,,green ,,spring ,,farm ,fairfax ,county1 ,virginia by ,,ross ,,and ,,nan ,,netherton ,june #aigj ,illustration3 ,map of ,,county ,,of ,,fairfax ,,virginia ,,table ,,of ,,contents ,page ,,illustrations iv ,,preface v ,,acknowledgments vi ,,introduction #a ,,historical ,,notes ,i4 ,gentleman ,freeholders3 ,the ,moss ,family 7#aggj-ahce7 #c ,,ii4 ,orchard and ,dairy3 ,fountain ,beattie 7#ahgh-aiag7 #ai ,,iii4 ,the ,end of the ,farming ,era3 ,michael ,straight 7#aidb-aifi7 #ca ,,architectural ,,history ,,and ,,description3 ,,the ,,mansion ,,house #cf ,,associated ,,buildings ,i4 ,the ,tobey ,house #ea ,,ii4 ,the ,barn #ee ,,iii4 ,the ,log ,cabin #eg ,,iv4 ,the ,spring ,house #ei ,,appendixes ,a4 ,fairfax ,county ,historic ,landmarks ,survey ,form #fc ,b4 ,summary of ,ownership #fd ,c4 ,will of ,john ,moss1 #ahji #ff ,d4 ,inventory of ,personal ,estate of ,william ,moss1 ,april #ae1 #ahce #fh ,e4 ,affidavit of ,thomas ,love and ,alfred ,moss1 ,october #bi1 #ahci #gd ,f4 ,inventory of ,personal ,estate of ,thomas ,moss1 ,december #b1 #ahci #gf ,g4 ,a ,visit ,from ,mr4 ,polevoy1 ,the ,new ,republic1 ,july #af1 #aief #gg ,,list ,,of ,,source ,,materials #ha ,,illustrations ,figure ,page #a ,john ,warner ,survey ,map1 #agdj #d #b ,john ,halley ,survey ,map1 #ahdj #ab #c ,r4 ,r4 ,farr ,survey1 #ahgd #ab #d ,hopkins' ,atlas ,map1 #ahgi #bj #e ,fountain ,beattie and ,annie ,hathaway ,beattie1 c4 #ahhe #bb ,the ,mosby and the ,beatties1 c4 #ahij #bb ,the ,old ,stone ,spring ,house1 c4 #ahhe #bb ,the ,lane to ,green ,spring ,farm1 c4 #ahhe #bb #f ,john ,singleton ,mosby #bd ,reunion at ,manassas #bd #g ,front ,view of ,green ,spring ,farm1 #aicf #cj ,side ,view of ,green ,spring ,farm1 #aicf #cj #h ,berry ,survey ,map1 #aida #cj #aj ,floor ,plans1 ,mansion ,house #ch #ad ,three ,views of the ,tobey ,house1 c4 #aifj #ej #ae ,floor ,plans of the ,tobey ,house #eb #ai ,spring ,house ,floor ,plans #eh #bj ,fairfax ,county ,property ,map1 #aifi #fb ,,preface ,in the beginning was the land4 ,it drew human life to our rich area of ,fairfax ,county1 and sustained us for centuries before we became so self-conscious about it as to make household language of words such as ecology and bio-degradable waste4 ,this is where we are at1 however1 and thus it is thoroughly appropriate that the publication of historical research reports in this format1 a new program for ,fairfax ,county1 should commence with a study of the ,green ,spring ,farm4 ,there is no better site for an example1 probably1 to illustrate the early patterns of life on the agricultural land of ,fairfax ,county as well as to follow the changes and pressures that have come about through war1 depression1 boom1 and technological change down to the present4 ,anyone familiar with the history of this parcel of land1 the ,green ,spring ,farm1 will be familiar with a great deal of the history of ,fairfax ,county--told not so much in terms of its famous and powerful people as in terms of those who drew sustenance directly from the land4 ,this report is published under authority of the ,board of ,supervisors of the ,county of ,fairfax4 ,it is one result of a program of historical site survey and research carried on by the ,fairfax ,county ,division of ,planning in cooperation with the ,fairfax ,county ,history ,commission4 ,the original selection of ,green ,spring ,farm as a research topic was made by the ,fairfax ,county ,historical ,landmarks ,preservation ,commission1 ,bayard ,d4 ,evans1 ,chairman1 the predecessor of the present ,history ,commission as the chief historical agency of the ,county ,government4 ,reproduction of the material in this report is invited1 subject to the customary credit to author and publisher4 ,john ,porter ,bloom ,chairman ,fairfax ,county ,history ,commission ,april #aigj ,,acknowledgments ,these notes are part of a series of research reports on the historic and architectural landmarks of ,fairfax ,county1 ,virginia1 prepared pursuant to a resolution of the ,board of ,county ,supervisors calling for a survey of the county's historic sites and buildings4 ,green ,spring ,farm was selected in #aifg by the ,fairfax ,county ,historical ,landmarks ,preservation ,commission as a subject to be researched1 and was later incorporated into a successor research program sponsored by the ,division of ,planning in cooperation with the ,fairfax ,county ,history ,commission4 ,the authors of this report wish to acknowledge with special thanks the assistance of the following3 ,mr4 and ,mrs4 ,john ,mosby ,beattie1 ,admiral ,beverly ,mosby ,coleman1 ,mr4 and ,mrs4 ,michael ,w4 ,straight1 ,mr4 and ,mrs4 ,john ,quast1 ,mrs4 ,victor ,fahringer1 ,mrs4 ,gwen ,hempel1 ,mrs4 ,don ,ritchie1 and ,mrs4 ,edith ,moore ,sprouse4 ,the authors also extend their thanks to the ,honorable ,thomas ,p4 ,chapman1 former ,clerk of the ,fairfax ,county ,circuit ,court1 and the ,honorable ,franklin ,gooding1 present ,clerk of the ,fairfax ,county ,circuit ,court1 for assistance in making available court records of the clerkships of various members of the ,moss family4 ,the ,honorable ,george ,r4 ,rich1 ,clerk of the ,virginia ,house of ,delegates and ,keeper of the ,rolls of the ,state1 furnished information on ,robert ,moss's term as a ,delegate from ,fairfax ,county4 ,thanks are extended to the staff of the ,national ,archives who located and made available for examination the military and civil service records of ,fountain ,beattie4 ,many helpful suggestions on the interpretation of data concerning the history of agriculture in ,northern ,virginia were provided by ,c4 ,malcolm ,watkins1 ,chairman of the ,department of ,cultural ,history1 and ,john ,t4 ,schlebecker1 ,curator of the ,division of ,agriculture and ,mining of the ,smithsonian ,institution's ,museum of ,history and ,technology4 ,details of the architectural history of the mansion house were furnished by ,walter ,macomber1 who was in charge of the #aidb renovation1 and ,david ,condon1 ,,aia1 who designed the additional work done in #aifj4 ,mr4 ,condon also provided both information and architectural plans for the ,tobey ,house and the ,spring ,house4 ,the authors' sincere thanks are extended to both these gentlemen4 ,finally1 the authors wish to acknowledge the efficient and valuable help that they1 as part of the county's historical research project1 received from the staff of the ,fairfax ,county ,headquarters ,library4 ,n4,n4 ,r4,d4,n4 ,fairfax1 ,virginia ,april #bb1 #aigj ,,introduction ,the land has always had a special value to ,virginians4 ,land was the first form of wealth which the colonists knew2 and it was through cultivation of the land that ,virginians first enjoyed the heady feeling of prosperity that came with the rise of their tobacco empire4 ,ownership and cultivation of the land were the goals of those who indentured themselves to come to the ,new ,world1 and they were the foundations on which ,jefferson placed his reliance for the perpetuation of political freedom and economic strength for the infant republic which emerged from the ,revolution4 ,for more than three centuries1 ,virginians have associated the land with values which are both physical and spiritual4 ,against this background1 the history of ,green ,spring ,farm serves not only as a chronicle of the lives of three families who resided there but also as a reflection of the history of agriculture in ,northern ,virginia4 ,green ,spring ,farm was not one of the great estates of ,tidewater ,virginia4 ,by the mid-eighteenth century1 most of the original ,northern ,neck proprietary grants had been broken up and replaced by a pattern of smaller farms whose owners owed no allegiance to the tobacco empire and were willing to experiment with diversified crops4 ,green ,spring ,farm illustrated this emerging pattern of agriculture2 and its first owners1 ,john ,moss and his heirs1 who assembled the acreage in the #aggj's and occupied it until #ahci1 were typical of the freeholder classes who took pride in their land and in regarding themselves as farmers4 ,their farming raised ,virginia to its position of preeminance among the colonies and in the new nation after the ,revolution4 ,farming remained the foundation of ,virginia's economy through the nineteenth century1 although changes in the methods of husbandry and transportation1 together with the opening of farmlands in the ,ohio ,valley and the prairie states1 had important consequences in ,virginia4 ,these impacts were followed by the devastating years of war from #ahfa to #ahfe4 ,agriculture in ,northern ,virginia reached its low point in the #ahgj's4 ,the period of rebuilding in ,northern ,virginia--the ,energetic ,eighties1 as one historian has called these years--brought a revival of agriculture4 ,farmers who could no longer compete in one agriculture market shifted to another where they enjoyed natural advantages4 ,thus1 ,green ,spring ,farm1 under the ownership of ,fountain ,beattie from #ahgh to #aiag1 became chiefly an orchard and dairy farm4 ,under the ownership of ,michael ,straight1 from #aidb to the present 7#aifi71 ,green ,spring ,farm came under assault from new economic forces which drastically affected farming in ,northern ,virginia and ultimately brought an end to the agricultural era there4 ,unlike the changing times of earlier centuries1 there was no compromise with the forces of expanding urbanization2 and1 eventually1 even stock farming was ended4 ,yet1 in the twentieth century1 as in the eighteenth and nineteenth1 the farm continued to represent values which were social as well as economic4 ,the alert eye of a ,russian writer catches some of this value in ,a ,visit from ,mr4 ,polevoy1 reproduced in the appendix1 just as the inventories of the estates of earlier owners of the farm suggest the social values which were held in their times4 ,green ,spring ,farm therefore offers insight into the lives of ,virginia gentlemen of the eighteenth1 nineteenth1 and twentieth centuries4 ,its owners were men of learning according to their times1 and men of affairs4 ,the history of the farm records many references to occasions when it was a gathering place for colorful and talented people whose names were notable in the arts1 literature1 sciences1 and politics of their day4 ,throughout the eighteenth1 nineteenth1 and twentieth centuries1 its owners were sought for public service and held positions of trust and responsibility in county1 state1 and national governments4 ,the architectural history of ,green ,spring ,farm parallels its chain of title4 ,both the structure and interior design of its buildings have undergone numerous alterations and remodelings4 ,none of these changes1 however1 has destroyed the simple dignity of the house1 and it stands today as a symbol of the traditional strength of spirit of the ,virginia freeholder-farmer in an area which is undergoing the transition of ,america's urban revolution4 ,,historical ,,notes ,i4 ,,gentleman ,,freeholders3 ,,the ,,moss ,,family 7#aggj-ahce7 ,when ,green ,spring ,farm came into being in the middle years of the eighteenth century1 it represented the second generation of ,virginia's agriculture4 ,by #agej1 the great plantations of the proprietor and his grantees1 laid out on land cleared from the virgin forest and planted with as much tobacco as the owner's supplies of manpower and ,london credit would allow1 were disappearing4 ,in the evolution of farming1 another generation of farms and farmers was taking over the ,tidewater4 ,smaller in size than the great tobacco plantations1 these farms utilized a larger proportion of their acreage for crops and cultivated a greater diversity of crops than before4 ,for these second-generation farms1 wheat and corn for export to ,england and the ,west ,indies became the principal income crops4 ,the men who assembled and worked these new farms were themselves part of a new generation of ,virginians4 ,many belonged to families which in #agej could look back on more than a century of residence in ,america1 and they were more attuned to the problems and potentials of the ,new ,world than those of the ,old4 ,they were the generation that successfully brought forth a new nation in their own times and added new dimensions to both its spirit and substances4 ,john ,moss was one of this new generation of ,virginians4 ,precisely when and how ,john ,moss assembled the acreage that comprised ,green ,spring ,farm is not certain4 ,fairfax ,county land records show a purchase of land by ,john ,moss in ,september #aggg1 but1 although this is the first connection of his name with the land of ,green ,spring ,farm in these records1 there is reason to believe that he may have occupied and farmed the land prior to that date4 ,for him to have done so would have been consistent with the practice of his times and also would be in accord with the tradition of his present-day descendants which holds that ,john ,moss built the mansion house at ,green ,spring ,farm in or about #agfj4a ,john ,moss lived in this house until his death in #ahji4 ,here he raised four sons--,john1 ,samuel1 ,william1 and ,thomas--the last two of whom successively inherited and worked the farm from #ahji until #ahci4 ,on the death of ,thomas ,moss in #ahci1 the farm was sold and the proceeds of the sale were divided among his heirs4 ,illustration3 ,figure #a4 ,john ,warner ,survey ,map1 #agdj4 ,northern ,neck ,grants1 ,book ,e1 #agcf-agdb1 pp4 #baf-ag4 ,in the case of ,john ,moss1 more is known of his activities in the community than of his life as a farmer4 ,in particular1 he was a leader of the early ,methodist church in ,virginia4 ,the well-known itinerant ,methodist preacher1 ,john ,littlejohn1 records several visits to the home of ,john ,moss in ,fairfax ,county1 beginning in ,may #aggg4 ,many ,methodist meetings were held at ,green ,spring ,farm in the #aggj's and #aghj's4 ,one1 held on ,april #bi1 #aggh1 led to the following interesting note3 ,at ,br ,jno ,mosses1 met with ,mr afterward ,lord ,fairfax we found our trials as to preachg were very similar1 he is very serious but his religion is a mystry to me4 ,lord help us both4#b ,and1 in #aghg1 ,francis ,asbury noted in his journal3 ,preached at ,brother ,mosses on #b ,chronicles ,,xv1 #ab-ac on the peoples entering into a covenant with ,god4#c ,it seems evident that during these years1 ,john ,moss's home served as a meeting place for a ,methodist congregation which lacked a church building and was served by the occasional visits of itinerant preachers4 ,that the congregation grew and prospered also seems evident from the fact that in ,june #aghi ,john ,moss served as a trustee of a ,methodist ,episcopal church to be built in ,alexandria just north of the ,presbyterian ,meeting ,house 7,duke and ,fairfax ,streets7 for the use of ,reverend ,thomas ,cooke and ,reverend ,francis ,asbury4#d ,in the county community1 ,john ,moss also was one of the group of gentlemen freeholders in whom the responsibility of power was reposed4 ,he enjoyed the friendship and trust of ,bryan ,fairfax to the extent that he witnessed and served as coexecutor of the latter's will1#e and he was a party to several land sales and leases which involved ,fairfax4#f ,by these transactions1 he acquired extensive lands in ,loudoun ,county as well as land on ,dogue ,creek in ,fairfax ,county4#g ,in colonial times1 he served the ,crown as ,commissioner of the ,king's ,revenue in ,fairfax ,county and also as a justice of the ,county ,court4#h ,in the ,war for ,independence1 he served as a captain and afterward took an active part in organizing the new government--in particular1 serving on a commission to supervise the ,presidential election of #aghh4 ,under the new ,state ,government1 he continued to serve as the ,commissioner of ,revenue for the county and a justice of the ,county ,court4 ,in #agif1 in a law suit in ,prince ,william ,county1 ,john ,moss1 then #gb1 was able to state that he was the oldest justice of the court in commission at that time4#i ,service as a justice presumably involved ,john ,moss in a wide range of decisions affecting the life of the county4 ,the business of the ,county ,court in this period was both judicial and administrative4 ,minor crimes were disposed of monthly1 while major crimes and civil cases were handled in quarterly sessions4#aj ,at these sessions1 the justices also acted on appointments1 licenses for mills and ordinaries1 road construction and repair1 and the levying of taxes4 ,most of the justices were not trained in the law1 and law books were scarce2 therefore1 the quality of justice and the transaction of public business were frequently leavened by reliance on common sense and experience4#aa ,if gentlemen freeholders held the power of government in colonial and post-,revolutionary ,virginia1 they also paid much of the cost of government4 ,in #aghf1 ,john ,moss and ,james ,wren1 ,gentlemen1 were appointed ,commissioners of the ,land ,tax1 the large counties in ,virginia being allowed to have two such officials4#ab ,they were responsible for maintaining the tax book1 personally calling on every person subject to taxation1 and making four lists of taxable property in the county4 7,one was for the ,clerk of the ,county ,court1 one for the sheriff1 one for the ,solicitor ,general1 and one for the commissioner47 ,annually1 they submitted a list of changes in land ownership1 by sale or inheritance4#ac ,for his service as a justice and as ,commissioner of the ,land ,tax1 ,john ,moss's compensation came in the form of fees2 he received no salary but under certain circumstances he was reimbursed for out-of-pocket expenses connected with his duties4#ad ,as one of the results of the ,american ,revolution1 the ,anglican church was disestablished1 and many of the welfare functions formerly performed by the parish vestry were assumed by the ,overseers of the ,poor4 ,john ,moss served as an overseer1 and the powers and duties he had in this unusual office were set forth in detail in the revision of the state laws in #agib4ae ,overseers could prevent the poor from moving from one county to another and could get a warrant from any magistrate ordering the removal of a pauper back to his former county1 with a court hearing to determine residence in case of a dispute4 ,on the other hand1 each county was obliged1 through its overseers1 to look after its own poor2 and if the overseers refused to provide needed relief1 there could be an appeal to the ,county ,court4#af ,further1 they could bind out dependent children placed under their care as apprentices1 appoint collectors-for-the-poor rates1 have a paid clerk1 and be paid for attending meetings4 ,they had power to control vagrants1 force fathers of bastards to contribute to their support1 and operate the county poorhouse4 ,in #ahjf1 they were given the power to take over funds and endowments left in the charge of the vestries1 accounting to the court annually4#ag ,john ,moss served as justice of the ,county ,court until his death1 and so saw the time come when the county courthouse was moved from ,alexandria to its present site4 ,his view of the history of his county1 state1 and nation saw more than mere physical change1 however1 and he was sensitive to the changing spirit of the time and place in which he lived4 ,as to the depth of this feeling1 there is no evidence in the form of public document or speech2 but eloquent testimony comes from a simple1 personal act he performed in #agie4 ,as recorded in a deed of manumission issued to his slaves1 he wrote3 ,i1 ,john ,moss 444 being fully satisfied that it is contrary to our bill of rights as well as to our principles and sentiments as a free people and also contrary to common justice to hold and keep in a state of slavery any part of our fellow men 444 release and set free at various specified times from the date of this deed ,sarah1 ,nan1 ,harry1 ,maria1 ,hannah1 ,nero1 ,abram1 ,fox1 ,nat1 ,david1 ,john1 ,sam1 ,milla and ,sal4444#ah ,the tradition of public service which ,john ,moss commenced was carried on by his son1 ,william ,moss1 who was appointed ,clerk of the ,county ,court in #ahja4 ,the duties of the clerk at this time differed somewhat from those of the clerk in colonial times4 ,as enumerated in the general revision of the law in #agib1ai the clerk must be a resident of the county and keep his office in the courthouse1 unless ordered to do otherwise4 ,he received his compensation in small fees charged for performing small acts1 but in a growing county this produced a substantial income4 ,his chief functions involved issuing licenses1 warrants1 writs1 and orders connected with litigation4 ,he also took inventories1 recorded legal instruments1 and kept vital statistics4 ,frequently1 the clerk was the only officer of the court who was in any way learned in the law1 and thus his advice on the law was regularly sought by the court4 ,as the information he gave frequently was seasoned with experience1 he became sought after for advice on many issues and problems which reached beyond the technical terms of the law1 and his importance in the county's government was substantial4 ,william ,moss served as ,clerk of the ,county ,court for #cb years1 until #ahcc4 ,in #ahca1 he was appointed ,clerk of the ,circuit ,court1 when that body was created by the ,general ,assembly1 and he served in that position until #ahce1 the year of his death4 ,at this time1 ,william ,moss's brother1 ,thomas1 who had served as a ,delegate from ,fairfax ,county to the ,virginia ,general ,assembly in #ahbh1 was appointed to fill the vacancy left by ,william's death4 ,when ,thomas ,moss died in #ahci1 his son1 ,alfred1 was appointed ,clerk but served in that office only one month4 ,later1 however1 ,alfred ,moss moved from ,alexandria to ,providence ,fairfax where in #aheb he was again appointed ,clerk of the ,circuit ,court4 ,he served in this capacity until #ahfa1 at which time ,civil ,war activities in the area disrupted the normal conduct of county business4#bj ,it was at this time that ,alfred ,moss removed ,george ,washington's holographic will from ,fairfax ,courthouse to take it to ,richmond for safekeeping for the duration of the war4 ,because there was considerable risk in getting it to ,richmond1 ,alfred's wife1 ,martha ,gunnell ,moss1 hid it for a time in her daughter's home1 ,evergreen1 in ,fauquier ,county4 ,alfred ,moss was captured and sent to ,capitol ,prison1 and when he was released by exchange1 he took the will to a safe place4 ,shortly after the war1 the ,fairfax ,county ,court sent a private citizen1 ,o4 ,w4 ,hunt1 to ,richmond where he found the ,washington will1 some other papers1 and the ,county ,seal1 which he returned to the ,fairfax ,courthouse where they may be seen during regular hours of business4#ba ,,agriculture ,,in ,,colonial ,,virginia4 ,the lands which were assembled by ,john ,moss to comprise his farm were quite different from the virgin forest land that