,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,pa9t+ ,,9 ,,italy4 ,,vol4 ,i4 ,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,pa9t+ ,,9 ,,italy1 ,,f ,,! ,,p]iod ,,( ,,! ,,revival ,,( ,,! ,,f9e ,,arts ,,to ,,! ,,end ,,( ,,! ,,eighte5? ,,c5tury3 ,,translat$ ,f ! ,orig9al ,italian ,,( ,,! ,,abate ,,luigi ,,lanzi4 ,,by ,,?omas ,,roscoe4 ,,9 ,,six ,,volumes4 ,,vol4 ,i4 ,,conta9+ ,,! ,,s*ools ,,( ,,flor5ce ,,& ,,si5a4 ,,london3 ,,pr9t$ ,,= ,w4 ,,simpk9 ,,& ,r4 ,,m>%all1 ,,/ation]s'-,,hall ,,c\rt1 ,,ludgate ,,/reet4 #ahbh4 ,j4 ,m',cre]y1 ,tooks ,c\rt1 ,*anc]y ,lane1 ,london4 ,,adv]tisem5t4 ,aft] ! v copi\s & excell5t rem>ks ^u ! objects ( ! pres5t hi/ory conta9$ 9 ! ,au?or's ,preface1 ! ,translator feels t x w\ld be useless on 8 "p to add any fur!r explanation4 ,x w\ld n be "r1 h[ev]1 to close ^! volumes )\t "s ackn[l$gm5t ( ! valuable assi/ance he has receiv$4 ,among/ o!rs1 he is p>ticul>ly indebt$ to ,dr4 ,traill1 ( ,liv]pool1 :o aft] proce$+ to "s l5g? ) a translation ( ?is "w1 k9dly plac$ :at he _h complet$ 9 ! h&s ( ! ,translator1 ) lib]ty to make su* use ( x z might be deem$ advantage\s to ! pres5t und]tak+4 ,to ,mr4 ,w4 ,y4 ,ottley1 :o also contemplat$1 & 9 "p execut$1 a v]sion ( ! same au?or1 ! ,translator has to express 8 obligations = sev]al explanations ( t]ms ( art1 :i* ! intimacy ( t g5tleman ) ! f9e arts1 9 all _! bran*es1 peculi>ly qualifies him to imp>t4#a ,simil> ackn[l$gm5ts are due to an enlight5$ & le>n$ =eign]1 ,mr4 ,panizzi1 ( ,liv]pool1 = 8 k9d explanation ( v>i\s obscure phrases & d\btful passages4 ,not)/&+ ! anxi\s desire & unremitt+ endeav\rs ( ! ,translator to r5d] ?is "w1 9 all in/ances1 z accurate z ! nature ( ! subject1 & ! num]\s difficulties he _h to surm\nt w\ld all[1 yet1 9 dismiss+ x f 8 h&s1 he _c repress ! feel+ t he mu/ ?r[ himself ^u ! indulg5ce ( ! public to excuse su* errors z may be discov]able 9 ! text4 ,he tru/s1 h[ev]1 t :]e x may be f\nd incorrect1 x w = ! mo/ "p be 9 ^? passages :]e d\btful t]ms ( art lay 9 8 way1 intelligible only to ! initiat$1 & :i* p]haps _m ( ! c\ntrym5 ( ,lanzi !mselves might n be able v readily to expla94 ,footnote #a3 ,! foll[+ are among ! valuable works :i* h be5 giv5 to ! public by ,mr4 ,ottley3--,! ,italian ,s*ool ( ,design1 be+ a s]ies ( ,fac-similes ( ,orig9al ,draw+s1 c4--,an ,inquiry into ! ,hi/ory ( ,engrav+4--,! ,/af=d ,gall]y4--,a ,s]ies ( ,plates engrav$ aft] ! ,pa9t+s & ,sculptures ( ! mo/ em95t ma/]s ( ! e>ly ,flor5t9e ,s*ool1 dur+ ! #ac?1 #ad?1 & #ae? c5turies4 ,?is "w =ms a complete illu/ration ( ! fir/ volume ( ,lanzi4--,a ,catalogue ( ! ,national ,gall]y4--,fac-similes ( ,specim5s ( ,e>ly ,ma/]s1 c4 ,,cont5ts ,,( ,,! ,,fir/ ,,volume4 ,page ,adv]tisem5t iii ,preface by ! ,au?or i ,biographical ,notice by ! ,translator xli ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,pa9t+ ,,9 ,,l[] ,,italy4 ,,book ,i4 ,,flor5t9e ,,s*ool4 ,,epo* ,i4 ,orig9 ( ! revival ( pa9t+--,association & me?ods ( ! old pa9t]s--,s]ies ( ,tuscan arti/s be=e ! "t ( ,cimabue & ,giotto4 ,,sect4 ,i4 #a ,flor5t9e pa9t]s :o liv$ aft] ,giotto to ! end ( ! fifte5? c5tury4 ,,sect4 ,,ii4 #ea ,orig9 & progress ( engrav+ on copp] & wood4 ,,sect4 ,,iii4 #aje ,,epo* ,,ii4 ,v9ci1 ,bon>ruoti1 & o!r celebrat$ arti/s1 =m ! mo/ fl\ri%+ era ( ?is s*ool #adg ,,epo* ,,iii4 ,! imitators ( ,mi*elangiolo #bbi ,,epo* ,,iv4 ,cigoli & 8 ,associates improve ! /yle ( pa9t+ #bhj ,,epo* ,v4 ,pietro da ,cortona & 8 foll[]s #cce ,,book ,,ii4 ,,si5ese ,,s*ool4 ,,epo* ,i4 ,! old ma/]s #cgb ,,epo* ,,ii4 ,=eign pa9t]s at ,si5a--,orig9 & progress ( ! mod]n /yle 9 t city #djf ,,epo* ,,iii4 ,! art hav+ decl9$ ?r\gh ! disa/]s ( ! /ate1 is reviv$ by ! lab\rs ( ,salimb5i & 8 sons #dcc ,,preface4 ,:5 deta*$ or individual hi/ories become s num]\s t !y c nei!r be easily collect$ nor p]us$1 ! public int]e/ requires a writ] capable ( arrang+ & embody+ !m 9 ! =m ( a g5]al hi/orical n>rative2 n1 inde$1 by a m9ute detail ( _! :ole cont5ts1 b by select+ f ea* t :i* appe>s mo/ int]e/+ & in/ructive4 ,h5ce x mo/ly happ5s1 t ! diffuse compositions ( e>li] ages are f\nd to give place to comp5diums1 & to succ9ct hi/ory4 ,if ?is desire has prevail$ 9 =m] times1 x has be51 & n[ is1 m especially ! *>act]i/ic ( our own4 ,we live 9 an age highly fav\rable1 9 "o s5se at lea/1 to ! cultivation ( intellect3 ! b\nd>ies ( sci5ce are n[ ext5d$ beyond :at our =efa!rs c\ld h hop$1 mu* less =ese52 & we become anxi\s only to discov] ! readie/ me?ods ( obta9+ a compet5t k1 at lea/1 ( sev]al sci5ces1 s9ce x is impossible to acquire !m all4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! ages prec$+ ours1 s9ce ! revival ( le>n+1 be+ m occupi$ ab\t words ?an ?+s1 & admir+ c]ta9 objects t n[ seem trivial to ! g5]ality ( read]s1 h produc$ hi/orical compositions1 ! sep>ate nature ( :i* dem&s comb9ation1 no less ?an _! prolixity requires abridgm5t4 ,if ^! obs]vations are applicable to o!r bran*es ( hi/ory1 !y are especially s to ! hi/ory ( pa9t+4 ,its mat]ials are f\nd ready prep>$1 scatt]$ ?r\gh num]\s memoirs ( arti/s ( e s*ool :i*1 f "t to "t1 h be5 giv5 to ! public3 & additional articles are suppli$ by diction>ies ( art1 lett]s on pa9t+1 guides to sev]al cities1 catalogues ( v>i\s collections1 & by _m tracts relat+ to diff]5t arti/s1 :i* h be5 publi%$ 9 ,italy4 ,b ^! acc\nts1 indep5d5t ( want ( connexion1 are n useful to ! g5]ality ( read]s4 ,:o1 inde$1 c\ld =m a j idea ( pa9t+ 9 ,italy by p]us+ ! works ( c]ta9 hi/orians ( latt] ages1 & "s ev5 ( our own "t1 :i* ab\nd 9 invectives1 & 9 attempts to exalt fav\rite ma/]s above ! arti/s ( all o!r s*ools2 & :i* conf] eulogies indiscrim9ately ^u pr(essors ( fir/1 second1 or ?ird-rate m]it8#b ,h[ few are !re :o feel int]e/$ 9 kn[+ all t is said ( arti/s ) s mu* v]bosity by ,vas>i1 ,pascoli1 or ,bald9ucci2 _! l[ je/s1 _! am\rs1 _! private affairs1 & _! ecc5tricities8 ,:at d we le>n by be+ in=m$ ( ! jeal\sies ( ! ,flor5t9e arti/s1 ! qu>rels ( ! ,roman1 or ! boa/s ( ! ,bolognian s*ools8 ,:o c endure ! v]bal accuracy ) :i* _! wills & te/am5ts are record$1 ev5 to ! subscription ( ! not>y1 z if ! au?or _h be5 draw+ up a legal docum5t2 or ! descriptions ( _! /ature & physiognomy1 m m9ute ?an ! anci5ts af=d u ( ,alex&] or ,augu/us8#c ,n t ,i object to ! introduction ( su* p>ticul>s 9 ! lives ( ! great lum9>ies ( art3 9 a ,raffaello or a ,c>acci m9ute circum/ances d]ive int]e/ f ! subject2 b h[ intol]able d !y become 9 ! life ( an ord9>y individual1 :]e ! pr9cipal incid5ts are b little int]e/+8 ,suetonius has n writt5 ! lives ( 8 ,caes>s & 8 gramm>ians 9 ! same mann]3 ! =m] he has r5d]$ famili> to ! read]2 ! latt] are m]ely notic$ & pass$ ov]4 ,! ta/es ( individuals1 h[ev]1 are diff]5t1 & "s p delight 9 m9utiae1 z x reg>ds bo? ! pres5t & ! pa/2 & s9ce x may be ( utility to ^? :o may h]eaft] be incl9$ to give a v full & p]fect hi/ory ( e ?+ relat+ to ,italian pa9t+1 let u view ) indulg5ce ^? :o h employ$ !mselves 9 compil+ lives s copi\s1 & let ^? :o h "t to sp>e1 beguile x ) _! p]usal4 ,at ! same "t1 due reg>d %\ld be paid to t v respectable class ( read]s1 :o1 9 a hi/ory ( pa9t+1 w\ld r contemplate ! arti/ ?an ! man2 & :o are less solicit\s to become acqua9t$ ) ! "* ( a s+le pa9t]1 ^: solit>y & insulat$ hi/ory _c prove in/ructive1 ?an ) ! g5ius1 ! me?od1 ! inv5tion1 & ! /yle ( a great numb] ( arti/s1 ) _! *>act]i/ics1 _! m]its1 & _! rank1 ! result ( :i* is a hi/ory ( ! :ole art4 ,to ?is object !re is no "o :om ,i "k :o has hi!rto d$icat$ 8 p51 al?\gh x seems to be recomm5d$ no less by ! passion indulg$ by pr9ces = ! f9e arts1 ?an by ! g5]al diffusion ( a k ( !m among all ranks4 ,! habit ( travell+1 r5d]$ m famili> to private p]sons by ! example ( _m great sov]eigns1 ! traffic 9 pictures1 n[ become a bran* ( comm]ce important to ,italy1 & ! philosophic g5ius ( ?is age1 :i* %uns prolixity 9 e /udy1 & requires sy/ematic arrangem5t1 are additional inc5tives to ! task4 ,x is true t v pleas+ & in/ructive biographical sket*es ( ! mo/ celebrat$ pa9t]s h be5 publi%$ by ,m4 d',arg5ville1 9 ,france2 & v>i\s epitomes h s9ce appe>$1 9 :i* ! /yle ( pa9t+ alone is discuss$4#d ,b )\t tak+ into acc\nt ! corruptions ( ! names ( our c\ntrym5 9 :i* _! au?ors h indulg$1 or _! omission ( celebrat$ ,italians1 :ile !y record less em95t arti/s ( o!r c\ntries1 no "w ( ?is sort1 & /ill less any diction>y1 c af=d u a sy/ematic hi/ory ( pa9t+3 none ( ^! exhibit ^? pictures1 if we may be all[$ ! expression1 9 :i* we may1 at a glance1 trace ! progress & s]ies ( ev5ts2 none ( !m exhibit ! pr9cipal ma/]s ( ! art 9 a suffici5tly conspicu\s po9t ( view1 :ile inf]ior arti/s are r$uc$ to _! prop] size & /ation3 f> less c we discov] 9 !m ^? epo*s & revolutions ( ! art1 :i* ! judici\s read] mo/ anxi\sly desires to "k1 z ! s\rce f :i* he may trace ! causes t h contribut$ to its revival or its decl9e2 or f :i* he may be enabl$ to recollect ! s]ies1 & ! arrangem5t ( ! facts n>rat$4 ,! hi/ory ( pa9t+ has a /rong analogy to lit]>y1 to civil1 & to sacr$ hi/ory2 x too requires1 f "t to "t1 ! aid ( c]ta9 beacons1 "s p>ticul> di/9ction 9 reg>d to places1 times1 or ev5ts1 t may s]ve to divide x into epo*s1 & m>k its successive /ages4 ,deprive x ( ^!1 & x deg5]ates1 l o!r hi/ory1 into a *aos ( names m calculat$ to load ! memory ?an to in=m ! und]/&+4 ,to supply ?is hi!rto neglect$ bran* ( ,italian hi/ory1 to contribute to ! advancem5t ( ! art1 & to facilitate ! /udy ( ! diff]5t /yles 9 pa9t+1 7 ! ?ree objects ,i propos$ to myself :5 ,i began ! "w :i* ,i am n[ ab\t to lay be=e ! indulg5t read]4 ,my int5tion 0 to =m a comp5di\s hi/ory ( all our s*ools1 9 two volumes2 adopt+1 ) little v>iation1 ,pl9y's division ( ! c\ntry into ,upp] & ,l[] ,italy4 ,x 0 my design to compreh5d 9 ! fir/ volume ! s*ools ( ,l[] ,italy2 because 9 x ! reviv+ arts came e>li] to maturity2 & 9 ! second to include ! s*ools ( ,upp] ,italy1 :i* 7 m t>dy 9 atta9+ to celebrity4 ,! fir/ "p ( my "w appe>$ at ,flor5ce 9 #agib3 ! second ,i 0 oblig$ to def] to ano!r opportunity1 & ! succe$+ ye>s h s %ak5 my con/itution1 t ,i h sc>cely be5 able to br+ x to a conclusion1 ev5 ) ! assi/ance ( _m amanu5ses & correctors ( ! press4#e ,"o advantage1 h[ev]1 has be5 d]iv$ f ?is delay2 & t is1 a k ( ! op9ion ( ! public1 a tribunal f :i* no writ] c appeal2 & ,i h be5 ?us enabl$ to prep>e a new edition con=mable to its decision4#f ,i h und]/ood ?r\gh v>i\s *annels1 t an additional numb] ( names & ( notices 7 necess>y to af=d satisfaction to ! public2 & ?is ,i h accompli%$1 )\t ab&on+ my plan ( a comp5di\s hi/ory4 ,nor does ! ,flor5t9e edition on ?is acc\nt become useless3 x w ev5 be pref]r$ by _m to t publi%$ at ,bassano2 ! inhabitants1 = in/ance1 ( ,l[] ,italy w be pleas$ to possess a "w on _! mo/ illu/ri\s pa9t]s1 )\t conc]n+ !mselves ab\t acc\nts ( o!r places4 ,to a new "w1 !n1 s mu* m ext5sive ?an ! =m]1 ,i prefix a preface almo/ entirely new4 ,! plan is n :olly my own1 nor altoge!r t ( o!rs4 ,ri*>dson#g sugge/$ t "s hi/orian %\ld collect ! scatt]$ rem>ks on art1 especially on pa9t+1 & %\ld po9t out its progress & decl9e ?r\gh successive ages4 ,he has n ev5 omitt$ to give u a sket*1 :i* he br\ght d[n to ! "t ( ,giordano4 ,m5gs#h accompli%$ ! task m p]fectly 9 ! =m ( a lett]1 :]e he judici\sly di/+ui%$ all ! p]iods ( ! art1 & has ?us laid ! f\ndations ( a m enl>g$ hi/ory4 ,7 ,i to foll[ _! example1 ! *ief ma/]s ( e s*ool w\ld be consid]$ toge!r1 & we %\ld be "u ! necessity ( pass+ f "o c\ntry to ano!r1 accord+ z pa9t+ acquir$ a new lu/re f _! tal5ts1 or 0 debas$ by a wrong use ( ! great example ( ^? arti/s4 ,?is me?od might be easily pursu$1 if ! subject 7 to be treat$ 9 a g5]al po9t ( view1 su* z ,pl9y has consid]$ & transmitt$ x to po/]ity2 b x is n equally adapt$ to ! arrangem5t ( a hi/ory s fully p>ticul> z ,italy seems to require4 ,besides ! /yles introduc$ by ! mo/ celebrat$ pa9t]s1 su* inf9ite div]sities ( a mix$ "*1 (t5 unit$ ) orig9ality ( mann]1 h aris5 9 e s*ool1 t we _c easily r$uce !m to any p>ticul> /&>d3 & ! same arti/s at diff]5t p]iods1 & 9 diff]5t pictures1 h adopt$ /yles s v>i\s1 t at "o "t !y appe> imitators ( ,titian1 at ano!r ( ,raffaello1 or ( ,correggio4 ,we _c1 !re=e1 adopt ! me?od ( ! naturali/1 :o hav+ arrang$ ! vegetable k+dom1 = example1 9 classes m or less num]\s1 accord+ to ! sy/ems ( ,t\rne=t or ( ,l9naeus1 c easily r$uce a plant1 :]ev] x may happ5 to gr[1 to a p>ticul> class1 add+ a "n & description1 at once precise1 *>act]i/ic1 & p]man5t4 ,9 a complete hi/ory x is necess>y to di/+ui% ea* /yle f e o!r3 nor d ,i "k any m eligible me?od ( p]=m+ ?is task1 ?an by compos+ a sep>ate hi/ory ( ea* s*ool4 ,9 ?is ,i foll[ ,w9ckelmann1 ! be/ hi/orian ( anci5t art 9 design1 :o specifi$ z _m diff]5t s*ools z ! nations t produc$ !m4 ,a simil> plan seems to me to h be5 pursu$ by ,roll91 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,nations1 :o has ?us be5 enabl$ to record a prodigi\s mass ( names & ev5ts )9 ! compass ( a few volumes1 9 ! cle>e/ ord]4 ,! me?od ,i foll[ 9 treat+ ( ea* s*ool is analog\s to t prescrib$ to himself by ,sig4 ,antonio ,m>ia ,zanetti1#i 9 8 ,pittura ,v5eziana1 a "w ( its k9d highly in/ructive1 & well arrang$4 ,:at he has done1 9 speak+ ( 8 own1 ,i h attempt$ 9 ! o!r s*ools ( ,italy4 ,i accord+ly omit ! names ( liv+ pa9t]s1 & d n notice e picture ( deceas$ arti/s1 z x w\ld int]rupt ! connexion ( ! n>rative1 & w\ld r5d] ! "w too volum9\s1 b cont5t myself ) comm5d+ "s ( _! be/ productions4 ,i fir/ give a g5]al "* ( ea* s*ool2 ,i !n di/+ui% x into ?ree1 f\r1 or m epo*s1 accord+ z its /yle und]w5t *anges ) ! *ange ( ta/e1 9 ! same way t ! eras ( civil hi/ory are d$uc$ f revolutions 9 gov]nm5ts1 or o!r rem>kable ev5ts4 ,a few celebrat$ pa9t]s1 :o h sway$ ! public ta/e1 & giv5 a new tone to ! art1 are plac$ at ! head ( ea* epo*2 & _! /yle is p>ticul>ly describ$1 because ! g5]al & *>act]i/ic ta/e ( ! age has be5 =m$ ^u _! models4 ,_! imm$iate pupils1 & o!r disciples ( ! s*ool1 foll[ _! great ma/]s2 & )\t a repetition ( ! g5]al "*1 ref]5ce is made to :at ea* has borr[$1 alt]$1 or add$ to ! /yle ( ! f\nd] ( ! s*ool1 or at mo/ su* "* is cursorily notic$4 ,?is me?od1 ?\gh n susceptible ( a /rict *ronological ord]1 is1 on acc\nt ( ! connexion ( ideas1 mu* bett] adapt$ to a hi/ory ( art ?an an alphabetic arrangem5t1 :i* too frequ5tly int]rupts ! notices ( s*ools & eras2 or ?an ! me?od pursu$ 9 annals1 by :i* we are (t5 compell$ to make m5tion ( ! s*ol> be=e ! ma/]1 %\ld he survive ! =m]2 or t ( sep>ate lives1 :i* introduces mu* repetition1 by oblig+ ! writ] to be/[ praises on ! pupil = ! same /yle :i* he also comm5ds 9 ! ma/]1 & to notice 9 ea* individual t :i* 0 ! g5]al "* ( ! age 9 :i* he liv$4 ,= ! sake ( p]spicuity1 ,i h g5]ally sep>at$ f hi/orical pa9t]s arti/s 9 inf]ior bran*es1 su* z pa9t]s ( portraits1 ( l&scape1 ( animals1 ( fl[]s & ( fruit1 ( sea-pieces1 ( p]spectives1 ( drolls1 & all :o m]it a place 9 su* classes4 ,i h also tak5 notice ( "s arts :i* are analog\s to pa9t+1 & ?\gh !y diff] f x 9 ! mat]ials employ$1 or ! mann] ( us+ !m1 may /ill be includ$ 9 ! art2 = example1 engrav+ ( pr9ts1 inlaid & mosaic "w1 & embroid]+ tape/ry4 ,vas>i1 ,lomazzo1 & sev]al o!r writ]s on ! f9e arts1 h m5tion$ !m2 & ,i h foll[$ _! example2 cont5t+ myself ) notic+1 9 ea* ( ^? arts1 only :at has appe>$ mo/ wor?y ( be+ record$4 ,ea* might be ! subject ( a sep>ate "w2 & "s ( !m h long _h _! own peculi> hi/orians1 & 9 p>ticul> ! art ( engrav+4 ,by ?is me?od1 9 :i* ,i may boa/ su* great examples1 ,i am n )\t hopes ( af=d+ satisfaction to my read]s4 ,i am1 h[ev]1 m appreh5sive 9 reg>d to my selection ( arti/s2 ! numb] ( :om1 :atsoev] me?od is adopt$1 may to "s appe> by f> too limit$1 & to o!rs too greatly ext5d$4 ,b criticism w n s readily apply to ! names ( ! mo/ illu/ri\s arti/s1 :om ,i h includ$1 nor to ^? ( v inf]ior "*1 :om ,i tru/ ,i h omitt$2 except a few t h "s claim to be m5tion$1 f _! connexion ) celebrat$ ma/]s4#aj ,! accusation !n ( hav+ notic$ "s1 & omitt$ o!rs1 w apply to me only on acc\nt ( arti/s ( a middle class1 t c be nei!r well reckon$ among ! s5ate1 ! eque/rian ord]1 nor vulg> h]d ( pa9t]s2 !y con/itute ! class ( m$iocrity4 ,! adju/m5t ( limits is a frequ5t cause ( legal cont5tion2 & ! subject ( art n[ "u discussion1 may be consid]$ l a dispute conc]n+ b\nd>ies4 ,x may (t5 admit ( d\bt :e!r a p>ticul> arti/ approa*es m ne>ly to ! class ( m]it or ( insignificance2 :i* is1 9 o!r words1 :e!r he %\ld or %\ld n obta9 a place 9 a hi/ory ( ! art4 ,"u su* unc]ta9ty1 :i* ,i h sev]al times enc\nt]$1 ,i h m usually incl9$ to ! side ( l5ity ?an ( sev]ity2 especially :5 ! arti/ has be5 notic$ ) a degree ( comm5dation by =m] au?ors4 ,we ought to b[ to public op9ion1 :i* r>ely blames u = notic+ m$iocrity1 b frequ5tly = pass+ x ov] 9 sil5ce4 ,books on pa9t+ ab\nd ) compla9ts aga9/ ,orl&i & ,gu>i5ti1 = _! omissions ( c]ta9 arti/s4 ,/ill m frequ5tly are au?ors c5sur$1 :5 ! ,guide to a city po9ts out "s alt>-piece by a native arti/1 :o is n nam$ 9 our ,diction>ies ( ,pa9t+4 ,! describ]s ( collections repeat simil> compla9ts 9 reg>d to e pa9t+ be>+ ! signature ( an arti/ ^: "n appe>s 9 no "w ( art4 ,collectors ( pr9ts d ! same :5 !y discov] ! "n ( "s design]1 ( :om hi/ory is sil5t1 affix$ to an engrav+4 ,?us1 7 we to consult ! op9ion ( ! public1 ! majority w\ld be incl9$ to recomm5d copi\sness1 r ?an to express satisfaction at a m discrim9at+ selection ( names4 ,almo/ all arti/s & amateurs belong+ to e city1 w\ld be desir\s t ,i %\ld commemorate z _m ( _! second rate pa9t]s z possible2 & our selection1 !re=e1 9 ?is respect1 ne>ly resembles ! ex]cise ( ju/ice1 :i* is g5]ally applaud$ z long z x visits only ! dwell+s ( o!rs1 b is cri$ d[n by ea* individual :5 x knocks at 8 own door4 ,?us a writ] :o is b\nd to obs]ve imp>tiality t[>ds e city1 c sc>cely %ew great sev]ity to arti/s ( m$iocrity 9 any4 ,?is too is n )\t reason2 = to pass m$iocrity 9 sil5ce may be ! /udy ( a good orator1 b n ! (fice ( a good hi/orian4 ,cic]o himself1 9 8 treatise ,de cl>is ,oratoribus1 has giv5 a place to less eloqu5t orators1 & x may be obs]v$ t1 aft] ?is example1 ! lit]>y hi/ory ( e p does n m]ely include its mo/ classic writ]s1 & ^? :o approa*$ ne>e/ to !m2 b x adds %ort & concise acc\nts ( au?ors less celebrat$2 & 9 ! ,iliad1 :i* is a hi/ory ( ! h]oic age1 !re are a few em95t lead]s1 _m valiant soldi]s1 & a prodigi\s cr[d ( o!rs1 :om ! poet has transi5tly notic$4 ,9 our case1 x is /ill m incumb5t on ! hi/orian to give m$iocrity a place along ) ! em95t & mo/ excell5t4 ,_m books describe t class 9 t]ms s vague1 & sometimes s discordant1 t to =m a prop] e/imate ( _! claims1 we mu/ introduce !m among sup]ior arti/s1 z a sort ( p]=m]s 9 ?ird-rate p>ts4 ,su*1 h[ev]1 ,i am n solicit\s to exhibit v m9utely1 m especially :5 treat+ ( pa9t]s 9 fresco1 & g5]ally ( o!r arti/s1 ^: works are n[ unkn[n 9 collections1 or add m to ! bulk ?an ! ornam5t ( a gall]y4 ,?us also 9 po9t ( numb]1 my "w has ma9ta9$ ! "* ( a comp5dium3 b if any ( my read]s1 adopt+ ! rigid maxim ( ,bellori1 t1 9 ! f9e arts1 z 9 poetry1 m$iocrity is n to be tol]at$1#aa %\ld disda9 ! middle class ( arti/s1 he mu/ look = ! heads ( s*ools1 & = ! mo/ em95t pa9t]s3 to ^! he may d$icate 8 att5tion1 & turn 8 reg>d f ! o!rs l "o1 ,cui altra cura /r+a e morda ,*e quella di colui *e gli e davante4#ab ,hav+ describ$ my plan1 let u next consid] ! ?ree objects orig9ally propos$1 ( :i* ! fir/ 0 to pres5t ,italy ) a hi/ory t may prove important to h] fame4 ,?is delightful c\ntry is already indebt$ to ,tirabos*i = a hi/ory ( h] lit]ature1 b %e is /ill 9 want ( a hi/ory ( h] arts4 ,! hi/ory ( pa9t+1 an art 9 :i* %e is confess$ly )\t a rival1 ,i propose to supply1 or at lea/ to facilitate ! attempt4 ,9 "s dep>tm5ts ( lit]ature1 & ( ! f9e arts1 we are equall$1 or ev5 surpass$ by =eign]s2 & 9 o!rs ! palm is yet d\btful3 b 9 pa9t+1 univ]sal cons5t n[ yields ! triumph to ,italian g5ius1 & =eign]s are ! m e/eem$ 9 proportion to _! approa* t[>ds u4 ,x is "t !n1 = ! hon\r ( ,italy1 to collect 9 "o po9t ( view1 ^? obs]vations on h] pa9t+1 scatt]$ ?r\gh upw>ds ( a hundr$ volumes1 & to embody !m 9 :at ,horace t]ms s]ies et junctura2 )\t :i* ! "w _c be pron\nc$ a hi/ory4 ,i w n conceal1 t ! au?or ( ! ,hi/ory ( ,italian ,lit]ature above m5tion$1 frequ5tly animat$ me to ?is und]tak+1 z a sequel to 8 own "w4 ,he also wi%$ me to subjo9 o!r anecdotes to ^? already publi%$1 & to sub/itute m au!ntic docum5ts = ! inaccuracies ab\nd+ 9 our ,diction>ies ( pa9t+4 ,i h att5d$ to bo? ^! objects4 ,! read] w "h f9d v>i\s s*ools nev] hi!rto illu/rat$1 & an entire s*ool1 t ( ,f]r>a1 n[ fir/ describ$ f ! manuscripts ( ,b>uffaldi & ( ,crespi2 & 9 o!r s*ools he w (t5 obs]ve names ( fre% arti/s1 :i* ,i h ei!r collect$ f anci5t ,,mss4#ac & ! correspond5ce ( my le>n$ fri5ds1 or deciph]$ on old pa9t+s4 ,al?\gh su* pictures are conf9$ to cab9ets1 x _c prove useless to ext5d a m intimate acqua9tance ) _! au?ors4 ,! read] w also meet ) _m new obs]vations on ! orig9 ( pa9t+1 & on its diffusion 9 ,italy1 =m]ly a fruitful subject ( debate & cont5tion2 & likewise "h & !re ) "s orig9al reflections on ! ma/]s1 to :om v>i\s disciples may be trac$2 a bran* ( hi/ory1 ! mo/ unc]ta9 ( any4 ,old writ]s ( respectability (t5 m5tion ,raffaello1 ,correggio1 or "s o!r celebrat$ arti/1 z ! ma/] ( a pa9t]1 )\t any bett] f\ndation ?an a simil>ity ( /yle2 j z ! cr$ul\s hea!ns imag9$ "o h]o to be ! son ( ,h]cules1 because he 0 /rong2 ano!r ( ,m]cury1 because he 0 +5i\s2 a ?ird ( ,neptune1 because he _h p]=m$ sev]al long voyages4 ,errors l ^! are easily correct$ :5 !y are accompani$ by "s inadv]t5cy 9 ! writ]2 z = in/ance1 :]e he has n be5 aw>e t ! age ( ! disciple does n correspond ) t ( 8 suppos$ ma/]4 ,occasionally1 h[ev]1 _! detection is att5d$ ) m difficulty2 & 9 p>ticul> :5 ! arti/1 ^: reputation is :olly f\nd$ ^u t ( 8 ma/]1 repres5t$ himself 9 =eign p>ts1 z ! disciple ( m5 ( celebrity1 :om he sc>cely knew by sight4 ,( ?is we h an example 9 ,ago/9o ,tassi1 & m rec5tly 9 c]ta9 soidisant disciples ( ,m5gs2 to :om x sc>cely appe>s t he ev] s mu* z said1 ,g5tlem51 h[ d y d8 ,f9ally1 ! read] w f9d "s less obvi\s notices relat+ to ! "n1 ! c\ntry1 & ! age ( diff]5t arti/s4 ,! defici5cy ( our ,diction>ies 9 int]e/+ names1 toge!r ) _! inaccuracy1 are common subjects ( compla9t4 ,i c excuse ! compil]s ( ^! works2 ,i "k h[ easily we may be misl$ 9 reg>d to names :i* h be5 (t5 ga!r$ f vulg> report1 or ev5 f au?ors :o diff] 9 po9t ( or?ography1 "s giv+ opposite read+s ( ! same "n4 ,b x is q necess>y t su* mi/akes %\ld once = all be cle>$ up4 ,! index ( ?is "w w =m a new ,diction>y ( ,pa9t]s1 c]ta9ly m copi\s1 & p]haps m accurate ?an usual1 al?\gh x might be /ill fur!r improv$1 especially by consult+ ar*ives & manuscripts4#ad ,! second object :i* ,i _h 9 view 0 to advance ! int]e/s ( ! art z mu* z lay 9 my p[]4 ,x 0 ( old obs]v$ t examples h a m p[]ful influ5ce on ! arts ?an any precepts c possess2 & ?is is p>ticul>ly true 9 respect to pa9t+4 ,:oev] writes hi/ory ^u ! model ( ! le>n$ anci5ts1 ought n only to n>rate ev5ts1 b to inve/igate _! secret s\rces & _! causes4 ,n[ ^! w be "h develop$1 trac+ ! progress ( pa9t+ z x advanc$ or decl9$ 9 ea* s*ool2 & ^! causes be+ inv>iable1 po9t out ! means ( its improvem5t1 by %ew+ :at ought to be pursu$ & :at avoid$4 ,su* obs]vations are n ( importance to ! arti/ alone1 b h a ref]5ce also to o!r individuals4 ,9 ! ,roman s*ool1 dur+ its second epo*1 ,i p]ceive t ! progress ( ! arts inv>iably dep5ds on c]ta9 pr9ciples univ]sally adopt$ 9 t age1 accord+ to :i* arti/s work$1 & ! public decid$4 ,a g5]al hi/ory1 by po9t+ out ! be/ maxims ( art1 may contribute consid]ably to make !m kn[n & reg>d$2 & h5ce arti/s c execute1 & o!rs approve or direct1 on pr9ciples no long] unc]ta9 & que/ionable1 nor d$uc$ f ! mann] ( a p>ticul> s*ool1 b f\nd$ on maxims un]r+ & e/abli%$1 & /r5g!n$ by ! uni=m practice ( all s*ools & all ages4 ,we may add1 t 9 a hi/ory s div]sifi$1 num]\s examples occur suit$ to ! g5ius ( diff]5t /ud5ts1 :o h (t5 to lam5t _! want ( success f ?is circum/ance alone1 t !y _h neglect$ to foll[ ! pa? 9 :i* nature _h de/9$ !m to tread4 ,on ! influ5ce ( examples ,i %all add no m3 %\ld any "o be desir\s also ( precepts "u e s*ool1 he w f9d !m giv51 n inde$ by me1 b by ^? :o h writt5 m ably on ! art1 & :om ,i h dilig5tly consult$ ) reg>d to diff]5t ma/]s1 z ,i %all h]eaft] m5tion4 ,my ?ird object 0 to facilitate an acqua9tance ) ! v>i\s /yles ( pa9t+4 ,! arti/ or amateur inde$1 :o has /udi$ ! mann] ( all ages & ( e s*ool1 on meet+ ) a picture c v readily assign x1 if n to a p>ticul> ma/]1 at lea/ to a c]ta9 /yle1 mu* z antiqu>ians1 f a consid]ation ( ! pap] & ! *>act]s1 are enabl$ to assign a manuscript to a p>ticul> era2 or z critics conjecture ! age & place 9 :i* an anonym\s au?or fl\ri%$1 f 8 phraseology4 ,) simil> lights we proce$ to inve/igate ! s*ool & era ( arti/s2 & by a dilig5t exam9ation ( pr9ts1 draw+s1 & o!r relics belong+ to ! p]iod1 we at l5g? det]m9e ! real au?or4 ,mu* ( ! unc]ta9ty1 ) reg>d to pictures1 arises f a similitude betwe5 ! /yle ( diff]5t ma/]s3 ^! ,i collect toge!r "u "o head1 & rem>k 9 :at "o diff]s f ! o!r4 ,ambiguity (t5 arises f comp>+ diff]5t works ( ! same pa9t]1 :5 ! /yle ( "s ( !m does n seem to accord ) 8 g5]al mann]1 nor ) ! great reputation he may h acquir$4 ,on acc\nt ( su* unc]ta9ty1 ,i usually po9t out ! ma/] ( ea* arti/1 because all at ! outset imitate ! example (f]$ by _! tea*]s2 & ,i1 moreov]1 note ! /yle =m$1 & adh]$ to by ea*1 or ab&on$ = ano!r mann]2 ,i sometimes m>k ! age 9 :i* he liv$1 & 8 great] or less assiduity 9 8 pr(ession4 ,by an att5tive consid]ation ( su* circum/ances1 we may avoid pron\nc+ a picture spuri\s1 :i* may h be5 pa9t$ 9 old age1 or neglig5tly execut$4 ,:o1 = in/ance1 w\ld receive z g5u9e all ! pictures ( ,guido1 7 x n kn[n t he sometimes affect$ ! /yle ( ,c>acci1 ( ,calv>t1 or ( ,c>avaggio2 & at o!r times pursu$ a mann] ( 8 own1 9 :i*1 h[ev]1 he 0 (t5 v unequal1 z he is kn[n to h pa9t$ ?ree or f\r diff]5t pieces 9 a s+le day8 ,:o w\ld suppose t ! works ( ,giordano 7 ! production ( ! same arti/1 if x 7 n kn[n t he aspir$ to div]sify 8 /yle1 by adopt+ ! mann] ( v>i\s anci5t arti/s8 ,^! are inde$ well kn[n facts1 b h[ _m are !re yet unnot$ t are n unwor?y ( be+ relat$1 if we wi% to avoid fall+ into error8 ,su* w be f\nd notic$ 9 my "w1 among o!r anecdotes ( ! v>i\s ma/]s1 & ! diff]5t /yles4 ,i am aw>e t to become critically acqua9t$ ) ! div]sity ( /yles is n ! ultimate object to :i* ! travels & ! eag] solicitude ( ! connoisseur aspire4 ,8 object is to make himself famili> ) ! h&l+ ( ! mo/ celebrat$ ma/]s1 & to di/+ui% copies f orig9als4 ,happy %\ld ,i be1 c\ld ,i promise to accompli% s mu*6 ,ev5 !y might consid] !mselves =tunate1 :o d$icate _! lives to su* pursuits1 7 !y enabl$ to discov] any %ort1 g5]al1 & c]ta9 rules = infallibly det]m9+ ?is delicate po9t6 ,_m rely mu* ^u hi/ory = ! tru?4 ,b h[ frequ5tly does x happ5 t ! au?ority ( an hi/orian is cit$ 9 fav\r ( a family picture1 or an alt>-piece1 ! orig9al ( :i* hav+ be5 dispos$ ( by "s ( ! pr$ecessors1 & a copy sub/itut$ 9 its place1 ! latt] is suppos$ to be a g5u9e pa9t+6 ,o!rs seem to lay great /ress on ! importance ( places1 & hesitate to raise d\bts respect+ any specim5 !y f9d conta9$ 9 royal & select gall]ies1 assum+ t !y really belong to ! arti/s ref]r$ to 9 ! gall]y descriptions & catalogues4 ,b "h too !y are liable to mi/ake2 inasmu* z _m private individuals1 z well z pr9ces1 unable to pur*ase anci5t pictures at any price1 cont5t$ !mselves ) su* copies ( _! imitators z approa*$ ne>e/ to ! old ma/]s4 ,"s inde$ 7 made by pr(essors purposely despat*$ by pr9ces 9 se>* ( !m2 z 9 ! in/ance ( ,rodolph ,i41 :o employ$ ,giuseppe ,enzo1 a celebrat$ copyi/4 7,see ,bos*9i1 p4 #fb1 & ,orl&i1 on ,gioseffo ,a9s di ,b]na47 ,ext]nal pro(s1 !re=e1 are insuffici5t1 )\t add+ a k ( diff]5t mann]s4 ,! acquisition ( su* discrim9ation is ! fruit only ( long exp]i5ce1 & deep reflection on ! /yle ( ea* ma/]3 & ,i %all endeav\r to po9t out ! mann] 9 :i* x may be obta9$4#ae ,to judge ( a ma/] we mu/ att5d to 8 design1 & ?is is to be acquir$ f 8 draw+s1 f 8 pictures1 or1 at lea/1 f accurate engrav+s aft] !m4 ,a good connoisseur 9 pr9ts is m ?an half way advanc$ 9 ! art ( judg+ pictures2 & he :o aims at ?is mu/ /udy engrav+s ) unremitt+ assiduity4 ,x is ?us 8 eye becomes famili>iz$ to ! arti/'s me?od ( del9eat+ & =e%ort5+ ! figure1 to ! air ( 8 heads & ! ca/+ ( 8 drap]ies2 to t action1 t peculi>ity ( conception1 ( dispos+1 & ( contra/+1 :i* are habitual to 8 "*4 ,?us is he1 z x 71 introduc$ to ! diff]5t families ( y\?s1 ( *ildr51 ( wom51 ( old m51 & ( individuals 9 ! vig\r ( life1 :i* ea* arti/ has adopt$ z 8 own1 & has usually exhibit$ 9 8 pictures4 ,we _c be too well v]s$ 9 su* matt]s1 s m9ute or almo/ ins5sible are ! di/9ctions betwe5 ! imitators ( "o ma/]1 7su* z ,mi*elangiolo1 = example17 :o h p]haps /udi$ ! same c>toon1 or ! same /atues1 &1 z x 71 le>n$ to write aft] ! same model4 ,m orig9ality is g5]ally to be discov]$ 9 col\r+1 a bran* ( ! art =m$ by a pa9t] r on 8 own judgm5t1 ?an by in/ruction4 ,! amateur c nev] atta9 exp]i5ce 9 ?is bran* :o has n /udi$ _m pictures by ! same ma/]2 :o has n obs]v$ 8 selection ( col\rs1 8 me?od ( sep>at+1 ( unit+1 & ( subdu+ !m2 :at are 8 local t9ts1 & :at ! g5]al tone t h>monizes ! col\rs he employs4 ,?is t9t1 h[ev] cle> & silv]y 9 ,guido & 8 foll[]s1 bright & gold5 9 ,titiano & 8 s*ool1 & ?us ( ! re/1 has /ill z _m modifications z !re are ma/]s 9 ! art4 ,! same rem>k ext5ds to middle t9ts & to *i>oscuro1 9 :i* ea* arti/ employs a peculi> me?od4 ,^! are qualities :i* cat* ! eye at a di/ance1 yet !y w n always enable ! critic to decide ) c]ta9ty2 :e!r1 = in/ance1 a c]ta9 picture is ! production ( ,v9ci1 or ,lu9i1 :o imitat$ him closely2 :e!r ano!r be an orig9al picture by ,b>occi1 or an exact copy f ! h& ( ,vanni4 ,9 su* cases judges ( art approa* clos] to ! picture ) a det]m9ation to exam9e x ) ! same c>e & accuracy z are employ$ 9 a judicial "q1 ^u ! recognition ( h&-writ+4 ,=tunately = society1 nature has grant$ to e individual a peculi> "* 9 ?is respect1 :i* x is n easy to c\nt]feit1 nor to mi/ake = any o!r p]son's writ+4 ,! h&1 habituat$ to move 9 a peculi> mann]1 always reta9s x3 9 old age ! *>act]s may be m sl[ly trac$1 may become m neglig5t or m heavy2 b ! =m ( ! lett]s rema9s ! same4 ,s x is 9 pa9t+4 ,e arti/ n only reta9s ?is peculi>ity1 b "o is di/+ui%$ by a full *>g$ p5cil2 ano!r by a dry b neat f9i%2 ! "w ( "o exhibits bl5d$ t9ts1 t ( ano!r di/9ct t\*es2 & ea* has 8 own mann] ( lay+ on ! col\rs3#af b ev5 9 reg>d to :at is common to s _m1 ea* has a peculi> h&l+ & direction ( ! p5cil1 a m>k+ ( 8 l9es m or less wav$1 m or less free1 & m or less /udi$1 by :i* ^? truly skill$ f long exp]i5ce are enabl$1 aft] a due consid]ation ( all circum/ances1 to decide :o 0 ! real au?or4 ,su* judges d n fe> a copyi/1 h[ev] excell5t4 ,he w1 p]haps1 keep pace ) 8 model = a c]ta9 "t1 b n always2 he may sometimes %ew a free1 b commonly a timid1 s]vile1 & meagre p5cil2 he w n be long able1 ) a free h&1 to keep 8 own /yle conceal$ "u ! mann] ( ano!r1 m especially 9 reg>d to less important po9ts1 su* z ! p5cil+ ( ! hair1 & 9 ! =e- & back-gr\nds ( ! picture4#ag ,c]ta9 obs]vations on ! canvas & ! prim+ gr\nd may sometimes assi/ inquiry2 & h5ce "s h endeav\r$ to atta9 great] c]ta9ty by a *emical analysis ( ! col\rs4 ,dilig5ce is ev] laudable :5 ex]t$ on a po9t s nice z asc]ta9+ ! h&-"w ( a celebrat$ ma/]4 ,x may prev5t our pay+ t5 gu9eas = :at may n be wor? two2 or plac+ 9 a *oice collection pictures t w n d x cr$it2 :ile to ! curi\s x af=ds sci5tific views1 in/ead ( creat+ prejudices t (t5 eng5d] errors4 ,t mi/akes %\ld happ5 is n surpris+4 ,a true connoisseur is /ill m r>e ?an a good arti/4 ,8 skill is ! result ( only indirect application2 x is acquir$ amid/ o!r pursuits1 & divides ! att5tion ) o!r objects2 ! means ( atta9+ x fall to ! lot ( few2 & /ill few] practise x successfully4 ,among ! numb] ( ! la/ ,i d n reckon myself4 ,by ?is "w ,i pret5d n1 ,i repeat x1 to =m an accompli%$ connoisseur 9 pa9t+3 my object is to facilitate & exp$ite ! acquisition ( su* k4 ,! hi/ory ( pa9t+ is ! basis ( connoisseur%ip2 by comb9+ x1 ,i sup]s$e ! necessity ( ref]r+ to _m books2 by abbreviat+ x ,i save ! "t & lab\r ( ! /ud5t2 & by arrang+ x 9 a prop] mann] on e occasion1 ,i pres5t him ) ! subject ready prep>$ & develop$ be=e him4 ,x rema9s1 9 ! la/ place1 t ,i %\ld give "s acc\nt ( myself2 ( ! criticisms t ,i1 :o am n an arti/1 h v5tur$ to pass ^u ea* pa9t]3 &1 inde$1 if ! pr(essors ( ! art _h z mu* leisure & exp]i5ce 9 writ+ z !y h ability1 e au?or might resign to !m ! field4 ,! propriety ( te*nical t]ms1 ! abilities ( arti/s1 & ! selection ( specim5s ( art1 are usually bett] und]/ood1 ev5 by an indiff]5t arti/1 ?an by ! le>n$ connoisseur3 b s9ce ^? occupi$ 9 pa9t+ h n suffici5t leisure to write1 o!rs1 assi/$ by !m1 may be p]mitt$ to und]take ! (fice4#ah ,by ! mutual assi/ance :i* ! pa9t] has af=d$ to ! man ( lett]s1 & ! man ( lett]s to ! arti/1 ! hi/ory ( pa9t+ has be5 greatly advanc$4 ,! m]its ( ! be/ pa9t]s are already s ably discuss$ t a mod]n hi/orian c treat ! subject advantage\sly4 ,! criticisms ,i mo/ reg>d are ^? t come directly f pr(essors ( ! art4 ,we meet ) few f ! p5 ( ,raphael1 ( ,titian1 ( ,p\ss91 & ( o!r great ma/]s2 su* z exi/1 h[ev]1 ,i reg>d z mo/ preci\s1 & des]v+ ! mo/ c>eful pres]vation2 =1 9 g5]al1 ^? :o c be/ p]=m c likewise judge ! be/4 ,vas>i1 ,lomazzo1 ,pass]i1 ,ridolfi1 ,bos*9i1 ,zanotti1 & ,crespi1 require1 p]haps1 to be n>r[ly wat*$ 9 "s passages :]e !y all[$ !mselves to be surpris$ by a _s ( p>ty3 b1 on ! :ole1 !y h an und\bt$ "r to dictate to u1 because !y 7 !mselves pa9t]s4 ,bellori1 ,bald9ucci1 ,c\nt ,malvasia1 ,c\nt ,tassi1 & simil> writ]s1 hold an inf]ior rank2 b are n :olly de/itute ( au?ority3 = ?\gh m]e dilettanti1 !y h collect$ bo? ! op9ions ( pr(essors & ( ! public4 ,?is w at pres5t suffice1 ) reg>d to ! hi/orians ( ! art3 we %all notice ea* ( !m p>ticul>ly "u ! s*ool :i* he has describ$4 ,9 pron\nc+ a criticism ^u ea* arti/ ,i h adopt$ ! plan ( ,baillet1 ! au?or ( a volum9\s hi/ory ( works on ta/e1 :]e he does n s frequ5tly give 8 own op9ion z t ( o!rs4 ,accord+ly1 ,i h collect$ ! v>i\s rem>ks ( connoisseurs1 :i* 7 scatt]$ ?r\gh ! pages ( hi/ory2 b ,i h n always cit$ my au?orities1 le/ ,i %\ld add too mu* to ! dim5sions ( my book2#ai nor h ,i reg>d$ _! op9ion :5 !y seem$ to me to h be5 influ5c$ by prejudice4 ,i h avail$ myself ( ! obs]vations ( "s approv$ critics1 l ,borgh9i1 ,fresnoy1 ,ri*>dson1 ,bott>i1 ,alg>otti1 ,lazz>9i1 & ,m5gs2 ) o!rs :o h r criticis$ our pa9t]s ?an writt5 _! lives4 ,i h also respect$ ! op9ions ( liv+ critics1 by consult+ diff]5t pr(essors 9 ,italy3 to !m ,i h submitt$ my manuscript2 ,i h foll[$ _! advice1 especially :5 x relat$ to design1 or any o!r dep>tm5t ( pa9t+1 9 :i* arti/s are almo/ ! only adequate judges4 ,i h conv]s$ ) _m connoisseurs1 :o1 9 "s po9ts1 are n less skilful ?an ! pr(essors ( ! art1 & are ev5 consult$ by arti/s ) advantage2 z1 = in/ance1 on ! suitabl5ess ( ! subject1 on ! propriety ( ! inv5tion & ! expression1 on ! imitation ( ! antique1 on ! tru? ( ! col\r+4 ,nor h ,i fail$ to /udy ! greate/ "p ( ! be/ productions ( ! s*ools ( ,italy2 & to in=m myself 9 ! diff]5t cities :at rank _! lea/ kn[n pa9t]s hold among _! connoisseurs2 p]suad$1 z ,i am1 t ! mo/ accurate op9ion ( any arti/ is =m$ :]e ! greate/ numb] ( 8 works are to be se51 & :]e he is mo/ frequ5tly spok5 ( by 8 fell[ citiz5s & by /rang]s4 ,9 ?is way1 also1 ,i h be5 enabl$ to d ju/ice to ! m]its ( sev]al arti/s :o _h be5 pass$ ov]1 ei!r because ! hi/orian ( _! s*ool _h nev] beheld _! productions1 or _h m]ely met ) "s e>ly & trivial specim5s 9 "o city1 be+ unacqua9t$ ) ! m p]fect & mature specim5s !y _h produc$ else:]e4 ,not)/&+ my dilig5ce ,i d n presume to (f] ?is z a "w to :i* mu* might n be add$4 ,x has nev] happ5$ t a hi/ory1 embrac+ s _m objects1 is at once produc$ p]fect2 ?\gh x may gradually be r5d]$ s4 ,! hi/ory e>lie/ 9 po9t ( "t1 becomes1 9 ! end1 ! lea/ 9 au?ority2 & its greate/ m]it is 9 hav+ pav$ ! way to m f9i%$ p]=mances4 ,p]fection is /ill less to be expect$ 9 a comp5dium4 ,! read] is "h pres5t$ ) ! names ( _m arti/s & au?ors2 b _m o!rs might h be5 admitt$1 :om want ( leisure or opportunity1 b n ( respect1 has oblig$ u to omit4 ,"h he w f9d a v>iety ( op9ions2 b to ^! _m o!rs might h be5 add$4 ,!re is no man1 ( :om all ?9k alike4 ,baillet1 j be=e m5tion$1 is a pro( ( ?is1 ) reg>d to writ]s on lit]>y subjects2 & he :o ?9ks ! task wor?y ( 8 pa9s might demon/rate x mu* m fully ) respect to diff]5t pa9t]s4 ,ea* judges by pr9ciples peculi> to himself3 ,bon>ruoti /igmatiz$ z drivell+1 ,pietro ,p]ug9o & ,francia1 bo? lum9>ies ( ! art2 ,guido1 if we may cr$it hi/ory1 0 disapprov$ ( by ,cortona2 ,c>avaggio by ,zuc*]o2 ,gu]c9o by ,guido2 &1 :at seems m extraord9>y1 ,dom5i*9o by mo/ ( ! arti/s :o fl\ri%$ at ,rome1 :5 he pa9t$ 8 f9e/ pictures4#bj ,_h ^! arti/s writt5 ( _! rivals !y ei!r w\ld h condemn$ !m1 or spok5 less fav\rably ( !m ?an unprejudic$ individuals4 ,h5ce x is t connoisseurs w frequ5tly be f\nd to approa* ne>] ! tru?1 9 =m+ _! e/imate1 ?an arti/s2 ! =m] adopt ! imp>tial feel+s ( ! public1 :ile ! latt] all[ !mselves to be influ5c$ by motives ( envy or ( prejudice4 ,innum]able simil> disputes are /ill ma9ta9$ conc]n+ sev]al arti/s1 :o1 l diff]5t k9ds ( alim5t1 are f\nd to be disagreeable or grateful to diff]5t palates4 ,to hold ! happy mean1 exempt$ f all p>ty _s1 is z impossible z to reconcile ! op9ions ( mank9d1 :i* are z multif>i\s z are ! individuals ( ! species4 ,amid su* discrepancy ( op9ion ,i h judg$ x exp$i5t to avoid ! mo/ controv]t$ po9ts2 9 o!rs1 to subscribe to ! decision ( ! majority2 to all[ to ea* 8 p>ticul> op9ion2#ba b n1 if possible1 to disappo9t ! read]1 desir\s ( le>n+ :at is mo/ au!ntic & g5]ally receiv$4 ,anci5t writ]s appe> to h pursu$ ?is plan :5 treat+ ( ! pr(essors ( any art1 9 :i* !y !mselves 7 m]e amateurs2 nor c\ld x arise f any o!r circum/ance t ,cic]o1 ,pl9y1 & ,qu9tilian1 express !mselves ^u ! ,greek arti/s 9 ! same mann]4 ,_! op9ions co9cide1 because t ( ! public 0 unanim\s4 ,i am aw>e t x is difficult to obta9 ! op9ion ( ! public conc]n+ ! m mod]n arti/s1 b x is n difficult ) reg>d to ^? on :om mu* has be5 already writt54 ,i am also aw>e t public op9ion accords n at all times ) tru?1 because x (t5 happ5s to incl9e to ! wrong side ( ! "q4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is a r>e occurr5ce 9 ! f9e arts1#bb nor does x militate aga9/ an hi/orian :o aims m at fidelity ( n>rative1 & imp>tiality ( public op9ion1 ?an ! discussion ( ! relative m]it or correctness ( ta/es4 ,my "w is divid$ into six volumes2 & ,i comm5ce by treat+ 9 ! two fir/ volumes ( t "p ( ,italy1 :i*1 ?r\gh ! g5ius ( ,da ,v9ci1 ,mi*elangiolo1 & ,raffaello1 became fir/ conspicu\s1 & fir/ exhibit$ a decid$ "* 9 pa9t+4 ,^? arti/s 7 ! ornam5ts ( ! ,flor5t9e & ,roman s*ools1 f :i* ,i proce$ to two o!rs1 ! ,si5ese & ,neapolitan4 ,ab\t ! same "t ,giorgione1 ,tiziano1 & ,coreggio1 began to fl\ri% 9 ,italy2 ?ree arti/s1 :o z mu* advanc$ ! art ( col\r+1 z ! =m] improv$ design2 & ( ^! lum9>ies ( ,upp] ,italy ,i treat 9 ! ?ird & f\r? volumes2 s9ce ! numb] ( ! names ( arti/s1 & ! _m additions to ?is new impression1 h induc$ me to devote two volumes to _! m]its4 ,!n foll[s ! s*ool ( ,bologna1 9 :i* ! attempt 0 made to unite ! excell5ces ( all ! o!r s*ools3 ?is comm5ces ! fif? volume2 & on acc\nt ( proximity x is succe$$ by t ( ,f]r>a1 & ,upp] & ,l[] ,romagna4 ,! s*ool ( ,g5oa1 :i* 0 late 9 acquir+ celebrity1 succe$s1 & we conclude ) t ( ,pi$mont1 :i*1 ?\gh x _c boa/ s long a succession ( arti/s z ^? ( ! o!r /ates1 has m]its suffici5t to entitle x to a place 9 a hi/ory ( pa9t+4 ,?us ! five mo/ celebrat$ s*ools w be treat$ ( 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y arose2 9 l mann] z ! anci5t writ]s on pa9t+ began ) ! ,asiatic s*ool1 :i* 0 foll[$ by ! ,grecian1 & ?is la/ 0 subdivid$ into ! ,attic & ,sicyonian2 to :i* 9 process ( "t succe$$ ! ,roman s*ool4#bc ,! six? & la/ volume conta9s an ample index to ! :ole1 q indisp5sable to r5d] ! "w m ext5sively useful1 & to give x its full advantage4 ,9 assign+ arti/s to any s*ool ,i h paid m reg>d to o!r circum/ances ?an ! place ( _! nativity2 to _! education1 _! /yle1 _! place ( resid5ce 9 p>ticul>1 & ! in/ruction ( _! pupils3 circum/ances1 inde$1 :i* are sometimes f\nd s bl5d$ & confus$1 t sev]al cities may cont5d = "o pa9t]1 z !y are said to h done = ,hom]4 ,9 su* cases ,i d n pret5d to decide2 ! object ( my lab\rs be+ only to trace ! vicissitudes ( ! art 9 v>i\s places1 & to po9t out ^? arti/s :o h ex]cis$ an influ5ce ov] !m2 n to det]m9e disputes1 unpleasant 9 !mselves1 & :olly =eign to my und]tak+4 ,footnote #b3 ,see ,alg>otti1 ,saggio sopra la ,pittura1 9 ! *apt] ,della critica necess>ia al ,pittore4 ,footnote #c3 ,= ?is fault1 :i* ! ,greeks us$ to call ,acribia1 ,pascoli has be5 %>ply reprov$4 ,he has1 9 fact1 in=m$ u :i* among ! sev]al arti/s c\ld boa/ a becom+ & proportionate nose1 :i* _h x %ort or long1 aquil9e or snubb$1 v %>p or v holl[4 ,he mo/ g5]ally obs]ves t su* an arti/ 0 nei!r tall nor l>ge ( /ature1 nei!r h&some nor pla9 9 8 physiognomy2 & :o w\ld h ?\ght x wor? 8 :ile to inquire ab\t x8 ,! sole utility t c possibly att5d su* inquiries is1 ! *ance ( detect+ "s impo/or1 :o might attempt to palm ^u u = a g5u9e portrait ! lik5ess ( "s o!r individual4 ,engrav+s1 h[ev]1 are ! be/ security aga9/ simil> impositions4 ,footnote #d3 ,9 ! ,magas9 ,encyclop$ique ( ,p>is1 7,an4 viii4 tom4 iv4 p4 #fc71 !re is a "w 9 two volumes1 edit$ 9 ! ,g]man language at ,gott+51 ann\nc$ z well z comm5d$4 ,! fir/ volume is dat$ #agih1 ! second #ahja1 f ! p5 ( note ! le>n$ ,sig4 ,florillo1 ! title ( :i* we ins]t 9 ! second index4 ,x consi/s ( a hi/ory ( pa9t+ ^u ! plan ( ! pres5t "o2 b !re is "s v>iation 9 ! ord] ( ! s*ools4 ,footnote #e3 ,x 0 f9i%$ 9 ! ye> #agif1 & x is n[ giv51 ) v>i\s additions & corrections ?r\gh\t4 ,_m *ur*es1 gall]ies1 & pictures1 are "h m5tion$ :i* are no long] 9 exi/5ce2 b ?is does n int]f]e ) its tru?1 inasmu* z ! title ( ! "w is conf9$ to ! be=e m5tion$ ye>4 ,num]\s fri5ds h l5t me _! assi/ance 9 ! completion ( ?is edition1 & 9 p>ticul> ! cavali] ,gio4 de' ,laz>a1 a g5tleman ( ,padua1 :o possesses a ri* collection1 bo? 9 books & ,,mss41 & displays ! utmo/ lib]ality 9 af=d+ o!rs ! use ( !m4 ,to ?is m]it1 9 reg>d to ! pres5t "w1 he has likewise add$ t ( revis+ & correct+ x ?r\gh ! press1 a fav\r :i* ,i c\ld n h m highly e/imat$ f any o!r h&1 deeply v]s$ z he is 9 ! hi/ory ( ! f9e arts4 ,footnote #f3 ,ut enim pictores1 et qui signa faciunt1 et v]o etiam poetae suum quisque opus a vulgo consid]>i vult1 ut si quid repreh5sum sit a pluribus id corrigatur 444 sic aliorum judicio p]multa nobis et faci5da et non faci5da1 et mut&a et corrig5da sunt4 ,cic]o ,de ,(ficiis1 ii4 c4 #da4 ,footnote #g3 ,treatise on ,pa9t+1 tom4 ii4 p4 #aff4 ,footnote #h3 ,op]e1 tom4 ii4 p4 #ajh4 ,footnote #i3 ,a le>n$ ,v5etian1 skill$ 9 ! practice ( design & ( pa9t+4 ,he mu/ n be conf\nd$ ) ,antonio ,m>ia ,zanetti1 an em95t engrav]1 :o reviv$ ! art ( tak+ pr9ts f wood5 blocks ) m ?an "o col\r1 :i* 0 inv5t$ by ,ugo da ,c>pi1 b aft]w>ds lo/4 ,he also wrote works1 s]viceable to ! f9e arts2 & sev]al ( 8 lett]s may be se5 9 ! second volume ( ,lett]e ,pittori*e4 ,!y are subscrib$ ,antonio ,m>ia ,zanetti1 q4 ,erasmo2 b ?is is an error ( ! editor3 x ought to be q4 ,girolamo1 to di/+ui% him f ! o!r1 :o 0 call$ del q4 ,aless&ro4 ,?is mi/ake 0 detect$ by ! accurate ,vianelli1 9 8 ,di>io della ,c>ri]a1 p4 #di4 ,footnote #aj3 ,an amateur1 :o happ5s to be unacqua9t$ ) ! fact1 t !re 7 v>i\s arti/s ( ! same "n1 z ! ,vecelli1 ,bassani1 & ,c>acci1 w nev] become prop]ly acqua9t$ ) ^! families ( pa9t]s2 nei!r w he be compet5t to judge ( c]ta9 pictures1 :i* only attract ! reg>d ( ! vulg>1 because !y truly boa/ ! reputation ( a great "n4 ,footnote #aa3 ,i d n admit ?is pr9ciple4 ,horace laid x d[n = ! art ( poetry alone1 because x is a faculty t p]i%es :5 x ceases to give delight4 ,ar*itecture1 on ! o!r h&1 conf]s va/ utility :5 x does n please1 by pres5t+ u ) habitations2 & pa9t+1 & sculpture1 by pres]v+ ! features ( m51 & illu/ri\s actions4 ,besides1 let u recollect1 t ,horace d5\nces ! production ( inf]ior v]ses1 because !re is n space en\gh = !m2 ,non concess]e columnae1 b x is n s ) pa9t+s ( m$iocrity4 ,9 any c\ntry ,petr>*1 ,ario/o1 & ,tasso1 may be read1 & he :o has nev] read a poor poet1 w write bett] ?an if he _h read a hundr$4 ,b x is n e "o :o c boa/ ei!r 9 ! h\ses or temples ( 8 c\ntry1 ( possess+ ! works ( good arti/s2 & = purposes ( wor%ip or ( ornam5t1 ! less excell5t ones may suffice2 :]e=e ^! also produce "s advantage4 ,footnote #ab3 ,l "o :o ?9ks ( "s o!r p]son ?an he t is be=e him4 ,footnote #ac3 ,= ! improvem5t ( my late/ edition1 ,i am greatly indebt$ to ! ,pr9ce ,filippo ,ercolani1 :o1 hav+ pur*as$ f ! heirs ( ,signor ,m>cello ,oretti fifty-two manuscript volumes1 :i* t indefatigable amateur1 9 ! c\rse ( 8 /udies1 j\rneys1 & obs]vations1 _h compil$ respect+ ! pr(essors ( ! f9e arts1 _! eras1 & _! lab\rs1 all[$ mat]ials to be drawn f !m = v>i\s notes1 by ! ,sig4 ,laz>a1 :o sup]9t5d$ ! edition4 ,to ! devot$ atta*m5t ( ^! g5tlem5 to ! f9e arts1 ! public are indebt$ = mu* in=mation1 ei!r :olly new1 or hi!rto little kn[n4 ,footnote #ad3 ,vas>i1 f :om sev]al epo*s are tak51 is full ( errors 9 dates1 z may be e :]e p]ceiv$4 ,see ,bott>i's note on tom4 ii4 p4 #gi4 ,! same obs]vation applies g5]ally to o!r au?ors1 z ,bott>i rem>ks 9 a note on ,lett]e ,pittori*e1 tom4 iv4 p4 #cff4 ,a simil> objection is made to ! ,diction>y ( ,p4 ,orl&i 9 ano!r lett]1 tom4 ii4 p4 #cah1 :]e x is t]m$ a useful "w1 b s full ( errors1 t "o c d]ive no b5efit f x )\t possess+ ! books !re quot$4 ,aft] ?ree editions ( ?is "w1 a f\r? 0 pr9t$ 9 ,v5ice1 9 #agec1 correct$ & enl>g$ by ,gu>i5ti1 b en\gh /ill rema9s to be done aft] 8 additions1 ev5 to increase x tw(old4 ,bott>i1 ,lett4 ,pitt4 tom4 iii4 p4 #cec4 ,see also ,crespi ,vite de' ,pittori ,bolognesi1 p4 #ej4 ,no "o1 :o has n p]us$ ?is book1 w\ld believe h[ (t5 he defaces ,orl&i 9 presum+ to correct him2 multiply+ arti/s = e little diff]5ce ) :i* au?ors wrote ! "n ( ! same man4 ,?us ,pi] ,antonio ,torre1 & ,antonio ,torri1 are ) him two diff]5t m54 ,_m ( ! articles1 h[ev]1 add$ by him1 relat+ to arti/s unkn[n to ,p4 ,orl&i1 are useful2 s t ?is second ,diction>y ought to be consult$ ) caution1 n altoge!r reject$4 ,! la/ edition1 pr9t$ at ,flor5ce1 9 two volumes1 conta9s ! names ( _m pa9t]s1 ei!r lately dead1 or /ill liv+1 & (t5 ( v inf]ior m]it1 & on ?is acc\nt is little notic$ 9 my hi/ory4 ,?is ,diction>y1 moreov]1 af=ds little satisfaction to ! read] conc]n+ ! old ma/]s1 unless he possess a "w pr9t$ at ,flor5ce 9 twelve volumes1 entitl$ ,s]ie degli ,uom9i piu illu/ri 9 ,pittura1 to :i* ! articles 9 x (t5 ref]4 ,! ,dizion>io ,portatile1 by ,mr4 ,la ,combe1 is also a book ( ref]5ce1 n v valuable to ^? :o look = exact in=mation4 ,we give a s+le in/ance ( 8 inaccuracy 9 reg>d to ! eld] ,palma2 b our em5dations h be5 *iefly direct$ t[>ds ! writ]s ( ,italy1 f :om =eign]s h1 or ought to h borr[$1 9 writ+ respect+ our arti/s4 ,footnote #ae3 ,see ,mr4 ,ri*>dson's ,treatise on ,pa9t+1 tom4 ii4 p4 #eh2 & ,m4 ,d',arg5ville's ,abrege de la ,vie des plus fameux ,pe9tres1 tom4 i4 p4 #fe4 ,footnote #af3 ,"s made use ( pure col\rs1 )\t bl5d+ "o ) ! o!r2 a practice well und]/ood 9 ! age ( ,titiano3 o!rs1 z ,coreggio1 adopt$ a me?od totally opposite3 he laid on 8 admirable col\rs 9 su* a mann]1 t !y appe> z if !y _h be5 brea!d )\t ef=t on ! canvas2 s s(t & s cle>1 )\t h>%ness ( outl9e1 & s reliev$1 t he seems ! rival ( nature4 ,! eld] ,palma & ,lor5zo ,lotto col\r$ fre%ly1 & f9i%$ _! pictures z highly z ,giovanni ,bell9i2 b !y h load$ & ov]:elm$ !m ) outl9e & s(tness 9 ! /yle ( ,titiano & ,giorgione4 ,"s o!rs1 z ,t9toretto1 to a purity ( col\r n inf]ior to ! arti/s above m5tion$1 h add$ a boldness z gr& z x is a/oni%+2 c4 ,bald9ucci1 ,lett4 ,pittor4 tom4 ii4 lett4 #abf4 ,footnote #ag3 ,see ,bald9ucci 9 ,lett4 ,pittor4 tom4 ii4 lett4 #abf1 & "o by ,crespi1 tom4 iv4 lett4 #afb4 ,footnote #ah3 ,we mu/ recollect t de pictore1 sculptore1 fusore1 judic>e nisi artifex non pote/1 7,pl94 ,jun4 i4 epi/4 #aj72 :i* mu/ be und]/ood ( c]ta9 ref9em5ts ( ! art t may escape ! eye ( ! mo/ le>n$ connoisseur4 ,b h we any ne$ ( a pa9t] to :isp] 9 our e> :e!r ! features ( a figure are h&some or ugly1 its col\r+ false or natural1 :e!r x has h>mony & expression1 or :e!r its composition be 9 ! ,roman or ,v5etian ta/e8 ,& :]e x is really exp$i5t to h ! op9ion ( an arti/1 :i* we !re=e report z we h ei!r read x or he>d x1 w t op9ion h less au?ority 9 my pages ?an on 8 own tongue8 ,footnote #ai3 ,abundance ( quotations1 & descriptions ( ! m9ute/ p>ticul>s f r>] works is a *>act]i/ic ( ! pres5t day1 to :i* ,i ?9k ,i h suffici5tly con=m$ 9 my second ,index4 ,b 9 a hi/ory expressly compos$ to in/ruct & please1 ,i h judg$ x "r n to int]rupt ! ?read ( ! n>rative too frequ5tly ) diff]5t au?orities4 ,! works f :i* ,i draw my acc\nt ( ea* arti/ are indicat$ 9 ! body ( ! hi/ory & 9 ! fir/ index3 to make cont9ual allusion to !m might please a few1 b w\ld prove v disagreeable to _m4 ,footnote #bj3 ,pietro da ,cortona told ,falconi]i t :5 ! celebrat$ picture ( ,s4 ,girolamo della ,c>ita 0 exhibit$1 x 0 s abus$ by all ! em95t pa9t]s1 ( :om _m !n fl\ri%$1 t he himself jo9$ 9 its condemnation1 9 ord] to save 8 cr$it4 ,see ,falconi]i1 ,lett4 ,pittor4 tom4 ii4 lett4 #ag4 ,he cont9ues3 ,is n ! tribune ( ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,&rea della ,valle1 ornam5t$ by ,dom5i*9o1 among ! f9e/ specim5s ( pa9t+ 9 fresco8 & yet !y talk$ ( s5d+ masons ) hamm]s to knock x d[n aft] he _h display$ x4 ,:5 ,dom5i*9o aft]w>ds pass$ ?r\gh ! *ur*1 he /opp$ ) 8 s*ol>s to view x2 &1 %rugg+ up 8 %\ld]s1 obs]v$1 ',aft] all1 ,i d n ?9k ! picture s badly execut$4' ,footnote #ba3 ,! mo/ s+ul> & novel op9ions conc]n+ our pa9t]s are conta9$ 9 ! volumes publi%$ by ,m4 ,co*91 :o is confut$ 9 ! ,guides to ! cities ( ,padua & ,p>ma1 & is (t5 convict$ ( errone\s /atem5ts 9 matt] ( fact4 ,he is reprov$1 ) reg>d to ,bologna1 by ,crespi1 9 ,lett4 ,pittor4 tom4 vii42 & = :at he has said ( ,g5oa1 by ,ratti1 9 ! lives ( ! pa9t]s ( t city4 ,comm5c+ ) 8 preface1 !y po9t out ! grosse/ errors 9 ,co*94 ,x is !re also obs]v$ t 8 "w 0 disapprov$ ( by ,watellet1 by ,cl]isseau1 & o!r ,fr5* connoisseurs !n liv+3 nor d ,i believe x w\ld h pleas$ ,filibi51 ,de ,piles1 & su* ma/]s ( ! critical art4 ,italy also1 at a lat] p]iod1 has produc$ a book1 :i* aims at ov]turn+ ! receiv$ op9ions on subjects connect$ ) ! f9e arts4 ,x is entitl$ ,arte di v$]e secondo i pr9cipii di ,sulz] e di ,m5gs4 ,! au?or1 :o 9 c]ta9 p]iodical works at ,rome1 0 call$ ! mod]n ,diog5es1 has be5 hon\r$ ) v>i\s confutations4 7,see ,lett]a 9 ,difesa del ,cav4 ,ratti1 p4 #aa47 ,au?ors l ^! laun* _! extravagant op9ions1 = ! purpose ( attract+ ! gaze ( ! _w2 b m5 ( lett]s1 if !y _c pass !m ov] 9 sil5ce1 ought n to be v anxi\s to gratify _! wi%es--,op9ionum comm5ta delet dies4 ,cic]o4 ,footnote #bb3 ,( ,apelles himself ,pl9y obs]ves1 ,vulgum dilig5tiorem judicem quam se praef]5s4 ,exam9e also ,c>lo ,dati 9 ,vite de' ,pittori ,anti*i1 p4 #ii1 :]e he proves1 by au?ority & examples1 t judgm5t1 9 ! imitative arts1 is n conf9$ to ! le>n$4 ,see also ,junius1 ,de ,pictura ,vet]um1 lib4 i4 cap4 #e4 ,footnote #bc3 ,see ,mons4 ,aguc*i1 9 a fragm5t pres]v$ by ,bellori1 9 ,vite de' ,pittori1 ,scultori1 e ,ar*itetti mod]ni1 p4 #aij4 ,,biographical ,,notice4#bd ,luigi ,lanzi 0 born 9 ! ye> #agcb1 at ,monte dell' ,olmo1 9 ! diocese ( ,f]mo1 ( an anci5t family1 :i* is said to h enjoy$ "s ( ! *ief hon\rs ( ! municipality to :i* x belong$4 ,8 fa!r 0 a physician1 & also a man ( lett]s3 8 "m1 a truly excell5t & pi\s woman1 0 alli$ to ! family ( ! ,firmani4 ,h[ deeply s5sible ! subject ( ?is memoir 0 ( ! advantages he d]iv$1 9 common ) _m illu/ri\s *>act]s1 f e>ly mat]nal precepts & direction1 he has %ewn 9 a beautiful ,lat9 elegy to h] memory1 :i* appe>$ 9 8 "w1 entitl$ ,inscriptionum et ,c>m9um4 ,possess$ ( a naturally lively & p5etrat+ turn ( m9d1 he began e>ly to inve/igate ! m]its ( ! great writ]s ( 8 own c\ntry2 alike 9 poetry1 9 hi/ory1 & 9 art4 ,8 poetical ta/e 0 =m$ on ! models ( ,petr>* & ( ,dante1 & he 0 accu/om$1 :ile yet a *ild1 to repeat _! f9e/ passages to 8 fa!r1 an en?usia/ic admir] ( ,italy's old poets1 :o took pride 9 cultivat+ ! same f]v\r 9 ! m9d ( 8 son1 a f]v\r ( :i* 9 m nor!rn climates1 we c =m little idea4 ,8 imitations ( ^! e>ly poets1 ^: _s he fir/ imbib$ at ! f\nta9 head1 be=e he grew famili> ) ! corrupt & ta/eless compositions ( succe$+ eras1 are said to h frequ5tly be5 s bold & /rik+1 z to deceive ! pat]nal eye4 ,to ^!1 too1 he 0 p]haps ma9ly indebt$ = t en]gy ( feel+1 & solidity ( judgm5t1 z well z t ri*ness ( illu/ration & allusion1 :i* conf] attractions ^u 8 mo/ s]i\s & elaborate works4 ,he 0 no less intimate ) ! be/ political & lit]>y hi/orians at an e>ly age2 ) ,ma*iavelli1 ,davila1 & ,guicci>d9i2 ) ,muratori & ,tirabos*i2 ^: respective compositions he 0 de/9$ to rival 9 ! _w ( art4 ,lanzi's fir/ /udies 7 pursu$ 9 ! ,jesuits' ,college at ,f]mo1 :]e an ,italian ,canzone1 writt5 9 praise ( ! ,beata ,v]g9e1 is said to h acquir$ = him1 z a y\? ( great promise1 ! highe/ degree ( reg>d4 ,"u ! c>e ( 8 spiritual in/ructor1 fa!r ,raimondo ,cuni*1 ,lanzi likewise became deeply v]s$ 9 all ! excell5ces ( classical lit]ature1 n z a va9 p>ade ( words & syllables2 = along ) ! te*nical skill ( ! s*ol>1 he imbib$ ! _s ( ! anci5t writ]s4 ,9 8 succe$+ philosophical & ma!matical /udies he 0 assi/$ by ,fa!r ,boscovi*1 "o ( ! fir/ ma!maticians ( 8 day4 ,?us to a ke5 & f]tile intellect1 animat$ by en?usiasm = true poetry & ! beauties ( art1 0 add$ t regul> classical & sci5tific le>n+1 induc+ a love ( ord] & ( tru?1 capable ( apply+ ! cle> logic d]iv$ f ,euclid to advantage1 9 subjects ( a less tangible & demon/rative nature4 ,! value ( su* prelim9>y acquirem5ts to ! exam9ation ( antiqu>ian & sci5tific rema9s1 :i* c only be conduct$ on unc]ta9 data & a calculation ( possibilities1 z 9 anci5t specim5s ( art1 c be> no "q2 & ( ?is tru? ,lanzi 0 fully aw>e4 ,to feel rightly1 to reason cle>ly1 to decide ^u probabilities1 to di/+ui% degrees1 resemblances1 & diff]5ces1 comp>+ & weigh+ ! :ole ) p]sev]+ accuracy2 ^! 7 among ! ess5tials :i* ,lanzi conceiv$ requisite to prep>e a writ] ^u works ( art4 ,^! qualities1 too1 w be f\nd f9ely reliev$ & elevat$ by frequ5t & appropriate passages ( eloqu5t feel+2 fl[+ f t s9c]e v5]ation = 8 subject1 & t love :i* may be t]m$ ! religion ( ! art to :i* he became s e>ly atta*$4 ,h[ intimately su* a _s is connect$ ) ! be/ triumphs ( ! art ( pa9t+1 is se5 9 ! angelic faces ( ,da ,v9ci1 ( ,raffaello1 & ,coreggio2 & ! same en?usiasm mu/ h be5 felt by a true critic1 su* z ,lanzi4 ,f>1 h[ev]1 f imp$+ him 9 ! acquisition ( 8 /ores ( antiqu>ian k1 & 9 8 sci5tific arrangem5ts1 8 en?usiasm conf]r$ ^u him only an incr$ible degree ( dilig5ce & despat*4 ,he 0 at once enabl$ to deciph] ! age & "*1 to arrange 9 its prop] class1 & to give ! mo/ exact description ( e object ( art :i* pass$ "u 8 review4 ,lanzi ?us came admirably prep>$ to 8 great task1 "o ( ! mo/ complete models ( s\nd hi/orical composition1 ( :i* ! mod]n age c boa/4 ,x 0 writt5 9 ! full maturity ( 8 p[]s2 no ha/y or isolat$ und]tak+1 x foll[$ a s]ies ( o!r excell5t treatises1 all connect$ ) "s bran*es ( ! subject1 & furni%+ mat]ials = 8 gr& design4 ,circum/ances fur!r contribut$ to promote 8 views4 ,%ortly aft] ! dissolution ( ! ord] ( ,jesuits1 to :i* he belong$1 he 0 recomm5d$ by 8 fri5d ,fabroni1 prior ( ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,lor5zo1 to ! gr& duke ,leopold ( ,flor5ce1 :o1 9 #agge1 appo9t$ him to ! c>e ( 8 cab9et ( m$als & gems1 9 ! gall]y ( ,flor5ce4 ,?is gave rise to "o ( 8 fir/ publications1 entitl$1 ,a ,description ( ! ,flor5t9e ,gall]y1 :i* he s5t 9 #aghb to ! same fri5d1 ,angiolo ,fabroni1 !n ,g5]al ,provv$itore ( ! ,/udio at ,pisa1 & :o conduct$ ! celebrat$ ,lit]>y ,j\rnal ( t place1 9 :i* ,lanzi's ,,description appe>$4 ,8 next diss]tation1 /ill m enri*$ ) antiqu>ian illu/ration & rese>*1 0 8 ,essay on ! ,anci5t ,italian dialects1 :i* conta9s a curi\s acc\nt ( old ,etruscan monum5ts1 & ! ducal collection ( classical vases & urns4 ,?is 0 foll[$ by 8 ,prelim9>y ,notices respect+ ! ,sculpture ( ! ,anci5ts1 & _! v>i\s ,/yles1 put =? 9 ! ye> #aghi1 9 :i* he pursues ! same plan :i* he subsequ5tly p]fect$ 9 ! hi/ory be=e u1 ( allott+ to ea* /yle its respective epo*s1 to ea* epo* its peculi> *>act]s1 ^! la/ be+ exemplifi$ by _! lead+ pr(essors1 mo/ celebrat$ 9 hi/ory4 ,he f>!r adduces examples ( 8 sy/em z he proce$s1 f ! v>i\s cab9ets ( ! ,royal ,museum1 :i* he expla9s to ! read] z a "p ( 8 *ief design 9 illu/rat+ !m4 ,he ent]s l>gely into ! orig9 & "* ( ! ,etruscan ,s*ool1 & exam9es v fully ! criticisms1 bo? on anci5t & ,italian art1 by ,w9ckelmann & ,m5gs4 ,f ! p]iod ( ^! publications1 ! ,gr& ,duke1 ent]ta9+ a high op9ion ( ,lanzi's judgm5t1 0 9 ! habit ( consult+ him be=e he v5tur$ to add any new specim5s to 8 cab9et ( antiquities4 ,he 0 also entru/$ ) a fre% arrangem5t ( "s new cab9ets belong+ to ! gall]y1 :i* toge!r ) ! latt]1 he f9ally complet$1 on a sy/em :i* x is said nev] fails to awak5 ! admiration ( all sci5tific visitors at ,flor5ce4 ,dur+ ?is task1 8 att5tion _h be5 p>ticul>ly direct$ to ! int]pretation ( ! monum5ts & ,etruscan inscriptions conta9$ 9 ! ducal gall]y1 :i*1 toge!r ) ! anci5t ,tuscan1 ! ,umbrian1 & o!r obsolete dialects1 soon grew famili> to him1 & l$ to ! composition ( 8 celebrat$ ,essay ^u ! ,tuscan ,tongue4 ,= ! purpose ( m complete rese>* & illu/ration1 he obta9$ p]mission f ! duke to visit ,rome1 9 ord] to consult ! museums1 & prep>e ! way = 8 essay1 :i* he publi%$ !re 9 #aghi2 a "w ( imm5se erudition & rese>*4 ,x 0 "h ,lanzi fir/ appe>$ z ! mo/ pr(\nd antiqu>ian ( mod]n ,italy1 by 8 successful explanation ( "s anci5t ,etruscan inscriptions & rema9s ( art1 :i* _h baffl$ ! skill ( a numb] ( 8 mo/ di/+ui%$ c\ntrym54 ,^u pres5t+ x to ! gr& duke1 aft] 8 return f ,rome1 ,lanzi 0 imm$iately appo9t$ 8 head antiqu>y & director ( ! ,flor5t9e gall]y2 :ile ! city ( ,gubbio rais$ him to ! rank ( _! fir/ patrician ord]1 on acc\nt ( 8 successful elucidation ( ! fam\s ,eugub9e ,tables4 ,9 "o ( 8 ,diss]tations ^u a small ,tuscan ,urn1 he triumphantly refut$ "s *>ges :i* _h be5 invidi\sly advanc$ aga9/ him1 & def5d$ 8 pr9ciples ( antiqu>ian illu/ration by retort+ ! *>ge ( fallacy ^u 8 adv]s>ies4 ,9 ! ye> #agij1 ,lanzi1 at ! reque/ ( ! ,gonfaloni]e & priors ( ,monte dell',ol9o1 publi%$ an inquiry into ! ,condition & ,site ( ,pausula1 an anci5t ,city ( ,pic5o2 said to be writt5 ) surpris+ +5uity1 yet ) equal fairness2 un9flu5c$ by any prejudices aris+ f national p>tiality1 or f ! nature ( ! commission ) :i* he _h be5 hon\r$4 ,?is 0 spe$ily foll[$ by a mu* m important und]tak+1 connect$ ) ! prosecution ( 8 great design1 :i* x w\ld appe> he _h already = "s "t ent]ta9$4 ,dur+ ! p]iod ( 8 travels ?r\gh ,italy 9 pursuit ( antiquities1 he _h c>efully collect$ mat]ials = a g5]al ,hi/ory ( ,pa9t+1 :i* 0 meant to comprize1 9 a comp5di\s =m1 :atev] %\ld be f\nd scatt]$ ?r\gh\t ! num]\s au?ors :o _h writt5 ^u ! art4 ,^! mat]ials1 z well z ! "w itself1 _h gradually gr[n ^u 8 h&s1 z might be expect$ f a man s long accu/om$ to me?od1 to criticism1 to p]spicuity2 9 %ort1 to e quality requisite 9 ! philosophical treatm5t ( a great subject4 ,! arti/s & lit]ati ( ,italy1 !n1 7 n a little surpris$ at ! appe>ance ( ! fir/ portion ( ! ,/oria ,pittorica1 compreh5d+ ,l[] ,italy2 or ! ,flor5t9e1 ,si5ese1 ,roman1 & ,neapolitan ,s*ools1 r$uc$ to a comp5di\s & me?odical =m1 adapt$ to facilitate a k ( ,pr(essors & ( _! ,/yles1 = ! lov]s ( ! art4 ,x 0 d$icat$ to ! gr& du*ess ,l\isa ,m>ia ( ,b\rbon1 9 a /yle1 obs]ves ! ,cav4 ,bossi1 :i* recalls to m9d ! lett]s ( ,pl9y to ,trajan1 compos$ ) m+l$ dignity & respect2 ) g5u9e feel+1 & ) true1 n imag9>y1 comm5dations4 ,elogio1 p4 #abg4 ,b ! unfeign$ pleasure & admiration express$ 9 ! _w ( lit]ature & art1 on be+ pres5t$ ) ! ,pictorial ,hi/ory ( ,l[] ,italy1 0 almo/ equall$ by its disappo9tm5t at ! delay exp]i5c$ ) reg>d to ! appe>ance ( ! second "p2 & :i* x 0 fe>$ w\ld nev] see ! light4 ,lanzi's /ate ( heal? _h1 "s "t subsequ5t to #agij1 be5 v prec>i\s2 & he suff]$ sev]ely f a di/ress+ compla9t1#be :i* frequ5tly int]rupt$ 8 travels 9 :i* he 0 !n engag$1 collect+ fur!r mat]ials = 8 ,hi/ory ( ,pa9t+ 9 ,upp] ,italy4 ,:ile ?us employ$1 on 8 return f ,g5oa 9 ,decemb]1 #agic1 he exp]i5c$ a fir/ attack ( apoplexy1 z he 0 pass+ ! m\nta9s ( ,massa & ,c>r>a4 ,aft] 8 recov]y1 & return to ,flor5ce1 he 0 advis$ 9 ! ensu+ spr+ to visit ! ba?s ( ,albano1 :i* be+ situat$ ne> ,bassano1 af=d$ him an opportunity ( sup]9t5d+ ! publication ( 8 hi/ory1 9 ! ,remond9i ,press1 & on a m ext5sive scale ?an he _h at fir/ contemplat$4 ,he likewise obta9$ p]mission f ! gr& duke ,leopold to abs5t himself1 dur+ "s "t1 f 8 *>ge at ,flor5ce1 9 ,septemb]1 #agic4 ,! fir/ portion ( 8 lab\rs he conceiv$ to be too scanty 9 po9t ( names & notices to satisfy public ta/e1 s t ^u complet+ ! latt] "p ^u a m full & ext5sive scale1 he gave a new edition ( t already publi%$1 v consid]ably alt]$ & augm5t$4 ,to ^! improvem5ts he inv>iably contribut$1 bo? 9 notes & text1 at e subsequ5t edition1 a numb] ( :i* appe>$ 9 ! c\rse ( a few ye>s1 until ! "w atta9$ a degree ( complet5ess & correctness seldom be/[$ ^u lab\rs ( su* incr$ible difficulty & ext5t4 ,! la/ :i* receiv$ ! correction & additions ( ! au?or 0 publi%$ at ,bassano1 9 ! ye> #ahji4 ,t a "w ^u su* a scale 0 a great desid]atum1 no less to ,italy ?an to ! g5]al _w ( art1 w\ld appe> evid5t f ! "* ( ! v>i\s hi/ories & acc\nts ( pa9t+ :i* _h prec$$ x4 ,!y are r valuable z records1 ?an z real criticism or hi/ory2 z annals ( p>ticul> *>act]s & productions d]iv$ f contempor>y obs]vation1 ?an z s\nd & enlight5$ views1 & a dispassionate e/imate ( individual m]its4 ,full ( errors1 idle prejudices1 & discussions =eign to ! subject1 a l>ge portion ( _! pages is tak5 up 9 vapid conceits1 p]sonal accusations1 & pu]ile reason+1 de/itute ( me?od4 ,! "w ( ,lanzi1 on ! o!r h&1 z x is well rem>k$ by ! ,cav4 ,boni1 obs]ves ?r\gh\t ! precept ( ! s]ie et junctura ( ,horace4 ,x br+s into full light ! lead+ pr(essors ( ! art1 exhibits at due di/ance ^? ( ! second class1 & only glances at m$iocrity & inf]iority ( "*1 insomu* z to fill up ! great pictoric canvas ) its j lights & %ades4 ,! true causes ( ! decl9e & revival ( ! art at c]ta9 epo*s are po9t$ out1 ) ^? t contribute to pres]ve ! f9e arts 9 _! happie/ lu/re2 9 :i*1 rec\rse to examples m ?an to precepts is /rongly recomm5d$4 ,! be/ rules are unfold$ = facilitat+ ! /udy ( diff]5t mann]s1 "s ( :i* are kn[n to be> a resemblance1 ?\gh by diff]5t h&s1 & o!rs are oppos$ to ea* o!r1 al?\gh adopt$ by ! same arti/2 a species ( k highly useful at a p]iod :5 ! be/ productions are eag]ly s\ght aft] at a high rate4 ,x is a hi/ory1 9 %ort1 wor?y ( be+ plac$ at ! side ( t on ! ,lit]ature ( ,italy by ,tirabos*i1 :o hav+ t\*$ ^u ! f9e arts at ! outset ( 8 lab\rs1 (t5 urg$ 8 anci5t fri5d & colleague to dilate ^u a subject 9 e way s flatt]+ to ! g5ius ( ,italy2 to ,italy :i*1 h[ev] rivall$ by o!r nations 9 sci5ce & 9 lit]ature1 /&s triumphant & alone 9 its creative m9d ( art4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 difficult to convey a j idea ( a "w compos$ ^u s enl>g$ & complete a scale2 :i* embraces a p]iod ( ab\t six c5turies1 & f\rte5 ,italian s*ools1 b treat$ ) su* rapidity & precision1 z to =m 9 itself a comp5dium ( :atev] we meet ) 9 s _m volumes ( guides1 catalogues1 descriptions ( *ur*es & palaces1 & 9 s _m lives ( arti/s ?r\gh\t ! :ole ( ,italy4 7pp4 #acj-a47 ,x is kn[n t ,ri*>dson express$ a wi% t "s hi/orian w\ld collect ^! scatt]$ acc\nts relat+ to ! art ( pa9t+1 at ! same "t not+ d[n its progress & decl9e 9 e age1 a desid]atum :i* ,m5gs 9 "p suppli$ 9 "o ( 8 lett]s1 briefly m>k+ d[n all ! respective eras4 ,^u ?is plan1 z f> z reg>d$ ,v5etian pa9t+1 ,zanetti _h p>tially proce$$2 b ! g5]al survey1 9 its p]fect =m1 ( ! :ole ( ! o!r s*ools1 0 de/9$ to be complet$ by ! g5ius ( ,lanzi4 ,"h he fir/ gives ! g5]al "* ( ea*1 di/+ui%+ its p>ticul> epo*s1 accord+ to ! alt]ations 9 ta/e :i* x und]w5t4 ,a few arti/s ( di/+ui%$ reputation1 ^: influ5ce gave a new impulse & new laws to ! art1 /& at ! head ( ea* era1 :i* !y may be said to h produc$1 ) a full description ( _! /yle4 ,to ^! great ma/]s1 _! respective pupils are annex$1 ) ! progress ( _! s*ool1 ref]r+ to su* z may h m or less add$ to1 or alt]$ ! mann] ( _! prototype4 ,= ! sake ( great] p]spicuity1 ! pa9t]s ( hi/ory are kept di/9ct f ! arti/s 9 inf]ior bran*es2 among :om are class$ portrait & l&scape pa9t]s1 ^? ( animals1 ( fl[]s1 ( fruits1 c4 ,nor are su* z be> an aff9ity to ! art1 l engrav+1 inlay+1 mosaic "w1 & embroid]y1 :olly exclud$4 ,be+ d\btful :e!r he %\ld make m5tion ( ^? arti/s :o belong nei!r to ! s5atorial1 ! eque/rian1 nor ! popul> ord] ( ! pictorial republic1 & h no public repres5tation1 su* z ! names ( m$iocrity2 ,lanzi f9ally decid$ to introduce !m among _! sup]iors1 l ?ird-rate actors1 ^: figures may j be se51 9 ord] to pres]ve ! entir5ess ( ! /ory4 ,to ?is he 0 f>!r induc$ by ! g5]al appe>ance ( _! names 9 ! v>i\s diction>ies1 guides1 & descriptions ( cities & ( gall]ies2 & by ! example ( ,hom]1 ,cic]o1 & mo/ great writ]s2 ,hom] himself commemorat+1 along ) ! wise & brave also ! less valiant--! fools & ! c[>ds4 7,elogio1 pp4 #abi1 #acj1 #aca47 ,aft] hav+ resid$ dur+ a consid]able p]iod at ,bassano1 occupi$ 9 ! sup]9t5d5ce ( ! fir/ edition ( 8 great "w1 ,lanzi f\nd himself compell$ to retire to ,ud9e1 9 #agif1 f ! m imm$iate sc5e ( w>2 a w> :i* subsequ5tly involv$ o!r cities ( ,italy 9 its c>e]4 ,f ,ud9e he %ortly return$ to ,flor5ce1 :]e he aga9 resum$ 8 =m] avocations 9 ! ducal gall]y1 ab\t ! p]iod ( ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,b\rbon gov]nm5t4 ,lanzi's next lit]>y und]tak+ 0 ?ree ,diss]tations ^u ,anci5t pa9t$ ,vases1 commonly call$ ,etruscan2 & he subsequ5tly publi%$ a v excell5t & pleas+ "w1 entitl$1 ,aloisii ,lanzii ,inscriptionum et ,c>m9um ,libri ,tres3 works :i* obta9$ = him ! fav\rable notice ( ! ,b\rbon c\rt4 ,nor 0 he less di/+ui%$ by t ( ! new ,fr5* dyna/y1 :i* %ortly obta9$ ! asc5dancy ?r\gh\t all ,italy1 z well z at ,flor5ce1 & by :i* ,lanzi 0 appo9t$ ,presid5t ( ! ,cruscan ,academy4 ,among ,lanzi's late/ productions may be class$ 8 edition & translations ( ,hesiod2 entitl$ ,i ,lavori1 e le ,giornate di ,esiodo ,ascreo op]a con ,l4 ,codici riscontrata1 em5data la v]sione lat9a1 aggiuntavi l',italiana 9 ,t]ze ,rime con annotazioni4 ,9 ?is he _h be5 engag$ z f> back z ! ye> #aghe1 & x _h be5 !n ann\nc$ 9 a beautiful edition ( ,hesiod1 translat$ into ,lat9 by ,c\nt ,zamagua4 ,! li/ w "h close ) 8 ,op]e ,sacre1 sacr$ treatises1 produc$ on a v>iety ( occasions1 & on a v>iety ( spiritual subjects4 ,"o ( ^! 0 ^u ! ,holy ,sacram5t1 entitl$1 ,il divoto del ,,ss4 ,sacram5to i/ruito nella pratica di tal devozione4 ,9 tru?1 ,lanzi 0 a good ,*ri/ian1 & may be rank$ 9 ! numb] ( t great & hon\r$ b& ( ,*ri/ian philosoph]s1 :o l ,newton1 ,locke1 & ,paley1 h triumphantly oppos$ ! :ole /r5g? ( _! mighty intellect1 & va/ rea* ( _! reason+ p[]s to ! speci\s & witty1 b less p[]ful & argum5tative g5ius ( ,gibbon1 ( ,hume1 & ( ,voltaire4 ,nor 0 ! conviction ( ^! great tru?s 9 ! m9d ( ,lanzi ! result ( sickness & mis=tunes1 or sombre reflections 9 ! decl9e ( life4 ,great z 0 ! reputation he _h acquir$ by 8 valuable lab\rs1 he 0 (t5 kn[n s9c]ely to decl>e1 among 8 private fri5ds1 t he w\ld will+ly r5\nce all k9d ( lit]>y hon\rs = ! pleasure ( be+ assur$1 t 8 sacr$ works _h 9 any degree promot$ ! cause ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,%ortly aft] ! la/ edition ( ! ,hi/ory n[ be=e u1 :i* he _h p]sonally sup]9t5d$1 ?\gh at a v advanc$ age1 9 ! ye> #ahji1 at ,bassano1 ,lanzi's heal? began rapidly to decl9e1 & he prep>$ ) p]fect composure to meet ! t]m9ation ( 8 e>?ly c>e]4 ,he _h already atta9$ 8 sev5ty-eigh? ye>2 b 8 m9d pres]v$ its usual tone & vig\r1 ?\gh he c\ld ) difficulty pace 8 ap>tm5t4 ,he wrote lett]s1 & ev5 pursu$ 8 belov$ /udies on ! day ( 8 decease1 :i* took place on ,sunday1 ! #cj? ( ,m>*1 #ahaj1 occasion$ by a fre% attack ( apoplexy4 ,= ?is he _h long be5 prep>$1 & only ! prec$+ ev5+ _h tak5 an affectionate leave ( 8 fri5ds & dome/ics1 ?ank+ ! ,cav4 ,boni = 8 k9dness 9 cont9u+ s long to m\nt 8 /aircase to visit an old man4 ,footnote #bd3 ,x may be prop] to obs]ve1 t ! mat]ials ( ! biographical sket* "h (f]$ to ! public1 are extract$ f an extremely pleas+ & popul> tribute to ! memory ( ,lanzi1 ( v g5]al repute 9 ,italy1 f ! p5 ( 8 intimate fri5d & associate1 ! ,cavali] ,bossi1 himself a man ( s+ul> m]it & acquirem5ts1 ^: ,elogio ^u 8 di/+ui%$ c\ntryman has des]v$ly be5 add$ to ! rec5t editions ( 8 invaluable hi/ory4 ,footnote #be3 ,repeat$ attacks ( /rangury :i* (t5 ?reat5$ 8 life1 unless he obta9$ in/ant relief4 ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,pa9t+ ,,9 ,,l[] ,,italy4 ,,book ,i4 ,,flor5t9e ,,s*ool4 ,,epo* ,i4 ,orig9 ( ! revival ( ,pa9t+--,association & me?ods ( ! old ,pa9t]s--,s]ies ( ,tuscan ,arti/s be=e ! "t ( ,cimabue & ,giotto4 ,,sect4 ,i4 ,t !re 7 pa9t]s 9 ,italy1 ev5 dur+ ! rude ages1 is atte/$ n only by hi/orians1#bf b by sev]al pictures :i* h escap$ ! ravages ( "t2 ,rome reta9s sev]al anci5t specim5s4#bg ,pass+ ov] h] cemet]ies1 :i* h h&$ d[n to u a numb] ( ,*ri/ian monum5ts1 "p 9 specim5s ( pa9t$ glass1 scatt]$ ?r\gh our museums1 & "p 9 ^? ( p>ietal hi/ories1 or wall$ mosaic1 x w be suffici5t to adduce two va/ works1 unrivall$ by any o!rs1 t ,i "k (1 9 ,italy4 ,! fir/ is ! s]ies ( ! ,popes1 :i* 9 ord] to prove ! succession ( ! papal *air1 f ! pr9ce ( ! ,apo/les d[n to ! "t ( ,/4 ,leo1 ?is la/ holy pontiff caus$ to be pa9t$2 a "w ( ! fif? c5tury1 :i* 0 subsequ5tly cont9u$ until our own times4 ,! second is ! decoration ( ! :ole *ur* ( ,san ,urbano1 :]e !re are sev]al evangelical acts repres5t$ on ! walls1 along ) "s hi/ories ( ! ,titul> ,sa9t & ,/4 ,cecilia1 a production :i*1 p>tak+ 9 no?+ ei!r ( ! ,greek l9eam5ts or /yle ( drap]y1 may be attribut$ m ju/ly to an ,italian p5cil1 :i* has subscrib$ ! date ( #ajaa4bh ,_m m might be po9t$ out1 exi/+ 9 diff]5t cities2 z = in/ance ! picture at ,pes>a1 ( ! patron sa9ts ( ! city1 illu/rat$ by ! celebrat$ ,annibale ,olivi]i1 :i* is e>li] ?an ! ye> #ajjj2 ^? 9 ! vaults ( ! ca!dral at ,aquileja1#bi ! picture at ,santa ,m>ia ,prim]ana at ,fiesole1 :i* seems ! "w ( t or ! succe$+ age2#cj & ! picture at ,orvieto :i* 0 =m]ly kn[n by ! "n ( ,s4 ,m>ia ,prisca1 b is n[ g5]ally call$ ,s4 ,brizio4#ca ,i say no?+ ( ! figures ( ! virg9 =m]ly ascrib$ to ,/4 ,luke1 & n[ suppos$ to be ! production ( ! elev5? or twelf? c5tury1 z ,i %all h to treat ( !m at ! op5+ ( ! ?ird book4 ,! pa9t]s ( ^? times 71 h[ev]1 ( little repute2 !y produc$ no illu/ri\s s*ol>s1 no "w wor?y ( m>k+ an era4 ,! art _h gradually deg5]at$ into a k9d ( me*anism1 :i*1 aft] ! models af=d$ by ! ,greek work]s 9 mosaic employ$ 9 ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,m>k1 at ,v5ice1#cb inv>iably exhibit$ ! same leg5ds1 9 :i* nature appe>$ di/ort$ r ?an repres5t$4 ,x 0 n till aft] ! middle ( ! ?irte5? c5tury t any ?+ bett] 0 attempt$2 & ! improvem5t ( sculpture 0 ! fir/ /ep t[>ds ! =mation ( a new /yle4 ,! hon\r ( ?is is due to ! ,tuscans2 a nation t f v remote antiquity dissem9at$ ! b5ign light ( art & le>n+ ?r\gh\t ,italy2 b x m especially belongs to ! p ( ,pisa4 ,!y taught arti/s h[ to %ake (f ! trammels ( ! mod]n ,greeks1 & to adopt ! anci5ts = _! models4 ,b>b>ism _h n only ov]:elm$ ! arts1 b ev5 ! maxims necess>y = _! re-e/abli%m5t4 ,italy 0 n de/itute ( f9e specim5s ( ,grecian & ,roman sculpture2 b %e _h long be5 )\t an arti/ :o c\ld appreciate _! value1 mu* less attempt to imitate !m4 ,little else 0 execut$ 9 ^? d>k ages b "s rude pieces ( sculpture1 su* z :at rema9s 9 ! ca!dral ( ,mod5a1 9 ,san ,donato at ,arezzo1 9 ! ,primaziale at ,pisa1#cc & 9 "s o!r *ur*es :]e specim5s are pres]v$ on ! doors or 9 ! int]ior4 ,niccola ,pisano 0 ! fir/ :o discov]$ & pursu$ ! true pa?4 ,!re 71 & /ill are1 "s anci5t s>cophagi 9 ,pisa1 especially t :i* inclos$ ! body ( ,beatrice1 "m ( ! ,c\ntess ,matilda1 :o di$ 9 ! elev5? c5tury4 ,a *ase1 suppos$ to repres5t t ( ,hippolytus1 is sculptur$ on x 9 basso relievo1 :i* mu/ be ! production ( a good s*ool2 be+ a subject :i* has be5 (t5 del9eat$ by ! anci5ts on _m urns /ill extant at ,rome4#cd ,?is 0 ! model :i* ,niccola select$1 f ?is he =m$ a /yle :i* p>ticipat$ ( ! antique1 especially 9 ! heads & ! ca/+ ( ! drap]y2 & :5 exhibit$ 9 diff]5t ,italian cities x inspir$ arti/s ) a laudable emulation to apply to sculpture m assidu\sly ?an !y _h be=e done1 z we are in=m$ by ,vas>i4 ,niccola did n atta9 to :at he aspir$4 ,! compositions are sometimes cr[d$1 ! figures are (t5 badly design$1 & %ew m dilig5ce ?an expression4 ,8 "n1 h[ev]1 w always m>k an era 9 ! hi/ory ( design1 because he fir/ l$ arti/s into ! true pa? by ! introduction ( a bett] /&>d4 ,re=m 9 any bran* ( /udy inv>iably dep5ds on "s rule1 :i*1 promulgat$ & adopt$ by ! s*ools1 gradually produces a g5]al revolution 9 op9ion1 & op5s a new field to ! ex]tions ( a succe$+ age4 ,ab\t #abca1 he sculptur$ at ,bologna ! urn ( ,san ,dom5ico1 & f ?is1 z a rem>kable ev5t1 he 0 nam$ ,niccola ( ! ,urn4 ,he aft]w>ds execut$ 9 a mu* sup]ior /yle1 ! ,la/ ,judgm5t1 = ! ca!dral ( ,orvieto1 & ! pulpit 9 ! *ur* ( ,san ,giovanni1 at ,pisa2 works t demon/rate to ! _w t design1 inv5tion1 & composition1 receiv$ f him a new exi/5ce4 ,he 0 succe$$ by ,arnolfo ,flor5t9o1 8 s*ol>1 ! sculptor ( ! tomb ( ,boniface ,,viii4 9 ,san ,pietro at ,rome2 & by 8 son ,giovanni1 :o execut$ ! monum5ts ( ,urban ,,iv4 & ( ,b5$ict ,,ix4 9 ,p]ugia4 ,he aft]w>ds complet$ ! great alt> ( ,san ,donato1 at ,arezzo1 ! co/ ( :i* 0 ?irty ?\s& gold flor9s2 besides _m o!r works :i* rema9 9 ,naples & 9 sev]al cities ( ,tuscany4 ,&rea ,pisano 0 8 associate1 & probably also 8 disciple 9 ,p]ugia1 :o1 aft] e/abli%+ himself 9 ,flor5ce1 ornam5t$ ) /atues ! ca!dral & ! *ur* ( ,san ,giovanni 9 t city2 & 9 tw5ty-two ye>s f9i%$ ! great gate ( bronze to :i* we are indebt$ = all t is excell5t1 difficult1 or beautiful 9 ! o!r two1 :i* are ! workman%ip ( succe$+ arti/s4 ,he 01 9 fact1 ! f\nd] ( t great s*ool t successively produc$ ,orcagna1 ,donatello1 & ! celebrat$ ,ghib]ti1 :o fabricat$ ^? gates = ! same *ur*1 :i* ,mi*elagnolo pron\nc$ wor?y to =m ! entrance ( ,p>adise4 ,aft] ,&rea1 we may notice ,giovanni ,balducci1 ( ,pisa1 ^: era1 c\ntry1 & /yle1 all lead u to suppose him "o ( ! same s*ool4 ,he 0 an excell5t arti/1 & 0 employ$ by ,ca/ruccio1 ,"l ( ,lucca1 & by ,azzone ,visconti1 ,pr9ce ( ,milan2 :]e he fl\ri%$1 & left1 among o!r monum5ts ( 8 art1 ! tomb ( ,san ,pietro ,m>tire1 at ,s4 ,eu/orgio1 :i* is s highly prais$ by ,torre1 by ,lattuada1 & by v>i\s o!r le>n$ illu/rators ( ,milanese antiquities4#ce ,two em95t arti/s1 natives ( ,si5a1 proce$$ f ! s*ool ( ,gio4 ,pisano1 namely1 ! two bro!rs1 ,agnolo & ,ago/9o1 :o are greatly comm5d$ by ,vas>i z improv]s ( ! art4 ,:oev] has se5 ! sepul*re ( ,guido1 bi%op ( ,arezzo1 :i* is decorat$ ) an inf9ity ( /atues & basso-relievos1 repres5t+ passages ( 8 life1 w n only f9d reason to admire 9 !m ! design1 :i* 0 ! "w ( ,giotto1 b ! execution ( ! sculpture4 ,! bro!rs also execut$ _m ( _! own designs 9 ,orvieto1 9 ,si5a1 & 9 ,lomb>dy1 :]e !y br\ght up sev]al pupils1 :o = a long p]iod pursu$ _! mann]1 & diffus$ x ov] ,italy4 ,to ! improvem5t ( sculpture succe$$ t ( mosaic1 ?r\gh ! ef=ts ( ano!r ,tuscan1 belong+ to ! ord] ( m9or fri>s1 nam$ ,fra ,jacopo1 or ,fra ,m9o da ,turrita1 f a place 9 ! t]ritory ( ,si5a4 ,x is n kn[n :e!r he 0 in/ruct$ 9 8 art by ! ,romans or by ! ,greek work]s 9 mosaic1#cf b x is well asc]ta9$ t he v f> surpass$ !m4 ,on exam9+ :at rema9s ( 8 works 9 ,santa ,m>ia ,maggiore at ,rome1 "o c h>dly be p]suad$ t x is ! production ( s rude an age1 did n hi/ory con/ra9 u to believe x4 ,x appe>s probable t he took ! anci5ts = 8 models1 & d$uc$ 8 rules f ! m *a/e specim5s ( mosaic1 /ill rema9+ 9 sev]al ( ! ,roman *ur*es1 ! design ( :i* is less crude1 ! attitudes less =c$1 & ! composition m skilful1 ?an 7 exhibit$ by ! ,greeks :o ornam5t$ ! *ur* ( ,san ,m>co1 at ,v5ice4 ,m9o surpass$ !m 9 e ?+4 ,f #abbe1 :5 he execut$1 h[ev] feebly1 ! mosaic ( ! tribune ( ! *ur* ( ,san ,giovanni1 at ,flor5ce1 he 0 consid]$ at ! head ( ! liv+ arti/s 9 mosaic4#cg ,he m]it$ ?is praise mu* m by 8 works at ,rome1 & x appe>s t he long ma9ta9$ 8 reputation4 ,vas>i has n be5 suffici5tly j to ! fame ( ,turrita1 9 notic+ him only casually 9 ! life ( ,tafi1 b ! v]ses he recites1 & ! commissions he m5tions1 demon/rate h[ greatly ,turrita 0 e/eem$ by 8 contempor>ies4 ,x is ma9ta9$ t he 0 also a pa9t]1 b ?is is a mi/ake :i* w be cle>$ up 9 ! ,si5ese s*ool1 & bo? !re & else:]e ,i %all "q ! au?ority ( any au?or :o ei!r greatly comm5ds or und]rates him4 ,f a defici5cy ( specim5s1 l ^? above record$1 pa9t+ long rema9$ 9 a m rude /ate ?an mosaic1 & 0 v f> beh9d sculpture4 ,b we mu/ n imag9e1 t at ! bir? ( ,cimabue1 9 #abdj1 ! race ( arti/s 0 entirely ext9ct1 z errone\sly ass]t$ by ,vas>i3 ?is mu/ be deem$ an exagg]ation1 = he himself has rec\nt$ sev]al sculptors1 ar*itects1 & pa9t]s !n liv+2 & ! g5]al scope ( 8 less cauti\s expressions1 aga9/ :i* s _m writ]s h inveigh$1 & /ill cont9ue to declaim1 fav\rs ?is op9ion4 ,i %all be con/ra9$ to adv]t1 9 almo/ e book1 to _! accusations1 & to produce ! names ( ! arti/s :o !n liv$4 ,i %all comm5ce ) ^? :o !n fl\ri%$ 9 ,tuscany4 ,! city ( ,pisa1 at ?is "t1 _h n only pa9t]s1 b a s*ool = ea* ( ! f9e arts#ch4 ,! di/+ui%$ ,signor ,morrona1 :o has illu/rat$ ! ,pisan antiquities1 d$uces its orig9 imm$iately f ,greece4 ,! ,pisans1 already v p[]ful by sea & l&1 hav+ resolv$ 9 #ajfc to erect ! va/ fabric ( _! ca!dral1 _h drawn ?i!r arti/s 9 m9iature1 & o!r pa9t]s1 at ! same "t ) ,bus*etto ! ar*itect1 & ^! m5 educat$ pupils = ! city4 ,! ,greeks at t "t 7 b ill qualifi$ to in/ruct1 = !y knew little4 ,_! fir/ pupils 9 ,pisa seem to h be5 a few anonym\s arti/s1 "s ( ^: m9iatures & rude pa9t+s are /ill 9 exi/5ce4 ,a p>*m5t1 conta9+ ! exultet1 z usually sung on ,sabbato ,santo1 is 9 ! ca!dral1 & we may "h & !re obs]ve1 pa9t$ on x1 figures 9 m9iature1 ) plants & animals3 x is a relique ( ! e>ly "p ( ! twelf? c5tury1 yet a specim5 ( art n altoge!r b>b>\s4 ,!re are likewise "s o!r pa9t+s ( t c5tury 9 ! same ca!dral1 conta9+ figures ( our ,lady1 ) ! holy infant on h] "r arm3 !y are rude1 b ! progress ( ! same s*ool may be trac$ f !m to ! "t ( ,giunta4 ,?is arti/ lately receiv$ a f9e eulogium1 among o!r illu/ri\s ,pisans1 f ,signor ,tempe/a1 & he 0 fully entitl$ to x f ! m e>ly hi/orians4 ,8 c\ntry possesses none ( 8 und\bt$ pictures1 except a crucifixion ) 8 "n1 :i* is believ$ to be among 8 e>lie/ productions1 a pr9t f :i* may be f\nd 9 ! ?ird volume ( ,pisa ,illu/rata4 ,he execut$ bett] pictures 9 ,assisi1 :]e he 0 invit$ to pa9t by ,frat' ,elia di ,cortona1 sup]ior ( ! ,m9ori1 ab\t ! ye> #abcj4 ,f !nce we are furni%$ ) notices ( 8 education1 :i* is ?us describ$ by ,p4 ,angeli1 ! ,hi/orian ( t ca!dral3 ,juncta ,pisanus rudit] a ,graecis in/ructus1 primus ex ,italis1 artem appreh5dit circa ,an4 ,sal4 #abaj4 ,9 ! *ur* ( ! ,angioli !re is a bett] pres]v$ "w ( ! same ma/]2 x is a crucifixion1 pa9t$ on a wood5 cross2 on ! lat]al edges & upp] surface ( :i* our ,lady is repres5t$1 ) two o!r half-l5g? figures1 & und]nea? ! rema9s ( an inscription are legible1 :i* hav+ copi$ on ! spot1 ,i d n hesitate to publi% ) its defici5cies n[ suppli$3 ,ivn,t,a ,p,i,s,an,u,s ,ivn,,t9i ,,me ,fecit4 ,i supply ,junt9i1 because ,signor da ,morrona ass]ts1#ci t ab\t ?is "t1 a ,giunta da ,giunt9o is m5tion$ 9 ! records ( ,pisa1 :om by ! aid ( ! ,assisi inscription1 ,i conjecture to be ! pa9t] we h n[ "u notice4 ,! figures are consid]ably less ?an life2 ! design is dry1 ! f+]s excessively long1 b ^! are vitia non hom9um s$ temporum2 9 %ort1 ?is piece %ews a k ( ! nak$ figure1 an expression ( pa9 9 ! heads1 & a disposition ( ! drap]y1 greatly sup]ior to ! ef=ts ( ! ,greeks1 8 contempor>ies4 ,! h&l+ ( 8 col\rs is /rong1 al?\gh ! fle% incl9es to t ( bronze2 ! local t9ts are judici\sly v>i$1 ! *i>oscuro ev5 %ews "s art1 & ! :ole is n inf]ior1 except 9 ! proportions1 to crucifixions ) simil> half figures usually ascrib$ to ,cimabue4 ,he pa9t$ at ,assisi ano!r crucifixion1 :i* is n[ lo/1 to :i* may be add$1 a portrait ( ,frat' ,elia1 ) ?is inscription1 ,f4 ,helias fecit fi]i4 ,jesu ,*ri/e pie mis]]e precantis ,heliae4 ,juncta ,pisanus me p9xit1 ,an4 ,d4 #abcf4 ,indit4 ,,ix4 ,! inscription has be5 pres]v$ by ,p4 ,wad+o 9 8 annals ( ! ,franciscan ord] = t ye>1 & ! hi/orian describes ! crucifixion z affabre pictum4 ,! fresco works ( ,giunta 7 execut$ 9 ! great *ur* ( ! ,franciscans1 & accord+ to ,vas>i he 0 !re assi/$ by c]ta9 ,greeks4 ,"s bu/s & hi/ory pieces /ill rema9 9 ! gall]y & ! contigu\s *apels1 among :i* is ! crucifixion ( ,san ,pietro1 notic$ 9 ! ,etruria ,pittrice4 ,"s believe t ^? pa9t+s h be5 "h & !re injudici\sly ret\*$1 & ?is may s]ve to excuse ! draw+1 :i* may h be5 alt]$ 9 _m places1 b ! feebl5ess ( ! col\r+ _c be d5i$4 ,:5 !y are comp>$ ) :at ,cimabue execut$ !re ab\t =ty ye>s aft]w>ds1 x seems t ,giunta 0 n suffici5tly =cible 9 ?is species ( pa9t+2 p]haps he might h improv$1 b he is n m5tion$ aft] #abce2 & x is conjectur$ t he di$ :ile yet a "y man1 at a di/ance f 8 native c\ntry4 ,i am induc$ to believe s f obs]v+1 t ,giunta di ,giunt9o is notic$ 9 ! records ( ,pisa1 9 ! e>ly "p ( t c5tury1 b n aft]w>ds2 & t ,cimabue 0 s5t = to pa9t ! alt>-piece & portrait ( ,san ,francesco ( ,pisa1 ab\t ! ye> #abfe1 be=e he w5t to ,assisi4 ,x is m likely t ,giunta w\ld h execut$ ?is1 _h he return$ home f t city1 :]e he _h se5 & p]haps pa9t$ ! portrait ( ! ,holy ,fa!r4#dj ,f ?is s*ool ! art is believ$ to h spread 9 ^! e>ly times ov] all ,tuscany1 al?