,wild ,birds 9 ,city ,p>ks ,be+ h9ts on id5tify+ #ade birds1 prep>$ prim>ily = ! spr+ migration 9 ,l9coln ,p>k1 ,*icago ,,by ,h]b]t ,eug5e ,walt] ,,& ,alice ,hall ,walt] ,,revis$ ,,& ,,enl>g$ ,,edition ,,) ,,*>t ,,& ,,key ,*icago ,a4 ,w4 ,mum=d ,company1 ,publi%]s #cgh ,waba% ,av5ue #aijf ,copyright #aija1 #aijb & #aijd by ,alice ,hall ,walt] ,note to ,?ird ,edition4 ,) ! cont9u$ success ( ?is little booklet ! au?ors h be5 l$ to revise & enl>ge ! pres5t issue 9 ! hope t x w prove m helpful & complete to ^? beg9n+ ! outdoor /udy ( birds4 ,! new features ( ?is edition are ! addition ( =ty-five birds--! majority ( :i* are %ore & wat] birds--& a simple field key4 ,! numb] ( ea* bird z giv5 9 ! *eck-li/ ( ! ,am]ican ,orni?ologi/'s ,union has also be5 ins]t$ aft] its sci5tific "n z an aid 9 ref]r+ to l>g] bird-books4 ,! subject matt] has be5 c>efully rewritt5 & ! ord] ( ! birds re>rang$ 9 accordance ) data cov]+ obs]vations dur+ ! la/ sev5 ye>s1 z well z ! *>ts :i* %[ ! relative abundance ( ! birds & ! height ( ! migration 9 ,l9coln ,p>k4 ,we wi% to ?ank our fri5ds = _! k9d support 9 fur!r+ our ef=ts to enl>ge ! circle ( admir]s :i* ! wild birds s ri*ly des]ve4 ,all nature is s full t t di/rict produces ! greate/ v>iety :i* is mo/ exam9$4 --,gilb]t ,:ite1 #agfh4 ,preface4 ,! object ( ?is little book is to furni% ^? :o may be int]e/$ 9 mak+ ! acqua9tance ( wild birds ) a simple lett] ( introduction to #ade birds1 ! majority ( :i* are commonly se5 dur+ ! spr+ migration4 ,complete descriptions h be5 avoid$1 9 ! belief t ! /ud5t %\ld rely ^u 8 own obs]vation = ! discov]y ( m9or details4 ,! liv+ bird is ! "o important fact :i* w make ! brief h9ts (f]$ ( value4 ,anyone c>+ to make use ( ^! h9ts may be assur$ t dur+ ! migrations ( ! birds city dwell]s h "o ( ! ke5e/ delights ( c\ntry life br\ght to _! v doors1 because _m birds1 migrat+ l>gely at night1 are attract$ by ! lights ( ! city & /op (f 9 _! long j\rney to fe$1 s t a city p>k (t5 conta9s a great] v>iety ( fea!r$ visitors ?an an equal area 9 ! c\ntry4 ,we wi% to rem9d ^? ( our fri5ds :o h ask$ = pictures 9 a future edition t ?is book actually is copi\sly illu/rat$ by hundr$s ( liv+ birds e spr+time 9 our p>ks & ar\nd our homes1 illu/rations t are all life size1 absolutely accurate 9 detail & color$ true to nature4 ,z = ! birds 99 99 99 !y add immeasurably to ! :olesome beauty ( life4 --,!odore ,roosevelt1 9 ,bird ,lore1 ,vol4 ,,ii1 p4 #ih4 ,g5]al ,h9ts4 ,a good obs]v] is quick to take a h9t & foll[ x up4--,john ,burr\ghs4 ,! id5tification ( birds dep5ds q z mu* ^u accurate obs]vation ( _! size1 motions1 flight1 *>act]i/ic attitudes1 mann] ( fe$+1 company1 song1 call-notes & haunts1 z ^u details ( =m & color4 ,especial c>e is necess>y to insure correct e/imates ( size = ! reason t liv+ birds (t5 appe> small] to ! unpractic$ eye ?an !y actually are4 ,! famili> ,engli% ,sp>r[ is a conv5i5t /&>d ( size because x is usually at h& 9 our city p>ks = in/ant ref]5ce4 ,rememb]+ t x is #f in*es long a practical ?\gh r\gh division ( wild birds may be made z foll[s3-- #a4 ,birds small] ?an ! ,engli% ,sp>r[4 #b4 ,birds ab\t ! size ( ! ,engli% ,sp>r[4 #c4 ,birds decid$ly l>g] ?an ! ,engli% ,sp>r[4 ,if a few g5]al *>act]i/ics ( ! pr9cipal bird-families be kept 9 m9d1 & ^! are quickly & almo/ unconsci\sly le>n$1 ! id5tity ( a /range bird may usually be n>r[$ d[n to a few possibilities4 ,= example3 99,woodpeck]s climb up & d[n ! trunks ( trees brac+ ) _! tails & tapp+ ! b>k vigor\sly2 99,nu?at*es are small] ?an woodpeck]s & h mu* ! same habit ( climb+ up & d[n tree-trunks b ) a fre] wig-wagg+ motion1 (t5 desc5d+ head d[nw>d2 99,flycat*]s sit erect ) droop+ tails1 wat*+ al]tly = insect prey ^u :i* !y p\nce 9 mid-air1 aft]w>ds return+ to _! p]*2 99,swall[s skim ?r\gh ! air 9 graceful & long su/a9$ flights2 99,sp>r[s h /\t se$-crack+ bills1 fe$ ^u ! gr\nd1 seldom fly high or f> at a "t & are = ! mo/ "p f9e song/]s2 99,w>bl]s are t9y1 tireless1 gaily-color$ explor]s ( ! twigs ( trees & bu%es2 99,k+lets are small] ?an w>bl]s & q z re/less 9 _! motions1 b arrive e>li] 9 ! migration2 99,wr5s1 ) tails erect1 slip m\se-l ab\t bru% heaps1 crevices & bu%es1 ?\gh (t5 p]*+ 9 sight :ile s++2 99,?ru%es1 :o ) ! exception ( ! ,rob9 & ,bluebird are v pla9ly dress$1 run ab\t on ! gr\nd /opp+ sudd5ly 9 a li/5+ attitude4 ,:5 s++ !y fly up to "s p]*1 al?\gh _m ( ! unrival$ s+]s ( ?is family are sil5t dur+ _! brief soj\rn 9 city p>ks2 99,vireos are mo/ at home on ! b\ghs ( trees & s+ freely z !y glide 9 & out among ! leaves to fe$4 ,female birds c usually be id5tifi$ aft] ! adult males h be5 se51 al?\gh ! females & "y ( _m species are obscurely m>k$ or q diff]5t f ! adult males1 a fact especially true ( ! w>bl]s4 ,immature birds are n consid]$ 9 ! pres5t s*eme ( /udy s9ce !y are a s\rce ( confusion to ! beg9n] & occur 9 any consid]able numb] only dur+ ! fall migration4 ,! "t ( arrival1 t is1 :5 a bird may be expect$ dur+ ! migration1 is a po9t wor?y ( p>ticul> att5tion4 ,_m wild guesses may be avoid$ by simply notic+ ! dates :5 a bird has be5 kn[n to arrive 9 any giv5 locality f ye> to ye>4 ,z a rule birds are id5tifi$ by ! me?od ( elim9ation4 ,suppose1 = example1 a small bird ( lively motions is se5 fe$+ among ! twigs ( a tree late 9 ,m>*4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 nei!r a w>bl] nor a vireo = ^! birds1 al?\gh active & frequ5t+ trees1 arrive mu* lat] 9 ! spr+4 ,provid$ x does n brace its tail & climb up & ar\nd ! trunk ( ! tree x is n likely to be a woodpeck]1 because ! motions ( woodpeck]s are too *>act]i/ic to be mi/ak54 ,9 simil> mann]1 al?\gh sp>r[s & juncos may h arriv$1 x is probably nei!r ( ^! s9ce x does n fe$ ^u ! gr\nd1 :ile its size precludes ! possibility ( its be+ any bird l>g] ?an ! ,engli% ,sp>r[4 ,!re are only a few birds !re=e1 :i* x might be & close obs]vation toge!r ) ! aid ( a few lead+ h9ts1 w usually settle ! "q4 ,9 any case wat* ! bird = x is bett] to look at ! bird ?an at a pr9t$ description ( x4 ,! safe/ way1 h[ev]1 is to make c>eful notes ab\t a /rang] on ! spot4 ,memory is nev] m trea*]\s ?an 9 ! case ( ! description ( a d\btful bird :5 "o appeals to "s book ( ref]5ce1 a museum collection or ! judgm5t ( o!rs4 ,x is n advisable to attempt ext5sive field-notes at fir/ b x is ess5tial to keep a daily1 dat$ li/ ( all id5tifi$ birds4 ,a blank *>t = ?is purpose is ins]t$ 9 ! back "p ( ! book4 ,nev] *ase birds4 ,h pati5ce1 /& /ill a great deal & use y\r common s5se all ! "t4 ,d n make y\rself believe t y see a c]ta9 bird because x has be5 report$ by o!rs4 ,d y\r own look+ & li/5+ & d x well4 ,if y _c g bird+ alone take along z few fri5ds z possible because birds are suspici\s ( human be+s 9 flocks1 especially :5 !y talk mu*4 ,a pair ( field or op]a-glasses is an invaluable aid1 al?\gh practice is necess>y 9 le>n+ to adju/ !m rapidly & to fix !m in/antly ^u ! bird4 ,d n feel oblig$ to use ! glasses :5 y are ne> en\gh to see well )\t !m4 ,keep ! sun at y\r back1 o!rwise colors w deceive y4 ,rememb] t birds d n /ay indoors on acc\nt ( ra91 cl\ds or unfavorable wea!r4 ,w>m spr+ ra9s lit]ally fill ! p>ks ) fea!r$ travel]s :o (t5 t>ry b a day4 ,p>ticul> ,h9ts4 ,note3--,! foll[+ "o hundr$ & f\rte5 birds are arrang$ 9 ! ord] ( _! av]age fir/ appe>ance 9 ,l9coln ,p>k1 bas$ ^u obs]vations made dur+ ! la/ sev5 ye>s4 ,= ! conv5i5ce ( ^? desir+ access to reliable s\rces ( in=mation1 ! sci5tific "n ( ea* bird is plac$ 9 p>5!sis bel[ its common "n1 foll[$ by its numb] 9 ! (ficial li/ ( ! ,am]ican ,orni?ologi/'s ,union4 ,foll[+ ! h9ts giv5 ab\t ea* bird are ! names 79 99black fac$ type7 ( any bird or birds = :i* x might easily be mi/ak54 #a4 ,,blue ,,jay4 #aa-a_/b 94 7,cyanocitta cri/ata4 #dgg47 ,black coll>2 cre/$2 w+s & tail deep blue1 :ite-tipp$ & black-b>r$2 bold2 h>%1 noisy call-note2 /ays ! ye> ar\nd 9 ,l9coln ,p>k4 99,logg]head ,%rike4 99,k+fi%]4 99,bluebird4 #b4 ,,logg]head ,,%rike4 #i 94 7,lanius ludovicianus4 #fbb47 ,slaty-gray2 commonly :ite b5ea?1 n m>k$ ) d>k transv]se l9es2 w+s & tail black1 m>k$ ) :ite2 hook$ bill2 b> ?r\gh ! eye & ov] =ehead1 black2 imitates notes ( o!r birds4 99,blue ,jay4 #c4 ,,rob94 #aj 94 7,m]ula migratoria4 #gfa47 ,d>k slate color2 black head2 yell[ bill2 ?roat :ite /reak$ ) black2 und]p>ts bright *e/nut r$2 s+s *e]-i-ly1 *e]-i-ly1 *e]-up2 ne/s 9 ,l9coln ,p>k4 99,t[hee4 #d4 ,,junco4 #f-a_/d 94 7,junco hiemalis4 #efg47 ,slate color2 blacki% bib 7female br[ni%7 ov] a :ite belly2 ivory bill1 two :ite tail-fea!rs2 fe$s 9 flocks on gr\nd1 (t5 9 company ) o!r birds2 sucks its tee? = a call-note2 song1 a melodi\s trill4 #e4 ,,mead[l>k4 #aj-a_/b 94 7,/urnella magna4 #eja47 ,/reak$2 black cresc5t on a bright yell[ brea/2 out] tail-fea!rs :ite2 flies /raight1 hov]+ z x rea*es ! gr\nd2 notewor?y song4 99,flick]4 99,dickcissel4 #f4 ,,cr[4 #ai 94 7,corvus am]icanus4 #dhh47 ,entirely black1 includ+ bill & feet2 (t5 se5 9 flocks2 w+s appe> fray$ & ragg$ 9 flight2 note1 a lu/y caw4 99,bronz$ ,grackle4 #g4 ,,bluebird4 #f-a_/b 94 7,sialia sialis4 #gff47 ,sky-blue2 br[ni%-r$ bel[2 usually 9 pairs2 sometimes ne/s 9 ,l9coln ,p>k2 call1 pu-ri-ty1 pu-ri-ty2 (t5 he>d be=e se54 99,blue ,jay4 #h4 ,,savanna ,,sp>r[4 #e-a_/d 94 7,pass]culus s&wi*5sis savanna4 #edb;a47 ,mu* /reak$ above & bel[2 l9e ov] eye & edge ( w+1 yell[i%2 *eek sometimes suffus$ ) yell[ t+e2 tail %ort1 fea!rs po9t$2 movem5ts /eal?y2 song1 a weak trill4 99,h5sl[ ,sp>r[4 #i4 ,,bronz$ ,,grackle4 #ac 94 7,quiscalus quiscula a5eus4 #eaa;b47 ,iridesc5t black2 body di/9ctly bronzy2 (t5 c>ries its tail rudd]wise 9 flight2 pomp\s walk2 ru/y1 grat+ call2 ne/s 9 ,l9coln ,p>k4 99,cr[4 #aj4 ,,song ,,sp>r[4 #f-a_/b 94 7,melospiza c9]ea melodia4 #eha47 ,r$di%-br[n1 %[+ black /reaks2 a%y l9e ov] eye2 :iti% bel[ ) d>k-br[n /reaks :i* =m a spot 9 ! middle ( ! brea/2 notewor?y song4 99,swamp ,sp>r[4 99,l9coln ,sp>r[4 #aa4 ,,c[bird4 #h 94 7,molo?rus at]4 #die47 ,male black ) glossy br[n head & neck2 sp>r[-l bill2 female br[ni%2 fly 9 l>ge flocks1 utt]+ a greasy1 squeak+ note4 99,bronz$ ,grackle4 99,ru/y ,blackbird4 #ab4 ,,tree ,,sp>r[4 #f-a_/d 94 7,spizella monticola4 #eei47 ,/reak$2 %[s mu* grayi%2 two %[y :ite w+-b>s2 *e/nut-br[n cap2 brea/ :iti%1 %ad+ to a d>k spot 9 ! middle2 9 flocks1 (t5 ) ,juncos2 returns nor? e>ly 9 ! season2 notewor?y