue :i* lies und]nea? ! b>k & on ! outside ( ! gr[+ wood4 ,!re=e1 ! l9e ( dem>cation betwe5 ! b>k & ! wood %\ld co9cide :5 ! cion & /ock are jo9$4 ,! plant ^u :i* ! sev]$ piece is set is call$ ! /ock4 ,! "p :i* is remov$ & set into ! /ock is call$ a cion if x is a piece ( a bran*1 or a bud if x is only a s+le bud ) a bit ( tissue atta*$4 ,! great] "p ( ,graft+ & budd+ is done :5 ! cion or bud is ne>ly or q dormant4 ,t is1 ,graft+ is usually done late 9 w9t] & e>ly 9 spr+1 & budd+ may be done !n1 or late 9 summ]1 :5 ! buds h ne>ly or q matur$4 ,! prime object ( ,graft+ is to p]petuate a k9d ( plant :i* w n reproduce itself f se$ or ( :i* se$ is v difficult to obta94 ,cions or buds are !re=e tak5 f ?is plant & set into :atev] k9d ( plant is obta9able & on :i* !y w gr[4 ,?us1 if "o wants to propagate ! ,baldw9 apple1 he does n = t purpose s[ se$s !re(1 b takes cions or buds f ! tree & grafts !m into "s o!r apple tree4 ,! /ocks are usually obta9$ f se$s4 ,9 ! case ( ! apple1 "y plants are rais$ f se$s :i* are obta9$ mo/ly f cid] factories1 )\t ref]5ce to ! v>iety f :i* !y came4 ,:5 ! se$l+s h gr[n to a c]ta9 age1 !y are budd$ or graft$2 & !reaft] !y be> fruit l t ( ! tree f :i* ! cions 7 tak54 ,illu/ration3 ,! bud sev]$ f its twig ,illu/ration3 ,! bud ti$ ,illu/ration3 ,! bud ins]t$ ,!re are _m ways 9 :i* ! union betwe5 cion & /ock is made4 ,budd+ may be fir/ discuss$4 ,x consi/s 9 ins]t+ a bud und]nea? ! b>k ( ! /ock1 & ! commone/ practice is t :i* is %[n 9 ! illu/rations4 ,budd+ is mo/ly p]=m$ 9 ,july1 ,augu/ & e>ly ,septemb]1 :5 ! b>k is /ill loose or w peel4 ,twigs are cut f ! tree :i* x is desir$ to propagate1 & ! buds are cut (f ) a %>p knife1 a %ield-%ap$ bit ( b>k 7) possibly a little wood7 be+ left ) !m 7see illu/ration74 ,! bud is !n %ov$ into a slit made 9 ! /ock1 & x is held 9 place by ty+ ) "s s(t /r&4 ,9 two or ?ree weeks ! bud w h /uck 7t is1 x w h gr[n fa/ to ! /ock71 & ! /r& is cut to prev5t its /rangl+ ! /ock4 ,ord9>ily ! bud does n gr[ until ! foll[+ spr+1 at :i* "t ! entire /ock or bran* 9 :i* ! bud is ins]t$ is cut (f an in* above ! bud2 & ! bud !reby receives all ! en]gy ( ! /ock4 ,budd+ is ! commone/ ,graft+ op]ation 9 nurs]ies4 ,se$s ( pea*es may be s[n 9 spr+1 & ! plants :i* result w be ready = budd+ t same ,augu/4 ,! foll[+ spr+1 or a ye> f ! plant+ ( ! se$1 ! /ock is cut (f j above ! bud 7:i* is ins]t$ ne> ! gr\nd71 & 9 ! fall ( t ye> ! tree is ready = sale2 t is1 ! top is "o season old & ! root is two seasons old1 b 9 ! trade x is kn[n z a #a-ye>-old tree4 ,9 apples & pe>s ! /ock is usually two ye>s old be=e x is budd$1 & ! tree is n sold until ! top has gr[n two or ?ree ye>s4 ,budd+ may be p]=m$ also 9 ! spr+1 9 :i* case ! bud w gr[ ! same season4 ,budd+ is always done 9 "y bran*es1 pref]ably 9 ^? n m ?an "o ye> old4 ,illu/ration3 ,:ip-graft ,graft+ is ! ins]tion ( a small bran* 7or cion71 usually be>+ m ?an "o bud4 ,if ,graft+ is done on small /ocks1 x is cu/om>y to employ ! :ip-graft1 :i* is illu/rat$ 9 ! m>g94 ,bo? /ock & cion are cut across diagonally1 & a split made 9 ea*1 s t "o fits into ! o!r4 ,! graft is ti$ securely ) a /r+1 & !n1 if x is above gr\nd1 x is also wax$ c>efully4 ,9 l>g] limbs or /ocks1 ! common me?od is to employ ! cleft-graft4 ,?is consi/s 9 cutt+ (f ! /ock1 splitt+ x & ins]t+ a w$ge-%ap$ cion 9 "o or bo? sides ( ! split1 tak+ c>e t ! cambium lay] ( ! cion mat*es t ( ! /ock4 ,! expos$ surfaces are !n securely cov]$ ) wax4 ,graft+ is usually p]=m$ e>ly 9 ! spr+1 j be=e ! buds swell4 ,! cions %\ld h be5 cut be=e ?is "t1 :5 !y 7 p]fectly dormant4 ,cions may be /or$ 9 s& 9 ! cell> or 9 ! ice h\se1 or !y may be buri$ 9 ! field4 ,! object is to keep !m fre% & dormant until !y are want$4 ,illu/ration3 ,cleft-graft ,illu/ration3 ,cleft-graft+ a ,cactus ,if x is desir$ to *ange ! top ( an old plum1 apple or pe> tree to "s o!r v>iety1 x is usually done by means ( ! cleft-graft4 ,if ! tree is v "y1 budd+ or :ip-graft+ may be employ$4 ,on an old top ! cions %\ld beg9 to be> :5 ?ree to f\r ye>s old4 ,all ! ma9 limbs %\ld be graft$4 ,x is important to keep d[n ! suck]s or wat]-spr\ts f ar\nd ! grafts1 & "p ( ! rema9+ top %\ld be cut away ea* ye> until ! top is entirely *ang$ ov] 7:i* w result 9 two to f\r ye>s74 ,a good wax = cov]+ ! expos$ p>ts is made z foll[s3 ,res91 #d p>ts by weight2 beeswax1 #b p>ts2 tall[1 #a "p4 ,9 mak+ ! wax1 ! mat]ials are fir/ brok5 up & melt$ toge!r4 ,:5 ?or\ghly melt$ ! liquid is p\r$ into a pail or tub ( cold wat]4 ,x soon becomes h>d en\gh to h&le1 & x is !n pull$ & work$ ov] until x becomes t\gh or gets a gra91 at :i* /age x becomes ! color ( v light-color$ manilla pap]4 ,:5 wax is appli$ by h&1 ! h&s mu/ be well greas$4 ,h>d cake tall[ is ! be/ mat]ial = ?is purpose4 ,9 top-graft+ l>ge trees1 x is well to c>ry a supply ( tall[ :5 wax+1 by sme>+ ! backs ( ! h&s be=e ent]+ ! tree4 ,,grape4 ,"o ( ! sure/ ( fruit crops is ! ,grape1 a crop ea* ye> be+ reasonably c]ta9 aft] ! ?ird ye> f ! "t ( sett+ ! v9es4 ,! ,grape does well on any soil t is "u good cultivation & well dra9$4 ,a soil ) consid]able clay is bett] "u ^! circum/ances ?an a light1 s&y loam4 ,! exposure %\ld be to ! sun2 & ! place %\ld admit ( cultivation on all sides4 ,"o- or #b-ye>-old v9es %\ld be plant$1 ei!r 9 ! fall or e>ly spr+4 ,at plant+ ! v9e is cut back to #c or #d eyes1 & ! roots are well %ort5$ 94 ,! hole 9 :i* ! plant is to be set %\ld be l>ge en\gh to all[ a full spread+ ( ! roots4 ,f9e soil %\ld be work$ ar\nd ! roots & firm$ ) ! feet4 ,if ! season %\ld be dry1 a mul* ( co>se litt] may be spread ar\nd ! v9e4 ,if all ! buds />t1 ! /ronge/ "o or two may be all[$ to gr[4 ,! canes aris+ f ^! buds %\ld be /ak$ & all[$ to gr[ ?r\gh ! season2 or 9 l>ge plantations ! fir/-ye> canes may be all[$ to lie on ! gr\nd4 ,! second ye> "o cane %\ld be cut back to ! same numb] ( eyes z ! fir/ ye>4 ,aft] gr[? beg9s 9 ! spr+1 two ( ! /ronge/ buds %\ld be all[$ to rema94 ,^! two canes n[ aris+ may be gr[n to a s+le /ake ?r\gh ! second summ]1 or !y may be spread horizontally on a trellis4 ,^! are ! canes :i* =m ! p]man5t arms or p>ts ( ! v9e4 ,f !m />t ! upright %oots :i*1 9 succe$+ ye>s1 are to be> ! fruits4 ,illu/ration3 ,grape ,9 ord] to und]/& ! prun+ ( ,grapes1 ! op]ator mu/ fully grasp ?is pr9ciple3 ,fruit is borne on wood ( ! pres5t season1 :i* arises f wood ( ! previ\s season4 ,to illu/rate3 ,a gr[+ %oot1 or cane ( #ahii1 makes buds4 ,9 #aijj a %oot arises f ea* bud2 & ne> ! base ( ?is %oot ! ,grapes are borne 7#a to #d clu/]s on ea*74 ,:ile e bud on ! #ahii %oot may produce %oots or canes 9 #aijj1 only ! /ronge/ ( ^! new canes w be> fruit4 ,! skill$ ,grape-gr[] c tell by ! looks ( 8 cane 7z he prunes x 9 w9t]7 :i* buds w give rise to ! ,grape-produc+ wood ! foll[+ season4 ,! l>g] & /rong] buds usually give be/ results2 b if ! cane itself is v big & /\t1 or if x is v weak & sl5d]1 he does n expect good results f any ( its buds4 ,a h>d1 well-rip5$ cane ! diamet] ( a man's little f+] is ! ideal size4 ,ano!r pr9ciple to be ma/]$ is ?is3 ,a v9e %\ld be> only a limit$ numb] ( clu/]s1--say f #cj to #hj4 ,a %oot be>s clu/]s ne> its base2 beyond ^! clu/]s ! %oot gr[s on into a long1 leafy cane4 ,an av]age ( two clu/]s may be reckon$ to a %oot4 ,if ! v9e is /rong en\gh to be> #fj clu/]s1 #cj good buds mu/ be left at ! prun+ 7:i* is done f ,decemb] to late ,febru>y74 ,! ess5tial op]ation ( prun+ a ,grape v9e1 !re=e1 is ea* ye> to cut back a limit$ numb] ( good canes to a few buds1 & to cut (f entirely all ! rema9+ canes or wood ( ! previ\s season's gr[?4 ,if a cane is cut back to #b or #c buds1 ! /ub-l "p :i* rema9s is call$ a spur4 ,pres5t sy/ems1 h[ev]1 cut ea* cane back to #h or #aj buds 7on /rong v>ieties71 & #c or #d canes are left1--all radiat+ f ne> ! head or trunk ( ! v9e4 ,! top ( ! v9e does n gr[ bigg] f ye> to ye>1 aft] x has once cov]$ ! trellis1 b is cut back to practically ! same numb] ( buds ea* ye>4 ,s9ce ^! buds are on new wood1 x is evid5t t !y are ea* ye> f>!r & f>!r remov$ f ! head ( ! v9e4 ,9 ord] to obviate ?is difficulty1 new canes are tak5 out ea* ye> or two f ne> ! head ( ! v9e1 & ! #b-ye> or #c-ye>-old wood is cut away4 ,! tra9+ ( ,grapes is a diff]5t matt]4 ,a doz5 diff]5t sy/ems ( tra9+ may be practic$ on ! same trellis & f ! same /yle ( prun+1--= tra9+ is only ! disposition or arrangem5t ( ! p>ts4 ,on arbors1 x is be/ to c>ry "o p]man5t arm or trunk f ea* root ov] ! framework to ! peak4 ,ea* ye> ! canes are cut back to %ort spurs 7( #b or #c buds7 along ! sides ( ?is trunk4 ,grapes are set f #f to #h feet ap>t 9 r[s :i* are #h to #aj feet ap>t4 ,a trellis made ( #b or #c wires is ! be/ support4 ,slat trellises cat* too mu* w9d & bl[ d[n4 ,avoid /imulat+ manures4 ,9 v cold climates1 ! v9es may be tak5 (f ! trellis 9 e>ly w9t] & laid on ! gr\nd & lightly cov]$ ) e>?4 ,along ! b\nd>ies ( home lots1 :]e ,grapes are (t5 plant$1 little is to be expect$ 9 ! way ( fruit because ! gr\nd is n well till$4 ,= mildew & rot1 spray ) ,bordeaux mixture4 ,see ,spray+4 ,concord is ! mo/ cosmopolitan v>iety1 b its quality is n ! be/4 ,= ! home g>d51 a good selection may be made f ! foll[+ li/3 ,w9*ell or ,gre5 ,m\nta91 ,campbell ,e>ly1 ,word51 ,concord1 ,niag>a1 ,moore ,diamond1 ,v]g5nes1 ,agawam1 ,salem1 ,wild]1 ,iona1 ,brighton1 ,delaw>e4 ,,grap]y4 ,! ,european grapes r>ely ?rive out ( doors 9 ea/]n ,am]ica4 ,grape h\ses are necess>y1 ) or )\t artificial heat4 ,fruit = home use may be gr[n v satisfactorily 9 a cold ,grap]y 7)\t artificial heat74 ,a simple lean-to aga9/ ! s\? side ( a build+ or wall is *eap & s]viceable4 ,:5 a sep>ate build+ is desir$1 an ev5-span h\se runn+ nor? & s\? is pref]able4 ,!re is no advantage 9 hav+ a curv$ ro(1 except z a matt] ( looks4 ,a compo/ ( f\r p>ts rott$ turf to "o ( manure is laid on a slop+ cem5t bottom outside ! h\se1 mak+ a bord] #ab feet wide & #b feet deep4 ,! cem5t may be replac$ ) rubble on well dra9$ soils1 b x is a poor make%ift4 ,e ?ree ye>s ! upp] #f in*es ( ! bord] %\ld be r5ew$ ) manure4 ,! bord] inside ! h\se is prep>$ likewise4 ,two-ye>-old pott$ v9es are plant$ ab\t #d feet ap>t 9 a s+le r[4 ,"p ( ! roots g ?r\gh a crevice 9 ! wall to ! out] bord] & "p rema9 inside2 or all may g outside if ! h\se is desir$ = o!r purposes4 ,"o /rong cane is tra9$ to a wire trellis hang+ at lea/ #ah in*es f ! glass1 & is cut back to #c feet ! fir/ ye>1 #f ! second1 & #i ! ?ird4 ,d n be 9 a hurry to get a long cane4 ,prun+ is on ! spur sy/em1 z recomm5d$ = arbors on page #abj4 ,! v9es are usually laid on ! gr\nd = w9t] & cov]$ ) leaves or wrapp$ ) clo?4 ,z soon z ! buds swell 9 e>ly spr+1 tie ! v9es to ! trellis & />t out "o %oot f ea* spur1 rubb+ (f all o!rs4 ,aft] ! b]ries beg9 to color1 h[ev]1 x is bett] to leave all fur!r gr[? to %ade ! fruit4 ,p9* back ea* ( ^! lat]als two jo9ts beyond ! second bun*4 ,to keep d[n r$ spid] & ?rips1 ! foliage %\ld be spray$ ) wat] e bright morn+ except dur+ ! bloom+ season4 ,at lea/ "o-?ird ( ! b]ries %\ld be ?9n$ f ea* bun*2 d n be afraid ( tak+ out too _m4 ,wat] ! inside bord] frequ5tly all ?r\gh ! summ]1 & ! outside occasionally if ! season is dry4 ,mildew may appe> 9 ,july4 ,! be/ prev5tives are to syr+e fai?fully1 admit air freely1 & spr9kle sulfur on ! gr\nd4 ,fruit may be kept fre% on ! v9es 9 a w>m 7or artificially heat$7 ,grap]y until late ,decemb]3 9 a coldh\se x mu/ be pick$ be=e fro/4 ,aft] ! fruit is (f1 v5tilate f top & bottom & )hold wat]1 s z to ?or\ghly rip5 ! wood4 ,along 9 ,novemb] ! canes are prun$1 cov]$ ) /raw or wrapp$ ) mats & laid d[n till spr+4 ,black ,hamburg is sup]ior to all o!r v>ieties = a cold ,grap]y2 ,b[ood ,muscat1 ,muscat ( ,alex&ria & ,*asselas ,musque may be add$ 9 ! w>mh\se4 ,good v9es w live & be> almo/ indef9itely4--,s4 ,w4 ,flet*]4 ,,grasses ( v>i\s k9ds are gr[n = ornam5t1 ! mo/ popul> types be+ ! h>dy p]5nials1 :i* make attractive clumps 9 ! lawn or bord]4 ,! be/ ( ! p]man5t k9ds 9 ! ,nor? are ! v>i\s sorts ( ,eulalia 7prop]ly ,miscan?us74 ,:5 once e/abli%$ !y rema9 = ye>s1 mak+ l>ge & bold clumps4 ,! /rip$ k9d1 or zebra grass1 is p>ticul>ly good4 ,^! grasses ?rive 9 any good soil4 ,!y gr[ f #d to #g feet high4 ,! great re$1 or ,arundo ,donax1 is a bold subject & p]fectly h>dy4 ,9 a ri* & r moi/ soil1 x gr[s #aj to #ab feet high :5 well e/abli%$4 ,pampas ,grass is mo/ excell5t 9 ! ,middle ,/ates & ,s\?4 ,"s ( ! big native grasses & s$ges make attractive lawn clumps4 ,grasses are also gr[n = dry or ev]la/+ b\quets4 ,= ?is purpose1 small-gr[+ delicate annual species are mo/ly us$4 ,good types are species ( agro/is1 briza1 bromus1 eragro/is1 & p5nisetum4 ,se$s ( ^! & ( o!rs are sold by se$sm54 ,) ord9>y treatm5t1 !y ?rive 9 any g>d5 soil4 ,= notes on sod-mak+1 see ,lawn4 ,,gre5h\se4 ,9 ,am]ica ! ^w ,gre5h\se has come to be appli$ to all k9ds ( glass-h\ses 9 :i* plants are gr[n4 ,orig9ally ! ^w 0 appli$ to ^? h\ses 9 :i* plants are m]ely pres]v$ or kept gre5 dur+ ! w9t]4 ,o!r types ( glass-h\ses are ! cons]vatory1 9 :i* plants are display$2 /ove or ho?\se1 9 :i* plants are gr[n 9 a high temp]ature2 ! propagat+ pit1 9 :i* ! multiplication ( plants is c>ri$ =w>d2 & ! h\ses :i* h v>i\s temp]atures1 z cold1 cool & int]m$iate4 ,! pr9ciples :i* und]lie ! con/ruction & managem5t ( glass-h\ses are too ext5sive to be discuss$ "h4 ,! read] %\ld ref] to special books on ! topic4 ,= ! g5]al subject1 ,taft's ,gre5h\se ,con/ruction & ,gre5h\se ,managem5t are excell5t4 ,= p>ticul> applications to floriculture1 ,hunt's ,h[ to ,gr[ ,cut-fl[]s is a /&>d "w4 ,= applications to ! =c+ ( vegetable crops1 ,bailey's ,=c+-,book may p]haps be consult$4 ,! small] ! glass-h\se ! m difficult x is to manage1 because x is likely to be m v>iable 9 temp]ature1 moi/ure & o!r conditions4 ,?is is p>ticul>ly true if ! h\se is a small lean-to aga9/ ! s\? side ( a dwell+ h\se1 = x becomes v hot at midday & comp>atively cold at night4 ,9 ord] to mod]ate ! heat 9 ^! little h\ses1 x is ord9>ily advisable to use gr\nd glass = ! ro( or to :itewa% x4 ,! h\se cons]vatory may be heat$ by a coal /ove1 b ! be/ results are r>ely to be atta9$ 9 ?is case4 ,a /ove is likely to leak gas1 & ! temp]ature is m or less unev54 ,! be/ results are to be atta9$ :5 ! cons]vatory is heat$ by /eam or hot wat]1 pip$ 9 ! mod]n fa%ion ) wr\ght iron pipes1 :i* g toge!r ) ?reads4 ,if ! cons]vatory is heat$ f ! heat] :i* supplies ! dwell+ h\se1 x %\ld h an extra am\nt ( pipe2 o!rwise x w be necess>y to keep ! dwell+ h\se too hot = com=t 9 ord] to ma9ta9 ! cons]vatory at its prop] temp]ature4 ,x is always be/1 :5 practicable1 to heat ! cons]vatory ) a sep>ate app>atus4 ,!re are v>i\s small hot wat] & /eam heat]s1 ! size ( coal /oves1 :i* are excell5t = ! purpose4 ,= a small cons]vatory1 hot wat] is usually pref]able to /eam1 s9ce x is less likely to fluctuate4 ,= l>ge e/abli%m5ts1 h[ev]1 ! /eam is usually ! bett]4 ,= fur!r discussions ( relat$ subjects1 see ,hotb$1 ,w9d[ ,g>d51 ,pott+ & ,wat]+4 ,,grevillea4 ,a v graceful gre5h\se plant1 suitable = h\se culture4 ,! plants gr[ freely f se$1 & until !y become too l>ge are z decorative z f]ns4 ,grevilleas are really trees1 & are valuable 9 gre5h\ses & rooms only 9 _! "y /ate4 ,!y )/& mu* abuse4 ,!y are n[ v popul> z j>d9i]e subjects4 ,se$s s[n 9 spr+ w give h&some plants by ! next w9t]4 ,,gypsophila4 ,,baby',s ,,brea?4 ,gypsophila muralis is "o ( ! da9ty little plants call$ ,baby's ,brea?4 ,x is a l[-gr[+ annual =m+ compact m\nds ( gre51 ?ickly cov]$ ) little p9k fl[]s4 ,x is "o ( ! mo/ attractive bord] plants 9 cultivation4 ,x is also a *>m+ pot-plant4 ,g4 paniculata is a h>dy p]5nial hav+ panicles ( blui% :ite fl[]s4 ,?is is v graceful1 & ! fl[]s are f9e = cutt+ & = use ) sweet pea b\quets or ) o!r *oice fl[]s4 ,! panicles are s la/+ t !y may be us$ 9 w9t] b\quets4 ,! annuals may be plant$ #a foot ap>t2 ! p]5nials #c feet4 ,bo? are readily gr[n f se$1 & bloom ! fir/ ye>4 ,,h>dy4 ,a relative t]m1 us$ to d5ote a plant :i* endures ! climate 7p>ticul>ly ! w9t] climate7 ( a giv5 place4 ,half-h>dy plants are ^? :i* )/& "s fro/ or uncong5ial conditions1 b w n endure ! sev]ity ( ! climate4 ,t5d] plants are ^? :i* are injur$ by light fro/s4 ,,h$ges4 ,h$ges are mu* less us$ 9 ?is c\ntry ?an 9 ,europe1 & = sev]al reasons4 ,our climate is dry1 & mo/ ,h$ges d n ?rive s well "h z !re2 labor is high-pric$1 & ! trimm+ is !re=e likely to be neglect$2 our f>ms are s l>ge t mu* f5c+ is requir$2 timb] & wire are *eap] ?an live ,h$ges4 ,h[ev]1 !y are us$ ) good effects ab\t ! home gr\nds4 ,9 ord] to secure a good ,h$ge1 x is necess>y to h a ?or\ghly well-prep>$1 deep soil1 to set ! plants close1 & to %e> !m at lea/ twice e ye>4 ,= ev]gre5 ,h$ges ! mo/ s]viceable plant 9 g5]al is ! arborvitae4 ,! plants may be set at di/ances ( #a to #b-a_/b feet ap>t4 ,= *oice ,h$ges ab\t ! gr\nds1 p>ticul>ly outside ! nor!rn /ates1 "s ( ! ret9osporas are v useful4 ,"o ( ! mo/ satisfactory ( all conif]\s plants = ,h$ges is ! common hemlock1 :i* /&s %e>+ well & makes a v s(t & pleas+ mass4 ,! plants may be set f #a to #c feet ap>t4 ,o!r plants :i* hold _! leaves & are good = ,h$ges are ! common box & ! privets4 ,box ,h$ges are ! be/ = v l[ bord]s ab\t walks & fl[] b$s4 ,! dw>f v>iety c be kept d[n to a height ( #f in*es to a foot = any numb] ( ye>s4 ,! l>g]-gr[+ v>ieties make excell5t ,h$ges #c1 #d & #e feet high4 ,! ord9>y privet or prim holds its leaves well into w9t] 9 ! ,nor?4 ,! s-call$ ,cali=nian privet holds its leaves r long] & /&s bett] along ! sea%ore4 ,9 ! s\!rn /ates1 no?+ is bett] ?an ,citrus trifoliata4 ,= ,h$ges ( decidu\s plants1 ! mo/ common species are ! buck?orn1 ! ,european ?orn apple or crataegus1 osage orange1 & v>i\s k9ds ( roses4 ,h$ges %\ld be trimm$ ! ye> aft] !y are set1 al?\gh !y %\ld n be trimm$ v closely until !y rea* ! desir$ or p]man5t height4 ,!reaft] !y %\ld be %e>$ into ! desir$ =m 9 spr+ or fall4 ,if ! plants are all[$ to gr[ = a ye> or two )\t trimm+1 !y lose _! l[] leaves & become op5 & /raggly4 ,osage orange & "s o!r plants are pla%$--t is1 ! plants are set at an angle r ?an p]p5dicul>ly1 & !y are wir$ toge!r 9 su* a way t !y make an imp5etrable b>ri] j above ! surface ( ! gr\nd4 ,,helian?us4 ,see ,sunfl[]4 ,,heli*rysum4 ,^! are p]haps ! mo/ popul> ( ! ,ev]la/+s 7:i* see71 hav+ l>ge fl[]s ( sev]al colors4 ,!y gr[ readily f se$1 bloom+ f ,july to ,octob]4 ,height #aj in*es to #b feet4 ,%\ld be plant$ or ?9n$ to /& #ah in*es ap>t4 ,,heliotrope4 ,a univ]sal favorite h\se or bord] plant1 gr[+ readily f cutt+s or se$s1 & produc+ quantities ( fragrant violet1 purple or :ite fl[]s4 ,"o ( ! be/ me?ods ( cultivation is to set a /rong plant 9 ! bord] & peg ! new gr[?s to ! gr\nd1 :]e !y w root & =m a p]fect mat1 fl[]+ pr(usely dur+ ! fall mon?s until fro/4 ,!y w endure ! temp]ature ( a liv+ room well if ! room is n too dry4 ,r$ spid] is a natural enemy ( ! ,heliotrope1 & :5 once x obta9s a foo?old is a v difficult pe/ to manage1 b frequ5t syr++ ) wat] w keep x 9 *eck4 ,a light1 ri* soil & an abundance ( heat are _! requirem5ts4 ,height #a to #c feet4 ,propagat$ by cutt+s or lay]s4 ,,hellebore 7,:ite ,hellebore7 is (t5 us$ = ! kill+ ( currant-worms & o!r insects 7see ,currant74 ,x is n s poison\s z ! ars5ites1 & !re=e is to be pref]r$ :5 x is necess>y to apply a poison to ne>ly ripe fruit4 ,x is usually appli$ 9 a spray ) wat]1 at ! rate ( #a_/c ounce to ! gallon4 ,x is h>mless to foliage4 ,,helleborus1 or ,,*ri/mas ,,rose1 may be _h 9 fl[] at ! holidays if gr[n 9 a frame & protect$4 ,! usual "t = x to fl[] 9 ! op5 bord] is 9 ,m>* or e>ly ,april4 ,x w cont9ue to bloom = _m ye>s if gr[n 9 a %ady place4 ,roots may be divid$ z an increase is want$4 ,x may also be gr[n f se$s2 & se$l+s may be expect$ to bloom a ye> f ! spr+ 9 :i* !y are s[n4 ,height #f to #aj in*es4 ,,hem]ocallis1 or ,,yell[ ,,day ,,lily4 ,! advice giv5 "u ,funkia w apply to ?is4 ,,h]bs are plants :i* die to ! gr\nd 9 w9t]4 ,!y may be annual1 bi5nial1 or p]5nial4 ,= a li/ ( annual ,h]bs suitable = ! fl[] g>d51 see ! articles on ,annuals & ,b$d+4 ,a bord] or free mass ( p]5nial ,h]bs is "o ( ! *>ms ( any place4 ,x is in=mal1 easy ( c>e1 & self-su/a9+4 ,! l>ge "p ( ! mass %\ld be compos$ ( common & h>dy ?+s--wild or f g>d5s--& incid5tal features may be made ( ! *oic] & r>] exotics4 ,9 mo/ cases1 plants look bett] :5 judici\sly mix$ ?an :5 plant$ "o k9d 9 a b$4 ,see ,bord]4 ,,hibiscus4 ,annuals & p]5nials1 "s ( !m %rubs1 ) %[y1 hollyhock-l fl[]s4 ,! annual ,hibiscuses are v satisfactory4 ,!y gr[ quickly & fl[] freely4 ,! fl[]s are usually :ite or yell[1 ( l>ge size1 & appe> f ,july on4 ,! h]bace\s p]5nial k9ds are among/ ! be/ ( h>dy bord] plants1 bloom+ 9 late summ] & fall4 ,! commone/ ( ^! is ,hibiscus ,mos*eutos4 ,give ri*1 moi/ soil4 ,! gre5h\se species are old favorites4 ,!y may be us$ 9 outdoor b$d+ ?r\gh ! summ]1 lift$ 9 ! fall & cut back4 ,keep r dry & dormant dur+ w9t]4 ,propagat$ by cutt+s4 ,,hippea/rum4 ,consult ,am>yllis4 ,illu/ration3 ,common hoe ,illu/ration3 ,sc>ifi] ,,hoes %\ld be ( sev]al patt]ns if ! mo/ effici5t "w is to be done 9 ! g>d54 ,! ord9>y ,hoe is adapt$ only to ! r\gh] & co>s] ,hoe-"w1 su* z digg+ & fitt+ ! gr\nd4 ,= mu* ( ! subsequ5t tillage1 "s ( ! n>r[-blade & po9t$ ,hoes are excell5t4 ,= cutt+ (f we$s1 ! pu% ,hoe or sc>ifi] is excell5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,hollyhocks ,,hollyhock4 ,^! old g>d5 favorites h be5 neglect$ ( late ye>s1 prim>ily because ! ,hollyhock ru/ has be5 s preval5t1 de/roy+ ! plants or mak+ ! unsightly4 ,! d\ble v>ieties seem to suff] ! mo/2 & = t reason1 & f ! fact t ! less =mal type is 9 favor1 ! s+le v>ieties are n[ ! mo/ g5]ally gr[n4 ,_! culture is v simple4 ,! se$ is usually s[n 9 ,july or ,augu/1 & ! plants set :]e want$ ! foll[+ spr+4 ,!y w bloom ! same ye> 9 :i* !y are transplant$--! ye> foll[+ ! se$-s[+4 ,new plants %\ld be set e two ye>s1 z ! old cr[ns are apt to rot or die aft] ! fir/ fl[]+4 ,= ru/1 spray e>ly ) ,bordeaux mixture or ammoniacal c>bonate ( copp]4 ,,hop1 ,,ornam5tal4 ,humulus ,japonicus1 or ! annual ,,hop1 is "o ( ! be/ rapid-gr[+ scre5 v9es 9 cultivation4 ,x makes a d5se canopy ( attractive foliage4 ,! leaves are f9ely cut1 & 9 "o v>iety v>iegat$ ) :ite4 ,?is v>iegat$ v>iety is a f9e v9e = a por* or front scre51 always attract+ att5tion to its m>k+s4 ,?is ,hop is propagat$ by se$ s[n 9 boxes 9 ,m>*4 ,:5 once e/abli%$1 x w se$ itself & />t z soon z ! soil becomes w>m4 ,set plants #d to #h feet ap>t4 ,height #h to #bj feet4 ,,hors]adi%4 ,z a kit*5 g>d5 vegetable1 ?is is usually plant$ 9 "s out-(-!-way spot & a piece ( ! root dug z (t5 z ne$$1 ! fragm5ts ( roots be+ left 9 ! soil to gr[ = fur!r use4 ,?is me?od results 9 hav+ no?+ b t\gh1 /r+y roots1 v unlike ! product ( a prop]ly plant$ & well c>$ = b$4 ,! be/ roots are ^? plant$ 9 ! spr+ at ! "t ( sett+ e>ly cabbage1 & dug z late ! same fall z ! wea!r w p]mit4 ,x becomes1 !re=e1 an annual crop4 ,! roots = plant+ are small pieces1 f #d to #f in*es long1 obta9$ :5 trimm+ ! roots dug 9 ! fall4 ,^! pieces may be pack$ 9 s& & /or$ until want$ ! foll[+ spr+4 ,9 plant+1 ! roots %\ld be set ) ! upp] end #c in*es bel[ ! surface ( ! gr\nd1 us+ a dibb] or %>p-po9t$ /ick 9 mak+ ! holes4 ,! crop may be plant$ betwe5 r[s ( e>ly-s[n beets1 lettuce or o!r crop1 & giv5 full possession ( ! gr\nd :5 ^! crops are h>ve/$4 ,:]e ! gr\nd is incl9$ to be /iff or ! subsoil is ne> ! surface1 ! roots may be set 9 a slant+ position4 ,9 fact1 _m g>d5]s practice ?is me?od ( plant+1 ?9k+ t ! roots make a bett] gr[? & are m uni=m 9 size4 ,,hotb$4 ,a ,hotb$ is a frame or box :i* has artificial heat & a transp>5t cov]+ & 9 :i* plants are gr[n4 ,x diff]s f a coldframe 7:i* see7 9 ! fact t x has artificial bottom heat4 ,?is bottom heat is usually suppli$ by f]m5t+ organic matt]1 *iefly horse manure1 b hot air1 hot wat] or /eam convey$ 9 pipes1 may be employ$4 ,x is cov]$ ) sa% ( :i* ! normal or /&>d size is #c feet wide & #f feet long4 ,^! sa%es are laid crosswise ! box or frame4 ,! /&>d size ( frame is #f feet wide & #ab feet long4 ,a frame1 !re=e1 accommodates f\r sa%es4 ,h[ev]1 ! frame may be ( any l5g? desir$4 ,?is frame is ord9>ily made ( bo>ds1 & ! back ( x is #c or #d in*es high] ?an ! front1 s t ! sa%es slope to ! sun4 ,x is cu/om>y to h a space ( #f to #aj in*es betwe5 ! e>? & ! sa% on ! l[] or front side4 ,! manure :i* is us$ to heat ! b$ may be plac$ on top ( ! gr\nd & ! frame set on ! pile1 or x may be plac$ 9 a pit4 ,if ! l& is w>m & well dra9$1 x is ord9>ily bett] to h a pit f #a to #b feet deep & to set ! frame ov] x4 ,?is is especially ! case if x is desir$ to h a p]man5t ,hotb$ y>d4 ,! place 9 :i* ! frames are set %\ld be protect$ f ! cold & prevail+ w9ds by a ris+ slope1 a high bo>d f5ce1 a build+1 h$ge1 or o!r ob/ruction4 ,if ! frame y>d is ne> ! ma9 build+s1 x w be mu* m accessible 9 ra9y or sn[y times1 & ! plants are likely to h bett] c>e4 ,wat] %\ld also be h&y4 ,illu/ration3 ,section ( a ,hotb$ ,! "t ( />t+ a ,hotb$ w dep5d ^u ! k9ds ( plants to be gr[n1 ! am\nt ( "t :i* "o wi%es to ga91 & some?+1 also1 on ! quality ( ! manure4 ,! h>di] ! plant ! e>li] x c be />t$4 ,9 ! latitude ( ,new ,york1 f ! fir/ to ! middle ( ,m>* is ! usual "t = />t+ a ,hotb$4 ,9 ?is b$ are s[n se$s ( e>ly fl[]s & su* vegetables z cabbage1 caulifl[]1 tomato1 etc4 ,9 ! rais+ ( any plants 9 ! ,hotb$1 x is v ess5tial t !y d n become drawn or leggy4 ,9 ord] to prev5t ?is1 !y mu/ be giv5 pl5ty ( room1 ?or\gh v5tilation on all pleasant days1 & n too great heat4 ,x is well to transplant !m once or twice be=e !y are f9ally set 9 ! field1 especially if !y are />t$1 9 ,new ,york1 z e>ly z ! fir/ or middle ( ,m>*4 ,:5 !y are transplant$1 !y c be set 9 ano!r ,hotb$ or 9 a coldframe2 b x is important t ! succe$+ frames 9 :i* !y are set %\ld n be v mu* cold] ?an ! "o 9 :i* !y grew1 else !y may become /unt$4 ,x is well1 h[ev]1 to transplant !m into a gradually cool] & fre] atmosph]e 9 ord] to h>d5 !m (f1 s t !y may g into ! op5 gr\nd )\t dang]4 ,on e pleasant day1 raise ! sa% at ! upp] end #a or #b in*es1 or if ! sun %9es brightly & ! w9d does n bl[1 give ev5 m air2 & ev5tually /rip (f ! sa%es entirely4 ,x is v important t ! plants are n kept too close & gr[n too s(t4 ,x is usually advisable to s[ cabbage1 lettuce & o!r h>dy plants 9 diff]5t frames f tomatoes & o!r t5d] ?