,transcrib]'s ,notes3 ,words 9 italics 9
 ! orig9al are surr\nd$ by und]scores4  
,v>iations 9 spell+ & hyph5ation rema9 z
 9 ! orig9al4 ,ellipses mat* ! orig9al4 
,a complete li/ ( typographical         
corrections z well z o!r notes foll[s ! 
text4   ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,!oretical   
,,baby ,,at #ah ,,mon?s4                
,,homo-,,culture2                       
,,or1                   ,,! ,,improvem5t
 ,,( ,,(fspr+ ,,?r\gh                   
,,wis] ,,g5]ation4                      
,,by ,m4 ,l4 ,,holbrook1 ,m4 ,d41       
,,editor ,,( ,,! ,,j\rnal ,,( ,,hygi5e1 
,,au?or ,,( ,,hygi5e             ,,( ,,!
 ,,bra91 ,,h[ ,,to ,,/r5g!n ,,!         
,,memory1                  ,,advantages 
,,( ,,*a/ity1 ,,etc41 ,,etc4          ,a
 ,new ,edition ( ,/irpiculture1 ,enl>g$ 
& ,revis$4                              
,,new ,,york3                           
,m4 ,l4 ,,holbrook  ,,co4               
,,london3                           ,l4 
,n4 ,,f[l]  ,,co4                       
#ahii4                                  

,copyright by                           
,m4 ,l4 ,holbrook4                      
#ahig4                       ,ent]$ at  
,/ation]s' ,hall4     ,,preface4   ,dur+
 all ages s9ce man came to himself1 !re 
h be5 enlight5$ ones seek+ to improve ! 
race4 ,! me?ods propos$ h be5 v>i\s1 & 9
 accordance ) ! k & developm5t ( ! "t 9 
:i* !y h appe>$4 ,"s h believ$ t        
education & environm5t 7 all-suffici5t2 
o!rs t ab/95ce f intoxicat+ dr9ks w\ld  
suffice4 ,a v consid]able numb] h held !
 idea t by pr5atal culture alone ! "m c 
m\ld h] unborn *ild into any desir$ =m4 
,! disciples ( ,d>w91 _m ( !m1 h held t 
natural & sexual selection h be5 ! *ief 
factors employ$ by nature to br+ ab\t   
race improvem5t4  ,no d\bt all ^!       
factors h be5 m or less effectual1 b !  
"t has come = man to take special int]e/
 9 8 own evolution1 to /udy & apply1 s  
f> z possible1 all ! factors t w 9 any  
way promote race improvem5t4 ,9 ! pa/   
?is has n be5 done4 ,we are n yet able  
to d x p]fectly1 our k is too defici5t1 

lack ( int]e/ is too univ]sal1 b we c   
make a beg9n+2 great] ?\ghtfulness may  
be giv5 to suitable m>riages2 improv$   
environm5t may be secur$2 bett] hygi5ic 
conditions tak5 advantage (2 food may be
 improv$2 ! k we h ga9$ 9 improv+       
animals & plants1 s f> z applicable1 may
 aid u2 air1 ex]cise1 wat]1 employm5t1  
social conditions1 weal? & pov]ty1      
pr5atal conditions1 all h an influ5ce on
 (fspr+1 & man %\ld be able1 to "s      
ext5t1 to make !m all tell to !         
advantage ( future g5]ations4  ,:atev] !
 conditions ( exi/5ce1 man is able by 8 
intellect to modify & improve !m1 & make
 !m favorably s]ve unborn *ildr54       
,h]b]t ,sp5c] says3 ,on obs]v+ :at      
en]gies are exp5d$ by fa!r & "m to atta9
 worldly successes & fulfil social      
ambition1 we are rem9d$ h[ relatively   
small is ! space occupi$ by _! ambition 
to make _! desc5dants physically1       
morally & intellectually sup]ior4 ,yet  
?is is ! ambition :i* w replace ^? !y n[
 s eag]ly pursue1 & :i*1 in/ead (       

p]petual disappo9tm5ts1 w br+ p]man5t   
satisfactions4  ,if ! *apt]s includ$ 9  
?is volume %\ld help to ar\se 9 ! m9ds (
 read]s1 & especially ! y\ng] portion ( 
!m1 "s heal?y feel+s relat+ to !        
improvem5t ( (fspr+ x w h fulfill$ its  
aim4  ,two ( !m h be5 giv5 z lectures   
be=e societies1 ! ma9 object ( :i* 0 !  
discussion ( subjects be>+ on evolution 
& human progress1 & !y are includ$ 9 ?is
 volume because !y h a close relation to
 ! ma9 subject1 b ! o!rs 7 writt5       
especially = ?is "w4  ,:ile !re may     
appe> 9 a few cases a slight am\nt (    
repetition1 ! au?or tru/s ! read] w n   
consid] x z unp>donable4  ,) ^! few     
words ,i s5d ! "w on its mission hop+ x 
w be> good fruit4                       
,m4 ,l4 ,h4     ,,cont5ts4              
,,/irpiculture4                         
,page4      ,plato's ,re/rictions on    
,p>5tage2 ,lycurgan ,laws2 ,plut>*      
on ! ,tra9+ ( ,*ildr52 ,infanticide     
,among ! ,greeks2      ,gr\p ,m>riage2  
,mak+ ,*ildr5 ! ,prop]ty ( ! ,/ate2     

,grecian ,me?ods ,n ,suitable to ,our   
,"t2 ,sexual ,selection2                
,difficulties 9 ! ,way2 ,an ,exp]im5t 9 
,/irpiculture2      ,int]m>riage2       
,woman's ,selective ,action2 ,man's &   
,woman's      ,co-op]ation2 ,!          
,individual's ,rights2 ,spiritual       
,sympa?y 9      ,m>riage2               
#i   ,,pr5atal ,,culture4       ,jacob's
 ,flocks2 ,an ,illu/rative ,case2       
,beliefs ( ,primitive      ,peoples2    
,bir?m>ks ,r>e2 ,:y ,*ildr5 ,resemble   
,p>5ts2      ,life's ,exp]i5ces ,affect+
 ,*ild2 ,g]m-plasm2 ,cong5ital          
,de=mities2 ,psy*ical ,diseases2        
,telegony2 ,p[] ( ,h]$ity2              
,sobriety 9 ! ,fa!r2 ,sacr$ness (       
,p>5tage2 ,self-control2   #ee          
,,h]$ity ,,& ,,education4       ,!ories2
 ,cont9uity ( ! ,g]m-plasm2 ,a ,rational
 ,view      ( ,h]$ity2 ,h]$ity & !      
,education ( ,*ildr52      ,intellectual
 ,acquirem5ts2 ,in/9ct2 ,k or ,h]$ity2  
,individuality2 ,spectre ( ,h]$ity2     
#ajj   ,,evolution',s ,,hopeful         

,,promise ,,= ,a ,,heal?i] ,,race4      
,sexual ,selection2 ,human ,selection2  
,natural ,selection2      ,conflict     
betwe5 ,evolution>y ,!ories & our       
,humane      ,s5tim5ts2 ,ideal ( ,heal?2
 ,adaptation to ,environm5t2      ,k2   
,effects ( ,liv+ at ,high ,pressure2    
,girls 9      ,manufactur+ ,di/ricts2   
,co-op]ation3 an ,example2 ,hygi5e2     
#acj   ,,! ,,g]m-,,plasm2 ,,its         
,,relation ,,to ,,(fspr+4       ,:at is 
! ,g]m-plasm8 ,! ,primitive ,egg2       
,f]tilization (      ! ,"m-cell         
,necess>y to ,produce ,true ,g]m-plasm2 
,:at      ,f]tilization ,does2 ,its     
,process2 ,helps to ,expla9 ,h]$ity2    
,heal? ( ! ,g]m-plasm ,necess>y 9       
,/irpiculture2 ,surplus      ,vitality  
,necess>y = ,produc+ ! ,be/ ,*ildr52    
,duncan's      ,/ati/ics z to ,ages (   
,p>5ts ( ,f9e/ ,*ildr52 ,effects      ( 
,alcohol on ,(fspr+2 ,food & !          
,g]m-plasm2 ,effect      ( ,air & ,wat] 
on ,g]m-plasm2 ,effect ( ,diseases on   
,g]m-plasm2 ,e ,*ild ,born an ,exp]im5t2

                     #afb   ,,few] ,,&  
,,bett] ,,*ildr54       ,d>w9's         
,op9ions2 ,race ,modifications by       
,natural ,selection2      ,grant ,all5's
 ,views2 ,sp5c]'s ,views on ,p>5tal     
,duties2      ,limit+ ,(fspr+ ,among !  
,natives ( ,ug&a2 ,! ,fijians2          
,*ildr5 ( ,l>ge ,families (t5 ,sup]ior  
to ^? 9 ,small      ,families2 ,"s      
,reasons = ?is2                         
#agi   ,a ,,!oretical ,,baby4       ,our
 ,fir/ ,baby2 ,we _h ,!ories2 ,:at ,"s (
 ,!m ,72 ,my      ,wife's ,love = ,me2  
,my ,s5tim5ts2 ,! ,*ild's ,easy ,bir?2  
,"m's ,rapid ,convalesc5ce2 ,! ,*ild's  
,fir/ ,ba?2      ,=m+ ,good ,habits     
,e>ly2 ,no ,cry+ at ,night2 ,nev] ,rock$
      to ,sleep2 ,8 ,b$2 ,keep+ ! ,/oma*
 & ,b[els ,"r2      ,colic1             
,irritability & ! ,necessity = ,diap]s  
,elim9at$2 ,numb] ( ,meals ,daily2 ,!   
,infant's ,clo?+2 ,at      ,"o ,ye>     
,old2 ,tee?+ ,gives ,little ,tr\ble2    
,requires      ,consid]able ,wat]2      
,le>n+ to ,creep1 ,/&1 ,walk & ,talk    

by ,8 ,own ,ef=ts2 ,inv5ts ,8 ,own      
,amusem5ts2      ,companion%ip ,)       
,p>5ts2 ,mo!r+2 ,le>n+                  
,self-control2 ,ob$i5ce2 ,playmates2    
#ahd       ,notes                       
#aii     ,,/irpiculture4   ,natural     
selection1 :i* is ! c5tral doctr9e (    
,d>w9ism1 has be5 expla9$ z ! survival (
 ! fitte/4 ,on ?is process has dep5d$ ! 
progress obs]vable ?r\gh\t organic      
nature to :i* ! t]m evolution is appli$2
 =1 al?\gh !re has be5 f "t to "t       
degradation1 t is1 a retrogression1 ?is 
has _h relation only to p>ticul> =ms1   
organic life z a :ole evid5c+ progress  
t[>ds p]fection4 ,:5 man appe>$ z !     
culm9ation ( evolution "u t]re/rial     
conditions1 natural selection w\ld seem 
almo/ to h f9i%$ its "w1 :i* 0 tak5 up1 
h[ev]1 by man himself1 :o 0 able by     
artificial selection to secure results  
simil> to ^? :i* ,nature _h atta9$4 ,?is
 is true especially 9 relation to       
animals1 ! dome/ication ( :i* has always
 be5 practic$ by man1 ev5 :ile 9 a /ate 

( nature4 ,dome/ication is prim>ily a   
psy*ical process1 b x is att5d$ )       
physical *anges consequ5t on conf9em5t &
 v>iation 9 food & habits4 ,?is alone   
w\ld h>dly acc\nt1 h[ev]1 = ! great     
numb] ( v>ieties among animals t h be5  
long dome/icat$1 & x is probable t      
actual /irpiculture has be5 practic$ f v
 e>ly times4 ,?is t]m is d]iv$ f ! ,lat9
 /irpis1 a /ock or race1 & cultus1      
culture or cultivation1 & x means1      
!re=e1 ! cultivation ( a /ock or race1  
al?\gh x has come to be us$ 9 ! s5se ( !
 bre$+ ( (fspr+1 & p>ticul>ly ( human   
(fspr+4 ,x is evid5t1 h[ev]1 t 9        
relation to man ?is is too re/rict$ a   
s5se1 & x mu/ be ext5d$ s z to embrace z
 well ! re>+ & tra9+ z ! bre$+ ( *ildr51
 9 fact1 cultivation 9 its wide/ s5se1 9
 :i* is always impli$ ! idea (          
improvem5t4  ,/irpiculture 9 ?is ext5d$ 
s5se 0 n unkn[n to ! anci5ts1 bo? 9 !ory
 & 9 practice4 ,z to ! =m]1 ! mo/ not$  
example is t ( ,plato1 :o1 9 8          
,republic1 propos$ c]ta9 arrangem5ts z  

to m>riage & ! br++ up ( *ildr5 :i* he  
?\ght w\ld improve ! race1 & h5ce be    
b5eficial to ! ,/ate4 ,! ,/ate 0 to     
,plato all 9 all1 & he consid]$ t x %\ld
 =m "o great family4 ,?is idea c\ld n be
 c>ri$ into effect1 h[ev]1 s long z     
indep5d5t families exi/$1 & !re=e ^?    
arrangem5ts _h = "o ( _! *ief aims !    
abolition ( :at we reg>d z family life4 
,?is ,plato ?\ght 0 ! be/ = ! ,/ate1 & !
 advantage :i* 0 suppos$ to accrue to x 
by ! abs5ce ( sep>ate families is       
express$ 9 a m>g9al note1 :i* says3 ,!re
 w be no private int]e/s among !m1 &    
!re=e no lawsuits or trials = assault or
 viol5ce to eld]s4   ,,plato',s         
,,re/rictions ,,on ,,p>5tage4--,! end   
w\ld h>dly seem to ju/ify ! means1 9 ^! 
days1 at lea/1 :5 viol5ce to eld]s is an
 uncommon incid5t2 b h[ 0 ! community ( 
wives & *ildr5 by :i* x 0 s\ght to be   
atta9$ to be br\ght ab\t8 ,x is said1 ,!
 be/ ( ei!r sex %\ld be unit$ ) ! be/ z 
(t51 & ! inf]ior ) ! inf]ior z seldom1 z
 possible4 ,?us ! p 7 to be classifi$   

into be/ & inf]ior1 & :ile ! =m] 7 to be
 br\ght toge!r z (t5 z possible1 ! latt]
 7 n to be unit$ at all if x c\ld be    
avoid$4 ,!re 0 no "q ( m>riage 9 ei!r   
case4 ,9 ! "o1 ! union 0 = ! purpose (  
obta9+ *ildr51 & 9 ! o!r = ! simple     
gratification ( ! passions2 = only !    
(fspr+ ( ! union betwe5 ! sexes 9 ! be/ 
class 7 to be re>$4 ,! *ildr5 ( !       
inf]ior class 7 n to be re>$1 if ! flock
 is to be ma9ta9$ 9 fir/-class          
condition4 ,?is infanticide w\ld matt]  
little to ! p>5ts1 z !y _h no control   
ov] _! com+ toge!r1 nor conc]n ) ! re>+ 
( _! (fspr+4 ,lots 7 to be drawn by !   
less wor?y on ea* occasion ( _! be+     
br\ght toge!r4 ,?is 0 t !y might accuse 
_! ill-luck & n ! rul]s1 9 case _!      
p>tn]s 7 n to _! lik+4 ,! ,/ate 0 to    
provide n only :at m5 & wom5 7 to be    
sexually unit$1 b ! ages )9 :i* ?is 0 to
 be p]mitt$ = ! purpose ( obta9+ (fspr+4
 ,= a woman1 ! beg9n+ ( *ildbe>+ = !    
,/ate 0 fix$ at tw5ty ye>s ( age1 & x 0 
to cont9ue until =ty4 ,= m51 ! p]iod (  

procreation is said to be betwe5        
tw5ty-five & fifty-five ye>s ( age4     
,aft] ! specifi$ ages m5 & wom5 7 to be 
all[$ to range at w1 except )9 c]ta9    
prescrib$ degrees1 b on ! und]/&+ t no  
*ildr5 born to su* unions 7 to be re>$4 
,x is evid5t t "u su* a sy/em ! actual  
relation%ip betwe5 ! memb]s ( ! ,/ate   
family c\ld be kn[n only to its rul]s2 b
 to provide aga9/ ! union ( p]sons too  
ne>ly relat$ by blood1 all ^? :o 7      
begott5 at ! "t _! fa!rs & mo!rs came   
toge!r 7 reg>d$ z bro!rs & si/]s4 ,b ev5
 bro!rs & si/]s might be unit$ if ! lot 
favors !m1 & !y receive ! sanction ( !  
,py?ian oracle4 ,?us f> = ! bre$+ (     
*ildr5 laid d[n 9 ,plato's ,republic4 ,z
 to ! re>+ ( !m1 we ne$ only say t !    
*ildr5 all[$ to live 7 to be plac$ 9 !  
cu/ody ( gu>dians1 to be appo9t$ by !   
,/ate f among ! mo/ wor?y ( ei!r sex1 :o
 7 to br+ !m up 9 accordance ) !        
pr9ciples ( virtue4  ,! idea :i* =m$ !  
basis ( ! regulations z to m>riage 9 !  
,republic 0 c>ri$ into practice by      

,lycurgus 9 8 gov]nm5t ( ,sp>ta4 ,we are
 told by ,plut>* 9 8 ,lives1 t ,lycurgus
 consid]$ *ildr5 n s mu* ! prop]ty ( _! 
p>5ts z ( ! ,/ate1 & !re=e he c\ld n h  
!m begott5 by ord9>y p]sons1 b by ! be/ 
m5 9 x4 ,b he did n attempt to break up 
! private family1 z 0 propos$ by ,plato4
 ,he s\ght r to enl>ge its b\nd>ies by  
all[+ ! introduction ( a fre% pat]nal   
elem5t :5 ?is c\ld be done ) advantage  
to ! ,/ate4 ,?us1 he approv$ ( a man 9  
ye>s introduc+ to 8 "y wife a h&some &  
hone/ "y man1 t %e might be> a *ild by  
him4 ,moreov]1 if a man ( "* became     
impassion$ ( a m>ri$ woman on acc\nt (  
h] hone/y & beautiful *ildr51 he might  
treat ) h] husb& = ! loan ( h]1 t s     
plant+ 9 a beauty-be>+ soil1 he might   
produce excell5t *ildr51 ! cong5ial     
(fspr+ ( excell5t p>5ts4 ,! pr9ciples   
:i* influ5c$ ,lycurgus 7 ! same z ^?    
s\ght to be appli$ by ,plato1 al?\gh 9 a
 diff]5t way4 ,plut>* says1 ,he obs]v$ !
 vanity & absurdity ( o!r nations1 :]e p
 /udy to h _! horses & dogs ( ! f9e/    

bre$ !y c procure1 ei!r by int]e/ or    
money1 & yet keep _! wives %ut up1 t !y 
may h *ildr5 by none b !mselves1 ?\gh !y
 may happ5 to be dot+1 decrepid or      
infirm4 ,h5ce ,lycurgus s\ght to drive  
away ! passion ( jeal\sy by mak+ x q z  
reputable to h *ildr5 9 common ) p]sons 
( m]it1 z to avoid all (f5sive fre$om 9 
_! own behavi\r to _! wives4            
,,lycurgan ,,laws4--,accord+ to ,plut>*1
 ! regulations en=c$ by ,lycurgus1 s f> 
f enc\rag+ lic5ti\sness ( ! wom51 su* z 
aft]w>ds prevail$ 9 ,sp>ta1 did j !     
rev]se1 z adult]y 0 n kn[n among !m4 ,t 
! sy/em 0 b5eficial to ! ,/ate by t5d+  
to secure heal?y (fspr+ is probable2 b  
,lycurgus took o!r means ( br++ ab\t ?is
 result4 ,8 requir+ girls to dance nak$ 
9 public 0 int5d$ to tea* !m mode/y4 ,b 
we are told fur!r3 ,he ord]$ ! virg9s to
 ex]cise !mselves 9 runn+1 wre/l+ & ?r[+
 quoits & d>ts1 t _! bodies be+ /rong & 
vigor\s1 ! *ildr5 produc$ by !m might be
 ! same2 & t1 ?us =tifi$ by ex]cise1 !y 
might ! bett] support ! pangs (         

*ildbir?1 & be deliv]$ ) safety4        
,moreov]1 he provid$ aga9/ ! propagation
 ( disease & de=mation by direct+ t only
 su* *ildr5 %\ld be re>$ z pass$        
exam9ation by ! mo/ anci5t m5 ( ! tribe4
 ,if a *ild 7 /rong & well-proportion$1 
!y gave ord]s = its education & assign$ 
x "o ( ! n9e ?\s& %>es ( l&4 ,?us       
infanticide 0 a recogniz$ "p ( ! ,sp>tan
 sy/em1 z x 0 9 t ( ,plato4 ,! eld]s ( !
 tribe 7 v c>eful ab\t ! nurses to :om !
 *ildr5 7 assign$4 ,:5 sev5 ye>s old1 ! 
*ildr5 7 enroll$ 9 companies1 :]e !y 7  
all kept "u ! same ord] & discipl9e1 &  
_h _! ex]cises & recreations 9 common4  
,! boy ( be/ conduct & c\rage 0 made    
capta91 & _! :ole education 0 "o (      
ob$i5ce4 ,z = le>n+1 ,plut>* says !y _h 
j :at 0 absolutely necess>y2 & c]ta9ly x
 0 n su* z c\ld be recomm5d$ = imitation
 9 ^! days4  ,x5ophon1 9 8 essay on ,!  
,lac$emonian ,republic1 adds little to  
:at ,plut>* tells u ) ref]5ce to !      
m>riage regulations ( ,lycurgus4 ,he    
rem>ks1 h[ev]1 t m>riage 0 n all[$ until

 ! body 0 9 full /r5g?1 z ?is 0         
conducive to ! procreation ( a robu/ &  
manly (fspr+4 ,he affirms1 also1 t ^? :o
 7 all[$ by arrangem5t to associate )   
o!r m5's wives 7 m5 :o _h an av]sion to 
liv+ ) a wife ( _! own6   ,,plut>* ,,on 
,,! ,,tra9+ ,,( ,,*ildr54--,9 8 ,morals1
 ,plut>* gives a diss]tation on ! tra9+ 
( *ildr51 ! fir/ portion ( :i* deals )  
/irpiculture 9 ! limit$ s5se ( ! t]m1 b 
is v inadequate4 ,inde$1 ! only advice  
he gives is t a man %\ld n keep company 
) h>lots or concub9es1 because *ildr5 by
 !m are blemi%$ 9 _! bir? by _! base    
extraction2 & t no man %\ld keep company
 ) 8 wife = issue's sake b :5 he is     
sob]1 le/ he beget a drunk>d4 ,! ma9    
portion ( ,plut>*'s treatise is conc]n$ 
) ! education ( *ildr51 :i* is ! second 
"p ( /irpiculture z a sy/em ( complete  
cultivation4 ,introductory to ! subject 
( education he speaks ( nurs+1 to :i* he
 atta*es mu* importance4 ,plut>* insi/s 
on ! necessity ( mo!rs nurs+ _! own     
*ildr52 nature1 by provid+ !m ) two     

brea/s1 %[+ !m t !y c nurse ev5 tw9s4 ,b
 if !y _c1 !y are to *oose ! be/ nurses 
!y c get1 & su* z are br$ aft] ! ,greek 
fa%ion4 ,=1 z x is ne$ful t ! memb]s (  
*ildr5 %\ld be %ap$ aright z soon z !y  
are born1 t !y may n aft]w>ds prove     
crook$ & di/ort$1 s x is no less exp$i5t
 t _! mann]s be well fa%ion$ f ! v      
beg9n+2 = *ildhood is a t5d] ?+1 &      
easily wr\ght into any %ape4  ,aft]     
ref]r+ to ! importance ( ! *oice ( good 
companions = a *ild1 ,plut>* proce$s to 
consid] ! "q ( education1 :i* he speaks 
( z ! matt] ( mo/ conc]n4 ,z to         
education 9 g5]al1 he po9ts out t a     
concurr5ce ( ?ree ?+s is necess>y to !  
complet+ ( virtue 9 practice1 :i* is !  
aim ( t process1 t is3 ,nature1 reason  
or le>n+1 & use or ex]cise2 ,=1 if      
nature be n improv$ by in/ruction1 x is 
bl9d2 if in/ruction be n assi/$ by      
nature1 x is maim$2 & if ex]cise fail ( 
! assi/ance ( bo?1 x is imp]fect z to ! 
atta9m5t ( its end4 ,!re _c be          
in/ruction--a t]m :i* is "h us$ z       

equival5t to education1 al?\gh ! latt]  
has a wid] signification ?an ! =m]1 &   
be+ equival5t to m5tal cultivation1--)\t
 a tea*]1 & ,plut>* says well1 we are to
 look aft] su* ma/]s = our *ildr5 z are 
blameless 9 _! lives1 n ju/ly reprovable
 = _! mann]s1 & ( ! be/ exp]i5ce 9      
tea*+4 ,= ! v spr+ & root ( hone/y &    
virtue lies 9 ! felicity ( light+ on    
good education4 ,he is1 inde$1 s mu*    
impress$ ) its value t he affirms3 ,! "o
 *ief ?+ 9 ?is matt]--:i* comprise? !   
beg9n+1 middle & end ( all--is good     
education & regul> in/ruction4 ,^! two  
af=d great help & assi/ance t[>ds !     
atta9m5t ( virtue & felicity4 ,he adds3 
,le>n+ alone1 ( all ?+s 9 our           
possession1 is immortal & div9e4        
,plut>* dwells on v>i\s o!r matt]s      
connect$ ) education bett] fitt$ = 8    
times ?an ours1 b he ref]s to !         
importance ( example 9 words t are      
des]v+ ( c>eful consid]ation4 ,he says3 
,! *iefe/ ?+ t fa!rs are to look to is1 
t !y !mselves become effectual examples 

to _! *ildr51 by do+ all ^? ?+s :i*     
belong to !m1 & avoid+ all vici\s       
practices1 t 9 _! lives1 z 9 a glass1 _!
 *ildr5 may see en\gh to give !m an     
av]sion to all ill words & actions4 ,=  
^? t *ide *ildr5 = su* faults z !y      
!mselves fall into unconsci\sly accuse  
!mselves1 "u _! *ildr5's names4 ,& if !y
 are altoge!r vici\s 9 _! own lives1 !y 
lose ! "r ( repreh5d+ _! v s]vants1 &   
mu* m d !y =feit x to _! sons4 4 4 4 4  
,:]e=e we are to apply our m9ds to all  
su* practices z may conduce to ! good   
bre$+ ( our *ildr54  ,x is n improbable 
t ! m>riage regulations ascrib$ to      
,lycurgus 7 bas$ on in/itutions already 
9 exi/5ce among ! ,sp>tans4 ,f ! /atem5t
 ( ,polybius1 t ! bro!rs ( a h\se (t5 _h
 "o wife betwe5 !m1 x has be5 inf]r$ t 9
 ,sp>ta ! ,tibetan =m ( poly&ry 0       
practic$4 ,accord+ to ,plut>*1 ano!r    
curi\s m>riage cu/om prevail$1 %[+ t !  
,sp>tans1 :o diff]$ 9 v>i\s respects f  
o!r ,greeks1 _h reta9$ primitive habits4
 ,?us1 ! bridegroom c>ri$ (f ! bride by 

viol5ce1 & = "s "t aft] ?is m>riage by  
capture he visit$ h] ) great caution &  
appreh5sion ( be+ discov]$ by ! re/ ( ! 
family2 ! bride at ! same "t ex]t$ all  
h] art to contrive conv5i5t             
opportunities = _! private meet+s4 ,&   
?is !y did1 n = a %ort "t only1 b "s (  
!m ev5 _h *ildr5 be=e !y _h an int]view 
) _! wives 9 ! daytime6 ,?is cu/om _h   
mu* 9 common ) ! sadica m>riages ( !    
e>ly ,arabs1 :o1 z we are told by       
,pr(essor ,rob]tson ,smi?1 all[$ a      
woman1 :ile %e rema9$ ) h] own tribe1 to
 receive ! cl&e/9e visits ( a lov]4 ,h] 
(fspr+ 7 recogniz$ z legitimate & became
 memb]s ( ! tribe4 ,! incid5t ( capture 
c\ld n occur1 z x 0 a g5]al cu/om 9     
anci5t ,arabia = a husb& to live among 8
 wife's k9sfolk4   ,,infanticide ,,among
 ,,! ,,greeks4--,! practice (           
infanticide1 :i* 0 ! only mode by :i*   
,lycurgus1 or ev5 ,plato 9 8 imag9>y    
republic1 c\ld really insure ! exi/5ce (
 a heal?y & vigor\s population1 0       
und\bt$ly a survival f primitive times4 

,! sacr$ness ( infant life is ! result (
 ! high moral tone :i* has accompani$ ! 
spread ( ,*ri/ianity2 & x may be said to
 be almo/ unkn[n outside ( ! ,*ri/ian   
era4 ,v>i\s reasons are assign$ by      
diff]5t peoples = ! practice (          
infanticide2 b "o cause univ]sally      
op]ative is ! objection to re>+ mal=m$  
or unheal?y (fspr+4 ,savages adopt v>i\s
 modes ( improv+1 accord+ to _! ideas1 !
 physical appe>ance ( _! *ildr54 ,giv+ !
 prop] =m to ! nose is consid]$ a v     
important matt] by ! native ,au/ralian  
"m & by ! ,polynesian ,isl&]s2 z1 inde$1
 x 0 by ! anci5t ,p]sians1 among :om !  
mold+ ( ! nose to ! prop] curve 0       
ess5tial1 especially 9 ! royal family4  
,! flat head ( ! ,am]ican ,indian ( !   
nor?we/ coa/ 0 at "o "t consid]$ a      
beauty1 & 0 re/rict$ to ! memb]s ( !    
tribe1 slaves n be+ all[$ to und]go !   
necess>y head compression4 ,! small     
artificial foot ( ! ,*9ese lady is ano!r
 case 9 po9t4 ,b h[ev] mu* ! physical   
appe>ance might be alt]$1 no effect c\ld

 ?us be made 9 ! g5]al physique ( !     
race4 ,! mo/ easy way ( keep+ ?is up to 
a prop] /&>d is to de/roy all ! infants 
t possess physical defects2 & su* a     
c\rse is adopt$ by _m savages1 al?\gh x 
is by no means ! mo/ influ5tial cause ( 
infanticide4   ,,gr\p ,,m>riage4--,a    
rem>kable sy/em ( relation%ips1 ) :i* is
 comb9$ a s]ies ( regulations fram$ ) ! 
object ( po9t+ out :at p]sons are       
entitl$ to ent] into ! m>ital relation1 
is f\nd to be preval5t 9 ne>ly all      
unciviliz$ peoples4 ,! memb]s ( a tribe 
are divid$ into two or m gr\ps1 ea* (   
:i* consi/s ( p]sons :o are ne>ly relat$
 by blood1 & :o are =bidd51 !re=e1 to   
int]m>ry4 ,"o ( ! tribes ( ,c5tral      
,au/ralia1 ! ,diey]ie1 has a leg5d :i*  
expla9s ! m>riage sy/em common to !m &  
to all ! o!r tribes1 z be+ int5d$ to    
prev5t ! evil effects ( int]m>riage     
betwe5 p]sons v ne> ( k94 ,! /ory is    
valuable z %[+ ! op9ion ent]ta9$ by     
savages z to ! effect on ! race ( bre$+ 
9 & 9--a subject to :i* we may h        

occasion to make fur!r ref]5ce4 ,dr4 ,j4
 ,f4 ,mc,lennan & o!r writ]s on         
primitive m>riage ref] to ! practice    
among c]ta9 civiliz$ peoples ( antiquity
 ( :at we reg>d z ince/u\s m>riage1 9   
support ( ! view t 9 ! e>ly hi/ory (    
mank9d int]c\rse betwe5 ! sexes 0       
promiscu\s4#ba3;,a ,su* an explanation  
is entirely uncall$ =1 h[ev]1 z ! cu/om 
0 int5d$ to secure purity ( blood1 t is1
 blood ( a p>ticul> l9e ( ance/ors4 ,su*
 m>riages 7 kn[n only to a few peoples1 
& !y 7 evid5tly ( comp>atively late     
orig94 ,:e!r ! purity ( blood 0 att5d$ )
 improvem5t ( ! /ock may be d\bt$2 z1   
:atev] may h be5 ! actual orig9 ( !     
m>riage regulations ( ! num]\s peoples  
among :om ! classificatory sy/em (      
relation%ip is e/abli%$1 !y are int5d$1 
)\t "q1 to prev5t ! int]m>riage ( p]sons
 :o are reg>d$ z ne> blood relations1 ! 
g5]al disapproval ( :i* mu/ h _h "s     
suffici5t reason1 or1 at all ev5ts1 mu/ 
h orig9at$ 9 ideas suppos$ to furni%    
good gr\nds = x4   ,,mak+ ,,*ildr5 ,,!  

,,prop]ty ,,( ,,! ,,/ate4--,! pr9ciples 
:i* 7 embodi$ 9 ! s*eme propos$ by      
,plato1 9 8 ,republic1 to br+ ab\t an   
improvem5t 9 ! race are ma9ly two3      
,fir/1 re/riction on ! =mation (        
procreative unions2 second1 infanticide4
 ,! break+ up ( private or sep>ate      
families necess>ily result$ f ! op]ation
 ( 8 m>riage regulations1 & 0 int5d$ to 
emphasize ! idea :i* ,plato1 l          
,lycurgus1 insi/$ on1 t ! *ildr5 belong$
 to ! ,/ate4 ,lycurgus s\ght to en=ce ! 
same idea by all[+ wives to h int]c\rse 
) o!r m5 ?an _! husb&s1 ?us mak+ *ildr5 
common 9 "s s5se1 :ile reta9+ ! sep>ate 
family intact4 ,?us he introduc$1 or r x
 %\ld be said1 e/abli%$ a modifi$ =m (  
poly&r\s m>riage2 ,plato's sy/em1 on !  
o!r h&1 be+ "o ( m]e pair+1 z 9 ! bre$+ 
( animals4 ,9 ei!r case ! union ( v ne> 
relations 0 n p]mitt$1 t is1 betwe5     
bro!r & si/]1 or p>5t & *ild4 ,yet      
,lycurgus all[$ m>riage betwe5 a        
half-bro!r & si/] by ! same "m4         
,curi\sly en\gh1 ?is 0 =bidd5 by !      

,a!nian law1 :i* p]mitt$ a bro!r & si/] 
by ! same fa!r only to int]m>ry4 ,!     
,greek rule1 z laid d[n 9 ,smi?'s       
,diction>y ( ,greek & ,roman            
,antiquities1 0 t proximity ( blood or  
consangu9ity 0 n1 ) "s few exceptions1 a
 b> to m>riage1 al?\gh direct l9eal     
desc5t 0 s4 ,moreov]1 !re 0 no attempt  
to en=ce consangu9e\s m>riages1 s z to  
ensure purity ( blood1 su* z 0 cu/om>y  
among ! ,incas ( ,p]u1 ! laws ( :i*     
requir$ t ! olde/ son & daught] ( !     
sov]eign %\ld int]m>ry because ! ,incas 
7 desc5d$ f ! ,sun1 & ! ,sun _h m>ri$ 8 
si/] ! ,moon1 & _h unit$ 9 m>riage 8 two
 fir/ *ildr56 ,a m practical reason 0   
f\nd 9 ! rule t ! k+dom %\ld be inh]it$ 
?r\gh bo? p>5ts4 ,h5ce x 0 n p]mitt$ to 
mix ! blood ( ! ,sun1 or r ( ^? :o      
claim$ sol> desc5t1 ) t ( m54           
,,grecian ,,me?ods ,,n ,,suitable ,,to  
,,our ,,"t4--,x is evid5t t ! pr9ciples 
:i* gov]n$ ! anci5ts 9 _! endeavors to  
improve ! race are n capable (          
application at ! pres5t day1 "u !       

conditions ( mod]n civilization4 ,in/ead
 ( plac+ fur!r re/rictions on m>riage1 !
 t5d5cy n[ is to loos5 ^? :i* h hi!rto  
exi/$1 al?\gh c]ta9 regulations1 su* z  
relate to age1 cons5t1 etc41 are        
recogniz$ z necess>y = ! int]e/s ( !    
,/ate4 ,moreov]1 great] facilities are  
giv5 ?an 7 =m]ly all[$ = dissolv+       
ill-assort$ unions1 ?us gett+ rid ( !   
excuse = ! =mation ( irregul>           
connections4 ,nev]!less1 ! int]e/s (    
nei!r society at l>ge nor ( individuals 
w p]mit ( ! introduction ( ! tempor>y or
 occasional pair+ sy/em1 :i* is a return
 to an animal /ate1 &1 !re=e1 n wor?y ( 
! dignity impli$ 9 ! t]m1 m>riage1 & :i*
 is inconsi/5t ) true family life4 ,x   
w\ld be liable to all k9ds ( abuse1 &   
w\ld become1 9 mo/ cases1 a legaliz$    
sy/em ( pro/itution1 ?us dragg+ society 
d[n to a l[] level in/ead ( rais+ x1 &  
t5d+ to ! det]ioration1 in/ead ( !      
improvem5t1 ( ! race1 if n to its       
ext9ction4 ,z to infanticide1 ?is       
c]ta9ly w\ld n be tol]at$ by public     

op9ion1 al?\gh x is n[ l>gely resort$ to
 "u ! guise ( abortion4 ,to legalize    
*ild-kill+ "u any circum/ances w\ld be  
to (f] a premium = murd]1 ev5 if x 7    
p]mitt$ only ) ! express sanction 9 e   
case ( ! (ficials ( ! ,/ate4 ,!re is n[ 
no ju/ification = su* a c\rse1 z !      
education ( ^? :o appe> to be on a m5tal
 level ) ! animals has be5 c>ri$ s f> t 
! t]m idiot may soon h to be dropp$ f   
our vocabul>y4  ,x mu/ be affirm$1      
h[ev]1 t ! :ole subject ( ! improvem5t (
 ! race 0 dealt ) by ,plato1 &1 inde$1  
by ! anci5ts g5]ally1 9 a v crude &     
sup]ficial mann]4 ,?is has be5 well     
po9t$ out by ,pr(essor ,b4 ,j[ett 9 !   
,introduction to 8 translation (        
,plato's ,republic4 ,pr(essor ,j[ett    
objects g5]ally t ! great error 9 !     
speculations ( ,plato & o!rs on !       
improvem5t ( ! race is1 t ! diff]5ce    
betwe5 m5 & ! animals is =gott5 9 !m4 ,!
 human be+ is reg>d$ ) ! eye ( a dog or 
bird fanci]1 or at be/ ( a slave own]2 !
 high] or human qualities are left out4 

,! bre$] ( animals aims *iefly at size  
or spe$ or /r5g?2 9 a few cases1 at     
c\rage & temp]2 mo/ (t5 ! fitness ( !   
animal = food is ! greate/ desid]atum4  
,b mank9d are n br$ to be eat51 nor yet 
= _! sup]iority 9 fight+ or 9 runn+ or 9
 draw+ c>ts4 ,nor does ! improvem5t ( ! 
human race consi/ m]ely 9 ! increase ( !
 bones & fle%1 b 9 ! gr[? & enlight5m5t 
( ! m9d4 ,h5ce !re mu/ be a m>riage (   
true m9ds z well z ( bodies2 (          
imag9ation & reason z well z ( lu/s &   
in/9cts4 ,m5 & wom5 )\t feel+ or        
imag9ation are ju/ly call$ brutes2 yet  
,plato takes away ^! qualities & puts   
no?+ 9 _! place1 n ev5 ! desire ( a     
noble (fspr+1 s9ce p>5ts are n to "k _! 
own *ildr54 ,! mo/ important transaction
 ( social life he :o is ! ideali/       
philosoph] conv]ts into ! mo/ brutal4 ,=
 ! pair are to h no relation to ea* o!r 
b at ! hym5eal fe/ival2 _! *ildr5 are n 
!irs1 b ! ,/ate's2 nor is any tie (     
affection to unite !m4 ,yet ! analogy ( 
! animals might h sav$ ,plato f a       

gigantic error if he _h n lo/ sight ( 8 
own illu/ration6 ,= ! nobl] sort ( birds
 & bea/s n\ri% & protect _! (fspr+ & are
 fai?ful to "o ano!r6 ,x is c]ta9ly     
surpris+1 z ,j[ett says1 t ! greate/ (  
anci5t philosoph]s %\ld1 9 8 m>riage    
regulations1 h fall5 into ! error (     
sep>at+ body & m9d4 ,he did s probably  
?r\gh a false notion ( ! antagonism     
betwe5 ! family & ! ,/ate1 & h5ce1 z    
,lycurgus did n aim at de/roy+ family   
life he escap$ t error4  ,& yet !re is  
no?+ to %[ t ! m>riage regulations (    
,lycurgus _h any real effect on ! *ildr5
 ( ! ,/ate4 ,t ! e>ly ,sp>tans 7 a h>dy 
& c\rage\s p is und\bt$ly true2 b ap>t f
 ! practice ( infanticide1 :i* w\ld     
necess>ily get rid ( ! weak1 _! "* &    
conduct c be expla9$ by ref]5ce m]ely to
 ! sy/em ( tra9+1 bo? ( y\? & maid5s1   
:i* ,lycurgus rigidly en=c$4 ,lac$emon 0
 ess5tially a milit>y republic1 & its   
rul]s aim$ to bre$ soldi]s1 r ?an m5 9 !
 noble s5se 9 :i* ! t]m man is n[ us$4  
,inde$1 !re is no?+ to %[ t any         

compulsory attempt to improve ! race has
 ev] be5 successful1 ap>t f ! effect :i*
 ! de/ruction ( feeble & de=m$ (fspr+   
may h1 & ! influ5ce ( ! sev]e tra9+ ( ^?
 :o are all[$ to survive4  ,nev]!less1 !
 human race has va/ly improv$ s9ce its  
fir/ appe>ance on ! e>?1 if ! tea*+s ( !
 doctr9e ( evolution are true &         
applicable to man z well z to ! inf]ior 
animals4 ,! passage f ! native          
,au/ralian to ! ,european is a long "o1 
& yet !y are suppos$ to repres5t a      
common primitive /ock4 ,! /eps by :i* ! 
,european has be5 gradually develop$1 ) 
8 special *>act]i/ics1 _c n[ be trac$2 b
 "o ( ! *ief ag5cies to :i* ! result is 
due is t to :i* ,d>w9 appli$ ! t]m1     
sexual selection4 ,z natural selection  
has relation to adaptation1 & its aim is
 ! survival ( ! fitte/1 s sexual        
selection has ref]5ce to beauty1 & its  
object is ! p]petuation ( ! mo/         
beautiful1 accord+ to ! ta/e ( ! peoples
 practic+ x4 ,d>w9 0 ! fir/ to po9t out 
! importance ( sexual selection = c]ta9 

purposes :i*1 z /at$ by ,pr(essor ,g4   
,j4 ,romanes1 9 8 ,d>w9 & aft]          
,d>w91#bh3;,a h no ref]5ce to utility or
 ! pres]vation ( life4 ,! latt] writ] 9 
treat+ ( ! subject affirms x is         
univ]sally admitt$ t ! high] animals d n
 pair indiscrim9ately1 ! memb]s ( ei!r  
sex pref]r+ ^? individuals ( ! opposite 
sex :i* are to !m mo/ attractive4 ,_m   
birds & c]ta9 mammals cle>ly display !  
e/hetic s5se1 :i* is %[n by ! =m]       
p>ticul>ly 9 ! adorn+ ( _! ne/s ) color$
 objects2 & x is reflect$ 9 ! p]sonal   
appe>ance ( ! animals !mselves4 ,dur+ ! 
pair+ season1 birds take on _! mo/      
brilliant plumage1 & ! males take great 
pa9s to exhibit _! *>ms be=e ! females1 
actively compet+ ) "o ano!r 9 s do+4    
,!re is simil> rivalry among song birds1
 :o /rive to see :i* c be/ please !     
females by _! s++4   ,,sexual           
,,selection4--,pr(essor ,romanes1 aft]  
ref]r+ to ^? facts1 :i* are consid]$ 9  
detail by 8 great pr$ecessor1 /ates !   
!ory ( sexual selection z foll[s3 ,!re c

 be no "q t ! c\rt%ip ( birds is a      
highly elaborate bus9ess1 9 :i* ! males 
d _! be/ to surpass "o ano!r 9 *>m+ !   
females4 ,obvi\sly ! inf]5ce is t !     
males d n take all ?is tr\ble = no?+2 b 
t ! females give _! cons5t to pair ) !  
males ^: p]sonal appe>ance1 or ^: voice1
 proves to be ! mo/ attractive4 ,b1 if  
s1 ! "y ( ! male bird :o is ?us select$ 
w inh]it 8 sup]ior beauty2 & ?us1 9     
successive g5]ations1 a cont9u\s advance
 w be made 9 ! beauty ( plumage or (    
song1 z ! case may be1--bo? ! orig9 &   
developm5t ( beauty 9 ! animal _w be+   
?us suppos$ due to ! e/hetic ta/e ( !   
animals !mselves4  ,x is n necess>y to  
ref] p>ticul>ly to ! evid5ce 9 support (
 ! !ory ( sexual selection4 ,!re c be no
 d\bt t x is a mo/ important factor 9 ! 
p]petuation & increase ( c]ta9 *>act]s1 
^? :i* come )9 ! category ( beautiful1 !
 v exi/5ce ( :i* proves !m to be        
b5eficial to ! /ock to :i* ! animals    
exhibit+ !m belong4 ,! fundam5tal fact  
is t !y h ! effect ( *>m+ ! females into

 a p]=mance ( ! sexual act2 an op9ion   
:i* is support$ by ! m g5]al fact t bo? 
among quadrup$s & birds1 individuals ( !
 "o sex are capable ( feel+ a /rong     
antipa?y aga9/1 or a /rong pref]5ce =1  
c]ta9 individuals ( ! opposite sex4  ,^!
 /atem5ts are applicable also to man1 ) 
:om ! pr9ciple ( sexual selection mu/ h 
be5 influ5tial to at lea/ ! same degree 
z among ! l[] animals4 ,x may be        
expect$1 inde$1 to be m influ5tial1 z ! 
e/hetic ta/e ) :i* x is associat$       
becomes m highly develop$ ) man ?an )   
any memb] ( ! animal k+dom4 ,ev5 "h x is
 n a "q ( m]e coloration4 ,! !ory (     
sexual selection z fram$ by ,d>w9 is    
conc]n$1 z ,romanes po9ts out1 n s mu* )
 color itself z ) ! p>ticul> disposition
 ( color 9 ! =m ( ornam5tal patt]ns4 ,^!
 h a k9d ( /ructural value1 & c]ta9     
birds1 moreov]1 possess actual /ructural
 peculi>ities1 su* z ornam5tal app5dages
 to ! beak1 ! only use ( :i* w\ld appe> 
to be to *>m ! female dur+ c\rt%ip4 ,we 
may suppose1 !re=e1 t sexual selection  

has affect$ n m]ely :at may be t]m$ !   
sup]ficial *>act]s ( man1 b to "s ext5t1
 at lea/1 ^? :i* h a /ructural value4   
,! pr9ciple ( sexual selection is       
applicable prim>ily to ! *>act]i/ics ( !
 male2 b ,d>w9 supposes !m to h be5     
transf]r$ to ! o!r sex1 & ?r\gh !m      
transmitt$ to ! race g5]ally4 ,9 8      
,desc5t ( ,man1 he rem>ks ( ! actual    
influ5ce ov] ! race ( t pr9ciple3 ,!    
n]v\s sy/em n only regulates mo/ ( !    
exi/+ functions ( ! body1 b has         
indirectly influ5c$ ! progressive       
developm5t ( v>i\s bodily /ructures & ( 
c]ta9 m5tal qualities4 ,c\rage1         
pugnacity1 p]sev]ance1 size & /r5g? (   
body1 weapons ( all k9ds1 musical       
organs1 bo? vocal & in/rum5tal1 bright  
col\rs & ornam5tal app5dages h all be5  
indirectly ga9$ by ! "o sex or ! o!r1   
?r\gh ! ex]tion ( *oice1 ! influ5ce (   
love & jeal\sy1 & ! appropriation ( !   
beautiful 9 s\nd1 col\r or =m2 & ^! p[]s
 ( ! m9d manife/ly dep5d on ! developm5t
 ( ! bra94  ,t sexual selection has     

actually result$ 9 modification ( human 
physical /ructure1 ,d>w9 ?9ks c be %[n  
by ref]5ce to ! anci5t ,p]sians1 ^: type
 0 greatly improv$ by int]m>riage ) !   
beautiful ,georgian & ,circassian wom54 
,he ref]s to sev]al simil> cases1 &     
p>ticul>ly to ! ,joll(s ( ,we/ ,africa1 
^: h&some appe>ance is said to be due to
 _! reta9+ = wives only _! mo/ beautiful
 slaves1 ! o!rs be+ sold4  ,sexual      
selection may be op]ative = ! improvem5t
 ( ! race ?r\gh ! action ( ei!r man or  
woman1 & ! conditions ( its activity are
 diff]5t 9 ei!r case4 ,z to ! action (  
man1 ,d>w9 says 9 relation to primitive 
peoples3 ,! /ronge/ & mo/ vigor\s m5--^?
 :o c\ld be/ def5d & hunt = _! families1
 :o 7 provid$ ) ! be/ weapons & possess$
 ! mo/ prop]ty1 su* z a l>ge numb] (    
dogs or o!r animals--w\ld succe$ 9 re>+ 
a great] av]age numb] ( (fspr+ ?an !    
weak] & poor] memb]s ( ! same tribe4    
,!re c1 also1 be no d\bt t su* m5 w\ld  
g5]ally be able to select ! m attractive
 wom54 ,at pres5t1 ! *iefs ( ne>ly e    

tribe ?r\gh\t ! _w succe$ 9 obta9+ m ?an
 "o wife4  ,) ref]5ce to selection by ! 
wom51 ,d>w9 %[s t among savages !y h mu*
 m to say 9 _! m>riages ?an is usually  
suppos$4 ,he rem>ks3 ,!y c tempt ! m5 !y
 pref]1 & c sometimes reject ^? :om !y  
dislike1 ei!r be=e or aft] _! m>riage4  
,pref]5ce on ! "p ( ! wom51 /eadily act+
 9 any "o direction1 w\ld ultimately    
affect ! "* ( ! tribe1 = ! wom5 w\ld    
g5]ally *oose1 n m]ely ! h&some/ m51    
accord+ to _! /&>d ( ta/e1 b ^? :o 7 at 
! same "t be/ able to def5d & support   
!m4 ,su* well-end[$ pairs w\ld commonly 
re> a l>g] numb] ( (fspr+ ?an ! less    
favor$4 ,d>w9 adds3 ,! same result w\ld 
obvi\sly foll[ 9 a /ill m m>k$ mann] if 
!re 7 selection on bo? sides1 t is1 if !
 m attractive1 & at ! same "t m p[]ful  
m5 7 to pref]1 & 7 pref]r$ by1 ! m      
attractive wom54 ,& ?is d\ble =m (      
selection seems actually to h occurr$1  
especially dur+ ! e>li] p]iods ( our    
long hi/ory4  ,! inve/igations ( ,d>w9 z
 to ! op]ation ( sexual selection _h    

ref]5ce *iefly to ! modification (      
physical *>act]s4 ,he did n altoge!r    
lose sight1 h[ev]1 ( its possible       
influ5ce 9 affect+ = ! bett] ! m5tal    
*>act]i/ics ( ! race4 ,he concludes 8   
enquiry by ! rem>k t ,man might by      
selection d some?+1 n only = ! bodily   
con/itution & frame ( 8 (fspr+1 b = _!  
intellectual & moral qualities4 ,bo?    
sexes ought to refra9 f m>riage if !y   
are 9 any m>k$ degree inf]ior 9 body or 
m9d2 b su* hopes are ,utopian1 & w nev] 
be ev5 p>tially realiz$ until ! laws (  
inh]itance are ?or\ghly kn[n4 ,e "o does
 good s]vice :o aids t[>ds ?is end4  ,x 
is 9 ! application ( ! pr9ciple ( sexual
 selection to ! m5tal *>act]i/ics ( man1
 t any real improvem5t ( ! race1 view$ z
 consi/+ ( human be+s & n ( m]e animals1
 mu/ be br\ght ab\t4 ,beauty ( physical 
=m & feature is ( importance 9 human    
relations only s f> z x is associat$ )  
beauty ( m9d & "*1 t is1 ) high         
intellectual & moral atta9m5ts4 ,t ^!   
(t5 g toge!r is true1 b x is n always ! 

