,,deadfalls ,,& ,,sn>es                 
,frontispiece3 ,a ,,good ,,deadfall4    
,,deadfalls ,,& ,,sn>es  ,a ,book (     
,in/ruction = ,trapp]s ,ab\t ,^! & ,o!r 
,home-,made ,traps  ,edit$ by ,a4 ,r4   
,,h>d+  ,publi%$ by ,a4 ,r4 ,,h>d+1     
,publi%] #ajf ,walnut ,/reet ,/4 ,l\is1 
,mo4  ,copyright #aijg ,by ,a4 ,r4      
,,h>d+    ,,cont5ts4    ,i4 ,build+     
,deadfalls   ,,ii4 ,be> & ,coon         
,deadfall   ,,iii4 ,ott] ,deadfall      
,,iv4 ,m>t5 ,deadfall   ,v4 ,/one       
,deadfall   ,,vi4 ,! ,be> ,p5   ,,vii4  
,portable ,traps   ,,viii4 ,"s ,trigg]s 
,,ix4 ,trip ,trigg]s   ,x4 ,h[ to ,set  
,,xi4 ,:5 to ,build   ,,xii4 ,:]e to    
,build   ,,xiii4 ,! ,prop] ,bait        
,,xiv4 ,traps ,knock$ ,(f   ,,xv4 ,spr+ 
,pole ,sn>e   ,,xvi4 ,trail ,set ,sn>e  
,,xvii4 ,bait ,set ,sn>e   ,,xviii4 ,!  
,box ,trap   ,,xix4 ,! ,coop ,trap      
,,xx4 ,! ,pit ,trap   ,,xxi4 ,numb] (   
,traps   ,,xxii4 ,:5 to ,trap   ,,xxiii4
 ,season's ,cat*   ,,xxiv4 ,g5]al       
,in=mation   ,,xxv4 ,sk9n+ & ,/ret*+    

,,xxvi4 ,h&l+ & ,grad+   ,,xxvii4 ,f    
,animal to ,m>ket   ,,xxviii4 ,/eel     
,traps    ,,li/ ,,( ,,illu/rations4     
,a ,good ,deadfall   ,! ,pole ,deadfall 
,small ,animal ,fall   ,! ,p9* ,head    
,bo>d or ,pole ,trap   ,bait ,set       
,deadfall   ,trail ,set ,deadfall   ,be>
 or ,coon ,deadfall   ,ott] ,deadfall   
,m>t5 ,deadfall   ,m>t5 ,trap ,trigg]s  
,ano!r ,m>t5 ,deadfall   ,high ,built   
,m>t5 ,deadfall   ,tree ,deadfall   ,m  
,m>t5 ,trap ,trigg]s   ,flat ,/one ,trap
   ,/one ,deadfall ,trigg]s   ,!        
,invitation--,skunk   ,kill$ ,)\t ,sc5t+
   ,"r & ,wrong ,way   ,be> ,p5 ,trap   
,be> ,ent]+ ,p5   ,d5 ,set ,deadfall    
,portable ,wood5 ,trap   ,! ,block ,trap
   ,! ,nox-,em-,all ,deadfall   ,ill9ois
 ,trapp]'s ,trigg]s   ,trip ,trigg]s    
,animal ,ent]+ ,trip ,deadfall   ,trip  
,trigg] ,fall   ,canadian ,trip ,fall   
,! ,turn ,trigg]   ,two ,piece ,trigg]  
,trap   ,/r+ & ,trigg] ,trap   ,trail or
 ,d5 ,trap   ,spr+ ,pole & ,sn>e        
,small ,game ,sn>e   ,wire or ,tw9e     

,sn>e   ,sn>e ,loop   ,pa? ,set ,sn>e   
,trip ,pan or ,plate   ,d\ble ,trail    
,set   ,trail ,set ,sn>es   ,pa? ,sn>e  
,rat ,runway ,sn>e   ,und]gr\nd ,rat    
,runway   ,runway & ,cubby ,set   ,log  
,set ,sn>e   ,c[ ,pa? ,sn>e   ,lift+    
,pole ,sn>e   ,bait ,set ,sn>e   ,! ,box
 ,trap   ,! ,coop ,trap   ,! ,pit ,trap 
,a ,good ,cat*]   ,s+le & ,?ree ,bo>d   
,/ret*]   ,"s ,/ret*+ ,patt]ns   ,dakota
 ,trapp]s ,me?od   ,hold] = ,sk9n+      
,wire ,coon ,me?od   ,wire & ,twig ,coon
 ,me?od   ,size ( ,/ret*+ ,bo>ds   ,pole
 ,/ret*]s   ,fle%+ ,bo>d   ,/ret*+      
,frame   ,sk9 on ,/ret*]   ,hoop ,/ret*]
   ,small ,/eel ,traps   ,no4 #ha or    
,web ,jaw ,trap   ,no4 #ia or ,d\ble    
,jaw ,trap   ,m9k & ,fox ,traps   ,ott] 
& ,beav] ,traps   ,ott] ,traps ) ,tee?  
,ott] ,trap )\t ,tee?   ,(fset ,jaw     
,beav] ,trap   ,clut* ,deta*able ,trap  
,ne:\se ,wolf ,trap   ,small ,be> ,trap 
,small ,be> ,trap ) ,(fset ,jaw   ,black
 ,be> ,trap   ,regul> ,be> ,trap )      
,(fset ,jaws   ,grizzly ,be> ,trap      

,be> ,*a9 ,clevis   ,/eel ,trap ,sett+  
,clamp    ,illu/ration3 ,a4 ,r4 ,,h>d+4 
,,introduction4  ,scatt]$ f ! ,arctic   
,ocean to ! ,gulf ( ,mexico & f !       
,atlantic to ! ,pacific ,ocean are ?\s&s
 ( trapp]s :o use deadfalls1 sn>es & o!r
 home-made traps1 b )9 ?is va/ t]ritory 
!re are _m ?\s& :o "k little or no?+ (  
!m4  ,! be/ & mo/ successful trapp]s are
 ^? ( ext5d$ exp]i5ce4 ,build+ deadfalls
 & con/ruct+ sn>es1 z told on ! foll[+  
pages1 w be ( value to trapp]s locat$   
:]e mat]ial--sapl+s1 poles1 bo>ds1      
rocks1 etc4--is to be _h = con/ruct+4 ,!
 _m traps describ$ _c all be us$ to     
advantage 9 any section1 b "s ( !m c4   
,m ?an sixty illu/rations are us$ to    
enable ! beg9n] to bett] und]/& !       
con/ruct+ & work+s ( home-made traps4 ,!
 illu/rations are ma9ly furni%$ by ! old
 tim]s4  ,*apt]s on ,sk9n+ & ,/ret*+1   
,h&l+ & ,grad+ are add$ = ! correct h&l+
 ( sk9s & furs adds l>gely to _!        
comm]cial value4  ,a4 ,r4 ,h>d+4        
,,deadfalls ,,& ,,sn>es    ,,*apt] ,i4  

,,build+ ,,deadfalls4  ,dur+ ! c5turies 
t trapp+ has be5 c>ri$ on1 n only 9     
,am]ica1 b ?ru\t ! entire _w1 v>i\s k9ds
 ( traps & sn>es h be5 9 use & tak5 by  
all classes ( trapp]s & 9 all sections !
 home-made traps are ( great numb]s4 ,! 
numb] ( furs caught ea* ye> is l>ge4  ,!
 above 0 said by a trapp] "s ye>s ago :o
 has sp5t upw>ds ( =ty ye>s 9 ! =e/s &  
is well acqua9t$ ) traps1 trapp]s &     
fur-be>+ animals4 ,:e!r ! /atem5t is    
true or n1 matt]s b little1 al?o "o ?+  
is c]ta9 & t is t _m ( ! m5 :o h sp5t   
ye>s 9 trapp+ & h be5 successful use !  
deadfalls & sn>es z well z /eel traps4  
,ano!r trapp] says3 ,9 my op9ion trapp+ 
is an art & any trapp] t is n able to   
make & set a deadfall1 :5 occasion      
dem&s1 does n belong to ! pr(ession4 ,i 
w give a few ( ! _m reasons :y dead     
falls are good4  #a4 ,!re is no weight  
to c>ry4  #b4 ,_m ( ! be/ trapp]s use   
!m4  #c4 ,x requires no capital to set a
 l9e ( deadfalls4  #d4 ,!re is no loss (
 traps by trap ?ieves1 b ! fur is 9 z   

mu* dang]4  #e4 ,deadfalls d n mangle   
animals or injure _! fur4  #f4 ,x is a  
humane way ( kill+ animals4  #g4 ,!re is
 no loss by animals twi/+ (f a foot or  
leg & gett+ away4  #h4 ,animals are     
kill$ outright1 hav+ no *ance to w>n    
o!rs ( _! k9d by _! cries f be+ caught4 
#i4 ,trapp]s always h ! necess>y outfit 
7axe & knife7 ) !m to make & set a      
deadfall t w kill ! l>ge/ animals4  #aj4
 ,! l>ge/ deadfalls c be made to spr+   
easy & cat* small game if requir$4  #aa4
 ,deadfalls w kill skunk )\t leav+ any  
sc5t4  #ab4 ,deadfalls are *eap &       
trapp]s %\ld be famili> ) !m4  ,x is a  
safe proposition1 h[ev]1 t n "o-half ( !
 trapp]s ( today c build a deadfall     
prop]ly or "k h[ to make sn>es1 & _m (  
!m h n s mu* z se5 "o4  ,fir/ a little  
p5 ab\t a foot squ>e is built ( /ones1  
*unks1 or by driv+ /akes close toge!r1  
leav+ "o side op54 ,! /akes %\ld be cut 
ab\t ?irty in*es long & driv5 into !    
gr\nd "s f\rte5 in*es1 leav+ sixte5 or  
!reab\t above ! gr\nd4 ,( c\rse if ! e>?

 is v solid1 /akes ne$ n be s long1 b   
%\ld be s driv5 t only ab\t sixte5 in*es
 rema9 above gr\nd4 ,a sapl+ say f\r    
in*es 9 diamet] & f\r feet long is laid 
across ! end t is op54 ,a sapl+ t is    
f\r1 five or six in*es 9 diamet]1 ow+ to
 :at y are trapp+ =1 & ab\t twelve feet 
long1 is n[ cut = ! fall4 ,/akes are set
 s t ?is pole or fall w play ov] ! %ort 
pole on ! gr\nd4 ,^! /akes %\ld be driv5
 9 pairs2 two ab\t eighte5 in*es f !    
end2 two ab\t f\rte5 f>!r back4 7,see   
illu/ration47    ,illu/ration3 ,,!      
,,pole ,,deadfall4  ,! small end ( !    
pole %\ld be split & a small b /\t /ake 
driv5 firmly ?ru x s !re w be no dang] (
 ! pole turn+ & go+ (f ( its own accord4
 ,! trap is set by plac+ ! prop 7:i* is 
only sev5 in*es 9 l5g? & half an in*    
?ru7 betwe5 ! top log & ! %ort "o on !  
gr\nd1 to :i* is atta*$ ! long trigg]1  
:i* is only a /ick ab\t ! size ( ! prop1
 b ab\t twice z long1 ! bait$ end ( :i* 
ext5ds back into ! little p54  ,! bait  
may consi/ ( a piece ( *ick51 rabbit or 

any t\gh bit ( meat s long z x is fre% &
 ! bloodi] ! bett]4 ,an animal on sc5t+ 
! bait w rea* into ! trap--! top ( ! p5 
hav+ be5 c>efully cov]$ ov]--betwe5 !   
logs4 ,:5 ! animal seizes ! bait ! long 
trigg] is pull$ (f ( ! upright prop &   
d[n comes ! fall1 kill+ ! animal by its 
weight4 ,skunk1 coon1 opossum1 m9k & 9  
fact ne>ly all k9ds ( animals are easily
 caught 9 ?is trap4 ,! fox is an        
exception1 z x is r h>d to cat* !m 9    
deadfalls4  ,! m c>e t y take to build !
 p5 tight & /rong1 ! less liable is "s  
animal to te> x d[n & get bait f !      
outside2 also if y w cov] ! p5 ) leaves1
 grass1 /icks1 etc41 animals w n be s %y
 ( ! trap4 ,! trigg]s are v simple1 !   
long "o be+ plac$ on top ( ! upright1 or
 %ort "o4 ,! long trigg]s %\ld h a %ort 
prong left or a nail driv5 9 x to prev5t
 ! game f gett+ ! bait (f too easy4 ,if 
y f9d x h>d to get sapl+s ! "r size = a 
fall1 & are too light1 !y c be weight$ )
 a pole laid on ! fall4    ,illu/ration3
 ,,small ,,animal ,,fall4  ,i w try &   

give directions & draw+ ( deadfalls :i* 
,i h us$ to "s ext5t = ye>s1 writes a   
,ma9e trapp]1 & c say t mo/ all animals 
c be captur$ 9 !m z %[n 9 illu/ration4  
,y w see ! deadfall is con/ruct$ ( /akes
 & rocks & is made z foll[s3 ,select a  
place :]e !re is game2 y ne$ an axe1 "s 
nails1 also /rong /r+1 a pole f\r in*es 
or m 9 diamet]4 ,notice ! cut ,no4 #a   
be+ ! drop pole :i* %\ld be ab\t six to 
sev5 feet long4 ,no4 #b is ! trip /ick1 
,no4 #c is /r+ ti$ to pole & trip /ick1 
,no4 #d is ! /akes = hold+ up ! weight1 
,no4 #e is ! small /akes driv5 ar\nd 9 !
 %ape ( lett] ,u1 %\ld be "o foot wide &
 two feet long4 ,no4 #f is ! rocks1 ,no4
 #g is ! bait4  ,n[ ?is is a great trap 
= tak+ skunk & is soon built :]e !re are
 small sapl+s & rocks4 ,?is trap is also
 us$ = m9k & coon4    99 99 99  ,!      
trapp]'s success dep5ds entirely ^u 8   
skill & no "o c expect ! be/ returns    
unless 8 "w is skillfully done4 ,d n    
,attempt to make t deadfall unless y are
 c]ta9 t y c make x "r & d n leave x    

till y are c]ta9 t x c\ld n be any bett]
 made4 ,i h se5 deadfalls s poorly made 
& improp]ly set t !y w\ld make angels   
weep1 nei!r 7 !y locat$ :]e game 0 apt  
to travel4 ,! deadfall if made "r &     
locat$ :]e game frequ5ts is q           
successful4  ,ano!r ?+1 boys1 ?9k out e 
little plan be=e y attempt x4 ,if s & s 
sets 8 traps "o way1 see if y c't       
improve on 8 plan & make x a little     
bett]4 ,d n ru% bl9dly into any new     
s*eme1 ,b look at x on all sides & make 
y\rself well acqua9t$ ) ! m]its &       
drawbacks ( x4 ,make good use ( y\r     
bra9s1 = ! animal in/9ct is its only    
protection & x is only by mak+ good use 
( y\r reason+ p[]s t y c fool him4      
,exp]i5ce may co/ money sometimes & loss
 ( pati5ce & temp]1 b 9 my e/imation x  
is ! trapp]'s be/ capital4  ,an old     
trapp] :o has a c\ple ( traps & lots (  
exp]i5ce w cat* m fur ?an ! gre5horn ) a
 complete outfit4  ,k is p[] 9 trapp+ z 
9 all o!r trades4  ,?is is ! old        
reliable p9*-head4 ,! picture does n %[ 

! cov]1 s ,i w describe x4 ,get "s %ort 
pieces ( bo>d or %ort poles & lay !m on 
! /ones 9 ! back "p ( ! p5 & on ! rais$ 
/ick 9 front4  ,lay !m close toge!r s ! 
animal _c crawl 9 at ! top4  ,!n get "s 
heavy /ones & lay !m on ! cov] to weight
 d[n & ?r[ "s dead we$s & grass ov] ! p5
 & trigg]s & y\r trap is complete4 ,:5 !
 animal tries to ent] & sets (f ! trap  
by press+ aga9/ ! long trigg] 9 front1  
he br+s ! weight$ pole d[n 9 ! middle ( 
8 back1 :i* soon /ops 8 e>?ly c>e]4     
,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,p9* ,,head4  ,?is   
deadfall c also be us$ at runways )\t   
bait4 ,no p5 or bait is requir$4 ,! game
 w be caught com+ f ei!r direction4 ,!  
trap is ?r[n by ! trigg] or pu%+ aga9/ x
 :5 pass+ ?ru4 ,dur+ sn[/orms ! trap    
requires consid]able att5tion to keep 9 
p]fect work+ ord]1 b at o!r times is    
always 9 ord] :5 plac$ at runways :]e x 
is us$ )\t bait4  ,! trap c also be us$ 
at d5s )\t bait ) success4 ,if us$ )    
bait x %\ld be plac$ a few feet f ! d5  
or ne> any place frequ5t$ by ! animal or

 animals y expect to cat*4  ,( c\rse we 
all admit ! /eel trap is m conv5i5t &   
up-to-date1 says a ,new ,hamp%ire       
trapp]4 ,y c make y\r sets fa/] & c     
*ange ! /eel trap f place to place2 (   
c\rse1 ! deadfall y _c4 ,b all ?is does 
n signify ! deadfall is no good2 !y are 
good & :5 m9k trapp+ ! deadfall is good4
 ,to ! trapp] :o traps 9 ! same locality
 e ye>1 :5 8 deadfalls are once built x 
is only a few m9utes' "w to put !m 9    
%ape1 !n he has got a trap = ! season4  
,i enclose a diagram ( a deadfall 7call$
 "h ,log ,trap7 :i*1 :5 prop]ly made &  
bait$1 !re is no su* a m9k cat*] 9 !    
trap l9e yet be5 devis$4 ,?is trap      
requires ab\t an h\r to make & = tools a
 camp hat*et & a good /rong jackknife1  
also a piece ( /rong /r+1 :i* all       
trapp]s c>ry4  ,?is trap %\ld be ab\t   
fifte5 in*es wide ) a p5 built ) /icks  
or pieces ( bo>ds driv5 9 ! gr\nd4 7,see
 diagram47 ,! jaws ( ?is trap consi/ (  
two pieces ( bo>d ?ree in*es wide & ab\t
 ?ree & a half feet long1 re/+ edgeways 

"o on ! o!r1 held firmly by f\r po/s    
driv5 9 ! gr\nd4 ,! top bo>d or drop    
%\ld move easily up & d[n be=e weights  
are put on4 ,! tr$dle %\ld be set ?ree  
in*es inside level ) ! top ( bottom     
bo>d4 ,?is is a r\nd /ick ab\t          
?ree-f\r?s in* ?ru1 re/+ aga9/ two pegs 
driv5 9 ! gr\nd4 7,see diagram47 ,! lev]
 %\ld be ! same 9 size4 ,n[ put y\r /\t 
/r+ ar\nd top bo>d4  ,!n set1 pass lev] 
?ru ! /r+ ov] ! cross piece & lat* x 9  
front ( ! tr$dle4  ,!n put on weights & 
adju/ to spr+1 heavy or light z desir$4 
,?is trap %\ld be set ar\nd old dams or 
log jams by ! brook1 bait$ ) fi%1       
muskrat1 rabbit or *ick54               
,illu/ration3 ,,bo>d ,,or ,,pole ,,trap4
  ,i h]e) enclose a draw+ ( a deadfall t
 ,i use = ev]y?+ up to be>1 writes a    
,rocky ,m\nta9 trapp]1 ,i hate to       
ackn[l$ge t ,i h us$ x to get lope meat 
)1 because ,i sometimes believe 9 fir+ z
 few %ots z ,i c 9 "s p>ts ( ! ,m\nta9s4
    ,illu/ration3 ,,bait ,,set          
,,deadfall4  ,draw+  ,no4 #a %[s x us$ =

 bait2 a sn>e c be us$ on x at ! same "t
 by putt+ ! drop or weight :]e x isn't  
liable to fall on ! animal4 ,put !      
weight on ! o!r side ( tree or make x   
fall ) ! animal to "o side4 ,9 ?is case 
a pole mu/ be /rictly us$4 ,a good siz$ 
rock is all "r = small animals4 ,! clos]
 spikes #a & #b are toge!r & ! long] !  
tugg] end on bottom1 ! easi] x w pull   
(f4  ,fig4 #a4--,spike driv5 9 tree     
"o-half in* deep] ?an spike ,no4 #b     
7,fig4 ,no4 #b7 to all[ = not*4         
#c--;,bait on end ( trigg]4  #d--;,heavy
 rock or log4  #e--,wire1 f9e s(t /eel4 
#f--,trigg] ) not* cut 9 x4  #g--,not*  
cut 9 trigg] ,fig ,g4 ,spike ,no4 #b mu/
 h head cut (f & p\nd$ flat on end4  ,9 
sett+ x across a trail a peg mu/ be     
driv5 9 ! gr\nd4 ,9 ?is peg ! spikes are
 driv5 in/ead ( tree z 9 draw+ ,no4 #a4 
,! end ( bru% /ick 9 betwe5 peg & trigg]
 end & :5 an animal comes ei!r way x w  
knock ! bru% & x knocks out ! trigg]4   
,good1 s(t /eel wire %\ld be us$ ,9     
sett+ ?is deadfall along riv] bank a /\t

 /ick c be driv5 9 bank & hang out ov]  
wat]4 ,?is /ick w take ! place ( a limb 
on tree4 ,"o end ( a pole held 9 a      
slant+ position by weigh+ "o end d[n ) a
 rock w d ! same z limb on tree4 ,if a  
tree is h&y & no limb1 lean a /\t pole  
up aga9/ ! tree & cut not*es 9 x = wire 
to "w on4    ,illu/ration3 ,,trail ,,set
 ,,deadfall4  #a--,trail4  #b--,log4    
#c--,trigg] same z = bait on top        
deadfall draw+4  #d--,/ake driv5 9 gr\nd
 ) spikes driv5 9 x same z above 9 tree4
  #e--,spikes same z above4  #f--,wire4 
#g--,tree4  #h--;,bru% put 9 trail ) "o 
end betwe5 trigg] & peg to knock (f     
trigg] :5 t\*$4  ,?is deadfall has nev] 
fail$ me & :5 trapp+ 9 p>ts ( ! c\ntry  
:]e lynx1 coyote or wolv]9e are liable  
to eat m>t5 9 traps1 use a sn>e & x w   
hang 'em high & out ( rea*4 ,sn>e to be 
fa/5$ to trigg]4  ,( c\rse a little p5  
has to be built :5 sett+ ?is deadfall ) 
bait4 ,9 sett+ 9 trail x beats any      
deadfall ,i h ev] us$ = su* animals z h 
a nature to foll[ a trail4 ,a f9e wire c

 also be ti$ to ! trigg] & /ret*$ across
 trail in/ead ( a bru% & ti$ on !       
opposite side ( trail4 ,i l x1 z !      
weight c be put high en\gh f ! gr\nd to 
kill an elk :5 x drops4    ,,*apt] ,,ii4
  ,,be> ,,& ,,coon ,,deadfall4  ,i w    
expla9 h[ to make ! be/ be> deadfall1   
also ! be/ "o = coon t ev] 0 made1      
writes an old & successful deadfall     
trapp]4 ,fir/ get a pole six or eight   
feet long = b$ piece1 get ano!r sixte5  
or eighte5 feet long & lay x on top ( b$
 piece4 ,n[ drive two /akes1 "o on ea*  
side ( b$ piece & pole & ne> "o end ( b$
 piece4 ,ab\t #ah or #bj in*es f fir/   
two /akes drive two m /akes1 "o on ea*  
side ( b$ piece & fall pole4 ,n[ drive  
two m /akes directly 9 front ( y\r two  
back /akes & ab\t two in*es 9 front4    
,next cut a /ick long en\gh to come j to
 ! outside ( la/ two /akes driv54 ,!n   
:ittle ! ends (f squ>e s x w "w easy    
betwe5 ! treadle /akes & ! two inside   
/akes t y\r fall works 92 next raise y\r
 fall pole ab\t ?ree feet high4 ,get a  

/ick ab\t "o in* ?ru1 cut x s t x w be  
long en\gh to re/ aga9/ y\r treadle & t 
%ort /ick is y\r treadle :5 x is rais$  
above ! b$ a piece1 cut ! end (f slant+ 
s x w fit aga9/ ! treadle good4         
,illu/ration3 ,,be> ,,or ,,coon         
,,deadfall4  ,slant ! o!r end s ! fall  
pole w fit good4 ,n[ five or six in*es f
 ! top ( ! slant$ /ick cut a not* 9 y\r 
slant$ /ick4 ,g to ! back side1 lift y\r
 pole up1 set ! po/ on ! b$ piece4      
,place ! top ( ! slant$ /ick aga9/ !    
fall pole4 ,!n place ! pole (f po/ 9 !  
not* 9 slant /ick4 ,press back on bottom
 ( slant$ /ick & place y\r treadle aga9/
 ! /ick4 ,y\r trap is set4 ,make ,v %ape
 on inside ( treadle by driv+ /akes 9 ! 
gr\nd1 c$> or p9e1 & h$ge x 9 tight all 
ar\nd4 ,if su* !re is n1 make x z tight 
z y c4 ,cov] ! top tight1 ! cubby %\ld  
be #c feet long1 #c feet high & wide z  
y\r treadle /akes4  ,/ake ! bait ne> !  
back end ( cubby4 ,be sure ! treadle is 
j above ! b$ piece4 ,take ! pole (f !   
cubby to set ! trap z y h set x f ?is   

side4 ,y c set x heavy or light by      
regulat+ ! treadle4 ,i sometimes drive  
spikes 9 ! b$ piece & file !m (f %>p z x
 w hold bett]4 ,y c weight ! fall poles 
z mu* z y l aft] x is set4 ,don't y see1
 boys1 t ! old fell[ comes along & to g 
9 he surely w /ep on ! treadle4 ,bang1 x
 0 l[]$ & y h got him4  ,?is is ! be/   
coon deadfall ,i ev] saw4 ,! fall pole =
 coon %\ld be ab\t #ad in*es high :5    
set4 ,set x "u trees or along brooks :]e
 y c see coon signs4 ,bait ) frogs1     
crabs or fi%1 a piece ( muskrat or duck 
= coon4 ,build x mu* ! same z = be>1    
only mu* small]4 ,y w f9d ?is a         
successful trap4    99 99 99  ,i w      
describe a deadfall = be> :i* ,i use1 & 
:i* works ! be/ ( any ,i h tri$1 says a 
,montana trapp]4 ,i h two small trees   
ab\t #cj in*es ap>t1 cut a pole #aj feet
 long = a b$ piece & place 9 front (    
trees !n cut a not* 9 ea* tree ab\t #bg 
in*es above ! b$ piece1 & nail a good1  
/rong piece across f "o tree to ! o!r 9 
! not*es4 ,cut a long pole five or six  

in*es ?r\gh = ! deadfall1 place ! l>ge  
end on top ( b$ log1 lett+ end /ick by !
 tree f> en\gh to place on poles =      
weights4  ,!n cut two /akes & drive on  
outside ( bo? poles1 & fa/5 top ( /akes 
to ! trees "o foot above ! cross piece4 
,!n on ! inside1 #cj in*es f ! trees1   
drive two m solid /akes ab\t #b feet    
ap>t & nail a piece across !m #f in*es  
l[] ?an ! cross piece betwe5 ! trees4   
,!n cut a lev] ab\t ?ree feet long &    
flatt5 "o end1 & a bait /ick ab\t two   
feet long4 ,cut two not*es #f in*es     
ap>t1 "o squ>e on ! top & ! o!r on !    
bottom1 & bo? close to ! top end ( bait 
/ick4  ,fa/5 bait on ! o!r end & !n     
raise up ! deadfall1 place ! lev] /ick  
across ! /ick nail$ betwe5 ! two trees1 
lett+ ! end run six in*es "u ! deadfall4
 ,take ! bait /ick & hook l[] not* on ! 
piece nail$ on ! two /akes & place end (
 lev] 9 ! top not*1 !n cut weights &    
place on ea* side until y ?9k y h en\gh 
to hold any be>4 ,!n put on z _m m & x w
 be ab\t "r4 ,/& up old *unks ar\nd !   

sides & back & lots ( gre5 bru% on !    
outside4 ,get x s he c't see ! bait4  ,x
 doesn't require a v solid p54 ,i drive 
ab\t ?ree %ort /akes 9 front & leave !m 
"o foot high1 s :5 he pulls back !y w   
come aga9/ him1 & ! set is complete4 ,y 
c weight x ) a ton ( poles & /ill x w   
spr+ easy4 ,! clos] toge!r ! two not*es 
! easi] x w spr+4  ,?is trap c be built 
light] & is good = coon4 ,9 fact1 w cat*
 o!r fur be>]s1 b is n especially       
recomm5d$ = small animals1 su* z erm9e &
 m9k4    ,,*apt] ,,iii4  ,,ott]         
,,deadfalls4  ,at ! pres5t day :5 /eel  
traps are s *eap & abundant x may s\nd v
 primitive & an unc]ta9 way ( trapp+ ^! 
animals = "o to advocate ! use ( !      
deadfall1 especially z e hunt] kn[s !   
animal is mu* m at home 9 ! wat] ?an on 
l&4 ,b on l& !y g & x 0 by deadfalls !  
way-back ,indians kill$ a _m t 7 9 _!   
packs at ! end ( ! hunt+ season4  ,(    
c\rse ^! wood5 traps 7 n set at haphaz>d
 ?ru ! bru% z m>t5 traps1 b 7 set up at 
! ott] slide places1 & :]e !y cross$    

po9ts 9 riv] b5ds1 or x might be :]e a  
n>r[ /rip ( l& connect$ two lakes4 ,^!  
places 7 kn[n f "o g5]ation to ano!r & !
 old traps 7 fre%5$ up spr+ & fall by "s
 memb] ( ! family hunt+ ^? gr\nds4  ,^! 
special deadfalls 7 call$ ott] traps1 b 
really :5 once set 7 op5 = mo/ any      
animal ( a m$ium size pass+ t pa?4 ,!   
writ] has kn[n beav]1 lynx1 fox & 9 "o  
in/ance a cub be> to be caught 9 "o ( ^!
 deadfalls4 ,!re 0 a simplicity &       
usefulness ab\t ^! traps t comm5d$ !m to
 ! trapp] & ev5 n[ 9 ?is ru% c5tury "s  
hunt]s might use !m ) advantage4  ,:5   
once set1 !y rema9 s until "s animal    
comes along & is caught4 ,i say caught  
because if prop]ly erect$ !y r>ely miss4
 ,!y require no bait & !re=e are nev]   
out ( ord] by ! depr$ations ( mice1     
squirrels or moose birds4 ,i knew a man 
:o caught two ott]s toge!r4 ,?is may    
s\nd fi%y1 b :5 once a pres5t g5]ation  
trapp] sees "o ( ^! traps set he w      
readily believe ?is app>5tly impossible 
result is q likely to happ54  ,! trap is

 made ?us3 ,cut f\r =k$ "y bir* ab\t    
five feet long1 po9t+ ! l[] ends & leav+
 ! =ks upp]mo/4 ,plant two ( ^! firmly 9
 ! gr\nd at ea* side ( ! ott] pa?1 ?ree 
in*es ap>t betwe5 !m & ab\t tw5ty in*es 
across ! pa?4 ,^! mu/ be driv5 v h>d 9 !
 gr\nd & a ?roat piece put 9 level      
betwe5 ! uprights across ! pa? f side to
 side4 ,z a *ok] & to support ! weight (
 logs to kill ! ott]1 cut a pole 7tam>ac
 pref]able7 long en\gh to pass ?ree feet
 ea* side ( y\r picket or uprights1 see 
t ?is falls easy & cle>4                
,illu/ration3 ,,ott] ,,deadfall4  ,n[   
cut two %ort poles = ! =ks to lay 9 f   
side to side ( ! pa?1 be+ 9 ! same      
direction z ! *ok]4 ,at ! middle ( "o ( 
^! %ort poles tie a good /\t cord or    
rope 7! ,indians us$ split "y roots71   
mak+ a loop ( same long en\gh to lay ov]
 ! pole 9 front & d[n to ! height ! *oke
 pole is go+ to be4 ,:5 set1 next comes 
! trigg] :i* mu/ be ( h>d wood & ab\t a 
foot long1 r\nd at "o end & flat at !   
o!r4 ,a groove is hack$ out all ar\nd ! 