+s1 9 ord] t ! prop] requirem5ts may be giv5 to ea*4 ,at night ! ,hotb$s 7at lea/ e>ly 9 ! season7 w ne$ m protection ?an ! glass sa%4 ,x 0 =m]ly ! cu/om to use ?ick rye-/raw mats to cov] ,hotb$s1 b x is n[ a common practice to use ! /raw matt+ :i* c be b\ght ( c>pet deal]s4 ,?is is roll$ out on ! sa%es at night 9 "o or two ?icknesses2 & if ! wea!r is %>p1 bo>d %utt]s1 ! size ( ! sa%1 may be laid on top4 ,z ! manure heat beg9s to fail give m & m air1 s t ! plants may be able to %ift = !mselves :5 ! bottom heat is f9ally exhau/$4 ,fre% horse manure is ! mat]ial :i* is commonly us$ = ! heat+ ( ,hotb$s4 ,if x c be secur$ f liv]y /ables1 s t x is all ( ne>ly or q ! same age1 bett] results may be expect$4 ,manure f highly f$ horses usually heats bett] ?an t f horses :i* receive little gra91 or 9 :i* !re is v mu* litt]4 ,put ! manure 9 a pile1 pref]ably "u cov]1 & z soon z x %[s signs ( heat+1 =k x ov] 9 ord] to mix ! entire mass & to cause x to heat ev5ly4 ,:5 x is /eam+ ?r\gh\t ! :ole mass1 x may be put 9 ! b$4 ,assum+ t ! ,hotb$ has a pit b5ea? x1 x is well to put 9 #b or #c in*es ( co>se litt] 9 ord] to keep ! manure (f ! cold gr\nd4 ,! manure is !n put 9 & tramp$ d[n1 9 lay]s ( #d to #f in*es ea*4 ,if ! manure is ( ! "r consi/5cy1 x w pack )\t becom+ d5se & soggy2 t is1 x w spr+ a little b5ea? ! feet4 ,if x has too mu* litt]1 x w fluff up "u ! feet & n pack well4 ,f #ah to #bd or ev5 #cj in*es ( manure is plac$ 9 ! pit4 ,on top1 an in* ( dry /raw or light leaf-mold may be plac$ to s]ve z a di/ributor ( ! heat to ! e>? above4 ,f #c to #d in*es ( ri*1 light e>? is plac$ ^u ?is1 9 :i* to s[ ! se$4 ,! manure w ord9>ily heat viol5tly = a few days4 ,place a soil !rmomet] 9 x1 & z soon z ! temp]ature beg9s to fall bel[ #ij deg4 ! se$s ( tomatoes & egg-plants may be s[n2 & :5 x beg9s to fall bel[ #hj deg41 ! se$s ( cabbages1 lettuce & caulifl[] may be s[n4 ,if ! frame is n plac$ ov] a pit & ! manure is put on top ( ! gr\nd1 x w be necess>y to all[ ! body ( manure to project #a or #b feet 9 all directions 9 ord] to prev5t ! edges ( ! b$ f freez+4 ,9 />t+ plants 9 a ,hotb$1 "o mu/ n expect to ga9 z mu* "t 9 ! crop z he ga9s 9 ! />t+ ( ! se$s3 t is1 if he />ts ! se$s two mon?s ahead ( ! normal season1 he w n ga9 two mon?s 9 ! rip5+ ( ! crop4 ,ord9>ily1 he _c expect to ga9 mu* m ?an "o-half ! "t1 p>ticul>ly if ! plants are transplant$ to ! field f ! ,hotb$4 ,"s plants may be gr[n to maturity 9 ! ,hotb$1 p>ticul>ly lettuce & radi%es4 ,aft] ,hotb$s h be5 empti$ ( _! plants1 ! sa%es may be /or$ away1 & ! frames1 ) _! sp5t manure1 us$ = ! gr[+ ( an e>ly summ] crop ( melons or cucumb]s4 ,,h\se ,,plants4 ,see ,w9d[-,g>d54 ,illu/ration3 ,hyac9? bean ,,hyac9? ,,bean 7,doli*os ,lablab74 ,a v rapid-gr[+ tw9]1 be>+ fragrant fl[]s ( purple or :ite4 ,x is a f9e scre5 plant4 ,plant se$s :5 ! gr\nd is w>m :]e ! plants are to gr[2 or !y may be />t$ e>ly 9 pots4 ,height #aj feet4 ,,hyac9?s are mo/ popul> w9t]- or spr+-fl[]+ bulbs4 ,hyac9?s are h>dy1 b !y are (t5 us$ z w9d[ or gre5h\se plants4 ,!y are easy to gr[ & v satisfactory4 ,= w9t] fl[]+ ! bulbs %\ld be procur$ e>ly 9 ! fall1 pott$ 9 ,octob] 9 soil compos$ ( loam1 leaf-mold & s&4 ,if ord9>y fl[] pots are us$1 put 9 ! bottom a few pieces ( brok5 pots1 *>coal or small /ones = dra9age2 !n fill ! pot ) dirt1 s t :5 ! bulb is plant$ ! top w be on a level ) ! rim ( ! pot4 ,fill 9 ar\nd ! bulb ) soil1 leav+ j ! tip ( ! bulb %[+4 ,^! pots ( bulbs %\ld be plac$ 9 a cold pit1 cell> or on ! %ady side ( a build+4 ,9 all cases1 plunge ! pot 9 "s cool mat]ial 7z c9d]s74 ,be=e ! wea!r becomes cold en\gh to freeze a cru/ on ! gr\nd1 ! pots %\ld h a protection ( /raw or leaves to keep ! bulbs f sev]e freez+4 ,9 f six to eight weeks ! bulbs %\ld h made roots en\gh to gr[ ! plant1 & ! pots may be plac$ 9 a cool room = a %ort "t4 ,:5 ! plants h />t$ into gr[?1 !y may be plac$ 9 a w>m] situation4 ,wat]+ %\ld be c>efully att5d$ to f ?is "t1 & :5 ! plant is 9 bloom ! pot may be set 9 a sauc] or o!r %all[ di% conta9+ wat]4 ,aft] fl[]+1 ! bulbs may be rip5$ by gradually )hold+ wat] until ! leaves die4 ,!y may !n be plant$ out 9 ! bord]1 :]e !y w bloom ea* spr+ = a numb] ( ye>s1 b w nev] prove satisfactory = =c+ aga94 ,! op5 gr\nd culture ( ,hyac9?s is ! same z = tulips1 :i* see4 ,see ,bulbs4 ,wat] ,culture ( ,hyac9?s4--,! ,hyac9? is ! mo/ popul> ( ! ,dut* bulbs = gr[+ 9 vases4 ,! ,n>cissus may be gr[n 9 wat]1 & d j z well1 b x is n z pretty 9 glasses z ! ,hyac9?4 ,glasses = ,hyac9?s may be _h ( flori/s :o deal 9 supplies1 & 9 v>i\s %apes & colors4 ,! usual =m is tall & n>r[1 ) a cup-l m\? to receive ! bulb4 ,!y are fill$ ) wat]1 s t x w j rea* ! base ( ! bulb :5 x has be5 plac$ 9 position 9 ! cup above4 ,! vessels ( d>k-color$ glass are pref]able to ^? ( cle> glass1 z roots pref] d>kness4 ,:5 ! glasses1 or b[ls z above m5tion$1 h be5 arrang$1 !y are set away 9 a cool1 d>k place to =m roots l pott$ bulbs4 ,results are usually secur$ e>li] 9 wat] ?an 9 soil4 ,to keep ! wat] sweet1 a few lumps ( *>coal may be put 9 ! glass4 ,z ! wat] evaporates1 add fre%2 add en\gh s t x runs ov]1 & !reby r5ews t 9 ! glass4 ,d n di/urb ! roots by tak+ out ! bulb4 ,,hydrangea4 ,"o ( ! commone/ lawn %rubs is ,hydrangea paniculata4 ,! commone/ fault 9 gr[+ x is scatt]+ ! plants ov] ! lawn1 :]e !y suff] 9 ! competition ) grass roots1 & d n %[ (f to advantage4 ,x is f> bett] to mass !m 9 front ( tall] ?+s4 ,! ,hydrangea blooms on wood ( ! season2 !re=e x %\ld be prun$ aft] bloom--9 w9t] or e>ly spr+ 7see ,prun+74 ,cut back heavily1 9 ord] to secure ! /rong new %oots ^u :i* ! fl[]s are borne4 ,,hyssop4 ,see ,sweet ,h]bs4 ,,ice ,,plant1 or ,,mesembryan!mum4 ,f9e little plants = rockwork or edg+4 ,! majority ( ! species are gre5h\se & w9d[ plants1 b a few c be recomm5d$ = outdoor plant+4 ,a v sunny location1 ) gravelly soil1 w give ! be/ results1 ei!r 9 ! op5 or 9 ! h\se4 ,easily propagat$ by pieces ( ! plant laid on moi/ s& 9 a some:at sunny place4 ,! common ,ice ,plant ( w9d[-g>d5s is readily gr[n f se$s or slips4 ,x is priz$ = its gl&ul>-gli/5+ ?ick foliage 7:5ce ! common "n74 ,! little fl[]s1 :i* op5 9 sun%9e1 are also int]e/+4 ,,impati5s ,,sultani is a g5]ally kn[n cons]vatory plant1 mak+ a *>m+ pot subject = w>m gre5h\se or a room4 ,x is readily propagat$ f se$ or cutt+s1 se$ be+ pref]able4 ,fl[]s bright p9k-r$4 ,( easy culture 9 a fairly moi/ atmosph]e4 ,height ab\t #ah in*es4 ,,insects4 ,= horticultural purposes1 ,insects might be gr\p$ into ?ree g5]al classes3 bor]s1 or ^? :i* live inside ! plant tissue2 *ew+ ,insects :i* live on ! outside ( ! plant2 & ! suck+ ,insects4 ,z a g5]al /atem5t1 x may be said t ! digg+ out ( bor]s is ! only complete rem$y4 ,sometimes an application ( some?+ to ! body ( ! tree may keep !m out1 b x is always unc]ta92 & x usually involves m "w ?an to dig !m out4 ,all trees :i* are subject to bor]s 7especially apples1 pea*es & pe>s7 %\ld be exam9$ at lea/ twice e ye>4 ,see ,bor]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,mo? ( "o ( ! bor]s ,illu/ration3 ,a beetle bor] ,! g5]al run ( *ew+ or bit+ ,insects may be kill$ by ! ars5ical poisons4 ,su* ,insects are ! common types ( worms & beetles :i* fe$ on foliage4 ,! lead+ poison :i* is n[ us$ = ?is purpose is ,p>is gre5 7:i* see74 ,hellebore & pyre?rum are useful :5 x is n advisable to use ars5ical poisons4 ,! suck+ ,insects include all ! k9ds ( plant lice1 ! squa% bug & all ! scale ,insects4 ,^! are dispat*$ by "s mat]ial :i* kills by ext]nal application1 especially mat]ial :i* has k]os5e or petroleum 9 x4 ,! common mat]ial h]et(ore us$ = ?is purpose is k]os5e & soap emulsion2 b x is n[ believ$ t ! emulsion ( k]os5e & wat] is fully z effici5t1 & s9ce ma*9es h be5 p]fect$ = automatically mix+ x1 x is a mu* m practicable rem$y4 ,see ,k]os5e ,emulsion4 ,illu/ration3 ,weevil--a *ew+ insect ,9 ! fight+ ( all ,insects1 success dep5ds ^u tak+ !m 9 "t4 ,if some?+ is kn[n ( ! life hi/ory ( ! ,insect1 v mu* w be ga9$1 = ! op]ator may be on h& z soon z ! ,insect is expect$ to appe>4 ,insects on ,h\se ,plants4--,! mo/ tr\blesome or common ,insects ) :i* ! amateur is likely to meet 9 ! w9d[-g>d5 or cons]vatory are ! r$ spid]1 mite1 mealy bug1 aphis1 & scale4 ,! r$ spid] is a v m9ute ,insect ) a r$di% body4 ,its pres5ce may be suspect$ :5ev] plants are gr[+ 9 a w>m & dry place4 ,usually x fir/ appe>s on ! "u side ( leaves1 b x multiplies rapidly1 & w soon n be s *oice ( position4 ,x sucks ! juices ( ! leaves1 & !y soon indicate ! injury by a dull appe>ance1 & also1 9 _m cases1 by small :iti% or pal] areas on ! upp] surfaces4 ,! mite is ( simil> habits & size1 b is ( a pale color1 ) black on its back4 ,x appe>s "u ! same conditions z ! r$ spid]4 ,^! pe/s are small1 b are v s]i\s if all[$ to multiply un*eck$4 ,!y %\ld be look$ aft] z soon z _! pres5ce is detect$4 ,! rem$y is to arrange = keep+ ! air ab\t ! plants m moi/1 & giv+ dr5*+s ( ! foliage ) cle> or soapy wat]4 ,! latt] is mo/ effective4 ,! soap us$ may be simply ! common wa%+ soap1 or t sold at drug /ores kn[n z :ale-oil soap4 ,9 fight+ !m1 c>e mu/ be us$ n to keep ! soil soak$ ) wat]1 or x w *eck ! plants 9 vigor & only add to ! /r5g? ( ! enemy4 ,ev5 flori/s sometimes get into j su* a pr$icam5t4 ,flagg+ & extreme v>iations 9 dryness & humidity ( ! air1 *eck+ ! vigor ( plants1 favor ! appe>ance & pres5ce ( ! r$ spid] q z mu* z extreme & cont9u$ dryness ( ! air4 ,! aphids or plant lice are readily disc]nable :5 !y appe> on plants1 z !y are sure to d "u ne>ly all conditions4 ,!y are small1 h elongat$1 succul5t bodies1 move ab\t sl[ly & awkw>dly1 on r long1 hairlike legs1 & are mo/ commonly ( a pale gre5 color1 ?\gh (t5 br[n or r$di%1 & sometimes ( o!r %ades4 ,fumigation ( ! plants 9 a clos$ box ) burn+ tobacco /ems w kill !m4 ,latt]ly flori/s evaporate a liquid extract ( tobacco 7:i* is sold by deal]s 9 flori/s' supplies7 by dropp+ a hot iron into a pan ( x4 ,a tea made by soak+ tobacco /ems 9 wat] = a few h\rs1 & appli$ ) a syr+e1 is effective1 & a safe rem$y 9 inexp]i5c$ h&s4 ,a tablespoonful ( tobacco %eep-dip1 or extract ( tobacco1 to a c\ple ( gallons ( wat]1 also makes an effective syr++ or dipp+ solution4 ,z m5tion$ above1 we %\ld use c>e1 especially 9 ! w9t] "t1 :5 ! soil (t5 dries out sl[ly1 to avoid soak+ x :5 already wet or suffici5tly moi/4 ,illu/ration3 ,"o ( ! k9d :i* sucks its food ,mealy bug has a small1 flat1 tortoise-%ap$ body1 f ab\t "o-sixte5? to "o-eigh? ( an in* long4 ,! ,insects collect 9 masses 9 ! axils ( ! leaves4 ,!y are cov]$ ) a :ite mealy or cottony sub/ance1 & are readily recogniz$1 al?\gh p]sons unfamili> ) _! appe>ance h sometimes mi/ak5 !m = bits ( d[n or cotton lodg$ ^u ! foliage or 9 ! axils ( ! leaves4 ,! "y are small1 & likely to escape obs]vation unless "o looks closely4 ,!y are flat1 ( a creamy or p9ki% t9t1 & lie close to ! surface ( ! leaves1 especially on ! "u surface4 ,coleus & b\v>dias are among ! plants ^u :i* mealy bugs are mo/ (t5 f\nd4 ,ow+ to ! oily nature ( _! cov]+1 x is difficult to wet _! bodies ) any ord9>y liquid t may be appli$ = ! purpose ( de/roy+ !m4 ,fir-tree oil is "o ( ! mo/ effective rem$ies = !m4 ,?is liquid is r exp5sive1 b = a small collection a gallon c w la/ = a long "t4 ,x is also effective aga9/ o!r ,insects4 ,= mealy bugs1 two tablespoonfuls ( ! oil to "o p9t ( wat] w make an effective dipp+ or spray+ solution4 ,s(t or ra9-wat] %\ld be us$1 & t91 wood51 or e>!nw>e vessels4 ,galvaniz$ iron vessels are to be avoid$4 ,apply =cibly ) a syr+e or atomiz]1 pref]ably 9 ! ev5+4 ,if effective1 ! mealy bug w turn buff-color4 ,= o!r ,insects1 except = ! scale1 m5tion$ bel[1 ! solution w n ne$ to be m ?an half or a f\r? s /rong4 ,:]e !re are only a few mealy bugs1 ! plant may be gone ov] ) a s(t bru% & ! ,insects cru%$4 ,illu/ration3 ,! codl9-mo? ,scales are mo/ commonly ( a br[n or :iti% color1 flat or tortoise-%ap$1 & easily se54 ,!y adh]e closely by ! "u surface ( _! bodies to ! /ems1 bran*es1 & foliage ( woody plants4 ,! mature ,insect is /ation>y1 & its body at l5g? becomes a %ell conta9+ hundr$s ( eggs4 ,^! hat*1 & ! "y em]ge f ! %ell1 crawl ab\t & settle1 to develop into ! famili> =m4 ,a /rong solution ( fir-tree oil1 l t us$ = mealy bugs1 is a good rem$y4 ,a /rong solution ( :ale-oil soap1 made by add+ an ounce or m ( ! soap to ?ree gallons ( wat]1 ev5 m if necess>y1 is also useful 9 combat+ !m4 ,aft] dipp+ or syr++ ! plants !y may be all[$ to /& ov] night1 :5 !y %\ld be r9s$ (f ) cle> wat]4 ,applications may ne$ repeat+ e ?ree or f\r days until ! ,insects are gott5 rid (4 ,x is difficult1 = a "t1 to tell :5 !y are dead4 ,if kill$1 ! bodies w fall (f easily1 & 9 ! case ( ! s(t-%ell$ species %rivel up some:at aft] a "t4 ,k]os5e & wat] emulsion 7see ,k]os5e7 w kill !m4 ,,insecticide4 ,a sub/ance :i* w kill insects4 ,insecticides are ( two g5]al classes--^? t kill by contact 7see ,k]os5e71 & ^? t poison ! insect 7see ,p>is ,gre5 & ,hellebore74 ,,iris4 ,_m h&some p]5nials1 ( :i* ! ,blue ,flag is famili> to e old-fa%ion$ g>d54 ,mo/ ,irises ?rive be/ 9 a r moi/ soil1 & "s ( !m may be coloniz$ 9 ! wat] 9 m>g9s ( ponds4 ,g>d5]s usually divide !m into two sections--! tub]\s-root$ or rhizomat\s1 & ! bulb\s4 ,a ?ird division--! fibr\s-root$--is sometimes made4 ,! common & mo/ s]viceable species belong to ! tub]\s-root$ section4 ,"h belongs ! beautiful & v>i$ ,japanese ,iris1 ,iris laevigata 7or ,i4 ,kaempf]i71 :i* is among ! mo/ des]v+ ( all h>dy p]5nials4 ,mo/ ( ^! ,irises ne$ no special c>e4 ,!y are propagat$ by division ( ! root/ocks4 ,plant ! pieces #a foot ap>t if a mass effect is desir$4 ,:5 ! plants beg9 to fail1 dig !m up1 divide ! roots1 disc>d ! old p>ts & gr[ a new /ock1 z be=e4 ,i4 ,susiana1 ( ?is section1 is "o ( ! odde/ ( ,irises1 b x is n q h>dy 9 ! ,nor?4 ,( ! bulb\s section1 mo/ species are n h>dy 9 ! ,nor?4 ,! bulbs %\ld be tak5 up & replant$ e two or ?ree ye>s4 ,! ,p]sian & ,spani% ,irises belong "h4 ,! bulbs give rise to b a s+le /em4 ,,kale4 ,a l[-gr[+1 spread+ plant belong+ to ! cabbage family & ext5sively us$ = w9t] & spr+ gre5s4 ,! same culture z giv5 to late cabbage is suitable4 ,at ! approa* ( sev]e freez+ wea!r a slight protection is giv5 9 ! ,nor?4 ,! leaves rema9 gre5 ?r\gh ! w9t] & may be ga!r$ f "u ! sn[ at a "t :5 mat]ial = gre5s is sc>ce4 ,"s ( ! ,kales are v ornam5tal because ( _! blue & purple curl$ foliage4 ,! ,scot* ,curl$ is ! mo/ popul> v>iety4 ,kales are ext5sively gr[n at ,norfolk1 ,va41 & s\?w>d1 & %ipp$ nor? 9 w9t]4 ,let ! plants /& #ah to #cj in*es ap>t4 ,"y cabbage plants are sometimes us$ z ,kale4 ,see ,coll>ds4 ,borecole is a k9d ( ,kale4 ,sea ,kale is a :olly diff]5t vegetable 7:i* see74 ,,k]os5e is fatal to insects4 ,x is likely to injure plants if appli$ full /r5g?1 al?\gh if appli$ 9 full sunlight 7s t evaporation takes place rapidly7 x may d no h>m4 ,x is safe/ to apply x 9 dilution4 ,( late1 !re are pumps :i* mix or emulsify ,k]os5e & wat] 9 def9ite proportions1 & ?is mixture 79 ! proportion ( #a_/e or #a_/d ,k]os5e7 is fatal to insects & usually h>mless to plants4 ,! /&>d ,k]os5e emulsion is ) soap1 b ! p]fection ( me*anical devices = emulsify+ x ) wat] is probably de/9$ to supplant ! soap emulsion4 ,k]os5e ,emulsion4--,h>d soap1 #a_/b p\nd2 boil+ s(t wat]1 #a gallon2 ,k]os5e1 #b gallons4 ,dissolve ! soap 9 ! wat]1 add ! ,k]os5e1 & *urn ) a pump = #e to #aj m9utes4 ,dilute #aj to #be times be=e apply+4 ,use /rong emulsion1 dilut$ f\r times 9 w9t]1 = all scale insects4 ,= insects :i* suck1 z plant-lice1 mealy bugs1 r$ spid]1 ?rips1 b>k-lice or scale4 ,cabbage-worms1 currant-worms1 & all insects :i* h s(t bodies c also be successfully treat$4 ,,kohlrabi4 ,?is vegetable looks l a leafy turnip gr[+ above gr\nd4 ,if us$ :5 small 7#b to #c in*es 9 diam471 & n all[$ to become h>d & t\gh1 x is ( sup]ior quality4 ,x %\ld be m g5]ally gr[n4 ,! culture is v simple4 ,a succession ( s[+s %\ld be made f e>ly spr+ until ! middle ( summ]1 9 drills #ah in*es to #b feet ap>t1 ?9n+ ! "y plants to #f or #h in*es 9 ! r[s4 ,x matures z quickly z turnips4 ,"o ounce ( se$ to #ajj feet ( drill4 ,illu/ration3 ,lantana ,,lantana is a popul> gre5h\se pot-plant1 & is occasionally se5 9 w9d[-g>d5s1 be+ gr[n = ! pr(usion ( its orange-r$1 heliotrope-%ap$ fl[]s4 ,9 ! ,s\?1 & sometimes 9 ! ,nor?1 x is plant$ out = ! summ]4 ,x is v easy to gr[1 & also to propagate by means ( cutt+s4 ,al?\gh ! fl[]s ( ! common species are ill-sc5t$1 ! pr(usion ( bloom makes x desirable4 ,,l>kspur4 ,,delph9ium4 ,! ,l>kspurs are among ! v be/ h>dy plants1 be+ free-fl[]+ & hav+ a good habit4 ,!y %\ld be 9 e mix$ bord]1 p>ticul>ly ! p]5nial k9ds4 ,! tall fl[]-spikes1 %[+ above ! cut foliage1 give ! plant a /rik+ effect4 ,! fl[]s are 9 %ades ( blue 9 mo/ v>ieties4 ,! plants are propagat$ by division ( root or f se$4 ,! latt] me?od w give good results1 al?\gh ! result+ plants are n likely to be ! same v>iety z ! se$ plant4 ,z w9t] approa*es1 a cov]+ ( co>se litt] %\ld be ?r[n ov] ! cr[ns ( ! p]5nial k9ds4 ,! plants w come into bloom 9 late ,june & cont9ue = a long season4 ,plants %\ld be set #c to #e feet ap>t if 9 r[s1 b !y are se5 to bett] advantage :5 mix$ ) o!r bord] plants4 ,height ( plants f #c to #e feet4 ,! annual ,l>kspur may be gr[n f se$ s[n 9 heat & transplant$ to ! gr\nd 9 ,may2 or se$ may be s[n :]e ! plants are want$ & ! se$l+s ?9n$ to #a foot4 ,^! se$l+s w bloom 9 ,june1 & cont9ue ?r\gh ! summ]4 ,plants gr[ f #h to #ah in*es high4 ,,la?yrus4 ,see ,pea1 ,ev]la/+2 also1 ,sweet ,pea4 ,,lawns4 ,9 ord] to h a good ,lawn1 two ?+s are ess5tial3 fir/1 a pleas+ surface or cont\r2 second1 a d5se1 firm sod4 ,inasmu* z ! ,lawn is1 or %\ld be1 a p]man5t ?+1 x is necess>y t ! greate/ c>e be ex]cis$ to grade ! l& & to ?or\ghly prep>e x be=e any se$s are s[n4 ,ab\t a new build+ ! fill+ %\ld be all[$ to settle1 s t ! f9i%$ surface w slope gradually away f ! f\ndations & ! /eps4 ,if ! l& is v h>d clay1 or if ! place is r l[1 x is always well to lay tile "u-dra9s at frequ5t int]vals4 ,ev]y?+ %\ld be done to cause ! l& to be deep & loose1 s t ! grass roots w run f> into ! soil & n be press$ = lack ( moi/ure 9 a dry "t4 ,if ! l& has n _h applications ( manure 9 rec5t ye>s1 x is well to pl[ 91 or to spade 91 a lib]al quantity ( well-rott$ litt] f ! b>ny>d4 ,"w ?is into ! soil z deeply z possible4 ,if ! h>dpan is r high1 x is well to subsoil ! area or to tr5* x 7t is1 to spade x up two or ?ree spades deep74 ,if ! l& is app>5tly n f]tile 9 plant-food1 x is well to add a dress+ ( "s comm]cial f]tiliz] to ! surface :5 ! grass se$ is s[n4 ,?is w />t ! grass quickly & all[ x to get a foo?old be=e ! sev]e wea!r ( midsumm] comes4 ,illu/ration3 ,x is fun to make a g>d5 ,illu/ration3 ,a g>d5 corn] ,! k9d ( grass se$ to s[ w dep5d ^u ! region & also ^u ! p]sonal ta/es ( ! own]4 ,! "o /&>d ,lawn grass is ,june grass or blue grass 7,poa prat5sis74 ,! se$s ( ?is grass are sold 9 ! hulls1 & !re=e ! bu%el weighs only f\rte5 p\nds4 ,n less ?an two & "o-half to ?ree bu%els %\ld be s[n to ! acre4 ,9 ! s\!rn /ates1 ,june grass w n hold1 & ,b]muda grass is us$1 be+ s[n ab\t z ?ick z recomm5d$ = ! ,june grass4 ,!re are v>i\s prep>$ ,lawn grass mixtures :i* are excell5t1 b ! ,june grass alone w give a v excell5t ,lawn 9 a %ort "t4 ,:e!r "o %all s[ :ite clov] 9 8 ,lawn dep5ds mo/ly ^u 8 p]sonal ta/e4 ,if he likes ! :ite clov]1 x is well to put 9 a qu>t or two ( se$ to ! acre1 s[+ x sep>ately f ! ,june grass 9 ord] to get an ev5 di/ribution4 ,"s p]sons l to see ! :ite clov] 9 c]ta9 p>ts ( ! ,lawn4 ,x ?rives v well :]e ! l& is r moi/4 ,9 p>ts ( ! ,ea/1 ,rhode ,isl& b5t grass is us$ = lawns4 ,illu/ration3 ,a nurs]y ,! grass se$ %\ld be s[n 9 ! cool ( ! ye>4 ,x may be s[n 9 ,septemb] & !reby become e/abli%$ be=e w9t]2 or x may be s[n v e>ly 9 ! spr+4 ,9 newly made ,lawns1 x is a good plan to grade ! area ?or\ghly 9 ! fall1 all[+ x to settle 9 ! w9t]2 & !n1 if ! surface rema9s ev51 to s[ ! grass se$ on "o ( ! late/ sn[s 9 spr+4 ,by s[+ x on ! sn[1 "o c see t x is di/ribut$ ev5ly2 & :5 ! sn[ melts1 ! se$ is c>ri$ into ! l& & does n ne$ cov]+4 ,x is well to s[ ?ree or f\r qu>ts p] acre ( timo?y se$1 = ! timo?y g]m9ates v quickly1 & makes a gre5 area ! fir/ season1 b is kill$ out z soon z ! ,june grass ga9s a foo?old4 ,timo?y w n /& ! cont9u$ cutt+1 :]eas ! ,june grass w4 ,! timo?y1 !re=e1 s]ves z a tempor>y cov]+ to ! l&1 indicat+ :]e ! bord]s are1 & !reby outl9+ ! area = ! ,lawn m[] to cut4 ,! timo?y se$ %\ld be s[n sep>ately f ! ,june grass 9 ord] to insure ev5 di/ribution4 ,on h>d l&s x is well to s[ two or ?ree qu>ts p] acre ( crimson clov] se$4 ,! long roots ( ?is plant t5d to improve ! physical condition ( ! soil2 & :5 !y decay1 !y leave nitrog5 9 ! soil = ! grass to use4 ,s9ce crimson clov] is an annual plant1 x w n d any p]man5t mis*ief 9 ! ,lawn4 ,illu/ration3 ,a lawn1 ) plant+ on ! sides ,! fir/ season ! we$s w probably come up ?ickly1 especially if ! l& is ri*4 ,^! we$s %\ld n be pull$1 = :5ev] "o is pull$ out ( ! gr\nd1 _m grass plants are root$ up & ! surface is made unev54 ,! only way 9 :i* to keep d[n we$s is to m[ !m frequ5tly ) a ,lawn m[]4 ,!y w n appe> 9 any great numb]s ! second ye>1 unless !re %\ld be "s p]5nial we$s1 l d&elion or dock2 & ^! may be pull$ out ! fir/ fall or ! foll[+ spr+4 ,x is r>e t "o secures a p]fectly good & uni=m sod f "o s[+ ( se$2 especially is ?is true if ! soil v>ies 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! area4 ,if ! surface cont\r is satisfactory1 x is unwise to dig up ! areas on :i* ! se$ has n caught4 ,x is be/ to rake !m ov] ) a /eel rake 9 fall or spr+1 s[+ on a little comm]cial f]tiliz] r ri* 9 nitrog51 & s[ m se$4 ,ne>ly e ,lawn w ne$ pat*+ 9 ?is way f ye> to ye>4 ,if ! ,lawn is att5d$ to 9 fall & spr+ by s[+ grass se$1 ! we$s w r>ely d s]i\s mis*ief4 ,:5 we$s are tr\blesome on ! ,lawn1 x means t !re is n suffici5t grass1 & e ef=t %\ld be made to get m grass4 ,!re=e1 :5 ! p]5nial we$s are pull$ out1 s[ m grass se$4 ,illu/ration3 ,a picturesque rill on ! lawn ,:5 n>r[-leav$ planta9 bo!rs1 x is an indication t ! l& is too poor & dry = grass4 ,9 su* cases1 ! l& usually lacks humus or vegetable matt]2 & 9 v>i\s sev]e incursions ( ! planta91 x may be necess>y to spade up ! we$y areas & to "w rott$ manure into ! soil4 ,usually1 h[ev]1 ! planta9 c be kill$ out by enri*+ ! soil & s[+ m grass se$4 ,! common practice ( spr9kl+ ,lawns is ne>ly always p]nici\s1 s9ce ! wat] is n suppli$ 9 suffici5t am\nt to wet d[n v f>1 & ! grass t5ds to make surface roots4 ,:5 ! wat]+ is omitt$ ! plants suff]4 ,! m a ,lawn is spr9kl$1 ! m ! grass dep5ds ^u ! spr9kl+4 ,if x is necess>y to wat] ! ,lawn1 ! wat] %\ld be all[$ to run directly f ! hose until ! surface area is completely soak$4 ,x is be/ to d ?is at nightfall4 ,:5 ! wat] is appli$ by means ( a spr9kl]1 a l>ge "p ( x evaporates & does no good to ! gr\nd4 ,! fundam5tal treatm5t ( ! ,lawn is to h ! l& s deep & por\s t ! grass roots /rike deep into ! soil & d n ne$ ! surface wat]4 ,a ,lawn :i* is well made w ne$ wat]+ only 9 unusually dry times4 ,m[ ! ,lawn frequ5tly :5 x is gr[+ rapidly1--9 spr+ & e>ly summ]4 ,9 ! fall m[ less frequ5tly1 & let x g into ! w9t] ) a long coat ( grass4 ,if ! ,lawn is m[n z (t5 z is ne$$1 x w n be necess>y to rake (f ! trimm+s4 ,9 fall1 top-dress ! ,lawn ) comm]cial f]tiliz] at ! rate ( #ejj p\nds to ! acre4 ,if ! ,lawn has n be5 rak$ clean ( all ! trimm+s & decay$ refuse :i* cov]s ! surface ( ! gr\nd1 x is n necess>y to dress x ) /able manure2 = manure is unsightly1 unsavory1 & (t5 br+s 9 we$s4 ,_m p]sons make ! mi/ake ( rak+ ! ,lawn clean 9 late fall4 ,closely associat$ ) ! mak+ ( ! ,lawn is ! g5]al arrangem5t ( ! plant+4 ,x is ! common fault to scatt] ! plant+4 ,mu* bett] effects are secur$ by mass+ or gr\p+ ! plant+4 ,see ,bord]s & ,fl[] ,b$s4 ,p>ticul>ly along ! b\nd>ies & ab\t ! f\ndations ( build+s1 ! %rubb]y & o!r plants may be mass$ to excell5t effect4 ,9 l>ge places !re %\ld be m or less mass plant+ along ! walks & drives4 ,9 ! curves & retreats ( ^! plant+s "o w f9d _m pleasant corn]s2 & "h ! *ildr5 may h _! play-h\ses & _! pets4 ,a little brook w9d+ across a corn] or along "o side ( a ,lawn may make a pleasant picture if x is all[$ to take on a half-wild "*4 ,illu/ration3 ,a lay] ,,lay]s are p>ts 7usually /ems7 ( plants laid d[n on ! e>? :ile /ill atta*$ to ! p>5t1 ) ! expectation t !y w take root & c !n be sep>at$ z indep5d5t plants4 ,all v9e-l plants c be propagat$ readily by means ( ,lay]s2 s c mo/ s(t-wood$ plants1 z will[s1 maples1 currants1 etc4 ,x is usual to put d[n ! bran*es 9 ! fall4 ,9 a ye> !y %\ld be ready to be sev]$ f ! p>5t4 ,!y may also be made 9 spr+1 be=e gr[? />ts4 ,see t ! lay]$ "p re/s 9 moi/ e>?4 ,usually roots arise m freely if ! %oot is crack$ or not*$ at ! buri$ po9t4 ,! ,lay] may be held d[n by a =k$ /ick 7pegg$ d[n71 or by a /one or clod4 ,see t ! %oot does n ?r[ up suck]s beh9d ! lay]$ "p4 ,illu/ration3 ,sev]al lay]s f "o v9e ,,leek4 ,?is belongs to ! onion family1 & is us$ mo/ly z flavor+ = s\ps4 ,well gr[n ,leeks h a v agreeable & n v /rong onion flavor4 ,leek is ( ! easie/ culture1 & is usually gr[n z a second crop1 to foll[ beets1 e>ly peas1 & o!r e>ly /uff4 ,! se$ %\ld be s[n 9 a se$-b$ 9 ,april or e>ly ,may & ! se$l+s plant$ out 9 ! g>d5 9 ,july1 9 r[s #b feet ap>t1 ! plants be+ #f in*es ap>t 9 ! r[s4 ,! plants %\ld be set deep if ! neck or l[] "p ( ! leaves is to be us$ 9 a blan*$ condition4 ,! soil may be drawn t[>ds ! plants 9 hoe+1 to fur!r ! blan*+4 ,be+ v h>dy1 ! plants may be dug 9 late fall1 & /or$ 9 ! same mann] z cel]y1 9 tr5*es or 9 a cool root-cell>4 ,"o ounce ( se$ to #ajj feet ( drill4 ,,lettuce is probably ! mo/ ext5sively gr[n salad vegetable4 ,x is n[ 9 dem&1 & is procurable1 e mon? 9 ! ye>4 ,! w9t] & e>ly spr+ crops are gr[n 9 =c+-h\ses & coldframes1 b a supply f ! g>d5 may be _h f ,april to ,novemb]1 by ! use ( a *eap frame 9 :i* to gr[ ! fir/ & la/ crops1 rely+ on a succession ( s[+s = ! int]m$iate supply4 ,se$ = ! fir/ crop may be s[n 9 a coldframe 9 ,m>*1 gr[+ ! crop ?ick & hav+ _m plants :i* are small & t5d]2 or1 by ?9n+ out to ! di/ance ( #c in*es & all[+ ! plants to make a l>g] gr[?1 ! plants pull$ up may be set 9 ! op5 gr\nd = ! next crop4 ,s[+s %\ld be made 9 ! g>d5 f ,april to ,octob]1 at %ort int]vals4 ,a moi/ location %\ld be select$ = ! ,july & ,augu/ s[+s4 ,! e>ly & late s[+s %\ld be ( "s loose-gr[+ v>iety1 z !y are 9 edible condition soon] ?an ! cabbage or head+ v>ieties4 ,illu/ration3 ,plant ( head+ lettuce ,! cabbage v>ieties are f> sup]ior to ! loose-gr[+ k9ds = salads4 ,to be gr[n to p]fection1 !y %\ld h v ri* soil1 frequ5t cultivation & an occasional /imulant1 su* z liquid manure or nitrate ( soda4 ,! ,cos ,lettuce is an upright-gr[+ type mu* e/eem$ 9 ,europe1 b less gr[n "h4 ,! leaves ( ! full gr[n plants are ti$ toge!r1 ?us blan*+ ! c5t]1 mak+ x a desirable salad or g>ni%+ v>iety4 ,x ?rives be/ 9 summ]4 ,"o ounce ( se$ w gr[ #c1jjj plants or s[ #ajj feet ( drill4 ,9 ! g>d51 plants may /& #f in*es ap>t 9 ! r[s1 & ! r[s may be z close toge!r z ! sy/em ( tillage w all[4 ,,lily4 ,bulb\s plants ( _m k9ds4 ,x has be5 said ( ?is family ( plants t x has no poor relations1 ea* ( !m be+ p]fect 9 itself4 ,_m ( ! *oice/ k9ds are comp>atively unkn[n1 al?\gh easy to cultivate4 ,9 fact1 all ( ! ,lilies may be gr[n ) comp>ative ease4 ,a light1 ri*1 well-dra9$ soil1 mell[ to ! dep? ( at lea/ #a foot1 a h&ful ( s& "u ea* bulb if ! soil is incl9$ to be /iff1 & plant+ s t ! cr[n ( ! bulb w be at lea/ #d in*es bel[ ! surface1 are ! g5]al requirem5ts4 ,"o exception to ! dep? ( plant+ is ,lilium auratum1 or ,gold5-,b&$ ,lily4 ,?is %\ld be plant$ deep]--at lea/ #h in*es bel[ ! surface--z ! new bulbs =m ov] ! old "o & soon br+ ! bulbs to ! surface if !y are n plant$ deep4 ,:ile ,lilies may h p>tial %ade1 !y %\ld nev] be plant$ ne> or "u trees4 ,! %ade or protection ( tall-gr[+1 h]bace\s plants is suffici5t4 ,9 fact1 ! be/ results1 bo? z to gr[? & effect1 may be _h by plant+ among/ l[ %rubb]y or bord] plants4 ,mo/ k9ds are ! bett] = rema9+ undi/urb$ = a numb] ( ye>s2 b if !y are to be tak5 up & divid$1 or mov$ to o!r qu>t]s1 !y %\ld n be all[$ to become dry4 ,! small bulbs1 or (fsets1 may be plant$ 9 ! bord]1 & if protect$ w gr[ to fl[]+ size 9 two or ?ree ye>s4 ,9 tak+ up bulbs = division x is be/ to d s soon aft] ! tops die aft] bloom+4 ,at lea/ ?is %\ld be done e>ly 9 ! fall1 n lat] ?an ,octob]1 giv+ ! plants a *ance to become e/abli%$ be=e freez+ wea!r4 ,a mul* ( co>se litt] or ev]gre5 b\ghs %\ld be plac$ ov] ! bulbs aft] ! gr\nd has become froz51 to be gradually remov$ z ! spr+ advances4 ,illu/ration3 ,ea/] ,lily ,z pot-plants "s ,lilies are v satisfactory1 especially ^? t may be =c$ into bloom ?r\gh ! w9t]4 ,! be/ k9ds = ?is purpose are ,l4 ,h>risii 7,ea/] ,lily71 ,l4 longiflorum1 & ,l4 c&idum4 ,o!rs may be =c$ ) success1 b ^! are ! ones mo/ g5]ally us$4 ,! w9t] culture ( ^! = =c+ is ! same z = ,hyac9?s 79 pots71 :i* see4 ,! article on ,bulbs gives directions = bo? outdoor & indoor gr[+ :i* are directly applicable to ,lilies4 ,,lily1 ,,*9ese ,,sacr$4 ,see ,n>cissus4 ,,lily-,,(-,,!-,,valley4 ,a p]fectly h>dy little plant1 be>+ racemes ( small :ite bell-%ap$ fl[]s 9 e>ly spr+4 ,= ord9>y cultivation1 sods or mats ( roots may be dug f any place 9 :i* ! plant is coloniz$4 ,usually x ?rives be/ 9 p>tial %ade2 & ! leaves make an attractive mat on ! nor? side ( a build+1 or o!r %ady place1 9 :i* grass w n gr[4 ,! plants w take c>e ( !mselves ye> aft] ye>4 ,= =c+ indoors1 import$ roots or pips are us$1 z ! plants are gr[n = ?is p>ticul> purpose 9 p>ts ( ,europe4 ,^! roots may be plant$ 9 pots1 & treat$ z recomm5d$ = w9t]-fl[]+ bulbs1 "u ,bulbs4 ,flori/s =ce !m 9 great] heat1 h[ev]1 (t5 giv+ !m a bottom heat ( #hj deg4 or #ij deg42 b skill & exp]i5ce are requir$ 9 ord] to atta9 uni=mly good results 9 ?is case4 ,,l9e4 ,a g>d5 ,l9e is "o ( ! mo/ conv5i5t ?+s connect$ ) g>d5 op]ations4 ,x is always want$ :5 long r[s ( se$ are to be s[n1 & x is also necess>y 9 lay+ out walks or drives4 ,a v simple1 yet h&y1 hold] = a l9e is %[n on ! m>g94 ,! p9 is driv5 9 ! soil at ! />t+ po9t1 & ! l9e is unw\nd z ! op]ator walks t[>ds ! end ( ! r[4 ,a l9e %\ld be #ajj feet long = common g>d5 op]ations4 ,illu/ration3 ,a g>d5 ,l9e ,,lobelia4 ,"s ( ^! are well-kn[n g>d5 plants1 be+ us$ v freely z edg+ = ribbon b$s or basket plants4 ,!y require a loose1 ri* soil1 & "s /imulant :5 9 full fl[]4 ,! fl[]s cont9ue ?r\gh a long season4 ,!y propagate freely f se$4 ,lobelia ,er9us1 9 blue1 #f in*es high1 is "o ( ! mo/ popul> ( all annual edg+ plants4 ,9 ,europe v>i\s p]5nial ,lobelias are popul>1 b !y are seldom se5 9 ,am]ican g>d5s4 ,,london ,,purple4 ,discuss$ "u ,p>is ,gre54 ,,love-,,lies-,,ble$+4 ,see ,am>antus4 ,,manure adds plant-food to ! soil1 & x also improves ! texture or physical condition ( ! soil4 ,?is latt] effect is (t5 its greate/ value4 ,if "o wants m]e plant-food alone1 he may (t5 d bett] to add x 9 "s m conc5trat$ =m4 ,see ,f]tiliz]s4 ,manure1 :5 ?or\ghly incorporat$ ) ! soil1 makes ! gr\nd cong5ial = ! plant4 ,x is important1 9 g>d5 op]ations1 t ! ,manure be rott$ or compo/$1 or %ort or f9e1 z ! g>d5]s say4 ,x !n incorporates readily ) ! soil & quickly gives up its f]tility4 ,manure is compo/$ by lett+ x decay 9 piles4 ,! compo/ pile %\ld be flat on top1 s t x w cat* ! ra9s1 & #c to #e feet high4 ,! mo/ desirable ,manure = ! g>d5 & = h\se plants is probably old c[ ,manure4 ,x does n burn or lose its /r5g?4 ,x may be kept = a numb] ( ye>s if pil$ "u %elt]1 becom+ m available ea* ye>4 ,x mixes well ) soil & leaf-mold4 ,:5 once rott$1 ?is manure is v la/+ & easily assimilat$ by plants4 ,horse ,manure is v likely to become ov]heat$1 & to lose its value2 & x is too loose & dry = _m purposes4 ,pig ,manure1 unless well compo/$ ) soil or refuse1 is usually too heavy & ri*4 ,%eep ,manure is at its be/ :5 us$ 9 a liquid =m1 al?