,,some ,,essentials  of  ,,religion     
,,vol4 ,i  ,,layman',s ,,library ,,of   
,,practical ,,religion    ,editorial    
,council3    ,,the ,,rt4 ,,rev4 ,j4 ,c4 
,,roper1 ,,ll4,d41 ,d4,d4   ,bishop of  
,ottawa1 7,chairman7    ,,the ,,rt4     
,,rev4 ,e4 ,j4 ,,bidwell1 ,d4,d41       
,d4,c4,l4   ,bishop of ,ontario    ,,the
 ,,rt4 ,,rev4 ,j4 ,a4 ,,richardson1     
,d4,d41 ,d4,c4,l4   ,bishop of          
,fredericton    ,,the ,,rt4 ,,rev4 ,a4  
,j4 ,,doull1 ,d4,d4   ,bishop of        
,kootenay    ,,toronto  ,,the ,,musson  
,,book ,,company ,,limited              
,copyright1 ,canada1 #aibb  ,by ,,the   
,,editorial ,,council     ,,foreword    
,these chapters have not been written   
for hurried reading2 they are studies of
 ,central and ,vital ,truths1 for those 
who wish to think them out again under  
the guidance of the ,church4  ,,john    
,,charles1 ,,ottawa4     ,note3--,in    
placing these books before ,church      
people through the churches no financial
 gain is contemplated for anyone        

concerned4  ,those who are initiating   
the ,library1 and all the writers1 are  
content if the ,church they serve is    
benefited thereby4     ,,contents       
,i4  ,god1 our ,father4  ,by the ,rt4   
,rev4 ,j4 ,c4 ,roper1 ,,ll4,d41 ,d4,d41 
,bishop of ,ottawa    ,,ii4             
,fundamental ,thoughts about ,jesus     
,christ4  ,by the ,rt4 ,rev4        ,e4 
,j4 ,bidwell1 ,d4,d41 ,d4,c4,l41 ,bishop
 of ,ontario   ,,iii4  ,the ,bible4  ,by
 the ,ven4 ,archdeacon ,paterson-,smyth1
 ,d4,d41        ,d4,litt41 ,montreal    
,,iv4  ,what ,is ,faith4  ,by ,rev4 ,h4 
,m4 ,little1 ,l4,s4,t41 ,montreal       
,v4  ,prayer4  ,by the ,very ,rev4 ,d4  
,t4 ,owen1 ,dean of ,niagara    ,,vi4   
,holy ,communion4  ,by the ,rt4 ,rev4   
,a4 ,j4 ,doull1 ,d4,d41        ,bishop  
of ,kootenay   ,,vii4  ,immortality4    
,by ,rev4 ,canon ,cody1 ,d4,d41         
,,ll4,d41 ,toronto     ,,god ,,our      
,,father  ,by ,the ,rt4 ,rev4 ,j4 ,c4   
,roper1 ,,ll4,d41 ,d4,d4  ,bishop of    
,ottawa4   ,,vital ,,importance ,,of    

,,the ,,topic  ,the first word of the   
,layman's ,library may properly be a    
message from ,laymen4  ,these are the   
terms of it4  ,the hope of a brotherhood
 of a humanity reposes on the deeper    
spiritual truth of the ,fatherhood of   
,god4  ,in the recognition of the fact  
of that ,fatherhood and of the divine   
purpose of the world1 which are central 
to the message of ,christianity1 we     
shall discover the ultimate foundation  
for the reconstruction of an ordered and
 harmonious life for all men4  ,these   
words have a theological ring about     
them4  ,they are however the words not  
of theologians1 but of representative   
and responsible statesmen in conference 
on urgent questions of public welfare4  
,the message was issued by the premiers 
of ,great ,britain and of all ,british  
,dominions to all citizens of the       
,british ,empire4  ,it forms a          
remarkable confession of faith in the   
spiritual basis of human life4  ,the    
peace of the world depends on goodwill  

among men1 and goodwill among men rests 
on spiritual forces1 and of these forces
 the source of all and the greatest of  
all is the fact of ,god our ,father and 
of ,his gracious purpose for the world4 
,,where ,,can ,,we ,,learn ,,of ,,god8  
,all who wish to know ,god truly must   
put themselves to school under ,christ  
the ,master4  ,a wonderful school it is4
  ,little children are at home in it and
 the greatest minds among men find in it
 always something new to learn4  ,the   
wonder of the school and the power of it
 lie not only in the personality of the 
,teacher but in the fact also that ,he  
,himself is what ,he teaches4  ,what    
,jesus ,christ was ,god is4  ,the       
revelation of ,god we possess in ,christ
 is a revelation that is personal and   
complete4  ,this is life eternal to know
 ,thee the only true ,god and ,jesus    
,christ ,whom ,thou hast sent4  ,this   
does not mean that the knowledge of     
,god--or even of ,god as ,father--is the
 exclusive possession of ,christians4   

,a long line of ,hebrew prophets1 called
 and inspired by the spirit of ,god1    
revealed ,god's ,name and will and      
attributes in different ways and in     
different portions to generation after  
generation of ,his chosen people4  ,it  
was the special privilege of ,israel to 
receive the oracles of ,god4  ,christ   
,jesus1 ,whose coming the prophets      
foretold1 took over the revelation of   
,god that each had given1 corrected it  
where it had been misapprehended1       
endorsed it1 set it in order1 and       
completed it4  ,in the fulness of the   
knowledge of ,god that had been given   
them ,israel stood unique among the     
nations4  ,nevertheless other races had 
some knowledge of ,him also4  ,god has  
not anywhere or at any time left        
,himself without witnesses4  ,in our    
classical studies we heard of ,jupiter  
or ,zeus ,father of men and of gods4    
,greeks of old in their philosophic     
search for unity1 ,hindoos in their     
longing for absorption into the divine1 

,chinese in the moral precepts of       
,confucius1 ,mohammedans in the constant
 call to prayer which they obey1 all    
bring before us religions that are      
sincere in their adhesion to one or     
other of the great truths about ,god    
which they have discovered4  ,i stood   
one night on the deck of a ship on the  
ocean4  ,the moon was at the full and   
was shining in a cloudless sky4  ,the   
light penetrated everywhere4  ,no part  
of the wide expanse of water was beyond 
its reach1 and yet straight before me   
was a broad pathway of light reaching as
 far as ,i could see4  ,so bright was   
this pathway1 that compared with it on  
this side and on that all else seemed to
 be in darkness4  ,some rays of the     
knowledge of ,god are recognized in all 
the great world religions4  ,along the  
line of the prophets of ,israel the     
light of ,god's self-revelation shone   
with special brightness1 sometimes      
waxing it is true and sometimes waning1 
until the day dawned and ,christ the    

,sun of righteousness arose4  ,this is  
what ,st4 ,paul means when he tells the 
,christians at ,corinth that ,god ,who  
commanded the light to shine out of     
darkness has shined in their hearts to  
give the light of the knowledge of the  
glory of ,god in the face of ,jesus     
,christ4   ,,what ,,do ,,we ,,know ,,of 
,,god8  ,but what is the knowledge of   
,god that has been revealed8  ,we find  
it in the ,old ,testament gradually     
unfolded1 in the ,new ,testament        
perfected4 ,what truths does it contain8
  ,we must approach this question with  
humility and reverence4  ,he of ,whom we
 are thinking is the ,living ,god4 ,we  
are in ,his presence while we think and 
speak of ,him4  ,the whole splendour of 
,god's ,being is beyond us4  ,he is the 
,creator and ,lord of all4              
,nevertheless1 if we are guided by the  
,revelation ,he has given us in ,holy   
,scripture1 we can wholly trust our     
thoughts of ,him as far as they carry   
us1 just because they are not our own   

but have been given us by ,him4   ,,god 
,,is ,,personal  ,the ,lord ,god is the 
true ,god1 the ,living ,god and an      
,everlasting ,king4 ,he is also our     
,father4  ,god then is ,personal4  ,he  
is ,one on ,whom we can lean1 to ,whom  
we can pray1 whose works we can study in
 the ,universe ,he has made and in the  
history of men and of nations which ,he 
controls4 ,this is the first truth of   
,god our ,father that comes home to us  
when we learn the ,lord's ,prayer4  ,it 
is also the last and most profound that 
we shall rejoice in when we meet ,him   
face to face1 and know ,him as we are   
known4  ,it is a truth of vital and     
practical importance1 affecting our     
whole outlook on life4  ,because ,god is
 ,personal with mind and heart and will 
we believe that this great world has a  
plan on which it is being fashioned and 
a purpose towards which it is tending4  
,within this plan and purpose we too    
have a place1 and no mean place4  ,we   
too are persons with minds and hearts   

and wills4  ,we are not then mere straws
 on the stream of destiny1 or victims of
 blind fate4  ,we are children of our   
,father ,who is working in and through  
all mightily in wisdom and in love4     
,this is not a theory only2 it is true  
to the experience of religious men4  ,in
 it is found the secret of confidence1  
strength and joy4  ,it is the infinite  
and varied record of this experience    
which the ,psalms contain that gives to 
them their special value for our use    
today4   ,thy hands have made me and    
fashioned me1 ,o give me understanding  
that ,i may live4  ,be ,thou my         
stronghold whereunto ,i may always      
resort1 for ,thou art my house of       
defence and my castle4  ,the ,lord is my
 shepherd therefore can ,i lack nothing4
  ,the ,lord is my light and my         
salvation4 ,the ,lord is the strength of
 my life4  ,who so dwelleth under the   
defence of the most high shall abide    
under the shadow of the ,almighty4   ,in
 a faith like this we can face our duty 

manfully4  ,in life's responsibilities  
and perplexities we can trust our       
,father4   ,,it ,,is ,a ,,truth ,,of    
,,permanent ,,value4  ,personality in   
,god and in man are closely related one 
to another4  ,that men are persons and  
must be so regarded is a matter of      
intense practical concern to us all and 
to the social life of this and every    
age4  ,we cannot ignore personality in  
man4  ,to do so is to awaken resentment1
 unrest and strife4  ,the statesmen     
already quoted are clearly right4       
,peace and progress in the world depend 
on the recognition of this truth growing
 more and more adequate until we realize
 fully the brotherhood of men which is  
implied in ,god's ,fatherhood4  ,we     
cannot ignore ,personality in ,god1 or  
pass it by as a truth that belongs to   
childhood only4  ,it is a vigorous      
intelligent faith which commands the    
allegiance of men4  ,ultimately the     
dignity of our own manhood will be found
 to depend upon it4  ,to lose sight of  

it is to lose our way in religious life 
and thinking4  ,to hold it fast is not  
an attempt to make ,god in our image1   
but to acknowledge that we are made in  
,his4   ,,god ,,is ,,holy  ,in the ,old 
,testament ,god is the ,holy ,one in    
,israel4  ,in the ,new ,testament also  
we remember ,christ's own words in      
prayer1 ,holy ,father keep through      
,thine own name those whom ,thou hast   
given me1 that they may be one as we are
 one4  ,god's ,holiness is closely      
connected with ,his glory2 we must      
associate with it all passages in ,holy 
,scripture which attribute to ,him      
majesty and radiance1 beauty and light4 
,the religious value of this truth is   
very great4  ,in the vision of the      
,holiness of ,god men have found their  
chief impulse to worship ,him1 and have 
felt the claim on their own lives       
exercised by the moral splendour of     
,god's own character4  ,the righteous   
,lord loveth righteousness4  ,further1  
in proportion as they have realised     

,god's holiness and moral claim1 men    
have felt the need in ,his presence of  
acknowledging their own infirmity and   
sin4  ,this was the experience of       
,isaiah and of ,st4 ,john4  ,it has been
 the experience of an innumerable       
company since4  ,we all have our share  
in it in the services of the ,church4   
,it finds expression in one of the      
greatest of our hymns1    ,holy1 ,holy1 
,holy1 though the darkness hide ,thee1  
,though the eye of sinful man ,thy glory
 may not see1   ,only ,thou art ,holy1  
there is none beside ,thee1   ,perfect  
in power1 in ,love and ,purity4   ,this 
is undoubtedly the first great          
impression that the ,holiness of ,god   
should make upon us4  ,there is1        
however1 another truth within it which  
must not be forgotten4  ,there are in   
both the ,bible languages ,hebrew and   
,greek two words which in ,english are  
represented by the one word holy4  ,one 
of them stands for moral righteousness1 
the other has the meaning of set apart  

or consecrated4  ,this latter word when 
used of ,god means that ,god is set     
apart from the world ,he has made4  ,not
 in the sense that ,he is separated from
 it1 for ,he is very near2 but in the   
sense that ,he is not himself a part of 
it or identified with it or confused    
with it4  ,this truth was needed in ,old
 ,testament times to save ,god's chosen 
people from falling back into dark      
immoral forms of nature worship which   
possessed the kindred people from whom  
they had been called out4 ,it is needed 
no less to-day to save us from falling  
back into non-,christian ways of        
thinking4  ,god is distinct from ,his   
world2 ,he is never separated from it4  
,is this difficult8  ,an illustration   
may help if it is not pressed too far4  
,an eagle is perched on the topmost     
bough of a tall dead tree4  ,a motor    
boat hurries by at some distance across 
the water4  ,the great bird takes       
flight4  ,it is in the air4  ,it        
breathes the air and is upheld by it4   

,the air is in the bird1 in every quill1
 ,i believe1 of every feather4  ,yet the
 bird is not the air1 and the air is not
 the bird4  ,they are distinct2         
separated they cannot be4 ,without the  
air the bird could not exist4  ,in ,god 
we live and move and have our being4    
,we cannot for a moment imagine ,him    
away4  ,without ,him we could not exist4
  ,yet man is not ,god4  ,we are close  
akin1 ,he is very near4  ,but ,god is   
not man1 nor man a part of ,god4  ,we   
hear sometimes that ,god is all and all 
is ,god4  ,christian truth cannot be    
expressed in this way4  ,our faith in   
the ,holiness of ,god declares that ,he 
is within the world but distinct from   
it1 above it1 around it1 controlling it1
 making it the servant of ,his will1    
that ,he is the source of all1 the      
upholder of all1 the ,master of all4    
,,god ,,is ,,almighty  ,god our ,father1
 ,maker of ,heaven and ,earth1 is       
,almighty4  ,the ,lord ,god ,omnipotent 
reigneth4  ,here also are two words and 

two thoughts1 not one alone4  ,god is   
,almighty in the sense that ,his power  
is supreme and irresistible4  ,this is  
wholly true but it is not the thought   
that stands in the forefront either in  
,holy ,scripture or in the creed4  ,it  
is there in the background1 where sheer 
force must be and ought to be4  ,the    
prominent thought1 however1 when we     
profess our faith in ,god the ,father   
,almighty is the thought of ,his wise1  
holy sovereignty4  ,he is the ,ruler of 
all1 the ,master of all1 of ,himself and
 of all persons and things4  ,not by    
might but by persuasion ,he is content  
to exercise ,his ,dominion over men4    
,so ,god governs the world and in ,his  
government we find the model for the    
true government of men4  ,force has its 
use only where freedom has failed4  ,it 
is not ,god's power but ,his patience   
that excites our wonder and at times our
 perplexity4  ,we are puzzled because   
,he does not intervene more directly    
with ,his outstretched arm1 but waits on

 man's agency and allows such latitude  
to man's self-will and blindness and    
cruelty4  ,it is the price of our       
freedom4  ,this we know and more we do  
not know as yet4  ,but we can trust our 
,father for what ,jesus ,christ was ,god
 is4  ,we know therefore in the story of
 the ,cross and of the ,resurrection    
that while sorrow and suffering and     
disaster are not removed from human     
life1 ,god does not stand apart from    
them and unconcerned4  ,all who pass    
along the way of sorrows and into the   
valley of death may find in ,christ1    
that is in ,god ,himself1 the sympathy  
of ,one ,who has passed that way before1
 and the strength of ,one who has       
conquered death and all its powers4     
,,god ,,is ,,everywhere ,,present ,,and 
,,knows ,,all ,,things4  ,the attributes
 of ,god pass inevitably and naturally  
one into another4 ,it cannot be         
otherwise because they are all ways in  
which the ,living ,eternal ,being       
reveals ,himself4  ,in thinking of ,his 

,holiness and of ,his power we are led  
to think of ,his presence and in        
thinking of ,his presence we are led to 
think of ,his knowledge4  ,the eyes of  
the ,lord are in every place beholding  
the evil and the good4  ,it will not be 
possible to speak here in any fulness of
 the knowledge of ,god4  ,two facts1    
however1 should always be kept in mind4 
,nothing can be hid from ,him ,whose    
eyes are in every place4  ,nothing is   
obscure to ,him ,who is everywhere4     
,yet it is not ,god's knowledge of them 
that causes men to be what they are or  
to act as they do4  ,there is a big     
problem here4  ,in theory it is too big 
for solution1 but in practice the       
problem is not so great4  ,god's        
knowledge does not compel us more than  
does ,his will4  ,within the limits that
 we are well aware of1 that come to us  
from inheritance and from environment1  
we are free and because we are free we  
are responsible4  ,a second             
consideration is this4  ,the ,holy ,one 

,who is ever present1 ,who makes ,his   
moral claim upon us and expects the best
 of us1 is no other than our ,father4   
,he knows us through and through4  ,yet 
as a ,father he has compassion on ,his  
children4  ,he knoweth whereof we are   
made2 ,he remembereth that we are but   
dust4  ,the presence of ,god may best be
 studied in close connection with ,his  
,personality4  ,it is as a person that  
,he is present4  ,the #acith ,psalm will
 help us best to realize how universal  
,his ,presence is4  ,we can then follow 
out the teaching given there and        
elsewhere in ,holy ,scripture1 in the   
witness of the ,church1 and in the      
experience of men4  ,he ,who is         
everywhere present1 just because ,he is 
our ,father1 can be present with us by  
,his own appointment in special ways and
 places and for special purposes4  ,he  
is present in nature in its vastness and
 in its minuteness1 and in both we can  
read ,his thoughts after ,him4  ,he is  
present in the affairs of men and of    

nations in all ages4  ,he speaks to men 
in the voice of conscience and we hear  
,him in its strange authority to command
 and to forbid4  ,in ,christ ,he is     
present revealing ,himself in human     
experiences and in human deeds and words
 and service4  ,where two or three are  
gathered together in ,christ's name ,he 
is in their midst4  ,in the ,sacraments 
,he is present to give ,his sacred      
gifts4   ,,god ,,is ,,our ,,father4  ,we
 have considered now some of the great  
truths of ,god which have been revealed 
to us1 but the ,fatherhood of ,god in   
itself1 what is it that we know of this8
  ,in the teaching of ,christ our       
,master1--the ,fatherhood of ,god is the
 central truth of all4  ,it gathers into
 itself all other attributes and gives  
to all a special quality4  ,it is our   
special ,christian heritage4 ,the heart 
that believes ,god to be ,our ,father   
has room for the conviction that ,god is
 ,love4  ,we shall perhaps gain fullest 
insight into the greatness of this truth

 if we concentrate our thoughts on      
certain facts which stand out with      
special clearness in ,holy ,scripture4  
,first of all it is ,his presentation of
 the ,fatherhood of ,god which gives to 
our ,saviour's teaching its wonderful   
tenderness and power4 ,not power alone1 
nor tenderness alone1 but both4  ,he    
tells us that our ,heavenly ,father     
knows our every need2 that ,he ,who     
feeds the birds of the air and clothes  
the lilies of the field will not be     
unmindful of the children of men2 that  
our ,father's heart is full of that     
eager1 forgiving1 redeeming love which  
wins our heart in the parable of the    
,prodigal ,son4  ,on the other hand1 ,he
 would have us ever mindful that our    
,father1 when we approach in faith and  
penitence1 is ,one ,whose ,name is to be
 hallowed1 ,who is the ,lord of heaven  
and earth to ,whom all things are       
possible1 ,who governs all things and   
knows all things1 even the inmost       
thoughts of men4  ,again1 the           

