,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,e ef=t has be5    
made to replicate ?is text z fai?fully z
 possible1 includ+ obsolete & v>iant    
spell+s & o!r inconsi/5cies4 ,text t has
 be5 *ang$ to correct an obvi\s error is
 not$ at ! end ( ?is ebook4     ,,?\ghts
  ,,on  ,,! ,,religi\s ,,in/ruction  ,,(
  ,,! ,,negroes ,,( ,,?is ,,c\ntry4     
,,by ,,wm4 ,s4 ,,plum]1 ,d4,d4          
,,savannah3  ,,edw>d ,j4 ,,purse1       
,,pr9t]1  ,no4 #ajb ,bryan-,/reet--,up  
,/airs4  #ahdh4     ,_m c5turies ago1 a 
holy se] said1 ,e?iopia %all soon /ret* 
out h] h& unto ,god4 ,9 view ( !        
fulfilm5t ( ?is prophecy1 ! royal b>d   
call$ = a song ( univ]sal praise4 ,!    
words next succe$+ ?is pr$iction are1   
,s+ unto ,god1 ye k+doms ( ! e>?3 ,o s+ 
praises unto ! ,"l4 ,! writ+s ( ,j]emiah
 in=m u :o ! ,e?iopians 71 :5 he speaks 
( !m z contra-di/+ui%$ f ! re/ ( ! race 
by _! col\r1 z ! leop>d is f ! re/ ( !  
fel9e tribe by 8 spots4  ,! fir/ /ep 9 !
 provid5ce ( ,god t[>ds an amelioration 
( ! spiritual condition ( ! negro race 0

 _! disp]sion among o!r races ( mank9d4 
,?is "w1 bo? cruel & bloody1 _h n be5   
complet$1 :5 ,*ri/ian philan?ropy1 ev]  
vigilant1 s\ght !m out 9 bondage1 & bore
 to !m ! cup ( div9e consolation1 :i* ! 
gospel (f]s to all1 & especially to !   
sons ( sorr[4 ,z e>ly z ! ye> #agcb1 !  
,unit$ ,bre?r5 comm5c$ missions to !    
negroes 9 ! ,dani% ,we/ ,indies1 viz41  
,/4 ,?omas1 ,/4 ,croix1 & ,/4 ,jan4 ,9  
#aged !y began _! lab\rs 9 ,jamaica3 9  
#agef 9 ,antigua3 9 #agfe 9 ,b>badoes3 9
 #agge 9 ,/4 ,kitts3 9 #agij 9 ,tobago4 
,9 #agce !y began _! lab\rs among ! free
 negroes ( ,sur9am1 & 9 #agcf !y comm5c$
 a mission 9 ,s\? ,africa4 ,! same zeal 
l$ ! same p to lab\r among/ ! slaves at 
& ne> ,p>am>ibo4 ,"o mission 0 at       
,p>am>ibo & "o at ,sommelsdyke4  ,!     
difficulty ( e/abli%+ ! fir/ missions   
among ! negroes c sc>cely n[ be         
conceiv$4 ,?is difficulty 0 nei!r bl9dly
 contemn$1 nor timidly fe>$4 ,) a zeal  
:i* ,*ri/ kn[s h[ to rew>d1 two ( !     
,bre?r5 at ,h]nhut? (f]$ to sell        

!mselves z slaves1 %\ld !y f9d no o!r   
way ( obta9+ an opportunity ( in/ruct+ !
 negroes4 ,9 almo/ e in/ance "s ignorant
 or vici\sly dispos$ p]sons *ose to     
misund]/& & misrepres5t ! object &      
t5d5cy ( ?is mission>y lab\r2 & ?us at  
fir/ opposition 0 frequ5tly viol5t4 ,b 9
 e case ?is ho/ility 0 f\nd to be       
unreasonable & di$ away4 ,?us 9 ,/4     
,?omas ?r\gh ! bitt]ness ( "s1 ( :om    
bett] ?+s might h be5 expect$1 !        
mission>ies 7 at "o "t imprison$ =      
fifte5 weeks2 b soon aft] ! gov]nor &   
mo/ ( ! plant]s on ! isl& 7 conv9c$1 by 
exp]i5ce1 t ! in/ruction ( ! negroes 9 !
 pr9ciples ( religion1 in/ead ( impair+1
 promot$ ! int]e/s ( _! ma/]s2 & !re=e  
!y 7 pleas$ to see _! slaves att5d on ! 
prea*+ ( ! gospel4 ,?us also 9 ,/4      
,croix1 :5 a dang]\s plot 0 discov]$    
among ! slaves1 :o _h b\nd !mselves to  
murd] all ! :ite p on ! isl& 9 "o night1
 c]ta9 malici\s p]sons report$1 t "s ( !
 negroes baptis$ by ! mission>ies 7     
conc]n$ 9 ?is conspiracy2 b _! ignorance

 0 soon v9dicat$ by ! crim9als !mselves4
 ,z long z ! di/urbances la/$1 ! ,bre?r5
 by ! gov]nor's advice1 omitt$ ! l>ge   
meet+s ( ! negroes2 & :5 he au?oriz$ !m 
to beg9 !m aga91 he & "s o!r g5tlem5 7  
pres5t & enc\rag$ ! negroes 9 _!        
att5dance4 ,on ano!r occasion :5 an ord]
 0 issu$ t no negro %\ld be se5 on !    
/reets or roads aft] sev5 o'clock 9 !   
ev5+1 he made a regulation t su* negroes
 z _h att5d$ ! meet+s ( ! ,bre?r51 &    
c\ld produce a c]tificate to t effect1  
sign$ by _! tea*]1 %\ld pass unmole/$ by
 ! wat*4 ,su* 0 ! confid5ce ! gov]nor   
plac$ 9 ! mission>ies1 & ! slaves "u _! 
c>e4  ,inde$ x has inv>iably occurr$ 9 !
 missions to ^! p t ! plant]s h p]ceiv$ 
! good effects ( _! lab\rs on ! slaves1 
& f\nd x 9 e respect be/ to h ! gospel  
prea*$ ^u _! e/ates4 ,:ile on ?is g5]al 
subject1 x may be prop] to ass]t :at    
none w or c ) tru? d5y1 viz41 t no class
 ( negroes well in/ruct$ 9 ,*ri/ianity1 
& connect$ ) *ur*es "u ! c>e ( :ite     
pa/ors1 h ev] be5 engag$ 9 any          

insurrection>y di/urbances4 ,?us ! poor1
 mis]able fanatic1 :o a few ye>s ago    
head$ a b& ( drunk5 murd]]s 9 "o ( !    
c\nties ( ,virg9ia1 0 n himself a memb] 
( any ,*ri/ian *ur*2 nor _h he any      
foll[] :o _h ev] receiv$ s\nd &         
sy/ematic religi\s in/ruction2 or 0     
connect$ ) any *ur* hav+ a :ite man = a 
pa/or or tea*]4 ,s also 9 ref]5ce to !  
plot ( #ahbb 9 ,*>le/on1 ,s4,c41 !      
col\r$ memb]s ( ! ,me?odi/ ,episcopal   
,*ur* 7 by report accus$ ( "s           
p>ticipation4 ,b ! ,hon4 ,*>les         
,coteswor? ,p9ckney1 ,lieut5ant ,gov]nor
 ( ! ,/ate1 & himself n a ,me?odi/1 9 8 
address be=e ! ,agricultural ,society ( 
,s\? ,c>ol9a1 says2 ,on inve/igation x  
appe>$ t all conc]n$ 9 t transaction1   
except "o1 _h sec$$ f ! regul> ,me?odi/ 
,*ur* 9 #ahag1 & =m$ a sep>ate          
e/abli%m5t1 9 connection ) ! ,african   
,me?odi/ ,society 9 ,philadelphia2 ^:   
,bi%op1 a col\r$ man1 nam$ ,all51 _h    
assum$ t (fice be+ himself a sec$] f !  
,me?odi/ ,*ur* ( ,p5nsylvania4 ,at ?is  

p]iod1 ,mr4 ,s4 ,bryan1 ! local m9i/] ( 
! regul> ,me?odi/ ,*ur* ( ,*>le/on1 0 s 
appreh5sive ( s9i/] designs1 t he       
address$ a lett] to ! ,city ,c\ncil1 on 
file 9 ! ,c\ncil ,*amb]1 dat$ #h?       
,novemb]1 #ahag1 /at+ at l5g? ! reasons 
( 8 suspicion4  ,9 pro( ( ! importance (
 ,*ri/ianiz+ ! negroes1 ev5 9 a         
political po9t ( view1 x is n unwor?y ( 
notice1 t soon aft] ! comm5cem5t ( ! w> 
betwe5 ,engl& & ,france dur+ ! la/ qu>t]
 ( ! la/ c5tury1 ! gov]nor ( ,tortola   
receiv$ in=mation1 t ! ,fr5* inhabitants
 ( ,guadal\pe m$itat$ a desc5t on !     
isl&4 ,he imm$iately s5t = ,mr4 ,turn]1 
! sup]9t5dant ( ! ,me?odi/ ,missions 9  
,tortola & ! o!r ,virg9 ,isl&s1 & hav+  
in=m$ him ( ?is report1 add$ t !re 0 no 
regul> =ce 9 ! colony to def5d x aga9/ !
 enemy1 & t !y 7 afraid to arm ! negroes
 unless he w\ld put himself at ! head ( 
!m4 ,mr4 ,turn] 0 s5sible t su* a /ep 0 
n prop]ly )9 ! l9e ( ! m9i/]ial (fice2 b
 consid]+ t ! ,isl& 0 9 imm95t dang]1 t 
if x 7 conqu]$ by ! ,fr5*1 ! religi\s   

privileges ( ! negroes w\ld probably be 
lo/1 & t ! w> on _! "p 0 purely         
def5sive1 he cons5t$ to ! gov]nor's     
reque/1 & 0 accord+ly arm$ ) ! negroes4 
,ab\t a =tnight aft]1 a ,fr5* squadron  
made its appe>ance 9 ! bay2 b be+ in=m$1
 x is suppos$ by "s emiss>ies1 ( ! arm$ 
=ce on ! ,isl&1 x ab&on$ its design &   
retir$4 ,soon aft] ?is ! ,gov]nor-g5]al 
( ! ,leew>d ,isl&s s5t an ord] to !     
,me?odi/ ,mission>ies to make a return (
 all ! negroes 9 _! societies :o 7 able 
to c>ry arms4 ,! return 0 accord+ly     
made2 & a great "p if n ! :ole ( !m 7   
arm$ = ! def5ce ( ! sev]al ,isl&s4 ,su* 
0 ! confid5ce ! ,gov]nor-g5]al _h 9 !   
loyalty ( ! mission>ies & _! flocks4    
,let ^! facts suffice1 especially z !re 
are none on ! o!r side1 respect+ !      
safety ( tea*+ ! negroes to "k & love   
,god4  ,ano!r great difficulty1 :i* !   
,bre?r5 met 9 _! missions among !       
negroes 0 ! unheal?9ess ( ! climate4    
,?us _m ( !m sc>cely arriv$ on ! isl&s1 
:5 !y 7 attack$ by diseases1 :i* 9 a    