\gh x is mo/ excell5t to mix ) soil to loos5 x4 ,all g>d5 refuse1 su* z v9es1 leaves1 decay+ vegetables1 w make ,manure if compo/$ ) soil2 & if ! wa% wat] is ?r[n on ! compo/ pile mu* f]tility w be add$4 ,wood a%es f /oves1 ! *ip dirt f ! wood%$--9 fact1 almo/ any sub/ance t w decay--w furni% plant-food1 & %\ld be add$ to ! compo/ pile4 ,?is pile %\ld be turn$ (t51 to mix ! mat]ial4 ,:5 practicable1 x is be/ to apply ,manure 9 ! fall1 z x !n has "t to become incorporat$ ) ! soil be=e spr+4 ,b$s :i* are to be us$ = fl[]s next ye> may be dress$ ) ,manure 9 ! fall & deeply spad$1 leav+ ! surface r\gh & loose4 ,x is well to be c>eful t ! ,manure does n conta9 we$ se$s4 ,,m>igold4 ,! ,m>igolds ( ! old-fa%ion$ g>d5s are /ill among ! be/ ( plants = fall color4 ,!y are h>dy annuals ( ! easie/ culture1 & are always c]ta9 ( giv+ /rong & excell5t results4 ,!y h be5 mu* improv$ ( late ye>s4 ,! old-fa%ion$ ,african ,m>igolds gr[ #b to #c feet high1 & !y are useful = scatt]+ 9 mix$ bord]s or mak+ l>ge masses or displays ( color 9 ! remot] p>ts ( ! place4 ,! ,fr5* or dw>f ,m>igolds gr[ ab\t #a foot high & are m tufty 9 _! habit4 ,!y are bett] adapt$ = edg+s ?an = mass effects 9 ! ma9 p>ts ( ! gr\nds4 ,all ,m>igolds may be s[n :]e ! plants are to /&1 s9ce ! fl[]s are usually n want$ until late summ] or e>ly fall1 at :i* "t !y usually give _! be/ bloom4 ,if !y are want$ e>li]1 h[ev]1 ! se$s may be />t$ 9 ! h\se or hotb$4 ,tall v>ieties may be all[$ to /& f #aj to #ah in*es ap>t & ! dw>fs at some:at less di/ances4 ,,mat?iola w be f\nd "u ,/ocks4 ,,mignonette4 ,probably no fl[] is m g5]ally gr[n = its fragrance ?an ?is4 ,! ,mignonette ne$s a cool soil1 only mod]ately ri*1 %ade "p ( ! day1 & c>eful att5tion to cutt+ ! fl[]-/alks be=e ! se$s are ripe4 ,if a s[+ be made 9 late ,april1 foll[$ by a second s[+ 9 e>ly ,july1 ! season may be ext5d$ until sev]e fro/s4 ,!re are few fl[]s t w prove z disappo9t+ if ! treatm5t x ne$s is omitt$4 ,height #a to #b feet4 ,treat$ z a half-h>dy annual4 ,x c be s[n 9 pots late 9 summ] & _h 9 ! h\se 9 w9t]4 ,,moon-,,fl[]s are species ( ,morn+-,glories t op5 _! fl[]s at night4 ,a well-gr[n plant tra9$ ov] a por* trellis1 or all[$ to gr[ at r&om ov] a l[ tree or %rub1 is a /rik+ object :5 9 full fl[] at dusk or ?r\gh a moonlit ev5+4 ,9 ! s\!rn /ates ! ,moon-,fl[] is a p]5nial1 b ev5 :5 well protect$ does n survive ! w9t]s 9 ! ,nor?4 ,cutt+s may be made be=e dang] ( fro/ & w9t]$ 9 ! h\se1 or ! plants may be gr[n f se$ s[n 9 ,janu>y or ,febru>y4 ,cutt+s usually give be/ results 9 ! nor!rn /ates1 z ! seasons are n long en\gh = se$ plants to give good bloom4 ,se$s %\ld be scald$ or fil$ j be=e s[+4 ,! true ,moon-,fl[] is ,ipomoea ,bona-,nox1 :ite-fl[]$2 b !re are o!r k9ds4 ,?is gr[s #bj to #cj feet :]e ! seasons are long en\gh4 ,illu/ration3 ,morn+-,glories ,,morn+-,,glory is p]haps ! mo/ popul> ( all tw9+ h]bs1 because ( ! ease ) :i* x may be gr[n1 ! quickness ) :i* x cov]s ! object1 & ! quantities ( bright1 *e]ful fl[]s x be>s4 ,_m ( ! k9ds--9 fact all t are g5]ally kn[n--may be readily gr[n f se$1 fl[]+ e>ly 9 ! summ]4 ,t5d] annuals4 ,give ri* soil & pl5ty ( wat]4 ,! beautiful cypress v9e belongs to ?is gr\p4 ,x requires ! same treatm5t z ! ,morn+-,glory1 b ! se$s %\ld be scald$ j previ\s to s[+4 ,dw>f ,morn+-,glories 7,convolvulus tricolor74 ,!y come into fl[] mu* soon] ?an ! tall climb+ v>ieties1 & are cov]$ ) fl[]s ?r\gh a long season4 ,!y may be us$ ) f9e effect 9 vases or l>ge hang+ baskets4 ,give a full sunny exposure4 ,may ?rive on soil t is n v ri*4 ,!y gr[ #a foot high4 ,half-h>dy annuals4 ,,mulb]ry4 ,bo? = fruit & ornam5t ! ,mulb]ry %\ld be m g5]ally plant$4 ,ev5 if ! fruit is n to ! ta/e1 ! tree is naturally op5-c5t]$ & r\nd-head$1 & is an int]e/+ subject2 "s ( ! v>ieties h f9ely cut leaves4 ,! fruits are 9 great dem& by ! birds1 & aft] !y beg9 to rip5 ! /rawb]ry b$s & *]ry trees are free f rob9s & o!r fruit-eat+ birds4 ,= ?is reason alone !y are a valuable tree = ! fruit-gr[]4 ,trees may be pur*as$ *eap] ?an "o c propagate !m4 ,if plant$ 9 or*>d =m1 place !m #be to #cj feet ap>t4 ,ab\t ! bord]s ( a place !y c g clos]4 ,! ,russian v>ieties are (t5 plant$ = w9dbreaks1 = !y are v h>dy & ?rive "u ! greate/ neglect2 & = ?is purpose !y may be plant$ #h to #bj feet ap>t4 ,! ,russians make excell5t scre5s4 ,!y /& clipp+ well4 ,new ,am]ican1 ,tr[bridge & ,?orburn are lead+ k9ds ( fruit-be>+ ,mulb]ries = ! ,nor?4 ,! true ,d[n+ is n h>dy 9 ! nor!rn /ates2 b ,new ,am]ican is (t5 sold "u ?is "n4 ,mulb]ries ?rive 9 any good soil1 & ne$ no special treatm5t4 ,,mul* is us$ bo? 9 protect+ plants f ! sev]e freez+ ( w9t] & ! sev]e dr\ght ( summ]4 ,! same mat]ial may be us$ 9 ei!r case1 al?\gh x is n[ consid]$ be/ to make an e>? ,mul* to prev5t evaporation & reta9 ! moi/ure ?r\gh ! dry season4 ,?is e>? ,mul* is made by break+ ! cru/ ( ! soil & leav+ x 9 f9e p>ticles4 ,?is may be done ) a horse cultivator1 a hoe or a rake4 ,9 fact1 any tool :i* leaves ! top ( ! soil loose w be in/rum5tal 9 prev5t+ evaporation ( soil wat]4 ,see ,tillage4 ,! ,mul*+ ( ! gr\nd ar\nd blackb]ries1 currants1 gooseb]ries1 or raspb]ries ) /raw or hay is (t5 practic$ to keep ! fruits clean2 & ! w9t] ,mul* ( /rawb]ry b$s is us$ betwe5 ! r[s = ! same purpose1 z well z to reta9 moi/ure & to af=d w9t] protection4 ,w9t] ,mul* usually consi/s ( leaves1 /raw1 hay1 r\gh manure1 b\ghs ( ev]gre5s1 or any co>se mat]ial t w protect ! plants f sev]e freez+ & ! heav+ caus$ by alt]nate freez+ & ?aw+4 ,?is w9t] ,mul* %\ld be remov$ z spr+ advances1 unless x is ( su* a "* z to be work$ into ! soil to add f]tility or to loos5 heavy l&s4 ,ne> ! seacoa/ salt hay is consid]$ to be an ideal ,mul*4 ,! w9t] ,mul* mu/ n conta9 too /rong or heavy manures1 or plants may be injur$ by ! lea*+4 ,= fl[] bord]s & %rubb]y1 muck or peat makes a good w9t] ,mul*4 ,ord9>ily ! ,mul* may be plac$ on to ! dep? ( #d to #f in*es1 & if x is ( loose mat]ial x may be /ill deep]4 ,if dry & loose1 mice may ne/ 9 x & girdle ! trees or bu%es4 ,ev5 p]fectly h>dy plants are b5efit$ by a w9t] ,mul*1 because x improves ! soil4 ,autumn leaves1 z !y drift into %rubb]ies1 make an ideal ,mul*2 x is n always necess>y to remove ^! leaves4 ,see ,lawn4 ,,mu%room4 ,!re is no sci5ce ( ,mu%room gr[+4 ,c]ta9 conditions h be5 f\nd to give success1 b x is n kn[n :y4 ,^! conditions may be imitat$ ev] s closely & complete failure result4 ,!re are _m sy/ems advis$1 ea* sy/em ! result ( somebody's success2 b "o _c be sure ( success by foll[+ any "o ( !m4 ,good results are frequ5tly atta9$ :5 all rules are brok54 ,! foll[+ p>agraphs are f ,f>m]s' ,bullet91 ,no4 #ec 7by ,william ,falcon]71 ( ! ,u4 ,s4 ,dept4 ( ,agriculture 7,m>*1 #ahig73 ,mu%rooms are a w9t] crop1 com+ 9 f ,septemb] till ,april or ,may--t is1 ! "w ( prep>+ ! manure beg9s 9 ,septemb] & ends 9 ,febru>y1 & ! pack+ ( ! crop beg9s 9 ,octob] or ,novemb] & ends 9 ,may4 ,"u extraord9>y conditions ! season may beg9 e>li] & la/ long]1 &1 9 fact1 x may cont9ue all summ]4 ,mu%rooms c be gr[n almo/ any:]e out ( doors1 & also indoors :]e !re is a dry bottom 9 :i* to set ! b$s1 :]e a uni=m & mod]ate temp]ature c be ma9ta9$1 & :]e ! b$s c be protect$ f wet ov]head1 & f w9ds1 dr\ght1 & direct sun%9e4 ,among ! mo/ desirable places 9 :i* to gr[ ,mu%rooms are b>ns1 cell>s1 clos$ tunnels1 %$s1 pits1 gre5h\ses1 & regul> ,mu%room h\ses4 ,total d>kness is n imp]ative1 = ,mu%rooms gr[ well 9 op5 light if %ad$ f sun%9e4 ,! temp]ature & moi/ure are m apt to be equable 9 d>k places ?an 9 op51 light ones1 & x is l>gely = ?is reason t ,mu%room h\ses are kept d>k4 ,illu/ration3 ,mu%room ,! be/ f]tiliz] = ,mu%rooms1 s f> z ! writ]'s exp]i5ce goes1 is fre% horse manure4 ,get toge!r a lot ( ?is mat]ial 7%ort & /rawy7 t has be5 well trampl$ & wett$ 9 ! /able4 ,?r[ x into a heap1 wet x well if x is at all dry1 & let x heat4 ,:5 x beg9s to /eam turn x ov]1 %ake x well s z to mix ?or\ghly & ev5ly1 & !n tramp x d[n solid4 ,aft] ?is let x /& till x aga9 gets q w>m1 !n turn1 %ake1 trample z be=e1 & add wat] freely if x is gett+ dry4 ,repeat ?is turn+1 moi/5+ & trampl+ z (t5 z x is ne$ful to keep ! manure f burn+4 ,if x gets int5sely hot1 spread x out to cool1 aft] :i* aga9 ?r[ x toge!r4 ,aft] be+ turn$ 9 ?is way sev]al times1 & ! heat 9 x is n apt to rise above #acj deg4 ,f41 x %\ld be ready to make up 9 ! b$s4 ,by add+ to ! manure at ! second or ?ird turn+ "o-f\r? or "o-fif? ( its bulk ( loam1 ! t5d5cy to int5se heat+ is less5$ & its usefulness n at all impair$4 ,"s gr[]s pref] %ort manure exclusively1 t is1 ! horse dropp+s1 :ile o!rs l a good deal ( /raw mix$ 9 ) ?is4 ,! writ]'s exp]i5ce1 h[ev]1 is t1 if prop]ly prep>$1 x matt]s little :i* is us$4 ,ord9>ily ! b$s are only #h to #aj in*es deep2 t is1 !y are fac$ ) #aj-;in*-wide hemlock bo>ds1 & are only ! dep? ( ?is bo>d4 ,9 su* b$s put a lay] ( fre%1 moi/1 hot manure1 & trample x d[n firm until x con/itutes half ! dep? ( ! b$2 !n fill up ) ! prep>$ manure1 :i* %\ld be r cool 7#ajj deg4 to #aae deg4 ,f47 :5 us$1 & pack all firmly4 ,if desir$1 ! b$s c be made up entirely ( ! prep>$ manure4 ,%elf b$s are usually #i in*es deep2 t is1 ! %elf is bottom$ ) #a-;in* bo>ds & fac$ ) #aj-;in*-wide bo>ds4 ,?is all[s ab\t #h in*es = manure1 & #a in* ris+ to #b in*es ( loam on top4 ,9 fill+ ! %elf b$s ! bottom half may be ( fre%1 moi/ or wetti%1 hot manure1 pack$ d[n solid1 & ! top half ( r cool prep>$ manure1 or x may be made up ( all prep>$ manure4 ,z ! %elf b$s c n be trodd5 & c n be beat5 v firm ) ! back ( ! =k1 a brick is us$ 9 addition to ! =k4 ,! b$s %\ld be spawn$ aft] ! heat 9 !m has fall5 bel[ #ajj deg4 ,f4 ,! writ] consid]s #ij deg4 ,f4 ab\t ! be/ temp]ature = spawn+4 ,if ! b$s h be5 cov]$ ) hay1 /raw1 litt] or mats1 ^! %\ld be remov$4 ,break ea* brick into twelve or fifte5 pieces4 ,! r[s %\ld be1 say1 #a foot ap>t1 ! fir/ "o be+ #f in*es f ! edge1 & ! pieces %\ld be #i in*es ap>t 9 ! r[4 ,comm5c+ ) ! fir/ r[1 lift up ea* piece1 raise #b to #c in*es ( ! manure ) ! h&1 & into ?is hole place ! piece1 cov]+ ov] tightly ) ! manure4 ,:5 ! entire b$ is spawn$ pack ! surface all ov]4 ,x is well to cov] ! b$s aga9 ) /raw1 hay or mats1 to keep ! surface equally moi/4 ,! flake spawn is plant$ 9 ! same way z ! brick spawn1 only n q s deep4 ,at ! end ( eight or n9e days ! mul*+ %\ld be remov$ & ! b$s cov]$ ) a lay] ( good loam #b in*es ?ick1 s t ! ,mu%rooms c come up 9 & ?r\gh x4 ,?is gives !m a firm hold1 & to a l>ge ext5t improves _! quality & texture4 ,any fair loam w d4 ,t f an ord9>y field1 wayside or g>d5 is g5]ally us$1 & x answ]s admirably4 ,!re exi/s an idea t g>d5 soil surfeit$ ) old manure is unfit = ,mu%room b$s because x is apt to produce spuri\s fungi4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is n ! case4 ,9 fact1 x is ! e>? mo/ commonly us$4 ,= mold+ ! b$s ! loam %\ld be r f9e1 free & mell[1 s t x c be easily & ev5ly spread & compact$ firmly into ! manure4 ,if an ev5 atmosph]ic temp]ature ( f #ee deg4 to #fj deg4 ,f4 c be ma9ta9$1 & ! h\se or cell> conta9+ ! ,mu%room b$s is kept close & free f drafts1 ! b$s may be left uncov]$1 & %\ld be wat]$ if !y become dry4 ,b no matt] :]e ! b$s are situat$1 x is well to lay "s loose hay or /raw or "s old matt+ or c>pet ov] !m to keep !m moi/4 ,! cov]+1 h[ev]1 %\ld be remov$ j z soon z ! "y ,mu%rooms beg9 to appe> above gr\nd4 ,if ! atmosph]e is dry1 ! pa?ways & walls %\ld be spr9kl$ ) wat]4 ,! mul*+ %\ld also be spr9kl$1 b n en\gh to cause ! wat] to soak into ! b$4 ,h[ev]1 if ! b$ %\ld get dry1 d n hesitate to wat] x4 ,,muskmelon4 ,! natural soil = melons is a light1 s&y loam1 well enri*$ ) rott$ manure1 al?\gh good crops may be gr[n on soil naturally heavy if ! hills are prep>$ z !y %\ld be4 ,:5 only heavy soil is available1 ! dirt :]e ! se$s are to be plant$ %\ld be ?or\ghly pulv]iz$ & mix$ ) f9e1 well rott$ manure4 ,a spr9kl+ ( leaf-mold or *ip-dirt w help to light5 x4 ,on ?is hill f t5 to fifte5 se$s may be s[n1 ?9n+ to f\r or five v9es :5 dang] ( insects is ov]4 ,! season may be advanc$ & ! damage f insects less5$ by />t+ ! plants 9 hotb$s4 ,?is may be done by us+ fre% sod1 cut into #f-;in* pieces1 plac+ !m grass-side d[n 9 ! hotb$1 s[+ eight to t5 se$s on ea* piece1 & cov]+ ) #b in*es ( light soil4 ,:5 all dang] ( fro/ is ov]1 & ! gr\nd has become w>m1 ^! sods may be c>efully lift$ & set 9 ! prep>$ hills4 ,! plants usually gr[ )\t *eck1 & fruit f two to f\r weeks ahead ( ^? f se$ plant$ directly 9 ! hill4 ,old qu>t b]ry boxes are excell5t to plant se$s 91 z1 :5 !y are set 9 ! gr\nd1 !y v quickly decay1 caus+ no re/riction to ! roots4 ,nett$ ,gem1 ,hack5sack1 ,em]ald ,gem1 ,montreal1 ,osage1 & ! ,nutmeg ,melon are popul> v>ieties4 ,"o ounce ( se$ w plant ab\t fifty hills4 ,illu/ration3 ,muskmelon ,= insects1 see ,cucumb]4 ,,musk ,,plant is an old-fa%ion$ h\se plant ( easy culture4 ,raise a new /ock f se$s z soon z ! plants beg9 to fail4 ,,n>cissus4 ,h>dy bulb\s plants1 includ+ ! daffodils1 jonquils1 & o!r =ms4 ,! ease ) :i* ^! plants may be gr[n1 ! beauty & fragrance ( ! fl[]s1 z well z _! la/+ qualities :5 cut1 w\ld seem to make _! culture 9 ?is c\ntry m popul> ?an x is4 ,good bulbs plant$ 9 ,septemb] or ,octob] are sure to bloom 9 ,april or ,may4 ,! bulbs may rema9 9 ! gr\nd = a numb] ( ye>s1 al?\gh ! be/ results w be _h by digg+ !m up e ?ree ye>s1 & resett+ 9 a diff]5t location4 ,select a moi/1 loamy soil1 slightly protect$ f ! sun4 ,no manure %\ld come directly 9 contact ) ! bulb1 b if ne$$ to hold moi/ure ! manure may be spad$ d[n to ! dep? ( twelve in*es4 ,illu/ration3 ,n>cissus ,n>cissus may be =c$ into fl[] ?r\gh ! w9t]1 z describ$ "u ,bulbs4 ,! mo/ popul> = w9t] bloom is ! ,*9ese ,sacr$ ,lily4 ,?is gr[s 9 wat] )\t any soil :atev]4 ,secure a b[l or glass di%1 ab\t ?ree times ! size ( ! bulb2 put "s pretty /ones 9 ! bottom2 set 9 ! bulb & build up ar\nd x ) /ones s z to hold x /iff :5 ! leaves h gr[n2 tuck two or ?ree small pieces ( *>coal among ! /ones to keep ! wat] sweet1 !n fill up ! di% ) wat] & add a little e few days1 z x evaporates4 ,set ! di% 9 a w>m1 light place4 ,9 ab\t six weeks ! fragrant1 f9e :ite fl[]s w fill ! room ) p]fume4 ,illu/ration3 ,na/urtium ,,na/urtiums 7,tropaeolums7 are bo? dw>f & climb+4 ,! ,dw>f ,na/urtiums make "o ( ! mo/ %[y second-r[ plants = ! bord]4 ,! colors ( ! fl[]s h a wide range & ! plants bloom pr(usely4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 ! plant 9 fl[] t is ! greate/ consid]ation1 b ! fl[]s !mselves z cut-fl[]s4 ,no fl[] makes a f9] display 9 vase or b[l ?an ^! ri* colors1 all h>moniz+ well & light+ up a room z v few ( ! common easily gr[n fl[]s d4 ,! same may be said ( ! tall-gr[+ ,na/urtiums1 al?\gh ! fl[]s ( ^! =m "p ( _! effectiv5ess z scre5 v9es4 ,few climb]s make a m rapid gr[?1 & none are bett] adapt$ to hide unsightly objects 9 our y>ds or g>d5s4 ,illu/ration3 ,dw>f ,na/urtium ,= a long season ( fl[]s & a l>ge gr[? ( v9e ! se$ %\ld be s[n late 9 ,m>* or e>ly 9 ,april1 9 boxes or pots1 ! plants c>ri$ along until ! fir/ ( ,may1 & plant$ out :]e want$4 ,! dw>f v>ieties bloom m freely & ! fl[]s are ( bett] color 9 r poor soils1 :ile = rapid gr[? ( v9e a well enri*$ bord] w\ld be ! be/4 ,! dw>f v>ieties may be plant$ #b or #c feet ap>t1 & ! tall ones z want$ to make a scre54 ,! tall k9ds gr[ #e to #h feet4 ,all ,na/urtiums are t5d]4 ,,nicotiana4 ,t5d] annuals 7or gr[n z annuals74 ,!y are f9e plants = bord]s or pots1 ! tall-gr[+ v>ieties mak+ a v f9e %[ :5 9 fl[]1 hav+ pure :ite fl[]s ) long1 tubul> necks1 ! season ( bloom be+ f ,july to ,octob]4 ,! se$s are v f9e1 & %\ld be s[n on ! surface ( ! soil1 9 boxes or pots4 ,:5 plant$ out !y %\ld be set f #b to #e feet ap>t1 accord+ to k9d4 ,"s ( ! giant ,nicotianas are excell5t subjects = tempor>y scre5s2 s is tobacco1 :i* is also a ,nicotiana4 ,illu/ration3 ,nicotiana aff9is ,nicotiana aff9is is "o ( ! be/ ( all g>d5 fl[]s4 ,its long :ite fl[]s are fragrant at ev5+4 ,!y close 9 ! hot sun4 ,x is a half-h>dy annual ( easie/ culture4 ,height #b to #c feet4 ,oe,n,o,t,h,e,r,a4 ,,ev5+ ,,primrose4 ,a v int]e/+ gr\p ( plants1 op5+ _! fl[]s at ev5+4 ,_m ( !m are fragrant & attract night insects1 especially ! l>ge mo?s1 seldom se5 until dusk4 ,! op5+ ( ! fl[]s ( ! l>ge-fl[]+ v>ieties is a s\rce ( pleasure & surprise1 z "o fl[] foll[s ano!r 9 op5+1 & 9 a l>ge plant ! late op5+ fl[]s seem to bur/ all at "o "t4 ,! p]5nial species may be propagat$ by division or se$1 ! annuals by se$4 ,set ! tall k9ds #b to #c feet ap>t4 ,height #a to #c feet4 ,all ( easy culture4 ,illu/ration3 ,okra or ,gumbo ,,okra4 ,f ! gre5 pods ( ?is vegetable is made ! well-kn[n ,gumbo s\p ( ! ,s\?1 :]e ! plant is m ext5sively gr[n ?an 9 ! ,nor?4 ,! pods are also us$ 9 _! gre5 /ate = /ews1 & are dri$ & us$ 9 w9t]1 :5 !y are nutriti\s1 & =m no little "p ( ! diet 9 c]ta9 sections ( ! c\ntry4 ,! se$s are v s5sitive to cold & moi/ure1 & %\ld n be s[n until ! gr\nd has become w>m--! la/ week 9 ,may or ! fir/ ( ,june be+ e>ly en\gh 9 ,new ,york4 ,! se$ %\ld be s[n 9 a drill #a in* deep1 ! plants ?9n$ to /& #ab in*es 9 ! r[4 ,give ! same culture z = corn4 ,"o ounce w s[ #dj feet ( drill4 ,dw>f v>ieties are be/ = ! ,nor?4 ,gre5 ,d5sity & ,velvet are lead+ v>ieties4 ,,ole&]4 ,:ile !re are _m nam$ v>ieties ( ! ,ole&]1 b two are (t5 se5 9 g5]al cultivation4 ,^! are ! common r$ & :ite v>ieties4 ,bo? ^!1 z well z ! nam$ v>ieties1 are ( easy managem5t & well adapt$ to home culture1 gr[+ 9 pots or tubs = sev]al ye>s )\t special c>e4 ,well-gr[n specim5s are v effective z por* or lawn plants1 or may be us$ to good advantage 9 mix$ b$s ( tall-gr[+ plants1 plung+ ! pot or tub to ! rim 9 ! soil4 ,! plants %\ld be cut back aft] fl[]+4 ,!y %\ld be re/$ 9 any out-(-!-way place ?r\gh ! w9t]4 ,:5 br\ght out 9 ! spr+1 !y %\ld be giv5 sun & air 9 ord] to make a /urdy gr[?4 ,propagation is effect$ by us+ well-rip5$ wood = cutt+s1 plac$ 9 a close frame2 or ! slips may be root$ 9 a bottle or c ( wat]1 c>e be+ tak5 to supply wat] z evaporation takes place4 ,aft] be+ root$1 !y may be pott$1 us+ soil ) a l>ge proportion ( s&4 ,well e/abli%$ plants may be repott$ 9 good loam & well rott$ manure4 ,,onions are gr[n f se$s 7black se$7 = ! ma9 crop4 ,!y are also gr[n f sets 7:i* are v small ,onions1 arre/$ 9 _! developm5t71 f tops 7:i* are bulblets produc$ 9 ! place ( fl[]s71 & f multipli]s or potato onions1 :i* are comp\nd bulbs4 ,illu/ration3 ,e>ly ,onions ,! extremely e>ly crop ( ,onions is gr[n f sets1 & ! late or fall crop is gr[n f se$ s[n 9 ,april or e>ly ,may4 ,! sets may be sav$ f ! crop h>ve/$ ! previ\s fall1 sav+ no bulbs measur+ ov] #c_/d ( an in* 9 diamet]1 or1 bett]1 !y may be pur*as$ f ! se$sman4 ,^! sets %\ld be plant$ z e>ly z possible 9 ! spr+1 pref]ably on l& t has be5 manur$ & tr5*$ 9 ! fall4 ,plant 9 r[s #ab in*es ap>t1 ! sets be+ #b or #c in*es 9 ! r[4 ,pu% ! sets well d[n into ! gr\nd & cov] ) soil1 firm+ !m ) ! feet or a roll]4 ,9 cultivat+1 ! soil %\ld be ?r[n t[>ds ! tops1 z ! :ite /ems are usually s\ght z an indication ( mildness4 ,! crop w be 9 condition to use 9 f ?ree to f\r weeks1 & may be made to la/ until small se$ ,onions are to be _h4 ,tops or multipli]s may also be us$ = ! e>ly crop4 ,9 gr[+ ,onions f se$1 x is only necess>y to say t ! se$ %\ld be 9 ! gr\nd v e>ly 9 ord] t ! bulbs make _! gr[? be=e ! extreme hot wea!r ( ,augu/1 :51 = want ( moi/ure & because ( ! heat1 ! bulbs w rip5 up :ile small4 ,e>ly 9 ,april1 9 ,new ,york1 if ! gr\nd is 9 condition1 ! se$ %\ld be s[n ?ickly 9 drills f #ab to #af in*es ap>t1 & ! gr\nd above ! se$s well firm$4 ,good cultivation & con/ant we$+ is ! price ( a good crop ( ,onions4 ,9 cultivat+ & hoe+1 ! soil %\ld be kept away f ! r[s1 n cov]+ ! gr[+ bulbs1 b all[+ !m to spread ov] ! surface ( ! gr\nd4 ,:5 ! crop is ready to be h>ve/$1 ! bulbs may be pull$ or cultivat$ up1 left to dry 9 d\ble r[s = sev]al days1 ! tops & roots tak5 (f1 & ! bulbs /or$ 9 a dry place4 ,lat] 9 ! season !y may be all[$ to freeze1 cov]+ ) *aff or /raw to hold !m froz51 & kept until e>ly spr+2 b ?is me?od is usually unsafe ) beg9n]s1 & always s 9 a *angeable climate4 ,onion se$ %\ld always be fre% :5 s[n--pref]ably ( ! la/ ye>'s crop4 ,"o ounce ( ,onion se$ w s[ #ajj feet ( drill4 ,"o ( ! rec5t me?ods ( obta9+ extra l>ge bulbs f se$ is to s[ ! se$ 9 a hotb$ 9 ,febru>y or e>ly ,m>*1 & transplant to ! op5 gr\nd 9 ,april4 ,! ,danv]s1 ,prizetak]1 ,globe & ,we!rsfield are favorite v>ieties1 ) ! addition ( ,:ite ,que5 or ,b>letta = pickl+4 ,,oxalis4 ,a numb] ( h>dy species ( ?is are excell5t plants = rockwork & edg+4 ,! gre5h\se species are v %[y1 gr[+ )\t extra c>e1 & bloom+ freely ?r\gh ! late w9t] & spr+ mon?s2 ^! are mo/ly increas$ by bulbs1 a few by division ( ! root4 ,o4 violacea is "o ( ! commone/ ( h\se-plants4 ,give a sunny w9d[1 = ! fl[]s op5 only 9 sun or v bright light4 ,! bulb\s k9ds are treat$ z recomm5d$ = ,bulbs1 except t ! bulbs mu/ n freeze4 ,,palms4 ,no m graceful plant = room decoration c be f\nd ?an a well-gr[n specim5 ( "s species ( ,palms4 ,mo/ ,palms are well adapt$ = ?is purpose :5 small1 & z ! gr[? is usually v sl[1 a plant may be us$ = _m ye>s4 ,aga91 ! plants ?rive bett] 9 p>tial %ade4 ,!y may be gr[n 9 a sitt+ or draw+-room m satisfactorily ?an mo/ h\se-plants4 ,"o ( ! frequ5t causes ( failure 9 ! culture ( ! ,palm is ! ov]-pott+ & subsequ5t ov]-wat]+4 ,a ,palm %\ld n be repott$ until ! mass ( roots fills ! soil2 !n a pot only a size l>g] %\ld be us$4 ,use ample dra9age 9 ! bottom to c>ry (f excess ( wat]4 ,al?\gh ! plants ne$ a moi/ soil1 wat] /&+ at _! roots proves injuri\s4 ,a soil compos$ ( well rott$ sod1 leaf-mold & a little s& w meet _! requirem5ts4 ,among ! be/ ,palms = h\se culture are ,arecas1 ,cocos ,w$delliana1 ,latania1 ,k5tia1 ,*ama]ops & ,pho5ix4 ,cycas may also be reg>d$ z a ,palm4 ,illu/ration3 ,palms ,! date ,palm may be gr[n f se$ ( ! common comm]cial date4 ,se$ ( ! o!r v>ieties may be pur*as$ f lead+ se$sm51 b1 z ! se$ g]m9ates only "u favorable conditions1 & ! ,palm is a v sl[-gr[+ plant :ile "y1 ! be/ plan is to pur*ase ! plants f a deal] :5 want$4 ,:5 ! plants become weak or diseas$1 take !m to a flori/ = treatm5t & recup]ation4 ,illu/ration3 ,a table ,palm ,,p&anus1 or ,,screw ,,p9e4 ,! ,p&anus utilis & ,p4 ,veit*ii are exce$+ly ornam5tal1 & are well adapt$ to h\se culture4 ,! s+ul> habit ( gr[?1 bright1 glossy leaves1 & ! ability to )/& ! du/ & %ade ( a dwell+ room1 make !m a desirable addition to ! h\se collection4 ,!y are propagat$ by ! (fsets or "y plants t gr[ ar\nd ! base ( ! trunk2 or !y may be increas$ by se$4 ,if by ! =m] me?od1 ! (fsets %\ld be cut (f & set 9 s&1 at a temp]ature ( #fe deg4 or #gj deg4 ,! cutt+s root sl[ly & ! plants = a "t make a v sl[ gr[?4 ,! g5]al cultural treatm5t is t ( palms1 :i* see4 ,illu/ration3 ,pansies ,,pansy is )\t d\bt ! mo/ popul> spr+ fl[] 9 cultivation4 ,! /ra9s ( se$ are _m1 ea* conta9+ great possibilities4 ,! culture is simple & ! results are sure4 ,se$ s[n 9 ,augu/ or ,septemb]1 9 boxes or a frame1 w make plants l>ge en\gh to reset 9 ,novemb] & bloom ! foll[+ ,m>*2 or !y may be left until ,m>* 9 op5 se$-b$s be=e sett+ out4 ,also1 if !y are s[n v ?9ly 9 ! frames !y may rema9 undi/urb$ ?r\gh ! w9t]1 bloom+ v e>ly ! foll[+ spr+4 ,! frame %\ld be protect$ by mats1 bo>ds or o!r cov]+ ?r\gh ! sev]e cold1 & z ! sun ga9s /r5g?1 c>e %\ld be tak5 to keep !m f heav+ by alt]nate ?aw+ & freez+4 ,se$ s[n 9 boxes 9 ,janu>y or ,febru>y w make f9e bloom+ plants by ,april1 tak+ ! place ( ^? bloom+ e>li]4 ,! requisites = satisfactory ,pansy culture are ri*1 moi/1 cool soil1 protection f ! noonday sun1 & att5tion to keep+ !m f go+ to se$4 ,z ! gr\nd becomes w>m a mul* ( leaf-mold or o!r light mat]ial %\ld be spread ov] ! b$ to reta9 moi/ure & exclude heat4 ,spr+ & fall give ! be/ bloom4 ,,p>is ,,gre5 is ! lead+ ars5ical insecticide4 ,x is usually appli$ 9 a wat] spray1 at ! rate ( #a p\nd ( ! poison to #aej to #bjj gallons ( wat]4 ,add #a_/b p\nd ( lime to prev5t injury to foliage4 ,potatoes w usually /& a /rong] mixture2 pea*es & "s o!r plants d n ne$ "o s /rong4 ,make ! ,p>is ,gre5 into a pa/e ) wat] be=e add+ x to ! #bjj gallons1 t x may mix bett]4 ,p>is ,gre5 may be add$ to ,bordeaux mixture ) excell5t results1 c\nt+ ! ,bordeaux z if x 7 s mu* wat]2 9 ?is case x w n be necess>y to add lime to ! ,p>is ,gre54 ,! ,p>is ,gre5 is us$ only = *ew+ insects1 z worms & beetles4 ,london purple is us$ 9 ! same way4 ,illu/ration3 ,p>sley gr[n 9 a box ,,p>sley4 ,! curl$ ,p>sley is us$ almo/ exclusively z a g>ni% = meats & salads1 al?\gh ! flavor 9 s\ps is f9e4 ,! se$ is sl[ to g]m9ate1 & (t5 ! second or ?ird s[+ is made1 ?9k+ ! fir/ is a failure2 b usually aft] :at w\ld seem a long "t ! "y plants w be se54 ,:5 s[n 9 ! op5 gr\nd1 x %\ld be ?9n$ to /& #c or #d in*es 9 ! r[1 ! r[s be+ #aj to #ab in*es ap>t4 ,a few plants 9 a bord] w give a supply = a l>ge family1 & ) a little protection w live ov] w9t]4 ,roots may be lift$ 9 ! fall1 put into boxes or old cans1 & gr[n 9 a sunny w9d[ = w9t] use4 ,,p>snips are "o ( ! vegetables t are ! bett] = ! w9t]'s freeze1 al?\gh !y are ( good quality if tak5 up aft] ! fall fro/s & pack$ 9 soil1 s& or moss 9 ! cell>4 ,! se$1 :i* mu/ be n ov] "o ye> old1 %\ld be s[n z e>ly z possible 9 well prep>$ soil1 firm$ ) ! feet or roll]4 ,z ! se$ g]m9ates r sl[ly ! gr\nd (t5 becomes cru/$ or bak$ ov] ! se$s1 9 :i* case x %\ld be brok5 & f9$ ) a g>d5 rake4 ,?is op]ation (t5 means ! success ( ! crop4 ,radi% or cabbage se$s may be s[n ) ! ,p>snip se$ to m>k ! r[ & break ! cru/4 ,"o ounce ( se$ w s[ #bjj feet ( drill4 ,?9 to #f in*es ap>t 9 ! r[4 ,,pea4 ,:o does n long = ! "t :5 e>ly ,peas are fit to use8 ,& h[ _m "k ! great diff]5ce 9 quality betwe5 ! smoo? & ! wr9kl$ ,peas8 ,! fir/ are a little ! e>lie/ to be plant$ & to become fit = use1 & on t acc\nt %\ld be plant$ 9 a small way4 ,= ! kit*5-g>d5 ! dw>f & half-dw>f v>ieties are ! be/1 z ! tall k9ds w ne$ bru% or wire to support !m1 caus+ consid]able tr\ble & labor & n be+ z neat 9 appe>ance4 ,! tall v>ieties yield a l>g] crop ?an ! dw>fs1 b z ! r[s mu/ be made f #c to #e feet ap>t1 ! dw>f ones1 :i* are plant$ only #f to #h in*es ap>t1 w give z l>ge a yield on ! same area4 ,always plant d\ble r[s ( ! tall v>ieties3 t is1 two r[s f #d to #f in*es ap>t1 ) ! bru% or wire betwe51 ! d\ble r[s be+ f #c to #e feet ap>t1 accord+ to v>ieties4 ,! dw>f v>ieties %\ld be plant$ f\r r[s 9 a block1 ea* r[ be+ only #f or #h in*es ap>t4 ,! ,peas on ! two c5t] r[s may be pick$ f ! outside4 ,leave a space ( #b feet & plant ! same4 ,at ! "t ( ! fir/ plant+ only ! smoo? v>ieties %\ld be s[n1 b by ! middle ( ,april 9 ,new ,york ! gr\nd w be w>m & dry en\gh = ! wr9kl$ sorts4 ,a succession %\ld be s[n t w come to maturity "o aft] ! o!r1 ext5d+ ! season six or eight weeks4 ,if a fur!r supply is want$ ! e>ly quick-matur+ v>ieties may be s[n 9 ,augu/1 usually giv+ a fair crop ( ,peas 9 ,septemb] & e>ly ,octob]4 ,9 ! hot wea!r ( midsumm] !y (t5 d n ?rive s well4 ,"o qu>t ( se$ w plant ab\t #ajj feet ( drill4 ,,pea1 ,,ev]la/+ 7,la?yrus latifolius74 ,^! ,peas d n h ! colors or fragrance ( ! ,sweet ,pea1 b are f9e = plant+ aga9/ rocks1 /umps1 or f5ces4 ,!y bloom ?r\gh a long season1 &1 be+ p]fectly h>dy1 w live = ye>s4 ,height #b to #f feet4 ,rais$ f se$s or f cutt+s1 usually ! =m]4 ,keep ! se$ pods pick$ (f to l5g!n p]iod ( bloom4 ,,pea1 ,,sweet4 ,see ,sweet ,pea4 ,,pea*4 ,giv5 ! prop] exposure1 ,pea*es may be fruit$ 9 _m sections :]e n[ x is ?