,fatherhood of ,god is unchanging and   
universal4  ,it must be so for ,he is   
the ,eternal ,father1 and ,he maketh    
,his sun to rise on the evil and on the 
good1 and sendeth rain on the just and  
the unjust4 ,nevertheless1 man's power  
to respond to ,god's ,fatherhood is not 
everywhere the same4  ,we shall         
understand this best if we study the    
,bible teaching on sonship and          
brotherhood in the light of the         
revelation which ,god has given of ,his 
,fatherhood4  ,there are in the ,bible  
different kinds of sonship1 or sonships 
on different levels4  ,the fact that we 
are created and created in the image of 
our ,maker constitutes sonship4  ,he is 
our ,father ,who gives us life4  ,have  
we not all one ,father1 hath not ,god   
created us8  ,there is1 therefore1 a    
sonship which is natural and universal1 
but it is not in itself complete4  ,its 
value consists in the fact that it is   
the ground of a higher relationship4    
,it is the capacity for sonship1 which1 

however hidden or dormant1 we believe to
 be in every man4  ,nevertheless so long
 as men are ignorant of ,god and        
indifferent to ,him1 they are not in any
 full sense ,his sons4  ,we find1       
therefore1 in the ,bible another kind of
 sonship4  ,god is our ,father because  
,he gives us more abundant life1 a life 
of redemption from ignorance and sin4   
,this is illustrated in the ,old        
,testament by the choice of ,israel and 
the great covenant promises involved in 
it1 ,i will be their ,god and they shall
 be ,my people1 ,i will be his ,father  
and he shall be ,my son4  ,in the ,new  
,testament we find the same principle in
 the choice by ,christ of ,his ,apostles
 and disciples for special privilege of 
knowledge and grace4  ,this choice is   
perpetuated by ,christ in ,his ,church4 
,our ,christian sonship is a special    
sonship4  ,it is ours by ,baptism       
wherein we are made members of ,christ1 
children of ,god1 and heirs of the      
kingdom of ,heaven4  ,two practical     

considerations follow4  ,first1 if there
 are different levels of sonship there  
are different degrees of brotherhood4   
,the message of the premiers is right4  
,the hope of a brotherhood of humanity  
does repose on the deeper spiritual     
truth of the ,fatherhood of ,god4  ,this
 brotherhood1 however1 is not a         
relationship which comes to us simply by
 nature2 it is a relationship which in  
social1 individual1 national and        
international life must be morally won4 
,again1 those who have ,christian       
knowledge and grace have not received   
this privilege for themselves alone4    
,they are ,god's sons who have special  
gifts in trust on behalf of all mankind 
who have them not4  ,the call to        
,missionary work is based on this       
responsibility1 and will remain so until
 the earth is filled with the knowledge 
of ,god as the waters cover the sea4    
,finally1 there is the unique sonship of
 ,christ ,himself4  ,his sonship is     
perfect and complete4  ,it is also the  

channel through which our sonship1      
whether of creation or redemption1 comes
 to us4  ,all things are delivered unto 
,me of ,my ,father1 and no man knoweth  
the son but the ,father1 neither knoweth
 any man the ,father1 save the son and  
he to whomsoever the ,son will reveal   
,him4  ,it is this ,eternal sonship     
which constitutes the special           
significance to our confession of faith 
in ,god the ,father in the ,apostles'   
,creed4  ,christ is ,one ,who comes to  
us from the ,eternal life of ,god4      
,that life which though inseparable from
 man and from the world is yet forever  
holy and distinct4  ,the ,christian     
doctrine of the ,holy ,trinity helps us 
here4  ,it arose out of simple loyalty  
to ,new ,testament teaching4  ,from the 
first it has been a living practical    
faith4  ,christians learnt to recite    
their belief in ,god the ,father1 ,god  
the ,son and ,god the ,holy ,ghost2 they
 were baptised in the threefold ,name   
and sang the ,doxology before they      

thought out the doctrine of the ,trinity
 in ,unity and before they were called  
upon to defend it4  ,we find in this    
great truth the most profound           
realization of ,personality in ,god4    
,we see in it a vision of eternal       
fellowship in life and in love1 towards 
which we strive on earth4  ,in the light
 of it we begin to understand that man1 
not only as an individual1 but also as a
 social being1 is made in the image of  
,god4     ,,ii4  ,,fundamental          
,,thoughts ,,about ,,christ  ,by ,the   
,rt4 ,rev4 ,e4 ,j4 ,bidwell1 ,d4,d41    
,d4,c4,l41 ,bishop of ,ontario4         
,,twelve ,,fundamental ,,thoughts       
,,about ,,christ ,,briefly ,,summarized4
      7,i7 ,christ's ,religion is a     
,revealed ,religion4     7,,ii7 ,jesus  
,christ the ,son of ,god eternally      
existing in the ,godhead         became 
,man for our salvation4  ,this is called
 the ,incarnation4    7,,iii7 ,he was   
born of a ,virgin4     7,,iv7 ,the      
,gospels ascribe to ,christ not         

,divinity only1 but ,deity4      7,v7   
,he is also true ,man1 and ,sinless4    
7,,vi7 ,when ,he spoke ,god spoke4      
7,,vii7 ,he is the ,saviour of the      
world4   7,,viii7 ,he rose from the     
dead4     7,,ix7 ,he founded a ,church4 
7,x7 ,he is the ,mediator between man   
and ,god4     7,,xi7 ,he is with ,his   
,church and her members to the end of   
the world4    7,,xii7 ,he is the ,light 
of the world and the ,lord of ,life4    
,,christianity ,a ,,revealed ,,religion 
,christianity1 of which ,jesus ,christ  
is the ,founder and ,divine ,head1 is   
essentially a revealed religion4  ,it is
 not1 that is to say1 the result and    
culmination of the progress of evolution
 in man's beliefs about ,god4  ,nor was 
it the outcome of an impact made upon   
,judaism by ,hellenistic thought4  ,it  
is1 and has always from the first       
claimed to be1 a direct revelation by   
,god of ,himself to man through ,jesus  
,christ4  ,to say this does not mean    
however that the world was not in any   

way prepared for the coming of ,christ4 
,on the contrary1 the traces of that    
preparation are clear throughout the    
,old ,testament1 from beginning to end4 
,if the ,old ,testament is read in the  
light of a progressive revelation of    
,god's ,nature and ,being1 and ,his     
relations with mankind1 its difficulties
 disappear1 and it is seen to point     
clearly to the full revelation of ,god  
in ,jesus ,christ4  ,but the method is  
that of ,god pointing out the way to    
man1 not of man's discovery of it for   
himself4 ,when almost the whole of the  
then known world had been brought under 
the sway of the great ,roman ,empire1   
the time was ripe for a ,world          
,religion4  ,so when the fulness of time
 was come1 ,god sent forth ,his ,son to 
bring the message of salvation to the   
whole of mankind4   ,,the               
,,pre-,,existence ,,and ,,incarnation   
,,of ,,christ4  ,the ,christian ,creeds 
make it clear that the coming of ,christ
 was the fulfilment of ,god's plan when 

they state1 as does the ,nicene ,creed1 
that our belief is in ,one ,lord ,jesus 
,christ1 the only-begotten ,son of ,god1
 ,begotten of ,his ,father before all   
worlds1 444 ,who for us men and for our 
salvation came down from heaven1 ,and   
was incarnate by the ,holy ,ghost of the
 ,virgin ,mary1 ,and was made man4  ,the
 ,church plainly teaches the belief in  
the pre-existence of the divine person  
from the beginning1 as alone meeting all
 the facts1 and has steadily rejected   
every other belief1 in spite of all     
difficulties4  ,that ,jesus was man was 
perfectly clear3 ,his ,godhead was much 
more open to attack4  ,so the belief    
that in ,jesus ,christ ,god became man  
is put in the very forefront of our     
confession of faith4   ,,the ,,virgin   
,,birth4  ,the belief that ,jesus       
,christ was born of a pure ,virgin is   
entirely in keeping with the belief in  
,his pre-existence as ,god4  ,there is  
no space to set forth here the weighty  
reasons for the importance of this      

belief4  ,it is sufficient to say that  
it is inseparably interwoven with the   
whole ,christian conception of ,his     
,incarnation1 namely1 that in ,jesus    
,christ we have perfect ,god and perfect
 ,man4  ,the ,virgin-,birth keeps the   
balance even between ,his ,deity and    
,his humanity4  ,this article of the    
,creed1 which is based on the direct    
statement of two of the four ,gospels1  
is therefore most helpful in enabling us
 to understand that in ,jesus ,christ we
 behold ,divine and human nature joined 
in perfect unison1 ,he being ,god of the
 substance 7essential nature7 of the    
,father1 begotten before the worlds1 and
 ,man of the substance 7essential       
nature7 of ,his ,mother1 born in the    
world4   ,,gospel ,,proofs ,,of ,,the   
,,godhead ,,of ,,christ4  ,the ,credal  
statement that ,our ,lord ,jesus        
,christ1 the ,son of ,god1 is both ,god 
and ,man2 yet ,he is not two but ,one   
,christ is not an arbitrary dogma1 but  
is based upon the facts as set forth in 

the ,gospels4  ,there are our ,lord's   
own direct statements as reported in    
,st4 ,john's ,gospel2 7,i and ,my       
,father are ,one4  ,st ,john ,x4 #cj4   
,he that hath seen ,me hath seen the    
,father ,st4 ,john ,,xiv4 #i47  ,there  
is also ,his reply to the question of   
the ,high ,priest at ,his trial1        
reported by ,st4 ,matthew 7,,xxvi4 #fc1 
#fd471 ,st4 ,mark 7,,xiv4 #fa1 #fb471   
,st4 ,luke 7,,xxii4 #gj471 in which our 
,lord distinctly claimed ,divine        
,sonship1 and that in the sense stated  
in the ,creeds1 as is shown by the fact 
that ,he was at once adjudged to be     
guilty of death for blasphemy1 which    
would not have been the case had not    
,his claim amounted in the mind of ,his 
judges to that of equality with ,god4   
,passing for the moment ,peter's        
confession of faith at ,caesarea        
,philippi 7,st4 ,matt4 ,,xvi4 #af7 there
 are certain inevitable inferences      
establishing the belief that in ,christ 
,god became ,man which are drawn from   

,his life and teaching while on earth4  
,some of the most salient of these      
are2--  #a4  ,he invariably speaks to   
men about ,god not as one whose thoughts
 are the outcome of even the deepest and
 most perfect spiritual insight a man   
could possess1 but as one who had       
absolute knowledge4  ,we feel           
instinctively that it is ,god who is    
speaking to us about ,god4  #b4  ,next1 
he makes a claim upon men that no man1  
however perfect1 ought to1 or would     
dare1 to make2 a claim which men would  
strongly resent another man making on   
them4  ,for ,he claims men body1 soul1  
and spirit1 and not only for time1 but  
for eternity1 and tells them that the   
acceptance or rejection of that claim   
will make all the difference to their   
eternal destiny 7e4g4 ,st4 ,matt4 ,x4   
#cb74  ,and ,he could only make this    
claim as ,one who speaks as ,god4  #c4  
,his teaching is delivered with an      
absolute authority that no man could    
possibly arrogate to himself4  ,what he 

says is final2 ,i say unto you4  ,nor   
does he offer salvation through         
acceptance of a system or philosophy of 
life1 but through ,himself2 ,come unto  
me2 ,follow me2 ,i am the way1 the      
truth1 and the life2 no man cometh unto 
the ,father1 but by me2 and many similar
 statements abundantly illustrate this  
fact4   ,,christ',s ,,manhood4  ,,his   
,,sinlessness4  ,we need no proof of the
 ,manhood of ,christ1 as we can read    
about it for ourselves in the ,gospels4 
,we can see from the records therein    
contained that ,christ was man like as  
we are4  ,but there was one most        
important difference between us and     
,him4  ,he is the only man who was ever 
free from the taint of sin4  ,he alone  
could fearlessly ask the                
question3--,which of you convicteth me  
of sin8  ,but the fact that ,he was     
sinless does not imply that ,he was     
never tempted4  ,had ,he been entirely  
free from temptation1 ,his manhood would
 have been so utterly different from    

ours that it would mean little or       
nothing to us4  ,but ,he was not so     
free4  ,this we have on ,his own        
authority1 as the account of ,his       
temptation in the wilderness can only   
have come from ,himself4  ,and there can
 be no doubt that ,he was tempted not   
only on that occasion but constantly    
throughout ,his earthly life4 ,as the   
writer of the ,epistle to the ,hebrews  
says1 ,he was in all points tempted like
 as we are1 yet without sin4  ,but the  
sinlessness of ,christ does not if      
rightly understood repel us1 or prove   
any barrier between us and ,him4  ,it is
 not an abstract belief about ,him1 but 
is exhibited in ,his life as a man1     
thereby showing of what manhood is      
capable if the human will be brought    
into perfect harmony with the divine    
will4  ,we know ourselves that the      
closer we bring our will into agreement 
with the ,divine will1 the less liable  
we are to fall before temptation1 and we
 also know that the nearer we draw to   

,christ1 the easier it becomes to will  
for ourselves what ,god wills for us4   
,the sinlessness of the ,son1 ,whose    
will was always in perfect agreement    
with that of ,his ,father1 has always   
been the inspiration of the saint1 and  
at the same time the great attraction of
 ,his personality to the sinner4   ,,the
 ,,mission ,,and ,,the ,,teaching ,,of  
,,christ4  ,jesus did not begin ,his    
public ,mission till ,he was about      
thirty years of age4  ,it opened with   
,his baptism by ,john the ,baptist1 when
 by the descent of the ,spirit of ,god  
upon ,him and the voice from heaven ,he 
was marked out as the ,beloved ,son1 or 
as the ,fourth ,gospel represents ,john 
the ,baptist saying1 ,the ,son of ,god4 
,then followed a retirement of forty    
days into the wilderness1 at the close  
of which ,he faced and overcame the     
severe temptations1 which were all      
intended to debase and destroy the ideal
 embodied in ,his ,mission as the       
,saviour not of ,his nation only but of 

the whole world1 and the ,founder of a  
spiritual ,kingdom in the hearts of men4
  ,he soon gathered together disciples1 
of whom ,he selected twelve1 whom ,he   
named ,apostles1 to be ,his constant and
 intimate companions4  ,they did not    
fully realise either the mystery of ,his
 ,person1 or the object of ,his         
,mission1 till after ,he rose from the  
dead4  ,the conviction that a flash of  
spiritual insight brought to ,peter at  
,caesarea ,philippi 7,st4 ,matt4 ,,xvi4 
#af7 was not sufficiently strong to     
prevent ,him from publicly denying ,his 
,master at ,his trial4  ,it is difficult
 to summarise our ,lord's teaching1 for 
it cannot be reduced to any system4     
,his ,ministry was one of               
,reconciliation of man to ,god4  ,as ,he
 said1 ,he came to seek and to save that
 which was lost4 ,his ,gospel is the    
,gospel of the ,kingdom of ,god1 or ,the
 ,kingdom of heaven4  ,this ,kingdom was
 not relegated to the dim and distant   
future but was to be inaugurated here   

and now4  ,in all those who should      
become members1 a change of heart1 a    
turning towards ,god instead of away    
from ,him1 and a complete readjustment  
of values were required4#a  ,he was     
,himself as it were the ,door to this   
,kingdom1 which could only be entered   
through ,him4  ,he asked men to make    
,him the centre of ,life1 instead of    
self4  ',if any man will come after me1 
let him deny himself4'  ,it should      
always be remembered1 in studying the   
teaching of ,christ1 that it is based   
upon the fact that men have a spiritual 
as well as an intellectual and physical 
life2 in other words1 that they have a  
soul as well as a mind and body1 and of 
these the life of the soul is the most  
important4  ,he does not set forth an   
elaborate system of conduct1 but rather 
enunciates certain great general        
principles on which the ,christian life 
is to be based4  ,these principles are  
to be applied to every human            
relationship4  ,the teaching of ,christ 

does not deal with particular           
circumstances1 which vary from age to   
age1 and differ in different countries  
in different races of men1 but with     
human nature which is the same          
everywhere in its fundamental           
characteristics4 ,consequently ,his     
teaching is never out of date1 but each 
generation can obtain the light it needs
 therefrom4  ,it is not any flaw in the 
teaching of ,christ1 but the very       
imperfect application of it by men to   
the circumstances of life1 which has    
from time to time caused the charge of  
failure to be brought against           
,christianity4   ,,christ ,,our         
,,saviour--,,the ,,atonement4  ,the     
purpose of the ,incarnation was not only
 to reveal to men through the ,person   
and teaching of ,jesus ,christ the true 
,nature and ,being of ,god4  ,it was    
also to effect the reconciliation of men
 to ,god4  ,to accomplish this purpose  
the great obstructing barrier of sin had
 to be broken down4  ,the means chosen1 

in the infinite wisdom of ,god1 was the 
,death of ,jesus ,christ upon the       
,cross4  ,by this supreme act of        
self-sacrifice ,he opened to men the way
 of reconciliation to ,god1 and became  
their ,saviour from the dreadful power  
of sin1 which by themselves they could  
not and cannot overcome4  ,it should    
also be remembered that in speaking of  
this sublime subject we are dealing with
 a mystery1 which it is beyond human    
power fully to explain1 and that for    
that reason no really adequate theory of
 the ,atonement can be set forth4  ,but 
of the fact there is no doubt4  ,the    
experience of countless men and women   
has proven conclusively the saving power
 of the ,cross4 ,when they have accepted
 that sacrifice made for the sins of    
men1 and have taken ,christ into their  
lives1 the predominant feeling is that  
their sins have been forgiven4  ,and the
 fact that it is through ,christ's      
sacrifice1 and not by anything they     
themselves have done or could do1 that  