%ort "t put a p]iod to _! lab\rs & _!   
lives4 ,?us f ! comm5cem5t ( ! mission 9
 ! ,dani% ,isl&s 9 #agcb to ! ye> #agff 
7or 9 ?irty-f\r ye>s7 no few] ?an       
sixty-six ,bre?r5 & ,si/]s di$ 9 ,/4    
,?omas1 ,/4 ,croix & ,/4 ,jan4 ,b ?\gh !
 mortality 0 s great1 x is surpris+ )   
:at *e]fulness o!rs came =w>d to fill ! 
ranks ( ^?1 :o _h s prematurely fall54  
,bi%op ,spang5burg in=ms u1 t on "o     
occasion :5 x 0 made kn[n to !          
congregation at ,be?lehem 9             
,p5nsylvania1 t five p]sons _h di$ )9 a 
%ort "t on ! ,isl& ( ,/4 ,?omas1 no few]
 ?an eight ,bre?r5 volunt>ily (f]$1 t v 
day1 to g ?i!r & replace !m4 ,disease & 
dea? z !y did n di%e>t5 !m1 s nei!r     
ought !y to di%e>t5 u 9 ?is "w1 ev5 if  
!y />$ u 9 ! face4  ,! ,bre?r5 _h (t5   
great difficulties1 ) reg>d to !        
m>riages ( slaves1 ev5 aft] _! baptism4 
,:5 a plant] 9 ! ,we/ ,indies1 =        
in/ance1 di$ 9 debt1 8 slaves & o!r     
prop]ty 7 sold at auction2 & 9 ^! cases1
 "p ( ! negroes 7 frequ5tly pur*as$ by  

proprietors f o!r isl&s1 by :i* means x 
n only (t5 happ5$ t p>5ts & *ildr51 b   
husb&s & wives 7 =ev] p>t$ f ea* o!r4   
,h[ to act 9 su* circum/ances1 ! ,bre?r5
 7 at fir/ q at a loss1 & !y appe> = "s 
"t to h prohibit$ ! conv]ts f contract+ 
ano!r m>riage1 appreh5d+ ?is to be      
inconsi/5t ) ! pr9ciples ( ,*ri/ianity4 
,n[1 h[ev]1 ?\gh !y d n advise1 yet     
nei!r d !y h9d] a regul> m>riage ) ano!r
 p]son1 especially if a family ( *ildr51
 or o!r circum/ances1 seem to r5d] a    
helpmate necess>y4  ,! c\rse ( ! ,engli%
 ,bapti/ ,mission>ies 9 ! ea/1 on ! same
 subject1 may prop]ly be "h /at$4 ,among
 ! trials :i* _! conv]ts _h to endure1  
_! situation 9 respect to m>riage 0 n ! 
lea/ consid]able4 ,9 "s cases ! conv]ts 
7 oblig$ at ! "t ( _! conv]sion to =sake
 _! homes1 _! fri5ds1 & ev5 ! wife ( _! 
bosom1 nor w\ld %e aft]w>ds h any       
correspond5ce ) !m1 or if will+ h]self  
%e 0 =cibly prev5t$ by h] relations4 ,by
 ?is means !y 7 to all int5ts & purposes
 r$uc$ to a /ate ( wid[hood1 & 7 9 no   

small dang] ( fall+ into s94 ,x !re=e   
became a "q among ! ,mission>ies1 :e!r x
 0 n lawful = a p]son 9 su* circum/ances
 to m>ry a second wife1 :ile ! fir/ 0   
/ill liv+1 aft] he _h 9 va9 employ$ all 
possible means to induce h] to return to
 him & n be+ able to recov] h]1 _h tak5 
"s public & solemn measures to acquit   
himself ( ! blame4 ,?is "q !y at l5g?   
resolv$ 9 ! affirmative4 ,a decision    
involv+ ! same pr9ciples1 z ^? ref]r$ to
 9 ! case ( ! removal or e/rangem5t ( a 
husb& or wife 0 _h 9 ! ,synod ( ,nor?   
,c>ol9a at its sessions at ,salisbury 9 
! ye> #ahbg1 :]eby x 0 decl>$ t ! wife (
 a memb] ( ! *ur* be+ sold to ! f>      
s\?-we/1 & hav+ h]self m>ri$ aga91 !    
husb& 0 at lib]ty to m>ry aga94         
,not)/&+ ! difficulties be=e /at$ & _m  
simil> ones1 ! ,great ,head ( ! ,*ur*   
greatly bless$ ! lab\rs ( ! ,bre?r52 s t
 9 #ahcc !y _h 9 ! ,dani% ,isl&s #g     
settlem5ts ) #cf mission>ies1 & #idce   
negroes1 ( :om ab\t #djjj 7             
communicants4 ,9 ,jamaica1 #g           

settlem5ts1 #bj mission>ies1 #eadf      
negroes1 ( :om #adgh 7 communicants4 ,9 
,antigua1 #e settlem5ts1 #bc            
mission>ies1 #ad1cfb conv]ts1 & #eddb   
communicants4 ,9 ,/4 ,kitts1 #c         
settlem5ts1 #aj mission>ies1 #ejce      
conv]ts1 & #aacg communicants4 ,9       
,b>badoes1 #b settlem5ts1 #f            
mission>ies1 #acgd conv]ts & #bhb       
communicants4 ,9 ,tobago1 #a settlem5t1 
#d mission>ies & #bec 9 ! congregation4 
,9 ,sur9am1 aft] #ii ye>s lab\r1 !y _h  
#a settlem5t1 #af mission>ies1 #ccec    
conv]ts & #abjj communicants4 ,9 ,s\?   
,africa1 aft] lab\r+ #ih ye>s b ) a long
 int]ruption1 !y _h #f /ations1 #ch     
mission>ies1 #bifc conv]ts & #ajdc      
communicants4 ,!y h also "o settlem5t 9 
,p>am>ibo1 & "o 9 ,sommelsdyke4 ,! g5]al
 summ>y view ( ^! missions !n gives u   
ab\t ?irty-five /ations1 "o hundr$ &    
fifty mission>ies--hav+ 9 _!            
congregations & "u cate*etical          
in/ruction ab\t =ty-two ?\s& s\ls1 mo/1 
if all ( :om pr(ess conv]sion1 & h be5  

baptis$--( :om ab\t fifte5 ?\s& are     
communicants4 ,^! /ati/ics come d[n only
 to ! ye> #ahcc4 ,s9ce t "t mo/ ( !     
missions h _h great success1 b we h n   
complete /ati/ics at h&4  ,9 ! =ego+    
/atem5ts1 "o fact ( great importance is 
br\ght to light1 viz43 t ! gospel1 z    
disp5s$ by ! ,moravians1 has1 o!r ?+s   
be+ equal1 be5 m successful among slaves
 ?an among free negroes4 ,s t ! civil   
condition ( ^! p _c be plead$ aga9/ an  
hone/ dis*>ge ( our duty to !m4  ,?\gh !
 ,unit$ ,bre?r5 ne$ ! te/imony ( no man 
to ! importance & utility ( _! lab\rs2  
yet z ! au?ority ( ,bryan ,edw>ds1      
,esq41 may h "s influ5ce ) p]sons ( a   
c]ta9 description1 :o are prejudic$     
aga9/ mission>y ex]tions 9 g5]al1 we    
%all "h subjo9 a %ort extract f ! "w ( t
 writ]3 ,x is v mu*1 says he1 to ! hon\r
 ( ! legislature ( ,antigua t x pres5t$ 
to si/] isl&s ! fir/ example ( !        
amelioration ( ! crim9al law respect+   
negro slaves1 by giv+ ! accus$ p>ty !   
b5efit ( trial by jury1 & all[+ 9 case (

 capital conviction1 f\r days betwe5 !  
"t ( s5t5ce & execution4 ,& x is /ill m 
to ! hon\r ( ,antigua1 t its inhabitants
 h enc\rag$ 9 a p>ticul> mann]1 !       
laudable endeav\rs ( c]ta9 pi\s m51 :o h
 und]tak51 f ! pure/ & be/ motives1 to  
enlight5 ! m9ds ( ! negroes1 & to lead  
!m to ! k ( religi\s tru?s4 ,9 ! report 
( ! lords ( ! committee ( c\ncil on !   
slave trade1 is an acc\nt ( ! lab\rs ( !
 society kn[n by ! "n ( ! ,unitas       
,fratrum1 commonly call$ ,moravians1 9  
?is truly glori\s pursuit2 f :i* x      
appe>s t _! conduct 9 ?is bus9ess       
displays su* s\nd judgm5t1 brea!s su* a 
_s ( g5u9e ,*ri/ianity1 & has be5 att5d$
 ) su* em95t success1 z to entitle its  
,bre?r5 & mission>ies to ! mo/ favorable
 reception f e man1 :om ! accid5ts (    
=tune h inve/$ ) p[] ov] ! poor         
,africans1 & :o believe 7z ,i hope e    
plant] believes7 t !y are 8             
fell[-creatures1 & ( equal importance ) 
himself 9 ! eyes ( an all-see+ &        
imp>tial ,gov]nor ( !                   

,univ]se4--,edw>d's ,hi/ory ( ! ,we/    
,indies4 ,vol4 #a1 page #dhg4 ,f\r?     
,edition4  ,9 ! autumn ( #aghf ! ,rev4  
,dr4 ,coke1 accompani$ by ?ree o!r      
,me?odi/ prea*]s1 de/9$ = ,nova ,scotia1
 sail$ f ,engl& = t c\ntry1 b aft] be+  
t5 weeks at sea1 ! viol5ce ( ! gales1 a 
leak 9 ! %ip1 & appreh5sions ( ! want ( 
wat]1 =c$ ! capta9 to *ange 8 c\rse1 &  
be> (f = ! ,we/ ,indies4 ,hav+ l&$ on ! 
isl& ( ,antigua1 ! ,dr4 & 8 companions  
resolv$1 t1 in/ead ( proce$+ to !       
orig9al place ( _! de/9ation1 !y w\ld   
attempt to beg9 a mission on ?is & "s ( 
! neighbor+ isl&s4 ,( ^! e/abli%m5ts we 
%all n[ give a %ort acc\nt4  ,9 ! c\rse 
( _! lab\rs ! ,me?odi/ ,mission>ies     
e/abli%$ missions among ! slaves 9      
,antigua--9 ,dom9ico--9 ,/4 ,v9c5ts--9  
,/4 ,kitts--9 ,/4 ,eu/atia--9 ,nevis--9 
,tortola & ! ,virg9 ,isl&s--9           
,jamaica--9 ,b>badoes--9 ,/4            
,b>?olomews--9 ,gr5ada--9 ,tr9idad--9   
,/4 ,?omas--9 ,new ,provid5ce--& ! o!r  
,bahama ,isl&s4 ,9 ^! lab\rs ! ,me?odi/s

 (t5 met ) little enc\ragem5t4 ,?us 9   
,nevis _m ( ! mo/ opul5t plant]s at fir/
 oppos$ ! design1 f an appreh5sion t x  
w\ld introduce a _s ( insubord9ation    
among ! negroes4 ,h5ce = a consid]able  
"t !y w\ld n p]mit ! ,me?odi/s to h     
access to ! slaves on _! e/ates2 & :5 "s
 at l5g? v5tur$ to invite !m1 !y obs]v$ 
! utmo/ caution 9 _! mann] ( proce$+3 & 
9 "s in/ances1 ! mission>ies1 aft] hav+ 
prea*$ a few times1 7 disc>d$1 )\t be+  
in=m$ ( any reason = su* a s+ul> mode ( 
treatm5t4 ,!y 7 r>ely h[ev] )\t         
employm5t4 ,:5 dismiss$ f "o plantation 
!y 7 solicit$ to visit o!rs1 & aft] a   
%ort season 7 treat$ 9 ! same mann] z !y
 _h be5 be=e4  ,9 ,jamaica1 matt]s 7    
/ill m unpleasant4 ,a numb] ( ! :ite p  
at ,k+/on1 soon aft] ! op5+ ( a *apel   
became s riot\s t x 0 impossible 9 !    
ev5+ to meet = ! wor%ip ( ,god 9 peace1 
bo? ! prea*] & he>]s be+ (t5 9 dang] n  
only ( mis*ief1 b ( los+ _! lives4 ,mobs
 & riots 7 rais$ aga9/ ! mission>ies4   
,_! *apel 0 pres5t$ z a nuisance4 ,!    