\ght impossible to h a crop4 ,x is usually ! practice ( ! amateur to set ,pea* trees 9 ! %elt] ( "s build+1 expos$ on ! s\? or ea/ to ! sun1 & 9 a pocket z reg>ds w9ds4 ,?is %\ld be rev]s$1 except 9 ! close vic9ity ( l>ge bodies ( wat]4 ,! fruit buds ( ,pea*es w /& v cold wea!r :5 p]fectly dormant1 (t5 z l[ z #ab deg4 or #ah deg4 bel[ z]o 9 ,new ,york2 b if ! buds once become swoll51 comp>atively light freez+ w de/roy ! crop4 ,!re=e1 if ! trees be set on elevations :]e a con/ant air dra9age may be obta9$1 %elt]$1 if at all1 on ! s\? & ea/1 f ! w>m+ influ5ce ( ! sun1 ! buds w rema9 dormant until ! gr\nd becomes w>m1 & ! *ances ( a failure w be less5$4 ,?is advice applies mo/ly to int]ior sections4 ,a well dra9$1 s&y loam or gravelly soil suits ! ,pea* bett] ?an a heavy soil2 b if ! heavi] soil is well dra9$1 good crops may be obta9$4 ,illu/ration3 ,pea*es ,pea*es are %ort-liv$ at be/1 & "o %\ld be satisfi$ ) ?ree or f\r crops f ea* tree4 ,!y be> "y1 usually a p>tial crop ! ?ird ye>4 ,if a crop may be _h e o!r ye> until ! trees are eight or t5 ye>s old1 !y w h well repaid ! ef=t ( cultivation4 ,b !y (t5 be> twice ?is long4 ,"y trees may be set e f\r or five ye>s to replace old] ones1 ?us hav+ trees at a be>+ age at all times on a small place4 ,trees %\ld be set #ad to #ah feet ap>t ea* way4 ,a good selection ( v>ieties = home use w\ld be ,e>ly ,york1 ,alex&]1 ,halo ,e>ly1 ,m\nta9 ,rose1 ,e>ly ,craw=d1 ,:eatl&1 ,/ump1 ,elb]ta1 ,/ev5s1 ,oldmixon1 ,late ,craw=d & ,smock4 ,pea* trees are always b\ght :5 !y are "o ye> old1 t is1 "o ye> f ! bud4 ,= example1 ! bud is set 9 ! fall ( #ahih4 ,x rema9s dormant until ! spr+ ( #ahii1 :5 x pu%es into vigor\s gr[?2 & 9 ! fall ( #ahii ! tree is ready = sale4 ,pea* trees :i* are m ?an a ye> old are sc>cely wor? ! buy+4 ,x is a common practice1 :5 sett+ ,pea* trees1 to prune !m back to a :ip1 leav+ a /ub be>+ n m ?an "o bud :]e ea* bran* is cut (f4 ,! ?ree great enemies ( ! ,pea* are ! bor]1 ! yell[s & ! curculio4 ,! bor] is be/ h&l$ by digg+ x out e spr+ & fall4 ,trees :i* are attack$ by ! bor] h an exudation ( gum ab\t ! cr[n4 ,if ! bor]s are dug out twice a ye> !y w n get suffici5t />t to make ! op]ation v labori\s4 ,x is ! only sure way4 ,! yell[s is a communicable disease1 ! cause ( :i* is n def9itely kn[n4 ,x %[s itself 9 ! fruit rip5+ prematurely1 ) di/9ct r$ spots :i* ext5d ?r\gh ! fle%1 & lat] by ! ?r[+ out ( f9e1 bran*+1 twiggy tufts along ! ma9 bran*es4 ,! only treatm5t is to pull out ! trees & burn !m4 ,o!r trees may be set 9 ! same places4 ,= a discussion ( curculio1 see ! rem>ks "u ,plum4 ,,pe>4 ,no fruit plantation %\ld be consid]$ complete )\t trees ( v>i\s k9ds ( ,pe>s1 rip5+ fruits f e>ly 9 ,augu/ till w9t]4 ,! late v>ieties are g5]ally good keep]s1 & ext5d ! season into ,febru>y1 ?us supply+ fruit = six or sev5 mon?s4 ,z ! ,pe> gr[s to p]fection on qu9ce1 ! dw>f tree is peculi>ly adapt$ to plant+ on small home gr\nds1 & is (t5 us$ z a b\nd>y plant1 or to s]ve ! purpose ( a scre54 ,^! dw>f trees %\ld be set deep--#d to #f in*es bel[ ! union--to prev5t ! /ock f gr[+4 ,dw>f trees may be set z ne> toge!r z #aj to #af feet1 :ile ! /&>d or tall-gr[+ ,pe>s %\ld be set #ah to #be feet ap>t4 ,trees are plant$ :5 two or ?ree ye>s old4 ,illu/ration3 ,b>tlett ,pe>s ,! ,pe> ?rives on clay soil1 if well und]dra9$1 & = ?is reason may succe$ 9 places :]e o!r fruits might fail4 ,a good1 /eady gr[? %\ld be ma9ta9$1 b ! use ( nitrog5\s manures %\ld be avoid$1 z !y t5d to make a rank gr[? & invite attacks ( ,pe> blight1 :i* is ! wor/ enemy ( ! ,pe>4 ,= summ] fruits3 ,osb&'s ,summ]1 ,b>tlett1 ,clapp & ,mann+ ,elizabe? are among ! be/4 ,= autumn3 ,du*ess1 ,flemi% ,beauty1 ,bosc1 ,l\ise ,bonne1 ,seckel & ,%eldon4 ,= w9t] fruit3 ,anj\1 ,clairgeau1 ,lawr5ce & ,w9t] ,nelis are excell5t4 ,kieff] is an excell5t comm]cial fruit1 b x is too poor to be giv5 space 9 ! home gr\nd except z an ornam5tal tree4 ,( ! ,pe> blight1 ,dugg> writes z foll[s3 ,,rem$ies4 7a7 ,! knife & ! saw4--,) a disease work+ z ?is does1 x is v evid5t t !re is no *ance ei!r = cure or prev5tion by means ( spray+4 ,! h]oic treatm5t ( ! knife & saw mu/ be adopt$ & vigor\sly pursu$1 z has be5 claim$ f ! beg9n+4 ,! black5$ leaves alone mu/ n s]ve z signs ( ! diseas$ area1 b "o mu/ exam9e c>efully ! bran*es & remove !m #f in*es or m bel[ ! l[e/ discolorations4 ,(t5 be=e cutt+1 prun]s slice ! b>k d[nw>d to see :]e ! injury ends4 ,?is %\ld n be done2 x is bett] to be sure t y are bel[ ! infect$ area1 & run no su* risk ( infect+ anew ! tissues bel[4 ,! cut surfaces ( l>g] limbs & bran*es %\ld be pa9t$ = protection aga9/ w\nd rots4 7b7 ,:5 to cut4--,cutt+ out diseas$ portions %\ld be done :5ev] ! disease is evid5t4 ,?is may *eck ! injuries tempor>ily2 b x has be5 %[n t mu* c be done 9 ! autumn to prev5t ! e/abli%m5t ( ! disease ! foll[+ spr+4 ,x has long be5 kn[n t ! disease may pass ! w9t] 9 ! bran*es by a sl[ gr[? 9 ! neighborhood ( late infections4 ,?or\gh "w ( eradication %\ld especially be p]=m$ aft] ! season ( gr[?4 ,!n cut out e diseas$ bran* & burn1 s t 9 ! spr+ :5 ! succul5t gr[? beg9s aga91 !re w be few places 9 :i* insects may come 9 contact ) ! bact]ial exudations4 7c7 ,conditions favor+ ! disease4--,! knife is our only hope ( ext]m9ation2 b !re are und\bt$ly conditions :i* favor ! disease4 ,9 a succul5t1 rapidly gr[+ tree ! bact]ia f9d m favorable conditions = _! developm5t ?an 9 "o :i* gr[s sl[ly1 yet ) suffici5t vigor4 ,= ?is reason1 too mu* nitrog5\s manure is dang]\s2 &1 = ! same reason1 a succul5t gr[? induc$ by sev]e prun+ %\ld be avoid$4 ,illu/ration3 ,pel>gonium1 or ,g]anium ,,pel>goniums4 ,"h belong ! plants kn[n z ,g]aniums--! mo/ satisfactory ( h\se-plants1 & ext5sively us$ z b$d+ plants4 ,no plants w give bett] returns 9 leaf & fl[]2 & ^! features1 add$ to ! ease ( propagation1 make !m g5]al favorites4 ,cutt+s ( p>tially rip5$ wood root v easily1 gr[ to bloom+ size 9 a %ort "t1 &1 ei!r plant$ out or gr[n 9 a pot1 make f9e decorations4 ,! common or ,fi% ,g]aniums are mu* m satisfactory :5 n m ?an a ye> old4 ,take cutt+s f ! old plants at lea/ once a ye>4 ,9 f\r or five mon?s ! "y plants beg9 to bloom4 ,plants may be tak5 up f ! g>d5 & pott$1 b !y r>ely give z mu* satisfaction z "y1 vigor\s subjects4 ,repot frequ5tly until !y are 9 #d- to #e-;in* pots2 !n let !m bloom4 ,! %[ ,pel>goniums are ^? commonly kn[n z ,lady ,wa%+ton ,g]aniums4 ,^! h b "o p]iod ( bloom1 usually 9 ,april1 b !y make up 9 size & color+4 ,?is section is m difficult to manage z a h\se plant ?an ! common ,g]anium1 ne$+ m direct light to keep x /ocky1 & be+ tr\bl$ by insects4 ,/ill1 all ! tr\ble tak5 to gr[ !m w be well repaid by ! h&some blossoms4 ,take cutt+s 9 late spr+1 aft] fl[]+1 & bloom+ plants may be _h ! foll[+ ye>4 ,good results are sometimes secur$ by keep+ ^! plants two or ?ree ye>s4 ,cut back aft] ea* bloom+ season4 ,= h\se culture ! ,g]aniums ne$ a ri*1 fibr\s loam1 ) ! addition ( a little s&2 good dra9age is also an ess5tial4 ,,peony4 ,! h]bace\s ,peony has long _h a place 9 ! g>d51 & is n[ 9 g5]al use z an e>ly fl[]+ plant4 ,x is p]fectly h>dy1 & free f ! _m diseases & insects t attack s _m f9e plants4 ,! s+le & semi-d\ble v>ieties are v f9e1 ! fl[]s becom+ l>ge z ! plant becomes well e/abli%$4 ,! h]bace\s section is readily increas$ by division4 ,! tree ,peonies are increas$ by graft+4 ,!y gr[ 9 "s cases to ! height ( #c or m feet1 & are cov]$ ) l>ge1 v d\ble fl[]s ( ri* colors4 ,height #b to #c feet4 ,,pepp]s are t5d] :ile "y1 al?\gh !y w endure a heavy fro/ 9 ! fall4 ,_! culture is t recomm5d$ = eggplants4 ,a small se$sman's packet ( se$ w be suffici5t = a l>ge numb] ( plants1 say two hundr$4 ,! l>ge ,bell ,pepp]s are ! milde/1 & are us$ = mak+ /uff$ ,pepp]s & o!r di%es4 ,! small1 hot ,pepp]s are us$ = season+ & sauces4 ,illu/ration3 ,bell ,pepp] ,,petunia4 ,! improvem5t made 9 ! size & m>k+s ( ! ,petunia has be5 m>k$ ( late4 ,n[ almo/ e %ade ( color may be f\nd1 aside f yell[4 ,a b$ ( ,petunias makes a mass ( color equal$ by few o!r fl[]s4 ,!y also make v f9e s+le plants = pots1 baskets or w9d[-boxes1 bloom+ freely ?r\gh ! w9t]1 & emitt+ a delicate fragrance4 ,! s+le v>ieties gr[ freely f se$1 b if plants ( "o special color are want$ cutt+s %\ld be made4 ,^! cutt+s root easily & bloom e>ly4 ,cutt+s w h to be made ( ! d\ble v>ieties to increase _! numb]4 ,= common ,petunias1 s[ se$s :]e plants are to gr[1 9 a w>m1 sunny place2 or1 = e>li] bloom1 se$s may be />t$ 9 ! h\se4 ,?9 to #h to #ab in*es ap>t4 ,! season ( bloom is cut %ort only by fro/ or o!r causes4 ,illu/ration3 ,petunia ,,phlox4 ,bo? ! p]5nial & ! annual ,phloxes are mo/ valuable4 ,except+ ! petunia1 no plant w give ! pr(usion ( bloom ) z little c>e z ! annual ,phlox 7,phlox ,drummondii74 ,masses ( "o color or ( contra/+ colors make v effective ribbon bord]s or edg+ b$s4 ,! p]5nial species are v %[y1 hav+ almo/ z wide a range ( color z ! annuals4 ,!y gr[ to ! height ( #c feet4 ,!y are mo/ effective 9 ! back r[ ( a bord]4 ,! p]5nials h be5 mu* improv$ ( late4 ,!y are h>dy4 ,! annual ,phlox is propagat$ by se$ s[n e>ly 9 ! spr+ 9 ! bord]1 or 9 ,m>* 9 boxes & transplant$4 ,! p]5nial ,phlox is increas$ by division ( ! roots1 ! fl[]s be+ l>g] & m highly color$ by divid+ at lea/ e ?ree ye>s4 ,! annual ,phlox blooms e>ly1 & cont9ues until late 9 ! fall4 ,! p]5nial blooms f ,july to fro/4 ,,p9k4 ,see ,dian?us & ,c>nation4 ,,plum4 ,( ,plums !re are ?ree g5]al or common types3 fir/1 ! common ,dome/ica or ,european ,plum1 :i* gives rise to all ! old] v>ieties1 l ,lomb>d1 ,brad%aw1 ,gre5 ,gage1 ! ,prunes1 ! ,egg ,plums1 ! ,damsons1 & ! l2 second1 ! ,japanese ,plums1 :i* h become popul> )9 ! la/ t5 ye>s1 & :i* are adapt$ to a wid] range ( c\ntry ?an ! ,dome/icas2 ?ird1 ! native ,plums ( sev]al species or types1 :i* are adapt$ to ! pla9s1 ! middle & s\!rn /ates1 :]e ! ,dome/ica ,plums d n ?rive1 & "s k9ds to ! cold ,nor?4 ,:]ev] ! ,dome/ica & ,japanese ,plums c be gr[n1 ! native ,plums are n de/9$ to become popul>2 b _m ( ! natives are mu* h>di] ?an o!rs1 & are !re=e adapt$ to regions 9 :i* ! ,dome/ica & ,japanese are n safe4 ,o!rs ( !m are well adapt$ to ! middle & s\!rn /ates4 ,! ,dome/ica & ,japanese ,plums are consid]ably h>di] ?an pea*es1 b n s h>dy z ! apple4 ,! nor!rn limit ( _! g5]al cultivation is ! s\!rn p59sula ( ,mi*igan1 c5tral & s\!rn ,ont>io1 c5tral ,new ,york & c5tral ,new ,engl&4 ,plums ?rive on a great v>iety ( soils1 b !y d bett]1 z a rule1 on ^? :i* are r heavy & h a consid]able cont5t ( clay4 ,9 fact1 _m ( ! v>ieties w ?rive on clay z h>d z t ^u :i* pe>s w gr[4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !y (t5 ?rive well ^u light1 & ev5 almo/ s&y soils4 ,! trees are set :5 !y are two & ?ree ye>s f ! bud4 ,x is pref]able to h ,plum trees on /ocks ( ! same species1 b x is n always possible to secure !m at ! nurs]ies4 ,9 ! ,s\?1 ,plums are work$ mo/ly on pea* roots1 & ^! make excell5t trees :]e ! climate is n too sev]e1 & especially ^u ! light] l&s on :i* !y are plant$ 9 ! ,s\?4 ,9 ! ,nor? ! l>g] "p ( ! ,plum /ocks are gr[n on ! ,myrobalan ,plum roots4 ,?is ,myrobalan is an ,old ,_w species ( ,plum1 ( small] gr[? ?an ! ,dome/ica4 ,?is /ock1 !re=e1 t5ds to dw>f ! tree1 & x is also likely to ?r[ up spr\ts f ! roots4 ,plum trees are set f #ab to #ah feet ap>t4 ,_m gr[]s l to set !m #h feet ap>t 9 r[s1 & h ! r[s f #af to #bj feet ap>t4 ,plums are prun$ mu* ! same z apples & pe>s4 ,t is1 ! top is ?9n$ out f ye> to ye>1 & all sup]flu\s bran*es & brok5 or diseas$ wood are remov$4 ,if ! soil is v /rong & ! trees are close toge!r1 x may be well to head !m 9 a little ea* ye>1 especially ^? v>ieties :i* gr[ v /rong & robu/4 ,! v>ieties ( ,plums are v num]\s4 ,( ! ,dome/ica or ,european type1 "s ( ! be/ are ,brad%aw1 ,imp]ial ,gage1 ,jeff]son1 ,re9e ,claude1 ,coe ,gold5 ,drop1 ,quack5bos1 ,fellemburg1 ,g]man ,prune1 ,copp]4 ,! ,lomb>d is ! mo/ cosmopolitan v>iety1 & is always sure to give a crop1 b ! quality is n s good z t ( ! o!rs m5tion$4 ,= cul9>y purposes1 "s ( ! ,damsons1 :i* are v small-fruit$ v>ieties1 are excell5t4 ,( ,japanese ,plums1 ! be/ s f> te/$ = ! ,nor? are ,r$ ,june1 ,abundance1 ,burbank1 ,*abot & ,satsuma4 ,= a v e>ly *]ry-l ,plum = home use1 ! ,b]g] is excell5t4 ,( ! native ,plums1 ! mo/ cosmopolitan v>iety is ,wild ,goose4 ,excell5t v>ieties are ,weav]1 ,quak]1 ,=e/ ,g>d51 ,wayl&1 & o!rs4 ,illu/ration3 ,plums ,!re are f\r lead+ difficulties 9 ! gr[+ ( ,plums--leaf blight1 fruit rot1 black knot1 & curculio4 ,! leaf blight usually comes on ab\t midsumm]1 ! leaves becom+ spott$ & dropp+ (f4 ,! rem$y = ?is tr\ble is to spray ?or\ghly ) ,bordeaux mixture1 beg9n+ soon aft] ! fruits h set1 & be=e ! tr\ble beg9s to %[4 ,! fruit rot may be prev5t$ by ! same means--t is1 by spray+ ) ,bordeaux mixture4 ,x is usually be/ to beg9 j aft] ! fruits are well set4 ,a v important consid]ation 9 ! *eck+ ( ?is disease is to ?9 ! fruit s t x does n hang 9 clu/]s4 ,if "o fruit t\*es ano!r1 ! rot spreads f fruit to fruit 9 spite ( ! spray+4 ,"s v>ieties1 l ,lomb>d & ,abundance1 are susceptible to ?is injury4 ,! black knot is be/ kept 9 *eck by cutt+ out ! knots :5ev] !y c be se51 & burn+ !m4 ,z soon z ! leaves drop1 ! or*>d %\ld be gone ov] & all knots tak5 out4 ,or*>ds :i* are ?or\ghly spray$ ) ,bordeaux mixture = ! leaf blight & fruit-rot fungus are less liable to attacks ( black knot4 ,! curculio1 or ! insect :i* is ! p>5t ( ! worms 9 ! fruit1 is ! invet]ate enemy ( ! ,plum & o!r /one fruits4 ,! mature beetle lays ! eggs 9 ! fruits :5 !y are v small1 usually beg9n+ its "w ab\t z soon z ! fl[]s fall4 ,^! eggs soon hat*1 & ! little maggot bores into ! fruit4 ,^? fruits :i* are attack$ :il/ v "y ord9>ily fall f ! tree1 b ^? :i* are attack$ :5 !y are half or m gr[n may adh]e to ! tree1 b are wormy & gummy at ! pick+ "t4 ,! mature beetles are sluggi% 9 ! morn+s1 & are easily j>r$ f ! trees4 ,tak+ advantage ( ?is fact1 ! fruit-gr[] may j> !m into %eets2 or1 9 l>ge or*>ds1 into a l>ge canvas hopp]1 :i* is :eel$ f tree to tree ^u a :eelb>r[-l frame1 & "u ! apex ( :i* is a t9 c into :i* ! insects roll4 ,!re is a slit or op5+ 9 "o side ( ! hopp]1 :i* all[s ! tree to /& ne>ly 9 ! middle ( ! canvas4 ,! op]ator !n gives ! tree two or ?ree %>p j>s ) a padd$ pole or mallet4 ,! edges ( ! hopp] are !n quickly %ak5 ) ! h&s & ! insects roll d[n into ! t9 receptacle4 ,9 ?is receptacle !re is k]os5e oil1 or x may be empti$ f "t to "t4 ,j h[ long ?is ma*9e is to be run 9 ! or*>d w dep5d entirely ^u circum/ances4 ,x is advisable to use ! cat*] soon aft] ! blossoms fall1 = ! purpose ( f9d+ out h[ abundant ! insects are4 ,if a few insects are caught ^u ea* tree1 !re is indication t !re are en\gh ( ! pe/s to make s]i\s tr\ble4 ,if aft] a few days ! insects seem to h disappe>$1 x w n be necess>y to cont9ue ! hunt4 ,9 "s ye>s1 especially 9 ^? succe$+ a v heavy crop1 x may be necess>y to run ! curculio-cat*] e morn+ = f\r or five weeks2 b1 z a rule1 x w n be necess>y to use x (t5] ?an two or ?ree times a week dur+ t season2 & sometimes ! season may be %ort5$ by "o-half4 ,! insects fall mo/ readily :5 ! wea!r is cool1 & x1 !re=e1 is be/ to get ?r\gh ! :ole or*>d1 if possible1 be=e noon4 ,^u cl\dy days1 h[ev]1 ! insects may be caught all day4 ,a sm>t man c att5d to #cjj to #djj full-be>+ trees 9 six h\rs if ! gr\nd has be5 well roll$ or firm$1 z x %\ld be be=e ! bugg+ op]ation beg9s4 ,b :e!r ! op]ation is tr\blesome or n1 x is ! price ( ,plums1 & ! gr[] mu/ n expect to succe$ long )\t x4 ,! same treatm5t is ess5tial to ! sav+ ( pea*es & r>ely1 also1 ( s\r *]ries4 ,,poppy4 ,^! %[y annuals & p]5nials %\ld be m g5]ally gr[n4 ,no?+ w light5 up a corn] bett] ?an ! h>dy ori5tal ,poppy1 or ! solid crimson or sc>let annual ,poppies4 ,all ( ! v>ieties gr[ readily f se$1 :i*1 9 mo/ cases1 %\ld be s[n :]e ! plants are to bloom4 ,! se$s ( ! ori5tal & ! ,icel& ,poppy may be s[n 9 pots1 ! plants w9t]$ ov] 9 a frame & c>efully plant$ out ! second spr+4 ,! ,poppy is v impati5t ( root di/urbance1 h[ev]1 & ! safe/ me?od is to s[ ! se$ :]e want$4 ,,portulaca1 or ,,rose ,,moss4 ,brilliant little t5d] annuals1 l[-gr[+ & sun-lov+4 ,!y usually se$ !mselves1 & once e/abli%$ w cont9ue = ye>s4 ,_m ( ! v>ieties w produce a good p]c5tage ( fl[]s z d\ble z roses & ( _m colors4 ,se$ %\ld be s[n :]e want$4 ,!y bloom freely 9 light1 s&y soil 9 ! full blaze ( ! sun4 ,,potato4 ,! common practice ( gr[+ ,potatoes 9 ridges or elevat$ hills is wrong1 unless ! soil is s wet t ?is practice is necess>y to insure prop] dra9age2 b 9 ?is case ! l& is n adapt$ to ! gr[+ ( ,potatoes4 ,if ! l& is elevat$ into ridges or hills1 !re is a great loss ( moi/ure by means ( evaporation4 ,dur+ ! la/ cultivat+ ! ,potatoes may be hill$ up slightly 9 ord] to cov] ! tub]s2 b ! hills %\ld n be made 9 ! beg9n+4 ,l& = ,potatoes %\ld be r loamy 9 "*1 & ought to h a lib]al supply ( pota%1 ei!r naturally or suppli$ 9 ! drill1 by means ( an application ( sulfate ( pota%4 ,see t ! l& is deeply pl[$ or spad$1 s t ! roots c p5etrate deep]4 ,plant ! ,potatoes #c or #d in*es bel[ ! natural surface ( ! gr\nd4 ,x is ord9>ily be/ to drop ! pieces 9 drills4 ,a cont9u\s drill may be made by means ( dropp+ "o piece e #f in*es1 b x is usually ?\ght be/ to drop two pieces ab\t e #ab to #ah in*es4 ,! drills are f> en\gh ap>t to all[ good cultivation4 ,if horse cultivation is us$1 ! drills %\ld be at lea/ #c feet ap>t4 ,illu/ration3 ,potatoes ,small ,potatoes are consid]$ n to be s good z l>ge ones = plant+4 ,"o reason is because too _m spr\ts arise f ea* "o1 & ^! spr\ts are apt to cr[d ea* o!r4 ,! same is true ( ! tip end or se$ end ( ! tub]4 ,ev5 :5 x is cut (f1 ! eyes are s num]\s t "o secures _m weak %oots r ?an two or ?ree /rong ones4 ,x is ord9>ily be/ to cut ! ,potatoes to two or ?ree eyes1 leav+ z mu* tub] z possible ) ea* piece4 ,f sev5 to eight bu%els ( ,potatoes are requir$ to plant an acre4 ,= a v e>ly crop 9 ! g>d51 tub]s are sometimes spr\t$ 9 ! cell>4 ,:5 ! spr\ts are #d to #f in*es high ! tub]s are c>efully plant$4 ,x is ess5tial t ! spr\ts are n brok5 9 ! h&l+4 ,9 ?is practice1 also1 ! tub]s are fir/ cut into l>ge pieces1 s t !y w n dry out too mu*4 ,! /aple rem$y = ! ,potato bug is ,p>is gre51 #a p\nd ( poison to #aej to #bjj gallons ( wat]1 ) a little lime 7see ,p>is ,gre574 ,= ! blight1 spray ) ,bordeaux mixture1 & spray ?or\ghly4 ,bordeaux mixture w also keep away ! flea beetle to a l>ge ext5t4 ,,potato1 ,,sweet4 ,see ,sweet ,potato4 ,,pott+4 ,! op]ation ( pott+ a plant1 :ile 9 itself simple1 is v (t5 associat$ ) success or failure 9 ! gr[? ( ! plant4 ,! fir/ & mo/ common reason ( failure is us+ too l>ge a pot2 ! second1 imp]fect dra9age2 & ! ?ird1 ! poor physical condition ( ! soil4 ,illu/ration3 ,too deep ,illu/ration3 ,plant too high ,a small-root$ cutt+ or a feeble plant %\ld h a pot only l>ge en\gh to hold soil suffici5t to surr\nd ! roots to ! ext5t ( #a or #b in*es4 ,m soil w\ld hold too mu* moi/ure1 ?us exclud+ ! air4 ,z ! plants gr[ & ! ball ( dirt becomes well cov]$ ) :ite roots1 & be=e ^! roots become d>k 9 color1 ! plant %\ld be repott$1 us+ a pot "o size l>g] & usually a little ri*] soil4 ,?is op]ation %\ld cont9ue until ! plant has made ! desir$ gr[?4 ,if x is desir$ to gr[ a g]anium1 fu*sia1 begonia1 or plants ( a simil> "*1 l>ge en\gh = a w9d[ plant--say to ! height or bread? ( two feet1--a #f-;in* pot w be l>ge en\gh1 provid$ ! soil is ri* en\gh to cont9ue ! gr[? ( ! plant :ile 9 fl[]4 ,x (t5 happ5s t pots ( ! v>i\s sizes are n to h&2 & 9 case ! pot is too l>ge1 x %\ld h ! dra9age increas$ until x w take up z mu* room 9 ! bottom z ! pot is too l>ge4 ,be> 9 m9d t ! soil %\ld n hold free wat]4 ,aft] ! plant has fill$ ! pot ) roots x w (t5 be necess>y to supply m food z ! soil becomes exhau/$4 ,?is may be done by digg+ out ! top soil d[n to ! "y1 :ite roots1 replac+ ) new soil 9 :i* a little rott$ manure1 a p9* ( bone-meal or o!r plant-food1 has be5 add$4 ,liquid manure may be us$4 ,?is liquid manure is made f well rott$ c[-1 horse-1 or %eep-manure ?r[n into a tub or b>rel1 cov]$ ) wat]1 & all[$ to /& until ! /r5g? ( ! manure is soak$ out4 ,?is liquid %\ld be dilut$ be=e us+ ) cle> wat] until x has ! color ( weak c(fee4 ,if us$ ) judgm5t1 no?+ w cause a bett] gr[? or a great] quantity ( fl[]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,too full ,illu/ration3 ,c>eless ,! dra9age may consi/ ( any co>se mat]ial1 su* z old brok5 pots1 small /ones1 pieces ( *>coal1 & ! l1 ov] :i* %\ld be plac$ small brok5 sod or a little moss to keep ! dirt f wa%+ ?r\gh & ev5tually /opp+ up ! crevices ?r\gh :i* ! excess wat] %\ld fl[4 ,illu/ration3 ,good6 ,a safe rule to foll[ 9 fir/ pott+ ! majority ( h\se-plants1 is to use "o-?ird turf-loam1 "o-?ird leaf-mold or decay$ leaves1 & "o-?ird s&1 ?or\ghly mix$4 ,r$uce ! am\nt ( leaf-mold & s& at successive pott+s1 add+ a little well rott$ manure1 until1 :5 ! plants h be5 pott$ 9 #f-;in* pots1 at lea/ f\r-fif?s ( ! soil is turfy loam4 ,press ! soil firmly 9 ! pot & ar\nd ! plant4 ,nev] fill ! pot level full ( soil1 else ! plant _c be wat]$4 ,,prickly ,,poppies1 or ,,argemones1 are h>dy annuals1 ) l>ge1 blui% /rik+ foliage & yell[ fl[]s4 ,!y are easily gr[n 9 a w>m soil & sunny exposure4 ,s[ ! se$s :]e ! plants are to /&4 ,?9 to #ab to #ah in*es ap>t4 ,!y gr[ #b feet high4 ,,primulas1 or ,,primroses1 are ( v>i\s k9ds4 ,"o ( !m is ! ,auricula 7:i* see74 ,o!rs are h>dy bord] plants4 ,! true or ,engli% c[slip is "o ( ^!2 also ! plants commonly kn[n z ,polyan?us4 ,h>dy ,primulas gr[ #f to #aj in*es high1 s5d+ up trusses ( yell[ & r$ fl[]s 9 e>ly spr+4 ,propagat$ by division1 or by se$ s[n a ye> be=e ! plants are want$4 ,give !m ri*1 moi/ soil4 ,! ,primula ( ! w9t]-g>d5 is mo/ly ! ,p4 ,s95sis 7,*9ese ,primrose71 gr[n v ext5sively by flori/s z a ,*ri/mas plant4 ,) ! exception ( ! full d\ble v>ieties1 x is usually gr[n f se$4 ,! se$ s[n 9 ,m>* or ,april w make l>ge fl[]+ plants by ,novemb] or ,decemb]1 if ! "y plants are %ift$ to l>g] pots z ne$$4 ,! se$ %\ld be s[n on ! flat surface ( ! soil1 compos$ ( equal p>ts loam1 leaf-mold & s&4 ,! se$ %\ld be press$ d[n lightly & ! soil wat]$ c>efully to prev5t ! se$ f be+ wa%$ into ! soil4 ,v f9e sphagnum moss may be sift$ ov] ! se$1 or ! box set 9 a moi/ place1 :]e ! soil w rema9 wet until ! se$s g]m9ate4 ,:5 ! plants are l>ge en\gh !y %\ld be pott$ sep>ately or prick$ out into %all[ boxes4 ,frequ5t pott+s or transplant+s %\ld be giv5 until ,septemb]1 :5 !y %\ld be 9 ! pots 9 :i* !y are to bloom4 ,! two ess5tials to successful gr[? ?r\gh ! hot summ] are %ade & moi/ure4 ,height #f to #h in*es4 ,bloom 9 w9t] & spr+4 ,at pres5t ! baby ,primrose 7,primula ,=besi7 is popul>4 ,x is treat$ 9 ess5tially ! same way z ! ,s95sis4 ,all ,primulas are impati5t ( a dry atmosph]e & fluctuat+ conditions4 ,,pr9ce',s ,,fea!r4 ,see ,am>antus4 ,,prunes are v>ieties ( plums ) firm1 meaty fle%1 & :i* readily make dri$ fruit4 ,"s ( ! ,prunes are comm]cially gr[n 9 ! ,ea/1 b !y are sold 9 ! gre5 /ate z o!r plums are2 & !y are adapt$ to all ! uses ( o!r plums4 ,prunes are cultivat$ l o!r plums4 ,,prun+4 ,!re are two g5]al types ( inquiry connect$ ) ! "q ( ,prun+3 ,fir/1 t :i* has to d ) ! heal+ ( ! w\nds2 & second1 t :i* has to d ) ! %ap+ ( ! top & ! g5]al welf>e ( ! tree4 ,illu/ration3 ,improp] way to make ! w\nd ,illu/ration3 ,prop] way ,illu/ration3 ,be=e ,illu/ration3 ,aft] ,:5 a limb is cut (f1 x heals by be+ cov]$ ) callus tissue1 :i* gr[s out f ! cambium zone betwe5 ! b>k & wood & rolls ov] ! face ( ! w\nd4 ,! h>d wood itself nev] heals2 t is1 ! cells d n h ! p[] ( mak+ new cells2 !re=e ! old wood is simply cov]$ up1 or h]metically seal$ z a cap is put on a fruit j>4 ,x is evid5t1 !re=e1 t no k9d ( dress+ w ha/5 ! heal+ ( ?is w\nd4 ,! m]it ( a dress+ is to keep ! w\nd s\nd & heal?y until ! callus naturally cov]s x ov]4 ,all ?+s consid]$1 ! be/ dress+ is probably ?ick l9se$-oil pa9t4 ,s f> z ! w\nd is conc]n$1 ! be/ "t = ,prun+ is ord9>ily 9 ! spr+1 :5 ! vital activities are beg9n+2 b ! season also influ5ces fruit-be>+ & wood-mak+1 & ^! que/ions %\ld be consid]$4 ,^? w\nds heal be/ :i* are on /rong ma9 limbs1 :]e !re is a full fl[ ( nutriti\s sap4 ,! limb %\ld be cut (f s t ! w\nd is p>allel ) ! trunk ^u :i* x sits1 & close to x4 ,t is to say1 ! long] ! /ub1 ! less rapid 9 g5]al is ! heal+ ( ! w\nd4 ,x is ! cu/om to cut ! limb j outside ! bulge at its base2 b1 9 mo/ cases1 x is bett] to cut ?r\gh ?is bulge1 & to h ! w\nd close to ! ma9 trunk4 ,illu/ration3 ,be=e prun+ ,illu/ration3 ,aft] prun+ ,heavy ,prun+ ( ! top t5ds to ! production ( wood2 !re=e ! sev]e ,prun+ ( or*>d trees1 foll[+ ?ree or f\r ye>s ( neglect1 sets ! trees into heavy wood-be>+1 & makes !m m vigor\s4 ,su* treatm5t g5]ally t5ds away f fruit-be>+4 ,?is heavy ,prun+ is usually necess>y 9 neglect$ or*>ds1 h[ev]1 to br+ trees back into %ape & to revitalize !m2 b ! be/ ,prun+-treatm5t ( an or*>d is to ,prune x a little e ye>4 ,x %\ld be s ,prun$ t ! tops ( ! trees w be op51 t no two limbs w int]f]e ) ea* o!r1 & s t ! fruit itself w n be s abundant z to ov]load ! tree4 ,prun+ is a means ( ?9n+4 ,9 g5]al1 x is be/ to prune or*>d trees late 9 w9t] or e>ly 9 spr+4 ,x is ord9>ily bett]1 h[ev]1 to leave pea*es & o!r t5d] fruits until aft] ! buds h swoll51 or ev5 aft] ! fl[]s h fall51 9 ord] t "o may det]m9e h[ mu* !y h be5 injur$ by ! w9t]4 ,grapev9es %\ld be ,prun$ 9 w9t] or n lat] 79 ,new ,york7 ?an ! fir/ ( ,m>*4 ,if ,prun$ lat] ?an ?is1 !y may ble$4 ,! above rem>ks w apply to o!r trees z well z to fruits4 ,illu/ration3 ,sickle saw ,illu/ration3 ,comb9$ saw & knife4 ,goes on a long h&le ,illu/ration3 ,curv$ ,prun+ saw ,illu/ration3 ,common d\ble edge saw ,x %\ld be borne 9 m9d t ,prun+ has two objects3 "o is to m]ely trim ! tree or to make x assume "s design$ %ape2 ! o!r is to make ! tree m vigor\s or m fruitful1 or to make "s o!r *ange 9 its "*4 ,^! ideals are well illu/rat$ 9 ! ,prun+ ( ornam5tal %rubs4 ,if "o wants to h ! %rubs %e>$ into "s p>ticul> %ape1 ! %e>+ may be done at almo/ any "t ( ! ye>2 9 fact1 x is bett] to d x two or ?ree times ea* ye> 9 ord] to keep ! trees trim & neat4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! desire is to secure m fl[]s1 ! case is a v diff]5t "o4 ,"s %rubs & trees be> _! fl[]s on ! wood ( ! prec$+ ye>4 ,su*1 = example1 are ! e>ly fl[]+ %rubs l lilacs & ! sn[balls4 ,! fl[] buds are made ! fall be=e4 ,9 ?is case1 ,prun+ ! %rub 9 w9t] cuts (f ! fl[] buds4 ,! ideal "t = ,prun+ !m1 !re=e1 is j aft] ! fl[]s h pass$4 ,! fl[] buds w =m lat] 9 ! season = ! production ( ! fl[]s ! foll[+ spr+4 ,o!r %rubs1 h[ev] 7p>ticul>ly ^? :i* blossom late 9 ! season71 be> on wood ( ! curr5t ye>'s gr[?4 ,t is1 ! clematis blossoms 9 late summ] & fall on wood :i* grew t same season4 ,! great] ! quantity ( /rong wood :i* gr[s 9 any season1 !re=e1 ! great] ! quantity ( bloom 9 t season4 ,) su* %rubs1 x is well to ,prune 9 w9t] or e>ly spr+1 & to ,prune r heavily4 ,! abundance ( new %oots :i* arise may be expect$ to be> fl[]s lat] on 9 ! same season4 ,foll[+ are "s %rubs :i*1 = be/ results 9 fl[]-be>+1 may be ,prun$ :5 dormant 79 w9t]73 camellia1 ,jackmani type ( clematis1 cornus1 hibiscus 7%rubby71 hydrangea1 _m lonic]as or honeysuckles1 philadelphus or mock-orange1 "s spireas4 ,%rubs :i* may be ,prun$ :5 9 leaf 7j aft] bloom+73 lilac1 deutzia1 weigelas1 exo*orda1 spr+-fl[]+ lonic]as1 tree peony1 fl[]+ almond1 "s spireas & viburnums1 wi/>ia4 ,! m>g9al illu/rations %[ h[ apple1 pe> & plum trees may be ,prun$ :5 receiv$ f ! nurs]y4 ,cut back ! roots to fre%1 unbrok5 wood4 ,illu/ration3 ,wat]s' tree ,prun]--= limbs out ( rea* ,illu/ration3 ,prun+ %e>s ,illu/ration3 ,an excell5t ,prun+ saw4 ,! blade is on a swivel ,v>i\s k9ds ( useful tree ,prun]s are %[n 9 ! m>g9s4 ,see also ,scrap+4 ,,pumpk94 ,see ,squa%4 ,,pyre?rum4 ,! little1 l[-gr[+ yell[-foliag$ ,fev]few1 call$ ,gold5 ,fea!r1 is us$ ext5sively = edg+ & design b$s4 ,propagat$ by cutt+s1 z are g]aniums4 ,! tall-gr[+ species are v f9e bord] plants1 be+ easy to gr[ & hav+ %[y fl[]s1 9 colors rang+ f :ite ?r\gh lilac to crimson4 ,_! fl[]s appe> 9 ,june & la/ a mon?1 :51 if ! plants are cut d[n1 !y w fl[] aga9 9 ! fall4 ,! ,p]sian insect p[d] is made f ! dri$ fl[] heads ( "s ( ^! species4 ,propagat$ by se$ or division4 ,h>dy & f9e4 ,,radi%es %\ld be gr[n quickly 9 ord] to h !m at _! be/4 ,!y become t\gh & woody if gr[n sl[ly or all[$ to /ay 9 ! gr\nd too long4 ,a light soil1 well enri*$1 w gr[ mo/ ( ! e>ly v>ieties to table size 9 f ?ree to five weeks4 ,to h a supply ?r\gh ! e>ly mon?s1 s[+s %\ld be made e two weeks4 ,= summ]1 ! l>ge :ite or gray v>ieties are be/4 ,! w9t] v>ieties may be s[n 9 ,septemb]1 h>ve/$ be=e sev]e fro/s1 & /or$ 9 s& 9 a cool cell>4 ,:5 !y are to be us$1 if ?r[n into cold wat] = a %ort "t !y w rega9 _! crispness4 ,s[ ,radi%es ?ickly 9 drills1 #ab to #ah in*es ap>t4 ,?9 z ne$$4 ,illu/ration3 ,spr+ ,radi%es ,,raspb]ry4 ,bo? ! r$ & black ,raspb]ries are ess5tials ( a good g>d54 ,a few plants ( ea* w produce a supply ( b]ries = a family ?r\gh six or eight weeks1 provid$ bo? e>ly & late v>ieties are plant$4 ,a cool situation1 soil t w hold moi/ure )\t be+ wet1 & a ?or\gh prep>ation ( ! gr\nd1 are ! conditions necess>y to success4 ,! black-cap ,raspb]ries %\ld be set #c to #d feet ap>t1 ! r[s #f or #g feet2 ! r$ v>ieties #c feet ap>t1 ! r[s #e feet ap>t4 ,spr+ sett+ is usually pref]able4 ,z ) blackb]ries & dewb]ries1 ,raspb]ries be> on la/ ye>'s canes1 & ^! canes be> b once4 ,!re=e cut out ! old canes aft] fruit+1 or be=e ! foll[+ spr+1 ?us de/roy+ su* insects & fungi z may h lodg$ on !m4 ,new canes %\ld h gr[n 9 ! meantime1 #c to #f to a hill4 ,! fir/ ye> aft] ! plants are set ! canes %\ld be p9*$ back :5 !y rea* ! height ( f #cj to #cf in*es4 ,if a v vigor\s gr[? has be5 made ! fir/ season two canes may be left = fruit+1 b 9 ! case ( weak gr[?1 only "o cane %\ld be all[$ to fruit4 ,9 case ( l[-gr[+ v>ieties--^? t h be5 p9*$ back %ort--a mul* ( /raw or grass ar\nd ! plants at fruit+ "t w help to hold ! moi/ure1 & also s]ve to keep ! fruits clean 9 case ( heavy ra9s4 ,a ,raspb]ry plantation w la/ ?ree to five ye>s4 ,! black v>ieties are propagat$ by lay]s1 ! tip ( a cane be+ laid 9 ! soil 9 midsumm]2 by fall ! tip w h tak5 root & may be sep>at$4 ,! r$ v>ieties are propagat$ by suck]s f ! roots4 ,9 nurs]ies bo? blacks & r$s are (t5 propagat$ by means ( root-cutt+s4 ,illu/ration3 ,black ,raspb]ries ,= r$ ru/1 pull out ! plant1 root & bran*1 & burn x4 ,%ort rotations--fruit+ ! plants only two or ?ree ye>s--& burn+ ! old canes & trimm+s1 w d mu* to keep ,raspb]ry plantations heal?y4 ,spray+ w h "s effect 9 combat+ an?racnose4 ,raspb]ries may be b5t ov] to ! gr\nd s t ! sn[ w protect !m1 9 sev]e climates4 ,v>ieties are always *ang+ 9 favor4 ,good black-caps are ,gregg1 ,ohio1 & ,kansas4 ,good r$ & purple sorts are ,%aff]1 ,cu?b]t1 ,l\don1 & o!rs4 ,,rhodod5drons are broad-leav$ ev]gre5 %rubs :i* require a fibr\s or peaty soil & protection f bleak w9ds & hot suns 9 w9t]4 ,x is well to plant !m among/ trees = protection4 ,9 ! ,nor?1 mul* heavily ) leaves 9 ! fall4 ,see t ! soil is made fibr\s ) leaf-mold or o!r mat]ial4 ,rhodod5drons bloom f w9t] buds3 !re=e prune j aft] fl[]+1 if at all4 ,,rhub>b1 or ,,pie ,,plant4 ,?is is usually propagat$ by division ( ! fle%y roots1 small pieces ( :i* w gr[ if sep>at$ f ! old1 e/abli%$ roots & plant$ 9 ri*1 mell[ soil4 ,poor soil %\ld be made ri* by spad+ out at lea/ #c feet ( ! surface1 fill+ ) well rott$ manure to )9 #a foot ( ! level1 ?r[+ 9 ! top soil & sett+ ! roots ) ! cr[ns #d in*es bel[ ! surface1 firm+ !m ) ! feet4 ,! /alks %\ld n be cut = use until ! second ye>1 b ! fir/1 z well z ! succe$+ falls1 "s co>se manure %\ld be ?r[n ov] ! cr[ns1 to be =k$ or spad$ 9 lightly :5 spr+ op5s4 ,9 gr[+ se$l+ ,rhub>b1 ! se$ may be s[n 9 a coldframe 9 ,m>* or ,april1 protect$ f freez+1 & 9 two mon?s ! plants w be ready to set 9 r[s1 #ab in*es ap>t4 ,give ! plants good cultivation1 & ! foll[+ spr+ !y may be set 9 a p]man5t place4 ,at ?is "t ! plants %\ld be set 9 well prep>$ gr\nd1 at a di/ance ea* way ( f #d to #e feet1 & treat$ z ^? set ) pieces ( roots4 ,if giv5 good c>e & well manur$1 ! plants w live = ye>s & yield abundantly4 ,two doz5 good roots w supply a l>ge family4 ,,ric9us4 ,see ,ca/or ,oil ,plant4 ,,roses4 ,x seems to be ! fir/ desire ( ! home mak]1 :5 he consid]s ! plant+ ( 8 gr\nds1 to set out ,roses4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 x %\ld be "o ( ! la/ ?