,,belc>o ,,be+ ,,essays ,,on ,,sundry ,,/hetical ,,que/ions1 ,,by ,,v]non ,,lee1 ,,au?or ,,( ,,/udies ,,( ,,! ,,eighte5? ,,c5tury ,,9 ,,italy4 ,,london3 ,w4 ,,sat*ell ,,co41 #ab ,,tavi/ock ,,/reet1 ,,cov5t ,,g>d51 ,w4,c4 ,,to ,a4 ,,m>y ,f4 ,,rob9son4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,page ,i4 ,,! ,,book ,,& ,,its ,,title #a ,,ii4 ,,! ,,*ild ,,9 ,,! ,,vatican #ag ,,iii4 ,,orpheus ,,& ,,eurydice #di ,,iv4 ,,fau/us ,,& ,,hel5a #gj ,v4 ,,*apelma/] ,,kreisl] #ajf ,,vi4 ,,*]ub9o #abi ,,vii4 ,,9 ,,umbria #aef ,,viii4 ,,rusk9ism #aig ,,ix4 ,a ,,dialogue ,,on ,,poetic ,,morality #bcj ,x4 ,,po/script ,,or ,,apology #bge ,i h to ?ank ! ,editors ( ! ,cornhill & ( ,fras]'s ,magaz9es1 & ( ! ,contempor>y ,review1 = k9d p]mission to republi% su* ( ^! /udies z h previ\sly appe>$ 9 pr9t4 ,,! ,,book ,,& ,,its ,,title4 ,,to ,,"o ,,( ,,my ,,read]s--,,! ,,fir/ ,,& ,,e>lie/4 ,a little :ile ago ,i told y t ,i wi%$ ?is collection ( /udies to be m especially y\rs3 s n[ ,i s5d x y1 a bundle ( pro(s & ( ,,ms41 to "k :e!r y w h x4 ,i wi% ,i c\ld give y :at ,i h writt5 9 ! same complete way t a pa9t] w\ld give y "o ( 8 sket*es2 t a s+]1 s++ = y alone1 might give y 8 voice & 8 art2 = a d$ication is b a drop ( ink on a l>ge :ite %eet1 & conveys b a sorry notion ( prop]ty4 ,n[1 ?is book is int5d$ to be really y\rs2 y\rs 9 ! s5se t1 7 x impossible = m ?an "o copy ( x to exi/1 t "o copy ,i %\ld c]ta9ly give to y4 ,because ^! /udies repres5t ! ideas ,i h s f> be5 able to "w out = myself ab\t art1 consid]$ n hi/orically1 b 9 its d\ble relation to ! arti/ & ! _w = :om he works2 ideas :i* x is my highe/ ambition %\ld influ5ce ^? "y en\gh & p[]ful en\gh to act ^u !m2 &1 ?is be+ ! case1 my fir/ ?\ght is to place !m be=e y3 x is1 y see1 a matt] ( conv]sion1 & ! ne>e/1 mo/ difficult1 mo/ desir$ conv]t1 is y\rself4 ,to y1 !re=e1 be=e any "o else1 mu/ ,i expla9 :at mann] ( book ?is is1 :at are its orig9 & its aims4 ,& fir/1 ! mean+ ( its title4 ,logically1 ?is title means no?+2 x is a m]e negation1 a m]e arbitr>y comb9ation ( lett]s *os5 f %e] despair to f9d any "n :i* %\ld tell1 :at ?is title c]ta9ly does n1 :at is ! cont5ts ( ! volume4 ,yet1 a mean+ ! "n has3 a mean+ ( association4 ,=1 ev5 z a snat* ( melody w sometimes1 = no app>5t reason1 haunt u :ile we are ab\t any p>ticul> "w1 foll[ u :ile we are travell+ ?r\gh a def9ite tract ( c\ntry 7z1 two ye>s s9ce1 ,wagn]'s ,sp9n+ ,*orus travell$ ) me f ,mantua to ,v]ona1 & f ,v]ona to ,v5ice7 9 su* a way t ! piece ( "w1 ! tract ( c\ntry1 br+ ) _! recollection ! haunt+ tune to our m9d2 s1 also1 dur+ ! "t ( mak+ up ?is volume1 ,i h be5 haunt$ by ! remembrance ( t w9t] aft]noon1 :5 la/ we 7 toge!r1 on ! battlem5ts ( ,belc>o4 ,p]haps 7if we mu/ seek a reason71 because1 :ile driv+ to ! /range1 isolat$ villa ca/le1 up & d[n1 & r\nd & r\nd ! hills ( pl\gh$-up russet e>?1 & pale p9k leafless bru%wood1 & bright gre5 p9e-woods1 :]e e %>p road-turn+ surprises "o ) a sudd5 glimpse ( ,si5a1 a/ride1 ) t[]s & walls & cupolas1 on h] high1 solit>y ridge2 :ile da%+ up ! n>r[ h$g$ lanes ^: s]e oak & ilex bran*es bru%$ across our faces2 or1 :ile look+ d[n f ! half-=tifi$ old place on to ! endless1 vague1 undulat+ ,si5ese fields & oak-woods2 p]haps1 because at t mom5t ,i may1 unconsci\s to myself1 h _h a vague fir/ desire to put toge!r m ( ! helt]-skelt] cont5ts ( ! notes ov] :i* we _h be5 look+1 & give x y 9 "s intelligible %ape4 ,p]haps ?is may h s]v$ to set up ! association2 or p]haps x 0 some?+ :olly diff]5t1 unguess$1 trump]y1 inscrutable4 ,be ?is z x may1 ! fact rema9s t dur+ ! dull mon?s ( plann+ & putt+ toge!r ?is book1 ,i h be5 haunt$1 z by a melody1 by ! remembrance1 ! vision1 ! consci\sness ( t aft]noon1 w>m & hazy1 ( e>ly ,decemb]1 on ! battlem5ts ( ,belc>o ca/le1 :5 we look$ d[n ov] ! top ( ! d5se mural cr[n ( spr\t+ pale gre5 acorn$ ilex on to ! hills & rav9es1 ) ! s]e oak-woods r$d5$ ) ! fa9t flu% ( sun-light1 & ! vague1 :ite ?9n$ olives & isolat$ gold5-leav$ oaks1 & di/ant solit>y belfries & ca/les2 away t[>ds ,si5a1 grey on ! horizon1 b5ea? ! grey1 p9k$1 wet cl\d masses1 lurid & my/]i\s l ,beccafumi's frescos1 z if ! cl\ds1 if "o look$ at !m long1 might ga!r into clu/]$ angels ) palm-%ap$ w+s & flu%$ faces & r$d5$ pale locks4 ,?us h ,i be5 haunt$ by ?is remembrance1 ?is inn] sight1 ?is s+le mom5t cont9u+1 9 a way1 to exi/ alongside ( s _m & v>i\s o!r mom5ts2 s t1 :5 x has come to giv+ a "n to ?is book1 ,i f9d t !re is already indissolubly associat$ ) x1 ! "n ( ,belc>o4 ,s f> ( ! title3 n[ ( ! book itself1 ( :at x is1 & :y x is su*4 ,:51 two summ]s s9ce1 ,i wrote ! la/ pages ( my fir/ book1 x 01 9 a way1 z if ,i _h be5 work+ out ! plans ( ano!r dead individual4 ,! myself :o _h1 almo/ z a *ild1 be5 insanely bewit*$ by ! compos]s & s+]s1 ! mask actors & p$ants1 & f9e ladies & fops1 ! :ole gho/ly turn-out ( ! ,italian #ah? c5tury2 :o _h1 = ye>s1 9 ! bu/le ( self-culture1 ,i might almo/ say1 ( *ildi% education1 nev] let slip an opportunity ( add+ a new microscopic dab ( col\r to ! belov$1 qua9t1 & ridicul\s & pa!tic c5tury-portrait :i* ,i c>ri$ 9 my m9d2 ?is myself1 ?us smitt5 ) ! ,italian #ah? c5tury1 _h already ceas$ to exi/4 ,ano!r myself _h come in/ead1 to :om ?is long accumulat$ #ah? c5tury lore _h be5 bequea!d1 b :o w\ld nev] h tak5 ! pa9s1 or _h ! pati5ce1 to collect x2 :o c>ri$ out ) a sort ( filial piety ! long *]i%$ plan ( mak+ into a book all t inh]it$ mat]ial1 see+ ! :ile 9 ?is #ah? c5tury lore :at ! orig9al collector _h nev] guess$3 illu/rations1 p>tial explanations1 ( que/ions ( arti/ic g5esis & evolution1 ( arti/ic "r & wrong1 :i* 7 = ev] be+ discuss$ )9 me4 ,?is new myself1 ?is heir to ! task ( putt+ into %ape ! hi/orical mat]ials collect$ by an ext9ct individuality1 is ! myself by :om has be5 writt5 ?is pres5t book3 ?is pres5t book repres5ts ! ?\ghts1 ! problems1 ! d\bts1 ! solutions1 :i* 7 haunt+ me :ile writ+ t fir/ book f :i* ?is new "o s completely diff]s4 ,to plan1 to "w = su* a book z t fir/ "o1 seems to me n[ ab\t ! mo/ incompreh5sible ( all ?+s2 to c>e = "o p>ticul> hi/orical mom5t1 to /udy ! details ( "o p>ticul> civilisation1 to worry ab\t f9d+ out ! exact :5 & h[ ( any def9ite ev5t2 above all1 to feel 7z ,i felt7 any desire to tea* any specifi$ ?+ to anybody2 all ?is has become un9telligible to my sympa?ies ( to-day4 ,& x is natural3 natural 9 m5tal gr[? t we are1 to "s ext5t1 pr(essorial & pr(essorially self-important & engross$1 be=e becom+ re/lessly & sceptically /udi\s3 we may tea* "s ?+s be=e we ev5 "k ! desire ( le>n+ o!rs4 ,?us ,i1 f my small magi/]ial *air or /ool ( #ah? c5tury-exp\nd]1 h desc5d$ & humbly gone to s*ool z a /ud5t ( /hetics4 ,to s*ool1 :]e1 & ) :om8 ,a little to books1 & ?is 7except+ a few psy*ological works n be>+ directly ^u my subject7 ) b small pr(it2 ma9ly to art itself1 to pictures & /atues & music & poetry1 to my own feel+s & my own ?\ghts2 /udy+1 9 seem+ly desultory fa%ion1 9 discussions ) my fri5ds & ) myself4 ,?is volume ,,belc>o is ! fir/ fruit ( ^! attempts at kn[+3 x is n ! ,sir-,oracle manual ( a pr(essor1 ) all 9 its "r place1 und]/ood or misund]/ood1 tru? & error all neatly sy/ematis$ = ! tea*+ ( o!rs2 b r ! s*ol>'s copy book1 ! fragm5t>y & some:at helt]-skelt] notes ( :at1 9 8 li/5+s & que/ion+s1 he has be5 able to und]/&1 & :i* he h&s ov] to 8 fell[-pupils1 :o may h und]/ood z mu* ( ! lessons z himself1 b h 9 all probability und]/ood diff]5t portions or 9 diff]5t ways4 ,su* a collection ( notes ?is volume mo/ unmetaphorically is3 x is lit]ally a selection ( su* pages out ( my commonplace books z seem$ 7?\gh writt5 at v>i\s mom5ts7 to conv]ge ^u giv5 po9ts ( /hetical discussion2 to coalesce1 conglom]ate naturally1 & to admit ( "s sort ( sett+1 or resett+4 ,i say sett+ or resett+1 because ^! ?\ghts1 ^! que/ion+s1 ^! discussions1 ?\gh 9 _! writt5 %ape m]ely copi$ out f a confusion ( q het]og5e\s notes1 h ne>ly all _h1 :ile !y 7 liv+1 :ile ?\ght or ask$ or discuss$1 a real sett+ ( "s sort4 ,= ! ideas h come ma9ly 9 ! pres5ce ( works ( art1 or 9 discussions ) fri5ds3 !y h come1 sometimes unp]ceiv$ at ! mom5t1 toge!r ) ! sight ( a picture1 ! he>+ ( a b> or two ( music1 ! read+ ( an accid5tally met1 famili> quotation2 a reason1 a long s\ght explanation has be5 sudd5ly /ruck out by a s5t5ce1 a ^w f a fri5d4 ,oh yes1 a sett+ !y h _h1 ^! ideas1 su* z !y are3 a real1 liv+1 %imm]+ sett+ ( tones & looks1 & je/s & passion1 & anecdote & illu/ration1 & irrelevant /reak+s & ve9+s ( description & /ory2 a sett+ too ( place & "t & p]sonality4 ,= !y h come out ( real desultory talks3 re-e*o$ by ! b>e walls ( gl>+ gall]ies & s\nd+ /atue cells2 or :isp]$ on ! /eps be=e ! )drawn curta9 ( "s alt>-piece1 :ile ! fa9t mass bell t9kl$ f di/ant *apels1 or great waves ( litany responses ru%$ ro>+ d[n ! nave1 & broke 9 %ort repeat$ e*oes aga9/ ! pill>s ( ! aisle2 or1 nev] cle>ly begun or end$1 betwe5 "o piece ( music & ano!r1 ) ! h&s /ill on ! keys1 & ! eyes /ill on ! score2 talks desultory1 digressive1 brok5 (f by ! )draw+ ( ! curta9 f a fre% picture1 by ! prelude ( ano!r piece1 by a c>t block+ up ! /reet or a cat 9 beh9d a w9d[ grat+2 by some?+ (t5 utt]ly trump]y1 s5seless & = ! mom5t all important4 ,& !y h come also1 ^! scatt]$ ideas1 9 long discussions1 rambl+ b eag] 7_! s]i\sness %iv]$ ev] & anon by a sudd5 grotesque image or cutt+ answ]1 or inane pun1 or div]t$ (f1 no "o knew h[1 into anecdotes or folk tales71 9 ! fire-lit w9t] aft]noons1 ) ! crackle ( wood & ! crackl+ ( sp>ks2 or1 9 ! ,augu/-heat$1 %utt]$ room1 ) ! midday dr[sy sil5ce br\ght home m completely by ! nev] flagg+ saw ( ! cicalas on ! v9e-be>+ popl>s1 by ! uni=m clatt] ( ! wood5 frame cru%+ ! brittle silv]y hemp /raw 9 ! d>k c\rty>d outside4 ,?is mann] ( sett+ !y h _h2 & a f> f9] ?an any t c\ld artificially be giv5 to !m4 ,9 ord] to endure1 !y _h1 ^! ideas1 to be remov$ out ( all ?is liv+ frame-"w2 to be writt5 d[n1 t is to say1 to be made q lifeless & inorganic1 & dry & /iff1 l "s /uff$ animal or bird4 ,& :5 x came to sort+ !m1 to prep>+ !m to %[ to o!r folk2 ! vague melan*oly s5se ( h[ diff]5t !y n[ look$1 my poor art ?\ghts all dre>y 9 _! ab/ractness1 f :at !y _h be5 :5 !y _h fir/ come into my head2 ?is s5se ( diff]5ce made me wi% & try to replace !m 9 a sett+1 an artificial "o1 :i* %\ld 9 a mann] be equival5t to t orig9al real sett+ ( place & mom5t1 & individuality & digression3 equival5t z an acre ( g>d51 ) artificial rocks1 /reams1 groves1 grottoes1 places = los+ y\r way1 fl[]-b$s etc41 is equival5t = all ! c\ntry y c travel ov] 9 five or six ye>s4 ,i h done z be/ ,i c\ld1 m]ely to satisfy my own /rong feel+ t art que/ions %\ld always be discuss$ 9 ! pres5ce ( "s def9ite "w ( art1 if art & its productions are n to become m]e ab/ractions1 logical c\nt]s :]e) to reckon2 also1 t discussions %\ld be1 :at real discussions are1 a gradual unravell+ ( tangl$ que/ions1 ei!r alone or ) o!rs' assi/ance1 n a m]e exposition ( a cut & dry sy/em4 ,i h always1 9 putt+ toge!r ^! notes1 _h a vision ( pictures or /atues or places1 _h a s\nd ( music 9 my m9d1 or a page ( a book 9 my memory2 ,i h always ?\ght1 9 arrang+ ^! discussions1 ( ! real individuals ) :om ,i %\ld mo/ will+ly h !m3 ,i h always felt t "s "o else 0 by my side to :om ,i 0 %[+1 expla9+1 answ]+2 h5ce1 ! use ( ! second p]son plural1 ( :i* ,i h va9ly tri$ to be rid3 x is n ! oracul> we ( ! pr9t$ book1 x is ! we ( myself & ^? ) :om1 = :om1 ,i am speak+2 x is ! con/antly felt dualism ( myself & my companion4 ,?us mu* ( ! =m into :i*1 z ! only "o :i*1 h[ev] imp]fectly1 suit$ my lik+1 ,i h work$ ^! notes1 tak5 f out ( ! confusion ( my commonplace books4 ,n[1 z to ! notes1 or r z to ! ideas :i* !y embody4 ,^! ideas1 ,i repeat1 are n a sy/em2 !y are m]e fragm5t>y ?9k+s out ( /hetic que/ions4 ,yet1 !y h1 tak5 altoge!r1 a c]ta9 uni=mity ( t5d5cy1 a c]ta9 logical %ape3 !y look l a sy/em4 ,b if a logical %ape !y h1 x is n because !y h be5 delib]ately fitt$ into ea* o!r1 b because !y h be5 homog5e\sly evolv$2 if a sy/em !y appe>1 x is because ! same individual m9d1 9 its attempt to solve a s]ies ( closely alli$ problems1 mu/ solve !m 9 a self-consi/5t way4 ,h5ce1 :ile dread+ beyond all ?+s to cramp my /ill gr[+1 & !re=e alt]+1 ideas 9 ! limits ( a sy/em1 ,i f9d t ,i h1 nev]!less1 evolv$ = myself a s]ies ( answ]s to sep>ate que/ions1 :i* con/itute a sort ( art-philosophy4 ,an art-philosophy entirely unab/ract1 unsy/ematic1 ess5tially p]sonal1 because evolv$ unconsci\sly1 "u ! pressure ( p]sonal circum/ances1 & to s]ve ! requirem5ts ( p]sonal t5d5cies4 ,i h1 ( c\rse1 read a good deal ab\t art1 p]haps m ?an o!r p2 & ,i h consci\sly & unconsci\sly assimilat$ a good deal ( ! books t ,i read2 b ,i h nev] delib]ately accept$ 7except 9 ! doma9 ( art-hi/ory & evolution1 ( :i* ,i h n treat$ 9 ?is book :i* deals only ( art 9 its connection ) ! individual arti/ & 8 public7 a :ole !ory1 & set myself ei!r to develop+ or correct+ x3 ! ideas ( o!rs ent] l>gely into ! answ]s to my self-que/ion+s1 b !y d s because !y _h become "p & p>cel ( my own ?\ght2 & ! que/ions & _! answ]s h always be5 ask$ by myself & answ]$ by myself4 ,=1 ) respect to /hetic tra9+1 ,i h be5 circum/anc$ diff]5tly f mo/ writ]s on ! subject1 nay1 f mo/ read]s ( our g5]ation4 ,i 0 taught z little ab\t art1 ,i he>d z little talk ab\t pictures1 /atues1 or music1 z any leg5d>y calv9i/ *ild ( ! #ag? c5tury2 ,i jo/l$ art ( "o k9d or ano!r z mu* z any *ild well c3 ,i 0 famili> ) art1 c>$ ab\t x 7to ! ext5t ( requir+ x7 be=e well kn[+ t art exi/$3 rev]s+ ! tra9+ ( ^! days ( culture & eclecticism & philosophy1 accord+ to :i* "o usually kn[s all ab\t art1 all ab\t its hi/ory1 e?ics1 philosophy1 s*ools1 epo*s1 moral value1 poetic mean+1 & s =?1 be=e "o kn[s art itself1 long be=e "o c>es a jot = x4 ,to me1 art 0 nei!r a te*nical /udy1 nor a philosophic puzzle1 nor a rhetorical !me1 nor a fa%ionable craze3 x 0 some?+ natural1 famili>2 indiff]5t at fir/1 !n enjoy$2 only lat] read & ?\ght ab\t4 ,x 0 only :5 ,i began to read :at o!r p _h ?\ght & felt on ! subject1 t ,i began to discov] 7) surprise & awe7 t !re 0 some?+ r>e1 wond]ful1 exotic1 sublime1 my/]i\s1 ineffable ab\t art4 ,i read a great _m books ab\t all ! arts1 & ab\t ea* art 9 p>ticul>1 f ,plato to ,less+1 f ,reynolds to ,ta9e1 f ,hegel to ,rusk92 ,i read1 re-read1 annotat$1 extract$1 comp>$1 refut$2 ,i fill$ copy books ) transc5d5tal1 romantic1 & positivi/ic /hetics2 ,i began to feel1 to und]/& art & all its wond]ful my/]ies2 ,i began to be able to express 9 words all ! vague sublimities :i* ,i felt4 ,any "o read+ my notes1 he>+ my conv]sation1 w\ld h sworn t ,i 0 de/9$ to become an art philosoph]4 ,b x 0 n to be4 ,mu* z ,i read1 copi$1 annotat$1 analys$1 imitat$1 ,i c\ld n really take 9 any ( ! ?+s :i* ,i read2 or if ,i took !m 91 !y w\ld rema9 pure lit]>y fl\ri%es4 ,z soon z ,i got back into ! pres5ce ( art itself1 all my c>efully acquir$ arti/ic philosophy1 my/ic1 romantic1 or transc5d5tal1 0 =gott53 ,i look$ at pictures & /atues1 & saw 9 !m m]e l9es & col\rs1 pleasant or unpleasant2 ,i li/5$ to music1 & :51 aft]w>ds1 ,i ask$ myself :at /range moods x _h awak5$ 9 my s\l1 :at wondr\s visions x _h conjur$ up 9 my m9d1 ,i discov]$ t1 dur+ t p]iod ( li/5+1 my m9d _h be5 a complete blank1 & t all ,i c\ld possibly recollect 7 notes4 ,my old orig9al prosaic1 matt]-(-fact feel+ ab\t art1 z some?+ simple1 /raight=w>d1 enjoyable1 always p]si/$ b5ea? all ! metaphysics & all ! lyrism ) :i* ,i tri$ to cru% x4 ,i cont9u$1 inde$1 to /udy art1 to ?9k ab\t :at x really 02 b gradually ,i p]ceiv$ t ?is ?9k+ ( m9e1 in/ead ( develop+ my faculties = see+ 9 art all ! wond]ful ?+s se5 9 x by o!rs1 t5d$ m & m to confirm my orig9al *ildi% impression t art 0 a simple ?+ to be simply enjoy$4 ,my ?9k+ 0 ma9ly negative3 in/ead ( discov]+ new ?+s 9 art1 ,i discov]$ e day ! abs5ce 9 x ( "s ( ! /range prop]ties ) :i* ,i _h le>n$ to inve/ x2 ,i p]ceiv$ m & m di/9ctly t half ( ! ideas ( /heticians _h m]ely s]v$ to hide ! real nature ( ! art ab\t :i* !y wrote2 ,i und]/ood t :ile analys+ psy*ological mean+s 9 pictures1 !y 7 %utt+ _! eyes to ! =m & ! col\r2 t :ile !y 7 dream+ ab\t woods & lakes1 & love & dea?1 !y 7 n li/5+ to ! music4 ,i gradually took 9 ! fact t mo/ writ]s on art 7 simply sub/itut+ psy*ological or my/ic or poetic enjoym5t1 due to _! own lit]>y activities1 = ! simple arti/ic enjoym5t :i* 0 alone & solely af=d$ by art itself4 ,i saw t ! m value any "w ( art possess$ 9 itself1 & ! great] ! am\nt ( pleasure :i* x c\ld af=d1 ! m extrane\s & imp]t95t 0 ! sort ( int]e/ ) :i* /heticians tri$ to inve/ x4 ,i became aw>e t writ]s1 be+ unable to awak5 ) _! ma*9]y ( ?\ghts & feel+s & words ! activities awak5$ by ! intr9sic qualities1 visible or audible1 ( /atues or pictures or music1 _h unconsci\sly sub/itut$ an appeal to o!r m5tal activities ) :i* ! works ( art _h at be/ b little connection4 ,?is gradual discov]y amus$ me1 b x also made me indignant4 ,_h mank9d appe>$ to me to be m]ely placidly enjoy+ z arti/ic effects ^? :i* 7 n arti/ic effects at all1 x w\ld h be5 a m]e matt] = amusem5t2 b x seem$ to me t z a consequ5ce ( ?is mank9d 0 entirely miss+ mu* ( ! enjoym5t :i* art c\ld give1 &1 moreov]1 :i* c\ld be giv5 only by art4 ,besides1 art 0 = ev] attempt+ really to produce ^? imag9>y1 imag9$ effects3 sculpture 0 try+ to give psy*ological amusem5t1 music 0 try+ to play trag$ies & pa9t l&scapes1 & write religi\s m$itations2 & 9 s do+ art 0 incapacitat+ itself = its real "w1 ev5 z mank9d 0 incapacitat+ itself = appreciat+ ! real p[]s ( art4 ,h5ce1 9 s f> z ,i ?\ght at all ab\t art 9 its absolute relations to arti/ & public 7z di/+ui%$ f art z a psy*ological1 hi/orical1 m]ely sci5tific /udy7 my ?\ghts all t5d$ t[>ds gett+ rid ( ^? =eign1 extra-arti/ic1 irrelevant int]e/s :i* /heticians h s9ce ! beg9n+ ( "t int]pos$ betwe5 art & ^? :o are int5d$ to enjoy x2 my "w has1 unconsci\sly en\gh1 be5 to logically ju/ify t p]fectly simple1 direct connection betwe5 art & ourselves1 :i* 0 ! "o ,i _h felt1 z a *ild1 be=e le>n+ all ! wond]ful fanta/ications ( art philosoph]s4 ,my own art philosophy is !re=e simply to try & enjoy 9 art :at art really conta9s1 to obta9 f art all t x c give1 by refra9+ f ask+ x to give :at x _c4 ,to ?is end h t5d$ all ^? mo/ h>um-sc>um notes1 writt5 dur+ ! la/ six ye>s1 :i* ,i h "h collect$ & tri$ to gr\p accord+ to ! p>ticul> art1 or ! p>ticul> portion ( an art1 to :i* !y ref]r$4 ,"s are ab\t pa9t+1 "s ab\t music1 "s ab\t poetry1 "s ab\t art 9 g5]al1 "s inextricably comb9$ & mix$ up ) o!r subjects4 ,!y h be5 writt5 at diff]5t times1 h5ce ) v>y+ am\nt ( exp]i5ce & in=mation2 occasionally !y may ev5 be contradictory 9 a trifle4 ,?us1 :5 ,i wrote ! notes on musical expression incorporat$ 9 ! essay call$ aft] ,h(fmann's ,kapell-,mei/] ,kreisl]1 ,i 0 n yet acqua9t$ ) ! discov]ies ( ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c] on ! subject2 discov]ies :i* h inf9itely cle>$ my ideas1 & :i* s]ve to correct1 9 ! adjo9+ essay call$ ,*]ub9o1 mu* t 0 vague1 & p]haps equivocal1 9 my e>li] notes4 ,_h ,i be5 con/ruct+ a sy/em1 ,i %\ld h reca/ all ! old 7or suppress$ all ! new72 b ,i am m]ely collect+ notes1 s ,i h let !m /& z !y 7 writt54 ,my object is n to tea* o!rs1 b to %[ !m h[ f> ,i h taught myself1 & h[ f> !y may tea* !mselves4 ,i mu/ always return to my comp>ison ( ! copy books ( ! boy att5d+ a c\rse ( lectures3 ?is is n all t ,i conceive c be said on ! subject2 x is m]ely z mu* z ,i h be5 able to und]/& !re(2 & ! m ,i h li/5$ & que/ion$1 ! m :at ,i h und]/ood has become connect$ )9 itself & seem$ to indicate connections ) un/udi$ problems belong+ to diff]5t ord]s ( ?\ght4 ,?us1 aft] hav+ ?\ght & writt5 only ab\t art2 ab\t :at ea* art c & _c d1 ab\t ! relations ( ! v>i\s arts among/ ea* o!r & to _! arti/s1 ,i h gradually f\nd myself ?9k+ & writ+ ab\t :at art z a :ole c d & %\ld d2 ab\t ! relations betwe5 all art & life tak5 z a :ole3 aft] ! purely /hetical que/ions has come ! "q1 no /hetical "q ?is "t--:at value1 9 ?is _w ( good & evil1 ( d\bt & c]ta9ty1 ( action & inaction1 9 ?is _w /ruggl+ = physical & social & moral good1 :at value h /hetical que/ions at all8 ,& ) ^! notes1 writt5 late/ ( all1 & ?reat5+ to div]t me m ?an !y %\ld f my pres5t field ( /udy to ! wid]1 nobl]1 f> m intricate & dang]\s field ( e?ics1 ,i h ?\ght x be/ to close my book2 s9ce ^! late/ notes supply ! explanation--felt all along1 b only vaguely =mulat$ till n[--( my :ole /hetic1 because ( my :ole philosophic1 t5d5cies3 ! greate/ am\nt ( good "w to be obta9$ f ev]y?+1 & ?is possible only by all be+ se5 9 its "r light1 & consequ5tly us$ 9 its "r place4 ,?is is :at my new book is1 & ?is is h[ su* x has come to be4 ,& j because x is :at x is1 because x is n a m]e piece ( "w1 n a m]e some?+ made by me & ?ru/ away1 9 its sy/ematic cut & dryness1 f my liv+ p]sonality2 b a c]ta9 proportion ( my gr[+1 alt]+1 enl>g+1 disjo9t$1 helt]-skelt] ?\ghts1 ( ! ?\ghts :i* come to me :e!r ,i w or n2 because x is n a real book b a collection ( notes1 d ,i wi% x to be read by y4 ,s n[ ,i tie toge!r & make a packet ( all ! pages ( pro(s & %eets ( ,,ms41 & s5d x all to y4 ,! summ] has come r\nd3 ! tall grass1 brocad$ l "s r\gh1 ri* m$ival /uff1 ) yell[ butt]cups & blue sage fl[]s1 is already beg9n+ to be scy!d & rak$ away2 ! la/ clu/]s ( haw?orn1 :i*1 a few days s9ce1 /ill /ood out :ite & crisp aga9/ ! blue ( ! sky1 fall to pieces z soon z "o tries to ga!r !m2 ! ,tuscan c\ntry has already got its summ] %e5 ( pale gre5 poppi$ :eat1 & pale gre5 budd+ v9e1 & dim blue di/ance1 & p]vad+ fa9t yell[ haze2 ! hills ( ,si5a are gre5 ) spr\t+ arbutus & ilex & f]n & hellebore bells2 ! oakwoods t we saw russet "u ! r$d5+ light1 are 9 t5d]1 yell[i% new leaf2 ! olives are 9 blossom f :i* we broke ! fruit-lad5 twigs2 x seems s long1 s v long1 s9ce t s(t grey w9t] day :5 la/ we 7 toge!r1 look+ d[n f ! battlem5ts ( ! old ,si5ese villa2 & yet ! memory ( t w9t] day seems z real z ! pres5t reality ( ?is summ] "o2 & haunts me /ill1 z ,i write ^! words1 ev5 z x has haunt$ me ?r\gh\t ! putt+ toge!r ( ?is book1 :i* ,i h call$1 f t haunt+ remembrance1 &1 p]haps1 a little also t ! association might make x m pleasant 9 y\r eyes1 by ! "n ( t /range1 isolat$1 ilex-circl$ ca/le villa ( ,belc>o4 ,& n[1 unroll ! tight-roll$ manuscript & smoo? out ! rumpl$ pro( %eets2 read1 & tell me :e!r or n :at y h read is ev] to be read by any "o else4 ,,flor5ce1 ,may1 #ahha4 ,,! ,,*ild ,,9 ,,! ,,vatican4 ,!re 7 a lot ( *ildr5 9 ! ,vatican ?is morn+3 small b>b>ians sc>ce out ( ! nurs]y1 :o %\ld h be5 at home1 at _! lessons1 or read+ fairy books1 or c>p5t]+1 or doll-educat+1 or boat-sail+1 or amus+ !mselves 9 ! hundr$ nondescript ways :i* we seem to =get 7rememb]+ only ready-made toys & ready-made /ories7 :5 we gr[ up4 ,"s 7 left to _! own devices1 & scamp]$1 *att]+ & laugh+1 ?r\gh ! gall]y2 jump+ up ?ree /eps at a "t1 clamb]+ up to w9d[s1 runn+ r\nd isolat$ /atues1 f]ett+ into all ! little nook & corn] rooms1 peep+ into ! lidless s>cophagi & ! great porphyry ba?s1 ) ! r\gh-hewn r+s & lions' heads4 ,! o!rs 7 be+ l$ by _! eld]s3 talk+ 9 :isp]s1 or sil5t3 demure1 we>y1 vacant1 />+ ab\t ) dre>y1 vague little faces2 ^!1 :o 7 n p]mitt$ to ru% ab\t l ! o!rs1 seem$ *ill$1 numb$ by a sort ( wond] unaccompani$ by curiosity1 oppress$ by a s5se ( indef9eable desolation4 ,&1 inde$1 x is a desolate place1 ?is ,vatican1 ) its long1 bleak1 gl>+ corridors2 its half-lit1 *ill1 res\nd+ halls2 its damp little ,belv$]e ,c\rt1 :]e gre5 li*5 fills up ! fissur$ pavem5t2 a dre>y labyr9? ( brick & mort>1 a sort ( ov]-gr\nd catacomb ( /ones1 con/ruct$ 9 our art-/udy+1 r ?an art-lov+ times :]e once--:5 ,mi*ael ,angelo 0 /ret*$ pa9t+ on ! creak+ scaffold+ slung f ! ro( ( ! ,sixt9e--! poppies wav$ sc>let among ! trail+ v9es ( ! pope's or*>d1 & ! :ite butt]flies1 l w9d-bl[n blossoms1 sw>m$ 9 ! tall grass b5ea? ! b5d+ apple trees1 & ! fire-flies danc$ 9 lum9\s spirals among ! wild rose-h$ges4 ,a dismal sci5tific piece ( o/5tation1 l all gall]ies2 a place :]e art is arrang$ & ticket$ & made d+y & lifeless ev5 z are ! plants 9 a botanic collection4 ,em95tly a place ( exile2 or worse1 ( captivity1 = all ?is p ( m>ble3 ^! a?letes & nymphs & satyrs1 & w>riors & poets & gods1 :o once /ood1 ea* 9 happy indep5d5ce1 aga9/ a scre5 ( laurel or ilex bran*es1 or on ! sun-heat$ gable ( a temple1 :]e ! grass wav$ 9 ! fissures & ! swall[s ne/$1 or 9 a cresset-lit1 inc5se-dim *apel1 or high aga9/ ! blue sky above ! bu/le ( ! m>ket place2 poor /one captives cloi/]$ 9 mona/ic halls & cells1 or arrang$1 l ! skeletons ( ,capu*9s1 9 endless r[s ( ni*e1 %elf1 & bracket4 ,gall]ies are necess>y ?+s1 to save pictures & /atues 7or ! little rema9+ ( !m7 f c&le smoke1 sacri/ans' ladd]s1 damp1 worms1 & /reet boys1 b !y are evil necessities2 & ! s5se ( a sort ( negative v&alism always cl+s to !m1 specially to ! gall]ies ( /atues1 s un9habit$1 s utt]ly sepul*ral4 ,go+ to a gall]y ( sculpture1 we mu/ be prep>$ to isolate :at we wi% to enjoy1 to make = x a fitt+ habitation 9 our fancy3 x is l go+ to read a page ( ,hom]1 or ! ,georgics1 or ,%elley1 9 "s great mu/y1 du/y libr>y1 r$ol5t ( crumbl+ p>*m5t & =gott5 rubbi%4 ,su* is ?is ,vatican1 ev5 = u accu/om$ to x & kn[+ :at we d & d n want3 = u gr[n-up creatures1 famili> ) su* matt]s1 & ) p[]s ( impression q dead5$ by culture4 ,:at1 !re=e1 mu/ n ?is ,vatican be = a *ild3 a q small1 ignorant b>b>ian su* z has nev] be=e set its feet 9 a gall]y1 to :om art & antiquity h be5 m]e names1 to :om all ?is _w ( t9tless /one c give b a confus$1 huge1 ov]p[]+ impression ( dre>9ess & vacuity4 ,an impression compos$ ( negative ?+s3 ( sil5ce & abs5ce ( col\r1 ( lifelessness1 ( n kn[+ :at x all is or all means2 a s5se ( void & ( unattractive my/]y :i* *ills1 numbs ! little s\l into a sort ( emotionless1 inactive discom=t4 ,:at we 71 h[ we felt1 h[ we und]/ood & vaguely guess$ ?+s1 z *ildr51 we c none ( u "k4 ,! recollection ( ourselves :5 we 7 s diff]5t f ourselves1 ?is tradition h&$ d[n f a dim1 f>-(f creature ( :om we "k1 )\t feel+ x1 t he1 0 our ego1 ?is my/]i\s tradition rema9s to u only 9 fragm5ts1 has be5 pr9t$ into our memory only by desultory pat*es3 at "o po9t we c read1 at ano!r ! ink has n tak52 we "k z di/9ctly z ! s5sation & impressions ( ?is v morn+ ?is or t s5sation or impression ( s _m1 _m ye>s ago2 & we ask ourselves at ! same "t--h[ did su* ano!r ?+ affect our m9d8--) ! utt] hopelessness ( answ] ) :i* we %\ld try to look into ! s\l ( a dog or a cat4 ,?us x is ) our small b>b>ian *ild 9 ! ,vatican3 h[ did x feel8 ,alas1 we %\ld1 9 ord] to "k1 fir/ h to f9d t little obscure1 puzzl$ s\l aga92 & :]e is x gone8 ?is ?+ :i* may once h be5 ourselves1 :i!r has x disappe>$1 :5 has x be5 ext+ui%$8 ,s we c only speculate & recon/ruct on a g5]al basis4 ,c]ta9 x is t to ?is *ild1 to any *ild1 ?is ,vatican mu/ h be5 ! mo/ desolate1 ! mo/ un9telligible ( places4 ,=1 /range z x may seem1 ?is cle> & simple art ( sculpture1 born :5 ! _w 0 "y & _h n yet le>n$ to ?9k & talk 9 symbolical riddles1 ?is app>5tly s outspok5 art is1 to ! *ildi% s\l ( our days1 ! mo/ sil5t art ( any4 ,to ! *ild1 ! mod]n *ild1 x is spee*less2 x kn[s n a ^w ( ! language und]/ood by ! *ild's fancy4 ,= ?is fancy language ( our mod]n *ild is ! language ( col\r1 ( movem5t1 ( s\nd1 ( sugge/ion1 ( all ! brok5 words ( mod]n ?\ght & feel+3 & ! /atue has none ( ^!4 ,! *ild does n recognise 9 x any?+ famili>3 ^! nak$1 or half-nak$1 limbs are ?+s :i* ! *ild has nev] se51 at lea/1 nev] obs]v$2 !y d n1 9 _! unfamili>ity1 _! vagu5ess1 con/itute an individual "*2 ! dress1 ! furr[$ face1 ! col\r$ hair1 ! be>d1 ^! are ! ?+s :i* ! *ild kn[s1 & by :i* x recognises2 b 9 ^! vague1 :ite ?+s1 ) _! r\nd$ :ite *eek1 & clott$ :ite hair1 ) _! fold ( :ite drap]y ab\t !m1 ! *ild recognises no?+3 m58 wom58 x does n ask3 = x1 !y are m]e ?+s1 figures cut out ( /one4 ,& ?us1 9 _! vagu5ess1 _! unfamili>ity1 !y seem also to be all alike1 ev5 z1 on fir/ acqua9tance1 we sometimes ask ourselves :e!r ^? si/]s or bro!rs we "k are f\r or only ?ree2 = 9 ! unkn[n !re is no div]sity4 ,my/]i\s ?+s1 !re=e1 ^! /atues = ! *ild2 b !irs is a my/]y ( m]e vacuity1 "o :i* does n haunt1 does n seek a solution4 ,= !y are dull ?+s1 9 _! dirty :it5ess3 !y are do+ no?+1 ^! creatures1 m]ely /&+ or sitt+ or lean+1 !y are look+ at no?+ ) _! pupilless :ite eyes1 !y h no /ory to tell1 no "n to be ask$4 ,! *ild does n say to !m1 z to ! p 9 pictures1 ! spl5did p 9 /range col\rs1 & hold+ /range ?+s1 ,:o are y8 :y are y do+ t8 ,x does n ev5 ask or answ] itself :e!r ^! :ite ?+s1 :o seem to be all ! same1 are dead or alive3 !y are n gho/s1 !y are ?+s :i*1 = aught ! *ild kn[s or c>es1 h nev] be5 born & nev] w die4 ,a negation1 oppressive & depress+1 t is all2 & 9 ! inf9ite multitude ( /atues 9 su* a place z ?is ,vatican1 _! s5se mu/ become actively pa9ful to ! *ild4 ,h5ce1 ! *ildr5 we meet ei!r ru% headlong ?r\gh corridor & hall1 look+ nei!r to ! "r nor to ! left1 or let !mselves be passively l$ ?r\gh1 li/less1 depress$1 glanc+ vaguely ab\t1 look+ wi/fully at ! little glimpses ( sunlit g>d5 outside1 at ! clipp$ box h$ges & trim orange trees 9 ! c\rt ( ! ,p9e ,cone4 ,= !re1 outside1 is life1 movem5t1 gre52 little h$g$ b$s to run r\nd2 f\nta9s to be made to spirt aside by /ick+ f+]s into _! pipes2 walls on :i* to walk balanc$1 & b5*es to jump ov]3 !re is field & food = ! *ild's fancy1 & "h1 )91 among all ^! cut /ones1 !re is none4 ,h5ce x is t ! *ild1 :o w "o day become ourselves1 r>ely c>es to return to ^! sculpture gall]ies2 or1 if x c>e to return to any1 x is to mix$ gall]ies l ^? ( ,flor5ce1 :]e1 in/ead ( ! /atues1 x looks at ! pictures4 ,& out ( pictures1 out ( ! co>se blurs ( col\r 9 picture-books1 out ( ! black1 huddl$1 inf9itively sugge/ive engrav+s 9 bible & book ( travel2 out ( f9e glossy mod]n pictures :i* repres5t a def9ite place1 or tell a def9ite /ory2 out ( all ?is1 confus$ ) haunt+ impressions1 ( ?+s se5 or he>d ( 7! /range1 deeply significant sights & words ( our *ildhood71 d we get our orig9al1 nev] really alt]able ideas & feel+s ab\t art2 = mu* z we may clip1 trim1 & b$iz5 our m9ds ) borr[$ ?+s1 we c nev] *ange1 nev] ev5 reca/ its solid mat]ial3 a compact1 & seem+ly homog5e\s s\l mass1 made up ( tightly-press$1 cru%$ odds & ends ( impression2 brok51 confus$1 p\nd$ bits ( ! sights & s\nds & emotions ( our *ildhood4 ,to ! /atues we return only q late1 :5 ?is long-=m$1 long-m\ld$ s\l ( ours has be5 well /eep$ 9 e sort ( eclectic & artificial culture2 has be5 saturat$ ) mod]n art & mod]n criticism1 ) my/icism & realism & s5tim5t & cynicism1 ) ,dante & ,zola1 & ,moz>t & ,wagn] & ,(f5ba*1 saturat$1 ) e k9d ( critically di/ill$ /hetic ess5ce1 till !re is n a flav\r & n a sc5t1 good or bad1 sweet or f\l1 :i* may n be p]ceiv$ 9 ?is /range s\l ( ours4 ,!n we return to ! /atues2 &1 hav+ imbib$ 7l all ?+s7 a c]ta9 am\nt ( ,hell5ic1 ,pagan1 antique feel+1 we try also to assimilate ! _s ( ! /atues ( ,phidias or ,praxiteles2 we exp\nd ! civilisation1 ! mode ( ?\ght2 we trace ! diff]5ces ( s*ool1 we approve & condemn1 we speak m>vell\sly well1 ) subtlety or passion2 we imag9e all mann] ( occult1 ineffable virtues & vices 9 ?is antique art1 we dabble delici\sly 9 alt]nate purity & impurity 7?is be+ ! p]fection ( arti/ic pleasure71 z we ev5 occasionally1 = a few mom5ts1 feel actual1 simple1 unreason+1 :olesome pleasure 9 ! sight ( ! old brok5 m>bles4 ,all ?is we d1 & mo/ (t5 are !re) satisfi$4 ,yet if1 weigh+ our arti/ic lik+s & dislik+s1 comp>+ toge!r our feel+s t[>ds s _m & s v>i\s manife/ations1 try+ to det]m9e :at is fre% & :olesome food to our deprav$ /hetic 7& /hetico-moral7 palate1 & :at is m]e highly flav\r$1 spicy or nause\s drug-/uff1 if1 9 su* a mom5t ( d\bt1 we ask ourselves1 ov]he>d by no "o1 :e!r 9 reality ?is antique art is1 9 ! life ( our feel+s1 at all important1 com=t+1 influ5tial8 we %all1 = ! mo/ "p1 :isp] back to ourselves t x is n s 9 ! v lea/4 ,b c\ld x ev] h be58 ,c\ld ?is1 or any art h be5 = u m ?an m]ely "o ( a hundr$ feebly enjoy$1 m or less exotic m5tal luxuries2 ?an an hi/oric fossil1 by /udy ( :i*1 z ) ! bone ( a pt]odactyl or an i*?yosaurus1 we c amuse ourselves recon/ruct+ ! appe>ance & habits ( a long dead1 once liv+ civilisation8 ,or might ^! /atues h be5 mu* m to u8 ,might !y1 p]haps1 h %ap$ & tra9$ our s\ls ) _! unspok5 lessons8 ,well1 once ^u a "t 7let u inv5t a fairy tale71 a *ild 0 br\ght to ! ,vatican3 j su* an "o1 only p]haps a trifle m wayw>d1 ?an ^? we met ?is morn+1 demurely l$ ab\t1 or scamp]+ ?r\gh ! gall]ies3 its "n signifies no?+1 suffice x t x 0 a *ild4 ,n[1 x s happ5$1 t ^u t day ! /atues 7:o1 z our =efa!rs ( ! middle ages knew7 are m]ely /one imprison$ demons1 de?ron$ gods ( antiquity1 7 b5t ^u gett+ "s small am\nt ( amusem5t 9 _! dre>y lives3 all ! m dre>y s9ce ! great joyful hope ( re/oration 9 ! he>ts ( m5 :i* !y _h conceiv$ :5 ,w9ckelmann & ,goe! came to !m & ador$1 _h be5 sl[ly disappo9t$ by see+ t :at m5 c>$ = 0 n !m1 b m]ely _! own imp]t95t !ories & gr&iloqu5t spee*es4 ,! ,/atue-demons 7 sick ( ! bitt] amusem5t ( wat*+ ! follies ( _! pret5d$ or delud$ wor%ipp]s4 ,s !y sorely want$ excitem5t1 div]sion ( "s sort2 & 9 _! idl5ess1 !y caprici\sly det]m9$ to amuse !mselves1 no long] ) gr[n m51 b ) *ildr54 ,s1 z a toy = ! mom5t1 !y s+l$ out ?is p>ticul> *ild we are speak+ (1 :o 0 w&]+ we>ily ?r\gh ! gall]y1 ov]p[]$ l its companions by ! s5se ( negativ5ess1 ( greyness1 ( sil5ce1 ( want ( "* & movem5t & /ory1 & z x pass$ !m1 ! /atue-demons look$ at ea* o!r ) _! pupilless eyes1 z mu* z to say3 ,?is is ! "o we %all take1 & det]m9$ to ca/ a spell ^u x :i* w\ld make x !irs4 ,h[ !y did is m ?an any ( u c tell3 !re 0 a little gurgl+ f\nta9 9 ! g>d5 outside1 :]e a brok5-sn\t$ dragon spirt$ a trickle ( wat] ?r\gh ! maid5-hair *ok+ up ! bas91 & ( ?is wat] ! *ild did dr9k a little 9 ! palm ( its h&1 ! re/ runn+ up its sleeve2 !re 0 also an old noseless ,v]tumnus 9 a corn]1 on ^: p$e/al a great tuft ( wild grass _h %ot up1 & r\nd ^: arms & neck an ivy plant _h ca/ its gre5 trail+ leaves2 & "o ( ^! bitt] glossy leaves t *ild did c]ta9ly mun*2 b :e!r ! *>m 0 9 ! wat] or ! leaf1 or 9 nei!r1 & only a my/]i\s spell1 a sort ( invisible w+$ se$ ( passion :i* !y ca/ direct into t little s\l1 no "o may ev] decide4 ,be x z x may1 ! *ild rema9$ = a :ile consci\s ( no?+ at all1 nev] dream+ t x _h 9 any way come 9 contact ) t demon _w imprison$ 9 ! /one4 ,x liv$ its *ild life ( romp+ & day dreams & lessons & puni%m5ts1 &1 ) its companions1 frett$ to get away f ?is dre>y1 horrible ,rome ( ! popes3 ?is w>m1 wet place ) its sordid h\ses1 its ru9s emb$d$ 9 fil? & nettles2 its tawdry1 /uffy *ur*es1 fill$ ) snuffl+ ( monks & jig-quav]+ ( /range1 crack$1 sick5+-sweet voices2 its :ole atmosph]e ( decay & slo?1 z ( a great m>%-pond1 spr9kl$ ) bright gre5 we$ & />r$ ) flaunt+ nause\s yell[ lilies4 ,! *ild wond]$ at all ^! ?+s3 dug bits ( porphyry & s]p5t9e out ( gutt]s1 collect$ pieces ( pot%>d f ! ,palat9e2 read & re-read ! /ories ( %ipwrecks & r$ ,indians & volcanoes3 play$ 9 dress+-g[ns & %awls1 at processions ( c>d9als & prelates1 &1 ) yell+ companions 9 p9a=es & napk9s1 at *ur* music1 ) trem5d\s "t-beat+ ) rolls ( pap]2 laugh$ & p\t$ & qu>rell$ z *ildr5 d2 q unconsci\s ( be+ ! *os5 "o1 ! *angel+1 ! victim ( ! /atues4 ,b little by little1 into its ev]yday life1 /ole /range symptoms2 sometimes !re w\ld come l a sudd5 /op1 z ( a boat caught 9 ! ru%es1 a consci\sness ( immobility 9 ! mid/ ( swirl+1 fl[+ movem5t1 a giddy bra9-swimm+ feel+2 & !n ?+s w5t on aga9 j z be=e4 ,b ! symptoms return$1 & o!rs ) !m4 ,:at 0 ! matt]8 ,a vagu5ess1 a want2 a seek+1 a cl++1 b seek+ =1 cl++ to ! unkn[n4 ,9 ! ev5+s ( e>ly spr+1 :5 ! *ildr5 _h return$ f _! scrambl+ walks1 & 7 wait+ = supp]1 *att]+1 look+ at books1 or /rumm+ tunes2 ?is *ild w\ld wat* ! bank ( melt+ col\rs1 crimson1 & smoke-purple & gold1 left by ! sun beh9d ! black dome ( ,/4 ,pet]'s2 & z ! :ite vap\rs rose f ! t[n bel[ & ga!r$ on ! ro(s l a veil1 x w\ld feel a vague1 a*eless pa9 )9 x2 & at any /ray1 trifl+ ^w or b> ( dance music1 its eyes & its :ole little s\l w\ld fill ) a mi/ ( te>s4 ,! spell ca/ by ! /atues 0 n idle1 ! my/]i\s philt] :i* !y _h p\r$ into x 0 work+ ?r\gh\t t *ildi% s\l3 ! *ild 0 9 love2 9 love ) :at x _h hat$2 9 love int5sely1 passionately1 ) ,rome4 ,& z a "p ( ,rome x lov$1 bl9dly1 = no o!r reason1 t desolate ,vatican2 to ! /atues x return$1 & 9 a way1 grew up 9 _! pres5ce4 ,& "o day ! *ild look$ at itself1 & p]ceiv$ t x 0 a *ild no long]2 knew all ( a sudd51 t 9 ^? dr[sy ye>s ( *ildi% passion & day dreams1 x _h be5 le>n+ some?+ :i* o!rs did n "k4 ,= x he>d "o day a few pages ( a symphony ( ,moz>t's2 ! fir/ x _h ev] he>d save mu* m mod]n music2 & ^? b>s ( symphony 7 intelligible words1 convey$ to ! *ild a secret4 ,& ! secret 03 we are ! bre?r51 ! s\nd+ ones ( ! /atues3 & all we :o are bre?r51 :e!r 9 /one1 or s\nd1 or col\r1 or writt5 ^w1 %all to !e speak 9 su* a way t ?\ recognise u1 & di/+ui% u f o!rs2 & ?\ %alt love & believe only 9 u & ^? ( our k94 ,!n ! *ild w5t =? f ! ,vatican1 & w5t 9 among ! pictures1 & among ! poems & ! music1 & did inde$ f9d t all ^? :o 7 ( ! same k9 z ! /atues spoke to x intelligible words1 & return$ its love by mak+ x happy4 ,?is came ( ! /atues hav+ _h ! :im ( giv+ to t *ild ! love potion :i* _h made x love ,rome4 ,all ?is is a fairy tale1 a v meagre "o inde$1 q inf]ior to any told u by nurse or peasant woman2 b a fairy tale nev]!less2 =1 ( c\rse1 we all "k t /atues _c give love philt]s1 nor *ildr5 fall 9 love ) t[ns1 nor symphonies talk ab\t hav+ bro!rs 9 m>ble or col\r4 ,all ?is is rubbi% ( ! same sort z ! danc+ wat]1 ! s++ apple1 ! dragon ,fafn]'s blood :i* made ,sigurd und]/& ! language ( ! birds1 ! en*ant$ lake into :i* ,*>lemagne sat gaz+ out 8 life1 because ( ! r+ ca/ into x2 m]e rubbi%1 &1 consequ5tly1 n to be exam9$ into or reason$ ab\t4 ,b z ! wise m5 ( to-day tell u t 9 all our nurs]y tales 7,heav5 =bid t any?+ s appall+ be true7 !re is a hidd51 s5sible mean+2 p]haps1 also1 !re may be "o 9 ?is absurd little /ory ( ! *ild 9 ! ,vatican1 & t we may see4 ,& s1 n[1 we mu/ be s]i\s & exam9e me?odically into ! matt]4 ,to gr[ up 9 ! pres5ce ( ! /atues2 to become acqua9t$ ) antique art long be=e any o!r2 to p]ceive ! beauty & enjoyabl5ess ( a /atue be=e seek+ = ! beauty & enjoyabl5ess ( a picture or a piece ( music2 ?is is ! rev]se ( ! arti/ic tra9+ :i* e individual man or woman obta9s consci\sly or unconsci\sly 9 our own day2 = we beg9 ) ! art born ne>e/ our "t1 !n proce$ to ^? fur!r2 we g f music to pa9t+1 & f pa9t+ to sculpture4 ,b humanity at l>ge receiv$ ! opposite tra9+ 9 ! la/ f\r-&-tw5ty c5turies1 s9ce humanity knew beauty 9 ! /atue be=e kn[+ beauty 9 ! picture1 & beauty 9 ! picture be=e beauty 9 music4 ,! fir/ /&>d ( arti/ic "r & wrong 7s9ce ar*itecture1 be+ a ?+ p>tly = use1 & only p>tly = beauty1 has a mix$ morality ( its own7 0 ! /&>d ( sculpture4 ,let u see :at t 01 & h[ we mu/ alt] & enl>ge x 7z humank9d has done71 9 ord] to obta9 ! /&>d ( "r & wrong 9 pa9t+ & t 9 music4 ,! /atues1 9 our fairy tale1 told ! *ild t !y _h bre?r5 9 s\nd1 bre?r5 :i*1 kn[+ !m1 he %\ld also "k f ! resemblance4 ,b fir/1 :at l are ^! fir/ born ( art1 ^! /atues8 ,:at is ?is "* 9 !m :i*1 f\nd 9 ! y\ng] ?+s1 9 pa9t+ & music1 %all %[ t ev5 ^! are ( ! same /ock z ! /atues8 ,:at l are ^! /atues8 ,:at a "q6 x is p]fectly insult+ to any "o ( u mo/ /hetic creatures4 ,:at l are ^! /atues8 ,does any ( u require to ask or to be taught t8 ,& to beg9 )1 ! v "q is a gross error1 an un5durable blund]3 /atues1 antique /atues4444 ,y ?9k t s simple1 d y8 ,y ?9k1 p]haps1 l ! p ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 t !re is only "o k9d ( antique /atue2 "k1 mo/ impud5t ( ignoramuses1 t !re are innum]able sorts ( /atues & antique /atues1 !re are good /atues & bad /atues1 & e>ly /atues & late /atues1 !re are ,d$alian /atues & g9ete /atues1 & imm$iately pre-,phidian & ,phidian1 & imm$iately po/-,phidian & ,praxitelian /atues1 & /atues ( ! s*ool ( ,p]gamus1 & /atues ( ! s*ool ( ,rhodes1 & ,grco-,roman /atues1 & /atues ( ! ,grco-,egyptian revival "u ,hadrian1 & /atues4444 ,en\gh1 en\gh6 ,we h be5 talk+ ( ! tea*+s ( ! /atues !mselves1 ( ! lesson :i* !y1 ) _! un*angeable attitude & ge/ure1 _! l9es & curves & lights & %ad[s ( body1 _! folds & plaits ( drap]y1 h sil5tly1 sl[ly taught to a *ild2 & ! /atues !mselves1 :o h nev] read ,w9ckelmann1 nor ,quatremre1 nor ,ottfri$ ,mll]1 d n "k all ^! wondr\s classifications ( s*ools ( :i* 7) _! inf9ite advantage ( tea*+ u to admire only "o or two s*ools1 & abom9ate all ! o!rs z b>b>\s1 decay+1 ,grculan1 etc41 )\t ev5 look+ at !m7 we are s ju/ly pr\d4 ,oh1 yes1 ! /atues :i* taught ! *ild 7 a v mix$ company1 su* z ! c>efully-tra9$ ( our day1 :o c endure only ,phidias1 & next to ,phidias1 only ,clodion or ,c>peaux1 w\ld sc>cely l to "k at all4 ,n ,phidian1 all ( !m1 nor ev51 alas1 ,praxitelian2 !y 7 n ! ,elg9 m>bles nor ! ,v5us ( ,milo1 sole objects ( ! feeble love ( u good1 le>n$ folk2 !y 7 ^? extremely h>um-sc>um /atues ( ! ,vatican3 a few ( !m copies ( lo/1 irreproa*able orig9als1 l ! ,doryphoros1 ! ,m9]va1 ! ,amazon1 ! ,satyr2 a c]ta9 numb] ( impo/ors ( n[ explod$ reputation1 ! ,apollo1 ! ,laocoon1 ! ,ant9\s1 & a :ole ho/ ( q despicable o!rs1 ( e degree ( lat5ess ( epo* & bas5ess ( "w4 ,& :at is /ill worse1 ! *ild 0 taught1 n m]ely by ?is multif>i\s company1 b by heav5 kn[s :at dreadful /atues besides2 ?+s to %udd] at1 ?+s1 hewn /ones 7= ! "r-m9d$ _c call !m /atues7 out 9 g>d5s1 noseless1 armless ?+s "u artificial ru9$ temples1 9 ni*es ( clipp$ box1 or half-swa!d up ) ivy & creep+ roses4 ,all ^! said to t *ild t1 al?\gh "s ( !m 7 q arti/ic patricians & pr9ces1 & o!rs ! m]e/ ragtag & bobtail1 nay1 unspeakable ruffians & outca/s1 !y yet belong$ to ! same /ock1 !y all be+ antique2 & t all ( !m1 accord+ to _! degree & p[]1 "s 9 unspok5 words p]fect z any ( ,plato's1 & o!rs 9 horrible1 jumbl$ slang1 malaprop gibb]i%1 w\ld tea* him ! same lesson1 if he w\ld li/5 to !m all3 ! lesson ( _! own nature & k9%ip4 ,& f all ( !m1 ins5sibly1 sl[ly1 )\t ar*ologic or /hetic =mul1 9 ! simple mann] 9 :i* *ildr5 le>n all t is mo/ important to "k1 ?is *ild le>n$4 ,s t1 )\t desire = ar*ologic & /hetic answ]s1 we n[ ask1 ref]r+ to ?is lesson le>nt by ! *ild--,:at l are ! /atues8 ,:at l8 ,:y1 ( c\rse--well1 !y are l--l--l--:at 9 ! _w %\ld /atues be l8--?+s _c be def9$ 9 t cut & dry fa%ion--:y1 /atues are l--4 ,9 %ort1 su* que/ions c nei!r be ask$ nor answ]$ by intellig5t folk4 ,!y c be put only by p :o believe 9 love philt]s & symphonies :i* talk1 & *ildr5 :o fall 9 love ) t[ns2 idiotic que/ions l ,:y %\ld !re be s98--& ,:y love our neighb\rs :5 !y are na/y8--:i* only *ildr5 ask--que/ions to answ] :i* z !y des]ve1 y _h bett] get hold ( y\r et]nal fairy-/ory *ild1 & ask him :at ! /atues said !y 7 l4 ,nay1 d n lose all pati5ce4 ,& see1 s9ce y ?9k t ! "q1 ,:at l are ! /atues is fit to be answ]$ only by ! *ild ( ! fairy tale1 we w pret5d1 = a mom5t1 t ! fairy tale is true1 & play1 = y\r b5efit1 ! "p ( t *ild4 ,& ! ?+s :i* t *ild w\ld h le>n$1 sc>ce consci\sly1 9 ! c\rse ( its own gr[?1 & dur+ ye>s ( famili>ity ) all ?is ho/ ( /atues1 we w try & expla9 9 an h\r or s1 by exam9+ toge!r a s+le "w ( anci5t sculpture4 ,?is "w is ! ,niobe gr\p2 & we h *os5 x1 aft] a little ?\ght1 = ! purpose1 because1 f ! complication ( ! /ory & ( ! gr\p itself1 x w enable u to illu/rate a great] numb] ( po9ts ?an c\ld well be done 9 ! exam9ation ( isolat$ antique figures1 or gr\ps ( m]ely two or ?ree1 su* z !re are pl5ty ( "h 9 ,rome4 ,b ! ,niobe is n 9 ,rome1 y w say2 :y n take "s /atue or gr\p ( /atues "h 9 ! ,vatican8 ,because ! ,niobe c tea* u mo/ 9 lea/ "t2 & because also1 y ne$ n ?9k ( ! gr\p z x /&s 9 ! gall]y 9 ,flor5ce4 ,inde$1 y mu/ n ?9k ( t gr\p at all1 spread out z x is1 9 idiotic confusion1 r\nd ! walls ( ,pet] ,leopold's oblong hall4 ,:at y mu/ ?9k (1 look at1 is ?is--,see3 "h we h all ! figures compos+ ! gr\p1 v fairly copi$ 9 t]ra-cotta1 ! l>ge/ n mu* long] ?an y\r arm2 & ^! figures we h plac$1 accord+ to _! relative size1 9 ?is r\gh wood5 model ( ! triangul> gable ( a ,greek temple2 foll[+ approximately ! design ( ! re/or$ temple front :i* ,cock]ell made ye>s ago = ! ,flor5t9e gall]y4 ,come & /& at a little di/ance f ! table on :i* ! wood5 gable & /atues are set4 ,s1 n[ we c get an idea 7:i* 9 ! gall]y we _c7 ( ! g5]al effect ( ! gr\p4 ,x seems s simple1 b x is n3 x is 9 sculpture some?+ l :at a fugue is 9 music3 x is a homog5e\s =m due to ! extremely skilful co-ord9ation ( v>i\s =ms2 x is a h>moni\s :ole1 because ! p>ts are comb9$ j at ! po9t :]e _! div]sities coalesce4 ,=1 z ! v>i\s voices ( ! fugue1 "s subtly ins9uat+ !mselves half :isp]$1 :ile ! o!rs are ?und]+ _! l\de/ or already dy+ away into sil5ce1 meet & weave toge!r v>i\s fragm5ts ( ! same melody1 s also d ! figures ( ! gr\p1 "s /&+1 "s recl9+1 "s kneel+1 "s ris+1 "s drap$1 "s nude1 meet our sight 9 v>i\s ways s z to con/itute 9 _! v>iety1 "o great patt]n2 balance ea* o!r on opposite sides ( ! gable1 slope & tap] d[n t[>ds ! extremities1 gr[ & rise high] t[>ds ! middle :]e ! v]tex ( ! triangul> temple front1 ! triumphant c5tre ( ! rhy?m & h>mony ( l9es1 is =m$ by ! maje/ic1 magnific5t "m betwe5 h] two elde/1 mo/ beautiful daught]s4 ,& n[1 ?9k no m ( ?is t]ra-cotta ?an1 hav+ le>n$ ! %ape ( a hymn by ,ba* or a psalm by ,m>cello on ! piano1 y w\ld ?9k ( ! poor mis]able piano-notes :i* y he> ) y\r e>s1 in/ead ( ! mass ( voices :i* y he> ) y\r fancy4 ,?9k ( ?is ,niobe gr\p1 twice humansiz$1 /&+ on ! wea!r-mell[$1 delicately pa9t$ m>ble temple front2 ! amb]-t9t$ figures aga9/ ! d>k holl[ =m$ by ! project+ ro(2 ! sun%9e draw+ on ! black back-gr\nd1 z ) a lum9\s p5cil1 ! great solemn masses ( light & %ad[1 ! p[]fully rhy?m$ attitudes1 ! beautiful comb9ations ( l9es & light & %ade produc$ by ! ge/ure1 :i* n[ raises1 n[ drops ! drap]y1 oppos+ to ! l>ge folds1 heavy & sev]e1 ! m9ute1 mo/ supple1 & mo/ subtle plaits2 & to ! /rong brok5 %ad[s ( ! drap]y1 ! %9+ smoo?ness ( ! nude4 ,?9k ( t1 & rememb] !n ! s+le figures 9 _! be/ examples1 ! "m & elde/ daught] ( ,flor5ce1 ! headless y\ng] daught] ( ! ,vatican1 ! exquisite dy+ boy ( ,muni*2 & ?9k1 by recollect+ ^! disp]s$ noble/ copies1 :at mu/ ! lo/ orig9al h be54 ,& ?us1 look+ at ! little r\gh t]ra-cotta model1 & magnify+ x 9 fancy into ! great sup]b gr\p su* z x mu/ h /ood on ! temple1 !re comes home to u1 fill+1 exp&+ our m9d1 an almo/ ineffable s5se ( p]fection ( l9e & curve1 & light & %ade1 p]fection z ( ! sweep+ wave ( "s great m\nta91 di/ant & deep blue aga9/ ! pale sky2 p]fection z ( ! pe>l$ edge ( ! t9y p9k cyclam5 petal2 z ( ! s+le small voice1 swell+ & dim9i%+ 9 crisp exquisit5ess e little turn & %ake1 & aga9 z ( ! _m *ords ( multitud9\s voices roll+ out 9 great joy\s s\nd bill[s2 p]fection ( :ole 9 h>mony & graduation ( p]fect p>ts3 p]fection ( visible =m4 ,b by ! side ( ?is ov]:elm+ positive s5se ( beauty !re creeps into our consci\sness an irritat+ little s5se ( negation4 ,= ! m int5se becomes our p]ception ( ! =m1 ! vagu] becomes our recollection ( ! subject2 ! /rong imag9ative realization ( ! /ory ( ,niobe1 conjur$ up by ! m]e m5tion ( h] "n1 dw9dles to no?+ 9 ! pres5ce ( ! gr\p repres5t+ ! *ief incid5t ( hi/ory2 ! skrieks & desp]ate scuffl+ ( feet1 :i* we _h he>d 9 our fancy1 gradually die into sil5ce2 our s5ses cease to %r9k ) horror1 our sympa?ies cease to vibrate ) pity1 z we look ^u ?is visible embodim5t ( ! t]rible trag$y4 ,we are no long] feel+ emotion2 we are m]ely p]ceiv+ beauty4 ,h[ has ?is come to pass8 ,%all we look into ourselves & analyze 9 ! d>kness ( our consci\sness8 ,nay1 r fir/ look = an explanation 9 ! mat]ially visible1 ! cle>1 easily exam9$ "w ( art4 ,come & look at ! gr\p once m3 ?is "t n to und]/& its beauty1 b to und]/& :y !re is 9 x no?+ beyond ?is beauty4 ,c]ta9ly1 ! gr\p answ]s v well to ! g5]al idea ( ! massacre ( ! ,niobides3 ! figures h ! attitudes ( m5 & wom5 ov]tak5 by a sudd5 dang] aga9/ :i* !y seek1 b va9ly1 to %ield !mselves3 ! "m clasps ! c[]+1 cl++1 y\nge/ girl1 & tries to cov] h] ) h] mantle1 h] arms1 h] :ole body1 to let ! *ild melt into h]self & be lo/2 ! y\nge/ son s9ks1 pant+ & helpless1 on to "o knee2 ! elde/ daught] b5ds =w>d to ?r[ h] veil ov] a dead bro!r2 ! y\ng] daught] me*anically raises h] drap$ arm to w>d (f ! %afts f h] face2 ano!r son ha/5s away1 look+ bewild]$ ar\nd him1 try+ to see f :i* side come ! arr[s1 :i* come f all sides4 ,all ?is is p]fectly correct 9 expression2 we are b\nd to admit t ^! are ! probable movem5ts & ge/ures ( p situat$ l ,niobe & h] *ildr54 ,we _c f9d fault ) any?+1 yet we feel a vague s5se ( unreality4 ,unreality to ourselves8 ,nay1 r1 unreality to ! arti/3 we p]ceive1 little by little1 t ev]yone ( ^! evid5t indications ( a cata/rophe is connect$ ) a gr& ge/ure1 a noble fold1 a h>moni\s comb9ation ( masses3 ! "m rais+ ! arm cov]$ ) h] cloak & clasp+ ! *ild ) ! o!r1 produces !reby a magnific5t contra/ betwe5 ! r\nd1 bun*$ fold ( ! mantle1 & ! /raight1 n>r[ folds ( h] skirt1 nay1 betwe5 ! simple & ample drap]y cov]+ h] own bosom1 & ! m9ute cl++ cr9kles on ! back ( ! little "o2 ! w\nd$ y\? s9ks d[n 9 su* a way z to display ! gr& muscles ( 8 ?roat & %\ld]s2 ! girl cov]+ h] nak$ dead bro!r1 =ms ) him1 a p[]fully-balanc$ mass ( brightly-lit nude & brok51 %ad[-furr[$ drap]y2 & all ! rema9+ *ildr5 /oop & c[] & /ret* =? _! arms 9 su* a way z to produce ! incl9ation ( ! two sides ( ! triangle cr[n+ ! temple4 ,moreov]1 ! pa!tic1 upw>d movem5t ( ! "m's head1 by slightly draw+ d[n ! jaw1 & 9 upturn+ ! eyes1 contract+ ! br[s into a triangul> furr[1 acc5tuates ! gr&eur ( ! gr& features1 & prev5ts ! light f above fall+ ^u a m]e flat expanse ( *eek & =ehead2 ! elde/ daught] /oop+ t5d]ly ov] ! dead boy produces1 9 s do+1 an incomp>able curve ( neck & %\ld]s2 & ?us1 ) all ! o!r figures1 ! ge/ure is inv>iably productive ( a def9ite beauty ( =m4 ,&1 on ! o!r h&1 !re is n pres5t a s+le "o ( ! ge/ures or attitudes :i* w\ld c]ta9ly produce def9ite ugl9ess ( =m1 & w\ld yet be z appropriate & inevitable to ! situation z ^!4 ,!re is n1 9 ?is gr\p1 any movem5t1 any effect1 ( :i* we c\ld decid$ly say t x w\ld n arise 9 a sc5e l ?is2 b1 9 a sc5e l ?is1 !re w\ld c]ta9ly be a great _m movem5ts & effects :i* _c be f\nd 9 ! gr\p4 ,h5ce1 ! dramatic expression ( ! "w is ess5tially negative3 9 ! m9d ( ! arti/ ! realisation ( ! sc5e1 ! br++ home ( ! /ory1 has be5 a purely second>y ?