*apel 0 /on$--its gates 7 torn d[n4     
,simil> outrages 7 committ$ at ,mor>t   
,bay ab\t #cj miles f ,k+/on4           
,opposition rose ev5 high]1 & !         
,assembly ( ,jamaica began ! "w (       
legislative p]secution & c>ri$ x on )   
great zeal1 b n be+ support$ by ! ,cr[n1
 !y 7 n able to accompli% all _!        
purposes1 ?\gh mu* inconv5i5ce & ev5    
suff]+ foll[$4 ,?is opposition has      
cont9u$1 until )9 ! la/ twelve or fifte5
 ye>s1 aga9/ ! lab\rs ( ^! p1 not)/&+ ! 
law 0 fairly on _! side4 ,yet 7 !y n    
di%e>t5$ s z to ab&on a field1 :]e ,god 
_h be5 ) !m f ! fir/4 ,& n[ we c all see
 h[ a graci\s ,god has ov]rul$ all ^!   
?+s = good4 ,! ,anniv]s>y ( ! ,wesleyan 
,mission>y ,society 9 #ahcd 0 att5d$ )  
an unusual degree ( ?ankfulness on      
acc\nt ( ! cessation ( ?is opposition & 
! read9ess ( ! p to he> ! ^w ( ,god4    
,:at has be5 ! entire success ( _!      
lab\rs up to ?is date is n kn[n4 ,b 9   
#ahaa1 tw5ty-five ye>s f ! comm5cem5t ( 
! fir/ missions 9 ! ,isl&s1 !re 7 #bg   

mission>ies1 & betwe5 #aa1jjj & #ab1jjj 
conv]ts4 ,t ! numb] bo? ( mission>ies & 
conv]ts has be5 m ?an d\bl$ s9ce t "t is
 at lea/ v probable4  ,9 ref]5ce to !   
good effects ( ^! missions1 "o1 :o may  
be reg>d$ bo? z a compet5t & cr$ible    
witness says3 ,among ! memb]s ( !       
,me?odi/ societies 9 ! ,we/ ,indies1 !re
 are n a few1 we hope1 :o are s9c]e     
conv]ts to ! ,*ri/ian fai?1 ?\gh we fe> 
!re is a consid]able t9cture ( en?usiasm
 among !m4 ,all ( !m s f> z is kn[n     
fulfil ) propriety1 ! relative duties ( 
life1 ev5 _! own ma/]s be+ judges1 or if
 any occasionally transgress ! rules (  
morality1 !y are exclud$ f ! connection1
 at lea/ aft] neglect+ due repro(4 ,!y h
 ab&on$ ! practice ( polygamy1 ! besett+
 s9 ( ! negroes2 & ! fatal influ5ce (   
,obeah or wit*craft1 :i* is (t5         
productive ( ! mo/ t]rible mis*ief1     
among ! slaves1 is effectually de/roy$  
:]ev] ,*ri/ianity prevails4 ,z a pro( ( 
! g5]al good conduct ( ! conv]ts1 x is n
 unwor?y ( notice1 t :5 an (fice :i*    

requires tru/ & confid5ce becomes       
vacant1 su* z t ( a wat*man1 x is a     
usual practice ) ! plant]s & manag]s to 
enquire = a religi\s negro to fill x4   
,inde$ 9 ,antigua1 ,nevis1 ,tortola &   
,/4 ,v9c5t's1 ! proprietors ( e/ates1 & 
! o!r inhabitants1 are s fully satisfi$ 
) ! conduct ( ! mission>ies1 & s s5sible
 ( ! political1 z well z moral &        
religi\s advantages result+ f _! lab\rs1
 t !y entirely support ! missions 9 !   
isl& by _! volunt>y contributions4  ,!  
,london ,mission>y ,society has also    
lab\r$ 9 ?is field to a limit$ ext5t4 ,9
 #ahjg !y e/abli%$ a mission on ! riv]  
,dem>>a 9 ,sur9am1 9 ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,?is 
mission f ! fir/ 0 enc\rag+4 ,_m att5d$ 
! prea*+4 ,_m came ask+ 9 ! greate/     
e>ne/ness1 ! way ( salvation4 ,!        
intemp]ate 7 re=m$1 & "s :om ! :ip c\ld 
n subdue = ye>s1 ! gospel subdu$ 9 a few
 mon?s4 ,prejudice & opposition "h 7    
nev] viol5t & soon gave way4 ,a place ( 
wor%ip 0 soon erect$1 at :i* n less ?an 
#djj g5]ally att5d$4 ,a cr$ible witness 

says3 ,p]haps a m att5tive congregation 
0 nev] se54 ,ungodly m5 te/ifi$ to !    
good effects ( ?is "w4 ,!y decl>$ :at e 
,*ri/ian w\ld expect1 viz43 t !         
reception ( ! gospel made ! indol5t1    
indu/ri\s1 ! noisy1 quiet1 ! rebelli\s1 
ob$i5t1 ! f]oci\s1 g5tle4 ,! great      
promot] ( ?is mission 0 a ri* plant]1 ^:
 "n 0 ,po/1 & to :om x occurr$ z x (t5  
does to o!rs1 t 8 lab\rs & exp5ditures  
seem$ to be mu* m bless$ to ! slaves on 
! neighb\r+ plantations ?an to 8 own4 ,!
 same society has e/abli%$ a mission at 
,b]bice1 a neighbor+ colony1 :i* is     
highly fav\r$4 ,!y _h #ad ye>s ago an   
imm5se *apel at ,georget[n1 att5d$ by   
great numb]s ( p ( diff]5t col\rs1 among
 :om 7 suppos$ to be m ?an a #ajjj      
negroes4 ,at ?is place ! slaves e/eem$ x
 a privilege to contribute to ! funds ( 
! ,mission>y ,society4  ,did "t p]mit1  
we might also give "s acc\nt ( ! lab\rs 
( ! ,society = ! conv]sion & religi\s   
in/ruction ( ! ,negroes 9 ! ,we/ ,india 
,isl&s4 ,b !re is no?+ v peculi> or m>k$

 9 its hi/ory4 ,we !re=e pass on to     
notice missions among ! slaves 9 !      
,unit$ ,/ates4  ,( ^? :o h lab\r$ 9 ?is 
field 9 our own c\ntry1 ! e>lie/1 t are 
kn[n1 7 ! ,unit$ ,bre?r54 ,! associates 
( ,dr4 ,bray1 a g5tleman 9 ,engl&1 :o _h
 by 8 la/ w made "s provision = !       
conv]sion ( ! negroes 9 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1   
hav+ solicit$ ,c\nt ,z9z5dorf to s5d "s 
mission>ies to t colony1 ! ,bre?r51     
,pet] ,boehl] & ,george ,s*ulcus1 7 s5t 
?i!r 9 ! ye> #agch4 ,9 consequ5ce h[ev] 
( ! s9i/] views ( ^? :o ought to h      
assi/$ !m1 !y 7 h9d]$ f prosecut+ !     
great object ( _! mission4 ,bo? ( !m1   
inde$1 soon fell sick4 ,s*ulcus di$ 9   
#agci2 & ,boehl]1 :o 0 at ! same "t     
m9i/] ( ! colony ( ! ,bre?r5 9 ,georgia1
 retir$ ) ^! to ,p5nsylvania1 9         
consequ5ce ( be+ requir$ to c>ry arms 9 
! w> t 0 c>ri$ on aga9/ ! ,spani%4  ,!  
next lab\r]s1 s f> z kn[n1 9 ?is field 7
 ,rev4 ,samuel ,davies1 aft]w>ds        
,presid5t ( ,nassau ,hall1 & ,rev4 ,john
 ,tod1 ( ,hanov] ,presbyt]y 9 ,va4 ,mr4 

,davies began 8 m9i/ry 9 ,hanov] 9      
#agdg1 & 9 #agee he gives ! foll[+      
acc\nt 9 a lett] to a memb] ( ! ,society
 9 ,london = promot+ ,*ri/ian ,k among !
 poor4 ,! inhabitants ( ,virg9ia are    
comput$ to be ab\t #cjj1jjj m51 !       
"o-half ( :i* numb] are suppos$ to be   
negroes4 ,! numb] ( ^? :o att5d my      
m9i/ry at p>ticul> times is unc]ta91 b  
g5]ally ab\t #cjj1 :o give a /at$       
att5dance2 & nev] h ,i be5 s /ruck ) !  
appe>ance ( an assembly1 z :5 ,i h      
glanc$ my eye to t "p ( ! meet+-h\se :]e
 !y usually sit1 adorn$1 = s x appe>$ to
 me1 ) s _m black c\nt5ances eag]ly     
att5tive to e ^w !y he>1 & frequ5tly    
ba!d 9 te>s4 ,a consid]able numb] ( !m  
7ab\t five hundr$7 h be5 baptis$1 aft] a
 prop] "t = in/ruction1 & hav+ giv5     
cr$ible evid5ces1 n only ( _!           
acqua9tance ) ! important doctr9es ( !  
,*ri/ian religion1 b also a deep s5se ( 
!m ^u _! m9ds1 atte/$ by a life ( /rict 
piety & hol9ess4 ,z !y are n suffici5tly
 poli%$ to dissemble ) a good grace1 !y 

express ! s5tim5ts ( _! s\ls s mu* 9 !  
language ( simple nature1 & ) su* g5u9e 
indications ( s9c]ity1 t x is impossible
 to suspect _! pr(essions1 especially :5
 att5d$ ) a truly ,*ri/ian life &       
exempl>y conduct4 ,my wor?y fri5d1 ,mr4 
,tod1 m9i/] ( ! next congregation1 has  
ne> ! same numb] "u 8 in/ructions1 :o1  
he tells me1 discov] ! same s]i\s turn (
 m9d4 ,9 %ort1 sir1 !re are multitudes (
 !m 9 diff]5t places1 :o are will+ &    
eag]ly desir\s to be in/ruct$1 & embrace
 e opportunity ( acqua9t+ !mselves ) !  
doctr9es ( ! gospel1 & ?\gh !y h g5]ally
 v little help to le>n !m to read1 yet  
to my agreeable surprise _m ( !m1 by d9t
 ( application at _! leisure h\rs1 h    
made su* progress t !y c read a pla9    
au?or intelligibly1 & especially _!     
,bibles1 & pity x is t any ( !m %\ld be 
)\t !m4 ,"s ( !m h ! mis=tune to h      
irreligi\s ma/]s1 & h>dly any ( !m are s
 happy z to be furni%$ ) ^! assi/ances =
 _! improvem5t4 ,be=e ,i _h ! pleasure (
 be+ admitt$ a memb] ( y\r society1 !y 7

