f ! ,google ,pr9t project47 ,lib]ty or ,slav]y2 ! ,great ,national ,"q4 ,,?ree ,,prize ,,essays ,,on ,,am]ican ,,slav]y4 ,,! ,,tru? ,,9 ,,love4 ,,bo/on3 ,,congregational ,,bo>d ,,( ,,publication4 #aheg4 ,ent]$ accord+ to ,act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye> #aheg1 by ,,sewall ,,h>d+1 ,9 ! ,cl]k's ,(fice ( ! ,di/rict ,c\rt ( ! ,di/rict ( ,massa*usetts4 ,,cambridge3 ,,all5 ,,& ,,f>nham1 ,,/]eotyp]s ,,& ,,pr9t]s4 ,,premium ,,(f]$4 ,a b5evol5t individual1 :o has num]\s fri5ds & acqua9tances bo? ,nor? & ,s\?1 & :o has _h peculi> opportunities = le>n+ ! /ate & condition ( all sections ( ! nation1 p]ceiv+ ! dang] ( our national ,in/itutions1 & deeply impress$ ) a s5se ( ! importance1 9 ?is "t ( p]il1 ( h>moniz+ ,*ri/ian m5 ?r\gh ! c\ntry1 by k9d yet fai?ful exhibitions ( tru? on ! subject n[ agitat+ ! :ole community1 (f]$ a premium ( #ajj = ! be/ ,essay on ! subject ( ,slav]y1 fitt$ to influ5ce ! great body ( ,*ri/ians ?r\gh ! l&4 ,! call 0 soon respond$ to by ne>ly fifty writ]s1 ^: manuscripts 7 exam9$ by ! di/+ui%$ committee appo9t$ by ! ,donor1 ^: aw>d has be5 made1 z _! c]tificate1 "h annex$1 w %[4 ,,premium ,,aw>d$4 ,! und]sign$1 appo9t$ a ,committee to aw>d a premium ( "o hundr$ doll>s1 (f]$ by a b5evol5t individual1 = ! be/ ,essay on ! subject ( ,slav]y1 adapt$ to receive ! approbation ( ,evangelical ,*ri/ians g5]ally1 h _h "u exam9ation m ?an =ty compet+ manuscripts1 a l>ge numb] ( !m writt5 ) mu* ability4 ,!y h decid$ to aw>d ! prize to ! au?or ( ! ,essay entitl$1 ,! ,error & ! ,duty 9 reg>d to ,slav]y1 :om !y f9d1 on op5+ ! accompany+ envelope1 to be ! ,rev4 ,r4 ,b4 ,,?ur/on1 ( ,*icopee ,falls1 ,mass4 ,!y w\ld also comm5d to ! att5tion ( ! public1 two ( ! rema9+ tracts1 select$ by ! individual :o (f]$ ! prize1 & = :i* he & o!rs int]e/$ h giv5 a prize ( "o hundr$ doll>s ea*4 ,"o ( ^! is entitl$1 ,fri5dly ,lett]s to a ,*ri/ian ,slave-hold]1 by ,rev4 ,a4 ,c4 ,,baldw91 ( ,durham1 ,conn42 ! o!r1 ,is ,am]ican ,slav]y an ,in/itution :i* ,*ri/ianity sanctions & w p]petuate8 by ,rev4 ,,timo?y ,,willi/on1 ( ,/rongsville1 ,ohio4 ,,asa ,d4 ,,smi?1 ,,m>k ,,hopk9s1 ,,!odore ,,frel+huys54 ,may1 #aheg4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,page ,i4 ,,! ,,error ,,& ,,! ,,duty ,,9 ,,reg>d ,,to ,,slav]y1 #a ,,ii4 ,,fri5dly ,,lett]s ,,to ,a ,,*ri/ian ,,slave-,,hold]1 #ci ,,iii4 ,,is ,,am]ican ,,slav]y ,,an ,,in/itution ,,:i* ,,*ri/ianity ,,sanctions ,,& ,,w ,,p]petuate1 #ii ,,footnotes ,,! ,,error ,,& ,,! ,,duty ,,9 ,,reg>d ,,to ,,slav]y4 ,,by ,,rev4 ,r4 ,b4 ,,?ur/on4 ,! great & agitat+ "q ( our c\ntry is t conc]n+ slav]y4 ,b5ea? ! :ole subject !re lies ( c\rse "s simple tru?1 = all fundam5tal tru? is simple1 :i* w be readily accept$ by patriotic & ,*ri/ian m9ds1 :5 x is cle>ly p]ceiv$ & discreetly appli$4 ,x is ! design ( ^! pages to exhibit ?is tru?1 & to %[ t x is a f\ndation = a union ( s5tim5t & action on ! "p ( good m51 by :i*1 "u ! div9e bless+1 our ?reat5+ controv]sies1 ,nor? & ,s\?1 may be happily t]m9at$4 ,to avoid misappreh5sion1 let x be notic$ t we %all exam9e ! c5tral claim ( slav]y1 fir/1 z a legal in/itution2 aft]w>ds1 ! moral relations ( individuals connect$ ) x w be consid]$4 ,9 t exam9ation ! t]m prop]ty1 z possess$ 9 m51 w be us$ 9 ! specific s5se :i* is giv5 to x by ! slave laws & ! practical op]ation ( ! sy/em4 ,no o!r s5se is relevant to ! discussion4 ,! prop]ty ( ! fa!r 9 ! s]vices ( ! son1 ( ! ma/] 9 ! labor ( ! appr5tice1 ( ! ,/ate 9 ! =c$ toil ( ! convict1 is n 9 "q4 ,none ( ^! relations creates slav]y z su*2 & !y %\ld n be all[$1 z has sometimes be5 done1 to obscure ! argum5t4 ,! limits ( a brief tract on a great subject compel u to pass unnotic$ _m que/ions :i* w occur to a ?\ghtful m9d4 ,x is believ$ t !y all f9d _! solution 9 our fundam5tal positions2 & t all passages ( ! ,bible relat+ to ! g5]al subject1 :5 fai?fully int]pret$ 9 _! real h>mony1 su/a9 ^! positions4 ,x is admitt$ t ! foll[+ argum5t is uns\nd if x does n provide = e logical & practical exig5cy4 ,! prim>y tru? :i* is n[ to be e/abli%$ may be ?us /at$3 ,all m5 are inve/$ by ! ,creator ) a common "r to hold prop]ty 9 inf]ior ?+s2 b !y h no su* "r to hold prop]ty 9 m54 ,*ri/ians agree t ,god z ! ,creator is ! orig9al proprietor ( all ?+s1 & t he has absolute "r to dispose ( all ?+s accord+ to 8 pleasure4 ,?is "r he nev] rel9qui%es1 b ass]ts 9 8 ^w & ex]cises 9 8 provid5ce4 ,! ,bible speaks ?us3 ,! e>? is ! ,"l's & ! fulness !re(1 ! _w & !y t dwell !re91 = he ha? f\nd$ x4 ,we are 8 p & ! %eep ( 8 pa/ure--ourselves1 !re=e1 subject to 8 possession & disposal z ! feeble flock to u4 ,ev5 irreligi\s m5 (t5 te/ify to ?is tru?1 confess+ ! h& ( provid5ce 9 natural ev5ts t despoil !m ( _! weal?4 ,n[1 "u 8 own supreme control1 ,god has giv5 to all m5 equally a dep5d5t & limit$ "r ( prop]ty4 ,giv5 is ! ^w repeat$ly *os5 by inspiration 9 ?is connection4 ,! heav5s are ! ,"l's1 b ! e>? ha? he giv5 to ! *ildr5 ( m54 ,9 ,ed5 he bless$ ! fir/ human pair1 & said to !m1 9 behalf ( ! race1 ,repl5i% ! e>? & subdue x2 & h dom9ion ov] ! fi% ( ! sea1 & ov] ! f[l ( ! air1 & ov] e liv+ ?+ t move? ^u ! e>?4 ,behold1 ,i h giv5 y e h]b be>+ se$ :i* is ^u ! face ( all ! e>?1 & e tree 9 ! :i* is ! fruit ( a tree yield+ se$4 ,?is1 !n1 is ! orig9al & p]man5t gr\nd ( man's title to prop]ty2 & ! important fact to be obs]v$ is ! specific div9e grant4 ,! "r ( all m5 equally to own prop]ty is ! positive in/itution ( ! ,creator4 ,we all alike hold our possessions by 8 au!ntic w>rant1 8 de$ ( conveyance4 ,let u be und]/ood "h4 ,we are n educ+ f ! ,bible a doctr9e :i* w\ld level society1 by giv+ to all m5 equal %>es ( prop]ty2 b a doctr9e :i* ext5ds equal div9e protection ov] ! "r ( e man to hold t am\nt ( prop]ty :i* he e>ns by 8 own faculties1 9 consi/5cy ) all div9e /atutes4 ,?is "r is inde$ argu$ f nature2 & ju/ly2 = ,god's revelations 9 nature & 9 8 ^w co9cide4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 a "r ( s mu* consequ5ce to ! _w1 t1 :]e nature leaves x1 he incorporates x1 & gives x ! =ce ( a law2 s t 9 ! sequel we c ) propriety speak ( x z a law1 z well z an in/itution4 ,to ! believ] 9 ! ,bible1 ?is law is ! end ( argum5t4 ,x w h weight ) "s m9ds to /ate t ?is position is support$ by ! highe/ legal au?ority4 ,9 8 ,comm5t>ies on ! ,laws ( ,engl&1 ,black/one quotes ! primeval grant ( ,god1 & !n rem>ks1 ,?is is ! only true & solid f\ndation ( man's dom9ion ov] ext]nal ?+s1 :atev] airy metaphysical notions may h be5 />t$ by fanciful writ]s ^u ?is subject4 ,! e>?1 !re=e1 & all ?+s !re91 are ! g5]al prop]ty ( all mank9d1 exclusive ( o!r be+s1 f ! imm$iate gift ( ! ,creator4,a ,x w enhance ! =ce ( ?is argum5t to rememb] t ?is univ]sal "r ( prop]ty is "o ( :at may be call$ a sacr$ tr9ity ( p>adisaical in/itutions4 ,^! in/itutions are ! ,sabba?1 appo9t$ 9 reg>d = our relations to ,god z moral be+s2 m>riage1 orda9$ = our welf>e z memb]s ( a successive race2 & ! "r ( prop]ty1 conf]r$ to meet our necessities z dwell]s on ?is mat]ial globe4 ,^! ?ree are ! _w's inh]itance f lo/ ,ed54 ,!y 7 receiv$ by ! fir/ fa!r 9 behalf ( all 8 po/]ity4 ,!y 7 design$ = all m5 z m54 ,x is demon/rable t !y are indisp5sable1 t ! _w may become ,p>adise ,rega9$4 ,prop]ty1 m>riage1 & religion h be5 call$ ! pill>s ( society2 & ! fir/ is ( equal importance ) ! o!r two2 = all progress 9 dome/ic felicity & 9 religi\s culture dep5ds on prop]ty1 & also on ! equitable di/ribution or possession ( prop]ty1 z "o ( its ess5tial conditions4 ,prop]ty lies 9 ! f\ndation ( e happy home1 h[ev] humble2 & prop]ty gilds ! p9nacle ( e consecrat$ temple4 ,! wise & imp>tial ,dispos]1 !re=e1 makes ! end[m5ts ( 8 creatures equal ) _! responsibilities3 to all ^? on :om he lays ! obligations ( religion & ( ! family /ate1 he gives ! "r ( hold+ ! prop]ty on :i* ! dwell+ & ! sanctu>y mu/ be f\nd$4 ,x is a sacr$ "r1 a div9e inve/iture1 be>+ ! date ( ! creation & ! seal ( ! ,creator4 ,! bless+ ( ?is in/itution1 l t ( ! ,sabba? & ( ! family1 has inde$ be5 %att]$ by ! fall ( man2 b :5 ,god said to ,noah & 8 sons1 conc]n+ ! inf]ior creatures1 ,into y\r h& are !y deliv]$2 ev5 z ! gre5 h]b h ,i giv5 y all ?+s1 x 0 re/abli%$ & consecrat$ anew4 ,! ,psalmi/ repeat$ ! assurance to ! _w :5 he wrote1 ,?\ made/ him to h dom9ion ov] ! works ( ?y h&2 ?\ ha/ put all ?+s "u 8 feet4 ,we n[ advance to ! second "p ( our proposition4 ,m5 h no su* "r to hold prop]ty 9 m54 ,s9ce ! "r is f ,god1 x foll[s imm$iately t !y c hold 9 own]%ip1 by a div9e title1 only :at he has giv54 ,b he has n giv5 to m51 z m51 a "r ( own]%ip 9 m54 ,no "o w cont5d = a mom5t t ! univ]sal grant above consid]$ conf]s ^u !m mutual dom9ion1 or rightful prop]ty 9 _! species4 ,! idea is n 9 ! t]ms2 x is n[h]e 9 ! ,bible2 x is n 9 nature2 x is repugnant to common s5se2 x w\ld resolve ! race into ! absurd & t]rific relation ( antagoni/s1 /ruggl+1 ea* "o = ! ma/]y ( 8 own e/ate 9 ano!r1--,i1 = ! possession ( my "r 9 y2 & y1 = y\rs 9 me4 ,nay1 ! v act ( entitl+ all m5 to hold prop]ty proves ! exemption ( all1 by ! div9e w1 f ! condition ( prop]ty4 ,! idea t a man c be an article ( prop]ty & an own] ( prop]ty by ! same supreme w>rant is contradictory & absurd4 ,we n[ h sure gr\nd = object+ to ! sy/em ( ,am]ican slav]y1 z su*4 ,x is directly oppos$ to ! orig9al1 au?oritative in/itution ( ,jehovah4 ,he gives m5 ! "r to hold prop]ty4 ,slav]y /rips !m ( ! div9e inve/iture4 ,he gives m5 dom9ion ov] inf]ior creatures4 ,slav]y makes !m %>e ! subjection ( ! brute4 ,t slav]y does ?is1 ! laws ( ! ,/ates 9 :i* x exi/s abundantly decl>e4 ,slaves are *attels1 e/ate p]sonal4 ,slave-hold]s assembl$ 9 conv5tion solemnly affirm 9 view ( nor!rn agitation ( ! subject1 t ma/]s h ! same "r to _! slaves :i* !y h to any o!r prop]ty4 ,?is ass]t$ & ex]cis$ "r is ! vital pr9ciple & sub/ance ( ! in/itution4 ,x is ! c5tral delusion & transgression2 & ! evils ( ! sy/em to :ite & black are its legitimate consequ5ces4 ,! legal & ! lead+ idea conc]n+ slaves is t !y are prop]ty3 ( c\rse1 ! idea t !y are m51 inve/$ ) ! rights ( m51 practically s9ks2 &1 f ! premise t !y are prop]ty1 ! conclusion is logical t !y may be treat$ z prop]ty4 ,:y %\ld prop]ty1 contr>y to ! int]e/s ( ! proprietor1 be exempt f sale1 receive in/ruction1 give te/imony 9 c\rt1 hold e/ate1 pres]ve family ties1 be lov$ z ! own] loves himself1 9 f9e1 enjoy all or any ( ! inali5able rights ( man8 ,x is because !y are held z prop]ty1 t slaves are sold2 because !y are prop]ty1 families are torn asund]2 because !y are prop]ty1 in/ruction is d5i$ !m2 because !y are prop]ty1 ! law1 & ! public s5tim5t t makes ! law1 cru% !m z m54 ,we d n "h call 9 "q ! mitigations ) :i* ,*ri/ian ma/]s temp] into mildness ! h>d work+ ( an evil sy/em4 ,^? mitigations d n1 h[ev]1 logically or morally def5d slav]y4 ,nay1 !y condemn x2 = !y are practical tributes to ! fact t ! laws ( humanity1 n ( prop]ty1 are b9d+ 9 respect to ! slaves4 ,h5ce !y really %[ ! inh]5t inconsi/5cy ( ! idea1 & ! unrighte\sness ( ! sy/em :i* reg>ds m5 z prop]ty4 ,not)/&+ ^? mitigations1 ! sy/em itself1 l e wrong sy/em1 produces *>act]i/ic evils1 :i* c be prev5t$ only by remov+ _! cause1 ! false doctr9e t m5 c be rightfully held 9 own]%ip4 ,fall5 z man is1 no prophet 0 ne$$ to =etell at ! fir/ ! dreadful facts t h be5 record$ 9 ! bitt] hi/ory ( man's claim ( prop]ty 9 man4 ,su* a hi/ory mu/ always be a scroll writt5 )9 & )\t ) lam5tations & m\rn+ & woe4 ,man is n a safe deposit>y ( su* p[]4 ,a human in/itution :i* subv]ts a div9e in/itution1 & :i* c>ries ) x ! assumption ( a div9e pr]ogative 9 con/itut+ a new species ( prop]ty1 naturally saps ! f\ndations ( e o!r div9e in/itution & law :i* /&s 9 its way4 ,h5ce1 = example1 ! fall ( ! dome/ic in/itution be=e t ( slav]y4 ,! inh]5t wrongfulness ( ,am]ican slav]y z a legal & social in/itution is !re=e cle>ly demon/rat$4 ,x =mally aboli%es by law & usage a div9e in/itution4 ,h5ce1 9 its practical op]ation1 x sets aside o!r div9e in/itutions & laws4 ,consequ5tly x /&s 9 ! same relations to ! div9e gov]nm5t ) ! abolition ( ! ,sabba? by infidel ,france1 & ) ! p]v]sion ( ! family in/itution by ! ,mormon t]ritory ( ,utah4 ,"h ! fundam5tal argum5t f ! ,bible re/s4 ,b slav]y ju/ifies itself by ! ,bible4 ,x becomes ess5tial1 !re=e1 to exam9e ! validness ( ?is ju/ification4 ,!re are b two possible ways ( avoid+ ! conclusion t has be5 rea*$4 ,to v9dicate slav]y x mu/ be prov$1 fir/1 t ,god has aboli%$ ! orig9al in/itution1 conf]r+ on m5 univ]sally ! "r to hold prop]ty2 or1 secondly1 x mu/ be prov$1 t1 :ile he has by special enactm5ts tak5 away f a portion ( mank9d ! "r to hold prop]ty1 he has giv5 to o!r m5 ! "r to hold ! =m] z prop]ty4 ,fur!r1 to ju/ify ,am]ican slav]y1 x mu/ be %[n t ^! special enactm5ts include ! ,african race & ! ,am]ican ,/ates4 ,9 reg>d to ! fir/ po9t we simply rem>k1 x is morally impossible t ,god %\ld p]man5tly & g5]ally aboli% ! orig9al in/itution conc]n+ prop]ty2 because1 z 9 ! case ( its coevals1 ! ,sabba? & m>riage1 ! reason = x is p]man5t & un*angeable1 & lex /at dum ratio manet1 ! law /&s :ile ! reason rema9s4 ,moreov]1 !re is n a ^w ( su* repeal 9 ! ,bible4 ,t in/itution1 !re=e1 is /ill a *>t] ( rights = ! *ildr5 ( m54 ,till x is assail$1 m ne$ n be said4 ,z to ! second po9t1 we believe t c>eful inve/igation w prove conclusively1 t no special enactm5ts are n[ 9 =ce :i* arre/ or modify ! in/itutions ( ,ed51 9 reg>d to any /ate or any p]sons4 ,x w1 !n1 rema9 demon/rat$1 t ! legal sy/em ( slav]y exi/s utt]ly )\t w>rant ( ! ,holy ,scriptures1 & 9 defiance ( ! au?ority ( ! ,creator4 ,! ^w ( ,god is ?r\gh\t consi/5t4 ,x is "h freely admitt$1 t ,god c arre/ ! op]ation ( g5]al laws by special /atutes4 ,he c take away f m5 ! "r to hold prop]ty :i* he has giv51 &1 if he please1 con/itute !m ! prop]ty ( o!r m54 ,x is1 9 ?is respect1 z x is ) life4 ,god c take :at he gives4 ,if1 !n1 he has giv5 au?ority to individuals or to nations to hold o!rs z prop]ty1 !y may d s4 ,nay1 m2 if _! commission is imp]ative1 !y mu/ d s4 ,b su* an act ( ,god creates an exception to 8 own fundam5tal law1 &1 l all exceptions1 conveys its own re/rictions1 & proves ! rule4 ,x imposes no yoke1 save ^u ^? appo9t$ to subjugation4 ,x conf]s no au?ority1 save ^u ^? specifically inve/$ ) x4 ,!y are b\nd to keep absolutely )9 ! prescrib$ t]ms1 & no o!rs c innoc5tly seize _! delegat$ dom9ion4 ,outside ( ! except$ p>ties ! univ]sal law has sway unimpair$4 ,x is 9 ?is in/ance z x is 9 reg>d to m>riage4 ,god p]mitt$ ! patri>*s to multiply _! wives2 b monogamy is n[ a sacr$ in/itution = ! _w4 ,s ! supreme ,dispos] c make a slave1 or a nation ( slaves2 & ! _w %all be ev5 ! m solemnly b\nd by ! orig9al in/itutes conc]n+ prop]ty4 ,x foll[s1 )\t a *asm 9 ! argum5t1 or a d\btful /ep1 t1 :5 p]sons or ,/ates r$uce m5 to ! condition ( *attels1 )\t div9e au?orization1 !y are guilty ( subv]t+ a div9e in/itution2 &1 s9ce x is ! pr]ogative ( ,god to det]m9e :at %all be prop]ty1 !y are *>geable ) a presumptu\s usurpation ( div9e pr]ogative1 9 mak+ prop]ty1 s f> z human =ce & law c d x1 ( ^? :om ,jehovah has creat$ 9 8 own image1 & inve/$ ) all ! orig9al rights ( m54 ,! s\ndness ( ! pr9ciple conta9$ 9 ^! rem>ks1 bo? 9 law & 9 biblical int]pretation1 w n be que/ion$4 ,9 ! light ( x1 let u exam9e briefly ! ju/ifications ( slav]y z d]iv$ f ! ,bible4 ,happily ! pr9ciple itself saves ! labor ( m9ute & protract$ criticism4 ,we fir/ consid] ! curse pron\nc$ ^u ,canaan by ,noah4 ,admitt+ all t is necess>y to ! support ( slav]y1 namely1 t t curse con/itut$ ! desc5dants ( ,canaan ! prop]ty ( "s o!r tribe or p1 ^u :om x conf]r$ ! "r ( hold+ !m z prop]ty1 yet ev5 s ?is passage does n ju/ify b condemns ,am]ican slav]y2 = t curse does n t\* ! ,african race3 !y are n desc5dants ( ,canaan2,b & x gives no rights to ,am]ican ,/ates4 ,9 lat] times ! ,canaanites 7 devot$ to de/ruction = _! s9s4 ,! ,hebrews 7 ! ag5ts appo9t$ by ,jehovah to ?is "w ( retribution4 ,x 0 n1 h[ev]1 accompli%$ 9 _! entire ext]m9ation4 ,9 ! case ( ! ,gibeonites x 0 =mally commut$ to s]vitude1 & o!r nations occupy+ ! promis$ l& 7 made tribut>y4 ,?us ! curse ^u ,canaan 0 fulfill$ by au?oriz$ execution]s ( div9e ju/ice4 ,:at light does ! :ole hi/ory n[ ?r[ ^u slav]y8 ,x is pla9 ! curse 0 a judicial act ( ,god conc]n+ ,canaan4 ,x foll[s t conque/ ) ext]m9ation or s]vitude 0 a judgm5t ( ,god1 :i* he appo9t$ 8 *os5 p to execute4 ,x foll[s fur!r1 t ^?1 :o1 )\t 8 commission1 r$uce to bondage m5 :o are n desc5dants ( ,canaan1 d inflict a curse on ^? :om he has n curs$2 & ?us virtually assume 8 mo/ awful pr]ogative z ! ,judge ( guilty nations4 ,we !n inquire :e!r ! ,/ates ( ! ,s\? h receiv$ w>rant = enslav+ any portion ( mank9d4 ,has ,god giv5 !m ! ,african race z prop]ty8 ,:]e is ! commission8 ,! argum5t fails to ju/ify mod]n slav]y = ! same reason id5tically t x fails to ju/ify (f5sive w> & conque/4 ,god has n giv5 ! "r--has nei!r proclaim$ ! curse1 nor commission$ ! ag5t ( ! curse4 ,*ri/ian ,/ates 9 ,am]ica seize x1 & lay x ^u ^? :om he has n curs$4 ,! passage ( 8 ^w :i* has be5 consid]$ af=ds !m no sanction4 ,we proce$ to ano!r passage4 ,x is suppos$ by _m to be an incontrov]tible def5ce ( mod]n slav]y1 t ! ,hebrews 7 au?oriz$ to buy bondm5 & bondmaids ( ! hea!n r\nd ab\t !m4 ,let u c&idly exam9e ?is def5ce4 ,:y 7 ! ,hebrews au?oriz$ by ,god 9 express t]ms to buy s]vants1 & possess !m z _! money8 ,evid5tly because !y did n o!rwise h ?is au?ority4 ,human be+s1 z we h se51 7 n giv5 9 ! grant ( prop]ty4 ,!y d n1 !re=e1 fall )9 ! scope ( ! g5]al laws ( prop]ty4 ,if !y _h s fall51 ! special /atutes1 by :i* ! ,hebrews pur*as$ !m1 w\ld h be5 z gratuit\s z special enactm5ts = buy+ animals1 trees1 & m9]als4 ,( all nations !y only h possess$ ?is "r2 = !y only receiv$ x by special be/[m5t4 ,! re/ ( mank9d h ev] be5 prohibit$ f assum+ x by fundam5tal laws4 ,if ev] !re 0 a case 9 :i* ! exception proves ! rule1 t case is be=e u2 & !re=e a *asm yawns betwe5 ! premise & ! conclusion def5sive ( slav]y1 :i* no exegesis & no logic c bridge ov]4 ,to illu/rate ! /r5g? ( ?is argum5t1 let ! fact be obs]v$1 t1 if x c\ld be set aside1 x w\ld foll[1 by p>ity ( reason+1 t ! cl]gy ( our c\ntry1 reg>dless ( fundam5tal laws1 h "r to take possession ( a t5? "p ( ! e/ates & incomes ( _! fell[-citiz5s1 because ! ,levites 9 ?is mann] receiv$ _! inh]itance among _! bre?r54 ,x is pla91 h[ev]1 t1 z 9 reg>d to o!r int]e/s no less important ?an lib]ty or slav]y1 s also 9 reg>d to slav]y itself1 ! special laws ( ! ,old ,te/am5t are no long] 9 =ce2 :5ce x foll[s t ! vital doctr9e ( ! sy/em1 ma/]s h ! same "r to _! slaves :i* !y h to any o!r prop]ty1 is totally errone\s4 ,! in/itution :i* claims solid f\ndation "h is built on no?