they have won pardon1 so far from       
lowering their moral sense as might be  
expected1 in that they are simply       
benefiting by the action of another1    
invariably on the contrary makes a      
profound impression on both life and    
character1 enabling them through the    
resulting loyalty and devotion to       
,christ to reach a standard of life and 
conduct much beyond that which had      
previously satisfied them4   ,,the      
,,resurrection ,,of ,,christ  ,that     
,christ rose from the dead on the third 
day has been from the very beginning the
 unquestioned belief of the ,christian  
,church4  ,it is the main theme of the  
first ,christian sermon ever produced1  
that by ,peter on the day of ,pentecost4
  ,the ,gospel records are perfectly    
plain as to the nature of ,christ's     
,resurrection4  ,he rose from the grave 
in ,his complete ,personality1 spiritual
 and bodily1 though ,his risen body was 
free from certain limitations of        
pre-resurrection life4  ,it was the same

 body as ,his disciples had known before
 ,his death4  ,of this ,he bade them    
assure themselves by actual contact4    
,that ,he rose from the dead in ,his    
human as well as in ,his divine nature  
is the guarantee that we men can share  
in ,his resurrection4  ,even so in      
,christ shall all be made alive4  ,as to
 the exact nature of our own            
,resurrection body1 naturally it is not 
possible to speak with exact certainty4 
,yet it is certain that the ,christian  
doctrine of the ,resurrection of the    
dead means much more than the survival  
of the spirit4  ,it teaches plainly and 
clearly a bodily resurrection4  ,in the 
inspired statement of ,st4 ,paul1 found 
in the familiar ,lesson of our ,burial  
,service1 7#a ,cor4 xv4 #bj-;end71 we   
have four great facts set forth         
regarding the body which is laid in the 
grave1 and what it will become at the   
,resurrection3  ,first3 ,it is sown in  
corruption2 it is raised in             
incorruption4  ,secondly3 ,it is sown in

 dishonor2 it is raised in glory4       
,thirdly3 ,it is sown in weakness2 it is
 raised in power4  ,fourthly3 ,it is    
sown a natural body2 it is raised a     
spiritual body4  ,from this it is clear 
that our resurrection body will be such1
 as under the different conditions      
prevailing in the future life1 will have
 every element of personality which we  
possess now1 but in a glorified and     
spiritual form4  ,i shall be ,i in the  
resurrection body1 and recognisable as  
such to those who know and love me now4 
,beyond this we need not go4  ,for it is
 ,god ,who will raise us from the dead1 
and to ,him nothing is impossible4      
,,christ ,,and ,his ,,church4  ,though  
the actual word ,church is only found   
twice in the ,gospels1 on both occasions
 in ,st4 ,matthew 7,,xvi4 #ah and       
,,xviii4 #ag7--that ,christ meant ,his  
followers to form a visible ,body with  
proper equipment for the task of        
evangelising the world after ,he had    
left it in the flesh is shown clearly by

 the following facts4  ,in the first    
place ,he selected twelve men1 whom ,he 
kept together1 trained together by close
 and constant association with ,himself1
 and to whom ,he gave the distinct      
commission not merely to preach the     
,gospel but to admit men into the       
fellowship by the ,sacrament of         
,baptism4  ,he also instituted the      
,sacrament of the ,holy ,communion      
which1 though it had other purposes1 was
 certainly intended to be1 and was in   
fact1 from the first1 a bond of visible 
corporate union of all ,christians4     
,also the early records of              
,christianity1 as found in the ,acts of 
the ,apostles and the ,epistles1 point  
conclusively to the conviction that in  
the foundation of the ,churches in      
different places1 and in the beginnings 
of very definite organization that are  
there seen1 general instructions given  
by our ,lord were being followed by the 
,apostles4  ,it has been argued that1 as
 the first ,christians were convinced   

that our ,lord's return would be quite  
soon1 they would not have concerned     
themselves with the foundation of a     
,society intended to last for an        
indefinite future4  ,it is quite true   
that they did believe that the second   
,advent of ,christ would not be long    
deferred4  ,this belief arose partly    
from a mistaken interpretation of       
certain sayings of our ,lord1 in which  
they confused ,his prediction of the    
fall of ,jerusalem with the end of the  
present age1 and partly from a very     
natural idea that ,his manifestation in 
,glory could not be separated by any    
length of time from ,his ,resurrection  
and ,ascension into heaven4  ,the fact  
remains1 however1 that the foundations  
of the ,christian ,church were planned  
with the care and forethought that an   
age-long existence called for1 with the 
result that1 when the expectation of an 
almost immediate return was seen to be  
unfounded1 the disappointment did not in
 the slightest degree weaken the faith  

or check the growth of the ,church4     
,the certainty that ,christ would return
 remained1 as it still remains1 one of  
the component parts of the ,christian's 
belief about ,christ4  ,when the time   
comes1 ,he will most certainly return to
 be our ,judge1 but as ,he ,himself said
 ,of that day and hour knoweth no one   
444 neither the ,son1 but the ,father   
only4  ,it is not for us to speculate   
therefore about the exact date of       
,christ's return1 but to endeavour to   
live in such a state of preparation that
 we should be ready to meet ,him at     
whatever time ,his second ,advent may   
occur4  ,blessed are those servants whom
 their ,lord1 when ,he cometh1 shall    
find watching4  ,christ is the ,head of 
,his ,church1 which is therefore a      
,divine ,institution1 though it works in
 the world by human instruments4  ,into 
this ,body we are admitted at ,baptism1 
and by virtue of ,christ's ,headship    
become by our admission ,members of     
,christ1 ,children of ,god1 and         

,inheritors of the ,kingdom of ,heaven4 
,,christ ,,as ,,mediator  ,as ,christ is
 ,god and also shares our humanity1 and 
in virtue of ,his great ,act of         
,reconciliation shown on the ,cross1 we 
rightly approach ,god the ,father       
through ,him4  ,that is why we end our  
prayers with the words--through ,jesus  
,christ our ,lord1 and plead the        
,sacrifice of the ,cross before the     
throne of ,god in the ,blessed          
,sacrament4  ,st4 ,paul 7,romans ,,viii4
 #cd47 speaks of ,christ as making      
intercession for us at the right hand of
 ,god4   ,,his ,,church ,,and ,,her     
,,members  ,christ told ,his disciples  
that ,he would be with them always1 even
 to the end of the ,age4  ,this promise 
,he1 as ,head of ,his ,church1 fulfills1
 both to that ,body at large1 and to the
 individual members thereof by the      
presence and power of the ,holy ,spirit 
through which ,he works both in the     
heart of the individual and in the whole
 ,body1 to which ,he has given the      

charge of the ,means of ,grace4  ,we    
also rightly believe that ,he is        
specially present in the ,sacrament of  
,his ,body and ,blood1 which ,he        
,himself instituted and ordained for    
,his followers4   ,,christ ,,the ,,light
 ,,of ,,the ,,world ,,and ,,the ,,lord  
,,of ,,life  ,in closing this brief and 
therefore necessarily very imperfect    
summary of a vast subject1 our final    
thought may well be that in union with  
,christ lies our supreme hope both in   
this world and in the world to come4    
,for ,he is the ,true ,light1 which     
lighteth every man that cometh into the 
world2 the only ,guide ,who will never  
lead us astray4  ,and the closer we draw
 to ,him in prayer and sacrament1       
worship and service1 the more abundantly
 shall we recognize the truth of ,his   
own inspiring word2 ,he that believeth  
on the ,son hath ever-lasting ,life1 for
 ,christ is the ,lord of all life1 now  
and for ever4    #a ,note4--,in ,infant 
,baptism this requisition is made of the

 ,sureties1 or ,god-,parents2 which     
promise1 they 7i4e4 the ,infants7 when  
they come to age themselves are bound to
 perform4  7,catechism74     ,,iii4     
,,the ,,bible  ,by ,the ,ven4           
,archdeacon ,paterson-,smyth1 ,d4,d41   
,litt4,d41 ,d4,c4,l4   ,this is a vast  
subject4  ,what is one to do with it in 
an essay limited to twenty pages8       
,keeping in mind the purpose of the     
editors ,i have decided to confine      
myself to one main thought3 ,reassurance
 as to the unshakeable position of the  
,bible amid present-day doubts and      
disquiet4  ,with all his reverence for  
the ,bible there sometimes come to a    
thoughtful layman perplexities and tacit
 questionings4  ,this is partly because 
we are thinking a little more than our  
grandfathers did1 but still more because
 ,god has given in our day fuller       
knowledge of the truths of history and  
science1 and also of the making of the  
,bible itself through the keen          
investigations of what is called ,higher

 ,criticism4  ,there is no space to     
discuss such questions here4  ,but if it
 be not presumptions after many years of
 study of these questions ,i should like
 to assure the reader that not only is  
there no peril to the ,bible in any of  
this new knowledge1 but that when he has
 got over any disquiet caused by some   
shifting of his point of view it should 
make the ,bible for him a more living1  
appealing presentation of ,god4  ,at    
present ,i can only help him to examine 
his foundations4   ,i4--,,foundations   
#a4--;,if the fear should ever come upon
 you1 my reader1 of the possibility of  
the ,scriptures being discredited by    
present-day controversies after having  
been accepted as ,god-given for three   
thousand years1 first pause for a       
moment1 and let the full weight of these
 thoughts press upon you of all that is 
implied in the fact 7#a7 that any set of
 old documents1 always open to scrutiny 
and question1 should for thousands of   
years have been accepted as of ,divine  

origin2 7#b7 that they should have been 
yielded to by men as an authority to    
guide their conduct by commands often   
disagreeable to themselves2 7#c7 that   
this acceptance and obedience has been  
chiefly amongst the most thoughtful and 
highly-cultured nations of the world2   
7#d7 that it has gone on age after age1 
steadily increasing1 and never in any   
age has made more progress than in this 
cultured1 enlightened1 all-questioning  
century in which we live4  #b4--,what   
has given these ,scriptures such        
authority8  ,remember they were only    
separate documents1 often with hundreds 
of years intervening between them1      
written by different writers of         
different characters to different       
people1 and under different             
circumstances4  ,remember that in many  
cases we do not know their origin1 or   
how they assumed their present form4    
,and yet somehow we never can reach back
 in their history to a time when they   
were not treasured and reverenced among 

men as in some way at least above human 
productions4  ,there they stand1 a long 
chain of records with one end reaching  
away into the far back past1 and the    
other gathering around the feet of      
,christ4  ,and remember especially this1
 that they were selected out by no      
miracle1 that they rest on no formal    
decision or sentence of ,church or      
,council1 or pope or saint1 nay1 not    
even of the ,blessed ,lord ,himself2 for
 long before ,he came1 for centuries and
 centuries there they stood1 testifying 
of ,him1 cherished and reverenced as a  
message that had come from above at     
sundry times and in divers manners4     
,all study of their history shows that  
their acceptance rested on no decision  
of any external authority4  ,they were  
accepted as of ,divine origin for many  
generations before they were gathered   
into any fixed collection4  ,the        
,church1 said ,luther1 cannot give more 
force or authority to a book than it has
 in itself4  ,a ,council cannot make    

that to be ,scripture which in its own  
nature is not ,scripture4  ,it is true  
that the great ,synagogue1 or their     
official descendants1 collected the ,old
 ,testament ,canon of ,scripture4  ,yes1
 but when8 ,somewhere about the time of 
our ,lord1 when the books had been for  
ages recognised as of ,god4  ,it is true
 that the ,christian ,church collected  
the ,new ,testament writings into a     
,bible1 and arrived at a decision       
concerning certain books the authority  
of which had been in debate4 ,yes1 but  
when8  ,after they had been for #cjj    
years accepted as the ,god-given guide  
of the ,church4  ,evidently it was not  
their being collected into a ,bible that
 made them of authority1 but rather the 
fact of their possessing authority made 
them be collected into a ,bible4        
#c4--;,again1 ,i repeat the question1   
what gave them that authority8  ,and    
there seems no possible answer but this1
 that they possessed it of themselves4  
,they commanded the position they held  

by their own power4 ,men's moral sense  
and reason combined to establish them4  
,they appealed by their own instrinsic  
worth to the ,god-given moral faculty1  
and the response to that appeal through 
all the ages since is in reality the    
main foundation of the ,bible's         
position4  ,look at the ,old ,testament4
  ,if we at the present day are asked   
why we receive it as inspired1 we       
usually reply that we receive it on the 
authority of our ,lord and ,his         
apostles4  ,they accepted it as the     
,word of ,god1 and handed it on to us   
with their official approval of it4     
,well1 but why was it accepted before   
their day without any such formal       
sanction8  ,how did men come to believe 
and obey as ,divinely inspired the words
 of ,moses1 ,isaiah1 ,jeremiah1 ,hosea1 
and the rest8  ,except in the case of   
,moses1 there were no miracles or       
portents2 no external voice from heaven 
to command men's allegiance4  ,they were
 not established on their ,divine       

supremacy by any single authority4  ,why
 then were their utterances accepted8   
,it seems evident there can be but one  
answer4  ,they asserted that supremacy  
by their own intrinsic power4  ,men were
 compelled to acknowledge that their    
declaration that the word of the ,lord  
had come to them was true4  ,there was  
that in the messages of the prophets and
 in the evidence by which they were     
accompanied1 which compelled this       
belief4  ,the books of the ,new         
,testament became recognised among      
,christians just as the books of the    
,old ,testament had been recognised     
among the ,jews1 by virtue of their own 
inherent evidence4  ,certain witnesses  
came forward and recorded in writing the
 teaching of our ,lord1 or announced    
certain messages for which they had ,his
 authority1 or the guidance of ,his     
,spirit in communicating them to their  
fellows4  ,men had to decide for        
themselves whether they believed those  
claims4  ,the ,apostles were supported1 

indeed1 in many cases by miracles1 but  
not always2 and though those miracles   
afforded momentous evidence1 they were  
not recognisable in themselves1 when    
standing alone1 as decisive of the whole
 question4  ,no apparent miracle1 it was
 felt1 could of itself authenticate a   
message from ,god which did not bear    
internal evidence also of having        
proceeded from ,him4  ,the appeal in the
 early ,church was directed1 as in the  
time of our ,lord ,himself1 to the      
hearts and consciences of men4  ,he     
,himself could but appeal to those      
hearts and consciences1 and men accepted
 and rejected ,him1 not by reference to 
any external authority1 but in          
proportion to their capacity for        
recognising ,his ,divine character4     
,thus from the first to the last1 the   
authority of the ,scriptures has been   
equivalent to the authority with which  
they themselves convinced men that they 
had come from ,god4  ,i have been       
anxious to show you that the position of

 the ,bible rests not on any miracle1 or
 any external authority of the ,church  
or ,council1 but on its appeal to the   
minds and consciences of men4  ,you may 
doubt a miracle1 you may doubt your     
individual instincts1 you may doubt the 
competency of any one body of men2 you  
cannot doubt so easily the conviction of
 a hundred generations4  ,they found in 
it a power to make them good and they   
were convinced that it had come from    
,god4#a  ,now consider that this ,bible 
has held its authoritative position in  
the face of the most violent attacks all
 through the centuries2 that infidels   
have dreamed that they had overthrown it
 and exploded it times without number1  
with the result only that its power has 
steadily increased1 so that to-day it   
would be almost as easy to root the sun 
out of the heavens as to root this      
,bible out of human life4  ,take this   
single fact as an illustration4  ,a     
hundred years ago ,voltaire refuted it  
quite satisfactorily1 as it seemed to   

himself4  ,in a century1 he said1 the   
,bible and ,christianity will be things 
of the past4  ,well1 how has his        
prophecy been fulfilled8  ,before his   
day the whole world from the beginning  
of it had not produced six millions of  
,bibles4  ,in a single century since1   
and that too1 the enlightened1 critical 
nineteenth century1 two hundred millions
 of ,bibles and portions of ,scripture  
have issued from the press1 in five     
hundred and forty-three languages4  ,and
 ,i have read somewhere that the house  
in which ,voltaire lived is now one of  
the depots of the ,bible ,society4      
,,ii4--,,the ,,witness ,,in ,,ourselves4
  #a4--;,i have pointed out that the    
authority of the ,scriptures has been   
equivalent to the authority with which  
they themselves convinced men that they 
came from ,god4  ,now let us try to     
bring this conviction home to           
ourselves--to test on ourselves the     
power of these ,scripture utterances    
which persuaded men of old that they    

came from above4  ,for it is as they    
compel in us the same convictions that  
we can readily understand the making of 
the ,bible4  ,get outside all thoughts  
of an authoritative ,bible4  ,forget the
 fuller light of ,christ in which you   
stand1 which reveals comparative        
imperfection in those ancient writers4  
,put yourself in their place4 ,picture  
the nations of the earth in their       
ignorance and depravity1 with their     
blind gropings after ,god1 reaching no  
higher than fetishes and idols1 and the 
tales of classical mythology4  ,then    
listen wonderingly to those prophetic   
voices in ,israel amid the surroundings 
of that dark old world before ,romulus  
and ,remus were suckled by the wolf3    
,jehovah1 ,jehovah4  ,a ,god full of    
compassion and gracious1 slow to anger  
and plenteous in mercy and truth1       
keeping mercy for thousands1 forgiving  
iniquity1 and transgression1 and sin1   
and that will by no means clear the     
guilty4  ,rend your hearts and not your 

garments1 and turn unto the ,lord your  
,god1 for ,he is gracious and merciful1 
slow to anger and of great kindness1 and
 repenteth ,him of the evil4  ,thus     
saith the high and holy ,one that       
inhabiteth eternity1 whose name is      
,holy3 ,i dwell in the high and holy    
place with him that is of a contrite and
 humble spirit1 to revive the spirit of 
the humble and to revive the heart of   
the contrite one4  ,what doth the ,lord 
require of thee but to do justly and to 
love mercy and to walk humbly with thy  
,god8   ,and mingled with these noble   
thoughts1 like a golden thread woven    
through the web of prophecy1 see that   
strangely persistent groping after some 
great ,being1 some great purpose of ,god
 in the future--from the ,genesis       
prediction of ,the ,seed of the ,woman  
to the vision of the ,coming ,one by the
 great prophet of the exile ,surely ,he 
hath borne our griefs and carried our   
sorrows 444 the ,lord hath laid on ,him 
the iniquity of us all4  ,try to realise

 the impressiveness of it4  ,all down   
the ,jewish history in the midst of a   
dark world came these mysterious voices 
telling of a holy ,god1--teaching1      
threatening1 pleading1 encouraging1     
pointing to a gradually brightening     
ideal and to the hope of some ,great    
,one who yet was to come4  ,and to      
deepen its impressiveness notice that   
these prophets asserted passionately    
their conviction3 ,these are not our    
words4  ,these are not our thoughts1    
,god has put them into us4  ,the word of
 the ,lord came unto me4  ,hear ye      
therefore the word of the ,lord4  ,how  
could the people doubt it8  ,they were  
not good people4 ,they were stiff-necked
 and uncircumcised in heart and ears1   
who did always resist the ,holy ,ghost4 
,they hated the high teaching4  ,they   
killed the prophets and stoned those who
 were sent unto them4  ,but conscience  
insisted that these prophets were right 
and1 by and by1 in deep remorse they    
built them sepulchres and treasured up  

