,,folk-,,lore ,,( ,,%akespe>e ,,by ,,! ,,rev4 ,t4 ,f4 ,,?iselton ,,dy]1 ,m4,a4 ,,oxon4 ,,au?or ,,( ,,briti% ,,popul> ,,cu/oms1 ,,pa/ ,,& ,,pres5t1 ,,etc4 ,,new ,,york ,,h>p] ,,bro!rs1 ,,frankl9 ,,squ>e #ahhd ,,preface4 ,x w\ld be difficult to ov]e/imate ! value :i* mu/ be atta*$ to ! plays ( ,%akespe>e 9 connection ) ! social life ( ! ,elizabe?an age4 ,possess$ ( a ri* treasury ( k ( a mo/ v>i$ k9d1 mu* ( :i* he may be said to h pick$ up almo/ intuitively1 he embelli%$ 8 writ+s ) a *oice /ore ( illu/rations descriptive ( ! p]iod 9 :i* he liv$4 ,ap>t1 too1 f 8 copi\s ref]5ces to ! mann]s & cu/oms ( ! "t1 he seems to h _h n only a wide k ( _m te*nical subjects1 b also an intimate acqua9tance ) ! folk-lore ( bygone days4 ,h[ f> ?is 0 ! case may be ga!r$ f ! foll[+ pages1 9 :i* are collect$ & gr\p$ toge!r1 z f> z arrangem5t w\ld p]mit1 ! v>i\s subjects relat+ to ?is int]e/+ & popul> bran* ( our dome/ic hi/ory4 ,x only rema9s = me to add t ! edition ( ! poet's plays made use ( is ! ,globe1 publi%$ by ,messrs4 ,macmillan4 ,t4 ,f4 ,,?iselton ,,dy]4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,*ap4 ,,page4 ,i4 ,,fairies #a ,,ii4 ,,wit*es #be ,,iii4 ,,gho/s #dc ,,iv4 ,,demonology ,,& ,,devil-,,lore #eb ,v4 ,,natural ,,ph5om5a #fb ,,vi4 ,,birds #ig ,,vii4 ,,animals #afa ,,viii4 ,,plants #bja ,,ix4 ,,insects ,,& ,,reptiles #bej ,x4 ,,folk-,,m$ic9e #bfd ,,xi4 ,,cu/oms ,,connect$ ,,) ,,! ,,cal5d> #bif ,,xii4 ,,bir? ,,& ,,baptism #ccb ,,xiii4 ,,m>riage #cdb ,,xiv4 ,,dea? ,,& ,,burial #cfb ,,xv4 ,,r+s ,,& ,,preci\s ,,/ones #chf ,,xvi4 ,,sports ,,& ,,pa/imes #cid ,,xvii4 ,,dances #dbd ,,xviii4 ,,puni%m5ts #dcc ,,xix4 ,,prov]bs #ddd ,,xx4 ,,human ,,body #dge ,,xxi4 ,,fi%es #dig ,,xxii4 ,,sundry ,,sup]/itions #eje ,,xxiii4 ,,miscellane\s ,,cu/oms1 ,,etc4 #eba ,,index #edi ,,folk-,,lore ,,( ,,%akespe>e4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,fairies4 ,! weal? ( ,%akespe>e's luxuriant imag9ation & gl[+ language seems to h be5 p\r$ =? 9 ! graphic acc\nts :i* he has giv5 u ( ! fairy tribe4 ,inde$1 ! pr(usion ( poetic imag]y ) :i* he has s ri*ly clad 8 fairy *>act]s is unrivall$1 & ! ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream holds a unique position 9 s f> z x conta9s ! f9e/ mod]n arti/ic realization ( ! fairy k+dom4 ,mr4 ,d[d51 9 8 ,%aksp]e ,prim] 7#ahgg1 pp4 #ga1 #gb7 ju/ly rem>ks3 ,z ! two extremes ( exquisite delicacy1 ( da9ty elegance1 &1 on ! o!r h&1 ( ?ick-witt$ grossness & clums9ess1 /& ! fairy tribe & ! gr\p ( ,a!nian h&icraftsm54 ,! _w ( ! poet's dream includes ! two--a ,titania1 & a ,bottom ! weav]--& c br+ !m into grotesque conjunction4 ,no su* fairy poetry exi/$ any:]e 9 ,engli% lit]ature be=e ,%aksp]e4 ,! t9y elves1 to :om a c[slip is tall1 = :om ! ?ird "p ( a m9ute is an important division ( "t1 h a m9iature p]fection :i* is *>m+4 ,!y delight 9 all beautiful & da9ty ?+s1 & w> ) ?+s t creep & ?+s t fly1 if !y be uncomely2 _! lives are gay ) f9e frolic & delicate revelry4 ,puck1 ! je/] ( fairyl&1 /&s ap>t f ! re/1 ! recognizable lob ( spirits1 a r\gh1 fawn-fac$1 %ock-pat$ little fell[1 da9ty-limb$ %apes ar\nd him4 ,judg+1 !n1 f ! elaborate acc\nt :i* ! poet has bequea!d u ( ! fairies1 x is evid5t t ! subject 0 "o 9 :i* he took a special int]e/4 ,inde$1 ! graphic pictures he has h&$ d[n to u ( ,elves ( hills1 brooks1 /&+ lakes & groves2 ,& ye1 t on ! s&s ) pr9tless foot1 ,d *ase ! ebb+ ,neptune1 & d fly him ,:5 he comes back2 y demy-puppets t ,by moon%9e d ! gre5-s\r r+lets make ,:]e( ! ewe n bites1 etc41 %[ h[ intimately he 0 acqua9t$ ) ! hi/ory ( ^! little p1 & :at a complete k he possess$ ( ! sup]/iti\s fancies :i* _h clu/]$ r\nd !m4 ,9 ,%akespe>e's day1 too1 x mu/ be rememb]$1 fairies 7 mu* 9 fa%ion2 &1 z ,johnson rem>ks1 common tradition _h made !m famili>4 ,x has also be5 obs]v$ t1 well acqua9t$1 f ! rural habits ( 8 e>ly life1 ) ! notions ( ! peasantry respect+ ^! be+s1 he saw t !y 7 capable ( be+ appli$ to a production ( a species ( ! wond]ful4 ,h5ce1 z ,mr4 ,halliwell-,phillipps#a has s aptly writt51 he f\nd$ 8 elf9 _w on ! prettie/ ( ! p's traditions1 & has clo!d x 9 ! ev]-liv+ fl[]s ( 8 own exub]ant fancy4 ,ref]r+ to ! fairy my?ology 9 ! ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream1 x is describ$ by ,mr4 ,keightley#b z an attempt to bl5d ! elves ( ! village ) ! fays ( romance4 ,8 fairies agree ) ! =m] 9 _! dim9utive /ature--dim9i%$1 inde$1 to dim5sions inappreciable by village gossips--9 _! fondness = danc+1 _! love ( cleanl9ess1 & _! *ild-ab/ract+ prop5sities4 ,l ! fays1 !y =m a community1 rul$ ov] by ! pr9cely ,ob]on & ! fair ,titania4 ,!re is a c\rt & *ivalry2 ,ob]on w\ld h ! que5's sweet *angel+ to be a knight ( 8 tra91 to trace ! =e/s wild4 ,l e>?ly mon>*s1 he has 8 je/]1 t %rewd & knavi% sprite call$ ,rob9 ,goodfell[4 #a ,illu/rations ( ! ,fairy ,my?ology ( ',a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream1' #ahde1 p4 xiii4 #b ,fairy ,my?ology1 p4 #cbe4 ,( ! fairy *>act]s treat$ by ,%akespe>e may be m5tion$ ,ob]on1 k+ ( fairyl&1 & ,titania1 8 que54 ,!y are repres5t$ z keep+ rival c\rts 9 consequ5ce ( a qu>rel1 ! cause ( :i* is ?us told by ,puck 7,midsumm]-,night's ,dream1 ii4 #a73 ,! k+ do? keep 8 revels "h to-night3 ,take he$ ! que5 come n )9 8 sight2 ,= ,ob]on is pass+ fell & wra?1 ,because t %e z h] att5dant ha? ,a lovely boy1 /ol5 f an ,indian k+2 ,%e nev] _h s sweet a *angel+2 ,& jeal\s ,ob]on w\ld h ! *ild ,knight ( 8 tra91 to trace ! =e/s wild2 ,b %e p]=ce )holds ! lov$ boy1 ,cr[ns him ) fl[]s & makes him all h] joy2 ,& n[ !y nev] meet 9 grove or gre51 ,by f\nta9 cle>1 or spangl$ />light %e51 etc4 ,ob]on fir/ appe>s 9 ! old ,fr5* romance ( ,huon de ,b\rdeaux1 & is id5tical ) ,elb]i*1 ! dw>f k+ ( ! ,g]man /ory ( ,otuit 9 ! ,held5bu*4 ,! "n ,elb]i*1 or1 z x appe>s 9 ! ,nibelung5li$1 ,albri*1 0 *ang$1 9 pass+ into ,fr5*1 fir/ into ,aub]i*1 !n into ,aub]on1 & f9ally became our ,ob]on4 ,he is introduc$ by ,sp5s] 9 ! ,fairy ,que5 7book ii4 cant4 i4 /4 #f71 :]e he describes ,sir ,guyon3 ,well c\ld he t\rnay1 & 9 li/s debate1 ,& knigh?ood tooke ( good ,sir ,huon's h&1 ,:5 ) ,k+ ,ob]on he came to fa]y l&4 ,& 9 ! t5? canto ( ! same book 7/anza #ge7 he is ! allegorical repres5tative ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 ,! wise ,elficleos left two sons1 ( :i* faire ,elf]on1 ,! elde/ bro!r1 did untimely dy2 ,^: emptie place ! mightie ,ob]on ,d\bly supplide1 9 sp\sall & dom9ion4 ,oboram1 ,k+ ( ,fay]ies1 is "o ( ! *>act]s 9 ,gre5e's ,james ! ,f\r?4#c #c ,aldis ,wright's ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream1 #ahgg1 ,preface1 pp4 xv41 xvi42 ,ritson's ,fairy ,my?ology1 #ahge1 pp4 #bb1 #bc4 ,! "n ,titania = ! que5 ( ! fairies appe>s to h be5 ! inv5tion ( ,%akespe>e1 =1 z ,mr4 ,ritson#d rem>ks1 %e is n s call$ by any o!r writ]4 ,:y1 h[ev]1 ! poet designat$ h] by ?is title1 pres5ts1 accord+ to ,mr4 ,keightley1#e no difficulty4 ,x 01 he says1 ! belief ( ^? days t ! fairies 7 ! same z ! classic nymphs1 ! att5dants ( ,diana4 ,! fairy que5 0 !re=e ! same z ,diana1 :om ,ovid 7,met4 iii4 #agc7 /yles ,titania4 ,9 ,*auc]'s ,m]*ant's ,tale ,pluto is ! k+ ( fa]ie1 & 8 que51 ,pros]p9a1 :o danc$ & sang ab\t ! well "u ! laurel 9 ,janu>y's g>d54#f #d ,essay on ,fairies 9 ,fairy ,my?ology ( ,%akspe>e1 p4 #bc4 #e ,fairy ,my?ology1 #ahgh1 p4 #cbe4 #f ,notes to ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream1 by ,aldis ,wright1 #ahgg1 ,preface1 p4 xvi4 ,9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #d7 %e is kn[n by ! m famili> appellation1 ,que5 ,mab4 ,i dream'd a dream to-night1 says ,romeo1 :]eupon ,m]cutio replies1 9 t well-kn[n fam\s passage-- ,o1 !n1 ,i see ,que5 ,mab ha? be5 ) y1 ?is be+ ! e>lie/ in/ance 9 :i* ,mab is us$ to designate ! fairy que54 ,mr4 ,?oms#g ?9ks t ! orig9 ( ?is "n is to be f\nd 9 ! ,celtic1 & t x conta9s a di/9ct allusion to ! dim9utive =m ( ! elf9 sov]eign4 ,mab1 bo? 9 ,wel% & 9 ! k9dr$ dialects ( ,brittany1 signifies a *ild or infant1 & h5ce x is a befitt+ epi!t to "o :o comes ,9 %ape no bigg] ?an an agate-/one ,on ! =e-f+] ( an ald]man4 ,mr4 ,keightley sugge/s t ,mab may be a contraction ( ,habundia1 :o1 ,heywood says1 rul$ ov] ! fairies2 & ano!r d]ivation is f ,mabel1 ( :i* ,mab is an abbreviation4 #g ,?ree ,notelets on ,%akespe>e1 pp4 #ajj-ajg4 ,among ! ref]5ces to ,que5 ,mab we may m5tion ,drayton's ,nymphidia3 ,h5ce ,ob]on1 him sport to make 7,_! re/ :5 we>y mortals take1 ,& none b only fairies wake71 ,desc5de? = 8 pleasure3 ,& ,mab1 8 m]ry que51 by night ,be/rides "y folks t lie upright1 etc4 ,b5 ,jonson1 9 8 ,ent]ta9m5t ( ! ,que5 & ,pr9ce at ,al?rope1 9 #afjc1 describes z tripp+ up ! lawn a bevy ( fairies1 att5d+ on ,mab1 _! que51 :o1 fall+ into an artificial r+ t !re 0 cut 9 ! pa?1 began to dance ar\nd4 ,9 ! same masque ! que5 is ?us *>act]iz$ by a satyr4 ,?is is ,mab1 ! mi/ress fairy1 ,t do? nightly rob ! dairy1 ,& c help or hurt ! *]n+ ,z %e please1 )\t disc]n+1 etc4 ,l ,puck1 ,%akespe>e has inve/$ ,que5 ,mab ) mis*iev\s prop]ties1 :i* id5tify h] ) ! night hag ( popul> sup]/ition1 & %e is repres5t$ z ,platt+ ! manes ( horses 9 ! night4 ,! m]ry ,puck1 :o is s prom95t an actor 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream1 is ! mis*ief-lov+ sprite1 ! je/] ( ! fairy c\rt1 ^: *>act]i/ics are rogu]y & sportiv5ess4 ,9 8 description ( him1 ,%akespe>e1 z ,mr4 ,?oms po9ts out1 has embodi$ almo/ e attribute ) :i* ! imag9ation ( ! p has inve/$ ! fairy race2 & has nei!r omitt$ "o trait necess>y to give brilliancy & di/9ctness to ! lik5ess1 nor s\ght to height5 its effect by ! slighte/ exagg]ation4 ,=1 c>efully & elaborately z he has f9i%$ ! picture1 he has n 9 x inve/$ ! 'lob ( spirits' ) "o gift or quality :i* ! popul> voice ( ! age 0 n unanim\s 9 be/[+ ^u him4 ,?us 7ii4 #a7 ! fairy says3 ,ei!r ,i mi/ake y\r %ape & mak+ q1 ,or else y are t %rewd & knavi% sprite1 ,call'd ,rob9 ,goodfell[3 are y n he ,t frights ! maid5s ( ! villag]y2 ,skim milk2 & sometimes lab\r 9 ! qu]n1 ,& bootless make ! brea?less h\sewife *urn2 ,& sometime make ! dr9k to be> no b>m2 ,mislead night-w&]]s1 laugh+ at _! h>m8 ,^? t ,hobgobl9 call y1 & sweet ,puck1 ,y d _! "w1 & !y %all h good luck3 ,are n y he8 ,! "n ,puck 0 =m]ly appli$ to ! :ole race ( fairies1 & n to any individual sprite--puck1 or p\ke1 be+ an old ^w = devil1 9 :i* s5se x is us$ 9 ! ,vision ( ,pi]s ,pl[man3 ,out ( ! p\kes pondfold ,no maynprise may u fec*e4 ,! ,icel&ic puki is ! same ^w1 & 9 ,friesl& & ,jutl& ! dome/ic _s is call$ ,puk by ! peasantry4 ,9 ,devon%ire1 ,piskey is ! "n = a fairy1 ) :i* we may comp>e ! ,corni% ,pixey4 ,9 ,worce/]%ire1 too1 we read h[ ! peasantry are occasionally poake-l$d51 t is1 misl$ by a mis*iev\s _s call$ poake4 ,&1 accord+ to ,grose's ,prov9cial ,gloss>y1 9 ,hamp%ire !y give ! "n ( ,colt-pixey to a suppos$ _s or fairy1 :i*1 9 ! %ape ( a horse1 neighs1 & misleads horses into bogs4 ,! ,iri%1 aga91 h _! ,pooka1#h & ! ,wel% _! ,pwcca--bo? words d]iv$ f ,p\ke or ,puck4 ,mr4 ,keightley#i ?9ks1 also1 t ! ,scotti% pawkey1 sly1 kn[+1 may belong to ! same li/ ( words4 ,x is evid5t1 !n1 t ! t]m ,puck 0 9 bygone ye>s ext5sively appli$ to ! fairy race1 an appellation /ill f\nd 9 ! we/ ( ,engl&4 ,ref]r+ to its use 9 ,wales1 !re is a ,wel% tradition to ! effect t ,%akespe>e receiv$ 8 k ( ! ,cambrian fairies f 8 fri5d ,ri*>d ,price1 son ( ,sir ,john ,price1 ( ! ,priory ( ,brecon4 ,x is ev5 claim$ t ,cwm ,pwcca1 or ,puck ,valley1 a "p ( ! romantic gl5 ( ! ,clyda*1 9 ,brecon%ire1 is ! orig9al sc5e ( ! ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream4#aj #h ,see ,crok]'s ,fairy ,leg5ds ( ,s\? ( ,irel&1 #ahfb1 p4 #ace4 #i ,fairy ,my?ology1 #ahgh1 p4 #caf4 #aj ,wirt ,sikes's ,briti% ,gobl9s1 #ahhj1 p4 #bj4 ,ano!r ( ,puck's names 0 ,rob9 ,goodfell[1 & "o ( ! mo/ valuable illu/rations we h ( ! ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream is a black-lett] tract publi%$ 9 ,london1 #afbh1 "u ! title ( ,rob9 ,goodfell[3 ,8 ,mad ,pranks1 & ,m]ry ,je/s1 full ( hone/ mir?1 & is a fit m$ic9e = melan*oly4#aa ,mr4 ,halliwell-,phillipps1#ab speak+ ( ,rob9 ,goodfell[1 says1 !re c be no d\bt t 9 ! "t ( ,%akespe>e ! fairies held a m prom95t position 9 our popul> lit]ature ?an c be n[ conclud$ f ! pieces on ! subject t h desc5d$ to u4 ,! au?or ( ,t>lton's ,news out ( ,purgatory1 pr9t$ 9 #aeij1 assures u t ,rob9 ,goodfell[ 0 famos$ 9 e old wives *ronicle = 8 mad m]ry pranks2 & we le>n f ,h5sl[e's ,di>y t ,*ettle 0 ! writ] ( a drama on ! adv5tures ( t m]ry w&]] ( ! night4 ,^! h disappe>$2 & "t has dealt s h>%ly ) ! memory ( poor ,rob9 t we might almo/ imag9e 8 _s 0 /ill lead+ u a/ray ov] massive volumes ( antiquity1 9 a delusive se>* aft] docum5ts =ev] lo/2 or1 r1 p]haps1 x is 8 puni%m5t = ! useless j\rneys he has giv5 our ance/ors1 mislead+ night-w&]]s1 & laugh+ at _! h>m4#ac ,he is m5tion$ by ,drayton 9 8 ,nymphidia3 ,he meete? ,puck1 :i* mo/ m5 call ,hob-gobl91 & on him do? fall1 etc41 hob be+ ! famili> or dim9utive =m ( ,rob]t & ,rob91 s t ,hobgobl9 is equival5t to ,rob9 ! ,gobl94 i4 e41 ,rob9 ,goodfell[4#ad ,burton1 9 8 ,anatomy ( ,melan*oly1 alludes to him ?us3 ,a bigg] k9de !re is ( !m1 call$ ) u hobgobl9s & ,rob9 ,goodfell[s1 t w\ld1 9 sup]/iti\s times1 gr9de corne = a mess ( milk1 cut wood1 or d any mann] ( drudg]y "w4 ,"u 8 "n ( ,rob9 ,goodfell[1 ,puck is well *>act]iz$ 9 ,jonson's masque ( ,love ,re/or$4#ae #aa ,?is is repr9t$ 9 ,hazlitt's ,fairy ,tales1 ,leg5ds1 & ,romances1 illu/rat+ ,%akespe>e & o!r ,engli% ,writ]s1 #ahge1 p4 #agc4 #ab ,illu/rations ( ! ,fairy ,my?ology ( ! ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream1 pr9t$ = ! ,%akespe>e ,society1 p4 viii4 #ac ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #ejh-eab4 #ad ,?oms's ,?ree ,notelets on ,%akespe>e1 p4 #hh4 #ae ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #fie4 ,ano!r epi!t appli$ to ,puck is ,lob1 z 9 ! ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #a71 :]e he is address$ by ! fairy z ,?\ lob ( spirits4#af ,) ?is we may comp>e ! lubb]-fi5d ( ,milton1 & ! foll[+ 9 ,beaumont & ,flet*]'s ,knight ( ! ,burn+ ,pe/le 7iii4 #d73 ,!re is a pretty tale ( a wit* t _h ! devil's m>k ab\t h]1 t _h a giant to be h] son1 t 0 call$ ,lob-lye-by-!-,fire4 ,grimm#ag m5tions a _s1 nam$ ! ,good ,lubb]1 to :om ! bones ( animals us$ to be (f]$ at ,manseld1 9 ,g]many4 ,once m1 ! phrase ( be+ 91 or gett+ into ,lob's p\nd1 is easy ( explanation1 presum+ ,lob to be a fairy epi!t--! t]m be+ equival5t to ,poake-l$d5 or ,pixy-l$4#ah ,9 ,hudibras ?is t]m is employ$ z a "n = ! /ocks 9 :i* ! knight puts ,cr[d]o3 ,cr[d]o1 :om 9 irons b\nd1 ,?\ basely ?rew'/ into ,lob's p\nd4 #af ,mr4 ,dyce consid]s t ,lob is descriptive ( ! contra/ betwe5 ,puck's squ>e figure & ! airy %apes ( ! o!r fairies4 #ag ,deuts*e ,my?ologie1 p4 #dib4 #ah ,see ,keightley's ,fairy ,my?ology1 pp4 #cah1 #cai4 ,x occurs1 also1 9 ,mass+]'s ,duke ( ,milan 7iii4 #b71 :]e x means beh9d ! arras3 ,:o =c'd ! g5tleman1 to save h] cr$it1 ,to m>ry h]1 & say he 0 ! p>ty ,f\nd 9 ,lob's p\nd4 ,! allusion by ,%akespe>e to ! ,w-o'-!-,wisp1 :]e he speaks ( ,puck z sometime a fire1 is notic$ else:]e1 ?is be+ "o ( ! =ms "u :i* ?is fairy 0 suppos$ to play 8 midnight pranks4 ,ref]r+1 9 ! next place1 to ! sev]al names ( ,%akespe>e's fairies1 we may quote f ,! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7iv4 #c71 :]e ,mrs4 ,page speaks ( ur*9s1 ouphes1 & fairies--ur*9 hav+ be5 an appellation = "o class ( fairies4 ,9 ! ,maydes' ,metamorphosis ( ,lyly 7#afjj71 we f9d fairies1 elves1 & ur*9s sep>ately accommodat$ ) dances = _! use4 ,! foll[+ is ! ur*9's dance3 ,by ! moone we sport & play1 ,) ! night beg9s our day2 ,z we frisk ! dew do? fall1 ,trip x1 little ur*9s all1 ,lightly z ! little bee1 ,two by two1 & ?ree by ?ree1 ,& ab\t goe wee1 goe wee4 ,9 ,! ,tempe/ 7i4 #b7 _! actions are also limit$ to ! night3 ,ur*9s ,%all1 = t va/ ( night t !y may "w1 ,all ex]cise on !e4 ,! *ildr5 employ$ to torm5t ,fal/aff1 9 ,! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7iv4 #d71 7 to be dress$ 9 ^! fairy %apes4 ,mr4 ,d\ce reg>ds ! ^w ur*91 :5 us$ to designate a fairy1 z ( ,celtic orig91 ) :i* view ,mr4 ,?oms#ai comp>es ! urisks ( ,highl& fairies4 #ai ,?ree ,notelets on ,%akespe>e1 pp4 #gi-hb4 ,! t]m ouphe1 accord+ to ,grimm1 is only ano!r =m ( ! cognate elf1 :i* corresponds ) ! ,middle ,high-,g]man ulf1 9 ! plural ulve4 ,he fur!r proves ! id5tity ( ?is ulf ) alp1 & ) our ,engli% elf1 f a ,sw$i% song publi%$ by ,asdwiddson1 9 8 ,collection ( ,sw$i% ,ballads1 9 "o v]sion ( :i* ! elf9 k+ is call$ ,h]r ,elfv]1 & 9 ! second ,h]r ,ulfv]4 ,! "n elf1 :i* is frequ5tly us$ by ,%akespe>e1 is ! same z ! ,anglo-,saxon alf1 ! ,old ,high-,g]man & ! ,middle ,high-,g]man ulf4 ,fairies & elvs1 says ,tollet1 are frequ5tly m5tion$ toge!r 9 ! poets )\t any di/9ction ( "* t ,i c recollect4 ,! o!r fairies1 ,peas-blossom1 ,cobweb1 ,mo?1 & ,mu/>d-se$ probably owe _! appellations to ! poet himself4 ,h[ fully ,%akespe>e has describ$ ! *>act]i/ics ( ! fairy tribe1 besides giv+ a detail$ acc\nt ( _! habits & do+s1 may be ga!r$ f ! foll[+ pages1 9 :i* we h briefly enum]at$ ! v>i\s items ( fairy lore z scatt]$ ?r\gh ! poet's writ+s4 ,beauty1 !n1 unit$ ) p[]1 0 "o ( ! popul> *>act]i/ics ( ! fairy tribe4 ,su* 0 t ( ! ,fairy ,que5 ( ,sp5s]1 & ( ,titania 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream4 ,9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7iv4 #h71 ,antony1 on see+ ,cleopatra ent]1 says to ,sc>us3 ,to ?is great fairy ,i'll comm5d ?y acts1 ,make h] ?anks bless !e4 ,9 ,cymbel9e 7iii4 #f71 :5 ! two bro!rs f9d ,imog5 9 _! cave1 ,bel>ius exclaims3 ,b t x eats our victuals1 ,i %\ld ?9k ,"h 7 a fairy4#bj ,& he !n adds3 ,by ,jupit]1 an angel6 or1 if n1 ,an e>?ly p>agon6 behold div95ess ,no eld] ?an a boy4 #bj ,%[+1 z ,mr4 ,ritson says1 t !y nev] ate4 ,! fairies1 z repres5t$ 9 _m ( our old leg5ds & folk-tales1 are g5]ally noticeable = _! beauty1 ! same be+ ! case ) all _! surr\nd+s4 ,z ,sir ,walt] ,scott1#ba too1 says1 ,_! pageants & c\rt ent]ta9m5ts compreh5d$ all t ! imag9ation c\ld conceive ( :at 7 acc\nt$ gallant & spl5did4 ,at _! processions !y p>ad$ m beautiful /e$s ?an ^? ( m]e e>?ly p>5tage4 ,! hawks & h\nds :i* !y employ$ 9 _! *ase 7 ( ! fir/ race4 ,at _! daily banquets1 ! bo>d 0 set =? ) a spl5dor :i* ! pr\de/ k+s ( ! e>? d>$ n aspire to1 & ! hall ( _! danc]s e*o$ to ! mo/ exquisite music4 #ba ,lett]s on ,demonology & ,wit*craft1 #ahca1 p4 #aba4 ,mr4 ,d\ce#bb quotes f ! romance ( ,lancelot ( ! ,lake1 :]e ! au?or1 speak+ ( ! days ( ,k+ ,ar?ur1 says1 ,en celui temps e/oi5t appellees faees t\tes selles qui s5tre-mettoi5t d5*antem5s et de *>mes1 et m\lt en e/oit p\r lors pr9cipalem5t en la ,gr&e ,bretaigne1 et savoi5t la =ce et la v]tu des p>oles1 des pi]res1 et des h]bes1 p>quoy elles e/oi5t t5ues et jeunesse et en beaulte1 et en gr&es ri*esses comme elles devisoi5t4 #bb ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #aae4 ,?is p]petual y\? & beauty1 he adds1 _c well be sep>at$ f a /ate ( immortality2 ano!r *>act]i/ic ascrib$ to ! fairy race4 ,x is probably allud$ to by ,titania 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #a73 ,! human mortals want _! w9t] "h4 ,& fur!r on 7ii4 #a71 :5 speak+ ( ! *angel+'s "m1 %e says3 ,b %e1 be+ mortal1 ( t boy did die4 ,aga91 a fairy addresses ,bottom ! weav] 7iii4 #a7-- ,hail1 mortal6 --an indication t %e 0 n s h]self4 ,! v fact1 inde$1 t fairies call !mselves spirits1 gho/s1 or %ad[s1 seems to be a pro( ( _! immortality4 ,?us ,puck /yles ,ob]on k+ ( %ad[s1 & ?is mon>* ass]ts ( himself & 8 subjects-- ,b we are spirits ( ano!r sort4 ,flet*]1 9 ! ,fai?ful ,%eph]dess1 describes 7i4 #b7-- ,a virtu\s well1 ab\t ^: fl['ry banks ,! nimble-foot$ fairies dance _! r\nds1 ,by ! pale moon%9e1 dipp+ (t5times ,_! /ol5 *ildr51 s to make !m free ,f dy+ fle%1 & dull mortality4 ,ario/o1 9 8 ,orl&o ,furioso 7book xliii4 /anza #ih7 says3 ,i am a fayrie1 & to make y "k1 ,to be a fayrie :at x do? import1 ,we _c dye1 h[ old s e'er we gr[4 ,( pa9es & h>mes ( ev'rie o!r sort ,we ta/e1 onelie no dea? we nature ow4 ,an important feature ( ! fairy race 0 _! p[] ( vani%+ at w1 & ( assum+ v>i\s =ms4 ,9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream ,ob]on says3 ,i am invisible1 ,& ,i w ov]he> _! conf]5ce4 ,puck relates h[ he 0 9 ! habit ( tak+ all k9ds ( outl&i% =ms2 & 9 ! ,tempe/1 ,%akespe>e has bequea!d to u a graphic acc\nt ( ,ariel's ecc5tricities4 ,besides1 says ,mr4 ,spald+1#bc appe>+ 9 8 natural %ape1 & divid+ into flames1 & behav+ 9 su* a mann] z to cause "y ,f]d9& to leap into ! sea1 cry+1 ',hell is empty1 & all ! devils are "h6' he assumes ! =ms ( a wat] nymph 7i4 #b71 a h>py 7iii4 #c71 & also ! ,goddess ,c]es 7iv4 #a71 :ile ! /range %apes1 masqu]s1 & ev5 ! h\nds t hunt & worry ! w\ld-be k+ & vic]oys ( ! isl&1 are ,ariel's 'mean] fell[s4' ,poor ,caliban compla9s ( ,prosp]o's spirits 7ii4 #b73 ,= e trifle are !y set ^u me2 ,sometimes l apes1 t m[ & *att] at me1 ,& aft] bite me3 !n l h$gehogs :i* ,lie tumbl+ 9 my b>e-foot way1 & m\nt ,_! pricks at my footfall2 sometime am ,i ,all w\nd ) add]s1 :o1 ) clov5 tongues ,d hiss me into madness4 #bc ,elizabe?an ,demonology1 p4 #ej4 ,t fairies are sometimes exce$+ly dim9utive is fully %[n by ,%akespe>e1 :o gives sev]al in/ances ( ?is peculi>ity4 ,?us ,que5 ,mab1 9 ,romeo & ,juliet1 to :i* passage we h already _h occasion to allude 7i4 #d71 is said to come ,9 %ape no bigg] ?an an agate /one ,on ! =e-f+] ( an ald]man4#bd #bd ,agate 0 us$ metaphorically = a v dim9utive p]son1 9 allusion to ! small figures cut 9 agate = r+s4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #b71 ,fal/aff says3 ,i 0 nev] mann$ ) an agate till n[2 b ,i w inset y nei!r 9 gold nor silv]1 b 9 vile app>el1 & s5d y back aga9 to y\r ma/]1 = a jewel4 ,9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7iii4 #a7 ,h]o speaks ( a man z be+ l[1 an agate v vilely cut4 ,& ,puck tells u1 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #a71 t :5 ,ob]on & ,titania meet1 !y d squ>e1 t all _! elves1 = fe>1 ,creep into acorn cups1 & hide !m !re4 ,fur!r on 7ii4 #c7 ! duties impos$ by ,titania ^u h] tra9 po9t to _! t9y "*3 ,come1 n[ a r\ndel & a fairy song2 ,!n1 = ! ?ird "p ( a m9ute1 h5ce2 ,"s to kill cank]s 9 ! musk-rose buds1 ,"s w> ) r]e-mice = _! lea!rn w+s1 ,to make my small elves coats4 ,& :5 enam\r$ ( ,bottom1 %e directs h] elves t !y %\ld-- ,hop 9 8 walks & gambol 9 8 eyes2 ,fe$ him ) apricocks & dewb]ries1 ,) purple grapes1 gre5 figs1 & mulb]ries2 ,! honey bags /eal f ! humble-bees1 ,& = night tap]s crop _! wax5 ?ighs ,& light !m at ! fi]y gl[-worm's eyes1 ,to h my love to b$1 & to arise2 ,& pluck ! w+s f pa9t$ butt]flies ,to fan ! moonbeams f 8 sleep+ eyes4 ,we may comp>e1 too1 ,ariel's well-kn[n song 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7v4 #a73 ,:]e ! bee sucks1 !re suck ,i3 ,9 a c[slip's bell ,i lie2 ,!re ,i c\* :5 owls d cry1 ,on ! bat's back ,i d fly ,aft] summ] m]rily1 ,m]rily1 m]rily %all ,i live n[ ,"u ! blossom t hangs on ! b\gh4 ,aga91 f ! foll[+ passage 9 ,! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7iv4 #d7 :]e ,mrs4 ,page1 aft] conf]r+ ) h] husb&1 sugge/s t-- ,nan ,page my daught]1 & my little son1 ,& ?ree or f\r m ( _! gr[?1 we'll dress ,l ur*9s1 ouphes1 & fairies1 gre5 & :ite1 ,) r\nds ( wax5 tap]s on _! heads1 ,& rattles 9 _! h&s x is evid5t t 9 ,%akespe>e's day fairies 7 suppos$ to be ( ! size ( *ildr54 ,! notion ( _! dim9utiv5ess1 too1 x appe>s 0 n conf9$ to ?is c\ntry1#be b exi/$ 9 ,d5m>k1#bf = 9 ! ballad ( ,el9e ( ,vill5skov we read3 ,out !n spake ! smalle/ ,trold2 ,no bigg] ?an an ant2-- ,oh6 "h is come a ,*ri/ian man1 ,8 s*emes ,i'll sure prev5t4 #be ,see ,grimm's ,deuts*e ,my?ologie4 #bf ,?oms's ,?ree ,notelets on ,%akespe>e1 #ahfe1 pp4 #ch1 #ci4 ,aga91 v>i\s /ories are curr5t 9 ,g]many descriptive ( ! fairy dw>fs2 "o ( ! mo/ not$ be+ t relat+ to ,elb]i*1 :o aid$ ! ,emp]or ,otnit to ga9 ! daught] ( ! ,paynim ,soldan ( ,syria4#bg #bg ,see ,keightley's ,fairy ,my?ology1 #ahgh1 p4 #bjh4 ,! haunt ( ! fairies on e>? are g5]ally suppos$ to be ! mo/ romantic & rural t c be select$2 su* a spot be+ ! place ( ,titania's repose describ$ by ,ob]on 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #a73bh a bank :]e ! wild ?yme bl[s1 ,:]e oxlips & ! nodd+ violet gr[s1 ,q ov]-canopi$ ) lusci\s woodb9e1 ,) sweet musk-roses & ) eglant9e3 ,!re sleeps ,titania "s "t ( ! night1 ,lull'd 9 ^! fl[]s ) dances & delight2 ,& !re ! snake ?r[s h] enamell'd sk91 ,we$ wide en\gh to wrap a fairy 94 #bh ,see also ,?orpe's ,nor!rn ,my?ology1 #aheb1 vol4 iii4 p4 #cb1 etc4 ,titania also tells h[ ! fairy race meet on hill1 9 dale1 =e/1 or mead1 ,by pav$ f\nta91 or by ru%y brook1 ,or 9 ! bea*$ m>g5t ( ! sea4 ,9 ,! ,tempe/ 7v4 #a71 we h ! foll[+ beautiful invocation by ,prosp]o3 ,ye elves ( hills1 brooks1 /&+ lakes1 & groves2 ,& ye1 t on ! s&s ) pr9tless foot ,d *ase ! ebb+ ,neptune1 & d fly him ,:5 he comes back-- ,_! haunts1 h[ev]1 v>i$ 9 diff]5t localities1 b _! favorite abode 0 9 ! int]ior ( conical gre5 hills1 on ! slopes ( :i* !y danc$ by moonlight4 ,milton1 9 ! ,p>adise ,lo/ 7book i471 speaks ( fairy elves1 ,^: midnight revels1 by a =e/ side ,or f\nta91 "s belat$ peasant sees1 ,or dreams he sees1 :ile ov]head ! moon ,sits arbitress1 & ne>] to ! e>? ,:eels h] pale c\rse1 !y1 on _! mir? & dance ,int5t1 ) jocund music *>m 8 e>2 ,at once ) joy & fe> 8 he>t reb\nds4 ,! ,iri% fairies occasionally inhabit$ ! anci5t burial-places kn[n z tumuli or b>r[s1 :ile "s ( ! ,scotti% fairies took up _! abode "u ! door-/ane or ?re%old ( "s p>ticul> h\se1 to ! inmates ( :i* !y adm9i/]$ good (fices4#bi #bi ,gunyon's ,illu/rations ( ,scotti% ,hi/ory1 ,life1 & ,sup]/itions1 p4 #bii4 ,! s-call$ fairy-r+s 9 old pa/ures#cj--little circles ( a bright] gre51 )9 :i* x 0 suppos$ ! fairies dance by night--are n[ kn[n to result f ! out-spread+ propagation ( a p>ticul> mu%room1 ! fairy-r+$ fungus1 by :i* ! gr\nd is manur$ = a ri*] foll[+ vegetation4 ,an imm5se deal ( leg5d>y lore1 h[ev]1 has clu/]$ r\nd ?is curi\s ph5om5on1 popul> sup]/ition attribut+ x to ! m]ry r\ndelays ( ! moonlight fairies4#ca ,9 ,! ,tempe/ 7v4 #a7 ,prosp]o invokes ! fairies z ! demy-puppets t ,by moon%9e d ! gre5-s\r r+lets make1 ,:]e( ! ewe n bites2 & y1 ^: pa/ime ,is to make midnight-mu%rooms4 #cj ,*amb]s's ,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #fga4 #ca ,among ! v>i\s conjectures z to ! cause ( ^! v]dant circles1 "s h ascrib$ !m to lightn+2 o!rs ma9ta9$ t !y are occasion$ by ants4 ,see ,miss ,bak]'s ,nor?ampton%ire ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #bah2 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #dhj-dhc2 & also ! ,phytologi/1 #ahfb1 pp4 #bcf-bch4 ,9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #a71 ! fairy says3 ,i d w&] ev]y:]e1 ,swift] ?an ! moon's sph]e2 ,& ,i s]ve ! fairy que51 ,to dew h] orbs ^u ! gre54 ,aga91 9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7v4 #e71 ,anne ,page says3 ,& nightly1 mead[-fairies1 look1 y s+ ,l to ! ,g>t]'s compass1 9 a r+2 ,! expressure t x be>s1 gre5 let x be1 ,m f]tile-fre% ?an all ! field to see4 ,& once 9 ,macbe? 7v4 #a71 ,hecate says3 ,l elves & fairies 9 a r+4 ,drayton1 9 8 ,nymphidia 7l4 #fi-gb71 m5tions ?is sup]/ition3 ,& 9 _! c\rses make t r\nd1 ,9 mead[s & 9 m>%es f\nd1 ,( !m s call$ ! fayrie gr\nd1 ,( :i* !y h ! keep+4 ,c[ley1 too1 9 8 ,compla9t1 says3 ,:]e once su* fairies dance1 no grass does ev] gr[4 ,& aga91 9 8 ode ^u ,dr4 ,h>vey3 ,& dance1 l fairies1 a fanta/ic r\nd4 ,pluquet1 9 8 ,contes ,populaires de ,bayeux1 tells u t ! fairy r+s1 call$ by ! peasants ( ,norm&y ,c]cles des fes1 are said to be ! "w ( fairies4 ,among ! num]\s sup]/itions :i* h clu/]$ r\nd ! fairy r+s1 we are told t :5 damsels ( old ga!r$ ! ,may dew on ! grass1 :i* !y made use ( to improve _! complexions1 !y left undi/urb$ su* ( x z !y p]ceiv$ on ! fairy-r+s1 appreh5sive t ! fairies %\ld 9 rev5ge de/roy _! beauty4 ,nor 0 x consid]$ safe to put ! foot )9 ! r+s1 le/ !y %\ld be liable to ! fairies' p[]4#cb ,! ,a!nian ,oracle 7i4 #cig7 m5tions a popul> belief t if a h\se be built ^u ! gr\nd :]e fairy r+s are1 :oev] %all inhabit !re9 does wond]fully prosp]4 #cb ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #aab4 ,speak+ ( _! dress1 we are told t !y con/antly wore gre5 ve/s1 unless !y _h "s reason = *ang+ _! attire4 ,9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7iv4 #d7 !y are spok5 ( z-- ,ur*9s1 ouphes1 & fairies1 gre5 & :ite4 ,& fur!r on 7v4 #d73 ,fairies1 black1 grey1 gre51 & :ite4 ,! fairies ( ! moors 7 (t5 clad 9 hea?-br[n or li*5-dy$ g>m5ts1 :5ce ! epi!t ( ,elf9-grey4#cc #cc ,ritson's ,fairy ,my?ology1 #ahgh1 pp4 #bf1 #bg4 ,! leg5ds ( mo/ c\ntries are unanim\s 9 ascrib+ to ! fairies an inord9ate love ( music2 su* h>moni\s s\nds z ^? :i* ,caliban depicts 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7iii4 #b7 be+ g5]ally ascrib$ to !m3 ,! isle is full ( noises1 ,s\nds & sweet airs1 t give delight & hurt n4 ,sometimes a ?\s& twangl+ in/rum5ts ,w hum ab\t m9e e>s1 & sometime voices ,t1 if ,i !n _h wak$ aft] long sleep1 ,w make me sleep aga94 ,9 ! ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #c71 :5 ,titania is desir\s ( tak+ a nap1 %e says to h] att5dants3 ,come1 n[ a r\ndel1 & a fairy song4 ,& fur!r on 7iii4 #a7 %e tells ,bottom3 ,i'll give !e fairies to att5d on !e1 ,& !y %all fet* !e jewels f ! deep1 ,& s+1 :ile ?\ on press$ fl[]s do/ sleep4 ,! au?or ( ,r\nd ,ab\t our ,coal ,fire#cd tells u t !y _h f9e musick always among !mselves1 & danc$ 9 a moon%9y night1 ar\nd1 or 91 a r+4 #cd ,quot$ by ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq41 vol4 ii4 p4 #dha4 ,!y 7 equally fond ( danc+1 & we are told h[ !y meet-- ,to dance _! r+lets to ! :i/l+ w9d2 & 9 ! ,maydes' ,metamorphosis ( ,lyly1 ! fairies1 z !y dance1 s+3 ,r\nd ab\t1 r\nd ab\t1 9 a f9e r+ a1 ,?us we dance1 ?us we dance1 & ?us we s+ a1 ,trip & g1 to & fro1 ov] ?is gre5 a1 ,all ab\t1 9 & out1 = our brave que5 a1 etc4 ,z ,mr4 ,?oms says1 9 8 ,?ree ,notelets on ,%akespe>e 7#ahfe1 pp4 #dj1 #da71 ! writ+s ( ,%akespe>e ab\nd 9 graphic notices ( ^! fairy revels1 c\*$ 9 ! highe/ /ra9s ( poetry2 & a comp>ison ( ^! ) "s ( ! popul> leg5ds :i* ! indu/ry ( ,cont95tal antiqu>ies has pres]v$ w %[ u cle>ly t ^! delightful sket*es ( elf9 enjoym5t h be5 drawn by a h& z fai?ful z x is ma/]ly4 ,x w\ld seem t ! fairies dislik$ irreligi\s p3 & s1 9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7v4 #e71 ! mock fairies are said to *a/ise un*a/e p]sons1 & ^? :o d n say _! pray]s4 ,?is co9cides ) :at ,lilly1 9 8 ,life & ,times1 says3 ,fairies love a /rict diet & upright life2 f]v5t pray]s unto ,god conduce mu* to ! assi/ance ( ^? :o are curi\s h]eways1 i4 e41 :o wi% to cultivate an acqua9tance ) !m4 ,aga91 fairies are g5]ally repres5t$ z great lov]s & patrons ( cleanl9ess & propriety1 = ! obs]vance ( :i* !y 7 frequ5tly said to rew>d good s]vants1 by dropp+ money into _! %oes 9 ! night2 &1 on ! o!r h&1 !y 7 report$ to puni% mo/ sev]ely ! sluts & slov5ly1 by p9*+ !m black & blue4#ce ,?us1 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7v4 #a71 ,puck says3 ,i am s5t1 ) broom1 be=e1 ,to sweep ! du/ beh9d ! door4 #ce ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dhc4 ,9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7v4 #e71 ,pi/ol1 speak+ ( ! mock fairy que51 says3 ,our radiant que5 hates sluts & slutt]y2 & ! fairies :o haunt ! t[]s ( ,w9dsor are enjo9$3 ,ab\t1 ab\t1 ,se>* ,w9dsor ,ca/le1 elves1 )9 & out3 ,/rew good luck1 ouphes1 on e sacr$ room3 99 99 99 99 99 ,! sev]al *airs ( ord] look y sc\r ,) juice ( balm & e preci\s fl[]4 ,9 ,b5 ,jonson's ballad ( ,rob9 ,goodfell[#cf we h a fur!r illu/ration ( ?is notion3 ,:5 h\se or he>? clo? slutti% lie1 ,i p9* ! maid5s black & blue1 ,! b$ clo!s f ! b$ pull ,i1 ,& lay !m nak$ all to view4 ',twixt sleep & wake ,i d !m take1 ,& on ! key-cold floor !m ?r[2 ,if out !y cry1 ,!n =? ,i fly1 ,& l\dly laugh ,i1 ho1 ho1 ho6 #cf ,halliwell-,phillipps's ,illu/rations ( ,fairy ,my?ology1 p4 #afg2 see ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 pp4 #abb1 #abc4 ,9 ,r\nd ,ab\t our ,coal ,fire1 we f9d ! foll[+ passage be>+ on ! subject3 ,:5 ! ma/] & mi/ress 7 laid on ! pill[s1 ! m5 & maids1 if !y _h a game at romps1 & blund]$ up /airs1 or jumbl$ a *air1 ! next morn+ e "o w\ld swe> 'twas ! fairies1 & t !y he>d !m /amp+ up & d[n /airs all night1 cry+1 ',wat]s lock'd1 wat]s lock'd6' :5 !re 0 no wat] 9 e pail 9 ! kit*54 ,h]rick1 too1 9 8 ,hesp]ides1 speaks ( ?is sup]/ition3 ,if ye w ) ,mab f9d grace1 ,set ea* platt] 9 8 place2 ,rake ! fire up1 & set ,wat] 91 ere sun be set1 ,wa% y\r pales & cleanse y\r dairies1 ,sluts are loa!some to ! fairies3 ,sweep y\r h\se2 :o do? n s1 ,mab w p9* h] by ! toe4 ,:ile ! belief 9 ! p[] ( fairies exi/$1 !y 7 suppos$ to p]=m mu* good s]vice to mank9d4 ,?us1 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7v4 #a71 ,ob]on says3 ,) ?is field-dew consecrate1 ,e fairy take 8 gait2 ,& ea* sev]al *amb] bless1 ,?r\gh ?is palace1 ) sweet peace2 ,& ! own] ( x ble/1 ,ev] %all 9 safety re/-- ! object ( _! bless+ be+ to br+ peace ^u ! h\se ( ,!seus4 ,mr4 ,d\ce#cg rem>ks t ! great influ5ce :i* ! belief 9 fairies _h on ! popul> m9d gave s mu* (f5ce to ! holy monks & fri>s1 t !y det]m9$ to ex]t all _! p[] to expel ^! imag9>y be+s f ! m9ds ( ! p1 by tak+ ! (fice ( ! fairies' b5$ictions entirely into _! own h&s2 a pro( ( :i* we h 9 ,*auc]'s ,wife ( ,ba?3 ,i speke ( _m hundr$ y]es ago2 ,b n[ c no man see non elves mo1 ,= n[ ! grete *>itee & pray]es ,( limit\res & o!r holy fr]es ,t s]*5 e l& & e /reme1 ,z ?ikke z motes 9 ! sonne beme1 ,bliss+ halles1 *ambres1 ki*5es1 & b\res1 ,citees & burghes1 ca/les highe & t\res1 ,?ropes & b]nes1 %ep5es & dairies1 ,?is make? t !r b5 no fa]ies3 ,= !r z wont to walk5 0 an elf ,!r walke? n[ ! limit\r himself4 #cg ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 pp4 #abf1 #abg4 ,macbe?1 too 7v4 #h71 9 8 enc\nt] ) ,macduff1 says3 ,i be> a *>m$ life1 :i* mu/ n yield ,to "o ( woman born4 ,9 ! days ( *ivalry1 ! *ampion's arms 7 c]emoni\sly bless$1 ea* tak+ an oa? t he us$ no *>m$ weapon4 ,9 ,sp5s]'s ,fairy ,que5 7book i4 canto #d7 we read3 he be>s a *>m$ %ield1 ,& eke en*ant$ arms1 t none c pi]ce4 ,fairies 7 amaz+ly exp$iti\s 9 _! j\rneys4 ,?us1 ,puck goes swift] ?an arr[ f ! ,t>t>'s b[1 & 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream he answ]s ,ob]on1 :o 0 ab\t to s5d him on a secret exp$ition3 ,i'll put a girdle r\nd ab\t ! e>? ,9 =ty m9utes4 ,aga91 ! same fairy addresses him3 ,fairy k+1 att5d1 & m>k3 ,i d he> ! morn+ l>k4 ,ob]on4 ,!n1 my que51 9 sil5ce sad1 ,trip we aft] ! night's %ade3 ,we ! globe c compass soon1 ,swift] ?an ! w&'r+ moon4 ,once m1 ,puck says3 ,my fairy "l1 ?is mu/ be done ) ha/e1 ,= night's swift dragons cut ! cl\ds full fa/1 ,& yond] %9es ,aurora's h>b+]1 etc4 ,x 0 fatal1 if we may believe ,fal/aff 9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7v4 #e7 to speak to a fairy3 ,!y are fairies2 he t speaks to !m %all die4 ,fairies are accu/om$ to enri* _! favorites2 & 9 ,a ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iii4 #c7 ! %eph]d says3 ,x 0 told me ,i %\ld be ri* by ! fairies2#ch & 9 ,cymbel9e 7v4 #d71 ,po/humus1 on wak+ & f9d+ ! my/]i\s pap]1 exclaims3 ,:at fairies haunt ?is gr\nd8 ,a book8 ,o r>e "o6 ,be n1 z is our fangl$ _w1 a g>m5t ,nobl] ?an t x cov]s1 etc4 #ch ,see ,crok]'s ,fairy ,leg5ds & ,traditions ( ! ,s\? ( ,irel&1 p4 #caf4 ,at ! same "t1 h[ev]1 x 0 unlucky to reveal _! acts ( g5]osity1 z ! %eph]d fur!r tells u3 ,?is is fairy gold1 boy2 & 'twill prove s2 up )'t1 keep x close1 home1 home1 ! next way4 ,we are lucky1 boy2 & to be s /ill requires no?+ b secrecy4 ,! necessity ( secrecy 9 fairy transactions ( ?is k9d is illu/rat$ 9 ,mass+] & ,field's play ( ,! ,fatal ,d[ry1 #afcb 7iv4 #a71ci :]e ,romont says3 ,b n a ^w o' x2 'tis fairies' treasure1 ,:i*1 b reveal'd1 br+s on ! blabb]'s ru94 #ci ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 vol4 ii4 p4 #dic4 ,among ! _m o!r good qualities belong+ to ! fairy tribe1 we are told t !y 7 humanely att5tive to ! y\?ful dead4#dj ,?us ,guid]ius1 9 ,cymbel9e1 ?9k+ t ,imog5 is dead 7iv4 #b71 says3 ,) female fairies w 8 tomb be haunt$1 ,& worms w n come to !e2#da !re hav+ be5 a popul> notion t :]e fairies resort$ no noxi\s creature c\ld be f\nd4 #dj ,ritson's ,fairy ,my?ology ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahge1 p4 #bi4 #da ,"s copies read !m4 ,9 ! pa!tic dirge ( ,coll9s a simil> allusion is made3 ,no )]'d wit* %all "h be se51 ,no gobl9 lead _! nightly crew2 ,! female fays %all haunt ! gre51 ,& dress ?y grave ) pe>ly dew4 ,x seems1 h[ev]1 t !y 7 also suppos$ to be malignant2 b ?is1 x may be1 says ,mr4 ,ritson1 0 m]ely calumny1 z be+ utt]ly inconsi/5t ) _! g5]al "*1 :i* 0 s+ul>ly innoc5t & amiable4 ,?us1 :5 ,imog51 9 ,cymbel9e 7ii4 #b71 prays on go+ to sleep1 ,f fairies & ! tempt]s ( ! night1 ,gu>d me1 besee* ye1#db x mu/ h be51 says ,mr4 ,ritson1#dc ! incubus %e 0 s afraid (4 #db ,we may comp>e ,banquo's words 9 ,macbe? 7ii4 #a73 ,re/ra9 9 me ! curs$ ?\ghts t nature ,gives way to 9 repose4 #dc ,fairy ,my?ology1 pp4 #bg1 #bh4 ,hamlet1 too1 notices ?is imput$ malignity ( ! fairies 7i4 #a73 ,!n no planet /rikes1 ,nor fairy takes1 nor wit* ha? p[] to *>m4#dd #dd ,com$y ( ,errors 7iv4 #b7 "s critics read3 ,a fi5d1 a fairy1 pitiless & r\gh4 ,t ! fairies1 h[ev]1 7 fond ( indulg+ 9 mis*iev\s sport at ! exp5se ( mortals is beyond all d\bt1 ! m]ry pranks ( ,puck or ,rob9 ,goodfell[ fully illu/rat+ ?is item ( our fairy-lore4 ,?us1 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #a7 ?is playful fairy says3 ,i am t m]ry w&]] ( ! night4 ,i je/ to ,ob]on & make him smile1 ,:5 ,i a fat & bean-f$ horse beguile1 ,neigh+ 9 lik5ess ( a filly foal3 ,& sometime lurk ,i 9 a gossip's b[l1 ,9 v lik5ess ( a roa/$ crab2 ,& :5 %e dr9ks1 aga9/ h] lips ,i bob1 ,& on h] )]'d dewlap p\r ! ale4 ,! wise/ aunt1 tell+ ! sadde/ tale1 ,sometime = ?ree-foot /ool mi/ake? me2 ,!n slip ,i f h] bum1 d[n topples %e1 ,& 'tailor' cries1 & falls into a c\gh4 ,a fairy1 9 ano!r passage1 asks ,rob93 ,are y n he ,t frights ! maid5s ( ! villag]y1 99 99 99 99 99 ,mislead night-w&]]s1 laugh+ at _! h>m8 ,we h already m5tion$ h[ ,que5 ,mab _h ! same mis*iev\s humor 9 h] composition1 :i* is describ$ by ,m]cutio 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #d73 ,?is is t v ,mab ,t plats ! manes ( horses 9 ! night1 ,& bakes ! elflocks 9 f\l slutti% hairs1 ,:i*1 once untangl$1 mu* mis=tune bodes4 ,ano!r repreh5sible practice attribut$ to ! fairies 0 t ( c>ry+ (f & ex*ang+ *ildr51 su* be+ designat$ *angel+s4#de ,! special ag5t 9 transactions ( ! sort 0 also ,que5 ,mab1 & h5ce ,m]cutio says3 ,%e is ! fairies' midwife4 ,& %e is s call$1 says ,mr4 ,halliwell-,phillipps1 because x 0 h] suppos$ cu/om to /eal new-born babes 9 ! night & leave o!rs 9 _! place4 ,mr4 ,/eev5s gives a diff]5t int]pretation to ?is l9e1 & says1 ,x does n mean t %e 0 ! midwife to ! fairies1 b t %e 0 ! p]son among ! fairies ^: dep>tm5t x 0 to deliv] ! fancies ( sleep+ m5 9 _! dreams1 ^? *ildr5 ( an idle bra94 #de ,?is sup]/ition is fully describ$ 9 *apt] on ,bir?4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,wit*es4 ,9 ye>s gone by wit*craft 0 "o ( ! grosse/ =ms ( sup]/ition1 & x w\ld be difficult to e/imate ! ext5t ( its influ5ce 9 ?is & o!r c\ntries4 ,x is n surpris+ t ,%akespe>e %\ld h made frequ5t allusions to ?is popul> belief1 consid]+ h[ ext5sively x prevail$ 9 ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies2 ! religi\s & dramatic lit]ature ( ! p]iod be+ full ( x4 ,inde$1 z ,mr4 ,williams#df po9ts out1 :at ! vulg> sup]/ition mu/ h be5 may be easily conceiv$1 :5 m5 ( ! greate/ g5ius or le>n+ cr$it$ ! possibility1 & n only a !oretical b possible occurr5ce1 ( ^! inf]nal ph5om5a4 ,?us1 ,francis ,bacon 0 n able to get rid ( ! pr9ciples ^u :i* ! cre$ 0 bas$4 ,sir ,edw>d ,coke1 8 contempor>y1 ! mo/ acute lawy] ( ! age1 v5tur$ ev5 to def9e ! devil's ag5ts 9 wit*craft4 ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne & ,sir ,mat!w ,hale1 9 #affd1 prov$ _! fai?--! "o by 8 solemn te/imony 9 op5 c\rt1 ! o!r by 8 /ill m solemn s5t5ce4 ,h5ce1 x 0 only to be expect$ t ,%akespe>e %\ld introduce into 8 writ+s descriptions ( a cre$ :i* held su* a prom95t place 9 ! hi/ory ( 8 day1 & :i* has made itself fam\s = all "t by ! ?\s&s ( victims x caus$ to be s5t to ! torture-*amb]1 to ! /ake1 & to ! scaffold4 ,?us he has giv5 a graphic acc\nt ( ! celebrat$ ,jeanne ,d',arc1 ! ,maid ( ,orleans1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi41 al?\gh ,mr4 ,d[d5#dg is ( op9ion t ?is play 0 writt5 by "o or m au?ors1 ,gre5e hav+ _h1 p]haps1 a *ief h& 9 x1 assi/$ by ,peele & ,m>l[e4 ,he says1 ,x is a happ9ess n to h to ascribe to our greate/ poet ! crude & hateful h&l+ ( ! "* ( ,joan ( ,arc1 excus$ ?\gh to "s ext5t x may be by ! occurr5ce ( view 9 our old ,engli% *ronicles4 #df ,sup]/itions ( ,wit*craft1 #ahfe1 p4 #bbj4 #dg ,%aksp]e ,prim]1 #ahgg1 p4 #fc4 ,mr4 ,lecky1#dh too1 reg>ds ! conception ( ,joan ( ,arc giv5 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 z ! d>ke/ blot ^u ! poet's g5ius1 b x mu/ be rememb]$ t we h only express$ ! curr5t belief ( 8 day--! ,engli% vulg> hav+ reg>d$ h] z a sorc]ess1 ! ,fr5* z an inspir$ h]o9e4 ,talbot is repres5t$ z accus+ h] ( be+ a wit*1 s]v+ ! ,evil ,"o1 & ent]+ ,r\5 by means ( h] sorc]ies 7iii4 #b73 ,france1 ?\ %alt rue ?is treason ) ?y te>s1 ,if ,talbot b survive ?y trea*]y4 ,pucelle1 t wit*1 t damn$ sorc]ess1 ,ha? wr\ght ?is helli% mis*ief unaw>es1 ,t h>dly we escap$ ! pride ( ,france4 #dh ,rationalism 9 ,europe1 #ahgj1 vol4 i4 p4 #ajf4 ,fur!r on 7v4 #c7 %e is made to summon fi5ds be=e h]1 b %e wi%es !m 9 va91 = !y speak n1 hang+ _! heads 9 sign ( approa*+ disa/]4 ,n[ help1 ye *>m+ spells & p]iapts2 ,& ye *oice spirits t admoni% me ,& give me signs ( future accid5ts4 ,y spe$y help]s1 t are sub/itutes ,"u ! lordly mon>* ( ! nor?1 ,appe> & aid me 9 ?is ent]prise4 ,b %e adds3 ,see1 !y =sake me6 ,n[ ! "t is come ,t ,france mu/ vail h] l(ty-plum$ cre/1 ,& let h] head fall into ,engl&'s lap4 ,my anci5t incantations are too weak1 ,& hell too /rong = me to buckle )3 ,n[1 ,france1 ?y glory droope? to ! du/4 ,f9ally1 convict$ ( practis+ sorc]y1 & fill+ ! _w ) vici\s qualities1 %e 0 condemn$ to be burn$4 ,h] dea?1 h[ev]1 ,sir ,walt] ,scott#di says1 0 n1 we are sorry to say1 a sacrifice to sup]/iti\s fe> ( wit*craft1 b a cruel in/ance ( wick$ policy1 m+l$ ) national jeal\sy & hatr$4 ,! ,duke ( ,b$=d1 :5 ! ill-/>r$ ,jeanne fell into 8 h&s1 took away h] life 9 ord] to /igmatize h] memory ) sorc]y1 & to de/roy ! reputation %e _h acquir$ among ! ,fr5*4 #di ,demonology & ,wit*craft1 #ahha1 pp4 #aib1 #aic4 ,! cases ( ! ,du*ess ( ,gl\ce/] & ( ,jane ,%ore1 also immortaliz$ by ,%akespe>e1 are bo? ref]r$ to 9 ! succe$+ pages4 ,! ,wit* ( ,br5t=d1 m5tion$ by ,mrs4 ,page 9 ,! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7iv4 #b71 0 an actual p]sonage1 ! fame1 says ,/aunton1#ej ( ^: vatic9ations mu/ h be5 traditionally well kn[n to an audi5ce ( ! "t1 al?\gh ! records we possess ( h] are scant en\gh4 ,! *ief ( !m is a black-lett] tract1 pr9t$ by ,william ,copl& 9 ! middle ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 entitl$ ,jyl ( ,bra9t=d's ,te/am5t1 f :i* x appe>s %e 0 ho/ess ( a tav]n at ,br5t=d4#ea ,"o ( ! *>act]s 9 ,dekk] & ,web/]'s ,we/w>d ,ho#eb says1 ,i d\bt t old hag1 ,gillian ( ,bra9=d1 has bewit*$ me4 #ej ,%akespe>e1 #ahfd1 vol ii4 p4 #afa4 #ea ,see ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #ea4 #eb ,web/]'s ,works1 edit$ by ,dyce1 #aheg1 p4 #bch4 ,! wit*es 9 ,macbe? are probably ,scotti% hags4 ,z ,mr4 ,gunnyon rem>ks1#ec ,!y are helli% mon/]s1 brew+ hell-bro?1 hav+ cats & toads = famili>s1 lov+ midnight1 rid+ on ! pass+ /orm1 & devis+ evil aga9/ su* z (f5d !m4 ,!y cr\* b5ea? ! gibbet ( ! murd]]1 meet 9 gloomy cav]ns1 amid e>?quake convulsions1 or 9 ?und]1 lightn+1 & ra94 ,col]idge1 speak+ ( !m1 obs]ves t ! weird si/]s are z true a creation ( ,%akespe>e's z 8 ,ariel & ,caliban--fates1 fairies1 & mat]ializ+ wit*es be+ ! elem5ts4 ,!y are :olly diff]5t f any repres5tation ( wit*es 9 ! contempor>y writ]s1 & yet pres5t$ a suffici5t ext]nal resemblance to ! creatures ( vulg> prejudice to act imm$iately on ! audi5ce4 ,_! "* consi/s 9 ! imag9ative disconnect$ f ! good1 !y are ! %ad[y obscure & fe>fully anomal\s ( physical nature1 elem5tal av5g]s )\t sex or k94 #ec ,illu/rations ( ,scotti% ,hi/ory1 ,life1 & ,sup]/ition1 #ahgi1 p4 #cbb4 ,x has be5 urg$1 h[ev]1 by c]ta9 mod]n critics1 t ^! ?ree si/]s1 :o play su* an important "p 9 ',macbe?1' are n wit*es at all1 b are1 or are intimately alli$ to1 ! ,norns or ,fates ( ,sc&9avian paganism4#ed ,?us1 a writ] 9 ! ,academy 7,feb4 #h1 #ahgi7 ?9ks t ,%akespe>e drew ^u ,sc&9avian my?ology = a portion ( ! mat]ial he us$ 9 con/ruct+ ^! *>act]s1 & t he d]iv$ ! re/ f ! traditions ( contempor>y wit*craft2 9 fact1 t ! si/]s are hybrids betwe5 ,norns & wit*es4 ,! suppos$ pro( ( ?is is t ea* si/] ex]cises ! special function ( "o ( ! ,norns4 ,! ?ird1 x is said1 is ! special prophetess1 :ile ! fir/ takes cognizance ( ! pa/1 & ! second ( ! pres5t1 9 affairs connect$ ) humanity4 ,^! are ! tasks ( ,urda1 ,v]d&i1 & ,skulda4 ,! fir/ beg9s by ask+1 ',:5 %all we ?ree meet aga98' ,! second decides ! "t3 ',:5 ! battle's lo/ & won4' ,! ?ird ! future prophesies3 ',t w be ere ! set ( sun4' ,! fir/ aga9 asks1 ',:]e8' ,! second decides3 ',^u ! hea?4' ,! ?ird ! future prophesies3 ',!re to meet ) ,macbe?4' #ed ,spald+'s ,elizabe?an ,demonology1 #ahhj1 p4 #hf4 ,x is fur!r add$ t ! description ( ! si/]s giv5 by ,banquo 7i4 #c7 applies to ,norns r ?an wit*es3 ,:at are ^! ,s )]'d & s wild 9 _! attire1 ,t look n l ! inhabitants o' ! e>?1 ,& yet are on't8 ,live y8 or are y aught ,t man may "q8 ,y seem to und]/& me1 ,by ea* at once h] *appy f+] lay+ ,^u h] sk9ny lips3 y %\ld be wom51 ,& yet y\r be>ds =bid me to int]pret ,t y are s4 ,b1 z ,mr4 ,spald+ truly adds1 a m accurate poetical c\nt]p>t to ! prose descriptions giv5 by contempor>y writ]s ( ! appe>ance ( ! poor creatures :o 7 *>g$ ) ! crime ( wit*craft c\ld h>dly h be5 p5n$4 ,scot1 = in/ance1 9 8 ,discov]y ( ,wit*craft 7book i4 *ap4 iii4 #g71 says3 ,!y are wom5 :i* commonly be old1 lame1 ble>e-ei$1 pale1 f[le1 & full ( wr9kles2 !y are leane & de=m$1 %[+ melan*olie 9 _! faces4 ,h>snet1 too1 9 8 ,decl>ation ( ,popi% ,impo/ures 7#afjc1 p4 #acf71 speaks ( a wit* z an old wea!r-beat5 crone1 hav+ h] *9 & knees meet+ = age1 walk+ l a b[1 lean+ on a /aff1 holl[-ey$1 un-too!d1 furr[$1 hav+ h] limbs trembl+ ) palsy1 go+ mumbl+ 9 ! /reets2 "o t ha? =gott5 h] pat]no/]1 yet ha? a %rewd tongue to call a drab a drab4 ,! be>d1 also1 to :i* ,%akespe>e ref]s 9 ! passage above1 0 ! recogniz$ *>act]i/ic ( ! wit*4 ,?us1 9 ! ,hone/ ,man's ,=tune 7ii4 #a71 x is said1 ,! wom5 t come to u = disguises mu/ we> be>ds1 & t's to say a tok5 ( a wit*4 ,9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7iv4 #b71 ,sir ,hugh ,evans says ( ! disguis$ ,fal/aff3 ,by yea & no1 ,i ?9k ! 'oman is a wit* inde$3 ,i l n :5 a 'oman has a great pe>d2 ,i spy a great pe>d "u h] muffl]4 ,x seems probable1 !n1 t wit*es are allud$ to by ,%akespe>e 9 ,macbe?1 ! contempor>y lit]ature on ! subject fully support+ ?is !ory4 ,aga91 by 8 introduction ( ,hecate among ! wit*es 9 ,macbe? 7iii4 #e71 ,%akespe>e has be5 c5sur$ = conf\nd+ anci5t ) mod]n sup]/itions4 ,b ! incongruity is f\nd 9 all ! poets ( ! ,r5aissance4 ,hecate1 ( c\rse1 is only ano!r "n = ,diana4 ,wit*craft1 9 tru?1 is no mod]n inv5tion4 ,wit*es 7 believ$ 9 by ! vulg> 9 ! "t ( ,horace z implicitly z 9 ! "t ( ,%akespe>e4 ,& ! belief t ! pagan gods 7 really exi/5t z evil demons is "o :i* has come d[n f ! v e>lie/ ages ( ,*ri/ianity4#ee ,z f> back z ! f\r? c5tury1 ! ,c\ncil ( ,ancyra is said to h condemn$ ! pret5sions ( wit*es2 t 9 ! night-"t !y rode abroad or fea/$ ) _! mi/ress1 :o 0 "o ( ! pagan goddesses1 ,m9]va1 ,sibylla1 or ,diana1 or else ,h]odias4#ef ,9 ,middleton's ,wit*1 ,hecate is ! "n ( "o ( 8 wit*es1 & %e has a son a l[ buffoon4 ,9 ,jonson's ,sad ,%eph]d 7ii4 #a7 ,maudl9 ! wit* calls ,hecate1 ! mi/ress ( wit*es1 ,our dame ,hecate4 ,:ile speak+ ( ! wit*es 9 ,macbe?1 x may be po9t$ out t#eg ! full mean+ ( ! fir/ sc5e is ! fag-end ( a wit*'s ,sabba?1 :i*1 if fully repres5t$1 w\ld be> a /rong resemblance to ! sc5e at ! comm5cem5t ( ! f\r? act4 ,b a long sc5e on su* a subject w\ld be t$i\s & un9t]e/+ at ! comm5cem5t ( ! play4 ,! audi5ce is !re=e left to assume t ! wit*es h met1 p]=m$ _! conjurations1 obta9$ f ! evil spirits ! in=mation conc]n+ ,macbe?'s c>e] t !y desir$ to obta91 & p]haps h be5 comm&$ by ! fi5ds to p]=m ! mission !y subsequ5tly c>ry ?r\gh4 ,br&#eh describes ?is ,sabba? ( ! wit*es z a meet+ to :i* ! si/]hood1 aft] hav+ be5 ano9t$ ) c]ta9 magical o9tm5ts1 provid$ by _! inf]nal lead]1 are suppos$ to be c>ri$ ?r\gh ! air on brooms1 etc4 ,x 0 suppos$ to be held on a ,saturday1 & 9 pa/ c5turies ?is piece ( sup]/ition 0 mo/ ext5sively cr$it$1 & 0 "o ( ! lead+ doctr9es associat$ ) ! sy/em ( wit*craft4 #ee ,notes to ,macbe? 7,cl>k & ,wright71 #ahgg1 p4 #acg4 #ef ,scot's ,discov]y ( ,wit*craft1 #aehd1 book iii4 *ap4 #af4 ,see ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #bce4 #eg ,elizabe?an ,demonology1 pp4 #ajb1 #ajc4 ,see ,conway's ,demonology & ,devil-lore1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bec4 #eh ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 p4 #h4 ,ref]r+1 9 ! next place1 to ! num]\s scatt]$ notices ( wit*es giv5 by ,%akespe>e ?r\gh\t 8 plays1 x is evid5t t he _h made himself ?or\ghly acqua9t$ ) ! sup]/itions connect$ ) ! subject1 _m ( :i* he has describ$ ) ! mo/ m9ute accuracy4 ,x appe>s1 !n1 t al?\gh !y 7 suppos$ to possess extraord9>y p[]s1 :i* !y ex]t$ 9 v>i\s ways1 yet ^! 7 limit$1 z 9 ! case ( ,*ri/mas night1 :51 we are told 9 ,hamlet 7i4 #a71 !y h no p[] to *>m4 ,9 spite1 too1 ( _! be+ able to assume ! =m ( any animal at pleasure1 ! tail 0 always want+4 ,9 ,macbe? 7i4 #c71 ! fir/ wit* says3 ,&1 l a rat )\t a tail1 ,i'll d1 ,i'll d1 & ,i'll d4 ,"o di/9ctive m>k1 also1 ( a 7-wolf1 or human be+ *ang$ into a wolf1 0 ! abs5ce ( a tail4 ,! cat 0 said to be ! =m mo/ commonly assum$ by ! famili> spirits ( wit*es2 z1 = in/ance1 :]e ! fir/ wit* says1 ,i come1 ,graymalk96#ei 7i4 #a71 & fur!r on 7iv4 #a71 ,?rice ! br9d$ cat ha? mew'd4 ,9 ,g]man leg5ds & traditions we f9d frequ5t notice ( wit*es assum+ ! =m ( a cat1 & display+ _! fi5di% "* 9 c]ta9 diabolical acts4 ,x 01 h[ev]1 ! abs5ce ( ! tail t only too (t5 0 ! cause ( ! wit* be+ detect$ 9 h] disguis$ =m4 ,!re 7 v>i\s o!r modes ( detect+ wit*es3 "o be+ ! trial by ! /ool1 to :i* an allusion is made 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7ii4 #a71 :]e ,ajax says to ,!rsites1 ,?\ /ool = a wit*6 --a practice :i* is ?us expla9$ 9 ,grey's ,notes 7ii4 #bcf73 ,9 "o way ( try+ a wit*1 !y us$ to place h] ^u a *air or a /ool1 ) h] legs ti$ cross1 t all ! weight ( h] body might re/ ^u h] seat1 & by t means1 aft] "s "t1 ! circulation ( ! blood w\ld be mu* /opp$1 & h] sitt+ w\ld be z pa9ful z ! wood5 horse2 & %e mu/ cont9ue 9 ?is pa9 tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 )\t ei!r sleep or meat2 & x 0 no wond] t1 :5 !y 7 tir$ out ) su* an ungodly trial1 !y w\ld confess !mselves _m times guilty to free !mselves f su* torture4 #ei ,graymalk9--a gray cat4 ,aga91 x 0 a "p ( ! sy/em ( wit*craft t draw+ blood f a wit* r5d]$ h] en*antm5ts ineffectual4 ,?us1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #e71 ,talbot says to ! ,maid ( ,orleans3 ,i'll h a b\t ) !e2 ,devil or devil's dam1 ,i'll conjure !e3 ,blood w ,i draw on !e1 ?\ art a wit*4 ,an in/ance ( ?is sup]/ition occurr$ "s ye>s ago 9 a ,corni% village1 :5 a man 0 summon$ be=e ! b5* ( magi/rates & f9$1 = hav+ assault$ ! pla9tiff & scrat*$ h] ) a p94 ,inde$1 ?is notion has by no means di$ out4 ,z rec5tly z ! ye> #ahgj1 a man eighty ye>s ( age 0 f9$ at ,b>n/aple1 9 ,devon%ire1 = scrat*+ ) a ne$le ! arm ( a "y girl4 ,he plead$ t he _h suff]$ affliction ?r\gh h] = five ye>s1 _h _h f\r compla9ts on him at once1 _h lo/ f\rte5 can>ies1 & ab\t fifty goldf9*es1 & t 8 neighbors told him ?is 0 ! only way to break ! spell & get out ( h] p[]4#fj #fj ,h5d]son's ,folk-,lore ( ,nor!rn ,c\nties1 p4 #aha4 ,x 01 also1 a popul> belief t a great %>e ( fai? 0 a protection f wit*craft4 ,h5ce1 9 ! ,com$y ( ,errors 7iii4 #b71 ,dromio ( ,syracuse says ( ,nell3 if my brea/ _h n be5 made ( fai? & my he>t ( /eel1 ,%e _h trans=m'd me to a curtail-dog1 & made me turn i' ! :eel4 ,9 ord]1 moreov]1 to *eck ! p[] ( wit*es1 x 0 suppos$ to be necess>y to propitiate !m1 a c]emony :i* 0 (t5 p]=m$4 ,x is allud$ to fur!r on 9 ! same play 7iv4 #c71 :]e ,dromio ( ,syracuse says-- ,"s devils ask b ! p>+s ( "o's nail1 ,a ru%1 a hair1 a drop ( blood1 a p91 ,a nut1 a *]ry-/one2 & 9 ,macbe? we read ( _! be+ propitiat$ by gifts ( blood4 ,wit*es 7 suppos$ to h ! p[] ( creat+ /orms & o!r atmosph]ic di/urbances--a notion to :i* mu* prom95ce is giv5 9 ,macbe?4 ,?us1 ! wit*es elect to meet 9 ?und]1 lightn+1 or ra94 ,!y are repres5t$ z be+ able to loose & b9d ! w9ds 7v4 #c71 to cause vessels to be tempe/-toss$ at sea4 ,h5ce ,macbe? addresses !m 7iv4 #a73 ,?\gh y untie ! w9ds1 & let !m fight ,aga9/ ! *ur*es2 ?\gh ! ye/y waves ,conf\nd & swall[ navigation up2 ,?\gh blad$ corn be lodg$ & trees bl[n d[n2 ,?\gh ca/les topple on _! w>d]s' heads2 ,?\gh palaces & pyramids d slope ,_! heads to _! f\ndations2 ?\gh ! treasure ,( nature's g]m9s tumble all toge!r1 ,ev5 till de/ruction sick54 ,?us1 by way ( illu/ration1 we may quote a curi\s confession made 9 ,scotl&1 ab\t ! ye> #aeia1 by ,agnes ,sampson1 a reput$ wit*4 ,%e v[$ t at ! "t 8 maje/y ,james ,,vi4 0 9 ,d5m>k1 %e took a cat & *ri/5$ x1 & aft]w>ds b\nd to ea* "p ( t cat ! *iefe/ p>ts ( a dead man1 & sev]al jo9ts ( 8 body2 & t 9 ! night foll[+1 ! said cat 0 convey$ into ! mid/ ( ! sea1 by h]self & o!r wit*es1 sail+ 9 _! riddles1 or crieves1 & s left ! said cat "r be=e ! t[n ( ,lei?1 9 ,scotl&4 ,?is done1 !re arose su* a tempe/ 9 ! sea1 z a great] ha? n be5 se51 :i* tempe/ 0 ! cause ( ! p]i%+ ( a boat or vessel com+ f ! t[n ( ,brunt ,isl& to ! t[n ( ,lei?1 :]e9 7 sundry jewels & ri* gifts1 :i* %\ld h be5 pres5t$ to ! new ,que5 ( ,scotl& at 8 maje/y's com+ to ,lei?4 ,aga91 x is confess$ t ! said *ri/5$ cat 0 ! cause ( ! k+'s maje/y's %ip1 at 8 com+ =? ( ,d5m>k1 hav+ a contr>y w9d to ! re/ ( ! %ips !n be+ 9 8 company1 :i* ?+ 0 mo/ /range & true1 z ! k+'s maje/y ackn[l$g$4 ,x is to ?is circum/ance t ,%akespe>e probably alludes 9 ,macbe? 7i4 #c71 :]e he makes ! wit* say3 ,?\gh 8 b>k _c be lo/1 ,yet x %all be tempe/-toss'd4 ,wit*es 7 also believ$ to be able to sell or give w9ds1 a notion ?us describ$ 9 ,drayton's ,moon-,calf 7#hfe73 ,%e c\ld sell w9ds to any "o t w\ld ,buy !m = money1 =c+ !m to hold ,:at "t %e li/$1 tie !m 9 a ?read1 ,:i* ev] z ! seaf>] undid ,!y rose or scantl$1 z 8 sails w\ld drive ,to ! same port :]eas he w\ld arrive4 ,s1 9 ,macbe? 7i4 #c73 #b ,wit*4 ,i'll give !e a w9d4 #a ,wit*4 ,?\'rt k9d4 #c ,wit*4 ,& ,i ano!r4 ,s+] quotes f ,sumn]'s ,la/ ,w & ,te/am5t3 ,9 ,irel&1 & 9 ,d5m>k bo?1 ,wit*es = gold w sell a man a w9d1 ,:i*1 9 ! corn] ( a napk9 wrapp'd1 ,%all bl[ him safe unto :at coa/ he w4 ,at "o "t ! ,f9l&]s & ,lapl&]s drove a pr(itable trade by ! sale ( w9ds4 ,aft] be+ paid !y knitt$ ?ree magical knots1 & told ! buy] t :5 he unti$ ! fir/ he w\ld h a good gale2 :5 ! second1 a /rong w9d2 & :5 ! ?ird1 a sev]e tempe/4#fa #fa ,olaus ,magnus's ,hi/ory ( ! ,go?s1 #afch1 p4 #dg4 ,see note to ,! ,pirate4 ,! sieve1 z a symbol ( ! cl\ds1 has be5 reg>d$ among all nations ( ! ,aryan /ock z ! my?ical vehicle us$ by wit*es1 nightm>es1 & o!r elfi% be+s 9 _! excursions ov] l& & sea4#fb ,?us1 ! fir/ wit* 9 ,macbe? 7i4 #c71 ref]r+ to ! sc(f :i* %e _h receiv$ f a sailor's wife1 says3 ,h] husb&'s to ,aleppo gone1 ma/] o' ! ,tig]3 ,b 9 a sieve ,i'll ?i!r sail4#fc #fb ,see ,h>dwick's ,traditions & ,folk-,lore1 pp4 #ajh1 #aji2 ,kelly's ,indo-,european ,folk-,lore1 pp4 #bad1 #bae4 #fc ,9 ,greek1 ,greek3 hepi rhip\s ple91 to g to sea 9 a sieve1 0 a prov]bial expression = an ent]prise ( extreme haz>d or impossible ( a*ievem5t4--,cl>k & ,wright's ,notes to ,macbe?1 #ahgg1 p4 #hb4 ,/ories ( voyages p]=m$ 9 ?is way are common en\gh 9 ,g]many4 ,a man1 = in/ance1 go+ ?r\gh a corn-field1 f9ds a sieve on ! pa?1 :i* he takes ) him4 ,he does n g f> be=e a "y lady hurries aft] him1 & hunts up & d[n z if look+ = some?+1 ejaculat+ all ! "t1 ,h[ my *ildr5 are cry+ 9 ,engl&6 ,!reupon ! man lays d[n ! sieve1 & has h>dly done s ere sieve & lady vani%4 ,9 ! case ( ano!r damsel ( ! same species1 m5tion$ by ,mr4 ,kelly1 ! usual exclamation is ?us v>i$3 ,my sieve rim6 my sieve rim6 h[ my "m is call+ me 9 ,engl&6 ,at ! s\nd ( h] "m's voice ! daught] imm$iately ?9ks ( h] sieve4 ,/eev5s quotes f ! ,life ( ,doctor ,fian1 a notable sorc]]1 burn$ at ,ed9burgh1 ,janu>y1 #aeia1 h[ t he & a numb] ( wit*es w5t to sea1 ea* "o 9 a riddle or cive4 ,9 ! ,discov]y ( ,wit*craft1 ,reg9ald ,scot says x 0 believ$ t wit*es c\ld sail 9 an egg-%ell1 a cockle or muscle-%ell1 ?r\gh & "u ! tempe/u\s seas4 ,?us1 9 ,p]icles 7iv4 #d71 ,g[] says3 ,?us "t we wa/e1 & longe/ leagues make %ort2 ,sail seas 9 cockles1 h1 & wi% b ='t4 ,_! dance is ?us notic$ 9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #a73 ,i'll *>m ! air to give a s\nd ,:ile y p]=m y\r antic r\nd4 ,wit*es also 7 suppos$ to h ! p[] ( vani%+ at w1 a notion ref]r$ to 9 ,macbe? 