+4 ,we _c =be> to adduce an in/ance ( unexceptionable te/imony to ! validity ( ?is reason+4 ,9 "o or two fam\s articles on slav]y & abolitionism1 ! ,pr9ceton ,rep]tory adopts x1 ) ano!r application1 & says1 ,s f> z polygamy & divorce 7 p]mitt$ "u ! old disp5sation !y 7 lawful1 & became s by t p]mission2 & !y ceas$ to be lawful :5 t p]mission 0 )drawn1 & a new law giv54 ,t ,*ri/ did give a new law is abundantly evid5t4 ,9 ! same mann]1 's f> z' slav]y '0 p]mitt$ "u ! old disp5sation x 0 lawful1 & became s by t p]mission2 & x ceas$ to be lawful :5 t p]mission 0 )drawn1 & a new law giv54' ,x is true1 h[ev]1 only 9 a qualifi$ s5se1 t ,*ri/ gave a new law conc]n+ polygamy & divorce4 ,8 law re/or$ ! orig9al in/itution ( m>riage1 z 9 ,ed52 & ?is 0 new to ! ,jews1 because !re _h be5 dep>ture f x4 ,9 l mann] ! ,new ,te/am5t1 if n ! v words ( ,*ri/1 n[ gives a new law conc]n+ slav]y 9 ! same s5se2 t is1 z w appe>1 9 ! sequel1 ! ,*ri/ian precepts re/ore ! orig9al in/itution conc]n+ prop]ty z well z conc]n+ m>riage4 ,! laws :i* all[$ polygamy & slav]y1 & !re=e ! "r1 pass$ away toge!r4 ,"h we leave ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,no o!r passages ne$ exam9ation2 = all consi/ ) ^! positions4 ,s f> z t sacr$ volume gives light1 ! _w are b\nd by ! laws & h equal "r to ! full bless+s ( ?ree div9e in/itutions1 ^: f\ndations 7 laid 9 ,p>adise1 & ^: complete & glori\s proportions w encompass ! univ]sal1 mill5nial felicity4 ,! def5ce ( slav]y f ! ,new ,te/am5t n[ dem&s brief notice4 ,we desire to all[ x full =ce1 :ile we ask ! read]'s c&id judgm5t ( ! conclusion4 ,( c\rse1 ! ,new ,te/am5t sanctions n[ :at x sanction$ 9 ! days ( its au?ors4 ,t mu/ h be5 ,roman1 n ,hebrew1 slav]y2 = !y liv$ & wrote to m5 "u ,roman law4 ,besides1 !re is reason to believe1 z ,kitto /ates1 t ! ,jews at t "t held no slaves4 ,9 po9t ( hi/oric tru?1 x appe>s t ! ,mosaic law1 f9d+ slav]y 9 exi/5ce1 practically op]at$ z a sy/em ( gradual emancipation = its ext9ction4 ,!re is no evid5ce t ,*ri/ ev] came 9 contact ) slav]y4 ,?is suffici5tly expla9s :y he did n give a new law conc]n+ x 9 specific t]ms4 ,! occasion did n arise1 z x did arise 9 reg>d to polygamy & divorce1 ) :i* he did come 9 contact4 ,fur!rmore1 !re 0 no ne$ ( new law1 o!r ?an 0 actually giv54 ,! argum5t f ! ,new ,te/am5t = ! rightfulness ( slav]y is tw(old1 be+ built on ! in/ructions giv5 to ma/]s & s]vants4 ,x fails on bo? sides4 ,=1 fir/1 ! precepts address$ to s]vants convey no au?ority to national rul]s or to private individuals to set aside ! in/itution ( ,jehovah by r$uc+ m5 to ! condition ( slaves4 ,^! precepts simply enjo9 ! conduct :i* ,*ri/ianity requir$ 9 _! actual situation4 ,!y d n v9dicate ! law & usage by :i* !y 7 held z prop]ty4 ,?is is abundantly evid5t 9 ! texts !mselves1 & m emphatically1 :5 !y are comp>$ ) ! p>allel cases4 ,*ri/ promulgat$ ^! rules4 ,i say unto y t ye resi/ n evil2 b :osoev] %all smite !e on ?y "r *eek1 turn to him ! o!r also4 ,& if any man w sue !e at ! law & take away ?y coat1 let him h ?y cloak also4 ,does ?is emp[] ,/ates to legalize fraud & viol5ce8 ,does x transmute all ! evil :i* ,jesus' disciples h endur$ into righte\sness ( ^? :o h inflict$ ! evil8 ,does x wa% ! crimson$ h&s ( p]secutors 9 innoc5cy8 ,does x ju/ify ! wilful smit]8 ,all m5 "k bett]4 ,no "o cont5ds = su* exposition4 ,yet x is indisp5sable to ! int]pretation :i* f9ds a ju/ification ( slav]y 9 precepts :i* enjo9 ob$i5ce on slaves4 ,t ob$i5ce is requir$ on o!r gr\nds4 ,ano!r example4 ,! ,new ,te/am5t explicitly comm&s citiz5s to submit to ! civil p[]4 ,does ?is sanctify ! tyranny ( a ,n]o or a ,ni*olas8 ,9 ! enjo9$ submission ( subjects1 has ! despot1 or ! /ate1 full lic5se = edicts & acts ( oppression & iniquity8 ,yet !y are logically compell$ to admit ?is1 & ?us1 9 !ory at lea/1 bani% fre$om f ! :ole e>?1 :o f9d 9 comm&s address$ to s]vants p[] conf]r$ on legislators & ma/]s to make !m slaves2 t is1 to hold !m z prop]ty4 ,in/ead ( ?is1 ! rights & obligations ( rul]s1 & ( ^? :o claim to be own]s ( _! fell[ m51 are def9$ 9 a v diff]5t class ( in/ructions4 ,secondly1 ! in/ructions address$ to ma/]s =bid ! ex]cise ( ! "r :i* is assum$ 9 slav]y4 ,to make ?is cle>1 we obs]ve1 prim>ily1 !re is no passage 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t :i* in/itutes ! relation ( m5 held 9 own]%ip by m54 ,!re is no direct ref]5ce to ! civil laws :i* con/itut$ ?is relation4 ,!y are pass$ by sil5tly1 z are ! laws t e/abli%$ idolatry1 & k9dl$ ! fires ( p]secution4 ,_! exi/5ce is tacitly ackn[l$g$ 9 ! use ( ! t]ms :i* designate ma/]s & s]vants2 & t is all4 ,h5ce ^? :o f9d "h an apology = slav]y are oblig$ to ref] to secul> hi/ory = ! facts & def9itions on :i* _! argum5t re/s4 ,accord+ly1 no passage 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t w\ld be void ( mean+1 ?\gh slav]y %\ld cease4 ,9 ?is respect ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates resembles ! sacr$ books2 = n "o ^w ( t in/rum5t1 int]pret$ on j pr9ciples z ! palladium ( lib]ty1 ne$s to be oblit]at$ 9 ! abolition ( slav]y4 ,fur!rmore1 & ?is cov]s our position1 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 disreg>d+ ! ,roman law1 ref]s ma/]s exclusively to ! law ( ,god z _! rule = ! treatm5t ( s]vants4 ,a s+le citation1 ) :i* all passages agree1 is suffici5t to %[ ?is4 ,ma/]s1 give unto y\r s]vants t :i* is j & equal1 kn[+ t ye also h a ,ma/] 9 heav54 ,n[1 z none c f9d 9 su* precepts a "r to de/roy ,god's prim>y in/itution conc]n+ ! family1 no m c !y f9d 9 !m a "r to de/roy 8 prim>y & univ]sal in/itution conc]n+ prop]ty4 ,/rong] ?an ?is1 ! conclusion is inevitable1 t ! v precepts :i* are reli$ ^u to support ,am]ican slav]y d condemn & de/roy x2 = ! law ( ,god1 by :i* !y b9d ma/]s1 orda9+ f ,ed5 :at is j & equal betwe5 m51 aboli%es ! fundam5tal & c5tral law ( ! sy/em4,c ,x is argu$1 inde$1 t slav]y is "r1 because ma/]s1 z well z fa!rs & rul]s1 may require ob$i5ce4 ,! argum5t fails utt]ly2 = !re is at ! f\ndation no analogy 9 ! cases4 ,! family & ! ,/ate are div9e in/itutions1 hav+ sanction 9 ! ,bible2 b slav]y subv]ts a div9e in/itution4 ,fa!rs & rul]s1 z su*1 h duties & rights suitable to ! relations !y su/a9 by ! w ( ,god4 ,ma/]s1 z su*1 h no rights2 = _! relation1 z hold+ prop]ty 9 m51 is contr>y to 8 w4 ,_! duty1 to :i* !y are b\nd by ! solemn consid]ation t he is _! ,ma/]1 is practically to re/ore to _! s]vants ! rights :i* he conf]s ^u all2 = no?+ less ?an ?is c be j & equal 9 8 sight4 ,?is view discloses ! h>mony ( ! :ole ,bible conc]n+ slav]y2 &1 9 ! light ( ! two ,te/am5ts1 ! in/itution /&s z a legaliz$ violation ( ! positive w ( ,jehovah4 ,we n[ cond5se ! :ole argum5t into its briefe/ =m1 9 ! foll[+ syllogisms4 ,! entire "r ( m5 to hold prop]ty is giv5 by ! ,creator4 ,he gives to ,am]ican ,/ates & citiz5s no "r to hold prop]ty 9 m54 ,!re=e !y h no su* "r4 ,aga94 ,an in/itution is s9ful1 :i*1 )\t div9e w>rant1 holds prop]ty 9 m51 ?us assum+ a div9e pr]ogative1 & subv]t+ a div9e in/itution4 ,am]ican slav]y does ?is4 ,!re=e x is a s9ful in/itution4 ,! purpose ( ?is tract n[ introduces a new s]ies ( topics4 ,! argum5t dem&s its application2 & ! exig5cies ( ! times pres5t mom5t\s que/ions1 :i* x mu/ answ]4 ,hi!rto we h spok5 ( ! sy/em ( slav]y4 ,we come n[ to p]sons connect$ ) x4 ,because ! sy/em is s9ful1 ! "q imm$iately occurs1 :o are *>geable ) ! s92 = !re is no s9 )\t s9n]s4 ,! answ] is obvi\s4 ,!y are *>geable :o f\nd$ x1 & all :o wilfully implicate !mselves ) x4 ,practically1 !y are always *>geable :o adopt x z _! own 9 !ory & practice1 :o support x 9 ! ,/ate1 consecrate x 9 ! ,*ur*1 & labor = its ext5sion4 ,!y are *>geable1 = !y br+ h]esy into cre$s1 unrighte\sness into legislation1 & crime into popul> usage4 ,if !y are ma/]s1 !y /& 9 ! same moral relations ) p]secutors & tyrannical rul]s1 guilty = all p]sonal injuries !y inflict "u color ( unju/ laws2 &1 :e!r ma/]s or n1 !y are guilty = ex]t+ _! influ5ce to su/a9 laws :i* set aside ! au?ority ( ,god1 & )hold ! rights he has giv54 ,su* m5 are acc\ntable to ,god & to society = delib]ate1 organis$1 aggressive iniquity4 ,! organic s9 ( ! ,/ate is _! s91 ! s9 ( ea* 9 8 own measure2 = !y are ! individuals :o det]m9e ! acts & ! "* ( ! slave-hold+ ,/ate z su*4 ,b are !re no exceptions among slave-hold]s8 ,we tru/ !re are _m4 ,!re is a pla9 di/9ction betwe5 wick$ laws & ! p]sonal acts ( m5 :o live "u ^? laws4 ,"s may approve !m1 & use or abuse !m to ! injury ( _! fell[ m54 ,o!rs may disapprove !m1 & refuse1 by means ( !m1 to d or ju/ify a wrong4 ,*ri/ians may become 9 a legal s5se own]s ( slaves1 :ile !y he>tily deprecate ! sy/em ( oppression1 :ile !y are ready to unite ) good m5 9 feasible & wise measures = its removal1 & :ile !y obey ! ,*ri/ian precepts t[>ds _! s]vants1 r5d]+ unto !m :at is j & equal to m5 & bre?r5 9 ,*ri/4 ,su* ,*ri/ians & su* m5 d n hold slaves 9 ! s5se :i* ,god =bids2 & !y _c be *>g$ ) ! wick$ness ( laws by :i* !y1 z well z ! slaves1 are oppress$4 ,on _! e/ates a high] law ?an t ( slav]y has sway4 ,to !m _! slaves1 ?\gh legally prop]ty1 are morally & actually m54 ,! ,bible su/a9s _! position4 ,!y are ! ,philemons to :om ,paul gives fell[%ip1 & ,onesimus returns1 n z a slave1 b a bro!r belov$4 ,9 ! trials ( _! situation !y %\ld receive ! cordial sympa?y ( ,*ri/ians ev]y:]e4 ,x is1 inde$1 to _! s\nd convictions & _! political influ5ce ! _w mu/ look1 9 "p at lea/1 = ! ultimate1 peaceful ext9ction ( ,am]ican slav]y4 ,)\t !m1 :at w\ld ! ,s\? become8 ,) ! ,scriptures 9 our h& we e>ne/ly say to !m1 ,?r[ ! weight ( y\r influ5ce aga9/ unrighte\s laws1 fulfil to s]vants ! law ( ,god1 & y %all h ! sympa?y & confid5ce ( good m5 ev]y:]e4 ,nay1 m2 y1 ) _! help1 & !y ) y\r help1 w conf9e ! spread+ curse1 till1 ) ,god's bless+1 x %all cease2 & ,*ri/ian & civiliz$ man %all h no m communion ) x4 ,^! discrim9ations answ] c]ta9 ecclesia/ical que/ions1 :i* h occasion$ mu* p]plexity & discord4 ,:5 prop]ly appli$1 !y take away :atev] support a wick$ in/itution has f\nd by lean+ ^u ! ,*ur*2 at ! same "t !y aw>d to consi/5t ,*ri/ians :at is due to !m by ! religion ( ,jesus4 ,if x %all be said1 !re w be practical difficulty 9 apply+ ^! discrim9ations1 x is suffici5t to answ]1 x w be less ?an ! difficulty ( disreg>d+ !m4 ,! "q n[ arises1 :at c be done = ! re/riction & ultimate ext9ction ( slav]y z x is2 =1 s9ce x is s9ful1 ,*ri/ianity & patriotism decl>e x %\ld be re/ra9$ & aboli%$4 ,fir/4 ,! ext5sion ( slav]y c & %\ld be prev5t$ by ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t4 ,! ,scriptures h %[n u1 t ! p 9 _! sov]eignty h n ! "r to create a slave ,/ate or a slave4 ,( c\rse1 ! legislators & presid5ts2 :o receive 9 tru/ ! p[] :i* emanates f ! p1 h no su* "r4 ,if ! ,con/itution assum$ to conf] ?is p[]1 x w\ld be ! fir/ national duly to am5d t in/rum5t 9 ?is p>ticul>4 ,!re is no p[] on e>? compet5t to set aside ei!r ( ! ,creator's orig9al in/itutions = man4 ,b1 accord+ to ! s\nd & e/abli%$ pr9ciple ( /rict con/ruction1 ! ,con/itution z x is does n create slav]y1 or ev5 ackn[l$ge its exi/5ce1 except by inf]5ce4 ,h5ce !re is no legal objection to ! measure :i* religion h]self orda9s4 ,! religi\s & ! political obligations ( all citiz5s & all legislators co9cide to protect1 "u ! jurisdiction ( ,congress1 ! "r ( e man to be exempt f ! condition ( prop]ty1 & to enjoy ! prop]ty :i* he hone/ly e>ns4 ,?us ! "q conc]n+ slav]y & ! t]ritories is morally settl$ by div9e au?ority2 & to ?is no real objection c be made1 except by t great int]e/1 ^: exi/5ce is inh]5tly unrighte\s & irreligi\s4 ,secondly4 ,9 ! slave ,/ates1 legislation %\ld re/ore to ! enslav$ population ! primitive rights :i* ,god has giv5 to all m51 e/abli%+ = !m1 on humane & ,*ri/ian pr9ciples1 su* relations z are suitable to _! condition ( pov]ty1 ignorance1 & dep5d5ce1 & are adapt$ to secure at once _! improvem5t & ! g5]al welf>e4 ,?is is ! logical conclusion to be d]iv$ f ! premises4 ,z ! c5tral wrong ( slav]y consi/s 9 mak+ m5 articles ( prop]ty by law1 ! rectification is to lift f !m by law ! curse ( ! false & irreligi\s doctr9e1 t !y c be rightfully held z prop]ty4 ,?us ! axe is laid to ! root ( ! tree4 ,?is is also ! conclusion to :i* we are =c$ by o!r moral pr9ciples be>+ on ! case4 ,= m5 to receive s]vices ( m5 is "r4 ,accord+ly1 ! ,new ,te/am5t all[s ma/]s to receive s]vices ( ^? :o are slaves 9 ! s5se ( human law2 b at ! same "t ! sacr$ book requires ma/]s1 ) all :o employ labor1 to make ! recomp5ses :i* are j & equal t[>ds m52 = slav]y is n "r2 & legislators1 on _! responsibility to ! ,rul] ( nations1 are b\nd to adju/ ! laws 9 h>mony ) ! fir/ pr9ciples ( individual & moral obligation4 ,fur!rmore1 ?is is ! only practical conclusion4 ,by inevitable necessity1 ! slaves1 z a body1 mu/ rema9 on ! soil ( _! bondage4 ,only exceptional cases ( removal c occur4 ,!y are ! labor]s ( ! ,s\?2 & no ,/ate w1 or c1 or is b\nd1 to remove its labor]s4 ,x is simply b\nd to protect & treat !m ) ,*ri/ian equity & k9dness4 ,bani%m5t ( !m w\ld be inju/ice & cruelty1 violat+ p]haps no less ?an re/or+ div9e rights4 ,moreov]1 no practicable means ( remov+ !m h ev] be5 s]i\sly propos$2 &1 till !y %all be1 ! po9t ne$s no discussion4 ,b ! "q may be rais$1 ,are ! slaves to endure _! pres5t wrongs until ! laws %all be ?us r5ew$1 or p]haps =ev]8 ,we reply1 9 %[+ h[ slave-hold]s c cease f guilty connection ) slav]y2 we h also %[n h[ ! situation ( ! slaves becomes "o ( practical righte\sness1 be=e ! laws c be readju/$2 & = ?is great obligation ( ! body politic1 suffici5t "t mo/ be all[$4 ,moral pr9ciples d n exact natural impossibilities4 ,! elevation ( oppress$ millions c be accompli%$ only 9 h>mony ) great natural & social1 z well z e?ical laws1 :i* ! wisdom ( ,god has orda9$4 ,x rema9s !re=e1 t1 = a p]iod ( :i* no man c see ! end1 ! slaves mu/1 9 mo/ cases1 dwell )9 ! pres5t b\nd>ies2 b x is incumb5t on ! citiz5s & legislators ( ! ,s\? to in/itute imm$iate measures = re/or+ to !m ! inviolable rights ( m54 ,s long z !y cont9ue1 by ! necessities ( ! case1 9 ! relation ( s]vants & labor]s1 ma/]s %\ld deal ) !m accord+ to ! rules ( humane & ,*ri/ian equity1 pay+ to !m 9 suitable ways _! j e>n+s1 hold+ sacr$ _! family ties1 & secur+ to !m ! privileges ( education & religion4 ,mean:ile1 ! legislatures ( ! sev]al ,/ates1 by wise enactm5ts1 %\ld cop]ate ) ma/]s 9 tra9+ _! s]vile population = ! position :i* ! ,creator design$ = m54 ,:5 ^! ?+s %all come to pass1 a consid]ation1 9 :i* _m good m5 h s\ght relief 9 reg>d to slav]y1 w h multipli$ =ce4 ,! provid5tial wisdom ( ,god1 9 br++ millions ( ! *ildr5 ( ,africa f a l& ( pagan d>kness & viol5ce to a l& ( fre$om & ,*ri/ianity1 w %9e ) new lu/re1 :5 !y %all receive f ,am]ican h&s1 toge!r ) true religion1 e div9e "r1 & %all ?us be qualifi$ & enabl$ to convey to ! d>k habitations ( _! fa!rs ! inf9ite bless+s ( enlight5$ lib]ty & ( ! gospel ( et]nal salvation4 ,^! ?+s are practicable4 ,s long z righte\sness exalte? a nation1 a great1 free1 & ,*ri/ian p c d :at !y %\ld d2 & ?us only c !y secure1 "u ! div9e bless+1 _! own highe/ prosp]ity & glory4 ,to prove ?is w\ld be simply to repeat ! famili> facts :i* exhibit ! legitimate effects ( slav]y on g5]al intellig5ce1 ent]prise1 & virtue4 ,b :at %all produce ! true & wide spread public s5tim5t1 :i* is indisp5sable to u%] 9 s radical a *ange 9 ! laws & in/itutions ( pr\d & p[]ful ,/ates8 ,tru? mu/ accompli% ?is great "w--,,! ,,tru? t our ,creator does n place ^? :o be> 8 image 9 bondage to _! fell[ m5 z prop]ty1 b inve/s !m ) a common & inviolable "r ( dom9ion ov] inf]ior ?