+s to d4 ,roses are ess5tially fl[] g>d5 subjects1 r ?an lawn subjects4 ,t is to say1 ! fl[]s are _! *ief beauty4 ,!y h v little to comm5d !m 9 ! way ( foliage or habit1 & !y are invet]ately attack$ by insects & sometimes by fungi4 ,9 ord] to get ! be/ results ) ,roses1 !y %\ld be plac$ 9 a b$ by !mselves1 :]e !y c be till$ & prun$ & well tak5 c>e (2 & !y %\ld be gr[n z specim5 plants1 z o!r fl[] g>d5 plants are4 ,! ord9>y g>d5 ,roses %\ld r>ely be gr[n 9 mix$ bord]s ( %rubb]y4 ,illu/ration3 ,wild ,roses ,if x is desir$ to h ,roses 9 mix$ bord]s1 !n ! s+le & in=mal types %\ld be *os54 ,! be/ ( all ^! is ,rosa rugosa4 ,?is has n only attractive fl[]s ?r\gh ! great] "p ( ! season1 b x also has v int]e/+ foliage & a /rik+ habit4 ,! great pr(usion ( bri/les & sp9es gives x an individual & /rong "*4 ,ev5 )\t ! fl[]s1 x is valuable to add "* & ca/ to a foliage mass4 ,! foliage is n attack$ by insects or fungi1 b rema9s gre5 & glossy ?r\gh\t ! ye>4 ,! fruit is also v l>ge & %[y1 & p]si/s on bu%es well ?r\gh ! w9t]4 ,"s ( ! wild ,roses are also v excell5t = mix+ into foliage masses1 b1 z a rule1 _! foliage *>act]i/ics are r weak1 & !y are liable to be attack$ by ?rips4 ,probably ! mo/ ext5sively gr[n class ( ,roses is ! ,remontant or ,hybrid ,p]petual4 ,^!1 :ile n con/ant bloom]s1 are s easy ( culture & give su* good returns = ! c>e & labor1 t _! popul>ity gr[s ea* ye>4 ,! li/ ( good v>ieties is v ext5sive1 & :ile a few1 su* z ,g5]al ,jacquem9ot1 ,paul ,neyron1 ,m>%all ,p4 ,wild]1 ,victor ,v]di]1 ,anne de ,diesba*1 & ,ulri* ,brunn]1 are se5 9 mo/ collections1 "o _c g f> wrong 9 plant+ any ( ! li/4 ,two ( ! ,hybrid ,*9ese ,roses may g ) ! ,remontants1 hav+ ! same season ( bloom & be+ ab\t z h>dy4 ,^! are ,magna ,*>ta & ,mme4 ,planti]4 ,! next gr\p 9 po9t ( h>d9ess1 & sup]ior to ! =ego+ 9 cont9uity ( bloom1 are ! ,hybrid ,noisettes1 su* z ,coquette des ,alpes1 ,coquette des ,blan*es1 & ,elise ,boelle4 ,! blooms ( ^! are :ite1 (t5 t9t$ ) p9k1 v d\ble & fragrant4 ,! ,hybrid ,tea section1 conta9+ ,du*ess ( ,albany1 ,la ,france1 ,meteor & ,wootton1 is v f9e4 ,^! are n h>dy 9 ! ,nor?1 b if protect$ by a frame1 or if gr[n 9 pots1 w9t]$ 9 a pit1 no class ( ,roses w give m g5]al satisfaction4 ,! ,b\rbon section conta9s ?ree ( ! be/ b$d+ ,roses1--,apoll9e1 ,h]mosa1 & ,s\v5ir de la ,malmaison4 ,^! w bloom cont9ually ?r\gh ! fall mon?s until sev]e fro/1 & ) a little protection w prove h>dy4 ,! ,b5gal ,roses1 ( :i* ,agripp9a is a lead+ v>iety1 bloom ?r\gh a long season1 b are n h>dy1 & %\ld be protect$ 9 a pit4 ,!y also make v f9e pot-plants4 ,! ,moss ,roses are well kn[n1 & are desirable 9 a g5]al collection4 ,! little ,polyan?a ,roses1 ) ,cecile ,brunn] & ,clo?ilde ,s\p]t z two ( ! be/1 are always attractive1 ei!r :5 plant$ out or gr[n 9 pots4 ,! climb+ ,roses1 :i* bloom lat] 9 ! season ?an ! ,remontants1 are v useful z pill> & scre5 plants4 ,! old ,que5 ( ! ,prairies & ,baltimore ,belle are /ill 9 favor4 ,a new] & bett] v>iety is ! ,crimson ,rambl]4 ,! ,tea ,roses h prov$ m disappo9t+ to ! amateur ?an any o!r4 ,no "o c resi/ ! temptation to try to h a few ( ^! highly p]fum$1 ri*ly color$ ,roses1 b unless "o has a cons]vatory or an especially favor$ location 9 ! h\se1 ! results d n pay = ! tr\ble4 ,a few blooms may be _h outdoors ) plants set 9 ! spr+1 b on ! approa* ( w9t] !y mu/ be tak5 up & protect$ by m secure means ?an is tak5 ) o!r ,roses4 ,if pott$ & gr[n 9 ! h\se1 !y are ! fir/ plants to become infe/$ ) r$ spid]2 or if gr[n cool en\gh to escape t pe/1 !y w be subject to an attack ( mildew4 ,/ill1 ! results are well wor? /riv+ =1 & a few p]sons w f9d ! prop] conditions2 b ! ,tea ,rose is ess5tially a flori/'s fl[]4 ,illu/ration3 ,hybrid ,tea ,rose ,all ,roses are heavy fe$]s & require ri*1 moi/ soil4 ,a clay soil1 if well enri*$ & hav+ p]fect dra9age1 is ideal4 ,prun+ %\ld be c>efully done1 pref]ably 9 ! spr+4 ,all weak gr[? %\ld be cut out & ! balance well cut back4 ,! fl[]s ( all ,roses1 except ! ,yell[ ,p]sian & ! ,h>rison's ,yell[1 be+ borne on ! new wood1 ! bu%es %\ld be cut back half or m ( _! gr[?4 ,9 ! majority ( cases1 ,roses on _! own roots w prove m satisfactory ?an budd$ /ock4 ,on own-root$ /ock1 ! suck]s or %oots f bel[ ! surface ( ! soil w be ( ! same k9d1 :]eas ) budd$ ,roses !re is dang] ( ! /ock 7usually ,manetti or ,dog ,rose7 />t+ into gr[? &1 n be+ discov]$1 outgr[+ ! bud1 tak+ possession1 & f9ally kill+ out ! weak] gr[?4 ,/ill1 if ! plants are set deep en\gh to prev5t adv5titi\s buds ( ! /ock f />t+1 !re is no "q t f9] ,roses may be gr[n ?an f plants on _! own roots4 ,! summ] insects t tr\ble ! ,rose are be/ treat$ by a =ceful spray ( cle> wat]4 ,?is %\ld be done e>ly 9 ! day & aga9 at ev5+4 ,^? hav+ city wat] or good spray pumps w f9d ?is an easy me?od ( keep+ ,rose pe/s 9 *eck4 ,^? )\t ^! facilities may use :ale oil soap1 fir-tree oil1 good soap suds1 or ,p]sian insect p[d]4 ,,roses ,,9 ,,w9t]4 ,al?\gh ! gr[+ ( ,roses "u glass is a bus9ess :i* w\ld bett] be left to flori/s1 z already said1 ! foll[+ advice may be useful to ^? :o h cons]vatories3 ,:5 gr[+ =c+ ,roses = w9t] fl[]s1 flori/s usually provide rais$ b$s1 9 ! be/-light$ h\ses !y h4 ,! bottom ( ! b$ or b5* is left ) cracks betwe5 ! bo>ds = dra9age2 ! cracks are cov]$ ) inv]t$ /rips ( sod1 & ! b5* is !n cov]$ ) f\r or five in*es ( fre%1 fibr\s loam4 ,?is is made f rott$ sods1 ) decay$ manure incorporat$ at ! rate ( ab\t "o "p 9 f\r4 ,sod f any dra9$ pa/ure-l& makes good soil4 ,! plants are set on ! b$ 9 ! spr+ or e>ly summ]1 f #ab to #ah in*es ap>t1 & are gr[n !re all summ]4 ,dur+ ! w9t] !y are kept at a temp]ature ( #eh deg4 to #fj deg4 at night1 & f #e deg4 to #aj deg4 w>m] dur+ ! day4 ,! heat+ pipes are (t5 run "u ! b5*es1 n because ! ,rose likes bottom heat1 b to economize space & to assi/ 9 dry+ out ! b$s 9 case ( _! becom+ too wet4 ,! greate/ c>e is requir$ 9 wat]+1 9 gu>d+ ! temp]ature & 9 v5tilation4 ,draughts result 9 *ecks to ! gr[? & 9 mildew$ foliage4 ,dryness ( ! air1 especially f fire heat1 is foll[$ by ! appe>ance ( ! m9ute r$ spid] on ! leaves4 ,! aphis1 or gre5 plant l\se1 appe>s "u all conditions1 & mu/ be kept d[n by syr++ ) tobacco-tea or fumigation ) tobacco /ems4 ,an effectual & pref]able me?od n[ employ$ = de/roy+ ! aphis is to fumigate ) ! vapor aris+ f a pan conta9+ a gallon ( wat] & a p9t ( /rong extract ( tobacco4 ,to g5]ate ! vapor1 a piece ( r$-hot iron is dropp$ into ! pan4 ,f "o to ?ree or f\r pans are requir$ to a h\se1 accord+ to its size4 ,= ! r$ spid]1 ! *ief means ( control is syr++ ) ei!r cle> or soapy wat]4 ,if ! plants are intellig5tly v5tilat$ & giv51 at all times1 z mu* fre% air z possible1 ! r$ spid] is less likely to appe>4 ,= mildew1 :i* is easily recogniz$ by its :ite1 p[d]y appe>ance on ! foliage1 accompani$ ) m or less di/ortion ( ! leaves1 ! rem$y is sulfur 9 "s =m or o!r4 ,! fl[]s ( sulfur may be du/$ ?9ly ov] ! foliage2 en\gh m]ely to slightly :it5 ! foliage is suffici5t4 ,x may be du/$ on f ! h& 9 a broadca/ way1 or appli$ ) a p[d]-bell[s1 :i* is a bett] & less wa/eful me?od4 ,aga91 a pa9t compos$ ( sulfur & l9se$ oil may be appli$ to a portion ( "o ( ! /eam or hot-wat] heat+ pipes4 ,! fumes aris+ f ?is are n agreeable to brea!1 b fatal to mildew4 ,aga91 a little sulfur may be spr9kl$ "h & !re on ! cool] p>ts ( ! gre5h\se flue4 ,"u no circum/ances1 h[ev]1 ignite any sulfur 9 a gre5h\se4 ,! vapor ( burn+ sulfur is dea? to plants4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,hybrid ,p]petual ,rose ,propagation4--,! writ] has kn[n wom5 :o c\ld root ,roses ) ! greate/ ease4 ,!y w\ld simply break (f a bran* ( ! ,rose1 ins]t x 9 ! fl[]-b$1 cov] x ) a bell-j>1 & 9 a few weeks !y w\ld h a /rong plant4 ,aga9 !y w\ld resort to lay]+2 9 :i* case a bran*1 not*$ half way ?r\gh on ! l[] side1 0 b5t to ! gr\nd & pegg$ d[n s t ! not*$ portion 0 cov]$ ) a few in*es ( soil4 ,! lay]$ spot 0 wat]$ f "t to "t4 ,aft] ?ree or f\r weeks roots 7 s5t =? f ! not* & ! bran* or buds began to gr[1 :5 x 0 kn[n t ! lay] _h =m$ roots4 ,sev]al ye>s ago a fri5d took a *eese-box1 fill$ x ) %>p s& to ! brim1 support$ x 9 a tub ( wat] s t ! l[] half in* ( ! box 0 imm]s$4 ,! s& 0 pack$ d[n1 spr9kl$1 & s+le-jo9t ,rose cutt+s1 ) a bud & a leaf ne> ! top1 7 ins]t$ almo/ _! :ole l5g? 9 ! s&4 ,?is 0 9 ,july1 a hot mon?1 :5 x is usually difficult to root any k9d ( cutt+2 moreov]1 ! box /ood on a s\!rn slope1 fac+ ! hot sun1 )\t a p>ticle ( %ade4 ,! only att5tion giv5 ! box 0 to keep ! wat] high en\gh 9 ! tub to t\* ! bottom ( ! *eese-box4 ,9 ab\t ?ree weeks he took out ?ree or f\r doz5 ( z nicely root$ cutt+s z c\ld h be5 gr[n 9 ! gre5h\se4 ,illu/ration3 ,vase ( ,roses ,! sauc] sy/em1 9 :i* cutt+s are ins]t$ 9 wet s& conta9$ 9 a sauc] an in* or two deep1 to be expos$ at all times to ! full sun%9e1 is ( a simil> nature4 ,! ess5tials are1 to give ! cutt+s ! full sun & to keep ! s& saturat$ ) wat]4 ,:atev] me?od is us$1 if cutt+s are to be transplant$ aft] root+1 x is important to pot !m (f 9 small pots z soon z !y h a clu/] ( roots "o-half in* or an in* long4 ,leav+ !m too long 9 ! s& weak5s ! cutt+4 ,,sage is a p]5nial1 b be/ results are secur$ by res[+ e two or ?ree ye>s4 ,give a w>m1 ri* soil4 ,h>dy4 ,,salpiglossis4 ,v f9e half-h>dy annuals4 ,! fl[]s1 :i* are borne 9 pr(usion1 are ( _m colors1 & rival 9 m>k+s mo/ o!r annuals4 ,! fl[]s are %ort-liv$ if left on ! plant1 b w hold well if cut & plac$ 9 wat]4 ,se$ %\ld be s[n 9 heat 9 ,febru>y or ,m>*1 ! se$l+s gr[n along until ,may1 :5 !y may be plant$ out4 ,x is usually be/ to p9* out ! c5t]s ( ! plants at ?is "t to cause !m to bran*4 ,,salsify1 or ,,vegetable ,,oy/]4 ,salsify is "o ( ! be/ ( w9t] & e>ly spr+ vegetables1 & %\ld be gr[n 9 e g>d54 ,x may be cook$ 9 sev]al diff]5t ways4 ,! se$ %\ld be s[n z e>ly 9 ! spr+ z possible4 ,h&le ! same z p>snips 9 e way4 ,! roots1 l p>snips1 are ! bett] = ! w9t] freeze1 b "p ( ! crop %\ld be dug 9 ! fall1 & /or$ 9 soil or moss 9 a cell> = w9t] use4 ,illu/ration3 ,salsify ,,salvia4 ,! ,,sc>let ,,salvia 7or ,,sage7 is a well kn[n t5d] p]5nial1 bloom+ late 9 ! fall & mak+ a f9e effect 9 b$s or bord]s4 ,x is easily transplant$1 & l>ge plants remov$ to ! h\se cont9ue 9 bloom = "s "t4 ,! blue & :ite species are bo? desirable summ] fl[]+ plants1 & ! l[-gr[+ ,silv] ,leaf ,sage is well adapt$ = edg+4 ,propagat$ f se$1 cutt+s1 or by division4 ,height #b to #c feet4 ,illu/ration3 ,salvia cocc9ea ,,san ,,jose ,,scale has n[ become a wide-spread pe/4 ,x has be5 introduc$ into ! ea/]n /ates f ! ,pacific slope4 ,x is a m9ute scale insect ! size ( a small p9head1 %ield-%ap$1 ) a rais$ c5t]4 ,!re are v>i\s native & comp>atively h>mless scales :i* look v mu* l x1 & an exp]t is usually ne$$ to di/+ui% !m4 ,! ,san ,jose ,scale c usually be di/+ui%$1 h[ev]1 by its v s]i\s results4 ,9 favorable seasons x spreads ) enorm\s rapidity1 cov]+ ! bran*es ( _m k9ds ( plants1 sapp+ _! juices1 & ei!r kill+ or r$uc+ !m to su* a l[ /ate ( vitality z to r5d] !m useless2 or !y are kill$ by ! w9t]4 ,! indications are t ! scale w nev] be s s]i\s 9 ! moi/1 cool climates ( ! nor!a/]n /ates z x is 9 ! hott] & dri] climates ( ! ,we/4 ,x has be5 f\nd by c>eful exp]im5ts t x c be kill$ by a spray ( k]os5e & wat] 7see ,k]os5e7 9 a proportion ( "o "p ( k]os5e to f\r or five ( wat]4 ,?is mat]ial is appli$ ) a me*anical pump mix]1 & ! application %\ld be made on a sunny day s t evaporation soon takes place4 ,spray+ ) k]os5e 9 cl\dy wea!r is v likely to result 9 injury to ! plants4 ,"s exp]im5t]s h f\nd crude petroleum to be a specific = ! ,san ,jose ,scale4 ,x is n to be expect$ t ! ,san ,jose ,scale c be ext]m9at$ any m ?an ! t5t cat]pill> or apple scab c4 ,x foll[s1 !re=e1 t we %\ld spray = ! ,san ,jose ,scale z we d = o!r pe/s4 ,x is su* a s]i\s pe/1 h[ev]1 t ! /ate or prov9ce %\ld take measures to hold x 9 *eck4 ,"s sy/em ( inspection %\ld be inaugurat$1 & x is probably be/ t nurs]y /ock be fumigat$ ) hydrocyanic gas be=e x is sold4 ,?is gas is exce$+ly poison\s1 h[ev]1 & %\ld nev] be h&l$ by ! inexp]i5c$4 ,:5ev] x is us$1 x %\ld be "u ! control ( exp]ts4 ,plants or plantations :i* are badly infe/$ ) ! scale w\ld bett] be de/roy$4 ,,scabiosa4 ,,m\rn+ ,,bride4 ,a useful annual1 produc+ a pr(usion ( bloom ?r\gh ! great] "p ( ! summ] if n all[$ to g to se$4 ,! fl[]s range 9 color f :ite to ri* purple1 are borne on long /ems1 & are v la/+4 ,! se$ may be s[n :]e ! plants are want$1 or to ha/5 ! season ( bloom may be s[n 9 boxes 9 ,febru>y & gr[n along to be plant$ out 9 ,april4 ,,sc>let ,,runn]4 ,"o ( ! pole or runn+ beans 7,phaseolus multiflorus74 ,x is a great favorite ) p f ! ,old ,_w1 especially ,engli% & ,g]mans4 ,?is bean is us$ ei!r z an ornam5tal v9e = por*es or trellises1 or z a scre5 to hide unsightly objects4 ,! r$ fl[]s are v %[y1 ei!r on ! plant or 9 b\quets4 ,! gre5 pods are excell5t z /r+ beans1 & ! dri$ beans are ( sup]ior quality4 ,se$ %\ld n be s[n until ! gr\nd has become ?or\ghly w>m2 or ! plants may be />t$ 9 ! h\se4 ,,scrap+ ( trees is r>ely to be advis$1 except 9 fruit plantations4 ,! old & hang+ b>k on apple & pe> trees may be tak5 (f 9 ord] to de/roy ! hid+ places ( insects & ! bre$+ places ( fungi1 & also to make ! plantation look m neat & kempt4 ,only ! loose out] b>k %\ld be remov$1 h[ev]4 ,trees %\ld n be scrap$ to ! quick4 ,if !re is moss on trees1 x c be de/roy$ readily by a spray ( ,bordeaux mixture4 ,a l>ge "p ( ! beauty ( an ornam5tal tree lies 9 its *>act]i/ic b>k1 & x is v r>e t su* trees %\ld be scrap$4 ,,scre5s4 ,see ,w9dbreak4 ,,screw ,,p9e4 ,see ,p&anus4 ,,sea-,,kale %oots are v highly priz$ z a delicacy :5 blan*$4 ,! se$ %\ld be s[n 9 a hotb$ e>ly 9 ! spr+1 plants transplant$ to ! g>d5 :5 f #b to #c in*es high1 & giv5 high cultivation ?r\gh ! season1 be+ cov]$ ) litt] on ! approa* ( w9t]4 ,! "y /alks are blan*$ e>ly ! foll[+ spr+ by cov]+ ) l>ge pots or boxes1 or by bank+ ) s& or o!r clean mat]ial4 ,! ,dw>f ,gre5 ,scot*1 ,dw>f ,br[n1 & ,sib]ian are among ! lead+ v>ieties4 ,sea-kale is eat5 mu* z asp>agus is4 ,highly priz$ by ^? :o "k x4 ,sea-,kale is also propagat$ by cutt+s ( ! roots #d or #e in*es long1 plant$ directly 9 ! soil 9 spr+4 ,! plant is p]5nial1 & ! e>ly %oots may be blea*$ ye> aft] ye>4 ,,se$ ,,s[+4 ,! g5]al rule 9 s[+ se$s is to cov] !m twice or ?ree times _! ?ickness4 ,?is rule w apply to ! majority ( se$s1 b 9 _m plants ( a naturally %ort season ( bloom or gr[?1 an in/ance ( :i* is ! sweet pea1 x may be advisable to s[ ! se$ deep]1 t ! roots may h suffici5t moi/ure & be 9 a cool temp]ature ?r\gh ! hot summ] mon?s4 ,also1 9 s[+ v m9ute se$1 z tobacco1 petunia1 begonia1 & o!rs ( l size1 c>e %\ld be tak5 to h !m only "u ! surface ( ! soil1--simply press$ d[n ) a smoo? surface or all[$ to settle into ! soil ) ! soak+ 9 ( ! wat]4 ,! soil = all se$s %\ld be loose & por\s1 9 ord] to all[ ! excessive moi/ure to escape & ! w>m? to p5etrate1 b %\ld be firm$ directly ov] ! se$s to induce an upw>d fl[ ( moi/ure4 ,"o ( ! mo/ common mi/akes 9 s[+ se$ is 9 s[+ all k9ds at ! same "t )\t reg>d to ! season1 ?us caus+ a failure ) "s1 :ile o!rs gr[ freely4 ,all t5d] se$ %\ld be s[n only :5 ! gr\nd has become ?or\ghly w>m1 :ile se$s ( ! s-call$ h>dy plants may be s[n z e>ly 9 ! spr+ z ! gr\nd is fit to "w4 ,a few k9ds ( se$ are ! bett] = soak+1 especially su* z = "s reason h be5 delay$ 9 s[+4 ,sweet pea se$ is b5efit$ by soak+ if n put into ! gr\nd until ! soil is w>m4 ,se$ ( canna1 moonfl[] & o!rs ) h>d %ells may be scrap$ until ! out] %ell is pi]c$ or is v ?94 ,x is g5]ally bett] to buy g>d5 se$s ?an to gr[ !m1 = ^? :o make a bus9ess ( se$-gr[+ become exp]t 9 ! cultivation & selection ( ! plants4 ,,se$s ( mo/ plants %\ld be kept dry & also r cool4 ,x is always bett] to rely ^u fre% se$s4 ,te/ !m 9 boxes 9 ! h\se1 if possible1 be=e plant+ !m 9 ! op54 ,if beans1 peas1 corn or o!r ,se$s become buggy1 p\r a little bisulfide ( c>bon 7v inflammable7 into !m4 ,! mat]ial w n injure ! ,se$s ev5 if p\r$ on !m4 ,x soon evaporates4 ,a teaspoonful w kill ! insects 9 f\r qu>ts ( ,se$s1 if ! receptacle is tight4 ,mo/ tree ,se$s %\ld be kept moi/ until plant$4 ,!y are usually buri$ or kept 9 s&4 ,,s5sitive ,,plant 7,mimosa74 ,?is curi\s plant is (t5 gr[n = ! amusem5t x af=ds by its habit ( clos+ its leaves & dropp+ ! leaf-/alk :5ev] ! plant is t\*$4 ,se$ %\ld be s[n 9 heat e>ly 9 ! season1 & ! plants gr[n 9 pots or a protect$ bord]4 ,! se$ is sold by all se$sm54 ,! plant gr[s readily 9 a temp]ature suit$ to beans4 ,x w n /& fro/4 ,! "y plants are usually ! mo/ s5sitive4 ,,%ade ,,trees4 ,! be/ ,%ade ,trees are usually ^? :i* are native to ! p>ticul> region1 s9ce !y are h>dy & adapt$ to ! soil & o!r conditions4 ,elms1 maples1 basswoods1 & ! l1 are ne>ly always reliable4 ,9 regions 9 :i* !re are s]i\s insect enemies or fung\s diseases1 ! trees :i* are mo/ likely to be attack$ may be omitt$4 ,= in/ance1 9 p>ts ( ! ,ea/ ! elm leaf beetle is a v s]i\s pe/2 & x is a good plan 9 su* places to plant o!r trees ?an elms4 ,among/ ! be/ exotic trees = %ade 9 ! nor!rn p>ts ( ! c\ntry are ! ,norway maple1 ,european l9d5s1 horse *e/nut1 & ! ,european species ( elm4 ,trees = %ade %\ld ord9>ily be giv5 suffici5t room t !y may develop into full size & symmetrical heads4 ,! trees may be plant$ z close z #aj or #ae feet ap>t = tempor>y effect2 b z soon z !y beg9 to cr[d !y %\ld be ?9n$4 ,,%elt]-,,belts4 ,see ,w9dbreak4 ,,%rubb]y4 ,%rubs h two k9ds ( values or uses3 fir/1 !y are useful = _! own sakes or z individual specim5s2 & second1 = use 9 ! mak+ ( foliage masses or gr\ps4 ,ord9>ily !y are us$ only = ! =m] purpose 9 home gr\nds2 b _! greate/ use is1 nev]!less1 9 heavy masses ab\t ! bord]s ( ! place or 9 ! angles ( ! build+4 ,t is to say1 !y %\ld contribute to ! g5]al design ( ! place or to its pictorial effect4 ,if !y are plant$ 9 ,%rubb]ies or masses1 ! fl[]s are /ill z int]e/+ & z %[y z !y are :5 ! bu%es are plant$ alone4 ,9 fact1 ! fl[]s usually %[ to bett] advantage1 s9ce !y h a heavy backgr\nd ( foliage4 ,9 ! ,%rubb]y mass ! bu%es are m easily c>$ = ?an :5 !y are scatt]$ z s+le specim5s ov] ! lawn4 ,! s+le specim5 :i* is irregul>1 or ragg$1 or untidy1 is an undesirable object2 b su* a specim5 may contribute an indisp5sable "p to ! bord] mass4 ,9 ! bord] !y d n ne$ ! att5tion to prun+ t !y d 9 ! lawn4 ,! ma9 "p ( ! ,%rubb]y mass %\ld be made ( ! /rong]1 l>g] gr[+ & co>s] ,%rubs2 & ! m delicate ones1 or ^? ) highly color$ leaves or %[y fl[]s1 may be plac$ ne> ! inn] edge ( ! plantation4 ,%rubs :i* are valu$ *iefly = _! fl[]s or %[y foliage1 z1 = example1 ! ,hydrangea paniculata1 may be plant$ j 9 front ( a bold ,%rubb]y mass1 s t !y w h a backgr\nd to %[ (f _! beauties4 ,fur!r directions = ! lay-out ( ! gr\nds w be f\nd "u ! articles ,lawns & ,bord]s4 ,x is ord9>ily be/ to pl[ or spade ! entire area 9 :i* ! ,%rubs are to be set4 ,= a ye> or two ! gr\nd %\ld be till$ betwe5 ! ,%rubs1 ei!r by horse tools or by hoes & rakes4 ,if ! place looks b>e1 se$s ( quick-gr[+ fl[]s may be scatt]$ ab\t ! edges ( ! mass4 ,! l>g] ,%rubs1 l lilacs & syr+as1 may be set ab\t #d feet ap>t2 b ! small] ones %\ld be set ab\t1 #b feet ap>t if x is desir$ to secure an imm$iate effect4 ,if aft] a few ye>s ! mass becomes too cr[d$1 "s ( ! specim5s may be remov$4 ,?r[ ! ,%rubs into an irregul> plantation1 n 9 r[s1 & make ! inn] edge ( ! mass m or less undulat+ & brok54 ,x is a good practice to mul* ! plantation ea* fall ) light manure1 leaf-mold or o!r mat]ial4 ,ev5 ?\gh ! ,%rubs are p]fectly h>dy1 ?is mul* greatly improves ! l& & promotes gr[?4 ,aft] ! ,%rub bord]s h become two or ?ree ye>s old1 ! drift+ leaves ( fall w be caught !re9 & w be held z a mul*4 ,x is (t5 advisable n to remove ^! leaves1 b to all[ !m to rema9 ye> aft] ye>1 :]e !y make a f9e cov]+ ( leaf-mold4 ,:5 ! ,%rubs are fir/ plant$1 !y are head$ back "o-half or m2 b aft] !y are e/abli%$ !y are n to be prun$1 b all[$ to take _! own way1 & aft] a few ye>s ! out]mo/ ones w droop & meet ! gre5sw>d4 ,good ,%rubs are num]\s4 ,"s ( ! be/ are ^? to be f\nd 9 woods & along roadsides4 ,!y are h>dy4 ,( ,%rubs :i* are g5]ally adaptable = ! ,nor?1 ! foll[+ are excell5t3 ,b>b]ries4 ,box4 ,burn+ ,bu%1 or ,euonymus4 ,bu% ,honeysuckles4 ,bu% ,will[s4 ,c>yopt]is1 bloom+ 9 ,augu/ & ,septemb]4 ,cotonea/]s4 ,desmodiums1 or ,lesp$ezas1 bloom+ 9 fall4 ,dw>f ,sumac4 ,rhus copall9a4 ,eld]s4 ,native species are excell5t4 ,exo*orda1 ) pr(use :ite bloom 9 spr+4 ,fl[]+ ,almond4 ,fl[]+ ,crabs4 ,fl[]+ ,currants4 ,=sy?ias1 or ,gold5 ,bells4 ,fr+e ,tree1 or ,*ionan?us4 ,haw?orns4 ,hydrangeas4 ,indian ,currant4 ,symphoric>pos vulg>is4 ,japanese ,qu9ce4 ,k]ria1 or ,cor*orus4 ,lilacs4 ,mock ,orange1 or ,philadelphus4 ,new ,j]sey ,tea1 or ,ceano?us4 ,osi]s1 or ,dogwoods4 ,privet4 ,rose ,acacia4 ,roses 7see ,roses74 ,smoke ,tree4 ,sn[balls4 ,! ,japanese is pref]able4 ,sn[b]ry4 ,symphoric>pos racemosus4 ,spireas ( _m k9ds4 ,viburnums ( _m k9ds4 ,weigelas4 ,:ite ,ald]4 ,cle?ra alnifolia4 ,wit* ,hazel4 ,blooms on ! eve ( w9t]4 ,xan?oc]as sorbifolia4 ,,sil5e1 or ,,cat*fly4 ,"s ( ! ,sil5es are h>dy annuals ( v easy culture4 ,s[ se$s :]e ! plants are to /&2 or1 if e>ly results are desir$1 se$s may be />t$ 9 boxes4 ,! plants ?rive 9 any g>d5 soil1 ev5 if x is n v ri*4 ,colors r$1 or sometimes runn+ to :ite4 ,"o foot4 ,let plants /& #f to #aj in*es ap>t4 ,,smilax ( ! flori/s is closely alli$ to asp>agus4 ,:ile x _c be recomm5d$ = h\se culture1 ! ease ) :i* x may be gr[n & ! uses to :i* ! fe/oons ( leaves may be put1 entitle x to a place 9 ! cons]vatory or gre5h\se4 ,se$ s[n 9 pots or boxes 9 ,janu>y or ,febru>y1 ! plants %ift$ z ne$$ until plant$ on ! b5* 9 ,augu/1 w gr[ f9e /r+s ( gre5 by ! holidays4 ,! plants %\ld be set on l[ b5*es1 giv+ z mu* room z possible ov]head4 ,gre5-color$ /r+s %\ld be us$ = ! v9es to climb on1 ! v9es frequ5tly syr+$ to keep d[n ! r$ spid]1 :i* is v de/ructive to ?is plant1 & liquid manure giv5 z ! v9es gr[4 ,! soil %\ld conta9 a good proportion ( s& & be enri*$ ) well-rott$ manure4 ,aft] ! fir/ /r+s are cut1 a second gr[? fully z good z ! fir/ may be _h by clean+ up ! plants & top-dress+ ! soil ) rott$ manure4 ,slightly %ad+ ! h\se ?r\gh ,augu/ w add to ! color ( ! leaves4 ,! odor f a v9e ( ,smilax ?ickly cov]$ ) ! small fl[]s is v agreeable4 ,,snapdragon1 or ,,antirrh9um4 ,an old g>d5 favorite1 fl[]+ freely ?r\gh a long season4 ,! dw>f /ra9 is well adapt$ = b$d+ or bord]s4 ,any light soil1 well enri*$ ) rott$ manure1 w gr[ ,snapdragons to p]fection4 ,di/9ct v>ieties %\ld be propagat$ by cutt+s1 z !y d n come true f se$4 ,s[ se$ e>ly 9 ! spr+4 ,al?\gh bloom may be obta9$ ! fir/ ye>1 late s[n plants sometimes p]si/ ov] w9t] & bloom e>ly 9 ! spr+4 ,snapdragons make good w9d[ plants4 ,,sn[drop 7,galan?us74 ,?is is "o ( ! e>lie/ fl[]s ( spr+1 always welcome4 ,x %\ld be plant$ 9 ! edge ( ! bord]4 ,! bulbs may be plant$ 9 ,octob] 9 any good bord] soil & left undi/urb$ = ye>s2 or !y may be pott$ at t "t1 & aft] =m+ roots be g5tly =c$ into bloom 9 w9t]4 ,,sn[flake 7,leucoium74 ,culture same z = ,sn[drop4 ,,sodd+4 ,9 g5]al1 ! be/ way to secure a lawn is by ! s[+ ( se$ 7see ,lawn71 s9ce x is ! lea/ exp5sive way4 ,= small areas1 & along ! sides ( walks & drives1 sods may be us$4 ,! results are quick]4 ,unless ! sod is ( ! "r k9d1 h[ev]1 & v c>efully laid1 ! results are n s good z ) se$4 ,illu/ration3 ,sod-cutt]1 = trimm+ sod edg+s ,! sod :i* is be/ adapt$ to ! ,sodd+ ( lawns is t :i* comes f an old1 closely graz$ pa/ure4 ,sod f a %eep pa/ure is suppos$ to be be/4 ,su* sod has be5 s closely graz$ t x has made a v d5se mat ( roots1 & all ! we$s h be5 de/roy$4 ,! dropp+s ( ! animals also make ! gr\nd ri*4 ,! sod %\ld be cut 9 v ?9 /rips4 ,x %\ld n be m ?an an in* & "o-half or two in*es 9 ?ickness4 ,if x is ?ick] ?an t1 x is heavy & bulky to h&le1 & is n s easily laid4 ,ord9>ily1 ! sod is cut 9 /rips t5 in*es or a foot wide4 ,a bo>d is laid on ! sod & ! /rip is cut along ei!r side ( x ) a sod cutt] or a %>p spade4 ,two m5 !n roll up ! sod4 ,"o /&s on ! /rip ( sod ) 8 face t[>d ! man :o1 ) ! spade1 cuts x loose b5ea?4 ,z x is cut loose1 ! man on ! /rip rolls ! sod s t ! upp] surface is on ! inside ( ! roll4 ,/rips long] ?an t5 or twelve feet make rolls :i* are too heavy to h&le ) ease4 ,illu/ration3 ,cutt+ sod ,! soil ^u :i* ! sod is to be plac$ %\ld be v loose1 s t ! sod1 c be p\nd$ d[n firmly4 ,"s heavy p\nd] %\ld be us$1 z a block ( wood4 ,x is usually impossible to p\nd d[n sod ) ! back ( a spade suffici5tly firm unless ! soil is v loose4 ,! sod %\ld be p\nd$ until ! top is ab\t level ) ! surr\nd+ soil4 ,?is insures contact ) ! soil b5ea?1 s t !re are no air spaces & no likelihood ( dry+ out4 ,sod p\nd$ d[n z firmly z ?is %\ld gr[ v readily4 ,if a sod edg+ is laid along walks & drives1 x %\ld be p\nd$ d[n an in* or m l[] ?an ! surr\nd+ loose l& :i* is se$$1 because ! loose l& w f9ally settle2 o!rwise ! sod bord] is likely to be high] ?an adjac5t l& aft] a ye> or two4 ,if !re are unev5 places on ! sodd$ area1 ^! depressions c be fill$ 9 ) v loose1 f9e soil2 & ! grass w gr[ ?r\gh x4 ,9 dry wea!r1 a sodd$ area may be mul*$ ) a half in* ( f9e loam to protect x4 ,,soils4 ,soils are ( _m k9ds4 ,! classification ( soils dep5ds ^u "o's po9t ( view4 ,g>d5]s ord9>ily call a good1 friable1 d>k-color$1 ri* ,soil a g>d5 loam4 ,no ,soil is s good t x _c be improv$4 ,x is improv$ 9 two g5]al ways3 by till+ 7see ,tillage71 & by ! application ( v>i\s sub/ances4 ,9 consid]+ ! improvem5t ( l&s by ! application ( =eign sub/ances1 two di/9ct ?