case4 ,grant ,all5 says3 ,to be s\nd 9  
w9d & limb2 to be heal?y ( body & m9d2  
to be educat$2 to be emancipat$2 to be  
free1 to be beautiful--^! ?+s are ends  
t[>ds :i* all %\ld /rive1 & by atta9+   
:i* all are happi] 9 !mselves1 & m      
useful to o!rs4 ,b physical &           
intellectual p]fection are n always f\nd
 toge!r1 z 0 obs]v$ by ,d>w91 :5 he     
m5tion$ among ! causes :i* int]f]e ) !  
physical action ( sexual selection !    
fact t m5 are l>gely attract$ by ! m5tal
 *>ms ( wom54 ,pr(essor ,j[ett affirms  
truly t ,_m ( ! noble/ specim5s ( !     
human race h be5 among ! weake/         
physically4 ,tyrta5s or ,a,esop1 or our 
own ,newton1 w\ld h be5 de/roy$ at      
,sp>ta1 & "s ( ! faire/ & /ronge/ m5 &  
wom5 h be5 among ! wick$e/ & wor/4      
,h5ce1 he prop]ly inf]s t ,n by !       
,platonic device ( unit+ ! /rong & !    
fair ) ! /rong & ! fair1 reg>dless (    
s5tim5t & morality1 nor yet by 8 o!r    
device ( comb9+ dissimil> natures1 h    
mank9d gradually pass$ f ! brutality &  

lic5ti\sness ( primitive m>riage to     
m>riage ,*ri/ian & civiliz$4  ,! tru? ( 
?is inf]5ce _c be d5i$1 because to leave
 out ( view consid]ations ( s5tim5t &   
morality w\ld fatally vitiate any s*eme 
= ! improvem5t ( ! human race4 ,b       
,pr(essor ,j[ett affirms t1 ,we d n "k  
h[ by artificial means any improvem5t 9 
! bre$ c be effect$4 ,! problem is no   
d\bt a complex "o4 ,z he po9ts out1 a   
*ild has usually ?irty prog5itors only  
f\r /eps back1 & :atev] tru? !re may be 
9 ! inh]itance ( special physical       
*>act]s1 ,we h a difficulty 9 di/+ui%+  
:at is a true inh]itance ( g5ius or o!r 
qualities1 & :at is m]e imitation or !  
result ( simil> circum/ances4 ,great m5 
& great wom5 h r>ely _h great fa!rs &   
mo!rs4 ,pr(essor ,j[ett ?9ks1 inde$1 t  
too mu* importance may be ascrib$ to    
h]$ity4 ,he says3 ,! doctr9e ( h]$ity   
may seem to take out ( our h&s ! conduct
 ( our lives1 b x is ! idea1 n ! fact1  
:i* is really t]rible to u4 ,= :at we h 
receiv$ f our ance/ors is only a        

fraction ( :at we are or may become4 ,! 
k t drunk5ness or insanity has be5      
preval5t 9 a family may be ! be/        
safegu>d aga9/ _! recurr5ce 9 a future  
g5]ation4 ,! p>5t w be mo/ awake to !   
vices or diseases 9 8 *ild ( :i* he is  
mo/ s5sible )9 himself4 ,! :ole ( life  
may be direct$ to _! prev5tion or cure4 
,! traces ( corruption may become fa9t]1
 or be :olly effac$2 ! inh]it$ t5d5cy to
 vice & crime may be eradicat$4 ,& s    
h]$ity1 f be+ a curse1 may become a     
bless+4 ,we ackn[l$ge t 9 ! matt] ( our 
bir?1 z 9 our nature g5]ally1 !re are   
previ\s circum/ances :i* affect u4 ,b on
 ?is plat=m ( circum/ances1 or )9 ?is   
wall ( necessity1 we h /ill ! p[] (     
creat+ a life = availm5t by ! re=m+     
en]gy ( ! human w4  ,!re is mu* tru? 9  
^! rem>ks ( ,pr(essor ,j[ett1 b !y d n  
affect ! argum5t 9 favor ( ! possibility
 ( br++ ab\t an improvem5t 9 ! race if !
 prop] means are adopt$4 ,x w\ld n be   
any wis] = ! /rong & heal?y to m>ry ) ! 
sick & weak1 because ! latt] happ5 to be

 highly intellectual or moral1 ?an to   
m>ry ) ! /rong & heal?y if ^! physical  
*>act]s are unit$ ) m5tal weakness or   
immorality4 ,!re is a cons5sus ( op9ion 
at ! pres5t day1 t :at %\ld be aim$ at  
is ! union ( physical p]fection ) t (   
intellect & "*1 9 ! p]suasion t /eps    
t[>ds ?is end w ultimately lead to !    
g5]al improvem5t ( ! human race4        
,,difficulties ,,9 ,,! ,,way4--,!       
difficulty is to devise & c>ry out "s   
s*eme = ! purpose :i* %all be bo?       
feasible & agreeable to public s5tim5t4 
,! latt] consid]ation w\ld prev5t any   
attempt at active /irpiculture "u ,/ate 
direction1 al?\gh ! ,/ate might         
indirectly affect ! result by subsidi>y 
regulations z to m>riage & tra9+ (      
*ildr54 ,!re is no?+1 h[ev]1 to prev5t !
 sy/ematic ef=ts ( private individuals1 
& 9 su* cases ! causes :i* ,d>w9 cites z
 int]f]+ ) ! physical action ( sexual   
selection w\ld n op]ate4 ,! mo/         
sy/ematic exp]im5t 9 /irpiculture (     
mod]n times 0 t orig9at$ by ,john       

,humphrey ,noyes at ! ,oneida           
,community1 9 c5tral ,new ,york1 f #ahfh
 to #ahgi4 ,a pap] on ?is exp]im5t 0    
read by ,anita ,newcomb ,mc,gee be=e !  
,am]ican ,sci5ce ,association 9 ,augu/1 
#ahia1 :i* 0 publi%$ 9 ,! ,am]ican      
,an?ropologi/1 #ahia1 & ! foll[+ facts  
are tak5 f t pap]4   ,,an ,,exp]im5t ,,9
 ,,/irpiculture4--,noyes 0 ! f\nd] ( a  
religi\s sect1 ! memb]s ( :i*1 ow+ to _!
 desire = fre$om f s91 7 call$          
,p]fectioni/s4 ,hol9ess 0 ! fir/        
pr9ciple ( _! cre$1 & ,noyes ?\ght to   
transmit t condition f "o g5]ation to   
ano!r by a process ( /irpiculture4 ,to  
ov]come ! selfi%ness ( monogamic m>riage
 he devis$ a sy/em ( regulat$           
promiscuity1 beg9n+ at e>lie/ pub]ty1 & 
by a me?od ( 8 own inv5tion he sep>at$ !
 amative f ! propagative functions4 ,its
 fir/ pr9ciple 0 t ( a judici\s 9 & 9   
bre$+1 ) occasional m+l+ ( =eign blood1 
z 9 /ock-rais+4 ,! second pr9ciple      
adopt$ 0 t ( c>eful selection (         
individuals = bre$+ purposes4           

,g5ealogies 7 /udi$ & m$ical hi/ories   
compil$4 ,a committee1 head$ by ,noyes1 
select$ ! holie/ memb]s :o 7 free f     
physical defects1 intellectual & o!r    
consid]ations be+ giv5 less weight at   
fir/1 al?\gh 9 lat] ye>s !y receiv$ m   
consid]ation4 ,! p>5ts 7 ( all ages1 b !
 fa!r 0 always old] ?an ! "m4 ,"s       
sympa?y betwe5 ! p]sons mat$ 0 always   
requir$2 & if a proposition = union came
 f two individuals x 0 all[$ if no      
objections 7 f\nd4 ,noyes held t uncle &
 niece are z mu* relat$ z fa!r &        
daught]1 because bro!rs h id5tical      
blood1 & t c\s9s are 9 ! same relation  
to ea* o!r z half bro!rs4 ,9 ! ,oneida  
,community uncles & nieces twice pair$1 
& x is noticeable t a consid]able       
proportion ( ! *ildr5 _h ,noyes' blood  
on "o or bo? sides4 ,! f\nd] himself _h 
n9e *ildr5 9 ! ,community1 to :i*       
belong$ also 8 bro!r1 8 two si/]s & _!  
*ildr54 ,z to ! c>e ( ! *ildr51 ?is     
belong$ exclusively to ! mo!rs = ! fir/ 
n9e mon?s1 aft] :i* = a fur!r n9e mon?s 

!y took *>ge ( _! (fspr+ at night only4 
,:5 eighte5 mon?s old1 ! *ildr5 7       
transf]r$ to a sep>ate dep>tm5t :i* 0   
manag$ by ^? :o _h %[n !mselves         
specially fitt$ = ! "w4  ,let u see :at 
0 ! result ( ,noyes' exp]im5t4 ,( !     
sixty#ci3;,a *ildr5 born1 five di$ at or
 ne> *ildbir? f un=ese5 causes dep5d+ ^u
 ! "m4 ,all ! o!rs 7 alive at ! date (  
,mrs4 ,mc,gee's communication1 except a 
boy :o 0 re>$ 9 spite ( weakness1 & di$ 
f a trifl+ malady :5 ab\t sixte5 ye>s ( 
age4 ,all ! *ildr5 7 /rong & heal?y1 !  
boys be+ tall--sev]al ov] six           
feet--broad-%\ld]$ & f9ely proportion$2 
! girls robu/ & well-built4 ,x is       
rem>kable1 t among ! *ildr5 betwe5 five 
& n9e ye>s ( age1 ?irte5 7 boys & six   
only 7 girls4 ,) ref]5ce to _!          
intellectual ability1 x is /at$ by ,mrs4
 ,mc,gee t1 ( ! olde/ sixte5 boys1 t5 7 
9 bus9ess1 *iefly employ$ z cl]ks1 =em51
 etc41 9 ! manufactories ( ! jo9t /ock  
company4 ,! elev5? 0 a musician (       
repute2 ano!r a m$ical /ud5t2 "o pass$  

?r\gh college & /udi$ law2 "o 0 a       
college s5ior1 & "o ent]$ college aft]  
w9n+ ,/ate & local s*ol>%ips1 & gave    
great ma!matical promise4 ,! sixte5? boy
 0 a me*anic1 & ! only "o employ$ 9     
manual labor4 ,( ! six girls betwe5     
eighte5 & tw5ty-two ye>s1 ?ree are said 
by ,mrs4 ,mc,gee to be especially       
intellectual4 ,! mo!rs ( ^! *ildr5      
usually belong$ to ! classes employ$ 9  
manual labor1 :ile ! fa!rs1 ) !         
exception ( ! ,noyes family & half a    
doz5 lawy]s1 doctors & cl]gym51 7 all   
f>m]s & me*anics4 ,x is notewor?y t1 z a
 rule1 ! fa!rs 7 ! intellectual sup]iors
 ( _! mates1 & enquiry develops ! fact1 
kn[n 9 ! ,community1 t 9 ^! cases !     
*ildr5 are m>k$ly sup]ior to ! mat]nal  
/ock4  ,:5 ?is sy/em ( complex m>riage  
_h be5 9 op]ation tw5ty ye>s1 ! desire  
to return to ! old sy/em ( monogamy     
arose1 & x became s /rong 9 ! ,community
 t its f\nd] retir$ f x1 & on ,augu/    
#bf1 #ahgi1 complex m>riage 0 r5\nc$1   
al?\gh nom9ally 9 def]5ce to public     

s5tim5t4 ,tw5ty-five c\ples :o _h be5   
m>ri$ be=e ent]+ ! ,community aga9      
became husb& & wife1 & tw5ty m>riages   
betwe5 o!r individuals took place )9 f\r
 mon?s aft] ! ab&onm5t ( ! /irpicultural
 exp]im5t4 ,!re 7 !n 9 ! ,community two 
hundr$ & sixte5 adults & eighty-?ree    
*ildr5 "u tw5ty ye>s ( age4  ,s f> z !  
real object :i* ! f\nd] ( ! ,oneida     
,community _h 9 view 9 8 m>riage sy/em1 
x 0 und\bt$ly a failure1 z ( ! (fspr+1 9
 spite ( _! e>ly doctr9al tra9+1 only a 
v few are *ur* memb]s1 & b "o is a      
,p]fectioni/4 ,?is is ! son ( an uncle &
 a niece1 bo? ( ,noyes' blood4 ,f a     
physical & intellectual /&po9t !        
exp]im5t w\ld seem to h giv5 promise (  
success1 b x cont9u$ too %ort a "t to be
 ( mu* sci5tific value4 ,! result may be
 /at$ 9 ! words ( ,mrs4 ,mc,gee1 :o says
 t ! complete failure to p]petuate !    
*ur* ?r\gh /irpiculture w\ld seem to    
indicate t1 :ile our race w\ld d\btless 
be greatly b5efit$ by m att5tion to laws
 ( bre$+1 yet to attempt promulgation ( 

a belief by ?is means alone is only to  
c\rt defeat4 ,9 spite ( ! en]gy &       
magnetism ( s rem>kable a man z ,noyes1 
9 spite ( 8 long-cont9u$ ef=ts1 & j :5  
success seem$ )9 8 grasp1 8 "o          
misjudgm5t ( human nature bore fruit1 ! 
neglect$ in/9ct ( monogamy arose 9 its  
might & cru%$ to no?+ ! :ole /ructure1 &
 he1 ! build]1 w5t la/ ( all4 ,) ! close
 ( 8 life1 ,april #ac1 #ahhf1 end$ a    
unique & int]e/+ hi/ory4                
,,int]m>riage4--,we h se5 t ! f\nd] ( ! 
,oneida ,community p]mitt$ ! int]m>riage
 ( uncle & niece1 al?\gh he consid]$ !m 
relat$ z ne>ly z fa!r & daught]4 ,?is "q
 ( ! int]m>riage ( ne> blood relations  
is an important "o 9 its be>+ on ! "q ( 
/irpiculture1 & z already m5tion$1 x has
 engag$ ! att5tion ( ne>ly all ! l[]    
races ( mank9d4 ,x has1 inde$1 be5      
provid$ aga9/ by ! m>riage re/rictions (
 mo/ uncultur$ peoples1 & _! sy/ems (   
relation%ip cle>ly po9t out :at p]sons  
are )9 ! p]mitt$ limits ( m>riage4 ,x   
appe>s to be ! g5]al rule t ! *ildr5 (  

two bro!rs or ( two si/]s1 :e!r own or  
tribal1 _c int]m>ry1 b t ! *ildr5 ( a   
bro!r & ^? ( a si/] may be ?us unit$1   
al?\gh sometimes ?is is n all[$ :]e own 
bro!r & si/] are conc]n$4#db3;,a  ,! "q 
( ! effect on (fspr+ ( consangu9e\s     
m>riages 0 "s "t ago p>ticul>ly enquir$ 
into by ,mr4 ,a4 ,h4 ,hu?1 :o1 aft] a   
consid]ation ( all ! in=mation          
available1 came1 9 8 "w1 ,! ,m>riage (  
,ne> ,k91 to ! foll[+ conclusions3      
#a--,t any det]ioration ?r\gh ! m>riage 
( ne> k91 p] se1 ev5 if !re be su* a ?+ 
9 ! l[] animals1 is impossible 9 man1   
ow+ to ! sl[ propagation ( ! species4   
#b--,t any det]ioration ?r\gh ! *ance   
accumulation ( an idiosyncrasy1 ?\gh m  
likely to occur 9 families :]e ! m>riage
 ( blood relations 0 habitual1          
practically does n occur (t5] ?an 9 o!r 
m>riages1 or x w\ld be m easily         
demon/rat$4  #c--,t1 see+ ! d\bt1 to say
 ! lea/ ( x1 :i* exi/s conc]n+ ! effect 
= h>m ( m>riages betwe5 ne> k91 & on !  
o!r h& ! c]ta9ty t :5ev] & :]ev] m>riage

 is imp$$ a direct & proportionate      
impulse is giv5 to ! practice (         
immorality1 x is advisable n to ext5d ! 
prohibition aga9/ m>riage beyond ! ?ird 
collat]al degree1 & to p]mit all        
m>riages ( aff9ity except+ ^? 9 ! direct
 asc5d+ or desc5d+ l9e4  ,!re appe>s to 
be no d\bt t :at are reg>d$ among       
,*ri/ian peoples z ince/u\s m>riages are
 n desirable4 ,h[ f> m>riage unions     
betwe5 fir/ c\s9s are advisable dep5ds1 
z appe>s f ,mr4 ,hu?'s rem>ks1 on       
consid]ations :i* affect ! "q g5]ally4  
,if !re are any s]i\s physical1         
intellectual or moral defects on ei!r   
side1 no m>riage %\ld take place4       
,,woman',s ,,selective ,,action4--,ap>t 
f ! "q ( consangu9ity1 ! pr9ciples :i*  
%\ld gov]n all m>riages is t ( sexual   
selection1 :i* %\ld h ref]5ce1 h[ev]1 n 
m]ely to physical *>act]s1 b also to    
m5tal & moral *>act]i/ics4 ,9 apply+ ?is
 pr9ciple1 x mu/ be rememb]$ t :ile man1
 l ! male ( all animals1 does ! c\rt+1  
woman1 l all females1 makes ! selection2

 at lea/ ?is is ! g5]al rule among ! mo/
 cultur$ peoples4 ,?us x is evid5t t    
woman possesses ! p[] ( l>gely influ5c+ 
! improvem5t ( ! human race1 & 9 ?is    
fact we may see ! possibility ( ?is be+ 
effect$ by ! op]ation ( g5]al social    
causes1 )\t hav+ rec\rse to individual  
exp]im5ts1 su* z t und]tak5 by ,noyes1  
:i* are necess>ily limit$ 9 _! action1 &
 may1 aft] all1 h l practical result4   
,if all wom5 c\ld be induc$ to comb9e = 
t end !y c\ld probably br+ ab\t ! desir$
 improvem5t by _! own ef=ts4  ,on ?is   
subject ! well-kn[n naturali/1 ,mr4 ,a4 
,r4 ,wallace1 has "s judici\s rem>ks 9  
an article on ,human ,progress1 ,pa/ &  
,future1 9 ,! ,ar5a = ,janu>y1 #ahib4   
,mr4 ,wallace1 :o accepts ! views (     
,weismann z to ! non-inh]itance (       
acquir$ *>act]s1 ?9ks t ! physical &    
moral evils & degradation att5dant on ! 
conditions ( mod]n city life w h no     
p]man5t effects1 :5 a m rational &      
elevat+ sy/em ( social organization is  
br\ght ab\t4 ,! mo/ important ag5cy 9   

?is social reg5]ation w be ! selective  
action ( woman1 "u ! influ5ce ( h] newly
 acquir$ fre$om & high] education4 ,says
 ,mr4 ,wallace3 ,:5 su* social *anges h 
be5 effect$ t no woman w be compell$1   
ei!r by hung]1 isolation or social      
compulsion1 to sell h]self1 :e!r 9 or   
out ( w$lock1 & :5 all wom5 alike %all  
feel ! ref9+ influ5ce ( a true h>moniz+ 
education1 ( beautiful & elevat+        
surr\nd+s1 & ( a public op9ion :i* %all 
be f\nd$ on ! highe/ aspirations ( _!   
age & c\ntry1 ! result w be a =m ( human
 selection :i* w br+ ab\t a cont9u\s    
advance 9 ! av]age /atus ( ! race4 ,"u  
su* conditions1 all :o are de=m$ ei!r 9 
body or m9d1 ?\gh !y may be able to lead
 happy & cont5t$ lives1 w1 z a rule1    
leave no *ildr5 to inh]it _! de=mity4   
,ev5 n[ we f9d _m wom5 :o d n m>ry      
because !y h nev] f\nd ! man ( _! ideal4
 ,:5 no woman w be compell$ to m>ry = a 
b>e liv+ or = a com=table home1 ^? :o   
rema9 unm>ri$ f _! own free *oice w     
c]ta9ly increase 9 numb]1 :ile _m o!rs1 

hav+ no inducem5t to an e>ly m>riage1 w 
wait until !y meet ) a p>tn] :o is      
really cong5ial to !m4 ,9 su* a re=m$   
society ! vici\s man1 ! man ( degrad$   
ta/e or ( feeble intellect1 w h little  
*ance ( f9d+ a wife1 & 8 bad qualities w
 die out ) himself4 ,! mo/ p]fect &     
beautiful 9 body & m9d w1 on ! o!r h&1  
be mo/ s\ght & !re=e be mo/ likely to   
m>ry e>ly1 ! less highly end[$ lat]1 & !
 lea/ gift$ 9 any way ! late/ ( all2 &  
?is w be ! case ) bo? sexes4 ,f ?is v>y+
 age ( m>riage1 z ,mr4 ,galton has %[n1 
!re w result a m rapid increase ( ! =m] 
?an ( ! latt]1 & ?is cause cont9u+ at "w
 = successive g5]ations w at l5g? br+ ! 
av]age man to be ! equal ( ^? :o are n[ 
among ! m advanc$ ( ! race4  ,we h "h ! 
application ( ! pr9ciple ( sexual       
selection 9 its highe/ s5se1 al?\gh     
limit$ 9 action to wom51 & x is         
und\bt$ly ! phase ( /irpiculture :i* w  
become op]ative :5 ! emancipation ( wom5
 is complet$4 ,!re is "o feature ( mod]n
 society :i* may ret>d its op]ation1 &  

:i* 0 ref]r$ to by ,d>w9 z int]f]+ ) !  
physical effect ( sexual selection 9 !  
pa/4 ,weal? is n[1 m ?an ev] be=e1 an   
important factor 9 society1 & n only    
man's b woman's *oice 9 matrimony is (t5
 gov]n$ by money consid]ations4 ,!      
possession ( weal? may be evid5ce (     
m5tal a/ut5ess1 b n necess>ily ( high   
morality1 & until x ceases to be s\ght  
aft] 9 m>riage x w s]i\sly int]f]e ) !  
improvem5t ( ! race on its high] planes4
  ,! sexual selection :i* ,mr4 ,wallace 
s ably advocates is to be ex]cis$ by    
woman1 & h5ce its effici5cy w dep5d on !
 fitness ( woman1 n only to *oose prop] 
p>tn]s 9 m>riage1 b to communicate !    
highe/ physical & m5tal *>act]s to h]   
(fspr+4 ,%e c transmit only :at %e      
h]self possesses1 & %e w *oose t :i* is 
9 sympa?y ) h] own feel+s & desires1 s t
 if %e is to affect ! race b5eficially1 
%e mu/ seek fir/ h] own p]fection4 ,h5ce
 ! great importance ( ! woman's movem5t 
( ! pres5t day1 ! basis ( :i* is ! bett]
 developm5t ( h] physical1 m5tal & moral

 faculties1 )\t :i* %e _c expect to h ! 
increas$ social privileges to :i* %e may
 aspire4 ,! greate/ social privilege    
wom5 c h is to be ! *ief ag5t 9 !       
improvem5t ( ! race1 & ?r\gh x !        
reg5]ation ( society itself4 ,lady ,may 
,jeune1 9 reply to ^? :o ?9k t ! pres5t 
relations betwe5 mo!rs & daught]s ?reat5
 family disruption1 obs]ves1 ,t woman 0 
creat$ = ! purpose ( be+ ! wife & "m (  
mank9d no "o c d5y1 & t none ( !        
discov]ies ( sci5ce or any attempt to   
solve ! my/]ies ( life h br\ght h] "o   
bit ne>] ! k ( h[ to unburd5 h]self ( ^!
 responsibilities1 is also a fact4 ,?is 
mu/ be true if ! race is to be cont9u$2 
= )\t wives !re c be no mo!rs4 ,be+     
possible mo!rs1 !re=e1 x is necess>y1 if
 ! race & society are to be improv$1 t  
wom5 %all acquire ! highe/ physical1    
intellectual & moral education !y are   
capable (1 & if !y require ! same       
qualities 9 _! husb&s1 ! problem we are 
consid]+ w be solv$4   ,,man',s ,,&     
,,woman',s ,,co-,,op]ation4--,we h "h ! 

c5tral idea ( ! ,new ,h$onism advocat$  
by ,mr4 ,grant ,all51 ^: views          
necessitate ! active ag5cy ( man z well 
z ( woman4 ,?is is only reasonable1 see+
 t (fspr+ dep5d on ! co-op]ation ( two  
factors1 & t if ei!r ( !m is defective !
 (fspr+ mu/ %>e 9 ! defect4             
,self-developm5t is an aim ( all1 says  
,mr4 ,grant ,all51 an aim :i* w make all
 /rong] & brav]1 & wis]1 & bett]4 ,x w  
make ea* 9 ! end m helpful to humanity4 
,to be s\nd 9 w9d & limb2 to be heal?y (
 body & m9d2 to be educat$1 to be       
emancipat$1 to be free1 to be           
beautiful--^! ?+s are ends t[>ds :i* all
 %\ld /rive1 & by atta9+ :i* all are    
happi] 9 !mselves1 & m useful to o!rs4  
,h5ce ! ,new ,h$onism tea*es t to prep>e
 ourselves = ! duties ( pat]nity &      
mat]nity1 by mak+ ourselves z vigor\s & 
heal?ful z we c be is a duty we owe to  
all our *ildr5 unborn & to "o ano!r4    
,?is applies z well to ! body spiritual1
 intellectual & e/hetic z to ! physical 
body4 ,mr4 ,grant ,all5 ?9ks ! !ory he  

advocates w introduce a new sy/em1 :i* w
 n include ! sell+ ( self into loveless 
union = a night or = a lifetime2 ! be>+ 
( *ildr5 by a "m to a man %e despises or
 loa!s or %r9ks f2 ! production by =ce1 
sanctifi$ by law1 ( h]$it>y drunk>ds1   
h]$it>y epileptics1 h]$it>y             
consumptives1 h]$it>y crim9als4 ,we %all
 expect 9 ! future a pur] & tru]        
relation betwe5 fa!r & "m1 p>5t & *ild4 
,we %all expect "s sanctity to atta* to 
! idea ( pat]nity1 "s ?\ght & c>e to be 
giv5 be=eh& to ! duties ( mo!rhood4 ,we 
w n admit t ! *ance union ( two unfit   
p]sons1 :o ought nev] to h made !mselves
 p>5ts at all1 or ought nev] to h made  
!mselves p>5ts ) "o ano!r1 c be r5d]$   
holy & h>mless by ! h&s ( a prie/ ext5d$
 to bless a b\ght love1 or a b>ga9 (    
impure m>riage4 ,9 "o ^w1 = ! fir/ "t 9 
! hi/ory ( ! race1 we %all evolve !     
totally new idea ( responsibility 9     
p>5tage4 ,& z "p ( ?is responsibility we
 %all include ! two anti!tical1 b       
correlative1 doctr9es ( a moral ab/95ce 

f fa!rhood & mo!rhood on ! "p ( ! unfit1
 & a moral obligation to fa!rhood &     
mo!rhood on ! "p ( ! noble/1 ! pure/1 ! 
sane/1 ! heal?ie/1 ! mo/ able among u4  
,we w n doom to =c$ celibacy half our   
f9e/ mo!rs4   ,,! ,,individual',s       
,,rights4--,f ! racial /&po9t ^! views  
are j & _c be controv]t$1 b some?+ mu/  
be all[$ to ! individual4 ,! relative   
position & rights ( ! race & !          
individual are 9 a dispute1 :i* has     
become int5sifi$ s9ce ! developm5t ( !  
!ory ( evolution4 ,b ! individual is !  
beg9n+ ( ! race & he %\ld be its end4   
,!re=e1 9 seek+ to improve ! race1      
viol5ce mu/ n be done to ! highe/       
s5tim5ts ( ! individual4 ,x is a fact t 
_m highly cultur$ individuals h a       
repugnance to c]ta9 aspects ( m>ri$     
life1 & ?is repugnance appe>s to be     
ju/ifi$ by ! fur!r fact t a high /ate ( 
ref9em5t is (t5 att5d$ ) loss ( physical
 productiv5ess4 ,"o ( ! mo/ curi\s      
results ( ,galton's enquiries into      
h]$ity 0 t weal?y families h a t5d5cy to

 die out 9 heiresses1 :i* is p>tly1 b n 
:olly1 dep5d5t on ! fact t *ildbe>+ is m
 (t5 ! accompanim5t ( pov]ty ?an (      
luxuri\s liv+4  ,! p]sonal dis9cl9ation 
to m>ry att5dant on intellectual        
ref9em5t is /ill m likely to be possess$
 by ^? ( high spirituality4 ,?is is q   
natural1 not)/&+ ! /atem5t ( ,mr4 ,grant
 ,all51 :i* is und\bt$ly true1 t ! orig9
 & basis ( all t is be/ & highe/ )9 u is
 to be f\nd 9 ! sex-in/9ct4 ,love may h 
begott5 all high] arts & all high]      
cu/oms1 & yet love may 9 ! process      
itself become sexless1 z x is :5 x      
assumes ! noble/ =m1 t ( div9e *>ity =  
our fell[m54 ,z well might we cont9ue to
 p]petuate 9 our highe/ actions ! nature
 ( ! ape-man because we are desc5dants (
 ?is creature1 z let ! idea ( sex always
 rule our ?\ghts4 ,) ! individual !     
physical influ5ce ( sex is weak5$ &     
f9ally ceases1 al?\gh x ev] rema9s      
con/ant 9 ! race1 & h5ce ! influ5ce ( ! 
idea ( sex ov] ! m9d ( ! individual %\ld
 be simil>ly affect$4 ,9 ,heav51 said ! 

f\nd] ( ,*ri/ianity1 !re is nei!r m>ry+ 
nor giv+ 9 m>riage1 & 9 t highe/ m5tal  
condition1 :i* is heav5 on e>?1 ! s5se (
 sex has ceas$ to be op]ative1 hav+ giv5
 place to ! spiritual s5se :i* is !     
noble/ attribute ( man because ! la/ to 
be develop$4  ,we h "h1 h[ev]1 a "q     
betwe5 ! individual & ! race1 & x does n
 affect ! ma9 cont5tion t ! improvem5t (
 ! race1 :i* includes t ( ! individual1 
is to be f\nd 9 ! application ( !       
pr9ciple ( selection4 ,?is mu/          
necess>ily be *iefly 9 ! h&s ( wom51    
al?\gh bo? m5 & wom5 mu/ co-op]ate to   
br+ ab\t ! be/ results1 by seek+ fir/ ( 
all to improve _! own natures by        
physical1 intellectual & moral culture4 
,! /atem5t ( ! case accord+ to t        
pr9ciple1 & ! aim to be atta9$1 exhibit 
! dignity & importance ( ! subject (    
/irpiculture4 ,!oretically ?is is       
admitt$ on all h&s1 & z soon z !        
conditions ( ! subject are cle>ly       
und]/ood !re w be no practical          
difficulty 9 c>ry+ ! pr9ciple into      

effect1 s t x may h its legitimate      
consequ5ces4  ,:at p>5ts h to realize is
 ! necessity ( s tra9+ & in/ruct+ _!    
*ildr5 t !y may become capable ( be+ !  
p>5ts ( p]fect (fspr+4 ,! good tree only
 c be> good fruit4 ,b ?is is n ! real   
/>t+ po9t ( /irpiculture4 ,an ess5tial  
factor1 & "o t is seldom ?\ght (1 is !  
_s 9 :i* ! inception ( (fspr+ is        
und]tak54 ,m>riage 0 to ! anci5ts a     
sacr$ /ate1 because x 0 associat$ ) !   
religion ( ! dome/ic alt>1 & because !  
p]petuation ( ! family1 :i* 0 its aim1 0
 requir$ by ! necessity ( hav+ a son to 
p]=m ! sacr$ rites at t alt> aft] ! dea?
 ( 8 fa!r4 ,! p]petuation ( ! family 0  
?us a sacr$ duty1 & ! consummation (    
m>riage p>took ( ?is "*4 ,accord+ to !  
anci5t ,p]sian religion1 ! union ( man &
 woman is ! act mo/ agreeable to ,god1 &
 ! act ( consummation is direct$ to be  
sanctifi$1 & a pray] direct$ to ,god t  
,he w\ld bless x4 ,m>riage mu/ be       
conduct$ 9 ?is _s1 r ?an z a means (    
gratify+ ! passions1 if ! happie/       

results are to be obta9$ f ! application
 ( ! pr9ciple ( sexual selection4       
,,spiritual ,,sympa?y ,,9 ,,m>riage4--,t
 supposes1 h[ev]1 ! exi/5ce ( spiritual 
sympa?y betwe5 ^? :o are unit$ 9        
m>riage1 & ?is sympa?y mu/ =m ! true    
basis ( all improvem5ts 9 ! race4 ,x 0 !
 neglect ( ?is feature1 ! want ( :i* mu/
 r5d] any attempt to c>ry out ,plato's  
ideas on ! subject ( m>riage futile1 t  
put a /op to ! exp]im5ts und]tak5 by 8  
late/ imitator1 ,noyes4 ,8 adh]5ts      
simply made a return to ! monogamy :i*  
is ! h]itage ( all ! ,aryan peoples1 &  
:i* is bas$ on ! union ( two he>ts1 & n 
m]ely ( two p]sons4 ,?is is ! fir/      
application ( ! pr9ciple ( sexual       
selection above ! animal plane1 & x mu/ 
be cont9u$ not)/&+ t ! range ( selection
 is ext5d$ s z to embrace also !        
intellectual & moral planes4  ,h[ f> !  
,/ate may ultimately be call$ on to aid 
9 ! improvem5t ( ! race1 9 accordance ) 
! ideas we h be5 consid]+1 is d\btful4  
,x c aid v mat]ially 9 plac+ re/ra9ts on

 too e>ly m>riage1 & by insi/+ on !     
atta9m5t ( a prop] /&>d ( physical tra9+
 & ( m5tal culture be=e m>riage is ent]$
 on4 ,!re is no reason1 moreov]1 :y !   
,/ate %\ld n int]f]e to prev5t ! m>riage
 ( ^? :o are too ne> ( k91 or :o by     
reason ( physical or m5tal ailm5t1 or by
 _! moral defects are n fit subjects = !
 propagation ( ! race4 ,! objection to  
?is int]f]5ce ) p]sonal lib]ty is s     
/rong1 h[ev]1 t ev5 s rational a        
proc$ure z prev5t+ ! spread1 ?r\gh      
m>riage alliances1 ( disease & crime _c 
yet obta9 ! sanction ( public op9ion4   
,?is w be educat$ ) ! g5]al improvem5t (
 ! race t mu/ gradually take place ?r\gh
 o!r ag5cies1 & !n ! ,/ate w h m]ely to 
c>ry into effect ! decrees ( ! p1 :i* w 
be express$ 9 no unc]ta9 language :5    
woman has atta9$ to ! influ5ce to :i* h]
 own p]fect$ condition w entitle h]4    
,,footnotes3  #ba3;,a ,mr4 ,d>w9 accept$
 ?is view at fir/2 b 9 a note to !      
second edition ( 8 ,desc5t ( ,man he    
says3 ,c4 ,/anil& ,wake argues /rongly  

aga9/ ! views held by ^! ?ree writ]s on 
! =m] preval5ce ( almo/ promiscu\s      
int]c\rse4 ,see ,developm5t ( ,k9%ip &  
,m>riage4 ,r$way1 ,london4 #ahhh4       
#bh3;,a ,! ,op5 ,c\rt ,publi%+ ,company1
 ,*icago4 #ahib4  #ci3;,a ,x %\ld be    
sixty-"o4  #db3;,a ,see ,lorim] ,fison1 
9 ,! ,j\rnal ( ! ,an?ropological        
,in/itute1 ,may1 #ahie1 page #cfa4 ,!   
:ole subject is exhau/ively treat$ by   
,c4 ,/anil& ,wake1 9 8 ,developm5t (    
,k9%ip & ,m>riage4     ,,pr5atal        
,,culture4   ,9 ! la/ prec$+ *apt] we h 
consid]$ ! subject ( ! improvem5t ( !   
race1 especially ?r\gh ! action ( sexual
 selection1 or1 z x may be express$1    
selective action 9 ! pair+ (            
individuals1 :e!r br\ght ab\t           
compulsorily by ! controll+ influ5ce ( !
 ,/ate or "s o!r ext]nal au?ority1 or by
 ! actual *oice ( "o or bo? ( !         
individuals imm$iately conc]n$4 ,we h n[
 to deal ) ! subject ( ! influ5ce ov]   
(fspr+ ( affections ( ! individual      
organisms f ^: union su* (fspr+ is      

d]iv$4   ,,jacob',s ,,flocks4--,! /ory (
 ,jacob deal+ ) ! flocks ( ,laban1 giv5 
9 ,g5esis xxx1 is usually allud$ to 9   
corroboration ( ! belief t (fspr+ may be
 physically affect$ be=e bir?1 by any?+ 
:i* /rongly influ5ces ! imag9ation ( !  
"m4 ,jacob is repres5t$ z mak+ an       
agreem5t ) ,laban1 8 fa!r-9-law1 t      
,jacob %\ld receive z 8 hire all !      
r+/reak$ & spott$ he-goats & all ! black
 %e-goats1 & also ^? t 7 speckl$ &      
spott$4 ,:5 ?is arrangem5t _h be5 made1 
,laban s\ght to b5efit by x by remov+ f 
! flock all ! goats t answ]$ to t       
description1 & giv+ !m into ! c>e ( 8   
sons1 leav+ ! re/ ( ! flock 9 ,jacob's  
*>ge4 ,?is 0 und\bt$ly an attempt on !  
"p ( ,laban to *eat 8 son-9-law out ( 8 
wages1 b ! latt] 0 n to be s *eat$1 & he
 adopt$ a plan :i* gave him ! pick ( !  
flock1 leav+ ! feeble goats to 8 less   
wily p>5t4  ,9 describ+ ?is op]ation1 ! 
,bible /ory says3 ,& ,jacob took him    
rods ( fre% popl> or /orax tree & ( !   
almond & ( ! plane tree1 & peel$ :ite   

/reaks 9 !m1 & made ! :ite appe> :i* 0 9
 ! rods4 ,& he set ! rods :i* he _h     
peel$ ov] aga9/ ! flocks 9 ! gutt]s 9 ! 
wat]+ tr\ghs :]e ! flocks came to dr9k2 
& !y conceiv$ :5 !y came to dr9k4 ,& !  
flocks conceiv$ be=e ! rods1 & ! flocks 
br\ght =? r+/reak$1 speckl$ & spott$4 ,&
 ,jacob sep>at$ ! lambs1 & set ! faces (
 ! flocks t[>d ! r+/reak$ & all ! black 
9 ! flock ( ,laban2 & he put 8 own      
droves ap>t1 & put !m n unto ,laban's   
flock4 ,& x came to pass1 :5soev] !     
/rong] ( ! flock did conceive1 t ,jacob 
laid ! rods be=e ! eyes ( ! flock 9 !   
gutt]s1 t !y might conceive among !     
rods2 b :5 ! flock 7 feeble1 he put !m n
 93 s ! feebl] 7 ,laban's1 & ! /rong]   
,jacob's4  ,:e!r or n ?is incid5t       
actually occurr$ z /at$ we d n "k4      
,accord+ to ! subsequ5t "p ( ! n>rative1
 ! effect ( sett+ up ! peel$ rods 0     
ascrib$ to ,god's int]f]5ce 9 8 behalf2 
b x is n improbable t we h 9 ! /ory a   
ref]5ce to anci5t %eph]d lore1 bas$ on !
 sup]/iti\s notions /ill s common 9 !   

,ea/4 ,9 ! e>li] "p ( ! same *apt] is a 
/ory relat+ to m&rakes1 :i* 7 suppos$ to
 h influ5ce on human g5]ation4 ,jacob is
 said to h us$ ?ree k9ds ( rods1 ^? ( ! 
popl> or /orax tree1 ! almond1 & ! plane
 tree1 :i* produc$ r+/reak$1 speckl$ &  
spott$ lambs4  ,! influ5ce ex]t$ by     
,jacob's rods 0 ( a diff]5t "* f t :i*  
is suppos$ to give rise to ! m>k+ (     
(fspr+ be=e bir?1 :i* is n uncommon if  
we are to accept z true all ! cases     
m5tion$ 9 books ref]r+ to ! subject4    
,:at occurr$ took place be=e conception1
 & n subsequ5t to x1 z 9 ^! cases4      
,nev]!less1 bo? classes ( ph5om5a are   
recogniz$ by s compet5t an au?ority z   
,m4 ,?4 ,ribot1 :o1 9 8 ,h]$ity1#eg3;,a 
:5 criticis+ ,dr4 ,lucas' explanation ( 
! orig9 ( ! num]\s exceptions to ! law (
 h]$ity1 z be+ due to ! op]ation ( ! law
 ( spontaneity1 affirms t !re is no law 
( spontaneity1 b t all su* exceptions   
may be expla9$ by ref]5ce to c]ta9      
causes ( div]sity4 ,m4 ,ribot gives ?ree
 causes ( div]sity1 :i* are3            

#a--;,antagoni/ic h]$ities ( two p>5ts2 
#b--;,accid5tal causes 9 action at !    
mom5t ( g5]ation2 #c--;,ext]nal &       
int]nal influ5ces subsequ5t to          
conception4 ,he assigns b little        
importance to causes act+ aft] bir?1 su*
 z diet1 climate1 circum/ances1         
education1 physical & moral influ5ces1  
because1 ?\gh !y may produce s]i\s      
effects1 ^! are n radical4 ,possibly1   
h[ev]1 s9ce ! advance made 9 ! education
 ( ^? :o are born ) defects ( ! s5sory  
app>atus1 ,m4 ,ribot w\ld some:at modify
 8 op9ion on t po9t4 ,z to ! causes :i* 
op]ate at ! p]iod ( conception1 or      
subsequ5t !reto & be=e bir?1 he says1 9 
relation to ! latt] class1 !y are all ! 
physical & moral di/urbances ( ut]9e    
exi/5ce--all ^? influ5ces :i* c act     
?r\gh ! "m ^u ! fetus dur+ ! p]iod (    
ge/ation2 impressions1 emotions1        
defective nutrition1 effects (          
imag9ation4 ,he adds3 ,^! causes are v  
real1 despite ! objections ( ,lucas1 :o 
attacks !m 9 ord] to e/abli% 8 law (    

spontaneity4 ,we see f examples t betwe5
 consid]able causes & _! effects !re    
exi/s an amaz+ disproportion4  ,! causes
 ( div]sity :i* op]ate at ! in/ant (    
conception dep5d1 says ,ribot1 less ^u !
 physical & moral natures ( ! p>5ts ?an 
on ! p>ticul> /ate 9 :i* !y are at !    
mom5t ( procreation4 ,?is fact is ref]r$
 to by ,m4 de ,quatrefages z fully prov+
 ! univ]sality ( ! law ( h]$ity1 & ,m4  
,ribot adds1 ,x enables u to und]/& t ^?
 transitory /ates :i* exi/ at ! mom5t ( 
conception may ex]t a decisive influ5ce 
on ! nature ( ! be+ procreat$1 s t (t51 
:]e n[ we see only spontaneity1 a m     
p]fect k ( ! causes at "w w\ld %[ u     
h]$ity4  ,pr(essor ,e4 ,d4 ,cope1 !     
well-kn[n au?or ( ,! ,orig9 ( ! ,fitte/1
 w\ld seem to d\bt ! tru? ( ! /ories (  
bir?m>ks on ! gr\nd t ! effect (        
tempor>y impressions on ! "m is n /rong 
en\gh to c\nt]balance ! molecul>        
/ructure e/abli%$ by impressions (t5]   
repeat$ ?r\gh\t mu* long] p]iods (      
"t4#ei3;,a ,& yet !re is no d\bt t      

bir?m>ks d occasionally occur1 al?\gh x 
is v difficult to obta9 prop]ly         
au!nticat$ cases ( !m4   ,,an           
,,illu/rative ,,case4--,h[ great is !   
influ5ce on unborn (fspr+ ( ! "m's m5tal
 condition1 z well z ! effect ov] !m (  
pleasant surr\nd+s1 is %[n by ! foll[+  
case4 ,a "y girl attract$ att5tion by h]
 beauty & by ! sup]iority ( ! type %e   
exhibit$ ov] t ( ei!r ( h] p>5ts1 & on  
h] "m be+ spok5 to on ! subject %e      
rem>k$3  ,9 my e>ly m>ri$ life my husb& 
& ,i le>n$ h[ to live 9 holy relations1 
aft] ,god's ord9ance4 ,my husb& lov+ly  
cons5t$ to let me live ap>t f him dur+ !
 "t ,i c>ri$ ?is little daught] "u my   
he>t1 & also :ile ,i 0 nurs+ h]4 ,^? 7 !
 happie/ days ( my life4 ,e day be=e my 
*ild 0 born1 ,i c\ld h hugg$ myself )   
delight at ! prospect ( becom+ a "m4 ,my
 husb& & ,i 7 nev] s t5d]ly1 s          
h>moni\sly1 or s happily relat$ to ea*  
o!r1 & ,i nev] lov$ him m deeply ?an    
dur+ ^? bless$ mon?s4 ,i 0 surr\nd$ by  
all beautiful ?+s1 & "o picture ( a     

lovely face 0 especially 9 my ?\ght4 ,my
 daught] looks m l t picture ?an %e does
 l ei!r ( u4 ,f ! "t %e 0 born %e 0 l an
 exquisite rosebud--! fl[] ( pure1      
sanctifi$1 happy love4 ,%e nev] cri$ at 
night1 0 nev] fretful or n]v\s1 b 0 all 
smiles & w9n+ baby ways1 fill+ our he>ts
 & home ) p]petual gladness4 ,to ?is    
day1 & %e is n[ f\rte5 ye>s old1 ,i h   
nev] _h ! slighte/ difficulty 9 br++ h] 
up4 ,%e turns naturally to ! "r1 & ,i   
nev] knew h] to be cross or impati5t or 
h>d to manage4 ,%e has giv5 me only     
com=t2 & ,i realize f an exp]i5ce ( j ! 
opposite nature t ! reason ( all ?is is 
because my little girl _h h] bir?right4 
,! future exp]i5ce ( ?is lady 01 h[ev]1 
( a v diff]5t nature4 ,%e add$3  ,a few 
ye>s lat] ,i 0 aga9 ab\t to become a "m1
 b ) :at diff]5t feel+s6 ,my husb& _h   
become contam9at$ ) ! popul> idea t ev5 
m & frequ5t relations 7 p]missible dur+ 
pregnancy4 ,i 0 p[]less aga9/ ?is wick$ 
sophi/ry1 & 0 oblig$ to yield to 8      
con/ant desires4 ,b h[ ,i suff]$ & cri$2

 h[ wret*$ ,i 02 h[ n]v\s & almo/       
despair+6 ,wor/ ( all1 ,i felt my love &
 tru/+ fai? turn+ to dread & repulsion4 
,my little boy1 on :om my husb& set high
 hopes1 0 born aft] n9e ( ! mo/ unhappy1
 di/ress+ mon?s ( my life1 a sickly1    
n]v\s1 frett+ *ild--myself 9 m9iature1 &
 aft] five ye>s ( life t 0 pr$e/9$ by   
all ! circum/ances to be j :at x 01 aft]
 giv+ u only anxiety & c>e1 he di$1     
leav+ u sadd] & wis]4  ,i h demon/rat$  
to my own abundant satisfaction t !re is
 b "o "r1 ,god-giv5 way to beget & re>  
*ildr51 & ,i "k t ,i am only "o ( _m :o 
c corroborate ?is te/imony4  ,! foll[+  
case ( pr5atal culture appe>$ 9 ,!      
,philosophical = ,octob] #e1 #ahie1     
above ! signature ( ,john ,allyn1 :o    
says3  ,ab\t =ty ye>s ago ,i 0 a        
neighbor ( a "y c\ple :o _h be5 rec5tly 
m>ri$4 ,!y 7 ( fair natural abilities1 b
 n highly educat$4 ,! wife c\ld play on 
! piano well & accompany x ) h] voice4  
,! husb& 0 a h\se-build+ contractor4    
,be=e _! fir/ *ild 0 born ! wife 0      

provid$ ) in/rum5ts = draw+1 & int]e/$  
h]self 9 _! use & ma!matical            
calculations connect$ ) !m4 ,! *ild     
prov$ to be a boy1 :o took to           
ar*itectural draw+ z by in/9ct4 ,) v    
little ef=t he became pr(ici5t1 & is n[ 
employ$ at a high sal>y by ! ,s\!rn     
,pacific ,railroad z _! ar*itect4  ,"s  
ye>s lat]1 be=e ! second *ild 0 born1 ! 
"m int]e/$ h]self ) music ) ref]5ce to !
 effect x w\ld h on ! unborn *ild4 ,?is 
*ild prov$ to be a girl1 :o is n[ an    
exp]t s+]1 f9d+ ready employm5t 9 op]a  
companies4 ,?\gh n a />1 %e has a       
sup]ior tal5t = music :i* enabl$ h] to  
take advantages ( musical tra9+ easily4 
,,beliefs ,,( ,,primitive               
,,peoples4--,:5ev] su* cases happ51 x is
 "u ! influ5ce ( "s v /rong emotion1    
dur+ ! p]iod ( ge/ation1 aris+ f !      
action on ! n]v\s sy/em ( ! "m by an    
ext]nal object pres5t$ to ! sight1 !    
organ ( :i* w\ld seem to h an intimate  
association ) ! g5]al muscul> sy/em4    
,!re is no?+ to %[ t primitive peoples  

recogniz$ ! action ( pr5atal influ5ce   
?r\gh ! s5ses2 b !re is a v curi\s      
cu/om1 :i* is s widespread at ! pres5t  
"t t we may well suppose x to h be5     
=m]ly almo/ univ]sal1 dep5d5t ^u !      
imag9$ effect ( ! eat+ ( animal fle%4   
,all primitive peoples believe t a man  
acquires physical or m5tal *>act]i/ics f
 animals ( ^: fle% he p>takes4          
,cannibalism is closely connect$ ) ?is  
notion1 z ! man :o eats "p ( ! body ( a 
foe is ?\ght to become end[$ ) !        
victim's c\rage1 /r5g? or o!r special   
quality4 ,probably ! ,mosaic regulations
 z to unclean animals1 t is1 animals    
unfit = food1 0 bas$ on su* an idea2 &  
c]ta9ly ! comm& to ab/a9 f eat+ blood 0 
?us connect$2 z we are told ! blood is !
 life1 & if s1 !n x mu/ be ! c>ri] (    
vital influ5ces4  ,! cu/om above ref]r$ 
to1 :i* is kn[n to e?nologi/s z la      
c\vade1 or hat*+1 supposes injuri\s     
action on ! organism ( ! *ild ( food    
eat5 by its p>5ts1 z appe>s f ! facts   
br\ght toge!r by ,dr4 ,e4 ,b4 ,tylor 9 8