was being opened up for cultivation in the western part of ,fairfax and in ,loudoun ,county at about the same time4 ,like most of the open land below the fall line1 the tract which ,moss assembled had first played a part in the tobacco civilization that had dominated the life of ,northern ,virginia from #afej to #agej4bb ,during the eighteenth century1 tobacco planters of the ,virginia ,tidewater had turned inland1 clearing the forested area of the ,piedmont to bring virgin land into production of their crop4 ,their actions were the result of many contributing causes--the tendency of tobacco to wear out the soil1 the need for timberland to supply the rising demand for barrels and hogsheads1 the introduction of new implements of husbandry1 the plentiful supply of enslaved or indentured labor1 and1 of course1 the presence of cheap land in the western part of the county4#bc ,expansion required capital1 however1 and many of the ,tidewater tobacco planters whose holdings had been created through proprietary grants obtained the necessary funds by selling off portions of their ,tidewater holdings4 ,by the middle of the eighteenth century1 few of the large land grants remained intact and what remained to the original owners was interspersed with smaller farms and old fields gradually being taken over by scrub pine4#bd ,at the same time1 the increase of warehouses and riverside facilities1 the growth of roads overland between the principal river landings and the gaps in the ,blue ,ridge ,mountains1 and a steadily rising number of tradesmen and artisans setting out for themselves upon completion of their indenture periods all combined to offer a prospect of success1 if not affluence1 to one who was willing to work the land diligently and prudently4 ,many of the small farmers of the ,tidewater remained as committed to tobacco as the great planters had been4 ,others turned to diversification of crops4 ,corn 7maize7 was grown in conjunction with tobacco from the beginning of settlement in ,northern ,virginia and diversification simply called for increasing its role4 ,in the eighteenth century1 wheat was introduced as a substitute for tobacco to restore the land and gradually became adopted in place of tobacco as a farm staple4 ,as commercial relations with ,england became more difficult after #agej1 and were completely disrupted during the ,war for ,independence1 tobacco planters in great numbers shifted to production of foodstuffs to meet domestic demands4 ,the description of ,washington's experience at ,mount ,vernon1 only a few miles distant from ,green ,spring ,farm1 may be taken as typical of that of his neighbors3 ,on the thin topsoil that overlay the clay slopes at ,mount ,vernon1 ,george ,washington grew wheat that sold in ,alexandria1 made ship's biscuit that was famous the world over--and rye that supplied his less celebrated distillery4 ,the increasing number of cattle accounted for the introduction of mangel-wurzels1 turnips1 and other root crops in the rotation4 ,the soil-building virtues of peas were discovered4 ,beef cattle grew in increasing numbers1 and began to appear prominently in inventories and wills4 ,orchards and vineyards were planted more widely4 ,with these developments1 simultaneously with the decline of the tobacco trade1 a lively business sprang up in shipping corn1 wheat1 and livestock to the ,west ,indies4444#be ,in his efforts to develop methods of husbandry which would restore the fertility of the land1 ,washington reflected a concern which was widespread among ,virginians of his time and the first half of the nineteenth century4 ,organized efforts to promote better husbandry through exchange of practical experience and dissemination of the results of experimentation and invention began in the #aggj's4#bf ,between #agij and #ahcj1 hundreds of publications on agriculture were produced#bg and more than #ajj inventions of agricultural devices were patented to ,virginians1 among them ,cyrus ,mc,cormick's reaper1 the most influential mechanical factor in the development of ,american agriculture in the nineteenth century4#bh ,national leaders such as ,thomas ,jefferson1 ,james ,monroe1 and ,john ,marshall actively worked in societies which encouraged experimentation and study for improvement of agriculture through what was called scientific farming4 ,with the effort to establish scientific farming came experiments in crop rotation1 with use of clovers and grasses interspersed between other crops1 increased use of manure and artificial fertilizers1 better plows and methods of soil preparation1 and more attention to control of erosion4 ,interest in improving farm animals during this period led to introduction of merino sheep and new breeds of mules4 ,despite this active element in ,virginia's agricultural system1 and notwithstanding the substantial amount of intelligent and successful experimentation and publicity of results which this element inspired1 many farmers in ,virginia persisted in traditional ways4 ,book farming1 as the new methods were called1 was decried in favor of the familiar ways of cultivating which were passed from father to son4 ,this skepticism was strengthened1 also1 when experiments failed--as they did in many cases--and when ,virginia agriculture suffered from economic depression along with the rest of the nation--as it did in the years following the ,war of #ahab4bi ,while ,virginia agriculture had an equivocal or only moderately successful record of growth from #agej to #ahcj1 the proponents of scientific farming could and did argue that its value was measured in political as well as economic terms4 ,men like ,thomas ,jefferson1 ,james ,madison1 ,john ,taylor1 ,james ,garnett1 and others sincerely believed that the survival of their way of life and that which they sought for ,virginia depended on restoring the farmer to preeminence4 ,one historian has described their philosophy thus3 ,the sincerity of their belief in the corruption of urban and the virtue of rural living is unquestionable4 ,they practiced as they preached4 ,and as they looked about them1 at the long line of ,virginia leaders of the early republic and at their own modest pleasant way of life1 which some of them believed extended all the way down to their slaves1 they felt they had incontestable evidence of the rightness of their convictions4 ,as their soil became depleted1 the hold of their state on preeminence in everything was weakening4 ,restore the soil and ,virginia would be restored to her rightful preeminence4 ,simple1 primitive1 noble1 limited yet grand1 thus went the conception4#cj ,,the ,,moss ,,family ,,as ,,farmers4 ,whether ,john ,moss and his descendants who inherited and worked ,green ,spring ,farm were scientific farmers according to the standards of the time is not certain4 ,presumably they were aware of the organizations which espoused this cause since they were active in the public life of their state and community4 ,they may well have read the writings of some of the scientific farming leaders of the time1 such as ,john ,taylor1 who wrote under the pseudonym1 ,arator1 and whose articles on agriculture were published in a ,georgetown newspaper commencing in #ahaj4ca ,an inventory of the personal property of ,william ,moss1 made in connection with an auction to settle up his estate in #ahce1 offers indirect evidence of the farming methods of the ,moss family4 7,a copy of this inventory is contained in appendix ,d47 ,the lack of tobacco and tobacco processing equipment suggests that the ,mosses had abandoned this crop for production of cereal grains--wheat1 oats1 rye1 and corn--and possession of a mechanical wheat fan 7for blowing chaff away from the grain during threshing7 indicates use of some of the most advanced labor-saving equipment of the day4#cb ,the number of horses1 plows1 and other farm machinery seems large for the size of the farm and suggests that its cultivation must have prospered over a period of time4 ,particularly significant is the number of livestock in the inventory and the types of animals--horses1 cattle1 hogs1 sheep1 and bees4 ,these1 plus other entries1 indicate that the farm must have regularly produced beef1 bacon1 lard1 wool1 soap1 honey1 and beeswax1 all in quantities sufficient to provide market income4 ,mention of quantities of hay1 oats1 and corn in the inventory suggest that in addition to cultivating cereal grains the ,mosses had a major interest in raising meat animals and in dairying4 ,strong evidence of dairying comes from the presence of a spring house at the farm and mention of tubs1 churns1 jars1 crocks1 strainers1 and the like4 ,they point to active dairying1 with the sale of milk1 cheese1 and butter in the nearby neighborhood1 in ,alexandria1 and possibly even points beyond4#cc ,the listing of hogsheads and barrels of vinegar in the sale inventory suggests still another facet of ,green ,spring ,farm's diversification4 ,both apple and peach orchards existed at the time and apparently produced well4#cd ,the will of ,john ,moss and the inventories of ,william ,moss and ,thomas ,moss give the impression of a farming family which was successful in more than ordinary measure as compared with most other ,northern ,virginia farmers4 ,their farm was described in the notice advertising the court sale in #ahci as follows3 ,brick dwelling house1 #h rooms1 brick kitchen1 meat house1 servant's house1 new barn and stables and other convenient outbuildings4 ,apple orchard1 peach orchard1 also1 stone spring house4#ce ,more revealing1 perhaps1 is the affidavit of ,alfred ,moss and ,thomas ,love 7son and son-in-law1 respectively1 of ,thomas ,moss7 offered in connection with the court proceedings to sell the farm as part of the settlement of ,thomas ,moss's estate4 ,they said3 ,this tract of land is naturally a thin soil1 but from a careful course of husbandry for a number of years is now in a good state of cultivation1 the fields well enclosed by good and substantial fencing1 the land not in cultivation well taken with grass 7clover and timothy71 and that in cultivation just sown down in winter grain1 and the buildings in a good state of repair1 the barn and stables having been erected in the last two or three years4#cf ,although the history of ,green ,spring ,farm during its ownership by the ,moss family does not contain evidence of agricultural experimentation and leadership in scientific farming1 it seems clear1 on the other hand1 that ,john ,moss and his descendants advanced with the progress of their times and1 indeed1 may have been among the most progressive husbandmen of their day4 ,they had broken away from the pattern of farming that typified the colonial tobacco era1 and they exemplified a new and successful type of agriculture based on careful management of the land and production for a diversified market4 ,they were certainly aware of the new developments and new philosophy which were growing out of the search for the principles of scientific farming1 and they accepted and used some of those that applied to their situation4#cg ,,green ,,spring ,,farm ,,and ,,the ,,turnpike ,,road4 ,the successful operation of ,green ,spring ,farm1 like the success of numerous other farms in ,northern ,virginia and the ,shenandoah ,valley1 was closely linked to the transportation system of these areas4 ,tidewater ,virginia in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries relied mainly on coastal waterways and rivers as avenues of commerce and travel4 ,when roads appeared on maps of ,virginia in this period1 they followed trails laid down by ,indians who1 in turn1 had taken over the game trails along the ridges of the land4 ,therefore1 by #agej there was only a basic network of roadways running east-west to the passes in the ,blue ,ridge and north-south to the colonial capital of ,williamsburg along the ,tidewater and to the ,carolinas through the ,piedmont4 ,the eighteenth century development of roads in ,northern ,virginia emphasized east-west travel for the obvious reason that residents of this area saw their future prosperity more closely linked to the rich resources and fertile lands of the ,shenandoah ,valley 7and through it1 perhaps1 to the ,ohio ,river7 than through connection with the political capitals of the state or the great plantations of the ,james and ,york ,rivers4#ch ,illustration3 ,figure #b4 ,survey ,map1 ,john ,halley1 #ahdj4 ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,h-#c1 p4 #bbg4 ,illustration3 ,figure #c4 ,r4 ,r4 ,farr ,survey1 ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,c-#h1 p4 #ddh4 ,as ,colchester and ,dumfries yielded leadership in commerce to ,alexandria and as ,loudoun and ,fauquier ,counties developed centers of commerce and seats of government at ,leesburg and ,warrenton1 the desire for better overland connections with ,alexandria gained strength4 ,public roadbuilding in this period was treated with indifference by both public officials and the public at large4 ,theoretically carried out by levying a certain amount of labor or materials from the freeholders of the community1 the system never produced good roads in ,northern ,virginia2 and1 in the early nineteenth century1 overland travel generally had permitted them to deteriorate to the point where both foreign and domestic travelers commented unfavorably on them in their travel memoirs4#ci ,moreover1 in the #ahjj's1 the new state governments were in no position to provide financial support for local public works and could offer nothing more than their moral support through legislative approval of private roadbuilding by private turnpike companies which raised their capital through the sale of stock and obtained their income by charging tolls for use of the road4 ,the earliest private turnpike company charter issued by the ,virginia ,legislature was in #agie for the ,fairfax and ,loudoun ,road from ,alexandria to the ford of ,little ,river4 ,this company was never organized1 but1 in #ahjb1 a somewhat more liberal charter was given to the ,little ,river ,turnpike ,company4 ,this company's road was completed in #ahjf and immediately led to enactment in #ahjh of further legislation authorizing extensions to ,fauquier ,courthouse4#dj ,the ,little ,river ,turnpike was located so that ,fairfax ,courthouse stood approximately half way between ,alexandria and the western terminus at ,aldie4 ,the courthouse thus served as a logical landmark dividing the upper and lower segments of the road4 ,the turnpike traversed ,green ,spring ,farm at a point about midway in its lower section4 ,throughout the history of the road1 the ,moss family appears to have been deeply involved4 ,in #ahji1 ,william ,moss was appointed and served as one of three commissioners to advertise and receive subscriptions for stock in the company constructing the road from the ,little ,river ,turnpike to ,fauquier ,courthouse4#da ,thomas ,moss served as a director of the ,little ,river ,turnpike ,company and also acted as superintendent of the lower district of the road4 ,financial statements of the company1 which were given in the annual reports of the ,state ,board of ,public ,works1 regularly carried accounts for both the salary paid to ,thomas ,moss and the funds spent by him for repair of the lower section of the road4#db ,,the ,,midcentury ,,years4 #ahdj-ahhj4 ,the ,moss family's ownership of ,green ,spring ,farm ended in #ahdc with the sale of the farm and division of the proceeds among the eight heirs of ,thomas ,moss4#dc ,under the supervision of the ,county ,court1 the farm was sold to one ,thomas ,sheriff1 lately of ,barbados4 ,on his death1 it descended to his son1 ,james ,sheriff1 who kept it until #ahee when he transferred it as part of a settlement for a debt4 ,its next owner was ,james ,benton1 who held it in trust for one ,hannah ,o',brien of ,baltimore4 ,in the first half of this period the times were generally good4 ,virginia agriculture grew to new levels of prosperity1 aided by the introduction of new labor-saving machinery through inventions and the opening up of new markets for farm produce through improvements in transportation4 ,in such circumstances1 ,james ,sheriff's loss of ,green ,spring ,farm for debts in #ahee seems likely to have been due to exceptional misfortunes or else exceptional neglect and waste on the part of the owner4 ,although records of the ,county ,court during this period suggest that ,thomas ,sheriff and his son1 ,james1 were before the ,bar of ,justice on numerous occasions1 these references do not suffice to explain all that occurred4 ,during the second half of this period1 when title to the farm was in ,james ,benton for the use of ,hannah ,o',brien1 the fortunes of its owners were dictated mainly by the fortunes of war4 ,during the four years of hostilities1 ,green ,spring ,farm stood in the disputed ground outside the perimeter of permanent defenses of the capital where patrols from both sides ranged regularly by day and night4 ,while the records of the war do not report any major engagements at the farm1 they indicate that military activity in the neighborhood frequently placed its safety in jeopardy and obviously prevented any regular farming operations4 ,the ultimate loss of the farm in #ahgh--;again to be sold for debt--appears to have been the result of imprudence in business dealings 7according to local tradition1 ,hannah's husband1 ,matthew ,o',brien1 was a gambler71 and inability to bring the farm back from the low state to which it was reduced during the war years4 ,hannah ,o',brien's interest in the farm enjoyed the special protection of a deed which specified that the land should be free from debts1 liabilities1 and control of her husband1 ,matthew ,o',brien1 and that she had power to dispose of the property by deed in her own right4#dd ,subsequently1 however1 through ignorance or bad advice1 she signed as guarantor of a note issued by her husband2 and1 when default on the note occurred1 she lost the farm through court proceedings which ordered it sold for the debt4#de ,thus1 in #ahgh the farm was bought by ,fountain ,beattie4 ,i4 ,,gentlemen ,,freeholders3 ,,the ,,moss ,,family 7#aggj-ahce7 #a ,mrs4 ,don ,ritchie1 ,arlington1 ,virginia1 ,moss family genealogist2 ,vernon ,lynch1 ,annandale1 ,virginia1 a lifelong resident of ,fairfax ,county1 now in his eighties2 interviews4 ,walter ,macomber1 interview on ,july #af1 #aifh1 at ,green ,spring ,farm4 ,in the opinion of ,mr4 ,macomber of ,washington1 ,d4,c41 who planned and supervised the #aidb renovation of the mansion house1 the original part of the house was built between #agej and #agge4 #b ,the ,journal of ,john ,littlejohn1 ,,ms41 ,louisville1 ,kentucky1 ,april #bi1 #aggh4 #c ,elmer ,t4 ,clark1 ,j4 ,manning ,potts1 and ,jacob ,s4 ,payton 7eds471 ,the ,journal and ,letters of ,francis ,asbury 7,nashville3 ,abington ,press1 #aieh71 ,i1 p4 #eca4 #d ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,r-#a1 p4 #dac1 contains a deed in #aghi from ,william and ,mary ,bushby to ,john ,moss1 ,william ,adams1 ,william ,waters1 ,samuel ,adams1 ,james ,morrison1 ,william ,rhodes1 and ,william ,hickman1 and their survivors1 in trust1 conveying a lot in the town of ,alexandria1 northward from the ,presbyterian meeting house1 westward parallel with ,duke ,street1 southward parallel with ,fairfax ,street1 and eastward parallel with ,duke ,street to ,chapple ,alley to build and forever keep in good repair a house for the worship of ,god for the use of the ,reverend ,thomas ,cooke and the ,reverend ,francis ,asbury for the time being of the ,methodist ,episcopal ,church4444 #e ,fairfax ,county ,will ,book ,i1 p4 #aej4 #f ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,,aa-#b1 p4 #bi1 a lease for three lives to ,john ,moss1 dated ,may #bi1 #agih4 #g ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,r-#a1 p4 #cig4 #h ,mrs4 ,don ,c4 ,ritchie1 letter dated ,october #ag1 #aifi4 #i ,ibid4 #aj ,william ,w4 ,hening 7ed471 ,virginia ,statutes at ,large1 #ahbc1 reprint edition 7,charlottesville3 ,university ,press of ,virginia1 #aifi71 ,,vii1 p4 #cb4 #aa ,albert ,porter1 ,county ,government in ,virginia 7,new ,york3 ,columbia ,university ,press1 #aidg71 p4 #ahf4 #ab ,fairfax ,county ,court ,minute ,book1 ,march #bc1 #aghf1 p4 #aia4 ,subsequently ,john ,moss was reappointed ,commissioner of the ,land ,tax in #aghg1 #agib1 and #agic4 #ac ,hening1 ,statutes1 ,,xii1 p4 #bdc4 #ad ,fairfax ,county ,court ,order ,book1 #aghg 7,february #bj and ,october #ae1 #aghg73 ,john ,moss1 ,gent41 ,commissioner for ,fairfax district produced on oath an account against the ,commonwealth for his service in that capacity amounting to ,twenty-five pounds thirteen shillings and six pence1 which being examined by the court is allowed and ordered to be certified4 #ae ,shepherd1 ,code1 ,i1 p4 #aad4 #af ,porter1 ,county ,government1 p4 #baa4 #ag ,shepherd1 ,code1 ,,iii1 p4 #bfb4 #ah ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,y-#a1 p4 #fi4 #ai ,shepherd1 ,code1 ,i1 p4 #aa4 #bj ,f4 ,johnston1 ,memorials of ,old ,virginia ,clerks 7,lynchburg3 ,j4 ,p4 ,bell1 #ahhj71 p4 #agb4 ,alexandria ,gazette1 ,october #d1 #ahci4 ,the obituary notice for ,thomas ,moss states that he died on ,october #b after a long illness1 having been a ,justice of the ,peace for many years1 and also having served as a member of the ,state ,legislature and as county court clerk4 ,the ,archives of the ,virginia ,house of ,delegates show that ,thomas ,moss was a ,delegate from ,fairfax ,county for the #ahbh-ahbi biennium4 7,honorable ,george ,rich1 ,january #b1 #aigj2 personal communication47 #ba ,k4 ,m4 ,willis1 ,old ,fairfax ,homes ,give ,up ,a ,secret1 ,american ,motorist1 ,may #aicb1 p4 #af2 ,johnston1 ,clerks1 p4 #agd4 #bb ,m4 ,herndon1 ,tobacco in ,colonial ,virginia 7,williamsburg3 ,virginia #cejth ,celebration ,corp41 #aieg71 pp4 #g-h1 indicates that tobacco was introduced into ,northern ,virginia by the settlers who moved into the ,rappahannock and ,potomac areas around #afej4 ,by the end of the seventeenth century1 ,herndon states1 tobacco farming dominated the lowlands all along the ,rappahannock and ,potomac ,rivers below the fall line4 ,f4 ,harrison1 ,landmarks of ,old ,prince ,william 7,berryville3 ,chesapeake ,book ,co41 #aifd71 pp4 #adh-aej4 ,also to be noted is the fact that settlement above the fall line was not permitted prior to #agbb because of treaty provisions with the ,iroquois4 ,by the ,treaty of ,albany in #agbb1 the ,iroquois withdrew west of the ,blue ,ridge4 #bc ,herndon1 ,tobacco1 pp4 #ad-af1 cites introduction of plant bedding practices1 use of animal-drawn plows instead of hand hoes1 and improved methods of curing tobacco as responsible for increasing the yield of the tobacco farm4 #bd ,ibid41 p4 #aj4 #be ,frederick ,gutheim4 ,the ,potomac 7,new ,york3 ,grosset ,dunlap1 #aifh71 p4 #ih4 #bf ,r4 ,b4 ,davis1 ,intellectual ,life in ,jefferson's ,virginia 7,chapel ,hill3 ,university of ,north ,carolina ,press1 #aifd71 p4 #afg1 notes that in #aggc the ,society for the ,advancement of ,useful ,knowledge was formed in ,williamsburg1 followed by the ,philadelphia ,agricultural ,society in #aghj1 and the ,richmond ,society for ,promoting ,agriculture in #ahaj1 all dedicated to working for the improvement of farming4 #bg ,a list of these writings on agriculture was compiled by ,e4 ,g4 ,swern in #aiac and published by the ,virginia ,state ,library4 #bh ,davis1 ,intellectual ,life1 pp4 #aei-afj1 #afg4 ,among the inventions of the ,mc,cormick family were threshing machines1 hydraulic machines1 a hemp-brake1 blacksmith's bellows1 and self-stoppers for grist mills4 ,other patents issued to ,virginians dealt with plows1 grain screens1 rice hullers1 hemp and flax breakers1 corn shellers1 beehives1 clover seed cleaners and gatherers1 tobacco presses1 and corn grinders4 #bi ,ibid41 p4 #aef4 ,see also ,status of ,virginia ,agriculture in #ahgj in ,report of the ,commissioner of ,agriculture1 #ahgj 7,washington1 ,d4,c43 ,government ,printing ,office1 #ahga71 pp4 #bfg-bfh4 #cj ,davis1 ,intellectual ,life1 p4 #aea4 #ca ,ibid41 pp4 #aed-aef4 #cb ,dr4 ,john ,schlebecker1 ,curator1 ,division of ,agriculture and ,mining1 ,museum of ,history and ,technology1 ,smithsonian ,institution1 ,washington1 ,d4,c41 interview4 ,dr4 ,schlebecker was of the opinion that the price which this blower brought suggested it might be animal-powered by a treadmill or overhead sweep4 ,wheat fans were relatively new types of equipment in #ahce1 but not uncommon among successful farmers4 #cc ,ibid4 ,schlebecker discussed the possibility of dairying as follows3 ,it's very likely he was in the business4 ,now whether it was butter or cheese--butter would pay better1 and he is pretty close to ,alexandria and ,washington1 and1 for that matter1 by sea to ,baltimore4 ,butter would have been the more attractive of the commodities2 cheese would keep better1 could be shipped farther and find a greater variety of markets1 but wouldn't pay quite as well4 ,but ,i don't see evidence he was in the cheese business1 and ,i'd be happier if ,i saw more churns on the list1 or if the churn were better described4 ,one churn would be enough if it were big enough4 ,and it could very well be run by a sheep or a dog4 ,you see1 he's certainty got enough cows to be in the dairy business1 willy nilly4 7,transcription of tape-recorded interview with ,john ,schlebecker1 ,february #bf1 #aifi1 p4 #f47 #cd ,ibid4 ,see also inventory in appendix ,b4 #ce ,alexandria ,gazette1 ,november #f1 #ahci1 notice of sale4 #cf ,alfred ,moss and ,thomas ,love1 affidavit of ,october #bi1 #ahci1 in proceedings to sell the farm owned by ,thomas ,moss1 deceased4 #cg ,the wills and property inventories of members of the ,moss family reveal much information that helps reconstruct the activity on their farm4 ,considering the equipment used1 the products grown and processed1 and the number of slaves reported1 it is possible that between the #ahbj's and #ahej's the farm was also engaged in breeding slaves for export to the rice and indigo plantations of ,south ,carolina and the cotton plantations of ,alabama and ,mississippi4 ,a certain amount of this traffic was also carried on locally4 ,u4,s4 ,census population records compiled from #ahaj through #ahej show that slaveholding continued at a high level relative to other changing circumstances in agriculture and in the ,moss family4 ,see census records for ,fairfax ,county in ,national ,archives1 ,microfilm ,division1 ,microcopy ,roll #fh 7#ahaj71 #acg 7#ahbj71 #bja 7#ahcj71 #eeh 7#ahdj71 #idb 7#ahej74 #ch ,these roads were the ,dumfries and ,falmouth ,roads via ,ashby's ,gap1 the ,colchester ,road via ,williams' ,gap1 and the ,alexandria ,road via ,vestal's ,gap4 ,their origins and early history are given in ,harrison1 ,landmarks1 pp4 #dff-dhd4 #ci ,davis1 ,intellectual ,life1 p4 #aeb1 and ,a4 ,hulbert1 ,the ,paths of ,inland ,commerce 7,new ,haven3 ,yale ,university1 #aiba71 pp4 #dd-ee4 ,the situation appeared to improve little during the nineteenth century1 for in #ahid the ,virginia ,good ,roads ,convention called the ,american rural roads far below the average and certainly are among the worst in the civilized world and always have been largely as a result of permitting local circumstances to determine the location with little or no regard for any general system1 and haste and waste and ignorance in building4 ,virginia ,good ,roads ,convention1 ,programme 7,richmond3 ,stone ,printing ,co41 #ahid71 p4 #bd4 #dj ,the act incorporating the ,fairfax and ,loudoun ,turnpike ,road ,company authorized construction and operation of an artificial road from ,alexandria to the ,little ,river4 ,laws1 #agie1 c4 #ca 7,december #bf1 #agie74 ,shepherd's ,statutes 7,richmond3 ,shepherd1 #ahcf71 ,i1 p4 #cgh4 ,the successor company1 known as the ,little ,river ,turnpike ,company1 was incorporated by legislation enacted in #ahjb and #ahjc4 ,laws1 #ahja1 c4 #hc 7,january #bh1 #ahjb7 and ,laws1 #ahjb1 c4 #eb 7,january #ai1 #ahjc71 ,shepherd's ,statutes1 ,,ii1 p4 #chc1 #deb4 ,the extension into ,fauquier ,county was authorized by the incorporation of the ,fauquier and ,alexandria ,turnpike ,company1 designed to build an artificial turnpike road from ,fauquier ,court ,house to ,buckland farm1 or ,buckland town1 and thence to the ,little ,river ,turnpike road1 at the most suitable point for affording a convenient way from ,fauquier ,court ,house to ,alexandria4 ,laws1 #ahjg1 c4 #bg 7,january #bg1 #ahjh71 ,shepherd's ,statutes1 ,,iii1 p4 #cgi4 #da ,alexandria ,gazette1 ,may #bc1 #ahji4 ,the extension was built by the ,fauquier and ,alexandria ,turnpike ,road ,company1 and was constructed from the ,little ,river ,turnpike at ,fairfax ,courthouse1 through ,centreville and ,buckland1 to ,fauquier ,county ,courthouse 7,warrenton74 #db ,annual ,report of the ,president and ,directors of the ,board of ,public ,works to the ,general ,assembly of ,virginia1 ,richmond1 #ahah1 p4 #cd2 #ahai1 p4 #cc2 #ahbj1 p4 #gf4 #dc ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,h-#c1 p4 #bbf1 ,may #bh1 #ahdc4 #dd ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,w-#c1 pp4 #dbd-dbe1 ,september #aj1 #ahee4 #de ,hannah ,c4 ,o',brien v4 ,john ,w4 ,green1 et4 al41 ,fairfax ,county1 ,virginia ,county ,court1 ,suspended ,file ,no4 #aj1 #ahgh4 ,,ii4 ,,orchard ,,and ,,dairy3 ,,fountain ,,beattie 7#ahgh-aiag7 ,,northern ,,virginia',s ,,agriculture ,,in ,,the #ahgj',s4 ,by #ahgj1 ,virginia farmers were beginning to recover from the recent war which had completely disrupted normal agricultural activity4 ,the effects of the war had been felt keenly in ,northern ,virginia where the conflict had not been marked by many of the major battles but had nevertheless afflicted the area with four years of constant raiding and skirmishing4 ,the resultant toll of horses1 mules1 cattle1 and livestock and the dearth of farm machinery were major handicaps facing the farmer1 as were his lack of capital with which to purchase supplies and equipment from outside his area and the general shortage of labor4#df ,these shortages were overcome slowly4 ,some materials for beginning to rebuild the war damage were readily available from military supplies immediately after the close of hostilities2 and1 in this respect1 ,northern ,virginia was fortunate to be within a few miles of the ,union ,army supply depots in ,alexandria and ,washington1 ,d4,c4 ,but1 as the confused era of reconstruction set in1 the farmer was thrown mainly on his own resources of land and labor to rebuild his fortunes4 ,poor as his prospects might seem to be1 the ,northern ,virginia farmer had certain advantages that farmers in other parts of the state lacked4 ,the farmland was by no means barren or exhausted1 although it had been worked steadily during the previous decade when all efforts turned to producing the maximum amount of food for subsistence and no thought could be given to maintaining or enhancing the fertility of the soil4#dg ,also1 ,fairfax ,county farmers had relatively easy access to the produce markets of ,washington and ,baltimore1 both by water and overland transportation4#dh ,illustration3 ,figure #d4 ,hopkins' ,atlas ,map1 #ahgi4 ,moreover1 agriculture in ,northern ,virginia had not been dominated by the plantation system since the mid-eighteenth century4 ,by #ahgj1 even the great landholdings which had been carved out of the original proprietary grants had given way to a third generation of farms1 still smaller in size and more diversified4 ,while the owners of these ,northern ,virginia farms had1 in many instances1 owned slaves before the war1 their dependence on this source of labor was not as critical as in other parts of ,virginia--notably1 the regions where tobacco was king4 ,thus1 when the great political convulsion which culminated in the disruption of the labor system of the ,state#di compelled ,southern farmers generally to rebuild their system with different forms of labor and land tenure1 ,fairfax ,county farmers found themselves able to adjust to the new circumstances with relative ease once they were able to acquire tools and livestock4 ,at this time1 as before the war1 they benefited greatly from the presence among them of a group of thrifty and industrious farm families who migrated from ,new ,york and ,new ,jersey1 bringing with them new energy1 new capital1 and new methods of farming from the diversified agricultural regions of the ,north4#ej ,in addition1 there was abroad in ,virginia in #ahgj a strong spirit for revival of its agriculture1 looking not only to securing the advantages which scientific husbandry could bring through restored fertility of the soil but also to realization of the ,jeffersonian dream of a strong1 stable1 and independent class of ,american yeomanry owning and working its own land4#ea ,soon after the commencement of reconstruction1 organizations patterned after the various scientific farming societies of the #ahcj's began to appear and agricultural newspapers1 such as ,the ,southern ,farmer1 resumed publication and circulation in ,northern ,virginia4 ,these two sources called strongly for ,virginia farmers to change their traditional ways of farming for modern methods and modern farm implements4#eb ,as the #ahgj's advanced1 these sources were joined by the ,state ,government1 which provided a certain amount of assistance for modernization of ,virginia agriculture4#ec ,,mosby',s ,,lieutenant4 ,it was in this setting that ,fountain ,beattie became the owner of ,green ,spring ,farm in ,june #ahgh when he purchased the #cci-;acre tract through a commissioner's deed approved by the ,county ,court4#ed ,fountain ,beattie was the son of ,colonel ,robert ,beattie and ,pauline ,white ,beattie of ,chilhowie in ,washington ,county1 ,virginia4 ,in #ahfa1 he enlisted in the ,first ,virginia ,cavalry at ,abingdon and there made the acquaintance of ,john ,s4 ,mosby4 ,they became good friends1 and when ,mosby received his separate command1 he took ,beattie with him4#ee ,during the next three years1 ,beattie rode with ,mosby in campaigns that crossed and recrossed ,northern ,virginia4#ef ,illustration3 ,figure #e4 c4 #ahhe1 ,fountain ,beattie and ,annie ,hathaway ,beattie4 ,illustration3 ,the ,mosby and ,beattie ,families1 c4 #ahij ,illustration3 ,the ,old ,stone ,spring ,house ,illustration3 ,the ,lane to ,green ,spring ,farm ,whether ,fountain ,beattie saw or visited ,green ,spring ,farm during these rides with ,mosby's battalion is not certain4 ,there is reason to think he may have been in the neighborhood because of references to engagements at such places as ,billy ,gooding's tavern on the ,little ,river ,turnpike1 #aj miles from ,alexandria4#eg ,moreover1 he may have heard of the farm from one of the descendants of its owners1 since on one occasion he escaped imminent disaster only through the intervention of one ,thomas ,moss of ,alexandria4#eh ,be that as it may1 the region must have made a strong impression on him because1 after moving several times in the years following the war1 it was in ,fairfax ,county that ,fountain ,beattie and his family finally settled4 ,money for the purchase of ,green ,spring ,farm in #ahgh came from ,mrs4 ,beattie's inheritance following the sale of ,western ,view1 the homestead of her deceased parents1 located in ,fauquier ,county4#ei ,at that time1 ,green ,spring ,farm was available for purchase through the ,county ,court1 which had ordered it sold to satisfy the judgment for debt against ,matthew ,o',brien4#fj ,,orchard ,,and ,,dairy4 ,fountain ,beattie's selection of ,green ,spring ,farm appears to have been made with an eye to its proximity to the ,little ,river ,turnpike and the old ,columbia ,turnpike 7now ,route #gab74 ,increasingly1 the farmers of the ,piedmont region of ,virginia were feeling the competition of farmers in the ,shenandoah ,valley and outside the state in the production of wheat and corn4 ,this competition was made possible when railroads connected the ,valley of ,virginia and the farmlands of the great midwestern prairie states with the markets of the eastern cities4 ,farmers in the middle and ,northern ,virginia no longer enjoyed the advantages they once had in shipping wheat and corn to these markets4#fa ,more and more in the last quarter of the nineteenth century1 ,northern ,virginia farmers planted corn1 wheat1 and other grains for use as livestock feed rather than sale in the grain market4 ,illustration3 ,figure #f4 ,john ,singleton ,mosby4 ,like many other ,fairfax ,county farmers1 ,fountain ,beattie found that he was better off to abandon diversified farming in favor of crops with respect to which he still enjoyed natural advantages4 ,thus1 during the last quarter of the nineteenth century1 ,green ,spring ,farm is identified with dairy products and orchard and garden produce--all commodities which had to be marketed the same day they were produced or picked or which could be made into derivative products which could be easily transported to market and sold at prices which reflected value added by processing4 ,transportation1 however1 was a key factor4 ,virginia's country roads were publicly acknowledged to be in a lamentable condition1 and over even the best of them travel often was impossible in wet seasons of the year4#fb ,in this respect1 the ,little ,river ,turnpike was one of the best of ,virginia's rural roads1 having been laid out and constructed by professional engineers and maintained by hired labor with even more care and regularity than the public roads4 ,in ,beattie's day1 as in ,moss's time1 the turnpike was the main road between ,alexandria and ,fairfax1 the county seat1 and thence to the ,valley4 ,all these considerations led ,fountain ,beattie to direct his main effort to expansion of the orchards and herd of dairy cattle as rapidly as it was feasible4 ,year around1 the farm was a busy place1 with work enough for all of the ,beatties' #ab children--six boys and six girls--as well as their parents and hired hands4 ,daily chores1 including milking and churning1 went on all year1 for the farm generally had numerous cows1 horses1 and mules4 ,there was also a certain amount of grain to be raised each year for livestock feed1 and a large vegetable garden4 ,fruit trees included pears1 cherries1 and apples in two #be-;acre orchards--one located on each side of the ,turnpike--which provided the principal produce of the farm4 ,farm produce was regularly marketed in ,washington1 ,alexandria1 and local grocery stores1 as well as at a roadside stand during the harvest season4#fc ,illustration3 ,reunion at ,manassas3 ,colonel ,john ,s4 ,mosby visits ,bull ,run for the first time since the war4 ,pictured are 7left to right7 ,fountain ,beattie1 ,lycurgus ,hutchison1 ,john ,mosby1 and ,george ,turberville4 ,the markets of ,washington were only about nine miles from ,green ,spring ,farm1 but on market days it was customary for the farm wagons of the neighborhood to be loaded and on the road well before dawn4 ,the ,washington city wholesale market opened at #c ,a4,m4 each weekday1 and farmers who came there sold directly from their wagons or from stalls to a milling crowd of brokers1 wholesalers1 retail grocers1 hotelmen1 and boardinghouse keepers4 ,most produce was sold by #g ,a4,m4 and the farmer who did not sell out by that time generally had to sell at a sacrifice price or else remain in the market throughout the day1 selling at retail to customers who attended the market later in the day4#fd ,with luck1 therefore1 the market produce farmer from ,northern ,virginia might expect to be on his way home by noon4 ,not all of ,fountain ,beattie's orchard produce1 however1 went to the market in this way4 ,the spring house on the farm contained presses1 storage facilities1 and other equipment needed to make apple cider1 applejack1 and apple and peach brandy4 ,apples picked in the ripening season were stored in large barrels until the fall and winter months1 at which time they were made into fermented or distilled beverages4 ,according to his descendants1 ,beattie operated a licensed distillery and made brandies at the farm4 ,beattie's livestock operations at the farm ended in tragedy one day when he returned home to find that his barn had caught fire and been completely destroyed4 ,the contents of the barn1 which included all of his livestock and much of the farm equipment1 were also lost4 ,only the horse he was riding at the time remained to start rebuilding the farm4 ,as matters turned out1 too much had been lost2 ,fountain ,beattie never did more than acquire a few horses to perform the most necessary tasks4 ,the dairy herds and field crops were never developed to the thriving level of activity which typified the #ahhj's and #ahij's4#fe ,,politics ,,and ,,public ,,service4 ,the close association of ,fountain ,beattie and ,john ,s4 ,mosby during the war years 7#ahfa-fe7 lasted through the years of peace that followed4 ,the two men apparently thought alike in political matters2 and1 in the election of #ahgb1 they campaigned for ,general ,grant4 ,shortly afterward1 ,beattie was appointed ,deputy ,collector of ,internal ,revenue for the ,sixth ,district of ,virginia4 ,following ,hayes' election as ,president1 ,mosby received an appointment as ,consul in ,hong ,kong where he served until #ahhe4ff ,fountain ,beattie's record with the ,internal ,revenue ,service shows that he served from #ahge to #aiad and suggests that he settled in or near ,alexandria several years before he purchased ,green ,spring ,farm4#fg ,he was reappointed in #ahhe following the brief return of the ,democratic ,party to power under ,grover ,cleveland's administration4 ,beattie's official file in the ,treasury ,department's personnel records is a resume of basic statistics--dates of appointments1 promotions1 oaths of office1 and salaries4 ,although ,northern ,virginia seemed to be little affected by events on the national and world stage at this time1 it was on the move in its own way4 ,in ,beattie's time this region became linked to other major regions by the coming of the ,southern ,railway system2 and the advent of the high-speed electric commuter train and its network of tracks commenced the inexorable process of creating the interdependent economic unity of ,northern ,virginia and ,washington1 ,d4,c4 ,these were also the years of ,jackson ,city in ,arlington1 and the crusade of law enforcement aimed at cleaning up this center of gambling1 drinking1 and general sinfulness4#fh ,for ,fountain ,beattie1 these years of ,federal service must have brought back memories of his war years with ,mosby4 ,although he carried on his duties as tax collector from an office in the ,alexandria ,post ,office1 he continued to live at ,green ,spring ,farm and he regularly traversed roads and places he had visited as a soldier4 ,when ,mosby returned from his tour as ,consul in ,hong ,kong and became an attorney for the ,justice ,department1 he and ,beattie apparently saw a great deal of each other and their friendship extended to their families who also frequently exchanged visits4 ,beattie named one of his sons after his friend1 and ,john ,mosby ,beattie recalls these times with feelings of fondness4 ,,green ,,spring ,,farm ,,and ,,annandale4 ,when ,beattie purchased ,green ,spring ,farm1 the activity on the farm was oriented toward the markets of ,georgetown1 ,alexandria1 ,washington1 and ,baltimore4 ,the community of ,annandale1 a little over two miles up the ,little ,river ,turnpike to the west1 had not yet become a center of commerce4 ,in #ahgi1 the map showed a post office1 a toll gate1 a store1 a ,methodist church1 and a few residences clustered at a crossroads4#fi ,this crossroads location became increasingly important during the last quarter of the nineteenth century2 and1 like other perceptive people of the area1 ,fountain ,beattie and his family began to swing the orientation of their activities around from an exclusive focus on ,alexandria and ,washington to take part in the growth of ,fairfax ,county4 ,at the turn of the century1 ,annandale had a population of #ej people4 ,in addition to the toll house1 church1 post office1 and store1 the community now could list a hardware store1 lumberyard1 blacksmith1 farm machinery store1 and sawmill4#gj ,the sawmill was owned by ,beattie's son and namesake1 ,fountain ,beattie1 and presumably was operated as a family enterprise in the same manner as the farm4 ,,ii4 ,,orchard ,,and ,,dairy3 ,,fountain ,,beattie 7#ahgh-aiag7 #df ,a4 ,w4 ,moger1 ,the ,rebuilding of the ,old ,dominion 7,new ,york3 ,columbia ,university1 #aidj71 p4 #df4 ,citing census data1 the thesis notes that the value of farm implements and machinery on farms in ,virginia and ,west ,virginia combined was only two-thirds of what it was in ,virginia in #ahfj1 while the value of livestock in the two states was only four-fifths of that in ,virginia in #ahfj4 ,not until #ahhj did the number of cattle and not until after the turn of the century did the number of swine in ,virginia and ,west ,virginia equal the number in the ,old ,dominion before the war4 #dg ,status of ,virginia ,agriculture in #ahgj1 in ,report of the ,commissioner of ,agriculture1 #ahgj 7,washington1 ,d4,c43 ,government ,printing ,office1 #ahga71 pp4 #bfg-bia1 #bgc1 #bia4 #dh ,virginia ,good ,roads ,convention1 ,programme 7,richmond3 ,stone ,printing ,co41 #ahid74 ,while railroad and water transportation were available from ,alexandria to major metropolitan markets for farm products1 the farmer faced the obstacles of traversing ,virginia's notoriously poor farm-to-market roads4 #di ,report of the ,commissioner of ,agriculture1 #ahgj1 p4 #bfh4 #ej ,r4 ,h4 ,abbott1 ,yankee ,farmers in ,northern ,virginia3 #ahdj-ahfj1 ,virginia ,magazine of ,history and ,biography1 v4 #gf1 ,no4 #a1 pp4 #ef-ff 7,january #aifh74 ,see also the ,report of the ,commissioner of ,agriculture1 #ahgj1 p4 #bia1 which states a striking mark of progress is the change of the policy of the planters toward the outside world4 ,formerly they were indisposed to encourage immigration from other ,states4 ,there was1 therefore1 no accession to the population of the rural district from abroad4 ,the same traditions and habits descended from father to son through successive generations4 ,now all this is altered4 ,strangers from every ,state and every country are cordially welcomed whenever they show any disposition to become permanent settlers and industrious citizens4 ,the consequence is that in many counties a strong tide of immigration is setting in1 bearing with it improved stock and better implements1 which cannot fail to impart a healthy impulse to improvement4 #ea ,moger1 ,rebuilding1 p4 #de4 ,see remarks of ,governor ,henry ,wise in #ahfg and ,a4 ,h4 ,h4 ,stuart in #ahff1 cited therein4 #eb ,w4 ,fullerton1 ,address to ,piedmont ,agricultural ,society1 ,october #ah1 #ahgf4 ,speaking to the ,society in #ahfg1 ,william ,fullerton of ,new ,york chided ,virginians by asserting that there is no other calling in life in which there is manifested such an indifference to new discoveries1 as is seen among the tillers of the soil4 ,if a mechanic or manufacturer should in like manner fail to avail himself of improved implements or machinery1 he would be compelled to relinquish his business4 ,it is the farmer alone who resists anything new appertaining to his calling4 ,this arises mainly from a deep-seated prejudice to what is called scientific or book farming4 ,see also ,moger1 ,rebuilding1 p4 #ed1 citing the fact that farmers in the area of diversified agriculture1 such as ,northern ,virginia1 had the highest number of agricultural clubs1 farm newspaper subscriptions1 etc41 of all areas in ,virginia4 #ec ,main steps to assist agriculture taken by the state in the #ahgj's are summarized in ,moger1 ,rebuilding1 p4 #ed4 #ed ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,w-#d1 p4 #bga4 #ee ,j4 ,s4 ,mosby1 ,mosby's ,war ,memoirs and ,stuart's ,cavalry ,campaigns 7,new ,york3 ,pageant ,book ,co41 #aieh71 p4 #aj4 ,mosby records in his memoirs that in ,richmond1 before being sent to the ,shenandoah ,valley1 the men were issued uniforms of very rough quality from the state penitentiary4 ,there was almost a mutiny as the men piled them up in front of the captain's tent and refused to wear them--all except ,mosby and ,beattie4 ,mosby then states1 ,i do not think any clothes ,i ever wore did me more service than these4 ,when ,i became a commander1 ,i made ,beattie a lieutenant4 ,this story is corroborated in ,charles ,w4 ,russell 7ed471 ,the ,memoirs of ,colonel ,john ,s4 ,mosby 7,boston3 ,little ,brown1 #aiag71 p4 #cj4 #ef ,beattie is mentioned frequently in histories of ,mosby's campaigns4 ,in addition to the references noted above1 see ,v4 ,c4 ,jones1 ,ranger ,mosby 7,chapel ,hill1 #aidd71 and ,james ,williamson 7ed471 ,mosby's ,rangers 7,new ,york3 ,sturgis ,walton1 #aiji74 ,from #ahfa to ,july #ahfd1 ,beattie served as an enlisted man4 ,in ,july #ahfd1 a new company was organized1 and ,beattie was elected first lieutenant4 ,such regards as still exist regarding ,beattie's service with ,mosby relate to this period4 ,see ,compiled ,service ,records of ,confederate ,soldiers ,who ,served in ,organizations from ,virginia4 ,microcopy #cbd1 ,roll #bjg 7,national ,archives1 ,washington1 ,d4,c474 #eg ,williamson1 ,mosby's ,rangers1 p4 #hg4 #eh ,ibid41 pp4 #bdb-c4 ,reprints a letter from ,thomas ,moss to ,captain ,walter ,frankland describing a fight near ,front ,royal as follows3 ,we charged and routed the guards1 and ,i was fortunate in saving ,beattie's life by shooting a man who had a pistol within #ab inches of ,beattie4 ,i then caught a horse 444 and ,beattie and ,i ran down the road a short distance and went up into a piece of pine woods4 #ei ,john ,mosby ,beattie1 ,august #bb1 #aifh1 interview4 ,fountain ,beattie's wife1 ,annie ,elizabeth ,hathaway1 was the daughter of ,james ,henry ,hathaway of ,western ,view in ,zula1 ,virginia1 between ,rectortown and ,middleburg in ,fauquier ,county4 ,annie ,hathaway was born and married at this home place4 ,her son1 ,john ,mosby ,beattie1 states that his father bought ,green ,spring ,farm with money realized from the sale of ,western ,view on the death of ,mrs4 ,beattie's parents4 #fj ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,w-#d1 p4 #bga4 ,also see ,hannah ,c4 ,o',brien v4 ,john ,w4 ,green1 ,fairfax ,county ,circuit ,court1 #ahgh1 ,suspended ,file ,no4 #aj4 #fa ,moger1 ,rebuilding1 p4 #ea4 #fb ,virginia ,good ,roads ,convention1 ,programme1 p4 #h4 #fc ,john ,mosby ,beattie1 ,august #bb1 #aifh1 interview4 ,john ,beattie recalls that his father1 ,fountain ,beattie1 sold garden produce to the local grocery store of one ,john ,carter1 located on the ,little ,river ,turnpike 7,route #bcf7 approximately where it now crosses ,shirley ,highway 7,i-#ie74 #fd ,w4 ,c4 ,funk1 ,an ,economic ,history of ,small ,farms near ,washington1 ,d4,c41 ,u4,s4 ,department of ,agriculture ,bulletin #hdh 7,washington1 ,d4,c43 ,government ,printing ,office1 #aibj71 pp4 #af-ag4 #fe ,john ,mosby ,beattie1 ,august #bb1 #aifh1 interview4 ,mr4 ,beattie does not recall the date of this fire1 but remembers the event vividly from his boyhood days4 #ff ,mosby served as ,consul in ,hong ,kong from #ahgh to #ahhe4 ,he was an attorney in the ,u4,s4 ,department of ,justice from #aijd to #aiaj4 #fg ,official ,register of ,officers and ,employees of the ,civil1 ,military and ,navy ,service1 issued biennially1 lists ,fountain ,beattie as an employee of the ,internal ,revenue ,service in the registers issued during the years #ahge to #aiac1 inclusive4 ,beattie's ,service ,record ,card 7,treasury ,form #dbf7 shows the first employment record date as #ahgb4 ,his appointment was discontinued in #aiad4 #fh ,e4 ,l4 ,templeman1 ,arlington ,heritage 7,arlington1 #aiei71 p4 #gd4 #fi ,atlas of ,fifteen ,miles ,around ,washington1 #ahgi4 #gj ,fairfax ,county as ,portrayed by the ,virginia ,business ,directory and ,gazetteer--#aijf4 ,published by the ,hill ,directory ,company1 ,richmond1 ,virginia1 ,yearbook of the ,historical ,society of ,fairfax ,county1 ,virginia1 v4 #aj 7#aifi71 pp4 #ib-ajd4 ,illustration3 ,front ,view ,illustration3 ,side ,view 7,west74 ,figure #g4 ,green ,spring ,farm1 #aicf4 ,photos by ,delos ,smith1 ,,habs4 ,illustration3 ,figure #h4 ,berry ,survey ,map1 #aida4 ,deed ,book ,p-#ae1 p4 #adg4 ,,iii4 ,,the ,,end ,,of ,,the ,,farming ,,era3 ,,michael ,,straight 7#aidb-aifi7 ,fountain ,beattie sold ,green ,spring ,farm in #aiag4 ,annie ,hathaway ,beattie had died the year before1 after they had moved from the farm to a house in ,alexandria4#ga ,beattie's deed to ,george ,r4 ,sims of ,florida is dated ,january #bc1 #aiag1 and conveyed the entire tract of #cci acres4#gb ,ownership changed again in #aibb1 #aibd1 and #aica1gc and ultimately led to the subdivision of the tract into smaller parcels4 ,in #aidb1 one of these parcels1 containing the farmhouse and the principal related buildings1 was purchased by ,michael and ,belinda ,straight4#gd ,the ,straights did not occupy the main farmhouse immediately but set about having certain changes made in the interior design and structure4 ,these were completed late in #aidb1 and the family moved from the cottage to the main house4#ge ,a few months later1 in ,january #aidc1 their occupancy was interrupted as ,michael ,straight was called to service in the ,u4,s4 ,army ,air ,force2 and1 during ,world ,war ,,ii1 the house was occupied by tenants4 ,the ,straights returned to ,northern ,virginia in #aidh and took up residence at the farmhouse from that time until they moved to ,georgetown in #aife4 ,upon their return to the farm in #aidh1 they also began to restore and redesign the grounds surrounding the farmhouse4 ,during the #aibj's1 when the farm was owned by ,frederick ,segesserman1 a great many boxwoods had been planted4 ,they had been raised for sale1 and in #aidh the pattern of their location on the grounds was erratic4 ,therefore1 in #aidh1 a new landscape plan was worked out by ,mrs4 ,max ,farrand1 a friend of the ,straights and the designer of the gardens at ,dumbarton ,oaks in ,georgetown4 ,under her supervision1 the boxwoods were transplanted into a great semicircle behind the house1 the level of the lawn was raised1 and retaining walls were placed at several points4 ,this area comprised the farm's only formal garden2 but1 in addition1 extensive plantings of white pine were placed as a screen between the house and the road1 and the grounds surrounding the house were planted with a variety of trees and shrubs1 including hemlocks1 cherries1 and crabapples1 and later1 lilacs1 azaleas1 and rhododendron4 ,during the years the ,straights lived at the farm1 farming operations consisted of the raising of ,hereford cattle4 ,purchasing yearlings in the markets of the lower ,shenandoah ,valley near ,winchester1 they kept this stock at the farm for fattening and resale as two-year-old beef cattle4#gf ,a variety of other animals were kept on the farm1 but these were mainly pets of the children4#gg ,in addition to their horses and dogs1 certain of the ,straights' animals acquired reputations of extraordinary extent4 ,in particular were a goat which was presented to the ,straights by the author and journalist ,eric ,sevareid1#gh a mule acquired from the ,alexandria ,,spca1 and a flock of ,canada geese which eventually became the subject of a special bulletin by the ,audubon ,society to prevent local naturalists from erroneously reporting them as migrants4#gi ,during these years of residence at ,green ,spring ,farm1 ,michael ,straight served as editor and publisher of ,the ,new ,republic magazine1 wrote three books1 and served on the governing boards of several organizations active in international affairs4#hj ,these activities brought to the farm many visitors whose accomplishments in politics1 literature1 science1 and the arts were nationally and internationally recognized4 ,some of the distinguished visitors to ,green ,spring ,farm during these years included scientists ,julian ,huxley and ,leo ,szilard1 authors ,aldous ,huxley and ,saul ,bellow1 poet ,dylan ,thomas1 ,supreme ,court ,justice ,hugo ,black1 and political leader ,hubert ,humphrey4 ,the farm also was a visiting place for distinguished journalists from all parts of the ,united ,states and many foreign countries1 including ,soviet ,russia1 when they came to ,washington4 ,an account of one of these visits1 written by one of the foreign journalists1 is set forth in appendix ,g4#ha ,the farm became well known in the community of which it was a part as it was the scene of numerous festive community gatherings when the neighbors from the immediate area joined the ,straights and their guests to celebrate such special events and holidays as the ,fourth of ,july and to enjoy dinner1 games1 and discussions under the trees4 ,with the departure of the ,straights1 active farming operations ceased4 ,during their occupancy1 fundamental changes in the character of ,northern ,virginia's development brought the era of farming to an end and ushered in an era in which this region became part of the social and economic system centered in ,washington4 ,intensive subdivision and establishment of commercial service facilities became the highest and best uses of the land as population growth in the ,national ,capital area rose at a rate which led other parts of the ,united ,states4 ,outsiders moving into ,northern ,virginia and ,washington residents seeking to move from the central city into the outskirts filled up the open spaces of ,fairfax ,county at a rate of over #a1jjj new residents per month4#hb ,along with the temptation of high land prices1 rising taxes added to the pressure on the farmer to sell out to the land developer4 ,it was said1 with much truth1 that one could not afford to be a farmer in ,fairfax ,county as the #aiej's ended and the #aifj's began4 ,for the #cc acres and buildings on ,green ,spring ,farm1 as for many other residences1 taxes rose sharply4 ,in #aidc1 the farm was evaluated at #g1hai1 and the tax bill was #aid4fi2 by #aifj1 the evaluation was #cf1jej1 and the taxes #a1cea4hh4hc ,so1 gradually1 ,green ,spring ,farm became an island of open space in a sea of houses and highways4 ,the ,little ,river ,turnpike 7,route #bcf7 was widened and modernized in #aiei4 ,in #aidh1 this road had been an #ah-;foot-wide1 two lane black-top roadway4 ,twenty years later1 it had been transformed into a #ajf-;foot-wide1 four-lane dual highway1 much of which was lined with concrete curbs and gutters to accommodate roadside commercial or residential development4 ,the old turnpike had been redesigned and1 in the late #aifj's1 carried over #bf1jjj vehicles per day4#hd ,its function as a major interregional artery of transportation had been taken over by others1 leaving to it a new role as a major connector in the network of roads and streets serving primarily local traffic4 ,in contrast to earlier times when proximity to the road was to be desired1 the attractiveness of the farmhouse in the #aifj's was enhanced by its surrounding space which furnished a shield from the highway and a setting for its activity4 ,,iii4 ,,the ,,end ,,of ,,the ,,farming ,,era3 ,,michael ,,straight 7#aidb-aifi7 #ga ,john ,mosby ,beattie1 ,march #aifi interview4 ,annie ,beattie1 afflicted with arthritis1 died in #aiaf1 after she and family had moved into ,alexandria to a house on ,peyton ,street owned by her husband1 ,fountain ,beattie1 and ,walton ,moore4 #gb ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,c-#h1 p4 #ddf4 #gc ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,y-#h1 p4 #ej2 ,j-#i1 p4 #bc2 ,x-#aj1 p4 #dac2 ,v-#aa1 p4 #ehf2 ,c-#ab1 p4 #eji4 #gd ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,p-#ae1 p4 #ade4 #ge ,michael and ,belinda ,straight1 interview ,december #h1 #aifh4 ,during the remodeling1 the ,straights lived in the spring house1 which they called ,the ,cottage4 #gf ,ibid4 ,aberdeens were also brought to the farm1 but did not thrive as well as ,herefords4 ,the ,straights' herd ranged from #ae to #be at any one time4 ,bought at weights of about #ejj pounds1 these cattle were held until they weighed #a1ajj to #a1bjj pounds and then were sold for beef4 #gg ,ibid4 ,the fondness of the ,straight children for animals drew pets from field and pond1 including rabbits1 birds1 snakes1 spiders1 and the like4 ,these were housed mainly in the enclosed side porch4 #gh ,ibid4 ,the gift goat was the subject of one of ,mr4 ,sevareid's columns entitled ,it is ,more ,blessed to ,give ,than to ,receive4 ,during his stay at ,green ,spring ,farm1 the goat established a reputation for eating various valuable articles 7such as a canvas automobile top7 and ringing a number of the fruit trees4 #gi ,ibid4 ,the flock of ,canada geese started from a pair that was attracted to one of the farm ponds1 which in earlier times had been used to furnish ice for the farm4 ,as the flock of geese grew1 it ceased to migrate1 and frequented the ,straights' pond and nearby ,lake ,barcroft4 #hj ,who's ,who in ,america1 #aiff-aifg1 contains the following information on ,mr4 ,straight3 ,in #aidc1 he wrote ,make ,this the ,last ,war2 in #aied1 ,trial by ,television2 in #aifj1 ,carrington2 and in #aifc1 ,a ,very ,small ,remnant4 ,in #aidc1 he also served as ,vice ,president of the ,fight for ,freedom2 and in #aidf-aidg as ,secretary of the ,emergency ,committee of ,atomic ,scientists4 #ha ,michael and ,belinda ,straight1 interview ,december #h1 #aifh4 ,this visit occurred when ,mr4 ,straight was actively engaged in editing and publishing ,the ,new ,republic and had occasion1 from time to time1 for journalistic contacts in the ,soviet ,embassy4 ,from one of these contacts the suggestion was made that a group of ,soviet ,russian journalists touring the ,united ,states might be interested in visiting ,green ,spring ,farm4 #hb ,fairfax ,county ,division of ,planning1 ,august #aifi4 #hc ,fairfax ,county ,tax ,books1 #aidc1 #aifj4 ,the #aifh evaluation1 at #dj percent of market value1 was #ic1dae1 and the total tax was #d1jaf4he4 ,in #aibc1 when the property consisted of #ccb acres and was owned by ,j4 ,m4 ,duncan1 it was valued at #h1bdj1 and the taxes were #bj4fj4 #hd ,resident ,engineer1 ,virginia ,department of ,highways1 ,fairfax1 ,virginia4 ,august #aifi4 ,,architectural ,,history ,,and ,,description3 ,,the ,,mansion ,,house ,,general ,,setting4 ,green ,spring ,farm is located in ,mason ,magisterial ,district1 approximately one-eighth mile north of ,little ,river ,turnpike and one-eighth mile east of ,braddock ,road4 ,via the ,little ,river ,turnpike1 the farm is approximately six miles west of ,alexandria and approximately two miles east of ,annandale4 ,the terrain in the vicinity of the farm is mainly flat1 with some very gentle rolling areas4 ,it is well watered1 being crossed by ,turkey ,cock ,run4 ,during #aidf-ej1 three ponds were dug in back of the house4 ,they are spring-fed1 and their runoff drains into ,turkey ,cock ,run4 ,with the original forest cover cleared off at least #bjj years ago1 the present clusters of pine and oak1 and the incidence of hemlock1 cherry1 crabapple1 and other flowering species1 represent a reforestation several generations removed from the original1 and1 in other instances1 the landscaping done by the ,straights in the late #aidj's4 ,,house ,,site4 ,the mansion house faces south and is connected with the ,little ,river ,turnpike by a black-top 7asphalt-surfaced7 road which passes on the west side of the house and runs north to ,braddock ,road4 ,inside the post and rail fence1 alongside this road1 the driveway up to the house is lined with trees1 and the yard in front of the house is open and flat4 ,between the lawn and the road1 a line of cedars in the fence row serves as a screen4 ,the back 7north side7 of the house faces a semicircular open grass lawn1 bordered with hedges which provide both a screen for the lawn and a background for several stone carvings and cement castings which decorate a lawn approximately #a1ejj square feet in size4 ,at the northeast corner of this open space is located the log cabin2 beyond the log cabin1 approximately #aaj feet in a northeasterly direction1 is the barn1 which is converted into living quarters4#he ,northwest of the main house1 facing on ,green ,spring ,road1 is the spring house4 ,originally built over a series of natural springs in order to have water for cooling dairy products1 this stone house was converted into a small dwelling house by the ,straights in #aidb4 ,,general ,,architectural ,,design ,,and ,,history4 ,in its present condition1 the mansion house at ,green ,spring ,farm cannot be considered to represent any particular period of ,american architecture4 ,the original core of the building illustrates a design which was typical of the colonial era in ,tidewater ,virginia4 ,this portion of the house is of brick construction1 two stories plus attic and cellar1 with the rooms in each end of the house separated by a center hallway4 ,large chimneys at each end of the house made possible heating by fireplaces in each room4 ,it seems probable that this structure formed the core of the mansion house when it was occupied by the ,moss family 7#aggj's to #ahce74 ,to this core1 various outbuildings and dependencies were added2 a separate cookhouse or kitchen annex to the main house was one of these related structures1 as were the family's sanitary facilities4 ,clothes washing1 churning1 candlemaking1 and various other household tasks were also performed in separate buildings4 ,no direct evidence of the appearance of the main house or the various related outbuildings has been discovered2 some inferences about these matters may be drawn from the inventory of personal property sold from the farm at auction in #ahce and a drawing of the house on an #ahdj survey 7figure #b74 ,photographs of the south side of the house show the building as it appeared in #ahhe 7figure #e74 ,at this time1 a one-story porch had been built across the entire length of the front4 ,the entry into the house across this porch was open1 but on each side of the front door the porch was enclosed1 making small rooms approximately #i by #ab feet in size4 ,from each room a door opened out onto the porch4 ,the porch was roofed with sheet metal1 and carved wooden brackets were in the corners of the center section 7figure #e74 ,a sidewalk led from the entrance in the center of the ivy-covered front porch straight across the spacious1 shaded lawn4 ,photographs in #aicf show the front porch removed but with clear signs of its recent presence showing in the whitewash on the front wall of the house 7figure #g74 ,at this time1 the roof of the main house was sheet metal in place of the earlier use of shingles4 ,however1 shingles still constituted the roofing of the dependency on the east end of the house4 ,the #ahhe photographs show a one-story brick addition on the east end of the house4 ,this was a kitchen1 built sometime after the main portion of the house but still probably in the first half of the nineteenth century4 ,the notice of sale of the farm following ,thomas ,moss's death in #ahce speaks of a ,brick ,dwelling1 containing eight rooms1 ,brick ,kitchen1 ,meat ,house1 ,servants' ,house1 444 and other farm and outbuildings4#hf ,of all the buildings mentioned in this notice1 the kitchen appears to be the most logical and appropriate use for this addition4 ,later occupants of the house 7#ahhj-aiag7 used this wing for a kitchen and describe it as not only the center for preparation of food but for numerous other household activities1 such as candlemaking4#hg ,the arrangement of rooms during the nineteenth century is not known with certainty4 ,the #ahci reference to eight rooms suggests that as originally built the house had four rooms on each floor1 with perhaps no effort to use the attic as living space1 at least until the time of ,fountain ,beattie who added dormers to the attic and used this top floor to help accommodate his large family4 ,this inference is strengthened by the fact that prior to the #aidj's the central core of the house was laid out in this manner4 ,illustration3 ,figure #aj4 ,,green ,,spring ,,farm ,,mansion ,,house1 ,floor ,plans1 #aifi ,the major renovation of the house in the early #aidj's was planned and carried out by ,walter ,macomber and resulted in the addition of a wing on the west end of the central block 7in which a new kitchen was installed71 conversion of the old kitchen wing on the east end of the central core into a living room with a small sunporch attached1 rearrangement of the stairways and central hallway1 and certain other interior changes4 ,this involved removal of substantial