\gh x mu/ n be =gott5 t !re 7 m9iature pa9t]s !re z well z 9 ! o!r p>ts ( ,italy1 :o1 transf]r+ _! art f small to l>ge works1 l ,franco ( ,bologna1 betook !mselves1 & incit$ o!rs to pa9t+ on walls & on panel4 ,:atev] we may *oose to believe1 ,si5a1 at ?is p]iod1 c\ld boa/ h] ,guido1 :o pa9t$ f ! ye> #abba1 b n entirely 9 ! mann] ( ! ,greeks1 z we %all f9d "u ! ,si5ese s*ool4 ,lucca possess$ 9 #abce "o ,bonav5tura ,b]l+i]i4 ,a ,san ,francesco pa9t$ by him /ill exi/s 9 ! ca/le ( ,guiglia1 n f> f ,mod5a1 :i* is describ$ z a "w ( great m]it = t age4#da ,!re liv$ ano!r arti/ ab\t ! ye> #abhh1 kn[n by 8 production ( a crucifixion :i* he left at ,san ,c]bone1 a %ort di/ance f ! city ) ?is inscription2 ,deodatus filius ,orl&i de ,luca me p9xit1 ,a4 ,d4 #abhh4 ,m>g>itone ( ,arezzo 0 a disciple & imitator ( ! ,greeks1 & by all acc\nts he mu/ h be5 born sev]al ye>s be=e ,cimabue4 ,he pa9t$ on canvas1 & if we may cr$it ,vas>i1 made ! fir/ discov]y ( a me?od ( r5d]+ 8 pictures m durable1 & less liable to crack+4 ,he ext5d$ canvas on ! panel1 lay+ x d[n ) a /rong glue1 made ( %r$s ( p>*m5t1 & cov]$ ! :ole ) a gr\nd ( gypsum1 be=e he began to pa9t4 ,he =m$ diadems & o!r ornam5ts ( pla/]1 giv+ !m relief f gild+ & burni%+ !m4 ,"s ( 8 crucifixions rema9 9 ,arezzo1 & "o ( !m is 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,holy ,cross at ,flor5ce1 ne> ano!r by ,cimabue2 bo? are 9 ! old mann]1 & n s diff]5t 9 po9t ( m]it1 b t ,m>g>itone1 h[ev] rude1 may be pron\nc$ z well entitl$ z ,cimabue to ! "n ( pa9t]4 ,:ile ! neighb\r+ cities _h made approa*es t[>ds ! new /yle1 ,flor5ce1 if we are to cr$it ,vas>i & 8 foll[]s1 0 )\t a pa9t]2 b subsequ5t to ! ye> #abej "s ,greek pa9t]s 7 invit$ to ,flor5ce by ! rul]s ( ! city1 = ! express purpose ( re/or+ ! art ( pa9t+ 9 ,flor5ce1 :]e x 0 r :olly lo/ ?an deg5]at$4 ,to ?is ass]tion ,i h to oppose ! le>n$ diss]tation ( ,doctor ,lami1 :i* ,i h j comm5d$4 ,lami obs]ves1 t m5tion is made 9 ! ar*ives ( ! *apt]s ( "o ,b>tolommeo :o pa9t$ 9 #abcf1 & t ! picture ( ! ,annunciation ( our ,lady1 :i* is held 9 ! highe/ v5]ation 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,s]vi1 0 pa9t$ ab\t t p]iod4 ,x is ret\*$ 9 "s p>ts ( ! drap]y2 x possesses1 h[ev]1 mu* orig9ality1 & = t age is respectably execut$4 ,:5 ,i prep>$ my fir/ edition ,i _h no k ( ! "w ( ,lami1 :i* 0 n !n publi%$1 & h5ce 0 unable to proce$ fur!r ?an to refute ! op9ion ( ^? :o ascrib$ ?is sacr$ figure to ,cavall9i1 a pupil ( ,giotto4 ,i reflect$ t ! /yle ( ,cavall9i appe>$ consid]ably m mod]n 9 8 o!r works :i* ,i _h exam9$ at ,assisi1 & at ,flor5ce2 yet1 v>i\s arti/s :om ,i consult$1 & among o!rs ,signor ,pac9i1 :o _h copi$ ! ,annunciation1 disput$ ) me ?is div]sity ( /yle4 ,i fur!r adduc$ ! =m ( ! *>act]s writt5 !re 9 a book1 ,ecce ,virgo concipiet1 c4 :i* resemble ^? ( ! ?irte5? c5tury2 nor h !y t pr(usion ( l9es :i* di/+ui%es ! ,g]man1 commonly d5om9at$ ! ,go?ic "*1 :i* ,cavall9i & o!r pupils ( ,giotto always employ$4 ,i rejoice t ! op9ion ( ,lami confirms my conjecture1 & /amps its au!nticity2 & x seems to me highly probable t ! ,b>tolommeo1 :om he indicates1 is ! individual to :om ! memor&ums ( ! ,s]vi ascribe ! production ( _! ,annunciation ab\t ! ye> #abej4 ,! same religi\s frat]nity pres]ve1 among _! anci5t pa9t+s1 a ,magdal51 :i* appe>s f ! design & inscription1 a "w ( ! ?irte5? c5tury2 & we might in/ance sev]al coeval pictures t /ill exi/ 9 _! *apt] h\se1 & 9 o!r p>ts ( ! city4#db ,hav+ ins]t$ ^! notices ( anci5t pa9t]s1 & "s o!rs1 :i* w be f\nd scatt]$ ?r\gh\t ! "w1 ,i turn to ,vas>i1 & to ! accusations laid to 8 *>ge4 ,he is def5d$ by ,monsignor ,bott>i 9 a note at ! conclusion ( ! life ( ,m>g>itone1 tak5 f ,bald9ucci4 ,he affirms1 f 8 own obs]vation1 ,t ?\gh ea* city _h "s pa9t]s1 !y 7 all z contemptible & b>b>\s z ,m>g>itone1 :o1 if comp>$ to ,cimabue1 is unwor?y ( ! "n ( pa9t]4 ,! examples already cit$ d n p]mit me to ass5t to ?is proposition2 ev5 ,bott>i himself w sc>cely all[ me to d s1 z he obs]ves1 9 ano!r note on ! life ( ,cimabue1 ,t he 0 ! fir/ :o ab&on$ ! mann] ( ! ,greeks1 or at lea/ :o avoid$ x m completely ?an any o!r arti/4 ,b if o!rs1 su* z ,guido1 ,bonav5tura1 & ,giunta1 _h fre$ !mselves f x be=e 8 "t1 :y are !y n record$ z ! fir/1 9 po9t ( "t1 by ,vas>i8 ,did n _! example op5 ! new pa? to ,cimabue8 ,did !y n af=d a ray ( light to reviv+ art8 ,7 !y n 9 pa9t+ :at ! two ,guidos 7 9 poetry1 :o1 h[ev] mu* surpass$ by ,dante1 are entitl$ to ! fir/ place 9 a hi/ory ( our poets8 ,vas>i w\ld !re=e h act$ bett] _h he foll[$ ! example ( ,pl9y1 :o comm5ces ) ! rude design]s1 ,ardices ( ,cor9?1 & ,telephanes ( ,sicyon2 he !n m9utely n>rates ! inv5tion ( ,cleophantes ! ,cor9?ian1 :o col\r$ 8 designs ) burnt e>?2 next1 t ( ,eum>us ! ,a!nian1 :o fir/ repres5t$ ! di/9ction ( age & sex4 ,!n comes t ( ,cimon ( ,cleonae1 :o fir/ express$ ! v>i\s attitudes ( ! head1 & aim$ at repres5t+ ! tru?1 ev5 9 ! jo9ts ( ! f+]s & ! folds ( ! g>m5ts4 ,?us1 ! m]its ( ea* city1 & e arti/1 appe> 9 anci5t hi/ory2 & x seems to me j1 t ! same %\ld be done1 z f> z possible1 9 mod]n hi/ory4 ,^! obs]vations may1 at pres5t1 suffice 9 reg>d to a subject t has be5 made a s\rce ( compla9t & dispute among _m writ]s4 ,nev]!less x _c be d5i$ t !re is no city to :i* pa9t+ is m indebt$ ?an to ,flor5ce1 nor any "n m prop] to m>k an epo*1 :atev] may be ! op9ion ( ,padre della ,valle1#dc ?an t ( ,cimabue4 ,! arti/s :om ,i h be=e m5tion$ _h few foll[]s2 _! s*ools1 ) ! exception ( t ( ,si5a1 langui%$1 & 7 ei!r gradually disp]s$1 or unit$ !mselves to t ( ,flor5ce4 ,?is s*ool 9 a %ort "t eclips$ e o!r1 & has cont9u$ to fl\ri% 9 a pr\d succession ( arti/s1 un9t]rupt$ ev5 d[n to our own days4 ,let u !n trace x f its comm5cem5t4 ,giovanni ,cimabue1 desc5d$ f illu/ri\s ance/ors1#dd 0 bo? an ar*itect & a pa9t]4 ,t he 0 ! pupil ( ,giunta is conjectur$ 9 our times1 only because ! ,greeks 7 less skilful ?an ! ,italians4 ,x ought to be a previ\s "q1 :e!r ! suppos$ s*ol> & ma/] ev] resid$ 9 ! same place1 :i* x w\ld seem1 aft] ! obs]vations be=e adduc$1 c sc>cely be admitt$4#de ,x appe>s f hi/ory1 t he le>nt ! art f "s ,greeks :o 7 invit$ to ,flor5ce1 & pa9t$ 9 ,s4 ,m>ia ,novella1 accord+ to ,vas>i4 ,x is an error to ass]t t !y pa9t$ 9 ! *apel ( ! ,gondi1 :i* 0 built a c5tury aft]1 toge!r ) ! *ur*2 x 0 c]ta9ly 9 ano!r *apel1 "u ! *ur*1 :]e ^? ,greek pa9t+s 7 cov]$ ) plai/]1 & _! place suppli$ by o!rs1 ! "w ( a pa9t] ( ! ?irte5? c5tury4#df ,n long s9ce a "p ( ! new plai/] fell d[n1 & "s ( ! v rude figures ( ^? ,greek pa9t]s became aga9 visible4 ,x is probable t ,cimabue imitat$ !m 9 e>ly life1 & p]haps at t "t pa9t$ ! ,s4 ,francesco & ! little leg5ds :i* surr\nd x 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,croce4 ,b1 if ,i mi/ake n1 x is d\btful :o pa9t$ ?is picture2 at lea/ x nei!r has ! mann] nor ! col\r+ ( ! works ( ,cimabue1 ev5 :5 "y4 ,i may ref] to ! ,s4 ,cecilia1 ) ! implem5ts ( h] m>tyrdom1 9 ! *ur* d$icat$ to t ,sa9t1 & :i* 0 aft]w>ds remov$ to t ( ,san ,/efano1 a picture greatly sup]ior to t ( ,s4 ,francesco4 ,h[ev] ?is may be1 l o!r ,italians ( 8 age1 ,giovanni got ! bett] ( 8 ,greek education1 :i* seems to h consi/$ 9 "o arti/ copy+ ano!r )\t ev] add+ any ?+ to ! practice ( 8 ma/]4 ,he consult$ nature1 he correct$ 9 "p ! rectil9e> =ms ( 8 design1 he gave expression to ! heads1 he fold$ ! drap]y1 & he gr\p$ ! figures ) mu* great] art ?an ! ,greeks4 ,8 tal5t did n consi/ 9 ! graceful4 ,8 ,madonnas h no beauty1 8 angels 9 ! same piece h all ! same =ms4 ,wild z ! age 9 :i* he liv$1 he succe$$ admirably 9 heads full ( "*1 especially 9 ^? ( old m51 impress+ an indescribable degree ( bold sublimity1 :i* ! mod]ns h n be5 able greatly to surpass4 ,va/ & inv5tive 9 conception1 he execut$ l>ge compositions1 & express$ !m 9 gr& proportions4 ,8 two great alt>-pieces ( ! ,madonna1 at ,flor5ce1 ! "o 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,dom9icans1 ! o!r 9 t ( ! ,tr9ity1 ) ! gr& figures ( ! prophets1 d n give s good an idea ( 8 /yle z 8 fresco pa9t+s 9 ! *ur* ( ,assisi1 :]e he appe>s truly magnific5t = ! age 9 :i* he liv$4 ,9 ^! hi/ories ( ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5t1 su* z rema91 he appe>s an ,ennius1 :o1 amid ! rud5ess ( ,roman epic poetry1 gave fla%es ( g5ius n displeas+ to a ,virgil4 ,vas>i speaks ( him ) admiration = ! vig\r ( 8 col\r+1 & ju/ly s ( ! pictures 9 ! ceil+4 ,!y are /ill 9 a good /ate ( pres]vation1 & al?\gh "s ( ! figures ( ,*ri/1 & ( ! ,virg9 9 p>ticul>1 reta9 mu* ( ! ,greek mann]1 o!rs repres5t+ ! ,evangeli/s1 & ,doctors in/ruct+ ! ,monks ( ! ,franciscan ,ord]1 f _! *airs1 exhibit an orig9ality ( conception & arrangem5t t does n appe> 9 contempor>y works4 ,! col\r+ is bold1 ! proportions are gigantic ev5 9 ! di/ance1 & n badly pres]v$2 9 %ort1 pa9t+ may !re be said to h almo/ advanc$ beyond :at ! mosaic work] at fir/ attempt$ to d4 ,! :ole ( ^!1 inde$1 are /eps 9 ! progress ( ! human intellect n to be rec\nt$ 9 "o hi/ory1 & =m beyond "q ! di/+ui%+ excell5ce ( ! ,flor5t9e arti/1 :5 put into competition ) ei!r ! ,pisans or ! ,si5ese4 ,nor d ,i p]ceive h[1 aft] ! au?ority ( ,vas>i1 :o assigns ! "w ( ! ceil+ to ,cimabue1 confirm$ by ! tradition ( five c5turies1 ,p4 della ,valle is ju/ifi$ at ?is day1 9 ascrib+ t pa9t+ to ,giotto1 a pa9t] ( a mild] g5ius4 ,if he 0 induc$ to pref] o!r arti/s to ,cimabue1 because !y gave ! eyes less fi]c5ess1 & ! nose a f9] %ape1 ^! circum/ances appe> to me too insignificant to degrade ,cimabue f t rank :i* he enjoys 9 imp>tial hi/ory4#dg ,he has moreov] ass]t$1 t ,cimabue nei!r promot$ nor injur$ ! ,flor5t9e s*ool by 8 productions1 a h>% judgm5t1 9 ! op9ion ( ^? :o h p]us$ s _m old writ]s belong+ to ! city :o h celebrat$ 8 m]its1 & ( ^? :o h /udi$ ! works ( ! ,flor5t9e arti/s be=e 8 "t1 & se5 h[ greatly ,cimabue surpasses !m4 ,if ,cimabue 0 ! ,mi*elangiolo ( t age1 ,giotto 0 ! ,raffaello4 ,pa9t+1 9 8 h&s1 became s elegant1 t none ( 8 s*ool1 nor ( any o!r1 till ! "t ( ,masaccio1 surpass$1 or ev5 equall$ him1 at lea/ 9 gracefulness ( mann]4 ,giotto 0 born 9 ! c\ntry1 & 0 br$ a %eph]d2 b he 0 likewise born a pa9t]2 & cont9ually ex]cis$ 8 g5ius 9 del9eat+ "s object or o!r ar\nd him4 ,a %eep :i* he _h drawn on a flat /one1 aft] nature1 attract$ ! notice ( ,cimabue1 :o by *ance pass$ t way3 he dem&$ leave ( 8 fa!r to take him to ,flor5ce1 t he might af=d him in/ruction2 confid5t1 t 9 him1 he 0 ab\t to raise up a new ornam5t to ! art4 ,giotto comm5c$ by imitat+ 8 ma/]1 b quickly surpass$ him4 ,an ,annunciation1 9 ! possession ( ! ,fa!rs ( ,badia1 is "o ( 8 e>lie/ works4 ,! /yle is some:at dry1 b %ews a grace & dilig5ce1 t ann\nc$ ! improvem5t we aft]w>ds disc]n4 ,?r\gh him symmetry became m *a/e1 design m pleas+1 & col\r+ s(t] ?an be=e4 ,! meagre h&s1 ! %>p po9t$ feet1 & />+ eyes1 remnants ( ! ,grecian mann]1 all acquir$ m correctness "u him4 ,x is n possible to assign ! cause ( ?is transition1 z we are able to d 9 ! case ( lat] pa9t]s2 b x is reasonable to conclude t x 0 n :olly produc$1 ev5 by ! almo/ div9e g5ius ( ?is arti/1 unaid$ by adv5titi\s circum/ances4 ,!re is no necessity = s5d+ him1 z "s h done1 to be in/ruct$ at ,pisa2 8 hi/ory does n w>rant x1 & an hi/orian is n a div9]4 ,mu* less ought we to ref] him to ! s*ool ( ,f4 ,jacopo da ,turrita1 & give him ,memmi & ,lor5zetti = fell[ pupils1 :o are n kn[n to h be5 9 ,rome :5 ,f4 ,jacopo 0 di/+ui%$ = 8 be/ mann]4 ,b ,p4 della ,valle ?9ks he discov]s 9 ,giotto's fir/ pa9t+1 ! /yle & composition ( ,giunta1 7,preface to ,vas>i1 p4 #ag17 & 9 ! pictures ( ,giotto at ,s4 ,croce1 9 ,flor5ce1 :i* he has m$itat$ ^u a hundr$ times1 he recognizes ,f4 ,jacopo1 & f9ds reason = op9+ t he 0 ! ma/] ( ,giotto4 7,vide tom4 ii4 p4 #gh47 ,:5 a p]son becomes atta*$ to a sy/em1 he (t5 sees & op9es :at no "o else c possibly see or op9e4 ,9 ! same mann] ,bald9ucci wi%$ to ref] to ! s*ool ( ,giotto1 "o ,duccio da ,si5a1 ,vital di ,bologna1 & _m o!rs1 z w be notic$2 & he too argues ^u a resemblance ( /yle1 :i*1 to say tru?1 nei!r ,i nor any "o ,i "k c p]ceive4 ,if ,i _c !n agree ) ,bald9ucci1 c ,i value 8 imitator8 & m p>ticul>ly z x is no "q "h ( ,vitale1 or any o!r arti/ ( m$iocrity1 almo/ unkn[n to hi/ory1 b ( ,giotto himself4 ,is x likely1 ) a g5ius su* z 81 & born 9 an age n :olly b>b>\s1 ) ! advantages enjoy$ "u ,cimabue1 especially 9 po9t ( col\r+1 t he w\ld take ,giunta = 8 model1 or li/5 to ! in/ruction ( ,fra ,m9o1 9 ord] to excel 8 ma/]4 ,besides1 :at advantage c be obta9$ f ?us di/urb+ ! ord] ( *ronology1 violat+ hi/ory1 & reject+ ! tradition ( ,giotto's native s*ool1 9 ord] to acc\nt = 8 new /yle8 ,x is mo/ probable t1 z ! great ,mi*elangiolo1 by modell+ & /udy+ ! antique1 quickly surpass$ 9 pa9t+ 8 ma/]1 ,ghirl&aio1 ! same occurr$ ) reg>d to ,giotto4 ,x is at lea/ kn[n t he 0 also a sculptor1 & t 8 models 7 pres]v$ till ! "t ( ,lor5zo ,ghib]ti4 ,nor 0 he )\t good examples4 ,!re 7 specim5s ( antique sculpture at ,flor5ce1 :i* may be yet se5 ne> ! ca!dral1 7n to m5tion ^? :i* he aft]w>ds saw at ,rome72 & _! m]it1 !n already e/abli%$ by ! practice ( ,niccola & ,giovanni ( ,pisa1 c\ld n be unkn[n to ,giotto1 to :om nature _h grant$ su* a ta/e = ! exquisite & ! beautiful4 ,:5 "o contemplates "s ( 8 heads ( m52 "s ( 8 =ms1 proportion$ f> beyond ! littl5ess ( 8 contempor>ies2 8 ta/e 9 fl[+1 natural1 & becom+ drap]y2 "s ( 8 attitudes aft] ! mann] ( ! antique1 brea?+ grace & tranquillity1 x is sc>ce possible to d\bt t he d]iv$ no small advantage f anci5t sculpture4 ,8 v defects discov] ?is4 ,a good writ] 7! au?or ( ! ,guide ( ,bologna7 rem>ks 9 him a /yle :i* p>takes ( /atu>y1 contr>y to ! practice ( contempor>y =eign arti/s2 a circum/ance v common1 z we %all obs]ve1 "u ! ,roman s*ool1 to ^? pa9t]s :o design$ f /atues4 ,i %all be told t he probably d]iv$ assi/ance f ! sculpture ( ! two ,pisani2 especially z ,bald9ucci has discov]$ a /rong resemblance betwe5 8 /yle & t ( ,giovanni1 & "s o!rs also h notic$ ! circul> compositions1 ! proportions & ca/+ ( ! drap]y :i* "o p]ceives 9 ! basso-relievos ( ! e>ly ,pisan s*ool4 ,i w\ld n d5y t he also avail$ himself ( !m2 b x 0 p]haps 9 ! mann] t ,raffaello pr(it$ by ,mi*elangiolo1 ^: example taught him to imitate ! antique4 ,nor let x be object$ to me t ! dryness ( ! design1 ! artifice ( conceal+ ! feet by long g>m5ts1 ! inaccuracy ( ! extremities1 & simil> defects1 betray r a ,pisan ?an an ,attic orig94 ,?is only proves1 t :5 he became ! f\nd] ( a /yle1 he did n aim at giv+ x ! p]fection ( :i* x 0 susceptible1 & :i* x c\ld h>dly be expect$ to obta9 amid ! num]\s avocations 9 :i* he appe>s to h be5 engag$2 9 %ort1 ,i _c p]suade myself1 t )\t ! imitation ( ! antique1 he c\ld 9 s %ort a "t h made su* a progress1 z to h be5 admir$ ev5 by ,bon>ruoti himself4#dh ,! fir/ hi/ories ( ! patri>* ,s4 ,francesco1 at ,assisi1 ne> ! pa9t+s ( 8 ma/]1 %ew h[ greatly he excell$ him4 ,z 8 "w advanc$ he became m correct2 & t[>ds ! conclusion1 he already manife/$ a design m v>i$ 9 ! c\nt5ances1 & improv$ 9 ! extremities2 ! features are m animat$1 ! attitudes m +5i\s1 & ! l&scape m natural4 ,to "o :o exam9es !m ) att5tion1 ! composition appe>s ! mo/ surpris+2 a bran* ( ! art1 9 :i* he seems n only to surpass himself1 b ev5 sometimes appe>s unrivall$4 ,9 _m hi/orical pictures1 he (t5 aim$ at ornam5t+ ) build+s1 :i* he pa9t$ ( a r$1 or azure1 or a yell[1 ! col\rs employ$ 9 /a9+ h\ses1 or ( a dazzl+ :ite1 9 imitation ( ,p>ian m>ble4 ,"o ( 8 be/ pictures 9 ?is "w is t ( a ?ir/y p]son1 to ! expression ( :i* sc>cely any ?+ c\ld be add$ by ! animat+ p5cil ( ,raffaello d',urb9o himself4 ,) simil> skill he pa9t$ 9 ! inf]ior *ur*1 & ?is is p]haps ! be/ p]=mance :i* has rea*$ our times1 ?\gh specim5s rema9 9 ,rav5na1 9 ,padua1 9 ,rome1 9 ,flor5ce1 & 9 ,pisa4 ,x is assur$ly ! mo/ spirit$ ( all1 = he has !re1 ) ! mo/ poetical images1 depict$ ! sa9t %unn+ vice1 & a foll[] ( virtue2 x is my op9ion t he "h gave ! fir/ example ( symbolical pa9t+1 s famili> to 8 be/ foll[]s4 ,8 inv5tions1 :i*1 accord+ to ! cu/om ( ! age1 7 employ$ 9 scripture hi/ory1 are repeat$ by him 9 ne>ly ! same /yle 9 sev]al places2 & are g5]ally mo/ pleas+ :5 ! proportions ( ! figures are ! lea/4 ,8 small pictures ( ! ,acts ( ,/4 ,pet] & ,/4 ,paul1 ) "s repres5tations ( our ,savi\r1 & ( v>i\s sa9ts1 9 ! sacri/y ( ! ,vatican1 appe> mo/ elegant & highly f9i%$ m9iatures2 z likewise are "s o!rs 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,holy ,cross at ,flor5ce1 tak5 f scriptural hi/ory1 or f ! life ( ,/4 ,francis4 ,! real art ( portrait pa9t+ comm5c$ ) him2 to :om we are indebt$ = correct lik5esses ( ,dante1 ( ,brunetto ,lat9i1 & ( ,corso ,donati4 ,x 0 inde$ be=e attempt$1 b1 accord+ to ,vas>i1 no "o _h succe$$4 ,he also improv$ ! art ( work+ 9 mosaic2 a piece wr\ght by him 9 ! ,navicella1 or %ip ( ,/4 ,pet]1 may be se5 9 ! portico ( t ca!dral2 b x has be5 s mu* repair$1 t n[ ! design is :olly diff]5t1 & appe>s ! "w ( ano!r arti/4 ,x is believ$ t ! art ( m9iature pa9t+1 s mu* priz$ 9 t age = ! ornam5t+ ( missals1 receiv$ great improvem5t f him4#di ,ar*itecture und\bt$ly did2 ! admirable belfry ( ! ca!dral ( ,flor5ce is ! "w ( ,giotto4 ,aft] collect+ all ! notices he c\ld ( ! s*ol>s ( ,cimabue & ,giotto1 ,bald9ucci endeav\rs to make u believe t all ! b5efits :i* accru$ to pa9t+1 sculpture1 & ar*itecture 9 ,italy1 & ev5 ?r\gh\t ! _w1 came directly or indirectly f ,flor5ce4 ,! foll[+ is ! mann] 9 :i* he expresses himself 9 8 fir/ pages1 ) ! pro(s :i* he adduces4 ,dur+ my rese>*es1 ,i h asc]ta9$ beyond all d\bt ! tru? ( an op9ion ,i always consid]$ z indisputable1 & :i* is n controv]t$ by respectable anci5t hi/orians2 t ^! arts 9 ! fir/ place 7 re/or$ by ,cimabue & ,giotto1 & aft]w>ds diffus$ ov] ! _w by _! disciples2 & ,i conceiv$ ! idea ( mak+ x evid5t by ! help ( a tree1 :i* at a glance might %ew _! progress f ! e>lie/ to ! pres5t times4 ,he publi%$ ! fir/ small "p ( ?is tree1 j z ,i exhibit x to ! read]2 & promis$ 9 ea* succe$+ volume to give ano!r "p1 t w\ld e/abli% ! connexion ) ! pr9cipal root 7,cimabue71 or ) ! bran*es d]iv$ f x2 a promise f :i* he adroitly deliv]$ himself2 !re=e we are )\t any m ?an ^! few bran*es t foll[3 ,,cimabue4 ,arnolfo1 ,od]igi1 ,gaddo4 ,tafi1 ,giotto1 ,ugol9o4 ,franco ,f4 ,ri/oro1 ,bolognese1 ,f4 ,si/o1 ,fra ,m9o1 ,gio4 ,pisano a m9iature & a work] a sculptor pa9t]4 ,f4 ,giovanni1 9 & ar*itects4 mosaic4 ar*itect4 ,b ) all 8 pa9s he has n satisfi$ ! public expectation1 z is obs]v$ by ,signor ,piac5za1 :o publi%$ ! spl5did ,tur9 edition ( ,bald9ucci z f> z ! life ( ,franciabigio1 accompani$ ) v useful notes & diss]tations4#ej ,x is alleg$1 t to make ?is tree fair & fl\ri%+1 he has ins]t$ 9 x bran*es dext]\sly /ol5 f 8 neighb\rs1 :o h n fail$ to reclaim _! prop]ty4 ,i rejoice to write 9 an age :5 ! op9ions ( ,bald9ucci h few foll[]s ev5 9 ,flor5ce4 ,! excell5t "w entitl$ ,etruria ,pittrice1 compos$ & applaud$ 9 t city 9 proportion z x is free f ! prejudice ( =m] times1 proves ?is suffici5tly4 ,foll[+ 9 l mann] ! light ( hi/ory & ( reason1 unsway$ by p>ty _s1 ,i %all 9 ! fir/ place obs]ve1 t among all ! s*ol>s ( ,cimabue1 ,i d n f9d any nam$ by ,vas>i1 b ,giotto & ,arnolfo di ,lapo1 conc]n+ :om x is c]ta9 t ! hi/orian 0 9 error4 ,lapo & ,arnolfo are ! names ( two diff]5t sculptors1 disciples ( ,niccolo ,pisano1 :o1 be+ already v]s$ 9 ! art1 assi/$ him 9 #abff to adorn ) hi/ory pieces ! pulpit ( ! ca!dral at ,si5a1 an au!ntic docum5t ( :i* rema9s 9 ! ar*ives ( ! "w4#ea ,?us ?is bran* ( ! tree belongs to ,pisa1 unless ,cimabue h a claim to x1 by contribut+ 9 "s degree to ! in/ruction ( ,arnolfo 9 ! pr9ciples ( ar*itecture4 ,&rea ,tafi 0 ! pupil ( ,apollonius1 a ,greek arti/1 & assi/$ him 9 ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,john1 9 "s pieces ( mosaic1 f scriptural hi/ory1 :i*1 accord+ to ,vas>i1 are )\t inv5tion & )\t design2 b he improv$ z he proce$$1 = ! la/ "p ( ! "w 0 less despicable ?an ! beg9n+4 ,cimabue is n nam$ 9 ^! works1 nor 9 :at ,tafi aft]w>ds execut$ )\t assi/ance2 & z he 0 old :5 ,cimabue began to tea*1 ,i _c conceive h[ he c be reckon$ ! s*ol> ( ! latt]1 or a bran* f t root4 ,gaddo ,gaddi1 says ,vas>i1 0 contempor>y ) ,cimabue1 & 0 8 intimate fri5d1 z well z t ( ,tafi2 ?r\gh _! fri5d%ip he receiv$ h9ts = 8 improvem5t 9 mosaic4 ,at fir/ he foll[$ ! mann] ( ! ,greeks1 m+l$ ) t ( ,cimabue4 ,aft] long work+ 9 ?is mann]1 he w5t to ,rome1 & !re improv$ 8 /yle1 :ile employ$ on ! facade ( ,s4 ,m>ia ,maggiore1 by 8 own g5ius1 assi/$ 9 my op9ion by imitat+ ! anci5t work]s 9 mosaic4 ,he also pa9t$ "s alt>-pieces1 & ,i saw at ,flor5ce "o ( 8 crucifixions1 ( a squ>e figure1 & v respectable workman%ip4 ,?is circum/ance induces me to consid] ,gaddo1 9 "s measure1 among ! imitators ( ,cimabue1 b n "o ( 8 pupils2 = x appe>s to me unju/1 %\ld a contempor>y communicate ) an arti/ ei!r z a fri5d1 or = ! sake ( advice on ! art1 to set him imm$iately d[n z a bran* f t /ock4 ,vas>i relates ( ,ugol9o ,s5ese1 t he 0 a t5aci\s foll[] ( ! ,greek /yle1 & incl9$ m to imitate ,cimabue ?an ,giotto4 ,he does n on ?is acc\nt1 inde$1 expressly say1 t he _h be5 8 s*ol>2 he r h9ts t he _h o!r in/ructors at ,si5a1 = :i* reason x w be bett] to consid] him "u t s*ool1 !re be+ no reason to d\bt t he belong$ to x4 ,9 t ( ,bologna we %\ld also class ,od]igo1 :o1 z a m9iature pa9t]1 0 m likely to employ "s o!r ma/] ?an a pa9t] 9 fresco l ,cimabue4 ,9 ! mean "t x is useful to reflect1 t 7 ! me?od ( ,bald9ucci to be pursu$1 no?+ au!ntic w\ld rema9 9 a hi/ory ( pa9t+2 & ! s*ools ( ! e>ly ma/]s w\ld increase beyond all limits1 7 ! s*ol>s ( ea* ma/] to be conf\nd$ ) 8 fri5ds1 acqua9tances1 & contempor>ies1 :o paid att5tion to 8 maxims4 ,x is /ill m /range to p]use ! acc\nt ( ! connexion betwe5 ! fir/ & second>y bran*es ( ! tree1 or if "o may use ! expression1 betwe5 ! *ildr5 & gr&*ildr5 ( ,cimabue4 ,!re is no?+ natural 9 _! succession1 & ! lab\r is :olly useless :i* d]ives ! pr(essors ( e f9e art1 ( :atev] c\ntry1 pa/1 pres5t1 & to come1 f "o individual4 ,f4 ,ri/oro & ,f4 ,si/o 7 em95t ar*itects1 :o rebuilt ! gr& bridges ( ! ,c>raja & ! ,holy ,tr9ity1 ab\t #abfd1 :5 ,cimabue 0 tw5ty-f\r ye>s ( age4 ,bald9ucci writes ( bo?1 t !y 71 p]haps1 disciples or imitators ( ,arnolfo1 f ! /ate ( _! works4 ,b h[ comes he to f\nd on a p]haps1 :at he1 a little be=e1 _h vaunt$ z a cle> demon/ration8 ,& !n1 on :at does ?is p]haps re/8 ,is x n m probable t ,arnolfo1 & ,cimabue himself1 imitat$ !m8 ,t ,fra ,m9o da ,turrita %\ld appe> 9 8 tree z a s*ol> ( ,tafi1 & z po/]ior to ,cimabue1 is no less absurd4 ,9 #abbe1 a date omitt$ by ,bald9ucci1 ,m9o wr\ght 9 mosaic at ,flor5ce1 fifte5 ye>s be=e ,cimabue 0 born4 ,9 8 old age he comm5c$ a simil> "w 9 ! ca!dral ( ,pisa1 9 ! same /yle 9 :i* he _h execut$ 8 o!r lab\rs1 says ,vas>i1 :o adds1 t ,tafi & ,gaddi 7bo? 8 inf]iors 9 age & reputation7 assi/$ him4 ,! "w 0 little m ?an begun1 f :i* we may inf] t !y 7 n long associat$4 ,x seems to me extraord9>y h[ ,bald9ucci c\ld ass]t1 x appe>s t ,vas>i imag9$ t ,m9o 0 ! pupil ( ,&rea ,tafi1 :i* is contr>y to fact3 in/ead ( ! cle> demon/ration1 :i* he promis$1 he has amus$ u ) x appe>s1 :i* is evid5t only to himself4 ,at l5g?1 wi%+ to make u believe t ,giovanni ,pisano ! sculptor is a pupil ( ,giotto ! pa9t]1 he aga9 turns to ,vas>i1 f :om he br+s evid5ce t ,giovanni1 hav+ complet$ 8 "w 9 ! ca!dral ( ,arezzo1 & be+ !n e/abli%$ at ,orvieto1 came to ,flor5ce to exam9e ! ar*itecture ( ,s4 ,m>ia del ,fiore1 & to become acqua9t$ ) ,giotto3 he fur!r notices two pieces :i* he execut$ at ,flor5ce1 ! "o a ,madonna betwe5 two little angels1 ov] ! gate ( ! ca!dral2 ! o!r a small baptism ( ,/4 ,john2 ?is happ5$ 9 #abig4 ,"h ,bald9ucci haz>ds a reflection1 t if "o comp>es ! o!r works ( ?is arti/ ) ! above m5tion$ figure ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y 444 we may recognize 9 x su* improvem5t 444 & s mu* ( ! mann] ( ,giotto1 t !re _c rema9 a d\bt b he is to be reckon$ a disciple ( ?is ma/]1 bo? 9 respect ( 8 imitation ( him1 & 8 obs]vance ( 8 precepts1 :i* he foll[$ dur+ s _m ye>s 9 ! ex]cise ( ! pr(ession4 ,e att5tive read] w discov] "h n a cle> demon/ration ( ! assumption1 b a mass ( difficulties4 ,he comp>es ?is to ! o!r figures made by ,pisano at ,flor5ce1 be=e he 0 acqua9t$ ) ,giotto2 & yet ?is 0 ! fir/ :i* he !re execut$4 ,he wi%es to make ,giovanni1 already sixty ye>s ( age1 an imitator ( ,giotto1 !n tw5ty-"o1 :5 x is mu* m probable t ,giotto w\ld foll[ him1 ! be/ sculptor ( ! age4 ,!re is no f\ndation = ! suppos$ in/ruction :i* ,giovanni receiv$ f ,giotto1 :o1 %ortly aft]1 dep>t$ = ,rome2 :]e1 aft] "s o!r works1 he execut$ ! mosaic ( ! boat 9 #abih4 ,9 %ort1 ! :ole "q ( preceptor%ip re/s on no bett] au?ority ?an a s+le figure4 ,h[ great are ! inconsi/5cies 9 ?is acc\nt1 & h[ absurd ! explanations & repetitions :i* are (f]$6 ,:at fur!r %all we say8 ,is x n lam5table ?us to see s _m old & hon\r$ arti/s compell$1 9 spite ( hi/ory1 to become pupils to ma/]s s mu* y\ng] & less celebrat$ ?an !mselves8 ,i "k t v>i\s writ]s h c5sur$ ,bald9ucci z an hi/orian ( d\btful fidelity1 artful 9 conceal+ or misrepres5t+ facts1 capti\s 9 exp\nd+ ! op9ions ( ,vas>i1 & m int5t on captivat+ ?an in/ruct+ 8 read]s4 ,i am n ignorant t 8 sy/em 0 controv]t$ ev5 9 8 own c\ntry1 z appe>s f 8 "w publi%$ !re1 entitl$ ,delle ,veglie2 & t ,signor ,m>mi1 a le>n$ ,flor5t9e1 /rongly suspect$ 8 fair deal+1 ( :i* we %all adduce a pro( "u ! ,si5ese s*ool4 ,nev]!less ,i take into acc\nt t he wrote 9 an age less in=m$ 9 reg>d to ! hi/ory ( pa9t+1 & t he def5d$ an op9ion !n mu* m common 9 ,italy ?an at pres5t4 ,he _h promis$ ,c>d9al ,leopoldo de' ,m$ici to demon/rate x incontrov]tibly = ! hon\r ( 8 c\ntry1 & ( ! h\se ( ,m$ici1 & _h receiv$ advice & assi/ance f him 9 ord] to enc\rage him to def5d x1 & to refute ! contr>y op9ion4 ,"u ! necessity ( answ]+ ,malvasia1#eb a sev]e writ] aga9/ ,vas>i1 & ( prov+ 8 ass]tion1 t ! p ( ,bologna1 no less ?an ^? ( ,si5a1 ( ,pisa1 & o!r places1 _h le>n$ ! art f ! ,flor5t9es1 he =m$ a false sy/em1 ! absurdity ( :i* he did n imm$iately p]ceive2 b he at la/ discov]$ x1 z ,signor ,piac5za obs]ves1 & succe$$ 9 escap+ f its trammels4 ,! mo/ +5i\s build]s ( sy/ems h subject$ !mselves v frequ5tly to ! same disadvantage1 & ! hi/ory ( lit]ature ab\nds ) simil> in/ances4 ,hav+ exam9$ ?is sophism1 ,i _c subscribe to ! op9ion ( ,bald9ucci2 b %all comprise my own op9ion 9 two propositions3--,! fir/ is1 ,t ! improvem5t ( pa9t+ is n due to ,flor5ce alone4 ,x has be5 rem>k$1 t ! c>e] ( human g5ius1 9 ! progress ( ! f9e arts1 is ! same 9 e c\ntry4 ,:5 ! man is dissatisfi$ ) :at ! *ild le>n$1 he gradually passes f ! rud] elem5ts to :at is less s1 & f !nce1 to dilig5ce & precision2 he aft]w>ds advances to ! gr&1 & ! select1 & at l5g? atta9s facility ( execution4 ,su* 0 ! progress ( sculpture among ! ,grecians1 & su* has be5 t ( pa9t+ 9 our own c\ntry4 ,:5 ,correggio advanc$ f labori\s m9ut5ess to gr&eur1 x 0 n necess>y = him to "k t su* 0 ! progress ( ,raffaello1 or1 at any rate1 to h witness$ x3 9 l mann]1 no?+ m 0 want+ to ! pa9t]s ( ! ?irte5? & f\rte5? c5turies1 ?an to le>n t hi!rto !y _h pursu$ a wrong pa?2 ?is 0 suffici5t to guide !m into a bett] pa?1 & x 0 n !n untri$2 = sculpture _h already improv$ design4 ,we h1 9 fact1 se5 ! ,pisani1 & _! s*ol>s1 prec$+ ! ,flor5t9es2 &1 z _! precursors1 diffus+ a new sy/em ( design ov] ,italy4 ,x w\ld be inju/ice to ov]look !m 9 ! improvem5t ( pa9t+1 9 :i* design is ( su* importance2 or to suppose t !y did n signally contribute to its improvem5t4 ,b if ,italy be indebt$ solely to ,cimabue & ,giotto = its progress1 all ! good arti/s %\ld h come f ,flor5ce4 ,& yet1 9 ! ca!dral ( ,orvieto 7to in/ance ! f9e/ "w1 p]haps1 ( t age71 we f9d1 f ! beg9n+ ( ! f\rte5? c5tury1 _m arti/s f v>i\s o!r places1 :o w\ld n h be5 call$ to ornam5t su* a build+1 _h !y n previ\sly enjoy$ ! reputation ( able ma/]s4#ec ,add to ?is1 if we are to d]ive all pa9t]s f ^? two ma/]s1 e /yle ( pa9t+ %\ld resemble t ( _! ,flor5t9e disciples4 ,b on exam9+ ! old pa9t+s ( ,si5a1 ( ,v5ice1 ( ,bologna1 & ( ,p>ma1 !y are f\nd to be dissimil> 9 idea1 9 *oice ( col\r+1 & 9 ta/e ( composition4 ,all1 !n1 are n d]iv$ f ,flor5ce4 ,my second proposition is1 ,t no p !n excell$ 91 nor contribut$1 by example1 s mu* to ! progress ( art z ! ,flor5t9es4 ,rival cities may boa/ arti/s ( m]it1 ev5 9 ! fir/ era ( pa9t+2 _! writ]s may d5y ! fame ( ,giotto & 8 disciples2 b tru? is m p[]ful ?an declamation4 ,giotto 0 ! fa!r ( ! new me?od ( pa9t+1 z ,boccaccio 0 call$ ! fa!r ( ! new species ( prose composition4 ,aft] ! "t ( ! latt]1 any subject c\ld be elegantly treat$ ( 9 prose2 aft] ! =m]1 pa9t+ c\ld express all subjects ) propriety4 ,a ,simon da ,si5a1 a ,/efano da ,fir5ze1 a ,pietro ,laurati1 add$ *>ms to ! art2 b !y & o!rs owe to ,giotto ! transition f ! old to a new mann]4 ,he essay$ x 9 ,tuscany1 & :ile yet a "y man1 greatly improv$ x1 to ! g5]al admiration ( all classes4 ,he did n leave ,assisi until call$ to ,rome by ,boniface ,,viii41 nor did he take up 8 resid5ce at ,avignon1 until invit$ to ,france by ,clem5t ,v4 ,be=e go+ !re1 he 0 induc$ to /op at ,padua1 & on return+ "s ye>s aft]1 he aga9 resid$ at ! same place4 ,at t "t _m p>ts ( ,italy 7 "u a republican =m ( gov]nm5t2 b ab\nd$ 9 pot5t families1 t bore sway 9 v>i\s qu>t]s1 & :i*1 :ile adorn+ _! c\ntry1 aim$ at its subjugation4 ,giotto1 beyond e o!r1 0 9 univ]sal reque/1 bo? at home & abroad4 ,! ,pol5tani ( ,rav5na1 ! ,malate/i ( ,rim9o1 ! ,e/5si ( ,f]r>a1 ! ,visconti ( ,milan1 ! ,scala ( ,v]ona1 ,ca/ruccio ( ,lucca1 & also ,rob]t1 k+ ( ,naples1 s\ght to engage him ) eag]ness1 & = "s p]iod reta9$ him 9 _! s]vice4 ,milan1 ,urb9o1 ,arezzo1 & ,bologna1 7 desir\s to possess 8 works2 & ,pisa1 t1 9 h] ,campo ,santo1 af=d$ an opportunity = ! *oice/ arti/s ( ,tuscany to vie ) "o ano!r1#ed z ( old !y cont5d$ at ,cor9?1 & 9 ,delphi1#ee obta9$ f him ^? hi/oric pa9t+s f ! life ( ,job1 :i* are greatly admir$1 ?\gh !y are among/ 8 e>ly productions4 ,:5 ,giotto 0 no m1 simil> applause 0 be/[$ on 8 disciples3 cities cont5d$ = ! hon\r ( invit+ !m1 & !y 7 ev5 m highly e/imat$ ?an ! native arti/s !mselves4 ,we %all f9d ,cavall9i & ,capanna 9 ! ,roman ,s*ool2 9 t ( ,bologna ! two ,fa5t9i1 ,pace1 & ,ottaviano1 ) ,guglielmo da ,=li2 ,m5abuoi at ,padua2 ,memmi1 :o 0 ei!r a s*ol> or assi/ant ( ,giotto1 at ,avignon2 & we %all f9d traces ( ! successors ( ! same s*ool ?r\gh\t all ,italy4 ,?is "w w indicate ! names ( "s ( !m2 x w po9t out ! /yle ( o!rs2 )\t includ+ ! great numb] :o1 9 e prov9ce1 h be5 )drawn f our view1 = ! purpose ( replac+ old pictures ) o!rs 9 ! new mann]4 ,giotto ?us became ! model = /ud5ts dur+ ! :ole ( ! f\rte5? c5tury1 z 0 ,raffaello 9 ! sixte5?1 & ! ,c>acci 9 ! subsequ5t c5tury3 nor c ,i f9d a f\r? mann] t has be5 s g5]ally receiv$ 9 ,italy z t ( ^? ?ree s*ools4 ,!re h be5 "s :o1 f ! inspiration ( _! own g5ius1 _h adopt$ a new mann]1 b !y 7 little kn[n or admir$ beyond ! prec9cts ( _! own c\ntry4 ,( ! ,flor5t9es alone c x be ass]t$1 t !y diffus$ ! mod]n /yle f "o extremity ( ,italy to ! o!r3 9 ! re/oration ( pa9t+1 ?\gh n all1 yet ! *ief praise belongs to !m2 & ?is =ms my second proposition4 ,i proce$ m will+ly to ! sequel ( my "w1 hav+ escap$ f t "p ( x 9 :i*1 amid ! contradictory s5tim5ts ( au?ors1 ,i h (t5 susp5d$ my p51 m9dful ( ! maxim1 ,hi/oria nihil falsi audeat dic]e1 nihil v]i non audeat4 ,resum+ ! subject ( ,flor5ce1 aft] ! dea? ( h] great arti/ 9 #accf1 ,i f9d pa9t]s _h !re prodigi\sly multipli$1 z ,i %all pres5tly1 f und\bt$ te/imony1 proce$ to prove4 ,n long aft]w>ds1 t is1 9 #acdi1 ! pa9t]s associat$ !mselves into a religi\s frat]nity1 :i* !y d5om9at$ ! ,society ( ,/4 ,luke1 fir/ e/abli%$ 9 ,s4 ,m>ia ,nuova1 b aft]w>ds 9 ,s4 ,m>ia ,novella4 ,?is 0 n ! fir/ t _h aris5 9 ,italy1 z ,bald9ucci affirms3 9 #abij !re 0 a company ( pa9t]s previ\sly e/abli%$ at ,v5ice1 ( :i* ,/4 ,luke 0 ! patron1 ! laws ( :i*1 x is believ$1 are /ill pres]v$ 9 ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,sophia4#ef ,b nei!r ?is1 ! ,flor5t9e1 nor t ( ,bologna1 c be call$ academies = design2 !y 7 only ! results ( ,*ri/ian devotion1 a sort ( s*ool1 su* z =m]ly exi/$1 & /ill exi/ 9 _m ( ! arts4 ,!y did n consi/ ( pa9t]s alone2 ^! always possess$ ! mo/ elevat$ rank2 b 9 ! same place 7 assembl$ arti/s 9 metal & 9 wood1 ^: works p>took1 m or less1 ( design2 z is relat$ by ,bald9ucci1 9 describ+ ! ,flor5t9e association4 ,9 t ( ,v5ice 7 compreh5d$ basket-mak]s1 gild]s1 & ! l[e/ daub]s2 9 t ( ,bologna 7 includ$ ev5 saddl]s1 & scabb>d-mak]s2 :o 7 only divid$ f ! pa9t]s by means ( lawsuits & decisions4 ,t unref9$ age did n z yet ackn[l$ge ! dignity ( pa9t+2 x d5om9at$ ^? arti/s ma/] workm51 :om we n[ call pr(essors ( ! art1 & x call$ %ops :at we "n /udies4 ,i h (t5 d\bt$1 :e!r ! progress ( ! arts 0 s rapid among u z 9 ,greece1 because1 !re1 pa9t+1 ei!r f ! beg9n+ or a v e>ly era1 0 consid]$ z a lib]al art3 ) u its dignity 0 mu* long] 9 be+ ackn[l$g$4 ,he :o desires to discov] ! orig9 ( ^? associations1 w f9d x 9 ! works compos$ ( diff]5t arts !n mo/ 9 use1 ( :i* ,i %all treat some:at fully1 = ! sake ( illu/rat+ ! hi/ory4 ,a little above ,i m5tion$ basket-mak]s3 at t "t1 all k9ds ( furniture1 su* z cupbo>ds1 b5*es1 & *e/s1 7 wr\ght by me*anics1 & !n pa9t$1 especially :5 int5d$ z ! furniture ( new m>ri$ wom54 ,_m anci5t cab9et pictures h be5 cut out ( su* pieces ( furniture1 &1 by ?is means1 pres]v$ to lat] ages4 ,z = images on alt>s1 ?r\gh ! :ole ( ! f\rte5? c5tury1 !y 7 n =m$1 z at pres5t1 on a sep>ate piece f ! surr\nd+ ornam5ts4 ,!re 7 made little alt>s1 or dittici1#eg 9 _m p>ts ( ,italy1 call$ ,ancone2 !y fir/ %ap$ ! wood1 & labori\sly ornam5t$ x ) c>v+4 ,! design 0 con=m$ to ! ,teutonic1 or1 z x is call$1 ! ,go?ic ar*itecture1 se5 9 ! facades ( *ur*es built 9 t age4 ,! :ole "w 0 a load ( m9ut5ess1 consi/+ ( little tab]nacles1 pyramids1 & ni*es2 & v>i\s doors & w9d[s1 ) semi-circul> & po9t$ ar*es1 7 repres5t$ on ! surface ( ! panel2 a /yle v *>act]i/ic ( t p]iod4 ,i h sometimes !re obs]v$1 9 ! middle1 little /atues 9 mezzo-relievo4#eh ,mo/ frequ5tly ! pa9t] design$ ^! figures or bu/s ( sa9ts3 sometimes !re 7 also prep>$ v>i\s sorts ( little =ms1 or m\lds--=melle--9 :i* to repres5t hi/ories4 ,(t5 !re 0 a /ep add$ to ! little alt>1 :]e1 9 sev]al comp>tm5ts1 7 likewise exhibit$ hi/ories ( our ,savi\r1 ( ! ,virg91 & ( ! m>tyrs1 ei!r real or feign$4#ei ,sometimes v>i\s comp>tm5ts 7 prep>$1 9 :i* _! lives 7 repres5t$4 ,! c>v]s 9 wood 7 s va9 ( _! craft1 t !y (t5 inscrib$ _! own names be=e t ( ! pa9t]4#fj ,ev5 pictures = rooms 7 fa%ion$ by ! c>v]s into triangul> & squ>e =ms1 :i* !y surr\nd$ ) heavy bord]s1 ) rude foliage1 lace1 or ,arabesque ornam5ts ar\nd !m4 ,9 t age1 pictures 7 r>ely committ$ to canvass alone1 ?\gh "s su* are to be se5 at ,flor5ce1 & m among ! ,v5etians & p ( ,bologna2 b panels 7 mo/ frequ5tly employ$4 ,! bord]s (t5 inclos$ portions ( canvass1 n unfrequ5tly ( p>*m5t1 & sometimes ( lea!r1 :i*1 9 all probability1 7 prep>$ by ^? :o usually wr\ght 9 su* mat]ials2 & ?is is ! reason :y su* arti/s1 & ev5 9 "s in/ances saddl]s1 7 sometimes associat$ ) pa9t]s4 ,hi/ory in=ms u t %ields = w>1 or ! t\rnam5t1 & also v>i\s eque/rian acc\trem5ts1 z ! saddles & trapp+s ( horses1 7 ornam5t$ ) pa9t+1 a cu/om :i* 0 reta9$ till ! "t ( ,francia1 z ,vas>i m5tions 9 8 life2 h5ce1 arm\r]s & saddl]s became associat$ ) pa9t]s4 ,among !m 9 l mann] might be includ$ ^? :o prep>$ walls = pa9t+ 9 fresco1 & :o cov]$ !m ) a r$di% gr\nd1 :i* n unfrequ5tly is /ill discov]$ 9 ! flaws4 ,on ?is col\r ! figures 7 design$1 & su* walls 7 ! c>toons ( ! old ma/]s4 ,! /ucco work]s also assi/$ !m 9 ^? reliev$ ornam5ts we see 9 fresco pa9t+s4 ,i believe !y us$ m\lds 9 ^? works1 :i* seem no?+ else ?an globules1 fl[]ets1 & little />s1 =m$ ) a /amp1 su* z we see on gilt plai/]1 on lea!r1 on bo>d1 & on play+-c>ds4 ,on :atev] sub/ance !y pa9t$1 "s gold 0 usually add$2 ) x !y ornam5t$ ! gr\nd ( _! pictures1 ! glories ( _! sa9ts1 _! g>m5ts1 & fr+es4 ,al?\gh pa9t]s !mselves 7 skill$ 9 su* lab\rs1 x appe>s t !y s\ght ! assi/ance ( gild]s1 & !re=e gild]s 7 class$ ) pa9t]s1 & l !m inscrib$ works ) _! names4 ,?is 0 ! practice ( ,c9i & ,s>ac9i1 j be=e record$1 & p>ticul>ly ( a native ( ,f]r>a1 :o1 9 ! pictures ( ! ,viv>9i1 at ,v5ice1 subscribes 8 "n be=e !irs4 7,see ,zanetti1 ,pittura ,v54 p4 #ae47 ,& 9 ! ca!dral ( ,c5$a1 bel[ an ,incoronation ( ! ,virg91 9 :i* ! arti/ did n c>e to exhibit himself to po/]ity1 ! engrav]1 already notic$1 left ! foll[+ inscription1 :i* ,signor ,lor5zo ,giu/9iani1 a ,v5etian patrician ( great ta/e & cultivation ( m9d1 has v politely communicat$ to me2 #adch1 ,a ,,di #aj4 ,,frev] ,,*ri/(alo ,,da ,,f]>a ,,intajo4 ,t[>ds ! end ( ! f\rte5? c5tury1 :5 ! go?ic /yle 0 disappe>+ f ar*itecture1 ! design ( ! c>v]s improv$1 & !y began to erect ov] alt>s oblong panels1 divid$ by p>titions1 :i* 7 fa%ion$ into pila/]s1 or small columns1 & (t5 betwe5 ^! la/ feign$ gates or w9d[s1 s t ! ancona or alt> bore "s resemblance to ! facade ( a palace or a *ur*2 ov] !m 0 plac$ a frieze1 & above ! frieze 0 a place l a /age ) "s figures4 ,! sa9ts 7 plac$ bel[1 & _! hi/ories 7 pa9t$ 9 ! comp>tm5ts2 & (t5 !re appe>$ _! hi/ories pa9t$ ^u "s little =m1 or ^u ! /eps4 ,! p>titions 7 gradually remov$1 ! proportions ( ! figures enl>g$1 & ! sa9ts 7 dispos$ 9 a s+le piece ar\nd ! ?rone ( our ,"l1 n s erect z =m]ly1 aft] ! mann] ( /atues1 b 9 diff]5t actions & positions1 a cu/om :i* prevail$ ev5 9 ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,! practice ( gild+ gr\nds decl9$ t[>ds ! end ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 b x 0 increas$ on ! g>m5ts1 & fr+es 7 nev] s deep z at t p]iod4 ,ab\t ! close ( t c5tury gold 0 m sp>+ly employ$1 & x 0 almo/ :olly ab&on$ 9 ! foll[+4 ,no little b5efit w\ld be conf]r$ ^u ! art by any "o :o w\ld und]take to po9t out ) accuracy :at 7 ! col\rs1 gums1 & o!r mixtures employ$ by ! ,greeks4 ,!y 7 und\bt$ly 9 possession ( ! be/ me?ods transmitt$ to !m by a tradition1 :i* ?\gh 9 "s measure corrupt$1 0 confess$ly d]iv$ f _! ance/ors4 ,ev5 subsequ5t to ! inv5tion ( oils1 _! col\r+ is 9 "s degree des]v+ ( our admiration4 ,9 ! ,m$icean ,museum !re is a ,madonna1 subscrib$ ) ! foll[+ ,lat9 inscription1 ,&reas ,rico de ,c&ia p9xit1 ! =ms ( :i* are /upid1 ! folds inelegant1 & ! composition co>se2 b ) all ?is1 ! col\r is s fre%1 vivid1 & brilliant1 t !re is no mod]n "w t w\ld n lose by a comp>ison2 inde$1 ! col\r+ is s extremely /rong & firm1 t :5 tri$ ) ! iron1 x does n liquefy1 b r scales (f1 & breaks 9 m9ute portions4 ,! frescos1 likewise1 ( ! e>lie/ ,greek & ,italian pa9t]s1 are surpris+ly /rong1 & m p>ticul>ly 9 upp] ?an 9 l[] ,italy4 ,!re are "s figures ( sa9ts ^u ! pila/]s ( ! *ur* ( ,san ,niccolo1 at ,trevigi1 q rem>kable = _! durability1 an acc\nt ( :i* is giv5 9 ! fir/ volume ( ,padre ,f$]ici1 7p4 #ahh74 ,i h und]/ood f pr(essors t su* a degree ( consi/5cy mu/ h be5 produc$ by a c]ta9 portion ( wax1 :i* 0 employ$ at t p]iod1 z w be expla9$ 9 ! subsequ5t *apt]1 on ! subject ( pa9t+ 9 oil4 ,x mu/1 h[ev]1 be admitt$1 t we are v little advanc$ 9 ^! inquiries into ! anci5t me?ods ( prep>+ col\r4 ,7 !y once satisfactorily explor$1 x w\ld prove highly useful 9 ! re/oration ( anci5t pictures1 nor sup]flu\s 9 reg>d to ! adoption ( t firm1 fus$1 & lucid col\r+1 :i* we %all h occasion to comm5d 9 v>i\s ,lomb>d & ,v5etian pictures1 & m especially 9 ^? ( ,coreggio4 ,^! obs]vations w n be useless to ! connoisseur1 :o d\bts ! age ( a picture on :i* !re are no *>act]s4 ,:]e !re are lett]s he may proce$ ) /ill great] c]ta9ty4 ,! lett]s vulg>ly call$ go?ic1 began to be us$ aft] ! ye> #abjj1 9 "s places m e>ly ?an 9 o!rs2 & *>act]s 7 load$ ) a sup]fluity ( l9es1 ?r\gh ! :ole ( ! f\rte5?1 until ab\t ! middle ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 :5 ! use ( ! ,roman alphabet 0 reviv$4 ,:at =ms 7 adopt$ by arti/s 9 subscrib+ _! names1 w be m conv5i5tly expla9$ 9 ! c\rse ( a few pages fur!r4 ,i h judg$ x prop] to give "h a sort ( paleology ( pa9t+2 because inatt5tion to ?is has be51 & /ill is1 a fruitful s\rce ( error4 ,! read]1 h[ev]1 may obs]ve1 t ?\gh ! rules "h propos$1 af=d "s light to resolve d\btful po9ts1 !y are n to be consid]$ z infallible & univ]sal1 & he may fur!r recollect1 t 9 matt]s ( antiquity no?+ is m dang]\s & ridicul\s1 ?an to =m g5]al rules1 :i* a s+le example may be suffici5t to ov]?r[4 ,footnote #bf3 ,see ,tirabos*i1 ,/oria della ,litt]at4 ,italiana1 t[>ds ! end ( tom4 iv4 ,see also ! ,diss]tation ( ,lami on ! ,italian pa9t]s & sculptors :o fl\ri%$ f ! ye> #ajjj to #acjj2 9 ! ,supplem5t to ,v9ci's ,trattato della ,pittura1 pr9t$ at ,flor5ce 9 #agib2 & see ,mor5i1 ,p4 iv4 p4 #ajh4 ,footnote #bg3 ,see ! ,oration ( ,mon4 ,francesco ,c>r>a ,delle ,lodi delle belle ,arti1 ,roma1 #ageh1 #dto4 ) ! accompany+ ,notes1 9 :i* ! two ,bian*9i1 ,m>angoni1 & ,bott>i1 _! illu/rators1 are cit$4 ,footnote #bh3 ,po9t$ out to me by ,sig4 ,d',ag9c\rt1 a g5tleman deeply v]s$ 9 antiquities ( ?is sort4 ,footnote #bi3 ,!re 7 simil> rema9s 9 ! *oir1 ! design ( :i* ,i h se54 ,!y 7 cov]$ ov] 9 #agcc4 ,among o!r curiosities 0 ! portrait ( ! patri>* ,popone1 ( ! ,emp]or ,conrad1 & 8 son ,h5ry2 ! design1 action1 & *>act]s1 l ! mosaics at ,rome2 execut$ ab\t ! ye> #ajcj4 ,see ,b>toli1 ,anti*ita di ,aquileja1 p4 #cfi2 & ,altan1 ,del v>io ,/ato1 c4 p4 #e4 ,footnote #cj3 ,! figure ( our ,lady is ret\*$2 b two m9iatures atta*$ to x1 are bett] pres]v$2 ! "o repres5ts a man1 ! o!r a woman3 & _! drap]y is 9 ! co/ume ( t p]iod4 ,! figures are rev]s$ 9 ! engrav+ ( !m1 :i* is publi%$4 ,footnote #ca3 ,see ,p4 della ,valle 9 ! ,preface to ,vas>i1 p4 #ea4 ,footnote #cb3 ,a few pictures by sup]ior ,greek arti/s1 rema91 :i* are v good4 ,( ?is numb] is a ,madonna1 ) a ,greek inscription1 at ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,m>ia 9 ,cosm$9 at ,rome4 ,!re is also "o at ,cam]9o said to h come f ,smyrna2 & ,i "k ( no ,greek picture 9 ,italy bett] execut$ or bett] pres]v$4 ,footnote #cc3 ,! lat]al gate ( bronze is ( v rude workman%ip1 z describ$ by ! ,canon ,m>t9i1 9 8 acc\nt ( t temple1 p4 #he2 & by ,sig4 da ,morrona1 x is ) mu* probability ascrib$ to ! h& ( ,bonanno ,pisano4 ,f ,vas>i's life ( ,arnalfo1 we le>n t ! same sculptor also execut$ ! great gate ( ! ,primaziale at ,pisa1 9 bronze1 ab\t ! ye> #aahj1 subsequ5tly de/roy$ by fire4 ,t ( ,santa ,m>ia ,nuova at ,monreale1 is likewise 84 ,x is describ$ by ,p4 del ,giudice1 9 8 acc\nt ( t *ur*1 & be>s ! "n ( ,bonanno ,pisano1 ) ! date #aahf4 ,x is z rudely execut$ z ! prec$+ "o at ,pisa1 z ,i am assur$ by ! ,cavali] ,pucc9i1 accurately v]s$ 9 e bran* ( ! f9e arts4 ,if we wi% to e/imate ! m]it ( ,niccola ,pisano1 we h only to comp>e ^! two gates ) ! specim5s :i* he gave u only a few ye>s aft]w>ds4 ,footnote #cd3 ,sev]al specim5s ( simil> productions also rema9 9 ,sicily1 p>ticul>ly at ,mazz]ra & ,girganti4 ,at ,pal]mo1 ! tomb ( ! ,empress ,con/ance ,,ii4 :o di$ 9 ! ye> #abbb1 is decorat$ ) an antique sculpture 9 basso relievo1 repres5t+ a *ase1 :i* is conjectur$ to repres5t t ( ,a,eneas & ,dido1 & :i* is well engrav$4 ,see ! "w entitl$1 ,i ,regali ,sepol*ri del ,duomo di ,pal]mo riconosciuti e illu/rati4 ,nap4 #aghd4 ,ano!r specim5 ( ?is sort is said to be 9 ! collection ( ,mr4 ,blundell1 at ,ince4 ,footnote #ce3 ,9 ! new ,guide to ,milan1 ,sig4 ,abate ,bianconi obs]ves1 t ^! are beautiful works1 & t no?+ sup]ior is to be se5 9 any "w ( t age4 ,vas>i1 by omitt+ ?is v em95t ,pisan1 & n m5tion+ ^! works1 al?\gh he 0 accord+ to 8 own acc\nt at ,milan1 has giv5 reason to believe1 t he 0 n ov] anxi\s 9 8 rese>*es4 p4 #bae4 ,see also ,giul9i & ,v]ri1 z quot$ by ,sig4 da ,morrona 9 tom4 i4 pp4 #aii1 #bjj4 ,footnote #cf3 ,! mosaic s*ool subsi/$ at ,rome z e>ly z ! elev5? & twelf? c5turies4 7,see ,musant4 ,fax ,*ronol4 pp4 #cai1 #cch47 ,9 ?is ! family ( ! ,cosmati acquir$ great excell5ce4 ,adeodato di ,cosimo ,cosmati employ$ himself 9 ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,m>ia ,maggiore1 9 #abij1 7,guide to ,rome72 & sev]al ( ! same "n ex]cis$ _! tal5ts 9 ! ca!dral ( ,orvieto4 7,see ,valle ,catalogo47 ,! :ole ( ^! are pref]r$ to ! ,greek mosaic work]s1 :o 7 at ! same p]iod engag$ 9 decorat+ ,/4 ,m>k's at ,v5ice4 7,see ,valle's ,preface to ,vas>i1 p4 #fa47 ,footnote #cg3 ,sancti ,francisci ,frat] fuit hoc op]atus ,jacobus 9 tali prae cunctis arte probatus1 is ! inscription on ! mosaic4 ,footnote #ch3 ,see ,pisa ,illu/rata ( ,signor da ,morrona1 tom4 i4 p4 #bbd4 ,footnote #ci3 ,tom4 ii4 p4 #abg4 ,footnote #dj3 ,9 ! sacri/y ( ! ,angioli is pres]v$ ! mo/ anci5t portrait ( ,san ,francesco t is extant4 ,x is pa9t$ on ! panel :i* s]v$ z ! sa9t's c\* until ! p]iod ( 8 decease1 z we le>n f ! inscription4 ,x is !re suppos$ to be ! "w ( "s ,greek arti/ ant]ior to ,giunta4 ,footnote #da3 ,see ,signor ,ab4 ,bett9elli1 ,risorgim5to d' ,italia negli /udii1 nelle arti1 ne' co/umi dopo il mille1 p4 #aib4 ,footnote #db3 ,to ?is li/ ( e>ly pa9t]s might p]haps be add$ ! "n ( ,francesco ,b5ani1 by :om !re is a :ole l5g? figure ( ,/4 ,j]ome hold+ a crucifix 9 8 h&4 ,x possesses all ! *>act]i/ics attribut$ by ,lanzi to ?is e>ly age4 ,ne> ! bottom ( ! picture is a label1 inscrib$1 ,franciscus ,b5anus1 ,filius ,petri ,ablada4 ,! size ( ! picture is #b feet #h by #b feet #b1 on panel1 cov]$ ) gypsum4 ,! vehicle ( ! col\rs is probably prep>$ f eggs1 :i* 7 usually employ$ = t purpose be=e ! inv5tion ( pa9t+ 9 oil1 & to :i* an absorb5t gr\nd ( lime or gypsum seems to h be5 indisp5sable4 ,x is surpris+ h[ well ! e>ly pictures execut$ 9 ?is /yle h pres]v$ _! col\r+ to ! pres5t day4 ,footnote #dc3 ,?is writ] has ?r[n mu* light ^u ! hi/ory ( our e>ly pa9t]s1 f :i* ,i h d]iv$ & %all cont9ue to d]ive1 mu* b5efit2 b 9 ! heat ( dispute1 he has frequ5tly depreciat$ ,cimabue 9 a way :i* ,i _c approve4 ,= in/ance1 ,vas>i hav+ said1 t he contribut$ greatly to ! p]fection ( ! art1 della ,valle ass]ts1 t he did x nei!r good nor h>m2 & t hav+ closely exam9$ ! pictures ( ,cimabue1 he has f\nd 9 !m a rud] /yle ?an appe>s 9 ^? ( ,giunta ,pisano1 ( ,guido da ,si5a1 ( ,jacopo da ,turrita1 c4 7tom4 i4 p4 #bce47 ,( ! two la/ ,i %all speak else:]e4 ,) respect to ! fir/1 ! writ] contradicts himself f\r pages aft]2 :51 comm5t+ on ano!r passage ( ! hi/orian relat+ to c]ta9 pictures ( ,cimabue1 execut$ 9 ,assisi 9 ! inf]ior *ur* ( ,s4 ,francesco1 he says1 t he !re1 9 8 op9ion1 surpass$ ,giunta ,pisano4 ,x is to be rememb]$ t ?is 0 8 fir/ "w1 or among/ ! fir/ t ,cimabue pa9t$ 9 ,assisi4 ,:5 he w5t ?i!r1 !re=e1 he 0 a bett] arti/ ?an ,giunta4 ,h[1 !n1 :5 he work$ 9 ! sup]ior *ur*1 9 ,assisi1 & 9 s _m o!r places1 did he become s bad a pa9t]1 & m unc\? ?an ,giunta himself8 ,footnote #dd3 ,see ,bald9ucci1 tom4 i4 p4 #ag1 ,flor5t9e ,edition1 #agfg1 :]e x is said t ! ,cimabuoi 7 also call$ ,gualti]i4 ,footnote #de3 ,b see ,bald9ucci 9 ,veglia1 p4 #hg4 ,footnote #df3 ,we read1 9 ! preface to ! ,si5ese edition ( ,vas>i's ,lives1 7p4 #ag7 z foll[s3 ,to ,giunta & to ! o!r arti/s ( ,pisa1 z heads ( ! s*ool1 0 giv5 ! pr9cipal direction ( adorn+ ! ,franciscan *ur*2 & ,cimabue & ,giotto are kn[n to h be5 ei!r disciples or assi/ants 9 _! s*ool1 9 :i* !y produc$ sev]al important works4 ,giunta _h ! direction ( 8 assi/ant z long z he resid$ !re1 :i* may h be5 ev5 subsequ5t to #abcf4 ,b h[ are we to suppose t he c\ld h be5 at ,assisi s long z to p]mit ,cimabue 7:o 0 born 9 #abdj1 & w5t to ,assisi ab\t #abfe7 to assi/1 to receive in/ructions f1 & to succe$ him8 ,su* a supposition is /ill m unt5able z reg>ds ,giotto1 :o 0 invit$ to ,assisi _m ye>s aft]w>ds4 7,vas>i47 ,footnote #dg3 ,to ! te/imonies 9 favor ( ,cimabue1 may be add$ "o ( no little weight1 f ! manuscript giv5 to ! public a few ye>s s9ce1 by ! ,abbate ,morelli4 ,we !re f9d t ,cimabue pa9t$ 9 ,padua1 9 ! *ur* del ,c>m9e1 :i* 0 aft]w>ds burnt2 b t a head ( ,s4 ,giovanni1 by him1 be+ rescu$ f ! flames1 0 ins]t$ 9 a frame1 & pres]v$ 9 ! h\se ( ,aless&ro ,capella4 ,w\ld a pa9t]1 :o _h done nei!r good nor h>m to ! ,flor5t9e s*ool1 & to ! art1 h be5 invit$ to ,padua8 ,w\ld ! rema9s ( 8 works h be5 held 9 su* e/eem8 ,w\ld he h be5 s highly valu$1 aft] s great a lapse ( "t1 by ,vas>i1 to ^: arts he seems to wi% to ascribe ! reputation ( ,cimabue4 ,o!r pro(s ( ?is reputation may be se5 9 ! def5ce ( ,vas>i1 9 ! pres5t ,book1 ?ird ,epo*4 ,! writ] ( hi/ory ought completely to dive/ himself ( ! love ( sy/em & p>ty _s4 ,footnote #dh3 ,vas>i1 tom4 i4 p4 #cbb4 ,footnote #di3 ,a book is m5tion$ by ,bald9ucci ornam5t$ by ,giotto ) m9iatures1 ) hi/ories f ! ,old ,te/am5t1 & pres5t$ to ! ve/ry ( ,/4 ,pet]1 by ,c>d9al ,/efanes*i2 ( ?is he nei!r adduces any pro(1 nor c ,i f9d any record4 ,f ! evid5ce1 r1 ( an exi/+ necrology1 :]e1 among ! pres5ts made by ,/efanes*i to ! ca!dral1 ! pictures & ! mosaic by ,giotto are notic$ )\t any o!r "w ( ?is arti/1 ! gift ( ! book is v d\btful4 ,see ,sig4 ,ab1 ,cancelli]i ,de ,secret>iis ,vet]is ,basilicae ,vaticanae1 p4 #hei1 & #bdfd4 ,"s m9iatures ( ! m>tyrdom & miracles ( ,/4 ,george1 9 ano!r book1 are ascrib$ to him2 b ,i am unc]ta9 :e!r !re is any anci5t docum5t = ?is2 & !y might1 possibly1 be ! "w ( ,simone da ,si5a1 :o is (t5 conf\nd$ ) him4 ,footnote #ej3 ,see 8 fir/ volume1 pp4 #aca & #bjb2 & also ,p4 della ,valle 9 ! preface to ,vas>i1 p4 #bg2 also ,signor da ,morrona 9 8 ,pisa ,illu/rata1 p4 #aed2 besides _m o!r au?ors4 ,footnote #ea3 ,d4 ,valle's preface to ,vas>i1 p4 #cf4 ,footnote #eb3 ,we may obs]ve1 t ,malvasia is ! *ampion1 n only ( ,bologna1 b ( ,italy1 & ( all ,europe4 ,at page #aa1 volume fir/1 he has quot$ a passage f ,filibi51 :i* proves t design always ma9ta9$ itself 9 ,france1 ev5 9 rude ages1 & t at ! "t ( ,cimabue x 0 !re equally respectable z 9 ,italy4 ,footnote #ec3 ,a catalogue ( !m is giv5 9 ,p4 della ,valle1 9 8 hi/ory ( t ,*ur*1 & is republi%$ 9 ! ,si5ese edition ( ,vas>i1 at ! end ( ! second volume4 ,footnote #ed3 ,?is place1 :i* w ev] d high hon\r to ! magnific5ce ( ! ,pisans1 w\ld be an ine/imable museum1 if ! pictures !re1 execut$ by ,giotto1 by ,memmi1 by ,/efano ,flor5t9o1 by ,buffalmacco1 by ,antonio ,v5eziano1 by ! two ,orcagni1 by ,sp9ello ,aret9o1 & by ,laurati1 _h be5 c>efully pres]v$2 b ! greate/ numb] hav+ be5 injur$ by dampness1 7 repair$1 b ) consid]able judgm5t1 )9 ! c5tury4 ,footnote #ee3 ,pl94 xxxv4 #i4 ,footnote #ef3 ,zanet4 p4 #c4 ,footnote #eg3 ,x 0 a v anci5t practice ( ,*ri/ian wor%ip to place ! silv]1 or ivory dittici1 ^u ! alt>s dur+ ! s]vice ( ! mass1 & :5 ! sacr$ c]emony 0 ov]1 !y 7 fold$ up 9 ! mann] ( a book1 & tak5 else:]e4 ,! same figure 0 reta9$1 ev5 9 ! introduction ( ! l>ge/ alt> pieces1 :i* likewise consi/$ ( two w+s1 & 7 portable4 ,?is cu/om1 ( :i* ,i h se5 few remnants 9 ,italy1 has be5 long pres]v$ 9 ! ,greek *ur*4 ,at l5g?1 by degrees1 arti/s began to pa9t ^u "o :ole panel4 7,see ,buon>roti ,vetri ,anti*i1 p4 #beh1 c47 ,footnote #eh3 ,9 ,torrello1 "o ( ! ,v5etian isles1 !re is an anci5t image ( ,/4 ,hadrian1 :i* is tol]ably c>v$1 & ar\nd x ! hi/ory ( ! sa9t is depict$3 ! /yle is feeble1 b n ,grecian4 ,footnote #ei3 ,i notice ?is peculi>ity1 because ! hi/ories1 ei!r pa9t$ or engrav$1 belong+ to ^? e>ly times1 are apt to p]plex u2 nor c !y be cle>$ up )\t hav+ rec\rse to books ( fiction1 :i* 71 9 ^? less civiliz$ p]iods1 believ$4 ,9 ! acts ( our ,savi\r1 & ( ! ,virg91 x may be useful to consult ,gio4 ,alb]to ,fabrizio1 9 ! collection entitl$ ,codex ,apocr4 ,novi ,te/am5ti2 9 ! acts ( ! apo/les & m>tyrs1 x is n s mu* _! real hi/ory1 z ! leg5ds1 ei!r manife/ly false or suspect$1 z rec\nt$ by ! ,boll&i/i1 t w ?r[ light ^u ! subject4 ,footnote #fj3 ,see ,vas>i 9 ! life ( ,sp9ello ,aret9o3 ,simone ,c9i1 a ,flor5t9e1 c>v$ x1 x 0 gilt by ,gabriello ,s>ac9i1 & ,sp9ello di ,luca ( ,arezzo1 pa9t$ x 9 ! ye> #ache4 ,a simil> signature may be se5 9 ,pittura ,v5eziana1 page #ae4 ,,flor5t9e ,,s*ool4 ,,epo* ,i4 ,flor5t9e ,pa9t]s :o liv$ aft] ,giotto to ! end ( ! fifte5? c5tury4 ,,sect4 ,,ii4 ,x is wor?y ( rem>k1 t ,vas>i1 9 ! life ( ,jacopo di ,cas5t9o1 quotes ! manuscript records ( ! society ( ,/4 ,luke1 aft]w>ds pr9t$ by ,bald9ucci1 & m5tions f\rte5 pa9t]s :o 7 =m]ly its capta9s1 c\nsellors1 or *amb]la9s2 yet he takes no notice ( !m 9 8 ,lives1 & ( b v few ( ! great numb] nam$ 9 t manuscript4 ,! same selection 0 employ$ by ,bald9ucci1 9 ^: ,,veglia we are in=m$ t _m pa9t]s fl\ri%$ ab\t #acjj1 ! names ( :om he has refus$ to ins]t 9 8 anecdotes4 ,x cle>ly appe>s f 8 writ+s t he omitt$ ab\t a hundr$1 all belong+ to t age4#fa ,x is !re=e incorrect to say1 t ^? two hi/orians h commemorat$ _m arti/s ( m$iocrity1 m]ely because !y 7 natives ( ,flor5ce1 an accusation alleg$ aga9/ !m by =eign]s4 ,! arti/s ( _! c\ntry :om !y h transmitt$ to po/]ity1 are n less wor?y ( record ?an ^? anci5t ones ( ,v5ice1 ( ,bologna1 & ( ,lomb>dy1 :om we are accu/om$ to praise 9 _! respective s*ools4 ,among ?is numb] ,i include ,buffalmacco1 ! wit ^: je/s1 z record$ 9 ,boccaccio & ,sac*etti1 r5d] him m celebrat$ ?an 8 pictures4 ,8 real "n 0 ,buonamico di ,cri/(ano4 ,he _h be5 ! s*ol> ( ,tafi1 b by liv+ long 9 ! "t ( ,giotto1 he _h an opportunity ( correct+ 8 own /yle4 ,he display$ a mo/ lively fancy1 & :5 he *ose to ex]t himself 7:i* r>ely happ5$7 0 n inf]ior to any ( 8 contempor>ies4#fb ,x is un=tunate t 8 be/ works1 :i* 7 9 ! ,abbey & 9 ,ognisanti1 h p]i%$1 & !re only rema9 "s less c>efully execut$ at ,arezzo & at ,pisa4 ,! be/ pres]v$ are 9 ! ,campo ,santo2 viz4 ! ,creation ( ! ,_w1 9 :i* !re is a figure ( ! ,deity1 five cubits high1 su/a9+ ! mighty frame ( ! heav5s & ! elem5ts1 & ?ree o!r hi/orical pictures ( ,adam1 ( 8 *ildr51 & ( ,noah4 ,a crucifixion1 resurrection1 & asc5sion ( ! ,r$eem]1 may be se5 at ! same place4 ,good symmetry is n to be look$ = 9 !m2 he knew b little ( design1 & he drew 8 figures by o!r rules ?an ! r\ndness & facility se5 9 ! disciples ( ,giotto4 ,8 heads are defici5t 9 beauty & v>iety4 ,! pi\s wom5 ne> ! cross all h ! same mean & vulg> features1 9 :i* ! m\?s are op5$ ev5 to de=mity4 ,"s ( ! heads ( ! m51 especially t ( ,ca91 possess1 h[ev]1 a physiognomical expression :i* arre/s ! eye ( ! spectator4 ,! air ( nature too 9 ! action1 z 9 ! man1 :o1 full ( horror1 flies f ,m\nt ,calv>y1 is highly praisewor?y4 ,8 drap]ies are greatly v>i$1 are di/+ui%$ by ! diff]5ce ( /uffs & l9+s1 & are labori\sly ornam5t$ ) fl[]s & ) fr+es4 ,be=e he 0 employ$ 9 ! ,campo ,santo1 he pa9t$ 9 ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,paul1 ,ripa d',arno1 :]e he 0 associat$ ) "o ,bruno di ,giovanni1 =m]ly 8 fell[ /ud5t1 & believ$ to be ! pa9t] ( a ,/4 ,ursula 9 a piece :i* /ill exi/s 9 ! ,comm5da4 ,unable to atta9 ! expression ( ,buffalmacco1 he tri$ to atone = ! defect by ! aid ( s5t5ces proce$+ f ! m\?s ( 8 figures1 :i* express$ :at _! features & attitudes 7 incapable ( expla9+1 a practice 9 :i* he 0 prec$$ by ,cimabue1 & foll[$ by ! ecc5tric ,orcagna & sev]al o!rs4 ,?is ,bruno1 toge!r ) ,nello di ,d9o1 0 associat$ ) ,buffalmacco 9 ! je/s contriv$ = ! simple ,cal&r9o4 ,!y all owe _! fame to ,boccaccio1 :o introduces !m 9 ! eigh? day ( 8 ,decam]one2 & a simil> fav\r 0 conf]r$ by ,sac*etti on a ,b>tolo ,gioggi1 a h\se-pa9t]1 :om he introduc$ into 8 "o hundr$ & sev5tie? tale4 ,giovanni da ,ponte1 ! s*ol> ( ,buffalmacco1 _h "s m]it1 b he 0 n at all solicit\s to increase x by 8 dilig5ce4 ,"s rema9s ( 8 pictures exi/ on ! walls ( ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,francis1 at ,arezzo4 ,i believe t ,b]n>do ,orcagna1 :o rivall$ ! fame ( ,buffalmacco1 proce$$ f "s old s*ool4 ,he 0 ! son ( "o ,cione1 a sculptor1 & 8 bro!r ,jacopo 0 ( ! same pr(ession3 b ! o!r bro!r1 ,&rea1 surpass$ !m all2 & 9 himself s f> unit$ ! atta9m5ts ( ! ?ree si/] arts1 t he 0 by "s reckon$ second only to ,giotto4 ,he is kn[n among ar*itects = hav+ introduc$ ! circul> ar* in/ead ( ! acute1 z may be se5 9 ! gall]y ( ! ,lanzi1 :i* he built & ornam5t$ ) sculpture4 ,b]n>do taught him ! pr9ciples ( pa9t+4 ,!y :o h repres5t$ him z ! pupil ( ,angiol ,gaddi1 d n appe> att5tive to dates4 ,9 ! ,/rozzi *apel 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,m>ia ,novella1 he & ,b]n>do pa9t$ ,p>adise1 & ov] aga9/ x ! ,inf]nal ,regions2 & 9 ! ,campo ,santo ( ,pisa1 ,dea? & ! ,judgm5t 7 execut$ by ,&rea1 & ,hell by ,b]n>do4 ,! two bro!rs imitat$ ,dante 9 ! novel repres5tations :i* !y execut$ at ^? places2 & t /yle 0 m happily repeat$ by ,&rea 9 ! *ur* ( ,santa ,croce1 :]e he ins]t$ portraits ( 8 enemies among ! damn$1 & ( 8 fri5ds among ! bless$ spirits4 ,^! pictures are ! prototypes ( simil> pictures pres]v$ 9 ,s4 ,petronio1 at ,bologna1 9 ! ca!dral ( ,tol5t9o1 9 ! ,badia del ,se/o1 at ,friuli1#fc & "s o!r places1 9 :i* hell is di/+ui%$ by abysses & a v>iety ( torm5ts1 aft] ! mann] ( ,dante4 ,sev]al pictures by ,&rea rema91 & 8 "n is /ill on t 9 ! ,/rozzi *apel1 :i* is full ( figures & ( episodes4 ,on ! :ole1 he discov]s f]tility ( imag9ation1 dilig5ce1 & _s1 equal to any ( 8 contempor>ies4 ,9 composition he 0 less judici\s1 9 attitudes less exact1 ?an ! foll[]s ( ,giotto2 & he yields to !m 9 draw+ & 9 col\r+4 ,! same s*ool produc$ ,m>9otto1 a nephew ( ,&rea1 & a ,tommaso di ,m>co1 :om ,i pass ov]1 z well z o!rs ( little note1 no long] kn[n by exi/+ works4 ,b]n>do ,nello di ,gio4 ,falconi ( ,pisa m]its consid]ation4 ,he execut$ _m pictures 9 t ca!dral1 & is suppos$ to be ! same ) t ,nello di ,vanni1 :o1 ) o!r ,pisan arti/s1 pa9t$ 9 ! ,campo ,santo 9 ! f\rte5? c5tury4 ,francesco ,tra9i1 a ,flor5t9e1 is kn[n z mu* sup]ior to 8 ma/]1 by a l>ge picture :i* is 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,ca!r9e ( ,pisa1 9 :i* he has repres5t$ ,/4 ,?omas ,aqu9as 9 8 own =m1 & also 9 8 beatification4 ,he /&s 9 ! middle ( ! picture1 "u ! ,r$eem]1 :o %$s a glory on ! ,evangeli/s & him2 & f !m ! rays are scatt]$ on a cr[d ( li/5]s1 compos$ ( cl]gy1 doctors1 bi%ops1 c>d9als1 & popes4 ,arius & o!r innovators are at ! feet ( ! sa9t1 z if vanqui%$ by 8 doctr9e2 & ne> him appe> ,plato & ,ari/otle1 ) _! volumes op51 a circum/ance n to be comm5d$ 9 su* a subject4 ,?is "w exhibits no skill 9 gr\p+1 no k ( relief1 & x ab\nds 9 attitudes :i* are ei!r too tame1 or too con/ra9$2 & yet x pleases by a m>k$ expression 9 ! c\nt5ances1 an air ( ! antique 9 ! drap]ies1 & a c]ta9 novelty 9 ! composition4 ,let u n[ pass on to ! foll[]s ( ,giotto4 ,! s*ol>s ( ,giotto h fall5 into an error common to ! foll[]s ( all illu/ri\s m52 9 despair+ to surpass1 !y h only aspir$ to imitate him ) facility4 ,on ?is acc\nt ! art did n advance s quickly z x might o!rwise h done1 among ! ,flor5t9e & o!r arti/s ( ! f\rte5? c5tury1 :o fl\ri%$ aft] ,giotto4 ,9 ! sev]al cities above m5tion$1 ,giotto inv>iably appe>s sup]ior :5 se5 9 ! vic9ity ( su* pa9t]s z ,cavall9i1 or ,gaddi2 & :oev] is acqua9t$ ) 8 /yle1 /&s 9 no ne$ ( a prolix acc\nt ( t ( 8 foll[]s1 :i*1 ) a g5]al resemblance to him1 is less gr& & less agreeable4 ,/efano ,fior5t9o alone is a sup]ior g5ius 9 ! op9ion ( ,vas>i1 accord+ to ^: acc\nt he greatly excell$ ,giotto 9 e dep>tm5t ( pa9t+4 ,he 0 ! son ( ,ca!r9e1 a daught] ( ,giotto1 & possess$ a g5ius = p5etrat+ into ! difficulties ( ! art1 & an insup]able desire ( conqu]+ !m4 ,he fir/ introduc$ =e%ort5+s into pa9t+1 & if 9 ?is he did n atta9 8 object1 he greatly improv$ ! p]spective ( build+s1 ! attitudes1 & ! v>iety & expression ( ! heads4 ,accord+ to ,l&9o he 0 call$ ! ,ape ( ,nature1 an eulogy ( a rude age2 s9ce su* animals1 9 imitat+ ! works ( man1 always debase !m3 b ,/efano endeav\r$ to equal & to embelli% ^? ( nature4 ,! mo/ celebrat$ ( 8 pictures :i* 7 9 ! ,ara ,coeli at ,rome1 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,spirito at ,flor5ce1 & 9 o!r places1 h all p]i%$4 ,z f> z ,i "k1 8 c\ntry does n possess "o ( 8 und\bt$ pictures2 unless we m5tion z su*1 t ( ! ,savi\r 9 ! ,campo ,santo ( ,pisa1 :i*1 inde$1 is 9 a great] mann] ?an ! works ( ?is ma/]1 b x has be5 ret\*$4 ,a ,pieta1 by 8 son & disciple ,tommaso1 z is believ$ by "s1 exi/s 9 ,s4 ,remigi at ,flor5ce1 :i* /rongly p>takes ( ! mann] ( ,giotto2 l 8 frescos at ,assisi4 ,he des]v$ ! "n ( ,giott9o1 giv5 him by 8 fell[ citiz5s1 :o us$ to say t ! s\l ( ,giotto _h transmigrat$1 & animat$ him4 ,bald9ucci alleges t !re 0 ano!r ( ! same "n1 :o %\ld n be conf\nd$ ) him1 & quotes ! foll[+ inscription f a picture 9 ! ,villa ,tolomei1 ,dip9se ,tommaso di ,/efano ,=tunat9o de' ,gucci ,tolomei4 ,b ,c9elli1 ! /r5u\s oppon5t ( ,bald9ucci1 attributes x1 p]haps ju/ly1 to ,giott9o4 ,?is arti/ left beh9d him "o ,lippo1 suffici5tly comm5d$ by ,vas>i1 b :o r seems to h be5 an imitator ?an a s*ol>4 ,giovanni ,tossicani ( ,arezzo1 0 a disciple ( ,giott9o1 employ$ 9 ,pisa & ov] all ,tuscany4 ,he pa9t$ ! ,/4 ,philip & ,/4 ,james1 :i* /ill rema9 on ! baptismal font 9 ,arezzo1 & 7 repair$ by ,vas>i :ile a "y man1 :o ackn[l$ges t he le>n$ mu* f ?is "w1 injur$ z x 04 ,) him p]i%$ ! be/ bran* ( ! /ock ( ,giotto4 ,taddeo ,gaddi may be consid]$ z ! ,giulio ,romano ( ,giotto1 8 mo/ intimate & highly fav\r$ pupil4 ,vas>i1 :o saw 8 frescos & easel pictures at ,flor5ce1 9 good pres]vation1 pref]s him to 8 ma/]1 9 col\r+ & 9 delicacy2 b ! lapse ( "t at ?is day =bids our decid+ ?is po9t1 al?\gh sev]al ( 8 pictures rema91 especially 9 ! *ur* ( ,santa ,croce1 :i* are scriptural hi/ories1 mu* 9 ! mann] ( ,giotto4 ,he discov]$ m orig9ality 9 ! *apt] h\se ( ! ,spagnuoli1 :]e he work$ 9 competition ) ,memmi4#fd ,he pa9t$ "s ( ! acts ( ! ,r$eem] on ! ceil+1 & ! desc5t ( ! ,holy ,_s 9 ! refectory1 :i* is among ! f9e/ specim5s ( art 9 ! f\rte5? c5tury4 ,on "o ( ! walls he pa9t$ ! ,sci5ces1 & "u ea* "s "o ( its celebrat$ pr(essors2 & demon/rat$ 8 excell5ce 9 ?is species ( allegorical pa9t+1 :i* approa*es s ne>ly to poetry4 ,! brilliance & cle>ness ( 8 t9ts are *iefly conspicu\s 9 t *apt] h\se4 ,! royal gall]y conta9s ! tak+ d[n ( ,*ri/1 ! "w ( 8 h&s1 :i* 0 =m]ly at ,orsanmi*ele1 & by "s ascrib$ to ,buffalmacco1 m]ely because x 0 unasc]ta9$4 ,taddeo fl\ri%$ beyond ! t]m assign$ him by ,vas>i1 & outliv$ mo/ ( ^? already nam$4 ,?is may be collect$ f ,franco ,sac*etti1 a contempor>y writ]1 :o relates 9 8 #acf? ,tale1 t ,&rea ,orcagna propos$ z a "q1 :o 0 ! greate/ ma/]1 sett+ ,giotto out ( ! "q8 ,"s answ]$ ,cimabue1 o!rs ,/efano1 "s ,b]n>do1 & "s ,buffalmacco4 ,taddeo ,gaddi1 :o 0 9 ! company1 said1 truly ^! 7 v able pa9t]s1 b ! art is decay+ e day1 c4 ,he is m5tion$ up to #aceb1 & he might possibly survive sev]al ye>s4 ,he left at 8 dea? sev]al disciples1 :o became em95t tea*]s ( pa9t+ 9 ,flor5ce1 & o!r places4 ,d4 ,lor5zo ,camaldolese is m5tion$ ) hon\r4 ,he in/ruct$ pupils 9 ! art2 & sev]al old pictures by him & 8 s*ol>s are 9 ! mona/]y ( ! ,angeli4 ,at t "t ! frat]nity ( ,camaldulites furni%$ "s m9iature pa9t]s1 "o ( :om1 nam$ ,d4 ,silve/ro1 ornam5t$ missals1 :i* /ill exi/1 & are among/ ! be/ t ,italy possesses4 ,! mo/ fav\r$ pupils ( ,taddeo 7 ,giovanni da ,milano1 :om ,i %all notice 9 ! s*ool ( ,lomb>dy1 & ,jacopo di ,cas5t9o1 :o also w f9d a place !re1 toge!r ) 8 imitators4 ,to ^! two he recomm5d$ on 8 dea?-b$ 8 two sons & disciples3 ,giovanni1 :o di$ prematurely1 ) a reputation = g5ius2 & ,angiolo1 :o be+ !n v "y1 mo/ ne$$ a protector4 ,! latt] di$1 accord+ to ,vas>i1 at #fc ye>s ( age2 9 #aehi1 accord+ to ! date ( ,bald9ucci4 ,he did n improve ! art 9 proportion to 8 abilities1 b cont5t$ himself ) imitat+ ,giotto & 8 fa!r1 9 :i* he 0 a/oni%+ly successful4 ,! *ur* ( ,s4 ,pancrazio possess$ "o picture by him1 conta9+ sev]al sa9ts1 & "s hi/ories f ! ,gospel1 :i* may /ill be se5 9 ! mona/]y1 divid$ into sev]al pieces1 & col\r$ 9 a ta/e sup]ior to :at 0 !n usual4 ,!re is ano!r 9 ! same /yle 9 ! sacri/y ( ! ,conv5tual fri>s1 by :om he 0 employ$ 9 ! *oir ( ! *ur*1 to pa9t 9 fresco ! /ory ( ! recov]y ( ! ,cross1 & its transportation 9 ! "t ( ,h]aclius2 a "w inf]ior to ! o!rs1 because mu* l>g]1 & to him some:at new4 ,he aft]w>ds liv$ at ,v5ice1 z a m]*ant r ?an z a pa9t]2 & ,bald9ucci1 :o seizes e opportunity ( support+ 8 hypo!sis1 says1 t if he 0 n ! f\nd] ( t s*ool1 he1 at lea/1 improv$ x4 ,b ,i %all demon/rate1 9 ! prop] place1 t ! ,v5etian s*ool 0 advanc+ to a mod]n /yle1 be=e ,angiolo c\ld h taught 9 t place2 & 9 ! _m old pictures ,i saw at ,v5ice1 ,i 0 unable to recal to m9d ! delicate /yle ( ,angiolo4 ,! ,v5etians owe to him ! education ( ,/efano da ,v]ona1 :om ,i %all consid] 9 ! second volume2 & he gave ! ,flor5t9es ,c5n9o ,c5n9i1 prais$ by ,vas>i z a col\ri/1 ( :om z a writ] ,i %all soon make m5tion4 ,9 ! s*ool ( ,angiolo ,gaddi we may reckon ,antonio ,v5eziano1 conc]n+ :om ,vas>i & ,bald9ucci disagree4 ,! =m] makes him a ,v5etian1 :o came to ,flor5ce to le>n pa9t+ ( ,agnolo ,gaddi3 ! latt]1 a sy/ematic writ]1 z we h se51 ass]ts t he 0 born 9 ,flor5ce1 & t he obta9$ ! surname ( ,v5eziano1 f 8 resid5ce & _m lab\rs 9 ,v5ice1 on ! au?ority ( c]ta9 memoirs 9 ! ,/rozzi libr>y1 :i* 71 p]haps1 d\bt$ by himself2 = _h !y be5 ( high au?ority1 he w\ld n h omitt$ to proclaim _! antiquity4 ,h[ev] ?is may be1 ea* ( !m is a little inconsi/5t ) himself4 ,z !y ass]t t ,antonio di$ ( ! plague 9 #achd1 or1 accord+ to ! correction ( _! annotators1 9 #achc1 at ! age ( #gd1 x foll[s t he 0 born _m ye>s be=e ,gaddi1 ^: disciple1 !re=e1 we _c easily suppose him4 ,x is likewise r5d]$ d\btful by 8 design 9 ! leg5ds ( ,s4 ,rani]i1#fe :i* rema9 9 ! ,campo ,santo ( ,pisa1 :]e !re is a c]ta9 facility1 c>e1 & caprice 9 ! composition1 t sav\r ( ano!r s*ool4 ,vas>i1 moreov]1 notices a me?od ( pa9t+ 9 fresco1 )\t ev] re-t\*+ x :5 dry1 t w\ld seem to h be5 introduc$ f o!r p>ts1 diff]5t f :at 0 employ$ by ! ,tuscan arti/s1 8 competitors1 ^: pa9t+s1 9 ! "t ( ! hi/orian1 7 n 9 z good a /ate ( pres]vation z ^? ( ,antonio4 ,9 ! same place he deposit$ 8 portrait1 :i* ! describ]s ( ! ducal gall]y at ,flor5ce pret5d /ill to f9d 9 ! *amb] ( celebrat$ arti/s4 ,?is portrait is1 h[ev]1 pa9t$ 9 a mann] s mod]n1 t ,i _c believe x ! "w ( a pa9t] s anci5t4 ,on ?is occasion ,i mu/ obs]ve t !re 0 ano!r ,antonio ,v5eziano1 :om ?is picture probably repres5ts1 & :o1 ab\t ! ye> #aejj1 pa9t$1 at ,osimo1 a picture ( ,/4 ,francis1 9 ! mann] ( t age1 & inscrib$ x ) 8 "n4 ,i le>n$ ?is f ! accompli%$ ,sig4 ,cav4 ,aqua1 :o add$1 t ?is "n _h be5 eras$1 & t ( ,pietro ,p]ug9o ins]t$1 :o c]ta9ly ga9s no v great hon\r by su* sub/itution4 ,we le>n f hi/ory#ff t ,antonio educat$ 9 ,paolo ,uccello1 a great arti/ 9 p]spective2 & 9 ,gh]>do ,/>n9a1 a ma/] 9 ! gay /yle1 ( :om !re are yet "s remnants1 9 a *apel ( ! *ur* ( ,santa ,croce4 ,!y are among ! la/ ef=ts ( ! s*ool ( ,giotto1 :i* succe$+ arti/s ab&on$1 to adopt a bett] mann]4 ,"o exception occurs 9 ,antonio ,vite1 :o execut$ "s works 9 ! old /yle1 9 ,pi/oia1 8 native city1 & 9 ,pisa4 ,i may "h obs]ve1 t ,/>n9a & ,dello ,fior5t9o %ortly aft] introduc$ ! new ,italian mann] 9 ! c\rt ( ,spa91 & return$ to ,flor5ce ) hon\r & ) afflu5ce4 ,! fir/ rema9$ to enjoy !m 9 8 native c\ntry1 until ! "t ( 8 dea?3 ! latt] return$ back to increase !m2 &1 accord+ to ,vas>i1 he left no public "w 9 ,flor5ce1 except an hi/oric design ( ,isaac1 9 gre5 e>?1 9 a cloi/] ( ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,m>ia ,novella3 p]haps he ought to h said1 t he left v>i\s works1 = sev]al are !re visible1 all 9 ! same ta/e1 & s rude1 z to induce u to reckon him r a foll[] ( ,buffalmacco ?an ( ,giotto4 ,b he excell$ 9 small pieces2 & !re 0 none !n liv+ :o c\ld m elegantly ornam5t cab9ets1 c(f]s1 ! backs ( c\*es1 or o!r h\sehold furniture1 ) subjects f hi/ory & fable4 ,among ! disciples ( ,taddeo ,gaddi ,i h nam$ ,jacopo del ,cas5t9o1 ( :om !re are "s rema9s 9 ! *ur* ( ,orsanmi*ele4 ,jacopo taught ,sp9ello ,aret9o1 a man ( a mo/ lively fancy1 z may be ga!r$ f "s ( 8 pictures 9 ,arezzo1 no less ?an f 8 life4 ,he pa9t$ also at ,flor5ce1 & 0 "o ( ^? :o _h ! hon\r ( ornam5t+ ! ,campo ,santo ( ,pisa ) hi/orical pa9t+s4 ,8 pictures ( ! m>tyrs ,s4 ,petito & ,s4 ,epiro1 are notic$ by ,vas>i z 8 be/ p]=mances4 ,he 01 h[ev]1 inf]ior to 8 competitors by ! meanness ( 8 design1 & ! /yle ( 8 col\r+1 9 :i* gre5 & black are pr$om9ant1 )\t be+ suffici5tly reliev$ by o!r col\rs4 ,! fall ( ! angels /ill rema9s 9 ,s4 ,angelo at ,arezzo1 9 :i* ,lucif] is repres5t$ s t]rible1 t x aft]w>ds haunt$ ! dreams ( ! arti/1 &1 d]ang+ bo? 8 m9d & body1 ha/5$ 8 dea?4 ,b]n>do ,daddi 0 8 s*ol>2 a man less kn[n 9 8 own c\ntry ?an at ,flor5ce1 :]e he execut$ a picture1 se5 on ! gate ( ,san ,giorgio 7,see ,mor5i1 lib4 v4 p4 #e472 z 0 also ,p>ri1 ! son ( ,sp9ello1 :o mod]nis$ 8 /yle some:at on ! mann] ( ,masol9o4 ,! latt] excell$ 9 ! art ( col\r+1 b he 0 b>b>\s 9 ! draw+ ( 8 figures1 :i* he made extravagantly long & b5d+1 9 ord]1 z he 0 us$ to say1 to give !m great] _s4 ,"o may see "s rema9s ( !m at ,arezzo 9 ,s4 ,dom5ico1 & o!r places4 ,lor5zo di ,bicci ( ,flor5ce1 ano!r s*ol> ( ,sp9ello1 0 ! ,vas>i ( 8 "t1 = ! multiplicity1 cel]ity1 & easy self-complac5cy1 %ewn 9 8 lab\rs4 ,! fir/ cloi/] ( ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,croce reta9s sev]al specim5s1 consi/+ ( ! leg5ds ( ,s4 ,francis2 & !re is an ,assumption on ! front1 9 :i* he 0 assi/$ by ,donatello1 :ile /ill a "y man4 ,p]haps 8 be/ "w is ! fresco1 ornam5t+ ! sanctu>y ( ,s4 ,m>ia ,nuova1 built by ,m>t9 ,v4 ab\t ! ye> #adah4 ,8 son ,n]i is reckon$ among ! la/ foll[]s ( ,giotto4 ,he liv$ b a %ort "t2 he left1 9 ,s4 ,romolo1 a picture :i* w\ld n h disgrac$ 8 fa!r1 & :i* is c]ta9ly m c>efully execut$ ?an 0 usual ) ! latt]4 ,dur+ ! f\rte5? c5tury1 sculpture 0 cultivat$ at ,pisa by z _m arti/s z pa9t+ 0 at ,flor5ce2 b ,pisa 0 n on t acc\nt de/itute ( pa9t]s wor?y ( be+ record$4 ,vas>i m5tions "o ,vic9o1 :o f9i%$ ! mosaic begun by ,turrita1 assi/$ by ,tafi & ,gaddi1 & adds1 t he 0 also a pa9t]4 ,sig4 da ,morrona says1 t he reta9$ ! old /yle ( 8 s*ool2 :i* 0 ! case ) _m o!rs1 z appe>s f sev]al old ,madonnas ^u panels1 bo? ( anonym\s & ( asc]ta9$ pa9t]s4 ,( ?is sort is t 9 ! old *ur* ( ,tripalle1 & t at ,s4 ,mat!w's 9 ,pisa4 ,on ! fir/ is ?is inscription1 ,n]us ,nellus de ,pisa me p9xit1 #abii3 on ! second we read1 ,jacopo di ,nicola dip9tore detto ,g]a mi dip9se4 ,! mode ( expression is d]iv$ f ! m'epoiese ( ! ,greeks2 to :i* ! old ,pisans closely adh]$ 9 _! pa9t+s1 _! sculptures1 & _! bronzes4#fg ,l ! o!r ,italians !y at l5g? re=m$ _! /yle1 & !re1 z well z at ,flor5ce & ,si5a1 families ( pa9t]s arose1 9 :i* ! fa!rs 7 excell$ by _! sons1 & !y by _! *ildr54 ,?us1 f ,vanni1 :o fl\ri%$ 9 #acjj1 sprung ,tur9o di ,vanni1 :o fl\ri%$ ab\t #acdc1 & ,nello di ,vanni1 :o pa9t$ 9 ! ,campo ,santo1 ^: son ,b]n>do 0 ! disciple ( ,orcagna1 & furni%$ _m pictures = ! palace ( ! primate4 ,!re 0 also 9 t city "o ,&rea di ,lippo1 :o is notic$ 9 ! ,academical ,disc\rse on ! lit]>y hi/ory ( ,pisa1 9 ! ye> #accf2 ! same1 ,i believe1 ) t ,&rea da ,pisa1 m5tion$ among ! arti/s t ornam5t$ ! ca!dral ( ,orvieto 9 #acdf4 ,a "w by "o ,giovanni di ,niccolo rema9s 9 ! mona/]y ( ,s4 ,m>?a1 &1 p]haps1 he pa9t$ ! f9e trittico ( ! ,zelada museum at ,rome1 :i* repres5ts our ,savi\r ) ,s4 ,/eph51 ,s4 ,aga?a1 & o!r sa9ts1 & :i* has ?is inscription1 ,jo4 de ,pisis p9xit4 ,?is is a picture ( great lab\r1 by "s ascrib$ to ,gio4 ,balducci2 :i*1 if x 0 asc]ta9$1 w\ld conf] hon\r on t great man1 z a pr(essor ( ! ?ree si/] arts4 ,t[>ds ! end ( ! c5tury ! p[] ( ! ,pisans decl9$1 r f civil discord ?an f o!r mis=tunes2 till at l5g? ! city fell into ! h&s ( ! ,flor5t9es 9 #adjf1 & lay = a long "t pro/rate & humbl$1 depriv$1 n only ( h] arti/s1 b almo/ ( h] citiz5s2 & fully glutt$ ! anci5t hatr$ ( h] ho/ile neighb\rs4 ,%e at l5g? rose aga91 n1 inde$1 to comm&1 b to m dignifi$ subjection4 ,! _s ( ! ,flor5t9es 9 ! mean "t increas+ ) _! p[]1 !y became *iefly solicit\s to suit ! magnific5ce ( _! capital to ! gr&eur ( ! /ate4 ,cosmo1 at once ! fa!r ( 8 c\ntry & ( m5 ( g5ius1 gave /ability to public affairs4 ,lor5zo ! ,magnific5t1 & o!rs ( ! h\se ( ,m$ici1 foll[$1 ^: h]$it>y ta/e = lit]ature & ! f9e arts is celebrat$ 9 a multitude ( books1 & mo/ copi\sly 9 ! hi/ories writt5 by ?ree em95t au?ors1 ,monsignor ,fabroni1 ! ,signor ,ab4 ,galluzzi1 & ,mr4 ,roscoe4 ,_! h\se 0 at once a lyceum = philosoph]s1 an arcadia = poets1 & an academy = arti/s4 ,dello1 ,paolo1 ,masaccio1 ! two ,peselli1 bo? ! ,lippi1 ,b5ozzo1 ,s&ro1 ! ,ghirl&ai1 enjoy$ ! p]petual patronage ( ?is family1 & z con/antly r5d]$ x :atev] hon\r !y c\ld be/[4 ,_! pictures are full ( portraits1 accord+ to ! cu/om ( ! times1 & cont9ually pres5t$ to ! p ! lik5esses ( ! ,m$ici1 & (t5 repres5t$ !m ) regal ornam5ts 9 _! pictures ( ! ,epiphany1 z if gradually to prep>e ! p to behold ! sceptre & royal robe securely e/abli%$ 9 t h\se4 ,! good ta/e ( ! ,m$ici 0 second$ by t ( o!r citiz5s1 :o 7 !n di/ribut$ into v>i\s corporations1 accord+ to _! place ( resid5ce & pr(ession1 ea* ( :i* /rove ) reciprocal emulation to decorate _! h\ses & _! *ur*es4 ,besides ! desire ( public ornam5t1 !y 7 animat$ by religion1 :i*1 9 :at relates to div9e wor%ip1 is s widely spread1 n only among ! great1 b also among ! l[] ord]s ( p1 t ^? h a difficulty 9 believ+ :o h n beheld x4 ,_! ca!dral1 a va/ fabric1 0 already re>$ = ! c]emonies ( religion1 & "h & !re "s o!r *ur*es arose2 ^! & ! m anci5t1 9 emulation ( ea* o!r1 !y adorn$ ) pa9t+s1 a luxury unkn[n to _! ance/ors1 & less common 9 ! o!r cities ( ,italy4 ,?is disposition gave rise1 aft] ! conclusion ( ! c5tury1 to t prodigi\s numb] ( pa9t]s already m5tion$2 & h5ce sprang1 9 ! c5tury we n[ treat (1 t cr[d ( arti/s 9 m>ble1 bronze1 & silv]1 :o transf]r$ pre-em95ce 9 sculpture1 ! anci5t inh]itance ( ! ,pisans1 to ! p ( ,flor5ce4 ,! ,flor5t9es 7 desir\s ( ornam5t+ ! new ca!dral & bapti/]y1 ! *ur* ( ,orsanmi*ele1 & o!r sacr$ places1 ) /atues & basso-relievos4 ,^! br\ght =w>d ,donatello1 ,brunelles*i1 ,ghib]ti1 ,fil>ete1 ,rossell9i1 ,pollajuoli1 & ,v]roc*io1 & produc$ ^? noble works 9 m>ble1 9 bronze1 & 9 silv]1 :i* sometimes appe> to h atta9$ ! p]fection ( ! art1 & to h rivall$ ! anci5ts4 ,! ris+ g5]ation 0 in/ruct$ 9 design by ^? celebrat$ m51 & ! univ]sality ( ! pr9ciples !y taught1 made ! transition f "o art to ano!r easy4 ,! same individuals 7 (t5 /atu>ies1 f\nd]s 9 bronze1 9 gold1 lapid>ies1 pa9t]s1 or ar*itects1 tal5ts t appe> enviable to ?is age1 9 :i* an arti/ ) difficulty acquires a compet5t k 9 a s+le art4 ,su* 0 ! c\rse ( in/ruction at ,flor5ce 9 ! ,/udies1 & su* ! subsequ5t enc\ragem5t )\t1 f :i* x w n appe> wond]ful to ! read] t ?is city 0 ! =emo/ to atta9 ! p]fection ( ! art4 ,b let u trace ! /eps by :i* x advanc$ 9 ,flor5ce1 & 9 ! re/ ( ,italy4 ,! foll[]s ( ,giotto _h n[ c>ri$ pa9t+ beyond ! p]iod ( its infancy1 b x cont9u$ to give pro(s ( its infant faculties1 especially 9 *i>oscuro1 & /ill m 9 p]spective4 ,figures sometimes appe>$ z if fall+ or slipp+ f ! canvass2 build+s _h n a true po9t ( view2 & ! art ( =e%ort5+ 0 yet v rude4 ,/efano ,fior5t9o p]ceiv$ r ?an remov$ ! difficulty2 o!rs = ! mo/ "p s\ght ei!r to avoid or to comp5sate = ! defici5cy4 ,pietro della ,francesca1 :om we h else:]e notic$1 appe>s to h be5 ! fir/ :o reviv$ ! ,grecian practice ( r5d]+ geometry subs]vi5t to ! pa9t]4 ,he is celebrat$ by ,pascoli1#fh & by au?ors ( great] note1 z ! fa!r ( p]spective4 ,brunelles*i 0 ! fir/ ,flor5t9e :o saw ! me?od ( br++ x to p]fection1 :i* consi/$ 9 draw+ x 9 outl9e by ! help ( int]sections2#fi & 9 ?is mann] he drew ! squ>e ( ,/4 ,john1 & o!r places1 ) true dim9ution & ) rec$+ po9ts4 ,he 0 imitat$ 9 mosaic by ,b5$etto da ,maiano1 & 9 pa9t+ by ,masaccio1 to bo? ( :om he 0 ma/]4 ,ab\t ! same p]iod ,paolo ,uccello1 hav+ /udi$ "u ,gio4 ,manetti1 a celebrat$ ma!matician1 appli$ to x ) assiduity2 & ev5 s d$icat$ himself to ! pursuit1 t 9 lab\r+ to excel 9 ?is1 he nev] acquir$ celebrity 9 ! o!r bran*es ( pa9t+4 ,he delight$ 9 x f> beyond 8 o!r /udies1 & us$ to say t p]spective 0 ! mo/ pleasant ( all2 s true is x t novelty is a great s\rce ( enjoym5t4 ,he execut$ no "w t did n reflect "s new light on t art1 :e!r x consi/$ ( edifices & colonnades1 9 :i* a great space 0 repres5t$ 9 a small compass1 or ( figures =e%ort5$ ) a skill unkn[n to ! foll[]s ( ,giotto4 ,"s ( 8 hi/oric pictures ( ,adam1 & ( ,noah1 9 :i* he indulg$ 9 8 fav\rite ta/e = ! novel & :imsical1 rema9 9 ! cloi/]s ( ,s4 ,m>ia ,novella2 & !re are also l&scapes ) trees & animals s well execut$1 t he might be call$ ! ,bassano ( ! fir/ age4 ,he p>ticul>ly delight$ to h birds 9 8 h\se1 f :i* he drew1 & f !nce he obta9$ 8 surname ( ,uccello4 ,9 ! ca!dral !re is a gigantic portrait ( ,gio4 ,aguto on horseback1 pa9t$ by ,paolo 9 gre5 e>?4 ,?is 01 p]haps1 ! fir/ attempt made 9 pa9t+1 :i* a*iev$ a great deal )\t appe>+ too d>+4 ,he produc$ o!r specim5s at ,padua1 :]e he del9eat$ "s figures ( giants ) gre5 e>? 9 ! h\se ( ! ,vitali4 ,he 0 *iefly employ$ 9 ornam5t+ furniture = private individuals2 ! triumphs ( ,petr>* 9 ! royal gall]y1 pa9t$ on small cab9ets are suppos$ by "s good judges to be 84 ,masol9o da ,panicale cultivat$ ! art ( *i>oscuro4 ,i believe he d]iv$ advantage f hav+ long d$icat$ 8 att5tion to modell+ & sculpture1 a practice :i* r5d]s relief easy to ! pa9t]1 beyond :at is g5]ally conceiv$4 ,ghib]ti _h be5 8 ma/] 9 ?is bran*1 :o at ?is "t 0 unrivall$ 9 design1 9 composition1 & 9 giv+ animation to 8 figures4 ,col\r+1 :i* he yet want$1 0 taught him by ,/>n9a1 & 9 ?is also he became a v celebrat$ ma/]4 ,?us unit+ 9 himself ! excell5ces ( two s*ools1 he produc$ a new /yle1 n inde$ exempt f dryness1 nor :olly faultless2 b gr&1 det]m9$1 & h>moni\s1 beyond any =m] example4 ,! *apel ( ,/4 ,pet] al ,c>m9e1 is a rema9+ monum5t ( ?is arti/4 ,he !re pa9t$ ! ,evangeli/s1 & "s acts ( ! ,sa9t1 z 8 vocation to ! apo/le%ip1 ! tempe/1 ! d5y+ ( ,*ri/1 ! miracle p]=m$ at ,porta ,speciosa1 & ! ,prea*+4 ,he 0 prev5t$ by dea? f repres5t+ o!r acts ( ,/4 ,pet]1 z = in/ance1 ! tribute paid to ,caes>1 baptism conf]r$ on ! multitude1 ! heal+ ( ! sick1 :i* sev]al ye>s aft]w>ds 7 pa9t$ by 8 s*ol> ,maso di ,s4 ,giovanni1 a y\? :o obta9$ ! surname ( ,masaccio1 f tru/+ to a prec>i\s subsi/5ce1 & liv+1 z x 0 said1 by *ance1 :ile deeply engross$ ) ! /udies ( 8 pr(ession4 ,?is arti/ 0 a g5ius calculat$ to m>k an era 9 pa9t+2 & ,m5gs has assign$ him ! highe/ place among ^? :o explor$ its untri$ recesses4 ,vas>i in=ms u t :at 0 execut$ be=e 8 "t might be call$ pa9t+s1 b t 8 pictures seem to live1 !y are s true & natural2 & 9 ano!r place adds1 t no ma/] ( t age s ne>ly approa*$ ! mod]ns4 ,he _h =m$ ! pr9ciples ( 8 art on ! works ( ,ghib]ti & ,donatello2 p]spective he acquir$ f ,brunelles*i1 & on go+ to ,rome x _c be d\bt$ t he improv$ by ! /udy ( anci5t sculpture4 ,he !re met ) two s5ior arti/s1 ,g5tile da ,fabriano1 & ,vittore ,pisanello1 ^u :om high encomiums1 z ! fir/ pa9t] ( 8 "t1 may be se5 9 ,maffei & else:]e4#gj ,!y :o write ?us _h ei!r n se5 any ( ! pa9t+s ( ,masaccio1 or at mo/ only 8 e>ly productions2 su* z ! ,s4 ,anna 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,ambrose 9 ,flor5ce1 or ! *apel ( ,s4 ,ca!r9e 9 ,s4 ,clem5t's at ,rome1 9 :i*1 :ile /ill "y1 he execut$ "s pictures ( ! passion ( ,*ri/1 & leg5ds ( ,s4 ,anna1 to :i* may be add$ a ceil+ conta9+ ! ,evangeli/s1 :i* are all t n[ rema9 free f ret\*+4 ,?is "w is excell5t = t "t1 b "s d\bt :e!r x ought to be ascrib$ to him2 & x is inf]ior to 8 pa9t+ 9 ! ,c>m9e1 ( :i* we may say ) ,pl9y1 jam p]fecta sunt omnia4 ,! positions & =e%ort5+s ( ! figures are div]sifi$ & complete beyond ^? practis$ by ,paolo ,uccello4 ,! air ( ! heads1 says ,m5gs1 is 9 ! /yle ( ,raffaello2 ! expression is s manag$ t ! m9d seems no less =cibly depict$ ?an ! body4 ,! anatomy ( ! figure is m>k$ ) tru? & judgm5t4 ,t figure1 s highly extoll$ 9 ! baptism ( ,s4 ,pet]1 :i* appe>s %iv]+ ) cold1 m>ks1 z x 71 an era 9 ! art4 ,! g>m5ts1 dive/$ ( m9ut5ess1 pres5t a few easy folds4 ,! col\r+ is true1 prop]ly v>i$1 delicate1 & surpris+ly h>moni\s2 ! relief is 9 ! gr&e/ /yle4 ,?is *apel 0 n f9i%$ by him4 ,he di$ 9 #addc1 n )\t suspicion ( poison1 & left x /ill defici5t 9 sev]al pictures1 :i*1 aft] _m ye>s 7 suppli$ by ! y\ng] ,lippi4 ,x became ! s*ool ( all ! be/ ,flor5t9e arti/s :om we %all h occasion to notice 9 ?is & ! succe$+ epo*1 ( ,pietro ,p]ug9o1 & ev5 ( ,raffaello2 & x is a curi\s circum/ance1 t 9 ! c\rse ( _m ye>s1 9 a city fruitful 9 g5ius1 ev] b5t on ! promotion ( ! art1 no "o 9 foll[+ ! foot/eps ( ,masaccio atta9$ t em95ce :i* he acquir$ )\t a director4 ,"t has defac$ o!r works ( 8 h& at ,flor5ce1 equally comm5d$1 & especially ! sanctu>y ( ! *ur* del ,c>m9e1 ( :i* !re is a draw+ 9 ! possession ( ! le>n$ ,p4 ,lettor ,fontana ,b>nabita 9 ,pavia4 ,! royal gall]y has v few ( 8 works4 ,! portrait ( a "y man1 t seems to brea!1 & is e/imat$ at a high price1 is 9 ! ,pitti collection4 ,aft] ,masaccio1 two monks di/+ui%$ !mselves 9 ! ,flor5t9e s*ool4 ,! fir/ 0 a ,dom9ican fri> nam$ ,f4 ,giovanni da ,fiesole1 or ,b4 ,giovanni ,angelico4 ,8 fir/ employm5t 0 t ( ornam5t+ books ) m9iatures1 an art he le>n$ f an eld] bro!r1 :o execut$ m9iatures & o!r pa9t+s4 ,x is said t he /udi$ 9 ! *apel ( ,masaccio1 b x is n easy to cr$it ?is :5 we consid] _! ages4 ,_! /yle too betrays a diff]5t orig94 ,! works ( ! fri> discov] "s traces ( ! mann] ( ,giotto1 9 ! po/ure ( ! figures & ! comp5sation = defici5cies 9 ! art1 n to m5tion ! drap]y :i* is (t5 fold$ 9 long tube-l =ms1 & ! exquisite dilig5ce 9 m9ute p>ticul>s common to m9iature pa9t]s4 ,nor did he dep>t mu* f ?is me?od 9 ! greate/ "p ( 8 works1 :i* *iefly consi/ ( scripture pieces ( our ,savi\r1 or ! ,virg91 9 cab9et pictures n unfrequ5tly to be met ) 9 ,flor5ce4 ,! royal gall]y possesses sev]al2 ! mo/ brilliant & highly f9i%$ ( :i*1 is ! bir? ( ,john ! ,bapti/4 ,! ,glory1#ga :i* is 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,m>y ,magdal5 de' ,pazzi1 f its great size1 is among 8 r>e/ productions2 & x also ranks ) ! mo/ beautiful4 ,8 *ief excell5ce consi/s 9 ! beauty t adorns ! c\nt5ances ( 8 sa9ts & angels2 & he is truly ! ,guido ( ! age1 = ! sweetness ( 8 col\rs1 :i*1 ?