what fragments they could find of their 
sacred words4  ,how could they help it8 
,put yourself in their place4  ,do you  
not feel that you must have done the    
same if you had been there8  #b4--,the  
same is evidently true of the ,psalms1  
the hymns of the ,jewish ,church4       
,they1 too1 owe their position to the   
appeal which they made to the highest in
 men4  ,they were the utterances of     
noble souls who with all their          
imperfections knew and loved ,god1 and  
all kindred souls then and since have   
felt their power in inspiring the       
spiritual life4  ,the author's name did 
not matter4  ,in most cases it was not  
known4  ,the position of the ,psalter1  
then1 is not due to any author's name1  
to any ,council's sanction1 but to its  
compelling appeal to the highest side of
 men in that old ,jewish ,community4    
,that was how the ,holy ,spirit wrought 
in making the ,bible4  ,judged by the   
higher standard of ,jesus ,christ we can
 see imperfections and faults due to the

 poor imperfect men who wrote the       
,psalter4  ,strange if it were otherwise
 in that dark age in which it grew4     
,but when all allowance has been made   
for these1 who can doubt that that      
,psalter1 which has been so powerful in 
inspiring human life through the ages   
since1 caught on to men's souls in those
 early days and convinced them that it  
came from ,god4  ,again let us test its 
compelling power on ourselves4  ,keep   
back still in that dim old world with   
its self-seeking1 and idolatries1 and   
human sacrifices1 and lustful           
abominations1 with no real sense of sin1
 no longings after holiness1 and listen 
to the ,jewish shepherd reciting in the 
field1 and the ,jewish choir boy singing
 in the church3   ,praise the ,lord1 ,o 
my soul1 and all that is within me1     
praise ,his ,holy ,name1 ,who forgiveth 
all thine iniquities1 ,who healeth all  
thy diseases4 ,who redeemeth thy life   
from destruction1 ,who crowneth thee    
with loving kindness and tender         

mercies4444  ,like as a father pitieth  
his own children1 so is the ,lord       
merciful to them that fear ,him1 for ,he
 knoweth our frame1 ,he remembereth that
 we are but dust4  ,lord1 who shall     
sojourn in thy tabernacle1 who shall    
dwell in thy holy hill8  ,he that       
walketh uprightly and worketh           
righteousness and speaketh the truth in 
his heart4  ,the ,lord is my shepherd4  
,i shall not want4  ,he maketh me to lie
 down in green pastures1 ,he leadeth me 
beside the still waters4  ,he restoreth 
my soul4  ,he leadeth me in the path of 
righteousness for ,his ,name's sake4    
,yea1 though ,i walk through the valley 
of the shadow of death1 ,i will fear no 
evil1 for ,thou art with me4  ,have     
mercy on me1 ,o ,god1 according to ,thy 
loving kindness1 according to the       
multitude of ,thy tender mercies1 blot  
out my transgressions4 ,wash me         
thoroughly from my iniquity and cleanse 
me from my sin4444  ,the sacrifices of  
,god are a broken spirit1 a broken and  

contrite heart1 ,o ,god1 ,thou wilt not 
despise4   ,are not such songs in such  
an age one of the miracles of history8  
,how could men help loving and          
reverencing and preserving such songs8  
,how could they help feeling that a     
divine ,spirit was behind them8         
#c4--,the rest of the ,old ,testament is
 the history of ,god's dealing with the 
nation1 a story gathered under the      
guidance of ,god's providence in many   
generations1 from many sources since the
 far back childhood of the race4  ,the  
historians were evidently men with the  
prophetic instinct4 ,but ,i make no     
appeal on the score of their being      
prophets4  ,the appeal is made by the   
history itself4  ,was ever national     
history so extraordinarily written8  ,it
 is the history of an evil and          
rebellious people1 yet everything is    
looked at in relation to the ,god of    
,righteousness4  ,records of other      
ancient nations tell what this or that  
great king accomplished1 how the people 

conquered or were conquered by their    
enemies4  ,in these ,jewish records     
everything is of ,god--a righteous1 holy
 ,god4  ,it is ,god who conquered1 ,god 
who delivered1 ,god who punished1 ,god  
who fought4  ,there is no boasting of   
the national glory1 no flattering of the
 national vanity2 their greatest sins   
and disgraces and punishments are       
recorded just as fully as their triumphs
 and their joys4  ,in the records of    
other nations the chief stress is laid  
on power and prosperity and comfort and 
wealth4  ,in these strange records      
goodness seems to be the only thing of  
importance4  ,to do the right1 to please
 the holy ,god is of infinitely more    
value than to be powerful or rich or    
successful in ,life4  ,he did that which
 was right in the sight of the ,lord4   
,he did that which was evil in the sight
 of the ,lord1 are the epitaphs of their
 most famous kings4  ,therefore the     
national history of ,israel also holds  
its position by its appeal to the       

religious instinct4  ,no author's name1 
no theory of its composition affects its
 position4  ,whatever its imperfection1 
it has impressed itself upon us as the  
simple story of ,god's dealing with men4
   ,,iii4--,,the ,,witness ,,of         
,,christ4  ,i now point you to the chief
 ground for every ,christian man of his 
belief in the ,divine origin of the     
,bible4  ,it is this4  ,that it all     
centres in ,jesus ,christ ,himself4  ,it
 cannot be dissociated from ,him4 ,it is
 closely1 inseparately bound up with    
,his life4  ,the ,old ,testament tells  
of the preparation for ,christ4  ,the   
,new ,testament tells that when that    
preparation was complete in the fulness 
of time ,god sent forth ,his ,son4      
,jesus ,christ1 as it were1 stands      
between the ,old ,testament and the ,new
 and lays ,his hand upon them both4 ,the
 ,old ,testament contains the           
,scriptures which ,he told men were of  
,god and which bare witness of ,him4    
,the ,new ,testament is the story of    

,his words and works1 and the teaching  
of apostles and early disciples sent    
forth by ,him as teachers with the power
 of the ,holy ,ghost4  ,it is this fact 
that ,christ is its centre which        
accounts for the striking unity of this 
collection of separate documents4  ,the 
parts belong all to each other4  ,and   
surely for us ,christians our conviction
 as to the authority of the ,bible is   
increased a thousandfold by the attitude
 of ,christ ,himself towards the only   
,bible that ,he had1 the ,old           
,testament4  ,it was the ,bible of ,his 
education4  ,it was the ,bible of ,his  
ministry4 ,he took for granted its      
fundamental doctrines about creation1   
man1 righteousness1 ,god's providence   
and purpose4  ,he accepted it as the    
preparation for ,himself and taught ,his
 disciples to find ,him in it4  ,he used
 it to justify ,his mission and to      
illuminate the mystery of the cross4    
,above all ,he fed ,his own soul with   
its contents and in the great crisis of 

,his life sustained ,himself upon it as 
the solemn word of ,god4  ,and ,i cannot
 help feeling that the ,bible which was 
good enough for ,christ on earth should 
be good enough for me4   ,,iv4--,,the   
,,witness ,,of ,,its ,,power4           
#a4--,need ,i remind you of that        
practical conviction of every earnest   
,bible student1 the conviction which    
,coleridge expresses when he speaks of  
the way in which it finds me4  ,men feel
 by their own spiritual experience that 
the ,book witnesses to itself4  ,the    
,spirit itself beareth witness with     
their spirit that the ,book is the ,book
 of ,god4 ,it finds them as no other    
book ever does4  ,its words have moved  
them deeply2 it has helped them to be   
good2 it has mastered their wills and   
gladdened their hearts till the         
overpowering conviction has forced      
itself upon them1 ,never book spake like
 this ,book4  ,need ,i point you to the 
world around1 to the miraculous power   
which is exercised by that ,bible1 to   

the evil lives reformed by it1 to the   
noble1 beautiful lives daily nourished  
by it8  ,did you ever hear of any other 
book of history1 and poetry1 and        
memoirs1 and letters that had this power
 to turn men towards nobleness and      
righteousness of life8 ,did you ever    
hear a man say1 ,i was an outcast1 and a
 reprobate1 and a disgrace to all that  
loved me till ,i began to read ,scott's 
poems and ,macaulay's ,history of       
,england8  ,did you ever hear a man tell
 of the peace and hope and power to     
conquer evil which he had won by an     
earnest study of the ,latin classics8   
,you can get a great many to say it of  
the study of the ,bible1 ten thousand   
times ten thousand1 and thousands of    
thousands4  ,you can see the amount of  
happiness and good that has come to the 
world even from the miserably imperfect 
following of it4  ,you can see that the 
world would be a very paradise of ,god  
if it were thoroughly followed4  ,misery
 and vice would vanish forever1 purity  

and love and unselfish work for others  
would hold their universal sway on      
earth4  ,the millenium would have begun4
  ,need we be disquieted about a ,book  
that comes to us thus accredited in so  
many powerful ways8  ,can we not see    
with restful hearts that all for which  
we value it is safe from assault2 that  
we never can doubt that it has come to  
us from ,god4  ,with this confidence in 
our foundations we shall study          
peacefully and with interest all new    
knowledge on the ,bible4  ,instead of   
fearing a conflict of ,science and      
,scripture we shall learn to read our   
,bible more wisely4  ,for example1 we   
shall read the ,creation story not as a 
scientific treatise but as a simple     
religious primer for an ancient child   
race three or four thousand years ago to
 teach them first lessons about ,god4   
,and if ,higher ,criticism teaches us   
that some of the old books have been    
edited and re-edited before reaching    
their present form1 that ,david did not 

write all the psalms1 that ,moses did   
not write the whole of the ,pentateuch  
as it stands to-day1 we shall learn to  
regard it as a matter of mere literary  
interest4  ,such questions may be       
discussed with a quiet mind4  ,for if   
the authority of the ,bible rests not on
 any external miracle1 nor on any       
author's name1 nor on any theory of its 
composition1 nor on any pronouncement of
 any one body of men1 but on its own    
compelling power to convince men that it
 came from ,god1 then its foundations   
are safe enough1 and the question how   
the ,books grew or by whom they were    
written or edited or brought together   
into a ,bible is a matter of literary   
interest in no way vital to the         
authority of ,scripture4  ,we shall     
therefore need in our ,bible reading    
more thoughtfulness1 more study1 more   
prayer4  ,but the outlay of these will  
be repaid a hundredfold4  ,the ,bible   
will shine forth for us more real1 more 
natural1 more divine4  ,our beliefs will

 rest on a firm foundation4 ,and1 though
 there may be still things that puzzle  
and perplex us1 we shall learn that our 
,christian life does not depend on the  
understanding of all mysteries and all  
knowledge1 but on the humble obedience  
to the will of ,god1 which for all      
practical purposes is clearly revealed4 
,blessed ,lord1 who has caused all ,holy
 ,scriptures to be     written for our  
learning2 grant that we may in such     
wise hear them1 read1 mark1 learn1 and  
inwardly         digest them1 that by   
patience1 and comfort           of ,thy 
,holy ,word1 we may embrace             
and ever hold fast the blessed          
hope of everlasting life1 which         
,thou hast given us in                  
our ,saviour ,jesus                     
,christ4  ,amen4    #a ,i am quite      
conscious that ,i may be pointed to the 
acceptance of the ,koran and the ,sacred
 ,books of ,india as a fact that weakens
 this argument4  ,i have no hesitation  
in admitting that1 in part1 the reason  

of their acceptance1 too1 lies in their 
appeal to the consciences of men through
 their containing broken rays of ,the   
light that lighteth every man coming    
into the world4  ,i should be sorry to  
think that ,christianity required my    
belief that the ,god and ,father of all 
men left the whole non-,christian world 
without any light from ,himself4  ,but  
surely there is a vast difference       
between the position of these books and 
that of the ,bible4  ,all that is good  
in the ,koran existed already in        
,christianity and ,judaism1 and is      
mainly derived from them4  ,the ,sacred 
,books of ,india1 with their pearls of  
spiritual truth gleaming here and there 
amongst a mass of rubbish1 can surely   
not be compared with the ,bible in      
reference to the above argument4        
,,iv4  ,,what ,,is ,,faith8  ,by ,the   
,rev4 ,h4 ,m4 ,little1 ,l4,s4,t41       
,rector of the ,church of the ,advent1  
,montreal4   ,a careful reader of the   
,gospels must be struck with the        

insistence which ,jesus ,christ places  
upon faith4  ,verily ,i say unto you ,i 
have not found so great faith1 no1 not  
in ,israel4  ,why are ye fearful1 ,o ye 
of little faith8  ,jesus seeing their   
faith said unto the sick of the palsy1  
son be of good cheer4  ,according to    
your faith be it done unto you4  ,he did
 not many mighty works there because of 
their unbelief4  ,o woman1 great is thy 
faith1 be it unto thee even as thou     
wilt4  ,dost thou believe on the ,son of
 ,god8  ,ye believe in ,god1 believe    
also in me4  ,what then is this faith   
which ,jesus ,christ asks of people8    
,is it nothing more than a looking      
upward by one in need to one able to    
supply the need8  ,jesus was never      
satisfied with this attitude4   ,,the   
,,true ,,nature ,,of ,,faith4  ,in the  
case of the twelve ,apostles we see what
 the nature of true faith is4  ,jesus   
,christ chose them that they might be   
with ,him in order that they might learn
 ,his secret--the knowledge of ,his     

,personality4  ,he wished for such      
confidence in ,him that they would      
commit themselves wholly to ,his        
keeping4  ,for the lack of this faith   
,he rebuked them in the storm on the    
lake4  ,their faith failed them again at
 the ,crucifixion2 and it was the first 
task of the ,master after the           
,resurrection to build again this       
confidence which was shattered by the   
tragedy of ,his death4  ,he was         
successful4  ,the early chapters of the 
,acts record the degree of calm         
confidence with which these same men    
committed their lives to ,his keeping   
7though absent from their sight7 as to  
,one possessing all authority in heaven 
and on earth4  ,such is the true nature 
of ,faith4   ,,the ,,everlasting        
,,whisper4  ,perhaps it will be better  
to clear away a misconception existing  
in some minds arising from a confusion  
of thought between the exercise of      
personal faith and the facts themselves 
of which the ,christian revelation      

consists4  ,the two are quite distinct4 
,the ,faith means the facts of revealed 
religion made known to us through the   
,church and interwoven into the very    
texture of the ,creeds and the ,book of 
,common ,prayer1--originally the content
 of the oral gospels4  ,we speak of the 
,articles of the ,christian ,faith1     
meaning the ,apostles' ,creed4  ,the    
doctrine of the ,holy ,communion or of  
the ,ministry of the ,church1 etc41 are 
parts also of ,the ,faith2 of this faith
 the ,church is the guardian and the    
teacher4  ,this is essentially different
 from that inward personal movement of  
the soul towards ,god which we are now  
considering4  ,the former may be thought
 of collectively as an objective        
thing--something quite apart from the   
individual1--which he may disregard or  
fail to understand2 whereas personal    
faith is a movement of the soul of man  
which as we shall see vitalizes his     
being and calls into operation all his  
capacities4  ,it is possible to be      

thoroughly instructed in the verities of
 ,the ,faith1 and at the same time to be
 devoid of personal faith2 while on the 
other hand persons are to be met with   
who possess an intense personal faith in
 the ,three ,persons of the ,blessed    
,trinity who have through no fault of   
their own but a very slight intellectual
 grasp of the contents of ,the ,faith as
 it has been committed to the ,church of
 ,god4  ,yet ,the ,faith1 the ,christian
 ,faith must be cherished by faith 7that
 movement in the soul of man towards    
,god7 if the believer is to grow up unto
 the knowledge of ,god4   ,,faith ,,not 
,,antagonistic ,,to ,,reason4  ,we find 
ourselves in a world of material things 
and physical phenomena4 ,we watch and   
study nature2 we witness its orderly    
movements4  ,we ask questions4  ,is     
matter the real thing and the true      
explanation of it all8  ,does nature    
reveal an intelligence behind the       
universe and working in it8  ,are the   
movements in nature the product of      

law1--and how did the laws begin to     
operate and when8  ,we listen to the    
answer of the materialist1 but it does  
not satisfy1 because somehow or other it
 does not account for everything4       
,surely1 we say1 if the operation of law
 accounts for everything1 there must be 
a lawgiver4  ,besides this we observe in
 nature both design and beauty4  ,this  
suggests to us a mind behind nature4    
,man looks also within himself as part  
of creation and finds he has a moral    
sense4  ,he makes distinctions between  
right and wrong2 there are present to   
his mind ideas of justice and mercy and 
love1--whence came these1 he enquires1  
for these are not material forces at    
all1 they are intellectual and          
spiritual8  ,he sees men die and infants
 born1 and he asks whence do they come  
and whither are they going4  ,he refuses
 to believe that this life sees the end 
of man for he has within himself the    
witness that he is spirit and not       
matter4  ,it is in this refusal of the  

innermost being of a man to consent to  
any materialistic explanation of the    
phenomena of nature or of human life    
that faith declares itself4  ,the       
judgment which insists that the only    
adequate explanation of the universe 7as
 science has made it known7 must be     
sought on the basis of the existence of 
a spiritual world permeating all that is
 seen in human life1 and that behind it 
all as its source and origin1 as its    
upholder and controlling power1 is      
,god--this is faith4  ,further4         
,faith--living faith--is the elemental  
act within man going forth from him as a
 son in search for the knowledge of ,god
 as ,father4 ,it is the greatest        
energising force within man1 for it     
includes within itself the other        
capacities within man's personality1    
such as his emotions and his will2 and  
in the case of the intellect1--it       
embraces all that the intellect can     
accomplish1 and then goes beyond the    
limit which intellect can reach4  ,for  

faith takes all the conclusions arrived 
at by man's intellect1 and then1        
supported by these conclusions1 makes   
its venture as it were by the very power
 which is its own4   ,,faith ,,goes     
,,further ,,than ,,reason4  ,think for  
the moment of the subordinate part      
played by reason in relation to both    
heroism and love4  ,heroism is          
universally admired4  ,it springs       
spontaneously from within4  ,it makes   
few calculations4  ,it seldom weighs the
 pros1 and cons4  ,it may act rationally
 or in defiance of reason4  ,it cannot  
stop to argue4  ,it may court certain   
destruction4 ,the challenge is accepted4
  ,the heroic action is done4  ,and is  
it not the same with the affections8    
,whoever met the lover who became so    
through his intellect8  ,who can know   
what love is except by loving8 ,the     
lover does not sit down and reason the  
matter out1 and after weighing all      
considerations say1 ,yes1 ,i will now   
love4  ,tell him to act thus and he will

 laugh outright4  ,love it is which     
draws him and causes him to act4  ,he   
finds himself acting as he does just    
because he is in love1 that is all4     
',tis true that reason exercises her    
part4 ,reason may show him that his love
 is harmful1 or on the contrary that it 
has the sanction of his best judgment4  
,but it can do no more4 ,evidence can be
 found everywhere to the fact of love   
recklessly pursuing its career in spite 
of reason4  ,reason has its limitations 
and love goes beyond it2 outstrips it   
like heroism4  ,it is exactly the same  
with faith4  ,if you want to know what  
faith is1 give yourself up to its       
influence1 let yourself go out in       
response to it1 let it carry you along1 
until by experience you will come to    
know the power of faith and the         
illumination of faith and the reality of
 faith4  ,other faculties will come to  
your aid to assist and to guide1 but    
they can never be a substitute for      
faith4  ,the personal knowledge of ,god 