amounts of the original materials in the house and replacement by material considered to be suitable in terms of age and texture4 ,these changes are reflected in the exterior appearance and interior room arrangement of the house at the present time4 ,further structural changes were made in #aifj4 ,at this time it was discovered that the second floor was sagging because of the removal of bearing walls in #aidb when the first floor was converted from four rooms into two4#hh ,this situation was corrected by pouring concrete footings in the basement and setting in them a series of steel columns4 ,these columns ran up through the wall on the west side of the central hallway and were topped by a steel beam running the width of the house4 ,the joists for the second floor were anchored in this new beam4#hi ,at the same time this structural reinforcement was being added1 several closets1 cabinets1 and bookcases were built into the rooms on the second floor and attic1 making use of space under the eaves4 ,the remodeling done in #aifj was designed and supervised by ,keyes1 ,lethbridge ,condon1 ,washington architects4 ,at the present time1 the exterior fabric appears to be sound and well maintained4 ,on the interior1 a certain amount of deterioration is evidenced in the looseness of the joints in the flooring and stairs and in the uneven settling of door frames in the original portion of the house4 ,the grounds adjacent to the house are in good condition and appear to be well maintained4 ,,technical ,,description--,,exterior4 ,overall ,dimensions4 ,width3 #gh feet by #be feet in central section1 and #bj feet in wings4 ,height3 central section1 two and one-half stories2 wings1 one and one-half stories2 sunporch1 one story4 ,foundations4 ,the central section of the house stands on brick foundations which are carried up through the basement walls4 ,a brick wall extending upward to the second floor divides the basement into two sections and served as part of the original foundations4 ,in the basement1 a series of arches in this wall permitted passage between the two sections4 ,in #aifj1 the upper portions of this wall were found to have deteriorated to the point that it was necessary to pour concrete footings in the basement and erect a series of steel columns up through the wall to relieve it from bearing the weight of the second-floor beams and floor joists4 ,the east wing 7present living room1 former kitchen7 rests on brick foundations1 with the present wooden flooring laid over the original cobblestone floor of the old kitchen4 ,the west wing 7present kitchen7 rests on concrete footings and slab at grade4 ,wall ,construction4 ,walls are constructed of medium red brick 7#c by #i by #ab inches71 using the following bonds3 central block front--,flemish bond2 central block rear--,english bond2 central block end walls--,english bond2 east wing--,american or common bond1 with seven courses of stretchers to each course of headers2 west wing--,american or common bond1 with six courses of stretchers to each course of headers4 ,chimneys4 ,interior brick chimneys are located in the center of the east and west ends of the central block4 ,these chimneys have separate flues for four fireplaces 7two each on the first and second floors7 and measure #e feet by #b feet #h inches4 ,three courses of brick are corbelled to make the capping of the chimneys4 ,the end walls of the east and west wings of the house also each have an interior chimney centered in the wall4 ,the chimney in the east wing1 measuring #c feet by #a foot #h inches and having three courses of brick corbelled for a capping1 was used for the fireplace in the old kitchen which occupied that part of the house prior to #aidb4 ,doors and ,doorways4 ,the front doorway is inset 7#a foot #h inches7 in an entrance faced with white painted wooden panels4 ,the entrance is framed by a plain triangular pediment and pilasters without decorations on either shafts or capitals4 ,the front door is a six-panel door1 designed to harmonize with the interior doors which are originals4 ,over the door is a four-light rectangular transom4 ,the rear entrance is a #f by #h-;foot portico1 built up three steps from ground level4 ,along the sides of the portico are #c-;foot railings1 inside of which are wooden boxes which serve both as storage boxes and as seats4 ,the portico roof is supported by wooden ,doric columns set at its outer edges1 and the front end of the roof is a plain triangular pediment4 ,the rear doorway has a transom and door similar to the front doorway4 ,the kitchen door opens onto a #d by #d-;foot wooden porch with railing and three steps to ground level4 ,the sunporch door has interchangeable screen and glass panels for winter and summer use and opens on the front of the house at ground level4 ,windows and ,shutters4 ,in the central block1 the front doorway is flanked by ,french windows1 with #ab-over-#i lights in double-hung wooden sash4 ,the rear windows on the first floor are #i-over-#i lights in double-hung wooden sash4 ,windows on the second floor front and rear sides are #f-over-#f lights in double-hung wooden sash1 as are the dormer windows and gable end windows4 ,the windows on the first and second floors of the central block have #b-;foot #aj-;inch wooden sills and full-length louvered shutters hung on pintles 7two on each side of the window frame74 ,window frames1 sills1 and muntins are painted dark green4 ,in the east and west wings of the house1 the front windows are #f-over-#f lights in double-hung wooden sash4 ,the rear window in the east wing 7living room7 has a dead-light picture window 7#f by #d feet7 flanked by windows with #f-over-#i lights in double-hung wooden sash4 ,window frames1 sills1 and muntins are white1 and full-length wooden shutters are dark green4 ,in the brickwork of the house1 flat arches have been laid over all of the windows on the first floor1 except over the windows on the rear of the central block4 ,the sunporch on the east end of the house is of frame construction and has nine windows 7#b-a_/b by #e feet7 on three sides4 ,roof4 ,photographs taken about #aijj show the house with an enclosed porch across the front and a sheet metal roof on the porch4 ,in contrast1 the central block of the house and the kitchen 7east7 wing have shingled roofs 7figure #e74 ,photographs in #aicf show the central portion of the house with a sheet metal roof 7figure #g74 ,in #aidb1 the roofing on all parts of the house was replaced with specially made concrete shingles1 which are still in place4#ij ,the roof is a simple medium-pitched roof with plain gable ends4 ,interior chimneys are centered in each end of the center section and in the east end of the living room 7former kitchen7 wing4 ,full-length copper gutters are incorporated into the eaves and project approximately six inches above and beyond the cornice4 ,cornices on the front and rear of the center section of the house are composed of dentils1 running approximately three segments per foot4 ,identical plain wooden cornices are used on the front and rear of the two wings of the house4 ,each wing has one dormer centered in the front and two on the rear sides of the roof4 ,the center section of the house has three dormers on the front side of the roof4 ,all dormers have a single window1 consisting of #f-over-#f lights1 set vertically in the front face4 ,all dormers have beaded ship-lap siding laid parallel to the pitched roof4 ,this latter feature appears to be a change made in #aidb since photographs of the house in #ahhe and #aicf show the siding on the dormers laid parallel to the ground4 ,enclosures4 ,a post and rail fence stands at the edge of the front lawn and1 together with a line of hemlocks growing immediately inside the fence1 forms a screen between the house and the entrance road leading in from the ,little ,river ,turnpike4 ,in the rear1 a semicircular screen of boxwood frames the lawn4 ,,technical ,,description--,,interior4 ,central ,block4 ,the central block of the house1 comprising the portion which was built first 7possibly as early as #agfj71 is laid out on the traditional pattern used by many colonial ,virginia homes--a central hallway with one or two rooms on each side1 with chimneys at each end serving fireplaces in each room4 ,in the case of ,green ,spring ,farm1 a narrow 7#d-;foot #f-;inch-wide7 central hallway runs straight through from the front door to an opposing rear door4 ,floor boards are of random width 7#e to #f inches71 and walls are paneled #c feet #f inches up from the floor1 with wallpaper above4 ,doorways open off the central hallway into a library 7east side7 and a dining room 7west side74 ,prior to #aidb1 the rear portion of the center hallway contained stairways to the second floor and to the basement1 while still allowing access to the rear door4 ,in #aidb1 however1 the stairway to the basement was shifted to the west 7new kitchen7 wing1 which was built at that time2 and the stairway to the second floor was shifted into the library4#ia ,in the library1 at the rear of the room a narrow 7#b-;foot #f-;inch-wide7 stairway rises from the corner nearest the hallway to the second floor hallway above 7figure #ac74 ,this stairway extends over the hall doorway and1 together with a panel-and-spindle partition1 forms a covered entryway into the room4 ,a small closet utilizes the space underneath the stairs4 ,the present library is a designed room1 created in #aidb by ,walter ,macomber4 ,the design utilizes the full width of the house and thus replaces two rooms 7approximately #ab by #ab feet7 which originally had comprised the first area east of the central hallway4 ,this original room design had had a fireplace in each of these two rooms1 and in #aidb both were replaced4 ,the one serving the rear room was taken out entirely as the doorway into the living room wing was cut through at that point4 ,the one in the former front room was replaced by another fireplace1 specially designed by ,mr4 ,macomber1 and built of materials from a late eighteenth century tavern near ,peace ,cross1 ,maryland4#ib ,built into the east wall of the library on each side of the fireplace are identical cabinets1 the lower parts of which are enclosed and the upper parts are open shelves4 ,the overmantel area is wallpapered1 as are the portions of the room's wall occupied by the window facing the front yard and the wall between the library and central hallway4 ,open shelving for books occupies part of this latter wall1 to a height of eight feet4 ,the entire room has a cornice molding of stained wood1 matching the paneling used for the stairs1 the fireplace1 and the built-in cabinets flanking the fireplace4 ,across the central hallway1 the present dining room was designed and created in #aidb4 ,as in the case of the library1 brick interior walls separating two smaller rooms 7approximately #ab by #ab feet7 were removed to allow the dining room to utilize the full width 7#be feet7 of the house4 ,the fireplace serving the rear of the original rooms was replaced by a doorway into the new kitchen wing through a butler's pantry4 ,the fireplace serving the front of the original rooms was retained in the present dining room4 ,beside this fireplace and extending to the front wall is a butterfly cupboard specially designed for that location4 ,chair rail1 baseboard1 and door trim in the room are thought to be original2 but the ceiling cornice was added in #aidb and consists of double-ogee design over beaded plasterboard which is typical of the period of the house4#ic ,a cupboard by the doorway to the butler's pantry is of modern design and was installed as an added convenience in the dining room4 ,the doors to the central hallway and to the butler's pantry are thought to have been originally on the second floor of the house4#id ,the hallway door has six panels1 with beaded edges and quarter-round molding in the panels4 ,a fillet molding 7#d-a_/b inches7 surrounds the doorway frame4 ,the door has been drastically trimmed to fit the frame4 ,the door to the butler's pantry has four panels but with a flat raised panel and no quarter-round molding at the panel edges--a style typical of the later nineteenth century4 ,the second floor of the central block of the house originally was laid out identically with the first floor--that is1 two rooms on each side of a central hallway4 ,in the #aidb renovation1 this same room arrangement was retained for the west side of the central hall 7above the dining room71 while on the east side of the hall a single bedroom 7#ab by #be feet7 was created using the full depth of the house4 ,in this bedroom1 cabinets with louvered double doors were installed on each side of the fireplace and painted white to match the fireplace mantel4 ,this fireplace is one of the features retained from the original house and has a mantel which is plain except for a denticulated molding4 ,chair rail1 also thought to be original1 is installed on all exposed areas of wall in the room4 ,across the central hallway1 the two bedrooms retain the same basic design of the original house4 ,both are approximately #aa by #aa feet and have random-width flooring and chair rail on two sides of the room4 ,the original fireplaces have been retained in these rooms4 ,in the front room1 the fireplace mantel is entirely plain2 in the rear room1 the mantel has two supporting columns and has three diamond shapes carved in the wood4 ,both rooms have built-in cabinets1 shelves1 and closets1 some of which were installed in #aidb and some which were added in #aifj4 ,also added in #aidb is the door connecting the front bedroom with the staircase from the first floor of the west wing4 ,through the passageway at the head of these stairs1 there is access to the second floor of the west wing4 ,the third floor 7or attic7 is entered by a stairway in the central staircase4 ,at the head of this stairway is a hallway connecting bedrooms in the east and west ends of the house and providing access to closets at the rear of the house and a small bathroom 7#g by #g feet7 at the front of the house4 ,the bathroom has a dormer window to the front of the house1 and each of the bedrooms has a dormer window to the front and a window in the gable end wall4 ,the gable end windows are set in plaster arches1 flanked in each case by a #d-;foot-high candle shelf4 ,both bedrooms have built-in closets1 cupboards1 and shelves4 ,bedroom walls have plain plaster finish and plain wooden baseboards1 no cornices1 and no chair rail4 ,east ,wing4 ,the east wing of the house presently includes the living room and a sunporch4 ,the floor level of this wing is #a foot #h inches lower than the floor level of the central block2 and the connecting doorway has three steps1 with double doors at the top step4 ,the date when the east wing was built is not certain1 but it is probable that the basic structure comprising the wing was constructed around #ahdj and thereafter used as a kitchen or combination kitchen-dining room until the renovation of the house in #aidb4 ,photographs taken about #aijj and in #aicf show this wing with a door opening to the front of the house at ground level4 ,the floor of the old kitchen was laid with cobblestones1 and the east end of the room had a great hearth and ,dutch oven4 ,food was cooked here and taken up the stairs into the main part of the house4 ,many other household chores 7such as soapmaking7 were performed here4#ie ,when the house was renovated in #aidb1 the cobblestone floor of the room was overlaid with wooden flooring and pine wainscotting was added to the walls4 ,on the north side1 looking out onto the semicircular lawn1 a picture window was installed4 ,on the south side of the room1 the outside door was replaced with a window similar to the one already in that side 7figure #i74 ,the large hearth and fireplace were replaced with a smaller one similar to what had been installed in the library 7with the unusual wooden lintel74 ,according to the renovator1 the paneling for the doorway connecting the living room and library came from ,lancaster1 ,pennsylvania4 ,the overmantel and paneling around the living room fireplace and over the doorway connecting the living room and sunporch came from a tavern near ,peace ,cross1 ,maryland1 where it had been used as shuttering4#if ,the architraves around the fireplace and pilasters were designed by the renovator from materials obtained in ,pennsylvania4#ig ,the cornice in the living room is of cypress wood4 ,entrance to the sunporch from the living room is through a doorway trimmed in material from an old building in ,pennsylvania4 ,wrought iron ,h hinges are used on the built-in cabinets in the east wall 7next to the fireplace74 ,the sunporch door has wrought iron hinges and a brass box lock4 ,the sunporch1 added to the east wing in #aidb1 is frame construction on a concrete slab floor4 ,when built1 it was a screened porch1 but later was converted to glass window panels to accommodate plants and pet animals in all seasons4 ,on the second floor of the east wing is a bedroom and bathroom suite1 entered from the central block of the house on the second floor level4 ,dormer windows are on the north 7rear7 and south 7front7 sides of the bedroom1 and the bathroom has a dormer window on the north side4 ,the bedroom has built-in closets1 shelves1 and cupboards1 the hardware of which is wrought iron4 ,doors have box locks and small brass door knobs4 ,two steps are built into the doorway connecting the east wing with the central block of the house on the second floor level4 ,west ,wing4 ,the west wing of the house was added in #aidb1 and was designed by the renovator1 ,walter ,macomber4 ,the first floor contains a modern kitchen1 a butler's pantry1 and a staircase containing stairways to the basement and to the second floor1 together with storage closets4 ,an exterior door in the end wall provides direct access to the outside4 ,the second floor of the west wing contains a bedroom and bathroom suite similar in layout to the suite on the second floor of the east wing4 ,the bedroom contains built-in closets1 shelves1 and cupboards1 and wrought iron hardware 7thumb latches and ,h and ,l hinges74 ,basement4 ,the basement is beneath the central block of the house1 and its design is basically unchanged from the original except for the concrete footings and steel columns placed there in #aifj to strengthen the deteriorating brick interior wall4 ,the basement was not extended underneath either of the two wings of the house when they were constructed4 ,entrance to the basement originally was by a stairway located at the end of the central hallway1 where also was located the stairway to the second floor and attic4 ,in #aidb1 however1 the stairway to the basement was shifted to a new staircase located in the new west wing of the house1 where it is at the present time4 ,the basement currently contains gas heating equipment for the house1 a water heater1 and storage space4 ,,architectural ,,history ,,and ,,description3 ,,the ,,mansion ,,house #he ,mrs4 ,michael ,straight1 interview ,december #aifi4 ,certain pieces of the garden sculpture are from ,peking1 ,china4 ,others include ,frog ,girl by ,willi ,soukop4 #hf ,alexandria ,gazette1 ,november #f1 #ahci4 #hg ,john ,mosby ,beattie1 interview ,april #ag1 #aifi4 #hh ,david ,condon1 ,,aia2 interview ,december #aa1 #aifi4 ,the earlier room layout of the central block of the house had two rooms1 each about #ab by #ab feet1 on each side of the central hallway which ran through the house widthwise4 ,each of these four rooms had its own fireplace located in the end wall4 ,this pattern was duplicated in the four rooms on the second floor4 ,a somewhat unusual feature of this building was that the joists for the first and second floors ran lengthwise rather than across the house4 ,they were anchored in the brick outer wall and in a brick bearing wall running the width of the house in the basement and extending up to the second floor4 ,in #aifj1 it was found that this wall was crumbling and in danger of allowing the second-floor joists to pull out of their sockets4 ,the installation of a series of steel columns holding up a steel beam had the effect of taking all bearing weight off this original segment of brick wall4 #hi ,ibid4 ,the location of this masonry wall in the basement and its extension upward to the second floor made it possible for the original house to have the floor joists set lengthwise with the house instead of front-to-back4 ,the joists were thus anchored in the outside walls at each end of the house and in the center wall running midway through the house4 #ij ,walter ,macomber1 interview held ,july #af1 #aifh1 at ,green ,spring ,farm4 ,mr4 ,macomber's description of these shingles is as follows3 ,this shingle is something ,i helped develop for ,williamsburg4 ,we never did use it extensively1 but it was made 444 in ,richmond by a man named ,hendricks4444 ,it's made of concrete reinforced with two or three wires to the length of it4 #ia ,ibid4 ,this stairway was also reversed when it was moved into the library4 ,as it originally stood in the hallway1 the stairway ran upward from front to rear of the house1 and a stairway to the basement was constructed underneath so as to run down to the basement from the rear to the front of the house4 ,a second stairway between the first and second floors was also installed in a new staircase constructed in the new kitchen 7west7 wing built in #aidb4 #ib ,ibid4 ,transcript of ,mr4 ,macomber's description of the library is as follows3 ,mr4 ,macomber3 ,now this room--the library--is a designed room4 ,mr4 ,netherton3 ,by you1 do you mean8 ,mr4 ,macomber3 ,yes4 ,mrs4 ,netherton3 ,do you know what the room was before8 ,mr4 ,macomber3 ,well1 it was really plain4 ,mrs4 ,netherton3 ,is this an ,adam mantelpiece8 ,mr4 ,macomber3 ,you could call this an ,adam mantel1 although it's not truly4 ,it's a mantel of about #agij4444 ,this wood came from an old tavern near ,peace ,cross in ,maryland4 ,the building was torn down to make way for a large shopping center4 ,this is all designed4 ,this is a design of my own with the little dovetails which are a little affectation of mine4 ,pointing to the entryway between the library and central hall4 ,at least part of this stair was original4 ,the newel post and the balusters and the paneling under the first run of the stair are original1 and the sheathing from that point up into the hall is a design1 and was made right on the job by our carpenters4 ,mrs4 ,netherton3 ,did you lengthen these windows to the floor8 ,mr4 ,macomber3 ,they were this way when we got the house1 but they had been changed some time prior to #aidb4 99 99 99 99 99 ,mrs4 ,netherton3 ,the cupboard was part of the design1 was it not8 ,mr4 ,macomber3 ,yes1 it was1 and ,i think this is one of the panels that came from ,pennsylvania4444 ,also the paneled jamb from the library down into