 wont frequ5tly to come to me ) su* mov+
 acc\nts ( _! necessities 9 ?is respect1
 t ,i c\ld n help supply+ !m ) books1 to
 ! utmo/ ( my small abilities2 & :5 ,i  
di/ribut$ ^? among !m :i* my fri5ds1 )  
y1 s5t ov]1 ,i _h reason to ?9k t ,i    
nev] did an action 9 all my life t met )
 s mu* gratitude f ! receiv]s4 ,i h     
already di/ribut$ all ! books t ,i      
br\ght ov]1 :i* 7 prop] = !m4 ,yet /ill 
on ,saturday ev5+s1 ! only "t !y c sp>e1
 my h\se is cr[d$ ) numb]s ( !m1 ^: v   
c\nt5ances /ill c>ry ! air ( importunate
 petition]s = ! same fav\rs ) ^? :o came
 be=e !m4 ,b1 alas6 my /ock is exhau/$1 
& ,i mu/ s5d !m away griev$ &           
disappo9t$4 ,p]mit me1 sir1 to be an    
advocate ) y1 & by y\r means1 ) y\r     
g5]\s fri5ds 9 _! behalf4 ,! books ,i   
pr9cipally want = !m are ,watts' ,psalms
 & ,hymns1 & ,bibles4 ,! two fir/ !y _c 
be suppli$ ) 9 any o!r way ?an by a     
collection1 z !y are n among ! books y\r
 society give away4 ,i am ! r           
importunate = a good numb] ( ^!1 z ,i _c

 b obs]ve t ! negroes above all ! human 
species t ,i h ev] kn[n1 h an e> =      
music1 & a k9d ( ec/atic delight 9      
psalmody2 & !re are no books !y le>n s  
soon1 or take s mu* pleasure 91 z ^? us$
 9 t heav5ly "p ( div9e wor%ip4 ,"s     
g5tlem5 9 ,london 7 pleas$ to make me a 
private pres5t ( ^! books = _! use2 & f 
! reception !y met )1 & _! eag]ness = m1
 ,i c easily =esee h[ acceptable &      
useful a l>g] numb] w\ld be among !m4   
,inde$1 no?+ w\ld be a great] inducem5t 
to _! indu/ry to le>n to read1 ?an !    
hope ( su* a pres5t1 :i* !y w\ld consid]
 bo? z a help & a rew>d to _! dilig5ce4 
,hav+ obta9$ a fur!r supply ( books f   
,london = ! negroes1 ,mr4 ,davies1 9 a  
lett] to ! same g5tleman1 gives ! foll[+
 acc\nt ( ! mann] 9 :i* !y 7 receiv$ by 
!m4 ,= "s "t aft] ! books arriv$1 ! poor
 slaves1 :5ev] !y c\ld get an h\r's     
leisure f _! ma/]s1 w\ld hurry away to  
my h\se1 to receive ! *>ity ) all !     
g5u9e indications ( passionate          
gratitude1 :i* unpoli%$ nature c\ld     

give1 & :i* affectation & grimace w\ld  
mimic 9 va94 ,! books 7 all v           
acceptable1 b none m s ?an ! ,psalms &  
,hymns1 :i* enable !m to gratify _!     
peculi> ta/e = ,psalmody4 ,sundry ( !m  
lodg$ 9 my kit*5 all night1 & sometimes 
:5 ,i h awak$ ab\t two or ?ree o'clock 9
 ! morn+1 a torr5t ( sacr$ h>mony p\r$  
into my *amb]1 & c>ri$ my m9d away to   
heav54 ,9 ?is s]aphic ex]cise1 "s ( !m  
sp5d almo/ ! :ole night4 ,i wi%1 sir1 y 
& _! o!r b5efactors c\ld he> any ( ^!   
sacr$ conc]ts4 ,i am p]suad$ x w\ld     
surprise & please y m ?an an oratorio or
 ,/4 ,cecilia's day4 ,mr4 ,davies       
aft]w>ds adds1 t two ,sabba?s be=e1 he  
_h ! pleasure ( see+ =ty ( !m ar\nd !   
table ( ! ,"l1 all ( :om made a cr$ible 
pr(ession ( ,*ri/ianity1 & sev]al ( !m )
 unusual evid5ce ( s9c]ity2 & t he      
believ$ !re 7 m ?an a ?\s& negroes :o   
att5d$ ^u 8 m9i/ry at ! diff]5t places  
:]e he alt]nately (ficiat$4--,gillies'  
,hi/orical ,collections1 ,vol4 ,i1 p4   
#ccd2 ,app5dix to ! ,hi/orical          

,collections1 p4 #bi1 #cg1 #dj1 #db4  ,!
 lab\rs ( ! ,rev4 ,rob]t ,h5ry seem to h
 be5 bless$ mu* to ! negroes 9 ,virg9ia4
 ,! c5tre ( 8 op]ations 0 ,cub-,creek1 9
 ,*>lotte c\nty4  ,mr4 ,h5ry 0 succe$$  
by ,rev4 ,drury ,lacy ( preci\s memory4 
,we h se5 a lett] dat$ ,july #ad?1      
#ahcd1 :i* says1 ,dur+ ,mr4 ,lacy's     
m9i/rations at ,cub-,creek1 !re 7 ab\t  
#bjj black memb]s add$1 & !re 7 #fj     
belong+ to ,mrs4 ,coles alone4 ,sev]al  
black eld]s 7 appo9t$ & set ap>t to     
sup]9t5d ^? black memb]s4  ,mr4 ,lacy 0 
succe$$ by ,rev4 ,john ,h4 ,rice1 ,d4,d4
 ,he1 says ! same lett]1 did b little 9 
t cause1 z x began to decl9e z soon z   
,mr4 ,lacy ceas$ 8 lab\rs 9 ,*>lotte4   
,yet ! old records ( ! ,g5]al ,assembly1
 & ( ! ,g5]al ,assembly's ,bo>d (       
,missions %[ t 8 lab\r 0 n 9 va9 9 !    
,"l4 ,9 #ahjg ,hanov] ,presbyt]y        
address$ a circul> to ! *ur*es "u _!    
c>e1 solemnly exhort+ !m n to neglect _!
 duty to _! s]vants4#a       #a ,virg9ia
 ,magaz9e1 ,vol4 ,,iii4 p4 #aei4  ,ab\t 

! "t ( ! lab\rs ( ,mr4 ,h5ry at         
,cub-,creek1 ! ,rev4 ,h5ry ,patillo1    
pa/or ( ,grassy ,creek & ,nutbu% *ur*es 
9 ,granville c\nty1 ,nor? ,c>ol9a 0     
lab\r+ successfully among ! same class (
 p4 ,b we are unable to give p>ticul>s4 
,( "o ?+ h[ev] we are well c]tifi$1 & t 
is t ! good effects ( 8 lab\rs h n ceas$
 to be felt ext5sively to ?is day4  ,dr4
 ,semple's hi/ory ( ! ,bapti/s 9        
,virg9ia1 conta9s _m evid5ces t f !     
e>lie/ beg9n+s ( t bran* ( ,*ri/'s *ur* 
9 ! ,s\?1 ! salvation ( ! negroes has n 
be5 =gott5 or slight$ 9 _! m9i/rations4 
,inde$ ! va/ numb]s connect$ ) _! *ur*es
 %[ t !y h lab\r$ mu* among !m4  ,v soon
 aft] ! ,me?odi/s began to prea* 9 !    
,unit$ ,/ates1 ! negroes claim$ mu* ( _!
 att5tion4 ,z e>ly z ! ye> #ahjd1 !     
,me?odi/s _h 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates #bc1eca  
col\r$ memb]s1 ( :om mo/ 7 slaves4 ,s9ce
 t "t _! numb]s h be5 almo/ incr$ibly   
increas$4 ,= besides _! regul> sy/em (  
it9]acy1 !y h = "s ye>s _h v fl\ri%+    
,plantation ,missions1 especially 9 ,s\?

 ,c>ol9a & ,georgia4 ,! te/imony 9 fav\r
 ( _! lab\rs is n to be f\nd m]ely 9 _! 
own (ficial reports1 v]itable z no d\bt 
!y are2 b 9 ! increas+ desire ( plant]s 
( all d5om9ations & ( no d5om9ation (   
,*ri/ians to h _! slaves in/ruct$ by !m4
 ,! ,hon4 ,c4 ,c4 ,p9ckney 9 ! address  
previ\sly ref]r$ to1 says3 ,on a        
plantation 9 ,georgia1 :]e 9 addition to
 sup]ior managem5t1 ! religi\s          
in/ruction ( ! blacks is sy/ematically  
pursu$1 ! crops are inv>iably ! be/ 9 ! 
neighborhood4 ,! neatness & ord] :i* !  
:ole e/abli%m5t exhibits1 prove t !     
prosp]ity ( ! ma/]1 & ! be/ int]e/s ( ! 
negro are n incompatible4 ,! same /ate  
furni%es ano!r in/ance ( ?is position4  
,! p ( an abs5tee's plantation1 7       
prov]bially1 bad f ! abuse &            
mismanagem5t ( an ov]se]1 7! proprietors
 resid+ 9 ,engl& & ! attorneys 9        
,c>ol9a47 ,! latt] dismiss$ ! ov]se] z  
soon z 8 misconduct 0 discov]$1 &       
employ$ ano!r :o 0 a pi\s man2 he n only
 in/ruct$ ! negroes himself to ! be/ ( 8

 abilities1 b accompani$ !m e ,sunday to
 a ,me?odi/ *ur* 9 ! neighborhood4 ,at !
 end ( five ye>s _! "* 0 entirely *ang$1
 & has s cont9u$ ev] s9ce4 ,aft] ne>ly  
fifte5 ye>s m1 ! surviv+ attorney is n[ 
9 treaty = ! pur*ase ( ^! v negroes1 :om
 he =m]ly consid]$ z a b& ( outlaws4    
,o!r examples 9 fav\r ( ?is plan h      
occurr$ 9 ,c>ol9a4 ,9 "o in/ance a      
g5tleman invit$ a mission>y to att5d 8  
plantation4 ,aft] "s "t1 two black      
prea*]s1 :o _h previ\sly acquir$        
popul>ity fell into disrepute1 & 7      
neglect$ by _! =m] congregation4 ,^!    
/atem5ts are d]iv$ f unque/ionable      
s\rces4 ,! la/ case pres5ts a view ( !  
subject1 :i* may h weight ) ^? :o ?9k   
o!r motives insuffici5t4  ,! late ,bi%op
 ,dehon ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 turn$ 8 att5tion
 some:at to ?is p & n )\t success4  ,we 
h spok5 ?us f> ( ! lab\rs ( ! dead only4
 ,did "t p]mit1 int]e/+ details ( !     
lab\rs ( _m liv+ m5 might be giv54 ,x   
has be5 cle>ly asc]ta9$ t 9 ,virg9ia1   
,nor? ,c>ol9a1 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 ,georgia1 &

 9 all ! ,s\!rn ,/ates1 !re are _m :o   
are fir$ ) love to ! s\ls ( ! dy+       
negroes1 & are1 ) v>i\s success lab\r+ =
 _! salvation4 ,x w appe> by /atem5ts   
already made1 & yet to be made1 t all   
d5om9ations ( ,*ri/ians are fairly pl$g$
 to ?is "w1 s t !y _c consi/5tly retreat
 f x4  ,9 mak+ ! =ego+ /atem5ts no?+ m  
?an an introduction to a great subject 0
 int5d$4 ,t great subject is our duty   
respect+ ! et]nal well be+ ( negroes4 ,a
 fri5d once inquir$ respect+ ,presid5t  
,davies' practice z to ! baptism ( slave
 *ildr54 ,we "k n :at t excell5t man's  
practice 02 b we are happy 9 /at+ t !   
highe/ c\rt 9 ! ,presbyt]ian *ur* has   
det]m9$ 9 a mann]1 t is ?\ght           
satisfactory1 all que/ions on ?is po9t4 
,?us 9 ! m9utes ( ! ,synod ( ,new ,york 
& ,philadelphia = ! ye> #aghf1 p4 #dac1 
x is said3 ,! foll[+ case ( consci5ce f 
,donnegal ,presbyt]y 0 ov]tur$1 viz43   
:e!r ,*ri/ian ma/]s or mi/resses ought 9
 duty to h su* *ildr5 baptiz$1 z are "u 
_! c>e1 ?\gh born ( p>5ts n 9 communion 