7i4 #c71 :]e1 9 reply to ,banquo's inquiry z to :i!r ! wit*es are vani%$1 ,macbe? replies3 ,into ! air2 & :at seem'd corporal melt$ ,z brea? into ! w9d4 ,9 8 lett] to 8 wife he likewise obs]ves3 ,!y made !mselves air1 into :i* !y vani%$4 ,hecate1 9 ! ?ird act1 fif? sc5e1 aft] giv+ in/ructions to ! weird ho/1 says3 ,i am = ! air2 ?is night ,i'll sp5d ,unto a dismal & a fatal end4 ,to ?is purpose !y prep>$ v>i\s o9tm5ts1 conc]n+ :i* ,reg9ald ,scot#fd says3 ,! devil tea*e? !m to make o9tm5t ( ! b[els & memb]s ( *ildr51 :]eby !y ride 9 ! air & accompli% all _! desires4 ,aft] burial !y /eal !m out ( _! graves & see! !m 9 a caldron till ! fle% be made potable1 ( :i* !y make an o9tm5t by :i* !y ride 9 ! air4 ,"l ,bacon also in=ms u t ! o9tm5t ! wit*es use is report$ to be made ( ! fat ( *ildr5 digg$ out ( _! graves1 ( ! juices ( smallage1 wolf bane1 & c9quefoil1 m+l$ ) ! meal ( f9e :eat2 b ,i suppose ! soporif]\s m$ic9es are like/ to d x1 :i* are h5bane1 hemlock1 m&rake1 moon%ade--or r night%ade--tobacco1 opium1 saffron1#fe etc4 ,^! wit* recipes1 :i* are v num]\s1 are well illu/rat$ 9 ,%akespe>e's grim caldron sc5e1 9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #a71 :]e ! fir/ wit* speaks ( grease t's sweat5 ,f ! murd]]'s gibbet4 ,we may comp>e a simil> notion giv5 by ,apuleius1 :o1 9 describ+ ! process us$ by ! wit*1 ,milo's wife1 = trans=m+ h]self into a bird1 says3 ,t %e cut ! lumps ( fle% ( su* z 7 hang$4#ff #fd ,discov]y ( ,wit*craft1 #aehd1 book iii4 *ap4 i4 p4 #dj2 see ,spald+'s ,elizabe?an ,demonology1 p4 #ajc4 #fe ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 vol4 iii4 pp4 #h-aj4 #ff ,d\ce1 ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #bde1 says3 ,see ,adl+ton's ,translation 7#aeif1 p4 #di71 a book c]ta9ly us$ by ,%akespe>e on o!r occasions4 ,ano!r way by :i* wit*es ex]cise _! p[] 0 by look+ into futurity1 z 9 ,macbe? 7i4 #c71 :]e ,banquo says to !m3 ,if y c look into ! se$s ( "t1 ,& say :i* gra9 w gr[ & :i* w n1 ,speak !n to me4 ,*>les ,knight1 9 8 biography ( ,%akespe>e1 quotes a wit* trial1 :i* aptly illu/rates ! passage above2 ! case be+ t ( ,johnnet ,wis*]t1 :o 0 indict$ = pass+ to ! gre5-gr[+ corn 9 ,may1 tw5ty-two ye>s s9ce1 or !reby1 sitt+ !reupon tym\s 9 ! morn+ be=e ! sun-ris+2 & be+ !re f\nd & dem&$ :at %e 0 do+1 ?us answ]$1 ,i %all tell !e2 ,i h be5 pil+ ! blades ( ! corn4 ,i f9d x w be a de> ye>2 ! blade ( ! corn gr[s )]sones contr>y to ! c\rse ( ! sun1 & :5 x gr[s sonegatis ab\t ) ! c\rse ( ! sun1 x w be a good1 *eap ye>4 ,accord+ to a common notion firmly believ$ 9 days gone by1 wit*es 7 suppos$ to make wax5 figures ( ^? !y int5d$ to h>m1 :i* !y /uck ?r\gh ) p9s1 or melt$ be=e a sl[ fire4 ,!n1 z ! figure wa/$1 s ! p]son x repres5t$ 0 said to wa/e away also4 ,?us1 9 ,macbe? 7i4 #c71 ! fir/ wit* says3 ,we>y sev'n-nights1 n9e times n9e1 ,%all he dw9dle1 peak1 & p9e4 ,ref]r+ to ! hi/ories ( ! ,du*ess ( ,gl\ce/] & ( ,jane ,%ore1 :o 7 accus$ ( practis+ ?is mode ( wit*craft1 ,%akespe>e1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #b71 makes ! =m] address ,hume ?us3 ,:at say'/ ?\1 man8 ha/ !m z yet conf]r'd ,) ,m>g]y ,j\rda91 ! cunn+ wit*1 ,) ,rog] ,bol+broke1 ! conjur]8 ,& w !y und]take to d me good8 ,%e 0 aft]w>ds1 h[ev]1 accus$ ( consult+ wit*es conc]n+ ! mode ( compass+ ! dea? ( h] husb&'s nephew1 ,h5ry ,,vi4 ,x 0 ass]t$ t !re 0 f\nd 9 ! possession ( h]self & accomplices a wax5 image ( ! k+1 :i* !y melt$ 9 a magical mann] be=e a sl[ fire1 ) ! int5tion ( mak+ ,h5ry's =ce & vigor wa/e away by l ins5sible degrees4 ,a simil> *>ge 0 br\ght aga9/ ,jane ,%ore1 ! mi/ress ( ,edw>d ,,iv41 by ,ri*>d1 ,duke ( ,gl\ce/]4 ,?us1 9 ,k+ ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7iii4 #d71 ,gl\ce/] asks ,ha/+s3 ,i pray y all1 tell me :at !y des]ve ,t d conspire my dea? ) devili% plots ,( damn$ wit*craft1 & t h prevail'd ,^u my body ) _! helli% *>ms8 ,& he !n fur!r adds3 ,look h[ ,i am bewit*'d2 behold m9e arm ,is1 l a bla/$ sapl+1 )]'d up3 ,& ?is is ,edw>d's wife1 t mon/r\s wit*1 ,consort$ ) t h>lot1 /rumpet ,%ore1 ,t by _! wit*craft ?us h m>k$ me4 ,?is sup]/ition is fur!r allud$ to 9 ,k+ ,john 7v4 #d7 by ,melun1 :o1 w\nd$1 says3 ,h ,i n hide\s dea? )9 my view1 ,reta9+ b a quantity ( life1 ,:i* ble$s away1 ev5 z a =m ( wax ,resolve? f 8 figure 'ga9/ ! fire8 ,&1 aga91 9 ,! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7ii4 #d71 ,proteus says3 = n[ my love is ?aw'd2 ,:i*1 l a wax5 image 'ga9/ a fire1 ,be>s no impression ( ! ?+ x 04#fg #fg ,see ,h5d]son's ,folk-,lore ( ! ,nor!rn ,c\nties1 #ahgi1 p4 #aha4 ,images 7 frequ5tly =m$ ( o!r mat]ials1 & maltreat$ 9 "s =m or o!r1 to produce simil> results--a piece ( sup]/ition :i* /ill prevails to a great ext5t 9 ! ,ea/4 ,dubois1 9 8 ,p ( ,india 7#ahbe71 speaks ( magicians :o make small images 9 mud or clay1 & !n write ! names ( _! animosity on ! brea/s !re(2 ^! are o!rwise pi]c$ ) ?orns or mutilat$1 s z to communicate a correspond+ injury to ! p]son repres5t$4 ,!y 7 also said to extract moi/ure f ! body1 z 9 ,macbe? 7i4 #c73 ,i w dra9 him dry z hay4 ,ref]r+ to ! o!r mis*iev\s acts ( wit*es1 ,/eev5s quotes ! foll[+ f ,a ,detection ( ,damnable ,driftes ,practis$ by ,?ree ,wit*es1 etc41 arraign$ at ,*elmis=de1 9 ,essex1 #aegi3 ,item--,also %e came on a tyme to ! h\se ( "o ,rob]t ,la?burie1 :o1 dislyk+ h] dealyng1 s5t h] home emptie2 b pres5tly aft] h] dep>ture 8 hogges fell sicke & di$1 to ! numb] ( tw5tie4 ,h5ce 9 ,macbe? 7i4 #c7 9 reply to ! inquiry ( ! fir/ wit*3 ,:]e ha/ ?\ be51 si/]8 ! second replies3 ,kill+ sw9e4 ,x appe>s to h be5 _! practice to de/roy ! cattle ( _! neighbors1 & ! f>m]s h to ?is day _m c]emonies to secure _! c[s & o!r cattle f wit*craft2 b !y seem to h be5 mo/ suspect$ ( malice aga9/ sw9e4 ,h>snet obs]ves h[1 =m]ly1 ,a s[ c\ld n be ill ( ! measles1 nor a girl ( ! sull5s1 b "s old woman 0 *>g$ ) wit*craft4#fh #fh ,see ,pig1 *ap4 vi4 ,mr4 ,h5d]son1 9 8 ,folk-,lore ( ! ,nor!rn ,c\nties 7#ahgi1 p4 #ahb71 relates h[ a few ye>s ago a wit* di$ 9 ! village ( ,bovey ,tracey1 ,devon%ire4 ,%e 0 accus$ ( ov]look+ h] neighbors' pigs1 s t h] son1 if ev] betray$ into a qu>rel ) h]1 us$ always to say1 be=e !y p>t$1 ,"m1 "m1 sp>e my pigs4 ,multiples ( ?ree & n9e 7 specially employ$ by wit*es1 anci5t & mod]n4 ,?us1 9 ,macbe? 7i4 #c71 ! wit*es take hold ( h&s & dance r\nd 9 a r+ n9e times--?ree r\nds = ea* wit*1 z a *>m = ! fur!rance ( h] purposes3#fi ,?rice to ?9e & ?rice to m9e1 ,& ?rice aga91 to make up n9e4 ,peace6 ! *>m's w\nd up4 #fi ,notes to ,macbe?1 by ,cl>k & ,wright1 #ahgg1 p4 #hd4 ,! love ( wit*es = odd numb]s is fur!r illu/rat$ 7iv4 #a71 :]e "o ( !m tells h[ ,?rice & once ! h$ge-pig :9$1 ?is be+ ! wit*es' way ( say+ f\r times4 ,9 ,fairfax's ,tasso 7book xiii4 /anza #f7 x is said t ,wit*craft love? numb]s odd4 ,?is notion is v old1 & we may comp>e ! foll[+ quotations f ,ovid's ,metamorphoses 7xiv4 #eh73 ,t] novies c>m5 magico demurmurat ore4 ,&1 aga9 7vii4 #ahi-aia73 ,t] se conv]tit2 t] sumtis flum9e cr9em ,irroravit aquis2 t]nis ululatibus ora ,solvit4 ,v]gil1 too1 9 8 ,eclogues 7viii4 #ge71 says3 ,num]o deus imp>e gaudet4 ,! belief 9 ! luck ( odd numb]s is notic$ by ,fal/aff 9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7v4 #a73 ,!y say !re is div9ity 9 odd numb]s1 ei!r 9 nativity1 *ance1 or dea?6 ,9 ,k+ ,le> 7iv4 #b7 :5 ! ,duke ( ,albany tells ,gon]il1 ,%e t h]self w sliv] & disbran* ,f h] mat]ial sap1 p]=ce mu/ )] ,& come to deadly use-- he alludes to ! use t wit*es & en*ant]s 7 commonly suppos$ to make ( )]$ bran*es 9 _! *>ms4#gj #gj ,see ,jones's ,cr$ulities1 ,pa/ & ,pres5t1 #ahhj1 pp4 #bef-bhi4 ,among o!r items ( wit*-lore m5tion$ by ,%akespe>e may be notic$ ! common belief 9 ! int]c\rse betwe5 demons & wit*es1 to :i* ,prosp]o alludes 9 ! ,tempe/ 7i4 #b73 ,?\ poison\s slave1 got by ! devil himself ,^u ?y wick$ dam1 come =?6 ,?is notion is s]i\sly refut$ by ,scot 9 8 ,discov]y ( ,wit*craft 7book iv471 :]e he %[s x to be flat knav]y4 ,! (fspr+ ( a wit* 0 t]m$ ,hag-se$1 & z su* is spok5 ( by ,prosp]o 9 ! ,tempe/ 7i4 #b74 ,wit*es 7 also 9 ! habit ( say+ _! pray]s backw>ds3 a practice to :i* ,h]o ref]s 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7iii4 #a71 :]e1 speak+ ( ,beatrice1 %e says3 ,i nev] yet saw man1 ,h[ wise1 h[ noble1 "y1 h[ r>ely featur$1 ,b %e w\ld spell him backw>d4 ,famili> spirits#ga att5d+ on magicians & wit*es 7 always impati5t ( conf9em5t4#gb ,s 9 ! ,tempe/ 7i4 #b7 we f9d an illu/ration ( ?is notion 9 ! foll[+ dialogue3 ,prosp]o4 ,:at is't ?\ can/ dem&8 ,ariel4 ,my lib]ty4 ,prosp]o4 ,be=e ! "t be out8 ,no m4 #ga ,allusions to ?is sup]/ition occur 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7i4 #b71 love is a famili>2 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #b71 ,i ?9k h] old famili> is asleep2 & 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iv4 #g71 he has a famili> "u 8 tongue4 #gb ,see ,scot's ,discov]y ( ,wit*craft1 #aehd1 p4 #he4 ,la/ly1 ! t]m ,aro9t !e 7,macbe?1 i4 #c71 us$ by ! fir/ wit*1 occurs aga9 9 ,k+ ,le> 7iii4 #d71 ,aro9t !e1 wit*1 aro9t !e4 ,t aro9t is equival5t to away1 begone1 seems to be agre$1 ?\gh its etymology is unc]ta94#gc ,rynt !e is us$ by milkmaids 9 ,*e%ire to a c[1 :5 %e has be5 milk$1 to bid h] get out ( ! way4 ,ray1 9 8 ,collection ( ,nor? ,c\ntry ,words 7#agfh1 p4 #eb71 gives ,rynt ye1 by y\r leave1 /& h&somely1 z rynt y wit*1 quo? ,bessie ,locket to h] "m4 ,prov]b1 ,*e%4 ,"s connect x ) ! adv]b ar\me1 mean+ abroad1 f\nd 9 ,*auc]'s ,h\se ( ,fame 7book ii4 /anza #cb73 ,t ,i a-r\me 0 9 ! field4 ,o!r d]ivations are f ! ,lat9 av]runco3 ! ,italian rogna1 a cutane\s disease1 etc4 #gc ,sec ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 pp4 #ah1 #ai4 ,h[ ?or\ghly ,%akespe>e 0 acqua9t$ ) ! sy/em ( wit*craft is evid5t f ! prec$+ pages1 9 :i* we h notic$ 8 allusions to mo/ ( ! prom95t =ms ( ?is species ( sup]/ition4 ,_m o!r items ( wit*-lore1 h[ev]1 are ref]r$ to by him1 m5tion ( :i* is made 9 succe$+ *apt]s4#gd #gd ,notes to ,macbe? 7,cl>k & ,wright71 pp4 #ha1 #hb4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,gho/s4 ,few subjects h1 f "t immemorial1 possess$ a wid] int]e/ ?an gho/s1 & ! sup]/itions associat$ ) !m 9 ?is & o!r c\ntries =m an ext5sive collection 9 folk-lore lit]ature4 ,9 ,%akespe>e's day1 x w\ld seem t ! belief 9 gho/s 0 specially preval5t1 & gho/ tales 7 told by ! firelight 9 ne>ly e h\sehold4 ,! "y1 z ,mr4 ,goadby1 9 8 ,engl& ( ,%akespe>e1 says 7#ahha1 p4 #aif71 7 ?us t\*$ by ! prevail+ sup]/itions 9 _! mo/ impressionable ye>s4 ,!y look$ = ! incorporeal creatures ( :om !y _h he>d1 & !y 7 quick to inve/ any trick ( moonbeam %ad[ ) ! attributes ( ! sup]natural4 ,a description ( "o ( ^! tale-tell+s is giv5 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7ii4 #a73 ,h]4 ,:at wisdom /irs among/ y8 ,come1 sir1 n[ ,i am = y aga93 pray y1 sit by u1 ,& tell's a tale4 ,mam4 ,m]ry or sad %all't be8 ,h]4 ,z m]ry z y w4 ,mam4 ,a sad tale's be/ = w9t]3 ,i h "o ( sprites & gobl9s4 ,h]4 ,let's h t1 good sir4 ,come on1 sit d[n3 ,come on1 & d y\r be/ ,to fright me ) y\r sprites3 y're p[]ful at x4 ,mam4 ,!re 0 a man1-- ,h]4 ,nay1 come1 sit d[n2 !n on4 ,mam4 ,dwelt by a *ur*y>d3 ,i w tell x s(tly2 ,yond crickets %all n he> x4 ,h]4 ,come on1 !n1 ,& give't me 9 m9e e>4 ,! important "p :i* ,%akespe>e has assign$ to ! gho/ 9 ,hamlet has a special value1 inasmu* z x illu/rates _m ( ! old beliefs curr5t 9 8 day respect+ _! hi/ory & habits4 ,?us1 accord+ to a popul> notion1 gho/s are g5]ally suppos$ to assume ! exact appe>ance by :i* !y 7 usually kn[n :5 9 ! mat]ial /ate1 ev5 to ! smalle/ detail ( _! dress4 ,s ,horatio tells ,hamlet h[1 :5 ,m>cellus & ,b]n>do 7 on _! wat* 7i4 #b71 ,a figure l y\r fa!r1 ,arm'd at po9t1 exactly1 cap-a-pe1 ,appe>s be=e !m1 & ) solemn m>* ,goes sl[ & /ately by !m4 ,fur!r on1 :5 ! gho/ appe>s aga91 ,hamlet addresses x ?us3 ,:at may ?is mean1 ,t ?\1 dead corse1 aga91 9 complete /eel1 ,revisit'/ ?us ! glimpses ( ! moon1 ,mak+ night hide\s4 ,9 ! graphic description ( ,banquo's gho/ 9 ,macbe? 7iii4 #d71 we h a fur!r allusion to ! same belief2 "o1 inde$1 :i* is reta9$ at ! pres5t day ) z mu* fai? z 9 days ( old4 ,%akespe>e has sev]al allusions to ! notion :i* prevail$ 9 days gone by1 ( c]ta9 p]sons be+ able to exorcise or raise spirits4 ,?us1 9 ,cymbel9e 7iv4 #b71 ,guid]ius says ov] ,fidele's grave3 ,no exorcis] h>m !e4 ,9 ,julius ,cs> 7ii4 #a71 ,lig>ius says3 ,s\l ( ,rome6 ,brave son1 d]iv$ f hon\rable lo9s6 ,?\1 l an exorci/1 ha/ conjur$ up ,my mortifi$ _s4 ,n[ bid me run1 ,& ,i w /rive ) ?+s impossible2 ,yea1 get ! bett] ( !m4 ,9 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well 7v4 #c7 ! k+ says3 ,is !re no exorci/ ,beguiles ! tru] (fice ( m9e eyes8 ,is't real t ,i see8 ,?is sup]/ition1 x may be add$1 has ( late ye>s ga9$ additional notoriety s9ce ! s-call$ spiritualism has attract$ ! att5tion & support ( ! cr$ul\s4 ,z le>n+ 0 consid]$ necess>y = an exorci/1 ! s*oolma/] 0 (t5 employ$4 ,?us1 9 ! ,com$y ( ,errors 7iv4 #d71 ! s*oolma/] ,p9* is introduc$ 9 ?is capacity4 ,)91 inde$1 ! la/ fifty ye>s ! p$agogue 0 /ill a reput$ conjur]4 ,9 ,hamlet 7i4 #a71 ,m>cellus1 allud+ to ! gho/1 says3 ,?\ art a s*ol>2 speak to x1 ,horatio4 ,& 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7ii4 #a71 ,b5$ick says3 ,i w\ld to ,god "s s*ol> w\ld conjure h]4 ,= ! same reason exorcisms 7 usually practis$ by ! cl]gy 9 ,lat92 & s ,toby1 9 ! ,night ,walk] ( ,beaumont & ,flet*] 7ii4 #a71 says3 ,let's call ! butl] up1 = he speaks ,lat91 ,& t w daunt ! devil4 ,x 0 also necess>y t spirits1 :5 evok$1 %\ld be que/ion$ quickly1 z !y 7 suppos$ to be impati5t ( be+ int]rogat$4 ,h5ce 9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #a7 ! app>ition says3 ,dismiss me4 ,en\gh6 ,! _s1 likewise1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #d7 utt]s ^! words3 ,ask :at ?\ wilt4 ,t ,i _h said & done6 ,spirits 7 suppos$ to ma9ta9 an obdurate sil5ce till int]rogat$ by ! p]sons to :om !y made _! special appe>ance4#ge ,?us ,hamlet1 allud+ to ! appe>ance ( ! gho/1 asks ,horatio 7i4 #b73 ,did y n speak to x8 ,:]eupon he replies3 ,my "l1 ,i did2 ,b answ] made x none3 yet once1 me?\ght ,x lift$ up its head & did address ,itself to motion1 l z x w\ld speak4 #ge ,we may comp>e ! words unque/ionable _s 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7iii4 #b71 :i* means a _s av]se to conv]sation4 ,! walk+ ( spirits seems also to h be5 enjo9$ by way ( p5ance4 ,! gho/ ( ,hamlet's fa!r 7i4 #e7 says3 ,i am ?y fa!r's _s1 ,doom'd = a c]ta9 t]m to walk ! night1 ,& = ! day conf9'd to fa/ 9 fires1 ,till ! f\l crimes done 9 my days ( nature ,are burnt & purg'd away4 ,& fur!r on 7iii4 #b7 ,hamlet exclaims3 ,x is a damn$ gho/ t we h se54 ,?is sup]/ition is ref]r$ to by ,sp5s] 9 8 ,fairy ,que5 7book i4 canto #b73 ,:at voice ( damn$ gho/ f ,limbo lake ,or guileful spright w&'r+ 9 empty ayre1 ,s5ds to my d\btful e>es ^! spee*es r>e8 ,accord+ to a univ]sal belief preval5t f ! e>lie/ times1 x 0 suppos$ t gho/s _h "s p>ticul> reason = quitt+ ! mansions ( ! dead1 su* z a desire t _! bodies1 if unburi$1 %\ld receive ,*ri/ian rites ( sepulture1 t a murd]] might be br\ght to due puni%m5t1 etc4#gf ,on ?is acc\nt ,horatio 7,hamlet1 i4 #a7 invokes ! gho/3 ,if !re be any good ?+ to be done1 ,t may to !e d ease & grace to me1 ,speak to me4 ,& 9 a lat] sc5e 7i4 #d7 ,hamlet says3 ,say1 :y is ?is8 :]e=e8 ,:at %\ld we d8 #gf ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 pp4 #dej1 #dea4 ,! ,greeks believ$ t su* z _h n receiv$ fun]al rites w\ld be exclud$ f ,elysium2 & ?us ! w&]+ %ade ( ,patroclus appe>s to ,a*illes 9 8 sleep1 & dem&s ! p]=mance ( 8 fun]al4 ,! y\ng] ,pl9y tells a /ory ( a haunt$ h\se at ,a!ns1 9 :i* a gho/ play$ all k9ds ( pranks1 ow+ to 8 fun]al rites hav+ be5 neglect$4 ,a fur!r ref]5ce to ! sup]/ition occurs 9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7i4 #a71 :]e ,lucius1 speak+ ( ! unburi$ sons ( ,titus1 says3 ,give u ! pr\de/ prison] ( ! ,go?s1 ,t we may hew 8 limbs1 &1 on a pile1 ,ad manes fratrum sacrifice 8 fle%1 ,be=e ?is e>?y prison ( _! bones2 ,t s ! %ad[s be n unappeas$1 ,nor we di/urb$ ) prodigies on e>?4 ,9 old5 times1 spirits 7 said to h diff]5t allotm5ts ( "t1 suitable to ! v>iety & nature ( _! ag5cy4 ,prosp]o1 9 ! ,tempe/ 7i4 #b71 says to ,caliban3 ,be sure1 to-night ?\ %alt h cramps1 ,side-/it*es t %all p5 ?y brea? up2 ur*9s ,%all1 = t va/#gg ( night t !y may "w1 ,all ex]cise on !e4 #gg ,va/1 i4 e41 space ( night4 ,s 9 ,hamlet 7i4 #b73 ,9 ! dead wa/e & middle ( ! night4 ,accord+ to a popul> notion1 ! pres5ce ( une>?ly be+s 0 ann\nc$ by an alt]ation 9 ! t9t ( ! lights :i* happ5$ to be burn+--a sup]/ition allud$ to 9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7v4 #c71 :]e ! tyrant exclaims1 z he awak5s3 ,! lights burn blue4--,x is n[ dead midnight1 ,cold fe>ful drops /& on my trembl+ fle%-- 99 99 99 99 99 ,me?\ght ! s\ls ( all t ,i _h murd]'d ,came to my t5t4 ,s 9 ,julius ,cs> 7iv4 #c71 ,brutus1 on see+ ! gho/ ( ,cs>1 exclaims3 ,h[ ill ?is tap] burns6 ,ha6 :o comes "h8 ,x has be5 a widespread belief f ! mo/ remote p]iod t gho/s _c be> ! light1 & s disappe> at ! dawn ( day2 _! signal be+ ! cock-cr[4#gh ,! gho/ ( ,hamlet's fa!r says 7i4 #e73 ,b1 s(t6 me?9ks ,i sc5t ! morn+ air2 ,brief let me be-- &-- ,f>e !e well at once4 ,! gl[-worm %[s ! mat9 to be ne>1 ,& 'g9s to pale 8 uneffectual fire3 ,adieu1 adieu6 ,hamlet1 rememb] me4 #gh ,see p4 #ajd4 ,aga91 9 ,k+ ,le> 7iii4 #d71 ,edg> says3 ,?is is ! f\l fi5d ,flibb]tigibbet3 he beg9s at curfew1 & walks till ! fir/ cock4 ,! "t ( night1 z ! season :]e9 spirits w&] abroad1 is fur!r notic$ by ,g>d9] 9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7v4 #a73 ,affairs1 t walk1 ,z !y say spirits d1 at midnight4 ,x 0 a preval5t notion t a p]son :o cross$ ! spot on :i* a spectre 0 se5 became subject to its malignant influ5ce4 ,9 ,hamlet 7i4 #a71 ,horatio says1 9 ref]5ce to ! gho/3 ,b s(t1 behold6 lo1 :]e x comes aga96 ,i'll cross x1 ?\gh x bla/ me4 ,lodge1 9 8 ,illu/rations ( ,briti% ,hi/ory 7iii4 #dh71 tells u t among ! reasons = suppos+ ! dea? ( ,f]d9&1 ,e>l ( ,d]by 7:o di$ "y1 9 #aeid71 to h be5 occasion$ by wit*craft1 0 ! foll[+3 ,on ,friday !re appe>$ a tall man1 :o twice cross$ him swiftly2 & :5 ! e>l came to ! place :]e he saw ?is man1 he fell sick4 ,reg9ald ,scot1 9 8 ,discov]y ( ,wit*craft 7#aehd71 enum]ates ! diff]5t k9ds ( spirits1 & p>ticul>ly notices :ite1 black1 gray1 & r$ spirits4 ,s 9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #a71 black spirits are m5tion$--! *>m song ref]r$ to 7l ! "o 9 act iv47 be+ f\nd 9 ,middleton's ,wit* 7v4 #b73 ,black spirits & :ite1 ,r$ spirits & gray2 ,m+le1 m+le1 m+le1 ,y t m+le may4 ,a well-kn[n sup]/ition :i* /ill prevails 9 ?is & =eign c\ntries is t ( ! spectre huntsman & 8 furi\s ho/4 ,z night-"t approa*es1 x is suppos$ t ?is invisible p]sonage rides ?r\gh ! air ) 8 yelp+ h\nds2 _! weird s\nd be+ ?\ght to =bode mis=tune ( "s k9d4 ,?is popul> piece ( folk-lore exi/s 9 ! nor? ( ,engl& "u a v>iety ( =ms among our peasantry1 :o t5aci\sly cl+ to ! traditions :i* h be5 h&$ d[n to !m4#gi ,x has be5 sugge/$ t ,%akespe>e _h "s ( ^! sup]/itions 9 view :5 he plac$ 9 ! m\? ( ,macbe? 7i4 #g71 :ile contemplat+ ! murd] ( ,duncan1 ! foll[+ metaphors3 ,& pity1 l a nak$ new-born babe1 ,/rid+ ! bla/1 or heav5's *]ubim1 hors$ ,^u ! sightless c\ri]s ( ! air1 ,%all bl[ ! horrid de$ 9 e eye1 ,t te>s %all dr[n ! w9d6 #gi ,see ,h>dwick's ,traditions1 ,sup]/itions1 & ,folk-lore1 #ahgb1 pp4 #aec-agf4 ,aga91 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7iv4 #a71 ,prosp]o & ,ariel are repres5t$ z sett+ on spirits1 9 ! %ape ( h\nds1 to hunt ,/ephano & ,tr9culo4 ,?is species ( diabolical or spectral *ase 0 =m]ly a popul> article ( belief4 ,z ,drake aptly rem>ks1#hj ! hell-h\nds ( ,%akespe>e appe> to be suffici5tly =midable1 =1 n m]ely commission$ to hunt _! victims1 !y are ord]$1 likewise1 z gobl9s1 to-- gr9d _! jo9ts ,) dry convulsions2 %ort5 up _! s9ews ,) ag$ cramps2 & m p9*-spott$ make !m ,?an p>d or cat o' m\nta94 ,ariel4 ,h>k1 !y ro>6 ,prosp]o4 ,let !m be hunt$ s\ndly4 #hj ,%akespe>e & ,8 ,times1 vol4 i4 p4 #cgh4 ,,transmigration ,,( ,,s\ls4 ,%akespe>e has sev]al ref]5ces to ! old sup]/iti\s belief 9 ! transmigration ( s\ls1 traces ( :i* may /ill be f\nd 9 ! rev]5ce paid to ! rob91 ! wr51 & o!r birds4 ,?us1 9 ,! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7iv4 #a71 ,gratiano says to ,%ylock3 ,?\ almo/ make/ me wav] 9 my fai? ,to hold op9ion ) ,py?agoras ,t s\ls ( animals infuse !mselves ,into ! trunks ( m53 ?y curri% _s ,gov]n'd a wolf1 :o1 hang'd = human slaught]1 ,ev5 f ! gall[s did 8 fell s\l fleet1 ,&1 :il/ ?\ lay'/ 9 ?y unhall['d dam1 ,infus$ itself 9 !e2 = ?y desires ,are wolfi%1 bloody1 />v$1 & rav5\s4 ,caliban1 :5 remon/rat+ ) ! drunk5 ,/ephano & ,tr9culo1 = delay+ at ! m\? ( ! cave ( ,prosp]o1 in/ead ( tak+ ! magician's life 7,tempe/1 iv4 #a71 says3 ,i w h none on't3 we %all lose our "t1 ,& all be turn'd to b>nacles1 or to apes4 ,9 ,hamlet 7iv4 #e71 9 ! sc5e :]e ,ophelia1 9 h] m5tal ab]ration1 quotes snat*es ( old ballads1 %e says3 ,!y say ! owl 0 a bak]'s daught]6 ,"l1 we "k :at we are1 b "k n :at we may be4#ha #ha ,see ,owl1 *ap4 vi4 ,aga91 9 ,twelf? ,night 7iv4 #b71 !re is ano!r ref]5ce 9 ! amus+ passage :]e ! cl[n1 "u ! pret5ce ( 8 be+ ,sir ,topas1 ! curate1 que/ions ,malvolio1 :5 conf9$ 9 a d>k room1 z a presum$ lunatic3 ,mal4 ,i am no m mad ?an y are3 make ! trial ( x 9 any con/ant "q4 ,clo4 ,:at is ! op9ion ( ,py?agoras conc]n+ wild f[l8 ,mal4 ,t ! s\l ( our gr&am might haply inhabit a bird4 ,clo4 ,:at ?9ke/ ?\ ( 8 op9ion8 ,mal4 ,i ?9k nobly ( ! s\l1 & no way approve 8 op9ion4 ,clo4 ,f>e !e well4 ,rema9 ?\ /ill 9 d>kness3 ?\ %alt hold ! op9ion ( ,py?agoras ere ,i w all[ ( ?y wits1 & fe> to kill a woodcock le/ ?\ dispossess ! s\l ( ?y gr&am4 ,al?\gh ?is primitive sup]/ition is almo/ effete among civiliz$ nations1 yet x /ill reta9s an important place 9 ! religi\s beliefs ( savage & unciviliz$ communities4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,demonology ,,& ,,devil-,,lore4 ,! /ate ( popul> feel+ 9 pa/ c5turies ) reg>d to ! active ag5cy ( devils has be5 well repres5t$ by ,reg9ald ,scot1 :o1 9 8 "w on ,wit*craft1 has %[n h[ ! sup]/iti\s belief 9 demonology 0 "p ( ! great sy/em ( wit*craft4 ,_m ( ! popul> delusions ( ?is t]rible =m ( sup]/ition h be5 9 a ma/]ly mann] expos$ by ,%akespe>e2 & ! scatt]$ allusions :i* he has giv51 illu/rative ( x1 are inde$ suffici5t to prove1 if x 7 necess>y1 :at a highly elaborate cre$ x 04 ,happily1 ,%akespe>e1 l ! o!r dramati/s ( ! p]iod1 has g5]ally treat$ ! subject ) ridicule1 %[+ t he _h no sympa?y ) ! gross] op9ions %>$ by v>i\s classes 9 ^? times1 :e!r held by k+ or cl[n4 ,accord+ to an old belief1 /ill firmly cr$it$ 9 ! poet's day1 x 0 suppos$ t devils c\ld at any mom5t assume :atev] =m !y pleas$ t w\ld mo/ conduce to ! success ( any contemplat$ ent]prise !y might h 9 h&2 & h5ce ! *>ge ( be+ a devil1 s commonly br\ght aga9/ innoc5t & h>mless p]sons 9 =m] ye>s1 c easily be und]/ood4 ,among ! incid5tal allusions to ?is notion1 giv5 by ,%akespe>e1 ,pr9ce ,hal 7#a ,h5ry ,,iv41 ii4 #d7 tells ,fal/aff !re is a devil haunts !e 9 ! lik5ess ( an old fat man2 an old :ite-be>d$ ,satan4 ,9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7iii4 #a7 ,salanio1 on ! approa* ( ,%ylock1 says3 ,let me say 'am5' betimes1 le/ ! devil cross my pray]1 = "h he comes 9 ! lik5ess ( a ,jew4 ,inde$1 all %apes t man goes up & d[n 9 seem to h be5 at ! devil's control1 a belief ref]r$ to 9 ,timon ( ,a!ns 7ii4 #b73 ,v>4 ,s]v4 ,:at is a :orema/]1 fool8 ,fool4 ,a fool 9 good clo!s1 & some?+ l !e4 ',tis a _s3 sometime 't appe>s l a "l2 sometime l a lawy]2 sometime l a philosoph]1 ) two /ones moe ?an's artificial "o3 he is v (t5 l a knight2 &1 g5]ally1 9 all %apes t man goes up & d[n 9 f f\rscore to ?irte51 ?is _s walks 94 ,a popul> =m assum$ by evil spirits 0 t ( a negro or ,moor1 to :i* ,iago alludes :5 he incites ,brabantio to se>* = 8 daught]1 9 ,o!llo 7i4 #a73 ,z\nds1 sir1 y are robb'd2 = %ame1 put on y\r g[n2 ,y\r he>t is bur/1 y h lo/ half y\r s\l2 ,ev5 n[1 n[1 v n[1 an old black ram ,is tupp+ y\r :ite ewe4 ,arise1 arise6 ,awake ! snort+ citiz5s ) ! bell1 ,or else ! devil w make a gr&sire ( y4 ,arise1 ,i say4 ,on ! o!r h&1 s div]se 7 ! =ms :i* devils 7 suppos$ to assume t !y are said occasionally to appe> 9 ! faire/ =m1 ev5 9 t ( a girl 7ii4 #c73 ,:5 devils w ! blacke/ s9s put on1 ,!y d sugge/ at fir/ ) heav5ly %[s4 ,s 9 ,! ,com$y ( ,errors 7iv4 #c7 we h ! foll[+ dialogue3 ,ant4 ,s4 ,satan1 avoid6 ,i *>ge !e1 tempt me n6 ,dro4 ,s4 ,ma/]1 is ?is mi/ress ,satan8 ,ant4 ,s4 ,x is ! devil4 ,dro4 ,s4 ,nay1 %e is worse1 %e is ! devil's dam2 & "h %e comes 9 ! habit ( a light w5*2 & !re( comes t ! w5*es say1 ',god damn me2' t's z mu* z to say1 ',god make me a light w5*4' ,x is writt51 !y appe> to m5 l angels ( light4 7,cf4 also ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/1 iv4 #c47 ,9 ,k+ ,john 7iii4 #a7 ev5 ! fair ,blan* seem$ to ,con/ance none o!r ?an ! devil tempt+ ,lewis 9 lik5ess ( a new untrimm$ bride4 ,n only1 too1 7 devils ?\ght to assume any human %ape !y fanci$1 b1 z ,mr4 ,spald+ rem>ks1#hb ! =ms ( ! :ole ( ! animal k+dom appe> to h be5 at _! disposal2 &1 n cont5t ) ^!1 !y seem to h s\ght = unlikely %apes to appe> 9--! same *>act]i/ic belong+ also to ! fairy tribe4 #hb ,elizabe?an ,demonology1 p4 #di4 ,?us1 :5 ,edg> is try+ to p]suade ! bl9d ,gl\ce/] t he has 9 reality ca/ himself ov] ! cliff1 he describes ! be+ f :om he is suppos$ to h j dep>t$3 ,z ,i /ood "h bel[1 me?\ght 8 eyes ,7 two full moons2 he _h a ?\s& noses1 ,horns :elk'd & wav'd l ! enridg$ sea3 ,x 0 "s fi5d4 ,aga91 ,edg> says 7,k+ ,le>1 iii4 #f73 ,! f\l fi5d haunts poor ,tom 9 ! voice ( a night+ale--! allusion probably be+ to ! foll[+ incid5t relat$ by ,friswood ,williams3 ,!re 0 also ano!r /range ?+ happ5$ at ,d5ham ab\t a bird4 ,mi/ris ,peckham _h a night+ale :i* %e kept 9 a cage1 :]e9 ,mai/] ,dibdale took great delight1 & w\ld (t5 be play+ ) x4 ,! night+ale 0 "o night convey$ out ( ! cage1 & be+ next morn+ dilig5tly s\ght =1 c\ld n be he>d (1 till ,mai/] ,ma9ie's devil1 9 "o ( 8 fits 7z x 0 pret5d$71 said t ! wick$ _s :i* 0 9 ?is exam9ate's si/] _h tak5 ! bird out ( ! cage & kill$ x 9 despite ( ,mai/] ,dibdale4#hc #hc ,h>snet's ,decl>ation ( ,egregi\s ,popi% ,impo/ures1 p4 #bbe4 ,ev5 ! %ape ( a fly 0 a favorite "o ) evil spirits1 s mu* s1 t ! t]m fly 0 a popul> synonym = a famili>4 ,9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7iii4 #b7 !re is an allusion to ?is belief1 :]e ,m>cus1 be+ rebuk$ by ,titus = hav+ kill$ a fly1 gives z 8 reason3 ,x 0 a black ill-fav\r'd fly1 ,l to ! empress' ,moor3 !re=e ,i kill'd him4 ,mr4 ,spald+ gives ! foll[+ illu/rations ( ! sup]/ition3 ,at ! execution ( ,urban ,gr&i]1 ! fam\s magician ( ,l\dun1 9 #afcd1 a l>ge fly 0 se5 buzz+ ab\t ! /ake2 & a prie/ promptly seiz+ ! opportunity ( improv+ ! occasion = ! b5efit ( ! onlook]s1 decl>$ t ,beelzebub _h come 9 8 own prop] p]son to c>ry (f ,gr&i]'s s\l to hell4 ,9 #affd occurr$ ! celebrat$ wit* trials :i* took place be=e ,sir ,mat!w ,hale4 ,! accus$ 7 *>g$ ) bewit*+ two *ildr51 & "p ( ! evid5ce aga9/ !m 0 t flies & bees 7 se5 to c>ry into _! victims' m\?s ! nails & p9s :i* !y aft]w>ds vomit$4 ,once m1 ano!r =m devils assum$ 0 t ( a dead fri5d4 ,?us ,hamlet 7i4 #d71 :5 he confronts ! app>ition1 exclaims3 ,angels & m9i/]s ( grace def5d u6 ,be ?\ a _s ( heal?1 or gobl9 damn'd1 ,br+ ) !e airs f heav51 or bla/s f hell1 ,be ?y int5ts wick$1 or *>itable1 ,?\ com'/ 9 su* a que/ionable %ape ,t ,i w speak to !e-- =1 z ,mr4 ,spald+ rem>ks1 x _c be imag9$ t ,hamlet imag9$ t a 'gobl9 damn$' c\ld actually be ! _s ( 8 dead fa!r2 &1 !re=e1 ! alt]native 9 8 m9d mu/ be t he saw a devil assum+ 8 fa!r's lik5ess--a =m :i* ! ,evil ,"o knew w\ld mo/ incite ,hamlet to int]c\rse4 ,! same idea seems pres5t 9 ,horatio's m9d3 ,:at1 if x tempt y t[>d ! flood1 my "l1 ,or to ! dreadful summit ( ! cliff1 ,t beetles o'er 8 base into ! sea1 ,& !re assume "s o!r horrible =m1 ,:i* might deprive y\r sov]eignty ( reason1 ,& draw y into madness8 ,once m1 9 ! next act 7ii4 #b71 ,hamlet aga9 expresses 8 d\bts3 ,! _s t ,i h se5 ,may be ! devil3 & ! devil ha? p[] ,to assume a pleas+ %ape2 yea1 &1 p]haps1 ,out ( my weakness & my melan*oly1 ,z he is v pot5t ) su* spirits1 ,abuses me to damn me4 ,9 ! ,elizabe?an times1 too1 no sup]/iti\s belief ex]t$ a m p]nici\s & baneful influ5ce on ! cr$ul\s & ignorant ?an ! notion t evil spirits f "t to "t ent]$ into human be+s1 & s completely ga9$ a despotic control ov] !m z to r5d] !m p]fectly helpless4 ,h>snet1 9 8 ,decl>ation ( ,egregi\s ,popi% ,impo/ures 7#afjc71 has expos$ ?is gross sup]/ition2 & a comp>ison ( ! passages 9 ,k+ ,le>1 spok5 by ,edg> :5 feign+ madness1 ) ^? giv5 by ,h>snet1 w %[ t ,%akespe>e has accurately giv5 ! contempor>y belief on ! subject4 ,mr4 ,spald+ also consid]s t ne>ly all ! allusions 9 ,k+ ,le> ref] to a y\? kn[n z ,ri*>d ,ma9ey1 a m9ute acc\nt ( ^: suppos$ possession has be5 giv5 by ,h>snet4 ,p]sons s possess$ 7 (t5 b\nd & %ut up 9 a d>k room1 occasionally be+ =c$ to submit to flagellation--a treatm5t n unlike t describ$ 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #b73 ,n mad1 b b\nd m ?an a madman is2 ,%ut up 9 prison1 kept )\t my food1 ,:ipp'd & torm5t$4 ,9 ! ,com$y ( ,errors 7iv4 #d7 we h an amus+ sc5e1 fur!r illu/rative1 probably1 ( ! k9d ( treatm5t adopt$ 9 ,%akespe>e's day3 ,c\rtesan4 ,h[ say y n[8 is n y\r husb& mad8 ,adriana4 ,8 incivility confirms no less-- ,good doctor ,p9*1 y are a conjur]2 ,e/abli% him 9 8 true s5se aga91 ,& ,i w please y :at y w dem&4 ,luciana4 ,alas1 h[ fi]y & h[ %>p he looks6 ,c\rtesan4 ,m>k h[ he trembles 9 8 ec/asy6 ,p9*4 ,give me y\r h&1 & let me feel y\r pulse4 ,ant4 ,e4 ,!re is my h&1 & let x feel y\r e>4 ,p9*4 ,i *>ge !e1 ,satan1 h\s'd )9 ?is man1 ,to yield possession to my holy pray]s1 ,& to ?y /ate ( d>kness hie !e /raight3 ,i conjure !e by all ! sa9ts 9 heav54 ,p9* fur!r says3 ,!y mu/ be b\nd1 & laid 9 "s d>k room4 ,z ,br& rem>ks1#hd !re is no vulg> /ory ( ! devil's hav+ appe>$ any:]e )\t a clov5 foot4 ,9 graphic repres5tations he is seldom or nev] pictur$ )\t "o4 ,9 ! foll[+ passage1 :]e ,o!llo is que/ion+ :e!r ,iago is a devil or n1 he says 7v4 #b73 ,i look d[n t[>ds 8 feet2--b t's a fable4-- ,if t ?\ be'/ a devil1 ,i _c kill !e4 #hd ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #eag-eai4 ,dr4 ,johnson gives ?is explanation3 ,i look t[>ds 8 feet to see if1 accord+ to ! common op9ion1 8 feet be clov54 ,9 ,mass+]'s ,virg9 ,m>tyr 7iii4 #c71 ,h>pax1 an evil _s1 foll[+ ,!ophilus 9 ! %ape ( a secret>y1 speaks ?us ( ! sup]/iti\s ,*ri/ian's description ( 8 inf]nal enemy3 ,i'll tell y :at n[ ( ! devil3 ,he's no su* horrid creature2 clov5-foot$1 ,black1 sauc]-ey'd1 8 no/rils brea?+ fire1 ,z ^! ly+ ,*ri/ians make him4 ,,good ,,& ,,evil ,,demons4 ,x 0 =m]ly commonly believ$ t n only k+doms _h _! tutel>y gu>dians1 b t e p]son _h 8 p>ticul> g5ius or good angel1 to protect & admoni% him by dreams1 visions1 etc4#he ,h5ce1 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7ii4 #c71 ! soo?say]1 speak+ ( ,cs>1 says3 ,o ,antony1 /ay n by 8 side3 ,?y demon1--t's ?y _s :i* keeps !e1--is ,noble1 c\rage\s1 high1 unmat*able1 ,:]e ,cs>'s is n2 b1 ne> him1 ?y angel ,becomes a fe>1 z be+ o'erp[]'d4 #he ,ibid4 vol4 i4 pp4 #cfe-cfg4 ,?us ,macbe? 7iii4 #a7 speaks 9 a simil> mann] 9 ref]5ce to ,banquo3 ,!re is none b he ,^: be+ ,i d fe>2 &1 "u him1 ,my ,g5ius is rebuk$2 z1 x is said1 ,m>k ,antony's 0 by ,cs>4 ,s1 too1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #b71 ! ,*ief-ju/ice says3 ,y foll[ ! "y pr9ce up & d[n1 l 8 ill angel4 ,we may quote a fur!r ref]5ce 9 ,julius ,cs> 7iii4 #b71 :]e ,antony says3 ,= ,brutus1 z y "k1 0 ,cs>'s angel4 ,9 ! ,roman _w1 says ,mr4 ,tylor1 9 8 ,primitive ,culture 7#ahgc1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bjb71 ea* man _h 8 'g5ius natalis1' associat$ ) him f bir? to dea?1 influ5c+ 8 action & 8 fate1 /&+ repres5t$ by its prop] image1 z a l> among ! h\sehold gods & at w$d+s & joy\s times1 & especially on ! anniv]s>y ( ! bir?day :5 g5ius & man began _! unit$ c>e]1 wor%ip 0 paid ) song & dance to ! div9e image1 adorn$ ) g>l&s1 & propitiat$ ) inc5se & libations ( w9e4 ,! demon or g5ius 01 z x 71 ! man's companion s\l1 a second spiritual ,ego4 ,! ,egyptian a/rolog] w>n$ ,antonius to keep f> f ! "y ,octavius1 ',= ?y demon1' said he1 'is 9 fe> ( 84' ,! allusion by ,lady ,macbe? 7i4 #e71 9 ! foll[+ passage1 is to ! spirits ( ,rev5ge3 ,come1 y spirits ,t t5d on mortal ?\ghts1 unsex me "h1 ,& fill me1 f ! cr[n to ! toe1 top-full ,( dire/ cruelty6 ,9 ,na%'s ,pi]ce ,p5nilesse we f9d a description ( ^! spirits & ( _! (fice4 ,! second k9d ( devils :i* he mo/ employe? are ^? nor!rn ,m>tii1 call$ ! ,spirits ( ,rev5ge1 & ! au?ors ( massacres & se$-m5 ( mis*ief2 = !y h commission to inc5se m5 to rap9e1 sacrilege1 !ft1 murd]1 wra?1 fury1 & all mann] ( cruelties2 & !y comm& c]ta9 ( ! s\!rn spirits to wait ^u !m1 z also great ,ario*1 t is t]m$ ! ,_s ( ,rev5ge4 ,9 ano!r passage we are fur!r told h[ ! spirits ( ! aire w mixe !mselves ) ?und] & lightn+1 & s infect ! clime :]e !y raise any tempe/1 t sudd5ly great mortalitie %all ensue ( ! inhabitants4 ,a]ial spirits or devils1 accord+ to ,burton's ,anatomy ( ,melan*oly1 are su* z keep qu>t] mo/ "p 9 ! aire1 cause _m tempe/s1 ?und] & lightn+s1 te> oakes1 fire /eeples1 h\ses1 /rike m5 & bea/s1 etc4 ,?us1 9 ,k+ ,john 7iii4 #b71 ! ,ba/>d rem>ks3 ,n[1 by my life1 ?is day gr[s wondr\s hot2 ,"s airy devil hov]s 9 ! sky1 ,& p\rs d[n mis*ief4 ,x 0 anci5tly suppos$ t all m9es ( gold1 etc41 7 gu>d$ by evil spirits4 ,?us ,fal/aff1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iv4 #c71 speaks ( le>n+ z a m]e ho>d ( gold kept by a devil4 ,?is sup]/ition /ill prevails1 & has be5 made ! subject ( _m a leg5d4 ,?us1 x is believ$ by ! peasantry liv+ ne> ,l>go-,law1 ,scotl&1 t a ri* m9e ( gold is conceal$ 9 ! m\nta94 ,a spectre once appe>$ !re1 suppos$ to be ! gu>dian ( ! m9e1 :o1 be+ acco/$ by a neighbor+ %eph]d1 promis$ to tell him at a c]ta9 "t & on c]ta9 conditions1 :]e '! g[d m9e is 9 ,l>go-,law1' especially enjo9+ t ! horn s\nd$ = ! h\s+ ( ! c[s at ! adjo9+ f>m ( ,balma9 %\ld n bl[4 ,e precaution hav+ be5 tak51 ! gho/ 0 true to 8 try/2 b1 unhappily1 :5 he 0 ab\t to divulge ! desir$ secret1 ,tammie ,norrie1 ! c[h]d ( ,balma91 blew a bla/1 :]eupon ! gho/ vani%$1 ) ! d5unciation3 ',woe to ! man t blew ! horn1 ,= out ( ! spot he %all ne'er be borne4' ,! unlucky horn-bl[] 0 /ruck dead1 &1 z x 0 f\nd impossible to remove ! body1 a cairn ( /ones 0 rais$ ov] x4#hf #hf ,see ,jones's ,cr$ulities1 ,pa/ & ,pres5t1 #ahhj1 p4 #acc4 ,/eev5s consid]s t :5 ,macbe? 7iii4 #b7 says3 ,good ?+s ( day beg9 to droop & dr[se2 ,:iles night's black ag5ts to _! preys d r\se1 he ref]s to ^? demons :o 7 suppos$ to rema9 9 _! sev]al places ( conf9em5t all day1 b at ! close ( x 7 releas$2 su*1 inde$1 z are m5tion$ 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7v4 #a71 z rejoic+ to he> ! solemn curfew1 because x ann\nc$ ! h\r ( _! fre$om4 ,among o!r sup]/itions we may quote "o 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7iii4 #a71 :]e ,salanio says3 ,let me say 'am5' betimes1 le/ ! devil cross my pray]4 ,( ! devils m5tion$ by ,%akespe>e may be not$ ! foll[+3 ,amaimon is "o ( ! *ief1 ^: dom9ion is on ! nor? side ( ! inf]nal gulf4 ,he might be b\nd or re/ra9$ f do+ hurt f ! ?ird h\r till noon1 & f ! n9? h\r till ev5+4 ,9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7ii4 #b7 ,=d m5tions ?is devil1 & 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d7 ,fal/aff says3 ,t same mad fell[ ( ! nor?1 ,p]cy2 & he ( ,wales1 t gave ,amaimon ! ba/9ado1 & made ,lucif] cuckold4#hg #hg ,see ,scot's ,discov]y ( ,wit*craft1 #aehd1 p4 #cic2 ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #bfd4 ,! nor? 0 always suppos$ to be ! p>ticul> habitation ( bad spirits4 ,milton1 !re=e1 assembles ! rebel angels 9 ! nor?4 ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7v4 #c71 ,la ,pucelle invokes ! aid ( ! spirits3 ,"u ! lordly mon>* ( ! nor?4 ,b>bason4 ,?is demon w\ld seem to be ! same z ,m>bas1 alias ,b>bas1 :o1 z ,scot#hh in=ms u1 is a great presid5t1 & appe>e? 9 ! =me ( a mightie lion2 b at ! comm&m5t ( a conjur] come? up 9 ! lik5ess ( man1 & answ]e? fullie z t\*+ any?+ :i* is hidd5 or secret4 ,9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7ii4 #b7 x is m5tion$ by ,=d 9 connection ) ,lucif]1 & aga9 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7ii4 #a7 ,nym tells ,pi/ol3 ,i am n ,b>bason2 y _c conjure me4 #hh ,ibid4 p4 #cgh4 ,! names ( ! sev]al fi5ds 9 ,k+ ,le>1 ,%akespe>e is suppos$ to h d]iv$ f ,h>snet's ,decl>ation ( ,egregi\s ,popi% ,impo/ures 7#afjc74 ,flibb]tigibbet1 "o ( ! fi5ds t possess$ poor ,tom1 is1 we are told 7iv4 #a71 ! fi5d ( mopp+ & m[+1 :o s9ce possesses *amb]maids & wait+-wom54 ,& aga9 7iii4 #d71 he beg9s at curfew1 & walks till ! fir/ cock2 he gives ! web & ! p94 ,frat]etto is ref]r$ to by ,edg> 7iii4 #f73 ,frat]etto calls me2 & tells me1 ,n]o is an angl] 9 ! lake ( d>kness4 ,pray1 innoc5t1 & bew>e ! f\l fi5d4 ,hobbididance is notic$ z pr9ce ( dumbness 7iv4 #a71 & p]haps is ! same z ,hopdance 7iii4 #f71 :o cries1 says ,edg>1 9 ,tom's belly = two :ite h]r+4 ,mahu1 l ,modo1 w\ld seem to be ano!r "n = ! pr9ce ( d>kness 7iii4 #d71 & fur!r on 7iv4 #a7 he is spok5 ( z ! fi5d ( /eal+2 :]eas ! latt] is describ$ z ! fi5d ( murd]4 ,h>snet ?us speaks ( !m3 ,maho 0 g5]al dictator ( hell2 & yet1 = good mann]s' sake1 he 0 cont5t$ ( 8 good nature to make %[1 t himself 0 "u ! *eck ( ,modu1 ! graund devil 9 ,ma7i/]7 ,maynie4 ,obidicut1 ano!r "n ( ! fi5d kn[n z ,hab]dicut 7iv4 #a74 ,smulk9 7iii4 #d74 ,?is is spell$ ,smolk9 by ,h>snet4 ,?us1 9 a ma/]ly mann]1 ,%akespe>e has illu/rat$ & embelli%$ 8 plays ) ref]5ces to ! demonology ( ! p]iod2 hav+ be5 c>eful 9 e case--:ile enliv5+ 8 audi5ce--to conv9ce !m ( ! utt] absurdity ( ?is degrad$ =m ( sup]/ition4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,natural ,,ph5om5a4 ,_m ( ! mo/ beautiful & graphic passages 9 ,%akespe>e's writ+s h pictur$ ! sun 9 highly gl[+ language1 & (t5 inve/$ x ) t sweet pa?os = :i* ! poet 0 s signally fam\s4 ,expressions1 = in/ance1 su* z ! foll[+1 are ev] frequ5t3 ! glori\s sun 7,twelf? ,night1 iv4 #c72 heav5's glori\s sun 7,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/1 i4 #a72 gorge\s z ! sun at midsumm] 7#a ,h5ry ,,iv41 iv4 #a72 all ! _w is *e]$ by ! sun 7,ri*>d ,,iii41 i4 #b72 ! sacr$ radiance ( ! sun 7,k+ ,le>1 i4 #a72 sweet tid+s ( ! sun's uprise 7,titus ,&ronicus1 iii4 #a71 etc4 ,!n1 aga91 h[ (t5 we come across passages replete ) pa?os1 su* z ?y sun sets weep+ 9 ! l[ly we/ 7,ri*>d ,,ii41 ii4 #d72 ere ! we>y sun set 9 ! we/ 7,com$y ( ,errors1 i4 #b72 ! we>y sun ha? made a gold5 set 7,ri*>d ,,iii41 v4 #c72 ,! sun1 = sorr[1 w n %[ 8 head 7,romeo & ,juliet1 v4 #c71 etc4 ,al?\gh1 h[ev]1 ,%akespe>e has made su* con/ant m5tion ( ! sun1 yet 8 allusions to ! folk-lore connect$ ) x are some:at scanty4 ,accord+ to ! old philosophy ! sun 0 acc\nt$ a planet1#hi & ?\ght to be :irl$ r\nd ! e>? by ! motion ( a solid sph]e1 9 :i* x 0 fix$4 ,9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7iv4 #ac71 ,cleopatra exclaims3 ,o sun1 ,burn ! great sph]e ?\ mov'/ 96 d>kl+ /& ,! v>y+ %ore o' ! _w4 #hi ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 x4 p4 #bib4 ,suppos+ ?is sph]e consum$1 ! sun mu/ w&] 9 endless space1 &1 z a natural consequ5ce1 ! e>? be involv$ 9 endless night4 ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #b71 ,fal/aff1 accord+ to vulg> a/ronomy1 calls ! sun a w&]+ knight1 & by ?is expression evid5tly alludes to "s knight ( romance4 ,mr4 ,d\ce#ij consid]$ ! allusion 0 to ,! ,voyage ( ! ,w&]+ ,knight1 by ,jean de ,ca!nay1 ( :i* ! translation1 by ,w4 ,goodye>e1 appe>$ ab\t ! ye> #afjj4 ,! words may be a portion ( "s =gott5 ballad4 #ij ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 pp4 #bee1 #bef4 ,a pretty fancy is ref]r$ to 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iii4 #e71 :]e ,capulet says3 ,:5 ! sun sets1 ! air do? drizzle dew2 ,b = ! sunset ( my bro!r's son ,x ra9s d[nright4 ,& s1 too1 9 ! ,rape ( ,lucrece3 ,b z ! e>? do? weep1 ! sun be+ set4 ,t ,%akespe>e ?\ght x 0 ! air1 says ,s+]1#ia & n ! e>?1 t drizzl$ dew1 is evid5t f _m passages 9 8 works4 ,?us1 9 ',k+ ,john' 7ii4 #a7 he says3 ',be=e ! dew ( ev5+ fall4' ,/eev5s1 allud+ to ! foll[+ passage 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7iii4 #a71 & :5 %e i4 e41 ! moon weeps1 weeps e little fl[]1 says t ,%akespe>e means t e little fl[] is moi/5$ ) dew1 z if ) te>s2 & n t ! fl[] itself drizzles dew4 #ia ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 viii4 p4 #bjh4 ,by a popul> fancy1 ! sun 0 =m]ly said to dance at its ris+ on ,ea/] morn+--to :i* !re may be an allusion 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iii4 #e71 :]e ,romeo1 address+ ,juliet1 says3 look1 love1 :at envi\s /reaks ,d lace ! sev]+ cl\ds 9 yond] ea/2 ,night's c&les are burnt out1 & jocund day ,/&s tiptoe on ! mi/y m\nta9 tops4 ,we may also comp>e ! expression 9 ,coriolanus 7v4 #d73 ,! trumpets1 sackbuts1 psalt]ies1 & fifes1 ,tabors1 & cymbals1 & ! %\t+ ,romans1 ,make ! sun dance4 ,mr4 ,knight rem>ks1 !re 0 some?+ exquisitely beautiful 9 ! old cu/om ( go+ =? into ! fields be=e ! sun _h ris5 on ,ea/] ,day1 to see him m\nt+ ov] ! hills ) tremul\s motion1 z if x 7 an animate ?+1 b\nd+ 9 sympa?y ) ! r$eem$ ( mank9d4#ib #ib ,see ,knight's ,life ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahdc1 p4 #fc4 ,a cl\dy ris+ ( ! sun has g5]ally be5 reg>d$ z om9\s--a sup]/ition equally preval5t on ! ,cont95t z 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7v4 #c71 ,k+ ,ri*>d asks3 ,:o saw ! sun to-day8 ,ratcliff4 ,n ,i1 my "l4 ,k4 ,ri*>d4 ,!n he disda9s to %9e2 =1 by ! book ,he %\ld h brav$ ! ea/ an h\r ago3 ,a black day w x be to somebody4 ,! le>n$ ,mores91 9 8 ',papatus1' says ,br&1#ic reckons among om5s ! cl\dy ris+ ( ! sun4 ,v]gil1 too1 9 8 fir/ ,georgic 7#dda-ddi71 consid]s x a sign ( /ormy wea!r3#id ,ille ubi nasc5tem maculis v>iav]it ortum ,conditus 9 nubem1 m$ioque refug]it orbe1 ,suspecti tibi s9t imbres2 namque urget ab alto ,arboribusque satisque ,notus pecorique s9i/]1 ,aut ubi sub lucem d5sa int] nubila sese ,div]si rump5t radii1 aut ubi pallida surget1 ,ti?oni croceum l9qu5s ,aurora cubile1 ,heu1 male tum mitis def5det pamp9us uvas3 ,tam multa 9 tectis crepitans salit horrida gr&o4 #ic ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bda4 #id ,see ,swa9son's ,wea!r-,lore1 #ahgc1 p4 #agf1 = popul> adages on ! ,cont95t4 ,a r$ sunrise is also unpropiti\s1 &1 accord+ to a well-kn[n rhyme3 ,if r$ ! sun beg9s 8 race1 ,be sure ! ra9 w fall apace4 ,?is old piece ( wea!r-wisdom is m5tion$ by our ,"l 9 ,/4 ,mat!w1 xvi4 #b1 #c3 ,:5 x is ev5+1 ye say1 ,x w be fair wea!r3 = ! sky is r$4 ,& 9 ! morn+1 ,x w be f\l wea!r to-day1 = ! sky is r$ & l[r+4 ,%akespe>e1 9 8 ,v5us & ,adonis1 ?us describes x3 a r$ morn1 t ev] yet betok5'd ,wreck to ! seaman1 tempe/ to ! field1 ,sorr[ to %eph]ds1 woe unto ! birds1 ,gu/s & f\l flaws to h]dm5 & to h]ds4 ,mr4 ,swa9son#ie %[s t ?is notion is common on ! ,cont95t4 ,?us1 at ,milan ! prov]b runs1 ,if ! morn be r$1 ra9 is at h&4 #ie ,wea!r-,lore1 pp4 #age1 #agf4 ,%akespe>e1 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7ii4 #d71 alludes to ano!r indication ( ra93 ,?y sun sets weep+ 9 ! l[ly we/1 ,witness+ /orms to come1 woe & unre/4 ,a wat]y sunset is /ill consid]$ by _m a =]unn] ( wet4 ,a r$ sunset1 on ! o!r h&1 beautifully describ$ 9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7v4 #c7-- ,! we>y sun ha? made a gold5 set4-- is univ]sally reg>d$ z a progno/ication ( f9e wea!r1 & we f9d c\ntless prov]bs illu/rative ( ?is notion1 "o ( ! mo/ popul> be+1 ,sky r$ at night1 is ! sailor's delight4 ,f ! e>lie/ times an eclipse ( ! sun 0 look$ ^u z an om5 ( com+ calamity2 & 0 (t5times ! s\rce ( extraord9>y al>m z well z ! occasion ( v>i\s sup]/iti\s c]emonies4 ,9 #aeig1 dur+ an eclipse ( ! sun1 x is /at$ t1 at ,ed9burgh1 m5 & wom5 ?\ght ! day ( judgm5t 0 come4#if ,_m wom5 swoon$1 mu* cry+ 0 he>d 9 ! /reets1 & 9 fe> "s ran to ! kirk to pray4 ,mr4 ,napi] says he rememb]s an eclipse ab\t #ahah1 :5 ab\t ?ree p>ts ( ! sun 0 cov]$4 ,! al>m 9 ! village 0 v great1 indoor "w 0 susp5d$ = ! "t1 & 9 sev]al families pray]s 7 (f]$ = protection1 believ+ t x port5d$ "s awful calamity2 b :5 x pass$ (f !re 0 a g5]al feel+ ( relief4 ,9 ,k+ ,le> 7i4 #b71 ,gl\ce/] rem>ks3 ,^! late eclipses 9 ! sun & moon port5d no good to u3 ?\gh ! wisdom ( nature c reason x ?us & ?us1 yet nature f9ds itself sc\rg$ by ! sequ5t effects2 love cools1 fri5d%ip falls (f1 bro!rs divide2 9 cities1 mut9ies2 9 c\ntries1 discord2 9 palaces1 treason2 & ! bond crack$ 'twixt son & fa!r4 ,o!llo1 too 7v4 #b71 9 8 agony & despair1 exclaims3 ,o heavy h\r6 ,me?9ks x %\ld be n[ a huge eclipse ,( sun & moon1 & t ! affright$ globe ,%\ld yawn at alt]ation4 #if ,napi]'s ,folk-,lore ( ,we/ ( ,scotl&1 #ahgi1 p4 #ada4 ,francis ,b]ni]#ig says t1 9 ,france1 9 #afed1 at an eclipse ( ! sun1 "s b\ght drugs aga9/ ! eclipse1 o!rs kept !mselves close 9 ! d>k 9 _! caves & _! well-clos$ *amb]s1 o!rs ca/ !mselves 9 great multitudes into ! *ur*es2 ^? appreh5d+ "s malign & dang]\s influ5ce1 & ^! believ+ t !y 7 come to ! la/ day1 & t ! eclipse w\ld %ake ! f\ndations ( nature4#ih #ig ,quot$ 9 ,s\!y's ,commonplace ,book1 #ahdi1 #b;d s]ies1 p4 #dfb4 #ih ,see ,tylor's ,primitive ,culture1 #ahga1 vol4 i4 pp4 #bfa1 #bif1 #big1 #cba4 ,9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7ii4 #a71 ,%akespe>e ref]s to a curi\s circum/ance 9 :i*1 on a c]ta9 occasion1 ! sun is report$ to h appe>$ l ?ree suns4 ,edw>d says1 d ,i see ?ree suns8 to :i* ,ri*>d replies3 ,?ree glori\s suns1 ea* "o a p]fect sun2 ,n sep>at$ ) ! rack+ cl\ds1 ,b sev]'d 9 a pale cle>-%9+ sky4 ,see1 see6 !y jo91 embrace1 & seem to kiss1 ,z if !y v['d "s league inviolable3 ,n[ are !y b "o lamp1 "o light1 "o sun1 ,9 ?is ! heav5 figures "s ev5t4#ii #ii ,9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7ii4 #a71 ,edw>d says3 h5ce=w>d w ,i be> ,^u my t>get ?ree fair %9+ suns4 ,?is fact is m5tion$ bo? by ,hall & ,hol9%$2 ! latt] says3 ,at :i* tyme ! sun 7z "s write7 appe>$ to ! ,e>l ( ,m>* l ?ree sunnes1 & soda9ely joyn$ altoge!r 9 "o1 ^u :i*e sight hee tooke su* c\rage1 t he fi]cely sett+ on 8 enemyes put !m to flight4 ,we may note "h t on ,tr9ity ,sunday ?ree suns are suppos$ to be se54 ,9 ! ,mmoires de l',acadmie ,celtique 7iii4 #ddg71 x is /at$ t ,le j\r de la fte de la ,tr9it1 quelques p]sonne vont de gr& mat9 dans la campagne1 p\r y voir levre trois soleils la fois4 ,accord+ to an old prov]b1 to quit a bett] = a worse situation 0 spok5 ( z to g out ( ,god's bless+ into ! w>m sun1 a ref]5ce to :i* we f9d 9 ,k+ ,le> 7ii4 #b71 :]e ,k5t says3 ,good k+1 t mu/ approve ! common saw1 ,?\ out ( heav5's b5$iction com'/ ,to ! w>m sun4 ,dr4 ,johnson ?9ks t ,hamlet alludes to ?is say+ 7i4 #b71 = :5 ! k+ says to him1 ,h[ is x t ! cl\ds /ill hang on y8 he replies1 ,n s1 my "l2 ,i am too mu* i' ! sun1 i4 e41 out ( ,god's bless+4 ,?is expression1 says ,mr4 ,dyce1#ajj is f\nd 9 v>i\s au?ors f ,heywood d[n to ,swift4 ,! =m] has3 ,9 y\r runn+ f him to me1 yee runne ,out ( ,god's bless+ into ! w>me sunne2 & ! latt]3 ,"l ,sp>ki%4 ,!y say1 m>riages are made 9 heav52 b ,i d\bt1 :5 %e 0 m>ri$1 %e _h no fri5d !re4 ,nev]\t4 ,well1 %e's got out ( ,god's bless+ into ! w>m sun4#aja #ajj ,gloss>y to ,%akespe>e1 p4 #bhc4 #aja ,ray gives ! ,lat9 equival5t ,ab equis ad as9os4 ,!re seems to h be5 a prejudice f "t immemorial aga9/ sun%9e 9 ,m>*2 &1 accord+ to a ,g]man say+1 x 7 bett] to be bitt5 by a snake ?an to feel ! sun 9 ,m>*4 ,?us1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iv4 #a71 ,hotspur says3 worse ?an ! sun 9 ,m>*1 ,?is praise do? n\ri% agues4 ,%akespe>e employs ! ^w sunburn$ 9 ! s5se ( uncomely1 ill-favor$4 ,9 ,mu* ,ado 7ii4 #a71 ,beatrice says1 ,i am sunburnt2 & 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7i4 #c71 neas rem>ks3 ,! ,grecian dames are sunburnt1 & n wor? ,! spl9t] ( a lance4 ,moon4 ,ap>t f 8 sundry allusions to ! pale-fac$1 silv] moon1 ,%akespe>e has ref]r$ to _m ( ! sup]/itions associat$ ) x1 sev]al ( :i* /ill l+] on 9 c\ntry nooks4 ,a widespread leg5d ( great antiquity in=ms u t ! moon is inhabit$ by a man1#ajb ) a bundle ( /icks on 8 back1 :o has be5 exil$ ?i!r = _m c5turies1 & :o is s f> (f t he is beyond ! rea* ( dea?4 ,?is tradition1 :i* has giv5 rise to _m sup]/itions1 is /ill pres]v$ "u v>i\s =ms 9 mo/ c\ntries2 b x has n be5 decid$ :o ! culprit orig9ally 01 & h[ he came to be imprison$ 9 8 lonely abode4 ,dante calls him ,ca92 ,*auc] assigns 8 exile z a puni%m5t = !ft1 & gives him a ?orn-bu% to c>ry1 :ile ,%akespe>e also loads him ) ! ?orns1 b by way ( comp5sation gives him a dog = a companion4 ,9 ,! ,tempe/ 7ii4 #b71 ,caliban asks ,/ephano :e!r he has n dropp$ f heav58 to :i* he answ]s1 ,out o' ! moon1 ,i d assure !e3 ,i 0 ! man i' ! moon :5 "t 04 ,:]eupon ,caliban says3 ,i h se5 !e 9 h] & ,i d adore !e3 my mi/ress %['d me !e1 & ?y dog & ?y bu%4 ,we may also comp>e ! expression 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7v4 #a71 :]e1 9 ! directions = ! p]=mance ( ! play ( ,pyramus & ,?isbe1 ,moon%9e is repres5t$ ) lan?orn1 dog1 & bu% ( ?orn4 ,& fur!r on1 9 ! same sc5e1 describ+ himself1 ,moon%9e says3 ,all t ,i h to say1 is1 to tell y t ! lan?orn is ! moon2 ,i1 ! man 9 ! moon2#ajc ?is ?orn-bu%1 my ?orn-bu%2 & ?is dog1 my dog4 #ajb ,b>+-,g\ld's ,curi\s ,my?s ( ! ,middle ,ages1 #ahgg1 p4 #aij4 #ajc ,cf4 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b73 ,yet /ill %e is ! moon1 & ,i ! man4 ,ord9>ily1#ajd h[ev]1 8 (f5ce is /at$ to h be5 ,sabba?-break+--an idea d]iv$ f ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,l ! man m5tion$ 9 ! ,book ( ,numb]s 7xv4 #cb71 he is caught ga!r+ /icks on ! ,sabba?2 &1 z an example to mank9d1 he is condemn$ to /& =ev] 9 ! moon1 ) 8 bundle on 8 back4 ,in/ead ( a dog1 "o ,g]man v]sion places him ) a woman1 ^: crime 0 *urn+ butt] on ,sunday4 ,! ,jews h a leg5d t ,jacob is ! moon1 & !y believe t 8 face is visible4 ,mr4 ,b>+-,g\ld#aje says t ! idea ( locat+ animals 9 ! two great lum9>ies ( heav5 is v anci5t1 & is a relic ( a primeval sup]/ition ( ! ,aryan race4 ,! natives ( ,ceylon1 in/ead ( a man1 h plac$ a h>e 9 ! moon2 & ! ,*9ese repres5t ! moon by a rabbit p\nd+ rice 9 a mort>4#ajf #ajd ,fiske1 ,my?s & ,my?mak]s1 #ahgc1 p4 #bg4 #aje ,curi\s ,my?s ( ! ,middle ,ages1 #ahgg1 p4 #aig4 #ajf ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 p4 #aj4 ,f ! v e>lie/ times ! moon has n only be5 an object ( popul> sup]/ition1 b be5 honor$ by v>i\s acts ( adoration4 ,9 ,europe1#ajg 9 ! fifte5? c5tury1 x 0 a matt] ( compla9t t "s /ill wor%ipp$ ! new moon ) b5d$ knee1 or hood or hat remov$4 ,& to ?is day we may /ill see a hat rais$ to h]1 half 9 cons]vatism & half 9 je/4 ,x is ) def]5ce to silv] z ! lun> metal t money is turn$ :5 ! act ( adoration is p]=m$1 :ile practical peasant wit dwells on ! ill-luck ( hav+ no piece ( silv] :5 ! new moon is fir/ se54 ,%akespe>e (t5 incid5tally alludes to ?is =m ( sup]/ition4 ,to quote "o or two out ( _m in/ances1 ,enob>bus1 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7iv4 #i71 says3 ,be witness to me1 ,o ?\ bless$ moon6 #ajg ,= fur!r in=mation on ?is subject1 see ,tylor's ,primitive ,culture1 #ahgc1 vol4 i4 pp4 #bhh1 #ced-cef2 vol4 ii4 pp4 #gj1 #bjb1 #bjc4 ,9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b7 ! k+ says3 ,v\*safe1 bright moon1 & ^! ?y />s1 to %9e1 ,^? cl\ds1 remov$1 ^u our wat]y eyne4 ,inde$1 x 0 =m]ly a common practice = p to address invocations to ! moon1#ajh & ev5 at ! pres5t day we f9d remnants ( ?is practice bo? 9 ?is c\ntry & abroad4 ,?us1 9 _m places x is cu/om>y = "y wom5 to appeal to ! moon to tell !m ( _! future prospects 9 matrimony1#aji ! foll[+ or simil> l9es be+ repeat$ on ! occasion3 ,new moon1 new moon1 ,i hail !e3 ,new moon1 new moon1 be k9d to me2 ,if ,i m>ry man or man m>ry me1 ,%[ me h[ _m moons x w be4 #ajh ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 vol4 iii4 pp4 #adb1 #adc4 #aji ,see ,engli% ,folk-lore1 pp4 #dc1 #dd4 ,x 0 also ! practice to swe> by ! moon1 to :i* we f9d an allusion 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7ii4 #b71 :]e ,juliet reproves h] lov] = te/ify+ 8 affections by ?is means3 ,o1 swe> n by ! moon1 ! incon/ant moon1 ,t mon?ly *anges 9 h] circl$ orb1 ,le/ t ?y love prove likewise v>iable4 ,& aga91 9 ,! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7v4 #a71 :]e ,gratiano exclaims3 ,by yond] moon ,i swe> y d me wrong4 ,we may note "h t ! incon/ancy#aaj ( ! moon is ! subject ( v>i\s my?s1 ( :i* ,mr4 ,tylor has giv5 ! foll[+ examples3 ,?us1 an ,au/ralian leg5d says t ,mityan1 ! moon1 0 a native cat1 :o fell 9 love ) "s "o else's wife1 & 0 driv5 away to w&] ev] s9ce4 ,a ,slavonic leg5d tells u t ! moon1 k+ ( night1 & husb& ( ! sun1 fai?lessly lov$ ! morn+ />1 :]e=e he 0 clov5 ?r\gh 9 puni%m5t1 z we see him 9 ! sky4 ,! ,khasias ( ! ,himalaya say t ! moon falls mon?ly 9 love ) 8 "m-9-law1 :o ?r[s a%es 9 8 face1 :5ce 8 spots4#aaa #aaj ,primitive ,culture1 #ahgc1 vol4 i4 pp4 #ced1 #cee4 #aaa ,! words mooni% 7,z ,y ,l ,x1 iii4 #b7 & moonlike 7,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/1 iv4 #c7 are us$ 9 ! s5se ( incon/ant4 ,z 9 ! case ( ! sun1 an eclipse ( ! moon 0 =m]ly consid]$ om9\s4 ,! ,romans#aab suppos$ x 0 ow+ to ! influ5ce ( magical *>ms1 to c\nt]act :i* !y _h rec\rse to ! s\nd ( braz5 in/rum5ts ( all k9ds4 ,juv5al alludes to ?is practice 9 8 six? ,satire 7#dda71 :5 he describes 8 talkative woman3 ,jam nemo tubas1 nemo ra fatiget1 ,una laboranti pot]it succurr]e lun4 #aab ,see ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 p4 #ah4 ,inde$1 eclipses1 :i* to u are well-kn[n ph5om5a witness+ to ! exactness ( natural laws1 71 9 ! e>li] /ages ( civilization1 reg>d$ z ! v embodim5t ( miracul\s disa/]4 ,?us1 ! ,*9ese believ$ t dur+ eclipses ( ! sun & moon ^! cele/ial bodies 7 attack$ by a great s]p5t1 to drive away :i* !y /ruck _! gongs or braz5 drums4 ,! ,p]uvians1 ent]ta9+ a simil> notion1 rais$ a frightful d9 :5 ! moon 0 eclips$1#aac :ile "s savages w\ld %oot up arr[s to def5d _! lum9>ies aga9/ ! enemies !y fanci$ 7 attack+ !m4 ,x 0 also a popul> belief t ! moon 0 affect$ by ! influ5ce ( wit*craft1 a notion ref]r$ to by ,prosp]o 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7v4 #a71 :o says3 ,8 "m 0 a wit*1 & "o s /rong ,t c\ld control ! moon4 #aac ,tylor's ,primitive ,culture1 vol4 i4 p4 #cbi4 ,9 a =m] sc5e 7ii4 #a7 ,gonzalo rem>ks3 ,y are g5tlem5 ( brave mettle2 y w\ld lift ! moon out ( h] sph]e4 ,d\ce#aad quotes a m>g9al ref]5ce f ,adl+ton's translation ( ,apuleius 7#aeif71 a book well kn[n to ,%akespe>e3 ,wit*es 9 old "t 7 suppos$ to be ( su* p[] t !y c\ld put d[ne ! moone by _! in*antm5t4#aae ,"o ( ! e>lie/ ref]5ces to ?is sup]/ition among classical au?orities is t 9 ! ,cl\ds ( ,ari/ophanes1 :]e ,/repsiades proposes ! hir+ ( a ,!ssalian wit*1 to br+ d[n ! moon & %ut h] up 9 a box1 t he might ?us evade pay+ 8 debts by a mon?4 ,ovid1 9 8 ,metamorphoses 7bk4 xii4 #bfc71 says3 ,mat] erat ,mycale2 quam d$uxisse can5do ,spe reluctanti con/abat cornua lun4 #aad ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 p4 #af4 #aae ,see ,scot's ,discov]y ( ,wit*craft1 #aehd1 pp4 #agd1 #bbf1 #bbg1 #bej4 ,horace1 9 8 fif? ,epode 7#de71 tells u3 ,qu sid]a excantata voce ,!ssala1 ,lunamque clo d]ipit4#aaf #aaf ,= fur!r examples1 see ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #ag4 ,rev]t+ aga9 to ! moon's eclipse1 su* a season1 be+ consid]$ mo/ unlucky = lawful ent]prises1 0 held suitable = evil designs4 ,?us1 9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #a71 "o ( ! wit*es1 speak+ ( ! +r$i5ts ( ! caldron1 says3 ,gall ( goat1 & slips ( yew1 ,sliv]'d 9 ! moon's eclipse4 ,z a h>b+] ( mis=tune x is ref]r$ to 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra1 :]e 7iii4 #ac71 ,antony says3 ,alack1 our t]r5e moon ,is n[ eclips$2 & x port5ds alone ,! fall ( ,antony6 ,milton1 9 8 ,p>adise ,lo/ 7bk4 i4 #eig71 speaks mu* 9 ! same /ra93 z :5 ! sun new-ris5 ,looks ?r\gh ! horizontal mi/y air ,%orn ( 8 beams1 or f beh9d ! moon ,9 dim eclipse1 disa/r\s twilight %$s ,on half ! nations4 ,& 9 ,lycidas1 he says ( ! unlucky %ip t 0 wreck$3 ,x 0 t fatal & p]fidi\s b>k ,built 9 ! eclipse4 ,its sangu9e color is also m5tion$ z an indication ( com+ disa/]s 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7ii4 #d71 :]e ! ,wel% capta9 rem>ks h[3 ,! pale-fac$ moon looks bloody on ! e>?4 ,& its pal5ess1 too1 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #b71 is spok5 ( z an unpropiti\s sign4 ,accord+ to a long-accept$ !ory1 insane p]sons are said to be influ5c$ by ! moon3 & _m old writ]s h support$ ?is notion4 ,inde$1 ,%akespe>e himself1 9 ,o!llo 7v4 #b71 tells h[ ! moon :5 ,%e comes m ne>] e>? ?an %e 0 wont1 ,& makes m5 mad4 ,dr4 ,=bes ,w9sl[1 9 8 ,light3 its ,influ5ce on ,life & ,heal?1 says t x is impossible altoge!r to ignore ! evid5ce ( su* m5 z ,p9el1 ,daqu91 ,guisla91 & o!rs1 yet ! exp]i5ce ( mod]n psy*ological physicians is to a great degree oppos$ to ! d$uctions ( ^! em95t m54 ,he sugge/s t ! alleg$ *anges obs]v$ among ! insane at c]ta9 phases ( ! moon may arise1 n f ! direct1 b ! indirect1 influ5ce ( ! planet4 ,x is well kn[n t c]ta9 important meteorological ph5om5a result f ! v>i\s phases ( ! moon1 su* z ! r>ity ( ! air1 ! electric conditions ( ! atmosph]e1 ! degree ( heat1 dryness1 moi/ure1 & am\nt ( w9d prevail+4 ,x is urg$1 !n1 t ^? suff]+ f diseases ( ! bra9 & n]v\s sy/em1 affect+ ! m9d1 _c be consid]$ z exempt f ! op]ation ( ag5cies t are admitt$ to affect pati5ts afflict$ ) o!r maladies4 ,dr4 ,w9sl[ fur!r adds1 t an intellig5t lady1 :o occupi$ = ab\t five ye>s ! position ( matron 9 my e/abli%m5t = insane ladies1 has rem>k$ t %e inv>iably obs]v$ among !m a great] agitation :5 ! moon 0 at its full4 ,a correspond5t ( ,notes & ,qu]ies 7#b;d s]ies1 xii4 #dib7 expla9s ! app>5t aggravat$ symptoms ( madness at ! full moon by ! fact t ! insane are naturally m re/less on light ?an on d>k nights1 & t 9 consequ5ce loss ( sleep makes !m m excitable4 ,we may note "h1 t 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7iv4 #i7 ,enob>bus invokes ! moon z ! sov]eign mi/ress ( true melan*oly4 ,! moi/ure ( ! moon is inv>iably notic$ by ,%akespe>e4 ,9 ,hamlet 7i4 #a7 ,horatio tells h[ ! moi/ />1 ,^u ^: influ5ce ,neptune's empire /&s1 ,0 sick almo/ to doomsday ) eclipse4 ,9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #a7 ,titania says3 ,!re=e ! moon1 ! gov]ness ( floods1 ,pale 9 h] ang]1 wa%es all ! air1 ,t rheumatic diseases d ab\nd4 ,& 9 ,! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7i4 #b7 ,polix5es comm5ces by say+ h[3 ,n9e *anges ( ! wat]y /> ha? be5 ,! %eph]d's note1 s9ce we h left our ?rone ,)\t a bur!n4 ,we may comp>e1 too1 ! words ( ,enob>bus 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7iv4 #i71 :o1 aft] address+ ! moon1 says3 ,! poison\s damp ( night disponge ^u me4 ,& once m1 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #d71 we read ( ! moon%9e's wat]y beams4 ,! same idea is frequ5tly f\nd 9 old writ]s4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 9 ,newton's ,direction = ! ,heal? ( ,magi/rates & ,/ud5tes 7#aegd71 we are told t ! moone is ladye ( moi/ure4 ,b>?olomu1 9 ,de ,proprietate ,r]um1 describes ! moon z "m ( all hum\rs1 m9i/] & ladye ( ! sea4#aag ,9 ,lydgate's prologue to 8 ,/ory ( ,!bes !re are two l9es n unlike ^? 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream1 already quot$3 ,( ,luc9a ! moone1 moi/ & pale1 ,t _m %\re fro heav5 made availe4 #aag ,see ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 p4 #aaf4 ,( c\rse1 ! moon is ?us spok5 ( z gov]n+ ! tides1 & f its suppos$ influ5ce on ! wea!r4#aah ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #b7 ,fal/aff alludes to ! sea be+ gov]n$ by our noble & *a/e mi/ress1 ! moon2 & 9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7ii4 #b7 ,que5 ,elizabe? says3 ,t ,i1 be+ gov]n'd by ! wat]y moon1 ,may s5d =? pl5te\s te>s to dr[n ! _w4 #aah ,see ,swa9son's ,wea!r-,lore1 #ahgc1 pp4 #ahb-aib4 ,we may comp>e1 too1 :at ,timon says 7,timon ( ,a!ns1 iv4 #c73 ,! sea's a ?ief1 ^: liquid surge resolves ,! moon into salt te>s4 ,! expression ( ,hecate1 9 ,macbe? 7iii4 #e73 ,^u ! corn] ( ! moon ,!re hangs a vapor\s drop pr(\nd1 seems to h be5 meant = ! same z ! virus lun>e ( ! anci5ts1 be+ a foam :i* ! moon 0 suppos$ to %$ on p>ticul> h]bs1 :5 /rongly solicit$ by en*antm5t4 ,lucan introduces ,eric?o us+ x 7,ph>salia1 book vi4 #ffi73 ,et virus l>ge lun>e m9i/rat4 ,by a popul> a/rological doctr9e ! moon 0 suppos$ to ex]cise great influ5ce ov] agricultural op]ations1 & also ov] _m ( ! m9or conc]ns ( life1 su* z ! ga!r+ ( h]bs1 ! kill+ ( animals = ! table1 & o!r matt]s ( a l nature4 ,?us ! foll[+ passage 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7v4 #a71 x has be5 sugge/$1 has ref]5ce to ! practices ( ! old h]bali/s :o attribut$ p>ticul> virtues to plants ga!r$ dur+ p>ticul> phases ( ! moon & h\rs ( ! night4 ,aft] ,lor5zo has spok5 ( ! moon %9+ brightly1 ,jessica adds3 ,9 su* a night ,m$ea ga!r'd ! en*ant$ h]bs1 ,t did r5ew old son4 ,& 9 ,hamlet 7iv4 #g7 ! description :i* ,la]tes gives ( ! weapon-poison ref]s to ! same notion3 ,i b\ght an unction ( a m\ntebank1 ,s mortal t1 b dip a knife 9 x1 ,:]e x draws blood no cataplasm s r>e1 ,collect$ f all simples t h virtue ,"u ! moon1 c save ! ?+ f dea?4 ,! sympa?y ( gr[+ & decl9+ nature ) ! wax+ & wan+ moon is a sup]/ition widely spread1 & is z firmly believ$ 9 by _m z :5 ,tuss]1 9 8 ,five ,hundr$ ,po9ts ( ,good ,husb&ry1 "u ,febru>y gave ! foll[+ advice3 ,s[ peason & beans 9 ! wane ( ! moon1 ,:o s[e? !m soon]1 he s[e? too soon1 ,t !y ) ! planet may re/ & arise1 ,& fl\ri%1 ) be>+ mo/ pl5tifull wise4 ,w>burton consid]s t ?is notion is allud$ to by ,%akespe>e 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7iii4 #b71 :]e ,troilus1 speak+ ( ! s9c]ity ( 8 love1 tells ,cressida x is1 ,z true z /eel1 z plantage to ! moon1 ,z sun to day1 z turtle to h] mate4 ,!re is a little d\bt z to ! exact mean+ ( plantage 9 ?is passage4 ,n>es obs]ves t x probably means any?+ t is plant$2 b ,mr4 ,ellacombe1 9 8 ,plant-lore ( ,%akespe>e 7#ahgh1 p4 #afe71 says x is d\btless ! same z planta94 ,x appe>s t1 9 days gone by1 nei!r s[+1 plant+1 nor graft+ 0 ev] und]tak5 )\t a scrupul\s att5tion to ! increase or wan+ ( ! moon4#aai ,scot1 9 8 ,discov]y ( ,wit*craft1 notes h[ ! poore husb&man p]ceive? t ! increase ( ! moone make? plants fruitful1 s z 9 ! full moone !y are 9 be/ /r5g?2 decaie+ 9 ! wane1 & 9 ! conjunction d utt]lie )] & vade4 #aai ,see ,tylor's ,primitive ,culture1 #ahgc1 vol4 i4 p4 #acj2 ,engli% ,folk-,lore1 #ahgh1 pp4 #da1 #db4 ,x 0 a prevail+ notion t ! moon _h an att5d+ />--,lilly calls x ,lunisequa2 & ,sir ,ri*>d ,hawk9s1 9 8 ,obs]vations 9 a ,voyage to ! ,s\? ,seas 9 #aeic1 publi%$ 9 #afbb1 rem>ks3 ,"s ,i h he>d say1 & o!rs write1 t !re is a />re :i* nev] sep>ate? itself f ! moon1 b a small di/ance4 ,/aunton consid]s t !re is an allusion to ?is idea 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7iv4 #c71 :]e ! k+ says3 ,my love1 h] mi/ress1 is a graci\s moon3 ,%e an att5d+ />1 sc>ce se5 a light4 ,! %>p ends ( ! new moon are popul>ly t]m$ horns--a t]m :i* occurs 9 ,coriolanus 7i4 #a7-- !y ?rew _! caps ,z !y w\ld hang !m on ! horns o' ! moon4 ,x is made use ( 9 ,deck]'s ,mat* me 9 ,london 7i473 ,my "l1 doe y see ?is *ange i' ! moone8 ,%>p hornes doe ?reat5 w9dy wea!r4 ,:5 ! horns ( ! moon appe> to po9t upw>ds ! moon is said to be l a boat1 & v>i\s wea!r progno/ications are drawn f ?is ph5om5on4#abj ,accord+ to sailors1 x is an om5 ( f9e wea!r1 :]eas o!rs affirm x is a sign ( ra9--resembl+ a bas9 full ( wat] ab\t to fall4 #abj ,see ,swa9son's ,wea!r-,lore1 pp4 #ahb1 #ahc4 ,among o!r items ( folk-lore connect$ ) ! moon we may m5tion ! moon-calf1 a false conception1 or foetus imp]fectly =m$1 9 consequ5ce1 z 0 suppos$1 ( ! influ5ce ( ! moon4 ,! be/ acc\nt ( ?is fabul\s sub/ance may be f\nd 9 ,drayton's poem ) t title4 ,tr9culo1 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7ii4 #b71 supposes ,caliban to be a moon-calf3 ,i hid me "u ! dead moon-calf's gab]d9e4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t 9 call+ ,caliban a moon-calf ,%akespe>e allud$ to a sup]/iti\s belief =m]ly curr5t1 9 ! int]c\rse ( demons & o!r non-human be+s ) mank9d4 ,9 ! days ( wit*craft1 x 0 suppos$ t a class ( devils call$ ,incubi & ,succubi roam$ ! e>? ) ! express purpose ( tempt+ p to ab&on _! purity ( life4 ,h5ce1 all badly de=m$ *ildr5 7 suspect$ ( hav+ _h su* an undesirable p>5tage4#aba #aba ,see ,williams's ,sup]/itions ( ,wit*craft1 pp4 #abc-abe2 ,scot's ,discov]y ( ,wit*craft1 bk4 iv4 p4 #ade4 ,a curi\s expression1 a sop o' ! moon%9e1 occurs 9 ,k+ ,le> 7ii4 #b71 :i* probably alludes to "s di% s call$4 ,k5t says to ! /ew>d1 ,draw1 y rogue2 =1 ?\gh x be night1 yet ! moon %9es2 ,i'll make a sop o' ! moon%9e ( y4 ,!re 0 a way ( dress+ eggs1 call$ eggs 9 moon%9e1 ( :i* ,d\ce#abb gives ! foll[+ description3 ,eggs 7 brok5 & boil$ 9 salad oil till ! yolks became h>d4 ,!y 7 eat5 ) slices ( onion fri$ 9 oil1 butt]1 v]juice1 nutmeg1 & salt4 ,a sop 9 ! moon%9e mu/ h be5 a sippet 9 ?is di%4#abc #abb ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 p4 #dje4 #abc ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 #ahgb1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ehj4 ,planets4 ,! irregul> motion ( ! planets 0 suppos$ to port5d "s disa/] to mank9d4 ,ulysses1 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7i4 #c71 decl>es h[3 :5 ! planets ,9 evil mixture1 to disord] w&]1 ,:at plagues & :at port5ts6 :at mut9y6 ,:at rag+ ( ! sea6 %ak+ ( e>?6 ,commotion 9 ! w9ds6 frights1 *anges1 horrors1 ,div]t & crack1 r5d & d]ac9ate ,! unity & m>ri$ calm ( /ates ,q f _! fixture4 ,inde$1 ! planets !mselves 7 n ?\ght1 9 days gone by1 to be conf9$ 9 any fix$ orbit ( _! own1 b ceaselessly to w&] ab\t1 z ! etymology ( _! "n demon/rates4 ,a popul> "n = ! planets 0 w&]+ />s1 ( :i* ,cotgrave says1 !y bee also call$ w&]+ />res1 because !y nev] keep "o c]ta9 place or /ation 9 ! firmam5t4 ,?us ,hamlet 7v4 #a71 approa*+ ! grave ( ,ophelia1 addresses ,la]tes3 ,:at is he1 ^: grief ,be>s su* an emphasis8 ^: phrase ( sorr[ ,conjures ! w&]+ />s1 & makes !m /& ,l wond]-w\nd$ he>]s8 ,9 ,tomkis's ,albumaz> 7i4 #a7 !y are call$ w&]]s3 ,y\r patron ,m]cury1 9 8 my/]i\s "* ,holds all ! m>ks ( ! o!r w&]]s4 ,accord+ to vulg> a/rology1 ! planets1 l ! />s1 7 suppos$ to affect1 m or less1 ! affairs ( ?is _w1 a notion frequ5tly ref]r$ to by old writ]s4 ,9 ,w9t]'s ,tale 7ii4 #a71 ,h]mione consoles h]self 9 ! ?\ght-- ,!re's "s ill planet reigns3 ,i mu/ be pati5t till ! heav5s look ,) an aspect m fav\rable4 ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #a71 ! ,duke ( ,exet] asks3 ,:at6 %all we curse ! planets ( mi%ap ,t plott$ ?us our glory's ov]?r[8 ,aga91 ,k+ ,ri*>d 7,ri*>d ,,iii41 iv4 #d73 ,be opposite all planets ( good luck ,to my proce$+4 ,& once m1 9 ,hamlet 7i4 #a71 ,m>cellus1 speak+ ( ! season ( our ,savi\r's bir?1 says1 !n no planets /rike4 ,t diseases1 too1 are dep5d5t ^u planet>y influ5ce is ref]r$ to 9 ,timon ( ,a!ns 7iv4 #c73 ,be z a planet>y plague1 :5 ,jove ,w o'er "s high-vic$ city hang 8 poison ,9 ! sick air3 let n ?y sword skip "o4 ,fi]y ,trigon 0 a t]m 9 ! old judicial a/rology1 :5 ! ?ree upp] planets met 9 a fi]y sign--a ph5om5on :i* 0 suppos$ to indicate rage & cont5tion4 ,x is m5tion$ 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d73 ,p4 ,h54 ,saturn & ,v5us ?is ye> 9 conjunction6 :at says ! almanac to t8 ,po9s4 ,&1 look1 :e!r ! fi]y ,trigon1 8 man1 be n lisp+ to 8 ma/]'s old tables4 ,dr4 ,na%1 9 8 notes to ,butl]'s ,hudibras1 says3 ,! twelve signs 9 a/rology are divid$ into f\r trigons or triplicities1 ea* d5om9at$ f ! connatural elem5t2 s !y are ?ree fi]y signs1 ?ree airy1 ?ree wat]y1 & ?ree e>?y3 ,fi]y--,aries1 ,leo1 ,sagitt>ius4 ,airy--,gem9i1 ,libra1 ,aqu>ius4 ,wat]y--,canc]1 ,scorpio1 ,pisces4 ,e>?ly--,taurus1 ,virgo1 ,capricornus4 ,?us1 :5 ! ?ree sup]ior planets met 9 ,aries1 ,leo1 or ,sagitt>ius1 !y =m$ a fi]y trigon2 :5 9 ,canc]1 ,scorpio1 & ,pisces1 a wat]y "o4 ,*>les's ,wa9 0 ! old "n = ! sev5 bright />s ( ! con/ellation ,ursa ,major4 ,! con/ellation 0 s nam$ 9 honor ( ,*>lemagne2 or1 accord+ to "s1 x is a corruption ( *orles or *url's1 i4 e41 ru/ic's1 wa94 ,*orl is frequ5tly us$ = a c\ntryman1 9 old books1 f ! ,saxon ceorl4 ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #a71 ! ,c>ri] says1 ,*>les' wa9 is ov] ! new *imney4 ,music ( ! sph]es4 ,py?agoras 0 ! fir/ :o sugge/$ ?is notion1 s beautifully express$ by ,%akespe>e 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7v4 #a73 ,!re's n ! smalle/ orb :i* ?\ behold'/1 ,b 9 8 motion l an angel s+s1 ,/ill quir+ to ! "y-ey$ *]ub9s4 ,plato says t a sir5 sits on ea* planet1 :o c>ols a mo/ sweet song1 agree+ to ! motion ( h] own p>ticul> planet1 b h>moniz+ ) ! o!r sev54 ,h5ce ,milton1 9 8 ,arcades1 speaks ( ! cele/ial ,sir5s' h>mony1 t sit ^u ! n9e enfold$ sph]es4 ,/>s4 ,an a/rological doctr9e1 :i* has kept its place 9 mod]n popul> philosophy1 ass]ts t mundane ev5ts are m or less influ5c$ by ! />s4 ,t a/ronom]s %\ld h divid$ ! sun's c\rse into imag9>y signs ( ! ,zodiac1 0 en\gh1 says ,mr4 ,tylor1#abd to orig9ate a/rological rules t ^! cele/ial signs h an actual effect on real e>?ly rams1 bulls1 crabs1 lions1 virg9s4 ,h5ce we are told t a *ild born "u ! sign ( ! ,lion w be c\rage\s2 b "o born "u ! ,crab w n g =? well 9 life2 "o born "u ! ,wat]man is likely to be dr[n$1 & s =?4 ,%akespe>e frequ5tly alludes to ?is piece ( sup]/ition1 :i*1 x mu/ be rememb]$1 0 c>ri$ to a ridicul\s height 9 8 day4 ,9 ,julius ,cs> 7i4 #b71 ,cassius says3 ,! fault1 de> ,brutus1 is n 9 our />s1 ,b 9 ourselves1 t we are und]l+s4 #abd ,primitive ,culture1 vol4 i4 p4 #aca4 ,9 ! foll[+ passage 9 ,twelf? ,night 7i4 #c73 ,sir ,tob4 ,7 we n born "u ,taurus8 ,sir ,&4 ,taurus6 t's sides & he>t4 ,sir ,tob4 ,no1 sir2 x is legs & ?ighs4 ,bo? ! knights1 says ,mr4 ,d\ce 7,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #ed71 are wrong 9 _! a/rology1 accord+ to ! almanacs ( ! "t1 :i* make ,taurus gov]n ! neck & ?roat4 ,beatrice1 9 ,mu* ,ado ab\t ,no?+ 7ii4 #a71 says3 !re 0 a /> danc$1 & "u t 0 ,i born2 ,k5t1 9 ,k+ ,le> 7iv4 #c71 rem>ks1 ,x is ! />s1 ,! />s above u1 gov]n our conditions2 & once m1 9 ,p]icles 7i4 #a71 ,k+ ,antio*us1 speak+ ( ! *>m+ qualities ( 8 daught]1 says3 ,br+ 9 our daught]1 clo!d l a bride1 ,= ! embracem5ts ev5 ( ,jove himself3 ,at ^: conception1 till ,luc9a reign'd1 ,nature ?is d[ry gave1 to glad h] pres5ce1 ,! s5ate-h\se ( planets all did sit1 ,to knit 9 h] _! be/ p]fections4#abe #abe ,cf4 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7iv4 #d72 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #a1 iii4 #a72 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7iii4 #ac72 ,! ,tempe/ 7i4 #b72 ,hamlet 7i4 #d72 ,cymbel9e 7v4 #d72 ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iii4 #b72 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7iv4 #a74 ,?r\gh\t ! ,ea/1 says ,mr4 ,tylor1#abf a/rology ev5 n[ rema9s a sci5ce 9 full e/eem4 ,! condition ( m$ival ,europe may /ill be p]fectly realiz$ by ! travell] 9 ,p]sia1 :]e ! ,%ah waits = days outside ! walls ( 8 capital till ! con/ellations all[ him to ent]2 & :]e1 on ! days appo9t$ by ! />s = lett+ blood1 x lit]ally fl[s 9 /reams f ! b>b]s' %ops 9 ! /reets4 ,pr(essor ,wuttke decl>es t !re are _m di/ricts 9 ,g]many :]e ! *ild's horoscope is /ill regul>ly kept ) ! baptismal c]tificate 9 ! family *e/4 ,a/rology is ridicul$ 9 a ma/]ly mann] 9 ,k+ ,le> 7i4 #b72 & ,w>burton sugge/s t if ! date ( ! fir/ p]=mance ( ,k+ ,le> 7 well consid]$1 x w\ld be f\nd t some?+ or o!r _h happ5$ at t "t :i* gave a m ?an ord9>y run to ?is deceit1 z ^! words seem to indicate--',i am ?9k+1 bro!r1 ( a pr$iction ,i read ?is o!r day1 :at %\ld foll[ ^! eclipses4' ,z\*1#abg speak+ ( ,que5 ,m>y's reign1 tells u t ,judicial a/rology 0 mu* 9 use long aft] ?is "t4 ,its pr$ictions 7 receiv$ ) rev]5tial awe3 & ev5 m5 ( ! mo/ enlight5$ und]/&+s 7 incl9$ to believe t ! conjunctions & oppositions ( ! planets _h no little influ5ce 9 ! affairs ( ! _w4 #abf ,primitive ,culture1 vol4 i4 p4 #aca2 see ,br&'s ,popul> ,antiquities1 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 pp4 #cda-cdh4 #abg ,walton's ,lives1 #agif1 p4 #aac1 note4 ,! pret5ce1 also1 ( pr$ict+ ev5ts1 su* z pe/il5ce1 f ! aspect ( ! heav5ly bodies--"o =m ( m$ical a/rology--is notic$ 9 ,v5us & ,adonis3 ,long may !y kiss ea* o!r1 = ?is cure6 ,o1 nev] let _! crimson liv]ies we>6 ,& z !y la/1 _! v]dure /ill endure1 ,to drive infection f ! dang]\s ye>6 ,t ! />-gaz]s1 hav+ writ on dea?1 ,may say1 ! plague is bani%'d by ?y brea?6 ,h]oes 7 9 anci5t times immortaliz$ by be+ plac$ among ! />s1 a cu/om to :i* ,b$=d ref]s 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #a73 ,a f> m glori\s /> ?y s\l w make ,?an ,julius ,cs>4 ,&1 aga91 ,p]icles 7v4 #c7 exclaims3 ,heav5s make a /> ( him4 ,on a m$al ( ,hadrian1 ! adopt$ son ( ,trajan & ,plot9a1 ! div9ity ( 8 p>5ts is express$ by plac+ a /> ov] _! heads2 & 9 l mann] ! m$als ( ,fau/9a ! ,eld] exhibit h] on an eagle1 h] head surr\nd$ ) />s4#abh #abh ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 p4 #cig4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iv4 #c7 a ludicr\s t]m = ! />s is1 c9d]s ( ! elem5ts2 & 9 ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7v4 #a7 !y are designat$ c&les ( ! night4 ,meteors4 ,an elegant description ( a meteor well kn[n to sailors is giv5 by ,ariel 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7i4 #b73 sometime ,i'd divide ,& burn 9 _m places2 on ! topma/1 ,! y>ds1 & b[sprit1 w\ld ,i flame di/9ctly1 ,!n meet & jo94 ,x is call$1 by ! ,fr5* & ,spani>ds inhabit+ ! coa/s ( ! ,m$it]ranean1 ,/4 ,helme's or ,/4 ,telme's fire2 by ! ,italians1 ! fire ( ,/4 ,pet] & ,/4 ,ni*olas4 ,x is also kn[n z ! fire ( ,/4 ,hel51 ,/4 ,h]m1 & ,/4 ,cl>e4 ,d\ce#abi tells u t :5ev] x appe>$ z a s+le flame x 0 suppos$ by ! anci5ts to be ,hel5a1 ! si/] ( ,ca/or & ,pollux1 & 9 ?is /ate to br+ ill luck1 f ! calamities :i* ?is lady is kn[n to h caus$ 9 ! ,trojan w>4 ,:5 x came z a d\ble flame x 0 call$ ,ca/or & ,pollux1 & acc\nt$ a good om54 ,x has be5 describ$ z a little blaze ( fire1 sometimes appe>+ by night on ! tops ( soldi]s' lances1 or at sea on ma/s & saily>ds1 :irl+ & leap+ 9 a mom5t f "o place to ano!r4 ,accord+ to "s1 x nev] appe>s b aft] a tempe/1 & is suppos$ to lead p to suicide by dr[n+4 ,%akespe>e 9 all probability consult$ ,batman's ,gold5 ,books ( ! ,lead5 ,goddes1 :o1 speak+ ( ,ca/or & ,pollux1 says3 ,!y 7 figur$ l two lampes or cresset lightes--"o on ! toppe ( a ma/e1 ! o!r on ! /emme or =e%ippe4 ,he adds t if ! fir/ light appe>s 9 ! /em or =e%ip & asc5ds upw>ds1 x is a sign ( good luck2 if ei!r lights beg9 at ! topma/1 b[sprit1 or =e%ip1 & desc5ds t[>ds ! sea1 x is a sign ( a tempe/4 ,9 tak+1 !re=e1 ! latt] position1 ,ariel _h fulfill$ ! comm&s ( ,prosp]o1 & rais$ a /orm4#acj ,mr4 ,swa9son1 9 8 ,wea!r-,lore 7#ahgc1 p4 #aic71 quotes ! foll[+1 :i* is to ! same purport3 ,la/ night ,i saw ,sa9t ,elmo's />s1 ,) _! glitt]+ lant]ns all at play1 ,on ! tops ( ! ma/s & ! tips ( ! sp>s1 ,& ,i knew we %\ld h f\l wea!r t day4 #abi ,ibid4 p4 #c4 #acj ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 p4 #djj4 ,capell1 9 8 ,s*ool ( ,%akespe>e 7#aggi1 iii4 #g71 has po9t$ out a passage 9 ,hakluyt's ,voyages 7#aeih1 iii4 #dej71 :i* /rik+ly illu/rates ! spee* ( ,ariel quot$ above3 ,i d rememb] t 9 ! great & boy/]\s /orme ( ?is f\le wea!r1 9 ! night1 !re came vpon ! toppe ( our ma9e y>de & ma9e ma/e1 a c]ta9e little light1 mu* l unto ! light ( a little c&le1 :i* ! ,spani>ds call$ ! ,cu]po-,santo1 & said x 0 ,/4 ,elmo1 :om !y take to bee ! aduocate ( sail]s4444 ,?is light cont9u$ aboord our %ip ab\t ?ree h\res1 fly+ f ma/e to ma/e1 & f top to top2 & sometimes x w\ld be 9 two or ?ree places at once4 ,?is meteor 0 by "s suppos$ to be a _s2 & by o!rs an exhalation ( moy/ vap\rs1 t are +5d]$ by f\l & tempe/u\s wea!r4#aca ,mr4 ,?oms1 9 8 ,notelets on ,%akespe>e 7#ahfe1 p4 #ei71 says t1 no d\bt1 ,%akespe>e _h 9 m9d ! w-o'-!-wisp4#acb #aca ,pur*as1 ,8 ,pilgrimes 7#afbe1 pt4 i4 lib4 iii4 p4 #acc71 quot$ by ,mr4 ,aldis ,wright 9 8 ,notes to ,! ,tempe/1 #ahge1 p4 #hf4 #acb ,see ,puck z ,w-o'-!-,wisp2 *apt] on ,fairy-,lore4 ,fire-,drake1 :i* is jocul>ly us$ 9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7v4 #d7 = a man ) a r$ face1 0 "o ( ! popul> t]ms = ! w-o'-!-wisp1#acc & ,burton1 9 8 ,anatomy ( ,melan*oly1 says3 ,fi]y spirits or devils are su* z commonly "w by fire-drakes1 or ignes fatui1 :i* lead m5 (t5 9 flum9a et prcipitia4 ,9 ,bullok>'s ,engli% ,expositor 7#afaf71 we h a qua9t acc\nt ( ?is ph5om5on3 ,fire-drake2 a fire sometimes se5 fly+ 9 ! night l a dragon4 ,common p ?9k x a _s t keepe? "s treasure hid1 b philosoph]s affirme x to be a great unequal exhalation inflam$ betwe5e two cl\ds1 ! "o hot1 ! o!r cold1 :i* is ! reason t x also smoke?1 ! middle "p :]e(1 accord+ to ! proportion ( ! hot cl\d be+ great] ?an ! re/1 make? x seem l a bellie1 & bo? ends l unto a head & taill4#acd ,:ite1 h[ev]1 9 8 ,p]ipateticall ,in/itutions 7p4 #aef71 calls ! fi]y-dragon or fire-drake1 a weak] k9d ( lightn+4 ,its livid colors1 & its fall+ )\t noise & sl[ly1 demon/rate a great mixture ( wat]y exhalation 9 x4444 ',tis suffici5t = its %ape1 t x has "s resemblance ( a dragon1 n ! expresse figure4 #acc ,see ,notes & ,qu]ies1 #e? s]ies1 vol4 x4 p4 #dii2 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 p4 #daj2 ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #cji4 #acd ,a fire-drake appe>s to h be5 also an artificial firework1 p]haps :at is n[ call$ a s]p5t4 ,?us1 9 ,middleton's ,y\r ,five ,gallants 7#afjg73 ,b1 l fire-drakes1 ,m\nt$ a little1 gave a crack & fell4 ,among o!r allusions to ! w-o'-!-wisp by ,%akespe>e1 ,mr4 ,hunt]#ace notices "o 9 ,k+ ,le> 7iii4 #d71 :]e ,glo/]'s tor* be+ se5 9 ! di/ance1 ! fool says1 ,look1 "h comes a walk+ fire4 ,:]eupon ,edg> replies1 ,?is is ! f\l fi5d1 ,flibb]tigibbet2 he beg9s at curfew1 & walks till ! fir/ cock4 ,f :i*1 obs]ves ,mr4 ,hunt]1 ,flibb]tigibbet seems to be a "n = ! w-o'-!-wisp4 ,h5ce ! propriety ( ',he beg9s at curfew1 & walks till ! cr[+ ( ! cock1' t is1 is se5 9 all ! d>k ( ! night4 ,x appe>s t :5 ,%akespe>e wrote1 a walk+ fire 0 a common "n = ! ignis fatuus1 z we le>n f ! /ory ( ,h[ ,rob9 ,goodfell[ lead a company ( fell[s out ( _! way3 ,a company ( "y m51 hav+ be5 mak+ m]ry ) _! swee!>ts1 71 at _! com+ home1 to come ov] a hea?2 ,rob9 ,goodfell[1 kn[+ ( x1 met !m1 & to make "s pa/ime hee l$ !m up & d[ne ! hea! a :ole night1 s t !y c\ld n get out ( x1 = hee w5t be=e !m 9 ! %ape ( a walk+ fire1 :i* !y all saw & foll[$ till ! day did appe>e2 !n ,rob9 left !m1 & at 8 dep>ture spake ^! words3 ',get y home1 y m]ry lads1 ,tell y\r mammies & y\r dads1 ,& all ^? t newes desire ,h[ y saw a walk+ fire1 ,w5*es1 t doe smile & lispe1 ,use to call me willy-wispe4' #ace ,new ,illu/rations ( ! ,life1 ,/udies1 & ,writ+s ( ,%akespe>e1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bgb4 ,ano!r allusion to ?is subject occurs 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7iv4 #a71 :]e ,/ephano1 aft] ,ariel has l$ him & 8 drunk5 companions ?r\gh too?'d bri]s1 %>p furzes1 prick+ goss & ?orns1 & at la/ left !m i' ! fil?y mantl$ pool1 reproa*es ,caliban 9 ^! words3 ,mon/]1 y\r fairy1 :i* y say is a h>mless fairy1 has done little bett] ?an play$ ! ,jack ) u--t is1 to quote ,dr4 ,johnson's explanation ( ?is passage1 he has play$ ,jack-)-a-lan?orn1 has l$ u ab\t l an ignis fatuus1 by :i* travell]s are decoy$ into ! mire4#acf ,once m1 :5 ,puck1 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7iii4 #a71 speaks ( ! v>i\s =ms he assumes 9 ord] to mislead night w&]]s1 laugh+ at _! h>m1 he says3 ,sometime a horse ,i'll be1 sometime a h\nd1 ,a hog1 a headless be>1 sometime a fire4 #acf ,see ,?oms's ,notelets on ,%akespe>e1 p4 #ei4 ,%akespe>e1 no d\bt1 "h alludes to ! w-o'-! wisp1 an op9ion %>$ by ,mr4 ,joseph ,ritson1#acg :o says3 ,?is ,puck1 or ,rob9 ,goodfell[1 seems likewise to be ! illusory c&le-hold]1 s fatal to travell]s1 & :o is m usually call$ ',jack-a-lant]n1'#ach or ',w-)-a-wisp1' & ',kit-)-!-c&le/ick4' ,milton1 9 ,p>adise ,lo/ 7book ix471 alludes to ?is deceptive gleam 9 ! foll[+ l9es3 ,a w&]+ fire ,compact ( unctu\s vap\r1 :i* ! night ,cond5ses1 & ! cold environs r\nd1 ,k9dl$ ?r\gh agitation to a flame1 ,:i* (t1 !y say1 "s evil _s att5ds1 ,hov]+ & blaz+ ) delusive light1 ,misleads ?' amaz'd night-w&]] f 8 way ,to bogs & mires1 & (t ?r\gh pond & pool4#aci #acg ,fairy ,my?ology1 edit$ by ,hazlitt1 #ahge1 p4 #dj4 #ach ,among ! _m o!r names giv5 to ?is appe>ance may be m5tion$ ! foll[+3 ,w-a-wisp1 ,joan-9-!-wad1 ,jacket-a-wad1 ,peg-a-lant]n1 ,elf-fire1 etc4 ,a correspond5t ( ,notes & ,qu]ies 7#e? s]ies1 vol4 x4 p4 #dii7 says3 ,! w&]+ meteor ( ! moss or fell appe>s to h be5 p]sonifi$ z ,jack1 ,gill1 ,joan1 ,w1 or ,rob91 indiff]5tly1 accord+ z ! suppos$ _s ( ! lamp seem$ to ! p>ticul> ru/ic m9d to be a male or female app>ition4 ,9 ,worce/]%ire x is call$ ,hob-&-8-lan?orn1 & ,hobany's or ,hobn$y's ,lan?orn4 #aci ,mr4 ,ritson says t ,milton is frequ5tly cont5t to pilf] a happy expression f ,%akespe>e--on ?is occasion1 'night-w&]]4' ,he else:]e calls x ! fri>'s lant]n4 ,?is appe>ance has giv5 rise to a mo/ ext5sive folk-lore1 & is embodi$ 9 _m ( ! fairy leg5ds & sup]/itions ( ?is & o!r c\ntries4 ,?us1 9 ,g]many1 ,jack-o'-lant]ns are said to be ! s\ls ( unbaptiz$ *ildr51 t h no re/ 9 ! grave1 & mu/ hov] betwe5 heav5 & e>?4 ,9 _m places !y are call$ l&-measur]s1 & are se5 l figures ( fire1 runn+ to & fro ) a r$-hot measur+ rod4 ,^! are said to be p]sons :o h falsely sworn away l&1 or fraudul5tly measur$ x1 or remov$ l&m>ks4#adj ,9 ! neighborhood ( ,magdeburg1 !y are kn[n z ,l*temannek5s2 & to cause !m to appe>1 x is suffici5t to call out ,n9ove1 ,n9ove4 ,9 ! ,s\? ,altm>k !y are t]m$ ,dickept52 & if a p]son only prays z soon z he sees "o1 he draws x to him2 if he curses1 x retires4 ,9 "s p>ts1 too1 a popul> "n is ,huckept51 & ,tuckbolde4 ,! ,jack-o'-lant]ns ( ,d5m>k#ada are ! spirits ( unrighte\s m51 :o1 by a false glimm]1 seek to mislead ! travell]1 & to decoy him into bogs & moors4 ,! be/ safegu>d aga9/ !m1 :5 !y appe>1 is to turn "o's cap inside out4 ,a simil> notion occurs 9 ,devon%ire ) reg>d to ! ,pixies1 :o delight 9 lead+ a/ray su* p]sons z !y f9d abroad aft] nightfall2 ! only rem$y to escape !m be+ to turn "s "p ( ! dress4 ,9 ,norm&y ^! fires are call$ ,feux ,follets1 & !y are believ$ to be cruel spirits1 :om x is dang]\s to enc\nt]4 ,among ! sup]/itions :i* prevail 9 connection ) !m1 two1 says ,mr4 ,?oms1#adb are des]v+ ( notice3 ,"o is1 t ! ignis fatuus is ! _s ( "s unhappy woman1 :o is de/9$ to run en furolle1 to expiate h] intrigues ) a m9i/] ( ! *ur*1 & x is designat$ f t circum/ance ,la ,f\rlore1 or ,la ,f\rolle4 ,ano!r op9ion is1 t ,le ,feu ,follet is ! s\l ( a prie/1 :o has be5 condemn$ ?us to expiate 8 brok5 v[s ( p]petual *a/ity2 & x is v probable t x is to "s simil> belief exi/+ 9 ?is c\ntry1 at ! "t :5 he wrote1 t ,milton alludes 9 ,l',allegro1 :5 he says3 ,%e 0 p9*$ & pull$1 %e said1 ,& he by ,fri>'s ,lan?orn l$4 #adj ,?orpe1 ,nor!rn ,my?ology1 #aheb1 vol4 iii4 pp4 #he1 #aeh1 #bbj4 #ada ,notelets on ,%akespe>e1 pp4 #fd1 #fe4 #adb ,ibid4 ,9 ,brittany ! ,porte-br&on appe>s 9 ! =m ( a *ild be>+ a tor*1 :i* he turns l a burn+ :eel2 & ) ?is1 we are told1 he sets fire to ! villages1 :i* are sudd5ly1 sometimes 9 ! middle ( ! night1 wrapp$ 9 flames4 ,! appe>ance ( meteors ,%akespe>e ranks among om5s1 z 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d71 :]e ,b>dolph says3 ,my "l1 d y see ^! meteors8 d y behold ^! exhalations8 ,:at ?9k y !y port5d8 ,& 9 ,k+ ,john 7iii4 #d71 ,p&ulph speaks ( meteors z prodigies & signs4 ,! ,wel% capta91 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7ii4 #d71 says3 ',tis ?\ght ! k+ is dead2 we w n /ay4 ,! bay-trees 9 our c\ntry are all )]'d1 ,& meteors fright ! fix$ />s ( heav54 ,comet4 ,f ! e>lie/ times comets h be5 sup]/iti\sly reg>d$1 & rank$ among om5s4 ,?us ,?ucydides tells u t ! ,peloponnesian w> 0 h]ald$ by an abundance ( e>?quakes & comets2 & ,v]gil1 9 speak+ ( ! dea? ( ,cs>1 decl>es t at no o!r "t did comets & o!r sup]natural prodigies appe> 9 great] numb]s4 ,x is probably to ?is latt] ev5t t ,%akespe>e alludes 9 ,julius ,cs> 7ii4 #b71 :]e he repres5ts ,calpurnia z say+3 ,:5 begg>s die1 !re are no comets se52 ,! heav5s !mselves blaze =? ! dea? ( pr9ces4 ,aga91 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #a71 ! play op5s ) ! foll[+ words1 utt]$ by ! ,duke ( ,b$=d3 ,hung be ! heav5s ) black1 yield day to night6 ,comets1 import+ *ange ( times & /ates1 ,br&i% y\r cry/al tresses 9 ! sky1 ,& ) !m sc\rge ! bad revolt+ />s ,t h cons5t$ unto ,h5ry's dea?6 ,9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7iii4 #b71 too1 ,petru*io1 :5 he makes 8 appe>ance on 8 w$d+-day1 says3 ,g5tles1 me?9ks y fr[n3 ,& :]e=e gaze ?is goodly company1 ,z if !y saw "s wondr\s monum5t1 ,"s comet1 or unusual prodigy8 ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #b71 ! k+1 :5 tell+ 8 son h[ he _h always avoid$ mak+ himself common-hackney'd 9 ! eyes ( m51 adds3 ,by be+ seldom se51 ,i c\ld n /ir ,b1 l a comet1 ,i 0 wond]'d at4 ,arcite1 9 ! ,two ,noble ,k9sm5 7v4 #a71 :5 address+ ! alt> ( ,m>s1 says3 ,^: approa* ,comets =ew>n4#adc #adc ,see ,proctor's ,my?s ( ,a/ronomy2 ,*amb]s's ,dome/ic ,annals ( ,scotl&1 #aheh1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #daj-dab2 ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 pp4 #cfd1 #cfe4 ,dew4 ,among ! _m virtues ascrib$ to dew 0 its suppos$ p[] ov] ! complexion1 a s\rce ( sup]/ition :i* /ill f9ds _m believ]s1 especially on ,may morn+4 ,all dew1 h[ev]1 does n appe> to h possess$ ?is quality1 "s be+ ( a deadly or malignant quality4 ,?us ,ariel1 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7i4 #b71 speaks ( ! deep brook 9 ! h>bor3 :]e once ,?\ call'd/ me up at midnight to fet* dew ,f ! /ill vex'd ,b]moo!s4 ,& ,caliban 7i4 #b71 :5 v5t+ 8 rage on ,prosp]o & ,mir&a1 c f9d no /rong] curse ?an ! foll[+3 ,z wick$ dew z e'er my "m bru%'d1 ,) rav5's fea!r f un:olesome f5 ,drop on y bo?6 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7iii4 #ab7 ,%akespe>e may ref] to an old notion :]eby ! sea 0 consid]$ ! s\rce ( dews z well z ra94 ,euphronius is repres5t$ z say+3 ,su* z ,i am1 ,i come f ,antony3 ,i 0 ( late z petty to 8 ends ,z is ! morn-dew on ! myrtle leaf ,to 8 gr& sea4 ,accord+ to an errone\s notion =m]ly curr5t1 x 0 suppos$ t ! air1 & n ! e>?1 drizzl$ dew--a notion ref]r$ to 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iii4 #e73 ,:5 ! sun sets1 ! air do? drizzle dew4 ,& 9 ,k+ ,john 7ii4 #a73 ,be=e ! dew ( ev5+ fall4 ,!n !re is ! celebrat$ honey-dew1 a sub/ance :i* has furni%$ ! poet ) a t\*+ simile1 :i* he has put into ! m\? ( ,titus ,&ronicus 7iii4 #a73 ,:5 ,i did "n h] bro!rs1 !n fre% te>s ,/ood on h] *eeks2 z do? ! honey-dew ,^u a ga!r'd lily almo/ )]'d4 ,accord+ to ,pl9y1 honey-dew is ! saliva ( ! />s1 or a liquid produc$ by ! purgation ( ! air4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 a secretion deposit$ by a small insect1 :i* is di/+ui%$ by ! g5]ic "n ( aphis4#add #add ,see ,patt]son's ,insects ,m5tion$ by ,%akespe>e1 #ahda1 p4 #ade4 ,ra9b[4 ,second>y ra9b[s1 ! wat]y appe>ance 9 ! sky accompany+ ! ra9b[1 are 9 _m places t]m$ wat]-galls--a t]m we f9d 9 ! ,rape ( ,lucrece 7#aehf-hi73 ,& r\nd ab\t h] te>-di/a9$ eye ,blue circles /ream'd1 l ra9b[s 9 ! sky3 ,^! wat]-galls 9 h] dim elem5t ,=etell new /orms to ^? already sp5t4 ,horace ,walpole sev]al times makes use ( ! ^w3 ,false good news are always produc$ by true good1 l ! wat]-gall by ! ra9b[2 & aga91 ,?ank heav5 x is complete1 & did n rema9 imp]fect1 l a wat]-gall4#ade ,9 ,! ,dialect ( ,crav5 we f9d ,wat]-gall1 a second>y or brok5 ra9b[4 ,g]m4 ,wass]-galle4 #ade ,lett]s1 vol4 i4 p4 #caj2 vol4 vi4 pp4 #a1 #ahg4--;,ed4 ,cunn+ham4 ,?und]4 ,accord+ to an errone\s fancy ! de/ruction occasion$ by lightn+ 0 effect$ by "s solid body kn[n z ! ?und]-/one or ?und]-bolt4 ,?us1 9 ! beautiful dirge 9 ,cymbel9e 7iv4 #b73 ,guid4 ,fe> no m ! lightn+ fla%1 ,arv4 ,or ! all-dread$ ?und]-/one4 ,o!llo asks 7v4 #b73 ,are !re no /ones 9 heav5 ,b :at s]ve = ! ?und]8 ,& 9 ,julius ,cs> 7i4 #c71 ,cassius says3 ,&1 ?us unbrac$1 ,casca1 z y see1 ,h b>$ my bosom to ! ?und]-/one4 ,! ?und]-/one is ! imag9>y product ( ! ?und]1 :i* ! anci5ts call$ ,brontia1 m5tion$ by ,pl9y 7,nat4 ,hi/4 xxxvii4 #aj7 z a species ( gem1 & z t :i*1 fall+ ) ! lightn+1 does ! mis*ief4 ,x is ! fossil commonly call$ ! ,belemnite1 or f+]-/one1 & n[ kn[n to be a %ell4 ,a sup]/iti\s notion prevail$ among ! anci5ts t ^? :o 7 /rick5 ) lightn+ 7 honor$ by ,jupit]1 & !re=e to be acc\nt$ holy4 ,x is probably to ?is idea t ,%akespe>e alludes 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7ii4 #e73 ,"s innoc5ts 'scape n ! ?und]bolt4#adf #adf ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 p4 #cfi4 ,! bodies ( su* 7 suppos$ n to putrefy2 &1 aft] hav+ be5 exhibit$ = a c]ta9 "t to ! p1 7 n buri$ 9 ! usual mann]1 b int]r$ on ! spot :]e ! lightn+ fell1 & a monum5t erect$ ov] !m4 ,"s1 h[ev]1 held a contr>y op9ion4 ,?us ,p]sius 7sat4 ii4 l4 #bg7 says3 ,tri/e jaces lucis evit&umque bid5tal4 ,! gr\nd1 too1 t _h be5 smitt5 by a ?und]-bolt 0 acc\nt$ sacr$1 & aft]w>ds enclos$2 nor did any "o ev5 presume to walk on x4 ,su* spots 71 !re=e1 consecrat$ to ! gods1 & c\ld n 9 future become ! prop]ty ( any "o4 ,among ! _m o!r items ( folk-lore associat$ ) ?und] is a curi\s "o ref]r$ to 9 ,p]icles 7iv4 #c73 ,?und] %all n s awake ! b$ ( eels4 ,! notion =m]ly be+ t ?und] _h ! effect ( r\s+ eels f _! mud1 & s r5d]$ !m m easy to be tak5 9 /ormy wea!r4 ,m>/on alludes to ?is sup]/ition 9 8 satires 7,sc\rge ( ,villa9ie1 sat4 vii473 ,!y are n\ght b eeles1 t nev] w appe>e ,till t tempe/u\s w9ds or ?und] te>e ,_! slimy b$s4 ,! sil5ce t (t5 prec$es a ?und]-/orm is ?us graphically describ$ 9 ,hamlet 7ii4 #b73 'we (t5 see1 aga9/ "s /orm1 ,a sil5ce 9 ! heav5s1 ! rack /& /ill1 ,! bold w9ds spee*less1 & ! orb bel[ ,z hu% z dea?1 anon ! dreadful ?und] ,do? r5d ! region4' ,e>?quakes1 ar\nd :i* s _m curi\s my?s & sup]/itions h clu/]$1#adg are sc>cely notic$ by ,%akespe>e4 ,!y are m5tion$ among ! om9\s signs ( t t]rible night on :i* ,duncan is s trea*]\sly sla9 7,macbe?1 ii4 #c73 ! obscure bird ,clam\r'd ! livelong night3 "s say1 ! e>? ,0 fev]\s & did %ake4 #adg ,see ,tylor's ,primitive ,culture1 vol4 i4 pp4 #cfd-cfg4 ,& 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #a7 ,hotspur assigns z a reason = ! e>?quakes ! foll[+ !ory3 ,diseas$ nature (t5times breaks =? ,9 /range eruptions2 (t ! teem+ e>? ,is ) a k9d ( colic p9*'d & vex'd ,by ! imprison+ ( unruly w9d ,)9 h] womb2 :i*1 = enl>gem5t /riv+1 ,%akes ! old beldam e>?1 & topples d[n ,/eeples1 & moss-gr[n t[]s4 ,equ9ox4 ,! /orms t prevail 9 spr+ at ! v]nal equ9ox are aptly allud$ to 9 ,macbe? 7i4 #b73 ,z :5ce ! sun 'g9s 8 reflection ,%ipwreck+ /orms & direful ?und]s break1 ,s f t spr+1 :5ce com=t seem'd to come1 ,discom=t swells4 --! mean+ be+3 ! beg9n+ ( ! reflection ( ! sun is ! epo* ( 8 pass+ f ! sev]e to ! mild] season1 op5+1 h[ev]1 ) /orms4 ,w9d4 ,an imm5se deal ( curi\s wea!r-lore#adh has be5 associat$ ) ! w9d f ! e>lie/ p]iod2 & 9 our own & =eign c\ntries innum]able prov]bs are f\nd describ+ ! future /ate ( ! wea!r f ! position ( ! w9d1 =1 accord+ to an old say+1 e w9d has its wea!r4 ,%akespe>e has introduc$ "s ( ^!1 %[+ h[ ke5 an obs]v] he 0 ( ^? e-day say+s :i* h always be5 mu* 9 use1 especially among ! l[] classes4 ,?us ! prov]bial wet :i* accompanies ! w9d :5 9 ! s\? is m5tion$ 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7iii4 #e73 ,l foggy s\?1 puff+ ) w9d & ra94 #adh ,see ,swa9son's ,wea!r-,lore4 ,& aga91 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7v4 #a73 ,! s\!rn w9d ,do? play ! trumpet to 8 i4 e41 ! sun's purposes2 ,& by 8 holl[ :i/l+ 9 ! leaves ,=etells a tempe/1 & a blu/]+ day4 ,a popul> say+ to ! same effect1 /ill 9 use1 tells u t3 ,:5 ! w9d is 9 ! s\?1 ,x is 9 ! ra9's m\?4 ,aga91 9 days gone by1 ! s\!rly w9ds 7 g5]ally suppos$ to be be>]s ( noxi\s fogs & vapors1 frequ5t allusions to :i* are giv5 by ,%akespe>e4 ,?us1 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7i4 #b71 ,caliban says3 a s\?-we/ bl[ on ye ,& bli/] y all o'er4 ,a book1#adi too1 ) :i*1 z already notic$1 ,%akespe>e appe>s to h be5 famili>1 tells u1 ,?is s\!rn w9d is hot & moi/4 ,s\!rn w9ds corrupt & de/roy2 !y heat1 & make m5 fall into ! sickness4 ,h5ce1 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7v4 #a71 ,!rsites speaks ( ! rott5 diseases ( ! s\?2 & 9 ,coriolanus 7i4 #d71 ,m>cius exclaims3 ,all ! contagion ( ! s\? light on y4 #adi ,batman ^u ,b>?olomu--,de ,proprietatibus ,r]um1 lib4 xi4 c4 #c4 ,once m1 9 ,cymbel9e 7ii4 #c71 ,clot5 speaks 9 ! same /ra93 ,! s\? fog rot him4 ,flaws4 ,^! are sudd5 gu/s ( w9d4 ,x 0 ! op9ion1 says ,w>burton1 ( "s philosoph]s t ! vapors be+ congeal$ 9 ! air by cold 7:i* is ! mo/ int5se 9 ! morn+71 & be+ aft]w>ds r>efi$ & let loose by ! w>m? ( ! sun1 occasion ^? sudd5 & impetu\s gu/s ( w9d :i* 7 call$ 'flaws4' ,?us he comm5ts on ! foll[+ passage 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iv4 #d73 ,z humor\s z w9t]1 & z sudd5 ,z flaws congeal$ 9 ! spr+ ( day4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #a7 ^! outbur/s ( w9d are fur!r allud$ to3 ,& ?is fell tempe/ %all n cease to rage ,until ! gold5 circuit on my head1 ,l to ! glori\s sun's transp>5t beams1 ,d calm ! fury ( ?is mad-br$ flaw4 ,aga91 9 ,v5us & ,adonis 7#dbe71 !re is an additional ref]5ce3 ,l a r$ morn1 t ev] yet betok5'd ,wreck to ! seaman1 tempe/ to ! field1 ,sorr[ to %eph]ds1 woe unto ! birds1 ,gu/s & f\l flaws to h]dm5 & to h]ds4 ,9 ! ,corni% dialect a flaw signifies primitively a cut4#aej ,b x is also !re us$ 9 a second>y s5se = ^? sudd5 or cutt+ gu/s ( w9d4#aea #aej ,pol:ele's ,corni% ,vocabul>y4 #aea ,cf4 ,macbe?1 iii4 #d1 ,o1 ^! flaws & />ts4 ,squalls4 ,!re is a common notion t ! sudd5 /orm la/s n ?ree h\rs1 an idea ref]r$ to by ,john ( ,gaunt 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7ii4 #a73 ,small %[]s la/ long1 b sudd5 /orms are %ort4 ,?us1 9 ,norfolk1 ! peasantry say t ! fa/] ! ra91 ! quick] ! hold up1 :i* is only a diff]5ce 9 words f ! popul> adage1 aft] a /orm comes a calm4 ,cl\ds4 ,9 days gone by1 cl\ds float+ be=e ! w9d1 l a reek or vapor1 7 t]m$ rack+ cl\ds4 ,h5ce 9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7ii4 #a71 ,ri*>d speaks (3 ,?ree glori\s suns1 ea* "o a p]fect sun2 ,n sep>at$ ) ! rack+ cl\ds4 ,?is v]b1 ?\gh n[ obsolete1 0 =m]ly 9 common use2 & 9 ,k+ ,edw>d ,,iii41 #aeif1 we read3 ,l incon/ant cl\ds1 ,t1 rack'd ^u ! c>riage ( ! w9ds1 ,increase1 etc4 ,at ! pres5t day "o may (t5 he> ! phrase1 ! rack ( ! wea!r1 9 our agricultural di/ricts2 _m1 too1 ( ! items ( wea!r-lore notic$ by ,%akespe>e be+ /ill firmly cr$it$ by our peasantry4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,birds4 ,9 ! pres5t *apt] we h n only a /rik+ pro( ( ,%akespe>e's m9ute acqua9tance ) natural hi/ory1 b ( 8 rem>kable v]satility z a writ]4 ,:ile display+ a mo/ ext5sive k ( orni?ology1 he has fur!r illu/rat$ 8 subject by allud+ to ^? num]\s leg5ds1 popul> say+s1 & sup]/itions :i* h1 9 ?is & o!r c\ntries1 clu/]$ r\nd ! fea!r$ race4 ,inde$1 ! foll[+ pages are alone suffici5t to %[1 if x 7 necess>y1 h[ fully he appreciat$ e bran* ( antiqu>ian lore2 & :at a dilig5t /ud5t he mu/ h be5 9 ! pursuit ( t wide range ( in=mation1 ! possession ( :i* has made him "o ( ! mo/ _m-sid$ writ]s t ! _w has ev] se54 ,! num]\s incid5tal allusions1 too1 by ,%akespe>e1 to ! folk-lore ( bygone days1 :ile %[+ h[ deeply he mu/ h read & ga!r$ k f e available s\rce1 s]ve z an additional pro( ( 8 ret5tive memory1 & m>vell\s p[] ( embelli%+ 8 ideas by ! mo/ apposite illu/rations4 ,un=tunately1 h[ev]1 ^! h1 hi!rto1 be5 frequ5tly lo/ sight ( ?r\gh ! read]'s unacqua9tance ) t ext5sive field ( folk-lore :i* 0 s well kn[n to ! poet4 ,= ! sake ( easy ref]5ce1 ! birds ) :i* ! pres5t *apt] deals are arrang$ alphabetically4 ,b>nacle-,goose4 ,!re 0 a curi\s notion1 v preval5t 9 =m] times1 t ?is bird 7,ans] b]nicla7 0 g5]at$ f ! b>nacle 7,lepas anatif]a71 a %ell-fi%1 gr[+ on a flexible /em1 & adh]+ to loose timb]1 bottoms ( %ips1 etc41 a metamorphosis to :i* ,%akespe>e alludes 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7iv4 #a71 :]e he makes ,caliban say3 we %all lose our "t1 ,& all be turn'd to b>nacles4 ,?is vulg> error1 no d\bt1 orig9at$ 9 mi/ak+ ! fle%y p$uncle ( ! %ell-fi% = ! neck ( a goose1 ! %ell = its head1 & ! t5tacula = a tuft ( fea!rs4 ,^! %ell-fi%1 !re=e1 be>+1 z se5 out ( ! wat]1 a resemblance to ! goose's neck1 7 ignorantly1 & )\t inve/igation1 conf\nd$ ) geese !mselves4 ,9 ,france1 ! b>nacle-goose may be eat5 on fa/ days1 by virtue ( ?is old belief 9 its fi%y orig94#aeb ,l o!r fictions ?is "o _h its v>iations1#aec = sometime ! b>nacles 7 suppos$ to gr[ on trees1 & !nce to drop into ! sea1 & become geese1 z 9 ,drayton's acc\nt ( ,furness 7,polyolb4 #afbb1 song #bg1 l4 #aaij74 ,z e>ly z ! #ab? c5tury ?is idea#aed 0 promulgat$ by ,giraldus ,cambr5sis 9 8 ,topographia ,hib]ni4 ,g]>de1 :o 9 ! ye> #aeig publi%$ 8 ,h]ball1 or ,g5]all ,hi/orie ( ,plantes1 n>rates ! foll[+3 ,!re are f\nd 9 ! nor? p>ts ( ,scotl&1 & ! isles adjac5t call$ ,orcades1 c]ta9 trees1 :]eon d gr[ c]ta9 %ell-fi%es1 ( a :ite color1 t5d+ to russet1 :]e9 are conta9$ little liv+ creatures2 :i* %ells 9 "t ( maturity d op51 & out ( !m gr[ ^? little liv+ ?+s :i*1 fall+ into ! wat]1 d become f[ls1 :om we call b>nacles1 9 ! nor? ( ,engl& brant geese1 & 9 ,lanca%ire tree geese2 b ! o!rs t d fall ^u ! l& p]i%1 & d come to no?+4 ,?us mu* ( ! writ+s ( o!rs1 & also f ! m\?s ( p ( ^? p>ts1 :i* may v well accord ) tru?4 ,b :at our eyes h se5 & h&s h t\*$1 we %all decl>e4 ,!re is a small isl& 9 ,lanca%ire call$ ! ,pile ( ,f\ld]s1 :]e9 are f\nd ! brok5 pieces ( old %ips1 "s :]e( h be5 ca/ ?i!r by %ipwreck1 & also ! trunks or bodies1 ) ! bran*es1 ( old rott5 trees1 ca/ up !re likewise1 :]eon is f\nd a c]ta9 spume or fro?1 t 9 "t bre$e? into c]ta9 %ells1 9 %ape l ^? ( ! mussel1 b %>p] po9t$1 & ( a :iti% color3 :]e9 is conta9$ a ?+ 9 =m l a lace ( silk1 "o end :]e( is fa/5$ unto ! inside ( ! %ell1 ev5 z ! fi% ( oy/]s & mussels are4 ,! o!r end is made fa/ unto ! belly ( a rude mass or lump1 :i* 9 "t come? to ! %ape & =m ( a bird2 :5 x is p]fectly =m$ ! %ell gape? op51 & ! fir/ ?+ t appe>e? is ! =esaid lace or /r+2 next come ! legs ( ! bird hang+ out1 & z x gr[e? great] x op5e? ! %ell by degrees1 till at l5g? x is all come =? & hange? only by ! bill4 ,9 %ort space aft] x come? to full maturity1 & falle? into ! sea1 :]e x ga!re? fea!rs & gr[e? to a f[l1 bigg] ?an a mall>d1 & less] ?an a goose2 hav+ black legs & bill1 or beak1 & fea!rs black & :ite1 spott$ 9 su* a mann] z is our magpie1 :i* ! p ( ,lanca%ire call by no o!r "n ?an a tree goose4 ,an int]e/+ cut ( ^! birds s gr[+ is giv5 by ,mr4 ,halliwell-,phillipps f a manuscript ( ! #ad? c5tury1 :o is ( op9ion t ! b>nacle m5tion$ by ,caliban 0 ! tree-goose4 ,x is n to be suppos$1 h[ev]1 t !re 7 none :o d\bt$ ?is m>vell\s /ory1 or :o took /eps to refute x4 ,belon1 s long ago z #aeea1 says ,mr4 ,h>t+1#aee & o!rs aft] him1 treat$ x ) ridicule1 & a refutation may be f\nd 9 ,willughby's ,orni?ology1 :i* 0 edit$ by ,ray 9 #afgh4aef ,?is vulg> error is m5tion$ by _m ( ! old writ]s4 ,?us ,bi%op ,hall1 9 8 ,virgidemi>um 7lib4 iv4 sat4 #b71 says3 ,! ,scotti% b>nacle1 if ,i might *oose1 ,t ( a worme do? waxe a w+$ goose4 #aeb ,see ,h>l& & ,wilk9son's ,lanca%ire ,folk-,lore1 #ahfg1 pp4 #aaf-aba2 ,notes & ,qu]ies1 #a/ s]ies1 vol4 viii4 p4 #bbd2 ,p5ny ,cyclopdia1 vol4 vii4 p4 #bjf1 article ,cirrip$a4 #aec ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 #ahgb1 vol4 i4 p4 #ef4 #aed ,see ,h>t+'s ,orni?ology ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahga1 pp4 #bdf-beg4 #aee ,orni?ology ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahga1 p4 #beb4 #aef ,see ,philosophical ,transactions = #ahce2 ,d>w9's ,monograph ( ! ,cirrhip$ia1 publi%$ by ! ,ray ,society2 a pap] by ,sir ,j4 ,em]son ,t5n5t 9 ,notes & ,qu]ies1 #a/ s]ies1 vol4 viii4 p4 #bbc2 ,br&'s ,popul> ,antiquities1 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 pp4 #cfa1 #cfb2 ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 p4 #ad4 ,butl]1 too1 9 8 ,hudibras 7,,iii4 ii4 l4 #fee71 speaks ( x2 & ,m>/on1 9 8 ,malecont5t 7#afjd71 has ! foll[+3 ,l y\r ,scot* b>nacle1 n[ a block1 in/antly a worm1 & pres5tly a great goose4 ,blackbird4 ,?is favorite is call$1 9 ! ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7iii4 #a7 an ousel 7old ,fr5*1 oisel71 a t]m /ill us$ 9 ! neighborhood ( ,le$s3 ,! ousel cock1 s black ( hue1 ,) orange-tawny bill4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #b7 :5 ,ju/ice ,%all[ inquires ( ,ju/ice ,sil5ce1 ,& h[ do? my c\s98 he is answ]$3 ,alas1 a black ousel1#aeg c\s9 ,%all[1 a phrase :i*1 no d\bt1 correspond$ to our mod]n "o1 a black %eep4 ,9 ,sp5s]'s ,epi?alamium 7l4 #hb71 ! ^w occurs3 ,! ousel %rills1 ! ruddock w>bles s(t4 #aeg ,see ,y>rell's ,hi/ory ( ,briti% ,birds1 #b;d edition1 vol4 i4 p4 #bah2 ,dialect ( ,le$s1 #ahfb1 p4 #cbi4 ,9 ,hamlet 7iii4 #b71 "s mod]n editions read ouzle2 ! old editions all h weasel1 :i* is n[ adopt$4 ,buzz>d4 ,mr4 ,/aunton sugge/s t 9 ! foll[+ passage ( ! ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7ii4 #a7 a play is int5d$ ^u ! words1 & t 9 ! second l9e buzz>d means a beetle1 f its peculi> buzz+ noise3 ,pet4 ,o sl[-w+'d turtle6 %all a buzz>d take !e8 ,ka?4 ,ay1 = a turtle1 z he takes a buzz>d4 ,! beetle 0 =m]ly call$ a buzz>d2 & 9 ,/af=d%ire1 a cock*af] is t]m$ a hum-buz4 ,9 ,nor?ampton%ire we f9d a prov]b1 ,i'm betwe5 a hawk & a buzz>d1 :i* means1 ,i don't "k :at to d1 or h[ to act4#aeh #aeh ,miss ,bak]'s ,nor?ampton%ire ,gloss>y1 #ahed1 vol4 i4 p4 #id4 ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 #ahgb1 vol4 i4 p4 #abd2 & ,ri*>d ,,iii41 i4 #a4 ,*aff9*4 ,"s ?9k t ?is bird is allud$ to 9 ! song 9 ! ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7iii4 #a71 :]e ! expression f9* is us$2 ! *aff9* hav+ always be5 a favorite cage-bird ) ! l[] classes4#aei ,9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7v4 #a7 ,!rsites calls ,patroclus a f9*-egg1 :i* 0 evid5tly meant z a t]m ( reproa*4 ,o!rs1 aga91 consid] ! phrase z equival5t to coxcomb4 #aei ,h>t+'s ,orni?ology ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #add2 ,halliwell-,phillipps's ,h&book ,index to ,%akespe>e1 #ahff1 p4 #ahg4 ,! t]m f9*1 also1 accord+ to "s1 may mean ei!r ! bullf9* or goldf9*4 ,*\gh4 ,9 us+ ?is ^w ,%akespe>e probably1 9 mo/ cases1 meant ! jackdaw2#afj = 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7iii4 #b7 he says3 russet-pat$ *\ghs1 _m 9 sort1 ,ris+ & caw+ at ! gun's report2 ! t]m russet-pat$ be+ applicable to ! jackdaw1 b n to ! real *\gh4 ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7v4 #a74 ,pr9ce ,h5ry calls ,fal/aff *ewet--,peace1 *ewet1 peace--9 allusion1 no d\bt1 to ! *\gh or jackdaw1 = common birds h always _h a v>iety ( names4#afa ,su* an appellation w\ld be a prop] reproa* to ,fal/aff1 = 8 m$dl+ & imp]t95t talk4 ,/eev5s & ,malone1 h[ev]1 f9d+ t *ewets 7 little r\nd pies made ( m9c$ meat1 ?\ght t ! ,pr9ce comp>$ ,fal/aff1 = 8 unseasonable *att]+1 to a m9c$ pie4 ,cotgrave#afb describes ! ,fr5* *\ette z an owlet2 also1 a *\gh1 :i* _m consid] to be ! simple & satisfactory explanation ( *ewet4 ,belon1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,birds 7,p>is1 #ahee71 speaks ( ! *\ette z ! smalle/ k9d ( *\gh or cr[4 ,aga91 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #b71 9 ! amus+ sc5e :]e ,fal/aff1 ) ! ,pr9ce & ,po9s1 meet to rob ! travell]s at ,gad%ill1 ,fal/aff calls ! victims fat *uffs1 probably1 says ,mr4 ,h>t+1 :o connects ! ^w ) *\gh1 f _! /rutt+ ab\t ) mu* noise4 ,n>es1#afc too1 9 8 explanation ( *uff1 says1 t "s suppose x to be f *\gh1 :i* is simil>ly pron\nc$1 & means a k9d ( sea-bird1 g5]ally e/eem$ a /upid "o4 ,v>i\s o!r mean+s are giv54 ,?us1 ,mr4 ,gif=d#afd affirms t *uff is always us$ 9 a bad s5se1 & means a co>se1 unmann]$ cl[n1 at once sordid & weal?y2 & ,mr4 ,halliwell-,phillipps expla9s x z spok5 9 contempt = a fat p]son4#afe ,9 ,nor?ampton%ire1#aff we f9d ! ^w *uff us$ to d5ote a p]son 9 good condition1 z 9 ,cl>e's ,village ,m9/rel3 ,8 *uff *eeks dimpl+ 9 a fondl+ smile4 #afj ,see ,y>rell's ,hi/ory ( ,briti% ,birds1 #b;d edition1 vol4 ii4 p4 #eh4 #afa ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #aef2 ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 #ahge1 vol4 v4 p4 #aae2 ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 #ahgf1 p4 #gg4 #afb ,mr4 ,dyce says t if ,dr4 ,la?am _h be5 acqua9t$ ) ! article ,*\ette1 9 ,cotgrave1 he w\ld n probably h sugge/$ t ,%akespe>e meant "h ! lapw+ or pewit4 ,"s consid] ! magpie is meant4 ,see ,halliwell-,phillipps's ,h&book ,index to ,%akespe>e1 #ahff1 p4 #hc4 ,pr(essor ,newton w\ld read russet-patt$1 or r$-legg$1 ?9k+ t ,%akespe>e meant ! *\gh4 #afc ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #afb2 ,s+]'s ,notes to ,%akespe>e1 #ahge1 vol4 v4 p4 #db4 #afd ,mass+]'s ,works1 #ahac1 vol4 i4 p4 #bha4 #afe ,h&book ,index to ,%akespe>e1 #ahff1 p4 #hf4 #aff ,miss ,bak]'s ,nor?ampton%ire ,gloss>y1 #ahed1 vol4 i4 p4 #aaf4 ,%akespe>e alludes to ! practice ( tea*+ *\ghs to talk1 al?\gh f ! foll[+ passages he does n appe> to h e/eem$ _! talk+ p[]s z ( mu* value2 = 9 ,all's ,well ,t ,ends ,well 7iv4 #a71 he says3 ,*\ghs' language1 gabble en\gh1 & good en\gh4 ,& 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7ii4 #a71 he repres5ts ,antonio z say+3 ,!re be t c rule ,naples ,z well z he t sleeps2 lords t c prate ,z amply & unnecess>ily ,z ?is ,gonzalo2 ,i myself c\ld make ,a *\gh ( z deep *at4 ,%akespe>e always ref]s to ! jackdaw z ! daw4#afg ,! *\gh or jackdaw 0 "o ( ! birds consid]$ om9\s by our =efa!rs1 an allusion to :i* occurs 9 ,macbe? 7iii4 #d73 ,augurs & und]/ood relations h1 ,by magot-pies & *\ghs & rooks br\ght =? ,! secret'/ man ( blood4 #afg ,coriolanus1 iv4 #e2 ,troilus & ,cressida1 i4 #b2 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+1 ii4 #c2 ,twelf? ,night1 iii4 #d2 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/1 v4 #b1 song2 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 ii4 #d4 ,at ! pres5t day ?is bird is n )\t its folk-lore1 & !re is a ,norwi* rhyme to ! foll[+ effect3#afh ,:5 ?ree daws are se5 on ,/4 ,pet]'s vane toge!r1 ,!n we're sure to h bad wea!r4 ,9 ! nor? ( ,engl&1#afi too1 ! flight ( jackdaws d[n ! *imney is held to presage dea?4 #afh ,swa9son's ,wea!r-,lore1 #ahgc1 p4 #bdj4 #afi ,h5d]son's ,folk-,lore ( ,nor!rn ,c\nties1 #ahgi1 p4 #dh4 ,cock4 ,! beautiful notion :i* repres5ts ! cock z cr[+ all night long on ,*ri/mas ,eve1 & by its vigilance dispell+ e k9d ( malignant _s#agj & evil influ5ce is graphically m5tion$ 9 ,hamlet 7i4 #a71 :]e ,m>cellus1 speak+ ( ! gho/1 says3 ,x fad$ on ! cr[+ ( ! cock4 ,"s say1 t ev] 'ga9/ t season comes ,:]e9 our ,savi\r's bir? is celebrat$1 ,! bird ( dawn+ s+e? all night long4 ,& !n1 !y say1 no _s d>es /ir abroad2 ,! nights are :olesome2 !n no planets /rike1 ,no fairy takes1 nor wit* ha? p[] to *>m1 ,s hall['d & s graci\s is ! "t4 #agj ,see ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #dch4 ,9 %ort1 !re is a complete pro/ration ( ! p[]s ( d>kness2 & ?us1 = ! "t be+1 mank9d is said to be releas$ f ! influ5ce ( all ^? evil =ces :i* o!rwise ex]t su* sway4 ,! notion t spirits fly at cock-cr[ is v anci5t1 & is m5tion$ by ! ,*ri/ian poet ,prud5tius1 :o fl\ri%$ 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! f\r? c5tury4 ,!re is also a hymn1 said to h be5 compos$ by ,/4 ,ambrose1 & =m]ly us$ 9 ! ,salisbury ,s]vice1 :i* s mu* resembles ! foll[+ spee* ( ,horatio 7i4 #a71 t "o might almo/ suppose ,%akespe>e _h se5 x3#aga ,! cock1 t is ! trumpet to ! morn1 ,do? ) 8 l(ty & %rill-s\nd+ ?roat ,awake ! god ( day2 &1 at 8 w>n+1 ,:e!r 9 sea or fire1 9 e>? or air1 ,! extravagant & err+ _s hies ,to 8 conf9e4 #aga ,see ,ibid4 ,?is disappe>ance ( spirits at cock-cr[ is fur!r allud$ to 7i4 #b73agb ! morn+ cock crew l\d1 ,& at ! s\nd x %runk 9 ha/e away1 ,& vani%$ f our sight4 #agb ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #ea-eg2 ,hampson's ,m$ii ,o,evi ,kal5d>ium1 vol4 i4 p4 #hd4 ,blair1 too1 9 8 ,grave1 has ^! graphic words3 ! tale ,( horrid app>ition1 tall & gha/ly1 ,t walks at dead ( night1 or takes 8 /& ,o'er "s new-op5'd grave1 &1 /range to tell1 ,evani%es at cr[+ ( ! cock4 ,?is sup]/ition has n entirely di$ out 9 ,engl&1 & a correspond5t ( ,notes & ,qu]ies#agc relates an amus+ leg5d curr5t 9 ,devon%ire3 ,mr4 ,n4 0 a squire :o _h be5 s un=tunate z to sell 8 s\l to ! devil1 ) ! condition t aft] 8 fun]al ! fi5d %\ld take possession ( 8 sk94 ,he _h also p]suad$ a neighbor to be pres5t on ! occasion ( ! flay+4 ,on ! dea? ( ,mr4 ,n4 ?is man w5t1 9 a /ate ( great al>m1 to ! p>son ( ! p>i%1 & ask$ 8 advice4 ,by him he 0 told to fulfil 8 engagem5t1 b he mu/ be sure & c>ry a cock into ! *ur* ) him4 ,on ! night aft] ! fun]al ! man proce$$ to ! *ur*1 arm$ ) ! cock1 &1 z an additional security1 took up 8 position 9 ! p>son's pew4 ,at twelve o'clock ! devil arriv$1 op5$ ! grave1 took ! corpse f ! c(f91 & flay$ x4 ,:5 ! op]ation 0 conclud$1 he held ! sk9 up be=e him & rem>k$1 ',well1 'twas n wor? com+ = aft] all1 = x is all full ( holes6' ,z he said ?is ! cock crew1 :]eupon ! fi5d1 turn+ r\nd to ! man1 exclaim$1 ',if x _h n be5 = ! bird y h got !re "u y\r arm1 ,i w\ld h y\r sk9 too6' ,b1 ?anks to ! cock1 ! man got home safe aga94 ,v>i\s orig9s h be5 assign$ to ?is sup]/ition1 :i* ,hampson#agd reg>ds z a misund]/ood tradition ( "s ,saban fable4 ,! cock1 he adds1 :i* seems by its e>ly voice to call =? ! sun1 0 e/eem$ a sacr$ sol> bird2 h5ce x 0 also sacr$ to ,m]cury1 "o ( ! p]sonifications ( ! sun4 #agc #a/ s]ies1 vol4 iii4 p4 #djd4 #agd ,m$ii ,o,evi ,kal5d>ium1 vol4 i4 p4 #he4 ,a v g5]al amusem5t1 up to ! end ( ! la/ c5tury1 0 cock-fight+1 a div]sion ( :i* m5tion is occasionally made by ,%akespe>e1 z 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7ii4 #c73 ,8 cocks d w9 ! battle /ill ( m9e1 ,:5 x is all to n\ght4 ,& aga9 ,hamlet says 7v4 #b73 ,o1 ,i die1 ,horatio2 ,! pot5t poison q o'er-cr[s my _s-- mean+1 ! poison triumphs ov] him1 z a cock ov] 8 beat5 antagoni/4 ,=m]ly1 cock-fight+ ent]$ into ! occupations ( ! old & "y4#age ,s*ools _h _! cock-fights4 ,travell]s agre$ ) coa*m5 t !y 7 to wait a night if !re 0 a cock-fight 9 any t[n ?r\gh :i* !y pass$4 ,:5 c\ntry g5tlem5 _h sat long at table1 & ! conv]sation _h turn$ ^u ! relative m]its ( _! sev]al birds1 a cock-fight (t5 result$1 z ! birds 9 "q 7 br\ght = ! purpose into ! d9+-room4 ,cock-fight+ 0 practis$ on ,%rove ,tuesday to a great ext5t1 & 9 ! "t ( ,h5ry ,,vii4 seems to h be5 practis$ )9 ! prec9cts ( c\rt4 ,! e>lie/ m5tion ( ?is pa/ime 9 ,engl& is by ,fitz/eph5s1 9 #aaia4 ,happily1 n[adays1 cock-fight+ is1 by law1 a misdemeanor1 & puni%able by p5alty4 ,"o ( ! popul> t]ms = a cock beat5 9 a fight 0 a crav51 to :i* we f9d a ref]5ce 9 ! ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7ii4 #a73 ,no cock ( m9e2 y cr[ too l a crav54 #age ,rob]ts's ,social ,hi/ory ( ,s\!rn ,c\nties ( ,engl&1 #ahef1 p4 #dba2 see ,briti% ,popul> ,cu/oms1 #ahgf1 p4 #fe4 ,we may also comp>e ! expression 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7iv4 #g73 ,he is a crav5 & a villa9 else4 ,9 ! old appeal or wag] ( battle1#agf 9 our common law1 we are told1 on ! au?ority ( ,"l ,coke1 t ! p>ty :o confess$ himself wrong1 or refus$ to fight1 0 to pron\nce ! ^w crav5t1 & judgm5t 0 at once giv5 aga9/ him4 ,s+]#agg says ! t]m may be satisfactorily trac$ f crant1 creant1 ! old ,fr5* ^w = an act ( submission4 ,x is s writt5 9 ! old metrical romance ( ,ywa9e & ,gawa9e 7,ritson1 i4 #acc73 ,or yelde ! til u als creant4 #agf ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 #ahgb1 vol4 i4 p4 #bjc4 #agg ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 #ahge1 vol4 ix4 p4 #bef2 ,halliwell-,phillipps's ,h&book ,index to ,%akespe>e1 p4 #aab4 ,& 9 ,ri*>d ,coeur de ,lion 7,web]1 ii4 #bjh73 ,on knees he fel d[n1 & cryde1 craunt4 ,x !n became cravant1 crav5t1 & at l5g? crav54 ,9 ! "t ( ,%akespe>e ! ^w cock 0 us$ z a vulg> corruption or purpos$ disguise ( ! "n ( ,god1 an in/ance ( :i* occurs 9 ,hamlet 7iv4 #e73 ,by cock1 !y are to blame4 ,?is irrev]5t alt]ation ( ! sacr$ "n is f\nd at lea/ a doz5 times#agh 9 ,heywood's ,edw>d ! ,f\r?1 :]e "o passage is1 ,h]ald4 ,swe>e on ?is booke1 ,k+ ,lewis1 s help y ,god1 ,y mean no o!rwise !n y h said4 ,k+ ,lewis4 ,s helpe me ,cock z ,i dissemble n4 #agh ,dyce's ,gloss>y to ,%akespe>e1 p4 #he4 ,we f9d1 too1 o!r allusions to ! sacr$ "n1 z 9 cock's passion1 cock's body2 z 9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7iv4 #a73 ,cock's passion1 sil5ce6 ,a n uncommon oa?1 too1 9 ,%akespe>e's "t 0 ,cock & pie--cock ref]r+ to ,god1 & pie be+ suppos$ to mean ! s]vice-book ( ! ,romi% ,*ur*2 a mean+ :i*1 says ,mr4 ,dyce1 seems mu* m probable ?an ,d\ce's#agi supposition t ?is oa? 0 connect$ ) ! mak+ ( solemn v[s by knights 9 ! days ( *ivalry1 dur+ ent]ta9m5ts at :i* a roa/$ peacock 0 s]v$ up4 ,x is us$ by ,ju/ice ,%all[ 7#b ,h5ry ,,iv41 v4 #a73 ,by cock & pye1 sir1 y %all n away to-night4 ,we may also comp>e ! expression 9 ! old play ( ,soliman & ,p]s$a 7#aeii73 ,by cock & pye & m\sefoot4 ,mr4 ,h>t+#ahj says ! ,cock & ,pye 7i4 e41 magpie7 0 an ord9>y ale-h\se sign1 & may h ?us become a subject = ! vulg> to swe> by4 #agi ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 p4 #bij4 #ahj ,orni?ology ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #aga4 ,! phrase1 ,cock-a-hoop#aha--:i* occurs 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #e71 ,y'll make a mut9y among my gue/s6 ,y w set cock-a-hoop6 y'll be ! man6 --no d\bt ref]s to a reckless p]son1 :o takes ! cock or tap out ( a cask1 & lays x on ! top or hoop ( ! b>rel1 ?us lett+ all ! cont5ts ( ! cask run out4 ,=m]ly1 a qu>t pot 0 call$ a hoop1 be+ =m$ ( /aves b\nd toge!r ) hoops l b>rels4 ,!re 7 g5]ally ?ree hoops to su* a pot2 h5ce1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iv4 #b71 "o ( ,jack ,cade's popul> re=mations 0 to increase _! numb]3 ! ?ree-hoop$ pot %all h t5 hoops2 & ,i w make x felony to dr9k small be]4 ,"s1 h[ev]1 consid] ! t]m ,cock-a-hoop#ahb ref]s to ! boa/ful cr[+ ( ! cock4 #aha ,x is also an ale-h\se sign4 #ahb ,see ,dyce's ,gloss>y to ,%akespe>e1 p4 #he4 ,9 ,k+ ,le> 7iii4 #b7 ,%akespe>e speaks ( ! cat>acts & hurricanoes z hav+ dr5*$ our /eeples1 dr[n$ ! cocks6 ,vanes on ! tops ( /eeples 7 9 days gone by made 9 ! =m ( a cock--h5ce wea!rcocks--& put up1 9 papal times1 to rem9d ! cl]gy ( wat*fulness4#ahc ,ap>t1 too1 f symbolism1 ! l>ge tail ( ! cock 0 well adapt$ to turn ) ! w9d4#ahd #ahc ,see ,book ( ,days1 #ahfc1 vol4 i4 p4 #aeg4 #ahd ,9 ,k+ ,le> 7iv4 #f71 :]e ,edg> says3 ,yond tall an*or+ b>k1 ,dim9i%'d to h] cock2 h] cock1 a buoy ,almo/ too small = sight4 ! ^w cock is an abbreviation = cock-boat4 ,cormorant4 ,! prov]bial voracity ( ?is bird#ahe gave rise to a man ( l>ge appetite be+ lik5$ to x1 a s5se 9 :i* ,%akespe>e employs ! ^w1 z 9 ,coriolanus 7i4 #a73 ! cormorant belly2 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7i4 #a73 cormorant dev\r+ ,"t2 & 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7ii4 #b73 ?is cormorant w>4 ,al?\gh1 says ,mr4 ,h>t+1#ahf ,%akespe>e m5tions ! cormorant 9 sev]al ( 8 plays1 he has n[h]e allud$ to ! sport ( us+ ^! birds1 :5 tra9$1 = fi%+2 a fact :i* is s+ul>1 s9ce he (t5 speaks ( ! !n popul> pa/ime ( hawk+1 & he did n die until "s ye>s aft] ,james ,i4 _h made fi%+ ) cormorants a fa%ionable amusem5t4 #ahe ,= sup]/itions associat$ ) ?is bird1 see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bah4 #ahf ,orni?ology ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #bfj4 ,cr[4 ,?is has f ! e>lie/ times be5 reckon$ a bird ( bad om52 & 9 ,julius ,cs> 7v4 #a71 ,cassius1 on ! eve ( battle1 pr$ict$ a defeat1 because1 to use 8 own words3 cr[s & kites ,fly o'er our heads & d[nw>d look on u1 ,z we 7 sickly prey3 _! %ad[s seem ,a canopy mo/ fatal1 "u :i* ,our army lies1 ready to give up ! gho/4 ,allusions to ! same sup]/ition occur 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7i4 #b72 ,k+ ,john 7v4 #b71 etc4 ,v]gil 7,bucolic1 i4 #ah7 m5tions ! croak+ ( ! cr[ z a bad om53 ,spe s9i/ra cava prdixit ab ilice cornix4 ,& ,butl]1 9 8 ,hudibras 7"p ii4 canto #c71 rem>ks3 ,is x n om9\s 9 all c\ntries1 ,:5 cr[s & rav5s croak ^u trees4 ,ev5 *ildr51 n[adays1 reg>d ) no fri5dly feel+s ?is bird ( ill-om52#ahg & 9 ! nor? ( ,engl& !re is a rhyme to ! foll[+ effect3 ,cr[1 cr[1 get out ( my sight1 ,or else ,i'll eat ?y liv] & lights4 #ahg ,see ,folk-,lore ,record1 #ahgi1 vol4 i4 p4 #eb2 ,h5d]son's ,folk-,lore ( ,nor!rn ,c\nties1 #ahgi1 pp4 #be1 #abf1 #bgg4 ,among o!r allusions made by ,%akespe>e to ! cr[ may be notic$ ! cr[-keep]--a p]son employ$ to drive away cr[s f ! fields4 ,at pres5t1#ahh 9 all ! midl& c\nties1 a boy set to drive away ! birds is said to keep birds2 h5ce1 a /uff$ figure1 n[ call$ a sc>ecr[1 0 also call$ a cr[-keep]1 z 9 ,k+ ,le> 7iv4 #f73 ,t fell[ h&les 8 b[ l a cr[-keep]4 #ahh ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #bjh4 ,"o ( ,tuss]'s directions = ,septemb] is3 ,no soon] a-s[+1 b out by-&-by1 ,) "m or boy t al>um c cry3 ,& let !m be arm$ ) a sl+ or a b[1 ,to sc>e away pigeon1 ! rook1 or ! cr[4 ,9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #d7 a sc>ecr[ seems meant3 ,be>+ a ,t>t>'s pa9t$ b[ ( la?1 ,sc>+ ! ladies l a cr[-keep]4 ,among fur!r ref]5ces to ?is practice is t 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #d71 :]e ,"l ,talbot relates t1 :5 a prison] 9 ,france1 he 0 publicly exhibit$ 9 ! m>ket-place3 ,"h1 said !y1 is ! t]ror ( ! ,fr5*1 ,! sc>ecr[ t affrights our *ildr5 s4#ahi #ahi ,cf4 ,h5ry ,,iv41 iv4 #b4 ,& once m1 9 ,measure = ,measure 7ii4 #a73 ,we mu/ n make a sc>ecr[ ( ! law1 ,sett+ x up to fe> ! birds ( prey1 ,& let x keep "o %ape1 till cu/om make x ,_! p]* & n _! t]ror4 ,! phrase to pluck a cr[ is to compla9 good-natur$ly1 b reproa*fully1 & to ?reat5 retaliation4#aij ,x occurs 9 ,com$y ( ,errors 7iii4 #a73 ,we'll pluck a cr[ toge!r4 ,sometimes ! ^w pull is sub/itut$ = pluck1 z 9 ,butl]'s ,hudibras 7"p ii4 canto #b73 ,if n1 resolve be=e we g ,t y & ,i mu/ pull a cr[4 #aij ,miss ,bak]'s ,nor?ampton%ire ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #afa2 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 p4 #cic4 ,! cr[ has be5 reg>d$ z ! emblem ( d>kness1 :i* has n escap$ ! notice ( ,%akespe>e1 :o1 9 ,p]icles 7iv4 introd471 speak+ ( ! :ite dove1 says3 ,) ! dove ( ,paphos might ! cr[ ,vie fea!rs :ite4#aia #aia ,cf4 ,romeo & ,juliet1 i4 #e4 ,cuckoo4 ,_m sup]/itions h clu/]$ r\nd ! cuckoo1 & bo? 9 ?is c\ntry & abroad x is look$ ^u z a my/]i\s bird1 be+ suppos$ to possess ! gift ( second-sight1 a notion ref]r$ to 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b73 ,cuckoo1 cuckoo3#aib ,o ^w ( fe>1 ,unpleas+ to a m>ri$ e>4 #aib ,a cuckold be+ call$ f ! cuckoo1 ! note ( t bird 0 suppos$ to progno/icate t de/9y4--,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #bab4 ,& aga91 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7iii4 #a71 ,bottom s+s3 ,! pla9-song cuckoo gray1 ,^: note full _m a man do? m>k1 ,& d>es n answ] nay4 ,x is /ill a common idea t ! cuckoo1 if ask$1 w tell any "o1 by ! repetition ( its cries1 h[ long he has to live4 ,! c\ntry lasses 9 ,sw$5 c\nt ! cuckoo's call to asc]ta9 h[ _m ye>s !y h to rema9 unm>ri$1 b !y g5]ally %ut _! e>s & run away on he>+ x a few times4#aic ,among ! ,g]mans ! notes ( ! cuckoo1 :5 he>d 9 spr+ = ! fir/ "t1 are consid]$ a good om54 ,cs>ius 7#abbb7 tells u ( a conv]tite :o 0 ab\t to become a monk1 b *ang$ 8 m9d on he>+ ! cuckoo's call1 & c\nt+ tw5ty-two repetitions ( x4 ,come1 said he1 ,i h c]ta9ly tw5ty-two ye>s /ill to live1 & :y %\ld ,i mortify myself dur+ all t "t8 ,i w g back to ! _w1 enjoy its delights = tw5ty ye>s1 & devote ! rema9+ two to p5it5ce4#aid ,9 ,engl& ! peasantry salute ! cuckoo ) ! foll[+ invocation3 ,cuckoo1 *]ry-tree1 ,good bird1 tell me1 ,h[ _m ye>s h ,i to live-- ! allusion to ! *]ry-tree hav+ probably orig9at$ 9 ! popul> fancy t be=e ! cuckoo ceases its song x mu/ eat ?ree good meals ( *]ries4 ,pl9y m5tions ! belief t :5 ! cuckoo came to maturity x dev\r$ ! bird :i* _h re>$ x1 a sup]/ition sev]al times allud$ to by ,%akespe>e4 ,?us1 9 ,k+ ,le> 7i4 #d71 ! ,fool rem>ks3 ,! h$ge-sp>r[ f$ ! cuckoo s long1 ,t x _h its head bit (f by its "y4 #aic ,engel's ,musical ,my?s & ,facts1 #ahgf1 vol4 i4 p4 #i4 #aid ,see ,kelly's ,indo-,european ,folk-,lore1 #ahfc1 p4 #ii2 ,engli% ,folk-,lore1 #ahgi1 pp4 #ee-fb4 ,aga91 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7v4 #a71 ,worce/] says3 ,& be+ f$ by u y us$ u s ,z t ung5tle gull1 ! cuckoo's bird1 ,use? ! sp>r[2 did oppress our ne/2 ,grew by our fe$+ to s great a bulk ,t ev5 our love dur/ n come ne> y\r sight ,= fe> ( swall[+4 ,once m1 ! op9ion t ! cuckoo made no ne/ ( its own1 b laid its eggs 9 t ( ano!r bird1 is m5tion$ 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7ii4 #f73 ,?\ do/ o'er-c\nt me ( my fa!r's h\se2 ,b1 s9ce ! cuckoo builds n = himself1 ,rema9 9't z ?\ may'/4 ,x has be5 rem>k$1#aie h[ev]1 9 ref]5ce to ! common idea t ! "y cuckoo ill-treats its fo/]-"m1 t if we wat* ! movem5ts ( ! two birds1 :5 ! y\ng] is be+ f$1 we _c mu* wond] at ?is piece ( folk-lore4 ,:5 ! cuckoo op5s its great m\?1 ! dim9utive nurse places h] own head s f> )9 its prec9cts t x has ! exact appe>ance ( a volunt>y surr5d] to decapitation4 #aie ,see ,m>y ,h[itt's ,pictorial ,cal5d> ( ! ,seasons1 p4 #aee2 ,knight's ,pictorial ,%akespe>e1 vol4 i4 pp4 #bbe1 #bbf4 ,! notion#aif :i* c\ples ! "n ( ! cuckoo ) ! "* ( ! man ^: wife is unfai?ful to him appe>s to h be5 d]iv$ f ! ,romans1 & is fir/ f\nd 9 ! ,middle ,ages 9 ,france1 & 9 ! c\ntries ( :i* ! mod]n language is d]iv$ f ! ,lat94 ,b ! anci5ts m correctly gave ! "n ( ! bird1 n to ! husb& ( ! fai?less wife1 b to h] p>am\r1 :o might ju/ly be suppos$ to be act+ ! "p ( ! cuckoo4 ,!y appli$ ! "n ( ! bird 9 ^: ne/ ! cuckoo's eggs 7 usually deposit$--'c>ruca'--to ! husb&4 ,x is n q cle> h[1 9 ! passage f classic to m$ival1 ! application ( ! t]m 0 transf]r$ to ! husb&4 ,9 fur!r allusion to ?is bird1 we may quote ! foll[+ f ,all's ,well ,t ,ends ,well 7i4 #c73 ,= ,i ! ballad w repeat1 ,:i* m5 full true %all f9d1 ,y\r m>riage comes by de/9y1 ,y\r cuckoo s+s by k9d4 #aif ,*amb]s's ,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #eca4 ,! cuckoo has g5]ally be5 reg>d$ z ! h>b+] ( spr+1 &1 accord+ to a ,gl\ce/] rhyme3 ,! cuckoo comes 9 ,april1 ,s+s a song 9 ,may2 ,!n 9 ,june ano!r tune1 ,& !n %e flies away4 ,?us1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #b71 ! k+1 allud+ to 8 pr$ecessor1 says3 ,s1 :5 he _h occasion to be se51 ,he 0 b z ! cuckoo is 9 ,june1 ,he>d1 n reg>d$4 ,9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b7 spr+ is ma9ta9$ by ! cuckoo1 9 ^? *>m+ sonnets descriptive ( ! beauties ( ! c\ntry at ?is season4 ,! ^w cuckoo has1 f ! e>lie/ times1 be5 us$ z a t]m ( reproa*2#aig & ,plautus#aih has introduc$ x on m ?an "o occasion4 ,9 ?is s5se we f9d x quot$ by ,%akespe>e 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d73 ,o' horseback1 ye cuckoo4 ,! t]m cuckold1 too1 :i* s frequ5tly occurs ?r\gh\t ,%akespe>e's plays1 is g5]ally d]iv$ f cuculus1#aii f ! practice already allud$ to ( deposit+ its eggs 9 o!r birds' ne/s4 #aig ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bja4 #aih ,as9>ia1 v4 #a4 #aii ,n>es1 9 8 ,gloss>y 7vol4 i4 p4 #bab71 says3 ,cuckold1 p]haps1 quasi cuckoo'd1 i4 e41 "o s]v$2 i4 e41 =c$ to br+ up a brood t is n 8 own4 ,dome/ic ,f[l4 ,9 ,! ,tempe/ 7v4 #a71 ! ^w *ick is us$ z a t]m ( ende>m5t3 ,my ,ariel2 *ick1 etc42 & 9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #c7 ,macduff speaks ( 8 *ildr5 z all my pretty *ick5s4 ,9 ,coriolanus 7v4 #c71 h5 is appli$ to a woman3 poor h51 fond ( no second brood2 & 9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7ii4 #a71 ,petru*io says3 s ,kate w be my h52 &1 once m1 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #c71 ,fal/aff says1 ,h[ n[1 ,dame ,p>tlet ! h58 ,9 ,o!llo 7i4 #c7 ,iago applies ! t]m gu9ea-h5 to ,desdemona1 a cant phrase 9 ,%akespe>e's day = a fa/ woman4 ,dove4 ,among ! _m beautiful allusions to ?is bird we may m5tion "o 9 ,hamlet 7v4 #a71 :]e ,%akespe>e speaks ( ! dove only lay+ two eggs3#bjj z pati5t z ! female dove ,:5 t h] gold5 c\plets are disclos$4 #bjj ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 #ahge1 vol4 ix4 p4 #bid4 ,! "y ne/l+s1 :5 fir/ disclos$1 are only cov]$ ) a yell[ d[n1 & ! "m r>ely leaves ! ne/1 9 consequ5ce ( ! t5d]ness ( h] "y2 h5ce ! dove has be5 made an emblem ( pati5ce4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iv4 #a71 x is spok5 ( z ! symbol ( peace3 ,! dove & v bless$ _s ( peace4 ,its love1 too1 is sev]al times ref]r$ to1 z 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7ii4 #a71 ,pron\nce b--love & dove2 & 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7ii4 #b71 ,burgundy says3 ,l to a pair ( lov+ turtle-doves1 ,t c\ld n live asund]1 day or night4 ,?is bird has also be5 reg>d$ z ! emblem ( fidelity1 z 9 ! foll[+ graphic passage 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7iii4 #b73 ,z true z /eel1 z plantage to ! moon1 ,z sun to day1 z turtle to h] mate1 ,z iron to adamant1 z e>? to ! c5tre2 & 9 ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #d7 we read3 turtles pair1 ,t nev] mean to "p4 ,its mode/y is allud$ to 9 ! ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7ii4 #a73 mode/ z ! dove2 & its innoc5ce 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #a7 is m5tion$1 :]e ,k+ ,h5ry says3 ,our k9sman ,glo/] is z innoc5t ,f mean+ treason to our royal p]son ,z is ! suck+ lamb or h>mless dove3 ,! duke is virtu\s1 mild & too well giv5 ,to dream on evil1 or to "w my d[nfall4 ,! cu/om ( giv+ a pair ( doves or pigeons z a pres5t or peace-(f]+ is allud$ to 9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7iv4 #d71 :]e ! cl[n says1 ,god & ,sa9t ,/eph5 give y good d53 ,i h br\ght y a lett] & a c\ple ( pigeons "h2 & :5 ,gobbo tri$ to f9d favor ) ,bassanio1 9 ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7ii4 #b71 he began by say+1 ,i h "h a di% ( doves1 t ,i w\ld be/[ ^u y\r wor%ip4 ,%akespe>e alludes 9 sev]al places to ! doves ( ,v5us1 z 9 ,v5us & ,adonis3 ,?us we>y ( ! _w1 away %e ,v5us hies1 ,& yokes h] silv] doves2 by ^: swift aid ,_! mi/ress1 m\nt$1 ?r\gh ! empty skies ,9 h] light *>iot quickly is convey$2 ,hold+ _! c\rse to ,paphos1 :]e _! que5 ,means to immure h]self & n be se52 & 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7i4 #a71 :]e ,h]mia speaks ( ! simplicity ( ,v5us' doves4 ,?is w also expla91 says ,mr4 ,h>t+1#bja ! ref]5ce to ! dove ( ,paphos1 9 ,p]icles 7iv4 ,introd474 ,! t[ns ( ,old & ,new ,paphos are situat$ on ! s\?we/ extremity ( ! coa/ ( ,cyprus4 ,old ,paphos is ! "o g5]ally ref]r$ to by ! poets1 be+ ! peculi> seat ( ! wor%ip ( ,v5us1 :o 0 fabl$ to h be5 waft$ ?i!r aft] h] bir? amid ! waves4 ,! dove ( ,paphos may !re=e be consid]$ z synonym\s ) ! dove ( ,v5us4 #bja ,orni?ology ( ,%akespe>e1 pp4 #aij1 #aia4 ,mahomet1 we are told1 _h a dove1 :i* he us$ to fe$ ) :eat out ( 8 e>2 :5 hungry1 ! dove light$ on 8 %\ld]1 & ?ru/ its bill 9 to f9d its breakfa/1 ,mahomet p]suad+ ! rude & simple ,arabians t x 0 ! ,holy ,gho/1 t gave him advice4#bjb ,h5ce1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #b71 ! "q is ask$3 ,0 ,mahomet inspir$ ) a dove8 #bjb ,sir ,w4 ,raleigh's ,hi/ory ( ! ,_w1 bk4 i4 pt4 i4 *4 #f4 ,duck4 ,a b>b>\s pa/ime 9 ,%akespe>e's "t 0 hunt+ a tame duck 9 ! wat] ) spaniels4 ,= ! p]=mance ( ?is amusem5t#bjc x 0 necess>y to h rec\rse to a pond ( wat] suffici5tly ext5sive to give ! duck pl5ty ( room = mak+ its escape f ! dogs :5 closely pursu$1 :i* x did by div+ z (t5 z any ( !m came ne> x1 h5ce ! foll[+ allusion 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7ii4 #c73 ,& hold-fa/ is ! only dog1 my duck4#bjd #bjc ,/rutt's ,sports & ,pa/imes1 #ahgf1 p4 #cbi4 #bjd ,!re is an allusion to ! prov]bial say+1 ,brag is a good dog1 b ,hold-fa/ is a bett]4 ,to swim l a duck is a common prov]b1 :i* occurs 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7ii4 #b71 :]e ,tr9culo1 9 reply to ,/ephano's "q h[ he escap$1 says3 ,swam a%ore1 man1 l a duck2 ,i c swim l a duck1 ,i'll be sworn4 ,eagle4 ,f ! e>lie/ "t ?is bird has be5 associat$ ) num]\s popul> fancies & sup]/itions1 _m ( :i* h n escap$ ! notice ( ,%akespe>e4 ,a notion ( v great antiquity attributes to x ! p[] ( gaz+ at ! sun undazzl$1 to :i* ,sp5s]1 9 8 ,hymn ( ,heav5ly ,beauty ref]s3 ,& l ! native brood ( eagle's k9d1 ,on t bright sun ( glory fix ?9e eyes4 ,9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7iv4 #c7 ,biron says ( ,rosal9e3 ,:at p]emptory eagle-sight$ eye ,d>es look ^u ! heav5 ( h] br[1 ,t is n bl9d$ by h] maje/y8#bje #bje ,9 ! same sc5e we are told1 ,a lov]'s eyes w gaze an eagle bl9d4 ,cf4 ,romeo & ,juliet1 iii4 #e2 ,ri*>d ,,ii41 iii4 #c4 ,& 9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7ii4 #a7 ,ri*>d says to 8 bro!r ,edw>d3 ,nay1 if ?\ be t pr9cely eagle's bird1 ,%[ ?y desc5t by gaz+ 'ga9/ ! sun4 ,! ,fr5* naturali/1 ,lacep$e1#bjf has calculat$ t ! cle>ness ( vision 9 birds is n9e times m ext5sive ?an t ( ! f>!/-sight$ man4 ,! eagle1 too1 has always be5 prov]bial = its great p[] ( flight1 & on ?is acc\nt has _h assign$ to x ! sov]eignty ( ! fea!r$ race4 ,ari/otle & ,pl9y bo? record ! leg5d ( ! wr5 disput+ = ! cr[n1 a tradition :i* is /ill f\nd 9 ,irel&3#bjg ,! birds all met toge!r "o day1 & settl$ among !mselves t :i*ev] ( !m c\ld fly highe/ 0 to be ! k+ ( !m all4 ,well1 j z !y 7 />t+1 ! little rogue ( a wr5 p]*$ itself on ! eagle's tail4 ,s !y flew & flew ev] s high1 till ! eagle 0 miles above all ! re/1 & c\ld n fly ano!r /roke1 = he 0 s tir$4 ,!n says he1 ',i'm ! k+ ( ! birds1' says he2 'hurroo6' ',y lie1' says ! wr51 d>t+ up a p]* & a half above ! big fell[4 ,! eagle 0 s angry to ?9k h[ he 0 outwitt$ by ! wr51 t :5 ! latt] 0 com+ d[n he gave him a /roke ( 8 w+1 & f t day ! wr5 has nev] be5 able to fly high] ?an a haw?orn bu%4 ,! swiftness ( ! eagle's flight is spok5 ( 9 ,timon ( ,a!ns1 7i4 #a73 an eagle flight1 bold1 & =? on1 ,leav+ no tract beh9d4#bjh #bjf ,quot$ by ,h>t+1 9 ,orni?ology ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #bd4 #bjg ,kelly's ,indo-,european ,folk-,lore1 pp4 #ge1 #gi4 #bjh ,cf4 ,antony & ,cleopatra1 ii4 #b3 ,?is 0 b z a fly by an eagle4 ,! great age1 too1 ( ! eagle is well kn[n2 & ! words ( ! ,psalmi/ are famili> to mo/ read]s3 ,8 y\? %all be r5ew$ l ! eagle's4 ,apemantus1 h[ev]1 asks ( ,timon 7,timon ( ,a!ns1 iv4 #c73 w ^! moss'd trees1 ,t h outliv$ ! eagle1 page ?y heels1 ,& skip :5 ?\ po9t'/ out8 ,turb]vile1 9 8 ,booke ( ,falconrie1 #aege1 says t ! great age ( ?is bird has be5 asc]ta9$ f ! circum/ance ( its always build+ its eyrie or ne/ 9 ! same place4 ,! ,romans consid]$ ! eagle a bird ( good om51 & its pres5ce 9 "t ( battle 0 suppos$ to =etell victory4 ,?us1 9 ,julius ,cs> 7v4 #a7 we read3 ,com+ f ,s>dis1 on our =m] ensign ,two mighty eagles fell2 & !re !y p]*'d1 ,gorg+ & fe$+ f our soldi]s' h&s4 ,x 0 select$ = ! ,roman legion>y /&>d1#bji ?r\gh be+ ! k+ & mo/ p[]ful ( all birds4 ,z a bird ( good om5 x is m5tion$ also 9 ,cymbel9e 7i4 #a73 ,i *ose an eagle1 ,& did avoid a puttock2 & 9 ano!r sc5e 7iv4 #b7 ! ,soo?say] relates h[ ,la/ night ! v gods %['d me a vision1 444 ?us3-- ,i saw ,jove's bird1 ! ,roman eagle1 w+'d ,f ! spungy s\? to ?is "p ( ! we/1 ,!re vani%'d 9 ! sunbeams3 :i* port5ds 7,unless my s9s abuse my div9ation71 ,success to ! ,roman ho/4 #bji ,josephus1 ,de ,bello ,judico1 iii4 #e4 ,! consci\s sup]iority#baj ( ! eagle is depict$ by ,tamora 9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7iv4 #d73 ,! eagle suff]s little birds to s+1 ,& is n c>eful :at !y mean !reby1 ,kn[+ t ) ! %ad[ ( 8 w+1 ,he c at pleasure /9t _! melody4 #baj ,h>t+'s ,orni?ology ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #cc4 ,goose4 ,?is bird 0 ! subject#baa ( _m qua9t prov]bial phrases (t5 us$ 9 ! old popul> writ]s4 ,?us1 a tailor's goose 0 a jocul> "n = 8 press+-iron1 probably f its be+ (t5 roa/+ be=e ! fire1 an allusion to :i* occurs 9 ,macbe? 7ii4 #c73 come 91 tailor2 "h y may roa/ y\r goose4 ,! wild-goose *ase1 :i* is m5tion$ 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7ii4 #d7--,nay1 if ?y wits run ! wild-goose *ase1 ,i h done--0 a k9d ( horse-race1 :i* resembl$ ! flight ( wild geese4 ,two horses 7 />t$ toge!r1 & :i*ev] rid] c\ld get ! lead1 ! o!r 0 oblig$ to foll[ him ov] :atev] gr\nd ! =emo/ jockey *ose to g4 ,t horse :i* c\ld di/ance ! o!r won ! race4 ,?is reckless sport is m5tion$ by ,burton1 9 8 ,anatomy ( ,melan*oly1 z a recreation mu* 9 vogue 9 8 "t among g5tlem54 ,! t]m ,w9*e/] goose 0 a cant phrase = a c]ta9 v5]eal disease1 because ! /ews 9 ,s\?w>k 7 "u ! jurisdiction ( ! ,bi%op ( ,w9*e/]1 to :om ,glo/] taunt+ly applies ! t]m 9 ! foll[+ passage 7#a ,h5ry ,,vi41 i4 #c73 ,w9*e/] goose6 ,i cry--a rope6 a rope6 #baa ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #cgh4 ,9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7v4 #aj7 !re is a fur!r allusion3 ,"s gall$ goose ( ,w9*e/] w\ld hiss4 ,b5 ,jonson#bab calls x3 ! ,w9*e/rian goose1 ,br$ on ! banke 9 "t ( ,pop]y1 ,:5 ,v5us !re ma9ta9'd ! my/]y4 #bab ,execration aga9/ ,vulcan1 #afdj1 p4 #cg4 ,pluck+ geese 0 =m]ly a b>b>\s sport ( boys 7,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor1 v4 #a71 :i* consi/$ 9 /ripp+ a liv+ goose ( its fea!rs4#bac #bac ,s+]'s ,notes1 #ahge1 vol4 i4 p4 #bhc4 ,9 ,coriolanus 7i4 #d71 ! goose is spok5 ( z ! emblem ( c[>dice4 ,m>cius says3 ,y s\ls ( geese1 ,t be> ! %apes ( m51 h[ h y run ,f slaves t apes w\ld beat6 ,goldf9*4 ,! ,w>wick%ire "n#bad = ?is bird is ,pr\d ,tailor1 to :i*1 "s comm5tators ?9k1 ! words 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #a7 ref]3 ,lady ,p4 ,i w n s+4 ,hotsp4 ',tis ! next way to turn tailor1 or be r$-brea/ tea*]4 #bad ,see ,ar*ologia1 vol4 iii4 p4 #cc4 ,x has1 !re=e1 be5 sugge/$ t ! passage %\ld be read ?us3 ',tis ! next way to turn tailor1 or r$-brea/ tea*]1 i4 e41 to turn tea*] ( goldf9*es or r$brea/s4#bae ,s+]1#baf h[ev]1 expla9s ! words ?us3 ,tailors1 l weav]s1 h ev] be5 rem>kable = _! vocal skill4 ,p]cy is jocul> 9 8 mode ( p]suad+ 8 wife to s+2 & ?is is a humor\s turn :i* he gives to 8 argum5t1 ',come1 s+4' ',i w n s+4' '',tis ! next i4 e41 ! readie/1 ne>e/ way to turn tailor1 or r$brea/ tea*]'--! mean+ be+1 to s+ is to put y\rself ^u a level ) tailors & tea*]s ( birds4 #bae ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #fic4 ,"s ?9k t ! bullf9* is meant4 #baf ,s+]'s ,notes1 #ahge1 vol4 v4 p4 #hb2 see ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #dcc4 ,gull4 ,%akespe>e (t5 uses ?is ^w z synonym\s ) fool4 ,?us 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7iii4 #f7 he says3 ,:y1 'tis a gull1 a fool4 ,! same play ^u ! ^w occurs 9 ,o!llo 7v4 #b71 & 9 ,timon ( ,a!ns 7ii4 #a74 ,9 ,twelf? ,night 7v4 #a7 ,malvolio asks3 ,:y h y suff]'d me to be imprison'd1 ,kept 9 a d>k h\se1 visit$ by ! prie/1 ,& made ! mo/ notori\s geck & gull ,t e'er inv5tion play$ on8 tell me :y4 ,x is also us$ to express a trick or imposition1 z 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7ii4 #c73 ,i %\ld ?9k ?is a gull1 b t ! :ite-be>d$ fell[ speaks x4#bag ,gull-cat*]s1 or gull-grop]s1 to :i* ref]5ce is made 9 ,twelf? ,night 7ii4 #e71 :]e ,fabian1 on ! entry ( ,m>ia1 exclaims3 ,"h comes my noble gull-cat*]1 7 ! names by :i* %>p]s#bah 7 kn[n 9 ,%akespe>e's "t4#bai ,! gull-cat*] 0 g5]ally an old usur]1 :o l5t money to a gallant at an ord9>y1 :o _h be5 un=tunate 9 play4#bbj ,deck] devotes a *apt] to ?is "* 9 8 ,lan?orne & ,c&le-light1 #afab4 ,accord+ to him1 ! gull-grop] is commonly an old mony-mong]1 :o hav+ travail$ ?r\gh all ! follyes ( ! _w 9 8 y\?1 kn[es !m well1 & %unnes !m 9 8 age1 8 :ole felicitie be+ to fill 8 bags ) golde & silv]4 ,! p]son s dup$ 0 t]m$ a gull1 & ! trick also4 ,9 t disput$ passage 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7ii4 #b71 :]e ,caliban1 address+ ,tr9culo1 says3 sometimes ,i'll get !e ,"y scamels f ! rock4 "s ?9k t ! sea-mew1 or sea-gull1 is int5d$1#bba sea-mall1 or sea-mell1 be+ /ill a prov9cial "n = ?is bird4 ,mr4 ,/ev5son1 9 8 ,birds ( ,norfolk 7vol4 ii4 p4 #bfj71 tells u t ! female b>-tail$ godwit is call$ a 'scammell' by ! gunn]s ( ,blak5ey4 ,b z ?is bird is n a rock-bre$]1#bbb x _c be ! "o int5d$ 9 ! pres5t passage1 if we reg>d x z an accurate description f a naturali/'s po9t ( view4 ,holt says t scam is a limpet1 & scamell probably a dim9utive4 ,mr4 ,dyce#bbc reads scamels1 i4 e41 ! ke/rel1 /annel1 or w9dhov]1 :i* bre$s 9 rocky situations & high cliffs on our coa/s4 ,he also fur!r obs]ves t ?is accords well ) ! context f ! rock1 & adds t /aniel or /annyel occurs 9 ,twelf? ,night 7ii4 #e71 :]e all ! old editions exhibit ! gross mispr9t /allion4 #bag ,"s d\bt exi/s z to ! d]ivation ( gull4 ,n>es says x is f ! old ,fr5* guill]4 ,tooke holds t gull1 guile1 wile1 & guilt are all f ! ,anglo-,saxon wiglian1 gewiglian1 t by :i* any "o is deceiv$4 ,h>t+'s ,orni?ology ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #bfg4 #bah ,see ,d',israeli's ,curiosities ( ,lit]ature1 vol4 iii4 p4 #hd4 #bai ,see ,?ornbury's ,%akespe>e's ,engl&1 vol4 i4 pp4 #caa-cbb4 #bbj ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #cid4 #bba ,h>t+'s ,orni?ology ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #bfi4 #bbb ,aldis ,wright's ,notes to ',! ,tempe/'1 #ahge1 pp4 #abj1 #aba4 #bbc ,see ,dyce's ,%akespe>e1 vol4 i4 p4 #bde4 ,hawk4 ,! div]sion ( cat*+ game ) hawks 0 v popul> 9 ,%akespe>e's "t1#bbd & h5ce1 z might be expect$1 we f9d _m scatt]$ allusions to x ?r\gh\t 8 plays4 ,! tra9+ ( a hawk = ! field 0 an ess5tial "p ( ! education ( a "y ,saxon nobleman2 & ! pres5t ( a well-tra9$ hawk 0 a gift to be welcom$ by a k+4 ,edw>d ! ,confessor sp5t mu* ( 8 leisure "t 9 ei!r hunt+ or hawk+2 & 9 ! reign ( ,edw>d ,,iii4 we read h[ ! ,bi%op ( ,ely att5d$ ! s]vice ( ! *ur* at ,b]mondsey1 ,s\?w>k1 leav+ 8 hawk 9 ! cloi/]1 :i* 9 ! meantime 0 /ol5--! bi%op solemnly excommunicat+ ! ?ieves4 ,on "o occasion ,h5ry ,,viii4 met ) a s]i\s accid5t :5 pursu+ 8 hawk at ,hit*91 9 ,h]t=d%ire4 ,9 jump+ ov] a dit* 8 pole broke1 & he fell headlong into ! muddy wat]1 :5ce he 0 ) "s difficulty rescu$ by "o ( 8 foll[]s4 ,sir ,?omas ,m1 writ+ 9 ! reign ( ,h5ry ,,viii41 describ+ ! /ate ( manhood1 makes a "y man say3 ,man-hod ,i am1 !re=e ,i me delyght ,to hunt & hawke1 to n\ri% up & f$e ,! greyh\nde to ! c\rse1 ! hawke to ?' flight1 ,& to be/ryde a good & lu/y /$e4 #bbd ,see ,/rutt's ,sports & ,pa/imes1 #ahgf1 pp4 #fj-ig1 & ,book ( ,days1 #ahfc1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #baa-bac2 ,smi?'s ,fe/ivals1 ,games1 & ,amusem5ts1 #ahca1 p4 #agd4 ,9 notic+1 !n1 ,%akespe>e's allusions to ?is sport1 we h a good insight into its v>i\s features1 & also ga9 a k ( ! sev]al t]ms associat$ ) x4 ,?us frequ5t m5tion is made ( ! ^w hagg>d--a wild1 untra9$ hawk--& 9 ! foll[+ allegory 7,tam+ ( ! ,%rew1 iv4 #a71 :]e x occurs1 mu* ( ! k ( falconry is compris$3 ,my falcon n[ is %>p1 & pass+ empty2 ,&1 till %e /oop1 %e mu/ n be full-gorg$1#bbe ,= !n %e nev] looks ^u h] lure4 ,ano!r way ,i h to man my hagg>d1 ,to make h] come1 & "k h] keep]'s call2 ,t is1 to wat* h]1 z we wat* ^! kites ,t bate1 & beat1 & w n be ob$i5t4 ,%e eat no meat to-day1 nor none %all eat2 ,la/ night %e slept n1 nor to-night %e %all n4#bbf #bbe ,a hawk full-f$ 0 untractable1 & refus$ ! lure--! lure be+ a ?+ /uff$ to look l ! game ! hawk 0 to pursue2 its lure 0 to tempt him back aft] he _h fl[n4 #bbf ,9 ! same play 7iv4 #b7 ,hort5sio describes ,bianca z ?is pr\d disda9ful hagg>d4 ,see ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #aig2 ,cotgrave's ,fr5* & ,engli% ,diction>y1 sub4 ,hag>d2 & ,la?am's ,falconry1 etc41 #afeh4 ,fur!r allusions occur 9 ,twelf? ,night 7iii4 #a71 :]e ,viola says ( ! ,cl[n3 ,?is fell[ is wise en\gh to play ! fool2 ,& to d t well craves a k9d ( wit3 ,he mu/ obs]ve _! mood on :om he je/s1 ,! quality ( p]sons1 & ! "t2 ,&1 l ! hagg>d1 *eck at e fea!r ,t comes be=e 8 eye4 ,9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7iii4 #a71 ,h]o1 speak+ ( ,beatrice1 says t3 h] spirits are z coy & wild ,z hagg>ds ( ! rock4 ,& ,o!llo 7iii4 #c71 mi/ru/+ ,desdemona1 & lik5+ h] to a hawk1 exclaims3 if ,i d prove h] hagg>d1-- ,i'd :i/le h] (f4#bbg #bbg ,to :i/le (f1 or dismiss by a :i/le2 a hawk seems to h be5 usually s5t (f 9 ?is way aga9/ ! w9d :5 s5t 9 pursuit ( prey4 ,! ^w *eck allud$ to above 0 a t]m 9 falconry appli$ to a hawk :5 %e =sook h] prop] game & foll[$ "s o!r ( inf]ior k9d t cross$ h] 9 h] flight#bbh--;be+ m5tion$ aga9 9 ,hamlet 7iv4 #g71 :]e ! k+ says3 ,if he be n[ return'd ,z *eck+ at 8 voyage4#bbi #bbh ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #gg2 see ,twelf? ,night1 ii4 #e4 #bbi ,! use ( ! ^w is n q ! same "h1 because ! voyage 0 ,hamlet's prop] game1 :i* he ab&ons4 ,notes to ,hamlet1 ,cl>k & ,wright1 #ahgf1 p4 #bje4 ,ano!r common expression us$ 9 falconry is t[]1 appli$ to c]ta9 hawks1 etc41 :i* t[] al(t1 so> spirally to a height 9 ! air1 & !nce swoop ^u _! prey4 ,9 ,macbe? 7ii4 #d7 we read ( ,a falcon1 t[]+ 9 h] pride ( place2 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7ii4 #a7 ,suffolk says1 ,my "l protector's hawks d t[] s well2 & 9 ,k+ ,john 7v4 #b7 ! ,ba/>d says1 ,& l an eagle o'er 8 a]y#bcj t[]s4 #bcj ,see ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #def2 ,h>t+'s ,orni?ology ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #ci2 ,tub]ville's ,booke ( ,falconrie1 #afaa1 p4 #ec4 ,! ^w qu>ry1 :i* occurs sev]al times 9 ,%akespe>e's plays1 9 "s in/ances means ! game or prey s\ght4 ,! etymology has1 says ,n>es1 be5 v>i\sly attempt$1 b ) little success4 ,x may1 p]haps1 orig9ally h meant ! squ>e1 or enclosure 7c>re71 into :i* ! game 0 driv5 7z is /ill practis$ 9 o!r c\ntries71 & h5ce ! application ( x to ! game !re caught w\ld be a natural ext5sion ( ! t]m4 ,r&le ,holme1 9 8 ,academy ( ,armory 7book ii4 c4 xi4 p4 #bdj71 def9es x z ! f[l :i* ! hawk flye? at1 :e!r dead or alive4 ,x 0 also equival5t to a heap ( slaught]$ game1 z 9 ! foll[+ passages4 ,9 ,coriolanus 7i4 #a71 ,caius ,m>cius says3 ,i'd make a qu>ry ,) ?\s&s ( ^! qu>t]'d slaves4 ,9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #c7bca we read ! qu>ry ( ^! murd]'d de]2 & 9 ,hamlet 7v4 #b71 ,?is qu>ry cries on havock4 #bca ,also 9 i4 #b we read3 ,& =tune1 on 8 damn$ qu>rel smil+1 ,%['d l a rebel's :ore4 ,"s read qu>ry2 see ,notes to ,macbe?4 ,cl>k & ,wright1 p4 #gg4 ,x d5otes ! squ>e-head$ bolt ( a cross-b[2 see ,d\ce's ,illu/rations1 #ahci1 p4 #bbg2 ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bjf4 ,ano!r t]m 9 falconry is /oop1 or swoop1 d5ot+ ! hawk's viol5t desc5t f a height ^u its prey4 ,9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7iv4 #a7 ! expression occurs1 till %e /oop1 %e mu/ n be full-gorg$4 ,9 ,h5ry ,v4 7iv4 #a71 ,k+ ,h5ry1 speak+ ( ! k+1 says1 ?\gh 8 affections are high] m\nt$ ?an ours1 yet1 :5 !y /oop1 !y /oop ) ! l w+4 ,9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #c71 too1 ,macduff1 ref]r+ to ! cruel murd] ( 8 *ildr51 exclaims1 ,:at6 444 at "o fell swoop8#bcb ,web/]1 9 ! ,:ite ,devil1#bcc says3 ,if %e i4 e41 ,=tune give aught1 %e deals x 9 small p>cels1 ,t %e may take away all at "o swoop4 #bcb ,see ,sp5s]'s ,fairy ,que51 book i4 canto xi4 l4 #ah3 ,l[ /oop+ ) unwieldy sway4 #bcc ,ed4 ,dyce1 #aheg1 p4 #e4 ,%akespe>e gives _m incid5tal allusions to ! hawk's trapp+s4 ,?us1 9 ,lucrece he says3 ,h>mless ,lucretia1 m>k+ :at he tells ,) trembl+ fe>1 z f[l he> falcon's bells4 ,& 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7iii4 #c71bcd ,t\*/one says1 ,z ! ox ha? 8 b[1 sir1 ! horse 8 curb1 & ! falcon h] bells1 s man ha? 8 desires4 ,! object ( ^! bells 0 to lead ! falcon] to ! hawk :5 9 a wood or out ( sight4 ,9 ,heywood's play entitl$ ,a ,woman ,kill$ ) ,k9dness1 #afag1 is a hawk+ sc5e1 conta9+ a /rik+ allusion to ! hawk's bells4 ,! dress ( ! hawk consi/$ ( a close-fitt+ hood ( lea!r or velvet1 enri*$ ) ne$lework1 & surm\nt$ ) a tuft ( color$ fea!rs1 = use z well z ornam5t1 inasmu* z !y assi/$ ! h& 9 remov+ ! hood :5 ! birds = ! hawk's attack came 9 sight4 ,?us 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7iii4 #g71 ! ,con/able ( ,france1 ref]r+ to ! valor ( ! ,dauph91 says1 ',tis a hood$ val\r2 & :5 x appe>s1 x w bate4#bce ,& aga91 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iii4 #b71 ,juliet says3 ,hood my unmann'd#bcf blood1 bat+ 9 my *eeks4 #bcd ,see #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 i4 #a4 #bce ,a quibble is p]haps int5d$ betwe5 bate1 ! t]m ( falconry1 & abate1 i4 e41 fall (f1 dw9dle4 ,bate is a t]m 9 falconry1 to flutt] ! w+s z prep>+ = flight1 p>ticul>ly at ! sight ( prey4 ,9 '#a ,h5ry ,,iv4' 7iv4 #a73 ',all plum$ l e/ridges1 t ) ! w9d ,bat$1 l eagles hav+ lately ba!d4' --,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #fj4 #bcf ,unmann'd 0 appli$ to a hawk n tam$4 ,! jesses 7 two %ort /raps ( lea!r or silk1 :i* 7 fa/5$ to ea* leg ( a hawk1 to :i* 0 atta*$ a swivel1 f :i* dep5d$ ! lea% or /rap :i* ! falcon]#bcg twi/$ r\nd 8 h&4 ,o!llo 7iii4 #c7 says3 ,?\gh t h] jesses 7 my de> he>t-/r+s4 #bcg ,see ,s+]'s ,notes to ,%akespe>e1 #ahge1 vol4 x4 p4 #hf2 ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #ddh4 ,we f9d sev]al allusions to ! tra9+ ( hawks4#bch ,!y 7 usually tra9$ by be+ kept f sleep1 x hav+ be5 cu/om>y = ! falcon]s to sit up by turns & wat* ! hawk1 & keep x f sleep+1 sometimes = ?ree successive nights4 ,desdemona1 9 ,o!llo 7iii4 #c71 says3 my "l %all nev] re/2 ,i'll wat* him tame & talk him out ( pati5ce2 ,8 b$ %all seem a s*ool1 8 bo>d a %rift2 ,i'll int]m+le ev]y?+ he does ,) ,cassio's suit4 #bch ,see passage 9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew1 iv4 #a1 already ref]r$ to1 p4 #abb4 ,s1 9 ,c>twright's ,lady ,errant 7ii4 #b73 ,we'll keep y z !y d hawks1 ,wat*+ until y leave y\r wildness4 ,9 ,! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7v4 #e71 :]e ,page says1 ,nay1 d n fly3 ,i ?9k we h wat*'d y n[1 ! allusion is1 says ,/aunton1 to ?is me?od employ$ to tame or reclaim hawks4 ,aga91 9 ,o!llo 7iii4 #c71bci ,iago exclaims3 ,%e t1 s "y1 c\ld give out su* a seem+1 ,to seel h] fa!r's eyes up close z oak2 9 allusion to ! practice ( seel+ a hawk1 or sew+ up h] eyelids1 by runn+ a f9e ?read ?r\gh !m1 9 ord] to make h] tractable & endure ! hood ( :i* we h already spok54#bdj ,k+ ,h5ry 7#b ,h5ry ,,iv4 iii4 #a71 9 8 soliloquy on sleep1 says3 ,wilt ?\ ^u ! high & giddy ma/ ,seal up ! %ip-boy's eyes1 & rock 8 bra9s ,9 cradle ( ! rude imp]i\s surge4 #bci ,also 9 same play1 i4 #c4 #bdj ,turb]vile1 9 8 ,booke ( ,falconrie1 #aege1 gives "s curi\s directions z h[ to seele a hawke2 we may comp>e simil> expressions 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra1 iii4 #ac2 v4 #b4 ,9 ,sp5s]'s ,fairy ,que5 7,i4 vii4 #bc71 we read3 ,m9e eyes no m on vanity %all fe$1 ,b seal$ up ) dea?1 %all h _! deadly me$4 ,x 0 a common notion t if a dove 0 let loose ) its eyes s clos$ x w\ld fly /raight upw>ds1 cont9u+ to m\nt till x fell d[n ?r\gh m]e exhau/ion4#bda #bda ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #ggg1 #ggh2 cf4 ,beaumont & ,flet*]1 ,phila/]1 v4 #a4 ,9 ,cymbel9e 7iii4 #d71 ,imog51 ref]r+ to ,po/humus1 says3 ,i grieve myself ,to ?9k1 :5 ?\ %alt be dis$g$ by h] ,t n[ ?\ tir'/ on1-- ?is passage conta9+ two metaphorical expressions f falconry4 ,a bird 0 said to be dis$g$ :5 ! ke5ness ( its appetite 0 tak5 away by tir+1 or fe$+ ^u "s t\gh or h>d sub/ance giv5 to x = t purpose4 ,9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #a71 ! k+ says3 t hateful duke1 ,^: haughty _s1 w+$ ) desire1 ,w co/ my cr[n1 & l an empty eagle ,tire on ! fle% ( me & ( my son4 ,9 ,timon ( ,a!ns 7iii4 #f71 "o ( ! lords says3 ,^u t 7 my ?\ghts tir+1 :5 we enc\nt]$4 ,9 ,v5us & ,adonis1 too1 we f9d a fur!r allusion3 ,ev5 z an empty eagle1 %>p by fa/1 ,tires ) h] beak on fea!rs1 fle%1 & bone1 etc4 ,among o!r allusions to ! hawk may be m5tion$ "o 9 ,measure = ,measure 7iii4 #a73 ,?is outw>d-sa9t$ deputy1 ,^: settl$ visage & delib]ate ^w ,nips y\? i' ! head1 & follies do? emmew1 ,z falcon do? ! f[l --! ^w emmew signify+ ! place :]e hawks 7 %ut up dur+ ! "t !y m\lt$4 ,9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iii4 #d71 ,lady ,capulet says ( ,juliet3 ,to-night %e's mew'd up to h] heav9ess2 & 9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7i4 #a71 ,gremio1 speak+ ( ,bianca to ,signor ,bapti/a1 says3 ,:y w y mew h]8 ,:5 ! w+ or tail fea!rs ( a hawk 7 dropp$1 =c$ out1 or brok51 by any accid5t1 x 0 usual to supply or repair z _m z 7 defici5t or damag$1 an op]ation call$ to imp#bdb a hawk4 ,?us1 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7ii4 #a71 ,nor?umb]l& says3 ,if1 !n1 we %all %ake (f our slavi% yoke1 ,imp out our droop+ c\ntry's brok5 w+4 #bdb ,imp1 f ,anglo-,saxon1 impan1 to graft4 ,turb]vile has a :ole *apt] on ,! way & mann] h[ to ympe a hawke's fea!r1 h[soev] x be brok5 or bruis$4 ,s ,mass+]1 9 8 ,r5egado 7v4 #h71 makes ,asambeg say3 /rive to imp ,new fea!rs to ! brok5 w+s ( "t4 ,hawk+ 0 sometimes call$ bird+4#bdc ,9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7iii4 #c7 ,ma/] ,page says3 ,i d invite y to-morr[ morn+ to my h\se to breakfa/2 aft]1 we'll a-bird+ toge!r1 ,i h a f9e hawk = ! bu%4 ,9 ! same play 7iii4 #e7 ,dame ,quickly1 speak+ ( ,mi/ress ,=d1 says3 ,h] husb& goes ?is morn+ a-bird+2 & ,mi/ress ,=d says 7iv4 #b73 ,he's a-bird+1 sweet ,sir ,john4 ,! ^w hawk1 says ,mr4 ,h>t+1 is inv>iably us$ by ,%akespe>e 9 its g5]ic s5se2 & 9 only two in/ances does he allude to a p>ticul> species4 ,^! are ! ke/rel & sp>r[-hawk4 ,9 ,twelf? ,night 7ii4 #e7 ,sir ,toby ,bel*1 speak+ ( ,malvolio1 z he f9ds ! lett] :i* ,m>ia has purposely dropp$ 9 8 pa?1 says3 ,& ) :at w+ ! /aniel#bdd *ecks at x --/aniel be+ a corruption ( /angdall1 a "n = ! ke/rel hawk4#bde ,g\ts is ! te*nical t]m = ! spots on "s p>ts ( ! plumage ( a hawk1 & p]haps ,%akespe>e uses ! ^w 9 allusion to a phrase 9 h]aldry4 ,macbe? 7ii4 #a71 speak+ ( ! dagg]1 says3 ,i see !e /ill1 ,& on ?y blade & dudgeon g\ts ( blood4 #bdc ,h>t+'s ,orni?ology ( ,%akspe>e1 p4 #gb4 #bdd ,! read+ ( ! folios "h is /allion2 b ! ^w w+1 & ! falcon]'s t]m *ecks1 prove t ! bird mu/ be meant4 ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #hcb4 #bde ,see ke/rel & sp>r[-hawk4 ,h]on4 ,?is bird 0 frequ5tly fl[n at by falcon]s4 ,%akespe>e1 9 ,hamlet 7ii4 #b71 makes ,hamlet say1 ,i am b mad nor?-nor?-we/2 :5 ! w9d is s\!rly1 ,i "k a hawk f a h&saw2 h&saw be+ a corruption ( h]on%aw1 or h]nsew1 :i* is /ill us$1 9 ! prov9cial dialects1 = a h]on4 ,9 ,suffolk & ,norfolk x is pron\nc$ h>nsa1 f :i* to h&saw is b a s+le /ep4#bdf ,%akespe>e "h alludes to a prov]bial say+1 ,he kn[s n a hawk f a h&saw4#bdg ,mr4 ,j4 ,c4 ,hea?#bdh expla9s ! passage ?us3 ,! expression obvi\sly ref]s to ! sport ( hawk+4 ,mo/ birds1 especially "o ( heavy flight l ! h]on1 :5 r\s$ by ! falcon] or 8 dog1 w\ld fly d[n or ) ! w9d1 9 ord] to escape4 ,:5 ! w9d is f ! nor? ! h]on flies t[>ds ! s\?1 & ! spectator may be dazzl$ by ! sun1 & be unable to di/+ui% ! hawk f ! h]on4 ,on ! o!r h&1 :5 ! w9d is s\!rly ! h]on flies t[>ds ! nor?1 & x & ! pursu+ hawk are cle>ly se5 by ! sportsman1 :o !n has 8 back to ! sun1 & )\t difficulty kn[s ! hawk f ! h]nsew4 #bdf ,notes to ,hamlet1 ,cl>k & ,wright1 #ahgf1 p4 #aei4 #bdg ,ray's ,prov]bs1 #agfh1 p4 #aif4 #bdh ,quot$ 9 ,notes to ,hamlet1 by ,cl>k & ,wright1 p4 #aei2 see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #daf4 ,jay4 ,f its gay & gaudy plumage ?is bird has be5 us$ = a loose woman1 z ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7iii4 #c73 we'll tea* him to "k turtles f jays1 i4 e41 to di/+ui% hone/ wom5 f loose ones4 ,aga91 9 ,cymbel9e 7iii4 #d71 ,imog5 says3 ,"s jay ( ,italy1 ,^: "m 0 h] pa9t+1#bdi ha? betray'd him4 #bdi ,t is1 made by art3 ! creature n ( nature1 b ( pa9t+2 cf4 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew1 iv4 #c2 ,! ,tempe/1 ii4 #b4 ,ke/rel4 ,a hawk ( a base1 uns]viceable bre$1#bej & !re=e us$ by ,sp5s]1 9 8 ,fairy ,que5 7,,ii4 iii4 #d71 to signify base3 ,ne ?\ght ( hon\r ev] did assay ,8 bas] brea/1 b 9 8 ke/rell kynd ,a pleasant ve9e ( glory he did fynd4 #bej ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dhb4 ,by "s#bea x is d]iv$ f coy/ril1 a knave or peasant1 f be+ ! hawk =m]ly us$ by p]sons ( inf]ior rank4 ,?us1 9 ,twelf? ,night 7i4 #c71 we f9d coy/rill1 & 9 ,p]icles 7iv4 #f7 coy/rel4 ,! "n ke/rel1 says ,s+]1#beb = an inf]ior k9d ( hawk1 0 evid5tly a corruption ( ! ,fr5* qu]celle or qu]c]elle1 & orig9ally _h no connection ) coy/ril1 ?\gh 9 lat] times !y may h be5 conf\nd$4 ,hol9%$#bec classes coi/]els ) lackeys & wom51 ! unw>like att5dants on an army4 ,! t]m 0 also giv5 z a nickname to ! emiss>ies employ$ by ! k+s ( ,engl& 9 _! ,fr5* w>s4 ,dyce#bed also consid]s ke/rel di/9ct f coi/rel4 #bea ,h>t+'s ,orni?ology ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #gd4 #beb ,notes1 vol4 iii4 pp4 #ceg1 #ceh4 #bec ,description ( ,engl&1 vol4 i4 p4 #afb4 #bed ,gloss>y to ,%akespe>e1 p4 #hh4 ,k+fi%]4 ,x 0 a common belief 9 days gone by t dur+ ! days ! halcyon or k+fi%] 0 engag$ 9 hat*+ h] eggs1 ! sea rema9$ s calm t ! sailor might v5ture ^u x )\t incurr+ risk ( /orm or tempe/2 h5ce ?is p]iod 0 call$ by ,pl9y & ,ari/otle ! halcyon days1 to :i* allusion is made 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #b73 ,expect ,sa9t ,m>t9's summ]1 halcyon days4 ,dryd5 also ref]s to ?is notion3 ,amid/ our arms z quiet y %all be1 ,z halcyons brood+ on a w9t]'s sea4 ,ano!r sup]/ition connect$ ) ?is bird occurs 9 ,k+ ,le> 7ii4 #b71 :]e ! ,e>l ( ,k5t says3 turn _! halcyon beaks ,) e gale & v>y ( _! ma/]s2 ! preval5t idea be+ t a dead k+fi%]1 susp5d$ f a cord1 w\ld always turn its beak 9 t direction f :5ce ! w9d blew4 ,m>l[e1 9 8 ,jew ( ,malta 7i4 #a71 says3 ,b n[ h[ /&s ! w9d8 ,into :at corn] pe]s my halcyon's bill8 ,occasionally "o may /ill see ?is bird hung up 9 cottages1 a remnant1 no d\bt1 ( ?is old sup]/ition4#bee #bee ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne's ,vulg> ,errors1 bk4 iii4 *ap4 #aj4 ,kite4 ,?is bird 0 consid]$ by ! anci5ts to be unlucky4 ,9 ,julius ,cs> 7v4 #a7 ,cassius says3 rav5s1 cr[s1 & kites1 ,fly o'er our heads1 & d[nw>d look on u4 ,9 ,cymbel9e 7i4 #b71 too1 ,imog5 says1 ,i *ose an eagle1 ,& did avoid a puttock1 puttock1 "h1 be+ a synonym sometimes appli$ to ! kite4#bef ,=m]ly ! kite became a t]m ( reproa* f its ignoble habits4 ,?us1 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7iii4 #ac71 ,antony exclaims1 y kite6 & ,k+ ,le> 7i4 #d7 says to ,gon]il1 ,dete/$ kite6 ?\ lie/4 ,its intractable disposition is allud$ to 9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew1 by ,petru*io 7iv4 #a74 ,a curi\s peculi>ity ( ?is bird is notic$ 9 ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #c71 :]e ,autolycus says3 ,my traffic is %eets2 :5 ! kite builds1 look to less] l95--mean+ t 8 practice 0 to /eal %eets2 leav+ ! small] l95 to be c>ri$ away by ! kites1 :o w occasionally c>ry x (f to l9e _! ne/s4#beg ,mr4 ,dyce#beh quotes ! foll[+ rem>ks ( ,mr4 ,peck on ?is passage3 ,autolycus "h gives u to und]/& t he is a ?ief ( ! fir/ class4 ,?is he expla9s by an allusion to an odd vulg> notion4 ,! common p1 _m ( !m1 ?9k t if any "o c f9d a kite's ne/ :5 %e ha? "y1 be=e !y are fl$g$1 & sew up _! back doors1 s z !y _c mute1 ! "m-kite1 9 compassion to _! di/ress1 w /eal less] l951 z caps1 cravats1 ruffles1 or any o!r su* small matt]s z %e c be/ fly )1 f (f ! h$ges :]e !y are hang$ to dry aft] wa%+1 & c>ry !m to h] ne/1 & !re leave !m1 if possible to move ! pity ( ! fir/ com]1 to cut ! ?read & ease !m ( _! mis]y4 #bef ,also to ! buzz>d1 :i* see1 p4 #ajj4 #beg ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 iv4 p4 #fg4 #beh ,gloss>y1 p4 #bdc4 ,lapw+4 ,sev]al int]e/+ allusions are made by ,%akespe>e to ?is ecc5tric bird4 ,x 0 a common notion t ! "y lapw+s ran out ( ! %ell ) "p ( x /ick+ on _! heads1 9 su* ha/e 7 !y to be hat*$4 ,horatio 7,hamlet1 v4 #b7 says ( ,osric3 ,?is lapw+ runs away ) ! %ell on 8 head4 ,x 01 !re=e1 reg>d$ z ! symbol ( a =w>d fell[4 ,web/]1#bei 9 ! ,:ite ,devil 7#aheg1 p4 #ac71 says3 =w>d lapw+6 ,he flies ) ! %ell on's head4 #bei ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #die2 see ,y>rell's ,hi/ory ( ,briti% ,birds1 #b;d edition1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dhb4 ,! lapw+1 l ! p>tridge1 is also said to draw pursu]s f h] ne/ by flutt]+ along ! gr\nd 9 an opposite direction or by cry+ 9 o!r places4 ,?us1 9 ! ,com$y ( ,errors 7iv4 #b71 ,%akespe>e says3 ,f> f h] ne/ ! lapw+ cries away4 ,aga91 9 ,measure = ,measure 7i4 #d71 ,lucio exclaims3 ?\gh 'tis my famili> s91 ,) maids to seem ! lapw+1 & to je/1 ,tongue f> f he>t4 ,once m1 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7iii4 #a71 we read3 ,= look :]e ,beatrice1 l a lapw+1 runs1 ,close by ! gr\nd1 to he> our conf]5ce4 ,sev]al1 too1 ( our old] poets ref] to ?is peculi>ity4 ,9 ,b5 ,jonson's ,und]woods 7lviii47 we are told3 ,:]e he t kn[s w l a lapw+ fly1 ,f>re f ! ne/1 & s himself belie4 ,?r\gh ?us allur+ intrud]s f its ne/1 ! lapw+ became a symbol ( ins9c]ity2 & h5ce orig9at$ ! prov]b1 ,! lapw+ cries tongue f he>t1 or1 ,! lapw+ cries mo/1 f>!/ f h] ne/4#bfj #bfj ,ray's ,prov]bs1 #agfh1 p4 #aii4 ,l>k4 ,%akespe>e has bequea!d to u _m exquisite passages ref]r+ to ! l>k1 full ( ! mo/ sublime pa?os & l(ty conceptions4 ,mo/ read]s are d\btless acqua9t$ ) t sup]b song 9 ,cymbel9e 7ii4 #c71 :]e ?is sweet song/] is repres5t$ z s++ at heav5's gate2 & aga91 z ! bird ( dawn1 x is describ$ 9 ,v5us & ,adonis1 ?us3 ,lo1 "h ! g5tle l>k1 we>y ( re/1 ,f 8 moi/ cab9et m\nts up on high1 ,& wakes ! morn+1 f ^: silv] brea/ ,! sun arise? 9 8 maje/y4#bfa #bfa ,cf4 ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7iv4 #a74 ! morn+ l>k2 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iii4 #e71 ! l>k1 ! h]ald ( ! morn4 ,9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b1 song7 we h a graphic t\* ( pa/oral life3 ,:5 %eph]ds pipe on oat5 /raws1 ,& m]ry l>ks are pl\ghm5's clocks4 ,! words ( ,portia1 too1 9 ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7v4 #a71 to s+ z sweetly z ! l>k1 h long ago pass$ into a prov]b4 ,x 0 =m]ly a curr5t say+ t ! l>k & toad *ang$ eyes1 to :i* ,juliet ref]s 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iii4 #e73 ,"s say1 ! l>k & loa!d toad *ange eyes2 ,w>burton says ?is popul> fancy orig9at$ 9 ! toad hav+ v f9e eyes1 & ! l>k v ugly ones4 ,?is tradition 0 =m]ly express$ 9 a ru/ic rhyme3 to heav'n ,i'd fly1 ,b t ! toad beguil'd me ( m9e eye4 ,9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7iii4 #b7 ! ,e>l ( ,surrey1 9 d5\nc+ ,wolsey1 alludes to a curi\s me?od ( captur+ l>ks1 :i* 0 effect$ by small mirrors & r$ clo?4 ,^!1 sc>+ ! birds1 made !m cr\*1 :ile ! f[l] drew 8 nets ov] !m3 let 8 grace g =w>d1 ,& d>e u ) 8 cap1 l l>ks4 ,9 ?is case ! cap 0 ! sc>let hat ( ! c>d9al1 :i* x 0 int5d$ to use z a piece ( r$ clo?4 ,! same idea occurs 9 ,skelton's ,:y ,come ,ye n to ,c\rt8 a satire on ,wolsey3 ,! r$ hat ) 8 lure ,br+e? all ?+s "u cure4 ,! words tirra-lirra 7,w9t]'s ,tale1 iv4 #c7 are a fanciful comb9ation ( s\nds1#bfb meant to imitate ! l>k's note2 borr[$1 says ,n>es1 f ! ,fr5* tire-lire4 ,br[ne1 ,briti% ,pa/orals 7bk4 i4 song #d71 makes x te]y-le]y4 ,9 "o ( ! ,cov5try pageants !re is ! foll[+ old song sung by ! %eph]ds at ! bir? ( ,*ri/1 :i* conta9s ! expression3 ,z ,i out rode ?is end5es night1 ,( ?ree joli %epp>ds ,i sawe a syght1 ,& all ab\te !re fold a />e %one bright1 ,!y sang t]li t]l[1 ,s m]eli ! %epp>ds _! pipes c bl[4 #bfb ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #hhf2 ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 p4 #bag4 ,9 ,scotl&#bfc & ! nor? ( ,engl& ! peasantry say t if "o is desir\s ( kn[+ :at ! l>k says1 he mu/ lie d[n on 8 back 9 ! field & li/51 & he w !n he> x say3 ,up 9 ! lift g we1 ,tehee1 tehee1 tehee1 tehee6 ,!re's n a %oemak] on ! e>? ,c make a %oe to me1 to me6 ,:y s1 :y s1 :y s8 ,because my heel is z long z my toe4 #bfc ,*amb]s's ,popul> ,rhymes ( ,scotl&1 #ahgj1 p4 #aib4 ,magpie4 ,x 0 =m]ly kn[n z magot-pie1 probably f ! ,fr5* magot1 a monkey1 because ! bird *att]s & plays droll tricks l a monkey4 ,x has g5]ally be5 reg>d$ ) sup]/iti\s awe z a my/]i\s bird1#bfd & is ?us allud$ to 9 ,macbe? 7iii4 #d73 ,augurs & und]/ood relations1 h ,by magot-pies1 & *\ghs1 & rooks1 br\ght =? ,! secret'/ man ( blood4 #bfd ,see ,engli% ,folk-,lore1 p4 #ha4 ,& aga91 9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7v4 #f71 x is said3 *att]+ pies 9 dismal discords sung4 ,!re are num]\s rhymes#bfe relat+ to ! magpie1 ( :i* we subjo91 z a specim51 "o preval5t 9 ! nor? ( ,engl&3 ,"o is sorr[1 two mir?1 ,?ree a w$d+1 f\r a bir?1 ,five heav51 six hell1 ,sev5 ! de'il's a9 sell4 #bfe ,h5d]son's ,folk-,lore ( ,nor!rn ,c\nties1 p4 #abg4 ,9 ,devon%ire1 9 ord] to av]t ! ill-luck f see+ a magpie1 ! peasant spits ov] 8 "r %\ld] ?ree times1 & 9 ,york%ire v>i\s *>ms are 9 use4 ,"o is to raise ! hat z a salutation1 & !n to sign ! cross on ! brea/2 & ano!r consi/s 9 mak+ ! same sign by cross+ ! ?umbs4 ,x is a common notion 9 ,scotl& t magpies fly+ ne> ! w9d[s ( a h\se port5d a spe$y dea? to "o ( its inmates4 ,! sup]/itions associat$ ) ! magpie are n conf9$ to ?is c\ntry1 = 9 ,sw$5#bff x is consid]$ ! wit*'s bird1 belong+ to ! evil "o & ! o!r p[]s ( night4 ,9 ,d5m>k1 :5 a magpie p]*es on a h\se x is reg>d$ z a sign t /rang]s are com+4 #bff ,?orpe's ,nor!rn ,my?ology1 vol4 ii4 p4 #cd2 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 pp4 #bae1 #baf2 see also ,h>l& & ,wilk9son's ,lanca%ire ,folk-,lore1 #ahfg1 pp4 #adc1 #ade4 ,m>t94 ,! m>t91 or m>tlet1 :i* is call$ 9 ,macbe? 7i4 #f7 ! gue/ ( summ]1 z be+ a migratory bird1 has be5 f ! e>lie/ times treat$ ) sup]/iti\s respect--x be+ consid]$ unlucky to mole/ or 9 any way injure its ne/4 ,?us1 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7ii4 #i71 ! ,pr9ce ( ,arragon says3 ! m>tlet ,builds 9 ! wea!r1 on ! outw>d wall1 ,ev5 9 ! =ce & road ( casualty4 ,=/]#bfg says t ! circum/ance ( ?is bird's ne/ be+ built s close to ! habitations ( man indicates t x has long enjoy$ fre$om f mole/ation4 ,!re is a popul> rhyme /ill curr5t 9 ! nor? ( ,engl&3 ,! m>t9 & ! swall[ ,are ,god ,almighty's b[ & arr[4 #bfg ,atmosph]ical ,rese>*es1 #ahbc1 p4 #bfb4 ,night+ale4 ,! popul> error t ! night+ale s+s ) its brea/ impal$ ^u a ?orn is notic$ by ,%akespe>e1 :o makes ,lucrece say3 ,& :iles aga9/ a ?orn ?\ be>'/ ?y "p ,to keep ?y %>p woes wak+4 ,9 ! ,passionate ,pilgrim 7xxi47 !re is an allusion3 ,ev]y?+ did bani% moan1 ,save ! night+ale alone4 ,%e1 poor bird1 z all =lorn1 ,lean'd h] brea/ up-till a ?orn1 ,& !re sung ! dolefull'/ ditty1 ,t to he> x 0 great pity4 ,beaumont & ,flet*]1 9 ,! ,fai?ful ,%eph]dess 7v4 #c71 speak ( ,! night+ale among ! ?ick-leav$ spr+1 ,t sits alone 9 sorr[1 & do? s+ ,:ole nights away 9 m\rn+4 ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne#bfh asks ,:e!r ! night+ale's sitt+ ) h] brea/ aga9/ a ?orn be any m ?an t %e place? "s prickles on ! outside ( h] ne/1 or roo/e? 9 ?orny1 prickly places1 :]e s]p5ts may lea/ approa* h]8#bfi ,9 ! ,zoologi/ = #ahfb ! ,rev4 ,a4 ,c4 ,smi? m5tions ! discov]y1 on two occasions1 ( a /rong ?orn project+ upw>ds 9 ! c5tre ( ! night+ale's ne/4 ,ano!r notion is t ! night+ale nev] s+s by day2 & ?us ,portia1 9 ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7v4 #a71 says3 ,i ?9k1 ,! night+ale1 if %e %\ld s+ by day1 ,:5 e goose is cackl+1 w\ld be ?\ght ,no bett] a musician ?an ! wr54 #bfh ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne's ,works1 #aheb1 vol4 i4 p4 #cgh4 #bfi ,see ,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #eae4 ,su*1 h[ev]1 is n ! case1 = ?is bird (t5 s+s z sweetly 9 ! day z at night-"t4 ,!re is an old sup]/ition#bgj t ! night+ale s+s all night1 to keep itself awake1 le/ ! gl[-worm %\ld dev\r h]4 ,! classical fable#bga ( ! unhappy ,philomela turn$ into a night+ale1 :5 h] si/] ,progne 0 *ang$ to a swall[1 has d\btless giv5 rise to ?is bird be+ spok5 ( z %e2 ?us ,juliet tells ,romeo 7iii4 #e73 ,x 0 ! night+ale1 & n ! l>k1 ,t pi]c'd ! fe>ful holl[ ( ?9e e>2 ,nightly %e s+s on yon pomegranate tree2 ,believe me1 love1 x 0 ! night+ale4 #bgj ,s\!y's ,commonplace ,book4 #e? s]ies4 #ahea1 p4 #cje4 #bga ,ovid's ,metamorphoses1 bk4 vi4 ll4 #dee-fgf2 ,titus ,&ronicus1 iv4 #a4 ,sometimes ! night+ale is t]m$ ,philomel1 z 9 ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #b1 song73#bgb ,philomel1 ) melody1 ,s+ 9 our sweet lullaby4 #bgb ,cf4 ,lucrece1 ll4 #ajgi1 #aabg4 ,osprey4 ,?is bird1#bgc also call$ ! sea-eagle1 besides hav+ a de/ructive p[] ( dev\r+ fi%1 0 suppos$ =m]ly to h a fasc9at+ influ5ce1 bo? :i* qualities are allud$ to 9 ! foll[+ passage 9 ,coriolanus 7iv4 #g73 ,i ?9k he'll be to ,rome1 ,z is ! osprey to ! fi%1 :o takes x ,by sov]eignty ( nature4 #bgc ,see ,y>rell's ,hi/ory ( ,briti% ,birds1 #ahef1 vol4 i4 p4 #cj2 ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #fbj2 also ,p5nant's ,briti% ,zoology2 see ,peele's ,play ( ! ,battle ( ,alcaz> 7ii4 #c71 #ahfa1 p4 #bh4 ,drayton1 9 8 ,polyolbion 7song xxv471 m5tions ! same fasc9at+ p[] ( ! osprey3 ,! osprey1 (t "h se51 ?\gh seldom "h x bre$s1 ,:i* ov] !m ! fi% no soon] d espy1 ,b1 betwixt him & !m by an antipa?y1 ,turn+ _! bellies up1 z ?\gh _! dea? !y saw1 ,!y at 8 pleasure lie1 to /uff 8 glutton\s maw4 ,o/ri*4 ,! extraord9>y dige/ion ( ?is bird#bgd is said to be %[n by its swall[+ iron & o!r h>d sub/ances4#bge ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iv4 #aj71 ! rebel ,cade says to ,alex&] ,id53 ,ah1 villa91 ?\ wilt betray me1 & get a ?\s& cr[ns ( ! k+ by c>ry+ my head to him2 b ,i'll make !e eat iron l an o/ri*1 & swall[ my sword l a great p91 ere ?\ & ,i "p4 ,cuvi]1#bgf speak+ ( ?is bird1 says1 ,x is yet s voraci\s1 & its s5ses ( ta/e & smell are s obtuse1 t x dev\rs animal & m9]al sub/ances indiscrim9ately1 until its enorm\s /oma* is completely full4 ,x swall[s )\t any *oice1 & m]ely z x 7 to s]ve = balla/1 wood1 /ones1 grass1 iron1 copp]1 gold1 lime1 or1 9 fact1 any o!r sub/ance equally h>d1 indige/ible1 & delet]i\s4 ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne1#bgg writ+ on ?is subject1 says1 ,! gr\nd ( ?is conceit 9 its swall[+ d[n fragm5ts ( iron1 :i* m5 obs]v+1 by a =w>d illation1 h !re=e conceiv$ x dige/e? !m1 :i* is an inf]5ce n to be admitt$1 z be+ a fallacy ( ! consequ5t4 ,9 ,l\don's ,magaz9e ( ,natural ,hi/ory 7,no4 #f1 p4 #cb7 we are told ( an o/ri* hav+ be5 kill$ by swall[+ glass4 #bgd ,call$ e/ridge 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 iv4 #a4 #bge ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 p4 #cfe4 #bgf ,animal ,k+dom1 #ahbi1 vol4 viii4 p4 #dbg4 #bgg ,see ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne's ,works1 #aheb1 vol4 i4 pp4 #ccd-ccg4 ,owl4 ,! dread atta*$ to ?is un=tunate bird is frequ5tly spok5 ( by ,%akespe>e1 :o has allud$ to sev]al ( ! sup]/itions associat$ ) x4 ,at ! outset1 _m ( ! epi!ts ascrib$ to x %[ ! prejudice ) :i* x 0 reg>d$--be+ 9 v>i\s places /igmatiz$ z ! vile owl1 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7ii4 ,i72 & ! obscure bird1 9 ,macbe? 7ii4 #c71 etc4 ,f ! e>lie/ p]iod x has be5 consid]$ a bird ( ill-om51 & ,pl9y tells u h[1 on "o occasion1 ev5 ,rome itself und]w5t a lu/ration1 because "o ( !m /ray$ into ! ,capitol4 ,he repres5ts x also z a fun]eal bird1 a mon/] ( ! night1 ! v abom9ation ( human k9d4 ,v]gil#bgh describes its dea?-h[l f ! top ( ! temple by night1 a circum/ance introduc$ z a precursor ( ,dido's dea?4 ,ovid1#bgi too1 con/antly speaks ( ?is bird's pres5ce z an evil om52 & inde$ ! same notions respect+ x may be f\nd among ! writ+s ( mo/ ( ! anci5t poets4 ,?is sup]/iti\s awe 9 :i* ! owl is held may be ow+ to its peculi> look1 its occasional & unc]ta9 appe>ance1 its l\d & dismal cry1#bhj z well z to its be+ ! bird ( night4#bha ,x has g5]ally be5 associat$ ) calamities & de$s ( d>kness4#bhb ,?us1 its weird %riek pi]ces ! e> ( ,lady ,macbe? 7ii4 #b71 :ile ! murd] is be+ committ$3 ,h>k6--,peace6 ,x 0 ! owl t %riek'd1 ! fatal bellman1 ,:i* gives ! /]n'/ good night4 #bgh neid1 bk4 iv4 l4 #dfb4 #bgi ,metamorphoses1 bk4 v4 l4 #eej2 bk4 vi4 l4 #dcb2 bk4 x4 l4 #dec2 bk4 xv4 l4 #gia4 #bhj #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 iii4 #b2 iv4 #a4 #bha ,titus ,&ronicus1 ii4 #c4 #bhb ,cf4 ,lucrece1 l4 #afe2 see ,y>rell's ,hi/ory ( ,briti% ,birds1 vol4 i4 p4 #abb4 ,& :5 ! murd]] ru%es 91 exclaim+1 ,i h done ! de$4 ,did/ ?\ n he> a noise8 %e answ]s3 ,i he>d ! owl scream4 ,its appe>ance at a bir? has be5 said to =etell ill-luck to ! infant1 a sup]/ition to :i* ,k+ ,h5ry1 9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7v4 #f71 address+ ,glo/]1 ref]s3 ,! owl %riek'd at ?y bir?1 an evil sign4 ,its cries#bhc h be5 suppos$ to presage dea?1 &1 to quote ! words ( ! ,spectator1 a scree*-owl at midnight has al>m$ a family m ?an a b& ( robb]s4 ,?us1 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7v4 #a71 we are told h[ ! scree*-owl1 scree*+ l\d1 ,puts ! wret* t lies 9 woe ,9 remembrance ( a %r\d2 & 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iv4 #b71 x is call$ ! om9\s & fe>ful owl ( dea?4 ,aga91 9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7iv4 #d71 :]e ,ri*>d is exasp]at$ by ! bad news1 he int]rupts ! ?ird mess5g] by say+3 ,out on ye1 owls6 no?+ b songs ( dea?8 #bhc ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bji4 ,! owl by day is consid]$ by "s equally om9\s1 z 9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7v4 #d73 ! owl by day1 ,if he arise1 is mock'd & wond]'d at4 ,& 9 ,julius ,cs> 7i4 #c71 ,casca says3 ,& ye/]day ! bird ( night did sit1 ,ev5 at noon-day1 ^u ! m>ket-place1 ,hoot+ & %riek+4 ,:5 ^! prodigies ,d s conjo9tly meet1 let n m5 say1 ',^! are _! reasons1--!y are natural2' ,=1 ,i believe1 !y are port5t\s ?