/ick at ! r\nd end4 ,?is is to tie !    
cord to4  ,! *oke /ick is n[ br\ght up  
to say tw5ty in*es f ! gr\nd & re/$ on  
top ( ! trigg]4 ,a /ick ab\t an in* 9   
diamet] is plac$ outside ! pickets & !  
flat end ( ! trigg] is laid 9 aga9/ ?is4
 ,! ti$ /ick to be ab\t eight in*es f ! 
gr\nd4 ,! ty+ at ! end ( ! trigg] be+ at
 "o side w create a k9d ( lev]age       
suffici5tly /rong to press h>d aga9/ !  
ti$ /ick4 ,c>e mu/ be tak51 h[ev]1 to h 
?is pressure /rong en\gh b n too /rong =
 ! animal to set (f4  ,n[ load ea* end (
 ! *oke /ick ) small laps ( wood to     
insure hold+ :atev] may cat*4 ,a little 
loose moss or grass is plac$ fluffy "u  
tread /ick :5 set to insure ! ott] go+  
ov] & n "u4 ,:5 he clamb]s ov] ! tread  
/ick 8 weight depresses x1 ! trigg]     
flies up1 lett+ ! load$ b> fall on 8    
body1 :i* holds him till dea?4  ,:ile my
 description ( ! mak+ ( a deadfall =    
ott]s is pla9 en\gh to me1 yet ! novice 
may n succe$ 9 con/ruct+ "o ! fir/ "t4  
,/ill if he is a trapp] he w v soon     

p]ceive :]e any mi/ake may be & correct 
x4 ,i h us$ bo? /eel traps & deadfalls &
 al?o ,i d n wi% to />t a controv]sy yet
 ,i mu/ say t a deadfall well set is a  
good trap4 ,= m>t5 on a /ump !y are nev]
 cov]$ unless ) sn[1 nor is ! m>t5 :5   
caught de/roy$ by mice4  ,( c\rse1 to   
set a deadfall = ott] x mu/ be done 9 ! 
fall be=e ! gr\nd is froz54 ,once made1 
h[ev]1 x c be set up ei!r spr+ or fall &
 w1 ) a little repairs1 la/ = ye>s4 ,i  
am aw>e ! t5d5cy ( ! age is to progress 
& n to use obsolete me?ods1 /ill ev5 "s 
old ?+s h _! advantages4 ,good po9ts are
 n to be sne]$ at & "o ( ^! ,i ma9ta9 = 
spr+ & fall trapp+ 9 a di/rict :]e ott] 
move ab\t f lake to lake or riv] to riv]
 is ! old "t ,indian deadfall4          
,,*apt] ,,iv4  ,,m>t5 ,,deadfall4  ,hav+
 se5 a good _m descriptions ( deadfalls 
9 ! ,h-,t-,t lately1 writes a ,colorado 
trapp]1 ,i ?\ght ,i w\ld try to %[ ! k9d
 t is us$ ar\nd "h = m>t54 ,x is easily 
made1 & c always be kept above ! sn[4   
,fir/1 cut a pole 7z7 five or six in*es 

?r\gh & twelve feet long1 lay x 9 !     
crot* ( a tree five feet f ! gr\nd4 ,!n 
cut two /icks two in*es ?r\gh & fifte5  
in*es long1 cut a not* 9 ea* ?ree in*es 
f ! top & h ! not* 9 "o slant d[nw>ds   
7,b71 ! o!r upw>ds 7,a74 ,! /icks %\ld  
be nail$ on ea* side ( ! pole 7z71 ! top
 ( :i* %\ld be flatt5$ a little4 ,h !   
not*es ab\t six in*es above ! top ( !   
pole4  ,cut ano!r /ick #aj in*es long   
7,f71 cut ! top (f squ>e & nail x six   
in*es f>!r d[n ! pole on ! same side z  
7,b71 h ! top five in*es above ! top (  
pole 7,z74 ,n[ cut two m /icks two &    
"o-half feet long 7,c-,d71 cut a not* 9 
ea* two in*es f ! top & nail a /ick 7,e7
 across !m 9 ! not*es1 s !y w be ab\t   
sev5 in*es ap>t4 ,set a /raddle ( ! pole
 7,z72 !y %\ld be two in*es f>!r d[n !  
pole ?an 7,f74 ,!n cut ano!r pole 7,x7  
t5 feet long1 lay x "u 7,z71 lift up "o 
end ( x & nail ! /ick ,c & ,d to ea*    
side ( x4 ,see t :5 ! /icks ,c1 ,d & ,e 
are lift$ up !y w fall cle> & easily4   
,illu/ration3 ,,m>t5 ,,deadfall4  ,n[   

cut a bait /ick 7,g7 "o-half in* ?r\gh &
 sev5 in*es long1 %>p5$ at "o end4 ,cut 
ano!r /ick 7,h7 an in* ?r\gh & fifte5   
in*es long1 flatt5 a little on "o side4 
,to set ! trap lift up ,c1 ,d1 ,e & ,x1 
& put ! end ( ,h "u ,e & re/ x on ! top 
( ,f1 hold d[n ! o!r end :ile y put !   
bait /ick 7,g7 9 ! not*es ,a & ,b1 !n   
let ! end ( ,h come up on ! outside ( ,b
 aga9/ ! end ( ,g4 ,put ! bait on ! o!r 
end ( ,g2 :5 ! end is pull$ out ( ! not*
 ! trap w spr+ & spr+ easily if made    
prop]ly4 ,lay a block ( wood at ! back  
end & "s small /icks on top1 s ! animal 
w h to crawl "u ,e to get ! bait4       
,muskrat makes ! be/ bait = m>t54    99 
99 99  ,:5 y f9d a tall /raight spruce  
or some?+ t is pretty /raight 7n a      
balsam7 cut x ab\t a foot ov] y\r head1 
says a ,nor?we/]n trapp]1 or z high z y 
c4 ,:5 y h cut x1 split ! /ump d[n !    
c5t] two feet4 ,be c>eful do+ ?is1 = y  
are /rik+ a dang]\s bl[ z ,i h good     
cause to "k & rememb]4 ,trim out ! tree 
clean & tap] (f ! butt end to make x    

ent] into split4 ,drive d[n into split  
ab\t f\rte5 in*es4 ,cut a crot* into    
gr\nd or sn[ solid4  ,n[ cut ! mate (   
?is piece already 91 split & put into   
split & into crot* on top ( o!r4 ,h !   
piece heavy en\gh to hold wolv]9e4 ,see 
cuts = ! re/4 ,cov] bait z %[n 9 cut4 ,i
 d n make my trip /icks ! same z o!rs1 b
 ,i am afraid t ,i _c expla9 x to y4    
,see cuts = ?is also4 ,use y\r own      
judgm5t4 ,( c\rse y w sometimes f9d x is
 n necess>y to g to all ?is bo!r4 ,=    
in/ance1 sometimes y w f9d a natural    
hang] = y\r trap4 ,!n y don't h to h !  
long peg or pole to hold x /iff4        
,illu/ration3 ,,m>t5 ,,trap ,,trigg]s4  
,?is trap is us$ heavy en\gh by "s long 
l9e trapp]s = wolv]9e4 ,!y black5 bait &
 cov] z %[n 9  ,no4 #d4 ,9 ! two small  
illu/rations ! trigg]s are %[n 9 ,no4 #a
 sep>ate & 9 ,no4 #b set4 ,a is ! bait &
 trip /ick1 ,b ! lev]1 ,c is ! upright4 
,b 9 ,no4 #a is :]e ! bait %\ld be4     
,illu/ration3 ,,ano!r ,,m>t5 ,,deadfall4
  ,9 ,no4 #c ,a is bait1 ,e is p9 :i*   

fa/5s deadfall to "u pole & prev5ts     
deadfall f turn+ to "o side4 ,f is po/  
to keep "u pole f b5d+4  ,9 ,no4 #d ,,hh
 are nails :i* fa/5 d[n a spr+y piece ( 
wood to keep cov] ov] bait4 ,cov] ) fir 
or spruce b\ghs4    99 99 99  ,ano!r    
deadfall mu* us$ by m>t5 trapp]s is     
con/ruct$ by cutt+ a not* 9 a tree ab\t 
a foot 9 diamet]1 al?o ! size ( ! tree  
makes little diff]5ce4 ,! not* %\ld be  
f\r in*es deep & a foot up & d[n & z    
high up z ! trapp] c cut--f\r or five   
feet4  ,only "o pole is ne$$ = ?is trap 
z ! bottom ( ! not* cut answ]s = ! b$ or
 bottom piece4 7,see illu/ration47 ,!   
pole = ! fall %\ld be f\r in*es or m 9  
diamet] & any:]e f six to t5 feet 9     
l5g?1 dep5d+ ^u ! place select$ to set4 
,! end f>!re/ f ! bait or not*$ tree mu/
 be z high z ! not*4 ,?is c be done by  
driv+ a =k$ /ake into ! gr\nd or by ty+ 
t end ( ! pole to a small tree if !re is
 "o gr[+ at ! "r place4    ,illu/ration3
 ,,high ,,built ,,m>t5 ,,deadfall4  ,if 
! pole = ! fall is l>g] ?an ! not* is   

deep1 ! end mu/ be flatt5$ s t x w "w   
easy 9 ! not*1 z a piece ( wood has be5 
nail$ ov] ! not* to hold ! fall pole 9  
place4  ,! trigg]s us$ are g5]ally !    
figure #d & set ) bait po9t+ z %[n4 ,!re
 is no place = ! m>t5 to /& :ile eat+   
bait1 only 9 %elf1 & ( c\rse :5 ! sp9dle
 is pull$1 d[n comes ! pole kill+ !     
animal4    ,illu/ration3 ,,tree         
,,deadfall4  ,?is %elf protects ! bait &
 b$ piece & ! sn[ does n fill 9 betwe5 &
 require s mu* att5tion z ! "o fir/     
describ$4  ,?is deadfall may also be    
built on a /ump ) a small enclosure or  
p5 & ! two-piece trigg] us$4 ,mo/       
trapp]s place ! bait or long trigg] on  
bottom pole1 :5 trapp+ = m>t54 ,x w be  
readily se5 t a m>t51 to get ! bait1 w  
/& betwe5 ! fall & b$ or "u pole & (    
c\rse is caught :ile try+ to get ! bait4
    ,illu/ration3 ,,m ,,m>t5 ,,trap     
,,trigg]s4  ,! height t deadfalls = m>t5
 %\ld be built dep5ds ^u h[ deep ! sn[  
gets4 ,9 ! fall & e>ly w9t] !y c be     
built on ! gr\nd or logs & o!r fur-be>]s

 are tak5 z well4  ,a few in*es ( sn[ w 
n int]f]e ) ! work+s ( deadfalls on !   
gr\nd1 b deep sn[s w4 ,to make cat*es ! 
trapp] mu/ clean out "u ! fall pole ea* 
r\nd4 ,?is is no small task4 ,! trapp]  
is always on ! look\t = suitable places 
to con/ruct ,m>t5 deadfalls4  ,:5 ! sn[s
 get sev]al feet deep1 & ! trapp] makes 
8 r\nds on sn[%oes1 ! deadfalls         
con/ruct$ sev]al feet above ! gr\nd are 
! ones t make ! cat*es4    ,,*apt] ,v4  
,,/one ,,deadfalls4  ,! /one deadfall "h
 describ$ is us$ by trapp]s :]ev] flat  
/ones c be f\nd & is a good trap to cat*
 skunk1 opossum1 m9k & o!r small game 94
 ,! trap is made z foll[s3  ,! figure #d
 trigg] is be/ = ?is trap & is made aft]
 ?is mann]3 /&>d 7#a7 is made by cutt+ a
 /ick five or six in*es long out ( h>d  
wood & :ittl+ x to a flat po9t1 b blunt 
at "o end2 7#b7 is ab\t five in*es long 
) a not* cut )9 ab\t "o & "o-half in*es 
( ! end ) ! o!r end made squ>e s t x w  
fit 9 7#c7 :i* is ! bait /ick4 ,?is is  
only a /raight /ick sixte5 or eighte5   

in*es long1 :ile ! o!r end ( ! /ick %\ld
 h a small prong on x1 a tack driv5 91  
or some?+ to hold ! bait 9 position4 ,! 
be/ way w be to tie ! bait on also4     
,illu/ration3 ,,flat ,,/one ,,trap4     
,aft] y h f\nd a flat /one weigh+ f #ej 
to #ajj p\nds1 dep5d+ ^u :at game y     
expect to trap1 select ! place = ! trap1
 fir/ place a small flat /one und]nea? s
 t y\r game w be kill$ quick] & also s t
 ! upright trigg] w n s9k into ! gr\nd4 
,lift up ! l>ge1 or upp] /one1 kneel+ on
 "o knee be=e ! /one re/+ ! weight ( !  
/one on ! o!r4 ,?is leaves bo? h&s free 
to set ! trap4 ,?is is done by plac+ !  
trigg]s 9 ! position %[n 9 illu/ration &
 !n lett+ ! /one d[n v easily on !      
trigg]s4 ,y %\ld keep y\r knee "u ! /one
 all ! "t until y see t x comes d[n     
easily & does n g (f ( its own weight4  
,! bait %\ld always be put on be=e !    
trap is set4 ,?is trap w g (f easy & y  
mu/ be c>eful t ! bait y put on is n too
 heavy & w cause ! trap to fall ( its   
own accord4  ,?is trap c be made to cat*

 rabbits :i* w come 9 h&y to bait o!r   
traps = l>g] game4 ,9 trapp+ = rabbits  
bait ) apples1 cabbage1 etc4  ,?is trap 
does n take long to make1 z no p5 ne$ be
 built1 ! top /one is l>ge en\gh to     
/rike ! animal1 mak+ no diff]5ce 9 :at  
position x gets :5 aft] ! bait4 ,a /one 
two or ?ree in*es ?ick & say ?irty in*es
 across & ! same l5g? or a little long] 
is ab\t ! prop] size = skunk1 opossum1  
etc41 b ( c\rse l>g] or small] /ones c  
be us$--:atev] y f9d conv5i5t4    99 99 
99  ,?is trap consi/s ( a flat piece (  
/one support$ by ?ree fits ( wood1 !    
:ole tr\ble be+ 9 mak+ ^! ?ree fits "r1 
& ?is c be done by c>efully comp>+ !    
description "h giv5 ) illu/rations1     
:5ev] !y are ref]r$ to4 ,! p>ts are all 
made ( wood ab\t ?ree-eigh?s ( an in*   
?ick4 ,fig4 #a is ?irte5 in*es long1 )  
not*es ab\t "o-sixte5? ( an in* deep cut
 9 its upp] side1 two ( ! not*es ne>    
toge!r & at "o end1 & ano!r f\r & a half
 in*es f ! fir/ two4 ,! latt] not* %\ld 
be cut a little slop+ across ! /ick4    

,illu/ration3 ,,/one ,,deadfall         
,,trigg]s4  ,figure #a repres5ts a top  
view & ! piece next bel[ x is a side    
view ( ! piece ( wood z x %\ld be made1 
& end f>!re/ f ! not*es be+ trimm$ to a 
po9t to hold ! bait4 ,?is con/itutes !  
trigg]4  ,! lev] is %[n 9 ,fig4 #b1 !   
cut above giv+ a side view & t bel[ x a 
bottom view ( ?is "p ( ! trap4 ,! piece 
( wood ne$$ = x is six & "o-half in*es  
long1 "o in* wide at "o end1 & tap]+ d[n
 to ?ree-sixte5?s ( an in* at ! o!r2 a  
not* is cut across ! "u side "o & a half
 in*es f ! wide end4 ,level (f ! upp]   
side ( ! n>r[ end to ab\t "o-half !     
orig9al ?ickness4 ,if ! flat /one to be 
us$ is a heavy "o1 ! not* mu/ n be m ?an
 #a in* f ! end2 o!rwise ! lev]age on ! 
not*es w\ld be great] ?an is desirable1 
t5d+ to hold ! p>ts toge!r too rigidly4 
,! upright po/1 ,fig4 #c1 is sev5 in*es 
long1 slightly =k$ at ! bottom 7to make 
x /& firm & prev5t twi/+ r\nd :5 9 use71
 ! upp] end bevel$ f ! front backw>ds at
 an angle ( ab\t #de degrees4 ,! front (

 ! upright is ! side t w\ld face a p]son
 /&+ exactly opposite ! trap :5 set4    
,on ! "r side cut a long not*1 half !   
wid? ( ! wood 9 dep?1 comm5c+ ! holl[   
slope ( ! not* "o in* f ! l[] end & mak+
 ! squ>e %\ld] j ?ree in*es f ! bottom (
 ! po/2 level ! %\ld] (f f ! front s z  
to leave only a n>r[ edge4 ,place ! po/ 
upright1 7see ,fig4 #d7 x's =k$ end /&+ 
on a small piece ( wood or flat /one1 to
 prev5t x f s9k+ into ! gr\nd2 bait !   
po9t$ end ( ! trigg] & hold x up        
horizontally ) its middle not*1 cat*+   
beh9d ! %\ld] ( ! not* 9 ! upright po/2 
!n place ! bevel$ end ( ! lev] 9 ! not* 
at ! end ( trigg]1 ! not* 9 ! lev] lay+ 
on ! edge ( ! top ( ! upright po/4      
,la/ly1 make ! /one re/ on ! top ( !    
lev]1 arrang+ ! /one s t ! bait w be ne>
 ! l[] end ( ! /one4  ,x is a good plan 
to holl[ out ! gr\nd some:at "u :]e !   
/one falls1 to all[ a space = ! pieces (
 ! ,fig4 #d to lay )\t dang] ( be+      
brok54 ,! bait1 also1 %\ld be some?+ t w
 flatt5 easily & n h>d en\gh to tilt !  

/one up aft] x has fall54  ,! tr\ble )  
mo/ deadfalls usually set1 is 9 ! weight
 ( /one4 ,:5 y get "o heavy en\gh x w n 
trip easy :5 game takes hold1 & (t5times
 break head piece :]e ! head takes hold 
( /&>d4 ,! head piece f /one d[n to :]e 
/&>d sets 9 not* %\ld be fully #b #a_/d 
in*es1 s :5 /one />ts to fall x ?r[s    
trigg]s out f "u2 o!rwise1 /one w cat* &
 break !m4    ,illu/ration3 ,,!         
,,invitation--,,skunk4  ,"y trapp]s :5 y
 are mak+ trigg]s prep>atory = y\r sets1
 tie ea* pair toge!r sep>ately z !y are 
f9i%$1 !n :5 y are ready to set !re are 
no misfits4 ,n[ we are up to ! bait     
/ick4 ,x %\ld "u no condition1 be m ?an 
#i in*es long1 & (t5times %ort] w answ] 
bett]4 ,a slott$ not* on "o end ! wid? (
 trigg]s1 & %>p5$ at ! o!r1 is all t is 
necess>y4 ,!n ! bait w lay on !         
f\ndation ( trap )9 #e or #f in*es (    
front ( ! trap4 ,don't put bait away    
back "u /one4 ,y loose all ! =ce :5 x   
falls4  ,9 build+ f\ndations = traps !  
utmo/ caution %\ld be ex]cis$ 9 gett+ !m

 good & solid4 7,see h[ well y c d x    
in/ead ( h[ quick47 ,beg9 9 ! fall be=e 
! trapp+ season is on1 locate & build   
y\r trap1 & be sure ! top /one is pl5ty 
heavy1 raise x up & let x fall sev]al   
times4 ,if x comes toge!r ) ! bang ( a  
wolf trap & w p9* a hair1 s mu* ! bett]4
  ,to illu/rate3 ,:ile squirrel %oot+ "o
 morn+ 9 ! fall ( #aije1 ,i 0 /&+ on a  
l$ge :]e ,i us$ to trap = coons1 & ,i   
happ5$ to rememb] ( a trap und]nea? me4 
,i j ?\ght ,i w\ld see if x 0 !re4 ,i   
w5t d[n & kick$ away ! drift$ leaves &  
f\nd x intact & ready = bus9ess4 ,:5 ,i 
lift$ x up ! f\ndation 0 z solid z ! day
 ,i put x !re1 & t 0 9 ! fall ( #ahij1 &
 ,i want to say "r "h t x took all !    
/r5g? ,i _h to set x4    ,illu/ration3  
,,kill$ ,,)\t ,,sc5t+   ,trapp]s1 if y w
 try "o or m ( ! above describ$         
deadfalls = ^? skunk1 ,i ?9k y c tie _! 
pelts ab\t y\r neck = protection cold   
morn+s1 & none w be ! wis] z f> z smell 
goes1 provid$1 h[ev]1 y put "s          
ob/ruction to ! "r & left ( ! trap s x w

 compel 8 skunk%ip to ent] direct 9     
front1 & !n c>efully adju/ ! l5g? ( bait
 /ick s /one w cru% him ab\t ! he>t4 ,i 
h tak5 q a lot ( skunk & v few ev] sc5t$
 :]e ! head & he>t 7 "u /one1 writes an 
,ohio trapp]4  ,i always _h a pref]5ce =
 above describ$ traps = _m reasons1 yet 
if y live :]e !re is no /one1 y are n 9 
x4    99 99 99  ,deadfalls come 9 h&y   
sometimes & ) no co/ :atev]--unless !   
co/ is build+ !m4 ,w s5d two            
illu/rations ( ! /one deadfalls writes a
 successful deadfall trapp]4 ,w say t   
!re is a "r & a wrong way to set !      
deadfall4 ,if y want to make sure ( y\r 
cat* nev] set y\r deadfall flat ) %ort  
trigg]s %ap$ l figure #d1 b make long   
trigg]s in/ead & h ! weight or *ok] sit 
almo/ upright & draw ! top trigg] close 
to ! "o t x re/s on at ! bottom4 ,9 ?is 
way y h a trap t w be v easy to t\* (f4 
,illu/ration3 ,,"r ,,& ,,wrong ,,way4   
,! way t "s set _! deadfalls ! animal c 
remove bait )\t be+ caught1 simply      
because !y draw ! bait out f "u ! trap &

 /& f> en\gh away to be out ( dang] (   
be+ caught4 ,i c take a two hundr$ p\nd 
weight & set a deadfall t w cat* a small
 field m\se b x w\ld n d to h !m knock t
 easy = y w get game t is too small to  
h&le4    ,,*apt] ,,vi4  ,,! ,,be> ,,p54 
,i w give a description ( a be> p51     
writes a ,canadian trapp]4 ,! bottom ( !
 floor is made fir/ ( two logs ab\t     
7#a-a7 n9e feet long & n9e or t5 in*es  
?ick4 ,!y are plac$ side by side z %[n 9
 cut & two o!r logs 7#b-b7 n9e feet long
 & eighte5 in*es 9 ?ickness are plac$ "o
 on ea* side ( ! bottom logs4 ,!n cut   
two %ort logs ab\t twelve or f\rte5     
in*es ?ick & long en\gh to rea* across !
 p5 & ext5d ab\t six in*es ov] ea* side4
 ,not* ^! d[n1 z %[n 9 cut 7#c-c7 s t ! 
top ( ! logs are ab\t ?ree or f\r in*es 
high] ?an ! sides4  ,cut not*es 9 ! top 
( ^! logs s t :5 logs #d-d w lay solid  
on top ( ! o!r side logs4 ,if !y don't  
lie solid en\gh bore holes 9 ! ends ( ! 
%ort logs & drive wood5 p9s 9 ! holes4  
,! top ( ! %ort logs & ! inside ( ! long

 logs %\ld be flatt5$ & a %ort block    
7#e7 fitt$ loosely 9 "o end1 & ! o!r end
 %\ld be clos$ by a block driv5 d[n 9   
not*es cut 9 ! sides ( #d-d1 z %[n 9    
small cut4 ,! top ( ! block 7#f7 %\ld be
 ab\t five in*es l[] ?an ! top ( ! side 
logs4 ,not*es are next cut 9 ! side     
logs1 directly ov] ?is block1 s t :5 !  
roll] 7#g7 is 9 place1 x w fit d[n      
snugly on ?is block4 ,! roll] is ab\t   
five in*es ?ick & %\ld turn easily 9 !  
not*es4    ,illu/ration3 ,,be> ,,p5     
,,trap4  ,! next /ep is to make ! lid4  
,x %\ld be made ( two logs ( su* a size 
t !y w entirely close ! top ( ! trap4   
,!y are not*es d[n & p9n$ onto ! roll] &
 block #e4 ,^! logs %\ld project ov] re>
 end ( p5 ab\t f\r or five feet4 ,be=e  
p9n+ ^! logs 9 places1 a hole %\ld be   
made = ! bait /ick1 half ( x be+ cut 9  
ea* log4 ,p9s %\ld be driv5 9 ! side    
logs1 ov] ! roll]1 s t ! be> _c raise ! 
lid4 ,two crot*es are !n cut & set up at
 ! sides ( ! trap & spik$ solid to !    
sides4 ,a %ort pole is !n plac$ 9 !     

crot*es & a long pole1 runn+ l5g?wise ( 
! trap1 is fa/5$ to ! lid at "o end )   
wire & ! o!r ends fits into a not* 9 !  
bait /ick :5 ! trap is set4 ,! bait /ick
 has a spike driv5 ?ru x on ! inside ( !
 trap to keep x f pull+ ?ru4  ,to set ! 
trap1 pile /ones on ! end ( ! lid until 
x w tip easily1 !n put a pole ?ru "u lid
 & g inside & fa/5 ! bait on ! bait     
/ick4 ,!n pull ! long pole d[n & hook x 
into ! not* 9 ! bait /ick4 ,remove !    
/ones f lid & take ! pole f "u x & !    
trap is set & ready = ! fir/ be> t comes
 along4 ,if ! lid does n seem heavy     
en\gh1 pile /one on x4 ,a trap ( ?is k9d
 may be made by two m5 9 half a day & w 
be good = a numb] ( ye>s4    99 99 99   
,! log trap is "o ( ! v be/ me?ods (    
tak+ ! be>1 x beats ! deadfall all to   
no?+1 says an old & exp]i5c$ ,ohio be>  
trapp]4 ,x is a sure %ot e "t2 ,i h nev]
 kn[n x to fail except :]e ! p5 _h /ood 
= a numb] ( ye>s & become rott54 ,9 a   
case ( t k9d ! be> w\ld h no difficulty 
9 gnaw+ 8 way out4 ,?is trap or p51 z ,i

