f ! ,google ,pr9t project47             
,illu/ration3 image ( ,millie ,ryan     
,:at ,e ,s+] ,%\ld ,"k  ,illu/ration3   
music-h>p  ,publi%$ by  ,,frankl9       
,,publi%+ ,,co4  ,,omaha1 ,,nebr4       
,copyright$ #aiaj  by  ,,millie ,,ryan  
,,d$ication4  ,i ,,lov+ly ,,d$icate     
,,?is ,,book  ,,to ,,my ,,son1  ,,edw>d 
,,ryan1 ,,jr4     ,,table ,,( ,,cont5ts4
   ,is x ,wor? ,my ,:ile to ,h ,my      
,voice ,cultivat$                  #a   
,c ,i ,become a ,gr& ,op]a ,s+]8        
#h  ,at ,:at ,age ,%all ,i ,take ,up !  
,/udy ( ,voice ,culture8          #ab   
,s++ ,lessons z a ,heal? ,culture       
#bc  ,advice to ,p>5ts                  
#be  ,is x ,necess>y to g ,abroad to    
,/udy8                           #bh    
,*orus ,s++                             
#cd  ,/age ,fright                      
#cf  ,! ,accompani/                     
#db  ,select+ a ,tea*]                  
#de  ,art = ,art's ,sake                
#eb  ,educat+ ! ,masses                 
#eg  ,h9ts & ,helps                     

#fd  ,:at & ,h[ to ,practice            
#gc  ,! ,brea?                          
#hc  ,a ,few ,practical ,ex]cises &     
,illu/rations                        #hh
     ,,introduction4   ,?is book is n = 
! purpose ( in/ruction 9 s++1 z s++ is  
an art :i* _c be taught f book or       
correspond5ce4 ,nei!r is x a te*nical   
treatise on ! voice1 b in/ead ,i aim    
?r\gh ! m$ium ( my book to h a          
he>t-to-he>t talk ) ! beg9n]1 & ) ^? :o 
contemplate ! /udy ( voice culture4     
,books ab\nd+ 9 te*nical t]ms are       
valueless to a beg9n]1 & ! f9i%$ arti/  
does n ne$ su* a book4 ,!re are _m      
valuable books publi%$1 b v few :i* are 
writt5 9 a mann] simple en\gh = ! beg9n]
 to grasp4 ,i wi% to give all ! valuable
 h9ts & helps t x has tak5 ye>s (       
exp]i5ce to ga!r1 cov]+ all ! que/ions t
 are absolutely necess>y to "k1 mak+ x  
brief1 simple & und]/&able4             
,illu/ration3 ,,madame ,,lillian        
,,nordica  ,:o is c>ry+ out h] plans (  
e/abli%+ a cons]vatory ( music & fe/ival

 h\se = op]atic p]=mances1 at ,neal1    
,n4,j4 ,mme4 ,nordica says3 ,i am       
confid5t t !re is a cry+ ne$ 9 ?is      
c\ntry = ?is sort ( musical e/abli%m5t4 
,pres5t conditions make x impossible to 
enable ! public to enjoy op]a 9 ,engli% 
or to he> ! s++ ( t great ho/ ( tal5t$  
,am]icans :o are =c$ to address _! ef=ts
 to ,european audi5ces4     ,,is ,,x    
,,wor? ,,my ,,:ile ,,to ,,h ,,my ,,voice
 ,,cultivat$8   ,! fir/ "q :i* arises ) 
all ^? :o possess an av]age s++ voice   
is1 ,w x pay me to /udy voice culture8  
,! answ] may be f\nd 9 ! foll[+3  ,if y 
possess a good voice1 d n hesitate a    
mom5t to cultivate x1 reg>d+ x z ! mo/  
beautiful gift grant$ y by              
,heav54--,s*umann4  ,b1 says !          
applicant1 ,i mu/ make my own liv+4 ,h  
,i en\gh mat]ial to cultivate & be able 
to realize returns8  ,?is dep5ds        
entirely on y\rself & :at y\r ambitions 
are4  ,!re is a great field 9 music1 &  
if y h e>1 voice1 & tal5t1 ,,/udy4 ,&1  
if 9 addition to ^! y h ambition1       

det]m9ation & application1 y are sure ( 
success4 ,:at y\r field ( op]ation w be1
 :e!r *ur*1 conc]t or op]a1 "t w decide4
  ,! p[] to w9 is y\rs--det]m9e to      
succe$ & y _c fail4  ,9 ord] to make a  
success ( any?+1 y mu/ give x y\r       
undivid$ att5tion1 & :ile do+ s1 y\r aim
 mu/ be fix$ con/antly on ! goal :i* y  
desire to atta94 ,rome 0 n built 9 "o   
day1 nei!r c ! elem5t>y tra9+ ( a voice 
be accompli%$ 9 a ye>4  ,if y are 9 good
 heal?1 y mu/ nev] all[ ! w>m days (    
summ] to be an ob/acle to y\r practice4 
,c y imag9e ! successful bank]1 ris+ "y 
doctor1 lawy] or actor /opp+ _! "w      
because ( a w>m day8 ,!re may be "s :o  
d1 b !y are n ! ones :o are successful4 
,:5 y he> a great s+]1 ?9k ( ! ob/acles 
%e mu/ h ov]come 9 rea*+ h] position (  
excell5ce4 ,nev] d\bt y\rself or y\r    
ability1 b say t :at det]m9ation &      
application h done = o!rs c be done =   
me4  ,y mu/ h confid5ce 9 y\rself if y  
want o!rs to h confid5ce 9 y4  ,nev]    
lose y\r temp]4 ,adel9e ,patti 0 ask$ h[

 %e pres]v$ h] *>m long aft] ! spr+time 
( y\? des]ts ! av]age woman4 ,%e repli$1
 ,i keep my temp]4 ,don't expect to     
grasp1 assimilate & put into practice 9 
"o lesson :at x has tak5 ye>s = y\r     
tea*] to accompli%4  ,i rememb] "o pupil
 :o said h] purse w\ld n all[ any?+     
bett] ?an a hall room 9 ,new ,york = a  
:ole w9t]'s /udy1 & t %e really _h no   
*ance to practice1 z h] room 0 too      
small4 ,?is 0 a v poor excuse1 z t 0    
m]ely "o ob/acle to be ov]come4  ,!     
arti/s :o h rea*$ ! top are ^? :o h _h  
innum]able ob/acles to ov]come4  ,9     
,switz]l&1 ov] a little b>b] %op1 9 a   
room s small t !re 0 n room = two *airs 
9 addition to ! piano1 ,madame ,nordica1
 ) ,madame ,cosima ,wagn]1 & a coa*]1   
practic$ daily4 ,! foll[+ w9t] %e won "o
 ( ! successes ( h] c>e]1 z ,isolde4    
,to rea* ! top 9 ! pr(ession1 y mu/ h m 
?an voice & application1 = a s+] may h !
 greate/ ( te*nique1 yet lack s\l &     
intellig5ce4 ,! latt] two y mu/ possess1
 z ^! ! tea*] is unable to give y4  ,!  

beg9n]1 9 s++1 ne$s a model to imitate1 
j z mu* z ! pa9t] or sculptor4 ,ev]y?+  
is imitation until y develop 9 y\r "w2  
y\r individuality w ass]t itself z y    
become pr(ici5t4 ,d n all[ anyone to    
fright5 y by tell+ y nev] imitate or y w
 simply be a p>rot4 ,only ! v poor tea*]
 :o kn[s h] own weakness z a model w\ld 
make su* an ass]tion4 ,if ! beg9n] is   
=tunate en\gh to secure a tea*] :o c    
demon/rate a p]fect tone1 d n be afraid 
to imitate4  ,9 ord] to fully int]pret !
 emotions x is necess>y to h k outside (
 ! s++ lesson4 ,x is = ?is reason t s+]s
 seldom rea* ! /age ( arti/ until !y are
 pretty well advanc$ 9 ye>s4 ,x is n h[ 
_m lessons y take1 b ! gradual          
developm5t1 :i* y atta9 ?r\gh exp]i5ce4 
,y mu/ feel ! he>tbeats ( o!rs1 mu/ "k  
intimately joy1 pa9 & sorr[ 9 ord] to   
fully express ^! emotions4 ,!re is no   
rule ( "r & wrong 9 ! int]pretation ( a 
song1 x be+ simply a matt] ( op9ion4 ,t 
is :]e ! individuality ass]ts itself4 ,i
 rememb] tak+ ! old w>horse1 ,una ,voce 

,poco ,fa1 f ,il ,b>bi]e 7,ross9i7 to   
?ree ( ! greate/ liv+ s++ ma/]s 9       
,italy4 ,ea* "o int]pret$ ! aria a      
little diff]5tly1 & ,i am positive ea*  
?\ght he 0 ! ne>e/ to ! compos]'s idea4 
,:i* "o 0 correct8  ,:5 y s+ y are      
deliv]+ a message1 & y mu/ make y\r     
audi5ce und]/& & feel x1 z x is our     
'feel+s' above all t are imm$iately     
affect$ by music4--,von ,web]4  ,d n be 
too anxi\s to realize f9ancially4       
,consid] t ,wagn]'s sal>y z *oir-ma/] 9 
! city ( ,w>saw 0 less ?an #ab4jj a     
mon?4 ,! great drawback to _m ( ! /ud5ts
 9 ,am]ica is ! desire to "w on !       
surface only--!y don't seem will+ to />t
 at ! beg9n+ & "w _! way up4 ,! matt] ( 
/udy+ voice culture = a ye> does n make 
x possible = ! s+] to /ep be=e an       
audi5ce & atta9 imm$iate success )\t o!r
 prep>ation4  ,x takes m ?an ! /udio to 
make a />4 ,no arti/ ev] began z a ma/]4
 ,9 addition to be+ a s+]1 y mu/ possess
 tal5t1 "* & ! ability to manage4 ,if   
!re is "o ( ^! qualities lack+1 y mu/   

rema9 only an arti/4 ,x takes all ?ree 9
 accord to produce a ,,/>4     ,,c ,i   
,,become ,a ,,gr& ,,op]a ,,s+]8   ,!    
av]age tea*]1 9 fact1 mo/ tea*]s1 w say1
 ,yes1 if y /udy1 b ?is is n true1 z y h
 only ab\t "o *ance 9 a ?\s&4 ,h y any  
idea ( ! requirem5ts necess>y 9 ord] to 
become a /> ( ! ,metropolitan ,op]a     
,company8  ,y mu/ h a f9e voice1 a big  
voice1 a voice ( great p[] & endurance1 
f9e enunciation1 cle> & correct         
pronunciation1 k ( ! mod]n languages1 h 
at lea/ tw5ty-five op]as committ$ to    
memory1 f9e dramatic ability1 good      
physique1 size1 p]sonality & pull4 ,& y 
mu/ also be on ! o!r side ( ! ocean to  
accept ! engagem5t2 & !n1 y\r acceptance
 by a director to /> is ab\t z difficult
 z an audi5ce ) a k+4  ,illu/ration3    
,,alb]t ,,mild5b]g  ,! well kn[n compos]
 :o has enaug]at$ a plan to e/abli%     
,municipal ,gr& ,op]a 9 ,new ,york      
,city4 ,mr4 ,mild5b]g's exp]i5ce z      
conductor 9 ! ,municipal ,op]a ,h\ses 9 
,france & ,italy has fitt$ him well =   