( any *ur*8 ,^u ?is ov]ture1 ! ,synod   
are ( op9ion1 t ,*ri/ian ma/]s &        
mi/resses ^: religi\s pr(ession &       
conduct are su*1 z to give !m a "r to ! 
ord9ance ( baptism = _! own *ildr51 may1
 & ought to d$icate ! *ildr5 ( _!       
h\sehold to ,god1 9 t ord9ance1 :5 !y h 
no scruple ( consci5ce to ! contr>y4    
,on ! next page 7#dad7 ( ! same record1 
x is said t ,x 0 ov]tur$1 :e!r ,*ri/ian 
slaves hav+ *ildr5 at ! entire          
discretion ( un*ri/ian ma/]s1 & n hav+ x
 9 _! p[] to in/ruct !m 9 religion1 are 
b\nd to h !m baptis$2 & :e!r a *ri/ian  
m9i/] 9 ?is pr$icam5t ought to baptize  
!m8 ,! ,synod det]m9$ 9 ! affirmative4  
,aga9 on ! #cae page ( vol4 iii41       
conta9+ ! m9utes ( ! ,g5]al ,assembly = 
#ahaf1 is ?is entry3  ,! committee to   
:i* 0 ref]r$ ! foll[+ "q1 viz43 ,ought  
baptism on ! promise ( ! ma/]1 to be    
adm9i/]$ to ! *ildr5 ( slaves1 report$1 
& _! report be+ am5d$ 0 adopt$1 & is z  
foll[s1 viz43  #a/1 ,t x is ! duty (    
ma/]s :o are memb]s ( ! *ur*1 to pres5t 

! *ildr5 ( p>5ts 9 s]vitude1 to !       
ord9ance ( baptism1 provid$ !y are 9 a  
situation to tra9 !m up 9 ! nurture &   
admonition ( ! ,"l1 ?us secur+ !m ! ri* 
advantages :i* ! gospel promises4  #bnd1
 ,t x is ! duty ( ,*ri/ian m9i/]s to    
inculcate ?is doctr9e2 & to baptize all 
*ildr5 ( ?is description :5 pres5t$ to  
!m by _! ma/]s4  ,x is prop] "h to /ate 
t among ! mo/ s]i\s ob/acles to ! spread
 ( ! gospel among ?is p1 ! use ( ard5t  
spirits has long held & does /ill hold a
 prom95t place4 ,we once he>d a         
slave-hold] say t if ,abolitioni/s _h   
/irr$ up z mu* rebellion & caus$ z mu*  
blood%$ among ! negroes z ! retail]s (  
ard5t spirits _h done1 !re w\ld long ere
 ?is h be5 a civil w>4  ,nat ,turn]'s   
insurrection broke out 9 ! region t     
=m]ly manufactur$ va/ quantities (      
apple-br&y4 ,8 foll[]s are kn[n to h be5
 highly /imulat$ ) ?is liquid fire4     
,inde$1 we "k a cl]gyman :o = _m ye>s   
has resid$ & travell$ ext5sively 9 !    
,s\?1 & :o te/ifies t among scores (    

negroes "u s5t5ce ( dea? :om he has     
visit$1 he rememb]s b two1 :o 7 n l$ to 
commit ! crimes t br\ght !m to su* a    
s5t5ce by "s sort ( influ5ce aris+ f    
/rong dr9k2 & 9 mo/ cases by dr9k+ j    
be=e !y committ$ ! crime4 ,x gives u    
pleasure to /ate t ! s\nd pr9ciples ( ! 
,temp]ance re=mation are s few1 s pla91 
& s simple1 t !y are ( easy application 
to ?is k9d ( population4 ,_m rec5t      
exp]im5ts 9 ! ,s\? prove ! tru? ( ?is   
ass]tion1 & exhibit mo/ bless$ effects  
aris+ f ! introduction ( ?is re=mation  
among !m4 ,let ! fri5ds ( morality &    
religion p]sev]e4 ,drunk5ness is ! enemy
 ( ! black & ! :ite4 ,x de/roys bo? s\l 
& body1 9 "t & et]nity4  ,we h 9        
possession a numb] ( pr9t$ docum5ts     
writt5 by good m5 resid+ 9 ! ,s\? on !  
subject ( ! religi\s in/ruction ( !     
negroes4  ,"o ( !m is ! ,rev4 ,dr4      
,ri*>d ,furman's exposition ( ! views ( 
! ,bapti/s relative to ! color$         
population ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 9 a       
communication to ! ,gov]nor ( ,s\?      

,c>ol9a1 & publi%$ at 8 recomm5dation4  
,9 ?is docum5t1 x is /at$ t ! result ( 8
 inquiry & reason+ leads among o!rs to !
 foll[+ conclusions3  ,t ,ma/]s hav+ !  
disposal ( ! p]sons1 "t1 & lab\r ( _!   
s]vants1 & be+ ! heads ( families1 are  
b\nd1 on pr9ciples ( moral & religi\s   
duty to give ^! s]vants religi\s        
in/ruction2 or at lea/ to af=d !m       
opportunities1 "u prop] regulations1 to 
obta9 x2 & to grant religi\s privileges 
to ^? :o desire !m1 & furni% prop]      
evid5ce ( _! s9c]ity & uprightness4 ,due
 c>e be+ tak5 at ! same "t t !y receive 
_! in/ructions f "r s\rces1 :]e !y w n  
be 9 dang] ( hav+ _! m9ds corrupt$ by   
s5tim5ts unfri5dly to ! dome/ic & civil 
peace ( ! community4 ,page #ae4  ,!     
second docum5t is /yl$ ,practical       
consid]ations f\nd$ on ! ,scriptures    
relative to ! slave population ( ,s\?   
,c>ol9a1 respectfully d$icat$ to ! ,s\? 
,c>ol9a ,association1 by a ,s\?         
,c>ol9ian1 und]/ood to be ! ,rev4 ,dr4  
,dal*o ( ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur* 9

 ,*>le/on4 ,! conclud+ s5t5ce is 9 ^!   
words3 ,if we are ! own]s ( slaves1 our 
duty to ,god1 to our c\ntry1 & to       
ourselves1 all urge ! necessity ( af=d+ 
!m in/ruction 9 ! gospel ( ,jesus ,*ri/1
 ! ,savi\r ( ! s\ls ( m54 pp4 #cg1 #ch4 
,ano!r ( ^! docum5ts1 ^: au?or is !     
,rev4 ,*as4 ,colcock ,jones1 ,d4,d41    
e/abli%es ^! pr9ciples3 ,t ! negroes ne$
 ! gospel3 ,t ,god has put x 9 our p[]  
to give !m ! gospel3 ,t we are b\nd by  
humanity1 consi/5cy1 by ! _s ( our      
religion1 & by ! express comm& ( ,god to
 give !m ! gospel3 ,t we _c be excus$ f 
?is "w by plead+ t !y already &         
suffici5tly h ! light ( life3 ,nor by   
plead+ t !y are incapable ( receiv+ x3  
,nor by plead+ ! little success t has   
be5 _h 9 ?is dep>tm5t3 ,nor by plead+ ! 
great & peculi> difficulties ( ! case4  
,! next docum5ts are ! twelve ,annual   
,reports ( ! ,mission>y to ! negroes 9  
,lib]ty ,c\nty1 ,georgia1 pres5t$ to !  
,association f ye> to ye>1 & publi%$ by 
ord] ( ! ,association4 ,^! are ! mo/    

practical & !re=e to u ! mo/ useful     
docum5ts 9 ! collection4 ,pass+ by !    
practical matt]s1 we pres5t b "o s5t5ce 
tak5 f ! report ( #ahcc4 ,! religi\s    
in/ruction ( s]vants is z mu* a duty z t
 ( *ildr54 ,y are lab\r+ !re=e to       
dis*>ge a duty2 & are to acc\nt = !     
mann] 9 :i* y dis*>ge x at ! b> ( ,god4 
p4 #ae4  ,! next docum5t is3 ,report ( !
 committee to :om 0 ref]r$ ! subject ( !
 ,religi\s in/ruction ( ! color$        
population1 ( ! ,synod ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a & 
,georgia1 at its sessions 9 ,columbia1  
,s\? ,c>ol9a1 ,decemb] #e?-#i?1 #ahcc1 &
 publi%$ by ord] ( ! ,synod4 ,?is able  
docum5t ?us enum]ates ! b5efits :i* w   
fl[ f ! religi\s in/ruction ( ! negroes1
 & cle>ly %[s t x w be to our int]e/4 ,x
 specifies ^! ?+s3 ,!re w be a bett]    
und]/&+ ( ! relation ( ma/] & s]vant & (
 _! reciprocal duties3 ,! pecuni>y      
int]e/s ( ! ma/]s w be advanc$ z a      
necess>y consequ5ce3 ,! religi\s        
in/ruction ( ! negroes w contribute to  
safety3 ,ano!r b5efit is1 we %all ?us   

promote our own morality & religion3    
,mu* unpleasant discipl9e w be sav$ to !
 *ur*es3 ,! la/ b5efit m5tion$ is "o t  
we ?us convey to ! s]vants in/rum5tally3
 ,x is ! salvation ( _! s\ls4  ,ano!r   
docum5t is ! ,pa/oral lett] ( ! ,rt4    
,rev4 ,wm4 ,meade1 ,assi/ant ,bi%op (   
,virg9ia1 to ! m9i/]s1 memb]s1 & fri5ds1
 ( ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*1 9 !   
,diocese ( ,virg9ia1 on ! duty ( af=d+  
religi\s in/ruction to ^? 9 bondage1 &  
publi%$ at ! reque/ ( ! ,conv5tion (    
,virg9ia4 ,?is manly & ,*ri/ian         
publication %[s x to be our duty to seek
 ! salvation ( ^! p because3 ,!         
provid5ce ( ,god 9 s5d+ ^! p among u 9 a
 /ate ( dep5d5ce po9ts out to u ?is     
duty3 ,! ^w ( ,god is p>ticul> &        
emphatic on ?is subject3 ,! b5evol5ce & 
m]cy ( ! gospel require ?is ( u3        
,consi/5cy requires ?is ( u4 ,!         
conclusion urges ! p]=mance ( ?is duty f
 success already _h 9 ! "w4 ,9 !        
,app5dix are to be f\nd "s lett]s &     
docum5ts ( great wor? on ?is great      

subject4  ,b ,dr4 ,jones seems to be 9  
?is dep>tm5t m abundant 9 lab\rs ?an any
 o!r man4 ,we h n[ 8 excell5t &         
practical pamphlet on ! religi\s        
in/ruction ( slaves4 ,we are glad to see
 x s5t =? by our ,bo>d ( ,publication1 &
 9 its pres5t =m too4 ,we tru/ x w h an 
ext5sive circulation4 ,no man w fail to 
be bett] in=m$ :o reads x ) c>e4 ,x c = 
a few c5ts be transmitt$ by mail to any 
"p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,our advice       
conc]n+ x is giv5 9 f\r words3 buy1     
read1 circulate1 practice x4  ,!        
/ati/ics ( ! negro race 9 ! slave-hold+ 
,/ates ( ?is nation are ( ! mo/ int]e/+ 
k9d4 ,_! increase is prodigi\s4 ,we _c g
 into ?is matt] n[1 f>!r ?an to say t ! 
next c5sus w probably %[ t ! numb] (    
negroes & mulattoes 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates is
 m ?an f\r millions4 ,:at an object =   
,*ri/ian love & wisdom & ef=t6 ,:o w n  
pray = ! salvation ( ^! p8  ,f :at has  
be5 already said1 our m9ds are fully    
satisfi$ ( ! correctness ( ! foll[+     
positions3  ,i4 ,x is ! duty ( ,*ri/ians