\gh 9 wat]1 he dilut$ & bl5d$ 9 a mann] :i* almo/ rea*es p]fection4 ,he 0 also e/eem$ "o ( ! be/ ( 8 age 9 works execut$ 9 fresco2 & he 0 employ$ 9 ! decoration ( ! ca!dral ( ,orvieto1 z well z ! palace ( ! ,vatican itself1 :]e he pa9t$ a *apel--a "w mu* comm5d$ by a numb] ( writ]s4 ,vas>i enum]ates ,g5tile da ,fabriano among 8 disciples1 b ! dates r5d] ?is impossible2 & says ! same ( ,zanobi ,/rozzi1 a man ( noble orig91 ( :om ,i d n "k t any c]ta9 picture exi/s 9 a public collection3 ,i only "k t1 tread+ 9 ! /eps ( 8 ma/]1 he surpass$ ! reputation ( a m]e amateur4 ,b5ozzo ,gozzoli1 ano!r ( 8 disciples1 & an imitator ( ,masaccio1 rais$ himself f> above ! majority ( 8 contempor>ies4 ,9 a few po9ts he ev5 surpass$ 8 model1 z 9 ! /up5d\s size ( 8 edifices1 9 ! am5ity ( 8 l&scapes1 & 9 ! brilliancy ( 8 fancy1 truly lively1 agreeable1 & picturesque4 ,9 ! ,ricc>di palace1 once a royal resid5ce1 !re is a *apel 9 good pres]vation1 :]e he execut$ a ,glory1 a ,nativity1 & an ,epiphany4 ,he !re pa9t$ ) a pr(usion ( gold & ( drap]y1 unexampl$1 p]haps1 9 fresco2 & ) an adh]5ce to nature t exhibits an image ( t age 9 ! portraits1 ! g>m5ts1 ! acc\trem5ts ( ! horses1 & 9 ! mo/ m9ute p>ticul>s4 ,he long resid$ at ,pisa1 & di$ !re1 :]e he ought to be /udi$2 = 8 compositions 9 t place are bett] ?an ^? at ,flor5ce1 & he 0 !re also m sp>+ 9 ! use ( gold4 ,! portrait ( ,s4 ,?omas ,aqu9as is highly spok5 ( by ,vas>i & ,ri*>dson2 b !y especially notice ! pictures f scripture hi/ory1 ) :i* he ornam5t$ a :ole w+ ( ! ,campo ,santo1 a mo/ prodigi\s "w1 suffici5t to appal a legion ( pa9t]s2#gb & he f9i%$ x )9 two ye>s4 ,"h he display$ a tal5t = composition1 an imitation ( nature1 a v>iety 9 ! c\nt5ances & attitudes1 a col\r+ juicy1 lively1 & cle>1 & an expression ( ! passions t places him next to ,masaccio4 ,i c sc>cely believe t he pa9t$ ! :ole4 ,9 ! ,ebriety ( ,noah1 9 ! ,t[] ( ,babel1 & 9 "s o!r pictures1 we disc]n an attempt at surpris+1 n to be se5 9 "s o!rs1 :]e figures sometimes occur t seem dry & lab\r$2 defects :i* ,i am dispos$ r to attribute to 8 coadjutors4 ,ne> ?is great "w a monum5t is erect$ to 8 memory by a grateful city1 9 ! public "n1 ) an epitaph t comm5ds him z a pa9t]4 ,"t itself1 z if consci\s ( 8 m]it1 has respect$ ?is "w beyond any o!r 9 ! ,campo ,santo4 ,! o!r monk 0 ,filippo ,lippi1 a ,c>melite1 a g5ius ( a diff]5t /amp f ,b4 ,giovanni4 ,he receiv$ 8 in/ruction1 n f ,masaccio1 z ,vas>i w\ld h x1 b f 8 works4 ,8 assiduity 9 copy+ him1 makes him sometimes appe> a second ,masaccio1 especially 9 small hi/ories4 ,"s ( 8 *oice/ are 9 ! sacri/y ( ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,spirito4 ,9 t place1 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,s4 ,ambrose1 & else:]e1 8 pictures repres5t ! ,virg9 surr\nd$ by angels1 ) full & h&some c\nt5ances1 di/+ui%$ by a col\r+ & a gracefulness peculi>ly 8 own4 ,he delight$ 9 drap]y l ! neat folds ( a surplice2 8 t9ts 7 v cle> b delicate1 & (t5 subdu$ by a purple hue n common to o!r pa9t]s4 ,he introduc$ gigantic proportions 9 8 l>ge frescos 9 ! p>i% *ur* ( ,prato2 :]e 8 pictures ( ,s4 ,/eph5 & ! ,bapti/ 71 9 ! op9ion ( ,vas>i1 8 capital p]=mances4 ,8 =sak+ ! conv5t1 8 slav]y 9 ,b>b>y1 8 works at ,naples1 at ,padua1 & else:]e1 8 dea?1 ha/5$ by poison1 adm9i/]$ by ! relations ( a "y lady :o _h borne him a natural *ild1 likewise nam$ ,filippo ,lippi1 are record$ by ,vas>i4 ,p4 della ,valle is ( op9ion t he nev] pr(ess$ any ord]1 b 9 ! regi/] ( ,c>m9e1 8 dea? is notic$ 9 ! ye> #adfi1 & he is !re d5om9at$ ,fra ,filippo4 ,he di$ at ,spoleti :5 he _h ne>ly complet$ 8 l>ge picture = ! ca!dral4 ,lor5zo ! ,magnific5t reque/$ 8 a%es f ! t[nsm51 b 0 refus$2 on :i* he caus$ a h&some monum5t to be erect$ = him1 ) an inscription by ,angelo ,poliziano2 a circum/ance ,i m5tion1 to demon/rate ! respect paid to ! art at t p]iod4 ,f4 ,diamante da ,prato1 ! s*ol> ( ,lippi1 & 8 assi/ant 9 8 la/ "w1 imitat$ him well2 z likewise did ,francesco ,pesello1 a ,flor5t9e ( ! same s*ool2 8 son ,pesell9o1 a %ort liv$ arti/1 foll[$ him ) /ill great] success4 ,! ,epiphany ( ,francesco1 describ$ by ,vas>i1 9 :i* !re is a portrait ( ,donato ,acciaiuoli1 is 9 ! royal gall]y4 ,! grado1 pa9t$ by 8 son = ! ap>tm5ts ( ! novices ( ,s4 ,croce1 is !re /ill3 on ?is la/ are ! hi/ories ( ,s4 ,cosma & ,s4 ,damian1 ( ,s4 ,an?ony1 & ,s4 ,francis1 d5om9at$ by ! hi/orian mo/ wond]ful productions1 &1 p]haps1 ?is is n too mu* to say :5 we recollect ! p]iod4 ,ab\t ?is "t o!r able arti/s fl\ri%$ at ,flor5ce1 :o 7 obscur$ by great] names4 ,( ?is numb] 0 ,b]to ,l9aiuolo1 ^: pictures 9 private h\ses 71 = a long "t1 held 9 great repute4 ,!y 7 ev5 ord]$ by ! ,k+ ( ,hung>y1 & procur$ him great fame 9 t k+dom4 ,alessio ,baldov9etti1 ( noble extraction1 0 a pa9t] p>ticul>ly dilig5t & m9ute1 a good work] 9 mosaic1 & ! ma/] ( ,ghirl&aio4 ,9 8 picture ( ! ,nativity 9 ! por* ( ! ,nunziata1 & 9 8 o!r works1 ! design1 r ?an ! col\r+1 may n[ be said to rema92 = ! t9ts h vani%$1 f a defect 9 _! composition4 ,to !m we may add ,v]roc*io1 a celebrat$ /atu>y1 a good design]1 & a pa9t] = amusem5t r ?an by pr(ession4 ,:ile he pa9t$ ! ,baptism ( ,*ri/ at ,s4 ,salvi1 8 s*ol>1 ,l4 da ,v9ci1 !n a y\?1 f9i%$ an angel1 9 a mann] sup]ior to ! figures ( 8 ma/]1 :o1 indignant at 8 own inf]iority to a boy1 nev] m h&l$ ! p5cil4 ,bald9ucci imag9es t ,&rea del ,ca/agno1 a "n infam\s 9 hi/ory1 0 a s*ol> ( ,masaccio3 he 0 r 8 imitator1 9 attitude1 relief1 & ca/+ ( ! drap]y1 ?an 9 grace & col\r+4 ,he liv$ at ! "t t ! secret ( pa9t+ 9 oil 7discov]$ by ,john ,van ,ey*1 or ,john ( ,bruges1 ab\t #adaj71gc 0 kn[n 9 ,italy1 n only by report1 b by exp]i5ce ( ! advantages ( ?is me?od4 ,our arti/s1 admir+ ! h>mony1 delicacy1 & brilliance1 :i* col\rs receiv$ f ?is discov]y1 sigh$ to possess ! secret4 ,= ?is purpose1 "o ,antonello da ,mess9a1 :o _h /udi$ at ,rome1 travell$ to ,fl&]s1 & hav+ le>n$ ! secret1 accord+ to ,vas>i1 f ! inv5tor1 w5t to ,v5ice1 :]e he communicat$ x to a fri5d nam$ ,dom5ico4 ,aft] hav+ practis$ mu* 9 8 own c\ntry1 at ,loreto1#gd & o!r p>ts ( ! ecclesia/ical /ates1 ,dom5ico came to ,flor5ce4 ,!re he became ! g5]al fav\rite1 & on t acc\nt 0 envi$ by ,ca/agna1 ^: dissembl$ fri5d%ip won him to imp>t ! secret1 & rew>d$ him by an atroci\s assass9ation1 :i* he p]petrat$1 9 ord] t !re might be none liv+ to rival him 9 ! art4 ,! assass9 0 suffici5tly skilful to conceal 8 crime1 ow+ to :i* a numb] ( innoc5t p]sons soon fell "u suspicion1 :i* did n induce ! real crim9al to av[ ! atroci\s de$1 until he lay ^u 8 dea?-b$1 :5 he disclos$ 8 guilt & did ju/ice to ! innoc5ce ( o!rs4 ,he _h ! reputation ( be+ ! fir/ arti/ ( 8 "t1 = vig\r1 = design1 & = p]spective1 hav+ p]fect$ ! art ( =e%ort5+4 ,8 f9e/ works h p]i%$3 "o ( 8 pictures rema9s at ,s4 ,lucia de' ,magnuoli1 & also "s ( 8 hi/oric pieces1 execut$ ) great dilig5ce4 ,!re is also a ,crucifixion1 pa9t$ on a wall 9 ! mona/]y ( ! ,angeli4 ,_m writ]s h appe>$ :o d5y ! above m5tion$ /atem5t ( ,vas>i1 & ma9ta9 t ! art ( pa9t+ 9 oil 0 kn[n long be=e4 ,x is pret5d$ t x exi/$ 9 ! "t ( ! ,romans1 an op9ion t is adopt$ by ,sig4 ,ranza1 9 reg>d to a picture said to be ( ,s4 ,hel5a1 consi/+ ( a quilt+ ( diff]5t pieces ( silk /it*$ toge!r1 exhibit+ a picture ( ! ,virg9 ,sa9t ) ! ,infant4 ,! heads & h&s are col\r$ 9 oils2 ! drap]y is %ad$ ) ! ne$le1 & 9 a great measure ) ! p5cil4 ,x is pres]v$ 9 ,v]celli1 & f ! tradition ( its citiz5s report$ by ,mabillon 7,di>4 ,ital4 ,cap4 #bh71 x is said to be ! "w ( ,s4 ,hel5a1 "m ( ,con/ant9e2 t is1 ! pat*es ( silk 7 sew$ by h]1 & ! gild+ & pa9t+ add$ to x by h] pa9t]1 z is conjectur$ by ,ranza4 ,he 0 n aw>e t ! practice ( draw+ ! ,infant ,*ri/ 9 ! lap ( ! ,virg9 7z we notice 9 ! preface to ! ,roman s*ool71 0 po/]ior to ! f\r? c5tury2 & t o!r p>ticul>s relat$ by him ( ! picture _c belong to ! age ( ,con/ant9e2 = in/ance1 ! hood$ mantle ( our ,lady4 ,f su* signs we ought r to conclude t x is ei!r n an oil pa9t+1 or t ! figure1 at :atev] p]iod execut$1 has be5 ret\*$ 9 ! same way z t ( ! ,nunziata at ,flor5ce1 or ( ! ,santa ,m>ia ,prim]ana at ,fiesole2 ! =m] ( :i* 9 ! drap]y1 & ! latt] 9 ! l9eam5ts1 are n ! same n[ z 9 _! anci5t /ate4 ,o!rs1 )\t asc5d+ to ! fir/ ages ( ! *ur*1 h ass]t$ t oil pa9t+ 0 kn[n out ( ,italy1 at lea/ z e>ly z ! elev5? c5tury4 ,z a pro( ( ?is1 !y adduce a manuscript ( ! ,monk ,te(ilo or ,ruggi]o1 no lat] back ?an t p]iod1 :i* be>s title1 ,de omni sci5tia artis p+5di1 :]e !re is a receipt = ! prep>ation & use ( oil f flax4#ge ,less+ gave an acc\nt ( ?is manuscript 9 ! ye> #aggd1 9 a treatise publi%$ at ,brunswick1 :]e he fill$ ! (fice ( libr>ian to ! ,pr9ce4 ,morelli1 also1 9 ! ,codici ,naniani 7cod4 #ci72 & m at l5g? ,raspe1 9 8 critical ,diss]tation on ,oil ,pa9t+1 publi%$ 9 ! ,engli% language at ,london1 9 :i* he enum]at$ ! exi/+ copies 9 v>i\s libr>ies1 & gave a great "p ( ! manuscript1 ent]$ into an exam9ation ( ! subject4 ,la/ly1 ,te(ilo's treatise is ins]t$ by ,*ri/iano ,lei/1 9 ,less+'s collection1 ,zur ,ges*i*te unde ,litt]atur4 ,brusw4 #agha4 ,! ,dottore ,aglietti1 9 8 ,giornale ,v5eto1 ,decemb]1 #agic1 likewise adds 8 op9ion2 :ile ! le>n$ ,abbate ,morelli1 9 8 ,notizia1 :i* is (t5 cit$ by me 9 ! em5dation & illu/ration ( ?is edition1 ?r[s ! greate/ light ^u ! pres5t "q1 agitat$ by s _m1 &1 we may add1 rem acu tetigit4 ,he1 !n1 w be f\nd to conc$e to ,giovanni1 :om he calls ,gianes da ,brugia1 ! boa/ ( ?is great discov]y1 agree+ ) ,vas>i1 ?\gh 9 a diff]5t s5se f t 9 :i* ! latt] writ] views x4 ,= he does n reply to 8 oppon5ts1 t ! art ( pa9t+1 z taught by ,te(ilo1 might h gone into disuse1 & 0 only reviv$ by ,giovanni2 :5ce ,vas>i v5tur$ to comm5d him z an orig9al inv5tor2 9 ! same mann] z ,tirabos*i repli$1 :o foll[$ ! ,roman an?ologi/s 7,/4 ,lett4 t4 vi4 p4 #abjb74 ,nei!r does he br+ =w>d ! def5ce advanc$ by ! ,b>on de ,budb]g 9 ! apology ( ,gio4 da ,bruges1#gf to ! purport t ,te(ilo taught ! art ( pa9t+ 9 oil1 only ^u a gr\nd1 )\t figures1 & )\t ornam5ts3 because ,te(ilo1 9 *ap4 #bb1 ^: words we h giv5 9 ! note1 likewise taught ?is art4 ,into :at1 !n1 does ! long-boa/$ inv5tion ( ,giovanni resolve itself8 ,no?+ m ?an ?is3 accord+ to ! anci5t practice1 a fre% col\r 0 nev] add$ to ! panel until ! fir/ cov]+ _h be5 dri$ 9 ! sun3 a mode1 z ,te(ilo confesses1 inf9itely t$i\s3 quod 9 imag9ibus diuturnum et ta$iosum nimis e/2 7cap4 #bc72 to :i* ,i may add1 t ! col\rs 9 ?is way c\ld nev] p]fectly h>monize4 ,van ,ey* saw ?is difficulty1 & he became m truly s5sible ( x1 f ! circum/ance ( hav+ expos$ "o ( 8 pa9t+s to ! sun1 9 ord] to h>d51 :5 ! excess ( heat split ! panel4 ,be+ at t p]iod suffici5tly skill$ bo? 9 philosophical & philological inquiries1 he began to speculate on ! mann] ( apply+ oils1 & ( _! acquir+ a prop] consi/5cy )\t ! aid ( ! sun4 ,by unit+ x ) o!r mixtures he next produc$ a v>ni%1 :i*1 dri$1 0 wat] pro(1 & gave a cle>ness & brilliancy1 :ile x add$ to ! h>mony ( 8 col\rs4 ,su* are ! words ( ,vas>i2 & ?us1 9 a v few words1 we may arrive at a satisfactory solution ( ! "q4 ,be=e ! "t ( ,van ,ey*1 "s sort ( me?od ( pa9t+ 9 oil 0 kn[n1 b s extremely t$i\s & imp]fect1 z to be sc>cely applicable to ! production ( figure pieces4 ,x 0 practis$ beyond ! ,alps1 b is n kn[n to h be5 9 use 9 ,italy4 ,giovanni c>ri$ ! fir/ discov]y to its completion2 he p]fect$ ! art1 :i* 0 aft]w>ds diffus$ ov] all ,europe1 & introduc$ into ,italy1 by means ( ,antonio1 or ,antonello da ,mess9a4 ,"h aga9 we are met by ano!r class ( objectors1 :o ent] ! li/s aga9/ ,van ,ey*1 aga9/ ,antonello1 & m decid$ly aga9/ ,vas>i1 n ) argum5ts f books1 b 9 ! /r5g? ( pictorial skill1 & *emical exp]im5ts4 ,malvasia1 ^u ! au?ority ( ,ti>9i1 ma9ta9s1 t ,lippo ,dalmasio pa9t$ 9 oil2 ! ,neapolitans1 rely+ ^u ,m>co da ,si5a1 & o!r m5 ( skill1 ass]t ! same ( _! arti/s 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury2 :ile a few h pret5d$ t "s ( ! pictures#gg produc$ 9 ! f\rte5? c5tury1 to be se5 at ,si5a & ,mod5a1 9 p>ticul> t f ! h& ( ,tommaso da ,mod5a1 belong+ to ! ,imp]ial cab9et1 & describ$ by me 9 ! native s*ool ( t arti/1 are also col\r$ 9 oil2 because1 aft] be+ expos$ to wat]1 & analyz$1 ! col\rs discov]$ _! elem5ts1 & 7 pron\nc$ oil4 ,9 spite1 h[ev]1 ( s mu* skill1 & s _m exp]im5ts1 ,i _c see t ,vas>i has yet be5 detect$ 9 an error4 ,x w\ld n be difficult to oppose o!r exp]im5ts & op9ions1 t might ?r[ light ^u ! "q4 ,to beg9 ) ,tuscany3--an analysis ( sev]al ,tuscan pa9t+s 0 made at ,pisa by ! v able *emi/ ,bian*i2 & ?\gh app>5tly col\r$ 9 oil1 ! mo/ lucid p>ts 7 f\nd to give out p>ticles ( wax2 a mat]ial employ$ 9 ! encau/i1 & n =gott5 by ! ,greeks1 :o in/ruct$ ,giunta & 8 contempor>ies4 ,x w\ld appe> t !y appli$ x z a v>ni%1 to act z a cov]+ & protection f humidity1 z well z to give a lucid hue & poli% to ! col\rs4 ,x has be5 obs]v$1 t ! proportion ( wax employ$ greatly decreas$ dur+ ! f\rte5? c5tury2 & aft] ! ye> #acfj fell into disuse1 & 0 succe$$ by a vehicle1 t c>ries no gloss4 ,b 9 ^! exp]im5ts oil 0 nev] elicit$1 if we except a few drops ( ess5tial oil1 :i* ! le>n$ pr(essor conjectures 0 employ$ at t e>ly p]iod to dissolve ! wax made use ( 9 pa9t+4 ,besides ?is mat]ial1 c]ta9 gums1 & yolks ( eggs1 :i* easily deceive ! eye ( ! less skilful1 7 also us$1 & v ne>ly resemble ^? pictures t display a scanty portion ( oil1 z is obs]v$ by ,zanetti1 9 8 acc\nt ( ,v5etian pa9t+ 7p4 #bj72 & ! analysis ( ,tommaso da ,mod5a's picture has t5d$ to confirm 8 op9ion4 ,?is in=mation ,i owe to ! late ,c\nt ,durazzo1 :o1 9 #agic1 assur$ me1 :5 at ,v5ice1 t he _h himself beheld1 at ,vi5na1 ! process ( analyz+ su* pictures1 by v skilful h&s1 at ! comm&1 & 9 ! pres5ce ( ,pr9ce ,kaunitz2 & t x 0 ! unanim\s op9ion ( ^? pr(essors1 t no traces ( oil 7 to be f\nd4 ,! col\rs consi/$ ( ! f9e/ gums1 mix$ ) ! yolk & :ite ( eggs1 a fact t af=d$ j gr\nd = a l conclusion 9 reg>d to simil> works by ! anci5ts4 ,i fully appreciate1 likewise1 ! op9ion ( ,piac5za ^u ! celebrat$ picture ( ,colantonio2 ?is ,i res]ve1 h[ev]1 toge!r ) "s fur!r reflections ( my own1 = ! s*ool ( ,naples4 ,i %all "h m]ely in=m ! read]1 t1 9 reg>d to ! *emical exp]im5ts employ$ on ^! pa9t+s1 ,sig4 da ,morrona#gh obs]ves1 t old pictures are (t5 believ$ to be 9 a /ate ( purity1 :5 !y h be5 ret\*$ ) oil col\rs at a subsequ5t p]iod3 ! use ( wax1 & ( ess5tial oils1 or ( "s su* old me?ods1 may frequ5tly give rise to d\bt1 z ,i %all soon %ew4 ,hav+ remov$ ! objections br\ght aga9/ ! op9ion ( ,vas>i1 ,i mu/ add a few words 9 reg>d to a passage :]e he seems to h =gott5 :at he _h said 9 ! life ( ,angiol ,gaddi1 b :i* w 9 fact ?r[ fur!r light ^u ! "q4 ,he is giv+ an acc\nt ( ! pa9t+s & writ+s ( ,&rea ,c5n9i1 a s*ol> ( ,angelo4 ,?is p]son1 9 #adcg1 t is1 long be=e ! arrival ( ,dom5ico1 compos$ a "w on pa9t+1 :i* is pres]v$ 9 ,,ms4 9 ! libr>y ( ,s4 ,lor5zo4 ,he !re treat$1 says ,vas>i1 ( gr9d+ col\rs ) oil1 = mak+ r$1 blue1 & gre5 gr\nds2 & v>i\s new me?ods & sizes = gild+1 b n figures4 ,bald9ucci exam9$ ! same manuscript1 & f\nd ^! words 9 ! #hi? *apt]3--,i wi% to tea* !e h[ to pa9t 9 oil on walls1 or on panel1 z practis$ by _m ,g]mans2 & on consult+ ! manuscript1 ,i f9d1 aft] t passage1 & by ! same me?od on iron & on m>ble2 b ,i %all fir/ treat ( pa9t+ on walls4 ,9 ! succe$+ *apt]s he says1 t ?is mu/ be accompli%$ by boil+ l9se$ oil4 ,?is appe>s n to accord ) ! ass]tion ( ,vas>i1 t ,john ( ,bruges1 aft] _m exp]im5ts1 discov]$ t l9se$ oil & nut oil 7 ! mo/ dry+4 ,:5 boil$ ) 8 o!r +r$i5ts !y =m$ ! v>ni% s long s\ght aft] by him & all o!r pa9t]s4 ,on weigh+ ! evid5ce1 we %\ld1 9 my op9ion1 take ?ree circum/ances into consid]ation3 ,! fir/ is1 t ,vas>i does n d5y t oil 0 employ$ 9 pa9t+2 s9ce he affirms t x 0 long a desid]atum1 & consequ5tly _h be5 (t5 attempt$2 b t alone is p]fect :i*1 :5 dry1 resi/s wat]2 :i* bright5s ! col\rs1 makes !m cle>1 & p]fectly unites !m4 #b4 ,! oil ( ,c5n9i might n be ( ?is sort1 ei!r because x 0 n boil$ ) ! +r$i5ts ( ,van ,ey*1 or because x 0 int5d$ only = co>se "w2 a circum/ance r5d]$ probable by ! fact1 t ?\gh he pa9t$ ! ,virg91 ) sev]al ,sa9ts1 9 ! hospital ( ,bonifazio1 at ,flor5ce1 9 a good /yle ( col\r+1 yet he nev] excit$ ! admiration nor ! envy ( arti/s4 #c4 ,! above rem>ks =bid u to give implicit confid5ce to e relation t is giv5 ( anci5t oil pictures2 b we are n bl9dly to reject all acc\nts ( imp]fect attempts ( t nature4 ,aft] ?is digression we return to our n>rative4 ,! pa9t]s t rema9 to be notic$1 approa* ! gold5 age ( ! art1 ( :i* _! works 9 "s degree p>ticipate1 not)/&+ ! dryness ( _! design1 & ! g5]al want ( h>mony 9 _! col\r+4 ,! vehicle ( _! col\rs 0 commonly wat]1 v r>ely oil4 ,!y fl\ri%$ 9 ! "t ( ,sixtus ,,iv41 :o1 hav+ erect$ ! magnific5t *apel t reta9s 8 "n1 invit$ !m f ,flor5ce4 ,_! names are ,botticelli1 ,ghirl&aio1 ,rosselli1 ,luca da ,cortona1 & ,d4 ,b>tolommeo d',arezzo2 :om ,i %all "h introduce1 toge!r ) _! foll[]s4 ,manni1 ! hi/orian ( "s ( ^! arti/s1#gi conjectures t ?is "w 0 execut$ ab\t ! ye> #adgd4 ,!y 7 desir$ to p\rtray ! hi/ory ( ,moses on "o "p ( ! *apel1 & t ( ,*ri/ on ! o!r3 ?us ! old law 0 confront$ by ! new1 ! %ade by ! light1 & ! type by ! p]son typifi$4 ,! pontiff 0 unskill$ 9 ! f9e arts1 b covet\s ( ! glory !y conf] on ! "n & actions ( pr9ces4 ,to sup]9t5d ! "w1 he made *oice ( ,s&ro ,filipepi1 f 8 fir/ ma/]1 a goldsmi?1 surnam$ ,botticelli1 & ! pupil ( ,f4 ,filippo2 a celebrat$ arti/ at t "t1 & di/+ui%$ by 8 pictures conta9+ a great numb] ( small figures 9 :i* he /rongly resembl$ ,&rea ,mantegna2 ?\gh 8 heads 7 less beautiful4 ,vas>i says1 t 8 little picture ( ! ,calumny ( ,apelles1 is z f9e a production z possible1 & he pron\nces ! ,assumption1 pa9t$ = ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,pi] ,maggiore1 to be s excell5t1 t x ought to sil5ce envy4 ,! =m] is 9 ! royal gall]y1 ! latt] 9 a private h\se4 ,:at he pa9t$ 9 ! ,si/9e ,*apel1 h[ev]1 surpasses all 8 o!r works4 ,"h we sc>cely recognize ,s&ro ( ,flor5ce4 ,! ,temptation ( ,*ri/1 embelli%$ ) a magnific5t temple1 & a cr[d ( devotees 9 ! ve/ibule2 ,moses assi/+ ! daught]s ( ,je?ro aga9/ ! ,midianite %eph]ds1 9 :i* !re is great ri*ness ( drap]y1 col\r$ 9 a new mann]2 & o!r subjects1 treat$ ) vig\r & orig9ality1 exhibit him 9 ?is place greatly sup]ior to 8 usual mann]4 ,! same obs]vation applies to ! pa9t]s we are ab\t to notice3 su* 7 ! effects produc$ by _! emulation2 by ! sight ( a city t is calculat$ to enl>ge ! ideas ( ^? :o visit x1 & by ! judgm5t ( a public t is sc>cely to be satisfi$ by :at is above m$iocrity1 because its eye is habituat$ to :at is wond]ful4 ,hi/ory does n po9t out ! portion ( ?is "w t 0 p]=m$ by ,filipp9o ,lippi2 ! son1 z we h already obs]v$1 ( ,f4 ,filippo4 ,x is h[ev] highly probable t he assi/$2 because he 0 8 fa!r's pupil f a v e>ly age1 & because ! ta/e ( ,lippi1 t delight$ 9 portray+ ! usages ( antiquity 9 8 pictures1 appe>s to h be5 =m$ :ile he 0 /ill "y1 & engag$ 9 8 /udies at ,rome4 ,9 ! life :i* ,cell9i has writt5 ( himself1 he tells u t he _h se5 sev]al books ( antiquities drawn by ,lippi2 & ,vas>i gives him cr$it = be+ ! fir/ :o decorat$ mod]n pa9t+s by ! introduction ( grotesques1 trophies1 arm\r1 vases1 edifices & drap]y1 copi$ f ! models ( antiquity2 b ?is ,i _c confirm1 because x 0 be=e attempt$ by ,squ>cione4 ,x is true t he excell$ 9 ^? ornam5ts1 9 8 l&scape & 9 m9ute p>ticul>s4 ,! ,s4 ,b]n>d ( ! ,abbey1 ! ,magi ( ! royal museum1 & ! two frescos 9 ,s4 ,m>ia ,novella2 ! "o ! hi/ory ( ,s4 ,john1 ! o!r ( ,s4 ,philip1 ! apo/les1 please m p]haps by ^! access>ies ( ! art ?an by ! c\nt5ances1 :i*1 inde$1 h n ! beauty & grace ( ! eld] ,lippi4 ,!y are fai?ful portraits1 b %ew no discrim9ation4 ,he 0 invit$ to ,rome to ornam5t a *apel ( ! ,m9]va1 9 :i* !re is an ,assumption by 8 h&1 & "s hi/ories ( ,?omas ,aqu9as1 among/ :i* ! ,disputation is ! be/4 ,9 ?is *apel he %ews great improvem5t 9 8 heads1 b 0 nev]!less surpass$ 9 ?is respect by 8 pupil ,raffaell9o del ,g>bo1 :o pa9t$ a *oir ( angels on ! ceil+1 t w\ld alone suffice to ju/ify ! "n by :i* he 0 di/+ui%$4 ,9 ,monte ,oliveto at ,flor5ce1 !re is a ,resurrection by ,raffaell9o1 :]e ! figures are small1 b s graceful )al1 s correct 9 attitude1 & s f9ely col\r$1 t we c sc>cely rank him inf]ior to any ma/] ( t age4 ,!re is m5tion made by ! le>n$ ,mor5i1 9 ! conclud+ "p ( 8 ,memorie ,i/ori*e1 7p4 #afh7 ( ano!r ( 8 beautiful alt>-pieces1 /ill 9 exi/5ce at ,s4 ,salvi1 ) ! grado entire4 ,"s e>ly pictures are 9 a simil> /ate2 b becom+ ! fa!r ( a num]\s family1 he gradually deg5]at$ 9 8 /yle1 & di$ 9 pov]ty & obscurity4 ,! second :om ,i h m5tion$ among ! arti/s 9 ! ,si/9e ,*apel1 is ,dom5ico ,corradi1 surnam$ ,del ,ghirl&aio1 f ! pr(ession ( 8 fa!r4#hj ,he 0 a pa9t]1 an excell5t work] 9 mosaic1 & ev5 contribut$ to ! improvem5t ( ^! arts4 ,he pa9t$ 9 ! ,si/9e ,*apel ! ,resurrection ( ,*ri/1 :i* has p]i%$2 & ! ,call ( ,s4 ,pet] & ,s4 ,&rew1 :i* /ill rema9s4 ,he is t ,ghirl&aio1 9 ^: s*ool1 or on ^: mann]1 n only ,ridolfo del ,ghirl&aio1 8 son1 b also ,bon>ruoti1 & ! be/ arti/s ( ! succe$+ era1 =m$ _! /yle4 ,he possess$ cle>ness & purity ( outl9e1 correctness ( =m1 & v>iety ( ideas1 toge!r ) facility & uncommon dilig5ce2 he 0 ! fir/ ,flor5t9e1 :o1 by means ( true p]spective1 atta9$ a happy me?od ( gr\p+1 & dep? ( composition4#ha ,he 0 among ! fir/ to reject ! deep gold5 fr+es to ! drap]y1 t ! old ma/]s introduc$2 :o1 unable to r5d] _! figures beautiful1 endeav\r$1 at lea/1 to make !m gaudy4 ,"s ( 8 pictures1 h[ev]1 yet rema91 mod]ately illum9at$ ) gold2 z = in/ance1 ! ,epiphany 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,innoc5ts at ,flor5ce4 ,x is a f9e "w1 z is also 8 *apel 9 ! ,holy ,tr9ity1 ) ! actions ( ,s4 ,francis1 & 8 ,nativity1 9 ! sacri/y ( t *ur*4 ,8 mo/ celebrat$ "w is ! *oir ( ,s4 ,m>ia ,novella1 on "o side ( :i* he design$ ! hi/ory ( ,john ! ,bapti/1 on ! o!r t ( our ,lady1 & on ano!r "p ! murd] ( ! ,innoc5ts1 s mu* comm5d$ by ,vas>i4 ,x conta9s a va/ _m portraits ( lit]>y m51 & noble citiz5s1 & almo/ e head is f ! life2 b !y are dignifi$1 & judici\sly select$4 ,! h&s & feet ( ! figures1 h[ev]1 d n correspond1 & att5tion to ?is circum/ance is ! peculi> m]it ( ,&rea del ,s>to1 :o seems to h c>ri$ ! mann] ( ,ghirl&aio to p]fection4 ,_m works ( ! latt] are scatt]$ ov] ,italy1 9 ,rome1 9 ,rim9i1 & at ,pisa1 at ! ,eremitani di ,pietra ,santa1 & ! ,camaldolesi ( ,volt]ra2 :]e besides ! pa9t+s 9 ! refectory1 !re is 9 ! *ur* a figure ( ,s4 ,romualdo1 c>v$ by ,diana ( ,mantua4 ,! pictures ( ?is ma/] %\ld n be conf\nd$ ) ^? ( 8 s*ol>s1 z happ5s 9 _m in/ances4 ,?us ! holy families pa9t$ by 8 bro!rs or 8 s*ol>s1 frequ5tly pass = 82 b !y are v f> f m]it+ ! praise we h ju/ly be/[$ on him4 ,davide1 "o ( 8 bro!rs1 became v em95t 9 mosaic2 ano!r1 ,b5$etto1 pa9t$ m 9 ,france ?an 9 ,italy2 ,ba/iano ,ma9>di1 _! bro!r-9-law1 0 r ! assi/ant ( ,dom5ico1 ?an a pa9t] ( orig9ality4 ,bald9o ,b&9elli1 ,niccolo ,cieco1 ,jacopo del ,t$esco1 & ,jacopo ,indaco1 are little kn[n2 except t ! la/ is record$ z hav+ assi/$ ) ,p9turic*io1 at ,rome1 & 0 ! bro!r ( ,francesco1 bett] kn[n z a pa9t] at ,montepulciano ?an 9 ,flor5ce4 ,cosimo ,rosselli1 ^: noble family has produc$ sev]al o!r arti/s1 also wr\ght 9 ! ,si/9e ,*apel4 ,few ( 8 works rema9 9 public places 9 8 own c\ntry1 besides ! miracle ( ! sacram5t 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,ambrose1 a fresco picture1 full ( portraits2 9 :i* we discov] v>iety1 "*1 & tru?4 ,vas>i praises 8 lab\rs at ,rome1 less ?an ^? ( 8 fell[ arti/s4 ,be+ unable to rival 8 competitors 9 design1 he load$ 8 pictures ) brilliant col\rs & gild$ ornam5ts1 :i*1 ?\gh x 0 at t "t condemn$ by an improv+ ta/e1 yet pleas$ ! pontiff1 :o comm5d$ & rew>d$ him beyond all ! o!r arti/s4 ,p]haps 8 be/ "w !re1 is ,*ri/ prea*+ on ! m\nt1 9 :i* ! l&scape is said to be ! "w ( ,pi] di ,cosimo1 a pa9t] likewise m rem>kable = 8 col\r+ ?an 8 design2 z is evid5t f a picture 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,innoc5ts1 & 8 ,p]seus 9 ! royal gall]y4 ,!y are bo?1 h[ev]1 celebrat$ 9 hi/ory2 ! "o z ! ma/] ( del ,porta1 ! o!r ( ,&rea del ,s>to4 ,no o!r ,flor5t9e 0 employ$ to pa9t 9 ! ,si/9e ,*apel2 b ,pi]o & ,antonio ,pollaiuoli1 :o 7 bo? /atu>ies & pa9t]s1 came !re n long aft]w>ds & wr\ght 9 bronze ! tomb ( ,sixtus ,,iv4 ,"s ( _! pa9t+s may yet be se5 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,m9iato1 )\t ! walls ( ,flor5ce1 & ! alt>-piece 0 transf]r$ to ! royal museum4 ,we may !re trace ! s*ool ( ,ca/agno1 ! ma/] ( ,pi]o1 9 ! h>% features1 col\r$ 9 a /rong & juicy mann]4 ,antonio1 ! s*ol> ( ,pi]o1 became "o ( ! be/ pa9t]s ( t age4 ,9 ! *apel ( ! ,m>*esi ,pucci1 at ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,seba/iano de' ,s]vi1 !re is a m>tyrdom ( ! sa9t by him1 :i* is "o ( ! be/ pictures ( ! fifte5? c5tury ,i h ev] se54 ,! col\r+ is n 9 ! be/ /yle2 b ! composition rises above ! age 9 :i* he liv$1 & ! draw+ ( ! nak$ figure %ews :at att5tion he _h be/[$ on anatomy4 ,he 0 ! fir/ ,italian pa9t] :o dissect$ bodies 9 ord] to le>n ! true situations ( ! t5dons & muscles4 ,bo? ! ,pollaiuoli di$ at ,rome1 :]e _! tomb is to be se5 9 ,s4 ,pi]o 9 ,v9coli1 ornam5t$ ) a picture1 :i*1 accord+ to "s1 typifies a s\l 9 purgatory1 & ! efficacy ( indulg5ces to deliv] x2 b :e!r x is by !m1 or ( _! s*ool1 ,i am unable to det]m9e4 ,! two foll[+ arti/s 7 br\ght to ! ,si/9e ,*apel f ! ,flor5t9e t]ritory1 ! pa9t]s ( :i* ,i %all n[ consid] aft] ^? ( ! capital4 ,luca ,signorelli1 ! k9sman ( ,vas>i ( ,arezzo1 & ! disciple ( ,pi]o della ,francesca1 0 a spirit$ & expressive pa9t]1 & "o ( ! fir/ ,tuscan arti/s :o design$ figures ) a true k ( anatomy1 ?\gh some:at dryly4 ,! ca!dral ( ,orvieto ev9ces ?is2 & ^? nak$ figures :i* ev5 ,mi*elangiolo has n disda9$ to imitate4 ,al?\gh 9 mo/ ( 8 works we d n discov] a prop] *oice ( =m1 nor a suffici5t h>mony ( col\r+ 9 "s ( !m1 especially 9 ! communion ( ! ,apo/les1 pa9t$ = ! ,jesuits 9 8 native city1 !re is beauty1 grace1 & t9ts approa*+ to mod]n excell5ce4 ,he pa9t$ 9 ,urb9o1 at ,volt]ra1 ,flor5ce1 & _m o!r cities4 ,9 ! ,si/9e ,*apel he pa9t$ ! ,j\rney ( ,moses ) ,se=a1 & ! ,promulgation ( ! ,old ,law1 pa9t+s full ( incid5t1 & sup]ior 9 composition to ! confus$ /yle ( t age4 ,vas>i & ,taia h assign$ him ! fir/ place 9 ?is great assemblage ( arti/s2 to me he seems at lea/ to h equall$ ! be/ ( !m1 & to h improv$ on 8 usual /yle4 ,he _h two c\ntrym5 ( noble families = pupils2 ,tommaso ,b]nabei1 :o foll[$ him closely1 & has left "s works 9 ,s4 ,m4 del ,calc9aio1 & ,turp9o ,zaccagna1 ^: /yle 0 diff]5t1 z appe>s f a picture pa9t$ = ! ,*ur* ( ,s4 ,aga?a 9 ,cantal5a ne> ,cortona1 9 #aecg4 ,don ,b>tolommeo della ,gatta execut$ none ( 8 own designs 9 ! ,si/9e ,*apel2 he l5t assi/ance to ,signorelli & to ,p]ug9o4 ,he _h be5 educat$ 9 ! mona/]y ( ! ,angeli1 at ,flor5ce1 r z a pa9t] ( m9iatures ?an ( hi/ory4 ,on be+ appo9t$ ,abbot ( ,s4 ,clem5t1 9 ,arezzo1 he ex]cis$ bo?2 & 0 also skill$ 9 music & 9 ar*itecture4 ,!re is ( 8 works only a ,s4 ,j]ome1 execut$ 9 ! *apel ( ! ca!dral1 z we f9d f a ,,ms4 guide to ! city1 & :i* 0 transf]r$ into ! sacri/y 9 #agid4 ,! abbot in/ruct$ ,dom5ico ,pecori & ,matteo ,lappoli1 two g5tlem5 ( ,arezzo1 :o improv$ !mselves 9 ! art on o!r models1 especially ! fir/1 z is evid5t f a picture 9 ! p>i% *ur*1 9 :i* ! ,virg9 receives "u h] mantle ! p ( ,arezzo1 :o are recomm5d$ to h] protection by _! patron sa9ts4 ,9 x are heads 9 ! /yle ( ,francia1 good ar*itecture1 judici\s composition1 & a mod]ate use ( gold4 ,two m9iature pa9t]s1 accord+ to ,vas>i1 le>n$ mu* f ! precepts1 or r f ! example ( ! abbot4 ,^! 7 ,girolamo1 also nam$ by ,ridolfi1 z a pupil ( ! ,paduan s*ool1 at ! same "t ) ,lancilao2 & ,vante1 or z he subscrib$ himself1 ,attavante ,fior5t9o4 ,two ( 8 lett]s are ins]t$ 9 ! ?ird volume ( ! ,lett]e ,pittori*e2 & x may be collect$ f ,vas>i & ,tirabos*i1#hb t ,vante ornam5t$ ) m9iatures _m books = ,mat?ias1 k+ ( ,hung>y1 :i* aft]w>ds rema9$ 9 ! ,m$icean & ,e/5sean libr>ies4 ,! le>n$ ,sig4 ,ab4 ,morelli1 :o has ! direction ( ! libr>y ( ,s4 ,m>k at ,v5ice1 %ew$ me "o 9 t place4 ,x is a "w ( ,m>ziano ,capella1 :]e ! subject is poetically express$ by ! pa9t]4 ,! assembly ( ! ,gods1 ! emblems ( ! arts & sci5ces1 ! grotesque ornam5ts "h & !re set (f ) little portraits1 discov] 9 ,vante a g5ius t admirably second$ ! ideas ( ! au?or4 ,! design resembles ! be/ works ( ,botticelli2 ! col\r+ is gay1 lively1 & brilliant2 ! excell5ce ( ! "w ought to conf] on ! arti/ great] celebrity ?an he enjoys4 ,9 ! life ( ,d4 ,b>tolommeo1 ,vas>i1 or 8 pr9t]s1 h conf\nd$ ,attavante ) ,gh]>do1 ! m9iature pa9t]1 :o at ! same "t 0 a work] 9 mosaic1 an engrav] 9 ! /yle ( ,alb]t ,dur]1 & a pa9t]2 ( him !re are "s rema9s 9 ea* ( ^! arts2 b !y 7 c]ta9ly diff]5t individuals1 z is demon/rat$ by ,sig4 ,piac5za4 ,hav+ a little be=e nam$ ,pietro ,p]ug9o1 :o long taught 9 ,tuscany1 we may "h m5tion ! pupils :o reta9$ 8 mann]4 ,^! 7 ,rocco ,zoppo1 ^: ,madonnas rema9 9 _m private h\ses 9 ,flor5ce1 ,i believe1 to ?is day1 & are 9 ! mann] ( ,pietro2 ,baccio ,ub]t9i1 a great col\ri/1 & on t acc\nt will+ly adopt$ z an assi/ant ( 8 ma/]2 ,francesco1 ! bro!r ( ,baccio1 surnam$ ,bac*iacca1 kn[n at ,s4 ,lor5zo by ! m>tyrdom ( ,s4 ,arcadius1 execut$ 9 small figures1 9 :i*1 z well z 9 ! grotesque1 he 0 v em95t1 & ne>ly approa*$ ! mod]n /yle4 ,to ^! arti/s :o liv$ 9 ,flor5ce1 _! native c\ntry1 we may add ,niccolo ,soggi1 likewise a ,flor5t9e1 b :o1 to %un ! conc\rse ( m able pa9t]s1 fix$ 8 resid5ce 9 ,arezzo1 :]e he _h suffici5t employm5t4 ,8 accuracy1 8 /udi\s habits1 & 8 high f9i%1 may be !re contemplat$ 9 ! ,*ri/ 9 ! ,mang]1 9 ! *ur* ( ,madonna delle ,lagrime1 & 9 _m o!r places 9 ! city & its environs4 ,x w\ld h be5 =tunate _h he possess$ m g5ius1 b ?is gift ( nature1 :i*1 to use ! words ( a poet1#hc conf]s immortality on books1 & ,i w\ld add pictures1 0 n grant$ to ,soggi4 ,vas>i has giv5 ?is "* ( a dilig5t1 b meagre1 & frigid pa9t]1 also to ,g]9o da ,pi/oia1 9 :i* place "o ( 8 pictures1 n[ 9 ! royal gall]y1 0 pa9t$ = ! monks ( ,s4 ,pi] ,maggiore2 sev]al o!rs are 9 ! city ( ,s4 ,sepulcro1 & "s ev5 9 ,rome1 :]e he assi/$ ,p9turic*io4 ,) ! two prec$+1 ,i class ,montev>*i1 a pa9t] s nam$ f 8 own c\ntry1 beyond :i* he is almo/ unkn[n4 ,among ^! arti/s1 ?\gh !y 7 s*ol>s ( ,pietro1 we f9d imitators ( ! ,flor5t9es ( ! f\rte5? c5tury4 ,i omit ! "n ( ,ba/iano da ,s4 ,gallo1 :o cont9u$ ) him only a %ort "t1 & left him on acc\nt ( ! av]sion he _h conceiv$ to ! dryness ( 8 /yle4 ,9 ! ,flor5t9e hi/ory1 by ,v>*i 7book #aj71 we f9d m5tion ( a ,vittorio di ,buonaccorso ,ghib]ti1 :o on occasion ( ! siege ( ,flor5ce by ! family ( ! ,m$ici1 9 #aebi1 pa9t$ ! figure ( ! ,pontiff1 ,clem5t ,,vii4 on ! facade ( ! pr9cipal *amb] ( ! ,m$ici1 9 ! la/ act ( hang+ f ! gall[s4 ,b nei!r ( ?is1 nor ( any o!r production f s infam\s a h&1 d !re rema9 any traces 9 ,flor5ce1 at lea/ t ,i h be5 able to discov]1 f :i* to judge ei!r ( ! mann] or ! ma/] ( ,vittorio4 ,i close ! catalogue ( old ,tuscan pa9t]s ) an illu/ri\s native ( ,lucca1 nam$ ! eld] ,zac*ia1 :o 0 educat$ at ,flor5ce1 ?\gh n inv>iably adh]+ to ! ta/e ( t anci5t s*ool1 ei!r 9 design1 :i* 0 8 *ief excell5ce1 or 9 an outl9e some:at h>% & cutt+1 :i* 0 8 greate/ defect4 ,he obta9$ ! "n ( ! eld]1 to di/+ui% him f ano!r ,zac*ia1 :o1 on ! o!r h&1 %ew$ m s(tness ( cont\r1 & m /r5g? ( col\r+1 b 9 design1 & 9 e o!r respect1 0 held 9 less e/imation4 ,i "k only ( "o picture by ! latt] arti/1 :i* is 9 ! *apel ( ! ,magi/rates2 b sev]al alt>-pieces by ! =m]1 are to be se5 9 ! *ur*es ( ,lucca1 & among !m an ,assumption 9 t ( ,s4 ,augu/9e2 a picture display+ mu* /udy & elegance1 & among 8 la/ works1 z ,i am l$ to believe by its be>+ ! date #aebg4 ,"o ( 8 ,madonnas1 surr\nd$ by sa9ts1 =m]ly 9 ! p>i% *ur* ( ,s4 ,/efano1 is n[ 9 ! h\se ( ,sig4 ,m>*4 ,jacopo ,s>d9i1 :i* is enri*$ by o!r pa9t+s1 by a valuable collection ( draw+s1 & /ill m by ! pres5ce ( its le>n$ possessor1 to :om ,i am indebt$ = _m notices int]sp]s$ ?r\gh\t ?is "w4 ,su* 0 ! /ate ( ! art 9 ,tuscany1 ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,mu* 0 !n atta9$1 because nature began to be imitat$1 especially 9 ! heads1 to :i* ! arti/s imp>t$ a vivacity1 t ev5 at ?is day is surpris+4 ,on view+ ! figures & portraits ( ^? times1 !y actually appe> to look at1 & to desire to ent] into conv]sation ) ! behold]4 ,x /ill rema9$1 h[ev]1 to give ideal beauty to ! figure1 fulness to design1 & h>mony to col\r+1 a true me?od to a]ial p]spective1 v>iety to composition1 & fre$om to ! p5cil1 :i* on ! :ole 0 /ill timid4 ,e circum/ance conspir$ to ?is melioration ( ! art 9 ,flor5ce z well z 9 o!r places4 ,! ta/e = magnific5t edifices _h reviv$ ?r\gh\t ,italy4 ,_m ( ! f9e/ *ur*es1 _m public edifices1 & ducal palaces1 :i* /ill rema9 at ,milan1 ,mantua1 & ,v5ice1 9 ,urb9o1 ,rim9i1 ,pes>o1 & ,f]r>a1 7 execut$ ab\t ?is p]iod2 n to m5tion ^? build+s 9 ,flor5ce & 9 ,rome1 :]e magnific5ce cont5d$ ) elegance4 ,x became necess>y to ornam5t !m1 & ?is produc$ t noble emulation among arti/s1 t gr& f]m5tation ( ideas1 :i* inv>iably advances ! progress ( art4 ,! /udy ( poetry1 s analog\s to t ( pa9t+1 _h increas$ to a degree :i* conf]r$ on ! :ole age ! epi!t ( ,gold52 a "n :i* x c]ta9ly did n m]it on ! score ( m sev]e /udies4 ,! design ( ! arti/s ( t p]iod1 ?\gh some?+ dry1 0 yet pure & correct1 & af=d$ ! be/ in/ruction to ! succe$+ age4 ,x is v ju/ly obs]v$1 t s*ol>s c m easily give a c]ta9 fulness to ! meagre outl9e ( _! models1 ?an curtail ! sup]fluity ( a heavy cont\r4 ,on ?is acc\nt1 "s pr(essors ( ! art are incl9$ to believe1 t x w\ld be mu* m advantage\s to habituate /ud5ts 9 ! beg9n+1 to ! precision *>act]i/ic ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 ?an to ! exub]ance introduc$ 9 aft]-times4 ,su* circum/ances produc$ ! happie/ era t di/+ui%es ! annals ( pa9t+4 ,! s*ools ( ,italy1 ow+ to mutual imitation1 be=e t p]iod /rongly resembl$ ea* o!r2 b hav+ !n atta9$ maturity1 ea* began to display a m>k$ & peculi> "*4 ,t ( ! ,flor5t9e s*ool ,i %all describe 9 ! next ,epo*2 b ,i fir/ propose to treat ( sev]al o!r arts analog\s to t ( pa9t+1 & 9 p>ticul> ( engrav+ ^u copp]1 ! discov]y ( :i* is ascrib$ to ,flor5ce4 ,to ?is ! art is indebt$ = an accession ( new aids2 ! "w ( an arti/1 be=e conf9$ to a s+le spot1 0 diffus$ ?r\gh ! _w1 & gratifi$ ! eyes ( ?\s&s4 ,footnote #fa3 ,! numb] ( arti/s ( :om1 by consult+ old au?ors1 ,i c collect no?+ m ?an ! "t !y liv$1 _! "n & occupation1 & _! dea?1 7,i speak ( ^? :o liv$ ab\t ! ye> #acjj17 am\nts 9 ! city ( ,flor5ce alone to ne>ly a hundr$1 )\t includ+ ^? :o h be5 discov]$ & notic$ by "s ( our antiqu>ians2 & exclusive ( ^? we f9d m5tion$ 9 ! old book ( ! ,society ( ,pa9t]s4 7,see ,bald9ucci 9 ,notizie del ,gioggi47 ,! ,flor5t9e pa9t]s ( ?is age1 ^: names h be5 produc$ by ! ,canon ,mor5i f ! records ( ! diplomatic ar*ive1 may be se5 9 "p ! f\r? ( 8 ,notizie ,i/ori*e1 p4 #ajb4 ,o!rs h be5 collect$ & communicat$ to me by ! ,abbate ,v9c5zo ,foll9i1 ,libr>ian to ! ,magliabec*i collection1 extract$ f v>i\s ,,mss4 ( ! same1 besides ^? f ! ,novelle ,litt]>ie ( ,flor5ce1 f ! ,delizie de' ,lett]4 ( ! ,p4 ,ildefonso1 ,c4 ,s4 & f ! ,viaggi ( ,t>gioni2 works :i* w always be f\nd to supply ! brevity ( ! pres5t hi/ory4 ,footnote #fb3 ,vas>i4 ,footnote #fc3 ,!y are believ$ to be ant]ior to ! ye> #acjj by ! hi/orian ( ! art ( ,pa9t+ at ,friuli2 b to ?is ,i _c agree4 ,! pictures be> a v great resemblance to ! designs ( ,orcagna2 or r to ! poetry ( ,dante1 :o1 9 ! ye> above m5tion$1 feigns to h _h 8 vision1 & describ$ x 9 ! ye>s imm$iately succe$+4 ,9 confirmation ( ?is op9ion1 x mu/ be rem>k$ t ! /yle is ,flor5t9e1 & induces u to suppose t a pa9t] ( t s*ool mu/ h be5 !re4 ,see ,lett]a po/uma del ,p4 ,cort9ovis sopra le ,anti*ita di ,se/o1 publi%$ 9 ! ,giornale ,v5eto1 7or ,memorie p] s]vire all' ,i/oria ,lett]4 e ,civile7 ,seme/re ii4 p4 #a4 ( ! ye> #ahjj4 ,x 0 repr9t$ at ,ud9e 9 #ahja1 9 octavo1 ) "s excell5t notes by ! ,cav4 ,antonio ,b>tol9i1 :o has di/+ui%$ himself by o!r productions connect$ ) bibliography & ! f9e arts4 ,footnote #fd3 ,vide ,giuseppe ,m>ia ,mecatti1 :o has giv5 an exact description ( x4 ,footnote #fe3 ,vas>i is by no means s bitt] aga9/ ! ,v5etian s*ool z x is wi%$ to make him appe>4 ,9 reg>d to ^! pictures he decl>es1 t !y are univ]sally admitt$1 ) ju/ice1 to be ! be/ :i* 7 produc$ among _m excell5t ma/]s1 at diff]5t times1 9 t place4 ,!y are1 !re=e1 pref]r$ by him to ! :ole ( ! ,flor5t9e & ,si5nese pa9t+s !re exhibit$2 & 8 op9ion is au?oriz$ by t ( ,p4 della ,valle1 :o frequ5tly diff]s f him4 ,if x c\ld be prov$ f hi/ory1 z x may be reasonably conjectur$1 t ,antonio 0 a pa9t] :5 he came f ,v5ice1 & did n comm5ce 8 art at ,flor5ce1 he w\ld m]it ! reputation ( be+ ! greate/ arti/ ( t s*ool kn[n to u2 z well z ( hav+ conf]r$ "s b5efit ^u t ( ,flor5ce1 f ! ,v5etian s*ool4 ,b ?is po9t is v d\btful4 ,footnote #ff3 ,we _c reconcile x to dates t ,paolo ,uccello 0 "o ( 8 s*ol>s1 hav+ be5 born aft] ! dea? ( ,antonio1 if1 inde$1 !re be n "s error 9 reg>d to ! *ronology ei!r ( ! ma/] or ( 8 pupil4 ,/>n9a might h be5 8 pupil1 z he is said to h be5 born 9 #aced2 &1 !re=e1 9 #acgj1 he might possibly be "o ( 8 s*ool4 ,yet x appe>s t ,antonio _h !n r5\nc$ ! easel4 ,9 8 epitaph we f9d writt53 ,annis qui fu]am pictor ,,juv5ilibus1 artis ,me ,m$icae reliquo tempore coepit amor1 c4 7,see ,vas>i ed4 ,s5ese1 tom4 ii4 p4 #big47 ,footnote #fg3 ,! old pa9t]s v>i$ ! mann] ( _! sup]scriptions1 ev5 9 ! foll[+ ages1 accord+ to ! ta/e ( ! ,greeks4 ,seba/ianus ,v5etus p+ebat a4 #aebj2 is writt5 ^u a ,/4 ,aga?a 9 ! ,palazzo ,pitti2 & ?is corresponds to ! ,,epoiei1 faciebat2 by :i* ! ,greek sculptors wi%$ to convey1 t su* "w 0 n int5d$ to exhibit _! la/ ef=t2 s t !y 7 at lib]ty to improve x :5 !y pleas$4 ,! subscription ( ,opus ,belli is obvi\s1 & simil> ones1 drawn f ! ,,ergon1 7= example17 ,,lusipp\ :i* we see 9 ,maffei4 ,i rec\nt 9 my fif? book z s+ul>1 ! epigraph ,sumus ,rog]ii manus2 x is1 h[ev]1 d]iv$ f ! ,greeks1 :o1 = in/ance1 sometimes wrote ,,*eir4 ,,ambrosi\4 ,,mona*\1 z ,i read 9 a ,fabrianese *ur* call$ ,della ,c>ita1 :]e !re is a picture ( ! ,g5]al ,judgm5t2 ! figures v small1 & highly f9i%$1 ^u a l>ge tablet2 )1 ,i ?9k1 m figures ?an are se5 9 ! ,p>adise ( ,t9toretto4 ,,*eir ,,bitore1 0 writt5 by ,vittor ,c>paccio1 "u 8 portrait cit$ 9 ! index4 ,i omit o!r =ms bett] kn[n4 ,t adopt$ at ,trevigi1 ,hi]onymus ,t>visio1 is v erudite2 & x is imitat$ f ! milit>y lat]coli1 9 :i*1 ) ! same view1 ! soldi] & 8 c\ntry are nam$4 ,9 %ort1 :]e ! words fecit or p9xit are n us$1 ! be/ plan 0 t ( giv+ ! prop] "n 9 ! g5itive case at ! foot ( ! picture1 z ! engrav]s ( ,greek gems 7 wont to d 9 inscriptions1 z ,,aul\ ,,dioskorid\1 c4 ,footnote #fh3 ,pascoli1 tom4 i4 p4 #aii4 ,footnote #fi3 ,vas>i4 ,footnote #gj3 ,v]ona ,illu/rata1 tom4 iii4 p4 #bgg4 ,footnote #ga3 ,gloria is a "n giv5 9 ,italy to a repres5tation ( ! cele/ial regions4 ,footnote #gb3 ,vas>i4 ,footnote #gc3 ,9 ! diction>y ( ,gu>i5ti1 9 ! article1 ,gio4 ,abeyk1 appe>s an acc\nt ( a picture ( ?is arti/1 exi/+ 9 ! gall]y at ,dresd51 be>+ date #adaf2 a "t1 says ! writ]1 :5 he enjoy$ 8 highe/ reputation1 by pa9t+ 9 8 second mann]1 9 oil4 ,x repres5ts ! ,virg9 9 a maje/ic seat ) ! div9e infant1 :o is se5 v gracefully receiv+ an apple f ,/4 ,anne1 seat$ on a c\* ( /raw4 ,! "y ,/4 ,john is se5 assi/+1 & also ,/4 ,joseph1 ^: c\nt5ance repres5ts ! portrait ( ! pa9t] himself4 ,! introduction ( arms %ews t ! picture mu/ h be5 execut$ = "s di/+ui%$ p]son4 ,x is 9 high pres]vation1 & is pron\nc$ by ,gu>i5ti ! miracle ( pa9t+1 f its display ( extreme dilig5ce1 ev5 9 ! m9ute furniture1 & p>ticul>ly because ! *amb] 9 :i* ! sc5e is repres5t$1 ! c\*1 ! w9d[1 ! pavem5t1 execut$ a punto alto1 toge!r ) ! :ole action1 are conduct$ ) ! mo/ exact rules ( p]spective4 ,footnote #gd3 ,9 #aded he 0 9 great cr$it at ,p]ugia4 7,see ,m>iotti1 ,lett4 ,p]ug4 p4 #acc47 ,footnote #ge3 ,lib4 i4 c4 #ah4 ,accipe sem5 l9i1 et exsicca illud 9 s>tag9e sup] ignem s9e aqua1 c4 ,bru/olato says1 x %\ld be p\nd$1 & aga9 subject$ to ! fire 9 wat]1 !n put into a press betwe5 clo?s1 & ! oil extract$4 ,he cont9ues3 ,cum hoc oleo t]e m9ium sive c5obrium sup] lapidem s9e aqua1 et cum p9cello l9ies sup] o/ia vel tabulas quas rubric>e volu]is1 et ad solem siccabis1 de9de it]um l9ies et siccabis4 ,& 9 *ap4 #bb1 he says1--,accipe colores quos impon]e volu]is1 t]5s eos dilig5t]1 oleo l9i s9e aqua2 et fac mixturas vultuum ac ve/im5torum sicut sup]ius aqua fec]as1 et be/ias1 sive aves1 aut folia1 v>iabis suis coloribus pr\t libu]it4 ,footnote #gf3 ,gott+51 #agib4 ,see ,esprit des ,j\rnaux1 ,ottobre1 #agib4 ,footnote #gg3 ,raspe 7,lib4 ,cit474 ,della ,valle 7,ann4 al ,vas>i1 tom4 iii4 p4 #cac74 ,tirabos*i 7,/4 ,lett4 tom4 vi4 p4 #djg74 ,v]nazza 7,giorn4 ,pisano1 tom4 xciv4 p4 #bbj71 cit$ by ,morelli 7,notizia1 p4 #aad74 ,m rec5tly is add$ ! au?ority ( ,p4 ,f$]ici ,dom5icano4 ,x is absurd to suppose t ,tommaso da ,mod5a1 or1 accord+ to him1 da ,trevigi1 c>ri$ ! discov]y f ?is city into ,g]many1 f :5ce x 0 subsequ5tly communicat$ to ,fl&]s4 ,footnote #gh3 ,pisa ,illu/rata1 p4 #afj1 et seq4 ,footnote #gi3 ,see ,opuscoli del ,calog]a1 tom4 xlv4 ,footnote #hj3 ,?is p]son inv5t$ & fabricat$ an ornam5t call$ ghirl&a or g>l&1 worn on ! heads ( ! ,flor5t9e *ildr54 ,footnote #ha3 ,m5gs1 tom4 ii4 p4 #aji4 ,footnote #hb3 ,tom4 vi4 p4 #abjd4 ,footnote #hc3 ,victurus g5ium debet hab]e lib]4 ,m>tial4 ,,flor5t9e ,,s*ool4 ,,epo* ,i4 ,orig9 & progress ( ,engrav+ on ,copp] & ,wood4 ,,section ,,iii4 ,! subject ( :i* ,i propose "h to treat1 ought to be m c>efully exam9$ ?an any o!r portion ( ?is "w4 ,! age 9 :i* ,i write is1 we "k1 by _m call$ ! age ( brass1 inasmu* z x has be5 less productive ( great names & great pictoric works1 ?an ! prec$+2 yet ,i believe we might bett] d5om9ate x su* f ! numb] ( engrav+s1 :i* h rec5tly be5 c>ri$ to a high degree ( excell5ce4 ,! numb] ( _! connoisseurs has increas$ beyond calculation2 new collections e :]e appe>1 & ! prices h proportionably advanc$1 :ile treatises ^u ! art are rapidly multipli$4 ,x has become a "p ( lib]al k to disc]n ! "n & h& ( a ma/]1 z well z to specify ! mo/ beautiful works ( ea* engrav]4 ,?us1 dur+ ! decl9e ( pa9t+1 ! art ( engrav+ on copp] has ris5 9 e/imation2 mod]n arti/s 9 "s po9ts equal or surpass ! m anci5t2 _! reputation1 _! remun]ation1 & ! quick process ( _! lab\rs1 attract ! reg>d ( _m m5 ( g5ius born to adorn ! arts1 :o to ! loss ( pa9t+1 devote _! att5tion to ! grav]4 ,! orig9 ( ?is art is to be s\ght = 9 t ( cutt+ on wood1 j z 9 pr9t+1 ! use ( wood5 types l$ to ! adoption ( metal4 ,! p]iod ( ! fir/ inv5tion ( wood engrav+ is unkn[n2 ! ,fr5* & ! ,g]mans trac+ x to t ( play+-c>ds1 :i* ! =m] affirm 7 fir/ us$ 9 ,france 9 ! "t ( ,*>les ,v42 :ile ! latt] ma9ta9 !y 7 9 use mu* e>li] 9 ,g]many1 or be=e ! ye> #acjj4hd ,bo? ^! op9ions 7 fir/ attack$ by ,papillon1 9 8 ,treatise ^u cutt+ 9 ,wood1 :]e he claims ! m]it ( ! discov]y = ,italy1 & f9ds ! mo/ anci5t traces ( ! art ab\t ! ye> #abhe1 at ,rav5na4 ,8 acc\nt ( x is republi%$ 9 ! preface to ! fif? volume ( ,vas>i1 pr9t$ at ,si5a2 b x is mix$ up ) s _m ass]tions1 to :i* x is difficult to give cr$it1 t ,i mu/ decl9e consid]+ x at all4 ,! ,cav4 ,tirabos*i is a f> m plausible & judici\s advocate 9 fav\r ( ,italy4#he ,on ! subject ( c>ds1 he br+s =w>d a ,,ms4 by ,s&ro di ,pippozzo di ,s&ro1 entitl$ ,trattato del ,gov]no della ,famiglia4 ,x 0 writt5 9 #abii1 & has be5 cit$ by ! au?ors ( ! ,della ,cruscan diction>y1 :o quote1 among o!r passages1 ! foll[+ words3 if y w play = money1 or ?us1 or at c>ds1 y %all provide !m1 c4 ,we may h5ce inf]1 t play+-c>ds 7 kn[n ) u e>li] ?an else:]e1 s t if ! inv5tion ( /amp+ ^u wood 0 d]iv$ f !m1 we h a j title to ! discov]y4 ,9 all probability1 h[ev]1 x does n date its orig9 s e>ly2 ! olde/ play+-c>ds 7 d\btless ! "w ( ! p51 & col\r$ by ! old illum9ators1 fir/ practis$ 9 ,france1 & n :olly ext9ct 9 ,italy at ! "t ( ,filippo ,m>ia ,visconti1 duke ( ,milan4#hf ,! fir/ indication we meet ) ( pr9t$ play-c>ds1 is 9 a public decree issu$ at ,v5ice 9 #adda2 :]e x says t ! art & trade ( c>ds & pr9t$ figures1 t is c>ri$ on at ,v5ice1 0 on ! decl9e1 ow+ to ! great increase ( play+-c>ds ) col\r$ figures /amp$1 :i* 7 introduc$ f abroad2 & t su* importation %\ld be prohibit$ = ! future4 ,sig4 ,zanetti1 to :om we are indebt$ = ?is in=mation1#hg is ( op9ion1 t !y 7 9 use long be=e #adda2 because ! art is se5 to h fir/ fl\ri%$ !re1 aft]w>ds to h fall5 into disuse1 & aga9 reviv$1 ow+ to ! protection af=d$ x by ! ,/ate4 ,^! vicissitudes1 t suppose ! lapse ( _m ye>s1 w c>ry u back at lea/ to ! comm5cem5t ( ! fifte5? c5tury4 ,to ?is p]iod1 x appe>s1 we ought to ref] ^? anci5t specim5s ( play-c>ds1 :i* 7 collect$ = ! cab9et ( ,c\nt ,giacomo ,durazzo1 =m]ly imp]ial ambassador at ,v5ice1 & are n[ to be se5 9 t ( ! ,m>quis ,girolamo1 8 nephew4 ,!y are ( l>g] dim5sions ?an ^? n[ 9 use1 & are ( a v /rong texture1 n unlike t ( ! pap] made ( cotton1 f\nd 9 ! anci5t manuscripts4 ,! figures are exhibit$ on a gold gr\nd 9 ! mann] be=e describ$2#hh !re are ?ree k+s1 two que5s1 & two knaves1 "o on horseback2 & ea* has a club1 or sword1 or money4 ,i c\ld p]ceive no trace ( suits1 ei!r because !y _h n !n come into use1 or m probably because s limit$ a numb] ( c>ds c convey no complete idea ( ! :ole game4 ,! design approa*es v ne>ly to t ( ,jacobello del ,fiore2 to ! be/ judges ! workman%ip appe>s ! effect ( pr9t+1 ! col\rs be+ giv5 by p]=ations 9 ! die4 ,i "k ( no o!r m anci5t specim5 ( its k9d4 ,9 ! mean:ile pr9t+ ( books be+ introduc$ into ,italy1 x 0 quickly foll[$ by ! practice ( ornam5t+ !m ) figures 9 wood4 ,! ,g]mans _h af=d$ examples ( cutt+ sacr$ images 9 ?is mat]ial1#hi & ! same 0 done 9 reg>d to "s ( ! initial lett]s dur+ ! e>ly progress ( typography1 a discov]y :i* 0 ext5d$ at ,rome1 9 a book publi%$ 9 #adfg1 & at ,v]ona 9 ano!r1 ) ! date ( #adgb4 ,! =m] conta9s ! ,m$itations ( ,c>d4 ,turrecremata1 ) figures also cut 9 wood1 & aft]w>ds col\r$3 ! latt] be>s ! title ( ,rob]ti ,valturii opus de re milit>i1 & x is adorn$ ) a numb] ( figures1 or draw+s ( ma*9es1 =tifications1 & assaults2 a v r>e "w1 9 ! possession ( ,c\nt ,giuseppe ,remond9i1 along ) _m o!r specim5s ( ! e>lie/ p]iod1 collect$ = 8 private libr>y1 :]e ,i saw x4 ,x is wor? rem>k+1 t ! book ( ,turrecremata 0 pr9t$ by ,uld]ico ,han1 t ( ,valturio by ,gio4 da ,v]ona1 & t 9 ?is la/ ! wood-cuts are ascrib$ to ,matteo ,pa/i1 ! fri5d ( ,valturio1 & a good pa9t] = ^? times4#ij ,aft] ?is fir/ progress ! art ( wood engrav+ cont9u$ gradually to advance1 & 0 cultivat$ by _m di/+ui%$ m51 su* z ,alb]t ,dur] 9 ,g]many2 9 ,italy by ,me*]9o di ,si5a1 by ,dom5ico delle ,gre*e1 by ,dom5ico ,campagnola1 & by o!rs d[n to ,ugo da ,c>pi1 :o m>ks a new epo* 9 ?is art1 by an inv5tion1 ( :i* we %all speak 9 ! s*ool ( ,mod5a4 ,if x be ! progress ( ! human m9d to advance f ! m easy to m difficult discov]ies1 we may v5ture to suppose t ! art ( engrav+ on wood l$ to t ( engrav+ on copp]2 & s1 to a c]ta9 ext5t1 x probably did4 ,vas>i1 h[ev]1 :o wrote ! hi/ory ( ,tuscan pr(essors1 r ?an ( pa9t+ itself1 ref]s its orig9 to works 9 niello1 or inlaid modell+ "w1 a v anci5t art1 mu* 9 use1 m especially at ,flor5ce1 dur+ ! fifte5? c5tury2 ?\gh x 0 q neglect$ 9 ! foll[+1 9 spite ( ! ef=ts ( ,cell9i to support x4 ,x 0 appli$ to h\sehold furniture1 silv] ornam5ts1 & sacr$ vessels1 su* z holy cups & vases1 to missals & o!r devotional books1 & to reliqu>ies2 z well z to pr(ane purposes1 z adorn+ ! hilts ( swords1 table ut5sils1 & _m k9ds ( female ornam5ts4 ,9 "s k9ds ( ebony desks & escrutoires x 0 held 9 great reque/1 = its little silv] /atues1 & modell$ plates1 repres5t+ figures1 hi/ories1 & fl[]s4 ,9 ! ca!dral ( ,pi/oia !re /ill rema9s a l>ge silv] palliotto1 adorn$ 9 places ) plates1 on :i* are figur$ images 9 niello1 & little scripture hi/ories4 ,! me?od 0 to cut ) ! *isel ^u ! silv] :atev] hi/ory1 portrait1 or fl[]s1 0 requir$1#ia & aft]w>ds to fill up ! holl[ "p ( ! engrav+ ) a mixture ( silv] & lead1 :i*1 f its d>k col\r1 0 call$1 by ! anci5ts1 nigellum1 :i* our c\ntrym5 curtail$ into niello2 a sub/ance :i*1 be+ incorporat$ ) ! silv]1 produc$ ! effect ( %ad[1 contra/$ ) its cle>ness1 & gave to ! entire "w ! appe>ance ( a *i>oscuro 9 silv]4 ,!re 7 _m excell5t niellatori1 or inlay]s1 :o ca/ models ) ?is sub/ance1 su* z ,=zore1 bro!r to ,p>ri ,sp9elli ( ,arezzo1 ,c>adosso & ,arcioni ( ,milan2#ib & ?ree ,flor5t9es1 :o rivall$ ea* o!r at ,s4 ,giovanni1 ,matteo ,dei1 ,antonio del ,pollaiuolo1 & ,maso ,f9igu]ra2 specim5s ( ^: paci1 cut ) wond]ful accuracy1 acquir$ = !m ! highe/ reputation4 ,we are to attribute to ,maso1 says ,vas>i1 ! beg9n+ ( engrav+ ^u copp]1 an art1 :i* = ! sake ( great] p]spicuity1 ,i %all di/+ui% into ?ree diff]5t /ates2 ! fir/ ( :i* w be f\nd z foll[s4 ,f9igu]ra 0 9 ! habit ( nev] fill+ ! little holl[s or cuts prep>$ 9 ! silv] plate until he _h fir/ made pro( ( 8 "w4 ,= ?is purpose1 z 9 tak+ a ca/1 he impress$ !m ) e>?1 ^u ! top ( :i* hav+ ?r[n a quantity ( liquid sulphur1 !y became impr9t$1 & fill$ ) smoke2 :i*1 ) ! aid ( oil1 gave him ! effect ( ! "w 9 silv]4 ,he also produc$ ! same ) moi/5$ pap]1 & ) ! same t9t or ink1 press+ x suffici5tly h>d ) a r\nd roll]1 ) a smoo? surface ?r\gh\t4 ,?is gave !m n only ! effect ( be+ pr9t$1 b t ( hav+ be5 design$ ) ink4#ic ,s f> we quote ,vas>i 9 ! preface to 8 ,life ( ,m>c ,antonio4 ,he adds1 t 9 ?is plan ,f9igu]ra 0 foll[$ by ,bald9i1 a ,flor5t9e goldsmi?2 next to :om he m5tions ,botticelli2 & he might h add$ ! "n ( ,pollaiuolo4 ,f9ally1 he concludes t ! inv5tion 0 communicat$ f ,flor5ce to ,mantegna at ,rome1 & to ,m>t9o1 call$ ,de ,clef1 9 ,fl&]s4 ,^! pro(s1 ! fir/ ( _! k9d1 made by ,f9igu]ra1 h1 = ! mo/ "p1 p]i%$4 ,"s1 :i* are attribut$ to him1 9 possession ( ! fa!rs ( ,camaldoli1 are n asc]ta9$ to be 84#id ,we are assur$1 h[ev]1 t ! sulphur ( ! pace#ie cut = ,s4 ,giovanni 9 #adeb1 ^u :i* he repres5t$ ! ,assumption ( our ,lady1 9 a v>iety ( m9ute figures1 is f 8 h&4 ,x 0 =m]ly 9 ! museum ( ! ,propo/o ,gori1 :o gave a description ( x 9 8 ,dittici 7a treatise ^u a peculi> k9d ( alt>-pieces1 tom4 iii4 p4 #cae71 & x is n[ 9 ! ,durazzo cab9et1 ) a memor&um 9 ,gori's own h&1 9 :i* he decl>es t he _h comp>$ x ) ! orig9al4#if ,( ! pro(s made on pap] none are asc]ta9$ to exi/1 ) ! exception ( t ( ! ,assumption recogniz$ by ! ,ab4 ,zani1 9 ! national collection at ,p>is4 ,x 0 made kn[n by him 9 ! ye> #ahjc2 & to ?is ,i may add ! ,epiphany1 9 an inf]ior /yle1 b m exactly f9i%$1 :i* ,i f\nd 9 ! possession ( ! ,s5ator ,m>telli1 besides a duplicate belong+ to ,s4 ,e4 ,s]atti4 ,x appe>s f its /yle1 ! "w ( ,f9igu]ra1 & to h be5 execut$ be=e ! ,assumption4 ,x is d\btful :e!r specim5s exi/ 9 ! ducal gall]y1 a "q :i* ,i leave to ! solution ( abl] p5s ?an m9e4 ,we h 9 ! ,durazzo collection1 ! pro(s or models ( _m silv]smi?s1 ^: names are unkn[n2 & = _m m we are indebt$ to ,sig4 ,antonio ,armanno1 an excell5t connoisseur 9 pr9ts1 to :om ,i %all h occasion to recur m ?an once4 ,foll[+ ! ideas ?r[n out by ,vas>i 9 ! passage cit$1 he conclud$ t ^! impressions might happ5 to h be5 conf\nd$ ) p5 designs1 ow+ to ! resemblance betwe5 !m2 he !re=e s\ght = !m 9 collections ( designs1 &1 hav+ recogniz$ !m1 pur*as$ !m = ,c\nt ,giacomo1 8 patron4 ,_m ( ^! 7 met ) 9 ! anci5t ,gadi gall]y at ,flor5ce2 ! "w ( artific]s mu* inf]ior to ,f9igu]ra1 at lea/ if we except two specim5s n unwor?y ev5 ( 8 h&4 ,to ^! a numb] ( o!rs 7 aft]w>ds add$ f diff]5t s*ools ( ,italy4 ,sometimes we may ga!r _! orig9 f ! design2 sometimes ) m c]ta9ty f inscriptions1 & o!r unequivocal signs ( ! p]iod4 ,= in/ance1 we read ! foll[+ words 9 a ,presepio1#ig engrav$ 9 rev]s$ *>act]s3 ,dom9us ,philippus ,/an*>ius fi]i fecit2 :]e ! family :i* is nam$1 along ) o!r circum/ances1 %ew x to h be5 execut$ at ,bologna4 ,"o small pr9t repres5ts a woman turn+ t[>ds a cat2 & on x is writt51 also 9 rev]se1 ,va 9 la ,caneva2 9 ano!r we read ,mant5gave ,dio2 bo? :i* are ei!r ,lomb>d or ,v5etian1 if we may judge f ! dialect4 ,f all ?is we h a "r to conclude t ,vas>i's words1 :i* ascribe to ,f9igu]ra ! practice ( prov+ 8 works be=e he ins]t$ ! niello1 are n to be limit$ to him only1 or to 8 s*ool4 ,on ! contr>y1 x appe>s t ,c>adosso1 z well z all ! be/ ,italian artific]s1 consid]$ x z no small portion ( _! art1 & t !y only atta9$ correctness 9 ! process ( inlay+ & modell+ by d9t ( su* pro(s1 & n by m]e *ance4 ,nor does ,vas>i's sil5ce militate aga9/ ?is4 ,he repeat$ly compla9s1 9 diff]5t p>ts ( 8 "w1 t he c\ld n obta9 suffici5tly full & satisfactory in=mation reg>d+ ! ,v5etian & ,lomb>d s*ools2 & if he confesses 8 ignorance ( s _m ?+s p]ta9+ to _! s*ools ( pa9t+1 x is n surpris+ t he %\ld "k less ( _! engrav+4 ,! pro(s1 !re=e1 ( ! niellatori on pap] are to be f\nd 9 all p>ts ( ,italy1 & !y may be p>ticul>ly kn[n f ! position ( ! lett]s1 :i* be+ writt5 on ! orig9al models 9 ! ord9>y way1 appe> 9 ! impression l ! ea/]n *>act]s1 f "r to left2 & 9 l mann] ! o!r "p ( ! impression is se5 9 rev]se2 z = in/ance1 a sa9t is se5 /&+ on ! left h&1 :o1 f 8 dignity1 ought to h occupi$ ! "r1 & ! actors all write1 play music1 & d e ?+ ) ! left h&4 ,!re are o!r signs :i* s]ve to di/+ui% !m2 because1 hav+ be5 press$ by h&1 or ) a roll]1 !y leave no m>k or furr[s 9 ! outl9es2 nor are we to look = t delicacy & precision 9 ! l9es t appe> 9 impressions f "u ! press4 ,!y are moreov] *>act]iz$ by _! col\r1 :i* m]ely consi/$ ( lamp black & ( oil1 or ( "s o!r v slight t9t2 ?\gh bo? ?is & ! prec$+ are dubi\s signs1 z we %all %ew4 ,x is conjectur$ t pro(s ( a simil>#ih nature 7 made by silv] c>v]s1 9 reg>d to _! graphic lab\rs1 & to o!rs 9 :i* ! niello 0 n employ$4 ,at all ev5ts !y pres]v$ !m 9 _! /udies1 & 9 ^? ( _! pupils1 to :om !y af=d$ a model2 & 9 ?is way sev]al h be5 h&$ d[n to our own times4 ,f ^! e>ly ef=ts1 ! art gradually advanc$1 z x appe>s to me1 until x atta9$ :at ,i call ! second /ate ( ! impression4 ,:5 ! pleas+ effect ( ^! pro(s 0 se51 ! idea 0 /ruck out1 ( =m+ works 9 ! same delicate & f9i%$ ta/e1 & = ?is purpose to make use ( ! same means z _h be5 until !n adopt$ = impressions 9 wood4 ,we might ?us obs]ve1 t 9 ! work%op ( ! goldsmi? 0 prep>$ ! art ( *alcography1 & ! fir/ lab\rs 7 execut$ ^u silv]1 ^u t91 or1 z ,he9ek5 obs]ves1 ^u "s composition less h>d ?an copp]4 ,we may rem>k1 t su* 0 ! practice ( ! ,italians1 be=e !y cut _! subjects 9 copp]2 b :atev] mat]ial ! fir/ goldsmi?s might adopt1 x 0 n difficult = !m to sub/itute = ! %ad[ !y produc$ by ! niello1 ! %ad[ ( ! cut itself1 & to execute ! subject on ! rev]se1 9 ord] to receive ! impression "r4 ,f t "t1 !y proce$$ gradually to ref9e ! art4 ,bo? ! roll] & ! press :i* !y _h !n 9 use 7 v imp]fect1 &1 to improve ! impression1 !y fir/ enclos$ ! plate 9 a frame ( wood1 ) f\r small nails to prev5t its slipp+2 ^u ?is !y plac$ ! pap]1 & ov] x a small moi/ l95 clo?1 :i* 0 !n press$ d[n ) =ce4 ,h5ce1 9 ! fir/ old impressions1 we may pla9ly trace on ! rev]se ! m>ks ( ! l951 = :i* felt 0 next sub/itut$1 :i* leaves no trace beh9d x4#ii ,!y next made trial ( v>i\s t9ts2 & gave ! pref]5ce to a light azure or blue1 ) :i* ! *ief "p ( ! old pr9ts are col\r$4#ajj ,! same me?od 0 adopt$ 9 =m+ ! fifty c>ds1 :i* are commonly call$ ! game ( ,mantegna4 ,i saw !m1 = ! fir/ "t1 9 possession ( 8 excell5cy ! ,m>*ese ,manfr$9i1 major-domo to ! ,duke ( ,tuscany1 ^: cab9et is fill$ ) _m ( ! *oice/ pr9ts4 ,ano!r copy ,i f\nd 9 possession ( ! ,ab4 ,boni1 & a ?ird =m]ly belong+ to ! ,duke ( ,cassano1 0 aft]w>ds transf]r$ to ! v valuable collection made by ! ,s5ator ,prior ,s]atti4 ,!re is also a copy ( ?is game on a l>ge scale1 ) "s alt]ations 7z1 = in/ance1 ,la ,f$e be>s a l>ge in/ead ( a small cross1 z 9 ! orig9al71 & is ( a mu* lat] date4 ,a second copy1 n s v r>e1 ) a numb] ( v>iations1 is 9 exi/5ce2 & 9 ?is ! fir/ c>d be>s ! ,v5etian lion z ensign1 ) ! two lett]s ,c4 & ,e4 unit$4 ,! c>d ( ! ,doge is inscrib$ ! ,doxe2 & else:]e we read 9 ! same way1 ,artixan1 ,famejo1 & o!r words 9 ! ,v5etian idiom1 :i* proves t ! au?or ( s l>ge & f9e a "w mu/ h belong$ to ! city ( ,v5ice or to ! /ate4 ,! design displays mu* ( ,mantegna1 & ( ! ,paduan s*ool2 ?\gh ! cut is n asc]ta9$ to be t ( ,&rea1 or ( any o!r kn[n ma/] ( t age4 ,a c>eful b timid h& is disc]nible1 betray+ traces ( a copyi/ ( ano!r's designs1 r ?an ( an orig9al inv5tion4 ,"t only may possibly cle> up ?is d\bt4 ,proce$+ f c>ds to books1 we are made acqua9t$ ) ! fir/ attempts at ornam5t+ !m ) cuts 9 metal4 ,! mo/ celebrat$ ( ^! consi/ ( ! ,monte ,santo di ,dio1 & ! ,comm$ia ( ,dante1 bo? pr9t$ at ,flor5ce1 & ! two editions ( ,ptolemy's ,geography1 at ,rome & ,bologna2 to :i* we may add ! ,geography ( ,b]l+hi]i1 pr9t$ at ,flor5ce2 all ! ?ree accompani$ ) tables4 ,! au?ors ( ^! engrav+s are n well kn[n2 except s f> z we le>n f ,vas>i1 t ,botticelli 0 "o :o acquir$ ! mo/ reputation4 ,he repres5t$ ! ,inf]no1 & took ! impression2 & ! two hi/ories1 execut$ by ,gio4 de ,lamagna 9 8 ,dante1 display all ! design & composition ( ,s&ro1 s z to leave no d\bt ( _! be+ 84#aja ,o!r pr9ts are likewise f\nd pa/$ 9 a few ( ! copies ( ! same edition1 am\nt+1 m or less1 to ! numb] ( n9ete52 & _! mann] is m co>se & mean1#ajb z we are in=m$ by ! ,cav4 ,gaburri1 :o collect$ !m = 8 cab9et4 ,!y mu/ h be5 execut$ by "s inf]ior h&1 & ) ! k ( ! pr9t]1 :o _h left blank spaces 9 p>ts ( ! "w int5d$ to receive ! engrav+s1 n yet complet$ on ! publication ( ! "w4 ,( a simil> ca/ 7 o!r anonym\s engrav]s ( t p]iod1 nor is !re any "n1 except ^? ( ,s&ro & ( ,pollaiuolo1 truly di/+ui%$ 9 ! art among ! ,flor5t9es4 ,9 ,upp] ,italy1 besides ,mantegna1 ,b>tolommeo ,montagna1 8 pupil1 f ,vic5za1 7to :om "s add ,montagna 8 bro!r17 & ,m>cello ,figol9o1 _! fell[ citiz51 7 bo? well kn[n4 ,figol9o is ass]t$ to h be5 ! same arti/ z "o ,robetta1 or r "o :o subscribes himself s1 or ,r4 ,b4 ,t4 ,a42 yet he ought n to be sep>at$ f ! ,flor5t9e s*ool1 to :i* ,vas>i ref]s him1 :i* ! "* ( 8 design confirms4 ,! names ( ,nicoletto da ,mod5a1 ,f4 ,gio4 ,m>ia da ,brescia1 a ,c>melite monk1 & ( 8 bro!r ,gio4 ,antonio1 h also surviv$2 z well z ,giulio & ,dom5ico ,campagnola ( ,padua4 ,!re are n a few anonym\s productions :i* only ann\nce t !y 7 execut$ 9 ! ,v5etian or ,lomb>d mann]4 ,= su* artific]s z 7 9 ! habit ( tak+ impressions f ! roll]1 ei!r :olly omitt$ names1 or only affix$ t ( ! design]1 or m]ely gave _! own initials1 :i* are n[ ei!r d\btful1 or no long] und]/ood4 ,= in/ance1 !y w\ld write ,m4 ,f41 :i* ,vas>i int]prets into ,m>c-antonio ,francia1 :ile o!rs read ,m>cello ,figol9o1 & a ?ird p>ty1 ,maso ,f9igu]ra2 ?is la/ q errone\sly1 z1 aft] ! mo/ m9ute rese>*es1 made by ! v able ,cavali]e ,gaburri1 ?r\gh\t ,flor5ce1 !re is no engrav+ ( t arti/ to be f\nd4#ajc ,9 ! ,durazzo collection1 aft] twelve plates1 :i* are suppos$ to be pro(s ( ! silv] engrav]s1 pr9t$ 9 rev]se1 we f9d sev]al o!rs ( ! fir/ impressions tak5 ) ! roll]1 & appe>+ to ! "r2 b n unlike ! pro(s 9 ! me*anical "p ( ! impression1 & 9 reg>d to ! unc]ta9ty ( _! arti/s4 ,= ?is1 & o!r in=mation on ! subject1 ,i am indebt$ to ! k9dness ( ! ,ab4 ,boni1 :o hav+ enjoy$ ! famili> acqua9tance ( ,c\nt ,giacomo1 is n[ engag$ 9 prep>+ a full acc\nt ( 8 f9e collection4 ,! la/ /ate ( engrav+ on copp] ,i consid] to be t 9 :i* ! press & ! pr9t+ ink be+ n[ discov]$1 ! art began to approa* ne>] p]fection2 & x 0 !n x became fir/ sep>at$ f ! goldsmi?'s art1 l ! full gr[n (fspr+1 receiv$ pupils1 & op5$ its /udio ap>t4 ,x is difficult to fix ! precise epo* :5 x atta9$ ?is degree ( p]fection 9 ,italy4 ,! same artific]s :o _h employ$ ! roll]1 7 "s ( !m liv+1 to avail !mselves ( ! press1 su* z ,nicoletto da ,mod5a1 ,gio4 ,antonio da ,brescia1 & ,mantegna himself1 ( ^: pr9ts !re exi/1 z x 71 two editions2 ! "o ) ! roll]1 exhibit+ fa9t t9ts1 ! o!r 9 good ink1 & f ! press4 ,!n ! engrav]s fir/ becom+ jeal\s le/ o!rs %\ld appropriate _! reputation1 affix$ _! own names m frequ5tly to _! works2 beg9n+ ) _! initials1 & f9ally atta*+ ! full "n4 ,! ,g]mans held out ! e>lie/ examples1 :i* our c\ntrym5 imitat$2 ) "o :o surpass$ all 8 pr$ecessors1 ! celebrat$ ,m>c ,antonio ,raimondi1 or del ,francia4 ,he 0 a native ( ,bologna1 & 0 in/ruct$ 9 ! art ( work+ 9 niello by ,francesco ,francia1 9 :i* he acquir$ s+ul> skill4 ,proce$+ next to engrav+s ^u metal1 he began ) engrav+ "s ( ! productions ( 8 ma/]4 ,at fir/ he imitat$ ,mantegna1 !n ,alb]t ,dur]1 & subsequ5tly p]fect$ himself 9 design "u ,raffaello d',urb9o4 ,?is la/ af=d$ him fur!r assi/ance2 he ev5 p]mitt$ 8 own gr9d] ( col\rs1 ,bavi]a1 to manage ! press1 9 ord] t ,m>c ,antonio might devote himself :olly to engrav+ ,raffaello's designs1 to :i* we owe ! numb] we meet ) 9 diff]5t collections4 ,he pursu$ ! same plan ) ! works ( antiquity1 z well z ^? ( a few mod]ns1 ( ,bon>ruoti1 ( ,giulio ,romano1 & ( ,b&9elli1 besides sev]al o!rs1 ( :i* he 0 bo? ! design] & engrav]4 ,sometimes he omitt$ e k9d ( m>k1 & e lett]2 sometimes he adopt$ ! little tablet ( ,mantegna1 ei!r ) lett]s or )\t4 ,9 "s engrav+s ( ! ,passion he c\nt]feit$ bo? ! h& & ! m>k ( ,alb]t ,dur]3 & n unfrequ5tly he gave ! initial lett]s ( 8 own & ( ,raffaello's "n1 & t ( ,mi*el ,angiolo ,fior5t9o ^u ^? he engrav$ aft] ,bon>ruoti4 ,he 0 assi/$ by 8 two pupils1 ,ago/9 ,v5eziano & ,m>co ,ravignano1 :o succe$$ him 9 ! s]ies ( engrav+s f ,raffaello2 :i* l$ ,vas>i to obs]ve1 9 8 ,life ( ,m>c ,antonio1 t1 betwe5 ,ago/9o & ,m>co ne>ly all ,raffaello's designs & pa9t+s _h be5 engrav$4 ,^! two execut$ works conjo9tly2 till at l5g? !y p>t$1 & ea* affix$ to 8 productions ! two initial lett]s ( 8 "n & c\ntry4 ,x 0 ?us ! art ( engrav+ 9 ! /udio ( ,raffaello1 & by means ( ,m>c ,antonio1 & ( 8 s*ool1 rose to a high degree ( p]fection1 n _m ye>s aft] its fir/ comm5cem5t4 ,s9ce t p]iod no arti/ has appe>$ capable ( treat+ x ) m k ( design1 & ) m precision ( l9es & cont\r2 ?\gh 9 o!r po9ts x has acquir$ mu* f ! h& ( ,p>migian9o1 :o engrav$ 9 aqua-=tis1#ajd f ,ago/9o ,c>acci1 & f diff]5t =eign]s ( ! la/ c5tury1 among :om we may notice ,edel9k1 ,masson1 ,audran1 ,drevet1 &1 9 ! pres5t age1 sev]al1 bo? ,italians & /rang]s1 ( :om1 9 ?is place1 we mu/ refra9 f speak+4 ,i may be p]mitt$1 9 ?is place1 to ent] into a brief inve/igation ( ! long conte/$ "q ( engrav+ ^u copp]1 :e!r its discov]y is to be attribut$ to ,g]many or to ,italy2 & if to ,italy1 :e!r to ,flor5ce or to "s o!r place4 ,mu* has be5 writt5 ^u ! subject1 bo? by natives & =eign]s1 b1 if ,i mi/ake n1 x has sc>cely be5 treat$ ) t accuracy :i* is necess>y = ! atta9m5t ( tru?4 ,t x is q requisite to divide ?is bran* ( art into ?ree sev]al /ates or /ages1 ,i tru/ ,i h already suffici5tly %ewn4 ,9 foll[+ up ?is division we %all h a bett] *ance ( asc]ta9+ :at portion ( m]it ought to be aw>d$ to ea* c\ntry4 ,vas>i1 toge!r ) ,cell9i1 9 8 ,treatise ^u ! ,goldsmi?'s art1 z well z mo/ o!r writ]s1 are incl9$ to ref] its comm5cem5t to ,flor5ce1 & to ! arti/ ,f9igu]ra4 ,d\bts h s9ce aris52 :ile s rec5t an au?or z ,bott>i1 himself a ,flor5t9e1 m5tions x z a circum/ance n yet asc]ta9$4 ,! epo* ( ,maso 0 alt]$ ?r\gh mi/ake1 by ,manni1 :o speaks ( 8 decease z happ5+ previ\s to #adbd4aje ,?is has be5 correct$ by ref]5ce to ! au!ntic books ( ! ,arte de' ,m]canti1 9 :i* ! pace already cit$ is m5tion$ z be+ paid = 9 ! ye> #adeb4 ,ab\t ! same "t1 ,antonio ,pollaiuolo1 /ill a y\?1 z we le>n f ,vas>i1 9 8 life1 0 ! rival ( ,f9igu]ra 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,giovanni2 & z ,maso _h at t p]iod already acquir$ great celebrity1 we may conclude t he 0 ( a mature age1 & exp]i5c$ 9 ! art4 ,we h fur!r a "r to suppose1 ) ,gaburri & ,tirabos*i1 t hav+ !n tak5 pro(s ( all ! subjects :i* he _h engrav$ on silv]1 he _h obs]v$ ?is cu/om f ! ye> #addj1 & p]haps e>li]2 & we ?us discov] ! elem5ts ( *alcography 9 ,flor5ce1 satisfactorily d$uc$ f hi/ory4#ajf ,= nei!r ) ! aid ( hi/ory1 monum5ts1 nor reason+1 am ,i enabl$ to discov] an epo* equally remote belong+ to any o!r c\ntry2 z we %all %ew1 9 ! fir/ place1 9 reg>d to ,g]many4 ,x possesses no annals s f> back z t p]iod4 ,! cr$ulity ( ,s&r>t#ajg l$ him to "q ! tru? ( ?is1 by ref]r+ to a small pr9t ( unc]ta9 orig91 on :i* he believ$ he c\ld read ! date #adaa1 & ^u ano!r t ( #adee4 ,at ?is p]iod1 h[ev]1 :5 ! au?ority ( ,s&r>t is ( small acc\nt1 no less f 8 frequ5t contradictions ?an 8 p>tiality1 :i* has r5d]$ him suspect$ ev5 by 8 own c\ntrym51 we may receive 8 two engrav+s z false co91 n valuable en\gh to pur*ase ! cr$it ( ! discov]y f u4 ,^? two di/+ui%$ writ]s1 ,me]man1#ajh & ! ,b>on ,he9ek51#aji 7 equally b5t ^u refut+ him4 ,!y d n pret5d to trace any e>li] engrav] 9 ,g]many ?an ,m>t9 ,s*o51 call$ by o!rs ,bonm>t9o1 & by ,vas>i1 ,m>t9o di ,anv]sa1#aaj :o di$ 9 #adhf4 ,"s are ( op9ion t he _h two bro!rs1 :o assi/$ him1 b :o are unkn[n2 & n long aft] appe> ! names ( ,israel ,meckeln1#aaa ,van ,bockold1 ,mi*ael ,wolgemu?1 ma/] to ,alb]t ,dur]1 ) _m o!rs :o approa*$ ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,x is cont5d$1 h[ev]1 t engrav+ on copp] 0 kn[n 9 ,g]many ant]ior to ^!2 z !re exi/ specim5s by d\btful h&s1 :i* h ! appe>ance ( be+ mu* e>li]4 ,me]man1 on ! au?ority ( ,*ri/1#aab adduces "o ) ! initials ,c4 ,e4 & ! date #adfe1 besides two describ$ by ,b>4 ,he9ek51 dat$ #adff1 ! fir/ ( :i* is sign$ f4 #d s1 ! second b x s1 & bo? ! arti/s unkn[n4 ,he decl>es t he _h nev] se5 old] engrav+s t bore a "n1 7p4 #bca17 & obs]ves t _! mann] resembles t ( ,s*o51 only co>s]1 :i* leads him to suspect t ! au?ors mu/ h be5 8 ma/]s1 7p4 #bbj74 ,b :oev] 0 ,s*o5's ma/]1 ,he9ek5 concludes he mu/ h fl\ri%$ m ?an t5 ye>s e>li] ?an 8 "t1 s z to br+ x back to #adej1 :5 ! art ( engrav+ by ! bur9 0 und\bt$ly practis$ 9 ,g]many1 7p4 #bbj74 ,& z if ?is appe>$ too little to be grant$1 he adds1 ab\t f\r pages fur!r on1 t he 0 tempt$ to place ! epo* ( its discov]y at lea/ t[>ds ! ye> #addj4 ,! cause is well plead$1 b x is n c>ri$4 ,let u try to confront reasons ) reasons4 ,! ,italians h ! te/imony ( hi/ory 9 _! fav\r2 ! ,g]mans h x aga9/ !m4 ,! =m]1 )\t any attempt at exagg]ation1 proce$ z f> back z #addj1 & ev5 f>!r2#aac ! latt]1 by d9t ( conjecture1 rea* z f> z #adej1 & are only tempt$ to anticipate x by t5 ye>s date4 ,! ,italians comm5ce ! art ) ,maso1 n f 8 ma/]2 ! ,g]mans are n cont5t to date f ,s*o51 b f 8 ma/]1 an advantage !y ei!r d5y to ,italy1 & ?us fail to draw an equal comp>ison2 or if !y conc$e ! ma/]1 we /ill anticipate by t5 ye>s _! orig9 ( *alcography4 ,! ,italians1 aga91 confirm ! tru? ( _! hi/ory by a numb] ( au!ntic docum5ts1 pro(s 9 niello1 fir/ impressions1 & ! progress ( ! art f its e>lie/ /ages to maturity4 ,! ,g]mans supply _! hi/oric defici5cy by monum5ts1 9 "p prov$ to be false1 9 "p d\btful1 & :i* are easily convict$ ( insuffici5cy = ! propos$ object4 ,because :o c assure u t ! pr9ts ( #adfe or #ff1 are n ! production ( ! bro!rs or ! disciples ( ,s*o51 s9ce ,he9ek5 himself confesses t !y 7 possibly ! "w ( "s contempor>y arti/s1 8 inf]iors8 ,d we n f9d 9 ,italy t ! foll[]s ( ,botticelli are inf]ior to him1 & appe> to be ( e>li] date8 ,moreov]1 :o c assure u t ,s*o5 0 in/ruct$ by a ma/] ( 8 own nation2 :5 all 8 engrav+s t h be5 hi!rto produc$1 appe> already p]fect 9 _! k9d2#aad nor d we f9d m5tion$ 9 ,g]many ei!r pro(s 9 niello1 or fir/ essays 9 metals ( a s(t] temp]8 ,! fact !re=e1 mo/ probably is1 :at has inv>iably obta9$ cr$it1--t ! inv5tion 0 communicat$ f ,italy to ,g]many1 & z a matt] n at all difficult to ! goldsmi?s1 0 spe$ily practis$ !re ) success2 ,i might ev5 add1 0 greatly improv$4 ,= bo? ! press & pr9t]'s ink be+ well kn[n !re1 arti/s 7 enabl$ to add to ! me*anic "p ( ! art1 improvem5ts ) :i* ,italy 0 unacqua9t$2 ,i w produce an example ( :at ,i mean1 t _c fail to conv9ce4 ,pr9t+ ( books 0 discov]$ 9 ,g]many3 hi/ory & monum5ts alike confirm x1 :i* are to be trac$ gradually f tabul> pr9ts to moveable types1 /ill ( wood1 & f ^! to *>act]s ( metal4 ,9 su* /ate 0 ! inv5tion br\ght to ,italy1 :]e1 )\t pass+ ?r\gh ^! int]m$iate degrees1 books 7 pr9t$ n only 9 moveable *>act]s ( metal1 b ) tables cut 9 copp]1 ?us add+ to ! art a degree ( p]fection :i* x want$4 ,he9ek5 objects t ! ,g]mans at t p]iod _h v little correspond5ce ) ! cities ( ,italy1 ) ! exception ( ,v5ice1 7p4 #aci74 ,to ?is ,i answ] t our univ]sities ( ,pisa & ,bologna1 besides sev]al o!rs1 7 mu* frequ5t$ by "y m5 f ,g]many1 at t p]iod2 & t = ! conv5i5ce bo? ( /rang]s & ( natives1 a ,diction>y ( ! ,g]man language 0 pr9t$ at ,v5ice1 9 #adge1 & 9 #adgi1 at ,bologna2 a circum/ance suffici5t ( itself to prove t !re 0 no little communication betwe5 ! two nations4 ,!re are1 besides1 s _m o!r reasons to believe t a great degree ( int]c\rse subsi/$1 m p>ticul>ly betwe5 ,g]many & ,flor5ce1#aae dur+ ! p]iod we treat (2 t we ought n to be at all surpris$ at ! arts belong+ to ! "o be+ communicat$ to ! o!r4 ,hi!rto ,i h plead$1 z f> z lay 9 my p[]1 ! cause ( my c\ntry2 ?\gh )\t hav+ be5 able1 ,i fe>1 to br+ ! "q to a close4 ,"s "t1 x is possible1 t ^? e>lie/ essays & pro(s ( ! art1 :i* h hi!rto elud$ rese>*1 may be discov]$3 x is possible t "s "o ( _! writ]s1 :o are at once s truly le>n$ & s num]\s1 may improve ^u ! h9t ?r[n out by ,he9ek5 7p4 #aci71 t ! ,g]mans & ! ,italians1 )\t any k9d ( correspond+ k on ! subject1 /ruck out simultane\s discov]ies ( ! mod]n art4 ,h[ev] ?is may *ance to be1 x is my "p to write f ! in=mation & au?orities :i* ,i h be=e me4 ,x rema9s to be se5 :e!r1 on ! exclusion ( ,g]many1 !re is any o!r "p ( ,italy t may h anticipat$ ! discov]y ( ,f9igu]ra at ,flor5ce4 ,"s ( 8 oppon5ts h v5tur$ to "q 8 title on ! /r5g? ( metallic impressions ( seals1 :i* are met ) on ,italian p>*m5ts f ! e>lie/ p]iods4 ,?is %ews only t ! art advanc$ dur+ sev]al ages on ! v]ge ( ?is inv5tion2 b x does n prove t ! v orig9 ( ! discov]y is to be s\ght = 9 seals2 o!rwise we %\ld be b\nd to comm5ce ! hi/ory ( mod]n typography f ! seals ( e>!n-w>e1 ) :i* our museums ab\nd4 ,no "o w cont5d t c]ta9 immemorial & undige/$ elem5ts t lay = _m ages neglect$ & un=m$1 ought to h a place 9 ! hi/ory ( art2 & ?is we are n[ treat+ on1 ought n to date its comm5cem5t beyond ! p]iod :5 silv]smi?s' %ops _h be5 e/abli%$1 :]e1 9 fact1 x took its orig9 & grew to maturity4 ,we mu/ !n comp>e ! pro(s rema9+ to u ( _! lab\rs1 & see :e!r su* pro(s 7 9 use at any o!r place1 be=e ! "t ( ,f9igu]ra4 ,i might obs]ve t !re are two ?reads1 z x 71 :i* may s]ve z a clue to ?is labyr9?1 until we may some:]e or by "s means asc]ta9 ! actual date2 & ^! two are ! "* & ! design4 ,! "* 9 all ! pro(s ,i h exam9$1 is n at all 7z we commonly call x7 ( a go?ic description2 x is r\nd & roman1 accord+ to ! obs]vation be=e made 7at p4 #di71 & does n lead u f>!r back ?an ! ye> #addj4 ,! design is m suspici\s3 9 ! ,durazzo collection ,i h se5 pro(s ( nielli ) m co>se designs ?an are display$ 9 ! works ( ,maso1 b !y are p]haps n ! (fspr+ ( ! ,flor5t9e s*ool4 ,i %all n "h attempt to anticipate ! judgm5t ( ^? :o may engage to illu/rate ^! anci5t rema9s2 nor t ( ! public1 9 reg>d to ! engrav+s correctly tak5 f !m1 :i* mu/ pron\nce _! def9itive s5t5ce4 ,if ,i mi/ake n1 h[ev]1 true connoisseurs w be cauti\s h[ !y pass a f9al op9ion4 ,x w n be difficult = !m to disc]n a ,bolognese f a ,flor5t9e arti/1 9 mod]n pa9t+1 aft] x is se5 t ea* s*ool =m$ its own peculi> "* bo? 9 col\r+ & 9 design2 b 9 reg>d to pro(s ( nielli1#aaf to di/+ui% s*ool f s*ool1 w n be s easy a task4 ,= ?\gh x may be asc]ta9$1 = in/ance1 t su* a pro( came f ,bologna2 c we pron\nce f ! fact ( its be+ co>s] & raw] ?an ! designs ( ,f9igu]ra1 t x is s f> m anci5t8 ,maso & ! ,flor5t9es1 aft] ! "t ( ,masaccio1 _h already s(t5$ _! /yle t[>ds ! ye> #addj2 b c we ass]t ! same ( ! o!r s*ools ( ,italy8 ,besides1 is x c]ta9 t ! silv]smi?s1 f ^: h&s proce$$ ! pro(s1 s\ght out ! be/ design]s2#aag & did n copy1 = in/ance1 ! ,bolognese1 ! design ( a ,pieta by ,jacopo ,avanzi1 or ! ,v5etians1 a ,madonna by ,jacobello del ,fiore8 ,! m dry1 co>se1 & clumsy specim5s !re=e1 _c easily be adduc$ aga9/ ,f9igu]ra z a pro( ( great] antiquity2 o!rwise we %\ld run into ! :imsical sophi/ry ( ,scalza1 :o affirm$ t ! ,b>onci 7 ! mo/ anci5t m5 9 ,flor5ce1 & 9 ! :ole _w1 because !y 7 ! uglie/4#aah ,we mu/ !re=e p]mit ,maso to re/ quietly 9 possession ( ! discov]y1 until fur!r & m anci5t pro(s are adduc$1 ?an are to be f\nd 9 8 c>ds & 8 zolfi4 ,9 my acc\nt ( ! second /ate ( engrav+1 ,i %all n make m5tion ( ! ,g]man ma/]s1 9 reg>d to :om ,i h n dates t may be ?\ght suffici5t2 ,i %all conf9e my att5tion to ^? ( ,italy4 ,i %all comp>e ! te/imony ( ,vas>i & ,lomazzo2 "o ( :om supposes ! art to h orig9at$ 9 ,upp]1 ! o!r 9 ,l[] ,italy4 ,9 8 ,life ( ,m>c ,antonio1 ,vas>i obs]ves1 t ,f9igu]ra 0 foll[$ by ,baccio ,bald9i1 a ,flor5t9e goldsmi?1 :o be+ little skill$ 9 design1 e ?+ he execut$ 0 aft] designs & inv5tions ( ,s&ro ,botticello4 ,z soon z ,&rea ,mantegna le>n$ ?is circum/ance at ,rome1 he fir/ began to turn 8 att5tion to ! engrav+ ( 8 own works4 ,n[ 9 ! life ( ,s&ro he makes p>ticul> m5tion ( ! "t :5 he appli$ himself to ! art1 :i* 0 at ! p]iod he _h complet$ 8 lab\rs 9 ! ,si/9e *apel4 ,return+ directly aft] to ,flor5ce1 he began to comm5t ^u ,dante1 he drew ! ,inf]no1 & engrav$ x1 :i* occupy+ a l>ge portion ( 8 "t1 0 ! occasion ( mu* tr\ble & inconv5i5ce 9 8 future life4 ,botticelli is "h consid]$ an engrav] f ab\t #adgd1 at ! age ( ?irty-sev5 ye>s2 & ,bald9i1 :o execut$ e ?+ f ! designs ( ,s&ro1 also practis$ ! art4 ,at ! same p]iod fl\ri%$ ,antonio ,pollaiuolo1 :o acquir$ a high] reputation ?an ei!r ( ! la/4 ,few ( 8 impressions rema91 b among ^! is ! celebrat$ battle ( ! nak$ soldi]s1 approa*+ ne>e/ 9 po9t ( p[] to ! bold /yle ( ,mi*elangiolo4 ,! epo* ( ^! productions is to be plac$ ab\t #adhj1 because hav+ acquir$ great celebrity by !m1 he 0 invit$ to ,rome t[>ds ! close ( #adhc1 to raise ! monum5t ( ,sixtus ,,iv41 :o di$ 9 t ye>4 ,accord+ to ,vas>i1 ,mantegna hav+ decorat$ ! *apel ( ,innoc5t ,,viii4 at ,rome1 ab\t #adij1aai f t or ! prec$+ ye> is intitl$ to ! "n ( engrav]1 comput+ x f ab\t 8 sixtie? ye>4 ,he fl\ri%$ m ?an sixte5 ye>s aft] ?is p]iod2 dur+ :i* is x to be believ$ t he produc$ t amaz+ numb] ( engrav+s1#abj am\nt+ to m ?an fifty1 ( :i* ab\t ?irty appe> to be g5u9e specim5s1 on s gr& a scale1 s ri* 9 figures1 s f9ely /udi$ & ,mantegnesque 9 e "p2 t he execut$ ^! :5 he 0 already old1 new to ! art1 an art fatigu+ to ! eye & ! *e/ ev5 ( "y arti/s2 t he pursu$ x amid/ 8 late/ occupations 9 ,mantua1 :i* we %all1 9 _! place1 describe1 & t he produc$ su* gr& results )9 sixte5 or sev5te5 ye>s4 ,ei!r ,vas>i mu/ h mi/ak5 ! dates1 or wi%$ to impose ^u our cr$ulity by 8 au?ority4 ,lomazzo leads u to draw a v diff]5t conclusion1 :5 9 8 ,treatise 7p4 #fhb7 he adds ?is %ort eulogy to ! "n & m]its ( ,mantegna1 a skilful pa9t]1 & ! fir/ engrav] ( pr9ts 9 ,italy2 b :]e9 he does n m5tion him z an inv5tor1 mean+ only to ascribe to him ! m]it ( introduc+ ! second /ate ( ! art at lea/ 9 ,italy2 because he believ$ t x _h already aris5 9 ,g]many4 ,su* au?ority z ?is is wor? our att5tion4 ,i %all h occasion 9 ! c\rse ( my n>rative to combat "s ( ,lomazzo's ass]tions2 b ,i %all also feel b\nd to concur ) him frequ5tly 9 ! epo*s illu/rat$ by him4 ,he 0 born ab\t tw5ty-five ye>s subsequ5t to ,vas>i2 he _h m erudition1 0 a bett] critic1 & on ! affairs ( ,lomb>dy 9 p>ticul>1 0 enabl$ to correct him1 & to supply 8 defici5cies4 ,i am n surpris$1 !n1 t ,me]man 7p4 #bei7 %\ld suppose ,&rea to h be5 already an engrav] be=e ! "t ( ,bald9i & ,botticelli2 ,i c\ld h wi%$ only t he _h bett] obs]v$ ! ord] ( ! epo*s1 & n po/pon$ ! praise due to him until ! pontificate ( ,innoc5t ,,viii4 ,9 fact1 x is n easy to asc]ta9 ! exact "t :5 ,mantegna fir/ direct$ 8 att5tion to ! art ( engrav+4 ,x decid$ly appe>s t he comm5c$ at ,padua2 = ! v confid5ce he displays 9 e plate1 %ews t he c\ld be no novice2 nor is x cr$ible t 8 noviciate began only 9 old age4 ,i suspect he receiv$ ! rudim5ts ( ! art f ,niccolo1 a di/+ui%$ goldsmi?1 z he gave 8 portrait1 toge!r ) t ( ,squ>cione1 9 a hi/ory piece ( ,s4 ,cri/(oro1 at ! ,eremitani 9 ,padua2 ea* mo/ probably be+ a tribute ( respect to 8 =m] ma/]4 ,x is true t we meet ) no specim5s ( 8 h& at t1 or ev5 a lat] p]iod ( 8 e>ly life2 ?\gh we ought to recollect t he nev] affix$ any dates to 8 works4 ,s t x is impossible to say t none ( !m 7 ! production ( 8 e>li] ye>s1 h[ev] equal & beautiful !y appe> 9 reg>d to _! /yle2 inasmu* z 9 8 pa9t+s we are enabl$ to detect little diff]5ce betwe5 8 hi/ory ( ,s4 ,cri/(oro1 pa9t$ 9 ! fl[] ( y\?1 & 8 alt>-piece at ,s4 ,&rea ( ,mantua1 :i* is consid]$ "o ( 8 la/ lab\rs4 ,a specim5 ( 8 engrav+ ) a date1 is believ$1 h[ev]1 by "s1 to be conta9$ 9 a book ( ,pietro d',abano2 intitl$ ,tractatus de ,v55is1 publi%$ 9 ,mantua1 #adgb1 9 cujus pag9a prima litt]a initialis a]i incisa exhibetur1 quae integram columnae latitud9em occupat4 ,patet h9c artem *alcographicam jam anno #adgb extitisse4 ,?us f> writes ! le>n$ ,panz]1#aba b :e!r he ev] saw ! "w t exi/s 9 folio1 & ( sev5 pages1 ,i am n c]ta94#abb ,a qu>to edition 0 likewise edit$ 9 ,mantua1 #adgc1 & a copy is !re pres]v$ 9 ! public libr>y1 b )\t any plates4 ,x is c]ta91 h[ev]1 t ab\t ?is p]iod copp] engrav+ 0 practis$1 n only 9 ,mantua1 :]e ,mantegna resid$1 b also 9 ,bologna4 ,! geography ( ,ptolemy1 pr9t$ 9 ,bologna by ,dom5ico de ,lapis1 ) ! app>5tly incorrect date ( #adfb1 is 9 ! possession ( ! ,cors9i at ,rome1 & ( ! ,fosc>9i at ,v5ice4#abc ,x conta9s tw5ty-six geographical tables1 engrav$ v co>sely1 yet s greatly admir$ by ! pr9t]1 t he applauds ?is new discov]y1 & comp>es x to ! inv5tion ( pr9t+1 :i* n long be=e _h appe>$ 9 ,g]many4 ,we give 8 words z !y are quot$ f ! ,lat9 )\t be+ refut$1 by ,me]man1 at p4 #bea3 ,acc$it mirifica imprim5di tales tabulas ratio1 cujus inv5toris laus nihil illorum laude inf]ior1 qui primi litt]>um imprim5d>um artem pep]]unt1 9 admirationem sui /udiosissimum quemque facillime conv]t]e pote/4 ,! same writ]1 h[ev]1 along ) o!r le>n$ m51 cont5ds t ! date ought to be correct$1 *iefly on ! au?ority ( ! catalogue ( ! correctors ( ! "w1 among :om we f9d ,filippo ,b]oaldo1 :o1 9 #adfb1 0 no m ?an n9e ye>s ( age4 ,h5ce ,me]man inf]s1 t we ought to read #adhb2 ,audifr$i & o!rs1 #adia2 nei!r ( :i* op9ions ,i c agree )4 ,= ! "w ( ,ptolemy be+ publi%$ at ,rome1 accompani$ by tw5ty-sev5 elegant *>ts 9 #adgh1 :at presumption1 or r folly1 9 ! publi%] ( ! ,bolognese edition1 to ?9k ( applaud+ its beauty1 aft] ! appe>ance ( "o s incomp>ably sup]ior6 ,i am !re=e compell$ to ref] ! =m] to an e>li] p]iod ?an ! la/ m5tion$ ye>4 ,besides1 ,i ought to in=m ! read]1 t ! engrav+ ( tw5ty-six geographical plates1 full ( l9es1 di/ances1 & ref]5ces1 mu/ h be5 a long & difficult task1 p>ticul>ly dur+ ! infancy ( ! art1 suffici5t to occupy sev]al ye>s2 z we are c]ta9 t ?ree or f\r 7 devot$ to ! same purpose at ,rome by m mod]n engrav]s1 f> m exp]t4 ,we are !re=e b\nd to ant$ate ! epo* ( ! ,bolognese engrav+ sev]al ye>s be=e ! publication ( ! book1 :i* belongs p]haps to ! ye> #adgb4abd ,i %all n1 h[ev]1 set myself up z an umpire 9 ?is dispute2 anxi\sly expect+1 z ,i d1 an excell5t treatise f ! p5 ( ,sig4 ,b>tolommeo ,gamba2 :i* ,i feel assur$ w n fail to gratify ! public4#abe ,9 reg>d to ,bologna1 !re=e1 ,i %all only seek to prove t ! progress ( ! goldsmi?'s art to t ( engrav+ ^u metal1 0 m rapid ?an x has be5 suppos$4 ,he9ek5 himself obs]ves1 9 describ+ ! ,ptolemy1 t x is evid5t1 f ! traces ( ! zigzag1 :i* ! goldsmi?s are 9 ! habit ( putt+ on ! silv] plates1 ! "w is ! production ( "o belong+ to t art4 ,! e>lie/ works t c be po9t$ out ) c]ta9ty at ,flor5ce1 are ! ?ree elegant engrav+s ( ! ,monte ,santo di ,dio1 publi%$ 9 #adgg2 & ! two 9 ! two cantos ( ,dante1 #adha2 "o ( :i*1 z if a ?ird engrav+1 0 repeat$ 9 ! same book2 :ile all ( !m seem to h be5 drawn f ! roll]1 ! art ( ins]t+ ! plates 9 ! lett]-press be+ !n unkn[n4 ,we h yet to notice ! ?irty-sev5 geographical *>ts1 9 :atev] way execut$1 affix$ to ! book ( ,b]l+hi]i1 :i* 0 pr9t$ ab\t ! same p]iod1 )\t any date4 ,^! also conta9 sev]al heads ) ! names ,aquilo1 ,africus1 c41 b !y are all ( y\?ful appe>ance1 & tol]able 9 po9t ( design2 :]eas ! same heads 9 ,bologna are ( diff]5t ages1 ) long be>ds & caps1 & 9 a co>s] mann]4 ,! ?ree be=e m5tion$ works appe>$ f ! press ( ,niccolo ,t$esco1 or ,niccolo di ,lor5zo de ,lamagna1 ! fir/ :o pr9t$ books at ,flor5ce ) copp] plates4 ,! la/ & mo/ complete /ate ( engrav+ ^u copp]1 comes next "u our notice4 ,= ?is improvem5t1 x appe>s to me1 we are z mu* indebt$ to ,g]many z = ! art ( pr9t+ books4 ,! press !re fir/ discov]$ = typography1 op5$ ! way = t appli$ to copp] plates4 ,! me*anical con/ruction to be sure 0 diff]5t1 9 ! =m] ! impression be+ drawn f ca/ lett]s :i* rise outw>ds2 9 ! latt] f plates cut holl[ )9 by ! arti/'s grav]4 ,a k9d ( ink 0 at ! same "t adopt$1 ( a /rong] & less fulig9\s col\r1 ?an _h be5 us$ = engrav+s 9 wood2 b z x is t]m$ by ,me]man 7p4 #ab71 s+ul>e ac t5uius4 ,! same au?or fixes ! date ( ?is improvem5t 9 ! art at ab\t #adgj2 & mo/ probably he meant to d$uce x f ! e>lie/ copp] engrav+s :i* appe>$ 9 ,g]many4 ,( ?is ,i _c v5ture to speak1 n hav+ se5 ! two specim5s cit$ by ,he9ek51 & ! o!rs t be> a date2 nor is x at all connect$ ) our pres5t hi/ory ( ,italian art1 z f> z reg>ds engrav+4 ,we ga!r f x1 t su* improvem5t 0 br\ght to u f ,g]many by ! same ,corrado ,sweyneym1 :o prep>$ ! beautiful edition ( ,ptolemy at ,rome4 ,we le>n f ! anonym\s preface prefix$1 t ,corrado devot$ ?ree ye>s to ! task1 & left x incomplete2 & x 0 cont9u$ by ,arnold ,buck9ck1 & publi%$ by him1 z ,i already obs]v$1 9 #adgh4 ,! tables are engrav$ ) a surpris+ degree ( elegance1 & are tak5 f ! press1 z ,me]man1 adopt+ ! op9ion ( ,raidelio1 & ( su* bibliograph]s z h describ$ x1 has cle>ly %ewn1 7p4 #beh74 ,x is conjectur$ t ,corrado comm5c$ 8 lab\rs ab\t #adgb1 a fact asc]ta9$ no less f ! te/imony ( ,cald]9o1 ! corrector ( ! "w1 ?an f ! tables1 impressions ( :i* 7 tak5 9 #adge4abf ,"s are ( op9ion t ! engrav+ 0 f ! h& ( ,corrado1 al?\gh ! au?or ( ! preface simply obs]ves1 animum ad hanc doctr9am capess5dam applicuit 7t is1 to geography7 sub9de matematicis adhibitis viris quemadmodum tabulis a5eis imprim]5tur edocuit1#abg tri5nioque 9 hac cura consumpto diem obiit4 ,& x seems v probable1 t z he employ$ ,italians 9 ! correction ( ! text1 he 0 also assi/$ by "s "o ( ! same nation 9 ! engrav+s4 ,x /rikes me1 likewise1 t ,botticelli 0 attract$ by ?is novel art at ,rome1 s9ce on 8 return ab\t ! ye> #adgd1 he began to engrave copp] plates ) all ! ard\r t ,vas>i has describ$1 & 0 9 fact ! fir/ :o repres5t$ full figures & hi/ories 9 ! new art4 ,p]haps ! cause ( 8 impressions be+ less p]fect ?an o!rs1 arose f 8 ignorance ( ! me?od ( pr9t+ ^u a s+le page1 bo? ! plates & ! *>act]s2 z well z f ! want ( ! press1 & t improv$ plan d]iv$ f ! (fice ( ! ,g]man pr9t]s4 ,b f :atev] cause1 x is c]ta91 t our engrav]s long cont9u$ to lab\r "u ?is imp]fection 9 ! art1 z ,i h already rec\nt$4 ,9 ! "t ( ,m>c ,antonio1 :o rose into notice soon aft] ! ye> #aejj1 ! art1 9 its p]fect /ate1 _h be5 introduc$ into ,italy1 insomu* t he 0 enabl$ to rival ,alb]t ,dur] & ,luca d',oll&a1 equall+ !m 9 ! me*anism ( ! art1 & surpass+ !m 9 po9t ( design4 ,x is f ?is triumvirate ( g5ius t ! m f9i%$ age ( engrav+ takes its date2 & ne>ly at ! same p]iod we behold ! mo/ improv$ era 9 ! art ( pa9t+4 ,! completion ( ! new art soon diffus$ good models ( design ?r\gh e s*ool1 :i* l$ ! way to ! new epo*4 ,foll[+ ! /eps ( ,dur]1 ! imitators ( nature le>n$ to design m correctly2 :ile !y compos$1 if n ) mu* ta/e1 at lea/ ) great v>iety & f]tility1 examples ( :i* appe> 9 ! ,v5etian arti/s ( ! "t4 ,o!rs ( a m /udi$ "*1 =m$ ^u ! model ( ,raffaello & ( ! be/ ,italian ma/]s1 exhibit$ by ,m>c ,antonio1 appli$ ) m dilig5ce to compose ) ord]1 & to atta9 elegance ( design2 z we %all fur!r see 9 ! progress ( ?is ,hi/ory ( ,pa9t+1 :i* aft] su* necess>y int]ruption1 we prep>e once m to resume4 ,footnote #hd3 ,see ,b>on d',he9ek5's ,idee g5]ale d'une ,collection1 c4 p4 #bci4 ,see likewise ! same "w1 p4 #aej1 9 ord] to give u a prop] di/ru/ ( ! "w ( ,papillon4 ,sig4 ,hub] agrees ) ,he9ek53 see 8 ,manuel1 c4 p4 #ce4 ,footnote #he3 ,/oria ,lett]1 tom4 vi4 p1 #aaid4 ,footnote #hf3 ,muratori1 ,r]um ,ital4 ,scriptores1 vol4 xx4 ,vita ,phil4 ,m4 ,visconti1 *ap4 lxi4 ,footnote #hg3 ,lett]e ,pittori*e1 tom4 v4 p4 #cba4 ,footnote #hh3 ,vide ante1 p4 #df4 ,footnote #hi3 ,9 ! anci5t mona/]y ( ,c]tosa1 at ,buxheim1 !re rema9s a figure ( ,s4 ,cri/(oro 9 ! act ( pass+ ! riv]1 ) ,jesus ^u 8 %\ld]s2 & !re is add$ t ( a h]mit light+ ! way ) a lant]n 9 8 h&4 ,x be>s ! date #adbc4 ,a numb] ( o!r dev\t images are se5 9 ! celebrat$ libr>y at ,wolf5buttel1 & o!rs 9 ,g]many1 /amp$ ^u wood 9 a mann] simil> to t ( play+-c>ds4 ,hub]1 ,manuel1 tom4 i4 p4 #hf4 ,footnote #ij3 ,see ,maffei1 ,v]ona ,illu/rata1 ,"p iii4 col4 #aie1 & ,"p ii4 col4 #fh1 #gf4 ,footnote #ia3 ,!re 0 collect$ = ! ducal gall]y 9 #ahja1 a silv] pace t _h be5 made = ! company ( ,s4 ,paolo1 & sold ^u ! suppression ( t pi\s f\ndation4 ,x repres5ts ! sa9t's conv]sion1 ) _m tol]ably execut$ figures1 f an unkn[n h&1 ?\gh less old & valuable ?an t ( ,maso4 ,he _h ornam5t$ x ) niello2 b 9 ord] to asc]ta9 ! workman%ip1 x 0 tak5 to pieces "s ye>s s9ce1 & ! plate exam9$ 9 ! /ate x came f "u ! tools ( ! silv]smi?4 ,! cuts 7 f\nd n at all deep1 resembl+ ^? ( our engrav]s ^u %eets ( copp]1 ^u ! model ( :i* ! silv] plate1 be+ provid$ ) ! ink1 0 put into ! press1 & f x 7 tak5 z _m1 p]haps1 z tw5ty f9e pro(s4 ,"o ( ^! is 9 ! collection ( ! ,s5ator ,bali ,m>telli2 & ^u ?is a =eign connoisseur wrote t x 0 ! "w ( ,doni1 ,i "k n on :at au?ority1 unless1 f an error ( memory1 ! "n ,doni 0 ins]t$ in/ead ( ,dei4 ,footnote #ib3 ,ambrogio ,leone m5tions bo?1 ,de ,nobilitate r]um1 cap4 #da1 & he p>ticul>ly praises1 = 8 skill 9 work+ niello1 ! second1 :o is s little kn[n 9 ! hi/ory ( ! arts4 ,see ,morelli1 ,notizia1 p4 #bjd4 ,footnote #ic3 ,vas>i1 :o is difficult to und]/&1 at lea/ by _m1 on acc\nt ( 8 brevity1 t\*es ^u ! diff]5t processes us$ by ,maso1 :i* are ^!3 ,:5 he _h cut ! plate1 he next proce$$ to take a pr9t ( x1 be=e he inlaid x ) niello1 ^u v f9e e>?2 & f ! cut be+ to ! "r h&1 & holl[1 ! pro( consequ5tly came out on ! left1 %ew+ ! little e>!n ca/ 9 relief4 ,^u ?is la/ he ?rew ! liquid sulphur1 f :i* he obta9$ a second pro(1 :i*1 ( c\rse1 appe>$ to ! "r1 & took f ! relief a holl[ =m4 ,he !n laid ! ink 7lamp black or pr9t]'s ink7 ^u ! sulphur1 9 su* a way z to fill up ! holl[s on ! m ind5t$ cuts1 int5d$ to produce ! %ad[2 & next1 by degrees1 he scrap$ away f ! gr\nd 7( ! sulphur7 :at 0 meant to produce ! light4 ,& ?is is also ! plan pursu$ 9 engrav+ on copp]4 ,! f9al "w 0 to poli% x ) oil1 9 ord] to give ! sulphur ! bright appe>ance ( silv]4 ,footnote #id3 ,!y are to be se5 9 a little portable alt>2 & are mo/ probably ! pro(s ( "s niello work] ( ! "t2 :o _h execut$ ^? hi/ories 9 silv] to ornam5t "s simil> little alt>1 or ! place 9 :i* sacr$ relics 7 laid4 ,be=e introduc+ ! niello1 he _h ca/ pro(s ( 8 "w 9 ^! zolfi 7sulphurs71 :i* 7 subsequ5tly inlaid ) great symmetry & ta/e 9 ! alt>-piece4 ,!y consi/ ( v>i\s =ms & sizes1 & are adapt$ to ! ar*itecture ( ! little alt>1 & to its v>i\s p>ts4 ,_m ( !m h n[ p]i%$1 ?