song4 99,*ipp+ ,sp>r[4 99,field ,sp>r[4 #ac4 ,,fox ,,sp>r[4 #g-a_/b 94 7,pass>ella iliaca4 #ehe47 ,fox-r$ back & tail2 a%y ab\t neck & head2 :ite brea/ ?ickly /reak$ ) d>k spots2 scrat*es l a h52 al]t2 notewor?y song4 99,br[n ,?ra%]4 99,h]mit ,?ru%4 #ad4 ,,phoebe4 #g 94 7,sayornis phoebe4 #def47 ,dull olive-br[n2 d>k] on head & tail2 :iti% bel[2 bill & feet black2 tail droop+ b j]k+ con/antly2 note1 phoe'be4 99,wood ,pewee4 99,lea/ ,flycat*]4 #ae4 ,,t[hee4 #h-c_/d 94 7,pipilo ery?roph?almus4 #ehg47 ,black above & black bib 7female ri* br[n72 r$di%-br[n sides2 :ite und]nea?2 out] tail-fea!rs :ite2 scrat*es ab\t "u bu%es2 brilliant notes1 t[-hee' & *e-w9k'4 99,rob94 #af4 ,,d[ny ,,woodpeck]4 #f-a_/d 94 7,dryobates pubesc5s m$ianus4 #cid;c47 ,bill small2 closely resembles ! ,hairy ,woodpeck] b is sc>cely l>g] ?an ! ,engli% ,sp>r[ & has ! out] tail-fea!rs b>r$ ) black4 99,hairy ,woodpeck]4 99,yell[-belli$ ,sapsuck]4 #ag4 ,,gold5-,,cr[n$ ,,k+let4 #d 94 7,regulus satrapa4 #gdh47 ,olivace\s2 two :iti% w+-b>s2 orange-yell[ /ripe edg$ ) black on cr[n2 re/less & fe>less2 (t5 se5 fe$+ 9 ev]gre5s2 note1 rapid tzee1 tzee1 tzee4 99,ruby-,cr[n$ ,k+let4 #ah4 ,,flick]4 #ab-a_/b 94 7,colaptes auratus luteus4 #dab;a47 ,br[n1 b>r$ ) black2 head grayi%2 back ( neck m>k$ ) bright r$2 black cresc5t on c9namon-br[n spott$ brea/2 9 flight %[s :ite rump & yell[ l9+ ( w+s & tail2 fe$s mu* on gr\nd1 unlike o!r woodpeck]s2 call-note1 flee'-k]4 99,mead[l>k4 #ai4 ,,br[n ,,creep]4 #e-a_/b 94 7,c]?ia famili>is am]icana4 #gbf47 ,br[n f9ely /reak$ ) :ite2 silky :ite bel[2 long curv$ bill2 flies to ! base ( tree-trunks & works up 9 spirals brac+ ) its long po9t$ tail-fea!rs2 calls s(tly1 screep1 screep4 99,nu?at*es4 #bj4 ,,*ickadee4 #e-a_/d 94 7,p>us atricapillus4 #gce47 ,a%y-gray2 black ?roat & cap2 :ite *eeks2 fr[sy2 lively2 (t5 sw+s head d[nw>d f ! tips ( twigs2 song1 *ick-a-dee-dee2 call-note musical1 pewee1 sometimes confus$ ) note ( ,phoebe4 #ba4 ,,:ite-,,brea/$ ,,nu?at*4 #e-c_/d 94 7,sitta c>ol95sis4 #gbg47 ,a%y-blue2 cap & back ( ! neck1 black2 :ite bel[2 con/antly explor+ ! b>k ( trees b does n brace1 woodpeck] fa%ion1 ) its tail-fea!rs2 note1 nasal yank1 yank1 yank4 99,r$-brea/$ ,nu?at*4 99,br[n ,creep]4 #bb4 ,,belt$ ,,k+fi%]4 #ad 94 7,c]yle alcyon4 #cij47 ,blue-gray2 :ite coll>2 big1 cre/$ head2 sits erect wat*+ = fi% & flies ne> ! surface ( ! wat]1 utt]+ a rattl+ call2 summ]s 9 ,l9coln ,p>k4 #bc4 ,,yell[-,,belli$ ,,sapsuck]4 #h-a_/d 94 7,sphyrapicus v>ius4 #djb47 ,mix$ black & :ite2 yell[i%-:ite und]nea?2 /reak$ on sides2 :ite b> l5g?wise ! w+2 sc>let pat*1 bord]$ ) black on cr[n & ?roat 7female ) ?roat :ite72 h>%1 squeal+ note4 99,d[ny ,woodpeck]4 99,hairy ,woodpeck]4 #bd4 ,,ru/y ,,blackbird4 #i-a_/b 94 7,scolecophagus c>ol9us4 #eji47 ,black1 uni=mly iridesc5t & m or less ru/y2 tail almo/ ev52 female small] & ru/i] ) pale l9e ov] eye4 99,bronz$ ,grackle4 99,r$-w+$ ,blackbird4 #be4 ,,field ,,sp>r[4 #e-c_/d 94 7,spizella pusilla4 #efc47 ,/reak$2 cr[n & bill r$di%-br[n2 neck a%y2 br[ni%-:ite unspott$ brea/2 two indi/9ct :ite w+ b>s2 song1 fe-u1 fe-u1 fu1 fee1 fee1 fee1 beg9n+ sl[ly & end+ almo/ 9 a trill4 99,*ipp+ ,sp>r[4 99,tree ,sp>r[4 #bf4 ,,h]mit ,,?ru%4 #g-a_/d 94 7,hyloci*la guttata pallasii4 #gei;b47 ,olive-br[n2 tail r$di%-br[n2 bel[ dull :ite t+$ ) buff & ?ickly spott$ across ! brea/2 %y1 hid+ 9 bu%es2 fam\s = its song b sil5t dur+ migration4 99,o!r ,?ru%es4 #bg4 ,,r$-,,w+$ ,,blackbird4 #i-a_/d 94 7,agelaius pho5iceus4 #dih47 ,black2 sc>let %\ld]-/raps edg$ ) yell[2 female mu* /reak$1 m>k$ ) ru/y2 likes m>%y places2 note1 quonk-a-ree'4 99,c[bird4 99,ru/y ,blackbird4 #bh4 ,,ruby-,,cr[n$ ,,k+let4 #d-a_/d 94 7,regulus cal5dula4 #gdi47 ,d>k gre5i%-olive2 light und]nea?2 r+ ab\t eye & w+-b>s :ite2 male %[s at w a brilliant ruby cr[n-pat*2 rem>kable song4 99,gold5-cr[n$ ,k+let4 99,w>bl]s4 #bi4 ,,hairy ,,woodpeck]4 #i 94 7,dryobates villosus4 #cic47 ,:ite b& d[n ! middle ( black back2 w+s black spott$ ) :ite2 b5ea? :ite2 out] tail-fea!rs :ite n b>r$2 r$ b& on neck ( male2 l>ge bill2 note1 %>p resonant plick4 99,d[ny ,woodpeck]4 99,yell[-belli$ ,sapsuck]4 #cj4 ,,tree ,,swall[4 #f-a_/d 94 7,iridoprocne bicolor4 #fad47 ,metallic blue-gre52 %9+ :ite bel[2 tail appe>s ne>ly squ>e at end 9 flight2 (t5 se5 skimm+ ne> ! surface ( /ill wat]4 99,b>n ,swall[4 99,purple ,m>t94 #ca4 ,,c>d9al4 #h-a_/b 94 7,c>d9alis c>d9alis4 #eic47 ,bright r$1 includ+ l>ge blunt bill2 cre/$2 black m>k+s on face & ?roat2 female olive-gray1 t+$ lightly ) r$ & obscurely m>k$2 f9e song/]4 99,tanag]s4 #cb4 ,,:ite-,,?roat$ ,,sp>r[4 #g 94 7,zonotri*ia albicollis4 #eeh47 ,:ite ?roat2 unm>k$ a%y brea/2 :iti% on belly2 cr[n /rip$ ) black & :ite2 broad :ite /ripe ov] ! eye %ad+ to yell[ 9 front2 9 flocks ab\t %rubb]y2 cle>1 sweet :i/le1 pee-bod-dee-dee-dee4 99,:ite-cr[n$ ,sp>r[4 #cc4 ,,m>% ,,hawk4 #bb 94 7,circus hudsonius4 #cca47 ,blui% gray1 %[+ light /reaks2 gray bel[1 belly :ite m>k$ ) br[n2 tail b>r$2 :ite rump pat*2 female br[n1 b>r$ & /reak$ m heavily2 note %rill4 #cd4 ,,*ipp+ ,,sp>r[4 #e-c_/d 94 7,spizella socialis4 #efj47 ,/reak$2 pla9 a%y brea/2 two fa9t :ite w+-b>s2 *e/nut-br[n cap2 :iti% l9e ov] eye2 song1 a /rong cle> trill4 99,field ,sp>r[4 99,tree ,sp>r[4 #ce4 ,,m\rn+ ,,dove4 #ab 94 7,z5aidura macr\ra4 #caf47 ,gray-blue1 t+$ ) br[ni%2 tail broadly tipp$ ) :ite1 tap]+ to a n>r[ po9t2 sides ( neck iridesc5t2 m>k$ ) black on w+s & sides ( head2 rapid :i/l+ flight2 note1 coo-oo4 99,pigeon4 99,cuckoos4 #cf4 ,,w9t] ,,wr54 #d-a_/d 94 7,olbior*iles hiemalis4 #gbb47 ,d>k tawny-br[n1 b>r$ on w+s & tail2 light] bel[1 b>r$ po/]iorly2 pale l9e ov] eye2 /ub tail1 c>ri$ erect2 v f9e song4 99,o!r ,wr5s4 #cg4 ,,vesp] ,,sp>r[4 #f-a_/d 94 7,poaecetes gram9eus4 #edj47 ,/reak$ above & bel[2 und]p>ts :iti%1 t+$ ) buff across brea/ & on sides2 %[s two conspicu\s :ite tail fea!rs 9 flight2 notewor?y song4 99,female ,purple ,f9*4 #ch4 ,,myrtle ,,w>bl]4 #e-a_/b 94 7,d5droica coronata4 #fee47 ,blue-gray1 /reak$2 cr[n1 rump & spot on ea* side ( brea/1 yell[2 :ite bel[1 m>k$ on brea/ & sides ) black2 usually 9 small flocks4 99,magnolia ,w>bl]4 #ci4 ,,swamp ,,sp>r[4 #e-c_/d 94 7,melospiza georgiana4 #ehd47 ,v d>kly color$ & heavily /reak$2 *e/nut cap1 sometimes indi/9ctly /reak$2 black =ehead2 pla9 a%y brea/2 %y2 frequ5ts bu%es along ! wat]'s edge4 99,song ,sp>r[4 99,l9coln ,sp>r[4 #dj4 ,,purple ,,f9*4 #f-a_/d 94 7,c>podacus purpureus4 #eag47 ,n purple1 b fad$ crimson-r$1 some:at /reaky2 belly :iti%2 l>ge1 heavy bill2 female mottl$ olive-br[n1 resembl+ sp>r[s2 notewor?y song4 #da4 ,,c$> ,,waxw+4 #g 94 7,ampelis c$rorum4 #fai47 ,smoo? snuff-br[n2 cre/$2 *9 & l9e f bill to cre/1 black2 end ( tail b&$ ) yell[2 9 flocks2 monoton\s lisp+ note4 #db4 ,,wilson ,,?ru%4 #g-a_/d 94 7,hyloci*la fuscesc5s4 #gef47 ,uni=m tawny br[n2 no r+ ab\t ! eye2 bel[ :ite1 fa9tly t+$ & lightly spott$2 %y1 ab\t bu%es2 sometimes s+s 9 ,l9coln ,p>k4 99,o!r ,?ru%es4 #dc4 ,,am]ican ,,sp>r[ ,,hawk4 #aj-a_/b 94 7,falco sp>v]ius4 #cfj47 ,r$di%-br[n1 usually b>r$ or spott$ ) black2 head blui%1 m>k$ on sides ) black2 tail :ite-tipp$ ) "o broad black b>2 bel[ :ite1 m or less spott$2 n>r[ po9t$ w+s2 female1 mu* m b>r$1 d>k] & /reak$ bel[4 ,! smalle/ hawk4 #dd4 ,,b>n ,,swall[4 #g 94 7,hirundo ery?roga/ra4 #fac47 ,blue-back2 *e/nut %ad+ to :ite bel[2 deeply =k$ tail4 99,tree ,swall[4 #de4 ,,br[n ,,?ra%]4 #aa-a_/d 94 7,toxo/oma rufum4 #gje47 ,bright ru/y r$2 :ite bel[1 mu* /reak$2 long bill & long1 sweep+ tail2 song1 l\d1 bold & v>i$2 ab\t bu%es4 99,fox ,sp>r[4 #df4 ,,h\se ,,wr54 #e 94 7,troglodytes a$on4 #gba47 ,br[n1 b>r$ ) d>k]2 bel[ grayi%1 t+$ ) br[n1 also b>r$2 ru/y-color$ tail1 two in*es long2 rem>kable song4 99,o!r ,wr5s4 #dg4 ,,blue-,,gray ,,gnatcat*]4 #e 94 7,polioptila ca]ulea4 #gea47 ,blue-gray2 :ite b5ea?2 long tail edg$ ) :ite2 male has a black l9e ov] eye2 fidgety1 nev] long 9 a place2 :eezy song4 99,black-?roat$ ,blue ,w>bl]4 99,c]ulean ,w>bl]4 #dh4 ,,:ite-,,cr[n$ ,,sp>r[4 #g 94 7,zonotri*ia leucophrys4 #eed47 ,a%y-gray2 rump1 tail & w+s1 br[n1 /reak$ ) black2 cr[n conspicu\sly /rip$ ) black & :ite2 no yell[2 two :ite w+-b>s2 9 flocks1 (t5 ) ,:ite-?roat$ ,sp>r[s2 scrat*es ) bo? feet2 notice ! song4 99,:ite-?roat$ ,sp>r[4 #di4 ,,palm ,,w>bl]4 #e 94 7,d5droica palm>um4 #fgb47 ,/reaky olive-gray2 *e/nut cap2 yell[ l9e ov] eye2 b5ea? yell[i% 7brighte/ on ?roat & "u tail7 /reak$ ) br[n2 fe$s on gr\nd 9 flocks2 con/antly tilts its tail up & d[n4 99,wat]-,?ru%es4 #ej4 ,,h5sl[ ,,sp>r[4 #e 94 7,cot]niculus h5sl[ii4 #edg47 ,back conspicu\sly m>k$ & /reak$1 %[+ mu* *e/nut2 head & neck a peculi> gre5i% t+e1 f9ely l9$ ) black2 bel[ t+$ ) buff & f9ely /reak$2 d>k /ripes & spots on sides ( head2 %>p tail2 hides 9 ! grass & c be c>efully obs]v$ only ) pati5ce4 #ea4 ,,gr9nell ,,wat]-,,?ru%4 #e-c_/d 94 7,seiurus noveborac5sis notabilis4 #fge;a47 ,v d>k olive-br[n2 bel[ yell[i% :ite1 ?ickly /reak$2 pale /ripe ov] ! eye2 skulks along ! v edge ( ! wat]2 tilts its tail2 brilliant song4 99,l\isiana ,wat]-,?ru%4 99,ov5bird4 99,palm ,w>bl]4 #eb4 ,,catbird4 #h-c_/d 94 7,galeoscoptes c>ol95sis4 #gjd47 ,slate-gray2 bill1 cr[n & tail1 black2 *e/nut pat* "u tail2 ab\t %rubb]y2 will+ to be look$ at2 calls l a cat2 song1 greatly v>i$4 #ec4 ,,p9e ,,w>bl]4 #e-c_/d 94 7,d5droica vigorsii4 #fga47 ,olive-gre52 yell[ brea/2 sides ( head suffus$ ) yell[i%--sometimes =m+ a yell[ l9e ov] eye2 two dull :ite w+-b>s2 song1 a l\d1 p5etrat+ trill4 99,yell[-belli$ ,flycat*]4 99,female ,we/]n ,yell[-?roat4 99,female ,wilson ,black-cap4 #ed4 ,,r$-,,brea/$ ,,nu?at*4 #d-c_/d 94 7,sitta canad5sis4 #gbh47 ,blui%-gray2 cr[n & /ripe ?r\gh eye1 black1 ) a :ite l9e ov] ! eye2 bel[ ru/y-r$1 ?roat :ite2 climbs up & d[n & ar\nd trees2 note1 c>k1 c>k1 c>k4 99,:ite-brea/$ ,nu?at*4 #ee4 ,,black ,,& ,,:ite ,,creep]4 #e-a_/d 94 7,mniotilta v>ia4 #fcf47 ,black & :ite1 /rip$2 :ite belly2 female %[s m :ite bel[2 creeps up & d[n trees l ! ,nu?at*es2 song rapid & rasp+1 he'-ho1 he'-ho1 he'-ho4 99,black-poll ,w>bl]4 #ef4 ,,black-,,?roat$ ,,gre5 ,,w>bl]4 #e-a_/d 94 7,d5droica vir5s4 #ffg47 ,olive-gre52 bright yell[ *eeks2 ?roat & upp] "p ( brea/1 black2 :ite w+-b>s2 song1 repeat$ (t5 & rapidly1 *ee1 *ee1 *ee1 *ee1 *>1 *ee4 99,cape ,may ,w>bl]4 99,hood$ ,w>bl]4 #eg4 ,,r$-,,head$ ,,woodpeck]4 #i-a_/b 94 7,melan]pes