the living room came from this old building in ,lancaster ,county ,pennsylvania4 ,and also the trim around the opening4 ,the renovator's description of the dining room included the following comments3 ,mr4 ,macomber3 ,the mantel is a mantel of the period1 and ,i'm quite sure it was in this room4 ,the butterfly cupboard beside it is a design that was added to the room1 and designed and built and installed for this particular location4 ,the dining room1 being a small room1 we planned the recess beside the fireplace for the sideboard and also to give a little more space in the room and in the pantry4 ,the chair rail ,i'm sure is original and the door trim1 but the cornice ,i installed4 ,the base is original1 in most cases1 ,i believe the doors are original1 although the bottom rail has been cut off on this to such a degree1 it looks as though it might have been for another opening4 ,and that's true on the door into the library4 #ic ,ibid4 #id ,ibid4 ,mr4 ,macomber's recollection is that ,i'm quite sure it came from the second floor because it's the same as the door into the nursery room4444 ,as to the door into the hallway1 he notes that it originally had been painted dark blue-green4 #ie ,michael and ,belinda ,straight1 interview of ,december #h1 #aifh4 ,john ,mosby ,beattie recalls when animal fat was cooked in the fireplace of the old kitchen to make soap4 #if ,walter ,macomber1 interview ,july #af1 #aifi4 #ig ,ibid4 ,according to local tradition1 the tavern near ,peace ,cross originally was a residence1 then a tavern1 a gambling house1 and a bawdy house4 ,while a gambling house1 it was robbed1 and shots were fired after the fleeing burglar4 ,one of the shots went into the shutters1 and the hole made by this shot is still visible in the portion of the shutter used as paneling in the living room4 ,illustration3 ,tobey ,house ,approach1 ,green ,spring ,farm ,illustration3 ,tobey ,house1 ,patio and ,fountain ,illustration3 ,tobey ,house1 ,interior4 ,figure #ad4 ,photos by ,robert ,lautman1 c4 #aifj ,,associated ,,buildings ,i4 ,,the ,,tobey ,,house ,,history4 ,the ,tobey ,house is located approximately one-quarter mile east-southeast of the main house on ,green ,spring ,farm4 ,it was built in #aied as a residence for ,mrs4 ,charles ,w4 ,tobey1 the mother of ,mrs4 ,michael ,straight and widow of the late distinguished ,united ,states ,senator from ,new ,hampshire4 ,prior to that time1 ,mrs4 ,tobey had resided part of the time in ,washington and part of the time in ,concord1 ,new ,hampshire1 where she owned a spacious1 gabled ,new ,england mansion built about #agej4 ,in order for her to be nearer her daughter and grandchildren1 arrangements were made by ,michael ,straight to have a small1 modern1 open-design house built for ,mrs4 ,tobey on ,green ,spring ,farm4#ih ,architectural plans were completed in the fall of #aiec1 and construction was completed in #aied4 ,here ,mrs4 ,tobey lived with her housekeeper1 ,miss ,frances ,mc,fall1 from #aied to #aifh4ii ,the house originally was comprised of a living-dining room1 kitchen1 two bedrooms1 bath1 and utility 7heater7 room4 ,in #aieg1 however1 it was expanded by the addition of another living room1 bathroom1 and utility room4 ,at this time1 also1 the carport was relocated1 and terraces were created on the east and west sides of the house4 ,the result was to enlarge the living space within the house and to create an arrangement whereby a living room1 bath1 and utility room could be partitioned off 7by a folding door7 to make a guest suite4 ,the addition of the semienclosed areas adjacent to the house1 with their flagstone terraces and fountain pool1 made for the enjoyment of outdoor activities4 ,inside the house1 the design and decor encouraged the feeling of closeness to the outdoors by the location of window space and the use of floor-to-ceiling glass walls at points where the landscaped surroundings of the house could be seen from the inside2 and paneled walls provided a neutral yet sympathetic background for many fine pieces of antique furniture and other artifacts which ,mrs4 ,tobey brought from ,new ,hampshire4 ,also1 use of horizontal ship-lap siding for the exterior gives a suggestion of ,new ,england clapboards4 ,following her residence in the house from #aied to #aifh1 ,mrs4 ,tobey moved to ,washington1 ,d4,c41 and the house was occupied by tenants4 ,illustration3 ,figure #ae4 ,tobey ,house ,floor ,plans1 #aieg ,illustration3 ,first ,section1 #aied ,,general ,,setting ,,and ,,site ,,of ,,the ,,house4 ,located in the southeast corner of ,green ,spring ,farm1 the ,tobey ,house enjoys a setting of generally open1 slightly rolling countryside4#ajj ,this setting is preserved on the land which comprises the farm4 ,beyond these limits1 however1 the neighborhood of the farm has experienced a rapid and drastic transition in the #aiej's and #aifj's4 ,as a result1 its predominantly rural character has been largely replaced by tracts of subdivisions composed of single-family dwellings on lots ranging from one-fifth to one-half acre of land4 ,at the same time1 the ,little ,river ,turnpike 7,route #bcf7 has attracted extensive roadside commercial development1 resulting in increased highway traffic generated by the intensified density of land use4 ,this has accentuated the importance of the farm's buffer space in preserving the tranquility and natural beauty which the owner and architect sought for the ,tobey ,house4 ,the site of the house is set back from the ,little ,river ,turnpike approximately one-eighth mile and is connected with the pike by its own driveway4 ,the driveway approaches the house from the southwest where the view first is of the carport and the #aieg addition4 ,the immediate vicinity of the house has been left relatively open to provide a feeling of spaciousness when viewed from inside the house4 ,landscaped trees and shrubs located around the house preserve this feeling of an open natural setting while providing cover for the house and terraces4 ,,architectural ,,design4 ,since it was ,mrs4 ,tobey's desire to enjoy the site as well as the house1 the general design of the house contains features specifically aimed to permit this4 ,on the east side1 the flagstone terrace and fountain pool are partially covered by the overhang of the flat roof and a trellis4 ,on the west side of the house1 a covered flagstone walkway from house to the carport runs between a hedge and fence on one side and a small courtyard with flower beds and trees on the other4 ,in the living room added in #aieg1 the only opening is a large picture window set in a bay which contains a planter box with living plants4 ,architecturally1 the house is of particular interest because its basic objective of facilitating an indoor-outdoor style of living is achieved with simple1 open lines and harmonious materials4#aja ,set upon a concrete slab1 the wooden walls of the house are overlaid with wooden beams placed so as to intersect and create the appearance of squares and rectangular modules on the ceiling4 ,a flat wooden deck roof rests on these beams4 ,no prefabricated units were utilized in the construction of the house1 and all pieces were individually specified1 cut1 and fitted together4 ,the architect for the ,tobey ,house was ,david ,condon1 ,,aia1 of ,keyes1 ,lethbridge ,condon1 ,washington1 ,d4,c4 ,the landscape architect was ,eric ,paepcke of ,washington1 ,d4,c4 ,interior design was done by ,top ,recker and ,patricia ,holsaert4 ,construction was performed by ,hayes ,brothers of ,herndon1 ,virginia 7figures #ad and #ae74 ,,exterior ,,features4 ,the overall dimensions of the house are #gj by #be feet2 the carport measures #aa by #ba feet4 ,exterior walls are gray stained cypress1 laid on horizontally in ship-lap style1 with white trim4 ,full-length glass panels serve as walls in the section of the house called the gallery1 facing the terrace on the east side of the house4 ,the fountain pool in the east side terrace measures #f by #ac feet4 ,the pool water does not recirculate but is piped from the house water supply and can be controlled by a faucet4 ,,enclosures4 ,a wooden post and rail ranch fence encloses the field where the house is located4 ,,landscaping4 ,pine and plane trees are planted for shade near the house and screening from the highway on the west side4 ,wisteria is planted for the trellis over the terrace on the west side of the house to shield it from the afternoon sun4 ,in the immediate vicinity of the house1 vinca minor 7periwinkle7 is used as ground cover4 ,,interior ,,features4 ,the ,tobey ,house contains #b1jfb square feet of floor space4 ,room arrangements for the original structure and following the addition in #aieg are shown in figure #ae4 ,interior walls are of vertical cypress paneling1 and floors are wooden parquet4 ,ceilings have exposed beam and plank construction4 ,interior features when ,mrs4 ,tobey was in residence included wood carvings from a ,scandinavian sailing ship salvaged when it sank off the ,new ,england ,coast4 ,woodburning fireplaces are located in the living room of the original portion of the house 7now used as a study7 and the living room of the #aieg addition4 ,the house is centrally heated with radiant heat from the floor4 ,no central air conditioning was provided in the original portion2 but1 when the addition was built in #aieg1 central air conditioning was provided for it and ducts were extended into the living room of the original portion4 ,window air-conditioning units were installed in the bedrooms4 ,,ii4 ,,the ,,barn ,located approximately #bjj feet northeast of the main house is a two-story frame barn4 ,its date of construction is not certain1 but it is known to have been present when the ,straights acquired the farm in #aidb4 ,during the occupancy of the farm by the ,straights1 the barn was converted into a laundry and a maid's apartment4 ,as renovated for this purpose1 the first floor of the barn contained space and equipment for the laundry1 a kitchen1 and a bathroom4 ,the second floor contained living quarters and a bathroom4 ,access to the second floor was by an exterior stairway 7figure #ag74 ,overall dimensions of the barn are #ad-a_/b by #bd-a_/b feet4 ,its construction is frame with eight-inch siding laid on vertically and two-inch battens used to cover and seal the joints4 ,the exterior is stained brown with no trim4 ,the exterior stairway is constructed of wood and leads to a second floor entrance in the center of the east end of the building4 ,the stairway is in two segments4 ,one1 on the south side1 reaches from the ground to a landing at the corner of the building2 the other1 on the east side1 reaches from the landing to the entrance door4 ,the peak of the roof is approximately #ag-a_/b feet from the ground4 ,,iii4 ,,the ,,log ,,cabin ,located approximately #ij feet northeast of the main house is a small one-story house of log construction4 ,its date of construction is uncertain1 although it is possible that this building is the ,servants' ,house referred to in the notice of the commissioner's sale of the farm following the death of ,william ,moss in #ahce4ajb ,during the ,straights' occupancy of the farm1 the cabin was renovated and converted into a guest house4 ,during the later years1 their son1 ,david1 lived in the cabin4 ,the renovation carried out by the ,straights resulted in enlargement and reframing of the windows1 reconstruction of the existing door on the west side1 and reconstruction of the brick chimney at the north end of the building4 ,at the same time1 another doorway was added on the east side 7figure #ah74 ,illustration3 ,figure #ai4 ,spring ,house ,floor ,plans1 #aifj ,,iv4 ,,the ,,spring ,,house ,,history4 ,references to a spring house appear frequently in descriptions of ,green ,spring ,farm during the nineteenth century4#ajc ,the well watered character of the farm1 possessing springs of its own and traversed by ,turkey ,cock ,run1 was an advantage of great value to all its owners4 ,quite possibly the presence of the springs was decisive in enabling both the ,mosses and ,fountain ,beattie to make dairying a substantial part of the farm's operations4 ,in the #ahcj's1 many of the types of equipment and utensils typically used in making and preserving butter1 cheese1 and fresh milk were listed in inventories of personal property at the farm4 ,during this period and later1 the presence of the ,little ,river ,turnpike would have made it feasible to sell dairy products regularly in ,alexandria1 six miles away1 and in the ,district of ,columbia1 nine miles away4#ajd ,it is equally likely that a spring house was also one of the focal points of the farm's cider and brandy-making activities at those times when the orchards flourished4 ,after the sale of the farm by ,fountain ,beattie in #aiag1 the level of its operations gradually decreased4 ,by #aidj1 the spring house stood unused1 as neither dairying nor orchard activities were carried on4 ,therefore1 when the ,straights ordered the renovation of the main house in #aidb1 it was suggested that the spring house be converted into a residence for the farm's caretaker4 ,conversion of the spring house into a residence was carried out under the direction of ,walter ,macomber of ,washington1 ,d4,c41 who also had been in charge of remodeling the main house4 ,using the basic stone shell of the house1 which was structurally sound1 a two-story house was designed with living room1 bedroom1 kitchen1 and utility 7heater7 room on the first floor and a bedroom1 bathroom1 and storage area on the second floor4#aje 7,see figure #ai47 ,in this work1 new materials were used1 except that slate shingles taken from the main house 7where the roof was being replaced7 were used for roofing the spring house4 ,in #aifa1 the second major remodeling of the house enlarged it and attempted to reduce the dampness due to its location in the midst of the springs4 ,the architects for this work were ,keyes1 ,lethbridge ,condon of ,washington1 ,d4,c4 ,as a result of this work1 the roof was raised to permit construction of a new bedroom and storage room on the second floor4 ,on the first floor1 enclosure of a porch permitted the addition of a bathroom and closet to the downstairs bedroom4 ,substantial remodeling of the kitchen was also undertaken1 in which a closet was converted into cabinets1 new flooring was laid1 and new kitchen fixtures were installed4 ,,exterior4 ,the original portion of the spring house is constructed of stone1 with stucco exterior finish4 ,the frame addition is covered with rough-sawn redwood lap siding over half-inch vapor-sealed sheathing4 ,the roofing for this portion of the house is slate shingles1 matching the slate roof of the original portion which used shingles taken from the mansion house when it was renovated in #aidb4 ,copper gutters and downspouts were installed in #aifa1 as was copper flashing at the base of the chimney4 ,,associated ,,buildings ,i4 ,,the ,,tobey ,,house #ih ,title to the property on which the house was built remained in ,michael and ,belinda ,straight4 #ii ,a ,new ,house with ,young ,ideas1 ,house and ,garden1 ,december #aieh4 #ajj ,david ,condon1 ,,aia1 interview ,december #ab1 #aifi4 ,initially it was proposed to locate the house with its back to a line of trees separating the upper and lower portions of the pasture west of the main farm house4 ,this would have taken advantage of the view to the west of the house1 considered to be its best view4 ,ultimately1 however1 the house was located in the lower pasture1 closer to the ,little ,river ,turnpike but screened from the highway by a line of trees planted for that purpose4 #aja ,ibid4 ,this is the opinion of ,david ,condon1 who served as architect for both the original building and its subsequent addition4 ,he notes that the building's style was rare in the ,eastern ,united ,states1 although it had appeared and was popular on the ,west ,coast4 ,,iii4 ,,the ,,log ,,cabin #ajb ,alexandria ,gazette1 ,november #f1 #ahci1 advertisement4 ,,iv4 ,,the ,,spring ,,house #ajc ,alexandria ,gazette1 ,november #f1 #ahci1 advertisement2 ,john ,mosby ,beattie1 interview ,april #ag1 #aifi4 #ajd ,john ,schlebecker1 ,curator1 ,division of ,agriculture and ,mining1 ,museum of ,history and ,technology1 ,smithsonian ,institution1 ,washington1 ,d4,c4 ,interview held ,february #bf1 #aifi4 #aje ,walter ,macomber1 interview ,july #af1 #aifh4 ,it appears that no drawings were made of the spring house as it appeared before its conversion into a caretaker's residence1 and no plans have been preserved to show the construction undertaken for the conversion4 ,illustration3 ,figure #bj4 ,fairfax ,county ,property ,identification ,map1 #aifi1 ,green ,spring ,farm1 ,quadrant #gb-a4 ,,appendix ,a ,,commonwealth ,,of ,,virginia ,,county ,,of ,,fairfax ,,historic ,,landmarks ,,survey ,name of ,property3 ,green ,spring ,farm 7,moss ,house7 ,owner3 ,michael ,w4 ,straight et ux4 ,location 7,street ,address73 #dfja ,green ,spring ,road1 ,alexandria1 ,va4 ,mailing ,address3 c_/o ,mudge1 ,stern1 ,baldwin amp2 ,todd1 #bj ,broad ,street1 ,new ,york1 ,new ,york #ajjje ,other ,locational ,data3 ,one block east of ,braddock ,road1 on ,little ,river ,turnpike4 ,acreage3 #ca4fhh ,property ,identification ,number3 #gb-a-jja-bd ,deed ,book ,reference3 ,deed ,book ,p #ae1 page #ade4 ,location of ,title3 ,fairfax ,county ,courthouse ,assessed ,value3 #ic1dae 7#ag1cfe buildings7 ,january #aifi listing4 ,zoning ,status3 ,,re-#j4e ,present ,use3 ,residence ,restrictions3 ---- ,magisterial ,district3 ,mason ,planning ,district3 ,annandale ,open to ,public3 ,no ,setting3 ,house itself is well screened from the road1 and the garden in back has been well designed4 ,additional ,material ,available3 ,see ,virginiana ,collection files1 ,fairfax ,county ,public ,library3 ,,habsi form #aifi2 photographs2 color slides2 clippings2 research notes4 ,nan and ,ross ,netherton1 ,green ,spring ,farm1 manuscript1 #aifi4 ,f4 ,johnston1 ,memorials of ,old ,virginia ,clerks1 ,lynchburg1 ,va41 #ahhh ,date3 #aj_/ac_/fi ,recorder3 ,mrs4 ,ross ,d4 ,netherton ,division of ,planning ,,appendix ,b ,,green ,,spring ,,farm ,,history ,,of ,,ownership #agjf ,grant from the ,proprietors1 ,,lady ,,margaret ,,culpeper1 ,,thomas 7#eth7 ,,lord ,,fairfax and ,,catherine his wife1 to ,,john ,,west1 ,,william ,,harrison1 ,,thomas ,,pearson and ,,thomas ,,harrison4 ,for #d1fci acres on ,great ,hunting ,creek and ,indian ,branch4 ,northern ,neck ,grants #c1 ,december #bc1 #agjf1 p4 #aec4 #agci ,survey by ,john ,warner for ,,george ,,harrison and ,,john ,,summers ordered by ,william ,fairfax1 ,agent for ,,thomas 7#fth7 ,,lord ,,fairfax for about #ejj acres of waste land joining on ,west1 ,pearson and ,harrison's land and ,summers' land4 ,northern ,neck ,grants ,book ,e1 ,november #ba1 #agci1 p4 #gb4 #agdj ,grant from the ,,proprietor',s ,,office to ,,george ,,harrison and ,,john ,,summers1 of #hcd acres surveyed by ,john ,warner1 located on ,indian and ,turkey ,cock ,runs4 7,george ,harrison was the brother-in-law of ,hugh ,west1 the elder47 ,northern ,neck ,grants ,book ,e1 ,may #aj1 #agdj1 p4 #baf4 #aggg ,conveyance from ,,john ,,west 7son of ,hugh ,west1 the elder7 deceased1 to ,,hugh ,,west 7his son and grandson of ,hugh ,west1 the elder71 of about #djj acres adjoining ,john ,summers4 ,fairfax ,county ,will ,book ,d1 ,february #g1 #aggg1 p4 #d4 ,deed from ,,daniel and ,,rebecca ,,summers to ,,john ,,moss1 a parcel of land for #cjj pounds4 7,two pages have been torn out of the deed book here47 ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,m1 ,september #aa1 #aggg1 p4 #cbd4 #aghh ,deed from ,,baldwin and ,,catherine ,,dade to ,,john ,,moss for #caj pounds current money of ,virginia1 for part of the ,turkey ,cock tract on ,indian and ,turkey ,cock ,branches1 being the land ,baldwin ,dade purchased from a certain ,hugh ,west relation4 7,note3 ,george ,harrison1 uncle of ,john ,west1 willed all his property to ,john after the decease of his wife ,martha47 ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,r1 ,october #bj1 #aghh1 p4 #bef4 #aghi ,lease from ,,bryan ,,fairfax to ,,john ,,moss for #g1jjj acres on the west side of ,difficult ,run1 and ,towlston4 ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,r1 ,april #b1 #aghi1 p4 #cig4 #agid ,deed from ,,william ,,henry and ,,amelia ,,terrett and ,,margaret ,,west to ,,john ,,moss for #ahj acres1 #a road and #ad perches for #dba pounds #aj pence1 current money of ,virginia4 ,property on both sides of the ,turnpike road1 abutting ,summers1 ,norris1 ,scott1 and ,west1 ,pearson and ,harrison4 ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,y1 ,december #b1 #agid1 p4 #aih4 #agie ,survey by ,john ,moss1 #c acres on ,indian ,branch1 involved in a dispute over boundary line with neighbor ,hepborn4 ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,x1 ,april #bd1 #agie1 p4 #dhh4 #ahji ,conveyance of will from ,,john ,,moss3 to sons ,,william and ,,thomas the residue of the lands purchased from ,summers and ,dade to be divided between them2 to son ,,john the plantation whereon he lived which was leased by ,john ,moss from the late ,bryan ,fairfax2 to daughters ,,patty1 ,,mary and ,,anne1 all of the lands he bought from ,william ,h4 ,terrett and houses2 the last third of his property to be divided by sons ,,robert1 ,,william and ,thomas after the decease of his wife ,,ann4 ,also mentioned in his will are his daughter ,,frances ,,middleton and grandchildren ,,gidion and ,,elizabeth4 7,see appendix ,c47 ,fairfax ,county ,superior ,court ,will ,book ,i1 p4 #a1 ,october #be1 #ahji4 ,gift by ,,john ,,moss to ,,william ,,moss and ,,robert ,,moss1 sons1 of #a_/c of two tracts purchased from ,baldwin ,dade and ,daniel ,summers4 ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,j-#b1 ,april #ad1 #ahji1 p4 #bgb4 #ahce ,public sale for infant heirs of ,,william ,,moss1 deceased4 ,advertised in ,alexandria ,gazette1 ,june #ab1 #ahce4 ,inventory and sale account4 ,fairfax ,county ,will ,book ,r1 ,march ,court1 #ahce1 p4 #cec2 ,will ,book ,s1 pp4 #g1 #bih4 #ahdc ,sale by ,,thomas ,r4 ,,love and ,,alfred ,,moss1 parties of the one part1 to ,,thomas ,,sheriff1 party of the other part1 formerly of ,barbados but now of ,fairfax ,county1 #cda acres1 one road and #be poles4 ,from estate of ,thomas ,moss who died intestate2 ,final #fb1 ,chancery ,court ,proceedings4 7,see figure #b47 ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,h-#c1 p4 #bbf1 ,may #bh1 #ahdc4 #ahee ,h4 ,w4 ,thomas1 ,commissioner1 gives grants1 bargains and sells as a settlement on an unpaid debt land owned by ,,james ,,sheriff known as ,green ,spring purchased by ,thomas ,sheriff from ,thomas ,love and ,alfred ,moss in #ahdc1 to ,,james ,,benton to have and to hold in trust for sole and separate use of ,,hannah ,o',,brien1 of ,baltimore1 free from debts1 liabilities and control of husband ,matthew ,o',brien