\gh sev]al are yet 9 exi/5ce1 ! smalle/ ( :i* *iefly repres5t hi/ories f scripture1 & ! l>ge/ ( !m ! acts ( ! ,evangeli/s1 to ! numb] ( f\rte51 & ab\t "o-six? ( a braccio 7an arm1 two-?irds ( a y>d7 9 height4 ,footnote #ie3 ,pace1 a sort ( sacr$ vessel borne 9 procession by ! prie/s2 lit]ally1 x means peace4 ,footnote #if3 ,9 ?is edition ,i ought to m5tion ano!r zolfo 7a sulphur ca/7 ( ! same pace ( ,s4 ,giovanni1 9 possession ( 8 excell5cy ! ,s5ator ,prior ,s]atti4 ,?is1 :5 comp>$ ) ! model1 corresponds l9e = l9e2 !re is a full display ( ! v difficult "* ( ,maso's heads1 & :at is /ill m decisive1 is1 t x is cut1 or ind5t$1 an effect t mu/ h be5 produc$ accord+ to ! mann] already describ$4 ,! zolfo ,durazzo1 z appe>s f ! impression1 does n correspond s well2 "s ( ! fl[]s & ornam5ts ( drap]y are want+2 x is n equally f9i%$1 & x seems smoo? on ! surface4 ,?is does n d]ogate f its g5u95ess1 = z sev]al pro(s 7 tak5 ( ! same pace1 :i* 0 cut by degrees1 if we f9d less complet5ess 9 ! ,durazzo pro(1 x is only an indication ( its hav+ be5 tak5 be=e ! re/4 ,& if ! impressions ( ! cuts are n s pla9ly trac$ z 9 ! o!r1 ,i d n1 !re=e1 conjecture t !y d n exi/4 ,! zolfi ( ! fa!rs ( ,camaldoli already cit$1 seem z if !y 7 pr9t$1 & smoo?4 ,a fragm5t break+ (f1 highly poli%$ on ! surface1 ! cuts 7 !n discov]$1 ev5 to ! m9ute/ l9es1 z _m pr(essors1 ev5 ! mo/ exp]i5c$ 9 ! art ( pr9t+1 to _! surprise1 h witness$2 & !y conjectur$ t ! ocul> illusion might arise1 #a/1 f ! f95ess ( cut made ) ! /yle1 or possibly ) ! grav]1 :i* 0 dim9i%$ 9 proportion z x pass$ f ! %eet to ! e>!n m\ld1 & f ?is to ! zolfo2 #b;d1 f ! d5sity ( ! ink1 :5 h>d5$ betwe5 ! cuts or holl[s ( ! zolfo2 #c;d1 f a coat ( blui% col\r laid on ! "w1 ( :i* !re rema9 traces1 & f t :i* "t produces bo? 9 pa9t+s & on c>ds4 ,i h n a d\bt1 t1 if ! exp]im5t 7 tri$ on ! ,durazzo zolfo1 ! result w\ld appe> exactly ! same4 ,! extr9sic pro(s ( its orig91 also adduc$ by ,gori1 toge!r ) ! aspect ( ! monum5t1 :i* is fre% 9 my memory1 d n au?orize me to suspect ! exi/5ce ( a fraud4 ,footnote #ig3 ,*ri/ 9 ! mang]4 ,footnote #ih3 ,he9ek5 gives a g5]al nom5clature ( ! works ( ^! silv] c>v]s4 ,idee1 c4 p4 #bag4 ,footnote #ii3 ,i mu/ rem>k1 t "s copp] ( ! e>lie/ age may h be5 pres]v$ & made use ( aft] ! introduction ( felt & ( ! press4 ,9 ?is case !re w rema9 no impression ( ! l95 clo?1 b ! pr9t w be poor & fa9t4 ,footnote #ajj3 ,9 ! pr9ts ( ,dante1 & o!r ,flor5t9e books1 a yell[i% col\r prevails2 & we may obs]ve /a9s ( oil & blots at ! extremities4 ,a pale a% col\r 0 also us$ = wood pr9ts by ! ,g]mans1 & ,me]man rem>ks t x 0 employ$ to c\nt]feit ! col\r ( designs4 ,footnote #aja3 ,see ,lett]e ,pittori*e1 tom4 ii4 p4 #bfh4 ,footnote #ajb3 ,ibid4 p4 #bfi4 ,i %\ld add1 t ! tw5ty o!rs are n[ kn[n1 obta9$ = ! ,ricc>di libr>y at ,flor5ce4 ,footnote #ajc3 ,lett]e ,pittori*e1 tom4 ii4 p4 #bfg4 ,x is asc]ta9$ t ,maso fl\ri%$ less rec5tly2 & ! ,dante pr9ts1 inf]ior to ^? ( ,botticelli1 7 ascrib$ to him only on acc\nt ( _! co>s5ess1 z we ga!r f ,gaburri4 ,footnote #ajd3 ,x is d5i$ t he 0 ! inv5tor ( ?is mode ( engrav+ by _m le>n$ ,g]mans1 :o give ! m]it ( x to ,wolgemu?4 ,me]man1 ,l4 ,c4 p4 #bef4 ,footnote #aje3 ,notes to ,bald9ucci1 tom4 iv4 p4 #b4 ,footnote #ajf3 ,x 0 obs]v$1 at p4 #aae1 t ! ,epiphany ( ,maso is ant]ior to ! "w ( ! ,assumption4 ,! progress f ! m9ute & c>eful1 to ! free & great /yle1 is v gradual4 ,! pres5t "w conta9s _m examples ( ?is1 ev5 9 ! l(tie/ g5iuses1 9 ,coreggio1 & 9 ,raffaello himself4 ,footnote #ajg3 ,a sample ( 8 ignorance appe>s 9 :at he wrote ( ,demone2 n well und]/&+ ,pl9y1 he did n believe ,demone to be ! fabul\s g5ius ( ,a!ns2 b set him d[n z a pa9t] ( mortal fle% & blood1 & gave 8 portrait ) ^? ( ,zeuxis1 ,apelles1 & o!r anci5t pa9t]s4 ,footnote #ajh3 ,orig9es ,typographicae1 tom4 i4 p4 #bed4 ,footnote #aji3 ,idee ,g5]ale d'une ,collection ,complete d',e/ampes1 pp4 #bbd1 #aaf1 :]e he gives 8 op9ion on ,s&r>t's "w4 ,see also ,dictionnaire des ,arti/es1 vol4 ii4 p4 #cca4 ,footnote #aaj3 ,he says t 8 ciph] 0 ,m4 ,c4 :i* ,p4 ,orl&i reads ,m>t9us de ,clef1 or ,cliv5sis ,augu/anus4 ,b he 0 n f ,anv]sa2 b 01 accord+ to ,me]man1 ,calembaco-,suevus ,colm>iae1 :5ce we may expla9 ! ciph] to mean ,m>t9us ,colm>i5sis4 ,9 _m ( 8 pr9ts x is ,m4 ,s4 ,footnote #aaa3 ,call$ by ,lomazzo ,israel ,metro ,t$esco1 pa9t] & inv5tor ( ! art ( engrav+ c>ds 9 copp]1 ma/] ( ,bonm>t9o1 9 :i* ,i ?9k we ought r to foll[ ! le>n$ natives already cit$1 ?an our own c\ntryman4 ,footnote #aab3 ,diction4 des ,monogram4 p4 #fg4 ,footnote #aac3 ,see ,tirabos*i1 #a/4 ,lett4 tom4 vi4 p4 #aai4 ,footnote #aad3 ,! pr9ts ( ,s*o51 ev5 su* z repres5t works 9 gold & silv]1 are execut$ ) admirable k & delicacy4 ,hub]1 tom4 i4 p4 #ia4 ,footnote #aae3 ,! ,flor5t9e m]*ants1 dur+ ! f\rte5? & fifte5? c5turies1 especially su* z advanc$ money ^u int]e/1 ab\nd$ 9 ,g]many2 insomu* t "p ( a t[n 0 call$ ,borgo ,fior5t9o4 ,?is ,i le>n f ,dottore ,g5n>i1 a ,paduan g5tleman1 n long s9ce lo/ to ! republic ( lett]s4 ,! numb] ( ,g]man ,pr9ces :o co9$ money 9 ,flor5ce1 may be ga!r$ f ! "w ( ,ors9i1 & o!r writ]s1 ^u our mod]n co9age4 ,footnote #aaf3 ,! direction giv5 by ! ,ab4 ,zani = simil> specim5s is ?is3 ,! engrav+s ( ! ,v5etian s*ool1 g5]ally speak+1 are ( a delicate1 s(t1 & full design2 ! figures are l>ge1 few1 & v beautiful 9 ! extremities4 ,^? ( ! ,flor5t9es are engrav$ 9 a /rong] mann]1 & are less s(t & r\nd2 sometimes ev5 h>%2 ! figures are small1 pretty num]\s1 ) ! extremities less highly f9i%$4 ,mat]iali1 p4 #eg4 ,footnote #aag3 ,cell9i1 9 8 preface to 8 ,treatise ^u ! art ( work+ 9 gold1 ass]ts t ,maso himself copi$ f ! designs ( ,pollaiuolo1 :i* has be5 completely refut$ by ! ,ab4 ,zani4 ,mat]iali1 p4 #dj4 ,footnote #aah3 ,boccaccio1 ,decam]one1 ,giorn4 vi4 ,nov4 #f4 ,footnote #aai3 ,see ,taia1 ,description ( ! ,vatican ,palace1 p4 #djd4 ,footnote #abj3 ,=ty ( ^! ,i f9d cit$1 & ,i am in=m$ ( "s o!rs n yet edit$4 ,! ,ab4 ,zani 7p4 #adb7 assures u t ! g5u9e impressions :i* are n[ ackn[l$g$ to be f ! h& ( ,mantegna1 d n am\nt to tw5ty2 & ne>ly all ( !m are execut$ ) few figures4 ,su* an ass]tion appe>s no less s+ul> to me ?an to o!rs on ^: judgm5t ,i c\ld rely1 :om ,i h consult$4 ,h[ c we admit its accuracy1 :5 confront$ ) ! acc\nt ( ,mantegna's fell[ citiz5 & contempor>y ,sc>deone1 :o collect$ 8 works1 & :o expressly decl>es1 z cit$ by ! ,ab4 ,zani1 t ,mantegna engrav$ ,roman triumphs1 ,bac*analian fe/ivals1 & m>9e deities3 also ! desc5t ( ,*ri/ f ! cross1 & ! burial1 engrav+s exhibit+ a v>iety ( figures1 & 9 numb] m ?an a doz54 ,aft] ?is enum]ation ! hi/orian adds1 et alia p]multa1 & _m o!rs4 ,to confute ?is excell5t te/imony1 ! ,ab4 ,zani ref]s only to ! words ( ! same ,sc>deone1 :o ?us cont9ues3 ,^? plates are possess$ by few1 & held 9 ! highe/ e/eem2 n9e ( !m1 h[ev]1 belong to me1 all ( !m diff]5t4 ,?is writ] !re=e1 9 spite ( 8 expression et alia p]multa1 confesses t he _h only n9e specim5s f ! h& ( 8 fell[ citiz54 ,yes1 ,i reply1 he confesses 8 scanty portion1 b admits ! sup]ior numb] t exi/s 9 v>i\s cab9ets1 & :at reason h we = believ+ ! fir/ ass]tion & n ! second8 ,= my "p1 ,i give cr$it to ! hi/orian2 & if any "o d\bt1 f a div]sity ( /yle betwe5 ! plates1 t !re is any exagg]ation 9 8 /atem5t1 ,i %\ld n h5ce conclude t !y are f diff]5t h&s1 b execut$ by ! same h&1 ! works ( ! arti/'s e>ly life be+ inf]ior to 8 la/4 ,= :at arti/ ev] devot$ himself to a new bran*1 & did n contrive to cultivate & improve x8 ,x is suffici5t t ! ta/e be n :olly opposite4 ,footnote #aba3 ,panz]1 ,ann4 ,typogr4 tom4 ii4 p4 #d4 ,footnote #abb3 ,! ,catalogue ( ! ,libr]ia ,heidegg]iana is cit$ z ! fir/ s\rce2 b aft] fre% rese>*1 no?+ c]ta9 has be5 discov]$4 ,volta conjectures t ?is edition de ,v55is 0 n a sep>ate book1 b a "p ( ! ,conciliatore ( ,pietro d',abano1 pr9t$ 9 folio at ,mantua1 #adgb4 ,footnote #abc3 ,?is spl5did copy has be5 transf]r$ f ! ,biblioteca ,fosc>9i1 into ! *oice selection ( old pr9ts & books illu/rat$ by ! ,ab4 ,mauro ,boni4 ,footnote #abd3 ,see de ,bure1 ,bibliographie ,in/ructive1 ,hi/oire1 tom4 i4 p4 #cb4 ,f ! t5or ( ?is op9ion1 :i* ,i %all n exam9e1 we are au?oriz$ 9 add+ to ! inscription1 ,,anno ,,mcccclxii ano!r ,x1 omitt$ by inadv]t5cy1 if n purposely2 in/ances ( :i* are to be f\nd 9 ! dates ( books belong+ to ! fifte5? c5tury4 ,9 #adgb1 ,b]oaldo 0 already a great s*ol>1 & 9 #gc he op5$ 8 academy4 ,footnote #abe3 ,?is little "w1 ^: title w be f\nd 9 ! second ,index1 is n[ publi%$1 & has be5 well receiv$ by s*ol>s on acc\nt ( its le>n+ & bibliographical rese>*4 ,! au?or approves ! supposition t we ought to read #adgb4 ,we wi% him leisure to produce m su* works z ?is1 :i*1 l ^? ( ,manuzi1 at once comb9e ! "* ( ! elegant typograph] & ! erudite s*ol>4 ,footnote #abf3 ,maffei1 ,v]ona ,illu/rata1 p4 ii4 col4 #aah4 ,footnote #abg3 ,t is1 9 ,rome1 :]e he also taught ! art ( pr9t+ books1 z we are in=m$ 9 ! same preface4 ,?is la/ is :olly devot$ to ,roman matt]s1 & x w\ld be va9 to look 9 x = ! g5]al hi/ory ( typography & engrav+ 9 ,italy4 ,x appe>s !n1 t ,sweyneym in/ruct$ ! arti/s ( ,rome 9 ! be/ mann] ( pr9t+ f copp] plates ) ! press2 ?\gh o!rs may h taught ! art ( pr9t+ !m m rudely & 9 s(t] metal at ,bologna4 ,,flor5t9e ,,s*ool4 ,,epo* ,,ii4 ,v9ci1 ,bon>ruoti1 & o!r celebrat$ arti/s1 =m ! mo/ fl\ri%+ era ( ?is ,s*ool4 ,nations h _! virtues & _! vices2 & x is ! duty ( ! hi/orian to give !m cr$it = ! "o1 & to confess ! o!r4 ,?us x is ) ! ,s*ools ( ,pa9t+2 no "o ( :i* is s p]fect z to leave u no?+ m to desire2 no "o s faulty t x has n mu* 9 x to comm5d4 ,! ,flor5t9e s*ool 7,i d n speak ( its greate/ ma/]s1 b ( ! g5]al practice ( ! o!rs7 _h no great m]it 9 col\r+1 f :i* ,m5gs 0 induc$ to d5om9ate x a melan*oly s*ool2 nor did x excel 9 its drap]y1 f :i* arose ! say+1 t ! drap]y ( figures appe>$ to be fa%ion$ ) economy 9 ,flor5ce4 ,x did n %9e 9 p[] ( relief1 a /udy n g5]ally cultivat$ till ! la/ c5tury1 nor did x exhibit mu* beauty1 because1 long de/itute ( f9e ,grecian /atues1 ,flor5ce 0 late 9 possess+ ! ,v5us3 & only ?r\gh ! att5tion ( ! ,gr& ,duke ,leopold1 has be5 enri*$ by ! ,apollo1 ! gr\p ( ,niobe1 & o!r *oice specim5s4 ,f ^! circum/ances ?is s*ool aim$ only at a fidelity ( repres5tation t resembles ! works ( ^? :o copi$ exactly f nature1 & 9 g5]al made a judici\s selection ( its objects4 ,x c\ld n boa/ ( sup]ior gr\p+ 9 ! composition ( a picture1 & x 0 m incl9$ to erase a sup]flu\s figure1 ?an to add "o unnecess>ily to ! re/4 ,9 grace1 9 design1 & 9 hi/oric accuracy1 x excels mo/ o!r s*ools2 *iefly result+ f ! great le>n+ t always adorn$ ?is city1 & inv>iably gave a bias to ! erudition ( h] arti/s4 ,design =ms ! peculi> excell5ce ( ?is s*ool1 & its h]$it>y patrimony1 to :i* ! national *>act]i/ic ( m9ute correctness has greatly contribut$2 & x may ju/ly be obs]v$1 t ?is p has excell$ o!rs no less 9 ! symmetrical del9eation ( ! figure1 ?an 9 purity ( idiom4 ,x may also boa/ ( hav+ produc$ a great _m excell5t pa9t]s 9 fresco2 an art s sup]ior to t ( pa9t+ 9 oil1 t ,bon>ruoti look$ on ! latt] z m]e sport1 :5 comp>$ ) ! =m]1 z x necess>ily requires great dext]ity1 & ! tal5t ( execut+ well & ) rapidity1 v difficult atta9m5ts 9 any pr(ession4 ,?is s*ool _h b few engrav]s on copp]1 f :i* circum/ance1 ?\gh ab\nd+ 9 hi/orians1#abh & ri* 9 pa9t+s1 x has n a suffici5t numb] ( pr9ts to make x kn[n 9 proportion to its m]it2 a defect :i* ! ,etruria ,pittrice has 9 "s measure suppli$4 ,f9ally1 ! read] may indulge 9 ?is v j reflection1 t ! ,flor5t9e s*ool fir/ taught ! me?od ( proce$+ sci5tifically1 & accord+ to g5]al rules4 ,"s o!r s*ools h orig9at$ 9 an att5tive consid]ation ( natural effects2 by me*anically imitat+1 if we may be all[$ ! expression1 ! ext]nal appe>ances ( objects4 ,b ,v9ci & ,bon>ruoti1 ! two great lum9>ies ( ?is s*ool1 l true philosoph]s po9t$ out ! immutable objects & e/abli%$ laws ( nature1 !nce d$uc+ rules :i* _! successors1 bo? at home & abroad1 h foll[$ ) great b5efit to ! art4 ,! =m] has left a ,treatise on ,pa9t+1 & ! public 7 induc$ to look = ! publication ( ! precepts ( ! latt]1 :i* h h[ev] nev] yet be5 produc$2#abi & we obta9 "s idea ( 8 maxims only f ,vas>i1 & o!r writ]s4 ,ab\t ?is "t also fl\ri%$ ,fra ,b>tolommeo1 ,&rea del ,s>to1 ,rosso1 ! "y ,ghirl&aio1 & o!r arti/s1 :om we %all "n 9 ! sequel ( ?is gr& epo*1 :i* un=tunately 0 ( %ort duration4 ,t[>ds ! middle ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 :5 ,mi*elangiolo1 :o surviv$ ! o!r great arti/s1 0 /ill liv+1 a less auspici\s era began2 b we mu/ proce$ ) ?is epo*4 ,lion>do da ,v9ci1 s call$ f a ca/le 9 l[] ,vald>no1 0 ! natural son ( "o ,pietro1 not>y to ! ,flor5t9e republic1 & 0 born 9 #adeb4acj ,he 0 end[$ by nature ) a g5ius uncommonly elevat$ & p5etrat+1 eag] aft] discov]y1 & dilig5t 9 ! pursuit2 n only 9 :at relat$ to ! ?ree arts dep5dant on design1 b 9 ma!matics1 9 me*anics1 9 hydro/atics1 9 music1 9 poetry1 & also 9 ! accompli%m5ts ( horseman%ip1 f5c+1 & danc+4 ,he 0 s p]fect 9 all ^!1 t :5 he p]=m$ any "o1 ! behold] 0 ready to imag9e t x mu/ h be5 8 sole /udy4 ,to su* vig\r ( intellect he jo9$ an elegance ( features & ( mann]s1 t grac$ ! virtues ( 8 m9d4 ,he 0 affable ) /rang]s1 ) citiz5s1 ) private individuals1 & ) pr9ces1 among :om he long liv$ on a foot+ ( famili>ity & fri5d%ip4 ,on ?is acc\nt1 says ,vas>i1 x co/ him no ef=t always to behave & to live l a man ( high bir?4 ,v]roc*io taught him pa9t+2 & z we h said1 :ile /ill a y\?1 he surpass$ 8 ma/]4 ,he reta9$ traces ( 8 e>ly education ?r\gh 8 :ole life4 ,l ,v]roc*io1 he design$ m readily ?an he pa9t$2 he assidu\sly cultivat$ ma!matics2 9 8 design & 9 8 c\nt5ances1 he priz$ elegance & vivacity ( expression1 m ?an dignity & fulness ( cont\r2 he 0 v c>eful 9 draw+ 8 horses1 & 9 repres5t+ ! skirmi%es ( soldi]s2 & 0 m solicit\s to improve ! art ?an to multiply 8 pictures4 ,he 0 an excell5t /atu>y1 z is demon/rat$ by 8 ,s4 ,tommaso 9 ,orsanmi*ele at ,flor5ce1 & by ! horse 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,john & ,s4 ,paul at ,v5ice4 ,v9ci n only modell$ 9 a sup]ior mann] ! ?ree /atues ca/ 9 bronze by ,ru/ici1 = ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,john at ,flor5ce1 & ! colossal horse at ,milan1 b assi/$ by ?is art1 he gave t p]fect relief & r\ndness1 9 :i* pa9t+ 0 !n want+4 ,he likewise imp>t$ to x symmetry1 grace1 & _s2 & ^! & 8 o!r m]its gave him ! title ( ! fa!r ( mod]n pa9t+1#aca ?\gh "s ( 8 works1 z 0 obs]v$ by ,m>iette1 p>ticipate1 9 "s degree1 9 ! meanness ( ! old s*ool4 ,he _h two /yles1 ! "o ab\nd$ 9 %ad[1 :i* gives admirable brilliancy to ! contra/+ lights2 ! o!r 0 m quiet1 & manag$ by means ( middle t9ts4 ,9 ea* /yle1 ! grace ( 8 design1 ! expression ( ! m5tal affections1 & ! delicacy ( 8 p5cil1 are unrivall$4 ,e ?+ is lively 9 8 pa9t+s1 ! =egr\nd1 ! l&scape1 ! adv5titi\s ornam5ts ( necklaces1 fl[]s1 & ar*itecture2 b ?is gaiety is m app>5t 9 ! heads4 ,9 ^! he purposely repeats ! same idea1 & gives !m a smile :i* delights ! m9d ( a spectator4 ,he did n1 h[ev]1 consid] 8 pictures z complete1 b f a s+ul> timidity1#acb (t5 left !m imp]fect1 z ,i %all m fully /ate "u ! ,milanese s*ool4 ,!re he w appe> ) ! dignity ( a consummate ma/]1 & a portion ( 8 fame mu/ at pres5t suffice = 8 native s*ool4 ,! life ( ,lion>do may be divid$ into f\r p]iods1 ! fir/ ( :i* includes ! "t he rema9$ at ,flor5ce1 :ile /ill a "y man4 ,to ?is era may be ref]r$1 n only ! ,m$usa ( ! royal gall]y1 & ! few pieces m5tion$ by ,vas>i2 b "s o!rs also1 less p[]ful 9 ! %ad[s1 & less div]sifi$ 9 ! folds ( ! drap]y1 & :i* pres5t "s heads m delicate ?an select1 & app>5tly d]iv$ f ! s*ool ( ,v]roc*io4 ,su* is ! ,magdal5 ( ! ,pitti palace at ,flor5ce1 & t ( ! ,aldobr&9i palace at ,rome2 "s ,madonnas & ,holy ,families :i* are 9 sev]al collections1 z 9 ! ,giu/9iani & ,borghese gall]ies2 & "s heads ( ! ,r$eem] & ( ! ,bapti/1 :i* are to be se5 9 v>i\s places2 al?\gh x is (t5 reasonable to susp5d our judgm5t 9 reg>d to ! g5u95ess ( su* pieces1 on acc\nt ( ! great numb] ( ,lion>do's imitators4 ,! *ild1 laid 9 a b$ ri*ly ornam5t$1 envelop$ 9 its clo!s1 & adorn$ ) a necklace1 :i* is 9 ! h\se ( 8 excell5cy ! ,gonfaloni]e ( ,bologna1 is ( a diff]5t class1 & ( und\bt$ orig9ality4 ,aft] ?is fir/ p]iod1 ,lion>do 0 br\ght to ,milan by ,lodovico ,s=za1 :om he highly gratifi$ by 8 p]=mance on ! lyre2 a curi\s & new in/rum5t1 almo/ entirely ( silv]1 :i* ,lion>do c>ri$ ) him1 & _h con/ruct$ ) 8 own h&s4 ,all ! musicians !re assembl$ 7 vanqui%$1 & ! :ole city be+ /ruck ) admiration ( 8 extemporane\s poetry1 & 8 eloqu5ce1 he 0 reta9$ by ! pr9ce1 & rema9$ !re till #adii1 engag$ 9 ab/ruse /udies1 & 9 me*anical & hydro/atical lab\rs = ! s]vice ( ! /ate4 ,dur+ ?is "t he pa9t$ little1 except ! celebrat$ ,la/ ,supp]2 b by sup]9t5d+ an academy ( ! f9e arts1 he left a degree ( ref9em5t 9 ,milan1 :i* 0 s productive ( illu/ri\s pupils1 t ?is p]iod may be reckon$ ! mo/ glori\s era ( 8 life4 ,aft] ! mis=tunes ( ,lodovico ,s=za1 he return$ to ,flor5ce1 :]e hav+ rema9$ ?irte5 ye>s1 he w5t to ,rome at ! "t 8 patron ,leo ,x4 asc5d$ ! papal *air2 b 8 /ay !re 0 %ort4 ,"s ( 8 be/ works at ,flor5ce may be ref]r$ to ?is p]iod2 among :i* numb] we may reckon ! celebrat$ portrait ( ,mona ,lisa1 :i* 0 ! lab\r ( f\r ye>s1 & yet 0 left unf9i%$2 ! ,c>toon ( ,s4 ,anna1 prep>$ = a picture 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,s]vi1 :i* 0 nev] execut$ 9 col\rs2 ! c>toon ( ! battle ( ,niccolo ,picc99o1 int5d$ to dispute ! palm ( excell5ce ) ,mi*elangiolo 9 ! c\ncil *amb] at ,flor5ce1#acc b l ! o!r1 nev] execut$ by ,v9ci1 aft] fail+ 9 an attempt to pa9t x 9 a new me?od 9 oil on ! wall4 ,he probably employ$ ano!r me?od 9 pa9t+ ! ,madonna ) ! *ild 9 h] arms1 9 ! mona/]y ( ,s4 ,on(rio1 ( ,rome1 a picture 9 ! /yle ( ,raffaello1 b :i* is n[ peel+ (f ! walls 9 _m places4 ,!re are "s o!r f9e pieces1 :i* if we may be all[$ to haz>d a conjecture1 might be ) propriety assign$ to ?is p]iod1 9 :i* ,lion>do1 hav+ atta9$ 8 highe/ skill1 & unoccupi$ by o!r pursuits1 pa9t$ 9 8 be/ mann]4 ,su* is ! specim5 t 0 pres]v$ at ,mantua1 b :i* 0 /ol51 & conceal$ dur+ ! sack ( ! city2 aft] _m vicissitudes1 h[ev]1 x 0 sold = a high price to ! imp]ial c\rt ( ,russia4 ,! subject is a ,holy ,family2 9 ! back-gr\nd is se5 a woman ( a v beautiful & maje/ic c\nt5ance /&+ 9 an upright position4 ,x be>s ! ciph] ( ,lion>do1 consi/+ ( a ,d int]lac$ ) an ,l & a ,v1 z x is se5 9 ! picture ( ! ,signori ,sanvitali1 at ,p>ma4 ,! ,consigli]e ,pagave1 :o left a memor&um ( x 9 8 ,,mss4 0 ! fir/ to obs]ve & to recognise x1 ^u its be+ br\ght to ,milan 9 #agge1 :]e x 0 also kept conceal$4 ,! same judici\s critic 9 pa9t+ has conjectur$ t ?is production 0 execut$ 9 ,rome1 = "o ( ! pr9cesses ( ,mantua1 or r = ! si/]-9-law ( ,leo ,x42 inasmu* z x display$ a decid$ emulation ( ,raphael's mann]1 at t "t highly extoll$ 9 ,rome4 ,su* a conjecture might receive support f 8 picture ( a ,madonna1 :i* ornam5ts ,san ,on(rio1 also 9 ! ,raphael mann]2 & 9 ord] t ?is picture1 & t ( ,mantua j m5tion$1 might n be conf\nd$ by po/]ity ) ! works ( ,raffaello1 ,lion>do1 accord+ to ,signor ,pagave1 took c>e to affix ! ciph] ( 8 "n4 ,inde$1 ?is is n at all improbable3 bo? writ]s & pa9t]s are impell$ by _! natural g5ius to adopt a peculi> /yle2 & :oev] w comp>e ! portraits t rema91 expressive ( ! elevat$1 t\*+1 p5etrat+1 & beautiful _s1 incessantly b5t ^u acquir+ some?+ /ill m exquisite 9 art1 :i* inspir$ ^! two prodigies1 w f9d little difficulty 9 believ+ t bo? produc$ works1 :i* ow+ to a simil>ity ( natural ta/e1 selection & admiration ( ! same object1 might be mi/ak5 = specim5s ( ! same h&4 ,( ?is numb] is 8 own portrait1 at an age :i* corresponds ) ?is p]iod1 9 ! ducal gall]y1 a head t surpasses e o!r 9 t room = en]gy ( expression2 also ano!r head1 :i* is 9 a diff]5t cab9et1 & is call$ a portrait ( ,raffaello2 toge!r ) ! half-l5g? figure ( a "y nun s mu* comm5d$ by ,bott>i1 & :i* he po9ts out z "o ( ! greate/ treasures 9 ! spl5did mansion ( ! ,m>*ese ,niccol9i4 ,9 ! same rank we may include ! mu* admir$ specim5s 9 ! possession ( "s ( ! noble families at ,rome2 z ! picture ( ,*ri/ disput+ 9 ! ,temple1 & ! suppos$ portrait ( que5 ,giovanna1 ornam5t$ ) f9e ar*itecture1 9 ! ,doria palace2 ! ,vanity & ,mode/y 9 ! ,b>b]9i palace1 ! t9ts ( :i* no p5cil has be5 able to imitate2 ! ,madonna ( ! ,albani ,palace1 t appe>s to be reque/+ ! lily :i* ! infant ,jesus holds 9 8 h&1 :ile he draws back1 z if unwill+ to "p ) x2 a picture ( exquisite grace1 & pref]r$ by ,m5gs to e o!r pa9t+ conta9$ 9 t f9e collection4 ,x w\ld1 h[ev]1 be presumptu\s to assign a date to e picture ( an arti/ :o became e>ly a di/+ui%$ pa9t]1 & :o frequ5tly discont9u$ a "w be=e x 0 complet$4 ,:5 ?is celebrat$ arti/ _h atta9$ 8 sixty-?ird ye>1 he appe>s to h r5\nc$ ! art = ev]4 ,francis ,i4 :o saw 8 ,la/ ,supp] at ,milan1 ab\t ! ye> #aeae1 attempt$ to saw x f ! wall1 t x might be transport$ to ,france2 & n succe$+ 9 8 project1 0 desir\s ( possess+ ! arti/1 ?\gh n[ an old man4 ,he invit$ ,v9ci to 8 c\rt1 & ! arti/ felt little regret at leav+ ,flor5ce1 :]e1 s9ce 8 return1 he f\nd 9 ! "y ,bon>ruoti a rival t _h already cont5d$ ) him1 & 0 ev5 employ$ 9 pref]5ce to ,v9ci bo? 9 ,flor5ce & 9 ,rome2 because ! =m] gave !m works1 if we may cr$it ,vas>i1 :ile ! latt] amus$ !m ) words4#acd ,x is kn[n t !y _h a qu>rel2 & ,lion>do consult+ 8 repose1 :i* _! emulation embitt]$1 pass$ ov] into ,france1 :]e1 be=e he _h employ$ 8 p5cil1 he expir$ 9 ! arms ( ,francis ,i41 9 ! ye> #aeai4 ,?\gh 8 /yle is highly wor?y ( imitation1 x 0 less foll[$ 9 ,flor5ce ?an 9 ,milan2 nor is ?is surpris+4 ,v9ci left at ,flor5ce no picture 9 public2 he !re taught no pupil2 & x appe>s t he reta9$ ,salai1 :om ,i %all notice among ! ,milanese arti/s1 9 ! /ation ( a dep5dant1 dur+ 8 resid5ce at ,flor5ce4 ,9 ,flor5ce we meet ) pictures 9 ! possession ( private individuals1 t seem ! "w ( ,v9ci2 & sometimes ! deal]s extol !m z 81 gravely add+ t !y co/ a l>ge sum4 ,su* pieces are probably ! productions ( ,salai1 or ( o!r imitators ( ,lion>do1 :o avail$ !mselves ( 8 c>toons1 8 draw+s1 or 8 few pa9t+s4 ,we are in=m$ t ,lor5zo di ,cr$i1 ^: family "n 0 ,sci>pelloni1 made use ( !m m ?an any o!r ,flor5t9e4 ,educat$1 z well z ,v9ci1 9 ! s*ool ( ,v]roc*io1 he foll[$ rules ne>ly simil>2 he 0 pati5t1 & aim$ at ! same object2 b he approa*$ less closely to ! s(tness ( ! mod]ns4 ,he copi$1 ) su* precision1 a picture by ,lion>do1 :i* 0 s5t to ,spa91 t ! copy 0 n di/+ui%able f ! orig9al4 ,private h\ses conta9 _m ( 8 circul> ,holy ,families1 ( :i* ! inv5tion & gracefulness rem9d u ( ,lion>do4 ,i possess "o :i* repres5ts ! ,virg9 sitt+ ) ,*ri/ 9 h] arms1 & at h] side ! "y ,s4 ,john1 to :om %e turns z if to lay hold ( him1 at :i* ! *ild seems timid1 & draws back3 x is 9 a lovely mann]2 b ! /yle is n well suit$ to su* a subject4 ,"s ( ,cr$i's pictures1 :i* ,bott>i did n meet ) 9 public places1 are n[ exhibit$2 z ! ,magdal5 ) ,s4 ,ni*olas & ,s4 ,julian1 adduc$ by ,vas>i z an example ( a picturesque & highly f9i%$ /yle4 ,8 ,*ri/ 9 ! mang] may be also se5 at ,s4 ,*i>a2 & x is "o ( 8 f9e/ pictures1 = ! beauty ( ! faces1 ! vig\r ( expression1 ! f9i% ( ! back-gr\nd1 & ! good col\r+ ( ! :ole4 ,bo? 9 ?is1 & 9 8 o!r orig9al pictures1 we may disc]n "s imitation ( ,v9ci1 & ( ,pietro ,p]ug9o1 ano!r fri5d ( ,cr$i3 he possesses1 h[ev]1 "s orig9ality1 :i* 8 s*ol>1 ,giovanni ,antonio ,sogliani1 successfully imitat$ & improv$4 ,?is arti/ liv$ tw5ty-f\r ye>s ) ,lor5zo2 & 9 imitation ( 8 model 0 cont5t$ to pa9t less ?an 8 contempor>ies1 t he might d x bett]4 ,he likewise attempt$ to imitate ,porta2 b 8 natural disposition l$ him r to foll[ ! simple grace ( 8 in/ructor1 ?an ! sublimity ( ?is ma/]4 ,few ( ?is s*ool c comp>e ) him = ! natural appe>ance he gave ! nak$ z well z ! clo!d figure1 or = ! conception ( h&some1 good-natur$1 sweet1 & graceful features4#ace ,l ,lion>do1 he possess$ ! r>e tal5t ( repres5t+ images ( virtue by ! faces ( 8 sa9ts1 & ( vice by ^? ( 8 wick$ *>act]s4 ,?is is exemplifi$ 9 8 ,ca9 & ,abel1 9 ! ca!dral ( ,pisa1 :]e he has introduc$ a l&scape1 t ( itself w\ld d hon\r to any pa9t]4 ,) equal felicity 9 ! figure & ! back-gr\nd1 he pa9t$ ! crucifixion ( ,s4 ,arcadius1 :i* 0 br\ght f ano!r *ur* to t ( ,s4 ,lor5zo at ,flor5ce1 :]e x /ill rema9s4 ,he ent]$ into competition ) ,p]9o del ,vaga1 ) ,me*]9o1 & ,&rea del ,s>to1 at ,pisa1 :]e he 0 not$ = 8 dilator9ess1 b admir$ = t happy simplicity & elegance :i* he always pres]v$4 ,"s h prais$ a few ( 8 pictures z incl9+ to ! mann] ( ,raffaello1 a comm5dation also be/[$ on ,lu9i1 & o!r foll[]s ( ,lion>do4 ,he _h pupils :o aft]w>ds foll[$ o!r ma/]s3 b a ,zanobi di ,pogg9o1 :o pa9t$ _m pictures = ,flor5ce1 :i* are n[ unkn[n1 appe>s to h _h no o!r ma/]4 ,"o ( ! be/ imitators ( ,v9ci1 almo/ equal to ,lu9i himself1 may be recogniz$ 9 ! sacri/y ( ,s4 ,/eph51 at ,bologna1 9 :i* !re is a ,s4 ,john 9 ! ,des]t1 ) ! inscription ,jul4 ,flor4 ,if ?is be read ,julius ,flor5t9us1 ! arti/ is unkn[n2 b p]haps we %\ld read ,julianus1 & ascribe x to ,bugi>d9i4 ,we are in=m$ by ,vas>i t he 0 at ,bologna1 & t he pa9t$ a ,madonna betwe5 two ,sa9ts1 = ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,francis2 :]e x /ill is1 & approa*es ! /yle ( ,lion>do fully z mu* z any o!r mann]4 ,bo? pictures1 on comp>+ ! /yle1 seem ! "w ( ! same arti/2 & to ?is arti/ also belongs a ,nativity1 9 ! cloi/] ( ! canons ( ,s4 ,salvatore2 & v>i\s pictures t may be f\nd 9 "s private h\ses ) a simil> epigraph4 ,if we embrace ! op9ion ( ,vas>i1 we mu/ consid] ,giuliano z a feeble pa9t]1 b uncommonly c>eful1 & consequ5tly sl[4 ,we %\ld r suppose him ! imitator ( any o!r arti/ ?an ( ,v9ci2 = he is describ$ z ! fell[ /ud5t ( ,bon>ruoti1 ! assi/ant ( ,alb]t9elli1 & ! col\ri/ ( "s works ( ,fra ,b>tolommeo4 ,"o c readily p]ceive t ,vas>i 0 wrong1 z 9 _m o!r in/ances1 9 8 slight e/imation ( ?is arti/1 on :i* acc\nt he has n paid a due att5tion to 8 works or to 8 /yle4 ,he has repres5t$ ?is man z amiable 9 disposition1 z a picture ( cont5t$ pov]ty1 z also an unb\nd$ admir] ( 8 ,madonnas1 & v pr(use 9 8 own comm5dations2 qualities :i* r5d]$ him highly amus+ ev5 to ,mi*elangiolo4 ,int5t on amus+ 8 read] ) ! "* ( ! man1 he has n p]haps suffici5tly rat$ ! m]its ( ! arti/4 ,?is is prov$ by ! little respect ) :i* he m5tions ! m>tyrdom ( ,s4 ,ca!r9e 9 ,s4 ,m>ia ,novella1 :i* ,bott>i has call$ a "w wor?y ( admiration1 n only = ! figures ( ! soldi]s1 :i*1 z ,giuliano f\nd himself unequal to ! p]=mance1 7 outl9$ ) *>coal by ,mi*elangiolo1 & aft]w>ds pa9t$ by ,giuliano2 b = ! o!r p>ts ( ! /ory4 ,! tru? seems to be1 t he _h n mu* inv5tion1 & did n adh]e to "o /yle2 b n[ & !n borr[$ a ?\ght2 z 9 ! ,nativity already notic$1 :]e "o may recognize ! /yle ( ,fra ,b>tolommeo4 ,on consid]+ ea* figure sep>ately1 he appe>s on ! :ole happy 9 8 imitations1 especially 9 ,bologna1 :]e ! ,s4 ,john is held 9 ! highe/ e/eem4 ,9 ,flor5ce he pa9t$ _m ,madonnas & ,holy ,families1 :i*1 ) ! aid ( ! ,bolognese pictures1 may p]haps be recogniz$ z 8 by _! cle>ness1 ! mascul9e & some:at heavy proportions1 & ! m\?s sometimes expressive ( melan*oly2 al?\gh ! subject did n prop]ly call = x4 ,"o ( ^! is to be se5 9 ! collection ( ! noble family ,orl&9i4 ,mi*elangiolo ,bon>ruoti1 ( :om memoirs 7 publi%$ by two ( 8 disciples :ile he 0 /ill liv+1#acf 0 born tw5ty-?ree ye>s aft] ,lion>do da ,v9ci4 ,l him he 0 end[$ ) a ready wit1 & consummate eloqu5ce4 ,8 bon mots rival ^? ( ! ,grecian pa9t]s1 :i* are record$ by ,dati1 & he is ev5 e/eem$ ! mo/ witty & lively ( 8 race4 ,he possess$ n ! poli% & elegance ( ,v9ci1 b 8 g5ius 0 m va/ & d>+4 ,h5ce he atta9$ ! ?ree si/] arts 9 an em95t degree1 & has left specim5s 9 pa9t+1 sculpture1 & ar*itecture1 suffici5t to immortalize ?ree diff]5t arti/s4 ,l ,v9ci he gave pro(s ( tal5t 9 8 boyi% ye>s1 t compell$ 8 ma/] to confess 8 own inf]iority4 ,?is ma/] 0 ,dom5ico ,ghirl&aio1 :o s5t 8 own bro!r ,b5$etto to pa9t 9 ,france1 f jeal\sy ( 8 preem95ce2 &1 p]haps1 fe>+ ! wond]ful p[]s ( ,bon>ruoti1 turn$ 8 att5tion to sculpture4 ,lor5zo ! ,magnific5t1 desir\s ( enc\rag+ ! /atu>y art1 :i* 0 on ! decl9e 9 8 c\ntry1 _h collect$ 9 8 g>d5s1 adjac5t to ! mona/]y ( ,s4 ,m>k1 _m antique m>bles2 & committ+ ! c>e ( !m to ,b]toldo1 a s*ol> ( ,donatello1 he reque/$ ( ,ghirl&aio "s "y man to be !re educat$ z a sculptor2 & ?is arti/ s5t him ,mi*elangiolo4 ,?is transaction 0 dislik$ by 8 fa!r1 ,lodovico1 9 ^: m9d ! art appe>$ degrad+ to 8 high bir?2 b he _h no reason to rep5t x4 ,on obta9+ 8 object1 ,lor5zo n only add$ to ! =tune ( ,lodovico1 b reta9$ ,mi*elangiolo 9 8 h\se1 r z a relation ?an a dep5dant1 plac+ him at ! same table ) 8 own sons1 ) ,poliziano1 & o!r le>n$ m5 :o !n grac$ 8 resid5ce4 ,dur+ ! f\r ye>s t he rema9$ !re he laid ! f\ndation ( all 8 acquirem5ts2 he especially /udi$ poetry1 & ?us 0 enabl$ to rival ,v9ci 9 8 ,sonnets1 & to reli% ,dante1 a b>d ( a sublimity beyond ! rea* ( vulg> s\ls4#acg ,bon>ruoti /udi$ design 9 ! *apel ( ,masaccio1 he copi$ ! antiques 9 ! g>d5 ( ,lor5zo1 & att5d$ to anatomy1 a sci5ce1 to :i* he is said to h d$icat$ twelve ye>s1 ) great injury to 8 heal?1 & :i* det]m9$ 8 /yle1 8 practice1 & 8 glory4#ach ,to ?is /udy he ow$ t /yle f :i* he obta9$ ! "n ( ! ,dante ( ! art4 ,z ?is poet made *oice ( mat]ials v difficult to be r$uc$ to v]se1 & f an ab/ruse subject extract$ ! praise ( sublimity & gr&eur1 9 l mann] ,mi*elangiolo explor$ ! untrodd5 pa? ( design1 & 9 pursu+ x1 display$ p[]s ( execution at once sci5tific & magnific5t4 ,9 8 works1 man assumes t =m :i*1 accord+ to ,qu9tilian1#aci ,zeuxis delight$ to repres5t2 n]v\s1 muscul>1 & robu/3 8 =e%ort5+s1 & 8 attitudes are mo/ d>+2 8 expression full ( vivacity & en]gy4 ,! poet & ! pa9t] h o!r po9ts ( resemblance2 a display ( k1 f :i* ,dante appe>s sometimes to critics1 a declaim] r ?an a poet1 ,bon>ruoti1 an anatomi/ r ?an a pa9t]2 a neglect ( elegance1 f :i* ! fir/ (t51 &1 if we subscribe to ! op9ions ( ! ,c>acci & ( ,m5gs1 ! second sometimes1 deg5]at$ into h>%ness4#adj ,on po9ts l ^!1 :i* dep5d :olly on ta/e1 ,i %all n decide1 b cont5t myself ) w>n+ ! read] t su* comp>isons %\ld n be pu%$ too f>3 = ?is poet1 f 8 desire ( surm\nt+ difficulties 9 conception & v]sification1 has sometimes s deviat$ f ! usual pa?1 t he _c always be propos$ z a model = imitation3 b e design ( ,mi*elangiolo1 e sket*1 z well z 8 m f9i%$ works1 may be reg>d$ z a model 9 art2 if 9 ,dante we trace m>ks ( lab\r1 9 ,mi*elangiolo e ?+ exhibits nature & facility4#ada ,x 0 "o ( 8 obs]vations1 t ! compasses ought to lie 9 ! eyes2 a pr9ciple app>5tly drawn f ,diodorus ,siculus1 :]e he ass]ts t ! ,egyptians _h ! rules ( measurem5t 9 _! h&s2 ! ,greeks 9 _! eyes4#adb ,nor is su* eulogy inapplicable to our arti/2 :o1 :e!r he h&l$ 8 p51 8 *isel1 or a piece ( *>coal1 ev5 9 sport1 /ill display$ infallible skill 9 e "p ( 8 design4 ,bon>ruoti 0 extoll$ to ! skies by ,ario/o = 8 pa9t+1 z well z = 8 sculpture2#adc b ,condivi & o!rs pref] 8 *isel to 8 p5cil2 & he und\bt$ly ex]cis$ x m pr(ess$ly & ) great] reputation4 ,8 ,moses on ! tomb ( ,julius ,,ii4 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,pietro 9 ,v9coli1 8 ,*ri/ 9 ! ,m9]va1 8 ,piety 9 ,s4 ,pietro ,vaticano1 & ! /atues 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,lor5zo at ,flor5ce1 & 9 ! ducal palaces1 mu/ be ackn[l$g$ to be ! f9e/ specim5s ( sculpture1 9 !mselves =m+ s*ools ( ! reviv$ art4 ,i w n extol !m s highly z ,vas>i does ! colossal ,david1 plac$ ne> ! ,palazzo ,vec*io1 :5 he says t x bore away ! palm f e /atue1 mod]n or anci5t1 ei!r ,grecian or ,roman2 nor %all ,i foll[ 8 annotator1 ,bott>i1 9 ^: judgm5t ,bon>ruoti has greatly surpass$ ! ,greeks1 :o are n s successful 9 /atues l>g] ?an ! life4 ,i h he>d compet5t judges rem>k1 t we d an injury to ! ,grecian ma/]s1 n only by pref]r+ any mod]n to !m1 b ev5 by comp>+ !m2 b my p5 ought n to w&] too f> f ! canvass & f col\r+4 ,! few rema9+ draw+s ( ,mi*elangiolo demon/rate h[ little he pa9t$4 ,consci\s ( 8 sup]iority 9 sculpture1 he seems to h dread$ appe>+ z a second or a ?ird-rate pa9t]4 ,! majority ( 8 compositions t h rea*$ our "t1 l ^? ( ,v9ci1 are m]e outl9es2 & !re=e1 ?\gh _m cab9ets are ri* 9 8 draw+s1 none c boa/ ! possession ( 8 pa9t+s4 ,! c>toon ( ! battle ( ,pisa1 prep>$ = a competition ) ,v9ci 9 ! saloon ( ! public palace at ,flor5ce1 is said to h be5 a wond]ful production 9 ?is species ( art4 ,m>iette supposes1 9 ! lett] above quot$1 t ! example ( ,v9ci pav$ ! way = ?is great und]tak+1 :i* he confesses surpass$ ! orig9al4 ,mi*elangiolo did n re/ satisfi$ ) repres5t+ ! ,flor5t9es cas$ 9 arm\r1 & m+l+ ) _! enemies2 b *oos+ ! mom5t ( ! attack ^u _! van1 :ile ba?+ 9 ! riv] ,arno1 he seiz$ ! opportunity ( repres5t+ _m nak$ figures1 z !y ru%$ to arms f ! wat]2 by :i* he 0 enabl$ to introduce a prodigi\s v>iety ( =e%ort5+s1 attitudes ! mo/ en]getic1 9 a ^w1 ! highe/ p]fection ( 8 peculi> excell5ces4 ,cell9i obs]ves 9 ! ?irte5? *apt] ( 8 life1 t :5 ,mi*elangiolo pa9t$ ! *apel ( ,pope ,julius1 he rea*$ n half t dignity2 & ,vas>i adds1 t all ! arti/s :o /udi$ & design$ aft] ?is c>toon1 became em95t2 among ^! he reckons ! be/ ,flor5t9e arti/s ( ! second epo*1 f ! "t ( ,frate1 & to !m he jo9$ ,raffaello d',urb9o4 ,?is is a po9t ( critical disquisition n yet suffici5tly cle>$ up1 ?\gh mu* has be5 writt5 bo? = & aga9/ ! op9ion ( ,vas>i4 ,i am n ( ! numb] ( ^? :o suppose t ! lab\rs ( ,bon>ruoti _h no influ5ce on ! /yle ( ,raffaello1 because x appe>s dissimil>4 ,x w\ld seem to me an act ( inju/ice to ?is div9e g5ius1 to imag9e t pr(it+ z he did by ! f9e/ productions ( ! art1 he neglect$ ^? s\rces ( in=mation4 ,i !re=e firmly believe1 t ,raffaello likewise /udi$ ,mi*elangiolo1 :i* he himself appe>s to ackn[l$ge1 z ,i %all aft]w>ds relate4 ,i _c1 h[ev]1 grant to ,vas>i t he saw ?is c>toon on 8 fir/ %ort visit to ,flor5ce4#add ,?is c>toon has p]i%$1 & report accuses ,baccio ,b&9elli ( te>+ x 9 pieces1 ei!r t o!rs might n d]ive advantage f view+ x1 or because f p>tiality to ,v9ci1 & hatr$ to ,bon>ruoti1 he wi%$ to remove a subject ( comp>ison1 t might exalt ! reputation ( ! latt] above t ( ,lion>do4 ,?is circum/ance is n au!nticat$1 nor are we mu* int]e/$ 9 ! suppos$ crim9al1 :o ?\gh em95t z a design] & a sculptor1 pa9t$ a v few pieces1 t may almo/ all be r$uc$ to an ,ebriety ( ,noah1 & ! ,imprisonm5t ( ! ,fa!rs ( ! ,*ur*4 ,baccio soon r5\nc$ ! p5cil1 & ,mi*elangiolo appe>s to h done ! same1 = he 0 call$ to ,rome by ,julius ,,ii4 z a sculptor1 & :5 ! ,pope1 ab\t #aejh1 ask$ him to pa9t ! ceil+ ( ! *apel1 he decl9$ x1 & wi%$ to transf] ! commission to ,raffaello4 ,he 01 h[ev]1 con/ra9$ to und]take x1 &1 unaccu/om$ to "w 9 fresco1 he invit$ "s ( ! be/ pa9t]s 9 ?is bran* f ,flor5ce1#ade t !y might assi/1 or r t !y might in/ruct him4 ,:5 he _h acquir$ :at he deem$ necess>y1 he effac$ _! lab\rs entirely1 & set ab\t ! "w )\t an assi/ant4 ,:5 ! task 0 ab\t half f9i%$1 he exhibit$ x = a little "t to ! public4 ,he !n appli$ himself to ! o!r "p1 b proce$+ m sl[ly ?an ! impati5ce ( ! pontiff c\ld endure1 he 0 compell$ by ?reats to use quick] despat*1 & )\t assi/ance f9i%$ ! great] "p1 !n incomplete1 9 tw5ty mon?s4 ,i h said t he 0 unaid$1 = su* 0 ! delicacy ( 8 ta/e1 t no arti/ c\ld please him2 & z 9 sculpture1 e pi]c]1 file1 & *isel1 :i* he us$1 0 ! "w ( 8 own h&s1 s 9 pa9t+1 he prep>$ 8 own col\rs1 & did n commit ! mix+ & o!r necess>y manipulations to me*anics or to boys4#adf ,"h may be se5 ^? gr& & f9ely v>i$ figures ( ! ,prophets & ! ,sybils1 ! /yle ( :i* is pron\nc$ by ,lomazzo1 an imp>tial judge1 because an arti/ ( a diff]5t s*ool1 to be ! f9e/ 9 ! _w4#adg ,!re1 inde$1 ! dignity ( ! aspects1 ! solemn maje/y ( ! eyes1 a c]ta9 wild & uncommon ca/+ ( ! drap]y1 & ! attitudes1 :e!r repres5t+ re/ or motion1 ann\nce an ord] ( be+s :o hold conv]se ) ! ,deity1 & ^: m\?s utt] :at he inspires4 ,amid ?is display ( g5ius1 ! figure mo/ admir$ by ,vas>i is t ( ,isaiah1 :o1 absorb$ 9 m$itation1 places 8 "r h& 9 a book1 to d5ote :]e he _h be5 read+2 & ) 8 left elb[ on ! book1 & 8 *eek re/+ on t h&1 he turns r\nd 8 head1 )\t mov+ ! re/ ( 8 body1 on be+ call$ by "o ( ! *ildr5 t are beh9d him2 a figure :i*1 if att5tively /udi$1 might fully tea* ! precepts ( a ma/]4 ,no less sci5ce is display$ 9 8 pictures ( ! ,creation ( ! ,_w1 ( ! ,deluge1 ( ,judi?1 & 9 ! o!r comp>tm5ts ( t va/ ceil+4 ,all is v>i$ & fanciful 9 ! g>m5ts1 ! =e%ort5+s1 & ! attitudes3 all is novel 9 ! composition & ! designs4 ,he t contemplates ! pictures ( ,s&ro & 8 associates on ! walls1 & !n1 rais+ 8 eyes to ! ceil+1 beholds ,mi*elangiolo so>+ l an eagle above !m all1 c h>dly believe t a man1 n ex]cis$ 9 pa9t+1 9 :at may be consid]$ z 8 fir/ essay1 %\ld s ne>ly approa* ! greate/ ma/]s ( antiquity1 & ?us op5 a new c>e] to mod]n arti/s4 ,9 ! succe$+ pontificates1 ,mi*elangiolo1 always occupi$ 9 sculpture & ar*itecture1 almo/ :olly ab&on$ pa9t+1 till he 0 induc$ by ,paul ,,iii4 to resume ! p5cil4 ,clem5t ,,vii4 _h conceiv$ ! design ( employ+ him 9 ! ,si/9e ,*apel on two o!r gr& hi/orical pictures2 ! ,fall ( ! ,angels1 ov] ! gate1 & ! ,la/ ,judgm5t1 9 ! opposite facade1 ov] ! alt>4 ,mi*elangiolo _h compos$ designs = ! ,la/ ,judgm5t1 & ,paul ,,iii4 be+ aw>e ( ?is1 comm&$1 or r entreat$ him1 to comm5ce ! "w2 = he w5t to ! h\se ( ,mi*elangiolo1 accompani$ by t5 ,c>d9als1 an hon\r1 except 9 ?is in/ance1 unkn[n 9 ! annals ( ! art4 ,on ! sugge/ion ( ,f4 ,seba/iano del ,piombo1 he 0 desir\s t ! picture %\ld be pa9t$ 9 oil2 b ?is he c\ld n procure1 = ,mi*elangiolo repli$1 t he w\ld n und]take x except 9 fresco1 & t oil pa9t+ 0 employm5t only fit = wom51 or idl]s ( mean capacity4 ,he caus$ ! plai/] prep>$ by ,frate to be ?r[n d[n1 & sub/itut+ a r\gh-ca/ suit$ to 8 purpose1 he complet$ ! "w 9 eight ye>s1 & exhibit$ x 9 #aeda4 ,if 9 ! ceil+ ( ! *apel he c\ld n fully satisfy himself1 & 0 unable to ret\* x z he wi%$ to d aft] x 0 dry1 9 ?is imm5se pa9t+ he _h an opportunity ( fulfill+ 8 int5tions1 & ( demon/rat+ to ! full ! p[]s ( 8 g5ius4 ,he peopl$ ?is space1 & dispos$ innum]able figures awak5$ by ! s\nd ( ! la/ trumpet2 b&s ( angels & ( devils1 ( elect$ & condemn$ s\ls3 "s ( !m ris+ f ! tomb1 o!rs /&+ on ! e>?2 "s fly+ to ! regions ( bliss1 :ile o!rs are dragg$ d[n to puni%m5t4 ,bott>i obs]ves#adh t !re h be5 "s :o affect$ to depreciate ?is picture1 on comp>+ x ) ! works ( o!r arti/s1 by rem>k+ h[ mu* he might h add$ to ! expression1 to ! col\r+1 or to ! beauty ( ! cont\rs3 b ,lomazzo1 ,felibi51#adi & sev]al o!rs1 h n fail$ on t acc\nt to ackn[l$ge him supreme 9 t peculi> bran* ( ! pr(ession1 at :i* he aim$ 9 all 8 works1 & especially 9 ?is ( 8 ,la/ ,judgm5t4 ,! subject itself appe>$ r creat$ ?an select$ by him4 ,to a g5ius s compreh5sive1 & s skill$ 9 draw+ ! human figure1 no subject c\ld be bett] adapt$ ?an ! ,resurrection2 to an arti/ :o delight$ 9 ! awful1 no /ory m suitable ?an ! day ( sup]nal t]rors4 ,he saw ,raffaello pre-em95t 9 e o!r dep>tm5t ( ! art3 he =esaw t 9 ?is alone c\ld he expect to be triumphant2 &1 p]haps1 he indulg$ ! hope also t po/]ity w\ld adjudge ! palm to him :o excell$ all o!rs 9 ! mo/ ardu\s walk ( art4 ,vas>i1 8 confidant1 & ! p>ticipator ( 8 ?\ghts1 seems to h9t at some?+ ( ?is sort 9 two passages 9 8 ,life ( ,mi*elangiolo4#aej ,he in=ms u1 t apply+ himself to ! human figure1 ! great object ( art1 he neglect$ ! attractions ( col\r+1 all sport+ ( ! p5cil1 & fanta/ic novelty3 & aga91 nei!r l&scapes1 trees1 nor h\ses1 are to be se5 9 x1 & we ev5 look 9 va9 = "s degree ( v>iety & ornam5t1 :i* are nev] attempt$1 probably because he disda9$ to submit 8 t[]+ g5ius to su* objects4 ,i _c suppose 9 ,mi*elangiolo su* arrogance1 nor su* neglig5ce ( 8 own improvem5t 9 an art :i* embraces e object 9 nature1 t he w\ld limit himself to ! nak$ figure1 :i* is a s+le bran*1 & to "o only "*1 8 own sublime & awful mann]4 ,i r imag9e1 t discov]+ 8 /r5g? 9 ?is /yle1 he did n attempt any o!r4 ,!re he proce$$ z 9 8 peculi> prov9ce1 &1 :at "o _c :olly comm5d1 he obs]v$ no limits1 & wi%$ = no control4 ,?is ,la/ ,judgm5t 0 fill$ ) su* a pr(usion ( nudity1 t x 0 9 great dang] ( be+ de/roy$3 f a reg>d to ! dec5cy ( ! sanctu>y1 ,paul ,,iv4 propos$ to :ite-wa% x1 & 0 h>dly appeas$ ) ! correction ( its mo/ gl>+ indelicacies1 by "s drap]y introduc$ "h & !re by ,daniel da ,volt]ra1 on :om ! faceti\s ,romans1 f ?is circum/ance1 conf]r$ ! nick-"n ( ! ,bree*es-mak]4#aea ,o!r corrections h be5 propos$ 9 x by diff]5t critics1 bo? ) reg>d to ! co/ume & ! conception4 ,! arti/ has be5 c5sur$ = conf\nd+ sacr$ ) pr(ane hi/ory2 = introduc+ ! angels ( ,revelation ) ! ,/ygian f]ryman2 ,*ri/ sitt+ 9 judgm5t1 & ,m9os1 :o assigns 8 prop] /ation to ea* ( ! damn$4 ,to ?is pr(anity he add$ satire1 by p\rtray+ 9 ,m9os ! features ( a ma/] ( ! c]emonies1 :o1 9 ! he>+ ( ! ,pope1 _h pron\nc$ ?is picture m suitable = a bagnio ?an a *ur*2#aeb b ,bon>ruoti did n set ! example 9 su* composition4 ,scannelli has express$ a wi% t !re _h be5 great] v>iety 9 ! proportion1 & muscul>ity accord+ to ! div]sity ( age2#aec al?\gh1 by an evid5t ana*ronism1 ?is criticism is attribut$ to ,v9ci1 :o di$ 9 #aeai4 ,albani1 z quot$ by ,malvasia1#aed says1 t _h ,mi*elangiolo contemplat$ ,raffaello1 he might h le>n$ to dispose ! cr[d t surr\nd ! judgm5t-seat ( ,*ri/ 9 a sup]ior mann]2 b "h ,i am unc]ta9 :e!r he blames ! composition or ! p]spective4#aee ,i c discov]1 h[ev]1 an ana*ronism 9 8 imag9+ ! ,la/ ,judgm5t an e>li] "w ?an x really is by _m ye>s2 z if x _h be5 execut$ be=e ,raffaello came to ,rome4 ,i f9d t ,albani r5d]$ ju/ice to ! m]it ( ,mi*elangiolo2 he reckon$ n ?ree great ma/]s 9 pa9t+ only1 z is n[ commonly done2 b he add$ a f\r?1 & ?\ght t ,bon>ruoti surpass$ ,raffaello1 ,tiziano1 & ,coreggio1 9 =m & 9 gr&eur4#aef ,we may "h obs]ve1 t :5 ,mi*elangiolo 0 s incl9$1 he c\ld obta9 di/9ction = ^? end[m5ts 9 :i* ! o!rs excell$4 ,x is a vulg> error to suppose t he _h no idea ( grace & beauty2 ! ,eve ( ! ,si/9e ,*apel turns to ?ank h] mak]1 on h] creation1 ) an attitude s f9e & lovely1 t x w\ld d hon\r to ! s*ool ( ,raffaello4 ,annibale ,c>acci admir$ ?is1 & _m o!r nak$ figures 9 ?is gr& ceil+1 s highly1 t he propos$ !m to himself z models 9 ! art1 & accord+ to ,bellori1#aeg pref]r$ !m to ^? ( ! ,la/ ,judgm5t1 t appe>$ to him too anatomical4 ,9 *i>oscuro ,mi*elangiolo _h n ! skill & delicacy ( ,coreggio2 b ! pa9t+s ( ! ,vatican h a =ce & relief mu* comm5d$ by ,r5fe/he91 an em95t connoisseur1 :o1 on pass+ f ! ,si/9e ,*apel to ! ,f>nesian gall]y1 rem>k$ h[ greatly 9 ?is respect ! ,c>acci !mselves 7 eclips$ by ,bon>ruoti4 ,dolce speaks less fav\rably ( 8 col\r+1#aeh = ?is au?or 0 captivat$ by ,tiziano & ! ,v5etian s*ool3 no "o1 h[ev]1 c d5y t ! col\r+ ( ,mi*elangiolo 9 ?is *apel is admirably adapt$ to ! design1#aei & ! same1 also1 w\ld h be5 ! case ) 8 two pictures 9 ! ,paul9e ,*apel1 ! ,crucifixion ( ,s4 ,pet] & ! ,conv]sion ( ,s4 ,paul1 b !y h su/a9$ great injury f "t4 ,none ( 8 pa9t+s are to be se5 9 public1 except 9 ^? two *apels2 & ^? describ$ z 8 9 collections1 are almo/ all ! works ( o!r h&s4 ,dur+ 8 resid5ce at ,flor5ce he pa9t$ an exquisite ,l$a = ,alphonso1 ,duke ( ,f]r>a1 to :om h[ev] x 0 n sold4 ,mi*elangiolo1 (f5d$ at ! mann] 9 :i* x 0 dem&$ by "o ( ! c\rti]s ( t pr9ce1 refus$ to let him h x3 b made a pres5t ( x to 8 pupil1 ,antonio ,m9i1 :o c>ri$ x to ,france4 ,vas>i describes x z a gr& picture1 pa9t$ 9 di/emp]1 t seem$ z if brea!d on ! canvass2 & ,m>iette affirms1 9 8 notes on ,condivi1 t he saw ! picture 9 a damag$ /ate1 & t x appe>$ z if ,mi*elangiolo _h !re =got 8 usual /yle1 & approa*$ ! tone ( ,tiziano4 ,?is expression incl9es "o to suspect t he is describ+ a copy tak5 9 oil by "s able pa9t]2 especially z ,d',arg5ville in=ms u t ?is pa9t+ 0 burnt 9 ! reign ( ,l\is ,,xiii4 ,x is said !re is also "o ( 8 pictures1 repres5t+ ! ,virg9 & ! ,div9e ,infant1 9 an upright position1 /&+ ne> ! cradle ^u a rock1 a figure drawn ( ! size ( nature1 =m]ly 9 possession ( ! noble h\se ( ,mocci 7,mozzi7 at ,flor5ce2 & aft]w>ds transf]r$ to ! ca!dral ( ,burgos1 :]e x /ill rema9s4#afj ,mi*elangiolo execut$ likewise a circul> ,holy ,family1 ) "s nak$ figures 9 ! di/ance1 = ,agnol ,doni4 ,x is n[ 9 ! tribune ( ! ,flor5t9e gall]y1 9 a high /ate ( pres]vation4 ,x is prais$ by ,ri*>dson & "s o!rs = ! vig\r ( its t9ts1 & is pa9t$ 9 di/emp]4 ,plac$ among ! works ( ! greate/ ma/]s ( e s*ool t vie ) ea* o!r 9 ?is !atre ( art1 x appe>s ! mo/ sci5tific1 b ! lea/ pleas+ picture3 its au?or seems ! mo/ p[]ful design]1 b ! feeble/ col\ri/ among !m all4 ,9 x a]ial p]spective is neglect$1 inasmu* z ! figures are n indi/9ct 9 proportion to _! dim9ution1 a fault n uncommon 9 t age4 ,i _c s readily decide :e!r 8 /yle appe>s 9 c]ta9 pictures t are describ$ z 8 9 sev]al collections 9 ,flor5ce1 ,rome1 & ,bologna1 z well z 9 ! catalogue ( ! imp]ial gall]y at ,vi5na1 & 9 ! royal collections 9 ,spa91 t repres5t ! subjects ( ! ,crucifixion1#afa ! ,pieta1#afb ! ,infant ,jesus asleep1 & ! ,pray] 9 ! ,g>d54 ,!y resemble ! design ( ,mi*elangiolo1 b _! execution betrays ano!r p5cil4 ,?is is r5d]$ probable by ! sil5ce ( ,vas>i2 _! high f9i% seems incr$ible 9 an arti/1 :o1 ev5 9 sculpture1 v r>ely attempt$ x2 & our scepticism is confirm$ by ! op9ion ( ,m5gs1 & o!r compet5t judges1 :om ,i h consult$ to elucidate ?is po9t4 ,"s ( !m1 9 :i* ! di/ribution ( ! t9ts 0 p]haps orig9ally made "u 8 inspection1 resemble 8 /yle4 ,^! may h be5 copi$ by ,fiamm+hi1 z ! t9ts ( "s ( !m indicate1 or by o!r ,italian arti/s ( ! v>i\s s*ools1 s9ce !y diff] s mu* 9 _! mode ( col\r+4 ,"s copies may be ! "w ( ! s*ol>s ( ,mi*elangiolo1 ?\gh ,vas>i in=ms u !y 7 all b feeble arti/s4 ,he gives u ! names ( ^? :o dwelt 9 8 h\se2 ,pietro ,urbano ( ,pi/oia1 a man ( g5ius1 b v indol5t2 ,antonio ,m9i ( ,flor5ce1 & ,ascanio ,condivi da ,ripatransone1 bo? eag] 9 _! pr(ession1 b ( little tal5t1 & !re=e ! au?ors ( no "w wor?y ( record4 ,! p ( ,f]r>a include _! c\ntryman ,filippi 9 ?is s*ool1 an arti/ unkn[n to ,vas>i1 b wor?y ( notice4 ,lomazzi m5tions ,m>co da ,p9o z "o ( ! numb]4 ,to ^! ,palom9o adds ,ca/elli ( ,b]gamo1 7^: ma/]1 :ile he 0 9 ,rome1 is n notic$ by any ( our writ]s7 & ,gasp> ,bac]ra1 ( ,&alusia1 a celebrat$ ,spani% pa9t]4 ,we may likewise add ,alonzo ,b]rugese1 :o is reckon$ by ,vas>i only among ^? t /udi$ ! c>toon ( ,mi*elangiolo1 at ,flor5ce1 ) ,francia1 & o!r /rang]s1 :o 7 n among 8 disciples4 ,9 ! hi/ory ( ,spani% pa9t+1 !re is m5tion$ by all ! writ]s a ,roman1 ( ! "n ( ,matteo ,p]ez d',alessio1 or d',alessi4 ,!y rec\nt t he liv$ _m ye>s at ,seville1 & produc$ _m works !re1 among :i* 8 ,s4 ,cri/(oro1 9 ! ca!dral1 :i* co/ #d1jjj cr[ns1 is by f> ! gr&e/4 ,!y add1 t ,luigi ,v>gas1 a v able disciple ( ,p]9o del ,vaga1 hav+ return$ f ,rome1 ,alessi 0 glad to leave ! field op5 to him1 & to return into ,italy2 :]e ,preziado f9ds him4 ,inde$ he r f9ds him at ,rome1 & at ! ,si/9e ,*apel1 :]e two hi/ories1 pa9t$ opposite to ! ,la/ ,judgm5t ( 8 ma/]1 are ascrib$ to him2 ^! h[ev] are ! production ( ,matteo da ,leccio1 :o aim$ at imitat+ ,mi*elangiolo & ,salviati2 b he is only despis$ by ,taia1 & by e "o :o has a gra9 ( s5se4 ,he execut$ ?is "w 9 ! "t ( ,gregory ,,xiii42 & nei!r he nor ! supposititi\s ,alessio1#afc an imag9>y "n1 _h any connexion ) ,mi*elangiolo4 ,! re/ we ref] to ! note1 9 ord] to proce$ )\t delay to names :i* may boa/ a bett] title to su* a connexion4 ,_m o!r figures & hi/oric compositions 7 design$ by ,mi*elangiolo1 & pa9t$ at ,rome by ,f4 ,seba/iano del ,piombo1 an excell5t col\ri/ ( ! ,v5etian s*ool4 ,! ,pieta 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,francis ( ,vit]bo1#afd ! ,flagellation1 & ,transfiguration1 ) "s o!r pieces at ,s4 ,pietro 9 ,montorio1 are ( ?is numb]4 ,two ,annunciations1 design$ by ,bon>ruoti1 7 col\r$ = alt>-pieces by ,m>cello ,v5u/i ( ,mantua1 a s*ol> ( ,p]9o1 :o adopt$ ! /yle ( ,mi*elangiolo1 )\t app>5t affectation4 ,! "o 0 put up 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,giovanni ,lat]ano1 ! o!r 9 ! ,della ,pace4 ,he is said to h pa9t$ also "s cab9et pictures aft] designs ( ,bon>ruoti2 z ! ,limbo1#afe 9 ! ,colonna palace2 ! ,*ri/ go+ to ,m\nt ,calv>y1 & "s o!r pieces 9 ! ,borghese2 also ! celebrat$ copy ( ! ,la/ ,judgm5t1 :i* he pa9t$ = ,c>d9al ,f>nese1 t /ill exi/s 9 ,naples4 ,al?\gh a good design]1 & ! au?or ( _m pieces describ$ by ,baglione1 he obta9$ great] celebrity by clo?+ ! inv5tions ( ,mi*elangiolo 9 exquisite beauty1 especially 9 small pictures1 ( :i*1 ,vas>i says1 he execut$ a great _m4 ,?is writ]1 & ,orl&i foll[+ him1 h errone\sly nam$ him ,raffaello1 n ,m>cello4 ,bati/a ,franco col\r$ ! ,rape ( ,ganym$e1 aft] a design ( ,bon>ruoti1 :i* 0 also done by ! arti/ :o pa9t$ ! small picture :i* ,d',arg5ville describes 9 ,france2 & ano!r on a l>g] scale1 to be se5 at ,rome 9 ! possession ( ! ,colonna family3 x 0 also pa9t$ 9 oil by ,giulio ,clovio4 ,pontormo employ$ himself 9 a simil> mann] at ,flor5ce1 on ! design ( ,v5us & ,cupid2 & on ! c>toon ( ,*ri/ appe>+ to ,m>y ,magdal51 a "w :i* 0 re-execut$ by him = ,citta di ,ca/ello1 ,bon>ruoti hav+ said1 t none c\ld p]=m x bett]4 ,francesco ,salviati pa9t$ ano!r ( 8 designs1 & ,bugi>d9i1 z we h already notic$1 execut$ "s figures design$ by him4 ,su* is ! in=mation transmitt$ to u by ,vas>i2 & he w\ld h be5 ju/ly repreh5sible if he _h writt5 ) su* m9ut5ess on ! draw+s ( ,mi*elangiolo1 & ( ^? employ$ to f9i% !m1 & _h neglect$ to in=m u z to ^? pieces :i* ,mi*elangiolo himself execut$4 ,h5ce x is n easy to avoid scepticism on ! g5u95ess ( ! ,annunciation1 ! ,flagellation1 or any o!r oil pa9t+ ascrib$ to ,bon>ruoti by ,bott>i1 ,d',arg5ville1 or ! describ]s ( collections4 ,we h notic$ 8 av]sion to ?is me?od ( pa9t+4 ,we are in=m$ t dur+ 8 lifetime he employ$ o!rs 9 ?is bran*2 & we "k t aft] 8 dea? arti/s avail$ !mselves ( 8 designs2 z ,sabbat9i did 9 a ,pieta = ! sacri/y ( ! ,*ur* ( ,s4 ,pet]1 a "w copi$ by "s o!r arti/ = ! ,madonna de' ,monti1 & "s o!rs made kn[n to u by ,baglione4 ,c we !n hesitate z to ! orig9ality ( any picture1 if we give cr$it to ! oil pa9t+s ( ,mi*elangiolo8 ,! portraits ( ,bon>ruoti ascrib$ to 8 own h&1 are also1 9 my op9ion1 supposititi\s4 ,vas>i knew ( no lik5ess ( him except ! figure ca/ 9 bronze by ,ricci>elli1 & two portraits1 ! "o pa9t$ by ,bugi>d9i1 ! o!r by ,jacopo del ,conte4 ,f ^! are d]iv$ ! v old & well kn[n portraits1 pres]v$ 9 ! ducal gall]y1 9 ! collection ( ! ,capitol1 9 ! ,capr>a palace at ,bologna1 & t 9 ! possession ( ,c>d9al ,zelada at ,rome4 ,franco1 ,m>co da ,si5a1 ,tibaldi1 & o!r =eign arti/s1 :o h imitat$ ,mi*elangiolo1 %all be notic$ "u _! respective s*ools4 ,! ,flor5t9e s*ool ab\nd$ 9 !m1 & ^! we %all consid] all toge!r 9 ! succe$+ epo*4 ,i %all "h only notice two1 :o liv$ on intimate habits ) him1 :o execut$ works "u 8 own eye1 & = a long "t receiv$ directions f 8 own lips2 circum/ances :i* _c be said ( ,vas>i1 ( ,salviati1 nor ( any o!r able arti/ ( 8 s*ool4 ,"o ( ^! 0 ,francesco ,granacci ( ,flor5ce1 *>act]iz$ by ,vas>i z an excell5t arti/1 :o d]iv$ mu* ( 8 m]it f 8 e>ly intimacy ) ,mi*elangiolo4 ,he 0 ! fell[ /ud5t ( ! latt]1 "u ,dom5ico ,ghirl&aio1 & also 9 ! g>d5 ( ,lor5zo2 & f 8 precepts1 & by /udy+ 8 c>toon1 he enl>g$ 8 own mann]1 & approa*$ ne> ! mod]n /yle4 ,aft] ! dea? ( 8 ma/]1 he rema9$ ) ! bro!rs ( t arti/1 to complete "s ( ! works ( ! deceas$1 & 0 employ$ 9 pa9t+ "s ,holy ,families1 & cab9et pictures1 9 di/emp]1 :i* might easily pass "u ano!r "n1 z !y resemble ! be/ productions ( t s*ool4 ,9 8 new /yle he nev] entirely ab&on$ ! simplicity ( ! old mann]2 b !re is a specim5 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,jacopo )\t-!-walls1 m /udi$ 9 design1 & m det]m9$ 9 ! col\r+4 ,9 ?is picture ,s4 ,zanobi & ,s4 ,francis appe> ne> our ,lady "u a l(ty canopy2 a subject !n famili> 9 e s*ool4 ,8 /yle seems m matur$ 9 an ,assumption :i* 0 9 ,s4 ,pi] ,maggiore1 a *ur* n[ suppress$3 "h he ins]t$1 betwe5 two o!r figures1 a ,s4 ,?omas1 :olly 9 ! mann] ( ,mi*elangiolo4 ,few o!r consid]able pa9t+s c be ascrib$ to ?is arti/1 :o 0 left 9 easy circum/ances by 8 fa!r1 & pa9t$ r z a comm5dable amusem5t ?an f necessity4 ,ricci>elli1 usually kn[n 9 hi/ory by ! "n ( ,daniele di ,volt]ra1 enjoys a great] "n1 & is g5]ally describ$ z ! mo/ successful foll[] ( ,mi*elangiolo4 ,educat$ 9 ,si5a1 accord+ to report1 by ,p]uzzi & ,razzi1 he became ! assi/ant ( ,p]9o del ,vaga1 & acquir$ an a/oni%+ tal5t = imitat+ ,bon>ruoti1 :o greatly e/eem$ him1 appo9t$ him 8 sub/itute 9 ! lab\rs ( ! ,vatican1 br\ght him into notice1 & assi/$ & enri*$ him ) designs4 ,x is kn[n t ,mi*elangiolo 0 (t5 ) ,daniele :5 he pa9t$ 9 ! ,f>nese palace1 & x is said t ,bon>ruoti1 dur+ 8 abs5ce1 ,o v]o o falso *e la fama suoni1 m\nt$ ! scaffold1 & sket*$ ) *>coal a colossal head t is /ill se5 !re4 ,volt]ra let x rema91 t po/]ity might judge ( ! p[]s ( ,bon>ruoti1 :o )\t pre-m$itation & 9 m]e je/1 _h f9i%$ a "w 9 su* proportion1 & s p]fect4 ,nor did ,daniele execute1 )\t ! assi/ance ( ,mi*elangiolo1 ! wond]ful ,desc5t f ! ,cross 9 ! ,tr9ita de' ,monti1 :i*1 toge!r ) ! ,transfiguration by ,raffaello1 & ! ,s4 ,girolamo ( ,dom5i*9o1 may be reckon$ among ! f9e/ pa9t+s 9 ,rome4#aff ,we seem to behold ! m\rnful spectacle1 & ! ,r$eem] s9k+ ) ! natural relaxation ( a dead body 9 desc5d+3 ! pi\s m5 engag$ 9 v>i\s (fices1 & ?r[n 9 diff]5t & contra/$ attitudes1 appe> assidu\sly occupi$ ) ! sacr$ rema9s :i* !y seem to v5]ate2 ! "m ( ,jesus hav+ fa9t$ betwe5 ! sorr[+ wom51 ! belov$ disciple ext5ds 8 arms & b5ds ov] h]4 ,!re is a tru? 9 ! nak$ figures t seems p]fect nature2 a col\r+ 9 ! faces & ! :ole piece t suits ! subject1 & is m det]m9$ ?an delicate2 a relief1 a h>mony1 &1 9 a ^w1 a skill t might d hon\r to ! h& ( ,mi*elangiolo himself1 _h ! picture be5 inscrib$ ) 8 "n4 ,to ?is ! arti/1 ,i believe1 allud$1 :5 he pa9t$ ,bon>ruoti ) a mirror ne> x2 z if 9 ?is picture he might behold a reflection ( himself4 ,volt]ra pa9t$ "s o!r ,crucifixions 9 ! ,ors9i ,*apel1 :]e he 0 employ$ = sev5 ye>s2 b !y are inf]ior to t describ$ above4 ,he employ$ 8 pupils 9 ano!r *apel ( t *ur*1 7,mi*ele ,alb]ti1 accord+ to ! ,guide to ,rome1 & ,gio4 ,paolo ,rossetti17 & suppli$ !m ) designs2 "o ( :i* he himself execut$ 9 a picture1 ) figures ( a mod]ate size4 ,! subject is ! ,murd] ( ! ,innoc5ts1 & x is n[ deposit$ 9 ! ,tribune ( ! ,royal ,gall]y ( ,flor5ce2 an hon\r t speaks m = x ?an my eulogy4 ,! ,gr& ,duke ,leopold pur*as$ x at a high price f a *ur* 9 ,volt]ra1 :]e !re is n[ no o!r public specim5 ( ?is ma/]4 ,! ,ricci>elli family possess a f9e ,elijah1 z an inh]itance & memorial ( ?is great man2 & a beautiful fresco rema9s 9 a /udy 9 ! h\se ( ! ,dottor ,mazzoni1 relat+ to :i* we may ref] ! read] to ! excell5t hi/oriograph] ( ,volt]ra1 7tom4 i4 p4 #agg74 ,!re 0 a y\? ( ,flor5ce1 nam$ ,baccio della ,porta1 because 8 /udy 0 ne> a gate ( t city2 b hav+ become a ,dom9ican1 he obta9$ t ( ,fra ,b>tolommeo di ,s4 ,m>co1 f ! conv5t :]e he resid$1 or1 m %ortly1 t ( ,frate4 ,:il/ he /udi$ "u ,rosselli1 he became enam\r$ ( ! gr& *i>o-scuro ( ,v9ci1 & emulat$ him assidu\sly4 ,we read t 8 fri5d ,alb]t9elli /udi$ modell+1 & copi$ anci5t basso-relievos1 f a desire ( obta9+ correctness 9 8 %ad[s2 & we may conjecture ! same ( ,baccio1 al?\gh ,vas>i is sil5t on ?is head4 ,! ,pr9ce has a ,nativity & ,circumcision ( ,*ri/ 9 8 e>ly mann]2 mo/ graceful little pictures1 resembl+ m9iatures4 ,ab\t ?is p]iod he also pa9t$ 8 own portrait 9 ! lay habit1 a full-l5g? figure1 mo/ skilfully inclos$ 9 a small space1 & n[ 9 ! spl5did collection ( ! ,signori ,montecat9i at ,lucca4 ,he ent]$ ! cloi/] 9 #aejj1 at ! age ( ?irty-"o1 & = f\r ye>s nev] h&l$ ! p5cil4 ,! execution ( ,savon>ola1 :om he knew & respect$1 prey$ ^u 8 m9d2 &1 l ,botticelli & ,cr$i1 he gave up ! art4 ,:5 he aga9 resum$ x1 he seems to h advanc$ daily 9 improvem5t1 dur+ ! la/ ?irte5 or f\rte5 ye>s ( 8 life2 s t 8 e>li] productions1 ?\gh v beautiful1 are inf]ior to 8 la/4 ,8 improvem5t 0 accel]at$ by ,raffaello1 :o came to ,flor5ce to pursue 8 /udies 9 #aejd1 contract$ a fri5d%ip = him1 & 0 at ! same "t 8 s*ol> 9 col\r+1 & 8 ma/] 9 p]spective4#afg ,hav+ gone to ,rome "s ye>s aft]1 to see ! works ( ,bon>ruoti & ,raffaello1 if ,i am n deceiv$1 he greatly elevat$ 8 /yle2 b 8 mann] 0 at all times m con=mable to t ( 8 fri5d ?an ( 8 fell[ citiz51 unit+ dignity ) grace 9 8 heads & 9 8 g5]al design4 ,! picture 9 ! ,pitti palace is a pro( ( ?is1 :i* ,pietro da ,cortona imag9$ to be ! "w ( ,raffaello1 ?\gh ,frate _h pa9t$ x be=e he w5t to ,rome4 ,9 t place he appe>$ ) dim9i%$ lu/re1 says ! hi/orian1 9 ! pres5ce ( ^? two great lum9>ies ( ! art1 & spe$ily return$ to ,flor5ce2 a circum/ance :i* also happ5$ to ,&rea del ,s>to1 to ,rosso1 & to o!r truly em95t ma/]s1 ^: mode/y 0 equal to ! confid5ce ( innum]able arti/s ( m$iocrity1 :o frequ5tly enjoy$ at ,rome mu* ill plac$ patronage4 ,frate left !re two figures ( ! ,*ief ,apo/les1 t are pres]v$ 9 ! ,quir9al palace2 ! ,s4 ,pet]1 :i* 0 n f9i%$1 _h its la/ t\*es f ! h& ( ,raffaello4 ,"o ( 8 pictures is also 9 ! ,vatican palace1 :]e x 0 deposit$ by ,pius ,,vi41 ) _m o!r *oice pa9t+s4 ,a ,holy ,family exi/s 9 ! ,cors9i collection by ! same h&1 & is p]haps 8 f9e/ & mo/ graceful p]=mance4 ,8 mo/ f9i%$ productions are 9 ,tuscany1 :i* boa/s v>i\s alt>-pieces1 & all ( !m v valuable4 ,_! composition is 9 ! usual /yle ( ! age1 :i* may be obs]v$ 9 ! production ( e s*ool1 n ev5 except+ ,raffaello1 & :i* cont9u$ 9 ! ,flor5t9e until ! "t ( ,pontormo2 viz4 a ,madonna seat$1 ) an infant ,jesus1 & accompani$ by sa9ts4 ,b 9 ?is hackney$ subject1 ,frate di/+ui%$ himself by gr& ar*itecture1 by magnific5t flights ( /eps1 & by ! skilful gr\p+ ( 8 sa9ts & *]ubims4 ,he introduces !m1 "o :ile seat$ 9 conc]t1 ano!r "t pois$ on _! w+s to m9i/] to _! k+ & que52 ( :om "s support ! drap]y1 o!rs h *>ge ( ! pavilion1 a ri* & happily conceiv$ ornam5t1 :i* he readily connect$ ) su* ?rones1 ev5 9 cab9et pictures4 ,he dep>t$ f ?is mode ( composition 9 a picture t he left at ,s4 ,romano ( ,lucca1 call$ ,madonna della ,mis]icordia1 :o sits 9 an attitude full ( grace1 amid a cr[d ( devotees1 %ield+ !m ) h] mantle f ! wra? ( heav54 ,8 rivals occasion$ ! production ( two m alt>-pieces3 accord+ to ! example ( o!r em95t m51 he answ]$ _! sne]s by 8 classic p]=mances2 a retort ! mo/ gall+ to ! invidi\s4 ,!y _h /igmatiz$ him z unequal to l>ge proportions2 & he fill$ a l>ge piece ) a s+le figure ( ,s4 ,m>k1 :i* is admir$ z a prodigy ( art 9 ! ducal gall]y1 & is describ$ by a le>n$ =eign] z a ,grecian /atue trans=m$ into a picture4 ,he 0 accus$ ( be+ ignorant ( ! anatomy ( ! human figure2 & to refute ?is calumny he introduc$ a nak$ ,s4 ,seba/ian 9 ano!r picture1 :i* 0 s p]fect 9 draw+ & 9 col\r+1 t x receiv$ ! unb\nd$ applause ( arti/s2 b becom+ too mu* ! admiration ( ! female devotees ( t *ur*1 x 0 fir/ remov$ by ! fa!rs into a private room1 & 0 aft]w>ds sold1 & s5t into ,france4 ,to sum up all1 he knew h[ to excel at pleasure1 9 e dep>tm5t ( pa9t+4 ,8 design is mo/ *a/e1 & 8 y\?ful faces are m full & fle%y ?an 0 usual ) ,raffaello2 & accord+ to ,alg>otti1 !y are b little elevat$ above ! /&>d ( ord9>y m51 & approa* to vulg>ity4 ,8 t9ts at "o p]iod ab\nd$ ) %ad[s produc$ by lamp black or ivory black1 :i* impairs ! value ( "s ( 8 pictures2 b he gradually acquir$ a bett] mann]1 &1 z we h relat$1 0 able to in/ruct ,raffaello4 ,9 firmness & cle>ness he yields n to ! be/ ( ! s*ool ( ,lomb>dy4 ,he 0 ! inv5tor ( a new me?od ( ca/+ drap]ies2 hav+ taught ! use ( ! wood5 figure1 ) moveable jo9ts1 t s]ves admirably = ! /udy ( ! folds ( drap]y4 ,none ( 8 s*ool pa9t$ !m m v>i$ & natural1 ) m bread?1 or bett] adapt$ to ! limbs4 ,8 works are to be se5 9 sev]al private collections 9 ,flor5ce2 b !y are r>e beyond ! prec9cts ( t city3 !y are !re eag]ly s\ght aft] by =eign]s1 b are v r>ely to be sold4 ,"o ( 8 ,madonnas 0 procur$ )9 ^! few ye>s by 8 ,excell5cy ! ,major-,domo ( ! ducal h\sehold1 ^: collection may be reckon$ ano!r ,flor5t9e ,gall]y 9 m9iature1 consi/+ ( ab\t ?irty pictures ( ! be/ ma/]s ( diff]5t s*ools4 ,! ,fa!rs ( ,s4 ,m>k h a consid]able numb] ( 8 pa9t+s 9 _! private *apel1 & among ^! is a ,s4 ,v9c5zo1 said by ,bott>i to resemble a "w ( ,tiziano or ,giorgione4 ,8 be/ & r>e/ p]=mances are 9 ! possession ( ! ,pr9ce1 9 ^: collection ! la/ "w ( ,fra ,b>tolommeo rema9s1 a l>ge picture 9 *i>oscuro1 repres5t+ ! patron sa9ts ( ! city surr\nd+ ! ,virg9 ,m>y4 ,! ,gonfaloni] ,sod]9i int5d$ ?is piece = ! ,hall ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,/ate2 b x 0 left only z a design at ! dea? ( its au?or1 9 #aeag1 l ! project$ works ( ,v9ci & ,bon>ruoti4 ,x w\ld seem z if "s fatality att5d$ ! decoration ( ?is build+1 :i* ought to h employ$ ! p5cil ( ! greate/ native arti/s4 ,among ?is numb] ,frate mu/ und\bt$ly be includ$2 & ,ri*>dson rem>ks1 t _h he possess$ ! happy comb9ations ( ,raffaello1 he1 p]haps1 w\ld n h be5 second to t ma/]4#afh ,! la/ m5tion$ production1 ?\gh imp]fect1 is look$ ^u z a model 9 ! art4 ,! me?od ( ?is arti/ 0 fir/ to draw ! figure nak$1 !n to drape x1 & to =m a *i>oscuro1 sometimes 9 oils1 t m>k$ ! di/ribution ( ! light & %ad[1 :i* con/itut$ 8 great /udy1 & ! s\l ( 8 pictures4 ,?is l>ge picture demon/rates su* prep>atives2 & x has z high a value 9 pa9t+1 z ! antique pla/] models h 9 sculpture1 9 :i* ,w9ckelmann discov]s ! /amp ( g5ius & compass ( design bett] ?an 9 sculptur$ m>bles4 ,m>iotto ,alb]t9elli1 ! fell[ /ud5t & fri5d ( ,baccio1 ! %>] ( 8 lab\rs & 8 conc]ns1 emulat$ 8 fir/ /yle1 & approa*es to 8 second 9 "s ( 8 works2 b !y may be comp>$ to two /reams spr++ f ! same s\rce2 ! "o to become a brook1 ! o!r a mighty riv]4 ,"s pictures 9 ,flor5ce are suppos$ to be _! jo9t p]=mances2 & ! ,m>quis ,acciaiuoli possesses a picture ( ! ,assumption1 9 ! upp] "p ( :i* are ! ,apo/les1 by ,baccio1 & ! l[] is deem$ ! "w ( ,m>iotto4 ,he is some:at dry 9 sev]al ( 8 pictures1 z 9 ! ,s4 ,silve/ro1 9 ,monte ,cavallo at ,rome2 :]e he also pa9t$ a ,s4 ,dom5ick1 & a ,s4 ,ca?>9e ( ,si5a1 ne> ! ?rone ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y4 ,he %\ld likewise be kn[n at ,flor5ce4 ,he execut$ two pictures = ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,giuliano1 rem>kable = ! =ce ( col\r+1 & ! _m imitations ( ! /yle ( ,frate4 ,! be/ ( all & ! ne>e/ to 8 model is ! ,visitation1 transf]r$ f ! ,congregazione de' ,preti to ! ,ducal gall]y1 & ev5 to its mo/ hon\r$ place1 ! ,tribune4 ,alb]t9elli obta9$ great cr$it by 8 two pupils1 ,franciabigio & ,innoc5zio da ,imola1 ( :om ,i %all speak 9 ! prop] place z ornam5ts ( _! s*ool4 ,i f9d ,vis9o prais$ beyond !m bo?3 he pa9t$ b little 9 ,flor5ce1 & t 9 private2 b he 0 mu* employ$ 9 ,hung>y4 ,b5$etto ,cianfan9i1 ,gabriele ,ru/ici1 & ,cec*9 del ,frate1 :o inh]it$ 8 ma/]'s "n1 7 ! s*ol>s ( ,fra ,b>tolommeo 9 8 be/ "t2 b !y are no long] kn[n by any und\bt$ works4 ,fra ,paolo da ,pi/oia1 8 colleague1 :o 0 hon\r$ 9 8 own c\ntry ) a m$al1 :i* ,i h se51 ) ^? ( _m em95t m5 ( ,pi/oia1 9 ! possession ( ! ,sign4 ,dottor ,visoni1 obta9$ ! ri*e/ inh]itance 9 all ! /udies ( ,baccio2 & f 8 designs ?is arti/ pa9t$ _m pictures at ,pi/oia1 "o ( :i* may be se5 9 ! p>o*ial *ur* ( ,s4 ,paul1 ov] ! great alt>4 ,^? designs 7 aft]w>ds c>ri$ to ,flor5ce1 & 9 ! "t ( ,vas>i !re 0 a collection ( !m at ! ,dom9ican conv5t ( ,s4 ,ca?>9e1 9 ! h&s ( ,si/] ,plautella ,nelli4 ,! noble family ( ?is lady possesses a ,crucifixion pa9t$ by h]1 9 :i* !re is a multitude ( small figures mo/ highly f9i%$4 ,%e seems on ! :ole a good imitation ( ,frate2 b %e also foll[$ o!r /yles1 z may be se5 9 h] conv5t4 ,a ,desc5t f ! ,cross is !re %ewn1 said to be ! design ( ,&rea del ,s>to1 b ! execution is by h]2 & likewise an ,epiphany1 entirely h] own1 9 :i* ! l&scape w\ld d hon\r to ! mod]n1 b ! figures sav\r ( ! old s*ool4 ,&rea ,vannuc*i1 call$ ,&rea del ,s>to1 f ! occupation ( 8 fa!r1 is comm5d$ by ,vas>i z ! fir/ arti/ ( ?is s*ool1 = be+ ! mo/ faultless pa9t] ( ! ,flor5t9es1 = p]fectly und]/&+ ! pr9ciples ( *i>oscuro1 = repres5t+ ! indi/9ctness ( objects 9 %ad[1 & = pa9t+ ) a sweetness truly natural3 he1 moreov]1 taught h[ to give a p]fect union to frescos1 & 9 a great measure obviat$ ! necessity ( ret\*+ !m :5 dry1 a circum/ance :i* gives all 8 works ! appe>ance ( hav+ be5 f9i%$ 9 "o day4 ,he is c5sur$ by ,bald9ucci1 z b>r5 9 inv5tion2 & und\bt$ly he want$ t elevation ( conception1 :i* con/itutes ! epic 9 pa9t+ z well z 9 poetry4 ,defici5t 9 ?is tal5t1 ,&rea is said to h be5 mode/1 elegant1 & endu$ ) s5sibility2 & x appe>s t he impress$ ?is "* on nature :]ev] he employ$ 8 p5cil4 ,! portico ( ! ,nunziata1 trans=m$ by him into a gall]y ( ine/imable value1 is ! fitte/ place to judge ( ?is4 ,^? *a/e outl9es t procur$ him ! surname ( ,&rea ! ,faultless1 ^? conceptions ( graceful c\nt5ances1 ^: smiles rem9d u ( ! simplicity & grace ( ,correggio1#afi t appropriate ar*itecture1 ^? drap]ies1 adapt$ to e condition1 & ca/ ) ease1 ^? popul> expressions ( curiosity1 ( a/oni%m5t1 ( confid5ce1 ( compassion1 & ( joy1 t nev] transgress ! b\nds ( decorum1 :i* are und]/ood at fir/ sight1 & g5tly affect ! m9d )\t agitat+ x1 are *>ms t are m readily felt ?an express$4 ,he :o feels :at ,tubules is 9 poetry1 may conceive :at ,&rea is 9 pa9t+4 ,?is arti/ demon/rates ! asc5dancy ( native g5ius ov] precept4 ,:5 a boy he 0 put "u ! tuition ( ,giovanni ,b>ile1 a good c>v] 9 wood1 employ$ on ! ceil+s & doors ( ! ,vatican1 aft] ! designs ( ,raffaello1 b a pa9t] ( no celebrity4 ,:ile /ill a y\?1 he 0 consign$ to ,pi] di ,cosimo1 a practical col\ri/1 b by no means skill$ 9 draw+ or 9 composition3 h5ce ! ta/e ( ,&rea 9 ^! arts 0 =m$ on ! c>toons ( ,v9ci & ,bon>ruoti2 &1 z _m circum/ances indicate1 on ! frescos ( ,masaccio & ( ,ghirl&aio1 9 :i* ! subjects 7 m suit$ to 8 mild disposition4 ,he w5t to ,rome1 b ,i "k n 9 :at ye>2 t he 0 !re1 appe>s n to me to admit ( dispute1 z 9 ! case ( ,correggio4 ,i d n argue ?is f 8 /yle approa*+ ne> to t ( ,raffaello1 z x appe>$ also to ,lomazzo & o!r writ]s1 ?\gh ) less ( ideal beauty4 ,raffaello & ,&rea _h /udi$ ! same orig9als at ,flor5ce2 & nature might h giv5 !m correspond+ ideas = ! selection ( ! beautiful4 ,i gr\nd my op9ion entirely on ,vas>i4 ,he in=ms u1 t ,&rea 0 at ,rome1 t see+ ! works ( ! s*ol>s ( ,raffaello1 timidity induc$ him to despair ( equall+ !m1 & to return spe$ily to ,flor5ce4 ,if we cr$it s _m o!r /ories ( ! pusillanimity ( ,&rea1 :y %\ld we reject ?is8 or :at fai? %all we give to ,vas>i1 if he 0 errone\s 9 a circum/ance relat+ to "o :o 0 8 ma/]1 & :i* 0 writt5 9 ,flor5ce soon aft] ! dea? ( ,&rea1 :ile 8 s*ol>s1 8 fri5ds1 & ev5 8 wife1 7 /ill liv+1 an ass]tion1 too1 uncontradict$ 9 ! second edition1 9 :i* ,vas>i retract$ s mu* ( :at he _h affirm$ 9 ! fir/8 ,8 improvem5t & 8 progress f "o p]fection 9 art to ano!r 0 ?us n sudd51 z has happ5$ to "s o!r arti/s2 b 0 gradually acquir$ dur+ _m ye>s resid5ce at ,flor5ce4 ,!re1 by reflect+ on :at he _h se51 he atta9$ su* em95ce t 8 works h be5 e/eem$1 & admir$1 & ev5 m imitat$ aft] 8 dea?1 ?an 9 8 lifetime3 s says ! hi/orian4 ,?is implies t he improv$ at ,rome2 *iefly1 h[ev]1 by 8 own g5ius1 :i* l$ him1 z x 71 by ! h&1 f "o /ep to ano!r1 z may be obs]v$ 9 ! ,compagnia dello ,scalzo1 & 9 ! conv5t ( ! ,s]vi1 :]e "s ( 8 pictures1 execut$ at diff]5t p]iods1 are to be se54 ,at ! ,scalzo1 he pa9t$ "s /ories f ! life ( ,s4 ,john 9 *i>oscuro1 ! c>toons = :i* are 9 ! ,r9ucc9i palace3 9 ?is "w we may notice "s palpable imitations1 & ev5 "s figures borr[$ f ,alb]t ,dur]4 ,we may trace 8 e>ly /yle 9 ! ,baptism ( ,*ri/2 8 subsequ5t progress1 9 "s o!r pictures1 z 9 ! ,visitation1 pa9t$ "s ye>s aft]2 & 8 greate/ excell5ce & broade/ mann] 9 o!rs1 especially 9 ! ,bir? ( ! ,bapti/4 ,9 l mann]1 ! pictures f ! life ( ,s4 ,filippo ,b5izi1 9 ! less] cloi/] ( ! ,s]vi1 are v beautiful productions1 ?\gh !y are among ! fir/ ef=ts ( ,&rea's g5ius4 ,! ,epiphany ( our ,savi\r1 & ! ,bir? ( ! ,virg9 9 ! same place1 are m f9i%$ works2 b 8 f9e/ piece is t ,holy ,family 9 ,repose1 :i* is usually call$ ,madonna del ,sacco1 f ! sack ( gra9 on :i* ,s4 ,joseph leans1 ?an :i* few pictures are m celebrat$ 9 ! hi/ory ( ! art4 ,x has frequ5tly be5 engrav$2 b aft] two c5turies & a half1 x has at l5g? employ$ an engrav] wor?y ( x 9 ,morgh51 :o has rec5tly execut$ x1 & also a simil> composition aft] ,raffaello4 ,bo? pr9ts are 9 ! be/ collections2 & to ^? :o h n se5 ei!r ,rome or ,flor5ce1 ,&rea appe>s r a rival ?an an inf]ior to ! pr9ce ( pa9t]s4 ,on exam9+ ?is picture n>r[ly1 x af=ds endless scope = obs]vation3 x is f9i%$ z if int5d$ = a cab9et2 e hair is di/+ui%$1 e middle t9t is l[]$ ) consummate art1 e outl9e m>k$ ) admirable v>iety & grace3 & amid all ?is dilig5ce a facility is conspicu\s1 t makes ! :ole appe> natural & uncon/ra9$4 ,9 ! ducal palace at ,poggio a ,caiano1 !re is a fresco picture ( ,caes>1 seat$ 9 a hall1 ornam5t$ ) /atues1 on a l(ty seat1 to :om a great v>iety ( exotic birds & wild animals are pres5t$ z ! tribute ( 8 victories2 a "w ( itself suffici5t to m>k ,&rea z a pa9t] em95t 9 p]spective1 9 a k ( ! antique1 & 9 e excell5ce ( pa9t+4 ,! ord] = ornam5t+ t palace came f ,leo ,x42 & ,&rea1 :o _h !re to cont5d ) ,franciabigio & ,pontormo1 ex]t$ all 8 en]gy to please t enc\rag] ( art1 & to surpass 8 competitors4 ,! o!r arti/s seem to h be5 disc\rag$1 & did n proce$3 "s ye>s aft] ,aless&ro ,allori put a f9i%+ h& to ! hall4 ,! royal palace possesses a treasure 9 ! oil pictures ( ,&rea4 ,indep5d5t ( ! ,s4 ,francis1 ! ,assumption1 & o!r pictures1 collect$ by ! family ( ! ,m$ici1 ! ,gr& ,duke ,leopold pur*as$ a v f9e ,pieta f ! nuns ( ,lugo1 & plac$ x 9 ! ,tribune z an hon\r to ! s*ool4 ,! introduction ( ,s4 ,pet] & ,s4 ,paul 9 t piece1 contr>y to hi/orical facts1 is n ! error ( ! pa9t] :o repres5t$ !m s admirably1 b ( ^? :o commission$ ! picture4 ,critics h rem>k$ a slight defect 9 ! dead ,*ri/1 :i* !y ?9k su/a9s itself m1 & has a great] fulness ( ! ve9s1 ?an is suitable to a dead body3 b ?is is immat]ial 9 a picture ! o!r p>ts ( :i* are design$1 col\r$1 & compos$1 s z to excite a/oni%m5t4 ,a ,la/ ,supp]1 if x 7 n conf9$ to ! cloi/]s ( ! mona/]y ( ,s4 ,salvi1 w\ld1 p]haps1 be equally admir$4 ,! soldi]s :o besieg$ ,flor5ce 9 #aebi1 & de/roy$ ! suburbs ( ! city1 und\bt$ly admir$ x3 aft] demoli%+ ! belfry1 ! *ur*1 & "p ( ! mona/]y1 !y 7 a/oni%$ on behold+ ?is ,la/ ,supp]1 & _h n resolution to de/roy x2 imitat+ t ,demetrius :o1 at ! siege ( ,rhodes1 is said to h respect$ no?+ b a picture by ,proteg5es4#agj ,&rea pa9t$ a great deal2 & on ?is acc\nt is well kn[n beyond ! limits ( 8 own c\ntry4 ,p]haps 8 be/ p]=mance 9 ! h&s ( /rang]s is a picture translat$ to a palace 9 ,g5oa f ! *ur* ( ! ,dom5icans ( ,s>zana1 :o possess sev]al o!rs1 v beautiful4 ,x is compos$ 9 ! mann] ( ,f4 ,b>tolommeo2 & besides ! ,sa9ts di/ribut$ ar\nd ! ,virg91 or on ! /eps1 f\r ( :om are /&+ & two on _! knees1 !re are two l>ge figures 9 ! =egr\nd t seem to />t f ! l[] "p ( ! picture1 & are se5 z high z ! knee4 ,i am aw>e t ?is disposition ( ! figures displeases ! critics2 yet x gives v>iety 9 ! position ( s _m figures1 & introduces a great di/ance betwe5 ! ne>e/ & mo/ remote1 by :i* ! space seems augm5t$1 & e figure produces effect4 ,! be/ collections are n defici5t 9 8 ,holy ,families4 ,! ,m>quis ,r9ucc9i1 at ,flor5ce1 possesses two2 & "s ( ! illu/ri\s ,romans h ev5 a great] numb]2 b all diff]5t1 except t ! features ( ! ,virg91 :i* ,&rea usually copi$ f 8 wife1 h always "s resemblance4 ,_m o!rs may be se5 9 ,rome & 9 ,flor5ce1 & n a few 9 ,lomb>dy1 besides ^? notic$ 9 ! catalogues ( =eign nations4 ,s mu* g5ius m]it$ success3 & yet if "o 0 to write a book on ! mis=tunes ( pa9t]s1 z has already be5 done on ^? ( au?ors1 no?+ w\ld awak5 m compassion ?an ! lot ( ,&rea4 ,! pov]ty ( ,correggio is exagg]at$1 or p]haps untrue2 ! mis]y ( ,dom5i*9o _h a t]m9ation2 ! ,c>acci 7 ill rew>d$1 b liv$ 9 easy circum/ances4 ,&rea1 f 8 m>riage ) ,lucrezia del ,f$e until 8 dea?1 0 almo/ always press$ ) griefs4 ,9 8 fir/ edition1 ,vas>i says1 t he 0 despis$ by 8 fri5ds1 & ab&on$ by 8 employ]s1 f ! "t ( 8 m>riage ) ?is woman2 t1 ! slave ( h] w1 he left 8 fa!r & "m to />ve2 t ?r\gh h] arrogance & viol5ce none ( ! s*ol>s ( ,&rea c\ld cont9ue long ) him2 & ?is mu/ h happ5$ to ,vas>i himself4 ,9 ! second edition he omitt$ ?is c5sure1 ei!r because he rep5t$ ( x1 or 0 appeas$2 b did n1 h[ev]1 conceal t %e 0 a p]petual s\rce ( mis=tune to h] husb&4 ,he !re repeat$ t ,&rea 0 invit$ to ! ,fr5* c\rt by ,francis ,i4 :]e1 c>ess$ & rew>d$1 he might h excit$ ! envy ( e arti/2 b influ5c$ by ! womani% compla9ts ( ,lucrezia1 he return$ to ,flor5ce2 & rema9$ 9 8 own c\ntry1 9 violation ( 8 fai? solemnly pl$g$ to t mon>*4 ,he aft]w>ds rep5t$ & 0 anxi\s to rega9 8 =m] situation2 b 8 ef=ts 7 ineffectual4 ,he dragg$ out a mis]able exi/5ce1 amid jeal\sy & dome/ic wret*$ness1 until1 infect$ ) ! plague1 & ab&on$ by 8 wife & e o!r individual1 he di$1 9 #aecj1 9 ! =ty-second ye> ( 8 age1 & _h a v mean fun]al4 ,! two :o approximat$ mo/ ne>ly to ! /yle ( ,&rea 7 ,m>co ,antonio ,francia ,bigi1 z he is nam$ by ,bald9ucci1 call$ also ,franciabigio1 or ,francia1 z ,vas>i d5om9ates him1 & ,pontormo4 ,francia 0 ! s*ol> ( ,alb]t9elli = a few mon?s1 & !n appe>s to h =m$ himself on ! be/ models ( ! s*ool2 & few are comm5d$ s highly by ,vas>i = a k ( anatomy1 = p]spective1 = ! daily habit ( draw+ ! nak$ figure1 & ! exquisite f9i% ( all 8 p]=mances4 ,"o ( 8 ,annunciations 0 =m]ly 9 ,s4 ,pi] ,maggiore2 ! figures 7 small & highly f9i%$1 accompani$ by good ar*itecture1 b n )\t a c]ta9 degree ( dryness4 ,&rea1 8 fri5d1 & ! associate ( 8 /udies1 help$ him to a m elevat$ /yle4 ,f a companion ,francia became 8 en?usia/ic foll[]2 b1 inf]ior 9 tal5ts1 he nev] atta9$ ! art ( repres5t+ su* sweetness ( disposition1 affection s true1 & grace s natural4 ,a semicircul> piece ( 81 repres5t+ ! ,m>riage ( ! ,virg91 may be se5 ne> ! works ( ,&rea1 9 ! cloi/] ( ! ,nunziata1 :]e we recognize him z a pa9t] :o s\ght to atta9 by lab\r :at ! o!r accompli%$ by g5ius4 ,?is "w 0 nev] complet$4 ,"s ( ! monks hav+ uncov]$ x be=e x 0 f9i%$1 ! arti/ 0 s (f5d$ t he /ruck ! "w "s bl[s ) a hamm]1 9 ord] to deface x2 & ?\gh !y prev5t$ 8 accompli%+ ?is1 he nev] aft] c\ld be prevail$ on to complete x1 & no o!r d>$ to und]take ! task4 ,he 0 a competitor ) ,&rea also 9 ! ,scalzo1 :]e he execut$ two hi/ories t are n mu* eclips$ by ! pictures 9 _! vic9ity4 ,he imitat$ 8 fri5d likewise at ,poggio a ,caiano1 9 a picture ( ! return ( ,cic]o f exile3 a "w ( m]it1 ?\gh nev] f9i%$4 ,x is ! great glory ( 8 p5cil1 t x 0 s (t5 employ$ 9 cont5d+ ) ,&rea1 9 :om x awak5$ emulation & indu/ry1 f ! fe> ( be+ surpass$4 ,jacopo ,c>rucci1 call$ ,pontormo1 f ! place ( 8 nativity1 0 a man ( r>e g5ius1 ^: e>ly productions obta9$ ! admiration ( ,raffaello & ,mi*elangiolo4 ,he got a few lessons f ,v9ci1 & 0 aft]w>ds "u ! c>e ( ,alb]t9elli1 & ,pi] di ,cosimo1 b he f9ally became ! pupil ( ,&rea4 ,he excit$ ! jeal\sy ( ?is ma/]1 0 induc$ by unh&some treatm5t to )draw f 8 s*ool1 & aft]w>ds became n only ! imitator ( ,&rea1 b 8 rival 9 _m und]tak+s4 ,! ,visitation 9 ! cloi/] ( ! ,s]vi1 ! picture ( sev]al sa9ts at ,s4 ,mi*el9o1 ! two pictures ( ! ,hi/ory ( ,joseph1 repres5t$ 9 m9ute figures1 9 an ap>tm5t ( ! ducal gall]y1 %ew t he trod )\t difficulty 9 ! foot/eps ( 8 ma/]1 & t cong5iality ( tal5t l$ him into a simil> pa?4 ,i use ! t]m simil>2 = he is n a copyi/1 l ^? :o borr[ heads or :ole figures1 b inv>iably reta9s a peculi> orig9ality4 ,i saw "o ( 8 ,holy ,families 9 ! possession ( ! ,m>quis ,c]bone ,pucci1 along ) o!rs by ,baccio1 by ,rosso1 & ,&rea3 ! picture by ,pontormo vi$ ) !m all2 b yet 0 suffici5tly *>act]i/ic4 ,he _h a c]ta9 s+ul>ity ( disposition1 & readily ab&on$ "o /yle to try a bett]2 b he 0 (t5 unsuccessful2 z likewise happ5$ to ,nappi1 ( ,milan2 to ,sac*i1 ( ,rome2 & to e o!r arti/ :o has made ?is attempt1 at an age too f> advanc$ = a *ange ( mann]4 ,! ,c>?usian ,mona/]y at ,flor5ce has "s ( 8 works1 f :i* connoisseurs h inf]r$ ! ?ree /yles attribut$ to him4 ,! fir/ is correct 9 design1 vigor\s 9 col\r+1 & approa*es ! mann] ( ,&rea4 ,9 ! second ! draw+ is good1 b ! col\r+ some:at languid2 & ?is /yle became ! model = ,bronz9o & ! arti/s ( ! succe$+ epo*4 ,! ?ird is a close imitation ( ,alb]t ,dur]1 n only 9 ! composition b 9 ! heads & drap]ies2 a mann] c]ta9ly unwor?y ( s promis+ an outset4 ,x is difficult to f9d specim5s ( ,pontormo 9 ?is /yle1 except "s hi/ories ( ! ,passion1 :i* he s]vilely copi$ f ! pr9ts ( ,alb]t ,dur]1 = ! cloi/] ( t mona/]y1 :]e he trifl$ away sev]al ye>s4 ,we might p]haps notice a f\r? mann]1 if ! ,deluge & ,la/ ,judgm5t1 on :i* he sp5t elev5 ye>s at ,s4 ,lor5zo1 _h /ill exi/$3 b ?is 8 la/ p]=mance1 ) ! tacit cons5t ( e arti/1 0 :itewa%$4 ,"h he attempt$ to imitate ,mi*elangiolo1 & l him to af=d a model ( ! anatomical /yle1 :i* at ?is "t began to be extoll$ at ,flor5ce above e o!r3 b he taught u a diff]5t lesson1 & only succe$$ 9 demon/rat+ t an old man ought n to become ! vot>y ( fa%ion4 ,&rea pursu$ ! cu/om ( ,raffaello & o!r arti/s ( t age1 9 conduct+ 8 works ) ! assi/ance ( pa9t]s exp]i5c$ 9 8 /yle1 :e!r !y 7 fri5ds or s*ol>s2 a rem>k n useless to ^? :o may trace 9 8 pictures ! lab\rs ( ano!r p5cil4 ,x is kn[n t he gave ,pontormo "s pieces to f9i%1 & t he reta9$ "o ,jacone1 & a ,dom5ico ,puligo2 two individuals :o possess$ a natural turn = pa9t+1 ready & will+ to try e species ( imitation1 & m desir\s ( recreation ?an ( fame4 ,! facade ( ! ,buondelmonte ,palace1 at ,s4 ,tr9ita1 by ! =m]1 0 highly extoll$4 ,x 0 9 *i>oscuro2 ! draw+1 9 :i* dep>tm5t he excell$1 0 v beautiful1 & ! :ole conduct$ 9 ! mann] ( ,&rea4 ,he also execut$ "s oil pictures at ,cortona1 :i* are mu* comm5d$ by ,vas>i4 ,dom5ico ,puligo 0 less skill$ 9 design ?an 9 col\r+3 8 t9ts 7 sweet1 h>moni\s1 & cle>1 b he app>5tly aim$ at cov]+ ! outl9e1 to relieve him f ! necessity ( p]fect accuracy4 ,by ?is m>k he is sometimes recogniz$ 9 ,madonnas & 9 cab9et pictures1 78 usual occupation7 :i* hav+ be5 p]haps design$ by ,&rea1 at fir/ sight pass = ! "w ( t ma/]4 ,dom5ico ,conti 0 likewise v intimate ) ,&rea1 0 8 s*ol> & ! heir to 8 draw+s2 & t great arti/ 0 hon\r$ ) a tomb & epitaph design$ by ,conti1 9 ! vic9ity ( 8 own immortal works 9 ! ,nunziata4 ,except+ ?is circum/ance1 ,vas>i notices no?+ praisewor?y 9 ,conti1 & !re=e ,i %all take no m notice ( him4 ,he gives a m fav\rable op9ion ( ,pi]francesco di ,jacopo di ,s&ro1 on acc\nt ( 8 ?ree pictures 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,spirito4 ,he makes hon\rable m5tion ( two o!r arti/s1 :o liv$ long 9 ,france1 viz4 ,nannoccio & ,&rea ,squazzella1 :o always reta9$ a simil>ity to ! /yle ( ,&rea del ,s>to4 ,x is n our pres5t bus9ess to notice ^? :o ab&on$ x2 = 9 ?is "w x is my wi% to keep sight r ( ! diff]5t /yles ?an ( ! ma/]s4 ,! f9e copies t s (t5 pass = orig9als1 9 ,flor5ce & o!r places1 are *iefly ! "w ( ! above m5tion$ arti/s2 nor does x seem cr$ible t ,&rea copi$ s closely 8 own inv5tions1 & r$uc$ !m ) 8 own h& f ! great scale to small dim5sions4 ,i h se5 "o ( 8 ,holy ,families1 9 :i* ,s4 ,elizabe? appe>s1 9 t5 or twelve collections2 & o!r pictures 9 ?ree or f\r private h\ses4 ,i f\nd ! ,s4 ,lor5zo surr\nd$ by o!r sa9ts1 at ! ,pitti ,palace1 9 ! ,albani gall]y2 ! ,visitation1 9 ! ,giu/9iani palace2 ! ,bir? ( our ,lady1 9 ! conv5t ( ! ,s]vi1 9 ! possession ( ,sig4 ,pirri1 at ,rome3 all ^! are beautiful little pictures1 all on small panels1 all ( ! old s*ool1 & all believ$ ! "w ( ,&rea4 ,x seems to me n improbable t ! be/ ( ^! 7 at lea/ pa9t$ 9 8 /udio1 & ret\*$ by him1 a practice adopt$ by ,tiziano1 & ev5 by ,raffaello4 ,rosso1 :o cont5d$ 9 ! cloi/]s ( ! ,nunziata1 ) ! be/ ma/]s1 & :o appe>s 9 8 ,assumption to h aim$ at a "w n s mu* sup]ior 9 beauty z 9 size to ! productions ( ! o!r arti/s1 is among ! greate/ pa9t]s ( 8 s*ool4 ,end[$ ) a creative fancy1 he disda9$ to foll[ any ( 8 c\ntrym5 or /rang]s2 & inde$ "o recognizes mu* orig9ality 9 8 /yle3 8 heads are m spirit$1 8 head dresses & ornam5ts are m ta/eful1 8 col\r+ m lively1 8 di/ribution ( light & %ade broad]1 & 8 p5cill+ m firm & free1 ?an _h be5 hi!rto se5 9 ,flor5ce4 ,he appe>s 9 %ort to h introduc$ into t s*ool a peculi> _s1 t w\ld h be5 unexceptionable1 _h x n be5 m+l$ ) some?+ ( extravagance4 ,?us1 9 ! ,transfiguration at ,citta di ,ca/ello1 in/ead ( ! ,apo/les he introduc$ a b& ( gypsies at ! bottom ( ! picture4 ,8 picture 9 ! ,pitti palace1 h[ev]1 is f> remov$ f any su* fault4 ,x exhibits v>i\s sa9ts1 gr\p$ 9 s excell5t a mann]1 t ! *i>oscuro ( "o figure contributes to ! relief ( ano!r2 & x has su* beautiful contra/s ( col\r & ( light1 su* en]gy ( draw+ & ( attitude1 t x arre/s att5tion by its orig9ality4 ,he likewise pa9t$ = ! ,/ate3 an unf9i%$ ,desc5t f ! ,cross may be se5 9 ! oratory ( ,s4 ,c>lo1 9 ,volt]ra2 & ano!r 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,*i>a at ,citta ,s4 ,sepolcro2 9 ! ca!dral ( :i* !re are _m old pictures4 ,its great m]it consi/s 9 ! pr9cipal gr\p1 & t twilight1 or almo/ nocturnal t9t1 t gives a tone to ! :ole piece1 sombre1 true1 & wor?y ( any ,flemi% arti/4 ,! works ( ?is pa9t] are v sc>ce 9 ,italy2 = he w5t to ,france into ! employm5t ( ,francis ,i4 dur+ 8 be/ "t1 & sup]9t5d$ ! ornam5tal pa9t+ & pla/] "w !n go+ on at ,fonta9ebleau4 ,:il/ engag$ 9 ?is "w1 he unhappily put an end to 8 exi/5ce by poison2 & 9 ! enl>gem5t ( ! build+ _m ( 8 works 7 defac$ by ,primaticcio1 :o 0 a rival1 b n a foll[]1 z is pret5d$ by ,cell9i4#aga ,?irte5 pictures1 d$icat$ to ! fame & actions ( ,francis ,i4 h escap$1 & are describ$ by ,abbe ,guget1 9 8 ,memoir on ! ,royal ,academy ( ,france4#agb ,among ^! is ! rem>kable "o ( ,ignorance ,bani%$ by t mon>*2 a picture t has be5 ?ree diff]5t times engrav$4 ,he 0 assi/$ 9 ^? works by sev]al arti/s1 among/ :om 7 ?ree ,flor5t9e pa9t]s1 ,dom5ico del ,b>bi]i1 ,b>tolommeo ,m9iati1 & ,luca ,p5ni1 ! bro!r ( t ,gianfrancesco1 call$ ,il ,fattore 9 ! s*ool ( ,raffaello4 ,ridolfo di ,dom5ico ,ghirl&aio lo/ 8 fa!r 9 8 infancy2 b 0 s well initiat$ 9 ! art1 fir/ by 8 pat]nal uncle ,davide1 & aft]w>ds by ,frate1 t :5 ,raffaello d',urb9o came to ,flor5ce1 he became 8 admir] & 8 fri5d4 ,on 8 dep>ture f t city he left ) him a ,madonna1 int5d$ = ,si5a1 t x might be complet$ by him2 & hav+ soon aft] gone to ,rome1 he invit$ him to assi/ 9 ! decorations ( ! ,vatican4 ,ridolfo decl9$ ?is1 un=tunately = 8 own "n1 :i* might ?us h rivall$ t ( ,giulio ,romano4 ,he und\bt$ly possess$ a facility1 elegance1 & vivacity ( mann]1 to enable him to foll[ closely ! /yle ( 8 fri5d4 ,t he 0 ambiti\s ( imitat+ him1 may be inf]r$ f ! pictures 9 8 e>ly mann]1 pres]v$ 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,jacopo di ,ripoli1 & ,s4 ,girolamo1 t be> "s resemblance to ! mann] ( ,p]ug9o1 l ! e>ly productions ( ,raffaello4 ,8 ta/e is display$ to m advantage 9 two pictures1 fill$ ) _m mod]ate siz$ figures1 :i* 7 transf]r$ f ! ,academy ( ,design to ! ,royal ,gall]y4 ,!y repres5t two /ories ( ,s4 ,z5obi1 & p]haps approa* ne>] to ! two pictures by ,p9turic*io1 9 ! ca!dral ( ,si5a1 t 7 pa9t$ "u ! direction1 & p>tly by ! assi/ance ( ,raffaello1 ?an to any o!r model2 ) ?is exception1 t !y reta9 m traces ( ! old s*ool4 ,we may rem>k1 9 ! pictures ( ,ridolfo1 "s figures /rik+ly l ^? ( ,raffaello2 & 9 ! :ole !re appe>s a composition1 an expression1 & skill 9 improv+ nature to ! /&>d ( ideal beauty1 app>5tly proce$+ f pr9ciples con=mable to ! maxims ( t great ma/]4 ,t he did n aft]w>ds p]fect !m1 is to be attribut$ to 8 n hav+ se5 ! be/ productions ( 8 fri5d1 & to 8 /udy ( ! art hav+ be5 ret>d$ by 8 comm]cial pursuits4 ,on mod]niz+ 8 mann]1 & by ?is means obta9+ reputation1 he aim$ at no?