+s ,unto ! climate t !y po9t ^u4 ,consid]+1 h[ev]1 ! abhorr5ce ) :i* ! owl is g5]ally reg>d$1 x is n surpris+ t ! owlet's w+#bhd %\ld =m an +r$i5t ( ! caldron 9 :i* ! wit*es 9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #a7 prep>$ _! *>m ( p[]ful tr\ble4 ,! owl is1 too1 9 all probability1 repres5t$ by ,%akespe>e z a wit*1#bhe a companion ( ! fairies 9 _! moonlight gambols4 ,9 ,com$y ( ,errors 7ii4 #b71 ,dromio ( ,syracuse says3 ,?is is ! fairy l&3 ,o1 spite ( spites6 ,we talk ) gobl9s1 owls1 & elvi% sprites4 ,if we obey !m n1 ?is w ensue1 ,!y'll suck our brea?1 or p9* u black & blue6 #bhd ,! spell+ ( ! folios is h[lets4 ,9 ,holl&'s translation ( ,pl9y 7*ap4 xvii4 book x471 we read ( owlls or h[lets4 ,cotgrave gives ,hulotte4 #bhe ,halliwell-,phillipps's1 ,h&book ,index1 #ahff1 p4 #ced4 ,s+]1 9 8 ,notes on ?is passage 7vol4 ii4 p4 #bh7 says3 ,x has be5 ask$1 h[ %\ld ,%akespe>e "k t scree*-owls 7 consid]$ by ! ,romans z wit*es8 ,d ^! cavill]s ?9k t ,%akespe>e nev] look$ into a book8 ,take an extract f ! ,cambridge ,lat9 ,diction>y 7#aeid1 #hvo71 probably ! v book he us$3 ,/rix1 a scrit*e owle2 an unluckie k9d ( bird 7z !y ( olde "t said7 :i* suck$ out ! blood ( infants ly+ 9 _! cradles2 a wit*1 t *ange? ! fav\r ( *ildr52 an hagge or fairie4 ,s 9 ! ,london ,prodigal1 a com$y1 #afje3 ,s\l1 ,i ?9k ,i am sure cross$ or wit*'d ) an owl4#bhf ,9 ,! ,tempe/ 7v4 #a7 ,%akespe>e introduces ,ariel z say+3 ,:]e ! bee sucks1 !re suck ,i1 ,9 a c[slip's bell ,i lie1 ,!re ,i c\* :5 owls d cry4 #bhf ,see ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #cjb4 ,ariel1#bhg :o sucks honey = luxury 9 ! c[slip's bell1 retreats ?i!r = quiet :5 owls are abroad & scree*+4 ,accord+ to an old leg5d1 ! owl 0 orig9ally a bak]'s daught]1 to :i* allusion is made 9 ,hamlet 7iv4 #e71 :]e ,ophelia exclaims3 ,!y say ! owl 0 a bak]'s daught]4 ,"l6 we "k :at we are1 b "k n :at we may be4 ,d\ce#bhh says ! foll[+ /ory 0 curr5t among ! ,gl\ce/]%ire peasantry3 ,our ,savi\r w5t into a bak]'s %op :]e !y 7 bak+1 & ask$ = "s bread to eat2 ! mi/ress ( ! %op imm$iately put a piece ( d\gh into ! ov5 to bake = him2 b 0 reprim&$ by h] daught]1 :o1 insi/+ t ! piece ( d\gh 0 too l>ge1 r$uc$ x to a v small size2 ! d\gh1 h[ev]1 imm$iately began to swell1 & pres5tly became a mo/ enorm\s size1 :]eupon ! bak]'s daught] cri$ out1 ',heugh1 heugh1 heugh6' :i* owl-l noise probably induc$ our ,savi\r to trans=m h] into t bird = h] wick$ness4 ,ano!r v]sion ( ! same /ory1 z =m]ly kn[n 9 ,h]e=d%ire1 sub/itutes a fairy 9 ! place ( our ,savi\r4 ,simil> leg5ds are f\nd on ! ,cont95t4#bhi #bhg ,see ,s+]'s ,notes to ,! ,tempe/1 #ahge1 vol4 i4 p4 #hb4 #bhh ,see ,g5tleman's ,magaz9e1 ,novemb]1 #ahjd1 pp4 #ajhc1 #ajhd4 ,grimm's ,deuts*e ,my?ologie4 #bhi ,see ,das5t's ,tales ( ! ,norse1 #ahei1 p4 #bcj4 ,p>rot4 ,! pop9jay1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #c71 is ano!r "n = ! p>rot--f ! ,spani% papagayo--a t]m :i* occurs 9 ,br[ne's ,pa/orals 7ii4 #fe73 ,or l ! mixture nature do! display ,^u ! qua9t w+s ( ! pop9jay4 ,its suppos$ re/lessness be=e ra9 is ref]r$ to 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7iv4 #a73 ,m clamor\s ?an a p>rot aga9/ ra94 ,x 0 =m]ly cu/om>y to tea* ! p>rot unlucky words1 ) :i*1 :5 any "o 0 (f5d$1 x 0 ! /&+ joke ( ! wise own] to say1 ,take he$1 sir1 my p>rot prophesies--an allusion to :i* cu/om we f9d 9 ,com$y ( ,errors 7iv4 #d71 :]e ,dromio ( ,ephesus says3 prophesy l ! p>rot1 bew>e ! rope's end4 ,to ?is ,butl] h9ts1 :]e1 speak+ ( ,ralpho's skill 9 augury1 he says3#bij ,c\ld tell :at subtle/ p>rots mean1 ,t speak & ?9k contr>y clean2 ,:at memb] 'tis ( :om !y talk1 ,:5 !y cry rope1 & walk1 knave1 walk4 #bij ,hudibras1 pt4 i4 *4 i4 ,! rew>ds giv5 to p>rots to enc\rage !m to speak are m5tion$ 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7v4 #b73bia ! p>rot w n d m = an almond4 ,h5ce1 a prov]b = ! greate/ temptation t c\ld be put be=e a man seems to h be5 ,an almond = a p>rot4 ,to talk l a p>rot is a common prov]b1 a s5se 9 :i* x occurs 9 ,o!llo 7ii4 #c74 #bia ,9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7i4 #a71 ,b5$ick lik5s ,beatrice to a p>rot-tea*]1 f h] talkative p[]s4 ,peacock4 ,?is bird 0 z prov]bially us$ = a pr\d1 va9 fool z ! lapw+ = a silly "o4 ,9 ?is s5se "s w\ld und]/& x 9 ! mu*-disput$ passage 9 ,hamlet 7iii4 #b73 ,= ?\ do/ "k1 ,o ,damon de>1 ,?is realm dismantl$ 0 ,( ,jove himself2 & n[ reigns "h ,a v1 v--peacock4#bib #bib ,?is is ! read+ adopt$ by ,s+]4 ,! ?ird & f\r? folios read pajock1#bic ! o!r editions h paiock1 paiocke1 or pajocke1 & 9 ! lat] qu>tos ! ^w 0 *ang$ to paicock & pecock1 :5ce ,pope pr9t$ peacock4 #bic ,notes to ,hamlet1 ,cl>k & ,wright1 #ahgf1 pp4 #agi1 #ahj4 ,dyce says t 9 ,scotl& ! peacock is call$ ! peajock4 ,"s h propos$ to read paddock1 & 9 ! la/ sc5e ,hamlet be/[s ?is opprobri\s "n ^u ! k+4 ,x has be5 also sugge/$ to read puttock1 a kite4#bid ,! peacock has also be5 reg>d$ z ! emblem ( pride & arrogance1 z 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #c73bie ,let frantic ,talbot triumph = a :ile1 ,&1 l a peacock1 sweep along 8 tail2 ,we'll pull 8 plumes1 & take away 8 tra94 #bid ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #fde2 ,s+]'s ,notes1 vol4 ix4 p4 #bbh4 #bie ,cf4 ,troilus & ,cressida1 iii4 #c4 ,pelican4 ,!re are sev]al allusions by ,%akespe>e to ! pelican's pi]c+ h] own brea/ to fe$ h] "y4 ,?us1 9 ,hamlet 7iv4 #e71 ,la]tes says3 ,to 8 good fri5ds ?us wide ,i'll ope my arms2 ,& l ! k9d life-r5d]+ pelican1 ,repa/ !m ) my blood4 ,& 9 ,k+ ,le>1 :]e ! "y pelicans are repres5t$ z pi]c+ _! "m's brea/ to dr9k h] blood1 an illu/ration ( filial impiety 7iii4 #d71 ! k+ says3 ,is x ! fa%ion1 t disc>d$ fa!rs ,%\ld h ?us little m]cy on _! fle%8 ,judici\s puni%m5t6 ',twas ?is fle% begot ,^? pelican daught]s4#bif #bif ,cf4 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 i4 #a4 ,x is a common notion t ! fable "h allud$ to is a classical "o1 b ?is is an error4 ,%akespe>e1 says ,mr4 ,h>t+1 0 cont5t to accept ! /ory z he f\nd x1 & to apply x metaphorically z ! occasion requir$4 ,mr4 ,h\ghton1 9 an int]e/+ lett] to ,l& & ,wat]#big on ?is subject1 rem>ks t ! ,egyptians believ$ 9 a bird fe$+ its "y ) its blood1 & ?is bird is none o!r ?an ! vulture4 ,he goes on to say t ! fable ( ! pelican d\btless orig9at$ 9 ! ,patri/ic annotations on ! ,scriptures4 ,! ecclesia/ical ,fa!rs transf]r$ ! ,egyptian /ory f ! vulture to ! pelican1 b magnifi$ ! /ory a hundr$fold1 = ! blood ( ! p>5t 0 n only suppos$ to s]ve z food = ! "y1 b 0 also able to reanimate ! dead (fspr+4 ,augu/9e1 comm5t+ on ,psalm cii4 #f--;,i am l a pelican ( ! wild]ness--rem>ks3 ,^! birds male pelicans are said to kill _! (fspr+ by bl[s ( _! beaks1 & !n to bewail _! dea? = ! space ( ?ree days4 ,at l5g?1 h[ev]1 x is said t ! "m inflicts a sev]e w\nd on h]self1 p\r+ ! fl[+ blood ov] ! dead "y ones1 :i* in/antly br+s !m to life4 ,to ! same effect write ,eu/a?ius1 ,isidorus1 ,epiphanius1 & a ho/ ( o!r writ]s4#bih #big ,mr4 ,h>t+1 9 8 ,orni?ology ( ,%akespe>e1 quotes an int]e/+ correspond5ce f ,l& & ,wat] 7#ahfi71 on ! subject4 #bih ,see ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne's ,works1 #aheb1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #a-d4 ,accord+ to ano!r idea#bii pelicans are hat*$ dead1 b ! cock pelican !n w\nds 8 brea/1 & lets "o drop ( blood fall ^u ea*1 & ?is quick5s !m4 #bii ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 pp4 #cff1 #cfg4 ,pheasant4 ,?is bird is only once allud$ to1 9 ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #d71 :]e ! ,cl[n jok+ly says to ! ,%eph]d1 ,advocate's ! c\rt-^w = a pheasant2 say1 y h none4 ,pho5ix4 ,_m allusions are made to ?is fabul\s bird1 :i* is said to rise aga9 f its own a%es4 ,?us1 9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7v4 #d71 ,cranm] tells h[ :5 ,! bird ( wond] dies1 ! maid5 pho5ix1 ,h] a%es new create ano!r heir1 ,z great 9 admiration z h]self4 ,aga91 9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #d71 ! ,duke ( ,york exclaims3 ,my a%es1 z ! pho5ix1 may br+ =? ,a bird t w rev5ge ^u y all4 ,once m1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iv4 #g71 ,sir ,william ,lucy1 speak+ ( ,talbot & ^? sla9 ) him1 pr$icts t f _! a%es %all be re>'d ,a pho5ix t %all make all ,france afe>d4#cjj #cjj ,cf4 ,! ,tempe/1 iii4 #c2 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well1 i4 #a2 ,antony & ,cleopatra1 iii4 #b2 ,cymbel9e1 i4 #f4 ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne#cja tells u t !re is b "o pho5ix 9 ! _w1 :i* aft] _m hundr$ ye>s burns h]self1 & f ! a%es !re( arise? up ano!r4 ,f ! v e>lie/ times !re h be5 c\ntless traditions respect+ ?is wond]ful bird4 ,?us1 its longevity has be5 e/imat$ f ?ree hundr$ to fifte5 hundr$ ye>s2 & among ! v>i\s localities assign$ z its home are ,e?iopia1 ,arabia1 ,egypt1 & ,india4 ,9 ,! ,pho5ix & ,turtle1 x is said1 ,let ! bird ( l\de/ lay ,on ! sole ,arabian tree1 ,h]ald sad & trumpet be4 #cja ,works1 #aheb1 vol4 i4 pp4 #bgg-bhd4 ,pl9y says ( ?is bird1 ,h[beit1 ,i _c tell :at to make ( him2 & fir/ ( all1 :e!r x be a tale or no1 t !re is nev] b "o ( !m 9 ! :ole _w1 & ! same n commonly se54 ,malone#cjb quotes f ,lyly's ,euphues & 8 ,engl& 7p4 #cab1 ed4 ,arb]73 ,= z !re is b "o pho5ix 9 ! _w1 s is !re b "o tree 9 ,arabia :]e9 %e buylde?2 & ,florio's ,new ,worlde ( ,wordes 7#aeih71 ,ras91 a tree 9 ,arabia1 :]e( !re is b "o f\nd1 & ^u x ! pho5ix sits4 #cjb ,see ,aldis ,wright's ,notes to ,! ,tempe/1 #ahge1 p4 #abi4 ,pigeon4 ,z c>ri]s1 ^! birds h be5 us$ f a v e>ly date1 & ! ,ca/le ( ! ,birds1 at ,bagdad1 takes its "n f ! pigeon-po/ :i* ! old monks ( ! conv5t e/abli%$4 ,! build+ has crumbl$ into ru9s long ago by ! lapse ( "t1 b ! bird mess5g]s ( ,bagdad became celebrat$ z f> we/w>d z ,greece1 & 7 a regul> comm]cial in/itution betwe5 ! di/ant p>ts ( ,asia ,m9or1 ,arabia1 & ! ,ea/4#cjc ,9 anci5t ,egypt1 also1 ! c>ri] bre$ 0 br\ght to great p]fection1 &1 betwe5 ! cities ( ! ,nile & ! ,r$ ,sea1 ! old trad]s us$ to s5d ^w ( _! c>avans to ea* o!r by lett]s writt5 on silk1 & ti$ "u ! w+s ( tra9$ doves4 ,9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7iv4 #c7 ,titus1 on see+ a cl[n ent] ) two pigeons1 says3 ,news1 news f heav56 ,m>cus1 ! po/ is come4 ,sirrah1 :at tid+s8 h y any lett]s8 #cjc ,daily ,telegraph1 ,janu>y #ca1 #ahhj2 see ,s\!y's ,commonplace ,book1 #ahdi1 #b;d s]ies1 p4 #ddg4 ,f ! same play we also le>n t x 0 cu/om>y to give a pair ( pigeons z a pres5t4 ,! ,cl[n says to ,saturn9us 7iv4 #d71 ,i h br\ght y a lett] & a c\ple ( pigeons "h4#cjd #cjd ,see ,dove1 pp4 #aad1 #aae4 ,9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #c7 ! dove is us$ synonym\sly = pigeon1 :]e ! nurse is repres5t$ z ,sitt+ 9 ! sun "u ! dove-h\se wall4 ,mr4 ,d>w91 9 8 ,v>iation ( ,animals & ,plants "u ,dome/ication 7vol4 i4 pp4 #bjd1 #bje71 has %[n t f ! v e>lie/ times pigeons h be5 kept 9 a dome/icat$ /ate4 ,he says3 ,! e>lie/ record ( pigeons 9 a dome/icat$ condition occurs 9 ! fif? ,egyptian dyna/y1 ab\t #cjjj ,b4,c42 b ,mr4 ,bir*1 ( ! ,briti% ,museum1 in=ms me t ! pigeon appe>s 9 a bill ( f>e 9 ! previ\s dyna/y4 ,dome/ic pigeons are m5tion$ 9 ,g5esis1 ,leviticus1 & ,isaiah4 ,pl9y in=ms u t ! ,romans gave imm5se prices = pigeons2 'nay1 !y are come to ?is pass t !y c reckon up _! p$igree & race4' ,9 ,india1 ab\t ! ye> #afjj1 pigeons 7 mu* valu$ by ,akb> ,khan2 #bj1jjj birds 7 c>ri$ ab\t ) ! c\rt4 ,9 mo/ c\ntries1 too1 ! bre$+ & tam+ ( pigeons has be5 a favorite recreation4 ,! con/ancy ( ! pigeon has be5 prov]bial f "t immemorial1 allusions to :i* occur 9 ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #c71 & 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7iii4 #c74 ,quail4 ,! quail 0 ?\ght to be an amor\s bird1 & h5ce 0 metaphorically us$ to d5ote p ( a loose "*4#cje ,9 ?is s5se x is g5]ally und]/ood 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7v4 #a73 ,"h's ,agamemnon1 an hone/ fell[ en\gh1 & "o t loves quails4 ,mr4 ,h>t+1#cjf h[ev]1 ?9ks t ! passage j quot$ ref]s to ! practice =m]ly preval5t ( keep+ quails1 & mak+ !m fight l game-cocks4 ,! context ( ! passage w\ld seem to sanction ! =m] mean+4 ,quail fight+#cjg is spok5 ( 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7ii4 #c71 :]e ,antony1 speak+ ( ! sup]iority ( ,cs>'s =tunes to 8 own1 says3 if we draw lots1 he spe$s2 ,8 cocks d w9 ! battle /ill ( m9e1 ,:5 x is all to n\ght2 & 8 quails ev] ,beat m9e1 inhoop'd1 at odds4 #cje ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gjd2 ,halliwell-,phillipps's ,h&book ,index to ,%akespe>e1 #ahff1 p4 #cih2 ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #cde2 ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 vii4 p4 #bfd4 #cjf ,orni?ology ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #bah4 #cjg ,/rutt's ,sports & ,pa/imes1 #ahgf1 pp4 #ai1 #ig1 #fgg2 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #ei1 #fj4 ,x appe>s t cocks z well z quails 7 sometimes made to fight )9 a broad hoop--h5ce ! t]m inhoop'd--to keep !m f quitt+ ea* o!r4 ,quail-fights 7 well kn[n among ! anci5ts1 & especially at ,a!ns4#cjh ,julius ,pollux relates t a circle 0 made1 9 :i* ! birds 7 plac$1 & he ^: quail 0 driv5 out ( ?is circle lo/ ! /ake1 :i* 0 sometimes money1 & occasionally ! quails !mselves4 ,ano!r practice 0 to produce "o ( ^! birds1 :i* be+ fir/ smitt5 ) ! middle f+]1 a fea!r 0 !n pluck$ f its head4 ,if ! quail bore ?is op]ation )\t fl9*+1 8 ma/] ga9$ ! /ake1 b lo/ x if he ran away4 ,"s d\bt exi/s z to :e!r quail-fight+ prevail$ 9 ! "t ( ,%akespe>e4 ,at ! pres5t day#cji ! ,sumatrans practise ^! quail combats1 & ?is pa/ime is common 9 "s p>ts ( ,italy1 & also 9 ,*9a4 ,mr4 ,d\ce has giv5 a curi\s pr9t1 f an elegant ,*9ese m9iature pa9t+1 :i* repres5ts "s ladies engag$ at ?is amusem5t1 :]e ! quails are actually inhoop$4 #cjh ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 p4 #cfg4 #cji ,m>sd5's ,hi/ory ( ,sumatra1 #ahaa1 p4 #bgf4 ,rav54 ,p]haps no bird is s univ]sally unpopul> z ! rav51 its ho>se croak1 9 mo/ c\ntries1 be+ reg>d$ z om9\s4 ,h5ce1 z might be expect$1 ,%akespe>e (t5 ref]s to x1 9 ord] to make ! sc5e he depicts all ! m vivid & graphic4 ,9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7ii4 #c71 ,tamora1 describ+ a b>r5 dete/$ vale1 says3 ,! trees1 ?\gh summ]1 yet =lorn & lean1 ,o'ercome ) moss & baleful mi/letoe3 ,"h nev] %9es ! sun2 "h no?+ bre$s1 ,unless ! nightly owl or fatal rav54 ,& 9 ,julius ,cs> 7v4 #a71 ,cassius tells u h[ rav5s ,fly o'er our heads1 & d[nw>d look on u1 ,z we 7 sickly prey4#caj #caj ,cf4 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 iii4 #b2 ,troilus & ,cressida1 v4 #b4 ,x seems t ! sup]/iti\s dread#caa atta*+ to ?is bird has *iefly aris5 f its suppos$ longevity1#cab & its frequ5t m5tion & ag5cy 9 ,holy ,writ4 ,by ! ,romans x 0 consecrat$ to ,apollo1 & 0 believ$ to h a prophetic k--a notion /ill v preval5t4 ,?us1 its suppos$ faculty#cac ( smell+ dea? /ill r5d]s its pres5ce1 or ev5 its voice1 om9\s4 ,o!llo 7iv4 #a7 exclaims1 ,o1 x comes o'er my memory1 ,z do? ! rav5 o'er ! infect$ h\se1 ,bod+ to all4 #caa ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 pp4 #baa1 #bab4 #cab ,engli% ,folk-lore1 #ahgh1 p4 #gh4 #cac ,see ,hunt's ,popul> ,romances ( ,we/ ( ,engl&1 #ahha1 p4 #chj4 ,!re is no d\bt a ref]5ce "h to ! fanciful notion t x 0 a con/ant att5dant on a h\se infect$ ) ! plague4 ,mo/ read]s1 too1 are famili> ) t fam\s passage 9 ,macbe? 7i4 #e7 :]e ,lady ,macbe?1 hav+ he>d ( ! k+'s int5tion to /ay at ! ca/le1 exclaims1 ! rav5 himself is ho>se ,t croaks ! fatal entrance ( ,duncan ,"u my battlem5ts4 ,come1 y spirits ,t t5d on mortal ?\ghts1 unsex me "h1 ,& fill me1 f ! cr[n to ! toe1 top-full ,( dire/ cruelty6 ,we may comp>e ,sp5s]'s language 9 ! ,fairy ,que5 7bk4 ii4 c4 vii4 l4 #bc73 ,aft] him owles & night rav5s flew1 ,! hateful mess5g]s ( heavy ?+s1 ,( dea? & dolor tell+ sad tid+s4 ,& once m ! foll[+ passage f ,drayton's ,b>ons' ,w>s 7bk4 v4 /anza #db7 illu/rates ! same idea3 ,! om9\s rav5 (t5 he do? he>1 ,^: croak+ him ( foll[+ horror tells4 ,9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7ii4 #c71 ! night-rav5 is m5tion$4 ,b5$ick obs]ves to himself3 ,i _h z lief h he>d ! night-rav51 come :at plague c\ld h come aft] x4 ,?is inauspici\s bird1 accord+ to ,/eev5s1 is ! owl2 b ?is conjecture is evid5tly wrong1 be+ at v>iance ) sundry passages 9 our e>ly writ]s1 :o make a di/9ction betwe5 x & ! night-rav54#cad #cad ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 #ahgf1 p4 #bhh4 ,?us ,johnson1 9 8 ,sev5 ,*ampions ( ,*ri/5dom 7"p i471 speaks ( ! dismal cry ( night-rav5s1 444 & ! fe>efull s\nd ( s*riek owles4 ,cotgrave reg>d$ ! night-cr[ & ! night-rav5 z synonym\s2 & ,mr4 ,y>rell consid]$ !m only diff]5t names = ! night-h]on4#cae ,9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7v4 #f7 ,k+ ,h5ry says3 ,! night-cr[ cri$1 abod+ luckless "t4 #cae ,see ,h>t+'s ,orni?ology ( ,%akespe>e1 pp4 #aja1 #ajb2 ,y>rell's ,hi/ory ( ,briti% ,birds1 vol4 ii4 p4 #eha4 ,goldsmi?1 9 8 ,animat$ ,nature1 calls ! bitt]n ! night-rav51 & says3 ,i rememb]1 9 ! place :]e ,i 0 a boy1 ) :at t]ror ! bird's note affect$ ! :ole village2 !y consid] x z ! presage ( "s sad ev5t1 & g5]ally f\nd or made "o to succe$ x4 ,if any p]son 9 ! neighborhood di$1 !y suppos$ x c\ld n be o!rwise1 = ! night-rav5 _h =etold x2 b if nobody happ5$ to die1 ! dea? ( a c[ or a %eep gave completion to ! prophecy4 ,accord+ to an old belief ! rav5 des]ts its own "y1 to :i* ,%akespe>e alludes 9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7ii4 #c73 ,"s say t rav5s fo/] =lorn *ildr51 ,! :il/ _! own birds fami% 9 _! ne/s4 ,x 0 suppos$ t :5 ! rav51 says ,mr4 ,h>t+1#caf saw its "y ones newly hat*$ & cov]$ ) d[n1 x conceiv$ su* an av]sion t x =sook !m1 & did n return to ! ne/ until a d>k] plumage _h %[n itself4 ,to ?is belief ! comm5tators consid] ! ,psalmi/ ref]s1 :5 he says1 ,he give? to ! bea/ 8 food1 & to ! "y rav5s :i* cry 7,psalm cxlvii4 #i74 ,we are told1 too1 9 ,job1 ,:o provide? = ! rav5 8 food8 :5 8 "y ones cry unto ,god1 !y w&] = lack ( meat 7xxxviii4 #da74 ,%akespe>e1 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7ii4 #c71 probably _h ! words ( ! ,psalmi/ 9 8 m9d3 ,he t do? ! rav5s fe$1 ,yea1 provid5tly cat]s = ! sp>r[4 #caf ,orni?ology ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #ajg4 ,! rav5 has f e>lie/ times be5 symbolical ( blackness1 bo? 9 connection ) color & "*4 ,9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iii4 #b71 ,juliet exclaims3 ,o s]p5t he>t1 hid ) a fl[]+ face6 ,did ev] dragon keep s fair a cave8 ,beautiful tyrant6 fi5d angelical6 ,dove-fea!r'd rav56#cag #cag ,cf4 ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream1 ii4 #b2 ,twelf? ,night1 v4 #a4 ,once m1 rav5s' fea!rs 7 =m]ly us$ by wit*es1 f an old sup]/ition t ! w+s ( ?is bird c>ri$ ) !m contagion :]ev] !y w5t4 ,h5ce1 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7i4 #b71 ,caliban says3 ,z wick$ dew z e'er my "m bru%'d ,) rav5's fea!r f un:olesome f5 ,drop on y bo?6 ,rob9 ,r$brea/4 ,accord+ to a pretty notion1#cah ?is little bird is said to cov] ) leaves any dead body x may *ance to f9d unburi$2 a belief :i* probably1 9 a great measure1 orig9at$ 9 ! well-kn[n ballad ( ! ,*ildr5 9 ! ,wood1 al?\gh x seems to h be5 kn[n previ\sly4 ,?us ,s+] quotes z foll[s f ,cornucopia1 or ,div]s ,secrets1 etc4 7by ,?omas ,johnson1 #aeif73 ,! rob9 r$brea/1 if he f9ds a man or woman dead1 w cov] all 8 face ) moss2 & "s ?9k t if ! body %\ld rema9 unburi$ t he w\ld cov] ! :ole body also4 ,9 ,dekk]'s ,villa9es ,discov]$ by ,lan?orn & ,c&lelight 7#afaf71 quot$ by ,d\ce1 x is said1 ,!y t *e]e up a prison] b ) _! sight1 are rob9 r$brea/s t br+ /rawes 9 _! bills to cov] a dead man 9 extremitie4 ,%akespe>e1 9 a beautiful passage 9 ,cymbel9e 7iv4 #b71 ?us t\*+ly alludes to x1 mak+ ,arviragus1 :5 address+ ! suppos$ dead body ( ,imog51 say3 ,) faire/ fl[]s1 ,:il/ summ] la/s1 & ,i live "h1 ,fidele1 ,i'll sweet5 ?y sad grave3 ?\ %alt n lack ,! fl[] t's l ?y face1 pale primrose1 nor ,! azur$ h>ebell1 l ?y ve9s2 no1 nor ,! leaf ( eglant9e1 :om n to sl&] ,out-sweet5'd n ?y brea?3 ! ruddock w\ld1 ,) *>itable bill1--,o bill1 sore-%am+ ,^? ri*-left heirs1 t let _! fa!rs lie ,)\t a monum5t6--br+ !e all ?is2 ,yea1 & furr'd moss besides1 :5 fl[]s are none ,to w9t]-gr\nd ?y corse-- ! ruddock#cai be+ "o ( ! old names = ! r$brea/1 :i* is n[adays f\nd 9 "s localities4 ,john ,web/]1 also1 ref]s to ! same idea 9 ,! ,:ite ,devil 7#aheg1 ed4 ,dyce1 p4 #de73 ,call = ! rob9 r$brea/ & ! wr5 ,s9ce o'er %ady groves !y hov]1 ,& ) leaves & fl[]s d cov] ,! fri5dless bodies ( unburi$ m54 #cah ,engli% ,folk-,lore1 pp4 #fb-fd2 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 p4 #aia2 ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 x4 p4 #dbd2 ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 p4 #chj4 #cai ,cf4 ,sp5s]'s ,epi?alamium1 v4 #h3 ,! ?ru% replies1 ! mavis descant plays1 ,! ouzell %rills1 ! ruddock w>bles s(t4 ,drayton1 too1 9 ,! ,owl1 has ! foll[+ l9es3 ,cov'r+ ) moss ! dead's unclos$ eye1 ,! little r$brea/ tea*+ *>itie4 ,rook4 ,z an om9\s bird ?is is m5tion$ 9 ,macbe? 7iii4 #d74 ,=m]ly ! nobles ( ,engl& prid$ !mselves 9 hav+ a rook]y#cbj 9 ! neighborhood ( _! ca/les1 because rooks 7 reg>d$ z f[ls ( good om54 ,on ?is acc\nt no "o 0 p]mitt$ to kill !m1 "u sev]e p5alties4 ,:5 rooks des]t a rook]y#cba x is said to =etell ! d[nfall ( ! family on ^: prop]ty x is4 ,a ,nor?umbrian say+ in=ms u t ! rooks left ! rook]y ( ,*ip*ase be=e ! family ( ,re$ left t place4 ,!re is also a notion t :5 rooks haunt a t[n or village mortality is suppos$ to await its inhabitants1 & if !y fe$ 9 ! /reet x %[s t a /orm is at h&4#cbb #cbj ,/&>d1 ,janu>y #bf1 #ahgg4 #cba ,engli% ,folk-,lore1 p4 #gf4 #cbb ,h5d]son's ,folk-,lore ( ,nor!rn ,c\nties1 #ahgi1 p4 #abb4 ,! expression bully-rook1 9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7i4 #c71 9 ,%akespe>e's "t1 says ,mr4 ,h>t+1#cbc _h ! same mean+ z jolly dog n[adays2 b subsequ5tly x became a t]m ( reproa*1 mean+ a *eat+ %>p]4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t ! t]m d]ives its orig9 f ! rook 9 ! game ( *ess2 b ,d\ce#cbd consid]s x v improbable t ?is noble game1 nev] ! amusem5t ( gambl]s1 %\ld h be5 ransack$ on ?is occasion4 #cbc ,orni?ology ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #aba4 #cbd ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 p4 #cf2 ! t]m bully-rook occurs sev]al times 9 ,%adwell's ,sull5 ,lov]s2 see ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #eh4 ,snipe4 ,?is bird 0 9 ,%akespe>e's "t prov]bial = a fooli% man4#cbe ,9 ,o!llo 7i4 #c71 ,iago1 speak+ ( ,rod]igo1 says3 ,= ,i m9e own ga9'd k %\ld pr(ane1 ,if ,i w\ld "t exp5d ) su* a snipe1 ,b = my sport & pr(it4 #cbe ,9 ,nor?ampton%ire ! ^w d5otes an icicle1 f its resemblance to ! long bill ( ! bird s-call$4--,bak]'s ,nor?ampton%ire ,gloss>y1 #ahed1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bfj4 ,sp>r[4 ,a popul> "n = ! common sp>r[ 01 & /ill is1 ,philip1 p]haps f its note1 ,phip1 phip4 ,h5ce ! allusion to a p]son nam$ ,philip1 9 ,k+ ,john 7i4 #a73 ,gurney4 ,good leave1 good ,philip4 ,ba/>d4 ,philip8--sp>r[6 ,/aunton says p]haps ,catullus alludes to ?is expression 9 ! foll[+ l9es3 ,s$ circumsili5s1 modo huc1 modo illuc1 ,ad solam dom9am usque pipilabat4 ,skelton1 9 an elegy ^u a sp>r[1 calls x ,phyllyp ,sp>[e2 & ,gascoigne also writes ,! praise ( ,philip ,sp>r[4 ,9 ,measure = ,measure 7iii4 #b71 ,lucio1 speak+ ( ,angelo1 ! deputy-duke ( ,vi5na1 says3 ,sp>r[s mu/ n build 9 8 h\se-eaves1 because !y are le*]\s4#cbf #cbf ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #fec2 ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #cbj4 ,sp>r[-hawk4 ,a "n =m]ly giv5 to a "y sp>r[-hawk 0 eyas-musket1#cbg a t]m we f9d 9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7iii4 #c73 ,h[ n[1 my eyas-musket6 :at news ) y8 ,x 0 ?us metaphorically us$ z a jocul> phrase = a small *ild4 ,z ! inv5tion1 too1 ( fire-arms took place#cbh at a "t :5 hawk+ 0 9 high fa%ion1 "s ( ! new weapons 7 nam$ aft] ^? birds1 probably f ! idea ( _! fet*+ _! prey f on high4 ,musket has ?us become ! e/abli%$ "n = "o sort ( gun4 ,"s1 h[ev]1 ass]t t ! musket 0 inv5t$ 9 ! fifte5? c5tury1 & owes its "n to its inv5tors4 #cbg ,d]iv$ f ! ,fr5* m\s*et1 ( ! same mean+4 #cbh ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #eic3 ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 p4 #df4 ,turb]vile tells u ! fir/ "n & t]me t !y be/[e on a falcon is an eyesse1 & ?is "n do? la/e z long z %e is an eyrie & = t %e is tak5 f ! eyrie4 ,/>l+4 ,?is 0 "o ( ! birds t 0 9 days gone by tra9$ to speak4 ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #c71 ,hotspur says3 ,i'll h a />l+ %all be taught to speak ,no?+ b ',mortim]1' & give x him1 ,to keep 8 ang] /ill 9 motion4 ,pl9y tells u h[ />l+s 7 taught to utt] bo? ,lat9 & ,greek words = ! amusem5t ( ! "y ,cs>s2 & !re are num]\s in/ances on record ( ! clev] s5t5ces utt]$ by ?is amus+ bird4 ,swall[4 ,?is bird has g5]ally be5 honor$ z ! h>b+] ( spr+1 & ,a!nu relates t ! ,rhodians _h a solemn song to welcome x4 ,anacreon has a well-kn[n ode4 ,%akespe>e1 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #c71 alludes to ! "t ( ! swall['s appe>ance 9 ! foll[+ passage3 daffodils1 ,t come be=e ! swall[ d>es1 & take ,! w9ds ( ,m>* ) beauty4 ,& its dep>ture is m5tion$ 9 ,timon ( ,a!ns 7iii4 #f73 ,! swall[ foll[s n summ] m will+ ?an we y\r lord%ip4 ,we may comp>e ,t5nyson's notice ( ! bird's approa* & migration 9 ,! ,may ,que53 ,& ! swall[ 'll come back aga9 ) summ] o'er ! wave4 ,x has be5 long consid]$ lucky = ! swall[ to build its ne/ on ! ro( ( a h\se1 b j z unlucky = x to =sake a place :i* x has once t5ant$4 ,%akespe>e probably _h ?is sup]/ition 9 8 m9d :5 he repres5ts ,sc>us z say+1 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7iv4 #ab73 ,swall[s h built ,9 ,cleopatra's sails _! ne/s3 ! augur]s ,say1 !y "k n1--!y _c tell2--look grimly1 ,& d>e n speak _! k4 ,swan4 ,accord+ to a romantic notion1 dat+ f antiquity1 ! swan is said to s+ sweetly j be=e its dea?1 _m pretty allusions to :i* we f9d scatt]$ "h & !re ?r\gh\t ,%akespe>e's plays4 ,9 ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7iii4 #b71 ,portia says3 he makes a swan-l end1 ,fad+ 9 music4 ,emilia1 too1 9 ,o!llo 7v4 #b71 j be=e %e dies1 exclaims3 ,i w play ! swan1 ,& die 9 music4 ,9 ,k+ ,john 7v4 #g71 ,pr9ce ,h5ry1 at 8 fa!r's dea?-b$1 ?us pa!tically speaks3 ',tis /range t dea? %\ld s+4 ,i am ! cygnet to ?is pale fa9t swan1 ,:o *ants a doleful hymn to 8 own dea?1 ,& f ! organ-pipe ( frailty s+s ,8 s\l & body to _! la/+ re/4 ,aga91 9 ,lucrece 7#afaa71 we h ^! t\*+ l9es3 ,& n[ ?is pale swan 9 h] wat]y ne/1 ,beg9s ! sad dirge ( h] c]ta9 end+4 ,& once m1 9 ,! ,pho5ix & ,turtle3 ,let ! prie/ 9 surplice :ite1 ,t defunctive music c1 ,be ! dea?-div9+ swan1 ,le/ ! requiem lack 8 "r4 ,?is sup]/ition1 says ,d\ce1#cbi 0 cr$it$ by ,plato1 ,*rysippus1 ,ari/otle1 ,euripides1 ,philo/ratus1 ,cic]o1 ,s5eca1 & ,m>tial4 ,pl9y1 lian1 & ,a!nu1 among ! anci5ts1 & ,sir ,?omas ,m1 among ! mod]ns1 treat ?is op9ion z a vulg> error4 ,lu!r believ$ 9 x4 ,?is notion probably orig9at$ 9 ! swan be+ id5tifi$ ) ,orpheus4 ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne#ccj says1 we read t1 aft] 8 dea?1 ,orpheus1 ! musician1 became a swan4 ,?us 0 x ! bird ( ,apollo1 ! bird ( music by ! ,greeks4 ,allud+ to ?is piece ( folk-lore1 ,c>l ,engel#cca rem>ks3 ,al?\gh our common swan does n produce s\nds :i* might acc\nt = ?is tradition1 x is a well-kn[n fact t ! wild swan 7,cygnus f]us71 also call$ ! ':i/l+ swan1' :5 on ! w+ emits a %rill tone1 :i*1 h[ev] h>% x may s\nd if he>d ne>1 produces a pleasant effect :51 emanat+ f a l>ge flock high 9 ! air1 x is he>d 9 a v>iety ( pit*es ( s\nd1 increas+ or dim9i%+ 9 l\dness accord+ to ! movem5t ( ! birds & to ! curr5t ( ! air4 ,colonel ,hawk]#ccb says1 ,! only note :i* ,i ev] he>d ! wild swan make1 9 w9t]1 is 8 well-kn[n ':oop4'#ccc #cbi ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 p4 #afa4 #ccj ,works1 #aheb1 vol4 i4 p4 #ceg4 #cca ,musical ,my?s & ,facts1 #ahgf1 vol4 i4 p4 #hi4 #ccb ,in/ructions to ,"y ,sportsm51 #aa? ed41 p4 #bfi4 #ccc ,see ,b>+-,g\ld's ,curi\s ,my?s ( ! ,middle ,ages1 #ahgg1 p4 #efa2 ,?orpe's ,nor!rn ,my?ology1 #aheb1 vol4 iii4 pp4 #cjb-cbh4 ,tassel-,g5tle4#ccd ,! male ( ! go%awk 0 s call$ on acc\nt ( its tractable disposition1 & ! facility ) :i* x 0 tam$4 ,! ^w occurs 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7ii4 #b73 ,o1 = a falcon]'s voice ,to lure ?is tassel-g5tle back aga96 #ccd ,prop]ly ti]cel g5tle1 ,fr5*1 ti]celet2 cf4 ,troilus & ,cressida1 iii4 #b1 ! falcon z ! t]cel4 ,sp5s]1 9 8 ,fairy ,que5 7bk4 iii4 c4 iv4 l4 #di71 says3 ,hav+ f> (f espi$ a tassel-g5t ,:i* aft] h] 8 nimble w+s do? /ra9e4 ,?is species ( hawk 0 also commonly call$ a falcon-g5tle1 on acc\nt ( h] famili>1 c\rte\s disposition4#cce #cce ,g5tleman's ,recreation1 p4 #ai1 quot$ 9 ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #hfg4 ,turkey4 ,?is bird1 s popul> ) u at ,*ri/mas-tide1 is m5tion$ 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #a71 :]e ! ,fir/ ,c>ri] says3 ,god's body6 ! turkeys 9 my panni] are q />v$4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is an ana*ronism on ! "p ( ,%akespe>e1 z ! turkey 0 unkn[n 9 ?is c\ntry until ! reign ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 ,accord+ to a rhyme writt5 9 #aebe1 commemorat+ ! introduction ( ?is bird1 we are told h[3 ,turkies1 c>ps1 hoppes1 picc>ell1 & be]e1 ,came into ,engl& all 9 "o ye>e4 ,! turkey is aga9 m5tion$ by ,%akespe>e 9 ,twelf? ,night 7ii4 #e71 :]e ,fabian says ( ,malvolio3 ,contemplation makes a r>e turkey-cock ( him3 h[ he jets "u 8 advanc$ plumes6 ,vulture4 ,9 sev]al passages ,%akespe>e has mo/ =cibly introduc$ ?is bird to deep5 ! beauty ( "s ( 8 exquisite passages4 ,?us1 9 ,k+ ,le> 7ii4 #d71 :5 he is compla9+ ( ! unk9dness ( a daught]1 he bitt]ly exclaims3 ,o ,regan1 %e ha? ti$ ,%>p-too?'d unk9dness1 l a vulture1 "h4 ,:at1 too1 c be m graphic ?an ! expression ( ,tamora 9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7v4 #b73 ,i am ,rev5ge1 s5t f ! inf]nal k+dom1 ,to ease ! gnaw+ vulture ( ?y m9d4 ,equally =cible1 too1 are ,pi/ol's words 9 ,! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7i4 #c73 ,let vultures gripe ?y guts4 ,johnson consid]s t ! vulture ( s$ition 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iv4 #c7 is 9 allusion to ! tale ( ,prome!us1 b ( ?is !re is a decid$ unc]ta9ty4 ,wagtail4 ,9 ,k+ ,le> 7ii4 #b71 ,k5t says1 ,sp>e my grey be>d1 y wagtail8 ! ^w be+ us$ 9 an opprobri\s s5se1 to signify an (fici\s p]son4 ,woodcock4 ,9 sev]al passages ?is bird is us$ to d5ote a fool or silly p]son2 z 9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7i4 #b73 ,o ?is woodcock6 :at an ass x is6 ,& aga91 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7v4 #a71 :]e ,claudio1 allud+ to ! plot aga9/ ,b5$ick1 says3 ,%all ,i n f9d a woodcock too8 ,9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7iv4 #c7 ,biron says3 ,o heav5s1 ,i h my wi%6 ,duma9 trans=m$3 f\r woodcocks 9 a di%4 ,! woodcock has g5]ally be5 prov]bial z a fooli% bird--p]haps because x is easily caught 9 spr+es or nets4#ccf ,?us ! popul> phrase ,spr+es to cat* woodcocks meant arts to entrap simplicity1#ccg z 9 ,hamlet 7i4 #c73 ,aye1 spr+es to cat* woodcocks4 #ccf ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #ejh4 #ccg ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #iga4 ,a simil> expression occurs 9 ,beaumont & ,flet*]'s ,loyal ,subject 7iv4 #d73 ,g l a woodcock1 ,& ?ru/ y\r neck i' ?' noose4 ,x seems1 says ,n>es1 t woodcocks are n[ gr[n wis] by "t1 = we d n n[ he> ( _! be+ s easily caught4 ,if !y 7 sometimes said to be )\t bra9s1 x 0 only f\nd$ on _! "*1 c]ta9ly n on any exam9ation ( ! fact4#cch ,=m]ly1 "o ( ! t]ms = twilight#cci 0 cock-%ut "t1 because ! net 9 :i* cocks1 i4 e41 woodcocks1 7 %ut 9 dur+ ! twilight1 0 call$ a cock-%ut4 ,x appe>s t a l>ge net 0 /ret*$ across a glade1 & s susp5d$ ^u poles z to be easily drawn toge!r4 ,?us1 9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7v4 #c71 ,ratcliff says3 ,?omas ! ,e>l ( ,surrey1 & himself1 ,mu* ab\t cock-%ut "t1 f troop to troop1 ,w5t ?r\gh ! army1 *e]+ up ! soldi]s4 #cch ,see ,willughby's ,orni?ology1 iii4 section #a4 #cci ,m9%eu's ,guide into ,tongues1 ed4 #afag4 ,9 ,b5 ,jonson's ,masque ( ,gypsies we read3 ,mi/ress1 ?is is only spite2 ,= y w\ld n ye/]night ,kiss him 9 ! cock-%ut light4 ,sometimes x 0 errone\sly writt5 cock-%oot4 ,come1 come away !n1 a f9e cock-%oot ev5+4 ,9 ! ,two ,noble ,k9sm5 7iv4 #a7 we f9d ! t]m cock-light4 ,wr54 ,! dim9utive "* ( ?is bird is notic$ 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7iii4 #a1 song73 ,! wr5 ) little quill4 ,9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #b71 ,lady ,macbe? says3 ! poor wr51 ,! mo/ dim9utive ( birds1 w fight1 ,h] "y ones 9 h] ne/1 aga9/ ! owl4 ,consid]+1 too1 t z _m z sixte5 "y ones h be5 f\nd 9 ?is little bird's ne/1 we c say ) ,grahame1 9 8 poem on ! birds ( ,scotl&3 ,b n[ behold ! greate/ ( ?is tra9 ,( miracles1 /up5d\sly m9ute2 ,! num]\s prog5y1 claimant = food ,suppli$ by two small bills1 & feeble w+s ,( n>r[ range1 suppli$--ay1 duly f$-- ,f$ 9 ! d>k1 & yet n "o =got4 ,! epi!t poor1 appli$ to ! wr5 by ,lady ,macbe?1 0 c]ta9ly appropriate 9 days gone by1 :5 we recollect h[ x 0 cruelly hunt$ 9 ,irel& on ,/4 ,/eph5's day--a practice :i* prevail$ also 9 ! ,isle ( ,man4#cdj #cdj ,see ,y>rell's ,hi/ory ( ,briti% ,birds1 vol4 ii4 p4 #agh4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,animals4 ,z 9 ! case ( ! birds consid]$ 9 ! previ\s *apt]1 ,%akespe>e has also int]wov5 ?r\gh\t 8 plays an imm5se deal ( curi\s folk-lore connect$ ) animals4 ,n only does he allude ) ! accuracy ( a naturali/ to ! peculi>ities & habits ( c]ta9 animals1 b s true to nature is he 9 8 graphic descriptions ( !m t x is evid5t 8 k 0 9 a great measure acquir$ f 8 own obs]vation4 ,x is int]e/+1 also1 to note h[ c>efully he has1 "h & !re1 work$ into 8 n>rative "s old prov]b or sup]/ition1 !reby add+ a fre%ness to ! picture :i* has1 if possible1 imbu$ x ) an additional lu/re4 ,9 speak+ ( ! dog1 he has introduc$ _m an old hunt+ cu/om1 & 8 ref]5ces to ! te>s ( ! de] are full ( sweet pa?os1 z1 = in/ance1 :]e ,hamlet says 7iii4 #b71 ,let ! /rick5 de] g weep4 ,x is n necess>y1 h[ev]1 to add fur!r illu/rations1 z ^! w be f\nd 9 ! foll[+ pages4 ,ape4 ,9 addition to ,%akespe>e's m5tion ( ?is animal z a common t]m ( contempt1 !re are sev]al o!r allusions to x4 ,!re is ! well-kn[n phrase1 to lead apes 9 hell1 appli$ to old maids1 m5tion$ 9 ! ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7ii4 #a7--! mean+ ( ?is t]m n hav+ be5 yet satisfactorily expla9$4#cda 7,x is fur!r discuss$ 9 ! *apt] on ,m>riage47 #cda ,see page #afe4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d71 ! ^w is us$ z a t]m ( ende>m5t1 ,alas1 poor ape1 h[ ?\ sweat'/4 ,ass4 ,beyond ! prov]bial use ( ?is mu* ill-treat$ animal to d5ote a silly1 fooli% p]son1 ,%akespe>e has said little ab\t x4 ,9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7ii4 #a71 ,!rsites uses ! ^w ass9ego1 a ,portuguese expression = a "y ass1 ,?\ ha/ no m bra9 ?an ,i h 9 m9e elb[s2 an ass9ego may tutor !e4 ,x is us$ by ,beaumont & ,flet*] 9 ! ,scornful ,lady 7v4 #d73 ,all ?is w\ld be =sworn1 & ,i aga9 an ass9ego1 z y\r si/] left me4#cdb ,dyce#cdc w\ld spell ! ^w as9ico1 because x is s spell$ 9 ! old editions ( ,%akespe>e1 & is m 9 accordance ) ! ,spani% ^w4#cdd ,9 ,k+ ,le> 7i4 #d71 ! ,fool alludes to sop's celebrat$ fable ( ! old man & 8 ass3 ?\ bore/ ?9e ass on ?y back o'er ! dirt4 #cdb ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #ch4 #cdc ,gloss>y to ,%akespe>e1 #ahgf1 p4 #bj4 #cdd ,as9ico1 a little ass1 ,connelly's ,spani% & ,engli% ,diction>y1 ,madrid1 #dto4 ,bat4 ,! bat1 immortaliz$ by ,%akespe>e 7,! ,tempe/1 v4 #a7 z ! delicate ,ariel's /e$-- ,on ! bat's back ,i d fly1 --has g5]ally be5 an object ( sup]/iti\s dread1 & prov$ to ! poet & pa9t] a f]tile s\rce ( images ( gloom & t]ror4#cde ,9 ,scotl&#cdf x is /ill connect$ ) wit*craft1 & if1 :ile fly+1 x rise & !n desc5d aga9 e>?w>ds1 x is a sign t ! wit*es' h\r is come--! h\r 9 :i* !y are suppos$ to h p[] ov] e human be+ :o is n specially %ield$ f _! influ5ce4 ,?us1 9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #a7 ! wool ( bat =ms an +r$i5t 9 ! wit*es' caldron4 ,"o ( its popul> names is r]e-m\se1 :i* occurs 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #b71 :]e ,titania says3 ,"s1 w> ) r]e-mice = _! lea!rn w+s1 ,to make my small elves coats4 #cde ,engli% ,folk-,lore1 p4 #aae2 cf4 ,macbe?1 iii4 #b4 #cdf ,h5d]son's ,folk-,lore ( ,nor!rn ,c\nties1 #ahgi1 pp4 #abe1 #abf4 ,?is t]m is equival5t to ! ,anglo-,saxon1 hrre-ms1 f hr]an1 to /ir1 agitate1 & s ! same z ! old "n flitt]-m\se4#cdg ,! e>ly copies spell ! ^w r]emise4#cdh ,x occurs 9 ! ,wicliffite v]sion ( ,leviticus xi4 #ai1 & ! plural 9 ! =m r]emees or r]e-myis is f\nd 9 ,isaiah ii4 #bj4 ,at ,polp]ro1 ,cornwall1#cdi ! village boys call x airy-m\se1 & address x 9 ! foll[+ rhyme3 ,airy m\se1 airy m\se6 fly ov] my head1 ,& y %all h a cru/ ( bread2 ,& :5 ,i brew1 & :5 ,i bake1 ,y %all h a piece ( my w$d+-cake4 #cdg ,x has be5 speci\sly d]iv$ f ! ,engli% ^w re>1 9 ! s5se ( be+ able to raise itself 9 ! air1 b ?is is errone\s4 ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gbf4 #cdh ,aldis ,wright's ,notes to ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream1 #ahgg1 p4 #aja4 #cdi ,folk-,lore ,record1 #ahgi1 p4 #bja4 ,9 ,scotl&#cej x is kn[n z ! ,backe or ,bakie bird4 ,an imm5se deal ( folk-lore has clu/]$ r\nd ?is curi\s little animal4#cea #cej ,jamieson's ,scotti% ,diction>y1 #ahgi1 vol4 i p4 #ajf4 #cea ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 p4 #ahi2 ,h>t+'s ,orni?ology ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahga1 pp4 #ac1 #ad4 ,be>4 ,accord+ to an old idea1 ! be> br+s =? un=m$ lumps ( animat$ fle%1 & !n licks !m into %ape--a vulg> error1 ref]r$ to 9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #b71 :]e ,glo/]1 bemoan+ 8 de=mity1 says ( 8 "m3 ,%e did corrupt frail nature ) "s bribe1 99 99 99 99 99 ,to disproportion me 9 e "p1 ,l to a *aos1 or an unlick'd be>-:elp1 ,t c>ries no impression l ! dam4 ,?is errone\s notion1 h[ev]1 0 long ago confut$ by ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne4#ceb ,alex&] ,ross1 9 8 ,arcana ,microcosmi1 nev]!less affirms t be>s br+ =? _! "y de=m$ & mis%ap51 by reason ( ! ?ick membrane 9 :i* !y are wrapp$1 t is cov]$ ov] ) a muc\s matt]4 ,?is1 he says1 ! dam contracts 9 ! w9t]-"t1 by ly+ 9 holl[ caves )\t motion1 s t to ! eye ! cub appe>s l an un=m$ lump4 ,! above mucilage is aft]w>ds lick$ away by ! dam1 & ! membrane brok51 :]eby t :i* be=e seem$ to be un=m$ appe>s n[ 9 its "r %ape4 ,?is1 he cont5ds1 is all t ! anci5ts meant4#cec ,ovid 7,metamorphoses1 bk4 xv4 l4 #cgi7 ?us describes ?is once popul> fancy3 ,nec catulus1 p>tu quem r$didit ursa rec5ti1 ,s$ male viva c>o e/3 lamb5do mat] 9 artus ,f+it1 et 9 =mam1 quantam capit ipsa1 r$ucit4 #ceb ,vulg> ,errors1 #aheb1 vol4 i4 p4 #bdg4 #cec ,see ,b>?olomu1 ,de ,proprietate ,r]um1 lib4 xviii4 c4 #aab2 ,ari/otle1 ,hi/ory ( ,animals1 lib4 vi4 c4 #ca2 ,pl9y's ,natural ,hi/ory1 lib4 viii4 c4 #ed4 ,be>s1 9 days gone by1 are report$ to h be5 surpris$ by means ( a mirror1 :i* !y w\ld gaze on1 af=d+ _! pursu]s an opportunity ( tak+ ! sur] aim4 ,9 ,julius ,cs> 7ii4 ,i71 ?is practice is m5tion$ by ,decius3 unicorns may be betray'd ) trees1 ,& be>s ) glasses4#ced #ced ,/eev5s on ?is passage4 ,batman1 ,on ,b>?olomu 7#aehb71 speak+ ( ! be>1 says1 ,& :5 he is tak5 he is made bl9de ) a bright bas91 & b\nd ) *aynes1 & compell$ to playe4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 says ,mr4 ,aldis ,wright1#cee probably ref]s to ! actual bl9d+ ( ! be>4 #cee ,notes on ,julius ,cs>1 #ahgh1 p4 #acd4 ,a favorite amusem5t ) our ance/ors 0 be>-bait+4 ,z e>ly z ! reign ( ,h5ry ,,ii4 ! bait+ ( be>s by dogs 0 a popul> game 9 ,london1#cef :ile at a lat] p]iod a royal be>-w>d 0 an (fic] regul>ly atta*$ to ! royal h\sehold4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7v4 #a71 ?is p]sonage is allud$ to by ,clif=d1 :o says3 ,are ^! ?y be>s8 ,we'll bait ?y be>s to dea?1 ,& manacle ! be>-w>d 9 _! *a9s1 ,if ?\ d>'/ br+ !m to ! bait+ place4 #cef ,notices ,illu/rative ( ! ,drama & o!r ,popul> ,amusem5ts1 incid5tally illu/rat+ ,%akespe>e & 8 contempor>ies1 extract$ f ! ,,mss4 ( ,leice/]1 by ,w4 ,kelly1 #ahfe1 p4 #aeb4 ,& aga91 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7ii4 #a71 ,beatrice says1 ,i w ev5 take sixp5ce 9 e>ne/ ( ! be>-w>d1 & lead 8 apes into hell4 ,! synonym\s t]m1 be>-h]d1 occurs 9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7,ind4 sc5e #b71 :]e ,sly speaks ( himself z by transmutation a be>-h]d2 & 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #b71 ,sir ,john ,fal/aff rem>ks h[ true valor is turn$ be>-h]d4 ,among ! ,h>leian ,,mss4#ceg is pres]v$ ! orig9al w>rant ( ,ri*>d ,,iii4 appo9t+ ,john ,br[n to ?is (fice1 & :i* recites ! dilig5t s]vice he _h done ! k+ z ! gr\nd = grant+ him ! privilege ( w&]+ ab\t ! c\ntry ) 8 be>s & apes1 & receiv+ ! lov+ b5evol5ce & favors ( ! p4#ceh ,9 ! "t ( ,que5 ,elizabe? be>-bait+ 0 /ill a favorite pa/ime1 be+ consid]$ a fa%ionable ent]ta9m5t = ladies ( ! highe/ rank4#cei ,james ,i4 enc\rag$ ?is sport4 ,ni*ols#cfj in=ms u t on "o occasion ! k+1 accompani$ by 8 c\rt1 took ! que51 ! ,pr9cess ,elizabe?1 & ! two "y pr9ces to ! ,t[] to witness a fight betwe5 a lion & a be>1 & by ! k+'s comm& ! be> 7:i* _h kill$ a *ild t _h be5 neglig5tly left 9 ! be>-h\se7 0 aft]w>ds bait$ to dea? ^u a /age 9 ! pres5ce ( _m spectators4 ,popul>1 says ,mr4 ,kelly1 z be>-bait+ 0 9 ! metropolis & at c\rt1 x 0 equally s among all classes ( ! p4#cfa ,x is on record t at ,congleton1 9 ,*e%ire1 ! t[n-be> hav+ di$1 ! corporation 9 #afja gave ord]s to sell _! ,bible1 9 ord] to pur*ase ano!r1 :i* 0 done1 & ! t[n no long] )\t a be>4 ,?is ev5t is kept up 9 a popul> rhyme3 ,congleton r>e1 ,congleton r>e1 ,sold ! ,bible to pay = a be>4 #ceg ,no4 #dcc4 ,! docum5t is giv5 at l5g? 9 ,colli]'s ,annals ( ! ,/age1 vol4 i4 p4 #ce1 note4 #ceh ,kelly's ,notices ( ,leice/]1 p4 #aeb4 #cei ,wright's ,dome/ic ,mann]s1 p4 #cjd4 #cfj ,progresses & ,processions1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bei4 #cfa ,ab\t #agfj x 0 cu/om>y to h a be> bait$ at ! election ( ! mayor4 ,corry1 ,hi/ory ( ,liv]pool1 #ahaj1 p4 #ic4 ,! same leg5d atta*es to ,clifton1 a village ne> ,rugby3 ,clifton-^u-,dunsmore1 9 ,w>wick%ire1 ,sold ! ,*ur* ,bible to buy a be>4 ,9 ,pulleyn's ,etymological ,comp5dium1#cfb we are told t ?is cruel amusem5t is ( ,african orig91 & 0 introduc$ into ,europe by ! ,romans4 ,x is fur!r allud$ to by ,%akespe>e 9 ,twelf? ,night 7i4 #c71 danc+ & be>-bait+2 & fur!r on 9 ! same play 7ii4 #e7 ,fabian says1 he br\ght me out o' favor ) my lady ab\t a be>-bait+ "h2 & ,macbe? 7v4 #g7 relates3 ,!y h ti$ me to a /ake2 ,i _c fly1 ,b1 be>-l1 ,i mu/ fight ! c\rse4#cfc #cfb ,edit$ by ,m4 ,a4 ,?orns1 #ahec1 p4 #agj4 #cfc ,= fur!r in=mation on ?is subject consult ,/rutt's ,sports & ,pa/imes1 #ahgf2 ,kelly's ,notices ( ,leice/]1 pp4 #aeb-aei4 ,& 9 ,julius ,cs> 7iv4 #a71 ,octavius says3 we are at ! /ake1 ,& bay'd ab\t ) _m enemies4 ,bo>4 ,x appe>s t 9 =m] times bo>-hunt+ 0 a favorite recreation2 _m allusions to :i* we f9d 9 old writ]s4 ,inde$1 9 ! ,middle ,ages1 ! de/ruction ( a wild bo> rank$ among ! de$s ( *ivalry1#cfd & won = a w>rior almo/ z mu* r5[n z ! slay+ an enemy 9 ! op5 field4 ,s dang]\s1 too1 0 bo>-hunt+ consid]$1 t ,%akespe>e repres5ts ,v5us z dissuad+ ,adonis f ! p]il\s practice3 ',o be advis$6 ?\ "k'/ n :at x is1 ,) javel9's po9t a *urli% sw9e to gore1 ,^: tu%es nev] %ea!d he :ette? /ill1 ,l to a mortal but*]1 b5t to kill4 99 99 99 99 99 ,8 brawny sides1 ) hairy bri/les arm'd1 ,are bett] pro( ?an ?y spe>'s po9t c ent]2 ,8 %ort ?ick neck _c be easily h>m'd2 ,be+ ireful1 on ! lion he w v5ture4' #cfd ,*amb]s's ,book ( ,days1 #ahfd1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #eah1 #eai4 ,su* hunt+ exp$itions 7 g5]ally fatal to "s ( ! dogs1 & occasionally to "o or m ( ! hunt]s4 ,an old tradition ( ,grimsby1 9 ,l9coln%ire1#cfe ass]ts t e burgess1 at 8 admission to ! fre$om ( ! bor\gh1 anci5tly pres5t$ to ! mayor a bo>'s head1 or an equival5t 9 money1 :5 ! animal c\ld n be procur$4 ,! old seal ( ! mayor ( ,grimsby repres5ts a bo> hunt4 ,! "l1 too1 ( ! adjac5t manor ( ,bradley1 0 oblig$ by 8 t5ure to keep a supply ( ^! animals 9 8 wood1 = ! ent]ta9m5t ( ! mayor & burgesses4#cff ,a curi\s tri5nial cu/om call$ ! ,rhyne ,toll1 is obs]v$ at ,*etwode1 a small village ab\t five miles f ,buck+ham4#cfg ,accord+ to tradition1 x orig9at$ 9 ! de/ruction ( an enorm\s wild bo>--! t]ror ( ! surr\nd+ c\nty--by "o ( ! lords ( ,*etwode2 :o1 aft] fight+ ) x = f\r h\rs on a hot summ]'s day1 ev5tually kill$ x3 ,!n ,sir ,ryalas he draw$ 8 broad sword ) might1 ,w9d well ?y horn1 good hunt]2 ,& he fairly cut ! bo>'s head (f q1 ,= he 0 a jovial hunt]4 #cfe ,hampson's ,o,evi ,m$ii ,kal5d>ium1 vol4 i4 p4 #if4 #cff ,see ,g5tleman's ,magaz9e1 vol4 xcviii4 pp4 #dja1 #djb4 #cfg ,see ,book ( ,days1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #eag-eai4 ,z a rew>d1 x is said1 ! k+ grant$ to him & to 8 heirs =ev]1 among o!r immunities & privileges1 ! full "r to levy e ye> ! ,rhyne ,toll4 ,?is is /ill kept up1 & consi/s ( a ye>ly tax on all cattle f\nd )9 ! manor ( ,*etwode betwe5 ! #cj? ( ,octob] & ! #g? ( ,novemb]1 inclusive4 ,9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7iv4 #ac7 ,cleopatra alludes to ! fam\s bo> kill$ by ,meleag]1 ! bo> ( ,!ssaly ,0 nev] s emboss'd4#cfh #cfh ,emboss$ is a hunt+ t]m1 prop]ly appli$ to a de] :5 foam+ at ! m\? f fatigue1 see p4 #agi2 also ,dyce's ,gloss>y to ,%akespe>e1 p4 #adb2 see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #bge4 ,bull4 ,once ^u a "t !re 0 sc>cely a t[n or village ( any magnitude :i* _h n its bull-r+4#cfi ,inde$1 x 0 n until ! ye> #ahce t bait+ 0 f9ally put d[n by an act ( ,p>liam5t1 =bidd+ ! keep+ ( any h\se1 pit1 or o!r place = bait+ or fight+ any bull1 be>1 dog1 or o!r animal2 &1 aft] an exi/5ce ( at lea/ sev5 c5turies1 ?is ceas$ to rank among ! amusem5ts ( ! ,engli% p4#cgj ,?is sport is allud$ to 9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7v4 #e71 ,rememb]1 ,jove1 ?\ wa/ a bull = ?y ,europa4 ,we may1 too1 comp>e ! expressions 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7v4 #g71 ,n[1 bull1 n[1 dog6444 ,! bull has ! game4#cga #cfi ,wright's ,dome/ic ,mann]s1 p4 #cjd2 see ,/rutt's ,sports & ,pa/imes2 ,smi?'s ,fe/ivals1 ,games1 & ,amusem5ts1 #ahca1 pp4 #aib-bbi4 #cgj ,book ( ,days1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ei4 #cga ,cf4 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 ii4 #b1 ! t[n-bull4 ,cat4 ,few animals1 9 times pa/1 h be5 m e/eem$ ?an ! cat1 or be5 honor$ ) a wid] folk-lore4 ,inde$1 among ! ,egyptians ?is favor$ animal 0 held sacr$ to ,isis1 or ! moon1 & wor%ipp$ ) great c]emony4 ,9 ! my?ology ( all ! ,indo-,european nations ! cat holds a prom95t place2 & its connection ) wit*es is well kn[n4 ,! picture ( a wit*1 says ,mr4 ,h5d]son1#cgb is incomplete )\t h] cat1 by rights a black "o4 ,9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #a7 ! fir/ wit* says3 ,?rice ! br9d$ cat ha? mew'd-- x be+ a common sup]/ition t ! =m mo/ g5]ally assum$ by ! famili> spirits ( wit*es 0 ! cat4 ,?us1 9 ano!r passage ( ! same play 7i4 #a71 ! fir/ wit* says3 ,i come1 ,graymalk9--! ^w o!rwise spell$ ,grimalk91#cgc mean+ a gray cat4 ,num]\s /ories are on record ( wit*es hav+ disguis$ !mselves z cats1 9 ord] to c>ry out _! fi5di% designs4 ,a woodman out work+ 9 ! =e/ has 8 d9n] e day /ol5 by a cat4 ,exasp]at$ at ! cont9u$ repetition ( ! !ft1 he lies 9 wait = ! aggressor1 & succe$s 9 cutt+ (f h] paw1 :5 lo6 on 8 return home he f9ds 8 wife m9us a h&4#cgd ,an hone/ ,york%ireman1#cge :o br$ pigs1 (t5 lo/ ! "y ones4 ,on apply+ to a c]ta9 wise man ( ,/okesley1 he 0 in=m$ t !y 7 bewit*$ by an old woman :o liv$ ne>4 ,! own] ( ! pigs1 call+ to m9d t he _h (t5 se5 a cat pr[l+ ab\t 8 y>d1 decid$ t ?is 0 ! old woman 9 disguise4 ,he wat*$ = h]1 &1 z soon z %e made h] appe>ance1 flung at h] a pok] ) all 8 might4 ,! cat disappe>$1 &1 curi\sly en\gh1 ! poor old woman 9 "q t night fell & broke h] leg4 ,?is 0 consid]$ z conclusive t %e 0 ! wit* t _h simulat$ ! =m ( a cat4 ,?is notion is v preval5t on ! ,cont95t4 ,x is said t wit*-cats h a great hank]+ aft] be]4#cgf ,wit*es are adepts 9 ! art ( brew+1 & !re=e fond ( ta/+ :at _! neighbors brew4 ,on ^! occasions !y always masqu]ade z cats1 & :at !y /eal !y consume on ! spot4 ,!re 0 a c\ntryman ^: be] 0 all drunk up by night :5ev] he brew$1 s t at la/ he resolv$ = once to sit up all night & wat*4 ,z he 0 /&+ by 8 brew+ pan1 a numb] ( cats made _! appe>ance1 & call+ to !m1 he said2 ,come1 puss1 puss1 come1 w>m y a bit4 ,s 9 a r+ !y all sat r\nd ! fire z if to w>m !mselves4 ,aft] a "t1 he ask$ !m if ! wat] 0 hot4 ,j on ! boil1 said !y2 & z he spoke he dipp$ 8 long-h&l$ pail 9 ! wort1 & s\s$ ! :ole company ) x4 ,!y all vani%$ at once1 b on ! foll[+ day 8 wife _h a t]ribly scald$ face1 & !n he knew :o x 0 t _h always drunk 8 be]4 ,?is /ory is widely preval5t1 & is curr5t among ! ,flemi%-speak+ natives ( ,belgium4 ,aga91 a ,nor? ,g]man tradition#cgg tells u ( a peasant :o _h ?ree beautiful l>ge cats4 ,a neighbor begg$ to h "o ( !m1 & obta9$ x4 ,to accu/om x to ! place1 he %ut x up 9 ! l(t4 ,at night1 ! cat1 popp+ its head ?r\gh ! w9d[1 said1 ,:at %all ,i br+ to-night8 ,?\ %alt br+ mice1 answ]$ ! man4 ,! cat !n set to "w1 & ca/ all x caught on ! floor4 ,next morn+ ! place 0 s full ( dead mice t x 0 h>dly possible to op5 ! door1 & ! man 0 employ$ ! :ole day 9 ?r[+ !m away by bu%els4 ,at night ! cat aga9 ask$1 ,:at %all ,i br+ to-night8 ,?\ %alt br+ rye1 answ]$ ! peasant4 ,! cat 0 n[ busily employ$ 9 %oot+ d[n rye1 s t 9 ! morn+ ! door c\ld n be op5$4 ,! man !n discov]$ t ! cat 0 a wit*1 & c>ri$ x back to 8 neighbor4 ,a simil> tradition occurs 9 ,sc&9avian my?ology4#cgh ,sprang]#cgi relates t a labor]1 on "o occasion1 0 attack$ by ?ree "y ladies 9 ! =m ( cats1 & t !y 7 w\nd$ by him4 ,on ! foll[+ day !y 7 f\nd ble$+ 9 _! b$s4 ,9 ,v]non1#chj ab\t ! ye> #aeff1 ! wit*es & w>locks ga!r$ 9 great multitudes "u ! %ape ( cats4 ,f\r or five m5 7 attack$ 9 a lone place by a numb] ( ^! bea/s4 ,! m5 /ood _! gr\nd1 & succe$$ 9 slay+ "o cat & w\nd+ _m o!rs4 ,next day a numb] ( w\nd$ wom5 7 f\nd 9 ! t[n1 & !y gave ! judge an accurate acc\nt ( all ! circum/ances connect$ ) _! w\nd+4 ,x is only natural1 !n1 t ,%akespe>e1 9 8 description ( ! wit*es 9 ,macbe?1 %\ld h associat$ !m ) ! popul> sup]/ition :i* repres5ts ! cat z _! ag5t--a notion t no d\bt orig9at$ 9 ! classic /ory ( ,galan?is be+ turn$ into a cat1 & becom+1 ?r\gh ! compassion ( ,hecate1 h] prie/ess4 ,f _! suppos$ connection ) wit*craft1 cats 7 =m]ly (t5 torm5t$ by ! ignorant vulg>4 ,?us x appe>s#cha t1 9 days gone by1 !y 7occasionally fictiti\s ones7 7 hung up 9 baskets & %ot at ) arr[s4 ,9 "s c\nties1 too1 !y 7 enclos$1 ) a quantity ( soot1 9 wood5 bottles susp5d$ on a l9e1 & he :o c\ld beat out ! bottom ( ! bottle z he ran "u x1 & yet escape its cont5ts1 0 ! h]o ( ! sport4#chb ,%akespe>e alludes to ?is practice 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7i4 #a71 :]e ,b5$ick says3 ,hang me 9 a bottle l a cat1 & %oot at me4 #cgb ,folk-,lore ( ,nor!rn ,c\nties1 p4 #bfg2 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 p4 #g4 #cgc ,malk9 is a dim9utive ( ,m>y2 ,mauk91 ! same ^w1 is /ill us$ 9 ,scotl& = a h>e4 ,notes to ,macbe?1 by ,cl>k & ,wright1 #ahgg1 p4 #ge4 #cgd ,/]nb]g's ,dialect & ,folk-,lore ( ,nor?ampton%ire1 #ahea1 p4 #adh4 #cge ,h5d]son's ,folk-,lore ( ,nor!rn ,c\nties #ahgi1 p4 #bjf4 #cgf ,kelly's ,indo-,european ,folk-,lore1 #ahfc1 p4 #bch4 #cgg ,?orpe's ,nor!rn ,my?ology1 #ahea1 vol4 iii4 p4 #cb4 #cgh ,ibid41 vol4 ii4 p4 #cb2 vol4 iii4 pp4 #bf-bcf4 #cgi ,see ,b>+-,g\ld's ,book ( ,w]ewolves1 #ahfi1 p4 #fe4 #chj ,ibid41 p4 #ff4 #cha ,dyce's ,gloss>y to ,%akespe>e1 p4 #gj4 #chb ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 p4 #ci2 also ,wright's ,essays on ! ,sup]/itions ( ! ,middle ,ages1 #ahdf4 ,p]cy1 9 8 ,reliques ( ,anci5t ,engli% ,poetry 7#agid1 vol4 i4 p4 #aee71 says3 ,x is /ill a div]sion 9 ,scotl& to hang up a cat 9 a small cask or firk91 half fill$ ) soot2 & !n a p>cel ( cl[ns on horseback try to beat out ! ends ( x1 9 ord] to %[ _! dext]ity 9 escap+ be=e ! cont5ts fall ^u !m4 ,?is practice 0 once kept up at ,kelso1 9 ,scotl&1 accord+ to ,eb5ez] ,laz>us1 :o1 9 8 ,description ( ,kelso 7#aghi1 p4 #add71 has giv5 a graphic description ( ! :ole c]emony4 ,he says1 ,?is is a sport :i* 0 common 9 ! la/ c5tury at ,kelso on ! ,twe$4 ,a l>ge conc\rse ( m51 wom51 & *ildr5 assembl$ 9 a field ab\t half a mile f ! t[n1 & a cat hav+ be5 put into a b>rel /uff$ full ( soot1 0 susp5d$ on a crossbeam betwe5 two high poles4 ,a c]ta9 numb] ( ! :ipm51 or husb&m51 :o took "p 9 ?is savage & unmanly amusem5t1 !n kept /rik+1 z !y rode to & fro on horseback1 ! b>rel 9 :i* ! un=tunate animal 0 conf9$1 until at la/1 "u ! heavy bl[s ( _! clubs & mallets1 x broke1 & all[$ ! cat to drop4 ,! victim 0 !n seiz$ & tortur$ to dea?4 ,he ju/ly /igmatizes x1 say+3 ,! cat 9 ! b>rel exhibits su* a f>ce1 ,t he :o c reli% x is worse ?an an ass4 ,cats1 f _! great p[]s ( resi/ance1 are said to h n9e lives2#chc h5ce ,m]cutio1 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iii4 #a71 says3 ,good k+ ( cats1 no?+ b "o ( y\r n9e lives4 ,b5 ,jonson1 9 ,e ,man 9 ,8 ,hum\r 7iii4 #b71 makes ,edw>d ,kn[ell say to ,bobadil1 ',twas pity y _h n t52 a cat's & y\r own4 ,& 9 ,gay's fable ( ! ,old ,woman & h] ,cats1 "o ( ^! animals is introduc$1 upbraid+ ! wit*3 ',tis infamy to s]ve a hag1 ,cats are ?\ght imps1 h] broom a nag2 ,& boys aga9/ our lives comb9e1 ,because 'tis said1 y\r cats h n9e4 #chc ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 vol4 iii4 p4 #db4 ,9 ,m>/on's ,dut* ,c\rtezan we read3 ,:y !n1 ?\ ha/ n9e lives l a cat4 ,& 9 ,dekk]'s ,/range ,horse-,race 7#afac73 ,:5 ! gr& ,helcat _h gott5 ^! two furies ) n9e lives4 ,?is notion1 x may be not$1 is q ! rev]se ( ! well-kn[n say+1 ,c>e w kill a cat1 m5tion$ 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7v4 #a71 :]e ,claudio says3 ,:at ?\gh c>e kill$ a cat4 ,= "s undiscov]$ reason a cat 0 =m]ly call$ ,tyb]t or ,tybalt2#chd h5ce "s ( ! insult+ rem>ks ( ,m]cutio1 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iii4 #a71 :o calls ,tybalt rat-cat*] & k+ ( cats4 ,9 ! old romance ( ,hy/orye ( ,reyn>d ! ,foxe 7*ap4 vi471 we are told h[ ! k+ call$ = ,sir ,tib]t1 ! cat1 & said to him1 ,sir ,tib]t1 y %all g to ,reyn>d1 & summon him ! second "t4#che ,a popul> t]m = a wild cat 0 cat-o'-m\nta91 an expression#chf borr[$ f ! ,spani>ds1 :o call ! wild cat gato-montes4 ,9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7ii4 #b71 ,fal/aff says ( ,pi/ol1 ,y\r cat-a-m\nta9 looks4 #chd ,dyce's ,gloss>y to ,%akespe>e1 p4 #dff4 #che ,f ,tib]t1 ,tib 0 also a common "n = a cat4 #chf ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 p4 #da4 ,! ^w cat 0 us$ z a t]m ( contempt1 z 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7ii4 #a7 & ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7iii4 #b71 :]e ,lys&] says1 ,hang (f1 ?\ cat4 ,once m1 too1 9 ,coriolanus 7iv4 #b71 we f9d x 9 ! same s5se3 ',twas y inc5s$ ! rabble2 ,cats1 t c judge z fitly ( 8 wor?1 ,z ,i c ( ^? my/]ies :i* heav5 ,w n h e>? to "k4 ,a gib1 or a gib cat1 is an old male cat#chg--;gib be+ ! contraction ( ,gilb]t1#chh & is1 says ,n>es1 an expression exactly analog\s to t ( jackass4#chi ,tom-cat is n[ ! usual t]m4 ,! ^w 0 c]ta9ly n be/[$ ^u a cat e>ly 9 life1 z is evid5t f ! melan*oly "* ascrib$ to x 9 ,%akespe>e's allusion 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #b73 ,i am z melan*oly z a gib cat4 ,ray gives z melan*oly z a gib'd a corruption ( gib cat4 ,! t]m occurs aga9 9 ,hamlet 7iii4 #d74 ,x is improp]ly appli$ to a female by ,beaumont & ,flet*]1 9 ! ,scornful ,lady 7v4 #a73 ,br+ out ! cat-h\nds6 ,i'll make y take a tree1 :ore2 !n ) my till] br+ d[n y\r gib-%ip1 & !n h y cas$ & hung up 9 ! w>r54 #chg ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #ahc4 #chh ,a gibbe 7an old male cat71 ,mac\1 ,cotgrave's ,fr5* & ,engli% ,diction>y4 #chi ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #cfj4 ,*ameleon4 ,?is animal 0 popul>ly believ$ to fe$ on air1 a notion :i* ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne#cij has c>efully discuss$4 ,he has assign$1 among o!r gr\nds = ?is vulg> op9ion1 its p[] ( ab/95ce1 & its faculty ( self-inflation4 ,x lives on insects1 :i* x cat*es by its long1 gluey tongue1 & cru%es betwe5 its jaws4 ,x has be5 asc]ta9$ by c>eful exp]im5t t ! *ameleon c live )\t eat+ = f\r mon?s4 ,x c inflate n only its lungs1 b its :ole body1 includ+ ev5 ! feet & tail4 ,9 allusion to ?is suppos$ *>act]i/ic1 ,%akespe>e makes ,hamlet say 7iii4 #b71 ,( ! *ameleon's di%3 ,i eat ! air1 promise-cramm$2 y _c fe$ capons s2 & 9 ! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7ii4 #a7 ,spe$ says3 ,?\gh ! *ameleon1 ,love1 c fe$ on ! air1 ,i am "o t am n\ri%$ by my victuals1 & w\ld fa9 h meat4 ,!re is1 too1 a popul> notion t ?is animal und]goes frequ5t *anges ( color1 accord+ to t ( ! bodies ne> x4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 dep5ds on ! volition ( ! animal1 or ! /ate ( its feel+s1 on its good or bad heal?1 & is subord9ate to climate1 age1 & sex4#cia ,9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #b7 ,glo/] boa/s3 ,i c add col\rs to ! *ameleon1 ,*ange %apes1 ) ,proteus1 = advantages4 #cij ,vulg> ,errors1 bk4 iii4 p4 #ba1 #aheb2 bk4 i4 p4 #cba1 note4 #cia ,ovid 7,metamorphoses1 bk4 xv4 l4 #daa7 speaks ( its *anges ( color4 ,cockatrice4 ,?is imag9>y creature1 also call$ a basilisk1 has be5 ! subject ( extraord9>y prejudice4 ,x 0 absurdly said to proce$ f ! eggs ( old cocks4 ,x has be5 repres5t$ z hav+ eight feet1 a cr[n on ! head1 & a hook$ & recurv$ beak4#cib ,pl9y ass]ts t ! basilisk _h a voice s t]rible t x /ruck t]ror into all o!r species4 ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne1#cic h[ev]1 di/+ui%es ! cockatrice f ! anci5t basilisk4 ,he says1 ,?is ( ours is g5]ally describ$ ) legs1 w+s1 a s]p5t9e & w9d+ tail1 & a cre/ or comb some:at l a cock4 ,b ! basilisk ( eld] times 0 a prop] k9d ( s]p5t1 n above ?ree palms long1 z "s acc\nt2 & diff]5t f o!r s]p5ts by advanc+ 8 head & "s :ite m>ks1 or coron>y spots ^u ! cr[n1 z all au!ntic writ]s h deliv]$4 ,no o!r animal1 p]haps1 has giv5 rise to s _m fabul\s notions4 ,?us1 x 0 suppos$ to h s deadly an eye z to kill by its v look1 to :i* ,%akespe>e (t5 alludes4 ,9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iii4 #b71 ,juliet says3 say ?\ b ',i1' ,& t b>e v[el1 ',i1' %all poison m ,?an ! dea?-d>t+ eye ( cockatrice4 #cib ,cuvi]'s ,animal ,k+dom1 #ahca1 vol4 ix4 p4 #bbf4 #cic ,vulg> ,errors1 bk4 iii4 p4 #g4 ,9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7iv4 #a7 ! ,du*ess exclaims3 ,o my accurs$ womb1 ! b$ ( dea?6 ,a cockatrice ha/ ?\ hat*'d to ! _w1 ,^: unavoid$ eye is murd]\s6 ,9 ,lucrece 7l4 #edj7 we read3 ,"h ) a cockatrice' dead-kill+ eye ,he r\se? up himself1 & makes a pause4 ,once m1#cid 9 ,twelf? ,night 7iii4 #d71 ,sir ,toby ,bel* affirms3 ,?is w s fright !m bo? t !y w kill "o ano!r by ! look1 l cockatrices4 ,x has also be5 affirm$ t ?is animal c\ld n ex]cise ?is faculty unless x fir/ p]ceiv$ ! object ( its v5geance2 if fir/ se51 x di$4 ,dryd5 has allud$ to ?is sup]/ition3 ,mis*iefs are l ! cockatrice's eye1 ,if !y see fir/ !y kill1 if se51 !y die4 #cid ,see ,cymbel9e1 ii4 #d2 ,w9t]'s ,tale1 i4 #b4 ,cockatrice 0 a popul> phrase = a loose woman1 probably f ! fasc9ation ( ! eye4#cie ,x appe>s1 too1 t basilisk#cif 0 ! "n ( a huge piece ( ordnance c>ry+ a ball ( v great weight4 ,9 ! foll[+ passage 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7v4 #b71 !re is no d\bt a d\ble allusion--to pieces ( ordnance1 & to ! fabul\s creature already describ$3 ,! fatal balls ( murd]+ basilisks4 #cie ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p #agc4 #cif ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #bi2 see #a ,h5ry ,,iv41 ii4 #c1 ( basilisks1 ( cannon1 culv]94 ,colt4 ,f its wild tricks ! colt 0 =m]ly us$ to designate1 accord+ to ,johnson1 a witless1 heady1 gay y\ng/]4 ,portia m5tions x ) a quibble 9 ,! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7i4 #b71 ref]r+ to ! ,neapolitan pr9ce4 ,ay1 t's a colt1 inde$4 ,! t]m to colt meant to trick1 or befool2 z 9 ! phrase 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #b73 ,:at a plague mean ye to colt me ?us8 ,mr4 ,halliwell-,phillipps#cig expla9s ! expression 9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7i4 #c71 ,y\r colt's too? is n ca/ yet1 to d5ote a love ( y\?ful pleasure4 ,9 ,cymbel9e 7ii4 #d7 x is us$ 9 a co>s] s5se3 ,%e ha? be5 colt$ by him4 #cig ,h&book ,index to ,%akespe>e4 ,crocodile4 ,accord+ to fabul\s acc\nts ! crocodile 0 ! mo/ deceitful ( animals2 its te>s be+ prov]bially fallaci\s4 ,?us ,o!llo 7iv4 #a7 says3 ,o devil1 devil6 ,if t ! e>? c\ld teem ) woman's te>s1 ,ea* drop %e falls w\ld prove a crocodile4-- ,out ( my sight6 ,we may also comp>e ! words ( ! que5 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #a73 ,h5ry my "l is cold 9 great affairs1 ,too full ( fooli% pity2 & ,glo/]'s %[ ,beguiles him1 z ! m\rnful crocodile ,) sorr[ sn>es rel5t+ pass5g]s4 ,x is said t ?is trea*]\s animal weeps ov] a man's head :5 x has dev\r$ ! body1 & w !n eat up ! head too4 ,9 ,bullok>'s ,expositor1 #afaf1 we read3 ,crocodile la*rym1 crocodiles te>es1 d signify su* te>es z are feign$1 & sp5t only ) int5t to deceive or d h>m4 ,9 ,qu>les's ,emblems !re is ! foll[+ allusion3 ,o :at a crocodilian _w is ?is1 ,compos'd ( trea*ries & ensn>+ wiles6 ,%e cloa?s de/ruction 9 a =mal kiss1 ,& lodges dea? 9 h] deceitful smiles4 ,9 ! above passage f ,o!llo1 ,s+] says !re is1 no d\bt1 a ref]5ce to ! doctr9e ( equivocal g5]ation1 by :i* new animals 7 suppos$ to be producible by new comb9ations ( matt]4#cih #cih ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 #ahge1 vol4 x4 p4 #aah4 ,de]4 ,9 ,k+ ,le> 7iii4 #d7 ,edg> uses de] = wild animals 9 g5]al3 ,b mice1 & rats1 & su* small de]1 ,h be5 ,tom's food = sev5 long ye>4 ,%akespe>e frequ5tly ref]s to ! popul> sport ( hunt+ ! de]2#cii & by 8 apt allusions %[s h[ ?or\ghly famili> he 0 ) ! v>i\s amusem5ts ( 8 day4#djj ,9 ,w9t]'s ,tale 7i4 #b7 ,leontes speaks ( ! mort o' ! de]3 c]ta9 notes play$ on ! horn at ! dea? ( ! de]1 & requir+ a deep-drawn brea?4#dja ,x 0 anci5tly1 too1 "o ( ! cu/oms ( ! *ase = all to /a9 _! h&s 9 ! blood ( ! de] z a trophy4 ,?us1 9 ,k+ ,john 7ii4 #a71 ! ,engli% h]ald decl>es to ! m5 ( ,angi]s h[ l a jolly troop ( huntsm51 come ,our lu/y ,engli%1 all ) purpl$ h&s1 ,dy$ 9 ! dy+ slaught] ( _! foes4 #cii ,see ,/rutt's ,sports & ,pa/imes1 #ahgf1 pp4 #ff1 #ge1 #gi1 #hj1 #aac1 #aag4 #djj ,see ,z ,y ,l ,x1 iv4 #b2 ,all's ,well ,t ,ends ,well1 v4 #b2 ,macbe?1 iv4 #c2 #a ,h5ry ,,iv41 v4 #d2 #a ,h5ry ,,vi41 iv4 #b2 #b ,h5ry ,,vi41 v4 #b2 ,titus ,&ronicus1 iii4 #a1 etc4 #dja ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 viii4 p4 #dba ,! practice is aga9 allud$ to 9 ,julius ,cs> 7iii4 #a73 "h ?y hunt]s /&1 ,sign'd 9 ?y spoil1 & crimson'd 9 ?y le!4 ,old ,turb]vile gives u ! details ( ?is cu/om3 ,our ord] is1 t ! pr9ce1 or *ief1 if s please !m1 d alight1 & take assay ( ! de]1 ) a %>p knife1 ! :i* is done 9 ?is mann]--! de] be+ laid ^u 8 back1 ! pr9ce1 *ief1 or su* z !y d appo9t1 comes to x1 & ! *ief huntsman1 kneel+ if x be a pr9ce1 do? hold ! de] by ! =efoot1 :il/ ! pr9ce1 or *ief1 d cut a slit drawn along ! brisket ( ! de]4 ,9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7v4 #b71 :]e ,cs>1 speak+ ( ,cleopatra's dea?1 says3 brave/ at ! la/1 ,%e levell'd at our purposes1 &1 be+ royal1 ,took h] own way-- !re is possibly an allusion to ! h>t royal1 :i* _h ! privilege ( roam+ unmole/$1 & ( tak+ its own way to its lair4 ,%oot+ ) ! cross-b[ at de] 0 an amusem5t ( great ladies4 ,build+s ) flat ro(s1 call$ /&s1 p>tly conceal$ by bu%es1 7 erect$ 9 ! p>ks = ! purpose4 ,h5ce ! foll[+ dialogue 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7iv4 #a73 ,pr9cess4 ,!n =e/]1 my fri5d1 :]e is ! bu% ,t we mu/ /& & play ! murd]] 98 ,=e/]4 ,h]eby1 ^u ! edge ( yond] coppice2 ,a /& :]e y may make ! faire/ %oot4 ,among ! hunt+ t]ms to :i* ,%akespe>e ref]s may be m5tion$ ! foll[+3 ,to draw meant to trace ! /eps ( ! game1 z 9 ,com$y ( ,errors 7iv4 #b73 ,a h\nd t runs c\nt]1 & yet draws dry-foot well4 ,! t]m to run c\nt] 0 to mi/ake ! c\rse ( ! game1 or to turn & pursue ! backw>d trail4 ,! re*eat d5ot$ c]ta9 notes s\nd$ on ! horn1 prop]ly & m usually employ$ to recall ! dogs f a wrong sc5t4 ,x is us$ 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7i4 #a73 ,i w h a re*eat w9d$ 9 my =ehead4 ,we may comp>e ,drayton's ,polyolbion 7xiii473 ,re*eat+ ) 8 horn1 :i* !n ! hunt] *e]s4 ,! phrase to recov] ! w9d ( me1 us$ by ,hamlet 7iii4 #b71 is borr[$ f hunt+1 & means to get ! animal pursu$ to run ) ! w9d1 t x may n sc5t ! toil or its pursu]s4 ,aga91 :5 ,fal/aff1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d71 speaks ( fat rascals1 he alludes to ! phrase ( ! =e/--rascall1 says ,putt5ham1 be+ prop]ly ! hunt+ t]m giv5 to a "y de] leane & out ( season4 ,! phrase a hunts-up impli$ any song int5d$ to ar\se 9 ! morn+--ev5 a love song--! "n hav+ be5 d]iv$ f a tune or song employ$ by e>ly hunt]s4#djb ,! t]m occurs 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iii4 #e71 :]e ,juliet says to ,romeo1 speak+ ( ! l>k3 ,s9ce arm f arm t voice do? u affray1 ,hunt+ !e h5ce ) hunts-up to ! day4 #djb ,*appell's ,popul> ,music ( ! ,old5 ,"t1 #b;d ed4 vol4 i4 p4 #fa2 see ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #dcb2 see1 too1 ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #ddj4 ,9 ,drayton's ,polyolbion 7xiii47 x is us$3 ,no soon] do? ! e>? h] fl[]y bosom brave1 ,at su* "t z ! ye> br+s on ! pleasant spr+1 ,b hunts-up to ! morn ! fea!r'd sylvans s+4 ,9 ,%akespe>e's day x 0 cu/om>y to hunt z well aft] d9n] z be=e1 h5ce1 9 ,timon ( ,a!ns 7ii4 #b71 ,timon says3 ,s soon z d9n]'s done1 we'll =? aga94 ,! ^w emboss$ 0 appli$ to a de] :5 foam+ at ! m\? f fatigue4 ,9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7,ind4 sc5e #a7 we read3 ! poor cur is emboss$1 & 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7iv4 #ac73 ! bo> ( ,!ssaly ,0 nev] s emboss'd4 ,x 0 usual to call a pack ( h\nds a cry1 f ! ,fr5* meute de *i5s4 ,! t]m is humor\sly appli$ to any troop or company ( play]s1 z by ,hamlet 7iii4 #b71 :o speaks ( a fell[%ip 9 a cry ( play]s4 ,9 ,coriolanus 7iv4 #f7 ,m55ius says1 ,y h made ,good "w1 y & y\r cry4 ,antony1 9 ,julius ,cs> 7iii4 #a71 alludes to ! te*nical phrase to let slip a dog1 employ$ 9 hunt+ ! h>t4 ,?is consi/$ 9 releas+ ! h\nds f ! lea% or slip ( lea!r by :i* !y 7 held 9 h& until x 0 judg$ prop] to let !m pursue ! animal *as$4#djc ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #c7 ,nor?umb]l& tells ,hotspur3 ,be=e ! game's afoot1 ?\ /ill let'/ slip4 #djc ,see ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #dja4 ,9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7v4 #b7 ,tranio says3 ,o1 sir1 ,luc5tio slipp'd me l 8 greyh\nd1 ,:i* runs himself1 & cat*es = 8 ma/]4 ,a sportsman's say+1 appli$ to h\nds1 occurs 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7v4 #c73 a' w n out2 he is true br$1 s]v+ to exp\nd ,gad%ill's expression1 su* z c hold 91 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #a74 ,! sev]ity ( ! game laws "u our e>ly mon>*s 0 v /r+5t2 & a clause 9 ! ,=e/ ,*>t]#djd grants to an ar*bi%op1 bi%op1 e>l1 or b>on1 :5 travell+ ?r\gh ! royal =e/s1 at ! k+'s comm&1 ! privilege to kill "o de] or two 9 ! sight ( ! =e/]1 if he 0 at h&2 if n1 !y 7 comm&$ to cause a horn to be s\nd$1 t x might n appe> z if !y _h int5d$ to /eal ! game4 ,9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7v4 #e71 ,fal/aff1 us+ ! t]ms ( ! =e/1 alludes to ! p]quisites ( ! keep]4 ,?us he speaks ( ! %\ld]s = ! fell[ ( ?is walk1 i4 e41 ! keep]4 #djd ,see ,/rutt's ,sports & ,pa/imes1 #ahgf1 p4 #fe4 ,%akespe>e has sev]al pretty allusions to ! te>s ( ! de]1 ?is animal be+ said to possess a v l>ge secretion ( te>s4 ,?us ,hamlet 7iii4 #b7 says3 let ! /ruck5 de] g weep2 & 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7ii4 #a7 we read ( ! sobb+ de]1 & 9 ! same sc5e ! fir/ "l n>rates h[1 at a c]ta9 spot1 a poor seque/]'d /ag ,t f ! hunt]'s aim _h ta'en a hurt ,did come to langui%2 444 444 & ! big r\nd te>s ,c\rs$ "o ano!r d[n 8 innoc5t nose ,9 pite\s *ase4 ,b>?olomu#dje says1 t :5 ! h>t is ar]$1 he flee! to a ryv] or ponde1 & rore? crye? & wepe? :5 he is take4#djf ,x appe>s t !re 7 v>i\s sup]/itions connect$ ) ! te>s ( ! de]4 ,batman#djg tells u t :5 ! h>t is sick1 & ha? eat5 _m s]p5ts = 8 recov]ie1 he is br\ght unto s great a heate t he ha/e? to ! wat]1 & !re cov]e? 8 body unto ! v e>es & eyes1 at :i* "t di/ille? _m te>s f :i* ! ,bezo> /one is g5d]$4#djh ,d\ce#dji quotes ! foll[+ passage f ! ,noble ,art ( ,v5]ie1 9 :i* ! h>t ?us addresses ! hunt]3 ,o cruell1 be cont5t1 to take 9 wor? my te>s1 ,:i* gr[e to gumme1 & fall f me3 cont5t !e ) my he>es1 ,cont5t !e ) my hornes1 :i* e ye> ,i new1 ,s9ce all ^! ?ree make m$ic9es1 "s sickness to es*ew4 ,my te>s congeal'd to gumme1 by peeces f me fall1 ,& !e pres]ve f pe/il5ce1 9 pom&] or ball4 ,su* :olesome te>s %$de ,i1 :5 ?\ pursewe/ me s4 #dje ,de ,proprietate ,r]um1 lib4 xviii4 c4 #cj4 #djf ,cf4 ,v]gil's description ( ! w\nd$ /ag 9 neid1 bk4 vii4 #djg ,comm5t>y on ,b>?olomu's ,de ,proprietate ,r]um4 #djh ,! drops :i* fall f _! eyes are n te>s f ! la*rymal gl&s1 b an oily secretion f ! inn] angle ( ! eye close to ! nose4--,brew]'s ,diction>y ( ,phrase & ,fable1 p4 #bag4 #dji ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #ahc4 ,dog4 ,z ! favorite ( our dome/ic animals1 ! dog n unnaturally possesses an ext5sive hi/ory1 besides ent]+ l>gely into ^? sup]/itions :i*1 m or less1 are associat$ ) e /age ( human life4 ,x is n surpris+1 !re=e1 t ,%akespe>e frequ5tly speaks ( ! dog1 mak+ x ! subject ( _m ( 8 illu/rations4 ,?us he has n omitt$ to m5tion ! fatal significance ( its h[l1 :i* is suppos$ ei!r to =etell dea? or mis=tune4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #d7 he makes ,bol+broke say3 ,! "t :5 scree*-owls cry1 & ban-dogs h[l1#daj ,& spirits walk1 & gho/s break up _! graves4 #daj ,^! dogs 7 kept = bait+ be>s1 :5 t amusem5t 0 9 vogue1 & f _! t]rific h[l+ !y are occasionally introduc$ to height5 ! horror ( ! picture4 ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #ej4 ,&1 aga91 9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7v4 #f71 ,k+ ,h5ry1 speak+ ( ,glo/]1 says3 ,! owl %riek'd at ?y bir?1--an evil sign2 ,! night-cr[ cri$1 abod+ luckless "t2 ,dogs h[l'd1 & hide\s tempe/s %ook d[n trees4 ,! same sup]/ition prevails 9 ,france & ,g]many1#daa & v>i\s *>ms are resort$ to = av]t+ ! ill-consequ5ces suppos$ to atta* to ?is sign ( ill-om54 ,sev]al ( ^!1 too1 are practis$ 9 our own c\ntry4 ,?us1 9 ,/af=d%ire1 :5 a dog h[ls1 ! foll[+ advice is giv53 ,take (f y\r %oe f ! left foot1 & spit ^u ! sole1 place x on ! gr\nd bottom upw>ds1 & y\r foot ^u ! place y sat ^u1 :i* w n only pres]ve y f h>m1 b /op ! h[l+ ( ! dog4#dab ,a simil> rem$y is recomm5d$ 9 ,norfolk3#dac ,pull (f y\r left %oe1 & turn x1 & x w quiet him4 ,a dog won't h[l ?ree times aft]4 ,we are indebt$ to antiquity = ?is sup]/ition1 "s ( ! e>lie/ writ]s ref]r+ to x4 ,?us1 ,pausanias relates h[1 previ\s to ! de/ruction ( ! ,mess5ians1 ! dogs pi]c$ ! air by rais+ a l\d] b>k+ ?an usual2 & x is on record h[1 be=e ! s$ition 9 ,rome1 ab\t ! dictator%ip ( ,pompey1 !re 0 an extraord9>y h[l+ ( dogs4 ,v]gil#dad 7,georgics1 lib4 i4 l4 #dgj71 speak+ ( ! ,roman mis=tunes1 says3 ,obsc5que canes1 importunque volucres ,signa dabant4 #daa ,see ,kelly's ,indo-,european ,folk-,lore1 p4 #aji4 #dab ,h5d]son's ,folk-,lore ( ! ,nor!rn ,c\nties1 p4 #dh4 #dac ,see ,engli% ,folk-,lore1 p4 #aja4 #dad ,see ,h>dwick's ,traditions1 ,sup]/itions1 & ,folk-,lore1 p4 #aga4 ,capitol9us n>rates1 too1 h[ ! dogs1 by _! h[l+1 presag$ ! dea? ( ,maxim9us4 ,! idea :i* associates ! dog's h[l ) ! approa* ( dea? is probably d]iv$ f a conception 9 ,aryan my?ology1 :i* repres5ts a dog z summon+ ! dep>t+ s\l4 ,inde$1 z ,mr4 ,fiske#dae rem>ks1 ,?r\gh\t all ,aryan my?ology1 ! s\ls ( ! dead are suppos$ to ride on ! night-w9d1 ) _! h[l+ dogs1 ga!r+ into _! ?rong ! s\ls ( ^? j dy+ z !y pass by _! h\ses4 #dae ,my?s & ,my?mak]s1 #ahgc1 p4 #cf4 ,ano!r popul> sup]/ition--9 all probability d]iv$ f ! ,egyptians--ref]s to ! sett+ & ris+ ( ,sirius1 or ! dog-/>1 z infus+ madness into ! can9e race4 ,h5ce ! "n ( ! dog-days 0 giv5 by ! ,romans to ! p]iod betwe5 ! #c;d ( ,july & ! #aa? ( ,augu/1 to :i* ,%akespe>e alludes 9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7v4 #c73 ! dog-days n[ reign4 ,we may1 too1 comp>e ! words ( ,b5volio1 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iii4 #a73 ,= n[1 ^! hot days1 is ! mad blood /irr+4 ,x is obvi\s1 h[ev]1 t ?is sup]/ition is utt]ly gr\ndless1 = n only does ! /> v>y 9 its ris+1 b is lat] & lat] e ye>4 ,! t]m dog-day is /ill a common phrase1 & x is difficult to say :e!r x is f sup]/iti\s adh]5ce to old cu/om1 or f a belief 9 ! injuri\s effect ( heat ^u dogs1 t ! magi/rates1 (t5 unwisely1 at ?is season ( ! ye> ord] !m to be muzzl$ or ti$ up4 ,x 0 ! practice to put !m to dea?2 & ,b5 ,jonson1 9 8 ,b>?olomew ,fair1 speaks ( ! dog-kill] 9 ?is mon? ( ,augu/4 ,"l ,bacon1 too1 9 8 ,sylva ,sylv>um1 tells u t x is a common exp]i5ce t dogs "k ! dog-kill]1 :51 z 9 times ( infection1 "s petty fell[ is s5t out to kill !m4 ,al?\gh !y h nev] se5 him be=e1 yet !y w all come =? & b>k & fly at him4 ,a curtal dog1 to :i* allusion is made 9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7ii4 #a71 by ,pi/ol-- ,hope is a curtal dog 9 "s affairs1 d5ot$ orig9ally ! dog ( an unqualifi$ p]son1 :i*1 by ! =e/ laws1 mu/ h its tail cut %ort1 p>tly z a m>k1 & p>tly f a notion t ! tail ( a dog is necess>y to him 9 runn+4 ,9 lat] usage1 curtail dog means ei!r a common dog1 n meant = sport1 or a dog t miss$ ! game1 :i* latt] s5se x has 9 ! passage above4#daf #daf ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #bah4 ,dragon4 ,z ! type & embodim5t ( ! _s ( evil1 ! dragon has be5 made ! subject ( an ext5sive leg5d>y lore4 ,! well-kn[n my? ( ,/4 ,george & ! ,dragon1 :i* may be reg>d$ z a gr& allegory repres5t+ ! hide\s & p[]ful mon/] aga9/ :om ! ,*ri/ian soldi] is call$ to fight1 has ex]cis$ a rem>kable influ5ce = good 9 times pa/1 ov] half-in/ruct$ p4 ,x has be5 truly rem>k$ t ! dulle/ m9d & h>de/ he>t c\ld n fail to le>n f x some?+ ( ! hatefulness ( evil1 ! beauty ( self-sacrifice1 & ! all-conqu]+ might ( tru?4 ,?is graceful conception is allud$ to by ,%akespe>e1 9 8 ,k+ ,john 7ii4 #a71 :]e1 accord+ to a long-e/abli%$ cu/om1 x is made a subject = sign-pa9t+3#dag ,/4 ,george1 t sw+$ ! dragon1 & e'er s9ce1 ,sits on 8 horseback at m9e ho/ess' door1 ,tea* u "s f5ce6 #dag ,= ! v>i\s v]sions ( ?is my? consult ,b>+-,g\ld's ,curi\s ,my?s ( ! ,middle ,ages1 #ahgg1 pp4 #bff-caf4 ,9 anci5t my?ology ! task ( draw+ ! *>iot ( night 0 assign$ to dragons1 on acc\nt ( _! suppos$ wat*fulness4 ,9 ,cymbel9e 7ii4 #b7 ,ia*imo1 address+ !m1 says3 ,swift1 swift1 y dragons ( ! night1 t dawn+ ,may b>e ! rav5's eye6#dah #dah ,cf4 ,troilus & ,cressida1 v4 #h2 ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream1 iii4 #b4 ,milton1 9 8 ,il ,p5s]oso1 m5tions ! dragon yoke ( night1 & 9 8 ,comus 7l4 #acj73 ! dragon womb ,( ,/ygian d>kness4 ,x may be notic$ t ! :ole tribe ( s]p5ts sleep ) _! eyes op51 & s appe> to ex]t a con/ant wat*fulness4#dai #dai ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 x4 p4 #cfc4 ,9 devis+ loa?some +r$i5ts = ! wit*es' mess1 ,%akespe>e 7,macbe?1 iv4 #a7 speaks ( ! scale ( dragon1 allud+ to ! horror 9 :i* ?is my?ical be+ 0 held4 ,ref]r+1 also1 to ! num]\s leg5ds associat$ ) its dread =m1 he m5tions ! sple5 ( fi]y dragons 7,ri*>d ,,iii41 v4 #c71 dragon's w+s 7#a ,h5ry ,,vi41 i4 #a71 & 7,p]icles1 i4 #a71 dea?-l dragons4 ,mr4 ,conway#dbj has admirably summ$ up ! g5]al views respect+ ?is imag9>y s\rce ( t]ror3 ,ne>ly all ! dragon =ms1 :atev] _! orig9al types & _! region1 are repres5t$ 9 ! conv5tional mon/] ( ! ,european /age1 :i* meets ! popul> conception4 ,! dragon is a ma/]piece ( ! popul> imag9ation1 & x requir$ _m g5]ations to give x arti/ic %ape4 ,e ,*ri/mas he appe>s 9 "s ,london pantomime1 ) aspect simil> to t :i* he has worn = _m ages4 ,8 body is p>tly gre51 ) ! memories ( ! sea & ( slime1 & p>tly br[n or d>k1 ) l+]+ %ad[ ( /orm cl\ds4 ,! lightn+ flames /ill 9 8 r$ eyes1 & fla%es f 8 fire-brea?+ m\?4 ,! ?und]-bolt ( ,jove1 ! spe> ( ,wodan1 are 9 ! b>b$ po9t ( 8 tail4 ,8 huge w+s--bat-l1 spik$--sum up all ! my?ical life ( ext9ct h>pies & vampires4 ,sp9e ( crocodile is on 8 neck1 tail ( ! s]p5t1 & all ! jagg$ ridges ( rocks & %>p ?orns ( jungles bri/le ar\nd him1 :ile ! ice ( glaci]s & brassy glitt] ( sun/rokes are 9 8 scales4 ,he is ideal ( all t is h>d1 ob/ructive1 p]il\s1 loa?some1 horrible 9 nature2 e detail ( him has be5 se5 ?r\gh & vanqui%$ by man1 "h or !re1 b 9 selection & comb9ation !y rise aga9 z pr9ciples1 & conspire to =m "o great g5]alization ( ! =ms ( pa9--! sum ( e creature's wor/4#dba #dbj ,demonology & ,devil-,lore1 #ahhj1 vol4 i4 p4 #chc4 #dba ,! dragon =m]ly con/itut$ a "p ( ! morris-dance4 ,elephant4 ,accord+ to a vulg> error1 curr5t 9 bygone times1 ! elephant 0 suppos$ to h no jo9ts--a notion :i* is said to h be5 fir/ record$ f tradition by ,ctesias ! ,cnidian4#dbb ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne has ent]$ l>gely into ?is sup]/ition1 argu+1 f reason1 anatomy1 & g5]al analogy ) o!r animals1 ! absurdity ( ! error4 ,9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7ii4 #c71 ,ulysses says3 ,! elephant ha? jo9ts1 b none = c\rtesy3 8 legs are legs = necessity1 n = flexure4 ,/eev5s quotes f ,! ,dialogues ( ,creatures ,moraliz$--a curi\s specim5 ( our e>ly natural hi/ory--! foll[+3 ! olefawnte t b[y? n ! kneys4 ,9 ! play ( ,all ,fools1 #afje1 we read3 ,i hope y are no elephant--y h jo9ts4 ,9 a note to ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne's ,works1#dbc we are told1 x has long be5 ! cu/om = ! exhibitors ( it9]ant collections ( wild animals1 :5 %[+ ! elephant1 to m5tion ! /ory ( its hav+ no jo9ts1 & its consequ5t inability to kneel2 & !y nev] fail to ?9k x necess>y to demon/rate its untru? by caus+ ! animal to b5d "o ( its =e-legs1 & to kneel also4 #dbb ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne's ,works1 #aheb1 vol4 i4 pp4 #bbj-bcb4 #dbc ,edit$ by ,simon ,wilk91 #aheb1 vol4 i4 p4 #bbf4 ,9 ,julius ,cs> 7ii4 #a7 ! cu/om ( s$uc+ elephants into pitfalls1 lightly cov]$ ) hurdles & turf1 on :i* a prop] bait to tempt !m 0 expos$1 is allud$ to4#dbd ,decius speaks ( elephants be+ betray$ ) holes4 #dbd ,see ,pl9y's ,natural ,hi/ory1 bk4 viii4 ,fox4 ,x appe>s t ! t]m fox 0 a common expression = ! old ,engli% weapon1 ! broadsword ( ,jonson's days1 z di/+ui%$ f ! small 7=eign7 sword4 ,! "n 0 giv5 f ! circum/ance t ,&rea ,f]r>a adopt$ a fox z ! blade-m>k ( 8 weapons--a practice1 s9ce 8 "t1 adopt$ by o!r =eign sword-cutl]s4 ,swords ) a runn+ fox rudely engrav$ on ! blades are /ill occasionally to be met ) 9 ! old curiosity %ops ( ,london4#dbe ,?us1 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7iv4 #d71 ,pi/ol says3 ,o ,signieur ,dew1 ?\ die/ on po9t ( fox1 ,except1 ,o signieur1 ?\ d give to me ,egregi\s ransom4 #dbe ,/aunton's ,%akespe>e1 #ahfd1 vol4 ii4 p4 #cfg2 ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #cca4 ,9 ,b5 ,jonson's ,b>?olomew ,fair 7ii4 #f7 ! expression occurs3 ,:at w\ld y h1 si/]1 ( a fell[ t kn[s no?+ b a basket-hilt1 & an old fox 9 x8 ,! tricks & artifices ( a hunt$ fox 7 suppos$ to be v extraord9>y2 h5ce ,fal/aff makes use ( ?is expression 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #c73 ,no m tru? 9 !e ?an 9 a drawn fox4 ,goat4 ,x is curi\s t ! h>mless goat %\ld h _h an evil "n1 & be5 associat$ ) devil-lore4 ,?us1 !re is a common sup]/ition 9 ,engl& & ,scotl& t x is nev] se5 = tw5ty-f\r h\rs toge!r2 & t once 9 ?is space x pays a visit to ! devil1 9 ord] to h its be>d comb$4 ,x 01 =m]ly1 too1 a popul> notion t ! devil appe>$ frequ5tly 9 ! %ape ( a goat1 :i* acc\nt$ = 8 horns & tail4 ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne obs]ves t ! goat 0 ! emblem ( ! s9-(f]+1 & is ! emblem ( s9ful m5 at ! day ( judgm5t4 ,?is may1 p]haps1 acc\nt = ,%akespe>e's enum]at+ ! gall ( goat 7,macbe?1 iv4 #a7 among ! +r$i5ts ( ! wit*es' caldron4 ,8 object seems to h be5 to include ! mo/ di/a/eful & ill-om5$ ?+s imag9able--a practice %>$1 inde$1 by o!r poets contempor>y ) him4 ,h>e4 ,?is 0 =m]ly e/eem$ a melan*oly animal1 & its fle% 0 suppos$ to eng5d] melan*oly 9 ^? :o ate x4 ,?is idea 0 n conf9$ to our own c\ntry1 b is m5tion$ by ,la ,fonta9e 9 "o ( 8 ,fables 7liv4 ii4 fab4 #ad73 ,dans un pr(ond ennui ce lievre se plongeoit1 ,cet animal e/ tri/e1 et la cra9te le r\nge2 & lat] on he says3 ,le melancolique animal4 ,h5ce1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #b71 ,fal/aff is told by ,pr9ce ,h5ry t he is z melan*oly z a h>e4 ,?is notion 0 n q =gott5 9 ,swift's "t2 = 9 8 ,polite ,conv]sation1 ,lady ,answ]all1 be+ ask$ to eat h>e1 replies3 ,no1 madam2 !y say 'tis melan*oly meat4 ,mr4 ,/aunton quotes ! foll[+ extract f ,turb]vile's book on ,hunt+ & ,falconry3 ,! h>e fir/ taught u ! use ( ! he>be call$ wyld succory1 :i* is v excell5t = ^? :i* are dispos$ to be melan*olicke4 ,%e h]self is "o ( ! mo/ melan*olicke bea/s t is1 & to heale h] own infirmitie1 %e goe? commonly to sit "u t he>be4 ,! old ,greek epigram relat+ to ! h>e-- ,/rike ye my body1 n[ t life is fl$2 ,s h>es insult ! lion :5 he's dead1 --is allud$ to by ! ,ba/>d 9 ,k+ ,john 7ii4 #a73 ,y are ! h>e ( :om ! prov]b goes1 ,^: val\r plucks dead lions by ! be>d4 ,a famili> expression among sportsm5 = a h>e is ,wat1 s call$1 p]haps1 f its long e>s or wattles4 ,9 ,v5us & ,adonis ! t]m occurs3 ,by ?is1 poor ,wat1 f> (f ^u a hill1 ,/&s on 8 h9d] legs1 ) li/5+ e>4 ,9 ,drayton's ,polyolbion 7xxiii47 we read3 ,! man ^: vacant m9d prep>es him to ! sport1 ,! f9d] s5de? out1 to seek out nimble ,wat1 ,:i* crosse? 9 ! field1 ea* furlong1 e flat1 ,till he ?is pretty bea/ ^u ! =m ha? f\nd4 ,h$gehog4 ,! ur*9 or h$gehog1 l ! toad1 = its solit>9ess1 ! ugl9ess ( its appe>ance1 & f a popul> belief t x suck$ or poison$ ! udd]s ( c[s1 0 adopt$ into ! demonologic sy/em2 & its %ape 0 sometimes suppos$ to be assum$ by mis*iev\s elves4#dbf ,h5ce1 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7i4 #b71 ,prosp]o says3 ,ur*9s ,%all1 = t va/ ( night t !y may "w1 ,all ex]cise on !e2 & lat] on 9 ! same play 7ii4 #b7 ,caliban speaks ( be+ fright$ ) ur*9 %[s4 ,9 ! wit* sc5e 9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #a7 ! h$ge-pig is repres5t$ z "o ( ! wit*es' famili>s2 & 9 ! ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #b71 9 ! incantation ( ! fairies1 ?orny h$gehogs are exorcis$4 ,= ! use ( ur*9s 9 simil> associations we may quote ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7iv4 #d71 l ur*9s1 ouphes1 & fairies2 & ,titus ,&ronicus 7ii4 #c71 t5 ?\s& swell+ toads1 z _m ur*9s4#dbg ,9 ! phrase /ill curr5t1 ( little ur*9 = a *ild1 ! idea ( ! fairy also rema9s4 ,9 v>i\s leg5ds we f9d ?is animal hold+ a prom95t place4 ,?us1 = example1 x 0 9 ! =m ( a h$gehog#dbh t ! devil is said to h made 8 attempt to let ! sea 9 ?r\gh ! ,brighton ,d[ns1 :i* 0 prev5t$ by a light be+ br\ght1 ?\gh ! s]i\sness ( ! s*eme is /ill atte/$ 9 ! ,devil's ,dyke4 ,!re is an anci5t tradition t :5 ! devil _h smuggl$ himself into ,noah's ,ark he tri$ to s9k x by bor+ a hole2 b ?is s*eme 0 defeat$1 & ! human race sav$1 by ! h$gehog /uff+ himself into ! hole4 ,9 ! ,brighton /ory1 z ,mr4 ,conway po9ts out1 ! devil w\ld appe> to h rememb]$ 8 =m] failure 9 dr[n+ p1 & to h appropriat$ ! =m :i* defeat$ him4 ,9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7i4 #b71 ! h$gehog is us$ z a t]m ( reproa* by ,lady ,anne1 :5 address+ ,glo/]4 #dbf ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 ix4 p4 #ge4 #dbg ,see ,wright's ,notes to ,! ,tempe/1 #ahge1 p4 #id4 #dbh ,conway's ,demonology & ,devil-,lore1 #ahhj1 vol4 i4 p4 #abb4 ,horse4 ,al?\gh ,%akespe>e's allusions to ! horse are mo/ ext5sive1 yet he has said little ( ! _m widespread sup]/itions1 leg5ds1 & traditional tales t h be5 associat$ f ! e>lie/ times ) ?is brave & intellectual animal4 ,inde$1 ev5 n[adays1 bo? 9 our own c\ntry & abroad1 _m a fairy tale is told & cr$it$ by ! peasantry 9 :i* ! horse occupies a prom95t place4 ,x seems to h be5 a common notion t1 at night-"t1 fairies 9 _! nocturnal revels play$ v>i\s pranks ) horses1 (t5 entangl+ 9 a ?\s& knots _! hair--a sup]/ition to :i* we ref]r$ 9 our *apt] on ,fairies1 :]e ,m]cutio1 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #d71 says3 ,?is is t v ,mab ,t plats ! manes ( horses 9 ! night1 ,& bakes ! elf-locks 9 f\l slutti% hairs1 ,:i*1 once untangl$1 mu* mis=tune bodes4 ,9 ,k+ ,le> 7ii4 #c71 ,edg> says3 ,i'll 444 elf all my hair 9 knots4 ,mr4 ,hunt1 9 8 ,popul> ,romances ( ! ,we/ ( ,engl& 7#ahga1 p4 #hg71 tells u t1 :5 a boy1 he 0 on a visit at a f>mh\se ne> ,f[ey ,riv]1 & well rememb]s ! f>m]1 ) mu* sorr[1 tell+ ! p>ty "o morn+ at breakfa/1 h[ ! piskie p _h be5 rid+ ,tom aga94 ,! mane 0 said to be knott$ into fairy /irrups1 & ! f>m] said he _h no d\bt t at lea/ tw5ty small p _h sat ^u ! horse's neck4 ,w>burton#dbi consid]s t ?is sup]/ition may h orig9at$ f ! disease call$ ,plica ,polonica4 ,wit*es1 too1 h g5]ally be5 suppos$ to h>ass ! horse1 us+ x 9 v>i\s ways = _! fi5di% purposes4 ,?us1 !re are num]\s local traditions 9 :i* ! horse at night-"t has be5 ridd5 by ! wit*es1 & f\nd 9 ! morn+ 9 an almo/ pro/rate condition1 ba!d 9 sweat4 #dbi ,w>burton on ,romeo & ,juliet1 i4 #d4 ,x 0 a curr5t notion t a horse-hair dropp$ into corrupt$ wat] w\ld soon become an animal4 ,! fact1 h[ev]1 is t ! hair moves l a liv+ ?+ because a numb] ( animalcul cl+ to x4#dcj ,?is anci5t vulg> error is m5tion$ 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7i4 #b73 mu* is bre$+1 ,:i*1 l ! c\rs]'s hair1 ha? yet b life1 ,& n a s]p5t's poison4 #dcj ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #ajd4 ,/eev5s quotes f ,*ur*y>d's ,disc\rse ( ,rebellion1 #aegj3 ,hit is ( k9de mu* worse ?an horses he>e1 ,t lyes 9 donge1 :]e on vyle s]p5ts br$e4 ,dr4 ,li/]1 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions1 says t ^! animat$ horse-hairs are real ?read-worms4 ,x 0 ass]t$ t ^! worms mov$ l s]p5ts1 & 7 poison\s to swall[4 ,col]idge tells u x 0 a common exp]im5t ) boys 9 ,cumb]l& & ,we/morel& to lay a horse-hair 9 wat]1 :i*1 :5 remov$ aft] a "t1 w\ld twirl r\nd ! f+] & s5sibly compress x--hav+ become ! support] ( an imm5se numb] ( small1 slimy wat]-lice4 ,a horse is said to h a cl\d 9 8 face :5 he has a d>k-color$ spot 9 8 =ehead betwe5 8 eyes4 ,?is gives him a s\r look1 &1 be+ suppos$ to indicate an ill-temp]1 is g5]ally consid]$ a great blemi%4 ,?is notion is allud$ to 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7iii4 #b71 :]e ,agrippa1 speak+ ( ,cs>1 says3 ,he has a cl\d 9's face1 :]eupon ,enob>bus adds3 ,he 7 ! worse = t1 7 he a horse2 ,s is he1 be+ a man4 ,burton1 9 8 ,anatomy ( ,melan*oly1 uses ! phrase = ! look ( a woman3 ,e lov] admires 8 mi/ress1 ?\gh %e be v de=m$ ( h]selfe--?91 leane1 *itty face1 h cl\ds 9 h] face1 etc4 ,to mose 9 ! *9e1 a phrase we f9d 9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7iii4 #b7--,possess$ ) ! gl&]s1 & l to mose 9 ! *9e--ref]s to a disord] 9 horses1 also kn[n z m\rn+ 9 ! *9e4 ,allud+ to ! cu/om associat$ ) horses1 we may note t a /alk+-horse1 or /ale1 0 ei!r a real or artificial "o1 "u cov] ( :i* ! f[l] approa*$ t[>ds & %ot at 8 game4 ,x is allud$ to 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7v4 #d7 by ! ,duke1 :o says ( ,t\*/one3 ,he uses 8 folly l a /alk+-horse1 & "u ! pres5tation ( t he %oots 8 wit4 ,9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7ii4 #c71 ,claudio says3 ,/alk on1 /alk on2 ! f[l sits4#dca ,9 ,com$y ( ,errors 7ii4 #a71 ,adriana says3 ,i am b 8 /ale1 ^u :i* ,malone rem>ks3 ,adriana und\bt$ly means to comp>e h]self to a /alk+-horse1 beh9d :om ,antipholus %oots at su* game z he selects4 ,9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew1 ,ka?>9a says to h] fa!r 7i4 #a73 is x y\r w ,to make a /ale ( me among/ ^! mates8 :i*1 says ,s+]1 means make an object ( mock]y4 ,s 9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #c71 ,w>wick says3 ,_h he none else to make a /ale b me8 #dca ,see ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #ajf2 ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #hcj4 ,t x 0 also a hunt+ t]m might be %[n1 adds ,dyce1#dcb by quotations f v>i\s old writ]s4 ,9 ! inv5tories ( ! w>drobe belong+ to ,k+ ,h5ry ,,viii4 we frequ5tly f9d ! all[ance ( c]ta9 quantities ( /uff = ! purpose ( mak+ /alk+-coats & /alk+-hose = ! use ( 8 maje/y4#dcc #dcb ,gloss>y1 p4 #dab4 #dcc ,see ,/rutt's ,sports & ,pa/imes1 p4 #dh4 ,aga91 ! =ehorse ( a team 0 g5]ally gayly ornam5t$ ) tufts & ribbons & bells4 ,h5ce1 9 ,all's ,well ,t ,ends ,well 7ii4 #a71 ,b]tram compla9s t1 b$iz5$ l "o ( ^! animals1 he w h to squire ladies at ! c\rt1 in/ead ( a*iev+ honor 9 ! w>s-- ,i %all /ay "h ! =ehorse to a smock1 ,creak+ my %oes on ! pla9 masonry1 ,till hon\r be b\ght up1 & no sword worn ,b "o to dance )4 ,a famili> "n = a common horse 0 ,cut--ei!r f its be+ dock$ or geld$--a "n occasionally appli$ to a man z a t]m ( contempt4 ,9 ,twelf? ,night 7ii4 #c71 ,sir ,toby ,bel* says3 ,s5d = money1 knight2 if ?\ ha/ h] n i' ! end1 call me cut4 ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #a71 ! fir/ c>ri] says3 ,i pri!e1 ,tom1 beat ,cut's saddle4 ,we may comp>e1 too1 :at ,fal/aff says fur!r on 9 ! same play 7ii4 #d73 ,i tell !e :at1 ,hal1 if ,i tell !e a lie1 spit 9 my face1 call me horse4 ,h5ce1 call me cut is ! same z call me horse--bo? expressions hav+ be5 us$4 ,9 ,%akespe>e's day a race ( horses 0 ! t]m = :at is n[ call$ a /ud4 ,s 9 ,macbe? 7ii4 #d71 ,rosse says3 ,& ,duncan's horses--a ?+ mo/ /range & c]ta9-- ,beaute\s & swift1 ! m9ions ( _! race1 ,turn'd wild 9 nature4 ,! words m9ions ( _! race1 accord+ to ,/eev5s1 mean ! favorite horses on ! race-gr\nd4 ,lion4 ,! traditions & /ories ( ! d>k] ages ab\nd$ ) examples ( ! lion's g5]osity4 ,^u ! supposition t ^! acts ( clem5cy 7 true1 ,troilus1 9 ! passage bel[1 reasons n improp]ly 7',troilus & ,cressida1' v4 #c7 t to sp>e aga9/ reason1 by m]e in/9ct & pity1 became r a g5]\s bea/ ?an a wise man3#dcd ,bro!r1 y h a vice ( m]cy 9 y1 ,:i* bett] fits a lion ?an a man4 #dcd ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 #ahge1 vol4 vii4 p4 #bgg4 ,x is record$ by ,pl9y#dce t ! lion alone ( all wild animals is g5tle to ^? t humble !mselves be=e him1 & w n t\* any su* ^u _! submission1 b sp>e? :at creature soev] lie? pro/rate be=e him4 ,h5ce ,sp5s]'s ,una1 att5d$ by a lion2 & ,p]ceval's lion1 9 ,morte d',ar?ur 7bk4 xiv4 c4 #f74 ,b>?olomu says ! lion's m]cie is kn[n by _m & (t ensamples3 = !y sp>e !m t lie on ! gr\nd4 ,%akespe>e aga9 alludes to ?is notion 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7iv4 #c73 = 'tis ,! royal disposition ( t bea/ ,to prey on no?+ t do? seem z dead4 #dce ,natural ,hi/ory1 bk4 viii4 c4 #ai4 ,x 0 also suppos$ t ! lion w\ld n injure a royal pr9ce4 ,h5ce1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d7 ! ,pr9ce says3 ,y are lions too1 y ran away ^u in/9ct1 y w n t\* ! true pr9ce2 no1 fie6 ,! same notion is allud$ to by ,beaumont & ,flet*] 9 ,! ,mad ,lov] 7iv4 #e73 ,fet* ! ,numidian lion ,i br\ght ov]2 ,if %e be sprung f royal blood1 ! lion ,he'll d y rev]5ce1 else-- 99 99 99 99 99 ,he'll te> h] all to pieces4 ,accord+ to "s comm5tators !re is an allusion 9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #c7 to ! practice ( conf9+ lions & keep+ !m )\t food t !y may dev\r crim9als expos$ to !m3 ,s looks ! p5t-up lion o'er ! wret* ,t trembles "u 8 dev\r+ paws4 ,mole4 ,! eyes ( ! mole are s extremely m9ute1 & s p]fectly hid 9 its hair1 t our ance/ors consid]$ x bl9d--a vulg> error1 to :i* ref]5ce is made by ,caliban 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7iv4 #a73 ,pray y1 tread s(tly1 t ! bl9d mole may n ,he> a foot fall4 ,& aga9 by ,p]icles 7i4 #a73 ,! bl9d mole ca/s ,copp'd hills t[>ds heav54 ,h5ce ! expression bl9d z a mole4 ,alex&] ,ross#dcf absurdly speaks ( ! mole's eyes z only ! =ms ( eyes1 giv5 by nature r = ornam5t ?an = use2 z w+s are giv5 to ! o/ri*1 :i* nev] flies1 & a long tail to ! rat1 :i* s]ves = no o!r purpose b to be cat*$ sometimes by x4 ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne1 h[ev]1 9 8 ,vulg> ,errors 7bk4 iii4 c4 xviii471#dcg has1 ) 8 usual m9ut5ess1 disprov$ ?is idea1 rem>k+ t !y h eyes 9 _! head is manife/$ unto any t wants !m n 9 8 own4 ,a popul> t]m = ! mole 0 ! moldw>p or m\ldiw>p1#dch s call$ f ! ,anglo-,saxon1 d5ot+ turn+ ! m\ld4 ,?us1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #a7 ,hotspur says3 sometime he ang]s me ,) tell+ me ( ! moldw>p & ! ant4 #dcf ,arcana ,microcosmi1 p4 #aea4 #dcg #aheb1 vol4 i4 pp4 #cab-cae4 #dch ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #egg2 ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 v4 p4 #gg4 ,m\se4 ,?is ^w 0 =m]ly us$ z a t]m ( ende>m5t1 f ei!r sex to ! o!r4 ,9 ?is s5se x is us$ by ,rosal9e 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b73 ,:at's y\r d>k mean+1 m\se1 ( ?is light ^w8 & aga9 9 ,hamlet 7iii4 #d74 ,"s d\bt exi/s z to ! exact mean+ ( ,m\se-hunt1 by ,lady ,capulet1 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iv4 #d73 ,ay1 y h be5 a m\se-hunt 9 y\r "t1 ,b ,i w wat* y f su* wat*+ n[4 ,accord+ to "s1 ! expression implies a hunt] ( gay wom51 m\se hav+ be5 us$ 9 ?is signification4#dci ,o!rs are ( op9ion t ! /oat#ddj is meant1 ! smalle/ ( ! weasel tribe1 & o!rs aga9 ! polecat4 ,mr4 ,/aunton#dda tells u t ! m\se-hunt is ! m>t51 an animal ( ! weasel tribe :i* pr[ls ab\t = its prey at night1 & is appli$ to any "o ( raki% prop5sities4 #dci ,halliwell-,phillipps's ,h&book ,index to ,%akespe>e1 #ahff1 p4 #cca4 #ddj ,=by's ,vocabul>y ( ,ea/ ,anglia1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bbb4 #dda ,see ,/aunton's ,%akespe>e1 vol4 i4 p4 #bgh4 ,hol9%$1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,scotl& 7#aegg1 p4 #aha71 quotes f ! laws ( ,k5ne? ,,ii41 ,k+ ( ,scotl&3 ,if a s[e eate h] pigges1 let hyr be /on$ to dea? & buri$1 t no man eate ( hyr fle%e4 ,?is (f5ce is probably allud$ to by ,%akespe>e 9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #a71 :]e ! wit* says3 ,p\r 9 s['s blood1 t ha? eat5 ,h] n9e f>r[4 ,polecat1 or ,fit*ew4 ,?is animal is suppos$ to be v amor\s2 & h5ce its "n1 ,mr4 ,/eev5s says1 0 (t5 appli$ to ladies ( easy or no virtue4 ,9 ,o!llo 7iv4 #a7 ,cassio calls ,bianca a fit*ew1 & 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7v4 #a7 ,!rsites alludes to x4#ddb #ddb ,cf4 ,k+ ,le>1 iv4 #f4 ,porcup9e4 ,ano!r "n = ?is animal 0 ! porp5t9e1 :i* spell+ occurs 9 ,hamlet 7i4 #e73 ,l quills ^u ! fretful porp5t9e4 ,& aga91 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #a7 ,york speaks ( a %>p-quill'd porp5t9e4 ,ajax1 too1 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7ii4 #a71 applies ! t]m to ,!rsites3 d n1 porp5t9e4 ,9 ! above passages1 h[ev]1 & else:]e1 ! ^w has be5 alt]$ by editors to porcup9e4 ,accord+ to a popul> error1 ! porcup9e c\ld d>t 8 quills4 ,!y are easily deta*$1 v %>p1 & slightly b>b$1 & may easily /ick to a p]son's legs1 :5 he is n aw>e t he is ne> en\gh to t\* !m4#ddc #ddc ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #fgc4 ,rabbit4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #b7 ?is animal is us$ z a t]m ( reproa*1 a s5se 9 :i* x 0 kn[n 9 ,%akespe>e's day4 ,! phrase cony-cat*1 :i* occurs 9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7v4 #a7--,take he$1 ,signior ,bapti/a1 le/ y be cony-cat*$ 9 ?is bus9ess--impli$ ! act ( deceiv+ or *eat+ a simple p]son--! cony or rabbit be+ consid]$ a fooli% animal4#ddd ,x has be5 %[n1 f ,dekk]'s ,engli% ,villanies1 t ! sy/em ( *eat+ 0 c>ri$ to a great l5g? 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 t a collective society ( %>p]s 0 call$ a w>r51 & _! dupes rabbit-suck]s1 i4 e41 "y rabbit or conies4#dde ,%akespe>e has once us$ ! t]m to express h>mless rogu]y1 9 ! ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7iv4 #a74 ,:5 ,grumio w n answ] 8 fell[-s]vants1 except 9 a je/+ way1 ,curtis says to him3 ,come1 y are s full ( cony-cat*+4 #ddd ,ibid41 vol4 ii4 p4 #ahi4 #dde ,see ,d',israeli's ,curiosities ( ,lit]ature1 vol4 iii4 p4 #gh4 ,rat4 ,! fanciful idea t rats 7 commonly rhym$ to dea?1 9 ,irel&1 is said to h aris5 f "s metrical *>m or incantation1 us$ !re = t purpose1 to :i* !re are con/ant allusions 9 old writ]s4 ,9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7iv4 #a7 ,%ylock says3 ,:at if my h\se be tr\bl$ ) a rat1 ,& ,i be pleas$ to give t5 ?\s& ducats ,to h x ban$8 ,& 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7iii4 #b71 ,rosal9d says3 ,i 0 nev] s be-rhym$ s9ce ,py?agoras' "t1 t ,i 0 an ,iri% rat1 :i* ,i c h>dly rememb]4 ,we f9d x m5tion$ by ,b5 ,jonson 9 ! ,poeta/] 7v4 #a73 ,rhime !m to dea?1 z !y d ,iri% rats1 ,9 drumm+ tunes4 ,! ref]5ce1 h[ev]1 is g5]ally ref]r$1 9 ,irel&1 says ,mr4 ,mackay1 to ! suppos$ pot5cy ( ! v]ses pron\nc$ by ! pr(essional rhym]s ( ,irel&1 :i*1 accord+ to popul> sup]/ition1 c\ld n only drive rats to de/ruction1 b c\ld absolutely turn a man's face to ! back ( 8 head4#ddf #ddf ,! /range phrase & ! sup]/ition t arose out ( x seem to h be5 produc$ by a mi/ranslation1 by ! ,engli%-speak+ population ( a consid]able portion ( ,irel&1 ( two ,celtic or ,gaelic words1 ran1 to ro>1 to %riek1 to bell[1 to make a great noise on a w9d in/rum5t2 & rann1 to v]sify1 to rhyme4 ,x is well kn[n t rats are sc>$ by any great & p]si/5t noise 9 ! h\se :i* !y infe/4 ,! ,saxon ,engli%1 z well z ,saxon ,iri%1 ( ,%akespe>e's "t1 conf\nd+ rann1 a rhyme1 ) ran1 a ro>1 fell into ! error :i* l$ to ! ,engli% phrase z us$ by ,%akespe>e4--,antiqu>ian ,magaz9e & ,bibliograph]1 #ahhb1 vol4 ii4 p4 #i4 ,on ,"s ,obscure ,words & ,celtic ,phrases 9 ,%akespe>e1 by ,*>les ,mackay4 ,sir ,w4 ,temple1 9 8 ,essay on ,poetry1 seems to d]ive ! idea f ! ,runic incantations1 =1 aft] speak+ ( !m 9 v>i\s ways1 he adds1 & ! prov]b ( rhym+ rats to dea?1 came1 ,i suppose1 f ! same root4 ,accord+ to a sup]/iti\s notion ( consid]able antiquity1 rats leav+ a %ip are consid]$ indicative ( mis=tune to a vessel1 probably f ! same idea t cr[s w n build ^u trees t are likely to fall4 ,?is idea is notic$ by ,%akespe>e 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7i4 #b71 :]e ,prosp]o1 describ+ ! vessel 9 :i* himself & daught] _h be5 plac$1 ) ! view to _! c]ta9 de/ruction at sea1 says3 !y hurri$ u abo>d a b>k1 ,bore u "s leagues to sea2 :]e !y prep>$ ,a rott5 c>cass ( a boat1 n rigg'd1 ,nor tackle1 sail1 nor ma/2 ! v rats ,in/9ctively h quit x4 ,! ,%ipp+ ,gazette ( ,april1 #ahfi1 conta9$ a communication entitl$1 ,a ,sailor's ,notion ab\t ,rats1 9 :i* ! foll[+ passage occurs3 ,x is a well-au!nticat$ fact t rats h (t5 be5 kn[n to leave %ips 9 ! h>bor previ\s to _! be+ lo/ at sea4 ,"s ( ^? wiseacres :o want to conv9ce u aga9/ ! evid5ce ( our s5ses w call ?is sup]/ition4 ,z nei!r ,i h "t1 nor y space1 to cavil ) su* at pres5t1 ,i %all leave !m alone 9 _! glory4 ,! fact1 h[ev]1 z ,mr4 ,h>dwick has po9t$ out 9 8 ,traditions1 ,sup]/itions1 & ,folk-lore 7#ahgb1 p4 #bea71 t rats d sometimes migrate f "o %ip to ano!r1 or f "o b>n or corn-/ack to ano!r1 f v>i\s causes1 ought to be q suffici5t to expla9 su* a sup]/ition4 ,inde$1 a /ory is told ( a cunn+ ,wel% capta9 :o want$ to get rid ( rats t infe/$ 8 %ip1 !n ly+ 9 ! ,m]sey1 at ,liv]pool4 ,hav+ f\nd out t !re 0 a vessel lad5 ) *eese 9 ! bas91 & gett+ alongside ( h] ab\t dusk1 he left all 8 hat*es op51 & wait$ till all ! rats 7 9 8 neighbor's %ip1 & !n mov$ (f4 ,snail4 ,a common amusem5t among *ildr5 consi/s 9 *>m+ snails1 9 ord] to induce !m to put out _! horns--a c\plet1 su* z ! foll[+1 be+ repeat$ on ! occasion3 ,pe] out1 pe] out1 pe] out ( y\r hole1 ,or else ,i'll beat y z black z a coal4 ,9 ,scotl&1 x is reg>d$ z a tok5 ( f9e wea!r if ! snail obey ! comm& & put out its horn3#ddg ,snailie1 snailie1 %oot out y\r horn1 ,& tell u if x w be a bonnie day ! morn4 #ddg ,see ,engli% ,folk-,lore1 #ahgh1 p4 #abj4 ,%akespe>e alludes to snail-*>m+ 9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7iv4 #b71 :]e ,mrs4 ,page says ( ,mrs4 ,=d's husb&1 he s buffets himself on ! =ehead1 cry+1 ,pe] out6 pe] out6 t any madness ,i ev] yet beheld seem$ b tam5ess1 civility1 & pati5ce1 to ?is 8 di/emp] he is 9 n[4 ,9 ,com$y ( ,errors 7ii4 #b71 ! snail is us$ to d5ote a lazy p]son4 ,tig]4 ,x 0 an anci5t belief t ?is animal ro>$ & rag$ mo/ furi\sly 9 /ormy & high w9ds--a piece ( folk-lore allud$ to 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7i4 #c71 by ,ne/or1 :o says3 ,! h]d ha? m annoyance by ! breese ,?an by ! tig]2 b :5 ! splitt+ w9d ,makes flexible ! knees ( knott$ oaks1 ,& flies fl$ "u %ade1 :y !n1 ! ?+ ( c\rage1 ,z r\s$ ) rage1 ) rage do? sympa?ize4 ,unicorn4 ,9 ,julius ,cs> 7ii4 #a7 ,decius tells h[ unicorns may be betray'd ) trees1 allud+ to _! tradition>y mode ( capture4 ,!y are report$ to h be5 tak5 by "o :o1 runn+ beh9d a tree1 elud$ ! viol5t pu% ! animal 0 mak+ at him1 s t 8 horn sp5t its =ce on ! trunk1 & /uck fa/1 deta9+ ! animal till he 0 despat*$ by ! hunt]4#ddh ,9 ,topsell's ,hi/ory ( ,bea/s 7#afeh1 p4 #eeg71 we read ( ! unicorn3 ,he is an enemy to ! lions1 :]e=e1 z soon z ev] a lion see? a unicorn1 he runne? to a tree = succ\r1 t s :5 ! unicorn make? =ce at him1 he may n only avoid 8 horn1 b also de/roy him2 = ! unicorn1 9 ! swiftness ( 8 c\rse1 runne? aga9/ ! tree1 :]e9 8 %>p horn /icke? fa/1 t :5 ! lion see? ! unicorn fa/5$ by ! horn1 )\t all dang] he falle? ^u him & kille? him4 ,) ?is passage we may comp>e ! foll[+ f ,sp5s]'s ,fairy ,que5 7bk4 ii4 canto #e73 ,l z a lyon1 ^: imp]iall p[] ,a pr[d rebelli\s unicorn defyes1 ,t' avoide ! ra% assault & wra?ful /[re ,( 8 fi]s foe1 him to a tree applyes1 ,& :5 him ronn+ 9 full c\rse he spyes1 ,he slips aside3 ! :iles t furi\s bea/ ,8 preci\s horne1 s\ght ( 8 enimyes ,/rikes 9 ! /ocke1 ne !nce c be relea/1 ,b to ! mighty victor yields a b\nte\s fea/4 #ddh ,see ,brew]'s ,diction>y ( ,phrase & ,fable1 p4 #ibb4 ,weasel4 ,to meet a weasel 0 =m]ly consid]$ a bad om54#ddi ,t may be a tacit allusion to ?is sup]/ition 9 ,lucrece 7l4 #cjg73 ,night-w&]+ weasels %riek to see him !re2 ,!y fright him1 yet he /ill pursues 8 fe>4 #ddi ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bhc4 ,x appe>s t weasels 7 kept 9 h\ses1 in/ead ( cats1 = ! purpose ( kill+ v]m94 ,phdrus notices ?is _! fel9e (fice 9 ! fir/ & f\r? fables ( 8 f\r? book4 ,! suppos$ qu>relsom5ess ( ?is animal is spok5 ( by ,pisanio 9 ,cymbel9e 7iii4 #d71 :o tells ,imog5 t %e mu/ be z qu>rel\s z ! weasel2 & 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #c71 ,lady ,p]cy says to ,hotspur3 ,a weasel ha? n su* a deal ( sple5 ,z y are toss'd )4 ,?is "* ( ! weasel is n1 h[ev]1 g5]ally m5tion$ by naturali/s4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,plants4 ,t ,%akespe>e possess$ an ext5sive k ( ! hi/ory & sup]/itions associat$ ) fl[]s is evid5t1 f ev5 only a slight p]usal ( 8 plays4 ,ap>t f ! ext5sive use :i* he has made ( ^! lovely objects ( nature = ! purpose ( embelli%+1 or add+ pa?os to1 passages "h & !re1 he has also1 ) a ma/] h&1 int]wov5 _m a little leg5d or sup]/ition1 !reby infus+ an additional =ce into 8 writ+s4 ,?us we "k ) :at effect he has made use ( ! will[ 9 ,o!llo1 9 t t\*+ passage :]e ,desdemona 7iv4 #c71 anticipat+ h] dea?1 relates h[ h] "m _h a maid call$ ,b>b>a3 ,%e 0 9 love2 & he %e lov'd prov'd mad1 ,& did =sake h]2 %e _h a song ( will[1 ,an old ?+ 'twas1 b x express$ h] =tune1 ,& %e di$ s++ x3 t song1 to-night1 ,w n g f my m9d4 ,9 a simil> mann] ,%akespe>e has frequ5tly introduc$ fl[]s ) a wond]ful aptness1 z 9 ! case ( poor ,ophelia4 ,^?1 h[ev]1 desir\s ( ga9+ a good insight into ,%akespe>e's k ( fl[]s1 z illu/rat$ by 8 plays1 w\ld d well to consult ,mr4 ,ellacombe's exhau/ive "w on ! ,plant-,lore ( ,%akespe>e1 a book to :i* we are mu* indebt$ 9 ! foll[+ pages1 z also to ,mr4 ,beisly's ,%akespe>e's ,g>d54 ,aconite4#dej ,?is plant1 f ! deadly virul5ce ( its juice1 :i*1 ,mr4 ,turn] says1 is ( all poysones ! mo/ ha/ie poysone1 is comp>$ by ,%akespe>e to gunp[d]1 z 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iv4 #d73 ! unit$ vessel ( _! blood1 ,m+l$ ) v5om ( sugge/ion1 ,z1 =ce p]=ce1 ! age w p\r x 91 ,%all nev] leak1 ?\gh x d "w z /rong ,z aconitum1 or ra% gunp[d]4 #dej ,aconitum napellus1 ,wolf's-bane or ,monk's-hood4 ,x is1 too1 probably allud$ to 9 ! foll[+ passage 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7v4 #a71 :]e ,romeo says3 let me h ,a dram ( poison2 su* soon-spe$+ ge> ,z w disp]se itself ?r\gh all ! ve9s1 ,t ! life-we>y tak] may fall dead2 ,& t ! trunk may be dis*>g'd ( brea? ,z viol5tly1 z ha/y p[d] fir'd ,do? hurry f ! fatal cannon's womb4 ,accord+ to ,ovid1 x d]iv$ its "n f gr[+ ^u rock 7,metamorphoses1 bk4 vii4 l4 #dah73 ,qu1 quia nascuntur1 dura vivacia caute1 ,agre/es aconita vocant4 ,x is probably d]iv$ f ! ,greek ,greek3 akonitos1 )\t a /ruggle1 9 allusion to ! int5sity ( its poison\s qualities4 ,v]gil#dea speaks ( x1 & tells u h[ ! aconite deceives ! wret*$ ga!r]s1 because (t5 mi/ak5 = "s h>mless plant4#deb ,! anci5ts fabl$ x z ! inv5tion ( ,hecate1#dec :o caus$ ! plant to spr+ f ! foam ( ,c]b]us1 :5 ,h]cules dragg$ him f ! gloomy regions ( ,pluto4 ,ovid pictures ! /epdame z prep>+ a deadly potion ( aconite 7,metamorphoses1 bk4 i4 l4 #adg73 ,lurida t]ribiles misc5t aconita nov]c4 #dea ,mis]os fallunt aconita leg5tis 7,georgics1 bk4 ii4 l4 #aeb74 #deb ,see ,ellacombe's ,plant-,lore ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahgh1 pp4 #g1 #h4 #dec ,dr4 ,prior's ,popul> ,names ( ,briti% ,plants1 #ahgj1 pp4 #a1 #b4 ,9 hunt+1 ! anci5ts poison$ _! arr[s ) ?is v5om\s plant1 z also :5 foll[+ _! mortal brutal trade ( slaught]+ _! fell[-creatures4#ded ,num]\s in/ances are on record ( fatal results ?r\gh p]sons eat+ ?is plant4 ,9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions 7#agcb1 vol4 xxxvii47 we read ( a man :o 0 poison$ 9 t ye>1 by eat+ "s ( x 9 a salad1 in/ead ( cel]y4 ,dr4 ,turn] m5tions ! case ( "s ,fr5*m5 at ,antw]p1 :o1 eat+ ! %oots ( ?is plant = ma/]wort1 all di$1 ) ! exception ( two1 9 =ty-eight h\rs4 ,! aconitum is equally p]nici\s to animals4 #ded ,phillips1 ,flora ,hi/orica1 #ahbi1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #abb1 #abh4 ,anemone4 ,?is favorite fl[] ( e>ly spr+ is probably allud$ to 9 ! foll[+ passage ( ,v5us & ,adonis3 ,by ?is1 ! boy t by h] side lay kill'd ,0 melt$ l a vap\r f h] sight2 ,& 9 8 blood1 t on ! gr\nd lay spill'd1 ,a purple fl[] sprung up1 *equ]'d ) :ite1 ,resembl+ well 8 pale *eeks1 & ! blood ,:i* 9 r\nd drops ^u _! :it5ess /ood4 ,accord+ to ,bion1 x is said to h sprung f ! te>s t ,v5us wept ov] ! body ( ,adonis3 ,alas1 ! ,paphian6 fair ,adonis sla96 ,te>s pl5te\s z 8 blood %e p\rs ama91 ,b g5tle fl[]s are born1 & bloom ar\nd2 ,f e drop t falls ^u ! gr\nd ,:]e /reams 8 blood1 !re blu%+ spr+s ! rose1 ,& :]e a te> has dropp'd a w9d-fl[] bl[s4 ,o!r classical writ]s make ! anemone to be ! fl[] ( ,adonis4 ,mr4 ,ellacombe#dee says t al?\gh ,%akespe>e does n actually "n ! anemone1 yet ! evid5ce is 9 favor ( ?is plant4 ,! purple color1 he adds1 is no objection1 = purple 9 ,%akespe>e's "t _h a v wide signification1 mean+ almo/ any bright color1 j z purpureus _h 9 ,lat94#def #dee ,plant-,lore ( ,%akespe>e1 pp4 #aj1 #aa4 #def ,phillips1 ,flora ,hi/orica1 #ahbi1 vol4 i4 p4 #ajd4 ,apple4 ,al?\gh ,%akespe>e has s frequ5tly introduc$ ! apple into 8 plays1 yet he has ab/a9$ f allud+ to ! ext5sive folk-lore associat$ ) ?is favorite fruit4 ,inde$1 beyond m5tion+ "s ( ! popul> nicknames by :i* ! apple 0 kn[n 9 8 day1 little is said ab\t x4 ,! t]m apple 0 n orig9ally conf9$ to ! fruit n[ s call$1 b 0 a g5]ic "n appli$ to any fruit1 z we /ill speak ( ! love-apple1 p9e-apple1 etc4#deg ,s :5 ,%akespe>e 7,sonnet xciii47 makes m5tion ( ,eve's apple1 he simply means t x 0 "s fruit t grew 9 ,ed53 ,h[ l ,eve's apple do? ?y beauty gr[1 ,if ?y sweet virtue answ] n ?y %[4 #deg ,ellacombe's ,plant-,lore ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #ac4 7a7 ,! apple-,john1 call$ 9 ,france deux-annes or deux-ans1 because x w keep two ye>s1 & consid]$ to be 9 p]fection :5 %rivell$ & )]$1#deh is evid5tly spok5 ( 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #c71 :]e ,fal/aff says3 ,my sk9 hangs ab\t me l an old lady's loose g[n2 ,i am )]$ l an old apple-,john4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d7 !re is a fur!r allusion3 #a/ ,draw]4 ,:at ! devil ha/ ?\ br\ght !re8 apple-,johns8 ?\ "k'/ ,sir ,john _c endure an apple-,john4 #b;d ,draw]4 ,mass1 ?\ saye/ true4 ,! pr9ce once set a di% ( apple-,johns be=e him1 & told him !re 7 five m ,sir ,johns1 &1 putt+ (f 8 hat1 said1 ',i w n[ take my leave ( ^! six dry1 r\nd1 old1 )]$ knights4' #deh ,dyce's ,gloss>y to ,%akespe>e1 p4 #ae4 ,?is apple1 too1 is well describ$ by ,phillips 7,cid]1 bk4 i473 ,nor ,john ,apple1 ^: )]'d r9d1 entr5*'d ,by _m a furr[1 aptly repres5ts ,decrepit age4 ,9 ,b5 ,jonson's ,b>?olomew ,fair 7i4 #a71 :]e ,littlewit enc\rages ,qu>lus to kiss 8 wife1 he says3 %e may call y an apple-,john if y use ?is4 ,"h apple-,john#dei evid5tly means a procur+ ,john1 besides ! allusion to ! fruit s call$4#dfj #dei ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bi2 probably synonym\s ) ! t]m apple-,squire1 :i* =m]ly signifi$ a pimp4 #dfj ,=by1 9 8 ,vocabul>y ( ,ea/ ,anglia1 says ( ?is apple1 we reta9 ! "n1 b :e!r we mean ! same v>iety ( fruit :i* 0 s call$ 9 ,%akespe>e's "t1 x is n possible to asc]ta94 7b7 ,! bitt]-sweet1 or sweet+1 to :i* ,m]cutio alludes 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7ii4 #d73 ,?y wit is a v bitt] sweet+2 x is a mo/ %>p sauce2 0 app>5tly a favorite apple1 :i* furni%$ _m allusions to poets4 ,g[]1 9 8 ,confessio ,amantis 7#aeed1 fol4 #agd71 speaks ( x3 ,= all su* "t ( love is lore ,& l unto ! bitt] swete1 ,= ?\gh x ?9ke a man fir/ sweete1 ,he %all well fel5 atte la/e ,t x is s[]1 & maie n la/e4 ,! "n is n[ giv5 to an apple ( no great value z a table fruit1 b good z a cid] apple1 & = use 9 silk dye+4#dfa #dfa ,ellacombe's ,plant-,lore ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #af2 ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #dcj2 ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #ha2 ,coles's ,lat9 & ,engli% ,diction>y4 ,a bitt]-suete apple--,am>i-mellum4 7c7 ,! crab1 roa/$ be=e ! fire & put into ale1 0 a v favorite indulg5ce1 especially at ,*ri/mas1 9 days gone by1 & is ref]r$ to 9 ! song ( w9t] 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b73 ,:5 roa/$ crabs hiss 9 ! b[l ,!n nightly s+s ! />+ owl4 ,! bev]age ?us =m$ 0 call$ ,lambs-wool1 & g5]ally consi/$ ( ale1 nutmeg1 sug>1 toa/1 & roa/$ crabs1 or apples4 ,x =m$ ! +r$i5t ( ! wassail-b[l2#dfb & also ( ! gossip's b[l#dfc allud$ to 9 ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #a71 :]e ,puck says3 ,& sometime lurk ,i 9 a gossip's b[l1 ,9 v lik5ess ( a roa/$ crab1 ,& :5 %e dr9ks1 aga9/ h] lips ,i bob1 ,& on h] )]'d dewlap p\r ! ale4 #dfb ,see *apt] xi41 ,cu/oms connect$ ) ! ,cal5d>4 #dfc ,see *apt] on ,cu/oms connect$ ) ,bir? & ,baptism4 ,9 ,peele's ,old ,wives' ,tale1 x is said3 ,lay a crab 9 ! fire to roa/ = lamb's wool4#dfd #dfd ,edit$ by ,dyce1 #ahfa1 p4 #ddf4 ,_m fanciful d]ivations = ?is ^w h be5 ?\ght (1 b x 0 no d\bt nam$ f its smoo?ness & s(tness1 resembl+ ! wool ( lambs4 ,& 9 ,h]rick's ,poems3 ,n[ cr[ne ! b[le ,) g5tle lamb's wooll1 ,add sug>1 & nutmegs1 & g+]4 7d7 ,! codl+1 spok5 ( by ,malvolio 9 ,twelf? ,night 7i4 #e7--,n yet old en\gh = a man1 nor "y en\gh = a boy2 z a squa% is be=e 'tis a peascod1 or a codl+ :5 'tis almo/ an apple--is n ! v>iety n[ s call$1 b 0 ! popul> t]m = an immature apple1 su* z w\ld require cook+ to be eat51 be+ d]iv$ f coddle1 to /ew or boil lightly--h5ce x d5ot$ a boil+ apple1 an apple = coddl+ or boil+4#dfe ,mr4 ,gif=d#dff says t codl+ 0 us$ by our old writ]s = t e>ly /ate ( vegetation :5 ! fruit1 aft] %ak+ (f ! blossom1 began to assume a globul> & det]m9ate =m4 #dfe ,dr4 ,prior's ,popul> ,names ( ,briti% ,plants1 #ahgj1 p4 #ej4 #dff ,note on ,jonson's ,works1 vol4 iv4 p4 #bd4 7e7 ,! lea!r-coat 0 ! apple g5]ally kn[n z ! gold5 russet+4#dfg ,davy1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7v4 #c71 says3 ,!re is a di% ( lea!r-coats = y4 #dfg ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #bdb4 7f7 ,! pipp9 0 =m]ly a common t]m = an apple1 to :i* ref]5ce is made 9 ,hudibras ,r$ivivus 7#agje73 ,a goldsmi? tell+ o'er 8 ca%1 ,a pipp+-mong] sell+ tra%4 ,9 ,taylor's ,workes#dfh 7#afcj7 we read3 ,"l1 :o w\ld take him = a pipp9 squire1 ,t's s b$aub'd ) lace & ri* attire8 #dfh ,quot$ by ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ffb4 ,mr4 ,ellacombe#dfi says ! ^w pipp9 d5ot$ an apple rais$ f pips & n f grafts1 & is n[1 & probably 0 9 ,%akespe>e's "t1 conf9$ to ! bright-color$ long-keep+ apples ( :i* ! gold5 pipp9 is ! type4 ,ju/ice ,%all[1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7v4 #c71 says3 ,nay1 y %all see my or*>d1 :]e1 9 an arb\r1 we w eat a la/ ye>'s pipp9 ( my own graff+4 #dfi ,plant-,lore ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #af4 7g7 ,! pomewat] 0 a species ( apple evid5tly ( a juicy nature1 & h5ce ( high e/eem 9 ,%akespe>e's "t2 = 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7iv4 #b7 ,hol(]nes says3 ,! de] 01 z y "k1 sanguis--9 blood2 ripe z ! pomewat]1 :o n[ hange? l a jewel 9 ! e> ( coelo--! sky1 ! welk91 ! heav52 & anon falle? l a crab on ! face ( t]ra--! soil1 ! l&1 ! e>?4 ,p>k9son#dgj tells u ! pomewat] is an excell5t1 good1 & great :iti% apple1 full ( sap or moi/ure1 some:at pleasant1 %>p1 b a little bitt] )al2 x w n la/ long1 ! w9t]'s fro/ soon caus+ x to rot & p]i%4 #dgj ,!atrum ,botanicum1 #afdj4 ,x appe>s t apples & c>aways 7 =m]ly always eat5 toge!r2 & x is said t !y are /ill s]v$ up on p>ticul> days at ,tr9ity ,college1 ,cambridge4 ,?is practice is probably allud$ to by ,ju/ice ,%all[1 9 ! mu*-disput$ passage 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7v4 #c71 :5 he speaks ( eat+ a la/ ye>'s pipp91 444 ) a di% ( c>raways4 ,! phrase1 too1 seems fur!r expla9$ by ! foll[+ quotations f ,cogan's ,hav5 ( ,heal? 7#aeii74 ,aft] /at+ ! virtues ( ! se$1 & "s ( its uses1 he says3 ,= ! same purpose c>eway se$s are us$ to be made 9 comfits1 & to be eat5 ) apples1 & surely v good = t purpose1 = all su* ?