 %all call x1 has be5 "t tri$ & be>     
te/$4 ,my fa!r us$ to make ^! traps & _m
 is ! "t :5 a boy ,i h ridd5 on         
horseback ^u a n>r[ pa?1 cut = ! purpose
 ( lett+ a horse pass along & on ne>+ ! 
p5 he>d ! gr[l+ & te>+ ar\nd ( ! be> 9 !
 p5 & ! hair on my head w\ld almo/ cr[d 
my hat (f4  ,g ab\t build+ x ?is way3   
,fir/ select ! spot :]e y h reason to   
believe t be> inhabit2 n[ hav+ made y\r 
selection1 get a level place & on ?is   
spot lay a c\rse ( logs ) ! top flatt5$ 
(f2 ?is may be eight by ?ree feet4 ,?is 
be+ done1 comm5ce to lay up ! h\se (    
logs six to eight in*es 9 diamet]4 ,?ree
 sides ( ea* log %\ld be flatt5$2 ^! w  
be ! top1 bottom & ! inside4 ,x is      
necess>y ?is be done1 = !y mu/ fit      
closely toge!r 9 ord] t ! be> _c get a  
/>t+ place to gnaw4 ,?is is :y ,i sugge/
 t ! inside ( ! log be flatt5$4 ,x is a 
well-kn[n fact t y c put any gnaw+      
animal into a squ>e box & he _c gnaw out
 = he _c get ! />t+ po9t4  ,lay a %ort  
log fir/1 !n a long "o1 not*+ ea* corn] 

z y g s ! logs w fit closely toge!r4 ,n[
 = ! front corn]s2 drive a flatt5$ /ake 
into ! gr\nd1 lett+ ! flatt5$ side come 
aga9/ ! logs4 ,n[ z y proce$ to lay on a
 c\rse ( logs p9 ?ru ! /ake into ea*    
log4 ,n[ g on up until y get a height ( 
ab\t f\r feet1 !n lay on1 = ! top1 a    
c\rse ( %ort logs comm5c+ at ! back end4
  ,betwe5 ! second & ?ird logs cut out a
 little not* & flatt5 ! "u side ( ?is   
log ar\nd ! not*2 ?is is to receive !   
trigg]1 :i* is made ( a small pole ab\t 
?ree in*es ?ick4 ,put ?is into ! hole & 
let x come d[n )9 t5 in*es ( ! floor4   
,!n cut a not* 9 ! side fac+ ! front ( !
 p5 & s x w fit up aga9/ ! "u side ( !  
leg ) ! not* 92 n[ y may make a not* 9 !
 trigg] ab\t six in*es above ! top ( !  
p5 & on ! same side ( ! trigg] t ! fir/ 
not* 0 made4 ,n[ ! trigg] is ready      
except adju/+ ! bait4    ,illu/ration3  
,,be> ,,ent]+ ,,p54  ,next lay a b9d] on
 top ( ! p5 & ^u ei!r end ( ! %ort c\rse
 ( logs2 p9 ! b9d]s at ei!r end s ! be> 
_c raise ! top (f ! p54 ,y may also lay 

on ?ree or f\r logs to weight x d[n &   
make x d\bly sure4 ,y may p9 ! fir/ %ort
 top log 9 front to ! side logs to keep 
! front ( ! p5 f spread+4 ,n[ we h !    
body ( ! p5 complete4  ,! door is ! next
 ?+ 9 ord]4 ,! fir/ or bottom log ought 
to be twelve feet long1 b x is n        
necess>y = ! balance ( !m to be t l5g?2 
flatt5 ! top & bottom ( ea* log s !y w  
lie tight toge!r1 also flatt5 (f !      
inside ( ! door s x w "w smoo?ly aga9/ !
 end ( ! p54 ,lay ! logs ( ! door onto !
 fir/ or long log1 putt+ a p9 9 ea* end 
( ! logs z y lay !m on4 ,g on ?is way   
until y h en\gh to rea* ! height ( ! p5 
& fully cov] ! op5+4  ,ano!r way ( fa/5+
 ! door toge!r is to get ! logs all     
ready1 !n lay !m ^u ! gr\nd & p9 two    
pieces across ! door4 ,ei!r way w d4 ,n[
 ! door be+ 9 read9ess1 put x 9 its     
place & drive two /akes 9 ! gr\nd to    
keep ! animal f %ov+ ! door away4 ,if ^!
 d n appe> to be solid en\gh to support 
! door aga9/ an onslaught1 y may cut a  
not* 9 ! outside ( ! /ake ne> ! top2 get

 a pole eight feet 9 l5g?1 %>p5 ! ends1 
lett+ "o end come 9 ! not* ( ! /ake & ! 
o!r into ! gr\nd2 ?is w hold ! door     
p]fectly solid4 ,cut a slight not* 9 !  
top log ( ! door = ! end ( ! sp9dle & ! 
next move is to raise ! door to ! prop] 
height4 ,set a /ud "u ! door to keep x f
 fall+4 ,get y\r sp9dle ready1 flatt5 ! 
top ( ei!r end a little1 !n cut a       
/an*ion j ! "r l5g? to set "u ! sp9dle  
on ! fir/ top log4  ,tie y\r bait onto !
 l[] end ( ! trigg]1 "o man go+ inside  
to put ! trigg] 9 ! prop] place4 ,to    
facilitate ! spr++ ( ! trap1 lay a small
 r\nd /ick 9 ! upp] not* ( ! trigg]1    
lett+ ! end ( ! sp9dle come up "u ! /ick
 & z ! be> gets hold ( ! meat on !      
bottom ( ! trigg] ! lea/ pull w roll !  
trigg] f ! end ( ! sp9dle4 ,h[ev]1 x w  
spr+ v easily z ! /an*ion "u ! end ( !  
sp9dle is s ne> ! end4  ,?is k9d ( trap 
c be made by two m5 9 "o day or less1 & 
x (t5 happ5s t ! hunt] & trapp] wants to
 set a trap = be> a long way f any      
settlem5t or road4 ,! c>ry+ ( a fifty   

p\nd be> trap a di/ance ( tw5ty or ?irty
 miles is no little task4 ,!n aga91 ?is 
trap co/s no?+ b a little "t & !        
trapp]'s :ole life is giv5 ov] to "t4   
,"o man c make ?is trap alone & set x1 b
 x is bett] = two to "w toge!r 9 ?is "w1
 = 9 case ! door %\ld spr+ ^u him :ile  
he 0 inside he w\ld be =ev] lo/4 ,i h   
caught two wildcats at once 9 ?is p51 b 
x is n to be expect$ t y w get m ?an "o 
be> or o!r l>ge animal at a "t4         
,,*apt] ,,vii4  ,,portable ,,traps4  ,9 
describ+ a portable deadfall1 an        
,indiana trapp] writes z foll[s3 ,we    
took a piece ( saw$ /uff #b x #d1 say #e
 feet long1 !n ano!r ! same size & l5g?4
 ,= upright pieces to hold ! ma9 pieces 
s "o w\ld fall squ>e on ! o!r1 we us$   
saw$ /uff #a x #c1 two pieces set       
/raight up & d[n at ea* end1 or ab\t f> 
en\gh to leave ! back end /ick out ?ree 
in*es1 & front end or end :]e ! trigg]s 
set1 #f in*es4  ,nail ^! #a x #c two on 
ea* end z direct$ above1 nail to l[]    
piece #b x #d only1 !n at back end bore 

a hole ?r\gh ! two uprights & also upp] 
#b x #d1 or ! piece t falls1 put a bolt 
?r\gh1 or a wood p9 if ! hole 9 ! #b x  
#d is l>g] ?an ^? ?r\gh ! uprights2 !n y
 are ready to raise x up & let x drop to
 see :e!r x works smoo?ly or n4  ,bett] 
nail a block #b x #d betwe5 ! tops ( !  
uprights to keep !m f spread+ ap>t1 !n x
 is ready all except ! trigg]s & /r+ =  
!m to run aga9/4 ,x is portable1 y c    
pick x up & move x any:]e1 only a /ake  
or two ne$$ driv5 d[n on ea* side4 ,:]e 
/r+ is %[n z ti$ to little bu% %\ld be a
 small /ake4    ,illu/ration3 ,,d5 ,,set
 ,,deadfall4    99 99 99  ,,%e> ,,trap4 
,i s5d a draw+ ( a trap call$ ! ,%e>    
,trap1 writes an ,ea/]n trapp]4 ,?is is 
n a new trap1 nei!r is x my own         
inv5tion4 ,i h us$ ?is /yle & c recomm5d
 x to be ,o4 ,k41 *eap1 easy made1 light
 to move1 w la/ & w cat* mo/ any small  
animal4  ,?is trap is made z foll[s3    
,take #d /rips ( bo>d #d feet #d in*es  
long1 by #c in*es wide4 ,bore "o in*    
hole two in*es f end ( all f\r ( !m4 ,n[

 make two r\nds ab\t #ac in*es long &   
put two ( ! bo>ds on ea* side ( ! r\nd4 
,at ! o!r end put ! two middle bo>ds on 
! o!r r\nd 7see illu/ration74 ,make "o  
o!r r\nd fifte5 in*es long1 same size z 
! o!rs4 ,put ! two outside bo>ds on x1  
=m+ two sep>ate frames at ! o!r end--s !
 two inside bo>ds c turn on ! r\nd to   
:i* !y are c\pl$4    ,illu/ration3      
,,portable ,,wood5 ,,trap4  ,take two   
/rips ?ree in*es wide1 two feet & six   
in*es long4 ,bore "o in* hole two in*es 
f ! top end & put r\nd broom /ick ?ru x 
sev5te5 in*es long4 ,fa/5 all ! r\nds by
 w$ges or small wood5 p9s4 ,/& ! two    
/rips la/ m5tion$ on ! outside ( ! frame
 at ! end !y sep>ate & make !m fa/ s z  
to /& p]p5dicul>4 ,= bait /ick take la! 
or "o-half in* bo>d "o in* wide4 ,bore  
hole z %[n 9 cut 7figure #f7 cut not*   
7figure #b74 ,= trigg] any /ick #ah     
in*es long1 #e_/h in* ?ick w d3 tie /r+ 
#b in*es f end & tie o!r end at figure  
#a1 pass ! %ort end "u r\nd f ! outside 
7figure #c7 & cat* 9 not* 9 bait la?    

7figure #b71 ! o!r end bait at figure   
#d4 ,put weight at figure #e4 ,cov] trap
 at figure #f to keep animal f go+ 9 f  
back up to figure #g4 ,= bait ,i use    
fre% fi%1 muskrat1 bird1 etc41 & sc5t ) 
honey or blood4    99 99 99  ,,! ,,b>rel
 ,,trap4  ,i promis$ 9 my la/ lett] to  
describe ! b>rel trap1 says a ,nor?we/]n
 trapp]1 :i* ,i use = captur+ rats4 ,o!r
 trapp]s may h us$ ?is trap = ye>s1 b ,i
 only mean ?is = ! "y trapp]s :o "k no?+
 ab\t ?is trap4  ,take any k9d ( an old 
b>rel made ( h>d wood 7a salt b>rel     
makes a good "o71 & fix a bo>d on "o    
side ( ! top ) a h+e4 ,let "o end ( !   
b>rel project out directly ov] ! b>rel  
to )9 ab\t #e or #f in*es ( ! o!r side4 
,arrange x s t ! end ( ! bo>d n ov] !   
b>rel is a little ! heavie/ s :5 ! rat  
tilts d[n ! end 9 ! b>rel x w come back 
to place aga94  ,place a bit ( p>snip   
apple1 or cel]y ne> ! end ( ! bo>d ov] !
 b>rel s :5 ! rat rea*es 8 front feet   
ov] on ! bo>d x w tilt d[n & let him 9 !
 b>rel to /ay4 ,bury ! b>rel ne> a riv] 

or creek to )9 ab\t #b or #c in*es ( top
 ( b>rel1 s !re w be f #f in*es to #a   
foot ( wat] 9 ! b>rel4 ,if !re is mu*   
wat] 9 ! b>rel ! mo/ ( ! rats w be dead 
:5 y visit y\r traps4 ,sev]al may be    
captur$ 9 "o night 9 ?is k9d ( a trap4  
99 99 99  ,,block ,,trap4  ,saw a small 
log 9 blocks f #d to #f in*es long4     
,bore an in* hole ?r\gh ! c5t]4 ,take   
nails & drive !m s t !y =m a muzzle 9 "o
 end & h ! nails v %>p4 ,fa/5 y\r blocks
 ) a piece ( wire & put x 9 ! runway or 
on a log or any:]e t a coon w see x1 &  
n9e out ( t5 w put 8 foot into x4 ,i    
bait ) honey4 ,i caught #ge or #hj coons
 ?is season ) block sn>es4  ,i put      
/opp]s or false bottoms 9 "o end ( !    
block1 piece ( corn cob or any?+ w d4   
,cut ! foot (f to get ! animal out ( ?is
 sn>e4    ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,block     
,,trap4  ,! illu/ration %[s a squ>e     
block ) ! hole bor$ 9 ! side4 ,?is is   
done to bett] %[ h[ x %\ld be done1     
al?\gh :5 set1 ! hole %\ld be up4 ,bait 
) a piece ( fre% rabbit1 frog1 or any?+ 

t coon are fond (4  ,in/ead ( ! blocks !
 aug] hole c be bor$ 9 a log or root ( a
 tree if a suitable "o c be f\nd :]e    
coon frequ5t4    99 99 99  ,,!          
,,noxemall ,,deadfall4  ,! be/ mat]ial  
is spruce1 b if spruce is n to be _h1   
h>d wood is bett] ?an s(t4 ,foll[       
directions closely2 nev] use old1 dozy  
wood2 good1 s\nd1 /raight-gra9$ mat]ial 
is ! *eape/ to use4 ,a good way to get  
y\r mat]ial is to g to ! saw-mill1      
select good /raight-gra9$ #b x #d /udd+1
 h !m ripp$ l5g?wise aga91 mak+ f\r     
/rips out ( ! orig9al #b x #d1 ea* /rip 
be+ two in*es wide by "o in* ?ick2 !n h 
!m cut 9 ! l5g?s--two /&>ds 7,a71 #ad   
in*es long2 7,b7 two side pieces1 #b    
#a_/b feet long2 7,c7 two drop b>s1 #b  
#a_/b feet4 ,bore a hole 9 ea* piece ) a
 "o in* bit1 two in*es f ! end ( ! piece
 to ! c5t] ( ! hole4 7,d7 ,a piece ( la?
 ab\t #h in*es long1 ) "o end bevel$ (f 
to fit 9 slot ( ,e2 tie a piece ( small 
rope1 ab\t a foot long1 two in*es f !   
o!r end4 7,e7 ,a piece ( la?1 #b #a_/b  

feet long1 ) a slot cut crosswise two   
in*es f "o end & a piece ( rope ti$ two 
in* f ! o!r end1 ab\t a foot long4      
,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,nox-,,em-,,all      
,,deadfall4  ,if y get y\r mat]ial at ! 
mill h f\r r\nds 7,f7 turn$ out ( oak or
 maple 7mu/ be h>d wood71 ?ree ( !m be+ 
#ab in*es long1 "o be+ #h in*es long1   
#g_/h in* 9 diamet]4 ,!y mu/ be "s      
small] ?an ! hole1 z !y swell :5 wet4   
,y\r trap is n[ ready to put toge!r4    
,take "o #ab in* r\nd slip on ! side    
pieces ,b fir/1 !n ! two /&>ds ,a2 next 
place a #ab in* r\nd 9 ! holes 9 ! top (
 ! /&>ds4 ,! front end ( ! trap is done1
 except fa/5+ ! /&>ds to ! r\nd & !     
sett+ app>atus to ! top r\nd ( /&>ds4   
,next take ! rema9+ #ab in* r\nd slip on
 ! drop b>s ,c fir/1 !n ! side pieces ,b
 outside2 next place ! %ort r\nd ,g 9 ! 
front end ( drop b> ,c4  ,y c drive     
nails ?ru ! outside pieces & ! r\nd4    
,:]e !re are two pieces on a side on "o 
r\nd1 fa/5 ?ru ! outside piece1 always  
leav+ ! inside piece loose s t x w turn 

on ! r\nd4 ,a mu* bett] way1 al?o x is m
 "w1 is to bore a hole ?ru ! side piece 
& r\nd & drive 9 a h>d wood plug4 ,?is  
is ! be/ way1 because if any "p ( ! trap
 breaks y c knock out ! plug mu* easi]  
?an to pull out a nail4 ,! holes %\ld be
 bor$ ) a #a_/d in* bit4  ,tie ! rope   
atta*$ to ,e to ! re> r\nd1 leav+ two   
in*es play1 betwe5 ,e & ! r\nd4 ,tie !  
rope atta*$ to ,d to ! top r\nd ( /&>ds1
 leav+ two in*es play at top & two in*es
 betwe5 l[] end ( ,d & bottom r\nd4     
,fir/ place a /one on ! drop b>1 weigh+ 
#bj p\nds4 ,!n raise ! drop b> high     
en\gh s t y c place ! %ort la? "u ! r\nd
 ( drop s t ! weight re/s on ! rope4 ,^!
 is ! secret ( sett+4 ,! pressure on top
 =ces ! l[] end to fly up4 ,n[ place !  
bevel$ end ( ! %ort la? 9 ! slot ( !    
long la? & ! trap is set4  ,hang y\r    
bait f ! drop b>s1 "u ! weight1 ab\t    
eight in*es f ! front4 ,! game w !n come
 to ! side ( ! trap4 ,nev] tie bait on !
 la?4  ,set ! trap 9 front ( ! hole1    
block up by sett+ up two /ones ,v %ape  

on ! upp] side ( hole1 =c+ game ?ru !   
trap to ent] or come out4    ,,*apt]    
,,viii4  ,,"s ,,trigg]s4  ,dur+ my      
trapp+ exp]i5ces ,i rememb] ( visit+ an 
old trapp]'s deadfalls & at t "t ,i _h  
nev] se5 or us$ any trigg] o!r ?an !    
figure #d1 b ?is trapp] us$ ! prop &    
sp9dle4 ,i look$ at sev]al ( 8 traps2 9 
fact1 w5t consid]ably out ( my way to   
look at "s eight or t5 ( !m4 ,two ( ^!  
conta9$ game--a skunk & opossum4 ,i _h  
(t5 he>d ( ^! trigg]s1 b 0 skeptical    
ab\t !m be+ mu* good4 ,i n[ saw t ^!    
trigg]s 7 all "r & on visit+ my traps   
aga9 set a few ( !m ) ^! trigg]s4 ,s9ce 
t "t ,i h nev] us$ ! figure #d4  ,! prop
 & sp9dle ,i "k w look to _m too h>d to 
g (f1 b !y c be set s t !y w g (f fairly
 easy4 ,x is n necess>y t ! trap be set 
s t ! lea/ t\* w make x g (f4 ,x is be/ 
to h ! trap set s t mice nibbl+ at bait 
w n ?r[ x4  ,trapp]s :o h nev] us$ !    
deadfall w1 no d\bt1 f9d t aft] !y use  
!m a %ort "t & become bett] acqua9t$ )  
_! con/ruction & op]ation t !y w cat* m 

game ?an at fir/4 ,?is is only natural z
 all mu/ le>n f exp]i5ce l>gely1 :e!r at
 trapp+ or any?+ else4  ,! prop is a    
/raight piece ab\t sev5 in*es long &    
ab\t "o-half in* 9 diamet]4 ,! sp9dle1  
or long trigg]1 is ab\t ! size ( ! prop1
 b %\ld be sixte5 or eighte5 in*es long 
) a prong cut (f )9 two in*es ( ! end to
 help hold ! bait on m securely4 ,see   
cut else:]e %[+ ^! trigg]s & ( ! figure 
likewise4 ,^! illu/rations w give a     
bett] idea ( h[ ! trigg]s are made to ^?
 :o h nev] se5 or us$ !m4    99 99 99   
,i saw "s "t ago :]e a bro!r want$ to "k
 h[ to make a deadfall1 writes an       
,ill9ois trapp]4 ,i s5d a picture ( "o t
 ,i ?9k is f> ahead ( any t ,i h se5 9 !
 ,h-,t-,t yet1 t is1 ! trigg]s4 ,i h se5
 deadfall trigg]s t w\ld cat* & n fall  
:5 ! bait 0 pull$ at1 b !re is no cat*  
to ^!4  ,trigg] ,no4 #a is /ub driv5 9 !
 gr\nd ) a not* cut 9 ! upp] end = end (
 bait4 ,/ick ,no4 #e to fit 9 ,no4 #c is
 ano!r /ub driv5 9 gr\nd = bait /ick    
,no4 #e to re/ on top4 ,no4 #c is a     

/ick1 "o end laid on top ( bait /ick    
outside ( /ub ,no4 #b1 ! o!r end on top 
( l[] pole4 ,no4 #d is ! prop /ick4 ,"o 
end is set on /ick ,no4 #c ab\t "o in*  
inside ! l[] pole ! o!r end und]nea? !  
upp] pole4 ,! ,x repres5ts ! bait4 ,:5 !
 bait /ick is pull$ out ( not* 9 /ub    
,no4 #a1 ! upp] pole comes d[n & has got
 y\r animal4    ,illu/ration3 ,,ill9ois 
,,trapp]',s ,,trigg]s4  ,if y f9d y\r   
bait is caught betwe5 ! poles y may "k !
 bait is n back 9 ! box f> en\gh4 ,if y 
f9d ! trap d[n & bait & bait /ick gone1 
y may "k t ! bait is too f> back4 ,!    
animal took 8 :ole body 9 be=e he pull$ 
! bait4  ,i h tri$ to describe ?is trap 
= ! ones t don't "k h[ to make a        
deadfall4  ,somebody wants to "k h[ to  
make a good deadfall4 ,well ! plans     
publi%$ 9 back numb]s ( ,h-,t-,t are all
 "r except ! figure f\r /icks & bait4   
,make y\r /icks l ?is1 & y w be pleas$ )
 ! way !y "w1 says an exp]i5c$ trapp]4  
,illu/ration3 ,,trip ,,trigg]s4  ,no4 #b
 flat view4 ,! trigg] sets 9 ! slant+   

cut 9 side ( ,no4 #b4 ,don't put bait on
 trigg]4 ,put x 9 back end ( p5 & p9 x  
to ! gr\nd4 ,turn trigg] across op5+    
slant$ slightly 91 !n y get !m by neck  
or %\ld]s4 ,! long] ! slot 9 ! trigg]1 !
 h>d] !y w trip4 ,set z /raight up z    
possible4  ,make #a & #b ( h>d wood4    
,saw a block #c #a_/b in*es long & split
 into #c_/d in* squ>es4 ,make cuts squ>e
 ) a saw & split out ! "p y don't want4 
,bevel ends ) a hat*et4 ,make trigg] (  
gre5 h>d wood /ick ) b>k on4    99 99 99
  ,i cut a tree f #h to #aj in*es 9     
diamet] & cut (f #g feet long4 ,split ! 
piece op5 & bury "o piece on a level ) !
 e>?--split side up--& place ! o!r half 
on top4 ,i hew (f any bumps & make a    
p]fect fit4 ,!n ,i cut out bu%es ! size 
( my arm1 & drive !m d[n on ea* side (  
my fall & leave !m an in* or two high]  
?an ,i expect my top log to be :5 set4  
,be sure to beg9 f> en\gh at ! back to  
=ce ! animals to g 9 at ! front4 ,i use 
! figure f\r trigg]s & tie ! bait to !  
long trigg]4  ,ano!r trigg] is made z   

foll[s3 ,cut two =ks & lay pole across j
 9 front ( ! log on top ( ! =ks4 ,take  
ano!r piece ( timb] ab\t f\r feet long1 
tie a /r+ to ea* end & let "o end h a   
trigg] & ! o!r be ti$ on y\r top log4 ,i
 drive a nail 9 ! top log & tie ! /r+ to
 x1 & ,i call ?is my ,fly trigg]4 ,x    
acts z a lev]1 = :5 ! fly comes up ov] !
 piece on ! =ks & ! trigg] goes ov] half
 way back by ! side ( ! log1 & ! trigg] 
ab\t a foot long--/raight & ?91 & /icks 
"u ! log--h a %ort trigg] ti$ to ! fly  
pole & a =k$ sapl+ ! size ( y\r f+] &   
long en\gh to /ick 9 ! gr\nd to hold !  
trigg]4 ,put ! bait on long trigg] &    
cat* ! %ort trigg] ?r\gh ! =k & let x   
cat* ! long trigg]4 ,?is trigg] leaves !
 fall op5 9 front & is ! "o ,i pref]4   
,take two small logs ab\t #aj or #ab    
feet long1 l>ge en\gh to break a coon's 
back1 & make a p5 ab\t midway1 or       
"o-?ird f front end1 to put ! bait 91 & 
! trigg]4 ,two foot bo>ds1 or sapl+s w  
d1 & make ! p5 s t ! animal w h to /ep  
across ! bottom log & take ! bait1 & be 

sure to set s t ! top log w fall across 
! m9k1 coon1 skunk1 or opossum1 z !y are
 ! animals ,i kill ) ! fall4 ,use fly   
pole trigg]s z above1 = ?is deadfall4   
,i make ^! falls ne> ! runways ( !      
animals ,i wi% to cat*4 ,:5 ,i am sure  
to /ay at a place1 ,i build my falls 9 !
 summ] & by ! trapp+ "t !y look old &   
natural4    ,,*apt] ,,ix4  ,,trip       
,,trigg]s4  ,! deadfall %[n "h c be us$ 
at d5s or 9 pa?s :]e animals travel     
frequ5tly4 ,:5 set across ! entrance (  
d5s x w cat* an animal go+ 9 )\t bait4  
,t is1 x w cat* an animal go+ 91 z !    
trigg]s are s con/ruct$ t !y c only be  
pu%$ t[>ds ! bait z %[n 9 illu/ration4  
,if ! trap is to be us$ at d5s )\t bait 
! regul> figure #d trigg]s _h be/ be    
us$1 b set ext5d+ along ! log in/ead (  
back into ! p54 ,an animal 9 ent]+ w    
/rike ! trigg] & d[n comes ! fall4  ,!  
trap %[n "h & ! trigg]s are made z      
foll[s3 ,cut two logs & lay "o on !     
gr\nd4 ,?is log %\ld be at lea/ f\r feet
 long4 ,place x firmly on ! gr\nd ) flat

 side up4 ,?is log ne$ n be z flat z %[n
 9 illu/ration1 b %\ld be flatt5$       
slightly4 ,drive two /akes ?ree feet    
long )9 a foot or s ( "o end 7#h7 &     
7#i74  ,n[ come to ! o!r end & drive two
 m 7#aj7 & 7#aa74 ,/ake t5 :i* is       
directly opposite f 7#aa7 y want to be  
c>eful n to split1 z "o ( ! trigg]s re/s
 on x4 ,! fall is n[ plac$ 9 position1 t
 is ! upp] log4 ,! end ( ?is is split & 
a /ake driv5 9 ! gr\nd s t ! fall w n   
turn betwe5 ! /akes b is held firmly4   
,see t ! fall w "w easily up & d[n2 t ! 
/akes are n s close toge!r t ! fall     
b9ds1 yet x wants to fit snugly4        
,illu/ration3 ,,animal ,,ent]+ ,,trip   
,,deadfall4  ,cut trip /ick 7#d7 &      
trigg] 7#c71 lift+ ! fall up ) "o knee &
 place end ( 7#c7 onto 7#d7 slightly1 s 
t a small pressure on 7#d7 w spr+ !     
trap4 ,aft] y h ! trap set spr+ x to see
 t x works all "r4 ,if ! trap works all 
"r & y are sett+ across ! entrance ( a  
d5 ! p5 ( c\rse is n want$4 ,if y are   
sett+ 9 pa?s or ne> d5s1 drive /akes 9 a

 semi-circle z %[n 9 illu/ration1 b !   
/akes %\ld /ick above ! gr\nd "s eighte5
 in*es or ab\t z high z ! fall pole :5  
set4 ,x is a good plan to ?r[ leaves or 
grass on ! /akes4  ,a small not* 7#e7   
%\ld be cut 9 upright po/ 7#h7 = trip   
/ick to fit 9 to hold x up to t end4 ,be
 c>eful1 h[ev]1 t ?is not* is n cut too 
deep4 ,! bait 7#f7 is plac$ back 9 ! p5 
& fa/5$ ) wire or a /ake driv5 ?ru x    
into ! gr\nd4 ,! op5 space ov] bait is  
n[ cov]$ ov] & ! entire trap c be made  
to n look s suspici\s by cutt+ bru% &   
?r[+ ov] x except+ 9 front ( ! bait4 ,an
 animal 9 go+ 9 = bait /eps on or pu%es 
! long /ick 7m>k$ #d at "o end & #e at !
 o!r7 (f ( 7#c7 & is usually caught4    
99 99 99  ,?is is ano!r good trip trigg]
 deadfall4 ,a %ort log %\ld be laid on !
 gr\nd & ! two /akes driv5 opposite ea* 
o!r z 9 ! trap j describ$4 ,^! /akes are
 n %[n1 z a bett] view ( ! trigg]s &    
work+s ( ! trap c be _h by omitt+ ^!4   
,9 ! illu/ration ! fall pole is weight$1
 b x is be/ to h ! pole heavy en\gh & n 

weight$4 ,! /akes on :i* ! upp] or cross
 piece is nail$ %\ld be f twelve to     
eighte5 in*es ap>t4 ,! cross piece ne$ n
 be heavy1 yet %\ld be /rong s t !      
weight ( ! fall w n b5d x4              
,illu/ration3 ,,trip ,,trigg] ,,fall4   
,! p5s or enclosures us$ _c be cov]$1 z 
?is w\ld int]f]e ) ! work+s ( ! trigg]s4
 ,if ! p5 is sixte5 in*es or high] v few
 animals w climb ov] to get bait1 b w g 
9 :]e ! trapp] wants & if prop]ly made &
 set are apt to cat* ! game4    99 99 99
  ,along 9 ! late sev5ties or beg9n+ ( !
 eighties1 :5 a good siz$ muskrat w\ld  
br+ ab\t z mu* z a common prime m9k1 & a
 /eel trap 0 q a prize to be 9          
possession (1 ,i _h p]haps two doz5     
traps1 "s old fa%ion$1 t w\ld be q a    
curiosity at pres5t1 besides a few      
,ne:\se ,no4 #j & #a4  ,t 0 9 ,ont>io1  
,canada4 ,skunk1 m9k1 coon1 muskrat &   
fox 7 ! furs 9 t "p1 ,wat]loo1 ,brant & 
,ox=d ,c\nties4 ,lat] ,i us$ ?is        
deadfall ) success 9 ,i[a & o!r         
sections1 s t !re is no d\bt b t x w be 

f\nd a good fur cat*] 9 mo/ localities4 
,i us$ to cat* a great deal )           
deadfalls1--picture ( :i* ,i "h enclose4
 ,i h se5 ne>ly all ! diff]5t makes (   
deadfalls & h tri$ "s ( !m1 b ! "o ,i "h
 s5d y ! picture (1 :i* c be easily     
und]/ood1 is ! "o ,i h _h ! mo/ success 
)4 ,i believe !y are ! be/1 & an animal 
c't get at ! bait )\t /rik+ x (f1       
besides "s animals w exam9e a bait )\t  
t\*+ x4 ,?is deadfall1 if !y are curi\s 
en\gh j to ent] inside & put _! foot on 
! trigg] /ick1 !y are y\rs if ! trap is 
set prop]ly4    ,illu/ration3 ,,canadian
 ,,trip ,,fall4  ,?is /yle ( deadfall c 
be successfully1 us$ ov] skunk holes1   
game runways & !re y d away ) ! bait    
y>d4 ,?is /yle ( trap is mu* easi] made1
 z x requires v little skill4 ,j a few  
/raight /icks ab\t ! size r\nd ( a cane1
 a little tw9e4 ,y c cat* mo/ any animal
 f a weasel to a raccoon4 ,! illu/ration
 %[s ! fall or upp] pole weight$4 ,9 our
 exp]i5ce we h f\nd x m satisfactory to 
h ! fall heavy en\gh to kill ! animal   

)\t ! weight4 ,x is (t5 h>d = ! trapp]  
to f9d a pole ( ! "r size & weight = !  
fall & ! next be/ way is to place       
additional weight z %[n4    99 99 99    
,fir/ make a p5 9 ! =m ( a wigwam1 driv+
 /akes well into ! gr\nd to keep !      
animal away f ! re> ( ! trap4 ,x %\ld be
 op5 on "o side4 ,place a %ort log 9    
front ( ! op5+ & at bo? ends ( ?is drive
 /akes to hold x 9 place & = ! long log 
to "w up & d[n 94 ,! top log %\ld be six
 or eight feet long1 accord+ to size (  
animal y aim to use trap =1 & ab\t !    
same size z ! bottom log4 ,cut a =k$    
/ick ab\t #ab in*es long = ! bait /ick1 
not*+ "o end & tap]+ ! o!r z %[n 9 ,fig4
 ,no4 #b4 ,a /ick #bd in*es long %\ld !n
 be cut & flatt5$ at bo? ends4          
,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,turn ,,trigg]4  ,to 
set ! trap1 raise "o end ( ! upp] log & 
/ick "o end ( ! flatt5$ /ick "u x1 re/+ 
x ^u ! top ( ! /ake on ! outside ( !    
log4 ,place ! bait /ick1 po9t d[nw>d1   
inside ! p5 ^u a *ip ( wood or rock to  
keep x f s9k+ into ! gr\nd & set flat   

/ick 9 ! not*4 ,:5 ! animal pulls at !  
bait x turns ! bait /ake & ?r[s ! cross 
piece out ( ! not* ( ! bait /ick & let !
 top log fall4    ,,*apt] ,x4  ,,h[ ,,to
 ,,set4  ,9 expla9+ size p5 "s make !m  
#b feet long1 writes a ,new ,york       
trapp]1 :ile "o #ab in*es long 7z us$ on
 ?is trail71 is suffici5t2 n only t1 b x
 is sup]ior = ! foll[+ reasons3 ,a #b   
foot p5 w\ld let ! animal pass inside & 
beyond ! drop :5 sprung1 unless ! animal
 /epp$ on ! tr$dle4  ,! ,indians' trap  
is made by cutt+ a sapl+ #c or #d in*es 
9 diamet] (f ! butt end cut a piece #b  
foot & place on ! gr\nd = a b$ piece2   
drive f\r /akes1 two on ei!r side ( b$  
piece1 leav+ a space betwe5 ( #ab in*es1
 us+ ! balance ( pole = ! drop to play  
betwe5 ! /akes4 ,= balance ( p5 a few   
/akes1 b>k or slabs cut f a tree4  ,= a 
sp9dle1 cut f a hemlock1 spruce or o!r  
dry limb a piece eight or t5 in*es long1
 %>p5 "o end to a po9t1 ! o!r end flatt5
 a trifle = an in* or two on ! und]side1
 s t :5 plac$ on ! b$ piece x w lay     

/eady4 ,n[ ) a %>p knife1 comm5ce #a_/b 
in* back1 & r\nd (f top side ( sp9dle on
 :i* to place a /&>d f\r in*es 9 l5g?1  
cut f same mat]ial z sp9dle4  ,9 sett+1 
place ! bait on ! sp9dle s z to leave a 
space ( only six in*es f bait to ! /&>d2
 n[ take sp9dle 9 left h&1 /&>d 9 "r h&1
 kneel d[n1 raise ! drop plac+ "o knee  
"u x to hold x up ! "r height4 ,lay     
sp9dle onto c5t] ( b$ piece & place !   
/&>d on top ( sp9dle1 lett+ drop re/ on 
top ( /&>d s z to keep ! pieces 9       
position4 ,n[ by mov+ ! /&>d out or 9 on
 ! sp9dle1 ! spr+ ( ! trap c be s gaug$ 
t x w set safely = weeks or mon?s1      
sprung easily1 & hold any?+ f a weasel  
to a raccoon4  ,x is sure1 z x kills    
imm$iately1 giv+ !m no *ance to escape  
by twi/+ or gnaw+ (f _! legs4 ,x is n s 
quickly made & set z a /eel trap1 & nev]
 gives ,sneakums inducem5ts to approa* x
 = future use4 ,aft] ! trap is set1     
place b>k or some?+ suitable betwe5 !   
/akes above ! drop & cov] top ( p5 s z  
to compel ! animal to ent] 9 front1 & at