+ fur!r2 & cont9u$ to /udy pa9t+ r z an amusem5t1 ?an z a pr(ession4 ,he assembl$ r\nd him arti/s ( e description1 & disda9$ n to imp>t advice to pa9t]s ( ensigns1 ( furniture1 or ( sc5es2 /ill less to ^? :o execut$ pictures = cab9ets or *ur*es4 ,_m su* :o fl\ri%$ ab\t ! middle ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 are m5tion$ 9 hi/ory ei!r z 8 pupils1 or 8 companions4 ,! foll[+ is a brief catalogue ( !m4 ,mi*ele di ,ridolfo assum$ 8 "n2 because1 on pass+ f ! s*ools ( ,cr$i & ,sogliani into t ( ,ridolfo1 he 0 treat$ n s mu* z a companion z a son1 till ! dea? ( ,ghirl&aio4 ,!y pa9t$ _m pictures conjo9tly1 :i* always pass "u _! "n2 & ( ?is numb] is ! ,s4 ,anne ( ,citta di ,ca/ello2 an exquisite picture1 bo? = elegance ( design1 & a peculi> fulness ( col\r+4 ,mi*ele 0 p>ticul>ly em95t 9 ?is dep>tm5t1 :i* he dilig5tly /udi$ 9 8 own works1 & employ$ 9 8 fresco pictures ov] sev]al ( ! gates ( ! city2 & he 0 select$ by ,vas>i z ! companion ( 8 lab\rs4 ,m>iano da ,pescia mu/ h be5 mu* e/eem$ by ,ridolfo2 = :5 ?is ma/] pa9t$ ! frescos 9 ! ,/ate ,*apel ( ! ,old ,palace1 a "w :i* ga9$ him high hon\r1 he wi%$ ! small] pieces to be pa9t$ by ,m>iano4 ,!re is a ,holy ,family 9 t place1 9 a firm b agreeable /yle3 x is ! only rema9+ production ( ?is arti/1 :o di$ "y4 ,he 0 ( ! ,gratiadei family2 a piece ( in=mation = :i*1 ) v>i\s o!rs1 ,i am indebt$ to ! polit5ess ( 8 fell[ citiz5 ,sig4 ,innoc5zio ,ansaldi1 an able writ]1 bo? 9 poetry & prose1 9 :atev] relates to ! art4 ,c>lo ,portelli da ,loro 9 ,vald>no1 proce$$ f ! same s*ool4 ,he pa9t$ mu* 9 ! ,city1 & sometimes ) little h>mony3 yet ! te/imony ( ,vas>i1 & ! picture ( ,s4 ,romulus1 :i* rema9s at ! ,santa1 demon/rate 8 ability z an arti/4 ,( ,antonio del ,c]aiuolo1 little rema9s to commemorate ! pa9t] b ! "n4 ,mirabello da ,sal9corno1 :o 0 employ$ on ! fun]al obsequies ( ,bon>ruoti1 devot$ himself to cab9et pictures2 & an ,annunciation1 ) 8 "n1 & ! date ( #aefe1 is said to be 9 ! h&s ( ! ,baldov9etti family4 ,x w\ld be tiresome to foll[ ,vas>i1 :o1 9 sev]al passages ( 8 hi/ory1 m5tions arti/s n[ sunk into oblivion1 t might h f\nd a place "h4 ,i close ! li/ ) two illu/ri\s names1 ,p]9o del ,vaga1 already notic$1 b aft]w>ds to be m frequ5tly m5tion$2 & ,toto del ,nunziata1 reckon$ by ! ,engli% ! be/ ( ! ,italian arti/s1 :o1 9 t c5tury visit$ _! isl&2 ?\gh almo/ unkn[n among u4#agc ,he 0 ! son ( an obscure arti/1 b obta9$ celebrity2 & ,p]9o himself _h n a m =midable rival 9 ! s*ool ( ,ridolfo4 ,?is glori\s epo* 0 n defici5t 9 good l&scape pa9t]s2 al?\gh ! art ( l&scape pa9t+ )\t figures 0 n yet 9 great repute4 ,vas>i highly praises 9 ?is l9e "o ,antonio di ,donn9o ,mazzi]i1 a s*ol> ( ,franciabigio1 a bold design]1 & a man ( great inv5tion 9 repres5t+ horses1 & 9 l&scape4 ,! grotesque came into fa%ion ?r\gh ! ef=ts ( ,morto da ,feltro1 & ,giovanni da ,ud9e4 ,bo? arti/s 7 settl$ at ,flor5ce1 & !re pa9t$2 especially ! second1 :o decorat$ ! palace ( ! ,m$icean family1 & ! *apel 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,lor5zo4 ,&rea1 call$ di ,cosimo1 because he 0 ! s*ol> ( ,rosselli1 le>nt ?is art f ,morto1#agd & he obta9$ ! surname ( ,feltr9i1 or p]haps ,feltr9o1 f 8 be/ kn[n ma/]4 ,he ex]cis$ ! inv5tion n only on walls b on furniture1 on bann]s & fe/ive decorations3 ab\nd+ 9 fancy1 he 0 ! lead] ( a ta/e orig9at+ ) him1 & mu* imitat$ 9 ,flor5ce4 ,8 ornam5ts 7 m copi\s & ri* ?an ^? ( ! anci5ts2 7 unit$ 9 a diff]5t mann]1 & 8 figures 7 admirably adapt$ to !m4 ,m>iotto & ,raffaello ,mettidoro 7 8 associates2 b no arti/ 0 m employ$ ?an he 9 design+ foliage = brocades on clo?1 or 9 ornam5tal pa9t+4 ,pi] di ,cosimo1 & ,ba*iacca1 or ,ba*icca1 7 v em95t 9 ! grotesque2 ( :om1 ) o!rs :o began ! /udy ab\t ! end ( ! fir/ ,epo*1 ,i h already treat$1 among ! old ma/]s3 b none ( !m mod]niz$ m ?an ! latt]1 :o 0 usually employ$ on small subjects1 p>ticul>ly on ! furniture ( private h\ses1 & on small pictures1 _m ( :i* 7 s5t to ,engl&4 ,ab\t ! "t ( 8 decease he 0 employ$ by ! ,duke ,cosmo4 ,he drew mo/ elegant small hi/orical designs = tape/ry & b$s1 :i* 7 execut$ by 8 bro!r ,antonio1 an embroid]] :om ,v>*i comm5ds2 & by ,gio4 ,rossi1 & ,niccolo ,fiamm+hi1 :o introduc$ ! art ( tape/ry weav+ into ,flor5ce4#age ,8 be/ "w 0 a cab9et1 :i* he ornam5t$ div9ely1 says ,vas>i1 ) fl[]s & birds 9 oil col\rs4 ,p]spective 0 n cultivat$ 9 ,italy dur+ ! #ae? c5tury1 except s f> z subs]vi5t to hi/orical pa9t+1 & 9 ?is dep>tm5t ! ,v5etian & ,lomb>d ma/]s 7 no less em95t ?an ^? ( ,flor5ce or ( ,rome4 ,aft] ?is p]iod1 arti/s began to repres5t ar*es1 colonnades1 porticos1 & e o!r k9d ( ar*itecture1 9 pictures appropriat$ to su* subjects1 to ! great ornam5t ( ! !atres1 & ( religi\s & convivial fe/ivities4 ,"o ( ! fir/ :o devot$ himself to ?is /udy 0 ,ba/iano di ,sangallo1 ! nephew ( ,giuliano1 & ( ,antonio1 & ! bro!r ( ano!r ,antonio1 all ( :om 7 em95t 9 ar*itecture4 ,he got ! surname ( ,ari/otile1 f 8 disquisitions on anatomy1 or on p]spective1 accompani$ by a c]ta9 philosophic au?ority & +5uity4 ,he acquir$ ! pr9ciples ( 8 art f ,pietro ,p]ug9o1 b he soon ab&on$ 8 s*ool1 to adopt a m mod]n /yle4 ,he ex]cis$ himself = sev]al ye>s 9 pa9t+ figures2 he copi$ "s subjects aft] 8 fri5ds ,mi*elangiolo & ,raffaello2 & aid$ by ! advice ( ,&rea & ,ridolfo1 he produc$ n a few ,madonnas & o!r pictures ( 8 own composition3 b n possess+ inv5tion 9 an em95t degree he latt]ly d$icat$ 8 att5tion :olly to p]spective1 9 :i* he 0 initiat$ by ,bramante2 & ex]cis$ x dur+ ?is epo*1 :5 ,flor5ce ab\nd$ ) gr& fun]al obsequies1 & public fe/ivities4 ,( ^!1 ! mo/ memorable 7 ^? in/itut$ on ! election ( ,leo ,x4 9 #aeac1 & on 8 visit to ,flor5ce 9 #aeae4 ,he _h 9 8 tra9 ,mi*elangiolo1 ,raffaello1 & o!r pr(essors ( ! art1 to delib]ate conc]n+ ! facade ( ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,lor5zo1 & o!r works :i* he m$itat$4 ,8 c\rt add$ pomp to e spectacle2 & ,flor5ce became1 z x 71 a new city4 ,ar*es 7 erect$ 9 ! /reets by ,granacci & ,rosso2 temples or new facades 7 design$ by ,antonio da ,san ,gallo1 & ,jacopo ,sansov9o2 *i>oscuros 7 prep>$ by ,&rea del ,s>to2 grotesques by ,feltr9o2 basso-relievos1 /atues1 & colossal figures1 by ,sansov9o above m5tion$1 by ,ru/ici1 & ,b&9elli2 ,ghirl&aio1 ,pontormo1 ,franciabigio1 & ,ub]t9i1 adorn$ ) exquisite ta/e ! resid5ce ( ! pontiff4 ,i say no?+ ( ! mean] arti/s1 al?\gh 9 ano!r age ev5 ^! w\ld n h be5 class$ ) ! vulg> h]d1 b h obta9$ di/9ction3 ,i %all cont5t myself ) obs]v+ t ?is emulation ( g5ius1 ?is display ( ! f9e arts1 9 %ort ?is auspici\s p]iod1 suffic$ to conf] on ,flor5ce ! la/+ appellation ( ano!r ,a!ns2 on ,leo ! "n ( ano!r ,p]icles or ,augu/us4 ,spectacles ( ?is sort became aft]w>ds m common to ! citiz5s2 = ! ,m$ici1 on comm5c+ _! dom9ation ov] a p :om !y fe>$1 affect$ popul>ity1 l ! ,roman ,caes>s1 by promot+ public hil>ity4 ,h5ce1 n only on extraord9>y occasions1 su* z ! elevation ( ,clem5t ,,vii4 to ! papal *air1 ( ,alex&]1 & ( ,cosmo to ! *ief magi/racy ( _! c\ntry1 on ! m>riage ( ! latt]1 on t ( ,giuliano & ( ,lor5zo de' ,m$ici1 & on ! arrival ( ,*>les ,v42 n only on su* occasions1 b frequ5tly at o!r times1 !y in/itut$ t\rnam5ts1 masqu]ades1 & repres5tations1 ( :i* ! decorations 7 magnific5t1 su* z c>s1 robes1 & sc5]y4 ,9 ?is improv$ /ate ( e ?+ conducive to exquisite embelli%m5t1 indu/ry became excit$1 & ! numb] ( pa9t]s & ornam5tal arti/s increas$4 ,ari/otile1 to return to him1 0 always mu* employ$2 8 p]spectives 7 9 great reque/ 9 public places2 8 sc5es 9 ! !atre3 ! populace1 unaccu/om$ to ^? ocul> deceptions1 7 a/oni%$2 & x seem$ to !m z if !y c\ld asc5d ! /eps1 ent] ! edifices1 & approa* ! balconies & w9d[s 9 ! pictures4 ,! long life ( ,ari/otile1 coeval ) ! be/ epo* ( pa9t+1 p]mitt$ him to s]ve ! rul+ family & 8 c\ntry1 until 8 old age1 :5 ,salviati & ,bronz9o began to be pref]r$ to him4 ,he di$ 9 #aeea4 ,:ile ! city ( ,flor5ce acquir$ s mu* glory by ! g5ius ( h] arti/s1 ! o!r p>ts ( ! /ate af=d$ mat]ials = future hi/ory1 *iefly ?r\gh ! assi/ance ( ! ,roman s*ool4 ,?is happ5$ m especially aft] #aebg1 :5 ! sack ( ,rome disp]s$ ! s*ool ( ,raffaello & its "y bran*es4 ,giulio ,romano tra9$ ,b5$etto ,pagni at ,pescia1 :o ought to be notic$ among ! assi/ants ( 8 ma/] at ,mantua4 ,if we cr$it "s late writ]s1 8 native place possesses _m ( 8 works3 b ,i acquiesce 9 ! op9ion ( ,sig4 ,ansaldi1 9 refus+ to admit any ( !m z g5u9e1 except ! facade ( ! habitation ( ! ,pagni family1 n[ injur$ by "t1 & ! picture ( ! ,m>riage ( ,cana 9 ! ,collegiate *ur*1 :i* is n 8 be/ production4 ,pi/oia is indebt$ to ,gio4 ,francesco ,p5ni1 or p]haps to ,fattore1 = a respectable s*ol>3 ?is 0 ,lion>do1 an arti/ mu* employ$ 9 ,naples & 9 ,rome1 :]e he 0 nam$ ,il ,pi/oia4 ,i f9d him surnam$ ,malate/a by "s1 ,guelfo by o!rs2 b ,i suspect t 8 true family "n is to be collect$ f an inscription on an ,annunciation 9 ! little *apel ( ! canons ( ,lucca1 :i* runs ?us1 ,leon>dus ,gratia ,pi/ori5sis4 ,i am indebt$ to ,sig4 ,t4 ,f4 ,b]n>di above m5tion$ = ?is fact3 & ! picture is wor?y ( a desc5dant ( ,raffaello4 ,i d n "k t !re is a s+le trace ( ,lion>do rema9+ 9 8 native place3 at ! village ( ,guidi1 9 ! diocese ( ,pi/oia1 "o ( 8 pictures is to be se5 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,pet]1 :]e ! titul>1 & ?ree o!r sa9ts1 /& ar\nd ! ?rone ( ! ,virg94#agf ,seba/iano ,v9i came f ,v]ona1 9 ,i "k n :at ye> ( ! #af? c5tury1 & 0 enroll$ among ! citiz5s ( ,pi/oia4 ,8 reputation & 8 pictures did hon\r to ! c\ntry t adopt$ him4 ,he left _m works bo? 9 oil & fresco2 b 8 mo/ extraord9>y production 0 9 ! suppress$ *ur* ( ,s4 ,desid]io4 ,! facade ov] ! great alt> 0 /ori$ ) ! crucifixion ( ! t5 ?\s& m>tyrs1 a "w ab\nd+ 9 figures & inv5tion4 ,i h notic$ ! y\ng] ,zac*ia ( ,lucca1 :o belongs to ?is epo*1 9 ! prec$+ "o1 t ,i might n sep>ate ! fa!r & ! son4 ,i am unable to f9d any o!r arti/s suffici5tly wor?y ( record 9 ?is di/rict ( ,tuscany4 ,on ! opposite side ( x we may turn our eyes to ,cortona1 & notice two good arti/s4 ,! "o 0 ,francesco ,signorelli1 ! nephew ( ,luca1 :o1 ?\gh unnotic$ by ,vas>i1 %[s himself a pa9t] wor?y ( praise1 by a circul> picture ( ! patron sa9ts ( ! city1 :i* 0 execut$ = ! c\ncil hall1 9 #acbj2 aft] :i* p]iod he liv$ at lea/ =ty ye>s4 ,! o!r 0 ,tommaso ,pap>ello1 or ,papacello1 bo? :i* names are giv5 him by ,vas>i1 :5 writ+ ( 8 two ma/]s1 ,caporali & ,giulio ,romano4 ,he assi/$ !m bo?1 b ,i c discov] no trace ( any "w :olly 8 own4 ,borgo1 aft]w>ds nam$ ,citta ,san ,sepolcro1 c\ld !n boa/ its ,raffaello1 commonly call$ ,raffaell9o dal ,colle1 born at a small place a few miles f ,borgo4 ,he is reckon$ among ! disciples ( ,raffaello2 b r belongs to ! s*ool ( ,giulio1 ^: pupil1 dep5dant1 or assi/ant 9 8 lab\rs at ,rome1 & 9 ! ,te at ,mantua1 he is consid]$ by ,vas>i4 ,x is s+ul> t he did n write a sep>ate life ( ?is arti/2 b assigns him scanty praise 9 a few scatt]$ anecdotes4 ,8 m]it is b little kn[n to ! public1 z he pa9t$ = ! mo/ "p 9 8 native place1 or ! neighb\r+ cities2 & ,i am able to add to ! catalogue ( 8 pictures f hav+ se5 !m4 ,he has two pictures at ,citta ,san ,sepolcro1 8 only works specifi$ by ,vas>i4 ,"o repres5ts ! resurrection ( our ,savi\r1 :o1 full ( maje/y1 reg>ds ! soldi]s ar\nd ! sepul*re ) an air ( displeasure1 :i* fills !m ) t]ror4 ,?is v spirit$ picture is 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,s4 ,rocco1 & is repeat$ 9 ! ca!dral4 ,! o!r1 :i* is 9 ! ,oss]vanti ( ,s4 ,francis1 repres5ts ! ,assumption ( ! ,virg92 a piece agreeable bo? 9 col\r+ & design1 b its value is dim9i%$ by a figure ,i am unable to expla91 drawn at "o side ( x by ano!r h&4 ,! same subject is treat$ 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,conv5tual fri>s1 at ,citta di ,ca/ello1 :]e great beauty is jo9$ to ! highe/ possible f9i%1 b x loses some?+ ( its effect by /&+ opposite to a f9e picture by ,vas>i1 :i* ?r[s x /rongly into ! %ade4 ,an entomb+ ( ,*ri/ by ,raffaell9o1 is 9 ! ,s]vi2 a v beautiful picture1 b ! col\r+ is less firm2 & !re is ano!r ( 8 works at ,s4 ,angelo ) ,s4 ,mi*ael1 & ,s4 ,seba/ian1 :o humbly pres5ts an arr[1 a type ( 8 m>tyrdom1 to ! infant ,jesus & ! ,virg94 ,9 ?is ! composition is simple b graceful 9 e "p4 ,a picture ( our ,lady1 ) ,s4 ,seba/ian1 ,s4 ,rocco1 & a canoniz$ bi%op1 pa9t$ 9 a simil> /yle1 is to be se5 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,francis ( ,cagli2 9 x ! figures & ! l&scape mu* resemble ! mann] ( ,raffaello4 ,8 ,apo/les 9 ! sacri/y ( ! ca!dral ( ,urb9o are noble figures1 drap$ 9 a gr& /yle1 9 small oblong pictures1 firmly col\r$4 ,! ,olivet monks ( ,gubbio h 9 "o ( _! *apels a ,nativity by ,raffaell9o1 & two pieces f ! hi/ory ( ,s4 ,b5$ict1 pa9t$ 9 fresco1 9 :i* he 01 ,i believe1 assi/$ by 8 s*ol>s4 ,! =m] is c]ta9ly sup]ior to ! two la/1 al?\gh he has introduc$ 9 !m real portraits1 f9ely conceiv$ ar*itecture1 & add$ a figure ( ,virtue 9 ! upp] "p1 t seems a si/] ( ! ,sybils ( ,raffaello4 ,he also pa9t$1 9 ! ca/le ( ,p]ugia1 & 9 ! ,imp]iale ( ,pes>o1 a villa ( ! duke ( ,urb9o1 to :om he af=d$ m satisfaction ?an ! two ,dossi4 ,aft] hav+ assi/$ ,raffaello & ,giulio1 he disda9$ n to pa9t aft] ! designs ( less em95t arti/s4 ,on ! arrival ( ,*>les ,v4 at ,flor5ce1 9 #aecf1 he assi/$ ,vas>i1 :o 0 "o ( ! decorators2 & he pa9t$ c>toons aft] ! designs ( ,bronz9o1 = ! tape/ry ( ,cosmo ,i42 aft] :i* p]iod ,i d n f9d him m5tion$4 ,ano!r in/ance ( 8 diffid5ce is ! foll[+3 on ! arrival ( ,rosso at ,san ,sepolcro1 ,raffaell9o1 out ( respect to t arti/1 gave up to him an ord] = a picture :i* he 0 to h execut$2 a r>e in/ance among pa9t]s1 :o are 9 ! habit ( us+ k9dly ^? arti/s only1 :o come m]ely to see a city1 & imm$iately leave x4 ,he kept a s*ool at ,san ,sepolcro1 :5ce proce$$ ,gh]>di1 ,vec*i1 & o!r arti/s1 "s ( :om1 p]haps1 surpass$ him 9 g5ius2 b !y did n equal him 9 grace1 nor 9 high f9i%4 ,ab\t ?is "t _m arti/s fl\ri%$ 9 ,arezzo1 b ( ^! two only are prais$ by ,vas>i1 :o is n sp>+ 9 8 comm5dations ( ! ,flor5t9es1 z ,i h rem>k$1 b deals !m scantily to 8 own t[nsm54 ,giovanni ,antonio1 ! son ( ,matteo ,lappoli1 0 ! s*ol> ( ,pontormo1 & ! fri5d ( ,p]9o & ( ,rosso1 ) :om he liv$ 9 ,tuscany1 & ^: /yle he emulat$ 9 ,rome4 ,he 0 m employ$ 9 pa9t+ = private h\ses ?an = *ur*es4 ,guglielmo1 surnam$ ,da ,m>cilla1 by ,vas>i1 a =eign] by bir?1 became a citiz5 ( ,arezzo f incl9ation & long resid5ce2 he 0 de> to ! citiz5s1 :o af=d$ him ! means ( enjoy+ life1 & grateful to ! city1 :]e he left mo/ beautiful monum5ts ( 8 g5ius4 ,he _h be5 a ,dom9ican 9 8 own c\ntry2 he became a secul> prie/ on arriv+ 9 ,italy1 & at ,arezzo he 0 call$ ! ,prior4 ,he 0 an excell5t pa9t] on glass1 & on ?is acc\nt1 0 br\ght to ,rome by "o ,claude1 a ,fr5*man1 to execute w9d[s = ,julius ,,ii42 b he also employ$ himself 9 fresco4 ,he /udi$ design 9 ,italy1 & s improv$ 9 t art1 t 8 works at ,rome seem designs ( ! f\rte5? c5tury1 :ile ! ,aret9e ones appe> ! "w ( a mod]n4 ,he pa9t$ "s ceil+s & ar*es 9 ! ca!dral1 ) scriptural subjects 9 fresco4 ,9 design he foll[$ ,mi*elangiolo1 z ne>ly z he c\ld2 b 8 col\r+ 0 n firm4 ,8 pa9t+s on glass are q 9 a diff]5t /yle2 !re1 to v good draw+1 & uncommon expression1 he jo9$ t9ts t p>take ( ! em]ald1 ! ruby1 & ( ori5tal sapphire1 & :i*1 :5 illum9at$ by ! sun1 exhibit all ! brilliance ( ! ra9b[4 ,9 ,arezzo1 !re are s _m w9d[s ( ?is glass at ! ca!dral1 at ,s4 ,francis1 & at _m o!r *ur*es1 t !y might excite ! envy ( mu* l>g] cities4 ,!y are s f9ely wr\ght ) subjects f ! ,new ,te/am5t1 & o!r scriptural hi/ories1 t !y seem to h rea*$ ! p]fection ( ! art4 ,! ,vocation ( ,s4 ,mat!w1 9 a w9d[ ( ! ca!dral1 is highly prais$ by ,vas>i2 x exhibits p]spectives ( temples & flights ( /eps1 figures s f9ely compos$1 l&scapes s well execut$1 t "o c h>dly imag9e !y 7 glass1 b some?+ s5t d[n f ,heav5 = ! delight ( mank9d4 ,?is place & p]iod rem9d me1 t be=e ,i pass on to ano!r epo*1 ,i ought to say a few words conc]n+ ! inv5tion ( pa9t+ on glass1 :i* 0 anci5tly likewise /yl$ ,mosaic1 because x 0 compos$ ( pieces ( diff]5t col\r$ glass1 connect$ by lead1 :i* repres5t$ ! %ad[s4 ,we may obs]ve glass w9d[s t emulate well compos$ pictures on canvass or on panel2 & ?is art is treat$ ( by ,vas>i 9 ! ?irty-second *apt] ( ! introduction to 8 "w4 ,f ! preface to ! treatise ,de omni sci5tia artis p+5di1 by ,!ophilus ! ,monk1 ,i f9d t ,france 0 celebrat$ = ?is art beyond any o!r c\ntry2#agg & !re ! art seems to h be5 inv>iably cultivat$1 & br\ght by degrees to p]fection4 ,f ! e>lie/ ages ( ! revival ( pa9t+1 ! ,italians wr\ght w9d[s ) diff]5t col\r$ glasses1 z is rem>k$ by ,p4 ,angeli 9 8 description ( ! *ur*es ( ,assisi1 :]e ! mo/ anci5t specim5s are to be se54 ,9 ! *ur* likewise ( ! ,franciscan fri>s at ,v5ice1 we f9d t "o ,frat] ,!otonius1 a ,g]man1 work$ 9 tape/ry & glass w9d[s1 & 0 imitat$ by "o ,m>co1 a pa9t]1 :o liv$ 9 ! ye> #acce4agh ,x may also be obs]v$1 t su* w9d[s ov] ! alt>s suppli$ ! place ( sacr$ pa9t+s 9 *ur*es2 ,*ri/ian congregations1 9 lift+ up _! eyes1 !re s\ght ! resemblance ( :at !y hop$ "s "t to behold 9 ! cele/ial p>adise3 *e ancor lassu nel ciel v$]e sp]a1 & !y (t5 address$ _! supplications to ^? images4 ,9 ! fifte5? c5tury ,lor5zo ,ghib]ti1 a man em95t 9 v>i\s arts1 /ill fur!r improv$ ?is1 & ornam5t$ ! oval w9d[s ( ! facade ( ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,francis1 & ( ! ca!dral ( ,flor5ce ) col\r$ glass4 ,9 a simil> mann] he f9i%$ all ! oval ap]tures 9 ! cupola ( ! ca!dral1 except t ( ! ,assumption1 execut$ by ,donatello4 ,! glass 0 manufactur$ at ,flor5ce1 = :i* purpose "o ,dom5ico ,livi1 a native ( ,gambassi1 9 ! pr9cipality ( ,volt]ra1 :o _h le>nt & practis$ ! art at ,lubec1 0 invit$ to t place1 z is prov$ by ,bald9ucci 9 8 correction ( ,vas>i4#agi ,f ?is s*ool app>5tly came ,goro1 & ,b]n>do di ,francesco1 ) t tra9 ( ,+esuati1 ^: workman%ip1 exhibit$ at ,s4 ,lor5zo & else:]e1 has be5 mu* comm5d$ by ! ,flor5t9e hi/orians4 7,see ,mor5i1 "p vi4 p4 #da47 ,?is art aft]w>ds fl\ri%$ at ,arezzo1 :]e x 0 introduc$ by ,p>ri ,sp9elli1 a s*ol> ( ,ghib]ti4 ,ab\t ! same "t fl\ri%$ 9 ,p]ugia ,p4 ,d4 ,francesco1 a monk ( ,cass9o1 n m]ely a pa9t] 9 glass1 b a ma/] 9 t city2 & "s conjecture t ,vannucci pr(it$ by 8 s*ool1 ?\gh a comp>ison ( dates does n mu* fav\r su* a supposition4 ,?is art also fl\ri%$ 9 ,v5ice1 ab\t #adgc1 :]e "o w9d[ 0 execut$ aft] ! design ( ,b>tolommeo ,viv>9i1 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,john & ,s4 ,paul1 & ano!r 0 erect$ at ,murano2 b ! art ( pa9t+ glass c\ld n be unkn[n at ?is la/ place1 :]e x orig9at$4 ,x is true1 t 9 process ( "t ! ,flor5t9e & ,v5etian glass appe>$ to be n suffici5tly transp>5t = su* purposes2 & t a pref]5ce 0 giv5 to t ( ,france & ( ,engl&1 ! cle>ness & transp>5cy ( :i* 0 bett] adapt$ = receiv+ ! col\rs1 )\t too mu* obscur+ ! light4 ,x _h ?is o!r advantage1 t ! col\rs 7 burnt 9 ! glass1 9 ! mann] describ$ by ,vas>i1 in/ead ( be+ laid on ) gums or o!r vehicles2 h5ce !y _h great] brilliancy1 & 7 m capable ( resi/+ ! injuries ( "t4 ,?is 0 a ,flemi%1 or r a ,fr5* inv5tion1 & ! ,italians unque/ionably receiv$ x f ,france4 ,bramante invit$ f t c\ntry ! two arti/s above m5tion$1 :o1 besides ! w9d[s ( ! ,vatican palace1 t 7 wr\ght ) col\rs burnt into ! glass1 & de/roy$ 9 ! sack ( ,rome1 9 ! "t ( ,clem5t ,,vii4 ornam5t$ two 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,m>ia del ,popolo1 ) ^? scriptural hi/ories t yet rema9 p]fectly brilliant 9 col\r1 aft] ! lapse ( ?ree c5turies4 ,soon aft] ?is ,claude di$ at ,rome4 ,william surviv$ him _m ye>s1 & f t "t cont9u$ to reside 9 ,arezzo4 ,he !re 0 engag$ 9 ! s]vice ( ! capital1 :]e "o ( 8 pa9t$ glass w9d[s is pres]v$ 9 ! ,capponi *apel1 at ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,felicita2 & he taught ! art to ,pa/or9o ( ,si5a1 :o ex]cis$ x v skilfully 9 ! /ate saloon ( ! ,vatican1 aft] ! designs ( ,vaga1 & 9 ! ca!dral ( ,si5a4 ,?is arti/ is reckon$ ! be/ s*ol> ( 8 ma/]4 ,maso ,porro1 ,mi*elagnolo ,urbani1 bo? natives ( ,cortona1 & ,bati/a ,borro ( ,arezzo1 7 tra9$ 9 ! same s*ool1 & 7 aft]w>ds employ$ 9 ,tuscany & else:]e4 ,9 ornam5t+ ! old palace1 ,vas>i avail$ himself ( ! assi/ance ( two ,flemi% arti/s1 ,walt] & ,george1 :o wr\ght aft] 8 designs4 ,celebrat$ equal to any arti/ is ,val]io ,pr(ondavalle ( ,l\va91 :o settl$ at ,milan aft] ! middle ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 a man ( f]tile inv5tion1 & a pleas+ col\ri/ 9 fresco pa9t+1 b *iefly em95t 9 pa9t+ on glass1 z we are in=m$ by ,lomazzo4 ,orl&i celebrates ,g]>do ,orn]io ,frisio1 & 8 w9d[s execut$ ab\t #aege1 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,pet] at ,bologna4 ,?is art aft]w>ds decl9$1 :5 cu/om1 ! arbit] ( arts1 by exclud+ x f palaces & *ur*es1 caus$ x gradually to be =gott54 ,ano!r me?od ( pa9t+ on glass1 or r on cry/al1 0 mu* 9 fa%ion 9 ! la/ c5tury1 & 0 employ$ = ornam5t+ mirrors1 caskets1 & o!r furniture ( ! *amb]s ( ! great4 ,m>atta & 8 contempor>ies on cry/al = su* works 9 ! same /yle t !y employ$ 9 pa9t+ on canvass2 & above all ,giordano1 :o taught x to sev]al pupils4 ,among ^!1 ! be/ 0 ,c>lo ,g>(alo1 :o 0 invit$ to ! c\rt ( ,*>les ,,ii4 ( ,spa91 to practise ?is species ( pa9t+1#ahj ! era ( :i* does n embrace a great numb] ( ye>s4 ,footnote #abh3 ,al?\gh ,vas>i1 ,borgh9i1 & ,bald9ucci1 h also treat$ ( o!r s*ools1 !y h *iefly illu/rat$ t ( ,flor5ce1 ) :i* !y 7 be/ acqua9t$4 ,to !m succe$$ ! respectable au?ors ( ! ,flor5t9e ,museum1 & ( ! ,s]ies ( ! mo/ celebrat$ ,pa9t]s1 conta9+ *oice anecdotes ( ^? ma/]s1 :i* are n[ republi%$1 & accompani$ by a pr9t f ! "w ( ea* pa9t]1 9 ! ,etruria ,pittrice ( ! le>n$ ,sig4 ,ab4 ,la/ri4 ,o!r anecdotes are to be f\nd 9 ! "w ( ,p4 ,ri*a ,on ! ,*ur*es ( ,flor5ce1 & 9 ,sig4 ,cambiagi's ,guide to t ,city4 ,pisa too1 has its ,guide by ! ,cav4 ,titi2 to :i* has succe$$ ! mu* l>g] "w ( ,sig4 da ,morrona1 above notic$4 ,si5a has "o by ,sig4 ,pecci1 ,volt]ra ano!r by ,ab4 ,gia*i1 & ,pescia & ,vald9ievole by ! ,ab4 ,ansaldi4 ,sig4 ,francesco ,b]n>di1 an excell5t connoisseur 9 ! f9e arts1 prep>$ a guide to ,lucca aft] ,m>*io2 x rema9s in$it$ s9ce 8 dea?1 toge!r ) 8 anecdotes ( ! pa9t]s1 sculptors1 & ar*itects ( 8 native c\ntry4 ,mean:ile ! ,di>io ( ,mons4 ,mansi af=ds consid]able in=mation4 ,footnote #abi3 ,condivi promis$ to publi% !m1 b ?is 0 nev] p]=m$4 ,see ,bott>i's notes on ! life ( ,mi*elangiolo1 p4 #aeb1 9 ,flor5t4 edit4 #aggb4 ,footnote #acj3 ,see ! f9e eulogy on him by ,sig4 ,durazz9i1 among 8 ,panegyrics on illu/ri\s ,tuscans1 :]e he corrects ,vas>i1 8 annotators & o!rs1 :o h fix$ ! bir? ( ,lion>do be=e ?is ye>4 ,tom4 iii4 n4 #be4 ,footnote #aca3 ,see ,sig4 ,piac5za1 9 8 edition ( ,bald9ucci1 t4 ii4 p4 #beb4 ,he has d$icat$ a long app5dix to ,v9ci1 9 :i* he has collect$ all ! anecdotes scatt]$ ?r\gh ,vas>i1 ,lomazzo1 ,borgh9i1 ,m>iette1 & o!r mod]n au?ors4 ,footnote #acb3 ,leon>do seems to h trembl$ :5ev] he sat d[n to pa9t1 & !re=e nev] f9i%$ any ( ! pictures he began2 = by m$itation on ! p]fection ( art1 he p]ceiv$ faults 9 :at to o!rs appe>$ admirable4 ,lomazzo1 ,idea del ,tempio della pittura1 page #aad4 ,footnote #acc3 ,bo? h p]i%$1 aft] s]v+ z models to ! be/ pa9t]s ( t age1 & ev5 to ,&rea del ,s>to4 ,see :at has be5 writt5 by ,vas>i1 & by ,m4 ,m>iette1 9 ! long lett] conc]n+ ,v9ci1 :i* is ins]t$ 9 tom4 ii4 ( ,lett4 ,pittori*e4 ,footnote #acd3 ,x 0 on acc\nt ( ! same procra/9at+ disposition t ,leo ,x4 )drew ! patronage he _h conf]r$ on him1 & :i* he 0 accu/om$ to be/[ ^u all m5 ( g5ius4 ,footnote #ace3 ,vas>i4 ,footnote #acf3 ,vas>i1 :o publi%$ a life ( him 9 #aeej1 & enl>g$ x 9 ano!r edition2 & ,ascanio ,condivi da ,ripatransone1 :o pr9t$ "o 9 #aeec1 t5 ye>s be=e ! dea? ( ,bon>ruoti4 ,footnote #acg3 ,he 0 v p>tial to ?is poet2 ^: flights ( fancy he embodi$ 9 p5-draw+s 9 a book1 :i*1 un=tunately = ! art1 has p]i%$2 & to ^: memory he wi%$ to sculpture a magnific5t monum5t1 z appe>s f a petition to ,leo ,x4 ,9 x ! ,m$icean ,academy reque/s ! bones ( ! div9e poet2 & among ! subscrib]s we read ! "n ( ,mi*elangiolo1 & also 8 (f]4 ,gori ,illu/raz4 alla vita del ,condivi1 p4 #aab4 ,footnote #ach3 ,he project$ a tract on ,all ! movem5ts ( ! human body1 on its ext]nal appe>ances1 & on ! bones1 ) an +5i\s !ory1 ! fruit ( 8 long /udy4 ,condivi1 p4 #aag4 ,footnote #aci3 ,zeuxis plus membris corporis d$it1 id amplius et augu/ius ratus2 atque ut exi/imant ,hom]um secutus1 cui validissima quaeque =ma etiam 9 foem9is placet4 ,in/4 ,orat4 lib4 xii4 c4 #aj4 ,footnote #adj3 ,none h[ev] ( ^! great m5 presum$ to despise ,mi*elangiolo s mu*1 z to comp>e ! picture ( ,*ri/1 9 ! ,m9]va1 to an execution]2 l ! au?or ( ! ,arte di ,v$]e4 ,m5gs1 :om he r flatt]s ?an foll[s1 w\ld h disda9$ to use ?is & simil> expressions2 b x is ! (fice ( adulators n m]ely to approve ! op9ion ( ! object flatt]$1 b greatly to exagg]ate x4 ,juv5al1 ) 8 peculi> p5etration into ! vices ( mank9d1 ?us describes "o ( ! race4 7,see ,satire iii4 v4 #ajj47 ----rides8 majore ca*9no ,concutitur2 flet si lacrymam conspexit amici1 ,nee dolet3 igniculum brumae si tempore poscas ,accipit endromidem2 si dix]is3 ae/uo1 sudat4 ,footnote #ada3 ,bott>i confesses t he %ews some:at ( mann]ism1 b conceal$ ) su* skill t x is n p]ceptible2 an art :i* v few ( 8 imitators possess4 ,footnote #adb3 ,see ,w9ckelmann 9 8 ,gems ( ,b>on ,/o*s1 :]e he records & comm5ts ^u ! text ( ! hi/orian1 p4 #caf4 ,footnote #adc3 ,duo ,dossi e quel *e a p> sculpe e colora ,mi*el piu *e mortal ,angiol div9o4 ,orl4 ,fur4 ,cant4 xxxiii4 #b4 ,footnote #add3 ,raffaello came to ,flor5ce t[>ds ! end ( #aejd4 7,lett4 ,pitt4 tom4 i4 p4 #b47 ,9 ?is ye> ,mi*elangiolo 0 call$ to ,rome1 & left 8 c>toon imp]fect4 ,hav+ aft]w>ds fl$ f ,rome1 ?r\gh dread ( ,julius ,,ii41 he complet$ x 9 ?ree mon?s1 9 ! ye> #aejf4 ,comp>e ! ,brief ( ,julius1 9 :i* he recals ,mi*elangiolo 7,lett4 ,pitt4 tom4 iii4 p4 #cbj71 ) ! relation ( ,vas>i 7tom4 vi4 ,ed4 ,fior5t4 p4 #aia74 ,dur+ ! "t t ,mi*elangiolo lab\r$ at ?is "w1 he 0 unwill+ to %ew x to any p]son 7p4 #ahb72 & :5 x 0 f9i%$ x 0 c>ri$ to ! hall ( ! ,pope1 & 0 !re /udi$ 7p4 #ahd74 ,raffaello _h !n return$ to ,flor5ce1 & ?is "w might op5 ! way to 8 new /yle1 :i*1 z a le>n$ ,engli%man expresses x1 is int]m$iate betwe5 t ( ,mi*elangiolo & ( ,p]ug9o4 ,footnote #ade3 ,he *ose ! companions ( ^? :o _h pa9t$ 9 ! ,si/9e1 ,jacopo di ,s&ro 7,botticelli71 ,agnolo di ,donn9o1 a great fri5d ( ,rosselli1 & ! eld] ,indaco1 a pupil ( ,ghirl&aio1 :o 7 b feeble arti/s4 ,bugi>d9i1 ,gianacci & ,ari/otile di ,s4 ,gallo1 ( :om we %all take fur!r notice 9 ! prop] place1 7 !re also4 ,footnote #adf3 ,v>*io1 9 8 ,fun]al ,oration1 p4 #ae4 ,footnote #adg3 ,idea del ,tempio della ,pittura1 p4 #dg4 ,ed4 ,bologn4 ,footnote #adh3 ,tom4 vi4 p4 #cih4 ,footnote #adi3 ,see ,entreti5s sur les ,vies et sur les ,ouvrages des plus excell5s ,pe9tres1 tom4 i4 p4 #ejb4 ,footnote #aej3 ,see pp4 #bde1 #bec4 ,footnote #aea3 ,lett4 ,pitt4 tom4 iii4 lett4 #bbg4 ,rosa1 ,sat4 iii4 p4 #he4 ,footnote #aeb3 ,salvator ,rosa 9 8 ?ird satire1 p4 #hd1 n>rates ! rebuke :i* ! ,prelate gave ,mi*elangiolo = 8 indec5cy 9 pa9t+ ! ,sa9ts !mselves )\t g>m5ts4 ,footnote #aec3 ,microscosmo1 p4 #f4 ,footnote #aed3 ,tom4 ii4 p4 #bed4 ,footnote #aee3 ,he is also blam$ = ?is "p ( ! p]spective by o!rs4 7,see ,p4 ,m4 della ,valle 9 ! ,prosa recitata 9 ,arcadia1 #aghd1 p4 #bfj1 ( ! ,giorn4 ,pis4 tom1 liii47 ,footnote #aef3 ,malv4 tom4 ii4 p4 #bed4 ,footnote #aeg3 ,vite de' ,pittori1 c4 p4 #dd4 ,footnote #aeh3 ,dialogo sopra la ,pittura4 ,footnote #aei3 ,idea del ,tempio della ,pittura1 p4 #da4 ,footnote #afj3 ,conca1 ,descriz4 ,odeporica della ,spagna1 tom4 i4 page #bd4 ,footnote #afa3 ,! ignorant believe t ,mi*elangiolo nail$ a man to a cross & left him !re to expire1 9 ord] to pa9t f ! life a figure ( our ,savi\r on ! cross4 ,see ,dati1 9 8 notes ( ! ,life ( ,p>rhasius1 :o is said to h committ$ a simil> homicide4 ,?is /ory ( ! latt] is probably a fable1 & und\bt$ly x is s ( ,mi*elangiolo4 ,! crucifixions ( ?is arti/ are (t5 repeat$1 sometimes ) a s+le figure1 sometimes ) our ,lady & ,s4 ,john2 at o!r times ) two ,angels1 :o collect ! blood4 ,bott>i m5tions sev]al ( ^! pictures 9 diff]5t gall]ies4 ,to ^! we may add ! picture ( ! ,capr>a palace1 & ^? 9 ! possession ( ,monsignor ,bonfigliuoli & ( ,sigg4 ,biancani 9 ,bologna4 ,sig4 ,co4 ,*iapp9i ( ,piac5za has a v good "o1 & !re is ano!r 9 ! *ur* ( ! college ( ,rav5na4 ,footnote #afb3 ,a "n giv5 by ! ,italians to pictures ( a dead ,*ri/ on ! knees ( 8 "m4 ,footnote #afc3 ,bott>i1 9 8 ,notes to ! ,lett] ( ,preziado1 d\bts :e!r ?is suppos$ s*ol> ( ,mi*elangiolo be ,galeazzo ,alessi1 rem>k+ at ! same "t t ?is la/ 0 r an ar*itect ?an a pa9t]4 ,i am incl9$ to ?9k t ! ,matteo 9 "q may h be5 ! =ego+ ,matteo da ,lecce1 or da ,leccio1 & t ow+ to "o ( ^? errors1 :i* ,cl]*e 9 8 ,arte ,critica1 calls ex auditu1 8 "n 9 ,spa9 became ,d',alessi1 or ,d',alessio1 ! lett]s c & s 9 _m c\ntries be+ made use ( reciprocally4 ,besides1 ?is ,leccese1 ( :om we write 9 ! f\r? volume1 fl\ri%$ 9 ! "t ( ,v>gas1 w5t to ,spa91 affect$ ! /yle ( ,mi*elangiolo1 & nev] settl$ himself 9 any place f 8 desire ( see+ ! _w4 ,memoirs ( him appe> to h be5 collect$ 9 ,spa91 by ,pa*eco1 :o liv$ 9 #afce 7,conca1 iii4 #beb71 :o 9 8 acc\nt1 at ?is di/ance ( "t1 mu/ h be5 guid$ by vulg> report2 a bad au?ority = names1 p>ticul>ly ^? ( =eign]s1 z 0 notic$ 9 ! ,preface4 ,t he %\ld fur!r be call$ ,roman in/ead ( ,italian1 9 a =eign c\ntry1 & t he %\ld !re adopt ! "n ( ,p]ez1 n hav+ assum$ any surname 9 ,rome1 c sc>cely appe> /range to ! read]1 & ! m s z he is describ$ z an adv5tur]--a species ( p]sons :o subsi/ ^u tricks & frauds4 ,footnote #afd3 ,seba/iano pa9t$ x aga9 = ! ,oss]vanti ( ,vit]bo2 & !re is a simil> "o describ$ 9 ! ,c>?usian ,mona/]y1 at ,naples1 :i* is pa9t$ 9 oil1 & is suppos$ to be ! "w ( ,bon>ruoti4 ,footnote #afe3 ,limbo1 among !ologians ( ! ,roman ,*ur*1 is ! place :]e ! s\ls ( j m51 :o di$ be=e ! com+ ( our ,savi\r1 & ( unbaptiz$ *ildr51 are suppos$ to reside4 ,footnote #aff3 ,?is noble fresco 0 ru9$ dur+ ! revolution>y tumults at ,rome4--,tr4 ,footnote #afg3 ,t ,raffaello 0 at ?is "t well v]s$ 9 p]spective x is unreasonable to d\bt1 z ,bott>i has done3 he proce$$ f ! s*ool ( ,p]ug9o1 :o 0 v em95t 9 t sci5ce2 & he left a good specim5 at ,si5a1 :]e he rema9$ "s "t be=e he came to ,flor5ce4 ,footnote #afh3 ,vol4 iii4 p4 #abf4 ,footnote #afi3 ,?is is conspicu\s 9 a ,s4 ,raffaello ) ,tobias1 :i* 0 transf]r$ f ! royal gall]y ( ,flor5ce to ! imp]ial gall]y ( ,vi5na4--,see ,rosa ,scuola ,italiana1 p4 #ada4 ,footnote #agj3 ,pl94 ,hi/4 ,nat4 lib4 xxxv4 cap #aj4 ,footnote #aga3 ,any excell5ce he possess$ 0 /ol5 f ! admirable mann] ( our ,flor5t9e pa9t]1 ,rosso2 a man truly ( wond]ful g5ius4 ,cell9i1 9 8 life1 z quot$ by ,bald9ucci1 tom4 v4 p4 #gb4 ,he :o writes ?us ( ! able/ pupil ( ,giulio ,romano1 ei!r 0 unacqua9t$ ) 8 works 9 ,bologna1 & 9 ,mantua1 execut$ be=e he knew ,rosso1 or bl9d$ by p>ty rage1 0 incapable ( appreciat+ !m4 ,footnote #agb3 ,page #ha4 ,footnote #agc3 ,ab\t ! "t :5 ,mi*ele taught1 !re resid$ 9 ,spa9 "o ,tommaso ,fior5t9o2 "o ( ^: portraits is m5tion$ by ! ,sig4 ,ab4 ,conca1 7tom4 i4 p4 #ij17 belong+ to ! ,royal ,palace at ,madrid4 ,9 ! ,ducal ,palace ( ,alva1 !re are also gall]ies ( grotesques1 :]e we read ! "n ( ,tommaso ,fior5t9o1 ! au?or1 to :i* is add$ 7tom4 ii4 p4 #cfb7 ,! "n ( ?is pr(essor ( ! art is q new to me2 9 8 grotesques we meet ) ! exact /yle ( ! sons ( ,b]gamasco1 c4 ,i h>dly "k h[ ! "n c appe> new to ! ,ab4 ,conca1 :5 he _h already m5tion$ x else:]e2 nor h[ ! composition ( an arti/1 :o pa9t$ 9 #aeba1 c\ld resemble t ( o!rs :o 7 /ill "y 9 ! ye> #aegj1 9 :i* _! fa!r di$4 ,footnote #agd3 ,vas>i1 9 8 ,life ( ,morto1 says1 t he came to ,flor5ce 9 ord] to improve 8 skill 9 figures1 9 :i* he 0 defici5t1 by /udy+ ! models ( ,v9ci & ( ,mi*elangiolo4 ,9 despair1 h[ev]1 he return$ to 8 grotesques4 ,n[ ,i %all else:]e produce an un$it$ docum5t %ew+ 8 ability 9 figure pa9t+1 :i* ,i %\ld n h occasion to d if ! beautiful portrait ( ,morto1 9 ! ,royal ,gall]y at ,flor5ce1 01 z is conjectur$1 by 8 h&4 ,b ,i am incl9$ to ?9k t x is ! lik5ess ( an unkn[n p]son1 :o1 z ,i h se5 9 o!r portraits1 caus$ himself to be drawn ) a f+] po9t+ to a dea?'s head1 9 ord] to rem9d him ( 8 mortality1 b 9 ?is picture ! head has be5 caprici\sly int]pret$ z a symbol ( ! "n ( ,morto1 & ! pa9t+ giv5 z ! portrait & "w ( ,feltrese2 ( :om ,vas>i gives a v diff]5t "o4 ,footnote #age3 ,!y wr\ght f ! designs ( ,pontormo1 & /ill m ^? ( ,bronz9o4 ,!y also wr\ght = ! ,duke ( ,f]r>a aft] ! designs ( ,giulio ,romano1 publi%$ by ,gio4 ,batti/a ,mantuano1 among 8 pr9ts4 ,footnote #agf3 ,a simil> composition is to be se5 9 an alt>-piece 9 ! ca!dral ( ,volt]ra4 ,x is inscrib$1 ,opus ,leon>di ,pi/ori5s4 an4 #aeaf4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 ought n to be pass$ ov] on acc\nt ( an hi/orical d\bt />t$ by ! ,cavali] ,tolomei1 :e!r !re fl\ri%$1 at ! same p]iod1 two ,lion>di da ,pi/oja2 ?us ins9uat+ !y 7 ( diff]5t families4 ,& ?is w\ld appe> to be ! case4 ,! pa9t] ( ! piece 9 ,volt]ra 0 n ,grazia1 at ,naples1 probably1 surnam$ ,guelfo2 s9ce 8 ma/] ,p5ni1 if we are to believe ,vas>i1 0 9 t ye>1 #aeaf1 /ill ! s*ol> & assi/ant ( ,raffaello2 nor does x seem probable t he educat$ a pupil ( s mu* m]it4 ,! ,leon>do1 !re=e1 :o pa9t$ 9 ,volt]ra1 mu/ h be5 "s o!r ( m pr(ici5cy4 ,footnote #agg3 ,hic inv5ies quidquid div]sorum colorum g5]ibus et mixturis habet ,graecia 444 quidquid 9 f5e/r>um v>ietate pretiosa diligit ,francia4 ,footnote #agh3 ,zanetti1 ,nuova ,raccolta delle ,monete e ,zec*e d',italia1 7tom4 iv4 p4 #aeh74 ,9 ?is "w we meet ) a long ,lat9 docum5t1 :i* makes m5tion ( a bro!r ( ,m>co1 nam$ ,paolo1 also a pa9t]2 qui habet 9 c>ta designatam mortem ,s4 ,francisci1 et ,virg9is gloriose1 sicut picte sunt ad modum !utonicum 9 pano 7i4 e4 panno7 ad locum m9orum 9 ,t>visio4 ,footnote #agi3 ,tom4 iii4 p4 #be4 ,footnote #ahj3 ,bellori vite de' ,pittori1 c4 page #cib4 ,,flor5t9e ,,s*ool4 ,,epo* ,,iii4 ,! ,imitators ( ,mi*elangiolo ,bon>ruoti4 ,aft] ! "t ( ! five great ma/]s above m5tion$1 ! ,flor5t9es 7 s ri* 9 f9e specim5s ( art t !y _h no occasion to apply to =eign s*ools = improvem5t4 ,!y _h only to select ! be/ specim5s f ! works ( native arti/s2 z1 = in/ance1 gr&eur f ,mi*elangiolo1 grace f ,&rea1 & _s f ,rossi2 !y c\ld le>n col\r+ & ca/+ ( drap]ies f ,porta1 & *i>oscuro f ,v9ci4 ,!y appe>1 h[ev]1 to h assidu\sly appli$ to design1 b to h paid little att5tion to ! o!r bran*es ( pa9t+4 ,ev5 9 t bran* !y imag9$ t e ?+ 0 to be f\nd 9 ,bon>ruoti2 & imitat$ him alone4 ,_! *oice 0 influ5c$ by ! celebrity1#aha ! success1 & v long life ( ?is arti/1 :o1 hav+ surviv$ all 8 em95t fell[ citiz5s1 naturally recomm5d$ to employm5t ! foll[]s ( 8 maxims1 & ! adh]5ts ( 8 mann]2 h5ce x has be5 obs]v$ by "s1 t ,raffaello liv$ too %ort a "t = ! progress ( ! f9e arts1 ,mi*elangiolo too long4 ,b arti/s ought to keep 9 m9d ! op9ion1 or r prophecy ( ,bon>ruoti--t 8 /yle w\ld be productive ( inept arti/s1 :i* has inv>iably be5 ! "* ( ^? :o h imitat$ him )\t judgm5t4 ,_! /udy & con/ant practice has be5 to design f 8 /atues3 = ! c>toon on :i* s _m em95t m5 =m$ _! /yle1 _h already p]i%$2 & 8 pa9t+s 7 n to be se5 9 ,flor5ce b 9 ,rome4 ,!y transf]r$ into _! compositions t /atue-l rigidity1 t /r5g? ( limb1 & ^? m>k+s ( ! orig9 & ins]tion ( muscles1 t sev]ity ( c\nt5ance1 & ^? positions ( ! h&s & figures1 :i* *>act]iz$ 8 sublimely awful /yle2 b )\t compreh5d+ ! pr9ciples ( ?is extraord9>y man1 )\t ?or\ghly und]/&+ ! play ( ! s(t] p>ts ( ! human figure1 ei!r by ins]t+ !m 9 wrong situations1 or by repres5t+1 9 ! same mann]1 ^? 9 action & at re/2 ^? ( a sl5d] /ripl+1 & ( ! full-gr[n man4 ,cont5t$ ) :at !y imag9$ gr&eur ( /yle1 !y neglect$ all ! re/4 ,9 "s ( _! pictures we may obs]ve a multitude ( figures arrang$ "o above ! o!r1 ) a total disreg>d ( _! relative situations2 features t express no passion1 & half nak$ figures t d no?+1 except pomp\sly exhibit1 l ! ,entellus ( ,virgil1 magna ossa lac]tosque4 ,in/ead ( ! beautiful azure & gre5 =m]ly employ$1 !y sub/itut$ a languid yell[i% hue2 ! full body ( col\r gave place to sup]ficial t9ts2 &1 above all1 ! bold relief1 s mu* /udi$ till ! "t ( ,&rea1 w5t :olly into disuse4 ,9 sev]al passages ,bald9ucci confesses ?is decl9e1 :i*1 h[ev]1 sc>cely ext5d$ to two or ?ree g5]ations1 & seems to h comm5c$ ab\t #aedj4 ,dur+ ?is un=tunate era ! ,flor5t9es did n deg5]ate z mu* z "s o!r s*ools4 ,! *ur*es are full ( pictures ( ?is era1 :i*1 if !y are n to be admir$ l ^? ( ! prec$+1 are1 at lea/1 respectable4 ,:oev] sees ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,croce1 ,s4 ,m>ia ,novella1 & o!r places1 :]e ! be/ arti/s ( ?is era pa9t$1 w und\bt$ly f9d m to praise ?an to condemn4 ,few ( !m 7 em95t z col\ri/s1 b _m 9 design2 few 7 entirely free f ! mann]ism above notic$2 _m1 h[ev]1 by progressive improvem5t1 at l5g? atta9$ gracefulness4 ,we %all proce$ to consid] !m1 *iefly foll[+ ! /eps ( ,v9c5zio ,borgh9i1 _! contempor>y2 ! au?or ( ,il ,reposo1 a dialogue wor?y ( p]usal1 bo? = ! matt] & ! /yle4 ,we %all comm5ce ) ,vas>i1 :o n only belongs to ?is epo*1 b has ev] be5 *>g$ ) be+ "o ( ! *ief au?ors ( ! decl9e ( ! art4#ahb ,giorgio ,vas>i1 ( ,arezzo1 0 desc5d$ f a family atta*$ to ! f9e arts2 be+ ! great gr&son ( ,lazz>o1 :o 0 ! intimate fri5d ( ,pietro della ,francesca1 & ! imitator ( 8 pa9t+s2 ! nephew ( ano!r ,giorgio1 :o1 9 modell+ vases 9 pla/]1 reviv$ ! =ms ( ! antique1 9 _! basso-relievos1 & _! brilliant col\rs2 specim5s ( ^: art exi/ 9 ! royal gall]y at ,flor5ce4 ,mi*elangiolo1 ,&rea1 & "s o!r ma/]s1 in/ruct$ him 9 design2 ,guglielmo da ,m>cilla1 call$ ! ,prior1 & ,rosso1 initiat$ him 9 pa9t+3 b he *iefly /udi$ at ,rome1 :i!r he 0 br\ght by ,ippolito1 ,c>d9al de' ,m$ici1 ! p]son to :om he ow$ 8 success2 = by 8 means ,giorgio 0 introduc$ to ?is family t load$ him ) ri*es & ) hon\r4 ,aft] hav+ design$ all ! works ( 8 fir/ ma/]1 & ( ,raffaello1 at ,rome1 & likewise mu* aft] o!r s*ools & antique m>bles1 he =m$ a /yle 9 :i* we may recognise traces ( 8 /udies2 b 8 pr$ilection = ,bon>ruoti is app>5t4 ,aft] acquir+ skill 9 pa9t+ figures1 he became "o ( ! mo/ excell5t ar*itects ( ! age2 & unit$ 9 himself ! v>i\s bran*es :i* 7 kn[n to ,p]9o1 ,giulio1 & _! s*ol>s1 :o foll[$ ! example ( ,raffaello4 ,he c\ld unaid$ direct ! con/ruction ( a gr& fabric1 adorn x ) figures1 ) grotesques1 ) l&scapes1 ) /uccos1 ) gild+1 & :atev] else 0 requir$ to ornam5t x 9 a pr9cely /yle4 ,by ?is means he began to be kn[n 9 ,italy2 & 0 employ$ z a pa9t] 9 sev]al places1 & ev5 9 ,rome4 ,he 0 mu* employ$ 9 ! h]mitage ( ! ,camaldules1 & 9 sev]al mona/]ies ( ! ,olivets4 ,9 _! mona/]y at ,rim9o he execut$ a picture ( ! ,magi1 & v>i\s frescos = ! *ur*2 9 t at ,bologna ?ree pieces f sacr$ hi/ory1 ) "s ornam5ts 9 ! refectory2 b /ill m 9 t at ,naples1 :]e he n only r$uc$ ! refectory to ! rules ( true ar*itecture1 b spl5didly adorn$ x ) /uccos & pictures ( e description4 ,assi/$ by _m "y m5 he sp5t a ye> 9 ?is "w2 &1 z he himself says1 0 ! fir/ :o gave an idea ( ! mod]n /yle to t city4 ,"s ( 8 pictures are to be se5 9 ! ,classe di ,rav5na1 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,pet] at ,p]ugia1 at ,bosco1 ne> ,aless&ria1 9 ,v5ice1 at ,pisa1 9 ,flor5ce1 & at ,rome1 :]e ! l>ge/ "p ( !m are 9 v>i\s places ( ! ,vatican1 & 9 ! hall ( ! ,*anc]y4 ,^! pictures are hi/orical frescos ( ! life ( ,paul ,,iii4 und]tak5 at ! desire ( ,c>d9al ,f>nese2 ) :om orig9at$ ! idea ( writ+ ! lives ( ! pa9t]s1 aft]w>ds publi%$ at ,flor5ce4 ,br\ght into notice by ^! works1 hon\r$ by ! e/eem & fri5d%ip ( ,bon>ruoti1 & recomm5d$ by 8 multif>i\s abilities1 he 0 invit$ to ! c\rt ( ,cosmo ,i4 ,he w5t !re ) 8 family 9 #aeec2 at :i* "t ! arti/s above allud$ to 7 ei!r dead or v old1 &1 !re=e1 he _h little to fe> f competitors4 ,he sup]9t5d$ ! magnific5t works execut$ by t pr9ce2 among :i* x w\ld be wrong n to di/+ui% ! edifice = ! public (fices1 :i* is e/eem$ among ! f9e/ 9 ,italy2 & ! old palace1 ) its sev]al sub-divisions1 :i* 7 all pa9t$ & decorat$ by ,vas>i & 8 pupils = ! use ( gov]nm5t4 ,9 "o "p ( x1 ea* *amb] be>s ! "n ( "s di/+ui%$ memb] ( ! family1 & repres5ts 8 exploits4 ,?is is "o ( 8 be/ works2 & "h ! *amb] ( ,clem5t ,,vii4 is *iefly conspicu\s1 on ! ceil+ ( :i* he repres5t$ ! ,pontiff 9 ! act ( cr[n+ ,*>les ,v41 & all ar\nd dispos$ ! emblems ( 8 virtues1 8 victories1 & 8 mo/ rem>kable exploits4 ,9 ?is "w ! magnific5ce ( ! pr9ce is rivall$ by ! judgm5t & ta/e ( ! arti/4 ,! read] may f9d notices ( 8 o!r works1 :i* are ei!r 9 *ur*es or 9 private h\ses1 & ( 8 tempor>y decorations = fun]als or fe/ivals1 by consult+ 8 life writt5 by himself d[n to #aefg1 & ! cont9uation ( x to #aegd1 ! ye> ( ,giorgio's decease4 ,x rema9s = u to discuss ! m]its ( ?is arti/1 :o has be5 prais$ by "s & condemn$ by o!r au?ors t h treat$ ( ! f9e arts1 especially 9 ,italy4 ,i %all consid] him fir/ z a pa9t]1 & next z a writ]4 ,_h all 8 works p]i%$ b "s ( ^? 9 ! old palace1 ! ,conception1 9 ,s4 ,apo/olo at ,flor5ce1 :i* ,borgh9i comm5ds z 8 f9e/ production1 ! ,decollation ( ,s4 ,john1 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,bapti/ at ,rome1 :i* is adorn$ by exquisite p]spective1 ! ,fea/ ( ,ahasu]us1 9 ! possession ( ! ,b5$ict9es at ,arezzo1 "s ( 8 portraits1 :i* ,bott>i scruples n to comp>e ) ^? ( ,giorgione1 & "s ( 8 o!r pictures t demon/rate 8 ability1 8 reputation w\ld h be5 mu* great] ?an x is4 ,b he aim$ at too mu*2 & = ! mo/ "p pref]r$ exp$ition to accuracy4 ,h5ce1 ?\gh a good design]1 8 figures are n always correct2 & 8 pa9t+ (t5 appe>s languid1 f 8 meagre & sup]ficial col\r+4#ahc ,! habit ( c>eless execution is usually ! companion ( "s maxim t may s]ve to excuse x to o!rs1 z well z to our own self-love3 ,vas>i has recomm5d$ 9 8 writ+s ! acquirem5t ( comp5di\s me?ods1#ahd & ! exp$ition ( practice2 9 o!r words1 to make use ( =m] ex]cises & /udies 9 pa9t+4 ,?is me?od is highly advantage\s to ! arti/1 because x increases 8 pr(its2 b is prejudicial to ! art1 :i* ?us deg5]ates into mann]ism1 or1 9 o!r words1 dep>ts f nature3 ,vas>i fell into ?is error 9 _m ( 8 works1 especially 9 8 ha/y productions1 or :]e he borr[$ ! h& ( o!rs2 apologies :i* he frequ5tly (f]s to ! read]s ( 8 ,lives4 ,he 0 pr9cipally induc$1 ,i believe1 to (f] su* apologies = 8 practice1 f ! /rictures on 8 pa9t+s conta9$ 9 ! hall ( ! ,*anc]y1 :i* 7 f9i%$ 9 a hundr$ days1 accord+ to _! au?or1 9 ord] to please ! c>d9al3 b he ought !n r to h excus$ himself to ,f>nese1 & to h reque/$ him to employ "s o!r arti/1 ?an to make 8 apology to po/]ity1 & to intreat u to excuse 8 faults4 ,he ought to h li/5$ to ! admonitions ( 8 fri5ds2 among :om ,c>o did n fail to rem9d him ( ! injury 8 reputation might su/a9 by su* ha/y productions4#ahe ,z he long sup]9t5d$ ! decorations ( ! capital1 ord]$ by ,cosmo ,i4 & ,pr9ce ,d4 ,francesco1 & 0 assi/$ 9 !m by _m "y m51 ,bald9ucci affirms t he *iefly contribut$ to t dry mann] :i* prevail$ 9 ,flor5ce4#ahf ,?is op9ion is probably n errone\s2 = ! example ( a pa9t] employ$ by ! c\rt 0 suffici5t to s$uce ! ris+ g5]ation f pri/9e dilig5ce1 to a m c>eless mann]4 ,aft] all1 ! ,flor5t9es :o assi/$ him 7 *iefly ! s*ol>s ( ,bronz9o1 &1 except two or ?ree1 !y did n adopt ! /yle ( ,vas>i3 "s o!rs also may h done s = a little "t4 ,francesco ,mor&9i1 call$ ,poppi1 f 8 native place1 0 8 disciple & imitator2 & 9 8 picture ( ! ,conception1 at ,s4 ,mi*el9o1 9 ! sup]ior "o ( ! ,visitation1 at ,s4 ,ni*olas1 & 9 8 _m o!r works1 he appe>s a foll[] ( ,giorgio2 except t he 0 m m9ute1 & att5d$ m to gay & *e]ful composition4 ,giovanni ,/radano ,fiamm+o1 = t5 ye>s a dep5dant ( ,vas>i1 adopt$ 8 col\r+1 b imitat$ ! design ( ,salviati2 ) :om & also ) ,daniele di ,volt]ra he _h liv$ 9 ,rome4 ,!re is a ,*ri/ on ! ,cross1 by him1 at ! ,s]viti1 :i* is pref]r$ to any o!r he pa9t$ at ,flor5ce1 :]e he execut$ _m designs = tape/ry1 & _m pr9ts4 ,he _h a f]tile inv5tion2 he is prais$ by ,vas>i z highly z any o!r arti/ !n 9 ! s]vice ( ! c\rt1 & is consid]$ by ,borgh9i among ! em95t ma/]s4 ,vas>i aft] him reta9$ ,jacopo ,zuc*i1 ^: works exhibit none ( ! c>elessness ( ,giorgio4 ,he sometimes imitat$ him2 b 8 /yle is bett] & m ref9$4 ,he liv$ long at ,rome1 "u ! protection ( ,f]d9&o1 ,c>d9al de' ,m$ici1 9 ^: h\se1 & m especially 9 ! ,rucellai palace1 he pa9t$ 9 fresco ) incr$ible dilig5ce4 ,8 picture ( ! ,bir? ( ! ,bapti/1 9 ,s4 ,giovanni ,decollato1 is e/eem$ ! be/ 9 t *ur*2 & 9 ?is piece he appe>s m a foll[] ( ,&rea1 ?an ( any o!r ma/]4 ,he usually introduc$ real portraits ( di/+ui%$ *>act]s & m5 ( lett]s 9 8 compositions1 & he %ew$ a peculi> grace 9 ! figures ( *ildr5 & ( "y p4 ,baglioni praises bo? ?is arti/ & 8 bro!r ,francesco1 :o 0 a good arti/ 9 mosaic1 & an excell5t pa9t] ( fruit & fl[]s4 ,9 consid]+ ,giorgio z a writ]1 ,i %all n consume mu* "t2 hav+ s frequ5tly to notice him 9 ! c\rse ( my "w4 ,he wrote precepts ( art & lives ( ! pa9t]s1 z is well kn[n2 & he add$ to !m "s diss]tations on 8 own occupations1#ahg & 8 pictures4#ahh ,he ent]$ on ?is "w at ! in/igation ( ,c>d9al ,f>nese1 z well z ( ,monsig4 ,giovio2 & he 0 enc\rag$ 9 x by ,c>o1 ,molza1 ,tolomei1 & o!r lit]>y m5 belong+ to t c\rt4 ,8 fir/ int5tion 0 to collect anecdotes ( arti/s1 to be ext5d$ by ,giovio4 ,!y wi%$ him to comm5ce ) ,cimabue2 ) :i*1 p]haps1 he ought n to h compli$2 b ?is circum/ance dim9i%es ! fault ( ,vas>i 9 pass+ ov] ! old] ma/]s 9 sil5ce1 & raises ! glory ( ,cimabue f> above all 8 contempor>ies4 ,:5 x 0 discov]$ t ,vas>i c\ld write well1#ahi & 0 capable ( ext5d+ ! anecdotes 9 ev5 m appropriate language ?an ,giovio himself1 ! :ole task devolv$ on him2 b 9 ord] to r5d] ! "w m wor?y ( ! public1 he _h ! assi/ance af=d$ him ( m5 ( lett]s4 ,9 #aedg1 on f9i%+ ! book1 he w5t to ,rim9o2 & :il/ he 0 employ$ 9 pa9t+ = ! frat]nity ( ,olivets1 ,fa!r ,d4 ,gio4 ,matteo ,faetani1 abbot ( ! mona/]y1 correct$ 8 "w & caus$ x to be :olly transcrib$2 ab\t ! end ( t ye> x 0 s5t to ,c>o = p]usal4 ,he signifi$ 8 approbation ( x1 z writt5 9 a f9e /yle1 & ) great c>e2#aij except t 9 "s passages a less artificial /yle 0 desirable4 ,aft] be+ correct$ 9 ?is respect1 x 0 pr9t$ 9 two volumes by ,torr5t9o1 at ,flor5ce1 9 ! ye> #aeej2 9 ?is edition he receiv$ consid]able aid f ,fa!r ,d4 ,m9iato ,pitti1 !n an ,olivet9e fri>4#aia ,vas>i compla9$ t _m ?+s 7 !re ins]t$ he knew n h[1 & 7 alt]$ )\t 8 k or cons5t2#aib b ,i _c agree ) ,bott>i1#aic t ^! alt]ations 7 made by ,pitti or any o!r monk4 ,if ,vas>i c\ld n discov] _! au?or1 we are mu* less likely to f9d him out2 & !re is "s gr\nd = believ+ t ,vas>i _h (f5d$ _m p]sons by c]ta9 invidi\s anecdotes1 & ?us endeav\r$ to excuse himself z well z he c\ld4 ,:o c believe t ! _m ?+s cancell$ 9 ! second edition1 :i* seems almo/ a new "w1 7 all lib]ties tak5 by o!r p]sons1 he did n "k h[ & n mi/akes1 at lea/ = ! mo/ "p1 made by himself8 ,9 :atev] way x happ5$1 he _h an opportunity ( correct+ 8 lives1 ( augm5t+ !m1 & aga9 pr9t+ !m1 accompani$ by portraits ( ! arti/s4 ,aft] publication ( ! fir/ edition he _h avail$ himself ( ! manuscripts ( ,ghib]ti1 ( ,dom5ico ,ghirl&aio1 ( ,raffaello d',urb9o2 & _h himself collect$ a numb] ( anecdotes 9 8 diff]5t j\rneys ?r\gh ,italy4 ,he und]took a new t\r 9 #aeff1 to prep>e = ! new edition1 z he in=ms u 9 ! life ( ,b5v5uto ,g>(olo2 he aga9 exam9$ ! works ( diff]5t ma/]s1 & obta9$ new in=mation f 8 fri5ds1 "s ( :om he m5tions by "n1 :5 treat+ ( ! arti/s ( ,=li & ,v]ona4 ,he w\ld h be5 /ill m full ( anecdote 9 8 ,lives1 _h 8 success correspond$ ) 8 dilig5ce4 ,on ?is acc\nt1 9 ! beg9n+ & at ! end ( ! ,life ( ,c>paccio1 he lam5ts t he 0 n able to obta9 e p>ticul> ( _m arti/s2 nor to possess _! portraits2 & he entreats u to accept :at he is able to (f]1 al?\gh he _c give all he might desire4 ,he republi%$ 8 ,lives 9 #aefh1 & affirm$ 9 ! ,d$ication to ,cosmo ,i4 t z = himself he wi%$ = no?+ m 9 !m4 ,! new edition issu$ f ! press ( ! ,giunti2 ( ! additions1 consi/+ ( f9e obs]vations ^u philosophy & ,*ri/ian morality1 :i* _c be ascrib$ to ,giorgio1 "p 0 suppli$ by ,borgh9i1 & /ill m by ,fa!r ,d4 ,silvano ,razzi1 a ,camaldul9e monk1 z ,bott>i conjectures 9 8 ,preface1#aid b x does n foll[ t !y assi/$ 9 correct+ ! "w4 ,x is full ( errors2 sometimes 9 ! grammatical con/ruction1 (t5 9 ! names1 & frequ5tly 9 ! dates2 & ?\gh x 0 repr9t$ at ,bologna1 9 #afdh2 at ,rome1 ) ! notes & corrections ( ,bott>i1 9 #agei2 9 ,leghorn & ,flor5ce1 9 #agfg1 ) fre% notes & additions by ! same2 & la/ly1 9 ,si5a1 ) ^? ( ,p4 della ,valle2 x /ill rema9s n s mu* a judici\s selection ( facts1 z a mass ( *ronological em5dations1 "s ( :i* %all be notic$ 9 ! sequel4#aie ,?is1 if ,i am n deceiv$1 is ! objection t c be mo/ frequ5tly1 & almo/ cont9ually urg$ aga9/ ! "w4 ,! o!r /rictures to be met ) 9 au?ors are1 = ! mo/ "p1 exagg]ations ( writ]s1 (f5d$ at ,vas>i = 8 sil5ce or 8 criticisms1 on ! works ( ! arti/s ( _! c\ntry4 ,!re is no?+ s flatt]+ to ! vanity ( an au?or1 z def5d+ ! "* ( 8 native place1 & ( ^? citiz5s :o h r5d]$ h] illu/ri\s4 ,9 :atev] mann] he writes1 all 8 c\ntrym51 :o are all ! _w to him1 ?9k him 9 ! "r2 & 9 ! c(feeh\ses he frequ5ts1 9 ! %ops ( ! booksell]s1 & 9 all public places1 !y hail him z ! public advocate4 ,h5ce we ne$ n be surpris$ t su* an au?or writes z if 8 c\ntry _h appo9t$ him h] *ampion1 assumes a _s ( ho/ility1 & !n ! transition is easy f a j def5ce to an injuri\s attack4 ,f su* causes "s writ]s appe> to me actuat$ by unbecom+ enmity to ,vas>i4 ,! passages ( ! fir/ edition1 cancell$ 9 ! second1 h be5 quot$ aga9/ him2 he has incurr$ odium = "s de=m$ portraits1 z if he 0 acc\ntable = ! defects ( nature2 8 mo/ innoc5t expressions h be5 tortur$ into a s9i/] mean+2 8 enemies w\ld h u believe t1 int5d+ to exalt 8 d>l+ ,flor5t9es1 he neglect$ ! o!r ,italian arti/s1 z if1 9 ord] to d ju/ice to ^!1 he _h n travell$ & s\ght = in=mation1 al?\gh (t5 9 va91 z ,i be=e m5tion$4 ,! hi/orians ( all ! o!r s*ools h us$ him z ! comm5tators ( ,virgil treat$ ,s]vius2 all h abus$ him1 & all h avail$ !mselves ( 8 lab\rs4 ,= if all ! in=mation collect$ by ,vas>i conc]n+ ! old ma/]s ( ! ,v5etian1 ,bolognese1 & ,lomb>d s*ools be tak5 away1 h[ imp]fect does _! hi/ory rema98 ,9 my op9ion1 !re=e1 he des]ves our be/ ?anks = :at he has done1 & mu* =be>ance = :at he has omitt$4 ,if 8 judgm5t appe>s less accurate on "s arti/s ( a diff]5t s*ool1 he ought n1 on t acc\nt1 to be tax$ ) malignity & envy1 z is well obs]v$ by ,lomazzo4 ,he has prote/$ t he has done 8 be/ to adh]e to tru?1 or to :at he believ$ to be true1#aif & x is suffici5t to read him )\t prejudice to give him cr$it = su* ju/ification4 ,he seems a man :o writes z he ?9ks4 ,?us1 he be/[s comm5dations ^u ,bald9elli & ^u ,zucc>o1 8 enemies1#aig z well z ^u 8 fri5ds3 he di/ributes c5sure & praise ) an equal h& to ,tuscan & o!r arti/s4 ,if he discov]s pa9t]s ( little m]it 9 o!r s*ools1 he f9ds !m also 9 t ( ,flor5ce2 if he relates ! jeal\sies ( =eign arti/s1 he does n conceal ^? ( ! ,flor5t9es1 ( :i* he speaks ) a playful fre$om 9 ! ,life ( ,donatello1 9 8 own1 & m especially 9 t ( ,pietro ,p]ug9o4 ,8 p>tial criticisms !re=e on c]ta9 arti/s arose less f 8 nationality1 ?an f o!r causes4 ,x is c]ta9 t he saw b little ( "s ma/]s2 8 op9ion ( o!rs 0 =m$ ^u incorrect in=mation2 & he c\ld n atta9 ! same c]ta9ty t we n[ boa/1 on :at relat$ to a numb] ( arti/s !n liv+1 :o1 z usually happ5s1 7 !n m c5sur$ ?an admir$4 ,"s all[ance too %\ld be made = 8 o!r avocations2 by ! multiplicity ( :i* he d\btless wrote z he pa9t$1 ) ! exp$ition ( 8 mode ( practice4 ,a pro( ( ?is is af=d$ by ! repetitions t occur1 z we h be=e obs]v$1 9 successive passages1 & ! contradictory *>act]s he sometimes gives ( ! same picture1 pron\nc+ x good 9 "o s5t5ce1 & 9 ano!r all[+ x sc>cely ! praise ( m$iocrity4 ,?is 0 p>ticul>ly ! case 9 reg>d to ,razzi1 t[>ds :om he seems to h ent]ta9$ ill w2 aris+1 h[ev]1 m f ! bad reputation ( ! man ?an f prejudice aga9/ ! s*ool ( ! arti/4 ,= ! incorrectness ( su* c5sures1 9 :i* he1 h[ev]1 0 s9c]e1 ,i blame 8 maxims ( art1 & ! age 9 :i* he liv$4 ,he reckon$ ,bon>ruoti ! greate/ pa9t] t _h ev] exi/$2#aih & exalt$ him above ! anci5t ,greeks1#aii &1 f 8 practice1 held a bold & vigor\s design z ! summit ( p]fection 9 pa9t+2 comp>$ to :i*1 beauty & col\r+ 7 no?+4#bjj ,f su* fundam5tal pr9ciples proce$$ "s ( 8 obnoxi\s criticisms on ,bassano1 ,tiziano1 & on ,raffaello himself4 ,b is ?is ! effect ( 8 malignity1 or ( 8 education8 ,does x n happ5 9 philosophy z 9 pa9t+1 t e "o gives a decid$ pref]5ce to ^? ( 8 own sect4 ,has n ,petr>ca g5]aliz$ ! obs]vation1 :5 he asks1 ----,or *e e que/o ,*e ognun del suo sap] p> *e si appaghi8 ,we may1 !n1 =give 9 ,vas>i :at appe>$ to ?is philosophic poet a weakness ( human nature2 & may obs]ve on a few passages 9 8 "w :at 0 appli$ to ,tacitus2 t we condemn 8 pr9ciples1 b admire 8 hi/ory4 ,su*1 ,i believe1 0 ! op9ion ( ,lomazzo1 :o ?\gh n :olly satisfi$ ) ! op9ions ( ,vas>i1 n only excus$ b def5d$ him2#bja & 9 ?is he act$ prop]ly4 ,vas>i is1 moreov]1 ! fa!r ( ! hi/ory ( pa9t+1 & has transmitt$ to u its mo/ preci\s mat]ials4 ,educat$ 9 ! mo/ auspici\s era ( ! art1 he has 9 "s measure p]petuat$ ! influ5ce ( ! gold5 age4 ,9 p]us+ 8 ,lives1 ,i fancy myself li/5+ to ! individuals ( :om he has collect$ ! traditions & ! precepts4 ,x 0 ?us1 ?9k ,i1 t ,raffaello & ,&rea imp>t$ ^! facts to _! s*ol>s2 ?us spoke ,bon>ruoti2 ! fri5ds ( ,giorgio he>d ?is f ,v9ci & ,porta1 & 9 ?is mann] mu/ h relat$ x to him4 ,i am delight$ ) ! facts1 & also ) ! lum9\s1 simple1 & natural mann] 9 :i* !y are express$1 int]wov5 ) ! te*nical t]ms t orig9at$ 9 ,flor5ce1 & wor?y ( e writ] ^: subject is ! f9e arts4 ,f9ally1 %\ld ,i discov] 9 him any prejudice ( education1 or1 if y w1 aris+ f self-love1 x seems to me unju/ on acc\nt ( su* a fault1 to =get 8 _m s]vices1 & to decl>e ho/ilities aga9/ him = su* blemi%es4 ,ano!r s]vice ,vas>i conf]r$ on ! f9e arts yet rema9s to be notic$1 & t is ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,academy ( ,design 9 ,flor5ce1 ab\t ! ye> #aefa1 pr9cipally ?r\gh 8 ex]tions4 ,! society ( ,s4 ,luke !re exi/$ f ! f\rte5? c5tury1 b x _h fall5 into decay1 & 0 almo/ ext9ct1 :5 ,f4 ,gio4 ,angiolo ,montorsoli ,s]vita1 a celebrat$ /atu>y1 conceiv$ ! design ( reviv+ x4 ,he communicat$ 8 idea to ,giorgio1 :o s effectually recomm5d$ x to ,cosmo ,i41 t1 %ortly aft]1 x arose ) new vig\r1 & became at ! same "t a *>itable in/itution & an academy ( ! f9e arts4 ,! pr9ce wi%$ to be consid]$ its head1 & ,d4 ,v9c5zio ,borgh9i 0 appo9t$ 8 repres5tative 9 transact+ 8 ord9>y bus9ess1 :i* situation 0 aft]w>ds fill$ by ,cav4 ,gaddi1 by ,baccio ,valori1 & successively by "s ( ! mo/ accompli%$ g5tlem5 ( ! city2 an arrangem5t ma9ta9$ by ! sov]eigns d[n to ! pres5t day4 ,! *apt] h\se ( ! ,nunziata1 decorat$ ) ! sculpture & pictures ( ! be/ ma/]s ( ! age1 0 grant$ to ?is college ( arti/s = a hall1 z we are in=m$ by ,valori4#bjb ,ano!r place 0 assign$ = _! meet+s1 & !y h frequ5tly exp]i5c$ ! lib]ality ( succe$+ pr9ces4 ,_! rules 7 drawn up by ! re/or]s ( ?is in/itution1 ( :om ,vas>i 0 "o4 ,he wrote conc]n+ x to ,mi*elangiolo1#bjc & ass]t$ t e memb] ( ?is academy 0 indebt$ to him = :at he knew2 & inde$ ?is academy 9 all its bran*es p>takes /rongly ( 8 /yle4 ,a simil> doctr9e1 z we h obs]v$1 already prevail$ at ,flor5ce2 b x w\ld h be5 bett] t e "o foll[$ ! ma/] :om 8 g5ius po9t$ out4 ,9 ! *oice ( a /yle nature ought to direct1 n to foll[2 e "o %\ld make 8 election accord+ to 8 tal5ts4 ,x is true t ! error ( ! ,flor5t9es is common to o!r nations2 & has giv5 rise to an op9ion1 t academies h _h a baneful influ5ce on ! arts2 s9ce !y h only t5d$ to con/ra9 all to foll[ ! same pa?2 & h5ce ,italy is f\nd fruitful 9 adh]5ts to sy/ems1 b b>r5 9 true pa9t]s4 ,to me ! in/itution ( academies has always appe>$ highly useful1 :5 conduct$ on ! plan ( t ( ! ,c>acci1 ( :i* we %all treat "u _! s*ool4 ,9 ! mean "t ,i return to ! ,flor5t9e s*ool4 ,! contempor>ies ( ,vas>i 7 ,salviati & ,jacopo del ,conte1 bo? ( :om liv$ also ) ,&rea del ,s>to1 & ,bronz9o1 ! s*ol> ( ,pontormo4 ,l ,giorgio1 _! g5ius l$ !m to an imitation ( ,mi*elangiolo4 ,francesco de' ,rossi1 call$ ,salviati1 f ! surname ( 8 patron1 0 ! fell[ /ud5t ( ,vas>i1 "u ,&rea del ,s>to & ,baccio ,b&9elli4 ,! la/ m5tion$ arti/ 0 an excell5t sculptor1 :o usually taught design to /ud5ts 9 pa9t+1 an art :i*1 l ,v]roc*io1 he sometimes practis$ = amusem5t4 ,:ile at ,rome1 ,salviati1 contract+ an intimate fri5d%ip ) ,giorgio1 pursu$ ! same /udies1 & adopt$ ! same fundam5tal pr9ciples ( ! art4 ,he f9ally became a pa9t] m correct1 m elevat$1 & m spirit$ ?an 8 companion1 & ,vas>i classes him among ! be/ arti/s !n 9 ,rome4 ,!re he 0 employ$ 9 ! palace ( 8 patron1 9 ! ,f>nese & ,riccio palaces1 9 ! ,*anc]y1 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,gio4 ,decollato1 & 9 v>i\s o!r places1 :]e he fill$ ext5sive walls ) hi/orical frescos1 an employm5t :i* 0 8 *ief delight4 ,8 inv5tion 0 v f]tile1 8 compositions v>i$1 8 ar*itecture gr&2 he is "o ( ! few :o h unit$ cel]ity ( execution ) sci5tific design1 9 :i* he 0 deeply v]s$1 al?\gh occasionally some:at extravagant4 ,8 be/ production n[ 9 ,flor5ce is ! battle & triumph ( ,furius ,camillus1 9 ! saloon ( ! old palace1 a "w full ( _s1 t appe>s f ! repres5tations ( arm\r1 drap]ies1 & ,roman cu/oms1 conduct$ by an able antiqu>y4 ,!re is also 9 ! *ur* ( ,santa ,croce1 a ,desc5t f ! ,cross2 to him a famili> subject1 :i* he repeat$ at ! ,panfili palace at ,rome1 & 9 ! ,corpus ,dom9i at ,v5ice2 & x may be se5 9 "s private collections1 9 :i* 8 ,holy ,families & portraits are n r>e4 ,! octagonal picture ( ,psy*e1 9 ! possession ( ! ,grimani family1 is highly celebrat$1 & ,giorgio pron\nces x ! f9e/ picture 9 all ,v5ice4 ,8 rem>k w\ld h be5 less invidi\s1 _h he said x 0 ! mo/ sci5tific 9 design2 b :o c conc$e to him t x appe>$ a p>agon 9 t city8 ,! features ( ,psy*e h no?+ uncommon2 & ! :ole1 ?\gh well compos$1 & adorn$ ) a beautiful l&scape1 & an elegant little temple1 _c be comp>$ to ! *>m+ compositions ( ,tiziano1 or ( ,paolo ,v]onese1 9 :i* we sometimes behold1 z ,dante w\ld express x1 ! :ole creation smile4 ,! design ( ,salviati 0 bett] ?an 8 col\r+2 & on ?is acc\nt he did n meet ) success at ,v5ice2 on 8 go+ to ,france he 0 b little employ$1 & is n[ less s\ght aft] & e/eem$ ?an ,tiziano or ,paolo4 ,9 ornam5tal arts su* z poetry & pa9t+1 x w\ld seem t mank9d are m easily cont5t$ ) a m$iocrity 9 k1 ?an ) m$iocrity 9 ! art ( pleas+4 ,x 0 v correctly obs]v$ by ,salvator ,rosa1 :5 reque/$ to give 8 op9ion ^u ! relative m]its ( design & col\r+1 t he _h be5 able to meet ) _m ,santi di ,tito 9 ! %ops ( ! suburbs1 at a v l[ price1 b t he _h nev] se5 !re a s+le specim5 ( ,bassano4 ,salviati 0 ! be/ arti/ ( ?is epo*1 & if he 0 little employ$ at ,flor5ce1 accord+ to ,vas>i1 x arose p>tly f ! envy ( malevol5t p]sons1 p>tly f 8 own turbul5t1 re/less1 & haughty demean\r4 ,he tra9$ up1 h[ev]1 "s arti/s :o belong to ?is s*ool4 ,francesco del ,prato1 an em95t goldsmi?1 & an excell5t arti/ 9 ! inlay+ ( metals1 :5 advanc$ 9 life1 imbib$ ! love ( pa9t+ f ,salviati1 & became 8 pupil4 ,hav+ a good idea ( design1 he 0 soon able to execute cab9et pictures2 two ( :i*1 ! ,plague ( ,s]p5ts & ! ,limbo1 are pron\nc$ mo/ beautiful by ,vas>i4 ,x is n improbable t "s ( ! m9or pictures ascrib$ to ,salviati may be ! "w ( ?is arti/1 :o is z little nam$ z if he _h nev] exi/$4 ,b]n>do ,buontal5ti1 a man ( r>e & univ]sal g5ius1 0 in/ruct$ 9 m9iature pa9t+ by ,clovio1 & _h ,salviati1 ,vas>i1 & ,bronz9o1 = 8 ma/]s 9 ! o!r bran*es ( pa9t+4 ,he 0 s successful t 8 works 7 9 reque/ by ,francis ,i41 by ! emp]or1 & ! k+ ( ,spa94 ,8 portrait is 9 ! royal gall]y1 besides :i* little 9 ,flor5ce c be ascrib$ to him ) c]ta9ty1 = he d$icat$ 8 "t *iefly to ar*itecture & to hydro/atics4 ,ruviale ,spagnuolo1 ,dom5ico ,romano1 & ,porta della ,g>fagnana1 belong to ! s*ool ( ,salviati4 ,we %all notice ! la/ among ! ,v5etians1 among :om he liv$4 ,9 ! treatise ( ,lomazzo1 ,romolo ,fior5t9o is assign$ to ! same s*ool2 ! individual conjectur$ by ,p4 ,orl&i to be ! ,romolo ,c9c9nato1 a ,flor5t9e pa9t]1 employ$ by ,philip ,,ii4 ( ,spa94 ,he is v hon\rably m5tion$ by ,palom9o1 toge!r ) 8 sons & pupils1 ,diego & ,francesco1 bo? em95t arti/s fav\r$ by ,philip ,,iv4 & ,pope ,urban ,,viii4 by :om !y 7 knight$4 ,jacop9o del ,conte1 :o is also notic$ 9 ! ,abec$>io ,pittorico1 "u ! "n ( ,jacopo del ,conte1 & consid]$ n z ! same individual1 b z two di/9ct arti/s1 0 little employ$ 9 ,flor5ce1 b 9 great reque/ 9 ,rome4 ,he 0 em95t z a portrait pa9t] to all ! ,popes & ! pr9cipal nobility ( ,rome1 f ! "t ( ,paul ,,iii4 to t ( ,clem5t ,,viii41 9 ^: pontificate he di$4 ,8 ability 9 composition may be discov]$ 9 ! frescos 9 ,s4 ,gio4 ,decollato1 & especially 9 ! picture ( ! ,deposition 9 t place1 a "w :i* is reckon$ among 8 f9e/ productions4 ,!re ! competition ( 8 mo/ di/+ui%$ c\ntrym5 /imulat$ 8 ex]tions = di/9ction4 ,he 0 an imitator ( ,mi*elangiolo1 b 9 a mann] s free1 & a col\r+ s diff]5t1 t x seems ! production ( ano!r s*ool4 ,scipione ,gaetano1 :om we %all consid] 9 ! ?ird book ( our hi/ory1 0 8 s*ol>4 ,( ,dom5ico ,bec]i1 a respectable pupil ( ,puligo1 & ( "s o!rs ( little note1 ,i h no?+ fur!r to add4 ,angiolo ,bronz9o 0 ano!r fri5d ( ,vas>i1 ne>ly ( ! same age1 & 0 enum]at$ among ! m em95t arti/s1 f ! grace ( 8 c\nt5ances1 & ! agreeabl5ess ( 8 compositions4 ,he is likewise e/eem$ z a poet4 ,8 poems 7 pr9t$ along ) ^? ( ,b]ni2 & "s ( 8 lett]s on pa9t+ are pres]v$ 9 ! collection ( ,bott>i4#bjd ,al?\gh ! s*ol> & foll[] ( ,pontormo1 he also recals ,mi*elangiolo to our recollection4 ,8 frescos 9 ! old palace are prais$1 adorn+ a *apel1 on ! walls ( :i* he repres5t$ ! ,fall ( ,manna1 & ! ,sc\rge ( ! ,s]p5ts1 hi/ories full ( p[] & _s2 al?\gh ! pa9t+s on ! ceil+ d n correspond ) !m1 be+ defici5t 9 ! l9e ( p]spective4 ,"s ( 8 alt>-pieces are to be se5 9 ! *ur*es ( ,flor5ce1 sev]al ( !m feebly execut$1 ) figures ( angels1 ^: beauty appe>s too s(t & effem9ate4 ,!re are _m1 on ! o!r h&1 extremely beautiful1 su* z 8 ,pieta at ,s4 ,m>ia ,nuova1 & likewise 8 ,limbo at ,santa ,croce1 9 an alt> belong+ to ! noble family ( ,riccasoli4 ,?is picture is bett] suit$ = an academy ( design1 f ! nak$ figure1 ?an = a *ur*2 b ! pa9t] 0 too mu* atta*$ to ,mi*elangiolo to avoid imitat+ him ev5 9 ?is error4 ,?is picture has be5 lately v well repair$4 ,_m ( 8 portraits are 9 ,italian collections ( pa9t+s1 :i* are praisewor?y = _! tru? & _s2 b _! "* is frequ5tly dim9i%$ by ! col\r ( ! fle%1 :i* sometimes p>takes ( a lead5 hue1 at o!r times appe>s ( a dead :ite1 on :i* ! r$ appe>s l r\ge4 ,b a yell[i% t9t is ! pr$om9ant col\r 9 8 pictures1 & 8 greate/ fault is a want ( relief4 ,! succe$+ arti/s1 :o are *iefly ,flor5t9es1 are nam$ by ,vas>i 9 ! ,obsequies ( ,bon>ruoti1 9 ! memoirs ( ! academicians1 writt5 ab\t ! ye> #aefg1 & 9 sev]al o!r places4 ,_! works are scatt]$ ov] ! city1 & _m ( !m are to be f\nd 9 ! cloi/] ( ,s4 ,m>ia ,novella4 ,if ^! semicircul> pictures _h n be5 ret\*$ & alt]$1 ?is place w\ld be1 ) reg>d to ?is epo*1 :at ! cloi/] ( ! ,olivet9es 9 ,bologna is to t ( ! ,c>acci2 an era1 inde$1 m auspici\s = ! art1 b n m int]e/+ 9 an hi/orical po9t ( view4 ,ano!r collection1 ( :i* ,i h spok5 9 my description ( ! t5? cab9et ( ! royal gall]y1 is bett] pres]v$1 & inde$ is q p]fect4 ,x n[ occupies ano!r ap>tm5t4 ,x consi/s ( ?irty-f\r fabul\s & hi/orical pictures1 pa9t$ on ! panels ( a writ+ desk = ,pr9ce ,francesco1#bje by v>i\s arti/s ( ?is epo*4 ,vas>i1 to :om ! "w 0 entru/$1 !re repres5t$ ,&rom$a deliv]$ by ,p]seus1 & procur$ ! assi/ance ( ! academicians1 :o ?us emulat$ ea* o!r1 & /rove to recomm5d !mselves to ! c\rt4 ,mo/ ( !m h put _! names to _! "w2#bjf &1 if ! defects common to t age1 or peculi> to ! individual1 are "h & !re visible 9 ! "w1 x demon/rates t ! light ( pa9t+ 0 n yet ext+ui%$ 9 ,flor5ce4 ,nev]!less1 ,i advise him :o exam9es ?is collection1 to susp5d 8 judgm5t on ! m]its ( ^? arti/s until he has consid]$ _! o!r productions 9 _! own c\ntry or at ,rome1 :]e "s ( !m h a place 9 ! *oice/ collections4 ,!y may be divid$ 9 sev]al s*ools3 we %all beg9 ) t ( ,angiolo4 ,aless&ro ,allori1 ! nephew & pupil ( ,bronz9o1 ^: surname he sometimes inscrib$ on 8 pictures1 is reckon$ inf]ior to 8 uncle4 ,:olly int5t ^u anatomy1 ( :i* he gave f9e examples 9 ! ,tribune ( ! ,s]vi1 & on :i* he compos$ a treatise = ! use ( pa9t]s1 he did n suffici5tly att5d to ! o!r bran*es ( ! art4 ,"s ( 8 pictures 9 ,rome1 repres5t+ horses1 are beautiful2 & 8 sacrifice ( ,isaac1 9 ! royal museum1 is col\r$ almo/ 9 ! ,flemi% /yle4 ,8 p[] ( expression is manife/$ by 8 picture ( ! ,woman tak5 9 ,adult]y 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,holy ,_s4 ,he 0 exp]t 9 portrait pa9t+2 b he abus$ ?is tal5t by introduc+ portraits 9 ! mod]n co/ume 9 anci5t hi/ories1 a fault n uncommon 9 t age4 ,on ! :ole 8 g5ius appe>s to h be5 equal to e bran* ( pa9t+2 b x 0 unequally ex]cis$1 & consequ5tly unequally exp&$4 ,he pa9t$ mu* = =eign]s1 & enjoy$ ! e/eem ( ! ducal family1 :o employ$ him to f9i% ! pictures at ,poggio a ,caiano1 begun by ,&rea del ,s>to1 ,franciabigio1 & ,pontormo1 & by !m left m or less imp]fect4 ,opposite to ^! pictures he pa9t$1 f 8 own inv5tion1 ! ,g>d5s ( ! ,hesp]ides1 ! ,fea/ ( ,syphax1 & ,titus ,flam9ius dissuad+ ! ,etolians f ! ,a*aean league2 all :i* hi/orical subjects1 z well z ^? ( ,caes> & ,cic]o1 7 *os5 z symbols ( simil> ev5ts 9 ! lives ( ,cosmo & ,lor5zo de' ,m$ici4 ,su* 0 ! mann] ( ?9k+ 9 t age2 & mod]ns p]sonifi$ 9 anci5t h]oes obta9$ a less direct1 b high] hon\r f ! art4 ,giovanni ,bizzelli1 a disciple ( ,aless&ro1 ( middl+ tal5ts1 pa9t$ 9 ,s4 ,gio4 ,decollato1 at ,rome1 & 9 "s ,flor5t9e *ur*es4 ,cri/(ano1 a son ( ,aless&ro1 became em95t2 b he is to be consid]$ h]eaft]4 ,santi ,titi1 ( ,citta ,san ,sepolcro1 a s*ol> ( ,bronz9o & ,cell9i1 /udi$ long at ,rome1 :5ce he return$1 ) a /yle full ( sci5ce & ( grace4 ,8 beautiful is )\t mu* ( ! ideal2 b 8 c\nt5ances exhibit a c]ta9 fulness1 an appe>ance ( fre%ness & ( heal?1 t is surpass$ by none ( ^? :o took nature = _! model4 ,design 0 8 *>act]i/ic excell5ce2 & = ?is he 0 comm5d$ by 8 imitator1 ,salvator ,rosa4 ,9 expression he has few sup]iors 9 o!r s*ools1 & none 9 8 own4 ,8 ornam5ts are judici\s2 & hav+ practis$ ar*itecture ) applause1 he introduc$ p]spectives1 t gave a dignity & *>m to 8 compositions4 ,he is e/eem$ ! be/ pa9t] ( ?is epo*1 & belongs to x r f ! "t 9 :i* he liv$ ?an 8 /yle2 if we except 8 col\r+1 :i* 0 too feeble1 & )\t mu* relief4 ,borgh9i1 at once 8 critic & apologi/1 rem>ks t ev5 9 ?is dep>tm5t he 0 n defici5t1 :5 he *ose to ex]t himself2 & he seems to h /udi$ x 9 ! ,fea/ ( ,emmaus1 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,holy ,cross at ,flor5ce1 9 ! ,resurrection ( ,laz>us1 9 ! ca!dral ( ,volt]ra1 & 9 a picture at ,citta di ,ca/ello1 9 :i* he repres5ts ! fai?ful receiv+ ! ,holy ,_s f ! h&s ( ! ,apo/les2 a pa9t+ t may be view$ ) pleasure1 ev5 aft] ! ?ree by ,raffaello :i* adorn t city4 ,among 8 num]\s pupils 9 design1 we may reckon 8 son ,tib]io2 b ?is arti/ att5d$ less to ! pursuits ( 8 fa!r1 ?an to pa9t+ small portraits 9 v]milion1 9 :i* he _h s+ul> m]it2 ^! 7 readily receiv$ into ! collection =m$ by ,c>d9al ,leopold1 :i* n[ =ms a s+le cab9et 9 ! royal museum4 ,two o!r ,flor5t9es are wor?y ( notice1 viz4 ,ago/9o ,ciampelli1 :o fl\ri%$ 9 ,rome "u ,clem5t ,,viii42 & ,lodovico ,buti1 :o rema9$ at ,flor5ce4 ,!y resemble tw9s by ! simil>ity betwe5 !m2 less sci5tific1 less inv5tive1 & less able 9 composition1 ?an ,titi1 !y possess$ f9e ideas1 7 correct 9 design1 & *e]ful 9 _! col\r+1 beyond ! usage ( ! ,flor5t9e s*ool2 b !y 7 some:at crude1 & at times pr(use 9 ! use ( r$ t9ts n suffici5tly h>moniz$4 ,frescos by ! fir/ may be se5 9 ! ,sacri/y at ,rome1 & ! *apel ( ,s4 ,&rea al ,gesu1 & an oil pa9t+ ( ! ,crucifixion at ,s4 ,prass$e1 9 8 be/ mann]4 ,a ,visitation1 ) its two companions1 at ,s4 ,/eph5 ( ,pescia1 may be reckon$ among 8 *oice/ works2 to :i* ! vic9ity ( ,ti>9i does little injury4 ,! second may be recognis$ by a picture ( ! miracle ( ! loaves & fi%es1 ab\nd+ 9 figures1 :i* is 9 ! royal gall]y4 ,baccio ,ci>pi1 a pupil ( ! same s*ool1 is celebrat$ z ! ma/] ( ,b]rett9i1 & des]ves to be comm5d$ = 8 dilig5ce & correctness4 ,he 0 ?\ght wor?y ( be+ employ$ at ,la ,concezione at ,rome1 a mo/ spl5did gall]y1 pa9t$ by ! greate/ arti/s ( t age4 ,a portrait ( "o ,&rea ,boscoli1 8 pupil & imitator1 rema9s 9 ! royal museum ( ,flor5ce1 & _m ( 8 pa9t+s ) horses are disp]s$ ?r\gh ! city4 ,he travell$ into diff]5t p>ts1 leav+ v>i\s specim5s ( 8 art 9 diff]5t c\ntries1 at ,s4 ,g9esio1 at ,fabriano1 & o!r places 9 ! di/rict ( ,pic5o4 ,8 l>ge/ "w is a ,s4 ,john ! ,bapti/ 9 ! attitude ( pray]1 at ! ,t]esiani ( ,rim9o2 a picture t %ews inv5tion1 b x 0 unkn[n to ,bald9ucci1 :o compil$ anecdotes ( ?is arti/4 ,con/ant9o de' ,s]vi is conjectur$ by ,bald9ucci to be a s*ol> ( ,titi4 ,he is well kn[n to h be5 orig9ally 8 imitator1 & hav+ gone into ,g]many1 !re adopt$ ! /yle ( ,p\rbus4 ,9 =eign c\ntries he seems to h pa9t$ few portraits1 a bran* 9 :i* he _h great] m]it ?an employm5t4 ,8 celebrity 0 great] z a ma/] ar*itect & engrav] ( gems1 z we %all notice 9 a subsequ5t epo*4 ,9 clos+ ! acc\nt ( ! s*ool ( ,santi1 x may be prop] to obs]ve1 t 8 example reclaim$ a great proportion ( ! succe$+ g5]ation1 & incl9$ arti/s to mitigate ! sev]ity ( ! /yle ( ,mi*elangiolo1 by introduc+ m grace 9 ! cont\rs1 & a bett] ta/e 9 ! heads4 ,bati/a ,nald9i holds ! ?ird rank among ! s*ol>s ( ,bronz9o4 ,he 0 fir/ ! pupil ( ,pontormo1 aft]w>ds ( ,bronz9o1 & hav+ resid$ "s "t at ,rome1 he 0 *os5 by ,vas>i z ! companion ( 8 lab\rs 9 ! old palace1 & reta9$ by him ab\t f\rte5 ye>s4 ,! hi/orian makes hon\rable m5tion ( ,nald9i1 ev5 :5 a "y man1 & d5om9ates him a pa9t] skilful & vigor\s1 exp$iti\s & indefatigable4 ,nald9i obta9$ simil> praise 9 ,rome f ,baglione1 especially = ! *apel ( ,john ! ,bapti/1 at ,tr9ita de' ,monti1 :i* he pa9t$ ) ! hi/ory ( ! sa9t4 ,he pa9t$ _m pictures 9 8 native city1 "s ( :i*1 z ! tak+ d[n f ! ,cross1 & ! ,purification ( ! ,virg91 are comm5d$ by ,borgh9i = ! col\r+ & ! design1 = ! disposition1 ! p]spective1 & ! attitudes4 ,! defects obs]vable 9 mo/ ( 8 pictures are1 t ! knees are r too mu* swoll51 ! eyes too op51 & m>k$ ) a c]ta9 fi]c5ess1 by :i* he may be g5]ally recogniz$2 8 col\r+ is also *>act]i/ic1 & ^? *angeable hues 9 :i* he delight$ m ?an any o!r arti/ ( ! age4 ,he taught accord+ to ! me?od !n pursu$ by mo/ ma/]s1 :i* 0 to employ 8 s*ol>s 9 design+ aft] ! *alk draw+s ( ,mi*elangiolo1 & to give !m 8 own f9i%$ pictures to copy2 =1 l bees1 arti/s 7 exce$+ly anxi\s to "w 9 secret1 & ready to w\nd all :o ov]look$ !m4 ,bald9ucci has record$ sev]al in/ances ( ?is peculi>ity4 ,f ^! circum/ances ! fault ( ! s*ol>s ( ,nald9i 0 /iffness1 ! common fail+ ( t age2 !y _h little ( t free t\* & ta/e 9 col\r+ :i* he possess$1 b yet !y des]ve to be record$4 ,giovanni ,balducci1 call$ also ,cosci1 f ! surname ( 8 mat]nal uncle1 0 long 8 assi/ant4 ,8 ,la/ ,supp] 9 ! ca!dral1 ! ,f9d+ ( ! ,cross at ! ,crocetta1 8 hi/orical compositions 9 ! cloi/] ( ! ,domecans at ,flor5ce1 & 9 ,s4 ,prass$e at ,rome1 prove 8 g5ius to h be5 m ref9$ ?an t ( 8 ma/]4 ,to second ! latt]1 he n[ & !n1 p]haps1 w5t beyond 8 prov9ce1 & to "s1 8 attitudes at times appe> affect$4 ,he resid$ & di$ at ,naples1 & he is des]v$ly prais$ by ! hi/orians ( t city4 ,cosimo ,gamb]ucci appe>s to h aim$ at a totally diff]5t object4 ,on exam9+ a great "p ( 8 works1 we may say ( him1 z 0 obs]v$ ( ! anci5t arti/1 t he has n sacrific$ to ! ,graces4 ,he seems f9ally to h improv$1 = he has left "s f9e pictures1 wor?y ( ! foll[+ epo*4 ,pet] heal+ ! lame 9 ,s4 ,pi] ,maggiore1 a picture 9 ! /yle ( ! ,c>acci1 is ! "w ( 8 h&4 ,! ,s]vitian monks h a good picture by him 9 _! public hall2 & 8 holy families & cab9et pictures ( a high class are to be met ) 9 ! city4 ,! ,cav4 ,francesco ,currado _h a /ill bett] opportunity ( improvem5t1 = he liv$ n9ety-"o ye>s1 con/antly employ$ 9 pa9t+ & 9 tea*+4 ,"o ( 8 be/ pictures is on ! alt> ( ,s4 ,sav]io1 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,giovann9o4 ,he 0 v em95t 9 small figures1 & 9 ?is /yle he pa9t$ ! hi/ory ( ! ,magdal51 & especially ! m>tyrdom ( ,s4 ,tecla1 ( ! royal gall]y1 :i* are works ( 8 be/ "t4 ,9 ! same s*ool we may include ,val]io ,m>ucelli1 & ,cosimo ,daddi1 bo? arti/s ( "s m]it2 ! second is memorable = 8 celebrat$ pupil ,volt]rano1 9 ^: native place he m>ri$1 & two ( 8 alt>-pieces /ill rema9 !re4 ,giovanni ,m>ia ,butt]i1 & ,lor5zo dello ,scior9a1 7 two o!r s*ol>s ( ,bronz9o1 & assi/$ ,vas>i 9 ! above m5tion$ pictures on ! escrutoire1 & 9 8 prep>ations = fe/ivals4 ,! fir/ imitat$ ,vas>i1 8 ma/]1 & ,titi2 b at all times 8 col\r+ 0 inh>moni\s2 ! second has little to boa/ ( beyond 8 design4 ,bo? are hon\rably m5tion$ among ! academicians2 z is also ,/efano ,pi]i1 :o assi/$ ,vas>i 9 ! cupola ( ! metropolitan *ur*4 ,! sacrifice ( ,isaac1 ( ! ,pitti palace1 is ascrib$ to him1 & x is ! be/ ( 8 works execut$ at ,rome1 :i* are c5sur$ z h>d & dry by ,baglione4 ,cri/(ano dell',altissimo1 ^: tal5t lay 9 portrait pa9t+1 may be add$ to ^!4 ,giovio _h =m$ ! celebrat$ collection ( portraits ( illu/ri\s m51 :i* is /ill pres]v$ at ,como1 ?\gh n[ divid$ betwe5 ! two families ( ! ,conti ,giovio1 "o ( :i* possesses ! portraits ( le>n$ m51 ! o!r ^? ( w>riors4 ,f ?is collection1 :i* ! prelate /yl$ 8 museum1 t /ill exi/+ at ,mondragone 0 copi$1 & also ! collection n[ 9 ! ,flor5t9e gall]y1 by ! lab\rs ( ,cri/(ano1 :o 0 s5t = t purpose to ,como by ,cosmo ,i4 ,he copi$ ! features ( ^? celebrat$ m51 b att5d$ little to o!r circum/ances2 :5ce x happ5s t ! ,giovian collection exhibits _m v dissimil> mann]s1 ! ,m$icean "o alone2 b ! features ( ! orig9als are v fai?fully express$4 ,mi*ele di ,ridolfo del ,ghirl&aio in/ruct$ _m arti/s 9 ?is epo*4 ,f 8 s*ool1 proce$$ ,girolamo ,mac*ietti1 or ,g4 del ,crocifissaio1 ! assi/ant ( ,vas>i = six ye>s1 :o aft]w>ds /udi$ = two ye>s at ,rome1 ?\gh already an adept 9 ! art4 ,8 example m]its imitation1 = t s*ool speaks m to ! eye ?an ! e>2 & he :o !re employs 8 eyes judici\sly1 _c fail to reap ! advantage4 ,aft] 8 return to ,flor5ce he f9i%$ a few valuable pictures ) c>e & assiduity1 among :i* may be notic$ an ,epiphany = ! *apel ( ! ,m>quis ,della ,/ufa1 at ,s4 ,lor5zo1 & a m>tyrdom ( ,s4 ,lor5zo ,s4 ,m>ia ,novella1 :i* is greatly prais$ by ,lomazzo4 ,borgh9i also1 aft] comm5d+ ! beauty1 ! expression1 & ! picture 9 g5]al1 sc>cely f\nd any ?+ to c5sure4 ,x is c]ta9ly among ! mo/ /rik+ pictures 9 t *ur*4 ,mac*ietti also w5t to ,spa91 & 0 n a little employ$ at ,naples & at ,b5ev5to1 :]e he is said to h pa9t$ 8 be/ pictures4 ,9 ! ,dizion>io ,/orico ( ! pr(essors ( ! f9e arts at ,urb9o 7,colucci tom4 xxxi47 ,i f9d m5tion t ,girolamo ,mac*ietti produc$ "s battle-pieces = ! hall ( ! ,albani at ,s4 ,giovanni2 b ,i see no reason :y he %\ld be admitt$ to a place among native arti/s belong+ to t city1 or to ! /ate ( ,urb9o4 ,vas>i m5tions ,&rea del ,m+a1 !n a y\?1 z contempor>y ) ,mac*ietti2 yet he is reckon$ by ,orl&i & ,bott>i1 ! fell[ /ud5t ( ,mi*elangiolo4 ,he 0 among ! la/ pupils ( ,ridolfo del ,ghirl&aio1 :5 ! s*ool 0 *iefly "u ! direction ( ,mi*ele2 & h5ce he r foll[$ ! latt] ?an ! =m]4 ,8 own works are by no means among ! mo/ excell5t4 ,9 ! ,pray] 9 ! ,g>d51 :i* rema9s 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,holy ,cross1 he rivals any ( 8 contempor>ies2 & h5ce x is alleg$1 t he 0 assi/$ 9 ?is picture by ?ree ( 8 fri5ds4 ,francesco ,traballesi1 m5tion$ by ,baglione z ! pa9t] ( "s hi/orical frescos 9 ! ,greek *ur* at ,rome1 0 a pupil ( ,mi*ele1 b liv$ too %ort a "t to d him hon\r4 ,! fable ( ,danae1 on ! writ+ desk1 is ! "w ( 8 bro!r ,b>tolommeo4 ,ab\t ?is "t liv$ ,b]n>d9o ,b>batelli1 surnam$ ,poccetti1 an arti/ omitt$ by ,vas>i 9 ! s*ool ( ,mi*ele1 & 9 ! catalogue ( ! academicians2 because at t p]iod he pa9t$ only grotesques & fronts ( build+s1 9 :i*1 ?\gh he _h arriv$ at great em95ce1 he _h n ! reputation he aft]w>ds atta9$ 9 ,rome z an ar*itect1 f assidu\sly /udy+ ! works ( ,raffaello1 & ( o!r great ma/]s4 ,he subsequ5tly return$ to 8 native place1 n only a pleas+ & graceful figuri/1 b ri* & le>n$ 9 8 compositions2 h5ce he 0 enabl$ to adorn 8 hi/orical subjects ) beautiful l&scapes1 ) sea-views1 ) fruit1 & fl[]s1 n to m5tion ! magnific5ce ( 8 drap]ies1 & tape/ries1 :i* he imitat$ to admiration4 ,v few ( 8 pictures on panel or on canvass1 b _m ( 8 frescos1 rema9 9 almo/ e corn] ( ,flor5ce2 nor does he yield to _m ,italian ma/]s 9 ?is art4 ,pietro da ,cortona us$ to express 8 a/oni%m5t t he 0 9 8 "t less e/eem$ ?an he m]it$2 & ,m5gs nev] came to ,flor5ce )\t go+ to /udy him1 & dilig5tly se>*+ aft] 8 mo/ =gott5 frescos4 ,he (t5 pa9t$ ) c>eless ha/e1 l a class ( poets ^: m9ds are imbu$ ) ,p>nassian fury & f9e imag]y1 & :o recite v]ses ) little prep>ation1 & ) little tr\ble4 ,he is1 h[ev]1 always to be admir$1 always %ews facility & fre$om1 ) t resolute & firm p5cil :i* nev] makes an errone\s t\*2 a circum/ance f :i* he has be5 d5om9at$ ! ,paul ( 8 s*ool4 ,he (t5 /udi$ & made great prep>ation = 8 works1 & correct$ 8 outl9e z "o w\ld d 9 m9iature pa9t+4 ,:oev] wi%es to e/imate ! p[]s ( ?is arti/ %\ld exam9e ! ,miracle ( ! dr[n$ re/or$ to life 9 ! cloi/] ( ! ,santissima ,nunziata1 a picture reckon$ by "s connoisseurs among ! be/ 9 ! city4 ,8 fresco works are to be met ) ne>ly ?r\gh\t all ,tuscany1 & 8 circul> pictures 9 ! cloi/] ( ! ,s]vi at ,pi/oja1 are greatly comm5d$4 ,maso ,manzuoli1 or ,m4 di ,s4 ,friano1 a s*ol> ( ,pi]francesco di ,jacopo & ( ,portelli1 is e/eem$ equal to ,nald9i & ,allori by ,vas>i4 ,nor w ?is appe> /range to any "o :o beholds 8 ,visitation1 :i*1 = _m ye>s1 decorat$ ,s4 ,pi] ,maggiore1 & 0 aft]w>ds c>ri$ to ,rome1 :]e x 0 deposit$ 9 ! gall]y ( ! ,vatican4 ,x 0 pa9t$ :5 he 0 ab\t ?irty ye>s ( age2 &1 9 ! op9ion ( ! hi/orian1 x ab\nds ) beauty & grace 9 ! figures1 9 ! drap]ies1 9 ! ar*itecture1 & 9 e o!r circum/ance4 ,?is is 8 f9e/ "w1 & is ev5 among ! be/ ( t age4 ,9 8 o!r pictures at ,s4 ,tr9ita1 9 ! ducal gall]y1 & else:]e1 he is some?+ dry2 & may be comp>$ to "s writ]s :o1 ?\gh !y (f5d n aga9/ gramm>1 are n entitl$ to ! praise ( eloqu5ce4 ,aless&ro ,fei1 or ,a4 del ,b>bi]e1 0 8 companion1 & p>tly 8 s*ol>4 ,?is arti/1 :o pa9t$ 9 private1 receiv$ 8 fir/ in/ruction 9 ! s*ool ( ,ghirl&aio1 & ( ,pi]o ,francia4 ,he _h a bold & f]tile g5ius1 adapt$ to l>ge hi/orical frescos1 9 :i* he introduc$ f9e ar*itecture & grotesques4 ,9 8 pictures he att5d$ m to design & expression ?an to col\r+2 except 9 "s pieces1 suppos$ to be 8 la/ productions1 & execut$ aft] ! re=mation ( ! art by ,cigoli4 ,8 picture ( ! ,flagellation 9 ,s4 ,croce is highly approv$ by ,borgh9i4 ,bald9ucci admires him1 especially 9 small hi/orical subjects1 su* z1 among/ ! pieces on ! writ+ desk1 are ! ,daniel at ! ,fea/ ( ,bel%azz>1 & t ( ! goldsmi?'s art4 ,f$]igo ,zucc>o may be reckon$ among ! in/ructors ( ! arti/s ( ?is epo*2 = :il/ employ$ 9 pa9t+ ! cupola ( ! ca!dral1 :]e ,vas>i _h only f9i%$ a few figures at 8 dea?1 he taught pa9t+ to ,b>tolommeo ,c>ducci1 :o became an ar*itect & /atu>y "u ,amannati1 & an artific] 9 /ucco "u ano!r ma/]4 ,c>ducci acquir$ di/9ction by ^? tal5ts 9 ! c\rt ( 8 ,ca?olic ,maje/y1 :]e he 0 introduc$ by ,zucc>o2 & :]e he e/abli%$ himself & 8 y\ng] bro!r & pupil1 ,v9c5zio4 ,bo? are m5tion$ by ,palom9o among ! em95t arti/s :o pa9t$ 9 ! c\rt ( ,spa94 ,bo? mu/ be well kn[n !re2 especially ! latt]1 :o liv$ b little at ,flor5ce1 & :o pa9t$ m pictures :5 9 ! s]vice ( ,philip ,,iii4 & ,philip ,,iv4 ?an any ( 8 pr$ecessors or successors4 ,he pr9t$ a dialogue 9 ! ,spani% tongue1 ,de las ,excel5cias de la ,p9tura1 f :i* ,bald9ucci has quot$ "s passages 9 ! acc\nt ( ?is arti/4 ,( "s ( ! arti/s m5tion$ by ,vas>i z 8 assi/ants 9 ! decoration ( ! palace1 9 ! prep>ations = ! m>riage ( ,pr9ce ,francesco1 9 ! fun]al obsequies ( ,bon>ruoti1 or 9 ! collection ( pictures on ! writ+ desk1 ! ma/]s are unkn[n2 & ! k w\ld be ( little consequ5ce4 ,su* arti/s are ,dom5ico ,b5ci1 & ,tommaso del ,v]roc*io1 :om he names 9 8 ?ird volume at page #hgc1 & ,f$]igo di ,lamb]to1 a ,flem+1 call$ ,f4 del ,padovano1 :om he _h a little be=e notic$ z a new citiz5 ( ,flor5ce1 & z a consid]able ornam5t to ! academy4 ,omitt$ by ,vas>i1 b inscrib$ on ! writ+ desk1 we f9d ! names ( ,niccolo ,betti1 :o pa9t$ ! /ory ( ,caes>2 ( ,vittor ,cas9i1 :o !re repres5t$ ! ,=ge ( ,vulcan2 ( ,mirabello ,cavalori1 :o p\rtray$ ,lav9ia ,sacrific+1 & also ! emblems ( ! art ( weav+2 ( ,jacopo ,coppi1 :o !re pa9t$ ! ,family ( ,d>ius1 & ! inv5tion ( gunp[d]4 ,i suspect t !y 7 all s*ol>s ( ,mi*ele2 & ,vas>i has m ?an once ?us g5]ally notic$ !m4 ,p]haps ,cavalori is ! ,sal9corno m5tion$ 9 ano!r place1 & ,coppi is believ$ to be t ,jacopo di ,meglio1 :o is m sev]ely treat$ by ,borgh9i ?an any o!r 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,holy ,cross2 & n )\t reason2 = 8 ,ecce ,homo 9 t place has all ! defects ( ?is epo*4 ,:e!r ,coppi is to be id5tifi$ ) ?is p]son or n1 he _c be equally repreh5d$ = 8 pictures on ! writ+ desk2 & 9 ,s4 ,salvator at ,bologna1 he produc$ a picture ( ! ,r$eem] ,crucifi$ by ! ,jews1 t might vie ) ! be/ pictures 9 t city previ\s to ! "t ( ! ,c>acci1 & is yet "o ( ^? mo/ full ( subject & mo/ c>efully /udi$4 ,he imitat$ ,vas>i 9 col\r+1 & 9 propriety ( inv5tion1 9 v>iety ( figures1 & 9 dilig5ce 9 e "p1 ,i h se5 no picture ( ,vas>i by :i* x is surpass$4 ,x be>s ! date ( #aegi1 toge!r ) 8 "n4 ,!re is an acc\nt ( two ( 8 frescos 9 ! ,guida di ,roma2 "o ( :i*1 v copi\s 9 subject1 is plac$ 9 ! tribune ( ,s4 ,pietro 9 ,v9coli4 ,to ! same p]iod belongs ! "n ( ,pi]o di ,ridolfo1 by :om !re is a l>ge alt>-piece1 consi/+ ( ! ,asc5sion1 & be>+ ! date #afab2 x is suppos$ t he took 8 "n f ! la/ ( ! ,ghirl&ai1 9 ^: s]vice he may h be5 dur+ 8 e>ly life4 ,:oev] may be desir\s ( add+ to ! li/ ( names1 w f9d a great numb] 9 a lett] ( ,borgh9i to ! ,pr9ce ,d4 ,francesco 7,lett4 ,pittor4 tom4 i4 p4 #ij71 9 :i* he sugge/s a plan = ! prep>ations ( ! ,pr9ce's nuptials1 z well z ! arti/s be/ qualifi$ to conduct !m4 ,! names1 h[ev]1 ,i "h give w\ld be m ?an amply suffici5t1 7 x n my wi% to illu/rate ,vas>i by e means 9 my p[]4 ,aft] consid]+ ! arti/s ( ,flor5ce1 on turn+ to ! re/ ( ,tuscany1 we f9d 9 _m places o!r associates ( ,giorgio1 :o1 p]haps1 _h z _m assi/ants 9 pa9t+ z bricklay]s 9 ar*itecture4 ,/efano ,veltroni1 ( ,monte ,sansav9o1 8 c\s91 0 a man ( sl[ p>ts1 b v respectable 9 ! art4 ,he assi/$ ,vas>i 9 ! v9ey>d ( ,pope ,julius2 or r he sup]9t5d$ ! grotesque works 9 t place2 & foll[$ 8 c\s9 to ,naples1 to ,bologna1 & to ,flor5ce4 ,i "k n :e!r ,orazio ,porta1 likewise a native ( ,sansav9o1 & ,aless&ro ,=tori ( ,arezzo1 ev] left ,tuscany2 !y appe> to h pa9t$ *iefly 9 _! native city & its vic9ity4 ,ba/iano ,flori & ,fra ,salvatore ,fos*i1 bo? natives ( ,arezzo1 7 employ$ 9 ! ,roman ,*anc]y1 along ) ,bagnacavallo1 & ! ,spani>ds ,ruviale & ,bizz]ra4 ,&rea ,aret9o1 ! s*ol> ( ,daniello1 liv$ at a lat] p]iod1 or at lea/ until #afae4bjg ,ab\t ?is "t ,citta ,san ,sepolcro 0 a sem9>y = pa9t]s1 :o 7 ei!r :olly or *iefly educat$ by ,raffaell9o2 & f ?is place ,vas>i invit$ n only ! ma/]1 b sev]al ( ! s*ol>s to assi/ him 9 8 lab\rs4 ,he 0 greatly assi/$ by ,cri/(oro ,gh]>di1 surnam$ ,doc5o1 ^: life he has writt54 ,?is arti/ 0 8 "r h&1 if we may be all[$ ! expression1 9 almo/ e place :]e he 0 mu* employ$4 ,gh]>di foll[$ 8 designs ) a fre$om result+ f a g5ius pliant1 copi\s1 & natural1 adapt$ to ornam5tal works4 ,su* 0 8 tal5t = manag+ fresco col\rs1 t ,vas>i pron\nces himself 8 inf]ior3 b ! grotesques ( ! ,vitelli palace1 :i* are :olly 8 own1 %ew him n to h be5 m vigor\s 9 8 col\r+4 ,! oil picture ( ! ,visitation 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,dom5ico1 at ,citta di ,ca/ello1 is entirely 8 own2 b ,vas>i does n m5tion x4 ,! upp] "p ( ! picture ( ,s4 ,m>ia del ,popolo1 at ,p]ugia1 is likewise 82 & is no less elegant & graceful1 ?an ! l[] "p1 :i* is ! "w ( ,lattanzio della ,m>ca1 is firm & vigor\s4 ,doc5o di$ 9 8 native place 9 #aeeb2 & ,cosmo ,i4 hon\r$ 8 tomb ) a bu/ ( m>ble1 & an epitaph1 9 :i* he is said to be ,p+5di arte prae/antissimus1 & ,vas>i1 :o _h approv$ ( 8 lab\rs 9 ! old palace1 is call$ hujus artis facile pr9ceps4 ,x is writt5 9 ! "n ( all ! ,tuscan pa9t]s1#bjh & is alone suffici5t to demon/rate ! /ate ( ?is s*ool1 & ! ta/e ( ,cosmo4 ,aft] ?is specim51 x is n surpris+ t ! pr9ce neglect$ to h 8 portrait pa9t$ by ,tiziano1 :om he w\ld e/eem little 9 comp>ison to 8 own ,vas>i4 ,x is a true obs]vation t virtues are n h]$it>y1 or1 z x is express$ by ! poet1 !y r>ely spr+ up aga9 9 ! bran*es4 ,leo ,x4 0 ! patron ( ! arts1 & he knew h[ to appreciate !m2 b ,cosmo enc\rag$1 )\t possess+ ta/e to discrim9ate4 ,! ,?ree ,cungi 7or ,congi1 z "s w h x7 are also claim$ by ,san ,sepolcro4 ,gio4 ,bati/a 0 ! s]vant ( ,vas>i = sev5 ye>s2 ,lion>do is describ$ to u z an em95t design]1 9 ! life ( ,p]9o1 & 9 t ( ,zucc>o is said to h be5 a pa9t] employ$ 9 ! pontifical palace ab\t #aefj1 along ) 8 c\ntryman ,durante del ,n]o4 ,= a k ( ! ?ird bro!r1 ,francesco1 ,i am indebt$ to my le>n$ fri5d ,sig4 ,annibale ,lancisi2 & ,i h s9ce receiv$ m p>ticul> in=mation f ,sig4 ,gia*i1 :o gives an acc\nt ( an alt>-piece ( ,s4 ,seba/iano1 9 ! ca!dral at ,volt]ra1 toge!r ) ! receipt = its pur*ase money 9 #aehg1 :]e he is call$ ,francesco di ,leon>do ,cugni da ,borgo4 ,at ,rome we _c judge prop]ly ( _! /yle1 b x may be discov]$ 9 _! own c\ntry1 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,rocco1 at ! conv5t ( ! ,oss]vanti1 & 9 o!r places4 ,_! compositions display great simplicity1 _! ideas are *iefly drawn f nature1 & !y att5d$ suffici5tly to col\r+4 ,raffaele ,scam9ossi1 a s*ol> ( ,raffaell9o1 pa9t$ 9 a simil> b some:at m lively mann]4 ,i le>n no?