+s4 ,! vivid light :i* ?is tru? %$s on ! social relations ( m5 has be5 ext+ui%$ at ! ,s\?2 & x has be5 dimm$ at ! ,nor?4 ,9 e "r way & 9 e place1 !re=e1 x %\ld be made to %9e aga9 unobscur$4 ,exp\nd]s %\ld br+ x =? f ! ,holy ,oracles2 = ,jehovah has hall[$ x !re1 & made x equal 9 au?ority ) ! ,sabba?4 ,! press %\ld publi% x2 = x is ! function ( ! press to convey unceas+ly to ! public m9d :atev] w e/abli% & cr[n ! public integrity & welf>e4 ,all m5 %\ld seal x 9 _! he>ts2 = x is ! div9e rule & bond ( bro!rhood 9 ! univ]sal dom9ion4 ,x surr\nds !m ) protect$ families1 & builds _! safe firesides & _! alt>s ( wor%ip4 ,! "q arises "h1 c g5]al agreem5t be expect$ 9 reg>d to ?is prim>y tru?1 & measures :i* legitimately proce$ f x8 ,x is to be suppos$ !re are m5 9 ^: he>ts !re is no fe> ( ,god or love ( _! fell[ be+s4 ,) su* m5 ^! views may be p[]less2 b = m5 ( ,*ri/ian pr9ciple1 we are confid5t !y %[ a common f\ndation = unit$ s5tim5ts & ef=ts4 ,!re is n[ a g5]al1 practical1 vital cons5t t gov]nm5t & society %\ld respect ! div9e in/itutions ( ! family & ! ,sabba?4 ,b5ea? all sup]ficial /rifes & irrelevant issues1 !re is ! same sure gr\nd = a liv+ & e>ne/ agreem5t1 t gov]nm5t & society %\ld respect ! equal & coeval in/itution ( ! "r ( prop]ty4 ,*ri/ian & cons]vative m5 c unite 9 ! propos$ measures & ! tru? :i* appo9ts !m2 = !y desire to pres]ve only :at is "r4 ,*ri/ian & progressive m5 c unite 9 !m2 = !y desire to aboli% only :at is wrong4 ,politics c approve !m2 = !y are con/itutional & patriotic4 ,philan?ropy c be satisfi$ ) !m2 = !y promise all t 9 ! nature ( ! case c be promis$ = ! e>ly relief ( ! slaves4 ,religion sanctions !m2 = !y re/ore h] own in/itutions4 ,good m5 ( ! ,s\? c unite 9 !m ) ^? ( ! ,nor?2 = !y h equal au?ority ,nor? & ,s\?4 ,!y pr(f] only t moral aid :i* great communities1 %>+ common int]e/s & responsibilities1 %\ld r5d] & receive ) intimate & cordial confid5ce4 ,!y honor ! sov]eignty ( pr\d & jeal\s ,/ates2 = ea* ( !m1 ex]cis+ ! p[] :i* spr+s f its own p 9 its own way1 w dis*>ge its political obligations to all )9 its b\nd>ies4 ,a few ye>s or ev5 mon?s ( comb9$ ef=ts w suffice to convey ?is tru? ) vital en]gy to millions ( m9ds & he>ts4 ,9 due "t x w manife/ its efficacy 9 ! public s5tim5t & public policy4 ,we tru/ 9 its p[]4 ,x is inv9cible2 x w be victori\s2 = x is f ,god4 ,its abs5ce f ! popul> & legislative m9d well expla9s _m ( ! evils t h be5 precipitat$ ^u ! nation4 ,its future preval5ce1 "u div9e m]cy1 w arre/ ! progress ( ev5ts :i* w\ld be1 z we judge1 n rem$y1 b retributive de/ruction1 on acc\nt ( slav]y4 ,?is leads u to ! f9al "q4 ,are ! pr9ciples & measures advocat$ 9 ?is tract or _! equival5ts1 ) ! contemplat$ result1 ess5tial to ! welf>e ( our c\ntry8 ,we are compell$ to believe s4 ,we pres5t1 = ! consid]ation ( citiz5s & /atesm51 ?is fact4 ,9 h>mony ) t law ( fitness :i* p]vades ! ,creator's works1 all m5 are con/itut$ ) a nature correspond+ ) ! dom9ion !y h receiv$4 ,!y feel t !y h a "r to hold prop]ty1 & %\ld n be held z prop]ty4 ,slaves feel ?is4 ,ma/]s (t5 %[ t !y feel x4 ,!y :o make laws = slav]y1 ,nor? & ,s\?1 %[ t !y feel x4 ,! little prop]ty :i* slaves are (t5 all[$ to possess1 s f> f furni%+ apology = slav]y1 is an unwitt+ tribute to ! liv+ pr9ciple t de/roys ! sy/em4 ,"h is a philosophical demon/ration t slav]y _c /& 9 p]petuity4 ,?is vital elem5t 9 human nature1 to :i* a div9e in/itution itself is b an index1 is subt]ranean fire b5ea? ! pyramid ( oppression4 ,?\gh long cru%$ & sil5t1 x w n always sleep4 ,d m5 expect to control =ev]1 by law & =ce1 t s5se ( rights :i* burns inext+ui%able 9 e human brea/1 :i* ,god himself k9dl$ 9 ,ed58 ,z well pile rocks on volcanoes to suppress e>?quakes4 ,vital 9 e "p1 ,x c b by annihilat+ die4 ,9 ?is light1 x is no pr$iction to say1 if slav]y survives to consummate its own results x w de/roy our c\ntry4 ,! great political & religi\s problem ( ! slave-hold+ ,/ates1 on :i* _! welf>e really dep5ds1 is n1 h[ %all we ext5d slav]y8 b1 h[ %all we lay legal f\ndation = ! rights ( our s]vile population z m58 ,unless x %all be anticipat$ & prev5t$1 by re/or+ to !m ! dom9ion :i* ! ,creator be/[$1 a day is z sure to come on natural pr9ciples z ! sun to rise1 :5 ! masses ( human prop]ty w ass]t = !mselves ! inde/ructible rights ( _! be+4 ,g5]ations may n see x2 b woe betides ! ,/ates implicat$ 9 ?is oppression1 :5 t day %all dawn2 & ! long] x t>ries ! great] ! woe4 ,to our m9d1 ! /atesm5 are infatuat$ :o d n 9 _! policy reg>d ?is univ]sal s5se ( rights4 ,x is ?is :i* is n[ mak+ s bitt] conflict on ! prairies ( ,kansas4 ,x w always make conflict1 till slav]y expires4 ,9 connection ) ! g5]al welf>e1 !re is ano!r consid]ation1 :i* we solemnly urge ^u e man :o respects ! ,bible4 ,x is ! displeasure ( ,god = slav]y4 ,he gave ! rights :i* x d5ies2 & he w assur$ly v9dicate 8 own in/itutions4 ,x w\ld contradict 8 ^w & hi/ory1 :i* is b ! /ory ( 8 provid5ce1 to suppose t he w p]petually all[ myriads ( m51 9 ?is l& ( light1 to hold z prop]ty o!r myriads & ev5 millions ( _! fell[ m5 & fell[ ,*ri/ians1 :om he has end[$1 z be>+ 8 own image1 ) equal rights4 ,) ,jeff]son we h reason to tremble = our c\ntry1 :5 we behold h] support ( slav]y & rememb] t ,god is j4 ,france aboli%$ ! ,sabba?2 & ?rones h gone d[n 9 blood4 ,am]ica may aboli% ano!r div9e in/itution2 & = ?is h] pr\d ,/ates may be convuls$4 ,! previ\s topic %[s1 inde$1 t ,god has s con/itut$ ! social elem5ts ( ?is _w1 t a great wrong1 l slav]y1 ultimately provides = its own retribution4 ,! oppressor himself treasures up ! vials ( wra? = ,him :o take? v5geance4 ,9 view ( all ! consid]ations :i* h n[ pass$ be=e our m9ds1 is x too mu* to believe1 t ! diffusion ( k9dly & scriptural s5tim5ts1 ) ! bless+ ( heav5 produc+ g5]al agreem5t 9 pr9ciples & measures1 mu/ be ! means ( our c\ntry's salvation f ! guilt & p]ils ( slav]y8 ,if x is n ext5d$1 misguid$1 infatuat$ m5 may1 inde$1 ?reat5 to dissolve ! ,union4 ,/ill we fe> t ext5sion mo/2 = religion tea*es u to fe> ,god m ?an man4 ,x all[s u b ?is alt]native1 to keep 8 comm&m5ts1 & tru/ t he w make ! wra? ( man to praise him4 ,we hold t national righte\sness 9 8 sight1 fir/ pure1 !n peaceable1 is bett] & saf] ?an union & slav]y ) 8 fr[n4 ,let ju/ice be done1 & ! heav5s w n fall4 ,:atev] purposes ,god may conceal 9 ! cl\dy future1 pres5t duties are ours4 ,he seals !m 9 8 ^w4 ,not)/&+ all ! heats & p]v]sions ( p>ties & int]e/s1 we tru/ !re w yet be a s+le voice ( our nation's good m54 ,citiz5s w speak ! tru?1 legislators w enact ! tru?1 *ur*es w hall[ ! tru?1 vital to civilization & ,*ri/ianity1 t1 by ,jehovah's w1 man is n ! prop]ty ( man4 ,!n1 "u ! b5$iction ( our ,fa!r 9 heav51 all 8 *ildr5 9 mutual protection & b5evol5ce w enjoy _! prop]ty1 _! homes1 & _! ,sabba?2 & he w m ri*ly bless ! l& ( ! free & ! j4 ,,fri5dly ,,lett]s ,,to ,a ,,*ri/ian ,,slavehold]4 ,,by ,,rev4 ,a4 ,c4 ,,baldw94 ,,lett] ,i4 ,,introduction4--,,s\!rn ,,c\rtesy ,,& ,,hospitality4--,,*>act]i/ics ,,( ,,! ,,s\? ,,& ,,nor?4--,,no ,,ess5tial ,,diff]5ce ,,at ,,he>t4--,,!y ,,%\ld ,,und]/& ,,ea* ,,o!r ,,bett]4--,a ,,free ,,int]*ange ,,( ,,s5tim5t ,,desirable4--,,s9c]e ,,patriotism ,,& ,,piety ,,common ,,to ,,bo?4--,,^! ,,an ,,effectual ,,safegu>d ,,to ,,our ,,union ,,& ,,good-,,fell[%ip4 ,,my ,,de> ,,*ri/ian ,,bro!r1--,i embrace ! fir/ mom5t at my comm& s9ce leav+ y\r pleasant home1 to express ! gratification af=d$ me by my rec5t visit to ! ,sunny ,s\?4 ,! k9d hospitality & polite att5tions %[n me by y\rself & o!r ,*ri/ian fri5ds1 dur+ my rec5t int]e/+ soj\rn ) y1 w ev] be gratefully rememb]$4 ,i _h previ\sly he>d by ! he>+ ( ! e> ( ! op51 frank w>m-he>t$ness & g5]\s impulses ( s\!rn p1 b n[ ,i c fully appreciate !m4 ,! lessons taught u by exp]i5ce1 :e!r !y be pleasant or pa9ful1 are ! mo/ pr(itable1 & are mo/ deeply engrav5 ^u ! memory4 ,if !re are any p]sons :o ?9k or speak lightly ( ! reput$ complaisance & ,*ri/ian c\rtesy ( ^? :o live s\? ( ,mason & ,dixon's l9e1 ,i h only to say to !m1--g & make ! acqua9tance ( ^? families :i* give ! tone & "* to society !re1 & enjoy ! hospitalities :i* !y almo/ =ce ^u y ) s mu* polit5ess & delicacy z to make y feel t by %>+ !m y are conf]r+ r ?an receiv+ a favor1 & y\r skepticism on ?is po9t w be happily & effectually remov$4 ,y w n und]/& me1 my de> sir1 z imply+ t our s\!rn bre?r5 h really m he>t ?an we at ! ,nor?1 al?\gh !re seems to be prim facie evid5ce 9 y\r favor2 at lea/1 s f> z polite & g5]\s att5tion to /rang]s is conc]n$4 ,9 ?is la/ p>ticul>1 y are con/antly tea*+ u important lessons4 ,/ill1 ,i cont5d t ! ,nor!rn] has z l>ge & g5]\s a s\l1 :5 y get at x1 z anybody4 ,we h he>ts :i* beat w>m & true1 b our cauti\s habits & con/itutional temp]am5t 7phlegmatic sometimes7 conceal !m f view2 :]eas y c>ry y\rs ?robb+ ) g5]\s emotions 9 y\r h&s1 expos$ to ! gaze ( ev]ybody4 ,! ,s\?ron is artless & impulsive1 z well z noble2 ! ,nor!rn] is no less noble1 b hav+ be5 taught m frequ5tly ! doctr9e ( exp$i5cy ?an 8 s\!rn bro!r1 he /ops & calculates :51 & 9 :at circum/ances1 x is be/ to exhibit 8 :ole "*4 ,9 bo? cases1 ! pure gold is !re2 b 9 ! =m] x lies ^u ! surface or 9 ! alluvial1 :ile 9 ! latt] x is (t5 imb$d$ deep 9 ! qu>tz-rock2--x requires "s labor to get x out1 b ! ultimate yield is mo/ ri* & abundant4 ,x is v desirable t a great] degree ( social int]c\rse be kept up betwe5 ! ,nor? & ,s\?4 ,we are bre?r5 ( "o great family1 & !re is no good reason :y ?is family %\ld n be a unit$ & happy "o4 ,to a consid]able ext5t x is s4 ,x is true we d n all ?9k alike on e subject1 & "s ( ^! subjects are ( va/ importance1 & intimately connect$ ) our prosp]ity & happ9ess4 ,we ne$ to und]/& ea* o!r bett]1 & to ?is end !re %\ld be m intimacy1 & a frequ5t & free int]*ange ( views2--n = /rife & debate1 b = mutual edification & enlight5m5t4 ,!re 0 probably nev] a family ( bro!rs1 h[ev] /rong _! love = ea* o!r1 ^: views ( dome/ic policy 7 exactly alike2 b !re ne$ be no lack ( frat]nal confid5ce & h>mony = all t4 ,!re are c]ta9 great fundam5tal pr9ciples :i* und]lie e ?+ else1 & =m ! basis ( ! family compact4 ,^! pr9ciples are filial rev]5ce1 frat]nal affection1 love = home1 & a wat*ful jeal\sy ( aught t c 9 ! lea/ int]f]e ) ! happ9ess or reputation ( _! belov$ family circle4 ,fall+ back ^u ^! pr9ciples to pres]ve good-w & h>mony1 !y are n 9 ! lea/ afraid to discuss ^? topics on :i* !re is an hone/ diff]5ce ( op9ion2 on ! contr>y1 !y take pleasure 9 do+ s1 = ! result is a /r5g!n+ ( ! ties :i* b9d !m to ea* o!r1 & a modification & p>tial bl5d+ ( op9ions t seem$ antagoni/ic4 ,?us x %\ld be 9 our great political & religi\s bro!rhood4 ,! ,nor? & ,s\? h ea* _! peculi> views ( :at p]ta9s to _! own int]e/s1 & ! int]e/s ( ! great family ( ! ,republic4 ,b d n let u /& at a di/ance & look at ea* o!r ) an eye ( jeal\sy because ( ^! diff]5ces4 ,surely we c meet z fell[-citiz5s1 & discuss matt]s ( common int]e/1 & ! int]e/s ( common humanity1 )\t los+ our temp] or eng5d]+ any ill feel+ or family discord4 ,x is affirm$ by "s1 t !re are c]ta9 subjects1 at lea/ "o1 ( s peculi> & delicate a nature z to =bid discussion1 le/ ! result %\ld be he>t-burn+s1 ali5ation1 & p]haps disunion 9 our happy frat]nity4 ,i _c = a mom5t admit ! s5tim5t4 ,x is an ung5]\s reflection ^u ! c\rtesy1 ,*ri/ian c&or1 piety1 & good-s5se1 bo? ( ! ,nor? & ,s\?4 ,i hold t good citiz5s & good ,*ri/ians c1 if !y w1 discuss any subject )\t giv+ ! lea/ occasion = (f5ce1 or endang]+ t compact :i* s happily b9ds u toge!r4 ,z x is 9 ! family circle1 !re are c]ta9 great pr9ciples mo/ de> to u all1 on :i* we c fall back1 & :i*1 if we are true to ourselves & to !m1 w prove effici5t safegu>ds to our temp] & good-fell[%ip4 ,! fir/ ( ^! is ,patriotism4 ,we h a common c\ntry1 & we love x1 & we love ea* o!r = our c\ntry's sake4 ,we are *ildr5 ( a common "m1 ^: k9d arms h encircl$ u1 & ^: bosom has n\ri%$ u b\nte\sly & ) imp>tiality1 & ,god =bid1 t1 z wayw>d1 ungrateful *ildr51 we %\ld wr+ h] mat]nal he>t ) angui% by our unfrat]nal conduct t[>d ea* o!r4 ,we %all n d x1--ei!r at ! ,nor? or at ! ,s\?4 ,we are true patriots1 & 9 our v diff]5ces1 love ( c\ntry comes 9 z an important elem5t to %ape & modify our op9ions2 & :ile we may be adopt+ diff]5t !ories1 we are consci5ti\sly seek+ ! same end1 namely1 ! greate/ good ( our belov$ c\ntry4 ,! second is piety4 ,we love our c\ntry well1 b we love our ,savi\r m1 & = 8 sake we w love & treat ea* o!r z bre?r51 & n fall out by ! way because we may n see ?r\gh ! same optic-glasses4 ,we w *e]fully he> :at ea* has to say on :atev] p]ta9s to ,*ri/ian morals & practice4 ,!re are ?\s&s ( s9c]e1 w>m-he>t$ ,*ri/ians1 ^: love to ,*ri/ raises !m immeasurably above sectionalism & prejudice1 & :o daily inquire1 :at is tru?8 & :at is duty8 & !y ent]ta9 t *>ity :i* suff]e? long & is k9d2 is n easily provok$1 ?9ke? no evil1 rejoice? n 9 iniquity1 b rejoice? 9 ! tru?2 be>e? all ?+s1 believe? all ?+s1 hope? all ?+s1 endure? all ?+s2 & nev] faile?4 ,:5 ?is love is 9 ex]cise1 ,*ri/ian bre?r5 may op5 _! he>ts freely to ea* o!r on any subject1 :e!r x be = doctr9e1 or repro(1 or = in/ruction 9 righte\sness4 ,:atev] may be true ( o!rs1 ,i hope t y & ,i w be able to demon/rate to ! _w1 t1 al?\gh "o ( u lives at ! ,nor? & ! o!r at ! ,s\?1 yet we c communicate ) ea* o!r unres]v$ly on an almo/ int]dict$ topic1 ) mutual k9d feel+s1 if n to edification4 ,respectfully & frat]nally1 ,y\rs1 c4 ,,lett] ,,ii4 ,a ,,difficult ,,& ,,delicate ,,subject ,,propos$4--,,agitation ,,( ,,x ,,unavoidable4--,,*ri/ians ,,nor? ,,& ,,s\? ,,%\ld ,,give ,,! ,,discussion ,,( ,,x ,a ,,"r ,,direction4--,,we ,,are ,,all ,,int]e/$ ,,9 ,,! ,,issue4--,,nor!rn ,,disclaim]s4 ,,my ,,de> ,,*ri/ian ,,bro!r1--,9 my la/ ,i intimat$ t ,i hop$ y & ,i1 by our correspond5ce1 w\ld be able to furni% ! _w a practical illu/ration ( good-nature & k9d feel+ 9 ! discussion ( a subject t has be5 a fruitful s\rce ( tr\ble & un*ri/ian invective4 ,y h already anticipat$ my !me--x is ,,dome/ic ,,slav]y4 ,x mu/ be confess$ t ?is is ! mo/ difficult & delicate ( all topics to be agitat$ by a ,nor!rn] & a ,s\!rn]1 & yet ,i h ! fulle/ confid5ce t nei!r ( u w give or take (f5ce4 ,i ne$ (f] y no apology = call+ y\r att5tion to ?is subject at ! pres5t "t4 ,n only is x a !me ( va/ importance 9 itself1 involv+1 ei!r directly or indirectly1 int]e/s mo/ de> to y & to me1 & to e "o :o has at he>t ! welf>e ( 8 c\ntry & 8 race1 b x is a subject t mu/ be discuss$1--!re is no avoid+ x1 h[ev] mu* y or ,i or o!r individuals may desire x4 ,x has come be=e ! public m9d 9 su* a mann] z p]emptorily to dem& ! att5tion ( e ,*ri/ian & e patriot4 ,:e!r we approve or deprecate ! peculi> causes t h made ?is topic s prom95t 9 our c\ntry1 bo? ,nor? & ,s\?1 we h to take ?+s z !y are1 & turn !m to ! be/ possible acc\nt4 ,politicians & demagogues are all discuss+ ,am]ican slav]y1 & w cont9ue to d s = ! purpose ( =w>d+ _! own favorite s*emes2 & any attempt to sil5ce !m w\ld be z futile z an ef=t to arre/ ! gulf-/ream 9 its c\rse4 ,x rema9s only = bre?r51 bo? at ! ,s\? & ,nor?1 to take up ! subject z we f9d x br\ght to our h&s 9 ! inscrutable provid5ce ( ,god1 &1 "u ! guidance ( 8 ,_s1 giv5 9 answ] to our pray]s1 take a truly ,*ri/ian view ( "s ( its lead+ features1 & !n inquire1 ,:at is duty8 ,i ?9k y w n claim1 ) "s ( y\r s\!rn fri5ds1 t slav]y is a subject ) :i* we at ! ,nor? h no?+ to d4 ,z patriots1 we h some?+ to d ) e ?+ t affects ! int]e/s ( our common c\ntry2 & z ,*ri/ians1 we su/a9 responsibilities :i* we _c %ake (f t[>d all our bre?r5 ( ! human family1 :e!r x be at ! ,nor? or ,s\?--:e!r !y be b\nd or free4 ,h we n all "o ,fa!r8 ,ha? n "o ,god creat$ u8 ,we are _m memb]s1 b "o body1 & :e!r "o memb] suff] all ! memb]s suff] ) x2 or "o memb] be honor$1 all ! memb]s rejoice ) x4 ,y\r c&or w n impute to me any unk9d or improp] motive 9 ent]+ ^u ?is discussion2 & y w p]mit me1 9 ! outset1 to ent] a few disclaim]s1 9 ord] t y may be ! bett] able to appreciate :at ,i h to say4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x is n my design to ?r[ d[n ! glove = ! purpose ( enli/+ y1 or any ( y\r fri5ds1 9 a controv]sy2 ?is w\ld be an unpleasant & pr(itless und]tak+4 ,nor is x to advocate ! doctr9e1 t su/a9+ ! legal relation ( ma/] to a slave = a long] or %ort] "t is 9 all possible cases s94 ,i w admit t !re may be circum/ances 9 :i* ! relation may subsi/ )\t any moral del9qu5cy :atev]2 z1 = in/ance1 p]sons may become slavehold]s 9 ! eye ( ! law )\t _! own cons5t1 z by heir%ip2 !y sometimes become s volunt>ily to befri5d a fell[-creature 9 di/ress1 to prev5t 8 be+ sold away f 8 wife & family2 p]sons sometimes pur*ase slaves = ! sole purpose ( emancipat+ !m4 ,9 ^!1 & o!r circum/ances :i* might be m5tion$1 no reasonable man ei!r ,nor? or ,s\? w\ld ev] ?9k ( pron\nc+ ! relation a s9ful "o4 ,nor is x my design to "q ! consci5ti\sness or piety ( all slavehold]s at ! ,s\?1 bo? among ! laity & cl]gy4 ,:oev] makes ! sweep+ ass]tion1 t no slavehold] c be a *ild ( ,god1 gives fe>ful evid5ce t he himself is defici5t 9 t *>ity :i* hope? all ?+s4 ,!re is an obvi\s di/9ction betwe5 ^? :o hold slaves = m]ely selfi% purposes & reg>d !m z *attels1 & ^? :o repudiate ?is sy/em1 & reg>d !m z m5 hav+ 9 common ) !mselves human rights1 & w\ld gladly emancipate !m 7 !re n legal ob/acles1 & c\ld !y d x consi/5tly ) _! welf>e1 temporal & et]nal4 ,nor is x my purpose to advocate imm$iate1 univ]sal1 unconditional emancipation )\t reg>d to circum/ances4 ,?is doctr9e is n held by ! great mass ( nor!rn ,*ri/ians4 ,!re are1 no d\bt1 "s cases :]e imm$iate emancipation w\ld inflict sad calamities1 bo? ^u ! slaves !mselves & ! community4 ,! op9ions ( nor!rn m5 h (t5 be5 misund]/ood & misrepres5t$ on ?is subject4 ,! gr\nd t calm1 reflect+ oppon5ts ( slav]y take1 is1 t slavehold]s %\ld at once cease 9 _! own m9ds to reg>d _! slaves z *attels to be b\ght & sold & work$ = m]e pr(it1 & t !y %\ld take imm$iate measures = ! full emancipation ( e "o1 z soon z may be consi/5t ) 8 greate/ good1 & t ( ! community 9 :i* he lives4 ,?is1 x is true1 is virtually imm$iate emancipation2 = x is at once giv+ up ! *attel pr9ciple1 & no long] reg>d+ s]vants z prop]ty to be b\ght & sold4 ,x is to act on ! ,*ri/ian pr9ciple ( imp>tial love1 do+ to !m & ) !m1 z1 9 a *ange ( circum/ances1 we w\ld h !m d to & ) u4 ,?is does imm$iately aboli%1 z x %\ld d1 ! ma9 ?