ery?rocephalus4 #djf7 ,black & :ite1 n /reak$2 entire head1 neck & upp] "p ( brea/1 crimson2 pure :ite belly2 note1 a l\d kr-r-r-r r4 99,r$-belli$ ,woodpeck]4 #eh4 ,,mock+bird4 #aj 94 7,mimus polyglottus4 #gjc47 ,a%y-gray1 w+s & tail d>k]2 :iti% bel[2 w+ %[s :ite pat*2 out] tail-fea!rs :ite2 fam\s = its song4 99,logg]head ,%rike4 99,cuckoos4 99,catbird4 #ei4 ,,*imney ,,swift4 #e-a_/d 94 7,*aetura pelagica4 #dbc47 ,d>k sooty-gray2 bob-tail2 long1 po9t$ w+s1 :i* (t5 vibrate rapidly 9 flight2 twitt]+ note2 nev] se5 p]*+ l o!r birds4 99,swall[s4 #fj4 ,,olive-,,back$ ,,?ru%4 #g-a_/d 94 7,hyloci*la u/ulata4 #geh;a47 ,uni=m d>k olive2 bel[ :ite1 d>k] on sides2 *eeks1 ?roat1 brea/ & r+ ab\t eye1 buff2 spott$ on brea/2 notewor?y song4 99,gray-*eek$ ,?ru%4 99,h]mit ,?ru%4 99,wilson ,?ru%4 #fa4 ,,great-,,cre/$ ,,flycat*]4 #i 94 7,myi>*us cr9itus4 #deb47 ,olive1 %[+ ru/y br[n on w+s & tail2 cre/$ head2 ?roat & brea/1 a%y-gray2 w+-b>s2 belly sulphur-yell[2 usually p]*es high2 note1 l\d :i/le4 99,blue ,jay4 #fb4 ,,l\isiana ,,wat]-,,?ru%4 #f-a_/d 94 7,seiurus motacilla4 #fgf47 ,olive2 :ite bel[1 buff-t+$ po/]iorly & /reak$1 b n ?ickly1 ) dusky2 ?roat & middle ( belly1 unm>k$2 :ite l9e ov] eye2 l\d1 r++ song4 99,gr9nell ,wat]-,?ru%4 99,ov5bird4 99,palm ,w>bl]4 #fc4 ,,lea/ ,,flycat*]4 #e-a_/d 94 7,empidonax m9imus4 #dfg47 ,olive-gray2 w+s1 tail & head1 d>k]2 two n>r[ w+-b>s2 decid$ly grayi% bel[1 :it] on ?roat2 j]ks its tail & utt]s a %>p1 en]getic call1 *e-bec'4 99,wood ,pewee4 99,phoebe4 #fd4 ,,wood ,,?ru%4 #g-c_/d 94 7,hyloci*la mu/el9a4 #gee47 ,bright br[n on head %ad+ to olive-br[n on rump & tail2 :ite b5ea?1 ) conspicu\s r\nd spots except on ?roat & middle ( belly2 rem>kable song4 99,o!r ,?ru%es4 99,fox ,sp>r[4 #fe4 ,,we/]n ,,yell[-,,?roat4 #e-a_/d 94 7,geo?lypis tri*as occid5talis4 #fha;a47 ,olive-gre51 %[+ br[ni% t+e2 broad1 black /ripe across =ehead & ?r\gh eye2 bord]$ broadly ) :ite2 yell[ b5ea?2 female dull] & )\t black /ripe & easily confus$ ) female ,m\rn+1 ,connecticut & ,p9e ,w>bl]s2 9 l[ bu%es2 song1 wit*-i-ty1 wit*-i-ty1 wit*-i-ty4 #ff4 ,,magnolia ,,w>bl]4 #e 94 7,d5droica maculosa4 #feg47 ,back & tail1 black2 cr[n blue-gray2 yell[ rump2 yell[ bel[1 /reak$ ) black on brea/ & sides2 :ite pat* on w+s2 broad :ite b& across tail1 se5 f bel[4 99,myrtle ,w>bl]4 99,cape ,may ,w>bl]4 #fg4 ,,am]ican ,,goldf9*4 #e-a_/d 94 7,a/ragal9us tri/is4 #ebi47 ,can>y-yell[1 ) black cr[n1 tail & w+s2 :ite w+-b>s2 female olive-t+$1 )\t pure black or yell[2 9 flocks2 can>y-l song2 also s+s 9 its undulat+ flight1 p]-*ic-o-ree1 p]-*ic-o-ree4 99,yell[ ,w>bl]4 #fh4 ,,yell[ ,,w>bl]4 #e 94 7,d5droica ae/iva4 #feb47 ,yell[ all ov] %ad+ to olive on back2 orange-br[n /reaks on brea/2 female n s yell[ & less /reak$2 song1 p5etrat+ & unceas+2 ne/s 9 ,l9coln ,p>k4 99,am]ican ,goldf9*4 #fi4 ,,k+bird4 #h-a_/b 94 7,tyrannus tyrannus4 #fdd47 ,dusky black2 bel[ :ite2 tail tipp$ ) broad b& ( :ite2 fire-r$ pat* on cr[n1 usually conceal$2 spreads its tail l a fan :5 ab\t to alight4 #gj4 ,,baltimore ,,oriole4 #g-a_/b 94 7,ict]us galbula4 #ejg47 ,bright orange1 ) black head1 ?roat1 back & w+s2 two :ite w+-b>s2 female small]1 br[ni%-yell[ & %[+ little black2 l\d call1 co-weet'1 co-weet'1 co-weet'2 song notewor?y4 99,or*>d ,oriole4 99,sc>let ,tanag]4 #ga4 ,,summ] ,,tanag]4 #g-a_/b 94 7,piranga rubra4 #faj47 ,v]million all ov]2 no black2 female yell[i%-olive & usually ne> ! male2 v r>e4 99,c>d9al4 #gb4 ,,yell[-,,belli$ ,,flycat*]4 #e-a_/b 94 7,empidonax flaviv5tris4 #dfc47 ,bright olive-gre51 ) d>k-br[n tail & w+s2 yell[i% w+-b>s2 sulphur-yell[ bel[1 brighte/ betwe5 legs & t+$ else:]e ) pale olive2 yell[ eye-r+2 call1 a s(t1 sl[ :i/le1 pe'-a4 99,yell[-?roat$ ,vireo4 99,lea/ ,flycat*]4 99,p9e ,w>bl]4 #gc4 ,,blackburnian ,,w>bl]4 #e-a_/d 94 7,d5droica blackburniae4 #ffb47 ,black /reak$ ) :ite2 middle ( cr[n1 ?roat & sides ( head1 flam+ orange2 black pat* beh9d eye2 :ite w+-b>s2 female dull]2 usually high up among ! leaves4 99,pro?onot>y ,w>bl]4 #gd4 ,,ov5bird4 #f-a_/d 94 7,seiurus aurocapillus4 #fgd47 ,olive-gre5 %[+ yell[ t+e2 bel[ pure :ite1 ?ickly spott$2 orange-br[n cap bord]$ ) black /ripes2 scrat*es l a h52 tilts tail up & d[n2 "u %rubb]y2 note1 tea*] repeat$ rapidly ) increas+ emphasis4 99,wat]-,?ru%es4 #ge4 ,,r$-,,ey$ ,,vireo4 #f 94 7,vireo olivaceus4 #fbd47 ,olive-gre52 cr[n1 slaty2 :ite bel[1 lightly t+$ on sides2 d>k l9e above a :ite "o ov] eye2 cle>1 p]si/5t song2 ne/s 9 ,l9coln ,p>k4 99,w>bl+ ,vireo4 #gf4 ,,am]ican ,,r$/>t4 #e-a_/d 94 7,setophaga ruticilla4 #fhg47 ,male black1 ) six flame-color$ spots2 female olive1 ) six yell[ spots2 spreads its tail l a fan2 song1 *ee1 *ee1 *ee1 *ew4 #gg4 ,,cape ,,may ,,w>bl]4 #e-a_/d 94 7,d5droica tigr9a4 #fej47 ,yell[i%-olive spott$ ) black on back2 cr[n v d>k2 *eeks yell[ ) an orange-br[n e> pat*2 yell[ bel[1 black /reaks on brea/2 w+-b>s2 song all on "o note4 99,black-?roat$ ,gre5 ,w>bl]4 99,magnolia ,w>bl]4 #gh4 ,,sc>let ,,tanag]4 #g-a_/d 94 7,piranga ery?romelas4 #fjh47 ,sc>let1 ) black w+s & tail2 female olive-gre51 usually ne> by2 r sluggi%2 note1 *ip1 *ree2 song notewor?y4 99,c>d9al4 99,summ] ,tanag]4 #gi4 ,,yell[-,,?roat$ ,,vireo4 #e-a_/b 94 7,vireo flavifrons4 #fbh47 ,bright olive-gre51 %ad+ to a%y-blue on rump2 yell[ ?roat & brea/1 %>ply def9$ aga9/ :ite belly2 l9e ar\nd eye & to ! bill1 yell[2 two :ite w+-b>s2 f9e song4 99,yell[-belli$ ,flycat*]4 99,blue-head$ ,vireo4 #hj4 ,,rose-,,brea/$ ,,grosbeak4 #h-a_/d 94 7,zamelodia ludoviciana4 #eie47 ,black1 includ+ ?roat1 ) :ite rump & w+-pat*es2 brea/ :ite ) a brilliant rose-r$ blot*2 l9+ ( w+s also rose-r$2 l>ge beak2 female yell[i%-br[n1 d>kly mottl$1 no r$2 sluggi%2 rem>kable song4 #ha4 ,,purple ,,m>t94 #g-a_/b 94 7,progne subis4 #faa47 ,blue-black all ov]2 female light] & /reak$ ) grayi%-:ite bel[2 (t5 ne/s 9 bird h\ses2 twitt]+ song4 99,tree ,swall[4 99,*imney ,swift4 #hb4 ,,yell[-,,brea/$ ,,*at4 #g-a_/d 94 7,ict]ia vir5s4 #fhc47 ,olive-gre52 bright yell[ bel[1 belly :ite2 region ab\t eye black1 m>k$ ) a :ite l9e above eye2 :ite spot & %ort] l9e bel[ eye2 ! l>ge/ w>bl]2 rem>kable song4 99,dickcissel4 99,we/]n ,yell[-,?roat4 99,yell[-,?roat$ ,vireo4 #hc4 ,,black-,,?roat$ ,,blue ,,w>bl]4 #e-a_/d 94 7,d5droica ca]ulesc5s4 #fed47 ,slaty-blue2 bel[ :ite1 ) black ?roat & sides2 conspicu\s :ite pat* on w+2 female grayi%1 no black1 b may be recogniz$ by w+ pat*2 ho>se note1 kree1 kree4 99,blue-gray ,gnatcat*]4 #hd4 ,,na%ville ,,w>bl]4 #d-c_/d 94 7,helm9?ophila rubricapilla4 #fde47 ,olive-gre52 head & neck blui% gray2 indi/9ct br[n pat* on cr[n2 bright yell[ bel[2 no w+ b>s2 :ite eye r+2 song1 n l\d1 wee'-see1 wee'-see1 wit'-a-wit'-a-wit'4 99,t5nessee ,w>bl]4 #he4 ,,w>bl+ ,,vireo4 #e-a_/d 94 7,vireo gilvus4 #fbg47 ,m\se gray1 ) olive rump2 :ite bel[1 t+$ ) gre5i% yell[2 creamy-:ite ar\nd ! eye2 song1 rippl+ w>ble4 99,r$-ey$ ,vireo4 99,lea/ ,flycat*]4 #hf4 ,,blue-,,head$ ,,vireo4 #e-a_/b 94 7,vireo solit>ius4 #fbi47 ,olive-gre52 a%y-blue head2 pure :ite bel[1 sides yell[i%2 l9e ar\nd ! eye & to ! bill1 :ite2 two :ite w+-b>s2 song1 notewor?y4 99,yell[-?roat$ ,vireo4 #hg4 ,,or*>d ,,oriole4 #g 94 7,ict]us spurius4 #ejf47 ,male1 ri* *e/nut-br[n ) black head1 w+s & tail1 n>r[ :ite w+-b>2 female olivace\s above & gre5i%-yell[ bel[ ) two :ite w+-b>s2 "y male l female b ) black ?roat2 high trees2 l\d1 cle> song4 99,baltimore ,oriole4 #hh4 ,,long-,,bill$ ,,m>% ,,wr54 #e-a_/d 94 7,telmatodytes palu/ris4 #gbe47 ,br[n1 almo/ black on head1 tail & betwe5 %\ld]s1 ! latt] /reak$ ) :ite2 b>r$ only on w+s & tail2 l9e ov] eye & middle ( brea/ :ite2 long bill2 splutt]+ song4 99,o!r ,wr5s4 #hi4 ,,bay-,,brea/$ ,,w>bl]4 #e-a_/b 94 7,d5droica ca/anea4 #ffj47 ,a%y-br[n1 black-/reak$2 black *eeks & =ehead2 ?roat1 upp] "p ( brea/1 sides & cr[n1 ri* *e/nut br[n2 :ite w+-b>s4 99,*e/nut-sid$ ,w>bl]4 #ij4 ,,p>ula ,,w>bl]4 #d-a_/b 94 7,compso?lypis am]icana4 #fdh47 ,grayi%-blue1 yell[i% across ! back2 ?roat & brea/ yell[1 latt] cross$ by br[ni% b&2 w+-b>s2 peculi> song4 99,blue ,gold5-w+$ ,w>bl]4 #ia4 ,,wood ,,pewee4 #f-a_/d 94 7,contopus vir5s4 #dfa47 ,d>k olive-br[n2 br[ni% black on w+s & tail2 fr[sy head2 bel[ :ite1 %[+ olive t+e on sides2 two n>r[ :ite w+-b>s2 pla9tive note repeat$ sl[ly & (t51 pee'to-way'1 pee'-to-way'1 hee'-rue4 99,phoebe4 99,lea/ ,flycat*]4 #ib4 ,,bobol9k4 #g-a_/b 94 7,doli*onyx orizivorus4 #did47 ,male black ) light back1 creamy buff on neck2 female1 sp>r[ color$1 /reak$ above2 long m]ry musical song2 op5 fields2 9 ,l9coln ,p>k usually se5 9 flocks fly+ ov]head1 s++ on ! w+4 #ic4 ,,blue ,,gold5-,,w+$ ,,w>bl]4 #e 94 7,helm9?ophila *rysopt]a4 #fdb47 ,blue-gray2 cr[n & pat* on w+1 gold5 yell[2 ?roat1 & /ripe ?r\gh eye1 black2 :ite bel[2 song1 drawl+ zee1 zee1 zee1 zee4 99,p>ula ,w>bl]4 #id4 ,,indigo ,,bunt+4 #e-c_/d4 94 7,cyanospiza cyanea4 #eih47 ,indigo blue2 w+s & tail blacki%2 female br[n2 9 flocks2 (t5 fe$s 9 ! grass2 notewor?y song4 99,bluebird4 #ie4 ,,pro?onot>y ,,w>bl]4 #e-a_/d 94 7,pro?onot>ia citrea4 #fcg47 ,entire head1 neck & brea/1 bright orange yell[2 blue-gray w+s1 rump & tail2 female dull]2 pref]s %rubb]y ne> wat]4 99,blackburnian ,w>bl]4 99,yell[ ,w>bl]4 #if4 ,,t5nessee ,,w>bl]4 #d-a_/b 94 7,helm9?ophila p]egr9a4 #fdg47 ,olive-gre51 brighte/ on rump2 head & neck1 blue gray2 dull :ite bel[2 fa9t :ite l9e ov] eye2 no w+-b>s2 song1 %rill & feeble4 99,na%ville ,w>bl]4 #ig4 ,,m\rn+ ,,w>bl]4 #e-a_/b 94 7,geo?lypis philadelphia4 #fgi47 ,bright olive-gre52 head1 neck1 ?roat & upp] "p ( brea/1 blui% a%2 yell[ belly2 black b& on brea/2 ab\t bu%es & 9 ! grass2 notewor?y song4 99,connecticut ,w>bl]4 #ih4 ,,*e/nut-,,sid$ ,,w>bl]4 #e 94 7,d5droica p5nsylvanica4 #fei47 ,back %[s black /reaks mix$ ) olive-gre52 yell[ cap2 :ite bel[ ) da9ty *e/nut m>k+s on sides ( brea/2 song1 *ee1 *ee1 *ee1 *ee'ar4 99,bay-brea/$ ,w>bl]4 #ii4 ,,:ip-,,poor-,,w4 #i-c_/d 94 7,antro/omus vocif]us4 #dag47 ,mottl$1 /rongly resembl+ ! b>k ( c]ta9 trees2 n>r[ :ite b& across upp] "p ( brea/2 big head2 9 daytime lies motionless1 l5g?wise a bran*4 99,nigh?awk4 #ajj4 ,,c]ulean ,,w>bl]4 #d-a_/b 94 7,d5droica ca]ulea4 #feh47 ,azure-blue1 m>k$ ) black on back & sides ( head2 :ite bel[1 /reak$ ) blue2 two :ite w+-b>s2 frequ5ts tree-tops2 song resembles t ( ,p>ula4 99,blue-gray ,gnatcat*]4 #aja4 ,,hood$ ,,w>bl]4 #e-a_/b 94 7,wilsonia