+ ( ,giovanni ,paolo del ,borgo1 except t he 0 ! assi/ant ( ,vas>i 9 8 v ha/y lab\rs 9 ! ,*anc]y1 ab\t #aede4 ,he _c be ! ,gio4 de' ,vec*i :o pa9t$ s mu* 9 ,rome1 z we are in=m$ by ,baglione2 & :o *iefly excell$ at ,capr>ola1 :5 cont5d+ ) ,taddeo ,zucc>o1 & 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,lor5zo 9 ,damaso1 9 ! v>i\s hi/ories ( ! ,m>tyr4 ,he appe>s to h arriv$ at a lat] p]iod1 z did ! ?ree ,alb]ti1 :o 7 ( a family 9 ,san ,sepolcro1 ab\nd+ 9 pa9t]s4 ,!y w5t to /udy at ,rome1 & easily =m$ !mselves on ! /yle common to arti/s 9 ! "t ( ,gregory ,,xiii4 ,!re !y took up _! abode1 & !re di$1 aft] hav+ execut$ _m works1 especially 9 fresco1 9 t city1 & also "s memorials ( _! art 9 _! native c\ntry4 ,! ca!dral conta9s a ,nativity by ,durante1 a subject :i* he h&l$ bett] 9 ! ,vallicella ( ,rome1 & :i* is1 p]haps1 8 be/ p]=mance 9 t city3 9 o!rs he is (t5 languid1 bo? 9 design & col\r+1 & appe>s r a labori\s arti/ ?an a man ( g5ius4 ,*]ub9o1 ! reput$ son ( ,mi*ele1 & ! assi/ant ( ,daniel di ,volt]ra1#bji 0 a celebrat$ engrav] on copp]1 & f ?is art he d]iv$ great assi/ance 9 design4 ,al?\gh late 9 apply+ to pa9t+1 he obta9$ a "n 9 ^? times4 ,8 proportions 7 light & spirit$2 8 *oirs ( angels 7 agreeable & orig9al2 8 p5cil+ & :ole composition 7 dext]\s & spontane\s4 ,su* is ! "* ( 8 ,tr9ity 9 ! ca!dral ( ,borgo1 9 :i* place !re rema9s ! facade ( a palace1 well conceiv$1 ornam5t$ ) arms1 g5ii1 & o!r fanciful devices4 ,he pa9t$ ! ceil+ ( ! *apel ( ,m9]va 9 ,rome ) v>i\s ornam5ts & figures1 on a gold5 gr\nd2 9 t city1 h[ev]1 he g5]ally assi/$ 8 y\ng] bro!r ,giovanni1 :o introduc$ a new era 9 p]spective2 n only by 8 works1 exi/+ 9 ! h\ses ( private individuals at ,san ,sepolcro1 & o!r cities1 b by ! fresco p]spectives :i* he execut$ at ,rome4 ,he claims admiration 9 ! sacri/y ( ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,gio4 ,lat]ano1 :]e he imitat$ ! sali5t & rec$+ angles ( ar*itecture2 & /ill m 9 ! gr& ,clem5t9e salon1 ! mo/ prodigi\s & exquisite "w 9 p]spective !n exi/+4 ,baglione highly comm5ds ! ,s4 ,clem5t & o!r figures ) :i* x is ornam5t$2 & rem>ks t !y are admirably =e%ort5$1 & are sup]ior to ^? ( ,*]ub9o1 :o 0 n s em95t 9 p]spectives4 ,baglione m5tions a ,francesco1 ! son ( ,durante1 :o di$ at ,rome4 ,i am unc]ta9 :e!r he is ! ,pi]francesco to :om we attribute ! ,asc5sion1 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,b>?olomew at ,borgo1 ) "s pictures ( no great m]it 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,john1 & 9 o!r places4 ,hi/ory m5tions also ,donato1 ,girolamo1 ,cosimo1 & ,aless&ro ,alb]ti1 ( :om ,i c collect no?+ fur!r4 ,! writ]s ( ,prato exalt _! c\ntryman1 ,dom5ico ,giuntaloc*io1 pupil to ,soggi1 9 ^: life ,vas>i m5tions ,dom5ico m z an eng9e] ?an a pa9t]4 ,he describes him z a correct portrait pa9t]1 b s extremely t>dy 9 8 works 9 fresco1 t he became tiresome to ! ,aret9i1 ) :om he = "s "t dwelt4 ,i _c po9t out any g5u9e picture f 8 h&2 b 8 memory is /ill fre% 9 ! m9ds ( 8 fell[ citiz5s1 because1 in/ead ( leav+ 8 native place ornam5t$ ) 8 pictures1 he left #aj1jjj cr[ns z a fund to be appropriat$ to ! education ( "y arti/s4 ,aft] ! dea? ( ,daniel1 8 s*ol> & relation ,giovanni ,paolo ,rossetti1 retir$ to ,volt]ra1 &1 z is atte/$ by ,vas>i1 execut$ works ( great m]it 9 ?is 8 native place2 among :i* we may reckon ! ,depo/o1 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,dalmatius4 ,at a %ort di/ance f ! city is a place :i* gave "n to ,niccolo dalle ,pom>ance1 ( ! family ( ,circignani4 ,vas>i describes him z a "y man ( ability4 ,he neglects to in=m u :o 0 8 ma/]2 b he appe>s to h be5 ,titi1 :om he assi/$ 9 ! great salon ( ! ,belvid]e palace4 ,he grew old 9 ,rome1 :]e he left num]\s specim5s ( ! lab\rs ( 8 p5cil1 :i* he employ$ ) fre$om1 & at a good price4 ,he %ew$ himself greatly sup]ior to ! arti/s ( ?is p]iod1 9 "s ( 8 works1 z 9 ! ,cupola ( ,s4 ,pud5ziana4 ,cavali] ,roncalli 0 a native ( ! same place2 !re are pictures by !m bo? at ,pom>ance2 :]e !re are also "s by ,antonio ,circignani1 ! son ( ! =m]1 an able arti/1 ?\gh little kn[n4 ,all ?ree w aga9 be treat$ ( 9 ! ?ird book4 ,pi/oia possess$ at ! same "t two s*ol>s ( ,ricci>elli2 ,biagio da ,cutigliano1 notic$ by ,vas>i1#baj & ,p4 ,biagio ,betti ,teat9o1 a m9iature pa9t]1 sculptor1 & hi/orical pa9t] ( m]it1 :om ,baglione repres5ts z con/antly employ$ 9 ! s]vice ( ! *ur* & conv5t to :i* he belong$4 ,leghorn gave bir? to ,jacopo ,rosignoli1 pupil ( an unkn[n ma/]1 :o liv$ 9 ,pi$mont1 :]e 8 works mu/ be s\ght4 ,baccio ,lomi1 ^: /yle mu* resembles t ( ,zucc>o1 rema9$ at ,pisa3 he owes mu* ( 8 skill & ( 8 reputation to 8 two nephews1 z we %all aft]w>ds relate4 ,?\gh unkn[n beyond ! limits ( 8 native c\ntry1 he mu/ n be pass$ ov] 9 sil5ce4 ,! ,assumption1 9 ! resid5ce ( ! ,canons1 & "s ( 8 o!r pictures1 p>ticipate ( ! h>dness ( ! age1 b exhibit v good design & col\r+4 ,paolo ,guidotti di/+ui%$ himself 9 ! neighb\r+ /ate ( ,lucca1 z a pa9t] ( g5ius & ( _s1 no less ?an a man ( lett]s1 & well gr\nd$ 9 anatomical k2 b 8 ta/e 0 n poli%$ & ref9$4 ,he came to ,rome 9 ! di/ract$ times ( ,gregory & ,sixtus1 & liv$ !re dur+ ! pontificate ( ,paul ,v41 :o creat$ him a knight1 & cons]vator ( ,rome3 he fur!r p]mitt$ him to assume ! additional "n ( ,borghese1 ! family "n ( ! pontiff4 ,_m ( 8 pa9t+s 9 fresco are pres]v$ at ,rome1 9 ! ,vatican libr>y1 9 ! ,apo/olic *amb]1 & 9 sev]al *ur*es3 ! arti/s ) :om he 0 associat$1 prove t he 0 reput$ a good arti/4 ,sev]al ( 8 pictures are 9 8 native place2 & !re is a l>ge piece repres5t+ ! ,republic1 9 ! palace4 ,girolamo ,massei pursu$ a simil> track1 only conf9+ himself to ! art ( pa9t+4 ,baglione1 :o gave an acc\nt ( him1 introduces him into ,rome z an arti/1 already mu* comm5d$ = 8 accuracy2 to :i* ,taia adds1 t he 0 bo? a good design] & col\ri/2 s mu* s z to lead u to di/+ui% him f ! cr[d ( ,gregorian & ,sixt9e practition]s1 9 ! same way t he 0 *os5 by ,p4 ,danti to ornam5t ! *amb]s ( ! ,vatican2 ( :i* m h]eaft]4 ,he return$ to 8 native place 9 8 old age1 n to employ himself anew1 b to die 9 tranquillity among 8 fri5ds4 ,b5$etto ,br&im>te1 ( ,lucca1 is m5tion$ by ,orl&i4 ,i saw a decollation ( ,s4 ,john by ?is arti/ 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,pet]1 at ,g5oa1 :i* 0 b a mis]able p]=mance2 a s+le production1 h[ev]1 is n suffici5t to decide ! "* ( an arti/4 ,! "n ( a ,pietro ,f]abosco is m5tion$ only by ! cont9uator ( ,orl&i2 he is suppos$ to h be5 a native ( ,lucca1 ?\gh he is ref]r$ to ! academy ( ,rome1 :]e he probably pursu$ 8 fir/ /udies2 ,i say probably1 because ! excell5ce ( 8 col\r+ 9 ! ,titian mann]1 w\ld lead me r to include him among ! ,v5etian arti/s4 ,!re are ?ree ( 8 half-l5g? figures1 toge!r ) 8 "n1 & ! date ( #afaf1 report$ z be+ 9 ! possession ( a g5tleman 9 ,portugal2 :]e he resid$1 mo/ likely1 a long] p]iod ?an 9 ,italy4 ,we h already notic$ "s ,tuscans :o acquir$ di/9ction 9 ! inf]ior bran*es ( pa9t+2 su* z ,veltroni1 ,con/ant9o de' ,s]vi1 ,zuc*i1 & ,alb]ti3 ,antonio ,tempe/i1 ( ,flor5ce1 a s*ol> bo? ( ,titi & ,/radano1 0 among ! fir/ to acquire a celebrat$ "n 9 ,italy = l&scapes & = battles4 ,he practis$ engrav+ on copp]1 prep>$ c>toons = tape/ry1 & gave scope to 8 g5ius 9 ! mo/ fanciful inv5tions 9 grotesque & ornam5tal "w4 ,he surpass$ 8 ma/] 9 _s1 & 0 inf]ior to none1 n ev5 to ! ,v5etians4 ,9 a ,lett] on ,pa9t+ by ! ,m>quis ,giu/9iani1#baa he is adduc$ z an example ( great _s 9 design1 a gift conf]r$ by nature1 & n to be acquir$ by art4 ,he attempt$ few ?+s on a l>ge scale1 & 0 n s successful z 9 small pictures4 ,! ,m>quis ,niccol9i1 ! ,ord] ( ! ,nunziata1 & sev]al ,flor5t9e families1 possess "s ( 8 battles pa9t$ on alaba/]1 9 :i* he appe>s ! precursor ( ,borgognone1 :o is said to h /udi$ him att5tively4 ,he mo/ frequ5tly pa9t$ 9 fresco1 z at ,capr>ola1 9 ! ,e/e ,villa at ,tivoli1 & 9 _m p>ts ( ,rome1 f ! "t ( ,gregory ,,xiii4 ,mo/ ( ! hi/orical pictures 9 ! ,vatican gall]y are ! "w ( 8 h&s2 ! figures are a palm & a half high1 & display a/oni%+ v>iety & _s1 accompani$ by beautiful ar*itecture & l&scapes1 ) e species ( decoration4 ,he is n1 h[ev]1 v correct2 & 8 t9ts are sometimes too mu* incl9$ to a br[ni% hue2 b all su* faults are p>donable 9 him1 z be+ occasion$ by t pictoric fury :i* inspir$ him1 t fancy :i* hurri$ him f e>?1 & conduct$ him ?r\gh novel & sublime regions1 unattempt$ by ! vulg> h]d ( arti/s4 ,footnote #aha3 ,all pa9t]s seem to wor%ip him z _! great ma/]1 pr9ce1 & god ( design4 ,x is ?us ,monsig4 ,claudio ,tolomei writes 9 a lett] to ,apollonio ,fil>eto1 t[>ds ! end ( ! fif? book4 ,su* is ! op9ion ( ! arti/s ( ! ,leon9e age1 :atev] may be ! judgm5t pass$ 9 ! age ( ,pius ,,vi4 ,footnote #ahb3 ,bald9ucci1 tom4 ix4 p4 #ce4 ,footnote #ahc3 ,he execut$ a picture ( ,s4 ,sigismund = ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,lor5zo1 at ! desire ( ! noble family ( ,m>telli1 :i* delight$ ! ,duke ,cosmo4 ,?is picture ought to be remov$ f ! alt>1 = ! t9ts are fad+4 ,footnote #ahd3 ,we le>n f ,pl9y1 t ,filoss5o ,eretrio1 cel]itatem praeceptoris 7,nicoma*i7 secutus breviores etiamnum quasdam picturae vias1 et comp5di>ias inv5it4 7,lib4 ,,xxxv4 cap4 #cf47 ,we p]ceive1 h[ev]1 f ! context1 t 8 pictures 7 no less p]fect on t acc\nt2 & ,i believe t ^? comp5di\s means 7 m p>ticul>ly connect$ ) ! me*anism ( ! art4 ,footnote #ahe3 ,see ,lett]e ,pittori*e1 tom4 ii4 let4 #b4 ,footnote #ahf3 ,bald4 tom4 ix4 p4 #ce4 ,footnote #ahg3 ,see 8 ,description ( ! prep>ations = ! m>riage ( ! ,pr9ce ,d4 ,francesco1 ( ,tuscany4 ,x is ins]t$ 9 volume xi4 ( ! ed4 ( ,si5a1 :i* we frequ5tly allude to4 ,footnote #ahh3 ,treatises by ! ,cav4 ,giorgio ,vas>i1 pa9t] & ar*itect ( ,arezzo1 ^u ! designs pa9t$ by him at ,flor5ce1 9 ! palace ( _! ,s]5e ,highnesses1 c42 toge!r ) ! design ( ! pa9t+ comm5c$ by him 9 ! cupola4 ,x is a po/hum\s "w1 suppli$ by 8 nephew ,giorgio ,vas>i1 :o publi%$ x 9 #aehh at ,flor5ce4 ,x 0 republi%$ at ,arezzo 9 #agfb1 9 #dto4 ,footnote #ahi3 ,he _h be5 well imbu$ ) lit]ature at ,arezzo1 &1 :5 a y\? at ,flor5ce1 he sp5t two h\rs e day along ) ,ippolito & ,aless&ro de' ,m$ici1 "u _! ma/] ,pi]io4 ,vas>i nella ,vita del ,salviati4 ,footnote #aij3 ,see ,lett4 ,pittori*e1 tom4 iii4 lett4 #ajd4 ,footnote #aia3 ,bott>i adduces an au!ntic docum5t ( ?is 9 8 ,preface1 page #f4 ,footnote #aib3 ,9 ! ,d$icatory ,lett] to ,cosmo ,i41 prefix$ to second edit4 ,footnote #aic3 ,see ,lett4 ,pittor4 tom4 iii4 let4 #bbf4 ,footnote #aid3 ,x is f\nd$ also on ,vas>i's rem>k1 9 8 ,life ( ,frate3 ,!re is likewise a portrait by ,f4 ,gio4 da ,fiesole1 ^: life we h giv51 :i* is 9 ! "p ( ! ,beati2 :i* _c1 obs]ves ,bott>i1 apply to any o!r except ,d4 ,silvano ,razzi1 au?or ( ! ,vite dei ,s4 ,s4 e ,beati ,toscani2 among :i* is f\nd t ( ,b4 ,giovanni4 ,b ?is indication w\ld be little2 or at lea/ x is n all4 ,! docum5t :i* cle>ly reveals ! fact1 has be5 po9t$ out to me by ! polite att5tion ( ,sig4 ,luigi de ,poirot1 ,secret>y to ! ,royal ,f9ances2 & ?is is 9 ! ,vite de' ,,ss4 e ,,bb4 dell' ord9e de' ,frati ,pr$icatori di ,s]af9o ,razzi ,dom5icano1 publi%$ aft] ! dea? ( ,vas>i1 9 ,flor5ce1 #aegg4 ,9 ^!1 treat+ ( works 9 ! f9e arts 9 ,s4 ,dom5ico at ,bologna1 he adds2 we _c give a p>ticul> acc\nt ( ^! hi/ories1 b :oev] is desir\s ( x may consult ! :ole1 9 ! ,lives ( ! ,pa9t]s1 ,sculptors1 & ,ar*itects1 writt51 = ! mo/ "p1 by ,d4 ,silvano ,razzi1 my bro!r1 = ! ,cav4 ,giorgio ,vas>i ( ,arezzo1 8 v intimate fri5d4 ,aft] su* in=mation1 we mu/ suppose t ,vas>i1 hav+ communicat$ 8 mat]ials to ?is monk1 receiv$ f him a great numb] ( ,lives1 t boa/ su* elegant prefaces & f9e reflections2 b t he "h & !re ret\*$ !m2 add+ ?+s ei!r f ha/e or inadv]t5cy1 n well connect$ ) ! context1 or repeat$ else:]e4 ,& 9 ?is way we may acc\nt = ! _m inconsi/5cies to be met ) 9 a numb] ( ,lives1 v f9ely writt51 b conta9+ passages t d n appe> to come f ! same p51 & frequ5tly make ! au?or contradict himself4 ,footnote #aie3 ,x is to be obs]v$ t ,bott>i wrote pr9cipally to m>k ! *anges t ! works describ$ by ,vas>i _h und]gone dur+ #bjj ye>s4 ,9 reg>d to ! em5dations po9t$ out by u1 he decl>es 9 ! ,preface1 t he c\ld n und]take !m = want ( "t1 heal?1 books1 & mo/ ( all1 incl9ation4 ,h[ev]1 we are indebt$ = n a few to him1 & also to ,p4 ,guglielmo1 ?\gh n equally s 9 e s*ool4 ,bo? are writ]s ( m]it2 ! =m] by 8 citations f pr9t$ works1 ! second = 8 in=mation ( ,,mss4 & un$it$ au?ors4 ,footnote #aif3 ,tom4 vii4 p4 #bdi4 ,footnote #aig3 ,vide ,taia ,descrizione del ,palazzo ,vaticano1 p4 #aa4 ,zucc>o did n s readily p>don ,vas>i1 ^: "w he not$ ) sev]ity3 z did also "o ( ! ?ree ,c>acci4 ,lett4 ,pittor4 tom4 iv4 lett4 #baj4 ,footnote #aih3 ,tom4 viii4 p4 #bjc4 ,footnote #aii3 ,p4 #aag4 ,footnote #bjj3 ,tom4 viii4 p4 #abc4 ,footnote #bja3 ,al?\gh ,i d n d5y1 t he %ews himself a little too mu* ! p>tizan1 he ought n to be defraud$ ( 8 due praise1 z is attempt$ by ! ignorant & invidi\s2 = ! completion ( su* an elegant & f9i%$ hi/ory mu/ h co/ him great /udy & rese>*1 & dem&$ mu* +5uity & discrim9ation4 ,idea del ,tempio1 c4 cap4 iv4 ,footnote #bjb3 ,lett4 ,pittor4 tom4 i4 p4 #aij4 ,footnote #bjc3 ,lett4 ,pittor4 tom4 iii4 p4 #ea4 ,footnote #bjd3 ,he exam9es ! "q1 !n ke5ly conte/$1 :e!r ,sculpture or ,pa9t+ 0 ! mo/ noble art4 ,he decides 9 fav\r ( 8 own pr(ession3 & !re are "s o!r lett]s 9 t volume on ! opposite side ( ! "q wor?y ( p]usal4 ,bon>ruoti1 on be+ ask$ ?is "q by ,v>*i1 0 unwill+ to give a decision4 7,see tom4 i4 p4 #g1 & p4 #bb47 ,aft] ,bon>ruoti's decease ! conte/ 0 r5ew$1 & prose & v]se compositions appe>$ on bo? sides4 ,lasca wrote 9 fav\r ( pa9t+1 :ile ,cell9i def5d$ sculpture4 7,see ,notes to ! ,rime ( ,lasca1 p4 #cad47 ,lomazzo is well wor?y ( notice 9 8 ,treatise1 lib4 ii4 p4 #aeh1 9 :i* he gives a ,,ms4 ( ,lion>do1 drawn up at ! reque/ ( ,lodovico ,s=za1 :]e he pref]s pa9t+ to ! si/] art4 ,footnote #bje3 ,= an acc\nt ( ?is writ+ desk1 :i* 0 made dur+ ! life ( ,cosmo ,i41 see ,bald9ucci1 tom4 x4 p4 #aed & #ahb4 ,footnote #bjf3 ,we !re may read ,allori1 ,titi1 ,buti1 ,nald9i1 ,cosci1 ,mac*ietti1 ,m+a1 ,butt]i1 ,scior9i1 ,sanfriano1 ,fei1 ,betti1 ,cas9i1 ,coppi1 & ,cavalori2 besides ,vas>i1 ,/radano1 & ,poppi1 already notic$4 ,footnote #bjg3 ,baglione1 9 ! ,life ( ,p4 ,biagio ,betti4 ,footnote #bjh3 ,pictores ,hetrusci4 ,footnote #bji3 ,vas>i calls him ,mi*ele ,fior5t9o1 & ! pa9t] ( ! ,slaught] ( ! ,innoc5ts1 :i* we h notic$ at page #ahg4 ,orl&i makes him ! fa!r ( ,*]ub9o1 an ass]tion :i* is n contradict$ by ,bott>i4 ,i foll[ ,baglione1 ! contempor>y ( ,*]ub9o1 :o says t he 0 ! son ( ,alb]to ,alb]ti1 an em95t engrav] on copp]4 ,footnote #baj3 ,vas>i writes ! "n da ,c>igliano1 9 :i* he has be5 foll[$ by o!r writ]s on ! art1 includ+ myself1 until ,i 0 in=m$ by ,sig4 ,ansaldi t x ought really to be writt5 ,cutigliano1 tak5 f a consid]able t]ritory 9 ! ,pi/oiese4 ,footnote #baa3 ,tom4 vi4 p4 #be4 ,,flor5t9e ,,s*ool4 ,,epo* ,,iv4 ,cigoli & 8 associates improve ! /yle ( ,pa9t+4 ,:il/ ! ,flor5t9es reg>d$ ,mi*elangiolo & 8 imitators z _! models1 !y exp]i5c$ ! fate ( ! poets ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 :o fix$ _! eyes on ,petr>ca & 8 foll[]s alone2 !y contract$ a /rong simil>ity ( /yle1 & diff]$ f ea* o!r only accord+ to _! individual tal5ts & g5ius4 ,z we h above rem>k$1 !y began to exhibit "s div]sity aft] ! age ( ,titi2 b !y 7 /ill languid col\ri/s1 & requir$ to be impell$ into ano!r c>e]4 ,ab\t #aehj ! p]iod _h at l5g? arriv$1 :5 !y began to ab&on ! mann] ( _! c\ntrym5 = t ( =eign arti/s2 & !n1 z we %all h occasion to %ew 9 treat+ ( ?is epo*1 ! ,flor5t9e /yles became firm & v>i$4 ,?is revolution orig9at$ ) two "y arti/s1 ,lodovico ,cigoli & ,gregorio ,pagani4 ,we le>n f ,bald9ucci1 t1 attract$ by ! celebrity ( ,b>occi1 & a picture :i* he _h rec5tly s5t f ,urb9o to ,arezzo1 :i* is n[ 9 ! royal gall]y at ,flor5ce1 !y w5t toge!r to see x2 !y exam9$ x att5tively1 & 7 s captivat$ ) ! /yle1 t !y imm$iately r5\nc$ ! mann] ( _! ma/]4 ,passignano foll[$ _! /eps1 cont9ues ,bald9ucci1 & ,cigoli1 9 8 company1 took a second j\rney z f> z ,p]ugia1 :5 ,b>occi _h complet$ 8 celebrat$ ,deposition f ! ,cross2 b "h ! hi/orian fell into a *ronological error1 inasmu* z ,bellori1 ! accurate writ] ( ,b>occi's life1 describes 8 picture at ,p]ugia z ant]ior to t at ,arezzo by sev]al ye>s4 ,9 :atev] way ! mi/ake ought to be cle>$ up1 x is c]ta9 t ,passignano promot$ ! views ( ,cigoli4 ,_! example turn$ ! ris+ g5]ation f ! old mann] to a m vigor\s /yle4 ,?is 0 m especially ! case ) ,empoli1 ) ,cav4 ,curradi1 & "s ( ^? above m5tion$1 :o 7 foll[$ by ,cri/(ano ,allori1 & ,rosselli1 arti/s t transmitt$ ! new me?od to _! new disciples4 ,!y did n1 h[ev]1 imitate ,b>occi s mu* z ,correggio1 :o 0 ! model ( ,b>occi4 ,unable to visit ,lomb>dy1 !y /udi$ ! few copies ( 8 pictures1 & /ill few] orig9als1 t 7 to be met ) 9 ,flor5ce1 9 ord] to acquire 8 managem5t ( *i>oscuro1 a bran* ( ! art !n neglect$ 9 ,flor5ce1 & ev5 at ,rome4 ,to ?is end !y began to model 9 clay & wax2 !y wr\ght 9 pla/]2 !y /udi$ att5tively ! effects ( light & %ade2 !y paid less att5tion to practical rules1 & m to nature4 ,h5ce arose a new /yle :i*1 9 my op9ion1 is among ! be/ hi!rto attempt$ 9 ,italy2 correct$ ^u ! model ( ! ,flor5t9e s*ool2 s(t & well reliev$ on t ( ,lomb>dy4 ,if _! =ms _h approa*$ to ,grecian elegance1 if _! expression _h be5 m ref9$1 ! improvem5t ( pa9t+1 :i* ab\t ?is "t took place 9 ,italy1 %\ld h be5 ascrib$ no less to ,flor5ce ?an to ,bologna4 ,"s fav\rable circum/ances assi/$ ! progress ( ! ,flor5t9e s*ool2 among ^! we may m5tion a succession ( pr9ces fri5dly to ! art2#bab ! read9ess ) :i* ! celebrat$ ,galileo imp>t$ to arti/s 8 discov]ies1 & ! laws ( p]spective2 ! travels ( sev]al ,flor5t9e ma/]s to ,v5ice1 & ?r\gh ,lomb>dy2 & ! long resid5ce ( =eign arti/s1 em95t z col\ri/s1 at ! c\rt ( ,flor5ce4 ,b x 0 *iefly ow+ to ,ligozzi1 :o /udi$ "u ! ,v5etian ma/]s1 !n consid]$ z ! be/ 9 ,italy1 & :o animat$ ! old ,flor5t9e /yle ) great] _s & brilliancy ?an x _h hi!rto display$4 ,aft] notic+ ! good /yle ( t p]iod1 we mu/ n omit to m5tion "o less praisewor?y2 a sombre mann]1 :i* usurp$ ! place ( ! o!r1 & at ?is day r5d]s _m pictures ( t p]iod ( little or no value4 ,"s ascribe ! fault to ! me?od ( mix+ ! col\rs1 :i* 0 ev]y:]e *ang$2 & h5ce x is n peculi> to ! ,flor5t9es1 b is f\nd diffus$ ov] ,italy4 ,x 0 p>tly ow+ likewise to ! rage = *i>oscuro c>ri$ to excess4 ,x is ! *>act]i/ic ( e s*ool ( long /&+ to c>ry to an errone\s excess ! fundam5tal maxims ( its ma/]3 ?is we h rem>k$ 9 ! prec$+ epo*1 ?is we %all f9d exemplifi$ 9 e p]iod ( pa9t+1 & ?is1 if x 7 consi/5t ) our pres5t und]tak+1 we might demon/rate to h happ5$ 9 lit]ature2 = a good rule extravagantly pursu$ leads to ! corruption ( ta/e4 ,we %all n[ direct our att5tion to ! f\r? epo*1 9 :i*1 omitt+ ! two old] au?orities1 ,vas>i & ,borgh9i1 we %all *iefly foll[ ,bald9ucci1 :o 0 acqua9t$ ) ! arti/s we are n[ to consid]1 or ) _! successors4#bac ,lodovico ,c>di da ,cigoli1 ! s*ol> ( ,santi di ,tito1 fir/ awak5$ 8 c\ntrym5 to a nobl] /yle1 z we h already obs]v$4 ,! additional obs]vation ( ,bald9ucci1 t he p]haps surpass$ all 8 contempor>ies1 & t few or none d]iv$ su* b5efit z he did1 f ! /udy ( ,correggio1 w n readily be grant$ by ^? :o are conv]sant ) ,s*$one1 ! ,c>acci1 or ev5 ,b>occi1 :5 !y *ose to imitate ! mann] ( t great ma/]4 ,f ! pictures t h rea*$ our "t1 ,cigoli appe>s to h acquir$ a f9e effect ( light & %ade f ,correggio2 to h unit$ ?is to a sci5tific design1 to a judici\s p]spective1 ! rules ( :i* 7 previ\sly taught him by ,buontal5ti1 & to a vivacity ( col\r+ sup]ior to 8 c\ntrym51 among :om he unque/ionably holds a high rank4 ,8 works1 h[ev]1 exhibit n t contra/ ( col\r+1 t mell[ness & cle>ness1 t grace 9 =e%ort5+s & features1 t *>act]ize ! ornam5t ( ! ,lomb>d s*ool4 ,9 %ort he 0 ! inv5tor ( a /yle always beautiful1 b n always equal2 especially if we comp>e 8 e>ly works ) 8 pictures execut$ aft] 8 visit to ,rome4 ,8 g5]al col\r+ sav\rs ( ! s*ool ( ,lomb>dy1 8 drap]ies sometimes resemble ^? ( ,paolo ,v]onese1 & he (t5 rivals ! bold /yle ( ,gu]c9o4 ,indep5d5t ( ! great numb] ( 8 pictures 9 ! royal gall]y1 & _m 9 ! possession ( ! noble family ( ,pecori1 !re are a few 9 "s private h\ses 9 ,flor5ce4 ,! foll[+ are 8 mo/ e/eem$ pictures3 ! ,tr9ity1 9 ,s4 ,croce2 ! ,s4 ,alb]to1 9 ,s4 ,m>ia ,maggiore2 ! ,m>tyrdom ( ,/4 ,/eph51 9 ! nunn]y ( ,monte ,dom9i1 :i* ,pietro da ,cortona consid]s "o ( ! f9e/ pictures 9 ,flor5ce4 ,( ! same class is ! picture :i* he plac$ 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,conv5tuali/s at ,cortona1 9 :i* ,s4 ,an?ony is repres5t$ 9 ! act ( conv]t+ an unbeliev]1 by a miracle ( a mule t is se5 kneel+ be=e ! holy sacram5t3 9 ?is piece he aspir$ at surpass+ any "w ( art 9 t highly decorat$ city4 ,9 ! ,vatican he pa9t$ ,s4 ,pet] heal+ ! ,lame1 a wond]ful production1 :i*1 among ! pictures 9 ,rome1 0 reckon$ by ,sac*i next 9 excell5ce to ! ,transfiguration by ,raffaello1 & ! ,s4 ,girolamo by ,dom5i*9o4 ,! ,flor5t9e s*ool may well be pr\d ( ?is op9ion1 pron\nc$ z x 0 by a pr(\nd connoisseur1 by no means usually lavi% ( 8 comm5dations4 ,?is ma/]piece1 :i* obta9$ him ! hon\r ( knigh?ood1 is1 h[ev]1 utt]ly ru9$ by ! dampness ( ! *ur*1 & ! ignorance ( "o :o und]took to repair x3 b 8 frescos 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,m>ia ,maggiore at ,rome /ill rema92 & !re1 by "s error 9 p]spective1 he appe>s inf]ior to himself2#bad nor 0 he p]mitt$ to ret\* !m1 not)/&+ t he employ$ bo? int]e/ & entreaties to t effect4 ,=tune1 9 "s degree1 p]secut$ ?is great arti/2 = _h ^? frescos p]i%$1 & t oil pa9t+ rema9$ to our times1 ,cigoli w\ld h enjoy$ a high] fame1 & ,bald9ucci obta9$ m cr$it4 ,&rea ,comodi & ,giovanni ,biliv]t1 ne>ly approa*$ ,cigoli2 ,aurelio ,lomi foll[$ at a great] di/ance4 ,( ! latt]1 ,i %all speak among ! ,pisan arti/s1 a few pages fur!r on2 & ( two ,romans1 belong+ to ! same s*ool1 9 ! ?ird book4 ,comodi1 ! associate r ?an ! s*ol> ( ,cigoli1 is almo/ unkn[n at ,flor5ce2 b !re are _m ( 8 copies aft] celebrat$ ma/]s1 :i* (t5 pass = orig9als1 bo? 9 t city & at ,rome4 ,?is 0 8 peculi> tal5t2 9 ?is he 0 unrivall$2 & x employ$ 8 be/ ye>s4 ,he produc$1 h[ev]1 sev]al orig9al works t are highly valuable = ! design1 ! exquisite f9i%1 & ! /rong body ( col\r+ !y display4 ,9 ^! we may trace ! fri5d ( ,cigoli1 & ! copyi/ ( ,raffaello4 ,!y are *iefly ,madonnas1 & are greatly admir$ = ! disposition ( ! f+]s1 :i* are some:at spread out1 = ! graceful sl5d] neck1 & a c]ta9 virg9 air peculi>ly 8 own4 ,! ,cors9i family at ,rome possess a v f9e "o4 ,"s ( 8 fresco pictures rema9 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,vitale1 9 t city2 & !re is a picture ( ! ,titul> sa9t 9 ,s4 ,c>lo a' ,cat9>i1 :i* appe>s d>k & cl\dy2 an uncommon circum/ance ) s good a col\ri/4 ,gio4 ,biliv]t is a "n :i* we 9 va9 look = 9 ,orl&i1 :o has trans=m$ him into two pa9t]s1 "o ( :om he calls ,antonio ,biliv]ti1 & ! o!r1 9 imitation ( ,baglione1 ^: k ( him 0 inaccurate1 ,gio4 ,ball9]t2 bo? ,flor5t9es1 & pupils ( ,cigoli4 ,l ! prec$+ arti/1 ,biliv]t is n always equal to himself4 ,he f9i%$ "s pictures t _h be5 left imp]fect by ,cigoli1 to ^: design & col\r+ he endeav\r$ to unite ! expression ( ,titi1 & a m av[$ & frequ5t imitation ( ! ornam5ts ( ,paolo ,v]onese4 ,biliv]t is n suffici5tly *oice 9 heads2 b he ab\nds 9 expression1 z may be se5 at ,s4 ,gaetano & ,s4 ,m>co1 :]e !re are _m ( 8 hi/orical pictures1 p>ticul>ly ! ,rais+ ( ! ,cross1 e/eem$ "o ( 8 be/ p]=mances4 ,^? pieces :i* he engag$ to execute1 & 9 :i* he nev] appe>s able to satisfy himself1 are repeat$ by 8 s*ol>s3 sometimes inscrib$ ) ! initials ( 8 "n1 especially :5 he himself ret\*$ !m2 at o!r times !y are )\t an epigraph4 ,none ( 8 productions are s wor?y ( be+ copi$ z ,joseph ) ,potiph>'s wife2 :i* arre/s ! eye ( e spectator 9 ! ducal gall]y4 ,_m copies ( x are to be f\nd 9 ,flor5ce2 x may be se5 9 =eign collections1 9 ! ,b>b]9i ,palace at ,rome1 9 ! ,obizzo collection at ,cattaio1 & 9 sev]al o!r places4 ,! ornam5t$ /yle ( ,biliv]t _h _m imitators1 ^: works1 9 gall]ies & 9 private h\ses1 w\ld pass = ^? ( ,v5etian arti/s1 _h !y great] _s & a bett] col\r+4 ,b>tolommeo ,salve/r9i is at _! head2 b he 0 cut (f 9 8 prime1 by ! plague ( #afcj1 s disa/r\s to ,italy & ! art4 ,orazio ,fidani1 an assidu\s arti/1 & skill$ 9 ! /yle ( 8 ma/]1 pa9t$ mu* at ,flor5ce2 :]e 8 ,tobias1 t 0 f9i%$ = ! frat]nity ( ,scala1 b is n[ remov$1 is especially comm5d$4 ,francesco ,bian*i ,buonavita 0 engag$ 9 few public works4 ,he 0 *iefly employ$ 9 copy+ anci5t pictures1 :i* ! c\rt pres5t$ to =eign pr9ces1 & 9 furni%+ cab9ets ) little hi/orical pieces1 t 7 at t "t 9 great reque/ 9 c\ntries beyond ! ,alps4 ,!y 7 pa9t$ on jasp]1 agate1 lapis lazzuli1 & o!r h>d /ones2 ! spots 9 :i* assi/$ 9 =m+ ! %ad[s ( ! pictures4 ,ago/9o ,melissi contribut$ mu* to ! tape/ry ( ! ducal family1 by furni%+ c>toons f ! works ( ,&rea del ,s>to1 & also "s ( 8 own inv5tion4 ,he likewise possess$ a g5ius = oil pa9t+2 9 :i* bran* 8 ,s4 ,pet] at ! ,gate ( ,pilate1 :i* he pa9t$ = ! noble family ( ,gaburri1 is p>ticul>ly prais$ by ,bald9ucci4 ,francesco ,montelatici1 by "s suppos$ a ,pisan1 by o!rs a ,flor5t9e1 & surnam$ ,cecco ,bravo1 f 8 qu>relsome disposition1 ab&on$ ! /yle ( ,biliv]t1 or at lea/ mix$ x ) t ( ,passignano4 ,he 0 a fanciful & spirit$ design]1 & n a bad col\ri/4 ,a f9e pa9t+ ( ,s4 ,niccolo ,vescovo1 by ?is arti/1 is to be se5 at ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,simone2 b 8 works are r>e 9 *ur*es1 = he 0 *iefly employ$ 9 pa9t+ = private1 & sometimes = royal collections4 ,he di$ pa9t] to ! c\rt ( ,inspruck4 ,giovanni ,m>ia ,mor&i rema9$ b a little "t ) ,biliv]t1 & on go+ to ,rome1 adopt$ ! /yle ( t s*ool4 ,gregorio ,pagani 0 ! son ( ,francesco1 :o di$ "y2 b 0 highly e/eem$ by 8 c\ntrym54 ,he _h /udi$ ! works ( ,polidoro & ( ,mi*elangiolo1 at ,rome1 & execut$ admirable imitations ( !m = private g5tlem5 9 ,flor5ce4 ,gregorio himself c\ld sc>cely di/+ui% !m4 ,he receiv$ ! rudim5ts ( 8 art f ,titi1 b 0 initiat$ 9 a bett] /yle by ,cigoli4 ,/rang]s prais$ him z a second ,cigoli1 :il/ 8 c\ntry possess$ at ! ,c>m9e ! picture ( ! ,f9d+ ( ! ,cross1 :i* has be5 engrav$2 b :5 ! pa9t+1 ) ! *ur*1 0 consum$ by fire1 no great "w ( 8 rema9$ 9 public1 except a few ( 8 frescos2 "o ( :i*1 ?\gh some:at injur$ by "t1 is an ornam5t to ! cloi/] ( ,s4 ,m>ia ,novella4 ,he is r>ely to be met ) 9 ,flor5t9e collections1 z he *iefly pa9t$ = =eign]s4 ,( 8 s*ool ,i "h say no?+3 x only produc$ "o em95t pupil2 b ?is "o 0 s conspicu\s t he may be said to =m a new era1 z we %all f9d 9 ! sequel4 ,ano!r associate ( ,cigoli 0 ,dom5ico da ,passignano1 ! s*ol> ( ,nald9i & ( ,f$]igo ,zucc>o1 :om he resembles mo/1 f 8 long resid5ce at ,v5ice2 :]e he likewise m>ri$4 ,he became s decid$ an admir] ( ! m]its ( ?is s*ool1 t he 0 accu/om$ to say t he :o _h n se5 ,v5ice1 ought n to boa/ t he 0 a pa9t]4 ,?is circum/ance suffici5tly acc\nts = 8 /yle1 :i* is n ! mo/ pr(\nd1 nor ! mo/ correct2 b x exhibits contrivance1 is va/1 ri* 9 ar*itecture & 9 drap]y1 resembl+ m ! mann] ( ,paolo ,v]onese1 ?an t ( ! ,flor5t9e s*ool4 ,sometimes he resembles ,t9toretto 9 8 attitudes1 & 9 t oily col\r+ :i* ought to h be5 avoid$2 & ?r\gh :i* _m works ( bo? arti/s h p]i%$4 ,?is has be5 ! fate ( 8 ,crucifixion ( ,/4 ,pet]1 :i* he execut$ = ! great *ur* 9 ,rome1 "u ,paul ,v4 & ( ! ,pres5tation ( ,m4 ,v4 :i* he also pa9t$ at ! same place "u ,urban ,,viii4 ,sev]al pictures1 h[ev]1 rema9 9 "s ,italian cities1 t 7 begun by 8 s*ol>s & f9i%$ by him1 ) a degree ( c>e t h&s him d[n to po/]ity z a great arti/4 ,a dead ,*ri/1 9 ! *apel ( ,mongradone1 at ,frascati1 is 9 ?is /yle2 z are an ,entomb+ ( ,*ri/1 9 ! ,borghese palace1 at ,rome2 a ,*ri/ be>+ ! ,cross1 9 ! college ( ,s4 ,giovann9o1 & "s o!r works ( 8 at ,flor5ce4 ,passignano1 8 native place1 possesses :at is p]haps 8 mo/ p]fect "w1 9 ! font ( ! ,*ur* ( ! ,fa!rs ( ,vallombrosa4 ,he !re pa9t$ a ,glory1 t proclaims him an excell5t arti/1 & wor?y ( a place ) 8 pupils1 ,lodovico ,c>acci1 ! f\nd] ( ! ,bolognese s*ool1 & ,tirani1 "o ( its great ornam5ts4 ,8 ,tuscan pupils did n atta9 equal celebrity4 ,sorri ( ,si5a1 :om we res]ve = t s*ool1 is ! "o be/ kn[n 9 ,italy2 hav+ pa9t$ ) applause 9 sev]al ( h] cities4 ,"h we mu/ consid] ^? arti/s connect$ ) ,flor5ce4 ,fabrizio ,bos*i is a spirit$ pa9t]1 ^: *>act]i/ic excell5ce appe>s to consi/ 9 novelty ( composition1 unit$ to a precision sup]ior to ! g5]ality ( 8 s*ool4 ,a ,s4 ,bonav5tura 9 ! act ( celebrat+ mass1 9 ,all ,sa9ts' *ur* at ,flor5ce1 is mu* prais$3 &1 p]haps1 8 two hi/orical frescos ( ,cosmo ,,ii4 :i* he pa9t$ 9 ! palace ( ,c>d9al ,gio4 ,c>lo de' ,m$ici1 9 emulation ( ,rosselli1 are sup]ior to any ( 8 o!r works4 ,ottavio ,vann9i became em95t 9 col\r+ & 0 v att5tive to e o!r bran* ( pa9t+2 b he 0 sometimes poor & cold2 & al?\gh good 9 ea* "p ( 8 pictures1 0 n happy 9 ! :ole4 ,ces>e ,d&9i1 a disciple ( sev]al s*ools1 imitat$ ,passignano 9 design1 9 brilliancy1 & also 9 ! p]i%able nature ( 8 col\rs3 he 0 dilig5t 9 o!r ?+s1 & v assidu\s4 ,8 be/ picture is a ,s4 ,c>lo1 surr\nd$ by o!r sa9ts1 9 ! *ur* ( ,ancona3 ! composition is f9e1 & ! :ole 9 good pres]vation4 ,_m works ( ?is arti/1 & ( ,vann9i1 decorate collections4 ,nicodemo ,f]rucci1 ! fav\rite pupil ( ,passignano1 & ! companion ( 8 lab\rs at ,rome1 possess$ mu* ( ! boldness & _s ( 8 ma/]4 ,by 8 example he 0 l$ to affix a good price to 8 pictures1 mo/ly frescos execut$ at ,flor5ce1 ,fiesole1 & = ! ,/ate4 ,he di$ "y at ,fontebuoni2 b _m ( 8 works1 too good to be "h omitt$1 /ill rema9 9 ,rome2 "o ( ! mo/ e/eem$ ( :i* is f\nd at ,s4 ,gio4 de' ,fior5t9i1 besides two hi/ories ( ,m>ia ,s4 ,s4 :i*1 if ,i mi/ake n1 h suff]$ f be+ ret\*$4 ,cri/(ano ,allori 0 at p]petual v>iance ) ,aless&ro1 8 fa!r & preceptor1 on acc\nt ( 8 atta*m5t to ! novel maxims ( ! ?ree ma/]s we h j comm5d$4 ,9 ! op9ion ( _m he is ! greate/ pa9t] ( ?is epo*4 ,:5 ! excell5ce he atta9$1 dur+ a long life1 is consid]$1 he appe>s to me 9 "s degree1 ! ,cant>9i ( 8 s*ool4 ,!y resembl$ ea* o!r 9 ! beauty1 grace1 & exquisite f9i% ( _! figures2 ) ?is diff]5ce1 t ! beauty ( ,cant>9i p>takes m ( ! ideal1 & t ! fle% t9ts ( ,allori are m happy4 ,?is circum/ance is ! m surpris+1 inasmu* z he knew no?+ ( ! ,c>acci1 nor ( ,guido2 b suppli$ all by a nice discrim9ation1 & an unwe>i$ p]sev]ance2 = x 0 8 cu/om nev] to lift 8 p5cil f ! canvass until 8 h& _h obey$ ! dictates ( 8 fancy4 ,f ?is me?od1 & f vici\s habits t (t5 s$uc$ him f 8 lab\rs1 8 pictures are extremely r>e1 & he himself is little kn[n4 ,! ,s4 ,julian ( ! ,pitti palace is ! gr&e/ ef=t ( 8 g5ius2 & if x is n among ! f9e/ pictures 9 ?is magnific5t collection1 x und\bt$ly claims ! highe/ rank 9 ! second class4 ,8 picture ( ,beato ,manetto1 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,s]vi1 a small piece1 b excell5t 9 its k9d1 is reckon$ ! next 9 m]it4 ,_m "y m5 7 s5t to be in/ruct$ by him 9 ! art ( pa9t+2 b few ( !m rema9$ long3 mo/ ( !m 7 disgu/$ at ! dissipation ( ! ma/]1 & ! insol5ce ( "s ( _! fell[ /ud5ts4 ,he =m$ "s l&scape pa9t]s1 :om we %all notice "u _! class2 & also "s copyi/s1 ^: lab\rs may boa/ ( hues & ret\*+1 ! "w ( 8 h&4 ,( ?is class 7 ,val]io ,tant]i1#bae ,f4 ,bruno ,c]tos9o1 & ,lor5zo ,c]r9i4 ,^!1 & o!r arti/s ( ?is s*ool1 cont9u$ ! ,giovian s]ies ( ! lat] race ( illu/ri\s m51 by transmitt+ to u _m ( _! portraits1 to :i* he also l5t 8 h&4 ,to !m we owe num]\s duplicates ( 8 mo/ celebrat$ pictures1 :i* are scatt]$ ?r\gh ,flor5ce1 & ov] all ,italy2 m especially ( t ,judi?1 s beautifully & magnific5tly attir$1 :i* is a portrait ( 8 mi/ress2 :ile h] "m appe>s 9 ! "* ( ,abra1 & ! head ( ,hol(]nes is t ( ! pa9t]1 :o p]mitt$ 8 be>d to gr[ a consid]able "t = ?is purpose4 ,zanobi ,rosi liv$ to a lat] p]iod1 & f9i%$ "s pieces t 7 left imp]fect by ! dea? ( ,cri/(ano2 b he nev] obta9$ ! praise ( inv5tion4 ,! "n ( ,giovanni ,bati/a ,vanni is sup]ior to any o!r s*ol> ( ! s*ool ( ,allori4 ,! ,pisans claim him z _! c\ntryman2 ,bald9ucci assigns him to ,flor5ce4 ,aft] tak+ lessons f ,empoli & o!r ma/]s1 he att5d$ ,allori = six ye>s2 & :il/ he imitat$ ?is ma/] admirably 9 col\r+1 & rivall$ him 9 design1 he also imbib$ 8 lessons ( intemp]ance4 ,_h he conduct$ himself ) m propriety1 & adh]$ m to fix$ pr9ciples1 ! g5ius he possess$ might h rais$ him to m celebrity4 ,he visit$ ! be/ s*ools ( ,italy1 & copi$ on ! spot1 or at lea/ design$1 ! *oice/ productions ( ea*4 ,_m praise "s ( 8 copies ( ,tiziano1 ( ,correggio1 & ( ,paolo ,v]onese3 f ! works ( ! two la/ he likewise made et*+s4 ,not)/&+ su* /udies 8 col\r+ deg5]at$1 & he became s mu* a mann]i/1 t he has n left beh9d him a truly classical "w4 ,! ,s4 ,lor5zo 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,simone1 :i* is reckon$ ! ma/]piece ( ,vanni1 has no?+ uncommon1 except x be t ! light ( ! fire inve/s ! spectators1 & gives ! picture novelty & surpris+ h>mony4 ,jacopo da ,empoli1 a s*ol> ( ,friano1 reta9s 9 mo/ ( 8 works ! /amp ( 8 e>ly education2 b he adopt$ a second mann] :i* is n defici5t 9 fulness ( design1 nor 9 elegance ( col\r+4 ,su* is 8 ,s4 ,ivo1 :i*1 among pa9t]s ( great "n 9 a cab9et ( ! ducal gall]y1 surprises mo/ /rang]s m ?an ! o!r pictures4 ,he execut$ o!r works on simil> pr9ciples1 f :i* we might inf] t he belongs to an era fav\rable to ! art4 ,pa9t]s _c1 l au?ors1 am5d ! fir/ on a second edition ( ! same subject3 _! second editions1 by :i* !y %\ld be judg$1 pass z o!r pictures sup]ior to _! fir/ p]=mances4 ,two ( ,jacopo's pictures 9 fresco are comm5d$ by ,mor5i 7tom4 ii4 p4 #aac71 "o belong+ to ! ,c]tosa1 ! o!r to ! mona/]y ( ,boldrone2 bo? :i* prove ! ext5t ( 8 ability 9 ?is bran* ( ! art2 b aft] ! p]iod ( 8 fall f ! scaffold+ 9 ! ,c]tosa1 he ab&on$ ?is me?od & devot$ himself :olly to pa9t+ 9 oil4 ,empoli gave all ! beauty & f9e effect ( l>ge works to ^? pleas+ pictures he pa9t$ = private individuals1 & 9 ?is /yle he 0 v successful4 ,?is arti/ taught ,vanni ! pr9ciples ( pa9t+2 b 8 greate/ pupil 0 ,felice ,fi*]elli2 a man ( ! mo/ indol5t disposition1 lazy 9 e occupation1 &1 z if afraid ( di/urb+ 8 tongue1 usually sil5t unless :5 ask$ a "q3 h5ce he 0 nam$ ,felice ,riposo by ! ,flor5t9es4 ,he execut$ few pictures2 b :at proce$$ f 8 /udio may be held up z an example ( indu/ry 9 ! art2 simple1 natural1 & /udi$1 )\t appe>+ to be s4 ,!re is a picture ( ,s4 ,an?ony by him 9 ,s4 ,m>ia ,nuova1 :]e he seems to h be5 direct$ by 8 intimate fri5d ,cri/(ano1 ^: "w x /rongly resembles4 ,he is r>e 9 collections2 b always makes a good figure !re by 8 graceful design1 8 full body ( col\r+1 & 8 s(tness4 ,! ,adam & ,eve driv5 out ( ,p>adise1 9 ! gall]y ( ! ,r9ucc9i palace1 is wor?y su* a collection4 ,he copi$ ,pietro ,p]ug9o1 ,&rea del ,s>to1 & "s o!r ma/]s s well1 t 8 "w might pass = ! orig9als2 & to ?is employm5t we may *iefly attribute ! exquisite f9i% ( 8 pictures4 ,to ?is p]iod we may assign "s o!r arti/s1 :o1 f :atev] cause1 are1 p]haps1 less comm5d$ by hi/orians ?an !y des]ve4 ,( ?is numb] is ,giovanni ,m>t9elli1 ( :om !re is a capital "w 9 ! ,conv5tuali/s ( ,pescia1 viz4 ! ,miracle ( ,s4 ,an?ony1 a subject m5tion$ a little above1 z hav+ be5 also execut$ by ,cigoli4 ,8 ,fea/ ( ,bel%azz>1 9 ! ducal gall]y at ,flor5ce1 & 8 ,gu>dian ,angel at ,s4 ,lucia de' ,b>di1 are pictures ( note1 b inf]ior to t at ,pescia4 ,( ! same class also is ,mi*el ,c+anelli1 a s*ol> ( ,poccetti1 :o 0 employ$ 9 ! metropolitan *ur* ( ,pisa1 :]e he ornam5t$ ! corbels ( ! cupola1 & /rove to emulate ! be/ ,tuscan arti/s ( 8 age 9 an hi/orical picture ( ,jo%ua4 ,su* is ,pallad9o1 m5tion$ 9 ! ,guide ( ,flor5ce 9 ref]5ce to a ,s4 ,giovanni ,decollato2 a "w des]v+ notice1 = its fre$om f ! beat5 track ( 8 s*ool4 ,he seems to h /udi$ ! ,lomb>d m ?an native arti/s1 & to h be5 acqua9t$ ) ,b>occio4 ,i saw 8 alt>-piece at ,s4 ,jacopo a' ,corbol9i4 ,i suspect t ?is arti/ is ! same z ,filippo ,palad9i1 po9t$ out by ,hack]t1 born & educat$ at ,flor5ce1 & :o resid$ 9 =eign p>ts4 ,he 0 compell$ to fly f ,milan on acc\nt ( "s di/urbance1 & took refuge 9 ,rome1 :]e he 0 receiv$ by ,pr9ce ,colonna1 & be+ pursu$ he w5t to ,sicily1 & resid$ at ,mazz>9o1 an e/ate belong+ to ! ,colonna family4 ,!re1 z well z at ,syracuse1 ,pal]mo1 ,catania1 & else:]e1 he left works t display mu* elegance & f9e col\r+1 b n free f mann]ism1 ! fault also ( ! picture above cit$ at ,flor5ce4 ,b5$etto ,veli pa9t$ 9 ! ca!dral ( ,pi/oia an ,asc5sion ( ,*ri/1 plac$ at ! entrance to ! presbyt]y1 ^u an imm5se scale4 ,x is ! companion to "o ( ! ,p5teco/ by ,gregorio ,pagani1 :i* suffici5tly proves t x has no common m]it4 ,!re liv$ "s o!r pa9t]s ab\t ?is "t1 ( :om ,tuscany1 z f> z ,i "k1 reta9s no trace2 b !y are recogniz$ 9 o!r s*ools3 ?us ,vaiano is recogniz$ 9 ! ,milanese1 & ,mazzoni 9 ! ,v5etian s*ools1 :]e we %all give "s acc\nt ( !m4 ,la/ among ! great ma/]s ( ?is p]iod ,i place ,matteo ,rosselli1 a s*ol> ( ,pagani & ( ,passignano1 z likewise ( sev]al old ma/]s1 "u :om he /udi$ assidu\sly at ,rome & at ,flor5ce4 ,he became s di/+ui%$ a pa9t] t he 0 invit$ to ! c\rt ( ! ,duke ( ,mod5a1 & 0 reta9$ by ,cosmo ,,ii4 ,gr& ,duke ( ,tuscany1 9 8 own s]vice4 ,9 pa9t+1 h[ev]1 he _h _m equals2 b v few 9 ! art ( tea*+1 = :i* he 0 adapt$ by a facility ( communicat+ in/ruction1 a total want ( envy1 & a judici\s me?od ( discov]+ ! tal5ts ( ea* pupil1 & ( direct+ 8 progress3 h5ce 8 s*ool1 l t ( ! ,c>acci1 produc$ z _m diff]5t /yles z he _h pupils4 ,8 placid g5ius 0 n fitt$ = ! conception ( novel & d>+ compositions1 nor = pursu+ !m ) ! /ead9ess t *>act]izes ! pa9t] ( elevat$ fancy4 ,8 m]it lies 9 correctness 9 ! imitation ( nature2 9 :i*1 h[ev]1 he is n always select2 & !re is a peculi> h>mony & repose 9 ! :ole1 by :i* 8 pictures 7?\gh !y are g5]ally 9 a sombre tone7 please1 ev5 :5 comp>$ ) works ( ! mo/ lively & brilliant col\r+4 ,he excels 9 dignity ( "*2 "s ( ! heads ( 8 apo/les1 to be se5 9 collections1 s /rongly resemble ! works ( ! ,c>acci1 t connoisseurs are sometimes deceiv$4 ,at times he /rove to rival ,cigoli3 z 9 8 ,nativity ( our ,savi\r at ,s4 ,gaetano1 :i* is ?\ght to be 8 ma/]piece1 & 9 ! ,crucifixion ( ,s4 ,&rew 9 ,all ,sa9ts *ur*1 :i* has be5 engrav$ at ,flor5ce4 ,8 fresco pa9t+s are greatly admir$3 s well d 8 lab\rs1 on ! pr9ciples ( ! pa/ age1 pres]ve _! fre%ness & brilliancy4 ,! cloi/] ( ! ,nunziata has _m ( 8 semicircul> pieces2 & t repres5t+ ,alex&] ,,iv4 confirm+ ! ,ord] ( ! ,s]vi1 appe>$ a gr& "w to ,passignano & ,cortona4 ,he ornam5t$ a ceil+ 9 ! royal villa ( ,poggio ,imp]iale ) "s hi/ories ( ! ,m$icean family4 ,! *amb] :]e ?is pa9t+ 0 plac$ 0 ord]$ to be demoli%$ 9 ! "t ( ! ,gr& ,duke ,pet] ,leopold2 b s highly 0 ,rosselli e/eem$ t ! ceil+ 0 pres]v$1 & transf]r$ to ano!r ap>tm5t4 ,8 *ief praise1 h[ev]1 arises f 8 pres]v+ t fa!rly reg>d = pupils1 :i* ,qu9tilian ?9ks ! fir/ requisite 9 a ma/]3 h5ce he became ! head ( a respectable family ( pa9t]s :om we %all n[ consid]4 ,giovanni da ,s4 ,giovanni 7?is is ! "n ( 8 native place2 8 family "n 0 ,manozzi71 c\ld boa/ ( be+ "o ( ! be/ fresco pa9t]s t ,italy ev] possess$4 ,gift$ by nature ) a f]vid & bold g5ius1 a lively & f]tile imag9ation1 cel]ity & fre$om ( h&1 he pa9t$ s mu* 9 ! dom9ions ( ! ,*ur*1 & ev5 9 ,rome1 especially 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,f\r ,sa9ts1 s mu* 9 ,tuscany1 9 ,flor5ce1 & ev5 ! ,pitti palace1#baf we c sc>cely believe t he began to /udy at ! age ( eighte51 & di$ :5 only =ty-eight ye>s old4 ,8 /yle is v f> f ! solid mann] ( 8 ma/]2 he c>ri$ ! celebrat$ maxim ( ,horace ,all is all[able to excess2 & 9 _m ( 8 works he pref]r$ :im to art4 ,amid *oirs ( angels he introduc$ ! s+ul> novelty ( female angels2 if we may ascribe ?is to him1 & n to ! ,cavali] d',arp9o or ,aless&ro ,allori1 z "s are incl9$ to d4 ,b :atev] ex]tions he made 7if we may s express x7 to discr$it himself1 he did n succe$4 ,8 _s is greatly sup]ior to ! conceits ( o!r arti/s2 & 8 p]=mances at ,flor5ce1 9 :i* he bridl$ 8 ecc5tricities1 prove t he knew m ?an he 0 ambiti\s to %ew4 ,among ^! we may notice 8 ,flight into ,egypt 9 ! royal academy1 "s semicircul> pieces 9 ! *ur* ( ,all ,sa9ts1 ! ,expulsion ( ! ,sci5ces f ,greece1 ( ! ,pitti palace1 9 :i* ! bl9d ,hom] appe>s grop+ 8 way ) great nature1 z he is exil$ f 8 native l&4 ,x is relat$ ( ,pietro di ,cortona1 t on see+ "s "o ( ! works ( ,giovanni1 :i* did him no cr$it1 he did n !re=e condemn him2 b1 po9t+ to ! piece1 only obs]v$1 ,giovanni pa9t$ t :5 he 0 already consci\s ( be+ a great man4 ,8 pictures on panel & on canvass are less admir$1 nor are !y always exempt f crudity4 ,he _h a son call$ ,gio4 ,g>zia1 :o produc$ sev]al fresco works at ,pi/oia1 tol]ably well execut$4 ,baldass>e ,frances*9i1 surnam$ ,volt]rano1 f ! place ( 8 nativity1 & also ! y\ng] ,volt]rano1 to di/+ui% him f ,ricci>elli1 seem$ to h be5 =m$ by nature to adorn cupolas1 temples1 & magnific5t halls1 a /yle ( "w 9 :i* he is m conspicu\s ?an 9 pa9t+ cab9et pictures4 ,! cupola & nave ( ! ,niccol9i *apel1 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,holy ,cross1 is 8 happie/ ef=t 9 ?is way2 & surprises ev5 an admir] ( ,lanfranco4 ,t ( ! ,nunziata is mo/ beautiful2 & we mu/ n omit ! ceil+ ( a *apel 9 ,s4 ,m>ia ,maggiore1 :]e ,elias appe>s s admirably =e%ort5$1 t x calls to m9d ! ,s4 ,rocco ( ,t9toretto1 by ! optical illusion occasion$ by x4 ,8 tal5ts excit$ ! envy ( ,giovanni da ,s4 ,giovanni1 :o hav+ engag$ him z 8 assi/ant 9 ! decoration ( ! ,pitti palace1 spe$ily dismiss$ him4 ,8 _s is temp]$ by judgm5t & propriety2 8 ,tuscan design is v>i$ & ennobl$ by an imitation ( o!r s*ools2 to visit :i*1 he 0 s5t to travel = "s mon?s by 8 noble patrons ( ! h\se ( ,niccol9i4 ,he d]iv$ great advantages f /udy+ ! s*ools ( ,p>ma & ( ,bologna4 ,he knew ,pietro di ,cortona1 & adopt$ "s ( 8 pr9ciples1 :i* 0 a ?+ n uncommon among ! arti/s ( ?is epo*4 ,volt]rano pa9t$ a great _m frescos 9 ,flor5ce1 "o 9 ! ,palazzo del ,bufalo at ,rome1 & "s at ,volt]ra1 t are notic$ by ,bald9ucci4 ,! praise be/[$ on him by ! hi/orian appe>s r scanty ?an extravagant to ^? :o duly consid] ! propriety ( 8 inv5tions1 ! correctness ( 8 design1 qualities s r>e 9 ?is class ( arti/s1 8 k ( ! p]spective1 ( =e%ort5+ figures 9 ceil+s1#bag ! _s ( 8 attitudes1 ! cle>ness ( 8 graduat$1 well balanc$1 & prop]ly unit$ col\rs1 & ! pleas+ & quiet h>mony ( ! :ole4 ,! same tal5ts are proportionally evid5t 9 8 oil pictures1 z may be obs]v$ 9 8 ,s4 ,filippo ,b5izi1 9 ! ,nunziata ( ,flor5ce2 9 8 ,s4 ,john ! ,evangeli/1 a noble figure :i* he pa9t$ along ) o!r sa9ts 9 ,s4 ,*i>a at ,volt]ra2 8 ,s4 ,c>lo adm9i/]+ ! communion to ^? sick ( ! plague1 9 ! ,nunziata ( ,pescia1 & "s ( 8 o!r pa9t+s t are well f9i%$1 :i* 0 n ! case ) all 8 works4 ,! same obs]vations apply to 8 cab9et pictures1 :i* ab\nd 9 ! ducal palace1 & 9 ! h\ses ( ! nobility ( ,volt]ra1 especially 9 ^? ( ! families ( ,maffei & ,s]molli4 ,cosimo ,ulivelli is also a good hi/orical pa9t]2 & 8 /yle is sometimes mi/ak5 = t ( 8 ma/] by less skilful judges2 b a good connoisseur discov]s 9 him =ms less elegant1 a col\r+ less /rong & cle>1 a "* approa*+ to mann]ism & to meagr5ess4 ,we ought to =m an op9ion f ! works ( 8 be/ p]iod1 su* z 8 semicircul> pieces 9 ! cloi/] ( ! ,c>m9e4 ,antonio ,fran*i1 a native ( ,lucca1 :o liv$ at ,flor5ce1 is reckon$ by _m inf]ior to ,ulivelli2 b he is g5]ally m judici\s1 if ,i d n mi/ake1 & m dilig5t4 ,8 ,s4 ,joseph ( ,calassanzio1 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,fa!rs ( ,scolopi1 is a picture ( good effect1 & is comm5d$ also = ! design4 ,ano!r ( 8 f9e works is 9 ! p>i% *ur* ( ,caporgnano1 9 ! /ate ( ,lucca2 x repres5ts ,*ri/ deliv]+ ! keys to ,s4 ,pet]1 & ,i am in=m$ by an exp]i5c$ arti/ t x is ! mo/ e/eem$ ( 8 productions2 _m m ( :i* may be f\nd 9 ! acc\nt ( 8 ,life1 publi%$ at ,flor5ce1 by ,b>tolozzi4 ,he 0 pa9t] to ! c\rt1 by :i* he 0 mu* employ$1 z well z by private individuals4 ,he 0 a mod]ate foll[] ( ,cortona4 ,he wrote a useful tract on ! ,!ory ( ,pa9t+1 9 :i* he combat$ ! prejudices ( ! age1 & en=c$ ! necessity ( proce$+ on g5]al pr9ciples4 ,x 0 pr9t$ 9 #agci2 & aft]w>ds def5d$ by ! au?or aga9/ c]ta9 criticisms made on x4 ,giuseppe & ,m>gh]ita1 8 two sons1 h met ) "s comm5dation1 & ,i am told !re is a f9e alt>-piece by ! =m]1 :i* adorns ! p>i% *ur* at ,borgo ,buggiano4 ,x is ret\*$1 h[ev]1 by 8 fa!r1 :o hon\rably makes m5tion ( ! fact4 ,i repeat1 hon\rably2 because _m fa!rs are kn[n to h aid$ _! sons ) a view ( obta9+ = !m a reputation beyond _! des]ts4 ,mi*elangiolo ,palloni da ,campi1 a pupil ( ,volt]rano1 is well kn[n 9 ,flor5ce by a good copy ( ! ,furius ,camillus1 ( ,salviati1 9 ! old palace2 :i* 0 plac$ by ! side ( ! orig9al4 ,he resid$ long1 & 0 mu* employ$ 9 ,pol&4 ,an em95t pupil ( ,baldass>e1 nam$ ,b5$etto ,orsi1 0 omitt$ by ,bald9ucci4 ,a f9e picture ( ,s4 ,john ! ,evangeli/1 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,/eph51 at ,pescia1 8 native place1 is attribut$ to him4 ,he also pa9t$ ! ,works ( ,m]cy1 = ! religi\s frat]nity ( nobles4 ,^! oil pa9t+s 7 %ewn to /rang]s among ! curiosities ( t city2 b !y 7 disp]s$ on ! suppression ( ! ord]4 ,!re /ill exi/s a l>ge circul> picture :i* he produc$ at ,pi/oia = ,s4 ,m>ia del ,letto1 enum]at$ by good judges among ! f9e/ works ( ,volt]rano1 until an au!ntic docum5t discov]$ ! real au?or4 ,la/ 9 ?is li/ ,i h to m5tion ,arrighi1 ! fell[ citiz5 ( ,frances*9i1 & 8 fav\rite pupil4 ,he has no?+ rema9+ 9 public1 9 :i* 8 ma/] _c boa/ a great %>e4#bah ,aft] ,frances*9i1 :o may be consid]$ ! ,lanfranco ( ! ,rosselli1 or r ,flor5t9e s*ool1 we proce$ to ,francesco ,fur9i1 :o is its ,guido & its ,albano4 ,=eign]s recogniz$ him z su*3 h5ce he 0 invit$ to ,v5ice1 = ! express purpose ( pa9t+ a ,!tis1 z a companion to an ,europa by ,guido ,r5i4 ,he _h se5 ! works ( ma/]s ( ?is class at ,rome1 & appe>s to h aspir$ at rivall+1 r ?an at imitat+ !m4 ,8 ideas c]ta9ly d n seem borr[$ f !m1 nor f any o!r arti/s4 ,he sp5t a long "t 9 m$itat+ on 8 subject1 & 0 accu/om$ to consid] 8 picture complet$ :5 he _h f9i%$ 8 /udies = x2 s little "t & tr\ble did x co/ him to embody 8 ideas 9 col\rs4 ,hav+ be5 orda9$ a prie/ ab\t 8 =tie? ye>1 & becom+ curate ( ,s4 ,ansano 9 ,mugello1 he execut$ "s pictures truly valuable1 bo? on acc\nt ( ! r>ity ( 8 works & _! excell5ce1 = ! neighb\r+ t[n ( ,s4 ,lor5zo4 ,above all1 we may notice ) admiration a ,s4 ,francis receiv+ ! ,/igmata1 & a ,conception ( ! ,bless$ ,virg91 9 :i*1 elevat$ above mortality1 %e appe>s so>+ & respl5d5t4 ,b 8 great "n 9 ,italy arose f 8 cab9et pictures1 :i* are r>e out ( ,flor5ce1 & 9 ,flor5ce are highly e/eem$1 ?\gh consid]able numb]s ( !m rema9 !re4 ,8 ,hylas c>ri$ away by ! ,nymphs1 :i* he pa9t$ = ! family ( ,galli1 & 9 :i* he introduc$ noble figures t are gr&ly v>i$1 is highly celebrat$2 n to m5tion ! ?ree ,graces ( ! ,/rozzi palace1 & ! _m hi/orical pieces & half-l5g? figures disp]s$ ?r\gh ! city t are unnotic$ 9 8 life4 ,!y *iefly consi/ ( nymphs1 or ( ,magdal5s1 no less nak$ ?an ! nymphs2 = ,fur9i 0 a v exp]t pa9t] ( delicate fle%1 b n "o ( ! mo/ mode/4 ,fur9i mu/ h _h a great numb] ei!r ( pupils or imitators1 z 8 pictures = private h\ses be=e m5tion$1 :i* 7 copi$1 are ( frequ5t occurr5ce 9 ,flor5ce4 ,!y are (t5 ( a dusky hue1 ?r\gh ! defect ( _! gr\nd1 & ,simone ,pignone is made1 (t5 errone\sly s1 _! mo/ common au?or4 ,he 0 ,francesco's be/ pupil2 v delicate 9 ! col\rs ( 8 fle%es1 z we may judge f ! alt>-piece ( ,b4 ,b]n>do ,tolomei1 at ,monte ,oliveto1 :]e ! ,virg9 & ! ,infant are col\r$ v beautifully 9 ! fle%1 if n h&some 9 _! features4 ,8 picture ( ,/4 ,l\is1 k+ ( ,france1 at ,s4 ,felicita1 is /ill m celebrat$4 ,x 0 mu* comm5d$ by ,giordano1 & ! arti/ receiv$ five hundr$ cr[ns = its execution4 ,9 ! fir/ volume ( ,lett]e ,pittori*e we are in=m$1 t ,m>atta only e/eem$ ,gabbiani & ,pignone among all ! ,flor5t9e pa9t]s ( 8 "t4 ,he 0 also prais$ by ,bell9i 9 ! "w entitl$ ,buc*]eide1 :]e he co9s a new t]m = ,pignone1 7a lib]ty extremely common among our jocose poets17 ,i "k n h[ f> susceptible ( imitation 9 ano!r tongue3 ,e l'arcipittorissimo de' buoni4 ,lor5zo ,lippi1 l 8 fri5d ,salvator ,rosa1 divid$ 8 h\rs betwe5 poetry & pa9t+4 ,8 ,malmantile ,racqui/ato1#bai :i* is a model ( ,tuscan purity ( language1#bbj is a "w less read p]haps1 b m elegant ?an ! satires ( ,salvator2 & is spr9kl$ ) ^? graceful ,flor5t9e idioms t are reg>d$ z ! ,attic salt ( ,italy4 ,9 look+ = a prototype among ! arti/s ( 8 own s*ool1 guid$ by simil>ity ( g5ius1 he made *oice ( ,santi di ,tito4 ,a del9eator ( ! passions suffici5tly accord$ ) ! g5ius ( ! poet1 & a pa9t] ( ! *oice/ design 0 highly cong5ial to s elegant a writ]4 ,he1 h[ev]1 add$ to 8 /yle a great] =ce ( col\r+2 & 9 drap]y he foll[$ ! practice ( "s ,lomb>d ma/]s & ( ,b>occio1 9 modell+ ! folds 9 pap]1 a practice ( :i* _! works reta9 "s traces4 ,! delicacy ( p5cil1 ! cle>ness1 h>mony1 & to sum up all1 ! good ta/e1 p]vad+ 8 pictures1 demon/rate t he _h a feel+ ( natural beauty sup]ior to mo/ ( 8 contempor>ies4 ,8 ma/] admir$ him1 & said1 ) a lib]ality n always to be f\nd among hi/ory pa9t]s1 ,lor5zo1 ?\ art m kn[+ ?an ,i4 ,8 pictures are n v r>e at ,flor5ce1 al?\gh he resid$ f> f x = _m ye>s1 = he 0 pa9t] to ! c\rt ( ,inspruck4 ,a ,crucifixion1 among 8 be/ p]=mances1 is 9 ! ducal gall]y4 ,! noble family ( ,arrighi possesses a ,s4 ,sav]io recov]+ f ! claws ( a crab1 ! ,crucifix :i* he _h dropp$ into ! sea4 ,bald9ucci & ! au?or ( ,! ,s]ies ( ! mo/ ,illu/ri\s ,pa9t]s h spok5 v highly ( 8 ,triumph ( ,david1 pa9t$ = ! hall ( ,angiol ,gaddi1 :o wi%$ him to repres5t 8 elde/ son z ! son ( ,jesse1 & 8 o!r sixte5 *ildr5 z ! y\?s & virg9s1 t ) songs & timbrels greet ! victor1 & hail ! deliv]ance ( ,israel4 ,9 ?is celebrat$ piece1 ! arti/ 0 enabl$ to give full scope to 8 tal5t = portrait pa9t+1 & to ! /yle approa*+ to nature1 :i* he lov$1 )\t tr\bl+ himself ab\t /udi$ & artful embelli%m5ts4 ,x 0 8 maxim to write poetry z he spoke1 & to pa9t :at he obs]v$4 ,m>io ,balassi p]fect$ himself "u ,passignano1 & aft] ! *oice/ examples ( ! ,roman & o!r s*ools4 ,he 0 an excell5t copyi/ ( ! old ma/]s1 & a pa9t] ( inv5tion above m$iocrity4 ,"s ( 8 small hi/orical pictures1 & a few pieces repres5t+ eatables1 are to be met ) 9 private h\ses2 &1 above all1 !re are _m ( 8 half-l5g? figures f9ely col\r$ & reliev$4 ,9 8 old age he *ang$ 8 mann]1 & ret\*$ z _m ( ! works ( 8 y\? z he c\ld lay 8 h&s on2 b 9 /riv+ to improve1 he only injur$ !m4 ,francesco ,bos*i1 ! nephew & s*ol> ( ,rosselli1 0 an excell5t portrait pa9t]4 ,9 ! cloi/] ( ,all ,sa9ts1 :]e 8 uncle ,fabrizio also pa9t$1 !re are "s ( 8 portraits t seem absolutely alive1 & are execut$ 9 fresco s admirably1 t !y cle>ly %ew ! s*ool f :i* he proce$$4 ,he f9i%$ "s pieces 9 oil1 t 7 left imp]fect by ! dea? ( ,rosselli1 & pa9t$ o!rs entirely 8 own1 ! subjects ( :i* 7 *iefly religi\s1 :]e ! c\nt5ances are /rik+ly expressive ( probity & sanctity4 ,z he grew old] he assum$ ! ecclesia/ical habit1 & su/a9$ its dignity by 8 exempl>y conduct1 ! acc\nt ( :i* ,bald9ucci has ext5d$ at "s l5g?4 ,dur+ tw5ty-f\r ye>s 9 :i* he liv$ a prie/1 he did n resign 8 p5cil2 b he employ$ x less frequ5tly1 & g5]ally less successfully1 ?an 9 8 y\?4 ,8 eld] bro!r ,alfonso promis$ mu*1 & ev5 atta9$ a great deal1 ?\gh cut (f 9 e>ly life4 ,! /yle ( ,jacopo ,vignali has "s resemblance to t ( ,gu]c9o1 b less 9 ! =ms ?an 9 ! d>k %ad[s & ! gr\nds4 ,he is among/ ^? s*ol>s ( ,rosselli :o are seldom m5tion$1 al?\gh he pa9t$ m ?an any ( ! re/ = ! pr9ce & ! /ate4 ,he (t5 is weak1 especially 9 attitude2 (t51 h[ev]1 he appe>s praisewor?y1 z 9 ! two pictures at ,s4 ,simone1 & 9 ! ,s4 ,liborio1 :i* is possess$ by ! ,mission>ies4 ,he is mo/ conspicu\s 9 fresco pa9t+1 ) :i* he ornam5t$ ! *apel ( ! ,bon>ruoti4 ,he pa9t$ good hi/orical pictures 9 ! palaces ( _m ( ! nobility1 & he ev5 boa/s noble pupils1 none ( :om did s mu* hon\r to 8 memory z ,c>lo ,dolci4 ,dolci holds ! same rank 9 ! ,flor5t9e1 t ,sass(]rato holds 9 ! ,roman s*ool4 ,bo?1 ?\gh de/itute ( great p[]s ( inv5tion1 obta9$ great reputation = ,madonnas & simil> small subjects1 :i* h n[ become extremely valuable2 = ! weal?y1 desir\s ( possess+ pictures1 at once e/imable & religi\s1 to hang up 9 _! oratories1 h br\ght ^? two ma/]s into great reque/1 not)/&+ t !y op]at$ on v diff]5t pr9ciples4 ,c>lo is n s celebrat$ = beauty1 7= he 0 l 8 ma/]1 a m]e naturali/17 z = ! exquisite pa9s ) :i* he f9i%$ e ?+1 & ! g5u9e expression ( c]ta9 affect+ emotions2 su* z ! pati5t suff]+ ( ,*ri/1 or ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y2 ! p5it5tial compunction ( a ,sa9t1 or ! holy confid5ce ( a ,m>tyr devot+ himself z a victim = ! liv+ ,god4 ,! col\r+ & g5]al tone ( 8 pictures accord ) ! idea ( ! passion2 no?+ is turgid or bold2 all is mode/y1 repose1 & placid h>mony4 ,9 him we may retrace ! mann] ( ,rosselli br\ght to p]fection1 z we sometimes c view ! features ( ! gr&sire 9 8 desc5dants4 ,a few ( 8 l>g] works /ill rema91 su* z ! ,s4 ,antonio1 9 ! royal museum2 ! ,conception ( our ,lady1 9 ! possession ( ! ,m>quis ,r9ucc9i2 also a v few ( 8 subjects f pr(ane /ory1 a few ( 8 portraits1 & ! celebrat$ figure ( ,poetry 9 ! palace ( ,pr9ce ,cors9i4 ,8 small pictures1 = ea* ( :i* he usually receiv$ #ajj cr[ns1 are v num]\s2 & 7 frequ5tly repeat$ by himself or by 8 pupils1 ,aless&ro ,lomi & ,b>tolommeo ,manc9i2 & (t5 by ,agnese ,dolci1 8 daught]1 a good arti/ & foll[] ( ! /yle ( h] fa!r2 b n 8 equal4 ,8 two ,madonnas 9 ! cab9et ( ! ,gr& ,duke1 & 8 m>tyrdom ( ,s4 ,&rew1 9 ! possession ( ! ,m>quis ,g]9i1 h be5 (t5 copi$4 ,( ,onorio ,m>9>i1 ! c\s9 & s*ol> ( ,c>lo1 b few pictures rema9 at ,flor5ce1 ei!r 9 private or 9 public4 ,aft] imitat+ 8 ma/]1 7:i* usually is ! fir/ ex]cise ( /ud5ts 9 ! art1 & (t51 f dissimil>ity ( g5ius1 is _! great bane17 he =m$ ano!r /yle1 by yield+ to ! b5t ( 8 natural p[]s2 :i* 0 m gr&1 _h m ( ! ideal1 & deep] %ad[s2 & ( ?is sev]al specim5s rema9 9 ! *ur*es ( ,s4 ,m>ia ,maggiore1 & ,s4 ,simone4 ,?is arti/ di$ "y1 v un=tunately = ! s*ool to :i* he belong$4 ,ab\t ! p]iod we h be5 describ+1 "s =eign arti/s resid$ at ,flor5ce = a consid]able "t1 to ! no small advantage ( ! native pa9t]s1 z we h already obs]v$4 ,paggi came !re 9 ! reign ( ! ,gr& ,duke ,francis ,i41 rema9$ !re tw5ty ye>s1 & left "s works beh9d him4 ,ab\t ! same "t ,salvator ,rosa1 ,albani1 ,borgognone1 ,colonna1 ,mitelli1 & _m m1 ei!r invit$ by ! pr9ces f abroad1 or com+ !re ( _! own accord1 7 reta9$ by !m = ! decoration ( ! palace & ! city4 ,we %all consid] !m p>ticul>ly "u ! s*ools ( ! c\ntries :]e !y 7 born1 or 9 :i* !y taught2 b "h we %all give a place to ,jacopo ,ligozzi1 :om ! ,flor5t9e s*ool may claim on acc\nt ( 8 resid5ce1 8 employm5t1 & 8 s*ol>s4 ,he _h /udi$ at ,v]ona "u ,paolo ,v]onese1 accord+ to ,bald9ucci2 b "u ,gio4 ,francesco ,c>rotto1 accord+ to ! em5dation ( ,maffei1 )\t reflect+ t ?is arti/ di$ :5 ,jacopo 0 sc>cely ?ree ye>s old4 ,"s =eign writ]s make him ! son ( ,gio4 ,ermanno1 ! pa9t]2 a circum/ance unkn[n to ,cav4 del ,pozzo1 ! t[nsman & hi/orian ( !m bo?4 ,f]d9& ,,ii4 appo9t$ him pa9t] to ! c\rt1 & sup]9t5dant ( ! gall]y4 ,?is 0 v hon\rable1 :5 conf]r$ by su* a pr9ce on him1 9 pref]5ce to _m em95t ,flor5t9es4 ,ligozzi execut$ "s works at ,rome1 & introduc$ at ,flor5ce a fre$om ( p5cil1 an art 9 composition1 a ta/e = ! ornam5tal1 & a grace & gaiety1 till !n r>e 9 t city4 ,8 design 0 suffici5tly correct1 & uni=mly improv$ :ile he rema9$ 9 ,tuscany4 ,z to 8 col\r+1 al?\gh x 0 n t ( ,paolo1 x 0 n defici5t 9 tru? & vig\r4 ,8 sev5te5 semicircul> pictures 9 ! cloi/]s ( ,all ,sa9ts1 are valu$ at ,flor5ce2 especially ! int]view betwe5 ,s4 ,francis & ,s4 ,dom5ick1 ! f\nd]s ( ! ord]4 ,on ?is picture he wrote1 ,to ! confusion ( our fri5ds1 mean+ ! envi\s & malignant4 ,?is is 8 ma/]piece 9 fresco4 ,he pa9t$ m frequ5tly 9 oil col\rs 9 sev]al *ur*es4 ,! ,s4 ,raymond 9 ! act ( reanimat+ a *ild1 9 ,s4 ,m>ia ,novella1 is a picture full ( art2 & !re is ano!r 9 ! same /yle at ! ,scalzi ( ,imola1 repres5t+ ! f\r ,cr[n$ ,sa9ts4 ,! m>tyrdom ( ,s4 ,doro!a1 ,i d n hesitate to call a wond]ful picture2 9 :i* we recognize a foll[] ( ,paolo1 & :i* is 9 possession ( ! ,conv5tual ,fri>s ( ,pescia4 ,! scaffold1 ! execution]1 ! ,prefect on horseback :o is ord]+ him to /rike1 ! great cr[d ( spectators v>i\sly affect$1 & all ! app>atus ( a public puni%m5t1 /rike & a/oni% equally ! connoisseur & ! unskill$ 9 pa9t+2 ! holy m>tyr especially int]e/s u1 :o1 on h] knees1 ) a placid composure1 will+ly resigns h] life1 & is ab\t to receive f angels ! et]nal cr[n pur*as$ ) h] blood4 ,9 o!r p]=mances he %ews m simplicity1 z 9 ! ,s4 ,diego at ,all ,sa9ts1 or 9 ! ,angels at ! ,p4 ,p4 ,scolopi2 b he is an arti/ :o always pleases1 & :o %ews t he felt :at he pa9t$4 ,ligozzi pa9t$ mu* = private individuals4 ,9 8 v small pictures1 a /yle 9 :i* he 0 exp]t1 he f9i%$ z highly z if !y 7 m9iatures4 ,sev]al ( 8 works 7 publi%$ by ,ago/9o ,c>acci1 & o!r engrav]s4 ,none ( 8 ,flor5t9e pupils is e/eem$ equal to ,donato ,mascagni1 = su* 0 8 real "n1 :i* may be se5 subscrib$ to two ,scriptural pieces1 9 possession ( ,sig4 ,ab4 ,gia*i1 at ,volt]ra4 ,hav+ ent]$ ! ord] ( ,s]vi1 he assum$ ! "n ( ,fra ,ars5io2 & sev]al ( 8 works pa9t$ aft] t p]iod are to be se5 9 ,flor5ce1 execut$ 9 a mann] n v full & s(t1 b dilig5t2 ( :i* !re are sev]al o!r specim5s 9 8 ,miracles ( ! ,nunziata1 :i* are engrav$ & illu/rat$ 9 ! little "w ( ,padre ,lott9i4 ,:at does him greate/ hon\r is ! picture pres]v$ 9 ! libr>y ( ! mona/]y ( ,vallombrosa4 ,x repres5ts ! donation ( ! ,/ate ( ,f]r>a to ! ,holy ,seat1 by ! ,c\ntess ,matilda1 z is believ$ by "s1 or r ! di/ribution ( "s privileges by h] to ! ord] ( ,vallombrosa1 & is a picture full ( subject1 & ! *ief glory ( ?is ma/]4 ,9 ca/+ our eyes ov] o!r cities ( ,tuscany1 we f9d "s pa9t]s v capable ( decorat+ h\ses & alt>s4 ,francesco ,moros9i1 surnam$ ,montepulciano1 may be recogniz$ 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,/eph51 ( ,flor5ce1 :]e he pa9t$ a ,conv]sion ( ,s4 ,paul1 9 ! mann] ( 8 ma/] ,fidani4 ,arezzo produc$ ! two ,sant9i4 ,( "o ( !m1 !re nam$ ! ,eld]1 sev]al pictures 7 po9t$ out to me by ! accompli%$ ,cav4 ,giudici2 among :i* 0 a ,s4 ,ca!r9e1 9 possession ( ! ,conv5tual ,fri>s3 x sav\rs ( ! ,flor5t9e mann] dur+ ?is epo*2 except t ! use ( *ang+ t9ts is m frequ5t4 ,b>tolommeo & ,te(ilo ,torre1 ( ,arezzo1 are notic$ z fresco pa9t]s by ,orl&i1 :o m5tions halls1 & ev5 :ole h\ses1 be+ ornam5t$ by ! latt] ) hi/orical pieces2 :i*1 if defici5t 9 design1 he praises = _! col\r+4 ,francesco ,br9i left a good picture ( ! ,immaculate ,conception1 at ,volt]ra3 ( 8 c\ntry & s*ool ,i am ignorant4 ,i d n "k ! ma/] ( ,pompeo ,caccia2 x is c]ta9 t he call$ himself a native ( ,rome1 p]haps because x is easy to sub/itute ! capital1 s well kn[n1 = places 9 ! /ate ( less notoriety4 ,9 ,rome1 h[ev]1 ,i d n f9d any traces ( him4 ,i f9d1 inde$1 t he left sev]al pictures at ,pi/oja2 among :i* is ! ,pres5tation 7at ! ,selesiane7 ( ,jesus 9 ! ,temple1 to :i* is affix$ ! date #afae4 ,aless&ro ,b>delli 0 a native ( ,pescia2 9 8 /yle we f9d traces ( 8 preceptor ,curradi & ( ,gu]c9o4 ,he 0 a good pa9t]1 & execut$ ! ornam5tal bord] = ! portrait ( ,s4 ,francis1 pa9t$ by ,m>g>itone1 = 8 *ur* 9 ,pescia3 he repres5t$ ar\nd x ! virtues ( ! ,sa9t1 & a *oir ( ,angels above4 ,i am d\btful :e!r we %\ld include ,alessio ,gimignani1 "o ( a family ( arti/s 9 ,pi/oia1 to be record$ 9 ! fif? epo*1 among ! pupils ( ,ligozzi1 b he 0 und\bt$ly 8 foll[]4 ,ab\t ?is p]iod two s*ools arose1 highly des]v+ ( notice1 ^? ( ,pisa & ( ,lucca4 ,! ,pisan s*ool recognizes z its f\nd]1 ,aurelio ,lomi1 fir/ a s*ol> ( ,bronz9o1 & aft]w>ds ( ,cigoli4 ,8 v correct p]=mances1 9 ! ca!dral ( ,pisa1 are execut$ aft] bo? ma/]s2 b :5 comp>$ to ,cigoli he is m m9ute1 & has mu* less s(tness4 ,8 aim appe>s to be to surprise ! multitude by an agreeable col\r+1 & a magnific5ce ( drap]ies & ornam5ts4 ,?is /yle pleas$ at ,flor5ce1 9 ,rome1 & m especially at ,g5oa1 :]e he 0 pref]r$ to ,sorri1 _m ye>s e/abli%$ & 9 good repute4 ,8 works 9 t city are v full ( subject2 z 8 ,s4 ,an?ony1 belong+ to ! ,franciscans1 & 8 ,la/ ,judgm5t1 9 ,s4 ,m>ia ( ,c>ignano2 pictures :i* surprise by an air ( novelty3 ! fir/ is graceful1 ri*1 b mode/ 9 ! t9ts2 ! second t]rible1 & ! col\rs m vivid ?an ^? he employ$ on any o!r occasion4 ,a ,s4 ,j]ome1 9 ! ,campo ,santo1 is less gl[+1 b x is e/eem$ by ! ,pisans 8 capital "w2 at ! bottom ( ?is piece he put 8 initials & ! date #aeie4 ,he mo/ probably taught ! pr9ciples ( ! art to 8 bro!r1 ,orazio ,lomi2 :o 0 call$ ,g5tiles*i1 f ! surname ( an uncle4 ,g5tiles*i =m$ 8 /yle1 h[ev]1 on ! f9e/ examples 9 ,rome1 assi/$ by 8 fri5d ,ago/9o ,tassi4 ,tassi 0 an em95t ornam5tal l&scape pa9t]1 & ,g5tiles*i execut$ appropriate figures to 8 inv5tions 9 ! ,loggia ,rospigliosi1 9 ! saloon ( ! ,quir9al palace1 & 9 o!r places4 ,he also pa9t$ "s small] pictures 9 ,rome1 p>ticul>ly at ! ,pace1 f :i* we _c asc]ta9 8 m]it1 ei!r because !y 7 p]=mances ( 8 unripe ye>s1 or because !y h become black f age4 ,he _h n !n atta9$ ! beautiful col\r+1 nor ! ,lomb>d-l mann] ( manag+ ! %ad[s1 :i* we obs]ve 9 _m ( 8 cab9et pictures4 ,a f9e specim51 repres5t+ ,s4 ,cecilia ) ,s4 ,val]ian1 is 9 ! ,borghesi palace4 ,! *oice/ adorn ! royal palace ( ,tur91 & "s h\ses 9 ,g5oa4 ,9 ! collection ( 8 ,excell5cy ,c>d9al ,cambiasi1 !re is a ,david /&+ ov] ! dead ,golia?2 s reliev$1 & ) t9ts s vivid & s well contra/$1 t x gives ! idea ( a /yle entirely new4 ,he 0 e/eem$ by ,v&yck1 & ins]t$ by him 9 8 s]ies ( portraits ( "o hundr$ illu/ri\s m54 ,:5 already old he w5t to ! ,engli% c\rt1 :]e he di$ at ! age ( eighty-f\r4 ,artemisia1 8 daught] & disciple1 foll[$ h] fa!r into t isl&2 b %e pass$ h] be/ ye>s 9 ,italy4 ,%e 0 respect$ = h] tal5ts1 & celebrat$ = ! elegance ( h] mann]s & appe>ance4 ,%e is notic$ bo? by ,italian & =eign writ]s1 & by ,walpole among ! latt]1 9 8 ,anecdotes ( ,pa9t+ 9 ,engl&4 ,%e liv$ long at ,naples1 m>ri$ !re a ,pi] ,antonio ,s*iattesi2 & 0 !re assi/$ & improv$ 9 ! art by ,guido ,r5i1 /udi$ ! works ( ,dom5i*9o1 & 0 n unskill$ 9 o!r approv$ /yles4 ,%e %ews v>iety ( /yle 9 h] few rema9+ hi/orical pictures4 ,"s ( !m are at ,naples & ,pozzuolo1 & !re are two 9 ,flor5ce inscrib$ ) h] "n2 "o 9 ! ducal gall]y1 & ! o!r 9 possession ( my noble & le>n$ fri5d ,sig4 ,av]>do de' ,m$ici2 ! =m] repres5t+ ,judi? slay+ ,hol(]nes1 is a picture ( a /rong col\r+1 ( a tone & p]spicuity t inspires awe2 ! latt]1 a ,susanna & ! ,eld]s1 is a pa9t+ t pleases by ! sc5e1 ! elegance ( ! pr9cipal figure1 & ! drap]y ( ! o!rs4 ,artemisia1 h[ev]1 0 m celebrat$ = h] portraits1 :i* are ( s+ul> m]it2 !y spread h] fame ov] all ,europe1 & 9 !m %e surpass$ h] fa!r4 ,orazio ,rim9aldi 0 a s*ol> ( ! eld] ,lomi 9 ,pisa1 & ( ! y\ng] 9 ,rome1 b imitat$ nei!r ( !m2 f ! beg9n+ he gave himself up to ! guidance ( ,manfr$i1 9 ! mann] ( ,c>avaggio1 & aft]w>ds became a foll[] ( ,dom5ico ,zampi]i1 to rival :om he seems int5d$ by nature4 ,f ! "t t ! art ( pa9t+ reviv$ 9 ,pisa1 t city _h n p]haps s em95t a pa9t]1 nor h _m bett] be5 born on ! banks ( ! ,arno1 a soil s propiti\s to ! arts4 ,gr& 9 cont\r & 9 drap]y1 aft] ! mann] ( ! ,c>acci1 pleas+ & agreeable 9 8 c>nations1 full1 free1 & delicate 9 ! managem5t ( 8 p5cil1 he w\ld h be5 faultless1 _h n ! wret*$ /yle ( engrav+ rais$ prejudices aga9/ him4 ,excessive fatigue1 or1 z o!rs w h x1 ! plague ( #afcj1 snat*$ him 9 e>ly life f 8 c\ntry2 = ! fame ( :i* alone he seems to h liv$ to maturity4 ,he !re ornam5t$ _m alt>s ) f9e pictures1 "o ( :i* repres5t+ ! m>tyrdom ( ,s4 ,cecilia1 0 aft]w>ds plac$ 9 ! ,pitti palace4 ,9 ! *oir ( ! ca!dral !re are two ( 8 scriptural pieces1 t =m a p]fect /udy = any "o :o wi%es to become acqua9t$ ) ?is epo*4 ,! judgm5t ( ! ma/] ( ! works 0 conspicu\s 9 engag+ ,rim9aldi to pa9t ! cupola1 ev5 be=e he _h f9i%$ ! above pictures1 & 9 mak+ *oice ( him 9 pref]5ce to any o!r arti/4 ,! ,assumption ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y1 :i* he pa9t$ 9 oil1 is "o ( ! be/ conceiv$ & mo/ p]fect works t ,tuscany _h ev] beheld1 & x 0 ! la/ lab\r ( ,orazio4 ,8 bro!r ,girolamo complet$ x feebly1 by introduc+ "s figures t 7 want+1 & ! family receiv$ #e1jjj cr[ns z its price4 ,girolamo is r>ely to be met ) 9 ,pisan collections1 & /ill m r>ely 9 o!r places4 ,he 01 h[ev]1 well kn[n 9 8 day1 hav+ be5 invit$ to ,naples to ornam5t ! *apel ( ,s4 ,g5n>o1 & to ! c\rt ( ,p>is by ! que54 ,f among _m ,pisan arti/s ( ?is p]iod record$ by ,sig4 da ,morrona1 or ,sig4 ,tempe/i1 we %all select "s ( ! mo/ consid]able4 ,ercole ,bezzicaluva is wor?y ( notice1 bo? = 8 engrav+s & 8 picture repres5t+ v>i\s sa9ts 9 ! *oir ( ,/4 ,/eph5's at ,pisa4 ,s likewise is ,gio4 del ,sordo1 o!rwise call$ ,mone da ,pisa2 b 8 col\r+ seems sup]ior to 8 inv5tion4 ,zacc>ia ,rond9osi1 ,i believe1 ( ! ,flor5t9e s*ool1 0 m skill$ 9 ornam5tal ?an 9 any o!r bran* ( pa9t+4 ,he repair$ ! pictures 9 ! ,campo ,santo1 & on t acc\nt 0 hon\r$ by ! citiz5s ) a tomb !re1 & ne> x an inscription on ! m>ble4 ,i "k n :e!r any picture ( ,arcangela ,palad9i1 an excell5t embroid]]1 except h] own portrait1 has rea*$ our times4 ,x 0 hung 9 ! ducal gall]y among ! portraits ( illu/ri\s pa9t]s3 to be deposit$ 9 su* a place1 & to rema9 !re f #afba1 is an unequivocal pro( ( its m]it2 s9ce x is ! cu/om ( ! place n lightly to refuse ! portraits ( tol]ably good pa9t]s1 b to keep !m !re z if only lodg]s1 & !n s5d !m to "s villa ( ! pr9ce1 :5 new gue/s arrive1 to take a place 9 ! cab9ets :i* are nam$ de' ,pittori4 ,gio4 ,/efano ,m>ucelli1 bo? an eng9e] & a pa9t]1 0 n born 9 ,pisa1 b he may be reckon$ a ,pisan f 8 long resid5ce & atta*m5t to ! place4 ,hav+ come f ,umbria into ,tuscany1 accord+ to ! tradition ( ! ,pisans1 he became a pupil ( ,boscoli1 & rema9+ at ,pisa1 he cont5d$ ) ! celebrat$ arti/s :om we h notic$ z employ$ f "t to "t 9 ornam5t+ ! tribune ( ! ca!dral4 ,! ,abraham ent]ta9+ ! ?ree angels is a "w ( 81 comm5d$ = felicity ( inv5tion1 & beauty ( col\r+4 ,9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,nicolas at ,pisa1 !re rema9s a memorial ( ,dom5ico ,bongi ( ,pietrasanta1 :o 0 a foll[] ( ,p]9o del ,vaga4 ,he fl\ri%$ 9 #aehb4 ,! s]ies ( ! pr9cipal arti/s ( ,lucca comm5ces ) ,paol ,biancucci1 ! be/ s*ol> ( ,guido ,r5i1 ^: grace & full p[] ( col\r he has imitat$ 9 _m ( 8 works4 ,he sometimes s /rongly resembles ,sass(]rato z to be mi/ak5 = him4 ,! ,purgatory :i* he pa9t$ at ,suffragio1 ! picture repres5t+ v>i\s sa9ts :i* he left at ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,francis1 two 9 possession ( ! noble family ( ,boccella1 & _m o!rs scatt]$ ov] ! city1 are ( su* m]it1 t ,malvasia %\ld h notic$ him among ! pupils ( ,guido1 :i* he has n done4 ,he has also omitt$ ,pietro ,ric*i ( ,lucca1 :o w5t to ,bologna f ! s*ool ( ,passignano4 ,x is true t ! preceptor%ip ( ,guido is 9 ?is in/ance d\btful1 ?\gh ,bald9ucci & ,orl&i bo? ass]t x3 = ,bos*9i1 :o 0 8 intimate fri5d1 says n a ^w ^u ! matt]1 m]ely obs]v+ t ,ric*i regrett$ he _h n /udi$ 9 ,v5ice4 ,x is c]ta9 he frequ5tly imitat$ ! =ms ( ,guido2 b 9 col\r+ & design adh]$ to ! mann] ( ,passignano2 he also imbib$ ! pr9ciples ( ! ,v5etian s*ool1 z we %all relate 9 ! prop] place4 ,two ( 8 pictures are pres]v$ at ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,francis 9 ,lucca1 & "s o!rs rema9 9 private h&s2 small rema9s ( a g5ius v f]tile 9 inv5tion1 & ( a h& mo/ rapid & almo/ indefatigable 9 execution4 ,he pa9t$ 9 sev]al cities ( ,france1 9 ! ,milanese1 & /ill m 9 ! ,v5etian /ates1 :]e he di$ at ,ud9e1 9 ! ,,ms4 guide to :i* place he is (t5 nam$4 ,pietro ,paol9i long liv$ & taught at ,lucca2 he 0 a pupil ( ! ,roman s*ool1 z hi/ory in=ms u2 b to judge f 8 works "o w\ld pron\nce him ( ! ,v5etian4 ,9 ,rome he frequ5t$ ! /udy ( ,angelo ,c>oselli1 :o 0 by education a foll[] ( ,c>avaggio1 b exce$+ly exp]t 9 copy+ & imitat+ e /yle4 ,"u him ,paol9i acquir$ a mann] t %ews good draw+1 broad %ad[s1 & firm t\*es1 comp>$ by "s to ! /yle ( ,titian1 & by o!rs to t ( ,pord5one3 "o also rem>ks 9 8 works und\bt$ imitations ( ,v]onese4 ,! m>tyrdom ( ,s4 ,&rew1 t exi/s at ,s4 ,mi*ele1 & ! gr& picture1 sixte5 cubits long1 pres]v$ 9 ! libr>y ( ,s4 ,fr$iano1 w\ld be suffici5t to immortalize a pa9t]4 ,9 ?is he repres5t$ ! pontiff ,s4 ,gregory1 ent]ta9+ "s pilgrims2 x is a magnific5t picture1 ornam5t$ 9 ! /yle ( ,v]onese1 ) plate & ar*itectural p]spective1 full ( figures1 & possess+ a v>iety1 h>mony1 & beauty1 t h induc$ _m poets to extol x z a wond]ful production4 ,8 cab9et pictures ( conv]sations & rural fe/ivals1 :i* are n r>e at ,lucca1 are exquisite4 ,two1 ( ! ,massacre ( ,valde/a91 belong+ to ! ,orsetti family1 7 especially comm5d$ by ,bald9ucci4 ,! hi/orian rem>ks t he _h a p>ticul> tal5t = su* tragic !mes1 & 9 g5]al = ! en]getic2 he admires him less 9 ! delicate1 & ev5 accuses him ( m>k+ ! action ( 8 female figures too /rongly4 ,t he c\ld h[ev] be v pleas+ :5 he incl9$1 we are l$ to believe f 8 l>ge "w 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,tr9ity2 :i* he is said to h conduct$ 9 ?is graceful /yle1 to demon/rate t he 0 n inf]ior to 8 rival ,biancucci4 ,x is unc]ta9 :e!r ,pietro ,te/a1 call$ at ,rome ,il ,luc*es9o1 0 8 disciple2 b x appe>s highly probable1 :5 8 age is comp>$ ) t ( ,paol9i1 t he le>nt f ! latt] ! pr9ciples ( ! art1 :i* he _h und\bt$ly acquir$ 9 ,lucca be=e he came to ,rome4 ,he !re _h sev]al ma/]s1 & 0 *iefly "u ,pietro da ,cortona1 f ^: s*ool he 0 expell$1 because he treat$ ! maxims ( ! ma/] ) contempt4 ,he !n put himself "u ,dom5i*9o1 on ^: pr9ciples1 says ,pass]i1 he glori$ to rely2 b 8 /yle1 9 8 own despite1 at times approa*es ne>ly to t ( ,cortona4 ,he has also "s resemblance to 8 fri5d ,p\ss91 bo? 9 8 figures 7:i* at "o "t he made too sl5d]71 9 8 l&scapes1 & 9 8 /udy ( ! antique1 ( :i* he 0 deeply enam\r$2 hav+ appli$ himself to design+ ! f9e/ specim5s 9 ar*itecture & 9 sculpture t ,rome af=d$4 ,9 ?is bran* he is excell5t4 ,! dea? ( ,b4 ,angelo1 plac$ 9 ,s4 ,m>t9o a' ,monti1 a picture ( great =ce1 is ! only piece be=e ! public4 ,te/a is m frequ5tly recogniz$ 9 gall]ies3 !re is a ,joseph sold to ! ,i%maelites by him 9 ! capitol2 a ,murd] ( ! ,innoc5ts1 9 ! ,spada palace2 b !re are n _m ( 8 pictures else:]e2 = he engrav$ m ?an he pa9t$4#bba ,he left "s oil pa9t+s at ,lucca1 "o 9 a feeble /yle at ,s4 ,romano1 sev]al at ,s4 ,paol9o1 9 ! ,buonvisi gall]y1 & 9 o!r places1 9 8 be/ mann]4 ,two ( 8 works 9 fresco rema9 !re2 viz4 ! allegorical picture ( ,lib]ty 9 ! s5ate h\se1 & ! small v elegant cupola ( ! oratory 9 ! ,lippi palace4 ,he settl$ at ,rome1 :]e he liv$ unhappily1 & ei!r f despair1 or "s affront1 dr[n$ himself 9 ! ,tib]4 ,8 fate may tea* "y arti/s ( g5ius n to ov]rate _! own tal5ts1 nor to despise ^? ( o!rs4 ,by ^! fail+s1 ,te/a ali5at$ ! m9ds ( 8 contempor>ies1 s t nei!r 9 reputation nor 9 employm5t 0 he s successful z _m o!rs2 & 8 p]petual compla9ts occasion$ d\bts ev5 ( 8 sanity4 ,omitt+ "s s*ol>s ( ,paol9i less addict$ to 8 mann]1 we %all notice ! ?ree bro!rs1 ,cassiano1 ,francesco1 & ,simone del ,t9tore4 ,i f9d no?+ record$ ( ! fir/ t exalts him above m$iocrity2 & :5 "o meets ) an indiff]5t picture ( ! s*ool ( ,paol9i1 x is ascrib$ to ,cassiano1 or "s su* pupil2 or sometimes to ! dotage ( ,paol9i1 :5 he produc$ sket*es r ?an pa9t+s4 ,francesco is recogniz$ z an able arti/ 9 ! ,visitation1 9 ! ap>tm5ts ( 8 excell5cy ! ,gonfaloni]e2 & 9 "s pieces 9 ! ,motroni collection4 ,simone 0 exp]t 9 depict+ birds1 fruit1 & o!r objects 9 ! inf]ior walks ( ! art1 to :i*1 z ,i usually d at ! end ( ea* epo*1 ,i %all "h devote a few pages4 ,& to pursue ?is pleas+ bran* ( pa9t+1 ,i may obs]ve t ,angiol ,gori & ,b>tolommeo ,bimbi ( ,flor5ce1 di/+ui%$ !mselves 9 fruit1 & m especially 9 fl[]s3 ! second 0 ! s*ol> ( ! fir/ 9 ?is l9e1 & ( ,lippi 9 figures4 ,lippi himself induc$ ,&rea ,scacciati to ab&on figures = fruit & fl[]s1 & animals1 9 :i* dep>tm5t he succe$$ well1 & s5t _m pictures into =eign c\ntries4 ,bimbi 0 ! ,m>io ( 8 s*ool4 ,he in/ruct$ ,=t9i1 :om we %all notice by & by along ) ,moro1 a pa9t] ( fl[]s & animals4 ,all ^! gave place to ,lopez ( ,naples1 :o visit$ ,flor5ce 9 8 j\rneys ?r\gh ,italy1 & %all be aft]w>ds m5tion$4 ,! art ( pa9t+ l&scapes1 & _! introduction into collections1 began dur+ ?is epo*3 ! fir/ /yle t became fa%ionable at ,flor5ce 0 t ( ,adriano ,fiamm+o3 b ,cri/(ano ,allori excell$ all by ! neat & firm t\* ( 8 p5cil1 & by ! exquisite figures :i* he introduc$ into 8 l&scapes4 ,guasp>re ,falgani surpass$ him 9 ! numb] ( su* subjects3 he 0 initiat$ 9 ! art by ,val]io ,m>ucelli1 & imitat$ by ,giovanni ,rosi1 & ,b5$etto ,bos*i1 ! bro!r & fell[ /ud5t ( ,francesco4 ,! l&scapes ( ?is age h (t5 _! gre5s *ang$ into black2 & are reckon$ ( ! old s*ool by ,bald9ucci4 ,! new /yle 0 introduc$ into ,flor5ce by ,filippo d',angeli1 or ,philip ! ,neapolitan1 :o 0 long reta9$ at ! c\rt ( ,cosmo ,,ii2 b *iefly by ,salvator ,rosa4 ,?is arti/ 0 br\ght to ,flor5ce by ,c>d9al ,gio4 ,c>lo1 & rema9$ !re = sev5 ye>s2 :]e 9 ! capacity ( pa9t]1 poet1 & au?or ( com$ies1 he 0 con/antly applaud$ = 8 f9e g5ius1 & 8 society c\rt$ by m5 ( le>n+2 ) :om1 9 e dep>tm5t ( lett]s1 ! c\ntry !n ab\nd$4 ,he =m$ no pupils at t place1 b _m "y m5 !re became 8 copyi/s & imitators2 z ,taddeo ,bald9i1 ,lor5zo ,m>telli1 & _m o!rs4 ,antonio ,giu/i1 a pupil ( ,ces>e ,d&9i1 0 p>ticul>ly skill$ 9 ?is art2 b he likewise practis$ e o!r bran* ( pa9t+2 & ,orl&i has describ$ him z an univ]sal pa9t]4 ,signor da ,morrona notices ! ,poli1 two bro!rs1 :o execut$ _m pleas+ l&scapes1 :i* are kn[n 9 ! collections ( ,flor5ce & ( ,pisa4 ,pass+ f l&scape to sea-views1 ,i d n f9d any ,tuscan :o 9 ?is respect equall$ ,pietro ,ciaff]i1 o!rwise call$ ,lo ,sm>giasso1#bbb & record$ among ! ,pisan arti/s4 ,x is said t he resid$ long at ,leghorn1 a place well suit$ to 8 g5ius4 ,he !re decorat$ facades ( h\ses ) disemb>kations & naval ent]prizes2 & ( su* subjects1 ports1 sea-coa/s1 & %ips1 he compos$ oil pa9t+s1 t are usually highly f9i%$1 & ornam5t$ ) small figures1 well design$ & fancifully drap$4 ,he likewise succe$$ greatly 9 ar*itectural views4 ,leghorn & ,pisa are ri* 9 8 easel pictures2 & "o 9 possession ( ,sig4 ,decano ,zuc*etti ( ?is place be>s ! "n ( ! arti/ & ! date #afea4 ,p]spective 0 mu* cultivat$ at ,flor5ce ab\t ?is p]iod2 & ! ,bolognese _h c>ri$ x to a degree ( excell5ce1 t w claim att5tion 9 ! prop] place4 ,lessons 9 x 7 giv5 by ,giulio ,p>igi1 an excell5t ar*itect2 & aft]w>ds by ,baccio del ,bianco1 :o became eng9e] to 8 ,ca?olic ,maje/y ,philip ,,iv4 ,_! !oretic views 7 second$ by ! example ( ,colonna1 :o came to ,flor5ce 9 #afch1 along ) ,mitelli1 a native ( t place1 & rema9$ six ye>s 9 ! s]vice ( ! c\rt4 ,aft] ?is p]iod ,flor5ce produc$ _m pa9t]s ( cab9et pieces1 & 9 ! ornam5tal l9e1 or r a new s*ool ( pa9t+ 0 f\nd$ by ,jacomo ,*iavi/elli1 a pa9t] ( s\nd & m *a/e ta/e ?an 0 common 9 t age4 ,"o may =m an idea ( him 9 sev]al *ur*es1 & 9 _m saloons 9 ! city2 z = in/ance1 9 t ( ! ,c]retani palace1 :i* is among 8 mo/ elegant works4 ,he likewise pa9t$ = cab9ets1 :]e 8 p]spective pieces are frequ5tly to be met )4 ,orl&i notices 8 mo/ consid]able pupils1 ,r9aldo ,botti1 & 8 c\s9 ,lor5zo del ,moro1#bbc ,b5$etto ,=t9i1 & ,giuseppe ,tonelli1 :o also /udi$ at ,bologna4 ,to ^! may be add$1 ,angiol ,gori1 ,giuseppe ,mas9i1 & o!rs :o assi/$ him ab\t #afeh1 9 pa9t+ ! corridore ( ! ducal gall]y1 :i* is n _! be/ p]=mance4 ,i f9d 9 ! anecdotes ( ,mond9a & ,alboresi1 edit$ by ,malvasia1 t ,antonio ,ruggi]i cont5d$ ) !m 9 ,flor5ce3 he 01 ,i believe1 a s*ol> ( ,vann9i1 & a ,s4 ,&rew by him exi/s 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,mi*ele1 9 ,b]teldi1 n[ commonly call$ ,s4 ,gaetano4 ,nor 7 ^! ! only arti/s capable ( introduc+ figures into _! p]spective pieces2 b a great _m ( ! pa9t]s 9 fresco 71 if we may say s1 ambidext]1 = ea* c\ld pa9t p]spectives & figures at ! same "t4 ,portrait pa9t+1 ! s*ool ( ! be/ arti/s :o aspire to fidelity ( repres5tation1 0 greatly promot$ by ,passignano1 :o in/ruct$ ,filippo ,fur9i1 surnam$ ,sciam]oni1 ! fa!r ( ! celebrat$ ,francesco4 ,he also taught ! art to ,dom5ico & ,valore ,cas9i1 two bro!rs celebrat$ by ,bald9ucci3 ,valore 0 rem>kable = a free p5cil1 & 0 a fai?ful copyi/ ( e l9eam5t4 ,! capital is fill$ ) 8 portraits4 ,cri/(ano ,allori pa9t$ portraits1 bo? on commission & = ex]cis+ 8 h& 9 ! del9eation ( ! mo/ beautiful =ms4 ,8 portraits on canvass are reckon$ valuable1 ev5 :5 ! subjects are n kn[n3 ?is is ! case ) t 9 possession ( ! s5ator ,orl&9i2 & "s on small pieces ( copp]1 9 ! gr& ,m$icean collection4 ,c]r9i1 among 8 disciples1 foll[$ 8 /eps2 he is1 ,i ?9k1 also admitt$ into t museum4 ,giovanni ,bati/a ,/efanes*i1 a monk ( ,monte ,s5>io1 a s*ol> ( ,comodi1 & an excell5t m9iature pa9t]1 0 conspicu\s among ! pa9t]s ( portraits & copyi/s4 ,ju/us ,subt]mans1 a native ( ,antw]p1 :o 0 educat$ by ,william de ,vos1 0 also greatly admir$4 ,hav+ fix$ 8 resid5ce at ,flor5ce1 9 ! "t ( ,cosmo ,,ii41 he 0 reta9$ by ! c\rt to ! end ( ! reign ( ,cosmo ,,iii42 & w5t to o!r pr9ces 9 ,g]many & ,italy1 :o 7 ambiti\s ( hav+ a specim5 ( a portrait pa9t]1 e/eem$ little inf]ior to ,v&yck4 ,he 0 mu* e/eem$ by ! latt]1 :o reque/$ 8 portrait1 prefac+ 8 reque/ by s5d+ him 8 own4 ,pet] ,paul ,rub5s likewise hon\r$ him1 & pres5t$ him ) "o ( 8 own hi/orical pictures1 reg>d+ him z an hon\r to _! c\ntry4 ,subt]mans pa9t$ all ! liv+ memb]s ( ! ,m$icean family1 9 a v>iety ( attitudes2 & :5 ,f]d9& ,,ii4 asc5d$ ! ?rone1 :ile /ill a "y man1 ,subt]mans execut$ a /up5d\s picture1 :olly compos$ ( portraits4 ,he repres5t$ 9 x ! c]emony ( swe>+ allegiance to ! new sov]eign2 & p\rtray$ him n only ) 8 "m & gr&mo!r1 b ! s5ators & nobility :o 7 pres5t4 ,?is picture 0 v l>ge3 x has be5 engrav$ on copp] & /ill rema9s 9 ! gall]y4 ,! arti/ _h a neatness & elegance ( p5cil t appe>$ extraord9>y ev5 9 ! s*ool to :i* he belong$2 & possess$ moreov] a peculi> tal5t ( ennobl+ e c\nt5ance )\t injur+ ! lik5ess4 ,x 0 8 practice to /udy ! peculi> & *>act]i/ic air ( ! p]son1 & to imp>t x to 8 "w2 s t :5 he w\ld sometimes conceal ! face ( a portrait1 ! by/&]s c\ld ) c]ta9ty tell :om x repres5t$1 f ! disposition ( ! h&s & ! figure4 ,jacopo ,borgognone rema9$ long 9 ,flor5ce1 & 0 highly respect$ by ,pr9ce ,mat?ias2 ^: milit>y a*ievem5ts 9 ,g]many & 9 ,italy1 & ! places :]e !y happ5$1 he repres5t$ to ! life1 z an hi/orian w\ld h describ$ !m4 ,?is arti/'s battle-pieces are n r>e 9 ,flor5ce2 b ,i d n "k t he _h any pupils 9 t place4 ,! p]son :o promot$ mo/ ! imitation ( ,jacopo1 & ^: works are ev]y:]e1 0 ,p&olfo ,res*i1 ( ,danzig1 :o 0 "o ( 8 be/ s*ol>s2 em95t 9 l&scape 9 ! /yle ( ,salvator ,rosa1 & 9 ar*itectural subjects4 ,9 ! h&s ( ,dr4 ,viligi>di1 ,i saw a picture by him1 ) a view ( ! ,pitti palace1 & ! additions to x !n want+2 b :i* 7 aft]w>ds suppli$ by ! ,au/rian pr9ces1 to ! great ornam5t ( ! royal resid5ce4 ,^? additions 7 f a design ( ,giac9ta ,m>mi2 b ! :ole picture 0 ! "w ( ,p&olfo4 ,he enliv5$ x ) figures1 & excites surprise by ! :ole1 except+ ! di/ribution ( ! light & %ad[1 9 :i* he is n s happy4 ,"o ,santi ,r9aldi1 surnam$ ,il ,tromba1#bbd a pa9t] ( battle-pieces & ( l&scapes1 =m$ himself "u ,fur9i3 he 0 contempor>y ) ,p&olfo2 b is less kn[n 9 ,flor5ce4 ,baccio del ,bianco1 hav+ become a good design] & tol]able pa9t] 9 ! s*ool ( ,biliv]t1 w5t into ,g]many ) ,pi]oni1 ! imp]ial ar*itect & eng9e]1 f :om he le>nt p]spective4 ,he aft]w>ds taught x ) applause 9 ,flor5ce1 z we h said2 & did n omit to ex]cise 8 p5cil1 especially 9 fresco4 ,naturally faceti\s1 he became di/+ui%$ by 8 burlesques1 :i*1 = ! mo/ "p1 7 only design$ ) ! p54 ,he col\r$ "s small oil pictures ( mu* =ce1 :i* 7 portraits 9 ! /yle ( ! ,c>acci1 & sometimes pa9t$ freaks ( sc>am\*es1 & simil> abortions ( nature4 ,gio4 ,bati/a ,brazze1 call$ ,il ,bigio1#bbe a s*ol> ( ,empoli1 employ$ 8 g5ius 9 ano!r bran* ( ! caprici\s /yle3 x consi/$ ( :at appe>$ human figures :5 se5 at a di/ance1 b a ne>] approa* %ew$ !m to be compos$ ( diff]5t sorts ( fruit1 or ma*9es1 artfully arrang$4 ,bald9ucci reckons him ! inv5tor ( ?is art2 b to me x appe>s1 t prior examples may be f\nd 9 ! ,milanese s*ool1 9 :i* ,i treat ( !m fully at ! end ( ! second epo*4 ,la/ly1 mosaic "w 9 h>d /one owes its rise 9 ,flor5ce to ?is epo*2 & aft] gradually improv+ dur+ two c5turies1 is n[ ev]y:]e kn[n z a "w ( ?is capital1 & almo/ exclusively its own4 ,9 a lett] ( ,te(ilo ,gallacc9i1#bbf we read t ?is species ( mosaic _h be5 inv5t$ 9 ,flor5ce1 9 ! "t ( ,f]d9& ,i42 an ass]tion :i* is n true4 ,be=e t p]iod x fl\ri%$ 9 ,lomb>dy4 ,! ,c>?usian ,mona/]y ( ,pavia _h 9 its pay a family ( ! "n ( ,sac*i2 :i* has exi/$ !re to our own times1 & has fill$ ! great *ur* ) ?is k9d ( mosaic4 ,!re are specim5s ( x 9 ,milan ( v anci5t date4 ,9 t place ,giacomo da ,trezzo1 :o execut$ ! tab]nacle = ! *ur* ( ! ,escurial1 :i* is e/eem$ ! mo/ beautiful & magnific5t 9 ,*ri/5dom1#bbg receiv$ 8 in/ruction4 ,ab\t ! "t ( ,cosmo ,i41 ,flor5ce h]self witness$ ! rudim5ts ( ?is art 9 a small picture compos$ ( gems :i* %e possess$1 z is record$ by ,vas>i4#bbh ,a simil> "o 0 execut$ = ,francis ,i41 f a design ( ,vas>i1 by ,b]n>d9o di ,porfirio ( ,leccio1 7a di/rict ( ! ,flor5t9e /ate7 compos$ ( ori5tal alaba/]1 & l>ge slabs ( jasp]1 heliotrope1 cornelian1 lapis lazzuli1 agate1 & o!r /ones & gems1 :i* !y e/imate at #bj1jjj cr[ns4 ,b pictures s wr\ght 9 l>ge pieces1 7 n ( t p]fect k9d ( mosaic t conta9$ a va/ v>iety ( col\rs & middle t9ts4 ,su* are execut$ 9 e %ade ( col\r1 f ! natural /a9s ( ! /one itself2 & ! t9ts are l[]$1 height5$1 & manag$1 s z almo/ to rival pa9t+4 ,= ?is purpose1 e species ( h>d /one is collect$ & saw$2 innum]able col\rs are !nce select$1 graduat+ f ! deepe/ to ! lighte/ %ade1 :i* are kept ready = use4 ,?is art 0 9 reque/ at ,milan2 :]e1 on acc\nt ( ! vic9ity ( ,alp9e c\ntries ab\nd+ 9 e species ( h>d /one1 x arriv$ at great p]fection4 ,francesco ,i4 m$itat+ ! erection ( ! magnific5t *apel = ! sepulture ( ! royal family1 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,lor5zo1 & ! ornam5t+ x ) urns & alt>s wr\ght 9 h>d /one1 invit$ ,giovanni ,bian*i f t city to 8 c\rt1 9 ! ye> #aehj1 & committ$ ! works 9 mosaic to 8 direction4 ,soon aft] ,f]d9&o asc5d$ ! ?rone1 & ! new art ga9$ gr\nd "u him2 x 0 promot$ by ,con/ant9o de' ,s]vi1 & aft]w>ds by o!r arti/s1 :o progressively improv$ x4 ,! tables1 cab9ets1 & c(f]s1 small l&scapes1 & ar*itectural pieces :i* 7 !re execut$1 & s5t z pres5ts to pr9ces1 are disp]s$ ov] ,europe4 ,9 "o cab9et ( ! ducal gall]y !re is an exquisite octagonal table1 ! r\nd c5tral piece ( :i* 0 design$ by ,poccetti1 & ! ornam5tal bord] by ,ligozzi4 ,jacopo ,autelli execut$ ! "w1 on :i*1 ) num]\s assi/ants1 he 0 employ$ = sixte5 ye>s1 & f9i%$ x 9 #afdi4 ,9 ! cab9et ( cameos & engrav$ gems1 !re are figures 9 mezzo-relievo1 & entire little /atues 9 h>d /one1 fabricat$ by ! same company ( arti/s2 n to m5tion :at is 9 ! ,pitti palace & ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,lor5zo4 ,a simil> company /ill exi/s1 "u ! direction ( ! ,signori ,siries1 & ab\nd+ 9 subord9ate arti/s1 :i* is support$ ) royal magnific5ce by ! pr9ce1 = :om x is con/antly employ$4 ,footnote #bab3 ,! new /yle began 9 ! reign ( ,francesco ,i41 :o 0 greatly skill$ 9 design1 :i* he _h le>nt ( ,buontal5ti4 ,he 0 succe$$ by ,f]d9&o ,i41 ,cosmo ,,ii41 ,f]d9&o ,,ii41 all ( !m celebrat$ = _! magnific5t works 9 ornam5t+ ! city & ! palace3 ,c>d9als ,gio4 ,c>lo & ,leopoldo de' ,m$ici also fl\ri%$ !re1 bo? ( !m patrons ( ! arts2 & ! latt] is record$ 9 hi/ory = 8 k ( !m1 & ! spl5did collection :i* he =m$4 ,we may add to ^! ,pr9ce ,mattia1 & o!rs ( t family4 ,footnote #bac3 ,he 0 born 9 #afbd1 & di$ 9 #afib1 leav+ mat]ials = ! completion ( ! "w1 :i* 7 aft]w>ds arrang$ by ,sav]io1 8 son1 a g5tleman ( ! law1 :o put ! f9i%+ h& to ! :ole4 ,piac5za4 ,ri/retto della ,vita di ,filippo ,bald9ucci1 p4 xvi4 ,footnote #bad3 ,9 ?is bran* ( ! art1 inde$1 he 0 n s greatly skill$2 & ! ,cav4 ,titi1 aft] comm5d+ 8 ,assumption1 :i* is exhibit$ 9 ! entablature ( ! ca!dral at ,leghorn1 adds1 t n hav+ be5 conduct$ accord+ to ! rules ( =e%ort5+1 "s exceptions may be made to x4 ,footnote #bae3 ,!re is a ,visitation by ?is arti/1 & inscrib$ ) 8 "n1 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,an?ony ( ,pisa1 :i* he execut$ 9 a weak /yle 9 #afjf4 ,footnote #baf3 ,9 ! great saloon he has poetically repres5t$ ! protection af=d$ to lit]ature by ,lor5zo de' ,m$ici4 ,) "s lic5ces peculi> to t age1 & usual ) him1 ! composition & ! figures are v beautiful2 & !re is an imitation ( basso-relievo 9 8 pa9t+1 t w\ld deceive ! mo/ skilful1 & tempt !m to believe x absolutely rais$ f ! wall4 ,?is "w1 left imp]fect by him1 0 complet$ by ,pagani1 by ,montelatici1 & by ,fur9i1 ) "s semicircul> pieces4 ,footnote #bag3 ,?is is express$ by ! ,italians by il possesso del sotto 9 su4 ,tr4 ,footnote #bah3 ,see tom4 ii4 ( ,signor ,gia*i1 p4 #bjb4 ,footnote #bai3 ,! ,ragg$ ,cloak recov]$4 ,footnote #bbj3 ,x 0 publi%$ ) notes by ,dr4 ,paolo ,m9ucci1 & 0 repr9t$ ) o!r illu/rations ( ,sig4 ,antonio ,biscioni4 ,footnote #bba3 ,pass]i1 a great admir] ( 8 t9ts1 pron\nces him a ma/] ( inv5tion2 &1 treat+ ( 8 engrav+s1 says1 su* vig\r ( conception1 su* novelty1 & su* v>iety1 7 nev] ! gift ( any o!r arti/4 ,he is a poet 9 all 8 hi/oric pieces1 8 composition is full ( fancy2 ?is1 h[ev]1 is n equally comm5d$ by all1 :o look = ! simple action )\t o!r access>ies4 ,footnote #bbb3 ,! ,bully4 ,footnote #bbc3 ,botti is pron\nc$ a fam\s fresco pa9t] by ,magalotti1 9 ,lett4 ,pitt4 tom4 v4 p4 #bbi4 ,!re are v>i\s me*anical works ( ,lor5zo4 ,he pa9t$ ! :ole ceil+ ( ! *ur* ( ! ,dom5icans at ,fiesole1 :i* 0 consid]$ by ,conca among ! respectable productions ( 8 age4 ,footnote #bbd3 ,! ,trumpet4 ,footnote #bbe3 ,! ,sw>?y4 ,footnote #bbf3 ,lett4 ,pitt4 tom4 i4 p4 #cjh4 ,footnote #bbg3 ,! ,ab4 ,conca1 tom4 ii4 p4 #ec1 writes ( ?is arti/1 t ) ?is & simil> works he acquir$ s mu* reputation 9 ,madrid1 t ! "n ( a pr9cipal /reet 9 :i* he liv$ 0 borr[$ f 82 f ! "t ( ,philip ,,ii4 x has be5 call$ ,jacome ,trezzo4 ,footnote #bbh3 ,tom4 viii4 p4 #aef4 ,,flor5t9e ,,s*ool4 ,,epo* ,v4 ,pietro da ,cortona & 8 foll[]s4 ,aft] ! middle ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 ! ,flor5t9e s*ool1 & also t ( ,rome1 und]w5t a rem>kable revolution1 occasion$ by ! va/ numb] ( ! foll[]s ( ,pietro da ,cortona4 ,sects 9 pa9t+ h ! same fate z sects 9 philosophy3 "o succe$s ano!r2 & ! new pr9ciples are propagat$ m or less rapidly1 accord+ to ! degree ( opposition !y h to enc\nt] :]e !y happ5 to be diffus$4 ,! mann] ( ,cortona met ) consid]able opposition 9 ,rome1 z we %all f9d 9 ! prop] place4 ,he 0 invit$ to ,flor5ce by ,f]d9& ,,ii4 ab\t ! ye> #afdj1 to ornam5t "s ( ! ap>tm5ts ( ! ,pitti palace2 & ?is "w1 9 :i* he sp5t sev]al ye>s1 has appe>$ to connoisseurs ! mo/ beautiful he ev] p]=m$4 ,he 0 direct$ 9 ?is "w by ,mi*elangiolo ,bon>ruoti ! y\ng]1 a lit]>y man ( great judgm5t2 & ,cortona appe>s also to display le>n+ 9 ! execution4 ,9 "o ap>tm5t he pa9t$ ! f\r ages ( ! _w1 :i* ! poets ( all nations h describ$ 9 imitation ( ,hesiod2 five o!r *amb]s 7 d$icat$ to five fabul\s deities1 f :om !y 7 nam$ ! *amb] ( ,m9]va1 ( ,apollo1 ( ,m>s1 ( ,jupit]1 & ( ,m]cury4 ,he unit$ ! my?ology ( ea* ) hi/ory4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 9 ! *amb] ( ,apollo1 he repres5ts ?is patron ( ! f9e arts on ! ceil+ 9 ! act ( receiv+ ! "y ,h]cules1 :o is introduc$ by ,m9]va1 t he may be in/ruct$2 & on ! walls he pa9t$ ,alex&] read+ ! works ( ,hom]1 ,augu/us li/5+ to ,virgil1 & o!r simil> /ories1 :i* are fully describ$ by ,pass]i 9 8 ,life ( ,cortona4 ,! great "w 0 f9i%$ by ,ciro ,f]ri2 = aft] ,cortona _h begun ! *amb] ( ,m]cury1 on "s disgu/1 :i* is v>i\sly relat$1 he secretly )drew f c\rt1 return$ to ,rome1 & always decl9$ :5 repeat$ly invit$ to revisit ,flor5ce4 ,!re1 h[ev]1 he _h laid ! f\ndations ( a new s*ool4 ,bald9ucci rem>ks on ! /yle ( ,pietro1 t x 0 no soon] se5 at ,flor5ce1 ?an prais$ by ! be/ judges4#bbi ,! pr$ilection ( ,cosmo ,,iii4 contribut$ to br+ x into cr$it2 ?is pr9ce p5sion$ ,ciro ,f]ri 9 ,rome1 t he might in/ruct ! ,tuscans :o came !re to /udy4 ,at t "t !re 0 no arti/ ( t c\ntry :o did n1 m or less1 imitate ?is /yle4 ,we %all n[ describe x1 & trace x to its orig94 ,pietro ,b]rett9i1 a native ( ,cortona1 ! s*ol> ( ,comodi 9 ,tuscany1 & ( ,ci>pi at ,rome1 is m5tion$ also among ! writ]s on ! art4#bcj ,he acquir$ 8 k ( design by copy+ antique basso-relievos1 & ! *i>oscuros ( ,polidoro1 a man :o appe>s inspir$ by ! s\l ( an anci5t4 ,pietro *ose ,trajan's column z 8 fav\rite /udy2 & f x he may h drawn 8 heavy proportions1 & ! appe>ance ( /r5g? & robu/ness1 t *>act]ize ev5 8 female =ms & 8 *ildr53 9 _! eyes1 noses1 & lips1 he surpasses ! m$ium /&>d2 & _! h&s & feet are c]ta9ly n rem>kable = _! light elegance4 ,b 9 contra/1 or ! art ( oppos+ gr\p to gr\p1 figure to figure1 & "p to "p1 9 :i* he 0 di/+ui%$1 he appe>s to h foll[$ ,lanfranco1 & p>tly to h =m$ x f ! ,bac*analian vases1 :i* are p>ticul>ly m5tion$ 9 8 life by ,pass]i4 ,8 ta/e may probably h be5 drawn1 9 "s measure1 f ! ,v5etian s*ool2 s9ce hav+ gone to /udy !re1 & !n return$ to ,rome1 he de/roy$ :at he _h previ\sly done1 & execut$ 8 works anew 9 ! ,b>b]9i palace1 accord+ to ! acc\nt ( ,bos*9i1 8 great admir]4 ,g5]ally speak+1 he f9i%es no?