+1 & !re=e ! realisation ( ! sc5e1 ! br++ home ( ! /ory1 is second>y also to u1 ! spectators4 ,! impression produc$ 9 u is exactly correspond+ to ! int]e/ dom9ant 9 ! arti/3 he has c>$ = ! subject only inasmu* z x af=d$ sugge/ions = beautiful =ms2 & we !re=e h p]ceiv$ ! beautiful =ms1 & =gott5 ! subject4 ,! object ( ! arti/ has be51 :e!r or n he =mulat$ x cle>ly to himself1 n to br+ home ! situation to ! fancy2 n to awak5 an emotion2 b to pres5t to ! eye & ! m9d a m]e beautiful =m4 ,& t su* has be5 8 object1 is ! fir/ & ma9 lesson :i* we h le>n$ f ! ,niobe gr\p1 z x 0 ! fir/ & ma9 lesson le>n$ by ! *ild ( our fairy tale f ! innum]able /atues :i*1 dur+ ^? long ye>s 9 ! ,vatican1 7 its sil5t tea*]s4 ,to pres5t to ! eye & ! m9d a m]e beautiful =m1 ?is seems a t]rible l[ & limit$ def9ition ( ! aim ( a great arti/1 ( a :ole great national art4 ,surely n ?is4 ,! aim ( ! arti/1 ( ! innum]able arti/s con/itut+ antique art1 mu/ h be5 nobl]3 ! =m = !m mu/ h be5 ! m]e physical embodim5t ( ! ideas & ! pres5tation ( ! beautiful idea mu/ h be5 _! real object4 ,y ?9k s8 well2 ! *ild ( our fairy tale pret5ds t ! /atues told him ! contr>y2 told him t =m 0 ! real arti/ic aim1 & t ! idea 0 arrang$1 clipp$1 sometimes ev5 mangl$1 to make x fit ! =m4 ,we c judge = ourselves4 ,y say idea1 & oppose x to =m2 h5ce1 ! idea is1 we mu/ presume1 :at ! =m is n1 & s9ce ! =m is ! s5sible1 ! visible1 ! concrete1 ! outw>dly exi/+1 ! idea mu/ be ! invisible1 ! ab/ract1 ! m]ely intellectually exi/+4 ,9 ?is s5se1 :at is ! idea1 ! ab/ract intellectual conception ( ! ,niobe gr\p8 ,m]ely ! fact ( ! slaught]+ ( ! ,niobides by ,apollo & ,artemis 9 ! pres5ce ( _! "m1 keep ?is fact 7if y c7 9 y\r m9d )\t m5tally inve/+ ) any %ape ! ,niobides1 ! gods1 or ! "m2 conceiv+ ! m]e b>e fact1 )\t conceiv+ :at x w\ld look l2 d ?is & :5 y h succe$$1 z f> z any creature n born bl9d c succe$1 y w h ! idea ( ! ,niobe gr\p4 ,su* an idea does n require = its conception t y be a great sculptor2 inde$ y und]/& t = ! idea to be no?+ beyond an idea1 x requires a man born bl9d1 t is to say1 totally defici5t1 t activity ( pla/ic conception :i* is possess$ 9 ! highe/ degree by ! arti/4 ,n[ :at is ! product ( t v pla/ic activity ( m9d :i* ! arti/ possesses 9 ! highe/ degree1 & :i* y requir$ to dead5 9 y\rself 9 ord] to conceive ! idea 9 its p]fect ab/ract purity1 :at is t product ( pla/ic activity8 :at is x :i* is = ev] hov]+ be=e y\r m5tal vision1 gett+ betwe5 y & ! m]e idea1 int]f]+ ) ! ab/ract conception1 turn+ t ab/ract idea into some?+ 7ev5 9 y\r m9d7 concrete1 p]ceptible by ! s5ses8 ,t some?+ 0 ! =m4 ,:5 y involunt>ily said to y\rself--! "m look$ 9 su* a way1 ! sons 9 su* ano!r1 ?is t y 7 conceiv+ 0 no long] ! m]e idea1 x 0 ! =m3 n ! action1 b ! visible appe>ance pres5t$ by ! action4 ,to conceive ! m]e idea1 all pla/ic fancy mu/ be 9 abeyance2 to conceive ! =m1 all pla/ic fancy mu/ be active2 & z ! arti/ is ! man 9 :om pla/ic fancy is m ?an usually active1 t :i* ! arti/ conceives is n ! idea1 b ! =m3 n ! ab/ract intellectual side ( ! action1 b ! concrete1 ! visible4 ,! idea1 ! fact ( ! action1 & all its non-visible1 psy*ological details1 come to ! arti/ f )\t2 ! k t ,niobe saw h] *ildr5 slaught]$ by ! gods1 & ! psy*ological inf]5ces !refrom t ,niobe1 be+ a "m1 & mo!rs feel+ angui% at ! suff]+s ( _! *ildr51 mu/ h und]gone great angui% at ?us see+ h] *ildr5 slaught]$--?is fact by its psy*ologic developm5ts1 comes f )\t to ! arti/1 x may come f ! same individual man ( :om ! arti/ is a portion1 b ev5 9 ?is case x comes equally f )\t ! arti/2 if ,mr4 ,rossetti inv5t a /ory ab\t a ,bless$ ,damozel1 & !n pa9t a picture repres5t+ h] look+ d[n f heav51 ! /ory1 ! idea ( ! ,bless$ ,damozel is giv5 by ,mr4 ,rossetti1 ! poet1 t is ! man :o conceives facts & _! psy*ologic developm5ts1 to ,mr4 ,rossetti1 ! pa9t]1 t is ! man :o conceives ! visible appe>ance ( actions2 ! two arti/s happ5 to be unit$ 9 "o p]son1 b !y are two di/9ct arti/s nev]!less1 & ! pa9t] is n ! arti/ :o conceives ! idea ( ! action1 b ! "o :o conceives ! =m ( ! action4 ,?us1 ! arti/ is ! man :o conceives ! =m4 ,n[1 s9ce 8 activity is entirely limit$ to ! =m1 s9ce1 z an arti/1 he c produce only ! =m1 h[ is ?is arti/ to d :at behoves e man & e arti/3 8 be/8 ,h[ is he to give ! _w ! greate/ possible b5efit ( 8 special end[m5t8 ,evid5tly1 s9ce 8 end[m5t is = ! creation ( =m1 ! result ( ! greate/ activity ( 8 end[m5t w be se5 9 ! =m2 if he d 8 be/1 he w d 8 be/ ) ! only ?+ :i*1 inasmu* z he is an arti/1 he c control1 namely1 ! =m4 ,b h[ d 8 be/1 ) ! =m8 ,cle>ly1 by mak+ ! =m z good z possible4 ,good 9 :at way8 ,%all we say z expressive z possible8 ,nay1 b ! expressiv5ess is a m]e correspond5ce betwe5 ! idea & ! =m1 x is n an inh]5t quality ( ! =m itself2 giv5 only ! =m1 )\t ! idea1 we _c judge ( its expressiv5ess3 to judge :e!r or n ! ,niobe gr\p is expressive1 we mu/ fir/ be told t :i* x might or might n express2 ! idea1 ! fact & its psy*ologic developm5ts1 :i* d n lie )9 ! doma9 ( ! man ( m]e =m4 ,?us ! goodness ( ! =m mu/ n be a fitt+ness to some?+ outside & sep>ate f ! =m1 x mu/ be intr9sic 9 ! =m itself4 ,& :at is ?is excell5ce :i* c be intr9sic to ! =m1 :i* c be fully appreciat$ 9 ! contemplation ( t m]e =m1 :i* requires no comp>ison ) any?+ outside ! =m8 ,n expressiv5ess1 we h se52 n lik5ess1 = t1 l expressiv5ess1 is an extr9sic quality ( :i* we c judge only by br++ into comp>ison some?+ besides ?is =m2 /ill less fitt+ness to "s mat]ial or moral use4 ,we mu/ look = ! intr9sic possibilities ( =m1 t is = ! effect :i* ! =m c1 )\t int]m$i>y or collat]al help1 produce ^u ! spectator2 %all we say cle>ness8 ,cle>ness is an intr9sic quality ( =m1 b x is n an ultimate quality4 ,t a =m is cle> means t we c see x well2 b ! "q rema9s1 :y %\ld we c>e to see x well8 :at is ! intr9sic quality ( =m 9 obta9+ :i* ! arti/ is do+ ! utmo/ :i*1 9 8 capacity ( m]e arti/1 he c d8 ,:at is t :i* c make x desirable = u to see cle>ly a =m isolat$ f any extrane\s int]e/ ( expressiv5ess1 resemblance or utility8 ,t highe/ intr9sic quality ( =m is beauty2 & ! highe/ m]it ( ! arti/1 ( ! m]e =m creator1 is to make =m :i* is beautiful4 ,c ! ,niobe tea* u m8 ,has y\r ,vatican *ild le>n$ any m f ! /atues8 y ask1 contemptu\s at ?is def9ition1 n>r[1 z mu/ be all def9itions ( duty4 ,p]haps ! ,niobe may tea* u next h[ ?is highe/ arti/ic quality ( beauty1 ?is sole aim ( ! arti/1 is to be atta9$8 ,be n s contemptu\s4 ,! ,niobe c tea* u some?+ ab\t ! mode ( atta9+ to ?is end2 x _c1 inde$1 tea* u :at to d1 = ! k ( t1 ! k ( h[ to comb9e l9es & curves & lights & %ades1 is ! secret belong+ to ! arti/1 to be taught & le>n$ only by himself2 b x c tea* u :at n to d1 tea* u ! conditions )\t :i* ^? comb9ations ( l9es & curves & lights & %ades1 _c be creat$4 ,let u return to ! ,niobe once m3 let u see ! gr\p cle>ly 9 its g5]al composition1 & !n1 ) ! gr\p be=e u1 let u ask ourselves :at pla/ic =m is conceiv$ 9 our imag9ation :5 !re comes home to x ! m]e ab/ract idea ( ! sudd5 massacre ( ! ,niobides1 by ,apollo & ,artemis4 ,no?+1 p]haps1 v cle> at fir/1 b cle>] if we try to draw :at we see or to describe x 9 words4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 we see1 m or less vaguely1 accord+ to our imag9ative end[m5t1 a sc5e ( v great confusion & horror3 figures wildly %uffl+ to & fro1 clut*+ at ea* o!r1 wri?+1 grimac+ ) convuls$ agony1 %riek+1 yell+1 h[l+2 we see horrible w\nds1 r5t1 raw fle%1 arr[s /ick+ 9 torn muscles1 dragg+ =? hide\s entrails1 spirt+ & gu%+ & trickl+ ( blood2 we see ! "m1 agonis$ into almo/ bea/-l rage & t]ror1 ! f\rte5 boys & girls1 ! god & ! goddess adju/+ _! %afts & draw+ _! b[s2 we see all1 murd]\s div9ities1 wri?+ victims1 impot5t1 angui%$ "m4 ,if we see x1 h[ mu* m fully & m cle>ly1 9 e detail1 is x n se5 9 ! m9d ( ! sculptor1 ( ! man ^: special gift is ! conception ( visible appe>ances8 ,oh1 yes1 he sees x3 "h ! "m1 "h ! eld] daught]s1 !re ! o!r *ildr51 fur!r (f1 ,apollo & ,artemis1 sees h[ ea* /&s1 moves1 looks1 sees ! convuls$ features1 ! rumpl$ g>m5ts1 ! fe>1 ! pa91 ! ang]1 ! hopelessness1 ! pitilessness4 ,he takes ?ree planks1 nails toge!r _! extremities3 ?is is ! gable ( ! temple1 ! triangul> cavity or box into :i* he mu/ fit 8 gr\p2 !n1 ) ?umb & f+]s1 r\ghly m\lds a c]ta9 numb] ( clay puppets1 places !m 9 ! triangul> box1 removes !m1 alt]s !m1 replaces !m1 takes !m out once m1 ?r[s "s away1 elaborates o!rs2 works = h\rs1 days1 weeks1 till we return to 8 work%op1 & f9d a numb] ( models1 t9y m\ld$ dolls 9 ! plank triangle2 l>ge /atuettes1 half-f9i%$1 r\ghly-work$ heads--draw+s1 p]haps1 ( p>ts ( ! gr\p4 ,& we exam9e x all4 ,x is ! rudim5t ( ! ,niobe gr\p4 ,b see3 ( all ^? ?+s :i* we saw 9 our fancy1 :i* ! arti/1 be+ an arti/1 mu/ h se5 ) inf9itely m complet5ess & cle>ness1 only a portion has "h be5 reproduc$4 ,( all ! movem5ts & ge/ures !re rema9 b a v few3 ! convulsions1 ! wri?+s1 & grimac+s are gone2 !re is no trampl+1 no clut*+1 no h[l+1 no grimac+1 !re are no quiv]+ limbs1 or disemb[ell$ bodies4 ,:y s8 ,ask ! arti/4 ,because1 he w answ]1 all ^? movem5ts & ge/ures 7 radically ugly2 because all t h[l+ & grimac+ 9 agony entirely ru9$ ! beauty ( ! features2 because ! situation c\ld n be adequately repres5t$1 except to ! utt] detrim5t ( ! =m4 ,h5ce1 ( all ! movem5ts & ge/ures :i* _h pres5t$ !mselves to 8 inn] vision1 at ! fir/ m5tion ( ! /ory ( ,niobe1 ! arti/ has reject$ ^? :i* 7 at all detrim5tal to ! beauty ( ! =m1 & accept$ ^? o!rs :i* 7 conducive !reto4 ,he has ca/ aside a :ole portion ( ! real appe>ance ( ! ev5t1 because x int]f]$ ) 81 p]haps unspok5 & un=mulat$1 b in/9ctively imp]i\s arti/ic aim3 to create beautiful =m4 ,b ?is is n all4 ,he has left out some?+ else :i* 0 a mo/ ess5tial1 nay1 an all important "p ( 8 fir/ m5tal vision ( ! sc5e4 ,he has actually left out--guess :at--"s son or daught] ( ,niobe8--has run c\nt] to ! tradition ( ! sev5 girls & sev5 boys8--oh1 9 comp>ison1 t w\ld be no?+4 ,he has actually & absolutely left out ! god & goddess--left out ! murd]]s f ! repres5tation ( ! murd]4 ,:y 9 ! _w has he done ?is8 ,grant+ t he ne$ n transf] to 8 gr\p all ! t]rible details he has se5 9 8 m9d1 :y %\ld he leave out ,apollo & ,artemis8 ,!y ne$ n be convuls$1 or wri?+1 or grimac+2 on ! contr>y1 !y ought to be q calm & passionless 9 _! cruel beauty4 ,!re is no?+ unbeautiful 9 ,apollo & ,artemis surely4 ,no3 n 9 ,apollo & ,artemis1 tak5 9 !mselves2 b 9 ,apollo & ,artemis consid]$ z "p ( ?is gr\p4 ,li/53 we w expla94 ,s9ce ,apollo & ,artemis are1 betwe5 !m1 slaught]+ all ! ,niobides1 clos+ !m 9 ) _! arr[s1 x is obvi\s t ,apollo & ,artemis mu/ be plac$ 9 su* a mann] z to comm& ! :ole family ( ,niobides2 !re mu/ be no ,niobides beh9d !m1 = t w\ld mean t !re are ,niobides :o are out ( dang] & c escape4 ,s ! god & goddess mu/ be plac$ 9 "o ( ?ree ways3 ei!r back to back 9 ! v c5tre ( ! gr\p1 ea* %oot+ d[n "o half ( ! family2 or else entirely sep>at$1 ea* at "o extremity ( ! gr\p1 s z to face ea* o!r & enclose all ! ,niobides betwe5 !m2 or else above ! ,niobides1 float+ 9 mid air & ra9+ d[n arr[s l hail4 ,n[1 :i* ( ^! ?ree arrangem5ts %all ! sculptor select8 ,he rejects at once ! plan ( plac+ ! god & goddess back to back 9 ! c5tre ( ! gr\p1 & we agree ) him2 = ! two figures1 ?us appli$ to ea* o!r1 ea* m or less 9 pr(ile1 w\ld =m ! mo/ ludicr\s d\ble-head$ ,janus4 ,place1 !n1 ,apollo at "o end & ,artemis at ! o!r4 ,!re is no?+ ugly 9 t1 is !re8 ,!re w\ld n be 7 ! sculptor modell+ ! oblong bas-relief ( a s>cophagus2 b !re w\ld be some?+ v ugly n[ t1 z x happ5s1 he is modell+ a gr\p = ! triangul> gable ( a temple4 ,=1 z ! sides ( ! triangle slope %>ply d[n1 ! figures b5ea? !m necess>ily become small] & less erect 9 proportion to _! di/ance f ! v]tex2 s ! god & goddess1 if plac$ at ! extremity ( ! gr\p1 mu/ be flatt5$ d[n 9 ! acute angles ( ! base1 mu/ cr\* & squat ) _! b[s b>ely on a level ) ! knees ( _! victims4 ,s ?is arrangem5t w n d2 !re rema9s ! ?ird plan ( plac+ ,apollo & ,artemis above ! ,niobides4 ,?is is an admirable idea3 ! v]tex ( ! triangle is fill$ by ! float+ figures ( ! gods1 :o appe> calm1 beautiful1 my/]i\s1 %[]+ d[n dea? f inaccessible heav54 ,w ?is d8 ,alas1 mu* less ?an ei!r ( ! o!rs4 ,! arrangem5t w\ld be beautiful if ! triangle ( ! gable1 in/ead ( be+ fill$ ) a gr\p ( /atues1 7 wall$ up1 pla/]$1 & c\ld be pa9t$ on 9 fresco4 ,! col\r1 light & %ade1 & p]spective ( pa9t+1 by creat+ a seem+ dep? ( back-gr\nd1 by hid+ "o figure p>tially beh9d ano!r1 s z to make !m appe> n 9 actual contact1 by pil+ up !rial cl\ds or wav+ light drap]ies1 w\ld p]mit ! arti/ to %[ ! ,niobides on solid gr\nd bel[1 & ! gods 9 ! air1 high1 di/ant above4 ,b ! sculptor1 )\t any su* means1 c\ld only susp5d ,apollo & ,artemis 7at trem5d\s exp5se ( iron clamps7 9 su* a way t !y %\ld seem to be /&+ on ! %\ld]s ( ! ,niobides2 or int]pose betwe5 !m a ?ick bol/] ( m>ble cl\ds1 a massive flutt] ( /ream+ m>ble drap]ies4 ,n[ d y ?9k t ! m>ble cl\ds & ! m>ble flutt]+ drap]y w\ld be conducive to ! beauty ( ! gr\p1 to ! p]fection ( visible =ms8 ,c]ta9ly n4 ,&1 !re=e1 ,apollo & ,artemis1 gods ?\gh !y are & *ief actors 9 ! /ory1 h simply be5 left out 9 ?is its arti/ic repres5tation4 ,= beauty ( =m has a d\ble orig93 x is n only an intellectual conception1 b also a physical embodim5t2 & ! intellectual conception is alt]$ by ! nature ( ! mat]ial 9 :i* x is embodi$4 ,! ab/ract =m :i* w be inf9itely delicate & life-l 9 ! br[n clay1 :i* receives e m9ute dimple & crease f ! f+] ( ! arti/1 :i* pres5ts a s(t1 uni=m t9t to ! spectator2 ?is same ab/ract =m w be co>se & lifeless 9 ! purple speckl$ porphyry1 aga9/ ^: h>d gra9 ! *isel is blunt$1 & ! mottl$ col\r & salt-l sp>kle ( :i* hide f ! eye ! real relations ( l9e & curve1 ( concave & projection4 ,! ,m]cury :o1 9 ! gre5 bronze1 floats upw>ds l a bubble1 w\ld jump l a clodhopp] 9 ! d+y :ite pla/]4 ,& ^!1 rem>k1 are diff]5ces only 9 "o category ( mat]ial & h&l+2 *ange ! sort ( mat]ial & mann] ( h&l+ & ! diff]5ces become /ill great]4 ,/atues1 :e!r 9 clay1 bronze1 porphyry1 or pla/]1 are always simil> 9 ! fact ( be+ :olly free--r\nd z ,vas>i calls !m--( be+ int]f]$ ) by no complications ( %ad[s l ! figures ( a high1 middle or bas-relief2 h5ce1 z soon z ! figures cease to be r\nd1 z soon z !y are atta*$ to a back-gr\nd1 ! :ole composition is alt]$ by ! consid]ation h[ ! diff]5t degrees ( projection1 & ! consequ5t play ( light & %ad[1 w affect ! app>5t %ape ( ! figures4 ,& yet we are /ill )9 ! doma9 ( sculpture4 ,h[ great a diff]5ce ( =m w n result :51 in/ead ( ! t9tless1 tangible projections ( /one1 we get to ! m]e semblance ( inf9ite dep? & di/ance cunn+ly obta9$ by light & %ade1 col\r & p]spective1 on a flat surface2 :]e ! light1 in/ead ( exi/+ v>iable & confus+ outside ! "w1 is )9 t v "w1 inside ! picture1 comb9+1 graduat+ e detail1 mak+ =m melt g5tly into =m1 or /& out 9 triumphant relief8 ,?us ! ?+s :i* c be done 9 bronze mu/ n be attempt$ 9 porphyry1 ! gr\p ( /atues mu/ be conceiv$ diff]5tly f ! bas-relief2 ! picture is diff]5t f ! /atue2 = ! beauty ( =m dep5ds n only on ! conception b ^u ! embodim5t3 if ! mat]ial is viol5t1 ! conception is w>p$2 & ! same beauty c be obta9$ 9 all ! arts only by rememb]+ t ^? arts are diff]5t t1 ) ! mat]ial & modes ( h&l+1 mu/ *ange ! conception4 ,?us we h se5 t ! sculptor ( ! ,niobe delib]ately refus$ to embody 8 complete m5tal vision ( ! sc5e ( massacre2 t he select$ among ! attitudes & ge/ures & expressions sugge/$ to him by ?is sc5e1 reject$ ^? :i* 7 inh]5tly ugly1 & accept$ ^? :i* 7 intr9sically beautiful2 & t he left out ( 8 repres5tation ( ! incid5ts its pr9cipal actors1 because he c\ld n h introduc$ !m )\t ei!r violat+ ! nature ( ! :ole composition to :i* he 0 b\nd1 or violat+ ! nature ( ! mat]ial 9 :i* he 0 work+1 & by s do+ sacrific+ ! p]fection ( visible =m :i*1 be+ ! only intr9sic quality to :i* 8 art c\ld indep5d5tly atta91 0 ! "o object ( 8 desires & ef=ts4 ,su* is ! logical conclusion :i* we h consci\sly & p]haps we>isomely obta9$ f our analysis ( ! mode ( conception & treatm5t ( ! ,niobe gr\p2 & su* ! lesson :i*1 unconsci\sly1 vaguely1 ! *ild ( our fairy tale mu/ h le>n$ f its m>ble tea*]s 9 ! ,vatican3 ,t ! only intr9sic p]fection ( art is ! p]fection ( =m1 & t su* p]fection is obta9able only by boldly alt]+1 or ev5 ca/+ aside1 ! subject ) :i* ?is =m is only imag9atively1 mo/ (t5 arbitr>ily1 connect$2 & by humbly consid]+ & obey+ ! inh]5t necessities ( ! mat]ial 9 :i* ?is =m is made visible or audible4 ,t by su* arti/ic laws !y !mselves _h come into exi/5ce1 & t all o!r ?+s :i* _h come into exi/5ce by ! same laws1 7 _! bre?r51 0 ! secret :i* ^? /atue-demons imp>t$ to t *ild2 ! secret :i* enabl$ x to und]/& ^? symphony notes ( ,moz>t's1 :5 !y said3 we also1 ! s\nd+ ones1 are ! bre?r5 ( ! /atues2 & all we :o are bre?r51 :e!r 9 /one1 or s\nd or col\r1 %all to !e speak 9 su* a way t ?\ recognize u1 & di/+ui% u f all o!rs2 & ?\ %alt love & believe only 9 u & ^? ( our k92 9 return we w give !e happ9ess4 ,& ?is1 z we h told y1 came to pass solely because ! /atues took ! :im ( bewit*+ t *ild into fall+ 9 love ) ,rome4 ,,orpheus ,,& ,,eurydice4 ,,! ,,lesson ,,( ,a ,,bas-,,relief4 ,no ,greek my? has a great] *>m = our m9d ?an t ( ,orpheus & ,eurydice4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 we are told by my?ologi/s t x is a my? ( ! dawn1 "o ( ^? melan*oly1 subdu$ int]pretations ( ! et]nal1 hopeless sep>ation ( ! beautiful light ( dawn & ! beautiful light ( day1 :i* =ms ! con/antly recurr+ trag$y ( nature1 z ! trem5d\s /ruggle betwe5 light & d>kness =ms h] nev]-end+ epic1 h] ,iliad & ,nibelung5li$4 ,!re is m ( ! purely arti/ic elem5t 9 ^! my?s ( ! dawn ?an 9 ! sun my?s4 ,^? e>lie/ poets1 primitive peoples1 7 int]e/$ spectators ( ! great battle betwe5 day & night4 ,! sun-h]o 0 truly _! ,a*illes1 _! ,siegfri$4 ,9 fight+1 he f\ght = !m4 ,:5 he *a9$ up ! p[]s ( d>kness ! :ole e>? 0 hopeful & triumphant2 :5 he sank d[n dead1 a ?\s& d>k1 vague1 hide\s mon/]s 7 let loose on ! _w1 fill+ m5's he>ts ) sick5+ t]ror2 ! sol> w>f>e 0 wag$ = & aga9/ m54 ,! case is q diff]5t ) respect to ! dawn trag$y4 ,if m5 7 mov$ by t1 x 0 f pure1 dis9t]e/$ sympa?y4 ,! dawn & ! day 7 equally good & equally beautiful2 ! day lov$ ! dawn1 s9ce x pursu$ h] s closely1 & ! dawn mu/ h lov$ ! day 9 return1 s9ce %e fl$ s sl[ly & reluctantly4 ,:y1 !n1 7 !y =bidd5 ev] to meet8 ,:at my/]i\s fate condemn$ ! "o to die at ! t\* ( ! o!r--! belov$ to elude ! lov]1 ! lov] to kill ! belov$8 ,?is sad1 sympa?is+ "q1 :i* ! primitive peoples repeat$ vaguely & p]haps sc>ce consci\sly1 day aft] day1 c5tury aft] c5tury1 at l5g? receiv$ an answ]4 ,"o answ]1 !n ano!r1 !n yet ano!r1 z fancy took m def9ite %apes4 ,yes1 ! dawn & ! morn+ are a pair ( lov]s ov] :om hangs an irresi/ible1 inscrutable fate--,cephalus & ,procris1 ,alce/is & ,admetus1 ,orpheus & ,eurydice4 ,& ?is my? ( ,orpheus & ,eurydice is1 to our m9d1 ! mo/ *>m+ ( ! tales born ( t beautiful1 dis9t]e/$ sympa?y = ! dawn & ! morn+1 ! "o 9 :i* ! subdu$1 my/]i\s pa?os ( its orig9 is mo/ p]fectly pres]v$2 9 :i* no fault ( infidelity or jeal\sy1 no f9al remission ( doom1 breaks ! melan*oly unity ( ! /ory4 ,9 x we h ! real equival5t ( t g5tle1 melan*oly fad+ away ( light into light1 ( t9t into t9t4 ,orpheus loses ,eurydice z ! day loses ! dawn1 because he loves h]2 %e has issu$ f ,hades z ! dawn has issu$ f d>kness2 %e melts away b5ea? h] lov]'s look ev5 z ! dawn vani%es b5ea? ! look ( ! day4 ,! orig9 ( ! my? ( ,orpheus & ,eurydice is beautiful2 ! my? itself1 z evolv$ by spontane\s poetry1 is /ill m s1 & m beautiful /ill are ! =ms :i* h successively be5 l5t x by ! poet1 ! sculptor1 & ! musician4 ,its own *>m adds to t ( its embodim5ts1 & ! *>m ( its embodim5ts adds 9 return to its own2 a complete circle ( beautiful impressions1 ^: my/]i\s1 l9k$ p[] x is impossible to )/&4 ,! fir/ l9k 9 ! *a9 are ^? l9es ( ,virgil's1 = :i* we w\ld will+ly give t5 neids1 ^? gr&ly simple l9es1 half-hidd5 9 ! sweet luxuriance ( ! f\r? book ( ! ,georgics1 z ! exquisitely *isell$ fragm5t ( "s sylvan alt> might lie half-hidd5 among ! long grasses & fl[]s1 b5ea? ! fl[]+ bays & d>k ilexes1 brok5 %ad[s ( b\ghs & yell[ gleams ( sunlight flick]+ fanta/ically across ! cle> & supple =ms ( ! sculptur$ m>ble ,& already upw>ds return+1 he _h escap$ all mi%aps1 & ! giv5-back ,eurydice 0 com+ into ! upp] air1 walk+ beh9d him1 = ,pros]p9a _h made ?is condition4 ,:51 ( a sudd51 a madness seiz$ on ! unwily lov]--p>donable1 surely1 if gho/s b knew h[ to p>don4 ,he /ood1 & back on 8 ,eurydice1 already 9 our sunlight1 he look$1 =getful1 alas6 & brok5 ( w4 ,!n 0 all ! "w undone1 brok5 0 ! compact ) ! unk9d "l1 & va9ly _h he ?rice he>d ! wat]s ( hell s\nd+4 ,!n %e--',:at madness has ru9$ me1 wret*$ "o1 & !e1 also1 ,orpheus8 ,= ,i am call$ by ! cruel ,fates to return1 & sleep closes my swimm+ eyes4 ,s1 f>ewell4 ,i am borne away muffl$ 9 ?ick night1 /ret*+ =? to !e 7alas1 ?9e no long]67 my helpless h&s4' ,%e spoke1 & f 8 sight sudd5ly1 ev5 z ?9 smoke m+les ) air1 disappe>$2 nor him1 va9ly clasp+ ! %ad[s1 & _m ?+s wi%+ to say1 did %e see aga94 ,^! l9es sugge/ a bas-relief to u1 because a real bas-relief is really connect$ ) !m 9 our m9d1 & ?is connection l$ to a curi\s little incid5t 9 our /hetic life1 :i* is wor? n>rat+4 ,! bas-relief 9 "q is a suffici5tly obscure piece ( ,greek workman%ip1 "o ( ^? m$iocre1 mu*-degrad$ works ( art ) :i* ,roman gall]ies ab\nd1 & among :i*1 ?\gh left unnotic$ by ! cr[d t ga!rs r\nd ! ,apollo1 or ! ,augu/us1 or ! ,discobolus1 we may sometimes div9e a repetition ( "s great lo/ "w ( antiquity1 "s feeble reflection ( lo/ p]fection4 ,x is let into ! wall ( a hall ( ! ,villa ,albani1 :]e p ?rong pa/ x 9 se>* ( ! rigid1 pseudo-,attic ,ant9\s4 ,& x is z simple z ! v]ses ( ,virgil3 m]ely ?ree figures slightly rais$ out ( ! flat1 blank back-gr\nd1 ,eurydice betwe5 ,orpheus & ,h]mes4 ,! ?ree figures /& di/9ctly ap>t & 9 a r[4 ,orpheus t\*es ,eurydice's veil1 & h] h& re/s on 8 %\ld]1 :ile ! o!r h&1 droop+ sup9e1 is grasp$ by ,h]mes4 ,!re is no gr\p+1 no embrac+1 no viol5ce ( ge/ure--nay1 sc>cely any ge/ure at all2 yet = u !re is 9 x a :ole drama1 ! :ole pa?os ( ,virgil's l9es4 ,eurydice has return$1 %e is /&+ b5ea? our sun--jam luce sub ipsa--b = ! la/ "t4 ,orpheus lets 8 lyre s9k1 8 head droop+ t[>ds h]--multa vol5s dic]e--& holds h] veil1 spee*less4 ,eurydice1 h] head slightly b5t1 raises h] eyes full ^u him4 ,9 t look is h] la/ long f>ewell3-- ,jamque vale1 f]or +5ti circumdata nocte1 ,invalidas tibi t5d5s1 heu6 non tua1 palmas4 ,beh9d ,eurydice /&s ,h]mes1 ! sad1 ?\gh y\?ful mess5g] ( ! dead4 ,he g5tly takes h] h&2 x is "t2 he w\ld fa9 /ay & let ! p>t+ be delay$ = ev]1 b he _c4 ,come1 we mu/ g4 ,eurydice feels x2 %e is look+ = ! la/ "t at ,orpheus1 h] head & /ep are prep>$ to turn away--jamque vale4 ,truly ?is sad1 sympa?is+ mess5g] ( ,hades is a beautiful ?\ght1 s(t5+ ! horror ( ! return to dea?4 ,& we look up aga9 at ! bas-relief1 ! :ole /ory ( ,orpheus lay+ firm] hold ( our imag9ation2 b z our eyes w&] wi/fully ov] ! m>ble1 !y fall1 = ! fir/ "t1 ^u a scrap ( pap] pa/$ at ! bottom ( x1 a wret*$1 unsightly1 sc>ce legible rag1 su* z insult "s ( ! antiques 9 ?is gall]y1 & on x is writt53--,antiope coi figli ,anfione e ,zeto4 ,a sudd51 p]plex$ wond] fills our m9d--wond] succe$$ by amusem5t4 ,! bungl]s1 :y1 !y mu/ h glu$ ! wrong label on ! bas-relief4 ,( c\rse6 & we turn out ! numb] ( ! piece 9 ! catalogue1 ! solemn1 portly catalogue--full ( ref]5ces to ,fea1 & ,visconti1 & ,w9ckelmann4 ,numb]--yes1 "h x is1 "h x is4 ,:at1 aga98 ,antiope urg+ h] sons1 ,amphion & ,ze?us1 to av5ge h] by ! murd] ( ,dirce4 ,we put d[n ! catalogue 9 consid]able disgu/4 ,:at1 !y don't see t t is ,orpheus & ,eurydice6 ,!y d>e1 ^? s\lless p$ants1 to call t ,antiope ) ,amphion & ,ze?us6 ,ah6--& ) smo!r$ indignation we leave ! gall]y4 ,pass+ ?r\gh ! little ilex copse ne> ! villa1 ! colossal bu/ ( ,w9ckelmann meets our eyes1 ! heavy1 cle>-featur$1 /rong-br[$ head ( him :o fir/ reveal$ ! _w ( anci5t art4 ,& su* pr(anation goes on1 z x 71 "u 8 eyes1 9 t v ,villa ,albani :i* he s lov$1 :]e he fir/ grew intimate ) ! antique6 ,:at w\ld he h said to su* he>tless obtus5ess8 ,we h 8 great "w1 ! "w :i* no am\nt ( additional le>n+ c ev] sup]s$e1 because no am\nt ( additional le>n+ w ev] enable u to feel antique beauty m ke5ly & pr(\ndly ?an he made u feel x--we h 8 great "w on our %elf1 & z soon z we are back at home1 our m9d /ill work+ on ,orpheus & ,eurydice1 we take x d[n & se>* = a ref]5ce to our bas-relief4 ,we se>* all ?r\gh ! index 9 va92 !n turn ov] ! pages :]e x may possibly be m5tion$1 aga9 9 va92 no ,orpheus & ,eurydice4 ,ah6 ,a bas-relief at ! ,villa ,albani--let u see :at t may be4 ,a bas-relief1 c41 c4--horror beyond words6 ,! bas-relief--our bas-relief--delib]ately set d[n z ,antiope ) ,amphion & ,ze?us--set d[n z ,antiope ) ,amphion & ,ze?us1 by ,w9ckelmann himself6 ,yes1 & he gravely /ates 8 reasons = s do+4 ,! situation is evid5tly "o ( great hesitation2 !re is reluctance on ! "o h&1 p]suasion on ! o!r4 ,moreov]1 ! female figure is t ( a m\rn]1 ( a supplicant1 drap$ & half-veil$ z x is2 ! figure ) ! lyre1 9 ! ,?racian or ,!ssalian co/ume1 mu/ necess>ily be ,amphion1 :ile ! o!r 9 ! loose tunic ( a %eph]d1 mu/ z evid5tly be 8 bro!r1 ,ze?us2 & if we put toge!r ^! facts1 we _c b conclude t ! subject ( ! bas-relief is1 z previ\sly /at$1 ,antiope p]suad+ ,amphion & ,ze?us to av5ge h] on ,dirce4 ,! argum5t is a good "o1 !re c be no d5y+ x1 al?\gh x is v /range t ,w9ckelmann %\ld n h p]ceiv$ t ! bas-relief repres5t$ ,orpheus & ,eurydice4 ,b1 aft] all1 we ask ourselves1 z ! confusion 9 our m9ds gradually cle>s up3 h[ d we "k t ?is is ,orpheus & ,eurydice1 & n ,antiope & h] sons8 ,h[6 & ! answ] rises up indignantly1 ,because we see to ! contr>y2 because we "k t x mu/ be ,orpheus & ,eurydice because we feel morally p]suad$ t x is4 ,b a d\bt creeps up4 ,we are morally conv9c$1 b :5ce ?is conviction8 ,did we come to ! bas-relief n kn[+ :at x 01 & did we !n cry out1 ov]come by its int]nal evid5ce1 t x mu/ repres5t ,orpheus & ,eurydice8 ,did we ourselves exam9e & weigh ! evid5ce z ,w9ckelmann did8 ,& we confess to ourselves t we did none ( ^! ?+s4 ,b h[1 !n1 expla9 ?is int5se conviction1 & ! emotion awak5$ 9 u by ! bas-relief8 ,yet t emotion 0 g5u9e2 & n[ we h1 little by little1 to own t we _h read 9 a book1 by ,m4 ,*>les ,blanc1 t su* & su* a bas-relief at ! ,villa ,albani repres5t$ ,orpheus & ,eurydice1 & t we _h accept$ ! ass]tion bl9dly1 unscrut9is+ly1 & com+ to ! bas-relief ) t idea1 did n dream ( exam9+ into its tru?4 ,& did we n !n let our m9d w&] (f f ! bas-relief to ! /ory ( ,orpheus1 & make a sort ( v>iation on ,virgil's poem1 & mi/ake all ?is = ! impression receiv$ f ! bas-relief itself8 ,may ?is n be ! explanation ( our int5se conviction8 ,x seems z if x 7 s4 ,we h n only lo/ our s5tim5tal pleasure 9 ! bas-relief1 b we h be5 caught by ourselves 7mo/ humiliat+ ( all su* positions7 weav+ fanta/ic /ories out ( no?+ at all1 decry+ great critics = want ( disc]nm5t1 :5 we ourselves _h %[n none :atev]4 ,x may h be5 *ildi%1 b x 0 natural to feel consid]able bitt]ness at ?is discov]y2 y may smile1 b we _h lo/ some?+ preci\s1 ! idea t art 0 beg9n+ to say m to u ?an to o!rs1 ! budd+ satisfaction ( be+ no long] a /rang] to ! antique1 & ?is loss 0 truly bitt]2 nay1 9 ! fir/ bitt]ness ( ! discov]y1 we _h almo/ tak5 an av]sion to ! bas-relief1 z p w take an av]sion to ! ?+s ab\t :i* !y "k !mselves to h be5 fooli%4 ,h[ev]1 z ?is feel+ subsid$1 we began to reflect t ! really wor?y & dignifi$ c\rse w\ld be to atta9 to real c]ta9ty on ! subject1 & f9d+ t our recollection ( ! bas-relief 0 n s p]fectly di/9ct z to au?orise a f9al decision1 we det]m9$ coolly to exam9e ! "w once m1 & to draw our conclusions on ! spot4 ,! foll[+ ,tuesday1 !re=e1 we />t$ betimes = ! ,villa ,albani1 int5d+ to h a good h\r to ourselves be=e ! arrival ( ! usual gap+ visitors4 ,! gall]y 0 q empty2 we drew "o ( ! heavy *airs rob$ 9 pr9t$ lea!r be=e ! bas-relief1 & settl$ ourselves delib]ately to exam9e x4 ,we 7 n[ /rangely unbiass$ on ! subject1 = ! reaction aga9/ our fir/ positive mood1 & ! frequ5t turn+ ov] "o view1 !n ! o!r1 _h left 9 u only a v /rong critical curiosity1 ! desire to unravel ! tangl$ reason ( our previ\s unexpla9$ conviction4 ,( c\rse we f\nd t our memory _h fail$ 9 "o or two p>ticul>s1 t ! image pres]v$ 9 our m9d 0 n absolutely fai?ful1 b we c\ld discov] no?+ capable ( mat]ially influ5c+ our views4 ,we look$ at ! bas-relief aga9 & aga92 /rictly speak+1 !re is 9 x no?+ beyond a woman /&+ betwe5 two m51 ( :om ! "o t\*es h] veil1 & ! o!r1 to :om %e turns h] back1 grasps h] "r h&1 :ile h] left h& re/s lightly on ! %\ld] ( ! fir/ male figure2 s f> !re is reason = say+ t ! bas-relief repres5ts ei!r ,orpheus & ,eurydice1 or ,antiope & h] sons2 inde$1 all t c\ld fairly be said is t x repres5ts a woman betwe5 two m51 ) "o ( :om %e appe>s to be 9 m or less t5d] conv]se1 :]eas %e is pay+ no att5tion to ! o!r1 :o is tak+ h] passively droop+ h&4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 ! additional circum/ance t "o ( ! m5 holds a lyre & is dress$ 9 loose tr\s]s & mitre-l head-dress1 :ile ! o!r man we>s only a %ort tunic1 leav+ ! arms & legs b>e1 & 8 head is uncov]$ & %[s closely-cut curly locks2 ! woman be+ entirely drap$1 & h] head p>tially cov]$ ) a veil4 ,n[1 we "k t ?is co/ume ( tr\s]s & mitre-%ap$ head-ge> 0 t ( c]ta9 semi-b>b>\s peoples connect$ ) ! ,greeks1 among/ o!rs ! ,?racians & ,phrygians1 :ile ! simple tunic & ! close-cut locks 7 di/9ctive ( ,hell5ic y\?s1 especially ^? admitt$ to gymna/ic tra9+4 ,moreov]1 we happ5 to "k t ,orpheus 0 a ,?racian1 & t ,h]mes on ! o!r h&1 al?\gh 9 "o capacity conductor ( ! s\ls to ,hades1 0 also ! patron div9ity ( ! ,greek ephebi1 ( ! y\?s engag$ 9 gymna/ic ex]cises4 ,n[1 if we put toge!r ^! sev]al facts1 we p]ceive great likelihood ( ^! two figures--! "o 9 ! dress ( a b>b>ian1 :i* ,orpheus is kn[n to h be51 & hold+ a lyre1 :i* ,orpheus is kn[n to h play$1 & ! o!r 9 ! dress ( a ,greek ephebus1 :i* ,h]mes is kn[n to h worn--( ^! two figures really be+ int5d$ = ,orpheus & ,h]mes4 ,at ! same "t1 we mu/ recollect t ,amphion also is kn[n to h worn ?is b>b>ic co/ume & to h play$ ! lyre1 :ile 8 bro!r1 ,ze?us1 is equally kn[n to h worn ! habit ( ! ephebus2 s t ,w9ckelmann has q z good gr\nds = 8 ass]tion z we h = ours4 ,if only ! sculptor _h tak5 ! tr\ble to give ! figure 9 ! tunic a pair ( w+$ s&als or a caduceus1 or a w+$ cap2 !n !re c\ld rema9 no d\bt ( 8 be+ ,h]mes1 = x is a positive fact t no "o except ,h]mes ev] _h ^! attributes2 ! d\bt is ow+ to ! *oice ( insuffici5tly def9ite & di/9ctive peculi>ities4 ,b x n[ /rikes u3 all ?is is f\nd$ ^u ! supposition t we "k t ! b>b>ians wore tr\s]s & mitres1 t ,orpheus 0 a sort ( b>b>ian1 t ,greek ephebi wore tunics & %ort-cut hair1 t ,h]mes 0 a sort ( ephebus1 t1 moreov]1 he 0 a conductor ( s\ls2 n[1 suppos+ we knew none or only "s ( ^! facts1 :i* we c]ta9ly %\ld n1 if classical diction>ies _h n taught !m u1 h[ c\ld we argue t ?is is ,orpheus & t ,h]mes8 ,is ! mean+ ( a "w ( ,art to dep5d on ,lempri]e & ,dr4 ,william ,smi?8 ,at t rate ! sculptor might z well h let alone all su* di/9ctions1 & m]ely writt5 "u "o figure ,orpheus or ,amphion1 :i*ev] x might be1 "u ! o!r ,h]mes or ,ze?us2 ?is w\ld n h presuppos$ m k on our "p1 s9ce x seems ev5 easi] to le>n ! ,greek alphabet ?an ! precise attributes ( v>i\s antique gods & demi-gods1 & !n1 too1 no mi/ake w\ld h be5 possible1 we %\ld h _h no *oice1 ! figure mu/ be ei!r ,orpheus or ,amphion1 ,h]mes or ,ze?us1 s9ce ! arti/ himself said s4 ,b ?is w\ld be an admission ( ! incapacity ( ! art or ! arti/1 l ! old device ( writ+--,?is is a lion1 ,?is is a horse2 well1 b1 aft] all1 h[ are we able to recognise a pa9t$ lion or a horse8 ,is x n1 ?anks to previ\s k1 to our acqua9tance ) a live horse or live lion8 if we _h nev] se5 ei!r1 c\ld we say1 ,?is is a lion1 ,t is a horse8 evid5tly n4 ,b !n1 mo/ p c recognise a horse or a lion1 :ile !y _c be expect$ to recognise a p]son !y h nev] se51 especially a purely imag9>y "o2 ! case is evid5tly "o ( degree2 if we _h nev] se5 a c[1 & did n "k t c[s are milk$1 we %\ld no m und]/& ! mean+ ( a repres5tation ( c[-milk+ ?an we %\ld und]/& ! mean+ ( a picture ( ,a*illes 9 ,scyros if we knew no?+ ab\t ,a*illes4 ,! compreh5sion ( ! subject ( a "w ( art w\ld !re=e seem to require c]ta9 previ\s in=mation2 ! "w ( art w\ld seem to be unable to tell its /ory itself1 unless we h ! key to t /ory4 ,n[1 ?is is n ! case ) lit]ature2 giv5 ! compreh5sion ( ! sep>ate words1 no fur!r in=mation is requir$ to und]/& ! mean+1 ! subject ( prose or v]se2 ,virgil's l9es pre-suppose no k ( ! /ory ( ,orpheus1 !y !mselves give ! k ( x4 ,! diff]5ce1 !n1 betwe5 ! poem & ! bas-relief is t ! /ory is absolutely conta9$ 9 ! =m]1 & n absolutely conta9$ 9 ! latt]2 ! /ory ( ,orpheus is "p ( ! organic :ole1 ( ! exi/5ce ( ! poem2 ! two are insep>able1 s9ce ! "o is =m$ out ( ! o!r2 :]eas1 ! /ory ( ,orpheus is sep>ate f ! organic exi/5ce ( ! bas-relief1 x is arbitr>ily connect$ ) x1 & !y ne$ n co-exi/4 ,:at !n is ! bas-relief8 ,a mean+less ?+1 to :i* we h wilfully atta*$ a mean+ :i* is n "p or p>cel ( x--a blank %eet ( pap] on :i* we write :at comes into our head1 & :i* itself c tell u no?+4 ,z we look up p]plex$ly at ! bas-relief1 :i*1 aft] hav+ be5 z confus$1 has n[ become well nigh z blank z our m9d1 we are />tl$ by he>+ our "n f a well-kn[n voice beh9d u4 ,a "y pa9t] /&s by our side1 a creature kn[+ or ?9k+ v little beyond 8 p5cils & bru%es1 s]5ely unconsci\s ( lit]ature & sci5ce 9 8 complete devotion to art4 ,a few trivial s5t5ces are ex*ang$1 dur+ :i* we cat* our fri5d's eye glanc+ at ! bas-relief4 ,i nev] notic$ t be=e1 he rem>ks1 ,d y "k1 ,i l x bett] ?an any?+ else 9 ?is room4 ,/range t ,i %\ld n h notic$ x be=e4 ,x is a v int]e/+ "w1 we answ]2 add+1 ) purposely feign$ decision1 ,( c\rse y see t x repres5ts ,orpheus & ,eurydice1 n ,antiope & h] sons4 ,! pa9t]1 ^: in/9ctive impression on ! po9t we h ?us tri$ to elicit1 seems :olly unmov$ by ?is rem>k2 ! fact lit]ally passes across 8 m9d )\t 9 ! lea/ t\*+ x4 ,does x8 ,ah1 :at a spl5did mass ( drap]y6 ,t gr&1 r\nd fold & ^? small1 f9e v]tical ones4 ,i %\ld l to make a sket* ( t4 ,a sort ( veil seems sudd5ly to fall (f our m5tal eyes2 ^! simple1 e>ne/ words1 ?is int5se admiration seem to h %$ new light into our m9d4 ,?is fell[1 :o kn[s or c>es app>5tly no?+ :atev] ab\t ei!r ,orpheus or ,antiope1 has n f\nd ! bas-relief a blank2 x has spok5 = him1 ! cle>1 unmi/akeable language ( l9es & curves1 ( light & %ade1 a language ne$+ no int]pret]s1 no diction>ies2 & x has told him ! fact1 ! fact dep5d+ on no previ\s k1 irrefutable & et]nal1 t x is beautiful4 ,& z our eyes foll[ 81 & we li/5 to 8 simple1 unaffect$1 unpoetical exclamations ( admiration at ?is comb9ation ( l9es1 or t b5d ( a limb1 we recognise t if poetry has its un*angeable effects1 its p[] :i*1 9 ord] to be felt1 requires only ! compreh5sion ( words2 art also has its un*angeable effects1 its p[]1 its supreme virtue1 :i* all c feel :o h eyes & m9ds t c see4 ,! bas-relief does n necess>ily tell u ! /ory ( ,orpheus & ,eurydice1 z ,virgil's l9es d1 t is n inh]5t 9 its nature z 9 !irs2 b x tells u ! fact ( its beauty1 & t fact is vital1 et]nal1 & indissolubly connect$ ) x4 ,to appreciate a "w ( art means1 !re=e1 to appreciate t "w ( art itself1 z di/+ui%$ f appreciat+ some?+ outside x1 some?+ accid5tally or arbitr>ily connect$ ) x2 to appreciate ,virgil's l9es means to appreciate 8 tell+ ( ! /ory ( ,orpheus1 8 *oice ( words & 8 metre2 to appreciate ! bas-relief means to appreciate ! comb9ation ( =ms & lights & %ades2 & a p]son :o c>$ = ,virgil's l9es because !y sugge/$ ! bas-relief or = ! bas-relief because x sugge/$ ,virgil's l9es1 w\ld equally be appreciat+ nei!r1 s9ce 8 pleasure dep5d$ on some?+ sep>ate f ! "w ( art itself4 ,yet ?is is :at con/antly happ5s1 & happ5s on acc\nt ( two v simple & legitimate movem5ts ( ! m9d3 t ( comp>ison & t ( association4 ,let u exam9e :at we h call$1 = want ( a m def9ite ^w1 ! movem5t ( comp>ison4 ,y are enjoy+ a "w ( art1 pla/ic & musical2 :at y enjoy is ! "w ( art itself1 ! comb9ation ( l9es1 lights & %ades & col\rs 9 ! "o case1 ! comb9ation ( modulations & h>monies 9 ! o!r2 n[1 z ?is enjoym5t means m]ely ! pleas+ activity ( y\r visual & /hetic1 or ac\/ic & /hetic organism1 y in/9ctively wi% to increase ! activity 9 ord] to increase ! pleasure2 ! increase ( activity is obta9$ by approximat+ z mu* z possible to ! creative activity ( ! orig9al arti/1 by go+ ov] e /ep t he has gone ov]1 by creat+ ! "w ( art ov] aga9 9 ! int5sity ( appreciation4 ,if x be a pla/ic "w1 y produce y\r p5cil & bru%es & copy x2 if x be a musical composition1 y try & reproduce x by means ( y\r voice or y\r in/rum5t2 & y ?us obta9 ! highe/ degree ( /hetical activity & pleasure compatible ) m]e appreciation4 ,b suppos+ y c nei!r draw1 nor s+1 nor play2 suppos+ y h only ano!r set ( faculties1 ^? deal+ ) ?\ghts & images1 ^? ( ! arti/ 9 words1 ( ! writ]4 ,h[ w y obta9 t high degree ( /hetical activity1 h[ w y g ov] ! /eps ( ! orig9al creator8 ,y w f9d t words _c copy ! "w ( art1 pla/ic or musical2 t l9es & lights & %ades1 or modulations & h>monies1 mu/ be se5 or he>d to be appreciat$2 t1 9 %ort1 y h no means ( absolutely reproduc+ :at y h se5 or he>d2--in/9ctively1 un9t5tionally1 unconsci\sly1 y w seek = an equival5t = x2 y w try & produce ) ! means at y\r disposal some?+ analog\s to ! "w ( art1 y w obta9 y\r /hetic activity f ano!r set ( faculties2 n be+ able to draw or to s+1 y w ?9k & feel1 &1 9 default ( produc+ a copy1 y w produce an equival5t4 ,b ! same result is n obta9able by diff]5t means2 a pa9t]1 copy+ a /atue1 w produce n a /atue b a picture2 a sculptor copy+ a picture w produce a model1 n a sket*2 yet ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! modus op]&i ( pa9t+ & sculpture is z no?+ comp>$ ) t betwe5 ! modus op]&i ( art :i* appeals to ! eye or ! e>1 & art :i* appeals direct to ! m9d2 ( art :i* deals ) visible or audible %apes1 & ( art :i* deals ) purely ab/ract ?\ghts & images4 ,h[ mu* great]1 !n1 mu/ n also be ! diff]5ce 9 ! result6 ,in/ead ( a /atue y h1 n a picture1 b a poem1 a "w ( art ( totally diff]5t nature f ! "o :i* y orig9ally tri$ to reproduce4 ,in/ead ( visual or audible =ms1 y h feel+s & fancies2 & if y comp>e y\r equival5t ) ! orig9al "w ( art y w probably f9d t x has little 9 common ) x3 y _h se5 a beautifully *isell$ head1 & y say t y _h p]ceiv$ a beautiful emotion2 y _h he>d a lovely modulation1 & y h writt5 t y witness$ a pa!tic p>t+2 in/ead ( y\r eye & y\r e>1 y\r imag9ation & feel+ h be5 active1 & ! product ( _! activity is a special1 sep>ate "o4 ,s1 9 y\r desire to appreciate a "w ( art1 y h1 aft] a fa%ion1 creat$ a new "o1 good or bad1 & hav+ creat$ x1 !re are a hundr$ *ances aga9/ "o t y w h5ce=w>d p]ceive y\r creation & n ! orig9al "w2 t y w no long] p]ceive l9es or s\nds1 b fancies & feel+s1 9 %ort1 t in/ead ( appreciat+ ! "w ( art itself1 y w appreciate m]ely y\r intellectual equival5t ( x1 t is to say1 some?+ :i* mo/ di/9ctly & emphatically is n ! "w ( art4 ,! process ( association is ev5 common]3 y h tak5 int]e/ 9 "s /ory1 or "s =m1 y\r m9d has work$ ^u x2 y are %[n a "w ( art ^: "n1 (t5 no?+ m1 connects x ) ?is /ory or poem1 & y\r ?\ghts be+ full ( ! latt]1 y apply to ! "w ( art ! rem>ks y _h made ab\t ! /ory or poem2 y see 9 ! "w ( art ! details ( t /ory or poem2 y look at x z a m]e illu/ration2 v (t5 y d n look at x at all2 = al?\gh y\r bodily eyes may be fix$ on ! picture or /atue1 y\r intellectual eyes are busy ) "s recollection or impression 9 y\r m9d2 x is ! case ( ! bas-relief ( ! ,villa ,albani1 ! pleasure receiv$ f ,virgil's l9es be+ re-awak5$ by ! m]e circum/ance ( ! bas-relief be+ call$1 rightly or wrongly1 ,orpheus & ,eurydice2 x is ! /ory ( a hundr$ int]pretations ( works ( art1 ( p see+ a comic expression 9 a c]ta9 gr\p at ! ,villa ,ludovisi because !y imag9$ x to repres5t ,papirius & 8 "m1 :ile o!r p f\nd ! same gr\p highly tragic1 because !y fanci$ x repres5t$ ,electra & ,ore/es2 x is ! old /ory ( viol5t emotion1 attribut$ to :olly unemotional music1 because ! words to :i* x is arbitr>ily connect$ happ5 to be pa!tic2 ! endless /ory ( delusions ( all sorts1 ( associations ( feel+s & ideas z accid5tal z ^? :i* make c]ta9 tunes or sights depress u because we happ5$ to be 9 a melan*oly mood :5 we fir/ saw or he>d !m4 ,:at becomes ( ! real1 inh]5t effect ( ! "w ( art itself 9 ! mid/ ( su* concat5ations ( fancies & associations8 ,h[ c we li/5 to its own magic spee*1 its language ( l9es & col\rs & s\nds1 :5 our m9d is full ( confus$ voices tell+ u ( diff]5t & irrelevant ?+s8 ,:]e1 at su* times1 is our arti/ic appreciation1 & :at is x wor?8 ,%\ld we !n1 if su* a ?+ 7 possible1 =bid su* comp>isons1 su* associations8 ,%\ld we volunt>ily deprive ourselves ( all su* pleasure z is n giv5 by ! "w ( art itself8 ,no1 b we %\ld re/ra9 su* impressions2 we %\ld1 z f> z we c1 rema9 consci\s ( ! fact t !y are m]e effects ( comp>ison & association1 t !y are n ! "w ( art1 b some?+ di/9ct f x1 & t ! "w ( art itself exi/s 9 ! l9es1 t9ts1 lights & %ades ( ! picture or /atue1 9 ! modulations & h>monies ( a composition1 & t all ! re/ is gratuit\sly add$ by ourselves4 ,nay1 we %\ld rememb] t !re c\ld n ev5 h be5 t v comp>ison1 t v association if !re _h be5 no previ\s real arti/ic p]ception2 t unless we _h fir/ c>$ = ,virgil's ,orpheus = its own sake1 we c\ld n aft]w>ds h c>$ = ! bas-relief on its acc\nt4 ,we confess t we h ourselves become in/9ctively jeal\s ( su* =eign causes ( pleasure 9 art1 jeal\s because we h be5 pa9$ by _! con/ant encroa*m5t2 ! feel+ may be an exagg]at$ "o1 b x is a natural reaction4 ,we h ?us caught ourselves almo/ regrett+ t pictures %\ld h any subjects2 we h sometimes felt t ! adaptation ( music to ! drama is a sort ( pr(anation2 & all ?is because we h too (t5 obs]v$ t ! subject seem$ to engross s mu* att5tion z to make p =get ! picture1 & t ! drama made p mis9t]pret ! music2 & t criticism itself1 in/ead ( *eck+ ?is t5d5cy1 has done mu* to fur!r x4 ,yes1 critics1 grave & emphatic ?9k]s1 h spok5 z if ! *ief m]it ( ! pa9t] _h consi/$ 9 cle>ly express+ "s /ory1 :i* 9 all probability 0 n wor? express+1 "s dull monki% leg5d :i* 8 g5ius alone c\ld r5d] tol]able2 z if ! *ief aim ( ! compos] 7 to foll[ ! mazes ( "s wret*$ imbecile libretto1 :i* has become endurable ?anks only to 8 notes2 z if ! immortal 7 to be *a9$ to ! mortal1 & m$iocrity1 inf]iority1 m]e trump]y fact or trump]y utility 7 to bridle & be/ride ! div9e hippogriff ( art1 &1 l ano!r ,a/olfo1 fly up on its back into ! regions ( immortality4 ,arti/s !mselves h be5 ( ?is way ( ?9k+1 we _c say ( feel+1 =1 z long z !y 7 true arti/s1 _! in/9ctive feel+s mu/ h propell$ !m 9 a v diff]5t direction4 ,gluck1 t great dramati/1 :o 0 greate/ :5 lea/ dramatic1 ?\ght t music 0 made = ! sake ( ! drama1 t its greate/ glory 0 to express ! diff]5ce1 z he himself wrote1 betwe5 a pr9cess & a wait+-maid betwe5 a ,sp>tan & a ,phrygian1 to foll[ ! /eps ( a play z its humble reta9] & comm5tator4 ,gluck compos$ 8 music = ! sake ( ! dramas2 b1 ,o irony ( art6 ! dramas are recollect$ only = ! sake ( 8 music4 ,let ! arti/ be humble1 mi/ru/ful ( 8 own art1 let him believe x to be subs]vi5t to some?+ outside x1 devote x magnanim\sly to "s purpose ( utility1 or "s expression ( fact1 sacrifice x ?r\gh\t2 x w be all 9 va92 if 8 "w be excell5t1 x w subord9ate all to itself1 x w swall[ up e o!r int]e/1 ?r[ into ! %ade e o!r utility4 ,"o day ! ,pope's bank]1 ,ago/9o ,*igi1 came to ,ma/] ,rafael ( ,urb9o1 & said to him--,i am build+ a little pleasure villa 9 :i* to ent]ta9 my fri5ds4 ,baldass>e ,p]uzzi has made ! plans1 ,seba/iano del ,piombo has design$ ! arabesques1 ,nanni da ,ud9e w pa9t me ! g>l&s ( fruit & fl[]s2 x mu/ be p]fection4 ,y %all pa9t me ! walls ( ! op5 hall look+ out on ! ,tib]1 t x may be a fit place :]e9 to sup & make m]ry ) popes & c>d9als & pr9ces4 ,v good1 answ]$ ,rafael4 ,! object 0 to obta9 a d9+-hall1 & ! fresco 0 to be !re m]ely z an ornam5t2 b ,rafael pa9t$ 8 ,galatea1 & behold1 ! hall c\ld no long] be us$ z a d9+-room2 e "o cr[d$ into x to see ! fresco2 ! hall has n[ become a gall]y1 & ! real prop]ty1 less ( its own]s1 :o _c make use ( x1 ?an ( ! :ole _w1 :o insi/ on ent]+ x2 ! room n[ exi/s only = ! sake ( ! fresco1 yet ! fresco 0 orig9ally int5d$ to exi/ only = x4 ,?is is ! inevitable c\rse ( art2 we call 9 beauty z a s]vant1 & see1 l "s /range dmon1 x becomes ! ma/]2 x may answ] our call1 b we h to d its bidd+4 ,we h /ray$ f> away f ,orpheus & ,eurydice1 :ile ?us foll[+ ! tra9 ( ideas sugge/$ by ! /ory ( ! bas-relief4 ,yet we may return to ! subject1 & use x z an illu/ration ( our la/ rem>k4 ,we h said mu* aga9/ ! common t5d5cy t[>ds transport+ on to a "w ( art an int]e/ n orig9ally due to x1 because1 by ?is means1 we are apt to lose ! int]e/ :i* does belong to ! "w ( art4 ,b1 if only ea* c\ld get its due1 ea* ex]t its p[] unimpair$1 !re c\ld be no?+ m delightful ?an ?us to enjoy ! jo9t effect ( sev]al works ( art2 n1 accord+ to ! notion ( c]ta9 /hetic vision>ies--:o d n see t s+]s _c be liv+ ,greek /atues nor libretti/s poets1 nor sc5e-pa9t]s ,p\ss9s--9 "o clumsy ambigu\s mon/] spectacle1 b 9 our m9ds1 9 our fancy2 if1 consci\s ( ! diff]5ce betwe5 !m1 we c\ld unite 9 "o collection ! works ( v>i\s arts3 p ! glades & d+les ( ,keats ) ! div9ities we h se5 9 m>ble1 play ^u ! re$ ( ! ,praxitelian ,faun ! woodl& melodies ( ,moz>t's ,tam9o4 ,x w\ld ?us be ! highe/ rew>d = self-scrut9is+ /hetic humility1 = hone/ appreciation ( ea* art = itself1 = brave sacrifice ( our own arti/ic :imsies & vanities1 to enable u to br+ up simultane\sly ! recollection ( ,virgil's nobly pa!tic l9es1 ( ! exquisitely simple & supple =ms ( ! bas-relief1 ( ! gr& & t5d] music ( ,gluck1 & to unite !m 9 "o noble pageant ( ! imag9ation1 evok$ by ! spell ( ^? two names3 ,orpheus & ,eurydice4 ,,fau/us ,,& ,,hel5a4 ,,notes ,,on ,,! ,,sup]natural ,,9 ,,art4 ,!re is a /ory1 well-kn[n ?r\gh\t ! sixte5? c5tury1 :i* tells h[ ,doctor ,fau/us ( ,wittemb]g1 hav+ made ov] 8 s\l to ! fi5d1 employ$ him to raise ! gho/ ( ,hel5 ( ,sp>ta1 9 ord] t %e might become 8 p>am\r4 ,! /ory has no hi/oric value1 no sci5tific mean+2 x lacks ! ho>y dignity ( ! tales ( h]oes & demi-gods1 wr\ght1 vague1 & colossal =ms1 out ( cl\d & sunbeam1 ( ^? tales n>rat$ & he>d by g5]ations ( m5 deep hidd5 9 ! /ratifi$ ru9s ( lo/ civilisation1 c>ri$ 9 ! races f ,india to ,hellas1 & to ,sc&9avia4 ,comp>$ ) !m1 ?is tale ( ,fau/us & ,hel5a is paltry & br&-new2 x is n a my?1 nay1 sc>cely a leg5d2 x is a m]e trifl+ incid5t add$ by humani/ic p$antry to ! ev]-*ang+ m$ival /ory ( ! man :o b>t]s 8 s\l = k1 ! wiz>d1 al*emi/1 philosoph]1 pr9t]1 ,alb]tus1 ,bacon1 or ,fau/us4 ,x is a "p1 an uness5tial1 subord9ate fragm5t1 valu$ 9 its day nei!r m nor less ?an any o!r "p ( ! hi/ory ( ,doctor ,fau/us1 n>rat$ cursorily by ! biograph] ( ! wiz>d1 ov]look$ by "s ( ! ballad rhym]s1 alt]nately us$ & reject$ by ! playwrights ( puppet-%[s2 giv5 by ,m>l[e himself no great] importance ?an ! o!r m>vell\s de$s1 ! juggl+ tricks & magic j\rneys ( 8 h]o4 ,b = u1 ! incid5t ( ,fau/us & ,hel5a has a mean+1 a fasc9ation :olly diff]5t f any o!r portion ( ! /ory2 ! o!r incid5ts owe ev]y?+ to arti/ic treatm5t3 ?is "o owes no?+4 ,! wiz>d ,fau/us1 await+ ! h\r :i* w give him ov] to ,hell1 is ! creation ( ,m>l[e2 ,gret*5 is ev5 m completely ! creation ( ,goe!2 ! fi5d ( ! ,engli%man is occasionally gr&1 ! fi5d ( ! ,g]man is ?r\gh\t ma/]ly2 9 all ^! cases we are 9 ! pres5ce ( true arti/ic "w1 ( /uff r5d]$ valuable solely by ! h& ( ! arti/1 ( figures well def9$ & f9ite1 & limit$ also 9 _! p[] ov] ! imag9ation4 ,b ! gr\p ( ,fau/us & ,hel5a is diff]5t2 x belongs nei!r to ,m>l[e nor to ,goe!1 x belongs to ! leg5d4 ,x does n give ! complete & limit$ satisfaction ( a "w ( art2 x has ! *>m ( ! fanta/ic & fitful %apes =m$ by ! flick]+ firelight or ! wrea?+ mi/s2 x haunts l "s vague /ra9 ( music1 dr[sily he>d 9 half-sleep4 ,x fills ! fancy1 x oscillates & trans=ms itself2 ! arti/ may see x1 attempt to seize & embody x = ev]more 9 a def9ite & endur+ %ape1 b x vani%es out ( 8 grasp1 & ! =ms :i* %\ld h inclos$ x are m]e empty sepul*res1 haunt$ & *>m$ m]ely by ! evok+ p[] ( our own imag9ation4 ,if we are fasc9at$ by ! ,lady ,hel5 ( ,m>l[e1 walk+1 l "s ,flor5t9e goddess1 ) embroid]$ kirtle & madonna face1 across ! /udy ( ! old wiz>d ( ,wittemb]g2 if we are pleas$ by ! /ately pseudo-antique ,hel5a ( ,goe!1 drap$ 9 ! drap]y ( ,?orwalds5's /atues1 & speak+ ! language ( ,goe!'s own ,iphig5ia1 z %e meets ! v mod]n ,fau/1 gracefully masqu$ 9 m$ival co/ume2 if we f9d 9 ^! attempts1 ! "o un?9k+ & imp]fect1 ! o!r lab\r$ & abortive1 some?+ :i* delights our fancy1 x is because our ?\ghts w&] (f f !m & evoke a ,fau/us & ,hel5a ( our own1 diff]5t f ! creations ( ,m>l[e & ( ,goe!2 x is because 9 ^! def9ite & imp]fect arti/ic =ms1 !re yet rema9s ! sugge/ion ( ! subject ) all its p[] ov] ! imag9ation4 ,we =get ,m>l[e1 & we =get ,goe!1 to foll[ up ! inf9ite sugge/ion ( ! leg5d4 ,we cease to see ! ,elizabe?an & ! pseudo-antique ,hel52 we lift our imag9ation f ! book & see ! m$ival /reet at ,wittemb]g1 ! gabl$ h\se ( ,fau/us1 all sculptur$ ) qua9t devices & grotesque =ms ( apes & *]ubs & fl[]s2 we p5etrate ?r\gh ! l[ br[n rooms1 fill$ ) mu/y books & my/]i\s ov5s & retorts1 r$ol5t ) /range sc5ts ( al*emy1 to t inn]mo/ secret *amb]1 :]e ! old wiz>d hides1 9 ! dep?s ( 8 m$ival h\se1 ! immortal woman1 ! god-born1 ! fatal1 ! belov$ ( ,!seus & ,p>is & ,a*illes2 we are bl9d$ by ?is sun%9e ( ,antiquity p5t up 9 ! oak5-panell$ *amb]1 su* z ,dr] might h et*$2 & all ar\nd we he> circulat+ ! my/]i\s rum\rs ( ! neighb\rs1 ( ! burgh]s & /ud5ts1 :isp]+ %yly ( ,dr4 ,fau/us & 8 /range gue/1 9 ! be]-cell>s & 9 ! cloi/]s ( ! old univ]sity t[n4 ,& gaz+ ?us into ! fanta/ic intellectual mi/ :i* has ris5 up betwe5 u & ! book we 7 read+1 be x ,m>l[e or ,goe!1 we cease1 aft] a :ile1 to see ,fau/us or ,hel5a1 we p]ceive only a *aotic fluctuation ( incongru\s %apes2 s*ol>s 9 furr$ robes & caps pull$ ov] _! e>s1 burgh]s wives ) high sug>-loaf coif & sla%$ boddices1 ) h&s demurely fold$ ov] _! pray]-books1 & knights 9 arm\r & imm5se plumes1 & haggl+ ,jews1 & tonsur$ monks1 desc5d$ out ( panels ( ,wohlgemu? & ! engrav+s ( ,dr]1 m+l+ )1 *ang+ into processions ( nak$ a?letes on foam+ %ort-man$ horses1 ( drap$ ,a!nian maid5s c>ry+ baskets & sickles1 & prie/s be>+ oil-j>s & tor*es1 all melt+ into ea* o!r1 indi/9ct1 confus$1 l ! images 9 a dream2 vague cr[ds1 phantoms foll[+ 9 ! wake ( ! spectre woman ( ,antiquity1 beautiful1 unimpassion$1 ev] "y1 lur+ to ,hell ! wiz>d ( ! ,middle ,ages4 ,:y does all ?is vani% z soon z we once m fix our eyes ^u ! book8 ,:y c our fancy %[ u m ?an c ! arti/ic g5ius ( ,m>l[e & ( ,goe!8 ,:y does ,m>l[e1 believ+ 9 ,hel5 z a satanic reality1 & ,goe!1 /riv+ aft] h] z an arti/ic vision1 equally fail to satisfy u8 ,! "q is intricate3 x requires a ?reefold answ]1 dep5d5t on ! fact t ?is tale ( ,fau/us & ,hel5a is 9 fact a tale ( ! sup]natural--a weird & colossal gho/-/ory1 9 :i* ! actors are ! spectre ( ,antiquity1 ev] "y1 beautiful1 radiant1 ?