 ! same "t w>d (f sn[ & sleet f int]f]+ 
) its work+s4 ,weight ! drop pole on    
ei!r side ( p5 by plac+ on *unks ( wood 
or /one4    99 99 99  ,!re are sev]al   
ways to set deadfalls1 z diff]5t trigg]s
 are us$4 ,! mann] 9 con/ruct+ ^! traps 
is v>i$ some:at 9 ! diff]5t sections4 ,!
 illu/ration %[n "h is ( a trap t is us$
 to a consid]able ext5t 9 all p>ts (    
,am]ica4 ,! trapp] = m>t5 9 ! f> ,nor?1 
! opossum trapp] ( ,we/ ,virg9ia1       
,k5tucky & ,miss\ri1 ! skunk trapp] ( ! 
,new ,engl& ,/ates & ! m9k trapp] ( !   
we/ h all us$ ?is trap ) success4 ,x is 
= ! hundr$s ( "y & inexp]i5c$ trapp]s t 
! deadfall is %[n "h4    ,illu/ration3  
,,two ,,piece ,,trigg] ,,trap4  ,!      
trigg] z %[n1 t is ! "o ext5d+ back into
 ! p51 is all "o piece4 ,?is trigg] is  
usually cut f a bu% & (t5 requires "s "t
 to f9d "o suit$4 ,if y int5d to build a
 few traps ( ?is k9d x is well to be on 
! look\t 9 advance = suitable trigg]s4  
,?is trap is set ) only two trigg]s1 !  
"o ) ! /raight "p ext5d+ back into ! p5 

& ! prong on :i* ! fall is re/+ & ! o!r 
trigg] is driv5 into ! gr\nd s t x is   
only a little high] ?an ! "u log ( !    
trap4  ,?is trap c be set ) ! trigg]s   
kn[n z figure #d if pref]r$4 ,coon1 m9k1
 opossum1 skunk & m>t5 are usually n h>d
 to cat* 9 deadfalls1 al?\gh n[ & !n an 
animal = "s reason is extremely h>d to  
cat*4  ,9 build+ deadfalls x is be/ to  
split ! end ( ! pole f>!re/ f ! p5 or   
bait & drive ! /ake !re4 ,?is w hold !  
upp] or fall pole solid1 s t !re w be no
 dang] ( its turn+ ( its own weight &   
fall+4    99 99 99  ,i enclose plan &   
description ( a deadfall ,i h us$ )     
success on skunk & o!r fur animals1     
writes a trapp] f ,new ,york ,/ate4     
,nev] hav+ se5 any?+ l x describ$ ,i    
?\ght x might be a help to ^? us+ ^!    
traps4 ,dur+ ,novemb] & ,decemb]1 #ahig1
 ,i caught #aa skunk 9 "o deadfall l ?is
 "o4    ,illu/ration3 ,,/r+ ,,& ,,trigg]
 ,,trap4  ,/akes are driv5 9 ! gr\nd to 
=m ! p5 same z on figure #d or o!r      
deadfall1 b no bru% or /icks %\ld be    

laid on top ( p5 z x w\ld prev5t !      
v]tical /ick f lift+ up1 ,a small log or
 bo>d ) /ones on may be laid on pole = m
 weight4 ,! pole may be f t5 to fifte5  
feet long & ab\t ?ree in*es 9 diamet]4  
,,aa #ah in*es or m out ( ! gr\nd &     
"o-half in* 9 diamet]2 ,b #bj in*es1 ,x 
"o-half in*2 ,c ab\t #af ,x #c_/d in*es2
 ,d #bj ,x #c_/d in*es2 ,e same z ,,aa  
only n crot*2 ,f #a_/d in*4 ,rope long  
en\gh to g ar\nd pole & ov] ,b & tie    
ar\nd ,c4 ,d %\ld be f #a to #c in*es   
above gr\nd accord+ to :at is be+       
trapp$4 ,bait %\ld be laid on gr\nd or  
fa/5$ to /ake ne> middle ( p54          
,,*apt] ,,xi4  ,,:5 ,,to ,,build4  ,if y
 h det]m9$ ^u y\r trapp+ gr\nd x is be/ 
to build y\r traps 9 advance ( ! trapp+ 
season1 s t !y w become old & wea!r     
beat54 ,?is1 ( c\rse1 is n necess>y z   
traps are (t5 built1 bait$ & on ! return
 ( ! trapp] ! foll[+ morn+ game securely
 caught4 ,:ile ! above is (t5 true1     
deadfalls c & %\ld be built 9 advance ( 
! trapp+ season4 ,!re are at lea/ two   

reasons = ?is3 fir/1 x all[s ! traps to 
become wea!r beat5 & game is n s        
suspici\s2 second1 all ! trapp] has to d
 :5 ! trapp+ season arrives is to visit 
& set 8 traps4  ,"s object to deadfalls 
on ! gr\nd t !y require lots ( "w to    
build & t a trapp]'s "t is valuable at  
?is season ( ! ye>4 ,su* may be true ( !
 amateur1 b ! pr(essional trapp] usually
 has mu* idle "t 9 ,augu/1 ,septemb] &  
e>ly ,octob]1 :5 he is glad to look out 
= trapp+ gr\nds = ! com+ w9t]4 ,x is a  
day's "w = "o man to build f eight to   
twelve deadfalls1 dep5d+ ( c\rse ^u h[  
conv5i5t he f9ds ! pole to make ! fall4 
,! o!r mat]ial is usually n h>d to f9d  
or make4 ,t is /akes1 *unks & rocks4 ,if
 y only build six or eight traps &      
con/ruct !m "r !y are wor? twice z _m   
poorly built4 ,:5 prop]ly built !y w la/
 = ye>s1 requir+ b little m5d+ ea* fall 
at ! op5+ ( ! trapp+ season4 ,tak5 all 9
 all we d n "k t a c]ta9 numb] (        
deadfalls take up any m "t ?an an equal 
numb] ( /eel traps4 ,9 fact m deadfalls 

c be set 9 a day1 aft] !y are built1 ?an
 /eel traps4  ,:5 x is /at$ t y w p]haps
 d z well at home z else:]e1 ?is1 (     
c\rse1 dep5ds ^u :]e y are locat$1 h[ _m
 trapp]s !re are 9 y\r section1 etc4 ,if
 !re is b little to be caught !n y _h   
be/ g else:]e1 b trapp]s h be5 kn[n 9   
?ickly settl$ sections to cat* f #ej to 
#cjj wor? ( fur 9 a season1 la/+ f      
,novemb] #a to ,m>* #ae4 ,( c\rse 9 ! f>
 nor?1 :]e trapp+ c be c>ri$ on f       
,octob] #ae to ,june #ae1 or eight      
mon?s1 ! cat* is mu* l>g]1 & z ! animals
 caught are m valuable1 ! cat* ( a s+le 
trapp] is sometimes z high z #fjj to    
#a1jjj4  ,! trapp] :o /ays ne> home has 
! advantage ( kn[+ ! t]ritory4 ,if he 0 
to visit a /range section1 al?o a good  
trapp+ locality1 he w\ld n d s well z if
 he 7 acqua9t$ ) ! locality & knew !    
locations ( ! be/ d5s4 ,!n aga9 8       
exp5ses are heavi] if he goes into a    
/range section1 yet ,if !re is b little 
game ne> y\r home1 & y are go+ to make a
 bus9ess ( trapp+1 g & look up a good   

trapp+ section4 ,"u ^! conditions x is  
be/ = two or ?ree to g toge!r4 ,!re is  
no necessity ( c>ry+ b little baggage   
o!r ?an y\r gun1 = at ! season ( ! ye> t
 prospect+ is done !re is b little      
difficulty 9 kill+ en\gh game to live   
on4  ,aft] y h once f\nd a good trapp+  
section1 & built y\r cab91 deadfalls &  
sn>es1 y c g !re fall aft] fall ) y\r   
l9e ( /eel traps1 resett+ y\r deadfalls 
) b little repairs = ye>s4 ,y w also    
become bett] acqua9t$ ) ! t]ritory ea*  
season & w make l>g] cat*es4 ,d n ?9k t 
y h caught all ! game ! fir/ season1 =  
g5]ally ^u y\r return ! next fall y w   
f9d signs ( game z num]\s z ev]4  ,9    
locat+ new trapp+ gr\nds1 if two or ?ree
 are toge!r & x is a busy "t 9          
,septemb]1 let "o ( ! p>ty g 9 advance  
prospect+4 ,?is w save mu* valuable "t  
:5 y make ! />t = ! fall & w9t] trapp+  
campaign4 ,x w pay y to "k :]e y are go+
 be=e y make ! f9al />t4    ,,*apt]     
,,xii4  ,,:]e ,,to ,,build4  ,9 det]m9+ 
:]e to set deadfalls or locate sn>es if 

y w keep 9 m9d ! d5s :]e ea* w9t] y h   
caught fur-be>+ animals1 or _! tracks h 
(t5 be5 se5 9 ! sn[ or mud1 & build y\r 
traps & con/ruct sn>es at or ne> su*    
places y are pretty sure to n g a/ray4  
,! location1 ( c\rse1 dep5ds l>gely ^u  
:at k9d ( game y are try+ to cat*4 ,if  
m9k or coon1 !re is no bett] place ?an  
along /reams :]e !re are d5s4 ,if !re   
%\ld be a small bran* lead+ (f f ! ma9  
/ream1 at ! m\? ( ?is is (t5 an excell5t
 place to locate a trap4 ,x %\ld n be   
too ne> ! wat] z a rise w\ld damage or  
p]haps float (f at lea/ "p ( y\r trap4  
,sometimes f>!r up ?is small /ream !re  
are bluffs & rocks2 at su* places1 if   
!re are d5s1 is j ! place to build      
deadfalls4 ,if !re are sev]al d5s1 & !  
bluff ext5ds along sev]al hundr$ feet1 x
 p]haps w pay to build two or ?ree traps
 "h4  ,9 cle>$ fields1 woods or ?ickets 
skunk are f\nd any:]e t !re are d5s y c 
con/ruct a trap4 ,:ile1 z a rule1 ! ?9ly
 settl$ di/ricts are ! be/ trapp+       
sections1 yet skunk1 muskrat & r$ fox   

are f\nd 9 greate/ numb]s 9 settl$      
sections1 :ile opossum1 raccoon & m9k   
are f\nd 9 fairly well settl$ di/ricts4 
,x is !re=e n necess>y t y %\ld g to !  
wild]ness to make fairly good cat*es4   
,:ile ! trapp] 9 ! wild]ness has !      
advantage ( no "o di/urb+ 8 deadfalls1  
yet he has disadvantages4 ,! trapp] :o  
means bus9ess ne$ n g hundr$s ( miles   
away1 b if he w build a l9e ( traps     
along "s /ream :]e !re are m9k1 or 9 !  
?ickets & along rocky buffs = skunk1    
raccoon1 opossum1 etc41 he w be surpris$
 at results4  ,9 "s sections l& own]s   
may n all[ trapp+1 b usually !y w1      
especially if y take ! pa9s to ask be=e 
y comm5ce build+ or sett+ y\r traps4  ,!
 fact t y h y\r traps scatt]$ ov] a l>ge
 t]ritory gives y bett] *ances ( mak+   
good cat*es1 = mo/ animals travel q a   
di/ance f night to night4 ,y may h traps
 at "s /ream t is eight or t5 miles f   
y\r home & a m9k may come along t does  
mo/ ( its seek+ = food miles f>!r up or 
d[n ?is /ream1 ne>]1 p]haps1 :]e x 0    

rais$1 & y get him4 ,?us y see by go+   
only t5 miles away y may cat* animals t 
really live tw5ty4 ,j h[ f> a m9k may   
travel up or d[n a creek or riv] ,i d n 
"k1 b x is c]ta9 t !y g _m miles & traps
 may make a cat* ( a m9k t lives _m1 _m 
miles away4 ,( c\rse along small /reams 
!y may n g s f>4 ,(t51 h[ev]1 !y cont9ue
 _! travels f "o /ream to ano!r4  ,if y 
are an exp]t trapp] y c v easily detect1
 if y are 9 a good locality1 especially 
if 9 ! fall--,septemb] & ,octob]4 ,^!   
are ! two mon?s :5 ! mo/ prospect+ is   
done4 ,go+ along /reams at ?is season   
tracks are pla9ly se5 & 9 ! =e/s at d5s 
signs1 su* z hair1 bones & dung4 ,(t5 y 
w come ^u signs :]e "s bird has be5     
dev\r$ & y "k t "s animal has be5 9 !   
locality4 ,old trapp]s readily detect   
all ^! signs & new ones c le>n by       
exp]i5ce4  ,x is n absolutely necess>y  
to build traps at or ne> d5s4 ,"s ye>s  
ago1 ,i rememb] :5 do+ consid]able      
trapp+ 9 ,s\!rn ,ohio1 ,i came ^u a     
deadfall built ne> a small /ream t ran  

?ru a woods4 ,i look$ ar\nd = d5s1 b saw
 none4 ,:y ?is trap _h be5 built !re 0 a
 puzzle to me4 ,"o day ,i happ5$ ^u !   
own] ( ! trap & ask$ him :at he expect$ 
to cat* 9 t trap4  ,9 reply he po9t$ to 
a bu% "s rods di/ant 9 :i* hung !       
c>casses ( two opossum & "o coon--caught
 9 ! trap4 ,:ile !re 7 no d5s ne>1 x 0 a
 favorite place = animals to cross or   
else !y came !re = wat]4 ,?is same trap 
0 ! means ( ?is old trapp] tak+ two or  
?ree animals ea* w9t]1 :ile o!r traps at
 d5s ne> caught less4 ,!re is mu* 9 kn[+
 :]e to set traps1 b keep y\r eyes op5 =
 signs & y w le>n :]e to build traps &  
set sn>es soon] or lat]4    99 99 99    
,yes1 boys1 ! deadfall is a spl5did trap
 if made "r1 says an ,arkansas trapp]4  
,i w tell y h[ to make "o t w cat* e m9k
 & coon t runs ! creek4 ,take a pole f\r
 feet long & f\r in*es ?r\gh1 next get a
 log six in*es ?r\gh & eight feet long4 
,use eight /akes & two swit*es4 ,use !  
figure f\r trigg]1 b ! not*es are cut   
diff]5t4 ,bo? ( ! not*es are cut on !   

top side ( ! long trigg] & a not* cut 9 
! upright trigg] & d[n ! long trigg]4 ,!
 paddle "p is sixte5 in*es long4 ,:5 !  
trap is set ! paddle wants to be level &
 "o-half in* high] ?an small logs1 !n   
y\r two swit*es comes 9 ?is to keep !   
paddle f hitt+ ! b>k on side logs4      
,illu/ration3 ,,trail ,,or ,,d5 ,,trap4 
,next is :]e to set4 ,if along a creek1 
f9d a place :]e ! wat] is )9 ?ree feet (
 ! bank1 set y\r trap up & d[n ! creek  
at edge ( wat]1 dam up f back end (     
paddle to bank ) bru% or bri>s1 !n f    
front end into wat] ?ree or f\r feet4 ,y
 w f9d ! upright trigg] has to be a good
 deal long] ?an ! not* trigg]4 ,y c use 
r\nd trigg]s if y want to by nail+ a    
%+le five in*es wide on ! long trigg]   
/ick4 ,be sure & h y\r paddle muddy if  
sett+ along creeks4 ,y want to put a    
little /one back beyond paddle1 s :5 !  
trap falls x w n bur/ paddle4 ,n[ y h a 
trap easy made & sure to cat* any animal
 t /eps on paddle1 :i* is five in*es    
wide & sixte5 long4 ,y don't ne$ any    

bait1 b y c use bait by ?r[+ x "u       
paddle4 ,?is trap is h>d to beat = small
 game4    99 99 99  ,i make a deadfall t
 sets )\t bait1 writes an ,ill9ois      
trapp]4 ,x is made l any o!r only       
diff]5t trigg]s4 ,set x across pa?1 ov] 
or 9 front ( d5 or remove a rail & set x
 9 ! corn] ( a f5ce :]e game goes ?ru4  
,use ?read 9 dry wea!r1 f9e wire = wet4 
,two logs = bottom is bett] ?an "o1 make
 trigg]s high en\gh to suit ! animal y  
wi% to cat*2 if he hits ! /r+ or wire he
 is y\rs4    ,,*apt] ,,xiii4  ,,!       
,,prop] ,,bait4  ,bait is sometimes     
difficult to get1 b usually ! trapp] w  
get en\gh ) 8 gun & /eel traps to keep 8
 l9e ( deadfalls well bait$1 )\t        
difficulty4 ,9 trapp+1 all animals      
caught aft] ! pelt is tak5 (f %\ld be   
hung up s t o!r animals _c rea* !m1 b w 
visit y\r traps4  ,!re are two objects 9
 hang+ up bait3 ,fir/1 o!r animals com+ 
along are apt to eat !m & n visit y\r   
deadfall2 second1 %\ld y run out ( bait 
y c cut a piece f ! animal hang+ up1    

bait y\r trap & g to ! next4 ,:ile bait 
( ?is k9d is n recomm5d$1 sometimes x   
comes to ?is or no?+4 ,fre% bait is :at 
is want$ at all times1 yet ! trapp] _c  
always get :at he kn[s is be/ &         
consequ5tly mu/ d ! next be/4 ,p]haps by
 8 next visit he has bait 9 abundance4  
,! writ] has kn[n trapp]s to use a piece
 ( skunk1 opossum1 muskrat1 coon1 etc41 
t _h be5 caught "s weeks be=e & hung up 
9 a sapl+ :]e x froze & on ! next visit 
! trap bait$ ) skunk conta9$ a skunk4   
,?is %[s t :5 an animal is v hungry x is
 n v p>ticul> :at x eats4  ,9 ! e>ly    
fall :ile food ( all k9ds is easy to    
f9d1 any animal is h>d] to entice to    
bait & at ?is season bait %\ld be fre%  
if ! trapp] expects to make pr(itable   
cat*es4 ,! trapp] %\ld always c>ry a    
gun1 pi/ol or good revolv] ) :i* to help
 kill game to supply bait = 8 traps4    
,/eel traps set along ! l9e w also help 
to keep ! supply ( bait up at all times4
 ,if y are successful 9 secur+ a great  
deal ( bait1 m ?an w be us$ on t r\nd1 y

 w f9d x an excell5t idea to leave "s at
 c]ta9 places :]e x c be secur$ on !    
next r\nd %\ld x be ne$$4  ,bait may    
consi/ ( any t\gh bit ( meat1 b rabbit  
is an excell5t bait4 ,quail or almo/ any
 bird is good4 ,*ick5 also makes good   
bait4 ,squirrel is all "r4 ,= m9k1 fi%  
is excell5t4 ,mice1 frogs & muskrat c   
all be us$4 ,rememb] t ! fre%] & bloodi]
 ! bait ! bett]--animals w sc5t x mu*   
quick]4 ,!y are also fond] ( fre% bait  
?an t :i* has be5 kill$ = days or weeks 
z ! case may be4  ,9 bait+ x is         
important to see t ! bait is on secure4 
,x is a good idea to tie x on ) /rong   
?read or small cord4 ,! am\nt ( bait to 
put on a s+le trap is n s important4    
,mo/ trapp]s use a rabbit 9 bait+ t5    
traps or less2 ! head makes bait = "o   
trap1 ea* =eleg ano!r1 ! back ab\t ?ree 
& ea* h9d leg "o1 al?o ea* h9d leg c be 
cut to make bait = two traps4  ,! sp9dle
 or trigg] is run ?ru ! bait & %\ld be  
fa/5$ on trigg] ne> ! end z %[n 9       
illu/ration else:]e4 ,! secur+ ( bait on

 ! trigg] is an important ?+4 ,if x is n
 on securely & ! trap is h>d to get (f1 
! animal may dev\r bait & ! trap n fall4
 ,if ! trigg] is only /ick+ loosely 9 ! 
bait1 x is easy = an animal to /eal !   
bait4 ,usually ! obs]v+ trapp] kn[s ^!  
?+s & are on _! gu>d1 b = ^? :o are us+ 
deadfalls ?is season = ! fir/ "t1 m     
explicit explanation is necess>y4  ,!   
bait %\ld ext5d back into ! p5 ab\t a   
foot & ! p5 %\ld be s con/ruct$ t ! bait
 t\*es n[h]e only on ! trigg]4 ,! animal
 9 eat+ ! bait usually /&s ) its =e feet
 ^u ! "u pole1 or j ov] x4 ,9 ?is       
condition x c readily be se51 t if its  
gnaw+ at ! bait twi/s ! trigg] (f !     
upright prop :at ! consequ5ces w be--!  
animal w be caught across ! back4 ,an   
animal /&+ 9 ! position j describ$ w    
naturally pull d[n some:at on ! bait & 9
 its eag]ness to get ! bait pulls &     
twi/s ! sp9dle1 or trigg]1 (f ! upright 
prop4  ,x is a good idea to try !       
trigg]4 ,t is1 place ! trigg]s "u ! fall
 j ! same z y w\ld if !y 7 bait$ & y 7  

go+ to set ! trap4 ,by do+ ?is y w f9d  
out ab\t h[ y want to set ! trigg]s s t 
!y w "w prop]ly4 ,!re is mu* 9 be+      
acqua9t$ ) ! work+ ( traps4 ,/udy !m    
c>efully & y w soon le>n to be a        
successful trapp]4    ,,*apt] ,,xiv4    
,,traps ,,knock$ ,,(f4  ,if y f9d t y\r 
traps are d[n ea* "t y visit !m & ! bait
 gone1 ! p5 is p]haps too l>ge & !      
animal1 if a small "o l a m9k1 is go+   
inside to dev\r bait4 ,animals usually  
/& ) =e feet ^u l[] log & rea* into p5  
aft] bait1 b at times !y h be5 kn[n to g
 inside4 ,9 ?is case ! animal is n 9    
dang] z :5 ! fall comes d[n ! animal is 
n "u x4 ,if su* is ! case1 t is1 !      
animal entirely inside ! p51 ! trigg] w 
be caught "u ! fall & ! trapp] kn[s t   
:atev] is mole/+ 8 trap is do+ s f !    
inside4 ,all t ! trapp] has to d is     
less5 ! size ( ! p54 ,?is c be done by  
plac+ small /ones or *unks on ! inside (
 ! p5 or by driv+ /akes on ! inside4 ,by
 do+ ?is ! outside appe>ance is n *ang$4
  ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 ! trigg]1 t is !    

long "o or sp9dle1 n ! %ort prop1 is    
pull$ out ea* "t & (t5 c>ri$ sev]al     
feet1 ! trap is set too h>d to fall &   
%\ld be set easi]4 ,if ! prop1 or       
upright piece1 is cut squ>e across !    
top1 take y\r knife & r\nd (f ! edges s 
t ! trigg] w slip (f easi]4 ,aga9 ! p5  
may be torn d[n & ! animal takes bait f 
! re>4 ,"h is :]e x pays to build traps 
sub/antial4 ,9 su* cases rebuild ! p51  
mak+ x /rong]4 ,%\ld x be torn d[n on   
subsequ5t visits1 ! game is p]haps a    
fox4 ,( c\rse if ! p5 has be5 torn d[n  
by "s trapp] or pass+ hunt]1 y c readily
 detect same by ! mann] 9 :i* x has be5 
done4 ,if ! trapp] is satisfi$ t x is an
 animal t is do+ ! mis*ief1 he wants to 
plan c>efully1 & if he is an exp]t      
trapp]1 a /eel trap or two w come into  
good play & ! animal w be caught 9 !    
/eel trap4 ,! p5 w n be torn d[n aga94  
,:5 traps are d[n note c>efully !       
condition t !y are 92 see t ! fall fits 
on ! l[] pole closely1 & by ! way1 :5   
build+ ?is is an important ?+ to        

notice--t ! fall fits snugly on ! l[] or
 "u pole4  ,if a sn>e or spr+ pole is up
 b no?+ caught1 simply reset4 ,%\ld _m  
sn>es be up ?r[n & no cat*es1 ! tr\ble  
%\ld be locat$ at once4 ,! noose is     
probably too l>ge or small or made (    
limb] or too /iff /r+ or wire1 or maybe 
x is too securely fa/5$4 ,:5 resett+1   
note all ^! c>efully & exp]i5ce w soon] 
or lat] enable y to set j "r to make a  
cat*4 ,if a c]ta9 sn>e is bo!r$         
cont9ually1 x w d no h>m to set a /eel  
trap :]e y ?9k *ances be/ ( tak+ !      
animal4 ,x matt]s b little to ! trapp]  
h[ ! animal is caught1 z x is 8 pelt t  
is want$4  ,9 us+ ! trip trigg]s ) or   
)\t bait1 ! trapp] %\ld fa/5 ! bait by  
ei!r driv+ a peg ?r\gh x & into ! gr\nd 
or tie+4  ,9 mo/ in/ances ! animal w ?r[
 ! trap be=e gett+ to ! bait1 b x is    
well to take ?is precaution 9 case1 =   
any reason1 ! animal %\ld n /ep on !    
trip trigg] at fir/4  ,sometimes a small
 animal may jump ov] ! trip trigg] 9    
ord] to get ! bait & 9 its endeavor to  

get bait w /rike ! trigg]4 ,! animal    
does n "k t ! trigg] is dang]\s1 b n[ & 
!n ei!r /eps or jumps ov]4 ,g5]ally !y  
/ep on ! trigg]1 = if ! trapp] is onto 8
 job ! bait & trigg] are s plac$ t !    
animal ?9ks ! trip trigg] is ! place to 
put 8 foot4  ,9 us+ )\t bait ! trigg] is
 s arrang$ t ! animal rubs or /eps on ! 
trigg] :5 ent]+ or leav+ ! p5 or if at a
 trail or runway :5 pass+ along4        
,,*apt] ,,xv4  ,,spr+ ,,pole ,,sn>e4    
,:ile ! deadfall is good = mo/ animals1 
!re is no "o trap t fills all           
requirem5ts & 9 all places4 ,"s animals 
may be %y ( deadfalls t c be tak5 9 spr+
 poles1 sn>es & /eel traps4 ,?is trap is
 easily & *eaply con/ruct$4 ,x %\ld be  
made ne> d5s or :]e animals travel      
frequ5tly4  ,if a small bu% is n gr[+   
h&y1 cut "o4 ,drive a /ake deeply 9 !   
gr\nd1 pull x out1 /ick ! l>g] end ( !  
bu% cut into x4 ,! explanation ( ?is    
trap is z foll[s3 #a1 bait /ick2 #b1    
trigg]2 #c1 noose made ( wire or /\t    
cord2 #d1 /ay wire made ( wire or cord2 

#e1 bait2 #f1 spr+ pole4  ,by not+      
c>efully ! illu/ration ?is trap c be    
built easily4 ,! size ( ! bu% or spr+   
pole1 ( c\rse1 dep5ds ^u :at siz$       
animals y are trapp+4 ,?is trap w take  
small game su* z m9k1 opossum1 skunk1   
etc41 or c be made l>ge & /rong en\gh to
 cat* m\nta9 lion or black be>4    99 99
 99    ,illu/ration3 ,,spr+ ,,pole ,,&  
,,sn>e4  ,! sn>e is made by build+ a    
r\nd f5ce 9 a place :]e !re is pl5ty (  
small trees4 ,select two ab\t f\r in*es 
ap>t = noose & sn>e entrance1 & ano!r   
long spr+y "o = spr+ pole #f or #g feet 
long1 b5d ?is d[n & trim x4 ,h a noose  
made ( limb] wire or /rong /r+ & a cross
 piece4 ,hav+ cut not*es 9 ! sides ( !  
trees = ! same to fit1 h x to spr+ easy4
 ,= sn>+ rabbits h ! f5ce q high4       
,illu/ration3 ,,small ,,game ,,sn>e4    
,obs]ve ! above description & y c       
readily make4  ,no4 #a is ! noose1 ,no4 
#b is spr+ pole1 ,no4 #c f5ce1 ,no4 #d  
bait4 ,?is sn>e already expla9$ c be    
made any "t 9 ! ye> :ile ! dead fall c  

only be con/ruct$ :5 ! gr\nd isn't      
froz54    99 99 99  ,! sn>es c be ei!r  
made ( tw9e or wire4 ,_m fox & lynx sn>e
 trapp]s 9 ! ,nor? use small brass wire4
    ,illu/ration3 ,,wire ,,& ,,tw9e     
,,sn>e4  ,sn>es "w well 9 cold wea!r &  
if prop]ly con/ruct$ are pretty sure    
cat*]s4  ,a--,spr+ pole4  ,b--,/aple4   
,c--,two small nails driv5 9 tree4      
7,?ree in* nail head1 end d[n1 ) sn>e   
loop$ at ea* end ) a foot ( slack       
betwe54 ,z soon z ! ,d--?ree in* nail is
 pull$ d[n1 x w slip pa/ ! nail at top  
end1 :5 spr+ pole w in/antly take up !  
slack1 also ! fox1 to /aple & does its  
"w47  ,e--,slack l9e or wire4  ,f--,loop
 %\ld be #g in*es 9 diamet] & bottom (  
loop t5 in*es f ! gr\nd4  ,rem>ks--,!   
nails %\ld be driv5 above /aple s x w   
pull /raight d[n to release ! sn>e      
fa/5+4    ,illu/ration3 ,,sn>e ,,loop4  
,a great _m foxes h be5 caught 9 ?is    
c\ntry by ! plan ( ! draw+ outl9$1      
writes ,j4 ,c4 ,hunt]1 ( ,canada4 ,a--! 
sn>e1 %\ld be made ( rabbit wire1 f\r or

 five /r& twi/$ toge!r4 ,%\ld be long   
en\gh to make a loop ab\t sev5 in*es 9  
diamet] :5 set4 ,bottom side ( sn>e %\ld
 be ab\t six in*es f ! gr\nd4 ,e--is a  
little /ick1 %>p at "o end & split at ! 
o!r1 to /ick 9 ! gr\nd & slip bottom (  
sn>e 9 split end1 to hold sn>e /eady4   
,b--is cat* to hold d[n spr+ pole4      
,c--is /ake4 ,d--is spr+ pole4 ,"s b5d  
d[n a sapl+ = a spr+ pole1 b we ?9k !   
be/ way is to cut & trim up a small pole
 ab\t t5 feet long2 fa/5 ! big end "u a 
root & b5d x d[n ov] a crot*1 /ake or   
small tree4 ,sn>e %\ld be set on a summ]
 %eep pa?1 :]e x goes ?r\gh ! bu%es4    
,illu/ration3 ,,pa? ,,set ,,sn>e4  ,/ake
 might be driv5 d[n a foot or m back f !
 pa?1 :]e a bran* ( an ev]gre5 bu% w\ld 
hang ov] x s z to hide x & a /r+ long   
en\gh f /ake or trigg] to sn>e to re/   
ov] pa?4    99 99 99  ,! sett+ ( a sn>e 
is done ?us3 ,a good s\nd tam>ac or o!r 
pole fifte5 or tw5ty feet long is us$ = 
! toss+4 ,! butt end ( ?is mu/ be five  
or six in*es 9 diamet] & ! small end    

ab\t ?ree in*es4 ,a tree ) a crot* 9 x  
is !n select$ to balance ! pole ^u4     
,fail+ to f9d su* a tree 9 ! prop]      
place1 an artificial =k is made by      
cross+ two /\t "y bir* or tam>ac1 firmly
 plant$ 9 ! gr\nd1 & ! two upp] po9ts   
ti$ toge!r six or t5 in*es f ! top4 ,!  
balanc+ or toss+ pole is lodg$ 9 ?is =k 
s t ! "p t[>ds ! butt w\ld out-weigh a  
be> ( two or ?ree hundr$ p\nds susp5d$ f
 ! small end4  ,next a /\t little bir*  
or spruce is select$ & a section ( ?ree 
or f\r cut (f4 ,f ?is all ! bran*es are 
remov$1 except "o1 ! small end is po9t$ 
& driv5 deep into ! gr\nd a few in*es at
 "o side ( ! be> road4 ,! sn>e is made (
 ?ree twi/$ /r&s ( eighte5 ?read cod l9e
 & is firmly ti$ to ! toss+ pole4 ,a few
 dri$ bran*es are /uck 9 ! gr\nd ea*    
side ( ! pa?1 ! pole is depress$ s ! v  
end is caught "u ! twig on ! /ick driv5 
9 ! gr\nd = t purpose & ! noose is      
/iff5$ by rubb+ balsam bran*es :i* leave
 en\gh gum to make x hold its %ape4  ,! 
noose is kept 9 ! prop] position 7!     