?is laudable und]tak+ :i* w pave ! way =
 ! tra9+ & plac+ ( _m tal5t$ pupils 9   
?is c\ntry1 :o h h]et(ore be5 compell$  
to g abroad 9 ord] to secure positions  
on ! ,gr& ,op]a ,/age4  ,!re is no      
reason :y a p]son ) voice & tal5t :o has
 to make 8 own liv+1 c\ld n d s aft]    
sev]al ye>s ( /udy4 ,i h ov] "o hundr$  
pupils :o are mak+ a good liv+ by s++1 &
 z _m m hold+ *ur* positions pay+ !m    
en\gh to enable !m to cont9ue _! /udies4
  ,%[ me a pupil :o has to make 8 own   
liv+1 & :o has /udi$ ) "o tea*] = eight 
or n9e ye>s & is n mak+ 8 liv+ by s++1 &
 y are %[+ me "o :o nev] w4  ,!re is1 ( 
c\rse1 no end to ! /udy ( voice culture4
 ,i h /udi$ m or less = ov] tw5ty ye>s &
 am /ill /udy+1 b if y h to make y\r own
 liv+1 secure :atev] position may be op5
 to y4 ,! *ur* or conc]t position is    
equally valuable z ! op]a4  ,9 ,europe1 
:]e y he> gr& op]a all ! ye> ar\nd1 x   
becomes a second nature1 b "h 9 our     
we/]n cities1 until rec5tly1 gr& op]a 0 
almo/ unkn[n2 two or ?ree p]=mances a   

ye> 0 ab\t all we c\ld hope =4 ,?is 0 n 
en\gh to ?or\ghly acqua9t ! p ) ! op]as1
 & n en\gh to create a dem&4  ,9 a we/]n
 city ( #bjj1jjj inhabitants :]e five   
ye>s ago x 0 impossible to draw an      
audi5ce ( a hundr$ p]sons unless h]ald$ 
by spectacul> adv]tis+1 ,i _h ! pleasure
 ( witness+ ?is ye> ,/&+ ,room ,only    
dur+ ! p]=mance ( ! de> old op]as1 ,il  
,trovatore1 ,fau/ & ,c>m54 ,! op]as t ! 
p h become acqua9t$ ) ?r\gh !           
phonographs1 ! or*e/ras & ! gr& op]a    
/udy clubs1 organiz$ by ! m up-to-date  
tea*]s4 ,mr4 ,alb]t ,mild5b]g is tak+ up
 a mo/ comm5dable "w1 t ( e/abli%+ !    
municipal gr& op]a 9 ,new ,york ,city2  
he w ev5tually succe$1 &1 ) ,h]r ,&reas 
,dippel organiz+ p]man5t gr& op]a 9 !   
l>g] cities we/ ( ,new ,york1 x w n be  
long be=e ! gr& op]a positions w be     
pl5tiful4 ,)9 ! next ye>1 ?r\gh ! ef=ts 
( ,victor ,maurel1 ! gr& op]a sung 9    
,engli% w also ga9 gr\nd1 & divide      
honors ) ! ,fr5*1 ,g]man & ,italian1    
giv+ ^? :o h n /udi$ ! =eign languages1 

b :o are o!rwise prep>$1 a *ance =      
positions on ! gr& op]a /age4  ,"s      
cranks insi/ t ! days ( ! old ,italian  
op]a1 ) its arias & glori\s coloratura  
"w1 are pass+ 9 ord] to give place = !  
new music drama4 ,?is is n correct1 & w 
n be possible z long z !re are excell5t 
s+]s :o c s+ ^! op]as4 ,we h room = bo? 
! gr& op]a & ! music drama4  ,to be an  
arti/ is ! aim ! /ud5t has 9 view1 &    
/udy is ! means to t end4     ,,at ,,:at
 ,,age ,,%all ,i ,,take ,,up ,,! ,,/udy 
,,( ,,voice ,,culture8   ,mrs4 ,l4 & h] 
#ae-ye>-old daught] call$ at my /udio4  
,! "m expla9$ t h] little girl _h be5   
lead+ ! s++ 9 s*ool ev] s9ce %e 0 elev5 
ye>s old1 b t h] voice 0 n z good z x   
us$ to be1 & t %e w\ld l to h h] /udy1 b
 ?\ght %e 0 too "y4 ,i tri$ ! girl's    
voice & f\nd two regi/]s us$ s diff]5tly
 t a p]son sitt+ 9 ! next room w\ld ?9k 
!y 7 li/5+ to two p]sons s++4 ,%e _h a  
t]rible break betwe5 ! *e/ & head tones1
 & = f\r ye>s _h be5 develop+ 9 ?is bad 
way ( s++4 ,n[1 ?is *ild %\ld ei!r h    

tak5 up voice culture at elev5 ye>s (   
age or n lead ! s++ 9 s*ool4 ,*ildr51 ) 
v few exceptions1 9 go+ f *e/ to head   
tones1 w s+ ) ! ?roat1 n und]/&+ h[ to  
make ! *ange1 or r h[ to place ! tone2 9
 ?is way produc+ a break1 :i* lat] 9    
life1 :5 !y take up voice culture1 w    
cause endless1 & 9 "s cases1 p]man5t    
tr\ble4  ,i "k ( _m *ildr5 :o s+ at     
ent]ta9m5ts1 s*ool1 *ur*1 etc41 & y w   
he> _! p>5ts say1 ,sc>cely a week passes
 t my daught] does n s+ at "s           
ent]ta9m5t4 ,if %e 7 a little old]1 we  
w\ld h h] take up voice culture4 ,n[1 if
 y\r daught] is old en\gh to s+ at      
ent]ta9m5ts1 %e is old en\gh to /udy4   
,ei!r d n let h] s+1 or put h] "u ! c>e 
( a good tea*]4  ,h[ %all ,i "k if %e is
 "u prop] in/ruction8  ,a good tea*] w1 
fir/ ( all1 n all[ h] to s+ at ! top (  
h] voice1 :i* all *ildr5 seem to delight
 9 do+4 ,a good tea*] w n develop on !  
extreme high or extreme l[ tones4 ,a    
good tea*] w ev5 up ! m$ium regi/]1 tea*
 h] h[ to use ! brea? on ! tone1 h[ to  

place ! tone1 ov]com+ all seem+ *ange f 
*e/ to head1 w give h] p]fect           
pronunciation & enunciation4 ,?is c be  
done at any age f elev5 ye>s1 dep5d+ on 
! individual4 ,a girl :o has good e>1 & 
:o does n lead ! s++ 9 s*ool at elev5 & 
s+ at ent]ta9m5ts1 c beg9 at sixte5 or  
sev5te5 & develop into a v f9e s+]4     
,%\ld my son take up voice culture be=e 
8 voice has *ang$8  ,?is case is j !    
same z ) ! girl1 if he s+s4 ,9 fact1 ,i 
h f\nd 9 my tw5ty ye>s' exp]i5ce z s+] &
 tea*] t ! boy :o /udies voice culture  
be=e 8 voice *anges has an easy road to 
travel aft] 8 voice has *ang$4 ,_m boys'
 voices h n f9i%$ *ang+ until !y are    
eighte5 or n9ete5 ye>s ( age4 ,! boy :o 
/udi$ be=e 8 voice began *ang+ und]/&s !
 brea? control1 ! plac+ ( ! tone1 & !   
pronunciation & enunciation4 ,^! f\r    
fundam5tals are absolutely necess>y 9   
ord] to s+ well2 & :e!r 8 voice1 aft] ! 
*ange1 develops into t5or or bass1 ^!   
fundam5tals rema9 ! same1 & enable him  
to cont9ue1 in/ead ( m]ely beg94 ,! boy1

 :o has /udi$1 or is "u a good          
in/ructor1 w "k :5 to /op s++4 ,i h kn[n
 _m boys ) promis+ voices1 :o h ru9$ !m 
entirely by s++ or try+ to s+ dur+ !    
*ange4 ,b !y 7 n boys :o 7 "u           
in/ruction1 or !y w\ld h kn[n bett]4 ,i 
d n claim t x is necess>y to beg9 ! /udy
 ( voice culture z a *ild1 z ?is is     
entirely a matt] ( ! individual1 b ,i d 
claim t y c c\nt on "o h& ! s+]s :o h   
rea*$ di/9ction & ^: voices h la/$ any  
l5g? ( "t1 :o />t$ _! s++ lessons aft]  
!y 7 out ( _! te5s4  ,i h pupils :o are 
mak+ a good liv+ z *ur* soloi/s & on !  
conc]t /age1 :o comm5c$ _! /udy aft] !y 
7 tw5ty ye>s old1 b !y are ! exception1 
& n ! rule4  ,i ?9k a woman has !       
greate/ success 9 tea*+ *ildr54 ,?is may
 be p>tly due to h] mat]nal in/9cts4 ,h]
 illu/rations & demon/rations are m     
simple ?an a man's4 ,h] pati5ce ) *ildr5
 also fits h] wond]fully well to tea* ! 
*ild4  ,y c accompli% no?+ ) ! voice    
?r\gh fe>4 ,if ! "y boy or girl loves ! 
"w1 looks =w>d to ! lessons1 !y _c fail 

9 :atev] !y und]take4  ,to satisfy ^? :o
 disagree ) me 9 reg>d to ! value ( e>ly
 /udy1 ,i w\ld ask !m to read ! lives ( 
! great s+]s1 & !y w f9d t ) v few      
exceptions !y took up ! /udy ( voice    
culture be=e & dur+ _! e>ly te5s4 ,space
 =bids me to give a complete li/4       
,h[ev]1 = ! b5efit ( ^? :o h no access  
to ! biographies ( ! s+]s1 ,i w select !
 names t ,i am sure y are famili> )1    
beg9n+ at #agdj1 & d[n to ! pres5t "t3  
,malibran1 "o ( ! _w's mo/ fam\s s+]s1  
at ! age ( sev5 0 /udy+ ,solfeggio )    
,pans]on at ,naples1 ,italy1 & made h]  
debut 9 gr& op]a 9 h] fifte5? ye>4      
,pes>oni made h] gr& op]a debut at      
sixte51 & tw5ty-five ye>s lat] we f9d h]
 /ill "o ( ! lead+ gr& op]a s+]s4       
,t]esa ,titj5s made h] debut 9 gr& op]a 
at ! age ( fifte54  ,paul9e ,lucca 0 s++
 at ?irte51 & made h] debut at ! age (  
sixte54  ,kellog made h] debut z ,gilda 
9 ,rigoletto at ! age ( eighte54  ,m9nie
 ,hauk took up voice /udy at ! age (    
twelve1 & 0 s++ 9 gr& op]a dur+ h]      

sev5te5? ye>4  ,*ri/9e ,nilson1 z a     
*ild1 sang on ! /reets1 0 plac$ "u an   
in/ructor1 & six mon?s lat] sang at     
,c\rt4  ,alb9i1 dur+ h] tw5ty-second    
ye>1 0 engag$ by ! ,royal ,italian ,gr& 
,op]a at ,cov5t ,g>d51 to s+ ! lead+    
roles ( ! gr& op]a4  ,scal*i /udi$ :ile 
a m]e *ild1 & made h] gr& op]a debut at 
! age ( sixte54  ,melba made h] debut 9 
gr& op]a :5 %e 0 tw5ty-two ye>s ( age4  
,nevada sang 9 public at ! age ( six1 & 
has be5 s++ ev] s9ce4  ,patti made a    
?ree-ye> conc]t t\r "u ! direction (    
,/rako%1 betwe5 ! ages ( eight & elev51 
& made h] gr& op]a debut at n9ete54     
,nordica made h] debut at fifte51 & is  
/ill "o ( ! greate/ & lovelie/ ( our    
s+]s4  ,sembri* sang solos 9 *ur* :5 %e 
c\ld sc>cely see ov] ! rail+1 & 0 9 gr& 
op]a at ! age ( tw5ty4  ,y may h d\bts z
 to ! art ( s++ ( ^? :om y h read ab\t1 
b ,i am sure y h he>d at lea/ ,scal*i1  
,melba1 ,patti1 ,nordica & ,sembri*1 & y
 c h no d\bt z to _! be+ class$ bo? z   
s+]s & arti/s4  ,x is ne$less to say t  

^! p mu/ h /udi$ ^! op]as 9 ord] to s+  
!m1 & :5 y take into consid]ation t !y 7
 n music dramas t require really m      
pr(ici5cy 9 act+ ?an 9 s++1 b ! ,italian
 op]as1 requir+ mo/ p]fect coloratura   
"w1 & ! ,wagn] op]as1 dem&+ heavy       
dramatic s++1 ,i ?9k y mu/ be conv9c$ t 
if e>ly /udy 7 injuri\s to ! voice1 ^!  
great song/]s w\ld n be liv+ examples ( 
my ass]tion4  ,someone w say1 ,?is may  
be ! case ) wom51 b :at ( ! m58  ,we f9d
 ! great ,g]man t5or1 ,alb]t ,nieman1   
s++ ! gr& op]a roles at eighte54        
,he9ri* ,vogl1 /yl$ ! ,int]pret] (      
,wagn]1 sang ^! op]a roles at ! age (   
tw5ty4  ,italo ,campan9i 0 s++ 9 gr&    
op]a at tw5ty-"o4  ,guilliam ,ibos1 !   
gr& ,fr5* t5or1 & ,van ,dyck1 7 bo? s++ 
! gr& op]a roles at ! age ( tw5ty-two4  
,jean de ,reszke 0 soloi/ at ! ca!dral  
at ,w>saw at ! age ( twelve1 & 0 s++ 9  
gr& op]a at tw5ty-two4 ,i am sure _m ( y
 h he>d him s+ aft] 8 =ty-fif? ye>1 & w 
n d5y t he is bo? s+] & arti/4  ,!n ,i  
he> someone say1 ,p]haps _! voices did n