 ,rese>*es into ! ,e>ly ,hi/ory (       
,mank9d4 ,! c\vade usually has ref]5ce  
to ! p]iod imm$iately foll[+ ! bir? ( a 
*ild2 b among ! native tribes ( ,s\?    
,am]ica1 :]e x is m ext5sively preval5t 
?an else:]e1 x is obs]v$ :ile ! *ild is 
/ill unborn4 ,?us1 9 ,brazil1 accord+ to
 ,von ,m>tius1 ,a /rict regim5 is       
pres]v$ be=e ! bir?2 ! man & ! woman    
refra9 = a "t f ! fle% ( c]ta9 animals1 
& live *iefly on fi% & fruits4 ,!       
peculi>ity ( ! c\vade cu/om1 & t :i*    
gives x its special int]e/1 is ! fact t 
x usually conc]ns ! fa!r & n ! "m1 z    
injury to ! *ild is suppos$ to be due to
 ! conduct ( ! =m] r ?an ( ! latt]4     
,?us1 among ! ,l& ,dyaks ( ,borneo1 ,!  
husb&1 be=e ! bir? ( 8 *ild1 may d no "w
 ) a %>p in/rum5t1 except :at is        
necess>y = ! f>m2 nor may he fire guns1 
nor /rike animals1 nor d any viol5t "w1 
le/ bad influ5ces %\ld affect ! *ild2 & 
aft] x is born ! fa!r is kept 9         
seclusion indoors = sev]al days1 & diet$
 on rice & salt1 to prev5t n 8 own b 8  

*ild's /oma* f swell+4  ,"h food ab/95ce
 takes place aft] ! bir? ( ! *ild1 b1   
accord+ to ,brett1 9 ,gu9ea ,"s ( !     
,acawois & ,c>ibi nations1 :5 !y h      
reason to expect an increase ( _!       
families consid] !mselves b\nd to ab/a9 
f c]ta9 k9ds ( meat1 le/ ! expect$ *ild 
%\ld1 9 "s my/]i\s way1 be injur$ by !  
p>tak+ ( x4 ,! ac\ri 7or ag\ti7 is ?us  
taboo$1 le/1 l t little animal1 ! *ild  
%\ld be meag]2 ! haim>a1 also1 le/ x    
%\ld be bl9d--! out] coat+ ( ! eye ( !  
fi% sugge/+ film or cat>act2 ! labba1   
le/ ! infant's m\? %\ld protrude l !    
labba's1 or le/ x be spott$ l ! labba1  
:i* spots w\ld ultimately become sores4 
,ano!r relat$ case1 ( m rec5t           
obs]vation1 is t ( ! ,motumotu ( ,new   
,gu9ea1 :o say t aft] conception ! "m   
mu/ n eat sweet potato or t>o1 le/ !    
head ( ! *ild gr[ out ( proportion1 & ! 
fa!r mu/ n eat crocodile or sev]al k9ds 
( fi%1 le/ ! *ild's legs gr[ out (      
proportion4 ,at ,suan1 a husb& %uts     
himself up = "s days aft] ! bir? ( 8    

fir/ *ild1 & w eat no?+4#fe3;,a  ,v>i\s 
explanations ( ! cu/om ( c\vade h be5   
(f]$1 & probably ,c4 ,/anil& ,wake is "r
 :5 he /ates t x is connect$ ) ! idea t 
! fa!r is ! real s\rce ( ! *ild's       
life4#ff3;,a ,z he po9ts out1 on !      
au?ority ( ,m4 ,gir>d-,teulon1 among !  
,european ,basques1 ev5 at ! pres5t day1
 a husb& ent]s 8 wife's abode only = !  
purpose ( reproduction1 & to "w = !     
b5efit ( 8 wife4 ,mr4 ,wake rem>ks t1 ,)
 "s ( ! ,brazilian tribes1 :5 a man     
becomes a fa!r he goes to b$ in/ead ( 8 
wife1 & all ! wom5 ( ! village come to  
console him = ! pa9 & suff]+ he has _h 9
 mak+ ?is *ild4 ,?is agrees ) ! idea    
ent]ta9$ by s _m peoples t ! *ild is    
d]iv$ f ! fa!r only1 ! "m be+ m]ely its 
n\ri%]4 ,:5 su* an idea is held1 x is n 
surpris+ if1 z among ! ,abipones1 !     
belief is =m$ t ! fa!r's c>elessness    
influ5ces ! new-born (fspr+1 f a natural
 bond & sympa?y ( bo?1 or if ! fa!r     
ab/a9s1 ei!r be=e or aft] ! *ild's bir?1
 f eat+ any food1 or p]=m+ any actions  

:i* are ?\ght capable ( do+ x h>m4 ,/ill
 m s1 if ! *ild is reg>d$1 z is         
sometimes ! case1 z ! re9c>nation ( !   
fa!r1 a notion :i* is support$ by !     
fact1 po9t$ out by ,mr4 ,g]ald ,massey1 
t 9 ! c\vade ! p>5t id5tifies himself ) 
! infant *ild1 into :i* he has be5      
typically trans=m$4  ,t conclusion      
agrees ) ! op9ion express$ by ,mr4      
,tylor1 t ! c\vade implicitly d5ies t   
physical sep>ation ( 'individuals' :i* a
 civiliz$ man w\ld probably set d[n z a 
fir/ pr9ciple common by nature to all   
mank9d4 4 4 4 ,x %[s u a numb] ( di/9ct 
& di/ant tribes delib]ately hold+ !     
op9ion t ! connection betwe5 fa!r & *ild
 is n only1 z we ?9k1 a m]e relation (  
p>5tage1 affection1 duty1 b t _! v      
bodies are jo9$ by a physical bond1 s t 
:at is done to ! "o acts directly ^u !  
o!r4#fg3;,a ,! c\vade cu/om is ?us      
closely connect$ ) ! "q ( ! special     
relation%ip ( a *ild to "o or o!r ( its 
p>5ts4 ,curi\s notions on ?is subject h 
be5 =m$ f "t to "t2 b ! anci5ts almo/   

univ]sally ent]ta9$ ! idea held by !    
,greeks t ! fa!r1 z end[$ ) creative    
p[]1 0 clo!d ) ! div9e "*1 b n ! "m1 :o 
0 only ! be>] & n\ri%] ( ! *ild4        
,pr(essor ,he>n accepts ?is view 9 8 "w1
 ,! ,aryan ,h\sehold1 & sugge/s z !     
,aryan ?\ght on ! subject3 ,a male 0 !  
fir/ f\nd] ( ! h\se4 ,8 desc5dants h '! 
nature ( ! same blood' z he4 ,!y1 9     
common1 possess ! same my/]i\s pr9ciple 
( life4 ,! life sp>k1 s to speak1 has   
be5 once k9dl$1 & its id5tity1 9 all its
 transmissions1 mu/ be pres]v$4 ,b !    
fa!r is ! life-giv]4 ,he alone transmits
 ! life sp>k1 :i* f 8 fa!r he receiv$4  
,! daught] receives1 inde$1 ! pr9ciple (
 life1 b %e _c transmit x4  ,m4 ,ribot1 
:o1 z we h se51 endorses ! popul> belief
 z to ! possibility ( ! fetus be+       
affect$1 dur+ ut]9e exi/5ce1 ?r\gh !    
organism ( ! "m1 r$uces all ! obscure   
causes ( deviation f h]$ity to two      
classes4 ,( ^!1 ! fir/ is !             
disproportion ( effects to causes1      
already m5tion$2 & ! second is !        

trans=mation ( h]$ity4 ,z to ! fir/ ( ^!
 causes1 he lays x d[n z a g5]al tru? t 
! m complicat$ ! me*anism1 ! great] !   
disproportion betwe5 accid5tal causes & 
_! effects4 ,he supports ?is conclusion 
by ref]5ce to ,ge(froy ,sa9t-,hilaire's 
rese>*es on ! production ( mon/]s1 & he 
affirms t ! disproportion betwe5 cause &
 effect _c be =ese5 by measur+1 b is    
kn[n only by exp]i5ce1 z psy*ological   
laws are analog\s n[ to me*anical & n[  
to *emical laws1 s t x is impossible to 
proce$ by d$uction f causes to effects4 
7,page #bjg47   ,,bir?m>ks ,,r>e4--,&   
yet ! v fact t cases ( bir?m>ks are     
comp>atively r>e1 proves ! greatly      
prepond]at+ influ5ce ( h]$ity ov] !     
con/itution ( ! (fspr+1 modifi$ by !    
disposition ( ! p>5ts at ! "t (         
procreation4 ,pr(essor ,cope has "s     
explanatory rem>ks on t subject :i*     
des]ve quotation4 ,he says--aft] ref]r+ 
to ! hypo!sis t gr[?-=ce may be1 ?r\gh !
 motive =ce ( ! animal1 direct$ to any  
locality1 :e!r ! comm5cem5t ( an        

executive organ has begun or n--t ,a    
difficulty 9 ! way ( ?is hypo!sis is !  
frequ5tly unyield+ "* ( ! /ructure (    
adult animals1 & ! difficulty ( br++    
suffici5t pressure to be> on !m )\t     
de/roy+ life4 ,b1 9 fact1 !             
modifications mu/1 9 mo/ in/ances1 take 
place dur+ ! p]iod ( gr[?4 ,x is well   
kn[n t ! m5tal *>act]i/ics ( ! fa!r are 
transmitt$ ?r\gh ! sp]matozoid1 & t1    
!re=e1 ! molecul> movem5ts :i* produce !
 me*anism ( su* m5tal *>act]s mu/ exi/ 9
 ! sp]matozoid4 ,b ! mat]ial ( !        
sp]matozoid is comb9$ ) t ( ! ovum1 & ! 
embryo is comp\nd$ ( ! animal cont5ts ( 
bo? bodies4 ,9 a wond]ful way ! embryo  
develops into a be+ :i* resembles "o or 
bo? p>5ts 9 m9ute details4 ,?is result  
is evid5tly det]m9$ by ! molecul> &     
dynamic "* ( ! orig9al reproductive     
cells :i* necess>ily communicate _!     
prop]ties to ! embryo :i* is produc$ by 
_! subdivisions4 ,pr(essor ,cope goes on
 to say1 ,ri*>d ,h]+ has id5tifi$ ?is   
prop]ty ( ! orig9al cells ) ! faculty ( 

memory4 ,?is is a brilliant ?\ght1 &1 "u
 re/riction1 probably correct4 ,!       
s5sations ( p]sons :o h suff]$          
amputation %[ t _! s5sorium ma9ta9$ a   
picture or map ( ! body s f> z reg>ds ! 
location ( all its s5sitive regions4    
,?is simulcrum is inve/$ ) consci\sness 
:5ev] ! prop] /imulus is appli$1 & ! "* 
( ! /imulus is fix$ by x4 ,?is picture  
probably resides 9 _m ( ! cells1 bo?    
s5sory & motor1 & x probably does s 9 ! 
few cells ( simple & l[ =ms ( life4 ,!  
sp]matozoid is su* a cell1 &1 h[ or :y  
we "k n1 also conta9s su* an arrangem5t 
( its cont5ts1 & conta9s & communicates 
su* a type ( =ce4 ,x is probable t 9 !  
bra9-cell ?is is ! condition ( memory ( 
locality4 ,if1 n[1 an int5se &          
long-cont9u$ pressure ( /imulus produces
 an unconsci\s picture ( "s organ ( !   
body 9 ! m9d1 !re is reason to suppose t
 ! en]gies communicat$ to ! embryo by ! 
sp]matozoid & ovum w p>take ( ! memory  
?us creat$4 ,! only reason :y !         
(t-repeat$ /ories ( bir?m>ks are s (t5  

untrue1 is because ! effect ( tempor>y  
impressions on ! "m is n /rong en\gh to 
c\nt]balance ! molecul> /ructure        
e/abli%$ by impressions (t5 repeat$     
?r\gh\t mu* l>g] p]iods ( "t4#ga3;,a    
,,:y ,,*ildr5 ,,resemble ,,p>5ts4--,t   
*ildr5 reproduce ! g5]al & physical &   
m5tal *>act]i/ics ( _! p>5ts 9          
comb9ation is unque/ionable tru?1 al?\gh
 ! p>ticul> mode 9 :i* !y are           
communicat$ is yet undet]m9$1 not)/&+ ! 
fact m5tion$ by ,pr(essor ,cope t !y are
 someh[ convey$ by ! microscopic sp]m & 
g]m 9 ! union ( :i* ! new be+ has its   
beg9n+4 ,?us e individual mu/ possess ! 
g5]al *>act]i/ics ( ! primitive human   
family f :i* ?r\gh a va/ numb] (        
ance/ors he has desc5d$4 ,& yet at e    
/age ( desc5t ! organism may h obta9$   
fre% *>act]s1 or at lea/ h und]gone "s  
modification4 ,z rem>k$ by ,dr4 ,g4 ,h4 
,?4 ,eim]1 ,e "* :i* mu/ h be5 =m$ ?r\gh
 ! activity ( ! organism is an acquir$  
"*4 ,all *>act]s1 !re=e1 :i* h be5      
develop$ by ex]tion are acquir$1 & ^!   

*>act]s are inh]it$ f g5]ation to       
g5]ation4 ,! same holds = all organs    
atrophi$ ?r\gh disease--! degree (      
atrophy is acquir$ & inh]it$4 ,9 ! fir/ 
class we see especially ! action (      
direct adaptation2 9 ! second1 ! results
 ( ! cessation ( ! action4 ,a ?ird class
 ( acquir$ *>act]s is to be trac$ simply
 to ! imm$iate action ( ! environm5t on 
! organism1 &1 orig9ally1 at !          
comm5cem5t ( _! appe>ance1 all *>act]s  
mu/ h belong$ to ?is class4#gb3;,a ,we h
 "h a g5]al argum5t 9 opposition to !   
!ory prop\nd$ by ,pr(essor ,weismann1 t 
acquir$ *>act]s are n transmissible4    
,else:]e 7page #chb7 ,dr4 ,eim] obs]ves3
 ,phyletic gr[?1 or ! evolution ( !     
organic _w ev] into high] & m complex   
=ms1 or at lea/ into =ms ( diff]5t      
/ructure1 is1 z ,i h said1 m]ely ! sum (
 ! processes ( gr[? ( ! ance/ors--toge!r
 ) ! result ( ext]nal influ5ces on ! =ms
 dur+ _! developm5t & _! exi/5ce4 ,?is  
additional modification :i* !           
individuals z su* und]go is--toge!r ) ! 

influ5ce ( cross+--! v cause ( !        
con/antly progress+ evolution4 ,all t ! 
memb]s ( a s]ies ( individuals directly 
connect$ by desc5t acquire con/itutes   
toge!r ! mat]ial = ! =mation ( a new    
species4   ,,life',s ,,exp]i5ces        
,,affect+ ,,*ild4--,unless *>act]i/ics  
acquir$ by an individual1 t is1 !       
modifications ( ! organism due to 8 own 
life exp]i5ces1 are capable ( be+ h&$   
d[n to 8 (fspr+1 x is difficult to see  
h[ any progress c\ld be made 9 !        
developm5t ( ! race4 ,weismann's        
decl>ation t acquir$ *>act]s are n      
transmissible 0 a surprise to !         
sci5tific _w :5 fir/ made1 b x has be5  
accept$ by _m ,d>w9ians4 ,8 conclusion  
is dep5d5t on 8 doctr9e ( h]$ity1 :i*   
diff]s f t prop\nd$ by ,d>w91 b is by no
 means new2 z its lead+ ideas1 z po9t$  
out by ,pr(essor ,g4 ,j4                
,romanes1#gc3;,a are l>gely a           
reproduction ( ^? ( ,mr4 ,francis       
,galton1 ^: "w on h]$ity attract$ mu*   
att5tion :5 fir/ publi%$4 ,! views (    

,d>w91 ,galton & ,weismann on t subject 
h be5 comp>$ by ,pr(essor ,romanes1 :o  
expla9s ! di/9ction betwe5 !m4 ,he says 
7page #acc71 aft] ref]r+ to ! suppos$   
cont9uity ( ! g]m-plasm1 common to !    
!ories ( ,galton & ,weismann1 b n       
requir$ by t ( ,d>w91 ,! ?ree !ories may
 be rank$ ?us--,! p>ticulate elem5ts (  
h]$ity all proce$ c5tripetally f        
somatic-cells to g]m-cells 7gemmules73 !
 inh]itance ( acquir$ *>act]s is !re=e  
habitual4  ,^! p>ticulate elem5ts proce$
 = ! mo/ "p1 ?\gh n exclusively1 f      
g]m-cells to somatic-cells 7/irp73 !    
inh]itance ( acquir$ *>act]s is !re=e b 
occasional4  ,! elem5ts 9 "q proce$     
exclusively 9 ! c5trifugal direction la/
 m5tion$ 7g]m-plasm73 ! inh]itance (    
acquir$ *>act]s is !re=e impossible4  ,!
 fir/ ( ^! !ories is t ( ,d>w91 & ! la/ 
t ( ,weismann1 ^: notion ( ! cont9uity (
 g]m-plasm supposes t no "p ( an        
organism g5]ates any ( ! =mative mat]ial
 :i* goes to make up its (fspr+4 ,?is   
mat]ial is reg>d$ 9 mu* ! same light z !

 sp]m :i* ! male p>5t confides to !     
keep+ ( ! female1 accord+ to ! notion ( 
! anci5t _w above ref]r$ to4 ,=1 z      
,romanes /ates 7page #bf73 ,9 ea*       
g5]ation a small portion ( ?is sub/ance 
g]m-plasm is told (f to develop a new   
body to lodge & n\ri% ! ev]-gr[+ &      
nev]-dy+ g]m-plasm--?is new body1 !re=e1
 resembl+ its s-call$ p>5t body simply  
because x has be5 develop$ f "o & ! same
 mass ( =mative mat]ial2 &1 la/ly1 t ?is
 =mative mat]ial1 or g]m-plasm1 has be5 
cont9u\s ?r\gh all g5]ations (          
successively p]i%+ bodies1 :i* !re=e /& 
to x 9 mu* ! same relation z annual     
%oots to a p]5nial /em3 ! %oots resemble
 "o ano!r simply because !y are all gr[n
 f "o & ! same /ock4  ,al?\gh ,pr(essor 
,weismann d5ies t acquir$ *>act]s1 t is1
 individual peculi>ities aris+ z !      
result ( p]sonal exp]i5ce1 are          
transmitt$1 he admits t cong5ital       
*>act]s1 t is1 peculi>ities ) :i* an    
individual is born1 are transmitt$ to   
(fspr+4 ,z cong5ital *>act]s mu/1       

orig9ally1 h be5 individual1 x is n easy
 at fir/ sight to p]ceive ,weismann's   
real mean+4 ,x is necess>y1 !re=e1 to   
ent] m p>ticul>ly into a consid]ation ( 
8 !ory1 :i* he reg>ds z 9 g5]al accord )
 ,d>w9's !ory ( pang5esis4 ,d>w9        
supposes t all ! cells ( ! body         
cont9ually give (f great numb]s (       
gemmules1 :i* are convey$ by ! blood &  
deposit$ 9 ! g]m-cells ( ! organism4 ,^!
 cells are ?us end[$ ) ! p[] ( develop+ 
a new organism ( ! same k9d1 ea* gemmule
 reproduc+ ! cell f :i* x 0 d]iv$4 ,^!  
ultimate vital units are call$ by       
,weismann biophors1 b he supposes !m n  
to be ! ultimate be>]s ( vitality4 ,!y  
are said to be arrang$ 9 gr\ps to :i* ! 
t]m det]m9ants is appli$1 & ^! gr\ps are
 comb9$ s z to =m ance/ral ids or       
g]m-plasms4 ,ea* det]m9ant1 :i* is made 
up ( p]fectly def9ite numb]s &          
comb9ations ( biophors1 is ! prim>y     
con/itu5t ( a p>ticul> cell1 or ( a gr\p
 ( cells1 su* z a blood corpuscle4 ,!   
det]m9ants ?us control ! cell by break+ 

up into biophors1 :i* migrate into !    
cell body ?r\gh ! nucle> membrane1      
multiply !re1 arrange !mselves accord+  
to ! =ces )9 !m1 & det]m9e ! hi/ological
 /ructure ( ! cell1 impress+ ^u x its   
inh]it$ specific "*4 ,! /ructure ( !    
cell1 & ( e subsequ5t /age1 exi/s !re=e 
pot5tially 9 ! inh]it$ /ructure ( ! id1 
& ! det]m9ation ( its "* dep5ds on !    
biophors :i* ! correspond+ det]m9ant    
conta9s1 & :i* x transmits to ! cell4   
,,g]m-,,plasm4--,:ile ,weismann reg>d$  
g]m-plasm z absolutely /able1 ! only    
mode by :i* cong5ital v>iation c\ld be  
br\ght ab\t 0 t ( amphimixis1 or        
int]m+l+ ( individuals 9 ! process (    
g5]ation4 ,z modifi$1 h[ev]1 by 8 late/ 
"w1 ,! ,g]m-plasm1 a ,!ory ( ,h]$ity1   
publi%$ 9 #ahib1 8 !ory n[ all[s ! plasm
 to be capable ( modification1 & he     
ascribes t v>iation to ! direct effects 
( ext]nal influ5ces on ! biophors &     
det]m9ants ( ! g]m-plasm4 ,! in/ability 
( ?is sub/ance is s slight1 h[ev]1 t    
cong5ital v>iations _c be act$ on &     

p]petuat$ by natural selection1 & !     
influ5ce ( amphimixis is ?us requir$ = !
 purpose4 ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c]1 h[ev]1 9  
criticis+ ,weismann's !ory1 decl>es t   
functionally produc$ modifications (    
/ructure are transmissible1 & he ref]s 9
 support ( 8 cont5tion to ! rem>kable   
effect ( arre/$ nutrition on ! /ructure 
& habits ( wasps & bees4 ,x especially  
affects ! reproductive organs1 & h5ce   
!re is no occasion to call 9 ! aid (    
amphimixis to p]petuate ! v>iations     
produc$1 its (fice be+ ! bl5d+ ( !      
elem5ts on :i* ! *>act]i/ics ( (fspr+   
dep5d4  ,if x be ask$ h[ modifications  
are actually transmitt$1 we may say t x 
c be only by an affection ( ! g]m-cell4 
,?is probably takes place by deviations 
9 ! /ructure ( :at ,weismann calls      
det]m9ants1 or ( gr\ps ( det]m9ants1    
?r\gh re>rangem5t ( _! prim>y units4 ,! 
modification w\ld be prec$$1 h[ev]1 by a
 correspond+ *ange 9 ! n]ve c5t]s       
conc]n$ 9 ! use or disuse ( ! organs    
affect$4 ,mr4 ,sp5c] %[s t "u c]ta9     

conditions *anges take place 9 ! conduct
 ( c]ta9 insects1 & t ! mat]nal         
activities & in/9cts und]go analog\s    
*anges1#gg3;,a facts :i* po9t to a loss 
( n]v\s en]gy & to an intimate          
connection betwe5 ! n]v\s sy/em & !     
reproductive function4 ,use or disuse   
fir/ increases or dim9i%es ! activity ( 
c]ta9 n]ve c5t]s1 & ?is leads to a      
modification ( ! correspond+ g]m-cells4 
,if s1 ! det]m9ants1 in/ead ( be+ fir/  
affect$1 z propos$ by ,weismann1 & ?us  
det]m9+ ! v>iations1 are 9 reality      
modifi$ z ! result ( ! functional       
*anges1 & are ?us capable ( transmitt+  
^! *anges to succe$+ g5]ations4  ,9 a   
subsequ5t article1 publi%$ 9 ,!         
,contempor>y ,review = ,octob]1 #ahid1  
,mr4 ,sp5c] recapitulates 8 argum5t 9   
favor ( ! transmission ( acquir$        
*>act]s1 & ref]s to obs]vations made by 
,pr(essor ,h]twig & o!rs1 :i* he reg>ds 
z %[+1 fir/ly1 t all ! multiply+ cells (
 ! develop+ embryo are alike2 &1        
secondly1 t ! soma-cells ( ! adult      

sev]ally reta91 9 a lat5t =m1 all ! p[]s
 ( ! orig9al embryo-cell1 facts :i* he  
rightly consid]s disproves ,weismann's  
hypo!sis ( panmixia4 ,if ?is is         
surr5d]$1 !n1 says ,mr4 ,sp5c]1 all t   
evid5ce collect$ by ,mr4 ,d>w9 & o!rs1  
reg>d$ by !m z pro( ( ! inh]itance (    
acquir$ *>act]s1 :i* 0 cavali]ly set    
aside on ! /r5g? ( ?is alleg$ process ( 
panmixia is re9/at$4 ,& ?is re9/at$     
evid5ce1 jo9$ ) mu* evid5ce s9ce        
furni%$1 suffices to e/abli% ! repudiat$
 int]pretation4  ,great /ress 0 laid by 
,pr(essor ,weismann1 z evid5ce 9 support
 ( 8 !ory1 on ! suppos$ fact t !        
inh]itance ( injuries su/a9$ dur+ life  
has n be5 prov$4 ,p>ticul> att5tion has 
be5 paid to ?is po9t by ,dr4 ,eim]1 9   
relation to :i* he rem>ks3 ,t injuries  
incurr$ dur+ life are b seldom          
transmitt$ to ! (fspr+ does n appe> to  
me wond]ful3 ! inh]itance ( ! complete  
=m & complete activities ( ! organism1  
:i* took root su* enorm\sly long p]iods 
( "t ago1 & has be5 /r5g!n$ at ea*      

g5]ation1 w1 z a rule1 c\nt]balance 9 ! 
(fspr+ any su* injuries incurr$ only    
once & n repeat$4#gi3;,a ,?is is ! same 
argum5t z 0 us$1 z quot$ above1 by      
,pr(essor ,cope1 to disprove ! occurr5ce
 ( bir?m>ks1 & ,dr4 ,eim] goes on to    
/ate t !re are injuries :i* are n       
transmitt$ to (fspr+1 al?\gh !y are     
con/antly repeat$1 z an in/ance ( :i* he
 ref]s to ! rupture ( ! hym54 ,he adds1 
h[ev]3 ,9 su* cases we mu/ presume a    
specially effective p[] ( correlative   
activity1 direct$ to ! "p affect$ &     
resid+ 9 ! :ole organism--! same        
comp5sat+ p[] :i* leads 9 l[] animals1  
dur+ ! life ( ! individual1 to !        
reg5]ation ( p>ts :i* h be5 lo/ or      
artificially remov$4 ,b ^! cases d n    
prove ! g5]al proposition t injuries are
 n inh]it$2 !y d n prove t ev5 injuries 
:i* h be5 repeat$ dur+ a consid]able    
p]iod are n inh]it$4 ,hi!rto little     
importance has be5 atta*$ to !          
demon/ration ( ! inh]itance ( injuries4 
,yet s+le cases ( ! inh]itance (        

injuries only once incurr$ seem to me to
 be ?or\ghly au!ntic4   ,,cong5ital     
,,de=mities4--,pr(essor ,weismann1 9    
reply+ to ! criticisms ( ,pr(essor      
,vir*[1 admitt$ ! exi/5ce ( a numb] (   
cong5ital de=mities1 bir?m>ks & o!r     
individual peculi>ities1 :i* are        
inh]it$1 b he affirms t we d n "k f :at 
causes !y fir/ appe>$1 & t a great      
proportion ( !m proce$ f ! g]m itself1 &
 are due1 !re=e1 to alt]ation ( ! g]m9al
 sub/ance4 ,!re is no pro( ( ?is1 h[ev]1
 accord+ to ,dr4 ,eim]1#hj3;,a :o       
appeals to v>i\s facts 9 support ( 8    
cont5tion t injuries & diseases are     
inh]it$4 ,he ?9ks ! deg5]ation ( ! tail 
9 ! high] mammals is a case 9 po9t1     
al?\gh x has requir$ great p]iods ( "t  
to complete4 ,among o!r in/ances (      
inh]it$ injuries m5tion$ by ,dr4 ,eim]  
is "o 9 :i* a sc> ov] ! left e> &       
temple1 caus$ to a girl by be+ ?r[n f a 
c>riage1 0 transmitt$ to h] son &       
gr&son1 ! son ( ! latt] also %[+ abs5ce 
( hair on ! injur$ spot1 al?\gh ! defect

 gradually disappe>$ ) him1 ne>ly a     
hundr$ ye>s aft] ! accid5t4 ,! case (   
,dr4 ,nossel]1 :o inh]it$ f 8 "m a cru%$
 f+] jo9t1 caus$ by an accid5t :i*      
happ5$ two ye>s be=e 8 bir?1 w\ld seem  
to be conclusive pro( t injuries are    
transmissible4 ,dr4 ,eim] ref]s also to 
! bre$+ ( %ort-tail$ po9t]s f dogs ^:   
tails _h be5 artificially %ort5$2 & also
 to ,br[n-,sequ>d's exp]im5ts ) gu9ea   
pigs1 9 :i* epilepsy 0 inh]it$ by _!    
(fspr+1 :o %[$ also ! loss ( c]ta9      
phalanges1 or ev5 :ole toes ( ! h9d     
feet1 ! p>5ts hav+ suff]$ a simil> loss 
ow+ to ! division ( ! sciatic n]ve4 ,he 
adds t num]\s o!r in/ances ( !          
inh]itance ( injuries h be5 record$1 z  
inh]itance ( ! artificially %ort5$ tail 
( ! bull1 ( artificially produc$        
hornlessness 9 cattle1 _m cases (       
inh]itance 9 man ( curvature 9 a f+]1   
caus$ by injury1 inh]itance ( ! abs5ce (
 "o eye :i* _h be5 lo/ by ! fa!r dur+   
life or by disease1 etc4  ,! "q ( !     
inh]itance ( de=mities & diseases1 & !  

causes ( ! g]m-v>iations on :i* x       
dep5ds1 h be5 consid]$ by ,zeigl]1 ^:   
conclusions1 z quot$ by ,dr4 ,eim] 7page
 #ahf71 are too important to be omitt$4 
,! causes :i* ,zeigl] assigns = ! orig9 
( su* g]m-v>iations are ( ?ree k9ds4 ,^!
 are3 #a--,union ( sexual nuclei :i* are
 n adapt$ = copulation2 #b--;,di/urbance
 ( ! copulatory process itself2         
#c--;,injuri\s influ5ces :i* affect !   
sexual nuclei or ! f]tiliz$ ovum at a "t
 :5 sep>ation ( ! sexual cells f ! body 
cells has n yet occurr$4 ,if ! embryo is
 injuri\sly affect$ at a lat] p]iod1    
says ,zeigl]1 ei!r a mal=mation or a    
con/itutional anomaly arises1 :i* is n  
inh]it$1 or only ! sexual cells are     
injur$1 9 :i* case ! body-cells develop 
normally1 & a di/urbance %[s itself only
 9 ! developm5t ( ! next g5]ation4 ,!   
union ( sexual nuclei n adapt$ =        
copulation appe>s1 h[ev]1 to be ! mo/   
frequ5t & mo/ important cause ( h]$it>y 
local mal=mations z well z ( h]$it>y    
morbid t5d5cies1 or ( a defect 9 any    

sy/em ( ! :ole organism4 ,if ! nuclei   
are altoge!r unadapt$ to ea* o!r1       
/]ility occurs1 z 9 ! sexual nuclei (   
di/9ct species4   ,,psy*ical            
,,diseases4--,zeigl]'s conclusions are  
support$ by ref]5ce to ! enquiries ( !  
di/+ui%$ psy*iatri/1 ,d4 ,von           
,krafft-,eb+s1 :o has consid]$ ! h]$ity 
( psy*ical diseases1 & 9 connection !re)
 m5tions ?ree ess5tial facts :i* x is   
necess>y to keep 9 view :5 deal+ ) t    
subject4 ,! fir/ ( ^! facts is ,atavism1
 by :i* ! bodily & m5tal organization & 
"* c be transmitt$ f ! fir/ to ! ?ird   
g5]ation1 )\t any necessity t ! second &
 int]m$iate "o %\ld exhibit !           
peculi>ities ( ! fir/--?us ! condition (
 ! life & heal? ( ! gr&p>5ts are (      
int]e/ = u4 ,secondly1 ,only 9 r>e cases
 is ! actual disease transmitt$ 9       
procreation 7cong5ital insanity1 h]$it>y
 syphilis71 z a rule only ! disposition 
!reto4 ,actual disease only occurs :5   
accessory injuri\s influ5ces produce an 
effect bas$ ^u t disposition4 4 4 4 ,we 

mu/1 !re=e1 consid] also ! /ate ( heal? 
( ! relatives 7uncles1 c\s9s1 aunts71 & 
s9ce "h also ! law ( atavism holds good1
 ! possible diseases ( great-uncles &   
great-aunts4 ,?irdly1 ,dr4 ,von         
,krafft-,eb+s says1 ,only exceptionally 
does ! same disease develop 9 asc5dant z
 9 desc5dant l9es1 9 consequ5ce ( !     
transmission ( morbid dispositions4 ,on 
! contr>y1 !re exi/s a rem>kable        
v>iability 9 ! =ms ( disease :i* may    
almo/ claim ! value ( a law 7! law (    
polymorphism or transmutation74  ,?is   
law is ref]r$ to by ,m4 ,ribot z "o ( ! 
causes ( deviation f h]$ity1 & he speaks
 ( x z trans=mation4 ,z examples (      
trans=mation ( h]$ity1 ,ribot ref]s to  
fix$ ideas 9 ! prog5itor1 :i* may become
 9 ! desc5dants melan*oly1 ta/e =       
m$itation1 aptitude = ! exact sci5ces1  
en]gy ( w1 etc42 ! mania ( prog5itors   
may be *ang$ 9 ! desc5dants into        
aptitude = ! arts1 livel9ess (          
imag9ation1 quickness ( m9d1 inconsi/5cy
 9 desires1 sudd5 & v>iable w4 ,j z real

 insanity1 says ,moreau ( ,t\rs1 may be 
h]$it>ily reproduc$ only "u ! =m (      
ecc5tricity1 may be transmitt$ f        
prog5itors to desc5dants only 9 modifi$ 
=m1 & 9 m or less mitigat$ "*1 s a /ate 
( simple ecc5tricity 9 ! p>5t--a /ate   
:i* is no m ?an a peculi>ity or a       
/rang5ess ( "*--may 9 ! *ildr5 be !     
orig9 ( true insanity4 ,?us 9           
trans=mations ( h]$ity we sometimes h ! 
g]m atta9+ its maximum int5sity2 & aga91
 a maximum ( activity may rev]t to !    
m9imum4#hd3;,a  ,x %\ld be borne 9 m9d1 
z m5tion$ by ,von ,krafft-,eb+s1#hd3;,b 
t ev]y?+ :i* debilitates ! n]v\s sy/em &
 ! g5]ative p[]s ( ! p>5ts1 be x        
immaturity or too advanc$ old age1      
previ\s debilitat+ diseases 7typhus1    
syphilis71 m]curial treatm5t1 alcoholic 
& sexual excesses1 ov]work1 etc41 may   
give rise to neuropa?ic con/itutions1 & 
!reby indirectly to e possible n]v\s    
disease 9 ! desc5dants4                 
,,telegony4--,!re is "o rem>kable       
ph5om5on1 spok5 ( by v>i\s writ]s z     

telegony1 :i* has an important be>+ on !
 subject ( ! transmission ( acquir$     
*>act]s1 & %[s ! action ( pr5atal       
influ5ce 9 an unexpect$ =m4 ,x is ref]r$
 to by ,pr(essor ,romanes1 :5 he says1  
,x has n unfrequ5tly be5 obs]v$1 at any 
rate 9 mammals1 t :5 a female has borne 
prog5y to a male ( "o v>iety1 &         
subsequ5tly be>s prog5y to a male (     
ano!r v>iety1 ! y\ng] prog5y pres5ts a m
 or less unmi/akable resemblance to !   
fa!r ( ! old] "o4#he3;,a ,?is curi\s    
fact 0 consid]$1 9 relation to plants   
especially1 by ,d>w91 :o affirms1 z     
quot$ by ,romanes1 t x is ( ! highe/    
!oretical importance1 z ,! male elem5t n
 only affects1 9 accordance ) its prop] 
function1 ! g]m1 b at ! same "t v>i\s   
p>ts ( ! "m-plant1 9 ! same mann] z x   
affects ! same p>ts 9 ! sem9al (fspr+ f 
! same two p>5ts4 ,we ?us le>n t an     
ovule is n indisp5sable = ! reception ( 
! influ5ce ( ! male elem5t4  ,! curi\s  
ph5om5on ( telegony is n limit$1 h[ev]1 
to plants4 ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c] drew      

att5tion1 9 ,! ,contempor>y ,review =   
,m>*1 #ahic1 to a case :i* has long be5 
kn[n to horsebre$]s1 & :i* may be said  
to h become classic4 ,! facts 7 br\ght1 
by ! ,e>l ( ,morton1 to ! att5tion ( !  
,royal ,society ( ,great ,brita91 z long
 ago z ! ye> #ahbj4 ,! ,e>l1 :o possess$
 a male quagga1 said1 9 a lett] to !    
,presid5t3 ,i tri$ to bre$ f ! male     
quagga & a "y *e/nut m>e ( sev5-eigh?s  
,arabian blood1 & :i* _h nev] be5 br$ f2
 ! result 0 ! production ( a female     
hybrid1 n[ five ye>s old1 & be>+1 bo? 9 
h] =m & 9 h] col\r1 v decid$ indications
 ( h] mix$ orig94 ,i subsequ5tly p>t$ ) 
! sev5-eigh?s ,arabian m>e to ,sir ,gore
 ,ouseley1 :o has br$ f h] by a v f9e   
black ,arabian horse4 ,i ye/]day morn+  
exam9$ ! produce1 namely1 a two-ye>-old 
filly & a "o-ye>-old colt4 ,!y h ! "* ( 
! ,arabian bre$ z decid$ly z c be       
expect$1 :]e fifte5-sixte5?s ( ! blood  
are ,arabian2 & !y are f9e specim5s ( t 
bre$2 b bo? 9 _! col\r & 9 ! hair ( _!  
manes !y h a /rik+ resemblance to !     

quagga4 ,_! col\r is bay1 m>k$ m or less
 l ! quagga 9 a d>k] t9t4 ,bo? are      
di/+ui%$ by ! d>k l9e along ! ridge ( ! 
back1 ! d>k /ripes across ! =ehead1 & ! 
d>k b>s across ! back "p ( ! legs4 ,mr4 
,sp5c] ref]s to an analog\s case ( !    
influ5ce ( a wild bo> ov] ! subsequ5t   
prog5y ( a dome/ic s[1 & x n[ appe>s t  
su* effects are n s uncommon z !        
sci5tific _w has suppos$4  ,pr(essor    
,romanes made p>ticul> enquiries on ?is 
subject ( pr(essional & amateur bre$]s (
 animals1 & he says mo/ ( 8             
correspond5ts are q p]suad$ t x is (    
frequ5t occurr5ce1 _m ( !m reg>d x z a  
g5]al rule1 :ile "s ( !m g s f> z to    
make a po9t ( always putt+ a m>e1 bit*1 
etc41 to a good p$igree male 9 h] fir/  
season1 s t h] subsequ5t prog5ies may be
 b5efit$ by 8 influ5ce1 ev5 ?\gh !y be  
eng5d]$ by inf]ior sires4#hg3;,a ,8 own 
m mode/ conclusion is t ! evid5ce he    
obta9$ is en\gh to prove ! fact ( a     
previ\s sire ass]t+ 8 influ5ce on a     
subsequ5t prog5y1 al?\gh ?is fact is "o 

( comp>atively r>e occurr5ce4  ,!       
,engli% ,d>w9ian met ) only "o case 9   
:i* ! (fspr+ ( a woman by a second      
husb&1 :o 0 a :ite man1 %[$ ! influ5ce (
 h] fir/ husb&1 :o 0 a negro4 ,mr4      
,h]b]t ,sp5c] w\ld seem to h be5 m      
successful4 ,9 ,! ,contempor>y ,review =
 ,may1 #ahic1 ,mr4 ,sp5c] gives ! result
 ( 8 own enquiries z to ! effect on a   
:ite woman's subsequ5t prog5y ( a       
previ\s union ) a negro1 & he quotes !  
op9ion ( a di/+ui%$ correspond5t1 t     
in=mation giv5 to him _m ye>s ago 0 to !
 effect t ! *ildr5 ( :ite wom5 by a :ite
 fa!r _h be5 repeat$ly obs]v$ to %[     
traces ( black blood1 9 cases :]e !     
woman _h previ\s connexion ) i4 e41 a   
*ild by a negro4 ,mr4 ,sp5c] ref]s also 
to ,pr(essor ,m>% z au?ority = su* a    
case1 & to ! op9ion ( sev]al m$ical     
pr(essors :o assur$ him1 ?r\gh ,dr4 ,w4 
,j4 ,y\mans1 t ! alleg$ result is       
g5]ally accept$ z a fact4 ,he gives z   
au?oritative te/imony ! foll[+ /atem5t  
by ,dr4 ,au/9 ,fl9t1 tak5 f 8 ,text-book

 ( ,human ,physiology3 ,a peculi> &1 x  
seems to me1 an inexplicable fact is1 t 
previ\s pregnancies _h an influ5ce ^u   
(fspr+4 ,?is is well kn[n to bre$]s (   
animals4 ,if pure blood$ m>es or bit*es 
h be5 once cov]$ by an inf]ior male1 9  
subsequ5t fecundations ! "y are likely  
to p>take ( ! "* ( ! fir/ male1 ev5 if  
!y be br$ ) males ( unimpea*able        
p$igree4 ,:at ! me*anism ( ! influ5ce ( 
! fir/ conception is1 x is impossible to
 say2 b ! fact is inconte/able4 ,! same 
influ5ce is obs]v$ 9 ! human subject4 ,a
 woman may h1 by a second husb&1 *ildr5 
:o resemble a =m] husb&1 & ?is is       
p>ticul>ly well m>k$ 9 c]ta9 in/ances by
 ! color ( ! hair & eyes4 ,a :ite woman 
:o has _h *ildr5 by a negro may         
subsequ5tly be> *ildr5 to a :ite man1 ^!
 *ildr5 pres5t+ "s ( ! unmi/akable      
peculi>ities ( ! negro race4  ,?is      
ph5om5on w\ld alone seem to answ] ! "q (
 ! transmission ( acquir$ *>act]s 9 !   
affirmative1 = its explanation is to be 
f\nd 9 ! facts br\ght out by ,d>w91 z to

 ! action ( =eign poll5 on ! /ructure ( 
! "m plant2 9 relation to :i* ,pr(essor 
,romanes rem>ks3 ,:5 "o v>iety f]tilizes
 ! ovules ( ano!r n unfrequ5tly !       
influ5ce ext5ds beyond ! ovules to !    
ov>ium1 & ev5 to ! calyx & fl[]-/alk1 ( 
! "m plant4 ,?is influ5ce1 :i* may      
affect ! %ape1 size1 col\r1 & texture ( 
! somatic tissues ( ! "m1 has be5 obs]v$
 9 a l>ge numb] ( plants belong+ to _m  
diff]5t ord]s4#hi3;,a ,may we n h "h !  
explanation ( ! fact1 :i* has frequ5tly 
be5 po9t$ out1 t husb& & wife %[ a      
t5d5cy to gr[ l ea* o!r1 bo? physically 
& m5tally1 ! resemblance aft] a long    
m>ri$ life be+ sometimes v /rik+8       
,,p[] ,,( ,,h]$ity4--,! mo/ important   
fact br\ght out 9 ! discussion ( !      
possibility ( ! transmission ( acquir$  
*>act]s is ! p[] ( h]$ity4 ,if organisms
 did n reproduce _! own special         
*>act]i/ics1 !re c\ld be no fixity ( =m 
& no ord] 9 organic nature4 ,nev]!less1 
if !re 7 no *ange by individual         
modification or div]g5ce1 9 :atev] way  

?is may be r5d]$ p]man5t 9 ! race1 !re  
c\ld be no evolution4 ,h5ce we c say1 ) 
,dr4 ,eim]1 ,any "o :o ?us completely   
r5d]s allegiance to ! supremacy ( !     
pr9ciples ( ! unity ( ! organic _w1 :o  
rejects ev]y?+ :i* contradicts t        
pr9ciple1 _c help admitt+ t 9 tru?1 z ,i
 ass]t1 ! ultimate orig9 ( ! v>i\s      
k9%ips 9 ! animal & vegetable k+dom is  
to be trac$ to individual diff]5ces1 & t
 ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! =m]1 l ! latt]1 mu/
 be ess5tially det]m9$ by ext]nal       
conditions1 by ! modification ( organic 
gr[?4  ,! causes ( div]sity :i* int]f]e 
) ! action ( h]$ity may op]ate1 z we h  
se51 at ! mom5t ( conception1 or        
subsequ5t to conception4 ,! =m] class ( 
causes is ( great importance1 9         
accordance ) ! pr9ciple1 laid d[n by ,m4
 ,ribot1 ( ! disproportion ( effects to 
causes1 & x is ess5tial1 !re=e1 if      
*ildr5 are to be well-born1 t _! p>5ts  
%\ld be c>eful t at ! mom5t (           
procreation !y are fitt$ = ! p]=mance ( 
s s]i\s an act4 ,mr4 ,j4 ,f4 ,nisbet 9 8

 ,m>riage & ,h]$ity 7page #abf71 well   
obs]ves1 ,tw9s usually be> a clos]      
resemblance to ea* o!r ?an to _! bro!rs 
& si/]s born at a diff]5t p]iod2 & !    
reason g5]ally assign$ is t !y are      
conceiv$ "u precisely simil> conditions4
 ,if s1 x foll[s t ! diff]5ce exi/+     
betwe5 ord9>y memb]s ( a family is due  
to _! be+ born at consid]able int]vals (
 "t & !re=e "u *ang$ conditions on ! "p 
( _! p>5ts4   ,,sobriety ,,9 ,,!        
,,fa!r4--,especially does x conc]n !    
fa!r1 :o is ! mo/ active ag5t 9         
reproduction1 to see t he is !n 9 a fit 
condition4 ,?is is q ap>t f ! "q ( !    
diseas$ condition ( ! organism treat$ ( 
by ,dr4 ,von ,krafft-,eb+s1 & ref]s to  
tempor>y r ?an to cont9u+ causes4       
,sobriety is 9 ?is connection ( great   
importance1 &1 z appe>s f a passage1    
already quot$1 9 ,x5ophon1 0 insi/$ on  
at ! "t ( procreation1 by ! anci5ts4    
,zeigl] po9ts out1 z quot$ by ,dr4      
,eim]1 t sub/ances tak5 up f )\t1 z1 =  
example1 poisons1 are br\ght by ! blood 

to ! sexual cells1 & o!rs produc$ 9 !   
body are convey$ to ! sexual            
organs4#ia3;,a ,x is sugge/$ t alcohol  
has su* an effect1 & !re c be no d\bt t 
a t5d5cy to ! dr9k+ habit may be        
implant$ 9 a *ild by a p>5t intoxicat$  
at ! "t ( procreation1 ) ! possibility (
 its lead+ to o!r evils 9 succe$+       
g5]ations1 end+ 9 ! e>ly ext9ction ( !  
family4 ,nisbet ref]s to sev]al cases ( 
?is "*1 & rem>ks 7page #aab7 t1 ,!re is 
a limit to ! transmission ( abnormal    
*>act]s1 ei!r 9 an orig9al or 9 a       
disguis$ =m4 ,always /riv+ aft]         
p]fection1 or r uni=mity ( type1 ,nature
 ei!r purifies a race ( its physical &  
moral defects1 or1 if ! type be too     
vici\s1 ext]m9ates x1 z 9 ! case ( !    
,caes>s1 ! ,/u>ts1 & _m o!r hi/orical   
families4 ,d\treb5te came to !          
conclusion1 h[ev]1 t insanity--&        
d\btless x is true ( o!r conditions--may
 be work$ out ( a family by ! infusion (
 heal?y blood1 except :]e bo? p>5ts 7   
insane1 9 :i* case _! (fspr+ w become   

ext9ct4  ,! law ( ,leviticus 7*ap4 x1   
v]se #i7 provides1 "u p5alty ( dea?1 t !
 prie/s %\ld n dr9k w9e or /rong dr9k   
be=e go+ into ! t5t ( meet+4 ,! m /r+5t 
regulations provid$ by ?is law 9        
relation to int]c\rse betwe5 ,jehovah & 
,8 p require physical & moral p]fection 
9 ^? :o approa* ! deity1 & !y may be    
/udi$ ) advantage at ! pres5t day by ^? 
:o wi% to aid 9 ! p]fect+ ( ! race4 ,!  
man :o _h a blemi% 0 n all[$ to g ne> ! 
alt> ( sacrifice1 t ! sanctu>y might n  
be pr(an$2 & ! sanctu>y ( ! human       
organism %\ld no less be pres]v$ f      
pr(anation4   ,,sacr$ness ,,(           
,,p>5tage4--,x w\ld be well if ! sacr$  
act ( procreation 7 p]=m$ m (t5 9 ! _s (
 ! anci5ts1 :o reg>d$ m>riage z a sacr$ 
in/itution1 design$ n only = !          
p]petuation ( ! race1 b also = ! c>ry+  
on ( ! religion ( ! dome/ic he>?4 ,!    
fir/-born *ild especially 0 consid]$ to 
h be5 s5t by ! gods1 & c>e 0 tak51      
!re=e1 t x %\ld be well-born4 ,pray] &  
(f]+s 7 made to ! spirits be=e ! nuptial

 b$ 0 approa*$1 & ev]y?+ 0 done to      
ensure ! gift !y 7 ask$ = %\ld be 9 e   
respect wor?y ( !m4 ,among ! anci5t     
,hebrews ! fir/-born ( all t op5e? !    
womb 0 d$icat$ to ,jehovah 7,exodus     
xxxiv1 #ai71 & h5ce ! rights ( ! elde/  
son c\ld n be defeat$ by 8 fa!r3 = he is
 ! beg9n+ ( 8 /r5g? 7,deut4 xxi1 #ag74  
,! di/urbance ( ut]9e exi/5ce betwe5    
conception & bir? is t :i* has engag$   
mo/ att5tion1 & ! fact t su* di/urbances
 c take place requires t ! expectant "m 
%\ld be protect$ f any?+ t c s act on h]
 own organism z to prev5t ! due op]ation
 ( ! law ( h]$ity4 ,! precautions tak5  
by primitive peoples 9 relation to food 
may h "s f\ndation 9 fact1 & any food   
%\ld be avoid$ by ! ence9te woman :i* w 
injuri\sly influ5ce ! sy/em1 or give    
rise to organic di/urbances t may affect
 ! blood by :i* ! embryo is n\ri%$4     
,emotional di/urbances are to be no less
 avoid$1 z ?r\gh ! n]v\s sy/em !y act on
 ! blood itself4 ,h[ f> ! action ( !    
emotions c influ5ce ! physical organism 

has become a moot "q ) psy*ologi/s1 :o  
n[ seem incl9$ to ?9k t movem5ts are n  
caus$ by ! emotions1 b are ar\s$        
reflexly by ! object4 ,?us1 if ! sight (
 a disagreeable object affects by reflex
 action ! muscul> sy/em ( ! "m1 x w     
ar\se 9 h] a concomitant emotion1 :i*   
be+ transmitt$ to ! embryo may act on   
its muscul> sy/em1 leav+ ! impression z 
a bir?m>k1 :i* may be reg>d$ z a        
reflection f ! c]ebral n]ve c5t] ( ! "m1
 :e!r emotion is ! cause or effect (    
muscul> movem5t4  ,if ! unborn *ild c be
 affect$ injuri\sly by di/urbances ( !  
"m's environm5t1 x is reasonable to     
suppose t ! *ild c be influ5c$ 9 !      
opposite direction by mak+ t environm5t 
z conducive to ! normal activity ( !    
mat]ial organism z possible4 ,! /ory (  
,jacob & ,laban1 ref]r$ to at ! beg9n+ (
 ?is *apt]1 af=ds an important lesson z 
to ! surr\nd+s ) :i* ! wife %\ld be     
provid$4 ,! b$*amb] itself may become a 
means ( influ5c+ (fspr+ = good or evil1 
& h5ce x %\ld conta9 only :at is        

agreeable to ! s5ses1 & capable ( giv+  
rise to pleasant imag9+s4 ,especially   
%\ld ?is be ! case :]e a woman is ( a   
highly s5sitive nature4 ,impressions    
receiv$ f )\t dep5d l>gely = _! =ce &   
influ5ce1 h[ev]1 on ! condition ( !     
receptive m9d1 & beautiful surr\nd+s _c 
make up = ! want ( inw>d h>mony4 ,a     
happy & cont5t$ m9d is ! be/ gu>antee t 
! due action ( ! law ( h]$ity w n be    
di/urb$ at ! "t ( conception or         
aft]w>ds4 ,?us1 bick]+s betwe5 husb& &  
wife mu/ h a di/urb+ effect1 especially 
if c>ri$ into ! b$*amb]4 ,! sage ( old  
said3 ,let n ! sun g d[n ^u ?y wra?1 &  
p>5ts %\ld make x a po9t ( duty1 = !    
sake ( _! future (fspr+1 nev] to let !  
disputes ( ! daytime--if un=tunately !y 
occur--be c>ri$ into ! night4 ,! b$*amb]
 is ! place = m5tal z well z physical   
repose4  ,! sure/ gu>antee aga9/ !      
occurr5ce ( conditions :i* may          
injuri\sly affect ! future (fspr+1 ei!r 
at ! "t ( procreation1 or dur+ !        
subsequ5t p]iod ( ge/ation1 is to be    

f\nd 9 ! g5]al life ( ! p>5ts4 ,?is w   
give ! g5]al impress :i* affects !      
disposition ( ! *ild z a :ole1 & x w %[ 
:at are ! conditions ( ! family life "u 
! influ5ce ( :i* x 0 born4 ,! nature ( !
 home is ?us an important factor 9      
det]m9+ t ( ! (fspr+1 & x w necess>ily  
be a reflection ( ! g5]al "* ( ^? on :om
 x dep5ds4 ,a noble life 9 ! p>5t w be> 
fruit 9 ! physical1 intellectual & moral
 "* ( ! *ild1 & al?\gh ?is is true 9    
relation to ! fa!r z well z to ! "m1 x  
is d\bly true z to ! latt]1 see+ t ! "m 
alone is ! be>] & n\ri%] ( (fspr+ dur+ !
 p]iod ( ge/ation4 ,dur+ ?is p]iod !    
*ild acquires probably _m ( ! *>act]s   
:i* x inh]its f its "m1 & ! mat]nal     
influ5ce may ?us be ext5d$ to ! p]iod ( 
lactation4 ,! importance atta*$ to      
fo/]age1 :]e ?is practice became an     
e/abli%$ cu/om1 z ) ! e>ly ,iri% &      
,arabs1 w\ld seem to prove t !          
*>act]i/ics ( ! nurse 7 to "s ext5t     
transmitt$ to ! *ild ) ! milk4 ,! e>ly  
,arabs reg>d$ ! milk-tie z con/itut+ a  

real unity ( fle% & blood betwe5 ! fo/] 
"m & ! fo/] *ild1 & betwe5 fo/] *ildr51 
s mu* s z to be a b> to m>riage4        
,,self-,,control4--,"o v s]i\s matt] :i*
 %\ld be kept 9 m9d by an expectant "m  
is ! duty ( ex]cis+ self-control4 ,!    
influ5ce ( ?is pr9ciple 9 relation to ! 
g5]al life & conduct has be5 repeat$ly  
po9t$ out1 & x is ref]r$ to by ,j5nie   
,*&l] 9 ,! ,j\rnal ( ,hygi5e = ,augu/1  
#ahie1 :]e we are told3 ,! p[] (        
self-ma/]y is believ$ by sci5ti/s to be 
! la/ "o acquir$ by ! human race 9 !    
process ( evolution1 & ! la/ p[]s       
acquir$ are n s firmly fix$ 9 our       
natures z "s :i* h be5 long] 9 our      
possession4 ,! result is1 x becomes     
d]ang$ m readily ?an m fix$ =ces4 ,9 _m 
cases1 self-control has nev] be5 acquir$
 at all1 & s ! p]son c only p>tly ma/]  
himself4 ,z a rule1 *ildr5 h little (   
?is p[]4 ,!y are l animals4 ,little by  
little1 z !y gr[ old]1 x gr[s1 & 9 "s x 
becomes s well develop$ t x is almo/    
p]fect4 ,9 o!rs1 l music 9 ^? :o nev]   

acquire x1 or any o!r faculty1 x nev]   
becomes a pot5t factor 9 life4  ,dr4    
,*&l] adds1 ,woman z well z man ne$s to 
le>n self-ma/]y4 ,) a l>ge am\nt ( feel+
 9 h] nature1 x is v h>d = h] to d x1 b 
%e %\ld try4 ,too _m ( u g ?r\gh life   
nev] mak+ any ef=t to be our own ma/]s4 
,we give way to caprices1 :ims1 feel+s1 
follies1 f> m ?an is good = our heal?4  
,hy/]ia gives u a good example ( ! loss 
( self-control4 ,any uncontroll$ passion
 gives an equally vivid example4 ,m5 &  
wom5 (t5 say !y c't gov]n !mselves2 t is
 admitt+ !y h defects ( "* :i* are _!   
ma/]s4 ,!y ought to make ef=t & see if  
!y are n mi/ak54 ,! wor/ effect ( lack (
 self-control are on ! heal?4 ,x all[s e
 k9d ( bad habit 9 eat+1 dr9k+1 dress+1 
sleep+1 to ga9 possession ( ! p]son1 & !
 result is a weak in/ead ( a /rong "*4  
,consid]+ ! effect :i* ! organic        
disposition ( ! "m has on ! future      
(fspr+1 x is evid5t t :e!r a *ild %all h
 ! p[] ( self-control dep5ds v l>gely on
 ! "m h]self1 & x is all-important1     