+ 9 slav]y1 & br+s ^? :o are n[ bondm5 into ! common bro!rhood ( human be+s1 to be treat$1 n z *attels & brutes1 b on ,*ri/ian pr9ciples1 accord+ to ! exig5cies ( _! condition z ignorant1 degrad$1 & dep5d5t human be+s1 end[$1 h[ev]1 by _! ,creator ) c]ta9 inali5able rights1 among :i* are life1 lib]ty1 & ! pursuit ( happ9ess1 :i* rights %\ld be ackn[l$g$1 & ) ! lea/ possible delay be grant$4 ,nor is x my design to reproa* my s\!rn bre?r5 z be+ to blame = ! orig9 ( slav]y 9 ^! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,slav]y 0 introduc$ into ?is c\ntry by our fa!rs1 :o h long be5 sleep+ 9 _! graves1 & ! ,nor?1 if !y did n z ext5sively1 yet did z truly1 & 9 _m cases did z he>tily1 p>ticipate 9 x1 z ! ,s\?2 s t1 9 respect to ! orig9 ( ,am]ican slav]y1 we h n a ^w to say1 nor a /one to ca/4 ,& besides1 our "m c\ntry mu/ come 9 & %>e ) our fa!rs to no small ext5t 9 ! wrong ( introduc+ dome/ic slav]y to ^! colonies4 ,happily1 z we ?9k1 slav]y 0 virtually aboli%$ at ! ,nor? by our ance/ors ( a prec$+ g5]ation2 b = _! act we are entitl$ to no cr$it4 ,y\r ance/ors omitt$ to d ?is2 b = _! omission y are des]v+ ( no blame4 ,we w\ld nev] =get1 t slav]y 0 entail$ ^u our s\!rn bre?r51 & = ?is entailm5t !y are no m responsible ?an = ! blood t circulates 9 _! ve9s4 ,if y w be s k9d z to keep ^! disclaim]s 9 m9d1 ,i ?9k y w bett] und]/& & appreciate :at ,i %all h]eaft] say on ! subject4 ,) ! k9de/ wi%es = y & y\rs1 ,i rema91 9 ! be/ ( bonds1 ,,y\r ,,*ri/ian ,,bro!r4 ,,lett] ,,iii4 ,,! ,,real ,,subject4--,,n ,,to ,,be ,,conf\nd$ ,,) ,,anci5t ,,s]vitude4--,,nor ,,to ,,be ,,judg$ ,,( ,,by ,,isolat$ ,,cases4--,,nor!rn ,,m5 ,,compet5t ,,z ,,o!rs ,,to ,,det]m9e ,,its ,,true ,,"*4--,,slav]y ,,ignores ,,our ,,decl>ation ,,( ,,indep5d5ce4--,,is ,,inconsi/5t ,,) ,,our ,,con/itution4 ,,my ,,de> ,,fri5d ,,& ,,bro!r1--,i propose 9 ?is & subsequ5t lett]s to take a brief1 c&id view ( "s ( ! prom95t *>act]i/ics ( ,am]ican slav]y4 ,i speak ( s]vitude1 n z x exi/$ 9 patri>*al times1 = t is ess5tially a di/9ct matt]4 ,:ile x _h "s ?+s 9 common ) ,am]ican slav]y1 !re 0 s mu* t 0 dissimil> 9 ! relation ( ma/] & s]vant1 t analogy is 9 a great measure de/roy$4 ,nei!r d ,i speak ( slav]y z ,i saw x develop$ on y\r plantation1 & on ^? ( y\r imm$iate neighbors4 ,:5 ,i w5t to ! ,s\?1 ,i confess ,i w5t ) /rong prepossessions1 7prejudices if y *oose s to call !m17 aga9/ ! peculi> in/itution4 ,i reg>d$ x an evil1 & only an evil4 ,b :ile my g5]al views ( ! legitimate work+s ( ! sy/em rema9 un*ang$1 c&or compels me to admit1 t1 if all slaves 7 z well c>$ =1 z k9dly treat$1 z well in/ruct$1 & 7 !y all z cont5t$ & happy z y\rs2 &1 especially1 7 !re no evils incid5t to ! sy/em great] ?an ,i saw ) y1 ,i w\ld simply dive/ slav]y ( its odi\s "n1 & x w\ld virtually be slav]y no long]4 ,! plantations at ! ,s\? w\ld !n1 p]haps1 ) "s propriety he d5om9at$ communities ( intellig5t1 happy1 ,*ri/ian peasants4 ,& yet x is slav]y1 z x really takes away inali5able rights4 ,w\ld to ,god t slav]y z x exi/s ) y 7 a fair illu/ration ( ! sy/em4 ,b alas6 x is n4 ,p]haps y may say t x is impossible = a nor!rn man to speak ( slav]y s z to d ! subject ju/ice4 ,y may inde$ "k m & bett] ?an we d ab\t ! /ate & condition ( ! slaves4 ,b 9 "s respects1 :]e great pr9ciples are involv$1 we at ! ,nor? are m compet5t ?an y1 = our judgm5t is less liable to be bias$ by self-int]e/2 & 9 my rem>ks ,i %all conf9e myself *iefly to ^? po9ts on :i* a nor!rn man is at lea/ z well qualifi$ to speak z a slavehold]4 ,:at1 !n1 are "s ( ! prom95t *>act]i/ics ( ,am]ican slav]y z a sy/em8 ,,fir/1 ,slav]y ignores & repudiates ! f\ndation-/one on :i* re/s our r5[n$ ,decl>ation ( ,indep5d5ce4 ,t docum5t1 = m ?an ?ree f\r?s ( a c5tury1 has be5 ! boa/ & glory ( ,am]ica4 ,x is ! plat=m on :i* our noble ance/ors plant$ _! feet1 ) a consci\sness t !y /ood on ! et]nal pr9ciples ( tru? & ju/ice4 ,to ma9ta9 ^! pr9ciples1 rely+ on ,god = aid1 !y pl$g$ to ea* o!r _! lives1 _! =tunes1 & _! sacr$ honor4 ,our fa!rs knew t !y 7 "r1 &1 to c>ry out ! pr9ciples embodi$ 9 ?is ,decl>ation1 _m ( !m *e]fully p\r$ out _! he>t's blood to def5d ! unali5able rights ( humanity4 ,n[ let u turn our att5tion to ! f\ndation p>agraph ( ?is memorable ,decl>ation2--,i d n mean 9 t g5]al way 9 :i* x is (t5 read1 b m9utely & p>ticul>ly2--let u calmly look at x 9 its full import1 & n %r9k back & av]t our eyes on acc\nt ( a =ebod+ t we %all be l$ to conclusions :i* we w\ld be glad to avoid4 ,we hold ^! tru?s to be self-evid5t2--t all m5 are creat$ equal2 t !y are end[$ by _! ,creator ) c]ta9 unali5able rights2 t among ^! are life1 lib]ty1 & ! pursuit ( happ9ess4 ,^! significant words are inscrib$ ^u ! scroll ( our nation's hi/ory1 & !re !y w rema9 till "t %all be no long]4 ,!y ne$ no gloss>y or explanation4 ,he :o runs may read !m1 & he :o reads c und]/& !m4 ,! s5tim5t !y embody x is impossible to mi/ake2 x /&s out 9 bold relief1 l ! sun 9 ! heav5s4 ,x is1 t e man has receiv$1 f a high] ?an e>?ly p[]1 a *>t]1 :i* secures to him ! unali5able "r ( life1 lib]ty1 & ! pursuit ( happ9ess4 ,x is impossible = ! mo/ ultra advocate ( human rights to p>aphrase ^! words1 or give !m a r5d]+ s z to make !m support 8 dogmas m /rongly ?an !y n[ d4 ,on ! contr>y1 he w\ld only weak5 _! =ce by ! attempt4 ,n[1 my de> bro!r1 ,i w\ld c&idly1 s]i\sly ask y--,i w\ld ask all y\r s\!rn fri5ds--,i w\ld ask ev]ybody1 ,c ! s5tim5t ( t ,decl>ation be consi/5t ) ,am]ican slav]y8 ,are n slaves m58 ,d color & degradation *ange a creature ( ,god f a human be+ to a s\lless brute8 ,no2 our s\!rn bre?r5 w\ld z indignantly repudiate ?is infidel view z we at ! ,nor?4 ,n[ if a slave is a man1 he has receiv$ f 8 ,creator an unali5able "r to lib]ty if he *ooses to avail himself ( x1 or else ! fir/ pr9ciple laid d[n 9 our rev]$ ,decl>ation ( ,indep5d5ce1 s f> f be+ self evid5t1 is 9 fact untrue1 & ought at once to be tak5 f its honor$ position 9 ! ar*ives ( ^! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & consign$ to ! heaps ( rubbi% ( ! d>k ages4 ,b does ! slave enjoy ?is lib]ty8 or is x )9 8 rea*8 ,x w n be pret5d$4 ,! v "n by :i* 8 class is designat$ =bids x4 ,! t]m free slave is a solecism4 ,8 lib]ty consi/s 9 ! fre$om to d z he is told to d1 or suff] puni%m5t = 8 disob$i5ce1 & he c pursue happ9ess only 9 accordance ) ! w ( 8 ma/]4 ,!re is ! same incongruity betwe5 slav]y & t clause 9 our con/itution :i* /ipulates t no p]son %all be depriv$ ( life1 lib]ty1 or prop]ty1 )\t due process ( law4 ,n[1 my bro!r1 does x n require consid]able +5uity & special plead+ to avoid conclusions to :i* unbias$ common s5se w\ld arrive 9 an in/ant1 9 ! application ( ^! decl>$ rights to p]sons held z slaves8 ,i am n go+ to inflict ^u y a diss]tation1 or a s]ies ( syllogisms on ?is hackney$ subject1 b ,i beg t y & y\r fri5ds w calmly look aga9 at :at1 ,i d\bt n1 y h se5 be=e1--! palpable incongruity betwe5 ! sy/em ( hold+ p]sons p]petually 9 slav]y )\t _! cons5t1 & ^? decl>$1 self-evid5t1 heav5 be/[$1 unali5able rights pr(ess$ly secur$ to all m5 9 ^! ,unit$ ,/ates by our glori\s con/itution4 ,said t great /atesman & patriot1 ,h5ry ,clay3 ,we pres5t to ! _w ! sorry spectacle ( a nation t wor%ips ,slav]y z a h\sehold goddess1 aft] hav+ con/itut$ ,lib]ty ! presid+ div9ity ov] *ur* & /ate4 ,surely some?+ mu/ be out ( jo9t "h4 ,i h look$ aga9 & aga9 at ?is matt]1 ,i ?9k ) p]fect c&or1 & ,i h tri$ to ! utmo/ ( my ability to reconcile ^! app>5t inconsi/5cies1 b ,i _c d x4 ,c y8 ,believe me1 z ev]1 y\r s9c]e fri5d & ,,*ri/ian ,,bro!r4 ,,lett] ,,iv4 ,,slav]y ,,trans=ms ,,m5 ,,to ,,*attels4--,,s\!rn ,,laws4--,,slave-,,auctions4--,,m5 ,,plac$ ,,on ,a ,,level ,,) ,,brutes4--,,no ,,r$ress ,,= ,,wrongs4--,,ignorance ,,p]petuat$ ,,by ,,law4 ,,my ,,de> ,,*ri/ian ,,fri5d1--,a second *>act]i/ic ( ,am]ican slav]y is1 ,x reg>ds human be+s1 decl>$ to be 9 ! image ( ,god1 z *attels1--?+s or articles ( m]*&ise4 ,slaves1 say ! laws ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a & ,georgia1 %all be deem$1 sold1 tak51 reput$1 & adjudg$ 9 law to be *attels p]sonal 9 ! h&s ( _! own]s & possessors1 & _! executors1 adm9i/rators & assigns1 to all int5ts1 con/ructions1 & purposes :atsoev]4,d ,a slave1 says ! code ( ,l\isiana1 is "o :o is 9 ! p[] ( 8 ma/]1 to :om he belongs4 ,! ma/] may sell him1 dispose ( 8 p]son1 8 indu/ry1 & 8 labor2 he c d no?+1 possess no?+1 nor acquire any ?+1 b :at mu/ belong to 8 ma/]4,e ,?us1 rational1 immortal be+s1 *ildr5 ( our common ,fa!r 9 heav51 are tak5 f ! exalt$ scale 9 :i* ,god plac$ !m1 & degrad$ to t ( ! brute creation4 ,!y are1 z y "k1 adv]tis$1 mortgag$1 atta*$1 inh]it$1 leas$1 b\ght1 & sold l horses & cattle4 ,l !m !y are br\ght to ! auction block1 & l !m subject$ to a rigid exam9ation z to _! age1 & s\ndness ( w9d1 *e/1 & limb4 ,said a g5tleman to me3 ,:5 ,i 0 at----1 ,i visit$ ! slave m>t2 & z ,i saw "o & ano!r & ano!r ( my fell[-be+s br\ght =w>d to ! block1 & rudely expos$ & m9utely exam9$1 9 ord] to asc]ta9 _! m>ketable value 9 doll>s & c5ts1 & !n /ruck (f to ! highe/ bidd]1 amid ! gibes & je]s ( ! vulg>1 my he>t 0 nigh unto bur/+1 & ,i 0 oblig$ to turn away my eyes & weep1 exclaim+1 ,o ,god6 c x be6 ?y *ildr56 my bro!rs & si/]s ( humanity1--p]haps my fell[-heirs ( heav51--preci\s s\ls = :om ! ,savi\r di$1 ^: names may be writt5 9 ! ,book ( ,life1 & ov] ^: rep5tance angels may h rejoic$6 ,c x be8 ,= myself1 ,i nev] witness$ any su* sc5es1 & heav5 grant ,i nev] may4 ,x is en\gh1 & too mu* = me to "k1 t !y exi/4 ,i allude to !m 9 ?is connection1 n to awak5 & pa9 y\r s5sibilities1 b simply to illu/rate ! fact1 t ,am]ican slav]y sanctions !m1 & by its op]ation br+s d[n ! noble/ "w ( ,god to a level ( ! bea/s t p]i%4 ,z f> z x c d s1 x dehumanizes man1 & treats him z a ?+ )\t a s\l4 ,x may be rem>k$1 h[ev]1 9 pass+1 ,a man's a man1 = a' t4 ,i might speak 9 ?is connection ( ! ob/acles :i* are ?r[n 9 ! way ( ! slave's obta9+ r$ress = 8 wrongs %\ld he un=tunately get into ! h&s ( a cruel & unreasonable ma/]1 be+ =bidd5 to def5d himself1 & n all[$ ! te/imony ( 8 bre?r5 to be giv5 9 8 behalf2 b !re are o!r features ( ?is sy/em :i* m urg5tly dem& our att5tion4 ,nei!r w ,i dwell ^u ! ignorance & m5tal degradation :i* are an ess5tial "p ( ! sy/em4 ,y ne$ n be in=m$1 t1 9 t5 ,/ates1 k is kept f ! slave by legal enactm5ts1--t tea*+ him to read is reg>d$ a crime1 to be sev]ely puni%$ by ! judges4 ,i 0 happy to f9d t y & a great _m o!rs totally disreg>d t law1 &1 9 spite ( legislators & p5al /atutes1 y tea* y\r slaves to read1 & 9 "s cases to write4 ,= ?is crime1 ,i d\bt n b heav51 at lea/1 w =give y4 ,i %all allude to ?is latt] topic aga9 9 a future lett]4 ,mo/ truly & affectionately1 y\rs1 etc4 ,,lett] ,v4 ,,dome/ic ,,life4--,,! ,,m>riage ,,relation4--,,dome/ic ,,happ9ess ,a ,,relic ,,( ,,p>adise4--,,its ,,ende>m5ts4--,,its ,,value4--,,! ,,b>b>ism ,,( ,,invad+ ,,! ,,dome/ic ,,sanctu>y4--,,an ,,illu/ration4 ,,my ,,de> ,,bro!r1--,i come n[1 9 ! ?ird place1 to speak ( slav]y z x is relat$ to ! ende>m5ts & duties ( dome/ic life4 ,on ?is subject my he>t is full4 ,i am almo/ afraid to speak1 le/ ,i say :at ,i ought n2 & yet ,i _c keep sil5ce4 ,i c1 9 a good measure1 sympa?ize ) ,elihu :5 he said1-- ,= ,i am full ( words1 ,! _s )9 me do? con/ra9 me1 ,behold ,i am z w9e :i* ha? no v5t1 ,i am ready to bur/ l new bottles1 ,i w speak t ,i may brea! m freely1 ,i w op5 my lips & reply4,f ,we n[ approa* a topic m intimately connect$ ) ! pres5t & future happ9ess ( ! human race ?an almo/ any o!r4 ,man 0 n completely ble/1 ev5 9 ,ed51 until ,god in/itut$ ! m>riage relation4 ,8 ,creator gave him a companion to p>ticipate 9 8 joys1 b9d+ !m toge!r by ties :i* no human p[] might sund]4 ,p>adise 0 lo/ by s91 b z our fir/ p>5ts 7 exil$ !nce1 ,god 9 inf9ite k9dness p]mitt$ !m to take "o ( its pure/1 sweete/ s\rces ( joy ) !m to ?is _w ( sorr[s4 ,dome/ic happ9ess6 ?\ only bliss ,( ,p>adise t has surviv$ ! fall6 ,y1 my de> bro!r1 are a husb& & fa!r1 & c appreciate my mean+1 :5 ,i speak ( ! ri*ness1 ! t5d]ness1 ! dep?1 ( connubial & pat]nal love2 h[ x lights up ?is d>k _w ) smiles1--h[ x /imulates u to manly ex]tion1--h[ x light5s ! burd5s ( human life1 & enables u *e]fully to su/a9 its ills1 :ile x almo/ re/ores to u ,ed5 itself4 ,to und]/& :at is meant by ! t]m dome/ic happ9ess1 x is necess>y = y & me only to look at ! circles ar\nd our own firesides1 & li/5 to ! musical acc5ts ( ! lov$ ones :o dwell !re1 z !y pron\nce ! words husb&1 fa!r1 "m1 bro!r1 si/]1 & ex*ange ) !m k9d looks & ! affectionate embrace4 ,:at e>?ly joys c be comp>$ ) ^? ( home8 ,:at w\ld tempt u to "p ) !m8 ,all ! gold 9 ,cali=nia & ,au/ralia w\ld be spurn$ 9 contempt1 if (f]$ 9 ex*ange4 ,:at %\ld we say1 & :at %\ld we d1 7 any p[] on e>? to int]f]e ) our fireside delights1 & attempt to wre/ !m f u8 ,suppose ,provid5ce _h ca/ our lot "u a despotic gov]nm5t1 :i* we w suppose to be = ! mo/ "p k9d & pat]nal1 b hav+ ?is peculi>ity1--e n[ & !n1 f9d+ its f9ances emb>rass$1 x %\ld be 9 ! habit ( sell+ "s ( its subjects to a =eign p[] to /r5g!n its ex*equ]1 & %\ld arbitr>ily select its victims f ?is family & t2--h[ %\ld y feel 7 ! doom$ family y\r own8 ,:at w\ld h be5 y\r emotions ?is morn+1 _h "s "o come to y\r room & told y t t bright-ey$ boy1 ,willie1 :o la/ night sat ^u y\r knee & amus$ y ) 8 innoc5t prattle1 %[$ y 8 toys1 exam9$ y\r pockets1 play$ ) y\r hair & features1 & f9ally clasp$ 8 little arms ar\nd y\r neck & impress$ ! good-night kiss ^u y\r lips1 _h be5 seiz$ by an (fic]1 & sold f y\r sight =ev] to y "k n :om1 & to be c>ri$ y "k n :i!r8 ,nay1 m2--suppose t :ile he 0 yet speak+1 !re came also ano!r ) ! tid+s t ! same fate _h befall5 y\r fir/-born1--y\r daught]1 j budd+ into womanhood1--! affectionate1 joy\s1 light-he>t$ ,kate1 ^: voice to y\r e> is sweet] ?an ! music ( fl[+ wat]s1 ^: feet are swift] ?an ^? ( ! light gazelle1 z ) op5 arms %e b\nds to meet y on y\r return f a tempor>y abs5ce1 to welcome y home ) a te> ( joy 9 h] eye & a kiss ^u h] lips1--t %e too _h be5 by ! (ficials ( ! gov]nm5t cl&e/9ely abduct$ f y\r dwell+1 & sold1 lit]ally sold1 = a valuation put ^u h] p]son 9 doll>s & c5ts1 to a hopeless captivity1 to sp5d h] days 9 unrequit$ toil1 or1 n unlikely1 9 m9i/]+ to ! caprices & brutal passions ( a /rang]8 ,& :ile he 0 yet speak+1 & z y\r wife1 half frantic ) grief & t]ror1 0 entw9+ h] arms ar\nd y1 & y 7 /riv+ to ease y\r bur/+ he>t1 to cr[n ! :ole1 suppose ano!r (ficial & 8 posse _h ent]$ y\r ap>tm5t1 & by =ce ( arms _h torn h] f y\r embrace1 & ) ?ongs ^u h] h&s1 & a b&age ov] h] m\?1 hurri$ h] away to greet y\r sight no m8 ,:at a sc5e6 ,!re g 9 "o direction ! *ildr5 ( y\r body1 bone ( y\r bone1 & fle% ( y\r fle%1 to an unkn[n b fe>ful de/9y6 ,9 ano!r is ru?lessly borne ! object de>] to y ?an all ! _w beside1--"o :om y _h solemnly sworn to love1 *]i%1 & protect until dea?1--! light ( y\r dwell+1--! "m ( y\r *ildr51--! mutual %>] ( all y\r joys & sorr[s1--! ri*e/ & mo/ preci\s treasure heav5 ev] gave y6--!re %e goes 9 an agony ( wo1 to toil "u a burn+ sun1 compell$ to call ano!r man h] husb&1 or1 x may be1 to grace h] ma/]'s s]aglio6 ,m]ciful ,god6 :at meane? ?is8 ,:at horde ( b>b>ians f ! d>k corn]s ( ! e>? h f\nd _! way hi!r to lay wa/e all t is beautiful & lovely6 ,:at fi5d f ! pit has be5 let loose to ent] ?is little ,p>adise to de/roy & be> away all ! good t 0 left ( ! primitive ,ed56 ,no ru?less b& ( b>b>ians f b5ight$ l&s h f\nd _! way to ?is ,*ri/ian dome/ic sanctu>y1--no malignant _s f bel[ has be5 "h to snat* ! only type ( ,heav5 t escap$ 8 grasp six ?\s& ye>s ago4 ,?9k x n /range1 bro!r1 conc]n+ ?is fi]y trial z ?\gh "s /range ?+ _h happ5$ to y4 ,?is is only ! legitimate work+ ( ! patri>*al sy/em ( gov]nm5t "u :i* we live4 ,be calm1--?is is all done accord+ to law1 & ) z mu* k9dness z ! circum/ances w p]mit4 ,no /ripes are inflict$1 & no m =ce is ex]t$ ?an is absolutely necess>y to secure ! object1 & prev5t a useless outcry2 no ill-w is ent]ta9$ t[>d ! victims ( ^! outrages1--x is only because ! f9ances ( ! gov]nm5t are l[1 & mu/ be repl5i%$1 & ?is is ! mo/ conv5i5t1 & p]haps at pres5t ! only practical1 way ( rais+ ! money6 ,n[1 my bro!r1 :at %\ld y & ,i ?9k ( liv+ "u a gov]nm5t :]e su* ?