 *ange1 z !y 7 t5ors4 ,!re is "s *ange  
at maturity 9 all voices4 ,v well1 :at  
ab\t ,victor ,maurel8 ,he 0 s++ ! gr&   
op]a roles at tw5ty-"o4 ,jean ,bapti/e  
,faure took up ! /udy ( ! voice at      
?irte51 & at tw5ty-two creat$ ! "p (    
,mephi/opheles 9 ,fau/4  ,^! m5 & wom51 
^: names /& out z brilliant />s 9 !     
firmam5t ( music1 /udi$ & sang be=e & 9 
_! e>ly te5s1 & ^! are ! voices t h be5 
ev]la/+4  ,)9 ! pa/ six or eight ye>s "s
 beautiful s+]s h appe>$ 9 ! gr&        
op]a--"o t5or :o claims to h /udi$ less 
?an six mon?s be=e he appe>$ 9 gr& op]a1
 & a soprano1 mak+ ! same claim1 & ?is  
/udy is suppos$ to h tak5 place aft] !y 
7 out ( _! te5s4 ,x w be ( int]e/ to    
wait & wat* ^! voices to see if !y w )/&
 ! we> ( tw5ty-five ye>s' s]vice1 & /ill
 be beautiful1 or l ! fire-fly1 radiate 
_! beautiful light b = a mom5t & !n     
disappe>4     ,,s++ ,,lessons ,,z ,a    
,,heal? ,,culture4   ,i %\ld l to take  
up ! /udy ( voice culture1 b am n v     
/rong4  ,t is ! v reason y %\ld take up 

s++4 ,i h se5 anmic girls take up ! /udy
 ( voice culture1 & at ! end ( "o ye>'s 
/udy develop p]fect brea?+1 a f9e full  
*e/1 rosy lips1 w>m h&s1 an elegant     
dige/ion1 & a good disposition4  ,!re is
 no tonic = ! n]ves equal to voice      
culture4 ,at "o ( ! l>ge sanit>iums :]e 
eight hundr$ & five pati5ts 7 suff]+ f  
tub]culosis1 !re 0 b "o :o _h be5 a s+]4
 ,! nasal brea?+ prev5ts ad5oids f      
develop+4 ,! deep respiration oxyg5ates 
! blood & gives u p[] to resi/ diseases4
 ,we /& & walk bett]4 ,we d]ive unusual 
pleasure = ourselves1 ) ! p[] to ent]ta9
 o!rs4 ,z ! /udy is unlimit$1 our int]e/
 _c fail to increase ) ea* ye>4 ,x fills
 our lives z no?+ else c d4  ,?\gh      
ev]y?+ else may appe> %all[ & repulsive1
 ev5 ! smalle/ task 9 music is s absorb+
 & c>ries u s f> away f t[n1 c\ntry &   
e>?1 & all e>?ly ?+s t x is truly a     
bless$ gift ( ,god4--,m5delsohn4  ,x is 
a fact t m p become pati5ts ?r\gh bor$om
 ?an ?r\gh fev]4 ,x is ! monotony ( !   
daily r\t9e & lack ( int]e/ :i* is !    

root ( mo/ ( ! illness & n]ves ( our    
pres5t day "y wom54  ,try ! /udy ( voice
 culture z an int]e/+ & p]man5t rem$y4  
,! cause ( musical indige/ion is !      
att5d+ ( conc]ts :]e "o is compell$ to  
li/5 to s++ or play+1 :i* is poorly     
execut$ or too f> beyond "o to be       
prop]ly und]/ood4     ,,advice ,,to     
,,p>5ts4   ,p>5ts %\ld enc\rage _!      
*ildr5 :o are tak+ up ! /udy ( voice    
culture1 z home enc\ragem5t is necess>y 
to *ildr54 ,i "k t p>5ts are incl9$ to  
?9k t :5 !y pay = ! music lessons1 no?+ 
fur!r %\ld be expect$ ( !m4 ,b ?is is   
positively a wrong idea4  ,d n make !   
great mi/ake ( =c+ y\r *ildr5 too soon  
^u ! public4 ,_m excell5t "y voices h   
be5 ru9$ 9 ?is mann]4 ,a *ild elev5 ye>s
 ( age 0 br\ght to my /udio4 ,%e _h e>1 
voice & tal5t1 b 0 almo/ sung out4 ,%e  
_h a bad break 9 h] voice1 & p]=m$ ! mo/
 unusual contortions 9 tak+ a tone1     
produc$ by pu%+ ! ?roat4 ,! "m assur$ me
 t ev]ybody ?\ght %e sang j gr&4 ,%e 0  
to s+ at an ent]ta9m5t 9 a mon?1 & !y   

?\ght a few lessons 9 voice culture w\ld
 be ( great value4 ,x took an h\r ( my  
valuable "t to conv9ce !m t %e mu/ n s+ 
at pres5t1 z x 0 positively necess>y to 
ov]come ! break 9 h] voice1 keep h] f   
s++ too mu*1 & cure h] audible brea?+4  
,!y f9ally arrang$ = h] in/ruction1 b   
made semi-mon?ly trips dur+ ?ree mon?s  
to asc]ta9 if %e 0 ready to s+ 9 public1
 & left ) ! rem>k t !y knew ( _m tea*]s 
:o w\ld be glad to h h] s+ = !m z an    
adv]tisem5t4 ,ev5 ! *ild 0 disappo9t$1 z
 und\bt$ly %e he>d no?+ b ?is at home4  
,p>5ts %\ld be s5sible en\gh to rememb] 
t _! little girl _c f9i% s*ool 9 ?ree   
mon?s1 t _! son _c g ?r\gh college 9    
?ree mon?s1 & t !y _c le>n to play !    
piano 9 ?ree mon?s4  ,t %e is "y & p w n
 expect mu* is n an excuse4 ,! public   
judge by :at !y see & he> & n by :at %e 
may be able to accompli% if %e is giv5  
"t4 ,h[ (t5 we h he>d fa!r say1 ,johnny1
 g & play a piece = ! company4 ,poor    
,johnny w\ld r take a lick+4 ,he kn[s he
 is n ready to play = company1 b fa!r   

says1 ,"h ,i h be5 pay+ = ,johnny's     
piano lessons & ,m>y's s++ lessons =    
ne>ly ?ree mon?s1 & ,i hav5't he>d a    
song or piece yet4 ,if !y are n le>n+   
any?+1 !y _h bett] quit tak+ lessons4 ,&
 poor ,johnny & ,m>y inflict on !       
company :at might be expect$ aft] only  
?ree mon?s ( tra9+4  ,p>5ts1 select a   
reputable tea*]--! highe/ pric$ is (t5 !
 *eape/ 9 ! end4 ,:5 y "k t !y are "u   
p]fect in/ruction1 leave x to ! tea*] z 
to :5 !y %\ld play or s+ 9 public1 & y w
 f9d t j z soon z !y are able1 ! tea*] w
 be z anxi\s & pleas$ z y\rself to h !m 
appe>4     ,,is ,,x ,,necess>y ,,to ,,g 
,,abroad ,,to ,,/udy8   ,?is1 ( c\rse1  
dep5ds entirely ^u y\r ambition4 ,!re   
are v few ,am]ican s+]s :o h rea*$      
positions on ! gr& op]a /age )\t hav+   
previ\sly /udi$ abroad4  ,x is well 9   
any case to get y\r prelim9>y tra9+ at  
home4 ,= tone plac+ & s++ y c d equally 
z well 9 ?is c\ntry z abroad1 z we h    
excell5t tea*]s "h f all p>ts ( ! globe4
  ,i w\ld advise ! boy or girl :o has a 

good home & lives 9 a community :]e x is
 possible to get prop] in/ruction to    
take _! fir/ two or ?ree ye>s ( "w 9 ?is
 c\ntry4 ,take up ! /udy ( languages &  
if y\r progress w>rants y\r mak+ a life 
"w ( music1 !n ,i w\ld sugge/ t y g to  
,europe 9 ord] to get ! broad5+ & !     
f9i%+ t\*es t are necess>y 9 ord] to    
become an arti/4  ,illu/ration3 ,,victor
 ,,maurel  ,! not$ b>itone = :om ,v]di  
compos$ ,otello & ,fal/aff1 ?9ks t      
,am]icans are z mu* entitl$ to he> _!   
language at ! ,op]a ,h\ses z ! ,g]man1  
,fr5* & ,italians4 ,to fur!r ?is project
 he w include op]a 9 ,engli% dur+ 8     
pres5t ,gr& ,op]a season 9 ,new ,york   
,city4 ,mr4 ,maurel also believes       
/rongly 9 giv+ "y ,am]ican arti/s ( real
 promise1 an occasion to make _! db 9   
?is c\ntry & "u favorable arti/ic       
patronage & he is go+ to give !m a *ance
 to d s4  ,= y\r ,g]man songs & op]as y 
%\ld g to ,g]many4 ,= ! ,italian op]as  
to ,italy1 :]e x is possible = y to live
 9 ! atmosph]e ( ! op]a & he> ! language

 e day4 ,! same also applies to ! ,fr5*1
 :o1 ( all p insi/ emphatically on      
p]fect diction4  ,y c1 ( c\rse1 take up 
& to "s ext5t le>n ! languages "h1 b y  
are liable to meet ) ! same disappo9tm5t
 z a "y lady f ! we/ :o /udi$ ,fr5* 9   
s*ool = sev]al ye>s & ?\ght h]self      
pr(ici5t 9 t language4 ,%e w5t to ,p>is 
to /udy music & x 0 fully six mon?s be=e
 %e 0 able to ei!r und]/& or to be      
und]/ood 9 common1 e-day conv]sation4   
,i am 9 favor ( ! class lessons s popul>
 9 ,europe1 & hope "s day we w be able  
to make !m univ]sal4 ,t5 or twelve      
pupils assemble at "o "t & ea* takes 8  
lesson 9 turn4 ,9 ?is way ea* gets !    
b5efit ( ! o!r lessons4 ,?is also       
enables ! pupils to become accu/om$ to  
s++ be=e ea* o!r1 :i* is invaluable 9   
ov]com+ n]v\sness4 ,"s pupils desire to 
take _! lessons 9 private1 z !y d n c>e 
to s+ be=e a class4 ,?is feel+ w        
gradually disappe> & x is mu* bett] to h
 x ov] ) 9 ! beg9n+1 ?an lat] :5 y are  
expect$ to g be=e a critic or manag] to 

s+4  ,! exp5se ( /udy+ abroad may be    
adju/$ entirely accord+ to y\r          
pocketbook4 ,:5 anyone tells y x is     
*eap] to /udy on ! o!r side1 !y display 
_! ignorance ( ! subject4 ,i h /udi$ 9  
?is c\ntry1 ,g]many1 ,france & ,italy1 &
 ,i h f\nd t1 includ+ ev]y?+1 x co/s    
ab\t ! same ev]y:]e4 ,y c secure bo>d & 
room f five doll>s a week up to any     
price y wi% to pay4 ,x is also possible 
to live *eap] ?an ?is if necess>y1 b = !
 /ud5t ( s++ x is ( great importance to 
eat good1 n\ri%+ food1 z x is impossible
 to s+ well unless y are 9 excell5t     
condition physically4  ,sev]al ( ! old  
,italian music ma/]s d n hesitate to say
 t x is ! ,am]ican ) ! l>ge purse :o has
 =c$ !m to raise _! prices1 :5 !y 7     
p]fectly satisfi$ to *>ge mu* less4     
,miss ,moneybag arrives 9 ,italy to take
 up voice culture4 ,%e calls on "o ( !  
old ma/]s2 he asks h] sev5te5 lire 7ab\t
 #c4jj7 p] lesson4 ,?is s\nds *eap to h]
 z %e has be5 pay+ #e4jj a lesson at    
home1 s %e />ts out aga9 look+ = a      

high]-pric$ tea*]4 ,%e f9ds "o :o has _h
 a little m exp]i5ce ) ! ,am]icans1 he  
sizes h] up & asks h] ?irty-five lira2  
?is s\nds m 9 accordance ) h]           
pocketbook1 & %e li/s = ! season4 ,?is  
siz+ up ( ! ,am]ican pocketbook has be5 
go+ on = "s "t & ! old ,mae/ro :o 0     
p]fectly satisfi$ ) #c4jj is wak+ to !  
fact t if he wants ^! ,am]icans he mu/  
raise 8 prices4 ,& s we f9d at pres5t1  
lessons co/+ ab\t ! same ! _w ov]4      
,h[ev]1 :5 ,miss ,small ,pocketbook &   
real tal5t arrives1 %e c always arrange 
t]ms 9 accordance ) h] pocketbook1 :5 %e
 proves %e is !re to accompli% results4 
,?is is n m]ely he>say1 b facts ga!r$ 9 
my int]views ) "s ( ! mo/ not$          
s++-ma/]s4  ,if y int5d to g into ! gr& 
op]a x is advisable to g abroad1 z x    
gives y ! pre/ige :i* is necess>y at    
pres5t1 9 ord] to secure ^! positions ( 
:i* we h a fair illu/ration 9 ! case ( a
 beautiful mezzo soprano :o _h be5 s++ )
 ! ,engli% ,gr& ,op]a ,company1 & ?\gh 9
 e way qualifi$ to s+ ) ! ,metropolitan 