 g5]ally1 & ( ,presbyt]ians p>ticul>ly1 
e>ne/ly to seek ! salvation ( all !     
de/itute1 & especially ( ! negroes ( ?is
 c\ntry1 by su* me?ods z ! laws ( ,god  
require1 & 9 con=mity ) e prop] law ( ! 
l&1 relat+ to ^! p4 ,a good police is   
n[h]e adv]se to ! spread ( ! gospel4    
,,ii4 ,on acc\nt ( ! incalculable       
b5efits result+ to ! tea*] ( ! plan (   
salvation1 & to him :o is taught z well 
z to ma/]s & ! community g5]ally1 x is  
exp$i5t to d ?is ?+ & t spe$ily4  ,,iii4
 ,x is entirely safe to d ?is4 ,no facts
 c be e/abli%$ to ! contr>y1 & _m c be  
e/abli%$ 9 support ( ?is ass]tion4      
,,iv4 ,x is v unsafe n to d x1 because  
all m5 w h "s notions ( religion1 & if  
!y be n correct notions1 !y w be        
errone\s1 wild1 fanatical1 sup]/iti\s1  
or 9 "s way highly dang]\s4 ,on ?is     
subject we pres5t a %ort extract f a    
disc\rse publi%$ by ! late ,dr4 ,rice1 9
 ! ye> #ahbe1 on ! subject ( ! injury   
done to religion by ignorant tea*]s4 ,9 
t disc\rse ! writ] speak+ ( fanaticism  

says3  ,^! rem>ks h a be>+ on a p>ticul>
 "p ( our population1 :i* ,i ?9k x my   
duty to /ate 9 su* t]ms t ! intellig5t w
 und]/& me4 ,& t ?is subject may pres5t 
itself ) great] =ce x ought to be       
obs]v$1 t !re is always a pr$isposition 
to sup]/ition1 :]e !re are no settl$    
religi\s pr9ciples4 ,?is /ate ( ! human 
m9d1 may be reg>d$ z a pr$isposition to 
fanaticism :]e !re is a g5]al preval5ce 
( ignorance & rud5ess4 ,n[ x is well    
kn[n t !re is a l>ge & increas+ "p ( our
 population ^: ignorance is almo/       
absolute4 ,_! spiritual int]e/s h be5 v 
g5]ally neglect$2 & attempts to af=d !m 
religi\s in/ruction h (t5 be5 fr[n$ ^u  
by m5 ( p[] & influ5ce4 ,b h !y ?us be5 
able to suppress ! work+s ( ! religi\s  
pr9ciple8 ,t is impossible4 ,x w\ld be z
 easy to exclude ! light ( ! sun by a   
leaf ( ! /atute book4 ,:at !n has be5 ! 
result ( ?is v g5]al neglig5ce8 ,:y1    
?\s&s ( ?is race h a set ( religi\s     
op9ions ( _! own 9 _m v important       
respects at v>iance ) ! religion ( !    

,new ,te/am5t4 ,!y h long %[n a mo/     
obs]vable pref]5ce = ^? meet+s1 by      
:omsoev] conduct$1 :]e !re is mo/ noise 
& vocif]ation1 mo/ to /rike on ! s5ses1 
& lea/ to af=d in/ruction4 ,:ile "s     
among !m are1 no d\bt1 true ,*ri/ians1  
_m unque/ionably are rank fanatics4 ,!y 
are *iefly "u ! influ5ce ( ignorant     
spiritual guides4 ,x is mo/ obvi\s to ! 
c>eful obs]v] t !y are )draw+ m & m f ^?
 m9i/rations1 :]e !y c le>n ! true "* ( 
,*ri/ianity2 & insi/ ) increas+         
p]t9acity1 on hold+ meet+s 9 _! own way1
 & hav+ prea*]s ( _! own col\r4 ,!      
pr(ession ( religion among !m is becom+ 
p]ceptibly less b5eficial3 s t 9 "s     
neighborhoods1 ?is v ?+ g5]ates         
suspicion ( ! pr(essor1 r ?an confid5ce 
9 8 integrity4 ,! prea*]s among !m1     
al?\gh extremely ignorant1 7(t5 unable  
to read a v]se 9 ! ,bible or a l9e 9 _! 
,hymn book7 are frequ5tly %rewd1 cunn+  
m54 ,!y see :at influ5ce misdirect$     
religi\s feel+ gives !m ov] _! bre?r5 & 
!y take advantage ( x4 ,_m ( !m feel _! 

importance1 & assume ! po/ ( m5 ( great 
consequ5ce4 ,?is ?+ is gr[+ 9 ! ,s\!rn  
c\ntry4 ,& :ile ef=ts to af=d ^! p      
salut>y in/ruction h be5 repress$ or    
ab&on$1 a _s ( fanaticism has be5       
spread+ :i* ?reat5s ! mo/ al>m+         
consequ5ces4 ,)\t pret5d+ to be a       
prophet1 ,i v5ture to pr$ict1 t if ev] t
 horrid ev5t %\ld take place1 :i* is    
anticipat$ & greatly dread$ by _m among 
u1 "s crisp-hair$ prophet1 "s pret5d] to
 inspiration1 w be ! r+lead] z well z ! 
in/igator ( ! plot4 ,by feign+          
communications f heav51 he w r\se !     
fanaticism ( 8 bre?r51 & !y w be prep>$ 
= any "w h[ev] desolat+ or murd]\s4 ,!  
op9ion has already be5 />t$ among !m1 t 
m5 may make su* progress 9 religion1 t  
no?+ !y c d w be s9ful1 ev5 %\ld x be ! 
murd] ( ^? :om !y are n[ requir$ to s]ve
 & obey6 ,! pres5t /ate ( ! c\ntry      
pres5ts a prospect truly al>m+2 & :5 !  
rapid gr[? ( our population bo? black & 
:ite is consid]$1 x requires a man ( a  
/\t he>t inde$1 to view ! sc5e )\t      

dismay4 ,x is appall+1 :5 su* a mighty  
p[] z t af=d$ by ! religi\s pr9ciple1 is
 wield$ by ignorant & fanatical m54     
,%all we1 !n1 let ?is matt]             
alone8--,evan4 & ,lit4 ,magaz9e1 ,vol4  
#h1 pp4 #fjc & #fjd4  ,h[ lit]ally ?is  
pr$iction 0 fulfill$ 9 ! ,s\?ampton     
insurrection1 _m rememb]4 ,a crisp-hair$
 fanatic l$ x on4  ,v4 ,n only ! g5]al  
c\rse ( legislation1 b also ! g5]al t5or
 ( ,provid5ce unite 9 decl>+ t ! great  
body ( tea*]s = ?is p mu/ = ! pres5t at 
lea/ be :ite m54 ,x is truly m>vell\s t 
al?\gh ,d>tm\? ,college 0 end[$ *iefly z
 a s*ool1 9 :i* to tra9 up ,indians =   
useful /ations1 yet did t in/itution    
nev]1 s f> z is kn[n1 furni% m ?an "o or
 two useful & successful prea*]s ( !    
gospel f among t p4 ,z e>ly z ! ye>     
#afic1 ! ,e>l ( ,burl+ton & ! ,bi%op (  
,london1 = ! "t be+1 :o _h be5 con/itut$
 by ! great ,mr4 ,boyle tru/ees ( ! fund
 he left = ! advancem5t ( ,*ri/ianity   
among infidels1 direct$ ! proce$s to be 
paid to ! presid5t ( ,william & ,m>y    

,college 9 ,virg9ia = ! education &     
in/ruction ( a c]ta9 numb] ( ,indian    
*ildr54 ,?is *>ity 0 cont9u$ = m ?an    
eighty ye>s2 yet did x nev] raise up a  
mission>y to ! ,indians4 ,9 l mann]     
ef=ts h be5 made = ! la/ c5tury to tra9 
up useful m9i/]s & mission>ies ( ! negro
 race = ?is c\ntry4 ,z e>ly z ! ye>     
#agdd ! v5]able ,dr4 ,/yles & ! ,rev4   
,samuel ,hopk9s und]took ! education (  
two app>5tly promis+ negroes ) a view to
 ! m9i/ry2 b x 0 f9ally a failure4 ,dr4 
,john ,b4 ,smi? also lab\r$ = ! same    
object b nev] really s]v$ ! *ur* 9 ?is  
way4 ,_m o!r ef=ts h be5 made1 b        
g5]ally1 ?\gh we are happy to say n     
univ]sally1 !y h be5 unproductive ( any 
solid or ext5sive good4 ,if valuable    
m9i/]s1 !re=e1 are to be rais$ up f ?is 
p1 9 our c\ntry & 9 suffici5t numb]s1 x 
mu/ probably be at lea/ = "s "t to come1
 f among/ :ite m54  ,,vi4 ,if           
,prote/ants d n attempt & execute ?is   
"w1 ,jesuits w und]take & execute a mo/ 
undesirable "w among !m4 ,n only ! _s & 

g5ius ( pop]y1 b also ! developm5ts (   
policy made 9 ! ,leopold ,reports1 put  
?is matt] beyond all d\bt4 ,! dang] &   
annoyance ( su* influ5ces may be le>n$ n
 only f ! doctr9es ( ,romanism & ! g5]al
 hi/ory ( its acts 9 e nation1 :]e x has
 prevail$1 b also 9 p>ticul> acts 9     
ref]5ce to missions4 ,?us 9 ,/4 ,v9c5ts 
9 ! ,we/ ,indies ! ,me?odi/ ,mission>ies
 attempt$ to beg9 a s*ool among ! native
 ,c>ibs1 & ! legislature ( ! isl&s gave 
an e/ate = ! support ( ! in/itution2 b !
 ,ca?olic prie/s ( ,m>t9ico infus$      
suspicions into ! m9ds ( ! poor p1 t !  
mission>ies 7 employ$ by ! ,k+ ( ,engl&1
 & by ?is means rais$ _! jeal\sy to su* 
a pit*1 t x 0 f\nd necess>y to )draw f  
among !m4  ,among ! negroes1 h[ev]1 !   
,me?odi/s 7 m successful1 & 9 a %ort "t 
collect$ su* numb]s ( !m 9 _! societies 
z amply recomp5s$ !m = ! failure ( _!   
lab\rs among ! ,c>ibs4 ,9 #agic !       
,legislative ,assembly ( ,/4 ,v9c5ts1   
:i* _h at fir/ patroniz$ ! ,me?odi/     
,mission>ies1 pass$ a v rigor\s act     

aga9/ !m1 prohibit+ !m f prea*+ to !    
negroes "u ! sev]e/ p5alties4 ,= ! fir/ 
transgression1 x 0 enact$ t ! (f5d] %\ld
 be puni%$ by a f9e ( #aj2 = ! second1  
by su* corporeal puni%m5t z ! c\rt %\ld 
?9k prop] to inflict1 & likewise by     
bani%m5t2 & if ! p]son %\ld return f    
bani%m5t1 by dea?6  ,! emiss>ies ( !    
,pope h %[n _! real feel+s 9 ref]5ce to 
evangelical missions1 9 _! attempts on !
 ,s&wi* ,isl&s & 9 _! bitt]ness aft] _! 
failure1 z also 9 _! m rec5t & cruel    
conduct 9 ,otaheite4  ,9 ! prosecution (
 ! "w1 x mu/ n be =gott53  #a/4 ,t all t
 %all be done mu/ be ) ! cons5t & "u !  
sanction ( proprietors ( e/ates & (     
slave-hold]s g5]ally1 :]e ! negroes are 
slaves4  #bnd4 ,t ! fri5ds ( religion   
%\ld lab\r to obta9 unity ( views1      
s5tim5ts1 & purposes among/ all ! m9i/]s
 & *ur*es 9 our b\nds2 especially :]e   
?is population is l>ge4  #c;d4 ,!re mu/ 
be ex]cis$ 9 ! :ole matt] a s\nd        
discretion1 & a c>eful exam9ation ( e   
/ep4  #d?4 ,also unbl5*+ intrepidity1 & 