and power on her part to dispose of same by deed or will as though she were a femme sole4 ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,w-#c1 p4 #dbd1 ,september #aj1 #ahee4 #ahgh ,sale by ,h4 ,o4 ,claughton1 ,commissioner1 for ,,sarah ,,green and ,l4 ,m4 ,,saunders1 parties of the first part1 and ,,fountain ,,beattie1 party of the second part1 of the land formerly owned by ,hannah ,o',brien concerned in a ,chancery ,court case4 7,see ,suspended ,file #aj1 with ,o',brien plaintiff and ,green1 defendant47 ,acreage--#cci4 7,see figure #c47 ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,w-#d1 p4 #bga1 ,june #be1 #ahgh4 #aiag ,sale by ,,captain ,,fountain ,,beattie1 widower1 to ,,george ,,sims of ,florida1 #cci acres4 ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,c-#h1 p4 #ddf1 ,january #bc1 #aiag4 #aibb ,sale of #cci acres by ,,george ,r4 ,,sims and ,,walter ,,kahn to ,,james ,m4 ,,duncan of ,alexandria4 ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,y-#h1 p4 #ej1 ,june #ab1 #aibb4 7,see figure #c47 #aibd ,sale of #ccb acres divided into #dh parcels by ,,mary ,v4 ,,duncan and ,,carroll ,,pierce to ,,frederick ,,segesserman4 ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,j-#i1 p4 #bc1 ,june #bc1 #aibd4 #aica ,sale of #bh acres on ,state ,highway #f1 a new concrete road from ,alexandria to ,virginia by ,,caroline and ,,frederick ,,segesserman to ,,minnie ,,whitesell4 #aidb ,sale of #cc4abh acres by ,,minnie ,,whitesell to ,,michael and ,,belinda ,,straight4 7,see figure #h47 ,fairfax ,county ,deed ,book ,p-#ae1 p4 #adg4 ,,appendix ,c ,,will ,,of ,,john ,,moss1 #ahji ,fairfax ,county ,superior ,court ,willbook ,no4 #a1 pp4 #a-c4 ,in the name of ,god ,amen ,i ,john ,moss of the ,county of ,fairfax and ,state of ,virginia do hereby make and ,ordain this my last will and testament in manner and form following to wit ,i give to my son ,john ,moss the plantation whereon he now lives which was leased by me of the late ,revd ,bryan ,fairfax and the service of my ,negro man ,nat until the period arrives when he is to go out free agreeable to a ,deed of ,manumition ,recorded in ,fairfax ,county ,court upon his paying his sister ,frances ,middleton ,fifty ,dollars which with what ,i have heretofore given him ,i consider as his full part of my estate4 ,item having already given my daughter ,frances ,middleton a lease ,i held under the said ,bryan ,fairfax ,deceased known as ,buck ,spring and a negro woman by the name of ,maria as long as she has to serve under the before mentioned ,deed of ,manumition ,i now give and bequeath unto her as her full part of my estate the sum of ,fifty ,dollars to be paid her by her brother ,john ,moss in twelve months after my ,decease provided the said negro man ,nat given him shall survive me and come to the actual possession of my son ,john ,moss4 ,item ,i give and bequeath unto my son ,robert ,moss and his heirs forever the plantation whereon he now lives so as to include one third part of the lands ,i purchased of ,daniel ,summers and ,baldwin ,dade agreeable to the deed ,i have made him also two acres on the south side of the ,turnpike to be laid off along the line of ,west and to join the land ,i have before given him4 ,in order to afford an outlet to the ,turnpike ,road1 and as the word 7also7 may be understood to imply my ,intention is to give him those two acres more than his third part before-mentioned ,i declare it is not but that they are to be included in the same4 ,item ,i give and bequeath unto my grandson ,gideon ,moss and my grand ,daughter ,elizabeth ,k4 ,moss two hundred ,dollars each to be paid them or their heirs in eighteen months after my ,decease which with what ,i gave their father in his lifetime ,i consider and hereby declare to be their full part of my ,estate4 ,item ,i give to wife ,ann ,moss during her natural life the use of all the rest and residue of my ,estate real1 personal and mixed for the support of her and such of my daughters as may be at the time of my ,death unmarried and after her decease ,i give and bequeath unto my ,sons ,william ,moss and ,thomas ,moss and their heirs forever the residue of the lands purchased by me of the aforementioned ,summers and ,dade to be divided between them as follows3 ,beginning on the ,turnpike road adjoining the two acres given my son ,robert ,moss for an ,outlet thence down the said road opposite to my gate thence a southerly course to a small ,drain about fifteen poles from the ,turnpike road by the name of ,crumps ,branch thence down the said ,branch and bending therewith to the intersection of the ,dividing line of the lands purchased by me of the before-mentioned ,summers and ,dade thence with the said line eastwardly to where it crosses the ,turkey ,branch thence up the said branch with the ,several ,courses of my deed from the said ,summers to the ,intersection of ,west's line thence with the line to the beginning which several courses include that part of my land ,i wish my son ,thomas to enjoy all but the houses where ,john ,powell now lives with four acres adjoining it ,i add to the lands ,i intended for my daughters ,patsy1 ,mary and ,anne and in case it should exceed one third part of my purchase from the said ,summers and ,dade then ,i direct that my son ,thomas ,moss do pay to his brother ,william ,moss at the rate of ,twenty five ,dollars for every acre that may be included in his said lott over and above one third part of the said two purchases of ,summers and ,dade4 ,item ,i give and bequeath to my three daughters ,patty ,moss1 ,mary ,moss and ,anne ,moss and their heirs forever after my wife's ,decease the whole of the lands ,i purchased of ,william ,h4 ,terrett to be equally divided including the homes and four acres adjoining 7as mentioned before7 between them and two thirds parts of the whole of my personal estate be divided between them and their heirs forever4 ,item the rest and residue or the ,one third part of my personal estate after my wife's decease ,i give and bequeath unto my three sons ,robert ,moss1 ,william ,moss and ,thomas ,moss to be equally ,divided between them and their heirs lastly ,i appoint my wife ,ann ,moss executrix and my sons ,robert ,moss1 ,william ,moss and ,thomas ,moss executors of my last will and testament hereby revoking all other and former wills by me heretofore made ,in witness whereof ,i have hereunto set my hand and affixed my seal this fourteenth day of ,november ,anno #ahjh ,present ,john ,moss ,,seal ,the will was presented by ,william ,moss on ,october #be1 #ahji4 ,william ,moss1 ,george ,mason1 ,joseph ,powell and ,reezen ,wilcoxen set a bond of #bb1jjj to guarantee that ,william ,moss make a true and perfect inventory of all goods1 chattles1 and credits of the deceased and do well and truly pay and deliver all legacies specified in the will4 ,,appendix ,d ,,sales ,,account ,,of ,,the ,,personal ,,estate ,,of ,,william ,,moss--#ahce ,the following list contains the items comprising the personal estate of ,william ,moss1 entered at a sale at auction held ,april #ae and #af1 #ahce4 ,the original list appears in ,fairfax ,county ,will ,book ,s-#a1 pages #g-ah1 and shows the name of the purchaser for each item4 ,in listing the items here1 the names of the purchasers have been omitted and the items listed by categories for convenience4 ,,furniture #a pine ,table 4#ej #b ,washstands1 ,bowl pitchers #b4be #a ,bed weighing #gj lbs at #cd cts #bc4hj #a ditto--#eh lbs at #ci cts #bb4fb #a ditto--#gh lbs at #bg cts #bg4jf #a ditto--#eh lbs at #bf cts #ae4jh #a ditto--#gj lbs at #cb cts #bb4dj #a ditto--#eh lbs at #bi cts #af4hb #a ,pair ,card ,tables #aj4ej #a ,set ,dining ,tables #aj4ej #a ,breakfast ,table #d4jj #a ,portable ,writing ,desk #d4jj #a ,mantle ,clock #bf4jj #a ,stool 4#cg #a ,tester ,bedstead #b4ej #a ,mahogeny ,bedstead #c4cj #a ,bedstead #b4jj #a ,bedstead #d4jj #a ,mahogeny ,bedstead #e4fe #a ,maple ,bedstead #ab4jj #a ,mahogeny ,bedstead #f4be #a striped carpet #c4dj #a striped carpet #d4aj #a striped carpet #a4ee #a figured carpet #c4be #a large carpet #ag4jj #a striped ditto 7new7 #bh4jj #a piece stair carpet #e4ej #a ,striped ,carpet #h4ge #a ,striped ,carpet 7small7 #e4jj #a passage carpet #a4jj #a arm chair #a4jj #a ,dozen red chairs #a4be #a_/b ,dozen cream coloured chairs #d4jj #a_/b ,dozen cream coloured chairs #d4jj #a_/b ,dozen rush seat chairs #i4jj #a_/b ,dozen rush seat chairs #h4ge #a_/b ,dozen ,black ,chairs #d4be #a_/b ,dozen ,black ,chairs #b4jj #a ,side ,board #ba4jj #b waiters 4#cg-a_/b #a ,breakfast table #b4be #a ,walnut ,safe #f4be #a ,book ,case #af4jj #a ,pair ,andirons ,shovel ,tongs #a4ge #a ,safe contents #b4be #a ,pair ,and ,irons ,fender 4#ge #a ,bureau #d4hj #a ,dressing ,glass #c4ej #a ,pair ,and ,irons brush c #a4cj #a ,dressing ,glass #a4cg-a_/b #a ,bureau #g4ej #a bureau #e4aj #a dressing glass #a4ej #a gilt looking glass #c4ej #a pair andirons #b4he #a bed weighing #hj lbs at #bd cts #ai4bj ,,household ,,furnishings #a ,pair ,decanters #d4jj #b ,glass ,pitchers 4#hg #b ,latts #a4jj #bb ,wine ,glasses #c4hg #aj ,gelly ,glasses 4#ge #a ,dozen ,jelly ,glasses #a4ae #i ,glass ,caps #a4cg-a_/b #a ,celery ,glass #a4jj #c ,bottles #a ,decanter #a4ej #a ,mire ,filler 4#be #a ,glass ,stand #b4jj #a toaster 4#ej #a ,waiter1 tea ,pot c 4#be #a ,cork ,screw 4#be #a ,pair ,waiters #b4jj #a ,waiter and contents #b4hj #a ,large ,bowl #d4jj #b ,pair ,brass ,candlesticks ,snuffers #a4ej #a ,waiter #d ,glasses 4#ej #a pair ,tureens #a4jj #aa ,small ,plates 4#hg-a_/b #f ,soup plates 4#ge #g dishes #a4ej #a bowl and ,mustard ,pot 4#be #a ,pitcher 4#be #b ,plated ,baskets #i4ej #a ,pair ,plated ,candlesticks #h4ge #a ,pair ,plated ,snuffers ,tray #f4be #a ,lot dishes crocks 4#ie #a ,kettle 4#gf #a bag of ,corks 4#ae #b casks contents #a4ej a parcel tins 4#be #a ,oven1 ,kettle ,hooks 4#fb-a_/b #a ,cake ,moulds pot 4#ej #a ,strainer1 print ,bowl 4#ee #a ,pewter ,basin1 ,tin c 4#ee #a ,gun apparatus #g4ge #a ,fire ,sett 7complete7 #af4jj #a ,fire ,set 7in ,dining ,room7 #d4ij #a ,bucket1 tub ,griddle 4#ej #a ,shovel ,tongs sifter 4#ej #a old safe and contents 4#dj #a tin safe and basin #b4jj #b ,jugs1 #d ,crocks #a jar #a4be #e ,large stone crocks #a4ce #c earthen and stone jar 4#cj #a_/b ,dozen jars #a4jj #a_/b ,dozen old crocks #a4ae #b pewter basins #a4jj #a ,china diner set #aa4be #e ,large ,dishes #c4jj #e pieces ,brittania ,ware #e4jj #a_/b ,dozen silver spoons #e4jj #a_/b ,dozen silver spoons #e4ab-a_/b #e ,silver ,spoons #b4be #a_/b ,dozen ,silver ,table ,spoons #af4jj #d ,silver ,table ,spoons #h4ej #b ,salt ,spoons toddy ladle #e4jj #a ,pair sugar tongs #a4ge #a ,soup ladle #i4jj #b ,silver tumblers #i4ej #a ,sett ,tea ware 4#ej #a ,large bowl 4#fj #a ,sett ,castors #f4jj #a ,lot ,wood ware #a4ej #a ,lage pots hooks #a ,lage oven #b4jj #a ,large oven 4#gf #a oven and ,pot #a4hj #a ,frying pan ,grid ,iron 4#ge #c pots 4#fb-a_/b #a ,furnace1 ,kettle pot 4#be #a ,spice ,mortar ,pestle 4#ge #a ,brass ,kettle #c4jj #a ,reel c #b ,spinning ,wheels ,basket ,contents #e4he #b ,smoothing ,irons 4#hg-a_/b #a ,quilting frame 4#ab-a_/b #d pairs ,cards 4#ee #a ,lot frames ,brushes 4#ge #b ,dozen ,knives forks #ac4jj #a chest 4#cg-a_/b #a pair ,round ,tables ,bellows #b4jj #a ,writing ,desk1 ,slate ,inkstand #a4be #a basket of ,chambey #a4ab-a_/b #a ,table1 ,desk five mp contents #a4de #a pair pillow cases 4#hj #c pair pillow cases #a4ee #a pillowcase 4#ce #c pair cotton pillow cases 4#hd #a ,table ,cloth #a4cj #a ditto ditto 4#ce #a ,table ,cloth 4#fc #a ditto 4#ej #a ditto 4#gj #a ditto #a4ge #a ditto #b4jj #a ,pair ,diaper towels 4#db-a_/b #a ,ditto ,ditto 4#cj #a ,ditto ,ditto 4#bh #a ,ditto ,ditto 4#bh #a ,ditto ,ditto 4#bf #a ,ditto ,ditto 4#ae #a ,ditto ,ditto 4#bf #a ,ditto ,ditto 4#bh #c ,toilet ,covers #a4dc #a ,toilet ,cover #a4cg-a_/b #a ,toilet ,cover 4#af #a ,box1 ,boot ,jack old ,stool 4#cj #a ,lot ,cake ,moulds 4#ae #a ,shovel ,tongs ,warfel ,irons 4#ca #a ,driping ,table #a ditto--#c fire screnes ,lot old tin #a4be #a ,pair ,blankets #d4je #e pair ,blankets #aj4fb-a_/b #a ditto ,ditto #b4ge #a ,white ,counterpane #b4ee #a striped ditto 4#ge #a pair ,blankets #c4ab-a_/b #a white ,counterpane #d4ee #a calico ,ditto #a4fh #a ditto ,comfort #b4jj #a ,ditto ,ditto #a4ee #a ,white ,counterpane #aj4jj #a ,figured ,ditto #a4ia #a ,white ,counterpane #a4ge #a ditto ditto #b4hj ditto ditto #c4ej ditto ditto #a4ej ditto ditto #b4ge #b ,counterpanes #b4be #b tablecloths #i4jj #h pair ,sheets #bb4cj #b pair sheets #c4hj #d ditto ditto #i4ab-a_/b #b ditto ditto #f4hg-a_/b #a ,pair ,blankets #d4be--a ditto #c #g4be #a clothes brush 4#ca ,,pictures1 ,,books ,,and ,,papers #b ,maps ,u4 ,states #h4hj #a ,print of ,thomas ,jefferson 4#be #e volumes ,washington life #e4jj #a ,vol4 ,gordons ,digest 4#be #a ,vol4 ,guthries ,geography #b4be #a ,vol4 biography dictionary #a4ge #f ,vol4 paper work at #be cts #a4ej #a ,vol4 ,life of ,napoleon 4#fb-a_/b #a ,vol4 ,olive ,branch 4#ea #a ,vol4 ,memoirs of ,napoleon 4#ce #a ,vol4 ,tuckers ,history 4#bf #d ,vol4 ,modern ,europe #b4jj #aj ,vol4 ,encyclopedia #c4jj #a ,vol4 ,burns ,work 4#af #a ,vol4 ,christianity #a4aj #a ,vol4 ,classes ,cookery 4#ad #a ,vol4 ,haies ,pleas 4#dj #a dictionary #a4jj #a ,book on ,farriery 4#cj #a lot old ,books #a4cj #a lot old books 4#ea #a vol4 ,history of ,rome 4#cg #a vol4 ,dridens ,tour 4#bj #a vol4 ,strong ,bow 4#ag #a vol4 ,political ,enquiries 4#ej #a vol4 ,ewells ,discourses 4#cg #b vol4 ,sydney on ,government #a4ge #e vol4 ,shakespeare 4#ie #a vol4 ,montagues ,reflections 4#db #a vol4 ,gambler 4#ae #a vol4 ,history ,u4 ,states 4#he #a vol4 ,snodens ,america 4#bf #a vol4 ,astronomy 4#bb ,,negroes ,negro ,isaac #hjj4jj ,jacob #hjj4jj ,aaron #ffj4jj ,cornelius1 ,betsey ,child #hjj4jj ,edward #eej4jj ,maria #ebh4jj ,mary ,ann #fjj4jj ,kitty #fbj4jj ,ann #fcj4jj ,cornelia #ejj4jj ,jane #bdj4jj ,ellen #bje4jj ,daniel #age4jj ,massa #aca4jj ,jenny #dj4jj ,emanuel #dj4jj ,chloe #j4ej ,charles #bej4jj ,,farm ,,produce #a ,stack ,hay #bi4ej #a pacel of ,hay #h4fe #a ,stack of ,oats #ce4jj #a #dc4jj #a lot ,wheat ,straw #a4be #a ,beehive #ast choice #a4be #a #bnd 4#ge #e ,barrels ,corn at #d4aj #bj4ej #aj at #d4ab #da4bj #e ,barrels ,corn at #d4je #bj4be #e #d4aj-a_/b #bj4ej #d #d4ab-a_/b #af4ej #c #d4ab-a_/b #ab4cg-a_/b #a ,hogshead of ,vinegar #b4fb-a_/b #a ,beehive #crd choice 4#fb-a_/b #e empty ,bee gums 4#ab-a_/b #a barrel soap #a4fj #aje lbs ,bacon at #ab-a_/b per lbs #ac4ab #ajc #ac #ac4ci #ajj #ac-a_/b #ac4ej #ajj #ac-a_/b #ac4ej #beg #ac #cb4fj #fa #aj #f4aj #a ,barrel vinegar #a4fe #a #a4ee #a #a4ij #a barrel vinegar #c4cj #a barrel vinegar #c4cj #a ,hogshead of ,vinegar #e4jj #a bag ,wool #de lbs at #cb #ad4dj #a ditto #be-a_/b at #be #h4ib #a ditto #e at #bf #a4cj #a bag yarn #ce lbs at #ed cts #ah4ij ,,animals #a ,dun mare #eb4ej #a ,sorrel ,horse #gh4jj #a ,bay ,horse #dj4jj #a ditto do #dh4ej #a ,sorrel ,horse #eg4jj #a ,bay ,horse #hh4jj #a ,stud ,colt #fb4ej #a ditto 7,sir ,james #f years old7 #aaa4jj #aj and #aj lambs 7,jno ,washington #ast choice7 #db4jj #gc ,ewes ,lambs at #b4 each 7,jno ,washington7 #adf4jj #a cow #aj4ab-a_/b #a ,white and ,red ,cow #ae4jj #a cow and ,bell #aj4jj #a ,black ,cow #ag4ab-a_/b #a ,red ,heifer #g4jf-a_/b #a ,white and ,red ,cow #ag4ej #a ditto ditto #ad4ej #a ,black and ,white ,cow #ah4jj #a ,buffalo ,cow #ah4be #b ,breeding ,sows #f4jj #e shoats #ast choice #g4ej #d do #bnd ditto #e4jj #a ,black ,cow #ad4jj #a cow #ad4jj #a heifer #ac4jj #a ,red ,steer #f4jj #a ,dark ,steer #ac4jj ,,tools1 ,,farm ,,equipment ,,and ,,implements ,,of ,,husbandry #a ,lot old gear #b4gj #a ,lot old plough gear #b4ee ,cart gear ,harness c #b4dj #a ,lot old ,carriage irons c #d4ej #e ,mowing ,scythes #b4aj #b ,scythes ,cradles #b4ce #a ,grind ,stone #c4be #d ,sacking ,bags #a4jj #ab old tubs #be cts--#a cutting box #c4be #c4ej #a pair saddle bags #c4ej #c tubs1 barrel c 4#ce #b old pots oven c 4#be #a large iron kettle and soap #e4jj #b empty barrels and #a barrels soap #a4fg #c old tubs 4#ae #a ,light ,cart #cj4ej #a ,broad ,tread ,cart #aa4gj #a ,wagon #b extra ,bodys #cd4ej #a ,sand ,sifter 4#ej #a ,wheat fan #i4jj ,a pacel ,rye and ,oat ,straw #ah4jj #b old grain hogsheads 4#ej #a augur crank c 4#ge old harness 4#ab-a_/b #a box and some glass 4#ej #c barrels some salt 4#fj #a old ,saddle 4#be #i old barrels 4#fb #d empty stands or ,hogsheads #b4cg-a_/b #c empty ,hogsheads #b barrels #b4ab-a_/b #b pair ,shears and ,keg ,white ,lead #a4cg-a_/b #a ,sett ,scales ,weights ,jugs 4#ea #a pair ,stirrup 4#ce #a parcel ,shvel and ,spades #a4ge #b ,forks and ,rake 4#ej #a ,lot ,swingletrees #a4hj #b ,wheel ,barrows #a4ab #a old ,cart ,body1 ,shafts1 c #c4ee #a ,carriage harness #ce4jj #a ,saddle and ,bridle #h4jj #a rope 4#bf #a ,sett ,blacksmith's ,tools #bj4ge #a bucket old iron 4#ca #c ,halter ,chains 4#ge #a ,jack ,screw #b4jj #a old boring machine #a4jj #a chain and old plough share 4#ee #a ,crow bar and ,bar of ,iron #a4cg-a_/b #a ,barshear plough #g4ej #a ,dutch plough 4#hg-a_/b #c ,chopping ,axes #a4ae #a ,lot ,carpenters tools #b4be--a ,log ,chain #a #c4be #b axes #b4be #a ,small ,bar ,shear plough #g4ej #a ,large ,bar ,shear plough #g4be #a ,large ditto-old #a4jj #c old ploughs 4#ab-a_/b #a pair ,steelyards #a4jj #e ,hilling ,hoes fork #a4be #a ,harrow #e4jj ,,appendix ,e ,transcript of part of an affidavit from ,thomas ,r4 ,love and ,alfred ,moss to ,judge ,john ,scott of the ,circuit ,superior ,court4 ,to the ,honble ,john ,scott ,judge of the ,circuit ,superior ,court of ,law and ,chancery of the ,county of ,fairfax4 ,respectfully ,complaining ,herewith unto your ,honor1 your ,orators ,thomas ,r4 ,love guardian of ,charles ,r4 and ,armistead ,t4 ,moss1 and ,alfred ,moss guardian of ,edgar and ,john ,thomas ,moss1 the three first infant ,children of ,thomas ,moss decd the last named the infant son of ,jno ,moss decd son of ,thomas ,moss-- ,that ,thomas ,moss died intestate on the day of ,october1 #ahci1 leaving ,seven ,children and ,one grand ,child in all his ,heirs at ,law--viz4 ,anna ,r4 ,love the wife of your ,orator ,thomas ,r4 ,love1 ,robert ,moss1 ,alfred ,moss1 ,thomas ,moss the four infant ,children just named--,edgar the ,eldest of these infant ,children will be #bj years old in ,november of the present year4 ,charles ,r4 will be #ah years old in the month of ,march #ahdj1 ,armistead #af in the month of ,december in the present year and ,john ,thomas ,moss will years old in the month of #ah4 ,the real ,estate of which ,thomas ,moss died seized in was the tract of land on which he resided at the time of his death situated on both sides of the ,little ,river ,turnpike ,road about ,six miles from ,alexandria containing about #cbj ,acres4 ,this tract of land is the only real ,estate to which the ,heirs at ,law of said ,thomas ,moss are entitled in the said ,county of ,fairfax or ,elsewhere--,this tract of land is naturally a thin soil but from a careful course of husbandry for a number of years1 is now in a good state of cultivation1 the fields well enclosed by good and substantial fencing1 the land not in cultivation well taken with grass 7clover and timothy7 and that in cultivation just sown down in winter grass1 and the buildings in a good state of repair1 the barn and stables having been ,erected in the last two or three years-- ,your orators have been advised by persons in the neighbourhood with whom they have conversed1 with the view of getting the best advice and information on the subject that the tract of land would not now rent for more than per annum1 which would give to each of the ,heirs in the shape of rent ,twenty five or ,thirty dollars annually--while on the other hand owing as your ,orators believe to the ,convenient distance thence to ,alexandria1 ,george ,town and ,washington and the improved state of the farm in other respects1 it would sell upon the usual terms of ,sales of land for ,twenty five dollars per ,acre and thus afford an interest on the sale nearly double the annual rent--,in addition to the fact that the rent would greatly fall short of the interest on the sale your orators have been advised that the property in the hands of tenants would in the course of a few years be excessively injured and lessened in value1 the soil impoverished1 the buildings and fencing neglected and suffered to delapidate perhaps destroyed4 ,it is obvious that the land cannot be advantageously divided among the heirs ,eight in number it would give about forty acres to each heir1 and this without regard to improvements--,and the consideration deeply affecting the interests of the infant is that this farm must be rented out all the shares together manifestly--if therefore those now of age and those that soon will be of age should sell their shares each share thus sold off1 will not only proportionally lessen in value the shares of the other remaining unsold1 but will place the younger children as they come of age in the power and at the mercy of the person who shall have purchased the other shares of the co-terminus neighbour4 ,in the ,end the consequence will be that the two or three younger children will not only be forced to sell1 being hemmed in on all sides1 and not able to add to their ,inheritance but must sell at any price they are offered4 ,your orators further state that besides the real ,estate before mentioned in which their wards have as interest ,one ,eighth each1 after the payment of the debts of ,thomas ,moss deceased so far as it is practicable to make an ,estimate at this time1 it is believed that a surplus will be left for distribution of about fifteen or sixteen thousand dollars1 which will give to each child say two thousand-- ,viewing the present interest as well as the future interests of their wards your orators are of the opinion from the facts hereinbefore stated1 that the interests of their wards manifestly require a sale of the real ,estate herein before mentioned and that the rights of others will not be thereby violated4 ,and to that end and in pursuance of the ,acts of the ,gen'l ,assembly in such cases made and provided1 they pray that said ,anna ,r4 ,love late ,anna ,r4 ,moss1 ,alfred ,moss1 ,robert1 ,thomas ,edgar1 ,charles ,r41 ,armistead and ,john ,thomas ,moss be made parties defendants to this bill--that the said ,anna ,r4 ,love the wife of your orator and ,alfred ,moss who would be two of the ,heirs of either of said infants if they are dead and that said ,anna ,r4 be permitted to answer for herself as if feme sole4 ,that the said ,anna ,r4 ,love1 ,robert ,moss1 ,alfred ,moss1 ,thomas ,moss and all the other infants herein before mentioned who are over fourteen years of age may be compelled to answer this bill in proper person or oath--,that a ,guardian ,ad ,litem may be appointed according to ,law to defend and answer for those infants as well those over fourteen years1 as those under fourteen