+s z bre$ w9d w\ld be eat5 ) o!r ?+s t break w9d4 ,aga91 9 8 *apt] on ,apples1 he says3 ,h[beit wee are wont to eat c>rawaies or biskets1 or "s o!r k9d ( comfits1 or se$s toge!r ) apples1 !reby to breake w9de +5dr$ by !m1 & surely ?is is a v]ie good way = /ud5ts4 ,mr4 ,ellacombe1#dga h[ev]1 consid]s t 9 ! di% ( c>raways1 m5tion$ by ,ju/ice ,%all[1 nei!r c>away se$s1 nor cakes made ( c>aways1 are meant1 b ! c>away or c>away-russet apple4 ,mo/ ( ! comm5tators are 9 favor ( "o ( ! =m] explanations4 ,mr4 ,dyce#dgb reads c>aways 9 ! s5se ( comfits or confections made ) c>away-se$s1 & quotes f ,%adwell's ,woman-,capta9 ! foll[+3 ,! fruit1 crab-apples1 sweet+s1 & horse-plumbs2 & = confections1 a few c>raways 9 a small sawc]1 z if 8 wor%ip's h\se _h be5 a l\sie inn4 #dga ,plant-,lore ( ,%akespe>e1 pp4 #ag1 #cg4 #dgb ,gloss>y1 pp4 #fe1 #ff4 ,apricot4 ,?is ^w1 :i* is spell$ by ,%akespe>e apricock1 occurs 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7iii4 #d71 :]e ! g>d5] says3 ,g1 b9d ?\ up yond dangl+ apricocks1 ,:i*1 l unruly *ildr51 make _! sire ,/oop ) oppression ( _! prodigal weight4 ,& 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7iii4 #a7 ,titania gives directions3 ,be k9d & c\rte\s to ?is g5tleman1 99 99 99 99 99 ,fe$ him ) apricocks1 & dewb]ries4 ,! spell+ apricock#dgc is d]iv$ f ! ,lat9 prcox1 or prcoquus2 & x 0 call$ ! precoci\s tree1 because x fl[]$ & fruit$ e>li] ?an ! pea*4 ,! t]m apricock is /ill 9 use 9 ,nor?ampton%ire4 #dgc ,see ,notes & ,qu]ies1 #b;d s]ies1 bk4 i4 p4 #dbj4 ,asp54 ,accord+ to a m$ival leg5d1 ! p]petual motion ( ?is tree dates f its hav+ suppli$ ! wood ( ! ,cross1 & t its leaves h trembl$ ev] s9ce at ! recollection ( _! guilt4 ,de ,qu9cey1 9 8 essay on ,mod]n ,sup]/ition1 says t ?is belief is coext5sive ) ,*ri/5dom4 ,! foll[+ v]ses1#dgd aft] tell+ h[ o!r trees 7 pass$ by 9 ! *oice ( wood = ! ,cross1 describe ! hew+ d[n ( ! asp51 & ! dragg+ ( x f ! =e/ to ,calv>y3 ,on ! morr[ /ood %e1 trembl+ ,at ! awful weight %e bore1 ,:5 ! sun 9 midnight blackness ,d>k5$ on ,judea's %ore4 ,/ill1 :5 n a breeze is /irr+1 ,:5 ! mi/ sleeps on ! hill1 ,& all o!r trees are moveless1 ,/&s ! asp51 trembl+ /ill4 #dgd ,see ,h5d]son's ,folk-,lore ( ,nor!rn ,c\nties1 #ahgi1 pp4 #aea1 #aeb4 ,! ,g]mans1 says ,mr4 ,h5d]son1 h a !ory ( _! own1 embodi$ 9 a little poem1 :i* may be ?us translat$3 ,once1 z our ,savi\r walk$ ) m5 bel[1 ,8 pa? ( m]cy ?r\gh a =e/ lay2 ,& m>k h[ all ! droop+ bran*es %[1 ,:at homage be/ a sil5t tree may pay4 ,only ! asp5 /&s erect & free1 ,scorn+ to jo9 t voiceless wor%ip pure2 ,b see6 ,he ca/s "o look ^u ! tree1 ,/ruck to ! he>t %e trembles ev]more6 ,ano!r leg5d tells u#dge t ! asp5 0 said to h be5 ! tree on :i* ,judas hang$ himself aft] ! betrayal ( 8 ,ma/]1 & ev] s9ce its leaves h trembl$ ) %ame4 ,%akespe>e twice alludes to ! trembl+ ( ! asp54 ,9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7ii4 #d7 ,m>cus exclaims3 ,o1 _h ! mon/] se5 ^? lily h&s ,tremble1 l asp5 leaves1 ^u a lute2 & 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d7 ! ho/ess says3 ,feel1 ma/]s1 h[ ,i %ake4 ,yea1 9 v tru?1 d ,i1 an 'tw]e an asp5 leaf4 #dge ,napi]'s ,folk-,lore ( ,we/ ( ,scotl&1 #ahgi1 p4 #abd4 ,ba*elor's ,buttons4 ,?is 0 a "n giv5 to sev]al fl[]s1 & p]haps 9 ,%akespe>e's "t 0 m loosely appli$ to any fl[] 9 bud4 ,x is n[ usually und]/ood to be a d\ble v>iety ( ranunculus2 accord+ to o!rs1 ! ,ly*nis sylve/ris2 & 9 "s c\nties x is appli$ to ! ,scabiosa succisa4#dgf ,accord+ to ,g]>de1 ?is plant 0 s call$ f ! similitude ( its fl[]s to ! jagg$ cloa! buttons1 anci5tly worne 9 ?is k+dome4 ,x 0 =m]ly suppos$1 by c\ntry p1 to h "s magical effect ^u ! =tunes ( lov]s4 ,h5ce x 0 cu/om>y = "y p to c>ry its fl[]s 9 _! pockets1 judg+ ( _! good or bad success 9 proportion z ^! reta9$ or lo/ _! fre%ness4 ,x is to ?is sort ( div9ation t ,%akespe>e probably ref]s 9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7iii4 #b71 :]e he makes ! ho/ess say1 ,:at say y to "y ,ma/] ,f5ton8 he cap]s1 he dances1 he has eyes ( y\?1 he writes v]ses1 he speaks holiday1 he smells ,april & ,may2 he w c>ry 't1 he w c>ry 't2 'tis 9 8 buttons2 he w c>ry 't4 ,mr4 ,w>t]1 9 "o ( 8 notes 9 ,s\!y's ,commonplace ,book 7#ahea1 #d? s]ies1 p4 #bdd71 says t ?is practice 0 common 9 8 "t1 9 ,%rop%ire & ,/af=d%ire4 ,! t]m to we> ba*elor's buttons seems to h gr[n into a phrase = be+ unm>ri$4#dgg #dgf ,dr4 ,prior's ,popul> ,names ( ,briti% ,plants1 p4 #ac4 #dgg ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #de4 ,balm4 ,f v e>ly times ! balm1 or balsam1 has be5 valu$ = its curative prop]ties1 &1 z su*1 is allud$ to 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7i4 #a73 ,b1 say+ ?us1 in/ead ( oil & balm1 ,?\ lay'/ 9 e ga% t love ha? giv5 me ,! knife t made x4 ,9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iv4 #h7 ,k+ ,h5ry says3#dgh ,my pity ha? be5 balm to heal _! w\nds4 #dgh ,see ,ri*>d ,,iii41 i4 #b2 ,timon ( ,a!ns1 iii4 #e4 ,alcibiades1 9 ,timon ( ,a!ns 7iii4 #e71 says3 ,is ?is ! balsam1 t ! usur+ s5ate ,p\rs into capta9s' w\nds8 ,bani%m5t6 ,macbe?1 too1 9 ! well-kn[n passage ii4 #b1 introduces x3 ,sleep t knits up ! ravell'd sleave ( c>e1 ,! dea? ( ea* day's life1 sore lab\r's ba?1 ,balm ( hurt m9ds1 great nature's second c\rse1 ,*ief n\ri%] 9 life's fea/4 ,z ! oil ( consecration#dgi x is spok5 ( by ,k+ ,ri*>d 7,ri*>d ,,ii41 iii4 #b73 ,n all ! wat] 9 ! r\gh rude sea ,c wa% ! balm f an ano9t$ k+4 #dgi ,see #b ,h5ry ,,iv41 iv4 #e4 ,& aga91 9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #a71 ,k+ ,h5ry1 :5 9 disguise1 speaks ?us3 ,?y place is fill'd1 ?y sceptre wrung f !e1 ,?y balm wa%'d (f :]e) ?\ wa/ ano9t$3 ,no b5d+ knee w call !e ,cs> n[4 ,! orig9 ( balsam1 says ,mr4 ,ellacombe1#dhj 0 = a long "t a secret1 b x is n[ kn[n to h be5 ! produce ( sev]al gum-be>+ trees1 especially ! ,pi/acia l5tiscus & ! ,balsamod5dron ,gilead5se1 & n[1 z !n1 ! "n is n /rictly conf9$ to ! produce ( any "o plant4 #dhj ,plant-,lore ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #bb4 ,b>ley4 ,! b>ley bro?1 ( :i* ! ,con/able1 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7iii4 #e71 spoke s contemptu\sly z ! food ( ,engli% soldi]s1 0 probably be]1#dha :i* long be=e ! "t ( ,h5ry 0 s celebrat$ t x gave its "n to ! plant 7b>ley be+ simply ! be]-plant73 ,c sodd5 wat]1 ,a dr5* = sur-re9'd jades1 _! b>ley bro?1 ,decoct _! cold blood to su* valiant heat8 #dha ,ellacombe's ,plant-,lore ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #bc4 ,bay-tree4 ,! )]+ & dea? ( ?is tree 7 reckon$ a progno/ic ( evil1 bo? 9 anci5t & mod]n times1 a notion#dhb to :i* ,%akespe>e ref]s 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7ii4 #d73 ',tis ?\ght1 ! k+ is dead2 we w n /ay4 ,! bay-trees 9 our c\ntry are all )]'d --hav+ obta9$ x probably f ,hol9%$1 :o says3 ,9 ?is ye>e1 9 a mann] ?r\gh\t all ! realme ( ,engl&e1 old baie trees )]$4 ,lupton1 9 8 ,syxt ,booke ( ,notable ,?+s1 m5tions ?is z a bad om53 ,ney!r fall+-sickness1 ney!r devyll1 wyll infe/ or hurt "o 9 t place :]eas a bay-tree is4 ,! ,romaynes call x ! plant ( ! good angel4#dhc #dhb ,see ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #cb4 #dhc ,see also ,evelyn's ,sylva1 #aggf1 p4 #cif4 ,camomile4 ,x 0 =m]ly imag9$ t ?is plant grew ! m luxuriantly = be+ frequ5tly trodd5 or press$ d[n2 a notion allud$ to 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d7 by ,fal/aff3 ,= ?\gh ! camomile1 ! m x is trodd5 on ! fa/] x gr[s1 yet y\?1 ! m x is wa/$1 ! soon] x we>s4 ,n>es#dhd consid]s t ! above 0 evid5tly writt5 9 ridicule ( ! foll[+ passage1 9 a book v fa%ionable 9 ,%akespe>e's day1 ,lyly's ,euphues1 ( :i* x is a p>ody3 ,?\gh ! camomile1 ! m x is trodd5 & press$ d[n1 ! m x spreade?2 yet ! violet1 ! (t5] x is h&l$ & t\*$1 ! soon] x )]e? & decaye?1 etc4 #dhd ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #aej2 see ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #fc4 ,clov]4 ,accord+ to ,johnson1 ! honey-/alks 9 ! foll[+ passage 7,titus ,&ronicus1 iv4 #d7 are clov]-fl[]s1 :i* conta9 a sweet juice4 ,x is n uncommon = cattle to ov]*>ge !mselves ) clov]1 & die1 h5ce ! allusion by ,tamora3 ,i w en*ant ! old ,&ronicus ,) words m sweet1 & yet m dang]\s1 ,?an baits to fi%1 or honey-/alks to %eep4 ,columb9e4 ,?is 0 anci5tly t]m$ a ?ankless fl[]1 & 0 also emblematical ( =sak5 lov]s4 ,x is some:at d\btful to :at ,ophelia alludes 9 ,hamlet 7iv4 #e71 :]e %e seems to address ! k+3 ,!re's f5nel = y1 & columb9es4 ,p]haps %e reg>d$ x z symbolical ( +ratitude4 ,cr[-fl[]s4 ,?is "n1 :i* 9 ,%akespe>e's "t 0 appli$ to ! ragg$ rob91 is n[ us$ = ! butt]cup4 ,x 0 "o ( ! fl[]s t poor ,ophelia wove into h] g>l& 7,hamlet1 iv4 #g73 ,!re ) fanta/ic g>l&s did %e come ,( cr[-fl[]s1 nettles1 daisies1 & long purples4 ,cuckoo-buds4 ,comm5tators are unc]ta9 to :at fl[] ,%akespe>e ref]s 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b73 ,:5 daisies pi$ & violets blue1 ,& lady-smocks all silv]-:ite1 ,& cuckoo-buds ( yell[ hue ,d pa9t ! mead[s ) delight4 ,mr4 ,mill]1 9 8 ,g>d5]'s ,diction>y1 says t ! fl[] "h allud$ to is ! ,ranunculus bulbosus2 b ,mr4 ,beisly1 9 8 ,%akespe>e's ,g>d51 consid]s x to be ! ,ranunculus fic>ia 7less] cel&9e71 or pile-wort1 z ?is fl[] appe>s e>li] 9 spr+1 & is 9 bloom at ! same "t z ! o!r fl[]s nam$ 9 ! song4 ,mr4 ,sw9f5 ,j]vis1 h[ev]1 9 8 ,diction>y ( ! ,language ( ,%akespe>e 7#ahfh71 decides 9 favor ( c[slips3#dhe & ,dr4 ,prior sugge/s ! buds ( ! cr[foot4 ,at ! pres5t day ! nickname cuckoo-bud is assign$ to ! mead[ cress 7,c>dam9e prat5sis74 #dhe ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #bab4 ,cuckoo-fl[]s4 ,by ?is fl[]1 ,mr4 ,beisly#dhf says1 ! ragg$ rob9 is meant1 a well-kn[n mead[ & m>% plant1 ) rose-color$ fl[]s & deeply-cut1 n>r[ segm5ts4 ,x blossoms at ! "t ! cuckoo comes1 h5ce "o ( its names4 ,9 ,k+ ,le> 7iv4 #d7 ,cordelia n>rates h[ he 0 met ev5 n[ ,z mad z ! vex'd sea2 s++ al\d2 ,cr[n'd ) rank fumit]1 & furr[ we$s1 ,) burdocks1 hemlock1 nettles1 cuckoo-fl[]s1 ,d>nel1 & all ! idle we$s t gr[ ,9 our su/a9+ corn4 #dhf ,%akespe>e's ,g>d51 p4 #adc4 ,cypress4 ,f ! e>lie/ times ! cypress has _h a m\rnful hi/ory1 be+ associat$ ) fun]als & *ur*y>ds1 & z su* is /yl$ by ,sp5s] cypress fun]eal4 ,9 ,qu>les's ,argalus & ,p>!nia 7#agbf1 bk4 iii47 a knight is introduc$1 ^: horse 0 black z jet1 ,8 furniture 0 r\nd ab\t beset ,) bran*es slipt f ! sad cypress tree4 ,=m]ly c(f9s 7 frequ5tly made ( cypress wood1 a practice to :i* ,%akespe>e probably alludes 9 ,twelf? ,night 7ii4 #d71 :]e ! ,cl[n says3 ,9 sad cypress let me be laid4 ,"s1 h[ev]1 pref]#dhg und]/&+ cypress to mean a %r\d ( cyprus or cypress--a f9e1 transp>5t /uff1 simil> to crape1 ei!r :ite or black1 b m commonly ! latt]4#dhh ,d\ce#dhi ?9ks t ! expression laid seems m applicable to a c(f9 ?an to a %r\d1 & also adds t ! %r\d is aft]w>ds expressly m5tion$ by itself4 #dhg ,see ,w9t]'s ,tale1 iv4 #d3 ,lawn z :ite z driv5 sn[2 ,cyprus black z e'er 0 cr[4 ,its transp>5cy is allud$ to 9 ,twelf? ,night1 iii4 #a3 a cyprus1 n a bosom1 ,hides my he>t4 #dhh ,see ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 #ahgb1 p4 #aac4 #dhi ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 p4 #ef4 ,see ,mr4 ,g\gh's ,introduction to ,sepul*ral ,monum5ts1 p4 lxvi42 also ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #bba4 ,daffodil4 ,! daffodil ( ,%akespe>e is ! wild daffodil :i* gr[s s abundantly 9 _m p>ts ( ,engl&4 ,p]dita1 9 ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #d71 m5tions a little piece ( wea!r-lore1 & tells u h[ daffodils1 ,t come be=e ! swall[ d>es1 & take ,! w9ds ( ,m>* ) beauty4 ,& ,autolycus1 9 ! same play 7iv4 #c71 s+s ?us3 ,:5 daffodils beg9 to pe]1-- ,)1 heigh6 ! doxy ov] ! dale1 ,:y1 !n comes 9 ! sweet o' ! ye>4 ,d>nel4 ,?is plant1 l ! cockle1 0 us$ 9 ,%akespe>e's day to d5ote any hurtful we$4 ,newton1#dij 9 8 ,h]bal to ! ,bible1 says t "u ! "n ( cockle & d>nel is compreh5d$ all vici\s1 noisome1 & unpr(itable gra9e1 encombr+ & h9d]+ good corne4 ,?us ,cordelia1 9 ,k+ ,le> 7iv4 #d71 says3 ,d>nel1 & all ! idle we$s t gr[ ,9 our su/a9+ corn4 #dij ,see ,dr4 ,prior's ,popul> ,names ( ,briti% ,plants1 #ahgj1 p4 #fc4 ,accord+ to ,g]>de1 d>nel hurte? ! eyes1 & make? !m dim1 if x happ5 ei!r 9 corne = breade or dr9ke4 ,h5ce1 x is said1 orig9at$ ! old prov]b1 lolio victit>e--appli$ to su* z 7 dim-sight$4 ,/eev5s consid]s t ,pucelle1 9 ! foll[+ passage f #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #b71 alludes to ?is prop]ty ( ! d>nel--mean+ to intimate t ! corn %e c>ri$ ) h] _h produc$ ! same effect on ! gu>ds ( ,r\51 o!rwise !y w\ld h se5 ?r\gh h] disguise & defeat$ h] /ratagem3 ,good morr[1 gallants6 want ye corn = bread8 ,i ?9k ! ,duke ( ,burgundy w fa/1 ,be=e he'll buy aga9 at su* a rate3 ',twas full ( d>nel3 d y l ! ta/e8 ,date4 ,?is fruit ( ! palm-tree 0 once a common +r$i5t 9 all k9ds ( pa/ry1 & "s o!r di%es1 & (t5 suppli$ a pun = com$y1 z1 = example1 9 ,all's ,well ,t ,ends ,well 7i4 #a71 :]e ,p>olles says3 ,y\r date is bett] 9 y\r pie & y\r porridge1 ?an 9 y\r *eek4 ,& 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7i4 #b73 ,ay1 a m9c$ man2 & !n to be bak$ ) no date 9 ! pie2 = !n ! man's date's out4 ,ebony4 ,! wood ( ?is tree 0 reg>d$ z ! typical emblem ( d>kness2 ! tree itself1 h[ev]1 0 unkn[n 9 ?is c\ntry 9 ,%akespe>e's "t4 ,x is m5tion$ 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7iv4 #c73 ,k+4 ,by heav51 ?y love is black z ebony4 ,biron4 ,is ebony l h]8 ,o wood div9e6 ,a wife ( su* wood 7 felicity4 ,9 ! same play we read ( ! ebon-col\r$ ink 7i4 #a71 & 9 ,v5us & ,adonis 7#idh7 ( ,dea?'s ebon d>t4 ,eld]4 ,?is plant1 :ile surr\nd$ by an ext5sive folk-lore1 has f "t immemorial possess$ an evil reputation1 & be5 reg>d$ z "o ( bad om54 ,accord+ to a popul> tradition ,judas 0 hang$ on an eld]1 a sup]/ition m5tion$ by ,biron 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b72 & also by ,b5 ,jonson 9 ,e ,man ,out ( ,8 ,hum\r 7iv4 #d73 ,he %all be y\r ,judas1 & y %all be 8 eld]-tree to hang on4 ,9 ,pi]s ,pl[man's ,vision 7ll4 #eic-eif7 we are told h[ ,judas1 he jap$ ,) jew5 silv]1 ,& si!n on an ell] ,hang$ hymselve4 ,s firmly root$ 0 ?is belief 9 days gone by t ,sir ,john ,m&eville tells u 9 8 ,travels1 :i* he wrote 9 #acfd1 t he 0 actually %[n ! id5tical tree at ,j]usalem1 ,& fa/e by is zit1 ! tree ( ,eld] t ,judas h5ge himself ^u1 = despeyr t he hadde :5 he solde & betray$ oure ,"l4 ,?is tradition no d\bt1 9 a great measure1 help$ to give x its bad fame1 caus+ x to be spok5 ( z ! /9k+ eld]4 ,%akespe>e makes x an emblem ( grief4 ,9 ,cymbel9e 7iv4 #b7 ,arviragus says3 ,gr[1 pati5ce6 ,& let ! /9k+ eld]1 grief1 untw9e ,8 p]i%+ root ) ! increas+ v9e6 ,! dw>f eld]#dia 7,sambucus ebulus7 is said only to gr[ :]e blood has be5 %$ ei!r 9 battle or 9 murd]4 ,! ,wel% call x ,llysan gw>d gwyr1 or plant ( ! blood ( man4 ,%akespe>e1 p]haps1 _h ?is piece ( folk-lore 9 m9d :5 he repres5ts ,bassianus1 9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7ii4 #d71 z kill$ at a pit b5ea? an eld]-tree3 ,?is is ! pit & ?is ! eld] tree4 #dia ,fl[]-,lore1 p4 #ce4 ,er+oes4 ,^! 7 =m]ly said to be /rong provocatives1 & z su* are m5tion$ by ,fal/aff 9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7v4 #e73 ,let ! sky ra9 potatoes2 let x ?und] to ! tune ( ,gre5 ,sleeves1 hail kiss+ comfits1 & sn[ er+oes4 ,mr4 ,ellacombe#dib ?9ks t 9 ?is passage ! globe arti*oke is meant1 :i* is a ne> ally ( ! eryngium1 & 0 a favorite di% 9 ,%akespe>e's "t4 #dib ,plant-,lore ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #ff4 ,f5nel4 ,?is 0 g5]ally consid]$ z an inflammatory h]b2 & to eat cong] & f5nel 0 to eat two high & hot ?+s toge!r1 :i* 0 an act ( lib]t9ism4#dic ,?us 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d7 ,fal/aff says ( ,po9s1 he eats cong] & f5nel4 ,mr4 ,beisly /ates#did t f5nel 0 us$ z a sauce ) fi% h>d ( dige/ion1 be+ aromatic1 & z ! old writ]s t]m x1 hot 9 ! ?ird degree4 ,"o ( ! h]bs di/ribut$ by poor ,ophelia1 9 h] di/raction1 is f5nel1 :i* %e (f]s ei!r z a cordial or z an emblem ( flatt]y3 ,!re's f5nel = y1 & columb9es4 #dic ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #cjb2 ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #aei4 #did ,%aksp]e's ,g>d51 p4 #aeh4 ,mr4 ,/aunton1 h[ev]1 consid]s t f5nel "h signifies lu/1 :ile ,mr4 ,beisly ?9ks its reput$ prop]ty ( cle>+ ! sight is allud$ to4 ,x is m probable t x d5otes flatt]y2 especially z1 9 ,%akespe>e's "t1 x 0 reg>d$ z emblematical ( flatt]y4 ,9 ?is s5se x is (t5 quot$ by old writ]s4 ,9 ,gre5e's ,quip = an ,up/>t ,c\rti]1 we read1 ,f5nell ,i meane = flatt]]s4 ,9 ,phyala ,la*rym>um#die we f9d3 ,nor f5nel-f9kle br+ = flatt]y1 ,begot ( 81 & fa9$ c\rtesie4 #die ,quot$ 9 ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #cjc4 ,f]n4 ,accord+ to a curi\s notion f]n-se$ 0 suppos$ to possess ! p[] ( r5d]+ p]sons invisible4 ,h5ce x 0 a mo/ important object ( sup]/ition1 be+ ga!r$ my/ically1 especially on ,midsumm] ,eve4 ,x 0 believ$ at "o "t to h nei!r fl[] nor se$2 ! se$1 :i* lay on ! back ( ! leaf1 be+ s small z to escape ! detection ( ! ha/y obs]v]4 ,on ?is acc\nt1 probably1 proce$+ on ! fanta/ic doctr9e ( signatures1 our ance/ors d]iv$ ! notion t ^? :o c\ld obta9 & we> ?is invisible se$ w\ld be !mselves invisible3 a belief :i* is ref]r$ to 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #a73 ,gad%ill4 ,we h ! receipt ( f]n-se$1 we walk invisible4 ,*amb]la94 ,nay1 by my fai?1 ,i ?9k y are m behold+ to ! night1 ?an to f]n-se$1 = y\r walk+ invisible4 ,?is sup]/ition is m5tion$ by _m old writ]s2 a pro( ( its popul>ity 9 times pa/4 ,x is allud$ to 9 ,beaumont & ,flet*]'s ,fair ,maid ( ! ,inn 7i4 #a73 ,did y ?9k t y _h ,gyges' r+8 ,or ! h]b t gives invisibility8 ,aga91 9 ,b5 ,jonson's ,new ,inn 7i4 #a73 ,i _h ,no m$ic9e1 sir1 to g invisible1 ,no f]n-se$ 9 my pocket4 ,z rec5tly z ,addison's day1 we are told 9 ! ,tatl] 7,no4 #bdj7 t x 0 impossible to walk ! /reets )\t hav+ an adv]tisem5t ?ru/ into y\r h& ( a doctor :o _h arriv$ at ! k ( ! gre5 & r$ dragon1 & _h discov]$ ! female f]n-se$4#dif #dif ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 pp4 #cad-caf4 ,fig4 ,=m]ly ! t]m fig s]v$ z a common expression ( contempt1 & 0 us$ to d5ote a ?+ ( ! lea/ importance4 ,h5ce ! popul> phrase1 n to c>e a fig = "o2 a s5se 9 :i* x is sometimes us$ by ,%akespe>e1 :o makes ,pi/ol say1 9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7i4 #c71 a fico = ! phrase6 & 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7iii4 #f7 ,pi/ol exclaims1 figo = ?y fri5d%ip6 ,9 ,o!llo 7i4 #c7 ,iago says1 ,virtue6 a fig6 ,! t]m to give or make ! fig1 z an expression ( insult1 has = _m ages be5 v preval5t among ! nations ( ,europe1 &1 accord+ to ,d\ce1#dig 0 kn[n to ! ,romans4 ,x consi/s 9 ?ru/+ ! ?umb betwe5 two ( ! clos$ f+]s1 or into ! m\?1 a practice1 z "s say1#dih 9 allusion to a contemptu\s puni%m5t inflict$ on ! ,milanese1 by ! ,emp]or ,fr$]ic ,b>b>ossa1 9 #aafb1 :5 he took _! city4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is altoge!r improbable1 ! real orig91 no d\bt1 be+ a co>se repres5tation ( a disease1 to :i* ! "n ( ficus or fig has always be5 giv54#dii #dig ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 pp4 #cjb-cjh4 #dih ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #cje4 #dii ,see ,gif=d's note on ,jonson's ,works1 vol4 i4 p4 #eb2 ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #afa2 ,du ,cange's ,gloss>y2 ,connelly's ,spani% & ,engli% ,diction>y1 #dto4 ,! fig ( ,spa91 spok5 ( 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7iii4 #f71 may ei!r allude to ! poison$ fig employ$ 9 ,spa9 z a secret way ( de/roy+ an obnoxi\s p]son1 z 9 ,web/]'s ,:ite ,devil3#ejj ,i d look n[ = a ,spani% fig1 or an ,italian salad1 daily2 & 9 ,%irley's ,bro!rs3#eja ,i mu/ poison him2 ,"o fig s5ds him to ,erebus2 or x may1 z ,mr4 ,dyce rem>ks1#ejb simply d5ote contempt or insult 9 ! s5se already m5tion$4 #ejj ,edit$ by ,dyce1 #aheg1 p4 #cj4 #eja ,edit$ by ,gif=d & ,dyce1 vol4 i4 p4 #bca4 #ejb ,gloss>y1 p4 #afa4 ,fl[]-de-luce4 ,! common purple iris :i* adorns our g>d5s is n[ g5]ally agre$ ^u z ! fleur-de-luce1 a corruption ( fleur de ,l\is--be+ spell$ ei!r fleur-de-lys or fleur-de-lis4 ,x d]ives its "n f ,l\is ,,vii41 ,k+ ( ,france1 :o *ose ?is fl[] z 8 h]aldic emblem :5 sett+ =? on 8 crusade to ! ,holy ,l&4 ,x _h already be5 us$ by ! o!r ,fr5* k+s1 & by ! emp]ors ( ,con/ant9ople2 b x is /ill a matt] ( dispute among antiqu>ians z to :at x 0 orig9ally int5d$ to repres5t4 ,"s say a fl[]1 "s a toad1 "s a halb]t-head4 ,x is unc]ta9 :at plant is ref]r$ to by ,%akespe>e :5 he alludes to ! fl[]-de-luce 9 ! foll[+ passage#ejc 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7v4 #a71 :]e ! ,duke ( ,york says3 ,a sceptre %all x h1--h ,i a s\l1-- ,on :i* ,i'll toss ! fl[]-de-luce ( ,france4 #ejc ,see ,w9t]'s ,tale1 iv4 #c2 ,h5ry ,v41 v4 #b2 #a ,h5ry ,,vi41 i4 #a4 ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #b7 ,pucelle decl>es3 ,i am prep>$2 "h is my ke5-edg$ sword1 ,deck'd ) five fl[]-de-luces on ea* side4 ,"s ?9k ! lily is meant1 o!rs ! iris4 ,= ! lily !ory1 says ,mr4 ,ellacombe1#ejd !re are ! facts t ,%akespe>e calls x "o ( ! lilies1 & t ! o!r way ( spell+ is fleur-de-lys4 #ejd ,plant-,lore ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #gc4 ,*auc] seems to connect x ) ! lily 7,cant]bury ,tales1 ,prol4 #bch73 ,h] nekke 0 :ite z ! fl\r-de-lis4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,sp5s] sep>ates ! lilies f ! fl[]-de-luces 9 8 ,%eph]d's ,cal5d>2 & ,b5 ,jonson m5tions ri* c>nations1 fl[]-de-luces1 lilies4 ,! fleur-de-lis 0 n always conf9$ to royalty z a badge4 ,?us1 9 ! squ>e ( ,la ,pucelle1 9 ,r\51 !re is a /atue ( ,jeanne ,d',arc ) fleurs-de-lis sculptur$ ^u x1 & an inscription z foll[s3 ,! maid5's sword protects ! royal cr[n2 ,b5ea? ! maid5's sword ! lilies safely bl[4 ,/4 ,l\is conf]r$ ^u ! ,*ateaubri&s ! device ( a fleur-de-lis1 & ! motto1 ,mon sang te9t les bannirs de ,france4 ,:5 ,edw>d ,,iii4 claim$ ! cr[n ( ,france1 9 ! ye> #acdj1 he qu>t]$ ! anci5t %ield ( ,france ) ! lions ( ,engl&4 ,x disappe>$1 h[ev]1 f ! ,engli% %ield 9 ! fir/ ye> ( ! pres5t c5tury4 ,gillyfl[]4 ,?is 0 ! old "n = ! :ole class ( c>nations1 p9ks1 & sweet-williams1 f ! ,fr5* gir(le1 :i* is itself corrupt$ f ! ,lat9 c>yophyllum4#eje ,! /reak$ gillyfl[]s1 says ,mr4 ,beisly1#ejf notic$ by ,p]dita 9 ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #d7-- ! faire/ fl[]s o' ! season ,are our c>nations & /reak'd gillyvors1 ,:i* "s call nature's ba/>ds-- are produc$ by ! fl[]s ( "o k9d be+ impregnat$ by ! poll5 ( ano!r k9d1 & ?is art 7or law7 9 nature ,%akespe>e alludes to 9 ! delicate language us$ by ,p]dita1 z well z to ! practice ( increas+ ! plants by slips4 ,tuss]1 9 8 ,five ,hundr$ ,po9ts ( ,good ,husb&ry1 says3 ,! gill(l[] also ! skilful doe "k1 ,do? look to be cov]$ 9 fro/ & 9 sn[4 #eje ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #cfc4 #ejf ,%akespe>e's ,g>d51 p4 #hb2 see ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #ahd4 ,h>ebell4 ,?is fl[]1 m5tion$ 9 ,cymbel9e 7iv4 #b71 is no d\bt ano!r "n = ! wild hyac9?4 ,arviragus says ( ,imog53 ?\ %alt n lack ,! fl[] t's l ?y face1 pale primrose2 nor ,! azur$ h>ebell1 l ?y ve9s4 ,hemlock4 ,9 consequ5ce ( its bad & poison\s "*1 ?is plant 0 consid]$ an appropriate +r$i5t = wit*es' bro?4 ,9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #a7 we read ( ,root ( hemlock1 digg$ i' ! d>k4 ,its sci5tific "n1 conium1 is f ! ,greek ^w mean+ cone or top1 ^: :irl+ motion resembles ! gidd9ess produc$ on ! con/itution by its poison\s juice4 ,x is by mo/ p]sons suppos$ to be ! dea?-dr9k ( ! ,greeks1 & ! "o by :i* ,socrates 0 put to dea?4 ,h]b ( ,grace or ,h]b ,grace4 ,a popul> "n 9 days gone by = rue4 ,! orig9 ( ! t]m is unc]ta94 ,mo/ probably x arose f ! extreme bitt]ness ( ! plant1 :i*1 z x _h always borne ! "n rue 7to be sorry = any?+71 0 n unnaturally associat$ ) rep5tance4 ,x 01 !re=e1 ! h]b ( rep5tance1#ejg & ?is 0 soon *ang$ into 'h]b ( grace1' rep5tance be+ ! *ief sign ( grace4 ,! expression is sev]al times us$ by ,%akespe>e4 ,9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7iii4 #d7 ! g>d5] n>rates3 ,"h did %e fall a te>2 "h1 9 ?is place ,i'll set a bank ( rue1 s\r h]b ( grace3 ,rue1 ev5 = ru?1 "h %ortly %all be se51 ,9 ! remembrance ( a weep+ que54 #ejg ,ellacombe's ,plant-,lore ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #bjd2 ,prior's ,popul> ,names ( ,briti% ,plants1 #ahgj1 p4 #aaa4 ,9 ,hamlet 7iv4 #e71 ,ophelia1 :5 address+ ! que51 says1 ,!re's rue = y2 & "h's "s = me3 we may call x h]b-grace o' ,sundays3 ,o1 y mu/ we> y\r rue ) a diff]5ce4#ejh #ejh ,cf4 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well1 iv4 #e2 ,antony & ,cleopatra1 iv4 #b2 ,romeo & ,juliet1 ii4 #c1 :]e ,fri> ,laur5ce says3 ,9 man z well z h]bs1 grace & rude w4 ,malone obs]ves t !re is no gr\nd = suppos+ t rue 0 call$ h]b ( grace f its be+ us$ 9 exorcisms 9 *ur*es on ,sunday1 a notion ent]ta9$ by ,j]emy ,taylor1 :o says1 ref]r+ to ! ,flagellum ,dmonum1 ,fir/1 !y 7! ,romi% exorcis]s7 are to try ! devil by holy wat]1 inc5se1 sulphur1 rue1 :i* f !nce1 z we suppose1 came to be call$ 'h]b ( grace4'#eji ,rue 0 also a common subject ( puns1 f be+ ! same ^w :i* signifi$ sorr[ or pity 7see ,ri*>d ,,ii41 iii4 #d1 cit$ above74 #eji ,a ,dissuasive f ,pop]y1 pt4 i4 *ap4 ii4 sec4 #i2 see ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #cga4 ,holy ,?i/le4 ,! ,c>duus ,b5$ictus1 call$ also bless$ ?i/le1 0 s nam$1 l o!r plants :i* be> ! specific "n ( bless$1 f its suppos$ p[] ( c\nt]act+ ! effect ( poison4#eaj ,cogan1 9 8 ,hav5 ( ,heal?1 #aeie1 says1 ,?is h]be may wor?ily be call$ ,b5$ictus1 or ,omnimorbia1 t is1 a salve = e sore1 n kn[n to physitians ( old "t1 b lately reveal$ by ! special provid5ce ( ,almighty ,god4 ,x is allud$ to 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7iii4 #d73 ,m>g>et4 ,get y "s ( ?is di/ill$ ,c>duus ,b5$ictus1 & lay x to y\r he>t2 x is ! only ?+ = a qualm4 ,h]o4 ,!re ?\ pricke/ h] ) a ?i/le4 ,beatrice4 ,b5$ictus6 :y ,b5$ictus8 y h "s moral 9 ?is ,b5$ictus4 ,m>g>et4 ,moral8 no1 by my tro?1 ,i h no moral mean+4 ,i meant1 pla9 holy-?i/le4 #eaj ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #dfd4 ,insane ,root4 ,!re is mu* d\bt z to :at plant is meant by ,banquo 9 ,macbe? 7i4 #c73 h we eat5 on ! insane root ,t takes ! reason prison]8 ,! orig9 ( ?is passage is probably to be f\nd 9 ,nor?'s ,plut>*1 #aegi 7,life ( ,antony1 p4 #iij71 :]e m5tion is made ( a plant :i* made !m out ( _! wits4 ,sev]al plants h be5 sugge/$--! hemlock1 belladonna1 m&rake1 h5bane1 etc4 ,d\ce supports ! la/1 & cites ! foll[+ passage3#eaa ,h5bane 444 is call$ insana1 mad1 = ! use !re( is p]ill\s2 = if x be eate or dronke1 x bre$e? madness1 or sl[ lyk5esse ( sleepe4 ,n>es#eab quotes f ,b5 ,jonson 7,sejanus1 iii4 #b71 9 support ( hemlock3 well1 read my *>ms1 ,& may !y lay t hold ^u ?y s5ses ,z ?\ had/ snufft up hemlock4 #eaa ,batman's ,^u ,b>?olomu de ,proprietate ,r]um1 lib4 xvii4 *ap4 #hg4 #eab ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #dfe4 ,ivy4 ,x 0 =m]ly ! g5]al cu/om 9 ,engl&1 z x is /ill 9 ,france & ! ,ne!rl&s1 to hang a bu% ( ivy at ! door ( a v9tn]4#eac ,h5ce ! allusion 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7v4 #d1 ,epilogue71 :]e ,rosal9d wittily rem>ks3 ,if x be true t good w9e ne$s no bu%1 'tis true t a good play ne$s no epilogue4 ,?is cu/om is (t5 ref]r$ to by our old writ]s1 z1 = in/ance1 9 ,na%'s ,summ]'s ,la/ ,w & ,te/am5t1 #afjj3 ,gre5 ivy bu%es at ! v9tn]'s doors4 ,& 9 ! ,rival ,fri5ds1 #afcb3 ',tis l ! ivy bu% unto a tav]n4 #eac ,see ,hott5's ,hi/ory ( ,sign ,bo>ds4 ,?is plant 0 no d\bt *os5 f its be+ sacr$ to ,bac*us4 ,! practice 0 obs]v$ at /atute hir+s1 wakes1 etc41 by p :o sold ale at no o!r "t4 ,! mann]1 says ,mr4 ,s+]1#ead 9 :i* !y 7 decorat$ appe>s f a passage 9 ,florio's ,italian ,diction>y1 9 voce tremola1 ,gold foile1 or ?9 leaves ( gold or silv]1 namely1 ?9ne plate1 z our v9tn]s adorn _! bu%es )4 ,we may comp>e ! old sign ( ,an owl 9 an ivy bu%1 :i* p]haps d5ot$ ! union ( wisdom or prud5ce ) conviviality1 ) ! phrase be m]ry & wise4 #ead ,%akespe>e1 vol4 iii4 p4 #aab4 ,kecksies4 ,^! are ! dry1 holl[ /alks ( hemlock4 ,9 ,h5ry ,v4 7v4 #b7 ,burgundy makes use ( ! ^w3 & no?+ teems1 ,b hateful docks1 r\gh ?i/les1 kecksies1 burs1 ,los+ bo? beauty & utility4 ,x has be5 sugge/$#eae t kecksies may be a mi/ak5 =m ( ! plural kex2 & t kex may h be5 =m$ f keck1 some?+ s dry t ! eat] w\ld keck at x1 or be unable to swall[ x4 ,! ^w is probably d]iv$ f ! ,wel% cecys1 :i* is appli$ to sev]al plants ( ! umbellif]\s k9d4 ,dr4 ,prior1#eaf h[ev]1 says t kecksies is f an old ,engli% ^w keek1 or kike1 reta9$ 9 ! nor!rn c\nties 9 ! s5se ( peep or spy4 #eae ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dhb4 #eaf ,popul> ,names ( ,briti% ,plants1 #ahgi1 p4 #abh4 ,knotgrass4#eag ,! allusion to ?is plant 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7iii4 #b7-- ,get y gone1 y dw>f6 ,y m9imus1 ( h9d]+ knot-grass made2 ,y bead1 y acorn6-- ref]s to its suppos$ p[] ( h9d]+ ! gr[? ( any *ild or animal1 :5 tak5 9 an infusion1 a notion allud$ to by ,beaumont & ,flet*] 7,coxcombe1 ii4 #b73 ,we want a boy extremely = ?is function1 ,kept "u = a ye> ) milk & knot-grass4 #eag ,polygonum avicul>e4 ,9 ,! ,knight ( ! ,burn+ ,pe/le 7ii4 #b7 we read3 ,! *ild's a fa!rless *ild1 & say !y %\ld put him into a /rait pair ( gask9s1 'tw]e worse ?an knot-grass2 he w\ld nev] gr[ aft] x4 ,lady-smocks4 ,?is plant is s call$ f ! resemblance ( its :ite fl[]s to little smocks hung out to dry 7,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/1 v4 #b71 z !y us$ to be at t season ( ! ye> especially ,:5 daisies pi$1 & violets blue1 ,& lady-smocks all silv] :ite1 ,& cuckoo-buds ( yell[ hue1 ,d pa9t ! mead[s ) delight4 99 99 99 99 99 ,:5 %eph]ds pipe on oat5 /raws1 99 99 99 99 99 ,& maid5s blea* _! summ] smocks4 ,accord+ to ano!r explanation1 ! lady-smock is a corruption ( ,our ,lady's ,smock1 s call$ f its fir/ fl[]+ ab\t ,lady-tide4 ,?is plant has also be5 call$ cuckoo-fl[]1 because1 z ,g]>de says1 x fl[]s 9 ,april & ,may1 :5 ! cuckoo do? beg9 to s+ h] pleasant notes )\t /amm]+4 ,laurel4 ,f ! v e>lie/ times ?is classical plant has be5 reg>d$ z symbolical ( victory1 & us$ = cr[ns4 ,9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7i4 #a7 ,titus says3 ,come? ,&ronicus1 b\nd ) laurel b\ghs4 ,& 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7i4 #c7 ! latt] exclaims3 ^u y\r sword ,sit laurell$ victory4#eah #eah ,see #c ,h5ry ,,vi41 iv4 #f2 ,troilus & ,cressida1 i4 #c4 ,leek4 ,! fir/ ( ,m>* is obs]v$ by ! ,wel% 9 honor ( ,/4 ,david1 _! patron sa9t1 :51 z a sign ( _! patriotism1 !y we> a leek4 ,mu* d\bt exi/s z to ! orig9 ( ?is cu/om4 ,accord+ to ! ,wel%1 x is because ,/4 ,david ord]$ 8 ,britons to place leeks 9 _! caps1 t !y might be di/+ui%$ 9 fight f _! ,saxon foes4 ,%akespe>e1 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7iv4 #g71 alludes to ! cu/om :5 ref]r+ to ! battle ( ,cressy4 ,fluell5 says1 ,if y\r maje/ies is rememb]$ ( x1 ! ,wel%m5 did good s]vice 9 a g>d5 :]e leeks did gr[1 we>+ leeks 9 _! ,monm\? caps1 :i* y\r maje/y "k to ?is h\r is an hon\rable badge ( ! s]vice2 & ,i d believe y\r maje/y takes no scorn to we> ! leek ^u ,sa9t ,tavy's day4#eai ,dr4 ,ow5 ,pughe#ebj supposes ! cu/om arose f ! practice ( e f>m] contribut+ 8 leek to ! common repa/ :5 !y met at ! ,cymmor?a1 an association by :i* !y reciprocat$ assi/ance 9 pl\gh+ ! l&4 ,anyh[1 ! subject is "o involv$ 9 complete unc]ta9ty1 & ! v>i\s explanations giv5 are purely conjectural 7see p4 #cjc74 #eai ,see ,h5ry ,v41 iv4 #a4 #ebj ,cambrian ,biography1 #ahjc1 p4 #hf2 see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 pp4 #ajb-ajh4 ,lily4 ,al?\gh s _m pretty leg5ds & romantic sup]/itions h clu/]$ r\nd ?is sweet & favorite fl[]1 yet !y h escap$ ! notice ( ,%akespe>e1 :o1 :ile atta*+ to x ! *oice/ epi!ts1 has simply made x ! type ( elegance & beauty1 & ! symbol ( purity & :it5ess4 ,long ,purples4 ,?is plant1 m5tion$ by ,%akespe>e 9 ,hamlet 7iv4 #g7 z =m+ "p ( ! nosegay ( poor ,ophelia1 is g5]ally consid]$ to be ! e>ly purple or*is 7,or*is mascula71 :i* blossoms 9 ,april or ,may4 ,x gr[s 9 mead[s & pa/ures1 & is ab\t t5 in*es high4 ,t5nyson 7,a ,dirge7 uses ! "n3 ,r\nd !e bl[1 self-plea*$ deep1 ,bramble roses1 fa9t & pale1 ,& long purples ( ! dale4 ,ano!r t]m appli$ by ,%akespe>e to ?is fl[] 0 ,dead ,m5's ,f+]s1 f ! pale color & h&-l %ape ( ! palmate tub]s3 ,our cold maids d dead m5's f+]s call !m4 ,9 ,fl[]s f ,/rat=d-on-,avon1 x is said1 !re c be no d\bt t ! wild arum is ! plant allud$ to by ,%akespe>e1 b !re seems no au?ority = ?is /atem5t4 ,love-9-,idl5ess1 or1 ) m accuracy1 ,love-9-,idle1#eba is "o ( ! _m nicknames ( ! pansy or he>t's-ease--a t]m said to be /ill 9 use 9 ,w>wick%ire4 ,x occurs 9 ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #a71ebb :]e ,ob]on says3 ,yet m>k'd ,i :]e ! bolt ( ,cupid fell3 ,x fell ^u a little we/]n fl[]1 ,be=e milk-:ite1 n[ purple ) love's w\nd1 ,& maid5s call x love-9-idl5ess4 #eba ,see ,dr4 ,prior's ,popul> ,names ( ,briti% ,plants1 #ahgj1 p4 #aci4 #ebb ,cf4 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew1 i4 #a4 ,! phrase lit]ally signifies love 9 va91 or to no purpose1 z ,taylor alludes to x 9 ! foll[+ c\plet3 ,:5 passions are let loose )\t a bridle1 ,!n preci\s "t is turn$ to love & idle4 ,t fl[]s1 & pansies especially1 7 us$ z love-philt]s1#ebc or = ! object ( ca/+ a spell ov] p1 9 ,%akespe>e's day1 is %[n 9 ! passage already quot$4 :]e ,puck & ,ob]on amuse !mselves at ,titania's exp5se4 ,aga91 a fur!r ref]5ce occurs 7iv4 #a71 :]e ! fairy k+ removes ! spell3 ,b fir/ ,i w release ! fairy que54 ,be z ?\ wa/ wont to be3 ,see z ?\ wa/ wont to see3 ,dian's bud#ebd o'er ,cupid's fl[]#ebe ,ha? su* =ce & bless$ p[]4 ,n[1 my ,titania2 wake y1 my sweet que54 #ebc ,cf4 :at ,egeus says 7i4 #a7 :5 speak+ ( ,lys&]3 ,?is man ha? bewit*'d ! bosom ( my *ild2 ,?\1 ?\ ,lys&]1 ?\ ha/ giv5 h] rhymes ,& int]*ang$ love-tok5s ) my *ild4 #ebd ,dian's bud is ! bud ( ! ,agnus ca/us1 or *a/e tree4 ,! virtue ?is h]be is1 t he w kepe man & woman *a/e4 ,mac]'s ,h]bal1 #aebg4 #ebe ,cupid's fl[]1 ano!r "n = ! pansy4 ,x has be5 sugge/$1 says ,mr4 ,aldis ,wright1#ebf t ! device employ$ by ,ob]on to en*ant ,titania by ano9t+ h] eyelids ) ! juice ( a fl[]1 may h be5 borr[$ by ,%akespe>e f ! ,spani% romance ( ',diana' by ,george ( ,montemayor4 ,b ap>t f ! difficulty :i* arises f ! fact t no ,engli% translation ( ?is romance is kn[n be=e t publi%$ by ,"y 9 #aeih1 !re is no necessity to suppose t ,%akespe>e 0 indebt$ to any "o = :at mu/ h be5 a famili> elem5t 9 all incantations at a "t :5 a belief 9 wit*craft 0 common4 ,p]cy 7,reliques1 vol4 iii4 bk4 #b7 quotes a receipt by ! celebrat$ a/rolog]1 ,dr4 ,dee1 = an ung5t to anoynt "u ! eyelids1 & ^u ! eyelids ev5+e & morn+e1 b especially :5 y call1 t is1 ^u ! fairies4 ,x consi/$ ( a decoction ( v>i\s fl[]s4 #ebf ,notes to ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream1 #ahgg4 ,preface1 p4 xx4 ,m&ragora or ,m&rake4 ,no plant1 p]haps1 has _h1 at diff]5t times1 a great] %>e ( folk-lore attribut$ to x ?an ! m&rake2 p>tly ow+1 probably1 to ! fanci$ resemblance ( its root to ! human figure1 & ! accid5tal circum/ance ( man be+ ! fir/ syllable ( ! ^w4 ,an inf]ior degree ( animal life 0 assign$ to x2 & x 0 commonly suppos$ t1 :5 torn f ! gr\nd1 x utt]$ groans ( s p]nici\s a "*1 t ! p]son :o committ$ ! viol5ce ei!r w5t mad or di$4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #b7 ,suffolk says3 ,w\ld curses kill1 z do? ! m&rake's groan1 ,i w\ld inv5t1 etc4 ,& ,juliet 7,romeo & ,juliet1 iv4 #c7 speaks ( %rieks l m&rakes' torn out ( ! e>?1 ,t liv+ mortals1 he>+ !m1 run mad4 ,to escape ?is dang]1 x 0 recomm5d$ to tie "o end ( a /r+ to ! plant & ! o!r to a dog1 ^u :om ! fatal groan w\ld dis*>ge its :ole malignity4 ,! anci5ts1 x appe>s1 7 equally sup]/iti\s ) reg>d to ?is my/]i\s plant1 & ,columella1 9 8 directions = ! site ( g>d5s1 says !y may be =m$ :]e ! m&rake's fl[]s ,produce1 ^: root %[s half a man1 ^: juice ,) madness /rikes4 ,pl9y#ebg in=ms u t ^? :o dug up ?is plant paid p>ticul> att5tion to /& s t ! w9d 0 at _! back2 &1 be=e !y began to dig1 !y made ?ree circles r\nd ! plant ) ! po9t ( ! sword1 & !n1 proce$+ to ! we/1 comm5c$ digg+ x up4 ,x seems to h be5 well kn[n z an opiate 9 ! "t ( ,%akespe>e1 :o makes ,iago say 9 ,o!llo 7iii4 #c73 ,n poppy1 nor m&ragora1 ,nor all ! dr[sy syrups ( ! _w1 ,%all ev] m$ic9e !e to t sweet sleep ,:i* ?\ ow'd/ ye/]day4 #ebg ,natural ,hi/ory1 bk4 xxv4 *ap4 #id4 ,9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7i4 #e71 ! que5 pa!tically says3 ,give me to dr9k m&ragora4 ,*>4 ,:y1 madam8 ,cleo4 ,t ,i might sleep out ?is great gap ( "t1 ,my ,antony is away4 ,lyte1 9 8 translation ( ,dodo5s 7#aegh71 p4 #dch1 tells u t ! leaves & fruit be also dang]\s1 = !y cause deadly sleepe1 & peevi% dr[s9ess1 l opium4 ,x 0 sometimes reg>d$ z an emblem ( incont95ce1 z 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #b73 yet le*]\s z a monkey1 & ! :ores call$ him--m&rake4 ,a v dim9utive figure 01 too1 (t5 comp>$ to a m&rake4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #b71 ,fal/aff says3 ,?\ :oreson m&rake1 ?\ art fitt] to be worn 9 my cap1 ?an to wait at my heels4 ,trac+ back ! hi/ory ( ?is plant into f>-di/ant times1 x is g5]ally believ$ t x is ! same z t :i* ! anci5t ,hebrews call$ ,duda94#ebh ,t ^! p held x 9 ! highe/ e/eem 9 ! days ( ,jacob is evid5t f its hav+ be5 f\nd by ,reub51 :o c>ri$ ! plant to 8 "m2 & ! inducem5t :i* tempt$ ,leah to "p ) x proves ! value !n set ^u ?is celebrat$ plant4 ,accord+ to a curi\s sup]/ition1 ?is plant 0 ?\ght to possess ! prop]ties ( mak+ *ildless wives become mo!rs1 & h5ce1 "s suppose1 ,ra*el became s desir\s ( possess+ ! m&rakes :i* ,reub5 _h f\nd4 ,among ! _m o!r items ( folk-lore associat$ ) ! m&rake1 !re is "o :i* in=ms u t x is p]petually wat*$ ov] by ,satan1 & if x be pull$ up at c]ta9 holy times1 & ) c]ta9 invocations1 ! evil _s w appe> to d ! bidd+ ( ! practition]4#ebi ,9 comp>atively rec5t times1 quacks & impo/ors c\nt]feit$ ) ! root briony figures resembl+ p>ts ( ! human body1 :i* 7 sold to ! cr$ul\s z endu$ ) specific virtues4#ecj ,! ,g]mans1 too1 equally sup]/iti\s1 =m$ little idols ( ! roots ( ! m&rake1 :i* 7 regul>ly dress$ e day1 & consult$ z oracles--_! repute be+ su* t !y 7 manufactur$ 9 great numb]s1 & sold 9 cases4 ,!y 71 also1 import$ into ?is c\ntry dur+ ! "t ( ,h5ry ,,viii41 x be+ pret5d$ t !y w\ld1 ) ! assi/ance ( "s my/ic words1 increase :atev] money 0 plac$ ne> !m4 ,9 ord]1 too1 to enhance ! value ( ^! s-call$ miracle-work]s1 x 0 said t ! roots ( ?is plant 7 produc$ f ! fle% ( crim9als :i* fell f ! gibbet1 & t x only grew 9 su* a situation4#eca #ebh ,phillips's ,flora ,hi/orica1 #ahbi1 vol4 i4 pp4 #cbd1 #cbe2 see ,smi?'s ,diction>y ( ! ,bible1 #ahfi1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aggg4 #ebi ,my/ic ,trees & ,fl[]s1 by ,m4 ,d4 ,conway2 ,fras]'s ,magaz9e1 #ahgj1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gje4 #ecj ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 #ahge1 vol4 v4 p4 #aec4 #eca ,see ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne's ,vulg> ,errors1 #aheb1 vol4 ii4 p4 #f4 ,m>igold4 ,?is fl[] 0 a great favorite ) our old writ]s1 f a curi\s notion t x always op5$ or %ut its fl[]s at ! sun's bidd+2 9 allusion to :i* ,p]dita rem>ks1 9 ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #c73 ,! m>igold1 t goes to b$ wi' ! sun1 ,& ) him rises weep+4 ,x 0 also said1 b errone\sly1 to turn its fl[]s to ! sun1 a quality attribut$ to ! sunfl[] 7,helian?us annuus71 & ?us describ$ by ,moore3 ,! sunfl[] turns on h] god :5 he sets ,! same look :i* %e turn'd :5 he rose4 ,a popul> "n = ! m>igold 0 m>y-bud1 m5tion ( :i* we f9d 9 ,cymbel9e 7ii4 #c73 w9k+ ,m>y-buds beg9 ,to ope _! gold5 eyes4 ,m$l>4 ,?is fruit1 :i* ,%akespe>e describes z only fit to be eat5 :5 rott51 is appli$ by ,lucio to a woman ( loose "*1 z 9 ,measure = ,measure 7iv4 #c73 !y w\ld else h m>ri$ me to ! rott5 m$l>4 ,*auc]1 9 ! ,reeve's ,prologue1 applies ! same "n to x3 ,t ilke fruit is ev] l5g] ! w]s1 ,till x be rot5 9 mullok1 or 9 /re4 ,we olde m51 ,i dr$e1 s f>5 we1 ,till we be rot5 c we n be ripe4 ,mi/letoe4 ,?is plant1 :i*1 f ! e>lie/ times1 has be5 an object ( int]e/ to naturali/s1 on acc\nt ( its curi\s gr[?1 d]iv+ its subsi/5ce entirely f ! bran* to :i* x annexes itself1 has be5 ! subject ( widespread sup]/ition4 ,9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7ii4 #c71 ,tamora describes x 9 ! graphic passage bel[ z ! baleful mi/letoe1 an epi!t :i*1 z ,mr4 ,d\ce obs]ves1 is extremely appropriate1 ei!r con=mably to an anci5t1 b errone\s1 op9ion1 t ! b]ries ( ! mi/letoe 7 poison\s1 or on acc\nt ( ! use made ( ?is plant by ! ,druids dur+ _! dete/able human sacrifices4#ecb ,demetrius4 ,h[ n[1 de> sov]eign1 & our graci\s "m1 ,:y do? y\r highness look s pale & wan8 ,tamora4 ,h ,i n reason1 ?9k y1 to look pale8 ,^! two h 'tic'd me hi!r to ?is place3-- ,a b>r5 dete/$ vale1 y see1 x is2 ,! trees1 ?\gh summ]1 yet =lorn & lean1 ,o'ercome ) moss & baleful mi/letoe3 ,"h nev] %9es ! sun2 "h no?+ bre$s1 ,unless ! nightly owl1 or fatal rav54 #ecb ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #chf4 ,mu%room4 ,besides 8 notice ( ! mu%room 9 ! foll[+ passages1 ,%akespe>e alludes to ! fairy r+s#ecc :i* are =m$ by fungi1 ?\gh1 z ,mr4 ,ellacombe#ecd po9ts out1 he probably knew little ( ?is4 ,9 ,! ,tempe/ 7v4 #a71 ,prosp]o says ( ! fairies3 y demi-puppets1 t ,by moon%9e d ! gre5-s\r r+lets make1 ,:]e( ! ewe n bites2 & y1 ^: pa/ime ,is to make midnight mu%rooms2 ! allusion 9 ?is passage be+ to ! sup]/ition t %eep w n eat ! grass t gr[s on fairy r+s4 #ecc ,see page #ae4 #ecd ,plant-,lore ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #aca4 ,mu/>d4 ,tewksbury mu/>d1 to :i* ref]5ce is made 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d71 :]e ,fal/aff speaks ( wit z ?ick z ,tewksbury mu/>d1 0 =m]ly v fam\s4 ,%akespe>e speaks only ( its ?ickness1 b o!rs h celebrat$ its pung5cy4 ,coles1 writ+ 9 #afeg1 says3 ,9 ,gl\ce/]%ire1 ab\t ,teuxbury1 !y gr9d mu/>d & make x into balls1 :i* are br\ght to ,london1 & o!r remote places1 z be+ ! be/ t ! _w af=ds4 ,n>cissus4 ,! old leg5d atta*$ to ?is fl[] is m5tion$ by ,emilia 9 ,! ,two ,noble ,k9sm5 7ii4 #a73 ,t 0 a fair boy c]ta91 b a fool1 ,to love himself2 7 !re n maids en\gh8 ,nutmeg4 ,a gilt nutmeg 0 =m]ly a common gift at ,*ri/mas & on o!r fe/ive occasions1 a notice ( :i* occurs 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b71 9 ! foll[+ dialogue3#ece ,armado4 ',! armipot5t ,m>s1 ( lances ! almighty1 ,gave ,hector a gift1--' ,duma94 ,a gilt nutmeg4 #ece ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #fab4 ,oak4 ,a cr[n ( oak 0 consid]$ by ! ,romans wor?y ( ! highe/ emulation ( /atesm5 & w>riors4 ,to him :o _h sav$ ! life ( a ,roman soldi] 0 giv5 a cr[n ( oak-leaves2 "o1 inde$1 :i* 0 acc\nt$ m honorable ?an any o!r4 ,9 ,coriolanus 7ii4 #a71 ,volumnia says3 he comes ! ?ird "t home ) ! oak5 g>l&4 ,& aga9 7i4 #c73 ,to a cruel w> ,i s5t him2 f :5ce he return$1 8 br[s b\nd ) oak4 ,montesquieu1 inde$1 said t x 0 ) two or ?ree hundr$ cr[ns ( oak t ,rome conqu]$ ! _w4 ,al?\gh s mu* hi/orical & leg5d>y lore h clu/]$ r\nd ! oak1 yet sc>cely any m5tion is made ( ?is by ,%akespe>e4 ,! leg5d ( ,h]ne ! ,hunt]1 :i* seems to h be5 curr5t at ,w9dsor1 is sev]al times allud$ to1 z1 = in/ance1 9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7iv4 #d73 ,mrs4 ,page4 ,!re is an old tale goes1 t ,h]ne ! hunt]1 ,sometime a keep] "h 9 ,w9dsor =e/1 ,do? all ! w9t] "t1 at /ill midnight1 ,walk r\nd ab\t an oak1 ) great ragg'd horns4 99 99 99 99 99 ,page4 444 !re want n _m1 t d fe> ,9 deep ( night to walk by ?is ,h]ne's oak4 ,h]ne's ,oak1 s long an object ( mu* curiosity & en?usiasm1 is n[ no m4 ,accord+ to "o !ory1 ! old tree 0 bl[n d[n ,augu/ #ca1 #ahfc2 & a "y oak 0 plant$ by h] ,maje/y1 ,septemb] #ab1 #ahfc1 to m>k ! spot :]e ,h]ne's ,oak /ood4#ecf ,mr4 ,halliwell-,phillipps1 h[ev]1 tells u1 ! g5]al op9ion is t x 0 accid5tally de/roy$ 9 ! ye> #agif1 ?r\gh an ord] ( ,george ,,iii4 to ! bailiff ,rob9son1 t all ! unsightly trees 9 ! vic9ity ( ! ca/le %\ld be remov$2 an op9ion confirm$ by a well-e/abli%$ fact1 t a p]son nam$ ,gran?am1 :o contract$ ) ! bailiff = ! removal ( ! trees1 fell into disgrace ) ! k+ = hav+ includ$ ! oak 9 8 ga!r+s4#ecg #ecf ,see ,w9dsor ,guide1 p4 #e4 #ecg ,see ,notes & ,qu]ies1 #c;d s]ies1 vol4 xii4 p4 #afj4 ,olive4 ,?is plant1 ev] fam\s f its association ) ! return ( ! dove to ! ark1 has be5 consid]$ typical ( peace4 ,x 0 z an emblem ( peace t a g>l& ( olive 0 giv5 to ,judi? :5 %e re/or$ peace to ! ,israelites by ! dea? ( ,hol(]nes 7,judi?1 xv4 #ac74 ,x 0 equally honor$ by ,greeks & ,romans4 ,x is1 too1 9 ?is s5se t ,%akespe>e speaks ( x :5 he makes ,viola1 9 ,twelf? ,night 7i4 #e71 say3 ,i br+ no ov]ture ( w>1 no taxation ( homage2 ,i hold ! olive 9 my h&1 my words are z full ( peace z matt]4 ,9 ,sonnet ,,cvii4 occurs ! well-kn[n l9e3#ech ,& peace proclaims olives ( endless age4 #ech ,see also #c ,h5ry ,,vi41 iv4 #f2 ,timon ( ,a!ns1 v4 #d2 ,antony & ,cleopatra1 iv4 #f2 #b ,h5ry ,,iv41 iv4 #d4 ,palm4 ,z ! symbol ( victory1 ?is 0 c>ri$ be=e ! conqu]or 9 triumphal processions4 ,its classical use is notic$ by ,%akespe>e 9 ,coriolanus 7v4 #c74 ,volumnia says3#eci ,& be> ! palm1 = hav+ bravely %$ ,?y wife & *ildr5's blood4 #eci ,see ,z ,y ,l ,x1 iii4 #b2 ,timon ( ,a!ns1 v4 #a2 cf4 ,h5ry ,,viii41 iv4 #b4 ,9 ,julius ,cs> 7i4 #b71 ,cassius exclaims3 ,ye gods1 x do? amaze me1 ,a man ( su* a feeble temp] %\ld ,s get ! />t ( ! maje/ic _w1 ,& be> ! palm alone4 ,pilgrims 7 =m]ly call$ palm]s1 f ! /aff or b\gh ( palm !y 7 wont to c>ry4 ,s1 9 ,all's ,well ,t ,ends ,well 7iii4 #e71 ,hel5a asks3 ,:]e d ! palm]s lodge1 ,i d besee* y8 ,pe>4 ,9 8 few notices ( ! pe> ,%akespe>e only m5tions two by "n1 ! w>d5 & ! pop]93 ! =m] 0 *iefly us$ = roa/+ or bak+1 & is m5tion$ by ! cl[n 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #c73 ,i mu/ h saffron1 to col\r ! w>d5 pies4 ,h5ce ,b5 ,jonson makes a pun ^u ,*ur*-w>d5 pies4 ,accord+ to "s antiqu>ians1 ! "n w>d5 is f ! ,anglo-,saxon we>d51 to pres]ve1 z x keeps = a long "t2 b x is m probable t ! ^w _h its orig9 f ! horticultural skill ( ! ,ci/]cian monks ( ,w>don ,abbey1 9 ,b$=d%ire1 f\nd$ 9 ! #ab? c5tury4 ,?ree w>d5 pe>s appe>$ on ! armorial be>+s ( ! abbey4#edj ,x is noticeable t ! w>d5 pies ( ,%akespe>e's day1 color$ ) saffron1 h be5 replac$ by /ew$ pe>s color$ ) co*9eal4 #edj ,see ,ar*ological ,j\rnal1 vol4 v4 p4 #cja4 ,! pop]9 pe> 0 probably introduc$ f ,fl&]s by ! antiqu>y ,lel&1 :o 0 made rector ( ,pop]+ by ,h5ry ,,viii4 ,x is allud$ to by ,m]cutio 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7ii4 #a71 :]e he wi%es t ,romeo 7 a pop]9 pe>4 ,9 ! old dramas !re is mu* attempt at wit on ?is pe>4 ,peas4 ,a practice call$ peascod woo+ 0 =m]ly a common mode ( div9ation 9 love affairs4 ,! cook1 :5 %ell+ gre5 peas1 w\ld1 if %e *anc$ to f9d a pod hav+ n9e1 lay x on ! l9tel ( ! kit*5-door1 & ! fir/ man :o ent]$ 0 suppos$ to be h] future husb&4 ,ano!r way ( div9ation by peascod consi/$ 9 ! lov] select+ "o gr[+ on ! /em1 snat*+ x away quickly1 & if ! good om5 ( ! peas rema9+ 9 ! husk 7 pres]v$1 9 !n pres5t+ x to ! lady ( 8 *oice4 ,t\*/one1 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7ii4 #d71 alludes to ?is piece ( popul> sugge/ion3 ,i rememb] ! woo+ ( a peascod#eda in/ead ( h]4 ,gay1 :o has c>efully *ronicl$ _m a cu/om ( 8 "t1 says1 9 8 ,f\r? ,pa/oral3 ,z peascods once ,i pluck'd1 ,i *anc'd to see1 ,"o t 0 closely fill'd ) ?ree times ?ree1 ,:i* :5 ,i cropp'd ,i safely home convey'd1 ,& o'er my door ! spell 9 secret laid4 #eda ,! cod 0 :at we n[ call ! pod4 ,we may quote1 z a fur!r illu/ration1 ! foll[+ /anza f ,br[ne's ,pa/orals 7bk4 ii4 song #c73 ,! peascod gre5e1 (t ) no little toyle1 ,he'd seek = 9 ! fatte/1 f]til'/ soile1 ,& r5de x f ! /alke to br+ x to h]1 ,& 9 h] bosom = acceptance wooe h]4#edb #edb ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ii4 ,planta94 ,! leaves ( ?is plant 7 c>efully valu$ by our =efa!rs = _! suppos$ efficacy 9 heal+ w\nds1 etc4 ,x 0 also consid]$ z a prev5tive ( poison2 & to ?is suppos$ virtue we f9d an allusion 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #b73 ,b5volio4 ,take ?\ "s new infection to ?y eye1 ,& ! rank poison ( ! old w die4 ,romeo4 ,y\r planta9 leaf is excell5t = t4 ,b5volio4 ,= :at1 ,i pray !e8 ,romeo4 ,= y\r brok5 %94#edc #edc ,see ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/1 iii4 #a4 ,9 ! ,two ,noble ,k9sm5 7i4 #b7 ,palamon says3 ,^! poor slight sores ,ne$ n a planta94 ,poppy4 ,! plant ref]r$ to by ,%akespe>e 9 ,o!llo 7iii4 #c7 is ! opium poppy1 well kn[n 9 8 day = its deadly qualities4 ,x is describ$ by ,sp5s] 9 ! ,fairy ,que5 7ii4 #g1 #eb7 z ! dead-sleep+ poppy1 & ,drayton 7,nymphidia1 v47 enum]ates x among ! fl[]s t procure deadly sleep+4 ,potato4 ,x is curi\s en\gh1 says ,n>es1#edd to f9d t excell5t root1 :i* n[ =ms a regul> portion ( ! daily nutrim5t ( e individual1 & is ! *ief or entire support ( multitudes 9 ,irel&1 spok5 ( cont9ually z hav+ "s p[]ful effect ^u ! human frame1 9 excit+ ! desires & passions2 yet ?is is ! case 9 all ! writ+s contempor>y ) ,%akespe>e4 ,?us ,fal/aff1 9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7v4 #e71 says3 ,let ! sky ra9 potatoes2 let x ?und] to ! tune ( ',gre5 ,sleeves1' hail kiss+ comfits1 etc4 ,9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7v4 #b71 ,!rsites adds3 ,h[ ! devil luxury1 ) 8 fat rump & potato f+]1 tickles ^! toge!r4#ede ,x appe>s1 too1 t ! m$ical writ]s ( ! times c\nt5anc$ ?is fancy4 ,mr4 ,ellacombe#edf obs]ves t ! above passages are ( peculi> int]e/1 inasmu* z !y conta9 almo/ ! e>lie/ notice ( potatoes aft] _! introduction into ,engl&4 #edd ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #fgg4 #ede ,see ,beaumont & ,flet*]1 ,eld] ,bro!r1 iv4 #d2 ,mass+]1 ,new ,way to ,pay ,old ,debts1 ii4 #b2 ,b5 ,jonson1 ,cyn?ia's ,revels1 ii4 #a1 etc4 #edf ,plant-,lore ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #agc4 ,primrose4 ,al?\gh ! e>ly primrose has always be5 su* a popul> & favorite fl[]1 yet x seems to h be5 associat$ ) sadness1#edg or ev5 worse ?an sadness2 =1 9 ! foll[+ passages1 ! primrose pa?s & primrose way are meant to be sugge/ive ( s9ful pleasures4 ,?us1 9 ,hamlet 7i4 #c71 ,ophelia says3 l a puff'd & reckless lib]t9e1 ,himself ! primrose pa? ( dalliance treads1 ,& recks n 8 own r$e4 #edg ,ibid41 p4 #agi4 ,& 9 ,macbe? 7ii4 #c71 ! ,port] decl>es3 ,i _h ?\ght to h let 9 "s ( all pr(essions1 t g ! primrose way to ! ev]la/+ bonfire4 ,curi\s to say1 too1 ,%akespe>e's only epi!ts = ?is fair fl[] are1 pale1 fa9t1 t die unm>ri$4 ,ne>ly all ! poets ( t "t spoke ( x 9 ! same /ra91 ) ! exception ( ,b5 ,jonson & ! two ,flet*]s4 ,re$4 ,among ! uses to :i* ! re$ 0 =m]ly appli$ 7 ! ?at*+ ( h\ses & ! mak+ ( %eph]ds' pipes4 ,! =m] is allud$ to 9 ! ,tempe/ 7v4 #a73 ,8 te>s run d[n 8 be>d1 l w9t]'s drops ,f eaves ( re$s2 & ! latt] 9 ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7iii4 #d71 :]e ,portia speaks ( a re$ voice4 ,x has g5]ally be5 reg>d$ z ! emblem ( weakness1 z 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7ii4 #g73 a re$ t w d me no s]vice4 ,rose4 ,z might be expect$1 ! rose is ! fl[] mo/ frequ5tly m5tion$ by ,%akespe>e1 a symbol1 9 _m cases1 ( all t is fair & lovely4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 9 ,hamlet 7iii4 #d71 ,hamlet says3 ,su* an act 444 takes (f ! rose ,f ! fair =ehead ( an innoc5t love1 ,& sets a bli/] !re4 ,& ,ophelia 7iii4 #a7 describes ,hamlet z1 ,! expectancy & rose ( ! fair /ate4 ,9 days gone by ! rose ent]$ l>gely into ! cu/oms & sup]/itions ( mo/ nations1 & ev5 n[adays !re is an ext5sive folk-lore associat$ ) x4 ,x appe>s t1 9 ,%akespe>e's "t1 "o ( ! fa%ions ( ! day 0 ! we>+ ( enorm\s roses on ! %oes1 ( :i* full-l5g? portraits af=d /rik+ examples4#edh ,hamlet 7iii4 #b7 speaks ( two ,prov9cial roses on my raz$ %oes2 mean+1 no d\bt1 rosettes ( ribbon 9 ! %ape ( roses ( ,prov9s or ,prov5ce4 ,d\ce favors ! =m]1 ,w>ton ! latt] locality4 ,9 ei!r case1 x 0 a l>ge rose4 ,! ,prov5ce1 or damask rose1 0 probably ! bett] kn[n4 ,g]>de1 9 8 ,h]bal1 says t ! damask rose is call$ by "s ,rosa ,prov9cialis4#edi ,mr4 ,fairholt#eej quotes1 f ,fri> ,bacon's ,prophecy 7#afjd71 ! foll[+1 9 allusion to ?is fa%ion3 ,:5 roses 9 ! g>d5s grew1 ,& n 9 ribbons on a %oe3 ,n[ ribbon roses take su* place ,t g>d5 roses want _! grace4 #edh ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 #ahge1 vol4 ix4 p4 #bbg4 #edi ,notes to ,hamlet1 ,cl>k & ,wright1 #ahgf1 p4 #agi4 #eej ,co/ume 9 ,engl&1 p4 #bch4 ,at p4 #egi ! au?or gives sev]al in/ances ( ! extravagances to :i* ?is fa%ion l$4 ,aga91 9 ,k+ ,john 7i4 #a71 :]e ! ,ba/>d alludes to ! ?ree-f>?+ silv] pieces ( ,que5 ,elizabe?1 :i* 7 extremely ?91 & _h ! pr(ile ( ! sov]eign1 ) a rose on ! back ( h] head1 !re d\btless is a full] ref]5ce to ! c\rt fa%ion ( /ick+ roses 9 ! e>3#eea my face s ?91 ,t 9 m9e e> ,i dur/ n /ick a rose1 ,le/ m5 %\ld say1 ',look1 :]e ?ree-f>?