+s are to be consid]$3 ! improvem5t ( ! physical texture1 or til?1 ( ! ,soil2 ! increas+ ( its plant-food4 ,^! are coord9ate objects4 ,9 "s cases "o may be ( prime importance1 & 9 ano!r case ! o!r may be m necess>y4 ,l&s :i* h a fair /ore ( available plant-food may be unproductive4 ,su* l&s may be v greatly b5efit$ by /able manure1 ev5 ?\gh t manure may h lo/ a l>ge "p ( f]tility by be+ baptiz$ "u ! eaves ( ! b>n4 ,if plant-food alone is ne$$1 !n "s conc5trat$ or comm]cial f]tiliz] may be ! be/ ?+ to apply4 ,9 mo/ cases ! ma9 or *ief amelioration ( ! l& is to be wr\ght by tillage1 /able manures1 mul*es1 gre5 crops1 & ! l2 if special results are desir$1 comm]cial f]tiliz]s may be add$ m or less lib]ally1 z ! case dem&s 7see ,manures1 ,f]tiliz]s74 ,! top-dress+ ( ,soils is (t5 v b5eficial because x t5ds to prev5t ! escape ( moi/ure1 & (t5 improves ! physical texture4 ,if ! mat]ial conta9s plant-food1 ! l& w also be directly enri*$4 ,! trimm+s f lawns may be a di/9ct protection to l&s if all[$ to rema9 7see ,lawns72 & ! leaves :i* bl[ into clumps ( %rubb]y may (t5 be all[$ to rema9 ) good results4 ,h[ev]1 if ! leaves become too ?ick ye> aft] ye>1 !y t5d to induce a surface root+ ( ! %rubs4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 may be no disadvantage unless ! mul* 7 f9ally to be remov$4 ,"o ( ! v be/ top-dress+s = bord]s & %rubb]y is sp5t tan b>k1 s9ce x does n pile up on ! gr\nd1 b t5ds to "w into x4 ,well-rott$ sawdu/ (t5 has ! same effect4 ,^! mat]ials are mu* us$ by g>d5]s1 :5 !y c be _h1 s9ce !y c be rak$ into ! soil 9 ! spr+1 & ne$ n be remov$4 ,,solidago4 ,see ,gold5rod4 ,illu/ration3 ,spade ,illu/ration3 ,%ovel ,,spades & ,,%ovels mu/ be a "p ( e g>d5 equipm5t4 ,! common & mo/ useful =ms are %[n 9 ! cuts1 b long-h&l$ tools are m useful = ! load+ ( e>?1 ! mak+ ( dit*es1 ! spread+ ( mul*es1 & ! l4 ,x pays to buy ! /eel tools1 ) /rongly /rapp$ h&les4 ,,spe>m9t is priz$ by _m p z a season+1 p>ticul>ly = ! ,?anksgiv+ & holiday cook]y4 ,x is a p]5nial & p]fectly h>dy1 & w live 9 ! op5 g>d5 ye> aft] ye>4 ,if a supply ( ! fre% h]bage is want$ 9 w9t]1 remove sods ( x to ! h\se six weeks be=e want$4 ,place ! sods 9 boxes1 & treat z = h\se plants4 ,! plants %\ld h be5 fro/$ & become p]fectly dormant be=e removal4 ,,sp9a*4 ,probably ! mo/ ext5sively gr[n e>ly spr+ vegetable1 be+ 9 great dem& z gre5s4 ,! e>lie/ crop t f9ds its way to m>ket is ga!r$ f se$ s[n 9 ,septemb] or ,octob]1 (t5 protect$ by frames or o!r means ?r\gh ! sev]e w9t]1 & cut soon aft] gr[? />ts 9 e>ly spr+4 ,ev5 z f> nor? z ,new ,york ,sp9a* may /& ov] w9t] )\t protection4 ,sp9a* is =c$ by plac+ sa% ov] ! frames 9 ,febru>y & ,m>*1 protect+ ! "y leaves f sev]e freez+ by mats or /raw ?r[n ov] ! frames4 ,se$ may be s[n 9 e>ly spr+ = a succession2 lat] 9 ! season se$ ( ! ,new ,zeal& ,summ] ,sp9a* may be s[n1 & ?is w gr[ ?r\gh ! heat ( ! summ] & yield a f9e quality ( leaves4 ,! se$ ( ?is k9d be+ v h>d1 %\ld be scald$ & all[$ to soak a few h\rs be=e s[+4 ,?is se$ is usually s[n 9 hills ab\t ?ree feet ap>t1 s[+ f\r to six se$s 9 ea* hill4 ,! spr+ & w9t] ,sp9a* %\ld be s[n 9 drills #ab to #ad in*es ap>t1 "o ounce be+ suffici5t = #ajj feet ( drill4 ,rememb] t common ,sp9a* is a cool-wea!r 7fall & spr+7 crop4 ,,spray+4 ,( late ye>s ,spray+ has come to be "o ( ! mo/ important ( all horticultural op]ations4 ,mo/ k9ds ( injuri\s fungi & insects c be combat$ by a wat] spray 9 :i* v>i\s poisons or injuri\s sub/ances are conta9$4 ,!re are two g5]al classes ( ,spray+ mat]ial3 fir/1 fungicides1 or ^? :i* are us$ = ! control ( fungi or plant diseases2 second1 insecticides1 or ^? :i* are us$ = ! control ( insect enemies4 ,! fungicides usually conta9 copp] or sulfur1 or bo?4 ,! mo/ popul> & g5]ally useful fungicide is ! ,bordeaux mixture 7:i* see74 ,x %\ld be borne 9 m9d t mo/ injuri\s fungi "w on ! int]ior ( ! leaf or /em1 & only ! spore-be>+ p>ts come to ! surface4 ,x is !re=e v important t ,spray+ ) fungicides be done v e>ly 9 ord] to prev5t ! fungus f gett+ a hold4 ,x is mu* bett] to ,spray once v ?or\ghly ?an to ,spray a half doz5 times c>elessly4 ,x is important t ! entire surface ( ! foliage or /ems be cov]$ ) ! mat]ial 9 ord] to prev5t ! access ( ! fungi4 ,( insecticides1 !re are two g5]al types3 ^? :i* kill by ext]nal contact & are appli$ to plant lice1 scale insects1 & all o!r insects :i* suck _! food2 & ! poison\s comp\nds :i* are us$ = ! *ew+ insects1 z all ! tribes ( worms & beetles4 ,( ! =m] class1 ! mo/ important mat]ial is k]os5e 9 v>i\s =ms 7:i* see74 ,( ! latt] k9d is ,p>is gre5 7:i* see74 ,= insects1 ,spray j z soon z ! attack is evid5t4 ,p>is gre5 & ,bordeaux mixture may be us$ toge!r4 ,! be/ pump = ,spray+ is ! "o :i* ?r[s ! /ream ! greate/ di/ance ) ! lea/ am\nt ( liquid1 & ! be/ nozzle is t :i* di/ributes ! mat]ial mo/ f9ely & ev5ly4 ,= ,spray+ plants close at h&1 ! ,v]morel nozzle is n[ ! mo/ popul>4 ,if x is desir$ to rea* ! tops ( l>ge trees1 "s o!r nozzle %\ld be us$1 z ! ,mc,gowen1 ,boss1 or o!r types4 ,e outfit %\ld h two or ?ree k9ds ( nozzles = diff]5t k9ds ( "w4 ,get a pump ) mu* p[]4 ,spray ?or\ghly4 ,! g5]al rule is to spray ! entire plant until ! mat]ial beg9s to drip1 at :i* "t x may be suppos$ t ! plant is cov]$ completely4 ,:5 & h[ (t5 "o %\ld ,spray1 & :at mat]ial he %\ld use1 w dep5d entirely ^u ! difficulty :i* he is endeavor+ to combat4 ,mo/ fruit trees %\ld be ,spray$ be=e !y bloom & aga9 j aft]w>ds4 ,sometimes !y w ne$ ,spray+ aga94 ,,sprekelia4 ,culture ( ,am>yllis4 ,,squa%4 ,! "t ( plant+1 me?od ( prep>+ ! hills & aft] culture are ! same z = cucumb]s & melons 7:i* see71 except t = ! ,e>ly ,bu% v>ieties ! hills %\ld be #d or #e feet ap>t1 & = ! lat] runn+ v>ieties f #f to #h feet ap>t4 ,f eight to t5 se$s %\ld be plant$ 9 ea* hill1 ?9n+ to f\r plants aft] dang] f bugs is ov]4 ,( ! e>ly ,squa%es1 "o ounce ( se$ w plant fifty hills2 ( ! lat] v>ieties1 "o ounce w plant b eighte5 to tw5ty hills4 ,= w9t] use1 v>ieties ( ! ,hubb>d type are be/4 ,= summ] use1 ! ,crooknecks & ,scallop ,squa%es are popul>4 ,9 gr[+ w9t] ,squa%es 9 a nor!rn climate1 x is ess5tial t ! plants />t (f quickly & vigor\sly3 a little *emical f]tiliz] w help4 ,pumpk9s are gr[n ! same z ,squa%es4 ,illu/ration3 ,hubb>d ,squa% ,illu/ration3 ,scallop or ,patty-pan ,summ] ,squa% ,,squills 7,scilla74 ,,blue ,,bell4 ,,wild ,,hyac9?4 ,well-kn[n bulb\s plants1 mo/ ( !m h>dy4 ,!y plant well ) sn[drops & crocus1 fl[]+ at ! same "t1 b cont9u+ long] 9 bloom4 ,! colors are r$1 p9k1 blue or :ite4 ,! blue v>ieties h v f9e %ades ( color4 ,%\ld be plant$ 9 ,octob] & rema9 undi/urb$4 ,,/ocks4 ,! ,t5-weeks & ! bi5nial or ,brompton ,/ocks1 are f\nd 9 ne>ly all old-fa%ion$ g>d5s4 ,mo/ g>d5s are ?\ght to be incomplete )\t ,/ocks1 & ! use ( ! bi5nial fl[]+ species z h\se plants is increas+4 ,! ,t5-weeks ,/ock is usually gr[n f se$ s[n 9 hotb$ or boxes 9 ,m>*4 ,! se$l+s are transplant$ sev]al times previ\s to be+ plant$ out 9 e>ly ,may4 ,at ea* transplant+ ! soil %\ld be made a little ri*]4 ,! d\ble fl[]s w be m num]\s :5 ! soil is ri*4 ,! bi5nial species %\ld be s[n ! season previ\s to t 9 :i* fl[]s are want$1 ! plants w9t]$ ov] 9 a cool h\se1 & gr[n on ! foll[+ spr+4 ,!y may be plant$ out ?r\gh ! summ] & lift$ into pots 9 ,augu/ or ,septemb] = w9t] fl[]+4 ,^! may be increas$ by cutt+s tak5 f ! side %oots2 b ! s[+ ( se$ is a sur] me?od1 & unless an extra f9e v>iety is to be sav$1 x w\ld be ! be/ "o to pursue4 ,height #aj to #ae in*es4 ,,/or+4 ,! pr9ciples :i* are involv$ 9 ! ,/or+ ( p]i%able products1 z fruits & vegetables1 diff] ) ! diff]5t commodities4 ,all ! root crops1 & mo/ fruits1 ne$ to be kept 9 a cool1 moi/ & uni=m temp]ature if !y are to be pres]v$ a great l5g? ( "t4 ,squa%es1 sweet potatoes1 & "s o!r ?+s1 ne$ to be kept 9 an int]m$iate & :at might be call$ a high temp]ature2 & ! atmosph]e %\ld be dri] ?an = mo/ o!r products4 ,! l[ temp]ature has ! effect ( arre/+ decomposition & ! "w ( fungi & bact]ia4 ,! moi/ atmosph]e has ! effect ( prev5t+ too great evaporation & ! consequ5t %rivel+4 ,9 ! ,/or+ ( any commodity1 x is v important to see t ! product is 9 prop] condition = keep+4 ,disc>d all specim5s :i* are bruis$ or :i* are likely to decay4 ,mu* ( ! decay ( fruits & vegetables 9 ,/orage is n ! fault ( ! ,/orage1 b is really ! "w ( diseases ) :i* ! mat]ials are infe/$ be=e !y are put into ,/orage4 ,= example1 if potatoes & cabbages are affect$ ) ! rot1 x is practically impossible to keep !m any l5g? ( "t4 ,apples1 w9t] pe>s1 & all roots1 %\ld be kept at a temp]ature some:at ne> ! freez+ po9t4 ,x %\ld n raise above #dj deg4 ,fahr4 = be/ results4 ,apples c ev5 be kept at "o or two degrees bel[ ! freez+ po9t if ! temp]ature is kept uni=m4 ,cell>s 9 :i* !re are heat]s are likely to be too dry & ! temp]ature too high4 ,9 su* cases x is well to keep fre% vegetables & fruits 9 tight receptacles1 & pack ! roots 9 s& or moss 9 ord] to prev5t %rivel+4 ,9 ^! places1 apples usually keep bett] if head$ up 9 b>rels ?an if kept on racks or %elves4 ,9 moi/ & cool cell>s1 h[ev]1 x is pref]able = ! home supply to place !m on %elves1 n pil+ !m m ?an five or six in*es deep1 = !n !y c be sort$ ov] z occasion requires4 ,9 case ( fruits1 be sure t ! specim5s are n ov]-ripe :5 plac$ 9 /orage4 ,if apples are all[$ to lie 9 ! sun = a few days )\t be+ pack$1 !y w rip5 s mu* t x is v difficult to keep !m4 ,illu/ration3 ,a good out-door cell> ,cabbages %\ld be kept at a l[ & uni=m temp]ature1 & wat] %\ld be dra9$ away f !m4 ,!y are ,/or$ 9 _m ways 9 ! field1 b success dep5ds s mu* ^u ! season1 p>ticul> v>iety1 rip5ess1 & ! fre$om f injuries by fungi & insects1 t uni=m results are r>ely secur$ by any me?od4 ,! be/ results are to be expect$ :5 !y c be kept 9 a h\se :i* is built = ! purpose1 9 :i* ! temp]ature c be kept uni=m & ! air fairly moi/4 ,:5 ,/or$ out ( doors1 !y are likely to freeze & ?aw alt]nately2 & if ! wat] runs into ! heads1 mis*ief is likely to result4 ,sometimes !y are easily ,/or$ by be+ pil$ into a conical heap on well-dra9$ soil & cov]$ ) dry /raw1 & ! /raw cov]$ ) bo>ds4 ,x does n matt] if !y are fro/$1 provid$ !y d n ?aw out frequ5tly4 ,sometimes cabbages are laid head d[n 9 a %all[ furr[ pl[$ 9 well-dra9$ l&1 & ov] !m is ?r[n /raw1 ! /umps be+ all[$ to project ?r\gh ! cov]4 ,x is only 9 w9t]s ( r uni=m temp]ature t good results are to be expect$ f su* me?ods4 ,9 ! ,/or+ ( all ?+s1 especially ^? :i* h s(t & gre5 matt]1 z cabbages1 x is well to provide = ! heat+ ( ! produce4 ,if ! ?+s are buri$ out ( doors1 x is important to put on a v light cov] at fir/ s t ! heat may escape4 ,cov] !m gradually z ! cold wea!r comes on4 ,?is is important ) all vegetables t are plac$ 9 pits1 z potatoes1 beets & ! l4 ,if cov]$ deeply at once1 !y are likely to heat & rot4 ,all pits made out ( doors %\ld be on well-dra9$ & pref]ably s&y l&4 ,:5 vegetables are want$ at int]vals dur+ ! w9t] f pits1 x is well to make comp>tm5t pits1 ea* comp>tm5t hold+ a wagon load or :atev] quantity w be likely to be want$ at ea* "t4 ,^! pits are sunk 9 well-dra9$ l&1 & betwe5 ea* ( ! two pits is left a wall ( e>? ab\t a foot ?ick4 ,"o pit c !n be empti$ 9 cold wea!r )\t int]f]+ ) ! o!rs4 ,an outside cell> is bett] ?an a h\se cell> 9 :i* !re is a heat]1 b x is n s h&y4 ,if x is ne> ! h\se1 x ne$ n be inconv5i5t1 h[ev]4 ,a h\se is usually heal?i] if ! cell> is n us$ = /orage4 ,h\se cell>s us$ = /orage %\ld h a v5tilat+ %aft4 ,illu/ration3 ,/rawb]ries ,,/rawb]ry4 ,! say+ t ,/rawb]ries w gr[ on almo/ any soil is mislead+1 al?\gh true4 ,"s v>ieties ( ,/rawb]ries w gr[ on c]ta9 soils bett] ?an o!r v>ieties4 ,:at ^! v>ieties are c only be det]m9$ by an actual te/1 b x is a safe rule to select su* v>ieties z prove good 9 _m localities4 ,z to ! me?ods ( culture1 s mu* dep5ds on ! size ( ! plot1 ! purpose = :i* ! fruit is want$1 & ! am\nt ( c>e "o is will+ to give1 t no set rule c be giv5 = a g>d5 9 :i* b few plants are gr[n & extra c>e c be giv54 ,l>ge fruits & a numb] ( !m may be _h by gr[+ to ! s+le plant1 keep+ (f all runn]s & rely+ on num]\s fruit-cr[ns on "o plant = ! crop ( b]ries4 ,or ,/rawb]ries may be gr[n by ! n>r[ matt$-r[ sy/em1 9 :i* ! runn]s1 be=e root+1 %\ld be turn$ along ! r[s at a di/ance ( f #d to #f in*es f ! p>5t plant4 ,^! runn]s %\ld be ! fir/ ones made by ! plant & %\ld n be all[$ to root !mselves1 b set 94 ,?is is n a difficult op]ation2 & if ! runn]s are sep>at$ f ! p>5t plant z soon z !y become well e/abli%$1 ! dra9 on t plant is n great4 ,all o!r runn]s %\ld be cut (f z !y />t4 ,! r[ %\ld be ab\t #ab in*es wide at fruit+ "t4 ,ea* plant %\ld h suffici5t fe$+ gr\nd1 full sunlight1 & a firm hold 9 ! soil4 ,?is matt$-r[ sy/em is p]haps z good a me?od1 ei!r 9 a private g>d5 or field culture1 z c\ld be practic$4 ,) a little c>e 9 hoe+1 we$+ & cutt+ (f runn]s1 ! b$s seem to produce z l>ge crops ! second ye> z ! fir/4 ,illu/ration3 ,well plant$ ,/rawb]ry ,! old way ( gr[+ a crop 0 to set ! plants #aj to #ab in*es ap>t1 9 r[s #c feet ap>t1 & all[ !m to run & root at w1 ! results be+ a mass ( small1 cr[d$ plants1 ea* /riv+ to obta9 plant-food & none ( !m succe$+ 9 gett+ en\gh4 ,! la/1 or outside runn]s1 hav+ b ! tips ( _! roots 9 ! gr\nd1 are mov$ by ! w9d1 heav$ by ! fro/1 or h ! expos$ roots dri$ out by ! w9d & sun4 ,illu/ration3 ,pot-gr[n ,/rawb]ry ,gr\nd ri* 9 pota% produces ! firme/ & be/ flavor$ b]ries4 ,excessive use ( /able manure1 usually ri* 9 nitrog51 %\ld be avoid$1 z t5d+ to make too rank gr[? ( foliage & b]ries ( a s(t texture4 ,except 9 ! case ( a skillful gr[] 9 a favor$ locality1 ! fall sett+ ( plants is n to be recomm5d$4 ,! prep>ation ( ! soil & c>e ( ! plants m ?an ov]balance ! p>tial crop obta9$ ! foll[+ spr+4 ,9 ! s+le-plant or hill sy/em ! plants %\ld be set #ab in*es ap>t1 9 r[s #c feet ap>t4 ,9 ! n>r[ matt$ r[ sy/em ! plants %\ld be set #ah in*es ap>t1 9 r[s #c-a_/b feet ap>t4 ,! fir/ me?od requires ab\t #ad1jjj plants p] acre1 ! second ab\t #h1jjj plants4 ,! w9t] treatm5t ( a ,/rawb]ry b$ %\ld consi/ 9 cov]+ ! plants1 :5 ! gr\nd is froz51 9 ,novemb] or ,decemb]1 ) /raw or hay4 ,salt m>% hay1 if obta9able1 is ! be/1 z no we$ se$s are introduc$4 ,cov] ! soil & ! plants to ! dep? ( #c to #f in*es4 ,z soon z gr[? beg9s 9 spr+1 rake ! mul* (f1 all[+ x to lie betwe5 ! r[s2 or1 if ! soil is h>d or we$y1 x may be tak5 (f ! pat* entirely1 ! gr\nd till$1 & !n replac$ = ! purpose ( hold+ moi/ure & keep+ ! b]ries clean4 ,usually1 ,/rawb]ries may be fruit$ twice or ?ree times2 b on ri* soil1 ) extra good c>e1 ! fir/ crop may be v heavy1 & ! pat* may be pl[$ up !reaft]4 ,"s v>ieties d n produce poll51 & n m ?an two r[s ( ^! %\ld be plant$ )\t a r[ ( a poll5-be>+ k9d4 ,! ru/ & mildew may be held 9 *eck by ,bordeaux mixture4 ,x is usually suffici5t to spray aft] ! bloom+ season 7or at any "t ! fir/ ye> ! plants are set71 9 ord] to secure heal?y foliage = ! next ye>4 ,,sunfl[] 7,helian?us74 ,p :o "k only ! co>se annual ,sunfl[] are n aw>e ( ! beauty :i* x is possible to secure ) ! h]bace\s p]5nials belong+ to t family4 ,no bord] %\ld be )\t a few ( ! h>dy species4 ,_! bloom+ p]iod ext5ds f e>ly 9 ,augu/ until heavy fro/4 ,! color runs f light lemon to ! ri*e/ orange1 & ! range ( gr[? f #c to #aj feet1 ?us enabl+ "o to scatt] !m ?r\gh ! bord] )\t any =mal arrangem5t4 ,!y are ( ! easie/ culture4 ,plants may be dug 9 ! wild or b\ght ( nurs]ym54 ,! dome/icat$ d\ble ,helian?us multiflorus is always valuable4 ,illu/ration3 ,d\ble ,sunfl[] ,illu/ration3 ,orgyalis ,sunfl[] ,illu/ration3 ,wild ,sunfl[] ,plant ,( ! annual ,sunfl[]s1 !re are "s :i* are n g5]ally cultivat$ t %\ld receive m att5tion4 ,! silv]-leav$ species f ,texas 7,h4 argophyllus71 & ! small1 light lemon-yell[ v>iety1 are two ( ! be/4 ,illu/ration3 ,wild ,sunfl[] ,,swa9sona4 ,?is makes a v desirable h\se plant1 bloom+ ?r\gh ! late w9t] & e>ly spr+ mon?s4 ,! blossoms1 :i* resemble ^? ( ! pea1 are borne 9 long racemes4 ,! foliage is f9ely cut1 resembl+ small locu/ leaves1 & adds to ! beauty ( ! plant1 ! :ole effect be+ exce$+ly graceful4 ,x may be gr[n f se$ or cutt+s4 ,propagate a new /ock ea* ye>4 ,! fl[]s are l>ge & pure :ite4 ,! plant has be5 call$ ! ,w9t] ,sweet ,pea1 b ! fl[]s are n fragrant4 ,,swan ,,riv] ,,daisy 7,bra*ycome ib]idifolia7 is a *>m+ little bord] plant1 gr[+ to ! height ( #ab to #ae in*es1 & be>+ quantities ( blue or :ite fl[]s4 ,! fl[]s la/ a long "t :5 cut1 & give a vase ( fl[]s a light1 graceful effect4 ,! se$ %\ld be s[n 9 boxes1 hotb$1 or w9d[s2 or1 9 w>m g>d5 soil1 ! se$ may be s[n :]e ! plants are to /&4 ,only half h>dy1 & %\ld n be plant$ out until settl$ wea!r4 ,annual4 ,,sweet ,,corn4 ,see ,corn4 ,,sweet ,,h]bs4 ,! ,h]b g>d5 %\ld f9d a place on all amateurs' gr\nds4 ,h]bs may readily be made pr(itable by dispos+ ( ! surplus to ! gre5 groc] & ! druggi/4 ,! latt] w (t5 buy all t ! h\sewife wi%es to dispose (1 z ! g5]al supply ( m$ic9al h]bs is gr[n by speciali/s1 & goes into ! h&s ( ! :olesal] & is (t5 old :5 receiv$ by ! local deal]4 ,! se$sm5's catalogues m5tion upw>ds ( =ty diff]5t ,h]bs1 m$ic9al & cul9>y4 ,! majority ( !m are p]5nial1 & w gr[ = _m ye>s if well tak5 c>e (4 ,h[ev]1 x is bett] to res[ e ?ree or f\r ye>s4 ,! annual k9ds are rais$ f se$s ea* ye>4 ,b$s #d feet squ>e ( ea* ( ! ,h]bs w supply an ord9>y family4 ,,sweet ,,pea4 ,no annual receives great] att5tion ^! days ?an ! ,sweet ,pea4 ,sweet ,pea exhibitions are held 9 sev]al sections ( ! c\ntry1 ! press gives consid]able space to ! discussion ( v>ieties1 & ! public g5]ally is int]e/$ 9 ! gr[+ or buy+ ( ! fl[]4 ,on any occasion ! ,sweet ,pea is 9 place4 ,a b\quet ( %ad$ colors1 ) a few sprays ( galium or ! p]5nial gypsophila1 makes "o ( ! *oice/ ( table decorations4 ,deep1 mell[ soil1 e>ly plant+ & heavy mul*+ suit !m admirably4 ,s[ ! se$s z soon z ! gr\nd is fit to "w 9 ! spr+1 mak+ a drill #e in*es deep4 ,s[ ?ickly & cov] ) #b in*es ( soil4 ,:5 ! plants h made #b or #c in*es gr[? above ! soil1 fill ! drill ne>ly full1 leav+ a slight depression 9 :i* wat] may be caught4 ,aft] ! soil is ?or\ghly soak$ ) wat]1 a good mul* w hold ! moi/ure4 ,to h ! gr\nd ready 9 e>ly spr+1 x is a good plan to tr5* ! soil 9 ! fall4 ,! top ( ! soil !n dries out v quickly 9 ! spr+ & is left 9 good physical condition4 ,frequ5t syr++ ) cle> wat] w keep (f ! r$ spid] t (t5 de/roys ! foliage1 & att5tion to pick+ ! se$ pods w l5g!n ! season ( bloom4 ,if ! f9e/ fl[]s are want$1 d n let ! plants /& less ?an #h-ab in*es ap>t4 ,illu/ration3 ,sweet ,pea ,a succession ( s[+s may be made at int]vals ?r\gh ,may & ,june1 & a fair fall crop obta9$ if c>e is tak5 to wat] & mul*2 b ! be/ results w be secur$ ) ! v e>ly plant+4 ,9 ! middle & s\!rn /ates1 ! se$ may be plant$ 9 fall1 p>ticul>ly 9 light] soils4 ,x is easy to get soils too ri* 9 nitrog5 = ,sweet ,peas2 9 su* case1 !y w run to v9e at ! exp5se ( fl[]s4 ,if ! plants are wat]$1 apply en\gh to soak ! soil1 & d n wat] frequ5tly4 ,,sweet ,,potatoes are gr[n f spr\ts plant$ on ridges or hills1 n by plant+ ! tub]s1 z ) ! common or ,iri% potato4 ,! me?od ( obta9+ ^! spr\ts is z foll[s3 ,9 ,april1 tub]s ( ,sweet ,potatoes are plant$ 9 a p>tially sp5t hotb$ by us+ ! :ole tub] 7or if a l>ge "o1 by cutt+ x 9 two ?r\gh ! long way71 cov]+ ! tub]s ) #b in*es ( light1 well firm$ soil4 ,! sa% %\ld be put on ! frames & only en\gh v5tilation giv5 to keep ! ,potatoes f decay+4 ,9 t5 or twelve days ! "y spr\ts %\ld beg9 to appe>1 & ! b$ %\ld be wat]$ if dry4 ,! spr\ts :5 pull$ f ! tub] w be f\nd to h rootlets at ! l[] end & along ! /ems4 ,^! spr\ts %\ld be ab\t #c to #e in*es long by ! "t ! gr\nd is w>m en\gh to plant !m out4 ,! ridges or hills %\ld be prep>$ by pl[+ out a furr[ #d to #f in*es deep4 ,scatt] manure 9 ! furr[ & pl[ back ! soil s z to raise ! c5t] at lea/ #f in*es above ! level ( ! soil4 ,on ?is ridge ! plants are set1 plac+ ! plants well 9 to ! leaves1 & ab\t #ab to #ah in*es ap>t 9 ! r[s1 ! r[s be+ f #c to #d feet ap>t4 ,! aft] cultivation consi/s 9 /irr+ ! soil betwe5 ! ridges2 & z ! v9es beg9 to run !y %\ld be lift$ frequ5tly to prev5t root+ at ! jo9ts4 ,:5 ! tips ( ! v9es h be5 t\*$ by fro/ ! crop may be h>ve/$1 ! tub]s left to dry a few days1 & /or$ 9 a dry1 w>m place4 ,to keep ,sweet ,potatoes1 /ore 9 lay]s 9 b>rels or boxes 9 dry s&1 & keep !m 9 a dry room4 ,see t all bruis$ or *ill$ potatoes are ?r[n out4 ,,syr++ plants ) wat] has two g5]al (fices3 to clean ! plants ( pe/s or ( dirt2 to *eck evaporation or transpiration f ! plant itself4 ,g>d5]s look ^u wat] z a good insecticide4 ,t is1 if x c be ?r[n ^u ! plants some:at =cibly by means ( a syr+e or pump1 or by ! hydrant hose1 x w wa% (f ! insects & dr[n _m ( !m4 ,! wat] %\ld be appli$ 9 a f9e & some:at =cible spray4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 t ! plant is n torn or bruis$4 ,! r$ spid] is "o ( ! mo/ s]i\s pe/s on h\se plants1 &1 9 a dry season1 on plants ab\t ! lawn4 ,x ?rives 9 a dry atmosph]e4 ,x usually lives on ! "u sides ( ! leaves4 ,syr++ ! plants frequ5tly w de/roy ! pe/s4 ,! ?rips & slugs on rose bu%es c ne>ly always be kept 9 *eck if "o c spray or syr+e 8 plants frequ5tly4 ,see ,spray+4 ,syr++ to *eck transpiration f ! foliage is v useful ) plants :i* are rec5tly transplant$4 ,= in/ance1 :5 c>nations are tak5 f ! field & plac$ 9 ! h\se1 x is well to syr+e !m occasionally until !y h become e/abli%$4 ,! same is true ) cutt+s4 ,9 ,syr++ plants1 x is well to take c>e t ! gr\nd does n become too wet2 o!rwise ! plant may suff] at its root4 ,9 ! h\se1 plants %\ld r>ely be syr+$ except :5 ! wea!r is bright1 s t !y may soon dry (f4 ,! plant %\ld n g into ! night ) wet foliage4 ,out ( doors 9 hot wea!r1 x is be/ to syr+e t[>d nightfall4 ,! foliage w ord9>ily n suff] 9 su* cases4 ,) plants 9 ! h\se1 x is necess>y to keep ! leaves dry mo/ ( ! "t 9 ord] t fungi may n bre$4 ,?is is true ( c>nations1 :i* are v liable to attacks ( ! ru/4 ,plants are sometimes syr+$ or spray$ to protect !m f fro/4 ,see ,fro/4 ,,t]races may be desirable = two reasons3 to hold a v /eep slope2 to af=d an ar*itectural base = a build+4 ,x is r>ely necess>y to make a di/9ct ,t]race 9 ! lawn4 ,ev5 if ! lawn is v /eep1 x may be bett] to make a gradual slope ?an to cut ! place 9 two ) a ,t]race4 ,a ,t]race makes a place look small]4 ,x is always difficult to make & to keep 9 repair4 ,! surface is n readily cut ) a lawn m[]4 ,unless ! sod is v d5se1 ! upp] corn] t5ds to wa% (f ) ! ra9s & ! foot t5ds to fill 94 ,nature does n h /raight banks unless !y are rock4 ,! illu/ration 9 ! m>g9 %[s h[ x is possible to treat a slop+ lawn4 ,9 ! di/ance is a di/9ct1 %>p-angl$ ,t]race2 b 9 ! =egr\nd ?is ,t]race has be5 c>ri$ out into ! lawn1 s t ! slope is an agreeable "o4 ,illu/ration3 ,a slope is bett] ?an a t]race ,if x is necess>y to ,t]race a y>d 9 ord] to hold x1 ! ,t]race w\ld bett] be at "o side r ?an 9 ! middle4 ,9 t case1 "o is able to secure a good bread? ( lawn4 ,if ! ,t]race is at ! out] side next ! /reet1 a p]p5dicul>1 mason-"w1 reta9+ wall may be con/ruct$4 ,if x is on ! inn] side ( ! lawn1 x may be plac$ close to ! build+ & be made to appe> z a "p ( ! ar*itecture3 x may be made ! base ( ! build+4 ,if ?is is done1 !re %\ld be a balu/rade ar\nd ! edge ( ! ,t]race to give x ar*itectural feel+4 ,! desc5t f ! ,t]race to ! lawn may be made by means ( /eps1 s z to add to ! ar*itectural aspect ( ! place4 ,t]races are mo/ 9 place ab\t build+s :i* h _m /rong horizontal l9es2 !y d n l5d !mselves s well to build+s 9 ! ,go?ic /yle4 ,! g5]al t5d5cy is to make too _m ,t]races4 ,! cases are relatively few 9 :i* !y may n be disp5s$ )4 ,,?9n+ ( fruit has f\r g5]al uses3 to cause ! rema9+ fruit to gr[ l>g]2 to increase ! *ances ( annual crops2 to save ! vitality ( ! tree2 to enable "o to combat insects & diseases by de/roy+ ! injur$ fruit4 ,! ,?9n+ ( fruit is ne>ly always done soon aft] ! fruit is ?or\ghly set4 ,x is !n possible to det]m9e :i* ( ! fruits are likely to p]si/4 ,pea*es are usually ,?9n$ :5 !y are ! size ( "o's ?umb4 ,if ,?9n$ be=e ?is "t1 !y are s small t x is difficult to pick !m (f2 & x is n s easy to see ! "w ( ! curculio & !reby to select ! injur$ fruits4 ,simil> rem>ks w apply to o!r fruits4 ,! g5]al t5d5cy is1 ev5 ) ^? :o ,?9 _! fruits1 n to ,?9 en\gh4 ,x is usually saf] to take (f :at w\ld seem to be too _m ?an n to take (f en\gh4 ,! rema9+ specim5s are bett]4 ,v>ieties :i* t5d to ov]be> pr(it v greatly by ,?9n+4 ,?is is notably ! case ) _m ,japanese plums1 :i*1 if n ,?9n$1 are v inf]ior4 ,?9n+ may also be accompli%$ by prun+4 ,if "o kn[s :]e ! fruit buds are1 cutt+ !m (f w h ! effect ( remov+ ! fruit4 ,9 ! case ( t5d] fruits1 l pea*es1 h[ev]1 x may n be advisable to ,?9 v heavily by means ( prun+1 s9ce ! fruit may be /ill fur!r ,?9n$ by ! rema9+ days ( w9t]1 by late spr+ fro/1 or by ! leaf-curl or o!r disease4 ,h[ev]1 ! prop] prun+ ( a pea* tree 9 w9t] is1 9 "p1 a ,?9n+ ( ! fruit4 ,! pea* is borne on ! wood ( ! previ\s season's gr[?4 ,! be/ fruits are to be expect$ on ! /ronge/ & heavie/ gr[?4 ,x is ! practice ( pea*-gr[]s to remove all ! weak & immature wood f ! inside ( ! tree4 ,?is has ! effect ( ,?9n+ out ! inf]ior fruit & all[+ ! en]gy ( ! tree to be exp5d$ on ! rema9d]4 ,apples are r>ely ,?9n$2 b 9 _m cases1 ,?9n+ c be done ) pr(it4 ,on all home gr\nds1 fruits %\ld be ,?9n$ :5ev] ! trees are v full4 ,9 g5]al1 ! be/ "t to ?9 ! fruit1 z already said1 is :5 ! fruits h become l>ge en\gh to be se5 & h&l$4 ,! disc>d$ fruits %\ld be burn$ if !y conta9 insects or fungi4 ,,?unb]gia4 ,t5d] climb]s1 mak+ v pretty l[ scre5s4 ,!y are at _! be/ :5 gr[n along ! gr\nd :]e ! moi/ure keeps !m free f ! attacks ( r$ spid]4 ,"s ( ! k9ds are v f9e vase or basket plants4 ,all may be gr[n easily f se$4 ,annuals1 #d to #f feet4 ,fl[]s :ite & yell[4 ,illu/ration3 ,?unb]gia alata ,,tillage4 ,by ,tillage is meant ! /irr+ ( ! soil4 ,tillage is ! fundam5tal op]ation 9 agricultural practice4 ,mo/ f>m]s till = ?ree reasons3 to get ! se$ into ! l&2 to keep ! we$s d[n2 & to get ! crop out ( ! l&4 ,! real reason = ,tillage1 h[ev]1 is to ameliorate ! l&2 t is1 ,tillage makes ! soil mell[ & f9e1 & an agreeable place 9 :i* plants may gr[4 ,x enables ! soil to hold moi/ure1 to pres5t ! greate/ fe$+ surface to roots1 to all[ ! circulation ( air1 & int5sifies _m *emical activities4 ,till+ ! soil is ! fir/ means ( mak+ x productive4 ,if "o und]/&s ! _m =ces t are set at "w1 ! ,till+ ( ! soil becomes "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ & excit+ ( all agricultural op]ations4 ,illu/ration3 ,= h& ,till+ ,! exact me?od ( ,till+ ! soil 9 any p>ticul> case mu/ be det]m9$ by _m circum/ances4 ,light soils are h&l$ diff]5tly f heavy soils2 & mu* dep5ds also ^u ! season ( ! ye> 9 :i* ! ,tillage is done4 ,9 all ord9>y soils1 ! ef=t %\ld be made to "w !m deep1 s t !re is a deep res]voir = ! /orage ( moi/ure & a l>ge area 9 :i* roots c "w4 ,subsequ5t ,tillage ?r\gh\t ! gr[+ season is p]=m$ v l>gely = ! purpose ( keep+ ! top ( ! soil loose & f9e s t ! moi/ure f b5ea? _c pass (f into ! atmosph]e4 ,?is loose lay] ( soil1 ext5d+ two or ?ree in*es f ! surface1 may itself be v dry2 b x breaks up ! capill>y connection betwe5 ! l[] soil & ! air1 & !reby prev5ts evaporation4 ,?is surface lay] ( loose1 mell[ soil is (t5 spok5 ( z ! e>?-mul*4 ,x answ]s mu* ! same purpose z a mul* ( /raw or leaves 9 int]pos+ a mat]ial betwe5 ! moi/ soil & ! air ?r\gh :i* ! moi/ure _c rise4 ,if ?is mul* is repair$ z (t5 z x %\ld be1 we$s _c gr[2 b ! object ( ! ,till+ is m to make & ma9ta9 ! mul* ?an to de/roy we$s4 ,! surface %\ld be ,till$ %all[ 9 ! gr[+ season z (t5 z x t5ds to become compact or encru/$4 ,?is w be aft] e ra91 & usually z (t5 z once 9 t5 days :5 !re is no ra94 ,! tools to be us$ = ?is surface ,tillage are ^? :i* w comm9ute or f9e ! soil mo/ completely )\t compact+ x or leav+ x 9 ridges or 9 furr[s4 ,9 g>d5 "w1 a f9e rake is ! ideal ?+2 :]eas 9 field "w1 "s ( ! wire-too? we$]s or smoo?