+ highly b :at 0 int5d$ to be mo/ conspicu\s2 he avoids /rong %ad[s1 is fond ( middle t9ts1 pref]s ! less brilliant gr\nds1 col\rs )\t affectation1 & is reckon$ ! inv5tor & *ief arti/ ( a /yle1 :i*1 9 ! op9ion ( ,m5gs1 comb9es facility ) ta/e4 ,he employ$ x 9 pictures ( all sizes ) applause2 b 9 pa9t+ ( furniture1 & /ill m on ceil+s1 9 cupolas1 & recesses1 he c>ri$ x to a pit* ( beauty :i* w nev] fail to procure him panegyri/s & imitators4 ,! judici\s division ( 8 hi/orical compositions1 :i* d]ives aid f ! ar*itecture1 t skilful gradation by :i* he repres5ts ! imm5sity ( a]ial space beyond ! cl\ds1 8 k 9 ! art ( =e%ort5+ :at is se5 f bel[1 t play ( light seem+ly cele/ial1 t symmetrical disposition ( 8 figures1 are circum/ances :i* en*ant ! eye & fasc9ate ! s\l4 ,x is true t ?is mann] does n always satisfy ! m9d2 = int5t on gratify+ ! eye1 x introduces useless figures1 9 ord] t ! composition may n be defici5t 9 ! usual fulness2 & = ! sake ( contra/1 figures 9 ! p]=mance ( ! g5tle/ actions1 are pa9t$ z if ! arti/ 0 repres5t+ !m 9 a t\rnam5t or a battle4 ,gift$ by nature ) facility ( g5ius1 & no less judgm5t1 ,b]rett9i ei!r avoid$ ?is extravagance1 z 9 8 /up5d\s ,conv]sion ( ,s4 ,paul1 or did n c>ry x to t absurdity1 :i* 9 our times has m>k$ 8 foll[]s1 f ! usual t5d5cy ( all s*ools to ov]*>ge ! *>act]i/ic ( _! ma/]4 ,h5ce ! facility ( ?is /yle has deg5]at$ into neglig5ce & its ta/e into affectation2 until its *ief adh]5ts beg9 z at pres5t to ab&on x1 & to adopt a sup]ior mann]4 ,b n to w&] f ! ,flor5t9e s*ool1 we mu/ confess t ?is epo* has be5 ! lea/ productive ( em95t pa9t]s4 ,pietro _h "s pupils at t place1 :o did him equal hon\r ) ! ,romanelli & ! ,f]ri at ,rome4 ,i %all fir/ m5tion a =eign]1 :o hav+ e/abli%$ himself at ,flor5ce1 may be reckon$ ( t s*ool4 ,livio ,mehus1 a native ( ,fl&]s1 came into ,tuscany f ,milan1 :]e he _h receiv$ "s in/ruction 9 ! art f ano!r ,flem+1 nam$ ,*>les1 0 tak5 "u ! protection ( ,pr9ce ,mat?ias1 & recomm5d$ to ,b]rett9i1 :o gave him lessons = a little "t bo? 9 ,flor5ce & at ,rome4 ,by copy+ ! antique he became a good design]1 & he /udi$ col\r+ at ,v5ice & 9 ,lomb>dy4 ,he reta9$ little ( ! mann] ( ,cortona besides ! composition4 ,he imitat$ ! ,v5etians less 9 col\r+1 ?an 9 ! light & firm t\*es ( 8 p5cil4 ,8 t9ts are mode/1 8 attitudes lively1 8 %ad[s mo/ beautiful1 & 8 inv5tions +5i\s4 ,he pa9t$ few alt> pieces1 b _m cab9et pictures1 = he 0 p5sion$ by ! pr9ce1 & employ$ by noble families1 9 ^: h\ses 8 works are (t5 to be met )4 ,! hi/orical picture ( ! ,repose ( ,bac*us & ,ariadne1 :i* he pa9t$ = ,m>quis ,g]9i1 9 emulation ( ,ciro ,f]ri1 is v highly prais$4 ,f]ri conceiv$ "s jeal\sy ( him1 :5 he pa9t$ ! cupola ( ! ,pace at ,flor5ce2 :]e he appe>s to approa* ! ,lomb>d s*ool1 & ev5 to surpass ,cortona4#bca ,he 0 imitat$ by a ,lor5zo ,rossi1 previ\sly a s*ol> ( ,pi] ,d&9i1 :o1 accord+ to ,p4 ,orl&i1 execut$ "s elegant small pictures4 ,v9c5zio ,d&9i w5t f ! s*ool ( 8 bro!r ,ces>e into t ( ,cortona1 or r into ! ,roman s*ool1 :]e he copi$1 z well z he c\ld1 ) unwe>i$ assiduity1 ! f9e/ specim5s 9 pa9t+1 sculpture1 & ar*itecture4 ,on ?is f\ndation1 aid$ by practice 9 anatomy1 at ! academy = ! nak$ figure1 :i* /ill fl\ri%$ at ,flor5ce1 he became sup]ior to 8 bro!r 9 design & 9 s(tness ( col\r+3 he also f9i%$ m highly ?an ,ces>e1 0 m /udi\s 9 8 drap]y1 & 9 ! o!r bran*es ( ! art4 ,9 ,all ,sa9ts !re is a ,conception ( ! ,virg91 & ?ree o!r pictures by 8 h&4 ,he 0 employ$ 9 ! ducal villas3 9 t ( ,poggio ,imp]iale he pa9t$ a beautifully =e%ort5$ figure ( ,aurora1 att5d$ by ! ,h\rs1 9 a recess he _h erect$2 & at ,petraia pa9t$ 9 oil ! ,sacrifice ( ,niobe4 ,9 him ! pupil ( ,cortona is v manife/4 ,a simil> /yle1 b deg5]at$ bo? 9 execution & 9 mann]1 is discov]able 9 ,pietro1 8 son & s*ol>4 ,?is arti/ 0 sup]ior to all ! o!r ,d&9i2 & by m ext5sive travels he obta9$ a great] k ( =eign pa9t]s3 x w\ld h be5 well if he _h n attempt$ to surpass !m also 9 8 emolum5ts4 ,f av>ice he und]took too _m works1 & cont5t$ himself ) a c]ta9 m$iocrity 9 /udy2 = :i* he1 9 "s measure comp5sat$ by a fre$om ( p5cil t is always admirable4 ,:]e well paid1 he demon/rat$ 8 abilities2 z 9 ! cupola ( ,s4 ,m>y ,magdal52 9 sev]al frescos 9 ! ducal palace at ,flor5ce1 9 ! royal villas1 & 9 ! copi\s hi/orical picture ( ! tak+ ( ,j]usalem1 :i* he pa9t$ 9 ! public palace at ,pisa4 ,he also pa9t$ "s alt>-pieces wor?y ( himself2 z ! ,s4 ,francis 9 ,s4 ,m>ia ,maggiore or ! ,beato ,piccolom9i 9 ! attitude ( say+ mass1 9 possession ( ! ,s]vi2 a beautiful picture1 full ( spirit$ attitudes4 ,8 son1 ,ottaviano1 appe>s 8 foll[] 9 "s semicircul> pictures 9 ! cloi/] ( ,s4 ,spirito1 9 a piece repres5t+ v>i\s sa9ts 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,lor5zo2 & :]ev] he 0 employ$4 ,"o ( 8 gr&e/ works may be se5 9 ,s4 ,m>y ,magdal5 at ,pescia1 ! ceil+ ( :i* he pa9t$ 9 fresco4 ,! ,d&9i family _h _m s*ol>s1 :o1 ) _! desc5dants1 h kept alive ! s*ool ( ,cortona1 ev5 to our own days4 ,?is s*ool 0 n em95t2 x requires b little exam9ation1 or prolixity ( description4 ,x has produc$ "s good arti/s2 b few ( !m are above m$iocrity2 a fault less to be attribut$ to _! g5ius1 ?an ! times4 ,! m mod]n /yle 0 e/eem$ ! be/3 ! la/ ma/] seem$ to discov] new maxims 9 pa9t+1 & aboli%$ ! old3 & ?us arti/s ( little celebrity gave bir? to o!rs m m9ute & mann]$1 resembl+ _! prototype 9 maxims1 b inf]ior 9 reputation4 ,ab\t ?is "t x became fa%ionable to pa9t ) a c]ta9 degree ( c>eless ease1 or ,sprezzatura1 z x is /yl$ by "s2 & ,giordano & "s ,v5etians are applaud$ = ?is mann]4 ,sev]al ,flor5t9e arti/s tri$ to imitate !m1 & h produc$ works t resemble sket*es3 ?is species ( mann]ism is n uncommon 9 o!r s*ools4 ,x is unnecess>y to be p>ticul>1 b only to obs]ve g5]ally t su* arti/s are z r>e 9 *oice collections ( pictures1 z ,&rea del ,s>to or ,cigoli3 ! latt] are !re sc>ce1 because !y pa9t$ ) great c>e2 ! =m] class because !y pa9t$ ) v little4 ,9 ! "w entitl$ ,s]ies ( ! mo/ celebrat$ pa9t]s1 we f9d ,antonio ,riccianti1 ,mi*ele ,n(]i1 & "s o!rs ^: names are m]ely m5tion$ z s*ol>s ( ,v9c5zio2 & ,gabbiani is ! only "o p>ticul>ly prais$4 ,9 l mann]1 among ! pupils ( ,pietro ,d&9i we f9d ! names ( ,gio4 ,c9qui1 ^: portrait is 9 ! ducal gall]y1 ,antonio ,puglies*i1 ( ,flor5ce1 :o /udi$ "u ,ciro1 & ,val]io ,baldass>i ( ,pescia2 b !re is a p>ticul> eulogy be/[$ on ,frat9elli1 :om we %all notice h]eaft]4 ,i f9d also t ,p4 ,alb]igo ,c>l9i1 a ,m9orite monk ( ,pescia1 0 ! pupil ( ,ottaviano1 & att5d$ ,conca at ,rome4 ,he pa9t$ "s good pictures1 *iefly 9 ! *ur* ( 8 ord] at ,pietrasanta4 ,to 8 we may also add ! "n ( ,sant>elli1 a patrician ( ! same c\ntry1 & :o di$ at ,rome4 ,! mo/ celebrat$ pupil ( ! ,d&9i 0 ,anton ,dom5ico ,gabbiani1 n long ago m5tion$2 be=e he 0 ! pupil ( ,v9c5zio1 he _h lessons f ,subt]mans1 & f9i%$ 8 education at ,rome "u ,ciro ,f]ri1 & at ,v5ice by /udy+ ! be/ ma/]s4 ,we mu/ n give cr$it to ,pascoli1 :o has repres5t$ him z a mean arti/4#bcb ,gabbiani ranks among/ ! be/ design]s ( 8 age2 a collection ( 8 draw+s is 9 ! possession ( ,sig4 ,pac9i1 :i* 0 (t5 inspect$ & comm5d$ by ,m5gs = ! facility & elegance he !re discov]$4 ,_m ( 8 designs 7 engrav$ & publi%$ 9 8 life by ,ignatius ,hug=d4 ,8 col\r+ sometimes bord]s on ! languid1 b is g5]ally good3 he is correct & natural1 especially 9 fle%y t9ts2 juicy1 & temp]$ by a pleas+ h>mony4 ,! greate/ fault 9 ! /yle ( ?is arti/ is 9 8 drap]ies1 :i*1 ?\gh correct1 & /udi$ ) 8 usual dilig5ce1 always exhibit a degree ( heav9ess 9 ! execution1 are too conf9$1 & sometimes are n q true 9 ! col\r+4 ,8 m]it is v great 9 light subjects3 9 ! ,pitti1 & o!r palaces ( "s ( ! nobility ( ,flor5ce1 8 dances ( g5ii & gr\ps ( boys are to be met )1 & yield little to ^? ( ,baciccio4 ,"o ( ! f9e/ is 9 ! h\se ( ! ,orl&9i family2 & ! ,m>quis ( ,ricc>di has specim5s among ! mirrors plac$ 9 8 collection4 ,8 l>ge/ & mo/ celebrat$ "w 9 fresco is ! va/ cupola ( ,ce/ello1 :i* he did n :olly f9i%4 ,8 oil pictures are e/eem$ preci\s ev5 9 ! ducal gall]y4 ,sev]al ( 8 works ( unequal m]it are pres]v$ 9 *ur*es2 b 8 ,s4 ,philip1 9 possession ( ! fa!rs ,dell' ,oratorio1 ju/ifies ! ass]tion ( ,r$i1 t1 except ,m>atta1 !re 0 !n no pa9t] 9 ,rome t c\ld eclipse him4#bcc ,! catalogue ( 8 s*ol>s is ext5sive2 b "s ( !m1 z happ5s to e ma/]1 may be also claim$ by o!r preceptors4 ,b5$etto ,luti 0 an hon\r to ,gabbiani & to ,flor5ce4 ,hav+ =m$ himself 9 ?is s*ool1 he w5t to ,rome1 9 hopes ( receiv+ ! in/ructions ( ,ciro ,f]ri2 b ! dea? ( t ma/] int]v5+1 he 0 guid$ by 8 own g5ius1 & ! monum5ts ( art exi/+ 9 t city4 ,! /yle he !re =m$ may be consid]$ a comp\nd ( v>i\s imitations1 select 9 ! =ms1 pleas+ & bright 9 col\r+1 %ew+ art 9 ! di/ribution ( light & %ade1 & z h>moni\s to ! eye z is ! orator to ! e>1 :o en*ants an audi5ce by 8 well turn$ p]iods2 ! delightful fasc9ation is felt1 b ! s\rce ( x _c be assign$4 ,9 t metropolis we %all f9d him ma/] ( ! new /yle2 b 9 ,tuscany we _c po9t out _m ( 8 pictures besides ^? 9 ! ducal palace3 private collections are ri* only 9 8 crayon pieces1 :i* are likewise well kn[n out ( ,italy4 ,!re is "o ( 8 l>ge pictures on canvass at ,pisa1 ! subject ( :i* is ! ,ve/m5t ( ,s4 ,rani]i2 & x is ! mo/ admir$ among ! l>g] pa9t+s ( ! ca!dral4 ,luti s5t x to ,gabbiani = 8 correction be=e x 0 expos$ to ! public2 a circum/ance highly hon\rable to ! mode/y ( ! s*ol> & ! abilities ( ! ma/]4#bcd ,8 portrait is 9 ! ducal gall]y2 & ! m rigid critics1 on look+ at x1 h be5 kn[n to say1 ,behold ! la/ pa9t] ( 8 s*ool4 ,tommaso ,r$i 0 a pupil ( ! same ma/]2 & is notic$ 9 ! ,lett]e ,pittori*e1 z a good compos] ( hi/orical pictures1 & is also prais$ = design1 col\r+1 & _s4 ,f ! s*ool ( ,gabbiani he w5t "u ! tuition ( ,m>atta & ,bale/ra1 bo? arti/s respectable = _! /yle1 & decl>$ enemies to ! innovations :i* h occupi$ & debas$ our s*ools = s long a p]iod4 ,r$i also visit$ ! mo/ celebrat$ s*ools1 b = ! sole purpose ( /udy+ ! old ma/]s1 & ( mak+ copies ( _! works1 "s ( :i*1 ) a few pieces ( 8 own inv5tion1 rema9 9 8 family4 ,9 ! eulogy ( ,anton ,dom5ico we f9d hon\rable m5tion made ( 8 nephew1 ,gaetano ,gabbiani2 ( ,francesco ,salvetti1 8 intimate fri5d2 ( ,gio4 ,antonio ,pucci1 a pa9t] & a poet2 ( ,giuseppe ,bald9i1 ^: promis+ c>e] 0 cut %ort by dea?1 & ( ,rani]i del ,pace1 a native ( ,pisa1 :o aft]w>ds yield+ to ! torr5t ( fa%ion1 became a complete mann]i/4 ,ignatius ,hug=d1 born 9 ,flor5ce1 b ^: fa!r 0 a native ( ,engl&1#bce 0 admirably skill$ 9 recogniz+ ! h&s ( diff]5t ma/]s1 & likewise pa9t$ 9 a good mann] a picture ( ,s4 ,raphael at ,s4 ,felicita1 & "s o!r pieces1 :i* 7 mo/ly small1 & h be5 admitt$ into ! royal museum4 ,! feeble pa9t+s 9 possession ( ! ,vallombrosani at ,=li1 & "s ( ! same /amp at ,flor5ce1 are likewise by ?is arti/4 ,aless&ro ,gh]>d9i1 a rival ( ,gabbiani1 & 9 ! op9ion ( _m1 8 sup]ior 9 g5ius z a pa9t]1 _h wond]ful facility 9 c\nt]feit+ diff]5t /yles4 ,he w\ld h equall$ any ( 8 contempor>ies1 _h he always pa9t$ 9 ! /yle ( 8 ,crucifixion ( our ,"l 9 ,c&eli1 9 :i* he calls to m9d a happy imitation ( diff]5t s*ools4 ,x is a "w /udi$ 9 e "p1 especially 9 ! g5]al tone1 :i* artfully expresses ! d>kness ( t h\r4 ,a hi/ory piece ( ,alex&] ! ,great1 9 ,casa ,orl&9i1 ) figures ( half-l5g?1 & execut$ ) great indu/ry1 is also held 9 high e/eem2 b he aim$ at pa9t+ pictures ( e degree ( m]it4 ,"o ( 8 pupils1 no less f]tile 9 tal5t1 & nam$ ,seba/iano ,galeotti1 is r rememb]$ ?an kn[n at ,flor5ce4 ,he left 8 native place :5 "y1 travell$ ab\t a long "t )\t any fix$ resid5ce1 & has left specim5s beh9d him 9 _m p>ts ( ,upp] ,italy4 ,he at l5g? settl$ at ,g5oa1 :]e we %all aga9 notice him4 ,! ducal gall]y conta9s portraits bo? ( ! ma/] & ( ! s*ol>1 by ! side ( ^? ( ,gabbiani & ,r$i4 ,o!r consid]able pa9t]s ( ?is epo* h obta9$ a simil> hon\r2 among :om we may m5tion ,ago/9o ,v]ac9i1 a s*ol> ( ,seba/ian ,ricci1 ,francesco ,conti1 a disciple ( ,m>atta1 & ,lapi1 a foll[] ( ,giordano2 ea* ( ^! has successfully imitat$ 8 guide4#bcf ,! ,s4 ,apollonia ( ! fir/1 pa9t$ = ! *ur* ( t "n2 v>i\s ,madonnas ( ! second1 9 ! h&s ( private g5tlem52 & ! ,transfiguration ( ! la/1 9 ! ducal gall]y1 are calculat$ to d !m hon\r1 & ev5 to %$ a lu/re on "s ( _! less ref9$ productions4 ,"s o!rs n[ dead h be5 equally hon\r$ by a portrait1 ( :om ,i h n discov]$ any o!r "w4 ,( ?is numb] are ,v9c5zio ,ba*]elli1 ,gio4 ,francesco ,bagnoli1 ,anton ,seba/iano ,bett9i1 ,gio4 ,cas9i1 ,niccolo ,nannetti1 & o!rs1 :o are m5tion$ 9 ! ,museo ,fior5t9o4 ,giovanni ,camillo ,sagre/ani1 a s*ol> ( ,giu/i1 0 e/eem$ at ,flor5ce1 ev5 dur+ ! lifetime ( ,gabbiani & ,gh]>d9i4 ,to /udy diff]5t ma/]s1 he visit$ ! be/ s*ools ( ,italy1 & = "s "t att5d$ ! s*ool ( ,cav4 ,cignani1 ^: mann] he copi$ r ?an emulat$4 ,"o ( 8 ,holy ,families is 9 ! ,madonna de' ,ricci1 ! beauty ( :i* has m ( an ideal ca/1 & ! col\r+ is m florid1 ?an is usual ) 8 contempor>ies ( ?is s*ool4 ,"o ( ! fir/ judges 9 ,flor5ce assur$ me t ?is pa9t+ 0 ! "w ( ,sagre/ani1 al?\gh o!rs ascribe x to 8 s*ol>1 ,matteo ,bone*i4 ,bone*i _h excell5t p>ts1 b n an equal k ( ! art1 9 :i* he is report$ to h be5 in/ruct$ by a species ( dictation2 = he practis$ "u ! eye1 & 0 direct$ by ! voice ( 8 ma/]4 ,he ?us became "o ( ^? practical arti/s :o make up = ! pov]ty ( _! design by _! _s & _! col\r+4 ,!re are "s ( 8 pictures t 9 any collection w\ld be p>ticul>ly calculat$ to attract ! eye4 ,among 8 works 9 fresco1 ! picture at ,ce/ello1 :]e he f9i%$ :at 0 begun by ,gabbiani1 is wor?y ( record2 & also t 9 ! ,capponi palace ne> ! ,nunziata1 :]e he cont9u$ ! "w ( ,m>9>i4 ,ab\t ?is "t ,cignani di$ 9 ,bologna1 & ,gio4 ,gioseffo del ,sole1 d5om9at$ ! mod]n ,guido1 enjoy$ ! highe/ reputation4 ,flor5ce employ$ ?ree ( 8 em95t pupils2 "o ( ! two ,sod]9i1 ,meucci1 & ,f]retti1 :o al?\gh call$ da ,imola1 0 born & liv$ 9 ,flor5ce4 ,mauro ,sod]9i enjoy$ ! reputation ( a good design]1 & aim$ at beauty & effect 9 8 pictures4 ,! ,dea? ( ,s4 ,joseph 9 ! ca!dral is said to be by 8 h&1 ?\gh x is 9 fact by ,f]retti2 ! ,*ild reviv$ by ,s4 ,zanobi1 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,/eph51 is really 84 ,v9c5zio ,meucci 0 *iefly employ$ 9 works ( p]spective1 :i* he execut$ 9 _m p>ts ( ,tuscany1 & ev5 9 ! cupola ( ! royal *apel 9 ,s4 ,lor5zo4 ,if !re 0 any "o :o c\ld dispute ) him pre-em95ce 9 fresco pa9t+1 x 0 8 fell[ disciple1 ,giovanni ,dom5ico ,f]retti1 ^: works may be se5 9 ,flor5ce1 9 sev]al o!r p>ts ( ,tuscany1 & at ,bologna2 f :i* he appe>s to h surpass$ ,meucci 9 fancy & 9 _s1 & especially at ! ,philipp9i at ,pi/oia1 :]e 8 p]=mance 9 ! cupola is highly prais$4 ,9 fresco works !y 7 bo? excell5t2 b 9 oil pa9t+s !y (t5 7 too ha/y1 an error into :i* all fresco pa9t]s1 n except+ ! mo/ e/eem$1 h fall54 ,h5ce ,f]retti1 al?\gh he pa9t$ ! ,m>tyrdom ( ,s4 ,b>tolommeo1 = ! *ur* d$icat$ to t sa9t at ,pisa1 9 an excell5t /yle1 did n give equal satisfaction by 8 ,hi/ory ( ,s4 ,guido1 9 ! ar*iepiscopal *ur*4 ,sev]al ( ! works ( ,meucci are disp]s$ ?r\gh ! v>i\s *ur*es 9 ,flor5ce2 & 9 a *apel ( ! ,nunziata1 :]e he pa9t$ ! recess1 he col\r$ a ,madonna1 :i* is all[$ to be "o ( 8 mo/ dilig5t & be/ f9i%$ pictures4 ,he 0 !re rivall$ by ,giuseppe ,grisoni1 a s*ol> ( ,r$i2 & x is report$ t vexation at ?is circum/ance %ort5$ 8 days4 ,grisoni _h travell$ m ?an he 9 visit+ ! s*ools ( ,italy1 _h ev5 gone to ,engl&1 & _h acquir$ great skill 9 figures1 & /ill m 9 l&scape4 ,he !re=e 0 induc$ to add l&scape n only to hi/orical1 b also to portrait pa9t+2 z 9 ! in/ance ( a portrait ( himself t is "o ( ! mo/ respectable 9 ! second *amb] ( pa9t]s4 ,he add$ x also to ! ,s4 ,b>b>a1 pa9t$ 9 competition ) ,meucci2 & x is a picture :i* does hon\r to ! s*ool 9 =m1 relief1 & ta/e ( col\r+4 ,he likewise pa9t$ o!r pieces on ! same plan1 9 :i*1 h[ev]1 he did n succe$ s well4 ,meucci & ,grisoni _c be reckon$ ,italian arti/s ( ! same rank ) ,luti2 b if all are to be e/imat$ by ! times 9 :i* !y fl\ri%$1 ea* 0 em95t 9 8 day4 ,i _h notic$ !m briefly 9 my fir/ edition1 & "s pa9t]s h in=m$ me1 t ) !m ,i ought to h m5tion$ ,giuseppe ,zoc*i1 :o 0 a pa9t] ( note1 & %\ld n h be5 omitt$ ev5 9 a comp5dium ( ! hi/ory ( ! art4 ,i n[ correct my error1 & produce :at in=mation ! noble family ( ,g]9i1 "u ^: protection he 0 receiv$ :5 a boy1 & :o1 aft] 8 elem5t>y /udies at ,flor5ce1 s5t him to ,rome1 to ,bologna1 & o!r p>ts ( ,lomb>dy1 = 8 in/ruction 9 ! diff]5t s*ools1 h suppli$ me4 ,i may be all[$ to add1 t ! ,flor5t9e nobility h always be5 mo/ lib]al 9 ?is way2 & !re are n a few liv+ arti/s :o owe _! education 9 ! f9e arts to ! b\nty ( "s noble family3 su* cli5ts are an ornam5t to a nobleman1 & are n to be numb]$ among 8 s]vants4 ,zoc*i _h a g5ius f]tile 9 inv5tion1 pliant 9 imitation1 & judici\s 9 selection2 & h5ce at ! conclusion ( su* a c\rse ( /udy1 he 0 able to compose l>ge works ) skill1 & to col\r beautifully4 ,he pa9t$ f\r pretty l>ge frescos 9 ! villa ,s]ri/ori1 beyond ! gate ( ,s4 ,ni*olas1 "s ap>tm5ts 9 ! ,r9ucc9i palace1 & "o 9 ! ,g]9i gall]y2 & ^! are believ$ to be 8 be/ works ( ?is sort4 ,9 small] pieces he 0 /ill great]2 z 9 8 oil picture ( ! fe/ivities at ,si5a1 on ! arrival ( ! ,emp]or ,francis ,i41 a "w v true 9 ! p]spective1 & graceful 9 ! multitude ( figures :i* he !re ins]t$4 ,x is deposit$ 9 ! spl5did ,sans$onii collection ( pictures at ,si5a1 :]e ! ent]ta9m5t giv5 to ! ,gr& ,duke ,pet] ,leopold may also be se53 ) ?is object 9 view ! pa9t] w5t to ,si5a1 :]e he caught ! epidemic disord] t rag$ !re 9 #agfg1 & soon aft] di$ at ,flor5ce4 ,on turn+ to ! o!r p>ts ( ,tuscany1 we f9d !m f ! beg9n+ ( ! eighte5? c5tury full ( ! foll[]s ( ,cortona2 ,san ,sepolcro boa/$ "o ,zei1 ( :om ,i f9d no fur!r acc\nt ?an t ( 8 pa9t+ an alt>-piece repres5t+ ! s\ls 9 purgatory1 = ! ca!dral ( t place1 a "w extremely well col\r$1 & conduct$ 9 ! maxims ( ! s*ool1 ?\gh ! c\nt5ances are ( a common ca/2 & if we except ! lib]at+ angel1 ( poor expression4 ,among ?is sect we _c include ,gio4 ,bati/a ,m]cati1 "o ( ! late/ pa9t]s ( t city1 n unkn[n at ,rome1 & mu* not$ 9 8 native place1 :]e he pa9t$ ei!r at a m mature "t ( life1 or ) great] pa9s4 ,two ( 8 hi/orical frescos1 repres5t+ our ,lady1 are 9 ,s4 ,*i>a2 & at ,s4 ,lor5zo !re is a picture ( ! titul> ) o!r sa9ts2 9 bo? !re is an air app>5tly drawn f ! s*ool ( ! ,c>acci1 especially 9 ! bread? ( ! drap]y1 :i* is well ca/1 & skilfully v>i$4 ,9 ! ,guides to ,v5ice & to ,rome1 sev]al ( 8 works are m5tion$1 & 9 t ( ,leghorn1 ! only picture 9 ! ca!dral e/eem$ wor?y ( notice is t ( ! ,five ,sa9ts1 pa9t$ by ,m]cati ) great c>e4 ,orl&i notices ,tommaso ,lancisi1 a s*ol> ( ,scam9ossi1 & two ( 8 bro!rs1 & adds1 t pa9t+ 0 an h]$it>y hon\r 9 ?is family4 ,"o only ( ! c\ntrym5 ( ,b]rett9i is kn[n to me z 8 foll[]2 8 "n is ,adriano ,pallad9o2 he is m5tion$ by ,orl&i1 :i* is ! only trace ( him t ,i h discov]$2 ,i nev] saw any ( 8 works1 nor he>d !m m5tion$ by any "o4 ,arezzo ab\nds ) pictures 9 ! mann] ( ,cortona4 ,salvi ,ca/ellucci1 ! s*ol> ( ,pietro1 ei!r at ,flor5ce or at ,rome1 0 a great imitator ( 8 /yle1 & pa9t$ ) exp$ition1 accord+ to ! practice ( ! s*ool4 ,he execut$ _m good pieces 9 ! ca!dral1 & o!r *ur*es1 besides num]\s cab9et pictures t are 9 private h\ses1 :i* are e/imable = ! facility & good ta/e ( _! col\r+4 ,"o ( 8 frescos1 repres5t+ our ,lady surr\nd$ by ! patron sa9ts ( ! city1 is 9 ! public palace2 b he is great] 9 oil pa9t+4 ,he _h a son1 on :om he be/[$ ! "n ( ,pietro1 probably 9 hon\r ( 8 ma/]4 ,he also 0 a foll[] ( ,cortona1 b nev] equall$ 8 fa!r4 ,pi/oia1 h[ev]1 _h two ,gimignani1 ! fa!r ,giac9to1 & ,lodovico1 8 son1 ( :om x is /ill disput$ :i* 0 ! mo/ em95t4 ,f ! s*ool ( ,p\ss91 ,giac9to ent]$ t ( ,b]rett9i2 & z he approa*$ ne>] 8 fir/ ma/] 9 design & composition1 s 9 col\r+ & 9 ta/e = ar*itecture he came ne>e/ to ! second4 ,he moreov] took ! lead 9 works ( fresco4 ,"h he rivall$ ,camassei & ,m>atta1 at ! bapti/]y ( ,s4 ,gio4 ,lat]ano1 :]e he pa9t$ ! hi/ories ( ,con/ant9e1 besides leav+ o!r specim5s 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ,rome1 9 ! ,niccol9i palace at ,flor5ce1 & o!r places4 ,9 "s pictures he also emulat$ ,gu]c9o1 z = in/ance 9 ! ,le&] 9 ! ducal gall]y1 :i* 0 long consid]$ z a ,gu]c9o4 ,?\gh ,lodovico 0 ! s*ol> ( ,giac9to1 he is n s correct 9 design1 b 0 sup]ior to 8 fa!r 9 all ! faculties t excite pleas+ emotions2 8 ideas are m beautiful1 8 t9ts m lovely1 8 attitudes m spirit$1 & 8 h>mony m agreeable4 ,x w\ld appe> ei!r t ! /yle ( 8 mat]nal uncle ,orbetto1 _h attract$ 8 att5tion1 or t ,b]n9i1 ! director ( 8 /udies1 _h l$ him into ?is pa?4 ,he obta9$ great applause = 8 works 9 fresco1 & ^? he execut$ at ,rome 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,virg9s are /udi$ by arti/s = ! attitudes1 ! cl\ds1 & ! grace ( ! w+s ) :i* 8 angels 7 furni%$4 ,he *iefly resid$ at ,rome1 :i* possesses sev]al ( 8 pa9t+s = *ur*es1 & a f> great] numb] = halls & private rooms2 be+ moreov] mu* employ$ 9 ^! = =eign c\ntries4 ,two hi/ories ( ,s4 ,john by ! h& ( ,giac9to1 are 9 ! *ur* d$icat$ to t sa9t at ,pi/oia2 & !re 0 also a ,s4 ,rocco 9 ! ca!dral1 :i* 0 e/eem$ excell5t4 ,lodovico execut$ a beautiful picture = ! *ur* ( ! ,capu*9s1 n[ conv]t$ into a p>i% *ur*4 ,aft] ! dea? ( bo?1 ,lazz>o ,baldi /ill rema9$1 ano!r great ornam5t ( ! s*ool ( ,cortona1 & ( ,pi/oia1 8 native place4 ,he may be !re recognis$ 9 two pictures1 ! ,annunciation 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,francis1 & ! ,repose 9 ,egypt 9 t ( ! ,madonna della ,umilta4 ,?is latt] place is a mo/ maje/ic octagonal temple1 execut$ by ,v5tura ,vitoni ( ,pi/oia1 ! great pupil ( ,bramante1 & surm\nt$ by a cupola1 :i* is reckon$ among ! noble/ 9 ,italy4 ,baldi f9ally e/abli%$ 8 abode 9 ,rome2 :]e he 0 mu* employ$1 z well z 9 o!r p>ts ( ! /ates ( ! ,*ur*4 ,"o ( ! mo/ /udi$ pictures he ev] pa9t$ is at ,s4 ,cam]9o1 & repres5ts ,s4 ,pet] receiv+ ! pontifical p[]4 ,a /ill m rec5t arti/ is ,gio4 ,dom5ico ,pia/r9i1 a s*ol> ( ,luti1 :o 9 ! por* ( ,madonna della ,umilta1 fill$ two l>ge spaces ) pictures1 illu/rative ( ! hi/ory ( ?is *ur*1 & :o rivall$ ! be/ foll[]s ( ,m>atta1 9 ,s4 ,m>ia 9 ,via ,lata1 at ,rome4 ,x is n =eign to ?is p]iod to notice ,gio4 ,bati/a ,cipriani1 :o 0 born 9 ,flor5ce1 b desc5d$ f a family ( ,pi/oia2#bcg especially z he left specim5s ( 8 p5cil 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! places we h j m5tion$4 ,two ( 8 alt>-pieces 7 9 ! abbey ( ,s4 ,mi*ael-on-!-,sea2 "o ( ,s4 ,!saurus1 ! o!r ( ,s4 ,gregory ,,vii4 :i* are valuable1 z ,cipriani pa9t$ b little4 ,8 excell5ce lay 9 design1 :i* he acquir$ f ! collection ( ! /udies ( ,gabbiani1 be=e m5tion$4 ,hav+ aft]w>ds gone to ,london1 he 0 mu* employ$ by ! celebrat$ ,b>tolozzi1 :o has immortaliz$ ! pa9t] by engrav+ 8 inv5tions4 ,we might augm5t our catalogue ) ! two ,giu/i & ,mi*ele ,paoli1 a ,pi/oian ( ! s*ool ( ,crespi2 b !y did n atta9 maturity1 if we dep5d on ! in=mation af=d$ by ! cont9uator ( ,fels9a ,pittrice4#bch ,( ^? )9 ! ,flor5t9e t]ritory1 ! ,pisans1 & ( ^? beyond x1 ! arti/s ( ,lucca1 yet rema9 to be consid]$4 ,camillo ,gabrieli1 a s*ol> ( ,ciro1 0 ! fir/ :o transplant$ ! /yle ( ,cortona into ,pisa2 & 9 ?is mann] execut$ a good oil pa9t+ at ! conv5t ( ! ,c>melites1 & also sev]al = private individuals2 9 ?is k9d ( pa9t+ he 0 m happy ?an 9 fresco4 ,9 ?is l9e1 h[ev]1 8 memory is hon\r$ 9 8 native place1 bo? = 8 works 9 ! gr& saloon ( ! ,alliata palace1 & 9 ! ap>tm5ts ( o!r noblem5's h\ses2 & likewise on acc\nt ( 8 pupils1 ! two ,melani1 :o h contribut$ mu* to 8 reputation4 ,we %all notice ,francesco among ! pr(essors ( ar*itectural design3 ,giuseppe 8 bro!r1 & a knight ( ! gold5 spur1 became no common arti/ 9 figures1 & 0 wor?y ( pa9t+ 9 ! ca!dral a l>ge oil picture ( ! dea? ( ,s4 ,rani]i4 ,al?\gh ?is piece ranks 9 ! scale ( m$iocrity 9 ?is sanctu>y ( ! arts1 x does hon\r to its au?or2 ! inv5tion is good1 ! p]spective is regul>1 & exhibits no m>ks ( c>elessness1 z is s (t5 ! case4 ,b 8 place is among ! pa9t]s 9 fresco2 9 :i* dep>tm5t he ornam5t$ ) figures ! ar*itectural works ( 8 bro!r2 & has %ewn himself t5aci\s ( ! mann] ( ,cortona1 bo? 9 :at is comm5dable 9 x1 z ! p]spective1 col\r+1 & h>mony2 & also :]e x is less praisewor?y1 z 9 ! heav9ess & imp]fect f9i% ( ! figures4 ,) a simil> in/ance we %all comm5ce ! s]ies ( arti/s ( ,lucca3 ! two bro!rs1 ,ippolito & ,giovanni ,m>racci1 obta9$ equal applause 9 v diff]5t bran*es ( ! art2 ! =m] 0 a pa9t] ( ar*itecture1 ! latt] ( figures2 & ( him only we %all "h speak4 ,al?\gh little kn[n beyond ,lucca1 he is reckon$ among ! em95t s*ol>s & mo/ successful imitators ( ,pietro da ,cortona2 & m]its ?is "n1 ei!r :5 he pa9t$ 9 fresco1 z 9 ! cupola ( ,s4 ,ignatius1 at ,s4 ,giovanni2 or :5 he wr\ght 9 oil1 z he did 9 sev]al pictures 9 ! possession ( ! bro!rhood ( ,s4 ,lor5zo1 9 ! collegiate *ur* ( ,s4 ,mi*ael1 & 9 o!r places4 ,) equal success two o!r arti/s1 natives ( ,lucca1 :o _h be5 educat$ 9 8 s*ool1 became imitators1 = a p]iod1 ( ,pi] ,cortona4 ,^! 7 ,giovanni ,coli & ,filippo ,gh]>di1 :o 7 tra9$ 9 ! s*ool ( _! native place1 & resembl$ ea* o!r no less 9 /yle ?an 9 disposition2 s t ?\gh !y usually pa9t$ 9 ! same piece1 all _! jo9t lab\rs appe> ! "w ( a s+le arti/4 ,!y aft]w>ds adopt$ a mann] t p>ticipates ( ! ,v5etian & ,lomb>d s*ools2 & 9 ?is /yle !y pa9t$ ! va/ ceil+ ( ! libr>y ( ,s4 ,giorgio ,maggiore at ,v5ice4 ,rome possesses "s ( _! /up5d\s works 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,luc*esi1 & 9 ! magnific5t ,colonna gall]y4 ,! mo/ celebrat$ picture ) :i* !y ornam5t$ _! native place 0 ! fresco ( ! tribune ( ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,m>t91 & next to x t 9 ,s4 ,mat!w's1 :i* !y decorat$ ) ?ree oil pictures4 ,aft] ! dea? ( ,coli1 8 companion resid$ & cont9u$ to pa9t 9 ,lucca3 ! :ole cloi/] ( ! ,c>melite mona/]y 0 pa9t$ by him alone4 ,! mann] ( ,cortona 0 likewise adh]$ to by ,gio4 ,bati/a ,brugi]i1 a s*ol> ( ,baldi & ( ,m>atta1 :o 0 9 8 day highly applaud$ = 8 works 9 ! *apel ( ! ,sacram5t1 at ! ,s]vi1 & 8 o!r productions 9 public4 ,p4 ,/efano ,cassiani1 f ! frat]nity to :i* he belong$1 surnam$ ,il ,c]tos9o1 or ! ,c>?usian1 pa9t$ 9 fresco ! cupola ( 8 *ur*1 & two l>ge hi/ories ( our ,lady1 besides o!r reputable works 9 ! /yle ( ,cortona1 at ! ,c]tosa ( ,pisa1 ( ,si5a1 & else:]e4 ,girolamo ,scaglia1 a disciple ( ,paul9i & ( ,gio4 ,m>racci1 is surnam$ ,p>megian9o4 ,9 ar*itecture he imitat$ ,b]rett9i1 z is rem>k$ by ,sig4 da ,morrona2#bci 9 8 %ad[s he foll[$ ,paul9i1 & sometimes approa*$ ,ric*i3 z a pa9t] 8 effect 0 sup]ior to 8 design2 or z x 0 obs]v$ by ! ,cav4 ,titi1 7p4 #adf7 on behold+ 8 picture ( ! ,pres5tation1 pa9t$ at ,pisa1 x exhibits extreme indu/ry & v little ta/e4 ,gio4 ,dom5ico ,campiglia 0 reckon$ among ! be/ design]s 9 ,rome2 & ( him ! engrav]s ( antiquities p>ticul>ly avail$ !mselves4 ,he 0 n )\t m]it z a pa9t]2 & 9 ,flor5ce1 :]e he execut$ "s pictures1 8 portrait has a place among ^? ( em95t arti/s4 ,a picture pa9t$ by ,pietro ,sigismondi1 ( ,lucca1 = ! great alt> ( ,s4 ,ni*olas 9 ,arcione at ,rome1 is hon\rably m5tion$ by ,titi3 ,i "k n :e!r any ( 8 works rema9 9 8 native place2 & ! same is ! case ) ,massei & ) ,p9i1 :o w be consid]$ 9 ano!r s*ool4 ,i %all close ?is s]ies ) two o!r arti/s2 & _h ! age produc$ _m l !m1 ,italian pa9t+ w\ld n h decl9$ s mu* z x has done dur+ ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,giovanni ,dom5ico ,lomb>di liv$ n1 l 8 pupil1 ,cav4 ,batoni1 )9 ! enlight5+ prec9cts ( ,rome1 b 9 m]it he 0 at lea/ equal to ,batoni4 ,he =m$ 8 /yle on ! works ( ,paul9i1 & improv$ x by /udy+ ! f9e/ col\ri/s at ,v5ice1 & also by pay+ att5tion to ! s*ool ( ,bologna4 ,! g5ius ( ?is arti/1 8 ta/e1 8 gr& & resolute tone1 appe> 9 sev]al ( 8 pictures1 execut$ 9 8 be/ "t1 & ) real pa9s4 ,su* are 8 two pieces on ! sides ( ! *oir ( ! ,olivetani1 :i* repres5t _! f\nd]1 ,s4 ,b]n>d1 adm9i/]+ relief to ! citiz5s infect$ ) ! plague4 ,!re are two o!rs 9 a *apel ( ,s4 ,romano1 :i* are pa9t$ ) a magic =ce approa*+ to ! be/ mann] ( ,gu]c9o2 & "o ( !m1 9 ! op9ion ( ! mo/ rigid critics1 seems ! "w ( t arti/ himself4 ,he %\ld always h pa9t$ ?us2 & nev] h pro/itut$ 8 p5cil to manufacture pieces at all prices4 ,batoni1 :o w be notic$ 9 our ?ird book among ! ,roman ma/]s1 support$ bett] 8 own dignity & t ( ! art4 ,he adh]$ 9 a great measure to ! maxims ( ?is s*ool1 a circum/ance :i* did n altoge!r please 8 fir/ ma/]1 :o on exam9+ "s ( 8 e>ly p]=mances1 rem>k$1 t !y requir$ a great] cov]+ ( dirt1 = !y appe> to him too trimly neat4 ,"o :o has n an opportunity ( exam9+ 8 capital works1 may satisfy himself 9 ,lucca1 ei!r 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,olivet9e fa!rs1 :]e he pa9t$ ! ,m>tyrdom ( ,s4 ,b>tolommeo2 or 9 t ( ,s4 ,ca?>9e ( ,si5a1 :]e %e is repres5t$ receiv+ ! my/ic w\nds ( ! crucifixion4 ,i %all n "h m5tion _m arti/s 9 ! inf]ior walks ( ! art4 ,! example ( ,cortona influ5c$ none 9 ?is class1 except a few ornam5tal pa9t]s1 & "s arti/s :o accompani$ _! figures by l&scapes4 ,! pa9t]s ( l&scapes1 fl[]s1 & ! l1 cont9u$ to foll[ _! orig9al models4 ,*iavi/elli1 = in/ance1 has be5 foll[$ by v>i\s arti/s 9 fresco ( ?is age1 :o besides execut+ figures1 h ex]cis$1 z be=e rem>k$1 o!r bran*es ( pa9t+4 ,pure ar*itectural & ornam5tal pa9t+ 9 a good ta/e are1 h[ev]1 di/9ct arts2 & to atta9 excell5ce 9 !m requires all ! faculties ( man4 ,angiol ,rossi1 ( ,flor5ce1 appli$ himself to x1 z ,i believe1 9 ,bologna2 & assidu\sly practis$ x at ,v5ice1 z we are in=m$ by ,gu>i5ti4 ,two arti/s ( ,lucca1 ,pietro ,scorz9i & ,b>tolommeo ,santi1 receiv$ _! education at ,bologna1 & 7 ! fav\rite decorators ( _m !atres4 ,francesco ,melani1 ( ,pisa1 adh]$ /rongly to ,cortona4 ,z le>n$ 9 p]spective z 8 bro!r 0 9 figures1 8 /yle 0 s simil>1 t no ar*itectural pa9t] 0 s well suit$ to accompany ! figures ( ! o!r4 ,?is w be all[$ by all :o view ! ceil+ 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,mat!w at ,pisa1 :i* is _! f9e/ "w1 or _! pa9t+s 9 ,si5a1 & at o!r places1 :]e !y 7 employ$ toge!r4 ,!y educat$ a pupil wor?y ( !m1 9 ,tommaso ,tommasi1 ( ,pietra ,santa1 a man ( va/ conception1 :o succe$$ 9 ,pisa to ! commissions be/[$ ^u 8 ma/]s1 & produc$ v pleas+ specim5s ( 8 p[]s 9 ! nave ( ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,giovanni4 ,ippolito ,m>racci1 ( ,lucca1 ! s*ol> ( ,metelli1 appe>s a successful rival ( 8 ma/]1 ei!r :5 he pa9t$ by himself1 z 9 ! ,rotonda1 at ,lucca1 or :5 associat$ ) 8 bro!r1 z 0 g5]ally ! case4 ,dom5ico ,s*iantes*i1 a disciple ( ,bibi5i1 liv$ 9 ,san ,sepolcro2 8 p]spectives 9 t city are to be se5 9 ! h\ses ( _m ( ! nobility1 & are mu* e/eem$4 ,flor5ce has boa/$ pr(ess$ portrait pa9t]s1 ev5 to ! pres5t "t2 among :om ,gaetano ,piattoli is p>ticul>ly extoll$4 ,he 0 pupil to a ,fr5* arti/1 ,francesco ,rivi]a1 :o _h resid$ & di$ at ,leghorn1 & 0 v mu* priz$ 9 collections = ! excell5ce ( 8 ,conv]sazioni & ,turki% ballets4 ,he is well kn[n too1 9 o!r c\ntries2 = he 0 employ$ to take portraits ( ! =eign nobility :o visit$ ,flor5ce4 ,! portrait ( himself1 :i* he pa9t$ = ! ducal gall]y1 indicates ! /yle ( ! re/4 ,an illu/ri\s female arti/ emanat$ f ! s*ool ( ,gabbiani1 al?\gh assi/$ 9 h] /udies by o!r ma/]s1 & ?is 0 ,giovanna ,fratell9i1 :o 0 n )\t inv5tion1 & 0 mo/ exp]t 9 portrait pa9t+4 ,%e execut$ 9 oil1 9 crayons1 9 m9iature1 & 9 enamel1 v>i\s portraits ( ! family ( ,cosmo ,,iii4 & ( o!r pr9ces1 to pa9t :om %e 0 s5t by h] sov]eign to sev]al cities ( ,italy4 ,t :i* %e pa9t$ ( h]self1 is 9 ! ducal gall]y3 9 x %e has bl5d$ ! employm5t ( ! arti/ ) ! affection ( a "m4 ,%e is repres5t$ 9 ! act ( tak+ a lik5ess ( ,lor5zo1 h] only son & pupil1 :o di$ 9 ! fl[] ( 8 age4 ,x is pa9t$ 9 crayons1 an art 9 :i* %e may be call$ ! ,rosalba ( h] "t4 ,dom5ico ,tempe/i1 or ,tempe/9o1 is r includ$ among engrav]s ?an pa9t]s2 ?\gh he 0 in/ruct$ by ,volt]rano 9 ,flor5ce1 9 ! latt] art1 & ex]cis$ x ) cr$it bo? 9 l&scape & portrait4 ,he is m5tion$ by ,vianelli 9 ! catalogue ( 8 pictures4 ,x w\ld appe> t he 0 ! same ,dom5ico de ,m>*is1 call$ ,tempe/9o1 :om ,orl&i casually notices 9 ! article ( ,girolamo ,odam1 :om ,dom5ico _h initiat$ 9 ! elem5ts ( l&scape pa9t+4 ,orl&i gives also a sep>ate article1 "u ! head ( ,dom5ico ,tempe/i1 9 :i* 8 voyages ?r\gh ,europe1 & 8 long resid5ce at ,rome1 are dwelt ^u4 ,_m l&scapes1 *iefly rural views1 pa9t$ by ,paolo ,anesi1 are disp]s$ ?r\gh ,flor5ce1 & !re are also _m ( !m 9 ,rome4 ,francesco ,zuc*]elli1 a native ( ,pitigliano1 born 9 ! ye> #agjb1 0 8 s*ol>4 ,on go+ to ,rome1 he resid$ !re a long "t1 & fir/ ent]$ ! s*ool ( ,mor&i1 & aft]w>ds ( ,pietro ,nelli4 ,8 fir/ int5tion 0 to /udy figures1 b by "o ( ^? circum/ances :i* discov] ! natural pr$ilection1 he appli$ himself to pa9t+ l&scape2 & pursu$ x 9 a mann] t unit$ /r5g? & sweetness2 & has be5 highly extoll$ n only 9 ,italy1 b ov] all ,europe4 ,8 figures also 7 elegant1 & ^! he 0 sometimes employ$ to introduce 9 ! l&scapes & ar*itectural pieces ( o!r arti/s4 ,8 pr9cipal field 9 ,italy 0 ,v5ice1 :]e he 0 settl$1 until ! celebrat$ ,smi? made him kn[n 9 ,engl&1 & invit$ him to t isl&1 9 :i* he rema9$ _m ye>s1 ex]cis+ 8 p5cil = ! c\rt1 & = ! mo/ consid]able collections ( pictures4 ,he enjoy$ ! p>ticul> e/eem ( ,c\nt ,alg>otti2 9 ! possession ( ^: heirs are two l&scapes by ,tesi1 ) figures by ,zuc*]elli3 ( ! fir/ arti/ ,i %all aga9 speak 9 ! s*ool ( ,bologna4 ,alg>otti 0 commission$ by ! c\rt ( ,dresd5 to procure ! works ( ! be/ mod]n pa9t]s1 & sugge/$ to ,zuc*]elli subjects = two pictures1 9 :i* he succe$$ admirably1 & 0 employ$ to repeat !m = ! k+ ( ,prussia4 ,9 8 old age he return$ to ,rome1 & 0 employ$ !re1 at ,v5ice & 9 ,flor5ce1 :]e he di$ 9 #aghh4 ,^! anecdotes ( ,zuc*]elli ,i obta9$ along ) _m o!rs f ! ,sig4 ,avvocato ,lessi1 a g5tleman deeply v]s$ 9 ! f9e arts4 ,! "n ( ?is arti/ br+s to a fair conclusion ! s]ies ( ,flor5t9e pa9t]s1 :i* has be5 cont9u$ = little less ?an six c5turies1 9 an un9t]rupt$ succession ( native arti/s1 )\t ! int]v5tion ( "o =eign ma/] 9 ?is s*ool1 at lea/ "o s em95t z to m>k an era4 ,) ! exception ( ! la/ ye>s1 9 :i* art 0 on ! decl9e ?r\gh\t ,italy1 ! ,flor5t9e s*ool1 ) all its m]it1 & t is und\bt$ly v great1 owes its progress to native g5ius4 ,x 0 n unacqua9t$ ) =eign arti/s1 b f !m x disda9$ to borr[2 & its ma/]s nev] adopt$ any o!r /yle on :i* !y did n engraft a peculi>ity & orig9ality ( mann]4 ,i might write mu* 9 praise ( ma/]s n[ liv+1#bdj b ,i propose n to ent] on _! m]its1 & %all leave !m :olly to ! judgm5t ( po/]ity4 ,9 o!r arts ,i indulge a great] latitude1 b n frequ5tly4 ,i may add ) tru?1 t dur+ ! c\rse ( six c5turies1 ! arti/s ( ,flor5ce h be5 =tunate 9 a gov]nm5t mo/ auspici\s to ! f9e arts4 ,! la/ pr9ces h[ev] ( ! ,m$icean family _h %ewn m incl9ation ?an activity 9 patroniz+ !m2 & ! reign ( ! ,emp]or ,francis ,i41 ?\gh g5]ally di/+ui%$ = ent]prize1#bda 0 nev]!less t ( an abs5t sov]eign4 ,! accession ( ! ,gr& ,duke ,pet] ,leopold to supreme p[] 9 ,tuscany1 9 #agfe1 m>k$ a new era 9 ! hi/ory ( ! arts4 ,! palace & royal villas 7 repair$ & embelli%$2 & amid ! succession ( und]tak+s t attract$ ! be/ arti/s1 pa9t+ 0 cont9ually promot$4 ,! improvem5t ( ! ducal gall]y 0 mo/ opportune = x2 & af=d$ new commissions to pa9t]s1 & new specim5s ( ! art3 = ! ,pr9ce ord]$ all ! inf]ior pieces to be remov$ f ! collection1 & _! place to be suppli$ by va/ numb]s ( *oice pictures4 ,f9e specim5s ( antique m>bles 7 likewise add$3 to him ,flor5ce owes ! ,niobe ( ,praxiteles1#bdb ! ,apollo1 & o!r /atues2 ! basso-relievos1 & bu/s ( ! ,caes>s1 :i* complete ! gr& s]ies 9 ! corridore3 ! cab9ets ( ! gall]y 7 !n only twelve 9 numb]1 & !y conta9$ a confus$ assemblage ( pa9t+s1 /atues1 bronzes1 & draw+s1 antiquities & mod]n productions4 ,he r$uc$ ?is *aos to ord]2 he sep>at$ ! diff]5t k9ds1 assign$ sep>ate ap>tm5ts to ea*1 made new pur*ases ( :at 0 be=e want+1 & increas$ ! numb] ( cab9ets to tw5ty-"o4 ,?is great "w1 "o bran* ( :i* he 0 pleas$ to commit to my *>ge1#bdc 0 wor?y ( record4 ,i laid x be=e ! public1 9 #aghb1 9 a memoir1 :i* 0 ins]t$ also 9 ! =ty-sev5? volume ( ! ,j\rnal ( ,pisa4 ,:oev] comp>es ?is book ) ! ,description ( ! ,gall]y1 publi%$ 9 #agei1 by ,bian*i1 w cle>ly p]ceive t ,leopold 0 r a second f\nd] ?an a re/or] ( t emporium ( ! f9e arts3 s diff]5t is ! arrangem5t1 s rem>kable are ! additions to ! build+1 to its ornam5ts1 & to ! articles x conta9s4#bdd ,i h be5 diffuse 9 my description ( ! antiquities :i* appe>$ to me des]v+ ( m p>ticul> elucidation2 ( ! pictures ,i m]ely indicat$ ! arti/ & ! subject4 ,s9ce t p]iod1 o!r descriptions ( ! gall]y1 by v able writ]s1 h be5 giv5 to ! public1 9 :i* my nom5clature & expositions ( ! antiquities h be5 adopt$2 b a full] & bett] catalogue ( ! pa9t+s is giv5 on ! plan ( t ( ! imp]ial cab9et ( ,vi5na1 & simil> works4 ,f]d9& ,,iii4 :o n[ = five ye>s has promot$ ! welf>e ( ,tuscany1 succe$$ no less to ! ?rone ( 8 augu/ fa!r1 ?an to ! protection ( ! f9e arts4 ,! new build+s already complet$1 z ! "r w+ ( ! ,pitti palace1 or n[ begun1 z ! ve/ibule ( ! ,laur5tian libr>y1 :i* is to be f9i%$ ^u a design ( ,mi*elangiolo1 are matt]s =eign to my subject4 ,n s1 h[ev]1 are ! additions made by ! pr9ce to ! gall]y & ! academy ( design4 ,to ! fir/ he has add$ a va/ numb] ( pr9ts & pictures ( ^? s*ools 9 :i* x 0 =m]ly defici5t2 & ! gall]y is increas$ by a collection ( ,v5etian & ano!r ( ,fr5* ma/]s1 :i* are sep>ately arrang$ 9 two cab9ets4#bde ,! academy1 s9ce #aghe1 _h be5 z x 7 creat$ anew by 8 fa!r2 _h obta9$ a new & magnific5t edifice1 new ma/]s1 & new regulations1 circum/ances already well kn[n ov] ,europe1 & "h unnecess>y to be repeat$4 ,?is in/itution1 :i* requir$ improvem5t 9 "s p>ticul>s1 has be5 at l5g? complet$1 & its ap>tm5ts & its spl5d\r augm5t$ by ! son2 second$ by ! sup]9t5d5ce ( ^? accompli%$ connoisseurs1 ! ,m>*ese ,g]9i1 ! ,prior ,rucellai1 & ! ,s5ator ,aless&ri4 ,to ! arti/s 9 e bran* ( ! f9e arts :i* 7 be=e 9 ,flor5ce1 he has rec5tly add$ ! engrav] ,sig4 ,morgh51 an ornam5t to ! city & ! /ate4 ,! obligations ( ! f9e arts to ,f]d9& ,,iii41 are eloqu5tly /at$ by ,sig4 ,cav4 ,pucc9i1 a nobleman ( ,pi/oia1 & sup]9t5dant ( ! ducal gall]y1 9 an oration on ! arts1 pron\nc$ n long ago 9 ?is academy1 ( :i* he is ! respect$ secret>y1 & s9ce publi%$1 accompani$ by engrav+s4#bdf ,footnote #bbi3 ,life ( ,matteo ,rosselli1 9 tom4 x4 p4 #gb4 ,footnote #bcj3 ,tirabos*i1 ,/oria della ,lett4 ,ital4 7tom4 viii4 p4 #beh47 ed4 ,v54 ,pietro ,b]rett9i1 9 addition to ! lett]s po9t$ out by ,mazzuc*elli 7,scritt4 ,ital4 tom4 ii4 p4 #ibe17 wrote also along ) ,p4 ,gi&om5ico ,ottonelli da ,fanano1 a ,jesuit1 a ',treatise ^u pa9t+ & sculpture1 _! use & abuse2 compos$ by a pa9t] & a !ologian4' ,?is "w is become v r>e4 ,footnote #bca3 ,lett4 ,pitt4 tom4 i4 p4 #dd4 ,footnote #bcb3 ,9 ! ,life ( ,luti4 ,see ,lett4 ,pitt4 tom4 i4 p4 #fi4 ,footnote #bcc3 ,lett4 ,pitt4 tom4 ii4 p4 #fi4 ,footnote #bcd3 ,see ,lett4 ,pitt4 tom4 ii4 lett4 #ce4 ,footnote #bce3 ,he 0 bro!r to ,h5ry ,hug=d1 a monk ( ,vallombrosa1 to :om we owe1 9 a great measure1 ! progress ( work+ 9 ,scagliola1 :i* 0 aft]w>ds successfully practis$ 9 ,flor5ce by ,lamb]ti ,gori1 8 pupil2 & at ?is day by ! ,signor ,pietro ,/oppioni1 :o receives num]\s commissions4 ,al?\gh ! portraits1 & 9 g5]al ! figures1 ( a v>iety ( col\rs1 are v pleas+1 yet ! dicromi1 or yell[ figures ^u a black gr\nd1 attract mo/ notice1 copi$ f anci5t vases =m]ly call$ ,etruscan1 & ^! copies ei!r =m sep>ate pictures1 or are ins]t$ = ornam5t 9 tablets4 ,! tragic poet ,alfi]i caus$ 8 epitaph to be inscrib$ on "o ( ^! small tables cov]$ ) scagliola "w4 ,be+ f\nd aft] 8 dea?1 x quickly spread abroad1 b 0 n inscrib$ on 8 tomb4 ,^u ano!r ( ^! he _h writt5 ! epitaph ( a great p]sonage1 :om he wi%$ to be int]r$ ne> him2 & ! two little tablets unit$ toge!r fold$ "o ^u ano!r 9 ! way ( a dittico or small alt>1 or ( a book1 on ! side ( :i* 0 writt5 ,alfi]i lib] novissimus4 ,9 ?is way o!rs write1 on tablets ( scagliola1 f9e precepts f scripture1 a philosophy t comes f & leads to heav51 int5d$ to be plac$ 9 private sanctu>ies1 to aid m$itation 9 sight ( ! crucifix4 ,! silv] tablets ,i h se5 = ! same purpose are m valuable1 b less artificial4 ,footnote #bcf3 ,9 8 l>g] works 7su* z ! alt>-pieces at ! ,mission>i & at ! ,mona/]o ,nuovo17 x w\ld appe> t ,conti aim$ at approa*+ ! /yle ( ,trevisani4 ,footnote #bcg3 ,see ,saggio ,i/orico della ,r4 ,gall]ia de ,fir5ze1 tom4 ii4 p4 #gb4 ,?is "w1 valuable = its le>n+ & au!nticity1 is writt5 by ,sig4 ,giuseppe ,b5civ5ni 7=m]ly ,pelli7 a g5tleman ( ,flor5ce1 & =m]ly director ( ! ducal gall]y1 :o is also kn[n by 8 o!r lit]>y lab\rs1 on ! lives ( ! mo/ em95t pa9t]s1 by ! life ( ,dante1 & by ! le>n$ diss]tation on co9s1 app5d$ to ! lives ( ! foll[]s ( ,cortona4 ,he arrang$ ! collection ( mod]n co9s1 t ( engrav+s & ( draw+s1 & ! pa9t+s ( ! ducal gall]y2 ( ^!1 & also ( ! gems & m$als1 he has !re left manuscript catalogues4 ,footnote #bch3 ,see t "w at p4 #bcb4 ,footnote #bci3 ,tom iii4 p4 #aac4 ,footnote #bdj3 ,x 0 necess>y to conf9e myself ?us 9 ! prec$+ edition4 ,9 ! pres5t we may give free scope to our comm5dation ( ,tommaso ,gh]>d9i1 a ,flor5t9e1 & pupil to ,meucci2 & :o1 hav+ complet$ 8 /udies 9 ! s*ools ( ,v5ice & ,bologna1 succe$$ admirably 9 basso-relievo & *i>oscuro4 ,he decorat$ a l>ge hall 9 ! ,m$icean gall]y 9 fresco1 & pa9t$ likewise mu* 9 oil = ! imp]ial gall]y ( ,vi5na1 = ,g]man & ,engli% g5tlem51 & v>i\s c\ntries t h ornam5t$ _! collections4 ,he %ew$1 at lea/ = 8 age1 no less skill 9 fresco hi/ories1 :i* are se5 9 _m ,flor5t9e palaces & villas4 ,! be/ ( ^! are su* z he execut$ 9 mature age1 or at 8 own sugge/ion2 l 8 ,p>naso 9 ,toscana1 plac$ 9 ! ,casa ,m>telli1 "o ( 8 patrons f 8 e>ly ye>s2 besides o!rs 9 ! noble h\ses ( ,ricci>di & ,ambra4 ,he di$ 9 #agig2 ! s5ator ,m>telli1 on ! decease ( ! ,ar*bi%op 8 uncle1 & t ( 8 fa!r1 cont9u$ 8 patronage to ! arti/1 & consid]s him z "o :o has reflect$ ! greate/ degree ( cr$it on 8 h\se4 ,! cli5ts ( t family1 f ! "t ( ,donatello1 h be5 num]\s1 a ta/e = ! f9e arts be+ h]$it>y 9 ! family4 ,! ma/] ( ! academy1 ,pietro ,p$roni1 ought n to be "h omitt$2 an oil pa9t] ( m]it1 ^: f\r pictures1 execut$ subsequ5t to 8 /udies at ,p>ma & ,rome1 are an ornam5t to 8 native place4 ,ow+ to ill heal?1 he produc$ little dur+ 8 resid5ce at ,flor5ce1 :i*1 add$ to o!r disappo9tm5ts1 induc$ him1 always ! be/ res\rce1 to travel4 ,if n a r>e pa9t]1 he 0 at lea/ an able ma/]3 pr(\nd 9 !ory1 & eloqu5t 9 convey+ 8 k to 8 pupils1 ( :om hi/ory w treat 9 ! ensu+ age4 ,_! success1 _! affection & e/eem = ,p$roni1 is ! be/ eulogy on him :i* ,i c transmit to po/]ity4 ,footnote #bda3 ,see ,il ,saggio ,i/orico ( ,sig4 ,pelli1 t[>ds ! conclusion4 ,footnote #bdb3 ,see ,le ,notizie su la ,scoltura degli anti*i e i v>i suoi /ili1 p4 #ci4 ,?is %ort tract1 illu/rative ( _m m>bles 9 ! ducal gall]y1 is ins]t$ 9 ! ?ird volume ( ,saggio di ,l+ua ,etrusca4 ,x 0 int5d$ z a preface to a full ,description ( ! ,museum1 :i* 0 !n 9 ! press1 b x 0 susp5d$ 9 consequ5ce ( ! num]\s *anges & additions made 9 t place4 ,footnote #bdc3 ,x 0 ! cab9et ( antiquities1 n !n arrang$4 ,9 ea* class ,i h notic$ ! additions ( ,leopold4 ,to ! bu/s ( ! ,caes>s ,i 0 able to add ab\t =ty1 "s ( :i* _h be5 pur*as$1 & o!rs remov$ f ! royal palaces & villas4 ,see ! ,description above quot$1 p4 #cd4 ,! collection ( heads ( philosoph]s & illu/ri\s m5 0 almo/ all new4 ,i give an acc\nt ( x 9 p4 #he4 ,! s]ies ( bu/s ( ! ,m$icean family 0 complet$ at ! same "t1 & ,lat9 inscriptions 7 add$1 :i* are to be f\nd 9 v>i\s descriptions ( ! gall]y1 ) "s errors1 t are n to be attribut$ to me1 b to ! pr9t]s2 & ?is rem>k applies to o!r royal epitaphs1 z publi%$ 9 _m books4 ,! cab9et ( antique bronzes is describ$ 9 p4 #ee4 ,= ! collection ( antique e>!nw>e1 see p4 #aeg2 ( ,greek & ,lat9 inscriptions on /ones1 see p4 #ha4 ,= ! ,hetruscan & c>v$ c9]>y urns1 see p4 #df4 ,?is cab9et ,i also endeav\r$ to illu/rate 9 ,saggio di ,l+ua ,etrusca1 c4 publi%$ at ,rome1 9 #aghi4 ,= ! cab9et ( antique m$als1 arrang$ by ! celebrat$ ,sig4 ,ab4 ,eckell1 see p4 #aja2 ! o!rs1 arrang$ by ,sig4 ,pelli1 are m5tion$ a little be=e4 ,footnote #bdd3 ,aft] ! dep>ture ( ! pr9ce1 8 bu/ 9 m>ble 0 erect$1 & b5ea? x ! foll[+ inscription1 ( :i* he 0 pleas$ to approve3 ,,petrvs4 ,,leopoldvs4 ,,francisci4 ,,avg4 ,f4 ,,av/riacvs4 ,m4 ,d4 ,e4 ,,ad4 ,,vrbis4 ,,svae4 ,,decvs4 ,,et4 ,,ad4 ,,increm5tvm4 ,,artivm4 ,,optim>vm ,,mvsevm4 ,,m$icevm ,,op]ibvs4 ,,ampliatis4 ,,copisqve4 ,,avctis ,,ord9&vm4 ,,et4 ,,spl5didiore4 ,,cvltv4 ,,exorn&vm4 ,,cvravit ,,anno4 ,m4,,dcc4,,lxxxix4 ,footnote #bde3 ,he employ$ 9 ?is "w ! highly e/eem$ ,sig4 ,cav4 ,pucc9i1 f :om ,i und]/&1 t almo/ a ?ird ( ! pictures n[ 9 ! gall]y 7 plac$ !re by ! munific5ce ( ,f]d9&4 ,sig4 ,pucc9i has arrang$ !m 9 a mann] s symmetrical & in/ructive z to =m a model = all o!r collections4 ,footnote #bdf3 ,9 #ahja ,lodovico ,i4 began 8 reign 9 ,tuscany4 ,dy+ %ortly aft]1 he 0 succe$$ by ! infant ,c>lo ,i41 "u ! reg5cy ( ! ,que5-"m ,m>ia ,l\isa4 ,f ?is p]iod ! arts h exp]i5c$ new patronage & enc\ragem5t4 ,! v copi\s & select ,salvetti libr>y has be5 appropriat$ = ! use ( ! academy2 a noble example to all p>ts ( ,italy1 possess+ simil> in/itutions4 ,a new improvem5t also "h made1 is ! reunion 9 "o place ( ma/]s 9 scagliola1 & mosaic "w1 gems1 & ! re/or+ ( pictures1 an occupation rec5tly introduc$2 & 9 place ( a ma/]1 :o =m]ly presid$1 a director1 ) great] au?ority & emolum5t1 has be5 appo9t$4 ,sig4 ,pietro ,b5v5uti1 :om ,i d>e n v5ture to comm5d z he des]ves1 = he is /ill liv+1 0 select$ = ?is *>ge4 ,! addition ( ca/s also by our new rul]s is ( great utility1 9 p>ticul> ^? f ! works ( ! celebrat$ ,canova1 :o has be5 reque/$ to produce a new /atue ( ,v5us1 on ! model ( ! ,m$icean1 lo/ to u by ! *ance ( w>4 ,! hon\r conf]r$ by ! que5 reg5t ^u ! arts1 des]ves likewise a place 9 hi/ory2 :o1 9 ! meet+ ( ! academy1 held 9 #ahjc1 ,sig4 ,aless&ri be+ presid5t1 di/ribut$ rew>ds to ! "y /ud5ts1 & enc\rag$ !m to d well4 ,x 0 ^u ?is occasion t ! same ,cavali]e ,pucc9i1 secret>y to ! in/itution1 deliv]$ ano!r excell5t disc\rse1 int5d$ to prove t ! pursuit ( ! f9e arts =ms "o ( ! mo/ exp$iti\s & lea/ p]il\s pa?s to human glory2--a disc\rse t1 equally = ! cr$it ( ! writ] & ( ! f9e arts1 0 giv5 to ! _w at ,flor5ce1 9 ! ye> #ahjd4 ,,book ,,ii4 ,,si5ese ,,s*ool4 ,,epo* ,i4 ,! old ,ma/]s4 ,! ,si5ese is ! lively s*ool ( a lively p2 & is s agreeable 9 ! selection ( ! col\rs & ! air ( ! heads1 t =eign]s are captivat$1 & sometimes ev5 pref] x to ! ,flor5t9e4 ,b ?is gaiety ( /yle =ms n ! only reason ( ?is pref]5ce2 !re is ano!r1 :i* few h att5d$ to1 & none h ev] br\ght =w>d4 ,! *oice/ productions ( ! pa9t]s ( ,si5a are all 9 ! *ur*es ( t place2 & he :o wi%es to become acqua9t$ ) ! s*ool1 aft] hav+ se5 ^!1 ne$ n be v solicit\s to visit ! private collections1 :i* are num]\s & well fill$4 ,9 ,flor5ce x is o!rwise3 no picture ( ,v9ci1 ( ,bon>ruoti1 ( ,rosso1 is to be se5 9 public2 none ( ! f9e/ productions ( ,&rea1 or ( ,frate1 & few ( any o!r ma/] :o has be/ support$ ! cr$it ( ! s*ool3 _m ( ! *ur*es ab\nd 9 pictures ( ! ?ird & fif? epo*s2 :i* are c]ta9ly respectable1 b d n excite a/oni%m5t l ! works ( ! ,razzi1 ! ,vanni1 & o!r fir/ rate arti/s1 e :]e to be met ) 9 ,si5a4 ,!y are1 moreov]1 two diff]5t s*ools1 & ought n to be conf\nd$ toge!r 9 any "w ( art2 possess+1 = a long p]iod ( "t1 diff]5t gov]nm5ts1 o!r heads ( s*ools1 o!r /yles2 & n affect$ by ! same *anges4 ,a comp>ison betwe5 ! two s*ools is drawn by ,p4 della ,valle1#bdg :om we h m5tion$1 & %all aft]w>ds m5tion ) respect2 & 8 op9ion appe>s to be1 t ! ,flor5t9e is mo/ philosophical1 ! ,si5ese ! mo/ poetical4 ,he rem>ks on ?is head1 t ! s*ool ( ,si5a1 f its v beg9n+1 displays a peculi> tal5t = inv5tion2 animat+ ) lively & novel images ! /ories x repres5ts2 fill+ !m ) allegory1 & =m+ !m into spirit$ & well con/ruct$ poetic compositions4 ,?is orig9ates 9 ! elevat$ & f]vid g5ius ( ! p1 t no less aids ! pa9t]1 ^: poetry is address$ to ! eye1 ?an ! b>d :o yields x to ! e>4 ,9 ! latt]1 & also 9 extempor>y poets1 ! city ab\nds1 & /ill ma9ta9s 9 public e/imation1 ^? laurels1 :i*1 aft] ,petr>ca & ,tasso1 h] ,p]fetti won 9 ! capital4 ,he likewise obs]ves t ^? arti/s p>ticul>ly att5d$ to expression4 ,nor 0 ?is difficult1 9 a city s adv]se to dissimulation z ,si5a1 ^: natural disposition & education h adapt$ ! tongue & c\nt5ance to express ! emotions ( ! he>t4 ,?is vivacity ( g5ius has p]haps prev5t$ _! atta9+ p]fection 9 design1 :i* is n ! great attribute ( ^? ma/]s1 z x is reckon$ ( ! ,flor5t9es4 ,to sum up all1 ! "* ( ! s*ool ( ,si5a is n s orig9al z t ( "s o!rs2 & we %all f9d1 dur+ its be/ p]iod1 t "s ( its arti/s di/9ctly imitat$ ! /yle ( o!r pa9t]s4 ,) reg>d to ! numb] ( its arti/s1 ,si5a has be5 prolific 9 ! proportion ( its population2 its arti/s 7 num]\s :ile x _h _m citiz5s2 b on ! decrease ( ! latt]1 its pr(essors ( ! f9e arts also dim9i%$1 until e trace ( a s*ool 0 lo/4 ,! acc\nts ( ! e>ly pa9t]s ( ,si5a are r confus$ dur+ ! ?ree fir/ c5turies by ! plurality ( ! ,guidi1 ! ,m9i1 ! ,lippi1 ! ,vanni 7abbreviations ( ,giacomo1 ,filippo1 ,giovanni71 & su* sort ( prop] names z are us$ )\t a surname3 h5ce x is n suffici5t to p]use only su* acc\nts2 we mu/ reflect on !m & comp>e !m4 ,!y are scatt]$ 9 _m hi/ories ( ! city1 especially 9 ,ugurgi]i1 :o 0 pleas$ to entitle 8 "w ,le ,pompe ,sanesi2 9 ! ,di>y ( ,girolamo ,gigli2 & 9 sev]al works ( ! indefatigable ,cav4 ,gio4 ,pecci1 :om we h be=e notic$4 ,_m manuscripts1 ri* 9 anecdotes ( pa9t+1 /ill rema9 9 ! libr>ies3 ( ?is numb] are ! hi/ories ( ,sigismondo ,tizio1 ( ,ca/iglione1 :o liv$ at ,si5a f #adhb to #aebh2 ! ,ca!dral ( ,si5a1 m9utely describ$ by ,alfonzo ,l&i2 ! ,treatise on old ,pa9t+s ( ,giulio ,manc9i2 & "s ,memoirs ( ,ub]to ,b5vogli5ti1 :om ,muratori d5om9ates dilig5tissimus r]um suae patriae inve/igator4 ,f ^!1 & o!r s\rces1#bdh ,p4 della ,valle has drawn :at is conta9$ 9 ! ,lett]e ,sanesi1 & repeat$ 9 ! notes on ,vas>i conc]n+ ! s*ool ( ,si5a4 ,by ! "w ( ,della ,valle x has acquir$ a celebrity to :i* x has long be5 entitl$4 ,i take him = my guide 9 ! docum5ts & anecdotes :i* he has giv5 to ! public2#bdi 9 ! old] au?orities ,i foll[ ,vas>i & ,bald9ucci 9 _m circum/ances1 b diss5t f !m 9 o!rs3 & ho/ile to error1 & anxi\s = ! tru?1 ,i %all pursue ! same plan ) reg>d to ! hi/orians ( ! s*ool ( ,si5a4 ,i %all omit _m names ( old ma/]s1 ( :om no works n[ rema91 & "h & !re %all add a few mod]n arti/s :o h come to my k1 by ! exam9ation ( pictures1 or by ! p]usal ( books4 ,! orig9 ( ! ,si5ese s*ool is d$uc$ ei!r f ! crusades 9 ! ea/1 :5ce "s ,grecian pa9t] has be5 br\ght to ,si5a2 or f ,pisa1 :i*1 z we h se51 _h its fir/ arti/s f ,greece4 ,on su* a "q e "o may judge = himself3 to me ! data necess>y = resolv+ x appe> to be want+4 ,i "k t ,italy 0 nev] de/itute ( pa9t]s1 & arti/s :o wr\ght 9 m9iature2 t f su*1 )\t any ,grecian aid1 or example1 "s ,italian s*ools took _! orig94 ,si5a mu/ h _h !m 9 ! twelf? c5tury4 ,! ,ordo (ficiorum ,s55sis ,ecclesiae :i* is pres]v$ 9 ! libr>y ( ! academy at ,flor5ce1 0 writt5 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! ?irte5? c5tury1 & exhibits initial lett]s1 surr\nd$ ) illum9ations ( little /ories & ornam5ts ( animals4 ,!y are pa9t$ 9 v]milion1 9 a v h>d & meagre /yle2 b !y are valuable on acc\nt ( _! era1 #abac1 9 :i* !y 7 execut$ by ,od]ico ,canonico ( ,si5a4#bej ,simil> books 7 ornam5t$ by ! same pa9t] 9 ! p>*m5t ( ! leaves1 & pa9t$ on ! cov]s )\t2#bea & af=d a pro( t ?us ! art ( ornam5t+ ) m9iatures might lead to l>ge compositions4 ,all1 h[ev]1 m or less1 sav\r ( ! ,greek design2 ei!r because ! ,italians 7 orig9ally disciples ( ! ,greeks1 disp]s$ ov] ,italy1 or because !y reg>d$ ! ,grecian ma/]s z models1 & v5tur$ n to attempt mu* beyond !m4 ,! mo/ anci5t pictures 9 ! city1 ! ,madonna ( ! ,graces1 ! ,madonna ( ,tressa1 ! ,madonna ( ,be?lehem1 a ,s4 ,pet] 9 ! *ur* d$icat$ to t sa9t1 & a ,s4 ,john ! ,bapti/1 surr\nd$ by _m small hi/orical repres5tations at ,s4 ,petronilla1 are believ$ to be old] ?an #abjj2 b x is by no means cle> t !y are ! works ( ,italians1 ?\gh (t5 believ$ su* f _! initial *>act]s1 plai/]1 & design4 ,on ! two la/ ! names ( ! sa9ts ne> ! figures are 9 ,lat9 *>act]s2 a circum/ance1 h[ev]1 :i* does n prove an ,italian pa9t]4 ,on ! mosaic works at ,v5ice1 on ! ,madonna ( ,cam]9o1 br\ght f ,smyrna1#beb & on o!r pictures execut$ by ! ,greeks = ,italian cities1 ignorant ( _! language1 !y wrote1 or got o!rs to write1 inscriptions 9 ,lat92 & !y did ! same on /atues4#bec ,! me?od ( pa9t+ on gilt plai/]1 :i* we obs]ve 9 "s old pictures1 decid$ly ,italian1 is no argum5t2 = ,i h sev]al times obs]v$ a simil> practice 9 :at 0 unque/ionably ! "w ( a ,greek arti/4 ,! draw+ ( ! features 9 ^? pictures1 ! grimness ( ! aspect1 & ! composition ( ! /ories1 all accord ) ! productions ( ! ,greeks4 ,!y may1 !re=e1 h be5 pa9t$ by ,greek arti/s1 or by a s*ol>1 or1 at lea/1 by an imitator ( ! ,greeks4 ,:o1 !n1 c det]m9e :5ce ! arti/ came1 :e!r he 0 a re/or] ( pa9t+1 & :e!r he execut$ ^? pa9t+s at ,si5a1 or s5t !m f "s o!r place8 ,?is is c]ta91 t pa9t+ quickly e/abli%$ itself at ,si5a1 s5t out roots1 & rapidly multipli$ its blossoms4 ,! s]ies ( pa9t]s kn[n by "n comm5ces ) ,guido1 or ,guidone1 already notic$ 9 ! beg9n+ ( ?is volume4 ,he fl\ri%$ be=e ,cimabue ( ,flor5ce saw ! light2 & seems to h be5 at ! same "t an illum9ator ( manuscripts & a pa9t]4 ,! writ]s ( ,si5a h declaim$ aga9/ ,vas>i & ,bald9ucci = omitt+ ?is arti/2 notices ( :om c\ld n h escap$ ! =m]1 :o 0 _m times at ,si5a2 nor ! latt]1 :o 0 made acqua9t$ ) !m be=e ! publication ( 8 ,dec5nali4 ,cav4 ,m>mi1 a le>n$ & celebrat$ ,flor5t9e1 ?us notices ! omission 9 "o ( 8 lett]s4#bed ,bald9ucci lab\r$ to make u cr$it ! re/oration ( pa9t+ by ,cimabue & ,giotto2 & to give /ability to 8 hypo!sis1 x is probable t he omitt$ to make any m5tion ( ! pa9t]s :o1 indep5d5t ( ! two j nam$1 dep>t$ f ! raw & feeble mann] ( ! ,greeks4 ,& ,guido c]ta9ly left x n a little beh9d1 9 8 picture ( ! ,virg91 n[ hung up 9 ! ,malevolti *apel 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,dom5ico4 ,on x he has ?us inscrib$ 8 "n & ! date3 ,me ,guido de ,s5is diebus dep9xit am5is ,quem ,*ri/us l5is nullis velit ag]e po5is4 ,an4 #abba4 ,& ?is example 0 (t5 foll[$ by ! ma/]s ( ?is s*ool1 to ! great b5efit ( ! hi/ory ( pa9t+4 ,! c\nt5ance ( ! ,virg9 is lovely1 & p>ticipates n 9 ! /]n aspect t is *>act]i/ic ( ! ,greeks2 we may discov] "s trace ( a new /yle 9 ! drap]y4 ,! ,madonnas ( ,cimabue :i* are at ,flor5ce1 ! "o 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,tr9ity1 ! o!r 9 ,s4 ,m>ia ,novella1 are n1 h[ev]1 inf]ior4 ,9 !m we may disc]n ! improvem5t ( ! art2 a m vivid col\r+1 fle% t9ts m true2 a m natural attitude ( ! head ( ! infant1 :ile ! accompanim5ts ( ! ?rone1 & ( ! glory ( angels1 proclaim a sup]ior /yle4 ,on ?is subject ,i make two rem>ks1 9 :i* ,i widely diss5t f ! op9ion ( ! au?or ( ! ,si5ese ,lett]s1 )\t committ+ any brea* ( our long e/abli%$ fri5d%ip4 ,! "o is1 t to prove ,guido sup]ior to ,cimabue1 he frequ5tly comp>es ! ,madonna ( ,s4 ,dom5ico1 :i* is ! only "o ( 8 pictures :i* he m5tions1#bee ) ! pa9t+s ( ,cimabue1 :i* are num]\s1 & full ( subject2 & )\t sett+ any value on ! col\r+1 ! f]tility ( inv5tion1 & ! v>i\s o!r qualities 9 :i* ! ,flor5t9e surpass$ ! arti/ ( ,si5a1 he dwells on c]ta9 little p>ticul>s1 9 :i* x appe>s t ,guido 0 sup]ior4 ,an arti/ ( :om x is n kn[n t he ev] attempt$ any picture b ,madonnas1 might become m or less p]fect 9 ?is subject2 b pa9t+ is n s mu* indebt$ to him1 z to "o :o has c>ri$ x to ! high] walks ( ! art2 a m]it :i* ,m>co ( ,si5a1 a writ] n incl9$ to fav\r ! ,flor5t9es1 d5ies n to ,cimabue1 z we %all f9d 9 ! f\r? book4 ,! o!r circum/ance allud$ to is1 t :5 he m5tions a picture :i* does hon\r to ! fame ( ,cimabue1 he attempts to discr$it its hi/ory1 & ! tradition2 z ,i h already obs]v$ ) reg>d to ! two l>ge pictures 9 ! *ur* ( ,assisi1 & am n[ "u ! necessity ( rem>k+ ) reg>d to ! two ,madonnas at ,flor5ce above m5tion$4 ,he /rongly suspects#bef !m to be ! "w ( ,m9o da ,turrita1 s9ce mosaic1 9 :i* ,m9o 0 exp]t1 is !re repres5t$ by a skilful h&2 & ,cimabue 0 n dext]\s 9 t art2 z if a pa9t] c\ld n repres5t build+s )\t be+ an ar*itect1 or g>m5ts )\t kn[+ h[ to cut !m out1 or drap]y )\t be+ v]s$ 9 ! art ( weav+4 ,he ev5 d\bts :e!r ,giotto visit$ ,france1 =1 _h ?is be5 ! case1 he1 & n ,simone da ,si5a1 w\ld h pa9t$ ! portrait ( ,laura1 z if hi/ory did n in=m u t ,giotto visit$ t c\ntry ab\t #acaf1 long be=e ! p]iod :5 ,petr>ca fir/ became enam\r$ ( t beauty4 ,he has introduc$ "s o!r speculations1 :i* he w\ld n h admitt$1 _h he n be5 betray$ into x1 almo/ involunt>ily1 by a sy/em :i* has "s probable f\ndation1 b is c>ri$ to an extravagant l5g?4 ,i %\ld h be5 sil5t on ?is subject2 b :5 writ+ ( ^! arti/s x became me to recollect t ! unicuique suum 0 no less ! duty ( ! hi/orian ?an ! judge4 ,! au?ors ( *ronicles require correction on ! era ( ?is pa9t]4 ,! mo/ und\bt$ picture ( ,guido is t be>+ ! date #abba1 = ! o!r 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,b]n>d9o1 dat$ #abfb1 is ascrib$ to him )\t suffici5t evid5ce4 ,x is h>dly probable t he :o 0 s em95t 9 a new art 9 #abba1 0 /ill alive 9 #abie1 z is affirm$ by "s1#beg on ! fai? ( a sum ( money paid to "o ,guido1 a pa9t]4 ,! celebrat$ ,guido mu/ !n h be5 at lea/ #aje ye>s ( age3 x is m probable t he 0 dead1 & ! "n appli$ to ano!r ,guido1 )\t any dang] ( a mi/ake4 ,x is g5]ally believ$ t ! eld] ,guido in/ruct$ ,f4 ,m9o1 or ,giacom9o da ,turrita1 ! celebrat$ arti/ 9 mosaic1 ( :om we h spok5 9 ! fir/ book4 ,on ! era ( ,m9o also mu* has be5 writt5 )\t suffici5t au?ority4 ,bald9ucci says he di$ ab\t #acjj2 & omits to m5tion 9 8 life t he 0 employ$ 9 #abbe2 al?\gh ?is date is legible on ! mosaic ( ,m9o 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,giovanni at ,flor5ce1 9 lett]s a cubit 9 l5g?4#beh ,?is circum/ance has likewise escap$ ! hi/orians ( ,si5a1 "s ( :om h prolong$ 8 life to ! ye> #abih1 on ! au?ority ( paym5t made to ,m9uccio1 a pa9t]2 & o!rs h ext5d$ x to ab\t #abjj1 on acc\nt ( ! tomb ( ,boniface ,,viii4 :i* is said to be ! "w ( ,turrita4 ,! utmo/ p]iod t c be grant$ !m is ab\t #abij3 = ,titi obs]ves1 9 8 ,description ( ! ,pa9t+s 9 ,rome1 t ,m9o f9i%$ ! mosaic ( ,s4 ,m>ia ,maggiore 9 #abhi1 & di$1 aft] beg9n+ ano!r 9 ,s4 ,giovanni ,lat]ano1 :i* 0 complet$ by ,gaddo ,gaddi 9 #abib4 ,?is r5d]s x extremely d\btful t ,f4 ,m9o 0 taught pa9t+ by ,guido1 t he imp>t$ x n only to ,giotto1 :om1 = o!r reasons1 we h exclud$ f 8 s*ool 7p4 #bj7 b to ! ,si5ese arti/s1 ,memmi & ,lor5zetti1#bei & ev5 t he 0 a pa9t]2 all :i* is f\nd$ on ! foll[+ memor&um1 "u ! ye> #abhi1 9 a manuscript 9 ! libr>y ( ,si5a3 ,paid on ! twelf? day ( ,augu/1 n9ete5 lire to ,ma/] ,m9o1 ! pa9t]1 :o pa9t$ ! ,virg9 ,m>y1 & o!r ,,ss4 9 ! c\ncil room ( ! public palace1 ! balance1 c4 ,he :o is "h d5om9at$ ,mae/ro ,m9o1 n ,fra ,m9o2 :o is sometimes call$ ,m9uccio1 a dim9utive n fitt$ = an old monk2 & appe>s to h be5 employ$ 9 ,si5a :5 ,fra ,m9o 0 at ,rome1 is ano!r arti/4 ,?us we discov] ano!r em95t pa9t] ( ! "n ( ,m9o1 or ,m9uccio1 :o seems to be 9 reality ! au?or ( ! picture ( #abhi1 above allud$ to1 :i* rema9$ 9 ! c\ncil hall ev5 )9 my memory1 & ( o!rs1 d[n to #abih4 ,he !re repres5t$ ! ,virg9 & ,*ild1 surr\nd$ by angels1 & "u a canopy1 support$ by ,apo/les & ! patron sa9ts ( ! city4 ,! size ( ! figures1 ! inv5tion & ! di/ribution ( ! "w1 are surpris+ = t age2 ( ! o!r qualities "o _c speak ) c]ta9ty2 = x 0 repair$ 9 #acba by ,simone da ,si5a1 & !re are beauties 9 ! features & ! drap]y t c be ascrib$ only to ! re/or]4 ,! mi/ake ?us occasion$ by ! same "n be+ cle>$ up1 ! sy/em ( ! le>n$ au?or ( ! ,lett]e ,sanesi1 is 9 "p confirm$1 & 9 "p falls to ! gr\nd4 ,he is "r 9 refus+ to ,giotto c]ta9 ,si5ese pupils1 ref]r$ to him only f traces ( a m mod]n /yle2 = we "h discov] an arti/ :o made "s advances t[>ds ! new mann] ev5 previ\s to ,giotto1 :o1 9 #abhi1 0 only ?irte5 ye>s ( age4 ,n[ ?is ,m9o1 & ,duccio1 ( :om we %all soon treat1 might c]ta9ly h =m$ pupils able to compete ) ! s*ool ( ,giotto1 & ev5 9 l5g? ( ye>s to surpass ,giotto himself4 ,!re is no reason1 h[ev]1 to pref] ! ,si5ese pa9t]s to ,cimabue1 on ! /r5g? ( ?is pa9t+1 z ! au?or 9 "q has s (t5 done4 ,comp>ison ought to be employ$ betwe5 pa9t] & pa9t]1 betwe5 contempor>y & contempor>y4 ,f4 ,m9o1 to :om ?is s+le picture 0 attribut$1 is n[ %ewn to h be5 m]ely a mosaic work]3 ,m9o or ,m9uccio began to be kn[n :5 ,cimabue 0 fifty ye>s ( age2 & is ! au?or ( a s+le "w1 n s free f ret\*es1 nor s l>ge z t ( ,assisi1 already describ$4 ,! comp>ison !n is n j4 ,e s*ool ?9ks itself suffici5tly hon\r$ :5 x c produce two or ?ree pa9t]s ( ! ?irte5? c5tury3 ! s*ool ( ,si5a is peculi>ly ri* 9 !m1 & ^! are record$ 9 ! tw5ty-fif? lett] ,on ! disciples ( ,guido4 ,z usual ,i %all omit ! names ( ^? lea/ entitl$ to recollection4 ,i w n affirm t all ( !m proce$$ f ! s*ool ( ,guido2 = 9 a city :]e ! f9e arts fl\ri%$ s rapidly1 ma/]s unkn[n to u may h be5 produc$4 ,mu* less w ,i ascribe arti/s ( o!r cities to ?is s*ool4 ,9 ! manuscripts ( ,manc9i1 "o ,bonav5tura da ,lucca is m5tion$1 :o is ! ,b]l+i]i already m5tion$4#bfj ,i nei!r assign him to ,guido nor to ,giunta4 ,:o c tell :e!r ,lucca _h n also 9 ^? e>ly times an orig9al s*ool1 n[ unkn[n to u8 ,sett+ aside unc]ta9 po9ts !re=e1 we c only ass]t1 t aft] ! middle ( ! c5tury1 ,si5a ab\nd$ 9 pa9t]s1 m1 p]haps1 ?an any o!r city ( ,italy2 & ! causes ( ?is are z foll[s4 ,! ca!dral 0 begun sev]al ye>s be=e1 9 a /yle ( magnific5ce suit$ to ! lordly views ( ! citiz5s4 ,x 0 n a "w to be complet$ 9 a %ort "t3 h5ce x 0 frequ5tly int]rupt$1 & a long p]iod _h elaps$ be=e x 0 f9i%$4 ,dur+ ?is "t _m ar*itects 7magi/ri lapidum7 & sculptors ei!r 7 invit$ f o!r places1 or 7 re>$ up 9 ! city2 & 9 #abej !y =m$ a corporate body1 & requir$ p>ticul> laws4#bfa ,al?\gh no?+ is asc]ta9$ ) reg>d to _! mode ( /udy1 x is natural to suppose t ! /udy ( sculpture contribut$ to ! advancem5t ( pa9t+1 a si/] art4 ,! celebrat$ battle ( ,monte ,ap]to1 9 :i* ! p ( ,si5a defeat$ ! ,flor5t9es1 happ5$ 9 #abfj4 ,?is victory produc$ an era ( peace & opul5ce to ! city1 & enc\rag$ bo? 9 public & 9 private ! arts dep5d+ on luxury4 ,! victory 0 ascrib$ to ! int]f]5ce ( ! bless$ ,virg9 ,m>y1 to :om ! city 0 consecrat$2 ! adoration ( h] vot>ies increas$1 & h] images 7 multipli$ 9 ! /reets1 & 9 all o!r places2 & !nce pa9t+ obta9$ fre% enc\ragem5t1 & new foll[]s4 ,ugol9o da ,si5a %\ld be ref]r$ to ?is era2 he di$ decrepid 9 #acci1 & consequ5tly might h be5 born be=e #abfj4 ,we _c agree ) ,vas>i1 :o ins9uates t he 0 ! s*ol> ( ,cimabue2 nor ) ,bald9ucci1 :o +rafts him on 8 ,tree2 nor yet ) o!rs :o ass]t t he 0 ! pupil ( ,guido2 = ! latt] mu/ h be5 dead :5 ,ugol9o 0 v "y4 ,t he 0 educat$ 9 ,si5a1 seems to me highly probable1 f ! numb] ( ma/]s !n 9 t city1 & because ! col\r+ ( 8 ,madonna ( ,orsanmi*ele at ,flor5ce is 9 ! /yle ( ! old s*ool ( ,si5a2 less /rong & less true ?an t ( ,cimabue & ! ,flor5t9es4 ,?is fact appe>s to me ( importance1 = x dep5ds on ! me*anism ( ! art1 :i* 0 diff]5t 9 diff]5t s*ools4 ,design at t e>ly p]iod sav\r$ m or less ( ! ,greeks2 & 9 ?is respect ,ugol9o adh]$ to !m too closely4 ,he pa9t$ pictures & *apels ov] all ,italy1 says ,vas>i2 & if ,i am n mi/ak5 he came to ,flor5ce aft] 8 travels1 & at l5g? di$ at ,si5a4 ,duccio di ,bon9segna is ano!r ma/] ( ?is age1 ( :om ,i %all speak 9 ano!r place1 z ! inv5tor ( a new species ( pa9t+4 ,tizio says he 0 ! pupil ( ,segna1 an arti/ n[ almo/ unkn[n 9 ,si5a4 ,he mu/1 h[ev]1 h enjoy$ great celebrity 9 8 day among 8 c\ntrym52 = ,tizio in=ms u t he pa9t$ a picture at ,arezzo1 conta9+ a figure :i* he pron\nces excell5t & highly e/eem$4 ,he has transmitt$ to u ! foll[+ rem>kable te/imony conc]n+ ,duccio3 ,ducius ,s55sis int] ejusdem opificii artifices ea tempe/ate prim>ius2 ex cujus (fic9a veluti ex equo ,trojano pictores egregii prodi]unt4 ,! ea tempe/ate ref]s to #acaa1 :5 ,giotto 0 at ,avignon2 & :5 ,duccio 0 employ$ on ! picture t /ill exi/s 9 ! op]a-h\se1 :i* 0 complet$ 9 ?ree ye>s1 & almo/ =ms an era 9 ! art4 ,x 0 l>ge en\gh to h =m$ a picture = ! great alt> ( ! metropolitan *ur* = :i* x 0 int5d$4 ,on ! side fac+ ! p he pa9t$ l>ge figures ( ! ,virg91 & ( v>i\s sa9ts2 on t front+ ! *oir he repres5t$ scriptural subjects1 9 _m comp>tm5ts1 9 :i* he introduc$ a va/ numb] ( figures a palm 9 l5g?4 ,pius ,,ii4 relates 9 8 ,annals ( ,si5a1 :i* 7 nev] publi%$1 t x co/ #b1jjj flor9s2 o!rs raise x to #c1jjj2 b n s mu* on acc\nt ( ! workman%ip z ! pr(usion ( gold & ultram>9e4 ,! /yle is g5]ally ?\ght to approa* ! ,greek mann]2 ! "w1 h[ev]1 is ! mo/ copi\s 9 figures1 & among ! be/ execut$ productions ( t age4 ,duccio 0 employ$ 9 _m p>ts ( ,tuscany1 & 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,tr9ity at ,flor5ce he pa9t$ an ,annunciation :i*1 9 ! op9ion ( ,bald9ucci1 leaves no d\bt t he 0 a s*ol> ( ,giotto1 or ( 8 disciples4 ,b ?is w n be grant$ or believ$ by ^? :o h se5 x2 = bo? ! col\r+ & ! /yle are totally dissimil>4 ,*ronology1 too1 opposes ! conclusion2 unless we introduce "h also a confusion1 aris+ f arti/s ) simil> names3 ,duccio pa9t$ f #abhb1bfb & di$ ab\t #acdj4bfc ,! hi/ory becomes m complete1 :5 we arrive at ! celebrat$ ,simone ,memmi1 or ,simone di ,m>t9o1#bfd ! pa9t] ( ,laura1 & ! fri5d ( ,petr>ca1 :o has celebrat$ him 9 two sonnets t w h& him d[n to ! late/ po/]ity4 ,! poet has also eulogiz$ him 9 8 lett]s1 :]e he ?us speaks3 duos ego novi pictores egregios 444 ,joctum ,flor5t9um civem1 cujus int] mod]nos fama +5s e/1 et ,simonem ,s55sem2 :i* is n1 h[ev]1 comp>+ him to ,giotto1 to :om he pays a d\ble complim5t1 b x is giv+ ,memmi ! next rank4 ,9 su* a conv5i5t place ! poet w\ld n1 9 my op9ion1 h omitt$ ,jocti discipulum1 _h he be5 acqua9t$ ) su* a circum/ance3 b he appe>s to h no k ( x2 & ?is r5d]s x d\btful :e!r ,simone 0 ! pupil ( ,giotto at ,rome1 not)/&+ ! ass]tion ( ,vas>i1 :o adds t ! latt] 0 !n engag$ 9 ! mosaic ( ! ,navicella4 ,! writ]s ( ,si5a contradict him ) good reason2 = 9 #abih ,simone 0 only f\rte5 ye>s ( age4#bfe ,!y reckon him ! s*ol> ( _! ,m9o1 & c]ta9ly he d]iv$ mu* f ! l>ge fresco be=e notic$3 b z he ret\*$ x himself we _c put mu* fai? on ! resemblance4 ,8 col\r+ is m vivid ?an t ( ! foll[]s ( ,giotto1 & 9 floridness x seems a prelude to ,b>occio4 ,b if he 0 n ! s*ol> ( ,giotto1 he may h assi/$ him 9 "s ( 8 works1 or1 p]haps1 /udi$ him closely1 z _m em95t pa9t]s h (t5 done ) ! be/ ma/]s4 ,?is may acc\nt = 8 imitat+ ,giotto s admirably 9 ,s4 ,pet]'s at ,rome2 a m]it :i* procur$ him an invitation to ! papal c\rt at ,avignon1 :]e he di$4 ,! picture ( ! ,vatican has p]i%$2 b "s ( 8 o!r works /ill exi/ 9 ,italy2 & !y are n s num]\s at ,si5a z 9 ,pisa & ,flor5ce4 ,9 ! ,campo ,santo ( ,pisa we f9d v>i\s actions ( ,s4 ,rani]i1 & ! celebrat$ ,assumption ( ! ,virg91 amid a *oir ( angels1 :o seem actually float+ 9 ! air1 & celebrat+ ! triumph4 ,memmi 0 excell5t 9 ?is species ( composition1 z ,i believe1 f ! num]\s pictures ( ?is subject :i* he pa9t$ at ,si5a1 :]e !re is "o at ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,john1 :i* is m copi\s b n m beautiful ?an t at ,pisa4 ,"s ( 8 l>g] works may be se5 9 ! *apt] h\se ( ! ,spani% ,fri>s at ,flor5ce2 sev]al hi/ories ( ,*ri/1 ( ,s4 ,dom5ico1 & ( ,s4 ,pet] ,m>tyr2 & !re ! ,ord] ( ! ,prea*+ ,fri>s are poetically repres5t$ z engag$ 9 ! s]vice ( ! *ur*1 9 reject+ innovators1 & 9 lur+ s\ls to p>adise4 ,vas>i1 to :om ! inv5tions ( ,memmi appe> n ^? ( a ma/] ( t age1 b ( a mo/ excell5t mod]n arti/1 especially praises ! la/3 &1 inde$1 x might be suppos$ t x 0 sugge/$ by ,petr>*1 did n a comp>ison ( dates refute su* an idea4 ,! picture 0 pa9t$ 9 #accb1 & ,simone w5t n to ,france till #accf2 :at is said ab\t ! portrait ( ,laura 9 ! *apt]h\se is a m]e fable4 ,taddeo ,gaddi1 an und\bt$ pupil ( ! improv$ & dignifi$ s*ool ( ,giotto1 0 !re 8 competitor2 & z f> surpass$ ,memmi 9 ! qualities ( t s*ool1 z he 0 excell$ by ! latt] 9 _s1 9 v>iety ( ! heads & attitudes1 9 fancy ( ! drap]ies1 & 9 orig9ality ( composition4 ,simone pav$ ! way to m complex pictures1 & ext5d$ !m ov] a :ole facade1 s z to be tak5 9 at "o glance ( ! eye2 :]eas ,giotto us$ to divide a l>ge surface into _m comp>tm5ts1 9 ea* ( :i* he pa9t$ an hi/orical picture4 ,al?\gh ,i d n usually dwell on m9iature pa9t+1 ,i _c resi/ m5tion+ "o :i* is to be se5 9 ! ,ambrosian libr>y at ,milan1 :i* appe>s to me a s+ul> production4 ,9 t place1 !re is a manuscript ( ,virgil1 ) ! comm5t>y ( ,s]vius1 :i* =m]ly belong$ to ,petr>ca4 ,9 ! frontispiece is a m9iature t is reasonably conjectur$ to h be5 sugge/$ to ,simone by ! poet1 :o has subjo9$ ! foll[+ v]ses3 ,mantua ,virgilium qui talia c>m9a f9xit1 ,s5a tulit ,simonem digito qui talia p9xit4 ,! arti/ has repres5t$ ,virgil sitt+ 9 ! attitude ( writ+1 & ) 8 eyes rais$ to heav51 invok+ ! fav\r ( ! ,muses4 ,a,eneas is be=e him 9 ! g>b & ) ! demean\r ( a w>rior1 &1 po9t+ ) 8 sword1 intimates ! subject ( ! ,a,eneid4 ,! ,bucolics are repres5t$ by a %eph]d1 & ! ,georgics by a husb&man2 bo? ( :om are on a l[] =egr\nd ( ! piece1 & appe> li/5+ to ! /ra94 ,s]vius1 9 ! mean "t1 appe>s draw+ aside a veil ( great delicacy & transp>5cy1 to intimate t 8 read+s unveil :at w\ld o!rwise h rema9$ obscure & d\btful to ! read] ( t div9e poet4 ,an acc\nt ( ?is picture is conta9$ 9 a lett] ( ! secret>y ,ab4 ,c>lo ,bianconi1#bff :]e ! au?or praises ! orig9ality ( ! idea1 ! col\r+ & h>mony ( ! picture1 ! propriety & v>iety 9 ! co/ume accord+ ) ! subject4 ,he also rem>ks a little rud5ess 9 ! design1 m ( tru? ?an ( beauty 9 ! heads1 & ! l>g5ess ( ! h&s2 t usually1 inde$1 7 ! *>act]i/ics ( e s*ool at ?is p]iod4 ,simone _h a relation nam$ ,lippo ,memmi1 :om he himself in/ruct$ 9 ! art4 ,al?\gh he 0 n equal 9 g5ius to ,simone1 he succe$$ admirably 9 imitat+ 8 mann]1 &1 aid$ by 8 designs1 produc$ pictures t might h pass$ = ! "w ( ! =m]1 _h he n inscrib$ !m ) 8 "n4 ,:5 he wr\ght )\t su* assi/ance !re is a manife/ m$iocrity 9 8 inv5tion & design2 b he is /ill a good col\ri/4 ,a picture execut$ by !m bo? is pres]v$ 9 ,s4 ,ansano di ,ca/elvec*io ( ,si5a4#bfg ,9 ,ancona1 ,assisi1 & o!r places1 pictures exi/$ t 7 begun by ! =m]1 & f9i%$ by ! latt]4 ,!re is a picture :olly ! "w ( ,lippo 9 ,si5a2 & ! au?or ( ! ,description ( ,pisa records "o at ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,paul 9 t place1 :i* is n )\t m]it4 ,9 my fir/ edition1 implicitly foll[+ ! writ]s ( *ronicles1 ,i m5tion$ a ,cecco di ,m>t9o z ! bro!r ( ,simone4 ,b on consid]+ t he fl\ri%$ ab\t #achj1 & t !re 0 a less celebrat$ ,simon ,m>t9o1 9 ,si5a1 ab\t #acej1 m5tion$ by ,cittad9i1 ,i d n judge x "r to foll[ _! au?ority4 ,an arti/ nam$ ,lor5zo1 & famili>ly ,lor5zetto1 0 ! fa!r ( ano!r family ( pa9t]s3 he _h a son nam$ ,ambrogio1 :o is surnam$ ,lor5zetti by hi/orians4 ,a l>ge picture by ?is arti/1 on :i* he subscribes himself ,ambrosius ,laur5tii1 is to be se5 9 ! public palace1 & may be designat$ a poem ( moral precepts4 ,! vices ( a bad gov]nm5t are !re repres5t$ "u diff]5t aspects1 & ) appropriate symbols2 accompani$ by v]ses explanatory ( _! nature & consequ5ces4 ,! ,virtues1 too1 are !re p]sonifi$ ) suitable emblems3 & ! :ole is adapt$ to =m gov]nors & politicians = ! republic1 animat$ by ! _s ( g5u9e patriotism alone4 ,_h !re be5 a great] v>iety 9 ! c\nt5ances ( ! figures1 & a sup]ior arrangem5t 9 ! piece1 x w\ld h be5 little inf]ior to ! f9e/ pictures 9 ! ,campo ,santo ( ,pisa4 ,si5a possesses _m ( 8 frescos & l>ge pictures2 b !y are n s surpris+ z 8 small] works1 9 :i* he appe>s z ! =]unn] ( ,b4 ,angelico1 :om we h comm5d$ 9 ano!r place4 ,i h obs]v$ no?+ simil> 9 8 contempor>ies2 & x possesses a nationality ( "* t prev5ts 8 be+ conf\nd$ ) ! foll[]s ( ,giotto3 ! ideas1 ! col\r+1 & ! drap]ies1 are :olly diff]5t4 ,9 a simil> ta/e is a picture 9 ! possession ( ,sig4 ,abate ,ciac*]i1 libr>ian to ! univ]sity ( ,si5a1 :]e ,ambrogio pa9t$ "s v orig9al works1 9 :i* he v f> surpass$ ! ,orcagni4 ,8 /yle 0 admir$ 9 ,flor5ce2 :]e1 to please 8 fri5ds1 :o 7 desir\s ( see+ a specim5 ( 8 art1 he pa9t$ sev]al pieces f ! life ( ,s4 ,ni*olas1 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,proculus1 t 7 aft]w>ds transf]r$ to ! abbey4 ,ano!r son ( ,lor5zo 0 call$ ,pietro1 &1 9 conjunction ) 8 bro!r1 pa9t$ ! ,pres5tation1 & ,nuptials ( ,our ,lady1 9 ! hospital ( ,si5a1 on :i* ! foll[+ inscription 0 legible3 ,hoc opus fecit ,petrus ,laur5tii et ,ambrosius ejus frat]1 #acce4 ,! inscription is pres]v$ by ,cav4 ,pecci1 :o 9 #agbj1 :5 ! pa9t+ 0 de/roy$1 transcrib$ x mo/ opportunely = correct+ ,vas>i1 :o _h read ,petrus ,laurati in/ead ( ,laur5tii 9 ano!r inscription2 f :i* he conclud$ ?is arti/ n to be ! bro!r ( ,ambrogio2 & f "s simil>ity betwe5 8 /yle & t ( ,giotto1 _h conclud$ t he 0 ! disciple ( ! latt]3 b x is highly improbable t ) su* a fa!r & su* a bro!r1 ,pietro w\ld h gone f home = in/ruction4 ,vas>i gives1 h[ev]1 a mo/ fav\rable op9ion ( ?is illu/ri\s ,si5ese1 :i* may suffice to v9dicate 8 imp>tiality4 ,he says ( "o ( 8 pictures1 t x 0 execut$ ) a bett] design & 9 a sup]ior mann] to any ?