can only be reached through faith4      
7,heb4 ,,ii4 #f474   ,,faith ,,goes     
,,further ,,than ,,reason ,,in ,,human  
,,affairs4  ,there are people who feel  
that they can only tread where the      
ground is solid2 where they see quite   
clearly what is ahead2 who take no      
risks2 who venture nothing4  ,yet it is 
utterly impossible to live so in real   
life4  ,most of the business transacted 
in the world is based on a system of    
credits2 and credit is but another name 
for faith in personal honesty4  ,the    
financial investments that are made are 
ventures of faith as to profits and     
returns4  ,business foresight which is a
 great asset to success in life relies  
upon the invariableness and calculated  
changes likely to occur4  ,the invalid  
carries out the doctor's instructions to
 the extent of his faith in his         
physician4  ,the reader of the daily    
newspaper has faith in the reliability  
of the news served up to him4  ,the     
history that men read1 or the school    

textbooks used by children1 postulate   
the veracity of the authors of these    
works4 ,friendships are an impossibility
 without the repose of faith4  ,in short
 everywhere and in every department of  
life there can be no knowledge nor      
growth nor progress without faith4  ,as 
,i write the ,international ,conference 
is taking place at ,genoa where the     
chief obstacle to the task of putting   
,europe upon a peaceful economic basis  
is the suspicions1 the lack of faith in 
one another that prevails1 not without  
cause1 among the nations4  ,so when     
,god1 ,who is ,spirit1 tells us ,he can 
only be apprehended by faith it is      
childish to quarrel with this necessary 
condition1 because ,he is only asking of
 ,his children the same attitude towards
 ,him which is everywhere adopted by    
humanity in its social relationships1   
consciously or unconsciously1 as an     
essential condition of human happiness  
and progress4   ,,faith ,a ,,bond ,,of  
,,friendship ,,with ,,god  ,faith is    

required of men1 not because ,god       
grudges information1 but because ,he    
desires for man the unspeakable blessing
 of a willing1 longing1 intimate        
friendship with ,himself4  ,among the   
heathen nations ,he left not ,himself   
without witness1 if haply they might    
seek after ,him and find ,him4  ,he     
selected ,abram and called him forth    
from ,ur to be a father of a nation4    
,to that nation1 tried and disciplined1 
,he disclosed ,himself in fragmentary   
portions and in divers manners1 by a    
long line of inspired writers and       
prophets1 until at last in the fulness  
of time ,god sent forth ,his ,son4  ,the
 ,incarnation discloses the distance the
 ,father will travel to meet ,his lost  
children1 if by faith they will return  
to ,him1 and live the life of restored  
fellowship4  ,thus we understand why    
,jesus pleads and entreats and warns2 it
 is because the loss of faith has such  
terrible consequences--consequences     
which in their harm to oneself and to   

others are incalculable4  ,through      
,jesus ,god has revealed the passion of 
,his heart1 ,his yearning love for the  
souls of men4   ,,god ,,demands ,,our   
,,entire ,,personality4  ,the faith     
which ,god requires will include within 
it the exercise of all man's capacities 
and powers2 there will be in the end no 
part of his personality and no          
department of his life which is not     
contributary to1 or influenced by1 his  
faith2 for faith will be the means for  
the rounding out and the perfecting of  
the character4  ,it will include the    
directing of the will1 it will find     
scope for the emotions1 it will receive 
the sanction of the intellect--it will  
be the movement of the entire man       
,godwards4  ,how very necessary it is   
for people to do some thinking regarding
 their religion1 and how very little is 
done4  ,many people think that what is  
good enough for their parents1 is good  
enough for them in religion4 ,but this  
is the only department of life to which 

this idea is attached4 ,these people    
make no enquiries1 they conform to      
certain formularies and rules of        
conduct1 they have prejudices and great 
limitations4  ,the fruit of this is an  
extraordinary haziness existing in men's
 minds regarding religion4  ,here a     
purely moral life is deemed the same    
thing as a life built upon faith in     
,christ4  ,or compare the emphasis put  
upon ethical duties directed towards    
one's neighbour 7e4g4 he is a good      
husband and pays his debts72 when little
 or no account is taken of the          
obligations due to ,god 7such as        
,christian worship or the sinfulness of 
profanity74  ,or again1 people put their
 trust in the reception of the          
sacraments without clear ideas as to the
 necessary dispositions for the proper  
receiving of the sacraments1 a tendency 
to treat them as charms4  ,there are    
difficulties connected with our faith1  
such as the problems of pain and        
suffering1 or inequality of opportunity1

 the prosperity of the ungodly1 which   
require much thought4  ,besides all this
 the trust which men repose in ,god1 not
 only in their everyday affairs1 but    
also in those crises that happen from   
time to time1 is strengthened immensely 
when the intellect contributes its      
support1 when man knows he is passing   
through a desolating experience1 but    
knows also that many others have passed 
through the like upheld in the darkness 
by faith4 ,every ,churchman should make 
an effort to bring his intellect by     
reading and study to the support of his 
faith4  ,and the emotions1 too1 have    
their right place in the development of 
faith4  ,have we not been somewhat      
suspicious of the emotional element in  
religion1 due perhaps to a              
disproportionate and exaggerated use of 
it by some religious bodies8  ,has there
 not been a tendency to suppress the    
emotions because there are emotional    
religious cults almost divorced from    
morality and the intellect8  ,perhaps1  

too1 it has something to do with        
temperament8  ,british people used to be
 little moved by feelings2 lately they  
have changed somewhat4  ,we need the    
vision of ,jesus ,christ1 ,who is the   
revelation of ,god the ,father1 as ,one 
to be supremely loved above all         
others--as ,mary ,magdalene1 as ,st4    
,peter and ,st4 ,john1 loved ,him4  ,it 
would help us in worship if we used     
fewer subjective hymns and more hymns of
 the type of ,s4 ,bernard's1 ,jesu the  
very thought of ,thee1 or ,o ,love1 how 
deep6 how broad1 how high6 if we could  
have some simple litanies of devotion   
bringing to the mind of the worshipper  
the purity1 gentleness1 tenderness1     
patience1 sympathy and meekness of      
,jesus ,christ2 our faith in him would  
become more tender1 warmer1 more        
personal1 and without this our faith    
cannot be complete4   ,,faith ,,must    
,,issue ,,in ,,christ',s ,,system ,,of  
,,morals4  ,a further feature in this   
venture after the knowledge of ,god is  

the moral one4  ,it is only to the pure 
in heart that the vision of ,god will   
become a reality4  ,to believe in ,jesus
 is to accept ,his teaching in the      
sphere of morals quite as much as to    
appropriate ,his promises of present    
pardon and future rewards4  ,in fact the
 promise of pardon is interwoven with   
the condition of doing ,his will1 and   
the heavenly life is held out as a      
reward to those who follow ,his example4
  ,jesus claims the sovereignty over    
man's whole personality4  ,those who    
call ,him ,lord1 ,lord1 must do the     
things ,he says4  ,it is just at this   
point that the world tests the          
,christian faith4  ,the world is        
practical2 it demands not profession1   
but works4  ,it knows that ,jesus       
bequeathed a system of morals to ,his   
followers1 especially in the ,sermon on 
the ,mount2 and1 while it is ignorant of
 the grace ,jesus bestows to enable     
human nature to rise above itself1 yet  
in its rough and ready way it holds     

faith of no value which is not shown in 
fruits4  ,when ,society talks about the 
failure of ,christianity what it usually
 has in mind is the failure of          
,christian people to conform to the     
,christian standard of truthfulness and 
justice1 of honesty and straight        
dealing1 of continence and self-respect2
 being like other people1 lovers of     
money and applause rather than examples 
of that love for their neighbour        
commanded in the ,gospels4  ,the human  
will needs supernatural strength to live
 ,christ's system of morals4  ,god      
demands that the entire personality1    
intellect1 emotion1 will1 should be     
committed to ,him in an all-embracing1  
loving faith4   ,a ,,final ,,personal   
,,word4  ,a few words must be said as to
 the outcome of vital ,christian faith4 
,how will it be recognized or known8    
,we answer by its interest in1 and its  
works on1 behalf of others' good4       
,christian faith must justify itself in 
service4  ,the sphere and the nature of 

that service must be sought from ,him   
,who has drawn the disciple to ,himself4
  ,sometimes it means the taking up of  
the old task in an unselfish way2       
sometimes it will lead to a new         
departure or an additional undertaking2 
sometimes it sends one far off among the
 ,gentiles4  ,it is not so much the kind
 of work that needs the emphasis1 but   
rather the fact that if faith is being  
perfected it falls short of completion  
unless the disciple views all his       
activities1 even the most humble ones1  
as occasions for service for others'    
good4  ,there is need of caution1       
however4  ,we live in a busy age1 and   
activity is nearly idolised4  ,it is not
 that we must always be busy1 but rather
 that what we do is not a mere fad or   
notion taken up enthusiastically and1   
when difficulties present themselves1   
then just as quickly dropped4  ,the     
outcome of faith is a task done for ,god
 on behalf of others1 when toil will    
cheerfully be borne1 drudgery endured1  

trials met with patience1 and--through  
evil report and good report--the work   
continued4     ,v4  ,,prayer  ,by ,the  
,very ,rev4 ,d4 ,t4 ,owen1 ,d4,d41 ,dean
 of ,niagara4   ,i would ask you to     
think with me as simply and directly as 
possible about one of the greatest      
things in the world4  ,it is something  
that we can all do1 for it requires no  
special learning2 it is something which 
we can all do at once1 for it requires1 
from one point of view1 no special      
training2 and it is something1 which if 
we will do1 will bring guidance1 peace  
and power1 into our own lives and into  
the lives of others4  ,what is this     
thing which is so great1 and yet so     
close to hand1 which is so worth while  
doing1 and which we can all do1 and do  
at once8  ,it is prayer4  ,it is just   
saying our prayers4  ,oh6 how humdrum   
and commonplace6 we say1 or ,how        
difficult and discouraging ,i have found
 it2 ,i know ,i should pray1 and ,i make
 resolutions sometimes to that end1 but 

somehow it gets either formal1 or       
crowded out1 or forgotten4  ,yes1 while 
we all know about these difficulties and
 appreciate their strength1 let us think
 this subject out again4   ,,what ,,is  
,,prayer4  ,in the first place let us   
set before us quite clearly this great  
fact4 ,god1 as ,he has been revealed to 
us by ,his ,son1 wishes us to pray to   
,him4  ,prayer--the privilege1 the duty 
and the value of prayer--is part of the 
revelation of ,god4  ,it goes with ,his 
nature1 as that nature has been revealed
 to us4  ,he is the ,god ,who wishes us 
to speak to ,him1 and to take ,him into 
our confidence1--in a word ,he is the   
,god ,who wishes us to treat ,him as    
,father4  ,what is prayer8  ,there is   
,god ready to hear us1 ready to heal and
 guide1 to give rest and peace1 to give 
light and strength1 to help carry our   
cares1 to direct our feet into straight 
paths4  ,and here are we with our great 
needs1 our cares and perplexities4      
,prayer is the point of contact between 

ourselves and that great ,god4  ,indeed1
 we can say more than that1 for when we 
pray we become our true selves4  ,we are
 spirits of ,eternity4  ,for a time we  
live upon this earth having many duties 
to perform1 and many important offices  
to fulfil1--but when we pray1 when we   
praise ,god1 we are performing our      
essential work as spirits4  ,we have    
dropped for the moment the outer        
covering of our lives1 and stand forth  
as being what we really are1--spirits   
who came from ,god1 who are doing a     
certain work for ,god here1 and are to  
return to ,god4  ,the moment of prayer  
is a great moment1 for then it is that  
deep calleth to deep1 and spirit calleth
 to the ,father and ,source of all      
spirits4  ,and so it comes to pass that 
in the moment of prayer it is not merely
 that this man or woman1 called by this 
name or that here on earth1--a workman1 
a business man1 a housekeeper1--but an  
eternal spirit of ,god is calling upon  
the ,author of all ,spirits4  ,such is  

prayer4  ,prayer is that act by which   
man1 conscious alike of his weakness and
 his immortality1 puts himself into real
 and effective communication with the   
,eternal1 the ,self-,existent and the   
,uplifted ,god4#a   ,,why ,,should ,,we 
,,pray4  ,in trying to answer the       
question1 ,what is prayer8 we have1 in  
part1 answered this question also1 but  
it is so important that it must have a  
section to itself4  ,in the first place1
 we should pray in order to make        
acknowledgment of the glory and the     
power of ,god4  ,it is because of what  
,god is ,himself that we have need to   
fall down before ,him in adoration and  
praise4  ,we are inclined to think too  
much of our own needs in relation to    
prayer4 ,indeed when we mention the word
 prayer1 we begin at once to think of   
our needs1 of what we want1 and of what 
other people want4  ,these are          
important1 but these are not first2 and 
until we understand that they take the  
second place in prayer1 and do not      

constitute its chief argument1 we cannot
 realize the real reason for ,christian 
,prayer4  ,the real1 the first reason   
for prayer from the ,christian point of 
view is to glorify ,god1--to praise ,him
 for what ,he is1 and to fall down      
before the greatness of ,his power4  ,we
 have a model prayer which teaches us   
about this4  ,among many other things it
 teaches us the chief reasons for       
prayer4  ,it comes to us full of answers
 to our question1 ,why should we pray8  
,when ye pray1 say1 ,our ,father1 ,which
 art in ,heaven1 ,hallowed be ,thy name1
 ,thy ,kingdom come1 ,thy will be done1 
in earth as it is in heaven4  ,this     
surely means that ,god must be first in 
our prayers4#b ,we are half way through 
the ,lord's ,prayer1 we are more than   
half way through1 before we begin to    
talk about our needs4  ,our ,lord ,jesus
 ,christ has taught us that in prayer we
 are to think first of such things as   
the ,father1 ,heaven1 ,his ,name1 ,his  
,kingdom and ,his ,will1 before we say  

anything of the bread and our other     
needs4  ,yes1 surely the great reason   
for praying is to honour ,god1 to unite 
ourselves with ,his great purposes in   
heaven and earth4  ,again1 ,i would ask 
you to think of this from another point 
of view4 ,one of the great objects of   
life is to know ,god4  ,to know ,god6   
,this sometimes seems a very mystical1  
far away subject1 does it not8  ,it     
belongs1 surely1 to those who have been 
specially endowed1 or to those who have 
the mystical temperament6  ,i do not    
think this is true4  ,i think we grow to
 know ,god as we grow to know our       
friends4  ,and how do we grow to know   
our friends8  ,we speak to them1 we take
 them into our confidence1 we tell them 
of the things that make up our lives1   
and by so doing we grow into friendship4
  ,if we neglect this for long our      
friendship begins to wane4  ,now ,i     
think it is very much the same with our 
relations to our great ,friend4  ,we    
grow in our knowledge of ,him and ,his  

ways1 and in our understanding of ,his  
mind1 just in proportion as it is our   
habit to go into ,his ,presence and to  
take ,him into our confidence about our 
lives4  ,and this is what prayer is4    
,by prayer we grow to know ,god4  ,the  
highest prayer is ,thy ,will be done1   
and we can only come to those heights of
 prayer by praying1--for it is by       
talking to ,god1 looking at ,him1 taking
 ,him into our confidence that we come  
to understand some of ,his ways and     
purposes1 enter into the secret places  
of ,his dwelling1 and thus learn to say1
 ,thy will be done6  ,only they who have
 learnt in the ,school of ,prayer to    
say1 ,father 444 ,hallowed be ,thy name 
can go on to truly say1 ,thy will be    
done4  ,the object of prayer is not to  
bend ,his ,will to ours but to so learn 
of him1 and to so enter into ,his       
,friendship day by day that we can say1 
,thy will be done4  ,but1 of course1 in 
prayer we are meant to ask for things   
for ourselves and for others4  ,what has

 been said above by no means indicates  
the complete reason for praying4  ,no1  
the ,christian prays for things for     
himself and others4  ,it cannot be too  
strongly stated that prayer gets things 
done4  ,ye have not1 says ,st4 ,james1  
because ye ask not4  ,it is the ,will of
 the ,father to give us things in       
response to prayer4  ,our ,lord in the  
model prayer taught us to pray          
definitely for certain things in human  
life4  ,his ,father1 so ,he teaches us1 
is interested in the whole of human     
life1 all its needs1 its cares1 its     
joys1 its perplexities1 its strain1--all
 these can be made the subject of       
intercourse between the ,father and the 
child4  ,the ,father cares about them so
 much that they must find their place in
 our prayers4  ,indeed1 they are so     
important that they must have their own 
place4  ,and their own place is second4 
,so in all our praying let us remember  
it is ,god first1 ourselves second4     
,but we go further than that4  ,it would

 seem as if we were not in a position to
 know our real needs sufficiently well  
to pray about them with intelligence1   
unless first of all we have allowed the 
light that comes from thinking about    
,god1 adoring ,his ,name1 and falling   
down before the majesty of ,his purpose 
and ,his will1 to shine upon our life's 
needs4  ,yes1 we are indeed to pray for 
our varied needs and those of others1   
but we cannot know our real needs unless
 ,god is first in our prayer1 and we    
have prayed1 ,our ,father1 ,hallowed be 
,thy name1 ,thy ,kingdom come1 ,thy will
 be done4#c   ,,how ,,should ,,we       
,,pray8  ,it would seem to be perfectly 
clear from the teaching of the ,bible   
and the ,church1 and from the experience
 of those who really pray1 that men and 
women can live lives of power1 peace1   
and usefulness1 whatever their lot may  
be1 if they would but pray4  ,there it  
is before us4  ,it is the challenge of  
prayer4  ,if you pray1 you can do great 
things for ,god and man4  ,there the    

challenge stands4  ,but1 someone says1  
,i personally have found it very        
difficult to pray1 possibly my gifts lie
 in other directions4  ,this is often   
said as if the speaker thought he were  
unique4  ,he is quite right about one   
thing1--it is difficult to pray1--but he
 is wrong in thinking he is unique4     
,prayer is one of the hardest things to 
do4  ,this is one of the reasons we     
shirk it4  ,do not be surprised if you  
find it hard4  ,it is hard1 someone has 
said1 because it is high4  ,most things 
that are very well worth doing are      
things we find hard1 especially at      
first1 to learn to do4  ,now let these  
facts stand very clear before us4  ,god 
asks us to pray to ,him4  ,of all the   
things we do1 there is nothing that can 
be more worth while doing4  ,if we will 
do it1 we most certainly will grow into 
better and nobler and more useful men   
and women4  ,but we shall find it hard  
to do4  ,now let us be quite clear about
 the problem of the hardness of prayer2 