,gr& ,op]a ,company1 0 unable to secure 
an engagem5t ) !m4 ,%e w5t abroad1 *ang$
 h] "n1 & return$ ! foll[+ season z "o (
 ! ,metropolitan ,gr& ,op]a />s1 & is   
/ill "o ( ! favorites 9 t company4  ,?is
 seems r inconsi/5t1 b is nev]!less     
true4  ,if y are =tunate en\gh to make  
y\r debut abroad y w h practically no   
tr\ble 9 secur+ a position ) any manag] 
on ?is side ( ! ocean4     ,,*orus      
,,s++4   ,x is ( great value to ! s+] to
 belong to a good *orus1 provid$ y "k   
en\gh n to attempt to be ! :ole *orus   
y\rself1 & are will+ to give ! o!rs a   
*ance4  ,to be a success 9 ! *orus y mu/
 obs]ve ! foll[+ rules3  ,be punctual4  
,/& erect1 & on bo? feet4 ,let y\r *e/  
lead4  ,make y\rself a "p ( ! *orus4    
,?is is n a solo4  ,don't annoy ^? ar\nd
 y by wiggl+ or fidget+4  ,rise & sit   
d[n 9 unison ) ! o!rs4  ,d n look all   
ov] ! place1 b keep y\r eyes on !       
conductor4  ,d n cov] y\r face ) y\r    
music4  ,rememb] x is ! conductor's duty
 to beat "t4 ,keep head1 arms & feet    

/ill4  ,d n try to s+ l\d] ?an ! o!rs4  
,y w n be he>d any bett] & w /ra9 y\r   
voice4  ,rememb] to hold ! long note =  
its full c\nt4  ,"t & rhy?m are ! two   
great factors 9 *orus s++4  ,rememb] t  
re/s are ( z great importance z notes 9 
music4  ,d n />t be=e or hang on aft] ! 
o!rs h ceas$ to s+4  ,d n fail to       
slightly acc5tuate ! fir/ beat ( ea*    
measure except :]e acc5ts are especially
 m>k$ on o!r beats4  ,don't look bor$   
because y mu/ /& up to s+4 ,det]m9e :e!r
 y are go+ to be too tir$ to d y\r "p   
be=e becom+ a memb] ( a *orus4  ,keep   
y\r eyes on ! conductor4     ,,/age     
,,fright4   ,i h nev] met a s+]1 amateur
 or pr(essional1 :o does n or has n at  
"s "t suff]$ f ?is dreadful malady4 ,!re
 is no positive cure b con/antly appe>+ 
be=e an audi5ce1 & !n "s ( ! s+]s nev]  
ov]come ?is =m ( n]v\sness4  ,! only    
consolation is 9 kn[+ t a p]son entirely
 void ( ?is feel+ w nev] make an arti/1 
z !y are lack+ 9 temp]am5t4 ,emotion is 
! fle% & blood ( music & ! condition is 

"o 9 :i* self-consci\sness1 n]v\s en]gy 
& emotion play a l>ge "p4 ,h[ev]1 z y   
ga9 confid5ce 9 y\rself & y\r "w1 & feel
 t y are 9 rapport ) y\r audi5ce1 ?is   
s5sation w we> (f to a great ext5t4  ,v 
few *ildr5 be=e _! te5s are tr\bl$ )    
/age fright4 ,9 fact1 !y seem to glory 9
 appe>+ be=e an audi5ce4 ,?is is ! be/  
"t to cont9ue ! "w t w be ( ine/imable  
value ! balance ( _! lives4 ,let !m     
appe> be=e ! classes 9 ! /udio until !y 
are prep>$ to appe> 9 public4  ,:5 "o   
beg9s to discuss n]v\sness1 sugge/ion   
takes x up & x spreads l wildfire4 ,a "y
 s+] :o _h appe>$ sev]al times 9 ! same 
solo & done excell5t "w 0 /epp+ on !    
/age to s+ :5 "o ( h] fri5ds ?\ghtlessly
 rem>k$3 ,ar5't y n]v\s ab\t t high     
',c8' ,! sugge/ion imm$iately lodg$ 9 h]
 bra9 & %e c\ld ?9k ( no?+ b t high ,c4 
,h] fe> increas$ & %e sang x ) an almo/ 
h]oic physical ef=t1 a tone t _h nev]   
giv5 h] ! lea/ tr\ble be=e4  ,x is !    
confid5t fri5d :o helps y to w9 y\r     
audi5ce by ! enc\rag+ rem>k1 ,i "k y w  

be a success1 :ile ! "o :o asks1  ,ar5't
 y afraid y are go+ to break d[n8 9     
reality w assi/ y 9 do+ s4 ,always try &
 h ! confid5t fri5ds ar\nd y1 especially
 9 ! e>li] /age ( y\r c>e]4  ,!re is an 
errone\s idea ab\t n eat+ be=e s++4 ,if 
y are n]v\s !re is no?+ s dang]\s z try+
 to s+ on an empty /oma*4 ,i "k ( s+]s  
:o eat no?+ on ! day !y are go+ to s+1 !
 result be+ increas$ n]v\sness caus$ f  
weakness4  ,i w\ld n advise a big meal  
be=e s++1 b ,i w\ld advise tak+ some?+1 
dep5d+ entirely on ! individual4 ,a cup 
( black c(fee1 a glass ( wat]1 a glass (
 cl>et1 an orange1 a raw egg1 or any?+ t
 agrees ) y4 ,give ! /oma* "s "w to d & 
t giddy feel+ w entirely disappe>4 ,i   
always take a raw egg be=e s++4  ,"o (  
our not$ t5ors1 be=e walk+ out on !     
/age1 lights a cig>ette1 takes ?ree     
puffs & ?r[s x away4 ,?ree puffs c\ld be
 ( v little value1 b he imag9es he s+s  
bett]4 ,judg+ f 8 age & voice1 & its    
endurance1 x has evid5tly n injur$ him1 
?\gh ,i w\ld n advise s+]s to use       

tobacco4  ,^? suff]+ f phlegm 9 ! ?roat 
w f9d almo/ in/ant relief 9 eat+ a dry  
prune4 ,i acquir$ ?is habit 9 ,italy1   
:]e x is v popul> ) ! s+]s4 ,dri$ prunes
 are b5eficial = ! g5]al heal? z well z 
! ?roat4 ,f9d :at agrees ) y1 = :at     
might be agreeable to "o may be         
disagreeable to ano!r4  ,:5 y /ep out on
 ! /age take "t to fully relax1 get y\r 
m9d on ! introduction y\r accompani/ is 
play+4 ,?is prep>es y = y\r song4 ,look 
beyond y\r audi5ce1 n at !m4  ,by ?is "t
 y w h fairly good control ( y\rself4   
,?9k ( :at y are go+ to s+1 & n ( h[ y  
are feel+4 ,s+ to y\r audi5ce z if y 7  
tell+ !m a /ory4 ,speak di/9ctly & make 
!m und]/& & feel :at y are say+4 ,don't 
we> any?+ t b9ds y1 su* z tight %oes1   
tight corsets or tight coll>s1 z !y all 
t5d to contract in/ead ( relax4 ,x is   
?r\gh n]v\sness t s+]s h wobbl$ (f !    
/age aft] _! solo1 be=e ! accompani/ has
 f9i%$4 ,rememb] 9 ! int]val betwe5 !   
end ( y\r solo & ! la/ note ( !         
accompanim5t y %\ld /& p]fectly /ill4   

,say to y\r audi5ce 7m5tally71 ,don't   
move until ! accompanim5t is f9i%$4 ,y w
 be surpris$ to see h[ well y c hold !m4
 ,all ^! little ?\ghts w help make y    
=get y\rself4  ,i once read an article  
on /age fright4 ,! au?or advis$ ! s+] to
 look at 8 audi5ce z ?\gh !y 7 s _m     
cabbage heads4 ,i _c agree ) him4 ,y1 no
 d\bt1 h he>d p s+ z ?\gh !y 7 inspir$4 
,i h felt t way _m times :5 s++1 & ,i am
 sure my audi5ce inspir$ me4 ,x w\ld h  
be5 impossible to s+ l t to empty *airs 
or a field ( cabbage heads4  ,analyze   
y\rself & y\r "w z mu* z y please at    
home1 b :5 y g be=e an audi5ce1 =get    
y\rself & let y\r aim be to w9 !m4      
,,! ,,accompani/4   ,i f9d t only ab\t  
"o 9 e hundr$1 :o /udy voice culture1   
are able to accompany !mselves on !     
piano4 ,ne>ly all "k ! keybo>d & c get  
along aft] a fa%ion1 !re=e x is necess>y
 t ! /ud5t ( voice culture %\ld secure a
 fir/-class accompani/4  ,y\r voice     
tea*] "h1 or abroad1 is always 9 a      
position to furni% y ) "o4 ,y mu/       

arrange = 8 s]vices at lea/ twice a     
week4 ,y c h no idea ( ! progress ?is w 
mean 9 y\r "w4 ,if y are ask$ to s+ at  
an ent]ta9m5t1 d n take anyone's ^w t   
!re w be a good accompani/ on h&1 b see 
to x y\rself4 ,if x is n possible = y to
 h y\r own accompani/1 be sure t y h    
ample "t = rehe>sal1 & if ! accompani/  
pres5t is n a good "o1 d n s+4  ,a poor 
accompani/ has be5 ! cause ( ! failure (
 _m "y s+]s :o are anxi\s to get be=e ! 
public4  ,! "y & inexp]i5c$ s+] _c be   
too p>ticul> on ?is po9t1 & ,i w\ld     
sugge/ t amateurs dur+ _! fir/ few      
appe>ances be=e ! public s+ only ) an   
accompani/ ) :om !y h become accu/om$ to
 s+4 ,all "y s+]s are m or less n]v\s2 9
 fact1 ,i "k v few old ones :o are n1 & 
?is is :]e y\r own accompani/ proves ( !
 greate/ value4  ,"o ( my pupils :o made
 h] debut said1 ,i _h a s5sation z ( a  
lump 9 my ?roat1 & felt t at ! end ( !  
pause ,i mu/ swall[ or *oke4 ,my        
accompani/ _h play$ = me be=e & seem$ to
 anticipate my pr$icam5t1 s gave me a   

little m "t on t 'pause' & ,i 0 sav$4 ,)
 a /range accompani/1 ,i w\ld h gone to 
pieces4  ,because a s+] is an amateur1  
_! p>5ts & fri5ds seem to ?9k t anyone c
 play _! accompanim5ts4 ,! tru? ( !     
matt] is1 ! less exp]i5c$ ! s+]1 ! bett]
 ! accompani/ mu/ be4 ,good accompani/s 
are born1 n made4  ,to be sure1 practice
 makes p]fect1 b ,i "k ( _m f9e piani/s 
:o read well1 h "t1 rhy?m1 te*nique1    
execution1 & yet :o w nev] make good    
accompani/s4 ,x takes all ( ^! & m4     
,no?+ makes failure m c]ta9 ?an !       
blund]+ ( an inexp]i5c$ & unskill$      
accompani/4     ,,select+ ,a ,,tea*]4   
,x is n always t ! be/ read man on voice
 culture makes ! be/ tea*]2 9 fact1 we  
f9d t tea*]s1 :o h n be5 s+]s !mselves1 
b :o h devot$ ye>s to ! /udy ( !        
physical & te*nical side ( ! "q h turn$ 
out v few good s+]s4  ,9 ord] to make a 
good tea*]1 "o mu/ fir/ h comm& ( 8 own 
voice 9 ord] to make p]fect             
demon/rations :i* are ess5tial to !     
beg9n]4 ,fur!r1 a tea*] 9 ord] to be    

successful mu/ h practical exp]i5ce ) ! 
_w & s+]s4 ,no two voices c be treat$ 9 
! same mann]4 ,!re=e1 ! tea*] ) !       
practical exp]i5ce is naturally f> bett]
 equipp$ to tea* ?an ! "o :o has m]ely  
/udi$ ! me*anism ( ! ?roat4  ,x is      
positively h>mful = a tea*] to make any 
attempt to expla9 ! te*nical side ( !   
voice to a beg9n]4 ,bett] develop ! e> &
 memory4 ,a tea*] mu/ h pati5ce & tact 9
 ord] to be able to deal ) ! diff]5t    
natures1 dispositions & moods t are     
enc\nt]$ 9 ! /udio4 ,"o ^w ( k9dness &  
enc\ragem5t w inv>iably d m t[>d putt+ a
 pupil at 8 ease & secure ! be/ results 
f 8 "w ?an any numb] ( sev]e s]mons &   
s>ca/ic criticisms4  ,! pupils are pay+ 
= _! lessons & are entitl$ to c\rte\s   
treatm5t4 ,avoid ! n]v\s1 irritable     
tea*]4 ,! tea*] :o becomes impati5t or  
ruffl$ because a pupil _c in/antly grasp
 8 mean+1 walk+ up & d[n ! floor ) cl5*$
 fi/s *a/is+ ! air1 & 9 e way display+ 8
 own n]ves & lack ( self-control1 is n a
 tea*]1 b a fool4 ,su* a p]son has ei!r 