+ h>r[s are excell5t4 ,9 fields :i* are h>d & lumpy1 h[ev]1 x w be necess>y to use heavi] & r\gh] tools4 ,illu/ration3 ,/eel rake ,9 ord] to break d[n h>d clay soils1 "o mu/ ex]cise great c>e n to "w !m :5 !y are wet2 & also n to "w !m v mu* :5 !y are dry4 ,!re is a "t1 %ortly aft] a ra91 :5 clay lumps w break to pieces ) a v slight bl[4 ,at ?is "t x is well to g ov] !m ) a h>r[ or a rake4 ,aft] ! next ra91 !y c be gone ov] aga91 & be=e ! end ( ! season ! soil %\ld be 9 f9e condition4 ,an excell5t way ( break+ d[n clay l& is to pl[ or spade x 9 ! fall & all[ x to wea!r 9 ! w9t]4 ,9 su* cases ! l& %\ld n be rak$ or h>r[$1 b all[$ to lie r\gh & loose4 ,v h>d clay l&s sometimes run toge!r or cem5t if h&l$ 9 ?is way1 b ?is w n occur if ! l& has /ubble or sod or a dress+ ( manure1 = ! fibr\s matt] w !n prev5t x f puddl+4 ,lime s[n on clay l& at ! rate ( tw5ty to =ty bu%els to ! acre also has a di/9ct effect 9 pulv]iz+ x4 ,?is may be s[n 9 fall1 or pref]ably 9 spr+ :5 ! l& is pl[$4 ,"o ( ! mo/ important ways ( ameliorat+ l& is to "w vegetable matt] into x s z to give x humus4 ,soils :i* are loose1 black & friable conta9 mu* ( ?is vegetable mold4 ,9 _m cases ! *ief value ( /able manure is to add ?is humus to ! soil4 ,_m soils ne$ humus m ?an !y ne$ plant-food1 & h5ce /able manure gives bett] results 9 ^? cases ?an comm]cial f]tiliz]s4 ,! f>m] secures ! humus by pl[+ "u /ubble & sod1 & occasional gre5 crops4 ,,tomato4 ,! e>ly fruits are v easily gr[n by />t+ ! plants 9 a gre5h\se1 hotb$ or 9 %all[ boxes plac$ 9 w9d[s4 ,a p9* ( se$ s[n 9 ,m>* w give all ! e>ly plants a l>ge family c use4 ,:5 ! plants h rea*$ ! height ( two or ?ree in*es !y %\ld be transplant$ into #c-;in* fl[] pots1 old b]ry boxes or o!r receptacles1 & all[$ to gr[ sl[ & /ocky until "t to set !m out1 :i* is f ,may #ae on 79 ,new ,york74 ,!y %\ld be set 9 r[s f\r or five feet ap>t1 ! plants be+ ! same di/ance 9 ! r[s4 ,"s support %\ld be giv5 to keep ! fruits (f ! gr\nd & to ha/5 ! rip5+4 ,a trellis ( *ick5-wire makes an excell5t support1 z does ! light la? f5c+ t may be b\ght or made at home4 ,/\t /akes1 ) wire /rung ! l5g? ( ! r[s1 af=d an excell5t support4 ,a v %[y me?od is t ( a frame made l an inv]t$ ,v1 :i* all[s ! fruits to hang free2 ) a little att5tion to trimm+1 ! light rea*es ! fruits & rip5s !m p]fectly4 ,?is support is made by lean+ toge!r two la? frames4 ,! late fruits may be pick$ gre5 & rip5$ on a %elf 9 ! sun2 or !y w rip5 if plac$ 9 a draw]4 ,illu/ration3 ,tomato ,"o ounce ( se$ w be en\gh = f twelve to fifte5 hundr$ plants4 ,a little f]tiliz] 9 ! hill w />t ! plants (f quickly4 ,! rot is less s]i\s :5 ! v9es are kept (f ! gr\nd & ! rampant suck]s are cut out4 ,,tools ( _m k9ds1 & well *os51 are "o ( ! joys ( a g>d54 ,!re is great satisfaction 9 a well-made1 clean tool :i* does its "w well4 ,keep ! tools bright4 ,!y %\ld be "u cov]1 & 9 place1 :5 n 9 use4 ,a cupbo>d may be built by ! re> por*1 or 9 ! b>n or c>riage h\se4 ,see t ! cupbo>d is 9 a dry place4 ,v>i\s ,tools h be5 m5tion$ 9 ! prec$+ pages1 & o!r useful k9ds are %[n 9 ! article on ,we$s4 ,,transplant+4 ,?is op]ation ! g>d5] calls 9 "o in/ance prick+ out4 ,?is means tak+ "y se$l+ plants f ! se$ box z soon z !y are l>ge en\gh to be h&l$--usually :5 ! fir/ r\gh leaves h develop$--& replant+ !m 9 o!r boxes or pots1 ei!r s+ly or at a great] di/ance ap>t ?an !y 7 :5 9 ! se$ boxes4 ,! t]m is us$ 9 ! op]ation ( sett+ out plants f ! hotb$1 frame or h\se to ! g>d52 also 9 remov+ %rubs or trees4 ,transplant on a cl\dy day1 & j be=e a ra91 if possible4 ,,trimm+ is a t]m :i* is ord9>ily conf\nd$ ) prun+ 7:i* see74 ,! ^w ,trimm+1 h[ev]1 %\ld be re/rict$ to ! %ap+ ( ! trees & n to ! ?9n+ ( ! tree or to prun+ = wood1 fruit or o!r special object4 ,trimm+ is only "o ( ! means ( prun+4 ,trimm+ is mo/ly us$ 9 ! case ( h$ges4 ,x is also us$ to keep ev]gre5s 9 %ape4 ,_m ornam5tal plants are also ,trimm$ into v>i\s =ms1 al?\gh x is a "q if su* ,trimm+ is usually wise4 ,fruit trees %\ld be prun$1 z a rule1 r ?an ,trimm$3 t is1 !y usually %\ld be all[$ to take _! natural =m1 ! prun] tak+ out ! sup]flu\s wood & keep+ !m )9 manageable b\nds4 ,,tropaeolum4 ,see ,na/urtium4 ,,tub]ose4 ,! ,tub]ose requires m heat to gr[ to p]fection ?an x is usually possible to give "h 9 ! ,nor?4 ,if plant$ 9 ! bord] !y w n />t into gr[? until ! gr\nd has become ?or\ghly w>m--usually aft] ! middle ( ,june1--mak+ ! season be=e fro/ too %ort = _! p]fect gr[? & fl[]4 ,h[ev]1 if />t$ 9 loose soil or moss 9 a w>m room or on b5*es ( a gre5h\se1 ! roots w soon />t f ! tub] & make a f9e gr[?4 ,if plant$ out 9 ,june ) a good ball ( roots !y are likely to bloom be=e fro/4 ,if any dang] ( fro/ is fe>$ !y may be lift$ into pots or boxes & tak5 into ! h\se1 :5 !y w bloom )\t a *eck4 ,z ) o!r bulbs1 a s&y soil w suit4 ,,tub]\s ,,begonia4 ,a l>ge b$ ( ^! cov]$ ) crimson1 p9k1 :ite1 or yell[ fl[]s1 rang+ f #b to #d & ev5 #f in*es 9 diamet]1 "s d\ble1 "s s+le1 is a /rik+ sight4 ,yet su* a sight is n uncommon ab\t ! l>ge ea/]n cities :]e ! ,tub]\s ,begonia is n[ us$ some:at = b$d+4 ,our int]ior summ]s are m try+1 & s f>1 few 9 ! we/ h succe$$ s well ) ! ,tub]\s ,begonia z a b$d+ plant4 ,x makes a f9e summ]-bloom+ pot-plant1 h[ev]1 = ! gre5h\se or w9d[1 & ) due att5tion to its requirem5ts1 x may be us$ z a b$d+ plant4 ,x prop]ly falls "u gre5h\se plants 9 its requirem5ts4 ,illu/ration3 ,d\ble ,tub]\s ,begonia ,c4 ,l4 ,all51 writ+ ( its culture 9 8 "w on ,bulbs & ,tub]\s-,root$ ,plants1 says3 ,! pr9cipal po9t le>n$ 9 reg>d to its culture is1 t x mu/ be treat$ z a plant & n z a bulb4 ,! en?usia/ic flori/1 see+ ! _m good qualities ( ! plant1 has l$ amateurs to believe x c\ld be treat$ z a bulb1 & plant$ out 9 ! same mann] z ! gladiolus or tigridia & kept dormant dur+ ! w9t] 9 ! same mann]4 ,?is is a great mi/ake1 z ! tub]s w n endure z long a p]iod ( re/ & _c be expos$ to ! air = a long "t )\t s]i\sly injur+ _! vitality4 ,! tub]s mu/ be kept 9 dry e>? or s&1 until !y %[ signs ( gr[?1 :i* w be n lat] ?an ! fir/ ( ,m>*2 !n !y may be />t$ into rapid gr[?4 ,aft] ! eyes are fully develop$ ! tub]s may be divid$3 ea* eye w make a plant4 ,!n !y are treat$ 9 all respects l gre5h\se plants1 & gr[n on until ! prop] season = _! plant+ out4 ,?is is n be=e ! fir/ ( ,june1 z ,begonias are q s5sitive to cold nights1 b n at all to heat4 ,at t "t ! plants %\ld be fully #f in*es 9 height & proportionately /rong4 ,su* plants w make a gr& display ! entire season1 r delight+ 9 great heat4 ,illu/ration3 ,tub]\s ,begonia1 s+le4 ,9 />t+ ! tub]s 9 ,m>*1 !y %\ld be plac$ 9 moi/ s& or moss 9 a temp]ature ( #fj deg4 to #fe deg41 ei!r 9 ! gre5h\se or w9d[4 ,aft] ! buds are well />t$ ! tub]s may be divid$ z po9t$ out1 or plant$ :ole4 ,!y pref] a ri*1 r s&y soil4 ,:5 !y are well "u way give !m all ! light & air !y w be>1 & keep !m close to ! glass to avoid legg9ess & to insure a firm1 /urdy gr[?4 ,a week be=e plant+ !m out !y %\ld be giv5 abundance ( air & light to h>d5 (f ! plants prep>atory to sett+ !m 9 sun & w9d4 ,! b$s %\ld be 9 a some:at %elt]$ place :]e !y w be p>tially %ad$ f ! hot midday sun4 ,let ! soil be well enri*$ ) old manure or humus & ?or\ghly work$ ov] to a dep? ( "o foot4 ,dur+ dry p]iods ! b$s w ne$ wat]+ f "t to "t2 b nev] wat] !m :5 ! sun is %9+ full on !m1 or ! foliage may be scor*$4 ,a mul* ( leaf-mold or old manure w be helpful 9 keep+ ! soil moi/ & ! roots cool4 ,be=e fro/ ! tub]s %\ld be c>efully tak5 up & gradually dri$ 9 ! %ade1 aft] :i* !y are to be plac$ 9 dry s& or e>?1 9 %all[ boxes1 & kept till "t to />t !m 9 ! spr+4 ,!y %\ld be kept 9 a cool place1 secure f fro/ & away f /oves or heat+ pipes4 ,= amateurs x is bett] to recomm5d buy+ bulbs ( ! sev]al colors1 in/ead ( attempt+ to gr[ !m f se$s1 :i* are extremely small & require e>ly s[+1 w>m? & close att5tion4 ,,tulips are h>dy & easy to gr[4 ,! advice giv5 "u ,bulbs1 ,crocus & ,hyac9? applies to ,tulips4 ,!y may be =c$ = w9t] bloom 7see "u ,w9d[-,g>d5s74 ,! g>d5 b$ w la/ sev]al ye>s if well c>$ =1 b mo/ satisfactory bloom is secur$ if ! old bulbs are tak5 up e two or ?ree ye>s & replant$1 all ! inf]ior ones be+ ca/ aside4 ,:5 ! /ock beg9s to run out1 buy anew4 ,plant 9 ,octob]1 #d to #f in*es deep4 ,illu/ration3 ,tulip z a pot-plant ,,turnips & ,,rutabagas are usually a fall crop1 f se$ s[n 9 ,july & e>ly ,augu/1 al?\gh _m kit*5 g>d5s h !m f spr+ s[n se$4 ,! culture is easy4 ,s[ 9 drills #ab in*es ap>t4 ,!y w become edible 9 f six to eight weeks4 ,!y are cool-wea!r crops1 & ! tops /& mu* fro/4 ,if maggots bo!r1 d n raise !m on ! same l& aga9 = ?ree or f\r ye>s4 ,bordeaux mixture repels ! flea-beetles4 ,"o ounce w s[ #aej feet ( drill4 ,,v>ieties4 ,x is usually "o ( ! fir/ desires ( ! int5d+ plant] to inquire ab\t ,v>ieties4 ,x is "o ( ! second>y ?+s to be consid]$1 h[ev]1 = ! fir/ ?+ to d is to prep>e ! l&1 to det]m9e :e!r "o's soil & site are adapt$ to ! plant 9 "q1 & to discuss o!r matt]s ( a g5]al nature4 ,:5 all ! fundam5tal ?+s are settl$1 !n ! "q ( ,v>ieties1 :i* is a special matt]1 may be tak5 up4 ,al?\gh ! selection ( ,v>ieties is a v special matt]1 x is nev]!less ess5tial to success or satisfaction 9 ! gr[+ ( any plant4 ,x %\ld fir/ be consid]$ t ! selection ( ,v>ieties is v l>gely a p]sonal matt]4 ,! man %\ld gr[ ! ,v>ieties :i* he likes4 ,?is is especially true 9 ! selection ( ,v>ieties = ! home gr\nds1 9 :i* case ! m>ket ideals ent] v little into ! problem4 ,hav+ satisfi$ "o's own m9d z to :at k9ds ( ,v>ieties he w\ld l1 he may !n inquire ( ! neighbors & ( exp]ts if ^? ,v>ieties are adapt$ to ! soil & climate4 ,if he int5ds to gr[ = m>ket1 he %\ld canvass ! m>ket dem&s ?or\ghly be=e *oos+ ! ,v>ieties4 ,! li/s ( ,v>ieties 9 books1 bullet9s1 & se$m5's catalogues are h9ts1 n rules4 ,z a g5]al /atem5t1 x may be said t ! only way to det]m9e ! be/ v>iety = "o's own conditions is to exp]im5t4 ,!re is int5se satisfaction 9 ! exp]im5t+ itself4 ,! be/ li/s ( ,v>ieties are ^? :i* are recomm5d$ = "s specific purpose1 & :i* repres5t ! comb9$ op9ions ( _m exp]t gr[]s4 ,x is r>e t "o man's judgm5t %\ld be f9al1 p>ticul>ly ) respect to fruits or plants :i* are gr[n 9 g5]al outdoor conditions4 ,"u glass a g>d5] c make 8 climate & conditions1 & !re=e he c adapt 8 conditions to 8 plants4 ,! exp]im5t /ation te/ usually repres5ts b "o man's op9ion4 ,x may be a m valuable op9ion ?an t ( ano!r man1 b x is n f9al4 ,x %\ld be /udi$ 9 connection ) o!r li/s1 p>ticul>ly ^? made by practical gr[]s4 ,if "o desires to *oose ,v>ieties1 !re=e1 he %\ld consult ! be/ gr[]s ( ^? plants 9 8 imm$iate neighborhood2 he %\ld call ^u ! exp]im5t /ation ( 8 /ate or prov9ce2 & he %\ld consult ! mo/ rec5t writ+s on ! subject4 ,,vegetable ,,g>d54 ,x is "o ( ! *oice/ ( pleasures to raise "o's own vegetables4 ,make ! ,vegetable ,g>d5 ample1 b economize labor4 ,plant ! ?+s 9 r[s1 n 9 b$s4 ,!n !y c be till$ easily1 ei!r by horse- or h&-tools4 ,:eel-hoes w accompli% mo/ ( ! labor ( tillage 9 a small g>d54 ,h ! r[s long1 to avoid wa/e ( "t 9 turn+ & to economize ! l&4 ,"o r[ c be devot$ to "o vegetable2 or two or m vegetables ( l requirem5ts 7z p>snips & salsify7 may comprise a r[4 ,h ! p]man5t vegetables1 z rhub>b & asp>agus1 at "o side1 :]e !y w n int]f]e ) ! pl[+ or till+4 ,! annual vegetables %\ld be gr[n on diff]5t p>ts ( ! area 9 succe$+ ye>s1 ?us practic+ some?+ l a rotation ( crops4 ,if radi% or cabbage maggots or club-root become ?or\ghly e/abli%$ 9 ! plantation1 omit = a ye> or m ! vegetables on :i* !y live4 ,illu/ration3 ,lay-out ( a f>m ,vegetable ,g>d5 ,make ! soil deep1 mell[ & ri* be=e ! se$s are s[n4 ,"t & labor w be sav$4 ,rake ! surface frequ5tly to keep d[n we$s & to prev5t ! soil f bak+ 7see ,tillage74 ,radi% se$s s[n ) cel]y or o!r sl[-g]m9at+ se$s w come up quickly1 break+ ! cru/ & m>k+ ! r[s4 ,ab\t ! bord]s ( ! ,vegetable ,g>d5 is a good place = fl[]s to be gr[n = ! decoration ( ! h\se & to give to fri5ds4 ,along "o side ( ! area r[s ( bu% fruits may be plant$4 ,a home ,vegetable ,g>d5 = a family ( six w\ld require1 exclusive ( potatoes1 a space n ov] #ajj by #aej feet4 ,beg9n+ at "o side ( ! g>d5 & runn+ ! r[s ! %ort way 7hav+ ea* r[ #ajj feet long7 s[+s may be made1 z soon z ! gr\nd is 9 condition to "w1 ( ! foll[+3 ,fifty feet ea* ( p>snips & salsify4 ,"o hundr$ feet ( onions1 #be feet ( :i* may be potato or set onions1 ! balance black-se$ = summ] & fall use4 ,fifty feet ( e>ly beets1 #ej feet ( lettuce1 ) :i* radi% may be s[n to break ! soil & be h>ve/$ be=e ! lettuce ne$s ! room4 ,"o hundr$ feet ( e>ly cabbage1 ! plants = :i* %\ld be f a frame or pur*as$4 ,set ! plants #ah in*es to #b feet ap>t4 ,"o hundr$ feet ( e>ly caulifl[]2 culture same z = cabbage4 ,f\r hundr$ & fifty feet ( peas1 s[n z foll[s3 #ajj feet ( extra e>ly4 #ajj feet ( int]m$iate4 #ajj feet ( late4 #ajj feet ( extra e>ly1 s[n late4 #ej feet ( dw>f v>ieties4 ,if trellis or bru% is to be avoid$1 frequ5t s[+s ( ! dw>fs w ma9ta9 a supply4 ,aft] ! soil has become w>m & all dang] ( fro/ has pass$1 ! t5d] vegetables may be plant$1 z foll[s3 ,corn 9 five r[s #c feet ap>t1 ?ree r[s to be e>ly & int]m$iate1 & two r[s late4 ,"o hundr$ feet ( /r+ beans1 e>ly to late v>ieties4 ,v9es z foll[s3 #aj hills ( cucumb]s1 #f x #f feet4 #bj hills ( muskmelon1 #f x #f feet4 #f hills ( e>ly squa%1 #f x #f feet4 #aj hills ( ,hubb>d1 #f x #f feet4 ,"o hundr$ feet ( okra4 ,tw5ty eggplants4 ,"o hundr$ ft4 7#be plants7 tomatoes4 ,six l>ge clumps ( rhub>b4 ,an asp>agus b$ #be feet long & #c feet wide4 ,late cabbage1 caulifl[] & cel]y are to occupy ! space made vacant by remov+ e>ly crops ( e>ly & int]m$iate peas & /r+ beans4 ,a bord] on "o side or end w hold all h]bs1 su* z p>sley1 ?yme1 sage1 hyssop1 m9ts4 ,,v]b5a4 ,! ,v]b5a is "o ( ! mo/ satisfactory g>d5 plants1 bloom+ e>ly4 ,bloom cont9ues ?r\gh ! dry1 hot days ( summ]4 ,z ! cool wea!r ( ! fall comes on1 ,v]b5as increase 9 size ( plant & fl[] until kill$ by sev]e fro/4 ,plants gr[n f se$ s[n 9 a hotb$ or h\se e>ly 9 ! spr+1 transplant$ into pots or boxes :5 l>ge en\gh1 & plant$ out z soon z ! gr\nd has become w>m1 are m vigor\s & seem to h m fragrance ?an ^? gr[n f cutt+s4 ,_m ( ! /ra9s h become s well fix$ t ! colors come true f se$4 ,cutt+s are (t5 employ$1 b ! h&l+ ( /ock plants is a difficult matt] except 9 ! h&s ( a pr(essional1 & :5 plants are want$ 9 quantity x is *eap] to buy !m ( ! plantsman ?an to gr[ !m f se$ or attempt to keep ov] /ock plants4 ,!re=e1 = ! home g>d51 se$-gr[n plants are usually mo/ satisfactory4 ,give a sunny position4 ,?9 to #aj to #ae in*es ap>t ea* way4 ,illu/ration3 ,v]b5a ,,v9ca1 or ,,p]iw9kle4 ,trail+ plants4 ,useful 9 cov]+ unsightly places1 = vases1 urns or baskets4 ,"s ( ! species 7z ! common ev]gre51 mat-l runn+ myrtle7 are h>dy1 b ! mo/ useful ones ne$ ! protection ( a h\se ?r\gh ! w9t]4 ,! v>iegat$-leav$ k9ds are f9e = w9t] decorations4 ,propagat$ mo/ly by cutt+s4 ,p]5nials4 ,,v9es4 ,! use ( ,v9es = scre5s & pill> decorations has increas$ 9 ! la/ decade until n[ !y may be se5 9 ne>ly all gr\nds4 ,! t5d5cy has be5 t[>ds us+ ! h>dy ,v9es1 ( :i* ! ampelopsis1 or ,virg9ia creep]1 is "o ( ! mo/ common4 ,x is a v rapid gr[]1 & l5ds itself to tra9+ m readily ?an _m o!rs4 ,! ,japan ampelopsis 7,a4 tricuspidata or ,veit*ii7 is a f9e cl++ ,v9e1 gr[+ v rapidly :5 once e/abli%$1 & be+ brilliantly color$ aft] ! fir/ fall fro/s4 ,x cl+s clos] ?an ! o!r1 b is n s h>dy4 ,ei!r ( ^! may be gr[n f cutt+s or division ( ! plants4 ,two woody tw9]s ( rec5t introduction are ! act9idia & ! akebia1 bo? f ,japan4 ,!y are p]fectly h>dy1 & are rapid gr[]s4 ,! =m] has l>ge1 ?ick1 glossy leaves1 n affect$ by insects or disease1 gr[+ ?ickly along ! /em & bran*es1 mak+ a p]fect ?at* ( leaves4 ,x blooms 9 ,june4 ,! fl[]s1 :i* are :ite ) a purple c5t]1 are borne 9 clu/]s1 foll[$ by r\nd or longi% edible fruits4 ,! akebia has v neat cut foliage1 qua9t purple fl[]s1 & (t5 be>s ornam5tal fruit4 ,o!r h>dy ,v9es are ! wi/>ia1 clematis1 tecoma 7or trumpet-fl[]71 ari/olo*ia 7or ,dut*man's pipe71 h$]a 7or ivy71 & lonic]as 7or honeysuckles74 ,illu/ration3 ,a v9e support = a por* ,( ! t5d] ,v9es1 ! na/urtiums & ipomoeas are ! mo/ common1 :ile ! adlumia 7p4 #c71 balloon v9e 7p4 #bh71 passion v9e1 & ! g\rds 7p4 #aae71 are frequ5tly us$4 ,"o ( ! be/ ( rec5t introduction is ! annual hop1 especially ! v>iegat$ v>iety4 ,?is is a v rapid gr[+ ,v9e1 se$+ itself ea* ye>1 & ne$+ little c>e4 ,see ,hop4 ,all ! t5d] ,v9es %\ld be plant$ aft] all dang] ( fro/ is ov]4 ,,annual ,,h]bace\s ,,climb]s ,t5dril-climb]s ,adlumia 7bi5nial74 ,balloon ,v9e4 ,cobaea4 ,g\rds4 ,na/urtiums4 ,sweet ,pea4 ,wild ,cucumb]4 ,tw9]s ,beans1 ,fl[]+4 ,cypress ,v9e4 ,doli*os4 ,hop1 ,japanese4 ,ipomoea4 ,moonfl[]4 ,morn+-glory4 ,?unb]gia4 ,yam1 ,*9ese1 or ,c9namon ,v9e 7p]5nial f a h>dy tub]74 ,,p]5nial ,,woody ,,climb]s ,,= ,,! ,,op5 ,t5dril-climb]s ,ampelopsis tricuspidata4 ,clematis ( _m k9ds4 ,grape ( v>i\s k9ds4 ,gre5bri]4 ,ivy 7by roots74 ,roses 7scrambl]s74 ,trumpet ,creep] 7by roots74 ,virg9ia ,creep]4 ,tw9]s ,act9idia polygama4 ,akebia qu9ata4 ,ari/olo*ia1 or ,dut*man's ,pipe4 ,bitt]sweet1 or ,cela/rus4 ,honeysuckles4 ,moonse$4 ,wi/>ia4 ,illu/ration3 ,violets ,,violet4 ,:ile ! culture ( ,violets z h\se-plants r>ely proves successful1 !re is no reason :y a good supply may n be _h else:]e ?r\gh ! great] "p ( ! w9t] & ! spr+ mon?s4 ,a %elt]$ location be+ select$1 "y plants f runn]s may be set 9 ,augu/ or ,septemb]4 ,h ! gr\nd ri* & well dra9$4 ,^! plants w make f9e cr[ns by ,decemb]1 & (t5 w bloom be=e wea!r suffici5tly cold to freeze !m4 ,9 ord] to h fl[]s ?r\gh ! w9t]1 x w be necess>y to af=d "s protection to ! plants4 ,?is may be/ be done by build+ a frame ( bo>ds l>ge en\gh to cov] ! plants1 mak+ ! frame 9 ! same way z = a hotb$1 f\r to six in*es high] at ! back ?an ! front4 ,cov] ! frame ) sa% or bo>ds1 & z ! wea!r becomes sev]e1 mats or /raw %\ld be plac$ ov] & ar\nd ! frame to protect ! plants f freez+4 ,:5ev] ! wea!r w p]mit1 ! cov]+ %\ld be remov$ & air admitt$1 b no h>m w come if ! frames are n di/urb$ = sev]al weeks4 ,a l>ge am\nt ( sunlight & a high temp]ature ?r\gh ! middle ( w9t] are to be avoid$1 = if ! plants are /imulat$ a %ort] p]iod ( bloom w result4 ,9 ,april ! frame may be remov$1 ! plants yield+ ! lat] "p ( ! crop )\t protection4 ,violets belong ) ! cool plants ( flori/s4 ,:5 well h>d5$ (f1 consid]able fro/ does n h>m !m4 ,!y %\ld always be kept /ocky4 ,/>t a new lot f runn]-plants ea* ye>4 ,!y ?rive 9 a temp]ature ( #ee deg4 to #fe deg4 ,,walks4 ,! place = a ,walk is :]e x is ne$$4 ,x %\ld g directly betwe5 two po9ts4 ,x ne$ n be /raight1 b if x is curv$1 ! curve %\ld be direct4 ,t is1 ! p$e/rian %\ld be consci\s t he is go+ 9 ! direction 9 :i* he desires to g1 & is n mak+ a det\r = ! simple purpose ( foll[+ ! walk4 ,conv5i5ce %\ld be ! fir/ ?+ to be consid]$4 ,aft] ! ,walks h be5 laid 9 ! mo/ conv5i5t places1 ! "q ( ornam5t+ ! bord]s may be consid]$4 ,x is always well to avoid1 s f> z possible1 ! bisect+ ( lawns by ,walks1 z t makes two lawns :]e !re %\ld be only "o4 ,! l>g] a gre5sw>d c be made to look1 ! m p>k-l & natural is ! place4 ,avoid tak+ ! ,walks circuit\sly ar\nd ! bord]s unless !y are laid = ! simple purpose ( mak+ a ramble to %[ (f ! gr\nds4 ,all ,walks :i* are design$ = s]i\s use %\ld appe> to be necess>y1 direct & conv5i5t4 ,"s soils :i* conta9 consid]able loam & s& w pack ) tramp+ & w make good ,walks1 b x is usually necess>y to lay "s mat]ial on ! soil4 ,gravel1 c9d]s1 & ! l1 may be bett] ?an ! natural surface2 b 9 _m cases !y are worse1 s9ce ! surface is loose & is unpleasant to walk on4 ,9 ,walks :i* are on decid$ slopes1 & d[n :i* ! wat] is likely to run1 any loose mat]ial is v objectionable1 s9ce x runs to ! l[ places4 ,! be/ mat]ial = ,walks1 all ?+s consid]$1 is cem5t1 or :at is call$ artificial /one4 ,if well made1 x is z durable z flagg+1 & is n s likely to get out ( place4 ,x holds its surface p]fectly ye> aft] ye>4 ,! only objection to cem5t ,walks is :5 !y are m or less tempor>y1 = 9 su* cases !y _c be mov$4 ,!re is (t5 v s]i\s difficulty 9 secur+ good cem5t ,walks1 b ! difficulties are easily ov]come4 ,!y are *iefly two3 !re is n suffici5t dra9+ mat]ial b5ea? ! cem5t2 & ! cem5t itself is n made /rong en\gh4 ,!re %\ld be at lea/ a foot ( loose mat]ial1 z brickbats or c9d]s1 bel[ ! cem5t cov]2 & if ! place is l[ & likely to hold wat]1 !re %\ld be /ill great] dra9age4 ,p\nd ! mat]ial d[n1 or let x /& = "s "t until x becomes ?or\ghly settl$ toge!r4 ,!n lay ! cem5t 9 two c\rses4 ,! fir/ c\rse may be ?ree or f\r in*es ?ick & made ( well mix$ mort>1 compris+ ?ree p>ts ,portl& cem5t1 "o "p wat] lime1 & two to ?ree times z mu* %>p s& z ,portl&4 ,:5 ?is has become p>tially h>d5$1 b be=e x is set & :ile /ill moi/1 put on a f9i%+ lay] ( "o in*1 made ( "o "p ,portl& cem5t1 "o "p wat] lime1 & "o "p %>p s&4 ,x is important t ! mat]ials be v ?or\ghly mix$4 ,see t ! edges ( ! walk are made squ>e & true by lay+ d[n a =m ( bo>ds l5g?wise ! area be=e ! cem5t is put on4 ,! edges %\ld be z ?ick z ! middle1 = a ?9 cru/ on ! edge t5ds to snap (f4 ,a walk made 9 ?is way on a well-dra9$ f\ndation w la/ almo/ indef9itely4 ,x is be/ t x be made 9 su* season t x c become ?or\ghly set be=e fro/y wea!r comes4 ,,wallfl[]4 ,a favorite plant = pots or g>d51 hav+ a clove-l fragrance4 ,se$ ( mo/ v>ieties %\ld be s[n ! ye> be=e want$4 ,"o k9d1 be+ an annual1 w fl[] ! same season ! se$ is s[n4 ,h>dy4 ,two to #c feet4 ,,wa%+ or*>d trees is an old practice4 ,x usually results 9 mak+ a tree m vigor\s4 ,"o reason is t x de/roys insects & fungi :i* lodge und]nea? ! b>k2 b probably ! *ief reason is t x s(t5s ! b>k & all[s ! trunk to exp&4 ,x is possible1 also1 t ! pota% f ! soap or lye ev5tually passes into ! gr\nd & af=ds "s plant-food4 ,trees are ord9>ily ,wa%$ ) soap suds or ) a lye solution4 ,! mat]ial is usually appli$ ) an old broom or a /iff bru%4 ,! scrubb+ ( ! tree is p]haps ne>ly or q z b5eficial z ! application ( ! wa% itself4 ,x is cu/om>y to wa% trees late 9 spr+ or e>ly 9 summ]1 & aga9 9 ! fall1 ) ! idea t su* ,wa%+ de/roys ! eggs & ! "y ( bor]s4 ,x no d\bt w de/roy bor]s if !y are j gett+ a />t1 b x w n keep away ! insects :i* lay ! eggs1 & w n de/roy ! bor]s :i* h f\nd _! way und]nea? ! b>k4 ,x is p]haps q z well to wa% ! trees v e>ly 9 ! spr+1 :5 !y are />t+ into gr[?4 ,x is an old practice to wa% trees ) /rong lye :5 !y are affect$ ) ! oy/]-%ell b>k l\se4 ,! mod]n me?od ( treat+ ^! pe/s1 h[ev]1 is to spray ) "s k]os5e comp\nd :5 ! "y gr[? is />t+1 = at t "t ! "y insects are migrat+ to ! new wood & !y are v easily de/roy$4 ,,wat]+ ,,h\se ,,plants4 ,x is impossible to give rules = ! ,wat]+ ( plants4 ,conditions t hold ) "o gr[] are diff]5t f ^? ( ano!r4 ,advice mu/ be g5]al4 ,give "o good ,wat]+ at ! "t ( pott+1 aft] :i* no wat] %\ld be giv5 until ! plants really ne$ x4 ,if1 on tapp+ ! pot1 x gives out a cle> r+1 x is an indication t wat] is ne$$4 ,9 ! case ( a s(t-wood$ plant1 j be=e ! leaves beg9 to %[ signs ( wilt1 is ! "t = ,wat]+4 ,:5 plants are tak5 up f ! gr\nd1 or :5 plants h _! roots cut back 9 repott+1 g>d5]s rely1 aft] ! fir/ copi\s ,wat]+1 on syr++ ! tops ( ! plants two or ?ree times ea* day1 until a new root-gr[? has />t$1 ,wat]+ at ! roots only :5 absolutely necess>y4 ,plants t h be5 pott$ into l>g] pots w gr[ )\t ! extra att5tion ( syr++1 b ^? f ! bord]s1 t h _h _! roots mutilat$ or %ort5$1 %\ld be plac$ 9 a cool1 %ady spot & be syr+$ (t54 ,"o soon becomes famili> ) ! wants ( individual plants1 & c judge closely z to ne$ ( wat]4 ,all s(t-wood$ plants ) a l>ge leaf-surface ne$ m wat] ?an h>d-wood$ plants1 & a plant 9 luxuriant gr[? ( any k9d m ?an a plant t has be5 cut back or become defoliat$4 ,:5 plants are gr[n 9 liv+-rooms1 moi/ure mu/ be suppli$ f "s s\rce1 & if no arrangem5t has be5 made = hav+ a moi/ air ! plants %\ld be syr+$ (t54 ,see ,syr++4 ,illu/ration3 ,wat]+ pot ,,wat]melon4 ,! culture ( ?is is ess5tially ! same z t = muskmelons 7:i* see71 except t mo/ v>ieties require a w>m] place & long] p]iod ( gr[?4 ,give ! hills a di/ance ( f #f to #aj feet ap>t4 ,*oose a w>m1 quick soil & sunny exposure4 ,x is ess5tial1 9 ! ,nor?1 t ! plants gr[ rapidly & come into bloom e>ly4 ,"o ounce ( se$ w plant ?irty hills4 ,,wax ,,plant4 ,! ,wax ,plant1 or ,,hoya1 is "o ( ! commone/ ( w9d[-g>d5 plants1 & yet x is "o :i* p usually h difficulty 9 fl[]+4 ,h[ev]1 x is "o ( ! easie/ plants to manage if a p]son und]/&s its nature4 ,x is naturally a summ]-bloom+ plant1 & %\ld re/ dur+ ! w9t] "t4 ,9 ! w9t]1 keep x j alive 9 a cool & r dry place4 ,if ! temp]ature does n g above #ej deg4 ,fahr41 s mu* ! bett]2 nei!r %\ld x g mu* l[]4 ,9 late w9t] or spr+1 ! plant is br\ght out to w>m temp]ature1 giv5 wat] & />t$ into gr[?4 ,! old fl[]-/ems %\ld n be cut (f1 s9ce new fl[]s come f !m z well z f ! new wood4 ,:5 x is br\ght out to be />t$ into gr[?1 x may be repott$1 sometimes into a size l>g] pot1 b always ) m or less fre% e>?4 ,! plant %\ld increase 9 value ea* ye>4 ,9 cons]vatories1 x is sometimes plant$ out 9 ! gr\nd & all[$ to run ov] a wall1 9 :i* case x w rea* a height ( _m feet4 ,,we$s4 ,_m v /rong ,we$s are a complim5t to "o's soil3 only good soil produces !m4 ,b !y are n a complim5t to "o's tillage4 ,if ! soil is well prep>$ & well till$ to cons]ve moi/ure & to unlock plant-food 7see ,tillage71 ,we$s w f9d little *ance ( gr[+4 ,/ir ! gr\nd (t53 x b5efits ! gr\nd & keeps out ! ,we$s4 ,plant vegetables 9 long /raight r[s r ?an 9 b$s1 = !reby tillage is made easi]4 ,= b$s & = small plants1 ! h&-we$]s 7z %[n 9 ! m>g97 are v effici5t4 ,!y save labori\s f+]-"w4 ,we$ se$s are (t5 di/ribut$ 9 manure1 especially if ,we$s h be5 all[$ to gr[ & rip5 on ! piles4 ,see t p]nici\s ,we$s d n se$ ab\t ! premises4 ,= ! treatm5t ( we$y lawns1 see ! article ,lawns4 ,illu/ration3 ,potato hook & we$-pull] ,illu/ration3 ,f+]-we$] ,illu/ration3 ,tr[el & angle-we$] ,,w9dbreaks4 ,!re is ! greate/ diff]5ce ( op9ion z to ! value ( ,w9dbreaks = fruit plantations4 ,^! diff]5ces arise f ! fact t a ,w9dbreak may be ( great b5efit 9 "o place1 b a disadvantage 9 ano!r4 ,x is always advisable to break ! =ce ( v /rong w9ds1 = su* w9ds t5d to injure ! trees :5 lad5 ) fruit or ice1 & !y bl[ (f ! fruit2 & 9 dry c\ntries !y cause ! soil to become p>*$4 ,if ! w9d is usually w>m] ?an ! area1 h[ev]1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! w9t] "t1 x is bett] n to /op x1 b to all[ x to circulate ?r\gh ! plantation4 ,?is is ! case 9 areas :i* lie close to l>ge bodies ( wat]4 ,! w9d com+ (f ! wat] is w>m] ?an t (f ! l&1 & t5ds !reby to protect ! fruit plantation f sev]e cold4 ,a circulation ( air is desirable 9 late spr+ & e>ly fall 9 ord] to avoid ! /ill fro/s4 ,!re=e1 if ! area is v closely surr\nd$ by d5se plantations1 x may h :at ! fruit-gr[]s call /agnant air2 b ?9n+ out ! ,w9dbreak on "o or two sides1 or cutt+ holes ?r\gh x1 may all[ ! air to move ?r\gh1 !reby af=d+ atmosph]ic dra9age & insur+ great] immunity f ! light local fro/s4 ,x is ord9>ily bett] to break ! =ce ( ! w9ds ?an to /op or deflect !m4 ,t is1 ! ,w9dbreak may be ?9 en\gh to all[ ! w9d to take its normal direction1 b its =ce is brok54 ,a /one wall or a v d5se h$ge ( ev]gre5s may cause ! w9d to rise ov] ! plantation or to be deflect$ to "o side2 & ?is1 9 _m cases1 z already said1 may be a decid$ disadvantage4 ,! philosophy ( a good ,w9dbreak = fruit plantations may be summ$ up 9 ?is way3 ! =ce ( heavy w9ds %\ld be brok52 w>m w9ds %\ld be all[$ to circulate freely ?r\gh ! plantation2 /ill air %\ld be avoid$4 ,ord9>ily1 "o or two r[s ( decidu\s trees are suffici5t protection4 ,:5 ! plantation is v mu* expos$ to v cold or l& w9ds1 a ?ick ev]gre5 scre5 may be a decid$ advantage4 ,x is usually bett] to h ! heavy ,w9dbreak on ! upp] side ( ! area1 s t x may n int]f]e ) ! natural dra9age ( ! cold air d[n ! slope4 ,9 mak+ a ,w9dbreak1 x is important t ^? trees be *os5 :i* w n become h>bor+ places = or*>d enemies4 ,! wild *]ry1 = example1 is invet]ately attack$ by ! t5t cat]pill>1 & ! wild crabs & wild plums are likely to bre$ or*>d insects4 ,if ! ,w9dbreak is plant$ "s "t 9 advance ( ! or*>d1 ! r[ ( fruit trees next ! ,w9dbreak w be v likely to suff] f lack ( moi/ure & food4 ,a diff]5t type ( ,w9dbreak is t :i* is desir$ = a %elt] belt ab\t ! home gr\nds4 ,! matt] ( atmosph]ic dra9age does n ent] into ?is problem to any great ext5t4 ,su* %elt] belt is usually plac$ at ! extreme edge ( ! home y>d1 t[>d ! heavie/ or prevail+ w9d4 ,x may be a d5se plantation ( ev]gre5s4 ,if s1 ! ,norway spruce is "o ( ! be/ = g5]al purposes4 ,= a l[] belt1 ! arborvitae is excell5t4 ,"s ( ! p9es1 z ! ,scot* or ,au/rian1 are also to be advis$1 p>ticul>ly if ! belt is at "s di/ance f ! resid5ce4 ,z a rule1 ! co>s] ! tree ! f>!r x %\ld be plac$ f ! h\se4 ,p]sons may desire to use ! ,w9dbreak z a scre5 to hide undesirable objects4 ,if ^! objects are ( a p]man5t "*1 z a b>n or an unkempt prop]ty1 ev]gre5 trees %\ld be us$4 ,= tempor>y scre5s1 any ( ! v l>ge-gr[+ h]bace\s plants may be us$4 ,v excell5t subjects are sunfl[]s1 ! l>ge-gr[+ nicotianas1 ca/or beans1 l>ge v>ieties ( ,indian corn1 & plants ( l gr[?4 ,v effici5t summ] scre5s may be made ) ailan?us1 paul[nia1 basswood1 sumac1 & o!r plants :i* t5d to ?r[ up succul5t %oots f ! base4 ,aft] ^! plants h be5 set a ye> or two1 !y are cut back ne>ly to ! gr\nd e w9t] or spr+1 & /rong %oots are ?r[n up ) great luxuriance dur+ ! summ]1 giv+ a d5se scre5 & pres5t+ a semi-tropical effect4 ,= su* purposes1 ! roots %\ld be plant$ only two or ?ree feet ap>t4 ,if1 aft] a "t1 ! roots become s cr[d$ t ! %oots