mitrata4 #fhd47 ,olive-gre52 yell[ bel[2 head1 neck & upp] brea/1 black2 yell[ mask across =ehead & *eeks2 :ite spots on tail2 female less black4 99,we/]n ,yell[-?roat4 99,wilson ,black-cap ,w>bl]4 99,canadian ,w>bl]4 #ajb4 ,,black-,,poll ,,w>bl]4 #e-a_/b 94 7,d5droica /riata4 #ffa47 ,/reak$ black & :ite2 black cr[n2 :ite *eeks2 bel[ :ite ) l9e ( black spots d[n sides2 tree-tops2 song1 a /accato musical *9k repeat$ rapidly4 99,black & ,:ite ,creep]4 #ajc4 ,,yell[-,,bill$ ,,cuckoo4 #ab-a_/d 94 7,coccyzus am]icanus4 #chg47 ,bronzy olive-gray2 :ite bel[2 l[] half ( curv$ bill yell[ tipp$ ) black2 out] tail-fea!rs black tipp$ broadly ) :ite2 w+s %[ a r$di%-br[n t+e 9 flight2 glides /eal?ily f tree to tree & keeps conceal$ among ! leaves2 sl[ly droops & raises its tail :5 p]*+2 song1 l\d kuk-kuk1 kuk-kuk4 99,black-bill$ ,cuckoo4 99,m\rn+ ,dove4 #ajd4 ,,canadian ,,w>bl]4 #e-a_/b 94 7,wilsonia canad5sis4 #fhf47 ,blui%-lead color2 yell[ bel[ ) a necklace ( black spots2 no w+-b>s2 notewor?y song4 99,magnolia ,w>bl]4 #aje4 ,,wilson ,,black-,,cap ,,w>bl]4 #d-c_/d 94 7,wilsonia pusilla4 #fhe47 ,bright olive-gre52 yell[ bel[2 black cap2 9 l[ bu%es4 99,p9e ,w>bl]4 99,female ,we/]n ,yell[-?roat4 #ajf4 ,,l9coln ,,sp>r[4 #e-c_/d 94 7,melospiza l9colni4 #ehc47 ,f9ely /reak$ ) black & br[n2 :ite b5ea?1 ) 99broad buff b& across ! brea/ & d[n ! sides2 n>r[ /reaks on ?roat1 upp] brea/ & sides2 d>k /ripe on ea* side ( ?roat f corn] ( m\?2 v %y4 99,song 99& 99,swamp ,sp>r[s4 #ajg4 ,,ruby-,,?roat$ ,,humm+bird4 #c-a_/d 94 7,tro*ilus colubris4 #dbh47 ,iridesc5t gre5 & purple2 male has ruby-r$ ?roat2 frequ5ts fl[]+ %rubs & plants2 d>ts "h & !re & poises 9 mid air ) w+s vibrat+ s rapidly t !y make a humm+ noise2 squeaky note4 #ajh4 ,,nigh?awk4 #i-a_/b 94 7,*ordeiles virg9ianus4 #dbj47 ,on ! w+ ov]head aft] insects j be=e or at dusk2 long1 po9t$ w+s %[+ a :ite pat*2 flight resembles t ( ,*imney ,swift2 %>p note1 skeep2 (t5 ne/s on ! flat ro(s ( city build+s4 99,:ip-poor-w4 #aji4 ,,black-,,bill$ ,,cuckoo4 #ab 94 7,coccyzus ery?rop?almus4 #chh47 ,bronzy olive-gray2 :ite bel[2 bill entirely black2 only a little :ite on tail2 movem5ts l ^? ( ,yell[-bill$ ,cuckoo2 song1 s(t coo-coo1 coo-coo4 99,yell[-bill$ ,cuckoo4 99,m\rn+ ,dove4 #aaj4 ,,gray-,,*eek$ ,,?ru%4 #g-a_/b 94 7,hyloci*la aliciae4 #geg47 ,uni=m olive2 bel[ :ite1 v palely suffus$ ) buff2 *eeks gray t+$2 brea/ & sides ( ?roat1 spott$2 usually sil5t 9 ,l9coln ,p>k4 99,olive-back$ & 99o!r ,?ru%es4 #aaa4 ,,yell[-,,head$ ,,blackbird4 #aj-a_/d 94 7,xan?ocephalus xan?ocephalus4 #dig47 ,black2 head1 ?roat & brea/1 yell[2 :ite w+ pat*2 female d>k br[n1 yell[ m>k+s dull]1 no w+ pat*2 female small] ?an male4 #aab4 ,,dickcissel4 #f 94 7,spiza am]icana4 #fjd47 ,/reak$2 a%y on head & neck2 :ite *92 black ?roat pat*2 yell[ brea/2 :ite belly2 l9e ov] eye1 yell[2 w+s %[ *e/nut br[n2 female has less yell[ & no ?roat pat*4 99,yell[-brea/$ ,*at4 99,mead[l>k4 #aac4 ,,connecticut ,,w>bl]4 #e-a_/b 94 7,geo?lypis agilis4 #fgh47 ,olive-gre52 head a%y ) ?roat d>k]2 :ite r+ ar\nd eye2 belly yell[2 w+s long & po9t$2 l[ bu%es & swampy places2 p5etrat+ call-note4 99,m\rn+ ,w>bl]4 #aad4 ,,r$-,,belli$ ,,woodpeck]4 #i-a_/b 94 7,c5turus c>ol9us4 #dji47 ,black & :ite1 back1 w+s & tail b>r$ transv]sely & v ev5ly2 bel[ grayi%-:ite1 t+$ ) r$2 top ( head & back ( neck crimson2 female1 cr[n gray2 r>e4 99,r$-head$ ,woodpeck]4 99,hairy ,woodpeck]4 ,table ( ,occurr5ce4 ,9 ?is table ! birds are arrang$ accord+ to ! ord] ( _! comp>ative frequ5cy or r>ity1 bas$ ^u p]sonal obs]vations 9 ,l9coln ,p>k4 ,! abundance ( ! birds--t is1 ! numb] ( individual birds ( diff]5t species--is 9 no wise %[n1 b simply ! relative repres5tation ( ea* species4 ,= in/ance1 out ( a total ( #ded morn+s1 cov]+ obs]vations dur+ six ye>s1 ! ,rob9 0 se5 on #chc diff]5t morn+s4 ,! record = #aijb1 dur+ ! abs5ce ( ! au?ors1 is t ( ,mr4 ,h4 ,v4 ,bozell4 ,,numb] ,,( ,,morn+s ,,se5 ,,9 ,,l9coln ,,p>k4 #ahih #ahii #aijj #aija #aijb #aijc ,total #a ,rob9 #fb #eb #eg #fi #fa #hb #chc #b ,bronz$ ,grackle #eg #eh #eg #fj #eg #gb #cfa #c ,blue ,jay #di #eh #fa #fe #dj #ea #cbd #d ,c[bird #da #cd #dd #dd #ci #ed #bef #e ,junco #cc #ce #cb #cb #ea #db #bbe #f ,t[hee #ce #ah #bd #dd #de #dh #bad #g ,song ,sp>r[ #bg #cc #ai #ch #cg #cf #aij #h ,flick] #bi #ah #ba #cc #cg #df #ahd #i ,ruby-cr[n$ ,k+let #ca #bh #bc #cj #bb #ci #agc #aj ,:ite-?roat$ ,sp>r[ #cj #bc #bc #ca #bf #ce #afh #aa ,bluebird #bf #a #g #ca #ce #ej #aej #ab ,wilson ,?ru% #cd #ce #bc #ba #aa #bj #add #ac ,yell[-belli$ ,sapsuck] #bc #ab #ae #cj #bg #cd #ada #ad ,yell[ ,w>bl] #bg #cj #bd #ah #ac #bg #aci #ae ,belt$ ,k+fi%] #be #ba #bd #bg #ba #ai #acg #af ,r$-head$ ,woodpeck] #bc #bc #af #bf #af #bf #acj #ag ,myrtle ,w>bl] #ai #be #aa #ba #bb #ca #abi #ah ,br[n ,?ra%] #bg #h #bj #ba #af #bi #aba #ai ,br[n ,creep] #ah #ae #ai #ad #bh #bg #aba #bj ,catbird #bb #bg #af #ag #aj #ag #aji #ba ,gold5-cr[n$ ,k+let #ah #ad #ac #bf #ae #bc #aji #bb ,*ipp+ ,sp>r[ #be #aa #aa #ab #ag #cb #ajh #bc ,am]ican ,goldf9* #ba #ai #ab #bj #e #ah #ie #bd ,tree ,swall[ #ac #aa #af #ai #ac #bb #id #be ,am]ican ,r$/>t #ah #af #ai #h #aj #bj #ia #bf ,b>n ,swall[ #ae #ad #aj #ai #ad #ai #ia #bg ,fox ,sp>r[ #aa #i #ad #i #bg #ba #ia #bh ,*imney ,swift #af #aa #ad #ae #aa #bb #hi #bi ,blue-gray ,gnatcat*] #ah #af #aa #aj #af #ag #hh #cj ,:ite-cr[n$ ,sp>r[ #i #e #ah #bb #af #ag #hg #ca ,palm ,w>bl] #h #ba #g #aa #ai #bj #hf #cb ,h]mit ,?ru% #ac #i #aj #ah #i #bg #hf #cc ,black & ,:ite ,creep] #ae #ae #aa #ac #ab #ah #hd #cd ,lea/ ,flycat*] #ah #ah #h #ad #g #ah #hc #ce ,magnolia ,w>bl] #ac #ac #ac #e #af #bj #hj #cf ,black-?roat$ ,blue ,w>bl] #ab #ad #i #ac #ab #af #gf #cg ,olive-back$ ,?ru% #h #d #ad #af #aa #bc #gf #ch ,phoebe #ae #d #e #af #ae #ai #gd #ci ,baltimore ,oriole #ah #f #aj #ae #aa #ac #gc #dj ,gr9nell ,wat]-,?ru% #ag #f #i #ad #h #ag #ga #da ,field ,sp>r[ 44 #b #ab #ag #bc #ag #ga #db ,swamp ,sp>r[ #d #d #ad #ab #ag #ag #fh #dc ,cr[ #d #aa #g #aa #af #ah #fg #dd ,*e/nut-sid$ ,w>bl] #aa #f #aa #ac #i #af #ff #de ,ov5bird #i #aa #aa #ab #aa #aa #fe #df ,:ite-brea/$ ,nu?at* #ab #f #ag #ba #f #b #fd #dg ,we/]n ,yell[-?roat #ah #ag #aj #h #c #ae #fa #dh ,wood ,pewee #ab #ad #i #f #g #ac #fa #di ,d[ny ,woodpeck] #ad #g #d #h #ag #aj #fj #ej ,h\se ,wr5 #a 44 #aj #aa #ac #bd #ei #ea ,r$-ey$ ,vireo #ac #aj #e #f #f #af #ef #eb ,logg]head ,%rike #e #a #af #ac #g #ac #ee #ec ,indigo ,bunt+ #ab #ag #b #f #e #aa #ec #ed ,black-?roat$ ,gre5 ,w>bl] #d #i #d #i #f #ab #dd #ee ,blackburnian ,w>bl] #aa #d #i #g #e #f #db #ef ,black-poll ,w>bl] #f #g #h #c #c #ae #db #eg ,k+bird #h #a #e #c #f #ag #dj #eh ,sc>let ,tanag] #g #c #g #d #c #aj #cd #ei ,ruby-?roat$ ,humm+bird #g #i #d #c #a #aj #cd #fj ,m\rn+ ,dove #e #c #f #aj #b #h #cd #fa ,rose-brea/$ ,grosbeak #e #b #f #h #f #f #cc #fb ,tree ,sp>r[ 44 44 #aj #c #ab #h #cc #fc ,w9t] ,wr5 #c #e #aa 44 #c #aj #cb #fd ,mead[l>k #c 44 #g #ac #e #d #cb #fe ,purple ,m>t9 #a 44 44 #f #d #bj #ca #ff ,cape ,may ,w>bl] #c #b #i #b #f #g #bi #fg ,w>bl+ ,vireo #g #a #d #c #d #aj #bi #fh ,m\rn+ ,w>bl] #e #h #b #d #d #e #bh #fi ,wilson ,black-cap ,w>bl] #i #a #c #b #e #h #bh #gj ,yell[-bill$ ,cuckoo #h #g #a #c #a #g #bg #ga ,great-cre/$ ,flycat*] #e #b 44 #a #aj #i #bg #gb ,bobol9k #b 44 #i #aj #a #d #bf #gc ,canadian ,w>bl] #h #c #f #d #a #d #bf #gd ,r$-w+$ ,blackbird #d 44 #b #h #c #g #bd #ge ,wood ,?ru% #h #c 44 #e #c #c #bb #gf ,or*>d ,oriole #d #c #e #a #a #f #bj #gg ,r$-brea/$ ,nu?at* 44 44 #aj 44 #c #g #bj #gh ,m>% ,hawk 44 #b #a #h #e #d #bj #gi ,hairy ,woodpeck] #c #a #d 44 #d #g #ai #hj ,bay-brea/$ ,w>bl] #a #a #b #a #d #aj #ai #ha ,p>ula ,w>bl] #f 44 44 #b #i #b #ai #hb ,*ickadee #c 44 #g #h 44 44 #ah #hc ,p9e ,w>bl] 44 44 #c #a #e #i #ah #hd ,h5sl[ ,sp>r[ #c #b #a #b #c #f #ag #he ,na%ville ,w>bl] #a #a #d #a 44 #i #af #hf ,yell[-?roat$ ,vireo #b 44 #b #b #c #g #af #hg ,c$> ,waxw+ #f #e 44 #a #b #a #ae #hh ,purple ,f9* #d 44 #d 44 #a #e #ad #hi ,vesp] ,sp>r[ 44 44 #f 44 #d #c #ac #ij ,blue-head$ ,vireo 44 44 #b #a #f #d #ac #ia ,gray-*eek$ ,?ru% 44 44 44 44 #c #aj #ac #ib ,am]ican ,sp>r[ ,hawk #a #a 44 #d #b #d #ab #ic ,yell[-belli$ ,flycat*] 44 44 #e 44 #b #d #aa #id ,nigh?awk 44 #b #a #a 44 #g #aa #ie ,l9coln ,sp>r[ 44 44 #a 44 #a #h #aj #if ,black-bill$ ,cuckoo 44 #a #b #b #b #b #i #ig ,ru/y ,blackbird 44 #b 44 #c 44 #b #g #ih ,yell[-brea/$ ,*at 44 44 44 44 #a #f #g #ii ,long-bill$ ,m>% ,wr5 #a #b 44 44 44 #c #f #ajj ,l\isiana ,wat]-,?ru% 44 44 #a 44 #c #b #f #aja ,pro?onot>y ,w>bl] 44 #a 44 44 #c #a #e #ajb ,savanna ,sp>r[ 44 44 44 44 44 #e #e #ajc ,blue ,gold5-w+$ ,w>bl] #a 44 #a #a #a 44 #d #ajd ,:ip-poor-w #a #a 44 #a 44 #a #d #aje ,connecticut ,w>bl] 44 44 44 44 44 #c #c #ajf ,dickcissel 44 44 44 #a #b 44 #c #ajg ,t5nessee ,w>bl] #b 44 44 44 44 44 #b #ajh ,mock+bird 44 44 44 #b 44 44 #b #aji ,c]ulean ,w>bl] 44 44 #a 44 #a 44 #b #aaj ,summ] ,tanag] 44 #a 44 44 44 44 #a #aaa ,c>d9al 44 44 #a 44 44 44 #a #aab ,r$-belli$ ,woodpeck] #a 44 44 44 44 44 #a #aac ,hood$ ,w>bl] 44 44 44 44 44 #a #a #aad ,yell[-head$ ,blackbird 44 44 44 #a 44 44 #a ,total numb] ( days #ff #gg #gd #gh #gb #hg #ded ,av'ge numb] ( k9ds se5 daily #ah4hc #ab4ge #ad4ei #af4bc #af4de #ai4ec #af4cd ,table ( ,arrival4 ,note4--,! foll[+ table gives ! dates ( ! fir/ arrival ( ea* bird m5tion$ 9 ! prec$+ li/ ( "o hundr$ & f\rte5 = ! sev5 ye>s f #ahig to #aijc inclusive1 z obs]v$ 9 ,l9coln ,p>k4 ,! birds are arrang$ 9 _! respective families1 & space is left = record+ _! fir/ appe>ance 9 any succe$+ ye>4 ,! record = #aijb1 9 ! abs5ce ( ! au?ors1 0 kept by ,mr4 ,h>old ,v4 ,bozell4 ,att5tion is call$ to ! fact t _m birds :i* are common summ] resid5ts 9 ! neighbor+ c\ntry are r>e migrants 9 ! ,p>k4 ,among ^! may be m5tion$ ! ,r$-w+$ ,blackbird1 ,bobol9k & ,w>bl+ ,vireo4 ,"s f9e s+]s also1 = example1 ! ,vesp] ,sp>r[1 ,yell[-?roat$ ,vireo & ,h]mit ,?ru%1 are usually sil5t 9 ! ,p>k4 #ahig #ahih #ahii #aijj #aija #aijb #aijc ,family ,,columbidae #ce ,m\rn+ ,dove 44 #e_/i #c_/be #d_/f #d_/aj #d_/bf #d_/a ,family ,,falconidae #cc ,m>% ,hawk 44 44 #d_/be #d_/ai #c_/be #d_/ba #d_/a #dc ,sp>r[ ,hawk 44 #e_/ah #d_/be #d_/ah #c_/bd #c_/ba #d_/cj ,family ,,cuculidae #ajc ,yell[-bill$ ,cuckoo 44 #e_/ai #e_/a #e_/af #e_/ag #e_/ag #e_/ab #aji ,black-bill$ ,cuckoo 44 44 #e_/bg #e_/ab #e_/ae #e_/af #e_/ab ,family ,,alc$9idae #bb ,belt$ ,k+fi%] #c_/bh #c_/be #c_/bb #d_/aj #c_/bf #d_/aa #d_/aj ,family ,,picidae #bi ,hairy ,woodpeck] 44 #d_/aa #e_/bd #d_/ai 44 #c_/be #c_/f #af ,d[ny ,woodpeck] #d_/g #d_/h #c_/bg #d_/be #d_/e #c_/aj #c_/f #bc ,yell[-belli$ ,sapsuck] #d_/be #c_/cj #d_/h #d_/f #c_/ai #c_/bg #d_/a #aad ,r$-belli$ ,woodpeck] 44 #e_/bb 44 44 44 44 44 #eg ,r$-head$ ,woodpeck] #d_/bf #d_/bi #d_/bh #e_/f #d_/bg #d_/bg #d_/bh #ah ,flick] #d_/ae #c_/be #d_/aa #d_/g #c_/bc #c_/bd #c_/ah ,family ,,caprimulgidae #ii ,:ip-poor-w 44 #e_/ba #d_/cj 44 #e_/i 44 #e_/ag #ajh ,nigh?awk 44 44 #e_/aj #e_/ac #e_/ah #e_/ah #e_/ah ,family ,,micropodidae #ei ,*imney ,swift #e_/a #d_/cj #e_/aa #d_/cj #d_/ag #d_/bb #e_/e ,family ,,tro*ilidae #ajg ,ruby-?roat$ ,humm+bird 44 #e_/ai #e_/i #e_/ac #e_/af #e_/ag #e_/ac ,family ,,tyrannidae #fi ,k+bird #d_/bi #d_/cj #e_/aj #e_/f #e_/aj #d_/ba #e_/e #fa ,great-cre/$ ,flycat*] 44 #e_/c #d_/cj 44 #e_/aa #d_/ba #d_/bi #ad ,phoebe #d_/g #c_/bj #d_/ag #d_/a #c_/ah #c_/ae #c_/ag #ia ,wood ,pewee #d_/bg #e_/ai #e_/aj #e_/aa #e_/af #d_/bh #e_/ab #gb ,yell[-belli$ ,flycat*] 44 44 44 #d_/bi 44 #e_/a #e_/ab #fc ,lea/ ,flycat*] #e_/ab #d_/cj #d_/bj #d_/cj #e_/f #d_/ba #e_/i ,family ,,corvidae #a ,blue ,jay 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 #f ,cr[ 44 #c_/i #c_/bf #c_/ab #c_/c #c_/f #c_/h ,family ,,ict]idae #ib ,bobol9k 44 #e_/ad 44 #e_/h #e_/d #e_/ab #e_/h #aa ,c[bird #d_/d #c_/af #d_/aj #d_/a #c_/ai #c_/a #c_/ad #aaa ,yell[-head$ ,blackbird 44 44 44 44 #e_/ag 44 44 #bg ,r$-w+$ ,blackbird 44 #e_/g 44 #d_/ah #c_/bb #c_/bf #c_/ag #e ,mead[l>k 44 #c_/ad 44 #c_/bg #c_/ai #c_/aj #c_/ac #hg ,or*>d ,oriole 44 #e_/ae #e_/f #e_/aa #e_/aj #e_/b #e_/e #gj ,baltimore ,oriole 44 #d_/cj #e_/b #e_/f #e_/d #e_/b #e_/e #bd ,ru/y ,blackbird 44 44 44 #d_/ai #d_/e 44 #c_/ag #i ,bronz$ ,grackle #c_/bi #c_/ad #c_/bj #c_/bd #c_/bc #c_/aj #c_/ad ,family ,,fr+illidae #dj ,purple ,f9* 44 #d_/bd 44 #d_/ae 44 #d_/aa #d_/ae #fg ,am]ican ,goldf9* #d_/be #e_/f #d_/bh #e_/g #d_/cj #e_/b #e_/g #cg ,vesp] ,sp>r[ 44 44 44 #d_/bb 44 #d_/ah #d_/a #h ,savanna ,sp>r[ 44 44 44 44 44 44 #c_/ai #ej ,h5sl[ ,sp>r[ 44 #d_/bi #d_/bf #d_/ba #d_/cj #d_/bd #d_/ae #dh ,:ite-cr[n$ ,sp>r[ #e_/e #e_/i #d_/bi #e_/b #d_/bj #c_/aa #d_/bi #cb ,:ite-?roat$ ,sp>r[ #d_/bf #d_/ac #d_/ai #d_/ba #d_/ag #c_/bd #c_/ba #ab ,tree ,sp>r[ 44 44 44 #d_/f #d_/e #c_/g #c_/ac #cd ,*ipp+ ,sp>r[ #d_/ae #d_/ac #d_/ah #d_/h #d_/h #d_/ac #d_/ab #be ,field ,sp>r[ 44 44 #d_/bc #d_/ag #d_/e #c_/aa #c_/ai #d ,junco #c_/bh #c_/i #c_/ad #c_/bc #c_/ah #c_/h #c_/ac #aj ,song ,sp>r[ #d_/h #c_/ae #c_/ai #c_/bg #c_/ah #c_/h #c_/ab #ajf ,l9coln ,sp>r[ 44 44 44 #e_/aj #e_/bc #e_/ab #e_/aj #ci ,swamp ,sp>r[ 44 #e_/g #d_/bj #d_/ba #d_/ah #c_/aa #d_/ab #ac ,fox ,sp>r[ #d_/h #c_/cj #c_/ad #d_/e #c_/ah #c_/aj #c_/ag #ae ,t[hee #d_/g #c_/ag #d_/aa #d_/g #c_/be #c_/aj #c_/ah #ca ,c>d9al #c_/bh 44 44 #d_/be 44 44 44 #hj ,rose-brea/$ ,grosbeak 44 44 #e_/aj #e_/aa #e_/d #d_/bh #e_/i #id ,indigo ,bunt+ 44 #e_/ad #e_/aj #e_/ba #e_/aj #e_/b #e_/f #aab ,dickcissel 44 44 44 44 #e_/af #e_/ah 44 ,family ,,tanagridae #gh ,sc>let ,tanag] 44 #e_/ad #e_/d #e_/b #e_/e #e_/c #e_/e #ga ,summ] ,tanag] 44 44 #e_/d 44 44 44 44 ,family ,,hirund9idae #ha ,purple ,m>t9 44 #e_/be #e_/cj 44 #d_/bg #d_/bc #d_/ag #dd ,b>n ,swall[ #d_/ah #e_/a #d_/bc #d_/bf #d_/aj #d_/ah #d_/bd #cj ,tree ,swall[ 44 #e_/aa #d_/ab #d_/ah #d_/ab #c_/aa #d_/a ,family ,,ampelidae #da ,c$> ,waxw+ 44 #d_/aa #c_/bg 44 #e_/af #d_/bd #d_/e ,family ,,laniidae #b ,logg]head ,%rike 44 #c_/ad #d_/aa #c_/i #c_/c #c_/i #c_/a ,family ,,vireonidae #ge ,r$-ey$ ,vireo 44 #e_/aj #d_/bi #e_/ab #e_/d #e_/b #e_/d #he ,w>bl+ ,vireo #d_/bg #e_/ae #e_/ab #e_/f #e_/aa #e_/g #e_/e #gi ,yell[-?roat$ ,vireo 44 #e_/a 44 #e_/ab #e_/e #d_/bh #e_/ab #hf ,blue-head$ ,vireo 44 44 44 #e_/ag #e_/e #e_/b #e_/h ,family ,,mniotiltidae #ee ,black & ,:ite ,creep] #d_/bh #d_/cj #d_/ba #d_/bf #e_/d #d_/bh #d_/bg #ie ,pro?onot>y ,w>bl] 44 44 #e_/af 44 44 #d_/bg #e_/ai #ic ,blue ,gold5-w+$ ,w>bl] 44 #e_/ad 44 #e_/ab #e_/ab #e_/b 44 #hd ,na%ville ,w>bl] 44 #e_/aj #e_/d #e_/i #e_/ai #e_/b #e_/a #if ,t5nessee ,w>bl] 44 #e_/aa 44 44 44 44 44 #ij ,p>ula ,w>bl] 44 #e_/aa 44 44 #e_/ab #e_/c #e_/i #gg ,cape ,may ,w>bl] 44 #e_/ac #e_/a #e_/b #e_/e #e_/b #e_/i #fh ,yell[ ,w>bl] #e_/aa #d_/cj #d_/bi #d_/cj #e_/f #e_/b #d_/bi #hc ,black-?roat$ ,blue ,w>bl] #e_/aa #e_/aa #e_/d #e_/h #e_/e #e_/b #e_/e #ch ,myrtle ,w>bl] #d_/ad #d_/af #d_/ad #d_/ai #d_/ad #d_/ag #d_/h #ff ,magnolia ,w>bl] #d_/bf #e_/aa #d_/bg #e_/h #e_/f #d_/ba #e_/e #ajj ,c]ulean ,w>bl] 44 44 44 #e_/ab 44 44 44 #ih ,*e/nut-sid$ ,w>bl] #e_/ba #e_/aj #e_/cj #e_/c #e_/g #e_/b #e_/i #hi ,bay-brea/$ ,w>bl] 44 #e_/bj #e_/d #e_/aa #e_/ae #d_/bb #e_/i #ajb ,black-poll ,w>bl] 44 #e_/ai #e_/aj #e_/ac #e_/af #e_/ab #e_/f #gc ,blackburnian ,w>bl] #e_/ab #e_/aj #e_/c #d_/bh #e_/aj #d_/bh #d_/cj #ef ,black-?roat$ ,gre5 ,w>bl] #d_/ah #e_/ag #d_/bc #d_/bg #d_/bf #d_/bh #e_/b #ec ,p9e ,w>bl] 44 44 44 #d_/bf #d_/cj #d_/ba #d_/bb #di ,palm ,w>bl] 44 #d_/bi #d_/bj #d_/bg #d_/bf #d_/ba #d_/bb #gd ,ov5bird #e_/aa #e_/a #e_/c #e_/e #e_/e #e_/a #e_/f #ea ,gr9nell ,wat]-,?ru% 44 #d_/cj #d_/bh #d_/bc #d_/ag #d_/ba #d_/bi #fb ,l\isiana ,wat]-,?ru% 44 44 44 44 44 #d_/bg #e_/e #aac ,connecticut ,w>bl] 44 44 44 44 44 44 #e_/bj #ig ,m\rn+ ,w>bl] 44 #e_/bj #e_/ac #e_/f #e_/af #e_/b #e_/aa #fe ,we/]n ,yell[-?roat #d_/bf #e_/a #d_/bh #e_/e #e_/e #e_/b #e_/a #hb ,yell[-brea/$ ,*at 44 44 44 44 44 #e_/b #e_/aa #aja ,hood$ ,w>bl] 44 44 44 44 44 44 #e_/ab #aje ,wilson ,black-cap ,w>bl] #e_/ba #e_/f #e_/bb #e_/aj #e_/af #e_/c #e_/ag #ajd ,canadian ,w>bl] 44 #e_/ai #e_/af #e_/ab #e_/af #e_/f #e_/ab #gf ,am]ican ,r$/>t #e_/aa #e_/a #d_/bh #e_/aa #e_/f #e_/b #e_/e ,family ,,troglodytidae #eh ,mock+bird 44 44 44 44 #d_/bi 44 44 #eb ,catbird #d_/bf #e_/a #d_/bh #d_/cj #d_/bh #c_/bf #e_/e #de ,br[n ,?ra%] #d_/bf #d_/bd #d_/bg #d_/af #d_/bd #d_/bb #d_/ab #df ,h\se ,wr5 #d_/ad #e_/d #d_/cj 44 #d_/ba #d_/bc #d_/ab #cf ,w9t] ,wr5 #d_/h #d_/be #d_/cj 44 #c_/bb #d_/ai #d_/h #hh ,long-bill$ ,m>% ,wr5 44 #d_/ad 44 #d_/ab 44 44 #c_/bi ,family ,,c]?iidae #ai ,br[n ,creep] #d_/g #d_/g #d_/f #d_/b #d_/d #c_/ba #c_/ah ,family ,,p>idae #ba ,:ite-brea/$ ,nu?at* #d_/g #c_/bi #d_/aa #d_/b #c_/ah #c_/ca #d_/b #ed ,r$-brea/$ ,nu?at* 44 44 44 #e_/c 44 #d_/bb #d_/bh #bj ,*ickadee 44 #d_/a 44 #c_/ai #d_/ac 44 44 ,family ,,sylviidae #ag ,gold5-cr[n$ ,k+let #d_/g #c_/ad #d_/aa #d_/f #d_/e #c_/bh #c_/ai #bh ,ruby-cr[n$ ,k+let #d_/ad #d_/a #d_/ac #d_/g #d_/ag #d_/ac #c_/ai #dg ,blue-gray ,gnatcat*] 44 #d_/be #d_/bb #d_/ah #d_/bh #d_/bb #d_/be ,family ,,turdidae #fd ,wood ,?ru% #d_/ah #e_/c #e_/a 44 #e_/d #d_/bi #e_/ab #db ,wilson ,?ru% #e_/aa #d_/aj #d_/ab #d_/g #d_/aa #d_/bf #d_/h #aaj ,gray-*eek$ ,?ru% 44 44 44 44 44 #e_/ba #e_/aa #fj ,olive-back$ ,?ru% 44 #e_/a #e_/d #e_/h #d_/cj #d_/bb #d_/bi #bf ,h]mit ,?ru% 44 #c_/ca #d_/aa #d_/g #d_/e #d_/ac #c_/ai #c ,rob9 #c_/bh #c_/i #c_/d #c_/bd #c_/ad #c_/aj #c_/g #g ,bluebird #c_/bh #c_/h #d_/d #c_/ca #c_/ag #c_/g #c_/g ,,wat] ,,& ,,%ore ,,birds4 ,g5]al ,h9ts4 ,! ,loon & ,grebes are common repres5tatives ( ! ord] ( ,div+ ,birds4 ,_! legs are set f> back on ! body1 mak+ x difficult = !m to walk at all4 99,grebes look l small1 tailless ducks4 ,!y h long1 sl5d] necks1 %ort w+s1 smoo? glossy plumage & flat1 lob$ feet4 ,!y r>ely leave ! wat] & c dive or s9k out ( sight in/antly :5 di/urb$1 swimm+ to a di/ance ) only ! tip ( ! bill out ( wat]4 99,loons are v l>ge1 ) flat1 heavy bodies1 %ort tails & long1 tap]+ bills4 ,!y are nev] cre/$1 b are conspicu\sly m>k$1 & are equally exp]t ) ! grebes 9 div+ & s9k+4 ,gulls & ,t]ns belong to ! ord] ( ! ,long-w+$ ,swimm]s1 b are bett] describ$ by ! "n ( ,skimm]s4 99,t]ns are mu* sl5d]] & usually small] ?an gulls1 h v po9t$ bills & w+s1 & =k$ tails4 ,!y r>ely if ev] swim1 b skim swall[-l ov] ! wat]1 bill d[nw>d1 plung+ into ! wat] = _! prey4 99,gulls are plump] ?an t]ns1 ) heavi] bills & tails usually ev54 ,!y d n dive or plunge sudd5ly into ! wat]1 b fly & so> or float ab\t on ! surface1 sitt+ well up out ( ! wat]4 ,ducks1 ,geese & ,swans h webb$ feet & %ort legs1 & 9 walk+ c>ry !mselves almo/ horizontal4 ,z a rule !y h v /rong w+s1 enabl+ !m to fly long di/ances at great spe$4 ,our ducks are mo/ easily rememb]$ 9 ?ree gr\ps3-- 99#a4 ,! fi%-eat+ ,m]gans]s1 ^: plumage is l>gely black & :ite & :i* h saw-edg$ bills &1 usually1 conspicu\s cre/s4 99#b4 ,! ,sea ,ducks1 :i* are conspicu\sly m>k$ b pla9ly color$1 frequ5t op5 wat] or ! sea coa/1 div+1 (t5 to great dep?s1 = _! food4 ,descriptions are giv5 ( ! ,less] ,scaup1 ,r$head1 ,canvas-back1 ,am]ican ,gold5-eye1 ,old-squaw & ,buffle-head4 99#c4 ,! ,riv] ,ducks1 :i* h broad1 r\nd$ bills1 are mu* v>iegat$ 9 color & m>k+s1 & h a peculi> habit ( fe$+ head d[nw>ds1 z ?\gh /&+ on _! heads ) ! body tipp$ up4 ,! ,teals1 ,mall>d1 ,wood ,duck & ,p9tail belong to ?is gr\p4 ,! females ( ^! ducks1 ?\gh diff]+ noticeably 9 size1 may easily be confus$4 99,geese are l>g] ?an ducks1 fe$ mo/ly on l& & are usually se5 dur+ migration fly+ at a height 9 regul> ranks aft] a lead]4 ,h]ons & ,bitt]ns belong among ! ,wad+ ,birds4 ,!y h long1 po9t$ bills1 long legs1 loose1 baggy plumage1 broad w+s & long necks1 curv$ s %ap$ 9 flight4 99,h]ons are tall1 cre/$ birds1 ) v long legs1 bills & necks & small tails4 ,_! notes are h>% & squawk+4 ,l>ge numb]s sometimes ne/ toge!r4 99,bitt]ns h %ort] legs1 necks & bills ?an h]ons & are v r>ely cre/$4 ,!y utt] ho>se1 res\nd+ calls1 & are ord9>ily solit>y 9 habit4 ,rails & ,coots are kn[n z ,m>% ,birds1 al?