bottom be+ ab\t sixte5 in*es above !    
road & ! diamet] be+ ab\t elev5 in*es7  
by blades ( dry grass loop$ to x & !    
ends let into a ga% on /icks at ea*     
side1 put !re = t purpose4 ,no gre5     
bran*es are us$ 9 ! h$ge ab\t ! road    
because ?is w\ld make ! be> suspici\s4  
,! sn>e is n[ complete & ! hunt] /&s    
back & exam9es x critically4 ,8 la/ act 
is to rub "s beav] ca/or on ! trunk ( "s
 tree /&+ ne> ! road1 t5 or twelve feet 
f ! sn>e4 ,?is is done on ano!r tree at 
! same di/ance on ! opposite side ( !   
sn>e4  ,be>s are attract$ by ! smell ( !
 ca/or & rub !mselves aga9/ ! tree 9 !  
same way z a dog rubs on c>rion4 ,:5    
f9i%$ rubb+ on "o tree he sc5ts ! o!r & 
9 go+ to get at ! fre% "o tries to pass 
?ru ! sn>e4 ,he feels ! noose tight5    
ab\t 8 neck & /ruggles2 ?is pulls ! end 
( ! toss+ pole f "u ! bran* trigg]1 up  
goes ! pole & old ,bru9 ) x4    99 99 99
  ,my way1 accord+ to a ,massa*usetts   
trapp]1 to trap skunk )\t sc5t+1 & x is 
successful1 is to sn>e !m4 ,use a spr+  

pole & if "o does n gr[ h&y1 cut "o &   
set x up z firmly z possible ab\t f\r or
 five feet f ! burr[ & to "o side4      
,probably ! gr\nd is froz5 & y w h to   
brace x up ) logs or /ones or p]haps la%
 x to a /ump or root4 ,:5 ! top ( ! pole
 is b5t d[n x %\ld be caught "u ! end ( 
a log or rock on ! opposite side ( !    
hole s t x c easily be dislodg$ by an   
animal1 ei!r go+ 9 or out ( ! burr[4  ,!
 sn>e or noose is atta*$ to ! spr+ pole 
directly ov] ! c5t] ( ! burr[s & !      
bottom ( ! noose %\ld be an in* & a half
 or two in*es f ! gr\nd to all[ !       
animal's feet to pass "u x & 8 little   
po9t$ nose to g ?ru ! c5t]4 ,set ! noose
 z closely ov] ! entrance ( ! hole z    
possible & "o or two c>efully arrang$   
twigs w keep x 9 place4  ,/rong tw9e is 
bett] = ! noose ?an l>ge cord z ! skunk 
is less liable to notice x4  ,:5 a skunk
 passes 9 or out ( ! hole ! noose       
becomes tight5$ ab\t 8 neck & a slight  
pull releases ! spr+ pole :i* soon      
/rangles him4 ,:ile ?is may seem an     

elaborate description ( s simple a trap1
 /ill1 l any o!r trap1 if set 9 a       
c>eless1 half-he>t$ mann]1 x w meet )   
indiff]5t success &1 ?o simple ! sn>e1 )
 a little ?\ght & +5uity c be appli$ 9  
almo/ any situation = ! capture ( small 
game4    ,,*apt] ,,xvi4  ,,trail ,,set  
,,sn>e4  ,_m ( ! boys1 writes an        
,indiana trapp]1 h come =? ) _! p>ticul>
 sn>es & me?ods ( mak+ same1 all ( :i*  
,i believe are good1 b mo/ ( !m require 
to be bait$1 :i* is "o bad feature z    
appli$ to c]ta9 di/ricts1 = su* has be5 
my exp]i5ce t 9 _m localities x is      
utt]ly impossible to get animals to take
 bait4 ,?is sn>e may be us$ z a bl9d or 
set ) bait z y\r trapp+ gr\nds1 or r !  
animals1 may require4  ,x is v          
inexp5sive & s simple any boy c make x4 
,fir/ get a /rip ( iron "o-eigh? in*    
?ick1 ?ree-eigh?s or "o-half wide4 ,cut 
x 9 n9e in* l5g?s & b5d 9 ! %ape ( ,fig4
 #b1 hav+ drill$ a "o-f\r? in* hole 9   
ei!r end4 ,next secure "s light %eet    
iron1 or heavy t91 cut 9 pieces #b #c_/d

 in*es by #e #c_/d in*es = ! pan1 &     
drill a "o-f\r? in* hole 9 c5t] ( same z
 %[n 9 ,fig4 #c4 ,x is n[ a v easy matt]
 to rivet ! pan or ,fig4 #c to ,fig4 #b4
 ,?is done1 take "s #bj p5ny spikes &   
cut (f ! heads z p] ,fig4 #a4           
,illu/ration3 ,,trip ,,pan ,,or ,,plate4
  ,n[ brass1 or pref]ably copp] wire1 c 
be _h on spools at mo/ any h>dw>e /ore1 
:i* is us$ = ! loops1 z x is s pliable  
yet suffici5tly /rong to hold any ( !   
small fur be>]s1 z x is made 9 _m sizes4
 ,use ! brass or copp] wire only = !    
loops1 z ord9>y /ove pipe wire is j !   
article = ! f9i%+ ( ! sn>e4  ,= a bl9d  
set to be plac$ 9 ! run ( ! animals1    
make a d\ble loop1 t is1 two loops = ea*
 sn>e4 ,n[1 take a bun* ( ^! ) y & f9d !
 runs or foll[ ! rav9es & creeks :]e !y 
fe$4 ,if y c f9d a tree 9 a favorable   
spot on _! runs1 take "o ( y\r headless 
spikes & drive 9 ! base ( ! tree a few  
in*es f ! gr\nd4  ,n[ take ,no4 #b ) !  
pan rivet$ !reon & hook b5t & ov] spike1
 driv+ spike into tree until pan is     

level & until !re is j room en\gh to    
hook loop ( wire ov] head ( spike4 7,see
 illu/ration47 ,dig out "u pan s same c 
fall :5 /epp$ ^u4 ,!n secure a rock or  
*unk ( suffici5t weight & fa/5 to o!r   
end ( wire4 ,?r[ ?is ov] limb ( tree &  
hook loop ov] head ( a spike1 hav+ fir/ 
put ,no4 #b 9 place4  ,put "o loop on "o
 side ( ! pan & ! o!r loop on ! o!r     
side1 s t an animal com+ ei!r way w /ep 
^u ! pan to 8 sorr[4 ,?is done1 drive a 
/aple 9 tree ov] wire runn+ f spike to  
limb1 :i* w prev5t ! animal be+ pull$   
ov] ! limb & escap+4    ,illu/ration3   
,,d\ble ,,trail ,,set4  ,hav+ cov]$     
ev]y?+ up ) ! natural surr\nd+s & left  
no signs1 y may claim ! fir/ furri] t   
happ5s t way & he w be wait+ = y4 ,?is  
sn>e may also be us$ ) ! ord9>y spr+    
pole by driv+ spike 9 a /ake1 !n ! /ake 
9 ! gr\nd1 9 :i* case x is be/ to make !
 usual ,v-%ap$ p5 ) /akes or /ones1     
cov]+ same ov] at top & sett+ s ! pan w 
be "r 9 ! m\? ( ! p5 & ! s+le loop j    
betwe5 pan & bait4 ,9 ?is way !y tread  

^u ! pan j be=e !y rea* ! bait4  ,y f9d 
?is sn>e easily ?r[n4 ,!y w n co/ y ov] 
?ree c5ts a piece1 & any man c easily   
c>ry "o hundr$ ( !m & n be half load$4  
99 99 99  ,9 _m ways ! sn>e is spl5did =
 lynx4 ,"h 9 ,we/]n ,ont>io1 says a well
 kn[n trapp]1 :]e ! lynx seldom take    
bait1 !y may be tak5 q easily 9 sn>es   
set on sn[%oe trails4 ,fig4 #a %[s a    
wire sn>e set on su* a trail4 ,i g ab\t 
x 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,hav+ f\nd a        
suitable place along ! edge ( "s swamp  
or ald] ?icket1 ,i cut a spruce or      
balsam tree1 ab\t t5 or twelve feet     
long1 & ?r[ x across ! trail4 ,i press !
 tree d[n until ! /em ( ! tree is ab\t  
tw5ty in*es above ! trail1 & make an    
op5+ 9 ! trail by cutt+ a few ( ! limbs 
away on ! "u side ( ! trail4 ,!n ,i set 
a c\ple ( dead /akes on ea* side s z to 
leave ! op5+ ab\t t5 in*es wide & hang  
my sn>e betwe5 ^! /akes & directly "u ! 
/em ( ! tree4    ,illu/ration3 ,,trail  
,,set ,,sn>es4  ,! sn>e %\ld be ab\t n9e
 in*es 9 diamet] & %\ld be fa/5$        

securely to ! tree4 ,x %\ld also be     
fa/5$ lightly to ! /akes on ei!r side1 s
 x w n spr+ out ( %ape4 ,! be/ way is to
 make a little split 9 ! side ( ea*     
/ake1 & fa/5 ! sn>e ) a v small twig    
/uck 9 ! split /ake4  ,i make ! sn>es ( 
rabbit wire1 ab\t f\r or five plies     
?ick1 twi/$4 ,"s trapp]s pref] to use a 
cord4 ,! d>k color$ codfi% l9e is be/1 &
 x is be/ to use a spr+ pole sn>e1 &    
,fig4 #c %[s ! me?od ( tie+ & fa/5+ to !
 /akes4 ,x w be se5 t :5 ! lynx passes 8
 head ?r\gh ! sn>e he only ne$s to give 
a slight pull to op5 ! slip knot &      
release ! spr+ pole4  ,to prev5t !      
rabbits f bit+ a cord sn>e1 rub x well )
 ! dropp+ ( ! lynx or fox & also1 nev]  
use any gre5 wood o!r ?an spruce or     
balsam1 z any fre% gre5 wood is sure to 
attract ! rabbits4 ,y may also put a    
small piece ( beav] ca/or along ! trail 
on ea* side ( ! sn>e1 & y w be m sure ( 
! lynx1 z beav] ca/or is v attractive to
 ^! big cats4    99 99 99  ,we w n[     
proce$ to make ano!r spr+ pole sn>e1    

al?o ! "o describ$ be=e is m practical1 
says a ,colorado trapp]4 ,x is made l ! 
prec$+ "o except ! trigg]1 etc4 ,?is "o 
is to be us$ on a runway )\t any bait   
:atev]4 ,! illu/ration %[s ! trigg] z x 
appe>s 9 ! runway4 ,no4 #a is ! trip    
/ick2 ,no4 #b1 ! /ay crot*2 ,no4 #c1 !  
trigg]2 ,no4 #d1 ! loop2 ,no4 #e1 !     
pa?way1 & ,no4 ,g1 ! /ay wire4          
,illu/ration3 ,,pa? ,,sn>e4  ,! animal 9
 com+ on d[n ! pa? 7#e7 passes its body 
or neck ?ru ! loop made ( /\t s(t       
insulat$ wire 7#d72 9 pass+ x /eps on ! 
trip /ick 7#a7 :i* settles ) ! animal's 
weight1 releas+ ! trigg] 7#c7 :i* 9 turn
 releases ! /ay wire 7#f7 & j]ks ! loop 
7#d7 ar\nd ! animal2 ! spr+ pole onto   
:i* ! /ay-wire x atta*$ lifts y\r game  
up into ! air1 *ok+ x to dea? & plac+ x 
out ( rea* ( o!r animals t w\ld o!rwise 
de/roy y\r fur4 ,a small not* cut 9 !   
/ay crot* :]e ! end ( ! trip /ick re/s w
 insure ! trigg] to be releas$4 ,?is w  
hold ! trip /ick firm at ! end1 mak+ x  
move only at ! end :]e ! animal /eps4   

,,*apt] ,,xvii4  ,,bait ,,set ,,sn>e4   
,?is sn>e ,i consid] good = su* animals 
z w take bait4 7,see page #ada47  ,no4  
#a & #b1 headless wire nails driv5      
horizontally into tree ab\t t5 in*es f  
gr\nd4  ,no4 #c1 a ,no4 #aj or #ab wire 
nail ) head us$ to cat* "u ,no4 #a & #b4
  ,no4 #d1 bait /ick or trigg]4 ,no4 #c 
passes ?r\gh ,no4 #d4  ,no4 #e1 bait1   
frog ti$ to bottom ( ,no4 #d4  ,no4 #f's
 sn>e1 fa/5$ to ,no4 #c by two half     
hit*es1 !n fa/5$ to ,no4 #c by two half 
hit*es1 !n fa/5$ to sev5 or spr+ pole4  
,no4 #g1 spr+ pole4  ,nos4 #h1 #h1 small
 /akes driv5 9 gr\nd to =m a p54  ,nos4 
#i1 #i1 two small twigs split at top to 
hold sn>e loop 9 place4  ,nos4 #a & #b  
%\ld be ab\t #d in*es ap>t4  ,no4 #c    
goes ?r\gh a gimlet hole 9 ,no4 #d4     
,ab\t ?ree in*es f ! top use any small  
r\nd /ick f #a_/b to #a in* 9 ?ickness1 
n necess>y to flatt5 ,no4 #d z 9        
illu/ration4 ,use x natural b>k on4 ,f  
hole 9 ,no4 #d to bottom end %\ld be    
ab\t #g in*es4    ,illu/ration3 ,,rat   

,,runway ,,sn>e4 ,,und]gr\nd ,,rat      
,,runway4 ,,runway ,,& ,,cubby ,,set4   
,,log ,,set ,,sn>e4 ,,c[ ,,pa? ,,sn>e4  
,sn>e loop ab\t #f in*es 9 front ( bait1
 held 9 place by #i1 #i1 slightly lean+ 
aga9/ #h1h4  ,x c be pla9ly se5 t if an 
animal takes ,no4 #e 9 its jaws & tries 
to remove x1 x moves out ! bottom ( ,no4
 #d1 mov+ =w>d ,no4 #c until1 flip6 up  
%e goes4 ,! top ( ,no4 #d mu/ be tight  
aga9/ ! tree :5 set4    ,illu/ration3   
,,lift+ ,,pole ,,sn>e4  ,no4 #c %\ld j  
cat* "u ,no4 #a & #b1 !n x takes b #a_/b
 in* to pull on bait to spr+ x4 ,bait ) 
frogs1 fi%1 ta9t$ meat = skunk1 & pieces
 ( rabbit1 muskrat or bird1 = m9k4  ,!  
lynx1 l ! wolv]9e1 is n afraid ( a      
sn[%oe track1 & w foll[ a l9e ( rabbit  
sn>e = long di/ances1 & :5 he sees a    
bunny hang+ up1 he1 )\t ! lea/          
compunction1 appropriates x to himself1 
by "r ( discov]y4  ,:5 he does ?is once 
he w come aga9 & ! ,indian hunt]1 kn[+  
?is1 at once sets a sn>e = ,mi/] ,cat4  
,sometimes :5 ! ?ief has left a portion 

( ! rabbit1 a bran* h\se is built up    
aga9/ ! trunk ( "s tree1 ! rema9s ( !   
rabbit plac$ at ! back & ! sn>e set at !
 doorway4    ,illu/ration3 ,,bait ,,set 
,,sn>e4  ,a /\t bir* /ick is cut ab\t   
?ree or f\r feet long & lodg$ on a =k$  
/ick at ea* side ( ! door & ab\t two & a
 half feet high4 ,to ! middle ( ?is     
crossb> ! end ( ! tw9e is ti$2 ,no4 #i  
,holl& is g5]ally us$1 or ,no4 #f ?read 
cod l9e4 ,?is is gumm$ by rubb+ balsam  
bran*es up & d[n ! tw9e 9 ! same way z !
 be> sn>e4 ,! noose is held 9 %ape 9 "o 
or two places at ea* side by a light /r&
 ( wood or blade ( grass & a c\ple (    
small dry /icks are plac$ upright "u !  
sn>e to prev5t ! cat f pass+ b5ea?4  ,! 
loop is almo/ z l>ge z = a be> & z high 
f ! gr\nd1 if n high]4 ,! lynx has long 
legs & c>ries 8 head /raight 9 front (  
him & takes a sn>e by pu%+ ?ru x1 or by 
a ru%1 nev] cr\*+ & !n spr++4  ,z !     
resort ( rabbits is a "y gr[? ( c\ntry1 
!re are also lynx 9 ! greate/ numb]s4   
,rabbits & p>tridges are _! pr9cipal    

food4 ,:5 ! ,indian ent]s a new piece ( 
c\ntry to set rabbit sn>es to support 8 
wife & family & sees signs ( lynx1 he   
comb9es ! two k9ds ( hunt+ & z he goes  
along1 once 9 a :ile1 he b>s 8 sn[%oe   
track by plac+ a lynx sn>e 9 ! way4 ,!  
lynx are fond ( ! smell ( ca/or1 z inde$
 are mo/ animals1 s ! hunt] rubs a      
little on a tree at ea* side ( 8 sn>e = 
! cat to rub aga9/ :5 he comes t way4   
,! sn>e is nev] ti$ to any?+ immovable1 
z !y are v p[]ful & w\ld break ! tw9e4  
,z soon z ! noose tight5s ! cross piece 
comes readily away f ! supports & ! cat 
spr+s to "o side4 ,! /ick1 h[ev]1 ei!r  
knocks him a bl[ or gets tangl$ 9 8     
legs4 ,?is he tries sev]al times1 b ) ! 
same result1 t bo!rsome /ick is always  
hang+ to 8 neck4 ,ab\t ! la/ ef=t he    
makes to free himself is to asc5d a     
tree4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is ne>ly always      
fatal1 = aft] he gets up a c]ta9 di/ance
 ?is tr\ble "s /ick is sure to get fa/  
back ( "s limb4 ,! lynx by ?is "t1 hav+ 
become a pretty cross cat1 makes matt]s 

worse & ! hunt] f9ds him hang+ dead1 at 
times tw5ty or ?irty feet f ! e>?4      
,,*apt] ,,xviii  ,,! ,,box ,,trap4  ,?is
 trap is put to v>i\s uses4 ,! beg9n]   
usually has "o or two ) :i* he traps =  
rabbits4 ,9 fact !y are great = t = !   
animal is n injur$1 :i* is (t5 ! case :5
 %ot or caught by dogs4 ,rabbits caught 
9 box traps are !re=e ! be/ = eat+4  ,! 
trapp] :o wants to secure fur-be>]s     
alive to sell to p>ks1 m5ag]ies or to   
/>t a fur ran* usually uses ! box trap4 
,! size = rabbits is ab\t #cj in*es long
 by #e wide & #f high4 ,! bo>ds c be (  
any k9d b p9e1 popl>1 etc41 be+ light is
 mu* us$4 ,! bo>ds ne$ only be a half   
in* ?ick4 ,to make a trap y w ne$ f\r   
pieces #cj in*es long2 two ( ^! = !     
sides %\ld be six in*es wide2 ! o!r two 
= top & bottom %\ld be #e in*es4 ,^!    
pieces %\ld be nail$ on ! top & bottom (
 ! sides4 ,?is w make ! inside ( ! trap 
six in*es high by f\r wide4 ,x is be/ to
 h y\r trap n>r[ s t ! animal y are     
trapp+ _c turn 9 ! trap4  ,9 "o end ( ! 

trap wires or small iron rods %\ld be   
plac$ 7see illu/ration74 ,^! %\ld be    
ab\t an in* ap>t4 ,9 ! o!r end ! door is
 con/ruct$4 ,?is c be made out ( wire   
also4 ,! bottom ( door %\ld /rike ab\t  
eight in*es inside4 ,x w be se5 t an    
animal pu%+ aga9/ ! door1 f ! outside1  
raises x1 b once on ! inside ! m !y pu% 
aga9/ x ! tight] x becomes4             
,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,box ,,trap4  ,! trap
 c be set at holes :]e game is kn[n to  
be1 or c be plac$ :]e game frequ5ts &   
bait$4 ,if bait is us$ place a little   
prop "u ! door & place bait back 9 trap 
a foot or m4 ,bait to use ( c\rse dep5d+
 ^u :at y are trapp+4  ,! trap describ$ 
is ab\t "r size = ! common rabbit & m9k4
 ,= skunk & opossum a trap a little l>g]
 w be requir$4  ,= m9k & o!r animals t  
are gnaw]s ! traps %\ld be visit$ daily 
= !y may gnaw & escape4 ,if impossible  
to visit traps daily !y %\ld be l9$ )   
t94  ,9 _m places ^! traps1 ) a door at 
ea* end1 are us$ = cat*+ muskrat4 ,!y   
are set 9 _! d5s "u wat] & ei!r ti$ or  

weight$ d[n4 ,! rats are caught ei!r go+
 9 or leav+4  ,9 mak+ ^! traps ! beg9n] 
is apt to make !m too wide--s ! animal c
 turn )94 ,?is is a mi/ake = x gives !  
game m fre$om & room to gnaw to lib]ty4 
,! animal simply goes 9 & is !re until !
 trapp] comes along & removes ! game4   
,skunk c be dr[n$ :5 caught 9 ?is trap  
)\t sc5t+ if ! trapp] kn[s h[ to g ab\t 
x4  ,! trap %\ld be h&l$ c>efully4 ,take
 to wat] suffici5tly deep to cov] ! trap
 & sl[ly s9k & !n ei!r weight ! trap or 
hold d[n until ! animal is dr[n$4  ,!   
box trap is a humane trap if visit$     
daily4 ,!y are r unh&y to c>ry ab\t &   
few trapp]s want _m1 yet "u c]ta9       
conditions !y are v useful4 ,!y c be    
made dur+ idle "t4 ,= m9k & o!r %y      
animals !y %\ld be h&l$ z little z      
possible4 ,!y %\ld be made ( old bo>ds  
or at lea/ avoid all appe>ances (       
newness4    99 99 99  ,"s sections      
sapl+s to make deadfalls _c be _h & = ! 
b5efit ( su*1 a wood5 trap1 ?ree feet   
long & six in*es wide & deep1 is a good 

mann] to take muskrat1 writes a ,we/]n  
trapp]4 ,! bo>ds c be cut out ( any old 
lumb]4 ,9 ea* end is a wire door1 hung  
on h+es at ! top4 ,^! doors rise at !   
slighte/ pu% on ! outside1 b w n op5 f !
 inside4 ,! trap is sunk 9 ! wat] at !  
entrance to ! d5 & is fa/5$ !re4 ,a     
muskrat 9 ent]+ or leav+ ! d5 is sure to
 ent] ! trap4  ,! animal1 ( c\rse1 c\ld 
gnaw out1 b w dr[n be=e x has "t to     
accompli% ?is4 ,sev]al rats are (t5     
tak51 :]e !y are num]\s1 9 a night4     
,traps ( ?is k9d c be us$ to be/        
advantage 9 lakes & ponds or :]e !      
height ( ! /ream does n v>y mu*4 ,if !y 
are set along creeks & riv]s y want to  
fa/5 !m securely or take !m up be=e     
heavy ra9s1 z !y are almo/ sure to be   
wa%$ away4    99 99 99  ,i see 9 a rec5t
 numb] :]e ,george ,walk] want$ "s "o to
 tell ?r\gh ,h-,t-,t h[ to make box trap
 to cat* muskrat4 ,"h is a good way3    
,fir/ take f\r bo>ds #cf in*es long1    
nail toge!r leav+ bo? ends op54 ,next a 
small gate1 consi/+ ( a squ>e piece (   

wood suppli$ ) a few /iff wires is !n   
pivot$ inside ( ea* op5+ s z to "w      
freely & fall easily :5 rais$4 ,! bait  
is fa/5$ inside ! c5t] ( ! box4 ,!      
animal 9 que/ ( ! bait f9ds an easy     
entrance1 z ! wires lift at slight      
pressure1 b ! exit aft] ! gate has clos$
 is s difficult t escape is almo/ beyond
 "q4 ,to insure fur!r /r5g? x is        
advisable to connect ! l[] ends ( !     
wires by a cross piece ( f9e wire twi/$ 
ab\t ea*4 ,if y h good luck y c cat* two
 & ?ree 9 ?is trap ea* night4 ,set 9 two
 or ?ree in*es ( wat] :]e muskrat       
frequ5ts1 or set 9 skunk d5s4    ,,*apt]
 ,,xix4  ,,! ,,coop ,,trap4  ,?is trap  
is us$ ) great success = cat*+ wild     
turkey1 pheasants1 quail & o!r fea!r$   
game4 ,9 "s /ates ! law =bids ! use (   
?is & simil> traps4  ,! trap is built l 
an ord9>y rail p54 ,9 fact1 "s use small
 rails :5 con/ruct+ ?is trap = wild     
turkey1 :ile o!rs build ( small /raight 
poles4 ,! p5 is usually six feet or m   
squ>e & ab\t ?ree high4 ,! coop is      

/rong] if drawn 9 f bottom to top 7see  
illu/ration74 ,! top mu/ be cov]$ &     
weight$4  ,a dit* is n[ dug ab\t a foot 
wide4 ,?is dit* %\ld beg9 ab\t ?ree feet
 f coop & lead )94 ,corn or o!r gra9 is 
scatt]$ on ! outside & 9 ! tr5* lead+   
into ! coop4 ,on ! inside consid]able   
%\ld be scatt]$ 9 ! leaves & small b    
%ort twigs4  ,! turkeys once on ! inside
 w eat ! gra9 & scrat* among ! leaves   
:i* g5]ally p>tly fill ! tr5* & z !     
birds are usually look+ up1 :5 n eat+1  
!y d n ?9k ( ! tr5* ?ru :i* !y ent]$4   
,! same trap w cat* quail1 b ( c\rse is 
built mu* small]4 ,ab\t ?ree feet squ>e 
be+ l>ge en\gh & a foot high is         
suffici5t4  ,"s h built quail coops out 
( corn/alks & report cat*es4            
,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,coop ,,trap4  ,!    
quail coop %\ld h ! dit* lead+ to !     
inside ! same z describ$ = turkey4 ,(   
c\rse ! dit* %\ld be mu* small]--only   
l>ge en\gh = "o bird to ent] at a "t4   
,on ! inside ( coop x is a good idea to 
lay a bo>d six in*es or wid] ov] ! dit*4

 ,! bait %\ld be :eat or o!r small gra9 
or se$s t ! birds l4 ,scatt] ?9ly on !  
outside & 9 ! tr5*1 b on ! inside place 
m lib]ally4 ,*aff or leaves %\ld be     
plac$ on ! inside s t ! birds 9 scrat*+ 
= ! gra9 w p>tly fill up ! hole ?ru :i* 
!y came4  ,quail1 turkey & o!r fea!r$   
game once on ! inside & aft] eat+ ! bait
 nev] ?9k ( go+ d[n into ! dit* & out1 b
 walk r\nd & r\nd ! coop look+ ?ru !    
*9ks & try+ to escape4  ,! l>ge/ cat*es 
are made by bait+ :]e ! birds frequ5t = 
"s days or ev5 weeks be=e try+ to make a
 cat*4 ,x is well to make ! coops long 9
 advance s t ! birds w be accu/om$ to   
!m1 especially wild turkey4  ,^! traps  
are "s times us$ ) ! figure #d trigg]1 b
 :5 ?us set seldom m ?an "o or two birds
 are caught at a "t4    ,,*apt] ,,xx4   
,,! ,,pit ,,trap4  ,?is me?od ( cat*+   
game & fur be>+ animals is n mu* us$1 z 
! labor 9 connection ) mak+ a pit trap  
is consid]able4 ,! me?od1 h[ev]1 is an  
excell5t "o = tak+ "s ( ! l>g] animals1 
especially :5 !y are want$ = p>ks1      

m5ag]ies1 etc41 un9jur$4  ,! pit %\ld be
 sev]al feet deep & bait plac$ z %[n4   
,ano!r way is to cov] ! top ) rott5     
limbs1 leaves1 etc41 & place ! bait on  
?is4 ,! animal 9 try+ to secure ! bait  
breaks ?ru4  ,! dirt f ! pit %\ld be    
remov$ 9 baskets4 ,cat*es are made by   
digg+ a pit across animal runways or    
trails4 ,:5 ! gr\nd is n froz5 or dur+  
ra9y wea!r x is well to place a bo>d    
sev]al in*es wide at top4 ,! animal 9   
go+ ov] its usual trail /eps ^u ! frail 
cov]+ & falls ?ru4  ,:ile ! pit trap is 
mo/ly us$ = captur+ l>ge game1 x c be   
us$ to advantage = tak+ _m ( ! small]   
fur be>]s4  ,:]e muskrat are num]\s1    
in/ead ( digg+ a pit1 secure a box ab\t 
?ree feet deep4 ,! wid? & l5g? make no  
diff]5ce4 ,place a few flat rocks 9 !   
bottom & place 9 ! wat] :]e rats        
frequ5t4 ,make ! box solid4 ,! box mu/  
be wat] tight4 ,! weight %\ld br+ ! top 
( box to )9 a few in*es ( wat]4 ,a c\ple
 ( bo>ds or *unks %\ld be s plac$ t !   
rats w climb up !m & to ! box along !   

edge ( :i* ! bait is plac$4             
,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,pit ,,trap4  ,! pit 
trap c be us$ :]e skunk & o!r animals   
frequ5t4 ,bait ! place = "s days be=e ! 
pit is dug4  ,if ! pit is to be us$ )\t 
bait1 !n f9d ! runways ( ! animal & dig 
! pit4 ,:ile "s animals may n be %y1 if 
a little fre% dirt is ly+ ar\nd1 yet x  
is be/ to be v c>eful & c>ry all e>?    
tak5 out ( pit a few rods to "o side4   
,pits ( ?is k9d %\ld be sev]al feet     
deep4  ,! success ! hunt] or trapp] has 
9 us+ ?is me?od w dep5d l>gely ^u 8 k ( 
! game he is aft]4 ,unless ! animal or  
animals are want$ alive1 ! "w to make a 
pit is too great & ! *ances ( a cat*    
nev] c]ta94 ,?is way is n practicable "u
 ord9>y circum/ances1 yet :]e ! game is 
want$ alive & s\nd1 is wor? try+4       
,,*apt] ,,xxi4  ,,numb] ,,( ,,traps4  ,9
 "s localities !re are n _m d5s &       
trapp]s make use ( ab\t all :5 trapp+ t 
section1 b 9 o!r p>ts ( ! c\ntry d5s are
 s num]\s t to place a trap at ea* is   
impossible4 ,9 /ates :]e gr\ndhogs      