!re=e1 t %e %\ld h & ex]cise t p[]      
h]self4 ,z ,dr4 ,*&l] rem>ks1 ,no matt] 
h[ mu* y h be5 to s*ool1 h[ _m college  
degrees y h1 y are n educat$ till y h a 
reasonable control ( y\r own nature1 & c
 direct y\r own lives r ?an h !m direct$
 = y by y\r feel+s & emotions4 ,?is tru?
 obta9s fre% significance :5 we consid] 
t a woman's conduct affects ! direction 
n only ( h] own life1 b ! lives ( h]    
future *ildr51 & possibly ( succe$+     
g5]ations4  ,al?\gh mu* has yet to be   
done to prove ! actual effects on (fspr+
 ( ! conduct ( its p>5ts1 en\gh is kn[n 
to e/abli% ! fact t bo? ! g5]al         
disposition & ! p>ticul> conduct ( fa!r 
or "m may int]f]e ) ! ord]ly action ( ! 
law ( h]$ity4 ,?is law ensures !        
inh]itance ( race & individual *>act]s2 
b :5 ^! are good1 a noble life w cause !
 t5d5cies t[>ds good to be /ill fur!r   
/r5g!n$ 9 (fspr+1 & if !y are evil1 !n !
 disposition w receive an incl9ation 9 !
 opposite direction1 or1 at lea/1 !     
fur!r developm5t ( evil w be arre/$4 ,on

 ! o!r h&1 a degrad+ life w produce bad 
effects on (fspr+1 caus+ det]ioration ( 
! organic disposition & /r5g!n+ ! t5d5cy
 to evil x may h inh]it$1 or weak5+ its 
t5d5cies t[>ds ! good4   ,,footnotes3   
#eg3;,a ,h]$ity4 ,by ,?4 ,ribot 7,new   
,york3 ,d4 ,appleton  ,co41 #ahge71 p4  
#bja4  #ei3;,a ,! ,orig9 ( ! ,fitte/4   
,by ,e4 ,d4 ,cope 7,d4 ,appleton  ,co41 
,new ,york74 ,page #djh4  #fe3;,a       
,pione]+ 9 ,new ,gu9ea4 ,by ,james      
,*alm]s4 #ahhg4 ,page #afe4  #ff3;,a    
,developm5t ( ,k9%ip & ,m>riage4 ,page  
#bfd4  #fg3;,a ,rese>*es into ! ,e>ly   
,hi/ory ( ,mank9d4 ,page #bib4  #ga3;,a 
,cope's ,orig9 ( ! ,fitte/4 7,r$way1    
,london4 #ahhi47 ,page #djg4  #gb3;,a   
,organic ,evolution4 ,translat$ by ,j4  
,t4 ,cunn+ham1 ,m4 ,a4 7,london1        
,macmillan  ,co41 #ahij47 ,page #hf4    
#gc3;,a ,exam9ation ( ,weismannism4 ,!  
,op5 ,c\rt ,publi%+ ,co41 ,*icago4      
#ahic4  #gg3;,a ,! ,contempor>y ,review1
 ,septemb]1 #ahic4  #gi3;,a ,organic    
,evolution4 ,translat$ by ,j4 ,t4       

,cunn+ham1 ,m4 ,a4 ,page #ac4  #hj3;,a  
,organic ,evolution1 page #agf4  #hd3;,a
 ,organic ,evolution1 page #baa4        
#hd3;,b ,op4 cit41 page #bja4  #he3;,a  
,exam9ation ( ,weismannism1 page #gg4   
#hg3;,a ,exam9ation ( ,weismannism1 page
 #bb4  #hi3;,a ,exam9ation (            
,weismannism1 page #gi4  #ia3;,a        
,organic ,evolution1 page #ahg4         
,,h]$ity ,,& ,,education4  ,a ,lecture  
deliv]$ be=e ! ,brooklyn ,e?ical        
,association4   ,9 pres5t+ ! subject (  
h]$ity & its relation to education1 x   
seems to me be/ to consid] fir/ :at is  
meant by ! t]m1 & aft] ?is ! views held 
on ! subject by our lead+ evolutioni/s1 
:5 its relation to education w be easi] 
&1 ,i hope1 m satisfactory4  ,9 common  
p>lance1 h]$ity is ! transmission ( any 
trait or peculi>ity f ! p>5t to !       
(fspr+1 z ! color ( ! hair1 ! =m ( !    
nose1 ! tones ( ! voice2 or any disease1
 or any special "* t may exi/ 9 ei!r    
p>5t4  ,if a horse has a /> on its      
=ehead l "o ( its ance/ors1 we say x is 

due to h]$ity4 ,if an ox has color m>ks 
on its body l its p>5t1 x is a case (   
h]$ity4 ,if a human be+ has a disease   
:i* 8 ance/ors _h1 v (t5 he decl>es he  
inh]it$ x f !m1 ev5 if x be only a      
common cat>rh4 ,b ?is is a n>r[ view ( !
 subject1 & does n include all t a      
biologi/ means :5 he uses ?is ^w4  ,by  
h]$ity he und]/&s ! production f a      
f]tiliz$ ovum ( an individual1 ) all !  
g5]al *>act]i/ics ( /ructure & function 
( body & bra9 ( ! species to :i* x      
belongs4 ,x means t ! (fspr+1 h[ev] mu* 
!y may v>y 9 g5]al *>act]s1 w always be 
( ! same species z ! p>5ts4 ,! (fspr+ ( 
dogs w be dogs2 ( wolves1 wolves2 (     
negroes1 negroes1 & ( :ite m51 :ite m54 
,any?+ less is n h]$ity 9 its full s5se4
  ,d>w91 :om we all love & honor1 says3 
,! :ole subject ( inh]itance is         
wond]ful1 & 9 ?is he b voices ! univ]sal
 s5tim5t ( ^? :o h giv5 any s]i\s       
consid]ation to x4 ,let me try to %[ y  
h[ wond]ful x is by an illu/ration4 ,f v
 anci5t times ! horse has be5 ! con/ant 

companion ( man4 ,?is animal1 ) 8       
spl5did muscul> sy/em1 ! mo/ p]fect1    
p]haps1 ( any creature1 has = 8 food &  
%elt]1 & n always ! be/ ( ^!1 r5d]$     
mank9d almo/ inf9ite s]vice4 ,n[1 e     
horse t has ev] be5 born into ! _w began
 life z a m9ute ovum1 :i* "u !          
microscope pres5ts no appe>ance ( a     
horse1 or any o!r animal1 &1 /range to  
say1 ?is ovum is1 to all appe>ance1 l ! 
ovum ( o!r animals1 & no am\nt ( /udy1  
)\t kn[+ its orig91 c decide :e!r x w   
develop z a dog1 an ox1 a horse or a    
man4 ,aft]1 h[ev]1 x has gone ?r\gh !   
process ( ge/ation1 ?is app>5tly simple 
egg becomes an animal ( a v complex     
nature1 ) he>t1 lungs1 bra91 eyes1 e>s1 
m\?1 /oma*1 & blood vessels1 all :]e !y 
%\ld be & ready to p]=m _! functions2 ) 
m5tal traits ( a peculi> k9d :i* adapt  
him to ! s]vice :i* man requires4 ,nay  
m3 ,9 ! process ( ! evolution ( ! horse1
 little by little he has *ang$ 9 v>i\s  
ways1 & _m1 if n all ( ^! *anges 9 8    
bodily con/itution & 9 8 m5tal          

*>act]i/ics1 :i* h be5 f\nd useful or   
made him m s]viceable to man1 8 great]  
docility1 8 increas$ size1 8 enorm\s    
/r5g? & spe$1 8 wond]ful beauty1 ?r\gh a
 wise selection & ! we$+ out ( ! unfit  
on ! "p ( ! bre$]1 h be5 transmitt$     
?r\gh h]$ity to 8 (fspr+1 s t today only
 a paleontologi/ c tell u if he f9ds !  
rema9s ( a primitive horse1 t x belongs 
to ! same class ( animals z ! horse (   
our "t4   ,,!ories4--,our !ories (      
h]$ity w dep5d on ! ext5t ( our k1 &    
especially our k ( embryology4 ,9 ! la/ 
c5tury k on ?is subject 0 v meagre1     
especially t "p ( embryology :i* c\ld   
only be /udi$ ) ! microscope2           
consequ5tly ! views ( sci5ti/s & o!rs ( 
t "t 7 exce$+ly crude4 ,! mo/ important 
0 t ( ,malphigi & ,bonnet1 :o ma9ta9$ t 
! m9iature animal exi/$ 9 ! egg2 t      
f]tilization by ! male elem5t simply    
furni%$ x ) food = gr[?1 & t ?is 0 add$ 
to & /or$ up 9 its int]/ices4 ,cuvi]1   
,hall] & ,leibnitz adopt$ sub/antially  
^! views4 ,! latt] f\nd !m to support 8 

op9ion t ev]y?+ 0 ! result ( gr[? f     
monads1 & t !re 0 no su* ?+ 9 all nature
 z g5]ation4  ,su* a !ory 0 v simple1 b 
x expla9$ no?+ except ! b>e production (
 (fspr+4 ,x gave no clue to _! endless  
v>iations1 nor to ! fact t !y (t5       
resembl$ ! fa!r m ?an ! "m4 ,accord+ to 
?is !ory ! (fspr+ %\ld resemble ! "m1 z 
! complete individual is =m$ by h] &    
%\ld be 9 h] image4  ,leeuw5hock1 "o ( !
 e>ly microscopi/s1 by ! aid ( 8 l5ses1 
op5$ a new _w to mank9d1 & discov]$ !   
sp]m cells to be active1 liv+1 mov+     
elem5ts1 & he gave a dea?-bl[ to !      
belief t ! p]fect organism exi/s 9 !    
ovum2 b he w5t to ! opposite extreme1 & 
ma9ta9$ t x exi/s 9 ! male cell & t x is
 only f$ & develop$ by ! female4 ,ev5   
today we f9d 9 a vague way bo? ^! !ories
 held by educat$ p]sons4  ,we are       
indebt$ to ,h>vey 9 ! e>ly "p ( !       
eighte5? c5tury = advocat+ ! view held  
by ,ari/otle1 n[ kn[n z ,epig5esis1 &   
combatt+ ! view ( gr[? f a m9iature1 b  
already p]fectly =m$ animal1 to a       

visible "o4 ,epig5esis consi/s 9 !      
successive diff]5tiation f ! relatively 
homog5e\s elem5ts z f\nd 9 ! egg1 to !  
complicat$ p>ts & /ructure z se5 9 !    
(fspr+4  ,accord+ to ,huxley1 ?is "w (  
,h>vey alone w\ld h entitl$ him to      
recognition z "o ( ! f\nd]s ( biological
 sci5ce1 _h he n immortaliz$ himself z !
 discov]] ( ! circulation ( ! blood4  ,n
 long aft] ,h>vey's publication1 ,casp] 
,fr$]ick ,wolf e/abli%$ ! !ory (        
epig5esis ^u a firm f\ndation1 :]e x    
/ill rema9s4  ,! doctr9e ( epig5esis has
 v mu* complicat$ ! :ole "q ( h]$ity4   
,no wond] ev5 s great a m9d z t ( ,d>w9 
exclaim$1 ,! :ole subject is wond]ful4  
,h[ c an egg1 :i* 9 /ructure is         
comp>atively simple1 an aggregation (   
cells1 n "o ( :i* be>s ! slighte/       
resemblance to any organ 9 ! body1      
develop into ! p]fect individual8 ,h[ c 
?is egg1 =m$ 9 special organs1 develop  
o!r organs ?an ^? l ! ones 9 :i* x 0    
=m$8 ,h[ c sexual cells develop bra9    
cells1 ) _! wond]ful modes ( action8    

,we _c expla9 ! philosophy ( h]$ity )\t 
be+ able to answ] ^! que/ions2 b        
difficult z is ! problem1 our biologi/s 
h made v>i\s attempts at an explanation4
 ,i _c g ov] all ! v>i\s speculations1 b
 only ^? mo/ intimately connect$ ) !    
subject w be m5tion$4  ,! fir/ is       
,d>w9's own attempt at an explanation by
 ! !ory ( pang5esis1 or g5esis f e "p4  
,he saw ! necessity ( hav+ 9 ! sexual   
cells "s p[] or =ce to repres5t ! o!r   
organs & functions ( ! body1 else h[    
c\ld ^! organs be =m$ 9 ! embryo8       
,pang5esis 0 suppos$ to be accompli%$ z 
foll[s3 ,e organ ?r\gh its cells gives  
(f gemmules4 ,^! are inconceivably      
small1 too small = any microscopical    
vision2 also inconceivably great 9      
numb]s1 & ) great p[] ( gr[? &          
multiplication4 ,!y pass f ! v>i\s      
organs 9 :i* !y are =m$ to ! special sex
 organs = g5]at+ ! sexual cells2 "s ( !m
 are /or$ up z repres5tatives ( ! v>i\s 
organs f :i* !y h be5 giv5 (f4 ,!       
consequ5ce is t e egg has 9 x some?+ f e

 organ 9 ! body ( bo? p>5ts :i* is able1
 dur+ ge/ation1 to develop into t organ4
  ,accord+ to ?is !ory1 = in/ance1 if no
 gemmules are giv5 (f f ! bra91 !n no   
bra9 c be develop$ f ! egg1 & s ( o!r   
organs4 ,z 9 a repres5tative gov]nm5t1  
all p>ts ( ! c\ntry s5d repres5tatives  
to ! capitol to d ! bidd+ ( ! p1 s e    
organ ( ! body s5ds repres5tatives to ! 
sexual cells to =m _! respective organs2
 )\t !m ^! organs w\ld n be =m$4  ,!re  
are _m objections to pang5esis1 b !y ne$
 n be nam$ "h4 ,x occurr$ to ,galton1 ^:
 /udies 9 h]$ity h be5 m prolific ( good
 ?an ^? ( any o!r man1 to te/ x by      
practical exp]im5t4 ,if ^! gemmules are 
circulat+ 9 ! blood ( animals be=e be+  
/or$ up 9 ! sexual cells1 by transfus+  
blood f "o v>iety ( any species to ano!r
 x ought to affect ! (fspr+ ( ?is o!r4  
,= 8 te/ cases he *ose eighte5 silv]grey
 rabbits :i* bre$ true1 & into _! bodies
 he transfus$ ! blood ( o!r diff]5t     
v>ieties1 9 sev]al cases replac+ "o-half
 ( ?is fluid4 ,!re 7 eighty-six (fspr+  

br$ at once f ^! silv]grey rabbits1 &   
all true silv]greys4 ,! !ory did n "w4  
,b if x did n "w 9 practice1 x c]ta9ly  
work$ on ! intellects ( biologi/s       
ev]y:]e1 exactly :at ,d>w9 wi%$2 x set  
!m to ?9k+4 ,x act$ z a f]m5t1 s to say1
 & br\ght =? a ri* h>ve/ 9 speculation  
if n 9 actual k4#ajf3;,a   ,,cont9uity  
,,( ,,! ,,g]m-,,plasm4--,! only o!r !ory
 :i* ,i %all m5tion is t ( ,weismann1   
:i* has be5 be=e ! public = m ?an a     
decade1 & x is safe to say x has produc$
 a m pr(\nd impression ^u biologi/s ?an 
all o!rs4 ,x has its basis 9 :at he     
calls cont9uity ( ! g]m-plasm4 ,by !    
g]m-plasm is meant t "p ( ! g]m cell    
conta9+ all ! *emical & physical        
prop]ties1 includ+ ! molecul> /ructure1 
:i* enables x to become1 "u appropriate 
conditions1 a new individual ( ! same   
species z ! p>5ts4 ,9 x lies hidd5 all !
 *>act]i/ics bo? ( ! species & ( !      
future individual4 ,9 x lies all !      
ph5om5a ( h]$ity4 ,x is ! product ( !   
coalesc5ce ( ! male & female elem5ts    

requisite = reproduction4 ,only1 h[ev]1 
9 ! nucle> sub/ance is to be f\nd !     
h]$it>y t5d5cies4 ,n[1 ?is g]m-plasm is 
cont9u\s1 t is to say1 x conta9s n only 
mat]ial f bo? p>5ts1 b f gr&p>5ts &     
greatgr&p>5ts1 & s on indef9itely4 ,?is 
g]m-plasm is exce$+ly m9ute 9 quantity1 
b has great p[] ( gr[?4 ,n all is us$ up
 9 ! production ( any individual1 b "s  
is left ov] & /or$ up = ! next g5]ation4
 ,! g]m-plasm might be repres5t$ z a    
long creep+ root1 f :i* arise at        
int]vals all ! individuals ( successive 
g5]ations4 ,! am\nt ( ance/ral g]m-plasm
 9 ea* f]tiliz$ ovum is calculat$ 9 !   
same way t /ock bre$]s calculate ! am\nt
 ( blood ( any ance/or runn+ 9 any      
individual4 ,= in/ance3 ,! g]m-plasm    
contribut$ by ! fa!r & "m is ea*        
"o-half2 ea* gr&p>5t "o f\r?1 & s on4   
,t5 g5]ations back ea* ance/or          
contributes only "o "p 9 "o ?\s& &      
tw5ty-f\r p>ts4 ,?is cont9uity has by "s
 be5 call$ ! immortality ( ! g]m-plasm4 
,!oretically1 ! orig9al ,adam & ,eve h  

contribut$ an inf9itesimal "p4 ,?is     
probably expla9s :y !re is s mu* ( !    
orig9al ,adam 9 mo/ ( u4 ,by x we are   
able to expla9 t wond]ful fact (        
atavism1 or ! appe>ance ( *>act]s f a   
remote ance/or 9 (fspr+4 ,"s ( !        
g]m-plasm f ?is ance/or by "s means has 
_h an opportunity to gr[ rapidly &      
contribute m ?an its %>e 9 ! production 
( ! individual 9 :i* x appe>s4  ,x also 
enables u to expla9 ! fact t no two     
individuals are q alike1 b t !re is     
con/ant v>iation4 ,ea* p]son is !       
product ( a multitude ( ance/ors1 & !   
g]m-plasm :i* produc$ !m is nev] mix$1 9
 q ! same proportion1 nor d ! diff]5t   
p>ts gr[ ) q ! same vigor4  ,x 0 on ?is 
!ory ( ! cont9uity ( ! g]m-plasm t      
,weismann built 8 doctr9e ( !           
non-transmission ( acquir$ *>act]s4 ,on 
?is subject he says3 ,h5ce x foll[s t ! 
transmission ( acquir$ *>act]s is an    
impossibility1 = if ! g]m-plasm is n =m$
 anew 9 ea* individual1 b is d]iv$ f t  
:i* prec$$ x1 its /ructure1 & above all1

 its molecul> con/itution1 _c dep5d ^u !
 individual 9 :i* x happ5s to occur1 b  
su* an individual only =ms1 z x 71 !    
nutritive soil at ! exp5se ( :i* x gr[s1
 :ile ! latt] possess$ its "* f !       
beg9n+1 t is1 be=e ! comm5cem5t ( gr[?4 
,( ?is1 h[ev]1 ,i w speak lat]4   ,a    
,,rational ,,view ,,( ,,h]$ity4--,i     
might cont9ue giv+ o!r !ories (         
h]$ity--,haeckel's1 = in/ance--or !     
metaphysical !ory1 b x is h>dly         
necess>y4 ,i d n accept 9 full any ( !m4
 ,_! au?ors1 x seems to me1 h n work$   
along ! l9es ( evolution1 b h gone fur!r
 ?an 0 necess>y into ! fields (         
speculation4 ,d>w91 9 8 !ory (          
,pang5esis1 admitt$ ?is frankly1 & yet  
he clung to ! idea ) great t5acity4 ,if 
we take ! unicellul> organisms :i*      
multiply by division1 we may see t      
h]$ity is simple4 ,"o unicellul>        
individual gr[+ l>g] ?an is conv5i5t1   
divides into two4 ,ea* is l ! o!r4 ,x   
c\ld h>dly be diff]5t4 ,reproduction by 
spores or buds is practically ! same ?+4

 ,! spores or buds are m9ute p>ticles ( 
! p>5t organism4 ,:5 x comes to !       
coalesc5ce ( ! g]m & sp]m elem5ts f two 
organisms1 ! ph5om5a become m           
complicat$1 & x is /ill m s z ! animal  
rises 9 ! scale ( creation2 b ,i believe
 ! processes ( organic evolution h gone 
on s sl[ly t ! sexual cells h acquir$ ! 
p[] to transmit ! :ole organism )\t !   
necessity ( ! g]m-plasm be+ cont9u$ f   
p>5t to (fspr+ indef9itely1 & also )\t !
 aid ( pang5esis4  ,! egg has acquir$ a 
t5d5cy to develop 9 a c]ta9 direction4  
,j h[ we _c tell1 fur!r ?an to say t x 0
 probably ! result ( v>iation fir/ &    
natural selection select+ out ^?        
v>iations mo/ suitable4 ,x is ?is t5d5cy
 to v>y t gives rise to _m ( ! ph5om5a (
 h]$ity4 ,! subject is1 = ! pres5t1     
beyond our p[] to settle satisfactorily1
 & s hypo!ses mu/ be resort$ to4 ,!     
sexual cells1 comp>atively simple 9     
anatomical /ructure1 mu/ be highly      
complex 9 _! molecul> /ructure2 & ! m   
highly evolv$ ! organism1 ! m complex   

becomes ?is molecul> /ructure4 ,if x 7  
possible to /udy ?is molecul> /ructure  
we %\ld be able to und]/& ! :ole subject
 f> bett] ?an is possible n[4 ,b ?is is 
n possible1 & !re is little hope t we   
%all ev] be able to accompli% x4        
,,h]$ity ,,& ,,! ,,education ,,(        
,,*ildr54--,! next "q :i* comes up =    
consid]ation is t ( ! education ( *ildr5
 & its relation to h]$ity4 ,?is br+s u  
at once to ! problem z to :e!r acquir$  
*>act]s are transmitt$ to (fspr+ or n4  
,if acquir$ *>act]s are transmitt$1 !   
relation ( h]$ity to education mu/ be v 
close & important4 ,if acquir$ *>act]s  
are n inh]it$1 !n h]$ity & education h a
 v diff]5t relation4 ,t acquir$ *>act]s 
are transmitt$ has long be5 believ$4 ,x 
0 ! belief ( ,lam>ck4 ,he tri$ to expla9
 ! /ructure ( ! organism by ?is         
pr9ciple4 ,! illu/ration ( ! long neck (
 ! giraffe is famili> to e "o4 ,x       
orig9at$ by ! con/ant /ret*+ ( ?is "p to
 obta9 food f ! trees4 ,9 times (       
sc>city1 he _h to ex]t himself 9 ?is way

 /ill m to rea* ! high] bran*es4 ,! "y (
 ! giraffe _h long] necks ?an _! p>5ts  
because ( ! ef=ts ( ! latt] 9 ?is way4  
,s ! ke5 sight ( birds1 x 0 argu$1 0    
acquir$ 9 ! same mann]4 ,! hawk _h to   
ex]cise 8 eyes mo/ vigor\sly to disc]n 8
 prey at a di/ance1 & 8 (fspr+ inh]it$  
?is ke5ness ( sight acquir$ by ! ex]cise
 ( 8 ance/ors4  ,d>w9 believ$ t !       
effects ( ! ex]cise ( any "p 7          
transmitt$4 ,he says3 ,we may feel      
assur$ t ! inh]it$ effects ( ! use &    
disuse ( p>ts w h done mu* 9 ! same     
direction ) natural selection 9 modify+ 
man's /ructure ( body4  ,we may say t   
?is belief has be5 held by ! common p1  
un$ucat$ 9 sci5ce4 ,!y n unfrequ5tly get
 at tru?s 9 a rude way long be=e !      
sci5ti/s d4 ,_m p>5ts tell u _! *ildr5  
are /rongly influ5c$ by "s p>ticul>     
occupation ( ! "m dur+ pregnancy4 ,s    
/rong is ?is belief1 t _m mo!rs are 9   
our times try+ to influ5ce ! "* ( _!    
unborn *ildr5 by special modes ( life1  
by cultivat+ music or art1 or sci5ce1 9 

ord] to give ! *ild a love = ^!         
pursuits4  ,x is by ,h]b]t ,sp5c] t ?is 
has be5 mo/ ably pres5t$4 ,inde$1 he    
holds t !re is no explanation (         
evolution )\t ! transmission ( ! effects
 ( ! use & disuse ( p>ts4 ,8 words are3 
,if !re has be5 no transmission (       
acquir$ "* !re has be5 no evolution4    
,he also says3 ,if we g back to ! g5esis
 ( ! human type f "s l[] type (         
primates1 we see t :ile ! little toe has
 ceas$ to be ( any use = climb+         
purposes1 x has n come into any         
consid]able use = walk+ or runn+4 ,x is 
manife/ t ! great toes h be5 imm5sely   
develop$ s9ce !re took place ! *ange f  
arboreal to t]re/rial habits4 ,a /udy ( 
! me*anism ( walk+ %[s :y ?is has       
happ5$4 ,/ability requires t ! l9e (    
direction--! v]tical l9e1 let fall f !  
c5t] ( gravity--%all fall )9 ! base1 & !
 walk+ %all be br\ght at ea* /ep )9 !   
area ( support1 or s ne> t any t5d5cy to
 fall may be *eck$ at ! next /ep4 ,a    
necess>y result is t if at ea* /ep !    

*ief /ress ( support is ?r[n on ! out]  
side ( ! foot1 ! body mu/ be sway$ s t !
 l9e ( direction may fall )9 ! outside (
 ! foot1 or close to x2 & :5 ! next /ep 
is tak5 x mu/ be simil>ly sway$ 9 an    
opposite direction1 s t ! out] side ( ! 
foot may be> ! weight4 ,t is to say1 !  
body mu/ oscillate f side to side1 or   
waddle4 ,! movem5t ( ! duck :5 walk+ %[s
 :at happ5s :5 ! po9ts ( support are f> 
ap>t4 ,?is k9d ( movem5t conflicts )    
effici5t locomotion4 ,!re is a wa/e (   
muscul> en]gy 9 mak+ ^! lat]al movem5ts1
 & !y are at v>iance ) ! =w>d movem5t4  
,we may inf]1 !n1 t ! develop+ man      
pr(it$ by ?r[+ ! /ress z mu* z possible 
on ! inn] side ( ! feet1 & 0 especially 
l$ to d ?is :5 go+ fa/1 :i* enabl$ him  
to abridge ! oscillations1 z inde$ we   
see x n[ 9 ! drunk5 man4 ,!n !re 0 ?r[n 
a cont9ually increas+ /ress ^u ! inn]   
digits z !y progressively develop$ f !  
ef=ts ( use1 until n[ ! inn] digits1 s  
l>ge comp>$ ) ! out]1 be> ! great] "p ( 
! weight1 & be+ relatively ne> "o ano!r 

r5d] ne$less any sway+ ( ! body f side  
to side 9 walk+4 ,b :at has mean:ile    
happ5$ to ! out] digits8 ,evid5tly z fa/
 z ! great toes h come m & m into play &
 ! small ones h gone m & m out ( play1  
dw9dl+ =--h[ long %all we say8--p]haps  
#ajj1jjj ye>s4 ,9 o!r & simpl] words1 ! 
great toe ( man has wond]fully develop$ 
s9ce he began to walk upright4 ,?is has 
be5 f great] use1 & ! transmission ( !  
effects ( ?is use to (fspr+4 ,! small   
toe has decreas$ 9 size proportionately4
 ,?is we c reasonably inf] has be5 !    
result ( disuse1 ! effects ( :i* 7 also 
transmitt$ to (fspr+4  ,a /ill m        
rem>kable illu/ration ( ! effects ( use 
& disuse is se5 9 ! s5se ( t\* 9 diff]5t
 p>ts ( ! body4 ,pr(4 ,web]1 9 8        
laboratory = exp]im5tal psy*ology1 has  
work$ out ?is diff]5ce mo/ m9utely4 ,he 
f9ds t by tak+ a pair ( compasses1 !    
po9ts ( :i* are less ?an "o-twelf? ( an 
in* ap>t1 ! end ( ! =ef+] is n able to  
di/+ui% m ?an "o po9t4 ,go+ to ! middle 
( ! back we h ! lea/ discrim9at+ p[] 9 !

 sk91 = ! po9ts mu/ be sep>at$ two & "o 
half in*es be=e ! n]ves c decide t !re  
are two4 ,any "o may te/ ?is on himself4
 ,betwe5 ^! extremes we h _m diff]5ces4 
,! end ( ! nose has f\r times z great   
p[] ( discrim9ation z ! =ehead4 ,:5 we  
come to ! tip ( ! tongue1 we f9d x f>   
excels any "p ( ! body 9 its p[] (      
tactual discrim9ation1 x be+ twice t ( !
 =ef+]4 ,9 e case we f9d !re is greate/ 
delicacy ( t\* 9 ^? p>ts :]e ?is s5se   
has be5 mo/ ex]cis$4 ,! tongue is be+   
con/antly ex]cis$ on our food1 on ! ro( 
( ! m\?1 ! tee?1 etc4 ,x is r>ely idle4 
,!re is 9 man no advantage = 8 survival1
 ,mr4 ,sp5c] ass]ts1 by hav+ su* a      
s5sitive tongue4 ,he c\ld get on j z    
well )\t x4 ,he reg>ds x z a case :]e ! 
ex]cise ( a function has exalt$ x       
rem>kably1 & ?is exaltation has be5     
transmitt$ to (fspr+4 ,natural          
selection1 he ?9ks1 is n suffici5t to   
acc\nt = x4 ,natural selection only     
pres]ves ^? *>act]s :i* w give _!       
possessor "s advantage 9 ! /ruggle =    

exi/5ce4  ,/ill ano!r argum5t is drawn f
 ! :ale4 ,?is mon/] once liv$1 x is     
believ$1 p>tly on l&1 probably on l[ l& 
ne> wat]1 & mu/ h be5 small] ?an n[4 ,x 
_h h9d legs2 b s9ce x has liv$          
cont9u\sly 9 ! wat] its tail has s      
develop$ z to make a f> bett] organ (   
locomotion1 & ! legs h dw9dl$ f disuse1 
s t n[ !re is only a remnant left1 & ?is
 is hidd5 b5ea? ! sk94 ,! tail has      
become m effici5t f use1 & ?is has be5  
transmitt$ s t all :ales are born ) well
 develop$ tails4 ,! legs h dw9dl$ = want
 ( use until !y h almo/ disappe>$2 & ?is
 effect ( disuse has also be5 transmitt$
 to (fspr+4  ,ano!r illu/ration is      
furni%$ by ,havelock ,*>les1 an ,engli% 
surgeon1 :o has sp5t mu* "t among !     
,punjab tribes 9 ,india1 & /udi$ !m     
an?ropologically4 ,8 acc\nt is giv5 9 ,!
 ,j\rnal ( ,anatomy1 9 a pap] on !      
/ructure ( ! skeletons ( ^! p4 ,x appe>s
 !y h facets on ! bones1 fitt+ !m = !   
sitt+ po/ure4 ,^! d n develop aft] bir?1
 b are se5 9 ! fetus4 ,x seems h>dly    

possible t ^! facets c\ld h any o!r     
orig9 except by transmission aft] be+   
acquir$ by ages ( use ( sitt+ po/ure4   
,ano!r argum5t is drawn f ! coadaptation
 ( p>ts4 ,we "k t ! male %eep1 likewise 
! goat1 ! /ag1 & ! males ( _m o!r       
animals1 h l>ge horns4 ,!y are suppos$  
to be useful 9 fight+ ) rivals 9 ord] to
 secure z l>ge a numb] ( females z      
possible4 ,n[ ^! l>ge horns require at !
 same "t a great] developm5t ( ! bones (
 ! head to hold !m1 also l>g] & /rong]  
v]tebrae ( ! neck & back1 & l>g] muscles
 ( ^! p>ts to ma9ta9 & use !m           
effectively4 ,9 o!r words1 !re mu/ be   
coadaptation ( all ! p>ts1 o!rwise ^!   
l>g] horns w\ld be an incumbrance &     
useless4 ,n[1 if we accept ! !ory ( !   
inh]itance ( acquir$ *>act]s1 ?is is all
 simple4 ,! use ( ! head 9 butt+ aga9/  
o!r males ex]cises all ^! p>ts          
simultane\sly1 & !y develop equally & at
 ! same "t4 ,if1 h[ev]1 inh]itance has  
no "p 9 ! matt]1 !n we mu/ fall back on 
v>iation 9 ! g]m-plasm & natural        

selection = an explanation2 b x is      
difficult or1 z ,sp5c] says1 impossible 
to conceive ( v>iation produc+ l>ge &   
heavy horns on ^! animals & at ! same "t
 coadaptation ( all ! o!r p>ts to hold &
 use !m4 ,sometimes coadaptation does n 
take place1 z 9 ! common brook crab1    
famili> to e c\ntry boy4 ,its =eclaws or
 f+]s are out ( all proportion to ! re/ 
( ! leg1 & its awkw>dness is well kn[n4 
,! lob/] is ano!r case4 ,ev5 9 human    
be+s we h in/ances ( non-coadaptation1 z
 :]e ! head & bra9 are out ( proportion 
to ! size ( ! body1 or ! rev]se4 ,i ne$ 
n multiply in/ances4  ,n[1 if acquir$   
*>act]s are transmitt$1 any sy/em (     
tra9+ :i* exi/s = a consid]able "t mu/  
necess>ily appe> 9 ! /ructure ( ! body &
 9 ! "*4 ,if ! tra9+ is n 9 accord ) !  
laws ( evolution1 x causes ! race to    
deviate f ! true l9e ( progress1 & by j 
s mu* h9d] advancem5t4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1
 our sy/ems ( education con=m to correct
 pr9ciples1 progress is advanc$ by !m4  
,q rec5tly an entirely new !ory has gr[n

 up1 oppos$ to ,lam>ckianism1 & ! !ory (
 ! transmission ( acquir$ *>act]s4 ,x   
has be5 be=e ! _w little m ?an a decade 
& has made rem>kable progress1 ?\gh x is
 too soon to say x has be5 e/abli%$     
beyond dispute4 ,pr(4 ,weismann1 its    
au?or1 is well equipp$ z a biologi/ to  
ma9ta9 & def5d x4 ,i h already /at$     
briefly 8 !ory ( h]$ity1 namely1 t !    
g]m-plasm is cont9u\s f p>5t to (fspr+4 
,?is necessitates a remodel+ ( commonly 
accept$ views1 an entire giv+ up ( !    
,lam>ckian belief t use & disuse h _!   
effect on prog5y4 ,if ! g]m-plasm       
cont9ues f "o g5]ation to ano!r1 !n x   
mu/ already h be5 =m$1 or at lea/       
provid$ =1 ev5 be=e ! bir? ( ! p>5ts4   
,!y may modify x1 ?r\gh gr[? &          
nutrition1 b n ?r\gh ex]cise ( any      
function4 ,pr(4 ,weismann w5t at !      
demon/ration ( 8 views 9 a ?or\ghly     
sci5tific way by ! mak+ ( exp]im5ts on  
liv+ animals & ! collection ( facts4 ,f 
8 exp]im5ts x is n[ pretty well e/abli%$
 t w\nds & injuries1 :i* he consid]s to 

be acquir$ *>act]s1 are n transmitt$4   
,no matt] = h[ _m g5]ations y cut (f !  
tails ( dogs1 cats1 horses or %eep1 !   
effects ( ?is removal d n appe> 9 !     
prog5y4 ,mo/ p>5ts h "s m>k on ! body1  
receiv$ 9 e>ly life1 "s cut or bruise1  
"s scrat*1 b _! *ildr5 d n inh]it !m4 ,!
 fam\s exp]im5t ( cutt+ (f ! tails (    
mice1 = g5]ation aft] g5]ation1 & !n    
bre$+ f !m 0 "o ( ,weismann's me?ods (  
sub/antiat+ ! !ory t acquir$ "* is n    
inh]it$4 ,! (fspr+ ( ^! mutilat$ mice _h
 z long tails z if ^? ( _! p>5ts _h n   
be5 remov$4 ,! explanation is1 !        
g]m-plasm 0 n 9 any way affect$ by !    
bodily mutilation4 ,! practice ( !      
,fla!ad ,indian is ano!r case4 ,! *ildr5
 ( p>5ts ^: heads h be5 artificially    
flatt5$ are n affect$ by x4 ,! small    
feet ( ,*9ese wom51 made s by b9d+ !m & 
prev5t+ _! gr[?1 may also be m5tion$4   
,,intellectual ,,acquirem5ts4--,n to    
dep5d on su* evid5ce1 h[ev]1 he adduces 
t ( a v diff]5t "*1 namely1 !           
non-transmission ( intellectual         

acquirem5ts4 ,language is an example4   
,al?\gh human be+s h be5 communicat+ _! 
?\ghts to ea* o!r f v anci5t times by   
spee*1 yet e *ild has to le>n h[ to d   
?is = itself4 ,no matt] h[ _m languages 
! p>5ts ma/]1 _! *ildr5 h to g ov] all !
 gr\nd ! p>5ts did1 make all ! toil &   
ef=t to le>n to speak4 ,! *ildr5 ( ! mo/
 gift$ l+ui/s1 if br\ght up )\t com+ 9  
contact ) ^? :o c tea* !m to talk1 w    
nev] le>n a s+le ^w4 ,!re are1 x is     
claim$1 a few cases on record ( *ildr5  
:o nev] acquir$ _! natural tongue       
because !y _h liv$ among animals & n    
among human be+s4 ,!y le>n$ to make !   
same vocal s\nds ! animals did1 no m4 ,!
 environm5t 9 ?is case 0 ev]y?+1 !      
p>5tal acquirem5ts no?+4  ,music1 l     
language1 is also an acquir$ "*1 & x is 
probably n transmitt$4 ,our musical     
g5iuses are n ! *ildr5 ( great          
musicians1 b 9 mo/ cases ! rev]se4 ,!y  
seem to spr+ into exi/5ce f l[ly s\rces1
 or at lea/ f p>5ts ^: advantages = a   
musical education h be5 v limit$1 ?\gh  

g5]ally !y h _h good heal?1 & a climatic
 environm5t ( a favorable k9d4 ,great   
musical tal5t usually dies out 9 any    
family 9 a few g5]ations1 no matt] h[   
mu* x is cultivat$1 or1 if x does n die 
out entirely1 x becomes m$iocre2 & yet !
 opportunities ( ! *ildr5 ( great       
musicians1 & ! ambition ( _! p>5ts = its
 culture1 are usually v favorable4      
,,in/9ct4--,9 accept+ ! !ory ( !        
non-transmission ( acquir$ *>act]s1 x   
becomes necess>y to give up prevail+    
views ( ! orig9 ( in/9ct4 ,accord+ to ! 
old belief x 0 a gift ( ,god1 & n       
acquir$ by any ef=t on ! "p ( its       
possessor4 ,9 speak+ ( ! in/9ct ( bees1 
,sidney ,smi? says3 ,provid5ce has done 
x4 ,!re are ! bees1 !re is ! comb1 & !  
honey1 get rid ( x or f9d "s o!r        
explanation if y c4  ,! e>ly            
evolutioni/s *ang$ all ?is1 & made      
in/9ct ! inh]itance ( an (t-repeat$ act4
 ,! "y kitt51 z soon z old en\gh1 hunts 
= a m\se & cat*es x )\t any tra9+4 ,!   
sight ( ! m\se acts on its n]v\s sy/em 9

 su* a way z to compel x to creep up    
s(tly1 jump on x1 toy & play ) x1 &     
f9ally kill & eat x4 ,x w\ld h requir$  
long practice on ! "p ( its ance/ors    
be=e s wond]ful a "* c\ld h become fix$4
 ,! same is true ( ! sett] dog4  ,! new 
view is1 t in/9cts arise f v>iations 9 !
 g]m-plasm4 ,! union ( ! g]m elem5ts (  
two individuals causes x to v>y m or    
less f ei!r p>5t4 ,^! v>iations w be    
favorable & unfavorable4 ,! unfavorable 
ones w produce (fspr+ h&icapp$ 9 !      
/ruggle = life & !y w disappe>4 ,!      
favorable v>iations w produce desc5dants
 possess+ advantages = survival & leave 
num]\s (fspr+4  ,x is n easy to accept  
?is view1 b ,i ?9k !re are "s facts t   
support x4 ,i w advance a few4 ,! hive (
 ! honey-bee conta9s ?ree k9ds (        
insects3 ! que51 ! drones or males1 & ! 
work]s4 ,! que5 makes h] nuptial flight 
b once 9 a life-"t1 & does x f in/9ct4  
,h[ c an in/9ct l ?is h be5 acquir$ by  
be+ p]=m$ b once8 ,! drones are d]iv$ f 
unf]tiliz$ eggs2 yet _! in/9cts are ^? (

 ! male1 n ( ! female4 ,z !y h no male  
ance/ors1 x seems probable !re 0 9 !    
g]m-plasm ( "s que5 bee1 at a "t f>     
back1 "s *ange :i* all[$ unf]tiliz$ eggs
 to produce males4  ,! work]s are all   
females1 n fully develop$ sexually on   
acc\nt ( a diet ) too small a proportion
 ( nitrog5\s food & conta9+ s l>ge a    
proportion ( ! hydroc>bons4 ,!y inh]it f
 ! "m1 or r f ! g]m-plasm1 ! in/9ct to  
ga!r honey1 yet nei!r _! male nor female
 ance/ors ev] ga!r$ any honey 9 _!      
lives1 nor h !y = ages4 ,f> back 9      
antiquity ! que51 no d\bt1 did ga!r     
honey1 b ! disuse ( ?is in/9ct has n    
caus$ x to disappe> 9 ! work+ bee1 z x  
%\ld h done accord+ to ! ,lam>ckian !ory
 ( disuse caus+ decay ( function4 ,is   
!re any way to acc\nt = ?is1 except on !
 !ory t ! g]m-plasm produces work+ bees 
z well z ! o!r k9ds1 irrespective ( !   
habits ( ! que58 ,h] "* 9 ?is respect is
 fix$ & does n *ange4 ,is x unreasonable
 to ?9k t "s "t 9 ! pa/1 9 "s que5 bee1 
0 =m$ a g]m-plasm capable ( produc+ ?ree

 v>ieties1 & t !re 0 su* an advantage 9 
x = survival1 t x has be5 cont9u$ ev]   
s9ce by natural selection8 ,que5s n able
 to d ?is h n be5 select$1 left no      
(fspr+1 & ?us ! p]fection ( ! /ock has  
be5 assur$4  ,"o m case4 ,"s ye>s ago1  
:5 int]e/$ 9 agricultural entomology1 ,i
 made a /udy ( ! s-call$ sev5te5-ye>    
locu/4 ,not+ ! wond]ful precision ) :i* 
! female cuts into a s(t twig ( a tree &
 lays its eggs 9 two r[s1 ! ?\ght 0     
sugge/$ to me1 h[ c an in/9ct1 us$ only 
a few h\rs1 once 9 sev5te5 ye>s1 be     
acquir$ by ex]cise & p]si/ 9 ! (fspr+   
sev5te5 ye>s lat]8 ,weismann's !ory ( ! 
orig9 ( in/9ct f favorable v>iations 9 !
 g]m-plasm (f]s1 x seems to me1 a       
rational explanation4  ,i d n ne$ to    
ext5d illu/rations :i* ab\nd 9 ! insect 
_w1 especially among ! ants1 :i* furni% 
cases ( coadaptation t _c be transmitt$1
 z !y d n propagate1 s ,i w n m5tion !m 
"h4  ,n[1 if acquir$ *>act]s are n      
transmitt$ to (fspr+1 h[ %\ld ^! facts  
affect our me?ods ( educat+ *ildr58  ,"o

 advantage w be evid5t1 ,i ?9k1 to all4 
,errone\s sy/ems ( tra9+1 :i* d n injure
 ! heal?1 w n appe> ?r\gh h]$ity 9 !    
(fspr+ ( p>5ts ?us wrongly tra9$1 except
 z a result ( environm5t4 ,t is to say1 
! injury does n become cong5ital--w n be
 9 ! blood--&1 consequ5tly1 x w be less 
difficult to eradicate x & to introduce 
bett] sy/ems4 ,?is may be consid]$ an   
advantage4 ,b x is n all4 ,if h]$ity    
takes place only ?r\gh ! g]m-plasm1 !n x
 seems to me t :atev] promotes a k ( h[ 
to ma9ta9 x 9 a high degree ( heal?1 &  
h[ to favor m p]fectly natural          
selection1 are subjects ) :i* our       
educators may busy !mselves f> m ?an !y 
d4 ,t is to say1 ! /udy ( biology1 (    
life--( ! laws ( human gr[? &           
developm5t1 & ( evolution1 w become1 m &
 m1 important factors 9 our s*ool       
curriculum4 ,we c h>dly imag9e h[ mu*   
our common e-day life has be5 aid$ by   
ev5 ! slight k ( ma!matics ga9$ by an   
acqua9tance ) addition1 subtraction1    
multiplication & division4 ,by x we are 

able to keep our little acc\nts         
correctly1 & nei!r *eat our cr$itors nor
 be *eat$ by !m4 ,c\ld we n by a k ( !  
laws ( evolution1 & also ! laws ( gr[? &
 developm5t1 keep our l>g] acc\nt )     
nature 9 a f> bett] condition8 ,c\ld we 
n keep ourselves f be+ *eat$ out ( our  
heal? & happ9ess1 & also d some?+ to put
 an end to physical1 intellectual &     
moral det]ioration :i* ?reat5s s _m     
families & ev5 races8 ,x seems to me t !
 "t is n f> di/ant :5 ^! /udies w be q z
 mu* att5d$ to z ! n unimportant ones ( 
ari?metic & gramm>4   ,,k ,,(           
,,h]$ity4--,:atev] doctr9e ( h]$ity     
prevails1 h[ev]1 "o ?+ is c]ta91 "s k ( 
! subject w be v useful to ^? :o h 9 c>e
 ! tra9+ ( *ildr54 ,to !m1 (t5 m ?an to 
! p>5t1 is entru/$ ! task ( develop+ !  
"* & ! individuality ( ! *ild4 ,c he d  
?is well if he kn[s no?+ ( :at ! b5t ( !
 *ild's g5ius f ance/ral influ5ce is8 ,i
 d\bt v mu* if any ( u realize h[       
important x is t ?is individuality %\ld 
h its prop] %>e ( att5tion4 ,z !        