=gott5 8 own e>li] /ruggles or _h nev]  
/udi$4  ,avoid ! tea*] ) a hobby4 ,!re  
is no?+ s b>r5 9 ! _w z "o idea1 spr+ f 
"o idea1 n\ri%$ by "o idea & aim+ at "o 
idea4 ,?is includes ! tea*] :o believes 
9 keep+ ! pupil on "o tone = six mon?s4 
,:ile y\r tone ne$s m ?an six mon?s to  
become p]fect1 dwell+ on t "o tone alone
 = t l5g? ( "t w\ld be decid$ly wrong4  
,we frequ5tly accept /ud5ts :o h acquir$
 num]\s bad habits 9 brea?+ or s++4 ,!y 
(t5 "k _! tr\ble & ask h[ long x w take 
to undo ?is "w & get back into ! "r way4
 ,!y seem to ?9k x is a matt] ( a c]ta9 
"t work+ back to ! beg9n+ & !n />t+ ov] 
aga94 ,?is is n true4 ,x is a matt] (   
beg9n+ n[ & beg9n+ "r4 ,! ?\ghts ( a    
pupil %\ld be advance1 n retreat4 ,y mu/
 n ?9k ( :at y h done1 b :at y mu/ d4   
,avoid ! tea*] :o advances !ories &     
me*anical contrivances4 ,a l>yngoscope 9
 ! h&s ( a physician might save _m      
lives1 b 9 ! h&s ( a s++ tea*] may ru9  
_m voices4 ,! p]fect tea*] uses !       
simple/ demon/rations1 realiz+ t        

te*nical t]ms g entirely ov] ! heads ( !
 beg9n]4 ,! foll[+ sugge/ions are       
entirely useless3  ,s+ ! tone =w>d4  ,s+
 ! tone on ! tee?4  ,s+ ov] y\r l>ynx4  
,s+ t tone ) ! epiglottis l[]$1 ! palate
 rais$1 & on ! end ( ! brea?4  ,i h     
p]sonally he>d ^! in/ructions giv5 to   
pupils1 & ,i assure y ! pupil did n ga9 
any?+ by x4  ,x is positively absurd to 
insi/ on a beg9n] kn[+ ! /ructures ( !  
vocal *ords1 nei!r w ! patt+1 p9*+ or   
massag+ ( ! neck & facial muscles1 t "s 
tea*]s advocate1 make y s+ any bett]4 ,x
 is und\bt$ly ( "s b5efit to wr9kles1 b 
n to ! voice4  ,g>cia1 admitt$ to be "o 
( ! greate/ s++ ma/]s ( 8 "t1 said1     
reg>d+ ! position ( l>ynx be+ high] or  
l[] or ! m or less rais+ ( ! palate1 t !
 s+] ne$ only foll[ natural effects1 &  
l>ynx1 palate & ! re/ w take c>e (      
!mselves4 ,d n complicate x ) !ories4   
,a new pupil w5t into ! /udio ( a       
well-kn[n tea*] = a he>+4 ,%e took ) h] 
a popul> song--! only song :i* %e knew4 
,! tea*] cri$ ,tra%1 & w\ld n ev5 talk !

 matt] ov]4 ,?is 0 fooli%1 selfi% &     
unreasonable4  ,e voice :i* comes "u our
 c>e includes ! p]sonality beh9d !      
voice1 & is ( di/9ct & special int]e/4  
,?is pupil's environm5t _h und\bt$ly be5
 su* t %e 0 n fur!r develop$ & c\ld     
h>dly be expect$ to love & und]/& !     
music1 :i* ! tea*] 0 accu/om$ to p]=m or
 tea*4 ,h[ev]1 _m a s+]1 :o fir/ br\ght 
! popul> song1 has develop$ into a      
successful *ur* & conc]t s+]4 ,?is 0 n  
br\ght ab\t by reprim&s & unk9d         
criticisms ( _! %ort-com+s1 b by pati5t 
consid]ation & gradual developm5t4 ,give
 ! pupil a *ance to le>n to p]=m good   
music be=e y dem& t !y %\ld appreciate  
x4 ,a good tea*] w enc\rage que/ions4   
,if !re are any que/ions p]ta9+ to !    
/udy ( voice culture t he _c answ] x is 
"t he %\ld "k4  ,unless a tea*] is a    
p]fect accompani/1 s t he c keep 8 eyes 
away f ! keybo>d1 he %\ld employ an     
accompani/1 = ! tea*] %\ld see z well z 
he> ! pupil s+ ! f9i%$ numb]s4  ,& la/1 
b n lea/1 select a tea*] :o tries to    

und]/& y1 :o makes y feel at ease1 & :o 
%[s z mu* int]e/ 9 y\r voice z 9 y\r    
pocketbook4     ,,art ,,= ,,art',s      
,,sake4   ,h[ _m musicians live up to   
?is mu*-abus$ t]m8 ,9 my travels "h &   
abroad ,i h f\nd j two ^: lives 7       
entirely devot$ to art = art's sake4 ,!y
 bo? rem9d$ me ( ! la/ act ( ,beau      
,brummell1 & c]ta9ly did n sugge/       
happ9ess4 ,to fully live up to art =    
art's sake1 "o mu/ necess>ily h means1 &
 y w\ld be surpris$ to "k h[ few ( ^? :o
 are 9 position to live up to x1 d s4   
,s+]s1 9 :om y w\ld expect to f9d a     
demon/ration1--real musicians1 to :om ! 
:ole _w has b5t its knee1--w /& up be=e 
an audi5ce & s+ a little popul> waltz   
song1 a la ,aft] ! ,ball1--a song we    
w\ld consid] too inf]ior to all[ "o (   
our pupils to s+4 ,is ?is art = art's   
sake8 ,:]e !n %\ld we look = a          
demon/ration1 if n 9 ! f9i%$ s+] or     
arti/8  ,d n ^! s+]s "k bett]8 ,c]ta9ly1
 b !y /udy _! audi5ce1 give ! few _!    
be/1 & ! masses :at !y want4 ,9 se>* =  

art = art's sake1 we turn to ! arti/1 & 
we f9d him try+ to please ! audi5ce4    
,we are liv+ 9 a v mat]ial age4 ,if y c 
af=d to d s1 live art = art's sake 9 y\r
 home1 b if y h to make y\r liv+1 & cope
 ) ! _w to make a success1 y mu/ /udy   
y\r audi5ce2 !y paid _! money & want to 
be ent]ta9$4 ,y c /rike a happy m$ium1  
:]e y w n l[] y\r dignity1 z a s+] & an 
arti/4  ,i notice t ^? :o rant & /orm on
 ! subject ( art = art's sake seldom    
live x1 ( :i* we 7 giv5 a fair          
demon/ration :5 "o ( our disciples ( art
 = art's sake w5t on a conc]t t\r & 0 s 
anxi\s to please 8 audi5ce1 t ! program 
0 a p]fect vaudeville p]=mance4 ,x is   
ne$less to say t ! arti/ 0 sev]ely      
criticis$4 ,don't bill y\rself z a      
conc]t s+] & !n give a vaudeville       
p]=mance4 ,use judgm5t4 ,wat* ! tea*] :o
 is con/antly talk+ art = art's sake4   
,note to h[ _m /ruggl+ musicians he     
holds out a help+ h& & h[ mu* ( 8 "t &  
life he devotes to art = art's sake4    
,we tea*]s *>ge en\gh = our lessons to  

make x possible = u to devote an ev5+ a 
week to art = art's sake2 invite our    
pupils1 talk1 s+1 take up ! biographies 
( ! old ma/]s1 d ensemble "w2 /udy !    
oratories & op]as4 ,i am sure ?is w\ld  
help create a great] love & und]/&+ ( ! 
bett] ?+s 9 music1 = ! m we he> x1 ! m  
we love x4 ,?is w\ld g fur!r 9 help+ to 
create a love & und]/&+ ( art = art's   
sake1 & w\ld be a great] te/ ( our      
s9c]ity4  ,debussy1 ! well-kn[n compos] 
( ,peleas & ,melis&e1 says 9 an article 
on ,art = ,art's ,sake3 ,don't talk to  
me ab\t elevat+ public ta/e4 ,t is !    
greate/ 'bluff' "o c d9 into y\r e>s4 ,j
 ?9k = a mom5t :at ! public is compos$  
(4 ,h[ _m 9 ! audi5ce und]/& music8 ,h[ 
_m devote !mselves to music dur+ ! day8 
,an inf9itesimal numb]4 ,! re/1 :]e d !y
 come f8 ,f (fices1 /ores1 bus9ess h\ses
 ( "s k9d1 or !y come f teas & gossip1 &
 !n !y g to he> ! op]a4 ,mo/ ( !m are   
tir$ aft] a day's "w or idl5ess1 & su* p
 y expect to take an int]e/ 9 s]i\s     
music4 ,impossible6 ,no2 ! only ?+ y c d

 = ! public is to lift x1 = "o mom5t1   
out ( its daily ?\ghts1 & ) t we h to be
 cont5t4 ,"u su* conditions1 :at        
diff]5ce does x make :e!r y h ,g]man1   
,italian or ,fr5* op]a8 ,!re is no      
immovable tru? 9 art4 ,y _c say ?is is s
 or s1 & :at diff]5ce d ! means make z  
long z ! end is accompli%$8 ,if ,italian
 op]a is m effective ?an ,g]man op]a1   
:at does x matt]8 ,all art is untru?4 ,y
 may h be5 told t art is et]nal because 
x is true1 b !re y are mi/ak54          
,illu/ration3 ,,&reas ,,dippel  ,( !    
,metropolitan ,gr& ,op]a & ,g5]al       
,manag] ( ! ,*icago ,gr& ,op]a1 :o ?r\gh
 8 tireless & skillful s]vice is meet+ )
 great success 9 ! e/abli%+ ( p]man5t   
,gr& ,op]a 9 ! l>g] cities we/ ( ,new   
,york1 is an en?usia/ic support] ( !    
,gr& ,op]a 9 ! v]nacul>1 giv+ ! _m      
excell5t ,am]ican s+]s an opportunity to
 make _! db 9 ?is c\ntry & 9 _! own     
language4 ,mr4 ,dippel pr$icts ! "t is n
 f> di/ant :5 ,new ,york w e/abli% !    
home ( ! ,national ,gr& ,op]a4          

,,educat+ ,,! ,,masses4   ,! musician :o
 refuses to make c]ta9 concessions to ! 
public gives pro( ( c\rage1 b n (       
wisdom4 ,"o _c expect to g be=e an      
audi5ce & s+ ov] _! heads1 & by s do+   
educate !m up to "o's own /&>d ( music4 
,y mu/ rea* d[n f y\r l(ty ideals & meet
 ! public on its own gr\nd4  ,= example1
 9 creat+ a love = ! gr& op]a 7:i* ! p1 
especially ( ! we/1 up to a few ye>s ago
 h _h no *ance ( he>+71 y mu/ proce$    
gradually1 c>efully & ) tact4  ,tea*]s (
 voice culture %\ld organize gr& op]a   
/udy clubs1 give conc]ts1 us+ selections
 f ! popul> gr& op]a--,i mean by popul> 
gr& op]a ,il ,trovatore1 ,c>m51 ,fau/1  
etc4 ,^! op]as conta9 airs t are        
attractive1 & c be foll[$ by ! masses4  
,x w\ld n be long be=e ! gr& op]a w\ld  
%>e honors ) ! n[ fl\ri%+ musical com$y 
9 ! affections ( ! music-lov+ public1 & 
! t]m gr& op]a w\ld n s\nd to !m l a    
bugaboo4  ,9 ,brooklyn "o aft]noon ,i   
pass$ a numb] ( boys com+ f s*ool1 & 0  
a/oni%$ to he> !m :i/l+ ,tannhaus]4     