7wood*ucks71 are num]\s !re are (t5 a   
hundr$ or m d5s along a s+le bluff or   
rocky bank4 ,to h en\gh /eel traps to   
set "o at ea* is some?+ few trapp]s d1  
yet two or ?ree deadfalls 9 connection )
 a l9e ( /eel traps is all t is necess>y
 & ! trapp] c move on to ! next bluff   
:]e d5s are num]\s & set ano!r trap or  
two4 ,z a rule x is :]e !re are _m d5s1 
close toge!r1 t deadfalls make ! be/    
cat*es1 yet :5 y f9d a good d5 any:]e1  
set or con/ruct a deadfall4  ,all       
trapp]s h notic$ :5 track+ animals 9 !  
sn[ t !y visit ne>ly e d5 along _! r\te1
 n always go+ 9 b j /ick+ _! head 94 ,:5
 ?us inve/igat+1 ! animal smells ! bait 
& is hungry 7z n9e times out ( t5 !     
animal is hunt+ some?+ to eat71 & if y\r
 trap is set prop]ly y are reasonably   
sure to make a cat*4  ,9 ! ,nor?1       
,canada1 ,alaska & "s ( ! /ates on !    
,canadian bord] :]e trapp+ is made a    
bus9ess1 x is no uncommon ?+ = "o man to
 h z _m z "o hundr$ & fifty traps & "s h
 out twice t _m1 or ?ree hundr$4 ,m>t5  

trapp]s 9 ! trackless =e/s (t5 blaze out
 a r\te fifty or m miles 9 l5g?1 build+ 
%elt]s along ! l9e :]e nights are sp5t4 
,! trapp] :o only sp5ds a few h\rs ea*  
day at trapp+ & lives 9 ?ickly settl$   
di/ricts w f9d t x is h>d = him to      
locate suitable places p]haps = m ?an   
?irty to fifty traps1 yet if ^! w be    
look$ at prop]ly dur+ ! season ! cat* w 
ju/ify ! "t & labor 9 build+4  ,! numb] 
( deadfalls & sn>es t ea* trapp] %\ld   
con/ruct 9 8 section mu/ l>gely be      
det]m9$ by himself1 dep5d+ ^u h[ l>ge a 
t]ritory he has to trap ov] )\t runn+   
into o!r trapp]s' gr\nds4 ,x w be little
 use to build traps :]e !re are o!r     
trapp]s z tr\ble w occur1 traps may be  
torn to pieces1 etc4 ,yet !re are _m    
good places to build traps 9 y\r        
imm$iate locality no d\bt4 ,if !re are  
any creeks ne> & woods along ! banks y w
 f9d good places at bo? creek & 9 !     
woods4 ,if 9 sections :]e !re is no =e/1
 l "s we/]n /ates1 deadfalls trapp+ may 
be difficult f ! fact t !re is no?+ to  

build !m )4  ,9 su* cases ! portable    
traps1 7describ$ else:]e7 9 ?is book1 c 
probably be us$ to advantage1 b be/ (   
all 9 su* places is /eel traps4  ,!     
numb] ( deadfalls & sn>es t a trapp] c  
att5d to is l>ge1 f ! fact t ! game is  
kill$ & z ! wea!r is usually cold1 !    
traps ne$ n be look$ at only ab\t twice 
ea* week4  ,9 ! ,nor?1 _m trapp]s h su* 
long l9es t !y d n get ov] !m only once 
a week4 ,! tr\ble :]e deadfalls are only
 look$ at once 9 sev5 days is t o!r     
animals are apt to f9d ! game & may     
injure ! fur1 or ev5 de/roy ! pelt4     
,:]e sn>es ) spr+ pole atta*m5t are us$1
 & ! wea!r is cold1 ! trapp] ne$ n make 
! r\nds only once a week1 z all animals 
w be susp5d$ 9 ! air & out ( ! rea* (   
fle% eat]s4  ,s\? ( #dj degrees :]e !   
wea!r is n sev]e1 x is policy to look at
 traps at lea/ twice a week1 & 9 !      
extreme ,s\? ! trapp] %\ld make 8 r\nds 
e day4  ,x w ?us be se5 t a trapp] 9 !  
,nor? c att5d m deadfalls & sn>es ?an "o
 9 ! ,s\? or ev5 9 ! ,c5tral ,/ates4 ,no

 trapp] %\ld h m traps or long] l9es ?an
 he c prop]ly att5d to4 ,! fur be>+     
animals are none too num]\s )\t hav+ !m 
caught & _! pelts & fur spoil$ be=e !   
arrival ( ! trapp]4    ,,*apt] ,,xxii4  
,,:5 ,,to ,,trap4  ,! prop] season to   
beg9 trapp+ is :5 cold wea!r comes4 ,!  
old say+ t fur is good any mon? t has an
 r 9 does n hold good except 9 ! ,nor?4 
,ev5 !re ,septemb] is too e>ly to beg91 
yet muskrat & skunk are wor? some?+ z   
well z o!r furs4 ,9 ! spr+ ,april is !  
la/ mon? ) an r4 ,9 mo/ sections        
muskrat1 be>1 beav]1 badg] & ott] are   
good all ?ru ,april1 b o!r animals began
 %$d+ weeks be=e4  ,! rule = trapp]s to 
foll[ is to put (f trapp+ 9 ! fall until
 nights are fro/y & ! gr\nd freezes4    
,g5]ally speak+ 9 ,canada & ! m ,nor!rn 
,/ates trapp]s c beg9 ab\t ,novemb] #a &
 %\ld cease ,m>* #a1 ) ! exception (    
wat] animals1 be> & badg]1 :i* may be   
trapp$ a mon? lat]4 ,9 ! ,c5tral &      
,s\!rn ,/ates trapp]s %\ld n beg9 s e>ly
 & %\ld leave (f 9 ! spr+ f "o to f\r   

weeks soon]--dep5d+ ^u h[ f> ,s\? !y are
 locat$4  ,at ! int]ior ,hudson ,bay    
po/s1 :]e _! ^w is law1 ,octob] #be is  
appo9t$ to beg9 & ,may #be? to quit     
hunt+ & trapp+ ) ! exception ( be>1 :i* 
are consid]$ prime up to ,june #aj4     
,rememb] t ! above dates are = ! int]ior
 or ,nor!rn ,h4 ,b4 ,po/s1 :i* are      
locat$ hundr$s ( miles nor? ( ! b\nd>y  
betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,canada4  ,!   
skunk is ! fir/ animal to become prime1 
!n ! coon1 m>t51 fi%]1 m9k & fox1 b !   
latt] does n become /rictly prime until 
aft] a few days ( sn[1 says an old ,ma9e
 trapp]4 ,rats & beav] are late 9 prim+ 
up z well z ott] & m9k1 & ?o ! m9k is n 
/rictly a l& animal1 x becomes prime    
ab\t ) ! lat] l& animals4 ,! be>1 :i* is
 /rictly a l& animal1 is n 9 good fur   
until sn[ comes & n /rictly prime until 
,febru>y or ,m>*4    99 99 99  ,) ! fir/
 fro/s & cool days _m trapp]s beg9 sett+
 & bait+ _! traps4 ,t x is easi] to cat*
 c]ta9 k9ds ( fur-be>+ animals e>ly 9 ! 
season is kn[n to mo/ trapp]s & = ?is   

reason trapp+ 9 mo/ localities is done  
too e>ly 9 ! season4  ,"s ye>s ago :5   
trapp+ 0 done ev5 e>li] ?an n[1 we      
exam9$ m9k sk9s t 7 class$ z ,no4 #d &  
wor? #aj or #ae c5ts1 t1 _h !y be5 all[$
 to live a few weeks long]1 _! hides    
w\ld h be5 ,no4 #a & wor?1 accord+ to   
locality1 f #a4ej to #c4ej ea*4 ,?is    
e>ly trapp+ is a loss to ! trapp] if !y 
w only pause & ?9k4 ,!re are only s _m  
animals 9 a locality to be caught ea*   
w9t] & :y cat* !m be=e _! fur is prime8 
,9 ! latitude ( ,s\!rn ,ohio1 ,indiana1 
,ill9ois1 etc41 skunk caught 9 ! mon? ( 
,octob] are grad$ back f "o to ?ree     
grades 7& ev5 sometimes into tra%71 :]e 
if !y 7 n caught until ,novemb] #ae? h[ 
diff]5t w\ld be ! classification4 ,!    
same is true ( opossum1 m9k1 muskrat1   
coon1 fox1 etc4    99 99 99  ,skunk are 
"o ( ! animals t become prime fir/ ea*  
fall4 ,! date t !y become prime dep5ds  
mu* on ! wea!r4 ,fifte5 ye>s ago1 :5    
trapp+ 9 ,s\!rn ,ohio1 ! writ] has sold 
skunk at w9t] prices caught z e>ly z    

,octob] #af1 :ile o!r seasons ^? caught 
! #g? ( ,novemb]1 or ?ree weeks lat]1   
blu$ & 7 grad$ back4 ,am glad to say t  
ye>s ago ,i le>n$ n to put out traps    
until ,novemb]4  ,t ! wea!r has mu* to d
 ) ! prim+ ( furs & pelts !re is no "q4 
,if ! fall is cold] ?an usual ! furs w  
become prime soon]1 :ile if ! freez+    
wea!r is lat] ! pelts w be lat] 9 prim+ 
up4  ,9 ! sections :]e weasel turn :ite 
7!n call$ erm9e by _m71 trapp]s h a good
 guide4 ,:5 !y become :ite !y are prime 
& s are mo/ o!r l& animals4 ,9 fact1 "s 
are fairly good a week or two be=e4  ,:5
 a pelt is put on ! /ret*] & becomes    
blue 9 a few days x is f> f prime & w   
grade no bett] ?an ,no4 #b4 ,if ! pelt  
turns black ! *ances are t ! pelt w     
grade  ,no4 #c or #d1 ,9 ! case ( m9k1  
:5 d>k spots only appe> on ! pelt1 x is 
n q prime4  ,trapp]s & hunt]s %\ld      
rememb] t no pelt is prime or ,no4 #a :5
 x turns ! lea/ blue4 ,opossum sk9s     
seldom turn blue ev5 if caught e>ly--mo/
 o!r sk9s d4    ,,*apt] ,,xxiii4        

,,season',s ,,cat*4  ,! reason t _m     
trapp]s make small cat*es1 ea* season1  
is f ! fact t !y sp5d only an h\r or s  
ea* day at trapp+1 :ile at mo/ o!r      
bus9ess ! p>ty devotes ! entire day4 ,! 
trapp] :o looks out 8 gr\nds "s weeks 9 
advance ( ! trapp+ season is n idl+ 8 "t
 away4 ,he %\ld also h a l9e ( traps    
con/ruct$ 9 advance ( ! trapp+ season4  
,!re is a fasc9ation connect$ ) trapp+ t
 fills "o ) a /range feel+ :5 all alone 
con/ruct+ deadfalls & sn>es or on !     
r\nds to see :at success has be5 y\rs4  
,i h (t5 visit$ traps ( old trapp]s1 :]e
 f two to five c>casses 7 hang+ f a     
ne>by sapl+4  ,!re are sev]al in/ances  
on record :]e two animals h be5 caught 9
 "o deadfall at ! same "t4 ,a well-kn[n 
trapp] ( ,ohio claims to h caught ?ree  
skunk 9 "o deadfall at "o "t a few ye>s 
s9ce4 ,:e!r su* is an actual fact or n  
we are unable to say4 ,! cases on record
 :]e two animals h be5 caught are s well
 sub/antiat$ t !re is little room left  
to d\bt ! tru? ( same4  ,! cat*+ ( two  

animals at ! same "t is n su* an        
extraord9>y occurr5ce z _m1 at fir/1    
?9k4 ,if two animals %\ld come along at 
! same "t &1 smell+ ! bait1 beg9 a meal1
 ! result is easily se54  ,:ile trapp+ )
 deadfalls is a humane way ( cat*+      
fur-be>+ animals1 ano!r ?+ 9 _! favor is
 t skunk are usually kill$ )\t p]fum+   
!mselves1 trap & trapp] z well4 ,!n1    
aga91 if once caught1 !re is no gett+   
away4  ,trapp]s 9 ! =e/ always h !      
necess>y tools1 axe or heavy hat*et &   
knife1 ) :i* to build a deadfall1 :ile  
_! /eel traps may all be exhau/$ & none 
set )9 miles4 ,a deadfall is built &    
p]haps on ! trapp]'s return an animal is
 ly+ dead betwe5 ! poles4    99 99 99   
,dur+ extreme cold wea!r !re is b little
 use to look at traps set = skunk1      
raccoon1 etc41 z !y d n travel4 ,be=e a 
?aw or w>m spell ! entire l9e %\ld be   
gone ov] & all old bait remov$ & replac$
 ) fre% bait4  ,l _m ano!r trapp] y w   
visit y\r traps "t aft] "t )\t cat*+ mu*
 if any fur1 yet if y\r traps are       

prop]ly con/ruct$ & are spread ov] a    
l>ge area1 y w cat* consid]able fur dur+
 ! season4  ,deadfalls & sn>es c be     
/rung out = miles & :ile !y %\ld be     
look$ at e o!r day1 9 good trapp+ wea!r1
 !y c be neglect$1 if ! trapp] _c get   
ar\nd m ?an twice a week1 )\t game      
escap+4 ,if y visit y\r traps frequ5tly 
!re w be no loss f injury to fur4 ,:ile 
x is true1 %\ld a small animal be caught
 9 a heavy trap1 "o built = mu* l>g]    
game1 x w be consid]ably flatt5$ out1   
yet ! sk9 or fur is n damag$4 ,!re is   
no?+ to damage y\r cat*1 9 mo/ sections1
 unless y d n visit y\r traps (t5 en\gh 
9 w>m wea!r1 :5 !y may be fa9tly ta9t$4 
,mo/ trapp+ is done1 h[ev]1 9 cool      
wea!r1 b occasionally !re may come a w>m
 spell :5 sk9s become ta9t$4 ,if f\nd 9 
su* condition sk9 z soon z possible &   
place ^u bo>ds or /ret*]s4  ,ano!r ?+   
greatly to ! advantage ( ! deadfall &   
sn>e trapp] is ! fact t a trapp] nev]   
kn[s j :5 he w be able to visit 8 traps 
aga92 ! unexpect$ (t5 happ5s1 & %\ld x  

be a day or s long] ?an expect$ !       
deadfall or sn>e /ill securely holds !  
game4  ,z all exp]i5c$ trapp]s "k1 !    
fir/ night ( a cold spell is a spl5did  
"o = animals to travel 7!y seem =ew>n$  
ab\t ! wea!r7 & a good cat* is ! result4
 ,if ! trapp] is a wea!r prophet 8 traps
 are all fre%ly bait$ & 9 ord]1 = ?is is
 ! "t t game is on ! move--(t5 look+ up 
new & w>m d5s & g5]ally hungry4 ,%\ld ! 
next days be cold & /ormy ! trapp] %\ld 
get ov] ! l9e z promptly z possible4    
,aft] once gett+ ov] ! l9e aft] ! cold  
spell1 x is n s important t traps be    
look$ at = "s days aga94  ,! successful 
trapp] w always be on ! wat* ( ! wea!r4 
,"s animals1 x is true1 travel dur+ !   
colde/ wea!r1 b !re are _m t d n1 s t ! 
trapp] :o sees t 8 deadfalls are fre%ly 
bait$ :5 ! signs po9t to w>m] wea!r4    
,aft] days & nights ( sev]e wea!r mo/   
animals are hungry & :5 ! wea!r mod]ates
 !y are on ! move4    99 99 99  ,i h m  
?an "o hundr$ deadfalls & cat* l>ge     
numb]s ( skunk1 writes a ,connecticut   

trapp]4 ,a few ye>s ago a trapp] )9 two 
miles ( "h caught m ?an #fj coon 9      
deadfalls4 ,s9ce !n coon h be5 r sc>ce1 
b ,i am go+ to try !m ?is com+ fall4 ,i 
pref] r$ squirrel = skunk bait to any?+ 
else1 & extract ( val]ian = sc5t4 ,try  
x1 trapp]--x c't be beat4 ,i h us$ x =  
tw5ty ye>s & c cat* my %>e e "t4    99  
99 99  ,! trapp] t makes ! l>ge/ cat*es 
usually is ! "o t has deadfalls & sn>es 
9 addition to /eel traps4 ,rec5tly two  
trapp]s wrote ( _! season's cat* & add$ 
t a good proportion 0 caught 9 deadfalls
 & sn>es4 ,^! trapp]s 7 locat$ 9 ,we/]n 
,canada2 m>t5 #ed1 lynx #ab1 m9k #ai1   
erm9e #ga1 wild cat #aa1 foxes #ah4     
,:ile ^! trapp]s did n say1 x is presum$
 t ! foxes 7 caught 9 sn>es or /eel     
traps1 = x is seldom t "o is caught 9 a 
deadfall4 ,9 ,canada & ! ,new ,engl&    
,/ates1 :]e foxes are pl5tiful1 ! sn>e  
is us$ to a consid]able ext5t4  ,skunk1 
m9k1 erm9e1 weasel & opossum are easily 
caught 9 deadfalls4 ,"o trapp] 9 a s\!rn
 /ate is said to h caught #id m9k1      

besides #ch coon & #eg opossum1 9 #bh   
deadfalls1 f ,novemb] #be? to ,febru>y  
#be?1 or ?ree mon?s4    ,,*apt] ,,xxiv4 
,,g5]al ,,in=mation4  ,e>ly 9 ,septemb]1
 #aijf1 ! editor sp5t a c\ple ( days at 
8 home 9 ,s\!rn ,ohio1 :]e 9 ! '#hj's   
along & ne> a small /ream kn[n z ,kyg]  
,creek1 consid]able trapp+ 0 done4  ,if 
read]s are curi\s & h a good1 l>ge map (
 ,ohio1 & look at ! s\!rn bord]1 "s     
fifty miles above ! m\? ( ! ,scioto     
riv]1 on a direct l9e or ab\t d\ble t by
 foll[+ ! w9d+ ( ! riv]1 !y w f9d ,kyg] 
,creek4 ,! /ream is ab\t t5 miles long &
 empties into ! ,ohio riv] bel[ !       
village ( ,*e%ire4 ,! c\ntry is r r\gh &
 rocky1 b ! timb] has ma9ly disappe>$4  
,a qu>t] ( a c5tury ago1 opossum1       
muskrat1 skunk1 & fox 7 m num]\s ?an n[4
 ,m9k at t "t 7 few1 b 9 ! e>ly '#hj's  
!y seem$ to become fairly pl5tiful all  
at once4 ,! high price has caus$        
consid]able trapp+1 & _! numb] has      
decreas$ ( rec5t ye>s4  ,9 trapp+ we    
f\nd deadfalls1 prop]ly made1 set &     

bait$ to be an excell5t trap = m9k1     
skunk & opossum4 ,z !re 7 few coon :]e  
we 7 trapp+1 b few 7 caught1 yet an old 
trapp] ne>by caught sev]al 9 bo?        
deadfalls & /eel traps ea* season4  ,!re
 is no d\bt b t a trapp] :o expects to  
rema9 mon?s at ! same place %\ld h a few
 deadfalls4 ,^! traps1 l /eel traps1 to 
make cat*es1 d n dep5d ^u numb]s s mu* z
 correct & c>eful con/ruction & sett+4  
,a half doz5 deadfalls locat$ at ! "r   
places1 c>efully built & prop]ly set1   
are wor? probably z mu* z fifty         
c>elessly con/ruct$ & locat$ at         
haphaz>d4  ,"s object to deadfalls      
because fox are seldom caught 9 !m4 ,x  
is true t few fox are tak5 9 deadfalls1 
al?\gh 9 ! f> ,nor? "s are1 & especially
 ,arctic & ,:ite fox4  ,! deadfall      
trapp]1 h[ev]1 :o gives c>e & att5tion  
to 8 traps f9ds !m fur tak]s4 ,!y c be  
built small = weasel or a little l>g] = 
m9k1 m>t5 & civet cat2 or l>g] = opossum
 & skunk2 /ill heavi] = coon & wild cat 
& ev5 to a size t kills be>4  ,"s       

trapp]s f9d ! m9k h>d to cat*4 ,at "s   
seasons !y are easy to take 9 deadfalls4
 ,long 9 ! '#hj's 9 five w9t]s eight m9k
 7 caught 9 "o deadfall4 ,! fir/ w9t] "o
 0 caught2 second1 two2 ?ird1 ?ree2 f\r?
 & fif?1 ea* "o4  ,if our memory s]ves u
 "r1 ! trap 0 fir/ built 9 ! fall (     
#ahhg1 & 0 locat$ on ! bank ab\t t5 feet
 to ! left ( a sycamore1 :i* at t "t 0  
/&+4 ,!re 0 a d5 "u ! tree ent]+ ne> !  
wat]1 ) an outlet on ! bank only a few  
feet f ! trap1 & ne> :]e ! p5 & bait 7  
locat$4  ,?is deadfall 0 built mu* l !  
illu/ration %[n "h4 ,:ile ! fall 0 (    
hickory1 n a ve/ige rema9$ :5 look+ at !
 place 9 ,septemb]1 #aijf4  ,! p5 %\ld  
be built /rong & tight s t ! animal w n 
te> x to pieces & get at ! bait f ! re>4
 ,! fall or top pole c be ( any k9d (   
wood1 b hickory1 oak1 bee*1 maple1 & o!r
 heavy wood are all good4 ,! pole %\ld  
be heavy en\gh to kill ! animal )\t     
plac+ any weights on x4 ,:5 build+ x is 
a good idea to let ! top pole ext5d ab\t
 a c\ple ( feet beyond ! p54 ,?is w give

 m weight on ! animal :5 ! trap falls4  
,illu/ration3 ,a ,,good ,,cat*]4  ,! two
 piece trigg]s may "w h>d1 especially if
 ! log us$ = ! fall has r\gh b>k on4 ,9 
?is case x might be well to smoo? ) y\r 
axe or hat*et4 ,9 sett+ ) ! two piece   
trigg] make !m out ( z h>d wood z c be  
f\nd4 ,! long piece c be slightly       
flatt5$ on ! "u side1 or ! side on :i* !
 upp] end ( ! upright or prop sets4 ,!  
prop %\ld be cut squ>e on ! l[] end :ile
 ! upp] end might be a little r\nd+1 z  
?is w t5d to make ! top or bait trigg]  
slip (f easi]4  ,9 sett+ raise up ! top 
pole & hold 9 position ) ! knee4 ,?is   
gives bo? h&s free to adju/ ! trigg]s4  
,:5 y ?9k y h !m "r1 gradually let !    
weight (f y\r knee & !n try ! trigg]4 ,y
 w soon le>n ab\t h[ !y are to be set4  
,! bait %\ld be ti$ on or ! bait trigg] 
may h a prong on to hold ! bait4 ,if y  
f9d ! bait gone & ! trap /ill up !      
*ances are t x 0 set too h>d & ! animal 
/ole ! bait4  ,( late ye>s 9 "s         
sections1 mice h be5 v tr\blesome1 eat+ 

! bait4 ,9 o!r places birds are bait    
/eal]s1 & = ?is reason x is be/ to set  
traps r h>d to ?r[4  ,! location ( a    
deadfall has mu* to d ) ! cat*4 ,old    
trapp]s "k if !y 7 to set a /eel trap 9 
a place n frequ5t$ by fur be>]s t _!    
cat* w\ld be next to no?+4 ,! same      
applies to all sets1 :e!r /eel traps1   
sn>es or deadfalls4  ,9 ! illu/ration x 
w be notic$ t ! op5+ or ! side :i* !    
animal ent]s = bait is fac+ ! creek4 ,:5
 build+ ^! traps x w be f\nd be/ to     
leave ! op5 side t[>d ! wat] if trapp+ =
 m9k or coon1 z !y g5]ally leave ! edge 
( ! wat] go+ directly to d5s along & ne>
 ! bank4  ,! "u log 9 ! deadfall %[n    
does n ext5d b a few in*es beyond ! two 
end /akes4 ,x %\ld ext5d eight or t5    
in*es beyond4 ,! f\r /akes at p5 mu/ be 
( suffici5t l5g? t :5 ! trap is set !y  
ext5d above ! top or fall pole4 ,if !y  
did n1 ! trap 9 fall+1 might cat* on !  
end ( "o ( ! /akes & n g d[n4  ,along   
/reams ^! traps ne$ n be close4 ,a c\ple
 to ! mile is pl5ty4 ,( c\rse1 if !re   

are places :]e d5s are num]\s m c be    
built to advantage1 :ile along o!r      
/ret*es ( wat] x may be useless to build
 !m at all4 ,x all dep5ds ^u :e!r       
animals travel !re4 ,y _c cat* !m 9 any 
k9d ( trap if !y are n !re4  ,= opossum1
 skunk1 m9k1 civet cat1 coon1 erm9e1    
etc41 f9d :]e ! animals live or :]e !y g
 frequ5tly se>*+ = food4 ,if build+ :]e 
!re are d5s1 ei!r locate )9 a few feet (
 ! "o t appe>s be/ or j (f ! pa? t !    
animal takes 9 go+ f "o to ! o!r4 ,h !  
op5 "p next to pa? & say only ?ree feet 
(f4  ,m>t5 trapp]s1 :ile plac+ traps on 
high gr\nd1 d n pay s mu* att5tion to   
d5s & pa?s1 = ^! animals sp5d mu* "t 9  
trees look+ = squirrels1 birds1 etc41 b 
g ?r\gh ! =e/ spott+ a l9e & locate a   
deadfall 9 likely gr\nd ab\t e #bjj     
y>ds1 or ab\t #h to ! mile4    ,,*apt]  
,,xxv4  ,,sk9n+ ,,& ,,/ret*+4  ,mu*     
importance %\ld be atta*$ to ! sk9n+ &  
/ret*+ ( all k9ds ( sk9s s z to comm& ! 
highe/ comm]cial value4 ,! fi%]1 ott]1  
foxes1 lynx1 m>t51 m9k1 erm9e1 civet1   

cats & skunk %\ld be cas$1 t is1 tak5 (f
 :ole4  ,comm5ce ) ! knife 9 ! c5t] ( "o
 h9d foot & slit up ! inside ( ! leg1 up
 to & ar\nd ! v5t & d[n ! o!r leg 9 a l 
mann]4 ,cut ar\nd ! v5t1 tak+ c>e n to  
cut ! lumps or gl&s 9 :i* ! musk ( c]ta9
 animals is secret$1 !n /rip ! sk9 f !  
bone ( ! tail ) ! aid ( a split /ick    
gripp$ firmly 9 ! h& :ile ! ?umb ( ! o!r
 h& presses aga9/ ! animals back j      
above4 ,make no o!r slits 9 ! sk9 except
 9 ! case ( ! skunk & ott]1 ^: tails    
require to be split1 spread1 & tack$ on 
a bo>d4  ,turn ! sk9 back ov] ! body1   
leav+ ! pelt side out & ! fur side      
inw>d1 & by cutt+ a few ligam5ts1 x w   
peel (f v readily4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 to 
cut closely ar\nd ! nose1 e>s & lips1 s 
z n to te> ! sk94 ,h a bo>d made ab\t ! 
size & %ape ( ! ?ree-bo>d /ret*]1 only n
 split 9 halves4 ,?is bo>d is to put !  
sk9 ov] 9 ord] to hold x bett] :ile     
remov+ p>ticles ( fat & fle% :i* adh]es 
to x :ile sk9n+1 :i* c be done ) a      
blunt-edg$ knife1 by scrap+ ! sk9 f !   

tail d[n t[>d ! nose--! direction 9 :i* 
! hair roots gr[--nev] scrape up ! o!r  
way or y w injure ! fib] ( ! sk91 & c>e 
%\ld be tak5 n to scrape too h>d1 = if !
 sk9 fib] is injur$ its value is        
decreas$4    ,illu/ration3 ,,s+le ,,&   
,,?ree ,,bo>d ,,/ret*]4  ,n[1 hav+ be5  
?or\ghly fle%$1 z ! above process is    
call$1 ! sk9 is ready = /ret*+1 :i* is  
done by ins]t+ ! two halves ( !         
?ree-bo>d /ret*] & draw+ ! sk9 ov] !    
bo>ds to its fulle/ ext5t1 ) ! back on  
"o side & ! belly on ! o!r1 & tack+ x   
fa/ by driv+ 9 a small nail an in* or s 
f ea* side ( ! tail ne> ! edges ( ! sk92
 also1 9 l mann] ! o!r side4 ,n[ ins]t !
 w$ge & drive x betwe5 ! halves almo/   
its entire l5g?4 ,c>e %\ld be tak51     
h[ev]1 to n /ret* ! sk9 s mu* z to make 
! fur appe> ?9 & ?us injure its value4  
,n[ put a nail 9 ! root ( ! tail & fa/5 
x to ! w$ge2 also1 draw up all slack    
p>ts & fa/54 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 to h bo? 
sides ( ! sk9 ( equal l5g?1 :i* c be    
done by lapp+ ! leg flipp]s ov] ea* o!r4