\gh ris5 f ! putresc5ce ( two ?\s& ye>s2 & ! ,middle ,ages1 alive1 b too?less1 palsi$1 & tott]+4 ,:y nei!r ,m>l[e nor ,goe! h succe$$ 9 giv+ a satisfactory arti/ic %ape to ?is tale is expla9$ by ! necess>y relations betwe5 art & ! sup]natural1 betwe5 our creative p[] & our imag9ative faculty2 :y ,m>l[e has fail$ 9 "o mann] & ,goe! 9 ano!r is expla9$ by ! fact t1 z we said1 = ! fir/ ! tale 0 a sup]natural reality1 = ! second a sup]natural fiction4 ,:at are ! relations betwe5 art & ! sup]natural8 ,at fir/ sight ! two appe> closely alli$3 l ! sup]natural1 art is born ( imag9ation2 ! sup]natural1 l art1 conjures up unreal visions4 ,! two h be5 intimately connect$ dur+ ! great ages ( ! sup]natural1 :5 in/ead ( exi/+ m]ely 9 a few disput$ traditional dogmas1 & 9 a little discr$it$ traditional folklore1 x con/itut$ ! :ole ( religion & a great "p ( philosophy4 ,gods & demons1 sa9ts & spectres1 h af=d$ at lea/ "o-half ( ! subjects = art4 ,! sup]natural1 9 ! %ape ( religi\s my?ology1 _h art b\nd 9 its s]vice 9 ,antiquity & ! ,middle ,ages2 ! sup]natural1 9 ! %ape ( spectral fancies1 rega9$ its dom9ion ov] art ) ! adv5t ( romanticism4 ,f ! gods ( ! ,iliad d[n to ! ,comm&] 9 ,don ,giovanni1 f ! sylvan div9ities ( ,praxiteles to ! fairies ( ,%akespe>e1 f ! ,furies ( s*ylus to ! ,ar*angels ( ,p]ug9o1 ! sup]natural & ! arti/ic h con/antly appe>$ l9k$ toge!r4 ,yet1 9 reality1 ! ho/ility betwe5 ! sup]natural & ! arti/ic is well-nigh z great z ! ho/ility betwe5 ! sup]natural & ! logical4 ,critical reason is a solv5t1 x r$uces ! phantoms ( ! imag9ation to _! mo/ prosaic elem5ts2 arti/ic p[]1 on ! o!r h&1 m\lds & solidifies !m into di/9ct & palpable =ms3 ! syn!tical def9it5ess ( art is z sceptical z ! analytical def9it5ess ( logic4 ,= ! sup]natural is necess>ily ess5tially vague1 & art is necess>ily ess5tially di/9ct3 give %ape to ! vague & x ceases to exi/4 ,! task set to ! arti/ by ! dream]1 ! prophet1 ! prie/1 ! gho/-se] ( all times1 is z difficult1 ?\gh 9 ! opposite s5se1 z t by :i* ! little girl 9 ! ,v5etian fairy tale s\ght to te/ ! omnipot5ce ( ! emp]or4 ,%e ask$ him = a v humble di%1 q simple & n co/ly1 a pat ( butt] broil$ on a gridiron4 ,! emp]or desir$ 8 cook to place ! butt] on ! gridiron & light ! fire2 all 0 go+ well1 :51 behold6 ! butt] began to melt1 trickl$ (f1 & vani%$4 ,! arti/s 7 ask$ to pa9t1 or model1 or n>rate ! sup]natural2 !y set ab\t ! "w 9 good consci5ce1 b see1 ! sup]natural became ! natural1 ! gods turn$ into m51 ! madonnas into m]e mo!rs1 ! angels into arm$ /ripl+s1 ! phantoms into m]e creatures ( fle% & blood4 ,!re are 9 reality two sorts ( sup]natural1 al?\gh only "o really des]ves ! "n4 ,a great numb] ( beliefs 9 all my?ologies are 9 reality m]e sci5tific errors--abortive attempts to expla9 ph5om5a by causes ) :i* !y h no connection--! imag9ation plays n m "p 9 !m ?an 9 any o!r sort ( !oris+1 & ! notions t unlucky accid5ts are due to a c]ta9 man's glance1 t c]ta9 =mul w br+ ra9 or sun%9e1 t miracul\s images w dispel pe/il5ce1 & k+s ( ,engl& cure epilepsy1 mu/ be class$ "u ! head ( mi/ak5 g5]alizations1 n v diff]5t 9 po9t ( fact f explod$ sci5tific !ories1 su* z ,desc>tes' vortices1 or ! innate ideas ( s*ola/icism4 ,t !re 0 a "t :5 animals spoke ) human voice may seem to u a piece ( fairy-lore1 b x 0 9 its day a sci5tific hypo!sis z brilliant & satisfy+ z ,d>w9's !ory ( evolution4 ,we mu/1 !re=e1 9 exam9+ ! relations betwe5 art & ! sup]natural1 elim9ate z f> z possible ?is species ( sci5tific speculation1 & consid] only t sup]natural :i* really des]ves ! "n1 :i* is beyond & outside ! limits ( ! possible1 ! rational1 ! explicable--t sup]natural :i* is due n to ! logical faculties1 argu+ f wrong premises1 b to ! imag9ation wr\ght ^u by c]ta9 k9ds ( physical surr\nd+s4 ,! div9ity ( ! e>li] races is 9 "s measure a mi/ak5 sci5tific hypo!sis ( ! sort we h describ$1 an attempt to expla9 ph5om5a o!rwise inexplicable4 ,b x is mu* m3 x is ! effect on ! imag9ation ( c]ta9 ext]nal impressions1 x is ^? impressions br\ght to a focus1 p]sonifi$1 b p]sonifi$ vaguely1 9 a fluctuat+ ev]-*ang+ mann]2 ! p]sonification be+ cont9ually alt]$1 re9=c$1 blurr$ out1 enl>g$1 re/rict$ by new s]ies ( impressions f )\t1 ev5 z ! %ape :i* we puzzle out ( congregat$ cl\d-masses fluctuates ) _! e movem5t--a %ift+ vap\r n[ oblit]ates ! =m1 n[ compresses x into great] di/9ctness3 ! w+s ( ! fanta/ic mon/] seem n[ flapp+ leisurely1 n[ ext5d+ bri/l+ l a griffon's2 at "o mom5t x has a beak & talons1 at o!rs a mane & ho(s2 ! breeze1 ! sunlight1 ! moonbeam1 =m1 alt]1 & oblit]ate x4 ,?us is x ) ! sup]natural3 ! gods1 m\ld$ out ( cl\d & sunlight & d>kness1 are = ev] *ang+1 fluctuat+ betwe5 a human or animal %ape1 god or goddess1 c[1 ape1 or horse1 & ! m]e natural ph5om5on :i* impresses ! fancy4 ,pan is ! weird1 %aggy1 clov5-foot$ %ape :i* ! goat-h]d or ! huntsman has se5 glid+ among ! bu%es 9 ! grey twilight2 8 is ! pip+ he>d 9 ! tangle ( re$s1 m>% lily1 & knott$ night%ade by ! riv] side3 b ,pan is also ! wood1 ) all its sights & noises1 ! solitude1 ! gloom1 ! inf9ity ( ru/l+ leaves1 & crack+ bran*es2 he is ! gre5i%-yell[ light /eal+ 9 amid ! b\ghs2 he is ! breeze 9 ! foliage1 ! murmur ( unse5 wat]s1 ! mi/ hang+ ov] ! damp sw>d1 ! f]ns & grasses :i* entangle ! feet1 & ! bri>s :i* cat* 9 ! hair & g>m5ts are 8 grasp2 & ! w&]] da%es ?r\gh ! ?ickets ) a sick5+ fe> 9 8 he>t1 & s9ks d[n on ! outskirts ( ! =e/1 gasp+1 ) sweat-clott$ hair1 ov]come by ?is glimpse ( ! great god4 ,9 ?is con/ant r5ewal ( ! impressions on ! fancy1 9 ?is unceas+ %ap+ & re%ap+ ( its creations1 consi/$ ! vitality ( ! my?s ( paganism1 f ! scor*+ & pe/il5ce-be>+ gods ( ,india to ! div9ities %ap$ out ( tempe/ & sn[drift ( ,sc&9avia2 !y 7 con/antly issu+ out ( ! elem5ts1 r5ew$1 *ang$1 ev] "y1 "u ! exorcism n only ( ! prie/ & ( ! poet1 b ( ! village boor2 & on ?is unceas+ r5ovation dep5d$ ! sway :i* !y ma9ta9$1 )\t e?ical importance to help !m1 despite philosophy & ,*ri/ianity4 ,*ri/ianity1 born 9 an age ( speculation & eclecticism1 remov$ its div9ities1 its my/ic figures1 out ( ! cosmic surr\nd+s ( paganism2 x =bade ! imag9ation to t\* or alt] !m1 x regul>is$1 def9$1 expla9$1 plac$ ! ,savi\r1 ! ,virg91 ! sa9ts & angels1 into a k9d ( sup]s5su\s _w ( logic1 logic adapt$ to ,heav51 & diff]5t !re=e f ! logic ( e>?1 b logic none ! less4 ,*ri/ianity end[$ !m ) c]ta9 def9ite attributes1 n to be f\nd among mortals1 b analog\s 9 a mann] to mortal attributes2 ! ,*ri/ian sup]natural sy/em belongs ma9ly to ! category ( mi/ak5 sci5tific sy/ems2 its peculi>ities are due1 n to ov]wr\ght fancy1 b to ov]tax$ reason4 ,?us ! g5u9e sup]natural 0 well-nigh bani%$ by (ficial ,*ri/ianity1 regulat$ z x 0 by a sort ( congress ( m5 ( sci5ce1 :o elim9at$1 to ! be/ ( _! p[]s1 any vag>ies ( ! imag9ation :i* might %[ !mselves 9 _! my/ico-logic sy/em4 ,b ! imag9ation did "w nev]!less1 & ! sup]natural did reappe>1 bo? )9 & )\t ! ,*ri/ian sy/em ( my?ology4 ,! ,heav5 ( !ology 0 too e?ical1 too logical1 too positive1 too sci5tific1 9 accordance ) ! sci5ce ( ! ,middle ,ages1 = ! m9ds ( humanity at l>ge2 ! s*ol>s & le>n$ cl]gy might /udy & exp\nd x1 b x 0 insuffici5t = ! ignorant4 ,! imag9ation reappe>$ once m4 ,to ! monk arose out ( ! sil5ce & gloom ( ! damp1 li*5-gr[n crypt1 out ( ! foetid emanations ( ! *>nal-h\se1 /range =ms ( horror :i* lurk$ 9 8 /eps & haunt$ 8 sleep aft] fa/+ & sc\rg+ & vigils2 devils & imps horrible & obsc5e1 :i* ! *isel ( ! /onecutt] va9ly attempt$ to reproduce1 9 _! fluctuat+ abom9ation1 on ! capitals & g>goyles ( cloi/] & ca!dral4 ,to ! artisan1 ! weav] p5t up 9 "s d>k cell> into :i* ! daylight /ole grey & fa9t f ! n>r[ /rip ( blue sky betwe5 ! ov]hang+ eaves1 = him1 ! hungry & toil-worn & we>y ( s\l1 !re arose out ( ! hum ( ! /reet above1 out ( ! half-lit du/1 ! w9t] damp & summ] suffocation ( ! und]gr\nd work%op1 visions & s\nds ( sweetness & glory1 mi/y clu/]s ( :ite-rob$ angels %$d+ radiance ar\nd !m1 sway+ 9 my/ic l9k$ dances1 m+l+ ) ! sordid noises ( toil s]aphic h>monies1 n[ ne>1 n[ dy+ away into di/ance1 voices s++ ( ! sun%9e & fl[]s ( ,p>adise4 ,& = o!rs1 = ! lean & tatt]$ peasant1 ) ! dull1 apa!tic resignation ( ! />v$ & goad$ ox or horse1 sleep+ on ! damp clay ( 8 hut & eat+ /range fl\rless bread1 & /rang] c>rion fle%1 !re came a _w ( ! sup]natural1 diff]5t f t ( ! monk or ! artisan1 at once t]rify+ & consol+2 ! div9ities ca/ out by ,*ri/ianity1 ! div9ities = ev] newly begott5 by nature1 b begott5 ( a nature mis]ably *ang$1 born 9 exile & obloquy & p]secution1 fo/]$ by ! wret*$ & ! brutifi$2 diff]+ f ! gods ( antiquity z ! desolate hea?1 b>r5 ( all save /ones & prickly furze & ?i/le1 diff]s f ! f]tile pa/ure-l&2 z ! =e/s plant$ ov] ! cornfield1 :5ce issue wolves1 & ! ,b>on's h>ve/-trampl+ horses1 diff] f ! =e/s :i* gave _! oaks & p9es to ,tyrian %ips2 div9ities w>p$1 & crippl$1 gr[n hide\s & malignant & unhappy 9 ! lik5ess ( _! mis]able vot>ies4 ,?is is ! real sup]natural1 born ( ! imag9ation & its surr\nd+s1 ! vital1 ! fluctuat+1 ! pot5t2 & x is ?is :i* ! arti/ ( e age1 f ,phidias to ,giotto1 f ,giotto to ,blake1 has be5 call$ ^u to make kn[n to ! multitude4 ,& !re _h be5 arti/ic "w go+ on unnotic$ long be=e ! "t ( any pa9t] or sculptor or poet ( :om we h any record2 mank9d long$ f ! fir/ to embody1 to fix its visions ( wond]1 x set to "w ) r\gh unskilful f+]s m\ld+ into %ape its div9ities4 ,rude "w1 ugly1 b>b>\s1 blund]+ scrat*+s on walls1 knead$ clay vessels1 not*$ /icks1 nons5se rhymes2 b "w nev]!less :i* already %[$ t art & ! sup]natural 7 at v>iance1 ! beak$ & claw$ figures outl9$ on ! wall 7 compromises betwe5 ! man & ! bea/1 b def9ite compromises1 s mu* & no m ( ! man1 s mu* & no m ( ! bea/2 ! goddess on ! clay vessels became a m]e little owl2 ! div9ities ev5 9 ! nons5se v]ses 7 pres5t$ n[ z v di/9ct c[s1 n[ z v di/9ct cl\ds1 or v di/9ct m5 & wom52 ! vague1 fluctuat+ impressions oscillat+ be=e ! imag9ation l ! col\rs ( a dove's w+1 or ! patt]n ( a %ot silk1 int]wov51 un/eady1 nev] completely unit$ into "o1 nev] completely sep>at$ into sev]al1 7 rudely seiz$1 dis5tangl$ by art2 "p 0 tak51 "p ?r[n aside2 :at rema9$ 0 homog5e\s1 def9ite1 un*ang+2 x 0 :at x 0 & c\ld nev] be aught else4 ,goe! has rem>k$1 ) a subjective simplicity ( irrev]5ce :i* is almo/ comical1 t z ,god creat$ man 9 8 image1 x 0 only fair t man1 9 8 turn1 %\ld create ,god 9 8 image4 ,b ! decay ( pagan belief 0 n1 z ,hegel imag9es1 due to ! fact t ,hell5ic art 0 an?ropomorphic4 ,! gods ceas$ to be gods n m]ely because !y became too l m51 b because !y became too l any?+ def9ite4 ,if ! ibis on ! amulet1 or ! owl on ! t]ra-cotta1 repres5ts a m vital belief 9 ! gods ?an does ! ,v5us ( ,milo or ! ,giu/9iani ,m9]va1 x is n because ! idea ( div9ity is m compatible ) an ugly bird ?an ) a beautiful woman1 b because :]eas ! beautiful woman1 exquisitely wr\ght by a consummate sculptor1 occupi$ ! m9d ( ! arti/ & ( ! behold] ) ! idea ( h] beauty1 to ! exclusion ( all else1 ! rudely-engrav5 ibis1 or ! badly-modell$ owlet1 on ! o!r h&1 s]v$ m]ely z a symbol1 z ! recall] ( an idea2 ! m9d did n pause 9 contemplation ( ! bird1 b w&]$ (f 9 se>* ( ! god3 ! goggle eyes ( ! owl & ! beak ( ! ibis 7 soon =gott5 9 ! contemplation ( ! vague1 ev] transmut$ visions ( ph5om5a ( sky & light1 ( semi-human & semi-be/ial %apes1 ( confus$ half-embodi$ =ces2 9 %ort1 ( ! sup]natural4 ,b ! human %ape did mo/ mis*ief to ! sup]natural1 m]ely because ! human %ape 0 ! mo/ absolute1 ! mo/ di/9ct ( all %apes3 a god might be symbolis$ z a bea/1 b he c\ld only be p\rtray$ z a man2 & if ! portrait 0 correct1 !n ! god 0 a man1 & no?+ m4 ,ev5 ! mo/ fanta/ic among pagan sup]natural creatures1 ^? /range mon/]s :o longe/ kept _! orig9al dual nature--! c5taurs1 satyrs1 & tritons--became1 b5ea? ! *isel ( ! arti/1 m]e ab]rations f ! normal1 r>e1 & curi\s types l c]ta9 fair-boo? ph5om5a1 b p]fectly intelligible & rational2 ! v ,*imra1 %e :o 0 to give h] "n to e sort ( un9telligible fancy1 became1 9 ! bas-reliefs ( ! /ory ( ,bell]ophon a m]e s+ul> mixture betwe5 a lion1 a dog1 & a bird--a cross-bre$ :i* happ5s n to be possible1 b :i* an anci5t might well h conceiv$ z adorn+ "s di/ant zoological collection4 ,h[ mu* m rationalis$ 7 n ! div9ities 9 :om only a peculi> %ape ( ! eye1 a c]ta9 /ructure ( ! leg1 or a def9ite fa%ion ( we>+ ! hair rema9$ ( _! =m] nature4 ,le>n$ m51 inde$1 tell u t we ne$ only glance at ,h]a to see t %e is at bottom a c[2 at ,apollo1 to recognise t he is b a /ag 9 human %ape3 or at ,zeus1 to recognise t he is1 9 po9t ( fact1 a lion4 ,yet x rema9s true t we ne$ only walk d[n ! ne>e/ /reet to meet t5 ord9>y m5 & wom5 :o look m l v>i\s animals ?an d any antique div9ities1 & :o c yet nev] be said to be 9 reality c[s1 /ags1 or lions4 ,! same applies to ! viol5t ef=ts :i* are con/antly be+ made to %[ 9 ! ,greek & ,lat9 poets a di/9ct recollection ( ! cosmic nature ( ! gods1 con/ru+ ! v human movem5ts1 looks1 & dress ( div9ities into meteorological ph5om5a1 z has be5 done ev5 by ,mr4 ,rusk91 9 8 ,que5 ( ! ,air1 despite 8 arti/'s s5se1 :i* %\ld h w>n$ him t no arti/ic figure1 l ,hom]'s div9ities1 c possibly be at ! same "t a woman & a :irlw9d4 ,! gods did orig9ally p>take ( ! "* ( cosmic ph5om5a1 z !y p>took ( ! *>act]s ( bea/s & birds1 & ( e o!r species ( trans=mation1 su* z we may wat* 9 dreams2 b z soon z !y 7 arti/ically embodi$1 ?is trans=mation ceas$1 ! nature _h to be specifi$ 9 proportion z ! =m became di/9ct2 & ! drap]y ( ,pallas1 al?\gh x _h inh]it$ its purple t9t f ! /orm-cl\d1 0 none ! less1 :5 x clad ! %\ld]s ( ! goddess1 n a /orm-cl\d1 b a piece ( purple l954 ,:at d y want ( me8 asks ! arti/4 ,a god1 answ]s ! believ]4 ,:at is y\r god to be l8 asks ! arti/4 ,my god is to be a v h&some w>rior1 a s]5e heav51 :i* is occasionally ov]ca/ ) cl\ds1 :i* cl\ds are sometimes v b5eficial1 & become 7& s does ! god at ^? mom5ts7 heavy-udd]$ c[s2 at o!rs1 !y are d>k1 & cause annoyance1 & !n !y capture ! god1 :o is ! light 7b he is also ! cl\ds1 rememb]71 & lock him up 9 a t[]1 & !n he frees himself1 & he is a neigh+ horse1 & he is sitt+ on ! pranc+ horse 7:i* is himself1 y "k1 & is ! sky too71 9 ! %ape ( two w>riors1 & also---- ,may ,c]b]us dev\r y6 cries ! arti/4 ,h[ c ,i repres5t all ?is8 ,d y want a w>rior1 or a c[1 or ! heav5s1 or a horse1 or d y want a w>rior ) ! ho(s ( a horse & ! horns ( a c[8 ,expla91 =1 by ,juno1 ,i c give y only "o ( ^! at a "t4 ,?us1 9 proportion z ! gods 7 subject$ to arti/ic manipulation1 :e!r by sculptor or poet1 !y lo/ _! sup]natural p[]s4 ,a p]iod !re d\btless 0 :5 ! gods /ood out q di/9ct f nature1 & yet rema9$ connect$ ) x1 z ! figures ( a high relief /& out f ! backgr\nd2 b gradually !y 7 fre$ f ! *aos ( impressions :i* _h giv5 !m bir?1 & !n1 little by little1 !y ceas$ to be gods2 !y 7 isolat$ f ! _w ( ! wond]ful1 !y 7 respectfully %elv$ (f into ! region ( ! ideal1 :]e !y 7 contemplat$1 admir$1 discuss$1 b n wor%ipp$ ev5 l _! /atues by ,praxiteles & _! pictures by ,p>rhasius4 ,! div9ities :o cont9u$ to be rev]5c$ 7 ! ru/ic div9ities & ! =eign gods & goddesses2 ! div9ities :i* _h be5 safe f ! arti/ic desecration ( ! cities1 & ! div9ities :i* 7 import$ f hi]atic1 un>ti/ic c\ntries l ,egypt & ,syria2 on ! "o h&1 ! gods %ap$ ) ! prun+-knife out ( figwood1 & /a9$ ) o*re or w9e-lees1 grotesque mannik9s1 /&+ l sc>ecr[s1 9 or*>d or corn-field1 to :i* ! peasants cr[d$ 9 dev\t procession1 lead+ _! cleanly-dress$ little ones1 & c>ry+ gifts ( fruit & milk1 :ile ! li/less ,tibullus1 fre% f sceptical ,rome1 look$ on f 8 door/ep1 a vague1 *ildi% v5]ation /eal+ ov] 8 m9d2 on ! o!r h&1 ! mon/r\s goddesses1 hundr$-brea/$ or ibis-head$1 half hidd5 9 ! ,syrian & ,egyptian temples1 surr\nd$ by my/]i\s prie/s1 sw>?y or effem9ate1 9 mitres & tawny robes1 jangl+ _! si/ra & cla%+ _! cymbals1 mov+ 9 my/ic or fr5zi$ dances1 weird1 obsc5e1 & une>?ly1 to ! melan*oly drone ( ,phrygian or ,egyptian music1 s5d+ a %udd] ?r\gh ! a!i/ ,catullus1 & fill+ 8 m9d ) gha/ly visions ( victims ( ! great goddess1 ble$+1 fa9t+1 la%$ on to madness by ! wra? ( ! t]rible div9ity4 ,^! 7 ! la/ survivors ( paganism1 & to _! protection clung ! old gods ( ,greece & ,rome1 r$uc$ to human level by art1 /ripp$ nak$ by sculptor & poet & muffl+ !mselves 9 ! homely or b>b>ic g>m5ts ( l[-born or outl&i% usurp]s2 art _h be5 a worse enemy ?an scepticism3 ,apelles & ,scopas _h done m mis*ief ?an ,epicurus4 ,*ri/ian art 01 p]haps1 m rev]5t 9 int5tion1 b n less desecrat+ 9 practice2 ev5 ! ,giottesques turn$ ,*ri/1 ! ,virg91 & ! ,sa9ts1 into m]e ,flor5t9e m5 & wom52 ev5 ,angelico himself1 al?\gh a sa9t1 0 unable to %[ ,p>adise except z a fl[]y mead[1 "u a highly gild$ sky1 ?r\gh :i* mov$ ladies & y\?s 9 mo/ arti/ic b mo/ e>?ly embroid]$ g>m5ts2 & ,hell except z a v hot place :]e m5 & wom5 7 be+ boil$ & broil$ & bak$ & fri$ & roa/$ by v comic little weasel-sn\t$ fi5ds1 :i* on a c>nival c> w\ld h made ,flor5t9es ro> ) laught]4 ,! real sup]natural 0 9 ! cells ( fev]-/rick51 />v$ vision>ies2 x 0 9 ! contagi\s awe ( ! cr[d s9k+ d[n at ! sight ( ! /a9$ napk9 ( ,bols5a2 9 t soil$ piece ( l95 0 ,*ri/1 & ,god1 & ,p>adise2 9 t & n 9 ! panels ( ,angelico & ,p]ug9o1 or 9 ! frescoes ( ,signorelli & ,filipp9o4 ,:y8 ,because ! sup]natural is no?+ b ev]-r5ew$ impressions1 ev]-%ift+ fancies2 & t art is ! def9]1 ! embodi]1 ! analytic & syn!tic =ce ( =m4 ,e arti/ic embodim5t ( impressions or fancies implies isolation ( ^? impressions or fancies1 selection1 comb9ation & balanc+ ( !m2 t is to say1 dim9ution--nay1 de/ruction ( _! inh]5t p[]4 ,z1 9 ord] to be m\ld$1 ! clay mu/ be sep>at$ f ! m\nd2 z1 9 ord] to be c>v$1 ! wood mu/ be cut (f f ! tree2 z1 9 ord] to be re-%ap$ by art1 ! mass ( atoms mu/ be rudely sev]$2 s also ! m5tal elem5ts ( art1 ! mood1 ! fancy mu/ be sev]$ f ! prec$+ & succe$+ moods or fancies2 arti/ic manipulation requires t its intellectual1 l its tangible mat]ials1 cease to be vital1 b ! mat]ials1 m5tal or physical1 are n only depriv$ ( vitality & p[] ( self-alt]ation2 !y are comb9$ 9 giv5 proportions1 ! action ( ! "o on ! o!r de/roys 9 great "p ! special p[] ( ea*2 art is proportion1 & proportion is re/riction4 ,la/ ( all1 b mo/ important1 ^! isolat$1 no long] vital mat]ials1 neutralis$ by ea* o!r1 are fur!r r$uc$ to insignificance by becom+ p>ts ( a :ole conception2 _! sep>ate mean+ is effac$ by ! g5]al mean+ ( ! "w ( art2 art bottles lightn+ to use x z :ite col\r1 & measures out ?und] by ! beat ( ! *apel-ma/]'s roll ( notes4 ,b art does n m]ely re/rict impressions & fancies )9 ! limits ( =m2 9 its days ( maturity & indep5d5ce x re/ricts yet clos] )9 ! limits ( beauty4 ,p>tially develop$ art1 /ill unconsci\s ( its p[]s & aims1 /ill 9 *ildi% submission to religion1 sets to "w consci5ti\sly1 ) no o!r object ?an to embody ! sup]natural2 if ! sup]natural suff]s 9 ! act ( embodim5t1 if ! fluctuat+ fancies :i* are ,zeus or ,pallas are limit$ & curtail$1 r5d]$ logical & prosaic ev5 9 ! wood5 pre-hi/oric idol or ! r\ghly knead$ clay owlet1 x is by no *oice ( ! arti/--8 attempt is abortive1 because x is ?w>t$ by ! v nature ( 8 art4 ,b :5 art is mature1 ?+s are diff]5t2 ! arti/1 consci\s ( 8 p[]s1 in/9ctively recognis+ ! futility ( aim+ at ! embodim5t ( ! sup]natural1 dragg$ by an irresi/ible long+ to ! display ( 8 skill1 to ! imitation ( ! exi/+ & to ! creation ( beauty1 ceases to /ra9 aft] ! impossible & refuses to attempt any?+ beyond ! possible4 ,! art1 :i* 0 be=e a m]e insuffici5t means1 is n[ an all-engross+ aim2 unconsci\sly1 p]haps1 to himself1 ! arti/ reg>ds ! subject m]ely z a pretext = ! treatm5t2 & :]e ! subject is oppos$ to su* treatm5t z he desires1 he sacrifices x4 ,he may be q z consci5ti\s z 8 e>lie/ pr$ecessor1 b 8 consci5ce has become an arti/ic consci5ce1 he sees only z mu* z is )9 art's limits2 ! gods1 or ! sa9ts1 :i* 7 cl\dy & sup]natural to ! arti/ ( immature art1 are def9ite & arti/ic to ! arti/ ( mature art2 he c ?9k1 imag9e1 feel only 9 a giv5 mann]2 8 religi\s conceptions h tak5 ! %ape ( 8 arti/ic creations2 art has de/roy$ ! sup]natural1 & ! arti/ has swall[$ up ! believ]4 ,! attempts at sup]natural effects are almo/ always limit$ to a sort ( symbolical abbreviation1 :i* satisfies ! arti/ & 8 public respect+ ! subject ( ! "w1 & l5ds x a traditional association ( ! sup]natural2 a few spikes r\nd ! head ( a "y man are all t rema9s ( ! sol> nature ( ,apollo2 ! little budd+ horns & po9t$ e>s ( ! satyr mu/ suffice to recall t he 0 once a my/ic fusion ( man & bea/ & =e/2 a gild$ disc beh9d ! head is all t %[s t ,giotto's figures are immortals 9 glory2 & a pair ( w+s is all t expla9s t ,p]ug9o's ,/4 ,mi*ael is n a m]e da9ty mortal w>rior2 ! highe/ my/]ies ( ,*ri/ianity are despat*$ ) a triangle & an op5 book1 to draw :i* ,raphael might employ 8 col\r-gr9d]1 :ile he himself drew ! f9ely-drap$ bak]'s daught] f ,tra/ev]e4 ,9 all ^! cases ! arti/ refus$ to grapple ) ! sup]natural1 & dismiss$ x ) a m]e /]eotyp$ symbol1 n m arti/ic ?an ! names :i* he might h engrav$ b5ea? ea* figure4 ,religi\s associations 7 ?us awak5$ )\t ! arti/1 :e!r ( ! "t ( ,p]icles or ( ! "t ( ,leo ,x41 giv+ himself fur!r tr\ble2 ! diffusion ( religi\s ideas & feel+ sp>$ art f be+ religi\s4 ,let u1 !re=e1 9 ord] to judge fairly ( :at art c or _c d = ! sup]natural1 seek = "o ( ! v r>e in/ances 9 :i* ! arti/ has _h no symbolical abbreviations at 8 disposal1 & has be5 oblig$1 if he w\ld awak5 any idea 9 ! m9d ( ! spectator1 to d s by means ( 8 arti/ic creations4 ,! numb] ( su* exceptional in/ances is extremely limit$ 9 ! great art ( antiquity & ! ,r5aissance1 :5 arti/ic subjects 7 almo/ always traditionally religi\s or pla9ly reali/ic1 & consequ5tly intelligible at fir/ sight4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 an example1 & t example is a ma/]piece4 ,x is ! engrav+ by ,ago/9o ,v5eziano1 aft] a lo/ draw+ by ,raphael1 g5]ally call$ ,lo ,/regozzo1 & repres5t+ a wit* go+ to ! ,sabba?4 ,?r\gh a swampy c\ntry1 amid/ rank & b>r5 vegetation1 sweeps ! triumphal procession--/range1 beautiful1 & gha/ly2 a nak$ boy da%es headlong 9 front1 be/rid+ a long-hair$ he-goat1 & bl[+ a horn1 little /ol5 *ildr5 pack$ beh9d on 8 saddle2 on he da%es1 across ! tufts ( m>%-lily & bulru%1 across ! /agnant-pools ( wat]1 cle>+ ! way & ann\nc+ 8 mi/ress ! wit*4 ,%e ?rones1 old1 p>*$1 lank1 high on ! top ( an une>?ly c>1 made ( ! sp9e & ribs ( "s ant$iluvian creature1 ) spr+s & traces ( gha/ly jaw & coll> & ?igh bones1 support$ on ei!r side by gallop+ skeletons1 skeletons made up ( skeletons1 ( all t is /range/ 9 ! bones & beaks ( bea/s & birds1 on :i* ride "y fauns & satyrs4 ,to h] *>iot1 by a yoke ( human bones1 are h>ness$ two /alw>t nak$ y\?s1 & two o!rs su/a9 its pl\gh-l end2 gr&1 magnific5tly mov+ figures1 b\nd+ =w>d l wild horses1 ! une>?ly c>riage sw++ & creak+ z !y g4 ,&1 z !y g1 bru%+ ?r\gh ! high1 dry1 m>emma-grass1 ! wit* c[]s on h] *>iot1 clut*+ 9 "o h& a heap ( babies1 9 ! o!r a vessel fill$ ) fire1 ^: smoke1 m+l+ ) h] long1 di%evell$ hair1 floats beh9d1 sweep+ ?r\gh ! rank vegetation1 curl+ & eddy+ into vague1 /range semblances ( lions1 apes1 *imras4 ,=w>d da%es ! outrunn] on 8 goat1 onw>d b\nd ! nak$ litt]-be>]s2 up gallop ! fauns & satyrs on ! fle%less1 mon/r\s c>cases2 up & d[n sways ! creak+1 crack+ *>iot ( bones2 "o mom5t m1 & ! wild1 spl5did1 hide\s triumph w h swept out ( sight1 leav+ beh9d only trampl$ m>%-plants & a trail ( fanta/ic1 lurid smoke among ! ruffl$1 moan+ re$s & grasses4 ,su* is ,raphael's ,/regozzo4 ,x is a ma/]-piece ( draw+ & ( pictorial fancy1 x is p]haps ! highe/ a*ievem5t ( great art 9 ! direction ( ! sup]natural3 = ,dr] is (t5 hide\s1 ,rembr&t always obscure1 & ! mod]ns1 l ,blake & ,dor1 di/9ctly run c\nt] to ! ess5tial nature ( art 9 _! attempts aft] vagu5ess4 ,:5 once told ! subject ( ! pr9t1 by ,ago/9o ,v5eziano1 our imag9ation easily flies (f on to ! track ( ! sup]natural2 b1 9 s do+1 x leaves ! "w beh9d1 & on return to x we exp]i5ce a return to ! natural4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 we are n told ! subject ( ! pr9t1 we v possibly see no?+ sup]natural 9 x3 !re are spl5did figures wor?y ( ,mi*ael ,angelo1 & grotesque fancies1 9 ! %ape ( ! skeletons & coa* ( bones1 wor?y ( ,leon>do2 z a :ole1 ! pr9t is /rik+1 beautiful1 & problematic1 b x falls %ort ( ! effect :i* w\ld be produc$ by ! m]e words a wit* rid+ ?r\gh a m>% on a *>iot ( bones1 if left to ins9uate !mselves into ! imag9ation4 ,( ! really sup]natural1 !re is 9 x b "o t\*3 & t 9 ! only "p ( ! draw+ :i* is left vague2 x is ! confus$ %apes assum$ by ! eddy+ smoke among ! ru%es4 ,all ! re/ is outside ! region ( ! sup]natural3 x is problematic 9 subject1 b cle>1 h>moni\s1 & beautiful 9 treatm5t2 ! imag9ation may w&] (f f x1 b 9 its pres5ce x mu/ rema9 passive4 ,) ?is ma/]piece we w\ld fa9 comp>e a picture :i* seems to deal ) a cognate subject2 a picture z sugge/ive z x is absolutely arti/ically wor?less4 ,we saw x once1 _m ye>s ago1 among a heap ( rubbi%y smudges at a picture-deal]'s 9 ,rome1 & we h nev] =gott5 x--a picture pa9t$ by "s ,g]man sme>] ( ! e>ly sixte5? c5tury2 v ugly1 /upid1 & unattractive2 ill drawn1 ill compos$1 ( a uni=m h>d1 vulg> br[n4 ,x repres5t$1 ) no attempt at p]spective1 a level c\ntry spread out l a map1 dott$ "h & !re ) little spir$ & turrett$ t[ns1 also a ca/le or two1 a few trees & "s riv]s1 dispos$ ) a *ild's satisfaction ) _! m]e indication1 z mu* z to say--"h is a t[n1 !re is a ca/le4 ,"s peasants 7 repres5t$ work+ 9 ! fields1 a little tra9 ( horsem5 com+ out ( a ca/le1 & ne> "o ( ! *ess-bo>d ca/les a grass plot ) half-a-doz5 lit /akes1 to :i* t9y figures 7 c>ry+ faggots1 :ile m5-at-arms & burgh]s1 no bigg] ?an flies1 look$ on4 ,9 ! =egr\nd ( ! great flat expanse lay a boor1 a fell[ dress$ l a field-lab\r]1 9 heavy sleep on ! gr\nd4 ,r\nd him on ! grass 7 m>k$ curi\s circles1 & 9 !m 0 mov+ a /range figure1 9 cloak & helmet1 ) claw$ w+s & horns1 le]+ horridly1 mov+ r\nd on tiptoe1 8 arms out/ret*$1 z if gradually encircl+ ! sleep] 9 ord] to p\nce ^u him2 despite ! complete abs5ce ( arti/ic skill1 ! gradual inevitable approa* ( ! demon1 ! irresi/ible network ( circles ) :i* he 0 surr\nd+ 8 prey1 0 p]fectly indicat$4 ,above1 9 ! sky1 two figures1 half demon1 half dragon1 float$ leisurely1 l a moor$ boat1 z if a gu>d ( ! devil bel[4 ,:at is ! exact subject ( ?is picture8 ,no "o c tell2 b its mean+ is int5se = ! imag9ation1 x has ! frightful sugge/iv5ess ( "s old book on wit*craft1 prosaic & curt2 ( a page op5$ at r&om ( ,spr5g]'s ,malleus ,malific>um4 ,yes2 ov] ! pla91 ! t[ns1 & ca/les1 monoton\s & dull1 ! fi5ds are hov]+2 ev5 ov] ! /akes :]e _! vot>ies are be+ burnt2 & see1 ! peasant asleep 9 ! field1 ) 8 spade & hoe beside him1 is be+ surr\nd$ by magic circles1 by ! invisible nets ( ! demon1 :o pr[ls r\nd him l a kite ready to p\nce on to its qu>ry4 ,:y is !re no ne$ to write ! ^w wit*craft b5ea? ?is picture8 ,:y c ?is nameless sme>] succe$ :]e ,raphael has fail$8 ,because he is cont5t to sugge/ to ! imag9ation1 & lets x create = itself its _w ( ! sup]natural2 because he is n an arti/1 & because ,raphael is2 because he sugge/s ev]y?+ & %[s no?+1 :ile ,raphael creates1 def9es1 p]fects1 gives =m to t :i* is by its nature =mless4 ,if we w\ld br+ home to ourselves ?is action ( art on ! sup]natural1 we mu/ exam9e ! only species ( sup]natural :i* /ill reta9s vitality1 & c /ill be depriv$ ( x by art4 ,t :i* rema9s to u ( ! imag9ative work+s ( ! pa/ is traditional & well-nigh effete3 we h poems & pictures1 ,v$ic hymns1 ,hebrew psalms1 & ,egyptian symbols2 we h folklore & dogma2 remnants ( ! sup]natural1 "s labell$ 9 our hi/oric museums1 :]e !y are scrut9is$1 catalogue & eye-glass 9 h&2 o!rs du/y on alt>s & 9 *apels1 be=e :i* we uncov] our heads & ca/ d[n our eyes3 relics ( dead & dy+ fai?s1 ( :i* "s are daily be+ transf]r$ f ! *ur* to ! museum2 art _c deprive any ( ^! ( t imag9ative life & p[] :i* !y h long ceas$ to possess4 ,we h =ms ( ! sup]natural 9 :i* we believe f acquiesc5ce ( habit1 b !y are n vital2 we h a =m ( ! sup]natural 9 :i*1 f logic & habit1 we disbelieve1 b :i* is vital2 & ?is =m ( ! sup]natural is ! gho/ly4 ,we none ( u believe 9 gho/s z logical possibilities1 b we mo/ ( u conceive !m z imag9ative probabilities2 we c /ill feel ! gho/ly1 & !nce x is t a gho/ is ! only ?+ :i* c 9 any respect replace = u ! div9ities ( old1 & enable u to und]/&1 if only = a m9ute1 ! imag9ative p[] :i* !y possess$1 & ( :i* !y 7 despoil$ n only by logic1 b by art4 ,by gho/ we d n mean ! vulg> app>ition :i* is se5 or he>d 9 told or writt5 tales2 we mean ! gho/ :i* sl[ly rises up 9 our m9d1 ! haunt] n ( corridors & /aircases1 b ( our fancies4 ,j z ! gods ( primitive religions 7 ! undulat+1 bright heat :i* made mid-day solit>y & solemn z midnight2 ! w>m damp1 ! sap-ris] & exp&] ( life2 ! sad dy+ away ( ! summ]1 & ! lead51 suicidal /]ility ( w9t]2 s ! gho/1 _! only mod]n equival5t1 is ! damp1 ! d>kness1 ! sil5ce1 ! solitude2 a gho/ is ! s\nd ( our /eps ?r\gh a ru9$ cloi/]1 :]e ! ivy-b]ries & convolvulus gr[+ 9 ! fissures sway up & d[n among ! sculptur$ foliage ( ! w9d[s1 x is ! sc5t ( m\ld]+ pla/] & m\ld]+ bones f b5ea? ! brok5 pavem5t2 a gho/ is ! bright moonlight aga9/ :i* ! cypresses /& out l black he>se-plumes1 9 :i* ! bla/$ grey olives & ! gn>l$ fig-trees /ret* _! bran*es ov] ! brok5 walls l fanta/ic1 knott$1 beckon+ f+]s1 & ! ab&on$ villas on ! outskirts ( ,italian t[ns1 ) ! birds fly+ 9 & out ( ! unglaz$ w9d[s1 loom =? :ite & gha/ly2 a gho/ is ! long-clos$ room ( "o long dead1 ! fa9t smell ( )]$ fl[]s1 ! ru/le ( long-unmov$ curta9s1 ! yell[ pap] & fad$ ribbons ( long-unread lett]s 444 ea* & all ( ^! ?+s1 & a hundr$ o!rs besides1 accord+ to our nature1 is a gho/1 a vague feel+ we c sc>cely describe1 a some?+ pleas+ & t]rible :i* invades our :ole consci\sness1 & :i*1 confus$ly embodi$1 we half dread to see beh9d u1 we "k n 9 :at %ape1 if we look r\nd4 ,call we 9 our arti/1 or let u be our own arti/2 embody1 let u see or he> ?is gho/1 let x become visible or audible to o!rs besides ourselves2 pa9t u t vagu5ess1 m\ld into %ape t d>kness1 modulate into *ords t sil5ce--tell u ! "* & hi/ory ( ^? vague be+s 444 set to "w boldly or cunn+ly4 ,:at d we obta98 ,a picture1 a piece ( music1 a /ory2 b ! gho/ is gone4 ,9 its /ead we get (t5e/ ! m]e image ( a human be+2 call x a gho/ if y w1 x is none4 ,& ! m complete ! arti/ic "w1 ! less rema9s ( ! gho/4 ,:y d ^? /ories affect u mo/ 9 :i* ! gho/ is he>d b n se58 ,:y d ^? places affect u mo/ ( :i* we m]ely vaguely "k t !y are haunt$8 ,:y mo/ ( all ^? :i* look z if !y might be haunt$8 ,:y1 z soon z a figure is se51 is ! *>m half-lo/8 ,& :y1 ev5 :5 !re is a figure1 is x kept s vague & mi/-l8 ,w\ld y "k ,hamlet's fa!r = a gho/ unless he told y he 0 "o8 & c y rememb] x long :ile he speaks 9 mortal words8 & :at w\ld be ,hamlet's fa!r )\t ! t]race ( ,els9ore1 ! h\r1 & ! moonlight8 ,d n ^! embodi$ gho/s owe :at little effect !y /ill possess to _! surr\nd+s1 & are n ! surr\nd+s ! real gho/8 ,?r[ sun%9e on to !m1 & :at rema9s8 ,?us we h w&]$ ?r\gh ! realm ( ! sup]natural 9 a mann] nei!r logical nor bus9ess-l1 = logic & bus9ess-lik5ess are rude qualities1 & sc>e away ! gho/ly2 v f> away d we seem to h rambl$ f ,dr4 ,fau/us & ,hel5 ( ,sp>ta2 b 9 ?is labyr9? ( ! fanta/ic !re are sudd5 unexpect$ turns--& see1 "o ( ^! has sudd5ly br\ght u back into _! pres5ce4 ,= we h se5 :y ! sup]natural is always injur$ by arti/ic treatm5t1 :y !re=e ! confus$ images evok$ 9 our m9d by ! m]e ?readb>e tale ( ,fau/us & ,hel5a are sup]ior 9 imag9ative p[] to ! picture c>efully elaborat$ & %[n u by ,goe!4 ,we c n[ und]/& :y "u 8 h& ! inf9ite *>m ( ! weird meet+ ( antiquity & ! ,middle ,ages has evaporat$4 ,we c expla9 :y ! /range fancy ( ! classic ,walpurgis-night1 9 ! second "p ( ,fau/1 at once /imulates ! imag9ation & gives x no?+4 ,if we let our m9d dwell on t my/]i\s ,ph>salian pla91 ) its glimm]+ fires & flamelets alone break+ ! d>kness1 :]e ,fau/ & ,mephi/opheles w&]+ ab\t meet ! spectres ( antiquity1 %ad[y 9 ! gloom--! sph9xes cr\*+1 ! sir5s1 ! dryads & oreads1 ! griffons & cranes flapp+ _! unse5 w+s ov]head2 :]e ,fau/ spr+s on ! back ( ,*iron1 & z he is borne along sick5s = sudd5 joy :5 ! c5taur tells him t ,hel5 has be5 c>ri$ on t back1 has clasp$ t neck2 :5 we let our m9d "w on all ?is1 we are *>m$ by ! weird meet+s1 ! my/]i\s %apes :i* elb[ u2 b let u take up ! volume & we return to b>r5 prose1 )\t col\r or p]fume4 ,yet ,goe! felt ! sup]natural z we feel x1 z x c be felt only 9 days ( disbelief1 :5 ! m logical we become 9 our ideas1 ! m we view nature z a prosaic ma*9e con/ruct$ by no "o 9 p>ticul>1 ! m poignantly1 on ! o!r h&1 d we feel ! delight ( ! transi5t belief 9 ! vague & ! impossible2 ! great] ! di/9ctness ) :i* we see & und]/& all ar\nd u1 ! great] ! long+ = a mom5t>y half-light 9 :i* =ms may appe> /rang]1 gr&]1 vagu] ?an !y are4 ,we mod]ns seek 9 ! _w ( ! sup]natural a r5ewal ( ! delightful semi-obscurity ( vision & ke5ness ( fancy ( our *ildhood2 :5 a glimpse into fairyl& 0 /ill possible1 :5 ?+s appe>$ 9 false lights1 bright]1 m important1 m magnific5t ?an n[4 ,art inde$ c af=d u calm & cle> enjoym5t ( ! beautiful--enjoym5t s]i\s1 self-possess$1 wide-awake1 su* z befits mature intellects2 b no picture1 no symphony1 no poem1 c give u t delight1 t delusory1 imag9ative pleasure :i* we receiv$ z *ildr5 f a tawdry engrav+ or a hide\s doll2 = ar\nd t doll !re 0 an atmosph]e ( glory4 ,9 c]ta9 words1 9 c]ta9 sights1 9 c]ta9 snat*es ( melody1 words1 sights1 & s\nds :i* we n[ recognise z trivial1 commonplace1 & vulg>1 !re 0 an ineffable mean+2 !y 7 spells :i* op5$ doors into realms ( wond]2 !y 7 preci\s 9 proportion z !y 7 misappreciat$4 ,we n[ appreciate & despise2 we see1 we no long] imag9e4 ,& x is to replace ?is unc]ta9ty ( vision1 ?is lib]ty ( see+ 9 ?+s mu* m ?an !re is1 :i* belongs to man & to mank9d 9 ?is *ildhood1 :i* comp5sat$ ! ,middle ,ages = />vation & pe/il5ce1 & comp5sates ! *ild = bl[s & lessons1 x is to replace ?is t we crave aft] ! sup]natural1 ! gho/ly--no long] believ$1 b /ill felt4 ,x 0 f ?is sickness ( ! prosaic1 ?is turn+ away f logical c]ta9ty1 t ! m5 ( ! end ( ! eighte5? & ! beg9n+ ( ?is c5tury1 ! m5 :o _h f9ally de/roy$ belief 9 ! religi\s sup]natural1 :o 7 br++ light ) new sci5ces ( economy1 philology1 & hi/ory--,s*ill]1 ,goe!1 ,h]d]1 ,col]idge--left ! lecture-room & ! laboratory1 & set gravely to "w on gho/ly tales & ballads4 ,x 0 f ?is rebellion aga9/ ! tyranny ( ! possible t ,goe! 0 *>m$ ) t culm9ation ( all impossibilities1 t mo/ d>+ ( gho/ /ories1 ! /ory ( ,fau/us & ,hel5a4 ,he felt ! s$uction ( ! sup]natural1 he tri$ to embody x--& he fail$4 ,! case 0 diff]5t ) ,m>l[e4 ,! br++ toge!r ( ,fau/us & ,hel5a _h no special mean+ = ! man ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 too f> f antiquity & too ne> ! ,middle ,ages to p]ceive z we d ! /range diff]5ce betwe5 !m2 & ! sup]natural _h no fasc9ation 9 a "t :5 x 0 all p]meat+ & ev]y:]e mix$ ) prose4 ,! :ole play ( ,dr4 ,fau/us is conceiv$ 9 a ?or\ghly reali/ic fa%ion2 x is tragic1 b n gho/ly4 ,to ,m>l[e's audi5ce1 & probably to ,m>l[e himself1 despite 8 a!i/ic reputation1 ! /ory ( ,fau/us's wond]s & f9al damnation 0 q )9 ! realm ( ! possible2 ! int5sity ( ! belief 9 ! tale is %[n by ! total abs5ce ( any attempt to give x dignity or weirdness4 ,fau/us evokes ,lucif] ) a p$antic semi-biblical ,lat9 spee*2 he goes ab\t play+ ! mo/ trump]y conjuror's tricks--snat*+ ) invisible h&s ! food f p's lips1 clapp+ horns & tails on to c\rti]s = ! ,emp]or's amusem5t1 lett+ 8 legs be pull$ (f l boots1 sell+ wisps ( /raw z horses1 do+ & say+ ?+s :i* c\ld appe> tragic & important1 nay1 ev5 s]i\s1 only to p :o took e second cat = a wit*1 :o burn$ _! neighb\rs = vomit+ p9s1 :o suspect$ devils at e turn1 z ! great wit*-exp]t ,spr5g] %[s !m 9 8 horribly matt]-(-fact manual4 ,we mod]ns1 disbeliev+ 9 devilries1 w\ld require ! mo/ elaborately romantic & poetic accessories--a spl5did lurid back-gr\nd1 a magnific5t ,byronian invocation ( ! fi5d4 ,! ,mephi/ophilis ( ,m>l[e1 9 ^? days :5 devils /ill dwelt 9 p1 requir$ none ( ,goe!'s wit or poetry2 ! m]e fact ( 8 be+ a devil1 ) ! v real association ( flame & brim/one 9 ?is _w & ! next1 0 suffici5t to inspire int]e/ 9 him2 :]eas 9 #ahjj1 ) ,voltaire's novels & ,hume's treatises on ! table1 a dull devil 0 no m endurable ?an any o!r sort ( bore4 ,! v sup]iority ( ,m>l[e is due to ?is abs5ce ( weirdness1 to ?is complete realism2 ! la/ sc5e ( ! ,engli% play is inf9itely above ! end ( ! second "p ( ,fau/ 9 tragic gr&eur1 j because ,goe! made abortive attempts1 aft] a consci\s & artificial sup]natural1 :ile ,m>l[e 0 satisfi$ ) p]fect reality ( situation4 ,! position ( ,fau/us1 :5 ! ye>s ( 8 pact h expir$1 & he awaits midnight1 :i* w give him ov] to ,lucif]1 is z ?or\ghly natural 9 ! eyes ( ,m>l[e z is 9 ! eyes ( ,%elley ! position ( ,beatrice ,c5ci await+ ! mom5t ( execution4 ,! conv]sation betwe5 ,fau/us & ! s*ol>s1 aft] he has made 8 w1 is t]ribly life-l3 !y disbelieve at fir/1 pooh-pooh 8 dang]2 !n1 half-conv9c$1 beg t a prie/ may be fet*$2 b ,fau/us _c deal ) prie/s4 ,he bids !m1 9 agony1 g pray 9 ! next room4 ,aye1 pray = me1 pray = me1 & :at noise soev] y he>1 come n unto me1 = no?+ c save me4444 ,g5tlem51 f>ewell2 if ,i live till morn+1 ,i'll visit y2 if n1 ,fau/us is gone to hell4 ,fau/us rema9s alone = ! "o h\r :i* sep>ates him f 8 doom2 he clut*es at ! pass+ "t1 he cries to ! h\rs to /op ) no rhetorical figure ( spee*1 b ) a t]rible reality ( agony3 ,let ?is h\r be b ,a ye>1 a mon?1 a week1 a natural day1 ,t ,fau/us may rep5t & save 8 s\l4 ,"t to rep5t1 "t to recoil f ! horrible gulf into :i* he is be+ suck$2 ,*ri/1 w ,*ri/'s blood n save him8 ,he w\ld leap up to heav5 & cl+ fa/1 b ,lucif] drags him d[n4 ,he w\ld seek annihilation 9 nature1 be suck$ into its s5seless1 feel+less mass 444 &1 mean:ile1 ! "t is pass+1 ! int]val ( respite is %r9k+ & dw9dl+4 ,w\ld t he 7 a s\lless brute & might p]i%1 or t at lea/ et]nal hell 7 f9ite--a ?\s&1 a hundr$ ?\s& ye>s let him suff]1 b n = ev] & )\t end6 ,midnight beg9s /rik+4 ,) convulsive agony he exclaims z ! ra9 patt]s aga9/ ! w9d[3 ,o s\l1 be *ang$ into small wat]-drops1 ,& fall into ! ocean1 ne'er be f\nd4 ,b ! twelf? /roke s\nds2 ,lucif] & 8 crew ent]2 & :5 next morn+ ! /ud5ts1 fright5$ by ! horrible tempe/ & gha/ly noises ( ! night1 ent] 8 /udy1 !y f9d ,fau/us ly+ dead1 torn & mangl$ by ! demon4 ,all ?is is n sup]natural 9 our s5se2 su* sc5es z ?is 7 real = ,m>l[e & 8 audi5ce4 ,su* cases 7 surely n unfrequ5t2 m ?an "o man c]ta9ly wat*$ ?r\gh su* a night 9 hopeless agony1 consci\s1 l ,fau/us1 ( pact ) ! fi5d--await+1 ) e>? & heav5 %ut & bolt$ aga9/ him1 et]nal hell4 ,9 ?is /ory ( ,doctor ,fau/us1 :i*1 to ,m>l[e & 8 contempor>ies1 0 n a romance b a reality1 ! episode ( ! evok+ ( ,hel5 is extremely second>y 9 int]e/4 ,to raise a dead woman 0 n m wond]ful ?an to turn wisps ( /raw into horses1 & x 0 p]haps consid]$ ! easi] ( ! two miracles2 ! s5se ( ! ord9>y gho/ly is abs5t1 & ! s5se t ,hel5 is ! gho/ ( a :ole long-dead civilisation1 t s5se :i* is = u ! :ole *>m ( ! tale1 c\ld n exi/ 9 ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,goe!'s ,fau/ feels = ,hel5 z ,goe! himself might h felt1 z ,w9ckelmann felt = a lo/ antique /atue1 z ,s*ill] felt = ! dead ,olympus3 a passion int5sely imag9ative & poetic1 born ( deep appreciation ( antiquity1 ! ess5tially mod]n1 passionate1 no/algic crav+ = ! pa/4 ,9 ,m>l[e's play1 on ! contr>y1 ,fau/us & ! /ud5ts evoke ,hel5 f a confus$ p$antic impression t an anci5t lady mu/ be z mu* sup]ior to a mod]n lady z an anci5t poem1 be x ev5 by ,/atius or ,claudian1 mu/ be sup]ior to a mod]n poem--x is a humani/ic fancy ( ! days ( ! revival ( lett]s4 ,b1 by a /range ph5om5on1 ,m>l[e1 once realis+ :at ,hel5 means1 t %e is ! faire/ ( wom51 =gets ! s*ol>ly int]e/ 9 h]4 ,fau/us1 once 9 pres5ce ( ! wond]ful woman1 =gets t he _h summon$ h] up to gratify 8 & 8 fri5ds' p$antry2 he sees h]1 loves h]1 & bur/s out into ! spl5did tirade full ( passionate fancy3 ,0 ?is ! face t laun*$ a ?\s& %ips1 ,& burnt ! topless t[]s ( ,ilium8 ,sweet ,hel51 make me immortal ) a kiss6 ,h] lips suck =? my s\l6 ,see1 :]e x flies6 ,come1 ,hel51 come1 give me my s\l aga94 ,"h w ,i dwell1 = ,heav5 is 9 ^! lips1 ,& all is dross t is n ,hel5a4 ,i w be ,p>is1 & = love ( !e1 ,in/ead ( ,troy %all ,witt5b]g be sack$2 ,& ,i w combat ) weak ,m5elaus1 ,& we> ?y col\rs on my plum$ cre/2 ,yea1 ,i w w\nd ,a*illes 9 ! heel1 ,& !n return to ,hel5 = a kiss4 ,oh6 ?\ art fair] ?an ! ev5+ air ,clad 9 ! beauty ( a ?\s& />s2 ,bright] art ?\ ?an flam+ ,jupit] ,:5 he appe>$ to hapless ,semele2 ,m lovely ?an ! mon>* ( ! sky ,9 wanton ,are?usa's azure arms2 ,& none b ?\ %alt be my p>am\r4 ,?is is real passion = a real woman1 a woman v diff]5t f ! spl5did semi-vivifi$ /atue ( ,goe!1 ! ,hel5 ) only ! cold1 bloodless1 intellectual life :i* c\ld be infus$ by en?usia/ic /udies ( anci5t lit]ature & art1 gleam+ bright l m>ble or a spectre4 ,?is ,hel5a ( ,m>l[e is no antique2 ! ,elizabe?an dramati/1 l ! pa9t] ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 c\ld n conceive ! purely antique1 despite all ! translat+ ( anci5t writ]s1 & all ! draw+ f anci5t m>bles4 ,"o ( ! prose v]sions ( ! /ory ( ,fau/us1 conta9s a qua9t acc\nt ( ,hel51 :i* %$s mu* light on ,m>l[e's conception3 ,?is lady appe>$ be=e !m 9 a mo/ ri* g[ne ( purple velvet1 co/ly imbrod]$2 h] haire hang$ d[ne loose1 z faire z ! beat5 gold1 & ( su* l5g? t x rea*$ d[ne to h] hammes2 hav+ mo/ amor\s cole-black eyes1 a sweet & pleasant r\nd face1 ) lips z r$ z a *]ry2 h] *eeks ( a rose col\r1 h] m\? small1 h] neck :ite l a swan2 tall & sl5d] ( p]sonage2 9 summe1 !re 0 no imp]fect place 9 h]2 %e look$ ar\nd ab\t ) a roll+ hawk's eye1 a smil+ & wanton c\nt5ance1 :i* ne]eh& inflam$ ! he>ts ( all ! /ud5ts1 b t !y p]suad$ !mselves %e 0 a _s1 :i* make !m lightly passe away su* fancies4 ,?is fair dame 9 ! velvet embroid]$ g[n1 ) ! long1 hang+ hair1 ?is ,hel5 ( ! orig9al ,fau/us leg5d1 is antique only 9 "n2 %e belongs to ! race ( m$ival & mod]n wom5--! ,lauras1 ,fiammettas1 & ,simonettas ( ,petr>*1 ,boccaccio1 & ,lor5zo dei ,m$ici2 %e is ! si/] ( t slily s5tim5tal coquette1 ! ,monna ,lisa ( ,leon>do4 ,! /rong & simple wom5 ( ,hom]1 & ev5 ( ,euripides1 maje/ic & matronly ev5 9 %ame1 w\ld repudiate ?is sl5d]1 smil+1 ogl+ beauty2 ,briseis1 ?\gh ! captive ( ,a*illes' spe>1 w\ld turn ) scorn f h]4 ,! antique woman has a dignity due to h] v inf]iority & re/rict$ness ( position2 %e has ! simplicity1 ! complet5ess1 ! abs5ce ( ev]y?+ sugge/ive ( degradation1 l t ( "s /ately animal1 pure 9 its animal nature4 ,! mod]n woman1 ) m fre$om & m ideal1 r>ely approa*es to ?is "*2 %e is too complex to be p]fect1 %e is frail because %e has an ideal1 %e is dubi\s because %e is free1 %e may fall because %e may rise4 ,hel5 des]t$ ,m5elaus & br\ght ru9 ^u ,troy1 !re=e1 9 ! eyes ( ,antiquity1 %e 0 ! victim ( fate1 %e might be unruffl$1 spotless1 maje/ic2 b to ! man ( ! sixte5? c5tury %e 0 m]ely frail & false4 ,! roll+ hawk's eye & ! wanton smile ( ! old leg5d-mong] w\ld h p]plex$ ,hom]1 b !y 7 necess>y = ,m>l[e2 8 ,hel5 0 ess5tially mod]n1 he _h probably no inkl+ t an antique ,hel5 z di/+ui%$ f a mod]n c\ld exi/4 ,9 ! p>am\r ( ,fau/us he saw m]ely ! mo/ beautiful woman1 "s fair & wanton creature1 dress$ n 9 *a/e & maje/ic antique drap]y1 b 9 fanta/ic g>m5ts ( lawn1 l ^? ( ,h]o 9 8 own poem3 ,! l9+ purple silk1 ) gilt />s drawn2 ,h] wide sleeves gre51 & bord]$ ) a grove ,:]e ,v5us1 9 h] nak$ glory /rove ,to please ! c>eless & disda9ful eyes ,( pr\d ,adonis1 t be=e h] lies2 ,h] kirtle blue4444 ,^u h] head %e wore a myrtle wrea? ,f :5ce h] veil rea*$ to ! gr\nd b5ea?2 ,h] veil 0 artificial fl[]s & leaves ,^: workman%ip bo? man & bea/ deceives4 ,"s slim & da9ty goddess ( ,botticelli1 v mortal )al1 long & s9u\s1 tightly clad 9 brocad$ g>m5ts & cl++ cobweb veils1 beautiful ) ! delicate1 diaphan\s beauty1 r emaciat$ & hectic1 ( high rank1 & ! consci\s1 elaborate fasc9ation ( a woman ( fa%ion--a creature :om1 l ! ,gioconda1 ,leon>do might h sp5t ye>s 9 deck+ & pa9t+1 ev] *ang+ ! ornam5ts & ev] alt]+ ! portrait2 to :om c\rtly poets l ,bembo & ,ca/iglione might h writt5 scores ( sonnets & canzoni to h] h&s1 h] eyes1 h] hair1 h] lips1 a fanciful inv5tory to :i* %e li/5$ languidly "u ! cypresses ( ,flor5t9e g>d5s4 ,"s su* be+1 ev5 r>] & m dubi\s = be+ an exotic 9 ! ,engl& ( ,elizabe?1 0 ,m>l[e's ,hel52 su*1 & n a gho/ly figure1 desc5d$ f a p$e/al1 :ite & m>ble-l 9 h] unruffl$ drap]y1 walk+ ) solid /ep & unsw]v+1 placid glance ?r\gh ! /udy1 cramm$ ) books1 & vials1 & /range in/rum5ts1 ( ! m$ival wiz>d ( ,witt5b]g4 ,m>l[e delud$ himself z well z ,fau/us1 & palm$ (f on to him a m]e mod]n lady4 ,to raise a real spectre ( ! antique is a crav+ ( our own c5tury2 ,goe! attempt$ to d x & fail$1 = :at reasons we h se52 b we h all ( u ! *>m :]e) to evoke = ourselves a real ,hel5a1 on condition t1 unlike ,fau/us & unlike ,goe!1 we seek n to %[ h] to o!rs1 & rema9 satisfi$ if ! weird & glori\s figure haunt only our own imag9ation4 ,,*apelma/] ,,kreisl]4 ,a ,,/udy ,,( ,,musical ,,romantici/s4 ,!re is no?+ /rang] 9 ! _w ?an music3 x exi/s only z s\nd1 is born ( sil5ce & dies away into sil5ce1 issu+ f no?+ & relaps+ into no?+2 x is our own creation1 yet x is =eign to ourselves2 we draw x f out ( ! sil5t wood & ! sil5t metal1 x lives 9 our own brea?1 yet x seems to come to u f a di/ant l& :i* we %all nev] see1 & to tell u ( ?+s we %all nev] "k4 ,x is = ev] /riv+ to tell u some?+1 = ev] implor+ u to li/5 & to und]/&2 we li/51 we /ra91 we try to take 9 its vague mean+2 x is tell+ u sweet & mighty secrets1 lett+ drop preci\s talismanic words2 we guess1 b d n und]/&4 ,& %all we nev] und]/&8 ,may we nev] "k :]e=e ! joy1 :]e=e ! sadness8 ,c we n subtilise our m9ds1 g =? ) our he>t & fancy z int]pret]s1 & di/+ui% 9 ! wrea?+ melodies & entangl$ *ords "s words ( sup]human emotion1 ev5 z ! m5 ( o!r ages di/+ui%$ 9 ! sigh+ oak woods & ! ru/l+ re$s ! words ( ! great gods ( nature8 ,to u music is no long] :at x 0 to our gr&fa!rs1 a m]e pleas+ wo( ( mean+less patt]n2 we h left ^? times f> beh9d1 times ^: great ma/]s 7 prophets utt]+ m]e empty s\nds to _! contempor>ies2 we h %ak5 (f ! du/ ( ! s*ools ( c\nt]po9t1 we h ?r[n aside ! me*anical tea*+s ( ! art2 = u music has become an audible1 quiv]+ fata morgana ( life1 ! embodim5t ( ! intangible1 ! expression ( ! inexplicable1 ! realisation ( ! impossible4 ,& x has become a riddle1 a some?+ we w\ld fa9 und]/& b _c1 a spell ( our own devis+ :i* we _c deciph]2 we sit li/5+ to x z we sit look+ into ! deep1 dreamy eyes ( an animal1 full ( "s mute language1 :i* we va9ly /rive to compreh5d4 ,! animal seems z ?\gh x c\ld say mu* if only x c\ld speak2 s also music w\ld seem to conta9 f> deep] mean+s ?an any spok5 ^w1 to be fraught ) emotion deep] ?an we c feel3 x c\ld confide s mu* if we c\ld und]/&4 ,yet ! animal is b an animal1 ) "s ( our virtues & "s ( our vices1 inf9itely m ignorant ?an we are2 dumb1 n because we _c und]/&1 b because he _c speak4 ,& may x n be ! same ) music8 ,may n music be intellectually inscrutable because x is intellectually mean+less8 ,! idea is "o f :i* we %r9k2 b are we "r 9 %r9k+ f x8 ,_c music be noble 9 itself ap>t f any mean+ x conveys8 ,_c we be satisfi$ ) :at x c]ta9ly is1 )\t ?9k+ ( :at x may be8 ,x w\ld seem to be s2 x is ! _s ( our culture to /ra9 re/lessly aft] ! unkn[n1 = ev] to seek aft] ! hidd51 to reject ! visible & tangible4 ,we ye>n to p5etrate ?r\gh ! blue ( ! summ] ev5+1 to ?read our way among ! sun-gild$ cl\ds2 yet ! blue heav51 if we rise into x1 is m]e t9tless air2 ! cl\ds1 if we c t\* !m1 are m]e dull vap\r4 ,& s also we w\ld fa9 seek a mean+ 9 ^? fair s\nds :i* are fair] ?an any mean+ !y c\ld conta92 we w\ld break d[n 9 rude analysis ! spl5d\rs ( ,don ,giovanni only to discov] b5ea? !m ! /ory ( a puni%$ ,lovelace2 we w\ld te> to %r$s a glori\s fugue ( ,ba* = ! satisfaction ( he>+ ! ,jews yell+ = ,b>abbas4 ,?is is our t5d5cy1 ?is our way ( enjoy+ ! great art ( o!r days3 to c>e n = itself1 b = :at x sugge/s1 nay1 mo/ (t5 = ! sugge/ion ( ! m]e "n ( ! "w ( art1 = !re is no puni%$ ,lovelace 9 ,moz>t's melodies1 no ,b>abbas 9 ,ba*'s fugues1 !re is no?+ b beautiful =ms made out ( s\nds4 ,! old prosaic ma/]s ( ! pa/1 :o work$ at a picture or a /atue or an op]a z a cobbl] works at a pair ( %oes1 nev] ?\ght ( sugge/+ any?+ to u3 !y gave some?+ sub/antial1 some?+ intr9sically valuable1 a well-%ap$ figure1 a ri*ly t9t$ canvas1 a boldly modulat$ piece ( music2 to produce t & no m _h be5 _! object1 x 0 all !y c\ld give1 & _! contempor>ies 7 satisfi$ ) x4 ,_! art 0 _! trade1 pursu$ consci5ti\sly1 dilig5tly1 intellig5tly1 sometimes ) t sup]ior degree ( intellig5ce we call g5ius1 b x 0 _! trade & no m4 ,!y !mselves 7 z prosaic z any artisan1 & no m saw vague poetry 9 _! works1 ?\gh ^! 7 ! ,olympic ,jove1 ! ,s*ool ( ,a!ns1 or ! ,messiah1 ?an does ! pott] 9 8 pot or ! smi? 9 8 iron2 all !y saw 0 t _! works 7 beautiful1 z ! pott] sees t 8 pot is r\nd & smoo?1 & ! smi? t 8 blade is bright & %>p4 ,= ! re/ !y 7 t]ribly prosaic1 t]ribly giv5 up to ! me*anical int]e/s ( _! art & ! mat]ial int]e/s ( _! lives1 z y may see !m 9 ,vas>i1 9 ! lives ( ,h&el1 ( ,ba*1 ( ,haydn1 ( ,moz>t1 ( ! la/ ( true1 unpoetic musicians1 ,ross9i1 & z y w\ld d\btless see ! unkn[n sculptors ( antiquity if y c\ld see !m at all4 ,b ! "t came :5 ! _w1 :i* _h liv$ (f prose mo/ he>tily ev] s9ce ! ,middle ,ages1 grew sick ( su* co>se m5tal food1 & long$ = unsub/antial poetic ambrosia2 ! fact is1 x 0 morally sick1 & took its /rong intellectual food 9 disgu/1 & fanci$ & ye>n$ = impossible ?