evolution ( society goes on1 m & m mu/  
!re be diff]5tiation ( our v>i\s        
activities4 ,if e boy & e girl c be     
educat$ s t to a consid]able ext5t !y c 
foll[ ! b5t ( _! g5ius1 :5ev] t b5t is a
 normal "o1 w n ! available intellectual
 & moral en]gy ( society be consid]ably 
augm5t$8 ,if y educate a boy :i* nature 
int5d$ = a blacksmi? = a prea*]1 has n !
 _w lo/ some?+8 ,educate ano!r = a      
blacksmi? :o %\ld h be5 a prea*]1 is !re
 n also a great loss8 ,!re are a few    
*ildr5 :o w come out all "r1 no matt] h[
 mu* !y are s*ool$1 or :e!r !y h any    
s*ool+1 s well h !y be5 born1 b ) !     
majority ?is is n ! case4 ,n[ x seems to
 me t ! tea*] :o kn[s ! natures ( 8     
pupils1 & some?+ ( _! ance/ors'1 c      
direct _! en]gies m satisfactorily ?an !
 "o :o does n4 ,if !re are h]$it>y      
defects ( intellect or morals1 he c m   
easily correct !m4 ,if !re are ance/ral 
t5d5cies to disease ?r\gh imp]fections (
 c]ta9 organs1 = in/ance1 ! lungs or !  
bra91 he c (t5 put ! *ild on su* a c\rse

 ( physical culture or m5tal tra9+ z to 
lift x above dang]1 s t x may g ?r\gh   
life a useful p]son in/ead ( a feeble "o
 or a lunatic4 ,ev5 ! t5d5cy to crime   
might be av]t$4   ,,individuality4--,if 
we c\ld educate ! "y s z to br+ out m   
fully _! normal individualities we %\ld 
be able to cultivate 9 !m m indep5d5ce (
 "*4 ,on ?is subject ,pr(4 ,mills says3 
,) all its imp]fections1 ,i am b\nd to  
say t ! individuality ( ! pupils 9 ! old
 log s*ool-h\se 0 (t5 m develop$ ?an 9 !
 city public s*ools ( today1 :]e = a boy
 to be himself frequ5tly br+s ) x !     
ridicule ( 8 fell[s--a condition ( ?+s t
 has its effect aft]w>d on ! lad at     
college4 ,i f9d t ?is fe> ( be+ consid]$
 odd1--out ( h>mony ) :at o!rs may      
?9k1--"o ( ! greate/ drawbacks to !     
developm5t ( indep5d5t inve/igat+ /ud5ts
 at college4 ,! case is /ill worse =    
girls4 ,:5 wom5 beg9 to be really       
indep5d5t 9 ?\ght1 9 feel+1 9 action1 ,i
 %all be m hopeful ( ! progress (       
mank9d4 ,happily1 ! dawn ( ?is day is   

already begun4  ,we mu/ n =get t !re is 
also a spectre ( h]$ity4 ,x is se5 "u   
diff]5t =ms4 ,! physician is (t5 rem9d$ 
by 8 pati5ts t !y h inh]it$ ?is or t    
disease f fa!r or "m1 or an ance/or f>!r
 back4 ,n[1 !re are few diseases :i*    
come to u directly ?r\gh inh]itance4 ,9 
a majority ( cases !y are n transmitt$4 
,ev5 consumption is n4 ,if we accept !  
mod]n !ory ( its orig91 z we mu/1 ?is   
plague is ! result ( g]ms float+ 9 ! air
 be+ introduc$ into our bodies by       
respiration1 or 9 food1 or ?r\gh contact
 ) abraid$ ,surfaces4 ,^? ) weak5$      
con/itutions are m liable to x ?an !    
/rong1 & a weak5$ con/itution may be    
inh]it$1 = 9 ?is case ! g]m-plasm w n be
 well n\ri%$ & w suff]2 b ^? ?us        
h&icapp$ 9 ! race ( life w get on f>    
bett] by end[+ !mselves ) k & obey+ !   
laws ( life ?an !y c by liv+ "u ! %ad[ (
 ! great spectre ( h]$ity1 & ca/+       
ana!mas at _! ance/ors = n hav+ done m =
 !m4 ,no d\bt mo/ ( !m h done ! be/ !y  
c\ld2 & if life is wor? liv+1 z mo/ ( u 

believe1 we owe !m _m ?anks = hav+      
br\ght u into ! _w4   ,,! ,,spectre ,,( 
,,h]$ity4--,!re is a spectre ( h]$ity ( 
a m s]i\s nature4 ,x is ! _s ( ! dead   
pa/1 ) its mighty h& on society1 on     
in/itutions1 on modes ( life4 ,w5dell   
,phillips us$ to tell a /ory1 9 8       
anti-slav]y addresses1 :i* illu/rates ! 
evil effect ( ?is inh]it$ spectre4 ,x   
ran 9 ?is wise4 ,9 an ,ea/]n temple1 an 
idol1 9 ! image ( a god1 /ood calmly on 
its p$e/al4 ,x 0 sacrilege to t\* x )   
human h&s2 b rats hav+ no su* feel+s (  
awe 9 ! pres5ce ( a deity1 began to gnaw
 ab\t x 9 v>i\s places1 yet no "o 0 bold
 en\gh to remove x to a place ( safety2 
& s ! rats gnaw$ on & on1 & built _!    
ne/s )9 ! sacr$ image4 ,9 "t !y loos5$ x
 f its firm f\ndation1 & "o morn+1 :5 ! 
wor%ipp]s came 9 to pay _! devotions1 !y
 f\nd _! god _h fall5 pro/rate on !     
floor4 ,s x is sometimes ) our inh]it$  
beliefs4 ,!y hold u back f progress l a 
heavy weight4 ,we fe> to remove !m1 = !y
 are sacr$ inh]itances1 idols1 gods1 & s

 our in/itutions decay1 p]i%4           
,,footnotes3  #ajf3;,a ,d>w9 did n reg>d
 ?is exp]im5t z settl+ ?is "q4 ,he _h   
great affection1 s to speak1 = ?is poor1
 despis$ !ory1 & believ$ x w\ld f9ally  
be e/abli%$ z 9 ! ma9 true4             
,,evolution',s ,,hopeful ,,promise ,,=  
,a ,,heal?i] ,,race4  ,giv5 be=e !      
,gre5acre ,conf]5ce ( ,evolutioni/s4    
,we h mo/ ( u 9 ! pa/ look$ ^u heal? z a
 matt] ( inh]itance1 or temp]ance &     
mod]ation 9 work+1 9 eat+ & dr9k+2 or z 
dep5d+ on climate2 or ex]cise1 or pl5ty 
( sleep1 pure wat] & a morn+ ba?1 or "s 
o!r secret1 "o or m ( :i* is pretty sure
 to be 9 ! possession ( mo/ p]sons :o h 
liv$ long en\gh to h _h "s exp]i5ce ) ^?
 ?+s t d !m good or h>m4 ,all ^! ag5cies
 h great value2 b ,i ?9k few ( u realize
 t nature1 ?r\gh ! laws ( evolution1 has
 long be5 work+ to produce a brave &    
/rong1 heal?y & h>dy race ( m5 & wom5 by
 o!r me?ods ?an ^? heal? habits :i* mo/ 
( u value s highly4  ,nature has be5 do+
 ?is *iefly by two me?ods1 & x seems    

necess>y t ,i %\ld say some?+ ab\t !m 9 
ord] to pres5t my subject z ,i wi% to   
pres5t x4 ,! me?ods to :i* ,i ref] are  
^? ( sexual & natural selection4 ,x is  
to ^! two processes t we are l>gely     
indebt$ = race improvem5ts--m p]fect    
bodies1 m active bra9s1 & ! high degree 
( heal? :i* a consid]able portion ( !   
race enjoys4   ,,sexual                 
,,selection4--,by sexual selection is   
meant t pref]5ce :i* ! male or ! female 
has = c]ta9 *>act]i/ics ( ! o!r sex4 ,x 
also includes ! advantages :i* ! /rong] 
& m capable male has ov] ! weak] "o 9   
obta9+ a *oice1 or1 among polygam\s     
animals1 a l>g] numb] ( females1 ?us    
all[+ (fspr+ to be g5]at$ by ! mo/      
capable1 & prev5t+ ! mo/ incapable f    
procur+ mates4  ,! fir/ pr9ciple (      
sexual selection1 t ( pref]5ce1 w\ld    
imply a consid]able developm5t ( !      
intellect1 & "s ta/e1 b ,i d n ?9k x has
 _h great influ5ce on ! l[] =ms ( life4 
,x is difficult to /udy ! pref]5ces (   
insects1 = in/ance2 b ,i h /udi$ ! mo? (

 ! silkworm1 & c\ld nev] obs]ve t ei!r  
male or female _h a *oice = any p>ticul>
 mate4 ,!y always appe> to take ! fir/  
"o t comes along4 ,i ?9k ?is is !       
conclusion come to by ^? entomologi/s :o
 h _h opportunities = /udy+ o!r insects4
 ,! spid] might p]haps be /udi$ 9 ?is   
relation to advantage1 z ! female is    
f]oci\s1 (t5 eat+ h] male suitors :ile  
!y are try+ to woo h]4 ,nor d ,i believe
 t x is a v important matt] 9 _m o!r    
animals4 ,c]ta9ly among ! dome/ic       
ones--! %eep1 ! horse1 ! bull & ! c[--a 
sup]ior male & female w mate ) inf]ior  
ones ( ! opposite sex1 app>5tly )\t !   
slighte/ objection4 ,i h sometimes ?\ght
 ,i _h obs]v$ 9 pigeons a pref]5ce1 hav+
 occasionally se5 a male leave 8 mate = 
a m attractive female2 at lea/ "o t     
seem$ m attractive to me4  ,:5 x comes  
to sexual selection ?r\gh /ruggle1 no   
d\bt !re has be5 great advantage1 & x   
has produc$ important effects4 ,?is     
occurs among polygam\s & also among     
non-polygam\s animals1 & ! /rong males  

are c]ta9 to secure ! l>ge/ numb] (     
females &1 consequ5tly1 leave ! l>ge/   
numb] ( (fspr+4 ,?is w\ld1 no d\bt1     
?r\gh ! laws ( inh]itance1 be b5eficial 
9 produc+ animals ( great] vigor & m    
p]fect heal?4 ,b ev5 9 ?is case1 ! males
 seem to h little pref]5ce = any        
p>ticul> female2 & s :ile ! lea/ vigor\s
 ones w\ld leave few1 & _m no (fspr+1 ! 
lea/ vigor\s females w\ld leave ne>ly z 
_m z ! m vigor\s ones4 ,/ill1 ?r\gh     
pure-blood$ males alone1 /ockbre$]s tell
 u1 h]ds ( cattle c be br\ght up to a   
high degree ( p]fection 9 ?ree or f\r   
g5]ations1 ev5 if ! females1 at ! beg9n+
 ( ! exp]im5t1 are inf]ior4 ,! fir/     
g5]ation w\ld be half pure blood2 !     
second ?ree-f\r?s2 ! ?ird1 sev5-eigh?s1 
& ! f\r? fifte5-sixte5?s1 or almo/      
?or\ghbr$4  ,:5 x comes to man1 h[ev]1 !
 case is diff]5t4 ,) him sexual         
selection is m important1 & ! pref]5ce  
%[n by bo? sexes is v m>k$4 ,_m wom5 h  
/rong prejudices aga9/ m>ry+ m5 ) c]ta9 
*>act]i/ics1 & no?+ w induce !m to su* a

 union4 ,s /rong are ! desires _m ( !m h
 = mates ) p>ticul> qualities1 t !y     
pref] to rema9 s+le r ?an m>ry "o n     
possess+ ^! qualities4 ,?r\gh ?is       
pref]5ce1 on ! :ole1 ! bett] & ^? mo/   
adapt$ mate ) ^? mo/ suit$ to !m1 & a   
consid]ably l>g] class ( physically &   
m5tally inf]ior ones d n mate at all1   
or1 if !y d1 leave few (fspr+4 ,! idiot 
w\ld /& no *ance ( secur+ a mate1       
al?\gh1 if left free1 he w\ld unite )   
ano!r idiot1 l an animal4 ,su* ?+s h    
happ5$1 & ! (fspr+ 7 n idiots1 z might h
 be5 expect$2 b !y 7 n sup]ior be+s4 ,! 
mo/ de=m$ 9 body w\ld1 9 mo/ cases1     
unless !y _h m5tal traits ( a high ord] 
to c\nt]balance !m1 r>ely f9d mates4    
,?us1 ?r\gh ?is ag5cy1 "s ( ! poore/    
specim5s ( bo? sexes d n produce (fspr+1
 & ?is raises ! /&>d ( ! heal? & ability
 ( ! race4  ,!re are _m *>act]s :i* h   
come into exi/5ce1 x is believ$1 ?r\gh  
sexual selection4 ,"o is beauty 9 wom51 
great] beauty ( =m1 ( hair1 ( eyes1 (   
grace1 fidelity1 *a/ity1 p[] ( love1    

etc4 ,^! all give pleasure to ! opposite
 sex1 & h an elem5t ( usefulness 9 !m4  
,:5ev] ^! *>act]s h appe>$ 9 wom5 !y h  
giv5 ! possessors a bett] *ance to f9d a
 p>tn] ) sup]ior *>act]s4 ,! same is    
true ( m54 ,woman be+ deb>r$ f ! h>de/  
labor ?r\gh mat]nity has f\nd x useful1 
ev5 9 e>ly times1 to *oose m5 :o 7      
/rong1 brave1 c\rage\s & capable (      
def5d+ & c>+ = h]1 s f> z 0 possible1 & 
?us by sexual selection %e has          
indirectly promot$ heal? & vigor 9 man1 
= ^! qualities are insep>able f x4  ,b !
 results ( sexual selection are by no   
means p]fect4 ,! sexes are ne>ly equally
 divid$1 & z polygamy is n to any great 
ext5t practic$ among human be+s1 ) !    
exception ( ^? already nam$1 mo/ m5 &   
wom5 c f9d mates if !y wi%1 ev5 ?\gh !y 
may h _m s]i\s imp]fections ( body &    
m9d1 & f !m _m *ildr5 w be born         
physically & m5tally incompet5t4  ,!re  
is no d\bt t sexual selection is com+ m 
& m into play1 h[ev]4 ,we h abundant    
evid5ce ( ?is 9 ! gr[+ s5tim5t aga9/ !  

m>riage ( ^? ) a t5d5cy to any s]i\s    
disease1 z insanity1 syphilis1 etc4     
,only a little :ile ago 0 publi%$ an    
acc\nt ( a suit = a brea* ( promise     
br\ght by a "y woman 9 an ,engli% c\rt  
aga9/ h] suitor4 ,he1 hav+ 9 view !     
value ( a heal?y wife1 & also ( *ildr5  
well end[$ physically1 ask$ h] be=e !   
engagem5t if any ( h] ne> relatives _h  
di$ ( consumption1 & %e repli$ t none   
_h1 :i* he aft]w>ds f\nd 0 n true4 ,on  
le>n+ ( x he refus$ to m>ry h]4 ,i am   
sorry to say t %e won h] suit4 ,"o ( !  
que/ions ask$ 9 c\rt 03 ,is x possible t
 a lov] w\ld ask su* que/ions ( 8       
swee!>t z w\ld be ask$ ( a c&idate =    
life insurance8  ,c\rt%ip is su* a      
delightful occupation = ! "y1 t x seems 
a pity to m> x by br++ 9 que/ions (     
heal?4 ,yet m5 & wom5 are (t5 su*       
deceiv]s1 & frequ5tly s ignorant1 t "s  
way mu/ be devis$ to prev5t deception if
 sexual selection is ev] expect$ to h   
its full influ5ce on race improvem5t4   
,,human ,,selection4--,"u ! head ( human

 selection ,galton & ,wallace h made "s 
int]e/+ & valuable sugge/ions = improv+ 
! heal? & quality ( man4 ,mr4 ,galton   
propos$ a sy/em ( m>ks = family heal?1  
intellect & morals1 & ^? memb]s (       
families hav+ ! highe/ numb] 7 to be    
enc\rag$ to m>ry e>ly by /ate end[m5ts  
suffici5t to enable !m to make a good   
/>t 9 life1 e>ly m>riages be+ favorable 
to l>ge families4 ,x 0 a bold sugge/ion1
 savor+ too /rongly ( socialism or /ate 
control ( m>riage to suit _m ( u4       
,pr(essor ,wallace's plan is t wom5     
%all1 s f> z possible1 be made          
indep5d5t1 s t !y w n feel ! necessity (
 m>ry+ = a home4 ,h] "t might be occupi$
 ei!r 9 public duties or self-culture1  
or any occupation %e might pref]4 ,%e   
%\ld be educat$ to believe x degrad+ to 
m>ry = a home1 )\t love & adaptation1 & 
equally wrong to m>ry h] inf]ior4 ,?is  
w\ld compel m5 to be m manly1 to leave  
(f _! bad habits & _m vices1 9 ord] to  
obta9 wives2 & ! idle1 selfi%1 sickly & 
de=m$ w\ld n easily get !m4 ,"o         

difficulty 9 ! way ( c>ry+ out ?is plan 
is ! great] numb] ( wom5 9 society z x  
exi/s today1 ow+ to ! l>g] mortality    
among boys4 ,b by a bett] hygi5e :i* is 
likely to result f ! evolution ( ! race1
 ?is great] mortality ( ! mascul9e sex  
is c]ta9 9 ! future to be prev5t$1 & !re
 w !n be an excess ( m5 in/ead ( wom54  
,?is w be a real advantage1 = a sc>city 
( wom5 w\ld give h] a great] influ5ce 9 
selection1 & ! result w\ld be1 ! wor/ m5
 w\ld n be able to get wives4  ,be+ 9 a 
m9ority1 wom5 w\ld be held 9 high]      
e/eem1 be m s\ght =1 & h a real *oice 9 
m>riage by be+ able to reject           
unsatisfactory suitors1 :i* is c]ta9ly n
 ! case n[ to any consid]able ext5t4    
,mr4 ,wallace's plan w\ld n require su* 
e>ly m>riages z t ( ,mr4 ,galton's1 &   
?is w\ld be a positive b5efit to !      
physical vigor ( ! *ildr51 = we "k t !  
prog5y ( too e>ly m>riages are m        
delicate1 & reproduction be=e bodily    
maturity l[]s ! /&>d ( heal? 9 p>5ts z  
well z ( _! (fspr+4 ,m>riage be+ delay$1

 & ! culture ( ! m9d be+ m att5d$ to ?an
 is possible :5 x is e>ly1 w\ld r$uce ! 
numb] ( *ildr5 9 any family1 & ?is w\ld 
enable p>5ts to be/[ m c>e ^u !m4 ,x    
w\ld also prev5t1 to a limit$ ext5t1    
ov]-multiplication ( ! race1 :i* is a   
real evil1 = if e c\ple left ?ree or f\r
 *ildr5 ! :ole _w w\ld soon be full1 &  
ov]-population w\ld result 9 mu*        
disease4  ,mr4 ,wallace's s*eme has 9   
view ! prev5tion ( m>riage by ! weak &  
wor?less4 ,he believes t if ?is c be    
done little m w be requir$1 = ! sup]ior 
w\ld be ! only ones to procreate1 & ?is 
w\ld be q suffici5t 9 a few g5]ations to
 produce a /rong & heal?y race4 ,he     
calls 8 plan t ( human selection1 b x   
may be consid]$ practically z a         
modification ( sexual selection4        
,,natural ,,selection4--,natural        
selection is ano!r process :i* takes    
place on an enorm\s scale & con/antly   
among all organisms1 :e!r animal or     
vegetable4 ,natural selection is !      
result ( ! op]ation ( c]ta9 laws 9 !    

natural _w :i* br+s ab\t ! survival ( ^?
 be/ fitt$ = _! environm5t4 ,x is a     
we$+-out sy/em by ! de/ruction ( a c]ta9
 portion1 at lea/1 if n all1 ( ! weak & 
! bad1 & x occurs because !re is su* a  
rapid increase ( mo/ organisms4 ,we     
speak ( x z ! survival ( ! fitte/1 b x  
is also1 at ! same "t1 ! de/ruction ( ! 
unfit4  ,mr4 ,d>w9 says3 ,we h se5 t man
 is v>iable 9 body & m9d1 & t !         
v>iations are induc$ ei!r directly or   
indirectly by ! same g5]al causes1 &    
obey ! same g5]al laws z ) ! l[]        
animals4 ,man has spread widely ov] !   
face ( ! e>?1 & mu/ h be5 expos$ dur+ 8 
incessant migrations to ! mo/ div]sifi$ 
conditions4 ,!y mu/ h pass$ ?r\gh _m    
climates & *ang$ _! habits _m times be=e
 !y rea*$ _! pres5t homes4 ,!y mu/ h be5
 expos$ to a /ruggle = exi/5ce &1       
consequ5tly1 to ! rigid law ( natural   
selection4 ,b5eficial v>iations ( all   
k9ds h be5 pres]v$ & injuri\s ones      
elim9at$4 ,if1 !n1 ! prog5itors ( man1  
inhabit+ any di/rict1 especially "o     

und]go+ "s *ang$ conditions1 7 divid$   
into two equal bodies1 ! "o-half includ+
 ^? ) ! be/ adapt$ p[]s = movem5t1 =    
ga9+ a subsi/5ce1 = self-def5ce1 w\ld1  
on ! av]age1 h m (fspr+ ?an ! o!r & !   
less well end[$ half4  ,we may h a good 
object lesson 9 ! elim9ation ( ! unfit  
go+ on ab\t u con/antly4 ,9 ,new ,york  
,city1 = #ahia1 ! dea?s ( *ildr5 "u five
 ye>s ( age 0 #ah1aab2 = #ahib x 0      
#ag1egg1 or slightly less4 ,?is is m ?an
 "o-?ird1 b n q "o-half1 ( ! total dea?s
 at all ages = ^! ye>s4 ,a v l>ge       
proportion ( ^! dea?s occurr$ 9 ! t5em5t
 h\se di/ricts1 & a v natural "q arises 
9 ! m9d3 ,are ! *ildr5 ( ^? :o live 9   
t5em5t h\ses m unfit to survive ?an ^?  
:o live 9 h\ses 9 :i* only "o family    
dwells4 ,no d\bt 9 mo/ cases ! *ildr5 ( 
^? are mo/ fit :o are mo/ able to       
provide !m ) hygi5ic surr\nd+s1 ! bett] 
food & mo/ suitable c>e2 su* are usually
 ! prud5t & ! capable4 ,! love ( *ildr5 
is usually /rong] 9 !m4 ,! intellig5t   
affection ( p>5ts = _! "y is "o ( !     

inc5tives to _! be/ tra9+4 ,x c]ta9ly is
 n ne>ly s /rong among ! resid5ts ( !   
cr[d$ qu>t]s ( a city z among ! m       
prosp]\s4 ,any "o may obs]ve ?is by go+ 
) a company ( mo!rs on ! excursions ( "s
 fre% air society1 :i* may be se5 9 mo/ 
cities4 ,x is h>d to f9d "o ( ^! mo!rs  
:o %[s :at we may call intellig5t       
affection or intellig5t c>e ( h] "y4 ,"s
 pa!tic in/ances illu/rat+ ?is might be 
m5tion$4  ,:5 x comes to ! "q ( _!      
physical or m5tal inf]iority1 a cursory 
inspection is all t is requir$ to %[ !y 
are f> bel[ ! av]age4 ,!re is a great   
want ( symmetry ( body & m9d--evid5ce ( 
deg5]ation4 ,9 ord] to te/ ! /r5g? (    
con/itution1 :i* is a good way to get at
 "o =m ( physical fitness = survival1 x 
seems to me1 ,i made a /udy ( ! blood ( 
a consid]able numb] ( ^! *ildr5 & f\nd !
 am\nt ( protoplasm 9 ! colorless blood 
corpuscles defici5t4 ,?is %[s t _! p[]  
to resi/ disease is slight4 ,x mu/ be   
borne 9 m9d1 h[ev]1 t a /rong           
con/itution alone is n evid5ce ( fitness

 = survival4 ,a /rong p]son may n h     
prud5ce1 =esight1 ke5ness ( p]ception1  
judgm5t1 & _m o!r qualities equally     
important4 ,! *>act]s j m5tion$ may     
con/itute fitness :5 !re is only a      
mod]ately vigor\s body4 ,mr4 ,d>w9      
recogniz$ ?is :5 he said3 ,we %\ld be> 9
 m9d t an animal possess+ great size1   
/r5g? & f]ocity1 & :i*1 l ! gorilla1    
c\ld def5d itself f all enemies w\ld n1 
p]haps1 h become suffici5tly social1 &  
?is w\ld effectually h *eck$ !          
acquirem5t ( ! high] m5tal qualities1   
su* z ! sympa?y & love ( 8 fell[s4      
,h5ce1 x might h be5 ( imm5se advantage 
to m5 to h sprung f "s comp>atively weak
 b social creature4  ,fitness is a      
complicat$ condition & n a simple "o4 ,x
 dep5ds ^u s _m ext]nal conditions4     
,fitness 9 "o place w\ld be unfitness 9 
ano!r4 ,/ill1 o!r ?+s be+ equal1 /r5g? (
 con/itution is a v important factor1 & 
mu/ n be left out ( consid]ation4 ,) x  
!re is a surplus ( mat]ial 9 ! body     
beyond :at is requir$ = dige/ion1       

assimilation1 circulation & o!r bodily  
functions1 to enable ! p>5ts n only to d
 h>d labor1 b also to end[ _! (fspr+ )  
vigor equal to _! own1 (t5 great] vigor4
 ,! feeble individuals w h a small am\nt
 ( /or$ up mat]ial 9 _! bodies :i* we   
may designate z physiological capital to
 give cont9u\s food1 w>m? & protection  
to _! "y2 !y w n be s well adju/$ to _! 
environm5t1 &1 consequ5tly1 natural     
selection w cause _! non-survival--or _!
 (fspr+1 if n imm$iately1 at no di/ant  
p]iod4  ,?is doctr9e ( natural selection
 has be5 designat$ z cruel1 h>%1        
inexorable1 & "u ! influ5ce ( ! human   
feel+ e ef=t is 9 our "t be+ made to    
prev5t ?is :olesome *eck ^u ! processes 
( nature f hav+ its due influ5ce ^u     
evolution & race progress4 ,mod]n hygi5e
 und]takes to put an end to disease1 to 
save all :o are born1 to surr\nd !m ) e 
influ5ce :i* c favor _! heal? &         
developm5t4 ,x w\ld /amp out diph!ria1  
sc>let fev]1 summ] compla9t1 consumption
 & a ho/ ( o!r diseases :i* n[ decimate 

! ranks ( ! unfit1 & (t51 no d\bt1 ( !  
comp>atively fit4 ,?is w\ld p]petuate a 
type ( feeble1 unheal?y p]sons4 ,!re    
w\ld n be mu* hope ( m p]fect heal? = ! 
race if our hygi5i/s c\ld c>ry out ?is  
d>+ s*eme along ! l9es n[ work+4 ,!re   
seems an antagonism betwe5 nature's     
me?ods ( bett]+ ! physical condition ( !
 race & ! ef=ts ( man himself1 act+ "u !
 guidance ( 8 moral feel+s1 to prev5t ! 
action ( natural law4 ,mr4 ,d>w9        
recogniz$ ?is1 & ref]r$ to x 9 8 great  
"w1 ,! ,desc5t ( ,man1 :]e he says3 ,)  
savages1 ! weak 9 body & m9d are soon   
elim9at$1 & ^? t survive commonly       
exhibit a vigor\s /ate ( heal?4 ,we     
civiliz$ m51 on ! o!r h&1 d our utmo/ to
 *eck ! process ( elim9ation4 ,we build 
asylums = ! imbeciles1 ! maim$ & ! sick2
 we in/itute poor laws2 & our m$ical m5 
ex]t _! utmo/ skill to save ! life ( e  
"o to ! la/ mom5t4  ,!re is1 says he1   
reason to believe t vacc9ation has      
pres]v$ ?\s&s :o f a weak con/itution   
w\ld h succumb$ to smallpox4 ,?us ! weak

 memb]s ( civiliz$ communities propagate
 _! k9d4 ,no "o :o has att5d$ to ! bre$+
 ( dome/ic animals w d\bt b ?is mu/ be  
highly injuri\s to ! human race4        
,except+ 9 ! case ( man himself h>dly   
any "o is s ignorant z to all[ 8 wor/   
animals to bre$4  ,o!r evolutioni/s1 9 m
 rec5t times1 h tak5 a /ill m somb] view
 ( ?is dang] ( race det]ioration ?r\gh !
 prev5tion ( ! full action ( ! law (    
natural selection4  ,dr4 ,john ,b]ry    
,haycraft1 9 a rec5t "w entitl$ ,d>w9ism
 & ,race ,progress1 has s\nd$ ! al>m 9  
no unc]ta9 tones4 ,he says3 ,races1     
!re=e1 subject to epidemics ( a p>ticul>
 fev]1 suff] selections 9 ! h&s ( !     
microbes ( t fev]1 & ^? liv+ are        
survivals1 ca/ 9 ! mo/ resi/+ m\ld4 ,x  
may n be flatt]+ to our national vanity 
to look ^u ourselves z ! product ( !    
selection ( ! micro-organism ( measles1 
sc>let fev]1 smallpox1 etc42 b !        
reasonabl5ess ( ! conclusion seems to be
 =c$ ^u u :5 we consid] 8 immunity f ^! 
diseases z comp>$ ) ! natives ( !       

int]ior ( ,africa1 or ! wilds ( ,am]ica1
 ^: races h nev] be5 s select$1 & :o1 :5
 attack$ = ! fir/ "t by ^! diseases1 are
 ravag$ almo/ to ext9ction4 ,by         
ext]m9at+ ^! diseases we %all no d\bt   
pres]ve c\ntless lives to ! community :o
 w1 9 _! turn1 become race produc]s2 b 9
 z mu* z ! individuals ?us pres]v$ w1 9 
mo/ cases1 belong to ! feebl] & less    
resi/+ ( ! community1 ! race w n become 
m robu/4  ,! same au?or concludes 9 ^!  
words3 ,9 ! meantime we may view1 & n   
)\t inquietude1 ! probability t our     
/ati/ics1 z f> z !y g1 indicate t race  
det]ioration has already begun z a      
consequ5ce ( t c>e = ! individual :i*   
has *>act]iz$ ! ef=ts ( mod]n society4  
,! biologi/1 f q ano!r gr\p ( facts1 has
 indep5d5tly arriv$ at conclusions :i*  
r5d] ?is view 9 ! highe/ degree         
probable4  ,?us1 ! great ,engli% race1  
once s h>dy1 s p[]ful1 says ?is mod]n   
writ]1 by hygi5e & bett] physical       
conditions1 is becom+ weak] & weak]4    
,?is view ( ! case is gr[+ l>gely 9     

,engl& &1 p]haps1 o!r ,european         
c\ntries4 ,!re is already "s evid5ce (  
its tru?fulness 9 /ati/ics4 ,! dea? rate
 = ^? 9 middle life is r increas+ ?an   
dim9i%+4 ,?is arises f ! fact t ! great 
numb] ( *ildr5 :o =m]ly di$ 9 infancy h 
liv$1 b be+ ( m feeble con/itutions1 !y 
swell ! dea? rate lat] on4 ,x is felt1  
also1 9 _m educational in/itutions 9 !  
l>g] numb] ( y\?s :o _c /& ! /ra9 &     
/ress ( /ud5t life4 ,!y are1 high m$ical
 au?ority says1 ! y\? sav$ f e>ly dea?  
by mod]n hygi5ic & m$ical c>e4 ,=m]ly1  
natural selection w\ld h *os5 !m z unfit
 to survive1 & !re w\ld h rema9$ alive  
few besides ! h>dy ones ) good          
con/itutions1 capable ( great /ra91 )   
great p[]s ( endurance4  ,x is also %[n 
9 ! /ress ( mod]n competition1 9 :i* !re
 are multitudes :o _c /& ?is /ra94 ,x is
 f ^!1 9 "s degree1 t we he> ! cry =    
gov]nm5tal aid4 ,we mu/ make !          
conditions ( life easi] = !m1 say our   
social re=m]s1 or !y w become 'a subm]g$
 class4'   ,,conflict ,,betwe5          

,,evolution>y ,,!ories ,,& ,,our        
,,humane ,,s5tim5ts4--,& n[ ,i wi% to   
consid] ano!r phase ( my subject4 ,^? :o
 h foll[$ closely :at 0 said conc]n+    
natural selection w h se5 t !re appe>s  
to be a conflict betwe5 evolution>y     
!ories & ! humane s5tim5t ( ! age--a    
want ( correspond5ce betwe5 :at is be+  
done by natural law & :at man is try+ to
 d "u ! inspiration ( 8 lov+ he>t4 ,c we
 reconcile ?is want ( correspond5ce8 ,to
 "s ext5t no d\bt we c4  ,9 ! fir/      
place1 ! gr[? ( ! moral nature has      
always be5 held 9 high e/eem by e nation
 & e race4 ,our moral giants /& high] 9 
! scale ( be+ ?an our great g5]als or   
/atesm51 ev5 9 an age :5 moral culture  
is at a l[ ebb4 ,we draw our moral      
inspiration f ,buddha1 ,socrates & ,*ri/
 r ?an f ,ari/otle2 _! sci5ce may be1   
yes1 is1 faulty1 b _! _s is l(ty4  ,& ! 
moral nature is cultivat$ 9 labor+ = !  
good ( o!rs1 9 try+ to save = a bett]   
life ! poor1 ! weak1 ! di/ress$4 ,all t 
is requir$ is t we d ?is "w wisely1 n   

unwisely1 "u ! guidance ( reason1 n     
feel+s4 ,we want to prev5t ^! calamities
 r ?an cure !m4  ,ano!r satisfaction    
arises f ! fact t 9 le>n+ h[ to p]fect !
 lives ( ! feeble s t !y may live long]1
 we also le>n h[ to p]fect1 9 a /ill    
high] degree1 ! lives ( ! /rong1 or ^?  
we call ! fit1 s t !y also w n only live
 long]1 b be able to live ) mu* great]  
satisfaction ! complex lives ( our      
times4  ,! k :i* helps ! fir/ may help !
 second ev5 m ?an ! fir/1 = !y h bett]  
opportunities & c take advantage ( x4   
,we may also com=t ourselves ) ! fact t 
a majority ( ^? ) feeble con/itutions1  
^: lives h be5 = a "t snat*$ f !        
op]ation ( ! laws ( natural selection1 w
 n1 aft] all1 contribute v ext5sively to
 ! increase ( ! population4 ,great p[]s 
( g5]ation & num]\s (fspr+ r>ely g )    
physical weakness4 ,if !re are          
exceptions !y are expla9able4 ,x is1 ,i 
?9k1 pretty c]ta9 t a great majority (  
su* leave few1 (t5 no (fspr+4 ,!y f9d _!
 way into places :]e "w is light & ! pay

 small1 & !y _c af=d to m>ry & c>e =    
families1 & d n d x4  ,! law ( natural  
selection w cont9ue to "w on !m s long z
 its action is requir$1 ) little reg>d  
to ! ef=ts ( man to abrogate x4 ,nature 
works cont9u\sly = ages1 & %e works on e
 "p ( man1 e organ1 e function4 ,we may 
almo/ say %e is omnipot5t2 t %e wat*es =
 e slight improvem5t2 t %e kn[s :at to d
 "u e circum/ance4 ,foil$ 9 "o          
direction1 %e has o!r means1 inf9ite    
means1 = ga9+ h] ends4 ,man c no m put a
 /op to ! op]ation ( natural law ?an he 
c put a /op to ! fl[ ( ,niag>a4 ,he may 
turn (f a trifle ( its wat] to :irl     
:eels & sp9dles1 b ! mighty riv] fl[s on
 until nature makes "s *anges 9 !       
wat]%$s1 t make its fl[ impossible4     
,man1 on ! o!r h&1 acts on 8 own body 9 
a f9ite way4 ,he works ma9ly = imm$iate1
 n remote1 ends4 ,he *anges 8 me?ods z 8
 ne$s *ange1 or 8 k increases4 ,today he
 works ) limit$ k ( hygi5e1 inspir$ by  
old ideas ( philan?ropy4 ,tomorr[ he may
 h a va/ly ext5d$ k ( ?is subject & an  

entirely new social sci5ce :i* w enable 
him to d m good & less h>m4   ,,ideal   
,,( ,,heal?4--,let me n[ consid] "s ( ! 
?+s necess>y to give u a great] hope = !
 future ( human heal?1 ( ourselves & =  
our *ildr54  ,! fir/ ?+ necess>y is to  
get a high] ideal ( bodily or physical  
p]fection ?an we h today4 ,sir ,james   
,paget1 9 a lecture on ,national ,heal?1
 9 #ahhd1 put ?is 9 ! foll[+ words3  ,we
 want1 says he1 m ambition = heal?4 ,i  
%\ld l to see a p]sonal ambition = heal?
 z ke5 z t = brav]y1 = beauty1 or =     
success 9 our a?letic games or field    
sports4 ,i wi% !re 0 su* an ambition = !
 mo/ p]fect national heal? z !re is =   
national r5[n 9 w>1 9 art or 9 comm]ce4 
,sir ,james !n gives 8 own ideal4 ,x is 
= man or woman to be s full ( heal? z to
 be comp>atively indiff]5t to ! ext]nal 
conditions ( life1 & to make a ready    
self-adju/m5t to all its *anges4 ,he    
%\ld n be deem$ ?or\ghly heal?y :o is   
made bett] or worse1 m fit or less fit1 
by e *ange ( wea!r or food1 or :o is    

b\nd to obs]ve exact rules ( liv+4 ,x is
 good to obs]ve rules1 & to "s !y are   
absolutely necess>y2 b x is bett] to ne$
 none b ^? ( mod]ation1 &1 obs]v+ ^!1 to
 be will+ to live & "w h>d 9 ! wide/    
v>iations ( food1 air1 climate1 ba?+ &  
all o!r su/5ances ( life4   ,,adaptation
 ,,to ,,environm5t4--,?is s\nds v mu* l 
say+ t to be heal?y "o mu/ be adju/$ to 
8 environm5t2 & ?is is practically :at  
,h]b]t ,sp5c] long be=e said 9 8        
,pr9ciples ( ,biology4 ,"h are 8 words3 
,z af=d+ ! simple/ & mo/ conclusive pro(
 t ! degree ( life v>ies z ! degree (   
correspond5ce1 x rema9s to po9t out t   
p]fect correspond5ce w\ld be p]fect     
life4 ,7 !re no *anges 9 our environm5t 
b su* z ! organism _h adapt$ *anges to  
meet1 & 7 x nev] to fail 9 ! effici5cy )
 :i* x met !m1 !re w\ld be et]nal       
exi/5ce & univ]sal k4 ,dea? by natural  
decay occurs because 9 old age !        
relations betwe5 assimilation1          
oxidation1 & ! g5esis ( =ce go+ on 9 !  
body gradually fall out ( correspond5ce 

) ! relations betwe5 oxyg5 & ! food &   
absorption ( heat by ! environm5t4 ,dea?
 f disease arises ei!r :5 ! organism is 
cong5itally defective 9 its p[] to      
balance ord9>y int]nal actions1 or :5   
!re has tak5 place "s unusual ext]nal   
action to :i* !re 0 no answ]+ int]nal   
action4 ,dea? by accid5t implies "s     
neighbor+ me*anical *anges ( :i* !      
causes are ei!r unobs]v$ f inatt5tion1  
or are s intricate _! results _c be     
=ese51 &1 consequ5tly1 c]ta9 relations 9
 ! organism are n adju/$ to ! relations 
9 ! environm5t4 ,manife/ly1 if1 to e    
out] co-exi/5ce & sequ5ce by :i* x 0 ev]
 9 any degree affect$1 ! organism       
pres5t$ an answ]+ process or act1 !     
simultane\s *anges w\ld be indef9itely  
num]\s & complex1 & ! successive ones   
endless1 ! correspond5ce w\ld be !      
greate/ conceivable & ! life ! highe/   
conceivable1 bo? 9 degree & l5g?4       
,,k4--,ano!r requirem5t to promote human
 heal? is a bett] k ( h[ ! con/itution (
 ! body may be /r5g!n$1 & m c]titude z  

to :e!r su* improvem5ts z x may receive 
by hygi5ic tra9+ w be transmitt$ to     
(fspr+4 ,t human heal? may be improv$ by
 "r tra9+ ( ! body1 a bett] supply (    
fre% air1 great] mod]ation 9 liv+1 !re  
is n a %ad[ ( d\bt2 b is ! con/itution  
itself ?us /r5g!n$1 or only its orig9al 
vigor cons]v$ & made effective8 ,i h be5
 work+ on ! problem = "s "t by a s]ies (
 /udies on ! blood1 & especially ! am\nt
 ( liv+ matt] 9 ! colorless corpuscles1 
& h satisfi$ myself1 f "s obs]vations on
 individual cases1 t ! orig9al          
con/itution ( feeble p]sons c be /r5g!n$
 9 e>ly life1 b ! ext5t ( ?is /r5g!n+   
seems some:at limit$4 ,mu* orig9al      
rese>* is /ill requir$ to get at        
important facts 9 ?is direction4 ,if "s 
( ! /udy n[ giv5 to micro-organisms c\ld
 be devot$ to ?is subject x w\ld be mo/ 
useful4 ,! "w might be done 9 connection
 ) our num]\s s*ools ( physical culture1
 n[ happily multiply+1 & also 9 our     
physiological laboratories4  ,t any ga9 
to ! vigor ( ! con/itution c be         

transmitt$ to ! (fspr+ is v probable4   
,:ile education & tra9+ d n seem to     
affect ! g]m cells 9 any m>k$ degree1   
nutrition does affect !m4 ,:e!r acquir$ 
*>act]s 9 ! =m ( skill1 music1 language 
or o!r l ?+s are transmitt$ or n may    
/ill be an op5 "q4  ,/r5g!n+ !          
con/itution seems to be be/ accompli%$  
by increas+ ! res\rces ( ! body beyond  
its outgo1 s t !re %all be "s ga92 & ?is
 br+s up a v important subject1 t ( !   
importance ( liv+ )9 ! bodily income4   
,9 our fa/ age we are likely to use up !
 physiological res\rces 9 excessive "w  
or dissipation1 & s rob our *ildr5 ( _! 
j inh]itance4   ,,effects ,,( ,,liv+    
,,at ,,high ,,pressure4--,"o g5]ation   
may1 by liv+ at high pressure & "u      
specially unfavorable conditions1 use up
 m ?an its %>e ( ! liv+ matt] ( its     
bodies & draw a bill on po/]ity :i* !   
next g5]ation _c pay4 ,_m ( u n[ h !    
b5efit ( ! calm1 unexcit+ lives ( our   
=efa!rs4 ,!y /or$ up physiological weal?
 = u2 we are us+ x4 ,! "q is1 ,c we1    

work+ at high pressure1 keep ?is up dur+
 our lives 7:i*1 9 t case1 w be on an   
av]age r %ort71 & transmit to ! com+    
g5]ation a l>ge supply ( liv+ matt] = _!
 ne$s8  ,h[ (t5 has x happ5$ 9 ! hi/ory 
( ! _w t p :o = g5]ations h exhibit$ no 
special g5ius1 h blaz$ out 9 bur/s (    
national greatness = a "t1 & !n almo/   
di$ out6 ,we ought to take c>e t ?is    
does n happ5 to u4 ,h[ (t5 we see a     
quiet c\ntry family1 ^: memb]s h =      
g5]ations l$ calm1 temp]ate lives1      
sudd5ly produce "o or two great m5 & !n 
relapse into obscurity4 ,!y _h by _!    
quiet1 inexp5sive liv+ /or$ up en]gy =  
?is purpose4 ,on ! o!r h&1 h[ (t5 h we  
se5 ! rev]se--families ^: en]gies h be5 
us$ up 9 ov]work or s5suality produc+   
(fspr+ bel[ !mselves 9 ability4 ,! true 
rule1 h[ev]1 is nei!r to wa/e ! bodily  
en]gy nor to keep too mu* ( x ly+ idle &
 produc+ no?+4   ,,girls ,,9            
,,manufactur+ ,,di/ricts4--,we ne$ also 
a new dep>ture 9 our manufactur+ c5t]s4 
,manufactur+ z n[ conduct$ is a f> less 

heal?y occupation ?an agriculture &     
horticulture4 ,! reason = ?is is t      
workm5 & workwom5 & ev5 *ildr5 9 mo/    
mills & factories are expos$ = h\rs at a
 "t to an atmosph]e :i* is load$ ) du/ &
 ! debris ( cotton1 ( wool1 & (t5 to t  
wor/ ( all du/ :i* comes f %oddy & rags4
 ,!y are also1 9 _m cases1 kept away f  
light1 & 9 cramp$ positions1 & ?is1     
cont9u$ = ye>s1 sl[ly det]iorates !     
con/itution2 & if1 9 case ( a w>1 we 7  
oblig$ to enli/ a l>ge army1 we %\ld f9d
 a f> less numb] ( able bodi$ m5 among !
 factory work]s ?an among ! f>m]s4 ,let 
me give y a picture1 p]haps "o ( ! v    
wor/ to be se5 any:]e1 ( a visit to a   
,new ,engl& pap] mill4  ,we left1 ) a   
company ( ladies & g5tlem51 ! light ( a 
mell[ aft]noon to climb "s /eep & du/y  
/airs "u ! c\rte\s guidance ( a         
sup]9t5d5t4 ,we _h hop$ to 'see x all1' 
'b t 0 q impossible1' said our guide1   
's9ce ! room :]e ! rags are sort$ is s  
du/y t ! g[ns ( ! ladies w\ld be ru9$4' 
,s we cont5t$ ourselves ) less dang]\s  

rooms4 ,b ev5 ab\t ! /airway ! du/ cl\d 
hung heavily1 obscur+ ! sight & *ok+ !  
brea?4 ,f ! n>r[ l&+ ! room1 into :i* x 
0 impossible to v5ture1 0 9 full view4  
,x 0 long & l>ge4 ,f end to end 7 rang$ 
huge boxes1 wai/ high4 ,fa/5$ to ea* 7  
two inv]t$ swords on ^: %>p blades !    
work]s cut ! pil$-up masses ( rags1     
%r$d+ !m = ! blea*+ boil]4 ,all ! floor 
0 cov]$ ) rags1 bill[s ^u bill[s ( soil$
 :ite pieces1 9 :i* ! toil]s /ood1 _!   
feet buri$ deep b5ea? ! dirty1 tatt]$   
mat]ial4  ,n a ^w 0 spok54 ,ev5 :]e we  
/ood spee* 0 difficult1 s completely did
 ! ?ick du/ fill eyes1 m\? & no/rils1   
*ok+1 bl9d+ & exasp]at+4 ,! effect ( ?is
 p]fect sil5ce 0 oppressive4 ,a c]ta9   
solemnity hung ov] ! place4 ,?r\gh ! fog
 ( du/ ! figures loom$ unnaturally l>ge4
 ,all ! work]s 7 :ite & holl[-*eek$1 )  
great sunk5 eyes1 emphasiz$ by ! circles
 und]nea?4 ,ea* woman _h b\nd ^u h] head
 "s rag1 l>g] or f9] ?an ! re/1 to      
protect h] hair1 & ! gray-:ite b&s fold$
 /raight across ! =ehead %[$ weirdly 9 !

 dim half-light4  ,z !y /ood !re 9 long1
 sil5t r[s1 cutt+1 cutt+1 ,,cutt+1 !y   
look$ l ! prie/esses ( "s anci5t &      
frightful c]emonial4 ,we 7 glad to      
escape1 to ex*ange ! du/1 ! grime1 ! wan
 faces1 & ! burn+ eyes = ! brea? ( cool 
w9d1 ! full gl[ ( ! sunlight1 & ! face (
 nature h]self1 s _m ( ^: human *ildr5 h
 no "t to "k or le>n h] ways4  ,x gave a
 tragic significance to ! memory ( ^?   
sil5t work]s to "k t !y h b a few ye>s  
to live4  ,! same un=tunate condition ( 
?+s is compla9$ ( 9 ,man*e/]1 ,engl&1 "o
 ( ! greate/ manufactur+ c5t]s 9 ! _w4  
,! heat$ air ( ! mills1 ! du/1 lack (   
light1 ! employm5t ( *ildr51 says !     
,london ,lancet1 are caus+ va/          
det]ioration & a mo/ disa/r\s effect on 
! morals ( ! p4 ,football is popul>1 b  
all ! play]s are import$ f ,scotl&4 ,!  
natives simply look on & %\t4 ,if !y    
want m5 = policem5 or con/ables1 !y g to
 ,scotl& or ,irel& = !m4 ,! wom5 & girls
 are equally /unt$ & feeble4 ,9 !       
manufactur+ t[ns ! prospect = a /rong1  

heal?y race f su* mat]ial is poor inde$4
   ,,co-,,op]ation3 ,,an ,,example4--,x 
is difficult to see ! rem$y = ?is /ate (
 ?+s4 ,probably ! evolution ( a high]   
/&>d ( e?ics1 a high] s5se ( ju/ice1 & a
 m ?or\gh belief t heal? is a duty1 may 
d some?+4 ,meantime x is important t !  
work+ man %\ld d all he c = himself2 &  
p]haps ,i c d no bett] ?an to give "h a 
picture ( :at "s ( !m h done "u !       
inspiration ( co-op]ation1 n only = _!  
heal? b = _! pockets4  ,x is a picture (
 a great manufactur+ e/abli%m5t ( !     
,scotti% ,co-op]ative ,:olesale         
,society1 at ,%ieldhall1 ne> ,glasg[1 on
 ! ,clyde4 ,?is society is a f$]ation ( 
all ! retail societies ( ,scotl&1 #bch 9
 numb]1 ) a memb]%ip ( ov] #aej1jjj     
p]sons4 ,! society began on a mod]ate   
scale _m ye>s ago1 b its developm5t has 
be5 m>vel\s4 ,9 #ahhg x />t$ out on a   
c>e] :i* has s9ce cont9u$1 ow+ to !     
indomitable en]gy ( "o ( its memb]s1    
himself a work+ man4 ,! build+s /& 9 a v
 heal?y locality1 ! heal? ( ! work+ =ce 

be+ consid]$ ( ! fir/ importance4 ,!y   
seem to h le>n$ t sickness is loss--loss
 ( "t1 ( productive en]gy--& t x is a   
co/ly matt]4 ,z ,mr4 ,bee*] once said1 x
 is ! "o burd5 t b5ds1 almo/ breaks1 !  
back ( society4  ,^! ,scot*m5 are       
realiz+1 j z f> z is possible1 !        
condition ( a s\nd m9d 9 a s\nd body4   
,!y recognize ! rights ( ! labor] to    
heal?1 & place him 9 a position :ile    
work+1 s t 8 body may n det]iorate any m
 ?an is natural = x to d z age advances4
 ,! liv+ ma*9e mu/ n be h>m$ m ?an !    
dead ma*9]y4 ,! l& consi/s ( #ab acres1 
& co/ #b1ejj an acre2 ne>ly all ( x is  
cov]$ ) f9e build+s1 9 :i* #ai diff]5t  
indu/ries are c>ri$ on1 _m ( !m on a    
l>ge scale4 ,e "o ( ^! build+s is       
con/ruct$ aft] mod]n me?ods1 ) e        
requirem5t1 n only = conv5i5ce b =      
heal?4 ,! workrooms are cosy & spaci\s1 
well v5tilat$1 w>m$ 9 cold wea!r by     
/eam1 & light$ by electricity4 ,! be/   
sanit>y arrangem5ts kn[n h be5          
introduc$1 & ! excell5t heal? ( ! workm5