,:ile ?is w\ld be q natural 9 ,europe x 
is r unusual "h1 :]e ! popul> song has !
 upp] h& ) ! "y folks4 ,i made inquiries
 & f\nd t a phonograph _h be5 in/all$ 9 
! s*ool & t e morn+ ! pupils li/5$ to   
selections f ! gr& op]as4 ,my already   
good op9ion ( ! value ( ! phonograph 0  
/r5g!n$1 z ,i fully realize :at effect  
he>+ good music 9 ! public s*ools w\ld h
 on ! com+ g5]ation4  ,9 ord] to fully  
appreciate a difficult composition "o   
mu/ h made a /udy ( music1 same z a     
doctor1 9 ord] to appreciate a lecture  
on "s intricate subject ab\t 8          
pr(ession1 mu/ h made a /udy ( t        
pr(ession4  ,! pa9t] sees 9 a great     
pa9t+ ! beauties ( execution t entirely 
escape ! eyes ( ! un9itiat$2 yet !      
musician w g be=e an audi5ce ( :om      
two-?irds h probably nev] /udi$ music at
 all1 & expect !m to appreciate !       
classical music1 & because !y d n1 he   
w\ld br& !m z unappreciative1 absurd2 he
 expects ! impossible4  ,! av]age       
audi5ce does n c>e = ! "n ( a           

composition z long z ! music appeals to 
!m1 & ?is is g5]ally a matt] ( h[ x is  
int]pret$4  ,! p[] ( a beautiful        
int]pretation does n make itself felt 9 
s++ classics alone4 ,_m p]sons h>bor !  
notion t int]pretation relates to ! "w (
 ! dead ma/]s only4 ,?is is n true4 ,!  
simple/ song ne$s int]pretation1 z well 
z ! oratorio or op]a & ! diff]5ce betwe5
 good & bad arti/s is l>gely a matt] (  
int]pretation4 ,a simple song t emanates
 f ! he>t & s\l1 w h a reciprocal effect
 on o!rs & w outlive all s]mons 9 !     
memory4  ,! av]age audi5ce goes to !    
conc]t1 n to be educat$1 b to be        
ent]ta9$4 ,ent]ta9 !m1 int]e/ !m1 w9 !m 
& !y w come aga94  ,aft] y h ende>$     
y\rself to !m1 y c beg9 to s+ m         
pret5ti\s music1 & be=e !y realize x1 !y
 are li/5+ to & enjoy+ ! works ( ! great
 ma/]s4  ,i h se5 a va/ audi5ce g to he>
 ,patti s+ ,home1 ,sweet ,home1 & :ile  
li/5+ !y became acqua9t$ ) o!r songs1 t 
by he>+ aga9 & aga91 h help$ to educate 
!m to appreciate ! bett] music4  ,i love

 ! oratorios & gr& op]as p>ticul>ly4 ,!y
 are "p ( my life4 ,b ,i d n expect all 
) :om ,i come 9 contact to feel ! same4 
,i h se5 m p asleep at a piano recital  
?an ,i h at *ur*1 & ,i did n blame !m1  
:5 "s amateur w\ld be wre/l+ ) a        
tw5ty-page selection ( :i* he _h n !    
slighte/ conception1 ) ! exception ( be+
 able to read ! notes & f9d !m on !     
in/rum5t4  ,let u n become s bl9d$ t we 
c see only "o way--our way4  ,9 educat+ 
! masses let u n beg9 by driv+ !m away )
 compositions :i* !y _c und]/&4  ,art   
has no fa!rl&1 & all t is beautiful %\ld
 be priz$ by u1 no matt] h[ simple or   
:at clime or region produc$ x4  ,:5 y   
he> someone dwell+ on ! fact t          
,mansfield did n ask 8 audi5ce :at play 
!y want$1 nei!r did ,patti ask !m :at %e
 %\ld s+1 ! argum5t is ridicul\s4 ,be>  
?is 9 m9d3 ,! audi5ce did n g to he> ,il
 ,b>bi]e or ,pe] ,gynt1 !y w5t to he>   
,patti & see ,mansfield1 & :at !y r5d]$ 
0 only incid5tal to ! fact t !y 7 ,patti
 & ,mansfield1 p 9 :om ! public 0       

int]e/$4 ,b :ile !y 7 li/5+ to ^! arti/s
 !y became acqua9t$ ) ! bett] works4  ,s
 leave x to ! f9i%$ arti/ to produce !  
great works4 ,y are an amateur & h y\r  
little %>e to d 9 educat+ ! masses4     
,don't beg9 by giv+ a difficult program4
 ,s+ some?+ simple1 t y are p]fectly    
famili> )1 & don't be afraid ( ! new    
compositions4 ,x is surpris+ t ev5 old  
s+]s fe> a new song4 ,select some?+ )   
pretty melody & rhy?m & y are p]fectly  
safe4  ,always be on ! look\t = some?+ y
 c id5tify ) y\rself1 j z ! arti/s all h
 "s favorite song4     ,,h9ts ,,&       
,,helps4   ,get out 9 ! fre% air at lea/
 once a day1 summ] & w9t]4  ,if y are 9 
good heal?1 walk 9 pref]5ce to rid+4    
,get pl5ty ( sleep4 ,x is bett] ?an all 
o!r tonics4  ,if y are out ( sorts1 try 
a little new ?\ght1 or m5tal sci5ce4 ,x 
may be all y ne$4  ,sponge y\r neck1 *e/
 & back ) cold wat] e morn+4  ,girls1   
accu/om y\rselves to we>+ y\r wai/s m9us
 coll>s4  ,boys1 we> y\r coll>s loose4  
,! arti/s all d4  ,nev] bundle y\r neck 

9 w9t]4 ,a light cov]+ w d4  ,eat :at   
agrees ) y1 & avoid go+ on diets1 if    
possible4  ,if y desire to ga9 weight or
 put on m fle%1 y mu/ eat pl5ty ( n\ri%+
 food at lea/ ?ree times a day1 dr9k    
pl5ty ( pure fre% wat]1 good ri* milk1  
ale1 malt extracts1 & ev]y?+ t agrees ) 
y4  ,%\ld y desire to r$uce y\r weight1 
eat sp>+ly--a %r$d$ :eat biscuit1 "s dry
 toa/ ) a cup ( c(fee 9 ! morn+4 ,at    
noon eat "o or m oranges1 & no?+ else4  
,= d9n] take only "o k9d ( meat or fi%1 
a vegetable1 a fruit1 a salad1 "s dri$  
toa/1 ) a cup ( black c(fee or tea4 ,use
 no potatoes1 butt] or cream4  ,!re is  
no special diet = s+]s4 ,x is only      
necess>y to keep 9 good heal?1 take     
pl5ty ( ex]cise1 & eat & dr9k only ^?   
?+s :i* agree ) y4  ,pose y\r speak+    
voice l[1 z x n only b5efits ! voice1 b 
x d5otes ref9em5t4  ,robu/o t5ors are   
high b>itones ) ! head tones develop$4  
,saddle rid+1 walk+1 physical culture1  
f5c+1 danc+1 elocution1 ! /udy ( any    
in/rum5t w all be ( "s value 9 help+ y  

to become an arti/4  ,use y\r bra9s m   
?an y\r ?roat4  ,don't be impati5t      
because ?+s d n come y\r way at once4   
,rome 0 n built 9 "o day4  ,let y\r /udy
 ( music cultivate )9 y a sympa?y & love
 = all t is arti/ic4  ,d n be unju/ly   
prejudic$ aga9/ good music because y d n
 und]/& x4 ,he> t class ( music m1 & x w
 ov]come y\r prejudice4  ,acqua9t       
y\rself ) ! old ma/]s & works be=e y    
take up ! novelties4  ,keep "y 9 m9d &  
?\ght1 & ! body w n gr[ old4  ,?9k =    
y\rself & ?9k4  ,don't worry1 = worry is
 born l>gely ( misdirect$ ambition4  ,:5
 someone is s++1 d n %rug y\r %\ld]s &  
assume a pa9$ expression1 s z to impress
 ^? :o may be sitt+ ne> y t y are a     
great critic4  ,h y ev] ?\ght :at a     
desolate place ?is _w w\ld be )\t music8
  ,nev] neglect an opportunity to he> a 
great s+]4 ,if y\r means are limit$1    
subdue y\r pride1 = x is f> bett] to sit
 9 ! gall]y & be able to he> t5 arti/   
conc]ts ?an to sit 9 ! or*e/ra & be able
 to he> only "o4  ,be will+ to sacrifice

 mu* = y\r music4  ,associate z mu* z   
possible ) p :o "k m ab\t music ?an y d4
 ,read ev]y?+ y c f9d on ! subject4 ,y w
 f9d "s tru? 9 all ( x4  ,:5 y att5d a  
conc]t look =w>d = ! be/ only--don't be 
a pessimi/1 be an optimi/1 & y w d]ive  
mu* m b5efit4 ,don't criticize audibly  
:5 someone is s++4 ,an arti/ nev] does4 
,be=e go+ to he> an arti/ s+1 acqua9t   
y\rself z mu* z possible ) ! program4   
,:ile "u "o in/ructor1 d n run ar\nd to 
o!r /udios to h y\r voice tri$4 ,x is   
undignifi$1 & reflects on y\r tea*]1 z  
well z ^u y\rself4  ,become a sight     
read] by read+ at sight4  ,y c break    
y\rself f cle>+ y\r ?roat by n cle>+ x4 
,y w be surpris$ to f9d x 0 only a      
habit4  ,punctuality at ! /udio is      
ess5tial4 ,t5 m9utes e>ly = y\r lesson  
is bett] ?an two m9utes late4  ,if !re  
is any?+ ab\t y\r lesson t y d n und]/&1
 ask que/ions4 ,y are pay+ = in=mation4 
,practice sy/ematically if y expect to  
make a success4  ,beg9n]s %\ld practice 
only fifte5 m9utes at a "t4  ,! scales  

are ! backbone ( music /udy4  ,rememb]  
y\r consonants are ( z great value z y\r
 v[els4  ,9 s++1 y mu/ use bo? y\r nose 
& m\? = brea?+4  ,always /& up :5       
practic+ y\r ex]cises4  ,memorize all   
y\r songs4  ,:5 ask$ to s+1 s+ songs )  
:i* y are p]fectly famili>4  ,/& on bo? 
feet & let y\r *e/1 n y\r /oma* lead4   
,if y expect to s+ well1 leave ! tight  
coll>1 ! tight corset & ! tight %oes at 
home4  ,x is bett] to /& too ne> !      
footlights ?an too f> back4  ,if y are n
 an exp]t at h&l+ a tra9 on ! /age1     
don't we> "o4  ,:ile wait+ = !          
introduction to be play$1 don't c\nt !  
footlights or ! />s1 b look out beyond !
 audi5ce1 r 9 ) y\r eyes & nose4  ,:5   
hold+ music1 nev] hold x high en\gh to  
cov] y\r face f ! audi5ce4  ,s+ to y\r  
audi5ce1 n at x4  ,try & look pleasant1 
ev5 if y don't feel t way4 ,! audi5ce   
c't help x4  ,nev] fail to give a smile 
or ^w ( enc\ragem5t to o!r beg9n]s :o   
may be on ! same program ) y4  ,x is    
c]ta9ly appall+ to "k h[ _m good s+]s h 

bad /age mann]s4  ,a man mu/ nev] put   
ei!r "o or bo? h&s 9 8 tr\s] pockets1   
nor /& ) 8 feet spread f> ap>t :ile s++4
 ,bo? ( ^! faults d5ote improp] tra9+4  
,if y are ev] s w>m1 use y\r h&k]*ief   
only be=e or aft] y leave ! /age4       
,correct dress is ess5tial4  ,= a man1 =
 in=mal ent]ta9m5ts1 black suit1 black  
%oes1 :ite %irt1 coll> & cuffs1 ) ei!r a
 black or :ite tie4 ,= conc]t1 only ev5+
 dress is appropriate4  ,= girls1 !     
nice/ ?+ to we> is a g[n2 if y d n we>  
"o1 try to h y\r wai/ & skirt correspond
 9 %ade4 ,! s-call$ %irtwai/ effect1 :i*
 is produc$ by wai/ & skirt ( diff]5t   
colors1 is n effective on ! /age4  ,we> 
hose & slipp]s ( ! same color if        
possible4  ,amateurs :5 on ! /age       
frequ5tly re>range a tie or smoo? back a
 /ray curl1 etc42 ?is is b a =m (       
n]v\sness & looks bad4 ,f9i% y\r toilet 
at home4  ,= ease & grace take danc+    
lessons4  ,! graduate f danc+ & dramatic
 s*ools nev] appe> ill at ease be=e     
company4     ,,:at ,,& ,,h[ ,,to        