+s1 z sick m5 d4 ,& 9 its loa?+ = ! common1 ! simple1 ! heal?y1 ! _w took to eat+ ! intellectual opium ( romanticism2 x enjoy$ & 0 plung$ = a:ile 9 ineffable delights1 su* z only weakness c feel & poison af=d2 ! univ]se seem$ to exp&1 ! imag9ation to gr[ colossal1 ! feel+s to become sup]naturally subtle2 all limits 7 remov$1 all impossibilities became possibilities2 ! fancy roam$ ov] endless & ev] v>y+ tracts1 & so>$ up into ! cl\ds ( ! un9telligible1 & div$ into ! bottomless abyss ( *aos3 all ?+s quiv]$ ) a /range new life1 ) a life 9 o!r lives1 ) an unceas+1 ev] *ang+ life2 ev]y?+ 0 n only itself b some?+ else3 all 0 great]1 high]1 deep]1 bright]1 d>k]1 sweet]1 bitt]]1 m ineffable ?an itself2 x 0 a p>adise ( ,mahomet1 ( ,buddha1 ( ,dante2 x 0 enjoym5t ke51 subtle1 intoxicat+1 :i* made ! fancy swim1 ! s5ses a*e1 & ! s\l fa9t4 ,!n came ! reaction1 ! inevitable aft]-effect ( ! drug--depression1 lang\r1 palsy1 convulsion4 ,ab\t sev5ty ye>s ago a great hum\ri/1 :o fritt]$ away a qua9t & fanta/ic g5ius 9 et*+ grimac+ c>icatures1 & scribbl+ gaunt gho/ /ories1 ! once popul>1 n[ almo/ =gott51 ,h(fmann1 look$ on at ?is crisis 9 musical hi/ory1 at ?is fir/ intoxication ( romanticism2 sympa?is$ ) its poetry1 its ludicr\sness1 & its sadness2 embodi$ !m all 9 "o grotesque1 pa!tic figure1 & = ! fir/ & la/ "t 9 8 life produc$ a ma/]piece4 ,! ma/]piece is 8 poor1 half-mad musician1 ,johannes ,kreisl]1 *apelma/] & crack$ musicus p> excell5ce1 z he signs 8 lett]s1 ! arti/ ( incomplete g5ius1 ( brok5 c>e]1 ( poetic dreams & crazy fancies1 :o us$ to g ab\t dress$ 9 a coat ! col\r ( ,c %>p m9or1 ) an ,e major col\r$ coll>4 ,& ( all ! glimpses ,h(fmann has giv5 u ( ,*apelma/] ,kreisl]1 none is s weirdly sugge/ive z t 9 :i* we see him improvis+ on ! piano at 8 club ( fri5ds4 ,! fri5ds _h met "o ev5+ expressly to he> ,kreisl]'s extempor>y p]=mance1 & he 0 j on ! po9t ( sitt+ d[n to ! in/rum5t1 :5 "o ( ! company recollect$ t a lev] _h on a previ\s occasion refus$ to d its duty4 ,he took up a light1 & began 8 se>* = ! refractory lev]2 :5 sudd5ly1 z he lean$ ov] ! int]ior ( ! piano a heavy pair ( brass snuff]s cra%$ d[n f ! c&le/ick on to ! /r+s1 ( :i* half a doz5 in/antly snapp$4 ,! company began to exclaim at ?is unlucky accid5t1 :i* w\ld deprive !m ( ! promis$ p]=mance2 b ,*apelma/] ,kreisl] bade !m be ( good *e]1 = !y %\ld /ill he> :at 0 9 8 m9d1 z ! bass /r+s rema9$ intact4 ,kreisl] put on 8 little r$ skull cap & 8 ,*9ese dress+-g[n1 & sat d[n to ! piano1 :ile a tru/y fri5d ext+ui%$ all ! lights1 s t ! room rema9$ 9 utt] d>kness4 ,!n1 ) ! muffl+ p$al d[n1 ,kreisl] /ruck ! full *ord ( ,a flat major1 & spoke3 ,:at is x t murmurs s /rangely1 s sweetly1 ar\nd me8 ,invisible w+s seem to be heav+ up & d[n4 ,i am swimm+ 9 p]fume lad5 air4 ,b ! p]fume %9es =? 9 flam+1 my/]i\sly l9k$ circles4 ,lovely spirits are mov+ _! gold5 p9ions 9 ineffably spl5did s\nds & h>monies4 ,*ord ( ,a flat m9or 7mezzo =te74 ,ah1 !y are be>+ me (f into ! l& ( et]nal desire1 b ev5 z !y c>ry me1 pa9 awakes 9 my he>t1 & tries to escape1 te>+ my bosom ) viol5ce4 ,*ord ( ,e major 7?ird71 =te4 ,!y h giv5 me a spl5did cr[n1 b t :i* sp>kles & light5s 9 its diamonds are ! ?\s& te>s :i* ,i %$2 & 9 ! gold %9e ! flames :i* are dev\r+ me4 ,val\r & p[]1 /r5g? & fai?1 = him :o is call$ on to reign 9 ! k+dom ( spirits4 99 99 99 99 99 ,b major 7acc5tuato74 ,:at a gay life 9 field & woodl& 9 ! sweet spr+tide6 ,all ! flutes & pipes1 :i* h la9 froz5 to dea? 9 du/y corn]s ?r\gh\t ! w9t]1 h n[ awak5$ & rememb]$ _! be/ belov$ melodies1 :i* !y trill *e]fully l ! birds 9 ! air4 ,b major ) ! dim9i%$ sev5? 7smanioso74 ,a w>m we/ w9d comes sull5ly compla9+1 l "s my/]i\s secret1 ?r\gh ! wood1 & :]ev] x bru%es pa/1 ! fir trees murmur1 ! bee*es murmur to ea* o!r3 ',:]e=e has our fri5d gr[n s sad8' ,e flat major 7=te74 ,foll[ him1 foll[ him6 ,8 dress is gre5 l ! d>k wood--sweet s\nds ( horns are 8 sigh+ words4 ,he>e/ him murmur+ beh9d ! bu%es8 ,he>e/ ?\ ! s\nd8 ,! s\nd ( horns1 full ( delight & sadness8 ',tis he6 up & meet him4 ,d ?ird1 f\r?1 six?1 *ord 7piano74 ,life plays its mock+ game 9 all mann] ( fa%ions4 ,:]e=e desire8 ,:]e=e hope8 ,:]e=e dem&8 ,c major 7?ird7 *ord 7=tissimo74 ,let u r dance ov] ! op5 graves 9 wild rejoic+4 ,let u %\t = joy1 ^? b5ea? _c he> x4 ,hurrah1 hurrah6 ,dance & jollity2 ! devil is rid+ 9 ) drums & trumpets4 ,c m9or *ords 7ff4 9 rapid succession74 ,kn[e/ ?\ him n8 ,kn[e/ ?\ him n8 ,see1 he /ret*es =? 8 burn+ claw to my he>t6 ,he masks himself 9 all sorts ( absurd grimaces--z a free huntsman1 z a conc]t director1 tapeworm doctor1 ricco m]cante2 he pit*es snuff]s into ! /r+s to prev5t my play+6 ,kreisl]1 ,kreisl]1 %ake ?yself up8 ,see/ ?\ x hid+1 ! pale gho/ ) ! r$ burn+ eyes1 /ret*+ out its clawy1 bony h& f b5ea? its torn mantle--%ak+ ! cr[n ( /raw on its smoo? bald skull8 ,x is ,madness6 ,johannes1 be brave6 ,mad1 mad1 wit*-revelry ( life1 :]e=e %ake/ ?\ me s 9 ?y :irl+ dance8 ,c ,i n escape8 ,is !re no gra9 ( du/ 9 ! univ]se on :i*1 dim9i%$ to a fly1 ,i c save myself f !e1 horrible tortur+ phantom8 ,desi/1 ,desi/6 ,i w behave4 ,my mann]s %all be ! v be/4 ,hony soit qui mal y p5se4 ,only let me believe ! devil to be a galantuomo6 ,i curse song & music2 ,i lick ?y feet l ! drunk5 ,caliban2 free me only f my torm5ts6 ,a6 ,a6 abom9able "o6 ,?\ ha/ trodd5 d[n all my fl[]s3 n a blade ( grass /ill gre5s 9 ! t]rible des]t-- ,dead6 ,dead6 ,dead6444 ,:5 ,*apelma/] ,kreisl] end$1 all 7 sil5t2 poetry1 passionate1 weird1 & grotesque1 _h p\r$ f _! fri5d's lips2 a /range nightm>e pageant _h swept by !m1 beautiful & gha/ly1 l a mad ,brock5 m$ley ( ! triumph ( ,dionysos & ! dance ( ,dea?4 ,!y 7 all sil5t--all save "o1 & t "o said3 ,?is is all v f9e1 b ,i 0 told we 7 to h music2 a good1 s5sible sonata ( ,haydn's--w\ld h be5 mu* m ! ?+ ?an all ?is4 ,he 0 a ,phili/9e1 no d\bt1 b he 0 "r2 a good1 s5sible sonata ( ,haydn's--nay1 ! /iffe/1 drie/1 mo/ wood5 fugue ev] writt5 by ! mo/ crabb$ pr(essor ( c\nt]po9t w\ld h be5 f> m satisfactory = p :o expect$ music4 ,a mo/ fanta/ic rhapsody !y _h inde$ he>d1 b x _h be5 a spok5 "o1 & ! be/ /r+s ( ! piano _h rema9$ hang+ snapp$ & sil5t dur+ ! p]=mance4 ,poor ,*apelma/] ,kreisl]6 ,he has long be5 =gott5 by ! _w 9 g5]al1 & ev5 ^? few t /ill are acqua9t$ ) 8 weird portrait1 smile at x z at a relic ( a f> di/ant "t1 :5 life & art & all o!r ?+s look$ /rangely diff]5t f h[ !y look n[4 ,yet ! crazy musician ( ,h(fmann is b ! eld] bro!r ( all our mod]n compos]s4 ,) ! great ma/]s ( ! la/ c5tury1 ,haydn1 ,moz>t1 ,cim>osa1 :o 7 sc>cely 9 _! graves :5 he improvis$ 8 great ^w fantasia1 he has no long] any connection ) our own musicians1 born half a c5tury aft] 8 end1 he is closely l9k$1 =1 l him1 !y are romantici/s4 ,!y d n inde$ we> ,c %>p m9or col\r$ coats1 nor d !y improvise 9 ! d>k on pianos ) brok5 /r+s2 !y are p]fectly sane & consci\s ( all _! do+s2 yet1 all ! same1 !y are b ,kreisl]'s y\ng] bro!rs4 ,l ! poor *apelma/] ( ,h(fmann1 music itself has a fanta/ic madness 9 x2 l him1 x has be5 craz$ by disappo9tm5t1 by jeal\sy1 by impot5t rage at f9d+ t x _c n[ d :at x once did1 & _c yet d :at w nev] be done2 l ,kreisl] x deals no long] ) m]e sequ5ces ( melody & h>mony1 b ) ?\ghts1 feel+s1 & images1 hopes & fe>s & despair1 ) wild *aotic visions ( spl5d\r & ( gha/l9ess4 ,b ! position ( our music diff]s f t ( ,kreisl] 9 ?is mu*1 t no fri5dly pair ( snuff]s cra%es on to ! /r+s & makes !m fly asund]2 t1 :ile ,kreisl] spoke1 our music c only play its fancies & :imsies2 & t1 in/ead ( he>+ intelligible spok5 words1 we he> only musical s\nds :i* are gibb]i% & *aos4 ,= ! "t :5 m5 s\ght 9 music only = music's own lovel9ess is gone by2 & ! "t has come :5 all ! arts trespass on ea* o!r's gr\nd1 &1 wor/ ( all1 :5 ! arts :i* c give & %[ envy poetry1 ! art :i* c nei!r give nor %[ b only sugge/1 & :51 = ! sake ( su* sugge/ion1 !y w\ld *eat u ( all ! real gifts--gifts ( noble =ms ( l9e & col\r1 & sweet wo(s ( melody & h>mony :i* !y once gave u4 ,! compos] n[ wi%es to make y see & feel all t he sees & feels 9 8 imag9ation1 ! woods & seas1 ! joys & sorr[s1 all ! confus$ day-dreams1 sweet & dr[sy1 all ! nightm>e orgies :i* may pass ?r\gh 8 bra92 ! s\nd has become ! m]e vehicle = ?is1 ! weak1 vague language :i* he c only /amm] & we c only div9e2 ! arti/ breaks viol5tly aga9/ ! re/ra9t ( =m1 ?9k+ to atta9 ! unatta9able beyond its limits1 & s9ks d[n baffl$ & impot5t amid/ ru94 ,we are apt to ?9k ( music z ( a sort ( spee* until1 on exam9ation1 we f9d x has no def9$ mean+ ei!r = ! speak] or = ! li/5]4 ,9 reality1 music & spee* are z diff]5t & z sep>ate z ar*itecture & pa9t+1 z :olly oppos$ to ea* o!r z only ^? two ?+s c be :i*1 hav+ />t$ f ! same po9t1 h travell$ 9 completely opposite directions1 l ! two great riv]s :i*1 orig9at+ on ! same alp1 fl[ respectively to ! nor?1 & to ! s\?1 ea* acquir+ a sep>ate "* on its way--! "o z ! blue riv] ( ,g]many1 end+ amid/ ! tide-torn s&banks ( ! ,nor? ,sea2 ! o!r z ! gre5 riv] ( ,prov5ce1 dy+ amid/ ! /agnant pools & fev]-haunt$ m>%es ( ! ,m$it]ranean4 ,z long z ! ,rh9e & ! ,rhone are n yet ,rh9e & ,rhone1 b m]ely pools ( sn[-wat] among ! glaci]s1 s long are !y indi/+ui%able2 b z soon z sep>at$ into di/9ct /reams1 _! dissimil>ity gr[s ) e mile ( _! div]g+ c\rse4 ,s z to spee* & music3 z long z bo? exi/ only 9 embryo 9 ! confus$ cries & rude imitations ( ! *ild or ( ! primitive p1 !y _c be di/+ui%$2 b z soon z !y c be call$ ei!r spee* or music1 !y become unlike & increase 9 dissimil>ity 9 proportion z !y develop4 ,! cry & ! imitative s\nd become1 on ! "o h&1 a ^w :i*1 h[ev] rude1 beg9s to h an arbitr>y mean+1 &1 on ! o!r h&1 a song :i*1 h[ev] unc\?1 has no positive mean+2 ! ^w1 z x develops1 acquires a m precise & ab/ract signification1 becomes m & m ( a symbol2 ! song1 z x develops1 loses def9ite mean+1 becomes m & m a complete unsymbolical =m1 until at l5g? ! ^w1 hav+ become a ?+ = use1 a m]e means ( communication1 ceases to require vocal utt]ance1 & turns into a writt5 sign2 :ile ! song1 hav+ become an object ( m]e pleasure1 requires m & m musical developm5t1 & is transport$ f ! lips ( man to ! /r+s ( an in/rum5t4 ,b :ile spee* & music are ?us div]g+1 :ile ! "o is becom+ m & m ( an arbitr>y symbol convey+ an ab/ract idea1 & ! o!r is gr[+ m & m into an arti/ic =m convey+ no idea1 b pleas+ ! m9d m]ely by its concrete =m--:ile ?is div]g5ce is tak+ place1 a correspond+ movem5t accompanies x :i* removes bo? spee* & music f>!r & f>!r f _! common orig93 ! cry ( passion & ! imitative s\nd4 ,! ,rhone & ! ,rh9e are becom+ n only less l ea* o!r1 b z ! "o becomes gre5 & ! o!r blue1 s also are bo? los+ all trace ( ! orig9al dull :ite ( ! sn[ wat]4 ,9 ! ^w1 ! cry & ! imitation are be+ effac$ by arbitr>y1 symbolical use1 by t phonetic *ange :i* %[s h[ little a ^w z x exi/s = u reta9s ( its orig9al "*2 9 ! song !y are be+ subdu$ by con/ant attempts at obta9+ a m di/9ct & symmetrical %ape1 by ! developm5t ( ! s+le s\nds & _! arrangem5t ) a view to pleas+ ! e> & m9d4 ,yet bo? reta9 ! p[] ( resum+ to a limit$ ext5t _! orig9al nature2 b 9 proportion z ! ^w or ! song resumes ! *>act]i/ics ( ! cry or ( ! imitation does ea* lose its own sl[ly elaborat$ value1 ! ^w z a sugge/] ( ?\ght1 ! song z a pres5t] ( =m4 ,n[1 9 s f> z ! ^w is a ^w1 or ! song a song1 its effect on ! emotions is comp>atively small3 ! ^w c awak5 emotion only z a symbol1 t is1 indirectly & m]ely sugge/ively2 ! song c awak5 emotion only inasmu* z x yet p>takes ( ! nature ( ! brute cry or rude imitation4 ,?us1 :ile language owes its emotional effects to ! ideas arbitr>ily connect$ ) x1 music owes its p[] ov] ! he>t to its s5su\s elem5ts z giv5 by nature4 ,b music exi/s z an art1 t is to say1 z an elaboration ( ! human m9d1 only inasmu* z ^? s5su\s brute elem5ts are held 9 *eck & measure1 are made ! slaves ( an intellectual conception4 ,! v fir/ /ep 9 ! =mation ( ! art is ! subjection ( ! emotional cry or ! spontane\s imitation to a process ( ac\/ic m5suration1 by :i* ! irregul> s\nd becomes ! regul>1 def9ite note2 ! second /ep is ! subjection ( ?is already artificial s\nd to m5suration ( "t1 by :i* x is made rhy?mical2 ! ?ird /ep is ! subjection ( ?is rhy?mical s\nd to a comp>ative m5suration ) o!r s\nds1 by :i* we obta9 h>mony2 ! la/ /ep is adju/m5t ( ?is artificially obta9$ note & rhy?m & h>mony into t symmetrical & intellectually appreciable =m :i* con/itutes ! "w ( art1 = art beg9s only :]e ! physical elem5ts are subject$ to an intellectual process1 & x exi/s completely only :]e !y abdicate _! indep5d5ce & become subs]vi5t to an intellectual design4 ,music is made up ( two elem5ts3 ! intellectual & ! s5su\s on ! "o h&1 ( t :i* is conceiv$ by ! m9d & p]ceiv$ by ! m9d 7= our e>s p]ceive only ! sep>ate con/itu5t s\nds ( a tune1 b n ! tune itself72 on ! o!r h&1 ( t :i* is produc$ by ! m]ely physical & appreciat$ by ! m]ely physical1 by ! n]ves ( he>+1 ?r\gh :i* x may1 b only indirectly1 affect ! m9d4 ,n[ if1 f an arti/ic po9t ( view1 we mu/ prote/ aga9/ any degradation ( ! m]ely s5su\s "p1 x is because su* a degradation w\ld involve a correspond+ "o 9 ! intellectual "p1 because ! physical basis mu/ be intact & solid be=e we c build on x an intellectual /ructure1 because ! physical elem5t ?r\gh :i* m5tality is p]ceiv$ mu/ be p]fect 9 ord] t ! m5tal manife/ation be equally s2 b ! physical mu/ always rema9 a m]e basis1 a m]e vehicle = ! m5tal4 ,! enjoym5t obta9able f ! purely physical "p may inde$ be v great & v valuable1 b x is a m]e physical enjoym5t2 & ! pleasure we d]ive f a f9e voice1 z di/+ui%$ f a f9e piece or a f9e int]pretation1 is z :olly un>ti/ic z t :i* we receive f a ripe pea* or a cool breeze3 x is a purely s5su\s pleasure1 giv5 u ready-made by nature1 to give or to p]ceive :i* requires no m5tality1 9 :i* !re is no human int5tion1 & consequ5tly no art4 ,n[1 ! effect ( ! cry or ( ! imitation1 & t ( c]ta9 o!r manife/ations ( s\nd1 su* z tone1 pit*1 volume1 rhy?m1 major or m9or int]vals1 :i* are cognate )1 b indep5d5t (1 ! cry or ! imitation--! effect ( all ?is is an entirely s5su\s "o1 an effect ( un9tellig5t matt] on ! n]ves1 n ( calculat+ intellig5ce on ! m9d1 & x is to ^! physical effects1 & n to ! m5tally elaborat$ =m1 t music owes its peculi> p[] ( awak+ or ev5 ( sugge/+ emotion4 ,t ?is is ! case is %[n by v>i\s circum/ances4 ,! anci5ts1 :o1 z is n[ prov$ beyond dispute1 possess$ v little ( ! intellectual "p ( music1 little ( :at we %\ld deem its =m1 enjoy$ its emotional effects to a f> high] degree ?an c\ld we 9 our pres5t musical condition2 ! /ories ( ,timo!us1 ,t]p&]1 & o!r simil> ones1 be+ at lea/ f\nd$ on fact1 z is evid5t f ! cont9ual allusions ( ,greek writ]s to ! moral or immoral effect ( ! art1 & _! viol5t d5unciations ( p ^: only social crime 0 to h add$ a /r+ to a lyre or a hole to a flute4 ,we ourselves h con/ant opportunities ( rem>k+ ! int5se emotional effects due to m]e pit*1 tone1 & rhy?m2 t is to say1 to ! m]ely physical qualities ( numb]1 nature1 & repetition ( musical vibrations4 ,we h all be5 *e]$ by ! trumpet & depress$ by ! hautboy2 we h felt a wi/ful melan*oly /eal ov] u :ile li/5+ to ! drone ( ! bagpipe & ! quav] ( ! flute ( ! piff]>i at ! %r9e2 we h felt our he>t beat & our brea? halt on cat*+ ! fir/ notes ( an organ z we lift$ ! entrance curta9 ( "s great ca!dral2 we h kn[n no?+ m utt]ly h>r[+ ?an a hurdy-gurdy play+ a *e]ful tune1 or a common accordion s++ out a waltz or a polka4 ,nay1 x is wor?y ( rem>k t ! in/rum5ts capable ( ! greate/ arti/ic developm5t are j ^? :i* possess lea/ ?is p[] ov] ! n]ves3 ! :ole viol9 & h>psi*ord tribe1 ! human voice :5 s\nd & natural--say+ lea/ !mselves1 are capable ( say+ mo/ = o!rs2 :]eas ! trumpet1 ! accordion1 ! h>p1 ! zi!r1 are condemn$ by _! v expressiv5ess to a hopeless inf]iority2 !y produce an effect spontane\sly by _! m]e tone2 ! arti/ c produce on !m b t effect1 & c sc>cely height5 ev5 x4 ,a musical critic ( ! beg9n+ ( ?is c5tury1 ,giuseppe ,c>pani1 wi%+ to def5d ,ross9i f ! accusation ( be+ unemotional1 boldly laid d[n ! pr9ciple t x nev] is ! compos] :o makes p cry1 b ! au?or ( ! words & ! s+]4 ,z to ! compos]1 he c only please1 b n move4 ,nev] 7he says7 7 p m mov$ ?an by a c]ta9 sc5e 9 ,meta/asio's ,aras]se1 set by ,mortell>i1 & sung by ! fam\s ,pac*i]otti 7ab\t #aghj72 & d y ?9k p]haps t x 0 ,mortell>i1 :o made !m cry8 ,mortell>i1 ! /upide/ m$iocrity1 ,dio l'abbia 9 gloria6 ,no1 x 0 ,meta/asio & ,pac*i]otti1 ! v]se & ! voice4 ,?is 0 a m]e absurd exagg]ation1 & a m]e capti\s plea = ,ross9i1 :o1 _h he only _h ,meta/asio to write ! words & ,pac*i]otti to s+1 w\ld d\btless h mov$ ! :ole univ]se to te>s1 ) ,di tanti palpiti4 ,yet 9 ?is exagg]ation1 an important tru? has be5 /ruck out4 ,?is tru? is t ! writ] ( ! libretto1 hav+ at 8 disposal ! cle>1 idea-sugge/+ ^w1 c br+ up a pa!tic situation be=e ! m9d2 t ! s+]1 hav+ at 8 comm& ! physical app>atus = produc+ an effect on ! n]ves1 c s5su\sly awak5 emotion2 :ile ! compos]1 possess+ nei!r ! arbitr>y idea-sugge/+ ^w1 nor ! n]ve-mov+ s\nd1 b only ! arti/ic =m1 c please to ! utmo/1 b move only to a limit$ degree4 ,?us1 !re is a once popul> b n[ des]v$ly =gott5 air 9 ! ,romeo e ,giulietta ( ,z+>elli1 :i* "s sev5ty ye>s ago possess$ ! mo/ miracul\s p[] ov] :at p call$ ! he>t1 & especially ov] ! n too s5sitive "o ( ,napoleon1 :o1 :5ev] x 0 sung by 8 fav\rite ,cresc5t9i1 inv>iably bur/ into te>s4 ,! extraord9>y "p ( ! matt] is t ?is air happ5s to be peculi>ly insipid1 )\t any v def9ite expression1 b1 on ! :ole1 ( a sort ( feeble *e]fulness1 & c]ta9ly is ! la/ piece t we %\ld judge capable ( su* deeply emotional effects4 ,b ! situation ( ,romeo is an int5sely pa!tic "o1 & x is probable t ! s+]'s voice may h possess$ "s /range p[] ov] ! n]ves1 some?+ ( ! purely s5su\s pa?os ( an accordion or a zi!r1 especially 9 ! long1 gradually dim9i%$ notes1 f9e by degrees & beautifully less1 :i* move l an olian h>p4 ,b1 if ! pa!tic effect ( ,ombra adorata c\ld n be ascrib$ to ! composition nei!r c\ld x be ascrib$ to ! int]pretation4 ,= ?is s5su\s pa?os1 ?\gh enhanc$ by ! s+]'s intellectual qualities1 9 no way dep5ds ^u !m2 ! intellect c make him graduate & improve ! =m ( a piece1 all t :i* is p]ceiv$ by ! m9d1 b x has no influ5ce on ! n]ves2 ,cresc5t9i's musical intellig5ce may h enabl$ him to make ,ombra adorata a beautiful song1 b only 8 physical p[]s ( voice c\ld h enabl$ him to make x a pa!tic "o4 ,z ^! physical elem5ts are ! mat]ial out ( :i* arti/ic =ms are m\ld$ by ! musician1 he necess>ily deals ) & disposes ( ^? p[]s ov] ! n]ves :i* are inh]5t 9 !m4 ,:5 he creates a musical =m out ( m9or int]vals1 he necess>ily gives t =m some?+ ( ! melan*oly effect ( su* int]vals2 :5 he composes a piece ) ! peculi> rhy?m ( a m>*1 he necess>ily gives 8 piece "s ( ! inspirit+ p[] ( t rhy?m2 :5 he employs a hautboy or a trumpet1 he necess>ily l5ds 8 "w "s ( ! depress+ quality ( ! hautboy or "s ( ! *e]+ quality ( ! trumpet4 ,?us ! intellectually conceiv$ & p]ceiv$ =ms are inve/$ ) ! p[] ov] ! n]ves peculi> to c]ta9 ( ! physical elem5ts ( music2 b x is 9 ^? compon5t physical elem5ts1 & n 9 ! =ms into :i* !y are dispos$1 t lies ! emotional =ce ( ! art4 ,nor is ?is all3 ! physical elem5ts1 inasmu* z !y are subdu$ & regulat$ & neutraliz$ by "o ano!r 9 ! intellectual =m1 are inevitably depriv$ ( ! full vig\r ( _! emotional p[]2 ! arti/ic =m has tam$ & curb$ !m1 has =bidd5 _! freely influ5c+ ! n]ves1 :ile at ! same "t x--! =m--has ex]t$ its full sway ov] ! m9d4 ,! m\nta9s h be5 hewn into t]races1 ! =e/s h be5 clipp$ into g>d5s1 ! waves h be5 con/ra9$ into f\nta9s1 ! ?und] has be5 tun$ d[n into musical notes2 nature has submitt$ to man1 & has abdicat$ h] p[] into 8 h&s4 ,! /ormy reign ( in/9ctive feel+ has come to an end2 ! s]5e reign ( art has begun4 ,9 ord] to see ^! s5su\s elem5ts ( music 9 _! unmix$ purity1 9 _! unbridl$ /r5g?1 we mu/ desc5d to ! l[e/ /ages ( ! art1 comp>$ ) ^: emotional effects ^? ( mod]n music are z no?+1 & lea/ ( all 9 ! classic p]iods ( ! art2 b ev5 9 mod]n music1 :at really /rong emotional effects !re may be are due to a mom5t>y susp5sion ( arti/ic activity1 to a mom5t>y return to ! =mless1 physically t\*+ music ( e>ly ages4 ,! mo/ emotional ?+ ev] writt5 by ,moz>t is ! exclamation ( ,donna ,elvira1 :51 aft] leav+ ,don ,giovanni at 8 ill-om5$ supp]1 %e is met on ! /aircase by ! /atue ( ! comm&]2 ?is exclamation is b "o high1 deta*$ note1 =mless1 mean+less1 :i* pi]ces ! n]ves l a blade2 submit ev5 ?is "o note to arti/ic action1 bid ! s+] gradually swell & dim9i% x1 & y at once rob x ( its t]rible p[]4 ,?is is ,moz>t's mo/ emotional /roke2 b 0 a ,moz>t1 nay1 0 any musician1 necess>y = its conception8 ,w\ld n t cry h be5 ! same if surr\nd$ by true music8 ,a contr>y example1 b to ! same effect1 is af=d$ by ,gluck 9 8 great sc5e ( ,orpheus at ! gate ( ,hades1 :i* may h mov$ our great-gr&fa!rs1 accu/om$ to fugues & m9uets & rigaudons1 b :i* seems coldly beautiful z "s :ite antique gr\p to u1 accu/om$ z we are to romantic art4 ,! ,no6 ( ! ,furies loses all its effects by be+ work$ into a def9ite musical =m1 by be+ lock$ into ! phrase begun by ,orpheus2 x is m]ely a con/itu5t note & no m1 until aft] "s "t x is repeat$ deta*$1 & )\t any ref]5ce to ! ma9 melody sung by ,orpheus3 at fir/ x is "p ( a "w ( art1 lat] x becomes a m]e brute %\t1 & !n1 & !n only1 does x obta9 a really mov+ "*4 ,:5 ^! pot5t physical elem5ts are held 9 subjection by arti/ic =m1 emotion may be sugge/$1 m or less vaguely1 b only sugge/$3 we p]ceive !m 9 ! fabric :i* imprisons !m1 & we p]ceive _! p[]1 b x is z we %\ld p]ceive ! p[] ( a tig] *a9$ up beh9d a grat+3 we rememb] & imag9e :at x has be5 & might be1 b we no long] feel x2 = u to aga9 feel x1 ! arti/ic =m mu/ be torn d[n2 ! physical elem5ts un*a9$1 & !n1 & !n only1 %all we tremble once m be=e !m4 ,moz>t may be on 8 door-/ep z a regim5t passes3 he may feel ! inspir+1 c\rage-awak5+ effect ( its r\gh rhy?m & discordant1 scree*+ trumpets3 he may g up/airs1 sit d[n to 8 piano1 make use ( all ^? s5su\s elem5ts1 ( ! rhy?m & ( ! w9d in/rum5ts1 :i* h /irr$ him 9 t regim5tal music3 he may use !m 9 a piece pr(ess$ly sugge/$ by t music2 ! piece w be ,non pi &rai1 & a ma/]piece4 ,we %all be rem9d$ ( milit>y music by x1 & we %all be aw>e ( ! fact t its rhy?m & accompanim5t are m>tial2 we %all ev5 call x a m>tial piece2 b w x /ir u1 w x make u /ep out & feel soldi]-l z w\ld ! co>se/ regim5tal trumpets8 ,jommelli may ent] a ca!dral z ! bells are toll+ to mass1 & all seems undulat+ & heav+ b5ea? _! sw+2 he may feel ! awful effect ( ^? simple1 %apeless s\nds3 he may li/5 to _! sugge/ion & frame ! op5+ ( 8 ,mass = ! ,dead on t deep monoton\s sway2 he w produce a ma/]piece1 ! wondr\s ,introitus ( 8 ,requiem1 9 :i* we %all inde$ recognize some?+ ( ! solemn rhy?m ( ! bells1 some?+ t w awak5 9 u ! recollection ( t mom5t :5 ! ca!dral t[]s seem$ to rock to _! movem5t1 & ! aisles re-e*o$ _! ro>1 & :5 ev5 miles away 9 ! op5 c\ntry ! cle> deep toll float$ across ! sil5t fields2 b t effect itself we %all nev] he> 9 ! music4 ,! arti/ has us$ ! already exi/+ emotional elem5ts = 8 own purposes1 b ^? purposes are arti/ic ones2 !y aim at delight+ ! m9d1 n at tickl+ ! n]ves4 ,! compos]1 !re=e1 inasmu* z he deprives ! emotional elem5ts ( music ( _! fre$om & =ce ( action1 _c possibly produce an effect on ! emotions at all to be comp>$ ) t spontane\sly af=d$ by nature2 he c imitate ! ru% ( wat]s or ! sob ( despair only s di/antly & feebly t ! effect ( ei!r is well-nigh lo/1 & ev5 = su* an imitation he mu/ endang] ! arti/ic value ( 8 "w1 :i* is safe only :5 x is ! arti/'s sole aim & object4 ,! mo/ t ! compos] c legitimately d is to sugge/ a giv5 emotion by employ+ 9 8 intellectual /ructure su* among ! physical elem5ts ( 8 art z w\ld 9 a /ate ( complete fre$om awak5 t giv5 emotion2 he may *oose su* s5su\s elem5ts z w\ld inspire melan*oly1 or joy1 or s]5ity2 he may reject any contr>y elem5t or any incongru\s effect1 & he may ?us produce :at we %all call a pa!tic piece1 or a *e]ful piece1 or a solemn piece4 ,b ?is pa!tic1 *e]ful1 or solemn "* dep5ds n ^u ! intellectual =ms imag9$ by ! compos]1 b ^u ! s5su\s elem5ts af=d$ by nature2 & ! arti/ic activity ( ! compos] consi/s 9 ! conception ( ^? =ms1 n 9 ! selection ( ^? physical elem5ts4 ,:51 !re=e1 a compos] is said to express ! words :i* he is sett+1 he does s by means n ( ! creation ( arti/ic =ms1 b by ! selection ( s5su\s mat]ials2 ! sugge/ion ( an emotion analog\s to t convey$ by ! words is due n to ! piece itself1 b to its physical con/itu5ts2 :]e=e ! arti/ic value ( ! composition 9 no way dep5ds ^u its adaptation to ! words ) :i* x is l9k$4 ,!re is no m common mi/ake1 nor "o :i* m degrades arti/ic criticism1 ?an ! supposition t ! m]it ( ,he 0 despis$ & reject$ ( m51 or ( ,f9 *'an del v9o1 dep5ds ^u _! respective suitabl5ess to ! words3 ! mo/ inf]ior musician w\ld p]ceive t su* & su* physical elem5ts 7 requir$ to sugge/ a m5tal condition 9 h>mony ) ei!r ( ^! v]bal expressions ( feel+2 ! mo/ inf]ior musician c\ld h giv5 u a piece z melan*oly z ,he 0 despis$1 or z *e]ful z ,f9 *'an del v9o1 b--& "h lies ! unique te/ ( arti/ic wor?--only ,h&el c\ld h giv5 u s beautiful a melan*oly piece z ! "o1 & only ,moz>t s beautiful a *e]ful piece z ! o!r4 ,z x is ) ! praise1 s likewise is x ) ! blame3 a compos] :o sets a *e]ful piece to dismal words1 or a dismal piece to *e]ful words1 may be repreh5sible = n reflect+ t ! m9d ?us receives toge!r two contr>y impressions1 & he may be condemn$ = want ( logic & good s5se2 b n a ^w c be said aga9/ 8 arti/ic m]it1 any m ?an we c\ld say a ^w aga9/ ! arti/ic m]it ( ! great iron-work] ( ! ,r5aissance1 :o clos$ ! holy place :]e lies ! ,virg9's sacr$ girdle ) a scre5 ( passion fl[]s1 9 ^: petals hide goats & ducks1 on ^: t5drils are balanc$ peck+ cranes1 & 9 ! curl+ leaves ( :i* little nak$ w+$ ,cupids are draw+ _! b[s & %>p5+ _! arr[s ev5 z 9 ! bas-reliefs ( a pagan s>cophagus4 ,9 ! free & spontane\s activity ( musical conception1 ! compos] may =get ! words he is sett+1 z ! pa9t] may =get ! subject he is pa9t+ 9 ! f]v\r ( pla/ic imag9ation2 = ! musician conceives n emotions1 b modulations2 & ! pa9t] conceives n actions1 b ge/ures & attitudes4 ,!nce x comes t ,moz>t has made regicide ,romans /orm & weep z he w\ld h made ,z]l9a & ,*]ub9o laugh1 j z ,titian made ,magdal5 smite h] brea/ 9 ! wild]ness ) ! smile ( ,flora on h] fea/-day2 h5ce t confusion 9 all save =m1 t indiff]5ce to all save beauty1 :i* *>act]ises all ! great epo*s ( art1 t sublime jumble ( times & peoples1 ( tragic & comic1 t motley cr[d+ toge!r ( satyrs & an*orites1 ( ,s>ac5s & anci5t ,romans1 ( antique w>riors & m$ival burgh]s1 ( ,go?ic trac]y & ,grecian arabesque1 ( ,!seus & ,titania1 ( ,puck & ,bottom1 t great masqu]ade ( art :i* we1 poor critics1 w\ld fa9 r$uce to law & rule1 to *ronological & e?nological propriety4 ,^? times are gone by3 we wi% to make e =m correspond ) an idea2 we wi% to be told a /ory by ! /atue1 by ! picture1 mo/ ( all by t :i* c lea/ tell x--by music4 ,we =get t music is nei!r a symbol :i* c convey an ab/ract ?\ght1 nor a brute cry :i* c express an in/9ctive feel+2 we wi% to b>t] ! p[] ( leav+ 9 ! m9d an indelible image ( beauty = ! mis]able privilege ( awak5+ ! mom5t>y recollection ( "o ( nature's s\nds1 or ! yet m mis]able "o ( s5d+ a mom5t>y tremor ?r\gh ! body2 we w\ld r comp>e ?an enjoy1 & r weep ?an admire4 ,!re=e we try to =ce music to talk a language :i* x does n speak & :i* we d n und]/&2 & succe$ only 9 mak+ x babble l a *ild or rave l a madman1 obta9+ no?+ b un9telligible & incoh]5t =ms 9 our anxiety to obta9 intelligible & logical ?\ghts4 ,we =get t great fact1 =ev] ov]look$ by romanticism1 t poetry & music are ess5tially di/9ct 9 _! nature2 t ,*apelma/] ,kreisl]'s improvisation 0 n play$ b spok52 & t _h n ! snuff]s fall5 into ! piano1 _h n ! /r+s snapp$ asund]1 ,h(fmann w\ld h _h to record1 n a gr&ly grotesque s]ies ( images1 b a succession ( =mless & mean+less *ords4 ,,*]ub9o4 ,a ,,psy*ological ,,art ,,fancy4 ,x is a /range & beautiful fact t :atsoev] is t\*$ by g5ius1 no matt] h[ humble 9 itself1 becomes preci\s & immortal4 ,?is wr9kl$ old woman is m]ely "o ( ?\s&s l h]self1 :o h sat & w sit by ! great porcela9 /ove ( ! ,dut* back%op1 _! knitt+ or _! bible on _! knees4 ,!re is no?+ to make h] recollect$2 yet we "k h] aft] two c5turies1 ev5 z if we _h se5 h] alive1 because1 ) a few blurr$ l9es & %ad[s ha/ily scrat*$ on 8 et*+ plate1 x pleas$ ! :im ( ,ma/] ,rembr&t to p\rtray h]4 ,& ?is little commonplace ,frankfurt %opkeep]'s maid51 9 h] /iff little cap & />*$ frill1 :o %\ld rememb] h]8 ,yet %e is famili> to u all1 because %e /ruck ! boyi% fancy ( ,goe!4 ,= ev5 z ! fact ( its once hav+ sp>kl$ on ! wai/coat ( ,moz>t makes u treasure up a t>ni%$ brass button2 & z ! notion ( _! hav+ be5 plant$ by ! h& ( ,mi*ael ,angelo made u m\rn ! cutt+ d[n ( a clump ( se> & ru/y old cypresses1 s also ! fact ( hav+ be5 notic$1 not$ d[n by g5ius1 ) bru%1 or p51 or *isel1 makes into relics m5 & ?+s :i* w\ld else h be5 =gott52 because ! /roke ( t p51 or bru%1 or *isel removes !m f ! p]i%able _w ( reality to ! dea?less _w ( fancy4 ,nay1 ev5 ! beautiful ?+s1 ! p]fect1 physically or morally1 ( ! _w1 ^? :i* call$ =? admiration & love z long z !y exi/$3 ,ant9\s & ,monna ,lisa1 ,beatrice & ,laura1 w\ld n[ be b a h&ful ( nameless du/1 7 x n = ! arti/s & poets :o h made !m live aga9 & = ev]3 ! de$s & suff]+s ( ! ,siegfri$s & ,cids1 ( ! ,desdemonas & ,francescas1 w\ld h di$ away _h !y n be5 fil*$ out ( ! _w ( reality into ! _w ( fiction4 ,& ev5 z ! p]i%able1 ! humble1 ! insignificant reality becomes endur+ & valuable by ! t\* ( g5ius2 s also 9 ! v _w ( fiction itself ! intellectual creations ( "o man may be rais$ to inf9itely high] regions by ! h& ( ano!r1 may be transport$ into ! k+dom ( ano!r & nobl] art1 & !re be se5 m univ]sally & surr\nd$ by a newly acquir$ radiance4 ,9 ?is mann] ! tale ( ,romeo & ,juliet1 graci\sly & t5d]ly n>rat$ by ! old ,italian /ory-tell]1 0 transfigur$ by ,%akespe>e & en%r9$ 9 all ! spl5d\rs ( ,elizabe?an poetry2 ! figure ( ,psy*e1 delicately graceful 9 ! little romance ( ,apuleius1 reappe>$1 enl>g$ & glorifi$ by ! h& ( ,raphael1 on ! walls ( ! ,f>nes9a2 & ?us also our ,*]ub9o1 ! fanciful & brilliant creature ( ,beaum>*ais1 is kn[n to mo/ ( u f> less 9 8 orig9al %ape ?an 9 ! vague =m wov5 out ( subtle melodies to :i* ,moz>t has giv5 ! page's "n4 ,moz>t has1 z x 71 tak5 away ,*]ub9o f ,beaum>*ais2 he has1 = ! _w at l>ge1 sub/itut$ = ! page ( ! com$y ! page ( ! op]a4 ,beaum>*ais c\ld give u cle>-spok5 words1 dialogue & action1 a visible & tangible creature2 & ,moz>t c\ld give only a c]ta9 arrangem5t ( notes1 a c]ta9 am\nt ( rhy?m & h>mony1 a vague1 spee*less1 %apeless ?+2 yet mu* m ?an ! writt5 words d ^? notes repres5t to our fancy ! /range & fasc9at+ little figure1 ! wayw>d1 ! amor\s1 ! pranki%1 ! inc>nation ( *ildi%ness1 ( gallantry1 ( grace1 ( fun1 & ( mis*ief1 ! ar*etype ( pages--! page ,*]ub9o4 ,:at c\ld music d = ,*]ub9o8 ( :at means c\ld x dispose to reproduce ?is type1 ?is figure8 & h[ did1 h[ %\ld music h dispos$ ( ^? means8 ,ab\t ?is fanta/ic & brilliant little jackanapes ( a page c5tres a curi\s "q ( arti/ic anomaly1 ( arti/ic p[]1 & ( arti/ic duty4 ,! "p ( ,*]ub9o3 ! wayw>dness1 ! love1 ! levity1 ! audacity1 ! timidity1 ! maturity & immaturity ( ! page's feel+s1 are all conc5trat$ by ! admirable +5uity ( ! ,v5etian ,d',aponte1 :o arrang$ ,beaum>*ais's play = ,moz>t's music1 into "o air1 ! air sung by ,*]ub9o 9 t v equivocal int]view ) ! ,c\ntess & ,susanna1 s rudely to be brok5 by ! ?und]+ rap ( ! ,c\nt at ! door4 ,! air is ,voi *e sapete--,*]ub9o's description1 half to ! noble & s5tim5tal lady1 half to ! flippant & laugh+ wait+-maid1 ( ! curi\s symptoms1 ! my/]i\s hank]+s1 & attractions :i* ! boy has ( late begun to exp]i5ce--symptoms ( :i* he is half a%am$1 z calculat$ to br+ d[n laught] & boxes on ! e>1 & half pr\d1 mis*iev\sly consci\s t !y make him a p]sonage = all ?is womank9d4 ,e "o has he>d ,voi *e sapete sung a hundr$ times by doz5s ( s+]s 9 doz5s ( fa%ions1 till x has become 9 ! recollection a sort ( typical jumble ( all ^! v>i\s read+s2 b we once *anc$ to he> a read+ ( ,voi *e sapete :i* has rema9$ /rangely di/9ct & sep>ate 9 our remembrance2 :i* made t p]=mance ( ! hackney$ piece rema9 isolat$ 9 our m9d1 almo/ z if ! air _h nev] be=e or nev] s9ce be5 he>d by u4 ,! sc5e ( ! p]=mance has rema9$ 9 our memory z a :ole1 because ! look1 ! attitude1 ! face ( ! p]=m] seem$ to =m a :ole1 a unity ( expression & "*1 ) ! inflexions ( ! voice & ! acc5tuation ( ! words4 ,%e 0 /&+ by ! piano3 a ,spani% ,creole1 b1 in/ead ( ! precoci\s1 ov]bl[n magnific5ce ( tropical natures1 ) a some?+ almo/ *ildlike despite s]i\sness1 some?+ inflexible1 unexp&$1 unripe ab\t h]2 q small1 sl5d]1 inf9itely slight & delicate2 /&+ p]fectly /raight & motionless 9 h] long1 tight dress ( a%y rose col\r2 h] little d>k head ) its tight coils ( ebony hair p]fectly erect2 h] great d>k violet-circl$ eyes1 ) _! p]fect ellipse ( curv$ eyebr[ meet+ curv$ eyela%1 black & cle> aga9/ ! pale1 ivory-t9t$ *eek1 look+ /raight be=e h]2 self-unconsci\s1 conc5trat$1 e>ne/1 dignifi$1 ) only a fa9t flutt]+ smile1 to h]self1 n to ! audi5ce1 ab\t ! m\?4 ,%e sang ! page's song 9 a /range voice1 sweet & crisp1 l a ,cremonese viol91 ) a bloom ( y\?1 sc>cely mature yet p]fect1 l ! honey du/ ( ! v9e-fl[]2 sang ! piece ) an unruffl$ s]5ity1 ) passion1 no limpness or languor1 b passion re/ra9$1 or r undevelop$2 ) at mo/ a sc>cely p]ceptible hesitation & retic5ce ( acc5t1 z ( budd+ y\?ful emotion2 h] voice seem+ 9 "s unacc\ntable mann] to move 9 a high]1 subtl] /ratum ( atmosph]e1 z x dextr\sly m>k$1 r\nd$ (f1 kiss$ away ea* delicate little phrase4 ,:5 %e _h done1 %e gave a slight b[ ) h] pr\d little head1 half mode/ly & half contemptu\sly1 z1 ) h] rapid1 quiet movem5t1 %e resum$ h] seat2 %e probably felt t despite ! applause1 h] p]=mance did n really please4 ,no "o criticis$1 = !re 0 some?+ t =bade criticism 9 ?is solemn little creature2 & e "o applaud$1 = e "o felt t h] s++ _h be5 admirable4 ,b !re 0 no w>m? ( admiration1 no complete satisfaction3 %e _h sung ) wond]ful delicacy & ta/e & feel+2 h] p]=mance _h be5 exquisitely f9i%$1 p]fect2 b some?+ famili>1 some?+ ess5tial _h be5 miss+4 ,%e _h left out ,*]ub9o3 %e _h completely =gott5 & pass$ ov] ! page4 ,h[ 0 x8 ,h[ c\ld x be t ! some?+ :i* we felt 0 ! nature ( ! page1 ! some?+ :i* ev5 ! co>se/1 poore/ p]=m]s _h br\ght out 9 ?is piece1 _h completely disappe>$ 9 ?is wond]fully p]fect r5d]+ by ?is subtle little s+]8 ,p]haps ! r5d]+ _h be5 only mat]ially p]fect3 p]haps x 0 m]ely ! exquisite tone ( ! voice1 ! wond]ful neatness ( execution :i* _h giv5 x an appe>ance ( complet5ess2 p]haps ! real mean+ ( ! music _h escap$ h]2 p]haps !re 0 beh9d all ?is p]fection ( execution only a /olid dulness ( nature1 to :i* ! g5ius ( ,moz>t 0 n p]ceptible4 ,none ( all ^! possibilities & probabilities3 ! *ief *>act]i/ic ( ! p]=mance 0 exactly ! s5se ( p]fect musical intuition1 ( subtle appreciation ( e little intonation1 ! s5se t ?is docile & exquisite physical in/rum5t 0 be+ play$ ^u by a ke5 & unfl9*+ arti/ic intellig5ce4 ,! m y ?\ght ov] x1 ! m y comp>$ ?is p]=mance ) any o!r p]=mance ( ! piece1 ! m also did y feel conv9c$ t ?is 0 ! "r1 ! only "r read+ ( ! piece2 t ?is /range1 s]i\s little d>k creature _h giv5 y ! :ole1 ! p]fection ( ,moz>t's conception2 no1 !re c\ld be no d\bt ( x1 ?is & ?is alone 0 ,moz>t's idea ( ,voi *e sapete4 ,moz>t's idea8 ! :ole ( ,moz>t's conception8 "h1 9 ?is delicate1 dignifi$1 idyllic p]=mance8 ,! :ole8 ,:y !n1 :]e1 if ?is 0 ! :ole ( ,moz>t's conception1 :]e 0 ,*]ub9o1 :]e 0 ! page8 ,:y1 n[h]e4 ,n[ t ! song _h be5 pres5t$ to u 9 its untamp]$ p]fection1 t ! ?\ght ( ! compos] 0 cle> to u--n[ t we c\ld beg9 to analyse ! diff]5ce betwe5 ?is p]=mance & ! p]=mances ( o!r s+]s--we began to see1 vaguely at fir/ & n )\t d\bts ( our p[]s ( sight1 b to see1 & m & m di/9ctly ! long] we look$1 t ,*]ub9o 0 n 9 ,moz>t's "w1 b m]ely 9 ,beaum>*ais4 ,a v s+ul> conclusion to arrive at1 b "o n to be %irk$3 ,*]ub9o _h pass$ into ! words ( ,moz>t's ,italian libretto1 he _h pass$ into ! dress1 ! face1 ! feature1 ! action ( ! ?\s&s ( p]=m]s :o _h sung ! ,m>riage ( ,fig>o on ! /age2 b he _h n pass$ into ,moz>t's notes2 & because he _h n ent]$ into ^? notes1 t subtle & s]i\s little ,spani>d1 :o _h se5 & und]/ood s well ! mean+ & beauty ( ,moz>t's music1 _h kn[n no?+ ( ,*]ub9o4 ,n[1 aft] all ?is discussion respect+ 8 pres5ce & 8 abs5ce1 let u /ay a:ile & exam9e into ! be+ ( ?is ,*]ub9o1 s famili> & s imm$iately miss$ by u2 let u look at ! page1 :om ! clev] playwright ,d',aponte transport$1 ) extraord9>y success1 out ( ! ,fr5* com$y into ! ,italian op]a text4 ,v famili> to all ( u1 yet1 l ! ?+s mo/ famili>1 r vaguely2 se5 (t5 & 9 v>i\s lights1 fluctuat+ consequ5tly 9 our memory1 z di/+ui%$ f ! di/9ct & /eadfa/ image ( ?+s se5 only once & pr9t$ (f at a /roke on to our m9d4 ,at ! fir/ glance1 :5 we see him sitt+ at ! feet ( ! ,c\ntess1 s++ h] 8 love songs1 he seems a delicate poetic exotic1 ^: pres5ce takes u q aback 9 ! mid/ ( ! r\g$ & pigtail$ philosophy1 ! /ucco & t9sel s5tim5tality ( ! ,fr5* eighte5? c5tury4 ,9 ^! rooms1 all decorat$ by ,b\*] & ,fragon>d1 9 ?is society r$ol5t ) ! !ories ( ,did]ot & ! je/s ( ,voltaire1 ?is page1 ?is boy :o is almo/ a girl1 ) 8 ribbons & 8 ballads1 8 blu%es1 8 guit>1 & 8 rapi]1 appe>s l a ?+ ( long pa/ days1 or ( f> di/ant c\ntries2 a belat$ bro!r ( ,%akspe>e's ,ces>io & ,flet*]'s ,bell>io1 a /raggl] f ! ,spa9 ( ,lope de ,vega1 :o has foll[$ ,m4 ,c>on de ,beaum>*ais1 ex-wat*mak] & ex-musicma/] to ,mesdames ! daught]s ( ,l\is ,,xv41 f ,madrid1 & leap$ sudd5ly on to ! planks ( ! ,comdie ,franaise 444 a gho/ ( "s m$ival boy page1 "s little ,jehan de ,sa9tr kill$ crusad+ ) 8 lady's "n on 8 lips4 ,or is n ,*]ub9o r a solit>y =]unn] ( romanticism1 /umbl$ untimely into ?is ,france ( ,m>ie ,anto9ette2 "s eld] bro!r ( ,goe!'s ,mignon 444 nay1 p]haps ,mignon h]self1 disguis$ z or metamorphos$ into a boy4444 ,b let u look well at him3 let him f9i% 8 song & raise 8 audaci\s eyes2 let him rise & be pull$ to & fro1 ba%ful ) false ba%fulness half cov]+ 8 mis*iev\s1 monki% impud5ce1 :ile ,susanna is mumm+ him up 9 petticoats & k]*iefs2 let u look at him aga9 n[1 & we %all see t he is no ,jehan de ,sa9tr1 no male ,mignon1 no ,viola 9 boy's clo!s1 no sweetly pure little romantic figure1 b an imp]t95t1 precoci\s little ,lovelace1 a s]io-comic little jackanapes1 sigh+ & weep+ only to giggle & pir\ette on 8 heels ! next mom5t4 ,f ! ,c\ntess he w run to ! g>d5]'s daught]1 f h] to ! wait+-maid1 to ! du5na1 to all womank9d2 he is a pr(ess$ lady-kill] & woman-teas] ( ?irte54 ,!re is inde$ some?+ graceful & romantic 9 ! idea ( ?is pretty *ild consol+1 ) 8 poetical1 absurd love1 ! poor1 neglect$1 ill-us$ lady4 ,b !n he has be5 smuggl$ 9 by t dubi\s ,abigail1 ,susanna2 ! s5tim5tal1 melan*oly ,c\ntess is amus$ by dress+ him up 9 wom5's clo!s2 & :51 9 ! mid/ ( ! masqu]ade1 ! voice ( ! ,c\nt is he>d )\t1 ! page is huddl$ away into a closet1 8 pres5ce is viol5tly d5i$1 & ! ,c\ntess admits h] ador$ ?\gh fickle "l ) a curi\s1 consci\s1 half-guilty emb>rassm5t4 ,we feel vaguely t ,%akspe>e w\ld nev] h introduc$ 8 boy ,ganym$e or 8 page ,ces>io into t dress+-room ( ! ,c\ntess ,almaviva2 t ! ar*ly je/+ ,m>ia w\ld nev] h dream$ ( amus+ ! ,lady ,olivia ) su* mumm+s2 we miss 9 ?is pr\dly s5tim5tal lady1 9 ?is sly wait+-woman1 9 ?is calf-lov+ dress$-up boy ! frank & boi/]\s m]rim5t ( ,portia & ,n]issa 9 _! escapades & my/ifications2 !re is 9 all ?is too mu* lock+ ( doors & draw+ ( curta9s1 too mu* :isp]$ giggl+1 too little audible laught]2 !re hangs an indef9able s5se ( impropriety ab\t ! :ole sc5e4 ,no1 no1 ?is is no delicate & graci\s "y creature ( ! /ock ( ,elizabe?an pages1 no sweet exotic 9 ! ,france ( #aghj2 ?is ,*]ub9o is m]ely a graceful1 coquetti% little ,greuze figure1 ) an equivocal simplicity1 an ogl+ navet1 a smirk+ ba%fulness1 a hidd5 audacity ( corruption2 a creature ( ,/]ne or ,m>ivaux1 trick$ out 9 imitation ,m$ival g>b1 ) ! /ol5 consci\s w9k ( ! eye1 ! w\ld-be *ildlike smile1 t+$ ) le]1 ( eighte5? c5tury gallantry4 ,he is an imp]t95t1 effem9ate1 fondl$1 cynical little jackanapes2 ! y\nge/1 *ildi%1 monkeyi% example1 at pres5t m]ely comic & contemptible1 ( ! mis]able type ( "y lov]s giv5 to ,france by ! eighte5? c5tury2 ! enfant du sicle1 ext]nally a spl5did1 brilliant1 triumphant success1 int]nally a mis]able1 brok51 unmann$ failure2 ! *ild initiat$ into life by cynicism1 ! y\? educat$ to love by adult]y2 corrupt unrip5ess2 ! mo/ mis]able type ( demoralisation ev] br\ght into lit]ature1 ! type ( ,=tunio & ,p]dican1 & ( _! au?or ,alfr$ de ,musset2 a type :i* ! ,elizabe?ans1 ) _! ,claudios & ,giovannis1 c\ld n h conceiv$2 :i* ! ,spani>ds1 ) _! ,don ,juans & ,ludovic ,enios1 w\ld h despis$1 !y :o _h br\ght on to ! /age pr(ligacy :i* be>d$ dea? & hell1 turn+ ) contempt f pr(ligacy :i* c\ld be *a/is$ only ) ! bir*4 ,*]ub9o is ?is3 8 love is no poetic & silly passion = a woman mu* old] ?an himself1 be=e :om he s9ks on 8 knees z be=e a goddess2 x is ! in/9ct ( ! lady-kill]1 ! in/9ct ( adv5tures1 ! consci\sness 9 ?is boy ( ?irte5 t all womank9d is 8 de/9$ prey1 8 game1 8 qu>ry4 ,& womank9d in/9ctively und]/&s & makes ! ,lovelace ( ?irte5 its d>l+1 its toy1 its kitt51 its pet monkey1 all ^: grimac+s & coax+s & imp]t95ces may be endur$1 enjoy$1 enc\rag$4 ,he is ! graceful1 brilliant1 api% ,ariel or ,puck ( ! society ^: ,mir&as & ,titanias are ,julie & ,manon ,lescaut2 he is ! page ( ! ,fr5* eighte5? c5tury4 ,su* is1 :5 we analyse him1 ! page ,*]ub9o2 look+ at him c>elessly1 ) ! c>elessness ( famili>ity1 ^! v>i\s peculi>ities escape our notice2 !y m]ge into ea* o!r & into ! :ole figure4 ,b al?\gh we d n p]ceive !m consci\sly & 9 detail1 we take 91 vaguely & unconsci\sly1 _! total effect3 we d n analyse ,*]ub9o & classify 8 qualities1 we m]ely take him 9 z a g5]al type4 ,& x is ?is confus$ & famili> entity :i* we call ! page1 & :i* we expect to h br\ght home to u z soon z we he> ! fir/ notes1 z we see ! title ( ,voi *e sapete4 ,x is ?is entity1 ?is "* ?us vaguely conceiv$1 :i* =ms = u an ess5tial "p ( ,moz>t's music2 & ^: abs5ce f t music made u feel z if1 despite ! greate/ musical p]fection1 ,moz>t's idea 7 n completely giv5 to u4 ,yet1 9 reality1 ?is psy*ological comb9ation call$ ,*]ub9o does n exi/ 9 ! "w ( ,moz>t4 ,x exi/s only by ! side ( x4 ,we speak ( ! ,m>riage ( ,fig>o z ,moz>t's "w2 we are accu/om$ to ?9k ( ! ,c\ntess1 ( ,fig>o1 ( ,susanna1 ( ,*]ub9o z belong+ to ,moz>t2 b 9 reality only "o half ( ! ?+ we call ! ,m>riage ( ,fig>o belongs to ,moz>t--t half :i* consi/s 9 melodies & h>monies2 & z x happ5s1 x is n 9 t1 b 9 ! o!r half belong+ to ,beaum>*ais & ,d',aponte1 ! half consi/+ ( words & _! sugge/ions ( "*1 ( expression & ( movem5t1 t really exi/s1 ei!r ! ,c\ntess1 or ,fig>o1 or ,susanna1 or ,*]ub9o4 ,^? notes1 :i* alone are ,moz>t's & :i* are no?+ m ?an notes1 h be5 he>d by u 9 ! m\?s ( _m wom5 dress$ & act+ z ,beaum>*ais's *>act]s2 !y h be5 he>d by u associat$ to ! words ( ,beaum>*ais2 !y h be5 he>d deliv]$ ) ! dramatic inflections sugge/$ n by !mselves b by ^? words2 & ?us1 by m]e =ce ( association1 ( slov5ly ?\ght & active fancy1 we are accu/om$ to consid] all ^! *>act]s z exi/+ 9 ! music ( ,moz>t1 z be+ "p & p>cel ( ,moz>t's conception2 & :5 we are pres5t$ ) ^? notes1 :i*1 to ! musician ,moz>t1 7 m]ely notes )\t ^? dramatic inflections sugge/$ solely by ,beaum>*ais's words1 :5 we he> 9 ,voi *e sapete only ,moz>t's half ( ! "w1 we are disappo9t$ & indignant1 & cry out t ! compos]'s idea has be5 imp]fectly r5d]$4 ,*]ub9o1 we say1 is n 9 ,moz>t's half ( ! "w2 he is 9 ! words1 n 9 ! music4 ,is ?is a fault or a m]it8 is x impot5ce 9 ! art or indiff]5ce 9 ! arti/8 ,c\ld ,moz>t h giv5 u ,*]ub9o8 & if able1 ought he to h giv5 him8 ,! "q is d\ble2 a "q ( arti/ic dynamics1 & a "q ( arti/ic e?ics3 ! "q :at c art d2 & ! "q :at art ought to d4 ,! fir/ has be5 answ]$ by ! sci5tific inve/igations ( our own sci5tific times2 ! second has be5 answ]$ by ! arti/ic practice ( ! truly arti/ic days ( music4 ,! que/ions are /rangely l9k$ toge!r1 & yet /rangely sep>ate2 & woe betide u if we receive ! answ] to ! "o "q z ! answ] to ! o!r2 if we let ! k ( :at ?+s are s]ve u in/ead ( ! in/9ct ( :at ?+s %\ld d2 if we let sci5tific analysis /ep into ! place ( e?ical or /hetical judgm5t2 & if1 9 ! doma9 ( art or ( morals we ?9k to sub/itute a sy/em ( alembics & microscopes = t /range intangible me*anism :i* sci5ce tells u does n exi/1 & :i* inde$ sci5ce c nev] see or clut*1 our s\l4 ,= sci5ce has a s+ul> contempt = all t is )\t its doma92 x seeks = tru?1 b :5 tru? baffles & eludes x1 sci5ce w turn t[>ds falsehood2 x w d5y :at x _c prove1 & call ,god himself a bra9-phantom because he _c be vivisect$4 ,s1 :5 logic1 :i* c solve only logical propositions1 rema9s )\t explanation be=e ! dicta ( ! moral & /hetic p>ts ( u1 x simply d5ies ! exi/5ce ( su* dicta & replaces !m by its own =mul2 if we ask = ! aim ( ?+s & actions1 x tells u _! orig92 if we tru/+ly ask :5 we %\ld admire beauty & love virtue1 x drops ! ra9b[ into its crucible to discov] its *emical compon5ts1 & dissects ! bra9 ( a sa9t to exam9e ! %ape ( its convolutions2 x meets admiration & love ) exp]im5t & analysis1 &1 :]e we are requir$ to judge1 tells u we c only exam9e4 ,?us1 z 9 e?ics1 s also 9 /hetics1 mod]n philosophy has giv5 u ! means in/ead ( ! aim1 ! analysis in/ead ( ! judgm5t2 let u !re=e ask x only h[ mu* ( human "* & emotion music c express2 ! "q h[ mu* ( x music ought to express mu/ be answ]$ by some?+ else3 by t arti/ic in/9ct ^: composition & me*anism & orig9 sci5tific psy*ology may p]haps "s day expla91 b ^: un=mulat$1 in>ticulate1 half-unconsci\s dicta all ! sci5tific & logical =mul 9 ! _w c nev] replace4 ,z yet1 h[ev]1 we h to deal only ) ! "q h[ mu* ( human "* & emotion music c express1 & by :at means x does s2 & "h mod]n psy*ology1 or r ! g5ius ( ,h]b]t ,sp5c]1 is able to answ] u4 ,:y does dance music *e] u1 & milit>y music inspirit u1 & sacr$ music make u solemn8 ,a vague s5se ( ! tru? made /heticians answ]1 = well-nigh two c5turies1 by ! =ce ( association4 ,dance music *e]s u because we are accu/om$ to he> x 9 connection ) laugh+ & quips & cranks2 milit>y music inspirits u because we are accu/om$ to he> x 9 connection ) m>tial movem5ts & m>tial sights2 sacr$ music depresses u because we are accu/om$ to he> x at mom5ts :5 we are contemplat+ our weakness & mortality2 'tis a m]e matt] ( association4 ,to ?is easy-go+ way ( dispos+ ( ! problem !re 0 an evid5t & irrefutable objection3 b :y %\ld we be accu/om$ to he> a giv5 sort ( music 9 connection ) ^! v>i\s conditions ( m9d8 ,:y %\ld dance music1 & m>tial music1 & sacr$ music all h a p]fectly di/9ct "*1 :i* =bade1 f ! v fir/1 _! be+ ex*angeable8 ,if x is a matt] ( association ( ideas1 tell u :y su* *>act]s c\ld h be5 kept di/9ct be=e ! association ( ideas c\ld h begun to exi/8 ,to ?is objection !re 0 no reply2 ! explanation ( musical expression by means ( association ( ideas seem$ utt]ly holl[2 yet ! confus$ idea ( su* an association p]si/$4 ,= x 01 aft] all1 ! true explanation4 ,if we ask mod]n psy*ology ! reason ( ! specific *>act]s ( ! v>i\s sorts ( music1 we %all aga9 be answ]$3 x is ow+ to ! association ( ideas4 ,b ! two answ]s1 ?\gh app>5tly id5tical1 are 9 fact radically diff]5t4 ,! habit ( association exi/$1 accord+ to ! old !ory1 betwe5 v>i\s m5tal conditions & v>i\s sorts ( music1 because ! two 7 usually f\nd 9 connection2 h5ce no explanation :y1 be=e habit _h creat$ ! association1 !re %\ld h be5 any connection1 &1 !re be+ no connection1 no explanation :y ! habit & consequ5tly ! m5tal association %\ld ev] h be5 =m$4 ,accord+ to ! mod]n !ory1 on ! contr>y1 ! habit ( association is n betwe5 ! v>i\s m5tal conditions & ! v>i\s /yles ( music2 b betwe5 specific m5tal conditions & specific s\nds & movem5ts1 :i* s\nds & movem5ts1 be+ employ$ z ! con/itu5t elem5ts ( music1 give to ! musical =ms into :i* !y h be5 arti/ically arrang$ t inevitable sugge/ion ( a giv5 m5tal condition :i* is due to memory1 & become1 by repetition dur+ ?\s&s ( ye>s1 an in/9ct +ra9$ 9 ! race & inborn 9 ! individual1 a recognition rapid & unconsci\s1 t c]ta9 audible movem5ts are ! inevitable concomitants ( c]ta9 moral conditions4 ,! half-unconsci\s memory become "p & p>cel ( ! human m9d1 t1 j z c]ta9 m5tal conditions induce a movem5t 9 ! muscles :i* br+s te>s into ! eye or a knot into ! ?roat1 s also c]ta9 audible movem5ts are due to ! muscul> t5sion result+ f m5tal buoyancy1 & c]ta9 o!rs to ! muscul> relaxation due to m5tal depression1 ?is half-unconsci\s memory1 ?is in/9ct1 ?is inevitable association ( ideas1 g5]at$ long be=e music exi/$ ev5 9 ! mo/ rudim5t>y condition1 c>ri$ ) ! v>i\s elem5ts ( pit*1 movem5t1 sonority1 & proportion into ! musical =ms con/ruct$ out ( ^! elem5ts1 ?is unconsci\s association ( ideas1 ?is integrat$ recollection ( ! inevitable connection betwe5 c]ta9 s\nds & c]ta9 passions is ! "o ma9 cause & explanation ( ! expressiv5ess ( music4 ,& :5 to x we h add$ ! consci\s p]ception1 due to actual comp>ison1 ( ! resemblance betwe5 c]ta9 modes ( musical deliv]y & c]ta9 modes ( ord9>y speak+ acc5tuation1 betwe5 c]ta9 musical movem5ts & c]ta9 movem5ts ( ! body 9 ge/iculation2 :5 we h complet$ ! in/9ctive recognition ( passion1 :i* makes u cry or jump1 we "k n :y1 by ! rapidly reason$ recognition ( resemblance betwe5 ! utt]ance ( ! art & ! utt]ance ( human life1 :i*1 :5 we li/5 = in/ance to a recitative1 makes u say1 ,?is s5t5ce is absolutely correct 9 expression1 or1 ,no human be+ ev] said su* a ?+ 9 su* a mann]2 :5 we h ! in/9ctive p]ception ( passion1 & ! consci\s p]ception ( imitation2 & we h add$ to ^! two ! p[] ( tone & h>mony1 nei!r ( !m connect$ 9 any way ) ! expression ( emotion1 b bo? r5d]+ u1 by _! n]v\s /imulant1 inf9itely m s5sitive to its expression2 :5 we h all ?is1 we h all ! elem5ts :i* ! musician c employ to br+ home to u a def9ite /ate ( m9d2 all ! my/]i\s unspok51 unwritt5 words by means ( :i* ,moz>t c describe to u :at ,beaum>*ais has describ$ 9 cle>1 logical1 spok51 writt5 words--! page ,*]ub9o4 ,n[ let u see h[ mu* ( ,*]ub9o c be %[n u by ^! m]e musical means4 ,*]ub9o is *ildi%1 coquetti%1 s5tim5tal1 amor\s1 timid1 audaci\s1 fickle2 he is self-consci\s & self-unconsci\s1 passionately tr\bl$ 9 m9d1 impud5tly cool 9 mann]2 he is braz51 calm1 %y1 flutt]$2 all ^! ?