 & workwom51 ( :om !re are ov] #a1jjj ( 
ea*1 tells ! /ory ( sanitation4  ,two   
l>ge d9+-rooms1 "o = m5 & "o = wom51 are
 provid$2 also two l>ge read+-rooms )   
all necess>y pap]s1 p]iodicals1 books & 
means ( amusem5t4 ,its only lack is a   
gymnasium & a field = a?letic sports1 b 
^! may 9 "t be add$4 ,food ( ! be/      
quality is suppli$ = all :o desire x at 
co/4 ,a di% ( oatmeal & milk co/s ?ree  
c5ts2 a l>ge scone ) tea or c(fee1 !    
same2 ,scot* bro? or s\p1 two c5ts2 /ew$
 meat & potatoes1 eight c5ts2 roa/ beef 
or mutton1 ) potatoes1 t5 c5ts2 a good &
 suffici5t meal ne$ n co/ ov] twelve    
c5ts4 ,/&>d wages are paid1 & two &     
"o-half h\rs less "t dem&$ ?an 9 private
 %ops4  ,m5 "w fifty-?ree h\rs weekly1  
wom5 =ty-f\r4 ,mo/ ( ! latt] "w 9 ! %irt
 factory1 b !y d n ne$ to s+ ,hood's    
,song ( ! ,%irt4 ,sweat+ is unkn[n2 e   
work]1 f ! y\nge/ to ! olde/1 receives 8
 or h] %>e ( ! pr(its1 :i* am\nt to ab\t
 #ae1jjj ye>ly4  ,"h we h an almo/ ideal
 manufactur+ e/abli%m5t1 & if all 7 su* 

we %\ld h high] hopes = human heal? 9 ! 
imm$iate future = our work]s 9          
factories4 ,x 0 ! outgr[?1 ! ef=t ( !   
,scot*1 a highly intellectual race1 to  
adju/ itself to its environm5t4         
,necessity & competition act+ on !m =c$ 
!m to new & bett] adju/m5ts4 ,su* a     
result c\ld h>dly h be5 a*iev$ by a less
 h>d-head$ & practical p1 a race on :i* 
evolution has = ages produc$ "s ( its   
be/ effects4   ,,hygi5e4--,b ,i fancy y 
ask me1 ,is !re any hope t 9 ! future   
evolution1 & ) x adju/m5t to environm5t1
 w c>ry man s f> t an ideal /ate ( heal?
 w be ! lot ( all8 ,?is is :at hygi5e   
promises4 ,is x a va9 hope8 ,if we look 
at :at old] sci5ces h done = man we f9d 
mu* to enc\rage u4 ,9 a/ronomy1 by ! aid
 ( ma!matics1 we c calculate ) c]titude 
! date ( future eclipses4 ,9 _m o!r     
sci5ces we c make accurate pr$ictions & 
accompli% results ( ! greate/           
importance4 ,inde$1 sci5ce has become   
almo/ our only au?ority4 ,imp]fect z x  
yet is1 we tru/ x1 p]haps1 too          

implicitly4 ,! sci5ce ( hygi5e is !     
y\nge/ ( all ! sci5ces4 ,n t ! ,greeks1 
! ,hebrews1 ! ,h9doos & ,*9ese did n h  
"s practical k on ! subject1 b x 0 rude 
& empirical4 ,) ! discov]ies (          
micro-organisms z ! cause ( a s]ies ( ! 
wor/ diseases1 we h begun to place      
hygi5e alongside ma!matics & *emi/ry4   
,we n[ "k ! orig9 ( _m diseases :i*     
=m]ly 7 envelop$ 9 my/]y4 ,c we remove  
!m8 ,t is ! next task4 ,hygi5e w 9 !    
future busy itself ) ?is great "q4 ,x   
has1 x is believ$1 already made _m      
cities pro(1 or almo/ pro(1 aga9/ *ol]a 
& yell[ fev]4 ,x w try to make !m pro(  
aga9/ o!r contagi\s diseases also1 & x w
 )\t d\bt succe$4 ,b its "w w n !n h be5
 accompli%$4 ,we may avoid ! causes (   
disease & /ill be puny creatures4 ,our  
great task w be ! build+ up ( bodies    
equal to ! ne$s ( our environm5t4 ,?is  
we h1 9 a small way1 already begun to   
d--imitat+ ! anci5t ,greeks--9 our      
s*ools ( physical culture1 :]e ! body c 
be tra9$ up to its be/1 & also 9 our    

laboratories = psy*ological rese>*1 9   
:i* ! relation ( m9d & body are be+     
c>efully inve/igat$1 :]e e subject      
connect$ ) e function is be+ /udi$1 ev5 
we>9ess1 ang]1 hope1 despair1 dr9k1     
food1 sleep1 ! wea!r1 & _! effects on   
function4 ,! results ( su* k w prove    
beyond a d\bt t ! heal? ( ! body1 z well
 z ( ! m9d1 is ( ! highe/ importance =  
success 9 life1 = happ9ess & usefulness1
 & t we c d mu* to secure bo?4  ,my own 
p]sonal hope = ! future ( human heal?   
lies 9 ! evolution & spread ( ?is gospel
 ( hygi5e4  ,hygi5e int]e/s itself 9 all
 t relates to human well-be+4 ,x may be 
def9$ z ! e?ics ( ! body--! sci5ce (    
true liv+4 ,x promises heal? to all :o  
obey its laws4 ,x makes no su* promise  
to ^? :o disreg>d !m4 ,9 ! future1 no   
d\bt1 a high] av]age ( heal? w be !     
result ( our ev]-increas+ k2 & :5ev] we 
are able & will+ to apply ?is k to our  
own bodily & m5tal conduct we %all be   
amply rew>d$4 ,?is mu* we c safely      
promise1 b no m4 ,on ! contr>y1 !       

violators ( hygi5ic laws w1 ) _! (fspr+1
 suff] 9 ! future z 9 ! pa/1 & t suff]+ 
w be 9 ! =m ( pa91 disease1 deg5]ation1 
premature dea?4  ,?is may seem h>d to _m
 :o are s5sitive to ! pa9s & sorr[s ( ! 
_w1 & "s h gone s f> z to attribute to !
 au?or ( nature1 ! unkn[n cause ( all   
?+s1 a "* any?+ b good4 ,b ?is is a v   
errone\s way ( look+ at ! subject4 ,to  
discuss x fully we %\ld h to consid] !  
"q ( ! my/]y ( evil1 :i* _c be done "h4 
,suffice x to say1 ! creation1 !        
evolution ( ! race1 is by law4 ,causes  
produce _! legitimate results4 ,if x 7 n
 s1 our suff]+s might be f> great]1 & no
 progress w\ld result4 ,let u be ?ankful
 t nature is z x is1 & let u d our be/  
to put our lives 9 h>mony ) x4 ,by s    
do+1 we may 9 ! end atta9 all t we /rive
 =4     ,,! ,,g]m ,,plasm2 ,,its        
,,relation ,,to ,,(fspr+4   ,! g]m plasm
 is a mo/ int]e/+ & rem>kable sub/ance4 
,x mu/ be int]e/+1 = ev]y?+ :i* relates 
to life & reproduction is int]e/+4 ,x   
mu/ be rem>kable1 = out ( x1 "u prop]   

conditions1 rem>kable results are       
produc$4 ,al?\gh our k ( its nature is v
 imp]fect1 yet let u n on ?is acc\nt    
refuse to try to und]/& :at little is   
kn[n4  ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! g]m plasm (   
animals :i* reproduce sexually is       
compos$ ( two g]m plasms--t ( ! male1 & 
t ( ! female4 ,t ( ! male is call$ !    
sp]matozoon 7pron\nc$ sp]'ma-to-zoo574  
,x is sometimes call$ sp]matozoid2 !    
plural is sp]matozoa4 ,x is exce$+ly    
small1 ! smalle/ ( any cell 9 ! body1 & 
has ! p[] to move f place to place4 ,^! 
cells are produc$ 9 enorm\s numb]s1 & s 
f> z !y h be5 obs]v$ "u ! microscope !y 
diff] consid]ably 9 p[] ( movem5t & 9   
p]fection ( developm5t4 ,consid]+ _!    
small size1 !y mu/ make a v long j\rney 
to f9d ! ovum2 & if !y 7 only few 9     
numb]1 !y w\ld r>ely succe$2 b exi/+ 9  
l>ge numb]s1 = !re are millions ( !m    
produc$ 9 ea* sexual act ( ! male1 "s ( 
!m are pretty sure to d s1 &1 probably 9
 mo/ cases1 x w\ld be ^? mo/ vigor\s &  
capable ( mak+ ! j\rney mo/ direct & 9 !

 lea/ "t4  ,t ( ! female is call$ !     
ovum1 or egg2 plural1 ova4 ,only a small
 numb] are produc$1 :5 comp>$ ) ! numb] 
( ! male sp]matozoa1 b !re are q en\gh =
 ! ends !y are to s]ve4 ,!y h n ! same  
p[] ( movem5t1 ?\gh !y d move some:at z 
! amaeba does4 ,!y are also v mu* l>g]  
?an ! male cells4  ,! eggs ( all mammals
 look alike z !y come f ! ov>ies1 b take
 on "s *anges aft]w>d4 ,haeckel says3 ,e
 primitive egg be+ an entirely simple1  
some:at r\nd1 mov+1 nak$ cell1 possesses
 no membrane1 & consi/s only ( a nucleus
 & protoplasm4 ,^! two p>ts h long borne
 di/9ctive names3 ! protoplasm be+ call$
 ! vitellus1 or yelk1 & ! nucleus !     
g]m9al vesicle 7vesicula g]m9ativa74 ,! 
same au?or also says3 ,! human egg _c be
 di/+ui%$ f t ( mo/ o!r mammals1 ei!r 9 
its immature or 9 its m complete        
condition4 ,its =m1 its size1 its       
composition1 are approximately ! same 9 
all4 ,9 its fully develop$ condition x  
has an av]age diamet] ( "o-t5? ( a      
l9e--ab\t ! "o hundr$ & tw5tie? "p ( an 

in*4 ,if ! mammalian egg is prop]ly     
isolat$1 & held on a plate ( glass t[>ds
 ! light1 x appe>s to ! eye z a v f9e   
po9t4 ,! normal eggs ( mo/ ( ! high]    
mammals are ( almo/ exactly ! same size4
 ,!y h ! same sph]ical =m2 always ! same
 *>act]i/ic cov]+2 always ! same cle>1  
r\nd g]m9al vesicle ) its d>k g]m9al    
spot4 ,ev5 "u ! highe/ p[] ( our be/    
microscopes !re appe>s to be no ess5tial
 diff]5ce betwe5 ! eggs ( a human be+ & 
t ( ! ape1 ! dog1 ! cat or o!r animal4  
,?is simil>ity is "o ( appe>ance only4  
,!re is a diff]5ce1 & ( ?is ,i %all     
speak lat]4 ,x may be ask$ if ! egg ( a 
bird is ! same z ! egg ( a mammal4 ,!   
mature bird's egg1 z x is laid 9 ! ne/1 
diff]s mat]ially f t ( any mammal2 b 9  
its m9iature =m1 z f\nd 9 ! h5's ov>y1 x
 is also ! same4 ,! egg ( a bird aft] x 
leaves ! ov>y1 & z x passes along !     
oviduct1 takes on secretions 9 its      
passage :i* x conv]ts into yelk1 &      
aft]w>ds a %ell is add$ to give x       
protection 9 ! ext]nal _w1 :]e x mu/    

und]go incubation be=e x c become a     
bird2 b be=e x takes on its %ell x has  
be5 f]tiliz$1 & ?is also causes o!r     
*anges4 ,haeckel says3 ,aft] ! ripe egg 
( ! bird has left ! ov>y1 & has be5     
f]tiliz$ 9 ! oviduct1 x surr\nds itself 
) v>i\s cov]+s :i* are secret$ f ! inn] 
surface ( ! oviduct4 ,! ?ick lay] (     
transp>5t album5 fir/ =ms r\nd ! yell[  
yelk2 ?is is foll[$ by ! =mation ( !    
out] calc>e\s %ell1 )9 :i* is ano!r     
envelope1 or sk94 ,all ^! cov]+s &      
additions :i* are gradually =m$ r\nd !  
egg are ( no importance to ! developm5t 
( ! embryo2 !y are p>ts :i* h no?+ to d 
) ! simple egg cell4 ,ev5 9 ! case ( o!r
 animals we (t5 f9d l>ge eggs ) ?ick    
cov]+s4 ,= example1 ! %>k's2 b ev5 9 ?is
 case ! egg is orig9ally exactly simil> 
to ^? ( mammals :5 9 its primitive      
condition z x comes f ! ov>y4 ,9 ! case 
( ! bird ^! additions s]ve only z food =
 ! gr[+ embryo1 :i*1 9 ! case ( mammals1
 is furni%$ by a /ream ( ! "m's blood1  
mak+ '/or$-up' nutrim5t unnecess>y4     

,be=e1 h[ev]1 we c h true g]m plasm ! "m
 cell mu/ be f]tiliz$ by ! male cell4   
,?is is true ( all ! high] plants &     
animals4 ,!re are "s l[ plants & animals
 9 :i* f]tilization by ! male cell is n 
requir$4 ,?is has be5 call$ virg9al     
g5]ation4 ,9 no mammal is ?is possible4 
,h[ f]tilization takes place & :at x    
signifies are bo? important que/ions :i*
 h n be5 entirely settl$1 & x almo/     
seems z if !y c\ld n be settl$ 9 "s ( _!
 details1 except 9 ! l[] =ms ( life4    
,nature has s protect$ ! process f      
obs]vation 9 ! high] animals t x _c be  
/udi$ 9 detail2 b 9 plants & ! l[e/     
animals x has be5 obs]v$ ) "s success1 &
 we may inf] t ! process is v mu* ! same
 9 ! high] animals4  ,haeckel1 9 8 great
 "w on ! ,evolution ( ,man1 tells u t ,!
 process ( f]tilization 9 sexual        
g5]ation dep5ds ess5tially on ! fact t  
two dissimil> cells meet & bl5d4 ,9 =m] 
times ! /range/ views prevail$ ) reg>d  
to ?is act4 ,m5 h always be5 dispos$ to 
reg>d x z ?or\ghly my/ical1 & ! mo/     

widely diff]5t hypo!ses h be5 fram$ to  
acc\nt = x4 ,x is only )9 a few ye>s t  
clos] /udy has %[n t ! :ole process (   
f]tilization is extremely simple1 &     
entirely )\t special my/]y4 ,ess5tially1
 x consi/s m]ely 9 ! fact t ! male      
sp]m-cell coalesces ) ! female egg-cell4
 ,ow+ to its s9u\s movem5ts1 ! v mobile 
sp]m-cell f9ds its way to ! female      
egg-cell1 p5etrates ! membrane ( ! latt]
 by a p]=at+ motion1 & coalesces ) its  
cell mat]ial4  ,a poet might f9d 9 ?is  
circum/ance a capital opportunity =     
pa9t+ 9 gl[+ colors ! wond]ful my/]y (  
f]tilization2 he might describe !       
/ruggles ( ! 'se$ animalcules' eag]ly   
danc+ r\nd ! egg-cell %ut up 9 its _m   
cov]+s1 disput+ ! passage ?r\gh ! m9ute 
pore-canals ( ! *orion1 & !n ( purpose  
bury+ !mselves 9 ! protoplasm ( ! yelk  
mass1 :]e1 9 a _s ( self-sacrifice1 !y  
completely efface !mselves 9 ! bett]    
'ego4' ,b ! critical naturali/ v        
prosaically conceives ?is poetical      
incid5t1 ?is 'cr[n ( love1' z ! m]e     

coalesc5ce ( two cells6 ,! result ( ?is 
is1 t 9 ! fir/ place ! egg-cell is r5d]$
 capable ( fur!r evolution1 &1 secondly1
 t ! h]$it>y qualities ( bo? p>5ts c be 
transmitt$ to ! *ild4  ,by coalesc5ce is
 und]/ood1 gr[+ toge!r1 n m+l+ z wat] & 
milk might :5 mix$4 ,m rec5t obs]vations
 indicate t dur+ coalesc5ce bo? ! male &
 female cells ?r[ (f "s portions ( _!   
sub/ance4 ,x is also consid]$ t !       
important "p ( ea* cell is its nucleus4 
,9 x all h]$it>y *>act]i/ics are /or$   
up4 ,if ! nucleus be abs5t 9 ei!r cell  
^! cells _c reproduce4 ,9 unicellul>1 or
 "o-cell$1 organisms1 x has be5 f\nd 9  
multiplication by division1 a "p ( !    
nucleus mu/ g ) ea* half1 o!rwise ! half
 )\t a "p ( x does n gr[4 ,9 exp]im5ts 9
 laboratories1 artificial division (    
simple organisms may be made1 & ea*     
fragm5t w become a p]fect creature if   
only a v small piece ( ! nucleus goes ) 
! sep>at$ portion2 b if a "p is cut (f  
)\t any ( ! nucleus1 !n1 :ile x may live
 on = a %ort "t1 x c n gr[ or propagate4

  ,possibly we h "h an explanation ( "s 
h]$it>y ph5om5a 9 human be+s4 ,if !re is
 an unequal division1 & m ( ! male ?an (
 ! female nucleus1 ! *ild might1 z a    
result1 inh]it m ( ! fa!r's ?an ( ! "m's
 *>act]i/ics1 or ! rev]se4  ,:at has be5
 s f> said ab\t ! g]m plasm has be5 to  
enable ! read] to possess a degree (    
intellig5ce on ! nature ( f]tilization1 
s f> z x is kn[n2 b f a practical /&po9t
 ! mo/ important k = ^? prospective     
p>5ts :o wi% to practice intellig5t     
/irpiculture is to und]/& t ! heal? ( ! 
g]m plasm or f]tiliz$ ovum dep5ds on !  
heal? ( ! p>5ts4 ,by heal?1 ,i mean !   
possession ( a good con/itution1 to :i* 
w be add$ a /rong hold on life1 p[] to d
 & to endure1 & quickly to recov] f     
we>9ess4 ,disease w be easily w>d$ (f 9 
su* p]sons1 s t !re w be g5]ally good   
heal?4 ,su* a condition ( body is       
usually inh]it$4 ,x dep5ds on !         
possession ( a l>ge supply 9 ! body (   
liv+ matt]--firm muscles1 a good he>t1  
lungs & dige/ive organs4 ,^? :o are     

feeble _c endure mu*2 ^: he>t1 lungs &  
dige/ive organs are weak2 ^: hold on    
life is slight1 c r>ely end[ _! (fspr+ )
 ^! high qualities4 ,_! *ildr5 may live 
if no great /ra9 comes ^u !m2 b if !y   
mu/ take an active "p 9 ! /ruggle &     
competition go+ on 9 ! _w !y _c endure  
x4 ,mr4 ,sp5c] puts ! case v aptly 9 8  
"w on ,e?ics :]e he says3 ,x results t  
:]e mat]nal vigor is great1 & ! surplus 
vitality consequ5tly l>ge1 a long s]ies 
( *ildr5 may be borne be=e any          
det]ioration 9 _! quality becomes m>k$2 
:ile1 on ! o!r h&1 a "m ) b a small     
surplus may soon cease altoge!r to      
reproduce4 ,fur!r1 x results t v>iations
 9 ! /ate ( heal? ( p>5ts :i* involves  
v>iations 9 ! surplus vitality h _!     
effects on ! con/itutions ( (fspr+ to ! 
ext5t t (fspr+ borne dur+ greatly d]ang$
 mat]nal heal? are decid$ly feebl]4 ,&  
!n1 la/ly & *iefly1 x results t aft] !  
con/itutional vigor has culm9at$1 & !re 
has comm5c$ t gradual decl9e :i* 9 "s   
tw5ty ye>s or s br+s absolute           

inf]tility1 !re goes on a gradual       
decrease 9 t surplus vitality on :i* !  
production ( (fspr+ dep5ds1 & a         
consequ5t det]ioration 9 ! quality ( su*
 (fspr+4 ,?is :i* is a priori conclusion
 is v]ifi$ a po/]iori4  ,mr4 ,j4 ,ma!ws 
,duncan1 9 8 "w on ,fecundity1          
,f]tility1 ,/]ility & alli$ topics1 has 
giv5 results ( /ati/ics :i* %[ t mo!rs (
 tw5ty-five be> ! f9e/ infants1 & t f   
mo!rs ^: ages at m>riage range f tw5ty  
to tw5ty-five ye>s !re come infants :i* 
h a l[] rate ( mortality ?an ^? result+ 
f m>riages consummat$ :5 ! mo!rs' ages  
are small] or great]4 ,! app>5t slight  
incongruity betwe5 ^! two /atem5ts be+  
due to ! fact t :]eas m>riages comm5c$  
be=e tw5ty & tw5ty-five cov] ! :ole ( ! 
p]iod ( highe/ vigor1 m>riages comm5c$  
at five & tw5ty cov] a p]iod :i* lacks !
 ye>s dur+ :i* vigor is ris+ to its     
climax & includes only ! ye>s ( decl9e f
 ! climax4  ,?is quotation f ,mr4 ,sp5c]
 ne$s a qualify+ rem>k4 ,mr4 ,galton1 9 
8 "w on ,h]$it>y ,g5ius1 f\nd t ! av]age

 age ( mo!rs ( m5 ( ! greate/ ability 0 
ab\t ?irty1 & ( _! fa!rs ?irty-five4 ,9 
su* cases1 ! physical & intellectual    
/r5g? mu/ h be5 above ! av]age1 &1      
consequ5tly1 x cont9u$ to a m advanc$   
age4 ,besides1 ^? ( great ability mature
 lat]4  ,x may also be add$ t ,duncan's 
/ati/ics1 quot$ by ,sp5c]1 are av]age   
/ati/ics ga!r$ f tables ( mortality1 &  
include e class ( p]sons4 ,n[1 av]age   
/ati/ics d n apply to individual cases1 
& !y w\ld n apply to ^? highly end[$    
physically & intellectually4  ,fur!r1 ^?
 :o are well end[$ at bir? & ^: lives   
are 9 accordance ) hygi5ic law1 t is1 ^?
 :o d n squ&] _! physiological res\rces 
by s5suality1 by intemp]ance1 or by     
excesses ( any sort reta9 _! heal? to a 
great] age ?an ^? ^: lives are ! rev]se4
 ,su* are ( a y\?ful physiological age1 
:i* is n altoge!r det]m9$ by ! actual   
numb] ( ye>s !y h liv$1 b by v high     
physiological conditions4  ,f all ?is we
 conclude t a v important rule 9 !      
production ( (fspr+1 if we w\ld h ^?    

(fspr+ sup]ior1 is to ma9ta9 a high     
degree ( heal?--a condition 9 :i* !re is
 a surplus ( physiological capital to   
produce *ildr5 ) end[m5ts equal to1 if n
 sup]ior to1 _! p>5ts4  ,ano!r subject  
requires treatm5t "h4 ,x is ! effect (  
alcohol on (fspr+4 ,we are yet lack+ 9  
/ati/ics giv+ ! facts we ne$ to "k on   
?is subject2 b ! g5]al obs]vation (     
compet5t p]sons :o h _h good            
opportunities to /udy x may tea* u      
some?+4 ,alcohol1 9 its circulation 9 ! 
blood1 p5etrates e "p2 n ev5 ! g]m plasm
 escapes4 ,demme /udi$ t5 families (    
dr9k]s & t5 families ( temp]ate p]sons4 
,! direct po/]ity ( ! t5 families (     
dr9k]s includ$ fifty-sev5 *ildr54 ,( ^!1
 tw5ty-five di$ 9 ! fir/ weeks & mon?s (
 _! lives2 six 7 idiots2 9 five a /rik+ 
backw>dness ( _! longitud9al gr[? 0     
obs]v$2 five 7 affect$ ) epilepsy1 &    
five ) inborn diseases4 ,?us1 ( !       
fifty-sev5 *ildr5 ( dr9k]s only t51 or  
#ag4e p] c5t41 _h normal con/itutions & 
heal?ful gr[?4 ,! t5 sob] families _h   

sixty-"o *ildr51 five only dy+ 9 ! fir/ 
weeks2 f\r 7 affect$ ) curable diseases 
( ! n]v\s sy/em2 two only _h inborn     
defects4 ,! rema9+ fifty1 #ha4i p] c5t41
 7 normal 9 _! con/itutions &           
developm5t4  ,9 ?is /atem5t we h a      
graphic object lesson ( ! evil effects (
 alcohol on ! g]m plasm4 ,natural       
selection _h f> m to d 9 remov+ ^? unfit
 to survive 9 ! intemp]ate ?an 9 !      
temp]ate families4  ,a k ( ! evil       
effects ( alcohol on ! unborn *ild 0    
kn[n to ! anci5ts4 ,! "m ( ,sampson 0   
w>n$ n to dr9k any w9e or /rong dr9k nor
 to eat any unclean ?+ because %e 0 to  
conceive & be> a son :o 0 to deliv]     
,israel out ( ! h&s ( ! ,phili/9es4     
,manoah 0 s int]e/$ 9 :at ! angel ( !   
,"l _h said to 8 wife t he s\ght an     
int]view ) him = fur!r confirmation1 &  
ask$3 ,h[ %all we ord] ! *ild1 & h[ %all
 we d unto him8 evid5tly mean+1 ,h[ %all
 we tra9 & educate him8 & ! same advice 
0 giv5 z be=e4 ,:atev] view ! read] may 
hold z to ! inspiration or              

non-inspiration ( ! ,bible1 c]ta9ly ?is 
advice 0 good4 ,o!r examples simil> to x
 are to be f\nd1 n only 9 ! same book1 b
 9 num]\s hi/orical works1 & also       
abundant evid5ce 9 our own "t ( ! evil  
effects ( alcoholic dr9ks on unborn     
*ildr5 giv+ !m a t5d5cy to insanity1    
idiocy & o!r n]v\s diseases4 ,a :ole    
book might be writt5 on ?is bran* ( our 
subject4  ,to :at ext5t food affects !  
g]m plasm we rema9 some:at 9 ignorance4 
,we "k t x is f x t ! body is n\ri%$1 & 
f x also ! /or$ up or surplus matt] 9   
our sy/ems is obta9$4 ,! l>g] ! surplus 
! m highly w ! (fspr+ be end[$ ) en]gy  
is a fact cle>ly set =? by ,mr4 ,sp5c]4 
,a surplus ( fatty food /or$ up 9 !     
body1 h[ev]1 _c be ( mu* s]vice & may   
prove injuri\s4 ,a defici5cy ( nitrog5\s
 food w\ld also1 x seems to me1 be an   
evil4 ,! g]m plasm1 or its mo/ important
 "p1 is a highly nitrog5\s sub/ance1 l  
all protoplasm1 or liv+ matt]4 ,! highe/
 =m ( g]m plasm1 t ) a mo/ complex      
molecul> /ructure1 w\ld h>dly be =m$ if 

!re 0 a defici5cy ( nitrog5\s matt] 9 ! 
blood4  ,air is also food ! same z bread
 is4 ,! activities1 ! *emical *anges 9 !
 body1 are ma9ly1 ?\gh n entirely1      
betwe5 ! oxyg5 ( ! air & ! c>bon &      
hydrog5 ( our food4 ,! body is q z mu*  
injur$ by a defici5cy ( air inhal$ into 
! lungs by ex]cise z by a defici5cy (   
food1 ?\gh ! injury may be ( a diff]5t  
nature4 ,physicians & o!rs h long ago   
obs]v$ t ! (fspr+ ( p>5ts liv+ mu* 9 !  
op5 air & sunlight are heal?i] & /rong] 
?an ^? ( p>5ts liv+ 9 conf9$ spaces1 :]e
 air & light are defici5t4 ,air :i* is  
impure1 :i* is load$ ) poison\s matt]1  
if inhal$ = a long "t by ! "m1 l[]s !   
/&>d ( h] heal?4 ,9 mal>i\s regions1 !  
vigor ( ! (fspr+ is less1 & ! numb] :o  
die 9 infancy great]1 ?an 9 regions :]e 
! air & wat] are pure4 ,_m ye>s ago ,i  
rememb] read+ 9 "o ( ! j\rnals devot$ to
 sanit>y sci5ce publi%$ 9 ,london1 an   
acc\nt ( a rural t[n :]e bo? air & wat] 
7 ( extraord9>y purity1 & 9 ?is t[n a v 
l>ge p]c5tage ( ! *ildr5 born liv$ to   

gr[ to maturity4 ,!re is also an isolat$
 region 9 ,france1 bord]+ on ! sea1 :]e 
bo? air1 wat] & climate are unusually   
salubri\s1 & ?\gh int]m>riage has be5   
practic$ = a long "t among ! sev]al ?\s&
 inhabitants1 ! p are rem>kably well =m$
 & heal?y4 ,simil> facts h be5 obs]v$ 9 
o!r places4 ,!y indicate to u t a       
heal?ful climate1 ) good air & wat]1 are
 important factors 9 all true           
/irpiculture4  ,:ile all diseases :i*   
exhau/ ! physiological res\rces ( !     
sy/em are detrim5tal to ! (fspr+1 !re   
are c]ta9 ones :i* are peculi>ly s4     
,specific diseases or ^? result+ f a    
s5sual life are ! fir/ to be m5tion$4   
,if ! bodies ( ei!r fa!r or "m become   
saturat$ ) ! poison1 :i* is probably a  
g]m1 !n ! *ild born ( su* p>5ts w       
c]ta9ly be infect$ & ei!r die at bir? or
 live only a %ort & feeble life4 ,x is  
"o ( ! p5alties ( an impure life--a v   
sev]e "o1 no d\bt1 b p]haps n too sev]e1
 t ! (fspr+ ( ! s5suali/ mu/ suff] !    
p5alties = its p>5t's physiological s9s4

 ,m$ical m5 h long be5 try+ to discov] a
 rem$y :i* w make x safe = a man infect$
 ) specific disease to m>ry & become a  
fa!r1 b s f> !y h n _h mu* success4 ,x  
is d\btful if !y ev] w4  ,epilepsy is   
ano!r disease :i* is s (t5 transmitt$ to
 *ildr5 t any "o ( ei!r sex suff]+ f x  
_h bett] ab/a9 f p>5tage4 ,if "o p>5t is
 rem>kably heal?y1 ! *ildr5 may escape !
 sev]e/ =m ( p5alty2 b ev5 !n !y may    
suff] f n]v\sness & o!r diseases1 &     
r>ely enjoy robu/ heal?4  ,! "q :e!r    
p]sons :o h a consumptive t5d5cy %\ld   
become p>5ts or n has frequ5tly be5     
discuss$ by sanit>ians1 b nev] settl$4  
,su* p]sons are frequ5tly intellectual1 
& (t5 ( an unusually *e]ful & hopeful   
disposition4 ,!y are1 9 mo/ cases1 q    
prolific4 ,9 ! female !y g5]ally make   
excell5t wives & mo!rs2 9 ! case ( !    
male1 !y are n uncommonly good provid]s 
= _! families1 & also good fa!rs4       
,except 9 ! wor/ cases1 does ! welf>e ( 
! race dem& t !y %all n m>ry & become   
p>5ts4 ,probably n4 ,b we mu/ advise !m 

to take ! v be/ c>e ( _! imp]fect       
bodies2 to develop _! *e/s by wise b n  
excessive physical tra9+2 to husb& _!   
physiological res\rces c>efully2 n to   
m>ry "y1 nor re> too _m *ildr54         
,excessive *ildbe>+ is a prolific cause 
9 wom5 ( consumption1 & excessive sexual
 indulg5ce is a frequ5t cause ( x 9 bo? 
sexes4  ,^! rem>ks %\ld n be con/ru$ to 
mean t ^? :o are already 9 ! e>ly /ages 
( ?is disease1 or ^: families on bo?    
sides h be5 deeply affect$ by x1 may    
become p>5ts4 ,!y %\ld n4 ,b 9 ! pres5t 
/ate ( society1 we _c hold m5 & wom5 up 
to an ideal /&>d4 ,"s slight risks may  
be tak51 b n too great ones4 ,z ! race  
progresses 9 k1 h[ev]1 we may raise our 
/&>ds1 & f9ally make !m s high t no "o )
 a t5d5cy to any s]i\s disease :i* is   
likely to affect ! (fspr+ unfavorably   
%all h any "r to contribute to ! _w's   
population4  ,i h m5tion$ only a few ( !
 _m diseases :i* affect ! g]m plasm     
unfavorably4 ,x is h>dly necess>y to    
ext5d ! li/4  ,"o o!r subject des]ves   

consid]ation1 :5 ,i w br+ ?is *apt] to a
 close4 ,e *ild born into ! _w is1 to a 
c]ta9 ext5t1 an exp]im5t4 ,t is to say1 
! p>5ts _c pr$ict its sex1 nor :at its  
*ief *>act]i/ics w be4 ,^! dep5d on :at 
pot5tialities are /or$ up 9 ! g]m plasm4
 ,if ?is be =m$ by p>5ts 9 good heal?1 )
 a surplus ( vital =ce1 & a long l9e (  
ance/ors ) normal lives1 we may believe 
t if ! environm5t be favorable1 ! *ild w
 develop s z to %[ ! same *>act]i/ics1  
p]haps 9 an ev5 high] degree4 ,:atev]   
v>iations !re are w n be mu* bel[ or    
above ! av]age l9e ( its ance/ors4 ,!   
cong5ital *>act]s w t5d to be           
transmitt$4 ,!y are 9 ! g]m plasm1 ev5 9
 great detail4 ,:e!r ! acquir$ ones are 
transmitt$ may /ill be unc]ta92 b :e!r  
!y are or n1 normal "r liv+ w be sure to
 h good effects4 ,obey ! laws ( life &  
f> bett] results w foll[ ?an if !y are  
disobey$4     ,,few] ,,& ,,bett]        
,,*ildr54   ,9 ! pres5t age sugge/ions  
on ?is subject may seem sup]flu\s4 ,! m 
highly educat$ & weal?y classes h       

already suffici5tly r$uc$ ! numb] (     
*ildr5 :i* !y br+ into ! _w4 ,b are ^!  
(fspr+ any bett] ?an !y w\ld h be5 _h _!
 p>5ts giv5 bir? to a l>g] numb]8  ,mr4 
,d>w9 did n ?9k mu* c\ld be done to     
improve ! race by p>5ts limit+ ! numb] (
 _! (fspr+4 ,he w\ld tru/ to natural    
selection to we$ out ! unfit1 & to      
sexual selection z an aid4 ,he ?us      
describes ! probable mann] ( action (   
sexual selection among primeval m53 ,!  
/ronge/ & mo/ vigor\s m5--^? :o c\ld be/
 def5d & hunt = _! families2 ^? :o 7    
provid$ ) ! be/ weapons & possess$ ! mo/
 prop]ty1 su* z a l>ge numb] ( dogs or  
o!r animals--w\ld succe$ 9 re>+ a great]
 av]age numb] ( (fspr+ ?an ! weak] &    
poor] memb]s ( ! same tribes4 ,su* m5   
w\ld d\btless g5]ally be able to select 
! m attractive wom54 4 4 4 ,if1 !n1 ?is 
be admitt$1 x w\ld be an unexpla9able   
circum/ance if ! selection ( ! m        
attractive wom5 by ! m p[]ful m5 ( !    
tribes1 :o w\ld re> on ! av]age a great]
 numb] ( *ildr51 did n1 aft] ! lapse (  

g5]ations1 modify ! "* ( ! tribes4  ,!  
way 9 :i* ! tribe w\ld be modifi$ w\ld  
be by its produc+ bett] *ildr54 ,( c\rse
 among primitive m5 ! ri*] & m p[]ful _h
 sev]al wives1 b x is n likely t ! numb]
 ( *ildr5 by ea* "o 0 l>ge4  ,natural   
selection is1 h[ev]1 a pa9ful process1  
necess>y1 no d\bt1 :]e ignorance        
prevails2 b if ! numb] ( *ildr5 ( ea*   
pair c\ld be limit$ & ( a sup]ior "*1 s 
f> z vigor & adaptation to environm5t   
are conc]n$1 w\ld !re n be less ne$ =   
natural selection ) all its evils8 ,x   
seems to u t ?is w\ld be s4  ,we h      
already quot$ ,grant ,all5 z favor+     
ab/95ce f p>5?ood on ! "p ( ! unfit & ! 
duty on ! "p ( ! fit to become p>5ts1 &1
 !oretically1 ,mr4 ,all5 is "r2 b except
 z bo? ( ^! classes are sway$ by duty we
 w\ld make little progress 9 ?is way4 ,a
 majority ( mank9d ?9k !y are ! fit4 ,:y
 %\ld !y crucify _! desires = ! b5efit (
 ! race8 ,z mank9d becomes m moral ,mr4 
,all5's views may h a l>g] influ5ce on  
?\ght ?an n[2 b be=e t "t little c be   

expect$ f !m4  ,mr4 ,sp5c] says3 ,we h  
fall5 ^u evil times1 9 :i* x has come to
 be an accept$ doctr9e t "p ( !         
responsibilities ( p>5?ood are to be    
dis*>g$1 n by p>5ts1 b by ! public--a "p
 :i* is gradually becom+ a l>g] "p1 &   
?reat5s to become ! :ole4 ,agitators &  
legislators h unit$ 9 spread+ a !ory    
:i*1 logically foll[$ out1 ends 9 !     
mon/r\s conclusion t x is = p>5ts to    
beget *ildr5 & = society to take c>e (  
!m4 ,! political e?ics n[ 9 fa%ion makes
 ! unhesitat+ assumption t :ile ea* man1
 z p>5t1 is n responsible = ! m5tal     
culture ( 8 (fspr+ he is1 z a citiz5    
along ) o!r citiz5s1 responsible = !    
m5tal culture ( all o!r m5's (fspr+6 ,& 
?is absurd doctr9e has n[ become s well 
e/abli%$ t p raise _! eyes 9 a/oni%m5t  
if y d5y4 ,b ?is ignor+ ( ! tru?1 t only
 by due dis*>ge ( p>5tal                
responsibilities has all life on ! e>?  
aris51 & t only ?r\gh ! bett] dis*>ge ( 
!m h !re gradually be5 made possible    
bett] types ( life1 is1 9 ! long run1   

fatal4 ,brea* ( natural law w1 9 ?is    
case1 z 9 all cases1 be foll[$ 9 due "t 
by nature's rev5ge--a rev5ge :i* w be   
t]rible 9 proportion z ! brea* has be5  
great4 ,a sy/em "u :i* p>5tal duties are
 p]=m$ :olesale by ^? :o are n p>5ts1 "u
 ! plea t _m p>5ts _c or w n p]=m _!    
duties--a sy/em :i* fo/]s ! inf]ior     
*ildr5 ( inf]ior p>5ts at ! co/ (       
sup]ior p>5ts & consequ5t injury (      
sup]ior *ildr5--a sy/em :i* ?us helps   
incapables to multiply & h9d]s !        
multiplication ( capables or dim9i%es _!
 capability mu/ br+ decay & ultimate    
ext9ction4 ,a society :i* p]si/s 9 su* a
 sy/em mu/--o!r ?+s equal--g to ! wall 9
 ! competition ) a society :i* does n   
commit ?is folly ( n\ri%+ its wor/ at ! 
exp5se ( its be/4  ,we h evid5ce among  
primitive p t !y und]/& ! necessity (   
limit+ (fspr+1 & practice x 9 a p]fectly
 heal?ful way4 ,! natives ( ,ug&a1 a    
region 9 ,c5tral ,africa1 (f]s an       
illu/ration3 ,! wom5 r>ely h m ?an two  
or ?ree *ildr52 ! practice is t :5 a    

woman has borne a *ild %e is to live    
ap>t f h] husb& = two ye>s1 at :i* age  
*ildr5 are wean$4  ,seaman1 speak+ ( !  
,fijians1 says3 ,aft] *ildbir? husb& &  
wife keep ap>t ?ree & ev5 f\r ye>s1 s t 
no o!r baby may int]f]e ) ! "t consid]$ 
necess>y = suckl+ *ildr54  ,"s fifty    
ye>s ago !re liv$ 9 ,new ,york a "y     
c\ple1 /rong1 heal?y1 ambiti\s to be    
ri*1 & bo? sav+ & indu/ri\s en\gh to    
become s "u ord9>y conditions4 ,! husb& 
0 9 a bus9ess :i* requir$ con/ant       
att5tion2 & 9 ord] to promote x & save !
 exp5se ( help :i* he ?\ght he c\ld n   
af=d1 he labor$ nights1 (t5 up to ! h\rs
 ( twelve & sometimes "o o'clock1 & !n  
arose e>ly & w5t at x aga94 ,8 wife     
sympa?iz$ ) him 9 all 8 und]tak+s1 help$
 him 9 e way possible1 ev5 to ! %>+ ( 8 
midnight toils4 ,9 no way did ei!r ( !m 
sp>e !mselves4 ,!y knew some?+ ( ! evils
 ( pov]ty1 & 7 det]m9$ t x %\ld n always
 be _! lot4 ,=tune favor$ !m1 & _! bank 
acc\nt grew l>g] & l>g] until !y c\ld   
c\nt ! value ( _! possessions z am\nt+  

to sev]al million doll>s4 ,!y liv$ 9 a  
f9e c\ntry seat1 & c\ld gratify e wi%1 s
 f> z food1 clo?+1 books & travel 7     
conc]n$4 ,dur+ _! e>ly m>ri$ life1 :5 ! 
/ra9 ( "w 0 ! greate/1 two *ildr5 7 born
 unto !m1 bo? boys1 & !y are alive      
today2 b are !y a com=t to _! p>5ts1 & a
 help 9 _! decl9+ ye>s8 ,in/ead ( ?is !y
 are bo? de=m$ & cripples1 unable to    
help !mselves or d any labor4 ,_! family
 physician has told me t ! ov]work &    
privation ( ! p>5ts at ! "t ( _! bir? & 
be=e1 0 und\bt$ly ! cause ( ! *ildr5's  
inf]iority4 ,a y\ng] son born aft] !    
wife _h ceas$ to toil l a slave1 gives  
"s promise ( be+ a man ( "*4  ,we h "h a
 typical case ( /rong1 heal?y p>5ts1 ) a
 limit$ numb] ( (fspr+1 yet !y 7 n      
sup]ior4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x w\ld be easy to
 collect a l>ge numb] ( in/ances :]e !  
*ildr5 9 l>ge families h _h sup]ior     
end[m5ts4 ,take ,b5jam9 ,frankl9 z an   
example4 ,he 0 ! fifte5? *ild ( 8 fa!r1 
,josiah ,frankl91 & ! eigh? ( ! t5      
*ildr5 ( 8 "m4  ,x seems t sup]iority is

 a result ( great vigor & p]fection (   
body & m9d & ( abundant reproductive    
p[]4 ,:]e ?is is abs5t ! *ildr5 w h>dly 
be sup]ior4 ,yet 9 bo? cases a c]ta9    
degree ( limitation ought to be         
advantage\s4  ,9 conclusion1 let me say 
:at ,i h indirectly said already4 ,let !
 /rong1 ! capable & ! good re> z _m     
*ildr5 z !y c )\t ov]burd5+ !mselves 9  
any way1 & let ! weak1 ! imp]fect & !   
bad re> few or none1 b devote _! lives  
to p]fect+ _! own *>act]s4 ,9 ?is way ! 
future race w be modifi$ = good & n =   
evil4     ,a ,,!oretical ,,baby4        
,report$ by reque/ ( ,dr4 ,holbrook4    
,x 0 our fir/ baby4 ,i 0 mak+ a liv+ z a
 doctor by writ+ articles on ! g5]al c>e
 ( ! heal?2 & my wife be=e h] m>riage _h
 be5 a k9d]g>tn]1 a tra9] ( k9d]g>tn]s1 
& a lectur] to mo!rs on ! sci5tific &   
exp]t me?ods ( re>+ *ildr5 aright4 ,we  
believ$ 9 ! !ories we _h taught1 & our  
baby got no?+ else f ! />t4 ,accord+ to 
! fir/ appli$ !ory1 we made our tempor>y
 home be=e ! boy began to be1 9 ! ,rocky

 ,m\nta9s ( ,colorado2 & 7 a l>ge "p ( !
 "t ei!r 9 our g>d5 or on horseback1 9  
?is p]fect outdoor climate4 ,my wife 0  
entirely 9 love ) me1 & ,i made ea* day 
c\nt = no?+ m c]ta9ly ?an to des]ve &   
return t s5tim5t ( h]s4 ,we liv$ simply 
b freely1 & _h next to no anxieties4 ,my
 wife _h practic$ g5]al gymna/ics =     
ye>s2 b = mon?s prior to ! bir? ( h]    
boy1 %e e day w5t ?r\gh ) a s]ies (     
special mat]nal gymna/ics1 by :i* !     
muscles t aid 9 p>turition c be made    
/rong & entirely to be reli$ ^u4 ,we 7  
rew>d$ = ?is outlay ( "t 9 a deliv]y t 0
 rapid & easy1 )\t m ?an an ounce (     
haemorrhage1 & ev]y?+ s p]fectly        
controll$ t--except = ! inconv5i5ce (   
x--! pres5ce & aid ( ! physician        
7myself7 might h be5 disp5s$ )4 ,recov]y
 0 rapid also4 ,my wife made no ha/e to 
get up1 keep+ quiet mo/ ( ! "t = two    
weeks1 to ensure good milk4 ,b %e did a 
family wa%+ )\t ef=t aft] ?ree weeks1 & 
0 on horseback aga9 by ! six? week4 ,!  
baby 0 n sev]$ f 8 "m till t5 m9utes    

aft] bir? 7ensur+ a bett] blood supply74
 ,!n he got no ba?1 no food1 no dress+  
process2 b 0 simply swa!d 9 cotton batt+
 & laid aside = six h\rs 9 a padd$      
box-b$1 surr\nd$ by bottles ( hot wat]1 
& cov]$ ) pl5ty ( s(t blankets1 to sleep
 & get us$ to 8 new environm5t4 ,on !   
second day we began rubb+ him daily f   
head to foot ) vasel9e4 ,8 fir/ ba?1 ) a
 flannel clo? dipp$ 9 w>m milk dilut$ ) 
s(t wat] & )\t soap1 came :5 he 0 a week
 old1 & 0 foll[$ by ! ?or\gh rub )      
vasel9e4 ,?is ba? he has _h ne>ly e day 
up to date4 ,he has (t5 cri$1 or cr[$ & 
begg$ = ?is ba?2 b nev] cri$ dur+ its   
p]=mance1 except :5 8 clo!s 7 be+       
replac$4 ,on ! contr>y1 he enjoys e     
mom5t ( x4  ,fe$+ began ) a meal e h\r (
 ! tw5ty-f\r1 = ! fir/ week4 ,!n night  
fe$+ 0 r$uc$ to two meals1 & he 0 f$ e  
two h\rs1 f f\r or five o'clock 9 !     
morn+ till n9e at night1 till two mon?s 
old4 ,ab\t !n he began sleep+ "r ?r\gh !
 nights2 & until ?ree mon?s old 0 f$ e  
?ree h\rs ( ! day "t2 !n = a mon? he w5t

 f\r h\rs betwe5 8 meals4 ,at 8 f\r?    
mon? began ! pres5t regime ( f\r meals  
p] diem4 ,n[ & !n he has cri$ 9 ! night 
f ?ir/1 & a few spoonsful ( cold wat] h 
suffic$ to s5d him (f to sleep aga94    
,all 9 all1 ,i ?9k ,i c\ld c\nt on my   
f+]s ! times t he has wak5$ u out (     
h\rs1 & n once has anyone walk$ ! floor 
) him4 ,9 fact1 no div]sions ( ?is sort 
h ev] be5 practic$ on him4 ,he has nev] 
be5 rock$ to sleep2 :5ev] cross or      
fretful 9 ! day1 we h kn[n t sleep 0 all
 he ne$$1 & into 8 little b$ he has be5 
promptly plump$1 & cov]$ ) a loosely    
knit afghan1 t5t$ on a light framework1 
:i* we call ! ext+ui%]4 ,"h %ut away &  
entirely unnotic$ he soon le>n$ to give 
himself up to 8 own reflections1 & !n   
pres5tly to sleep4 ,?us we h kept d[n ! 
fir/ great nuisance ( ord9>y infancy1   
namely1 egoism & a habit ( h[l+ =       
att5tion :5 no att5tion is really ne$$4 
,b social relations1 & ^? ( ! gaye/1 he 
has con/antly ) bo? 8 p>5ts4 ,we take up
 & make into play ) him ea* idea ( 8    

own4 ,we h %[n him "s f+]-plays4 ,9 !   
ma9 we leave him to orig9ate 8 own      
amusem5ts4  ,f ! keep+ ( /oma* & b[els  
absolutely heal?y1 by a regul> &        
reasonable ex]cise ( _! all-important   
functions1 n only has ! boy be5 free f  
irritability1 & spontane\sly happy &    
self-amus$1 sometimes quiet1 & sometimes
 jolly to ov]fl[+4 ,b ! second great    
nuisance ( ^? ord9>ily att5d+           
baby-rais+1 namely1 s\r /oma* foll[$ by 
colic1 0 elim9at$4 ,a second>y result ( 
?is entire regul>ity ( function+ at !   
upp] end ( ! alim5t>y canal 0 t a l     
regul>ity set 9 at ! o!r end4 ,t is1 at 
! ?irte5? week he began to h b "o daily 
passage ( faecal matt]1 & t soon aft]   
breakfa/4 ,( ! approa* ( ?is act he     
notifi$ 8 "m )\t fail1 & !reaft] we _h  
no soil$ diap]s4 ,movem5ts 7 receiv$ on 
pieces ( old clo?1 & clo? & all toss$   
into a pan ( a%es1 or ! fire1 :5 we _h  
"o4 ,:51 at six mon?s1 we put him onto  
c['s milk1 mix$ ) ?9 graham porridge1 to
 supply ! extra n\ri%m5t dem&$ by rapid 

gr[?1 he w5t up to two movem5ts p]      
diem--morn+ & ev5+4 ,?us1 ! ?ird great  
nuisance ( ( diap] wa%+ 0 elim9at$1 9   
its m disagreeable feature4 ,eructation 
( curds1 ra%es1 colic1 di>rhoea--^!     
common ailm5ts ( ord9>y babyhood1 we h  
nev] _h a sight (4 ,we believe x due    
solely to /rict adh]5ce to !            
f\r-meals-a-day plan4 ,^! consi/ ( an   
e>ly breakfa/1 a lat] breakfa/1 a d9n]  
ab\t "o o'clock & a supp] betwe5 six &  
sev54 ,! ba? comes at any conv5i5t "t4  
,on pleasant days1 ev5 9 w9t]1 he is    
outdoors1 well wrapp$1 9 a *air1 = h\rs1
 & (t5 has a long nap !re4 ,he 0        
provid$1 by my own ne$le & p5knife1 ) an
 ample fur sleep+ sack1 into :i* he is  
securely button$ e ev5+ & laid 9 8      
box-b$1 on a trunk4 ,he nev] sleeps ) 8 
p>5ts4 ,accord+ to ! coolness or        
coldness ( ! nights1 additional cov]+1 9
 ! %ape ( s(t blankets & %awls1 is laid 
9 on ! box1 _! weight support$ by !     
edges ( ! box4 ,he _c uncov] himself1 b 
he c kick freely1 & use 8 arms4 ,we     

dress$ him1 f ! fir/1 9 ! ,g]trude sy/em
 ( baby clo!s1 introduc$ by ,dr4        
,grosv5or1 ( ,*icago--all wool5 pr9cess 
g>m5ts1 ) %irr+ /r+s at ! l[] hems1 by  
:i* !y are made clos$ bags1 end+ j bel[ 
! feet2 w>m1 b all[+ ( kick+ ad libitum4
 ,at five mon?s--x be+ w9t] "t--he w5t  
into %ort clo!s1 includ+ solid suits (  
w>m flannel und]we>1 %irts1 draw]s &    
long snug-fitt+ /ock+s4 ,he has nev] _h 
a cold4 ,8 muscles1 f ! fir/ 7due to 8  
"m's gymna/ics71 7 firm & active1 l ^? (
 an adult4 ,at ! f\r? week he surpris$ u
 by susp5d+ 8 entire weight f 8 h&s &   
arms "o morn+4 ,legs1 neck1 back & h&s  
p>ticul>ly h develop$ /eadily 9 p[] &   
quickness4 ,!re 0 nev] any fat          
deposit$--t avant c\ri] ( s mu* infant  
mortality--yet he is1 & has be5 all     
along1 a rosy1 plump1 dimpl$ baby1 or   
boy1 r1 = babyhood v e>ly lo/ its hold  
on him4 ,too (t5 *ildr5 seem f9ally to  
em]ge f ! mis]ies & ailm5ts ( a t$i\s   
infancy & to take on1 at la/1           
individuality & di/9ct "* at ! second or