,,practice4   ,x is n s mu* :at1 b h[ y 
practice4 ,! av]age beg9n] takes up 8   
practice 9 an aimless sort ( way4 ,e    
action %\ld h "s result 9 view4 ,aft]   
tak+ y\r lesson1 if y f9d y are n       
positive z to ! prop] c\rse to be pursu$
 at home1 y mu/ ask y\r tea*] ! que/ions
 necess>y to put y on ! "r pa?4 ,y %\ld 
h all y\r "w laid out = y & g ab\t x 9 a
 sy/ematic mann]4 ,only 9 ?is way c y   
hope to a*ieve any degree ( success4  ,a
 beg9n] %\ld n practice mu* m ?an five  
m9utes at a "t on ea* con/ruction1 nei!r
 w\ld mu* less ?an t be suffici5t to    
accu/om t set ( muscles to t "o         
con/ruction4 ,nev] practice y\r limit   
tones at ei!r end ( y\r range z mu* z y 
d y\r middle regi/]4 ,:at ,i mean by    
middle regi/] is l[ en\gh to produce *e/
 & high en\gh to produce head tones4 ,if
 y c produce a f9e middle regi/]1 ! high
 tones w naturally foll[ 9 "t4 ,melba   
says1 ,on days :5 my high tones d n come
 easily 9 practice1 ,i d n s+ !m4 ,d n  
%[ or cov] y\r tee? because y h se5 "s  

s+]s d s2 individual con/ruction diff]s4
  ,pron\nce y\r words naturally &       
di/9ctly1 nev] =gett+ ! consonants at ! 
end ( ! words4 ,don't ?9k because y are 
s++ f a ,m>*esi book t y are /udy+ h]   
me?od4 ,y are gett+ ! me?od ( ! tea*] ) 
:om y are /udy+4 ,!re are b two ways (  
s++--"r & wrong--& x makes little       
diff]5ce f :at in/ruction book y are    
tak+ y\r lesson1 !y are all good & all  
con/ruct$ on ! same pr9ciples4 ,! ma9 ?+
 is kn[+ :at y are try+ to d4  ,_m      
pupils :o are poor read]s worry ?r\gh   
sev]al ex]cise books1 & at ! end ( t "t 
h only memoriz$ ! notes & made no       
progress :atev] on ! ma9 po9t--tone4  ,!
 pupil %\ld le>n to use ! e>1 m9d &     
memory1 & a great deal ( "t w\ld be ga9$
 9 tone plac+ :i* %\ld be tak5 up be=e  
us+ an ex]cise book4 ,if y are n a sight
 read]1 take up ?is /udy at once1       
pref]ably 9 class "w1 z x is absolutely 
necess>y t y %\ld be able to read music 
at sight4  ,antiquat$ & complicat$      
sy/ems ( sight read+ are responsible =  

_m poor read]s4 ,we ne$ m e> tra9+ &    
ability to ?9k4 ,avoid ! use ( ! d-re-me
 syllables unless y are already pr(ici5t
 9 t sy/em4 ,practice ) ! pit* names1   
,a1 ,b1 ,c1 ,d1 & ) ! scale numb]s1 #a1 
#b1 #c1 #d1 9 ord] to acquire a         
relation%ip ( ! tones ( ! scale1 o!rwise
 ! syllable la or any o!r syllable w d4 
,if y h an (f day1 :5 all ! "w seems to 
g wrong1 don't practice4 ,me*anical "w  
is ( no value :atev] 9 s++4 ,ev5 !      
arti/s h _! (f days1 b don't all[ ^!    
days to become too frequ5t4  ,! be/     
position = practice is to /& naturally1 
clasp y\r h&s 9 front or let !m hang    
c>elessly & naturally at y\r sides4     
,clasp+ y\r h&s beh9d y\r back or re/+  
!m on y\r hips1 are bo? bad positions = 
s++4  ,:5 y practice d n simply kill    
fifte5 m9utes' "t4 ,m]e practice makes a
 me*anical gymna/1 :ile /udy produces a 
musician4  ,9 tak+ up y\r ex]cises use !
 in/rum5t z little z possible4 ,=       
illu/ration we w take ! arpeggio4  ,play
 ! arpeggio until y are p]fectly famili>

 ) ! con/ruction1 !n s+ x once ) !      
piano1 !n play only ! *ord or keynote & 
s+ ! arpeggio )\t ! piano2 cont9ue 9 ?is
 way 9 all ! keys )9 y\r range1 gett+   
y\r pit* f ! *ord or keynote2 ?is mann] 
( practice is ( ! greate/ value1 z y c  
/& 9 a natural s++ position & z y d n h 
to give "p ( y\r ?\ght to ! music or    
in/rum5t1 y pay m att5tion to ! pit* &  
tone1 s t :5 y come to arias )          
recitatives )\t accompanim5t1 y w n h z 
mu* difficulty /ay+ on pit* z ^? :o     
inv>iably dep5d on ! support ( !        
in/rum5t4  ,9 songs y %\ld pursue ! same
 c\rse1 play ! mo/ difficult passages1  
memorize !m be=e y attempt to s+ !m2 9  
?is way y d n unnecess>ily tire ! voice4
 ,memorize all y\r songs2 x is only aft]
 y get away f ! read+ t y are capable ( 
do+ y\r be/ "w4 ,always practice be=e a 
mirror & y w n be s liable to acquire   
facial contortions & w\ld soon ov]come !
 v bad habit ( lift+ ! %\ld]s :5 y see  
y\rself z o!rs see y4  ,pupils frequ5tly
 ask :y x is s mu* easi] to s+ an       

ex]cise on ah ?an to s+ a s5t5ce4 ,9 !  
ah y only h "o v[el1 :ile 9 ! s5t5ce !re
 are bo? v[els & consonants4 ,by dilig5t
 practice y w soon f9d t ! tone helps ! 
^w1 & ! words help ! tone4  ,ano!r      
compla9t frequ5tly he>d 9 ! /udio is    
?is3 ,i sang ?is ex]cise p]fectly at    
home1 & c't see :y ,i am unable to s+ x 
n[4 ,h[ _m times did y s+ ?is ex]cise   
p]fectly at home4 ,don't consid] an     
ex]cise le>n$ until y c s+ x t5 times 9 
succession )\t an error4  ,lillie       
,lehmann says3 ,i exp5d$ t5 ye>s 9      
p]fect+ ! trill :i* e voice mu/ ma/]1 & 
yet "s pupils become disc\rag$ because  
!y c n ma/] ! art ( s++ 9 a few mon?s6  
,_m s+]s compla9 ( a contraction        
7h>dness "u ! *974 ,?is is frequ5tly    
f\nd :]e !y h be5 taught to place ! tip 
( ! tongue aga9/ ! back ( ! l[] tee? to 
keep ! tongue d[n4 ,leave ! tongue limp 
& speak y\r v[els & consonants p]fect & 
di/9ct1 & ! tongue w take c>e ( itself4 
,^? :o are work+ to produce l[ tones w  
f9d t 9 ! morn+1 imm$iately aft] ris+1 !

 l[] tones respond mo/ readily & may    
help y to f9d a way ( increas+ ! l[]    
range4  ,don't neglect ! scales4 ,_m    
ye>s ago ,madame ,patti1 :ile on a      
conc]t t\r1 0 awak5$ f h] e>ly morn+    
sleep by ! s\nd ( a piano 9 a room close
 to h]s4 ,x 0 sl[ scale practic+ & 0    
madd5+ to ! s+]4 ,%e rang ! bell1 &     
dem&$ t ! practice be at once           
discont9u$4 ,:at 0 h] a/oni%m5t to le>n 
t ! play] 0 n "s beg9n] z %e _h suppos$1
 b ! great arti/1 ,hans ,von ,bul[4  ,:y
 is ! s-call$ ,italian me?od suppos$ to 
be ! correct me?od ( s++8 ,p>tly because
 ! ,italian a 7z y w\ld pron\nce 7 is ! 
mo/ natural s\nd t c be sung1 & z !  is 
! s\nd us$ 9 two-?irds ( ! words 9 !    
song y s+1 x plays an important "p 9    
s++4  ,v few beg9n]s realize t x is n   
only ! words law1 raw1 saw1 tall1 hall1 
etc41 t conta9 ! ,italian 1 b also !    
words light1 bright1 might4  ,9 ! ^w    
night1 ! beg9n] usually dwells on ! ee1 
mak+ x na-eet1 :ile x %\ld be pron\nc$  
naw-eet1 dwell+ on ! 4  ,! ,italian     

v[els cov] ! s\nd1 tone color &         
pronunciation ( ! ,lat91 ,engli%1       
,italian & ,g]man1 ) ! exception ( !    
,g]man o & 4  ,) ! ,fr5* x is q diff]5t4
 ,! s\nd & production /&s by itself4 ,a 
,fr5* s+] does n s readily s+ ! o!r     
languages1 nei!r does an ,am]ican 9 !   
same l5g? ( "t ma/] ! ,fr5* z well z !  
o!r languages4 ,! ,fr5* insi/ on p]fect 
diction1 & "o ( our gr& op]a s+]s :o    
delights ! ,new ,york op]a go]s by h]   
s++ ( ,fau/1 ,c>m51 etc41 9 ! ,fr5*1    
w\ld n be tol]at$ at ! op]a 9 ,p>is on  
acc\nt ( h] diction4  ,z ! ,fr5* is !   
diplomatic language ( ! _w1 x w\ld be   
well to take up ?is language fir/4 ,!n  
/udy y\r ,italian = y\r s++ & y w f9d ! 
,spani%1 ,lat9 & ,g]man c be easily     
ma/]$4  ,/udy only ^? songs :i* h m]it4 
,aft] ! ,ball 0 compos$ )9 ! pa/ tw5ty  
ye>s1 & ov] #c1jjj1jjj copies h be5     
sold1 yet ?is song is bo? dead & buri$1 
:ile ! ,e>l ,k+1 by ,s*ub]t1 compos$ 9  
#agih1 is today f\nd ^u practically all 
! programs ( our not$ s+]s4  ,:5 tak+ up

 a new song read ! words ov] c>efully & 
get an idea :at y are go+ to s+ ab\t    
be=e y try to s+ x4 ,nev] brea! 9 !     
middle ( a ^w1 or break a s5t5ce by tak+
 a brea?4     ,,! ,,brea?4   ,!         
f\ndation ^u :i* y h to build y\r voice 
is ! brea?1 & l all o!r f\ndations1 x   
mu/ be prop]ly laid1 or ! /ructure w be 
a failure4 ,x is imp]ative t y h        
absolute & p]fect control ( ! brea?4 ,an
 a?lete once said to me1 ,if brea? is ! 
f\ndation ( good s++1 ,i c]ta9ly %\ld   
make a f9e s+]1 z ,i h ! l>ge/ *e/      
expansion & c hold my brea? ! longe/ "t 
( anyone 9 ! college4 ,! tru? is1 a     
small girl1 weigh+ n9ety-six p\nds1 :o  
_h less ?an "o-fif? ( 8 *e/ expansion1  
_h twice ! volume ( s\nd-c>ry+ p[] 9    
tone1 & c\ld su/a9 a tone ?ree times z  
long z he4  ,to practice brea?+ is n    
practic+ s++1 & ! tea*] :o keeps a pupil
 indef9itely on brea?+ lessons is ei!r  
kill+ "t or is n a pr(ici5t in/ructor ( 
voice culture4  ,x %\ld be tak5 = grant$
 t all heal?y p]sons brea! prop]ly4  ,x 

is n ! brea?+1 b ! p[] ( control1 :i* is
 ( vital importance4 ,x may be t aft]   
tak+ brea?+ lessons = a p]iod ( six     
mon?s t y w /ill be f> f able to control
 ! brea? on ! tone4 ,x is ! way y       
practice1 r ?an ! l5g? ( "t :i* br+s    
pr(ici5t results4  ,y w f9d by ref]r+ to
 ! *apt] on ,practical ,ex]cises t ,i   
demon/rate ! matt] ?or\ghly4  ,a good   
tone %\ld h resonance1 or :at we call   
vibration1 b n tremolo4 ,_m "y s+]s     
confuse ^! two4 ,und\bt$ly x is j z bad 
to s+ ) a /raight1 cold1 unmusical tone 
z x is to produce an exagg]at$ vibrato  
or tremolo4  ,if y are unable to make ! 
di/9ction betwe5 ^! two1 d n fail to    
consult someone :o c d s1 t y may n ent]
 ! pitfalls1 :i* x takes mon?s to       
ov]come4  ,y _c realize h[ little brea? 
is necess>y on ! tone2 we s+ ) a great  
am\nt ( pressure1 b ) v little brea?4 ,h
 y ev] tak5 a cov]$ head tone )\t       
sc>cely tak+ any brea?1 & f\nd t y c\ld 
su/a9 x = a practically unlimit$ p]iod8 
,i f\nd "o ( my pupils :o _h else:]e    