+s toge!r4 ,sometimes 9 rapid alt]nation1 sometimes all toge!r 9 ! same mom5t2 & 9 all ?is he is p]fectly consi/5t1 he is always "o & ! same creature4 ,h[ does ! playwright contrive to make u see all ?is8 ,by means ( comb9ations ( words express+ "o or m ( ^! v>i\s *>act]i/ics1 by subtle phrases wov5 out ( diff]5t %ades ( feel+1 :i* glance 9 irridesc5t hues l a %ot silk1 :i* are bo? "o ?+ & ano!r2 by means also ( v>i\s emotions cunn+ly adapt$ to ! exact situation1 f ! timid s5tim5tality be=e ! c\ntess1 d[n to ! audaci\s love-mak+ ) ! wait+-maid2 by means1 9 %ort1 ( a hundr$ t9y /rokes1 ( words spok5 by ! page & ( ! page1 by means ( dext]\sly comb9$ views ( ! boy himself1 & ( ! reflection ( ! boy 9 ! feel+s ( ^? :o surr\nd him4 ,?us f> ! m]e words 9 ! book2 b ^! words 9 ! book sugge/ a ?\s& little inflections ( voice1 looks1 ge/ures1 movem5ts1 mann]s ( /&+ & walk+1 flutt] ( lips & sp>kle ( eyes1 :i* exi/ cle> ?\gh imag9>y 9 ! m9d ( ! read]1 & become cle>]1 visible1 audible 9 ! concrete repres5tation ( ! actor4 ,?us ,*]ub9o comes to exi/4 ,a phantom ( ! fancy1 a little figure f out ( ! %ad[ l& ( imag9ation1 b pres5t to our m9d z is ?is floor ^u :i* we tread1 alive z is ?is pulse ?robb+ )9 u4 ,ask ! musician to give u all ?is ) 8 m]e pit*1 & rhy?m & h>mony & sonority2 bid him describe all ?is 9 8 language4 ,alas6 9 ! pres5ce ( su* a piece ( "w ! musician is a m]e dumb cripple1 /amm]+ un9telligible s\nds1 tott]+ ?r\gh abortive ge/ures1 po9t+ we "k n :i!r1 ask+ we "k n = :at4 ,passionate music8 ,& is n ,o!llo passionate8 ,coquetti% music8 & is n ,susanna coquetti%8 ,t5d] music8 & is n ,orpheus t5d]8 ,cool music8 & is n ,judas ,maccabu cool8 ,impud5t music8 ,& is n ! snat* ( dance tune ( a ,p>isian grisette impud5t8 ,& :i* ( ^! sorts ( music %all fit our ,*]ub9o1 be our page8 ,%all we fuse1 9 wond]ful nameless abom9ation ( nons5se1 all ^! diff]5t /yles1 ^! diff]5t sugge/ions1 or %all1 z 9 a masqu]ade1 ?is dubi\s ,*]ub9o nev] se5 ) 8 own face & habit1 appe> successively 9 ! musical trapp+s ( ,o!llo1 ( ,orpheus1 ( ,susanna1 ( ,judas ,maccabu1 & ( ! ,grisette8 ,%all we1 by means ( ?is fusion1 or ?is succession ( musical incongruities1 h got "o in* ne>] to ,*]ub9o8 ,%all we1 9 li/5+ to ! m]e wordless comb9ation ( s\nds1 be able to say1 z we %\ld ) ! book or ! actors be=e u1 ?is is ,*]ub9o8 ,:at1 !n1 c music give u1 ) all its p[]s ( sugge/ion & feel+1 if x _c give u ?is8 ,x c give u "o ?+1 n ano!r3 x c give u emotion1 b x _c give u ! individual :om ! emotion possesses4 ,) its det]m9$ relations betwe5 ! audible movem5t & ! psy*ical movem5t1 x c give u only musical ge/ure1 b nev] musical portrait2 ! ge/ure ( composure or ( viol5ce1 ! solemn tread ( self-possess$ melody1 ! scuffl+ ( frantically ru%+ up & d[n1 ( ?robb+1 quiv]+1 gasp+1 passion-brok5 musical phrases2 x c give u ! rhy?m :i* prances & tosses 9 victory1 & ! rhy?m :i* droops1 & langui%es1 & b>ely drags itself along = utt] despair4 ,all ?is x c give u1 ev5 z ! pa9t] c give ! ec/atic b\nd-=w>ds ( ,signorelli's ,call+ ( ! ,bless$1 or ! we>y1 dre>y enfold+ 9 gloomy ?\ght ( ,mi*ael ,angelo's ,j]emiah3 ?is mu*1 :i* we c only call ge/ure1 & :i* expresses only "o ?+1 a mood4 ,let ! hopeful h]oes ( ,signorelli1 /ret*+ =? impetu\s arms t[>ds ,p>adise1 only lose sight ( ! /ately viol-play+ angels :o guide !m1 let !m sudd5ly see above !m ! awful sword ( ! corslet$ ,angel ( ,judgm5t1 & !y w s9k1 & grovel1 & wri! & _! n[ up-turn$ faces w be draggl$ 9 ! du/2 let ! trumpet ( w>f>e & triumph %rill 9 ! e> ( ,mi*ael ,angelo's ,j]emiah1 & ! dre>y dream w be %ak5 (f2 he w leap up1 & ! compress$ h&-gagg$ m\? w op5 ) ! yell ( battle2 let only ! emotion *ange1 & ! :ole ge/ure1 ! attitude1 pla/ic or musical1 mu/ *ange also2 ! already exi/+1 f9ite1 def9ite "w w no long] suffice2 we mu/ h a new picture1 or /atue1 or piece ( music4 ,& 9 ^! inexplicit arts ( m]e sugge/ion1 we _c say1 z 9 ! explicit art ( poetry1 ?is grovell+ wret* is a pr\d & hopeful _s2 ?is viol5t soldi] is a vague dream]2 ?is ,o!llo1 :o spr+s on ,desdemona l a wild bea/1 loves h] z t5d]ly z a "m does h] *ild4 ,unlit]>y art1 pla/ic or musical1 is inexorable3 ! man :o grovels is no pr\d man2 ! man :o fells d[n to ! "r & left1 is no dream]2 ! man ^: :ole s\l is wra? & de/ruction1 is no lov]2 ! mood is ! mood2 art c give only x2 & ! g5]al "*1 ! connection betwe5 moods1 ! homog5e\s some?+ :i* p]vades e phase ( passion1 h[ev] v>i\s1 escapes ! p[]s ( all save ! art :i* c speak & expla94 ,h[ !n obta9 our ,*]ub9o1 our %iftie/ & mo/ fickle ( pages8 ,h[8 ,:y1 by select+ j "o ( 8 v _m moods1 ! "o :i* is ne>e/ alli$ to fickl5ess & volubility2 ! mood :i* mu/ mo/ commonly be ! und]ly+1 ! connect+ "o1 ! mood into :i* all 8 swagg] & s5tim5t soon] or lat] resolve2 ! tone ( voice into :i* 8 sobs w quicke/ be lo/1 ! attitude :i* w soone/ replace ! defiant /rut2 ! frame ( m9d :i*1 ?\gh "o & indivisible itself1 is ! ne>e/ to in/ability3 levity4 ,let ,*]ub9o s+ words ( t5d]ness & passion1 ( audacity & %yness1 to only "o sort ( music1 to light & c>eless music2 let ! jackanapes be = ev] be=e u1 giggl+ & pir\ett+ 9 melody & rhy?m2 x w n be ,*]ub9o1 ! :ole ,*]ub9o2 x w be only a mis]able fragm5t>y indication ( him1 b x w be ! "r indication2 ! psy*ological p[]s ( music d n g f>1 b ?us f> !y c g4 ,analysis ( ! nature ( musical expression has %[n u h[ mu* x may accompli%2 ! *oice ( ! arti/ alone c tell u h[ mu* x %\ld accompli%2 ! sci5tific inve/igation is at an end1 ! arti/ic judgm5t mu/ beg94 ,*apelma/] ,wolfgang ,amadeus ,moz>t1 "h are y\r means ( musical expression1 & "h is ! ?+ to be express$2 on c>eful exam9ation x appe>s di/9ctly t ! only way 9 :i*1 ) y\r melodies1 rhy?ms1 & h>monies1 y c give u1 n a copy1 b a fa9t indicative sket*1 some?+ approa*+ ! orig9al z mu* z f\r l9es trac$ 9 ! alley s& ( y\r ,s*loss ,mirabell ,g>d5s at ,salzburg resemble ! g5]al aspect ( ! ,mirabell ,palace2 t ! only way 9 :i* y c give u su* a di/antly approximative4444 ,signor ,mae/ro ,wolfgang ,amadeus ,moz>t1 ,vice-,*apelma/] ( ,8 ,mo/ ,rev]5d ,highness ! ,pr9ce ,ar*bi%op ( ,salzburg1 has mean:ile sat d[n at 8 table ne> 8 ?9-legg$ sp9et1 ) ! bird-cage above & ! half-empti$ be]-glass at 8 side2 & 8 p5 is go+ scrat*1 scrat*1 scrat* z l\d z possible4 ,! only way 9 :i* y c possibly give u su* a di/antly approximative copy ( ! page ,*]ub9o z %[n 444 7,scrat*1 scrat*1 scrat* goes ! p5 on ! r\gh music pap]71 z %[n 9 ! words ( ,beaum>*ais & ( y\r libretti/ ,d',aponte1 is to compose music ( ! degree ( levity requir$ to express ! temp] jackanapes4 ,! ,*apelma/] ,moz>t's p5 gives an additional triumphant creak z its po9t b5ds 9 ! f9al fl\ri% ( ! ^w f9is2 ,*apelma/] ,moz>t looks up-- ,:at 0 t y 7 say+ ab\t jackanapes8 ,oh1 yes1 to be sure1 y 7 say+ t lit]>y folks :o try to prescribe to musicians are jackanapes1 w]5't y8 ,n[1 d me ! fav\r1 :5 y g out1 j take ?is to ! !atre copyi/2 !y are wait+ 9 a hurry = ,*]ub9o's song4444 ,yes1 t 0 all v int]e/+ ab\t ! jackanapes & all ! ?+s music c express4444 ,:o w\ld h ?\ght t musical expression is all t8 ,"l1 ,"l1 :at a f9e ?+ x is to h a reason+ head & "k all ab\t ! fundam5tal moods ( p's *>act]s6 ,my de> sir1 :y don't y pr9t a treatise on ! musical int]pretation ( ! jackanapes & s5d x to ! ,univ]sity ( ,vi5na = a prize8 t w\ld be a treatise = y6 ,only d be a good creature & take ?is song at once to ! copyi/4444 ,i assure y ,i consid] y ! f9e/ musical philosoph] 9 ,*ri/5dom4 ,! blott$1 /ill half-wet %eet ( note pap] is h&$ across by ,*apelma/] ,wolfgang ,amadeus ,moz>t4 ,x is ! manuscript ( ,voi *e sapete4 ,b de>e/ ,*apelma/] ,moz>t1 ! air :i* y h j writt5 appe>s to be n 9 ! lea/ degree light--x is ev5 extremely s5tim5tal4 ,h[ c y1 ) su* phrases1 express ! ,*]ub9o ( ,beaum>*ais8 ,& :o1 my de> ,mr4 ,music ,philosoph]1 :o ! deuce told y t ,i want$ to express ! ,*]ub9o ( ,beaum>*ais8 ,*apelma/] ,moz>t1 ris+ f 8 table1 walks up & d[n ! room ) 8 h&s cross$ b5ea? 8 snuff-col\r$ coat-tails1 humm+ to himself-- ,voi *e sapete *e cosa amor1 ,donne1 v$ete s'io l'ho nel cor1 & /ops be=e ! cage hang+ 9 ! w9d[1 & twit*+ ! *ickwe$ ?r\gh ! wires1 says-- ,twee6 twee6 isn't t a f9e air we h j compos$1 little can>y-bird1 eh8 ,twee6 twee6 answ]s ! can>y4 ,moz>t has will$ x s3 !re is no possible appeal aga9/ 8 decision2 8 arti/ic s5se w\ld n li/5 to our logic2 our argum5ts c\ld n atta9 him1 = he simply %ook f (f 8 feet ! du/ ( logic-l&1 & calmly laugh$ defiance f ! region ( arti/ic =m1 :]e he _h x all 8 own way1 & into :i* we poor wret*es c nev] clamb]4 ,s "h is ! page's song irrevocably s5tim5tal2 & ,moz>t has be5 9 8 grave n9ety ye>s2 & we "k n :y1 b we d %r9k f call+ 9 ,(f5ba* or ,lecocq to rewrite t air 9 true jackanapsian /yle4 ,:at c be done8 ,!re /ill rema9s ano!r hope4 ,= ! compos]1 z we h se51 c\ld give u--z c\ld ! pa9t] or ! sculptor--only "o mood at a "t2 = he c\ld give u only "o homog5e\s arti/ic =m4 ,b ?is arti/ic =m exi/s s f> only 9 ! ab/ract1 9 ! compos]'s bra9 or on ! pap]4 ,to r5d] x audible we require ! p]=m]2 on ! p]=m] dep5ds ! real1 absolute pres5ce ( ! "w2 or1 r1 to ! p]=m] is giv5 ! task ( creat+ a second "w1 ( apply+ on to ! ab/ract composition ! liv+ inflexions & acc5tuations ( ! voice4 ,& "h1 aga91 ! p[]s ( musical expression1 ( awak+ association by means ( s\nds or mann] ( giv+ out s\nds su* z we recognize1 automatically or consci\sly1 to accompany ! emotion t is to be convey$2 "h aga9 ^! p[]s are giv5 to ! arti/ to d !re) :at he *oose4 ,?is second arti/1 ?is p]=m]1 is n s free inde$ z ! fir/ arti/1 ! compos]2 he c long] *oose among ! l>ge means ( expression ! =ms ( melody & rhy?m1 ! concat5ation ( musical phrases2 b !re are /ill left to him ! m9or modes ( expression1 ! p>ticul> mann] ( sett+ =? ^! musical =ms1 ( treat+ ?is rhy?m2 ! notes are !re1 & _! g5]al relations to "o ano!r1 b on him dep5ds ! *oice ( ! relative /ress on ! notes1 ( ! tight5+ or slack5+ ( _! relations2 ( ! degree ( importance to be giv5 to ! v>i\s phrases4 ,! great outl9e c>toon is !re1 b ! cunn+ lights & %ades1 transitions1 abrupt or ins5sible1 f t9t to t9t1 /ill rema9 to be fill$ up4 ,a second *oice ( mood is left to ! s+]4 ,& see6 "h arises a /range complication3 ! compos] hav+ 9 8 "w *os5 "o mood1 & ! s+] ano!r1 we obta9 9 ! fusion or juxtaposition ( ! two works1 ( ! two moods1 t v ?+ we desir$1 t v %imm] & oscillation ( "* :i* ! poet c\ld give1 t dualism ( nature requir$ = ,*]ub9o4 ,:at is ,*]ub9o8 ,a s5tim5tal jackanapes4 ,moz>t 9 8 notes has giv5 u ! s5tim5t1 & n[ we c get ! levity f ! p]=m]--un?\ght-( comb9ation1 9 :i* ! v irrational1 illogical *oice made by ! compos] w help u4 ,"h are ,moz>t's phrases1 e>ne/1 t5d]1 noble--,moz>t's love song fit = a ,bell>io or a ,romeo2 n[ let ?is be sung quickly1 lightly1 ) p]v]se musical head-toss+ & tripp+ & ogl+1 let ?is passion be gabbl$ out flippantly1 impud5tly--& !n1 9 ?is p]fect mixture ( ! noble & ignoble1 ( emotion & levity1 ( poetry & prose1 we %all h1 at la/1 ! page ( ,beaum>*ais4 ,a brilliant comb9ation1 a comb9ation :i*1 ?us reason$ out1 seems s difficult to conceive2 yet "o :i* ! in/9ct ( half1 nay1 ( ne>ly all ! p]=m]s 9 creation w\ld sugge/4 ,a page8 ,a jackanapes8 ,s+ ! music z befits him2 giggle & ogle1 & pir\ette1 & langui% out ,moz>t's music3 an univ]sal idea n[ become "p & p>cel ( tradition3 ! only new v]sion possible be+ to give m or less ( ! v>i\s elem5ts ( giggl+1 ogl+1 pir\ett+1 & langui%+2 to slightly v>y ! /yle ( jackanapes4 ,b no1 ano!r v]sion did rema9 possible3 t /range v]sion giv5 by t /range solemn little ,spani% s+]1 aft] ^: s++ ( ,voi *e sapete we all felt dissatisfi$1 & ask$ ea* o!r1 ,:at has %e done ) ! page8 ,t wond]ful read+ ( ! piece 9 :i* e l>ge outl9e 0 s gr&ly & delicately trac$1 e transition s subtly graduat$ or m>k$1 e little ornam5t made to blossom out b5ea? ! t\* ( ! s+ul> crisp1 sweet voice3 t read+ :i* left out ! page4 ,0 x ! blund] ( an idealess vocal ma*9e8 or ! contradictory ecc5tricity ( a seek] aft] impossible novelty8 ,0 x simply ! dullness ( a sull51 s\lless little s+]8 ,surely n4 ,%e 0 nei!r an idealess vocal ma*9e1 nor a crot*etty seek] = new read+s1 nor a s\lless sull5 little creature2 %e 0 a p[] 9 art4 ,a p[]1 alas6 wa/$ = ev]1 ( little or no pr(it to o!rs or h]self2 a beautiful & delicate arti/ic plant uproot$ j z x 0 bur/+ into blossom1 & r\ghly ?r[n to )] 9 ! /]ile du/ ( common life1 :ile all ar\nd ! insol5t we$s lift up _! prosp]\s tawdry heads4 ,( ?is sl5d] little d>k creature1 ) ! delicate /]n face ( ! "y ,augu/us1 n a s\l w ev] rememb] ! "n4 ,%e w n ev5 h enjoy$ ! *eap triumphs ( h] art1 ! applause :i* endures two seconds1 & ! /alkless fl[]s :i* )] 9 a day2 ! clapp+ :i* int]rupts ! f9al fl\ri%1 ! tight-pack$ nosegays :i* ?ump d[n be=e ! feet1 ( e fiftie?-rate m$iocrity4 ,yet ! arti/ic p[] w h be5 !re1 ?\gh gone to wa/e 9 obscurity3 & ! s+] w h sung1 ?\gh only = a day1 & = t day unnotic$4 ,no?+ c alt] t4 ,& no?+ c alt] ! fact t1 :ile ! logical heads ( all ! critics1 & ! s\lless ?roats ( all ! s+]s 9 ,*ri/5dom h done _! be/1 & ev] w d _! be/ to give u a real musical ,*]ub9o1 a real s5tim5tal :ipp]-snapp] ( a page1 ?is utt]ly unnotic$ little s+] did p]si/ 9 leav+ out ! page mo/ completely & entirely4 ,:y8 ,_h y ask$ h]1 %e w\ld h be5 ! la/ p]son 9 ! _w capable ( answ]+ ! "q4 ,did %e consid] ! expression ( su* a p]son z ,*]ub9o a pro/itution ( ! art8 ,_h %e "s !ory respect+ ! propriety ( dramatic effects 9 music8 ,n 9 ! v lea/2 %e consid]$ no?+ & !oris$ ab\t no?+3 %e probably nev] _h su* a ?+ z a ?\ght 9 ! :ole c\rse ( h] exi/5ce4 ,%e _h only an unsw]v+ arti/ic in/9ct1 a complete incapacity ( conceiv+ ! arti/ically wrong1 an imp]i\s unreason+ t5d5cy to d ! arti/ically "r4 ,%e _h read ,moz>t's air1 und]/ood its exquisite proportions1 creat$ x afre% 9 h] appreciation1 & %e sang x 9 su* a way z to make its beauty m real1 m complete4 ,%e _h unconsci\sly c>ri$ out ! design ( ! compos]1 fulfill$ all t c\ld be fulfill$1 p]fect$ ! m]e music ( ,moz>t's air4 ,& z 9 ,moz>t's air !re 0 & c\ld be 7inasmu* z x 0 purely beautiful7 no page ,*]ub9o1 s also 9 h] s++ ( ! air !re 0 none3 ,moz>t _h *os51 & %e _h abid$ by 8 *oice4 ,su* is ! little circle ( fact & argum5t4 ,we h se5 :at means ! inh]5t nature ( music af=d$ to compos] & p]=m] = ! expression ( ,beaum>*ais's ,*]ub9o2 & we h se5 ! compos]1 & ! p]=m] :o 0 true to ! compos]1 bo? *oose1 in/ead ( express+ an equivocal jackanapes1 to produce & complete a beautiful "w ( art4 ,7 !y "r or 7 !y wrong8 ,criticism1 analysis1 has said all x c\ld1 giv5 all its explanations2 arti/ic feel+ only rema9s to judge1 to condemn1 or to praise3 ?is "o fact rema9s1 t 9 ! "w ( ! great compos]1 we h f\nd only c]ta9 lovely patt]ns made out ( s\nds2 b 9 !m1 or beh9d !m1 n a ve/ige ( ! page ,*]ub9o4 ,,9 ,,umbria4 ,a ,,/udy ,,( ,,arti/ic ,,p]sonality4 444 gr&e1 au/]a1 v]de1 ,da le montagne digradanti 9 c]*io1 ,l',umbria gu>da4--,,c>ducci4 ,! autumn sun is decl9+ ov] ! fields & oak-woods & v9ey>ds ( ,umbria1 :]e--9 ! wide undulat+ valley1 inclos$ by high r\nd$ hills1 bleak or d>k ) ilex1 ea* ) its /range t]rac$ :ite city1 ,assisi1 ,spello1 ,spoleto1 ,todi--! ,tib] w9ds lazily along1 pale gre51 limpid1 sc>ce rippl$ ov] its yell[ pebbles1 scre5$ by long r[s ( re$s1 & ?9n$1 yell[+ popl>s1 reflect+ dimly ! sky & trees1 ! po9t$ m$ival bridges & ! cr5elat$ t[]s on its banks2 s cle> & placid t y c sc>cely br+ home to y\rself t ?is c really be ! ,tib] ( ,rome1 ! turbid mass ( yell[ wat] :i* eddies sull5 & m\rnful r\nd ! %ip-%ap$ isl&1 along by ,ve/a's temple1 b5ea? ! cypress$ ,av5t9e1 & away into ! desolate ,campagna4 ,gradually1 z ! sun s9ks1 ! valley ( ! ,tib] fills ) gold5 light mov+ along1 little by little1 travell+ sl[ly up ! wood$ hillocks2 cov]+ ! blui% m\nta9s ( ,somma & ,subasio ) a purple flu%1 mak+ ! :ite t[ns rosy on _! flanks1 & !n dy+ away into ! pale amb] horizon1 rosy :]e x t\*es ! hill1 pe>ly1 !n blui% :]e x m]ges imp]ceptibly into ! upp] sky4 ,blu] & blu] become ! hills1 deep] & deep] ! at fir/ fa9t amb]2 ! valley is fill$ ) grey-blue mi/2 ! hills /& out d>k blue1 cold1 & massive2 ! sky above becomes a livid rose col\r2 !re is sc>cely a filam5t ( cl\d1 & only a /reak ( gold5 orange :]e ! sun has disappe>$4 ,!re is a sudd5 /illness1 z :5 ! la/ *ords ( a great symphony h di$ out4 ,all ! way up ! hill on :i* /&s ,p]ugia we meet ! teams ( huge ox51 n m]ely :ite1 b milky1 ) great1 deep1 long-la%$ eyes1 sway+ f side to side ) _! load ( w9e-vats2 & ! peasants return+ home f pl\gh+ up ! la/ corn /ubble4 ,all is peaceful & v solemn1 m s ?an aft] sunset 9 o!r places1 9 ?is sweet & au/]e ,umbria1 ! fit home ( ! ,*ri/ian revival ( ! e>ly ,middle ,ages4 ,& x makes u ?9k1 ?is beautiful & solemn ev5+1 ( ! little book :i* epitomises all ! emotions ( ?is new bir?1 ( ?is *>m+ new *ildhood ( humanity1 :5 ! feel+s ( m5 seem to h some:at ( ! dewy fre%ness ( dawn4 ,! book is ! ,fioretti di ,san ,francesco1 a collection ( leg5ds & examples relat+ to ! cycle ( ,/4 ,francis ( ,assisi by "s monk or monks ( ! end ( ! ?irte5? c5tury4 ,fl[]ets !y may well be call$--fl[]s su* z might gr[1 gre5 & :ite-/>r$ & delicately pe>l$ ) gold1 9 ! ?ick grass across :i* dance ,angelico's gr\ps ( ! ,bless$4 ,yet ) a c]ta9 humanness1 a c]ta9 reality & naturalness ( sweetness1 su* z ! great p>adise pa9t]1 ) 8 fle%less madonnas1 8 glory ( radiant1 une>?ly drap]ies & gold5 skies1 nev] c\ld h conceiv$4 ,a s+ul> *>m ( simplicity & lucidness 9 ?is little book2 no fev] visions or unheal?y glories2 an e>ne/ness n )\t hum\r3 !re is no?+ grim or absurd 9 ! cr$ulity & asceticism ( ^! ,umbrian sa9ts4 ,! asceticism is s g5tle & t5d]1 ! cr$ulity s *ildi% & poetical1 t ! ridicul\s itself ceases to be s4 ,^! monks1 s f> f be+ engross$ ) ! c>e ( _! own s\ls1 or weigh$ d[n by ! dread ( hell1 seem$ to h awak5$ ) p]fect hope & fai? 9 cele/ial goodness1 ) p]fect desire to love all ar\nd !m 9 ! mo/ lit]al s5se3 religion = !m is love & reliance on love4 ,! g5tl5ess ) :i* !y admoni% ! s9n+ & back-slid+1 ! confid5ce 9 ! inn] goodness ( man1 f ^: soil$ surface all evil may be wa%$1 ext5ds 9 ^! m5 to ! :ole ( creation1 & makes !m frat]nise ) bea/s & birds1 z is %[n1 ) a delicate1 slightly humor\s grace1 9 ! /ories ( ,/4 ,francis & ! turtle doves1 & ( ! f]oci\s wolf ,frate ,lupo ( ,gubbio1 :om r ?an kill1 x pleas$ ! sa9t to br+ r\nd to h>mlessness by fair words1 expo/ulations1 & fai?fully kept promises1 expect+ f ! wolf fidelity to 8 ^w z mu* z f a human be+4 ,!re is 9 ?is little book a vague1 float+1 p]meat+ life ( affection1 ( love unb\nd$ by diff]5ce ( species4 ,communion ) all m51 ) ,*ri/1 ) angels1 ) doves1 & ) wolves2 ! =ce ( love br++ d[n ,god & rais+ up brutes to ! level ( ^! sa9ts4 ,& z we ?9k ov] ! little book we feel 9 a way z if we1 to :om ,francis & 8 companions are m]e mortal m51 & ! tales ( ! ,fioretti m]e beautiful fancies1 holl[ & sad = _! v sweetness1 7 look+ d[n ^u a sort ( holy l&1 z we look d[n 9 ! :ite twilight ^u ! mi/y undulations ( ?is solemn & beautiful ,umbria4 ,a s]5e c\ntry1 nei!r rugg$ & b>r51 nor flat & f]tile1 n ! grey1 %>p ,flor5t9e valley1 ^: ?9 soil mu/ be irrigat$ & pl\gh$1 & on ^: hillsides ! c>efully nurtur$ olives are /unt$ ) w9t] w9d & summ] scor*+s1 :]e e outl9e is cle> & bone-l 9 t same h>d1 light atmosph]e :i*1 z ,vas>i says1 makes all appe> h>d & cle> & logical to ! m9ds ( ! ,flor5t9es4 ,n ! endless flatness & fruitfulness ( ,lomb>dy1 :]e ! mi/s /eam up 9 ! ev5+ gold5 r\nd ! great mi/y gold5 desc5d+ sun-ball1 & ! build+s flu% l ! *eeks ( ,correggio's joy-drunk5 s]aphs1 & ! ?91 cle> outl9e ( ! r[s ( popl>s looks aga9/ ! sky l ! out%ak5 gold5 hair comb$ into m9ute filam5ts ( "o ( ,lion>do's wom54 ,nor ! dre>y wa/es ( s]e oakwoods & livid s&-hills ( ,orvieto2 nor ! sea ( lu% vegetation gild$ by ! sun1 m]g+ into ! vapor\s damp blue sky ( ! pla9 ( ,lucca4 ,none ( ^! ?+s is ! ,tib] valley1 n h>% nor poor nor luxuriant2 sob] & re/ra9$1 )\t excess or scantness1 an undulat+ c\ntry ( pale & mode/ t9ts1 &1 save 9 ! di/ant ,ap5n9e tops1 ( simple outl9e1 ) :at glory ( col\rs x may h1 due ma9ly to sky & sunset ( cl\d1 & ev5 9 t m *a/e ?an o!r p>ts ( ,italy2 nei!r poor nor ri*2 )\t ! comm]ce ( ,lomb>dy or ! indu/ry ( ,tuscany1 :olly )\t any intellectual movem5t1 rural1 believ+1 ) b little ( ! import$ influ5ce ( reviv+ ,paganism1 & /ill mu* ( ! cl++ moral atmosph]e ( ,*ri/ian contemplation & ec/acy ( ! days ( ,/4 ,francis4 ,su* is ?is isolat$ ,tib] valley1 ^: skies & ^: leg5ds are s p]fectly 9 h>mony1 & 9 x 0 born1 ( ! c\ntry & ( ! traditions1 a special1 isolat$ s*ool ( art4 ,is x a s*ool or a man8--,a s*ool conc5trat$ 9 "o man1 or a man radiat+ into a s*ool4 ,!re are a great _m m5 all ab\t ! "o man ,p]ug9o1 ma/]s or pupils2 ! fir/ seem s _m bungl$ attempts to be :at he is1 ! second s _m dis9tegrations ( him4 ,ev5 ! m p[]ful individualities are lo/ 9 8 pres5ce2 at ,p]ugia we "k no?+ ( ! real ,p9turic*io1 ! bright1 va91 ?\ghtless pa9t]s ( ! pageant sc5es1 brilliant l pages ( ,boi>do's fairy tales1 on ! walls ( ! ,si5ese ,libr>y4 ,raphael is no sep>ate individual1 has no p]sonal qualities be=e he leaves ,p]ugia4 ,ev]y?+ is ,p]ug9o1 9 m or less degree4 ,! :ole t[n1 nay1 ! surr\nd+ c\ntry1 is "o va/ /udio 9 :i* 8 !mes are be+ develop$1 8 works be+ copi$1 8 tricks be+ imitat$4 ,a score ( arti/s ( tal5t1 "o or two l ,lo ,spagna & ! "y ,raphael1 ( fir/-rate p[]s1 & a ho/ ( m]e me*anical drudges1 give u1 9 all ,p]ugia1 no?+ new1 no?+ individual1 no impression :i* we c dis5tangle f ! g5]al1 all-p]vad+ impression giv5 by ! "o man ,p]ug9o4 ,! c\ntry1 physical & moral1 has exhau/$ itself 9 ?is "o arti/ic manife/ation4 ,"o n m]ely1 b unique & "o-sid$4 ,:at ,p]ug9o has done has be5 done by no o!r ma/]2 & :at ,p]ug9o has done is only "o ?+1 & t to all et]nity4 ,! s5se ( complete abs5ce ( v>iety1 ( diff]5ce2 ! impression ( all be+ r$uc$ to ! m9imum ( ev]y?+1 ! vague consci\sness t all "h is "o1 isolat$ & indivisible1 :i* haunts u all ?r\gh ! *ur*es & gall]ies ( ,p]ugia1 pursues u likewise ?r\gh all ! works ( ! s*ool1 t is to say1 ( ,p]ug9o himself4 ,?is unique s*ool1 consi/+ 9 reality ( a s+le man1 possesses only "o !me1 "o type1 "o idea1 "o feel+2 x does1 x attempts b "o ?+1 & t "o ?+ means isolation1 conc5tration1 elim9ation ( all b "o s+le mood4 ,x is ! pa9t+ ( solitude2 ( ! isolat$ s\l1 alone1 unaffect$ by any o!r1 unl9k$ 9 any "w1 or feel+1 or suff]+1 ) any o!r s\l1 nay ev5 ) any physical ?+4 ,! m5 & wom5 ( ,p]ug9o are ! mo/ completely alone t any arti/ ev] pa9t$1 alone ?\gh 9 f\rs1 or fives1 or 9 cr[ds4 ,_! relations to ea* o!r are purely ar*itectural3 x is a matt] ( m]e symmetry1 ev5 z x is ) ! m\ld+s or c>v+s ( ! frame :i* surr\nds !m4 ,sup]ficially1 tak5 m]ely z s _m columns1 or half-ar*es ( ! p9nacl$ :ole ( ! composition1 !y are1 9 8 l>g] works1 m rigor\sly relat$ to ea* o!r ?an are ! figures ( any o!r pa9t] ( sev]ely ar*itectural gr\ps2 comp>$ ) ,p]ug9o1 ! figures 9 ,bell9i's or ,mantegna's mo/ solemn alt>pieces are irrelevant to ea* o!r3 "o sa9t is turn+ too mu* aside1 ano!r look+ too mu* on 8 neighb\r4 ,n s ) ,p]ug9o3 8 figures are all 9 relation to "o ano!r4 ,! sc>f float+ 9 /range snakelike convolutions1 f ! %\ld] ( ! "o angel fly+1 cutt+ across ! pale blue air z a skat] cuts across ! ice1 floats & curls 9 di/9ct ref]5ce to ! ribbons :i* twi/1 l lilac or yell[ scrolls1 ab\t ! head & neck ( ! o!r angel2 ! lute1 ) d[n-turn$ bulb1 ( ! "o s]aph1 8 %imm]+ purple or ultram>9e robe cl++ 9 tight creases r\nd 8 feet 9 ! breeze ( heav51 is rigor\sly balanc$ by ! viol1 upturn$ aga9/ ! /oop+ head1 ( 8 fell[-s]aph2 ! :ite-be>d$ an*orite /ret*es =? 8 "r foot 9 h>mony ) ! out/ret*$ left foot ( ! sc>let-rob$ c>d9al2 ! da9ty ar*-angelic w>rior drolly designat$ z ,scipio1 or ,c9c9natus on ! wall ( ! ,money ,*ang]'s ,hall turns 8 delicate1 qua9tly-cre/$ head1 & raises 8 vague-look+ eyes to mat* ! upturn$ plum$ head ( ! o!r cele/ial knight4 ,all ! figures are di/9ctly connect$ ) ea* o!r2 b !y are connect$ z are ! pill>ets1 v>i\s1 b diff]5t1 :i* balance ea* o!r 9 l5g? & ?ickness & "*1 a twi/$ ) a twi/$ "o1 a tw91 /rangely l9k$ pair ) ano!r su*1 on ! symmetrically slop+ front ( "s ,lomb>d ca!dral2 ! connection is purely out]1 purely ar*itectural2 & ! solitude ( ea* figure z a human be+1 z a body & a m9d1 is only ! m complete4 ,!re is no gr\p+ 9 ^! cunn+ly balanc$ alt>pieces2 !re is no common employm5t or movem5t1 no action or reaction4 ,angels & w>riors & sa9ts & sibyls /& sep>ate1 ! "o nev] t\*+ ! o!r1 ap>t1 ea* alone aga9/ ! pale gre5i% backgr\nd4 ,!y may look1 ! "o t[>ds ! o!r1 b !y nev] see ea* o!r4 ,!y exi/ q s+le & isolat$1 ea* unconsci\s t !re is any o!r4 ,ano!r--inde$1 !re is no o!r2 9 reality1 e "o is 9 complete solitude2 x is only ! canvas :i* makes !m appe> 9 ! same place4 ,!y are n 9 ! same place1 or r !re is no place2 ! s(t gre5 field1 ! blue hills1 d>k5+ aga9/ ! gre5i% ev5+ sky1 ! sp>e1 ?9ly leav$ little trees1 ! :ite t[] 9 ! di/ance1 ?is little piece ( ,umbrian c\ntry has no?+ to d ) any ( !m4 ,!y are n[h]e2 or r ea* tak5 s+ly is n[h]e4 ,place1 l subject & action1 has be5 elim9at$2 ev]y?+ has1 :i* possibly c\ld4 ,! v bodies seem r$uc$ to ! lea/ possible3 !re is no int]e/ 9 !m3 all is conc5trat$ ^u ! delicate n]v\s h&s1 on ! faces2 9 ! faces1 ^u eyes & m\?1 till ! :ole face seems sc>cely m ?an tremul\s lips1 half p>t$1 rais$ vividly to kiss1 to suck 9 ! impalpable2 ?an dilat+ pupils1 /ra9+ vaguely to seize1 to absorb1 to burn into !mselves ! invisible4 ,x is ! embodim5t1 ) only z little body z is absolutely requir$1 ( a s\l2 & t s\l simplifi$1 r>efi$ into only "o condition ( be+3 beatitude ( contemplation4 ,z place & action h be5 elim9at$1 s also has "t3 !y w = ev] rema91 alone1 9 ! same attitude2 !y w nev] move1 nev] *ange1 nev] cease2 !re exi/s = !m no o!r occupation or possibility4 ,& z ! bodies are sep>ate1 isolat$ f all physical objects1 s is ! s\l3 x t\*es no o!r human s\l1 t\*es no e>?ly int]e/3 x is alone1 motionless1 space & "t & *ange h ceas$ = x3 contemplat+1 absorb+ = all et]nity t :i* ! eye _c see1 nor ! h& t\* nor ! w influ5ce1 ! my/]i\s1 ! ineffable4 ,are !y really sa9ts & angels1 & prophets & sibyls8 ,surely n--= all su* act or suff]2 = ea* ( ^! !re is a local habitation1 & a def9ite duty4 ,^! /range creatures ( ,p]ug9o's are n sup]natural be+s 9 ! same s5se z are ^? rob$ 9 iridesc5t1 impalpable glory ( ,angelico2 or ^? o!rs1 clo!d 9 m ?an human muscle & s9ew1 ( ! vault ( ! ,sixt9e4 ,:at are !y8 ,n visions become concrete1 b ! act ( vision p]sonifi$4 ,!y are n ! objects ( religi\s feel+2 !y are its mo/ ab/ract1 int5se reality4 ,yes1 !y are reality4 ,!y are no f>-fet*$ fancies ( ! arti/4 ,!y are s\ls & s\l-saturat$1 s\l-m\ld$ bodies :i* he saw ar\nd him4 ,= 9 t ,umbria ( ! dy+ fifte5? c5tury--:]e ! old cities1 _! old fre$om & indu/ry & comm]ce well-nigh dw9dl$ to no?+1 _h %runk ea* on its m\nta9-side into m]e huge b>racks ( m]c5>y troop]s or /rongholds ( milit>y b&it nobles1 cont9ually besieg$ & sack$ & heap$ ) massacre by rival families & rival factions2 :]e 9 ! op5 c\ntry1 ! villag]s1 p5t-up 9 =tifi$ f>ms & b>ns1 7 burnt1 wom5 & *ildr51 ) ! /or$-up fodd]1 or slaught]$ & ca/ 9 heaps into ! ,tib]1 & e ye> ! tangl$ bru%wood ( ilex & oak & bri>s encroa*$ fur!r ^u ! deva/at$ cornfields & olivey>ds1 & ! wolves & foxes roam$ ne>] & ne>] to ! cities--9 ?is t]rible b>b>\s ,umbria ( ! days ( ,cs> ,borgia1 ! s\l develop$ to /range une>?ly p]fection4 ,x develop$ by ! =ce ( antagonism & isolation4 ,?is city ( ,p]ugia1 :i* 0 gov]n$ by ! mo/ f]oci\s & trea*]\s little m]c5>y capta9s2 ^: d>k precipit\s /reets 7 full ( broil & blood%$1 & ^: palaces full ( evil1 =bidd5 lu/ & family conspiracy1 0 "o ( ! mo/ pi\s 9 all ,italy4 ,wondr\s miracul\s prea*]s1 inspir$ & wild1 7 = ev] prea*+ 9 ! mid/ ( ! iniquity2 holy monks & nuns 7 = ev] see+ visions & cur+ ! incurable2 *ur*es & hospitals 7 be+ erect$ ?r\gh\t t[n & c\ntry2 novices cr[d$ ! ev]-increas+ conv5ts4 ,s5sitive s\ls 7 sick5$ by ! surr\nd+ wick$ness1 & t]rifi$ le/ x %\ld triumph ov] !m2 resi/ x1 bravely expose !mselves to x1 prev5t or mitigate ! evil ( o!rs !y d>$ n3 a moral plague 0 ?ick 9 ! air1 & ^? :o w\ld escape infection mu/ ne$s fly1 take refuge 9 /range spiritual solitude1 9 isolat$ heights :]e ! moral air 0 r>efi$ & icy4 ,( ! p]fectly human1 sociable devotion ( ! days ( ,/4 ,francis1 ( ! active b5evol5ce & righte\sness1 !re 0 n[ no "q3 ! wolves _h become too frightfully num]\s & rav5\s to be prea*$ to l t ,bro!r ,wolf ( ! ,fl[]ets ( ,/4 ,francis4 ,active good !re c\ld n[ no long] be3 ! pure s\l became inactive1 passive1 p[]less ov] ! evil ar\nd1 contemplat+ = ev] a di/ant1 ineffable excell5ce2 aspir+1 /]ile1 & meagre1 at be+ absorb$ into t glory ( p]fect virtue at :i* x 0 = ev] gaz+4 ,?is solit>y & inactive devotion1 rais$ f> above ?is _w1 is ! feel+ out ( :i* are m\ld$ ^? sc>ce embodi$ s\ls ( ,p]ug9o's4 ,^? emaciat$ hectic "y faces1 absorb$ 9 "o ineffable passion1 :i* 9 _! weakness & int5sity are s inf9itely fem99e1 are inde$ ma9ly ! faces ( wom5--( ^? noble & holy ladies l ,atalanta ,baglioni1 liv+ 9 moral solitude among _! turbul5t clan ( evil fa!rs & bro!rs & husb&s3 ! victims1 or worse1 ! passive spectators1 ! passive accomplices1 ( iniquity ( all sorts1 :om ! gr& old *ronicl]1 ,mat>azzo1 %[s by glimpses1 walk+ ?r\gh ! blood & lu/-soil$ h\ses ( ! brilliant & horrible ,gianpavolos & ,semonettos & ,griffones ( ,p]ugia1 pure & pati5t l nuns1 & z seclud$ 9 m9d z 9 any cloi/]4 ,!irs are ^! faces1 & at ! same "t ! faces :i* vaguely1 confus$ly look$ d[n ^u !m1 glorifi$ reflections ( _! own1 f above4 ,^! creatures ( ,p]ug9o's are :at e great arti/'s works mu/ be--at once ! portrait ( ^? = :om he pa9ts1 & ! portrait ( _! ideals1 t is1 ( _! int5s] selves4 ,he is ! pa9t] ( ! city :]e1 9 ! ,italian ,r5aissance1 ! unmix$ devotional feel+1 innate 9 ! c\ntry ( ,/4 ,francis1 untr\bl$ by ,flor5t9e scepticism or ,lomb>d worldly s5se1 ?ru/ back & conc5trat$ ^u itself by surr\nd+ brutal wick$ness1 exi/$ mo/ int5se2 he is ! pa9t] ( ?is k9d ( devotion4 ,! v da9t9ess ( accessory1 ! delicate embroid]$ robes1 ! long fr+$ sc>ves1 ! emboss$ arm\r1 light & pliable l silk1 :i* _c w\nd ! t5d] "y ar*angels1 ! c>efully wav$ & curl$ hair--all ?is is ! religi\s luxuri\sness ( nuns & novices1 ! "o v5t = all love ( beauty & ease & co/l9ess ( ! poor delicate creatures1 worn & gall$ by _! %apeless hair clo?1 liv+ & sleep+ 9 ! dre>y :itewa%$ cell4 ,?is is unmix$ devotion1 religi\s contemplation & aspiration absolutely sep>at$ f any o!r sort ( moral feel+2 !re is ! de/ructive wra? ( righte\sness 9 ! prophets ( ,mi*ael ,angelo1 & ! g5tl5ess ( c&\r & *>ity 9 ! ,flor5t9e virg9s ( ,raphael2 !re is ! s]5ity & solemnity ( moral wisdom 9 ,bell9i1 & ! sweetness & cordiality ( dome/ic love 9 ,titian2 !re is ev5 ! half-animal mo!rly love 9 ,correggio2 !re is1 9 almo/ all ! s*ools ( ,italian pa9t+1 "s "* ( human goodness2 b 9 ,p]ug9o !re is none ( ^! ?+s4 ,no?+ b ! "o all-absorb+1 ab/ract1 devotional feel+--int5se passive contemplation ( ! unatta9able good2 s\ls purg$ ( e human desire or w1 isolat$ f all human affection & action1 rais$ above ! limits ( "t & space2 s\ls :i* h long ceas$ to be human be+s & c nev] become angels1 hov]+1 half pa9$1 half joyful1 9 a limbo ( endless spiritual desire4 ,su* is ! "w4 ,let u seek ! ma/]4 ,pietro ,vannucci1 ( ,citt della ,pieve1 surnam$ ,p]ug9o1 ,petrus de ,ca/ro ,plebis1 z he sign$ himself1 liv$1 z tradition has x1 9 a v good h\se 9 ,via ,deliziosa4 ,via ,deliziosa is "o ( ! _m quiet little pav$ lanes ( ,p]ugia1 /eep & tortu\s1 look+ up at ^: r\gh sc>r$ h\ses y =ev] see ov]gr[n plants ( :ite />r$ basil or grey m>joram bur/+ out ( brok5 ew]s & pipk9s on ! bo>ds be=e ! high w9d[s1 or trails ( mottl$ r$ & gre5 tomatos1 or long crimson-tassell$ sprays ( c>nation dangl+ along ! brok51 black5$ masonry1 crevass$ & held toge!r by iron clamps2 :]e1 at e sudd5 turn1 y get1 ?r\gh "s black & oozy ar*way1 a glimpse ( gre5 sun-gild$ v9ey>d & di/ant hills1 hazy & blue ?r\gh ! yell[ summ] air4 ,"h1 9 ! be/ "p ( ! t[n1 ,p]ug9o _h 8 h\se & 8 work%op4 ,9 ! h\se1 full ( preci\s /uffs & f9e l95 & plate & ev]y?+ :i* a weal?y burgh] c\ld desire1 liv$ ! h&some wife ( ! ma/]1 = :om he 0 = ev] design+ & ord]+ new clo!s1 & ^: beautiful hair he lov$ himself to dress 9 /range fanta/ic diadems & helmets ( m9ute plaits & waves & curls1 t %e might g ?r\gh ! t[n z magnific5t & qua9tly attir$ z any noble lady ( ! ,baglionis or ,ant9oris or ,della ,/affas4 ,9 ! work%op 0 ! ma/] & a ho/ ( pupils3 ,giannicola ,manni1 ,doni1 ! ,alfani1 ,tib]io d',assisi2 ! exquisite anonym\s /rang]1 ( :om we "k only z ,john ! ,spani>d1 & p]haps t g5tle fair fem99e boy f ,urb9o1 :om1 9 half-womani% ge> & ) wond]ful delicate fea!rs & jewels 9 8 hair1 ,p]ug9o pa9t$ among ! prophets 9 ! ,money ,*ang]'s ,hall4 ,a work%op inde$4 ,n m]ely ! /udio ( a ma/] & 8 pupils1 b an enorm\s manufactory ( works ( devotional art2 ! !mes ( ,p]ug9o1 ! same sa9ts1 ! same madonnas1 ! same angels1 9 ! same gr\ps1 = ev] repeat$ 9 l>ge & small1 "s m]e copies1 o!rs slightly v>i$ or compos$ ( v>i\s incoh]5t portions1 by ! pupil2 "s half by ! ma/]1 half by ! pupil1 "s possibly t\*$ up by him1 "o or two :olly f 8 own exquisite h&4 ,?+s ( all degrees ( m]it & execrabl5ess1 to suit ! ri*e/ & ! poore/2 all c\ld be _h at t work%op1 = ,ma/] ,pietro _h ! monopoly ( ! art1 good bad1 or indiff]5t1 ( ! c\ntry4 ,y c\ld ord] designs = wood c>v+s or silv] w>e2 y c\ld hire *ur* bann]s1 ( :i* /ore 0 kept to be let out = processions at s mu* ! h\r4 ,y c\ld obta9 m5 to set up triumphal ar*es ( c>dbo>d1 & inv5t m\lds = ornam5tal sweetmeats1 l ^? ( ,a/orre ,baglioni's w$d+2 patt]ns1 d\btless also = embroid]y & arm\r emboss+2 y c\ld h a "y ,raphael ,santi set to repeat+ "s ,m>riage ( ! ,virg9 = a ,s=za or a ,baglioni1 or "s tatt]$ sme>] to copy a copy ( "s madonna = a village *ur*2 or y c\ld commission ! ma/] himself to g to ,rome & pa9t a wall ( ,pope ,sixtus's ,*apel4 ,= !re nev] 0 a manufactory ( art c>ri$ on m me?odically or satisfactorily ?an ?is "o4 ,!re nev] 0 a comm]cial speculator :o knew s well h[ mu* good & bad he c\ld af=d & v5ture to give2 :o knew 8 public s ?or\ghly4 ,he _h1 9 8 y\? & pov]ty1 inv5t$1 discov]$ 7:i* %all we call x87 ! p]fection ( devotional pa9t+1 t :i* p]fectly satisfi$ 8 :ole pi\s ,umbria1 & e pi\s man or woman ( m di/ant p>ts3 a c]ta9 numb] ( types1 a c]ta9 expression1 a c]ta9 mode ( gr\p+1 a c]ta9 mann] ( col\r+ :i* con/itut$ a p]fect :ole2 a conception to embody :i* mo/ completely he _h 9 8 y\? work$ l a slave1 seek+1 p]fect+ all t :i* belong$ to ! /yle3 ! cle>1 delicate col\r1 ! exquisite1 nev] excessive f9i%1 ! inf9itely delicate modell+ ( f+] & wri/1 ( eyelid & lip1 ! diaphan\s %e5 ( light1 s(t1 sc>cely col\r$ hair on br[ & temple & *eek2 he _h coolly turn$ away f ev]y?+ else4 ,! problems ( anatomy1 ( p]spective1 ( light & %ade1 & ( gr\p+1 at :i* 9 ,flor5ce he _h se5 m5 l ,pollaiolo1 ,ghirl&aio1 ,filipp9o1 ,lion>do wa/+ _! y\?1 he nev] ev5 glanc$ at4 ,no real bodies 7 requir$ = 8 sa9ts z long z he c\ld give !m ! "r1 wi/ful faces2 no tangible backgr\nd1 no well-def9$ composition4 ,all ?is 0 unnecess>y2 & he want$ only ! necess>y4 ,:5 he _h got ! am\nt & sort ( skill requir$ = ?is n>r[ /yle1 he /opp$2 :5 he _h inv5t$ ! ?ree or f\r types ( faces1 attitude1 & composition1 he ceas$ inv5t+4 ,he _h ! means ( mak+ a =tune4 ,all t rema9$ 0 to organise 8 me*anism1 to arrange t spl5did sy/em ( repeat+1 arrang+1 alt]+1 copy+1 on ! "p ( himself & 8 s*ol>s1 by :i* he c\ld1 )\t fur!r enl>g+ /yle or ideas1 furni% ,umbria & ,italy ) ! pure devotional pa9t+ x requir$1 9 :atev] am\nt & ( :atev] degree ( excell5ce x might wi%4 ,he succe$$4 ,true1 o!r arti/s sne]$ at him1 l t "y ,buon>roti1 :o _h call$ him a blund]]2 true1 ! ,flor5t9es compla9$ t :5 he pa9t$ _! fresco = !m at ,s4 ,m>ia ,maddal5a dei ,pazzi1 he _h *eat$ !m1 giv+ m]e copies ( works !y _h _h f him tw5ty ye>s be=e4 ,ab\t ! judgm5t ( o!r pa9t]s he c>$ n a fig2 success 0 ! only te/2 to ! ,flor5t9es he calmly answ]$ t z ^? figures _h pleas$ !m tw5ty ye>s be=e1 !y ought to please !m n[2 t he at lea/ 0 n go+ to seek any?+ new z long z ! old suffic$4 ,= m5 :o grew old 9 con/ant attempts aft] new /yles1 new muscles1 new drap]ies1 l ,signorelli yond] lab\r+ solit>y on ! rock ( ,orvieto1 sp5d+ ye>s 9 cramm+ new figures into spaces :i* he1 ,p]ug9o1 w\ld h f9i%$ 9 a mon? ) six isolat$ sa9ts & a bit ( blue sky2 or fritt]$ away "t 9 endless sket*es1 endless cook+ ( new pa9ts & try+ ( new wa%es1 l ,lion>do da ,v9ci3 or :o ru9$ !mselves buy+ bits ( old m>ble to copy1 l crazy ,mantegna at ,mantua2 = all su* m5 z ^! ,p]ug9o mu/ h _h a supreme contempt4 ,z long z money came 91 all 0 "r2 new ideas1 improvem5ts1 all su* ?+s 7 m]e rubbi%4 ,?us he probably prea*$ to 8 pupils1 & kept !m c>efully to _! task ( multiply+ 8 own works1 till 8 s*ool became /]ile & imbecile2 & ! "y ,raphael1 9 disgu/1 left him & begg$ ! ,lady ,giovanna della ,rov]e = a lett] to ! ,gonfaloni]e ,sod]9i1 :i* %\ld op5 to him ! doors ( ! ,flor5t9e s*ools4 ,) :at contempt mu/ n ,ma/] ,p]ug9o h look$ aft] ?is dep>t+ "y ,raphael2 ) :at cynical amusem5t he mu/ h he>d h[ ! "y fool1 once successful1 kept = ev] alt]+ 8 /yle1 we>+ 8 frail life out1 m$itat+ & work+ himself into ! hectic brok5 creature :om ,m>c-,antonio has et*$1 seat$1 fagg$ & emaciat$ on ! /eps be=e 8 "w4 ,we c imag9e h[ ,p]ug9o descant$ on all ?is folly to ! o!r "y m5 9 8 work%op4 ,= he 0 a cynical man z well z a grasp+3 he saw no wisdom beyond ! desire = money & com=t4 ,he _h begun life almo/ a begg>1 sleep+ on a *e/1 go+ )\t food1 9 tatt]s1 giv+ himself no respite f drudg]y1 su/a9$ by "o idea1 "o wi%6--to be ri*4 ,& ri* he _h become2 he _h built h\ses on speculation at ,flor5ce1 to let !m out2 & _h f>ms at ,citt della ,pieve1 & l& ne> ,p]ugia4 ,he _h obta9$ all he _h ev] desir$ or c\ld conceive desirable3 safety f pov]ty4 ,9 o!r ?+s he did n believe3 n 9 an aft] life1 nor 9 ,god1 nor 9 good2 all ^! ideas1 says ,vas>i1 c\ld nev] ent] into 8 porphyry h>d bra91 ,?is ,pet] plac$ all 8 hopes 9 ! good ?+s ( =tune1 & = money w\ld h made any evil b>ga94 ,?is is h[ ,vas>i has %[n u ,p]ug9o4 ,! unique pa9t] ( ar*angels & s]aphs appe>s a base comm]cial speculator1 a cynic1 an a!i/3 ! sort ( man :om y c\ld imag9e transfigur$ into a %abby pettifogg+ ,fau/us1 triumph+ ov] ! fi5d by mak+ ov] to him1 9 return = solid ducats1 a bond mortgag+ a s\l :i* he knew himself nev] to h possess$4 ,"s p may say1 z le>n$ folk are =ev] say+ n[-a-days1 t all ?is is pure sl&] on ! "p ( ,vas>i2 & inde$1 :at satisfactory hi/orical villa9 %all we soon possess1 at ! rate ( pres5t le>n$ rehabilitations8 ,be ?is z x may1 !re rema9s = ! pres5t ! typical contra/ betwe5 ?is man & 8 works2 & look+ at x1 o!r contra/s betwe5 noble art & grovell+ arti/s vaguely occur to u1 & we ask ourselves1 ,c x be8 ,c a pure & exquisite "w be produc$ by a base nature8 ,c su* anomaly exi/--mu/ ! m5tal product n be /a9$ by ! vil5ess ( ! m9d :i* has conceiv$ x8 ,mu/ we1 toge!r ) a preci\s & noble gift tak5 f a h& we %\ld %r9k f t\*+1 accept ! di%e>t5+1 ! debas+ conclusion1 t 9 art purity may spr+ f f\lness1 & ! excell5t be born ( ! base8 ,x is a conclusion f :i* we in/9ctively %r9k1 feel+1 r ?an absolutely und]/&+1 t x seems to /rip ! hol9ess f art1 ! wor?9ess1 nay1 almo/ ! innoc5ce1 f our enjoym5t4 ,we feel t[>ds any beautiful "w ( art some?+ ak9 to love3 a sort ( desire to absorb x into our s\l1 to raise ourselves to x1 to be ) x 9 "s mann] unit$2 & ?us ! m]e ?\ght t all ?is may be sprung f out ( unwor?9ess1 t ?is noble c5tury-endur+ "w may be ! si/] ( :o kn[s h[ _m long dead base ?\ghts & desires & resolves born toge!r ) x 9 ! nature ( its mak]--?is idea ( contam9ation ( orig91 makes u %udd] & suspect4444 ,alas1 h[ _m ( u1 ( ! bett] & nobl] ( u1 h n (t5 sick5$ = a mom5t z ! ?\ght quiv]$ across _! m9d ( ! f\lness out ( :i* ! noble/ ( our art has aris54 ,b in/9ctively we h /ruck d[n ! half-=mulat$ idea z we da% away any suspicion aga9/ t :i* we love1 & :i* our love tells u mu/ be good4 ,& ?us1 z a rule1 we h p]suad$ ourselves t1 ?\gh by a horrible fatality our greate/ art--9 sculpture1 & pa9t+1 & music1 & poetry1 has (t5e/ belong$ n to a simple & au/]e /ate ( society1 to ! /rong manly days ( ,greece or ,rome1 to ! fir/ times ( ,*ri/ian abnegation & m>tyrdom1 to ! *ildlike angelic revival ( m$ival ,*ri/ianity1 to ! solemn self-conc5tration ( ,hugu5ot ,france or ,puritan ,engl&1 t x has n sprung out ( ! /raight=w>d purity ( p]iods ( moral reg5]ation1 b r f out ( ! f]m5t1 nay1 ! putresc5ce1 ( _m-sid$1 p]plex$1 anomal\s times ( social dissolution4 ,t al?\gh our greate/ art seems ?us und5iably to h aris5 9 corrupt times1 yet ! individuals to :om we proximately owe h be5 ! nobl] & pur] ( _! day4 ,nay1 we almo/ p]suade ourselves t 9 ^? dubi\s times ( d\bt & dissolution1 ! spotless1 ! un%ak5 7 9 a way div9ely select$1 l s _m ve/al virg9s1 to *]i% 9 isolation ! holy fire ( art4 ,& we call up to our m9ds m5 noble & pure1 l ,mi*ael ,angelo & ,bee?ov53 we eag]ly treasure up l relics anecdotes %[+ ! g5tl5ess & g5]osity ( m5 l ,lion>do & ,moz>t3 trifl+ tales ( cag$-birds let loose1 or ( poor fell[-work]s assi/$1 :i*1 9 our desire to trace art back to a noble orig91 seem to %$ s mu* light ^u ! production ( a great picture or great symphony4 ,& yet1 ev5 z ! words leave our lips1 words s s9c]ely consol+1 we seem to cat* 9 our voice an un9t5tional inflexion ( d]id+ scepticism4 ,s mu* light6 ^! tales ( m]e ord9>y goodness1 su* z we might he> 7did we c>e7 ( s _m a dull & blund]+ artisan1 or vacant idl]1 ^! tales %$ s mu* light ^u ! production ( great works ( art6 ,a sort ( reason+ devil seems to possess u1 to twit* our little morsels ( unreason$ consolation1 ( sanctify+1 my/ical half-reason+ away f our peace-hungry s\ls4 ,& he says3 ,:at ( ,p]ug9o8 ,:at ( s _m und5iable realities :i* ?is ,p]ug9o ( ours1 ev5 if ! pure/ my?1 s completely typifies8 ,h[ did ?is cynic1 ?is a!i/1 come to pa9t ^! sa9ts8 ,y say t he 0 no cynic1 no a!i/1 t x is all vile sl&]4 ,well1 ,i won't dispute t3 p]haps he 0 a sa9t aft] all4 ,i w ev5 grant t he 04 ,b 9 return = ! concession1 let u exam9e :e!r ! sa9ts c\ld n h be5 equally well pa9t$ by ! traditional1 unrehabilitat$ ,p]ug9o1 ,vas>i's ,p]ug9o--n ! real "o1 oh no1 ,i w admit n ! real "o--by ! typical ,p]ug9o2 ! man ( exce$+ little religion1 :o c\ld nev] be got to believe 9 ! s\l's immortality2 nay1 ) argum5ts suit$ to 8 porphyry intellect1 ob/9ately refus$ all good pa?s2 :o plac$ all 8 hopes 9 ! goods ( =tune & = money w\ld h cons5t$ to any evil compact4 ,nay1 ev5 by a ,p]ug9o a good deal worse4 ,an ugly1 imp]t95t little reason+ fi5d )9 u2 b n[-a-days we h lo/ ! =mula ( exorcism = ?is k9d ( devil1 & li/5 we mu/2 indignantly1 & ) m9d well made up to f9d all 8 argum5ts completely false4 ,?9k ov] ! matt]1 n[ t idea is once />t$1 we c no long] help4 ,s let u discuss x ) ourselves1 )9 ourselves1 ! place :]e mo/ discussion mu/ ev] g on4 ,let u sit "h on ! l[-brok5 brick p>apet1 :i* seems to prev5t all ?is r\gh1 black ,p]ugia f precipitat+ itself1 a mass ( huddl$1 /rangl$ lanes1 into ! rav9e bel[2 sit ) ! grey1 b]ry-lad5 olives1 & twi/$ s]e-leav$ fig-trees ) _! little br[n bur/+ fruit1 pu%+ _! bran*es up f ! or*>d on ! /eep bel[1 :]e ! wom5 dawdle "u ! l[ ev5+ sun1 sickle 9 h&1 m[+ up ! long juicy grass1 te>+ out wrea? aft] wrea?1 ( v9e & clematis1 spray aft] spray ( fea!ry blui% f5nel1 till _! :eel-%ap$ cramm$ baskets look z if de/9$ = "s sylvan god's alt>1 r ?an to be empti$ out into ! swelt]+ d>kness be=e ! c[s mew$ up 9 ! ?at*$ hut yond] by ! /raw-/ack & ! lav5d] & rose-h$g$ tank4 ,! "q :i*1 we sc>cely "k h[1 has ?us be5 />t$ )9 u1 & :i*1 7l all simil> que/ions7 develops itself almo/ automatically 9 our m9d1 )\t mu* volition & m]ely a vague feel+ ( discom=t1 until x h f9ally tak5 %ape & left our consci\sness = ! limbo ( decid$ po9ts1 ?is "q is simply3 ,:at are ! relations betwe5 ! "* ( ! "w ( art & ! "* ( ! arti/ :o creates x8 ,to :at ext5t may we inf] f ! peculi> nature ( ! "o ! peculi> nature ( ! o!r8 ,su*1 if we =mulate x1 is ! "q1 & ! answ] !reunto seems obvi\s3 t z ! peculi>ity ( ! fruit dep5ds1 ct]is p>ibus1 ^u ! peculi>ity ( ! tree 7itself due 9 "p to soil & temp]ature & simil> ext]nal circum/ances71 s also mu/ ! peculi>ity ( ! spiritual product be due to ! peculi>ities ( ! spiritual :ole ( :i* x is born4 ,& ?us1 9 inv]t$ ord] ( ideas1 ! def9ite "* ( ! fruit proves ! "* ( ! tree1 ! result argues ! orig93 !re mu/ exi/ a necess>y relation betwe5 ! product & t :i* has produc$4 ,if !n we f9d a def9ite quality 9 ! works ( an arti/1 we h a "r to suppose t correspond+ qualities exi/$ 9 ! arti/ himself3 if ! picture1 or symphony1 or poem be noble1 & noble moreov] ) a special sort ( nobility1 !n noble also1 & noble ) t special sort ( nobility mu/ be ! arti/ic organism1 ! arti/1 by :om x 0 pa9t$1 or compos$ or writt54 ,& ?is once grant$ 7:i* we _c help grant+71 we mu/ inevitably conclude t ! man ,p]ug9o1 :o pa9t$ ^? wond]ful int5se types ( complete r5unciation ( ! _w1 c\ld n 9 reality h be5 ! worldly1 unconsci5ti\s a!i/ describ$ by ,vas>i4 ,s1 at lea/1 x w\ld seem4 ,b t>ry a:ile4 ,we h decid$ on analogy1 & by a sort ( in/9ct ( cause & effect1 t ! "w mu/ correspond 9 its ma9 qualities ) ! ma9 qualities ( ! arti/1 ( ! arti/ic organism by :i* x is produc$4 ,m>k :at we h said3 ( ! arti/1 or arti/ic organism4 ,n[ :at is ?is arti/ic organism1 ?is arti/8 ,an individual1 a man1 surely8 ,yes1 & no4 ,! arti/ & ! man are n ! same3 ! arti/ is only "p ( ! man2 h[ mu* ( him1 dep5ds ^u ! art 9 :i* he is a work]4 ,! "w is produc$ by ! man1 b n by ! :ole ( him2 only by t portion :i* we call ! arti/2 & h[ mu* t portion is1 :at relation x be>s to ! :ole man1 we c asc]ta9 by ask+ ourselves :at faculties are requir$ = ! production ( a "w ( art4 ,& ?us we soon get to a new "q4 ,! faculties requir$ = ! production ( a "w ( art may be divid$ into two classes2 ^? :i* directly & absolutely produce x1 & ^? :i* are requir$ to enable ! production to take place )\t int]f]5ce f contr>y p>ts ( ! individual nature4 ,^! second>y qualities1 m]ely protective z x 71 are ! moral qualities common1 9 great] or less degree1 to all work]s3 conc5tration1 pati5ce1 det]m9ation1 desire ( improvem5t2 !y are n arti/ic 9 !mselves1 & are n m requisite to ! arti/ ?an to ! ?9k]1 or /atesman1 or m]*ant1 or soldi]1 to pres]ve 8 v diff]5t m5tal p[]s f ! di/urb+ influ5ce ( laz9ess1 or fickl5ess1 or any m positive t5d5cies1 vices or virtues1 :i* might int]f]e ) ! developm5t ( 8 tal5ts4 ,& ( ^! purely protective qualities only s mu* ne$ exi/ z ! relative /r5g? ( ! arti/ic faculty & ( ! un>ti/ic t5d5cies ( ! individual require 9 ord] t ! =m] be protect$ f ! latt]2 & ?us x comes t :]e ! arti/ic end[m5t has be5 out ( all proportion l>ge1 z 9 ! case ( su* a man z ,ross9i1 x has be5 able to produce ! mo/ excell5t "w )\t mu* ( :at we %\ld call moral fibre3 ! man 0 lazy & voluptu\s1 b he 01 above all1 musical2 x 0 easi] = him to be musically active ?an to be m]ely dissipat$ & inactive3 ! arti/ic in/9cts 7 ! /ronge/1 & 7 passively foll[$4 ,:5 ^! moral qualities1 m]ely protective & second>y 9 art1 are develop$ beyond ! degree requisite = m]e protection ( ! arti/ic faculties 7a degree small 9 proportion to ! magnitude ( ! arti/ic in/9ct71 !y become rul+ *>act]i/ics ( ! :ole individual nature1 & influ5ce all ! actions ( ! man z di/+ui%$ f ! arti/3 !y make him z inflexible 9 ! pursuit ( ! non-arti/ic aims ( life z 9 t ( m]e excell5ce 9 8 own art4 ,! timor\s & slo?ful ,&rea del ,s>to is q z complete an arti/ z ! eag] & inquisitive ,lion>do da ,v9ci2 b1 :]eas ,&rea's activity /ops %ort at ! limits ( 8 p[]s ( pa9t+1 ! increas+ labori\sness & nev] satisfi$ curiosity ( ,lion>do ext5d1 on ! contr>y1 to all mann] ( subjects q disconnect$ ) 8 real art4 ,:5 once ! glori\s fresco ( ! ,virg91 seat$ l a happi] ,niobe1 by ! mealsack1 has be5 prop]ly f9i%$ 9 ! cloi/] ( ! ,s]vites1 ,&rea goes home & cr\*es b5ea? ! viol5ce ( 8 wife1 or to ! tav]n to seek feeble consolation4 ,b :51 aft] nev]-end+ alt]ations & additional t\*es1 ,lion>do at l5g? p]mits ,paolo ,giocondo to c>ry home ! portrait ( 8 dubi\s1 fasc9at+ wife1 he sets ab\t ma!matical problems or *emical exp]im5ts1 (f]s to build =tresses = ,cs> ,borgia1 manufactures a wondr\s musical in/rum5t l ! fle%less skull ( a horse & le>ns to play !reon1 or writes treatises on anatomy3 !re is 9 him a desire1 a capacity = "w great] ?an ev5 8 subtle & fanta/icat+ /yle ( art c ev] fully employ4 ,su* are ! non-arti/ic qualities requir$1 m]ely z protectors f int]f]5ce1 = ! production ( a "w ( art3 ! same ^!1 :atev] ! art1 z !y are ! same if1 in/ead ( art1 we consid] sci5ce1 or comm]ce1 or any o!r employm5t4 ,! arti/ic1 ! really directly productive qualities1 diff] ( c\rse accord+ to ! art to :i* ! "w belongs1 diff] n only 9 nature b also 9 numb]4 ,= !re are "s arts 9 :i* ! "w is produc$ by a v small numb] ( faculties2 o!rs :]e x requires a v complex ma*9e1 :i* we call a :ole individuality3 & "h we f9d ourselves back aga9 be=e our orig9al "q1 to :at ext5t ! p]sonality ( an arti/ influ5ces ! "* ( 8 "w4 ,we h got back to ! anomaly typifi$ by ,p]ug9o2 back to x1 & z completely )\t an answ] to ! problem z we 7 on />t+4 ,we h be5 los+ our "t1 go+ r\nd & r\nd a "q m]ely to f9d ourselves at our orig9al />t+-po9t4 ,n s3 go+ r\nd ! "q inde$1 b 9 con/antly n>r[+ circles1 :i* w dw9dle1 let u hope1 till we f9d ourselves on ! only indivisible c5tre1 :i* is ! solution ( ! problem4 ,= !re are _m que/ions :i* are l ! t[ns ( ?is same ,umbria ( ,p]ug9o3 built ^u ! br9k ( a precipice1 wall$ r\nd ) a wall ( unhewn rock1 seem+ s ne> if we look up at !m f ! rav9e bel[1 & see e ro(1 & cypress-tree1 & pill>$ balcony2 b :i* we _c approa* by scal+ ! unscalable1 %e] precipice1 b mu/ sl[ly w9d r\nd f bel[1 circl+ up & d[n endless undulations ( v9ey>d & oakwood1 com+ = ev] ^u a tantalis+ glimpse ( t[]s & walls1 = ev] seem+ly close above u1 & yet =ev] equally di/ant2 till at la/1 by a %>p turn ( ! gradually asc5d+ road1 we f9d ourselves be=e ! unexpect$ gates ( ! city4 ,& ?us we h approa*$ a little ne>] to ! solution ( ! "q4 ,we h1 9 our w&]+s1 left beh9d "o "p ( ! gr\nd4 ,we h admitt$ t ! "w ( art is produc$ n by ! man1 b m]ely by t portion ( him :i* we call ! arti/2 we h ev5 dimly =ese5 t ! case may be t 9 "o art ! arti/1 t is to say1 ! art-produc+ organism1 comprises ne>ly ! :ole ( ! m]e individual3 t ! arti/ic "p is v ne>ly ! complete human :ole4 ,n[1 9 ord] to approa* ne>] our f9al conclusion1 namely1 :e!r ! man ,p]ug9o c\ld h pa9t$ ^? sa9ts & ^? angels _h he really be5 ! m]c5>y a!i/ ( ,vas>i1 we mu/ set afre% to exam9e :at1 9 ! v>i\s arts1 are ! portions ( an individual necess>y to con/itute ! m]e arti/1 t is to say1 ! produc] ( a "w ( art4 ,b /op aga94 ,are we q sure t we "k :at we mean :5 we say a "w ( art8 ,are we q sure t we may n1 )\t kn[+ x1 be talk+ ( two ?