 ?ird ye>4 ,?is *ild1 p] contra1 hav+   
nev] _h a s5sation ( illness1 or ( pa91 
save hone/ hung]1 has seem$ to be a     
happy little boy almo/ f ! fir/1 al]t or
 ?\ghtful1 %\t+ or coo+1 laugh+ & cr[+1 
especially aft] 8 meals & movem5ts1     
/udy+ ! _w ( ?+s ab\t him by ! h\r1     
ke5ly appreciative ( colors & ( music1 &
 pref]r+ "s sorts to o!rs1 8 face cross$
 by vivid *anges ( expression1 wond]1   
m]rim5t1 surprise1 rev]ie--all z p]fect 
at six mon?s z ord9>ily se5 at ?ree     
ye>s4 ,he has good color f head to foot1
 is pale :5 hungry1 b ! mom5t a bit (   
food is d[n exp&s to 8 mo/ g5ial fl[ (  
spirits4 ,imm$iately aft] 8 day-"t naps 
8 *eeks are regul>ly flu%$ & rosy4 ,8   
spirits become m pron\nc$ t[>d ea* ev5+1
 rea*+ _! high-po9t ( talk+1 laugh+1    
cr[+ & squeal+ at j ab\t b$-"t4 ,he     
keeps x up = "s "t aft] be+ tuck$ away =
 ! night1 till sleep ma/]s him2 & beg9s 
:]e he left (f e>ly next morn+4 ,all ?is
 is good physiology4 ,s happy day       
succe$s happy day1 & we tru/ & hope t _m

 good t5d5cies are gett+ a fair />t 9 a 
h>moni\s & spontane\s beg9n+ ( ?is great
 "w ( gr[+ up t we are fo/]+ b n =c+4   
,,at ,,"o ,,ye> ,,old4--,ev]y?+ cont9ues
 z begun4 ,tee?+ at times causes slight 
transi5t fretfulness1 & m cold wat] is  
drunk4 ,! b[els rema9 absolutely regul>4
 ,! all-night sleep 7nev] put to sleep17
 & two day-"t naps are un*ang$1 9 all   
?irte5 or f\rte5 h\rs ( sleep p] diem4  
,on w>m days he ne$s & gets pl5ty ( cool
 wat] to dr9k1 (t5 two-?irds ( a p9t at 
a "t4 ,talk+1 /&+ & creep+ he has atta9$
 by 8 own unaid$ initiative 7?is on     
pr9ciple74 ,z = amusem5ts1 he inv5ts 8  
own always1 except :5 engag$ 9 social   
ex*ange ) 8 fa!r & "m1 & 9 ^!1 too1 we  
are c>eful t he makes at lea/ half !    
advances4  ,on p>ticul> occasions he    
comes 9 ne$ ( mo!r+--& gets x4 ,on all  
o!rs he simply lives ) two big b highly 
sympa!tic playfell[s2 & he has develop$ 
sep>ate l9es ( play & talk = ea*4 ,(t5  
he *ooses to alt]nate z betwe5 two poles
 ( attraction1 turn+ 8 face to 8 "m's = 

h] sympa?y betwe5 %\ts to 8 fa!r1 or    
vice v]sa4 ,f week to week we notice t !
 old] plays are mo/ly dropp$ "o by "o1 &
 fre% ones inv5t$4 ,all1 h[ev]1 are real
 & vivid to him4  ,9 e>ly prospect we h 
b two m po9ts to compass4 ,p]fect heal? 
9 all respects he has intact4           
,self-control & self-suffici5cy1 bo? 9  
amus+ himself & 9 endur+ less] ills1 su*
 z bumps & mild degrees ( hung]1 he is  
gett+ z fa/ z gr[? p]mits4 ,b ob$i5ce & 
responsibility w soon be ne$$ 9 8       
rep]toire4 ,negative ob$i5ce 8 "m is    
obta9+ already 9 response to ,no1 no1 & 
%akes ( ! head4 ,positive ob$i5ce w be !
 f> m vital ?+ to secure--j z soon z he 
c help 9 little ways4 ,"h we hope to    
make him responsible z f> z c be = !    
welf>e1 safety & amusem5t ( y\ng]       
playfell[s1 :e!r bro!r or si/] x is n[  
too soon to say4   ,,at ,,eighte5       
,,mon?s4--,a cold d\*e has1 = ?ree mon?s
 pa/1 end$ 8 morn+ ba?1 regul>ly giv5 by
 8 fa!r aft] 8 si/] arriv$1 & 8 weight  
became consid]able4 ,?is d\*e1 p\r$     

sl[ly f a dipp] until r$ness set 91 has 
add$ m>k$ly to 8 spirits1 muscul>       
activity & dige/ive capacity4 ,x causes 
scream+ at ! mom5t1 b an in/ant lat]1 z 
?ree ,turki% t[els are wrapp$ closely   
ab\t him1 8 exub]ance is delightful to  
see4 ,co9cid5tly he has tak5 up a       
select$ diet ( solid food1 includ+      
*ocolate & cook$ fruits1 & w h b "o nap1
 ?\gh (t5 t is a long "o4  ,z ! *ild is 
work+ out ( babyhood1 e day c\nt+ 7z no 
day ( half illness 9 *ildhood c c\nt71 &
 well into boyhood1 ! s+le pr9ciple     
already outl9$1 ( leav+ ! little        
individuality to e/abli% its own        
activities & socialities1 seems         
suffici5t1 z ! illu/rations app5d$1 ,i  
believe1 prove4 ,d\btless a *ild t is n1
 day aft] day1 enjoy+1 & (t5 ?rill$ by  
heal? & life1 z ?is little boy is1 a    
*ild n br\ght up 9 an unbrok5 cam>ad]ie 
) bo? p>5ts1 su* z he has _h1 &         
p>ticul>ly a *ild n hav+ ! s5d-(f ( tru/
 & amiable impulse :i* he receiv$ be=e 8
 bir?1 c\ld n be left to blossom 9 su*  

wild-fl[] /yle4 ,ugly1 sulky or /reaky  
conduct1 jump+ p]v]sely out 9 place (   
good *e]1 we h nev] _h to deal )4 ,9    
fact1 we h nev] be5 able to detect !    
slighte/ res5tm5t imm$iately aft] puni%+
 him = tak+ =bidd5 articles1 or = rais+ 
an outcry ov] be+ d5i$ sundry ?+s he    
want$4 ,8 cry+ :5 puni%$ is t ( pure    
grief1 & he is ready at once to ne/le   
d[n "u ! h& t _h spatt$ disapproval1 to 
be com=t$1 resum+ good spirits two or   
?ree m9utes lat] on4 ,9 ! ma91 simply   
,no1 no6 f ei!r p>5t1 has suffic$ to /op
 him 9 ! beg9n+s ( mis*ief1 sometimes   
result+ 9 *e]ful desi/+1 & sometimes 9 a
 little ( :at we call ! griev$ cry4 ,b  
?is1 too1 if x becomes l\d or insi/5t1 c
 be hu%$ by ano!r ,no1 no1 & enable him 
to rega9 control ( himself4 ,) ?is      
rega9$ self-control has always come     
gratefulness = aid 9 ! matt]1 z ev9c$ by
 extra sweetness & brightness imm$iately
 aft]1 & eag] resumption ( "s "o or o!r 
( 8 plays or calls ) "o or bo? ( u4 ,?is
 may be :at is kn[n z discipl9e4 ,x     

always br+s a smile to our faces1 h[ev]4
  ,)\t a break ( m ?an a day or two at a
 "t1 we h be5 able to be equally ne> him
 all ! :ile1 & divide up ab\t equally ! 
matt]s ( ba?+1 fe$+1 dress+ & undress+  
him4 ,! conv5tional e/imate ( ^? /&+    
ne>e/ to a *ild (1       #a--,"m1       
#b--,nurse1      #c--,tea*]1            
#d--,s]vants & playmates1      #e--,old]
 bro!r or si/]1      #f--;,fa!r--! man  
beh9d ! newspap]1  c]ta9ly does n apply 
"h4 ,:5 ,i am abs5t = f ?ree to six h\rs
 8 uneas9ess sets 91 & gr[s /rong] &    
/rong]1 end+ 9 repeat$ exp$itions to a  
%ort di/ance along ! road1 :]e he /&s & 
calls ,vag]1 ,vag]1 7,fa!r1 ,fa!r17 at  
fir/ hopefully1 !n prote/+ly1 &         
sometimes at la/ ) indignation or te>s4 
,:5 ,i return--& he li/5s & cat*es !    
fir/ di/ant s\nd ( ho(s1 or :eels1 or   
:9ny ( ! left-at-home colts1 or voice1  
or op5+ gate--an eag]1 beam+ face       
welcomes me f gate or doorway1 or ev5   
sev]al rods d[n ! beat5 sn[ on ! road4  
,once back1 ?+s are all "r 9 8 little   

doma9 aga91 & he goes on1 )\t special   
att5tion to me1 9 8 s]ies ( occupations 
& plays4  ,i say occupations4 ,!y are   
no?+ else to him2 s]i\s matt]s t he goes
 ab\t accompli%+4 ,he is at 8 be/ :5 he 
c help 8 "m at h] "w--bl[+ ! fire1 br++ 
h] k9dl+1 h&+ h] clo!sp9s "o by "o z %e 
ne$s !m1 %utt+ or op5+ doors on reque/1 
pick+ up articles f ! floor4 ,b !re are 
_m h\rs cont9u\sly :5 he is left to 8   
own devices1 :i* are num]\s1 ?\gh _m (  
!m he goes ?r\gh daily1 su* z fe$+ !    
cat1 visit+ 8 little si/]1 empty+ &     
refill+ ! wall-pockets1 collect+ 8      
blocks1 & fi%+ articles (f ! table ) a  
long /ick4 ,he has le>n$1 untaught1 to  
get a clo? to op5 ! /ove door ) & save  
burn$ f+]s2 to get & br+ clean diap]s to
 8 "m :5 he wi%es a *ange2 to /oop & lap
 wat] out ( ! pail2 to /& by 8 b$ & po9t
 up at x :5 wi%+ 8 mid-day nap2 to      
retreat to a d>k corn] & drape 8        
h&k]*ief ov] 8 head = a brief p]iod     
t[>ds ! close ( a day1 9 lieu ( !       
disc>d$ second nap2 to scoop bread or   

biscuit out ( a pail hung above 8 rea*1 
) an iron spoon2 to lasso pea*es t[>d   
him ) a cord1 said pea*es be+ 9 pan on !
 floor j beyond :]e he c\ld rea* f a    
little gate sep>at+ ! kit*5 &           
sitt+-room4 ,none ( ^! ?+s has be5      
taught him4 ,no?+ :atev] has be5 taught 
him1 & especially no words & no tricks4 
,he inv5ts or does )\t1 9 all           
non-ess5tial matt]s1 9 regul> ,sp>tan   
/yle4 ,s1 9 pursuit ( 8 own und]tak+s1  
he r>ely asks = :at he w\ld h2 j tries &
 tries1 day aft] day1 until he succe$s  
or is beat54 ,b z he is at "s new act or
 plan mu* ( ! "t :5 left to himself1 he 
has1 we are satisfi$1 indep5d5tly atta9$
 to m ( *ildi% accompli%m5t ?an ! mo/   
incessant tea*+ processes c\ld h        
effect$4 ,9 do+ :at he does d1 =        
in/ance1 9 c]ta9 climb+ feats1 he has   
sl[ly work$ up to1 he is bo? cauti\s &  
sure2 he r>ely tumbles & nev] loses 8   
confid5ce4 ,?us = ! pa/ two days he has 
a*iev$ ! feat ( climb+ up & /&+ erect on
 a little box f\rte5 in*es high1 :]e he 

calls & %\ts & ro>s to u 8 ec/acy ov] ! 
matt] = t5 m9utes at a "t4 ,today only  
he has f\nd out h[ to get d[n alone4    
,contra/ is tak5 "h ) ! frequ5t falls & 
wail+s ( *ildr5 :o are fir/ p]suad$ into
 attempts ( v>i\s sorts1 b h n work$ out
 a real p]sonal ma/]y ( giv5 acts =     
!mselves4  ,he has q a vocabul>y n[ ( 8 
own inv5tion4 ,! mean+s ( ^! t]ms we h  
le>n$ mo/ly1 & use !m to him4 ,( our    
vocabul>y he und]/&s ! mean+s ( a l>ge  
numb] ( ! words = ?+s 9 :i* he is       
int]e/$1 =ty or fifty n\ns1 & a doz5    
v]bs1 p]haps4 ,he s+s to 8 "m1 & n[ & !n
 to me1 rude imitations ( ! songs he has
 he>d u s+1 & 8 "m he r\ghly            
accompanies4 ,8 inflections ( voice h   
develop$ to ! po9t ( entirely express+  
_m ( 8 emotions2 :ile 8 expressions (   
face are z mu* beyond ^! z ! inflections
 are beyond 8 /ock ( ,engli%--ab\t sev5 
words1 & ^? requir+ "s exig5cy to br+   
out4  ,all ?is pleases u1 because we    
truly want him to become ri* 9 8 own    
life1 to subsi/ & gr[ 9 8 own home-made 

l9es ( feel+ & ?\ght2 & n to le>n words1
 p>rot-l1 be=e he has ! ?\ght =m$1 &    
se>*+1 ev5 /ruggl+1 = a means by :i* to 
convey itself4 ,x is de>? ( int]nal     
life1 emotion & unaid$ ?\ght t is 9 ne$ 
( repl5i%m5t 9 ! av]age "y p]son1 n lack
 ( ,engli% diction>y t]ms = ?+s t c be  
talk$ ab\t1 b are evid5tly n intr9sic & 
p]sonal4                                
,c4 ,w4 ,,lyman1 ,m4 ,d4  ,new ,ca/le1  
,col4     ,,notes4   ,w> & ,p>5tage4  ,9
 ! int]e/s ( unborn *ildr5 we %\ld1 s f>
 z possible1 remove f ! _w ^? causes    
:i*1 act+ on ! "m1 ei!r directly or     
indirectly1 may injure !m by l[]+ ! /&>d
 ( _! heal?1 or by alt]+ & debas+ _!    
moral & intellectual natures4 ,"o ( !   
mo/ pot5t ( ! causes = h>m is w>4 ,w>   
has g5]ally be5 reg>d$ z "o ( ! ennobl+ 
pr(essions4 ,if we look ^u x 9 its mo/  
favorable light1 all t we c say 9 its   
favor is t among primitive & b>b>\s     
races x has p]haps result$ 9 !          
pres]vation & spread ( ! mo/ capable    
ones1 & t x has at ! same "t weld$ !m   

toge!r into l>g] gr\ps1 & f9ally into   
nations1 & habituat$ !m to ^? re/ra9ts  
:i* are necess>y to social exi/5ce2 b we
 no long] require x = ?is purpose1 & !  
indu/rial pursuits & ! evolution (      
civilization are s di/urb$ by !m t !y   
%\ld cease1 & especially %\ld !y cease 9
 ! int]e/ ( our *ildr51 bo? born &      
unborn4  ,h[ c w> injure *ildr58 ,we h  
already %[n 9 ! *apt] on ,pr5atal       
,culture t :5 ! "m is "u ! influ5ce (   
any p[]ful m5tal emotion1 su* z fe>1    
depression1 ang] & simil> passions dur+ 
! mon?s 9 :i* ! *ild is be+ develop$ 9  
h] womb1 !re is v great dang] ( p]man5t 
injury to x4 ,only ! /ronge/ mo!rs1 ^? )
 ! mo/ robu/ heal?1 or :o h ! mo/ /able 
n]ves1 ^? :o are r>ely ?r[n (f _!       
balance1 are capable ( resi/+ ! int5se  
excitem5ts to :i* !y are subject dur+ "s
 ( ! phases ( w>4  ,z ,i m5tion$ 9 my   
e>ly "w on ,m>riage & ,p>5tage1         
,esquirol1 a ,fr5* hi/orian1 gives      
details ( a consid]able numb] ( cases ( 
*ildr5 born soon aft] "s ( ! sieges ( ! 

,fr5* ,revolution1 :i* 7 weakly1 n]v\s &
 idiotic1 on acc\nt ( ! t]rible /ra9 to 
:i* _! mo!rs _h be5 subject$4 ,9 e w>   
:]e a city is besieg$1 ev5 if its wom5 &
 *ildr5 are s5t away1 !y _c be altoge!r 
free f anxieties & m5tal /ra9s ( a mo/  
un:olesome nature1 & if "s ( !m are soon
 to become mo!rs1 ! (fspr+ n yet born   
mu/ suff]4 ,no "o c e/imate ! va/ numb] 
( *ildr5 injur$ "u su* conditions 9 !   
ages pa/4 ,!y h be5 only incid5tally    
ref]r$ to 9 hi/ory4 ,! fame & glory (   
conqu]ors mu/ n be dimm$ by ! relation (
 su* occurr5ces4  ,joseph ,a4 ,all51 9  
,! ,*ri/ian ,regi/]1 gives ! results (  
"s ( 8 obs]vations :i* be> on ?is       
subject4 ,he says3  ,s mu* is be+ said  
ab\t w> & its effects1 t ,i am prompt$  
to s5d y ! result ( my obs]vations4  ,i 
0 9 *>ge ( ! ,massa*usetts ,/ate ,re=m  
,s*ool = sev]al ye>s1 :5 e inmate 7!re 7
 betwe5 ?ree & f\r hundr$7 0 born be=e !
 ,civil ,w>--dur+ ! "t ( ! great        
anti-slav]y agitation1 :i* did s mu* to 
educate ! moral s5se ( ! p4  ,i 0 aga9 9

 *>ge ( ! same in/itution :5 e inmate 0 
born dur+1 or soon aft] ! w>1 :5 ! mo!rs
 7 read+1 talk+ & dream+ ( battles1 & ( 
husb&s1 fa!rs or bro!rs :o _h gone to ! 
w>4  ,i f\nd z great a diff]5ce 9 ! "* (
 ^? inmates born be=e & aft] ! ,civil   
,w> z exi/s betwe5 a civiliz$ & a savage
 nation4  ,^? "u my c>e ! second "t 7   
mu* m difficult to control1 m qu>relsome
 & defiant1 less will+ to "w or /udy4 ,!
 crimes = :i* !y 7 s5t5c$ 7 z diff]5t z 
_! *>act]s4  ,x 0 n uncommon = !m to be 
s5t5c$ = break+ & ent]+ ) deadly        
weapons4  ,?is diff]5ce 0 n conf9$ to   
inmates ( re=m s*ools1 b x 0 manife/    
?r\gh\t all classes4  ,aft] ! w> crimes 
increas$ rapidly4 ,9 ,bo/on g>rot+ 0    
common1 & 0 only *eck$ by ,judge        
,russell s5t5c+ all su* subjects to !   
full ext5t ( ! law4  ,be=e ! close ( !  
,civil ,w> ! ,/ate ,prison at ,*>le/[n1 
"u ,mr4 ,gideon ,haynes1 01 accord+ to  
,dr4 ,d4 ,c4 ,w9es1 ,d4 ,d41 ! model    
prison ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,s9ce t "t x  
has be5 almo/ impossible to ma9ta9 prop]

 discipl9e1 ow+1 no d\bt1 to ! m        
desp]ate "* ( ! inmates4  ,let u try to 
trace ^! effects back to _! causes1 &   
prove1 if possible1 t :atsoev] a man 7or
 nation7 s[e?1 t %all x also reap4  ,b  
!re are o!r ways 9 :i* w> militates     
aga9/ ! noble/ mo!rhood4 ,camp life is a
 s*ool = vice & pro/itution4 ,9 ,camp   
,*ickamauga1 :i* is a sample ( !m all1  
dur+ ! w> ) ,spa9 on acc\nt ( ,cuba1 !  
am\nt & bas5ess ( ! pro/itution by !    
soldi]s1 ) bo? black & :ite wom51 exce$$
 description4 ,9 a s+le day =ty-"o cases
 ( specific disease appli$ to !         
physicians at ! hospitals = treatm5t4   
,^! ?+s 7 n report$ 9 ! daily pap]s2 !y 
7 too vile4 ,! place 0 a hot-b$ ( vice1 
r ?an a s*ool ( virtue & patriotism4 ,9 
all ,european armies x is ! same4 ,9    
times ( peace1 soldi]s f ! highe/ to !  
l[e/ 9 rank1 insi/ t facility %all be   
all[$ !m = ! gratification ( _!         
passional natures4 ,! (fic]s1 n be+     
p]mitt$ to m>ry unless !y or _! wives h 
a c]ta9 income1 keep _! mi/resses1 & n a

 female s]vant ne> a camp is safe4 ,!   
immoral influ5ces "h g5]at$ spread      
?r\gh\t society1 l[] ! /&>d ( morals    
among bo? m5 & wom5 9 private life1 &   
jeop>dize ! int]e/s ( *ildr5 born or    
unborn1 morally & intellectually1 z well
 z physically4  ,b !re is ano!r view4   
,great /&+ armies1 says ! ,cz> (        
,russia1 9 8 note to ! ,p[]s1 are       
trans=m+ ! arm$ p[] ( our day into a    
cru%+ burd5 :i* ! p h m & m difficulty 9
 be>+4  ,t is to say1 ! tax impos$ ^u ! 
individuals ( any nation to support its 
army paup]izes or keeps on ! v]ge (     
pov]ty a l>ge portion ( ! race4 ,x is   
w>1 f> m ?an any o!r cause1 :i* has     
creat$ ! burd5 ( taxation4 ,9 "s        
,european c\ntries almo/ e man c>ries a 
soldi] or sailor on 8 back1 t is1 he mu/
 labor n only to support himself &      
family1 b a soldi] or sailor :o devotes 
8 life to a murd]\s pr(ession4 ,is ?is n
 a griev\s burd5 :i* cripples or        
p>alyzes 8 life & reacts on 8 (fspr+8   
,n[1 ! pov]ty caus$ by ?is burd5 is a   

s]i\s ob/acle to ! production & tra9+ ( 
! "y1 & especially is ?is ! case 9 ! m  
popul\s c\ntries--,france1 ,spa9 &      
,italy are examples4 ,^! l&s 7 once !   
mo/ p[]ful 9 ,europe2 !y are s no long]4
 ,!y glori$ 9 w>1 & sp5t imm5se sums (  
money ^u _! armies & burd5$ ! p ) taxes 
:i* %\ld h be5 res]v$ = ! use ( fa!rs & 
mo!rs 9 educat+ & provid+ = ! ne$s ( _! 
(fspr+4 ,w> has cru%$ out ! be/ life (  
^! c\ntries1 & o!r nations :i* foll[ 9 !
 same pa? w 9 ! end come to a simil>    
fate4 ,!y may hold out a long "t1 b n   
=ev]4 ,! mills ( ,gods gr9d sl[ly1 b !y 
gr9d exce$+ small4  ,x is because w> is 
an enemy to ! highe/ mo!rhood t wom5    
%\ld array !mselves aga9/ x4 ,x is "o ( 
! greate/ foes to ! developm5t & welf>e 
( ! *ildr5 !y love s well4 ,wom5 %\ld   
insi/ t all gov]nm5ts %\ld settle _!    
diff]5ces by peaceful r ?an by w>like   
means4 ,! indu/rial age may h its       
difficulties1 b !y are n insurm\ntable4 
,9 x ! fa!rs & mo!rs may h ! "t & !     
means to /udy & le>n h[ to improve !    

race ?r\gh a wis] p>5tage4 ,i believe t 
?\ghtful wom51 :5 !y come to see ! evils
 ( w> 9 _! true light1 z !y h se5 !     
evils ( pro/itution & intemp]ance1 w be 
its greate/ foes4   ,cases ( ,pr5atal   
,influ5ces4  ,alfr$ ,russell ,wallace   
gives 9 ,nature a few cases ( pr5atal   
influ5ces s5t him by 8 correspond5ts4 ,!
 fir/ exp]i5ce is f a "m resid+ 9       
,au/ralia4 ,%e writes3  ,i c trace 9 !  
"* ( my fir/ *ild1 a girl n[ tw5ty-two  
ye>s ( age1 a special aptitude = sew+1  
economical contriv+ & cutt+ out1 :i*    
came to me z a new exp]i5ce :5 liv+ 9 ! 
c\ntry among new surr\nd+s1 & /rict     
economy be+ necess>y1 ,i began to try to
 sew = ! com+ baby & myself4 ,i also    
trace h] great love ( hi/ory to my /udy 
( ,fr\de dur+ t p]iod4 ,h] o!r ta/es =  
art & lit]ature are di/9ctly h]$it>y4   
,9 ! case ( my second *ild1 also a      
daught]1 ,i hav+ int]e/$ myself prior to
 h] bir? 9 lit]>y pursuits1 ! result has
 be5 a mu* acut] =m ( intellig5ce1 :i*  
at six ye>s old enabl$ h] to read &     

enjoy ! ballads :i* ,t5nyson 0 !n giv+  
to ! _w1 & :i* at ! age ( b>ely tw5ty   
ye>s all[$ h] to take h] degree z ,b4   
,a4 ( ! ,sydney ,univ]sity4  ,be=e !    
?ird *ild1 a boy1 0 born1 ! curr5t ( our
 lives _h *ang$ a little4 ,visits to my 
own family & a *ange ( resid5ce to a    
di/ant colony1 :i* involv$ a long       
j\rney1 z well z ! "w incid5tal to su*  
*anges1 toge!r ) ! c>e ( my two old]    
*ildr51 absorb$ all my "t & ?\ghts1 &   
left little or no leisure = /udi\s      
pursuits4 ,my occupations 7 m me*anical 
?an at any o!r "t previ\s4 ,?is boy does
 n inh]it ! /udi\s ta/es ( 8 si/]s at   
all4 ,he is intellig5t & possesses mo/ (
 ! qualifications :i* w probably conduce
 to success 9 life1 b he pref]s any k9d 
( out-door "w or h&icraft to /udy4 ,_h  
,i be5 z alive !n z ,i am n[ to !       
importance ( ^! !ories1 ,i %\ld h       
endeavor$ to gu>d aga9/ ?is possibility2
 z x is1 ,i always feel t x is1 p]haps1 
my fault t "o ( ! greate/ pleasures (   
life has be5 deb>r$ to him4  ,b ,i mu/ n

 we>y y by s _m p]sonal details1 & ,i   
tru/ y w n suspect me ( vanity 9 ?us    
br++ my own *ildr5 "u y\r notice4       
,suffice x to say t 9 e in/ance ,i c1 & 
d1 con/antly trace :at o!rs might t]m   
co9cid5ces1 b :i* appe> to me no?+ b    
cause & effect 9 _! sev]al developm5ts4 
,mr4 ,wallace !n gives extracts f o!r   
correspond5ts z foll[s3  ,mrs4 ,b----   
says3 ,i c trace1 nay1 h trac$ 79 secret
 amusem5t (t571 some?+ 9 e *ild ( m9e4  
,be=e ! bir? ( my elde/ girl ,i took to 
orni?ology1 = "w & amusem5t1 & did a    
great deal 9 taxid]my1 too4 ,at ! age ( 
?ree ye>s ,i f\nd ?is y\ng/] tak+ su*   
insects & little animals z %e c\ld f9d1 
& puzzl+ me ) h>d que/ions z to :at 0   
inside ( !m4 ,lat] on %e us$ to be se5 )
 a small knife1 work+ & dissect+ clev]ly
 & ) mu* c>e & skill at _! insides4 ,"o 
day %e br\ght me ! t9ie/ he>t ( ! t9ie/ 
liz>d y c imag9e1 s small t ,i _h to    
exam9e x ?r\gh a glass1 ?\gh %e saw x   
)\t any artificial aid4 ,by "s means %e 
got a "y wallaby1 & made an apron ) a   

pocket inside :i* %e us$ to call h]     
'p\*4' ,?is /udy ( natural hi/ory is    
/ill ( int]e/ to h]1 ?\gh %e lacks "t & 
opportunities4 ,/ill1 %e always does a  
little dissect+ if %e gets a *ance4     
,,ano!r ,,case4--,i nev] notic$ any?+   
ab\t ,p---- = "s ye>s4 ,?ree mon?s be=e 
he 0 born a fri5d1 :om ,i w call ,smi?1 
0 badly hurt1 & 0 br\ght to my h\se to  
be nurs$4 ,i turn$ out ! nurs]y & he lay
 !re = ?ree mon?s4 ,i nurs$ him until ,i
 c\ld d s no long]1 & !n took lodg+s 9  
t[n = my conf9em5t4 ,n[ aft] all ^! ye>s
 ,i h discov]$ h[ ?is surgical nurs+ has
 left its m>k4 ,! boy is 9 8 elem5t :5  
he c be ( use 9 cases ( accid5t1 etc4   
,he said to me q lately3 ',h[ ,i wi% y  
_h made a surgeon ( me6' ,!n all at once
 x fla%$ 9 ^u me1 b1 alas6 x 0 too late 
to rem$y ! mi/ake4  ,be=e ! bir? ( !    
?ird *ild ,i pass$ t5 ( ! happie/ mon?s 
( my life4 ,we _h a nice h\se1 "o side (
 :i* 0 cov]$ ) clo? ( gold roses &      
b\ga9villea1 a g>d5 ) pl5ty ( fl[]s1 & a
 v9ey>d4 ,"h we liv$ an idyllic life1 & 

did no?+ b fi%1 cat* butt]flies & pa9t  
!m4 ,at lea/ my husb& pa9t$ !m aft] ,i  
_h caught !m & mix$ 8 colors4 ,at ! end 
( ?is "t ,l---- 0 born4 ,?is *ild excels
 9 arti/ic tal5t ( _m k9ds2 no?+ comes  
amiss to h]1 & %e draws rem>kably well4 
,%e is ( a bright gay disposition1 f9d+ 
mu* happ9ess 9 life1 ev5 ?\gh n always  
plac$ 9 ! mo/ =tunate surr\nd+s4  ,be=e 
! bir? ( my next *ild1 ,n----1 a        
daught]1 ,i _h a bad "t4 ,my husb& fell 
ill ( fev]1 & ,i _h to nurse him )\t    
help or assi/ance ( any k9d4 ,we _h also
 losses by floods4 ,i don't "k h[ ,i got
 ?r\gh t ye>1 b ,i _h no "t = read+4    
,n---- is ! mo/ prud5t1 economical girl 
,i "k4 ,%e is a spl5did h\sekeep] & a   
good cook1 & w "w till %e drops2 has no 
ta/e = read+1 b seems to ga9 k by       
suction4 ,su* cases are s num]\s t !y   
%\ld be collect$ & sci5tifically /udi$4 
,luxury & ,p>5tage4  ,9 all ages (      
luxury1 f9e ladies try to avoid         
mat]nity4 ,!y dete/ x 9 !ory only1 =    
wom5 are controll$ by ! in/9ct ( ! race4

 ,9 ! circles ( :i* we are speak+1 !    
in/9cts ( ! race = *ildr5 h vani%$4     
,life has lo/ its s]i\s mean+4          
,responsibility ( any k9d is a m]e      
nuisance1 & ! idea ( br++ up a new life1
 ) all its bonds & its *>m1 is z        
repellant z ! idea ( a new bonnet is    
entic+4 ,= su* wom5 ! _w has no use4    
,beautiful1 9 ! great s5se1 !y are n4   
,incapable1 9 any great way1 ( ei!r lov+
 or be+ lov$1 !y are at be/ ! pa9t$     
bubbles on ! /ream ( life4 ,su* wom5 w  
always be f> inf]ior z mo!rs1 & less    
capable ( br++ into ! _w noble (fspr+   
?an ^? wom5 9 ! humble walks ( life :o  
live naturally1 :o love ! family ties & 
are fond ( ! "y4  ,great mo!rs mu/ h a  
c]ta9 sort ( h>dihood :i* comes f a wise
 physical culture1 n necess>ily an      
artificial "o1--a life 9 ! op5 air1 & ! 
avoidance ( all social dissipation4     
,deg5]acy ( ! ,brea/s & ,mo!rhood4  ,a  
sign ( deg5]acy is po9t$ out by ,heg>1  
:o appeals to "y m5 on behalf ( po/]ity 
to *oose = wives wom5 ) well-develop$   

brea/s2 he quotes /ati/ics to prove     
inability to nurse a *ild a sign (      
deg5]acy :i* produces deg5]acy 9 !      
(fspr+4 ,among o!r facts he po9ts out t 
9 a di/rict ( 8 k1 :i* supplies a l>ge  
numb] ( wet nurses to ! city1 ! p]c5tage
 ( m5 incapable ( milit>y s]vice am\nts 
to #cj p] c5t41 :ile 9 ! neighbor+      
di/ricts1 :]e ! mo!rs rema9 at home ) _!
 families1 x is only #ah p] c5t4 ,he    
rem>ks ^u ! surpris+ numb] ( de=m$      
nipples enc\nt]$ 9 ! hospitals4 ,fehl+  
m5tions holl[ nipples z occurr+ 9 #f4g (
 8 ob/etric cases4 ,he w>ns mo!rs n to  
all[ ! clo?+ to con/rict ! gr[+ brea/s (
 _! daught]s1 & urges g5]al hygi5e z !  
be/ me?od to develop !m4  ,9 ?is        
connection ! "q may be ask$1 ,is x      
possible = wom5 ) defective brea/s to   
become mo!rs ( a virile race ( m5 &     
/rong wom54 ,9 mo/ cases x is n4 ,a     
defect 9 ?is "p ( _! nature is evid5ce (
 a weak5$ con/itution4 ,x may be said1 t
 ! brea/s d n always develop be=e       
m>riage & p>5tage4 ,?is is true1 & if ! 

heal? is robu/1 & ! con/itution &       
ance/ry good1 ! "m w1 9 mo/ cases1 be   
able to nurse h] *ild4 ,if x is kn[n 9  
advance t su* _c be ! case1 & x may     
g5]ally be kn[n1 !n ! responsibilities (
 mo!rhood %\ld be und]tak5 ) ! great]   
precaution4 ,9 mod]n times we h f> bett]
 means ( br++ up *ildr5 by h& ?an =m]ly4
 ,/ill1 a "m able to nurse h] own *ildr5
 %\ld always be pref]r$4   ,location (  
,bir?4  ,9 ,man*e/]1 ,engl&1 9 #ahib1   
#cg1fgd boys out ( e #ajj1jjj di$ be=e  
!y rea*$ _! fif? ye>4 ,9 heal?y di/ricts
 only #ag1cad out ( #ajj1jjj di$4 ,ab\t 
! same condition prevails 9 o!r places4 
,! lesson x tea*es u is1 t we %\ld *oose
 a heal?y region 9 :i* to live if we    
w\ld re> ! heal?ie/ (fspr+4             
,evolution4  ,?is ^w means progress &   
progress implies improvem5t1 )\t :i* !re
 c\ld be no evolution2 b improvem5t ( ! 
human race w n be fur!r possible unless 
! m>riage relation is reg>d$ f a high]  
/&-po9t ?an t ( sexual indulg5ce4  ,!   
practical sup]iority ( man ov] animals  

consi/s 9 8 k ( ! aim ( 8 conduct4      
,animals ex]cise ! reproductive function
 in/9ctively at p>ticul> seasons1 b man 
kn[+ly always2 & ?us1 unless ! latt]    
subord9ates 8 passion to reason he is   
worse ?an a brute1 z he kn[s himself to 
be su*4  ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ! *a/e      
m>riage ( affection & ! un*a/e m>riage (
 passion1 is analog\s to t betwe5       
education & in/ruction1 z expla9$ by    
,eld] ,evans ( ! ,%ak] ,community4      
,in/ruction imp>ts k1 su* z is associat$
 9 ,ea/]n lore ) ! sexual passion1 b    
education embraces ! :ole disposition1  
:i* is r5d]$ m beautiful & spiritual    
?r\gh a m>riage ( *a/ity1 & z ?us       
affect$ is transmitt$ to ! (fspr+1 :o   
exhibit ! disposition ( _! p>5ts at ! "t
 ( conception4 ,sexual excess n only    
t5ds to produce (fspr+ ( a weakly       
con/itution1 b x int]f]es ) ! organic   
gr[? ( ! p>5ts4 ,x is z wa/eful z burn+ 
a c&le at bo? ends at ! same "t4  ,p>5ts
 %\ld be> 9 m9d t ! m5tal plan on :i* _!
 *ildr5 %all beg9 life1 dep5ds on !     

desire by :i* !y are gov]n$ :5 !y beget 
_! (fspr+2 & z desire dep5ds on         
disposition1 !y %\ld aim at requir+     
h>mony ( "* & conduct4  ,if we ?9k less 
( ourselves & m ( ! race to :i* we      
belong1 we %all h a bett] *ance (       
improv+ bo? ourselves & ! race z        
repres5t$ 9 our (fspr+4  ,we are all    
memb]s ( a great organism1 :i* is       
con/itut$ by ! :ole ( human k9d1 pa/1   
pres5t & future1 & x is our duty to act 
9 su* a mann] t ! :ole %all be b5efit$  
by our conduct2 :i* x _c be if we are   
c>eless z to our own disposition or z to
 ! "* ( our (fspr+4  ,our ,aryan        
ance/ors 7 consci\s ( _! duty t[>ds !   
race1 & probably to ?is fact 0 l>gely   
due ! high physical developm5t ! :ite   
race atta9$4 ,only by act+ 9 _! _s c we 
hope to ma9ta9 ! race at its high level 
or prev5t its det]ioration & decay4  ,! 
important influ5ce :i* ! gratification (
 ! sexual impulse has _h ov] !          
developm5t ( ! ae/hetic side ( ,nature  
has be5 (t5 insi/$ on2 & !re is no      

reason :y its gratification %\ld n be   
att5d$ also ) ! developm5t ( ! highe/   
m5tal qualities1 if ^! are made use ( 9 
! =mation & ex]cise ( ! m>riage         
relations betwe5 ! sexes4--,c4 ,,/anil& 
,,wake4   ,too ,little ,fa!rhood4  ,!   
mod]n *ild is ?reat5$ n ) too mu* "m b )
 too little fa!r1 & ?is dang] is        
height5$ by ! sudd5 release ( womanhood 
f ! ban ( conv5tionality & ( ! dom9e]+  
p[] ( physical =ce4 ,let h] n too       
readily accept z complim5t>y to h]self !
 *ur*'s adoration ( ,m>y4 ,woman is made
 ( no pur] /uff ?an man1 h] companion1  
man h] fa!r4 ,%e _c transmit f h] own   
ve9s or h] companion's ve9s any pur]    
life /uff1 any f9] impulse to h] daught]
 ?an %e does to h] son4 ,we ne$ m fa!rs 
9 ! home1 m m5 tea*]s 9 our public      
s*ools2 & if our homes & s*ools are n   
organiz$ s z to evoke & direct ?is      
mascul9e inve/m5t1 !n let !m be         
reorganiz$4 ,x is n true t mo!rs are    
peculi>ly ! div9ely appo9t$ tea*]s (    
*ildr51 t to !m is especially entru/$ ! 

intellectual or spiritual de/9ies ( !   
"y4 ,t argum5t is bas$ ^u ! analogies ( 
! pa/2 x is a rev]sion to primitive     
conditions1 an illu/ration ( ! law (    
atavism1 l ! return to six f+]s & toes 9
 "s p1 or ! re/oration 9 o!rs ( ! muscle
 t c move ! e>4 ,! highe/ rea*es (      
evolution po9t to a d\ble responsibility
 & a d\ble pot5cy4 ,9 ! int]e/ ( ! *ild1
 !n1 let u lift him out ( a "m rule into
 a fa!r & "m rule4 ,let ! home be girdl$
 ) mascul9e ord] & ju/ice z well z )    
fem99e love & t5d]ness4 ,let !re be     
/r5g? z well z t5d]ness4 ,let !re be 9 x
 m9d z well z he>t1 vigor z well z      
sympa?y4 ,all ^! are spiritual *ildr5   
:i* _c be born except 9 ! bi-sexual     
realm4--,,rev4 ,,j5k9 ,,lloyd ,,jones4  
,! ,flat-,head ,indians & ,h]$ity4      
,among/ ! r\nd-head tribes woman holds a
 high] position1 :]eas among/ !         
flat-heads %e is a m]e drudge4 ,9       
by-gone days x 0 common to see a        
tir$-look+ woman walk+ beh9d h] husb&   
c>ry+ a heavy load1 :ile he walk$ on    

be=e ) no?+4  ,aga91 ! r\nd-heads h a   
rem>kable my?ology1 :ile ! o!rs h a poor
 affair4  ,mr4 ,dean has in=m$ me t !   
flat-head1 :i* w\ld be an acquir$ "*1 is
 nev] transmitt$ to (fspr+--ano!r       
argum5t aga9/ ! ,lam>*ian !ory1 t       
acquir$ *>act]s are transmitt$4  ,t     
:atev] injures ! physical or            
intellectual heal? ( p>5ts t5ds to      
degrade _! (fspr+ has long be5 evid5t4  
,i ?9k we h a good race illu/ration (   
?is 9 ! effects ( flatt5+ & de=m+ !     
skulls ( *ildr5 among ! ,flat-,head     
,indians1 :o = c5turies foll[$ ?is      
prec$5t4 ,in=mation has be5 furni%$ me  
by special reque/ by ,mr4 ,james ,dean1 
( ,victoria1 ,b4 ,c41 be>+ on ?is po9t4 
,he writes3  ,among ! *ildr5 ! mortality
 seems to be great] ) ! tribes :i*      
flatt5 ! heads ( _! *ildr5 ?an 9 ^? :o d
 n4 ,i h long notic$ t !re is a v m>k$  
intellectual diff]5ce betwe5 !m4  ,!    
,hid]y tribes ( ,nor!rn ,briti%         
,columbia & ,s\!rn ,alaska1 :o nev]     
flatt5$ _! heads1 h long be5 fam\s = _! 

works ( art1 su* z elaborate c>v+s 9    
wood & /one4   ,sugge/ion z an ,aid 9 ! 
,tra9+ ( ,*ildr54  ,)9 a few ye>s an old
 subject1 t ( hypnotism1 =m]ly call$    
mesm]ism1 has receiv$ new att5tion "u ! 
"n ( sugge/ion1 or1 9 m$ical language1  
sugge/ive !rapeutics4 ,x 0 us$ 9 a rude 
way by ,mesm] 9 ! cure ( disease4 ,lat] 
x 0 employ$ mu* m effectively by ,braid 
& o!rs = ! same purpose1 & especially = 
! prev5tion ( pa9 9 surgical op]ations4 
,want ( space =bids our go+ into any    
ext5d$ hi/orical detail z to its        
application = ^! purposes1 b a few po9ts
 w be consid]$1 :i* be> on ! subject4   
,x 0 f\nd t :5 a p]son _h contract$ a   
bad habit1 z1 = in/ance1 smok+ or dr9k+1
 x c\ld (t5 be brok5 up by plac+ him 9 !
 mesm]ic sleep1 & tell+ him he w\ld no  
long] desire to cont9ue ! habit1 b w\ld 
ev5 loa! !m4 ,! habit ( suck+ ! ?umb1 a 
bad temp]1 ly+1 /eal+1 dullness & lack (
 ambition1 etc41 7 am5able to ?is       
treatm5t4 ,to illu/rate3 ,a boy fifte5  
ye>s old1 always at ! foot ( 8 class1 0 

put into ! hypnotic sleep1 & told t he  
w\ld be able to /udy h>d] & le>n 8      
lessons bett]1 s z to g to ! head4 ,?is 
0 cont9u$ daily = sev]al weeks1 &1 sure 
en\gh1 he accept$ ! sugge/ion1 &        
out/ripp$ e s*ol> 9 8 class1 & kept at !
 head s long z ^! means 7 us$2 b1       
un=tunately1 :5 !y 7 discont9u$ he      
relaps$ into 8 fir/ /ate4 ,! sugge/ions 
_h n be5 suffici5tly ?or\gh to take deep
 root1 & become a "p ( 8 nature1 z might
 h be5 ! case ) a bett] k z to h[ to use
 !m4 ,s long ago z 9 #ahib ,dr4         
,b]illon1 ,editor ( ,! ,revue de l'     
,hypnotism1 read a pap] be=e ! ,second  
,int]national ,congress ( ,exp]im5tal   
,psy*ology1 9 :i* he /at$ t he _h obs]v$
 ! b5eficial effects ( hypnotism 9      
education 9 "s #bej cases1 includ+ n]v\s
 insomnia1 night t]ror1 sleepwalk+1     
kleptomania1 /amm]+1 idl5ess1 fil?y     
habits1 c[>dice & moral del9qu5cy4 ,he  
also /at$ t o!r obs]v]s _h simil>       
exp]i5ce4 ,my fri5d1 ,dr4 ,b4 ,osgood   
,mason1 ( ,new ,york1 work+ on ! same   

l9es1 has _h simil> exp]i5ces4 ,i w     
quote a few illu/rative cases furni%$ by
 him4 ,! fir/ is ( a s*ool-girl fifte5  
ye>s ( age1 a pupil 9 "o ( !            
gramm>-s*ools ( ,new ,york--intellig5t 9
 _m ways2 a good read] ( su* books z    
int]e/$ h]--hi/ory1 biography1 & ! bett]
 class ( novels2 b = ! r\t9e ( s*ool    
/udies %e _h no aptitude1 & %e 0        
con/antly be+ left beh9d 9 h] classes4  
,%e c\ld n conc5trate h] m9d ^u details 
:i* did n specially int]e/ h]4 ,if %e   
succe$$ 9 le>n+ a lesson %e c\ld n      
rememb] x1 or if %e rememb]$ x until %e 
arriv$ at ! classroom1 :5 %e arose to   
recite1 x 0 in/antly gone2 h] m9d became
 a p]fect blank2 %e _h n a ^w to say1 & 
0 oblig$ to sit d[n 9 disgrace4 ,%e c\ld
 write a good composition1 b c\ld nev]  
/& up & read x be=e ! class4 ,tea*]s _h 
be5 engag$ to give h] special lessons1 s
 z to enable h] to pass h] prelim9>y    
exam9ation1 :i* w\ld all[ h] to come up 
= entrance to ! ,normal ,college4 ,aft] 
mon?s ( ef=t !y report$ to ! "m t x 0   

utt]ly useless to g on2 x 0 impossible =
 h] to pass h] prelim9>y exam9ation1 &  
!y did n ?9k x "r to take h] money )\t  
any su* expectation4 ,%e 0 !n br\ght to 
me to inquire if any?+ c\ld be done to  
help h]4 ,i propos$ hypnotic sugge/ion4 
,x 0 !n ,m>* #cj2 ! fir/ exam9ation 0 9 
,may4 ,i comm5c$ treatm5t at once4 ,!   
pati5t w5t into a quiet1 subjective     
condition1 ) clos$ eyes1 b did n lose   
consci\sness4 ,i sugge/$ t %e w\ld be   
able to conc5trate h] m9d ^u h] /udies2 
t h] memory w\ld be improv$2 t %e w\ld  
lose h] excessive self-consci\sness &   
timidity1 & 9 _! place %e w\ld h full   
confid5ce 9 h]self & be able to /& up   
be=e ! class & recite4 ,%e 0 kept 9 !   
hypnotic condition "o-half h\r at ea*   
treatm5t1 & ! same or simil> sugge/ions 
7 quietly b v positively made & repeat$ 
at int]vals dur+ t "t4 ,%e at once      
report$ improvem5t 9 h] ability bo? to  
/udy & recite4 ,%e _h six treatm5ts1 &  
on ,may #be %e report$ t1 greatly to !  
surprise ( h] tea*]s1 %e _h pass$ h]    

prelim9>y exam9ation ) a p]c5tage ( #gi1
 :i* entitl$ h] to come up = ! college  
exam9ation4 ,9 ,june %e pass$ h]        
exam9ation = entrance to ! ,normal      
,college ) a p]c5tage ( #hh2 ent]$ !    
,college & is at pres5t do+ well1 ?\gh !
 sugge/ions h n be5 repeat$ s9ce ,may4  
,ano!r case f ! same au?or 0 t ( a boy s
 bad z to be p]fectly unmanageable1 & 8 
temp] s outrage\s1 t 8 "m begg$ me to   
come to ! h\se & see if ,i c\ld d any?+ 
) him4  ,hav+ secur$ c>te blan*e =      
:atev] c\rse ,i *ose to pursue1 ,i w5t4 
,he 0 9 ! back room1 8 gr&mo!r urg+ him 
=w>d1 he kick+ & resi/+4 ,)\t speak+1 ,i
 w5t directly to him1 seiz$ him firmly  
by "o wri/1 & br\ght him topsy turvy    
?r\gh two int]v5+ rooms1 gave him a     
?or\gh %ak+1 & set him d[n viol5tly 9 a 
*air4 ,he smoo!d d[n 8 bang1 :imp]$ a   
little1 & gruffly rem>k$ t ,i _h rumpl$ 
8 hair4 ,i told him ,i _h n int5d$ to   
di/urb 8 hair1 b t z he _h nev] obey$   
anybody ,i _h come to ! h\se = ! express
 purpose ( mak+ him obey me1 & ,i %\ld  

mo/ c]ta9ly d x4 ,aft] a few mom5ts ,i  
said1 quietly1 ',n[ g & lie d[n on ! b$ 
9 ! next room4' ,he />t$1 walk+ t[>d !  
b$1 b :5 ne> x he set (f on a full run  
pa/ x & into ! back room4 ,i br\ght him 
back & aga9 ord]$ him to lie d[n on !   
b$4 ,he w5t t[>d x z if to obey1 b      
sudd5ly sprang "u x1 & clung to ! slats 
und]nea? ) h&s & feet1 & hung !re l a   
monkey4 ,i dislodg$ him1 pull$ him out1 
gave him a spank+1 & surpris$ him by    
toss+ him vigor\sly ^u ! b$1 ) ! comm&  
to lie !re quietly until ,i gave him    
p]mission to move4 ,he obey$4 ,pres5tly 
,i ord]$ him to g into ! front room &   
sit d[n aga9 9 ! *air he _h be=e        
occupi$4 ,aga9 he quietly obey$1 ,i     
said3 ',all "r2 n[ y und]/& y w obey me4
 ,i don't want to hurt y4 ,i want to be 
a good fri5d to y1 only y mu/ obey me4' 
,i !n 9 a pleasant way gave him a %ort  
lesson1 pictur+ to him v pla9ly ! c\rse 
( a boy su* z he 01 & :]e x w\ld be     
likely to end2 & also %[+ :at he might  
be if he w\ld *ange 8 c\rse4 ,i told him