are weak1 "s ( ! plants may be remov$4 ,top-dress+ ! area e fall ) manure w t5d to make ! gr\nd ri* en\gh to af=d a v heavy summ] gr[?4 ,,w9d ,,fl[]4 ,see ,anemone4 ,,w9d[-,,g>d5s4 ,! ,summ] ,w9d[ ,g>d54--,?is type ( g>d5+ is p>ticul>ly suit$ to ^? :o live 9 ! cr[d$ city1 :]e ! want ( o!r space makes ! ,w9d[-,g>d5 ! only "o possible4 ,illu/ration3 ,a summ] w9d[ l$ge ,h&somely f9i%$ boxes1 ornam5tal til+1 & bracket "w ( wood & iron suitable = fitt+ out w9d[s = ! gr[+ ( plants1 are on ! m>ket2 b su*1 :ile desirable1 are by no means necess>y4 ,a /\t p9e box ( a l5g? correspond+ to ! wid? ( ! w9d[1 ab\t #aj in*es wide & #f deep1 answ]s q z well z a f9] box1 s9ce x w likely be "s di/ance above ! /reet1 & its sides1 moreov]1 are soon cov]$ by ! v9es4 ,a z9c tray ( a size to fit into ! wood5 box may be ord]$ ( ! t9smi?4 ,x w t5d to keep ! soil f dry+ out s rapidly1 b x is n a necessity4 ,a few small holes 9 ! bottom ( ! box w provide = dra9age2 b ) c>efulness 9 wat]+ ^! are n necess>y1 s9ce ! box by its expos$ position w dry out readily dur+ summ] wea!r1 unless ! position is a %ad$ "o4 ,9 ! latt] case provision = good dra9age is always advisable4 ,s9ce !re is m or less cramp+ ( roots1 x w be necess>y to make ! soil ri*] ?an w\ld be requir$ 7 ! plants to gr[ 9 ! g>d54 ,! mo/ desirable soil is "o t does n pack h>d l clay1 nor contract mu* :5 dry1 b rema9s por\s & spr+y4 ,su* a soil is f\nd 9 ! pott+ soil us$ by flori/s1 & x may be obta9$ f !m at f #ej cts4 to #a a b>rel4 ,(t5 ! nature ( ! soil w be su* z to make x desirable to h at h& a b>rel ( %>p s& = mix+ ) ! soil1 to make x m por\s & prev5t bak+4 ,"s pot ! plants & !n set !m 9 ! w9d[-box1 fill+ ! spaces betwe5 ! pots ) moi/ moss4 ,aga91 !y are plant$ directly 9 ! soil4 ,! =m] me?od1 z a g5]al rule1 is to be pref]r$ 9 ! w9t] ,w9d[-,g>d52 ! latt] dur+ ! summ]4 ,! plants mo/ valuable = ! purpose are ^? ( droop+ habit1 su* z lobelias1 tropaeolums1 ,o?onna crassifolia1 ,k5ilwor? ivy1 & sweet alyssum4 ,su* plants may occupy ! front r[1 :ile back ( !m may be ! erect-gr[+ plants1 l g]aniums1 heliotropes1 begonias1 etc4 ,j :at plants w be mo/ suitable w dep5d on ! exposure4 ,= ! %ady side ( ! /reet1 ! m delicate k9ds ( plants may be us$4 ,= full exposure to ! sun1 x w be necess>y to select ! m vigor\s-gr[+ k9ds4 ,9 ! latt] position1 suitable plants = droop+ w\ld be3 99tropaeolums1 99passifloras1 ! s+le petunias1 sweet alyssum1 lobelias1 v]b5as1 mesembryan!mums4 ,= erect-gr[+ plants3 g]aniums1 heliotropes1 etc4 ,if ! position is a %ad$ "o1 ! droop+ plants might be ( ! foll[+3 tradescantia1 ,k5ilwor? ivy1 99s5ecio or p>lor ivy1 s$ums1 99moneywort1 v9ca1 99smilax1 99lygodium or climb+ f]n4 ,erect-gr[+ plants w\ld be draca5as1 palms1 f]ns1 coleus1 c5taurea1 spott$ calla1 & o!rs4 ,= %ady situations ! ma9 dep5d5ce is ^u plants ( graceful =m or h&some foliage2 :ile = ! sunny w9d[ ! selection may be ( bloom+ plants4 ,( ! plants above m5tion$ = ^! two positions1 ^? m>k$ ) an a/]isk 7997 are ( climb+ habit1 & may be tra9$ up ab\t ! sides ( ! w9d[4 ,o!rs w be f\nd among ! climb+ plants m5tion$ "u ,v9es1 ,annuals & ,basket ,plants4 ,aft] ! plants h fill$ ! e>? ) roots1 x w be desirable to give ! surface ( ! soil among ! plants a v light spr9kl+ ( bone-du/ or a ?ick] coat+ ( rott$ manure f "t to "t dur+ ! summ]2 or in/ead ( ?is1 a wat]+ ) weak liquid manure ab\t once a week4 ,?is is n necess>y1 h[ev]1 until ! gr[? %[s t ! roots h ab\t exhau/$ ! soil4 ,9 ! fall ! box may be plac$ on ! inside ( ! w9d[4 ,9 ?is case x w be desirable to ?9 out ! foliage some:at1 %ort5 9 "s ( ! v9es1 & p]haps remove "s ( ! plants4 ,x w also be desirable to give a fre% coat+ ( ri* soil4 ,increas$ c>e w be necess>y1 also1 9 wat]+1 s9ce ! plants w h less light ?an previ\sly1 &1 moreov]1 !re may be no provision = dra9age4 ,! ,w9t] ,w9d[-,g>d5 may consi/ simply ( a j>d9i]e1 or a few *oice pot-plants on a /& at ! w9d[1 or ( a consid]able collection1 ) m or less elaborate arrangem5ts = _! accommodation 9 ! way ( box1 brackets1 %elves & /&s4 ,exp5sive arrangem5ts are by no means necess>y1 nor is a l>ge collection4 ,! plants & fl[]s !mselves are ! ma9 consid]ation1 & a small collection well c>$ = is bett] ?an a l>ge "o unless x c be easily accommodat$ & kept 9 good condition4 ,! w9d[ = plants %\ld h a s\!rn1 s\?-ea/]n or ea/]n exposure4 ,plants ne$ all ! light !y c get 9 ! w9t]1 especially ^? :i* are expect$ to bloom4 ,! w9d[ %\ld be tight-fitt+4 ,%utt]s & a curta9 w be an advantage 9 cold wea!r4 ,plants l a c]ta9 uni=mity 9 conditions4 ,x is v try+ on !m1 & (t5 fatal to success1 to h !m snug & w>m "o night & %iv]+ 9 a temp]ature only a few degrees above freez+ ! next4 ,"s plants w live 9 spite ( x1 b !y _c be expect$ to prosp]4 ,^? ^: rooms are heat$ ) /eam1 hot wat] or hot air w h to gu>d aga9/ keep+ rooms too w>m fully z mu* z keep+ !m too cool4 ,rooms 9 brick dwell+s t h be5 w>m all day1 if %ut up & made snug 9 ! ev5+ w (t5 keep w>m ov] night )\t heat except 9 ! colde/ wea!r4 ,rooms 9 frame dwell+s1 & expos$ on all sides1 soon cool d[n4 ,x is difficult to gr[ plants 9 rooms light$ by gas1 z ! burn+ gas vitiates ! atmosph]e4 ,mo/ liv+-rooms h too dry air = plants4 ,9 su* cases ! b[ w9d[ may be set (f f ! room by glass doors2 "o !n has a m9iature cons]vatory4 ,:ile keep+ ! plants at a suitable temp]ature1 we mu/ n =get t plants love moi/ure1 or a humid atmosph]e1 & t our liv+-rooms ord9>ily are v dry4 ,a pan ( wat] on ! /ove or on ! regi/] & damp moss among ! pots1 w af=d plants ! necess>y humidity4 ,! foliage w ne$ cleans+ f "t to "t to free x f du/4 ,a ba? tub provid$ ) a ready outlet = ! wat] is an excell5t place = ?is purpose4 ,! plants may be turn$ on _! sides & support$ on a small box above ! bottom ( ! tub4 ,!n !y may be freely syr+$ )\t dang] ( mak+ ! soil too wet4 ,x is usually advisable n to wet ! fl[]s1 h[ev]1 especially ! :ite wax5 k9ds1 l hyac9?s4 ,! foliage ( ,rex begonias %\ld be cleans$ ) a piece ( dry or only slightly moi/ cotton4 ,b if ! leaves c be quickly dri$ (f by plac+ !m 9 ! op5 air on mild days1 or mod]ately ne> ! /ove1 ! foliage may be syr+$4 ,illu/ration3 ,a w9d[-box ,! w9d[-box 9 ! room w be se5 ne> at h&1 s may be m or less ornam5tal 9 "*4 ,! sides may be cov]$ ) ornam5tal tile held 9 place by m\ld+2 or a light lattice-"w ( wood surr\nd+ ! box is pretty4 ,b a neatly made & /rong box ( ab\t ! dim5sions m5tion$ on page #bdb1 ) a /rip ( m\ld+ at ! top & bottom1 answ]s j z well2 & if pa9t$ gre51 or "s neutral %ade1 only ! plants w be se5 or ?\ght (4 ,brackets1 j>d9i]es & /&s may be pur*as$ ( any ( ! l>g] flori/s4 ,! w9d[-box may consi/ ( m]ely ! wood5 box2 b a pref]able arrangem5t is to make x ab\t eight in*es deep in/ead ( six1 !n h ! t9smi? make a z9c tray to fit ! box4 ,?is is provid$ ) a false wood5 bottom1 ) cracks = dra9age1 two in*es above ! real bottom ( ! tray4 ,! plants w !n h a vacant space bel[ !m into :i* dra9age wat] may pass4 ,su* a box may be ?or\ghly wat]$ z ! plants require )\t dang] ( ! wat] runn+ on ! c>pet4 ,( c\rse1 a faucet %\ld be provid$ at "s suitable po9t on a level ) ! bottom ( ! tray1 to p]mit ( its be+ dra9$ e day or s if ! wat] t5ds to accumulate4 ,x w\ld n d to all[ ! wat] to rema9 long2 especially %\ld x nev] rise to ! false bottom1 z !n ! soil w\ld be kept too wet4 ,"s p]sons atta* ! box to ! w9d[1 or support x on brackets atta*$ bel[ ! w9d[-sill2 b a pref]able arrangem5t is to support ! box on a l[ & light /& ( suitable height provid$ ) roll]s4 ,x may !n be drawn back f ! w9d[1 turn$ ar\nd f "t to "t to give ! plants light on all sides1 or turn$ ) ! h&some side 9 z may be desir$1 & s on4 ,(t5 ! plants are set directly 9 ! soil2 b if !y are kept 9 pots !y may be re>rang$1 *ang$ ab\t to give ^? :i* ne$ x m light1 etc4 ,l>g] plants :i* are to /& on %elves or brackets may be 9 por\s e>!nw>e pots2 b ! small] ones :i* are to fill ! w9d[-box may be plac$ 9 heavy pap] pots4 ,! sides ( ^! are flexible1 & ! plants 9 !m !re=e may be cr[d$ close toge!r ) great economy 9 space4 ,:5 pots are spac$1 damp sphagnum or o!r moss among !m w hold !m 9 place1 keep ! soil f dry+ out too rapidly1 & at ! same "t give (f moi/ure1 s grateful to ! foliage4 ,9 addition to ! /&1 or box1 a bracket = "o or m pots on ei!r side ( ! w9d[1 ab\t "o-?ird or half way up1 w be desirable4 ,! bracket %\ld turn on a basal h+e or pivot1 to admit ( sw++ x =w>d or backw>d4 ,^! bracket plants usually suff] = moi/ure1 & are r difficult to manage4 ,flori/s n[ usually gr[ plants suitable = ,w9d[-,g>d5s & w9t] fl[]+1 & any intellig5t flori/1 if ask$1 w take pleasure 9 mak+ out a suitable collection4 ,! plants %\ld be ord]$ e>ly 9 ! fall2 ! flori/ w !n n be s cr[d$ = "t & c give ! matt] bett] att5tion4 ,mo/ ( ! plants suitable = ! w9t] ,w9d[-,g>d5 belong to ! gr\ps :i* flori/s gr[ 9 _! m$ium & cool h\ses4 ,! =m] are giv5 a night temp]ature ( ab\t #fj deg41 ! latt] ab\t #ej deg4 ,9 ea* case ! temp]ature is #aj to #ae deg4 high] = ! daytime4 ,five degrees ( v>iation bel[ ^! temp]atures w be all[able )\t any injuri\s effects2 ev5 m may be borne1 b n )\t m or less *eck to ! plants4 ,9 bright1 sunny wea!r ! day temp]ature may be high] ?an 9 cl\dy & d>k wea!r4 ,,plants ,,= ,,an ,,av]age ,,night ,,temp]ature ,,( #fj deg4 ,upright fl[]+ plants4--,abutilons1 br[allias1 calceol>ia ,l9coln ,p>k1 begonias1 b\v>dias1 euphorbias1 sc>let sage1 ri*>dia or calla1 heliotropes1 fu*sias1 ,*9ese hibiscus1 jasm9es1 s+le petunias1 swa9sona1 billb]gia1 freesias1 g]aniums1 cupheas4 ,upright foliage plants4--,muehl5beckia1 ,cycas revoluta1 ,draca5a fragrans & o!rs1 palms1 cannas1 ,f>fugium gr&e1 a*yran!s1 f]ns1 arauc>ia1 epiphyllums1 p&anus or screw p9e1 ,pilea arborea1 ,ficus ela/ica1 ,grevillea robu/a4 ,climb+ plants4--,asp>agus t5uissimus1 ,a4 plumosus1 ,cobaea sc&5s1 smilax1 ,japanese hop1 ,madeira v9e 7,b\ss+aultia71 ,s5ecio mikanioides & ,s4 macroglossus 7p>lor ivies74 ,see also li/ bel[4 ,l[-gr[+1 trail+1 or droop+ plants4--,^! may be us$ = baskets & edg+s4 ,fl[]+ k9ds are3 ,sweet alyssum1 lobelia1 ,fu*sia procumb5s1 mesembryan!mum1 ,oxalis p5dula1 ,o4 floribunda & o!rs1 ,russelia juncea1 ,mah]nia odorata or honey-bell4 ,foliage plants ( droop+ habit4--,v9cas1 ,saxifraga s>m5tosa1 ,k5ilwor? ivy1 tradescantia or ,w&]+ ,jew1 99,fe/uca glauca1 o?onna1 99,isolepsis gracilis1 ,engli% ivy1 ,selag9ella d5ticulata & o!rs4 ,"s ( ^! plants fl[] q freely1 b ! fl[]s are small & ( second>y consid]ation4 ,^? ) an a/]isk 7997 droop b slightly4 ,,plants ,,= ,,an ,,av]age ,,night ,,temp]ature ,,( #ej deg4 ,upright fl[]+ plants4--,azaleas1 cyclam5s1 c>nations1 *rysan!mums1 g]aniums1 ,*9ese primroses1 /evia1 m>gu]ite or ,p>is daisy1 s+le petunias1 ,an!mis coron>ia1 camellias1 ardisia 7b]ries71 c9]>ia1 violets1 hyac9?s1 n>cissus1 tulips1 ! ,ea/] lily :5 9 bloom1 & o!rs4 ,upright foliage plants4--,pittosporum1 palms1 aucuba1 euonymus 7gold5 & silv]y v>iegat$71 arauc>ia1 p&anus1 du/y mill]4 ,climb+ plants4--,engli% ivy1 maur&ia1 s5ecio or p>lor ivy1 lygodium 7climb+ f]n74 ,droop+ or trail+ plants4--,fl[]+ k9ds are3 ,sweet alyssum1 ,mah]nia odorata1 ,russelia & ivy g]anium4 ,bulbs 9 ! ,w9d[-,g>d54--,! s+le ,roman hyac9? is an excell5t h\se plant4 ,its fl[]s are small1 b !y are graceful & especially well suit$ = cutt+4 ,! bulbs are easily =c$1 & are manag$ l o!r hyac9?s4 ,! secret ( =c+ ! ,dut* bulbs & mo/ o!rs is to pot !m & !n1 aft] wat]+ ! pots1 set !m away 9 a cool1 d>k place until ! pot is fill$ ) roots4 ,!y may be plac$ 9 ! cell> to root up1 or be buri$ #c or #d in*es deep 9 ! soil4 ,x is well to delay pott+ !m until su* "t z !y c be kept cool :ile =m+ _! roots4 ,a temp]ature ( ab\t #dj deg4 to #de deg4 suits !m dur+ ?is p]iod4 ,9 mo/ cases x is well to select pots #e or #f in*es 9 diamet] & place f ?ree to six bulbs 9 a pot1 accord+ to ! size ( ! bulbs & ! plants4 ,! pot hav+ be5 fill$ ) soil1 x is only necess>y to press !m d[n till ! tip1 or ab\t "o-f\r?1 %[s above ! soil4 ,aft] ?is a slight j>r+ or %>p rap w settle ! soil4 ,!y are !n wat]$ & set away1 z be=e m5tion$4 ,if kept d>k & cool !y w ne$ no m wat]+ until !y are br\ght out & beg9 to gr[1 :5 !y may be wat]$ freely4 ,illu/ration3 ,w9d[-g>d5 ,hyac9?s1 tulips & n>cissus all require ab\t ! same treatm5t4 ,:5 well root$1 :i* w be 9 six or eight weeks1 !y are br\ght out & giv5 a temp]ature ( "s #ee deg4 to #fj deg4 till ! fl[]s appe>1 :5 !y %\ld be kept 9 a cool] temp]ature1 say #ej deg4 ,! ,ea/] lily is manag$ ! same way1 only1 to ha/5 its fl[]s1 x %\ld be kept at n l[] ?an #fj deg4 at night4 ,w>m] w be bett]4 ,lilies may be cov]$ an in* or m deep4 ,freesias may be pott$ six or m 9 a pot ( mell[ soil1 & !n />t$ into gr[? at once4 ,at fir/ !y might be giv5 a night temp]ature ( #ej deg41 & #ee deg4 to #fj deg4 :5 !y h begun to gr[4 ,bulbs l ! sn[drop & crocus are plant$ sev]al or a doz5 9 a pot & buri$1 or treat$ l hyac9?s2 b !y are v s5sitive to heat1 & require only to be giv5 ! light :5 !y h />t$ to gr[1 )\t any =c+4 ,=ty to #de deg4 w be z w>m z !y ev] ne$ be kept4 ,see ! article on ,bulbs2 also1 ! advice giv5 = ! v>i\s plants "u _! respective names4 ,pe/s4--,w9d[-,g>d5 pe/s are discuss$ "u ,insects4 ,,w9t]-,,kill+ is induc$ by a late fall gr[?1 & also by a dry1 unprotect$ soil4 ,all t5d] woody plants %\ld be well rip5$ be=e cold wea!r comes3 cease tillage e>ly3 d n apply /imulat+ manures late 9 ! season4 ,mul* all t5d] or half h>dy plants 7see ,mul*74 ,ev5 h>dy plants are b5efit$ by a mul*4 ,:5 possible1 x is bett] to b5d plants to ! gr\nd & cov] !m ?an to wrap !m up z !y /&2 b ?is _c be done ) tall or /iff subjects4 ,wrapp+ 9 /raw or burlaps af=ds excell5t protection1 b x is possible to wrap too heavily4 ,a b>rel1 less ! heads1 may be set ov] small plants & !n fill$ ) leaves or o!r loose litt]2 or a cyl9d] ( wire *ick5-scre5 may be sub/itut$ = ! b>rel4 ,remove ! protection 9 ! spr+ be=e ! buds />t4 ,see t mice d n ne/ 9 ! b>rel or 9 ! mul*4 ,,z9nia4 ,%[y h>dy annuals4 ,! old =mal type ( ,z9nias has giv5 place to a race ( fre] =ms :i* are excell5t plants ei!r = color effect or = cutt+4 ,! colors h be5 v>i$ & bright5$1 ! fl[]s d\bl$ & ! plants dw>f$4 ,se$ %\ld be s[n 9 a hotb$ or h\se 9 ,m>*1 transplant$ once at lea/ be=e plant+ out1 & set 9 well enri*$ soil4 ,or1 ! se$ may be s[n :]e ! plants are to gr[4 ,! tall v>ieties 7#c feet7 %\ld /& #ah to #bd in*es ap>t4 ,^! are be/ = masses at a di/ance4 ,! ,be/ & ,newe/ ,rural ,books ,,books ,,on ,,lead+ ,,topics ,,connect$ ,,) ,,agricultural ,,& ,,rural ,,life ,,are ,,"h ,,m5tion$4 ,,ea* ,,book ,,is ,,! ,,"w ,,( ,a ,,speciali/1 ,,"u ,,! ,,editorial ,,sup]vision ,,( ,,pr(essor ,l4 ,h4 ,,bailey1 ,,( ,,! ,,cornell ,,univ]sity1 ,,or ,,by ,,pr(essor ,,bailey ,,himself1 ,,& ,,is ,,readable1 ,,cle>-,,cut ,,& ,,practical4 ,,! ,,rural ,,sci5ce ,,s]ies ,includes books :i* /ate ! und]ly+ pr9ciples ( agriculture 9 pla9 language4 ,!y are suitable = consultation alike by ! amateur or pr(essional till] ( ! soil1 ! sci5ti/ or ! /ud5t1 & are freely illu/rat$ & f9ely made4 ,! foll[+ volumes are n[ ready3 ,,! ,,soil4 ,by ,f4 ,h4 ,,k+1 ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,wiscons94 #cjc pp4 #de illu/rations4 #ge c5ts4 ,,! ,,f]tility ,,( ,,! ,,l&4 ,by ,i4 ,p4 ,,rob]ts1 ( ,cornell ,univ]sity4 ,fif? edition4 #dba pp4 #de illu/rations4 #a4be4 ,,! ,,spray+ ,,( ,,plants4 ,by ,e4 ,g4 ,,lodeman1 late ( ,cornell ,univ]sity4 #cii pp4 #ib illu/rations4 #a4jj4 ,,milk ,,& ,,its ,,products4 ,by ,h4 ,h4 ,,w+1 ( ,cornell ,univ]sity4 ,fif? edition4 #caa pp4 #dc illu/rations4 #a4jj4 ,,! ,,pr9ciples ,,( ,,fruit-,,gr[+4 ,by ,l4 ,h4 ,,bailey4 ,f\r? edition4 #eaf pp4 #abj illu/rations4 #a4be4 ,,bu%-,,fruits4 ,by ,f4 ,w4 ,,c>d1 ( ,rhode ,isl& ,college ( ,agriculture & ,me*anic ,arts4 ,second edition4 #ecg pp4 #aac illu/rations4 #a4ej4 ,,f]tiliz]s4 ,by ,e4 ,b4 ,,voorhees1 ( ,new ,j]sey ,exp]im5t ,/ation4 ,?ird edition4 #ccb pp4 #a4jj4 ,,! ,,pr9ciples ,,( ,,agriculture4 ,by ,l4 ,h4 ,,bailey4 ,?ird edition4 #cjj pp4 #ib illu/rations4 #a4be4 ,,irrigation ,,& ,,dra9age4 ,by ,f4 ,h4 ,,k+1 ,univ]sity ( ,wiscons94 #ejb pp4 #afc illu/rations4 #a4ej4 ,,! ,,f>m/ead4 ,by ,i4 ,p4 ,,rob]ts4 #cej pp4 #ach illu/rations4 #a4be4 ,,rural ,,weal? ,,& ,,welf>e4 ,by ,,george ,t4 ,,fair*ild1 ,ex-,presid5t ( ! ,agricultural ,college ( ,kansas4 #cha pp4 #ad *>ts4 #a4be4 ,,! ,,pr9ciples ,,( ,,vegetable-,,g>d5+4 ,by ,l4 ,h4 ,,bailey #dfh pp4 #add illu/rations4 #a4be4 ,,! ,,fe$+ ,,( ,,animals4 ,by ,w4 ,h4 ,,jordan1 ( ,new ,york ,/ate ,exp]im5t ,/ation4 #dej pp4 #a4be net4 ,,f>m ,,p\ltry4 ,by ,,george ,c4 ,,watson1 ( ,p5nsylvania ,/ate ,college4 #cda pp4 #a4be net4 ,new volumes w be add$ f "t to "t to ! ,,rural ,,sci5ce ,,s]ies4 ,! foll[+ are 9 prep>ation3 ,,physiology ,,( ,,plants4 ,by ,j4 ,c4 ,,ar?ur1 ,purdue ,univ]sity4 ,,! ,,pr9ciples ,,( ,,/ock ,,bre$+4 ,by ,w4 ,h4 ,,brew]1 ( ,yale ,univ]sity4 ,,plant ,,pa?ology4 ,by ,b4 ,t4 ,,gall[ay & associates1 ( ,u4 ,s4 ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture4 ,,c>e ,,( ,,animals4 ,by ,n4 ,s4 ,,mayo1 ( ,connecticut ,agricultural ,college4 ,,! ,,pome ,,fruits 7,apples1 ,pe>s1 ,qu9ces74 ,by ,l4 ,h4 ,,bailey4 ,,! ,,f>m]',s ,,bus9ess ,,h&book4 ,by ,i4 ,p4 ,,rob]ts1 ( ,cornell ,univ]sity4 ,,! ,,g>d5-,,craft ,,s]ies ,comprises practical h&-books = ! horticulturi/1 expla9+ & illu/rat+ 9 detail ! v>i\s important me?ods :i* exp]i5ce has demon/rat$ to be ! mo/ satisfactory4 ,!y may be call$ manuals ( practice1 & ?\gh all are prep>$ by ,pr(essor ,,bailey1 ( ,cornell ,univ]sity1 !y include ! op9ions & me?ods ( successful speciali/s 9 _m l9es1 ?us comb9+ ! results ( ! obs]vations & exp]i5ces ( num]\s /ud5ts 9 ?is & o!r l&s4 ,!y are writt5 9 ! cle>1 /rong1 concise ,engli% & 9 ! ent]ta9+ /yle :i* *>act]ize ! au?or4 ,! volumes are compact1 uni=m 9 /yle1 cle>ly pr9t$1 & illu/rat$ z ! subject dem&s4 ,!y are ( conv5i5t %ape = ! pocket1 & are sub/antially b\nd 9 flexible gre5 clo?4 ,,! ,,horticulturi/',s ,,rule-,,book4 ,by ,l4 ,h4 ,,bailey4 ,f\r? edition4 #cab pp4 #ge cts4 ,,! ,,nurs]y-,,book4 ,by ,l4 ,h4 ,,bailey4 ,fif? edition4 #cfe pp4 #aeb illu/rations4 #a4jj4 ,,plant-,,bre$+4 ,by ,l4 ,h4 ,,bailey4 #bic pp4 #bj illu/rations4 #a4jj4 ,,! ,,=c+-,,book4 ,by ,l4 ,h4 ,,bailey4 #bff pp4 #hh illu/rations4 #a4jj4 ,,g>d5-,,mak+4 ,by ,l4 ,h4 ,,bailey4 ,fif? edition4 #dag pp4 #bef illu/rations4 #a4jj4 ,,! ,,prun+-,,book4 ,by ,l4 ,h4 ,,bailey4 ,f\r? edition4 #ede pp4 #cca illu/rations4 #a4ej4 ,,! ,,practical ,,g>d5-,,book4 ,by ,c4 ,e4 ,,hunn & ,l4 ,h4 ,,bailey4 #bej pp4 ,_m m>g9al cuts4 #a4jj4 ,,works ,,by ,,pr(essor ,,bailey ,,! ,,survival ,,( ,,! ,,unlike3 ,a ,collection ( ,evolution ,essays ,sugge/$ by ! ,/udy ( ,dome/ic ,plants4 ,by ,l4 ,h4 ,,bailey1 ,pr(essor ( ,horticulture 9 ! ,cornell ,univ]sity4 ,,f\r? ,,edition--#eae ,,pages--#bb ,,illu/rations--#b4jj ,to ^? int]e/$ 9 ! und]ly+ philosophy ( plant life1 ?is volume1 writt5 9 a mo/ ent]ta9+ /yle1 & fully illu/rat$1 w prove welcome4 ,x treats ( ! modification ( plants "u cultivation ^u ! evolution !ory1 & its attitude on ?is int]e/+ subject is *>act]iz$ by ! au?or's well-kn[n orig9ality & indep5d5ce ( ?\ght4 ,incid5tally1 !re is /at$ mu* t w be valuable & sugge/ive to ! work+ horticulturi/1 z well z to ! man or woman impell$ by a love ( nature to horticultural pursuits4 ,x may well be call$1 inde$1 a philosophy ( horticulture1 9 :i* all int]e/$ may f9d inspiration & in/ruction4 ,,! ,,survival ,,( ,,! ,,unlike comprises ?irty essays t\*+ ^u ,! ,g5]al ,fact & ,philosophy ( ,evolution 7,! ,plant ,individual1 ,exp]im5tal ,evolution1 ,coxey's ,army & ! ,russian ,?i/le1 ,rec5t ,progress1 etc472 ,exp\nd+ ! ,fact & ,causes ( ,v>iation 7,! ,suppos$ ,correlations ( ,quality 9 ,fruits1 ,natural ,hi/ory ( ,synonyms1 ,reflective ,impressions1 ,relation ( ,se$-be>+ to ,cultivation1 ,v>iation aft] ,bir?1 ,relation betwe5 ,am]ican & ,ea/]n ,asian ,fruits1 ,horticultural ,geography1 ,problems ( ,climate & ,plants1 ,am]ican ,fruits1 ,acclimatization1 ,sex 9 ,fruits1 ,novelties1 ,promis+ ,v>ieties1 etc472 & ,trac+ ! ,evolution ( ,p>ticul> ,types ( ,plants 7! ,cultivat$ ,/rawb]ry1 ,battle ( ! ,plums1 ,grapes1 ,progress ( ! ,c>nation1 ,petunia1 ,! ,g>d5 ,tomato1 etc474 ,,! ,,evolution ,,( ,,our ,,native ,,fruits4 ,by ,l4 ,h4 ,,bailey1 ,pr(essor ( ,horticulture 9 ! ,cornell ,univ]sity4 #dgb ,,pages--#abe ,,illu/rations--#b4jj ,9 ?is ent]ta9+ volume1 ! orig9 & developm5t ( ! fruits peculi> to ,nor? ,am]ica are inquir$ into1 & ! p]sonality ( ^? horticultural pione]s ^: almo/ =gott5 labors h giv5 u our mo/ valuable fruits is t\*$ ^u4 ,!re has be5 c>eful rese>* into ! hi/ory ( ! v>i\s fruits1 includ+ inspection ( ! records ( ! great ,european botani/s :o h giv5 att5tion to ,am]ican economic botany4 ,! conclusions rea*$1 ! in=mation pres5t$1 & ! sugge/ions z to future developm5ts1 _c b be valuable to any ?\ghtful fruit-gr[]1 :ile ! t]se /yle ( ! au?or is at its be/ 9 8 treatm5t ( ! subject4 ,,! ,,evolution ,,( ,,our ,,native ,,fruits discusses ,! ,rise ( ! ,am]ican ,grape 7,nor? ,am]ica a ,natural ,v9el&1 ,attempts to ,cultivate ! ,european ,grape1 ,! ,exp]im5ts ( ! ,duf\rs1 ,! ,bran* ( ,promise1 ,john ,adlum & ! ,catawba1 ,rise ( ,comm]cial ,viticulture1 ,:y ,did ! ,e>ly ,v9e ,exp]im5ts ,fail8 ,synopsis ( ! ,am]ican ,grapes72 ,! ,/range ,hi/ory ( ! ,mulb]ries 7,! ,e>ly ,silk ,indu/ry1 ,! ,multicaulis ,craze172 ,evolution ( ,am]ican ,plums & ,*]ries 7,native ,plums 9 ,g5]al1 ,! ,*ickasaw1 ,hortulana1 ,m>ianna & ,bea* ,plum ,gr\ps1 ,pacific ,coa/ ,plum1 ,v>i\s ,o!r ,types ( ,plums1 ,native ,*]ries1 ,dw>f ,*]ry ,gr\p72 ,native ,apples 7,indig5\s ,species1 ,amelioration has begun72 ,orig9 ( ,am]ican ,raspb]ry-gr[+ 7,e>ly ,am]ican ,hi/ory1 ,pres5t ,types1 ,outly+ ,types72 ,evolution ( ,blackb]ry & ,dewb]ry ,culture 7,! ,high-bu% ,blackb]ry & ,its ,k91 ,! ,dewb]ries1 ,botanical ,names72 ,v>i\s ,types ( ,b]ry-l ,fruits 7,! ,gooseb]ry1 ,native ,currants1 ,juneb]ry1 ,buffalo ,b]ry1 ,eld]b]ry1 ,high-bu% ,cranb]ry1 ,cranb]ry1 ,/rawb]ry72 ,v>i\s ,types ( ,tree ,fruits 7,p]simmon1 ,cu/>d-,apple ,tribe1 ,?orn-,apples1 ,nut-,fruits72 ,g5]al ,rem>ks on ! ,improvem5t ( our ,native ,fruits 7,:at ,has ,be5 ,done1 ,:at ,probably ,%\ld ,be ,done74 ,,lessons ,,) ,,plants3 ,sugge/ions = ,see+ & ,int]pret+ ,"s ( ! ,common ,=ms ( ,vegetation4 ,by ,l4 ,h4 ,,bailey1 ,pr(essor ( ,horticulture 9 ! ,cornell ,univ]sity1 ) del9eations f nature by ,w4 ,s4 ,,holdswor?1 ( ! ,agricultural ,college ( ,mi*igan4 ,,second ,,edition--#dia ,,pages--#ddf ,,illu/rations--#ab ,,mo--,,clo?--#a4aj ,,net ,!re are two ways ( look+ at nature4 ,! old way1 :i* y h f\nd s unsatisfactory1 0 to classify ev]y?+--to consid] leaves1 roots1 & :ole plants z =mal h]b>ium specim5s1 =gett+ t ea* _h its own /ory ( gr[? & developm5t1 /ruggle & success1 to tell4 ,no?+ /ifles a natural love = plants m effectually ?an t old way4 ,! new way is to wat* ! life ( e gr[+ ?+1 to look ^u ea* plant z a liv+ creature1 ^: life is a /ory z fasc9at+ z ! /ory ( any favorite h]o4 ,lessons ) ,plants is a book ( /ories1 or r1 a book ( plays1 = we c see ea* *apt] act$ out if we take ! tr\ble to look at ! actors4 ,i h sp5t "s "t 9 mo/ delightful exam9ation ( x1 & ! long] ,i look1 ! bett] ,i l x4 ,i f9d x n only full ( int]e/1 b em95tly sugge/ive4 ,i "k ( no book :i* beg9s to d s mu* to op5 ! eyes ( ! /ud5t--:e!r pupil or tea*]--to ! weal? ( mean+ conta9$ 9 simple plant =ms4 ,above all else1 x seems to be full ( sugge/ions t help "o to le>n ! language ( plants1 s !y may talk to him4--,,d>w9 ,l4 ,,b>dwell1 ,sup]9t5d5t ( ,s*ools1 ,b+hamton4 ,x is an admirable book1 & _c fail bo? to awak5 int]e/ 9 ! subject1 & to s]ve z a helpful & reliable guide to "y /ud5ts ( plant life4 ,x w1 ,i ?9k1 fill an important place 9 second>y s*ools1 & comes at an opportune "t1 :5 helps ( ?is k9d are ne$$ & eag]ly s\ght4--,pr(essor ,v4 ,m4 ,,spald+1 ,univ]sity ( ,mi*igan4 ,,fir/ ,,lessons ,,) ,,plants ,an ,abridgem5t ( ! above4 #aag ,,pages--#aaf ,,illu/rations--#dj ,,c5ts ,,net4 ,,botany3 ,an ,elem5t>y ,text = ,s*ools4 ,by ,l4 ,h4 ,,bailey4 #cee ,,pages--#ejj ,,illu/rations--#a4aj ,,net ,?is book is made = ! pupil3 ',lessons ,) ,plants' 0 made to supplem5t ! "w ( ! tea*]4 ,?is is ! op5+ s5t5ce ( ! preface1 %[+ t ! book is a companion to ,lessons ,) ,plants1 :i* has n[ become a /&>d tea*]'s book4 ,! pres5t book is ! h&some/ elem5t>y botanical text-book yet made4 ,! illu/rations illu/rate4 ,!y are arti/ic4 ,! old =mal & unnatural ,botany is be+ rapidly outgr[n4 ,! book disp>ages m]e laboratory "w ( ! old k9d3 ! pupil is taught to see ?+s z !y gr[ & behave4 ,! pupil :o goes ?r\gh ?is book w und]/& ! mean+ ( ! plants :i* he sees day by day4 ,x is a revolt f ! dry-z-du/ tea*+ ( botany4 ,x c>es little = sci5ce = sci5ce's sake1 b its po9t ( view is nature-/udy 9 its be/ s5se4 ,! book is divid$ into f\r p>ts1 any or all ( :i* may be us$ 9 ! s*ool3 ! plant itself2 ! plant 9 its environm5t2 hi/ology1 or ! m9ute /ructure ( plants2 ! k9ds ( plants 7) a key1 & descriptions ( #cjj common species74 ,! introduction conta9s advice to tea*]s4 ,! book is br& new f />t to f9i%4 ,an exce$+ly attractive text-book4--,educational ,review4 ,x is a s*ool book ( ! mod]n me?ods4--,! ,dial4 ,x w\ld be h>d to f9d a bett] manual = s*ools or = individual use4--,! ,outlook4 999999 ,,! ,,macmillan ,,company ,no4 #ff ,fif? ,av5ue ,,new ,,york ,,! ,,cyclop$ia ,,( ,,am]ican ,,horticulture3 ,by ,l4 ,h4 ,,bailey1 ( ,cornell ,univ]sity1 assi/$ by ,,wilhelm ,,mill]1 & _m exp]t cultivators & botani/s4 #d ,,vols4--,,ov] #bhjj ,,orig9al ,,engrav+s--,,clo?--,,octavo #bj4jj ,,net ,,p] ,,set4 ,,half ,,morocco1 #cb4jj ,,net ,,p] ,,set ,?is great "w comprises directions = ! cultivation ( horticultural crops & orig9al descriptions ( all ! species ( fruits1 vegetables1 fl[]s & ornam5tal plants kn[n to be 9 ! m>ket 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,canada4 ,x has ! unique di/9ction ( pres5t+ = ! fir/ "t1 9 a c>efully arrang$ & p]fectly accessible =m1 ! be/ k ( ! be/ speciali/s 9 ,am]ica ^u g>d5+1 fruit-gr[+1 vegetable culture1 =e/ry1 & ! l1 z well z exact botanical in=mation4444 ,! contributors are em95t cultivators or speciali/s1 & ! arrangem5t is v sy/ematic1 cle> & conv5i5t = ready ref]5ce4 ,we h "h a "w :i* e ambitions g>d5] w wi% to place on 8 %elf beside 8 ,ni*olson & 8 ,l\don1 & = su* us]s ( x a too advanc$ nom5clature w\ld h be5 confus+ to ! la/ degree4 ,) ! safe names "h giv51 !re is little liability to s]i\s p]plexity4 ,!re is a gr[+ impati5ce ) mu* ( ! controv]sy conc]n+ revision ( names ( organisms1 :e!r ( plants or animals4 ,^? inve/igators :o are busi$ ) ! ecological aspects ( organisms1 & also ^? :o are *iefly conc]n$ ) ! application ( plants to ! arts ( agriculture1 horticulture1 & s on1 c>e = ! names ( organisms "u exam9ation only s f> z ^! aid 9 recognition & id5tification4 ,to introduce unnecess>y confusion is a s]i\s blund]4 ,pr(essor ,bailey has avoid$ ! risk ( confusion4 ,9 %ort1 9 range1 treatm5t & edit+1 ! ,cyclop$ia appe>s to be emphatically useful2 444 a "w wor?y ( rank+ by ! side ( ! ,c5tury ,diction>y4--,! ,nation4 ,,?is ,,"w ,,is ,,sold ,,only ,,by ,,subscription1 ,,& ,,t]ms ,,& ,,fur!r ,,in=mation ,,may ,,be ,,_h ,,( ,,! ,,publi%]s4 ,,! ,,macmillan ,,company ,no4 #ff ,fif? ,av5ue ,,new ,,york ,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,extra1 miss+1 or mispr9t$ punctuation has be5 correct$ )\t note4 ,v>iation 9 hyph5ation 7e4g4 h\se plants vs4 h\se-plants71 & capitalization 9 "s botanical names has be5 left z 9 ! orig9al4 ,9 ! ,,ascii v]sion1 ! degree symbol has be5 replac$ ) deg4 ,hyph5s h be5 add$ to numb]s ) fractions 7e4g4 "o & "o half is #a-a_/b71 & hyph5s indicat+ a range ( heights 7 *ang$ to ! ^w to 9 ! foll[+ passages3 gr[ #a to #b-a_/b ft4 high 7p4 #e72 ,gr[ #a-a_/b to #b ft4 high 7p4 #eb72 %\ld /& #a-a_/b to #b ft4 ap>t 7p4 #ef72 #a-a_/b to #b-a_/b ft4 high 7p4 #gd74 ,acc5ts & ligatures h also be5 remov$4 ,! foll[+ *anges 7 also made to ! text3 p4 #i3 c\s]vatory to cons]vatory p4 #ab3 ,burridgianum to ,burridgeanum 7,cosmidium ,burridgeanum7 p4 #ac3 autumnale to autumnalis 7,adonis autumnalis47 p4 #bc3 h]bac\s to h]bace\s p4 #da3 ,beaume to ,baume 7#bf deg4 ,baume7 p4 #ee3 bat*elor's to ba*elor's 7ba*elor's buttons7 p4 #ef3 ,callirhoe to ,callirrhoe p4 #hi3 rocomm5d$ to recomm5d$ 7! treatm5t recomm5d$ = ,crocus7 p4 #abb3 e/abli%d to e/abli%$ 7:5 well e/abli%$7 p4 #acb3 #hj1 deg4 to #hj deg41 7beg9s to fall bel[ #hj deg417 p4 #acc3 )old+ to )hold+ 7gradually )hold+ wat]7 p4 #bjg3 se$ to se$s 7six se$s 9 ea* hill7 p4 #bcc3 ipomeas to ipomoeas & ,ipomea to ,ipomoea p4 #bcc3 ,cobea to ,cobaea ,adv]tisem5ts 7end ( book73 sci5ce' to sci5ce's 7sci5ce = sci5ce's sake71 & ! repeat$ head+s ,,works ,,by ,,pr(essor ,,bailey remov$4