+s "u "o "n8 ,surely n3 :5 we apply ! ^w to "o ( ,p]ug9o's ar*angels1 we c]ta9ly ref] to "o :ole object4 ,s f>1 c]ta9ly1 we mean 7let u put x 9 ! crude/ way7 a c]ta9 am\nt ( col\r laid on to a canvas 9 su* a mann]1 & ) su* arrangem5ts ( t9ts & %ad[s1 t x pres5ts to our eyes & m9d a c]ta9 =m1 a =m :i* we def9e1 f its resemblance to o!r =ms made out ( fle% & bone1 ! face & body ( a "y man2 a =m :i*1 ow+ to c]ta9 con/itutional peculi>ities & engra9$ habits ( our m9d1 we also decl>e to a giv5 ext5t beautiful4 ,?is =m1 moreov]1 di/9ctly recalls to our m9d real =ms :i* exp]i5ce has taught u to associate ) ! idea ( moral purity1 self-=getfulness1 piety2 simply because we h notic$ or be5 told s9ce our infancy t p]sons ) su* bodily aspects are usually pure1 self-=getful & pi\s2 because1 )\t our kn[+ x1 ?\s&s ( pa9t]s h accu/om$ u by giv+ u su* =ms z ! portraits ( sa9ts to consid] ?is physical type z di/9ctly sa9tly4 ,?is p]ception1 t ! =m into :i* ! col\rs on ,p]ug9o's canvas h be5 comb9$ is su* z we are accu/om$ to ?9k ( 9 connection ) sa9tl9ess1 imm$iately awak5s 9 our m9d a :ole tra9 ( associations3 we n m]ely see ) our physical eyes ! comb9ation ( col\rs & l9es con/itut+ ! =m1 b ) our m5tal eyes we rapidly & half unconsci\sly glance ov] all ! occupations1 aspirations1 habits ( su* a creature z we conceive ?is =m to belong to4 ,we n m]ely see ! delicate1 ?91 pale lips1 ?r[n back head & neck1 & ! wide-op5$1 dilat$1 greyi% eyes2 we imag9e 9 our m9d ! vague delights aft] :i* ^? lips are ?ir/+ z ! half-clos$ pale fl[]s ?ir/ = ! ra9-drops1 ! ec/asy ( fulfill$ hope :i* makes ! ve9s ( ! neck pulse & ! head fall back 9 we>9ess ( inn] quiv]+2 ! confus$ glory ( heav5 aft] :i* ^? wide-op5$ eyes are /ra9+2 :ile our bodily sight is re/+ on ! m]e col\r$ surface ( ,p]ug9o's picture1 our m5tal sight is w&]+ across all ! pa/ & future ( ?is /range be+ ^: bodily semblance ! arti/ has sudd5ly ?ru/ ^u u4 ,all ?is is :at we vaguely ?9k ( :5 we speak ( a "w ( art4 ,p]haps we c s little dis5tangle our impressions & our fancies t _! comb9ation may ?us be treat$ z a unity4 ,b ?is unity is a dualism3 ! m]e col\r arrangem5t con/itut+ ! =m :i* we see ) our bodily eyes1 & ) our bodily eyes f9d beautiful1 is "o half2 & ! :ole moral app>ition1 conjur$ up by association & imag9ation1 is ! o!r4 ,&1 z f> z s inf9itely int]wov5 a dualism c be divid$1 co>sely1 & leav+ or tak+ too mu* on "o side or ! o!r1 we c divide ?is dual exi/5ce into t :i* has be5 giv5 to u by ! arti/1 ! visible1 mat]ial =m2 & t :i* association1 recollection1 fancy1 has be5 add$ by ourselves to ! arti/'s "w4 ,( ?is dualism1 !re=e1 ( impression & fancy1 only t portion ( ! "w ( art :i* is absolutely visible & concrete2 ! =m1 :e!r x exi/ 9 comb9$ col\r & %ad[1 or m>ble mass1 z 9 ! pla/ic arts1 or 9 p>tially comb9$ & p>tially successive s\nds1 z 9 music1 only ?is =m is really giv5 by ! arti/1 is t :i*1 ) ref]5ce to 8 productive p[]1 we c call ! "w ( art4 ,he may1 x is true1 h delib]ately *os5 t =m :i* %\ld lead u to su* associations ( ideas1 b 9 s f> he has be5 act+ n z ! arti/1 b z a sort ( =e%ad[$ spectator or li/5]2 he has1 be=e tak+ up 8 own "w ) ! m]e mat]ial1 visible1 tangible1 audible realities ( ! art1 /epp$ into ! place to be occupi$ by ourselves1 & =ese51 by 8 k ( ! effects :i* he c produce1 by 8 exp]i5ce ( :at associations are awak5$ by ea* ( 8 v>i\s =ms1 ! imag9ative activities :i* 8 yet unf9i%$ "w w call = 9 ^? :o see or he> x4 ,b he w1 9 s do+1 be delib]ately or unconsci\sly leav+ 8 own "w1 =e/all+ ours3 nay1 ! arti/ :o says to himself1 ,n[ ,i w pa9t a s\l 9 a condition ( ec/asy1 is 9 reality trans=m+ himself into ! cu/om] :o w\ld ent] 8 work%op & say1 ,pa9t me a figure su* z y\r exp]i5ce tells y sugge/s to behold]s ! idea ( religi\s en?usiasm2 copy ! features ( any religi\s en?usia/ ( y\r acqua9tance1 or put toge!r su* disp]s$ features z seem to y indicative ( t temp] ( m9d4 ,all ?is1 :ile ! real arti/ic "w has n begun2 = t beg9s :5 ! arti/ fir/ places be=e 8 easel ! model = 8 ar*angel3 ei!r ! delicate1 hectic1 little girli% novice-boy1 or ! di/9ct outl9e ( ! arm$ "y angel exi/+ 9 8 m9d & requir+ only to be pr9t$ (f into concrete exi/5ce4 ,?us1 9 our exam9ation ( ! am\nt ( an arti/'s p]sonality :i* c g into 8 "w1 we mu/ rememb] t ?is "w is m]ely ! ext]nally exi/+1 def9ite1 f9ite =m1 & n ! ideas ( emotions :i*1 by ! p[] ( association1 t =m may awak5 9 ourselves4 ,:at ! arti/ gives is m]ely ! arrangem5t ( l9es & col\rs 9 a giv5 mann]1 :i* may1 z 9 pa9t+1 resemble an already exi/+ natural object2 or1 z 9 ar*itecture & patt]n decoration1 resemble no already exi/+ natural object2 ! arrangem5t ( s\nds :i* may1 z 9 a dramatic air1 recall ! inflexions prop] to a giv5 emotion1 or1 z 9 a =mal fugue1 recall no emotional inflexions :atev]4 ,?is1 & n any tra9 ( ?\ghts awak5$ by ?is possibly b n necess>ily exi/+ resemblance to an already kn[n natural object1 or to an already kn[n sort ( emotional voice inflexion1 is :at is giv5 by ! arti/1 & ?is is arti/ic =m1 ! absolutely1 objectively exi/+ "w ( art4 ,& n[ we may exam9e :at m5tal faculties1 9 ! v>i\s arts1 are requir$ = ! production ( ?is "w3 :at portions ( ! :ole individual man are includ$ or exclud$ 9 t small]1 m limit$ individual :om we call ! arti/4 ,let u inve/igate ! po9t by a sort ( exp]im5t3 by /ripp+ away1 "o by "o1 ^? qualities ( an ideal individual :i* are n necess>y = ! production ( ! v>i\s k9ds ( arti/ic "w2 let u sep>ate & aft]w>ds1 if ne$ be1 select & reunite ! qualities :i* are requir$ & ^? :i* are n requir$ to make up a poet1 a pa9t]1 a sculptor1 or a musician4 ,& fir/ we mu/ create our ideal man1 :o conta9s )9 him ! /uff ( e k9d ( arti/1 ! faculties ( produc+ e k9d ( arti/ic "w4 ,fir/1 a ^w ab\t ?is ideal man1 & ab\t ! mann] 9 :i* he diff]s f o!r m54 ,he diff]s 9 complet5ess1 9 balance1 9 int5sity4 ,= almo/ e "o ( u has "s m5tal faculty s imp]fectly develop$ t we may say t x does n exi/3 x exi/s inde$1 & p]haps n )\t a c]ta9 necess>y effect1 b z ) a s+le solit>y in/rum5t 9 a p[]ful or*e/ra ( doz5s ( e o!r k9d ( in/rum5ts1 ?is effect is n consci\sly p]ceiv$4 ,& ! faculties :i* we d possess are r>ely ( v rem>kable /r5g? & int5sity3 we h en\gh ( !m = our ord9>y wants ( life1 b n necess>ily m4 ,our s5se ( he>+ is suffici5t to di/+ui% ! voice ( "o fri5d f ano!r1 b n always suffici5t to be able to enjoy music1 /ill less (t5 to p]=m1 lea/ (t5 ( all to compose4 ,& simil>ly ) e o!r m5tal faculty3 mo/ m5 c foll[ a simple argum5t1 "s a m complex "o1 b few c reason out unaid$ a complicat$ proposition4 ,n[ ! creative degree 9 any faculty is ! mo/ int5se 9 its developm5t4 ,! pa9t] is ! man :o receives ! l>ge/ numb] ( mo/ delicately complete visional impressions2 ! musician ! man :o receives ! l>ge/ numb] ( mo/ delicately complete audible impressions3 to ! pa9t] ev]y?+ is a %ape1 a col\r2 to ! musician ev]y?+ is a s\nd2 ! :ole univ]se1 to ! ?9k]1 is b a concat5ation ( logical propositions4 ,?us1 our ideal man mu/1 at />t+1 possess e high] faculty1 develop$ to ! mo/ int5se degree1 & e "o ( !m develop$ equally3 = out ( him is to be made e k9d ( arti/4 ,"h1 !n1 we h our ideal man3 he possesses 9 ! highe/ degree1 & 9 ! mo/ p]fect balance1 all ! emotional1 logical1 & p]ceptive p[]s ( ! m9d2 he is1 if y *oose1 ! ab/ract creature 7nev] exi/+1 & nev]1 alas6 to exi/71 ! all beautiful1 all p[]ful1 p]fect fiction1 :i* we call humanity2 & ) him is our "w4 ,he is p]fectly balanc$1 he is a m]e ab/raction3 = ^! two reasons he is1 s f>1 inactive2 we _c1 ) ! be/ w 9 ! _w1 imag9e 8 do+ any?+ z long z he c d ev]y?+3 he w1 9 all probability1 m]ely passively enjoy4 ,be=e he c create1 we mu/ alt] him4 ,& he is to create1 rememb]1 n z a /atesman or a h&icraftsman1 b z an arti/3 he is to deal n ) realities1 b ) fictions2 he is n to t\* our mat]ial int]e/s1 he is m]ely to evoke = u a s]ies ( phantom sights or s\nds1 ( phantom m5 & wom54 ,!re=e1 our fir/ act mu/ be to dim9i%1 by at lea/ a half1 all ! practical sides ( 8 nature1 s t no practical activities div]t him f 8 purely ideal field4 ,s t x be = him inf9itely m natural to ?9k1 to feel1 to imitate1 to comb9e impressions1 ?an to be ( any imm$iate use 9 ! _w2 s t ! m]e employm5t ( 8 p[]s be 8 fur!/ aim1 )\t ?9k+ :at effect t employm5t w h ^u ! real condition ( himself or ( o!rs4 ,?is mu* we h done3 we h obta9$ a creature ^: int]e/ is nev] purely practical4 ,b ?is w n suffice4 ,we mu/ dim9i% by at lea/ a qu>t] 8 m]e logical p[]s1 ?us r5d]+ him f> m incl9$ to view ?+s z concrete1 liv+ manife/ations1 ?an z logical ab/ractions4 ,?is has s]v$ to prev5t 8 be+ div]t$ into metaphysic or sci5tific speculations3 !re is n[ no long] any fe> ( 8 becom+ a psy*ologi/ in/ead ( a poet1 a ma!matician or physici/ in/ead ( a pa9t] or a compos]3 ?+s n[ int]e/ him no long] = _! practical be>+1 nor = _! ab/ract mean+3 he c>es = !m n z =ces1 nor z ideas1 b z =ms1 z visions4 ,& ?is "t we h1 z x 71 r\gh-hewn our arti/4 ,b :at arti/8 ,he is1 x is true1 ma9ly attract$ by ! m]e contemplation ( ?+s ap>t f practical or sci5tific int]e/s1 b he is equally attract$ by all sorts ( visions3 he receives e k9d ( impression4 ,?is "t1 aga91 he w1 f p]fect balance1 rema9 inactive4 ,we mu/ ?r[ 8 faculties a little into disord]1 we mu/1 at r&om1 dim9i% "h 9 ord] 7relatively7 to increase !re3 let u1 = in/ance1 dim9i% by a trifle 8 faculty = manipulat+ col\rs or masses ( /one1 8 faculty = conceiv+ s\nds 9 succession & 9 comb9ation2 let u1 9 %ort1 make x a little difficult = him to be a pa9t] or sculptor or musician4 ,:at w he be1 ?is fir/ made arti/ ( ours8 ?is creature1 clipp$ 9 all ! m]e practically sci5tific in/9cts1 only t 8 :ole int5se p]sonality may be giv5 m completely1 m absolutely to ! _w ( arti/ic phantoms8 ,be=e break+ up ?is huge psy*ological sn[-man1 ?is unga9ly mon/] r\ghly m\ld$ into c>icature %ape by awkw>d remov+ ( mat]ial "h & add+ on !re1 be=e da%+ x back into ! limbo ( us$ up & un=m$ similes1 let u ask ourselves :at arti/ he vaguely resembles3 :at is ! arti/ ?us =m$1 x w\ld seem1 ( a m]e int5se human be+2 ( all ! faculties ( our nature1 only m subtle & p[]ful1 & work+ n 9 ! _w ( practical realities1 nor ( ab/ract tru?s1 b 9 t ( imag9>y =ms8 ,! answ] comes in/9ctively1 unhesitat+ly to all ( u3 ?is univ]sal arti/1 ?is arti/ic organism :i* conta9s ! :ole int5sifi$ individual1 is ! poet4 ,nay3 :y call him poet8 :y res]ve ?is supreme place ( arti/ n ( col\rs or s\nds1 b ( spok5 emotion1 & p]ception1 & action1 = ! man ^: words are gr\p$ into metrical %ape8 ,is x ?is metrical %ape1 ?is m]e envelop+ =m p]ceiv$ m]ely by ! e>1 ?is monoton\s1 rudim5t>y music1 s paltry by ! side ( ! musician's real music1 is x ?is :i* requires = its production t wondr\s comb9ation ( faculties1 t :ole int5sifi$ human individuality8 ,= ^? same faculties1 t same int5sifi$ individuality1 w act & be> fruit 9 ! man :o lets 8 words drift on1 unmetrical1 9 m]e spok5 mann]4 ,& yet he %all be acc\nt$ less1 & %all c$e to ! o!r1 :o c measure 8 words into v]ses1 & c\ple !m into rhyme4 ,surely !re is inju/ice 9 ?is4 ,:]e=e1 ,i pray y1 %\ld y1 my fri5d1 my belov$ little *ild poet1 ) ! ke5 eyes & eag] lips ( ,keats1 :o sit 79 fancy at lea/7 "h by my side on ! r\gh wall ov]look+ ! or*>d rav9e at ,p]ugia1 dr[sily li/5+ 7z poets li/5 to prose7 to our discussion1 :]e=e %\ld y1 ! poet1 be wor? m ?an ,i1 ! prose writ]1 m]ely inasmu* z y are ! "o & ,i am ! o!r8 ,:y be surr\nd$1 ev5 9 my eyes1 by a sort ( ideal halo2 :y po9t$ out by my own secret in/9ct z ! arti/8 ,all ?is mu/ be m]e folly1 prejudice1 dri$ old =ms ( ?\ght h&$ d[n f ! days :5 poets 7 prie/s & lawgiv]s & prophets1 :5 _! v cr$it dep5d$ ^u _! n be+ solely :at y mod]n poets are2 all ?is is a m]e hi/oric my?1 9 :i* ! _w cont9ues fooli%ly to believe1 lett+ itself be told f g5]ation to g5]ation1 till ! idea has become engra9$ 9 its mode ( ?9k+1 t ! poet is a special creature1 a ?+ ( f9] m\ld1 9 ^: life1 & movem5ts1 & feel+s x expects some?+ diff]5t f ! re/ ( humanity2 9 ^: eyes x seeks a dim reflection1 9 ^: voice a di/ant e*o ( ! col\rs & s\nds ( t fairyl& out ( :i* he has come z a *angel+ into ! _w ( realities4 ,infatuation & inju/ice4 ,b no6 mank9d at l>ge is "r 9 its ideas1 b z x usually is1 )\t kn[+ :y x has !m3 "r 9 giv+ in/9ctively ?is place ( arti/ ( ! m]ely sugge/$1 z di/+ui%$ f ! absolutely se5 or he>d =ms ( o!r arts1 to ! poet alone4 ,= ! poet is1 9 ! k+dom ( words1 ! real1 complete arti/4 ,! arti/ic ext]nal =m :i* he gives to 8 creations removes !m out ( ! doma9 ( ! practically useful1 or ! sci5tifically int]e/+4 ,?is metrical sett+ enables ! poet to %[ a "p1 to make p]fect ! t9ie/ ?+2 to give complete significance1 complete beauty1 & et]nal life to a p]ception1 an emotion1 an image :i* _c be exp&$ beyond ! f\rte5 l9es ( a sonnet2 :ile ! poor prose writ]1 r$uc$ to be+ a m]e smi? or me*ani/1 c d no?+ ) any /ray gem he may cut1 kn[s n h[ to set x1 & is =c$ 9 despair to /ick x clumsily into "s unwieldy ut5sil or implem5t1 "s pot out ( :i* to dr9k k1 or "s %ield to w>d (f disa/]4 ,! prose writ] is = ev] be+ driv5 to seek employm5t outside ! l& ( pure art4 ,!re=e1 ! poet is truly ! exclusive arti/ 9 words2 or r ! exclusive arti/ 9 words mu/ ne$s become ! poet2 if ! man feel t he _c hamm] we>ily at "s clumsy ornam5t$ piece ( furniture1 "s ba/>d ( arti/ic uselessness & practical utility1 t he _c write hi/ories1 or e?ical disquisitions or psy*ological /udies 7waxworks ( spiritual pa?ology1 te*nically call$ novels71 9 ord] to bury 9 !m ! delicate arti/ic fragm5ts :i* he spontane\sly produces2 !n t man w assur$ly le>n ! mann] ( mak+ metrical sett+s2 t man1 t ^w arti/ w infallibly become a poet3 nay1 he is "o4 ,?us1 ! poet is 9 reality ! arti/ :o sugge/s emotions1 & actions1 & sights1 & s\nds1 z ! pa9t] is ! arti/ :o %[s col\r$ %apes1 & ! musician ! arti/ :o creates =ms made ( s\nds4 ,! poet1 !re=e1 is ! arti/ into ^: "w !re ent]s1 or c ent]1 ! greate/ numb] ( fragm5ts ( 8 :ole p]sonality3 = 8 works are made up ( all t :i* 8 nature p]ceives & evolves & desires3 ( ! =e/s & fields1 & sea & skies :i* h pr9t$ _! lik5esses on 8 m9d2 ( ! faces & movem5ts ( ! m5 & wom5 :om he has kn[n1 nay1 ( :om once p]haps1 only once 9 8 life1 he has caught a nev] =gott5 glimpse2 ( ! ev5ts :i* h tak5 place be=e 8 eyes1 or ( :i* he has be5 told2 ( ! emotions & passions :i* he has felt hidd5 9 himself or se5 bur/ out 9 o!rs2 ( all t he c see1 feel1 he>1 conceive1 imag9e4 ,he is ! man :o assimilates mo/1 initiates mo/1 p]ceives mo/ ( all t passes )9 & )\t him1 & unites x all 9 a homog5e\s out] %ape3 no?+ = him is wa/e3 n ! h>d1 scaly fir/ %oot ( ! re$1 pale gre51 :i* cat*es 8 feet z he walks on ! riv]side1 across ! grass1 half s]e1 half r5ovat$ by spr+2 n ! sc5t ( fir/ ra9drops on ! upturn$ m\ld ( ! fields2 n ! s5t5ce read at r&om 9 a book op5$ by accid5t2 n ! sudd51 nev]-recurr+ look 9 ! eyes ( "o belov$2 n ! base appetite :i* he has hidd5 away1 trampl$ back out ( sight ( 8 own consci\sness2 n ! prepo/]\s ideal :i* 8 vanity may h %[n him = "o second2 n any?+1 h[ev] small or h[ev] l>ge1 h[ev] common or h[ev] r>e1 n any?+ inanimate or feel+1 n any?+ 9 life or 9 dea?1 n any?+ :i* c be se51 or he>d1 or felt1 or und]/ood1 :i* may n be m\ld$ by ! poet into "s =m :i* w h mean+ & *>m1 & et]nal value = all m54 ,! poet is ! man :o receives a great] numb] ( m int5se impressions ?an any o!r man2 he is1 ( all creatures1 ! mo/ s5sitive 9 ! :ole ( 8 be+2 = ! :ole ( 8 be+ is at once ! raw mat]ial1 & ! =m+ me*anism ( ! "w ( art4 ,?is is ! ideal1 ! univ]sal poet1 ! type3 ( him e individual poet repres5ts a limit$ portion1 & is a fre% rep>tition ( faculties1 a fre% comb9ation & proportion ( mat]ial & me*anism1 due to ! accid5t ( race1 ( "t1 ( bir?1 ( education4 ,! typical poet assimilates & reproduces ev]y?+2 & ea* fragm5t ( ?is type1 ea* individual1 diff]s f e o!r individual 9 t :i* is assimilat$ & reproduc$ by him3 ! "o feels m1 ! o!r sees m1 ! ?ird imag9es m2 & ea* feels1 sees1 & imag9es1 accord+ to :at ext]nal ?+s h be5 put )9 rea* ( 8 feel+s1 8 sight1 8 fancy4 ,z1 !re=e1 ! typical poet is ! :ole type ( humanity af=d+ mat]ial & act+ z manipulative app>atus to produce ! "w ( art1 s also ! individual poet is ! individual man1 m\ld+ into %ape all ! qualities :i* are /ronge/ 9 8 nature4 ,all ! qualities1 let u h[ev] m>k1 :i* are indisput$ly dom9ant2 (t51 !re=e1 only ! bett]1 & 9 only ! l[e/ temp]s ! wor/4 ,=1 rememb]+ :at we notic$ ab\t moral faculties ( w :i* protect ! arti/ic work+s f ! int]f]5ce ( o!r p>ts ( our nature1 we may see t x mu/ (t5 happ5 t a noble _s may be able to keep out ( 8 m]e ab/ract creations ^? bas] in/9cts 7:i* ?\gh recogniz$ ) %ame7 he is unable to subdue 9 practice2 8 works %[ him z he w\ld desire himself to be1 z he1 alas6 has n ! /r5g? to be 9 reality2 let u n1 !re=e1 compla9 ( ^? :o are unable to live up to _! conceptions1 = !y h giv5 to u _! bett] "p1 & kept = !mselves1 ) bitt]ness & %ame1 _! worse4 ,! poet1 !re=e1 is ! arti/ into ^: "w !re ent]s ! greate/ proportion ( 8 individual nature2 if he be flippant 9 temp] 8 works _c be e>ne/2 if he be impure 8 writ+s _c be actively pure2 ! di/9ctive features ( 8 nature mu/ be reflect$ 9 8 "w1 s9ce 8 "w is made out ( & by 8 nature4 ,n[ let u proce$4 ,we _h con/ruct$ a sort ( typical giant1 promis+ all ! p[]s & qualities ( all humanity2 & ?is1 by ! gradually /ripp+ away ( "s ( ^! human p[]s1 we _h r$uc$ to ! condition ( typical poet4 ,n[ let u cont9ue our "w4 ,( c\rse !re are k9ds ( poetry :i* =m l9ks ) o!r intellectual "w2 & to obta9 ^! we mu/ remove su* faculties z d n ent] into !m3 sep>ate f ! arti/ ^? qualities :i* belong only to ! man4 ,!re is fir/ ( all t great poetical anomaly ! drama1 = :i*1 x w\ld seem1 t less ( ! writ]'s own p]sonality is requir$ ?an = any o!r =m2 = ! dramati/ /&s half way betwe5 ! arti/ & ! psy*ologi/2 he c obta9 innum]able v>ieties ( "* & feel+ m]ely by 8 reason+ p[]s1 n by any p]sonal exp]i5ce4 ,he is a sort ( syn!tic metaphysician1 :o c con/ruct ! sa9t1 ! villa91 ! simpleton1 ! knave1 n out ( any?+ )9 himself1 b out ( ! v elem5ts ( ^! *>act]s :i* he has obta9$ by analysis2 h5ce x is t1 :ile we c f _! works recon/ruct ! "* ( poets l ,milton1 or ,wordswor?1 or ,leop>di1 or ,musset1 we rema9 :olly ignorant ( ! p]sonality ( ,%akespe>e2 he _c be all t he %[s u1 & 9 ! d\bt he rema9s none ( x at all4 ,let u put aside !re=e ?is anomal\s arti/1 & cont9ue /ripp+ away "s ( ! purely emotional *>act]s ( our typical colossus4 ,we %all soon meet ! la/ & simple/ =m ( poet--! m]e describ]2 ( 8 aspirations & emotions we "k b little2 we "k only ( 8 ta/es1 8 pref]5ces = c]ta9 sights & s\nds4 ,he c>es = ! sea1 or ! woods1 or ! fields1 or ! skies2 he is v ne> be+ a m]e ?+ ( eyes & e>s4 ,yet n :olly2 = he p]ceives n only ! col\r & movem5t ( ! waves1 b _! s\nd1 _! br9y sc5t2 he p]ceives n only ! gre5 & tawny t9ts ( leaves & moss1 he he>s ! crackl+ ( ! bru%wood1 ! ru/l+ ( ! b\ghs1 ! confus$ hum ( bees1 ! fa9t murmur ( wat]s2 nay1 9 ! waves & 9 ! woods he p]ceives some?+ m1 vague resemblances to o!r ?+s2 vague expressions ( mood & feel+ :i*1 :5 ! wat]s ru% 91 make 8 he>t leap2 :5 ! grey light /eals 9 among ! bran*es1 s5ds a sadness ?r\gh\t him4 ,nay1 9 ?is arti/1 9 ?is simple/1 lea/ human sort ( poet1 !re rema9s yet an inf9ite am\nt ( ! human individuality1 ( its passions & desires4 ,let u te> away1 ?r[ aside ?is la/ am\nt ( human feel+1 r$uce our typical arti/ to m]e int5se p[]s ( see+4 ,%all we /ill h :]e) to obta9 any "w at all8 w ?is r>ifi$1 simplifi$ m5tality be mu* above a m]e feel+less optic ma*9e8 ,let u see4 ,"h we h a creature out ( :i* we h remov$ z mu* z possible ( all human qualities3 a creature :i* c p]ceive ) inf9ite ke5ness & reproduce ) ! mo/ p]fect exactitude1 e little subtle l9e & t9t & %ad[ :i* escapes o!r m52 a creature ^: delicate p]ception vibrates ) delight at e h>moni\s comb9ation1 & wri!s1 z if x w\ld %att] to atoms1 at e displeas+ mixture ( l9es or col\rs4 ,a liv+ & mo/ s5sitive organism :i* feels1 ?9ks ev]y?+ z =m & col\r1 fo/]$ ) ! utmo/ c>e by o!r su* organisms1 !mselves nurtur$ into int5sity m int5se ?an t ) :i* !y 7 born2 = ev] put 9 contact ) ! visual objects :i* are1 let u rememb]1 ! air x brea!s1 ! food x assimilates until ?is visual organism becomes beyond comp>e p]fect 9 its p[] ( p]ceiv+ & reproduc+4 ,!n1 imag9e ?is ab/ract be+1 ?is quiv]+ ?+ ( sight1 plac$ 9 ! mid/ ( a c\ntry ( au/]e1 delicate l9es1 & solemn yet diaphan\s t9ts2 among ! undulat+ fields & oakwoods1 b5ea? ! pe>ly sky ( ,umbria2 imag9e t be=e x are plac$1 z ! creatures mo/ preci\s & lovely1 ! creatures ^: lik5ess mu/ = ev] be copi$ 9 all its int5sity1 y\?s1 "y wom51 old m51 delicate & emaciate ) solitude & mac]ation1 ) eyes gr[n dilat$ & bright f /ra9+ to see ! glori\s visions1 ! cele/ial day-dreams :i* flit across _! m9d2 ) lips gr[n tremul\s & eag] ) passionate long+ = con/antly expect$1 nev]-com+ bliss2 always alone1 inactive1 ) li/less limbs & workless h&s1 9 ! b>e1 unadorn$ cell or oratory2 or if1 com+ =?1 walk+ ?r\gh ! /reets1 pass+ ?r\gh ! cr[d 7giv+ way ) awe71 erect1 self-engross$1 see+ & he>+ no?+ ar\nd1 l "o entranc$4 ,let u imag9e ?is organism1 ?us p]fect = p]ceiv+ & reproduc+ all t x sees1 = ev] 9 ! pres5ce ( su* l9es & col\rs1 su* faces & figures z ^!2 & !n let u ask ourselves :at ?is q ab/ract1 unhuman p[] w produce1 :at ?is arti/1 :o is completely dive/$ ( all t :i* belongs m]ely to ! man1 w\ld pa9t4 ,:at w\ld t be1 t "w ?us produc$8 ,:at save ^? delicate1 wan angels & sa9ts & apo/les1 /&+ 9 solit>y contemplation & ec/asy1 ^? sc>cely embodi$ s\ls1 rais$ beyond ! b\nds ( "t & space1 conc5trat$1 absorb$ 9 long+ = heav5ly p]fection8 ,& if ?is subtle visual organism1 nurtur$ among ^! sights1 %\ld happ5 to be lodg$ 9 ! same body ) a sordid1 base1 cynical temp]1 c x be alt]$ !reby8 ,surely n4 ,! eye has se51 ! h& has reproduc$--se5 & reproduc$ t :i* surr\nds !m--& inevitably1 fatally1 al?\gh eye & h& belong$ to ! man :o plac$ all 8 hopes 9 ! good ?+s ( =tune1 into ^: porphyry bra9 no idea ( good c\ld ent]1 :o = money w\ld h conclud$ any evil b>ga91 ! "w ?us produc$ by ?is commonplace1 grasp+ a!i/1 ,pet] ,p]ug9o1 mu/ be ! ideal ( all purely devotional art4 ,he 0 an a!i/ & a cynic1 b he 0 a great pa9t]1 & liv$ 9 ,umbria1 9 ! c\ntry ( sweet & au/]e hills & valleys1 9 ! c\ntry ^: moral air 0 /ill sc5t$ by ! fl[]ets ( ,/4 ,francis4 ,?is is ! end ( our long w&]+ up & d[n1 r\nd & r\nd1 ! "q ( arti/ic p]sonality1 ev5 z we mu/ w&] up & d[n1 r\nd & r\nd1 be=e we c rea* any ( ^! /range ,umbrian t[ns4 ,&1 z aft] long j\rney+1 :5 we ent] ! city1 & f9d t t :i* seem$ a ca/le1 a gr&1 pr9cely t[n1 all wall$ & t[]$ & battlem5t$1 is 9 reality only a l>ge1 r\gh village1 ) black5$ h\ses & fissur$ *ur* /eeples1 a place conta9+ no?+ ( any int]e/3 s also 9 ?is case1 :5 we h f9ally rea*$ our paltry conclusion t ?is pa9t] ( sa9ts 0 no sa9t himself1 we mu/ admit to ourselves t to arrive at ?is conclusion 0 sc>cely our real object2 ev5 z :ile travell+ ?r\gh ?is c\ntry ( ,p]ug9o we make our guide confess t :at1 9 all ?is exp$ition1 we 7 meant to see & enjoy1 0 n ! paltry1 deceptive hill-top village1 b ! s]e-br[n oakwoods1 t+$ russet by ! sun1 ! grey olive hills ?r\gh :i* we h sl[ly asc5d$1 & ! glimpses ( undulat+ grey-gre5 c\ntry & di/ant wave-blue m\nta9s :i* we h _h at e new turn ( our long & up-hill road4 ,,rusk9ism4 ,,! ,,w\ld-,,be ,,/udy ,,( ,a ,,consci5ce ,i give a place to ! foll[+ pages1 because1 = all ! diff]5ce ( =m1 ?is essay is ( ! same sort1 has _h ! same k9d ( orig91 z ! s seem+ly incongru\s /udies ) :i* x is b\nd up4 ,= ?is also is ! r\gh putt+ toge!r ( notes made at v>i\s times & 9 v>i\s phases ( /udy2 x is a s]ies ( self-que/ion+s & answ]s1 ( problems1 p]haps only half-=mulat$ & half-solv$1 :i* h aris5 r\nd "o man1 "o arti/1 "o art philosophy1 ev5 z 9 ! adjo9+ essays !y h aris5 ar\nd "s "o /atue1 or song1 or picture2 self-que/ion+s & problems1 ^! pres5t ones1 n ( /hetic "r & wrong sugge/$ by a giv5 "w ( art1 b ( moral fitness & unfitness sugge/$ by ! d\bts1 ! divisions1 ! mi/akes1 by ! compreh5sion 7or1 if y pref]1 ! misappreh5sion7 ( ! consci5ce ( p]haps ! greate/ & /range/ arti/ ( our days4 99 99 99 99 99 ,john ,rusk9 /&s q isolat$ among writ]s on art4 ,8 tru?s & 8 errors are alike ( a f> high] sort ?an ! tru?s & errors ( 8 fell[-work]s3 !y are tru?s & errors n ( m]e fact1 nor ( m]e reason+1 b ( t5d5cy1 ( moral attitude2 & 8 philosophy is ( f> great] importance ?an any o!r sy/em ( /hetics1 because x is n ! philosophy ( ! g5ius1 evolution or mean+ ( any art or ( all art1 b ! philosophy ( ! legitimacy or illegitimacy ( all & e art4 ,9 ! case ( e o!r writ] on art ! evils due to a false sy/em are1 9 proportion to ! great int]e/s ( our lives & ( ! life ar\nd1 b v paltry evils3 ! evils ( misconceiv+ ! relations betwe5 v>i\s ma/]s & v>i\s s*ools1 & ! causes ( v>i\s arti/ic ph5om5a2 ! evils ( misappreciat+ a "w or a =m ( art1 ( pref]r+ an inf]ior picture1 or /atue or piece ( music1 to a sup]ior "o2 ! evils ( buy+ flutt]+ ,/4 ,!resas ( ,b]n9i r ?an noble goddesses ( ,scopas2 ( ornam5t+ our h\ses ) pla/] dragons1 grimac+ too?less masks1 & meagre l9es ( l9tel & clumsy agglom]ations ( columns1 r ?an ) ! leaf & fl[] m\ld+1 ! noble ar*es & da9ty cornices ( m$ival art2 ! evils 9 %ort ( n und]/&+ q well or ( n appreciat+ q correctly4 ,v important evils )9 ! limit$ sph]e ( our arti/ic int]e/s1 & :i* we mu/ n neglect to eradicate2 b evils su* z _c deeply tr\ble our :ole nature1 or s]i\sly damage our :ole lives4 ,su* is ! case ) ! /hetic sy/ems1 ) ! tru?s & errors ( m5 l ,w9ckelmann1 ,less+1 ,hegel1 or ,ta9e2 b x is n s ) ! /hetic sy/em ( ,rusk94 ,= ! !ories ( all o!r writ]s on art deal only ) ! mean+ & value ( "o "w or s*ool ( art comp>$ ) ano!r "w or s*ool2 !y deal only ) ! "q h[ mu* ( our lik+ or dislik+ %\ld we give to ?is art or to t2 !y are all true or false )9 ! region allott$ to art4 ,b ! !ories ( ,rusk9 deal ) ! comp>ative importance ( arti/ic conc]ns & ! o!r conc]ns ( our lives3 !y deal ) ! problem1 h[ mu* ( our ?\ghts & our en]gies we h a "r to give to art1 & = :at reasons we may give any portion ( !m3 x deals ) ! "q ( ! legitimacy n ( "o k9d ( arti/ic enjoym5t m ?an ano!r1 b ( ! enjoym5t ( art at all4 ,! "q may at fir/ sight seem futile f its v magnitude3 unnecess>y because x has s long be5 answ]$4 ,9 ! fir/ mom5t _m ( u may answ] ) contempt t ! ?9k+ m5 & wom5 ( to-day are n ascetics ( ! ,middle ,ages1 nor utilit>ians ( ! #ah? c5tury1 nor ,scot* ,calv9i/s1 t !y %\ld require to be taught t beauty is nei!r s9ful nor useless1 t enjoym5t ( art is n f\l self-indulg5ce nor *ildi% pa/ime4 ,& s at fir/ x seems4 ,! ?9k+ m5 & wom5 ( our day are n any ( ^! ?+s1 & d n require to be answ]$ ^! que/ions4 ,b ?\gh ^! scruples & d\bts no long] tr\ble u1 we1 9 our n9ete5? c5tury1 are yet n entirely at peace 9 our he>ts4 ,=1 j 9 proportion z ! old religi\s fai? is dy+ out1 we are feel+ ! necessity to create a new2 z ! old vocations ( belief are becom+ few] & fur!r betwe51 ! new vocations ( duty are becom+ common]2 z ! old re/rictions ( ! writt5 law are melt+ away1 s !re appe>s ! new re/riction ( ! unwritt5 law1 ! law ( our emancipat$ consci5ce2 & ! less we g to our prie/s1 ! m d we g to our own inn] selves to "k :at we may d & :at we %\ld sacrifice3 ) our daily gr[+ lib]ty1 gr[s & mu/ gr[1 to all ! nobl] among u1 our responsibility4 ,nay1 ! m we realise t we h b ?is "o brief life :]e9 to act & to expiate1 ! m e>ne/ly d we ask ourselves to :at use we %\ld put ! little t is v\*saf$ u4 ,& ?us x comes to pass t !re exi/ among u _m :o1 see+ ! evil ar\nd !m1 see+ ! inf9itude ( falsehood :i* requires to be dispell$ & ( pa9 :i* requires to be alleviat$1 & ( inju/ice :i* requires to be de/roy$1 mu/ occasionally pause & ask !mselves :at "r !y h to give all1 or any1 ( _! limit$ "t & ?\ght & en]gy to ! m]e enjoym5t ( ! beautiful1 :5 !re exi/s on all sides evil :i* x seems to require unlimit$ ef=t to quell4 ,_m !re mu/ be1 & e day m1 :o are h>ri$ by _! love ( art & _! s5se ( duty1 :o daily ask !mselves ! "q :i* fir/ arose1 ne>ly =ty ye>s ago1 9 ! m9d ( ,john ,rusk92 & :i*1 settl$ by false answ]s1 has recurr$ to him ev] & anon1 & has %ak5 & %att]$ ! v sy/em :i* 0 int5d$ to answ] x = ev]4 ,john ,rusk9 has be5 end[$ z h be5 v few m5 z an arti/1 a critic1 & a morali/2 9 ! imm5se *aotic mass1 ! con/antly alt]$ & con/antly propp$ up ru9s ( an impossible sy/em1 :i* con/itute ! bulk ( 8 writ+s1 he has taught u m ( ! subtle reasons ( art1 he has reproduc$ ) 8 p5 m ( ! beauty ( physical nature1 & he has made u feel m pr(\ndly ! beauty ( moral nature1 ?an has1 p]haps1 be5 done sep>ately by any critic1 or arti/1 or morali/ ( 8 day4 ,he has possess$ )9 himself two v p]fect *>act]s1 has be5 fitt$ out = two v noble missions3--! creation ( beauty & ! de/ruction ( evil2 & ( ^! two halves ea* has be5 w>p$2 ( ^! two missions ea* has be5 hamp]$2 w>p$ & hamp]$ by ! v nobility ( ! man's nature3 by 8 ob/9ate refusal to compromise ) ! reality ( ?+s1 by 8 p]petual resi/ance to ! evid5ce ( 8 reason1 by 8 h]oic & lam5table cl++ to 8 own belief 9 h>mony :]e !re is discord1 9 p]fection :]e !re is imp]fection4 ,!re are natures :i* _c be coldly or resign$ly reasonable1 :i*1 despite all possible demon/ration1 _c accept evil z a necessity & inju/ice z a fact2 :i* mu/ believe _! own he>t r ?an _! own reason2 & :5 we meet su* natures1 we 9 our cold wisdom mu/ look ^u !m ) pity1 p]haps1 & regret1 b ) admiration & awe & envy4 ,su* a nature is t ( ,john ,rusk94 ,he belongs1 x is true1 to a g5]ation :i* is rapidly pass+ away2 he is ! almo/ isolat$ *ampion ( cre$s & ideas :i* h ceas$ ev5 to be discuss$ among ! ?9k+ "p ( our nation2 he is a believ] n only 9 ,good & 9 ,god1 b 9 ,*ri/ianity1 9 ! ,bible1 9 ,prote/antism2 he is1 9 _m respects1 a man left f> beh9d by ! curr5t ( mod]n ?\ght2 b he is1 nev]!less1 & unconsci\sly1 p]haps1 to himself1 ! greate/ repres5tative ( ! highly develop$ & conflict+ e?ical & /hetical nature :i* is becom+ m common 9 proportion z m5 are tak+ to ?9k & feel = !mselves2 8 is ! greate/ example ( ! /range battles & compromises :i* are daily tak+ place betwe5 our moral & our arti/ic halves2 & ! hi/ory ( 8 aspirations & 8 errors is ! type ( ! inn] hi/ory ( _m a humbl] ?9k] & humbl] arti/ ar\nd u4 ,:51 ne>ly =ty ye>s ago1 ,rusk9 fir/ came be=e ! _w ) ! wond]ful book--wond]ful 9 su/a9$ argum5t & description1 & 9 obscure1 half crazy1 half prophetic utt]ances--call$ ,mod]n ,pa9t]s1 x 0 felt t a totally new p[] _h ent]$ ! region ( arti/ic analysis4 ,x 0 n ! subtle sympa?y ) l9e & curve1 ) leaf & m\ld+1 nor ! wondr\s p[] ( reproduc+ ) m]e words ! dep?s ( sky & sea1 ! radiancies ( light & ! flame & sm\ld] ( cl\d2 x 0 n 8 critical insight nor 8 arti/ic faculty :i* drew to him at once ! s\ls ( a public s diff]5t1 9 its univ]sality1 f ! small eclectic b&s :i* surr\nd o!r /heticians2 x 0 ! feel+1 9 all :o read 8 books1 t ?is man 0 giv+ a s\l to ! skies & seas2 t he 0 brea?+ human feel+ into e c>v$ /one & pa9t$ canvas2 t he 0 bidd+ capital & mosaic1 nay1 e rude/ ornam5t hewn by ! humble/ workman1 to speak to m5 ) ! voice ( _! own he>t2 t = ! fir/ "t !re _h be5 br\ght into ! s]5e & egoti/ic _w ( art ! passion1 ! love1 & ! wra? ( righte\sness4 ,he came into x z an apo/le & a re=m]1 b z an apo/le & a re=m] /rangely diff]5t f ,w9ckelmann & ,s*legel1 f ,less+ & ,goe!4 ,=1 :ile attack+ ! ar*itecture ( ,palladio & ! pa9t+ ( ,salvator ,rosa2 :ile exp\nd+ ! l&scapes ( ,turn] & ! *ur*es ( ,v]ona1 he 0 n m]ely demoli%+ false classicism & false realism1 n m]ely v9dicat+ a neglect$ arti/ or a wrong$ s*ool3 he 0 come to sweep usurp+ evil out ( ! k+dom ( art1 & to re9/ate z its sole sov]eign no human craftsman1 b ,god himself4 ,god or ,good3 = to ,rusk9 ! two words h b "o mean+4 ,god & ,good mu/ receive ! :ole doma9 ( art2 x mu/ become ! holy ( holies1 ! temple & citadel ( righte\sness4 ,to d ?is 0 ! av[$ mission ( ?is /range successor1 haughty & humble1 & t5d] & wra?ful1 ( ! pagan ,w9ckelmann1 ( ! coldly s]5e ,goe!4 ,h[ came ,john ,rusk9 by ?is mission1 or :y %\ld 8 mission diff] s completely f t ( all 8 fell[s8 ,:y %\ld he insi/ ^u ! necessity ( morally sanctify+ art1 in/ead ( m]ely /hetically re=m+ x8 ,:y 0 x n en\gh = him t arti/ic pleasure %\ld be innoc5t1 )\t try+ to make x holy8 ,because1 = ,rusk9's nature1 comp\nd$ ( arti/ & morali/1 arti/ic engagem5t 0 a moral dang]1 a di/raction f 8 duty--= ,rusk9 0 n ! m]e arti/1 :o1 p[]less outside 8 art1 may1 because he c only1 give 8 :ole en]gies to x2 he 0 n ! m]e morali/ :o1 indiff]5t to art1 c give x a pass+ glance )\t int]rupt+ = a mom5t 8 "w ( good2 he felt himself end[$ to /ruggle = righte\sness & b\nd to d s1 & he felt himself also irresi/ibly attract$ by m]e beauty4 ,to ! moral nature ( ! man ?is m]e beauty1 :i* ?reat5$ to absorb 8 exi/5ce1 became positively s9ful2 :ile he knew t evil 0 rag+ )\t requir+ all 8 en]gies to quell x1 e m9ute1 e ?\ght div]t$ f ! cause ( good 0 s mu* ga9 = ! cause ( evil2 innoc5ce1 m]e negative good1 !re c\ld n be1 z long z !re rema9$ positive evil4 ,?us x appe>$ to ,rusk94 ,?is /range knight-errant ( righte\sness1 consci\s ( 8 heav5 end[$ /r5g?1 felt t dur+ e half-h\r ( delay 9 ! ,armida's g>d5 ( art1 new rootlets 7 be+ put =?1 new leaves 7 be+ unfold$ by ! en*ant$ =e/ ( error :i* ov]%ad[$ & poison$ ! e>?1 & :i* x 0 8 "w to hew & burn d[n2 t e mom5t ( reluctant f>ewell f ! weird wit* ( beauty meant a fre% outrage1 an additional defil+ ( ! holy ( holies to rescue :i* he _h receiv$ 8 /rong muscle & 8 %>p weapons4 ,?us1 refus+ to divide 8 "t & ?\ghts betwe5 8 moral "w & 8 arti/ic1 ,rusk9 mu/ absolutely & completely ab&on ! latt]2 if art seem$ to him n m]ely a wa/e ( p[]1 b an absolute dang] = 8 nobl] side1 !re evid5tly 0 no alt]native b to abjure x = ev]4 ,b a man _c ?us ab&on 8 own field1 abjure ! "w = :i* he is specially fitt$2 he may mortify1 & mutilate & imprison 8 body1 b he _c mortify or mutilate 8 m9d1 he _c imprison 8 ?\ghts4 ,john ,rusk9 0 drawn irresi/ibly t[>ds art because he 0 specially organis$ = x4 ,! impossible _c be done3 nature mu/ f9d a v5t1 & ! arti/ic half ( ,rusk9's m9d f\nd its way ( elud+ ! app>5tly insoluble difficulty3 8 desire reason$1 & 8 desire 0 p]suad$4 ,a revelation came to him3 he 0 nei!r to compromise ) s9 nor to r5\nce 8 own nature4 ,= x /ruck him sudd5ly t ?is irresi/ible crav+ = ! beautiful1 :i* he w\ld h sil5c$ z a temptation ( evil1 0 9 reality ! call to 8 mission2 t ?is doma9 ( art1 :i* he _h felt b\nd to ab&on1 0 9 reality ! de/9$ field = 8 moral combats1 ! realm :i* he mu/ reconqu] = ,god & = ,good4 ,rusk9 _h consid]$ art z s9ful z long z x 0 only negatively innoc5t3 by ! /range logic ( desire he made x positively righte\s1 actively holy2 :at he _h be5 afraid to t\*1 he sudd5ly p]ceiv$ t he 0 comm&$ to h&le4 ,he _h s\ght = a solution ( 8 own d\bts1 & ! solution 0 ! v gospel :i* he 0 to prea* to o!rs2 ! tru? :i* _h sav$ him 0 ! tru? :i* he mu/ proclaim4 ,& t tru?1 :i* _h end$ ,rusk9's own scruples1 0 t ! basis ( art is moral2 t art _c be m]ely pleasant or unpleasant1 b mu/ be lawful or unlawful1 t e legitimate arti/ic enjoym5t is due to ! p]ception ( moral propriety1 t e arti/ic excell5ce is a moral virtue1 e arti/ic fault is a moral vice2 t noble art c spr+ only f noble feel+1 t ! :ole sy/em ( ! beautiful is a sy/em ( moral emotions1 moral selections1 & moral appreciation2 & t ! aim & end ( art is ! expression ( man's ob$i5ce to ,god's w1 & ( 8 recognition ( ,god's goodness4 ,su* 0 ! solution ( ,rusk9's scruples respect+ 8 "r ( giv+ to art ! "t & en]gies he might h giv5 to moral improvem5t2 & su* ! /hetical cre$ :i* he felt b\nd1 by conviction & by ! necessity ( self-ju/ification1 to develop into a sy/em & to apply to e s+le case4 ,! notion ( mak+ beauty n m]ely a vague emanation f ! div9ity1 z 9 ! old platonic philosophies1 b a direct result1 an infallible concomitant ( moral excell5ce2 ( mak+ ! physical ! m]e reflexion ( ! moral1 is inde$ a v beautiful & noble idea2 b x is a false idea4 ,=--& ?is is "o ( ! po9ts :i* ,rusk9 w n admit--! true /ate ( ?+s is by no means always ! noble/ or ! mo/ beautiful2 our long+ = ineffable h>mony is no pro( t su* h>mony exi/s3 ! phantom ( p]fection :i* hov]s be=e u is (t5 n ! mirage ( "s di/ant reality1 b a m]e va9 %ad[ project$ by our own desires1 :i* we mu/ foll[1 b may nev] obta94 ,9 ! s\l ( all ( u exi/s1 (t5e/ fragm5t>y & blurr$1 a plan ( h>mony & p]fection :i* mu/ s]ve u z guide 9 our work+s1 9 our alt]+ & rebuild+ ( ?+s2 b we mu/ n expect t ) ?is plan %\ld co9cide ! actual arrangem5ts ( nature2 we mu/ bew>e le/ we use z a map ( ! e>? into :i* we h be5 creat$ ! map ( ! heav5 :i* we seek to create2 = we %all f9d t ! ways are diff]5t1 we %all g a/ray bewild]$ & 9 bitt]ness1 we %all sit d[n 9 despair 9 ?is c\ntry :i* is evil :]e x %\ld h be5 good1 arid :]e x %\ld h be5 fruitful1 & we %all uselessly weep or rage until all ! "t = our j\rney+s & work+s is ov]1 & dea? has come to ask h[ mu* we h done4 ,s9 & ,pa9 & ,inju/ice are realities1 & :at is worse1 !y are necessities3 !y are n despite ,nature1 b ?r\gh ,nature2 de/ructive =ces p]haps1 b :i* ,nature requires = h] endless "w ( con/ruction2 puni%$ p]haps 9 ! individual wret* devot$ to !m1 b ord]$ nev]!less by t same puni%+ p[] :i* requires !m4 ,& worse /ill1 evil & good are n oppon5ts1 !y are n = ev] de/roy+ ea* o!r's "w1 = ev] m>%all$ 9 battle aga9/ ea* o!r2 !y are comb9$ ?\gh ho/ile1 us$ 9 ! same great "w ( action & reaction3 toge!r !y build & de/roy1 toge!r !y are knit 9 close/ & mo/ twi/$ bonds ( cause & effect2 bonds s close1 s inextricably cross$ & recross$ t sev]+ "o ( !m1 te>+ & cutt+ !m asund]1 x seems z if ! :ole univ]se w\ld cra% d[n ^u u4 ,9 ?is _w ( reality :]e evil leads to good & life to dea?2 :]e h>monies are imp]fect1 !re is no unv>y+ correspond5ce betwe5 ?+s1 no necess>y g5esis ( good f good1 & evil f evil4 ,!re is mu* conflict & mu* isolation4 ,& ?us ! _w ( ! physically beautiful is isolat$ f ! _w ( ! morally excell5t3 !re is sometimes correspond5ce betwe5 !m1 & sometimes conflict1 b bo? accid5tal & due to no inn] aff9ity1 b only to ext]ior causes3 mo/ (t5 !re is no relation at all4 ,= ! qualities ( "r & wrong1 & ( beautiful & ugly1 & our p]ceptions ( !m1 belong to diff]5t p>ts ( our be+1 ev5 z to a yet diff]5t "p ( our be+ belong our p]ception ( true & false1 t is1 ( exi/+ & non-exi/+4 ,a true ?+ ne$ by no means be a good or a beautiful ?+3 t g5]ations ( m5 are doom$ to s9 & mis]y is no good fact2 t millions ( putrify+ bodies lie b5ea? ! gr\nd is no beautiful fact1 b bo? are nev]!less true facts1 true ) t tru? ( :i* sci5ce1 _h x p]ception ( good & ( beauty z well z m]e p]ception ( tru?1 %\ld say1 ,i recognize1 b ,i %udd]--,& ?us also is x ) ! good & ! beautiful3 !y h no connection except t1 ea* 9 its k+dom1 is ! be/1 ! desirable1 t = :i* we %\ld all /rive1 t = :i* ! :ole ( nature1 despite its inextricable evils1 seems to crave & to /ruggle4 ,a pure /ate ( s\l is l a pure /ate ( body3 a morbid crav+ is l a disease2 a noble moral attitude is l a noble physical attitude3 moral excell5ce & physical beauty are bo? ! heal?y1 ! p]fect2 b !y are ! heal?y1 ! p]fect1 9 two totally diff]5t halves ( nature1 & we p]ceive & judge !m by totally diff]5t organisms4 ,:5ce our moral in/9cts h come1 or h[ !y ev] ent]$ into ! s*eme ( a _w 9 :i* !re is s mu* to %ock !m2 h[ ! pref]5ce = ! good ( o!rs 0 ev] evolv$ out ( ! pref]5ce = ! good ( self is a "q mo/ spe$ily solv$ by ! m5 ( sci5ce :o seek ! reasons :y ,*ri/ is good & ! ?9n$ gold-leav$ popl>s by ! riv] are beautiful1 9 ! liv+ n]ves ( ripp$-up bea/s2 ?is mu* is evid5t t moral in/9ct judges t "p ( actions :i* is nei!r to be felt ) our h&s1 nor to be se5 ) our eyes1 nor to be ta/$ or he>d or smelt3 x judges & f9ds good or evil c]ta9 qualities or comb9ations ( qualities :i* d n mat]ially exi/3 ?+s :i* ?\gh !y h z real an exi/5ce z any?+ :i* c be ta/$ or sniff$ or f+]$1 h yet a purely intellectual exi/5ce1 c be f\nd only by ^? my/]i\s s5ses :i*1 ev5 z t\* & he>+1 & smell & ta/e & sight1 put u 9 communication ) ! physical _w outside u1 put u f> m wond]fully 9 communication ) ! moral _w )9 u4 ,! qualities con/itut+ physical beauty1 on ! o!r h&1 are1 to a l>ge ext5t at lea/1 p]ceiv$ by our physical s5ses3 !re is inde$ a po9t :]e ! m]e n]ve s5sations no long] s]ve to expla9 /hetical lik+s or dislik+s1 :]e1 on ! o!r h&1 ! addition ( m]e logical consid]ations ( fitness seem insuffici5t to acc\nt = ph5om5a1 :]e1 9 %ort1 we are =c$ to h rec\rse to a v confus$ & at pres5t unt5able idea ( inh]it$ habits & love ( proportion1 b x nev]!less rema9s evid5t t physical beauty is a ?+ p]ceiv$ ?r\gh ! physical s5ses & concretely extant 9 ! _w ar\nd u4 ,we say t a "* is morally good because c]ta9 actions or words reveal to u ! exi/5ce ( c]ta9 t5d5cies & habits ( feel+ :i* 7no matt] h[ in/itut$7 satisfy & delight our moral nature1 because !re is betwe5 ^! t5d5cies ( feel+ & our moral nature a my/]i\s aff9ity1 :i* may dep5d on n]ve cells or on logical argum5ts1 b does n 9 ! lea/ resemble ei!r4 ,b :5 we say t a tree is beautiful1 x is because1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 its m]e s5sation-giv+ qualities1 tak5 sep>ately1 affect u agreeably 9 our v>i\s physical p>ts3 ! col\r /imulat+ or soo?+ our col\r n]ves1 ! size1 enabl+ our visual n]ves to take 9 its %ape agreeably2 its %adyness1 :i* ev5 z a m]e sugge/ion1 pleases our tactile n]ves1 its ru/le1 :i* pleasantly moves our n]ves ( he>+2 & ev5 if we admit t ! p]ception t ! tree z a :ole is beautiful1 z di/+ui%$ f c]ta9 ( its qualities be+ agreeable1 dep5ds ^u some?+ high] & m recondite ?an m]e n]ve tickle1 ev5 !n x rema9s t :atev] ab/ract in/9ct ( beauty we may possess1 x is only ?r\gh physical s5sations t ?is in/9ct is rea*$2 & t a man born bl9d _c p]ceive beauty ( col\rs nor a man born deaf beauty ( s\nds1 simply because ! physical receptive organs ( sight & s\nd are want+4 ,?us1 9 %ort1 beauty is a physical quality1 z goodness is a moral quality3 & if !y are 9 a way equival5ts1 beauty be+ physical goodness1 & goodness moral beauty1 x is exactly because ea* has a sep>ate sph]e 9 :i* ea* respectively1 repres5ts ! be/4 ,t beauty is 9 itself physical1 is a po9t :i* few h d5i$3 t beautiful curves & h>monies are moral qualities v few h ass]t$4 ,b few h z yet be5 will+ to admit t beauty is a quality indep5d5t ( goodness1 indep5d5t sometimes to ! ext5t ( ho/ility3 t x is z indep5d5t ( moral excell5ce z is logical correctness4 ,yet ?us x is2 & ?us all ( u mu/ vaguely feel2 all ^? :o ?9k1 mu/ closely p]ceive x to be4 ,!re is no ju/ice1 no *>ity1 no moral excell5ce 9 physical beauty4 ,x is a negative ?+4 ,if x refuses to associate ) evil1 to dwell 9 ! putrid corpse or 9 ! face ( ! murd]]1 x is because physical beauty is a concomitant ( physical purity & heal?1 & decay+ corpses are always unheal?y1 :ile evil s\ls ne>ly always leave ugly m>ks on ! bodies3 b ! putresc5t corpse & ! murd]]'s face are bo? ugly because !y are physically wrong1 n because !y are morally abom9able4 ,beauty1 9 itself1 is nei!r morally good nor morally bad3 x is /hetically good1 ev5 z virtue is nei!r /hetically good nor /hetically bad1 b morally good4 ,beauty is pure1 complete1 egoti/ic3 x has no o!r value ?an its be+ beautiful4 ,?is is a bitt] ?+ to say1 a cruel confession on ! "p ( "o ^: love & ^: *ief int]e/ is ! beautiful1 to make to himself3 ?is t 8 belov$ & mu* /udi$ ,beautiful1 :i* is 8 happ9ess & 8 /udy1 has no moral value3 t above ?is sup]b & fasc9at+ ?+1 !re are ?+s :i* are bett]1 nobl]1 m necess>y1 & = ^: sake1 9 case ( conflict1 ?is ador$ quality mu/ be trampl$ "u foot4 ,a bitt] confession2 b ! tru? is ! tru?1 & mu/ be admitt$2 to ourselves fir/ ( all4 ,x is1 z we h said1 "o ( ! wick$ anomalies ( ?is _w t ! true1 ! exi/+1 is at v>iance ) t :i* we %\ld wi% to exi/3 we _c replace ) impunity ! ugly1 ! cruel1 ! mean tru? by ! *>m+1 ! g5]\s fancy2 if we d s1 we mu/ be prep>$ to break ) all tru?1 or to compromise ) all falsehood3 we %all create an evil a hundr$fold worse ?an ! "o we wi%$ to avoid4 ,we are afraid ( a tru? :i* j>s ^u our s5se ( ! morally desirable3 we inv5t & accept a lie1 plausible & noble2 & behold6 9 a mom5t we are surr\nd$ by a logical "w ( falsehood1 :i* mu/ be = ev] torn & = ev] pat*$ up if any portion ( tru? is to ent]4 ,su* has be5 ! case ) ,john ,rusk92 he %rank f own+ to himself :at we h j recogniz$1 ) reluctance1 inde$1 & sorr[1 t ! beautiful to ^: /udy & creation he 0 s irresi/ibly drawn1 _h no moral value2 t 9 ! great battle betwe5 good & evil1 beauty rema9$ neutral1 passive1 s]5ely egoti/ic4 ,x 0 necess>y = him t beauty %\ld be m ?an passively innoc5t3 he mu/ make x actively holy4 ,only a moral mean+ c\ld make art noble2 & z1 9 ! deep-root$ convictions ( ,rusk91 art 0 noble1 a moral mean+ mu/ be f\nd4 ,! :ole ( ! philosophy ( art mu/ be remodell$ ^u an e?ical basis2 a moral value mu/ ev]y:]e sanction ! arti/ic attraction4 ,& ?us ,rusk9 came to con/ruct a /range sy/em ( falsehood1 9 :i* moral motives appli$ to purely physical actions1 moral mean+s giv5 to ! m]ely /hetically significant1 moral consequ5ces drawn f absolutely une?ical decisions2 ev5 ! m]e/ co9cid5ces 9 hi/orical & arti/ic ph5om5a1 nay1 ev5 9 ! m]e gr[? ( v>i\s sorts ( plants1 nay1 ev5 ! mo/ ludicr\sly appli$ biblical texts1 7 all dragg$ =w>d & comb9$ into a wondr\s legal summ+-up = ! beatification ( art2 ! s5se ( ! impossibility ( rationally ref]r+ c]ta9 /hetical ph5om5a to e?ical causes produc+ 9 ?is lucid & noble ?9k] a sort ( fr5zy1 a wild impulse to solve irrational que/ions by direct appeals = an oracul> judgm5t ( ,god1 to be s\ght = 9 ! mo/ trump]y co9cid5ces ( accid5ts2 s t ! man :o has und]/ood mo/ ( ! subtle reasons ( arti/ic beauty1 :o has grasp$ mo/ completely ! psy*ological causes ( great art & poor art1 is (t5 r$uc$ to answ] 8 p]plexities by a sort ( /hetico-moral key & bible div9ation1 or heads-w9 tails-lose1 toss-up decision4 ,! ma9 pivots ( ,rusk9's sy/em are1 h[ev]1 b few3 fir/1 ! ass]tion t all legitimate arti/ic action is gov]n$ by moral consid]ations1 is ! direct putt+ 9 practice ( ! comm&m5ts ( ,god2 & secondly1 t all pleasure 9 ! beautiful is ! act ( appreciat+ ! goodness & wisdom ( ,god4 ,^! two ma9 !ories completely balance "o ano!r2 betwe5 !m1 & ) ! occasional addition ( my/ic symbolism1 !y mu/ expla9 ! :ole "q ( arti/ic "r & wrong4 ,n[ = ,rusk9 arti/ic "r & wrong is n only a v complex1 b1 9 _m respects1 a v fluctuat+ "q2 9 ord] to see h[ complex & h[ fluctuat+1 we mu/ rememb] :at ,rusk9 is1 & :at are 8 aims4 ,rusk9 is no ord9>y /hetician1 int]e/$ 9 art only inasmu* z x is a subject = ?\ght1 untr\bl$ 9 ! fram+ ( hi/ories1 psy*ological sy/ems ( art philosophy by any p]sonal lik+s & dislik+s2 ,rusk9 is ess5tially an arti/1 he ?9ks ab\t art because he feels ab\t art1 & 8 sole object is morally to ju/ify 8 arti/ic sympa?ies & av]sions1 morally to ju/ify 8 c>+ ab\t art at all4 ,) him ! in/9ctive lik+s & dislik+s are ! orig9al motor1 ! sy/em is !re only = _! sake4 ,he _c1 !re=e1 l ,less+1 or ,hegel1 or ,ta9e1 quietly %ove aside any ph5om5on ( arti/ic pref]5ce :i* does n happ5 to fit into 8 sy/em2 he c\ld1 l ,hegel1 assign an inf]ior rank to pa9t+1 because pa9t+ has to fall into ! category assign$ to romantic1 t is to say1 imp]fect art2 he c\ld n1 l ,ta9e1 delib]ately /igmatise music z a morbid art because x _h aris51 accord+ to 8 !ory1 9 a morbid /ate ( society2 ) ,rusk9 ev]y?+ mu/ f9ally yield to ! te/imony ( 8 arti/ic s5se3 ev]y?+ :i* he likes mu/ be legitimat$1 ev]y?+ :i* he dislikes mu/ be condemn$2 & = ?is purpose ! sy/em ( arti/ic morality mu/ = ev] be alt]$1 annotat$1 provid$ ) endless sav+-clauses1 & special cases4 ,& all ?is ! m especially z1 9 ! c\rse ( 8 /udies1 ,rusk9 frequ5tly p]ceives t ?+s :i* on sup]ficial acqua9tance displeas$ him1 are 9 reality delightful1 9 consequ5ce ( :i* discov]y a new legislation is requir$ to annul _! previ\s condemnation & provide = _! due hon\r4 ,?us1 hav+ conceiv$ a p]haps exagg]at$ av]sion 7due1 9 great "p1 to ! inju/ice ( 8 adv]s>ies7 to ! mann] ( repres5t+ ! nature ( c]ta9 ,dut* pa9t]s ( ! #ag? c5tury1 ,rusk9 imm$iately =mulat$ a !ory t m9ute imitation ( nature 0 base & s9ful2 & :5 he conceiv$ a p]haps equally exagg]at$ admiration = ! works ( c]ta9 extremely c>eful & ev5 s]vile ,engli% pa9t]s ( our own times1 he 0 =c$ to =mulate an explanatory !ory t m9ut5ess ( "w 0 consci5ti\s1 appreciative1 & di/9ctly holy4 ,_h he be5 satisfi$ ) m]e arti/ic value1 he ne$ only h said t ! ,dut* pictures 7 ugly1 & ! ,engli% pictures beautiful2 b hav+ once e/abli%$ all arti/ic judgm5t ^u an e?ical basis1 x became urg5t t he %\ld inv5t a m or less casui/ic reason1 some?+ n unlike ! di/+uo by means ( :i* ! ,jesuit morali/s r5d]$ innoc5t 9 _! p[]ful p5it5ts :at !y _h decl>$ s9ful 9 less privileg$ p1 to expla9 t1 "u c]ta9 circum/ances1 m9ute imitation 0 ! result ( insol5ce & apa?y1 & 9 o!r cases ! sign ( humility & appreciation4 ,aga91 hav+ be5 in/9ctively impress$ by ! coldness & insipidity ( ! s*ools ( art :i* o/5sibly refus$ to copy individual nature1 & pr(ess$ to reproduce only ! m important & ess5tial "* ( ?