+s 7 p]mitt$ by ! laws8 ,x w\ld n reconcile u to ! adm9i/ration to be told1 t su* proce$+s z ,i h suppos$ are ( r>e occurr5ce1 & t ! g5]al "* ( ! gov]nm5t is k9d1 t x dislikes exce$+ly to sell its subjects1 & especially t x has a great repugnance to sep>at+ husb&s & wives1 & break+ up ( families1 & does x only :5 sev]ely press$ by pecuni>y necessity4 ,to y\r & my m9d ?is w\ld be altoge!r unsatisfactory2 x w\ld n *ange our op9ion ( ! sy/em4 ,no matt] if ! he>t-r5d+ sc5e ,i h suppos$ 7 witness$ only once a ye>1 or once 9 t5 ye>s1--,i ?9k we %\ld l\dly prote/ aga9/ a sy/em :i* all[$ ! occurr5ce ( x at all4 ,y w please1 my de> sir1 apply ! =ego+ illu/ration to ! liabilities & actual work+s ( ! slave sy/em at ! ,s\?1 j s f> z x is applicable1 & no fur!r4 ,if !re are any po9ts 9 :i* ! analogy fails1 ,i w ?ank y to po9t !m out to me 9 y\r next4 ,) mu* love & e/eem1 ,i rema9 y\rs1 mo/ truly4 ,,lett] ,,vi4 ,,sacr$ness ,,( ,,! ,,m>riage ,,relation4--,,god ,,alone ,,c ,,dissolve ,,x4--,,! ,,high] ,,law4--,,slav]y ,,sanctions ,,polygamy ,,& ,,adult]y4--,,relation ,,( ,,p>5ts ,,to ,,_! ,,*ildr54--,,fe>ful ,,responsibility ,,assum$4 ,,my ,,de> ,,*ri/ian ,,bro!r1--,my objections to any sy/em ( gov]nm5t t int]f]es at w ) ! family relation1 & =cibly sep>ates husb&s & wives1 p>5ts & *ildr51 d n arise *iefly f ! p]sonal wrongs & bitt] woes inflict$ ^u its victims4 ,a contemplation ( ^! is calculat$ to affect our s5sibilities1 & excite ! t5d] sympa?ies ( our nature2 b !re is a m enl>g$ ,*ri/ian view :i* =ces itself ^u u4 ,if we c\ld by "s magic process allay ! angui% ( ! /rick5 he>t1 & heal its w\nds :5 ! /ronge/ ties ( nature are r5t asund]1--c\ld we ev5 oblit]ate ! susceptibilities ( ! s\l1 de/roy natural affection1 & r5d] man m call\s ?an ! brutes1 s t he c\ld be torn f 8 home & k9dr$ ) less pa9 ?an !y1--9 a moral po9t ( view ! case w\ld be alt]$ b little4 ,z ,i h rem>k$ 9 a previ\s lett]1 ! m>riage relation 0 in/itut$ by ,god1 & he made x indissoluble4 ,:at ,god ha? jo9$ toge!r let n man put asund]1 is ! language ( holy writ2 & :oev]1 = any cause :i* ,god himself has n specifi$1 breaks up ?is relation1 encroa*es ^u ,god's pr]ogative1 & goes directly 9 face ( 8 positive comm&s4 ,mu* has be5 said ( late1 s]i\sly1 s>ca/ically1 & contemptu\sly1 ab\t a high] law2 b not)/&+ ! improp] use (t5 made ( t t]m1 !re is an important s5se 9 :i* y1 & ,i1 & e ,*ri/ian recognize :at t t]m implies4 ,if1 on any subject :atev]1 human enactm5ts d obvi\sly conflict ) ! enactm5ts ( ,god1 !n ,god's law is ! high]1 & mu/ be obey$4 ,to d5y ?is is worse ?an infidelity4 ,n[1 bro!r1 does n ! sy/em ( slav]y 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates tol]ate1 & ev5 au?orize1 ! =cible r5d+ asund] ( ! m>riage tie8 ,are n husb&s1 n seldom1 b (t51 sold f _! wives1 & wives f _! husb&s1 & new matrimonial alliances =m$ by !m1 ) cons5t & enc\ragem5t ( _! ma/]s8 ,?us is flagrant adult]y sanction$ 9 ne>ly "o half ( ! ,/ates ( ?is ,*ri/ian ,republic1 & 9 "s cases ! crime is almo/1 if n q1 =c$ ^u ! wret*$ p]petrators ( x4 ,:5 ,god's law is disreg>d$1 & an ord9ance on :i* dep5ds all we hold de> 9 social & ,*ri/ian life is trampl$ 9 ! du/ by an in/itution exi/+ 9 ! mid/ ( u1 :at %all we say8 ,if slav]y 7 a "q m]ely ( exp$i5cy1 political economy1 or ev5 p]sonal wrong & suff]+1 x w\ld be easi] to keep sil5ce2 b :5 ,god is di%onor$1 & gross s9 sanction$ by law1 is x n ! duty ( 8 *ildr51 ,nor? & ,s\?1 to ent] _! solemn1 e>ne/1 decid$ prote/ations8 ,y w agree ) me1 t no ,*ri/ian c or ought to acquiesce 9 :at1 ei!r directly or indirectly1 violates a positive div9e precept2 & aga9/ :at %all he remon/rate1 if n aga9/ a sy/em t enc\rages polygamy & legalizes adult]y8,g ,!re is ano!r view 9 :i* ! op]ation ( ! sy/em ( slav]y2 9 break+ up families1 has affect$ my m9d p[]fully & pa9fully4 ,p>5ts su/a9 mo/ important relations to _! *ildr51 z well z to ea* o!r4 ,:o c be s mu* int]e/$ 9 ! temporal & et]nal well-be+ ( ! *ild z ^? by ^: in/rum5tality he _h 8 exi/5ce8 ,:o has s mu* influ5ce ov] him1 or :o c\ld direct 8 feet 9 ! way he %\ld g1 s well8 ,god has impos$ ^u all p>5ts mo/ important duties1 :i* !y may n neglect4 ,^! duties are z truly incumb5t on ! slave-p>5t z on ! ma/] :o su/a9s ! same relation4 ,x may be1 inde$1 ext5sively true t he does n und]/& !m1 & is 9 a great measure incompet5t to dis*>ge !m2 & t (t5 ! *ild suff]s no?+ morally or intellectually by be+ remov$ f 8 influ5ce4 ,b ?is results 9 a great measure f ! hopeless ignorance 9 :i* ! p>5t is involv$4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 z y c be> witness1 multitudes ( exceptions4 ,9 h[ _m cases are slave-p>5ts truly pi\s & intellig5t1 & feel z mu* solicitude = ! et]nal int]e/s ( _! *ildr51 z y d = y\rs1 & pray ) !m z frequ5tly & z f]v5tly4 ,) h[ mu* pleasure did y & ,i li/5 to y\r ,jamie1 "o "t :5 we 7 tak+ an ev5+ /roll pa/ 8 cab91 & ov]he>d 8 family pray]4 ,) :at simplicity & e>ne/ness did he p\r out 8 s\l to ,god = ! salvation ( 8 de> *ildr54 ,& d y n rememb]1 too1 h[ ) equal importunity he pray$ ,god to bless de> k9d ,massa & ,missus1 & d]e preci\s *ildr51 & also ,massa's fri5d1 & dat all may meet to praise ,jesus tog$d] 9 heav51 & h[ we f\nd x difficult to speak = a m9ute or two1 & h[ ! big te>-drops /ood 9 our eyes1 & we c\ldn't help x8 ,y told me !re 7 a great _m ,jamies at ! ,s\?1 & ,i h no d\bt ( x2 !y love _! little ones z well1 & :o s compet5t to tra9 !m up = ,*ri/8 ,:o w presume to /ep 9 betwe5 ^! p>5ts & _! *ildr5 & say1 ?is family alt> %all be brok5 d[n1 & ^? :o h b[$ ar\nd x %all be sep>at$1 to meet no m till !y meet at ! judgm5t8 ,:o w p]il 8 own s\l by tak+ ^? *ildr5 away f su* an influ5ce1 & = a pecuni>y consid]ation ca/ !m ^u ! wide _w ) none to in/ruct !m1 & none to c>e or pray = !m1 except _! he>t-brok5 p>5ts :om !y h left beh9d8 ,i w\ld n d x1 nei!r w\ld y1 = ! weal? ( ! _w2 & yet1 is x n (t5 done8 ,9 speak+ ( ?is subject1 "o ( ! mo/ em95t s\!rn div9es,h uses ! foll[+ language3 ,slav]y1 z x exi/s among u1 sets up betwe5 p>5ts & _! *ildr5 an au?ority high] ?an ! impulse ( nature & ! laws ( ,god2 breaks up ! au?ority ( ! fa!r ov] 8 own (fspr+1 & at pleasure sep>ates ! "m at a returnless di/ance f h] *ild1 ?us outrag+ all dec5cy & ju/ice4 ,i %all ref] to ! s5tim5ts ( ?is bro!r aga94 ,i rema9 z ev]1 ,affectionately y\rs1 etc4 ,,lett] ,,vii4 ,,! ,,cr[n+ ,,evil ,,( ,,slav]y4--,,preci\sness ,,( ,,! ,,bible4--,,our ,,*>t ,,& ,,compass ,,on ,,life',s ,,voyage ,,indisp5sable4--,,oral ,,in/ructions ,,insuffici5t4--,,dang]s4--,,%ipwreck ,,almo/ ,,inevitable4--,,)held ,,f ,,! ,,slave4--,,%uts ,,multitudes ,,out ,,( ,,heav54--,,am]ican ,,bible ,,society4--,,te/imony ,,( ,,g5]al ,,assembly4--,,( ,,synod ,,( ,,k5tucky4--,,( ,,dr4 ,,breck5ridge4 ,,my ,,de> ,,bro!r1--,!re is "o feature ( slav]y1 f\r?ly1 :i* gives me m pa9 by f> ?an any o!r1 & ,i may say m ?an all o!rs put toge!r1 & t is1 x imp]ils ! immortal s\ls ( millions ( our fell[-be+s by keep+ f !m ! ,^w ( ,god4 ,next to ! ,savi\r1 & ! ,holy ,_s1 ! mo/ preci\s gift ,god has be/[$ on man is ! ,bible4 ,?is volume conta9s our only p]fect rule ( life1 & is our only guide to heav54 ,x tea*es u our "* & our de/9y2 x alone raises ! curta9 betwe5 "t & et]nity1 & dissipates ! d>kness t o!rwise w\ld =ev] en%r\d ! grave2 x reveals to u ano!r /ate ( be+1 9 :i* we %all be happy or mis]able1 ages )\t end4 ,on ?is ,book alone d we dep5d = our k ( ! way ( salvation by ,*ri/4 ,x is "h we read ! /ory ( ! mang] & ! cross1 & ! wond]ful plan ( r$emption ?r\gh aton+ blood4 ,:at c\ld we d )\t ! ,bible8 ,x is ( inf9itely great] value ?an h\ses & l&s1 silv] & gold1 & e e>?ly good beside4 ,to take f u ! ,bible1 w\ld be l blott+ out ! sun 9 ! heav5s1 & envelop+ ! univ]se 9 ! gloom & d>kness ( et]nal night4 ,take f me ri*es1 honors1 pleasures1 com=ts1 & ev5 lib]ty itself2 & give me in/ead !re( pov]ty1 disgrace1 pa9s1 affliction1 hung]1 cold1 nak$ness1 & a dungeon2 te> me f my fri5ds1 b9d me ) *a9s1 sc\rge me ) ! la%1 br& my fle% ) hot irons1 deprive me ( e s\rce ( e>?ly good1 & inflict ^u me e k9d ( bodily & m5tal angui% :i* ! utmo/ ref9em5t ( cruelty c inv5t2--b give me my ,bible--leave me ?is preci\s treasure1 :i* is ! gift ( my heav5ly ,fa!r1 to tea* me 8 w & guide me to himself4 ,torture & de/roy my body1 if y w1 b ,o6 give me facilities = sav+ my s\l4 ,turn me n adrift on life's tr\bl$ ocean to seek alone a f> di/ant %ore1 expos$ cont9ually to /orms1 break]s1 hidd5 reefs1 :irlpools1 & %oals1 ) no?+ b a few v]bal in/ructions to direct my way4 ,if ,i am to make ?is fe>ful voyage1 7& make x ,i mu/17 take n f me my *>t & compass4 ,y\r v]bal directions ,i %all be likely to =get :5 ,i mo/ ne$ !m4 ,! pole/>1 :i* y tell me may be my guide1 is (t5 = a long "t conceal$ by imp5etrable cl\ds4 ,!re are fe>ful mael/roms1 ne> ! v]ge ( ^: deceptive & de/ructive circles my c\rse lies1 & ere ,i am aw>e ( x ,i %all h pass$ ! fatal l9e1 f :i* no voyag] returns4 ,betwe5 me & my desir$ hav5 !re is a hell-gate1 :]e are sunk5 rocks & conflict+ curr5ts1 & amid all ^! complicat$ dang]s my frail b>k w make %ipwreck1 )\t my *>t & compass4 ,depriv$ ( ^!1 ,i _c keep my reckon+1 ,i _c %ape my c\rse1 ,i _c f9d my hav54 ,i ne$ n tell y1 my de> bro!r1 t x is a "p ( ! slavehold+ policy to take f ?\s&s & millions ( immortal be+s 9 our nom9ally ,*ri/ian l&1 ?is preci\s *>t & compass1--! ,bible1 ! only safe guide to heav54 ,i h (t5 he>d y speak ( x1 & deplore x4 ,^? sev]e laws :i* =bid tea*+ ! slave to read1 d virtually take f him ! ,bible1--8 directory to ! ,new ,j]usalem4 ,y may1 inde$1 give him oral in/ruction1 & 9 _m in/ances1 no d\bt1 !y are bless$ to 8 conv]sion2 b h[ utt]ly inadequate are !y to 8 spiritual wants1 h[ imp]fect are !y at be/1 & 9 h[ _m ?\s&s ( cases are ev5 ^! entirely want+4 ,e enlight5$ & intellig5t ,*ri/ian kn[s1 f 8 own exp]i5ce1 h[ h>d x is to ent] ! /rait gate1 & to keep 9 ! n>r[ way1 & h[ ne$ful to him are all ! helps )9 8 rea*1 & !n he is b sc>cely sav$4 ,:at hope is !re1 !n1 = ! poor slave1 :o is depriv$1 n only ( mo/ ( ! ord9>y & extraord9>y means ( grace :i* we enjoy1 b is =bidd5 ! pr9t$ ,^w ( ,god8 ,is n a fe>ful responsibility incurr$ by ^? :o1 = any reason1 /& betwe5 ,god & 8 *ildr51 & int]cept ^? messages ( grace & m]cy :i* are conta9$ 9 ! ,holy ,scriptures8 ,t noble in/itution1 ! ,am]ican ,bible ,society1 is multiply+ copies ( ! sacr$ ,^w by ?\s&s & hundr$s ( ?\s&s1 & scatt]+ !m ov] ! l& & ! _w2 x hesitates n to ?ru/ !m into ! h&s ( ! foll[]s ( ! false prophet1--! delud$ foll[]s ( ! man ( s91--! disciples ( ,confucius & ,zoroa/]1--! wor%ipp]s ( ,jugg]naut & ,vi%noo1 & ! degrad$ inhabitants ( ! ,s\? ,seas & ,caffr>ia2--x b5evol5tly resolves to put a copy ( ! ,bible into ! dwell+ ( e :ite family 9 ^! ,unit$ ,/ates2 b x is oblig$ by law to pass by ! cab9 ( ! slave1 & leave m ?an ?ree millions ( immortal be+s to f9d ! road to heav5 ! be/ way !y c4 ,my bro!r1 ,i _c ?9k ( ^! ?+s )\t ! deepe/ grief1 & ,i "k t y fully sympa?ize ) me2 b x is "s consolation to believe t ! great mass ( evangelical ,*ri/ians take ! same views ( ! wrongs inflict$ ^u ! slave t we d1 = x is to ! ,*ri/ian s5tim5t ( ?is c\ntry t we mu/ look = ! removal ( !m4 ,our bre?r5 ( ! ,presbyt]ian *ur* h borne _! te/imony mo/ fully & po9t$ly aga9/ ! evils ( slav]y :i* we h be5 consid]+4 ,y d\btless recollect ! action ( ! ,g5]al ,assembly on ?is subject 9 #ahah4 ,a committee 0 appo9t$1 to :om 0 ref]r$ c]ta9 resolutions on ! subject ( sell+ a slave1--a memb] ( ! *ur*1--& :i* 0 direct$ to prep>e a report to be adopt$ by ! ,assembly1 express+ _! op9ion 9 g5]al on ! subject ( slav]y4 ,! report ( ?is committee 0 unanim\sly adopt$1 & ord]$ to be publi%$4 ,x is1 9 "p1 z foll[s3-- ,! ,g5]al ,assembly ( ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*1 hav+ tak5 into consid]ation ! subject ( slav]y1 ?9k prop] to make kn[n _! s5tim5ts ^u x to ! *ur*es4 ,we consid] ! volunt>y enslav+ ( ! "o "p ( ! human race by ano!r1 z a gross violation ( ! mo/ preci\s & sacr$ rights ( human nature2 z utt]ly inconsi/5t ) ! law ( ,god1 :i* requires u to love our neighbors z ourselves2 & z totally irreconcilable ) ! _s & pr9ciples ( ! gospel ( ,*ri/1 :i* enjo9s t all ?+s ':atsoev] ye w\ld t m5 %\ld d to y1 d ye ev5 s to !m4' ,slav]y creates a p>adox 9 ! moral sy/em2 x exhibits rational1 acc\ntable1 & immortal be+s 9 su* circum/ances z sc>cely to leave !m ! p[] ( moral action4 ,x exhibits !m z dep5d5t on ! w ( o!rs1 :e!r !y %all receive religi\s in/ruction2 :e!r !y %all "k & wor%ip ! true ,god2 :e!r !y %all enjoy ! ord9ances ( ! gospel2 :e!r !y %all p]=m ! duties & *]i% ! ende>m5ts ( husb&s & wives1 p>5ts & *ildr51 neighbors & fri5ds2 :e!r !y %all pres]ve _! *a/ity & purity1 or reg>d ! dictates ( ju/ice & humanity4 ,su* are "s ( ! consequ5ces ( slav]y1--consequ5ces1 n imag9>y1 b :i* connect !mselves ) its v exi/5ce4 ,! evils to :i* ! slave is always expos$ (t5 take place 9 fact1 & 9 _! v wor/ degree & =m1 & :]e all ( !m d n take place1 z we rejoice to say t 9 _m in/ances1 ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( ! pr9ciples ( humanity & religion on ! m9ds ( ma/]s1 !y d n1 /ill ! slave is depriv$ ( 8 natural "r1 degrad$ z a human be+1 & expos$ to ! dang] ( pass+ into ! h&s ( a ma/] :o may inflict ^u him all ! h>d%ips :i* inhumanity & av>ice may sugge/4 ,an ,address f ! ,synod ( ,k5tucky1 9 #ahce1 to ! ,presbyt]ians ( t ,/ate1 is mu* m specific 9 its del9eations ( ! evils ( slav]y1 & 9 its d5unciations ( ! sy/em1 & adopts language f> m sev]e ?an _m nor!rn ,*ri/ians w\ld ?9k x exp$i5t to use4 ,x pres5ts a picture ( its actual work+s :i* c\ld be drawn only by "o :o _h se5 ! orig9al4 ,if y h n read ?is address1 ,i beg t y w d s4 ,x is altoge!r a s\!rn docum5t4 ,i h room only = a %ort extract4 ,slav]y is *>act]iz$ z a demoraliz+ & cruel sy/em1 :i* x w\ld be an insult to ,god to imag9e t he does n abhor2 a sy/em :i* exhibits p[] )\t responsibility1 toil )\t recomp5se1 life )\t lib]ty1 law )\t ju/ice1 wrongs )\t r$ress1 infamy )\t crime1 puni%m5t )\t guilt1 & families )\t m>riage2 a sy/em :i* w n only make victims ( ! pres5t unhappy g5]ation1 inflict+ ^u !m ! degradation1 ! contempt1 ! lassitude1 & ! angui% ( hopeless oppression2 b :i* ev5 aims at transmitt+ ?is h]itage ( injury & woe to _! *ildr5 & _! *ildr5's *ildr51 d[n to _! late/ po/]ity4 ,c any ,*ri/ian contemplate1 )\t trembl+1 8 own ag5cy 9 ! p]petuation ( su* a sy/em8 ,co9cid5t ) ! judgm5t ( ^! two mo/ respectable & rev]$ ecclesia/ical bodies is ! te/imony ( "o ( ! mo/ prom95t & honor$ sons ( ! s\!rn *ur*1 ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,r4 ,l ,breck5ridge4 ,says he3-- ,:at !n is slav]y8 = ! "q relates to ! action ( c]ta9 pr9ciples ( x1 & to its probable & prop] results2 :at is slav]y z x exi/s among u8 ,we reply1 x is t condition en=c$ by ! laws ( "o half ( ! ,/ates ( ?is conf$]acy1 9 :i* "o portion ( ! community1 call$ ma/]s1 are all[$ su* p[] ov] ano!r portion call$ slaves1 z---- #a4 ,to deprive !m ( ! entire e>n+s ( _! own labor1 except s mu* z is necess>y to cont9ue labor itself by cont9u+ heal?ful exi/5ce3 ?us committ+ cle> robb]y4 #b4 ,to r$uce !m to ! necessity ( univ]sal concub9age1 by d5y+ to !m ! civil rights ( m>riage1 ?us break+ up ! de>e/ relations ( life1 & enc\rag+ univ]sal pro/itution4 #c4 ,to deprive !m ( ! means & opportunities ( moral & intellectual culture1 9 _m ,/ates mak+ x a high p5al (f5ce to tea* !m to read1 ?us p]petuat+ :atev] ( evil !re is t proce$s f ignorance4 #d4 ,to set up betwe5 p>5ts & _! *ildr5 an au?ority high] ?an ! impulse ( nature & ! laws ( ,god1 :i* breaks up ! au?ority ( ! fa!r ov] 8 own (fspr+1 & at pleasure sep>ates ! "m at a returnless di/ance f h] *ild1 ?us abrogat+ ! cle>e/ laws ( nature1 ?us outrag+ all dec5cy & ju/ice1 & degrad+ & oppress+ ?\s&s ^u ?\s&s ( be+s1 creat$ l !mselves 9 ! image ( ! mo/ high ,god6 ,?is is slav]y z x is daily exhibit$ 9 e slave ,/ate4 ,yes1 su* is ! nature & "* ( an in/itution 9 ?is enlight5$ ,*ri/ian republic1 claim+ to be ! free/ nation on e>?1 call+ itself an asylum = ! oppress$1 invit+ ! d[ntrodd5 subjects ( all ! despots ( ! old _w to come to ?is happy l&1 & place !mselves "u ! protection ( ! ,am]ican eagle1 & 9 ?is eyrie ( ! free ta/e & enjoy ! sweets ( lib]ty6 ,! views pres5t$ 9 ! above extracts may be tak51 x is to be presum$1 z an expon5t ( ! s\!rn ,*ri/ian s5tim5t on dome/ic slav]y4 ,!re are1 inde$1 exceptions4 ,x is pa9ful to notice t )9 a few ye>s "s m5 ( reput$ piety & wor? h be5 attempt+ to ma9ta9 t ,am]ican slav]y is a div9e & patri>*al in/itution1 sanction$ by ! ,bible1--is necess>y to ! highe/ /ate ( society1 & is to be p]petuat$2 b ,i am happy to believe t ! numb] ( ^? :o hold su* views1 repudiat+ ^? ( ! ,presbyt]ian *ur*1 & at ! same "t call !mselves disciples ( ,him :o said1 :atsoev] ye w\ld t m5 %\ld d to y1 d ye ev5 s to !m1 is comp>atively small4 ,i close ?is long lett] by subscrib+ myself1 z ev]1 ,y\r affectionate ,fri5d & ,bro!r4 ,,lett] ,,viii4 ,,?ree ,,que/ions ,,sugge/$4--#a4 ,,mu/ ,,slav]y ,,be ,,p]petual8--#b4 ,,does ,,! ,,*ur* ,,( ,,*ri/ ,,su/a9 ,,any ,,responsibility ,,9 ,,?is ,,matt]8--#c4 ,,:at ,,%all ,,we ,,d8 ,,my ,,de> ,,*ri/ian ,,fri5d1--,i fe> ,i %all make myself t$i\s to y by dwell+ s long ^u ?is1 to me1 pa9ful subject1--slav]y4 ,i w1 !re=e1 9 ! pres5t lett]1 f9i% :at ,i h to say = ! pres5t1 hop+ t our future correspond5ce may be on m grateful !mes4 ,!re are a few que/ions :i* are sugge/$ to u by ! brief view we h tak5 ( ?is mo/ important subject4 ,! fir/ is1 ,mu/ slav]y1 ) all its att5dant evils1 be p]petuat$8 ,mu/ ?is blot re/ ^u our belov$ c\ntry1 & t>ni% its escut*eon =ev]8 ,i am p]suad$ t ! spontane\s answ] f ! ,*ri/ian he>t ( ?is nation is1 ,no6 ,x 0 nev] contemplat$ by ,wa%+ton nor ,jeff]son nor ,adams1 nor by ! fram]s ( our ,con/itution1 nor by ! great mass ( noble patriots :o p]ill$ _! all = ! indep5d5ce ( _! c\ntry1 t slav]y 0 to be h&$ d[n to po/]ity4 ,if y w look at ! writ+s ( ! lead+ public m5 ( ! la/ c5tury1 y w f9d1 t1 almo/ )\t exception1 !y look$ ^u slav]y 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates z a tempor>y evil1 to be remov$ z soon z circum/ances w\ld p]mit4 ,!y reg>d$ x n only a wrong inflict$ ^u ! slave1 b an incubus ^u ! nation1 soon to pass away4 ,! great body ( ,*ri/ians 9 our l& h be5 look+ =w>d to ! "t1 & pray+ = its arrival1 :5 all ! oppress$ )9 our bord]s %all g free4 ,t ! "t w come :5 slav]y %all cease 9 our l&1 ,i z fully believe z ,i believe t !re is a ,god :o presides ov] & directs ! de/9ies ( m54 ,y & ,i may n live to see ! day2 b x w come4 ,ano!r "q sugge/$ is1 ,does ! *ur* ( ,*ri/ 9 ?is c\ntry su/a9 any responsibility 9 reg>d to slav]y1 & has %e any duty to dis*>ge 9 relation to x8 ,by ! *ur* ( ,*ri/1 ,i mean ! great mass ( ,*ri/ians ( e "n :o love ! ,"l ,jesus 9 s9c]ity1 bo? ,nor? & ,s\?4 ,?is "q is easily answ]$4 ,!re are no evils exi/+ 9 ! ,*ri/ian's field ( labor--! _w--9 reg>d to :i* he has n "s responsibility1 & = ! removal ( :i* he is n b\nd to d some?