,*ri/ian firmness4  #e?4 ,untir+        
p]sev]ance & unceas+ ef=t4  #f?4 ,t long
 pati5ce1 :i* ! husb&man ha? :5 he      
waite? = ! preci\s fruits ( ! e>?4  #g?4
 ,und\bt$ love to ,god & to all m54     
#h?4 ,correct /ati/ical in=mation ( !   
numb] ( black memb]s 9 our *ur*es1 &    
he>]s 9 our congregations1 %\ld be      
obta9$ & publi%$4  #i?4 ,a he>ty & /eady
 engag$ness ( private memb]s 9 all our  
*ur*es 9 cont9ual & becom+ lab\rs = !   
salvation ( ^? imm$iately dep5dant ^u   
!m1 %\ld be urg$4  #aj?4 ,"s ye>s ago 79
 #ahcc7 !re 0 a proposal to organize a  
g5]al ,bo>d or ,mission>y ,society 9 !  
,s\?1 = ! special purpose ( conduct+ ?is
 "w4 ,at ! "t we 7 9 fav\r ( su* an     
organization4 ,b x fail$ f "s cause4 ,9 
! pres5t /ate ( our *ur*1 ! ,bo>d (     
,missions1 7,dome/ic17 act+ z x does    
?r\gh ! ,presbyt]ies1 & by _! advice1 is
 p]haps fully adequate to ! "w4 ,we see 
n :y !y may n d x all1 if ! *ur*es w b  
furni% ! means1 & if prop] m5 c be f\nd4
 ,we h spok5 ( a g5]al ,bo>d4 ,local    

,associations are & w cont9ue to be 9 _m
 respects useful & important4 ,let su*  
be =m$1 on correct pr9ciples :]ev] x may
 be useful4 ,a =m ( a con/itution = su* 
an association auxili>y to ! ,bo>d (    
,dome/ic ,missions con/itutes a valuable
 "p ( ! ,app5dix to ! pamphlet "u       
review4  ,a fri5d ( ours1 :o has long   
felt an int]e/1 & :o has ?r\gh a c\rse (
 ye>s conduct$ an ext5sive correspond5ce
 on ?is subject1 has %[n u a l>ge numb] 
( lett]s obta9$ by him = public use f   
cl]gym5 ( high /&+ 9 sev]al diff]5t     
d5om9ations1 f lawy]s1 physicians1      
judges1 memb]s ( ,congress1 intellig5t  
plant]s1 (fic]s ( public in/itutions1 & 
o!rs resid+ 9 ,virg9ia & ,texas1 &      
,/ates ly+ betwe5 !m4 ,we f9d 9 ^!      
lett]s f m5 resid+ f> ap>t a rem>kable  
agreem5t bo? 9 feel+ & 9 judgm5t4  ,we  
propose to conclude ?is article by quot+
 a few s5t5ces on topics1 :i* we deem ( 
great importance4  ,"o says1 ,f my own  
exp]i5ce ,i %\ld say !re is b "o ob/acle
 to success1 & t is a belief among !    

slaves1 t all scriptural passages :i*   
be> ^u _! peculi> situation1 h be5      
int]polat$ by :ite m54 ,h[ f> ?is notion
 prevails ,i _c say1 b ,i am sure x does
 to a great ext5t4  ,ano!r says1 ,i _c  
conceive h[ any "o1 :o ackn[l$ges !     
obligations ( ,*ri/ian duty c decl9e    
af=d+ ,*ri/ian in/ruction to 8 slaves4  
,t ?is duty ( in/ruction may be safely  
p]=m$1 seems to me manife/ f ! v        
precepts ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,! :ole t5or ( !
 ,bible inculcates no?+ b :at1 if       
practis$1 mu/ contribute to ! common    
advantage ( ! p>ties ma/] & s]vant4 ,!  
*ief s\rce ( dang] f ! negro race       
consi/s 9 keep+ !m ignorant ( !         
pr9ciples ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,my exp]i5ce 9 
?is matt] has be5 suffici5t to satisfy  
me t !re is no yeomanry 9 ! _w1 :o w\ld 
make a bett] return = ! lab\r ( moral   
in/ruction1 s f> z ! great lead+        
pr9ciples ( ,*ri/ianity are conc]n$4    
,ano!r says1 ,s]mons to col\r$ p ought  
to be /udi$ & well prep>$4 ,! prea*] mu/
 by all prud5t means enli/ public fav\r4

 ,! negroes mu/ be treat$ ) k9dness &   
respect4 ,9 giv+ cate*etical in/ruction1
 _! ignorance & blund]s mu/ n be all[$  
to expose !m be=e _! fell[s1 b mu/ be   
cov]$4 ,_! feel+s mu/ n be w\nd$4       
,ano!r says1 ,we mu/ gu>d aga9/ ! dang] 
( s pres5t+ ! subject ( religion to !   
m9ds ( ! negroes z to make ! op]ation ( 
_! s5ses & imag9ation a sub/itute = !   
ex]cise ( ! "r affections ( ! he>t4 ,su*
 a me?od ( in/ruction %\ld be adopt$ z  
w\ld make a lawful & judici\s use ( !   
s5ses & imag9ation2 & !re=e s]mons      
address$ to !m %\ld ab\nd ) illu/rations
 tak5 f common life2 a c\rse ju/ifi$ by 
! p>ables ( our ,savi\r4  ,ano!r says1  
,und\bt$ly ,*ri/ians ought to engage 9  
?is great "w )\t delay4 ,no?+ c be ga9$ 
by po/ponem5t4 ,! moral wret*$ness ( our
 col\r$ neighb\rs dem&s imm$iate relief2
 & e pr9ciple ( humanity & religion     
urges u to af=d x4 ,prea*+ int5d$ = ?is 
class ( p]sons %\ld be on important     
subjects1 z simple z possible1 famili>1 
attractive & solemn4  ,ano!r says1 ,i   

?9k t our :ite population is prep>$ =   
?is "w2 & ,i "k t _m ( ! negroes are    
p]i%+ = lack ( k4 ,all our *ur*es are   
do+ a little = ^! too long neglect$     
immortals2 b ! ef=ts us$ be> no j       
proportion to _! numb]s & necessities4  
,ano!r says1 ,our ,conv5tion appo9t$ a  
committee to prep>e1 or collect & publi%
 a s]ies ( tracts = ! b5efit ( ! slaves1
 :i* may be read to !m1 or by su* ( !m z
 c read4 ,i tru/ ! sc5es1 :i* are enact+
 9 "s p>ts ( ! nor?1 w conv9ce all our  
citiz5s t our fir/ duty is to in/ruct !m
 9 ! pr9ciples ( religion1 & n seek to  
inspire !m ) l(ty notions1 :i* w only   
r\se up aga9/ !m ! wor/ feel+s ( !      
:ites4  ,two o!rs relate at l5g? h[ !y  
ov]came reluctance 9 _! negroes to att5d
 ^u religi\s in/ruction4 ,!y gave !m a  
"p ( ,saturday = do+ ^? ?+s1 :i* !y _h  
=m]ly done on ! ,"l's day1 z go+ to a   
m>ket1 c4 ,!y also gave !m two or ?ree  
h\rs1 :5 prea*+ c\ld be _h dur+ ! week4 
,!y ?us %[$ t !y 7 will+ to lose1 7if   
loss x 07 a portion ( _! "t = _!        

spiritual good4 ,?is c\rse soon remov$  
all outw>d opposition4  ,ano!r says1    
,m9i/]s ought n only to prea* a great   
deal m ?an =m]ly to s]vants1 b also     
prea* a great deal to :ite p ab\t !     
in/ruction ( s]vants1 s z to conv9ce !  
:ole *ur* & ! s]vants t we are 9 e>ne/ 9
 ?is bus9ess & int5d to p]sev]e4  ,ano!r
 says1 ,may ,i entreat y to be zeal\s1 z
 y value ! welf>e ( y\r c\ntry1 !       
prosp]ity ( our *ur*1 y\r own reputation
 z a m9i/] ( ! gospel1 & ! approbation (
 our ,"l & ,savi\r ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,i am  
assur$ t no?+ "u ,god1 w ev] give motion
 to our ,s\!rn ,zion 9 ?is mo/ mom5t\s (
 all causes ( ,*ri/ian b5evol5ce be=e u1
 b ! unit$1 det]m9$ & protract$ ef=t (  
,god's m9i/]s4  ,ano!r says1 ,"u pres5t 
circum/ances x is evid5t t !y :o engage 
9 ! delicate bus9ess ( in/ruct+ our     
slaves1 mu/ conf9e !mselves to ! me?od (
 oral communication4 ,b ?is limitation  
%\ld n produce ! slighte/ disc\ragem5t4 
,writt5 docum5ts bore b a small "p 9 !  
e>ly propagation ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,until !

 pres5t age1 inde$ ! mass ( ! p h       
receiv$ by f> ! great] "p ( _! religi\s 
k & impressions f ! m\? ( ! liv+ tea*]4 
,ev5 n[ p]haps ! majority 9 our own     
c\ntry h _! religi\s pr9ciples & "* =m$ 
ma9ly by oral in/ruction4  ,respect+ !  
me?od be/ adapt$ to ! negroes1 exp]i5ce 
mu/ decide4 ,a few rem>ks w develop !   
g5]al pr9ciples on :i* ,i w\ld act if   
call$ to ?is high & holy duty4  #a/4 ,to
 /udy to make ! in/ructions giv5 bo?    
pleasant & pr(itable to ! in/ruct$4 ,!  
:ole c>cass ( mod]n te*nical !ology--its
 metaphysics--its subtle di/9ctions--its
 my/ical dogmas--its sect>ian           
polemics--its te*nical phrases1 c4      
c4--%\ld be ca/ away by him :o goes to  
?is simple & ignorant p z a ,*ri/ian    
tea*]4 ,he %\ld "k no?+ among !m b !    
pla9 facts1 & practical precepts1 & !   
devotional s5tim5ts ( ! ,bible2 & ^! he 
%\ld set =? 9 ! mo/ simple1             
intelligible1 & animat$ language1 ab\nd+
 9 illu/rations drawn f objects famili> 
to 8 auditors4 ,b let him avoid negroism