+s1 ,rusk9 annihilat$ ^! ideali/ic conv5tionali/s by a *>ge ( impi\s contempt = ! details ( individual peculi>ities :i* ,god _h be5 pleas$ to put into 8 "w2 & :51 on ! o!r h&1 8 gr[+ love = m$ival art & = my/icism began to draw him t[>ds ! ,giottesque & ev5 ! pre-,giottesque arti/s1 :o left out ( _! "w all except ! absolutely ess5tial & typical traits1 ,rusk9 sanctifi$ _! conv5tionalism z ! result ( pref]5ce = ! m]ely spiritual & morally int]e/+ portion ( ! subject4 ,! fact t ! ov] ref9em5t ( ! ideali/s ( ! #af? c5tury end$ 9 insipidity because x 0 due to a g5]al organic decl9e 9 ! art1 & t ! rud5ess ( ! conv5tional arti/s ( ! #ad? c5tury possess$ a c]ta9 nobility because x 0 m]ely a mom5t>y incapacity 9 a rapidly progress+ art2 ?is fact1 & ) x ! k t ! developm5t & decl9e ( e art is due to c]ta9 necessities ( g5]al *ange1 all t expla9s ! life ( any & e art1 completely escapes ,rusk9 on acc\nt ( 8 explanation by moral motives4 ,9 ?is way ,rusk9 has con/ruct$ a :ole sy/em ( arti/ic e?ics1 extremely contradictory &1 z we h rem>k$1 be>+ z great a resemblance to ! text book1 full ( di/+uos & directions ( ! int5tion ( "o ( ,pascal's ,jesuits z a v morally pure & noble "w c be> to a v base & deprav$ "o4 ,& ?r\gh\t ?is sy/em scatt]$ fragm5t>ily ?r\gh\t 8 v>i\s books1 e arti/ic m]it or dem]it is dispos$ ( z a virtu\s action or a crime2 ! moral pr9ciple e/abli%$ = ! explanation ( "o case naturally involv+ ! prejudgm5t ( ano!r case2 & ! :ole sy/em expla9+ by moral del9qu5cies ! arti/ic inf]iority ( a giv5 "t or p1 &1 on ! o!r h&1 attribut+ ! moral & social ru9 ( a c5tury or a nation to ! arti/ic abom9ations x _h p]petrat$4 ,! arrangem5ts ( l9tels & columns1 ! am\nt ( incru/ation ( col\r$ m>ble on to brick1 ! degree to :i* w9d[ trac]ies may be legitimately att5uat$ & curl$1 ! value ( ,greek honeysuckle patt]ns z comp>$ ) ,go?ic h$ge-rose ornam5ts1 all ^! & a ?\s& o!r que/ions ( m]e excell5ce ( arti/ic effect1 are discuss$ on ! score ( _! morality or bas5ess1 ( _! tru?fulness1 or ju/ice1 or humility2 & ,rusk9's madness aga9/ any k9d ( *eat+ or deception goes to ! l5g?1 9 "o memorable passage 9 ! ,sev5 ,lamps ( ,ar*itecture1 ( condemn+ ,correggio's ceil+ ( ,/4 ,paolo at ,p>ma because1 z real *ildr5 might be climb+ 9 a real v9e trellise above our heads1 !re is possibility ( deception & ( s92 :]eas1 z none ( u expect to see ! heav5s op5 above u1 !re is no possibility ( deception1 & consequ5tly no s9 9 ,correggio's glory ( angels 9 ! ,p>ma ,ca!dral2 ?us absolv+ on ! score ( morality a r confus$ & sprawl+ composition1 & condemn+ z immoral "o ( ! mo/ graceful & *ildlike works ( ! ,r5aissance4 ,! result ( ?is sy/em ( expla9+ all arti/ic ph5om5a by e?ical causes is1 z we h rem>k$1 t ! real cause ( any ph5om5on1 ! explanation af=d$ u by hi/ory1 is entirely ov]look$ or ev5 ignom9i\sly reject$4 ,?us ,rusk9 attributes ! decay ( ,go?ic ar*itecture to "o endeav\r to assume1 9 excessive flims9ess ( trac]y1 ! semblance ( :at x 0 n--to its hav+ sacrific$ a s+le tru?4 ,n[ ! violation ( ! nature & possibilities ( ! mat]ial1 :at ,rusk9 9 e?ical language calls ! endeav\r to trick1 0 n ! cause b ! effect ( a gradual decl9e 9 ! art4 ,! lace "w ( #ae? c5tury ,go?ic is n a lie1 x is an effete =m4 ,! p]fect =ms _h be5 obta9$1 & z ! gr[? ( ! art c\ld n be *eck$1 imp]fect ones naturally succe$$ !m2 ! workman _h hewn en\gh1 _h dim9i%$ ! /one surfaces suffici5tly1 _h c>v$ ! leafage z mu* z 0 compatible ) beauty2 ! succe$+ g5]ations ( workm5 cont9u$ to "w1 & :at happ5$8 ,!y hew$ away too mu*1 !y dim9i%$ ! /one surface too mu*1 !y c>v$ ! leafage too deep1 ea* g5]ation cutt+ away m & m1 until ! :ole fabric _h rea*$ su* a degree ( flims9ess t1 _h n ! ,r5aissance swept its cobwebs away1 !y w\ld h be5 torn to %r$s by ! ,go?ic arti/s !mselves4 ,an art corrupts & dies ( its own vital pr9ciples1 z does e o!r liv+ & *ang+ ?+1 z a fl[] )]s ( its own life3 y beg9 by *ipp+1 y end1 z 9 ,go?ic ar*itecture1 by *ipp+ into no?+ness4 ,y beg9 ) gr\p+3 y end ) gr\p+1 l ,mi*elangiolo & ,p>megianno1 into knots & lumps2 y beg9 by rais+ y\r figures out ( ! backgr\nd3 y end1 l ,ghib]ti1 by ty+ !m on ) ! n>r[e/ slip ( bronze2 y beg9 ) modulat+3 y end1 l ,raff1 ,brahms1 & o!r ,wagn]i/s1 by modulat+ into *aos4 ,art1 if x lives1 mu/ gr[1 & if x gr[s x mu/ gr[ old & die4 ,& ?is fact gradually1 ?\gh in/9ctively1 beg9n+ to be felt by all ?9k]s on art1 ,rusk91 ) 8 !ory ( moral /hetics1 c\ld nev] recognize4 ,= him ! corruption ( ! art is due to ! moral corruption ( ! arti/3 if ! arti/ rema9$ tru?fully mode/1 ! p]fection ( ! art w\ld cont9ue indef9itely4 ,aga91 ! necessity ( ref]r+ all good art to morality & all bad art to immorality1 obliges ,rusk9 to po/ulate t e p]iod :i* has produc$ bad art has be5 a p]iod ( moral decay4 ,! arti/ic habits :i* displease him mu/ be a direct result ( a vici\s way ( feel+ & act+ 9 all ?+s3 ! decay ( ,v5etian ar*itecture & sculpture mu/ be di/9ctly ref]able to ! decay ( ,v5etian morality 9 ! #ae? c5tury2 & ! f9al corruption & ru9 ( ! /ate mu/ be trac$ to ! moral obliquity :i* caus$ ,v5etians to adopt pseudo-classic =ms 9 ! ,riva faade ( ! ,ducal palace2 moral degradation & arti/ic degradation1 act+ & re-act+ on ea* o!r1 br+ ab\t1 accord+ to ,rusk91 political ru92 ! iniquities ( ! m5 :o became apo/ates to ,go?ic ar*itecture are visit$ ^u _! di/ant desc5dants1 ^u ! ,v5etians ( ! days ( ,campo ,=mio4 ,n[ "h aga9 ! e?ical basis induces a complete hi/orical misconception1 a misconception n only 9 ! hi/ory ( art1 b also 9 ! hi/ory ( civilization4 ,=1 j z 8 sy/em ( moral s9 & arti/ic puni%m5t bl9ds ,rusk9 to ! necessities ( *ange & decay 9 art1 s1 also1 x prev5ts 8 see+ ! inevitable necessity ( political gr[? & decl9e4 ,rusk9 seeks ! cause ( ! fall ( ,v5ice 9 moral corruption manife/$1 or suppos$ to be manife/$1 9 art2 b ! cause ( ! fall ( ,v5ice mu/ be s\ght else:]e4 ,look at ?is lagoon1 ?is ,adriatic1 ?is ,m$it]ranean3 9 ! #ad? c5tury !y are ! s\rce ( ! greatness ( ! ,z5os & ,pisanis2 ?ree or f\r hundr$ ye>s lat] !y w be ! cause ( ! pett9ess ( ! ,moros9is & ,emos4 ,9 ! pres5t1 9 ?is "t ( ,d&olo1 into :i* ,rusk9 has l$ u1 x is to !m t ,v5ice owes ! humiliation ( ,b>b>ossa 9 ! por* ( ,/4 ,m>k's2 to !m 9 ! future w be ow$ ! triumph ( ,bonap>te & ! tricol\r wav+ f ! flag/aff ( ! squ>e4 ,= 9 ! middle ages ! sea means ! ,m$it]ranean & ! ,baltic1 ! two great navigable1 weal?-yield+ lakes1 & ar\nd !m arises prosp]ity3 ,amalfi1 ,pisa1 ,g5oa1 ,v5ice1 ,lbeck1 ,dantzig1 ,brehm52 ! m5 :o live on ! %ores ( ! ,m$it]ranean take ! ri*es ( ! ,ea/ & ( ,india1 & conqu] ,greece & ! isl&s1 & gr[ ri*2 & on ?is /rip ( m>%l& keep armies :i* c cope ) ! unit$ =ces ( ,europe4 ,su* is ! sea ( ! middle ages4 ,b ! sea ( mod]n times is ! ocean2 give ! means ( navigat+ t1 give to ! b>b>ians :o inhabit its coa/s j en\gh civilization to build a %ip & /e] x1 & ^? b>b>ians1 yes1 ! boors ( ,frisia1 ! savages ( ,engl&1 & ( ,norm&y1 & ( ,portugal1 w become ! ma/]s ( ! _w1 & ,v5etians & ,g5oese %all be _! puppets1 & ! ,m$it]ranean _! pond4 ,s9ce to ! comm]ce ( ! ,m$it]ranean !y w oppose ! comm]ce ( ! ocean1 to ! ri*es ( ,greece1 ( ,asia ,m9or1 ,p]sia1 & ,egypt1 ! ri*es ( ,mexico & ,p]u1 ( ,india & ( ,*9a1 :i* w fl[ into ! banks ( ,london1 ( ,lisbon1 ( ,antw]p1 & :i* w create armies to sweep all ,italy out ( ! field4 ,! ,ocean has sup]s$$ ! ,m$it]ranean1 ! b\ndless ! b\nd$2 ?is is ! explanation ( ! fall ( ,v5ice1 ( h] political torpor & h] consequ5t vices4 ,x is a law ( nature t ! small & %elt]$ spots %all suffice :ile civilization is small1 b t z x gr[s x w seek a wid] field1 & its orig9al homes be ab&on$4 ,a small c\ntry1 a small sea1 made ,greece & ,italy greate/ 9 antiquity & ! middle ages2 a small c\ntry1 a n>r[ sea1 make !m smalle/ 9 mod]n times4 ,& :5 ! fir/ galley ( ,pr9ce ,h5ry1 ! fir/ p9nace ( ,am/]dam or ,london1 nay1 ! fir/ little ,norman craft set sail = ,/4 ,br&an's ,isle1 ! fate ( ,v5ice 0 seal$2 ,lodovico ,man91 & ,casanova1 & ,bonap>te1 & ,campo ,=mio1 all t 9 ,v5etian hi/ory c mean corruption & disgrace1 all 0 irrevocably fix$2 ! geographical *ance :i* _h rais$ ! palaces ( ,v5ice has also caus$ !m to m\ld]2 "t :i* made has also unmade1 = life is movem5t & movem5t is *ange4 ,t immorality is n ! cause b ! effect ( political decl9e is z little conceiv$ by ,rusk9 z t nei!r ! "o nor ! o!r c be produc$ by arti/ic degradation2 9 8 sy/em :i* makes arti/ic inf]iority ! visible expression ( moral corruption1 & national mis=tune its direct puni%m5t1 !re c be no room = any ( ! great laws ( developm5t & decay :i* hi/orical sci5ce is n[ beg9n+ to p]ceive4 ,all ?+s mu/ be c>ri$ on ^u ! miracul\s sy/em ( ,sunday s*ool books1 :]e planks ( bridges give way f ! cog5t me*anical reason t ! little boys pass+ ov] !m h j be5 tell+ lies or /eal+ apples2 ,god is = ev] busy unbolt+ trapdoors b5ea? ! feet ( ! iniquit\s & roll+ /ones d[n on ! heads ( blasphem]s4 ,& ?is same necessity ( condemn+ morally a p]iod ^: arti/ic "w 9 any p>ticul> l9e is /hetically wor?less 9 ,rusk9's judgm5t1 n only leads him into ! mo/ absurd misappreciation ( ! moral value ( a "t1 b entirely =bids 8 recogniz+ ! fact t ! decay ( "o art is frequ5tly co9cid5t )1 & 9 "s measure due to1 ! effloresc5ce ( ano!r4 ,! indep5d5t developm5t ( pa9t+ requir$ ! decay ( ! ar*itecture ( ! middle ages1 ^: symbolical1 purely decorative t5d5cy condemn$ pa9t+ to be a sort ( allegorical or n>rative ,arabesque2 ^: well def9$ ar*es might n be brok5 ?r\gh by d>+ p]spective1 ^: delicate cornices might n enclose m ?an a m]e rigid & simply t9t$ mosaic1 or mosaic-l fresco4 ,:51 !re=e1 pa9t+ arose mature 9 ! #af? c5tury1 ar*itecture 0 necess>ily crumbl+4 ,b to ,rusk9 ! #af? c5tury1 be+ ! c5tury ( bad ar*itecture1 is hopelessly immoral1 & be+ immoral1 its pa9t+1 ,raphael1 ,mi*el ,angelo1 ,correggio1 all except a few privileg$ ,v5etians1 mu/ ne$s be swept away z s mu* rubbi%2 :ile ! v imp]fect pa9t+ ( ! ,giottesques1 because x belongs to a "t ^: morality mu/ be high s9ce its ar*itecture is good1 is consid]$ z ! ideal ( pictorial art4 ,aga91 ,rusk9 p]ceives t ! :ole pla/ic art ( ! #ah? c5tury1 ar*itecture1 sculpture1 & pa9t+1 are z bad z bad c be2 ! cause mu/ necess>ily be f\nd n 9 ! inevitable decl9e ( all pla/ic art s9ce ! ,r5aissance1 b 9 ! fi5di% wick$ness ( ! #ah? c5tury1 t abom9able age :i* fir/ taught m5 ! mean+ ( ju/ice z di/+ui%$ f m]cy1 ( humanity z di/+ui%$ f *>ity3 :i* fir/ taught u n to %r9k f evil b to combat x4 ,& ?us1 because ! #ah? c5tury is prov$ by its smirk+ furbel[$ goddesses & h&k]*ief-cravatt$ urns to be utt]ly1 morally1 abom9able1 ! "o great art :i* fl\ri%$ 9 ?is p]iod1 ! glori\s music ( ,ba*1 & ,gluck1 & ,m>cello1 & ,moz>t1 mu/ necess>ily be sil5tly c>t$ (f to ! du/ heap ( arti/ic bas5ess4 ,?us ! radical falsehood ( ! e?ical sy/em ( /hetics w>ps ! :ole ( ,rusk9's view ( ! g5ius & evolution ( art1 ( its relations ) national morality & political supremacy4 ,b x does m ?an ?is4 ,x w>ps also ,rusk9's view ( art itself2 its sophisms =ce him to contradict1 to /ifle 8 own arti/ic in/9cts4 ,= if1 z ,rusk9 has e/abli%$1 we are n p]mitt$ to love ! beautiful = its own sake1 b only because x is suppos$ to repres5t a c]ta9 moral excell5ce1 t moral excell5ce mu/ be ! sole valuable portion1 & equally arti/ically valuable :5 sep>at$ f ! beautiful2 :ile ! beautiful mu/ 9 itself be wor?less1 & consequ5tly dang]\s4 ,! absolutely ugly mu/1 if x awak5 virtu\s emotion1 h a great] arti/ic value ?an ! beautiful if x awak5 none2 ! mac]at$ h]mits1 ! lep]s & cripples ( ! middle ages mu/ be arti/ically pref]able to ! heal?y & beautiful a?letes ( antiquity2 compassion = ! physically horrible is m virtu\s ?an ! desire = ! physically beautiful1 !re=e ,rusk9 w\ld replace ! "o by ! o!r2 =gett+1 ev5 z ! middle ages =got1 t ! beautiful1 ! heal?y1 are ! be/ & happie/ = all ( u2 t we are giv5 sympa?y ) ! physically evil only t we may endure its contact long en\gh to trans=m x into ! physically good3 t we compassionate disease only t we may cure x4 ,?us ?is sophi/icat$ s5se ( duty1 :i*1 appli$ to arti/ic int]e/s :]e x has no place1 has m]ely caus$ inju/ice ( all sorts1 & falsehood & unceas+ contradiction3 :i* has condemn$ ! arti/ically pure = its juxta-position ) ! morally impure3 :i* has pref]r$ ! inf]ior 9 art because x answ]$ to ! def9ition ( ! sup]ior 9 morals3 :i* has plac$ ,giotto above ,mi*el ,angelo because ! second c\ld pa9t & ! fir/ only imag9e3 :i* has condemn$ ,greek art z long z x seem$ beautiful & acquitt$ x :5 x appe>$ ugly3 :i* has legitimat$ col\r art ) "o v]se ( ! bible & ana!matis$ l9e> art ) ano!r3 :i* has s (t5 reject$ ! excell5t 9 art because x want$ ! excell5t 9 conduct3 :i* has come to ! po9t ( pref]r+ t disease & putrefaction :i*1 9 ! physical _w1 are equival5t to s9 & corruption 9 ! moral--?is sophi/icat$ s5se ( morality1 orig9ally int5d$ to sanction all t :i* 9 art is sanction$ by its m]e innoc5ce & delightfulness1 has at l5g? de/roy$ ! v arti/ic sy/em :i* x 0 to su/a94 ,= ! div9e elem5ts ( ju/ice1 & m]cy1 & hon\r1 _c be wa/$ 9 ?is _w2 entrapp$ & imprison$ 9 ord] to consecrate by _! pres5ce ! already holy1 r5d]$ /]ile & useless among ^? arti/ic ?+s ) :i* !y h no conc]n1 !y h at la/ s\ght = _! field ( action1 = _! legitimate objects1 & h bur/ =?1 %att]+ ! :ole edifice ( art philosophy 9 :i* !y 7 enclos$1 m]e useless talismans4 ,& x has come home to ,rusk91 once & aga91 t ?is virtue ?us exp5d$ ^u cornices & l9tels1 ^u l9es & col\rs1 :ile evil rag$ outside1 is no virtue3 t ?is sanctifi$ art is n holy2 t1 direct our int5tions z we may1 ?9k ( ,god z mu* z we l1 we _c make art "o :it ! less passive & egoti/ic2 x has come home to him1 & ) ! noble c&\r ( d\bt :i* is 8 logical weakness & 8 moral /r5g?1 he has confess$ t he _h nev] kn[n "o man really & exclusively devot$ to m]e moral good1 :o c>$ = art at all4 ,! elaborate sy/em ( e?ical /hetics1 ! +5i\sly f>-fet*$ explanations ( physical beauty by moral excell5ce1 ! triumphant decision t art is ! k+dom ( ,god1 has1 aft] all & at la/1 fail$ to r$eem ! beautiful 9 ! eyes ( ,rusk94 ,he has se5 a ragg$ creature die ( />vation on a dung heap2 & all ! ca!drals ( ,*ri/5dom1 all ! respl5d5t ,turn]s & sa9tly ,giottos 9 ! _w h seem$ to him black & hide\s4 ,he has argu$ & /orm$1 & pat*$ up once m 8 tatt]$ !ories1 & talk$ m ?an ev] ( beauty be+ virtue1 & its appreciation religion1 & ,god be+ 9 all fair ?+s2 b all ?is latt] talk has be5 va92 into ! mid/ ( art discussions h = ev] crept d\bts :e!r art %\ld be at all4 ,! placid p>adise ( art1 ^: e fl[] & grass blade is a g5]\s ?\ght1 ^: e fruit is a noble action1 :]e e bubbl+ ( wat]s & e bird's song is a hymn to ! goodness ( ,god1 has become suspici\s to its own creator n[ t he realises by :at x is surr\nd$2 to live 9 ?is sweet & noble impossible p>adise1 :]e beauty is ! m]e visible expression ( virtue1 :ile ! f\l _w-swamp is /eal?ily be+ eat5 into1 wa%$ away1 absorb$ by ! surr\nd+ flood ( hell3 is ?is n a s91 ?is quiet dwell+ 9 hol9ess1 & a worse s9 ?an any be+ committ$ 9 ! d>kness & jo/le bel[8 ,9 ?is way has ,rusk91 "o ( ! greate/ ?9k]s on art & on e?ics1 made morality /]ile & art base 9 8 desire to sanctify ! "o by ! o!r4 ,/]ile & base1 inde$1 only !oretically3 = ! in/9ct ( ! arti/ & ( ! morali/ has ev] brok5 out 9 noble self-contradiction1 9 beautiful irrelevancies2 9 ^? wond]ful1 almo/ prophetic passages :i* seem to make our s\ls m ke5 t[>ds beauty & m h>dy = good4 ,b all ?is is incid5tal1 ?is :i* is 9 reality ,rusk9's great & useful "w4 ,he has made art m beautiful & m5 bett] )\t kn[+ x--accid5tally1 )\t prem$itation1 9 words :i* are l ! et]nal tru?s1 gr& & exquisite1 :i* lie fragm5t>y & emb$d$ 9 e sy/em ( !ology2 ! complete & sy/ematic is wor?less & ev5 dang]\s1 = x is false2 ! irrelevant1 ! contradictory1 is preci\s1 because x is true to our bett] "p4 ,rusk9 has lov$ art in/9ctively1 f]v5tly1 = its own sake2 b he has con/antly fe>$ le/ ?is love %\ld be s9ful or at lea/ base4 ,l ,augu/9e1 he dreads t ! ,devil maybe lurk+ 9 ! beautiful sun%9e2 le/ evil be hidd5 9 ^? beautiful %apes :i* di/ract 8 ?\ghts f high] subjects ( good & ,god2 he trembles le/ ! beautiful %\ld tr\ble 8 s5ses & 8 fancy1 & make him =get 8 promises to ! ,almighty4 ,he p]ceives t pleasure 9 art is m or less s5su\s & selfi%2 he is afraid le/ "s day he be call$ ^u to acc\nt = ! mom5ts he has n giv5 to o!rs1 & be *a/is$ = hav+ p]mitt$ 8 m9d to foll[ ! guidance ( 8 s5ses2 he trembles & repeats ! praise ( ,god1 ! ana!ma ( pride1 he mumbles confus$ words ab\t corrupt e>?--& s9ful man1--ev5 :ile look+ at 8 works ( art1 z "s an*orite ( old may in/9ctively h pass$ 8 f+]s across 8 beads & /amm]$ out an ,ave :5 "s sight ( beauty cross$ 8 pa? & made 8 he>t leap ) unwont$ pleasure4 ,rusk9 mu/ tranquillize 8 consci5ce ab\t art2 he mu/ p]suade himself t he is ju/ifi$ 9 employ+ 8 ?\ghts ab\t x2 & le/ x be a sn>e ( ! demon1 he mu/ make x a s]vice ( ,god4 ,he mu/ p]suade himself t all ! pleasure he d]ives f art is ! pleasure 9 obey+ ,god1 9 p]ceiv+ 8 goodness3 t ! pleasure he d]ives f a fl[] is pleasure n 9 its curves & col\rs & sc5t1 b 9 its adaptation to its "w1 9 its enjoym5t ( exi/5ce2 t ! enjoym5t he d]ives f a gr& view is enjoym5t ( ! k9dness ( ,god1 & ! enjoym5t 9 ! sight ( a noble face is enjoym5t ( ! expression ( h>mony ) ,god's w2 9 %ort1 all arti/ic pleasure mu/ become an act ( adoration1 o!rwise1 a jeal\s ,god1 or a jeal\s consci5ce1 w smite him = ab&on+ ! true alt> = "s gold5 calf fa%ion$ by man & inhabit$ by ,satan4 ,& to ?is con/ant moralis+1 hall[+1 nay1 purify+ ( art1 are due1 z we h se51 ! great] numb] ( ,rusk9's errors2 8 sy/em is false1 & only evil c spr+ f x2 x is a pret5ce at a p]fection :i* does n exi/1 & :i*1 l ! pret5ce at ! sup]human virtue ( ! an*orite & my/ic1 mu/ end 9 lam5table folly3 9 mak+ m5 lie to _! own he>t because !y h s\ght to clo! all t is really pure 9 a false g>b ( sanctity & h blu%$ at its nak$ reality2 because x makes a return to nature a return to s91 s9ce :at is natural has be5 =bidd5 & :at is innoc5t has be5 crook$ly obta9$2 because x tries to make u ?9k we are no?+ b s\l1 & !re=e turns u to brutes :5 we rememb] t we are also body1 & devils :5 we p]ceive t we are also reason4 ,because1 9 %ort1 x is a lie1 & only falsehood c be born ( x4 ,=1 9 8 con/ant ref]5ce to a spiritual mean+1 ,rusk9 has n only wa/$ & /]ilis$ our moral impulses1 b has r$uc$ art to m]e f\lness2 9 8 con/ant sanctify+ ( beauty he makes x appe> impure4 ,above all1 9 8 unceas+ attempt to atta* a moral mean+ to physical beauty1 he has lo/ sight (1 he has d5i$1 ! great tru? t all t :i* is innoc5t is moral2 t ! morality ( art is an indep5d5t quality equival5t to1 b sep>ate f1 ! morality ( action2 t beauty is ! morality ( ! physical1 z morality is ! beauty ( ! spiritual2 t z ! moral s5se hall[s ! o!rwise egoti/ic relations ( man to man1 s also ! /hetic s5se hall[s ! o!rwise bruti% relations ( man to matt]2 t sep>ately b 9 h>mony1 equally b diff]5tly1 ^! two faculties make our lives pure & noble4 ,all ?is ,rusk9 has =gott53 he has made ! enjoym5t ( m]e beauty a base pleasure1 requir+ a moral object to purify x1 & 9 s do+ he has de/roy$ its own purify+ p[]2 he has sanctifi$ ! already holy1 & defil$ ) holy wat]1 :i* implies f\lness1 ! dwell+ ( hol9ess4 ,?is is ! lesson to be d]iv$ f ! attempt at noble self-delusion :i* ,rusk9 has practis$ ^u himself4 ,!re is n 9 ! _w t h>mony & p]fection1 nay1 t analogy ( good to good & evil to evil = :i* our high] nature seeks4 ,z we h said1 !re is contradiction & anomaly3 anomaly ! mo/ horrible1 s9ce our logical s5se mu/ accept x1 & our moral s5se _c3 anomaly ( good spr++ f evil1 & evil f good1 ( pollution ( ! noble & hall[+ ( ! f\l by ! =ce ( inevitable sequ5ce4 ,!re is also isolation ( "o sort ( good f ! o!r1 & cla%+ ( _! int]e/s4 ,all ?is !re is1 & aga9/ x all our moral s5se mu/ = ev] prote/1 & aga9/ x1 :e!r free 9 our endeav\r or m]ely pu%$ on by ! univ]sal necessity1 we mu/ /ruggle4 ,we mu/ seek = ev] to resolve ! discord betwe5 good & good1 to dis5tangle ! me%es ( good & evil1 to de/roy ! dreadful anomaly ( ?+s4 ,b we c d s1 h[ev] p>tially1 we c really wi% to d s1 only if we h ! c\rage to see t ! lam5table discord & ! horrible tangle d exi/3 only if we d n %r9k f ! battlefield ( reality into an en]vat+ ,capua ( moral idealism4 ,& ?us we %\ld admit t only morality is really moral1 & only virtue really virtu\s2 t physical beauty intr9sically possesses b an /hetic value q sep>ate f all moral value2 t above x mu/ always rema9 a m g5]\s _w ( feel+ & endeav\r4 ,if we d n %r9k f ?is pa9ful tru? we %all see t physical beauty & its egoti/ic enjoym5t h yet a moral value ( _! own3 ! value ( be+1 9 ! lives ( o!rs1 absolute pleasure1 ! giv+ ( :i* is positive good4 ,= 9 ?is _w all is n complet$ :5 we h de/roy$ evil2 x mu/ be replac$ by good4 ,we mu/ all ( u "w1 b we mu/ "w 9 diff]5t ways4 ,"o half ( u are ! de/roy]s ( evil1 ! wre/l]s ) all t is wrong 9 itself or begets wrong1 falsehood1 inju/ice1 disease1 mis]y2 s5t to extirpate ! bad1 labori\sly to we$ x out blade by blade1 or boldly to pl\gh & burn x up by ! %eaf1 ! field1 ! acre4 ,b :5 ?is half ( active mank9d has done its "w1 :at w\ld rema98 ,a m]e joyless des]t ( pa9less vacuity2 & ! o!r half ( ! work]s mu/ come & s[ & plant absolute good1 positive joy 9 ?is r$eem$ life soil2 nay1 ev5 :ile ! "w ( de/ruction is f> f complet$1 & mo/ ( all1 p]haps1 !n1 d we require t 9 ! v %ad[ ( ! yet deep-root$ evil1 ! little tufts ( good %\ld rise up1 & console & /r5g!n u ) _! sight & _! sc5t4 ,& ( all ^! k9ds ( egoti/ic good :i* we mu/ ne$s s[ :ile evil is be+ cle>$ away1 art is "o ( ! noble/ & mo/ necess>y2 & woe betide ^? :o1 hav+ ! p[] ( creat+ beauty1 w\ld leave _! allott$ "w & jo9 ! de/roy]s ( falsehood & ( evil4 ,! am\nt ( absolute good 9 ! _w is comp>atively small1 & we mu/ seek to increase x = ev]2 b increas$ x _c be except by ! full employm5t ( our activities1 & our activities c be fully employ$ only 9 _! own prop] sph]e4 ,9 e arti/ !re is a man1 & ! moral p]fection ( ! man is m important ?an ! arti/ic p]fection ( ! arti/2 b1 9 z f> z ! arti/ is an arti/1 he mu/ be satisfi$ to d well 9 8 art4 ,=1 ?\gh art has no moral mean+1 x has a moral value2 art is happ9ess1 & to be/[ happ9ess is to create good4 ,a ,,dialogue ,,on ,,poetic ,,morality4 ,god s5t a poet to re=m ,8 e>?4--,a4 ,,m>y ,f4 ,,rob9son4 ,& mean:ile1 :at h y writt58 ask$ ,baldw91 tickl+ ! flies ) 8 :ip f (f ! horse's head1 z !y sl[ly asc5d$1 9 ! autumn aft]noon1 ! hill ( ,montetramito1 :i* ) its ilex & myrtle-gr[n black rocks1 & its crumbl+ m\nds1 :]e ! bright gre5 spruce p9e cl+s to ! wa%$-away sc>let s&1 sep>ates ! gre5 & f]tile pla9 ( ,lucca f ! m>%es ( ! ,pisan sea-%ore4 ,! two fri5ds _h met only an h\r or s be=e at ! foot ( ! ,ap5n9e pass1 & w\ld "p 9 n mu* m aga94 ,& :at h y writt58 repeat$ ,baldw94 ,no?+1 answ]$ ! y\ng] man1 dre>ily1 lean+ back languidly 9 ! rickety little c>riage4 ,no?+1 or r too mu*2 ,i don't "k :i*4 ,is tra% too mu* or too little8 ,anyh[1 !re's none ( x rema9+4 ,i ?ru/ all my manuscripts into my /ove at ,dresd51 & ! *imney took fire 9 consequ5ce4 ,t's ! tragic hi/ory ( all my poetical lab\rs ( ! la/ two ye>s4 ,& ,cyril1 ly+ back 9 ! c>riage ) 8 arms fold$ b5ea? 8 head1 smil$ half-sadly1 half :imsically 9 ! face ( 8 fri5d4 ,b ,baldw9 did n laugh4 ,cyril1 he answ]$1 d y rememb] on a bir?day ( y\rs--y 7 a t9y boy1 br\ght up l a girl1 ) curls & beautiful h&s--"o ( y\r si/]s d>$ y to ?r[ y\r pres5ts into ! g>d5 well1 & y did x1 be=e a numb] ( admir+ little girls3 y felt q a h]o or a little sa9t1 didn't y8 ,& !n my little h]o 0 sudd5ly coll>$ by a big boy fre% f s*ool1 :o 0 8 fri5d ,baldw91 & :o pull$ 8 e>s s\ndly & told him to respect p's pres5ts a little m4 ,d y rememb] t8 ,well2 ,i n[ see t1 ) all y\r gr[+ up1 & writ+1 & philosophis+1 & talk+ ab\t duty & self-sacrifice1 y are j ! self-same womani% & uncontroll$ poseur1 ! same romantic braggadoccio t y 7 at sev54 ,i h no pati5ce ) y6 ,& ,baldw9 :isk$ ! :ip angrily at ! flies4 ,m]e conceit3 effem9ate h]oics aga96 he w5t on4 ,oh no1 we mu/ d ! v be/6 ,be ,%akespe>e at lea/6 ,any?+ %ort ( t w\ld be d]ogatory to our k+ly nature6 no idea ( select+ ! good 7because 9 :atev] y d !re mu/ be tal5t71 & try+ to develop x2 no idea ( do+ ! be/ ) :at gifts y h6 ,= y are n go+ to tell me t two ye>s ( y\r "w 0 m]e rubbi%--conta9$ no?+ ( value4 ,b1 9 po9t ( fact1 y don't c>e suffici5tly = y\r art to be satisfi$ to be ! mo/ y c2 'tis m]e vanity ) y4 ,cyril became v r$1 b did n int]rupt4 ,i am sorry y ?9k s ill ( me1 he said sadly1 & ,i d>e say ,i h giv5 y good cause4 ,i d>e say ,i am all ! ?+s y say--va91 & womani%1 & insol5tly dissatisfi$ ) myself1 & idiotically h]oic4 ,b n 9 ?is case1 ,i assure y4 ,i w expla9 :y ,i ?\ght x "r to d t4 ,y see ,i "k myself v well n[4 ,i "k my dang]s2 ,i am n l y--,i am easily sway$4 ,_h ^? poems rema9$ 9 exi/5ce1 _h ,i tak5 !m to ,engl&1 ,i am sure ,i %\ld n h resi/$ ! temptation ( %[+ !m to my old enc\rag]s1 ( publi%+ !m probably2 & !n1 aft] ! success ( my o!r book1 & all _! gr& prophecies1 ! critics w\ld h _h to praise up ?is "o too2 & ,i %\ld h be5 drift$ back aga9 into be+ a poet4 ,n[1 z ,i wrote y sev]al times--only1 ( c\rse1 y ?\ght x all humbug & affectation--su* a poet z ,i c\ld be ,i am det]m9$ ,i w n be4 ,x 0 an act ( self-def5ce--def5ce ( :atev] ( good !re may be 9 me4 ,baldw9 groan$4 ,def5ce ( fiddle/icks6 ,def5ce ( y\r vanity6 ,i don't ?9k s1 repli$ ,cyril1 & ,i don't ?9k y und]/& me at all 9 ?is in/ance4 ,!re 0 no vanity 9 ?is matt]4 ,y "k t s9ce "s "t ,i h be5 ask+ myself :at moral "r a man has to consume 8 life writ+ v]ses1 :5 !re is s mu* evil to remove1 & e drop ( ?\ght or feel+ we h is ne$$ to make ! great riv] :i* is to wa% out ?is ,augean /able ( a _w4 ,i tri$ to put ! d\bt beh9d me1 & to believe 9 ,art = ,art's own sake1 & su* bo%4 ,b ! d\bt prick$ me4 ,& :5 sudd5ly my uncle left me all he _h1 ,i felt ,i mu/ decide4 ,z long z ,i 0 a m]e p5niless creature ,i might write poetry1 because !re seem$ no?+ else = me to d4 ,b n[ x is diff]5t4 ,?is money & ! p[] x gives are m9e only z long z ,i live2 aft] my dea? !y may g to "s blackgu>d2 s1 :ile ,i h !m1 ,i mu/ give all my en]gies to do+ ) !m all ! good t ,i possibly c4 ,9 t case bett] give !m ov] to p :o "k be/ :at to d ) !m--societies or hospitals1 or t sort ( ?+--& write y\r v]ses z be=e4 ,= ,i don't ?9k y\r ?\ghts w add mu* to ! value ( y\r money1 ,cyril4 ,y've n a bit ( practical head4 ,( c\rse y may1 if y *oose1 look on idly :ile o!r p are us+ y\r money4 ,b ,i don't ?9k x is specially wor? do+4 ,cyril sigh$1 hesitat$1 & !n bur/ out rapidly-- ,b x is ! only ?+ ,i c d--d y und]/&8 ,i c't write poetry any m4 ,p]haps t may be ! only ?+ = :i* ,i 0 ev] fit1 b ,i am fit = x no long]4 ,i _c d :at ,i h got to despise & dete/4 ,= ,i d despise & dete/ ! sort ( poetry :i* ,i %\ld write--m]e ornam5tal uselessness1 s mu* tape/ry "w or inlaid uphol/]y4 ,y believe 9 ,art = ,art's own sake--,goe?ianism--t sort ( ?+1 ,i "k4 ,x is all v well = y1 :o h an active practical life ) y\r ,m>emma dra9+s & m9e digg+s1 a life 9 :i* art1 beauty1 s =?1 h only _! due %>e1 z repose & refre%m5t4 ,x 0 all v well 9 =m] days also1 :5 ! p = :om arti/s work$ _h a deal ( /ruggle & mis]y1 & requir$ "s pure pleasure to make life endurable2 b n[-a-days1 & ) ! p = :om ,i %\ld write1 ?+s are diff]5t4 ,:at is want$ n[-a-days is n art1 b life4 ,by :om d y ?9k1 w\ld all ! beautiful useful ?+s ,i c\ld write1 all ! fiddle-faddle ab\t trees & /reams & /atues & love & aspiration 7f9e aspiration1 :i* nev] takes a practical %ape67 be read8 ,by wret*$ ov]work$ creatures1 into ^: life !y might br+ a mom5t ( sweetness1 l a spray ( apple blossom or a bun* ( sweet-peas into "s black g>ret8 ,no?+ ( ! k9d4 ,!y w\ld be read by a lot ( intellectual ,syb>ites1 %utt+ !mselves out1 ) _! abom9able arti/ic religion1 f all crude real life2 !y w\ld be m]ely s mu* m ho?\se sc5ts or exotic music 7con sord9o71 to make !m snooze _! lives away4 ,( c\rse x is some?+ to be a poet l ^? ( =m] days2 some?+ to be ,tasso1 & be read by t poor devil ( a fev]-/rick5 wat*mak] :om we met d[n 9 ! pla9 ( ,lucca2 b to be a poet = ! cultur$ _w ( to-day--oh1 ,i w\ld r be a ,fr5* cook1 & inv5t indige/ible di%es = epicures )\t any appetite rema9+ to !m4 ,s say+1 ,cyril jump$ out ( ! gig1 & ran up ! /eep la/ asc5t ( ! hill4 ,he _h p]suad$ himself ( 8 moral rightness & felt q happy4 ,sudd5ly ! road made a %>p b5d betwe5 ! ov]hang+ rocks1 gr[n 9 all _! fissures ) d>k ilex tufts & yell[ broom & pale p9k cyclam52 x turn$1 & wid5$ into a flat grass-gr[n place1 surr\nd$ by cypresses on ! top & ridge ( ! hill4 ,cyril ran to ! edge & gave a cry ( pleasure4 ,bel[ 0 /ret*$ a wide /rip ( ,m>emma swamp-l&1 mottl$ gre5 & br[n--gre5 :]e ! grass 0 "u wat]1 br[n :]e x 0 burn$ into c9d]s by ! sun2 ) "h & !re a pat* ( %9+ pond or canal2 & at ! extremity ( ?is1 di/+ui%able f ! greyi% amb] sky only by its sup]ior & int5se lum9\sness1 ! sea--n blue nor gre51 b grey1 silv]y1 /eel-l1 z a mirror 9 ! full sun%9e4 ,baldw9 /opp$ ! gig b5ea? ! cypresses4 ,look !re1 he said1 po9t+ ) 8 :ip to a d>k gre5i% b&1 sc>cely visible1 :i* sep>at$ ! l& f ! sea3 ^? are ! p9e woods ( ,vi>eggio4 ,x 0 into _! s& & we$s t ! sea wa%$ ,%elley's body4 ,d y ?9k we %\ld be any ! bett] (f if he _h tak5 to practical "w :i* he c\ld n d1 & decl>$ t poetry 0 a sort ( ,fr5* cook]y8 ,baldw9 ti$ ! re9s to ! /em ( a cypress1 & ?rew himself d[n on ! w>m s]e grass on ! br[ ( ! hill1 ov]look+ ! tangle ( olive & v9e & fig-trees ( ! slopes bel[4 ,9 ,%elley's "t1 answ]$ ,cyril1 lean+ 8 head & %\ld]s aga9/ "o ( ! cypresses1 & look+ up into its d>k bran*es1 compact 9 ! c5tre1 b delicate l fea!r & sp>kl+ l jet :]e _! extremities /ood out aga9/ ! pale blue sky--9 ,%elley's "t1 ?+s 7 r diff]5t f :at !y are n[4 ,!re 0 a religion ( progress to prea* & be /on$ =2 !re 0 a cause ( lib]ty to fight =--!re 7 ,b\rbons & ,"l ,eldons1 & !re 0 ,greece & ,spa9 & ,italy4 ,!re 0 ,italy /ill :5 ,mrs4 ,br[n+ wrote3 _h %e look$ out ( ,casa ,guidi w9d[s n[1 on to ! hum-drum1 %\ld]-%rugg+1 p5ny-haggl+1 pr(essorial1 municipal-c\ncillori% ,italy ( to-day %e c\ld sc>cely h felt 9 ! ve94 ,! h]oic has be5 done-- ,!re is ,s]via & ,mont5egro1 & !re are ,nihili/s & ,democrats1 answ]$ ,baldw94 ,i "k--b we c't s+ ab\t b>b>\s ruffians1 nor ab\t half-besott51 half-knavi% regicides2 we c't be ,democrats n[-a-days--at lea/ ,i c't4 ,w\ld y h a man s+ p>liam5t>y debates1 or ,high ,*ur* squabbles1 or ,dise/abli%m5t1 or ,woman's rights1 or anti-communism8 s+ ! sup]b conque/s ( man ov] nature1 c41 l y\r ,italian fri5ds1 y\r /eam-eng9e & mammo? poet ,zanella8 ,! wond]s ( sci5ce6--six or sev5 ?\s& dogs & cats be+ flay$1 roa/$1 bak$1 disemb[ell$1 artificially ulc]at$1 galvaniz$ on ripp$-up n]ves1 at ,gov]nm5t exp5se1 9 all ! laboratories ( ,*ri/5dom1 9 ord] to discov] ! s\l-secret+ app>atus1 & h[ to cure old maids ( liv] compla9t6 ,?ank y4 ,my muse aspires n !reunto4 ,:at !n8 ,progress8 ,b x is assur$4 ,:y1 man1 we c't ev5 s+ ( despair1 l ! good p ( ! ye> '#bj1 s9ce we all "k t 7bat+ a few myriads ( suff]]s & a few c5turies ( agony7 all is go+ to come q "r1 to be q com=table 9 ?is be/ ( all possible worlds4 ,:at !n rema9s1 aga98 ,look ar\nd y4 ,!re rema9s ! poetry ( beauty--oh yes1 ( pure beauty1 to mat* ! newe/ arti/ic *9tzes2 ! poetry ( arti/ic nirvana1 ( ! blissful sleep ( all manl9ess & en]gy1 to ! fa9t s\nd 7he>d ?r\gh dreams7 ( p>adisiac my/icism sung to gold5 lutes1 or ( imag9>y amor\s hy/]ics1 or ( symphonies 9 allit]ation4 ,& ?is :5 !re is s mu* error1 s mu* d\bt1 s mu* suff]+1 :5 all our =ces are requir$ to pu% away a corn] ( ! load ( evil /ill weigh+ on ! _w3 ?is sort ( ?+ ,i _c take to4 ,& ,cyril fi]cely pluck$ out a tuft ( lilac-fl[]$ ?yme1 & ?rew x into ! precipice bel[1 z if x _h be5 ! poetry ( :i* he 0 speak+4 ,d y "k1 ,baldw91 w5t on ,cyril1 y h de/roy$ successively all my gods2 y h %[n me t my ,holy ,grails1 9 ^: s]vice1 "o aft] ano!r ,i felt happy & peaceful to live1 l ano!r ,p>zival1 or ,galahaso1 are n ! sacr$ life-giv+ cup br\ght d[n by angels1 b m]e ord9>y vessels ( brittle e>? or /9k+ pewt]1 m]e m or less useful1 b by no means holy ?+s2 ord9>y pots & pans1 b>b]'s bas9s l ,mambr9o's helmet1 or blue *9a teapots 7wor/ degradation ( all7 l ! ,cimabue-,br[ns'4 ,i believ$ 9 ! religion ( ,nature1 & y %[$ me t ,nature 0 sometimes good & sometimes bad2 t %e produc$ ! v f\lness1 physical & moral1 :i* %e h]self *a/is$ m5 =2 y %[$ me :ole races de/9$ inevitably to moral p]v]sion1 & !n puni%$ = x4 ,s ,i gave up ,nature4 ,!n ,i took up ! fa%ionable religion ( ,sci5ce1 & y %[$ me t x 0 ! religion ( a sort ( ,molo*1 s9ce x accu/om$ u to acquiesce 9 all ! evil :i* is "p & p>cel ( ,nature1 s9ce x made u passive inve/igators into wrong :5 we ought to be judges4 ,aft] ! positive1 ,i ?rew myself into ! my/ic--into ! religion ( all mann] ( my/]i\s connections & r$emptions2 y %[$ me t ! connections did n exi/1 & t all attempt$ sanctification ( ?+s ?r\gh my/icism 0 an abom9ation1 s9ce x c\ld n alt] evil1 & taught u to ?9k x might be good4 ,o my poor ,holy ,grails6 ,!n ,i took up ! religion ( love2 & y proce$$ to exp\nd to me t if love 0 re/rict$ to a few wor?y individuals1 x meant neglect ( ! _w at l>ge2 & t if x meant love ( ! _w at l>ge1 x meant love ( a great _m utt]ly unwor?y & bea/ly p4 ,y depriv$ me ( humanit>ianism1 ( positivism1 ( my/icism2 & !n y did n ev5 let me re/ peaceably 9 pessimism1 tell+ me t to say t all 0 = ! wor/ 0 z unju/ z to say t all 0 = ! be/4 ,) a few ( y\r curt s5t5ces y %[$ me t all ^! religions ( m9e 7 m]e idolatries1 & t to re/ 9 !m = ! sake ( peace 0 to be utt]ly base4 ,y left me no?+ b a vague religion ( duty1 ( good2 b y gave me no means ( see+ :]e my duty lay1 ( di/+ui%+ good f evil4 ,y are a v useful root] up ( error1 ,baldw92 b y leave "o's s\l z dry & b>r5 & useless z sea %+le4 ,y h tak5 away all ! falsehoods f my life1 b y h n replac$ !m by tru?s4 ,baldw9 li/5$ quietly4 ,w\ld y l to h ! falsehoods back1 ,cyril8 he ask$4 ,w\ld y n[ l to be ! holy knight1 ador+ & def5d+ ! pewt] bas9 or blue *9a teapot ( humanit>ianism1 or positivism1 or my/icism1 or /heticism8 ,& :at becomes ( ! only religion :i* ,i told y 0 ! true "o--! religion ( good1 ( "r8 ,d y ?9k x wor?less n[8 ,i ?9k x is ! religion ( ! ,unkn[n ,god4 ,:]e %all ,i f9d ,him8 ,9 y\rself1 if y w look1 ,cyril4 ,cyril 0 sil5t = a mom5t4 ,:at is "r8 he said4 ,9 ! ab/ract--7oh1 & x is s easy to f9d out 9 ! ab/ract1 comp>$ to ! concrete67--9 ! ab/ract1 "r is to improve ?+s 9 ! _w1 to make x bett] = man & bea/2 nev] to /eal ju/ice1 & always to give m]cy2 to d all we c :i* c increase happ9ess1 & refra9 f do+ all :i* c dim9i% x4 ,t is ! only def9ition ,i c see4 ,b h[ vague6--& :o is to tell me :at ,i am to d8 ,& :5 ,i see a fa9t glimm] ( c]ta9ty1 :5 ,i p]ceive :at seems to me ! "r :i* ,i mu/ d1 :o aga9 int]f]es8 ,my fri5d ,baldw91 :o1 aft] prea*+ to me t ! only true religion is ! religion ( dim9i%+ evil & increas+ good = ! sake ( s do+1 coolly writes to me1 9 half-a-doz5 lett]s1 t ! sole duty ( ! arti/ is to produce good art1 & t good art is art :i* has no aim beyond its own p]fection4 ,:y1 x is a return to my old /hetic feti% wor%ip1 :5 ,i ?\ght ab/ract ideas ( beauty w\ld set ! _w "r1 z ,amphion's h>p set ! /ones build+ !mselves4444 ,am ,i ju/ifi$ 9 say+ t y m]ely upset my beliefs1 )\t help+ me to build up any2 yes1 ev5 :5 ,i am /riv+ aft] t religion ( "r do+ :i* y nom9ally call y\rs--8 ,y always ru% to extremes1 ,cyril4 ,if y w\ld li/5 to1 or read1 my words )\t lett+ y\r m9d :irl (f :ile s do+-- ,i li/5 to y f> too mu*1 ,baldw91 int]rupt$ ,cyril1 :o w\ld n break ! ?read ( 8 own ideas2 & fir/ ,i want to read y a sonnet4 ,baldw9 bur/ out laugh+4 ,a sonnet6 "o ( ^? burnt at ,dresd5--or writt5 9 commemoration ( y\r decision to write no m8 ,x is n by me at all1 s !re's an end to y\r amusem5t4 ,i want y to he> x because x embodies1 & v nobly1 :at ,i h felt4 ,i h nev] ev5 se5 ! au?or1 & "k no?+ ab\t h] except t %e is a woman4 ,a woman6 & ,baldw9's tone 0 disagreeably expressive4 ,i "k y don't believe 9 wom5 poets or wom5 arti/s4 ,n mu*1 s f>1 except+ ,sappho & ,mrs4 ,br[n+1 c]ta9ly4 ,b1 come1 let's he> ! sonnet4 ,i d abom9ate wom5's v]ses1 ,i confess2 b !re are su* multitudes ( poetesses t ,nature may sometimes blund] 9 _! production1 & make "o ( !m ( ! /uff int5d$ = a poet4 ,well !n1 li/51 & ,cyril drew a notebook f 8 pocket1 & read z foll[s3-- ,god s5t a poet to re=m ,8 e>? ,b :5 he came & f\nd x cold & poor ,h>% & unlovely1 :]e ea* prosp]\s boor ,held poets light = all _! heav5ly bir?1 ,he ?\ght--,myself c make "o bett] wor? ,! liv+ 9 ?an ?is--full ( old lore1 ,music & light & love1 :]e sa9ts adore ,& angels1 all )9 m9e own s\l's gir?4 ,b :5 at la/ he came to die1 8 s\l ,saw ,e>? 7fly+ pa/ to ,heav57 ) new love1 ,& all ! unus$ passion 9 him cri$3 ',o ,god1 y\r ,heav5 ,i "k & we>y (1 ,give me ?is _w to "w 9 & make :ole4' ,god spoke3 ',!re91 fool1 ?\ ha/ liv$ & di$4' ,cyril paus$ = a mom5t4 ,d y und]/&1 ,baldw91 h[ t expresses my /ate ( feel+8 he !n ask$4 ,i d1 answ]$ ! o!r1 & ,i und]/& t bo? y & ! au?or ( ! sonnet seem n to h und]/ood 9 :at mann] ,god int5d$ t poets %\ld improve ! e>?4 ,& "h ,i return to my =m] rem>k1 t :5 ,i said t ! only true religion 0 ! religion n ( nature1 nor ( mank9d1 nor ( sci5ce1 nor ( art1 b ! religion ( good1 & t ! creation ( p]fect beauty is ! highe/ aim ( ! arti/1 ,i 0 n contradict+ myself1 b m]ely /at+ two p>ts--a g5]al & a p>ticul>--( ! same proposition4 ,i don't "k :at y\r def9ition ( "r liv+ may be2 m9e1 ! m ,i ?9k ov] ! subject1 has come to be ?is3--! de/ruction ( ! greate/ possible am\nt ( evil & ! creation ( ! greate/ possible am\nt ( good 9 ! _w4 ,& ?is is possible only by ! greate/ am\nt ( ! be/ & mo/ complete activity1 & ! greate/ am\nt ( ! be/ activity is possible only :5 ev]y?+ is se5 9 its "r light1 9 ord] t ev]y?+ may be us$ 9 its "r place4 ,i h always prea*$ to y t life mu/ be activity2 b activity defeats itself if misappli$2 x becomes a m]e ,danaides' "w ( fill+ bottomless casks--p\r & p\r & p\r 9 z mu* z y w1 ! cask w always be empty4 ,n[1 9 ?is _w !re are two ?+s to be done1 & two di/9ct sets ( p to d !m3 ! "o "w is ! de/ruction ( evil1 ! o!r ! creation ( good4 ,m9d1 ,i say ! creation ( good1 = ,i consid] t to d good--t is to say1 to act rightly--is n necess>ily ! same z to create good4 ,e "o :o does 8 allott$ "w is do+ good2 b ! man :o t5ds ! sick1 or def5ds ! oppress$1 or discov]s new tru?s1 is n creat+ good1 b de/roy+ evil--de/roy+ evil 9 "o ( a hundr$ %apes1 z sickness1 or inju/ice1 or falsehood4 ,b he m]ely removes1 he does n give2 he leaves m5 z poor or z ri* z !y w\ld h be51 _h n disease1 or inju/ice1 or error /ol5 away "s ( _! life4 ,! man :o creates good is ! "o :o n m]ely removes pa91 b adds pleasure to our lives4 ,?r\gh him we are absolutely ! ri*]4 ,& ?is creator ( good1 z di/+ui%$ f de/roy] ( evil1 is1 above all o!r m51 ! arti/4 ,! sci5tific ?9k] may add pleasure to our lives1 b 9 reality ?is tru? ( 8 is valuable1 n = ! pleasure x gives1 b = ! pa9 x removes4 ,sci5ce is w>f>e2 we may consid] x z a k9d ( sport1 b 9 reality x is a hunt+ d[n ( ! mo/ dang]\s k9d ( wild animal--falsehood4 ,a great _m o!r ?+s may give pleasure to our lives--all our heal?y activities1 upp] or l[]1 mu/2 b ! l[] ones are already fully ex]cis$1 &1 if any?+1 require re/ra9t2 s t ,fr5* cooks & erotic poets ought r to be ext]m9at$ z productive ( evil ?an enc\rag$ z creative ( good4 ,& moral satisfaction & love give u ! be/ pleasures ( all2 b ^! are pleasures :i* are n due to any special class creat$ on purpose = _! production4 ,oh1 ,i don't say t any arti/ c give y ! pleasure y h 9 kn[+ y\rself to be act+ rightly1 or 9 sympa?iz+ & receiv+ sympa?y2 b ! arti/ is ! in/rum5t1 ! ma*9e con/ruct$ to produce ! only pleasures :i* c come ne> ^!4 ,e "o ( u c de/roy evil & create pleasure1 9 a sort ( incid5tal1 amateuri% way1 )9 our own imm$iate circle2 b z ! m5 ( ?\ght & ( action are ! pr(essional de/roy]s ( evil1 s ! arti/s are ! pr(essional creators ( good--!y "w n = ^? imm$iately ar\nd !m1 b = ! _w at l>ge4 ,s y\r arti/ is y\r typical pr(essional creator ( pleasure2 he is fitt$ out1 z o!r m5 are n1 to d ?is "w2 he is made ( inf9itely f9] /uff ?an o!r m51 n z a :ole man1 b z an arti/3 he has mu* m delicate he>+1 mu* ke5] sight1 mu* deft] f+]s1 mu* f>!r-rea*+ voice ?an o!r m52 he is specially prep>$ to receive & transmit impressions :i* w\ld be z wa/$ on o!r creatures1 z ! image 9 ! cam]a on unprep>$1 ord9>y pap]4 ,n[1 :at ,i ma9ta9 is simply ?is1 t if1 accord+ to my def9ition1 ! object ( de/roy+ z mu* evil & creat+ z mu* good c be atta9$ only by ! greate/ activity rightly appli$1 x is evid5t t a man end[$ to be an arti/--t is to say1 a creator ( good = ! :ole _w--is simply fail+ 9 8 duty by becom+ a practical work]2 t is to say1 an amateur de/roy] ( evil4 ,:at %all we say ( ?is arti/8 ,we %all say t1 9 ord] to indulge 9 ! moral luxury1 ! moral amusem5t1 ( remov+ an imp]ceptible am\nt ( pa91 he has defraud$ ! _w ( ! imm5se & long-la/+ pleasure plac$ 9 8 *>ge to give2 we %all say t1 9 ord] to feel himself a little virtu\s1 ?is man has simply act$ l a *eat & a ?ief4 ,baldw9 _h spok5 rapidly & e>ne/ly1 ) a sort ( uni=m or only gradually ris+ w>m?1 v diff]5t f ! hesitat+1 fluctuat+ sort ( passion ( 8 companion4 ,!re 0 a %ort sil5ce2 ,cyril 0 /ill seat$ "u ! tall1 /raight cypress1 ^: fall5 fruit1 l c>v$ balls ( wood1 /rew$ ! s]e grass1 & ^: compact hairy trunk gave out a res9\s sc5t1 m preci\s & /range ?an t ( ! fir3 he felt t he 0 mom5t>ily cru%$1 b _h a vague s5se t !re lurk$ some:]e reasons1 & v pot5t ones1 :i* prev5t$ 8 fri5d be+ completely victori\s2 & ,baldw9 0 pati5tly wait+ = him to mu/] 8 ideas into ord] be=e cont9u+ ! discussion4 ,a slight breeze f ! ov]-cl\d$ sea s5t a %iv] across ! olives into ! rav9e bel[1 turn+ _! fea!ry tops into a silv] ripple1 z ( a break+ wave2 ! la/ belat$ cicalas1 invisible 9 ! ?ick plumy bran*es ( ! cypresses1 saw$ sl[ly & languidly 9 ! languid late aft]noon2 & f ! f>ms hidd5 9 ! olive y>ds ( ! slope came fa9t s\nds ( call+ voices & b>k+ dogs--j s\nd en\gh to make ! /illness m complete4 ,all t is v true1 said ,cyril at la/1 & yet--,i don't "k h[ to express x--,i feel t !re is /ill rema9+ to me all my reason = d\bt & dissatisfaction4 ,y say t arti/ic "w is morally ju/ifiable to ! arti/1 s9ce he is giv+ pleasure to o!rs4 ,f ?is po9t ( view y are p]fectly "r4 ,b :at ,i feel is1 t ! pleasure :i* ! arti/ ?us gives is n morally valuable to ^? :o enjoy x4 ,d y foll[8 ,i mean t ! arti/ may be nobly & g5]\sly employ$1 & yet1 by "s fatal contradiction1 ! m5 & wom5 :o receive 8 gifts are m]ely selfi%ly gratifi$4 ,he might n1 p]haps1 be bett] employ$ ?an 9 giv+ pleasure1 b !y might surely be bett] employ$ ?an 9 m]ely receiv+ x2 & ?us ! selfi%ness ( ! enjoym5t ( ! gift seems to dim9i% ! moral value ( giv+ x4 ,:5 an arti/ gives to o!r m5 an h\r ( m]e enjoym5t1 ,i don't "k :e!r he ought to be q pr\d or n4 ,baldw9 m]ely laugh$4 ,x is droll to see :at sort ( hyp]moral scruples "s p indulge 9 n[-a-days4 ,s1 y\r s5se ( ! necessity ( do+ good is s ke5 t y actually feel wret*$ at ! notion ( y\r neighb\rs be+ simply happy1 & no m1 = an h\r4 ,y are n sure :e!r1 by ?us tak+ !m away = a mom5t f ! /ruggle ) evil1 lett+ !m brea! & re/ 9 ! middle ( ! battle1 y may n be mak+ !m s9 & be s9n+ y\rself6 ,:y1 my de> ,cyril1 if y condemn humanity to un9t]rupt$ /ruggle ) evil1 y create evil in/ead ( de/roy+ x2 if mank9d c\ld be p]suad$ to give up all ( :at y w\ld call useless & selfi% pleasure1 x w\ld v soon become s utt]ly worn out & di%e>t5$ z to be q p[]less to resi/ evil4 ,if ?is is ! sy/em on :i* poets w\ld re=m ! _w1 x is v =tunate t !y don't ?9k ( x till !y are fly+ to heav54 ,i c't make x out4 ,y seem to be 9 ! "r1 ,baldw91 & yet ,i /ill seem to be ju/ifi$ 9 /ick+ to my ideas1 said ,cyril4 ,d y see1 he w5t on1 y h always prea*$ to me t ! highe/ aim ( ! arti/ is ! p]fection ( 8 own "w2 y h always told me t art _c be z mu* z x %\ld if any extra-arti/ic purpose be giv5 to x4 ,& :ile li/5+ to y ,i h felt p]suad$ t all ?is 0 mo/ p]fectly true4 ,b !n1 an h\r lat]1 ,i h met ! same idea--! et]nal phrase ( art = art's own sake--9 ! m\?s & ! books ( m5 ,i completely despis$2 m5 :o seem$ to lose sight ( all ! e>ne/ness & duty ( life1 :o _h ev5 :at seem$ to me v base ideas ab\t art itself1 & at all ev5ts debas$ x by associat+ x ) effem9ate1 selfi%1 s5sual my/icism4 ,s t ! idea ( art = art's own sake has come to h a disgu/+ mean+ to me4 ,baldw9 _h ris5 f ! grass1 & unti$ ! horse f ! trunk ( ! cypress4 ,!re is a /orm ga!r+1 he said1 po9t+ to ! grey masses ( cl\d1 half-dissolv$1 :i* 7 ga!r+ ev]y:]e2 if we c get to "o ( ! villages on ! coa/ )\t be+ half-dr[n$ :ile cross+ ! swamps1 we %all be lucky4 ,get 91 & we c discuss art = art's own sake1 & any?+ else y please1 on ! way4 ,9 a m9ute ! gig 0 rattl+ d[n ! hill1 among ! great bla/$ grey olives1 & ! v9es ) r$d5+ foliage1 & ! f>m-h\ses ) _! fig & orange trees1 _! great tawny pumpk9s ly+ 9 heaps on ! ?re%+-floor1 & _! autumn tape/ry ( /rung-toge!r maize hang+ massy & gold5 f ! eaves to ! gr\nd4 ,baldw9 resum$ ! subject :]e !y _h left x3 ,my own exp]i5ce is1 t ! m5 :o g 9 = art = art's own sake1 d s ma9ly f a morbid %r9k+ f all ! practical & moral objects :i* o!r folk are apt to set up z ! aim ( art2 9 reality1 !y d n want art1 nor ! legitimate pleasures ( art3 !y want ! /]ile pleasure ( p]ceiv+ m]e +5uity & dext]ity ( h&l+2 !y hank] vaguely aft] imag9>y s5su\s /imulation1 spic$ ) all mann] ( my/ical rubbi%1 aft] "s ineffable half-nause\s pleasure 9 /range mixtures ( beauty & na/9ess2 !y enjoy above all ?+s dabbl+ & dipp+ alt]nately 9 virtue & vice1 z 9 ! /eam & ic$ wat] ( a ,turki% ba?4444 ,9 %ort1 ^! creatures want art n = its own sake1 b = ! sake ( excitem5t :i* ! respectabilities ( society d n p]mit _! obta9+1 except 9 imag9ative =m4 ,z to art1 real art1 !y treat x mu* worse ?an ! mo/ det]m9$ utilit>ian3 ! utilit>ians turn art into a drudge2 ^! /hetic folk make h] into a p&] & a pro/itute4 ,my reason = re/rict+ art to arti/ic aims is simply my pr9ciple t if ?+s are to be fully useful !y mu/ be re/rict$ to _! real use1 accord+ to ! idea ( ,goe!'s ,duke ( ,f]r>a3-- ',ni*t alles di5et uns auf glei*e ,weise2 ,w] vieles brau*5 w1 gebrau*e j$es ,9 se9] ,art1 s i/ er wohl b$i5t4' ,i want art 9 g5]al n to m$dle ) ! "w ( any ( our o!r en]gies1 = ! same reason t ,i want ea* art 9 p>ticul> n to m$dle ) ! "w ( any o!r art4 ,sculpture _c d ! same z pa9t+1 nor pa9t+ ! same z music1 nor music ! same z poetry2 & by attempt+ any?+ beyond its legitimate sph]e ea* sacrifices :at x1 & no o!r1 c d4 ,s1 also1 art 9 g5]al has a def9ite function 9 our lives2 & if x attempts to p]=m ! "w ( philosophy1 or practical b5evol5ce1 or sci5ce1 or moraliz+1 or any?+ n itself1 x w m]ely fail 9 t1 & neglect :at x c\ld d4 ,oh yes1 cont9u$ ,baldw9 aft] a m9ute1 z !y pass$ into ! twilight ( a wood ( old olives1 grey1 silv]y1 my/]i\s1 ris+ ti] above ti] on ei!r side ( ! road1 a fa9t flick] ( yell[ light betwe5 _! fea!ry bran*es4 ,oh yes1 ,i don't d\bt t 7 ,i a writ]1 & 7 ,i to exp\nd my life-&-art philosophy to ! _w1 ! _w w\ld tax me ) great n>r[ness6 ,?+s are always too n>r[ = p :5 !y are kept 9 _! place--kept )9 duty & reason4 ,( c\rse !re is an inf9ite gr&eur 9 *aos--9 a g5]al w&]+ among ! ,unkn[n1 9 an univ]sal /ra9+ & hank]+ aft] ! ,impossible2 x is gr& to see ! arts wri?+ & %iv]+ to atoms1 l cag$ vip]s1 9 _! impot5ce to d :at !y _c4 ,only x w\ld be simpl] to let ^? d x :o c2 & my sy/em is ! only "o :i* c "w4 ,despair is f9e1 & ,nirvna is f9e2 b successful & useful activity is a good deal f9]4 ,:]e=e ,i %all always say--',ea* 9 8 place & to 8 "w2' & y1 !re=e1 my de> ,cyril1 to y\rs1 :i* is poetry4 ,i ?9k y\r philosophy is q "r1 ,baldw91 only--only1 someh[1 ,i c't get x to suit my moral condition1 answ]$ ,cyril4 ,i d feel q p]suad$ t sculptors mu/ n try to be pa9t]s1 nor musicians try to be poets1 nor any ( !m try to be any?+ beyond :at !y are4 ,x is all q rational1 & "r1 & moral1 b /ill ,i am n satisfi$ ab\t poetry4 ,y see a poet is n q 9 ! same case z any o!r sort ( arti/4 ,! musician1 inasmu* z musician1 kn[s only notes1 has p[] only ov] s\nds2 & ! pa9t] simil>ly z to =m & col\rs2 if ei!r be some?+ m1 x is inasmu* z he is a m]e man1 n an arti/4 ,b a poet1 inasmu* z he is a poet1 kn[s1 sees1 feels a great _m ?+s :i* h a practical & moral mean+3 j because he is a poet1 he kn[s t !re is some?+ beyond poetry2 he kn[s t !re are 9 ! _w su* ?+s z ju/ice & inju/ice1 good & evil1 purity & f\lness3 he kn[s all ?is1 :i* ! m]e musician1 ! m]e pa9t]1 does n--& kn[+ x1 p]ceiv+1 feel+1 und]/&+ x1 ) m int5sity ?an o!r m51 is he to sweep x all out ( 8 sight8 is he to say to ju/ice & inju/ice1 good & evil1 purity & f\lness1 ',i "k y1 b my "w lies n ) y8' ,is he to d ?is8 ,oh1 ,baldw91 if he be a man & an hone/ "o1 he surely _c3 he _c set aside ^! ideas & devote himself to 8 art = its own sake4 ,baldw9 li/5$ att5tively to ! passionate words ( 8 companion1 & twit*+ at a sprig ( olive z a bran* swept across _! heads 9 _! rapid movem5t ?r\gh ! wood1 he answ]$ quietly3 ,he w n set aside ! ideas ( ju/ice & inju/ice1 ( good & evil1 ( purity & impurity1 ,cyril4 ,he w make use ( !m ev5 z ! musician uses 8 s\nds1 or ! pa9t] uses 8 col\rs4 ,su* ideas are at lea/ "o-half ( ! poet's mat]ial1 ( ! /uff out ( :i* he creates--! half :i* belongs exclusively to him1 :i* he does n %>e ) any o!r arti/2 ! half :i* gives poetry a "* 9 _m respects diff]5t f t ( pa9t+ or music4 ,i h always laugh$ at ! ,rusk9ian idea ( morality or immorality 9 ar*itecture1 or pa9t+1 or music1 & said t _! morality & immorality 7 beauty & ugl9ess4 ,i h done s because moral ideas don't ent] into ! arts ( l9e1 or col\r1 or s\nd1 b only into ! subjects to :i* _! visible & audible works are 7usually arbitr>ily7 atta*$4 ,b ) poetry ! case is diff]5t2 & if ! poet has got a ke5] p]ception 7or ought to h7 ( "r & wrong ?an o!r m51 x is because a s5se ( moral "r & wrong is requir$ 9 8 art1 z a s5se ( col\r is requir$ 9 pa9t+4 ,i h said 'art = art's own sake1' b ,i %\ld h be5 m precise 9 say+ 'art = beauty's sake4' ,n[1 9 poetry1 "o half ( beauty & ugl9ess is purely e?ical1 & if ! poet :o deals ) ?is half1 ! half :i* comprises human emotion & action1 has no s5se ( "r & wrong1 he w fail z signally z "s v dext]\s draughtsman1 :o %\ld h no s5se ( physical beauty & ugl9ess1 & sp5d 8 "t mak+ wond]ful draw+s ( all mann] ( diseas$ gr[?s4 ,( c\rse1 y may be a poet :o does n deal ) ! human elem5t1 :o writes only ab\t trees & riv]s1 & 9 ?is case y\r notions ( "r & wrong are z unnecess>y to y z an arti/ z !y w\ld be to a l&scape pa9t]4 ,y use !m 9 y\r life1 b n 9 y\r art4 ,b z soon z a poet deals ) human be+s1 & _! feel+s & do+s1 he mu/ h a correct s5se ( :at1 9 su* feel+s & do+s1 is "r & :at is wrong4 ,& if he h n ?is s5se1 he w n be 9 ! same case z ! pa9t] or musician :o is defici5t 9 ! s5se ( pictorial or musical "r & wrong4 ,! wise folk :o h exam9$ into our visual & ac\/ic n]ves seem to ?9k1 :at to me seems extremely probable1 t ! impression ( /hetic repulsion :i* we get f badly comb9$ l9es1 or col\rs1 or s\nds1 is a sort ( admonition t su* comb9ations are m or less de/ructive to our n]ves ( sight or ( he>+2 s1 simil>ly1 ! q ab/ract av]sion :i* we feel to an immoral effect 9 lit]ature1 seems to me to be ! admonition 7:ile we are /ill ,platonically view+ ! matt]1 & h n yet come p]sonally into contact ) x7 t our moral s5se--:at ,i may call our n]ves ( "r & wrong--is be+ dis9tegrat$ by ?is purely intellectual contact ) evil4 ,&1 moreov]1 our n]ves ( "r & wrong are1 someh[1 mu* less well protect$ ?an our visual or ac\/ic n]ves3 !y seem to be m on ! surface ( our nature1 & !y are mu* m easily injur$3 x takes a good deal ( bad pa9t+ & bad music to deprave a man's eye or e>1 & m ?an we c well conceive to make him bl9d or deaf2 b x takes less ?an we ?9k ( base lit]ature to injure a man's moral p]ception1 to make him see & he> moral ?