+4 ,z a g5]al tru?1 ! ne>] ! evils come to our own firesides & bosoms1 ! weighti] ^? responsibilities become4 ,! hundr$s ( millions ( hea!ns 9 =eign l&s ly+ 9 s9 & degradation appeal to our sympa?y & ef=ts1 & t appeal we may n disreg>d4 ,b ! hea!n 9 our own l& h on u mu* /rong] claims1 & our obligations to put =? ef=ts 9 _! behalf are m imp]i\s4 ,slav]y is a great evil & s91 :i* affects n only individuals1 b our c\ntry2 &1 bo? z ,*ri/ians & patriots1 we ought to be s5sibly alive to e ?+ t affects our common weal4 ,y :o live at ! ,s\?1 x may be1 h m responsibility 9 ?is matt] ?an we at ! ,nor?2 b none ( u c say1 because ,i am n p]sonally implicat$ 9 inflict+ wrongs ^u ! slave1 !re=e ,i h no?+ to d = _! removal4 ,%\ld ?is become ! univ]sal s5tim5t ( ! *ur*1 ,satan's k+dom 9 our _w w\ld nev] come to an end1 & wick$ness w\ld prevail =ev]4 ,! _s ( ,*ri/ianity1 al?\gh prem95tly mild1 g5tle1 pati5t1 & long-suff]+1 is nev]!less1 9 an important s5se1 aggressive4 ,x has ev] claim$ ! "r ( int]e/+ itself 9 ! welf>e ( e human creature--to ex]t its influ5ce to *eck ! progress ( s9 9 e =m--to attack error 9 pr9ciple & 9 practice--to loose ! b&s ( wick$ness1--undo heavy burd5s1--break e yoke1--deliv] ! poor & ne$y1--& to rememb] !m t are 9 bonds z b\nd ) !m4 ,?is1 by "s1 may be call$ (fici\sness1 b we _c help x2 x is a "p ( ! ,*ri/ian's legitimate bus9ess to volunte] 8 influ5ce & 8 s]vices 79 e prop] way7 9 oppos+ wrong1 & to /& up & plead ! cause ( ^? :o suff] x ! _w ov]4 ,he _c refra9 f do+ s1 )\t prov+ himself false to 8 ,ma/] & 8 ,ma/]'s cause4 ,admitt+1 !n1 t all ,*ri/ians h "s k9d ( responsibility & duty devolv+ on !m1 a mo/ important "q comes up4 ,?irdly1 :at %all !y d8 ,!re are c]ta9ly "s ?+s :i* x is p]fectly evid5t we %\ld n d1--?\gh we %\ld rebuke ?is & e s91 we %\ld n give v5t to our hatr$ ( ! sy/em 9 ebullitions ( wra?1 invective1 & abuse t[>d slavehold]s4 ,?us did n ,*ri/ nor 8 apo/les4 ,?is is n 9 accordance ) ! ,*ri/ian _s1 & c\ld be productive only ( evil4 ,nei!r %\ld we endeavor to ex]t an influ5ce ov] ! slaves to make !m re/ive & disob$i5t2 none b an enemy to ! true int]e/s1 bo? ( ! slave & 8 c\ntry1 w\ld d t1 unless "u "s halluc9ation4 ,nei!r %\ld we int]f]e politically ) slav]y beyond ! b\nd>ies ( our own ,/ate1 9 ,/ates :]e x n[ exi/s by ! laws ( ! l&4 ,i might g on indef9itely1 & specify :at we %\ld n d2 b ?is does n meet ! case2--:at %all we d8 ,x w\ld be arrogance 9 me to attempt a full answ] to a "q t has engag$ ! att5tion ( _m abl] heads & bett] he>ts ?an m9e1 b !re are "s ?+s :i* h already be5 said by o!rs1 t _c be too frequ5tly repeat$4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 we c commit ?is :ole matt] to ,god 9 humble1 e>ne/ pray]4 ,"h is some?+ :i* we c all d1 ,nor? & ,s\?1 & 9 :i* we %all all be agre$4 ,h[ev] mu* we may diff] 9 reg>d to ! safety & exp$i5cy ( o!r measures to mod]ate ! condition ( ! slave & br+ ab\t 8 ultimate emancipation1 we are ( "o m9d 9 reg>d to ! safety & efficacy ( pray]4 ,"o effect ( ?is w be to unite our own he>ts m closely 9 sympa?y & love4 ,!re w be no dang] ( call+ ea* o!r h>d names1 b&y+ un*ri/ian epi!ts1 & bit+ & dev\r+ "o ano!r1 if we are 9 ! habit ( meet+ daily at ! ?rone ( grace to pray = a cause 9 :i* we take a mutual int]e/4 ,by pray] we may hope to be enlight5$ m fully 9 reg>d to our duty4 ,if any man lack wisdom1 & surely we all d on ?is subject1 let him ask ( ,god4 ,9 answ] to pray]1 we h reason to hope t ,god w op5 ! eyes to tea* ! he>ts ( all slavehold]s1 & lead !m to d ju/ly & love m]cy1 & also t he w1 9 8 holy & wise ,provid5ce1 r$ress ! wrongs ( 8 oppress$ *ildr51 & prep>e ! way = _! ultimate emancipation4 ,pray] is ! ,*ri/ian's fir/ & la/ resort4 ,let u1 !n1 my de> bro!r1 pray ov] ?is subject cont9u\sly1 & ) an e>ne/ness comm5surate ) its importance1 & !n1 ,i d\bt n1 we %all ourselves be m enlight5$ ?an we n[ are z to our future c\rse4 ,a second duty1 h>dly less obvi\s ?an pray]1 is to use all ! influ5ce we possess to prev5t ! ext5sion ( ! doma9 ( slav]y4 ,to ?is end1 we %\ld utt] our voices long & l\d 9 remon/rance aga9/ any su* measure4 ,if we & our legislators may n politically int]f]e ) slav]y 9 ,/ates :]e x n[ exi/s1 we may int]f]e to prev5t x f ex]t+ its baleful influ5ce ov] t]ritory n[ free4 ,we %\ld d _m ?+s = ! sake ( peace & conciliation4 ,we h h]et(ore made concessions & compromises--p]haps too _m--on ?is subject2 b "h is :]e ! p ( ,god1 ,nor? & ,s\?1 %\ld make a /&1 & decl>e be=e heav5 & e>?1 & ) an emphasis :i* _c be misund]/ood1 t n ano!r in* ( our public doma9 %all be curs$ ) slav]y = any consid]ation :atev]1 if our influ5ce c prev5t x4 ,9 our remon/rances1 we w be respectful1 b firm4 ,let our politicians "k t all p]sons :o are gov]n$ by ,*ri/ian pr9ciple1 ?r\gh ! l5g? & bread? ( ! l&1 h tak5 _! position1 & t ! m\nta9s %all be remov$ out ( _! places1 ere !y w sw]ve f x1 & !re w be b little dang] ( slave ext5sion4 ,9 ! ?ird place1 we %\ld use e endeavor to dissem9ate ! gospel ( ,*ri/1 & br+ its pr9ciples to be> ^u all classes ( p]sons1 ,nor? & ,s\?4 ,if we c d ?is effectually1 x is all suffici5t4 ,! ,gospel1 if fai?fully appli$1 is a sure rem$y = e social & moral evil t ev] exi/$4 ,we at ! ,nor? %\ld demon/rate to our slave-hold+ fri5ds :om we wi% to influ5ce1 t we ourselves are gov]n$ by its _s1 & actuat$ by its pr9ciple1 9 all t we d 9 relation to ?is subject4 ,x is n ambition1 a lu/ = p[]1 sectional jeal\sy1 a _s ( c5sori\sness or ill-w1 t prompts u to :at !y h be5 9 ! habit ( reg>d+ z int]m$dl+ ) _! affairs1 9 :i* we h no conc]n1 b a _s ( love1--love n less to !m ?an to _! slaves4 ,& !n1 9 ! temp] ( ,*ri/1 we w br+ ! ,gospel to be> on ! slavehold]'s consci5ce & s5se ( ju/ice4 ,we w hold up & keep be=e 8 m9d ! great rule ( life giv5 by ,him :o spake z nev] man spake1--,:atsoev] ye w\ld t m5 %\ld d to y1 d y ev5 s to !m4 ,let ?is rule be once adopt$ & c>ri$ out1 & x is en\gh4 ,human be+s w\ld no m be sold z bea/s 9 ! m>ket1 & driv5 to unrequit$ toil2 ! m9ds ( m5 w\ld no long] be kept 9 ignorance2 ! dome/ic circle w\ld nev] aga9 be invad$ by ! h& ( sordid av>ice sep>at+ husb&s & wives1 p>5ts & *ildr51 do+ savage viol5ce to ! noble/ affections ( our nature2 ! ,bible w\ld be put into ! h&s ( e slave1 & he w\ld be taught to read x2 common s*ools & ,sabba? s*ools w\ld be ev]y:]e e/abli%$ & ma9ta9$1 z well = ! slave z = ! :ite *ild2 ! ma/] w\ld reg>d ^? :om he n[ holds z prop]ty z 8 own bre?r51 go+ ) him to ! same judgm5t1 & de/9$ f9ally to dwell ) him z 8 equals1 9 ! same heav51 & to we> z bright cr[ns & s+ z raptur\s a song z he4 ,he w\ld imm$iately set himself ab\t prep>+ 8 slaves = emancipation1 & = ! enjoym5t ( ^? natural rights1 ( :i* !y h = s long a "t be5 mo/ unju/ly depriv$4 ,9 %ort1 slav]y1 z ! t]m is n[ und]/ood1 w\ld cease in/antly1 & a k9d1 p>5tal gu>dian%ip w\ld take its place1 & e s\!rn plantation w\ld be trans=m$ into a moral g>d5 ( beauty & happ9ess1 & univ]sal & entire emancipation w\ld foll[ ) ! lea/ possible delay4 ,&1 f9ally1 we %\ld if possible br+ ! ,gospel to be> ^u ! great body politic1 ^u our presid5ts1 our gov]nors1 our ,national & ,/ate legislators4 ,x w\ld seem t "s ( our lawmak]s are mu* bett] acqua9t$ ) ,black/one & ,vattel1 ?an !y are ) ! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 or !y w\ld n disgrace our /atute-books ) laws :i* ignore ! high] laws ( ,god4 ,we %\ld (t5 rem9d !m t ?is is a ,*ri/ian1 & n a hea!n or infidel republic2 & t e enactm5t1 n consi/5t ) ! gospel ( ,*ri/ & inali5able human rights1 does viol5ce to ! ,*ri/ian s5tim5t & ,*ri/ian consci5ce ( ! nation1 & mu/ be repeal$4 ,if !y w n he> u1 we h only to appo9t m fai?ful s]vants1 :o w d z !y are told4 ,we h no idea ( unit+ *ur* & /ate1 b to infuse z mu* ( ! ,gospel into ! /ate z possible is bo? a privilege & duty2 & :5 all our affairs & in/itutions1 public1 dome/ic1 & private1 are adm9i/]$ on gospel pr9ciples1 we %all become a free1 prosp]\s1 & happy p1 & n till !n4 ,& n[1 may ,god bless y1 my de> bro!r1 & guide y1 & guide u all1 to pursue su* a c\rse 9 reg>d to ! ?ree & a half millions ( slaves 9 our pr(ess$ly free republic z w af=d u ! mo/ satisfaction :5 we meet !m z our equals at ! judgm5t-seat ( ,*ri/4 ,) high e/eem & mu* affection1 ,i rema9 y\r ,*ri/ian bro!r1 ,a4 ,c4 ,,baldw94 ,,an ,,essay1 ,,by ,,rev4 ,,timo?y ,,willi/on4 ,,is ,,am]ican ,,slav]y ,,an ,,in/itution ,,:i* ,,*ri/ianity ,,sanctions1 ,,& ,,w ,,p]petuate8 ,,&1 ,,9 ,,view ,,( ,,?is ,,subject1 ,,:at ,,ought ,,am]ican ,,*ri/ians ,,to ,,d1 ,,& ,,refra9 ,,f ,,do+8 ,homo sum2 humani nihil a me ali5um puto4--,,t]5ce4 ,be> ye "o ano!r's burd5s4--,,paul4 ,,essay4 ,a great moral "q is1 9 ?is n9ete5? c5tury1 be+ tri$ be=e ! *ur* ( ,*ri/1 & at ! b> ( public s5tim5t4 ,x is1 ,:e!r ! sy/em ( s]vitude kn[n z ,am]ican slav]y be a sy/em ^: p]petuity is compatible ) pure ,*ri/ianity8 ,:e!r1 ) ! ,bible 9 h] h&1 ! *ur* may lawfully indorse1 p>ticipate 91 & help p]petuate1 ?is sy/em8 ,or :e!r1 on ! o!r h&1 ! sy/em be1 9 its orig91 nature1 & work+s1 intr9sically evil2 a ?+ :i*1 if1 l concub9age & polygamy1 ,god has inde$ tol]at$ 9 8 *ur*1 he nev] approv$ (2 & :i*1 9 ! progress ( a pure ,*ri/ianity1 mu/ inevitably become ext9ct8 ,i feel assur$ t ! latt] ( ^! propositions w1 )\t argum5t1 comm& ! ass5t ( ! mass ( liv+ ,*ri/ians4 ,b !re are ^? 9 ! *ur* :o array !mselves on ! o!r side4 ,:ile !y w\ld n ju/ify ! lea/ inhumanity 9 ! treatm5t ( slaves1 !y pr(ess to believe t slav]y itself has ! approbation ( ,jehovah1 & may ) propriety be p]petuat$ 9 ! *ur* & ! _w4 ,at _! h&s ,i w\ld respectfully solicit a pati5t he>+1 :ile ,i proce$ to assign sev]al reasons = diff]+ ) !m 9 op9ion4 ,fir/4 ,slav]y is a condition ( society n f\nd$ 9 nature4 ,:5 ,god1 9 8 ,^w1 dem&s t *ildr5 %all be 9 subord9ation to _! p>5ts1 & citiz5s to ! con/itut$ civil au?orities1 we ne$ no :y & :]e=e to enable u to see ! reasonabl5ess ( ^! requirem5ts4 ,we feel t !y are no arbitr>y enactm5ts1 b indisp5sable to ! be/ int]e/s ( families & ( society1 & !re=e f\nd$ 9 nature4 ,we are prep>$1 too1 f _! obvi\s necessity & utility1 to rank !m among ! p]man5t /atutes ( ! ,div9e ,legislator4 ,b c z mu* be said ( slav]y8 ,is !re su* an obvi\s fitness & utility 9 "o man's be+1 aga9/ 8 w1 own$ & controll$ by ano!r1 z to prep>e u to say t su* an own]%ip is f\nd$ 9 ! v con/itution ( ?+s8 ,none w pret5d t !re is4 ,n only is slav]y n f\nd$ 9 nature1 b1 ,second4 ,x is condemn$ by ! v in/9cts ( our moral con/itution4 ,^! in/9cts seem to :isp] t all m5 are born free & equal2 equal1 n 9 intellect1 or 9 ! petty di/9ctions ( p>5tage1 prop]ty1 or p[]2 b hav+1 z ! creatures ( "o ,god1 an equal "r to life1 lib]ty1 & ! pursuit ( happ9ess4 ,job's moral in/9cts taught him1 t ! fact ( all m5's hav+ "o & ! same ,creator gave 8 s]vants a "r to cont5d ) him1 :5 wrong$2 & t1 if he despis$ _! cause1 he mu/ answ] x to 8 ,god & !irs4 ,t m5 ( all races & grades are ess5tially equal be=e ,god2 t e man has a "r to himself1 to ! fruits ( 8 toil1 & to ! unmole/$ pursuit ( happ9ess1 9 all lawful ways2 & h5ce1 t slav]y1 z exi/+ 9 ^! ,/ates1 is a gigantic sy/em ( evil & wrong1--are tru?s :i* ! moral s5se ( m5 is ev]y:]e proclaim+ ) mu* emphasis & di/9ctness4 ,if x be n s1 :at means ?is note ( remon/rance1 long & l\d1 t comes to our e>s ov] ! ,atlantic wave8 ,:y else did a ,mohamm$an pr9ce1,i 7to say no?+ ( :at ne>ly all ,*ri/ian gov]nm5ts h done17 put an end to slav]y 9 8 dom9ions be=e he di$8 ,& h[ else %all we acc\nt = t moral e>?quake :i* has = ye>s be5 rock+ ?is great republic to its v c5tre8 ,"o _c ?\ghtfully obs]ve ! signs ( ! times1--no1 nor ! work+s ( 8 own he>t1 me?9ks1--)\t p]ceiv+ t slav]y is at w> ) ! moral s5se ( mank9d4 ,if !re be any consci5ce t approves1 x mu/ be a consci5ce p]v]t$ by wrong in/ruction1 or by a vici\s practice4 ,& c t be a good in/itution1 & wor?y ( p]petuity1 :i* an unp]v]t$ consci5ce in/9ctively condemns8 ,?ird4 ,! bad "* ( slav]y becomes yet m app>5t1 if we consid] ! mann] 9 :i* x has *iefly orig9at$ & be5 su/a9$4 ,did ,god in/itute ! relation ( ma/] & slave1 z he did ! conjugal & p>5tal relations8 ,x is n pret5d$4 ,9 :at1 !n1 did slav]y h its beg9n+8 ,d\btless ! fir/ slaves 7 captives1 tak5 9 w>4 ,9 primitive ages1 ! victors 9 w> 7 consid]$ z hav+ a "r to d :at !y pleas$ ) _! captives2 & s x sometimes happ5$ t !y 7 put to dea?1 & sometimes t !y 7 made to s]ve _! captors z bondm54 ,?us slav]y 0 at fir/ ! incid5tal result ( w>4 ,b z "t roll$ on1 ! love ( p[] & ( ga9 prompt$ m5 to make aggressions on _! weak] neighbors1 = ! v purpose ( enslav+ !m2 &1 ev5tually1 man-/eal+ & ! slave-trade became famili> facts 9 ! _w's hi/ory4 ,^u ^! has slav]y1 = c5turies pa/1 dep5d$ ma9ly = its cont9uance4 ,&1 al?\gh ^! fe$]s ( slav]y are n[ by ,*ri/ian nations br&$ z piracy & /rictly veto$1 !y are f> f be+ ext]m9at$4 ,inde$1 x seems to be well und]/ood1 t1 if all comm]ce 9 slaves1 =eign & dome/ic1 ceases1 slav]y itself mu/ soon become ext9ct4 ,n[ if man-/eal+ be an act :i* ! ,^w ( ,god & ! moral in/9cts ( m5 d mo/ po9t$ly condemn1--& ,i w attempt no demon/ration ( ?is "h1--:at %all we say ( t :i* is its legitimate (fspr+ & dep5dant8 ,f> be x f me to affirm1 t1 circum/anc$ z our s\!rn bre?r5 are1 x is j z crim9al = !m to hold slaves z x w\ld be to g n[ to ,africa & =cibly seize !m4 ,b1 9 ! _s ( love1 ,i w\ld ask my slave-hold+ bro!r1 ,c t be a ju/ifiable in/itution1 & des]v+ to be upheld1 :i* has s bad a p>5tage8 ,d m5 ga!r grapes ( ?orns8 ,:o c br+ a clean ?+ out ( an unclean8 ,f\r?4 ,!re are1 9 ! ,scriptures1 _m cle> indications t slav]y has n ! approbation ( ,god1 & h5ce has n ! /amp ( p]petuity ^u x4 ,"u ?is head1 let u notice sev]al di/9ct p>ticul>s4 #a4 ,_h ,god reg>d$ s]vitude z a good ?+1 he w\ld n1 9 au?oritatively pr$ict+ its exi/5ce1 h said1 ,curs$ be ,canaan2 a s]vant ( s]vants %all he be unto 8 bre?r54 ,:at ,god visits m5 ) z a curse _c be intr9sically good & b5eficial4 #b4 ,! judgm5ts ) :i* ,god visit$ ,egypt & h] pr\d mon>*1 = refus+ to emancipate ! ,israelites1 & = essay+ to recapture !m1 :5 let g1 & ! wages :i* he caus$ 8 p1 :5 releas$1 to receive = _! hi!rto unrequit$ tolls1 cle>ly ev9ce t he has no complac5cy 9 compulsory1 unrew>d$ s]vitude4 #c4 ,! same ?+ is indicat$ by ! fact t ,god has1 by /atute1 provid$ expressly = ! protection & fre$om ( an escap$ slave2 b n = ! recov]y ( su* a fugitive by 8 ma/]4 ,?\ %alt n deliv] unto 8 ma/]1 ! s]vant :i* is escap$ f 8 ma/] unto !e3 he %all dwell ) !e1 ev5 among y 9 t place :i* he %all *oose4444 ,?\ %alt n oppress him4 ,n[ be x1 if y w1 t ?is /atute _h ref]5ce only to s]vants :o %\ld escape into ! l& ( ,israel f ,g5tile ma/]s2 does x n indicate a /rong bias1 9 ! m9d ( ,god1 to ! side ( fre$om1 r ?an t ( slav]y8 ,& does x n e/abli% ! po9t1 t1 9 ,god's e/imation1 "o man _c rightfully be deem$ ! prop]ty ( ano!r man8 ,7 x o!rwise1 w\ld n ! ,jew h be5 requir$ to re/ore a runaway to 8 pursu+ ma/]1 j z he 0 to re/ore any o!r lo/ ?