there is only one thing to do about this
 subject of prayer1 and that is to pray4
  ,the only way to solve the problem of 
praying is by praying4  ,nothing will do
 instead4  ,in spite of the             
difficulties1 in spite of distractions1 
of weariness1 of failure1 of moods1 of  
coldness1--we pray4  ,nothing will do   
instead4  ,nothing else will solve the  
problem4  ,reading books and listening  
to sermons on prayer will not do        
instead4  ,the only way to learn to pray
 is to pray4  ,the people who get things
 done are the people who1 not having the
 time or the inclination often1 in spite
 of these things1--pray4  ,in a word1 we
 have to treat prayer as work1 as part  
of our definite work as ,christians4    
,we know how it is with our work4  ,we  
do it every day4  ,we do it whether we  
feel like doing it or not4  ,we keep on 
doing it day after day1 month after     
month1 year after year4  ,prayer is     
work4 ,we must treat it with the respect
 we give to our work4  ,again1 what a   

mistake it is to wait on the mood4      
,what a mistake to say1 ,i do not feel  
like praying to-day--perhaps to-morrow6 
,our moods come and go4 ,they are very  
fragile things1 rooted sometimes in     
trifling causes4  ,one of the greatest  
mistakes in this connection is to think 
that the effectiveness of our prayers   
depends upon the particular state of our
 feelings at the time4  ,it often       
happens to people who pray that they    
have found the greatest blessings they  
have won for themselves or for others   
have been in times when the heavens were
 brass1 and they had little or no sense 
of reality or warmth in prayer4  ,it is 
said that the difference between the    
professional and the amateur is that the
 amateur depends on the mood1 but the   
professional goes on with his work day  
after day1 paying no attention to a mood
 here and there4  ,we must be1 in this  
sense1 professionals4  ,prayer is part  
of our work as ,christians4  ,let moods 
come or go1 the work must go on1--the   

great work of ,praise1 ,petition1       
,intercession1 ,thanksgiving4  ,again1  
if there is one thing more than another 
that ,our ,lord was clear about in ,his 
teaching concerning prayer1 it is that  
we must be persistent in our prayers4   
,we must pray for an answer4  ,this is  
not to say that we are to pray until we 
receive the answer we wish1 but until we
 receive some light and leading in      
relation to the subject of our prayers4 
,it will not be necessary to do more    
than remind you of the two parables on  
this subject in ,st4 ,luke's ,gospel4   
,there was once a man upon whom there   
came an unexpected traveller one night1 
and he had nothing to set before him4   
,he went to a friend at midnight and    
said1 ,friend1 lend me three loaves1 and
 would not go away until he had received
 the loaves1 but kept on asking and     
seeking and knocking4  ,i say unto you1 
said ,our ,lord1 that though he will not
 rise because he is his friend1 yet     
because of his importunity he will arise

 and give him as many as he needeth4    
,and ,i say unto you1 ask1 and it shall 
be given you2 seek1 and ye shall find2  
knock1 and it shall be opened unto you4 
,and again1 there was in a certain city 
a judge1 which feared not ,god1 and     
regarded not man1 and to him came a     
widow with the persistent plea1 ,avenge 
me of mine adversary4  ,and he would not
 for a while1 but afterward he said     
within himself1 ,though ,i fear not     
,god1 nor regard man2 yet because this  
widow troubleth me1 ,i will avenge her1 
lest by her continual coming she weary  
me4  ,these two parables1 taken with    
,christ's own example in ,gethsemane    
when ,he prayed three times concerning  
the cup1 make it very clear that ,his   
followers1 when they decide this or that
 is a matter for definite prayer1 must  
not leave that petition or intercession 
out of their prayers until they have    
received some answer1 some light or     
leading from the ,god ,who always hears1
 and always answers earnest prayer4     

,and last of all1 in answer to our      
question1 ,how should we pray8 we should
 pray in that name which is above every 
name--the name of the one ,mediator     
between ,god and man1 the ,man ,christ  
,jesus4  ,we have this great name to    
plead4  ,though in our weakness we feel 
unworthy to pray1 though in our         
ignorance we know not how to pray1 and  
though with the best of our prayers     
there is so much that is imperfect1 we  
have in that ,one ,who ever lives to    
make intercession for us1 ,one ,who     
takes our poor and imperfect acts of    
devotion and makes them to be heard in  
the ,presence of the ,divine ,majesty4  
,it is through ,jesus ,christ our ,lord 
we pray4  ,here is our confidence4  ,in 
this realization we find fresh strength 
and hope for the whole work of prayer4  
,his perfect knowledge of our lives and 
of our temptations1 coupled with ,his   
place of ,honour at the right hand of   
the ,father1 gives us great re-assurance
 that our prayers come before that      

,throne with power4  ,having then a     
great high priest1 ,who hath passed into
 the heavens1 ,jesus the ,son of ,god1  
let us hold fast our profession4  ,for  
we have not an high priest which cannot 
be touched with the feeling of our      
infirmities2 but one that hath been in  
all points tempted like as we are1 yet  
without sin4  ,let us1 therefore1 draw  
near with boldness unto the throne of   
grace1 that we may receive mercy1 and   
may find grace to help us in time of    
need4   ,,finding ,,time ,,for ,,prayer4
  ,we are anxious that these articles   
should be very practical1 and that our  
readers may be helped to practise their 
religion more definitely from reading   
them4  ,most of us are very busy people1
 and often it will seem as if there was 
no time for prayer4  ,but we always make
 time to do things we consider          
absolutely essential4  ,prayer is one of
 the absolute essentials of the         
,christian life4  ,you will notice that 
it was during times of unusual pressure 

of duties that we are told that ,our    
,lord found time to pray4  ,it was when 
the people thronged ,him to listen to   
,his words1 and to receive healing and  
comfort for body and soul1 that we read1
 ,and it came to pass in those days1    
that ,he went out into the mountain to  
pray2 and ,he continued all night in    
prayer to ,god4  ,and again it was while
 all the city was gathered at the door  
that in the morning1 a great while      
before day1 ,he rose up and went out1   
and departed into a desert place1 and   
there prayed4  ,he always found time in 
the midst of ,his thronged ministry1    
when many were coming and going1 and ,he
 had no leisure so much as to eat1 to go
 apart to enter into communion with ,his
 ,father4  ,we1 too1 must find time to  
pray4  ,the important thing is not how  
long our prayers are or how short1 but  
that our spirits have come1 if only for 
a moment1 into contact with ,him1 ,who  
is ,himself ,spirit4  ,this is the vital
 thing4  ,this is that which brings rest

 and refreshment to the soul and        
strengthens it in its life on earth4    
,let me repeat1 the great essential is  
to get into touch with ,god1 and to get 
into touch every day4  ,now it would    
seem as if the morning1 first thing in  
the morning1 is the time especially to  
do this8 ,before the distractions of the
 day have dulled the delicate           
perceptions of the spirit1 before the   
noonday sun has absorbed the early dew  
of morning1 is the time to open the door
 of the heart to ,god1 and to lift up   
the hands to ,him4  ,it was in the      
morning1 rising up a great while before 
day1 that the ,son of ,man prayed4  ,so 
it should be the first thing in the day 
with us4  ,it need not be anything      
complicated or involved4  ,indeed1 it   
can be quite simple4  ,perhaps this     
simple suggestion may be found helpful4 
,when we get up in the morning1 we      
remember that it is ,god first4  ,we    
must let the thought of the glory1 the  
power and the goodness of ,god take     

possession of our hearts4  ,we bow      
before ,him1 from ,whom we came and to  
,whom we go1 and say1 ,glory be to the  
,father1 and to the ,son2 and to the    
,holy ,ghost2 as it was in the          
beginning1 is now1 and ever shall be3   
world without end4  ,amen4  ,then a word
 of thanksgiving for sleep and rest1 one
 or both of the ,collects for ,morning  
,prayer1 a little prayer for others1 and
 special needs of the day1 and the      
,lord's ,prayer to end with1 and to sum 
up the whole act4  ,such is the barest  
outline1 but it is something that       
everyone could do1 and could do every   
day4  ,why not8  ,and why not forthwith8
  ,if we are to know ,god1 we must pray4
  ,if we are to become our true selves1 
we must pray4  ,if we are to walk       
bravely and honestly through this life1 
we must pray4  ,if we are to be useful  
to others1 we must pray4  ,and what is  
prayer8  ,it is getting into touch with 
,god1 and getting into touch every day4 
#a ,in further token that it is so we   

find1 apart from ,christian ,revelation 
and experience1 an instinct to prayer   
practically universal among men4  ,this 
natural capacity to pray is one of the  
greatest attributes of human nature4    
,man has ever felt the desire to confer 
with the unseen4  #b ,prayer1 therefore1
 if it is to follow the teaching and    
example of ,christ must rise above the  
thought of making a bargain with ,god4  
7,e4g4 ,if this petition is granted then
 ,i will do this or that74  ,christian  
petitions are offered in absolute trust1
 ,nevertheless not as ,i will but as    
,thou wilt4  #c ,god knows what is best 
for us and wills the best for us4  ,we  
do not pray ,thy will be changed1 but   
,thy will be done4  ,our ,lord ,christ1 
,who had perfect knowledge of ,god1 used
 prayer as one of the greatest forces to
 accomplish ,god's purpose4  ,if we     
withhold prayer we leave unused a force 
,god ,himself calls for in carrying out 
,his purposes among men4     ,,vi4      
,,the ,,holy ,,communion  ,the ,rt4     

,rev4 ,a4 ,j4 ,doull1 ,d4,d41 ,bishop of
 ,kootenay4   ,this volume of theology  
is written for laymen of the ,anglican  
,church1 and it is to them that ,i      
address myself primarily in this        
chapter4 ,there can be no question in   
our minds regarding the importance of   
this subject which we are now about to  
consider2 nor yet of the necessity of   
arriving at a clear understanding       
concerning the truth4  ,we are about to 
tread holy ground1 therefore a reverent 
spirit is needful above all things else4
  ,we are about to investigate1 albeit  
in the briefest manner1 the nature and  
character of that ,sacrament which our  
dying ,saviour left as the bond of      
comradeship between ,his followers and  
,himself1 and between ,his followers    
with one another1 but which historically
 has been the occasion of more strife   
and discord betwixt ,christian people   
than any other institution or fact of   
our holy faith2 therefore we must cast  
aside all prejudice and preconceived    

opinions1 and placing ourselves at the  
feet of ,jesus seek to learn from ,him  
the real truth which ,he alone can      
impart4  ,i believe that ,christ is     
especially anxious to teach us the truth
 to-day after all these centuries of    
strife1 and ,i am convinced that so far 
as the ,anglican ,church is concerned   
that there is a wonderful measure of    
agreement between all her members       
concerning the doctrine of the ,holy    
,communion when they heed the advice of 
our great theologian1 the judicious     
,hooker1 and the more give themselves to
 meditate with silence what we have by  
the ,sacrament and less to dispute of   
the manner how4  ,let us try and        
consider in simple faith and simple     
language what is revealed to us in ,holy
 ,scripture concerning this ,sacrament1 
what truths about it are therefore      
enshrined in the ,book of ,common       
,prayer1 and what it is accordingly that
 all ,anglicans really believe though   
their mode of expressing their common   

faith1 and though their phraseology1 may
 somewhat differ4   ,,instituted ,,by   
,,christ4  ,firstly1 we believe that    
this ,sacrament is of ,supreme          
importance because it was instituted by 
,our ,blessed ,lord and ,saviour ,jesus 
,christ and by ,him commanded to be     
observed and celebrated by ,his ,church 
until ,his coming again4  ,the writers  
of the first three ,gospels give us     
substantially identical accounts of what
 our ,lord said and did in the same     
night that he was betrayed4  ,st4 ,mark1
 whose narrative is probably the oldest1
 tells us that on the first day of      
unleavened bread when they sacrificed   
the ,passover1 in the evening ,jesus and
 the twelve kept this distinctive feast 
of the ,old ,testament dispensation     
according to the accustomed manner4     
,and as they were eating1 he took bread1
 and when he had blessed1 he brake it1  
and gave to them and said1 ,take ye2    
this is my body4  ,and he took a cup1   
and when he had given thanks1 he gave to

 them and they all drank of it4  ,and he
 said unto them3 ,this is my blood of   
the ,covenant which is shed for many4   
7,st4 ,mark ,,xiv4 #bb-bd ,r4,v47  ,st4 
,matthew's account and that of ,st4     
,luke are practically identical4  ,st4  
,john1 whose gospel was written at a    
much later date than those of the       
synoptists1 does not record the         
institution of the ,holy ,communion1 but
 does preserve for us ,our ,blessed     
,lord's wonderful teaching regarding    
,himself as the ,bread of ,life1 which  
has such an important bearing upon a    
clear understanding of the true and     
proper place of this ,sacrament in the  
,spiritual life of ,christians4  7,v4   
,st4 ,john ,,vi474  ,st4 ,paul1 in the  
eleventh chapter of the first epistle to
 the ,corinthians1 writes3 ,for ,i      
received of the ,lord that which also ,i
 delivered unto you how that the ,lord  
,jesus in the night in which he was     
betrayed took bread2 and when he had    
given thanks1 he brake it and said1     

,this is my body which is for you2 this 
do in remembrance of me4 ,in like manner
 also the cup after supper1 saying1     
,this cup is the ,new ,covenant in my   
blood2 this do as oft as ye drink it in 
remembrance of me4  ,the only other     
occasions upon which ,st4 ,paul uses    
similar language to ,for ,i received of 
the ,lord that which also ,i delivered  
unto you1 is with reference to the      
,resurrection of ,our ,blessed ,lord 7#a
 ,cor4 ,,xv4 #c7 and to the essence of  
the ,gospel ,message taught him by the  
revelation of ,jesus ,christ1           
7,galatians #a4 #ab74  ,we may believe  
therefore that ,st4 ,paul in emphasizing
 the sacred importance of the ,holy     
,communion knew himself to be under the 
special guidance of ,christ ,himself4   
,,the ,,central ,,rite ,,of             
,,discipleship4  ,secondly1 we believe  
that from the days of the ,apostles down
 to the present time the ,holy          
,communion has ever been regarded as the
 distinctive act of ,christian ,worship 

and the highest means of ,christian     
grace4  ,it is impossible to go into the
 proof of this statement here but it can
 easily be verified by those ready and  
desirous to investigate4  ,from the very
 earliest times of the ,apostles1 when  
on the first day of the week the        
disciples met together for the breaking 
of the bread1 down to the present time  
,christians have ever regarded the ,holy
 ,communion as the ,central rite of     
discipleship1 the ,sacrament or bond of 
comradeship between ,jesus and ,his     
people1 between ,christ the ,lord and   
those who are members of the ,church    
which is ,his ,body4   ,,the ,,real     
,,spiritual ,,presence4  ,thirdly1 we   
believe in the fact of ,christ's        
presence with us in the ,holy           
,communion4  ,regarding the fact there  
is unity of belief amongst all          
,anglicans1 ,i might go further and say 
amongst all ,christian people4 ,it is   
only when men proceed to define the mode
 that differences arise4  ,some would   

regard his presence as due to a         
,sacramental change in the elements1 or 
to a new relationship established       
between the elements and the ,body and  
,blood of ,christ4  ,others prefer to   
connect it with ,his promise1 ,where two
 or three are gathered together in my   
name there am ,i in the midst of them1  
and to lay stress upon the fact that if 
ever there be an occasion when two or   
three are gathered together in ,christ's
 name it is when in obedience to ,his   
,command they assemble to break the     
bread and bless the cup4  ,this fact of 
the real spiritual presence of ,christ  
in the ,holy ,communion has ever been   
the belief of the ,church ,catholic and 
of the ,anglican ,church as a part      
thereof4  ,bishop ,andrewes in the      
seventeenth century1 writing in reply to
 ,roman ,controversalists1 at a time    
when the ,church in ,england had at     
length settled down after the upheaval  
and conflict of the ,reformation period1
 asserted the belief of the ,anglican   

,church as to the fact but also her     
refusal to dogmatize as to the mode of  
the ,saviour's presence4  ,the ,presence
 we believe no less truly than you to be
 real4  ,concerning the mode of the     
,presence1 we define nothing rashly1    
nor1 ,i add1 do we curiously enquire4   
,true to the teaching and to the ,spirit
 of the early ,church the ,church of    
,england devoutly accepts her ,lord's   
words1 neither attempting to explain    
them or to explain them away1 but       
leaving them where ,he has left them a  
holy mystery not requiring and therefore
 not receiving definition4  ,not as     
attempting to define1 but as a safeguard
 against errors which have at various   
times been prominent in the ,church1    
representative writers of the ,anglican 
,communion have been accustomed to speak
 of ,our ,lord's presence as being at   
once real and spiritual4 ,to understand 
the full significance of this language  
it is necessary that we dismiss forever 
from our minds the idea that there is   

any opposition between that which is    
real and that which is spiritual4  ,on  
the contrary1 we must grasp the fact1   
which all are coming to recognize more  
and more1 that the spiritual is the     
real1 and the real is the spiritual4  ,i
 do not think that it would be possible 
to have this truth concerning the       
,sacramental ,presence of ,our ,lord    
expressed more clearly1 more            
beautifully1 or more truly than it has  
been by ,dr4 ,hall1 the present ,bishop 
of ,vermont1 who says that ,christ's    
presence in the ,baptized is as real as 
,his presence in the ,eucharist1 ,his   
presence in the ,eucharist as spiritual 
as ,his presence in the ,baptized4      
,moreover1 the presence of ,christ in   
the ,eucharist cannot be said to differ 
in kind or in degree from ,his presence 
in and with ,his people at other times  
and in other ,sacramental ordinances1   
but it does differ in purpose4  ,our    
,lord is present with us in the         
,eucharist for certain very definite and

 specific purposes and we must now      
proceed to enquire what those purposes  
are4  ,we shall be on safe ground if we 
say that ,our ,lord as the great ,head  
is present with the members of the      
,church which is ,his ,body to do those 
things which ,he did or commanded to be 
done at the last supper4  ,why then did 
,our ,lord at the ,last ,supper         
institute and ordain the ,sacrament of  
the ,holy ,communion and command it to  
be celebrated and observed by ,his      
,church until ,his coming again8   ,,the
 ,,continual ,,remembrance4  ,it was    
ordained for the continual remembrance  
of the ,sacrifice of the death of       
,christ1 a commemoration of ,our        
,saviour's meritorious ,cross and       
,passion4  ,this commemoration is made  
before ,god1 before ourselves1 before   
the world4  7a7 ,it is a commemoration  
of the ,saviour's death before ,god4    
,the whole service of ,holy ,communion  
as celebrated in the ,church of         
,england1 with the exception of certain 

exhortations and invitations1 consists  
of prayers addressed1 as all prayer must
 be1 to ,god4  ,the most important of   
these prayers is the one which we call  
the prayer of consecration4  ,in this   
prayer the ,celebrant1 as the           
commissioned leader and mouthpiece of   
the ,congregation1 commemorates before  
,god that which ,our ,lord did in the   
upper room as the ,passover feast on the
 same night in which ,he was betrayed4  
,before ,god in this prayer             
commemoration is made of ,his gift of   
,his only begotten ,son to suffer death 
for our redemption1 before ,god         
commemoration is made of that which     
,christ did for us upon the ,cross1     
before ,god the institution of this     
,sacrament of perpetual memory is       
recalled1 before ,god the very acts and 
words of ,our ,saviour ,christ in       
instituting and ordaining this ,holy    
,sacrament are solemnly rehearsed and   
enacted4  ,it is impossible for any     
,priest of the ,church of ,england to   

celebrate the ,holy ,communion1 or for  
any member of the ,church of ,england to
 take part in the celebration of this   
,holy ,sacrament1 without making before 
,god the most solemn commemoration of   
the death of ,christ and ,his all       
sufficient ,sacrifice which it is       
possible for the mind of man to         
conceive4  ,and in so doing we are at   
one with the ,historic ,churches in all 
ages4  ,if it be objected that ,god     
needs no such reminding of what ,christ 
did1 then the objection is equally valid
 against all mention of ,christ's holy  
name in prayer as the ground and basis  
whereby we trust such prayer will be    
accepted and answered by ,god4  ,the    
commemoration before ,god in the        
,eucharist is but the doing in act by   
the whole body of the faithful of that  
which each individual ,christian does   
when he says1 at the close of his       
prayers1 ,grant this for ,jesus         
,christ's sake1 or1 through the merits  
of ,christ ,jesus ,thy ,son ,our ,lord4 