years of age4--,that your orators may have a ,decree of the ,ct authorizing the sale of the said land in such manner and upon such terms of credit as to your ,honor may seem right--,and your orators pray for all other further action by your ,honor in the premises as may be right proper according to the ,act of assembly made and provided in such cases--,may it please your honor c4 7,certified by ,j4 ,b4 ,hunter1 a ,justice of the ,peace1 #bi ,october #ahci7 ,appendix ,f ,fairfax ,county 7,va47 ,will ,book ,t-#a1 page #bbc3 ,december #b1 #ahci ,thomas ,moss' slaves divided among the several heirs4 ,lot #a--,to ,robert ,moss--,jim #ge4jj1 ,winney #ge4jj1 ,teuton #cjj and1 to pay ,lot #g #cj #dbj4 ,lot #b--,to ,john ,t4 ,moss--,dominick #dbe1 and1 to pay ,lot #g #e #dbj4 ,lot #c--,to ,armistead ,moss--,sarah #dej1 and1 to pay ,lot #g #he and ,lot #f #de #dbj4 ,lot #d--,to ,charles ,moss--,martha #dej1 and1 to pay ,lot #g #cj #dbj4 ,lot #e--,to ,thomas ,moss ,anzau 787--,laura #cej1 ,frances #dej1 and1 pay ,lot #g #cj #dbj4 ,lot #f--,to ,alfred ,moss--,carolina #bjj1 ,harriet #age1 and payment from ,lot #c #de4 #dbj4 ,lot #g--,to ,edgar ,moss--,susan #bjj1 ,t4 ,r4 ,love #bhj1 plus others by amount of keeping ,louisa1 an insane negro #bdj #dbj4 ,we have valued the advancement made to ,t4 ,r4 ,love in negro ,henry #gjj1 plus bond of a ,moss daughter1 and to pay to ,lot #g #bhj #dbj4 ,,appendix ,g ,a ,visit from ,mr4 ,polevoy ,,the ,,new ,,republic ,soviet newspapers are bitter about the insincerity of ,american visitors to their country4 ,while in the ,,ussr1 they say1 ,americans are lavish with their praise1 but on returning home1 they speak quite differently of ,russia to their fellow ,americans4 ,our newspapers in turn maintain that ,soviet delegations to this country wear a mask of friendliness but once back in ,russia present a hostile and unrecognizable picture of the ,united ,states4 ,do visiting ,soviet delegations present a true picture of their travels here to their own people8 ,the editors of ,the ,,nr have been given an opportunity to test this question4 ,a delegation of leading ,soviet writers visited the ,united ,states in ,october1 #aiee1 under the chairmanship of ,boris ,kampov-,polevoy1 a ,soviet novelist and ,secretary of the ,union of ,soviet ,writers4 ,mr4 ,polevoy and four members of his delegation spent one evening at the house of the ,,nr editor-at-large4 ,in the third of his articles on his journeys through the ,,us published in the ,march issue of the ,soviet monthly1 ,oktyabr1 ,mr4 ,polevoy describes the occasion as he remembers it4 ,a translation of his article1 and our comments follow4 ,in the evening we were invited to be the guests of ,mr4 ,michael ,straight1 editor of the magazine ,the ,new ,republic1 at his out-of-town villa bearing the poetic name of ,green ,spring ,farm4 ,this tiny villa was in no way different from the small suburban houses of well-to-do members of the intelligentsia which we already had the opportunity of visiting4 ,alone the huge agglomeration of books on long shelves--quite unusual for an ,american home--and the beautiful pictures on the walls revealed that the owners of this house had a passion for literature and an artistic taste which could enable them to discriminate between works of genuine art and the militant flatness1 which under the mask of innovationism has impertinently seized the key positions in ,american art4 ,there were canvasses and drawings which not only prompted one to wonder on passing by1 but which induced a desire to stop1 to admire and to think4 ,the people who had gathered at the house were interesting too--journalists who had traveled a great deal1 who had witnessed many events1 who were able to think4 ,a unionist leader was also present--an observing1 aggressive1 skeptical man4 ,at the outset--as it is the custom in the ,united ,states--the host showed us around his house4 ,the five of us were jammed in for quite a while on the second floor in the tiny bedrooms of his two sons4 ,david1 the eldest1 a fair-haired1 healthy looking youngster1 had his little room in a state of complete disorder4 ,the radio was roaring1 the gay green parakeets were screaming4 ,some radio parts together with books1 screwdrivers1 tubes of glue1 bookbinders and knives were heaped on the table4 ,the little occupant1 apparently ready to go to bed1 was sitting on his bed without his shirt and was reading something4 ,at the sight of strangers he felt bashful1 grabbed his shirt1 started putting it on and when his head eventually emerged through its collar1 his face and his ears were flushed and his brow pearled with sweat4 ,however1 having dressed1 he immediately regained his composure and1 as though nothing had happened1 stretched out his hand with earnest poise4 ,david--he introduced himself4 ,his younger brother1 ,mikey1 had an artistic temperament4 ,his table was all smeared with water-colors and pictures were hanging on the walls--fantastic tanks1 ships1 sinister profiles of ,indians1 noble-featured cowboys wearing hats of incredible dimensions4 ,mikey was evidently successful in this hobby of his and1 after looking at his drawings1 one could tell him without false flattery that he was an artist of the realist school and that many of his pictures were more accurate and perfect as to form than whatever is being exhibited by quite adult uncles at the opening of exhibitions of the so-called new art4 ,mikey dressed1 too1 and we came down in a group to the living room where ,gribatchov was having an argument with our ,american colleagues4 ,the topic was familiar1 ,i should even say a classical one--the freedom of the press4 ,in the heat of the dispute the ,,nr publisher proposed to ,gribatchov an exchange of articles on important international topics under reciprocal terms--once a week the editor of ,the ,new ,republic would publish an article in the ,literary ,gazette presenting the ,american viewpoint on some specific problem and once a week a representative of the ,literary ,gazette would give the ,soviet point of view in an article in ,the ,new ,republic4 ,apparently this idea seemed very attractive to our ,american colleague1 and he was attacking ,gribatchov with quite a lot of energy4 ,i did not have a chance to hear the argument to its end4 ,the fair-haired ,david1 with whom ,i had become quite friendly1 dragged me away to the next room4 ,we conversed in the manner of cavemen1 using dramatic gesticulations and incoherent sounds1 and yet we somehow managed to understand each other4 ,david even managed to convey that he had built that radio himself1 and that he likes to listen to ,russian music4 ,in proof of this he even sang1 with boyish diligence and with a broken juvenile basso1 a melody taken out of ,swan ,lake4 ,however1 he rendered it with a foxtrot rhythm4 ,i really liked that lively ,american youngster with his tall build1 his curly fair hair1 his rooster-like voice and his absent-minded disposition which strongly reminded me of my eldest son4 ,david showed me his favorite books1 and then he suddenly produced a peculiar-looking magazine printed with a multigraph4 ,he prodded his chest in a self-satisfied manner to demonstrate to me that this was his own magazine4 ,he showed me a caricature drawing with his finger and then pointed his finger at ,mikey1 thus making clear that his brother was the artist4 ,then the children ran back to the living room and came back dragging their father with them and ,m4 ,m4 ,lopuchin1 whom they had literally abducted out of an interesting conversation with the ladies4 ,it was then that ,i came to hear the story of the magazine1 which bore the romantic name ,the ,green ,spring-,menemsha ,gazette4 99 99 99 99 99 ,michael senior1 the children's father1 evidently liked their undertaking4 ,he sat down on the carpet next to us and as he was turning the pages of the magazine1 he told us that out of a wish to imitate their father1 the children had decided to start a publication4 ,they wrote articles and other items1 prepared illustrations and caricatures and arranged the whole material inside a copybook4 ,they kept quiet so long that their parents wondered what their rowdy boys were doing4 ,the parents went upstairs and found the boys busy over a heap of papers2 the ,gazette was already being paged up4 ,david1 the editor of the publication1 knew from his father's experience that every printed organ must have readers4 ,the children begged their father to give them a typewriter and when they got it1 began to type patiently1 with one finger1 one page after the other1 learning the art of typing in the process of their work4 ,seeing that the children's interest did not abate1 the father gave them a present--a cheap toy ,shapirograph--to print their magazine4 ,having secured production equipment1 the editorial staff began to work with renewed energy4 ,david1 who up to that time was sharing his interest among many pursuits1 forsook his former preferences4 ,even the little green parakeets1 whom he loved dearly1 were left without food quite often and sadly chattered in their cage4 ,david had the jobs of editor1 author of articles and typographer4 ,the sturdy ,mikey was the publisher1 artist and supplier of funny stories4 ,a neighbor's little girl1 ,xandra ,babel1 was responsible for the news and special events--indispensable departments of every ,american editorial unit worthy of this name4 ,at any rate1 no matter how1 the magazine eventually appeared4 ,it was even printed in #ge copies1 diligently bound and1 the following year when the family left for the beach during the hot season1 to the mother's great dismay1 the whole issue and even the typographic equipment consisting of the typewriter and the multigraph as well as the paper stocks were taken along4 ,illustration3 ,boris ,kampov-,polevoy ,during the summer the children made friends with a certain ,mr4 ,zur1 an original character and owner of the ,menemsha store4 ,the old man liked children and whenever they came to his shop to buy candy1 salted nuts or a bag of popcorn1 they always used to stay there for a while and discuss the weather1 politics and all sorts of events with him4 ,mr4 ,zur used to talk to children as though they were grownups1 and this contributed a lot to his popularity4 ,when they arrived at the summer resort1 the first thing the children did was to run to their old friend's shop and there1 as they were eating fresh cracking popcorn1 they told him the staggering news--they had published a magazine4 ,a magazine8 ,and how much costs one copy of your magazine1 gentlemen8 inquired ,mr4 ,zur in a businesslike manner4 ,the children exchanged quick glances4 ,somehow they had not arrived at the thought that their magazine could be sold4 ,it costs nothing1 sir1 ,david started saying4 ,no1 no1 it costs one dollar1 the quick-witted ,mikey interrupted his brother as this new aspect of their hobby began to dawn upon him4 ,one dollar4 ,it's rather expensive1 gentlemen4 ,however1 ,i enjoy reading1 and so ,i will buy one copy1 replied the old shopkeeper and handed over a dirty green bill to the journalists4 ,they were left quite speechless by this development4 ,the business was continued4 ,realizing that there were quite a few funny people among the dwellers in that summer resort and wishing to please his little friends1 old ,zur took over the newsstand sale of their publication on a commission basis4 ,he even displayed the magazine in his shop window4 ,to his astonishment1 the whole of the first issue was sold out4 ,four more followed4 ,by the end of the summer1 the boys' income1 after deduction of expenses and commissions1 amounted to roughly #ej4 ,the children gave this money--not without some regret1 to be truthful--to the local fishermen whose boats had been shattered against the rocks of the coast by a passing hurricane4 ,inspired by the unexpected success of their first year's operations1 the editorial staff resumed publication in the following summer at that same resort4 ,it proved even more interesting4 ,it contained interviews with fishermen and lobstermen and a story told by an old captain of a fishing schooner1 who was spending his declining years in a dilapidated shack by the seashore4 ,that huge1 hoarse1 bearded giant was always drunk4 ,but in his rare moments of sobriety he was kind1 used to give candy to the children and nobody could tell fascinating sea adventure stories better than he did4 ,mikey managed to catch him in such a mood and the magazine was adorned1 as a result1 with a powerful story by the old captain about a hurricane that threw ships around like bits of paper and about the rescue of a beautiful lady passenger who had been thrown into the ocean by the roaring gale1 by the captain himself1 who saved her out of the waves at the risk of his own life4 99 99 99 99 99 ,the children's hobby1 which so clearly demonstrated their propensity toward journalism1 greatly interested us4 ,during our visits with various ,american families our attention had been drawn more than once to this good trait--if indeed it is not a tradition--which makes the children familiarize themselves with the profession of their father1 or their grandfather1 or some close relative4 ,in the apartment of an auto-mechanic we saw a small lathe and a block on which a little fellow was filing something4 ,in the family of a musician1 little girls played on the violin4 ,the little son of a well-known ,hollywood scenario-creator told us excitedly how he and his little brothers and sisters were making a film4 ,a child's game gradually develops into an absorbing interest1 and maybe in these games which are treated seriously1 not only by the children but as a rule by the adults too1 the seed of his future profession is planted in the child's brain4 ,i expressed the wish to become a subscriber to the ,green ,spring-,menemsha ,gazette for a full year and took out a #e bill4 ,the editor and the publisher exchanged glances4 ,they obviously wished to get a foreign subscriber4 ,but what if this should create trouble of some kind8 ,were they entitled to mail their magazine abroad1 and moreover1 to a country like the ,,ussr8 ,what would their father and mother say8 ,and how would ,mr4 ,john ,foster ,dulles react8 ,illustration3 ,green ,spring-,menemsha ,gazette ,david carefully pushed the bill away1 back to my end of the table4 ,i1 of course1 felt offended4 ,could it be that ,i had no right to subscribe to an ,american magazine8 ,why such discrimination8 ,the editor whispered something to the publisher who ran out of the room and came back dragging ,michael senior in once more4 ,the father laughed4 ,he apparently had no objection to the mailing abroad of the magazine which was being published under his sponsorship4 ,all the periodical publications of good standing always have foreign subscribers4 ,however1 ,michael senior had objections against any monetary transaction with countries abroad4 ,it was agreed that the subscription would be handled on a clearing basis3 the ,green ,spring-,menemsha ,gazette would be mailed to the ,,ussr in exchange for our children's magazine ,the ,pioneer4 ,we shook hands on this transaction1 concluded to the mutual satisfaction of the high contracting parties4 ,when we returned to the living room1 the debate about the freedom of the press was still continuing4 ,but the two sides had exchanged places4 ,gribatchov was the one who led the attack now2 the idea of exchanging articles with ,the ,new ,republic had gradually excited him4 ,publisher ,harrison1 on the contrary1 was taking a defensive stand3 he was already foreseeing numerous difficulties obstructing the materialization of his project4 ,the unionist leader was sitting on the sofa next to them4 ,he was a tall man with a pale face with an ironical expression1 and he was gently mocking the discomfited publisher4 ,really1 why shouldn't there be an exchange of articles with a ,russian paper8 ,so finally they came to no conclusion at all4 ,we were taking our seats in the car when ,david manfully shook hands with me and suddenly asked3 ,maybe you will write from ,moscow a contribution for publication in ,the ,green ,spring-,menemsha ,gazette8 ,our magazine will gladly publish it1 ,i can promise you4 ,my negotiations with the editors of the ,gazette appeared to be more fruitful than the ones ,gribatchov had had with ,the ,new ,republic4 ,,july #af1 #aief ,editors' ,note3 ,there are1 of course1 some errors in ,mr4 ,polevoy's story4 ,many are due1 as he notes1 to the fact that parts of the conversation were conducted through dramatic gesticulations and incoherent sounds4 ,bill ,seward1 the youthful proprietor of ,menemsha's post office and store1 for example1 may not recognize himself as the ancient ,mr4 ,zur1 and the author of ,cassandra ,bobble1 a fictional caricature of society columnists1 will be surprised to see her creation re-emerge in ,russian as ,xandra ,babel the neighbor's girl reporter4 ,more substantial1 in the editor's opinion1 is his view that it was ,mr4 ,gribatchov and not ,mr4 ,harrison who doubted the practicality of an exchange of articles4 ,and yet as many errors of detail and interpretation would no doubt be found were we to describe an evening spent in ,mr4 ,polevoy's villa outside ,moscow4 ,as far as the general tone of ,mr4 ,polevoy's account is concerned we cannot complain4 ,mr4 ,polevoy1 after all1 is describing an evening in the home of an opponent of the political administration in power4 ,soviet readers learn that it is a comfortable place1 lived in by a family substantially free from fear4 ,the author refers in a mocking way to the shadow of ,john ,foster ,dulles and mentions the reluctance of the boys to take his #e 7the reason1 lost in translation1 was that they would not be publishing their paper in #aief74 ,but just as ,mr4 ,polevoy seems about to conclude with a political moral1 he demolishes this traditional ending in favor of the truth4 ,for the discussion which ,mr4 ,polevoy describes ended with a whispered aside which the host found startling4 ,we will put you on the subscriber's list to ,the ,pioneer6 ,mr4 ,polevoy had roared to the boys2 then he drew their father aside3 ,that is1 if it will not hurt you1 he whispered4 ,the host laughed and explained that he and his sons were free citizens1 able to read whatever they pleased and happy to receive literature from other lands4 ,it seems gratifying to us that this small but memorable incident has found its way into the ,soviet press4 ,,michael ,,straight ,,list ,,of ,,source ,,materials ,,books ,clarke1 ,e42 ,potts1 ,j4 ,m42 and ,payton1 ,j4 ,s41 eds4 ,the ,journal and ,letters of ,francis ,asbury4 ,nashville3 ,abingdon ,press1 #aieh4 ,davis1 ,r4 ,b4 ,intellectual ,life in ,jefferson's ,virginia4 ,chapel ,hill3 ,university of ,north ,carolina ,press1 #aifd4 ,gutheim1 ,frederick4 ,the ,potomac4 ,new ,york3 ,rinehart1 #aidi4 ,harrison1 ,fairfax4 ,landmarks of ,old ,prince ,william4 ,berryville1 ,va43 ,chesapeake ,book ,co41 #aifd4 ,herndon1 ,m4 ,tobacco in ,colonial ,virginia4 ,williamsburg3 ,virginia #cejth ,anniversary ,celebration ,corporation1 #aieg4 ,hulbert1 ,a4 ,paths of ,inland ,commerce4 ,new ,haven3 ,yale ,university ,press1 #aiba4 ,johnston1 ,frederick4 ,memorials of ,old ,virginia ,clerks4 ,lynchburg3 ,bell ,co41 #ahhh4 ,jones1 ,virgil ,c4 ,ranger ,mosby4 ,chapel ,hill3 ,university of ,north ,carolina ,press1 #aidd4 ,moger1 ,a4 ,w4 ,the ,rebuilding of the ,old ,dominion 7,ph,d thesis74 ,new ,york3 ,columbia ,university1 #aidj4 ,mosby1 ,j4 ,s4 ,mosby's ,war ,memoirs and ,stuart's ,cavalry ,campaigns4 ,new ,york3 ,pageant ,book ,company1 #aieh4 ,porter4 ,a4 ,o4 ,country ,government in ,virginia4 ,new ,york3 ,columbia ,university ,press1 #aidg4 ,russell1 ,c4 ,w41 ed4 ,the ,memoirs of ,colonel ,john ,s4 ,mosby4 ,boston3 ,little ,brown1 #aiag4 ,virginia ,good ,roads ,convention4 ,programme4 ,richmond3 ,stone ,printing ,co41 ,october #ah1 #ahid4 ,who's ,who in ,america4 #aiff-aifg4 ,volume ,,xxxiv4 ,chicago3 ,a4 ,n4 ,marquis ,company4 ,williamson1 ,james4 ,mosby's ,rangers4 ,new ,york3 ,sturgis ,walton1 #aiji4 ,,articles ,abbott1 ,r4 ,h4 ,yankee ,farmers in ,northern ,virginia3 #ahdj-ahfj4 ,virginia ,magazine of ,history and ,biography1 v4 #gf1 ,no4 #a 7,january #aifh71 pp4 #ef-ff4 ,funk1 ,w4 ,c4 ,an ,economic ,history of ,small ,farms near ,washington1 ,d4,c4 ,u4,s4 ,department of ,agriculture ,bulletin #hdh4 ,washington1 ,d4,c43 ,government ,printing ,office1 #aibj4 ,a ,new ,house with ,young ,ideas4 ,house and ,garden4 ,december #aieh4 ,straight1 ,michael4 ,a ,visit from ,mr4 ,polevoy4 ,the ,new ,republic1 v4 #ace1 ,no4 #c 7,july #af1 #aief71 pp4 #ab-ae4 ,willis1 ,k4 ,m4 ,old ,fairfax ,homes ,give ,up a ,secret4 ,the ,american ,motorist ,magazine1 v4 #g1 ,no4 #b 7,may #aicb71 p4 #af4 ,,official ,,government ,,records ,,and ,,reports ,annual ,report of the ,president and ,directors of the ,board of ,public ,works to the ,general ,assembly of ,virginia4 #ahah1 #ahai1 #ahbj4 ,fairfax ,county1 ,virginia4 ,deedbooks4 4 ,minute ,books4 4 ,order ,books4 4 ,will ,books4 ,hening1 ,william ,w41 ed4 ,statutes at ,large1 #ahbc4 ,reprint ed41 ,charlottesville3 ,university of ,virginia1 #aifi4 ,national ,archives1 ,military ,records ,division1 ,washington1 ,d4,c4 ,compiled ,service ,records of ,confederate ,soldiers who ,served in ,organizations from ,virginia4 ,microcopy #cbd1 ,roll #bjg1 ,hounshell's ,bat4 ,cav4 ,partisan ,rangers1 ,m-,z and ,mosby's ,bat4 ,cav4 ,partisian ,rangers ,a-,d4 ,official ,records of the ,war of the ,rebellion4 ,washington1 ,d4,c43 ,government ,printing ,office1 #ahhh4 ,official ,registers of ,officers and ,employees of the ,civil1 ,military and ,naval ,service of the ,united ,states4 7,issued ,biennially47 ,washington1 ,d4,c43 ,government ,printing ,office4 ,shepherd4 ,statutes4 ,status of ,virginia ,agriculture in #ahgj in ,report of the ,commissioner of ,agriculture4 #ahgj4 ,washington1 ,d4,c43 ,government ,printing ,office1 #ahga1 p4 #bfg-bia4 ,u4,s4 ,treasury ,department4 ,service ,record 7,form #dbf71 ,beattie1 ,fountain4 7,file in custody of ,federal ,records ,center 7,,gsa71 ,st4 ,louis1 ,mo47 ,,newspaper ,the ,alexandria ,gazette ,,manuscripts ,the ,journal of ,john ,littlejohn1 ,,ms4 ,methodist ,churches1 ,louisville1 ,kentucky1 ,april #bi1 #aggh4 7,copy courtesy of ,reverend ,melvin ,steadman47 ,truro ,parish ,vestry ,book1 #agcb-ahjc1 ,,ms4 ,library of ,congress4 ,,miscellaneous ,fullerton1 ,w4 ,address to ,piedmont ,agricultural ,society1 ,october #ahgf4 ,macomber1 ,walter2 ,schlebecker1 ,john2 and ,straight1 ,michael and ,belinda4 ,tape-recorded interviews4 99 99 99 99 99 ,transcriber's ,notes ,original1 sometimes very archaic spellings retained4 ,photographs still under copyright on pages #cb1 #db1 #dd1 and #ef 7,figures #i1 #aa-ac1 and #af-ah7 excluded4 ,superscripts marked with a carat 7i4e4 ,revd74 ,passages in italics indicated by underscores4