+ :i* its own] %\ld come 9 se>* (8 ,or1 to say ! lea/1 w\ld n ! ,israelites h be5 all[$ to r$uce to s]vitude among !mselves ! escap$ slave ( a hea!n ma/]8 ,b h[ unlike all ?is are ! actual requirem5ts ( ! /atute4 ,god's p mu/ nei!r deliv] up ! fugitive nor enslave him !mselves2 b all[ him to dwell among !m z a ,,freeman1 j :]e x like? him be/4 ,&1 9 ?is connection1 h[ significant a fact is x1 t ! ,bible n[h]e emp[]s ! ma/] f :om a slave _h escap$ to pursue1 seize1 & drag back to bondage t escap$ slave4 #d4 ,t :i* con/itutes ! gr& f\nta9 ( slav]y1--! =cible1 /eal?y seizure ( a man1 = ! purpose ( hold+ or sell+ him z a slave1--01 "u ! ,mosaic disp5sation1 puni%able ) dea?2 & is1 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 nam$ 9 connection ) ! mo/ he9\s crimes4 ,he t /eale? a man1 & selle? him1 or if he be f\nd 9 8 h&1 he %all surely be put to dea?4 ,:at c\ld m =cibly exhibit ,god's disapprobation ( "o ( ! di/9ctive features ( slav]y1--compulsion8 ,:at m impressively %[ ! value t he puts ^u a man's p]sonal indep5d5ce1--8 "r to himself8 ,n[ if ,god doom$ t man to die a felon's dea? :o %\ld /eal & sell a fell[ man1 c x be t he w\ld hold him guiltless :o %\ld buy ! /ol5 man1 kn[+ him to h be5 /ol58 ,god's p 71 inde$1 all[$ to buy bondm5 & bondmaids ( ! /rang]s t dwelt among !m1 & ( ! surr\nd+ hea!n4 ,b 7 !y ev] all[$ to buy p]sons :om !y knew to h be5 unlawfully obta9$1 & (f]$ = sale 9 manife/ opposition to _! own wi%es8 ,if !y 7 n1--&1 f ! /atute j ref]r$ to1 x seems c]ta9 t !y 7 n1--does ,am]ican slav]y d]ive c\nt5ance f t :i* 0 tol]at$ 9 ! ,jewi% *ur* & nation8 ,true1 ! slaves n[ held z su* among u 7 n !mselves feloni\sly seiz$ on a =eign soil1 torn away f k9dr$1 homes1 & c\ntry1 & sold into hopeless bondage 9 a /range l&2 b _! sires & gr&sires 74 ,man-/eal+ is confess$ly ! /ock out ( :i* has sprung1 & gr[n to its pres5t dim5sions1 ! va/ & ov]%ad[+ ,upas ( ,am]ican slav]y2 & if ! ,bible br&s t /ock z pe/if]\s1 mu/ n ! entire tree p>take ( ! noxi\s influ5ce8 ,aga93 if1 z compet5t critics ass]t1 ! popul> s5se ( ! ^w r5d]$ m5-/eal]s1 9 #a ,tim4 i4 #aj1 be ^? :o deal 9 m5--lit]ally1 slave-trad]s1 !n traffick+ 9 slaves = m]c5>y ends is1 by ,paul1 rank$ among vices ! mo/ abom9able2 & ,am]ican slav]y is1 if possible1 m po9t$ly condemn$ by t passage ?an by ! /atute f\nd 9 ,ex4 xxi4 #af4 ,= :o does n "k t trad+ 9 ! p]sons ( m5 has ev] be51 & yet is1 a ma9 pill> 9 ! fabric ( slav]y8 ,inde$1 man-/eal+ & slave-trad+ are to slave-hold+ precisely :at ! bus9ess ( ! di/ill] & ( ! v5dor is to ! vice ( intemp]ance4 ,!re is1 9 ei!r case1 a trio ( associat$ evils2 & x is difficult to say :i* memb] ( ei!r trio is ! mo/ repulsive & h>mful4 ,if1 n[1 x be object$ to ?is argum5t f ! ,bible1 t ! ,mosaic in/itutes expressly recognize su* a ?+ z involunt>y s]vitude1 & prescribe rules = its regulation1 ,i answ]3 true1 b ! s]vitude ?us recogniz$ & regulat$ by /atute 0 ( a f> mild] type ?an t :i* is legaliz$ 9 ^! ,am]ican ,/ates4 ,=1 #a4 ,x all[$ ! bondman a l>ge am\nt ( leisure1 or "t :i* he ne$ n devote to 8 ma/]'s s]vice2 #b4 ,x made x possible = him to accumulate a consid]able am\nt ( prop]ty2 #c4 ,x plac$ him on a p]fect level ) 8 ma/]1 9 reg>d to religi\s privileges2 #d4 ,x gave him 8 fre$om :5ev] he %\ld be s *a/is$ z to result 9 p]man5t injury to 8 p]son3 ?us op]at+ z a p[]ful prev5tive ( inhumanity 9 *a/is+2 #e4 ,x respect$ ! sanctity ( ! conjugal & p>5tal relations1 :5 exi/+ among bondm51 & did n au?orize a compulsory sev]+ ( family ties2 #f4 ,x made no provision = ! sale ( a s]vant by 8 ,jewi% ma/]1 nor = any su* dome/ic comm]ce 9 ! p]sons ( m5 z is practis$ 9 ! s\!rn ,/ates ( ?is ,union2 #g4 ,x provid$ = ! p]iodical emancipation ( all t 7 9 bondage2 ?us aim+ a fatal bl[ at ! v exi/5ce ( s]vitude 9 ! ,hebrew commonweal?4 ,i may n1 consi/5tly ) ! necess>y brevity ( a tract design$ = popul> p]usal1 g into any demon/ration ( ! facts above ass]t$4 ,= pro( t !y are facts1 let my read]s /udi\sly exam9e ! ,mosaic books1 & ! ,rev4 ,a4 ,b>nes's ,inquiry into ! ,scriptural ,views ( ,slav]y4 ,i see n h[ any c&id & discrim9at+ inve/igator c help be+ conv9c$ t ! s]vitude :i* 0 tempor>ily tol]at$ 9 ! ,jewi% *ur*1 01 9 num]\s respects1 v unlike to t :i* exi/s among u1 & f> less repulsive4 ,b suppose1 = argum5t's sake1 x _h be5 j z repulsive a sy/em z ours1 w\ld ! fact ( its hav+ be5 tol]at$ "u ! ,jewi% economy prove x to be intr9sically good1 & wor?y ( be+ p]petuat$8 ,!n1 by p>ity ( reason+1 ! good m5 ( anci5t times might safely h conclud$ t c]ta9 o!r practices 7 good & w\ld endure1 :i* we "k 7 n good1 & 7 n to la/4 ,_h ! "q be5 prop\nd$ 9 ,abraham's or 9 ,david's day1 :e!r polygamy & concub9age 7 approv$ ( ,god1 & w\ld be p]petuat$ 9 ! *ur*1 x is probable t ev5 ! sa9ts ( ^? p]iods w\ld h respond$ affirmatively4 ,! fact t ,god _h s long all[$ 8 p to practise ^! ?+s unrebuk$1 might1 to !m1 h seem$ suffici5t pro( t ^! practices 7 intr9sically prop]1 & 7 to rank among ! p]man5t fixtures ( human society4 ,b 7 ,abraham & ,david n[ on ! e>?1 ) :at *ang$ feel+s w\ld !y reg>d ! ca/-(f sy/em ( concub9age & a plurality ( wives4 ,aga93 suppose ! conjecture _h be5 haz>d$1 ?ree ?\s& ye>s ago1 t woman1 f be+ a m5ial drudge1 or a m]e m$ium ( be/ial indulg5ce1 w\ld "o day occupy ! dignifi$ position to :i* ,*ri/ianity has actually lift$ h]1 w\ld n incr$ulity h lurk$ 9 e he>t1 & f\nd expression on e tongue8 ,n[ !re are pla9 indications1 n only 9 ! ,^w1 b ! provid5ces ( ,god1 t he nev] reg>d$ slav]y ) complac5cy1 any m ?an he did polygamy1 concub9age1 or ! s]fdom ( woman2 & t he nev] design$ its p]petuity4 ,scrut9iz+ t ,^w & ^? provid5ces1 "o ne$s no prophetic k5 to enable him to pr$ict ) c]ta9ty1 t1 :5 ,*ri/'s mill5nial reign is u%]$ 91 contrab& w be inscrib$ on slav]y1 z x already has be5 on "s o!r evils t 7 once tol]at$1 n only 9 society1 b 9 ! *ur* ( ,god4 ,b ,i %all be rem9d$ "h1 t1 :5 ! apo/les 7 dissem9at+ ,*ri/ianity 9 ! ,roman empire1 !re prevail$ ?r\gh\t t empire a sy/em ( slav]y m odi\s & oppressive ?an ours2 & yet t bo? slavehold]s & slaves 7 conv]t$ & admitt$ to ! *ur*1 )\t its affect+ ! relation ( ma/] & slave2 t ! ,new ,te/am5t in/ructs ! p>ties h[ to demean !mselves 9 t relation1 b n[h]e enjo9s emancipation on ! ma/]1 or enc\rages abscond+ or non-submission 9 ! slave2 9 %ort1 t x n[h]e expressly condemns slav]y1 or intimates t its ext]m9ation 0 to be expect$ or desir$4 ,9 reply to ?is1 ,i w\ld say1-- 7#a47 ,to inf]1 because ! ,new ,te/am5t enjo9s ob$i5ce on slaves1 & makes no direct attack on ! in/itution ( slav]y1 t x !re=e sanctions ! in/itution1 & w\ld h x p]petuat$1 is z mu* a non sequitur z to inf]1 because ,god enjo9s on m5 subjection to exi/+ civil au?orities1 :atev] may be _! "*1 t he z mu* approves ( a despotic z ( a con/itutional gov]nm5t1--( ! gov]nm5t ( ,f]d9& ( ,naples z ( t ( ,victoria ( ,engl&4 ,nor is x m difficult to compreh5d :y ,god has1 9 ! ,scriptures1 made no direct assault on slav]y1 ?an x is to see :y ,he has n directly assail$ gov]nm5tal despotisms1 or express$ any pref]5ce = "o =m ( gov]nm5t ov] ano!r4 ,an obvi\s & f>-see+ wisdom is disc]nible 9 ?is1 :i* x behooves u to admire1 & n unfrequ5tly to imitate4 ,_h ! apo/les or ! ,scriptures op5ly d5\nc$ all absolutism1 :e!r civil or dome/ic1 x w\ld h ar\s$ unnecess>y prejudice & opposition1 & div]t$ ! att5tion ( m5 f ! gr& object aim$ at 9 giv+ ! _w a writt5 & prea*$ gospel4 ,god deem$ x wis] to rea* ^! evils ?r\gh ! sl[ b sure progress ( c]ta9 great pr9ciples laid d[n 9 8 ,^w1 ?an ?r\gh ! m$ium ( specific prohibitions4 7#b47 ,! fact t ! apo/les receiv$ into ! *ur* conv]ts :o n only held slaves1 b held !m "u a slave-sy/em t 0 awfully despotic1 0 no indorsem5t on _! "p ( t odi\s sy/em1 nor ev5 ( ! slighte/ inhumanity on ! "p ( a ma/] t[>ds 8 slaves4 ,x does1 inde$1 prove t a man may be a ,*ri/ian1 )\t ceas+ to be a slavehold] 9 =m2 b n t a ma/] may indulge 9 all ! legal b>b>ities ( ! sy/em1 & yet be a ,*ri/ian4 ,m]ely to su/a9 ! relation ( a ,*ri/ian ma/] = ! good ( ! slave1 or f ! necessity ( ! case1 is "o ?+1 :ile to advocate & def5d ?is *attel sy/em1 & hold 9 bondage fell[ human be+s = p]sonal & selfi% ends1 is q ano!r ?+4 ,n[h]e d ! ,scriptures c\nt5ance1 or ev5 w9k at1 ! lea/ degree ( inhumanity or inju/ice 9 ! treatm5t ( s]vants4 ,s f> f ?is1 !y expressly enjo9 x on ma/]s to give unto _! s]vants t :i* is j & equal1 all ! law ( dis9t]e/$ love w\ld require2 accompany+ ! injunction ) ! significant h9t1 t !y !mselves h a ,ma/]1 & t ) him !re is no respect ( p]sons4 7#c47 ,?\gh ! ,scriptures d n directly assail ! sy/em ( slav]y1 !y indirectly & obvi\sly condemn x1 & t v abundantly4 ,slav]y is indirectly & yet /rongly rebuk$ 9 su* passages ( ,scripture z ! foll[+3 ,wo unto him t 444 use? 8 neighbor's s]vice )\t wages4 ,is n ?is ! fa/ t ,i h *os51 444 to undo ! heavy burd5s1 & to let ! oppress$ g free1 & t ye break e yoke8 ,:at do? ! ,"l require ( !e1 b to d ju/ly1 & to love m]cy8 444 ,h we n all "o ,fa!r8 ,ha? n "o ,god creat$ u8 444 ,& ha? made ( "o blood all nations ( m51 = to dwell on all ! face ( ! e>?2 444 t !y %\ld seek ! ,"l4 444 ,god is no respect] ( p]sons4 ,! p ( ! l& h us$ oppression1 444 !re=e h ,i p\r$ out m9e indignation ^u !m4 444 ,?\ %alt love ?y neighbor z ?yself4 ,!re=e1 all ?+s :atsoev] ye w\ld t m5 %\ld d to y1 d ye ev5 s to !m4 ,x ne$s no unusual acut5ess to see1 t1 7 ! _s ( ^! & k9dr$ passages 7= num]\s o!rs ( ! sort might h be5 cit$7 ev]y:]e act$ out1 slav]y w\ld z readily vani%1 z d ! iceb]gs ( ! ,nor?1 if p]*ance !y float away into mild] latitudes4 ,fif?4 ,to ! f\r reasons already assign$ = ?9k+ t slav]y has n ,god's approbation1 & ought n to be p]petuat$1 ,i w add b "o m1--its baleful effects4 7#a74 ,z x respects worldly ?rift1 or pecuni>y prosp]ity4 ,x is a fact1 t slav]y ex]ts a depress+ influ5ce on ! bus9ess welf>e ( any community :]e x prevails2 & t1 o!r ?+s be+ equal1 slavehold+ ,/ates c nev] compete ) free ones 9 ! item ( f9ancial prosp]ity4 ,a necess>y brevity =bids my po9t+ out ! causes ( ?is fact2 b my read]s w1 )\t my aid1 readily asc]ta9 :at !y are4 ,suffice x to say1 x has become a settl$ maxim ( political economy1 t !re exi/s an antagonism betwe5 slav]y & ! highe/ bus9ess prosp]ity ( any p t tol]ates x2 & ! s\!rn ,/ates ( ?is ,union furni% abundant confirmation ( its tru?4 7#b47 ,i w "n b "o o!r ?+1--its baneful influ5ce on "* & morals4 ,t slav]y t5ds to debase ! "* & morals ( ! slaves w sc>cely be que/ion$4 ,ap>t f ! ignorance naturally result+ f _! condition1 t condition p[]fully t5ds to r5d] !m s5sual1 indol5t1 artful1 m5daci\s1 /eal?ful1 & rev5geful4 ,b is ! bad moral t5d5cy ( ! in/itution limit$ to ! bondm58 ,ex]ts x no corrupt+ influ5ce on ! he>ts1 ! habits1 & morals ( ! ma/]s8 ,is x n its legitimate t5d5cy to fo/] 9 !m su* vices z indol5ce1 effem9acy1 lic5ti\sness1 covet\sness1 inhumanity1 haught9ess1 & a supreme reg>d = self8 ,( c\rse1 ,i d n affirm t x uni=mly produces ^! sad effects on ! "* ( ma/]s4 ,s f> f ?is1 !re may d\btless be f\nd slavehold]s1 :o1 9 all t adorns & ennobles human "*1 w comp>e favorably ) ! v be/ m5 at ! ,nor?4 ,i ?9k x w be conc$$1 h[ev]1 t ! legitimate t5d5cy is to evil1 & t ! effects ( slav]y on ! "* ( its su/a9]s are1 9 ! ma91 disa/r\s2 & t ! depreciat$ /ate ( morals prevail+ :]e slav]y exi/s is ma9ly attributable to ?is z its s\rce4 ,i ne$ n "h ent] into detail4 ,facts are too well kn[n to make ?is necess>y4 ,?us h we contemplat$ sev]al di/9ct reasons = believ+ t slav]y is no good ?+1--has n ! sanction ( ,jehovah1--& _c ) propriety be p]petuat$4 ,its contr>iety to nature1--its antagonism to ! moral s5se ( mank9d1--its disgraceful p>5tage & mann] ( support1--its condemnation by ! ,bible1--& its disa/r\s influ5ce on f9ancial prosp]ity1 on "*1 & on public morals1--all proclaim t slav]y1 s f> f be+ a good ?+1 is a trem5d\s curse2 yea1 m1 t x is a /up5d\s wrong2 & h5ce1 t x %\ld be tol]at$ 9 ! *ur* ( ,*ri/ no long] ?an ! be/ int]e/s ( all conc]n$ may r5d] necess>y = a safe t]m9ation4 ,b x may be1 aft] all1 t ,i h fail$ to secure ! ass5t ( "s ( my s\!rn bre?r5 to ! ju/ness ( ! =ego+ positions & inf]5ces4 ,x may be t !y /ill reg>d ! sy/em ( bondage prevail+ 9 _! mid/ z 9 ! ma9 b5eficial1 def5sible f ! ,bible1 &1 ) "s modifications p]haps1 wor?y ( p]petuity4 ,well1 bre?r51 suppose y d ?us reg>d x2 & = argum5t's sake suppose1 too1 t y may possibly be "r1--t slave-hold+ may be 9 itself ! h>mless ?+ :i* y deem x2 ought y n *e]fully to ab&on x1 9 ob$i5ce to a great ,bible pr9ciple1--t ( refra9+ f ?+s :i* are 9 !mselves lawful1 or :i* y\r consci5ce may n condemn1 out ( reg>d to ! consci5ce ( aggriev$ ,*ri/ian bre?r51 or to ! prejudices ( ^? ^: salvation y w\ld n ob/ruct8 ,y are aw>e1 bre?r51 t ?is magnanim\s pr9ciple ,paul bo? inculcat$ & exemplifi$4 ,y are also aw>e t a l>ge majority ( ! ,*ri/ians n[ liv+ reg>d y\r *]i%$ in/itution z unju/ifiable1 & at v>iance ) ! _s ( ,*ri/ianity2 &1 s reg>d+ x1 !y long = its ext9ction1 & are griev$ ) y = cleav+ to x s t5aci\sly1 & refus+ to conc]t measures = its ultimate ov]?r[4 ,inde$1 !y are m ?an griev$2 !y are pr(\ndly agitat$ by ! fre% developm5ts ( ! iniquit\s sy/em :i* y are help+ to uphold2 & !re seems no prospect1 :ile t sy/em endures1 ( _! becom+ tranquilliz$4 ,a tempe/ has sprung up & is rag+ 9 ! *ur* ( ,*ri/1--to say no?+ ( ! civiliz$ _w1--:i* seems n likely to cease till its cause be remov$2 & slav]y is t cause4 ,n[ ,i put x to y1 bre?r51 if "h be n an opportunity ( exemplify+1 on a broad scale1 ! self-d5y+ & noble pr9ciple :i* ,paul indicates 9 ! words1 ,all ?+s are lawful = me1 b all ?+s are n exp$i5t2 ,eat n = 8 sake t %ew$ x1 & = consci5ce' sake3 444 consci5ce1 ,i say1 n ?9e own1 b ( ! o!r2 ,?\gh ,i be free f all m51 yet h ,i made myself s]vant unto all1 t ,i might ga9 ! m4 ,h x1 if y w1 t ! bre?r5 = ^: sake y are ask$ to make ?is sacrifice are weak bre?r51 & _! consci5ces weak4 ,y\r obligation to make x is none ! less on t acc\nt2 = ! pr9ciple j adv]t$ to contemplates cases ( ?is v sort4 ,s9ce ! practice :i* grieves ^! weak bre?r5 is "o t y c probably ab&on )\t w\nd+ y\r own consci5ce1 are y at lib]ty to und]value _! consci5ce by p]si/+ 9 t :i* grieves !m8 ,b h[ mu* weighti] does ?is argum5t become1 :5 x is rememb]$ t ! oppos]s ( slav]y1 besides be+ exce$+ly num]\s1 h1 _m ( !m1 be5 em95t1--n m]ely = a consci5ti\s piety1 b = tal5t1 = rese>*1 = s*ol>%ip1 = broad & compreh5sive views ( ?+s2--& t ! li/ embraces di/+ui%$ s\!rn1 z well z nor!rn m52 & m5 ( celebrity 9 bo? *ur* & /ate4 ,!re h be5 f\nd 9 ! anti-slav]y ranks1 presid5ts & noble m51 juri/s & legislators1 /atesm5 & div9es1 s*ol>s & au?ors1 poets & orators4 ,&1 /ill fur!r to enhance ! dignity ( ! cause1 x %\ld be rememb]$ t sev]al ,g5]al ,assemblies ( ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur* ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 toge!r ) num]\s less] ecclesia/ical bodies1 h lift$ up _! voice 9 opposition to slav]y1 & proclaim$ sub/antially ! same views :i* ?is humble ,essay has aim$ to exhibit4 ,n[ if1 z we h se51 a def]5tial reg>d %\ld be _h to ! consci5ce ( aggriev$ ,*ri/ian bre?r51 ev5 :5 !y are few & feeble-m9d$1 h[ mu* m1 :5 ! aggriev$ ones are c\nt$ 9 hundr$s ( ?\s&s8 :5 !irs is an intellig5t piety & an enlight5$ consci5ce8 & :51 too1 _! remon/rance is back$ up by a public s5tim5t t is wellnigh unanim\s ?r\gh all *ri/5dom8 ,if n[1 9 spite ( all ^! consid]ations1 ,i /ill h read]s t say 9 _! he>ts1 slav]y mu/ be p]petuat$1 !y w p>don me = l+]+ no long] 9 ! hope ( *ang+ _! views4 ,i w\ld be indulg$1 h[ev]1 9 "o p>t+ int]rogation4 ,has x nev] occurr$ to y1 bre?r51 t y\rs is1 on "s acc\nts1 a v unfavorable /&-po9t f :i* to =m j & dis9t]e/$ views ( slav]y2 & t y\r v position z slave-hold]s1 & y\r long famili>ity ) ! sy/em & its evils1 may h bl9d$ y to ! magnitude ( ^? evils1 & to ! great desirabl5ess ( _! be+ remov$8 ,may x n be t long use1 & self-int]e/1 & ! love ( p[] & ease1 h conspir$ to w>p y\r judgm5t1 blunt y\r s5sibilities1 & cause y to view slav]y ?r\gh a deceptive m$ium8 ,hav+1 z ,i hope1 ! cordial ass5t ( ! great mass ( my read]s1 nor!rn & s\!rn1 to ! =ego+ argum5t aga9/ slav]y & its p]petuity1 we are n[ prep>$ to advance to ! la/ great division ( our subject1 & to inquire3 ,:at are ! duties1 positive & negative1 :i* ?is subject imposes on ,am]ican ,*ri/ians8 ,:at does x dem& t we1 z ,*ri/ians1 %\ld d1 & refra9 f do+8 ,?is "q subdivides itself ?us3 ,:at ought we nor!rn & pr(ess$ly anti-slav]y ,*ri/ians to d1 & n d8 ,&1 next1 ,:at duties1 positive & negative1 does ! "q devolve on pr(ess+ ,*ri/ians 9 ! slave-hold+ ,/ates8 ,i4 ,we are to consid] :at we1 ! nor!rn & av[$ly anti-slav]y section ( ! ,am]ican *ur*1 ought1 9 view ( ?is subject1 bo? to d1 & refra9 f do+4 ,9 reply to ! "q1 ,:at ought we to d8 ,i w\ld say1-- #a4 ,x is n only our "r1 b duty1 temp]ately & ) ,*ri/ian c\rtesy to cont9ue to discuss ?is great !me1 bo? orally & ) ! p52 & especially to endeavor to br+ ! tru? into contact ) ! m9d & he>t ( our s\!rn bre?r51--if1 p]adv5ture1 we may ?us p]suade !m soon to cease _! connection ) slav]y4 ,fre$om ( discussion is "o important safegu>d ( ! public weal2 & t mu/ be reg>d$ z a bad1 unt5able cause :i* w n be> ! te/ ( a full & free discussion be=e ! _w4 ,free inquiry1 too1 has n only prec$$ all great re=mations1 b has be5 an important in/rum5t 9 br++ !m ab\t4 ,t great moral *ange kn[n z ! temp]ance re=mation is b "o example among _m t might be adduc$4 ,if slav]y is ev] to be numb]$ 9 hi/ory among ! ?+s t are pa/1 x w be by hav+ ,bible light & tru? made to conv]ge ^u x1 ?r\gh ! l5s ( free public discussion4 ,h5ce1 believ+ z we d t ,am]ican slav]y is an enorm\s evil & a gigantic wrong1--a ?+ ) :i* ! *ur* %\ld cease to h connection z spe$ily z may be1--z ,*ri/ians we may1 we mu/1 employ our tongues & our p5s 9 behalf ( ! enslav$1 till our _w %all cease to conta9 su* a class ( m54 #b4 ,we ought s to ex]cise ! "r ( suffrage z to resi/ ! ext5sion ( slav]y beyond its pres5t limits4 ,i say no?+ "h ( ! political "q ( ,/ate rights1 or ( int]f]+ ) slav]y 9 ,/ates :]e x n[ exi/s4 ,! "q ( au?oriz+ by law ! ext5sion ( slav]y into new ,/ates & ,t]ritories1 or ( admitt+ new ,/ates ) pro-slav]y con/itutions1 is ano!r & v diff]5t ?+ f t ( di/urb+ ! compact 9 relation to slav]y ent]$ into by ! f\nd]s ( ?is republic4 ,! concessions 9 relation to ! slave int]e/ :i* our fa!rs made by no means oblige u to make fur!r concessions1 by cons5t+ t slav]y %all ov]/ep h] pres5t geographical limits4 ,i "k n :at o!rs may ?9k2 b1 = "o1 ,i feel con/ra9$1 by a s5se ( duty to ,god & my c\ntry1 s to vote z to h my votes tell aga9/ ! spread ( slav]y4 ,i mu/ c>ry my ,*ri/ian pr9ciples ( love & humanity to ! ballot-box1 z well z else:]e4 ,?