 ,n[ draw up ! "u lip & fa/51 & pull !  
nose d[n until x meets ! lip & tack x   
fa/1 & !n ! sk9 is ready to hang away to
 cure4  ,d n dry sk9s at a fire or 9 !  
sun1 or 9 smoke4 ,x (t5 burns !m :5 !y w
 n dress & are ( no value4 ,dry 9 a     
well-cov]$ %$ or t5t :]e !re is a free  
circulation ( air1 & nev] use any       
prep>ation1 su* z alum & salt1 z x only 
injures !m = m>ket4 ,nev] /ret* ! noses 
out long1 z "s trapp]s are incl9$ to d1 
b treat !m z above describ$1 & !y w     
comm& bett] values4 ,fur buy]s are      
incl9$ to class long-nos$ sk9s z s\!rn &
 pay a small price = !m1 z ,s\!rn sk9s  
are mu* light] 9 fur ?an ^? ( ! ,nor?4  
,! badg]1 beav]1 be>1 raccoon & wolf mu/
 always be sk9n$ op52 t is1 ripp$ up !  
belly f v5t to *9 aft] ! foll[+ mann]3  
,cut across ! h9d legs z if to be cas$ &
 !n rip up ! belly4 ,! sk9 c !n be      
remov$ by flay+ z 9 sk9n+ a beef4    99 
99 99  ,ano!r exp]i5c$ trapp] says3 ,!  
animals :i* %\ld be sk9n$ op5 are be>1  
beav]1 raccoon1 badg]1 timb] wolf &     

wolv]9es4 ,! way to d ?is is to rip !   
sk9 op5 f ! po9t ( ! l[] jaw1 9 a       
/raight l9e1 to ! v5t4 ,!n rip x op5 on 
! back ( ! h9d legs1 & ! inside ( !     
front legs1 & peel ! sk9 c>efully (f !  
body4 ,beav]1 h[ev]1 %\ld n h ! front   
legs split op5 & ! tail1 hav+ no fur1 is
 ( c\rse cut (f4 ,if ! sk9 is a f9e "o1 
& especially 9 ! case ( be>1 ! feet %\ld
 n be cut (f1 b %\ld be sk9n$1 leav+ !  
claws on4 ,i w\ld also advise sav+ !    
skull1 & ! prop] way to clean x is to   
scrape ! fle% (f ) a knife4 ,:5 ! animal
 is sk9n$1 roll ! sk9 up ) ! fur side   
out & put x 9 y\r pack4  ,see t !re are 
no burrs or lumps ( mud 9 ! fur1 be=e y 
d any fle%+4 ,my way ( fle%+ furs--!re  
may be bett] ways--is to draw ! sk9 ov] 
a smoo? bo>d1 made = ! purpose & scrap+1
 or peel+1 ) a blunt edg$ knife4        
,comm5ce at ! tail1 & scrape t[>ds !    
head1 o!rwise y may injure ! fibre ( !  
hide4 ,ov] ! back & %\ld]s ( mo/ animals
 is a ?9 lay] ( fle%4 ,?is %\ld be      
remov$1 & :5 done1 !re %\ld be no?+     

rema9+ b ! sk9 & fur4 ,raccoon & muskrat
 are easily fle%$ by p9*+ ! fle% betwe5 
! edge ( ! knife & ! ?umb4  ,= /ret*+   
bo>ds1 ,i pref] a ?ree bo>d /ret*]1 b a 
pla9 bo>d w answ]4 ,= muskrats1 use a   
s+le bo>d4 ,op5 sk9s are be/ /ret*$ 9   
frames or hoops1 b x is all "r to /ret* 
!m on ! wall on ! inside ( a build+4 ,! 
bo>ds %[n 9 ! cut are1 to my notion1 !  
prop] %apes1 & ,i w\ld advise mak+ a    
good supply ( !m be=e ! season comm5ces4
    ,illu/ration3 ,,"s ,,/ret*+         
,,patt]ns4  ,to use ^! ?ree bo>d        
/ret*]s1 ins]t ! two halves ( ! bo>d 9 !
 sk91 draw ! sk9 d[n & fa/5 ! h9d legs1 
) tacks1 to ! edges ( ! bo>ds4 ,?is     
/ret*es ! hide long4 ,!n ins]t ! w$ge   
betwe5 ! two bo>ds1 :i* w /ret* ! sk9   
out to its fulle/ ext5t1 & give x !     
prop] %ape4 ,f9i% by fa/5+ ) tacks1     
pull+ ! nose ov] ! po9t ( ! bo>d1 &     
draw+ ! sk9 ( ! l[] jaw up aga9/ ! nose4
 ,hang ! furs 9 a cool1 dry place & z   
soon z !y are dry1 remove !m f ! bo>ds4 
,fox sk9s %\ld be turn$ ) ! fur side    

out1 aft] remov+ f ! bo>d4  ,9 us+ !    
hoop /ret*]1 ! hide is lac$ inside !    
hoop1 ) tw9e1 ! sk9 ( ! coon be+ /ret*$ 
squ>e & ! beav] r\nd4 ,all o!r furs %\ld
 be /ret*$ s z n to draw !m out ( _!    
natural %ape4 ,if ! wea!r is w>m & !    
furs are likely to ta9t1 salt !m4 ,a    
salt$ sk9 is bett] ?an a ta9t$ "o4 ,put 
salt 9 ! tail1 & pun* a hole 9 ! end ( !
 tail1 ) a po9t$ wire1 to let ! wat]    
dra9 out1 or split ! tail up ab\t       
"o-half in* f tip4  ,! sk9 ( ! be> is1  
p]haps1 m likely to spoil ?an any o!r1 &
 ! e>s especially1 are likely to ta9t & 
slip ! fur4 ,to prev5t ?is1 slit ! e>s  
op5 on ! inside1 sk9 !n back almo/ to ! 
edge & fill !m ) salt1 also salt ! base 
( ! e>s1 on ! fle% side ( ! hide4    99 
99 99    ,illu/ration3 ,,dakota         
,,trapp]s' ,,me?od4  ,9 /ret*+1 says a  
,nor? ,dakota trapp]1 we use a "o bo>d  
/ret*] z foll[s3 ,put on ! fur aft] y h 
fle%$ x1 ! f\r feet on "o side & ! tail 
on ! o!r4 ,tack d[n ! h9d feet & ! tail1
 !n take a piece ( bo>d ab\t #a x #a_/d 

in*es 7?is w\ld be ab\t ! correct size =
 a m9k7 r\nd$ (f except on "o side4 ,put
 x bel[ ! fur on ! side :]e ! feet are1 
tie ! front feet4 ,:5 y are go+ to take 
(f ! fur1 pull out ! small bo>d & ! fur 
w come (f easy4    ,illu/ration3 ,,hold]
 ,,= ,,sk9n+4  ,a contrivance :i* ,i h  
f\nd useful 9 sk9n+ is made ( a piece ( 
/iff wire #ah in*es long4 ,b5d ?is at ! 
middle until x has ! %ape ( ,v ) ! ends 
ab\t #h in*es ap>t4 ,b5d up an in* at   
ea* end to =m a hook & :5 sk9n+1 aft]   
cutt+ ar\nd ! h9d feet1 hook into ! l>ge
 t5dons1 hang on a nail or ov] limb1    
etc41 & g ahead ) bo? h&s4 ,! wire mu/  
be ne>ly z l>ge z a slate p5cil & w "w  
all "r f foxes d[n to m9k4 ,trapp]s w   
f9d ?is a great help 9 sk9n+ animals    
aft] !y h become cold4 ,"y trapp]s %\ld 
use ?is simple device z !y w be less    
liable to cut holes 9 ! sk94 ,x pays to 
be c>eful 9 sk9n+ animals prop]ly z well
 z to /ret* !m correctly1 = bo? add to  
_! m>ket value4  ,h[ _m trapp]s save !  
skulls ( _! l>g] game8 ,all ! skulls (  

be>1 puma or m\nta9 lion1 wolves1 foxes 
& sometimes ^? ( lynx & wild cat are (  
ready sale if !y conta9 good sets (     
tee?4 ,sev]al p>ties buy ^! skulls =    
ca%4  ,to prep>e !m ! bulk ( ! fle% %\ld
 be remov$ & ! bra9 & eyes also4        
,probably ! easie/ way to accompli% ?is 
is to boil ! skull ) fle% on 9 an old   
pot until ! meat beg9s to get t5d]4 ,!n1
 :ile hot1 x may easily be cut away1 &  
by enl>g+ ! hole at ! back ( ! skull !  
bra9 may be scoop$ out4 ,!y %\ld be     
wat*$ c>efully z if boil$ too long !    
tee? drop out1 bones sep>ate & r5d] !   
skull wor?less4 ,x is safe1 b m t$i\s to
 clean !m ) a %>p knife )\t boil+4  ,!  
deal]s pay f #ej c5ts = a be> skull to  
#ae c5ts = a fox1 ?o taxid]mi/s &       
furri]s (t5 pay mu* m4 ,! ,briti%       
,columbia ,gov]nm5t pays b\nties ^u !   
skulls1 only ,i ?9k ?is is a good idea z
 ! sk9s are n mutilat$ & depreciat$ by  
scalp+1 pun*+ or cutt+ z usual4 ,save a 
few good skulls & add doll>s to ! value 
( y\r cat*4    99 99 99  ,take two      

pieces ( ,no4 #i f5ce wire ab\t #cj     
in*es long1 writes an ,ohio coon hunt] &
 trapp]1 file "o end %>p1 !n comm5ce at 
ea* h9d foot & pun* ! wire ?ru close to 
! edge z 9 sew+1 tak+ /it*es an in* or s
 long until y get to ! front foot1 !n   
pull ! hide along ! wire j f> en\gh s ! 
top & bottom w /ret* out to make x      
squ>e1 or a few in*es long] ?an ! wid?  
is bett]4    ,illu/ration3 ,,wire ,,coon
 ,,me?od4  ,put #c or #d nails 9 ea*    
side1 !n comm5ce at ! top & tack all b !
 head1 !n pull ! bottom d[n ev5 ) !     
sides1 n tack+ ! head1 :i* lets x draw  
d[n into ! hide1 !n tack ! head4 ,?is is
 an easy & good way to h&le coon sk9s   
mak+ !m ne>ly squ>e :5 /ret*$4  ,_m     
inexp]i5c$ trapp]s /ret* coon sk9s too  
long & draw out ! head & neck4 ,?is c be
 avoid$ by foll[+ in/ructions giv5 "h4  
,coon c be cas$ b mo/ deal]s pref] to h 
!m /ret*$ op54    99 99 99  ,get a lot (
 /eel wire1 says a ,miss\ri trapp] :o   
uses old umbrella wires1 ! r\nd solid   
ones4 ,%>p5 "o end1 take y\r coon sk9 & 

run "o wire up ea* side & "o across ea* 
end4  ,9 putt+ ^! wires 9 d x l ! old   
woman knits1 t is1 wrap ! hide ar\nd !  
wire & /ick x ?ru ab\t e in*4 ,n[ cut   
six small twigs1 make !m ! prop] l5g? & 
not* ! ends1 & y w soon h y\r hide      
/ret*$ exp]t trapp] /yle4               
,illu/ration3 ,,wire ,,& ,,twig ,,coon  
,,me?od4  ,! advantage ( ?is is y c c>ry
 /ret*]s en\gh = tw5ty-five sk9s 9 "o h&
 & don't h to hunt up a b>n door & box (
 tacks & hamm] e "t y want to /ret* "o4 
,y c /ret* 9 "o-f\r? ! "t x w\ld take to
 tack up on a bo>d1 & y w h x 9 fir/    
class /yle ! fir/ "t & n h to pull out a
 tack "h & /ret* a little m !re4    99  
99 99  ,i h always us$ ! :ole bo>d 7n   
split into two pieces & w$g$ %ape piece 
z "s d71 writes a ,massa*usetts trapp]1 
& made z foll[s3  ,= m9k ,i use a #c_/h 
in* bo>d ab\t #dj in*es 9 l5g?1 #d in*es
 wide at ! l>ge end1 tap]+ to ab\t #b   
#a_/b in*es at ! small end ) ! edges    
plan$ d[n f ne> ! middle ( ! bo>d to !  
edge1 leav+ a ?9 edge & s&pap]$ d[n     

smoo?4 ,i make ! bo>d ( ?is l5g? = !    
reason t x sometimes happ5s t a m9k may 
h laid 9 a trap = sev]al days be=e be+  
tak5 out1 & if "u wat] x is n always    
easy to det]m9e ! exact l5g? ( "t x has 
be5 9 ! trap1 & !re may be a possibility
 t if put on ! bo>d to dry t hav+ laid s
 long x w ta9t be=e x w get ?or\ghly    
dry4 ,i h se5 !m 9 a case ( ?is k9d :]e 
sev]al & p]haps ne>ly all ! hairs on !  
end ( ! tail w\ld %$ or pull out !reby  
damag+ ! sk9 to a great] or less ext5t4 
,n[ :5 ,i get a m9k 9 ?is condition aft]
 pull+ on ! bo>d & tack+ all ar\nd1 ,i  
split ! tail op5 aft] :i* ,i lay x op5 &
 tack all ar\nd ! same way y w\ld ) an  
ott] sk94 ,by employ+ ?is means y w (t5 
save ! loss ( ! tail by ?us ta9t+ & a   
correspond+ loss on ! value ( ! sk94 ,! 
value ( ! m9k sk9 is 9 no way damag$ by 
?is process4 ,"s deal]s pref] to h all !
 sk9s !y buy cur$ 9 ?is mann]4  ,=      
/ret*+ ! muskrat sk9 ,i also use a bo>d 
( ! same ?ickness z = m9k1 ab\t #bj     
in*es 9 l5g?1 #f #a_/b or #g in*es at ! 

l>ge end ) a slightly r\nd+ tap] to a   
wid? ( ab\t #c in*es at small end1 !    
sides plan$ d[n to a ?9 edge ! same z = 
! m9k bo>ds2 9 fact1 ,i pref] ! same    
mann] ( /ret*+ all cas$ sk9s1 us+ c>e n 
to h ! bo>ds s wide z to /ret* ! sk9s to
 a wid? mu* exce$+ ! natural wid? be=e x
 0 plac$ ov] ! bo>d1 b giv+ !m all !    
/ra9 !y w /& ) reason1 l5g?wise4 ,if    
/ret*$ too wide x t5ds to make ! fur    
?9n] & less5s ! value ( x4  ,i usually  
pull ! sk9s1 especially muskrats1 onto !
 bo>ds f> en\gh s t ! small] end w ext5d
 ?r\gh ! m\? ( ! sk9 = p]haps #a_/b in*1
 & :5 ! sk9s are suffici5tly dry to     
remove1 all t is requir$ is to take hold
 ( !m ) a h& on ei!r edge ( ! sk9 & give
 x a %>p tap on ! small end1 :5 ! sk9 w 
come (f at once4 ,by /ret*+ ! sk9s on ! 
bo>ds ) ! back on "o side1 belly on !   
opposite side1 !y come (f ! bo>ds look+ 
smoo? & uni=m 9 wid?1 & comm& a great   
deal bett] price ?an if ?r[n on 9 a     
haphaz>d way on a %+le or an in* bo>d   
badly %ap$1 z a great _m beg9n]s d4 ,i h

 se5 "s %ameful "w done 9 ?is respect4  
,x is always necess>y to remove all     
surplus grease & fat :i* c readily be   
done imm$iately aft] ! sk9 is /ret*$1   
o!rwise !y w heat1 sweat & mold to a    
c]ta9 ext5t aft] !y are remov$ f !      
bo>ds1 :i* injures bo? ! appe>ance &    
sale ( !m4 ,x is well to look aft] all  
^! little details4 ,^! descriptions are 
giv5 ) ! desire to help "s ( ! beg9n]s4 
,if !y w />t 9 by us+ a little c>e 9    
/ret*+ & hav+ pride 9 _! "w !y w f9d !  
bus9ess bo? m pleasant & pr(itable4     
99 99 99  ,if conv5i5t :5 go+ into camp1
 writes an old successful trapp] :o has 
pursu$ ! fur be>]s 9 _m /ates1 y %\ld   
take sev]al /ret*+ bo>ds = y\r diff]5t  
k9ds ( fur ) y4 ,if n1 y c g5]ally f9d a
 tree t w split good & y c split "s out4
 ,x is usually h>d to f9d wid?s t are   
long & /raight en\gh to b5d s z to =m a 
good %ap$ /ret*]4 ,y %\ld always aim to 
/ret* & cure furs y cat* 9 ! be/ mann]4 
,9 sk9n+ y %\ld rip ! animal /raight f  
"o heel across to ! o!r & close to !    

roots ( ! tail on ! "u side4 ,"w ! sk9  
loose ar\nd ! bone at ! base until y c  
grasp ! bone ( ! tail ) ! fir/ two f+]s 
( ! "r h& :ile y place ! bone betwe5 !  
fir/ two f+]s ( ! left h&4 ,!n1 by pull+
 y w draw ! entire bone f ! tail :i* y  
%\ld always d4  ,sometimes :5 ! animal  
has be5 dead = "s "t ! bone w n readily 
draw f ! tail4 ,9 ?is case cut a /ick ! 
size ( y\r f+] ab\t eight in*es long4   
,cut x away 9 ! c5t] until x w readily  
b5d s t ! two ends w come toge!r4 ,!n   
cut a not* 9 ea* "p ( /ick j l>ge en\gh 
to let ! bone ( ! tail 9 & squeeze x    
out4 ,x is necess>y to :ittle "o side ( 
! /ick at ! not* s z to =m a squ>e      
%\ld]4  ,y %\ld h ab\t ?ree sizes (     
/ret*+ bo>ds = m9k & fox4 ,= m9k !y %\ld
 be f #d #a_/b in*es d[n to #c in*es & =
 fox f #f #a_/d in*es d[n to #e in*es   
wide1 & 9 l5g? ! fox bo>ds may be f\r   
feet long1 & ! m9k bo>ds ?ree feet long4
  ,! bo>ds %\ld tap] slightly d[n to )9 
#h in*es ( ! end = fox1 & !n r\nd$ up to
 a r\nd po9t4 ,! m9k bo>ds %\ld be r\nd$

 at #d or #e in*es f ?is po9t4 ,y w v>y 
! %ape ( ! bo>d 9 proportion to ! wid?4 
,/ret*+ bo>ds %\ld n be m ?an #c_/h in* 
?ick4 ,a belly /rip ! l5g? or ne>ly !   
l5g? ( ! bo>ds #a #a_/d in*es at ! wide 
end1 tap]+ to a po9t at ! o!r end & ab\t
 #a_/d to #c_/h in* ?ick4 ,h ! bo>ds    
smoo? & ev5 on ! edges4 ,o!r /ret*+     
bo>ds %\ld be made 9 proportion to !    
size & %ape ( ! animal ^: sk9 is to be  
/ret*$4  ,y %\ld n fail to remove all ! 
fat & fle% f ! sk9 imm$iately aft] ! sk9
 is on ! bo>d4 ,if a sk9 is wet :5 tak5 
f ! animal x %\ld be drawn lightly on a 
bo>d until ! fur is q dry4 ,!n turn !   
sk9 fle% side out & /ret*4    99 99 99  
,beg9n+ at ! left1 dim5sions & sk9s     
/ret*$ on ! v>i\s bo>ds are giv53  ,no4 
#a4 ,m9k bo>d1 l5g? #bh in*es & #d wide4
  ,no4 #b4 ,m9k bo>d1 l5g? #bh in*es &  
#c #a_/b wide4  ,no4 #c4 ,weasel bo>d   
l5g? #bj in*es & #b #a_/b wide4  ,no4   
#d4 ,muskrat bo>d1 l5g? #ba in*es & #f  
in*es wide4  ,no4 #e4 ,opossum bo>d1    
7small71 l5g? #bj in*es & #f #a_/b in*es

 wide4  ,no4 #f4 ,skunk or opossum1     
7m$ium71 l5g? #bh in*es & #g in*es wide4
  ,no4 #g4 ,skunk & opossum1 7l>ge71    
l5g? #bh in*es & #h in*es wide4         
,illu/ration3 ,,size ,,( ,,/ret*+       
,,bo>ds4  ,old & exp]i5c$ hunt]s &      
trapp]s "k ab\t ! %ape & size to make ! 
v>i\s /ret*+ bo>ds = ! fur be>]s1 b = ! 
guidance ( beg9n]s & ^? :o are c>eless  
ab\t /ret*+ pelts1 ! above description  
is especially meant4  ,trapp]s 9 ,s\!rn 
sections w no d\bt f9d ! bo>ds z        
describ$ "h too l>ge = mo/ ( _! skunk4  
,9 ! ,nor!a/ ! m9k bo>ds w also be too  
l>ge1 b = ?is section 7,ohio71 !y are   
ab\t correct4 ,! g5]al %ape ( ! bo>ds c 
be se5 f ! illu/ration4    99 99 99  ,"o
 ( ! be/ ways1 writes a ,m9nesota       
trapp]1 to take (f ! sk9 ( an animal is 
by cutt+ ! sk9 ar\nd ! h9d legs or feet1
 & !n slitt+ ! sk9 d[n inside ! h9d legs
 to ! body jo9+ ! two slits betwe5 ! h9d
 legs1 !n remove ! sk9 on ! tail by pu%+
 up ! ?umb nail1 or a ?9 flat piece (   
wood aga9/ ! bone ( ! tail & draw (f !  

sk94  ,n[ comm5ce to draw ! body ( !    
animal ?r\gh ! slit already made )\t    
enl>g+ x1 draw+ ! sk9 ov] itself1 ! fur 
side )94 ,:5 ! =efeet are rea*$1 cut !  
sk9 away f !m at ! wri/s1 & !n sk9 ov] !
 head until ! m\? is rea*$ :5 ! sk9 %\ld
 be f9ally remov$ at ! lips4  ,"o ?+ to 
be borne 9 m9d :5 /ret*+ a sk9 to dry1  
is t x mu/ be drawn tight2 ano!r1 t x   
mu/ be /ret*$ 9 a place :]e nei!r ! heat
 ( a fire or t ( ! sun w rea* x too     
/rongly1 & x %\ld n be wa%$4 ,l>ge sk9s 
may be nail$ on a wall ( a %$ or b>n4   
,! bo>d /ret*] %\ld be made ( "s ?9     
mat]ial4 ,prep>e a bo>d ( bass wood or  
"s o!r light mat]ial1 two feet ?ree     
in*es long1 ?ree in*es & a half wide at 
"o end1 & two in*es & an eigh? at ! o!r1
 & ?ree-eigh?s ( an in* ?ick4 ,*amf] x f
 ! c5t] to ! sides almo/ to an edge4    
,r\nd & *amf] ! small end ab\t an in* ^u
 ! sides4 ,split ! bo>d ?r\gh ! c5t] ) a
 knife or saw1 f9ally prep>e a w$ge ( ! 
same l5g? & ?ickness1 "o in* wide at !  
l>ge end1 & tap] to a blunt po9t4 ,?is  

is a /ret*] suitable = a m9k1 or a m>t54
  ,two l>ge sizes ) simil> proportions  
are requir$ = ! l>ge animals1 ! l>ge/   
size suitable = ! full gr[n ott] & wolf1
 %\ld be five feet & a half long1 sev5  
in*es wide at ! l>ge end :5 fully spread
 by ! w$ge1 & six in*es at ! small end4 
,an int]m$iate size is requir$ = ! fi%]1
 raccoon1 fox & "s o!r animals1 !       
proportions ( :i* c be easily figur$    
out4  ,^! /ret*]s require t ! sk9 ( !   
animal %\ld n be ripp$ ?r\gh ! belly1 b 
%\ld be /ripp$ (f :ole4 ,peel ! sk9 f ! 
body by draw+ x ov] itself1 leav+ ! fur 
inw>d4 ,9 ?is condition ! sk9 %\ld be   
drawn on to ! split bo>d 7) ! back on "o
 side & ! belly on ! o!r71 to its utmo/ 
l5g?1 & fa/5$ ) tacks1 & !n ! w$ge %\ld 
be driv5 betwe5 ! two halves4 ,f9ally1  
make all fa/ by a tack at ! root ( !    
tail1 & ano!r on ! opposite side4 ,! sk9
 is !n /ret*$ to its utmo/ capacity & x 
may be hung away to dry4    99 99 99  ,n
 alone ! skulls ( ! l>g] animals1 b !   
skulls ( any game1 ! skeleton ( any     

bird1 or fi%1 has a ready m>ket1 provid$
 su* specim5s are prop]ly clean$1 & 9   
p]fect condition4 ,h[ev]1 ! hunt] or    
trapp] mu/ be> 9 m9d ! fact t x is !    
p]fect specim5 t is 9 dem&1 & t a bruise
 on ! bone lit]ally spoils x = !        
curator4  ,if y w look c>efully at any  
skull1 y w notice t "s ( ! bones are v  
?9 & frail1 almo/ l a spid] web4 ,^! f9e
 bones mu/ be pres]v$ if !y are to be ( 
any value to ! ,comp>ative ,anatomi/1 & 
boil+ or scrap+ simply ru9s !m4 ,s mu* =
 ! explanation4 ,n[ ! me?od ( clean+1 is
 by rott+ r ?an scrap+ or boil+4 ,take !
 skull 7or :ole head7 & fix x solid 9 "s
 c or j>1 !n fill x1 or cov] ) wat] &   
put away = ?ree or f\r weeks4 ,at ! end 
( t "t1 p\r (f ! wat] & ! bulk ( ! fle% 
w g too4 ,fill 9 ) cle> wat] aga91 &    
repeat z (t5 z necess>y4 ,i h f\nd t    
twice w d ! "w1 & leave ! bone 9 good   
condition4  ,!re is a m>ket = mo/ animal
 skulls1 if n damag$1 & x may pay to    
pres]ve all4 ,9 ! ,hunt]-,trad]-,trapp]1
 publi%$ at ,columbus1 ,ohio1 usually w 

be f\nd adv]tisem5ts ( p>ties :o buy !m4
    99 99 99  ,i h nev] _h mu* luck )   
two-piece /ret*]s1 b use ?9 bo>d /ret*]s
 9 "o piece ) a sword /ick on ea* side  
to fully /ret* & admit ! air to bo?     
sides ( ! sk94 ,?is cures ! sk9 fa/] &  
bett] ?an :5 only "o side is expos$ to !
 air1 says a ,m>yl& trapp]4             
,illu/ration3 ,,pole ,,/ret*]s4  ,:5 (f 
f home1 ,i use /ret*]s made f sapl+s1 z 
bo>ds suitable are n to be _h ev]y:]e1 &
 _c be bo!r$ ) :5 go+ light4 ,to make   
^!1 cut osi]1 will[ or hickory swit*es1 
/raight & ?ick z ! f+]1 ab\t f\r feet   
long2 cut two %ort pieces = rats #d & #f
 in*es long & c>efully b5d+ ! long      
piece4 ,nail ^! 9 ) a small wire nail at
 ea* end4 ,a h&ful ( %+le or la? nails &
 a clump ( osi] spr\ts w make a full    
outfit ( /ret*]s = a tempor>y camp4     
99 99 99  ,i "k x is z mu* value 9      
/ret*+ y\r furs & prep>+ !m = m>ket z x 
is 9 trapp+1 writes a trapp]4 ,if y h no
 bo>ds1 g to y\r groc] or dry goods /ore
 & y c get all ! boxes y want = #e or   

#aj c5ts apiece4 ,!y mu/ n be ov] #c_/h 
( an in* ?ick2 if !y are1 plane !m d[n  
smoo? on bo? sides4  ,i make :at ,i call
 ! two piece /ret*] ) a w$ge = muskrats4
 ,take a bo>d #bj in*es long1 #c_/h in* 
?ick1 #f in*es wide l>ge end1 #b #a_/b  
in*es small end4 ,tap] back #e in*es f  
small end4 ,n[ take block plane & *aff] 
(f ea* side an in* or m up & r\nd x (f4 
,r\nd & *aff] small end ! same1 almo/ to
 an edge4 ,n[ draw a l9e ?ru ! c5t] ( ! 
bo>d & saw x ?ru4  ,make a w$ge ! same  
l5g? & ?ickness1 #c_/h ( an in* wide &  
tap]+ d[n to #a_/aj ( an in*4 ,if a l>ge
 sk91 pu% x 9 betwe5 ! halves4 ,bore a  
hole 9 l>ge end & hang up 9 a cool      
v5tilat$ place to dry4 ,aft] ?ree days  
pull out w$ge1 & y\r fur w slip "r (f   
)\t te>+4 ,if ! bo>ds %\ld w>p ov]1 tack
 a /rip across ! l>ge end4  ,! m9k      
/ret*]s are made on ! same plan4 ,a bo>d
 ! same ?ickness1 #cj in*es long1 #c    
#a_/b in*es wide1 tap] d[n #b #a_/h     
small end r\nd *aff]4 ,= l>ge m9k ins]t 
w$ge made "o in* wide4 ,tap] d[n to     

#b_/h4 ,= skunk & coon !y are also good1
 only !y are made on a l>g] scale4  ,n[ 
a ^w ab\t cas+4 ,pull y\r hide on s !   
back is on "o side & ! belly on ! o!r4  
,pull nose ov] small end #a_/b in*4 ,put
 two tacks on ea* side1 n[ pull d[n     
tight to l>ge end & put two tacks ea*   
side1 lay bo>d on b5* & take an old case
 knife1 scrape (f all meat & fat & be   
c>eful n to scrape too ?91 s z n to cut 
! fibre ( ! sk94 ,aft] y h scrap$ ! fle%
 (f1 ins]t ! w$ge & y\r sk9 w be tight4 
,d n /ret* y\r hide s x w make y\r fur  
look ?94    99 99 99  ,?is is my way (  
/ret*+ coon hide2 use f\r-p5ny nails &  
use ei!r ! inside or outside ( "s old   
build+1 inside is ! be/4 ,drive ! fir/  
nail ?ru nose4 ,?is holds ! hide = />t+4
 ,pull ea* =w>d leg up 7n out7 on a     
level ) nose & ab\t sev5 or eight in*es 
f nose accord+ to size ( ! coon4 ,drive 
next nail at root ( tail1 & pull d[n1   
mod]ately tight4  ,n[ pull ea* h9d leg  
out ab\t "o in* wid] ?an ! =e legs & a  
little bel[ ! tail nail4 ,n[ use a nail 

e in* & pull ! hide up betwe5 ! =w>d    
legs & nose1 until x comes /raight      
across4 ,next1 treat ! bottom ( ! hide !
 same z ! top4 ,use pl5ty ( nails4 ,to  
f9i% d[n ! sides1 drive a nail fir/ on  
"o side & !n on ! o!r until f9i%$4 ,y w 
f9d :5 done t ! hide is ne>ly squ>e ) no
 legs /ick+ out ! sides & no not*es 9 ! 
sk94    ,,*apt] ,,xxvi4  ,,h&l+ ,,&     
,,grad+4  ,,m9k %\ld be cas$ fur side 9 
& /ret*$ on bo>ds = sev]al days or until
 dry4  ,,skunk %\ld be cas$ fur side 9 &
 /ret*$ on bo>ds = sev]al days4 ,! :ite 
/ripe cut out1 black5$1 etc41 r$uces !  
value4  ,,raccoon %\ld be /ret*$ op5    
7ripp$ up ! belly7 & nail$ on bo>ds or !
 inside ( a build+4 ,"s deal]s all[ z   
mu* = coon cas$1 f any section1 :ile    
o!rs pref] t only ,s\!rn coon be cas$4  
,,foxes ( ! v>i\s k9ds %\ld be cas$ &   
put on bo>ds fur side 9 = a few days1 or
 until dry4 ,z ! pelt is ?9 !y soon dry1
 :5 !y mu/ be tak5 (f & %\ld be turn$   
fur side out4 ,9 %ipp+ see t !y are n   
pack$ aga9/ furs fle% side out4  ,,lynx 