,it is the doing in act1 and by use of  
those very elements and words and       
actions which ,jesus has ,himself       
commanded1 of that which we do when in  
the ,litany we supplicate1 ,by the      
mystery of ,thy ,holy ,incarnation2 by  
,thy ,holy ,nativity and ,circumcision1 
by ,thy ,baptism1 ,fasting1 and         
,temptation1 by ,thine ,agony and       
,bloody ,sweat2 by ,thy ,cross and      
,passion2 by ,thy ,precious ,death and  
,burial2 by ,thy ,glorious ,resurrection
 and ,ascension and by the ,coming of   
the ,holy ,ghost1 ,good ,lord deliver   
us4 ,this aspect of the ,eucharist is   
perfectly expressed in ,canon ,bright's 
well known hymn1 a hymn which by many   
not of ,dr4 ,bright's ,school is        
regarded as their favourite hymn1 and   
which has commended to them the truth of
 the commemoration before ,god1 in a way
 that might not have been possible had  
the same form of words been cast in a   
prose setting4    ,and now1 ,o ,father1 
mindful of the ,love   ,that bought us1 

once for all1 on ,calvary's ,tree1      
,and having with us ,him that pleads    
above   ,we here present1 we here spread
 forth to ,thee   ,that only offering   
perfect in ,thine eyes   ,the one true  
pure1 immortal ,sacrifice4    ,look1    
,father1 look on ,his anointed face     
,and only look on us as found in ,him   
,look not on our misusings of ,thy      
grace1   ,our prayer so languid1 and our
 faith so dim   ,for lo6 between our    
sins and their reward   ,we set the     
,passion of ,thy ,son ,our ,lord4   ,our
 ,blessed ,lord is therefore present as 
the ,head of the ,church which is ,his  
,body1 as the great ,high ,priest to    
enable us in union with ,him to plead   
,his ,sacrifice1 which is the sole      
ground of our approach to and acceptance
 with ,god4  ,in that which has been    
called the ,companion hymn to ,dr4      
,bright's1 part of which ,i have quoted 
just above1 the ,saintly ,bishop        
,bickersteth expressed the same great   
truth from his standpoint as an         

,evangelical ,churchman4    ,o ,holy    
,father1 who in tender love   ,didst    
give ,thine only ,son for us to die1    
,the while ,he pleads at ,thy right hand
 above   ,we in ,one ,spirit now with   
faith draw nigh1   ,and1 as we eat this 
,bread and drink this ,wine1   ,plead   
,his once offered ,sacrifice ,divine4   
7b7 ,but not only is the commemoration  
of the ,lord's death made before ,god1  
it is also made before and amongst      
ourselves4  ,the breaking of the ,bread1
 the blessing of the ,cup with the use  
of ,our ,saviour's words do remind us in
 the most solemn manner of the cost of  
our redemption and the great love       
wherewith ,he loved us and gave ,himself
 for us4  ,the more we ponder ,god's    
amazing love in ,redemption1 the more   
wonderful does it appear and the deeper 
and more ardent becomes our love whereby
 we love ,him who first loved us4       
,perhaps the chiefest essential in the  
,christian life is that we should have a
 living faith in ,god's mercy through   

,christ1 with a thankful remembrance of 
,his death1 and nothing helps us to     
secure this essential so much as the due
 and devout observance of the ,lord's   
,supper ordained by ,our ,blessed       
,master ,himself in the same night in   
which ,he was betrayed and on the very  
eve of ,his tremendous death and        
,sacrifice4  7c7 ,there is a third      
aspect of the commemoration which must  
not be overlooked4  ,the ,eucharist is a
 means of proclaiming or preaching the  
,lord's death before the world until    
,his coming again4  ,for as often as ye 
eat this bread and drink the cup1 ye    
proclaim the ,lord's death till ,he come
 7#a ,corinthians1 ,,xi4 #bf74  ,there  
is not space at my disposal to do more  
than merely call attention to the       
evidential value of the ,holy ,eucharist
 to the truth of ,christianity and to   
the ,gospel history4  ,but its constant 
celebration week by week is a fact1 a   
fact which even the world must take note
 of1 a fact which proclaims as no other 

institution of religion does that ,jesus
 died and rose again4  ,and ,he1 ,who   
has promised to be present where two or 
three are gathered together in ,his     
,name1 ,he1 ,who has pledged ,his       
presence to ,his ,church in the         
proclamation of the ,gospel1 is ever    
mindful of ,his promise when ,his       
followers meet together at ,his table1  
and amongst themselves and before the   
world proclaim and herald the death of  
,him ,who died to be the ,saviour of all
 mankind4   ,,the ,,spiritual ,,food    
,,of ,,his ,,body ,,and ,,blood4  ,the  
,holy ,communion was ordained1 and ,our 
,blessed ,lord is present in that ,holy 
,sacrament1 in order that ,he1 the true 
,bread from ,heaven1 may feed us with   
the ,spiritual food of ,his ,body and   
,blood4  ,in the language of the ,prayer
 ,book itself it is our duty to render  
most humble and hearty thanks to        
,almighty ,god our ,heavenly ,father1   
for that ,he hath given ,his ,son ,our  
,saviour ,jesus ,christ1 not only to die

 for us1 but also to be our ,spiritual  
food and sustenance in 7this7 ,holy     
,sacrament4 ,whilst our ,catechism      
asserts that ,the inward part or thing  
signified in the ,lord's ,supper is the 
body and ,blood of ,christ which are    
verily and indeed taken and received by 
the faithful in the ,lord's ,supper4    
,the seeker after the truth must read   
and compare very carefully the following
 passages of ,holy ,scripture4  ,st4    
,john ,,vi41 the whole ,chapter2 ,st4   
,matthew1 ,,xxvi4 #bf-cj2 ,st4 ,mark    
,,xiv4 #bb-bf2 ,st4 ,luke ,,xxii1       
#ae-ba2 #a ,corinthians ,x4 #ae-bb2 #a  
,corinthians1 ,,xi4 #bc-;end4  ,if this 
be done there will remain no doubt but  
that ,our ,blessed ,lord proclaims      
,himself to be the ,bread of ,life1 the 
food of man's spiritual nature and      
being1 which needs food quite as much as
 his physical and mental nature and     
being2 that ,he ordained the ,holy      
,communion to be the means and channel  
whereby we receive ,his flesh and blood1

 that is ,his very perfect life and     
nature1 according to ,his promise as    
recorded in ,st4 ,john ,,vi4 verses     
#dh-eh2 and that ,st4 ,paul so          
understood its purpose and meaning4     
,realizing that we are moving in the    
realm of the ,spiritual and meditating  
upon the words of the ,incarnate ,god1  
the very truth who can neither deceive  
or be deceived1 we will not ask with the
 unbelieving ,jews how can this man give
 us his flesh to eat1 we will leave all 
questions as to the manner how where    
,christ ,himself has left them1 and with
 a most thankful heart will make the    
words of ,hooker1 the great ,elizabethan
 ,divine1 our own1 ,what these elements 
are in themselves it skilleth not1 it is
 enough that to me which take them they 
are the body and blood of ,christ1 ,his 
promise in witness hereof sufficeth1    
,his word ,he knoweth which way to      
accomplish2 why should any cogitation   
possess the mind of a faithful          
,communicant but this1 ,o ,my ,god thou 

art true1 ,o ,my ,soul1 thou art happy4 
,,the ,,reasonable1 ,,holy ,,and        
,,living ,,sacrifice ,,of               
,,discipleship4  ,there is another      
purpose why ,our ,blessed ,lord is      
present with us in ,holy ,communion4    
,he is present as the ,great ,head of   
the ,church1 in order that we ,his      
members with ,him and in ,him may offer 
ourselves a living ,sacrifice holy1     
acceptable unto ,god1 which is our      
reasonable service 7,romans ,,xii4 #a74 
,we have sadly forgotten the real       
essential meaning of worship4  ,what is 
worship8  ,surely self oblation4  ,it is
 the offering of ourselves1 our bodies1 
souls and spirits1 our talents1 our     
gifts1 all we have and all we are to    
,god for service4  ,but this is just    
what we poor sinners cannot do of       
ourselves1 it if only in ,christ that we
 can give ourselves to serve ,god and   
humanity4  ,and so ,our ,blessed ,lord  
comes to us as the ,head of the ,church 
which is ,his ,body1 the living organism

 in which ,he lives and through which   
,he carries on ,his work4  ,he comes and
 pleads on our behalf the merits of ,his
 atoning death and ,sacrifice once      
offered1 ,he comes and applies to us the
 saving efficacy of ,his atonement1 ,he 
feeds us with ,his ,body and ,blood1    
making us one with ,himself so that ,he 
dwells in us and we dwell in ,him1 so   
that we are one with ,him and ,he one   
with us2 and then1 in ,him1 in union    
with ,his eternal oblation of ,himself1 
,he offers and presents us1 ,his ,body1 
as living ,sacrifices to the eternal    
,father1 and sends us forth to do       
service for ,him and our brethren1 not  
in our own strength and power but in    
,his to whom all power in ,heaven and   
earth has been given4  ,the present era 
in the history of the ,church and the   
world is one which calls for great power
 if ,christ is to be brought to a       
distracted disorganized sin-laden1      
sin-weary world1--and if the world is to
 be brought to ,christ its one and only 

possible helper and ,saviour1 its       
,saviour from present and future evils  
in the age that now is as well as in the
 ages to come4  ,that power is in       
,christ and is made over to ,his        
followers when in simple faith they come
 to ,him in a receptive attitude and    
with the determination to use it4  ,the 
fundamental importance of the ,holy     
,communion is1 that it stands forth     
preeminently as the principal channel   
through which this power is bestowed4   
,may all those who bear ,his name and   
desire to do ,him service realize what  
an inexhaustible treasury of ,divine    
strength and power the ,master has      
provided for us in this ,sacrament of   
,his ,love4  ,just a few words in       
conclusion as to our use of it4  ,it is 
food1 therefore1 it must be received    
frequently and with regularity4  ,it is 
food1 therefore it presupposes life and 
at least a degree of health in those who
 take it4  ,a corpse cannot receive     
food1 the sick have no desire for it4   

,the ,holy ,communion is for those who  
are ,baptized and have received the life
 of the ,risen ,lord4  ,it is for those 
who have been forgiven and who long to  
show their gratitude by becoming strong 
through the assimilation of ,christ the 
,bread of ,life to do ,him service and  
perform ,his will4  ,it is food1        
therefore not a ,spiritual luxury for   
good people1 but the ordinary necessary 
food for us all1 poor weak pardoned     
sinners1 ,god's ,children reconciled in 
,christ1 who are trying to become good  
and to love ,him who first loved us4    
,the realization of our own nothingness 
and the all sufficiency of ,christ is   
the condition of heart and soul         
requisite for a good ,communion4        
,repentance for the fact that it should 
be so with us1 faith that ,he will      
supply all our needs1 because ,he alone 
can and because ,he so wills1 is the    
attitude of those who would really know 
what this ,sacrament was meant to be and
 can be to those who come to ,him as    

sick to the ,physician of ,life1 as     
unclean to the ,fountain of ,mercy1 as  
blind to the ,light of ,eternal         
,splendour1 as needy to the ,lord of    
,heaven and earth1 as naked to the ,king
 of ,glory1 as lost sheep to the ,good  
,shepherd1 as fallen creatures to their 
,creator1 as desolate to the kind       
,comforter1 as miserable to the ,pitier1
 as guilty to the ,bestower of pardon1  
as sinful to the ,justifier1 as hardened
 to the ,infuser of ,grace4     ,,vii4  
,,immortality  ,by ,the ,rev4 ,canon    
,cody1 ,d4,d41 ,,ll4,d41 ,toronto4      
,,if ,a ,,man ,,die ,,shall ,,he ,,live 
,,again8  ,this question is as old as   
the race4  ,men cannot let it alone4    
,it exercises a strange fascination4    
,one generation1 immersed in pleasure or
 in business1 may think that this world 
is quite enough and may push the        
question aside3 but the next generation 
will ask with increased intensity3 ,if a
 man die1 shall he live again8  ,at one 
period of his life a man may care little

 for a question that carries him beyond 
the horizon of the present2 but by and  
by no question comes to him with more   
poignant urgency4  ,the question will   
not rest1 because death will not let us 
alone4  ,as long as death breaks into   
our family circles1 the problem will    
recur4 ,death came with his legions     
during the ,war and compelled a fresh   
answer to his challenge4  ,no one who   
can think or feel is able to look       
unmoved on the face of death3 he must   
ask ,shall he live again8  ,it is       
passing strange that this should remain 
to any degree an open question4  ,why   
have not men reached a decisive answer8 
,as a matter of fact1 the history of    
nations and religions shows that man's  
tendency is to answer ,yes1 he will live
 again4  ,the natural inclination of man
 everywhere is to believe1 not in his   
extinction1 but in his survival4  ,the  
,christian doctrine of immortality      
implies vastly more than the mere       
survival of personality after death4    

,it involves a quality rather than a    
quantity of life4  ,let us first1       
however1 gather the manifold rays of    
light from various quarters that        
illuminate a future life of any kind4   
,some of them may be only candle lights2
 but their combination will reveal a    
trend towards immortality4  ,it will    
appear that it is less difficult to     
believe that a man will live again than 
to believe he will be extinguished by   
death4   ,,what ,,history ,,says4  ,i4  
,a survey of human history discovers    
some candle lights on the problem of    
survival4  ,these lights are certain    
well-established facts4  #a4--;,all     
peoples and tribes1 in all ages and of  
all grades of intelligence have         
conceived a life beyond death4          
,isolated exceptions are so rare that   
they may be accounted for by the loss1  
through degeneration1 of an instinctive 
idea4  ,this belief built the ,pyramids 
of ,egypt1 reared the great ,etruscan   
tombs1 led men to embalm their dead1    

placed food and utensils within the tomb
 for use beyond1 slaughtered the horses 
of the dead warrior and burned the widow
 on the husband's pyre4  ,there is a    
deep-rooted and universal feeling that  
the spirit of man is distinct from1 and 
superior to1 the body1 and survives the 
body4  ,the universal fact of mortality 
has suggested the universal belief in   
immortality4  ,this is all the more     
remarkable in face of the lack of       
immortality in nature4  ,nature presents
 the aspect of an indefinite series of  
things succeeding one another4  ,it     
would seem that the human mind is so    
constructed that it tends in the        
direction of belief in the survival of  
personality4  ,this may be but a candle 
light2 yet it is a light4  #b4--,this   
belief in immortality persists4         
,various fancies and superstitions have 
been outgrown and cast aside in the     
progress of the ages4  ,many conceptions
 of the past have proved unworthy to    
survive4 ,but this belief has a stronger

 grip on the modern world than it ever  
had in the past4  ,while advance in     
knowledge reveals an interdependence of 
soul and body1 it accentuates their     
distinction4  ,to-day progress is       
interpreted to mean the triumph of the  
spirit and is marked by an increasing   
consciousness of the reality of the self
 which knows and wills and feels4  ,a   
belief which thus survives must surely  
have in it something of the vitality of 
truth4  #c4--,this belief develops and  
waxes strong as life itself develops and
 climbs higher4  ,the higher a man is in
 the scale of being1 the wider his      
thoughts1 the deeper his affections1 the
 nobler his life2 the more likely is he 
to believe that the soul lives on4  ,the
 more fleshly1 selfish and materialistic
 is the life1 the harder it is to be    
sure of immortality4  ,thousands may    
live in the slime1 with the beasts1 and 
may not have a steadfast hope in a life 
beyond2 but the great-minded and        
great-hearted men of the race are surest

 of life everlasting4  ,tennyson once   
said to ,bishop ,lightfoot3 ,the        
cardinal point of ,christianity is the  
life after death4  ,tennyson is         
supremely the poet of immortality4 ,it  
is his master thought2 and herein he is 
typical of the greatest minds in human  
history4  ,this belief1 universal and   
persistent1 is most vigorous in the     
hearts of the supreme men of our        
civilization4  #d4--,this belief1       
however vague may be the ideas in its   
context1 exercises a real influence on  
life4  ,it energises men4  ,it nerves   
them to struggle and achieve4  ,it      
enlarges their view4  ,it inspires them 
for vaster enterprises4  ,it enables    
them to do hard things and to persevere 
to the end4   ,,what ,,philosophy       
,,says4  ,,ii4  ,philosophy lights more 
candles on the problem4  ,philosophy    
goes deeper than the statement of facts2
 it gives a theory of the facts2 it     
seeks to find causes1 relations and     
purposes4  #a4  ,the thoughts of the    

normal man are long thoughts4  ,he has  
an instinctive yearning for immortality4
  ,if this instinct is absent1 the man  
is not normal4  ,if this instinct is    
suppressed1 the man's soul is injured4  
,if he does not believe in immortality1 
he will believe in something far less   
credible4  ,it may be continued         
existence in the complex-life of        
humanity2 it may be absorption of       
individual personality in some          
,oversoul4  ,the issue is sorrow of     
heart1 bitterness of soul1 pessimism of 
creed1 ,pessimism is the column of black
 smoke proceeding from the heart in     
which the hope of immortality has been  
burned to ashes4  ,if a man remains     
normal1 he believes in immortality4     
,what is the inference8  ,tennyson has  
drawn it4    ,thou wilt not leave us in 
the dust1   ,thou madest man1 he knows  
not why2   ,he thinks he was not made to
 die2   ,and ,thou hast made him1 ,thou 
are just4   ,a just ,creator will not   
place instinctive longings in ,his      