\gh long id5tifi$ ) "o ( ! political p>ties1 ,i h ( late felt myself b\nd1 z a vot]1 to ignore ! anci5t p>ty l9es1 & ev5 to ignore all o!r que/ions1 comp>$ ) ! "o great & absorb+ "o1 ,%all slav]y be all[$ to h m t]ritory1 9 :i* to bre$ & exp& itself8 ,9 my delib]ate judgm5t1 all ,*ri/ian patriots %\ld1 s f> z _! votes c speak1 say to ! sy/em ( bondage exi/+ 9 our mid/1 ,hi!rto %alt ?\ come1 b no fur!r1 & "h %all ?y pr\d waves be /ay$4 ,?is becomes n[ a moral & a religi\s duty4 #c4 ,9 our visits to ! ?rone ( grace1 we ought1 ) m frequ5cy & f]vor1 to rememb] !m t are 9 bonds1 z b\nd ) !m4 ,assur$ t all he>ts & ev5ts are at ,god's disposal1 t he abhors oppression1 & t pray] is ! ,*ri/ian's mode ( tak+ hold ( ,god's /r5g?1 we mu/ make full pro( ( ?is z a weapon ) :i* to effect ! subv]sion ( slav]y4 ,x may be t importunate1 p]sev]+ pray] w effect m 9 behalf ( ! enslav$ ?an all o!r in/rum5talities4 ,x is1 at lea/1 q c]ta9 t o!r means w prove inefficaci\s1 if ?is be n sup]add$4 ,b ! "q we are consid]+ has a negative z well z positive side2 & we w next inquire1 :at we anti-slav]y ,*ri/ians ought to refra9 f do+4 #a4 ,we mu/ n1 9 our ef=ts to subv]t slav]y1 indulge 9 an un*ri/ian _s1 or 9 language adapt$ ne$lessly to ang] & ali5ate ^? :om x %\ld be our aim to w94 ,a cause t is intr9sically good may be advocat$ 9 a bad _s1 or ) improp] weapons2 & su* may h sometimes be5 ! case ) ours4 ,w\ld t all m5 _h ev] borne x 9 m9d1 t tru? & love are ! only weapons ) :i* to wage a successful conflict ) ?is or any o!r deep-seat$ moral evil4 #b4 ,we mu/ n1 9 our zeal = emancipation1 all[ m]e feel+ or b5evol5t impulses p>tially to de?rone reason2 & ?us disqualify ourselves = tak+ imp>tial views ( ! subject1 or = accurately discrim9at+ betwe5 tru? & error4 ,!re may h be5 m5 9 ! anti-slav]y ranks1 ) :om sympa?y 0 e ?+1 & reason--& ev5 ! ,bible--comp>atively no?+4 ,9 obey+ ! injunction to rememb] !m t are 9 bonds1 !y may h neglect$ to rememb] any ?+ else4 ,slav]y seem$ to occupy _! entire field ( vision4 ,h5ce1 n fully in=m$ 9 reg>d to ! actual condition ( ?+s at ! ,s\?1 !y h errone\sly suppos$ t ! slave codes prevail+ !re 7 ! /&>d by :i* to judge ( ! actual condition ( ! slaves1 & t all ! ,s\!rn *ur* 0 actually practis+ ! b>b>ities au?oriz$ by ^? codes4 ,z !re 0 no j appreciation ( ! actual conduct ( ma/]s t[>ds _! s]vants1 s !re 0 no all[ance made = ! circum/ances :i* conspir$ to r5d] !m ma/]s1 nor = ! ob/acles :i* /& 9 ! way ( _! ceas+ to be ma/]s4 ,x mu/ be admitt$1 t g5]ally1 :]e unrighte\s laws are suff]$ to exi/1 ! mass ( ! community w n be bett] ?an ! laws2 b !re are exceptions1--m5 :o int5d to give he$ to a high] law4 ,s mu* = all[+ an amiable b bl9d sympa?y to usurp t ?rone :i* reason & revelation 7 design$ conjo9tly to occupy4 ,x sc>cely ne$ be add$1 t ^! ultraisms h done mu* to prejudice ! anti-slav]y cause1 & br+ x1 9 ! eyes ( "s1 into unm]it$ contempt4 ,we mu/ wipe away t reproa*1 by s conduct+ our w>f>e ) slav]y z to ev9ce t we are nei!r m5 ( "o idea1 nor m5 ^: judgm5t is l$ captive by _! s5sibilities4 #c4 ,we mu/ n1 9 oppos+ slav]y1 indorse ! s5tim5t1 t "o _c 9 any conceivable circum/ances give cr$ible evid5ce ( piety1 & yet cont9ue 9 =m to hold slaves2 t be+ a ma/] is1 9 any & 9 all circum/ances1 a discipl9able (f5ce 9 ! *ur*2 or t x %\ld1 )\t exception1 con/itute a b>ri] to *ur*-memb]%ip1 or to ! communion ( sa9ts at ,*ri/'s sacram5tal bo>d4 ,:ile we believe t all ! great pr9ciples ( ,god's ,^w g to subv]t slav]y1 & :ile we are con/ra9$ to reg>d ! hold+ ( slaves z dim9i%+ ! evid5ce ( a man's piety1 & ?us f> ali5at+ 8 claims to a good /&+ 9 ! ,*ri/ian *ur*1 we may nev]!less make exceptions1 & n keep a man out ( ! *ur*1 or discipl9e him :5 9 x1 m]ely because he su/a9s tempor>ily ! relation ( ma/]1 n = selfi% ends1 b1 z 9 r>e cases1 = b5evol5t reasons4 ,b if a man def5ds ! sy/em1 & takes away f a fell[ man inali5able human rights1 !n we may & %\ld refuse him admission1 or subject him to discipl9e1 z ! case may be4 ,b1 obvi\s & important z is ?is di/9ction1 x is "o :i* "s anti-slav]y m5 may h fail$ to make2 & t failure may h prejudic$ or ret>d$ ! cause ( emancipation4 ,a good cause suff]s by hav+ a s+le unc&id /atem5t or unt5able argum5t advanc$ 9 its support2 & ! fri5ds ( ! enslav$ mu/ af=d _! oppon5ts no room = say+1 t _! reason+s are illogical or anti-scriptural4 #d4 ,we mu/ n1 9 seek+ ! ext9ction ( ,am]ican slav]y1 s insi/ on its imm$iate abolition z to repudiate ! responsibility :i* a ma/] owes to ?is dep5d5t & depress$ class ( 8 fell[ be+s2 b t t end be kept /eadily 9 view1 to be accompli%$ z spe$ily z is consi/5t ) ! be/ good ( ! p>ties conc]n$4 ,! imm$iate & total ext9ction ( s\!rn slav]y1 if n obvi\sly impossible1 is ( que/ionable exp$i5cy4 ,! upas ( ,am]ican slav]y has /ruck its roots s deep1 & %ot its bran*es s f>1 & s int]lac$ itself ) all surr\nd+ objects1 t1 to h x in/antane\sly & unres]v$ly uproot$1 might prove1 9 _m cases1 disa/r\s2 &1 at all ev5ts1 is n to be expect$4 ,to say no?+ ( o!r ob/acles to ! imm$iate abolition ( ,s\!rn slav]y1 ! highe/ good ( _m ( ! slaves makes x inexp$i5t4 ,"s1 probably _m ( !m1 ne$ to pass ?r\gh an educat+ process1--a k9d ( m5tal & moral appr5tice%ip1--9 ord] to _! pr(it+ l>gely by ! boon ( emancipation4,j ,,ii4 ,we are n[ to inquire1 la/ly1 :at duties1 positive & negative1 ?is great "q devolves on ^? ,*ri/ians among :om ,am]ican slav]y has its seat1 or :o are p]sonally id5tifi$ ) x4 ,hop+1 bre?r51 t ! s5tim5ts ?us f> advanc$ are y\r s5tim5ts1 ,i %all h y\r fur!r ass5t :5 ,i say1 #a4 ,t ! ext9ction1 at ! e>lie/ consi/5t date1 ( ! sy/em ( s]vitude exi/+ among y1 is a result at :i* y ought /eadily & /r5u\sly to aim4 ,&1 z y see1 we base ?is obligation ( y\rs1 n on ! assumption ( any s9fulness :i* y may su/a9 to slav]y1 b on ! ackn[l$g$ inju/ice & woes1 pa/1 pres5t1 & prospective1 ( ! sy/em z a sy/em1--its contr>iety1 z a sy/em1 to ! fundam5tal pr9ciples ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,did we reg>d y z necess>ily s9n]s1 if 9 any s5se y hold slaves1 !n ! lea/ we c\ld ask ( y w\ld be1 t ) contrition ( he>t y %\ld in/antane\sly cease to indulge 9 ?is s91 = all s9 %\ld be imm$iately ab&on$4 ,z x is1 we only ask1 t1 j z fa/ z y\r slaves c be prep>$ = fre$om1 & z ! provid5ce ( ,god may put x 9 y\r p[] to lib]ate !m1 y w d s4 ,we are n s unwise z to expect t ! "w ( ext9ction c be accompli%$ 9 a day4 ,we "k1 too1 t y are n1 9 y\r *ur* capacity1 ! con/itut$ arbit]s ( ! "q z a "q ( ,/ate policy4 ,&1 s long z y\r legislatures & _! con/itu5cies are resolv$ on ma9ta9+ ! sy/em1 p]haps y w be unable to effect z mu* z y desire 9 ! way ( promot+ its ov]?r[4 ,& yet1 bre?r51 !re is a way 9 :i* we ?9k y c1 ) entire safety & manife/ propriety1 contribute l>gely & directly to ! ext9ction ( ,am]ican slav]y4 ,w\ld ! entire ,s\!rn *ur* cease all p]sonal p>ticipation 9 slav]y1 & ?r[ h] :ole weight & influ5ce into ! scale ( slav]y's complete subv]sion1 t consummation dev\tly to be wi%$ w\ld soon ensue4 ,slave-hold+1 no long] practis$ or ju/ifi$ by ! *ur*1 b disc\nt5anc$1 c\ld n long reta9 its foo?old 9 ! ,/ate4 ,n[ if ?is be s1 our slavehold+ bre?r5 w confess t !y are imp]i\sly b\nd1 by motives ( ,*ri/ian duty1 to lib]ate _! bondm5 ) all consi/5t spe$4 ,meantime1 & z "o important means ( qualify+ !m = fre$om1 y ought1 #b4 ,to see to x t n only y\r own1 b all ! bondm5 among y1--y\r entire slave population1--are furni%$ ) ! ,bible1 & qualifi$ to read & compreh5d x2 & also ) /at$ prea*+4 ,!y ne$ a writt5 & prea*$ gospel1 7 x only to fit !m to ex*ange1 ) advantage1 a /ate ( vassalage = ! dignity ( freem52 = all exp]i5ce proves t ! ,bible & ! pulpit are ( all in/rum5ts ! be/ to qualify m5 safely to ex]cise ! "r ( self-gov]nm5t4 ,b !re is a s]vitude m dreadful by f> ?an any dome/ic bondage t m5 h ev] groan$ "u2 & y\r slaves ne$ ! ,bible1 & ! ,bible prea*$1 to prove ,god's in/rum5ts ( break+ ! *a9s impos$ by ,satan1 & mak+ !m ,*ri/'s freem54 ,be=e ,god & 9 prospect ( et]nity1 ! di/9ctions betwe5 ! ma/] & 8 slave dw9dle into insignificance4 ,hav+ s\ls t are alike impure & alike preci\s1 alike rememb]$ by a dy+ ,savi\r & alike 9 ne$ ( ! reg5]at+ *ange1 !y /& alike 9 ne$ ( ,god's ,^w1 writt5 & prea*$1 z ! ,_s's in/rum5t 9 r5ew+ & sanctify+ ! s\l4 ,h5ce ! ,bible & prea*+ are z mu* ! rightful inh]itance ( ! slave z ( ! ma/]4 ,we rejoice t ^! tru?s & ! obligations result+ !refrom are1 to "s ext5t1 recogniz$ by s\!rn ,*ri/ians2 & t1 9 spite ( c]ta9 adv]se /atutes1 s mu* is be+ done !re = ! spiritual well-be+ ( ! slaves4 ,g on1 bre?r51 9 ! good "w ( evangeliz+ y\r slave population2 9 tea*+ !m ! art ( read+ & ! rudim5ts ( k2 9 putt+ ! ,bible into _! h&s1 & af=d+ !m /at$ opportunities to read x1 & to he> x exp\nd$ by y & by ,*ri/'s m9i/]s4 ,g on1 we say1 till !re be n "o s\!rn slave1 :o1 9 po9t ( religi\s privileges1 is n on a foot+ ( equality ) y\rselves4 ,prosecut+ ?is laudable "w 9 ! _s ( love1 y w probably enc\nt] no s]i\s opposition4 ,! adv]se b dead /atutes ref]r$ to w n1 we hope1 be galvaniz$ into life1 9 ord] to oppose y4 ,x only rema9s t we "n a few ?+s1 :i* we tru/ our ,s\!rn bre?r5 w unite ) u 9 say+ t !y %\ld refra9 f do+4 7#a47 ,y ought n to1 & we tru/ y w n1 betray impati5ce & irritation1 :5ev] we ( ! ,nor? attempt to press ! claims ( ! enslav$ on y\r att5tion4 ,y\r do+ ?is1--z y sometimes h1--seems to indicate1 t1 9 y\r op9ion1 we ,nor!rn ,*ri/ians h no responsibility 9 reg>d to slav]y & its evils2 & t :5 we discuss ?is !me we make ourselves busybodies 9 o!r m5's matt]s4 ,to ! ju/ness ( ?is op9ion we _c subscribe4 ,:ile we disclaim all "r or int5tion to break our compact ) y z ,/ates1 we feel t ,am]ican slav]y is a "q ( too great mom5t to ourselves & to unborn g5]ations = u to h no conc]n ) or responsibility =2 & z patriots1 z philan?ropi/s1 z ,*ri/ians1 we are con/ra9$ to d all t we rightfully may = ! d[nfall ( ?is ho>y sy/em ( wrong & woe4 ,if any ( y diff] ) u 9 op9ion on ?is !me1 we tru/ y w all[ u to discuss x to our he>t's cont5t2 & t y w li/5 to our reason+s ) ,*ri/ian meekness & c&or4 ,n to d s w be con/ru$ z an evid5ce ( intr9sic weakness 9 y\r cause4 7#b47 ,y w freely admit1 we presume1 t c]ta9 practices are au?oriz$ by y\r slave laws1 9 :i* y mu/ n indulge ev5 s long z by any necessity y hold slaves4 ,y\r slave codes1 = example1 d n recognize ! sanctity ( family ties & ! dome/ic affections z exi/+ among slaves2 b1 z ,*ri/ian ma/]s1 y mu/4 ,y d\btless believe1 z d we1 t ! m>riage relation1 ) all its rights & immunities1 0 z mu* design$ = ! negro z = ! :ite man2 t he1 z truly z ! o!r1 is entitl$ to cleave unto 8 wife1 unexpos$ to ! dang] ( man's putt+ asund] :at ,god ha? s closely jo9$1 t !y are no m twa91 b "o fle%4 ,y believe1 too1 t ,god unit$ husb& & wife ?us indissolubly1 n simply t !y might be a help & solace to ea* o!r 9 ! toilsome pilgrimage ( life1 b t ! *ildr5 ) :i* ,god %\ld bless !m might gr[ up "u _! sup]vision1 & by !m be qualifi$ = a c>e] ( usefulness & honor4 ,?us y believe1 & believ+ ?us1 y w n1 we tru/1 c\nt]act ,god's b5evol5t designs1 by c\nt5anc+1 9 y\r own practice1 ! sep>ation ( husb&s & wives1 or ( p>5ts & _! (fspr+4 ,we feel assur$1 t1 :atev] y\r laws may all[1 or non-pr(ess+ ma/]s ar\nd y may d1 y w nev] ignore ! conjugal or p>5tal rights ( y\r s]vants1 or indulge 9 any ?+ adapt$ to m> _! dome/ic enjoym5t4 ,7 y to d s1 we confess we c\ld n ext5d to y ! "r h& ( fell[%ip z bre?r5 9 ,*ri/4 ,7 a *ur*-memb] ( ours to practise ?us1 we %\ld reg>d him z am5able to discipl9e4 ,we %\ld also reg>d x z discipl9able = a ma/] to ov]work1 or brutally *a/ise1 or b half fe$ & clo! 8 s]vants2 or to hold slaves = m]e purposes ( ga91 or to traffic 9 !m4 ,none ( ^! inhumanities c\ld we reconcile ) ! obligations ( a ,*ri/ian pr(ession2 & we confid5tly hope t 9 ^! views y w he>tily concur1 & t ) !m y\r practice w correspond4 ,*ri/ian bre?r5 ( ! ,nor? & ! ,s\?6 ,! "q we h be5 consid]+ is "o ( va/ mom5t4 ,^u ! "r disposition ( x are susp5d$1 "u ,god1 int]e/s ( immeasurable value1 & :i* /ret* f> out into ! unse5 future ( our c\ntry & ! _w4 ,com+ ages & unborn g5]ations are to be affect$2 favorably or o!rwise1 by ! decision ( ?is vex$ "q2 &1 bre?r51 unless ,i misjudge1 its "r decision is1 to a v great ext5t1 lodg$ 9 our h&s4 ,z decides ! ,am]ican *ur*1 s1 me?9ks1 w decide ! ,am]ican p4 ,& n[1--may ,i confess x8--,i h d>$ to hope t ! s5tim5ts ( ?is ,essay are n only s\nd1 b 9 unison ) ! views ( ! great mass ( ,am]ican ,*ri/ians4 ,are we n agre$ 9 ?is3 t ,am]ican slav]y is a sy/em ( deep inju/ice & wrong1 n sanction$ by ! ,^w or ! provid5ce ( ,god2 fraught ) incalculable mis*ief to ! int]e/s ( bo? ma/]s1 & slaves1 & to ! social & religi\s well-be+ ( our :ole c\ntry2 a blot on ! escut*eon bo? ( ! nation & ( ! *ur*2 a weapon = scepticism to wield1 & an ob/acle to ! introduction ( mill5nial glory2 & h5ce1 a sy/em :i* ought spe$ily to t]m9ate1 & :i* all good m5 %\ld unit$ly oppose & seek to subv]t8 ,if we are ?us agre$1 let u jo9 h&s z well z he>ts1 &1 sw]v+ nei!r to ! extreme ( passive indiff]5ce on ! "o h& nor to t ( erratic fanaticism on ! o!r1 9 ! maje/y ( pr9ciple let u move calmly onw>d1 a phalanx ( ,*ri/ian philan?ropi/s1 attempt+ naught b :at !y are assur$ ,god w\ld h !m attempt1 & employ+ only su* means z are w>rant$ by an enlight5$ consci5ce4 ,lean+ pray]fully on ,him :o he>s ! sigh+ ( ! oppress$1 let u pu% vigor\sly =w>d1 &1 ?\gh ! ye> ( jubilee has n yet fully come1 be assur$ x w come1--t pr\d day1 :5 n only ?r\gh\t all ! l&1 b ?r\gh\t ! civiliz$ _w1 lib]ty %all be proclaim$ unto all ! inhabitants !re(4 ,ha/5 its adv5t1 ,o ,?\ t he>e/ pray]1 & t delighte/ 9 m]cy6 ,am5 & ,am54 ,,footnotes3 ,a ,an ext5d$ passage conta9+ ! extract may be f\nd conv5i5tly 9 ,*amb]s' ,cyclopdia ( ,engli% ,lit]ature1 vol4 #b1 p4 #bdf4 ,b ,g5esis1 #aj? ,*apt]4 ,vide1 ,kitto's ,cyclopdia1 = views 9 ?is connection4 ,c ,col4 #d3a2 ,ye ma/]s1 give unto y\r s]vants t :i* is j & equal4 ,t is1 act t[>ds !m on ! pr9ciples ( ju/ice & equity4 ,ju/ice requires t all _! rights1 z m51 z husb&s1 & z p>5ts1 %\ld be reg>d$4 ,& ^! rights are n to be det]m9$ by ! civil law1 b by ! law ( ,god4444 ,b ,god conc$es no?+ to ! ma/] beyond :at ! law ( love all[s4 ,paul requires = s]vants n only :at is /rictly j1 b ,greek3 tn isotta4 ,:at is t8 ,lit]ally1 x is equality4 ,?is is n only its signification1 b its mean+4 ,s]vants are to be treat$ by _! ma/]s on ! pr9ciples ( equality4 ,n t !y are to be equal ) _! ma/]s 9 au?ority or /ation or circum/ances2 b t !y are to be treat$ z hav+1 z m51 z husb&s1 & z p>5ts1 equal rights ) _! ma/]s4 ,x is j z great a s9 to deprive a s]vant ( ! j recomp5se = 8 labor1 or to keep him 9 ignorance1 or to take f him 8 wife or *ild1 z x is to act ?us t[>ds a free man4 ,?is is ! equality :i* ! law ( ,god dem&s1 & on ?is pr9ciple ! f9al judgm5t is to be adm9i/]$4 ,*ri/ w puni% ! ma/] = defraud+ ! s]vant z sev]ely z he w puni% ! s]vant = robb+ 8 ma/]4 ,! same p5alty w be inflict$ = ! violation ( ! conjugal or p>5tal rights ( ! "o z ( ! o!r4 ,=1 z ! apo/le adds1 !re is no respect ( p]sons ) him4 ,at 8 b> ! "q w be1 ,:at 0 done8 n ,:o did x8 ,paul c>ries ?is s f> z to apply ! pr9ciple n only to ! acts1 b to ! temp] ( ma/]s4 ,!y are n only to act t[>ds _! s]vants on ! pr9ciples ( ju/ice & equity1 b are to avoid ?reat5+4 ,?is includes all manife/ation ( contempt & ill temp]1 or undue sev]ity4 ,all ?is is en=c$ by ! consid]ation t ma/]s h a ,ma/] 9 heav51 to :om !y are responsible = _! treatm5t ( _! s]vants4444 ,believ]s w act 9 con=mity ) ! ,gospel 9 ?is4 ,& ! result ( su* ob$i5ce1 if x c\ld become g5]al1 w\ld be1 t fir/ ! evils ( slav]y1 & !n slav]y itself1 w\ld pass away naturally1 & z heal?fully z *ildr5 cease to be m9ors4 ,pr(4 ,hodge's ,comm5t>y4 ,d ,see #b ,brev>d's ,dige/1 #bbi2 ,pr9ce's ,dige/1 #ddf4 ,e ,civil ,code1 ,art4 #ce4 ,f ,job *4 #cb1 v4 #ag-bj1 ,b>nes's translation4 ,g ,x is sometimes said t ! crime ( adult]y is nei!r p]petrat$ nor enc\rag$ by ! break+ up ( slave-families1 because1 g5]ally1 ! connections =m$ are n truly m>riage1 n be+ solemniz$ accord+ to =ms ( law1 & h5ce ! m>riage obligation _c be violat$4 ,x may be repli$1 if ?is be s1 x pres5ts slav]y 9 a worse light /ill1 = x enc\rages & p]petuates a /ate ( univ]sal concub9age4 ,b x is n s4 ,:5 a slave takes a companion1 & !y cons5t & engage to live toge!r z husb& & wife until dea?1 & !y ?us decl>e _! int5tions be=e o!rs1 :e!r any legal =m is gone ?r\gh or n1 !y are z truly no m twa9 b "o fle% z 7 ,adam & ,eve4 ,x has be5 ?us decid$ by our c\rts 9 reg>d to :ite p]sons4 ,h ,rev4 ,r4 ,i4 ,breck5ridge1 ,d4 ,d4 ,i ,mehemet ,ali4 ,j ,! publi%]s und]/& ! writ] to mean1 t ! work+ ( !m )\t wages1--! )hold+ t :i* is j & equal1--%\ld be imm$iately & univ]sally ab&on$1 & t emancipation %\ld be grant$ z spe$ily z ! slaves c be prep>$ to use & enjoy _! fre$om4 ,! "r %\ld be ackn[l$g$1 & ! ne$ful means = its security imm$iately us$4 ,! writ] does n say1 t hold+ m5 9 bondage is n g5]ally s9ful1 nor t all s9 %\ld n be imm$iately rep5t$ ( & =sak51 b only t !re may be exceptions :]e = a "t1 & "u v peculi> circum/ances1 x may n be s9ful1 & _c consi/5tly ) ! greate/ good be ab&on$1 )\t "s previ\s means ( prep>ation4