%\ld be cas$ & aft] dry+ prop]ly are    
turn$ fur side out1 same z foxes4       
,,ott] are cas$ & /ret*$ fur side 94 ,! 
pelt be+ ?ick & heavy1 takes sev]al days
 to dry prop]ly4 ,!y are %ipp$ fle% side
 out4 ,sea ott] are h&l$ ! same z fox1  
lynx & m>t51 t is1 fur side out4        
,,beav] are split b /ret*$ r\nd & %\ld  
be left 9 ! hoop or /ret*] = sev]al     
days4  ,,be> %\ld be h&l$ op5 & /ret*$  
c>efully4 ,9 sk9n+ be c>eful & leave    
nose1 claws & e>s on ! hide4  ,,wolves c
 be h&l$ same z be>1 also wolv]9e4      
,,fi%] %\ld be cas$ & /ret*$ fle% side  
out1 b may be s5t to m>ket same z foxes 
or fur out4  ,,m>t5 %\ld be /ret*$ &    
dri$ on bo>ds1 fur side 91 b turn$ z    
soon z dri$4  ,,opossum are /ret*$ on   
bo>ds fur side 9 & are left 9 t         
condition aft] remov+ ! bo>ds4 ,cut !   
tails (f :5 sk9n+--!y h no value4       
,,muskrat %\ld be /ret*$ fur side 9 & a 
few days on ! bo>ds is suffici5t4 ,!y   
are left z tak5 (f1 t is1 fur side 94   
,cut ! tails (f :5 sk9n+--!y are        

wor?less4  ,,weasel %\ld be cas$1 fur   
side 94 ,! pelts are ?9 & soon dry4     
,leave fur side 9 aft] tak+ (f bo>ds4   
,,badg] are split & %\ld be nail$ to !  
inside ( a build+ to dry4  ,,civet ,,cat
 %\ld be cas$ & /ret*$ on bo>ds fur side
 94 ,:5 dry remove bo>ds & leave fur    
side 94  ,,r+ ,,tail ,,cats %\ld be cas$
 & aft] remov+ bo>ds are g5]ally left   
fur side 9 = m>ket4  ,,wild ,,cat are   
cas$ & /ret*$ on bo>ds4 ,!y may be turn$
 fur out or left z tak5 f ! /ret*]s1 fur
 side 94  ,,h\se ,,cat are cas$ & /ret*$
 on bo>ds fur side 94 ,!y are s5t to    
m>ket usually fur side 94  ,,rabbits are
 cas$ fur 9 &1 z ! pelt is ?91 soon dry4
 ,!y are %ipp$ fur side 94  ,,pan!r are 
treat$ mu* ! same z be>4 ,c>e %\ld be   
tak5 9 sk9n+ to leave claws1 e>s1 nose1 
etc41 on ! sk9 = m\nt+ purposes4    99  
99 99  ,my exp]i5ce has be5 t ! h\se :i*
 makes only f\r grades ( prime goods is 
! h\se t y w receive ! l>ge/ *ecks f =  
y\r collection1 writes a ,mi*igan       
collector ( #ej ye>s' exp]i5ce4 ,s _m   

grades quot$ makes x possible = a firm  
to successfully squel* y a little e "t y
 %ip & yet y c h no reasonable excuse to
 compla9 = :5 y %ip1 y "k t 9 "s h\ses  
!re is a grade = ne>ly e sk9 y s5d4 ,s  
,i1 = "o1 w\ld r risk ! few] grades4  ,a
 trapp] f ,wiscons9 says3 ,= sample1 say
 m9k are wor? f #be c5ts to #c4jj4 ,!re 
w\ld be #bge prices betwe5 ! extremes4  
,n[ if he is a fur buy] ,i c]ta9ly pity 
! trapp]s t w\ld h to take ^? #bge      
diff]5t prices = _! m9k4 ,a man %\ld be 
able to "k ! diff]5ce betwe5 grades ,no4
 #a1 #b1 #c & #d1 & :5 he does he is !n 
able to give a fair & hone/ price = e   
sk9 he buys4 ,if he doesn't "k !        
diff]5ce !n1 he _h bett] get a job cl]k+
 9 a hotel or saw+ wood4    99 99 99    
,_m h reque/$ t ! diff]5ce 9 ! v>i\s    
grades ( sk9s be expla9$ & = _! b5efit1 
z well z o!rs ( little exp]i5ce1 !      
foll[+ may prove in/ructive4  ,raw furs 
are assort$ into f\r grades1 viz3 ,no4  
#a1 ,no4 #b1 ,no4 #c & ,no4 #d4 ,) !    
exception ( skunk & muskrat mo/ h\ses   

subdivide ! ,no4 #a sk9s into l>ge1     
m$ium & small4 ,9 addition to ?is _m    
firms quote a range ( prices ab\t z     
foll[s3 ,m9k1 ,nor!rn ,new ,york1 l>ge  
#f4jj to #h4jj4 ,w\ld x n be m          
satisfactory to quote "o price only8  ,x
 is g5]ally kn[n t ,m9nesota m9k are    
l>ge4 ,f t /ate a ,no4 #a m$ium m9k is z
 l>ge z a ,no4 #a l>ge f ,ma9e1 :]e m9k 
are r small4 ,b z ! deal]s on _! price  
li/s quote ! v>i\s /ates & sections1 :y 
n quote "o price only z foll[s3  ,,m9k1 
,,nor!rn ,,new ,,york1 ,,no4 #a4  ,l>ge1
   ,m$ium1  ,small1  ,no4 #b1   ,no4 #c1
   ,no4 #d1 #g4jj4   #e4jj4   #c4jj     
#a4ej4   #j4ge4   #j4bj  ,^! figures1 ( 
c\rse1 are only giv5 = illu/ration & are
 n meant to %[ value4  ,furs f ! v>i\s  
p>ts ( ,nor? ,am]ica h _! peculi>       
*>act]i/ics & x is easy = ! man (       
exp]i5ce to tell 9 :at "p ( ! c\ntry a  
pelt 0 caught4 ,x may be %ipp$ by a     
collector hundr$s ( miles f :]e caught1 
b if !re are _m 9 ! collection ! exp]t w
 soon detect x4 ,?is k1 h[ev]1 only     

comes ) ye>s ( exp]i5ce4  ,prime sk9s   
are ^? caught dur+ cold wea!r & ! pelt  
aft] dry+ a few days is bright & heal?y 
appe>+4  ,unprime sk9s are ^? t turn    
blue or black aft] be+ /ret*$ = a "t4   
,usually ! d>k] ! pelt ! poor] ! fur4   
,if only slightly blu$ ! pelt may g back
 only "o grade1 :ile if black x is apt  
to be no bett] ?an ,no4 #c or ,no4 #d & 
may be tra% ( no value4  ,spr+y sk9s1 z 
! "n indicates1 are ^? tak5 t[>d ! la/ (
 ! season or 9 ! spr+ & ?o (t5 prime    
pelt$1 h begun to %$4 ,! beg9n] is (t5  
deceiv$1 = he ?9ks if ! pelt is prime1 !
 fur is4 ,foxes & o!r animals are (t5   
rubb$ t[>d spr+1 :i* ( c\rse less5s _!  
value4  ,a ,no4 #a sk9 mu/ be n only    
av]age 9 size b free f cuts1 etc4 ,no   
unprime sk9 w grade bett] ?an ,no4 #b4  
,skunk1 to be ,no4 #a or black1 mu/ be  
prime 9 pelt1 fair size & /ripe n ext5d+
 beyond ! %\ld]s4 ,! day t only /> black
 7 tak5 = ,no4 #a is pass$1 = mo/       
trapp]s & %ipp]s "k bett] n[4  ,a ,no4  
#b1 or %ort /rip$ skunk1 is prime & !   

/ripes1 if n>r[1 may ext5d ne>ly to !   
tail4 ,a small ,no4 #a or a blu$ ,no4 #a
 is grad$ ,no4 #b4  ,a ,no4 #c or long  
/ripe has two /ripes ext5d+ ! entire    
l5g?1 b !re mu/ be z mu* black betwe5 ! 
/ripes z ei!r ( ! :ite /ripes4  ,9 "s ( 
! /ates1 su* z ,m9nesota1 ,i[a1 !       
,dakotas1 etc41 skunk are l>ge & are    
ne>ly all /rip$ ! same--long n>r[       
/ripes--b ow+ to _! size !y are wor?    
ab\t ! same z ! ea/]n %ort /ripe or ,no4
 #b4  ,a ,no4 #d1 broad or :ite skunk1  
is prime b has two broad /ripes ext5d+  
d[n ! back4 ,mo/ deal]s class skunk z   
,no4 #d if ei!r :ite /ripe conta9s m    
:ite ?an !re is black betwe5 ! two      
/ripes4  ,all unprime skunk are grad$   
d[n to ,no4 #b1 #c & #d accord+ to dep? 
( fur & /ripe4 ,a ,no4 #a skunk 9 /ripe1
 b blue1 becomes a ,no4 #b1 or if badly 
blu$ ,no4 #c or #d2 a ,no4 #b skunk 9   
/ripe b blue becomes a ,no4 #c2 a ,no4  
#c 9 /ripe b blue1 a ,no4 #d2 a ,no4 #d 
9 /ripe b blue g5]ally goes into tra%4  
,9 fact1 if badly blu$1 any ( ! grades  

may be ?r[n to tra%4  ,muskrat are      
assort$ into f\r grades--spr+1 w9t]1    
fall & kitts4 ,spr+ rats are kn[n z ,no4
 #a2 w9t]1 ,no4 #b2 fall1 ,no4 #c2      
,kitts1 ,no4 #d4  ,no4 #a or spr+ rats  
are ^? tak5 9 ,m>* & ,april4 ,! pelt is 
!n ( a r$di% color & is entirely free f 
d>k spots4 ,a few spr+ rats may be      
caught e>li] ?an ,m>*1 b s long z !y %[ 
d>k spots !y are n ,no4 #a4  ,no4 #b1 or
 w9t] rats1 are pretty well furr$1 b !re
 are d>k /reaks & spots 9 ! hide usually
 on ! back4  ,no4 #c or fall are n full 
furr$ & ! pelt is f> f prime4 ,! d>k    
/reaks %[ mu* m ?an lat] 9 ! season4    
,no4 #d1 or kitts1 are only p>tly gr[n  
or if l>g] are badly damag$4  ,opossum  
is ! only animal t may h a prime pelt b 
an unprime coat ( fur4 ,?is makes       
opossum r difficult to assort unless    
turn$ fur side out4  ,if opossum h be5  
prop]ly sk9n$ & /ret*$ !y w1 :5 unprime1
 %[ a d>k blue spot on ! "u side at !   
?roat4 ,! pla9] ?is spot ! poor] ! fur4 
,good unprime sk9s are ,no4 #b2 poor    

unprime sk9s1 ,no4 #c2 ! v poor & /agey1
 no fur1 are ,no4 #d1 g5]ally kn[n z    
tra% & ( no value4  ,! o!r fur-be>]s1   
su* z m9k1 ott]1 beav]1 fox1 wolves1    
lynx1 wild cat1 fi%]1 raccoon1 be>1     
badg]1 civet cat1 weasel1 etc41 are     
grad$ mu* ! same t is1 all sk9s to be   
,no4 #a mu/ be caught 9 season1 :5 ! fur
 is prime1 at :i* "t ! pelt is heal?y   
appe>+--nev] blue or black--mu/ be (    
av]age size1 correctly sk9n$1 h&l$ &    
free ( cuts or %ot holes4  ,sk9s may be 
unprime f sev]al causes1 viz3 caught too
 e>ly1 improp]ly h&l$1 "u size1 etc4    
,unprime sk9s are grad$ ,no4 #b1 #c & #d
 accord+ to h[ inf]ior !y are4 ,! fairly
 well furr$ unprime sk9s are grad$ ,no4 
#b2 ! l[ furr$ unprime sk9s are ?r[n to 
,no4 #c2 ! poorly furr$ are ?r[n to ,no4
 #d1 :ile l[ /agey sk9s g to tra%4  ,"s 
sk9s al?o prime are s small t !y grade  
,no4 #c4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is ! exception r  
?an ! rule4 ,usually if prime1 ! "u size
 w only put ! sk9 d[n "o grade4    99 99
 99  ,i h b\ght "s = a numb] ( ye>s1    

writes a collector1 & "k t "s trapp]s   
are l "s f>m]s1 !y want z mu* money = a 
bu%el ( dirty :eat z _! neighbor gets = 
a bu%el ( clean :eat4 ,i h _h skunk &   
opossum hides (f]$ me t _h a p\nd or two
 ( ta9t$ fat on !m1 & sk9s t 7 tak5 out 
( season1 = :i* !y expect to get ,no4 #a
 prices4  ,!re are "s :o /ret* _! sk9s 9
 ! %ape ( an oblong triangle & leave    
fle% en\gh on to make _! d9n]4 ,/ret*   
y\r hides z ne> ! %ape ( ! animal z     
possible2 don't try to make a muskrat   
hide z long z a m9k1 or a m9k z wide z a
 muskrat4 ,cat* 9 season1 fle% c>efully1
 /ret* 9 good %ape1 always take bone out
 ( tails1 keep 9 an airy build+ until   
dry & !n y w n h to grumble s mu* at !  
buy] 9 reg>d to prices4    ,,*apt]      
,,xxvii4  ,,f ,,animal ,,to ,,m>ket4    
,"u ?is title1 says an exp]i5c$ ,we/]n  
trapp]1 ,i %all endeavor to %[ my bro!r 
trapp]s h[ to h&le pelts3  ,z soon z ,i 
get 9 f my traps 7,i use a team &       
wagon71 ,i fe$ team1 dogs & self1 !n ,i 
proce$ to sk9 ! game 9 ! usual mann]2 :5

 game is all sk9n$ ,i put on my fle%+   
suit1 made ( rubb] clo? l t buggy       
curta9s are made (1 get out my fle%+    
bo>ds1 ( :i* ,i h ?ree sizes--l>ge1     
m$ium & small--= ea* k9d ( cas$ sk9s    
except rat1 :i* ,i fle% ) ?umb & knife4 
,! fle%+ bo>ds are l ,fig4 #a on enclos$
 diagram1 made ( #a in* p9e free f knots
 & dress$ on bo? sides1 #c feet #f in*es
 long1 & = skunk #c_/d 94 & #aj 94 wide1
 tap]$ up to a blunt po9t1 edges r\nd$ &
 s&pap]$ smoo?4 ,^! bo>ds c be made (   
o!r sizes s z to fit l>g] or small]     
pelts ( o!r k9ds4    ,illu/ration3      
,,fle%+ ,,bo>d4  ,= a fle%] ,i h tri$   
ne>ly ev]y?+ imag9able1 dull knives1    
h>dwood scrap]s1 etc41 b h ab&on$ !m all
 = ! hat*et4 ,i use an old la? hat*et   
head & use x tol]ably %>p2 ,i proce$ z  
foll[s3 ,put pelt on bo>d b d n fa/51   
grip l[] edge ) left h&1 pull d[n h>d1  
place po9t ( bo>d aga9/ brea/ & use     
hat*et ) "r1 pu%+ d[n & hold+ hat*et    
ne>ly flat2 use pl5ty ( elb[ grease2 z  
fa/ z y get a /rip clean$ (f turn hide a

 little b d n fle% on edge ( bo>d4 ,x   
may n "w good at fir/ & y may cut "o or 
two hides1 b y w soon get ! knack4      
,illu/ration3 ,,/ret*+ ,,frame4  ,if    
possible take a bit* skunk = ! fir/ z !y
 fle% easi]1 & be sure !re are no burrs 
or *unks ( mud 9 ! fur1 or y w cut a    
hole ! size ( ! burr4 ,n[ = ! /ret*]s4  
,9 ,fig4 #b is :at ,i use2 x is some?+ (
 my own inv5tion1 & !re is no pat5t on  
x4 ,x is made ( any wood t w split      
/raight1 & ! dim5sions are z foll[s3    
,pieces are #d ft4 long by #a #c_/h 94  
dress$ smoo?2 pieces are #a #a_/b ,x    
#c_/h 942 w say = l>ge skunks "h !y w\ld
 be #aj 94 & #d #a_/b 94 ,to frame y mu/
 soak or /eam ! long pieces2 mitre !    
ends & fa/5 ) #c;d f9i%+ nails cl9*$4   
,!n place 9 position #a 94 f ends & fa/5
 ) two #f;d f9i%+ nails2 place 9        
position & pull up to #h 94 f nose &    
fa/53 n[ *amf] (f edges & s&pap] smoo?4 
,i l ?is /ret*]1 z x airs bo? sides (   
pelt & w dry !m 9 half ! "t4 ,fig #c %[s
 mann] ( fa/5+ pelt2 on belly side x c  

be drawn d[n & fa/5$ to tail pieces )   
sack ne$le & tw9e2 x is made ( two or m 
poles fa/5$ 9 ! %ape ( a hoop4  ,9 %ipp+
 furs1 bale tight2 d n %ip loose 9 sack2
 place m9k & rat inside ( skunk & o!r   
fur1 & always place ! t\ghe/ pelts on   
outside4 ,by bail+ tight y w avoid      
cr9kl+ & !y w n look mussy & w br+ f #e 
to #aj p] c5t m4 ,n[1 bro!r trapp]s1    
fle%+ pelts1 z ,i und]/& x1 is n m]ely  
tak+ ! fat (f1 b 9 go+ deep] & tak+ !   
fle% clean f ! pelt s t if skunk1 !     
/ripe w %[ cle> ! full l5g? & r$uc+ !   
weight by half4 ,on ,febru>y #bnd4 ,i   
%ipp$ #ae skunk1 all l>ge2 ! lot only   
weigh$ #i p\nds includ+ sack4           
,illu/ration3 ,,sk9 ,,on ,,/ret*]4  ,:5 
/ret*+ skunk & ott] sk9s1 if ! wea!r is 
w>m1 split ! tails1 op5 & tack flat4    
,split op5 half way all o!rs t h fur    
tails4 ,op5 pelts c be /ret*$ 9 hoops   
made ( "o or m poles an in* or s 9      
diamet]1 & sew$ 9 ) a sack ne$le & heavy
 tw9e4  ,9 /ret*+ d n get ! pelt s wide 
t ! fur looks ?91 or s long & n>r[ t x  

looks z if a horse _h be5 hit*$ to ea*  
end4 ,keep ! natural %ape ( ! animal z  
mu* z possible1 dry 9 a cool1 airy place
 inside1 or on ! nor? side ( a build+ & 
away f fire4  ,bal+--"h is :]e ! exp]t  
trapp] %[s 8 craft1 & 9 bal+ y w see him
 wipe (f all surplus fat & dirt & place 
! heavy pelts on ! outside ( 8 pack4 ,! 
light] furs1 su* z m9k1 m>t51 cat1 etc41
 w be plac$ inside ( ! sk9s t are       
heavi]4 ,= in/ance3 ,f f\r to eight rats
 or m9k1 inside ( a fox or skunk4 ,he w 
place ! head ( "o to ! tail ( ano!r1 !  
tails fold$ 94 ,he n[ ties a cord       
tightly ar\nd ea* end1 plac+ !m on a    
squ>e ( burlap1 & ) sack ne$le & tw9e   
draws up ! sides z tight z he c2 !n he  
folds 9 ! ends & sews up snug4 ,furs ?us
 pack$ rea* ! m>ket 9 good %ape1 & n su*
 z !y w\ld if cramm$ promiscu\sly into a
 sack4    ,illu/ration3 ,,wrap ,,)      
,,wire ,,at ,,jo9ts4  ,9 conclusion1    
boys1 let me sugge/ a maxim or two = y\r
 guidance3 ,prime caught & well h&l$    
furs always br+ top prices4 ,take pride 

9 y\r cat*1 no matt] h[ small4  ,:ile ! 
head+ ( ?is *apt] is ,f ,animal to      
,m>ket x is well :5 %ipp+ to reque/ !   
deal] to grade & s5d value4 ,if         
satisfactory1 write to s5d on *eck4 ,if 
n satisfactory1 h deal] return furs4    
,:5 %ipp+ furs "u ^! conditions see t no
 gre5 sk9s are s5t--only prop]ly cur$   
ones4  ,:ile "s deal]s (f] to pay       
expressage bo? ways we h>dly ?9k ?is    
fair & if no deal is made ! deal] %\ld  
pay ! expressage "o way & ! %ipp] ! o!r4
  ,! ,hunt]-,trad]-,trapp]1 publi%$ at  
,columbus1 ,ohio1 9 ! int]e/s ( hunt]s1 
trapp]s & deal]s 9 raw furs conta9s a   
great deal ( in=mation t w be ( value   
along ! l9e ( %ipp+ furs z well z trapp+
 me?ods1 etc4    ,,*apt] ,,xxviii4      
,,/eel ,,traps4  ,?is book w\ld n be    
complete )\t at lea/ a few pages devot$ 
to /eel traps4 ,:ile a few /eel traps 7 
9 use prior to #ahej1 yet x has only be5
 s9ce t date t !y h come into g5]al use4
 ,dur+ rec5t ye>s !y h become *eap] &   
trapp]s 9 all p>ts ( ,am]ica are us+ !m 

9 great] numb]s4  ,pr(essional trapp]s 9
 ! ,nor?1 ,nor?we/ & ,s\?we/ (t5 h out  
l9es _m miles long & use #bjj to #cej   
/eel traps ( ! v>i\s sizes4  ,ea* ( !   
?ree ma9 sets--l&1 wat] & sn[ are us$ 9 
v>i\s ways & to describe all ( ^! w\ld  
require a book4  ,/eel traps are made 9 
v>i\s sizes f ,no4 #j to ,no4 #f1 to    
meet ! requirem5ts ( trapp]s = ! v>i\s  
animals4 ,! be/ traps manufactur$ are ! 
,ne:\se made by ! well-kn[n trap        
manufactur]s--,oneida ,community1 ,ltd41
 ,oneida1 ,n4 ,y4 ,a brief description (
 ^! foll[s3    ,illu/ration3 ,ne:\se    
,no4 #j ,trap  ,spread ( ,jaws1 #c #a_/b
 in*es4 ,?is1 ! smalle/ trap made1 is   
us$ mo/ly = cat*+ ! goph]1 a little     
animal :i* is v tr\blesome to we/]n     
f>m]s1 & also rats & o!r v]m94 ,x has a 
%>p grip & w hold l>g] game1 b %\ld n be
 ov]tax$4    ,illu/ration3 ,ne:\se ,no4 
#a ,trap  ,spread ( ,jaws1 #d in*es4    
,?is ,trap is us$ = cat*+ muskrats & o!r
 small animals1 & sold 9 great] numb]s  
?an any o!r size4 ,its use is well      

und]/ood by pr(essional trapp]s & x is !
 mo/ s]viceable size = cat*+ skunks1    
weasels1 rats & su* o!r animals z visit 
p\ltry h\ses & b>ns4    ,illu/ration3   
,ne:\se ,no4 #ha ,trap  ,spread ( ,jaws1
 #d in*es4 ,occasionally animals free   
!mselves f traps by gnaw+ _! legs (f j  
bel[ ! trap jaws1 :]e ! fle% is numb f  
pressure4 ,v>i\s =ms ( traps h be5      
exp]im5t$ ) to obviate ?is difficulty4  
,! ,webb$ ,jaws %[n above h prov$ v     
successful 9 ?is respect4  ,not+ !      
cross-section ( ! jaws1 z illu/rat$ at !
 left1 x is pla9 ! animal c only gnaw (f
 its leg at a po9t q a di/ance bel[ !   
meet+ edges4 ,! fle% above ! po9t (     
amputation & bel[ ! jaws w swell & make 
x impossible to pull ! leg /ump out ( ! 
trap4  ,! ,no4 #ha ,trap corresponds 9  
size ) ! regul> ,no4 #a ,ne:\se4        
,illu/ration3 ,ne:\se ,no4 #ia ,trap    
,spread ( ,jaws--#ia1 #e #a_/d in*es2   
#ia #a_/b1 #f #a_/d in*es4 ,! d\ble jaws
 take an easy & firm grip s high up on !
 muskrat t he c n twi/ out4 ,a skunk _c 

gnaw out ei!r4  ,^! traps are especially
 good = muskrat1 m9k1 skunk & raccoon4  
,all p>ts ( ! ,no4 #ia except ! jaws are
 ! same size z ! regul> ,no4 #a ,ne:\se1
 :ile ! #ia #a_/b corresponds to !      
regul> ,no4 #a #a_/b4    ,illu/ration3  
,ne:\se ,no4 #a #a_/b ,trap  ,spread (  
,jaws1 #d #g_/h in*es4 ,?is size is     
call$ ! ,m9k ,trap4 ,x is1 h[ev]1       
suitable = cat*+ ! wood*uck1 skunk1 etc4
 ,pr(essional trapp]s (t5 use x = cat*+ 
foxes4 ,x is v conv5i5t 9 =m & is /rong 
& reliable4    ,illu/ration3 ,ne:\se    
,no4 #b ,trap  ,spread ( ,jaws1 #d #g_/h
 in*es4 ,! ,no4 #b ,trap is call$ ! ,fox
 ,trap4 ,its spread ( jaws is ! same z !
 ,no4 #a #a_/b b hav+ two spr+s x is1 ( 
c\rse1 mu* /rong]4   ,illu/ration3      
,ne:\se ,no4 #c ,trap  ,spread ( ,jaws1 
#e #a_/b in*es4 ,?is1 ! ,ott] ,trap1 is 
v p[]ful4 ,x w hold almo/ any game      
small] ?an a be>4    ,illu/ration3      
,ne:\se ,no4 #d ,trap  ,spread ( ,jaws1 
#f #a_/b in*es4 ,?is is ! regul> =m (   
,beav] ,trap4 ,x is long] ?an ! ,no4 #c 

,trap1 & has "o in* great] spread (     
jaws4 ,x is a favorite ) ^? :o trap &   
hunt = a liv+ 9 ! ,nor?we/ & ,canada4 ,x
 is also ext5sively us$ = trapp+ !      
small] wolves & coyotes 9 ! we/]n /ock  
rais+ regions4    ,illu/ration3 ,ne:\se 
,no4 #b #a_/b ,trap  ,spread ( ,jaws1 #f
 #a_/b in*es4 ,9 "s localities ! ott]   
gr[s to an unusual size1 ) great        
proportionate /r5g?1 s t ! manufactur]s 
h be5 l$ to produce an especially l>ge &
 /rong patt]n4 ,all ! p>ts are heavi]   
?an ! ,no4 #b #a_/b1 ! spread ( jaws    
great] & ! spr+ /iff]4    ,illu/ration3 
,ne:\se ,no4 #c #a_/b ,trap  ,spread (  
,jaws1 #e in*es4 ,! above cut repres5ts 
a ,s+le ,spr+ ,ott] ,trap4 ,x is us$ m  
especially = cat*+ ott] on _! slides4 ,=
 ?is purpose a ?91 rais$ plate ( /eel is
 adju/$ to ! pan s t :5 ! trap is set ! 
plate w be a trifle high] ?an ! tee? on 
! jaws4 ,! spr+ is v p[]ful1 be+ ! same 
z us$ on ! ,no4 #d ,ne:\se ,trap4 ,!    
rais$ plate c be readily deta*$ if      
desir$1 mak+ ! trap "o ( g5]al utility4 

,illu/ration3 ,ne:\se ,no4 #ba #a_/b    
,trap  ,s+le ,spr+4 ,same z ,no4 #b     
#a_/b b )\t ,tee? or ,rais$ ,plate4     
,no4 #ca #a_/b ,,ne:\se ,,trap4  ,s+le  
,spr+4 ,same z ,no4 #c #a_/b b )\t ,tee?
 or ,rais$ ,plate4  ,spread (           
,jaws--,no4 #ba #a_/b1 #e #a_/d in*es2  
,no4 #ca #a_/b1 #f #a_/b in*es4 ,^!     
,traps are ! l>ge/ smoo? jaw1 s+le spr+ 
sizes t are made4 ,pr(essional trapp]s w
 f9d ^! especially valuable :5 on a long
 trapp+ l9e1 z !y are m compact & easi] 
to secrete ?an ! l>ge d\ble spr+ traps4 
,! spr+s are made extra heavy4          
,note4--,! #ba #a_/b is practically a   
s+le spr+ ,no4 #c & ! #ca #a_/b a s+le  
spr+ ,no4 #d4    ,illu/ration3 ,ne:\se  
,no4 #ad ,trap  ,spread ( ,jaws1 #f     
#a_/b in*es4 ,?is ,trap is ! same 9 size
 z ! ,no4 #d ,beav]1 b has heavi] &     
/iff] spr+s & (fset jaws1 :i* all[ !    
spr+s to raise high] :5 ! animal's leg  
is 9 ! trap1 & is furni%$ ) tee?        
suffici5tly close to prev5t ! animal f  
pull+ its foot out4    ,illu/ration3    

,clut* ,deta*able ,trap  ,clut*         
,deta*able--,trap c be us$ ) or )\t x4  
,spread ( ,jaws1 ,no4 #bc1 #e #a_/b     
in*es2 ,no4 #bd1 #f #a_/d in*es4 ,!     
inv5tor ( ?is atta*m5t claims to h _h   
wond]ful success ) x 9 tak+ beav]4 ,!   
trap %\ld be set ) ! clut* end f>!/ f   
%ore4 ,! beav] swims ) 8 =e legs fold$  
back aga9/ 8 body1 & :5 he feels 8 brea/
 t\* ! bank he puts !m d[n4 ,! position 
( ! trap c be s calculat$ t he w put 8  
=e legs 9 ! trap1 :5 ! clut* w seize him
 across ! body & hold him securely4     
,illu/ration3 ,ne:\se ,no4 #d #a_/b     
,trap  ,9 response to a dem& = a new    
model ( ! ,ne:\se ,trap especially      
adapt$ to cat*+ wolves1 ! manufactur]s h
 p]fect$ a trap :i* is numb]$ #d #a_/b &
 is call$ ! ,ne:\se ,wolf ,trap4  ,?is  
trap has eight in*es spread ( jaw1 ) o!r
 p>ts 9 proportion1 & is provid$ ) a    
prong$ drag1 a heavy snap & an extra    
heavy /eel swivel & *a91 five feet long1
 w>rant$ to hold #b1jjj p\nds4 ,! trap  
complete ) *a9 & drag weighs ab\t n9e   

p\nds4    ,illu/ration3 ,ne:\se ,no4 #ej
 ,trap  ,spread ( ,jaws1 #i in*es4 ,?is 
trap is int5d$ = cat*+ small siz$ be>s4 
,9 design x is exactly l ! /&>d ,no4 #e 
,be> ,trap1 only t ! p>ts are all       
some:at small]4 ,weight1 #aa #a_/d p\nds
 ea*4    ,illu/ration3 ,ne:\se ,no4 #aej
 ,trap  ,spread ( ,jaws1 #i in*es4 ,?is 
trap is id5tical ) ,no4 #e except+ t !  
jaws are (fset1 mak+ a space five-eigh?s
 in* betwe5 !m4 ,?is all[s ! spr+s to   
come up high] :5 ! be>'s foot is 9 !    
trap1 & ?us secure a bett] grip4 ,also  
!re is less *ance ( break+ ! bones ( !  
foot4 ,weight1 #aa #a_/d p\nds ea*4     
,illu/ration3 ,ne:\se ,no4 #e ,trap     
,spread ( ,jaws1 #aa #c_/d in*es4 ,?is  
trap weighs n9ete5 p\nds4 ,x is us$ =   
tak+ ! common black be> & is furni%$ ) a
 v /rong *a94    ,illu/ration3 ,ne:\se  
,no4 #ae ,trap  ,spread ( ,jaws1 #aa    
#c_/d in*es4 ,to meet ! views ( c]ta9   
hunt]s ^: judgm5t is respect$1 !        
manufactur]s design$ a /yle ( jaw = !   
,no4 #e trap1 mak+ an (fset ( #c_/d ( an

 in*1 s z to all[ ! spr+s to come up    
high] :5 ! be>'s leg is 9 ! trap4 ,?is  
gives ! spr+ a bett] grip4 ,^? wi%+ ?is 
/yle %\ld specify ,no4 #ae4             
,illu/ration3 ,ne:\se ,no4 #f ,trap     
,spread ( ,jaws1 #af in*es4 ,weight1    
complete1 #db p\nds4 ,?is is ! /ronge/  
trap made4 ,we h nev] he>d ( any?+ gett+
 out ( x :5 once caught4 ,x is us$ to   
cat* lions & tig]s1 z well z ! great    
,grizzly ,be>s ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s4     
,illu/ration3 ,be> ,*a9 ,clevis & ,bolt 
,?is cut illu/rates ,be> ,*a9 ,clevis & 
,bolt1 int5d$ z a sub/itute = ! r+ on ! 
end ( ! trap *a91 :5 desir$4  ,) ?is    
clevis a loop c be made ar\nd any small 
log or tree )\t ! tr\ble ( cutt+ to fit 
! r+4 ,! *a9 is made five feet long1    
suitable = any clog1 & ! prices ( be>   
traps fitt$ ) x are ! same z ) ! regul> 
%ort *a9 & r+4    ,illu/ration3 ,/eel   
,trap ,sett+ ,clamp  ,e trapp] kn[s h[  
difficult x is to set a l>ge trap alone 
9 ! woods1 especially 9 cold wea!r1 :5 !
 f+]s are /iff1 & ! difficulty is       

greatly increas$ :5 "o has to "w 9 a    
boat4 ,"o ( ^! clamps appli$ to ea* spr+
 w by a few turns ( ! ?umb-screws1 b5d !
 spr+s to _! places1 s t ! pan may be   
adju/$ )\t difficulty4 ,no4 #d ,clamp c 
be us$ on any trap small] ?an ,no4 #d #a
 _/#b4 ,no4 #e & #f are /rong clamps1   
c>efully made & especially adapt$ to    
sett+ ! l>ge traps ,nos4 #d #a_/b to #f4
 ,!y disp5se ) ! inconv5i5t & dang]\s   
use ( lev]s4 ,) !m "o c easily set ^!   
p[]ful traps4 ,^! clamps are also useful
 ab\t camp = o!r purposes4    ,,end ,,( 
,,deadfalls ,,& ,,sn>es