 & vulg>ity ( all sorts--!y w\ld detract
 f 8 respectability1 & be (f5sive to !  
und]/&+1 & native ta/e ( ! negroes      
!mselves1 :o are ignorant inde$1 & to a 
degree /upid--b !y are n fools4  #b;d4  
,to /udy maturely1 & to dige/ 9 a lucid 
ord]1 a sy/ematic c\rse ( in/ruction--n 
! te*nical sy/em ( ! s*ools--b a sy/em (
 pla91 practical tru?1 adapt$ to !      
peculi> /ate ( ! p to be                
in/ruct$--illu/rat+1 inculcat+1 repeat+ 
fundam5tal tru?s1 & scriptural maxims1  
till !y are well und]/ood3 aim+ fir/ to 
lay ! f\ndation ( a rational fai? & an  
intellig5t conviction--be=e ! feel+s &  
fancies ( a bl9d en?usiasm are /irr$ up4
 ,x is peculi>ly dang]\s1 to set fire to
 ! combu/ible heap ( crude & fanatical  
fancies t occupy ! bra9 ( an ignorant   
p]son1 su* z are mo/ ( ! un9/ruct$      
negroes4 ,x is no h>d ?+ to guide a well
 in/ruct$ m9d1 9 :i* reason & consci5ce 
h _! due influ5ce--b :at c be done ) a  
full bl[n en?usia/1 or a furi\s fanatic1
 :o is madd5$ by ! *im]as ( a diseas$   

fancy8 ,!y w disda9 sob] in/ruction &   
set up = !mselves4 ,!y w be y\r rivals1 
& h ! advantage ( y too1 :5 once ! flame
 ( bl9d en?usiasm is k9dl$ 9 !          
congregation4  #c;d4 ,to avoid cramm+ an
 unprep>$ m9d ) too mu* at once4 ,a few 
ideas at "o "t %\ld be cle>ly express$ &
 deeply impress$4 ,d n hurry matt]s2 b  
let ! weak /oma* dige/ "o bit1 be=e     
ano!r is adm9i/]$2 relieve ! we>i$      
att5tion1 & quick5 pure devotional      
feel+1 by sweet hymns & simple f]v5t    
pray]s1 & %ort affectionate             
exhortations4  #d?4 ,to comb9e v>i\s    
modes ( in/ruction2 n[ a %ort s]mon1    
me?odically exhibit+ a s+le po9t ( tru? 
or duty2 n[ a suitable passage (        
scripture ) a pi?y comm5t>y2 n[ a       
cate*etical ex]cise1 ei!r on ! la/ s]mon
 or by lectur+ at ! "t1 prop\nd+ a po9t 
cle>ly1 & !n exam9+ ! auditor to see if 
he rememb] & und]/&4 ,?is w quick5      
att5tion1 fix :at is und]/ood1 & detect 
:at is want+4  ,to c>ry on ?is c\rse1   
meet !m twice on ,sabba? & once 9 ! week

 if possible4 ,b d n claim too mu* ( _! 
,sunday leisure1 or !y w %un y4  #e?4   
,to ga9 _! confid5ce & love1 sympa?ize )
 _! innoc5t feel+s1 talk to !m          
privately1 pres]ve a mild dignity )\t   
contemn+ _! ignorance & degradation4 ,h 
all pati5ce ) !m4  #f?4 ,d no?+ )\t !   
ma/]'s cons5t4 ,tea* !m :at ,paul       
direct$ slaves to d & be2 b bew>e (     
press+ ^! duties too /rongly &          
frequ5tly1 le/ y beget ! fatal suspicion
 t y are b execut+ a selfi% s*eme ( !   
:ite man to make !m bett] slaves1 r ?an 
to make !m ,*ri/'s freem54 ,if !y       
suspect ?is1 y lab\r 9 va94  ,ano!r     
says1 ,on ! modes ( communicat+ a sav+ k
 ( ,div9e ,tru? to ! col\r$ population1 
be/ suit$ to _! g5ius1 habits1 &        
condition1 we mu/ rememb] t oral        
in/ruction is ! k9d ( in/ruction alone t
 is univ]sally all[$ 9 slavehold+       
,/ates4 ,h5ce ! "q ) u w be1 9 :at mode 
c oral in/ruction be be/ communicat$8   
,i answ]1 #a/4 ,no?+ c take ! place (   
compet5t1 qualifi$ m9i/]s or            

mission>ies2 m5 exclusively devot$ to ! 
"w1 :o %all make x _! lifetime lab\r &  
/udy1 to :om adequate support mu/ be    
giv54 ,! *ur* is z mu* b\nd to furni% & 
support su* mission>ies1 z mission>ies  
to any o!r hea!n p 9 ! _w4  #b;d4 ,_!   
lab\rs mu/ be at *ur*es or conv5i5t     
/ations on ! ,sabba?2 & f plantation to 
plantation dur+ ! week4 ,plantation     
meet+s are sc>cely exce$$ 9 utility by  
,sabba? or any o!r k9d ( meet+s1 & !re=e
 %\ld be vigor\sly prosecut$4 ,z a g5]al
 rule none %\ld att5d b resid5ts on !   
e/ates :]e !y are held4  #c;d4 ,9       
addition to ! prea*+ ( ! gospel1 classes
 ( in/ruction %\ld be =m$1 embrac+ 9 !  
fir/ division1 adults2 & 9 ! second1    
*ildr5 & y\?4 ,special in/ruction %\ld  
also be giv5 to ^? :o are memb]s ( !    
*ur*1 & ^? :o are apply+ = admission4   
,let ha/y admissions be avoid$4  #d?4 ,!
 mann] ( communicat+ in/ruction %\ld be 
pla9 & famili>2 fully )9 _!             
compreh5sion2 )\t co>s5ess or levity2 & 
) f]v\r4 ,9 ! e>li] /ages ( in/ruction1 

! cate*etical me?od may be resort$ to ) 
success1 y\r subjects be+ ( ! simple/   
k9d2 z y advance & y\r p acquire habits 
( att5tion & reflection & improve 9 k1  
y\r subjects may be m elevat$4  #e?4 ,! 
matt] ( prea*+1 at lea/ = no v          
inconsid]able a "t1 may be *iefly1      
n>ratives1 biographies1 /rik+ works (   
,god1 miracles1 p>ables4 ,didactic      
disc\rses1 at lea/ at fir/1 are f> f be+
 int]e/+ to !m4 ,v>y ! ex]cises ( wor%ip
 by s++1 & s+ /&+4 ,let portions (      
scripture be committ$ to memory1 z well 
z psalms1 hymns & spiritual songs1 to   
take ! place ( ! fooli% & irrev]5t ones 
t are (t5 9 use among !m4 ,! besett+ s9s
 ( ?is p ought to be expos$ cont9ually4 
,"h give l9e ^u l9e1 & precept ^u       
precept1 until consci5ce is enlight5$4  
,give enc\ragem5t 9 prea*+1 address !m z
 m51 m5 :om y love1 m5 :om y believe to 
be capable ( improvem5t1 & :o1 y make no
 d\bt1 w improve4  #f?4 ,( ! classes (  
in/ruction1 ,i w\ld say t !y are (      
incalculable b5efit4 ,all t c be said 9 

fav\r ( ,sabba? s*ools1 & ,bible        
classes1 c be said 9 fav\r ( ^! classes3
 prop]ly conduct$1 !y are no?+ less or  
m1 ?an ,sabba? s*ools1 & ,bible classes 
= col\r$ p]sons4 ,our ma9 hope (        
p]man5tly improv+ ?is p lies j :]e x    
does ) e o!r p3 9 ! in/ruction ( *ildr5 
& y\?4 ,be be=eh& ) _! p>5ts1 :o c only1
 9 ! va/ majority ( cases1 inculcate    
evil bo? by ^w & de$2 & if x 7          
practicable1 an entire sep>ation (      
*ildr5 & adults 7z is attempt$ by our   
mission>ies at "s ( ! /ations by bo>d+  
s*ools & ! l17 w\ld be ! be/ ?+ t c\ld  
be done4 ,e ef=t !re=e %\ld be made to  
draw out & atta* *ildr5 & y\? to !      
s*ools op5$ on ! ,sabba?1 at /ations1 & 
to s*ools op5$ 9 plantations4 ,:]ev] ^! 
s*ools are op5$1 if ! mission>y _c be   
support$ by good tea*]s1 let him in/ruct
 ! :ole s*ool1 on ! infant s*ool plan   
himself4 ,8 in/ructions too %\ld n be   
%ort1 & imp]fect1 b embrace "s regul>   
sy/em ( ,*ri/ian doctr9e & practice2 s t
 aft] a reasonable "t1 :5 ! c\rse is    

complet$1 a connect$ & intellig5t view (
 ,*ri/ianity w h be5 communicat$4       
,connect$ ) su* a regul> c\rse (        
in/ruction1 may be ! use ( scripture    
c>ds1 & ! l2 tea*+ !m to s+ hymns1 c4 ,e
 ?+ ,i may say dep5ds ^u ! tea*]4 ,if he
 is an int]e/+ man1 he w behold increas$
 int]e/ & rapid improvem5t 9 8 classes4 
,) adult classes ! improvem5t w g5]ally 
be sl[] & ! int]e/ p]haps less & n s    
easily kept up4 ,let ! same g5]al c\rse 
( in/ruction be pursu$ ) !m1 = lit]ally 
!y are b gr[n up *ildr54  #g?4 ,i mu/ n 
omit to m5tion1 t ^! ef=ts ( regul>ly   
appo9t$ mission>ies1 mu/ be second$ by  
pa/ors ( *ur*es1 & :5 !y c1 let !m h 9  
_! own *ur*es1 col\r$ s*ools1 "u !      
sup]9t5dance ( eld]s & laym54 ,is x n   
wond]ful t our *ur*es h s long rema9$   
indiff]5t to ?is mo/ int]e/+ field (    
lab\r8 ,"o-half or two-?irds ( our      
memb]s h no?+ to d4 ,& :y is x s8       
,because !y w n lab\r = ! col\r$        
population4 ,let pa/ors awake & br+ !   
subject /rongly & repeat$ly be=e _! p4  

#h?4 ,! ,mission>y mu/ be support$ by   
,*ri/ian own]s2 !y mu/ lab\r to improve 
! s]vants at home2 hav+ regul> s*ools = 
! *ildr5 & meet+s = ! in/ruction (      
adults4 ,!y %\ld enc\rage _! p to att5d 
public wor%ip1 especially %\ld !y s5d ! 
*ildr5 to ,sabba? s*ool2 o!rwise su*    
s*ools1 let ! mission>y or tea*] d :at  
he may1 w decl9e 9 all ord9>y cases4    
#i?4 ,let own]s also pay special        
att5tion to _! plantation regulations2  
all ^! %\ld be f\nd$ on ,*ri/ian        
pr9ciple4 ,discipl9e1 lab\r1 h\ses1     
food1 clo?+1 %\ld all be att5d$ to2 le/ 
9 works we d5y our pr(ession4 ,?is is   
fundam5tal4  #aj?4 ,:ile /rict          
subord9ation is ma9ta9$ on plantations1 
! g5]al police ( c\nties %\ld be rigidly
 adh]$ to1 & if possible ! col\r$       
population protect$ f ard5t spirits4 ,! 
plan n[ h9t$ at1 or "o v simil>1 w      
p]haps be f\nd be/ suit$ to _! g5ius1   
habits1 & condition4  ,b we mu/ close4  
,if our read]s feel half ! int]e/ 9 ?is 
subject1 :i* its importance dem&s1 !y w 

?ank u = ^! views1 ev5 if !y %\ld n     
concur 9 e sugge/ion made4 ,let e man /&
 9 8 lot1 & put on ! :ole arm\r ( ,god4 
99       99       99       99       99  
,transcrib]'s ,notes3  ,! transcrib]    
made ^! *anges to ! text to correct     
obvi\s errors3    #a4 p4  #g1           
misssion>ies -- mission>ies   #b4 p4    
#g1 pr$judic$ -- prejudic$   #c4 p4  #h1
 "k by ! "n -- kn[n by ! "n   #d4 p4    
#i1 ?anfulness --?ankfulness   #e4 p4   
#ah1 ,diocess -- ,diocese   #f4 p4 #ba1 
proce$s to to be paid -- proce$s to be  
paid   #g4 p4 #bb1 p5alities -- p5alties
   #h4 p4 #be1 develope -- develop   #i4
 p4 #be1 metaphics -- metaphysics  #aj4 
p4 #bg1 advoid$ -- avoid$  ,end (       
,transcrib]'s ,notes