tak5 a c\rse 9 brea?+1 9 tak+ a tone1   
w\ld pu% h] brea? out s h>d t y he>d m  
brea? ?an tone4 ,9 s++ a tone or %ort   
s5t5ce1 h] *e/ w\ld collapse & %e w\ld  
become1 z %e t]m$ x1 ,all out ( brea?4  
,%e w\ld give me all k9ds ( wond]ful    
brea? demon/rations1 b c\ld n connect ! 
brea? & tone4  ,i reque/$ h] to speak 9 
a natural way ! s5t5ce1 ,?is is a v     
beautiful day4 ,i ask$ h] if %e c\ld he>
 a lot ( escap+ brea?8 ,%e answ]$1 ,no4 
,i !n ask$ h] to place "o h& across !   
ribs & "o across ! *e/ & c5t] h] ?\ghts 
directly at ^! two po9ts to see if %e   
c\ld asc]ta9 :at 0 tak+ place !re1 :ile 
once aga9 9 a natural speak+ voice %e   
repeat$ ! s5t5ce4 ,%e did s1 & f\nd %e 0
 n out ( brea?1 & t h] *e/ did n        
collapse & %e did n feel any discom=t4  
,i !n ask$ h] to repeat ! s5t5ce on !   
m$ium tone ,e above middle ,c1 !n on ,f1
 !n on ,g1 direct+ h] ea* "t to ?9k %e 0
 m]ely speak+ ! s5t5ce1 & !n = ! fir/ "t
 9 h] life %e 0 able to und]/& control (
 brea?4 ,dur+ ! next lesson we 7 able to

 beg9 tone plac+ )\t ! lea/ tr\ble 9    
connect+ ! brea? & tone4 ,try x y\rself4
  ,all k9ds ( a?letics1 brea?+ lessons  
or ex]cises 9 mod]ation are b5eficial1 b
 !y are n voice culture4 ,z y\r brea?   
plays a mo/ important "p 9 tone plac+1 !
 brea? & tone %\ld />t toge!r1 h& 9 h&1 
f ! v beg9n+4 ,9 ! foll[+ *apt] ,i %all 
give "s practical ex]cises t w give !   
,,brea? & tone a *ance to become        
acqua9t$ ) ea* o!r4     ,a ,,few        
,,practical ,,ex]cises ,,&              
,,illu/rations4   ,/& erect1 b n 9 a    
/ra9$ position4 ,place ! palm ( y\r h&s 
ov] y\r ribs1 po9t+ ! f+]s =w>d4 7,see  
,figure #a47  ,exhale by bl[+ sl[ly     
?r\gh ! clos$ lips1 v mu* z ?\gh y 7    
bl[+ on emb]s to make !m burn4 ,9 do+   
?is1 y w f9d t y\r f+] tips w almo/ meet
 9 front4 7,see ,figure #b47  ,keep y\r 
h&s 9 ! same position & inhale ?r\gh !  
nose4 ,y w notice a l>ge space 9 front  
betwe5 y\r h&s4 7,see ,figure #c47      
,keep+ y\r h&s 9 ! same position1 repeat
 ?is ex]cise five times2 !n drop y\r    

arms to y\r sides1 relax & re/ a few    
mom5ts1 repeat+ ?is ex]cise sev]al times
 until x comes easy4  ,illu/ration3 five
 images ( ! rib-cage do+ brea? ex]cises4
  ,g be=e an op5 w9d[ e morn+1 place y\r
 h&s z 9 figure #d1 inhale ?r\gh ! nose1
 7don't raise ! %\ld]s7 see t !         
expansion is z great "u ! left h& z "u !
 "r h& 7z 9 figure #e7 :ile hold+ !     
brea? c\nt #e 7al\d7 !n exhale :ile     
hold+ ! h&s 9 same position1 repeat ?is 
ex]cise #e times 9 succession4 ,a       
positive cure = all =ms ( n]v\sness4    
,be sure :5 inhal+ y d n use en\gh      
muscul> ex]tion to take en\gh brea? to  
cause lift+ ( ! %\ld]s1 :i* is decid$ly 
wrong4  ,place y\r h&s z 9 ! fir/       
position1 exhale1 !n inhale &1 :ile y   
keep ! ribs ext5d$ aga9/ y\r h&s1 :i* is
 done by hold+ ! brea? & by muscul>     
t5sion1 speak ! s5t5ce1 ,?is is a       
beautiful day1 !n exhale1 inhale aga91  
hold+ ! brea? :ile y repeat ! s5t5ce4   
,repeat ?is sev]al times1 !n drop y\r   
arms to ! sides & re/4  ,x is bett] at !

 beg9n+ to take too little brea? ?an to 
take too mu*4 ,mo/ beg9n]s take too mu* 
brea?1 :i* makes x impossible to control
 x4 ,until y und]/& control ( ! brea?1 x
 is bett] to only take en\gh to ext5d   
y\r ribs aga9/ y\r h& z f> z !y w g )\t 
discom=t4  ,don't let anyone tell y t   
diaphragmatic1 int]co/al or abdom9al    
brea?+ alone is ! only safe c\rse2      
p]fect brea?+ is a comb9ation ( ^! & m4 
,by practic+ ! above ex]cises y w f9d 9 
a %ort "t all ! organs t nature int5d$  
to be us$ = brea?+ w be 9 play4  ,!     
reason ! beg9n] is in/ruct$ to place !  
h&s on ! ribs is to "w f ! c5tral po9t1 
& z ! /ud5t progresses1 by cont9uation (
 ! ex]cises x w be f\nd t ! co/al1      
int]co/al1 dorsal1 diaphragmatic &      
abdom9al muscles are all do+ _! %>e4    
,place y\r h&s z 9 ! fir/ position4     
,exhale--inhale4 ,su/a9 ! syllable saw  
on an easy m$ium tone4 ,z y attack !    
tone d n let ! ribs collapse1 b z y     
su/a9 x1 let ! ribs v sl[ly collapse "u 
! palm ( y\r h&s4 ,try to resi/ s z to n

 let too mu* brea? escape4 ,don't let   
y\r *e/ collapse any m ?an is absolutely
 necess>y4 ,! l[] ! tones y s+ ! less   
resi/ance y ne$1 :ile ! high] tones y s+
 ! m resi/ance y ne$4 ,9 ord] to su/a9 a
 high tone1 draw 9 slightly "u ! ribs1  
leav+ ! *e/ ext5d$4 ,s++ ! tone1 n[     
takes ! place ( ! exhal+ ex]cise4       
,illu/ration3 musical notation1 saw     
444saw 444saw 444  ,! ^w saw1 besides   
giv+ y ! v[el 1 also gives y ! correct  
s\nd ( ! ,italian ah & :at ! ah %\ld be 
9 s++4  ,! av]age beg9n] s+s too mu* on 
! tone color ( a z 9 hat1 :i*1 z y asc5d
 ! scale1 w\ld f9ally l& ! tone 9 !     
region ( ! back ( y\r neck4  ,9 le>n+ to
 s+ ! ah or ,italian 1 always use words 
l saw1 raw1 law1 paw1 daw1 gnaw1 su/a9+ 
! tone4  ,,! ,,v[els  a e i o u         
,pron\nc$3 a z  9 saw  e z a 9 fate  i z
 ee 9 meet  o z o 9 note  u z oo 9 moon 
,example--  ,illu/ration3 musical       
notation demon/rat+ pron\nciation  a ee 
o oo  ,9 asc5d+ ! scale1 y %\ld cov] !  
tone4 ,to cov] ! tone simply put a      

little m o 9 y\r ah1 s t by ! "t y are  
up ne> y\r high limit tone y %\ld almo/ 
be s++ s1 lo1 d\gh4 ,?is enables y to   
f9d y\r head tone4 ,x w n be l[ or d\gh 
b a good ah4 ,if y d n gradually curve !
 ah into an o t[>d y\r high tones1 y w  
f9d !m turn+ into ! a z 9 hat4  ,9      
produc+ head tones !re are two valuable 
ex]cises ,i w\ld sugge/4  ,illu/ration3 
,,! ,,v[els1 images ( faces pron\nc+ !  
v[els3  a z  9 saw4     e z a 9 fate4  i
 z ee 9 meet4  o z o 9 note4    u z oo 9
 moon4   ,positions ( ! m\? 9 pron\nc+ !
 v[els4 ,drop y\r jaw z 9 s++ saw2 leave
 ! jaw dropp$ s++ saw1 b curv+ y\r lips 
into an o4 ,y w f9d an oh ) f9e head    
resonance & an op5 relax$ ?roat4        
,example--  ,illu/ration3 musical       
notation1  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o    
,s+ ?is ex]cise 9 all ! keys )9 y\r     
range4  ,"s f9d _! head tones fir/ by   
humm+ ?r\gh ! nose1 :ile to "s ?is      
sugge/ion w\ld be ( no value4  ,if y h a
 break or any tr\ble go+ f y\r high to  
l[ tones1 practice ! ex]cise f ! high   

tone d[n in/ead ( f ! l[ tone up4       
,example--  ,illu/ration3 musical       
notation1  o a      o a      o a  saw   
saw      saw   ,if y h tr\ble roll+ y\r 
r's1 :i* is absolutely necess>y1        
practice ! foll[+ words 9 two syllables1
 n1 h[ev]1 dropp+ ! tone4  ,example--   
,tree z tau-ree4  ,tru/ z tau-ru/4      
,true z tau-rue  ,breeze z b-reeze4     
,tra9 z tau-ra94  ,bright z b-"r4  ,br[n
 z b-r[n4  ,aft] y h ma/]$ ! roll$ r    
?r\gh ! above ex]cises1 pron\nce !m 9 "o
 syllable z !y %\ld be4  ,next1 take up 
y\r consonants be=e ! v[el              
,illu/ration3  musical notation1  ,baw1 
bay1 bee1 bo1 boo   ,baw1 bay1 bee1 bo1 
boo        ,baw1 bay1 bee1 bo1 boo      
,daw1 day1 dee1 d1 doo   ,daw1 day1 dee1
 d1 doo        ,daw1 day1 dee1 d1 doo   
,faw1 fay1 etc4           ,faw1 fay1    
etc4                ,faw1 fay1 etc4     
,gaw1 gay1 etc4           ,gaw1 gay1    
etc4                ,gaw1 gay1 etc4     
,haw1 hay1 etc4           ,haw1 hay1    
etc4                ,haw1 hay1 etc4  ,j1

 k1 l1 m1 n1 p1 q1 r1 s1 t1 v1 w1 y1 z4 
until y h cov]$ all ! consonants4  ,!n  
y\r f9al consonants1 z 9 late1 date1    
light1 bright4  ,9 ! ^w date1 make y\r d
 & y\r a di/9ct & on ! tone1 b z y      
pron\nce y\r t1 :i* mu/ also be di/9ct1 
drop ! tone s z n to leave an aft]-tone4
 ,?is mu/ be done 9 all words except ^? 
end+ ) m & n4  ,next build s5t5ces f    
words :i* seem mo/ difficult to y & s+ !
 entire s5t5ce on "o su/a9$ tone4       
,example--  ,illu/ration3 musical       
notation repeat+ ,n[ ! day is ov]4 ,n[ !
 day is ov]4 ,n[ ! day is ov]4  ,9 a    
song :]e "s p>ticul> phrase or s5t5ce   
seems difficult to y1 s+ ! entire phrase
 or s5t5ce on "o su/a9$ tone1 pron\nc+ !
 words di/9ctly until y h gone d[n      
sev]al tones bel[ & sev]al tones above !
 pit* 9 :i* x is writt51 s++ x ov] & ov]
 on ! "o su/a9$ tone 9 all ! keys ( y\r 
range4 ,i _c tell y ( ! b5efit y w d]ive
 f ma/]+ a difficult phrase or s5t5ce 9 
?is mann]4  ,= ! h>dness & muscul>      
contraction "u ! *91 :i* has und\bt$ly  

be5 br\ght ab\t by me?ods advocat+ !    
plac+ ( ! tip ( ! tongue aga9/ ! back ( 
! l[] tee?1 put y\r ?umb well up "u y\r 
*9 & see t !re is no contraction        
7h>dness74 ,leave y\r tongue p]fectly   
limp1 & hum fir/ ?r\gh ! nose1 gradually
 turn+ ! humm+ into an o1 o1 o1 !n to o1
 o1 o1 su/a9+ ! tone & keep+ ! ?umb pu%$
 well up "u ! *9 to feel t !re is no    
contraction4 ,by us+ ?is ex]cise y w be 
able to ov]come ?is common fault 9 a v  
%ort "t1 b y mu/ g at x sy/ematically4  
,9 s++ songs pron\nce y\r words p]fectly
 & di/9ctly1 lett+ ! palate1 glottis &  
l>ynx take c>e ( !mselves4 ,if y\r me?od
 ( s++ is good1 no?+ c injure y\r voice4
  ,z ?is book voices ! s5tim5t ( "s ( ! 
mo/ brilliant lights 9 ! pr(ession1 &   
conta9s facts bas$ on ye>s ( actual     
exp]i5ce1 x is n egoti/ical = me to say 
t its c>eful1 ?\ghtful & consci5ti\s    
p]usal w give to ! /ud5t ( voice culture
 assi/ance t w be ( ine/imable value 9  
rea*+ 8 goal4  ,/>t ) ease & naturalness
 & ! *ances are excell5t = y\r pa?way to

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