+ t ,tuscany _h !n se52 & 9 ano!r place he ass]ts1 t ,pietro became a bett] ma/] ?an ei!r ,cimabue or ,giotto4 ,:at c\ld he h said fur!r8 might x h be5 ass]t$ t he 01 if n ! disciple ( ,giotto1 at lea/ 8 fell[ /ud5t 9 ! s*ool ( ,f4 ,m9o8 7,vas>i1 tom4 ii4 p4 #gh4 ed4 ,s547 ,b grant+ t ,giotto 0 n 8 ma/]1 h[ are we to believe him 8 fell[ /ud5t8 ,! fir/ pictures ( ,giotto are trac$ to #abie2 ^? ( ,pietro to #acbg4 ,& :]e1 :51 or to :om did ,f4 ,m9o tea* pa9t+8 ,pietro's hi/orical picture ( ! ,fa!rs dell' ,eremo rema9s 9 ! ,campo ,santo ( ,pisa1 :]e1 9 con=mity ) ecclesia/ical hi/ory1 he has pa9t$ ! v>i\s discipl9e ( ^? recluses4 ,?is picture1 if ,i am n mi/ak51 is ri*] 9 ideas1 m orig9al1 & bett] conceiv$ ?an any "o 9 t place4 ,9 ! ducal gall]y !re is a copy ( ?is picture1 if n a duplicate by ! arti/ himself3 ! ta/e ( ! col\r+ c]ta9ly belongs n to ! ,flor5t9e1 b to ! ,si5ese s*ool1 ( t p]iod4 ,aft] pa9t+ _h atta9$ s high a degree ( excell5ce 9 ,si5a1 x 0 liable to decl9e1 bo? f ! usual lot ( ! mo/ auspici\s eras1 to :i* an age ( s]vile imitation1 & ( hurri$ execution1 g5]ally succe$s1 & also f ! t]rible plague :i*1 9 #acdh1 desolat$ ,italy & ,europe2 sweep+ (f di/+ui%$ ma/]s & pupils 9 e s*ool4 ,si5a1 h[ev]1 did n lose h] ,lor5zetti1 :o con/itut$ h] ornam5t = sev]al ye>s2 b if h] population at "o "t equall$ #ge1jjj1 x 0 aft]w>ds greatly dim9i%$4 ,%e c\ld1 h[ev]1 /ill vie 9 ! numb] ( h] arti/s ) ,flor5ce itself4 ,?is cle>ly appe>s f ,! ,/atutes ( ! ,pa9t]s ( ,si5a1#bfh publi%$ by ,p4 della ,valle1 9 8 fir/ volume1 lett] sixte54 ,!y are drawn up ) ! *>act]i/ic simplicity1 cle>ness1 & precision ( ! ?irte5? c5tury2 & are a v admirable body ( regulations = ! due propriety & direction ( arti/s1 & = ! hon\r ( ! art4 ,we c disc]n t ?is society consi/$ ( cultivat$ & well educat$ p]sons2 & x does n excite a/oni%m5t to f9d t1 democratic 9 gov]nm5t z ,si5a !n 01 ! highe/ magi/rates ( ! republic 7 sometimes elect$ f among ! pr(essors ( ! art4 ,!y =m$ a body-corporate2 n m]ely a frat]nity1 nor an academy ( design2 & receiv$ _! *>t]1 n f ! bi%op b f ! city1 or ! republic 9 #acee4 ,"s h conjectur$ t ^? /atutes are z old z ! prec$+ c5tury2 & t !y 7 translat$ into ,italian f ! ,lat9 ab\t #abia3 = ,tizio in=ms u t1 9 ?is ye>1 ,/atuta mat]na l+ua edita sunt ad ambiguitates toll5das4 ,b ,tizio mu/ h meant ! /atutes conc]n+ wool1 & o!rs !n exi/+2 & ^? ( ! arti/s may h be5 fram$ at a subsequ5t p]iod4 ,inde$1 ! mann] 9 :i* !y are drawn up1 )\t a ref]5ce to prec$+ ord9ances1 indicates a fir/ edition4 ,if !re 7 /atutes publi%$ 9 ! vulg> tongue 9 #abia1 :y 0 ! sanction ( ! law def]r$ = #ff ye>s8 or :y are ! new n di/+ui%$ f ! old1 z is usual 9 simil> codes8 ,9 ! code to :i* ,i ref]1 ! names ( a great numb] ( arti/s are inscrib$1 :o liv$ aft] #acej & at ! beg9n+ ( ! next c5tury4 ,) ! exception ( a few :o m]it "s consid]ation ,i %all pass !m ov] 9 sil5ce z ,i did 9 ! ,flor5t9e s*ool4 ,i f9d among !m ,&rea di ,guido1#bfi ,jacomo di ,frate ,m9o1 & ,galgano di ,mae/ro ,m9uccio2 & ,i br+ ^! =w>d to confirm :at ,i h be=e obs]v$1 t pa9t]s ( ! same "n h introduc$ confusion into ! hi/ory ( ?is s*ool4 ,i also f9d !re ,n4 ,t$esco1 ,vann9o da ,p]ugia1 ,lazz>o da ,orvieto1 ,niccolo da ,norcia1 ,antonio da ,pi/oia1 & o!r =eign arti/s3 !nce ,i inf] t ,si5a1 l a univ]sity = pa9t+1 _h furni%$ ma/]s to v>i\s cities ( ,italy1 & o!r c\ntries4 ,we "h meet ) "s pa9t]s ( :om !re /ill rema9s "s trace 9 hi/ory1 or 9 ! inscriptions on pictures4 ,m>t9o di ,b>tolommeo is ! arti/ :o1 9 #adje1 pa9t$ ! ,translation ( ! ,body ( ,s4 ,cresc5tius at ! ca!dral1 & ( :om a /ill bett] picture rema9s at ,s4 ,antonio ,abate4 ,8 family "n br+s to m9d ,b>tolommeo ,bolongh9o1 or ,bolg>9o1 m5tion$ by ,vas>i z ! be/ pupil ( ,pietro ,laurati1 & ! pa9t] ( "s excell5t pictures 9 ,si5a1 & o!r p>ts ( ,italy4 ,he 0 a man ( rank1 & obta9$ ! hon\r ( ! magi/racy4 ,&rea di ,vanni is und\bt$ly ! pa9t] ( ! ,s4 ,seba/ian 9 ! conv5t ( ,s4 ,m>t91 & ( ! ,madonna surr\nd$ by sa9ts 9 t ( ,s4 ,francis2 an arti/ n unkn[n beyond ! limits ( 8 native c\ntry1 especially 9 ,naples1 :]e he pa9t$ be=e #acgc4 ,he 0 likewise employ$ 9 public embassies1 &1 l ano!r ,rub5s1 0 a magi/rate1 & ambassador ( ! republic to ! ,pope3 & 0 honor$ by ,s4 ,ca!r9e ( ,si5a1 :o1 9 "o ( h] lett]s1 gives him "s excell5t advice on ! subject ( gov]nm5t4 ,ab\t ! ye> #acgj fl\ri%$ ,b]na1 7i4 e4 ,b]n>do7 da ,si5a1 ( :om ,vas>i says1 t he 0 ! fir/ :o pa9t$ animals correctly2 & at ! same "t all[s him no common m]it 9 ! human figure1 especially 9 :at reg>ds expression4 ,"o ( 8 frescos rema9s 9 ! p>i% *ur* ( ,arezzo1 m praisewor?y on acc\nt ( ! extremities1 9 :i* he 0 sup]ior to _m ( t age1 ?an = ! drap]y or ! col\r+1 9 :i* _m arti/s surpass$ him4 ,he di$ 9 ! prime ( life1 ab\t ! ye> #achj1 at ,s4 ,gimignano1 aft] hav+ made consid]able progress 9 a copi\s "w1 consi/+ ( "s subjects f sacr$ hi/ory1 t /ill rema9s 9 t p>i% *ur*4 ,! "w 0 cont9u$ ) a sup]ior col\r+1 b ) a less pure design1 by ,giovanni d',asciano1 :o is 8 reput$ s*ol>4 ,! :ole /ill exi/s1 & ?irte5 ( ! pictures1 or p]haps m1 are ! "w ( ! s*ol> :o ex]cis$ 8 art at ,flor5ce1 "u ! protection ( ! ,m$icean family1 mu* respect$ by 8 fell[ arti/s4 ,z ^? two pa9t]s liv$ long abroad1 ,i f9d no m5tion ( !m 9 ! catalogue j quot$4 ,!re is a well execut$ alt>-piece 9 ,v5ice1 ) ! "n ,b]n>d9us de ,s5is4 ,"s ( 8 pictures h be5 discov]$ 9 ! diocese ( ,si5a1 by ! ,ar*bi%op ,zondad>i1 :o has =m$ a good collection ( anci5t pictures ( ! ,si5ese s*ool4 ,9 ^! pictures ,b]na appe>s to be a pretty good col\ri/1 a tal5t :i* he does n display 9 8 frescos4 ,luca di ,tome1 ano!r s*ol> ( ,b]na1 notic$ by ,vas>i1 is !re m5tion$4 ,"o ( 8 ,holy ,families rema9s at ,s4 ,quirico1 9 ! conv5t ( ! ,capu*9s1 & be>s ! date ( #acfg4 ,x has n suffici5t s(tness1 b 9 o!r respects is v reputable4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 n only individual pa9t]s1 b :ole families ( arti/s _h multipli$1 9 :i* ! art = a long s]ies ( ye>s desc5d$ f fa!r to son4 ,?is circum/ance contribut$ greatly to ! progress ( pa9t+3 = ! ma/]1 :o is likewise ! fa!r1 tea*es )\t any feel+ ( jeal\sy1 & g5]ally aims at =m+ a pupil sup]ior to himself4 ,! family ( ! ,fr$i1 or ! ,b>toli1 became celebrat$ beyond all ! re/4 ,! reputation ( ,taddeo1 :o began to be di/+ui%$ 9 ! f\rte5? c5tury1 rose v high4 ,9 ! records he is /yl$ ,?addaeus magi/ri ,b>?oli magi/ri ,fr$i1#bgj f 8 fa!r#bga & gr&fa!r1 arti/s ( "s "n4 ,by him1 z ! be/ ma/] ( ! age1 says ,vas>i1 ! *apel ( ! public palace 0 pa9t$1 :]e "s hi/orical pieces repres5t+ our ,lady1 are yet to be se52 & 9 #adad he ornam5t$ ! adjo9+ hall4 ,besides "s pictures f sacr$ hi/ory1 he !re =m$1 z x 71 a gall]y ( illu/ri\s m51 *iefly republicans2 & = ! edification ( ! citiz5s1 add$ "s ,lat9 & ,italian v]ses2 a mode ( in/ruction v lib]ally employ$ 9 ?is s*ool4 ,! *ief m]it ( ! "w lies 9 ! dignity & orig9ality ( its inv5tion1 :i* 0 aft]w>ds imitat$ 9 "p by ,pietro ,p]ug9o1 9 ! hall ( ! ,ex*ange1 at ,p]ugia4 ,! portraits are ideal2 !y are dress$ 9 ! co/ume ( ,si5a1 ev5 :5 !y repres5t ,romans & ,grecians1 & _! attitudes are n happy4 ,8 pictures at ,pisa & 9 ,volt]ra1 m5tion$ by ,vas>i1 /ill exi/2 & t ( ! ,ar5a 9 ,padua1 9 ! tribune ( ! *ur*1 is well pres]v$4 ,9 x we discov] practical skill1 little v>iety1 & less grace 9 ! heads1 feeble t9ts1 & imitations ( ,giotto1 t lose _! value on a comp>ison ) ! orig9al4 ,"s ( 8 small pictures d him great] hon\r2 & 9 !m an imitation ( ,ambrogio1 8 great prototype1 is conspicu\s1 & also ! subdu$ b agreeable col\r+ ( ?is s*ool2 :i*1 l all ! o!rs 9 ,italy1 excell$ ab\t ?is p]iod m 9 small ?an 9 l>ge proportions4 ,! mann] ( ,taddeo 0 fir/ pursu$ & aft]w>ds meliorat$1 & greatly aggr&iz$ by ,dom5ico ,b>toli1 8 nephew & disciple4 ,=eign connoisseurs behold ) delight ! v>i\s fresco pictures :i* he pa9t$ 9 ! pilgrim's w>d ( ! hospital1 repres5t+ ! circum/ances ( its f\ndation1 & ! ex]cises ( *ri/ian *>ity be/[$ ^u ! sick1 ! dy+1 & ! indig5t4 ,on comp>+ ^!1 "o ) ano!r1 ! arti/ displays consid]able improvem5t1 & a great] fre$om ?an usual f ! old dryness3 8 design & p]spective are bett]1 8 compositions m sci5tific2 )\t tak+ into acc\nt ! ri*ness & v>iety ( ideas1 :i* he has 9 common ) ! arti/s ( ?is s*ool4 ,f ^? pictures ,raffaello & ,p9turic*io1 :ile pa9t+ at ,si5a1 took _m ( _! notions ( national co/ume1 &1 p]haps1 ( "s o!r p>ticul>s3 = x is *>act]i/ic ( great m9ds to d]ive advantage ev5 f examples n above m$iocrity4 ,?us ! art 0 gradually advanc+ 9 ! republic1 :5 new opportunities 7 af=d$ = produc+ works on a gr& scale2 occasions 9 :i* g5ius is develop$ & invigorat$4 ,si5a gave ,pius ,,ii4 to ! *air ( ,s4 ,pet]1 :o1 to ! mo/ ard5t love ( 8 c\ntry1 unit$ a ta/e = magnific5ce2 & dur+ 8 resid5ce 9 ! city1 x 0 embelli%$ ) ar*itecture1 & e k9d ( ornam5t4 ,he w\ld h be5 /ill m pr(use1 _h he n1 disgu/$ ) ! +ratitude ( ! p1 turn$ 8 att5tion & b5efic5ce to ,rome4 ,among o!r advantages he conf]r$ on ! /ate ( ,si5a1 0 t ( add+ to its t]ritory ! city ( ,corsignano1 8 native place2 :i* f him 0 aft]w>ds call$ ,pi5za4 ,! new city receiv$ f him ano!r =m1 & new edifices1 among :i* 0 ! ca!dral4 ,x 0 erect$ 9 #adfb1 & = its decoration he invit$ ! be/ arti/s ( ,si5a1 ,ansano & ,lor5zo di ,pietro1 ,giovanni di ,paolo1 & ,matteo 8 son4 ,_! /yle 0 labori\s & m9ute2 ! univ]sal "* ( t age3 = ! mann] ( pa9t+ 0 introduc$ & transf]r$ f "o c\ntry into ano!r1 )\t our be+ able to discov] :]e x orig9at$2 b 9 ! arts dep5d+ on design1 z we h be=e rem>k$1 :5 ! pa? is once op5$1 ! natural g5ius ( ea* s*ool w regulate its fur!r progress4 ,^! f\r arti/s are m5tion$ 9 ! catalogue ( ,si5ese arti/s2 & ,ansano1 or ,sano1 at "o "t enjoy$ ! highe/ reputation4 ,ab\t #adbb he _h pa9t$ ! beautiful fresco :i* /ill rema9s ov] ! ,roman gate2 & :i* repres5ts ! ,coronation ( ! ,virg93 x is mu* 9 ! /yle ( ,simone1 & 9 "s respects x surpasses him4 ,a picture by ?is arti/ ( inf]ior m]it rema9s 9 ! *ur* ( ,pi5za4 ,lor5zo di ,pietro1 surnam$ ,il ,vec*ietta1 0 em95t 9 sculpture & 9 ca/+ 9 bronze2 & he is notic$ by ,vas>i4 ,he 0 less successful 9 pa9t+1 & (f5ds by h>dness1 z f> z we c det]m9e f ! small rema9s ( him 9 ,si5a1 = !re are none exi/+ at ,pi5za4 ,a picture ( 81 ) ! date #adeg1 0 lately add$ to ! ,m$icean gall]y4 ,giovanni di ,paolo makes a good figure 9 ,pi5za2 & a /ill bett] 9 a ,desc5t f ! ,cross1 pa9t$ f\r ye>s aft]w>ds 9 ! ,oss]vanza ( ,si5a2 9 :i* ! defects ( ! age are c\nt]balanc$ by qualities1 at t "t by no means common1 display+ a consid]able k ( ! nak$ figure4 ,matteo di ,giovanni 0 !n "y1 b surpass$ !m all 9 ! ext5t ( 8 g5ius4 ,?is is ! ,matteo d5om9at$ by "s ! ,masaccio ( ?is s*ool1 al?\gh !re is a great di/ance betwe5 him & ! ,flor5t9e ,masaccio4 ,! new /yle ( ,matteo beg9s to be recogniz$ 9 "o ( 8 two pictures 9 ! ca!dral4 ,he aft]w>ds improv$ x 9 8 works 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,dom5ico1 at ,si5a1 9 ,madonna della ,neve1 & 9 "s o!r *ur*es2 & x 0 he :o fir/ excit$ ! ,neapolitan s*ool to attempt a less antiquat$ /yle4 ,hav+ le>nt ! process ( pa9t+ 9 oil1 he imp>t$ suffici5t s(tness to 8 figures2 & f 8 intimacy ) ,francesco di ,giorgio1 a celebrat$ ar*itect1#bgb he imbib$ a good ta/e 9 build+s1 & div]sifi$ !m v +5i\sly ) alto & basso-relievos4 ,he =e%ort5$ level objects well2 he ca/ drap]ies ) m ( nature1 & ) less fripp]y ?an 0 common 9 t age2 if he imp>t$ little beauty to ! features1 he atta9$1 at lea/1 v>iety ( expression2 & 0 suffici5tly att5tive 9 m>k+ ! muscles & ve9s 9 8 figures4 ,he did n always aim at novelty & display 9 8 inv5tion2 on ! contr>y1 aft] pa9t+ a ,murd] ( ! ,innoc5ts1 :i* 0 8 be/ composition1#bgc he (t5 repeat$ x 9 ,si5a1 & 9 ,naples1 b always ) improvem5ts3 8 mo/ /udi\s picture on ?is subject is t at ! ,s]vi ( ,si5a1 pa9t$ 9 #adia1 :i* mu/ h be5 ne> ! close ( 8 life4 ,he 0 accu/om$ to introduce into 8 pictures "s episode1 unconnect$ ) ! pr9cipal /ory1 9 small figures1 a /yle 9 :i* he excell$4 ,! noble h\se ( ,sozz9i & "s o!r families 9 ,si5a1 possess sev]al ( 8 small pictures4 ,z an arti/1 he is inf]ior to ,bell9i1 to ,francia1 or ,vannucci2 b surpasses _m o!rs4 ,ano!r em95t ,si5ese1 :o fl\ri%$ 9 ! fir/ ages ( oil pa9t+1 is made kn[n to u by ,ciriaco ,anconitano1#bgd :o 0 acqua9t$ ) him 9 #addi1 at ! c\rt ( ,leonello1 ,m>quis ( ,e/e4 ,?is arti/ 0 nam$ ,angelo ,p>rasio3 he pa9t$ ! n9e muses 9 ! palace ( ,belfiore1 ne> ,f]r>a1 9 imitation ( ! mann] ( ,giovanni & ,ruggi]i da ,bruggia4 ,footnote #bdg3 ,see ,lett]e ,sanesi1 tom4 ii4 let4 #bc1 address$ to ! au?or ( ?is "w4 ,footnote #bdh3 ,see ,lett4 ,s54 tom4 ii4 p4 #bc1 et sequ5t4 ,footnote #bdi3 ,9 reg>d to ^! docum5ts ! public is mu* indebt$ to ! ,abate ,ciac*]i1 ! le>n$ libr>ian ( ! city1 :o employ$ himself = _m ye>s 9 collect+ !m2 b 8 eyes fail+ him1 x became necess>y t o!rs %\ld publi% !m3 ! excell5t hi/orian has frequ5tly made m5tion ( him4 ,footnote #bej3 ,! "w 0 publi%$ by ,trombelli1 at ,bologna1 9 #agff4 ,della ,valle1 tom4 i4 p4 #bgh4 ,:at he adds1 t ?is v ,od]ico may be ! ,od]igi da ,gubbio1 notic$ by ,dante 9 ! xi? canto ( 8 ,purgatorio1 ought n to be admitt$4 ,dante might1 = ! sake ( rhyme1 *ange ,od]ico into ,od]igi2 b he has said1 9 ! middle ( ! v]se1 t ! celebrat$ m9iature pa9t] 0 a native ( ,gubbio4 ,moreov]1 ! latt]1 :o di$ ab\t #acjj1 c\ld n h pa9t$ 9 #abac4 ,footnote #bea3 ,see ,della ,valle1 tom4 ii4 p4 #bgc4 ,footnote #beb3 ,?is is an ,annunciation1 ) ! foll[+ v]se3 ,virgo p>it ,*ri/um velut ,angelus intimat ipso4 ,! error 9 ! la/ ^w /&s on ! picture4 ,footnote #bec3 ,h>d by ! ca!dral ( t city !re are two lions1 on "o ( :i*1 9 a mixture ( ,greek & ,lat9 *>act]s1 is writt51 ,mahi/] ,?exde fevit 7fecit7 fevit fi]i ambos i/os4 ,footnote #bed3 ,see ,lett]e ,sanesi1 tom4 i4 p4 #bdc4 ,footnote #bee3 ,tom4 ii4 p4 #ae4 ,footnote #bef3 ,p4 #bhh4 ,footnote #beg3 ,see ,lett4 ,s54 tom4 ii4 p4 #bgf4 ,footnote #beh3 ,vig9tiqu9que ,*ri/i cum mille duc5tis1 c4 ,vide ,piac5za1 tom4 i4 p4 #gj4 ,bald9ucci 0 extremely dilig5t 9 8 rese>* ( epo*s2 b he took c>e n to m5tion ?is1 inasmu* z x ov]turn$ 8 sy/em4 ,footnote #bei3 ,hi/ory only gives him "s assi/ants 9 mosaic2 at ,pisa ,tafi & ,gaddo ,gaddi2 at ,rome1 9 ,s4 ,m>ia ,maggiore1 a ,franciscan monk1 :o !re execut$ a portrait ( himself1 & inscrib$ 8 "n1 t is n[ illegible1 & 8 native place1 :i* 0 ,cam]9o4 ,"o ,f4 ,giacomo da ,cam]9o pa9t$ 9 ! ca!dral ( ,orvieto 9 #acba1 & x is probable t ?is is ! same arti/4 ,footnote #bfj3 ,see ante1 p4 #ad4 ,footnote #bfa3 ,see ,lett4 ,s54 p4 #bgi4 ,footnote #bfb3 ,lett4 ,s54 tom4 i4 p4 #bgg4 ,footnote #bfc3 ,ibid4 tom4 ii4 p4 #fi4 ,footnote #bfd3 ,m>t9o 0 ! fa!r ( ,simone2 ,memmo or ,guglielmo 8 fa!r-9-law2 & 9 ! inscriptions on 8 pictures he sometimes assumes ! "o "n1 & sometimes ! o!r4 ,b5vogli5ti4 ,footnote #bfe3 ,i conjecture ?is on ! au?ority ( ,vas>i1 :o says1 t he di$ 9 #acde1 at ! age ( #fj4 ,9 ! g5u9e books at ,s4 ,dom5ico1 ( ,si5a1 we f9d ?is s5t5ce ,magi/] ,simon ,m>t9i pictor mortuus e/ 9 curia2 cujus exequias fecimus 444 #acdd4 ,s9ce ,vas>i approa*es s ne> ! tru? 9 ! "t ( ! pa9t]'s dea?1 we may reasonably cr$it him also 9 8 age4 ,manc9i says he 0 born ab\t #abgj2 :i* gives occasion = ,p4 della ,valle to m5tion ,simone z a contempor>y1 & a competitor ( ,giotto at ,rome4 ,i _c agree ) him on ?is date1 & ! in=mation drawn by him f books belong+ to ! ,si5ese hospital1 t ,simone 0 9 ,si5a 9 #acdd1 only a few mon?s be=e 8 dea?1 at ! c\rt ( ! ,pope at ,avignon1 /r5g!ns my op9ion4 ,i _c believe t an old man ( sev5ty-f\r w\ld transf] 8 resid5ce f ,si5a to ,avignon4 ,if we cr$it ,vas>i ! difficulty vani%es1 inasmu* z ,simone1 be+ !n sc>cely sixty1 might be equal to und]take s long a j\rney4 ,footnote #bff3 ,see ,lett4 ,s5esi1 tom4 ii4 p4 #aja4 ,footnote #bfg3 ,!re is on x ,a4 ,d4 #accc1 ,simon ,m>t9i et ,lippus ,memmi de ,s5is me p9x]unt4 ,x is n[ 9 ! ducal gall]y at ,flor5ce4 ,x may be rem>k$ on ! *ronology ( ?is pa9t]1 t :]e we f9d n ,memmi b only ,lippo or ,filippo1 x does n always seem int5d$ = him4 ,?us ! ,m4 ,filippo1 :o receiv$ a sum ( money 9 #acjh1 & t ,lippo1 :o1 9 #acfa1 is said to be ! assi/ant ( ano!r arti/1 7,lett4 ,s54 tom4 ii4 p4 #aaj71 mo/ probably are n to be id5tifi$ ) ,memmi4 ,he 0 y\ng] ?an 8 relation1 & accord+ to ,vas>i1 surviv$ him #ad ye>s4 ,footnote #bfh3 ,/atuti dell' arte de' ,pittori ,s5esi4 ,footnote #bfi3 ,?is ,guido da ,si5a is1 p]haps1 ! "o m5tion$ by ,sac*etti 9 8 eighty-f\r? tale1 & ( :om !re rema9s a picture 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,antonio1 pa9t$ 9 #acfb4 ,bald9ucci4 ,footnote #bgj3 ,manfr$i4 ,footnote #bga3 ,9 ! p>i% *ur* ( ,s4 ,gimignano is an hi/orical fresco ( ?is arti/1 dat$ #acef1 & 9 t ( ,s4 ,ago/9o1 a pa9t+ 9 a mu* bett] /yle1 accord+ to ,vas>i1 execut$ 9 #achh1 :i* date ,p4 della ,valle gives z #aceh4 ,footnote #bgb3 ,he 0 a good sculptor2 &1 accord+ to ! cu/om ( ! "t ( unit+ ! ?ree si/] arts1 he also practis$ pa9t+1 b n ) great success4 ,i h n se5 any ( 8 pictures b a ,nativity1 9 :i* he *iefly appe>s emul\s ( ,mantegna4 ,x is 9 ! possession ( ,sig4 ,abate ,ciac*]i1 ^: collection w greatly assi/ any "o desir\s ( becom+ acqua9t$ ) ?is s*ool4 ,footnote #bgc3 ,an engrav+ ( x is 9 ! ?ird volume ( ,lett]e ,sanesi4 ,footnote #bgd3 ,9 ! fragm5t ( a lett]1 quot$ by ,sig4 ,abate ,colucci 9 ,anti*ita ,pic5e1 tom4 xv4 p4 #adc4 ,cujus nempe inclytae artis et eximii artificum +5ii egregium equidem imitatorem ,angelum ,p>rasium ,s55sem1 rec5s picturae 9 ,latio specim5 vidimus1 c4 ,,si5ese ,,s*ool4 ,,epo* ,,ii4 ,=eign ,pa9t]s at ,si5a4 ,! orig9 & progress ( ! mod]n /yle 9 t city4 ,be=e ?is era we h met ) no /rang]s :o _h taught pa9t+1 or _h *ang$ ! mann] ( ?is s*ool4 ,! art _h !re exi/$ = ?ree c5turies1 always1 or almo/ always1#bge "u ! guidance ( native pa9t]s2 & x _h ev5 be5 provid$ by ! /atutes ( ! art1 t no =eign] might be enc\rag$ to practise x at ,si5a4 ,9 "o *apt] x is enact$1 t any /rang]1 wi%+ to be employ$1 %all pay a flor92 & else:]e1 t he may receive a j & suffici5t recomp5se to ! ext5t ( tw5ty-five livres4 ,! provision 0 subtle3 on ! "o h& !y did n1 ) a m>k$ inhospitality1 positively exclude /rang]s2 b1 on ! o!r1 !y depriv$ !m ( any *ance ( rivall+ ! arti/s ( ! city 9 employm5t at ,si5a4 ,h5ce x came to pass1 accord+ to ,p4 della ,valle1 t no pictures ( o!r s*ools1 b ^? ( a late p]iod1 are to be f\nd !re4 ,b ?is circum/ance1 ?\gh fav\rable to ! arti/1 01 9 no small degree1 detrim5tal to ! art3 = ! s*ool ( ,si5a1 by admitt+ /rang]s1 w\ld h swell$ ! li/ ( h] great ma/]s2 & %e might h kept pace ) o!r s*ools2 b ?is %e neglect$1 &1 aft] hav+ vi$ ) ! ,flor5t9e s*ool 9 pa9t+1 & ev5 surpass$ x = "s ye>s1 t[>ds ! close ( ! fifte5? c5tury ,si5a c\ld n1 p]haps1 boa/ ( a bett] arti/ ?an ,capanna1 :o execut$ "s facades f ! designs ( o!rs2#bgf or ?an ,&rea del ,brescian9o1 :o1 9 conjunction ) "o ( 8 bro!rs1 is said to h pa9t$ "s pictures1 ) :i* ,i am unacqua9t$1 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,olivet9e ,fri>s4 ,!y h be5 m comm5d$ by hi/orians ?an ,b]n>d9o ,fungai1 an arti/ ^: /yle 0 mod]niz$1 b dry1#bgg ?an ,n]occio1 or any o!r ,si5ese pa9t] ( t p]iod2 b !y c\ld n be comp>$ to ! be/ ma/]s ( ,italy4 ,! nobility p]ceiv$ ! decl9e ( ! native s*ool1 & ! necessity ( support+ x by ! accession ( =eign arti/s2 !y wi%$ = su* assi/ance1 to ! dissatisfaction1 probably1 ( ! populace1 e :]e apt to cont5d t ! prov5d] ( ! l& %\ld r fe$ ! native bea/ ( burd5 ?an ! =eign /e$4 ,! ,flor5t9e /yle ( pa9t+ f\nd its way to ,rome2 b anci5t rivalry & political jeal\sy prev5t$ its introduction into ,si5a4 ,p]ugia seem$ a less objectionable ally2 & f t place1 fir/ ,bonfigli1 & aft]w>ds 8 s*ol> ,pietro ,p]ug9o1 :o execut$ two pictures at ,si5a1 7 invit$2 & at l5g? sev]al s*ol>s also ( ! latt] 7 call$1 :o long rema9$ 9 ! s]vice ( two celebrat$ natives ( ,si5a4 ,! "o 0 ,c>d9al ,francesco ,piccolom9i1 :o soon aft] became ,pius ,,iii4 ,= ! purpose ( decorat+ ! sacri/y ( ! ca!dral1 & ! *apel ( 8 family1 ) v>i\s pictures f ! life ( ,pius ,,ii4 he invit$ ,p9turic*io to ,si5a1 & ?is arti/ c>ri$ along ) him o!r s*ol>s ( ,p]ug9o1 & ev5 ,raffaello himself1 :o is report$ to h design$ ei!r :olly1 or 9 a great measure1 ^? hi/orical pictures4 ,! o!r 0 ,p&olfo ,petrucci1 :o1 = "s "t1 usurp$ ! gov]nm5t ( ! republic3 eag]ly desir\s ( embelli%+ ! palace & "s *ur*es1 he avail$ himself ( ,signorelli1 & ( ,g5ga1#bgh & recall$ ,p9turic*io4 ,?is pass$ at ! beg9n+ ( ! sixte5? c5tury2 = ! sacri/y 0 complet$ 9 #aejc2 ! return ( ,p9turic*io took place 9 #aejh2 &1 aft] a %ort int]val1 x appe>s t ,g5ga1 ! s*ol> ( ,p]ug9o1 & ,signorelli1 came to ,si5a4 ,f t p]iod1 ! ,si5ese s*ool began to assume ! mod]n /yle2 & design1 a full tone ( col\r+1 & p]spective1 all atta9$ p]fection 9 a few ye>s4 ,_h ,si5a produc$ a family equal to ! ,m$icean 9 ta/e1 p[]1 & a disposition to enc\rage ! f9e arts1 :at might x n h atta9$6 ,si5a ab\t ?is "t c\ld boa/ ( f\r m5 ( tal5ts admirably adapt$ to produce a great revolution 9 ! art1 & ^! 7 ,pac*i>otto1 ,razzi1 ,me*]9o1 & ,p]uzzi1 all ( :om 7) ! exception ( ,razzi71 ,bald9ucci1 = "s reason unkn[n to me1 has d]iv$ f ! s*ool ( ,raffaello4 ,! works ( ,raffaello1 !n a "y man1 & ( o!r =eign arti/s1 f> f repress+ _! _s1 awak5$ 9 !m an hon\rable emulation4 ,:oev] comp>es ! pictures ( ,matteo ) _! works1 w\ld conclude t _m ye>s _h int]v5$2 yet !y 7 all liv+ at ! dea? ( ,matteo4 ,we n[ come to ! bright era ( ! s*ool ( ,si5a2 & to ! consid]ation ( its mo/ em95t ma/]s4 ,jacopo ,pac*i>otto#bgi foll[$ ! mann] ( ,pietro m closely ?an any ( !m1 al?\gh he 0 n 8 s*ol>1 &1 p]haps1 _h n be5 out ( ,si5a be=e #aece4 ,9 t ye> !re happ5$ an insurrection ( ! p aga9/ ! gov]nm5t ( t city1 9 :i* he 0 a r+lead]1 & w\ld h suff]$ an ignom9i\s dea?1 _h he n be5 sav$ by ! ,oss]vant9e fa!rs1 :o conceal$ him = "s "t )9 a tomb4 ,f !nce he secretly )drew to ,france1 :]e he assi/$ ,rosso1 & is suppos$ to h di$4 ,si5a possesses sev]al ( 8 cab9et pictures & alt>-pieces1 9 ! /yle ( ,p]ug9o2 especially a v beautiful "o 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,*ri/oph]4 ,9 8 frescos1 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,ca!r9e & ( ,s4 ,b]n>d9o1 :]e he emulat$ ! able/ arti/s ( ,si5a1 he appe>s great 9 composition4 ,! mo/ admir$ is ! copi\s picture repres5t+ ! ,visit ( ! ,virg91 ,s4 ,ca!r9e1 to ! body ( ,s4 ,agnes ( ,montepulciano3 ! o!rs are execut$ 9 a simil> ta/e4 ,he unque/ionably appe>s to h /udi$ ,raffaello ) ! greate/ c>e2 & !re are heads & :ole figures s lively1 & ) su* a grace 9 ! features1 t1 to "s connoisseurs1 !y seem to possess ! ideal beauty ( t great arti/4 ,nev]!less1 ,pac*i>otto is almo/ unkn[n beyond ! limits ( 8 native place1 = he is only incid5tally m5tion$ by ,vas>i2 & 8 works h pass$ "u ! "n ( ,p]ug9o1 or ( 8 s*ool4 ,giannantonio ,razzi1 surnam$ ,il ,sodoma1 und\bt$ly enjoy$ ! citiz5%ip ( ,si5a2 b x is disput$ :e!r he 0 born at ,v]gelle1 a ,si5ese village1 or at ,v]celli1 9 ,pi$mont4 ,vas>i expressly /ates1 t he 0 invit$ to ,si5a by "s ( ! noble family ( ,spannoc*i1 & t he 0 a native ( ,v]celli2 9 :i* op9ion he is support$ by ,tizio1 ,giovio1 ,manc9i1 & all :o wrote be=e ,ugurgi]i4 ,i am confirm$ 9 x by obs]v+ 8 c>nations1 8 /yle ( *i>oscuro1 & o!r peculi>ities ( ! old s*ool ( ,milan1 & ( ,giov5one1 :o fl\ri%$ at ,v]celli 9 ! e>ly ye>s ( ,razzi2 & ( ?is /yle !re appe>s to me traces 9 ! works ( ,gio4 ,antonio2 especially 9 ^? he execut$ %ortly aft] he _h left 8 ma/]4 ,i h n obs]v$ ! hi/orical pictures ( ,s4 ,b5$ict1 :i* he pa9t$ at ,monte ,oliveto ab\t #aejb1 & are s ably describ$ by ,sig4 ,giulio ,p]9i1 secret>y to ! academy ( ,flor5ce4 ,i h se5 ^? he execut$ at ,rome 9 ! pontificate ( ,julius ,,ii4 ,he pa9t$ sev]al 9 ! ,vatican1 t 7 defac$1 because !y did n satisfy ! ,pope4 ,raffaello sub/itut$ o!r pictures1 b sp>$ ! grotesques4 ,razzi aft]w>ds execut$ "s pictures f ! life ( ,alex&] ! ,great1 9 ! ,*igi1 n[ ! ,f>nese palace4 ,! nuptials ( ,roxana1 & ! suppliant family ( ,d>ius1 are ! be/ ( !m4 ,!y d n exhibit ! facility1 grace1 & dignifi$ heads1 t *>act]ize ! /yle ( ,v9ci2 b !y %ew mu* ( 8 *i>oscuro1 :i* 0 !n greatly foll[$ by ! ,lomb>ds3 p]spective1 _! h]$it>y attribute1 is !re conspicu\s2 !y ab\nd 9 gay images1 9 little ,cupids ) _! arr[s1 & a pomp t is captivat+4 ,8 works 9 ,si5a1 ! fruit ( 8 /udies 9 ,rome1 & ( 8 mature age1 are /ill sup]ior4 ,! ,epiphany1 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,augu/9o1 appe>$ :olly 9 ! /yle ( ,v9ci to an em95t =eign connoisseur1 :o m5tion$ x to me ) rapture4 ,! ,flagellation ( ,*ri/1 9 ! cloi/] ( ,s4 ,francis1 is pref]r$ to ! figures ( ,mi*elangiolo by ^? :o are reckon$ judges ( ! art3 _! unanim\s op9ion seems to be t ,razzi nev] produc$ a f9] picture4 ,"s ?9k z highly ( 8 ,s4 ,seba/ian1 n[ 9 ! ducal gall]y1 :i* is suppos$ to h be5 copi$ f an antique ,torso4 ,! ,swoon ( ,s4 ,ca!r9e ( ,si5a1 :i* he pa9t$ 9 fresco 9 a *apel ( ,s4 ,dom5ico1 is a picture 9 ! mann] ( ,raffaello4 ,p]uzzi greatly admir$ x1 & affirm$ t he _h nev] se5 a swoon s naturally repres5t$4 ,! air & v>i$ expression 9 ! heads ( 8 picture1 h[ev]1 are n borr[$ f any arti/1 & on ?is acc\nt he seems to h extort$ ! applause ev5 ( ,vas>i4 ,8 models1 z 0 usual ) ! o!r arti/s ( ?is s*ool1 7 select$ f among ! ,si5ese1 ^: heads possess a great degree ( innate gaiety1 op5ness1 & _s4 ,he pa9t$ frequ5tly 9 a hurri$ mann]1 )\t any prep>atory /udy2 especially 9 8 old age1 :5 r$uc$ to pov]ty at ,si5a1 he s\ght = employm5t at ,pisa1 at ,volt]ra1 & at ,lucca3 b 9 all 8 pictures ,i discov] traces ( an able arti/1 :o1 ?\gh c>eless ( excell5ce1 nev] pa9t$ badly4 ,vas>i1 ! great enemy ( 8 fame1 :o g5]ally /yles him ,mattaccio1#bhj has ascrib$ to *ance1 to =tune1 or to fancy1 :atev] he p]=m$ well2 z if 8 usual /yle _h be5 t ( a bad pa9t]4 ,"h ,vas>i betrays a want ( memory2 = he confess$ 9 ! life ( ,me*]9o1 t ,razzi possess$ ! gr& pr9ciple ( design2 9 ano!r passage he has prais$ ! brilliant col\r+ he br\ght ) him out ( ,lomb>dy2 & be=e notic+ ! works ( 8 old age1 he has (t5 pron\nc$ ! o!rs beautiful1 or sometimes mo/ beautiful & wond]ful3 h5ce x may be said ( him1 modo ait1 modo negat4 ,guid$ by public e/imation1 ,giovio has writt5 ( ,razzi 9 a diff]5t mann]1 :5 speak+ ( ! dea? ( ,raffaello1 he subjo9s3 plures p>i p5e gloria c]tantes artem excep]unt1 et 9 8 ,sodomas ,v]cell5sis4#bha ,he :o objects to ! te/imony ( ?is em95t s*ol>1 w receive t ( a celebrat$ pa9t]3 ,annibale ,c>acci1 pass+ ?r\gh ,si5a1 said1 ,razzi appe>s a v em95t ma/] ( ! greate/ ta/e1 & 7speak+ ( 8 be/ works at ,si5a7 few su* pictures are to be se54#bhb ,dur+ ! _m ye>s t ,giannantonio liv$ at ,si5a1 he mu/ h educat$ _m pupils4 ,a few ( !m only are notic$ by ,manc9i 9 "o ( 8 ,fragm5ts2#bhc & ^! are ,ru/ico1 ! fa!r ( ,cri/(ano1 an excell5t pa9t] ( grotesques1 ) :i* he fill$ ,si5a2 ,scalabr9o1 a man ( g5ius1 & a poet2#bhd & ,mi*elangiolo ,anselmi1 or ,mi*elangiol da ,si5a1 a pa9t] claim$ by sev]al places4 ,we %all consid] him 9 ! s*ool ( ,p>ma1 z he left no "w 9 ,si5a1 except a fresco 9 ! *ur* ( ,fonte ,giu/a1 a production ( 8 y\?1 & n wor?y ( s great a "n4 ,a s*ol> ( ,razzi1 !n 8 assi/ant1 & f9ally 8 son-9-law1 0 ,b>tolommeo ,n]oni1 o!rwise call$ ,mae/ro ,riccio1 :o aft] ! dea? ( ! f\r great pill>s ( ! s*ool ( ,si5a1 support$ its reputation = _m ye>s1 & probably educat$ "o ( its re/or]s4 ,he may be recogniz$ at ! ,oss]vanti1 9 a ,crucifixion ) ?ree sa9ts /&+ ar\nd1 & p 9 ! di/ance4 ,b 8 ma/]piece 0 a ,desc5t f ! ,cross1 mu* 9 ! mann] ( ,razzi1 at ! ,d]elitte4 ,"s ( 8 o!r pictures yet rema9 9 ! city1 9 :i* he sometimes appe>s to m+le ! /yle ( 8 fa!r-9-law1 ) a c]ta9 resemblance to ! mann] ( ,vas>i1 9 ! di/ribution ( 8 t9ts4 ,he is kn[n to h be5 v excell5t 9 p]spective1 & p>ticul>ly s 9 pa9t+ sc5]y2 a specim5 ( :i* 0 engrav$ by ,&reani4 ,he 0 also greatly skill$ 9 ar*itecture1 & _h a p5sion f ! magi/rates ( ,lucca = 8 assi/ance 9 _! public works4 ,"s books include among 8 disciples ,anselmi1 :o 0 r 8 k9sman2 & ,arcangiolo ,salimb5i1 :o f9i%$ "s ( 8 works aft] 8 dea?1 & on ?is acc\nt only has be5 suppos$ 8 s*ol>4 ,f him we %all comm5ce a new epo* 9 ?is s*ool4 ,dom5ico ,beccafumi d]iv$ ! surname ( ,me*]9o f a citiz5 ( ,si5a1 :o1 hav+ rem>k$ him :5 a %eph]d boy design+ some?+ on a /one1 augur$ fav\rably ( 8 g5ius2 & obta9+ ! cons5t ( 8 fa!r1 br\ght him to ! city1 & accord+ to ,gigli1 recomm5d$ him to ,capanna z a s*ol>4 ,he !re employ$ himself 9 copy+ ! designs ( em95t arti/s1 & 9 imitat+ ! pictures ( ,pietro ,p]ug9o1 ^: mann] he at fir/ adopt$2 nor did he ev] :olly get rid ( x2 & 8 works 9 ! ca!dral ( ,pisa exhibit a dryness1 ?\gh !y are ! productions ( 8 matur] ye>s4#bhe ,hav+ gone to ,rome 9 ! pontificate ( ,julius ,,ii41 a new sc5e 0 op5$ to him 9 ! specim5s ( anci5t sculpture1 ( :i* he 0 a mo/ s$ul\s design]1 & 9 ! pictures 9 :i* ,mi*elangiolo & ,raffaello _h assay$ _! skill4 ,aft] two ye>s he return$ home1 & !re cont9u+ 8 close att5tion to design1 he f\nd himself /rong en\gh to cont5d ) ,razzi2 &1 if we may cr$it ,vas>i1 ev5 to surpass him4 ,he _h acquir$ skill 9 p]spective1 & 0 f]tile 9 inv5tion z a pa9t]4 ,9 ,si5a1 ,me*]9o is rank$ aft] ,razzi2 & ! _m places :]e !y vi$ ) ea* o!r1 facilitates ! comp>ison to ^? :o are dispos$ to make x4 ,at fir/ he hum\r$ 8 placid disposition by pa9t+ 9 a sweet /yle2 at t "t he made *oice ( beautiful airs = 8 heads2 & v frequ5tly ins]t$ ! portrait ( 8 mi/ress 9 8 pictures4 ,9 ?is /yle is 8 f9e picture at ! *ur* ( ! ,olivet9es ( ,s4 ,b5$ict2 9 :i* he has repres5t$ ! titul> sa9t1 ) ,s4 ,j]ome1 & ! ,virg9 ,s4 ,ca!r9e1 & :]e he has add$ "s circum/ances ( h] life 9 small figures4 ,! la/ annotator on ,vas>i pref]s ?is "w to _m o!r pictures ( ,me*]9o1 & lam5ts1 t1 captivat$ by ! en]gy ( ,bon>ruoti1 he _h deviat$ f 8 orig9al mann]4 ,&1 inde$1 :5 he aspir$ to m vig\r he frequ5tly appe>s co>se 9 8 proportions1 neglig5t 9 8 extremities1 & h>% 9 8 heads4 ,?is defect s increas$ 9 8 old age t 8 heads ( t p]iod appe>$ )\t beauty ev5 to ,vas>i4 ,8 mode ( col\r+ is n ! mo/ true2 = x 0 mann]$ ) a r$di% hue1 :i* is1 h[ev]1 fasc9at+ & *e]ful to ! eye2 x is neat1 cle>1 & ( su* a body t x rema9s on walls at ?is day1 9 ! highe/ pres]vation4 ,a few ( 8 works rema9 9 ,g5oa1 :]e he pa9t$ ! palace ( ,pr9ce ,doria2 !y are n num]\s at ,pisa2 b !y ab\nd 9 8 native place1 bo? 9 public & 9 private4 ,8 m]it 0 great] 9 di/emp] ?an 9 oil col\r+2 & 8 hi/orical frescos d him great] hon\r ?an 8 o!r pa9t+s4 ,8 skill 0 great 9 di/ribut+ !m to suit ! place1 & 9 adapt+ !m to ! ar*itecture2 he ornam5t$ !m ) grotesque decorations 9 su* a mann] t he requir$ n ! aid ( gilt /ucco1 or o!r gaudy trapp+s4 ,^! inv5tions h su* felicity1 t a s+le glance recals ! /ory to ! memory ( "o acqua9t$ ) its circum/ances4 ,he treats 8 subject copi\sly1 ) dignity1 & ) p]fect nature3 he imp>ts gr&eur to x by 8 ar*itectural views1 & elegance by introduc+ ! usages ( antiquity4 ,he peculi>ly delight$ 9 ! m recondite pr9ciples ( ! art1 :i* 7 !n less g5]ally employ$2 z peculi> reflections ( fires & o!r lights2 difficult =e%ort5+s1 especially z appli$ to ceil+s1 :i* 7 !n v r>e 9 l[] ,italy4 ,vas>i has m9utely describ$ 8 figure ( ,ju/ice2 ! feet ( :i* are 9 d>k %ad[1 gradually dim9i%+ to ! %\ld]s1 :i* are inve/$ ) a mo/ brilliant cele/ial light3 ,nor is x possible1 says he1 to imag9e1 mu* less to f9d1 a m beautiful figure 444 among/ all t ev] 7 pa9t$ to appe> =e%ort5$ :5 view$ f bel[4 ,accord+ to ?is v]dict1 ,me*]9o des]ves ! appellation ( ! ,coreggio ( l[] ,italy1 9 ?is v difficult bran* ( pa9t+2 = no mod]n arti/ _h attempt$ s mu* be=e 8 "t4 ,! above m5tion$ figure is pa9t$ on ! vault$ ceil+ ( ! consi/ory ( ! gov]nm5t2 & ! arti/ has arrang$ bel[ x v>i\s oval & squ>e pictures1 ea* repres5t+ "s memorable exploit ( a republican h]o4 ,he pursu$ ! same idea 9 an ap>tm5t 9 ! mansion n[ 9 possession ( ! ,b9di family1 :i* ,p4 della ,valle reckons 8 ma/]piece4 ,! figures resemble ^? 9 ! ,logge ( ,raffaello3 !y are bett] col\r$ ?an ^? 9 ! consi/ory1 & be+ small] are1 on t acc\nt1 bett] design$3 = ! /yle ( ,me*]9o resembles a liquor :i* reta9s its qualities :5 %ut up 9 a phial1 b evaporates & is dissipat$ :5 p\r$ into a l>g] vessel4 ,?is circum/ance1 h[ev]1 0 common to _m o!rs3 8 peculi>ity consi/s 9 :at he communicat$ to ,vas>i2 t1 out ( ! atmosph]e ( ,si5a1 he imag9$ he c\ld n pa9t successfully2 an effect1 accord+ to ,p4 ,guglielmo1 ( ! climate2 :i* w\ld be a happy secret = peopl+ x ) pa9t]s4 ,p]haps x is to be expla9$ by ! great] degree ( quiet & tranquillity t he enjoy$ at home1 9 ! society ( 8 fri5ds1 among a p ready to enc\rage him by praise1 n to *ill him by reproa*1 & surr\nd$ by all ! spectacles & ! lively g5ius ( 8 c\ntry2 objects eag]ly desir$ by ! natives ( ,si5a1 b n easily f\nd 9 o!r places4 ,! /yle ( ,me*]9o1 n[ describ$1 expir$ ) him3 = 8 pupil1 ,giorgio da ,si5a1 became a pa9t] ( grotesques1 & imitat$ ,gio4 da ,ud9e1 bo? 9 8 own c\ntry & at ,rome3 ,giannella1 or ,gio4 da ,si5a1 turn$ 8 att5tion f pa9t+ to ar*itecture2 & ,m>co da ,p9o1 surnam$ also da ,si5a1 unit$ a v>iety ( /yles4 ,baglione1 & ! hi/orians ( ,si5a1 say1 t he 0 !re educat$ by ,beccafumi1 & ,bald9ucci adds1 likewise by ,p]uzzi3 ,p4 della ,valle1 f 8 brilliant col\r+1 d5ies him to !m1 & assigns him to ,razzi4 ,all1 h[ev]1 are agre$ t he obta9$ 8 k pr9cipally f ,rome1 :]e he fir/ pa9t$ f ! c>toons ( ,ricci>elli or ( ,p]9o2 & if we may cr$it ,lomazzo1 0 also in/ruct$ by ,bon>ruoti4 ,we _c readily f9d any ,flor5t9e capable ( foll[+ ! precepts ( ,mi*elangiolo1 )\t o/5tation2 b he acquir$ ! pr9ciples )\t ! affectation ( display+ 8 k4 ,8 mann] is gr&1 select1 & full ( elegance3 x is adduc$ by ,lomazzo z a p]fect model = ! human figure1 & = ! j di/ribution ( ! light accord+ to ! di/ance ( objects2 a dep>tm5t ( ! art 9 :i* he %>es ! glory ) ,v9ci1 ,t9toretto1 & ,b>occio4 ,he pa9t$ little 9 ,si5a except a picture1 ) :i* ,i am n acqua9t$1 9 ! mansion ( ! ,francesconi family2 & few ( 8 works are to be se5 at ,rome1 ) ! exception ( a ,pieta1 9 an alt> ( ,araceli1 & "s frescos 9 ! *ur* ,del ,gonfalone4 ,naples 0 8 field2 & !re he w aga9 appe> z a ma/] & hi/orian ( t s*ool4 ,if conjecture 7 all[able 9 assign+ ma/]s to pa9t]s ( ! old s*ools1 ,i %\ld be incl9$ to reckon ,daniele di ,volt]ra r ! s*ol> ( ,me*]9o1 ?an ( ,razzi or ,p]uzzi4 ,we "k = c]ta9 t he /udi$ at ,si5a 9 e>ly life1 :5 ^? ?ree arti/s kept an op5 academy4 ,p]uzzi 0 :olly a foll[] ( ,raffaello2 ,razzi dislik$ ! ,flor5t9e /yle2 & ,beccafumi alone aspir$ to be e/eem$ a fai?ful imitator ( ,bon>ruoti3 by reg>d+ him1 !re=e1 z ! ma/] ( ,daniele1 we c be/ acc\nt = ! already notic$ pr$ilection ( ! latt] = ! /yle ( ,mi*elangiolo4 ,no arti/ 0 capable ( initiat+ him bett] 9 ! art ( ca/+ 9 bronze ?an ,me*]9o2 or af=d him m frequ5t examples ( t /rong opposition ( bright & sombre col\rs t appe>s 9 "s works ( ,daniele4 ,yet ,i w n dep>t f ! m correct rule :i* =bids u 9 su* d\btful po9ts to dep>t readily f hi/ory3 = ea* pa9t] 0 always free to *oose 8 /yle2 he might be direct$ 9 "o pa? by 8 ma/]1 & drawn a diff]5t way by 8 own g5ius1 or by accid5tal circum/ances4 ,baldass>e ,p]uzzi is "o ( ! num]\s individuals ^: m]it mu/ n be measur$ by _! good =tune4 ,born 9 indig5t circum/ances 9 ! diocese ( ,volt]ra1 b )9 ! t]ritory ( ,si5a1 & ( a ,si5ese fa!r1#bhf he 0 nurtur$ amid difficulties1 & ?r\gh life 0 ! p]petual sport ( mis=tune4 ,reckon$ inf]ior to 8 rivals1 because he 0 z mode/ & timid z !y 7 arrogant & impud5t2 despoil$ ( 8 :ole prop]ty 9 ! sack ( ,rome2 con/ra9$ to exi/ on a m]e pittance at ,si5a1 at ,bologna1 or at ,rome1#bhg he di$ :5 he began to be kn[n1 n )\t suspicion ( be+ poison$1 & ) ! affliction ( leav+ a wife & six *ildr5 almo/ begg>s4 ,8 dea? demon/rat$ to ! _w bett] ?an 8 life ! greatness ( 8 g5ius2 & ! ju/ness ( 8 epitaph1 9 :i* he is comp>$ to ! anci5ts1 is all[$ by po/]ity4 ,g5]al cons5t ranks him among ! be/ ar*itects ( 8 age2 & he w\ld also h be5 class$ ) ! greate/ pa9t]s1 _h he col\r$ z well z he design$1 & _h always be5 equal to himself2 a ?+ he c\ld n comm& dur+ a life s *equ]$ & wret*$4 ,aft] ,p]uzzi _h receiv$ ! elem5ts ( ! art 9 8 native place f an unkn[n ma/]1 he w5t to ,rome = ! completion ( 8 /udies1 9 ! "t ( ,alex&] ,,vi4 ,he knew1 admir$1 & imitat$ ,raffaello 7( :om "s suppose him a pupil71 especially 8 ,holy ,families4#bhh ,he approa*$ him ne>ly 9 "s works 9 fresco2 su* z ! ,judgm5t ( ,p>is 9 ! ca/le ( ,belc>o1 :i* is deem$ 8 be/ p]=mance1 & ! celebrat$ ,sybil =etell+ ! bir? ( ,*ri/ to ,augu/us1 9 ! ,fonte ,giu/a1 ( ,si5a1 :i* is admir$ z "o ( ! f9e/ pictures 9 t city4 ,he imp>t$ to x su* a div9e en?usiasm1 t ,raffaello himself nev] surpass$ him 9 treat+ ?is subject2 nor ,guido1 nor ,gu]c9o1 ( :om s _m ,sybils are exhibit$4 ,9 great compositions1 su* z ! ,pres5tation 9 ! ,pace at ,rome1#bhi he designs well1 gives a fai?ful repres5tation ( ! passions1 & embelli%es ! subject by appropriate edifices4 ,8 oil pa9t+s are v r>e2 ^? repres5t+ ! ,magi1 :i* are %ewn 9 _m collections at ,flor5ce1 ,p>ma1 & ,bologna1 are copies f "o ( 8 *i>oscuros1 :i* 0 aft]w>ds col\r$ by ,girolamo da ,trevigi1 z we are in=m$ by ,vas>i4 ,i 0 told at ,bologna1 t ! picture ( ,girolamo 0 lo/ at sea1 & t ! picture :i* ! ,rizz>di family ( t place possess1 is a copy by ,cesi4 ,8 small alt>-pieces are uncommonly sc>ce likewise3 & ,i am unable to po9t out any ( !m b "o1 :i* conta9s ?ree half-l5g? figures ( ! ,virg91 ! ,bapti/1 & ,s4 ,j]ome1 & is at ,torre ,babbiana1 eighte5 miles f ,si5a4 ,:at ,i h "h relat$ w\ld h add$ to ! glory ( any o!r arti/2 b is little to ! m]it ( ,baldass>e4 ,! g5ius ( ?is man 0 n limit$ to ! production ( excell5t cab9et pictures & frescos4 ,i h already said he 0 an ar*itect2 or1 z ,lomazzo has express$ x1 a univ]sal ar*itect3 & 9 ?is pr(ession1 ! fruit ( 8 assidu\s /udy ( anci5t edifices1 he ranks among ! =emo/1 & is ev5 pref]r$ to ,bramante4 ,! encomiums be/[$ on him by ! mo/ celebrat$ writ]s on ar*itecture are m5tion$ 9 ! ?ird volume ( ! ,si5ese ,lett]s4#bij ,no "o1 h[ev]1 has done him great] hon\r ?an 8 s*ol> ,s]lio1 :o decl>es 9 ! introduction to 8 f\r? book1 t1 :atev] m]it 8 "w possesses1 is n due to himself1 b to ,baldass>e da ,si5a1 ( ^: manuscripts he became ! heir1 & ! plagi>i/1 if we are to cr$it ,giulio ,piccolom9i1#bia & 8 o!r t[nsm54 ,! decl>ation above /at$ absolves ,s]lio f ?is imputation1 unless x is insi/$ t he ought to h affix$ ! "n ( ,baldass>e to e anecdote t he le>nt or took f ^? manuscripts2 a ?+ :i* x w\ld be unreasonable to dem&4 ,he has1 inde$1 frequ5tly m5tion$ him1 & comm5d$ him = a s\nd ta/e1 = facility1 & elegance1 bo? 9 design+ edifices1 & 9 ornam5t+ !m4 ,to say ! tru?1 8 peculi> m]it lies 9 giv+ a pleas+ effect to 8 works2 & ,i h n obs]v$ any idea ( 8 :i* 9 "s way does n exhibit ! /amp ( a lively imag9ation4 ,?is "* is app>5t 9 ! portico ( ! ,massimi at ,rome1 ! great alt> ( ! metropolitan *ur* ( ,si5a1 & ! l>ge gateway ( ! ,sacrati palace at ,f]r>a1 :i* is s f9ely ornam5t$ t x is nam$ among ! r>ities ( t city1 &1 9 its k9d1 ev5 ( ,italy4 ,b :at *iefly e/abli%es 8 reputation z a man ( excell5t & v>i\s g5ius1 is ! ,f>nese palace1 :i* is execut$ ) su* exquisite grace t x appe>s creat$ by en*antm5t1 r ?an built by human h&s4#bib ,he 0 em95tly skill$ 9 ornam5t+ facades2 9 pa9t+ s z to repres5t real ar*itecture1 & basso-relievos ( sacrifices1 ,bac*analian sc5es1 & battles1 :i* s]ve to ma9ta9 ! build+s s\nd & 9 good ord]1 :ile !y improve _! appe>ance1 accord+ to ,s]lio4#bic ,he left f9e specim5s ( ?is art at ,si5a & 9 ,rome1 :]e he 0 foll[$ by ,polidoro1 :o c>ri$ x to ! summit ( p]fection4 ,p]uzzi practis$ x at ! ,f>nese palace 9 ^? pictures 9 gre5 e>?1 ) :i* he cov]$ ! outside1 & /ill m 9 ! int]nal decorations4 ,n to m5tion ,f4 ,seba/iano1 ,raffaello himself 0 employ$ 9 ! same place3 & 9 "o ap>tm5t1 f9i%$ )\t assi/ance1 ! celebrat$ ,galatea4 ,baldass>e pa9t$ ! ceil+ & ! corbels ) "s fables ( ,p]seus1 & o!r h]oes3 ! /yle is light1 spirit$1 & resembles t ( ,raffaello1 b is unequal to t ( 8 model4 ,?\gh inf]ior 9 figures he 0 n beh9d 9 "s o!r bran*es4 ,8 imitation ( /ucco ornam5ts appe>s s reliev$ t ev5 ,titian 0 deceiv$ by x1 & f\nd x necess>y to *ange 8 po9t ( view be=e he c\ld be conv9c$ ( 8 error4 ,a simil> ocul> deception is produc$ by ! hall :]e a colonnade is repres5t$1 ! int]columniations ( :i* make x appe> mu* l>g] ?an x really is4 ,?is "w induc$ ,pietro ,aret9o to say1 t ! palace conta9$ no picture m p]fect 9 its k9d4#bid ,& if ! sc5es :i* he pa9t$ = ! plays1 repres5t$ 9 ! ,apo/olical palace = ! amusem5t ( ,leo ,x4 _h surviv$ to our days1 ! p]spective pa9t+s ( ,p]uzzi w\ld h obta9$ great] fame ?an ! ,cal&ra ( ,c>d4 da ,bibbi5a2 & x w\ld h be5 said ( him1 z ( ! anci5t1 t he discov]$ a new art1 & br\ght x to p]fection4 ,! obs]vation ( ,vas>i1 ,lomazzo1 & o!r old writ]s1 t ,p]uzzi 0 n to be surpass$ 9 p]spective1 has be5 rec5tly confirm$ by ,sig4 ,milizia 9 ! ,memoirs ( ,ar*itects4 ,9 ?is art he appe>s to me to h giv5 ! fir/ & mo/ classic examples4 ,:5 ,i h occasion h]eaft] to notice celebrat$ p]spectives 9 ,rome1 9 ,v5ice1 or ,bologna1 we mu/ recollect1 t if o!rs surpass$ him 9 ! va/ness ( _! works1 !y nev] did s 9 _! p]fection4 ,mae/ro ,riccio is prais$ 9 ,si5a z second to him 9 p]spective1 & 0 8 s*ol> = "s "t2 b aft]w>ds he imitat$ ! figures ( 8 fa!r-9-law4 ,! m]it ( ,baldass>e 9 grotesque is bett] se5 at ,si5a ?an 9 ,rome4 ,?is sort ( pa9t+1 always ! (fspr+ ( a :imsical fancy1 0 cong5ial to ,me*]9o & to ,razzi2 & bo? practis$ x ) success4 ,! latt] seem$ born to conceive & to execute x ) unprem$itat$ facility2 he pa9t$ 9 ?is /yle 9 ! ,vatican1 & obta9$ ! approbation ( ,raffaello1 :o 0 unwill+ to cancel 8 grotesques z he did 8 hi/orical compositions3 he also execut$ "s at ,monte ,oliveto t are highly faceti\s1 & may be call$ an image ( 8 own bra94 ,cri/(oro ,ru/ici & ,giorgio da ,si5a obta9$ great fame 9 ?is /yle2 b none ( !m equall$ ,p]uzzi4 ,?is arti/1 graceful 9 all 8 works1 0 mo/ elegant 9 grotesque2 & amid ! fre$om t a subject :olly caprici\s inspires1 he pres]v$ an art :i* ,lomazzo has /udi$1 9 ord] to compreh5d its pr9ciples4 ,he employs e species ( idea2 satyrs1 masks1 *ildr51 animals1 mon/]s1 edifices1 trees1 fl[]s1 vases1 c&elabra1 lamps1 arm\r1 & ?und]bolts2 b 9 _! arrangem5t1 9 ! actions repres5t$1 & 9 e o!r circum/ance1 he bridl$ 8 caprice by 8 judgm5t4 ,he di/orts & connects ^? images ) a surpris+ symmetry1 & adapts !m z devices emblematic ( ! /ories :i* !y surr\nd4 ,?is man1 liv+ 9 ! brighte/ p]iod ( mod]n art1 is 9 %ort1 "o ( ! individuals mo/ int]e/+ 9 its hi/ory4 ,he _h _m pupils 9 ar*itecture1 b few 9 pa9t+3 among ! latt] are a ,francesco ,s5ese1 & a ,virgilio ,romano1 :o are comm5d$ by ,vas>i = _! frescos1 & to :om grotesques1 ( unc]ta9 orig91 are sometimes attribut$ 9 ,si5a4 ,some:at lat]1 b c]ta9ly be=e ! complete revival ( ! art at ,si5a1 ,i am dispos$ to class a fresco pa9t]1 :om ,baglione & ,titi call ,matteo da ,si5a2 b :o is nam$ ,matte9o 9 8 native place1 t he may n be conf\nd$ ) ! ,matteo ( ! f\rte5? c5tury4 ,he liv$ at ,rome 9 ! "t ( ,niccolo ,circignani1 9 ^: pictures1 & 9 ^? ( arti/s ( ! same class1 he ins]t$ p]spectives & l&scapes4 ,! ef=ts ( 8 p5cil may be se5 at ,s4 ,/efano ,rotondo1 9 ?irty-two hi/orical pictures ( m>tyrs pa9t$ by ,circignani1 :i* h be5 engrav$ by ,cavali]i4 ,_m ( 8 l&scapes are 9 ! ,vatican gall]y1 :i* are beautiful1 al?\gh 9 ! old /yle4 ,at ! age ( fifty-five he di$ at ,rome1 :]e he 0 e/abli%$ 9 ! pontificate ( ,sixtus ,v4 ,^! circum/ances make x appe> to me unlikely1 t he _h pa9t$ 9 ! ,cas9o ( ,si5a1 ab\t #aeea1 or 9 ! ,luc>9i palace1 along ) ,ru/i*9o3 ! fir/ p]iod ,i consid] too e>ly1 & ! latt] too late4 ,i %all n[ give "s acc\nt ( ! *i>oscuros execut$ 9 mosaic1 :i* owe _! p]fection to ! s*ool ( ,si5a1 dur+ ! epo* ( :i* we are ab\t to f9i% our acc\nt4 ,i h already m5tion$ ! erection ( ! magnific5t ca!dral ( ,si5a1 a "w ( _m ye>s2 & may n[ add1 t ?\gh x 0 gr& 9 all its p>ts1 no?+ %ew$ su* orig9ality1 or 0 s g5]ally admir$ z ! pavem5t ar\nd ! great alt>1 all /ori$ ) subjects tak5 f ! ,new ,te/am5t1 ( :i* ! figures 7 surr\nd$ by appropriate ornam5ts1 :i* s]v$ to v>y & divide ! imm5se gr\nd ( ! pa9t+4 ,a succession ( arti/s always lab\r+ to improve ?is "w1 c>ri$ x 9 a few ye>s to an a/oni%+ pit* ( excell5ce4 ,! nature ( ! /one qu>ries 9 ! ,si5ese t]ritory1 af=d$ also facilities to ! art :i* c\ld n be s easily atta9$ 9 o!r places4 ,x orig9at$ l o!r arts f small & rude beg9n+s4 ,duccio comm5c$ ?is ornam5t$ pavem5t4 ,! "p :i* he execut$ is con/ruct$ ( /ones1 9 :i* ! limbs & cont\rs ( ! figures are scoop$ out3 x is a dry b n ungraceful production ( ! ?irte5? c5tury4 ,! "y woman 9 ! *oir :o kneels ) h] arms lean+ on a cross1 &1 z an inscription in=ms u1 implores ! m]cy ( ! ,"l1 is ! "w ( ,duccio3 x probably repres5ts ,*ri/ian piety2 & c]ta9ly bo? ! attitude & ! c\nt5ance are expressive ( :at %e asks4 ,^? :o cont9u$ ! pavem5t imm$iately aft] ,duccio1 are n s well kn[n4 ,we read ( an ,urbano da ,cortona1 & an ,antonio ,f$]ighi1 :o design$ & execut$ ! two ,sybils2 ! re/ 0 9 l mann] ! "w ( arti/s ( little note4 ,!y all1 h[ev]1 improv$ ! art 9 "s degree1 cutt+ ! figures ) ! *isel1 & fill+ up :at 0 remov$ by ! iron1 ) pit* or "s black composition2 & ?is 0 a rude sort ( *i>oscuro4 ,to !m succe$$ ,matteo di ,giovanni1 :o1 f an att5tive consid]ation ( :at 8 pr$ecessors _h done1 fell on a me?od ( surpass+ !m4 ,he rem>k$ a ve9 ( ! m>ble 9 ! drap]y ( a figure ( ,david1 :i* =m$ a v natural fold1 & by ! contra/ ( ! col\rs made ! knee & leg appe> 9 relief3 9 l mann] he discov]$ 9 a figure ( ,solomon a %ade ( col\r 9 ! m>ble1 well suit$ to produce effect4 ,he !n select$ m>bles ( diff]5t col\rs2 & jo9+ !m aft] ! mann] ( an inlay+ ) /a9$ wood1 produc$ a "w t 0 entitl$ to ! "n ( a m>ble *i>oscuro4 ,9 ?is mann] he execut$ )\t assi/ance a ,slaught] ( ! ,innoc5ts1 a composition :i* he frequ5tly repeat$1 z we be=e rem>k$4 ,he ?us op5$ ! pa? = ,beccafumi's hi/ories1 :o wr\ght 9 a sup]ior /yle a l>ge "p ( t pavem5t1 :i* 8 ex]tions1 says ,vas>i1 r5d]$ ! mo/ beautiful1 ! l>ge/1 & mo/ magnific5t t 0 ev] execut$4 ,?is "w employ$ 8 leisure h\rs till he atta9$ to old age2 & ?\gh pa9t+ int]rupt$ 8 lab\rs1 he did n ab&on x until 8 dea?1 & h5ce1 "s ( ! hi/orical compositions 7 complet$ by o!r h&s1 z is suppos$ f 8 c>toons4 ,he execut$ ! ,sacrifice ( ,isaac1 9 figures z l>ge z life2 & ,moses /rik+ ! ,rock1 ) a cr[d ( ,hebrews ru%+ to cat* ! wat]1 & slake _! ?ir/2 besides sev]al o!r subjects1 :i* are describ$ by ,vas>i2 & m m9utely by ,l&i4#bie ,i %all subjo9 a few obs]vations on ! me*anism ( ! art4 ,! fir/ attempt ( ,beccafumi 0 to compose a picture ( inlaid wood1 :i* 0 long pres]v$ 9 ! /udio ( ,vanni1 & aft]w>ds 0 9 ! possession ( ! ,c\nts ( ! ,delci family4 ,he repres5t$ ! ,conv]sion ( ,s4 ,paul 9 ?is piece1 by employ+ wood ( ! col\rs only t 7 necess>y to produce a *i>oscuro4 ,aft] ?is model he select$ :ite m>ble = ! light p>ts ( 8 figures1 & ! v pure/ = ! cat*+ lights2 grey m>ble = ! middle t9ts1 black = ! %ad[s1 & = ! d>ke/ l9es he sometimes employ$ a black /ucco4 ,he cut ! pieces ( ^! m>bles1 :i* are all indig5\s1 & inlaid !m s nicely t ! jo9+s are n easily disc]nible4 ,?is has induc$ "s to believe t :ite m>ble is alone employ$ 9 ?is pavem5t1 & t ! middle t9ts & %ad[s are =m$ by c]ta9 v p5etrat+ col\rs1 capable ( s(t5+ ! m>ble & ( col\r+ x ?r\gh\t4 ,we le>n f a lett] ( ,gallacc9i1 t ?is idea 0 adopt$ by "s natives ( ,si5a1 & x appe>s f ano!r ( ,m>iette1 t ?is great connoisseur 0 impress$ ) x1 & ga9$ ov] ,bott>i to 8 op9ion4#bif ,inspection ov]turns ?is supposition1 = we may discov] ! seams betwe5 ! diff]5t col\rs2 & ?is circum/ance induces ! au?or ( ! ,si5ese ,lett]s & ! be/ in=m$ p]sons1 to disbelieve ! artificial col\r+ ( ! m>ble4 ,! tru? is1 ! secret ( col\r+ m>ble 0 n !n kn[n1 b 0 aft]w>ds discov]$ 9 ,si5a by ,mi*elangiolo ,vanni1 :o has transmitt$ ! memory ( 8 inv5tion to po/]ity4#big ,he erect$ a monum5t = 8 fa!r1 ,cav4 ,francesco1 ) columns1 ornam5ts1 fe/oons1 & figures ( *ildr52 accompani$ by a g5ealogy ( ! family1 :i* 7 all design$ on a :ite slab1 & e "p c>efully & appropriately col\r$1 s z to resemble mosaic ( diff]5t m>bles4 ,x is suppos$ t ! col\rs 7 imp>t$ to ! m>ble by "s m9]al ess5ces to impregnate x1 because !y p5etrat$ a consid]able way4 ,he entitles himself ! inv5tor ( ?is art1 9 ! monum5tal inscription4 ,a secret ( ?is nature 0 kn[n to ,niccolo ,tornioli1 ( ,si5a1 ab\t ! ye> #afdj2 & ?is arti/ is said to h pa9t$ a ,v]onica 9 t mann]1 ! m>ble ( :i* he caus$ to be saw$1 & ! same picture 0 f\nd on ea* side ( ! section4#bih ,he 0 probably a s*ol> ( ,vanni2 & ! latt] seems anxi\s by ! inscription t he %\ld n claim ! hon\r ( ! inv5tion4 ,! connexion ( ! subject has l$ me to notice ^! two arti/s 9 ?is place4 ,_! true place is 9 ! ?ird epo* ( ! ,si5ese s*ool1 to :i* ,i %all imm$iately proce$4 ,footnote #bge3 ,bald9ucci1 9 8 ,life ( ,antonio ,v5eziano1 cont5ds t ?is arti/ resid$1 dur+ "s "t1 at ,si5a2 b ! sil5ce ( ! city hi/orians z to su* a fact1 leads u to d\bt ! tru? ( 8 ass]tion4 ,footnote #bgf3 ,vas>i calls him a pretty good ma/] 9 ! ,life ( ,d4 ,b>tolommeo3 f ! note ( ,bott>i on ?is passage we collect t he fl\ri%$ ab\t #aejj4 ,gigli makes him ! ma/] ( ,beccafumi4 ,footnote #bgg3 ,!re is a ,coronation ( ! ,virg9 by him at ,fonte ,giu/a1 & a picture1 repres5t+ v>i\s sa9ts1 at ,c>m9e1 dat$ #aeab4 ,footnote #bgh3 ,see ,lett4 ,sanesi1 tom4 iii4 p4 #cbj1 :]e ! inscription ( ,signorelli on 8 pictures 9 ! ,petrucci palace is quot$1 & ,vas>i is correct$4 ,footnote #bgi3 ,he is ?us nam$ by ,bald9ucci2 b ,vas>i1 9 8 ,life ( ,razzi1 m5tions a ,girolamo del ,pac*ia1 a rival ( ,razzi himself2 & ?is p]son appe>s to be ,pac*i>otto4 ,he also m5tions ,giomo1 or ,girolamo del ,sodoma1 :o di$ "y2 & :om bo? ,orl&i & ,bott>i h conf\nd$ ) ,pac*i>otto2 :5 we ought r to believe t he 0 a pupil ( ,razzi1 & di$ :ile he 0 yet "y4 ,footnote #bhj3 ,mattaccio signifies a buffoon4 ,tr4 ,footnote #bha3 ,9 ,p4 della ,valle1 9 ! ,supplem5t to ! life ( ,razzi1 ,see ,vas>i1 edit4 ( ,si5a1 p4 #big4 ,9 ! foll[+ page !re is a *ronological error4 ,he agrees ) ,bald9ucci t ,razzi 0 born 9 #adgi1 & says t 8 picture ( ,s4 ,francis 0 execut$ 9 #adij1 t is1 :5 ! arti/ 0 ab\t elev5 ye>s ( age4 ,footnote #bhb3 ,see also ,p]9i1 9 8 ,lett]a su l' ,ar*ic5obio di ,monte ,oliveto1 p4 #di1 :]e he def5ds ,razzi f ! *>ge ( indecorum made by ,vas>i1 on a view ( ! grotesques & fancy subjects :i* he pa9t$ 9 t place4 ,footnote #bhc3 ,tom4 iii4 p4 #bdc4 ,footnote #bhd3 ,i am 9 d\bt z to 8 native place4 ,! "n ( "o ,scalobr9us ,pi/ori5sis1 a pa9t] ( m]it1 & belong+ to ! same age1 is f\nd inscrib$ at ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,francesco1 )\t ! ,tuscan gate1 :]e he left sev5 specim5s ( alt>-pieces4 ,memorie p] le belle ,arti1 tom4 ii4 p4 #aij4 ,footnote #bhe3 ,see ,sig4 da ,morrona1 tom4 i4 p4 #aaf4 ,me*]9o !re pa9t$ ! ,evangeli/s1 & "s hi/orical pieces f ! life ( ,moses3 ,razzi execut$ 9 ! same place a ,desc5t f ! ,cross1 & an ,abraham (f]+ 8 ,son1 :i* are among 8 la/1 & n 8 be/ works4 ,footnote #bhf3 ,! ,si5ese hi/orians prove ?is 9 opposition to ,vas>i1 :o makes him by desc5t a ,flor5t9e4 ,see ,lett4 ,s54 tom4 iii4 p4 #agh4 ,footnote #bhg3 ,= 8 lab\rs 9 ! ca!dral ( ,si5a he _h ?irty cr[ns a ye>2 z ! ar*itect ( ,s4 ,pet]'s1 two hundr$ & fifty4 ,he d]iv$ little advantage f private commissions1 = p g5]ally took advantage ( 8 mode/y1 9 ei!r n pay+ him at all1 or rew>d+ him scantily4 ,footnote #bhh3 ,i saw "o 9 ! possession ( ,cav4 ,cavaceppi 9 ,rome1 ( :i* ?is great connoisseur us$ to say1 t x might pass = a ,raffaello1 if x _h be5 z l 9 col\r+ z 9 e ?+ else4 ,! ,s]g>di family at ,si5a h ano!r1 & a ,holy ,family1 by ,razzi1 z its companion4 ,^! are reckon$ among _! fir/ p]=mances1 & are believ$ to h be5 pa9t$ 9 competition ) ea* o!r4 ,9 t ( ,p]uzzi "o recognizes1 ev5 at t "t1 t elegance ( design :i* he delight$ aft]w>ds to exhibit 9 8 figures1 especially 9 ! ,*igi1 n[ call$ ! ,f>nese palace4 ,footnote #bhi3 ,x is a fresco1 &1 ?\gh ret\*$1 surprises at once by ! novelty & expression ( ! figures4 ,a4 ,c>acci design$ x = "o ( 8 /udies4 ,footnote #bij3 ,lett4 vii4 ,footnote #bia3 ,si5a ,illu/re4 ,footnote #bib3 ,! expression 9 ! orig9al is3 condotto con quella bella grazia *e si v$e-non murato1 ma v]am5te nato4 ,vas>i4 ,footnote #bic3 ,p4 #aia4 ,footnote #bid3 ,s]lio1 #a4 c4 ,footnote #bie3 ,lett]e ,s5esi1 tom4 iii4 lett4 #f4 ,see also lett4 #h4 page #bbc1 :]e !re are _m obs]vations on ! design ( ,me*]9o1 & on ! execution committ$ to ! ,m>t9i1 bro!rs1 & em95t sculptors ( t p]iod4 ,= ! pr9ts f _! works by ,&reani & ,gabuggiani1 see ! notes ( ,bott>i on ! life ( ,me*]9o1 p4 #dce4 ,footnote #bif3 ,see ,lett4 ,pittori*e1 tom4 i4 p4 #caa1 & tom4 iv4 p4 #cdd4 ,see also ,notes on ,vas>i1 tom4 iv4 p4 #dcf4 ,ed4 ,fior5t94 ,footnote #big3 ,he inscrib$ ! monum5t1 ,francisco ,vannio 444 ,mi*ael ,angelus 444 novae hujus 9 petra p+5di artis inv5tor et ,raphael 444 ,filii p>5ti optimo m4 p4 a4 #afef4 ,footnote #bih3 ,see ! note ( ,bott>i on ,gallacc9i's lett]4 tom4 i4 p4 #cjh4 ,,si5ese ,,s*ool4 ,,epo* ,,iii4 ,! art hav+ decl9$ 9 ,si5a ?r\gh ! disa/]s ( ! /ate1 is reviv$ by ! lab\rs ( ,salimb5i & 8 sons4 ,we h relat$ ! progress & be/ works ( ! ,si5ese s*ool f ! beg9n+1 to ab\t ! middle ( ! sixte5? c5tury2 b we h n yet consid]$ a circum/ance t adds greatly to ! m]it ( ! arti/s & works ( t p]iod4 ,if we se>* into ! hi/ory ( t half c5tury1 we %all f9d t all ,italy groan$ "u ! pressure ( public calamities2 b ,si5a1 to a great] degree1 & = a long] p]iod ?an any o!r place1 endur$ an accumulation ( ! mo/ t]rible evils4 ,fam9e1 pe/il5ce1 & a susp5sion ( comm]cial int]c\rse1 afflict$ o!r /ates1 b "h !y seem to h exhau/$ _! rage3 civil commotions & ext]nal enemies agitat$ o!r /ates1 b "h1 dur+ a p]iod ( _m ye>s1 !y all[$ n a mom5t ( tranquillity4 ,! republic ( ,si5a1 /rong 9 ! val\r ( h] citiz5s1 0 feeble 9 e ?+ besides2 & h5ce x resembl$ a gulph1 :]e tempe/s are m frequ5t & m viol5t ?an on ! ocean4 ,! usurpation ( ! ,petrucci1 ! diss5sions betwe5 ! nobles & ! p1 & jeal\sy ( =eign p[]s1 :o s\ght h] subjugation1 kept ,si5a 9 con/ant al>m1 & (t5 incit$ to arms & to blood%$4 ,! rem$y :i* !y n[ expect$ 9 ! protection ( ! emp]or1 at ano!r "t f ,france1 only s]v$ to aggravate int]nal commotion & =eign aggression4 ,amid ?is p]petual agitation1 ,i "k n :e!r mo/ to admire ! g5ius ( ! p1 ev] direct$ to ! decoration ( _! h\ses & public edifices1 or ! _s ( ! arti/s1 :o c\ld summon all ! p[]s ( _! m9ds to su* ef=ts3 ?is ,i "k1 t simil> in/ances are r>e 9 o!r c\ntries4 ,! ye> #aeee at l5g? arriv$1 :5 ,cosmo ,i4 depriv$ ! ,si5ese ( _! long def5d$ lib]ty4 ,to any enemy b ! ,flor5t9es !y w\ld h submitt$ ) less reluctance2 & on ?is acc\nt our a/oni%m5t is less5$ on f9d+ t1 on ?is occasion1 two ?irds ( ! inhabitants ab&on$ _! native soil1 refus+ to live subject to enemies s abhorr$4 ,at ?is "t1 & 9 ! disa/]s above allud$ to1 ! city lo/ _m able arti/s1 & also sev]al families1 f :om em95t arti/s 7 desc5d$1 & ^: ,si5ese orig9 is confirm$ by hi/ory4 ,baglione says ( ,camillo ,m>iani1 t he 0 born at ,vic5za1 & t 8 fa!r 0 a native ( ,si5a1 :o _h expatriat$ himself on acc\nt ( ! w>s2 & he praises ! cab9et pictures ( ?is arti/1 :o di$ at ,rome ) ! reputation ( an excell5t sculptor4 ,i likewise f9d at ,bologna an ,ago/9o ,m>cucci1 ( ,si5a1 :o is :olly unkn[n 9 t place1 probably because he 0 ! son ( an emigrant4 ,he 0 a disciple ( ! ,c>acci1 till a s*ism arose 9 t s*ool1 :i* we %all notice 9 its prop] place1 :5 he rang$ himself ) ! =emo/ adh]5ts ( ,fac9i1 ! lead] ( ! p>ty1 & !y _h ! boldness to set up a new academy 9 opposition to t ( ! ,c>acci4 ,he cont9u$ to reside 9 ,bologna1 & to tea* to ! "t ( 8 dea?1 & is reckon$ by ,malvasia among ! fir/ m5 ( t age4 ,( 8 s*ol>s ,malvasia m5tions only ,ruggi]i1 & he only notices "o ( 8 pictures at ! ,concezione2#bii to :i* sev]al o!rs1 h[ev]1 are add$ 9 ! ,new ,guide4 ,si5a1 9 ! mean "t1 began to brea! f h] mis=tunes1 & to be reconcil$ to ! new gov]nm5t1 :i*1 ?r\gh ! prud5ce ( ,cosmo1 appe>$ r a re=mation 9 ! old1 ?an a new dom9ation4 ,no long "t elaps$ be=e ! void left 9 ! city by ! arti/s :o _h emigrat$ 0 fill$ up by o!rs4 ,ru/ico _h rema9$ !re1 z well z 8 sup]ior1 ,riccio1 :o pa9t$ ! celebrat$ sc5e1 already notic$1 on ! com+ ( ,cosmo4 ,si5a also possess$ ,tozzo & ,bigio1 :om ,lancillotti reckons among ! mo/ fam\s pa9t]s1 ,i believe1 9 small figures2 & x is n easy to di/+ui% betwe5 ^? two arti/s1 :o _h an extraord9>y simil>ity ( /yle4 ,arcangiolo ,salimb5i1 :o is expressly said by ,bald9ucci to be a s*ol> ( ,f$]igo ,zucc>i1 may h receiv$ ! rudim5ts ( ! art f "o ( !m4 ,p]haps1 z ! hi/orian goes on to say1 dur+ 8 resid5ce at ,rome he might contract an intimate fri5d%ip ) ,zucc>i2 b ! /yle ( ,salimb5i discov]s v opposite pr9ciples f ^? ( t ma/]2 & not)/&+ all rese>*es1 no "o has succe$$ 9 f9d+ pictures ( 8 t be> indications ( t s*ool4 ,he lov$ precision m ?an fulness ( design2 & we may ev5 obs]ve 9 him an atta*m5t to ! mann] ( ,pietro ,p]ug9o1 z 0 obs]v$ by ,della ,valle ) reg>d to a ,crucifixion att5d$ by six ,sa9ts1 9 ! p>i% *ur* ( ,lusignano4 ,9 8 o!r pictures at ,si5a1 especially 9 ! ,s4 ,pet]-,m>tyr1 9 possession ( ! ,dom9icans1 he appe>s :olly mod]n2#cjj b dilig5t1 & free f ! defects :i* we (t5 obs]ve 9 ,f$]igo1 :o may be consid]$ z a pr(ess$ mann]i/ ( t p]iod4 ,x 0 ! good =tune ( ! ,si5ese s*ool1 t ,riccio 0 succe$$ by ?is arti/1 :o1 if he _h n a l(ty g5ius1 possess$1 at lea/1 ! judgm5t to avoid ! faults ( 8 contempor>ies4 ,h5ce1 amid ! deg5]acy ( ! neighb\r+ s*ools ?is rema9$ uncontam9at$1 or b slightly infect$2 & ! new disciples x s5t =? contribut$ to ! improvem5t ( ! art 9 ,italy4 ,!y 7 n s mu* atta*$ to home z ,me*]9o2 !y pa9t$ equally well beyond ! t]ritory ( ,si5a2 !y visit$ v di/ant cities1 & 9 !m all left specim5s ( _! art1 bo? 9 public & 9 private1 :i* are /ill pres]v$4 ,aft] receiv+ ! fir/ in/ruction f ,salimb5i1 or "s less kn[n arti/1 ea* *ose 8 own guide4 ,we %all "h proce$ ) _! hi/ory4 ,aft] receiv+ ! rudim5ts ( ! art at ,si5a1 ,pietro ,sorri w5t to ,flor5ce1 "u ,passignano1 & became 8 son-9-law1 & ! associate ( 8 lab\rs 9 t place & 9 ,v5ice4 ,he emulat$ ! /yle ( ,passignano1 :i* p>took1 z we h obs]v$1 ( ! ,flor5t9e & ! ,v5etian3 he succe$$ s well1 t _! works be> a p]fect resemblance1 & are held 9 equal e/imation4 ,he pa9t$ less exp$iti\sly ?an 8 fa!r-9-law2 b 8 col\r+ 0 m durable1 &1 if ,i mi/ake n1 8 design m graceful4 ,! conv5t ( ,s4 ,seba/ian1 :i* 0 ornam5t$ by a competition ( ! be/ ,si5ese arti/s ( ?is epo*1 has "o ( 8 pictures1 :i* are r uncommon 9 ,si5a2 = 8 be/ ye>s 7 sp5t 9 o!r places4 ,he 0 mu* at ,flor5ce3 & aft]w>ds visit$ _m o!r ,tuscan cities2 & !re is sc>cely any consid]able place among !m :i* _c boa/ ! ef=ts ( 8 easy & graceful p5cil2 b p>ticul>ly ,pisa1 ! ca!dral ( :i* c\ld n b attract su* an arti/4 ,he !re repres5t$ ! ,consecration ( t *ur* on "o l>ge canvas1 &1 on ano!r1 ,*ri/ disput+ ) ! ,doctors1 :i* is inscrib$ ) 8 "n3 & nev] did he approa* ne>] to ! excell5ce ( ,paul ,v]onese 9 ar*itecture & o!r accompanim5ts4 ,he 0 employ$ 9 ! ,c>?usian mona/]y ( ,pavia1 & also 9 ,g5oa1 :]e we %all f9d him z a preceptor 9 t s*ool4 ,casolani took 8 surname f ,casole1 ! little t[n f :i* 8 family remov$ to ,si5a4 ,9 ! ducal gall]y ( ,flor5ce !re is a portrait ( a lady ) ?ree m51 9 ! same piece1 :i* is said to repres5t ,lucrezia ,piccolom9i1 ) h] ?ree sons1 ,aless&ro ,casolani1 ,francesco ,vanni1 & ,v5tura ,salimb5i1 :om %e bore to diff]5t husb&s1 9 ! c\rse ( a few ye>s4 ,?is makes ,aless&ro ! /epson ( ,arcangiolo ,salimb5i1 & ! ut]9e bro!r ( ,v5tura & ( ,vanni4 ,i _c f9d ?is /ory 9 any au?or1 except 9 ,niccolo ,pio1 a ,roman writ] ( no au?ority1 ^: manuscript1 conta9+ notices ( two hundr$ & fifty arti/s1 :i* 0 drawn up ab\t #agbd1 is pres]v$ 9 ! ,vatican libr>y4#cja ,! old writ]s ( ,si5a h tak5 no notice ( s rem>kable an ev5t1 & we _c1 !re=e1 give cr$it to ,pio1 a /rang]1 & a mod]n au?or4 ,! relation !n 9 :i* ,aless&ro /&s to ,arcangiolo is t ( s*ol>2 b he le>nt m f ,cav4 ,roncalli 9 ,si5a & 9 ,rome4 ,he rema9$ long 9 ! latt] city3 he design$ ! f9e/ works x conta9$1 & obta9$ "s idea ( diff]5t /yles4 ,?is k 0 increas$ by a j\rney :i* he made "s ye>s aft]w>ds to ,pavia1 :]e he pa9t$ 9 ! ,c>?usian mona/]y1 & 9 o!r places4 ,8 mann] is prodigi\sly v>i$4 ,x exhibits traces ( ! be/ /yle ( ,roncalli1 a good design1 sobriety ( composition1 a mode/y ( col\r+1 & tranquil h>mony4 ,he seems also to h aim$ at orig9ality1 = he 0 cont9ually alt]+ 8 /yle1 m+l+ x ) ! graces ( v>i\s arti/s1 & sometimes /rik+ out into a novel pa?4 ,he possess$ promptness ( g5ius & ( execution3 he 0 quick 9 committ+ 8 ideas to ! canvas2 & :5 dissatisfi$ ) 8 "w1 he (t5 *ose to cancel ! :ole1 r ?an to correct a "p4 ,al?\gh unacqua9t$ ) ideal beauty1 he 0 e/eem$ by ,guido1 :o may be consid]$ z ! fa!r ( mod]n pa9t]s1 & :o said ( him ?is truly is a pa9t]4 ,:oev] w\ld see 8 be/ "w1 may exam9e ! m>tyrdom ( ,s4 ,b>?olomew1 at ! ,c>m9e ( ,si5a4 ,x is a picture ( consid]able size1 ) great v>iety 9 ! figures & 9 ! expression1 & altoge!r excites surprise4 ,we are told t :5 ,roncalli exam9$ x1 he at l5g? exclaim$1 t ! art ( t p]iod 0 compris$ 9 t picture4 ,b ! %ort life ( ,casolani prev5t$ him atta9+ ! excell5ce :i* ?is specim5 promis$4 ,8 works are 9 v>i\s cities ( ,tuscany1 & also 9 ,naples1 ,g5oa1 & ,f]mo1 9 ! metropolitan *ur* ( :i* !re is a picture ( ,s4 ,l\is ( ,france1 t is numb]$ among ! *oice pa9t+s 9 t city4 ,a good _m ( 8 works 9 ,si5a %ew traces (1 & ev5 :ole figures by o!r h&s2 hav+ be5 f9i%$ by ,vanni1 & ,v5tura ,salimb5i1 or by o!r arti/s1 ei!r ( 8 own or ( diff]5t s*ools4 ,il>io ,casolani1 8 son1 by a daught] ( ,ru/ici1 f9i%$ ! ,assumption = ! ,*ur* ( ,s4 ,francis2 & aft]w>ds w5t to ,rome1 :]e he 0 notic$ by ,cav4 ,pom>anci1 out ( respect to 8 fa!r1 says ,manc9i1 z ( a ?+ he knew1 & adds1 t ,pom>anci _h good hopes ( him4 ,baglione & ,pio call$ him ,cri/(oro1 a "n he1 p]haps1 receiv$ along ) sev]al o!rs at baptism2 & :i* probably ! ,si5ese arti/ ?\ght m becom+ at ,rome ?an ,il>io1 s9ce he is nam$ ,cri/(oro1 by ,roncalli4 ,"u ,pom>anci he became a pr(ici5t 9 8 /yle 9 fresco1 & imitat$ x p>ticul>ly at ,madonna de' ,monti1 9 "s pictures f ! hi/ory ( ! ,virg91 & 9 an ,asc5sion on ! ceil+2 ! be/ "w1 p]haps1 produc$ 9 ! %ort c\rse ( 8 life4 ,titi uni=mly names him ,cri/(oro ,consolano2 b a consid]ation ( ! anecdotes ( ,manc9i & ,baglione leads u to conv]t x into ,casolano4 ,a ,resurrection ( ,laz>us1 begun by ,aless&ro = ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,francis1 0 f9i%$ by ,v9c5zio ,ru/ici2 :o 0 probably 8 s*ol> & 8 k9sman1 & :o is ! lea/ celebrat$ among ?is family ( pa9t]s4 ,"o ( 8 pictures1 int5d$ = ,santuccio1 0 f9i%$ by ,seba/iano ,folli4 ,! frescos ( ?is arti/ are m num]\s at ,si5a ?an 8 oil pictures3 ! ornam5tal p>ts ( !m are sup]ior to 8 figures1 9 :i* he incl9$ to mann]ism2 8 comp>tm5ts are beautiful1 8 ar*itecture f9ely conduct$1 8 imitations ( /ucco deceive ! eye1 & he 0 exp]t 9 =e%ort5+ :at 0 to be se5 f bel[4 ,9 #afjh he pa9t$ ! frescos ( ,s4 ,seba/ian1 9 competition ) v>i\s arti/s1 & 9 ?is trial ( skill he only yields to ,rutilio ,manetti4 ,9 ! ,guide ( ! ,cav4 ,pecci ,i f9d m5tion made ( designs ( ,casolani1 execut$ 9 fresco by ,/efano ,volpi1 ^: "n n unfrequ5tly occurs 9 t "w1 & :o 0 probably a s*ol> ( t excell5t arti/4 ,cav4 ,v5tura1 ! son ( ,a4 ,salimb5i1 is reckon$ ! ?ird s*ol> ( t ma/]1 ?\gh 8 lessons f ,arcangiolo mu/ h be5 b few4 ,! "y man left 8 home e>ly1 & j\rney+ ?r\gh ! cities ( ,lomb>dy1 he /udi$ ! works ( ,correggio & o!rs1 ^: ta/e began to be applaud$ 9 ,tuscany4 ,he w5t to ,rome 9 ! pontificate ( ,sixtus ,v4 & rais$ a v fav\rable op9ion ( 8 g5ius1 :i*1 giv+ himself up to dissipation1 he did n aft]w>ds fulfil4 ,9 t city he left _m frescos t are prais$ by ,baglione1 among :i*1 ! ,abraham ent]ta9+ ! ,angels1 9 a *apel ( ! ,gesu1 appe>s1 on ! :ole1 ! "w ( a consummate pa9t]4 ,x has some?+ lively & graceful 9 ! col\r+ & ! c\nt5ances1 :i* he always reta9$3 x also %ews att5tion to design & *i>oscuro1 :i*1 9 a great measure1 he aft]w>ds neglect$ 9 8 pa9t+s4 ,9 conjunction ) ,vanni he execut$ "s ceil+s1 &1 p]haps1 d]iv$ advantage f obs]v+ ?is pa9t]1 ?\gh 8 junior by eight ye>s4 ,9 _m ( 8 works he und\bt$ly resembles him 9 8 imitation ( ,b>occio1 & h>dly yields to him 9 grace ( cont\r1 9 expression1 & 9 delicacy & cle>ness ( col\r+4 ,he is admir$ 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,quirico1 & 9 t ( ,s4 ,dom5ick3 9 ! "o is 8 ,appe>ance ( ! ,angel at ! ,sepul*re2 9 ! o!r a ,crucifixion1 ) v>i\s ,sa9ts ar\nd1 :i* are sup]ior to ! g5]ality ( 8 works4 ,9 sev]al o!r places 9 ,si5a !re are o!rs ( great m]it1 especially :]e he pa9t$ 9 ! vic9ity ( ! works ( ! be/ ma/]s ( 8 s*ool4 ,he likewise execut$ "s beautiful hi/orical pieces :5 he vi$ ) ,poccetti1 9 ! cloi/] ( ! ,s]vi at ,flor5ce1 & 9 ! ca!dral ( ,pisa1 :]e he 0 surr\nd$ by su* great pa9t]s4 ,8 ,m>riage ( ! ,virg91 9 ! ca!dral ( ,foligno1 8 ,s4 ,gregory1 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,pet] at ,p]ugia1 8 works 9 ,lucca1 9 ,pavia1 & 9 v>i\s cities ( ,italy1 ju/ify ! rem>k ( ,baglione1 t ,salimb5i 0 impati5t ( rema9+ long 9 any "o place4 ,9 ,g5oa1 h[ev]1 8 /ay 0 n s %ort4 ,! beautiful *amb] 9 ! ,adorno palace1 & o!r works :i* he !re execut$1 are /ill 9 exi/5ce1 :ile _m o!rs h p]i%$4 ,he w5t to ,g5oa at ! same "t ) ,ago/9o ,tassi1 :o s]v$ him = an ornam5tal & l&scape pa9t]1 &1 p]haps1 x 0 ?r\gh him t ,ottavio ,ghissoni1 ( ,si5a1 came to t place2 an arti/1 if ,i am n mi/ak51 =gott5 9 ! annals ( 8 own c\ntry2 9 fresco he 0 m lively ?an correct4 ,he /udi$ at ,rome "u ,*]ub9o ,alb]ti2 b 8 c\ntry1 8 /yle1 & ! "t ( 8 arrival at ,g5oa1 af=d gr\nd to suspect t he _h also receiv$ ! lessons ( ,salimb5i4 ,soprani gives ,v5tura ! surname ( ,bevilacqua1 :i* is r an addition to 8 "n grant$ him by ,c>d9al ,bevilacqua :5 he knight$ him 9 ,p]ugia4 ,cav4 ,francesco ,vanni1 9 ! op9ion ( _m1 is ! be/ pa9t] ( ?is s*ool2 & is reckon$ "o ( ! re/or]s ( ,italian pa9t+ 9 ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,! e>ly in/ruction ( 8 g5ius is to be assign$ ) great] probability to 8 bro!r ?an to 8 /epfa!r4 ,at sixte5 ye>s ( age he w5t to ,rome1 = ! purpose ( design+ aft] ,raffaello & ! be/ ma/]s4 ,he 0 = "s "t "u ! tuition ( ,gio4 de' ,vec*i1 ^: /yle he introduc$ into 8 native c\ntry4 ,!re are specim5s ( him 9 _m *ur*es1 & x is relat$ t !y 7 n reli%$ by 8 fell[ citiz5s2 a circum/ance :i* might occasion him uneas9ess at ! "t1 b soon aft] af=d$ him a la/+ s\rce ( satisfaction4 ,x induc$ him to exam9e ! pictures ( ,lomb>dy1 z 8 bro!r _h done3 & hav+ rema9$ 9 ,p>ma to design "s ( !m1 he aft]w>ds w5t to ,bologna1 :]e he 0 assidu\sly occupi$4 ,ugurgi]i writes t he 0 at t place 9 #affg1 at :i* "t he 0 twelve ye>s old3 ?is ,i believe to be incorrect2 = x 0 unkn[n to ,manc9i1 :o 0 acqua9t$ ) ,vanni4 ,malvasia repeats x on ! au?ority ( ,ugurgi]i2 b he c discov] no?+ fur!r ( ,vanni1 at ,bologna1 ?an 8 be+ !re aft] he _h arriv$ at manhood1 & design+ 9 ! academy ( ,fac9i & ,mir&ola1 to :i* he 0 probably introduc$ by 8 c\ntryman ,m>cucci4 ,he left "s works at ,bologna1 9 ! /yle ( ! ,c>acci1 if he is ! pa9t] ( a ,madonna1 :i* 0 %ewn me z a ,vanni1 9 a cab9et ( ! ,zambecc>i collection4 ,8 ,flight into ,egypt1 pa9t$ = ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,quirico1 9 ,si5a1 be>s also und\bt$ m>ks ( ! ,bolognese s*ool4 ,al?\gh he attempt$ o!r /yles1 he 0 n l ,casolani an adh]5t to none4 ,vanni atta*$ himself to ! elegant & florid mann] ( ,b>occi1 9 :i* he 0 em95tly successful4 ,( ?is1 ! ,humiliation ( ,simon ! ,sorc]]1 :i* he pa9t$ on a /one slab = ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,pet] at ,rome1 af=ds a pro(2 a picture :i*1 ?\gh rec5tly clean$ ) little judgm5t1 is /ill an object ( admiration4 ,bo? ! design & col\r+ are 9 ! mann] ( ,b>occi2 & x is prep>$ ) a due reg>d to ! humidity ( t *ur*2 nor has x be5 f\nd necess>y to remove x1 z has happ5$ to o!r pictures4 ,he also pa9t$ 9 ,si5a1 & 9 o!r ,italian cities1 :]e he has approa*$ ! mann] ( ,b>occi m closely ?an ,viviani1 or any o!r pupil ( t arti/4 ,8 ,m>riage ( ,s4 ,ca!r9e1 ) a num]\s gr\p ( angels1 at ! ,refugio1 is mu* prais$ 9 ,si5a3 z is ! ,madonna1 surr\nd$ by sa9ts1 pa9t$ = ! *ur* ( ,monna ,agnese2 & ! ,s4 ,raymond walk+ on ! ,sea1 9 ! possession ( ! ,dom5ican ,fa!rs1 :i* is suppos$ by "s to be 8 be/ picture 9 ,si5a1 :]e 8 works are v num]\s4 ,among ! f9e/ pictures 9 ! ca!dral ( ,pisa1 is ! ,dispute ab\t ! ,sacram5t1 pa9t$ 9 emulation ( 8 bro!r ,v5tura1 :o _h surpass$ 8 usual /yle 9 ! alt>-piece ( ! angels4 ,at ! ,umilta ( ,pi/oia1 9 ! conv5t ( ! ,camaldules ( ,fabriano1 & 9 t ( ! ,capu*9s ( ,s4 ,quirico1 are "s ( 8 mo/ exquisite works2 & !y are s num]\s 9 o!r places1 t ,i d n imag9e a full catalogue ( !m has ev] be5 made out4 ,he is g5]ally a foll[] ( ,b>occi1 z we h obs]v$2 & amateurs1 deceiv$ pr9cipally by 8 col\r+1 & ! heads ( 8 boys1 :i* appe> ca/ 9 ! m\ld ( ,b>occi1 frequ5tly conf\nd ! latt] ) ,vanni3 b "o1 well acqua9t$ ) ,f$]igo1 obs]ves 9 him m gr&eur ( design1 & great] fre$om 9 ! t\*es ( ! p5cil4 ,! pictures :i* ,vanni execut$ neglig5tly1 or at l[ prices 7( :i* !re are sev]al at ,si5a71 c h>dly be recogniz$ z 84 ,by ! example & lessons ( ,vanni1 ! hon\r ( pa9t+ 0 long support$ at ,si5a4 ,he taught _m pupils1 :o did n1 h[ev]1 rigidly adopt 8 /yle2 b1 z is usually ! case1 imitat$ ! ma/] mo/ rec5tly 9 vogue1 or1 9 o!r words1 foll[$ ! fa%ion ( ! "t4 ,we %all beg9 ) 8 two sons1 to :om he _h giv5 ! names mo/ celebrat$ 9 ! art4 ,mi*elangiolo1 ! elde/1 we h m5tion$ ) applause1 z ! inv5tor ( /a9+ m>ble3 b he did n atta9 mu* celebrity except 9 ?is art4 ,i "k n :e!r he ev] 0 out ( ,si5a1 & !re we f9d few ( 8 pa9t+s1 except a ,s4 ,ca!r9e 9 ! act ( pray+ ) ! ,r$eem]1 :i* 0 pa9t$ = ! ,olivet9e monks4 ,raffaele1 ! second1 left an orphan at ! age ( ?irte51 0 recomm5d$ to ,antonio ,c>acci1 & 9 t s*ool1 accord+ to ,manc9i1 made su* progress z ev5 to surpass 8 fa!r2 b ?is is n ! op9ion ( po/]ity4 ,all all[ t he possess$ gr&eur ( design1 & a f9e ta/e 9 %ad[s & 9 col\r+1 ) "s resemblance to ,cortona1 :o1 9 8 day1 drew aft] him ev5 8 contempor>ies4 ,! bir? ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y1 9 ! ,pace at ,rome1 & sev]al ( 8 o!r pictures1 h no small portion ( ! ideas & contra/s ( ! foll[]s ( ,cortona4 ,he liv$ long 9 ,rome1 & on t acc\nt is frequ5tly m5tion$ by ,titi4 ,tuscany is n defici5t 9 8 works4 ,at ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,ca!r9e1 at ,pisa1 !re is a picture ( ! titul> ,sa9t2 ,flor5ce possesses ! pictures ( ! ,ricc>di saloon2 & at ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,george1 9 ,si5a1 is 8 ,procession ( our ,savi\r to ,calv>y4 ,^! are e/eem$ among 8 f9e/ productions2 & ! la/ is *>act]iz$ z 8 ma/]piece4 ,bo? bro!rs _h ! hon\r ( knigh?ood2 b x 0 m wor?ily be/[$ on ! second ?an on ! fir/4 ,contempor>y ) ! ,cav4 ,raffaello1 z well z 8 assi/ant at ,s4 ,m>ia della ,pace at ,rome1 & 9 sev]al places at ,si5a1 we f9d ! "n ( ,b]n>d9o ,mei4 ,i am unacqua9t$ ) t ( 8 ma/]2 & ,p4 della ,valle1 :o saw sev]al ( 8 works1 sometimes comp>es him to ! ,c>acci1 at o!rs to ,paul ,v]onese1 & to ,gu]c9o1 mu* z ! eclectic philosoph]s adopt or *ange ! maxims ( ! diff]5t s*ools4 ,he comm5ds him = ! airs ( 8 heads1 &1 z "o ( 8 be/ productions1 alludes to a fresco 9 ! ,casa ,b&9elli1 ) an ,aurora 9 a ceil+1 & ) sev]al o!r elegant figures & designs4 ,francesco di ,cri/(ano ,ru/ici1 call$ ,ru/i*9o1 is bett] kn[n 9 ,si5a ?an ^? j m5tion$4 ,he obta9$ ! "n ( ,ru/i*9o1 ei!r because he 0 ! la/ ( a family t _h produc$ ?ree pa9t]s be=e him1 or because he di$ 9 ! outset ( life4 ,?is circum/ance1 p]haps1 has contribut$ to 8 reputation4 ,all 8 rema9+ works are beautiful1 :i* seldom happ5s to arti/s :o live to a great age1 & :o abate 9 dilig5ce z !y advance 9 reputation & 9 ye>s4 ,he is a graceful foll[] ( ,c>avaggio2 & p>ticul>ly excels 9 conf9$ or c&le lights1 mu* 9 ! /yle ( ,gh]>do della ,notte2 b he is p]haps m select4 ,! ,dy+ ,magdal51 9 possession ( ! ,gr& ,duke ( ,tuscany1 & ! ,s4 ,seba/ian1 cur$ by ,s4 ,ir5e1 :i* belongs to ,pr9ce ,borghese1 9 ,rome1 are 9 ?is /yle4 ,b x 0 n ! only "o 9 :i* ,ru/i*9o pa9t$4 ,he _h visit$ ,rome1 & _h /udi$ ! works ( ! ,c>acci & ( ,guido1 ( :i* traces may be discov]$ 9 sev]al ( 8 works2 b1 at ! same "t1 all ( !m possess a c]ta9 orig9ality1 & some?+ peculi>ly 8 own4 ,! be/ ( all 8 pictures at ,si5a is an ,annunciation1 9 ,prov5zano1 be=e :i* ! ,virg91 ,s4 ,ca!r9e1 prays1 surr\nd$ by a multitude ( angels4 ,if ,ru/i*9o pleases 9 o!r works1 9 ?is he en*ants u4 ,he began a "w on ! hi/ory ( ! city 9 ! public palace1 9 :i* 8 fa!r1 ^: figures 7 n equal to 8 decorations1 0 also employ$1 & x 0 f9i%$ by o!r arti/s4 ,rutilio ,manetti1 or1 z ,pecci writes x1 ,mannetti1 foll[$ ,c>avaggio ) less discrim9ation1 b ) great] =ce 9 ! %ad[s4 ,8 pictures at ,si5a are easily recogniz$ by inv>iably p>tak+ ( a c]ta9 sombre hue1 :i* d]anges ! due balance & p>ticipation ( light & %ade4 ,! same objection lies aga9/ _m ( 8 contempor>ies ( e s*ool4 ,! me?od ( purify+ col\rs1 & ( compos+ vehicles1#cjb _h deg5]at$2 & ! injury su/a9$ f ?is defect 0 n obs]v$ 9 ! pictures3 ! arti/ only look$ to ! gr& effect1 to :i* ! age s mu* aspir$4 ,manetti unit$ an improv$ design to ideas above ! common ord]1 & beautiful ar*itecture2 & h5ce1 at times1 he approa*es r to ,gu]c9o ?an to ,c>avaggio4 ,9 ! ca!dral ( ,si5a is 8 ,elijah "u ! junip] tree1 9 :i* ! hi/orian ( t *ur* comm5ds ! =ce ( ! col\r+1 :i* is juicy & natural4 ,_m ( 8 works rema9 9 ! ,c>?usian mona/]y ( ,flor5ce1 & 9 sev]al *ur*es ( ,si5a1 ! mo/ admir$ ( :i* is ! ,repose ( ! ,holy ,family1 9 ,s4 ,pet]'s ( ,ca/elvec*io4 ,9 private collections1 :]e pictures are bett] pres]v$ ?an 9 *ur*es1 we f9d v beautiful ,madonnas by ?is arti/2 & !re is a mo/ exquisite ,lucretia 9 ! possession ( ! ,b&9elli family4 ,he sometimes dep>t$ f 8 usual mann]1 z 9 ! ,triumph ( ,david1 9 ! ducal gall]y1 9 :i* ! %ad[s are n s d>k1 & ! tone ( ! :ole is m lively4 ,m5tion is made 9 ! ,lett]e ,pittori*e1#cjc ( ,b]n>d9o ,capitelli1 a s*ol> ( ,manetti1 & an et*]3 & 9 ! ?ird volume !re is casual m5tion ( "o ,dom5ico ,manetti1 probably ( ! same family1 b n to be mi/ak5 = ! great individual ( ! same "n4 ,he appe>s r to h employ$ himself 9 ornam5t+ private collections1 & pa9t$ a ,baptism ( ,con/ant9e = ! casa ,magnoni1 t has be5 mu* comm5d$4 ,a/olfo ,petrazzi1 z well z ,vanni1 0 a pupil ( ! y\ng] ,salimb5i & ( ,sorri2 & seems1 m ?an any o!r1 to h adh]$ to ! mann] ( 8 ma/]4 ,he frequ5tly aims at pleas+ ! eye1 & n unfrequ5tly *ooses 8 models f ! s*ools ( ,upp] ,italy4 ,a ,m>riage-fea/ ( ,cana1 by 8 h&1 9 a private h\se1 br+s ,paolo /rongly to our recollection4 ,8 ,communion ( ,s4 ,j]ome1 9 ! possession ( ! ,augu/9e fri>s1 p>takes1 p]haps1 too /rongly ( ! mann] ( ! ,c>acci4 ,?is picture1 :i* he pa9t$ at ,rome1 0 mu* admir$ at ,si5a1 & 0 ! orig9 ( 8 great employm5t 9 t city1 :]e 8 pictures are always decorat$ ) mo/ pleas+ *oirs ( angels4 ,8 cab9et pictures 7 also lively2 witness ! f\r ,seasons at ,volte1 a seat ( ! noble family ( ,*igi4 ,he kept an op5 academy = pa9t+ 9 8 h\se1 :i* 0 mu* frequ5t$ by natives ( ,si5a1 & hon\r$ by ! att5dance ( ,borgognone1 :o /opt "s mon?s ) ,a/olfo be=e he w5t to ,rome4 ,h5ce1 _m ( ?is arti/'s e>ly battle-pieces & l&scapes are to be met ) at ,si5a3 ! h\se ( ,sig4 ,decano ,giovanelli1 a lit]>y ornam5t ( t city1 ab\nd$ ) !m4 ,i f9d "s o!r pa9t]s ( ?is s*ool :o are kn[n beyond ! /ate ( ,si5a4 ,antiv$uto ,grammatica1 an em95t pa9t]1 ( ,si5ese extraction1 0 kn[n at ,rome1 :]e he 0 presid5t ( ! academy ( ,s4 ,luke4 ,x is true t he 0 depriv$ ( t (fice = attempt+ to sub/itute "o ( 8 own copies = a ,s4 ,luke1 by ,raffaello1 :i* he _h sold to a g5tleman4 ,he _h a peculi> tal5t 9 ! art ( copy+1 especially heads1 &1 on ?is acc\nt1 he 0 a good portrait pa9t]4 ,al?\gh we are n c]ta9 t he _h any ma/] b "o ,dom5ico ,p]ug9o1 a pa9t] ( little wood5 sc5es1#cjd he obta9$ applause 9 l>ge compositions4 ,!re is an ,annunciation by ,grammatica ( a mo/ brilliant col\r+1 9 ! hospital ( ! ,incurables2 & sev]al ( 8 o!r pictures1 9 diff]5t *ur*es4 ,he di$ at ,rome 9 #afbf4 ,two o!r arti/s1 unkn[n 9 _! native place1 are made kn[n to me by _! signatures4 ,on a ,la/ ,supp]1 9 ! conv5t ( ! ,angioli1 bel[ ,assisi1 ,i discov]$ ,franciscus ,antonius ,s55sis1 #afad1 or !reab\ts4 ,! /yle has en\gh ( ,b>occio to lead me to suspect t he 0 ! s*ol> ( ,vanni1 or ( ,salimb5i3 nor mu/ he be reckon$ ! meane/ ( t s*ool1 = he 0 ma/] ( expression 9 a degree sup]ior to m$iocrity4 ,! figure ( ! dep>t+ ,judas is ! image ( desp]ate resolve1 & w\ld be mu* bett] _h he n giv5 x ! feet ( a bat2 a grotesque conceit4 ,9 ! same neighb\rhood1 at ! *ur* ( ,foligno1 ,i read1 b5ea? a ,holy ,family1 ! "n ( ,m>cantonio ,grec*i1 & ! date #afcd4 ,! /yle is solid1 expressive1 & correct2 m resembl+ ,ti>9i di ,bologna ?an any ma/] ( ,si5a4 ,niccolo ,tornioli1 lately m5tion$1 pa9t$ 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,paul1 at ,bologna1 9 v>i\s cities ( ,italy3 9 ,si5a he left1 p]haps1 no picture 9 public b ! ,vocation ( ,s4 ,mat!w1 /ill rema9+ 9 ! cu/om-h\se4 ,t[>ds ! close ( ! c5tury1 pa9t+ 0 practis$ at ,si5a *iefly by =eign]s4 ,annibale ,mazzuoli1 a fresco pa9t] ( rapid execution b ( little m]it1 0 mo/ employ$3 he aft]w>ds w5t to ,rome1 & is ! la/ "n ins]t$ 9 ! ,eulogies ( ,pio4 ,pa9t+1 h[ev]1 came aga9 into repute at ,si5a1 ab\t #agjj1 :5 its cr$it 0 re/or$ by ,cav4 ,giuseppe ,nas9i1 a s*ol> ( ,ciro ,f]ri4 ,nas9i possess$ ! qualities = :i* ,i h comm5d$ _m ( 8 nation1 a f]vid g5ius1 a f]tile imag9ation1 & a poetic ve92 b 8 poetry 0 ( ! species t prevail$ 9 ,italy dur+ 8 y\ng] days1 a composition unre/ra9$ by fix$ rules4 ,to ?is _s we n unfrequ5tly discov] "s analogy 9 8 pa9t+s1 9 :i* we c\ld desire to f9d m ord]1 a m *oice design1 & col\r+ less vulg>4 ,he always %ews1 h[ev]1 a ta/e = allegory1 great comm& ( p5cil1 & an impos+ air on ! :ole2 & ! obs]vation ( ,r$i1 t he /uns ! behold]1 is n )\t "s f\ndation4#cje ,?is rem>k 0 made :5 ,nas9i _h f9i%$ ! cupola ( ! *apel ( ,s4 ,an?ony1 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,apo/les at ,rome2 9 :i* *apel !re is a picture by ,luti4 ,he aft]w>ds ent]$ into a competition ) ,luti1 & ! fir/ arti/s !n 9 ,rome1 9 ! l>ge prophets ( ! lat]an ca!dral4 ,8 ma/]piece is suppos$ to be ! ,s4 ,leon>d1 9 ,madonna del ,pianto1 at ,foligno1 ! ceil+ ( :i* he pa9t$ ) good frescos4 ,si5a conta9s "s ( 8 f9e/ productions ( e k9d2 above all1 ! pictures ( ! ,novissimi1 int5d$ = ! ,pitti palace1 b transf]r$ f x to ! *ur* ( ! ,conv5tuals ( ,si5a4 ,x conta9s a great numb] ( figures nei!r s select nor s well arrang$ z to arre/ ! eye ( ! spectator2 b he :o w\ld contemptu\sly ov]look x1 let him say h[ _m pa9t]s !n 9 ,italy c\ld h produc$ su* a picture4 ,giuseppe br\ght up two pupils 9 8 h\se4 ,he _h a bro!r nam$ ,antonio1 :o 0 a prie/1 ^: lik5ess is among ! em95t portrait pa9t]s 9 ! gall]y at ,flor5ce4 ,cav4 ,apollonio ,nas9i1 ! son ( ,giuseppe1 0 inf]ior to 8 fa!r 9 ! pr(ession2 yet assi/$ him 9 8 greate/ works1 & held an hon\rable rank among 8 contempor>ies4 ,gioseffo ,p9acci1 ( ,si5a1 a disciple ( ,mehus 9 figures1 & ( ,borgognone 9 battle-pieces1 liv$ 9 ! "t ( ,nas9i4 ,he 0 a good pa9t] ( portraits1 & made a consid]able =tune1 fir/ at ! c\rt ( ,c>pio1 ,vic]oy ( ,naples1 & aft]w>ds 9 ! s]vice ( ! gr& duke ,f]d9&1 at ,flor5ce1 :]e sev]al ( 8 works rema94 ,b 8 *ief m]it consi/$ 9 a k ( ! p5cill+ ( ! old ma/]s4 ,nicolo ,fran*9i di/+ui%$ himself r by re/or+ ! "w ( o!r h&s ?an by 8 own productions1 & ?us furni%$ ,pecci ) mu* conv5i5t in=mation = 8 ,city ,guide2 by 8 skill1 says ! ,cavali]e1 9 re/or+ injur$ specim5s to _! orig9al beauty1 )\t apply+ to !m a fre% p5cil1 & 9 supply+ ! fad$ col\rs ) o!rs tak5 f pa9t+s ( less value1 he entitl$ himself1 9 fact1 to ! praise ( a new discov]y4 ,we %all "h conclude ! s*ool ( ,si5a2 & %all add 9 its praise1 t if x did n produce pa9t]s ( ! v highe/ class1 x at lea/ boa/s _m arti/s1 em95t :5 we consid] _! era1 & few inf]ior1 or n above m$iocrity4#cjf ,x inde$ appe>s1 t ei!r a g5ius = pa9t+ is natural to t p1 or t none ( !m h embrac$ ! art :o 7 n capable ( prosecut+ x successfully4 ,footnote #bii3 ,see ,malvasia1 tom4 i4 p4 #ega2 & tom4 ii4 p4 #cee4 ,footnote #cjj3 ,x has 8 "n & ! ye> #aegi1 :i* date mu/ be false4 ,! wid[ ( ,arcangiolo m>ri$ aga91 & bore ,francesco ,vanni 9 #aefe4 ,consequ5tly ! latt] c\ld n be ! s*ol> ( ,arcangiolo1 ?\gh su* an idea is v preval5t2 & he c\ld give lessons only = a %ort "t to 8 son1 ,v5tura1 or to ,sorri1 & ,casolani1 if ! p]iod ( _! bir? is true4 ,footnote #cja3 ,see lett] #abg 9 vol4 v4 ( ,lett4 ,pittor41 9 :i* !re is a catalogue ( ^? pa9t]s4 ,footnote #cjb3 ,! idea t ! brilliant col\r+ ( ! ,v5etian s*ool 0 ow+ to ! use ( a peculi> vehicle = ! col\rs1 or a c]ta9 v>ni%1 has be5 long ent]ta9$ by arti/s & connoisseurs2 & ! op9ion has be5 sanction$ by great names3 yet x is highly probable t ! great secret ( ! ,v5etian pa9t]s consi/$ n 9 vehicles nor 9 v>ni%es1 b 9 employ+ m9]al col\rs1 & 9 lay+ !m on ! canvas z little mix$ z possible4 ,no col\r d]iv$ f ! vegetable k+dom w /& well :5 mix$ ) oil1 & our be/ col\rs are compos$ ( metallic oxides1 or e>?y bodies highly *>g$ ) ^? oxides4 ,:5 col\rs are mu* mix$ on ! palette !y become inv>iably muddy1 & to him :o aims at brilliancy ( col\r+ no maxim is ( great] consequ5ce ?an to keep 8 palette z clean z possible4 ,! use ( transp>5t col\rs 9 ! %ad[s is ano!r great cause ( brilliancy1 & ?is _c be obta9$ by ! use ( mix$ col\rs4 ,x is produc$ by :at is call$ glaz+1 or lay+ transp>5t col\rs "o ov] ano!r4 ,9 no?+ is ! effect ( glaz+1 9 giv+ transp>5cy1 m obvi\s1 ?an 9 ! a/oni%+ cle>ness ( ! skies & wat] 9 ! works ( ! be/ ,dut* arti/s4 ,t ! magical effect ( ,kuyp's pictures is ?us produc$1 ,i _h an opportunity ( kn[+1 f ! blund] ( a picture-clean]1 :o ?\ght he _h made a great discov]y :5 he f\nd ! ,rh9e ( a deep blue 9 a picture by ?is ma/]2 f :i*1 along ) ! v>ni%1 he _h remov$ a ?9 coat+ ( yell[1 ) :i* ! blue 0 glaz$ ov]1 to produce ! beautiful gre5i% hue ( ! wat]4 7,note by ,dr4 ,traile47 ,footnote #cjc3 ,tom4 i4 ,footnote #cjd3 ,8 "n alone survives 9 ,p]ugia2 ?\gh x is believ$ t "o ( 8 pictures rema9s 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,angelo ,magno1 at ,ascoli1 :]e ! figure ( ,s4 ,giovanni is ascrib$ by ,lazz]i1 9 8 ,ascoli 9 ,prospettiva1 to "o ,gi&om5ico da ,p]ugia1 & ! l&scape to ,gio4 ,francesco da ,bologna1 t is to say1 to ,grimaldi4 ,! figure is 9 ! ,gu]c9o ta/e1 accord+ to ! op9ion ( ,sig4 ,ors9i2 b ,i _c conceive h[ he or ! ,sig4 ,m>iotti 7p4 #bgc7 %\ld n h rem>k$ t x mu/ be ! production ( ,gi&om5ico ,c]r9i1 ( ,p]ugia1 contempor>y ) ,grimaldi & ,gu]c9o1 & n ( t ,dom5ico1 ! pa9t] ( wood5 sc5es1 :o liv$ ab\t an age ant]ior to !m4 ,footnote #cje3 ,lett4 ,pittori*e1 tom4 ii4 p4 #fi4 ,footnote #cjf3 ,a few ( ! names t obta9$ lea/ celebrity 9 ,si5a are po9t$ out by ,p4 ,m4 della ,valle 9 ! ?ird volume ( ! ,lett]e ,s5esi1 7p4 #dei17 among :i* are f\nd ,cresci5zio ,gamb]elli ,nas9esco1 ,deifobo ,burb>9i1 a poor arti/1 ,aurelio ,m>telli1 call$ ,il ,mutolo1 ,gio4 ,bati/a ,ramacciotti1 a prie/ & connoisseur 9 pa9t+2 & ! same may be said ( ,b]n>d9o ,fungai1 & ( ! noble ,m>cello ,loli1 ( ,galgano ,p]pignano1 ) o!rs ( l m]it1 ei!r omitt$ or slightly m5tion$ by ,sig4 ,pecci4 ,p4 della ,valle excuses himself f ! task ( treat+ ( !m 9 favor ( happi] writ]s1 b z we d n pret5d to aspire to t felicity1 we %all leave o!rs to avail !mselves ( ! ,fa!r's lib]ality4 ,,end ,,( ,,vol4 ,i4 ,j4 ,m',cre]y1 ,tooks ,c\rt1 ,*anc]y-lane1 ,london4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes3 ,ar*aic punctuation & spell+ ( words1 names1 titles1 & places1 7 n *ang$4 ,m9or punctuation errors 7 correct$4 ,inconsi/5t hyph5ation 0 /&>diz$4 ,footnotes 7 mov$ to ! end ( ea* *apt]4 ,a *apt] head+ 0 add$ to ,flor5t9e ,s*ool1 ,epo* ,i1 ,section ,,iii1 = consi/5cy ) rema9+ *apt]s4 ,9 ! orig9al1 footnote #bdd conta9s an ov]siz$ lett] ',i' 9 ! ^w ',,copisqve1' to repres5t a d\ble ',i' ( ! ^w ',,copiisqve4' ,9 ! phrase 'sign$ f4 #d s'1 ! figure '#d' is rotat$ #ahj degrees 9 ! orig9al text4 ,! foll[+ *anges 7 made = consi/5cy )9 ! text4 'basso rilievos' & 'bassorilievos' to 'basso-relievos' 'mezzo-rilievo' & 'mezzorilievo' to 'mezzo-relievo' ',pieta' to ',pieta' ',tr9ita' to ',tr9ita' ',w9ckelman' to ',w9ckelmann' ',zannetti' to ',zanetti' ,o!r ,*anges3 ,page ref]5ce = ,epo* ,v 9 ! ,table ( ,cont5ts correct$ f #cec to #cce4 '#agbj' to '#agij' bas$ on ano!r copy ( ! book & ! sequ5ce ( ev5ts 9 ! text4 444,9 ! ye> #agij1 ,lanzi1444 '*ri/ian' to ',*ri/ian' 444,lanzi 0 a good ,*ri/ian1444 ',te(ilos's' to ',te(ilo's' 444,te(ilo's treatise is ins]t$444 'lamp blank' to 'lamp black' 444! ink 7lamp black or pr9t]'s444 ',des>t' to ',des]t' 444,s4 ,john 9 ! ,des]t444 'cr\d' to 'cr[d' 444& a cr[d ( devotees444 'cotempor>ies' to 'contempor>ies' 444& 8 contempor>ies pa9t$444 ',pys*e' to ',psy*e' 444,! features ( ,psy*e h no?+444 'gr\pes' to 'gr\ps' 444gr\ps ( boys444