 ,i %\ld be at ! h\se aga9 9 a day or   
two1 & ,i %\ld expect him to meet me    
pleasantly1 %ake h&s ) me1 & d :atev] ,i
 direct$ him4  ,next day !re came a     
telephone message begg+ me to come up2  
,m4 0 outrage\s aga94 ,i w5t4 ,he 0     
backw>d 9 greet+ me1 b at l5g? came &   
%ook h&s4 ,i aft]w>d le>n$ t !re _h n   
be5 ! slighte/ improvem5t 9 8 behavior2 
& ! cause ( 8 "m's s5d+ = me 0 8        
outrage\s conduct at ! table1 :51 9 a   
fit ( ang]1 he _h ?r[n a plate at 8     
gr&mo!r4 ,i talk$ to him pleasantly a   
mom5t1 & !n said v quietly1 ',n[ g & lie
 d[n on ! b$4' ,he did s at once4 ,i sat
 d[n beside him1 & tak+ 8 two ?umbs     
firmly 9 my h&s1 ,i said3 ',n[1 ,m41 ,i 
want y to look /eadily at t little /ud 9
 my %irt-front2 keep y\r eyes v /eadily 
fix$ ^u x4' ,he did s1 & ,i nev] secur$ 
bett] or m conc5trat$ att5tion f any    
pati5t4  ,9 five or six m9utes 8 eyelids
 quiv]$ & soon dropp$4 ,i clos$ !m1     
sugge/+ sleep2 & directly he 0 9 ! s\nd 
hypnotic sleep4 ,i !n pres5t$ ! two     

pictures aga9--! bad & ! good c\rse--&  
sugge/$ t !y w\ld always be pres5t1     
di/9ct 9 9 8 m9d1 t he w\ld dislike !   
wrong c\rse & desire to avoid x1 & *oose
 ! good "o4 ,i sugge/$ def9itely t he   
w\ld be k9d & consid]ate to 8 "m1 & obey
 h] z well z me4 ,i repeat$ ^!          
sugge/ions v positively1 let him sleep  
t5 m9utes1 & repeat$ !m aga91 & !n awoke
 him by c\nt+4  ,! effect ( ?is treatm5t
 0 v m>k$2 8 :ole mann] at home 0 *ang$1
 & he became comp>atively docile &      
manageable4  ,he came to my (fice = 8   
next treatm5t1 :i* 0 p]fectly           
successful4 ,i h giv5 him 9 all six     
treatm5ts1 & ! improvem5t has be5       
ma9ta9$ & increas$4 ,he is n yet by any 
means p]fect1 b 8 g5]al behavior is     
*ang$1 & ,i am sugge/+ su* def9ite      
improvem5ts 9 8 conduct1 & impress+ su* 
pictures ^u 8 m9d1 z ,i ?9k w help to   
develop 8 bett] nature & qualities4 ,he 
is a lov] ( fl[]s1 & on two occasions   
has br\ght "s ( 8 own *oos+ to me4 ,he  
has lo/ none ( 8 boyi%ness2 he is full (

 life2 is mis*iev\s1 play+ tricks ev5 ^u
 8 "m2 b he is affectionate & g5]ally   
ob$i5t4 ,8 w is n brok51 b he has       
self-control1 & he is f> m consid]ate ( 
o!rs ?an =m]ly4 ,9 %ort1 he is a fair   
example ( "o ( ! educational uses (     
hypnotism & sugge/ion4  ,! only o!r case
 ,i w quote is "o ( night t]rors4  ,a   
little girl1 five ye>s ( age1 w5t s\ndly
 to sleep :5 fir/ put to b$1 b aft] two 
or ?ree h\rs %e awoke scream+ & trembl+ 
) t]ror1 on acc\nt ( ! hide\s black man 
:om %e saw 9 h] dream4 ,! impression ( !
 dream 0 vivid & p]si/5t1 & h] screams  
kept ! h\sehold ar\s$ & al>m$ = h\rs e  
night1 & ?is /ate ( ?+s _h already      
cont9u$ = mon?s4 ,"o day1 :5 %e 0       
p]fectly bright & happy1 ,i plac$ h] 9  
h] high *air 9 front ( me2 put my h&s   
g5tly ^u h] %\ld]s1 & ask$ h] to look   
/eadily at a tr9ket easily 9 h] view1 & 
quiet$ h] ) passes & soo?+ t\*es until  
h] droop+ eyelids d5ot$ ! subjective    
condition4 ,i !n comm5c$ 9 a g5tle1     
s+-song mann] to sugge/ t %e w\ld g     

easily to sleep z usual at night1 b t %e
 w\ld h no frightful dreams2 t %e w\ld  
see ! dreadful black man no m1 b w\ld   
sleep quietly on ! :ole night ?r\gh4 ,x 
0 repeat$ ov] & ov] 9 ! same g5tle      
mann]4  ,t 0 a ye> ago2 %e has n se5 !  
black man s9ce1 & h] sleep & heal? h be5
 p]fect4 ,!re 0 no repetition ( !       
treatm5t4  ,f ^! few cases1 & _m n      
quot$1 x appe>s evid5t t we h 9         
hypnotism1 or sugge/ion1 an ag5t :i*1 :5
 fully und]/ood1 w be ( great usefulness
 to p>5ts 9 ! e>ly tra9+ ( *ildr54 ,t x 
%\ld be us$ wisely no "o w d5y4  ,! "q w
 naturally arise1 ,h[ is x t a sugge/ion
 to a *ild :ile passive or 9 ! hypnotic 
sleep is m effective ?an :5 awake4 ,!   
answ] is n s easy to give2 b x is       
possible t 9 ?is /ate ! sublim9al self1 
! high] self1 or1 p]haps1 ! spiritual   
nature is appeal$ to2 & z ! active1     
e-day nature1 ! consci\s self1 is n[    
dormant1 x receives ?is appeal m        
s]i\sly4 ,p]haps a quotation f ,pr(4    
,fr$]ic ,w4 ,h4 ,my]1 :o has giv5 !     

subject pr(\nd att5tion1 w help to make 
! subject cle>]4 ,he says3 ,9 wak+      
consci\sness ,i am l ! proprietor ( a   
factory ^: ma*9]y ,i d n und]/&4 ,my    
=eman1 my sublim9al self1 weaves = me s 
_m y>ds ( broadclo? p] diem 7my ord9>y  
vital processes71 z a matt] ( c\rse4 ,if
 ,i want any patt]n m complex1 ,i h to  
%\t my ord]s 9 ! d9 ( ! factory1 :]e    
only two or ?ree inf]ior workm5 he> me1 
& !y %ift _! looms 9 a small & scatt]$  
way4 ,su* are ! conf9$ & caprici\s      
results ( ! fir/1 ! m famili> /ages (   
hypnotic sugge/ion4  ,at c]ta9 int]vals1
 inde$1 ! =eman /ops mo/ ( ! looms1 &   
uses ! fre$ p[] to /oke ! eng9e & oil ! 
ma*9]y4 ,?is1 9 my metaphor1 is sleep2 &
 x w be effective hypnotic trance if ,i 
c get ! =eman to /op /ill m ( ! looms1  
come out ( 8 private room1 & att5d to my
 ord]s--my-self sugge/ions--= _! repair 
& re-arrangm5t4  ,to make ?is a little  
pla9]4 ,! sublim9al self1 ! =eman1 is ! 
"o :o manages ! ma*9]y ( ! n]v\s sy/em1 
& turns out ?is or t sort ( conduct or  

behavior 9 ! *ild1 or ! man or woman1 z 
he is told to turn out by ! consci\s    
self4 ,b 9 ! hypnotic trance ?is        
sublim9al self c take ord]s1 or         
sugge/ions1 = o!r k9ds ( conduct or     
behavior2 alt] ! action ( ! bra91 s z to
 make ano!r sort ( creature2 = he is n s
 occupi$ !n b t he c receive ^! ord]s4  
,z 9 ! kaleidescope1 ! pictures pres5t$ 
dep5d entirely on ! arrangem5t ( !      
pieces ( glass4 ,s 9 daily conduct1 "*  
dep5ds on ! comb9ation & activity ( !   
bra9 cells4 ,by sugge/ion 9 ! hypnotic  
/ate we are able1 to "s ext5t at lea/1  
to alt] ?is comb9ation s t new conduct  
is pres5t$4  ,! "q n[ arises1 ,h[ c !   
p>5t make use ( ?is ag5t 9 alt]+ !      
nature ( a *ild f "o t is n desirable to
 "o t is8 ,probably ! be/ way to proce$ 
w\ld be to take x :ile sleep+1 & make ! 
sugge/ion !n2 = ord9>y sleep is n       
diff]5t f hypnotic sleep1 except 9      
degree4 ,z ! *ild is 9 ! act ( go+ to   
sleep1 let ! "m1 or :oev] is to make !  
sugge/ion1 sit by its side1 take x by ! 

h& & g5tly soo! x ) pleasant words or   
music1 9 a firm b agreeable voice4 ,let 
h] say sl[ly3 ,n[ y are go+ to sleep1   
sleep1 sleep4 ,y w soon be sleep+       
sweetly4 ,h[ nice x is to sleep & re/   
our bodies s t we c feel well & /rong on
 ! com+ day4 ,?is sleep is go+ to d y a 
great deal ( good4 ,y w n h bad dreams4 
,y w n see ugly faces or wake up ) a    
fright4 ,tomorr[ y w wake up            
good-natur$1 full ( life1 & w be good   
boy 7or girl1 z ! case may be71 & d y\r 
be/ to make "m happy & pr\d ( y4 ,y w   
want to play & enjoy ! fre% air &       
sun%9e2 reli% y\r food2 n eat too mu*1  
etc41 etc41 accord+ to ! ne$s ( ! *ild4 
,if x is timid & fe>ful ( ?und]1 or     
dogs1 or horses1 or o!r h>mless ?+s1 y c
 say to x1 ,n[1 y w n be afraid any m ( 
?und] b l to he> x4 ,?is1 l all o!r     
sugge/ions1 mu/ be repeat$ sev]al times1
 s z to make an impression4 ,if afraid (
 /rang]s1 say1 n[1 y w n fe> m51 or     
p]sons y don't "k2 repeat+ x sl[ly ov] &
 ov] aga94 ,if ! *ild uses bad language1

 say1 ,n[ y w n want to use bad words   
any m1 & w be c>eful h[ y speak4 ,if x  
has a cold1 put ! h& ov] ! *e/ & say1   
,n[ y\r cold w get well quickly1 & n gr[
 worse4 ,if x has ! un=tunate habit (   
wett+ ! b$ at night1 ev5 ?is c be brok5 
up1 (t5 by "o sugge/ion1 & surely by    
sev]al repeat$ s z to take deep root 9 !
 m9d4 ,?is latt] is necess>y to produce 
any effect4 ,9 case ( disease1 ev5 s]i\s
 disease1 :5 a physician is necess>y1   
sugge/ion may be us$ by ! nurse or      
p>5ts1 or ! physician1 if he has le>n$ !
 art1 to advantage2 b if ! p>5ts are    
anxi\s or we>y1 !y _h bett] leave x = ^?
 :o are n we>y or anxi\s2 o!rwise !y may
 transf] _! own condition in/ead ( "o ( 
heal?4 ,! /ate ( m9d & body ( ! op]ator 
%\ld be a /able1 equable & :olesome "o4 
,! age at :i* sugge/ion may be ( use is 
h>dly yet kn[n4 ,c]ta9ly s soon z !     
und]/&+ has become develop$ x may be    
employ$1 ?\gh ! language %\ld be        
simplifi$ = ! *ildi% und]/&+4 ,be=e ?is 
x is ( d\btful utility2 b "s exp]im5ts  

:i* h be5 made intimate t good heal? may
 sometimes be transmitt$ f a heal?y     
p]son to a v "y sick *ild by ?\ght      
transf]5ce4  ,?\ght transf]5ce is !     
transf]5ce f "o to ano!r p]son ( "s     
feel+1 s5sation or idea4 ,! p]son f :om 
! ?\ght is transf]r$ is ! active ag5t1 &
 ! "o :o receives x is ! passive "o4    
,(t5 ?is ph5om5on takes place           
spontane\sly1 z :5 "o is 9 tr\ble1 or at
 ! po9t ( dy+1 a k ( x may sometimes be 
transf]r$ to an intimate fri5d :o is 9  
sympa?y4 ,9 ! hypnotic /ate1 ?\ght      
transf]5ce c sometimes be induc$        
artificially2 & ! po9t "h to be consid]$
 is ! transf]5ce to ! *ild ( heal?y     
normal s5sations to replace ! abnormal  
ones :i* may h tak5 possession (        
consci\sness & caus$ tr\ble4  ,!        
important ?+ always to h 9 m9d 9 us+    
psy*ic =ces on *ildr5 is to in/il       
natural1 or normal1 conditions1 n       
unnatural or abnormal ones4 ,to ?is end 
to produce ! be/ results1 ! active ag5t 
%\ld be a normally heal?y p]son1 hav+   

good common s5se1 & liv+ a normal1      
natural life4 ,^? ) sickly1 s5tim5tal or
 fanciful notions1 if !y try to use     
sugge/ion may transf] ^! /ates to !     
*ild1 :i* w\ld d h>m r ?an good4        
,,index4     ,acquir$ *>act]s1          
inh]itance (1 #ga1 #gc1 #gg et seq41    
#gi1 #ij1       #aji1 #aaa1 et seq4     
,acquir$ *>act]s n transmitt$1 #bac     
,adaptation to environm5t necess>y =    
heal?1 #adi    ,ae/hetic s5se display$  
by animals1 #bh    ,ae/hetic surr\nd+s  
dur+ ge/ation1 #ie    ,air1 reg>d$ z    
food1 #agd    ,alcohol1 z a poison1 #ia 
,alcohol1 effect (1 on (fspr+1 #aga     
,all51 ,joseph ,a41 obs]vations (1 z to 
effects ( w> on *ildr51       #bjj      
,all51 ,grant1 #cd1 #dh1 #ea1 #ahj      
,amphimixis1 !ory (1 #gf    ,ance/ral   
ids1 #ge    ,ance/ral t5d5cies1         
correction (1 #abf    ,animals1         
practical sup]iority ( man ov]1 :at81   
#baj    ,animal fle%1 suppos$ effect (  
eat+1 #fc    ,atavism 9 relation to     
disease1 #hc     ,baby1 a !oretical1    

#ahe et seq4    ,bad habits1 brok5 up by
 sugge/ion dur+ mesm]ic sleep1 #bad     
,bad temp] cur$ by hypnotic sugge/ion1  
#bag et seq4    ,beauty1 ref]5ce (      
sexual selection to1 #bh    ,bees1      
in/9cts (1 #abb    ,b]illon1 ,dr41 on   
b5eficial effect ( hypnotism ov] bad    
habits1       etc41 #bae    ,bir?m>ks1  
#ei1 #fh1 #id    ,blood1 heal?y1 purify+
 influ5ce (1 #ib    ,blood1 /udy ( !1   
#adj1 #aea    ,bones1 modification (    
c]ta91 ?r\gh sitt+1 #aaf    ,boys1      
mortality among l>g] ?an ) girls1 #acf  
,brea/s1 be/ me?ods ( develop+1 #bji    
,brea/s1 defective1 wom5 hav+1 incapable
 ( becom+ mo!rs ( a       virile race1  
#bji    ,brea/s1 developm5t (1 aft]     
m>riage & p>5tage1 #bji    ,brea/s1     
deg5]acy ( !1 & mo!rhood1 #bjh    ,bre$+
 9 & 91 ,noyes' fir/ pr9ciple = race    
improvem5t1 #ch     ,camp life1 evils (1
 #bjb    ,cases ( pr5atal influ5ces1    
#bjd et seq4    ,cells1 sexual1 #aaj1   
#afb    ,*&l]1 ,j5nie1 #ig    ,"*1      
dep5d5ce (1 on arrangem5t ( n]ve cells1 

#bbb    ,"*1 improvem5t by sugge/ion1   
me?od to be employ$ by p>5ts       =1   
#bbc    ,"* ( *ildr5 affect$ by w>1 #bja
    ,*>act]i/ics1 orig9 (1 ?r\gh sexual 
selection1 #acd    ,*>les1 ,havelock1   
#aaf    ,*ickamauga ,camp1 pro/itution  
at1 #bjb    ,*ildr5 acquire special     
aptitudes f mo!rs1 #bje    ,*ild be>+1  
be/ age =1 #agj    ,*ildr51 bre$+ (1 9  
,plato's ,republic1 #aa1 #ab    ,*ildr5 
consid]$ z belong+ to ! ,/ate1 #aj et   
seq41 #bb    ,*ildr51 dea?s (1 9 ,new   
,york city1 #aci    ,*ildr51 heal?y1    
ess5tials = hav+1 #afh    ,*ildr51      
int]e/s ( unborn1 #aii    ,*ildr51      
*>act]i/ics (1 9 ! ,oneida ,community1  
#ci    ,*ildr5 9 ! ,oneida ,community1  
c>e (1 #ch    ,*ildr51 mortality among1 
#acf    ,*ildr51 ob/acle ( w> to        
production & tra9+ (1 #bjc    ,*ild     
tra9+ aid$ by sugge/ion1 #bad et seq4   
,*ildr51 tra9+ (1 #af et seq41 #eb      
,civil ,w> & h[ x affect$ ! "* ( *ildr51
 #bja    ,co-adaptation ( p>ts z evid5ce
 ( transmission ( acquir$       *>act]s1

 #aaf    ,coalesc5ce ( sp]m & g]m cells1
 #aff    ,conc5trative p[]1 want (1 cur$
 by hypnotic sugge/ion1 #baf            
,conduct1 k ( its object1 n possess$ by 
animals1 #baj    ,cong5ital *>act]s1    
transmission (1 #agg    ,cong5ital      
de=mities1 #hj    ,consangu9e\s m>riages
 among ! ,greeks1 #bc    ,consangu9e\s  
m>riages1 regulations z to1 among       
uncultur$ peoples1       #ba1 #db       
,consangu9e\s m>riages1 effect on       
(fspr+1 #db    ,con/itution1 bodily1    
improvem5t ( !1 #aej    ,consumption1   
causes (1 #agf    ,consumption1 t5d5cy  
to1 :e!r a b> to m>riage1 #agf          
,cont5tm5t1 value (1 #ie    ,cont9uity (
 g]m-plasm1 #ajg1 #aah    ,co-op]ation1 
hygi5ic value (1 #aef et seq4    ,cope1 
,pr(4 ,e4 ,d41 #ei1 #fi    ,c\s9s1      
m>riage betwe51 #dc    ,c\vade1 cu/om ( 
!1 #fc et seq4    ,crimes1 increase (1  
caus$ by w>1 #bja     ,d>w91 ,*>les1    
#bh1 #cj et seq41 #gc1 #ge1 #he1 #ajj1  
#aje1 #ajf1 #aji1       #ada1 #agi1 #ahd
    ,dea?1 causes (1 #aej    ,de=mities1

 cong5ital1 #hj    ,deg5]acy ( ! brea/s 
& mo!rhood1 #bjh    ,deg5]acy 9 (fspr+  
due to mat]nal deg5]acy evid5c$ by      
inability to nurse a *ild1 #bjh         
,deg5]ation1 evid5ce (1 #adj            
,developm5t ( brea/s aft] m>riage &     
p>5tage1 #bji    ,diseases1 influ5ce (  
hygi5e ov]1 #aei    ,diseases1          
inh]itance (1 #hj    ,diseases :i*      
affect (fspr+1 #age    ,disposition     
spiritualiz$ ?r\gh m>riage ( *a/ity1    
#baj    ,disproportion betwe5 accid5tal 
causes & effects1 #fh1 #ij    ,div]sity 
betwe5 (fspr+ & p>5ts1 causes (1 #eh    
,dome/ication ( animals1 #i             
,d\treb5te1 ,pr(41 #ib    ,dr9k1        
influ5ce (1 ov] (fspr+1 #af    ,duncan1 
,j4 ,c4 ,ma!ws1 #agj     ,education1    
b5eficial effects ( hypnotism 91 #bae   
,education & h]$ity1 #aaa et seq4       
,education & non-transmission ( acquir$ 
*>act]s1 #abd    ,education ( ,sp>tan   
*ildr51 #ae    ,education1 ,plut>* on1  
#ag    ,education1 /udy ( laws (        
evolution1 z "p (1 #abe    ,educational 

uses ( hypnotism & sugge/ion1 #bbj      
,egg4 ,see ,ovum4    ,eim]1 ,dr4 ,g4    
,h41 #ga1 #gi et seq41 #ij    ,embryo1  
h[ p>5tal prop]ties communicat$ to1 #fi 
,embryology1 importance (1 #ajc         
,en]gy1 bodily1 use & abuse (1 #aec     
,environm5t1 adaptation to1 necess>y =  
heal?1 #adi    ,epig5esis1 !ory (1 #ajd 
,esquirol on ! effects ( ! ,fr5*        
,revolution ov] *ildr51 #bjj    ,e?ics (
 ! body1 hygi5e z !1 #afj    ,evolution1
 a sup]ior race produc$ by1 #acj et seq4
    ,evolution1 mean+ ( ! t]m1 #baj     
,evolution ( ! horse1 #ajb              
,evolution1 /udy ( laws (1 z "p (       
education1 #abe    ,evolution>y !ories1 
conflict (1 ) humane s5tim5ts1 #ade et  
seq4    ,example1 influ5ce (1 ov]       
*ildr51 #ah    ,ex]cise1 transmission ( 
effects (1 #aaa    ,exp]im5t 9 race     
improvem5t by ,noyes1 #cg et seq4       
,explanation ( ! action ( hypnotic      
sugge/ion1 #bba     ,family life1       
abolition (1 9 ,plato's ,republic1 #aj  
,fa!r rule %\ld be comb9$ ) "m rule1    

#bac    ,fa!rhood1 too little importance
 assign$ to1 #bab    ,feeble            
con/itutions prev5t num]\s (fspr+1 #adg 
,f]tilization ess5tial to true g]m      
plasm1 #afe    ,f]tilization1 nature (1 
#aff    ,fison1 ,lorim]1 #db    ,fitness
 = survival1 *>act]i/ics (1 #adj        
,flat head ,indians & h]$ity1 #bac      
,flat head & r\nd head tribes1 comp>ison
 betwe51 #bac    ,flat head n transmitt$
 to (fspr+1 #bac    ,flatt5+ ! skull1   
injuri\s effect ( on heal?1 #bad        
,fl9t1 ,dr4 ,au/91 #hh    ,food1 h[ x   
affects g]m plasm1 #agc    ,food 7c]ta97
 injuri\s influ5ce (1 #id    ,foot1     
compression (1 by ,*9ese ladies1 #bj    
,fo/]age1 #if    ,fr5* ,revolution1 evil
 effects ( ov] *ildr51 #bjj     ,galton1
 ,francis1 #df1 #ej1 #gc1 #ajf1 #ace1   
#agj    ,gemmules1 ess5tial to          
pang5esis1 #aje1 #ajf    ,g5]ation1     
influ5ces ov]1 at "t ( conception1 #eg1 
#eh    ,g5]ation1 influ5ces ov]1        
subsequ5t to conception1 #eh            
,g5]ative p[]s1 debilitation ( !1 #hd   

,g]m plasm & h]$ity1 #ajg1 #afb    ,g]m 
plasm1 cont9uity ( !1 #gc1 #gd et seq41 
#ajg1 #aah    ,g]m plasm1 h[ affect$ by 
food1 #agc    ,g]m plasm1 modification (
 !1 #gf1 #hj    ,g]m v>iations1 causes  
(1 #ha    ,ge/ation 7p]iod (7 importance
 ( pleasant surr\nd+s dur+1 #ic         
,ge/ation1 mat]nal influ5ce dur+1 #if   
,ge/ation1 /rong emotion dur+1 effect (1
 #fc1 #id    ,ge/ation1 ut]9e           
di/urbances dur+1 #ic    ,girls1        
physical tra9+ (1 among ,sp>tans1 #ad   
,girls1 mortality among1 small] ?an )   
boys1 #acf    ,great mo!rs1 h[          
con/itut$1 #bjh    ,gr\p m>riage (      
,au/ralian natives1 #ba     ,haeckel1   
,ern/1 #aji    ,h>vey1 #ajc             
,haycraft1 ,john ,b]ry1 #adc    ,head   
flatt5+1 #bj    ,heal?1 action ( nature 
9 relation to1 #acj    ,heal?1          
transmission (1 by ?\ght transf]5ce1 to 
"y sick *ild1       #bbd    ,heal?y     
localities enable ! heal?ie/ (fspr+ to  
be re>$1 #baj    ,heal?1 adaptation to  
environm5t necess>y =1 #adi    ,heal?1  

ideal (1 #adh    ,heal?1 importance (1 9
 relation to m>riage1 #ace1 #afh1 #aga  
,he>n1 ,pr(essor1 #fg    ,h$onism1 ,new1
 #dh    ,h]$it>y ta/es ( *ildr51 #bjd et
 seq4    ,h]$ities1 antagoni/ic1 ( two  
p>5ts1 #eh    ,h]$ity among ,flat-head  
,indians1 #bac    ,h]$ity1 def9ition (1 
#ajj    ,h]$ity & education1 #aaa et    
seq4    ,h]$ity1 evils aris+ f1 may be  
cur$1 #ce    ,h]$ity1 exceptions to law 
(1 #eh    ,h]$ity & g]m plasm1 #ajg     
,h]$ity1 importance ( k (1 by tea*]s1   
#abe    ,h]$ity1 modification ( law (1  
#ii    ,h]$ity1 prepond]at+ influ5ce (1 
#fi1 #hi    ,h]$ity1 rational view (1   
#aji    ,h]$ity1 spectre (1 #abg et seq4
    ,h]$ity1 !ories (1 #gc et seq4      
,h]$ity1 trans=mation (1 #hc    ,h]+1   
,ri*>d1 #gj    ,hid]y tribes ( ,briti%  
,columbia1 #bad    ,high-pressure1      
effects ( liv+ at1 #aeb    ,hypnotic    
sleep1 diff]s f ord9>y sleep only 9     
degree1 #bbc    ,hypnotic sugge/ion1    
value (1 z aid to education1 #baf       
,hypnotism z sugge/ive !rapeutics1 #bad 

,horse1 evolution ( !1 #ajb    ,human   
selection1 plans =1 #ace et seq4        
,human k9d1 reg>d$ z a :ole1 %\ld be    
b5efit$ by our conduct1       #baa      
,human race1 fur!r improvem5t (         
impossible1 if m>riage relation be      
reg>d$ only f /&po9t ( sexual indulg5ce1
 #baj    ,humane s5tim5ts1 conflict (1 )
 !ories ( evolution1 #ade et       seq4 
,husb& & wife1 t5d5cy to resemble ea*   
o!r1 #hi    ,hu?1 ,a4 ,h41 #db          
,hygi5e1 mod]n1 z oppos$ to natural     
selection1 #adb et seq4    ,hygi5e1 z ! 
e?ics ( ! body1 #afj    ,hygi5e1        
promises (1 #aeh et seq4    ,hygi5ic    
laws1 puni%m5t = infraction (1 #afa     
,hygi5ic surr\nd+s1 importance (1 #aci  
,hygi5ic tra9+1 value (1 #aea     ,ideal
 ( ,heal?1 #adh    ,idiots1 education (1
 #be    ,illu/rative cases ( pr5atal    
influ5ce1 #fj et seq4    ,imag9ation1   
effect (1 on unborn (fspr+1 #ee et seq4 
,improvem5t ( race4 ,see race           
improvem5t4    ,incas ( ,p]u1           
consangu9e\s m>riages among !1 #bc      

,income1 bodily1 importance ( liv+ )91  
#aeb    ,individual1 !1 z ! beg9n+ & end
 ( ! race1 #ej    ,individuality1       
developm5t ( !1 #abf    ,infanticide    
among ,sp>tans1 #ae    ,infanticide1 =m]
 g5]al preval5ce (1 #ai    ,infanticide 
9 ,plato's ,republic1 #aa               
,infanticide n morally p]missible1 #bd  
,inh]itance ( acquir$ *>act]s1 "q z to  
!1 #ga1 #gc1 #gg1       #gi1 #ij1 #aji1 
#aaa et seq4    ,inh]itance1 organic1   
wond]s (1 #aja    ,injuries dur+ life1  
transmission (1 #gi et seq4    ,injury  
to heal? ?r\gh flatt5+ ! skull1 #bad    
,in/9ct1 explanations ( orig9 (1 #aba   
,in/9cts ( ! race = *ildr51 loss (1 #bjh
    ,in/ruction & education1 diff]5ce   
betwe51 #baj    ,intellig5ce affect$ by 
head flatt5+1 #bad     ,jacob1 rods (1  
#ef    ,jeune1 ,lady ,m>y1 #dg          
,j[ett1 ,pr(essor ,b41 #be et seq41 #cd 
,krafft1 ,d4 ,von ,eb+1 #hb1 #hd1 #ia   
,lam>ck1 #aaa    ,lam>*ian !ory (       
transmission1 #bac    ,language1 n      
transmitt$ to (fspr+1 #aai              

,leeuw5hock1 #ajc    ,limitation (      
(fspr+1 #agi et seq4    ,locu/1 egg-lay+
 in/9ct (1 #abc    ,luxury & p>5tage1   
#bjh    ,lycurgus1 m>riage regulations  
(1 #ac et seq41 #bb1 #bg    ,lyman1 ,dr4
 ,c4 ,w41 on treatm5t ( a baby1 #ahe et 
seq4     ,man1 v>iations und]gone by1   
#ach    ,man1 practical sup]iority (1   
ov] animals1 :at1 #baj    ,manufactur+  
life1 unheal?9ess (1 #aeb               
,manufactur+ mills1 det]ioration caus$  
by1 #aeh    ,m>riage1 consangu9e\s1     
ideas z to1 #ba1 #db    ,m>riage cu/oms 
among ,sp>tans1 #ah1 #ai    ,m>riage1   
e>ly1 disadvantages (1 #acg    ,m>riage1
 importance ( heal? 9 relation to1 #ace 
,m>riage1 regulations z to1 9 ,plato's  
,republic1 #bb1 #be    ,m>riage ( weak &
 wor?less1 #acg    ,m>riage1 a sacr$    
/ate1 #eb    ,m>riage ( *a/ity1         
disposition spiritualiz$ by1 #baj       
,m>riages ( affection & passion1        
diff]5ce betwe51 analog\s to       t    
betwe5 education & in/ruction1 #baj     
,mason1 ,dr4 ,r4 ,osgood1 on b5eficial  

effect ( hypnotism 9       education1   
#bae    ,mat]nity1 avoidance (1 #bjh    
,mc,gee1 ,dr4 ,anita ,newcomb1 #cg      
,memory1 end[m5t ( reproductive cells )1
 #gj    ,memory1 improvem5t (1 by       
hypnotic sugge/ion1 #baj    ,m5tal      
dullness1 curable by sugge/ion dur+     
hypnotic sleep1 #bae    ,m5tal emotion (
 "m1 injury to unborn *ild ?r\gh1 #bjj  
,mesm]ic sleep1 effect ( sugge/ion dur+1
 #bad    ,mesm]ism1 n[ kn[n z hypnotism1
 #bad    ,me?od to be employ$ by p>5ts =
 us+ sugge/ion 9 *ild       tra9+1 #bbc 
,microbes1 selective action (1 #adc     
,m9d ( op]ator1 /ate (1 necess>y to     
successful sugge/ion1 #bbd-e            
,modification ( c]ta9 bones ?r\gh sitt+1
 #aaf    ,modification ( ! organism dur+
 desc5t f fir/ ance/ors1 #ga            
,modification ( s5se ( t\*1 #aad        
,modification ( toes1 #aab              
,modification ( ! :ale1 #aae            
,molecul> /ructure ( sexual cells1 #aaj 
,monogamy1 return to1 by ! ,oneida      
,community1 #dj1 #da1 #ec    ,moral     

nature1 gr[? ( !1 #adf    ,mosaic       
regulations z to unclean animals1 #fc   
,mo!rhood1 highe/1 w> an enemy to1 #bjd 
,mo!rhood & deg5]acy ( ! brea/s1 #bjh   
,mo!rs1 n peculi>ily ! div9ely appo9t$  
tea*]s ( *ildr51       #bab    ,musical 
tal5t1 n transmitt$ to (fspr+1 #abj     
,mutilations1 n transmissible1 #aai     
,mey]1 ,pr(4 ,fr$]ic ,w4 ,h41 on        
hypnotic sugge/ion1 #bba     ,natural   
selection1 #i1 #aae1 #ach1 #adb         
,natural selection1 always op]ative1    
#adg    ,nature1 action (1 9 relation to
 heal?1 #acj    ,n]ve cells1 con/itution
 (1 alt]able by hypnotic sugge/ion1 #bbb
    ,n]v\s sy/em1 debilitation ( !1 #hd 
,night t]rors cur$ by hypnotic          
sugge/ion1 #bbj    ,nipples1 de=m$1     
common occurr5ce (1 #bji    ,nisbet1 ,j4
 ,f41 #ij1 #ib    ,non-nurs+ ( *ildr5 a 
sign ( deg5]acy1 #bjh    ,normal        
conditions only %\ld be transf]r$ by    
hypnotic sugge/ion1       #bbe    ,nose 
mold+1 #bj    ,notes1 #aii et seq4      
,noyes1 ,john ,humphrey1 #cg et seq4    

,nucleus ( cell1 ess5tial to            
reproduction1 #afg    ,nutrition1 action
 (1 on g]m cells1 #aea    ,nutrition    
7arre/$7 organic effect (1 #gg          
,ob$i5ce ! basis ( education among !    
,sp>tans1 #ae    ,(fspr+1 effect (      
alcohol on1 #aga    ,(fspr+1 effect (   
consangu9e\s m>riage on1 #db    ,(fspr+1
 influ5ce ( locality on heal? (1 #baj   
,(fspr+1 injuri\sly affect$ by sexual   
excess ( p>5ts1 #baa    ,(fspr+1        
inception (1 ! />t+ po9t ( /irpiculture1
 #eb    ,(fspr+1 limitation (1 #agi et  
seq4    ,oneida ,community1 #cg et seq4 
,ovum1 #afc et seq4    ,ovum1 ! beg9n+ (
 animal life1 #aja1 #afc    ,ovum1      
developm5tal t5d5cy ( !1 #aaj    ,ovum1 
effect ( ge/ation on !1 #ajb    ,ovum ( 
diff]5t animals1 app>5t simil>ity ( !1  
#afc     ,paget1 ,sir ,james1 #adh      
,pa91 prev5tion (1 9 surgical op]ations1
 #bad    ,pang5esis1 exp]im5ts 91 #ajf  
,pang5esis1 !ory (1 #ge1 #aje1 #aji     
,panmixia1 !ory (1 #gh    ,pap] mill    
7,new ,engl&71 #aed    ,p>5tage &       

luxury1 #bjh    ,p>5tage & w>1 #aii     
,p>5tage1 responsibility 91 #di1 #aha   
,p>5tage1 ,plato's re/rictions on1 #aa  
,p>5tage1 sacr$ness (1 #ic    ,p>5ts1 h[
 to make use ( sugge/ion 9 ! tra9+ (    
*ildr51       #bbb    ,p>5ts1 organic   
gr[? (1 injuri\sly affect$ by sexual    
excess1 #baa    ,p>5tal life1 influ5ce  
(1 ov] (fspr+1 #ie    ,p]fectioni/s ( ! 
,oneida ,community1 #cg et seq4         
,phillips1 ,w5dell1 #abh    ,physical   
culture1 #afj    ,physical tra9+ ( girls
 among ,sp>tans1 #ad    ,physical       
weakness may be associat$ ) m5tal       
greatness1 #cd    ,plato1 ,republic (1  
#aj et seq41 #be    ,plut>*1 #ac1 #af et
 seq4    ,poisons1 actions (1 on !      
sexual cells1 #ia    ,pov]ty1 ob/acle (1
 to production & tra9+ ( ! "y1 #bjc     
,pref]5ce1 z exhibit$ among animals1    
#aca    ,pref]5ce1 z exhibit$ among m51 
#acc    ,pref]5ce1 fir/ pr9ciple (      
sexual selection1 #aca    ,pr5atal      
culture1 #ee et seq4    ,pr5atal        
culture1 illu/rative cases (1 #fj et    

seq4    ,pr5atal influ5ce1 #aab         
,pr5atal influ5ce 9 telegony1 #he       
,pr5atal influ5ces1 cases (1 #bjd et    
seq4    ,pr9ciples on :i* sexual        
selection is bas$1 #ch1 #aca            
,progress 9 organic life1 #i            
,promiscuity regulat$ 9 ,oneida         
,community1 #cg    ,promiscuity regulat$
 9 ,plato's ,republic1 #aa              
,pro/itution1 camp life a s*ool =1 #bjb 
,psy*ical diseases1 h]$ity (1 #hb et    
seq4    ,psy*ological laws1 unc]ta9     
effect (1 #fh    ,psy*ological rese>*1  
laboratories =1 #afj     ,quatrefages1  
,m4 de1 #ei     ,race 7human7           
det]ioration ( !1 ?r\gh hygi5ic action1 
#adc et       seq4    ,race1 improvem5t 
( !1 aim (1 #cf    ,race1 improvem5t (  
!1 bas$ on spiritual sympa?y1 #eh       
,race improvem5t1 exp]im5t 91 ( !       
,oneida ,community1 #cg et seq4    ,race
 improvem5t1 failure ( compulsory       
attempts at1 #bg    ,race improvem5t1   
,grecian me?ods =1 #aj et seq4    ,race 
improvem5t1 ,grecian me?ods n suit$ =   

mod]n times1 #bd    ,race improvem5t1   
natural factors 91 #a    ,race          
improvem5t1 ,/ate aid to1 #cg1 #ec      
,race %\ld be ?\ght ( be=e ourselves1   
#baa    ,reproductive function1 diff]5ce
 9 ex]cise (1 by animals & man1         
#baj    ,responsibility 9 p>5tage1 #di1 
#aha    ,ribot1 ,?41 #eg1 #fh1 #hc      
,romanes1 ,g4 ,j41 #bh1 #gc1 #he1 #hg   
,ru9 ( c\ntries by ! burd5s ( w>1 #bjc  
,sacr$ness ( p>5tage1 #ic               
,sa9t-,hilaire1 ,ge(froy1 #fh           
,sampson1 "m (1 #agb    ,sci5ce ( true  
liv+1 hygi5e z !1 #afj    ,scotti%      
,co-op]ative ,:olesale ,society's       
manufactur+ mill1 #aef et       seq4    
,selection1 artificial1 by man1 #i      
,selection1 individual1 by ,noyes1 #ch  
,selection1 natural1 see ,natural       
selection4    ,selection1 sexual1 see   
,sexual selection4    ,selective action 
( female animals1 #bh et seq4           
,selective action ( woman 9 m>riage1 #dc
 et seq4    ,self-control1 importance (1
 #if    ,self-consci\sness1 excessive1  

cur$ by hypnotic sugge/ion1 #baf        
,self-developm5t1 #dh    ,s5se ( t\*1   
modification (1 ?r\gh use1 #aad         
,sex-in/9ct1 #ea    ,sexual cells1 #afb 
,sexual cells1 acquir$ p[]s (1 #aaj     
,sexual excess injuri\sly affects bo?   
p>5ts & (fspr+1 #baa    ,sexual impulse1
 gratification ( !1 consi/5t ) !        
developm5t      ( ! highe/ m5tal        
qualities1 #bab    ,sexual selection1   
#bg et seq41 #aca et seq4    ,sexual    
selection1 action (1 among primeval m51 
#agi    ,sexual selection applicable    
prim>ily to male *>act]i/ics1 #cj       
,sexual selection by wom51 effect (1 #dd
 et seq4    ,sexual selection1 influ5ce 
(1 #ca1 #cc    ,sick *ild1 transmission 
( heal? to1 by ?\ght transf]5ce1 #bbd   
,sire1 previ\s1 influ5ce (1 on subsequ5t
 prog5y1 #hf et seq4    ,sleep1 ord9>y1 
diff]s f hypnotic sleep only 9 degree1  
#bbc    ,smi?1 ,sidney1 #aba            
,sobriety1 importance (1 9 relation to  
(fspr+1 #ia ,see ,alcohol4    ,soldi]s  
dem& gratification ( _! passional       

natures1 #bjb    ,sp>tans1 m>riage      
relations among1 #ac et seq4    ,special
 aptitudes ( *ild det]m9$ by pr5atal    
influ5ces1 #bjd    ,spectre ( h]$ity1   
#abg et seq4    ,sp5c]1 ,h]b]t1 #d1 #gg1
 #gh1 #he1 #hg1 #aab1 #aae1 #adi1 #afi1 
#aha    ,sp]matozoon1 #afb    ,spiritual
 nature1 appeal to1 9 hypnotic          
sugge/ion1 #bba    ,spontane\s ?\ght    
transf]5ce1 #bbd    ,/&+ armies1 cru%+  
burd5 (1 #bjc    ,/ate1 aid ( !1 to race
 improvem5t1 #ec    ,/ate1 *ildr5 reg>d$
 z belong+ to !1 #aj et seq41 #bb       
,/irpiculture4 ,see ,race1 improvem5t ( 
!4    ,/irpiculture1 mean+ (1 #aj       
,/irpiculture1 good air & wat] z factors
 91 #age    ,/irpiculture1 ,noyes'      
exp]im5t 91 #cg et seq4                 
,/irpiculture1 />t+ po9t (1 #eb         
,/r5g? z necess>y z t5d]ness to br++ up 
( *ildr51 #bac    ,/ruggle1 sexual      
selection ?r\gh1 #acb    ,/udi\s habits 
transmitt$ to *ildr51 #bje    ,sublim9al
 self1 ord]s convey$ to1 by hypnotic    
sugge/ion1 #bbb    ,sugge/ion z an aid  

to *ild tra9+1 #bad1 #bba    ,sugge/ion 
by p>5ts to *ildr5 = educational        
purposes1 #bbc    ,sugge/ion dur+       
mesm]ic sleep1 bad habits cur$ by1 #bad 
,sugge/ion dur+ mesm]ic sleep1 b5eficial
 effect (1 ov] m5tal       dullness1    
#bae    ,sugge/ion1 hypnotic1 influ5ce  
(1 9 develop+ self-control1 #bai        
,sugge/ion1 hypnotic1 me?od (1 employ$  
by ,dr4 ,r4 ,osgood ,mason =            
educational purposes1 #bae et seq4      
,sugge/ive !rapeutics1 #bad             
,sup]iority ( (fspr+1 :]e limit$1 #ahd  
,surgical op]ations1 prev5tion ( pa9 91 
by mesm]ism1 #bad    ,survival ( !      
fitte/1 #i    ,survival1 :at con/itutes 
fitness =1 #ada    ,sympa?y1 spiritual1 
z ! basis ( race improvem5t1 #ec        
,taxation1 burd5 (1 creat$ by w>1 #bjc  
,telegony1 #he et seq4    ,temp]1 bad1  
cur$ by hypnotic sugge/ion1 #bag        
,t5d]ness to be comb9$ ) /r5g? 9 br++ up
 *ildr51 #bac    ,!oretical baby1 #ahe  
et seq4    ,?\ght transf]5ce induc$     
artificially 9 hypnotic /ate1 #bbd      

,?\ght transf]5ce1 nature (1 #bbd       
,?\ght transf]5ce1 transmission ( heal? 
by1 to a "y sick       *ild1 #bbd       
,timidity cur$ by hypnotic sugge/ion1   
#baf    ,toes1 modification ( !1 9 man1 
#aab    ,t\*1 modification ( ! s5se (1  
#aad    ,tra9+ ( *ildr5 aid$ by hypnotic
 sugge/ion1 #bba    ,tra9+ ( *ildr51    
,plut>* on !1 #af et seq4               
,trans=mation ( h]$ity1 #hc             
,transitory /ates ( p>5ts1 effect ( on  
(fspr+1 #ei    ,transmission by "m to   
*ild ( aptitude = h>d "w1 #bjg          
,transmission by "m to *ild ( arti/ic & 
lit]>y ta/es1 #bjd       et seq41 #bjg  
,transmission by "m to *ild ( ta/e =    
/udy ( natural hi/ory1       #bjf       
,transmission by "m to *ild ( ta/e =    
surgical nurs+1 #bjg    ,transmission ( 
acquir$ *>act]s4 ,see ,acquir$ *>act]s4 
,transmission ( effects ( ex]cise1 #aaa 
,tylor1 ,e4 ,b41 #fd1 #fg    ,tw9s1     
resemblance (1 #ij     ,unborn *ildr5   
injur$ by w>1 #aii    ,unborn *ildr51   
int]e/s (1 #aii    ,unfit1 elim9ation ( 

!1 #aci    ,unicellul> organisms1 #aji  
,ut]9e exi/5ce1 di/urbances (1 #eh1 #fh 
,vacc9ation z a pres]v] ( weak          
con/itutions1 #adc    ,vitality1        
surplus1 production ( (fspr+ dep5ds on1 
#afi     ,wake1 ,c4 ,/anil&1 #ba1 #db1  
#ff    ,wallace1 ,a4 ,r41 #dd1 #acf     
,wallace1 ,alfr$ ,russell1 on pr5atal   
influ5ces1 #bjd    ,w> & p>5tage1 #aii  
,w>1 effects (1 on civilization1 #aii   
,w>1 effects (1 on unborn *ildr51 #aii  
et seq4    ,w>1 enemy to ! highe/       
mo!rhood1 #bjd    ,web]1 ,pr(essor1 #aad
    ,weismann1 ,pr(essor1 #gb1 #gd et   
seq41 #gh1 #ajg1 #aah    ,wet nurses1   
use (1 accompani$ by physical weakness1 
#bjh    ,:ale1 modification ( /ructure (
 !1 #aae    ,:ite race1 sup]iority ( !1 
due to consci\sness ( duty t[>ds       !
 race1 #baa    ,wolf1 ,casp> ,fr$]ick1  
#ajd    ,woman1 condition (1 among ,flat
 head ,indians1 #bac    ,woman1 fir/    
duty (1 #dg    ,woman n sup]ior to man1 
#bab    ,woman1 selective action (1 9   
m>riage1 #cb1 #dc et seq4    ,wom5      

incapable ( love inf]ior z mo!rs1 #bjh  
,wom5 m num]\s ?an m51 #acf    ,wom51   
pref]5ce = c]ta9 *>act]i/ics 9 m51 #acc 
,x5ophon1 #ae     ,zeigl]1 ,pr(essor1   
#ha1 #ia     ,,transcrib]',s ,,notes3   
,! ^w di>rhoea uses an oe ligature 9 !  
orig9al4  ,! foll[+ corrections h be5   
made to ! text3       ,page #ai3 visit$ 
h] ) great caution &                    
appreh5sionquotation m>k miss+ 9 orig9al
       ,page #be3 t ! diff]5ce betwe5 m5
 & ! animals is      =gott5 9           
!m4quotation m>k miss+ 9 orig9al        
,page #fb3 ,! ,philosophicalorig9al has 
,philosphical ,j\rnal      = ,octob] #e1
 #ahie       ,page #ff3 come to console 
him orig9al has extrane\s quotation     
m>k= ! pa9       ,page #hb3 di/+ui%$    
psy*iatri/1 ,d4 ,von                    
,krafft-,eb+sorig9al has ,kraft-,eb+s   
,page #hd3 inconsi/5cy 9 desires1 sudd5 
& v>iable      w4quotation m>k miss+ 9  
orig9al       ,page #ajd3 developorig9al
 has devolop o!r organs ?an ^?      l ! 
ones 9 :i* x 0 =m$       ,page #aji3    

!ories ( h]$ity--,haeckel'sorig9al has  
,heckel's1 = in/ance       ,page #aab3  
)\t ! transmissionorig9al has           
transmision (      ! effects ( ! use    
,page #ada3 to give cont9u\sorig9al has 
cont9\s food1      w>m? & protection    
,page #afd3 ! ape1 ! dog1 ! cat or o!r  
animal4quotation      m>k miss+ 9       
orig9al       ,page #afd3 cle>1 r\nd    
g]m9al vesicleorig9al has vescicle      
,page #afg3 !y completelyorig9al has    
competely efface      !mselves          
,page #agf3 (t5 ( an unusuallyorig9al   
has unsually *e]ful      & hopeful      
disposition       ,page #ahj3 quot$     
,grant ,all5 z favor+ ab/95ceorig9al    
has ab/a95ce       ,page #ahb3 mu/ br+  
decay & ultimate ext9ction4orig9al      
has comma       ,page #aii3 *ildr51 bo? 
born & unborn4p]iod miss+ 9      orig9al
       ,page #bjj3 capable ( resi/+ !   
int5se excitem5tsorig9al      has       
excitm5ts       ,page #bjj3 dimm$ by !  
relation ( su* occurr5cesorig9al        
has occurr5cies       ,page #bjc3 ,is   

?is n a griev\sorig9al has grevi\s burd5
       ,page #bjf3 orig9al has extrane\s
 quotation m>k,mrs4 ,b----      says3 ,i
 c trace       ,page #bjg3 clo? ( gold  
roses & b\ga9villeaorig9al has          
b\gianvillea       ,page #baj3 only     
#ag1cad out ( #ajj1jjj di$4orig9al has  
comma       ,page #bac3 m9d z well z    
he>t1comma miss+ 9 orig9al      vigor z 
well z sympa?y       ,page #bag3        
grufflyorig9al has grufly rem>k$ t ,i _h
      rumpl$ 8 hair       ,page #bag3   
sugge/ions h n be5 repeat$ s9ce         
,may4orig9al has extrane\s quotation m>k
       ,page #bbf3 numb] #bjj is bel[ ! 
entry = ,air 9 !      orig9al1 b x      
belongs to ! entry = ,all51 ,joseph ,a41
      & has be5 mov$ accord+ly          
,page #bbh3 page numb]s = ! entry on    
,d>w9 h be5 put 9      num]ical ord]    
,page #bbh3 ,eim]1orig9al has p]iod ,dr4
 ,g4 ,h41 #ga1 #gi et      seq41 #ij    
,page #bcj3 ,haeckelorig9al has         
,haeckel1 ,ern/1 #aji       ,page #bcb3 
,inh]itance ( acquir$ *>act]s1 "q z to  

!1 #ga1 #gc1 #gg1;comma miss+ 9 orig9al 
#gi       ,page #bcb3 ,krafftorig9al has
 ,kraft1 ,d4 ,von ,eb+1 #hb1 #hd1 #ia   
,page #bcb3 ,leeuw5hockorig9al has      
,leeukw5hock1 #ajc       ,page #bcc3    
,j[ettorig9al has ,jewett1 ,pr(essor    
,b41 #be et      seq41comma miss+ 9     
orig9al #cd       ,page #bcc3 ,mason1   
,dr4 ,r4 ,osgood1 on b5eficial effect ( 
hypnotismorig9al has hynotism           
,page #bce3 ,quatrefagesorig9al has     
,qu>trefages1 ,m4 de1 #ei       ,page   
#bce3 ,sa9t-,hilaire1 ,ge(froyorig9al   
has ,ge(=y1 #fh       ,page #bch3       
,transmissionorig9al has ,tranmission ( 
acquir$      *>act]s