\gh ! latt] are f9e swimm]s4 99,rails z a rule are small] ?an bitt]ns & frequ5t grassy m>%es :]e !y /eal /eal?ily ab\t1 effectively conceal$ by _! dull /reaky plumage4 ,%ort turn$-up tails1 %ort w+s & long legs are noticeable *>act]i/ics ( ^! rapid runn]s4 99,coots are ducklike 9 appe>ance & smoo?ly plumag$4 ,lob$ feet enable !m to swim easily4 ,_! bills spread out at ! base 9 ! =m ( a plate or %ield :i* ext5ds up on to ! =ehead4 ,plov]1 ,s&pip]s & ! ,woodcock are /rik+ly diff]5t repres5tatives ( ! great ord] ( ,%ore ,birds4 ,! plov] family h /\t1 %ort bills1 :ile ! s&pip]s & woodcock belong to a family :i* h s(t prob+ bills ( greatly v>y+ l5g?1 = obta9+ _! food 9 s(t mud4 99,s&pip]s h po9t$ w+s1 are dull-color$1 & are usually f\nd slipp+ gracefully along ! wat]'s edge 9 se>* ( food4 ,!y skim rapidly ov] ! wat] on outspread w+s1 & _! cle>1 re$-l notes are di/9ctly musical4 99,plov]s are small & plump1 ) long po9t$ w+s1 %ort necks & r flat heads4 ,!y run & fly v rapidly1 g5]ally 9 flocks pip+ l\dly b sweetly4 ,!y frequ5t ! inl& z well z ! %ore4 ,%ore & ,wat] ,birds are (t5 extremely %y & !y c detect ! pres5ce ( an obs]v] at a di/ance4 ,! caution is !re=e emphasiz$ to approa* !m sl[ly & quietly4 ,p>ticul> ,h9ts4 99,note3--,ow+ to a lack ( suffici5t data ! foll[+ ,%ore & ,wat] ,birds are arrang$ accord+ to ! ,am]ican ,orni?ologi/'s ,union ord] in/ead ( _! av]age fir/ appe>ance4 ,!y h all be5 se51 h[ev]1 9 ,l9coln ,p>k by ! au?ors4 #aae4 ,,horn$ ,,grebe4 #ad 94 7,colymbus auritus4 #c47 ,br[ni%1 sooty black1 ext5d+ 9 n>r[ l9e up back ( neck2 re/ ( neck1 sides & upp] brea/ ri* *e/nut-br[n2 silky :ite bel[2 head & *9 deep black1 set (f by buffy horns or cre/s1 :i* slant abruptly backw>ds f ! eyes2 black bill1 tipp$ ) yell[2 eye1 r$4 ,w9t] ,plumage3 ,black p>ts sooty2 br[n replac$ by :ite2 gray] bel[2 cre/s & ruff less conspicu\s4 99,pi$-bill$ ,grebe4 #aaf4 ,,pi$-,,bill$ ,,grebe4 #ac-a_/b 94 7,podilymbus podiceps4 #f47 ,br[ni%-black1 %[+ gray on head & neck2 belly1 dusky :ite1 o!rwise br[ni% bel[2 black ?roat-pat* & a conspicu\s black b& across bill4 ,w9t] ,plumage3 ,?roat :iti%2 br[n] bel[2 no b& on bill4 99,horn$ ,grebe4 #aag4 ,,loon4 #cc 94 7,gavia imb]4 #g47 ,black1 %[+ gre5i% on head & neck1 spott$ ) squ>e or oval pat*es ( :ite on back & w+s & /rip$ ) :ite 9 front ( w+s2 :ite bel[2 two conspicu\s :ite-/rip$ b>s across ! black neck give ! effect ( a broad black coll>2 tail1 v %ort2 eye1 r$2 l>ge black bill1 long & po9t$2 dives & s9ks l ! ,grebes2 note1 an e]ie1 prolong$ cry4 #aah4 ,,am]ican ,,h]r+ ,,gull4 #bd 94 7,l>us arg5tatus smi?sonianus4 #ea;a47 ,:ite2 w+s & back1 pe>ly blue-gray2 bill yell[1 %[+ a small v]million spot on ei!r side2 ! longe/ w+ fea!rs are p>tly black1 m>k$ & tipp$ ) :ite2 ! clos$ w+ !re=e %[s black t[>ds ! end1 m>k$ ) a regul> l9e ( :ite spots & tipp$ ) :ite at ! extreme po9t2 eyelids1 bright yell[2 looks l>ge & heavy 9 flight4 ,w9t] ,plumage3 ,/reak$ on head & neck ) gray4 ,immature ,plumage3 ,d>k & mu* /reak$ ) br[ni%2 bill d>k]4 99,r+-bill$ ,gull4 #aai4 ,,r+-,,bill$ ,,gull4 #ai 94 7,l>us delaw>5sis4 #ed47 ,simil> to ! ,am]ican ,h]r+ ,gull1 b small]2 bill1 gre5i%-yell[1 bright at tip1 b&$ ) black ar\nd ! middle2 w+ tipp$ at extreme po9t ) black2 feet gre5i%-yell[2 eyelids v]million-r$4 99,am]ican ,h]r+ ,gull4 #abj4 ,,bonap>te ,,gull4 #ac 94 7,l>us philadelphia4 #fj47 ,back & w+s1 light pe>l-gray2 head & ?roat1 d>k slate color2 back ( head1 neck1 und]p>ts & squ>e tail1 :ite2 w+s tipp$1 & bord]$ n>r[ly on ! outside edge ) black2 feet & legs1 r$2 bill black4 ,w9t] ,plumage3 ,hood1 grayi% :ite4 ,l>ge flocks se5 9 ,l9coln ,p>k4 99,common ,t]n4 #aba4 ,,common ,,t]n4 #ae 94 7,/]na hirundo4 #gj47 ,pe>ly gray back & w+s1 :it] on rump2 top ( head1 %9+ black2 pure :ite on ?roat2 dusky-:ite bel[2 tail =k$1 out] edge d>ke/2 bill long & r$1 black5+ t[>ds tip2 feet r$di%4 ,w9t] ,plumage3 ,front ( head & "u-p>ts1 :ite2 bill ne>ly black4 99,bonap>te ,gull4 #abb4 ,,am]ican ,,m]gans]4 #be 94 7,m]gans] am]icanus4 #abi47 ,black2 rump & tail1 a%y gray2 head1 ?roat & upp] "p ( neck1 gre5i% black2 w+1 l>gely :ite1 edg$ ) black & cross$ by a black b>2 :ite bel[1 ext5d+ ar\nd ! neck 9 a n>r[ coll>2 long r$ bill tipp$ ) black2 eye1 r$2 %[s salmon t+e bel[ 9 flight4 ,female3 ,a%y-gray1 ) %>ply def9$ br[n head & neck & a pale salmon or br[ni% t+e across upp] brea/2 ?roat1 :ite2 w+s l>gely d>k ) a :ite pat*2 small cre/ on back ( neck2 feet orange2 eye yell[2 r>e2 pursues & cat*es food "u wat]4 99,am]ican ,gold5-eye4 99,r$-brea/$ ,m]gans]4 #abc4 ,,r$-,,brea/$ ,,m]gans]4 #bb 94 7,m]gans] s]rator4 #acj47 ,long ragg$ cre/2 head & neck black2 broad :ite coll>2 broad c9namon b& /reak$ ) black across ! brea/1 o!rwise :ite bel[1 %[+ salmon t+e 9 flight2 w+ l>gely :ite1 edg$ & b>r$ twice ) black2 eye & bill1 r$4 ,female3 ,back & w+s d>k gray turn+ to br[n on head & neck2 mu* pal] on sides ( neck & ?roat & gray across brea/2 cre/1 less prom95t2 :ite w+-pat*2 common4 99,am]ican ,m]gans]4 #abd4 ,,hood$ ,,m]gans]4 #ah 94 7,lophodytes cucullatus4 #aca47 ,black1 includ+ ?roat & neck2 l>ge1 circul> cre/1 :ite1 bord]$ ) black2 :ite bel[ runn+ up 9 front ( ! w+s 9 two po9ts2 sides br[ni%1 f9ely l9$ ) black2 :ite w+-pat*1 cross$ by black b>2 also l5g?wise :ite /reaks on end ( w+s2 %ort black bill2 eye yell[4 ,female3 ,grayi%-br[n2 ?roat :ite2 cre/ small2 sides unm>k$4 99,buffle-head4 #abe4 ,,mall>d4 #bc 94 7,anas bos*as4 #acb47 ,head1 ?roat & neck glossy gre52 n>r[ :ite coll>2 brea/1 ri* br[n2 back1 d>k br[ni%2 und]p>ts1 silv]-gray2 tail :ite1 set (f by black fea!rs :i* curl up f ei!r side ( ! black rump2 w+-pat* purple1 bord]$ on ei!r side ) a black & !n a :ite b>4 ,female3 ,buffy-br[n & black2 mu* /reak$ & speckl$2 light] on ?roat2 %[s w+-pat* z 9 male2 common4 #abf4 ,,gre5-,,w+$ ,,teal4 #ad-a_/b 94 7,nettion c>ol95sis4 #aci47 ,gray1 f9ely l9$ on sides & %\ld]s ) black2 :ite b> 9 front ( w+2 head1 includ+ ?roat1 br[n ) a broad gre5 /ripe f eye to back ( head1 end+ 9 a small tuft2 w+s1 gray-br[n ) brilliant gre5 & black w+-pat*1 bord]$ by buffy b>s2 brea/ v pale r$di%-br[n1 speckl$ ) r\nd black spots2 buffy pat*es on sides ( tail2 :ite belly4 ,female3 ,mottl$ br[n2 top ( head & back ( neck d>k br[n2 sides ( head & neck buff-color$ & f9ely /reak$2 ?roat buff1 unm>k$2 no gre5 on head nor :ite b> 9 front ( w+s2 w+-pat* z 9 male1 b small]4 99,blue-w+$ ,teal4 #abg4 ,,blue-,,w+$ ,,teal4 #ae 94 7,qu]qu$ula discors4 #adj47 ,back & und]p>ts ?ickly mottl$ br[ni% & black1 lighte/ bel[2 head slaty1 %[+ purpli% gloss2 a conspicu\s cresc5t-%ap$ :ite /ripe 9 front ( eye2 %[s blue on b5d ( w+1 foll[$ by a :ite b> & a bright gre5 w+-pat*2 :ite pat* on sides ( tail2 bill black4 ,female3 ,dusky-br[n2 black on top ( head2 /reak$ & :iti% on neck & sides ( head2 ?roat & ab\t base ( bill1 :ite2 back & und]p>ts1 mottl$ & spott$2 w+ %[s blue b no gre52 :ite b>s on head are want+4 99,gre5-w+$ ,teal4 #abh4 ,,p9tail4 #bg 94 7,dafila acuta4 #adc47 ,head1 includ+ ?roat1 br[n1 d>ke/ on top2 long1 swan-l neck1 black above1 f9ely wav$ :ite & dusky on back & sides2 long middle tail fea!rs1 black2 :ite bel[ ) a conspicu\s curv$ :ite /ripe runn+ up sides ( neck to head & end+ 9 a po9t2 bronzy pat* on w+s4 ,female3 ,tail mu* %ort] b po9t$2 dusky1 ev]y:]e /reak$2 no :ite /ripe on neck2 :iti% w+-b>s2 small] ?an male4 99,old-squaw4 #abi4 ,,wood ,,duck4 #ah 94 7,aix sponsa4 #add47 ,highly v>iegat$2 long1 smoo?1 glossy cre/1 %[+ gre5 & purple iridesc5ce & m>k$ by two v n>r[ :ite p>allel l9es1 curv+ f bill & beh9d eye almo/ to end ( cre/2 ?roat :ite1 ext5d+ irregul>ly 9 two /ripes1 "o up beh9d eye1 ! o!r ne>ly ar\nd neck2 brea/1 glossy br[n1 spott$ ) :ite & set (f on ei!r side by a conspicu\s :ite /ripe bord]$ ) black2 w+s highly iridesc5t1 m>k$ by gre5 pat* bord]$ ) :ite4 ,female3 ,mu* dull] & less conspicu\sly m>k$2 head br[ni%-gray1 slightly cre/$ %[+ gre5i% t9ts2 ?roat & l9e ext5d+ f x ar\nd base ( bill1 ) space ab\t eye1 :ite4 #acj4 ,,r$head4 #bj 94 7,ay?ya am]icana4 #adf47 ,puffy head & upp] "p ( neck & ?roat1 bright r$di% br[n2 brea/ & upp] "p ( back ) rump1 black2 belly :ite2 middle back & sides ev5ly & f9ely wav$ black & :ite1 :i* %[s gray at a di/ance4 ,female3 ,grayi%-br[n1 almo/ :ite on ?roat2 br[n on head1 light br[n on neck4 99,canvas-back4 #aca4 ,,less] ,,scaup ,,duck4 #af 94 7,ay?ya aff9is4 #adi47 ,head1 neck & brea/ black1 %[+ purple reflections on head2 back black & :ite1 v n>r[ly b>r$2 upp] p>ts ( w+s d>k1 f9ely mottl$ ) :ite2 l[] "p ( w+ br[ni%-black1 %[+ a small :ite pat*2 l[] brea/ & belly :ite2 bill1 blui%1 tipp$ ) black4 ,female3 ,black replac$ by br[n1 light] on head2 region ar\nd bill :ite4 99,female ,r$head1 easily confus$ ) female ,less] ,scaup4 #acb4 ,,am]ican ,,gold5-,,eye4 #ai 94 7,clangula am]icana4 #aea47 ,black1 gloss$ ) gre52 :ite bel[1 ext5d+ ar\nd ! neck 9 a coll>2 head bun*y1 slightly cre/$ & m>k$ bel[ eye & j back ( eye by a ne>ly oval :ite spot2 w+s l>gely :ite2 %ort bill4 ,female3 ,br[n1 snuff-color$ on head2 :ite coll>2 :ite w+ pat*2 b& ( blui% gray across brea/ & d[n sides4 99,am]ican ,m]gans]4 #acc4 ,,buffle-,,head4 #ae 94 7,*>itonetta albeola4 #aec47 ,head1 ?roat & upp] neck1 iridesc5t black2 conspicu\s black cre/ broadly b&$ ) :ite ov] head f eye to eye2 back black1 a%y on tail2 w+s black ) a v l>ge :ite pat*2 coll> & entire "u p>ts1 :ite4 ,female3 ,small]2 br[ni%1 light] bel[ ) no cre/ & only a :ite pat* on *eeks & a small :ite w+ pat*4 99,hood$ ,m]gans]4 #acd4 ,,old-,,squaw4 #ba 94 7,h>elda hiemalis4 #aed47 ,w9t] ,plumage3 ,back1 long tail-fea!rs & brea/ ) conspicu\s pat* on sides ( neck1 black2 ?roat & upp] brea/1 top ( head1 neck & belly1 :ite2 *eeks grayi%-br[n2 w+s black & gray2 bill cross$ by yell[i% b&4 ,female3 ,d>k br[n1 light] on head1 grayi% on tail2 ?roat1 brea/ & region ab\t ! eye1 gray-:ite2 bel[ :ite1 br[n on l[] "p ( ?roat2 no long tail-fea!rs2 small] ?an male4 ,summ] ,plumage3 ,head & neck1 dusky black2 grayi%-:ite on sides ( head1 & female %[s m br[n4 99,p9tail4 #ace4 ,,canada ,,goose4 #dj 94 7,branta canad5sis4 #agb47 ,head & neck1 black ) :ite ?roat-pat* ext5d+ up to & j beh9d eye2 br[ni%-gray m>k$ ) light]1 d>ke/ on back2 rump & tail1 black above & :ite bel[2 fly aft] a lead] 9 h>r[-%ap$ ranks1 (t5 high up1 cry+1 honk1 honk1 honk4 #acf4 ,,am]ican ,,bitt]n4 #cj 94 7,botaurus l5tig9osus4 #aij47 ,/reaky tawny- & d>k-br[n2 tawny-yell[i% bel[1 mix$ ) :ite & /reak$ ) d>k br[n2 conspicu\s black /reak on sides ( neck2 %ort br[n tail2 brea/ fea!rs loose & baggy2 yell[ eye2 call1 l\d res\nd+ squawk or boom+ notes :i* h giv5 x ! common "n ( /ake-driv]4 #acg4 ,,lea/ ,,bitt]n4 #ac 94 7,ardetta exilis4 #aia47 ,cr[n1 ) back1 tail & upp] half ( w+s1 %9+ gre5i%-black2 re/ ( w+ %[s buff & bright *e/nut2 ?roat & baggy brea/1 :iti%1 %ad+ into yell[i%-br[n on sides ( neck1 & *e/nut on back ( neck2 buffy :ite bel[2 tufts ( d>k fea!rs on ei!r side ( brea/2 yell[ eye4 99,gre5 ,h]on4 #ach4 ,,gre5 ,,h]on4 #ag 94 7,butorides viresc5s4 #bja47 ,w+s & back d>k gre51 latt] t+$ ) blue-gray2 cr[n1 gre5i%-black2 neck & brea/1 ri* r$di% br[n2 ?roat & l9e d[n middle ( neck to brea/ :iti%1 end+ 9 light /reaks on brea/2 ! smalle/ h]on2 c>ries neck curv$ 9 flight2 squawk+ note1 sc[4 99,lea/ ,bitt]n4 #aci4 ,,sora4 #h-a_/b 94 7,porzana c>ol9a4 #bad47 ,olive-br[n ) l5g?wise m>k+s ( black & "s :ite2 %ort tail turn$ up1 %[+ buffy :ite und]side2 sides b>r$ po/]iorily ) :ite2 front ( head & ?roat1 black2 slaty l9e ov] eye2 sides ( neck & brea/1 grayi% slate2 bill %ort & yell[i%2 legs long4 ,"y3 ,no black2 ?roat :iti% & br[n on brea/2 v /eal?y2 skulks & cr\*es 9 grass4 #adj4 ,,am]ican ,,coot4 #ae 94 7,fulica am]icana4 #bba47 ,smoo? blacki% slate color1 light] bel[ & black on head & neck2 :ite bill %[s d>k m>ks ne> ! tip2 turn$ up tail2 :ite und]nea?2 w+ edg$ ) :ite2 eye r$2 "y %[ :ite bel[ & no m>ks on bill2 toes ) scallop$ edges4 ,may be mi/ak5 = a small duck4 #ada4 ,,am]ican ,,woodcock4 #aj-a_/b 94 7,philohela m9or4 #bbh47 ,black1 mix$ black & ru/y slate2 bel[ r$di%-br[n1 no m>k+s2 l>ge head ) %ort neck & v long /raight bill2 eye set high up & f> back2 cr[n b>r$ crosswise ) black & ru/y2 %ort tail2 burr[s 9 s(t mud = e>?worms2 nocturnal4 #adb4 ,,semi-,,palmat$ ,,s&pip]4 #f 94 7,ereunetes pusillus4 #bdf47 ,grayi%-br[n1 m>k$ ) black & buffy2 rump v d>k2 tail tap]+2 und]p>ts pure :ite1 slightly t+$ & /reak$ across brea/2 :ite l9e ov] eye & dusky l9e b5ea?2 note1 peep-peep4 99,o!r ,s&pip]s4 #adc4 ,,solit>y ,,s&pip]4 #h-a_/b 94 7,helodromas solit>ius4 #bef47 ,back1 dusky olive-br[n1 f9ely spott$ ) :ite2 cr[n & back ( neck %[+ d>k /reaks2 :ite bel[1 ?roat unm>k$2 sides ( head & neck ) brea/ slightly buffy & di/9ctly /reak$2 sides lightly b>r$2 w+s d>k br[n ) "o n>r[ :ite w+-b>2 middle ( tail v d>k2 out] fea!rs :ite1 b>r$ ) black2 note1 a s(t :i/le4 99,spott$ ,s&pip]4 #add4 ,,spott$ ,,s&pip]4 #g-a_/b 94 7,actitis macul>ia4 #bfc47 ,gre5i%-a% m>k$ lightly ) black2 long :ite l9e ov] eye2 pure :ite bel[ ev]y:]e ) d>k r\nd spots2 w+s br[ni%1 m>k$ broadly ) :ite b>2 flies close to ! wat] ) w+s full-spread1 %[+ :ite w+-b>2 note1 p5etrat+ pee-weet1 weet2 walks ) tilt+ motion4 99,solit>y ,s&pip]4 #ade4 ,,killde]4 #aj 94 7,oxye*us vocif]us4 #bgc47 ,gray-br[n2 rump ru/y-br[n2 tail r long2 :ite bel[2 :ite coll> foll[$ by a black coll>1 & a black b& across brea/2 =ehead1 l9e ov] eye & w+-b>1 :ite2 bill black2 runs v swiftly2 note1 l\d & p]si/5t kill-dee (t5 he>d high ov]head4 ,explanation ( ,*>t4 ,! height ( ! migration usually comes dur+ ! second or ?ird week 9 ,may4 ,?is *>t makes a comp>ison ( ! obs]vations ( six ye>s graphic4 ,= in/ance1 ! l>ge/ numb] ( diff]5t species se5 on any "o morn+ 9 #aijc 0 #fh 7,may #ab71 :ile 9 #aija x 0 #dh 7,may #af74 ,! sudd5 rise or fall 9 ! migration may also be se5 at a glance4 ,may #i1 #ahii1 = example1 only #af diff]5t species 7 obs]v$ & ,may #aj ! record 0 #dj4 ,simil>ly1 9 #aija1 ! numb] ( species se5 ,may #ag dropp$ f #de to #ae 9 ?ree days4 ,a *>t %[+ ! numb] ( diff]5t k9ds ( birds se5 9 ,,l9coln ,,p>k dur+ ! ,,height ,,( ,,! ,,migration ,note to ,key4 ,9 response to _m dem&s1 ! foll[+ simple field-key has be5 devis$1 to ! end t ! beg9n] may be aid$ 9 le>n+ to obs]ve correctly ^? po9ts ab\t a bird t appe> mo/ conspicu\s 9 ! field or :i* are p>ticul>ly di/9ctive4 ,te*nical analyses & measurem5ts h n be5 employ$1 b in/ead1 ! birds are r\ghly plac$ 9 ?ree gr\ps accord+ to size1 ! ,rob9 & ,engli% ,sp>r[ m>k+ respectively ! #aj-;in* & #f-;in* l9es ( division4 ,! fir/ "p ( ! key deals ) g5]al diff]5ces 9 color & m>k+s1 :ile ! second seeks to emphasize ! mo/ notewor?y special po9ts :i* di/+ui% ! diff]5t species4 ,incid5tally a few /rik+ peculi>ities ( bill1 w+s & tail h be5 includ$4 ,x w readily be se5 t a key embrac+ s little _c d m ?an r$uce wild guess+ to a few reasonable *ances 9 id5tify+ a /range bird4 ,"s practice is ( c\rse necess>y to enable ! /ud5t to use ! key readily4 ,its helpfulness w l>gely dep5d ^u accuracy ( obs]vation & a c>eful application ( ! po9ts :i* x sugge/s4 ,%ore & wat] birds h be5 omitt$--fir/1 9 ord] to keep ! key z simple z possible2 second1 because q full descriptions ( ^! birds are giv5 9 ! ,p>ticul> ,h9ts2 &1 ?ird1 = ! reason t beg9n]s1 z a rule1 meet ) f> bett] success by becom+ famili> ) ! common l& birds be=e attempt+ ! /udy ( wat] & %ore birds4 ,,explanations4 #a4 ,! head+1 ,dull ,colors1 includes all %ades ( gray or olive1 v dull d>k-br[n & black n %[+ conspicu\s iridesc5ce4 ,birds 9 ?is gr\p are v r>ely /reak$ or spott$1 nev] b>r$ & seldom %[ any trace ( bright colors4 #b4 ,to make ! key compact & to avoid ref]r+ to ! index ! birds are indicat$ by _! respective numb]s z giv5 "u ,p>ticul> ,h9ts4 #c4 ,females diff]+ greatly 9 coloration f ! males are d5ot$ by heavy figures4 ,diff]5ces 9 m>k+s are tak5 into acc\nt only :5 ! female is p>ticul>ly obscure or liable to be mi/ak5 = ano!r species4 #d4 ,e bird appe>s once "u ! fir/ six g5]al head+s1 & a few twice1 "s ( :i* come "u app>5tly contradictory head+s 9 ord] to cov] incomplete z well z complete obs]vations4 ,= example1 ! ,rob9 has a /reak$ ?roat & ! ,fox ,sp>r[ an indi/9ctly /reak$ back1 bo? inconspicu\s po9ts1 (t5 ov]look$ 9 ! field1 yet useful if complete obs]vations h be5 made4 ,aga91 ! ,yell[-belli$ ,flycat*]1 ?\gh bright] color$ ?an mo/ ( its k9d1 w\ld sc>cely be describ$ z hav+ ei!r brilliant or v dull plumage1 & is !re=e difficult to tabulate exclusively 9 "o place4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,use ,,! ,,key4 ,two illu/rations w mo/ briefly indicate ! easie/ me?od ( us+ ! key-- ,obs]vation3 ,a dull-color$ bird ( m$ium size1 ne>] six in*es ?an t51 mu* /reak$ all ov]1 %[+ no?+ di/9ctive unless a k9d ( spot on ! brea/4 ,turn+ to ! key1 pass by ,bright ,colors1 ,iridesc5t & ,dull ,colors1 *oos+ ,/reak$1 ,b>r$ or ,spott$4 ,n be+ sure ( ! size1 x may be necess>y to try all ! birds betwe5 #f & #aj in*es1 z well z ^? less ?an #f in*es4 ,be=e go+ to s mu* tr\ble1 h[ev]1 pass on to ,"u ,p>ts & see :e!r an easi] approa* c be made !re4 ,! sub-head+ ,spot or pat* on ?roat1 sides1 brea/ or sides ( neck looks compreh5sive en\gh to apply1 :ile 9 ?is case x conta9s few] examples4 ,comp>+ ! numb]s !re giv5 ) ^? "u ! fir/ head+ select$1 x is f\nd t only #aj & #bc appe> 9 bo? places4 ,on look+ up #aj & #bc x is f\nd t !y ref] to ! ,song ,sp>r[ & ,sapsuck]1 two species s widely diff]5t 9 coloration1 habits & movem5ts t x ought n to be necess>y to /udy ! key fur!r 9 ord] to be sure ( ! bird 9 "q--namely1 ! ,song ,sp>r[4 ,obs]vation3 ,a bird 9 flight1 pure :ite bel[1 )\t d\bt ov] #aj in*es on acc\nt ( its long tail4 ,n hav+ se5 ! g5]al color ) any c]ta9ty1 b be+ fairly sure ( ! :ite brea/ & long tail1 try ,"u ,p>ts fir/4 ,only two birds ov] #aj in*es are giv5 "u ! sub-head+ ,pure :ite or a%y1 & ^! are #ajc & #aji4 ,turn+ to ,tail1 bo? numb]s appe> "u v long1 sometimes keel$ or =k$1 b only #ajc1 ! ,yell[-bill$ ,cuckoo1 comes "u ,out] tail-fea!rs conspicu\sly :ite or spott$4 ,if conspicu\s tail spots _h be5 se5 ! key w\ld h help$ to id5tify ! bird1 b ! key alone _c make up = lack ( obs]vations4 ,! second illu/ration may give =ce to ! sugge/ion t c]ta9 birds c be satisfactorily id5tifi$ only aft] v c>eful obs]vation & "s fur!r /udy4 ,,bright ,,colors ,/reak$ ,b>r$ ,spott$ ,a#a ,%[+ ,blue1 blue-gray or blui%-a% ,a#b ,%[+ ,r$1 *e/nut1 light or r$di%-br[n ,a#c ,%[+ ,yell[1 orange or buff ,a#d ,%[+ conspicu\s ,black m>k+s ,,nev] ,/reak$ ,b>r$ ,spott$ ,a#e ,%[+ ,blue1 blue-gray or blui%-a% ,a#f ,%[+ ,r$1 *e/nut1 light or r$di%-br[n ,a#g ,%[+ ,yell[1 orange or buff ,a#h ,%[+ mu* ,black ,,iridesc5t ,b#a ,%[+ iridesc5t black1 blue1 gre5 or br[ni% ,,dull ,,colors ,few ,m>k+s ,c#a ,%>ply def9$ ,c#b ,obscure ,d#a ,,no ,,m>k+s ,,/reak$ ,,b>r$ ,,or ,,spott$ ,,on ,,brea/ ,,back ,,or ,,bo? ,e#a ,above & ,bel[1 r>ely bright colors ,pla9 ,above ,e#b ,heavily /reak$ or spott$ bel[ ,e#c ,lightly /reak$ or spott$ bel[ ,e#d ,pla9 ,bel[1 r>ely ) "o conspicu\s spot on brea/ ,e#e ,highly ,v>iegat$ ,f#a ,,hood ,,"u ,,p>ts ,no ,m>k+s ,g#a ,pure :ite or a%y ,g#b ,dull colors1 indi/9ctly %ad$ ,few1 if any1 ,m>k+s ,g#c ,di/9ctive r$1 yell[ or br[n ,brea/ ,g#d ,belly :ite or yell[1 %>ply contra/+ ) brea/ ,di/9ctive ,m>k+s ,g#e ,a l9e ( /reaks d[n sides or across brea/ ,g#f ,spott$1 f9ely /reak$1 or ?roat & middle ( belly pla9 ,g#g ,bib1 coll>1 or b& across brea/ ,g#h ,spot or pat* on ?roat1 sides1 brea/1 or sides ( neck ,g#i ,noticeably t+$ ) r$1 yell[1 buff or br[ni% ,,bill ,h#a ,hook$1 or noticeably long & sometimes curv$ ,h#b ,l>ge & /\t1 or noticeably %ort & ?ick ,h#c ,us$ = hamm]+ ,,head ,top ,i#a ,cre/$1 or r$ cr[n-pat* display$ at w ,i#b ,cr[n conspicu\sly ,/rip$ ,i#c ,di/9ct ,cap1 no l9e ov] eye ,i#d ,di/9ct ,cap or cr[n-pat*1 ) l9e ov]1 ?r\gh or back ( eye ,i#e ,=ehead %[+ black1 sometimes ) b> ?r\gh eye ,sides ,i#f ,conspicu\s l9e ov] or ?r\gh eye ,i#g ,inconspicu\s b di/9ctive l9e ov] eye ,i#h ,conspicu\s eye-r+1 or black or yell[ mask ,i#i ,di/9ctively m>k$ or color$ on *eeks or sides ( head ,,w+s ,j#a ,long & po9t$ ,j#b ,"o or two conspicu\s ,,w+-,,b>s1 :ite or yell[i% ,j#c ,spots1 pat*es or bright m>k+s ,,back ,/reak$ ,k#a ,entirely /reak$ or mottl$1 no di/9ct cap ,k#b ,rump pla91 cap or /rip$ cr[n ,k#c ,gray or a%y ab\t head or neck ,b>r$ & ,spott$ ,k#d ,b>r$1 includ+ w+s ,k#e ,black & :ite1 w+s b>r$ or spott$ ,k#f ,no ,m>k+s1 back & w+s alike ,di/9ctive ,m>k+s or ,colors ,k#g ,rump pat*1 :ite1 yell[ or br[n ,k#h ,on back ( neck1 betwe5 %\ld]s1 or middle ( back ,,tail ,color ,l#a ,out] fea!rs conspicu\sly :ite or spott$ ,l#b ,r$di%-br[n1 or tipp$ ) :ite or yell[ ,l#c ,m>k+s3 ,b>r$ or b&$ ) black or :ite ,size ,l#d ,v long1 sometimes keel$ or =k$ ,l#e ,v %ort ,l#f ,n>r[ & po9t$ ,l#g ,movem5ts3 ,us$ = brac+1 or1 j]k+ or tilt+ motions4 #aj ,in*es or m ,betwe5 #f & #aj ,in*es ,less ?an #f ,in*es ,,bright ,,colors ,a#a #a1 #bb4 444 #ch1 #ff1 #ajj1 #ajd4 ,a#b #c1 #dc1 #de4 #ac1 #dj1 #hj4 #gf1 #hi1 #ih4 ,a#c #e4 #aab4 #di1 #ef1 #ff1 #fh1 #gc1 #gg1 #ajd4 ,a#d #a1 #e1 #dc4 #aab4 #ch1 #ef1 #ff1 #gc1 #gf1 #gg1 #hi1 #ih1 #ajd4 ,a#e 444 #g1 #dd4 #ba1 #dg1 #ed1 #hc1 #hd1 #hf1 #ij1 #ic1 #id1 #ie1 #ig1 #aac4 ,a#f #c4 #g1 #ae1 #bg1 #ca1 #da1 #eg1 #ga1 #gh1 #hg4 444 ,a#g #aaa4 #bg1 #da1 #fa1 #gj1 #hb1 #ib4 #ec1 #fe1 #fg1 #gi1 #hd1 #ij1 #ic1 #ie1 #ig1 #aja1 #aje1 #aac4 ,a#h #aaa4 #ae1 #bg1 #eg1 #gj1 #gh1 #hg1 #ib4 #fg1 #hc1 #aja4 ,,iridesc5t ,b#a #i1 #ce4 #aa1 #bd1 #cj1 #dd1 #ha4 #ajg4 ,,dull ,,colors ,c#a #ce1 #eh4 #b1 #d1 #eb1 #fi1 99#hg4 #ag1 #bj1 #bh1 #gb1 #hc4 ,c#b #ajc1 #aji1 99#aaa4 99#aa1 #ad1 99#bd1 99#ca1 #ge1 99#gh1 99#ha1 #ia4 #bh1 #ei1 #fc1 99#fg1 #he1 99#id1 #if ,,no ,,m>k+s ,d#a #f4 99#aa1 #ad1 99#bd1 99#ga1 #ha4 #ei1 99#fe1 #he1 99#id4 ,,/reak$ ,,b>r$ ,,or ,,spott$ ,,on ,,brea/ ,,back ,,or ,,bo? ,e#a #ah1 99#cc1 #dc4 #aj1 #ac1 #bc1 99#bg1 #cg1 99#dj1 99#hj1 99#ib1 #ii1 #ajh4 #h1 #cf1 #df1 #ej1 #ee1 #gg1 #ajb1 #ajf4 ,e#b 99#dc1 #de4 #ac1 #bf1 #fj1 #fb1 #fd1 #gd1 #aaj4 #ea1 #ajd4 ,e#c #cc4 #db1 99#ha4 #di1 #fh1 99#ajd4 ,e#d #e4 #ab1 #af1 #bi1 #cb1 #dh1 #aab1 #aad4 #ai1 #be1 #cd1 #ci1 #hh4 ,e#e 444 #hj4 #ch1 #ef1 #ff1 #gc1 #gf1 #gg1 #hi1 #ih1 #ajj4 ,,hood ,f#a #aaa4 #aa1 #eg1 #gj1 #hg4 #ie1 #aja4 ,,"u ,,p>ts ,g#a #ajc1 #aji4 #af1 #bi1 #cj1 #dh1 #fi1 #ge4 #ai1 #ba1 #cd1 #he4 ,g#b #a1 #eh4 #b1 #ad1 99#bd1 99#gj1 99#hg1 #ia4 #ag1 #bj1 #be1 #bh1 #ci1 #dg1 #fc1 #hh1 #if4 ,g#c #c1 #e4 #g1 #dd1 #hb1 #aab4 #ec1 #fe1 #gi1 #hd1 #ie1 #aja1 #aje4 ,g#d 444 #d1 #ae1 #fa1 #hb4 #gi1 #hc1 #ig1 #aac4 ,g#e 444 #bc4 #ch1 #ff1 #gc1 #ih1 #ajj1 #ajb1 #ajd4 ,g#f #dc4 #fb1 #fd4 #ej4 ,g#g #bb4 #d1 #ae1 #ii1 #ajh4 #ef1 #hc1 #hi1 #ij1 #ajj1 #aja1 #ajf4 ,g#h #e1 #ah4 #aj1 #ab1 #bc1 #cb1 #hj1 #aab4 #gf1 #ic1 #ig1 #ajg4 ,g#i 444 #bc1 #dj1 #fj1 #aad4 #be1 #cf1 #di1 99#ec1 #ed1 #gb1 #hf1 #ajf4 ,,bill ,h#a #cc1 #dc1 #de1 #ajc1 #aji4 #b4 #ai1 #hh1 #ajg ,h#b 444 #aa1 #ca1 #dj1 #hj4 #fg4 ,h#c #ah4 #af1 #bc1 #bi1 99#eg1 #aad4 444 ,,head ,i#a #a1 #bb4 #ca1 #da1 #fa1 #fi4 #bh4 ,i#b 444 #cb1 #dh1 #gd4 #ag1 #ee4 ,i#c 444 #eb1 #aad4 #bj1 #ba1 #fg1 #hi1 #ajb1 #aje4 ,i#d 444 #ab4 #be1 #cd1 #ch1 #di1 #ed1 #ic1 #ih4 ,i#e 444 #ca1 #da4 #ci1 #dg1 #fe1 #hi4 ,i#f #e4 #b1 #af1 #bi1 #cb1 #fb1 #hb1 #aab4 #dg1 #ea1 #ec1 #ef1 #ff1 99#gg1 #gi1 #hh4 ,i#g 99#aaa4 #bd1 #ge4 #h1 #if1 99#ajj4 ,i#h 444 #fj4 #bj1 #fe1 #gb1 #gi1 #hd1 #hf1 #aja1 #aac4 ,i#i #ce1 #dc4 #aaj1 #aad4 #bj1 #di1 #ej1 #gc1 #gg1 #hi1 #ic1 #ajj1 #ajb4 ,,w+s ,j#a 444 #cj1 #dd1 #ha1 #ii1 #ajh4 #ei4 ,j#b #de4 #ab1 #dh1 #gj1 99#hg1 #ia4 #ai1 #bh1 #ec1 #ef1 #fc1 #fg1 #gb1 #gi1 #hf1 #hi1 #ij1 #ih1 #ajj1 #ajb4 ,j#c #eh1 #aaa4 #b1 #ae1 #bg1 #eg1 #hj1 #ajh4 #ff1 #gf1 #hc1 #ic4 ,,back ,k#a 99#e4 #aj1 #cg1 99#dj1 99#hj1 99#ib1 #ii1 #ajh4 #h1 #ej1 #ee1 #ajf4 ,k#b 444 #cb4 #ai1 #ed1 #eh1 #gc1 #gg1 #ajb4 ,k#c 444 #ab1 #dh1 #aab4 #be1 #ci4 ,k#d #ah1 99#dc4 #aad4 #cf1 #df4 ,k#e 444 #af1 #bc1 #bi4 444 ,k#f #c1 #f1 #i1 #ce1 #aji4 #d1 #g1 #aa1 #ad1 #bf1 #db1 #fj1 #fb1 #bj1 #ea1 #ed1 #ei1 #fe1 #hd1 #he1 #if1 #ig1 #fd1 #gd1 #ge1 #ha1 #hb1 #aaj4 #aja1 #ajd1 #aje1 #aac4 ,k#g #ah1 #cc4 #hj4 #ch1 #ff1 #gg1 #hh4 ,k#h #ah4 #af1 #bc1 #bi1 #aad4 #ej1 #hh1 #ij4 ,,tail ,l#a #c1 #e1 #bb1 #eh1 #ajc4 #b1 #d1 #ae1 #bi1 #cg4 #ch1 #dg1 #di1 #ec1 #ef1 #gf1 #hi1 #ajj4 ,l#b #a1 #ce4 #ac1 #bf1 #da1 #fa1 #fi4 444 ,l#c #a1 #cc1 #dc4 #af1 #bc1 #aad4 #cf1 #df1 #ff1 #hh4 ,l#d #i1 #ce1 #de1 #ajc1 #aji4 #dd4 #ai1 #dg4 ,l#e 444 444 #ba1 #cf1 #ed1 #ei1 #ajg4 ,l#f #ce4 444 #h1 #ej4 ,l#g #ah4 #af1 #bc1 #bi1 #eg1 #fb1 #gd1 #aad4 #ai1 #di1 #ea4 ,gloss>y4 99,b>r$--,m>k$ ) transv]se l9es4 99,bib--,:ole ?roat1 ) upp] brea/ ( same color1 %>ply def9$4 99,cap--,entire top ( head def9$ by an oval pat* ( di/9ct & contra/+ color4 99,cre/--,a tuft ( fea!rs c>ri$ erect on top or back ( head4 99,cr[n-pat*--,small] & less %>ply def9$ ?an cap4 99,hood--,:ole head & neck all ar\nd ( same color4 99,mask--,=ehead1 toge!r ) broad /ripe ?r\gh eye1 ( same color4 99,mottl$--,colors & m>k+s bl5d$ 9 no di/9ct patt]ns4 99,pat*--,an oddly-%ap$ & conspicu\s m>k1 nev] r\nd4 99,rump--,! extreme l[] portion ( ! back next ! tail 7easily se5 9 flight74 99,spott$--,m>k$ ) ne>ly r\nd spots or "o irregul> spot4 99,/reak$--,m>k$ ) longitud9al l9es or /reaks4 99,v>iegat$--,%[+ a v>iety ( colors & m>k+s4 99,w+-,b>--,a l9e1 usually :ite1 runn+ obliquely across w+4 ,supplem5t>y ,li/4 ,note4--,ow+ to ! impossibility ( det]m9+ :at additional species are mo/ likely to /ray into a city p>k1 ! foll[+ li/ has be5 made to include c]ta9 species kn[n to occur 9 ,cook ,c\nty1 ,ill9ois1 "s ( :i* are ( common occurr5ce 9 ! vic9ity ( ,*icago b h n yet be5 se5 9 ,l9coln ,p>k by ! au?ors3 ,r$-?roat$ ,loon 7,gav9 lumme4 #aa47 ,glauc\s ,gull4 7,l>us glaucus4 #db47 ,frankl9 ,gull4 7,l>us frankl9ii4 #ei47 ,=/] ,t]n4 7,/]na =/]i4 #fi47 ,black ,t]n4 7,hydro*elidon nigra sur9am5sis4 #gg47 ,%ovell]4 7,spatula clypeata4 #adb47 ,am]ican ,scaup ,duck4 7,ay?ya m>ila4 #adh47 ,r+-neck$ ,duck4 7,ay?ya coll>is4 #aej47 ,great ,blue ,h]on4 7,ardea h]odias4 #aid47 ,black-cr[n$ ,night ,h]on4 7,nycticorax nycticorax naevius4 #bjb47 ,k+ ,rail 7,rallus elegans4 #bjh47 ,virg9ia ,rail4 7,rallus virg9ianus4 #bab47 ,wilson ,snipe4 7,gall9ago delicata4 #bcj47 ,pectoral ,s&pip]4 7,actrodramas maculata4 #bci47 ,lea/ ,s&pip]4 7,actrodramas m9utilla4 #bdb47 ,great] ,yell[-legs4 7,totanus melanoleucus4 #bed47 ,yell[-legs4 7,totanus flavipes4 #bee47 ,b>tramian ,s&pip]4 7,b>tramia longicauda4 #bfa47 ,black-belli$ ,plov]4 7,squat>ola squat>ola4 #bgj47 ,am]ican ,gold5 ,plov]4 7,*>adrius dom9icus4 #bgb47 ,%>p-%9n$ ,hawk4 7,accipit] velox4 #ccb47 ,coop] ,hawk4 7,accipit] coop]i4 #ccc47 ,r$-tail$ ,hawk4 7,buteo borealis4 #ccg47 ,r$-%\ld]$ ,hawk4 7,buteo l9eatus4 #cci47 ,broad-w+$ ,hawk4 7,buteo platypt]us4 #cdc47 ,am]ican ,r\gh-legg$ ,hawk4 7,ar*ibuteo lagopus sancti-johannis4 #cdg;a47 ,pigeon ,hawk4 7,falco columb>ius4 #ceg47 ,%ort-e>$ ,owl4 7,asio accipitr9us4 #cfg47 ,b>r$ ,owl4 7,syrnium v>ium4 #cfh47 ,saw-:et ,owl4 7,nyctala acadia4 #cgb47 ,scree* ,owl4 7,megascops asio4 #cgc47 ,acadian ,flycat*]4 7,empidonax viresc5s4 #dfe47 ,traill ,flycat*]4 7,empidonax traillii4 #dff47 ,prairie ,horn$ ,l>k4 7,otocoris alpe/ris praticola4 #dgd;b47 ,ev5+ ,grosbeak4 7,hesp]iphona vesp]t9a4 #ead47 ,r$poll4 7,acan?is l9>ia4 #ebh47 ,sn[flake4 7,pass]9a nivalis4 #ecd47 ,lapl& ,longspur4 7,calc>ius lapponicus4 #ecf47 ,gras%opp] ,sp>r[4 7,coturniculus savann>um pass]9us4 #edf47 ,eave ,swall[4 7,petro*elidon lunifrons4 #fab47 ,bank ,swall[4 7,rip>ia rip>ia4 #faf47 ,nor!rn ,%rike4 7,lanius borealis4 #fba47 ,:ite-rump$ ,%rike4 7,lanius ludovicianus excubitorides4 #fbb;a47 ,philadelphia ,vireo4 7,vireo philadelphicus4 #fbf47 ,:ite-ey$ ,vireo4 7,vireo noveborac5sis4 #fca47 ,blue-w+$ ,w>bl]4 7,helm9?ophila p9us4 #fda47 ,orange-cr[n$ ,w>bl]4 7,helm9?ophila celata4 #fdf47 ,wat]-,?ru%4 7,seiurus noveborac5sis4 #fge47 ,am]ican ,pipit4 7,an?us p5silvanicus4 #fig47 ,%ort-bill$ ,m>% ,wr54 7,ci/o?orus /ell>is4 #gbd47 ,tuft$ ,titm\se4 7,baeolophus bicolor4 #gca47 ,index ( ,common ,names4 ,page ,bitt]n1 ,am]ican1 #ej ,lea/1 #ej ,blackbird1 ,r$-w+$1 #af ,ru/y1 #ae ,yell[-head$1 #ca ,bluebird1 #ab ,bobol9k1 #bg ,buffle-head1 #di ,bunt+1 ,indigo1 #bh ,c>d9al1 #af ,catbird1 #bj ,*at1 ,yell[-brea/$1 #bf ,*ickadee1 #ad ,coot1 ,am]ican1 #ea ,c[bird1 #ac ,creep]1 ,black & ,:ite1 #ba ,br[n1 #ad ,cr[1 #ab ,cuckoo1 ,black-bill$1 #cj ,yell[-bill$1 #bi ,dickcissel1 #ca ,dove1 ,m\rn+1 #ag ,duck1 ,less] ,scaup1 #di ,wood1 #dh ,f9*1 ,purple1 #ah ,flick]1 #ad ,flycat*]1 ,great-cre/$1 #bb ,lea/1 #bb ,yell[-belli$1 #bd ,gnatcat*]1 ,blue-gray1 #ai ,gold5-eye1 ,am]ican1 #di ,goldf9*1 ,am]ican1 #bc ,goose1 ,canada1 #ej ,grackle1 ,bronz$1 #ab ,grebe1 ,horn$1 #dd ,pi$-bill$1 #dd ,grosbeak1 ,rose-brea/$1 #be ,gull1 ,am]ican ,h]r+1 #de ,bonap>te1 #de ,r+-bill$1 #de ,hawk1 ,am]ican ,sp>r[1 #ah ,m>%1 #ag ,h]on1 ,gre51 #ej ,humm+bird1 ,ruby-?roat$1 #cj ,jay1 ,blue1 #aa ,junco1 #ab ,killde]1 #eb ,k+bird1 #bc ,k+fi%]1 ,belt$1 #ae ,k+let1 ,gold5-cr[n$1 #ad ,ruby-cr[n$1 #af ,loon1 #dd ,mall>d1 #dg ,m>t91 ,purple1 #be ,mead[l>k1 #ab ,m]gans]1 ,am]ican1 #df ,hood$1 #df ,r$-brea/$1 #df ,mock+bird1 #ba ,nigh?awk1 #cj ,nu?at*1 ,r$-brea/$1 #bj ,:ite-brea/$1 #ae ,old-squaw1 #di ,oriole1 ,baltimore1 #bc ,or*>d1 #bg ,ov5bird1 #bd ,pewee1 ,wood1 #bg ,phoebe1 #ac ,p9tail1 #dh ,r$head1 #dh ,r$/>t1 ,am]ican1 #bd ,rob91 #aa ,s&pip]1 ,semi-palmat$1 #ea ,solit>y1 #eb ,spott$1 #eb ,sapsuck]1 ,yell[-belli$1 #ae ,%rike1 ,logg]head1 #aa ,sora1 #ea ,sp>r[1 ,*ipp+1 #ag ,field1 #ae ,fox1 #ac ,h5sl[1 #bj ,l9coln1 #cj ,savanna1 #ab ,song1 #ac ,swamp1 #ah ,tree1 #ac ,vesp]1 #ag ,:ite-cr[n$1 #ai ,:ite-?roat$1 #af ,swall[1 ,b>n1 #ah ,tree1 #af ,swift1 ,*imney1 #ba ,tanag]1 ,sc>let1 #be ,summ]1 #bc ,teal1 ,blue-w+$1 #dg ,gre5-w+$1 #dg ,t]n1 ,common1 #de ,?ra%]1 ,br[n1 #ai ,?ru%1 ,gray-*eek$1 #ca ,h]mit1 #ae ,olive-back$1 #ba ,wilson1 #ah ,wood1 #bb ,t[hee1 #ac ,vireo1 ,blue-head$1 #bf ,r$-ey$1 #bd ,w>bl+1 #bf ,yell[-?roat$1 #be ,w>bl]1 ,bay-brea/$1 #bg ,blackburnian1 #bd ,black-poll1 #bi ,black-?roat$ ,blue1 #bf ,black-?roat$ ,gre51 #ba ,blue ,gold5-w+$1 #bh ,canadian1 #cj ,cape ,may1 #be ,c]ulean1 #bi ,*e/nut-sid$1 #bh ,connecticut1 #ca ,hood$1 #bi ,magnolia1 #bc ,m\rn+1 #bh ,myrtle1 #ag ,na%ville1 #bf ,palm1 #ai ,p>ula1 #bg ,p9e1 #bj ,pro?onot>y1 #bh ,t5nessee1 #bh ,wilson ,black-cap1 #cj ,yell[1 #bc ,wat]-,?ru%1 ,gr9nell1 #bj ,l\isiana1 #bb ,waxw+1 ,c$>1 #ah ,:ip-poor-w1 #bi ,woodcock1 ,am]ican1 #ea ,woodpeck]1 ,d[ny1 #ad ,hairy1 #af ,r$-belli$1 #ca ,r$-head$1 #ba ,wr51 ,h\se1 #ai ,long-bill$ ,m>%1 #bg ,w9t]1 #ag ,yell[-?roat1 ,we/]n1 #bb ,color$ plates1 #g-a_/b x #i-a_/b in*es 9 size1 ( all ! birds m5tion$ 9 ?is little book1 except numb]s #ej1 #ec1 #fa1 #fc1 #aje1 #ajf1 #aac1 #aae1 #abb1 #adb & #adc1 w be s5t by ! publi%]s at #b c5ts ea*1 or a portfolio ( #acd pictures = #b4jj4 ,bo? book & pictures1 if ord]$ toge!r1 #b4be4 ,a4 ,w4 ,mum=d ,company1 ,publi%]s #cgh ,waba% ,av5ue ,*icago1 ,ill4 ,transcrib]'s notes to ! ,electronic ,edition --,spell+1 capitalization1 & punctuation ( bird names 0 made consi/5t 7e4g41 ,r$head vs4 ,r$-head vs4 ,r$head$74 ,all spell+ *anges 7 ju/ifi$ by usage else:]e 9 ! text4 ,unambigu\s abbreviat$ names 7,am]ican ,sp>r[ ,hawk vs4 ,sp>r[ ,hawk7 7 n *ang$4 --,note t ! ,yell[ ,w>bl] is also once call$ ,summ] ,w>bl]4 --,! ,canvas-back ,duck 01 app>5tly un9t5tionally1 omitt$ f ! bird li/1 b is ref]5c$ sev]al times 9 ! text4 --,two tables1 ! ,id5tification ,key & ,tables ( ,arrival1 7 re=matt$ = v]tical scroll+4 --,9 ! ,,ascii text file1 an 99 7a/]isk7 indicates t ! foll[+ bird "n or numb] 0 pr9t$ 9 99bold font4