,creature's soul1 only to betray them4  
#b4--,the affections of the soul are as 
true witnesses as the mind4 ,the heart  
has reasons which the reason cannot     
understand4  ,it is impossible for love 
at its purest and strongest to believe  
that death ends all4  ,love shrinks in  
pain from such a possibility4  ,it      
protests against such a violation of the
 fellowship of heart with heart4  ,the  
longing for reunion is no vain desire1  
awakened only to be mocked4  ,not so can
 things be ordained in a world of order4
  ,the poets are the prophets of the    
heart2 and all the great poets teach    
immortality4  ,the heart1 which ,god    
made1 will not perpetually deceive us4  
,if it were not so1 ,i would have told  
you4  ,the instinct is true4  ,the      
verdict of the spiritual seers of the   
race is favorable4  #c4--,man is        
constituted for an ampler and more      
glorious life than can possibly fall to 
his lot in this world4  ,human powers   
are vast in comparison with human       

opportunities4  ,man is too great to be 
crowded within the narrow limits of     
seventy years4  ,so much to do1 so      
little done were among the last words of
 ,cecil ,rhodes4  ,to develop the latent
 powers we possess1 we have no adequate 
opportunity here4  ,deep in our souls is
 the quenchless desire for a fuller     
expression of our powers4 ,could ,god   
build the human soul with all its       
capacities for the few years of this    
fleeting life on earth8  ,not if there  
is rationality at the heart of the      
universe4  #d4--,this world is an       
insoluble moral enigma1 if there is no  
other world to explain it4              
,inequalities1 injustices1 abominations 
abound4 ,circumstances and character are
 frequently at variance4  ,right has    
often been on the scaffold2 wrong on the
 throne4  ,the whole creation is        
groaning and travailling in pain4  ,this
 world is intolerable1 if there is no   
other4  ,there must be a world in which 
wrong will be righted and justice done4 

,man's conscience whispers that the     
,judge of all the earth will do right2  
but how can ,he do right with all ,his  
creatures1 unless ,he has more time8    
,r4 ,l4 ,stevenson well puts the        
argument3 ,we had needs invent ,heaven1 
if it had not been revealed2 there are  
some things that fall so bitterly ill on
 this side time4  ,unless this world has
 been created from sheer extravagance in
 the infliction of purposeless pain1    
there must be another to justify the    
present process of discipline1 to heal  
the wounds of struggle1 to comfort      
sorrow1 to develop holiness4            
,somewhere1 sometime1 character and     
condition must correspond4   ,,what     
,,science ,,says4  ,,iii4  ,does        
,science throw any light on our problem8
  ,there may not be any absolute        
scientific proof of a life beyond2 but  
,science has no demonstrative evidence  
against it4  ,at least it leaves the    
question open4  ,some go so far as to   
say that the results of modern          

scientific research1 when fairly viewed1
 are favourable to the reception of the 
belief in immortality4  ,a great modern 
physicist says3 ,the death of the body  
does not convey any assurance of the    
soul's death4  ,every physical analogy  
is against such a superficial notion in 
nature4  ,we never see things beginning 
or coming to an end4  ,change is what we
 see1 not origin or termination4  ,death
 is a change1 indeed2 a sort of         
emigration1 a wrenching away from the   
old familiar scenes1 a solemn1          
portentous fact4  ,but it is not        
annihilation4  ,dangers have seemed to  
threaten the doctrine of personal       
immortality from the standpoint of the  
physiologist and the evolutionist2 but  
these dangers have not proved fatal4    
,the physiologist has demonstrated the  
close connection between the brain and  
the soul4  ,it was an easy1 though      
improper1 conclusion to assert that the 
brain secretes thought as the liver     
secretes bile4  ,but the psychologist   

speedily pointed out that the           
physiologist had gone beyond his        
province4  ,he had proved only that     
thought is a function of the brain4     
,functions may be productive or         
transmissive4  ,light as a function of  
the electric circuit represents a       
productive function2 music as a function
 of the organ illustrates a transmissive
 function4  ,the music is not in the    
organ but in the organist4  ,the organ  
transmits it4  ,so1 the brain is but the
 organ of the soul4  ,the evolutionist  
has made men think in immensities and   
has given prime importance to the idea  
of development4  ,but a creature like   
man who is alleged to be the product of 
ages of development is surely not going 
to be extinguished at the tomb4  ,darwin
 himself wrote3 ,it is an intolerable   
thought that men and all other sentient 
beings are doomed to complete           
annihilation after such long-continued  
slow progress4  ,what candles1 then1    
does ,science light up for us8          

#a4--,the conservation of energy and the
 indestructibility of matter imply that 
the natural forces of the world are not 
annihilated1 however much they may be   
transformed4  ,may we not hope that the 
peculiar form of force known as         
personality1 the highest force in the   
world1 will not be destroyed by the     
experience of death8  #b4--,unfit       
organisms perish2 fit survive4  ,many   
beliefs which once formed part of the   
spiritual life of man have perished in  
the lapse of time1 but no belief has    
shown greater vitality and power to     
resist the disintegrating influences of 
changing environment than belief in the 
soul's immortality4  ,if this belief has
 survived when quickened by the most    
awful imaginable strain of the ,great   
,war may we not conclude that it is one 
of those beliefs fit to live1 one of    
those beliefs which the ,creator desires
 to live and grow8  #c4--,whenever we   
find a faculty1 we discover in          
environment something to which this     

faculty corresponds4  ,progress is      
possible only by the constant adaptation
 of faculty to environment4  ,this is   
true of the animal world4  ,is it not   
also true of man8  ,in man are found    
faculties peculiar to himself4  ,there  
is a longing for immortality1 an        
expanding conviction of it4  ,does this 
internal condition correspond to        
reality8 ,yes1 else delusion falls on   
man alone4  ,for1 as a distinguished    
scientist 7,sir ,j4 ,burdon ,sanderson7 
has said1 there is no known instance of 
the development of a capacity without   
the existence of a corresponding        
satisfaction4  #d4--;,if there is one   
increasing purpose through the ages1 if 
there is development from lower to      
higher1 from simple to complex1 it is   
impossible to bound our vision with the 
grave4  ,if personality has been        
attained1 it is incredible that the gain
 of painful ages will be thrown away4   
,now are we the ,sons of ,god1 and it   
doth not yet appear what we shall be4   

,the forward-looking habit has not been 
acquired for naught4  ,so far is        
,science from giving demonstrative      
evidence against immortality that it    
actually presents some considerations in
 its favour4  ,the reasonableness and   
the beneficence of creation protest     
against the extinction of men by death4 
,,what ,,christ ,,says4  ,the           
candle-lights of history1 philosophy and
 science cast a cumulative radiance upon
 the problem of life after death4  ,they
 show that it is harder not to believe  
than to believe in immortality4  ,but we
 need the light of the ,sun4  ,we need  
the demonstration of the power of an    
endless life4  ,this we have in the     
,risen ,christ4  ,christ brought into   
perfect light those truths about ,god   
and man1 of which mankind had dim       
intuitions4  ,by ,his ,resurrection     
,christ abolished death 7i4e41 deprived 
it of force and power7 and brought life 
and immortality to light 7i4e41 gives   
certainty1 richness and power to the    

hope of immortal life74  #a4--;,christ  
has given certainty to the instinctive  
longing for immortality4  ,for the      
shadow1 ,he has given substance2 for    
dimness1 light2 for hope1 assurance4    
,although this hope has been virtually  
universal and inextinguishable1 yet     
apart from ,christ it has never become a
 certainty4  ,though historian1         
philosopher1 poet1 lover and saint have 
their own special arguments for the     
,hereafter1 it is ,christ ,himself ,who 
is the sure ,light both of this world   
and of that which is to come4  ,he has  
turned this hope into a full and        
glorious assurance4   ,,how ,,has ,,he  
,,done ,,this8  7a7 ,by ,his            
teaching4--,two things about mankind    
,christ took for granted--sinfulness and
 immortality4  ,he did not argue about  
this life beyond2 ,he took it for       
granted4  ,no part of ,his teaching is  
explicable on the supposition that all  
ends at the tomb4  ,his basis for our   
immortality is not our instinct but the 

character of ,god4  ,on the bosom of    
,god's ,fatherhood rests man's          
immortality4  ,if ,god is our ,father   
and loves us as ,his children1 then we  
are ,his and ,he is ours forever4 ,death
 cannot break this tie of life and love 
which binds us to ,him2 it cannot rob   
,him of ,his child4  ,that ,god cannot  
be the ,god of the dead1 but of the     
living1 is axiomatic4  ,his personal    
relations are real and are eternal4     
,the ,christian faith is sufficient to  
give us certainty and comfort concerning
 our departed4  ,we are assured that the
 blessed dead are in ,his safe keeping  
and through ,him we are one with them in
 a union which will one day be          
consummated in everlasting reunion and  
communion4  ,our ,christian watchwords  
are enough--love in absence1 trust in   
silence1 faith in reunion4   7b7 ,by    
,his ,life4--,to the eye that can see1  
,his life is the supreme argument for   
immortality4  ,he lived such a life of  
fellowship with ,god and so near to the 

frontier of eternity that the glory of  
it shone upon and from ,his face4  ,the 
longing for a life higher than the life 
of time is answered in ,his life4  ,such
 a life could not be holden by death4   
,it is eternal4  ,it has the quality now
 and always of everlastingness4  7c7 ,by
 ,his ,resurrection4--,he confirmed the 
truth of what ,he taught1 and lived1 by 
what ,he did4  ,he rose again1          
transformed1 not merely resuscitated4   
,he irradiated the spiritual land4  ,it 
is no longer an undiscovered country    
from whose bourne no traveller returns4 
,the empty tomb1 the cumulative evidence
 of independent witnesses1 the          
transformation in the lives of          
believers1 the institutions of the      
,christian ,church1 its continued       
existence1 the personal experience of   
the power of a rising life in individual
 ,christians throughout the ages to the 
present time--are the attestations of   
the truth of the ,resurrection4  ,the   
,christian ,church is built and still   

rests on the fact1 luminous and         
sovereign1 that ,christ rose from the   
grave in fulness and newness of power4  
,to the life beyond1 ,christ's          
resurrection gives reality and humanity 
and assurance4  ,it confirmed men's     
subjective aspirations1 it changed them 
into things most surely believed4  ,it  
makes every ,christian certain of a     
higher life beyond the grave4  #b4      
,christ has enriched the whole          
conception of immortality4  ,in the     
ancient1 as in the savage world to-day1 
immortality or the continued duration of
 life1 was a dreary prospect1 a sense of
 desolation rather than a source of joy1
 an impoverishment of life1 not an      
enrichment of it2 its scene was a       
shadowy realm of silence1 where there is
 no voice of praise nor human warmth and
 cheer4  ,in some passages in the ,old  
,testament we find a loftier and clearer
 utterance4  ,through his faith in ,god1
 ,job reached the idea that death may   
not be the final word4  ,the righteous  

,god would not abandon a righteous man4 
,in revealed religion this faith in a   
life beyond the grave rested not on any 
conceptions of man's nature1 but on the 
character of ,god1 the ,eternal         
,righteousness4 ,if he has called men   
into fellowship with ,him1 ,his faith is
 pledged to them4  ,the ,psalmists won  
their sense of eternal security through 
their present fellowship with ,god4     
,along this line of religious experience
 of a living1 holy and gracious ,god1   
the true hope of immortality entered the
 world4  ,just as union with ,god       
guaranteed to the ,psalmist a life that 
would never end1 so union with the      
,risen ,saviour guarantees to the       
,christian triumph over death4  ,christ 
has filled this elementary thought of   
continued existence with moral content1 
because ,he has based it on a true      
conception of ,god4  ,the ,christian    
hope is not merely immortality of the   
soul but eternal life2 and eternal life 
is not merely an infinite prolongation  

of existence in a future state of being2
 but is life at its highest and best1   
the life of fellowship1 of vision1 of   
growing likeness to ,god1 of ample      
service4  ,it is life in ,christ4  ,it  
is being with ,christ1 which is very far
 better than earthly life at its        
worthiest4  ,it is not the mere         
translation1 but the transformation of  
earthly values4  ,this faith in         
immortality is moral and spiritual2 it  
implies enriched and elevated being1 as 
worthy and glorious as it is endless4   
#c4--;,christ has so increased the power
 of immortality1 of the ,christian      
,hope1 as almost to make it for the     
first time effective as a source of     
courage1 hope and consolation4  ,he has 
turned the hope of immortality into the 
,power of ,his ,resurrection4  ,all     
hopes exercise some influence on those  
who hold them2 yet apart from ,christ   
the hope of immortality has been less   
effective than we might expect4  ,by    
,his ,resurrection ,christ has raised   

this yearning hope into a mighty present
 power brought to bear on humanity4     
,the ,christian hope of immortality1    
certain and rich in the possession of   
abundant life1 gives breadth and outlook
 to all human efforts4  ,it inspires    
duty4  ,brought to bear on our work1 it 
makes effort worth while4  ,if all we   
have striven to do and yet failed to do 
is to be perfected in the eternal       
morning1 we can face our tasks with     
fresh courage4  ,all social             
reconstructions that deny or neglect the
 ,christian thought of an endless life  
fail here4 ,their scope is too limited2 
their outlook too narrow4  ,the         
,christian hope brings the power of     
endurance and victory to sorrowing      
hearts4 ,death is not a leap in the     
dark1 but the passing into a larger1    
brighter room in the ,house of the ,one 
,father4  ,in short1 when this hope of  
immortality is tested by life1 it is    
verified by the loftiness of the        
character it builds4  ,the rising life  

is the present demonstration of the     
risen life4  ,all low1 worldly1         
unspiritual living tends to doubt in it4
  ,if we would escape from doubt about  
the future1 let us through the ,living  
,christ make life larger now4  ,if we   
would overcome weakening uncertainty1   
let us daily practice immortality4  ,if 
we set our affections on things above1  
our rising life will assure us that we  
shall live forever4  ,one of            
,gladstone's great exhortations was3 ,be
 inspired with the belief that life is a
 great and noble calling2 not a mean and
 grovelling thing1 that we are to       
shuffle through as we can1 but an       
elevated and lofty destiny4  ,this      
belief is created and can be maintained 
only by viewing life in relation to ,god
 and immortality4  ,every man should    
therefore put the question to himself3  
,if ,i die1 shall ,i live again8  ,what 
kind of life am ,i living now8  ,is it  
life eternal1 or life merely temporal8  
,is it a friendship with ,god which     

death can never extinguish8  ,only ,one 
,life has ever won open victory over    
death4  ,only one kind of life ever can 
win it--that kind of life which was in  
,christ1 which is in ,christ1 which ,he 
shares with all whom faith makes one    
with ,him4  ,in the midst of life we are
 in death such is the cry of bereaved   
and dying humanity4  ,but in ,christ we 
are able to say3 in the midst of death1 
we are in life4  ,god has given us      
eternal life1 and that life is in ,his  
,son4  ,can death touch that life8      
,never4     ,t4 ,h4 ,,best ,,printing   
,,co4 ,,limited1 ,,toronto       ,,the  
,,layman',s ,,library ,,of ,,practical  
,,religion   ,future ,volumes  ,volume  
,,ii4  ,lent #aibc4  ,god4     ,i4  ,the
 ,god ,shown us by ,jesus ,christ4  ,by 
the ,rt4 ,rev4 ,j4        ,c4 ,farthing1
 ,d4,d41 ,d4,c4,l41 ,bishop of          
,montreal4    ,,ii4  ,god and ,you4  ,by
 the ,rt4 ,rev4 ,j4 ,a4 ,richardson1    
,d4,d41        ,d4 ,c4 ,l41 ,bishop of  
,fredericton4   ,,iii4  ,god and        

,evolution4  ,by the ,very ,rev4 ,j4 ,p4
 ,d4 ,llwyd1        ,d4,d41 ,d4,c4,l41  
,dean of ,nova ,scotia4    ,,iv4  ,god  
in the ,old ,testament4  ,by ,prof4 ,f4 
,h4 ,cosgrave1 ,b4,d41        ,trinity  
,college1 ,toronto1     ,v4  ,the ,holy 
,trinity4  ,by the ,rev4 ,dr4 ,w4 ,w4   
,craig1        ,vancouver4    ,,vi4     
,the ,holy ,spirit4  ,by ,rev4 ,prof4   
,e4 ,a4 ,mc,intyre1 ,wycliffe           
,college1 ,toronto4   ,,vii4  ,god in   
,regard to ,pain and ,affliction4  ,by  
,rev4 ,e4 ,f4        ,salmon1 ,ottawa4  
,volume ,,iii4  ,advent #aibc4  ,jesus  
,christ4     ,i4  ,the ,messiah4  ,by   
,rev4 ,h4 ,r4 ,stevenson1 ,m4,a41       
,montreal4    ,,ii4  ,jesus ,christ as  
the ,world's ,moral ,miracle4  ,by the  
,rt4        ,rev4 ,david ,williams1     
,d4,d41 ,,ll4,d41 ,bishop of ,huron4    
,,iii4  ,jesus ,christ compared with    
other ,masters1 ,buddha1 etc4        ,by
 ,rev4 ,dr4 ,r4 ,c4 ,johnstone1         
,winnipeg4    ,,iv4  ,jesus ,christ the 
,son of ,god4  ,by ,rev4 ,dr4 ,dyson    

,hague1        ,toronto4     ,v4  ,jesus
 ,christ the ,saviour of the ,world4    
,by ,rev4 ,f4 ,h4        ,brewin1       
,m4,a41 ,toronto4    ,,vi4  ,jesus      
,christ and ,you--,his practical methods
 for you to        live by4  ,by the    
,ven4 ,archdeacon ,mc,elheran1 ,m4,a41  
,winnipeg4   ,,vii4  ,the ,virgin       
,birth4  ,by the ,rt4 ,rev4 ,j4 ,c4     
,roper1 ,,ll4,d41        ,d4,d41        
,ottawa4   ,volume ,,iv4  ,lent #aibd4  
,the ,bible4     ,i4  ,how the ,old     
,testament was written4  ,by the ,ven4  
,archdeacon ,paterson-,smyth1 ,d4,d41   
,d4,litt41 ,montreal4    ,,ii4  ,how the
 ,new ,testament was written4  ,by the  
,ven4        ,archdeacon                
,paterson-,smyth1 ,d4,d41 ,d4,litt41    
,montreal4   ,,iii4  ,how the ,bible    
came down to us4  ,by the ,ven4         
,archdeacon        ,paterson-,smyth1    
,d4,d41 ,d4,litt41 ,montreal4    ,,iv4  
,the ,miracles of the ,new ,testament4  
,by the ,rt4 ,rev4 ,e4 ,j4              
,bidwell1 ,d4,d41 ,d4,c4,l41 ,bishop of 

,ontario4     ,v4  ,the ,messages of the
 ,four ,gospels4  ,by ,rev4 ,h4 ,h4     
,bedford-,jones1 ,m4,a4    ,,vi4  ,the  
,messages of the ,acts1 ,epistles1 and  
,apocalypse4   ,,vii4  ,two methods of  
reading the ,bible1 the daily and the   
weekly4  ,by the ,rt4 ,rev4 ,j4 ,f4     
,sweeney1 ,d4,d41 ,d4,c4,l41            
,bishop of ,toronto4   ,other volumes   
will follow on such subjects as ,prayer1
 ,holy ,communion1 ,the ,prayer ,book1  
,baptism and ,confirmation1 ,missions1  
etc4