+s completely wrong4 ,y see ! good1 simple1 physical s5ses look aft] !mselves--are 9 a way isolat$2 b ! moral s5se is a v complex matt]1 & int]f]$ ) 9 e possible mann] by ! reason1 ! imag9ation1 ! bodily s5ses--s t injur+ x ?r\gh any ( ^! is extremely easy4 ,& ! p :om bad pa9t+ or bad music _h made half-bl9d or half-deaf w\ld be less dang]\s to !mselves & to o!rs ?an ^? :o _h be5 made half-immoral by poetry4 ,b at t rate1 said ,cyril1 we %\ld nev] be p]mitt$ to write except ab\t moral action2 if ! morally "r is ! same = ! poet z ! pictorially "r = ! pa9t]4 ,baldw91 ,i ?9k1 ,i fe>1 t all ^! are m]e extemporiz$ argum5ts = ! purpose ( mak+ me satisfi$ ) poetry1 :i* ,i nev] %all be aga91 ,i feel p]suad$4 ,n at all1 answ]$ ,baldw94 ,i mean t ! moral "r or wrong ( poetry is n exactly :at y mean4 ,if we 7 b\nd nev] to write except ab\t good p1 !re w\ld be an end to half ! lit]ature ( ! _w4 ,t is exactly :at ,i saw1 & :at %[$ me ! holl[ness ( y\r !ory1 ,baldw94 ,because y mi/ook my !ory4 ,!re c\ld be no human action or int]e/ if lit]ature 7 to avoid all repres5tation ( evil3 no m trag$y1 at any rate1 & no m novels4 ,b y mu/ rememb] t ! impression giv5 by a play or a poem is n ! same z t giv5 by a picture or /atue4 ,! picture or /atue is all we see2 if x be ugly1 ! impression is ugly4 ,b 9 a "w ( lit]ature we see n only ! actors & _! actions1 b ! mann] 9 :i* !y are reg>d$ by ! au?or2 & 9 ?is mann] ( reg>d+ !m lies ! morality or immorality4 ,y may h z _m villa9s z y please1 & ! impression may /ill be moral2 & y may h z _m sa9ts z y please1 & ! impression may /ill be immoral4 ,! road _h sudd5ly em]g$ out ( ! olive woods cov]+ ! l[e/ hill ranges1 & 9 a few m9utes !y 7 driv+ ?r\gh a p]fect des]t4 ,! road1 a n>r[ :ite ribbon1 /ret*$ across a great flat tract ( c\ntry3 field aft] field ( ,indian corn1 /ripp$ ( its leaves & look+ l regim5ts ( sp9dles1 & ( yell[i% gre5 grass1 half "u wat]2 on ei!r side a dit* full ( wat]-lilies1 wid5+ into s$ge-fr+$ canals1 9 :i* ! hay ( co>se long grass 0 /ack$ 9 boats = %e] want ( dry soil1 or exp&+ into %all[ pat*es ( wat] sc>cely cov]+ ! grass1 & reflect+1 aga9/ ! gre5 ( ! mead[ bel[1 ! boldly peak$ m>ble m\nta9s ( ,c>r>a1 b>e1 int5sely ribb$1 ve9$1 & ! blue sky & ra9y black cl\ds4 ,gre5 br[n fields1 tufts ( re$1 hill & sky reflect$ 9 ! inundat$ grass--no?+ m1 n a h\se1 or %$1 or tree = miles ar\nd--9 front only ! /ormy horizon :]e x t\*$ ! sea4 ,?is is beautiful1 cri$ ,cyril4 ,i %\ld l to come & live "h4 ,x is mu* loveli] & m peaceful ?an all ! woods & valleys 9 creation4 ,baldw9 laugh$4 ,x might be a good beg9n+ = f9al ,nirvna1 he said4 ,^! are ! sea-swamps1 ! padule1 :]e ! s]5e ,republic ( ,lucca s5t its political (f5d]s4 ,y 7 lock$ up 9 a t[]1 ! door brick$ up1 ) food en\gh to la/ till y\r keep] came back once a =tnight2 ! mal>ia did ! re/4 ,x is l "s ( our mod]n lit]ature1 answ]$ ,cyril1 ) a %udd]2 ,m>emma poetry--we h t sort ( ?+1 too4 ,by ! way1 w5t on ,baldw92 ,i don't ?9k we q came to ! end ( our discussion ab\t :at a poet ought to d ) 8 moral in/9cts1 if he has any4 ,i "k1 answ]$ ,cyril1 & ,i h mean:ile return$ to my previ\s conclusion t1 n[ t all great s+able /rifes are at an end1 poetry _c satisfy ! moral crav+s ( a man4 ,y ?9k s8 ask$ ,baldw91 look+ r contemptu\sly at 8 companion4 ,y ?9k s8 ,well1 !re9 lies y\r mi/ake4 ,i ?9k1 on ! contr>y1 t poetry requires m moral s5se & en]gy ?an mo/ m5 c or w give to x4 ,d y "k :at a poet has to deal )1 at lea/ a poet :o does n conf9e himself to m]e description ( inanimate ?+s8 ,he has to deal ) ! passions & actions ( mank9d--t is to say1 ) a hundr$ problems ( "r & wrong4 ,( c\rse1 m5 :o h delib]ately made up _! m9d on any "q ( "r & wrong1 are n %ak5 by any?+ 9 a book2 nay1 !y probably sc>cely rem>k x4 ,b if y rememb] t 9 ! inn] life ( e man !re mu/ be mom5ts ( d\bt & hesitation1 !re mu/ be problems vaguely knock+ ab\t1 y w und]/& t = e man !re is ! dang] t 9 su* a mom5t ( d\bt 8 eyes may fall ^u a s5t5ce 9 a book--a s5t5ce to o!r m5 trivial--:i* w settle t d\bt = ev]1 rightly or wrongly4 ,!re are few ( u s /rong t ! mom5t does n come :5 we w\ld ask1 z a good ,ca?olic does ( a confessor1 :at is "r & :at is wrong1 & take ! answ] :i* is "o ( ! two t h be5 /ruggl+ )9 himself1 z def9ite2 & to u1 :o d n g to confession1 a book1 any book casually tak5 up1 may be ?is t]ribly p[]ful spiritual director4 ,p us$ to exagg]ate ! influ5ce ( books1 because !y imag9$ t !y c\ld alt] already settl$ op9ions2 n[-a-days ,i delib]ately ?9k t !y und]rate ?is influ5ce1 because !y =get h[ x may settle fluctuat+ op9ion4 ,! p[] ( lit]ature is 9 ?is way v great4 ,x has be5 =m]ly--yes1 ,i grant x1 answ]$ ,cyril2 b x is no long] :at x 02 9 our cut-&-dry days x is necess>ily small]4 ,on ! contr>y1 mu* great] n[ ?an p]haps almo/ at any o!r "t4 ,^! are n cut-&-dry days1 ,cyril1 b ! v rev]se2 y mu/ n let y\rself be deceiv$ by a c]ta9 sup]ficial regul>ity1 by railway j\rneys & newspap]s1 & a g5]al civilization ( h&-books & classes4 ,9 reality !re is m room = indirect moral p]v]sion or en]vation 9 our days ?an !re has be5 = a good :ile2 = ! upsett+ ( ideas1 ! infiltration ( effete or =eign modes ( ?\ght & feel+1 is mu* great] 9 ?is quiet n9ete5? c5tury ?an x 01 = in/ance1 9 ! ,r5aissance or ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,) all _! scepticism1 ! p ( ^? days _h a great fund ( tradition ab\t ev]y?+2 !y 7 float+ ab\t a good deal1 ,i admit1 b !y 7 fully p]suad$ ( ! exi/5ce ( c]ta9 v solid moral rocks1 to :i* !y might always tie _! boat :5 x grew ov]-r\gh2 rocks ( religion or dei/ic my/icism1 or ( social conv5ances1 :i* we h n[ discov]$ to be by no means granite1 b "s sort ( sea deposit1 ( h>d5$ s&1 ^: =mation we und]/& & no long] rely ^u4 ,! mo/ arrant sceptics ( ! pa/ _h always "o great safety1 t !y 7 9 a groove2 !y saw1 und]/ood1 sympa?iz$ ) only _! own civilization4 ,:at !y ?\ght "r !y _h nev] se5 que/ion$--!y nev] imag9$ any "o c\ld reg>d z wrong2 h5ce ! mo/ lib]al ?9k]s ( =m] days always /rike u1 ) _! bl9dness to all b _! own civilization1 z su* ,phili/9es4 ,?+s h *ang$ s9ce !n2 !y began to *ange already1 z soon z m5 began to look at o!r civilizations2 & ! sugge/ive fir/-fruit ( ?is e>ly e?nographic eclecticism may be se5 9 ,did]ot's v bea/ly books3 he f\nd t ! ,s\? ,sea ,isl&]s _h n1 on ! subject ( ince/1 ! same views z ,*ri/ian folk2 :]eupon x /ruck him t ^? views might be due to prejudice4 ,x 0 n ! developm5t ( ! natural sci5ces1 b r ( ! hi/oric & e?nographic1 :i* upset p's ideas2 x 0 ! discov]y ( h[ our in/itutions1 moral & social 7hi!rto reg>d$ z come /raight f heav571 _h =m$ !mselves1 & h[ !y 7 subject to v>iation4 ,speak+ ( poets1 look at a pure man1 ,i believe a v pure man1 ,%elley1 if y want to und]/& ! necessity ( poets hav+ a great] solidity ( moral judgm5t ?an ! m]e ,jones & ,br[ns :o /ick to _! %op1 & are n tr\bl$ ) !ories4 ,add to ! influ5ce ( sci5tific d\bt1 ( ! d\bt creat$ by books on ! orig9 ( ideas & in/itutions 7%[+ ( :at moon%9e !y are (t5 made71 ! utt]ly confus+ effect ( our mod]n lit]>y eclecticism1 our compreh5sion & sympa?y ) s _m & ho/ile /ates ( civilization1 our jumbl+ toge!r ( antique & m$ival1 ( b>b>\s & ov]-ripe & effete civilizations1 our intellectual & moral absorption ( incompatible pa/ /ages ( ?\ght & feel+1 ) ! follies & vices inh]5t 9 ea*2--sum up all ?is1 & y w see t1 ) our sci5ce & our culture1 our self-swamp+ ) o!r folk's ideas1 we are inf9itely less morally /eady ?an ! good sceptics ( ! days ( ,voltaire1 :o always believ$ 9 ! supremacy ( _! own c5tury1 _! own c\ntry1 _! own in/itutions1 _! own conv5tionalities2 :o 7 9 dang] only f _! own follies & unc]ta9ties1 :ile we are 9 dang] f ! follies & unc]ta9ties ( e pa/ c5tury f :i* we h inh]it$4 ,& y w see1 if y look1 t t sceptical eighte5? c5tury1 :i* 0 v mu* m cr$ul\s & cons]vative ?an ours1 0 v little divid$ & upset 9 its ideas2 c]ta9 ?+s 7 univ]sally admitt$1 & c]ta9 o!r ?+s univ]sally reject$2 9 t day !re 0 always ! ma/] ( ! c]emonies--,propriety4 ,he knew exactly :at c\ld be p]mitt$3 9 ! d9+-room1 drunk>ds yell+ fil?y je/s2 9 ! draw+-room1 polite g5tlem5 /alk+ or tripp+ ?r\gh _! m9uets4 ,x is diff]5t n[-a-days4 ,cyril nodd$4 ,i und]/& :at y mean1 he said2 b ,i don't see ! application yet4 ,well1 answ]$ ,baldw91 ,i w %[ y "o in/ance ( ! application4 ,h y ev] ?\ght ov] ! "q (--h[ %all ,i call x8--! e?ics ( ! indec5t8 ,cyril />$4 ,no1 x nev] /ruck me t !re 7 any4 ,i don't write indec5t ?+s1 x doesn't amuse me4 ,i feel n ! smalle/ desire to d s2 if any?+1 ,i feel r sick at su* ?+s2 t is all4 ,t is all = y1 b n all = o!r p4 ,y don't feel attract$ to write on "s subjects2 well1 o!r p n only feel attract$1 b imag9e t x is _! duty ev5 if !y are n4 ,!y are sw9e2 ,i h no?+ to d ) !m4 ,& ,cyril look$ z if he _h settl$ ! matt]4 ,b !y are n sw9e2 at lea/1 n all ( !m2 or !y are n entirely sw9e1 by any means1 insi/$ ,baldw94 ,y are n go+ to tell me t a man l ,walt ,:itman is a m]e pig4 ,/ill !re are ?+s ( 8 :i* to y are simply piggi%4 ,ei!r ,:itman is a bea/ or y are a prude4 ,t dep5ds ^u diff]5ce ( nature1 said ,cyril quickly1 vaguely desir\s ( putt+ an end to a discussion :i* br\ght =w>d an anomaly4 ,t is m]ely repeat+ :at ,i said1 repli$ ,baldw94 ,b 9 reality ,i ?9k x is n a diff]5ce ( nature4 ,i ?9k x dep5ds on a diff]5ce ( reason$ op9ion2 9 %ort1 ^u a sophi/ication ( ideas on ! "p ( ,:itman4 ,i ?9k x dep5ds 9 him & ! really pure m5 :o uphold 8 abom9ations ^u a simple logical misconception2 a confusion ( ! fact t c]ta9 ph5om5a h be5 inevitable1 ) ! supposition t ^? same c]ta9 ph5om5a are !re=e desirable--a confusion betwe5 :at has be51 & c\ld n help be+1 & :at may be & ought to be4 ,x is ! attempt to solve a moral problem by an hi/orical te/4 ,i don't und]/& 9 ! lea/1 ,baldw94 ,:y1 ?us3 our mod]n famili>ity ) ! intellectual "w ( all times & races has made p p]ceive t 9 pa/ days indec5cy 0 always "p & p>cel ( lit]ature1 & t to try to we$ x out is to completely alt] ! "* ( at lea/ a good half ( ! lit]ature ( ! pa/4 ,h5ce1 "s ( u mod]ns1 %ak5 z we are 9 all our conv5tional ideas1 h argu$ t ?is s-call$ indec5cy is a legitimate portion ( all lit]ature1 & t ! soon] x is re-introduc$ into t ( ! pres5t ! bett]1 if our lit]ature is to be really vital & hone/4 ,n[1 ^! p d n p]ceive t ! lit]ature ( ! pa/ conta9$ indec5cies1 m]ely because1 be+ inf9itely less self-consci\s1 less responsible ?an n[1 ! lit]ature ( ^? days conta9$ fragm5ts ( e portion ( ! civilization :i* produc$ x4 ,= besides :at ,i might call absolute indec5cy1 9 ! s5se ( pruri5cy1 ! lit]ature ( ! pa/ is full ( fil? pure & simple1 l "s ,ea/]n t[n2 a sure pro( ?is1 t if c]ta9 subjects :i* we taboo 7 n taboo$ !n1 x 0 n f any consci\s notion ( _! legitimacy1 b f a g5]al habit ( mak+ lit]ature1 l ! /reet ( "s ,ori5tal or m$ival t[n1 ! sc5e ( e sort ( human action1 important or trifl+1 noble or vile2 reg>d+ x z ! place = :i* ! f9e/ works 7 pa9t$ or c>v$1 & into :i* all ! slops 7 empti$4 ,h5ce1 9 our w&]+s ?r\gh ! lit]ature ( ! pa/1 our feet are = ev] /umbl+ into pools ( fil?1 :ile our eyes are seek+ = ! spl5did trac]ies1 ! gorge\s col\rs above2 our /oma*s are turn$ by /5*es ev5 :ile we are peep+ 9 at "s wond]ful rose g>d5 or fruit or*>d4 ,i ?9k y might almo/ c\nt on y\r f+]s ! books up to ! ye> #afej1 9 :i* y are sure ( enc\nt]+ no bea/l9ess--*oice g>d5s or b[]s ( ! s\l1 or sacr$ *apels kept c>efully tidy & pure--viz41 ,milton1 ,sp5s]1 ! ,vita ,nuova1 ,petr>*1 ,tasso--?+s1 y see1 ma9ly sacr$ or spirituali/ic--sort ( *ur*es :]e only devotion ( "s sort goes on2 b if we g out to :]e !re is real life1 life complete & ?\ghtless--,%akspe>e1 ,rabelais1 ,molire1 ,ario/o1 ,c]vantes1 ,ari/ophanes1 ,horace--! evil od\rs meet u aga9 at e /ep4 ,well1 n[-a-days ?is has all be5 misund]/ood4 ,p h imag9$ t an inevitable nuisance ( ! pa/ ought also to be a delib]ately *os5 nuisance ( ! pres5t3 a l9e ( argum5t :i* appe>s to me to be simil> to t ( a man1 :o1 because ! p ( ,lisbon us$1 9 ! days ( my gr&fa!r1 to practise a v primitive sy/em ( sew]age1 %\ld recomm5d t ! inhabitants ( mod]n ,london %\ld habitually empty _! slops on to ! heads ( pass]s-by4 ,i am crude8 ,well1 x is by call+ na/y ?+s by beautiful names t we are able to endure _! exi/5ce4 ,i ?9k t p :o %\ld attempt su* lit]>y revivals ought to be f9$1 z ! m practical reviv]s ( old traditions c]ta9ly w\ld be4 ,cyril paus$ a mom5t4 ,i ?9k t ^! sort ( (f5d]s1 l ,:itman1 are n evil-do]s1 b m]ely snobs3 !y (f5d n good morals1 b good ta/e4 ,t's j su* an arti/ic & well-br$ di/9ction z ,i %\ld expect f y1 answ]$ ,baldw91 r contemptu\sly4 ,i wond] :at t ^w 'good ta/e' signifies to y\r m9d8 ,ev]y?+ & no?+4 ,!y are (f5d]s aga9/ good ta/e1 y say4 ,well1 let u see h[4 ,if ,i hang a bright gre5 curta9 close to a bright blue wall-pap]1 y w say x is bad ta/e2 if ,i set ,gray's ',elegy' to "o ( ,/rauss's waltzes1 t is bad ta/e also2 & if ,i display all my gr& furniture & plate 7suppos+ ,i _h x7 to my poor neighb\r1 ^: *9tz *air is all torn1 & :o breakfa/s out ( a cup )\t a h&le1 t also is bad ta/e4 ,ea* = a good reason1 & a diff]5t "o2 9 ea* case ,i am inflict+ an injury1 too slight & inadv]t5t to be s91 aga9/ some?+3 ! gre5 curta9 & blue pap] comb9ation pa9s y\r eye2 ! ,gray's ',elegy' & ,/rauss's waltz comb9ation annoys y\r common s5se2 ! contra/ betwe5 my ri*es & y\r pov]ty inflicts a w\nd on y\r feel+s2 y see t all s9s aga9/ ta/e are m]ely a hurt+ ( some?+ 9 somebody4 ,s t1 if writ+ indec5t poems is an (f5ce aga9/ good ta/e1 x means t x also inflicts "s su* injury4 ,t injury is simply1 z ! _w has vaguely felt all along1 an injury to y\r neighb\r's morals4 ,b1 put 9 ,cyril1 su* a man z ,:itman has no immoral int5tion1 nor is he immoral 9 ! s5se t ,ario/o & ,byron are sometimes immoral4 ,! man is n a lib]t9e1 b a reali/4 ,he wi%es p to live clean lives2 all he says is1 t ev]y?+ :i* is legitimate1 innoc5t1 necess>y 9 life1 is also legitimate & innoc5t 9 lit]ature4 ,& al?\gh ,i %\ld r select o!r subjects to write ab\t1 & w\ld r he did s likewise1 ,i _c d5y t !re is logic 9 say+ t !re c be no h>m 9 speak+ ( t :i* !re is no h>m 9 do+4 ,yes1 said ,baldw91 t is j ! argum5t ( su* m54 ,& ! answ] is simply t !re are ?+s :i* are int5d$ to be done & n to be spok5 ab\t4 ,:at y call logic is no logic at all1 b a m]e appeal to ignorance4 ,x s happ5s t ! case is exactly rev]s$--t !re are a great _m ?+s :i* !re is n ! smalle/ immorality 9 speak+ ab\t1 & :i* x w\ld be ! mo/ gl>+ immorality to d4 ,no "o %r9ks f talk+ ab\t murd] or trea*]y2 nay1 ev5 9 ! v doma9 ( sexual relations !re ne$ n be ! smalle/ immorality1 no?+ at all p]v]t+1 9 a play :i*1 l ! :ole ,ore/es trilogy1 or ,o!llo1 or ,fau/1 turns ^u adult]y or s$uction2 no "o also has ! slighte/ in/9ct ( immorality 9 talk+ ab\t ! mo/ fe>ful :olesale massacres4 ,yet ! _w at l>ge1 ev] s9ce x has _h any ideas ( good & evil1 has _h an in/9ct ( immorality 9 talk+ ( t )\t :i* n "o ( u w\ld exi/1 t :i* society sanctions & ! *ur* blesses4 ,& ?is exactly because x is z natural z murd]--( :i* we speak freely--is ! contr>y4 ,=1 exactly because c]ta9 in/9cts are s ess5tial & indisp5sable1 ,nature has made !m s p[]ful & excitable2 !re is no fe> ( _! be+ too dormant1 b !re is fe> ( _! be+ too active1 & ! consequ5ces ( _! excess are s hide\sly dang]\s to ,nature itself1 s de/ructive ( all ! high] p[]s1 ( all ! in/itutions ( humanity2 ! ov]-activity ( ! impulses to :i* we owe our bir? is s ru9\s ( all t = :i* we are born1 social1 dome/ic1 & intellectual good1 nay1 to physical exi/5ce itself1 t ,nature ev5 has f\nd x necess>y to re/ra9 !m by a c\nt]-in/9ct--purity1 *a/ity--su* z has n be5 giv5 u to c\nt]act ! o!r physical in/9cts1 z t ( eat+1 :i* c at mo/ injure an individual glutton1 b n affect ! g5]al social ord]4 ,h5ce1 ! slighte/ artificial /imulus is a dang] to mank9d1 & ! giv+ !re( a crime2 = ! exp]i5ce ( all times tells u :at mod]n psy*ology is beg9n+ to expla9--viz41 ! /range connection betwe5 ! imag9ation & ! s5ses1 ! hi!rto my/]i\s p[] ( awak5+ physical desires1 ( almo/ reproduc+ s5sation1 possess$ by ! m9d1 ev5 z ! m5tion ( da9ty food is said to make ! m\? wat]1 & ! description ( a surgical op]ation to make ! n]ves w9ce4 ,s t ! old intuition1 n[ call$ conv5tionalism1 :i* connects indec5cy ) immorality1 is entirely ju/ifi$4 ,crime may be spok5 ( j because x is crime1 & our nature recoils !refrom2 inde$1 ,i ?9k t n[-a-days1 :5 our de/ructive in/9ct 7except 9 small boys & pr(essors ( physiology7 is becom+ effete1 !re has ceas$ to be any v demoraliz+ influ5ce 9 talk+ ev5 ( horrors4 ,b ! immorality ( indec5cy is q unlike ! immorality (--h[ %all ,i di/+ui%8--( ord9>y immorality4 ,9 ! case ( ! latt] ! mis*ief lies 9 ! sophi/ication ( ! reason or ! p]v]sion ( ! sympa?ies2 z1 = in/ance1 9 ,ma*iavel's ',pr9ce1' or any ( a hundr$ ,fr5* novels4 ,9 ! =m] case1 t ( indec5cy1 ! immorality lies 9 ! risk ( induc+ a mood :i* may lead to excess--t is1 to evil4 ,&1 z a rule1 ,i ?9k ?is induc+ ( a mood is ! commone/ s\rce ( moral dang]1 :e!r ! mood be a s5sual or a de/ructive "o4 ,i don't see h[ y make t out2 al?\gh ,i n[ und]/& :at at fir/ seem$ to me m]e inexplicable in/9cts--f\nd$ on no?+4 ,"s ?+s are inexplicable1 p]haps1 b be sure in/9cts are n f\nd$ on no?+4 ,misconceptions are m]e false conceptions2 b a good half ( :at p call social conv5tion is bas$ ^u a p]fectly correct conception1 only mank9d has =gott5 :at t conception 04 ,well1 ,i %\ld place ! v>i\s sorts ( demoralization ( :i* lit]ature is capable 9 ?is ord]3 ,no4 #a1 & lea/ dang]\s1 sophi/ication ( judgm5t2 ,no4 #b1 & m dang]\s1 p]v]sion ( sympa?y2 ,no4 #c1 & mo/ dang]\s1 inducem5t ( que/ionable frame ( m9d4 ,& ,i place !m ?us because x seems to me t ?is is ! ord] ( facility1 &1 consequ5tly1 univ]sality2 ,i mean t fewe/ p c be f\nd :o dep5d suffici5tly on _! delib]ate ideas1 & mo/ ef=t is requir$ to sophi/icate !m2 :]eas1 lea/ ef=t is requir$1 & mo/ effect produc$1 9 ! matt] ( induc+ a mood2 ! p]v]sion ( sympa?y is half-way4 ,( c\rse1 if we c\ld imag9e 7z once or twice has actually be5 ! case7 t ! moral ideas ( a :ole p 7 sophi/icat$1 t w\ld be ! wor/1 because ! lea/ rem$iable2 b1 9 ! fir/ place1 p act b little f ideas1 or few p]sons d1 & x is difficult to alt] p's ideas2 &1 9 ! second place1 ! sophi/ication ( consci5ce ( s+le individuals is kept 9 *eck by ! /eadfa/ness ( ! mass ( mank9d1 &1 consequ5tly1 z 9 su* m5 z ,did]ot1 r$uc$ to m]e talk1 )\t correspond+ action4 ,b a mood is easily induc$ )\t ! reason ev5 p]ceiv+ x1 & ! m necess>y ! mood is to nature1 ! m easily x w be ar\s$--! m unnatural an evil1 ! less dang] ( x2 ! m an evil is ! m]e excess ( ! necess>y1 ! m dang] !re is ( x4 ,x is curi\s h[ y m>%al ideas into _! "r places1 said ,cyril4 ,!re rema9s "o ?+ to be said ab\t ! e?ics ( impropriety4 ,! p :o g 9 = writ+ ^u subjects :i* ?irty ye>s ago w\ld h di/9ctly be5 =bidd51 d n all ( !m write z ,:itman does3 !y are n all :at ,i %\ld call op5ly bea/ly4 ,!y d _! be/1 on ! contr>y1 to spiritualize ! m]ely animal4 ,t is j ! mo/ mis*iev\s ?+ !y c\ld possibly d1 int]rupt$ ,baldw94 ,i "k ! sort ( poets y mean4 ,!y are ! folk :o say t ?+s are pure or impure1 holy or f\l1 accord+ z we view !m4 ,!y are n ! brutal1 /raight=w>d1 naturali/ic s*ool2 !y are ! my/ico-s5sual4 ,( ! two1 !y are inf9itely ! worse4 ,= ! /raight=w>d naturali/ic hogs g5]ally turn y\r /oma* be=e !y h _h a *ance ( do+ y any h>m2 b ^! p]suade !mselves & y t1 :ile y are j gloat+ ov] s5sual images1 y are improv+ y\r s\l4 ,!y call brute desire passion1 & love lu/1 & pro/itution m>riage1 & ! body ! s\l4 ,oh6 ,i "k !m2 !y are ! wor/ pe/s we h 9 lit]ature4 ,b ,i don't ?9k !y are int5tionally immoral1 ,baldw94 ,d y ?9k any writ] ev] 0 int5tionally immoral1 ,cyril8 ,well1 ,i mean t ^! m5 really int5d do+ good4 ,!y ?9k t if only "s subjects be treat$ s]i\sly1 )\t any snigg]+ or grimac+1 !re ceases to be any h>m 9 !m4 ,!y say t !y wi% to rescue f out ( ! mire :]e prud]y has ?r[n x1 t :i* is clean 9 itself2 !y wi% to %[ t ! :ole ( ,nature is holy2 !y wi% to purify by sanctify+4 ,baldw9 li/5$ ) a smile ( contempt4 ,( c\rse su* words seem v f9e1 he said2 b a ?+ is ei!r holy or is n holy3 all ! inc5se ( poetry & all ! hocus-pocus words ( my/icism _c alt] its nature by a title4 ,& woe betide u if we once ?9k t any su* c]emony ( sanctification c take place2 woe betide u if we disguise ! f\l z ! innoc5t1 or ! m]ely indiff]5t z ! holy6 ,!re is 9 ,nature a great deal :i* is f\l3 9 t :i* m5 are pleas$ to call unnatural1 because ,nature h]self *a/ises x aft] hav+ produc$ x3 !re is 9 ,nature an inf9ite am\nt ( abom9able necessity & abom9able possibility1 :i* we h reason & consci5ce to sep>ate f t :i* )9 ,nature itself is innoc5t or holy4 ,m9d1 ,i say innoc5t or holy2 = innoc5ce & hol9ess are v diff]5t ?+s4 ,all our appetites1 )9 due limits1 are innoc5t1 b !y are n !re=e holy2 & t is j :at my/ico-s5sual poetry fails to p]ceive1 & 9 giv+ innoc5ce ! rank ( hol9ess x makes x s9ful4 ,d y "k :at is ! really holy8 ,x is t ( :i* ! _w possesses too little1 & c nev] possess too mu*3 x is ju/ice1 *>ity1 h]oism1 self-comm&1 tru?fulness1 lov+ness1 beauty1 g5ius--^! ?+s are holy4 ,place !m1 if y w1 on a poetic alt>1 t all m5 may see !m1 & "k !m1 & love !m1 & seek aft] !m life-long )\t ev] we>y+4 ,b d n en%r9e 9 poetic spl5d\rs ! m]ely innoc5t2 t :i* be/[s no m]it on its possessor1 t :i* we %>e ) e sc\ndrel & e animal1 t :i* is s univ]sal t x mu/ = ev] be kept 9 *eck1 & :i*1 unless ?us *eck$ by t 9 ourselves :i* is truly holy1 w degrade u l[] ?an bea/s4 ,= 9 s do+--9 ?us attempt+ to glorify t 9 :i* !re is no?+ glori\s--y make m5 ?9k t self-indulg5ce is sanctity1 y let !m consume _! lives 9 m]e acquiesc5ce ) _! lu/s & laz9ess1 :ile all ar\nd is rag+ ! great battle betwe5 good & evil4 ,wor/ ( all1 9 giv+ !m ?is wor%ip ( a my/ic ,a%t>o? or ,belial1 y hide f !m ! k ( ! true ,god1 ( ! really & exclusively holy1 ( good1 tru?1 beauty1 to "k & receive :i* into our s\l we mu/ /ruggle lifelong ) ! _w & ) ourselves2 yes1 /ruggle = ! sake ( ! really holy ) t m]e innoc5ce :i* is = ev] ?reat5+ to become guilt4 ,baldw9 paus$2 !n resum$ aft] a mom5t3 ,i believe t mank9d z x exi/s1 ) :atev] noble qualities x possesses1 has be5 gradually evolv$ out ( a v inf]ior sort ( mank9d or brutek9d1 & w1 ,i hope1 be evolv$ into a v sup]ior sort ( mank9d4 ,& ,i believe1 z sci5ce tea*es u1 t ?is has be5 s f> effect$1 & w be fur!r effect$ h5ce=w>d1 by an increas$ activity ( ^? nobl] portions ( u :i* h be5 develop$ z x 7 by _! own activity2 ,i believe1 9 %ort1 t we c improve only by becom+ m & m diff]5t f ! orig9al brutes t we 74 ,i h said ?is to expla9 to y my feel+s t[>ds a "y poet ( my acqua9tance1 :o is v s9c]ely smitt5 ) ! desire to improve mank9d2 & has delib]ately det]m9$ to devote a v f9e tal5t to ! glorification ( :at he calls pure passion1 pure 9 ! s5se t x c be /udi$ 9 its greate/ purity f ! cats on ! h\se tops4 ,cyril made a grimace ( disgu/4 ,no1 inde$1 cont9u$ ,baldw91 t poet is n "o ( ! /hetic-s5sual lot y seem to ?9k4 ,he is pure1 consci5ti\s1 philan?ropic2 b he is em95tly unreason+4 ,he is pa9fully impress$ by ! want ( s]i\sness & hol9ess ) :i* mank9d reg>ds m>riage1 & 8 ambition is to set mank9d "r on ?is subject1 ev5 z ano!r "y poet-philan?ropi/ tri$ to improve family relations 9 8 ',laon & ,cy?na4' ,n[1 if y 7 requir$ to use y\r poetical tal5ts 9 ord] to raise ! g5]al view ( m>riage1 9 ord] to %[ ! sanctity ( ! love ( a man & a woman1 h[ w\ld y proce$8 ,i h (t5 ?\ght ab\t t1 answ]$ ,cyril2 b x has be5 done ov] & ov] aga91 & ,i ?9k ) mo/ delib]ate solemnity & beauty by ,s*ill] & ,goe! 9 ! ',song ( ! ,bell' & 9 ',h]mann & ,doro!a4' ,well1 ,i ?9k t poetry c d good "w 9 ?is l9e only if ! poet see :]e ! real hol9ess ( su* love lies2 9 ! love n ( ! male & ! female1 b ( ! man & ! woman4 ,= !re is n[h]e1 ,i ?9k1 great] room = moral beauty & dignity ?an 9 ! *oos+ by a man ( ! "o creature f :om only dea? c sep>ate him2 ( ! "o fri5d1 n ( a phase ( 8 life1 b ( 8 :ole life2 ( ! "o s\l :i* w gr[ & mature always by ! side ( 81 & hav+ blossom$ & borne fruit ( good1 w g5tly fade & droop toge!r ) 84 ,b ?is is n ! mo/ holy "p ( ! *oice1 = he is *oos+ also ! "m ( 8 *ildr51 ! woman :o is to give half _! nature1 half _! tra9+1 to :at *ildr5 mu/ mean to e hone/ man3 ! "o *ance he possesses ( liv+ z he w\ld h wi%$ to h liv$1 ( be+ :at he %\ld wi% to h be51 8 "o *ance ( r$eem+ 8 errors1 ( fulfill+ 8 hopes1 ( realiz+ 9 a measure 8 own ideals4 ,& to me su* a *oice1 & love 9 ! s5se ( su* a *oice1 become n m]ely coldly delib]ate1 b passionately in/9ctive1 are holy ) ! hol9ess t1 z y say1 is ! only real "o2 holy 9 all x implies ( recogniz$ beauty & goodness1 ( tru/ & hope1 ( all ! excell5ce ( :i* x is at lea/ ! suppos$ =]unn]2 & its hol9ess is t ^u :i* all o!r hol9ess1 all ! tru?fulness & ju/ice & beauty & goodness ( mank9d1 dep5ds4 ,?is is h[ ,i view ! sanctity ( ! love betwe5 man & woman2 h[ all ! greate/ poets1 f ,hom] to ,s*ill]1 & f ,s*ill] to ,mrs4 ,br[n+1 h view$ x2 & x is ! only possible view t ,i c conceive4 ,baldw9 nodd$4 ,?is is h[ ,i also see ! "q4 ,b my "y poet is n satisfi$ ) ?is3 he wi%es to make m5 believe 9 ! hol9ess ( t :i* is no m holy1 & f> (t5] t5ds to be unholy1 ?an eat+ or dr9k+2 & 9 ord] to make mank9d adore1 he lavi%es all 8 arti/ic p[]s on ! con/ruction ( an /hetical temple :]e9 to en%r9e1 on ! prep>ation ( poetic inc5se ) :i* to surr\nd1 ?is species ( hol9ess1 c>efully sep>at$ f any extrane\s hol9ess1 su* z family affection1 intellectual appreciation1 moral sympa?y2 left 9 its complete unmix$ simplicity ( brute appetite & physical long+ & physical rapture2 & ! temple :i* he con/ructs out ( all t is beautiful 9 ! _w is a h>lot's *amb]2 & ! inc5se :i* he cunn+ly di/ils out ( all ! sights & s\nds ( ,nature are fil?y n>cotics1 :i* leave ! moral eyes dim1 & ! moral n]ves tremul\s1 & ! moral muscle un/rung4 ,9 8 desire to moralize he demoralizes2 9 8 desire to sanctify "o item ( life1 he ca/s aside1 he ov]looks1 =gets1 all t :i* 9 life is already possess$ ( hol9ess4 ,?us my "y poet1 9 wi%+ to improve mank9d1 to raise x1 undoes = ! "t be+ t we>y "w ( ! hundr$s ( c5turies :i* h sl[ly *ang$ lu/ into love1 ! male & female into a man & a woman1 ! life ( ! body into ! life ( ! s\l2 poetry1 "o ( ! highe/ human products1 has1 z x 71 undone ! "w ( evolution2 poetry1 :i* is ess5tially a ?+ ( ! self-consci5t intellect1 has tak5 u back to ! "t :5 creatures ) two legs & no tail c\ld n speak1 b only :9e & yell & sob--a mode ( conv]se1 by ! way1 m ?an suffici5t = ! int]c\rse ( :at he is pleas$ to call ! typical ,bride & ,bridegroom4 ,!y _h got out ( ! /range expanse ( br[n & gre5 swamp1 & aft] trav]s+ a /rip ( meagre r$eem$ l&1 ) /unt$ trees & yell[i% v9es1 _h rea*$ ! long n>r[ l9e ( p9e woods :i* met ! bea*4 ,!y pass$ sl[ly ?r\gh ! mid/ ( ! woods1 bru%+ ! ra9-drops (f ! %ort1 bright1 gre5 p9es1 _! :eels creak+ ov] ! slipp]y fall5 ne$les emb$d$ 9 ! s&2 :ile ! sett+ sun fell 9 hazy yell[ beams ?r\gh ! bru%wood1 mak+ ! crisp tree-tufts sp>kle l gre5 spun-glass1 & _! scaly trunks flu% rosy2 & ! /ormy sea ro>$ on ! s&s close by4 ,i ?9k y\r "y poet ought to be bir*$1 rem>k$ ,cyril2 & if any?+ c\ld add to my av]sion1 n = poetry1 b = ! poetic pr(ession1 ?is w\ld :i* y h j told me4 ,y see h[ "r ,i 0 9 say+ t ,i w\ld h m moral satisfaction 9 be+ a ,fr5* cook ?an 9 be+ a poet4 ,by no means1 answ]$ ,baldw94 ,9 ! fir/ place1 my "y poet ought n to be bir*$2 he ought to be made to reflect1 to ask himself s]i\sly & simply1 9 pla9 prose1 :at ideal ( life he has be5 sett+ be=e 8 read]s4 ,he ought to be %[n t a poet1 inasmu* z he is ! arti/ ^: mat]ial is human feel+ & action1 is n z free an arti/ z ! m]e pa9t]1 or sculptor1 or compos]2 he ought to be made to und]/& t n[-a-days1 :5 ! old rules ( conduct1 religi\s & social1 are = ev] be+ que/ion$1 e man :o writes ( human conduct is requir$1 is b\nd1 to h s\nd ideas on ! subject3 t1 because n[-a-days1 = bett] or = worse1 poetry is no long] ! irresponsible1 uncontroll$1 helt]-skelt] p]=mance ( =m] times1 b a v self-consci\s1 wide-awake1 delib]ate matt]1 x c d bo? mu* m h>m & mu* m good ?an x c\ld d be=e4 ,!y 7 sl[ly driv+ along ! bea*1 among ! /unt$ p9e %oots & ! r\gh grass & ! yell[ b9dwe$ half buri$ 9 ! s&1 & ! heaps ( sea-black5$ bran*es1 & bits ( wood & unc\? float+ rubbi% :i* ! waves _h deposit$1 ) a sort ( ironical regul>ity1 9 a neat b& ^u ! %ore2 d[n "h on ! coa/ ! /orm _h already brok51 & ! la/ ?9 ra9 0 /ill fall+1 dimpl+ ! grey s&4 ,! sun 0 j go+ to em]ge f amid/ ! ?ick blue-black /orm-cl\ds & desc5d into a cle> space1 l molt5 amb]1 above ! black1 :ite-cre/$1 ro>+ sea2 x desc5d$ sl[ly1 an imm5se pale lum9\s globe1 gild+ ! bord]s ( ! pil$-up cl\ds above x1 gild+ ! %e5 ( ! waves & ! wet s& ( ! %ore2 & z x desc5d$1 ! cl\ds ga!r$ above x into a va/ canopy1 a tawny orange diadem or reef ( peak$ vap\rs encircl+ ! liquid topaz 9 :i* ! sun mov$2 tawni] became ?is g>l&1 l>g] ! free sky1 r$d] ! black /orm masses above2 till at la/ ! r$d5+ rays ( ! sun enl>g$ & divid$ into imm5se beams ( rosy light1 cutt+ away ! d>k & leav+ uncov]$ a r5t ( pure/ blue4 ,at la/ ! yell[ globe t\*$ ! black l9e ( ! horizon1 gild+ ! wat]s2 !n sank beh9d x & disappe>$4 ,! wrea? ( vap\rs gl[$ gold51 ! pall ( heap$-up /orm-cl\ds flu%$ purple1 & bright yell[ ve9+s1 l filam5ts ( gold1 /reak$ ! pale amb] :]e ! sun _h disappe>$4 ,! amb] grew orange1 ! tawny purple1 ! purple a lurid r$1 z ( masses ( flame-lit smoke2 all ar\nd1 ! sky black5$1 until at la/ !re rema9$ only "o pile ( livid purple cl\ds hang+ ov] a /reak ( yell[ sky1 & gradually dy+ away into black1 ) b "h & !re a dea?-l rosy pat*1 mirror$ deadli] r$ 9 ! wet s& ( ! bea*4 ,! two fri5ds rema9$ sil5t1 l m5 li/5+ to ! la/ b>s1 roll+ out 9 broad succession ( massy1 gradually resolv+ *ords1 ( "s great requiem mass--sil5t ev5 = a :ile aft] all 0 ov]4 ,!n ,cyril ask$1 po9t+ to a r[ ( h\ses glimm]+ :ite along ! d>k l9es ( coa/1 bel[ ! great m>ble crags ( ,c>r>a1 ris+ dim 9 ! twilight-- ,is t ! place :]e my fri5ds w pick me up8 ,yes1 answ]$ ,baldw91 t's ! place4 ,y w be pick$ up !re if y *oose4 ,i mu/1 y "k4 ,& ,cyril look$ a/oni%$1 z if = ! fir/ "t x /ruck him t !re might be no mu/ 9 ! matt]4 ,i mu/--at lea/1 ,i suppose ,i ought to--g back to ,engl& ) !m4 ,y "k t be/1 repli$ ,baldw91 %ortly4 ,b be=e we get !re ,i want to f9i% :at we 7 say+ ab\t ! moral value ( poetry1 if y don't m9d4 ,i gave y ! in/ance ( ,:itman & ! my/ico-s5sual s*ool m]ely because x is "o ( ! mo/ evid5t2 b x is only "o ( _m ,i c\ld give y ( ! tru? ( :at ,i said1 t if a poet1 inasmu* z he is a poet1 has--:at ! pa9t]1 or sculptor1 or musician1 inasmu* z !y are su*1 h n--a ke5] s5se ( moral "r & wrong ?an o!r m51 x is because 8 art requires x4 ,consid] :at x is delib]ately to treat ( human "* & emotion & action2 consid] :at a /range *aos1 an (t5 inextricable confusion ( clean & f\l1 ( heal?y & pe/il5t1 y get among1 9 p5etrat+ into ! life ( ! human s\l2 consid] t ! poet mu/ pick 8 way ?r\gh all ?is1 amid/ v loa?some dang]s :i* he (t5 _c =esee2 & n alone1 b c>ry+ 9 8 moral arms ! s\l ( 8 read]--( ea* ( 8 ?\s&s ( read]s--a s\l :i*1 if he see n cle>ly 8 way1 if he miss 8 foot+1 or tread 9 ! s(t1 s9k+ soil 7s(t ) fil?y bogs71 may be bespatt]$ & soil$1 p]haps = ev]--may be suck$ into ! swamp pool or poison$ by ! swamp air2 & t he mu/ ?us c>ry1 n "o s\l1 b ?\s&s ( s\ls1 unkn[n to him--s\ls 9 _m cases weak1 sometimes already pr$ispos$ to "s loa?some moral malady1 & :i*1 by a c]ta9 am\nt ( contact ) :at to ! poet himself might be innocu\s1 may be condemn$ to life-long disease4 ,i d n ?9k t ! poet's object is to moralize mank9d2 b ,i ?9k t ! mat]ials ) :i* he mu/ "w are su* t1 :ile practis+ 8 art1 he may unconsci\sly d m mis*ief ?an all ! pr(ess$ morali/s 9 ,*ri/5dom c consci\sly d good4 ,! poet is ! arti/1 rememb]1 :o delib]ately *ooses z mat]ial = 8 art ! feel+s & actions ( man2 he is ! arti/ :o plays 8 melodies1 n on catgut /r+s or metal /ops1 b ^u human passions2 & ^: play+ t\*es n a m]e me*anism ( fibres & membranes l ! e>1 b ! human s\l1 :i* 9 its turn feels & acts2 he is ! arti/ :o1 if he blund]s1 does n m]ely fatigue a n]ve1 or p>alyze = a mom5t a physical s5se1 b injures ! :ole texture ( our sympa?ies & deaf5s our consci5ce4 ,& ,i ask y1 does su* an arti/1 play+ on su* an in/rum5t1 n require moral feel+ f> /rong] & ke5] ?an t ( any o!r man1 :o1 if he mi/ake evil = good1 injures only himself & ! few ar\nd him8 ,y h be5 d\bt+1 ,cyril1 :e!r poetry is suffici5t "w = a man :o feels ! diff]5ce betwe5 good & evil2 y might m wor?ily d\bt :e!r any man kn[s good f evil ) in/9ct sure en\gh to suffice him z a poet4 ,y ?\ght poetry morally bel[ y3 are y c]ta9 t y are morally up to its level8 ,cyril look$ vaguely ab\t him3 at ! black sea break+ on ! twilight s&s1 at ! d>k outl9e ( p9e-wood aga9/ ! pale sky1 at ! di/ant village lights--vaguely1 & z if he saw no?+ ( x all4 ,! damp sea breeze blew 9 _! faces1 ! waves moan$ sull5ly1 ! p9es creak$ 9 ! w9d2 ! moon1 hidd5 beh9d cl\ds1 sl[ly silv]$ into light _! loos]1 out] folds1 !n em]g$1 spread+ a broad :ite %e5 on ! s&s & ! wat]4 ,are y /ill too good = poetry8 ask$ ,baldw92 or--has poetry become too good = y8 ,i don't "k1 answ]$ ,cyril1 9 ! tone ( a man be=e ^: m5tal eyes ?+s are tak+ a new %ape4 ,i don't "k--p]haps4 ,,po/script ,,or ,,apology4 ,i h _h ! s5se t n[1 be=e ^! =ego+ pages be def9itely pr9t$--be=e :at h be5 liv+ ?\ghts & feel+s be irrevocably compos$ & /iff5$1 embalm$1 di/9ctly & unmi/akably prep>$ to la/1 z ?+s are p]mitt$ to la/1 only 9 dea?--,i h _h ! s5se t :ile yet ,i c1 ,i mu/ say "o or two m ?+s4 ,b n[1 ,i c sc>cely tell :y1 x seems to me z if !re c\ld by no means be any?+ to say4 ,x is a mood1 due to ! mom5t & place4 ,all ab\t me !re is broad1 sc>ce-flick]+ %ad[ on ! grass1 & /irr+ ( sunlit tree-tops & vague buzz+ ( bees 9 ! limes2 & across ! l[ ivi$ wall comes f ! black1 crumbly-/on$ *apel fa9t music ( organ & :ite-s\nd+ voices1 :i* swells & pi]ces ?r\gh ! sil5ce 7z a gre5 re$ bud swells & pi]ces its s(t scaly core7 & dies away1 mak+ y sudd5ly v consci\s ( twitt] ( sp>r[s & *uck+ ( jackdaws2 br++ sudd5ly close home to y1 ) ! sil5ce1 a s5se ( solid reality4 ,s1 in/ead ( say+ :at ,i wi%$1 x seems to me mo/ evid5t t !re is no?+ to say1 t !re sc>cely c\ld h be5 any?+ wor? say+4 ,x is en]vate1 ,i suppose2 b s x is4 ,i wond] h[ any "o c ev] h felt incl9$ to write ab\t art--h[ art c ev] h be5 wor? writ+ ab\t4 ,ev]y?+ ar\nd seems s incomp>ably m int]e/+ does x n1 ?an art2 s entirely beyond ! p[] ( writ+ to convey or imitate4 ,above1 high up1 !re are two great bran*es ( lime1 app>5tly pr9t$ di/9ctly on to ! pale blue sky1 black wood divid+ & subdivid+ & project+1 gre5 leaves & light yell[ blossom1 ! sun %9+ /raight ?r\gh2 x seems s simple4 ,b try & pa9t x3 ^? two bran*es1 :i* seem at fir/ s well-def9$1 s close toge!r1 s closely clapp$ aga9/ ! sky1 d y n[ see h[ f> ap>t !y really are1 h[ sep>at$ by a gulf ( lum9\s air1 h[ freely susp5d$1 pois$1 at inf9ite di/ance1 9 ! f> rec$+ pale blue2 ^? gre5 leaves & yell[ blossoms1 :i* are n gre5 nor yell[1 b some?+ %ad[y & at ! same "t lum9\s1 are cle>ly def9$ & yet undef9able2 ! sun%9e :i* we ?\ght at fir/ "o pla9 beam ( light is n[ a :ite1 vague %e51 a %imm]2 n[ "o light sp>k1 "o tremul\s /> betwe5 ! leaves1 or a wav+ network ( rays1 long1 !n %ort1 :ite1 col\r$1 iridesc5t1 %ak+1 %ift+1 danc+4 ,pa9t x1 describe x if y h a m9d to1 my fri5d ! poet1 my fri5d ! pa9t]2 ,i h n4 ,?is is "o ( ^? mom5ts :5 reality1 & ! enjoym5t !re(1 fill "o ) a s5se1 self-contemptu\s1 sceptical1 almo/ cynical1 & yet pleasureable & /oically self-flatt]+ 9 ! recognition ( our own importance1 a p]vad+ illogical s5se ( ! futility1 ! unreality1 ! museum-glass-case uselessness ( art4 ,x seems z if art 7 enjoy$ because x has be5 produc$1 n produc$ because x is to be enjoy$2 z if mank9d _h acquir$ an elaborate pleasure 9 its own works because !y are its own works2 z if all ( u1 in/ead ( passively receiv+ ! impression ( beauty 9 ! same way t we passively p]ceive ! ru/le ( ! bran*es1 ! twitt] ( ! birds1 ! light ^u ! grass1 our s\l /ay+ quietly1 z x 71 at home1 & receiv+ ^! ?+s z visits f nature2 w5t =?1 :5 art appeals to u1 on a sort ( j\rney or gr& t\r1 well provid$ ) guide-book k1 s*ool$ be=eh& :i* road to take1 :at turn+s ( feel+ to expect1 :at baggage ( poetic & hi/oric association to lug ) u1 :at little mole-hill em95ces ( ?\ght & feel+ to /& ^u1 morally on tiptoe1 look+ d[n ^u an arti/ic sc5e ^u :i* we h nev] be=e set eyes1 & :i* is yet z well-kn[n1 z dre>ily famili> to u z is ! inside ( our pocket4 ,su* is my pres5t mood2 fickle1 contradictory1 unwor?y1 slightly apo/atis+ & blasphem\s to my own deep] convictions1 to my own writt5 ideas1 y say2 y1 my fri5d1 ! poet1 :o insi/ ^u p be+ /eadfa/1 un*angeable 9 all _! feel+s1 because y poets keep y\r own moods q /eady1 z photograph]s keep _! victims1 until y h tak5 ! conc5trat$ lik5ess1 & c %ift y\r s\ls into ano!r equally /eadfa/1 un*angeable pose4 ,su* is my pres5t mood1 & y may call me :at names y please = hav+ x4 ,all t conc]ns me is t mo/ c]ta9ly ?is pres5t mood ( m9e happ5s to be ! "o1 ( all o!rs1 9 :i* ,i am lea/ likely to be able to mu/] up ^? two or ?ree rem>ks ^u art ) :i* ,i ought to conclude1 & f9ally despat* into ! limbo ( ?+s pr9t$ ?is collection ( /udies4 ,! ?+s mu/ be said4 ,if ,i c>ry my pap]s home1 sit d[n at my table1 fix my eyes ^u ! patt]n$ wall-pap]1 ,i %all1 9 all probability1 get back )9 five m9utes all t ! usual ideas1 ! usual feel+s ab\t art1 9 ! contemplation ( t patt]n$ blankness2 all t phantasmagoria ( art appreciation = :i* we c>ry all ! necess>y me*anism1 self-manufactur$ 7yet v neat7 out ( fragm5ts ( culture & philosophy1 9 a sort ( little travell+ case app5d$ to our s\l4 ,a fact ?is1 :i* is sugge/ive2 = does n our mod]n1 imag9ative appreciation ( art1 d n all ^? wondr\s beautiful & horrible dreams & nightm>es1 sugge/$ to u by a q pla9 & unsugge/ive picture1 /atue1 or piece ( music1 dep5d a little ^u our contemplation ( ! me?odical1 zig-zag & twirligig patt]n$ vacuity ( mod]n life8 ,= ,i suspect t1 9 =m] days 7,i confess ,i d n "k exactly :571 art may h be5 p]ceiv$ pretty mu* 9 ! same mann] 9 :i* we p]ceive nature3 t ! enjoy$ p]ception ( a beautiful /atue1 ( a picture1 ( a gr& song1 may h come int]rupt+1 ) pleasant int]ludes ( quiet self-unconsci\s pleasure1 ! matt]-(-fact1 b n monoton\s bus9ess ( life2 ev5 z my "w n[1 my consci5ti\s1 delib]ate1 attempt$ "w1 is = ev] be+ int]rupt$ by ! flick] ( ! lime-leaf %ad[s1 light & cle>1 on my pap]1 by ! breeze :i* sweeps ! bran*es & c>ries away ! dry+ manuscript on ! grass4 ,n[ x seems to me q evid5t t art _c be any su* ?+1 z long z its enjoym5t or suppos$ enjoym5t is a sort ( delib]ate m5tal gymna/ics1 :i* our desire = well-balanc$ activity1 or our wi% to display a c]ta9 unnecess>y gracefulness ( intellectual motions1 impose ^u u2 sett+ aside a c]ta9 portion ( our "t = c\nt]act+1 9 ! arti/ic gymnasiums 7r[s ( soap$ poles1 & hurdles1 & ladd]s1 & expanses ( padd$ floor1 q z unlike z may be f ! climbable trees & jumpable brooks :i* we ought to meet 9 our walks71 call$ gall]ies1 conc]ts1 etc41 ! direful slack5+ ( our muscles & /iff5+ ( our jo9ts1 almo/ inevitable 9 our cramp$ intellectual %op life ( to-day4 ,we wri!1 cl++ ) arms & legs1 up ! soap$ poles ( /hetic feel+1 slipp+ & ris+ aga91 /ra9+ & twi/+1 to plop d[n at la/ on to ! padd+ & ! sawdu/2 we dangle1 ) con/ra9$ grace1 high 9 /hetic contemplation1 fly+1 ) a clut*+ sw+1 f idea to idea3 di/ant1 oscillat+ 9 mid air1 l s _m trapeze acrobats2 & !n we ?9k t an h\r or s1 e n[ & !n1 ( su* ex]cise is all 7except brutal slumb]7 t c be requir$ z repose 9 our intellectual life4 ,= we are all ( u gett+ m & m into ! habit ( enjoy+1 n s mu* art1 z ! feel+s & ?\ghts1 ! !ories & passions1 = :i* we make x ! excuse4 ,nay1 y w say y y\rself h writt51 are pr9t+1 correct+1 & publi%+ a :ole volume ( :ims & ideas ab\t art1 y y\rself are = ev] !oris+ & becom+ angry on ! subject--:at "r h y to object !reto 9 o!rs8 ,none1 p]haps2 ,i h nev] pret5d$ t ,i am n z bad z my neighb\rs2 b ! :ole gi/ ( ^! my !oris+s is t p %\ld try & take art m simply ?an !y d2 t1 if n call$ ^u to try & p]suade o!rs to simpl] c\rses1 !y %\ld n !orise !mselves4 ,by !oris+1 ,i mean1 incorrectly p]haps1 all mann] ( irrelevant fanta/icat+1 :e!r x take ! %ape ( seek+ 9 art = hidd5 psy*ological mean+s or moral values1 or ( us+ art m]ely z a sugge/ion ( images & emotions1 ! p]ception ( :i* infallibly int]f]es )1 & sometimes entirely replaces1 ! p]ception ( ! art itself4 ,to y1 ,i "k1 all t ,i h writt5 seems extremely n>r[1 seems to limit excessively ! p[]s ( art1 ! enjoym5ts we c d]ive !refrom4 ,b ,i ?9k o!rwise2 ,i und]/& fully t1 9 ! fir/ place1 !re is includ$1 "u ! g5]al "n ( art1 ! result ( ev] s _m intellectual activities3 activities ( m]e psy*ological p]ception1 ( m]e me*anical imitation & h&l+1 :i*1 ?\gh belong+ q equally to o!r conc]ns1 su* z sci5ce or h&icraft1 are yet pleasurable bo? to him :o ex]ts & to him :o p]ceives !m2 ,i und]/& t !re are s _m diff]5t sorts ( pictures1 /atues1 & poems1 & s _m diff]5t k9ds ( m9ds to see & read !m2 ,i see t s _m que/ions ( m5tal & physical :y & h[ are connect$ ) e sort ( visible or audible ?+1 t !re is no?+1 h[ev] utt]ly bad & idiotic & abortive1 among ! productions ( mank9d 7&1 consequ5tly1 among ! ?+s call$ works ( art71 out ( :i* "s sort ( intellect may n d]ive v ke5 enjoym5t4 ,! enjoym5t1 h[ev]1 may be m]ely simil> to t ) :i* a physiologi/ /udies a disease1 or a psy*ologi/ a =m ( vice2 &1 to my m9d1 ?is sort ( enjoym5t1 :i* does n dep5d ^u any p]ception ( beauty1 is no m arti/ic ?an w\ld be t ( su* m5 ( sci5ce4 ,& my wi% is m]ely t su* pleasure be n sub/itut$ :]e !re is an object to af=d1 or a m9d to receive1 ! m]e simple1 hone/ pleasure 9 beauty4 ,moreov]1 ) reg>d to y\r imputation ( n>r[ness1 ,i ?9k1 on ! contr>y1 t1 c\ld we break ourselves ( our habit ( replac+ or alloy+ real arti/ic int]e/s ) irrelevant matt]s1 we %\ld 7& ?is is to my m9d a great reason = s do+7 be ridd+ ourselves ( a great numb] ( imag9>y re/rictions to our enjoym5t4 ,= 9 _m1 nay1 mo/ arti/ic ?+s !re is1 9 great] or less degree1 beauty & enjoyabl5ess2 nor %\ld we always despise ! less1 s9ce we _c always obta9 ! great]4 ,i d n mean t all art is equally valuable2 su* intellectual democracy1 ,walt4 ,:itmani% ass]tion ( ! equality ( body & s\l1 good & evil1 high & l[1 be+ j ! mo/ brutal rob-,pet]-to-pay-,paul di%one/y t ,i "k2 b ,i ?9k t 9 mo/ art !re is some?+ valuable1 & t we ought to make ! mo/ ( x1 & d\btless %\ld1 did n our et]nal !oris+ int]f]e1 ) its arbitr>y /&>d & requirem5ts4 ,7 we guid$ solely by our feel+s1 we %\ld n be a%am$ ( tak+ a c]ta9 pleasure 9 ! half-dapp]1 half-grotesque /one nymphs & tritons1 ) gold5-li*5$ tresses & be>ds ( gre5 pond ooze1 :o smirk among ! ill-clipp$ h$ges1 & puff at _! horns among ! flags & lilies ( e ab&on$ ,pr9ce-,bi%op or ,m>grave's g>d51 :]e ! apricots rip5 aga9/ ! palace wall1 & ! old portraits fade beh9d ! bli/]$ palace %utt]s2 we %\ld n be a%am$ ( be+ j a little ! bett] pleas$ = "s common dance tune1 he>d vaguely1 & betwe5 our "w1 f ! neighb\r+ h\ses2 we %\ld n be a%am$ ( lik+ our village *ur* all ! m = ! atroci\s /a9$ glass :i* we h decri$ z v&alism1 :5 ! sunlight falls rosy1 & gold51 & gre51 ?r\gh its mon/rosities on to ! extremely *a/e1 b excessively dre>y1 grey ar*es & pill>s4 ,we %\ld n be s hypocritical to ourselves1 s exclusive 9 our adoration ( only ! be/ pictures1 & /atues1 & music1 to appreciate rightly ^: great m]it we ought 7b d n71 to appreciate also ! small1 m appreciable m]it ( ! less p]fect ?+s ( art4 ,:51 in/ead ( enjoy+1 we fanta/icate 9 !ory1 we n only remove a proportion ( our att5tion f ! "w 9 h&1 b also exclude ourselves f gett+ ! good we might f o!r ?+s2 "o man w positively :ip 8 s\l out ( enjoy+ ! sweet solemnity ( ,claude's sea sunsets1 ! trag$y pomp ( ,p\ss9's black ru/l+ ilex-groves1 & om9\s gre5 ev5+ skies1 because he seeks 9 pa9t+ a moral s9c]ity :i* is incompatible ) a false %ad[ or a lumpi%ly r5d]$ cl\d4 ,ano!r man ?9ks music ought to be ! expression ( dramatic passion1 & closes 8 e>s to ! spl5d\rs ( poor ,ross9i's vocal arabesques1 !ory-bl9d$ to ! s5se t ! p[]s ( creat+ beauty ( ! compos] ( ,tri/ram1 is aft] all ak9 to ! beauty mak+ g5ius ( ! compos] ( ,semiramis4 ,mean:ile1 he :o m]ely enjoys is able to enjoy2 is able 7oh wond] ( wond]s7 to be :at ! man ( !ories nev] c be3 j1 because he c be grateful = e am\nt ( be/[$ good4 ,!re is ano!r objection :i* y may make1 :i* 7?\gh p]haps un=mulat$7 y c]ta9ly w feel1 aga9/ me & my book4 ,y h an uncom=table s5se t 9 "s way1 al?\gh our arti/ic life may ga91 a c]ta9 am\nt ( life :i* goes on 9 or ab\t art--we d n cle>ly "k :i*--is be+ cramp$3 a life ( ! fancy & feel+s1 :i* weave betwe5 ourselves & ! ?+s :i* surr\nd u & ! ?+s :i* are abs5t1 betwe5 ! pres5t mom5t & ! long-gone pa/1 /range cross$ & recross$ ?reads1 webs ( association1 inf9itely f9e1 iridesc5tly connect$ by almo/ invisible filam5ts1 float+ & oscillat+ 9 ! vacuum ( our lives1 = ev] *ang+1 break+2 reknott+ _! s5sitive filam5ts4 ,= 9 mo/ ( ! ?+s :i* we see & he> ) free1 unpractical m9d 9 ! mom5ts :5 we belong to ourselves & to ! pres5t1 !re exi/s a capacity = importance1 nay = fasc9ation1 q indep5d5t ( beauty & ( ! pleasures :i* beauty c give4 ,!re is 9 su* ?+s m ?an :at !y c give alike to e "o2 !re is also :at !y c give to ea* sep>ate2 !y h1 besides ! cle> language ( =m1 :i* is equally intelligible to all m51 a half articulate language = e individual man1 a language ( associations1 vague1 poor1 if y w1 brok5 by some?+ :i* might be a laugh or a sob2 an imp]fect irrational language1 :i* is yet1 ev5 :5 spok5 by "s trifl+ ?+1 by a b> or two ( trivial melody1 by a door su* z we h _m times pass$ ?r\gh1 or a *air su* z we h look$ at :5 n1 z n[1 empty2 by a m]e sc5t or t\*2 is yet1 ?is mumble-jumble language1 m de> to u ?an all ! eloqu5ce & poetry :i* our s\l he>s f a great "w ( art4 ,i grant y all ?is4 ,b ,i d n ?9k t su* ?+s ne$ be int]f]$ ) by look+ at art simply & ) /raight=w>dness2 int]f]$ ) !y _c be4 ,nor c\ld ,i wi% x to be o!rwise4 ,= 9 "s ways ,i d ?9k t almo/ bett] ?an ! m]e p]ception ( ! "w ( ano!r1 ?an ! m]e p]ception ( /atue or picture or poem1 is ?is evolv+ f out ( ourselves ( vague beauty & goodness3 our fancy & our feel+s d n create any?+ endur+1 b !y are active1 !y create4 ,y arti/s1 y poets mu/ be broad awake1 = y c & are b\nd to give to u ! sob] realities ( beauty2 b we :o _c1 we c yet sometimes dream1 if b = a mom5t1 ( an intangible1 vague fairyl&2 & ( ?is we mu/ n be *eat$4 ,out ( ! brok51 fragm5t>y realities ( life !re mu/ arise1 ev] & aga9 = all ( u1 /range involunt>y visions1 :i* h great] p[] ov] u1 m *>m = u1 ?an all ! art 9 ! _w4 ,& ( su* ?+s art has no "r to be jeal\s2 !y are beyond x4 ,& ?us1 ,i w confess to y1 z ,i fa/5 toge!r ^! la/ pages ( my book1 & rise f ! grass1 s]e 9 ! sun%9e1 & spr9kl$ ) daisies 9 ! %ad[ ( ea* tree1 ,i w confess to y t m ne>ly appeal+ to me1 de>] also1 ?an antique bas-relief or song ( ,moz>t1 has be5 ! vague remembrance1 evok$ by trivial ^w or sight1 ( t e>ly w9t] aft]noon on ! ilex gird$ battlem5ts ( ,belc>o1 look+ d[n ^u ! s]e oak-woods1 flu%$ by ! l[ sun1 ^u ! hazy olive slopes & walls & t[]s ( ,si5a4 ,&1 moreov]1 ,i w ev5 confess 7z sev]e/ self-*a/isem5t to a writ] on art1 z complete expiation ( /hetic dogmatism & fanta/ications71 :ile we walk across ! w>m grass & out ?r\gh ! l[ ar*way ( black & flakewise crumbl+ /one1 t ,i =esee t _m a "t 9 ! future !re w arise betwe5 me & ! fresco or picture at :i* ,i am look+1 a vision ( ?is old _w g>d51 ( ! ivi$ *apel buttress1 ! fl[]+ lime1 ! daisi$ grass1 ! copp] bee* leaves1 ruddy & diaphan\s1 aga9/ ! pale1 moi/ ,engli% sky2 t1 sometimes1 !re w come into my head some?+--some?+ ill-def9$1 pleasurable1 pa9ful--:i* w make me read only ) my eyes2 :i* w make me 7wor/ humiliation7 lose ! ?read ( my !ories1 ( my ?\ghts1 ( my s5t5ce4 ,&1 aft] ?is confession1 ,i ?9k ,i c say no m4 ,,ox=d1 ,july #ba1 #ahha4 ,s4 ,c[an & ,co41 ,/ra?more ,press1 ,p]?4 ,,transcrib]',s ,,note ,9 a v few cases1 miss+ punctuation has be5 add$1 ma9ly full /ops4 ,obvi\s typographical errors h be5 correct$4 ,on ! :ole1 ,v]non ,lee's quirky spell+s h be5 reta9$2 !y include1 b are n limit$ to1 words l spirt1 f]ett+1 dev9e1 *>nal1 lang\r1 irridesc5t1 cr5elat$1 crot*etty1 tomatos1 boddices1 putrify+1 braggadoccio1 ,monna ,lisa1 trellise1 ,lion>do1 ,lor5zo dei ,m$ici4 ,! foll[+ *anges 7 made to ! text3 /atutes became /atues 9 ! s5t5ce3 ,:at l are ^! /atues8 ,! "n ,wohlgemu? 0 misspell$ z ,wohlgem? & has be5 correct$2 simil>ly1 ,walprgisna*t 0 *ang$ to ,walpurgisna*t4 ,a sup]flu\s or 0 delet$ f ! phrase m or or less 9 ! passage3 74447he %\ld inv5t a m or less casui/ic reason 74447 ,a quotation f ,goe!'s play ,torquato ,tasso 0 correct$ 9 keep+ ) ! ,g]man orig9al4 ,lee quotes x z foll[s1 presumably f memory3 ',ni*t alles di5et uns auf glei*] ,weise3 ,w] viel gebrau*5 w1 gebrau*e j$es ,na* se9] ,art3 s i/ er wohl b$i5t4'