+s goes4' #eea ,"s gallants _h _! e>s bor$1 & wore _! mi/resses' silk5 %oe-/r+s 9 !m4 ,see ,s+]'s ,notes1 vol4 iv4 p4 #beg4 ,%akespe>e also m5tions ! use ( ! rose 9 rose-cakes & rose-wat]1 ! =m] 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7v4 #a71 :]e ,romeo speaks ( old cakes ( roses1 ! latt] 9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7,induction1 #a73 ,let "o att5d him ) a silv] bas9 ,full ( rose-wat] & be/rew'd ) fl[]s4 ,ref]r+ to its hi/orical lore1 we may m5tion its fam\s connection ) ! ,w>s ( ! ,roses4 ,9 ! fatal dispute 9 ! ,temple ,g>d5s1 ,som]set1 on ! "p ( ,lanca/]1 says 7#a ,h5ry ,,vi4 ii4 #d73 ,let him t is no c[>d1 nor no flatt]]1 ,b d>e ma9ta9 ! p>ty ( ! tru?1 ,pluck a r$ rose f (f ?is ?orn ) me4 ,w>wick1 on ! "p ( ,york1 replies3 ,i love no col\rs1 &1 )\t all col\r ,( base ins9uat+ flatt]y1 ,i pluck ?is :ite rose ) ,plantag5et4 ,! trail+ :ite dog-rose is commonly consid]$ to h be5 ! "o *os5 by ! ,h\se ( ,york4 ,a writ]1 h[ev]1 9 ! ,qu>t]ly ,review 7vol4 cxiv47 has %[n t ! :ite rose has a v anci5t int]e/ = ,engli%m51 z1 long be=e ! brawl 9 ! ,temple ,g>d5s1 ! fl[] _h be5 connect$ ) "o ( ! mo/ anci5t names ( our isl&4 ,! eld] ,pl9y1 9 discuss+ ! etymology ( ! ^w ,albion1 sugge/s t ! l& may h be5 s nam$ f ! :ite roses :i* ab\nd$ 9 x4 ,! ,york & ,lanca/] rose1 ) its pale /rip$ fl[]s1 is a v>iety ( ! ,fr5* rose kn[n z ,rosa ,gallica4 ,x became fam\s :5 ! two emblematical roses1 9 ! p]sons ( ,h5ry ,,vii4 & ,elizabe? ( ,york1 at la/ br\ght peace & happ9ess to ! c\ntry :i* _h be5 s long divid$ by int]nal w>f>e4 ,! cank]-rose ref]r$ to by ,%akespe>e is ! wild dog-rose1 a "n occasionally appli$ to ! common r$ poppy4 ,rosem>y4 ,?is plant 0 =m]ly 9 v high e/eem1 & 0 devot$ to v>i\s uses4 ,x 0 suppos$ to /r5g!n ! memory2 h5ce x 0 reg>d$ z a symbol ( remembrance1 & on ?is acc\nt 0 (t5 giv5 to fri5ds4 ,?us1 9 ,hamlet 7iv4 #e71 :]e ,ophelia seems to be address+ ,la]tes1 %e says3 ,!re's rosem>y1 t's = remembrance4 ,9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #d7 rosem>y & rue are beautifully put toge!r3 ,= y !re's rosem>y & rue2 ^! keep ,seem+ & sav\r all ! w9t] long3 ,grace & remembrance be to y bo?1 ,& welcome to our %e>+6 ,besides be+ us$ at w$d+s1 x 0 also 9 reque/ at fun]als1 probably = its odor1 & z a tok5 ( remembrance ( ! deceas$4 ,?us ! ,fri>1 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iv4 #e71 says3 ,dry up y\r te>s1 & /ick y\r rosem>y ,on ?is fair corse4 ,?is practice is ?us t\*+ly allud$ to by ,gay1 9 8 ,pa/orals3 ,to %ew _! love1 ! neighb\rs f> & ne> ,foll[$1 ) wi/ful look1 ! damsel's bi]3 ,sprigg'd rosem>y ! lads & lasses bore1 ,:ile dismally ! p>son walk'd be=e4 ,rosem>y1 too1 0 "o ( ! ev]gre5s ) :i* di%es 7 anci5tly g>ni%$ dur+ ! season ( ,*ri/mas1 an allusion to :i* occurs 9 ,p]icles 7iv4 #f73 ,m>ry1 come up1 my di% ( *a/ity ) rosem>y & bays4 ,ru%4 ,be=e ! introduction ( c>pets1 ! floors ( *ur*es & h\ses 7 /rew$ ) ru%es1 a cu/om to :i* ,%akespe>e makes sev]al allusions4 ,9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7iv4 #a71 ,grumio asks3 ,is supp] ready1 ! h\se trimm$1 ru%es /rew$1 cobwebs swept8 & ,gl5d[]1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #a71 says3 ,%e bids y on ! wanton ru%es lay y d[n1 ,& re/ y\r g5tle head ^u h] lap4 ,at ! coronation ( ,h5ry ,v4 7#b ,h5ry ,,iv41 v4 #e71 :5 ! procession is com+1 ! grooms cry1 ,m ru%es6 m ru%es6 :i* seems to h be5 ! usual cry = ru%es to be scatt]$ on a pavem5t or a plat=m :5 a procession 0 approa*+4#eeb ,aga91 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7i4 #c71 ! cu/om is fur!r allud$ to by ,john ( ,gaunt1 :o speaks ( ! pres5ce /rew'd1 ref]r+ to ! pres5ce-*amb]4 ,s1 too1 9 ,cymbel9e 7ii4 #b71 ,ia*imo soliloquizes3 ,t>qu9 ?us ,did s(tly press ! ru%es1 ere he wak5'd ,! *a/ity he w\nd$4 #eeb ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #cgc4 ,& 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #d71 ,romeo says3 ,let wantons1 light ( he>t1 ,tickle ! s5seless ru%es ) _! heels2 an expression :i* ,middleton has borr[$ 9 8 ,blunt ,ma/] ,con/able1 #afjb3 ,bid him1 ^: he>t no sorr[ feels1 ,tickle ! ru%es ) 8 wanton heels1 ,i h too mu* lead at m9e4 ,9 ! ,two ,noble ,k9sm5 7ii4 #a7 ! ,gaol]'s ,daught] is repres5t$ c>ry+ /rew+s = ! two prison]s' *amb]4 ,ru%-be>+s 7 a sort ( rural fe/ival1 :5 ! p>i%ion]s br\ght ru%es to /rew ! *ur*4#eec #eec ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #ac1 #ad4 ,! ru%-r+ appe>s to h be5 a k9d ( tok5 = plight+ ( tro? among ru/ic lov]s4 ,x 0 aft]w>ds vilely us$1 h[ev]1 = mock-m>riages1 z appe>s f "o ( ! ,con/itutions ( ,salisbury4 ,9 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well 7ii4 #b7 !re seems a cov]t allusion to ! ru%-r+3 ,z ,tib's ru% = ,tom's =e-f+]4 ,sp5s]1 9 ! ,%eph]d's ,kal5d>1 speaks ( ,! knott$ ru%-r+s & gilt ,rosem>ie4 ,du ,breul1 9 8 ,antiquities ( ,p>is1#eed m5tions ! ru%-r+ z a k9d ( esp\sal us$ 9 ,france by su* p]sons z meant to live toge!r 9 a /ate ( concub9age2 b 9 ,engl& x 0 sc>cely ev] practis$ except by design+ m51 = ! purpose ( corrupt+ ^? "y wom5 to :om !y pret5d$ love4 #eed ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 p4 #aid4 ,! ru% c&le1 :i*1 9 times pa/1 0 f\nd 9 ne>ly e h\se1 & s]v$ z a night-light = ! ri* & c&le = ! poor1 is m5tion$ 9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7iv4 #e73 be x moon1 or sun1 or :at y please3 ,an if y please to call x a ru% c&le1 ,h5ce=?1 ,i v[1 x %all be s = me4 ,saffron4 ,9 ! foll[+ passage 7,all's ,well t ,ends ,well1 iv4 #e7 !re seems to be an allusion#eee by ,lafeu to ! fa%ionable & fanta/ic cu/om ( we>+ yell[1 & to t ( color+ pa/e ) saffron3 ,no1 no1 no1 y\r son 0 misl$ ) a snipt-taffeta fell[ !re1 ^: villan\s saffron w\ld h made all ! unbak$ & d\ghy y\? ( a nation 9 8 col\r4 #eee ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #cha4 ,spe>-grass4 ,?is plant--p]haps ! common re$--is notic$ 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d7 z us$ = tickl+ ! nose & mak+ x ble$4 ,9 ,lupton's ,notable ,?+s x is m5tion$ z "p ( a m$ical recipe3 ,:oev] is torm5t$ ) sciatica or ! hip-g\t1 let !m take an h]b call$ spe>-grass1 & /amp x1 & lay a little !re( ^u ! grief4 ,mr4 ,ellacombe#eef ?9ks t ! plant allud$ to is ! common c\*-grass 7,triticum rep5s71 :i* is /ill kn[n 9 ! ea/]n c\nties z spe>-grass4 #eef ,plant-,lore ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #cai4 ,/ov]4 ,?is ^w1 :i* is (t5 f\nd 9 ! writ+s ( ,%akespe>e's day1 d5otes fodd] & provision ( all sorts = cattle4 ,9 ,cambridge%ire /ov] signifies hay made ( co>se1 rank grass1 su* z ev5 c[s w n eat :ile x is gre54 ,9 ,! ,tempe/ 7iv4 #a71 ,iris says3 ,?y turfy m\nta9s1 :]e live nibbl+ %eep1 ,& flat meads ?at*'d ) /ov]1 !m to keep4 ,accord+ to ,/eev5s1 /ov] 0 us$ z a ?at* = c>t-lodges & o!r build+s t requir$ b *eap cov]+s4 ,/rawb]ry4 ,%akespe>e's m5tion ( ! /rawb]ry 9 connection ) ! nettle1 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7i4 #a71 ,! /rawb]ry gr[s und]nea? ! nettle1 ,& :olesome b]ries ?rive & rip5 be/ ,neighb\r'd by fruit ( bas] quality1 des]ves1 says ,mr4 ,ellacombe1 a pass+ note4 ,x 0 ! common op9ion 9 8 day t plants 7 affect$ by ! neighborhood ( o!r plants to su* an ext5t t !y imbib$ ea* o!rs virtues & faults4 ,?us sweet fl[]s 7 plant$ ne> fruit-trees ) ! idea ( improv+ ! flavor ( ! fruit1 & evil-smell+ trees1 l ! eld]1 7 c>efully cle>$ away f fruit-trees1 le/ !y %\ld be ta9t$4 ,b ! /rawb]ry 0 suppos$ to be an exception to ! rule1 & 0 said to ?rive 9 ! mid/ ( 'evil communications1 )\t be+ corrupt$4' ,?orns4 ,! popul> tradition1 :i* repres5ts ! m>ks on ! moon#eeg to be t ( a man c>ry+ a ?orn-bu% on 8 head1 is allud$ to 9 ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7v4 #a71 9 ! ,prologue3 ,?is man1 ) lan?orn1 dog1 & bu% ( ?orn1 ,pres5te? ,moon%9e4 #eeg ,see p4 #fh4 ,little else is m5tion$ by ,%akespe>e ) reg>d to ?orns1 save t !y are g5]ally us$ by him z ! emblems ( desolation & tr\ble4 ,violets4 ,an old sup]/ition is allud$ to by ,%akespe>e :5 he makes ,la]tes wi% t violets may spr+ f ! grave ( ,ophelia 7,hamlet1 v4 #a73 ,lay h] i' ! e>?3 ,& f h] fair & unpollut$ fle% ,may violets spr+6 an idea :i* occurs 9 ,p]sius's ,satires 7i4 #ci73 ,e tumulo =tunataque favilla ,nasc5tur viol4 ,! violet has g5]ally be5 associat$ ) e>ly dea?4 ,?is1 ,mr4 ,ellacombe consid]s1#eeh may h aris5 f a sort ( pity = fl[]s t 7 only all[$ to see ! op5+ ye>1 & 7 cut (f be=e ! fir/ beauty ( summ] _h come1 & s 7 look$ ^u z apt emblems ( ^? :o enjoy$ ! bright spr+tide ( life1 & no m4 ,?us1 ! violet is "o ( ! fl[]s :i* ,m>9a c>ries to hang z a c>pet on ! grave 9 ,p]icles 7iv4 #a73 ! yell[s1 blues1 ,! purple violets1 & m>igolds1 ,%all1 z a c>pet1 hang ^u ?y grave1 ,:ile summ] days d la/4 #eeh ,plant-,lore ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #bdh4 ,aga91 9 t exquisite passage 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #d71 :]e ,p]dita enum]ates ! fl[]s ( spr+1 %e speaks (1 violets1 dim1 ,b sweet] ?an ! lids ( ,juno's eyes1 ,or ,cy!rea's brea?2 ^u :i* ,mr4 ,s+]#eei ?us comm5ts3 ,! eyes ( ,juno 7 z rem>kable z ^? ( ,pallas1 & ',( a beauty nev] yet ,equall$ 9 height ( t9cture4' #eei ,%akespe>e1 vol4 iv4 p4 #gf4 ,! beauties ( ,greece & o!r ,asiatic nations t+$ _! eyes ( an obscure violet color1 by means ( "s ungu5t1 :i* 0 d\btless p]fum$1 l ^? = ! hair1 etc41 m5tion$ by ,a!nu4 ,will[4 ,f "t immemorial ! will[ has be5 reg>d$ z ! symbol ( sadness4 ,h5ce x 0 cu/om>y = ^? :o 7 =sak5 9 love to we> will[ g>l&s1 a practice to :i* ,%akespe>e makes sev]al allusions4 ,9 ,o!llo 7iv4 #c71 ,desdemona1 anticipat+ h] dea?1 says3 ,my "m _h a maid call'd ,b>b>a2 ,%e 0 9 love2 & he %e lov'd prov'd mad1 ,& did =sake h]3 %e _h a song (--,will[2 ,an old ?+ 'twas1 b x express'd h] =tune1 ,& %e di$ s++ x3 t song1 to-night1 ,w n g f my m9d4 ,! foll[+ is ! song3#efj ,! poor s\l sat sigh+ by a sycamore tree1 ,s+ all a gre5 will[3 ,h] h& on h] bosom1 h] head on h] knee1 ,s+ will[1 will[1 will[3 ,! fre% /reams ran by h]1 & murmur'd h] moans1 ,s+ will[1 will[1 will[3 ,h] salt te>s fell f h]1 & s(t5'd ! /ones1 ,s+ will[1 will[1 will[3 ,s+ all a gre5 will[ mu/ be my g>l&4 #efj ,! old ballad on :i* ,%akespe>e =m$ ?is song is giv5 9 ,p]cy's ',reliques ( ,anci5t ,poetry' 7#agid1 vol4 i4 p4 #bjh71 f a copy 9 ! ,pepysian collection4 ,a diff]5t v]sion ( x may be se5 9 ,*appell's ',popul> ,music ( ! ,old5 ,"t' 7#b;d edition1 vol4 i4 p4 #bjg74 ,! orig9al ditty is ! lam5tation ( a lov] = ! incon/ancy ( 8 mi/ress4--,dyce's ,%akespe>e1 vol4 vii4 p4 #dej4 ,& fur!r on ,emilia says 7v4 #b73 ,i w play ! swan1 ,& die 9 music4--,s++ ',will[1 will[1 will[4' ,&1 aga91 ,lor5zo1 9 ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7v4 #a71 n>rates3 ,9 su* a night ,/ood ,dido1 ) a will[ 9 h] h&1 ,^u ! wild sea-banks4 ,x 01 too1 9 ref]5ce to ?is cu/om t ,%akespe>e1 9 ,hamlet 7iv4 #g71 repres5t$ poor ,ophelia hang+ h] fl[]s on ! will[ aslant a brook4 ,?is tree1 says ,d\ce1#efa might h be5 *os5 z ! symbol ( sadness f ! cxxxvii4 ,psalm 7v]se #b73 ',we hang$ our h>ps ^u ! will[s2' or else f a co9cid5ce betwe5 ! weep+-will[ & fall+ te>s4 ,ano!r reason has be5 assign$4 ,! ,agnus ca/us 0 suppos$ to promote *a/ity1 & ! will[ be+ ( a mu* l nature1 says ,swan1 9 8 ,speculum ,mundi 7#afce71 x is yet a cu/om t he :i* is depriv$ ( 8 love mu/ we> a will[ g>l&4 ,bona1 ! si/] ( ! ,k+ ( ,france1 on receiv+ news ( ,edw>d ! ,f\r?'s m>riage ) ,elizabe? ,grey1 exclaim$1 9 hope he'll prove a wid[] %ortly1 ,i'll we> ! will[ g>l& = 8 sake4 #efa ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #aje4 ,wormwood4 ,! use ( ?is plant 9 wean+ infants is allud$ to 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #c71 by ,juliet's nurse1 9 ! foll[+ passage3 ,= ,i _h !n laid wormwood to my dug1 99 99 99 99 99 ,:5 x did ta/e ! wormwood on ! nipple ,( my dug1 & felt x bitt]1 pretty fool4 ,yew4 ,?is tree1 /yl$ by ,%akespe>e ! dismal yew 7,titus ,&ronicus1 ii4 #c71 ap>t f ! _m sup]/itions associat$ ) x1 has be5 v frequ5tly plant$ 9 *ur*y>ds1 besides be+ us$ at fun]als4 ,p>is1 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7v4 #c71 says3 ,"u yond yew-trees lay !e all along1 ,hold+ ?9e e> close to ! holl[ gr\nd2 ,s %all no foot ^u ! *ur*y>d tread1 ,be+ loose1 unfirm1 ) digg+ up ( graves1 ,b ?\ %alt he> x4 ,al?\gh v>i\s reasons h be5 assign$ = plant+ ! yew-tree 9 *ur*y>ds1 x seems probable t ! practice _h a sup]/iti\s orig94 ,z wit*es 7 suppos$ to ex]cise a p[]ful influ5ce ov] ! w9ds1 !y 7 believ$ occasionally to ex]t _! =midable p[] aga9/ religi\s edifices4 ,?us ,macbe? says 7iv4 #a73 ,?\gh y untie ! w9ds1 & let !m fight ,aga9/ ! *ur*es4 ,to c\nt]act1 !re=e1 ?is imag9>y dang]1 our ance/ors may h plant$ ! yew-tree 9 _! *ur*y>ds1 n only on acc\nt ( its vitality z an ev]gre51 b z connect$ 9 "s way1 9 hea!n times1 ) ! influ5ce ( evil p[]s4#efb ,9 a /atute made 9 ! latt] "p ( ,edw>d ,i4's reign1 to prev5t rectors f cutt+ d[n trees 9 *ur*y>ds1 we f9d ! foll[+3 ,v]um arbores ips1 propt] v5torum impetus ne ecclesiis noceant1 spe plantantur4#efc #efb ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #bdd4 #efc ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #bee-bff4 ,! cu/om ( /ick+ yew 9 ! %r\d is allud$ to 9 ! foll[+ song 9 ,twelf? ,night 7ii4 #d73 ,my %r\d ( :ite1 /uck all ) yew1 ,o1 prep>e x6 ,my "p ( dea?1 no "o s true ,did %>e x4 ,?r\gh be+ reckon$ poison\s1 x is introduc$ 9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #a7 9 connection ) ! wit*es3 ,gall ( goat1 & slips ( yew1 ,sliv]'d 9 ! moon's eclipse4 ,h[ mu* ! splitt+ or te>+ (f ( ! slip _h to d ) magic we le>n f a piece ( ,slavonic folk-lore4 ,x is unlucky to use = a beam a bran* or a tree brok5 by ! w9d4 ,! devil1 or /orm-_s1 claims x z 8 own1 &1 7 x us$1 ! evil _s w\ld haunt ! h\se4 ,x is a brok5 bran* ! wit*es *oose2 a sliv]'d slip ! woodman w h none (4#efd #efd ,notes & ,qu]ies1 #e? s]ies1 vol4 xii4 p4 #dfh4 ,its epi!t1 d\ble-fatal 7,ri*>d ,,ii41 iii4 #b71 no d\bt ref]s to ! poison\s quality ( ! leaves1 & on acc\nt ( its wood be+ employ$ = in/rum5ts ( dea?4 ,sir ,/eph5 ,scroop1 :5 tell+ ,ri*>d ( ,bol+broke's revolt1 decl>es t ,?y v beadsm5 le>n to b5d _! b[s ,( d\ble-fatal yew aga9/ ?y /ate4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t ! poison int5d$ by ! ,gho/ 9 ,hamlet 7i4 #e71 :5 he speaks ( ! juice ( curs$ heb5on1 is t ( ! yew1 & is ! same z ,m>l[e's juice ( hebon 7,jew ( ,malta1 iii4 #d74 ,! yew is call$ hebon by ,sp5s] & by o!r writ]s ( ,%akespe>e's age2 &1 9 its v>i\s =ms ( eb51 eib51 hib51 etc41 ?is tree is s nam$ 9 no less ?an five diff]5t ,european languages4 ,f m$ical au?orities1 bo? ( anci5t & mod]n times1 x w\ld seem t ! juice ( ! yew is a rapidly fatal poison2 next1 t ! symptoms att5dant ^u yew-poison+ correspond1 9 a v rem>kable mann]1 ) ^? :i* foll[ ! bites ( poison\s snakes2 &1 la/ly1 t no o!r poison b ! yew produces ! laz>-l ulc]ations on ! body ^u :i* ,%akespe>e1 9 ?is passage1 lays s mu* /ress4#efe #efe ,extract ( a pap] read by ,rev4 ,w4 ,a4 ,h>rison1 ,new ,%akespe>e ,society1 #ab? ,may4 #ahhb4 ,among ! o!r explanations ( ?is passage is ! well-kn[n "o :i* id5tifies heb5on ) h5bane4 ,mr4 ,beisly sugge/s t night%ade may be meant1 :ile ,n>es consid]s t ebony is meant4#eff #eff ,see ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e2 ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #dab2 ,beisly's ,%akespe>e's ,g>d51 p4 #d4 ,f c]ta9 anci5t /atutes x appe>s t e ,engli%man1 :ile ar*]y 0 practis$1 0 oblig$ to keep 9 8 h\se ei!r a b[ ( yew or "s o!r wood4#efg #efg ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 iv4 p4 #dbg4 ,see a pap] 9 ! ,antiqu>y 7#ahhb1 vol4 vi4 p4 #ac71 by ,mr4 ,george ,black1 on ! yew 9 ,%akespe>ian folk-lore4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,insects ,,& ,,reptiles4 ,z ,dr4 ,johnson has truly rem>k$1 ,%akespe>e is ! poet ( nature1 = 8 att5tion 0 n conf9$ to ! actions ( m52 he 0 an exact surveyor ( ! inanimate _w2 8 descriptions h always "s peculi>ity1 ga!r$ by contemplat+ ?+s z !y really exi/4 ,:e!r life or nature be 8 subject1 ,%akespe>e %[s pla9ly t he has se5 ) 8 own eyes4 ,s1 too1 he 0 9 ! habit ( tak+ m9ute obs]vation ( ! popul> notions relat+ to natural hi/ory1 s _m ( :i* he has introduc$ into 8 plays1 us+ !m to no small advantage4 ,9 num]\s cases1 also1 ! peculi>ities ( c]ta9 natural objects h furni%$ ! poet ) _m excell5t metaphors4 ,?us1 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7ii4 #c71 ,bol+broke speaks ( ! cat]pill>s ( ! commonweal?2 & 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #a7 ! ,duke ( ,york's reflection on ! de/ruction ( 8 hopes is1 ,?us are my blossoms bla/$ 9 ! bud1 ,& cat]pill>s eat my leaves away1 _! de/ructive p[]s be+ famili>4 ,ant4 ,an anci5t "n = ! ant is pismire1 probably a ,dani% ^w1 f paid & myre1 signify+ su* ants z live 9 hillocks4 ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #c7 ,hotspur says3 ,:y1 look y1 ,i am :ipp'd & sc\rg'd ) rods1 ,nettl$1 & /ung ) pismires1 :5 ,i he> ,( ?is vile politician1 ,bol+broke4 ,blue-bottle4 ,?is well-kn[n insect has (t5 be5 us$ z a t]m ( reproa*4 ,?us1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7v4 #d71 x furni%es an epi!t appli$ by ! abusive tongue ( ,doll ,te>%eet to ! beadle :o _h h] 9 cu/ody4 ,%e reviles him z a blue-bottle rogue1 a t]m1 says ,mr4 ,patt]son1#efh evid5tly sugge/$ by ! simil>ity ( ! colors ( 8 co/ume to t ( ! insect4 #efh ,insects ,m5tion$ by ,%akespe>e1 #ahda1 p4 #aha4 ,bots4 ,our ance/ors imag9$ t pov]ty or improp] food eng5d]$ ^! worms1 or t !y 7 ! (fspr+ ( putrefaction4 ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #a71 "o ( ! c>ri]s says3 ,peas & beans are z dank "h z a dog1 & t is ! next way to give poor jades ! bots4 ,& "o ( ! mis=tunes ( ! mis]able nag ( ,petru*io 7,tam+ ( ! ,%rew1 iii4 #b71 is t he is s begnawn ) ! bots4 ,cricket4 ,! pres5ce ( crickets 9 a h\se has g5]ally be5 reg>d$ z a good om51 & said to progno/icate *e]fulness & pl5ty4 ,?us1 ,po9s1 9 answ] to ! ,pr9ce's "q 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d71 ,%all we be m]ry8 replies1 ,z m]ry z crickets4 ,by _m ( our poets ! cricket has be5 connect$ ) *e]fulness & mir?4 ,?us1 9 ,milton1 ,il ,p5s]oso desires to be ,f> f all resort ( mir?1 ,save ! cricket on ! he>?4 ,x has n always1 h[ev]1 be5 reg>d$ 9 ! same light1 = ,gay1 9 8 ,pa/oral ,dirge1 among ! rural progno/ications ( dea?1 gives ! foll[+3 ,& %rill+ crickets 9 ! *imney cry'd4 ,& 9 ,dryd5's ,o,edipus occurs ! subjo9$3 ,owls1 rav5s1 crickets1 seem ! wat* ( dea?4 ,lady ,macbe?1 also 7,macbe?1 ii4 #b71 9 reply+ to ! "q ( h] husb& aft] ! murd] ( ,duncan1 says3 ,i he>d ! owl scream1 & ! crickets cry4 ,9 ,cymbel9e 7ii4 #b71 also1 :5 ,ia*imo1 at midnight1 comm5ces 8 survey ( ! *amb] :]e ,imog5 lies sleep+1 8 fir/ words ref] to ! *irp+ ( crickets1 r5d]$ all ! m audible by ! repose :i* at t mom5t prevail$ ?r\gh\t ! palace3 ,! crickets s+1 & man's o'er-lab\r'd s5se ,repairs itself by re/4 ,gilb]t ,:ite1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,selborne 7#ahec1 p4 #agd71 rem>ks t x is ! h\sewife's b>omet]1 =etell+ h] :5 x w ra92 & is progno/ic1 sometimes1 %e ?9ks1 ( ill or good luck1 ( ! dea? ( a ne> relation1 or ! approa* ( an abs5t lov]4 ,by be+ ! con/ant companion ( h] solit>y home1 x naturally becomes ! object ( h] sup]/ition4#efi #efi ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 pp4 #aij1 #aia4 ,its suppos$ ke5 s5se ( he>+ is ref]r$ to 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7ii4 #a7 by ,mamillius1 :o1 on be+ ask$ by ,h]mione to tell a tale1 replies3 ,i w tell x s(tly2 ,yond crickets %all n he> x4 ,frog4 ,9 ! ,two ,noble ,k9sm5 7iii4 #d71 ! ,gaol]'s ,daught] says3 ,w\ld ,i c\ld f9d a f9e frog6 he w\ld tell me ,news f all p>ts o' ! _w2 !n w\ld ,i make ,a c>ack ( a cockle-%ell1 & sail ,by ea/ & nor?-ea/ to ! ,k+ ( ,pigmies1 ,= he tells =tunes r>ely4 ,9 days gone by frogs 7 ext5sively us$ = ! purpose ( div9ation4 ,gad-fly4 ,a common "n = ?is fly is ! brize or breese1#egj an allusion to :i* occurs 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7i4 #c71 :]e ,ne/or1 speak+ ( ! suff]+s :i* cattle endure f ?is insect1 says3 ,! h]d ha? m annoyance by ! breese ,?an by ! tig]4 #egj ,see ,patt]son's ,insects ,m5tion$ by ,%akespe>e1 #ahda1 pp4 #ajd1 #aje4 ,& 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7iii4 #aj7 ,%akespe>e makes ! excit$ ,sc>us draw a comp>ison betwe5 ! effect :i* ?is insect produces on a h]d ( cattle & ! abruptness & sudd5 fr5zy ( ,cleopatra's retreat f ! naval conflict3 ,yon ribaudr$ nag ( ,egypt1 ,:om leprosy o'ertake6 i' ! mid/ o' ! fight1 ,:5 vantage l a pair ( tw9s appe>'d1 ,bo? z ! same1 or r ours ! eld]1-- ,! breese ^u h]1 l a c[ 9 ,june1-- ,hoi/s sails1 & flies4 ,x is said t ! t]ror ?is insect causes 9 cattle proce$s solely f ! al>m occasion$ by a peculi> s\nd x emits :ile hov]+ = ! purpose ( oviposition4#ega #ega ,l9nan ,transactions1 vol4 xv4 p4 #djg2 cf4 ,virgil's ,georgics1 iii4 l4 #adh4 ,lady-bird4 ,?is is us$ 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #c7 z a t]m ( ende>m5t4 ,lady ,capulet hav+ inquir$ aft] h] daught] ,juliet1 ! ,nurse replies3 ,i bade h] come4 ,:at1 lamb6 ,:at1 lady-bird6 ,god =bid6 ,:]e's ?is girl8 ,:at1 ,juliet6 ,mr4 ,/aunton reg>ds ?is passage z an exquisite t\* ( nature4 ,! old nurse1 he says1 9 h] fond g>rulity1 uses 'lady-bird' z a t]m ( ende>m5t2 b1 recollect+ its application to a female ( loose mann]s1 *ecks h]self--',god =bid6' h] d>l+ %\ld prove su* a "o4 ,mr4 ,dyce1#egb h[ev]1 consid]s ?is explanation incorrect1 & gives ! subjo9$ note3 ,! nurse says t %e has already bid ,juliet come2 %e !n calls out1 ',:at1 lamb6 ,:at1 lady-bird6' & ,juliet n yet mak+ h] appe>ance1 %e exclaims1 ',god =bid6 ,:]e's ?is girl8' ,! words ',god =bid' be+ prop]ly an ellipsis ( ',god =bid t any accid5t %\ld keep h] away1' b us$ "h m]ely z an expression ( impati5ce4 #egb ,gloss>y1 #ahgf1 p4 #bch4 ,liz>d4 ,x 0 a common sup]/ition 9 ! "t ( ,%akespe>e t liz>ds 7 v5om\s1 a notion :i* probably orig9at$ 9 _! s+ul> =m4 ,h5ce ! liz>d's leg 0 ?\ght a suitable +r$i5t = ! wit*es' caldron 9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #a74 ,suffolk1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #b71 ref]s to ?is idea3 ,_! *iefe/ prospect murd]+ basilisks6 ,_! s(te/ t\* z sm>t z liz>ds' /+s4 ,aga91 9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7ii4 #b71 ,que5 ,m>g>et speaks ( v5om toads1 or liz>ds' dreadful /+s4 ,9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7v4 #a7 x is class$ ) ! toad & owl4 ,mo?4 ,?is t]m1 z ,mr4 ,patt]son rem>ks 9 8 ,insects ,m5tion$ by ,%akespe>e 7#ahda1 p4 #afd71 does n awak5 _m pleas+ associations4 ,9 ! m9ds ( mo/ p x /&s = an insect ei!r contemptible f its size & in]tness1 or positively obnoxi\s f its attacks on _m articles ( clo?+4 ,?us ,%akespe>e1 he says1 employs ! expression mo? to d5ote some?+ trifl+ or extremely m9ute4 ,& 9 ,k+ ,john 7iv4 #a7 we h ! t\*+ appeal ( ,pr9ce ,ar?ur to ,hub]t1 9 :i*1 = mote1 he w\ld sub/itute mo?3 ,ar?ur4 ,is !re no rem$y8 ,hub]t4 ,none1 b to lose y\r eyes4 ,ar?ur4 ,o heav56--t !re 7 b a mote 9 y\rs1 ,a gra91 a du/1 a gnat1 a w&]+ hair1 ,any annoyance 9 t preci\s s5se6 ,!n1 feel+ :at small ?+s are boi/]\s !re1 ,y\r vile int5t mu/ ne$s seem horrible4 ,see also ,h5ry ,v4 7iv4 #a74 ,9 ^! two passages1 h[ev]1 ! correct read+ is probably mote4#egc #egc ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #igc4 ,s]p5t4 ,a t]m us$ by our old writ]s to signify a s]p5t 0 a worm1 :i* is /ill f\nd 9 ! nor? ( ,engl& 9 ! same s5se4 ,x is us$ sev]al times by ,%akespe>e2 z1 = in/ance1 9 ,measure = ,measure 7iii4 #a71 :]e ! ,duke1 address+ ,claudio1 says3 ,?\'rt by no means valiant2 ,= ?\ do/ fe> ! s(t & t5d] =k ,( a poor worm4 ,?is passage also illu/rates an error v preval5t 9 days gone by1 t ! =k$ tongue ( ! s]p5t tribe 0 _! in/rum5t ( (f5ce1 )\t any ?\ght ( ! tee? or fangs1 :i* are its real weapons4#egd ,aga91 ! bl9d-worm or sl[-worm--a little snake ) v small eyes1 falsely suppos$ to be v5om\s--is spok5 ( 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #b71 9 t *>m+ passage :]e ! fairies are repres5t$ z s++ to _! que51 ,titania3 ,y spott$ snakes1 ) d\ble tongue1 ,?orny h$gehogs1 be n se52 ,newts1 & bl9d-worms1 d no wrong1 ,come n ne> our fairy que54 #egd ,cf4 ,macbe? 7iii4 #d73 ,!re ! gr[n s]p5t lies3 ! worm1 t's fl$1 ,ha? nature t 9 "t w v5om bre$4 ,9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #a71 among ! +r$i5ts ( ! wit*es' caldron are ,add]'s =k1 & bl9d-worm's /+4 ,to quote a fur!r allusion1 ,%akespe>e1 9 ,timon ( ,a!ns 7iv4 #c71 speaks ( ,! gild$ newt & eyeless v5om'd worm4 ,mass+] employs ! same t]m 9 8 ,p>liam5t ( ,love 7iv4 #b73 ,! sad fa!r ,t sees 8 son /ung by a snake to dea?1 ,may1 ) m ju/ice1 /ay 8 v5geful h&1 ,& let ! worm escape1 ?an y v\*safe him ,a m9ute to rep5t4#ege #ege ,worm is us$ = s]p5t or vip]1 9 ! ,g5eva v]sion ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 9 ,acts xxvii4 #d1 #e4 ,!re 0 an old notion t ! s]p5t caus$ dea? )\t pa91 a popul> fancy :i* ,%akespe>e has introduc$ 9 8 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7v4 #b73 ,ha/ ?\ ! pretty worm ( ,nilus !re1 ,t kills & pa9s n8 ,! t]m worm 0 also occasionally us$ to signify a poor creature1 z also 0 ! ^w snake4 ,?us1 9 ! ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7v4 #b71 ,ka?>9a says3 ,come1 come1 y fr[>d & unable worms6 ,my m9d ha? be5 z big z "o ( y\rs1 ,my he>t z great1 my reason1 haply1 m4 ,s1 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7iv4 #c71 ,rosal9d uses snake 9 ! s5se ( reproa*3 ,well1 g y\r way to h]1 = ,i see love ha? made !e a tame snake4 ,! s]p5t1 z ! emblem ( +ratitude1 is allud$ to by ,k+ ,le> 7ii4 #d71 :o1 ref]r+ to 8 daught]1 says h[ %e /ruck me ) h] tongue1 ,mo/ s]p5t-l1 ^u ! v he>t3-- ,all ! /or'd v5geances ( heav5 fall ,on h] +rateful top6 ,accord+ to a popul> belief1 /ill cr$it$1 a poison\s bite c\ld be cur$ by ! blood ( ! vip] :i* d>t$ ! poison4 ,?us1 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7i4 #a71 ,m[bray says3 ,i am disgrac'd1 impea*'d1 & baffl$ "h1 ,pi]c'd to ! s\l ) sl&]'s v5om'd spe>1 ,! :i* no balm c cure1 b 8 he>t-blood ,:i* brea?'d ?is poison4 ,9 ,cornwall x is /ill believ$ t ! dead body ( a s]p5t1 bruis$ on ! w\nd x has occasion$1 is an infallible rem$y = its bite4#egf ,h5ce has orig9at$ ! foll[+ rhyme3 ,! beaute\s add] ha? a /+1 ,yet be>s a balsam too4 #egf ,see ,hunt's ,popul> ,romances ( ! ,we/ ( ,engl&1 #ahga1 p4 #dae2 & ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bgj4 ,! old notion t ! snake1 9 ca/+ (f its sl\gh1 or sk91 annually1 is suppos$ to rega9 new vigor & fre% y\?1 is allud$ to by ,k+ ,h5ry 7,h5ry ,v41 iv4 #a71 :o speaks ( ca/$ sl\gh & fre% leg]ity--leg]ity mean+ lightness1 nimbl5ess4 ,9 ,twelf? ,night 7ii4 #e71 9 ! lett] :i* ,malvolio f9ds1 !re is ?is passage3 to inure ?yself to :at ?\ art l to be1 ca/ ?y humble sl\gh & appe> fre%4 ,"o ( ! mo/ useful miracles :i* ,/4 ,patrick is report$ to h p]=m$ 0 8 driv+ ! v5om\s reptiles out ( ,irel&1 & =bidd+ !m to return4 ,?is tradition is probably allud$ to by ,k+ ,ri*>d 7,ri*>d ,,ii41 ii4 #a73 ,n[ = our ,iri% w>s3 ,we mu/ supplant ^? r\gh rug-head$ k]ns1 ,:i* live l v5om1 :]e no v5om else1 ,b only !y1 ha? privilege to live4 ,! way1 we are told1 by :i* ! sa9t p]=m$ ?is a/\nd+ feat ( 8 sup]natural p[] 0 by means ( a drum4 ,ev5 spid]s1 too1 runs ! leg5d1 7 includ$ 9 ?is summ>y process ( excommunicat+ ! s]p5t race4 ,"o ( ! cu/oms1 !re=e1 obs]v$ on ,/4 ,patrick's day1 is visit+ ,croagh ,patrick4 ,?is sacr$ hill is situat$ 9 ! c\nty ( ,mayo1 & is said to h be5 ! spot *os5 by ,/4 ,patrick = bani%+ ! s]p5ts & o!r noxi\s animals into ! sea4 ,9 ,julius ,cs> 7ii4 #a71 :]e ,brutus says1 ,x is ! bright day t br+s =? ! add]2 ,& t craves w>y walk+4 we may comp>e ! popul> adage1 ,m>* w9d ,wakes ! e!r 7i4 e41 add]7 & blooms ! :94#egg #egg ,d5ham's ,wea!r ,prov]bs1 #ahdb4 ,spid]4 ,?is little creature1 :i*1 9 daily life1 is seldom notic$ except = its cobweb1 ! pres5ce ( :i* 9 a h\se g5]ally betok5s neglect1 has1 h[ev]1 an int]e/+ hi/ory1 be+ ! subject ( _m a curi\s leg5d & qua9t sup]/ition4 ,?us1 x has n escap$ ! all-p]vad+ eye ( ,%akespe>e1 :o has giv5 u _m curi\s scraps ( folk-lore conc]n+ x4 ,9 days gone by ! web ( ! common h\se-spid] 0 mu* 9 reque/ = /opp+ ! effusion ( blood2 & h5ce ,bottom1 9 address+ "o ( 8 fairy att5dants 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7iii4 #a71 says3 ,i %all desire y ( m acqua9tance1 good ,ma/] ,cobweb3 if ,i cut my f+]1 ,i %all make bold ) y4 ,its m$ic9al virtues1 h[ev]1 d n end "h1 =1 9 ,sussex#egh x is us$ 9 cases ( jaundice1 _m an old doctress prescrib+ a live spid] roll$ up 9 butt]4 ,x is /at$1 too1 t ! web is n>cotic1 & has be5 adm9i/]$ int]nally 9 c]ta9 cases ( fev]1 ) success4#egi ,z a rem$y = ague x has be5 consid]$ mo/ efficaci\s4 ,"s ye>s ago a lady 9 ! s\? ( ,irel& 0 celebrat$ f> & ne> = h] cure ( ?is disord]4 ,h] rem$y 0 a l>ge h\se-spid] tak5 alive1 envelop$ 9 treacle or pres]ve4 ,( c\rse1 ! p>ties 7 c>efully kept 9 ignorance ( :at ! wond]ful rem$y 04#ehj #egh ,folk-,lore ,record1 #ahgh1 vol4 i4 p4 #de4 #egi ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 vol4 iii4 pp4 #bbc1 #bhg1 #cha4 #ehj ,see article on ,spid]-,lore1 9 ,graphic1 ,novemb] #ac1 #ahhj4 ,accord+ to a univ]sal belief1 spid]s 7 =m]ly consid]$ highly v5om\s1 9 allusion to :i* notion ,k+ ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7iii4 #b71 9 salut+ ! de> e>? on :i* he /&s1 aft] late toss+ on ! break+ seas1 acco/s x ?us3 ,fe$ n ?y sov]eign's foe1 my g5tle e>?1 ,nor ) ?y sweets com=t 8 rav5\s s5se2 ,b let ?y spid]s1 t suck up ?y v5om1 ,& heavy-gait$ toads1 lie 9 _! way1 ,do+ annoyance to ! trea*]\s feet1 ,:i* ) usurp+ /eps d trample !e4 ,aga91 ,leontes1 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7ii4 #a71 rem>ks3 ,!re may be 9 ! cup ,a spid] /eep'd4 ,9 ,cymbel9e 7iv4 #b7 & ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7i4 #b7 ,%akespe>e classes x ) add]s & toads2 & 9 ! latt] play 7i4 #c71 :5 ,que5 ,m>g>et is hurl+ imprecations on h] enemies1 %e is turn$ f h] enc\nt] ) ,glo/] by a rem>k made by ,que5 ,elizabe?2 & :ile a pity+ _s seems = a m9ute to supplant h] rage1 %e addresses h] successor 9 ^! words3 ,poor pa9t$ que51 va9 fl\ri% ( my =tune6 ,:y /rew'/ ?\ sug> on t bottl$ spid]1 ,^: deadly web ensn>e? !e ab\t8 ,9 ano!r "p ( ! same play 7iv4 #d7 ! epi!t bottl$ is aga9 appli$ 9 a simil> mann] by ,que5 ,elizabe?3 ,t bottl$ spid]1 t f\l bun*-back'd toad6 ,ritson1 on ^! two passages1 has ! foll[+ rem>ks on ! t]m1 bottl$ spid]3 ,a l>ge1 bloat$1 glossy spid]1 suppos$ to conta9 v5om proportionate to its size4 ,! orig9 ( ! silv]y ?reads ( gossam] :i* are s frequ5tly se5 ext5d+ f bu% to bu% 0 =m]ly unkn[n4 ,sp5s]1 = in/ance1 speaks ( !m z scor*$ dew2 & ,?omson1 9 8 ,autumn1 m5tions ! filmy ?reads ( dew evaporate2 :i* probably1 says ,mr4 ,patt]son1#eha ref]s to ! same object4 ,! gossam] is n[1 h[ev]1 kn[n to be ! production ( a m9ute spid]4 ,x is twice m5tion$ by ,%akespe>e1 b n 9 connection ) ! little be+ f :i* x orig9ates4 ,"o ( ! passages is 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7ii4 #f73 ,a lov] may be/ride ! gossam] ,t idles 9 ! wanton summ] air1 ,& yet n fall2 s light is vanity4 #eha ,insects ,m5tion$ by ,%akespe>e1 #ahda1 p4 #bbj4 ,! o!r occurs 9 ,k+ ,le> 7iv4 #f71 :]e ,edg> acco/s 8 fa!r1 aft] 8 suppos$ leap f t cliff1 ^: high & b5d+ head ,looks fe>fully 9 ! conf9$ deep4 ,he says3 ,had/ ?\ be5 aught b gossam]1 fea!rs1 air1 ,s _m fa?om d[n precipitat+1 ,?\'d/ %iv]'d l an egg4 ,9 ea* case x is expressive ( extreme lightness4 ,n>es1 9 8 ,gloss>y 7vol4 i4 p4 #cgh71 consid]s t ! t]m gossam] orig9ally came f ! ,fr5* gossamp9e1 ! cotton-tree1 & is equival5t to cotton-wool4 ,he says t x also means any light1 d[ny matt]1 su* z ! fly+ se$s ( ?i/les & o!r plants1 &1 9 poetry1 is n unfrequ5tly us$ to d5ote ! long1 float+ cobwebs se5 9 f9e wea!r4 ,9 ! above passage f ,k+ ,le> he ?9ks x has ! orig9al s5se1 & 9 ! "o f ,romeo & ,juliet probably ! la/4 ,"s are ( op9ion t ! ^w is d]iv$ f goss1 ! gorse or furze4#ehb ,9 ,g]many ! popul> belief attributes ! manufacture ( ! gossam] to ! dw>fs & elves4 ,( ,k+ ,ob]on1 x may be rememb]$1 we are told1 ,a ri* mantle he did we>1 ,made ( t9sel gossam]1 ,be/>r$ ov] ) a few ,diamond drops ( morn+ dew4 #ehb ,see ,crok]'s ,fairy ,leg5ds & ,traditions ( ! ,s\? ( ,irel&1 edit$ by ,t4 ,wright1 #ahfb1 p4 #bae4 ,hogg1 too1 introduces x z a vehicle fit = ! fairy b&s1 :i* he describes z sail+ 'mid ! gold5 air ,9 skiffs ( yield+ gossam]4 ,toad4 ,among ! vulg> errors ( ,%akespe>e's day 0 ! belief t ! head ( ! toad conta9$ a /one possess+ great m$ic9al virtues4 ,9 ,z ,y ,l ,x1 7ii4 #a71 ! ,duke says3 ,sweet are ! uses ( adv]sity2 ,:i*1 l ! toad1 ugly & v5om\s1 ,we>s yet a preci\s jewel 9 8 head4 ,lupton1 9 8 ,"o ,?\s& ,notable ,?+s1 says t a toad-/one1 call$ ,crepaud9a1 t\*+ any "p env5om$ by ! bite ( a rat1 wasp1 spid]1 or o!r v5om\s bea/1 ceases ! pa9 & swell+ !re(4 ,9 ! ,londesbor\gh ,collection is a silv] r+ ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 9 :i* "o ( ^! /ones is set4#ehc #ehc ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 vol4 ii4 pp4 #ej-ee2 ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 pp4 #aha-ahc4 ,x 0 also g5]ally believ$ t ! toad 0 highly v5om\s--a notion to :i* !re are con/ant allusions 9 ,%akespe>e's plays2 z1 = example1 9 ! above passage1 :]e x is spok5 ( z ugly & v5om\s4 ,9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7i4 #b71 ,lady ,anne says to ,glo/]3 ,nev] hung poison on a f\l] toad4 ,&1 9 ano!r sc5e 7i4 #c71 ,que5 ,m>g>et speaks ( ?is pois'n\s bun*-back'd toad4 ,once m1 9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7iv4 #b71 ! ,nurse describes ,que5 ,tamora's babe z be+ z loa?some z a toad4 ,!re is d\btless "s tru? 9 ?is belief1 z ! foll[+ quotation f ,mr4 ,frank ,buckl&'s ,curiosities ( ,natural ,hi/ory seems to %[3 ,toads are g5]ally report$ to be poison\s2 & ?is is p]fectly true to a c]ta9 ext5t4 ,l ! liz>ds1 !y h gl&s 9 _! sk9 :i* secrete a :ite1 highly acid fluid1 & j beh9d ! head are se5 two em95ces l split beans2 if ^! be press$1 ?is acid fluid w come out--only let ! op]ator m9d t x does n get into 8 eyes1 = x g5]ally comes out ) a jet4 ,!re are also o!r gl&s disp]s$ ?r\gh ! sk94 ,a dog w nev] take a toad 9 8 m\?1 & ! reason is t ?is gl&ul> secretion burns 8 tongue & lips4 ,x is also poison\s to ! human subject4 ,mr4 ,blick1 surgeon1 ( ,islip1 ,ox=d%ire1#ehd tells me t a man once made a wag]1 :5 half drunk1 9 a village public-h\se1 t he w\ld bite a toad's head (f2 he did s1 b 9 a few h\rs 8 lips1 tongue1 & ?roat began to swell 9 a mo/ al>m+ way1 & he 0 dang]\sly ill = "s "t4 #ehd ,see ,notes & ,qu]ies1 #f? s]ies1 vol4 v4 pp4 #cb1 #agc3 also1 ,gilb]t ,:ite's ,natural ,hi/ory ( ,selborne1 lett] xvii4 ,ow+ to ! suppos$ highly v5om\s "* ( ! toad1 sup]/ition1 says ,p5nant1#ehe gave x pret]natural p[]s1 & made x a pr9cipal +r$i5t 9 ! incantations ( nocturnal hags4 ,?us1 9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #a71 ! wit* says3 ,toad t "u cold /one1 ,days & nights has ?irty-"o ,swelt]'d v5om sleep+ got1 ,boil ?\ fir/ i' ! *>m$ pot4 #ehe ,zoology1 #agff1 vol4 iii4 p4 #ae4 ,p5nant adds t ?is 0 int5d$ = a design ( ! fir/ consid]ation1 t ( rais+ & br++ be=e ! eyes ( ,macbe? a hateful second-sight ( ! prosp]ity ( ,banquo's l9e4 ,?is %[s ! mighty p[] attribut$ to ?is animal by ! deal]s 9 ! magic art4 ,! evil _s1 too1 has be5 lik5$ by "o ( our ma/] b>ds to ! toad1 z a semblance ( all t is devili% & disgu/+ 7,p>adise ,lo/1 iv4 #hjj73 ,him !y f\nd1 ,squat l a toad1 close at ! e> ( ,eve1 ,assay+ ) all 8 devili% art to rea* ,! organs ( h] fancy4 ,9 ,macbe? 7i4 #a71 ! paddock or toad is made ! "n ( a famili> _s3 ,paddock#ehf calls4--,anon6 #ehf ,cf4 ,hamlet1 iii4 #d2 "h paddock is us$ = a toad4 ,wasp4 ,s easily1 we are told1#ehg is ! wra?ful temp]am5t ( ?is insect ar\s$1 t extreme irascibility c sc>cely be bett] express$ ?an by ! t]m waspi%4 ,x is 9 ?is s5se t ,%akespe>e has appli$ ! epi!t1 h] waspi%-head$ son1 9 ! ,tempe/ 7iv4 #a71 :]e we are told t ,cupid is resolv$ to be a boy outright4 ,aga91 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7iv4 #c71 ,silvius says3 ,i "k n ! cont5ts2 b1 z ,i guess ,by ! /]n br[ & waspi% action ,:i* %e did use z %e 0 writ+ ( x1 ,x be>s an angry t5or4 #ehg ,patt]son's ,insects ,m5tion$ by ,%akespe>e1 #ahda1 p4 #acg4 ,aga91 9 ! ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7ii4 #a71 ,petru*io addresses 8 int5d$ sp\se 9 language n highly complim5t>y3 ,pet4 ,come1 come1 y wasp2 i' fai?1 y are too angry4 ,ka?4 ,if ,i be waspi%1 be/ bew>e my /+4 ,pet4 ,my rem$y is1 !n1 to pluck x out4 ,9 ! celebrat$ sc5e 9 ,julius ,cs> 7iv4 #c71 9 :i* ! reconciliation betwe5 ,brutus & ,cassius is effect$1 ! ^w is us$ 9 a simil> s5se3 ,i'll use y = my mir?1 yea1 = my laught]1 ,:5 y are waspi%4#ehh #ehh ,cf4 ,titus ,&ronicus1 ii4 #c2 ,h5ry ,,viii41 iii4 #c4 ,wat]-,fly4 ,?is little insect1 :i*1 on a sunny day1 may be se5 almo/ on e pool1 dimpl+ ! glassy surface ( ! wat]1 is us$ z a t]m ( reproa* by ,%akespe>e4 ,?us1 ,hamlet 7v4 #b71 speak+ ( ,osric1 asks ,horatio1 ,do/ "k ?is wat]-fly8 ,9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7v4 #a71 ,!rsites exclaims3 ,ah1 h[ ! poor _w is pe/]$ ) su* wat]-flies1 dim9utives ( nature4 ,johnson says x is ! prop] emblem ( a busy trifl]1 because x skips up & d[n ^u ! surface ( ! wat] )\t any app>5t purpose4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,folk-,,m$ic9e4 ,)\t discuss+ ! ext5t ( ,%akespe>e's te*nical m$ical k1 ! foll[+ pages w suffice to %[ t he 0 fully acqua9t$ ) _m ( ! popul> notions preval5t 9 8 day respect+ c]ta9 diseases & _! cures4 ,^!1 no d\bt1 he collect$ p>tly f ! lit]ature ( ! p]iod1 ) :i* he 0 s fully conv]sant1 besides ga!r+ a good deal ( in=mation on ! subject f daily obs]vation4 ,anyh[1 he has bequea!d to u "s int]e/+ p>ticul>s relat+ to ! folk-m$ic9e ( bygone times1 :i* is ( value1 9 s f> z x helps to illu/rate ! hi/ory ( m$ic9e 9 pa/ ye>s4 ,9 ,%akespe>e's day ! condition ( m$ical sci5ce 0 v unlike t at ! pres5t day4 ,z ,mr4 ,goadby1 9 8 ,engl& ( ,%akespe>e 7#ahha1 p4 #ajd71 rem>ks1 ! man ( sci5ce 0 always m or less ( an al*emi/1 & ! /ud5ts ( m$ic9e 7 usually ext5sive deal]s 9 *>ms & philtres4 ,if a man want$ ble$+ he w5t to a b>b]-surgeon1 & :5 he requir$ m$ic9e he consult$ an apo!c>y2 ! %op ( ! latt] be+ well describ$ by ,romeo 7v4 #a73 ,& 9 8 ne$y %op a tortoise hung1 ,an alligator /uff'd1 & o!r sk9s ,( ill-%ap'd fi%es2 & ab\t 8 %elves ,a begg>ly acc\nt ( empty boxes1 ,gre5 e>!n pots1 bladd]s & mu/y se$s1 ,remnants ( pack-?read & old cakes ( roses1 ,7 ?9ly scatt]$1 to make up a %[4 ,su* a man 0 z ready to sell love-philtres to a maid5 z n>cotics to a fri>4 ,ble$+4 ,v>i\s rem$ies 7 9 use 9 ,%akespe>e's day to /op ble$+4 ,?us1 a key1 on acc\nt ( ! coldness ( ! metal ( :i* x is compos$1 0 (t5 employ$2 h5ce ! t]m key-cold became prov]bial1 & is ref]r$ to by _m old writ]s4 ,9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7i4 #b71 ,lady ,anne1 speak+ ( ! corpse ( ,k+ ,h5ry ! ,six?1 says ,poor key-cold figure ( a holy k+4 ,9 ! ,rape ( ,lucrece 7l4 #aggd7 ! same expression is us$3 ,& !n 9 key-cold ,lucrece' ble$+ /ream ,he falls1 & ba!s ! pale fe> 9 8 face4 ,9 ,beaumont & ,flet*]'s ,wild ,goose ,*ase 7iv4 #c7 we read3 ,= till !y be key-cold dead1 !re's no tru/+ ( 'em4#ehi #ehi ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dhb2 also1 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 p4 #caa2 ,h5d]son's ,folk-,lore ( ,nor!rn ,c\nties1 #ahgi1 pp4 #afh1 #afi4 ,ano!r common rem$y 0 ! "o allud$ to 9 ,k+ ,le> 7iii4 #g71 :]e "o ( ! s]vants says3 ,i'll fet* "s flax1 & :ites ( eggs1 ,to apply to 8 ble$+ face4 ,?is passage has be5 ?\ght to be p>odi$ 9 ,b5 ,jonson's play1 ,! ,case is ,alt]$ 7ii4 #d73 ,g1 get a :ite ( an egg & a little flax1 & close ! brea* ( ! head2 x is ! mo/ conducible ?+ t c be4 ,mr4 ,gif=d1 h[ev]1 has %[n ! incorrectness ( ?is ass]tion1 po9t+ out t ,jonson's play 0 writt5 9 #aeii1 "s ye>s be=e ,k+ ,le> appe>$1 :ile ! allusion is to a me?od ( cure common 9 ,jonson's "t to e b>b]-surgeon & old woman 9 ! k+dom4#eij #eij ,aldis ,wright's ,notes to ,k+ ,le>1 #ahgg1 p4 #agi4 ,cobwebs are /ill us$ to /an* ! ble$+ f small w\nds1 & ,bottom's words seem to ref] to ?is rem$y ( dome/ic surg]y3 ,i %all desire y ( m acqua9tance1 good ,ma/] ,cobweb2 if ,i cut my f+]1 ,i %all make bold ) y4 ,anci5tly1 says ,mr4 ,s+]1 a sup]/iti\s belief 0 annex$ to ! accid5t ( ble$+ at ! nose2 h5ce1 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7ii4 #e71 ,launcelot says3 ,x 0 n = no?+ t my nose fell a-ble$+ on ,black ,monday la/4 ,9 days gone by1 x 0 cu/om>y ) our =efa!rs to be bl$ p]iodically1 9 spr+ & 9 autumn1 9 allusion to :i* cu/om ,k+ ,ri*>d ref]s 7,ri*>d ,,ii41 i4 #a71 :5 he says to 8 uncle3 ,our doctors say ?is is no mon? to ble$4 ,h5ce ! almanacs ( ! "t g5]ally gave p>ticul> seasons z ! mo/ b5eficial = ble$+4 ,! =ty-sev5? aphorism ( ,hippocrates 7sect4 #f7 is1 t p]sons :o are b5efit$ by v5esection or purg+ %\ld be bl$ or purg$ 9 ! spr+4 ,bl9dness4 ,! exact mean+ ( ! t]m s&-bl9d1 :i* occurs 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7ii4 #b71 is some:at obscure3 ,launcelot4 ,o heav5s1 ?is is my true-begott5 fa!r6 :o1 be+ m ?an s&-bl9d1 high gravel bl9d1 kn[s me n4 99 99 99 99 99 ,gobbo4 ,alack1 sir1 ,i am s&-bl9d1 ,i "k y n4 ,x probably means v dim-sight$1#eia & 9 ,n>es's ,gloss>y#eib x is ?us expla9$3 ,hav+ an imp]fect sight1 z if !re 0 s& 9 ! eye4 ,! expression is us$ by ,beaumont & ,flet*] 9 ,love's ,cure 7ii4 #a73 ,:y1 signors1 & my hone/ neighb\rs1 w y impute t z a neglect ( my fri5ds1 :i* is an imp]fection 9 me8 ,i h be5 s&-bl9d f my infancy4 ,! t]m 0 probably "o 9 vulg> use4#eic #eia ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #cha2 cf4 ! ^w ,b]lu1 pur-bl9d$1 made s&-bl9d1 ,cotgrave's ,fr4 & ,eng4 ,dict4 #eib ,vol4 ii4 p4 #gfe4 #eic ,bucknill's ,m$ical ,k ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #ic4 ,bli/]4 ,9 ! foll[+ passage ( ,timon ( ,a!ns 7v4 #a71 ,timon appe>s to ref] to ! old sup]/ition t a lie produces a bli/] on ! tongue1 ?\gh1 9 ! malice ( 8 rage1 he imprecates ! m9or puni%m5t on tru?1 & ! old surg]y ( caut]ization on falsehood3#eid ,?\ sun1 t com=t'/1 burn6--,speak1 & be hang'd2 ,= ea* true ^w1 a bli/]6 & ea* false ,be z a caut'riz+ to ! root o' ! tongue1 ,consum+ x ) speak+6 #eid ,bucknill's ,m$ical ,k ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #beh4 ,we may also comp>e ! passage 9 ,w9t]'s ,tale 7ii4 #b71 :]e ,paul9a decl>es3 ,if ,i prove honey-m\?'d1 let my tongue bli/]1 ,& nev] to my r$-look'd ang] be ,! trumpet any m4#eie #eie ,cf41 too1 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b73 ,a bli/] on 8 sweet tongue1 ) my he>t1 ,t put ,armado's page out ( 8 "p4 ,bone-a*e4 ,?is 0 a nickname1 9 bygone ye>s1 = ! ,lues v5]ea1 an allusion to :i* we f9d 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7ii4 #c71 :]e ,!rsites speaks ( ! bone-a*e z ! curse dep5d5t on ^? t w> = a placket4 ,ano!r "n = ?is disease 0 ! br5n+ or burn+1 a notice ( :i* we f9d 9 ,k+ ,le> 7iv4 #f74 ,bruise4 ,a favorite rem$y 9 days pa/ = bruises 0 p>maceti1 a corruption ( sp]maceti1 9 allusion to :i* ,hotspur1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #c71 speaks ( x z ! sov]eign'/ ?+ on e>? = an inw>d bruise4 ,s1 too1 9 ,sir ,t4 ,ov]bury's ,*>act]s1 #afaf ,an ,ord9>ie ,f5c]3 ,8 w\nds are seldom sk9-deepe2 = an inw>d bruise1 lamb/ones & sweetbreads are 8 only sp]maceti4 ,a well-kn[n plant call$ ! ,%eph]d's ,purse has be5 popul>ly nicknam$ ! ,poor ,man's ,p>macetti1 be+ a joke on ! ,lat9 ^w bursa1 a purse1 :i*1 to a poor man1 is always ! be/ rem$y = 8 bruises4#eif ,9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #b71 a planta9-leaf is pron\nc$ to be an excell5t cure = y\r brok5 %94 ,planta9-wat] 0 a rem$y 9 common use ) ! old surgeons4#eig #eif ,dr4 ,prior's ,popul> ,names ( ,briti% ,plants1 #ahgj1 p4 #ahe4 #eig ,! ,m$ical ,k ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahfj1 p4 #gh4 ,bubukle4 ,accord+ to ,johnson1 ?is d5ot$ a r$ pimple4 ,n>es says x is a corrupt ^w = a c>buncle1 or some?+ l2 & ,mr4 ,halliwell-,phillipps1 9 8 ,diction>y ( ,ar*aic & ,prov9cial ,words1 def9es x z a bot* or impo/hume4 ,x occurs 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7iii4 #f71 :]e ,fluell5 describes ,b>dolph's face z all bubukles4 ,burn4 ,! notion ( "o heat driv+ out ano!r gave rise to ! old-fa%ion$ cu/om ( plac+ a burn$ "p ne> ! fire to drive out ! fire--a practice1 says ,dr4 ,bucknill1#eih c]ta9ly n )\t b5efit1 act+ on ! same pr9ciple z ! application ( turp5t9e & o!r /imulants to rec5t burns4 ,?is 0 "o ( ! _m in/ances ( ! anci5t homoeopa?ic doctr9e1 t :at hurts w also cure4#eii ,?us1 9 ,k+ ,john 7iii4 #a71 ,p&ulph speaks ( x3 ,& falsehood falsehood cures2 z fire cools fire ,)9 ! scor*$ ve9s ( "o new burn'd4 #eih ,! ,m$ical ,k ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahfj1 p4 #fe4 #eii ,see ,tylor's ,primitive ,culture1 vol4 i4 p4 #gfa4 ,aga91 9 ! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7ii4 #d71 ,proteus tells h[3 ,ev5 z "o heat ano!r heat expels1 ,or z "o nail by /r5g? drives out ano!r1 ,s ! remembrance ( my =m] love ,is by a new] object q =gott54 ,we may also comp>e ! words ( ,m[bray 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7i4 #a71 :]e a simil> idea is conta9$3 ,i am disgrac'd1 impea*'d1 & baffl$ "h2 ,pi]c'd to ! s\l ) sl&]'s v5om'd spe>1 ,! :i* no balm c cure1 b 8 he>t-blood ,:i* brea?'d ?is poison4 ,once m1 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #b71 ,b5volio relates h[ "o fire burns out ano!r's burn+1 ,"o pa9 is less5'd by ano!r's angui%2 ,turn giddy1 & be holp by backw>d turn+2 ,"o desp]ate grief cures ) ano!r's langui%4 ,cat>act4 ,"o ( ! popul> names = ?is disease ( ! eye 0 ! web & ! p94 ,m>kham1 9 8 ,*eap & ,good ,husb&ry 7bk4 i4 *ap4 #cg71 ?us describes x 9 horses3 ,b = ! w>t1 pe>le1 p91 or web1 :i* are evils gr[n 9 or ^u ! eye1 to take !m (f1 take ! juyce ( ! h]b bet9 & wa% ! eye !re)1 x w we>e ! spots away4 ,florio 7,ital4 ,dict47 gives ! foll[+3 ,cat>atta is a dimnesse ( sight occasion$ by humores h>d5$ 9 ! eies1 call$ a cat>act or a p9 & a web4 ,%akespe>e uses ! t]m 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7i4 #b71 :]e ,leontes speaks ( all eyes bl9d ,) ! p9 & web1 b !irs2 & 9 ,k+ ,le> 7iii4 #d71 allud+ to ! f\l fi5d ,flibb]tigibbet1 says1 he gives ! web & ! p94#fjj ,ac]bi1 9 8 ,travels 7vol4 ii4 p4 #bij71 has giv5 ! ,lapl& me?od ( cure = ?is disease4 ,9 a fragm5t ( an old m$ical treatise x is ?us describ$3 ,ano!r syk5es !r by? ( yez52 on a webbe1 a no!r a wem1 t hydy? ! myddel ( ! yez52 & ?is hes to man]s1 o!r :ilys he is :ite & ?ynne1 & o!r :ilys he is ?ykke1 z :5ne ! obtalmye ne is noght cl5e yhelyd up1 bote ! rote abydy? /ylle4 ,o!r :ilys ! webbe is noght :ite b r$e1 o!r blake4#fja ,9 ! ,/atute ( ! #cd & #ce ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 a p9 & web 9 ! eye is recit$ among ! cu/omable diseases1 :i* hone/ p]sons1 n be+ surgeons1 might treat ) h]bs1 roots1 & wat]s1 ) ! k ( ^: nature ,god _h end[$ !m4 #fjj ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #ffj1 #ffa2 ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #cbb4 #fja ,quot$ 9 ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e4 ,*ilbla9s4 ,^! are probably allud$ to by ! ,fool 9 ,k+ ,le> 7i4 #e73 ,if a man's bra9s 7 9's heels1 7't n 9 dang] ( kibes8 ,hamlet1 too1 says 7v4 #a73 ! age is gr[n s pick$1 t ! toe ( ! peasant comes s ne> ! heel ( ! c\rti]1 he galls 8 kibe4 ,de=mity4 ,x 0 an old prejudice1 :i* is n q ext9ct1 t ^? :o are defective or de=m$ are m>k$ by nature z prone to mis*ief4 ,?us1 9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7i4 #c71 ,m>g>et says ( ,ri*>d1 ,duke ( ,glo/]3 ,?\ elvi%-m>k'd1 abortive1 root+ hog6 ,?\ t 0 seal'd 9 ?y nativity ,! slave ( nature1 & ! son ( hell4 ,%e calls him hog1 9 allusion to 8 cognizance1 :i* 0 a bo>4 ,a popul> expression 9 ,%akespe>e's day = a de=m$ p]son 0 a /igmatic4 ,x d5ot$ any "o :o _h be5 /igmatiz$1 or burn$ ) an iron1 z an ignom9i\s puni%m5t1 & h5ce 0 employ$ to repres5t a p]son on :om nature has set a m>k ( de=mity4 ,?us1 9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7ii4 #b71 ,que5 ,m>g>et says3 ,b ?\ art nei!r l ?y sire1 nor dam2 ,b l a f\l mis%ap5 /igmatic ,m>k'd by ! de/9ies to be avoid$1 ,z v5om toads1 or liz>ds' dreadful /+s4 ,aga91 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7v4 #a71 "y ,clif=d says to ,ri*>d3 ,f\l /igmatic1 t's m ?an ?\ can/ tell4 ,we may note1 too1 h[1 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7v4 #a71 mo!rs' m>ks & cong5ital =ms are deprecat$ by ,ob]on f ! issue ( ! happy lov]s3 ,& ! blots ( ,nature's h& ,%all n 9 _! issue /&2 ,nev] mole1 h>e-lip1 nor sc>1 ,nor m>k prodigi\s1 su* z are ,despis$ 9 nativity1 ,%all ^u _! *ildr5 be4#fjb #fjb ,cf4 ,k+ ,john 7iii4 #a71 :]e ,con/ance gives a catalogue ( cong5ital defects4 ,inde$1 con/ant allusions are to be met ) 9 our old writ]s relat+ to ?is subject1 %[+ h[ /rong 7 ! feel+s ( our =efa!rs on ! po9t4 ,b1 to give "o fur!r in/ance ( ?is sup]/ition giv5 by ,%akespe>e1 we may quote ! words ( ,k+ ,john 7iv4 #b71 ) ref]5ce to ,hub]t & 8 suppos$ murd] ( ,pr9ce ,ar?ur3 ,a fell[ by ! h& ( ,nature m>k'd1 ,quot$1 & sign'd1 to d a de$ ( %ame1 ,?is murd] _h n come into my m9d4 ,?is adaptation ( ! m9d to ! de=mity ( ! body concurs1 too1 ) ,bacon's !ory3 ,de=m$ p]sons are commonly ev5 ) nature2 =1 z nature ha? done ill by !m1 s d !y by nature1 be+ void ( natural affection1 & s !y h _! rev5ge on nature4 ,dr[n+4 ,! old sup]/ition#fjc ( its be+ dang]\s to save a p]son f dr[n+ is suppos$1 says ,mr4 ,halliwell-,phillipps1 to be allud$ to 9 ,twelf? ,night4 ,x 0 ow+ to ! belief t ! p]son sav$ w\ld1 soon] or lat]1 injure ! man :o sav$ him4 ,?us1 9 ,sir ,walt] ,scott's ,pirate1 ,bryce1 ! p$l]1 w>ns ! h]o n to attempt to resuscitate an inanimate =m :i* ! waves _h wa%$ a%ore on ! ma9l& ( ,%etl&4 ',are y mad1' exclaim$ ! p$l]1 'y t h liv$ sae lang 9 ,zetl&1 to risk ! sav+ ( a dr[n+ man8 ,wot ye n if ye br+ him to life aga9 he w d y "s capital injury8' #fjc ,h&book ,index to ,%akespe>e1 p4 #aej4 ,see ,notes & ,qu]ies = sup]/itions connect$ ) dr[n+1 #e? s]ies1 vol4 ix4 pp4 #aaa1 #bah1 #dgh1 #eaf2 vol4 x4 pp4 #ch1 #bgf2 vol4 xi4 pp4 #aai1 #bgh4 ,epilepsy4 ,a popul> "n = ?is t]rible malady 0 ! fall+-sickness1 because1 :5 attack$ ) "o ( ^! fits1 ! pati5t falls sudd5ly to ! gr\nd4 ,9 ,julius ,cs> 7i4 #b7 x is ?us m5tion$ 9 ! foll[+ dialogue3 ,cassius4 ,b1 s(t1 ,i pray y3 :at1 did ,cs> swoon8 ,casca4 ,he fell d[n 9 ! m>ket-place1 & foam$ at m\?1 & 0 spee*less4 ,brutus4 ',tis v l2 he ha? ! fall+-sickness4 ,cassius4 ,no1 ,cs> ha? x n2 b y1 & ,i1 ,& hone/ ,casca1 we h ! fall+-sickness4 ,fi/ula4 ,at ! pres5t day a fi/ula means an abscess ext]nal to ! rectum1 b 9 ,%akespe>e's day x 0 us$ 9 a m g5]al signification = a burr[+ abscess 9 any situation4#fjd ,! play ( ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well has a special int]e/1 because1 z ,dr4 ,bucknill says1 its v plot may be said to be m$ical4 ,! orphan daught] ( a physician cures ! k+ ( a fi/ula by means ( a secret rem$y left to h] z a great treasure by h] fa!r4 ,! royal rew>d is ! *oice ( a husb& among ! nobles ( ! c\rt1 & '!reby hangs ! tale4' ,! /ory is tak5 f ! tale ( ,gilletta ( ,n>bonne1 9 ! ,decam]on ( ,boccaccio4 ,x came to ,%akespe>e ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ,pa9t]'s ,palace ( ,pleasure1 & is to be f\nd 9 ! fir/ volume1 :i* 0 pr9t$ z e>ly z #aeff4fje ,! /ory is ?us introduc$ by ,%akespe>e 9 ! foll[+ dialogue 7i4 #a71 :]e ! ,c\ntess ( ,r\sillon is repres5t$ z inquir+3 ,:at hope is !re ( 8 maje/y's am5dm5t8 ,laf4 ,he ha? ab&on$ 8 physicians1 madam2 "u ^: practices he ha? p]secut$ "t ) hope2 & f9ds no o!r advantage 9 ! process b only ! los+ ( hope by "t4 ,c\nt4 ,?is "y g5tlewoman _h a fa!r--,o1 t '_h6' h[ sad a passage 'tis6--^: skill 0 almo/ z great z 8 hone/y2 _h x /ret*$ s f>1 w\ld h made nature immortal1 & dea? %\ld h play = lack ( "w4 ,w\ld1 = ! k+'s sake1 he 7 liv+6 ,i ?9k x w\ld be ! dea? ( ! k+'s disease4 ,laf4 ,h[ call$ y ! man y speak (1 madam8 ,c\nt4 ,he 0 fam\s1 sir1 9 8 pr(ession1 & x 0 8 great "r to be s2 ,g]>d de ,n>bon4 ,laf4 ,he 0 excell5t1 inde$1 madam2 ! k+ v lately spoke ( him admir+ly & m\rn+ly2 he 0 skilful en\gh to h liv$ /ill1 if k c\ld be set up aga9/ mortality4 ,b]4 ,:at is x1 my good "l1 ! k+ langui%es (8 ,laf4 ,a fi/ula1 my "l4 #fjd ,dr4 ,bucknill's ,m$ical ,k ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #ie4 #fje ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bbe4 ,! acc\nt giv5 ( ,hel5a's secret rem$y & ! k+'s reason = reject+ x give1 says ,dr4 ,bucknill1 an excell5t idea ( ! /ate ( op9ion ) reg>d to ! practice ( physic 9 ,%akespe>e's "t4 ,fit4 ,=m]ly ! t]m rapture 0 synonym\s ) a fit or trance4 ,! ^w is us$ by ,brutus 9 ,coriolanus 7ii4 #a73 y\r prattl+ nurse ,into a rapture lets h] baby cry ,:ile %e *ats him4 ,/eev5s quotes f ! ,hospital = ,london's ,follies 7#afjb71 :]e ,gossip ,luce says3 ,y\r d>l+ w weep itself into a rapture1 if y take n good he$4#fjf #fjf ,see ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 vii4 p4 #cdg4 ,gold4 ,x 0 a long-prevail+ op9ion t a solution ( gold _h great m$ic9al virtues1 & t ! incorruptibility ( ! metal might be communicat$ to a body impregnat$ ) x4 ,?us1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iv4 #d71 ,pr9ce ,h5ry1 9 ! c\rse ( 8 address to 8 fa!r1 says3 ,com+ to look on y1 ?9k+ y dead1 ,& dead almo/1 my liege1 to ?9k y 71 ,i spake unto ?is cr[n1 z hav+ s5se1 ,& ?us upbraid$ x3 ',! c>e on !e dep5d+ ,ha? f$ ^u ! body ( my fa!r2 ,!re=e1 ?\1 be/ ( gold1 art wor/ ( gold2 ,o!r1 less f9e 9 c>at1 is m preci\s1 ,pres]v+ life 9 m$ic9e potable4' ,potable gold 0 "o ( ! panaceas ( anci5t quacks4 ,9 ,john ,wight's translation ( ! ,secretes ( ,alexis is a receipt to dissolve & r$ucte golde into a potable lic\r1 :i* cons]ve? ! y\? & heal! ( a man1 & w heale e disease t is ?\ght incurable1 9 ! space ( sev5 daies at ! fur!/4 ,! receipt1 h[ev]1 is a highly complicat$ "o1 ! gold be+ act$ ^u by juice ( lemons1 honey1 common salt1 & aqua vit1 & di/illation frequ5tly repeat$ f a ur9all ( glass--z ! (t5] x is di/ill$ ! bett] x is4 ,?us doyng1 x is said1 ye %all h a "r naturall1 & p]fecte potable golde1 :]e( some:at tak5 alone e mon! once or twice1 or at lea/ ) ! said lic\r1 :]e( we h spok5 9 ! second *apt] ( ?is boke1 is v excell5t to pres]ve a man's y\! & heal!1 & to heale 9 a fewe daies any disease root$ 9 a man1 & ?\ght incurable4 ,! said golde w also be good & pr(itable = div]se o!r op]ations & effectes3 z good wittes & dilig5t se>*]s ( ! secretes ( nature may easily judge4 ,a fur!r allusion to gold z a m$ic9e is probably made 9 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well 7v4 #c71 :]e ! ,k+ says to ,b]tram3 ,plutus himself1 ,t kn[s ! t9ct & multiply+ m$ic9e1 ,ha? n 9 nature's my/]y m sci5ce1 ,?an ,i h 9 ?is r+4 ,*auc]1 too1 9 8 s>ca/ic excuse = ! doctor's av>ice1 ref]s to ?is old belief3 ,& yet he 0 b esy ( desp5ce3 ,he kept t he wan 9 ! pe/il5ce4 ,= gold 9 physic is a cordial2 ,!re=e he lov$ x 9 special4 ,once m1 9 ,sir ,k5elm ,digby's ,receipts 7#afgd71 we are told t ! gold is to be calc9$ ) ?ree salts1 gr\nd ) sulphur1 burn$ 9 a rev]b]atory furnace ) sulphur twelve times1 !n dige/$ ) _s ( w9e :i* w be t9ct$ v yell[1 ( :i*1 few drops = a dose 9 a fit vehicle ha? wr\ght great effects4 ,! t]m gr& liquor is also us$ by ,%akespe>e = ! aurum potabile ( ! al*emi/1 z 9 ,tempe/ 7v4 #a73 ,:]e %\ld !y ,f9d ?is gr& liquor t ha? gild$ !m8 ,good ,ye>4 ,?is is evid5tly a corruption ( g\jre1 a disease d]iv$ f ! ,fr5* g\ge1 a common camp-foll[]1 & probably alludes to ! ,morbus ,gallicus4 ,?us1 9 ,k+ ,le> 7v4 #c71 we read3 ,! good-ye>s %all dev\r !m1 fle% & fell1 ,ere !y %all make u weep4 ,) ! corruption1 h[ev]1 ( ! spell+1 ! ^w lo/ 9 "t its real mean+1 & x is1 consequ5tly1 f\nd 9 passages :]e a s5se opposite to ! true "o is int5d$4#fjg ,x 0 (t5 us$ 9 exclamations1 z 9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7i4 #d73 ,we mu/ give folks leave to prate3 :at1 ! good-je>6 ,9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7v4 #a71 ,!rsites1 by ! rott5 diseases ( ! s\?1 probably meant ! ,morbus ,gallicus4 #fjg ,wright's ,notes to ,k+ ,le> 7#ahgg71 p4 #aif4 ,h&k]*ief4 ,x 0 =m]ly a common practice 9 ,engl& = ^? :o 7 sick to we> a k]*ief on _! heads1 & /ill cont9ues at ! pres5t day among ! common p 9 _m places4 ,?us1 9 ,julius ,cs> 7ii4 #a71 we f9d ! foll[+ allusion3 ,o1 :at a "t h y *ose out1 brave ,caius1 ,to we> a k]*ief6 ,w\ld y 7 n sick6 ,if1 says ,full]1 ?is c\nty ,*e%ire ha? br$ no writ]s 9 t faculty physic1 ! wond] is ! less1 if x be true :at ,i read1 t if any "h be sick1 !y make him a posset & tye a k]*ief on 8 head1 & if t w n m5d him1 !n ,god be m]ciful to him4#fjh #fjh ,wor?ies ( ,engl& 7#affb71 p4 #ahj4 ,hy/]ia4 ,?is disord]1 :i*1 9 ,%akespe>e's day1 we are told1 0 kn[n z ! "m1 or ,hy/]ica passio1 0 n consid]$ peculi> to wom5 only4 ,x is probable t1 :5 ! poet wrote ! foll[+ l9es 9 ,k+ ,le> 7ii4 #d71 :]e he makes ! k+ say1 ,o1 h[ ?is "m swells up t[>d my he>t6 ,hy/]ica passio6 d[n1 ?\ climb+ sorr[1 ,?y elem5t's bel[6--,:]e is ?is daught]8 he _h 9 view ! subjo9$ passages f ,h>snet's ,decl>ation ( ,popi% ,impo/ures 7#afjc71 a "w :i*1 x has be5 sugge/$1#fji he may h consult$ 9 ord] to furni% out 8 "* ( ,tom ( ,b$lam ) demoniacal gibb]i%4 ,! fir/ occurs at p4 #be3 ,ma4 ,maynie _h a spice ( ! hy/]ica passio1 z x seems1 f 8 y\?2 hee himselfe t]mes x ! moo!r 7z y may see 9 8 confessione74 ,ma/] ,ri*>d ,ma9y1 :o 0 p]suad$ by ! prie/s t he 0 possess$ ( ! devil1 deposes z foll[s 7p4 #bfc73 ,! disease ,i speake ( 0 a spice ( ! "m1 :]e) ,i _h be5 tr\bl$ 7z is be=e m5tion$7 be=e my go+ into ,fraunce4 ,:e!r ,i doe rightly t]me x ! "m or no ,i "k n4 ,dr4 ,jordan1 9 #afjc1 publi%$ ,a ,briefe ,disc\rse ( a ,disease call$ ! ,suffocation ( ! ,"m4 #fji ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 pp4 #chd1 #che2 ,wright's ,notes to ,k+ ,le>1 pp4 #aed1 #aee4 ,infection4 ,accord+ to an old b errone\s belief1 infection communicat$ to ano!r left ! infector free2 9 allusion to :i* ,timon 7,timon ( ,a!ns1 iv4 #c7 says3 ,i w n kiss !e2 !n ! rot returns ,to ?9e own lips aga94 ,among o!r notions preval5t 9 days gone by 0 ! g5]al contagi\sness ( disease1 to :i* an allusion seems to be made 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7i4 #a71 :]e ,hel5a says3 ,sickness is cat*+3 ,o1 7 fav\r s1 ,y\rs w\ld ,i cat*1 fair ,h]mia1 ere ,i g4 ,malone consid]s t ,%akespe>e1 9 ! foll[+ passage 9 ,v5us & ,adonis1 alludes to a practice ( 8 day1 :5 x 0 cu/om>y1 9 "t ( ! plague1 to /rew ! rooms ( e h\se ) rue & o!r /rong-smell+ h]bs1 to prev5t infection3 ,long may !y kiss ea* o!r1 = ?is cure6 ,o1 nev] let _! crimson liv]ies we>6 ,& z !y la/1 _! v]dure /ill endure1 ,to drive infection f ! dang]\s ye>6 ,aga91 ! contagi\sness ( pe/il5ce is ?us allud$ to by ,beatrice 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7i4 #a73 ,o ,"l1 he w hang ^u him l a disease3 he is soon] caught ?an ! pe/il5ce1 & ! tak] runs pres5tly mad4 ,! belief1 too1 t ! poison ( pe/il5ce dwells 9 ! air1 is spok5 ( 9 ,timon ( ,a!ns 7iv4 #c73 ,:5 ,jove ,w o'er "s high-vic$ city hang 8 poison ,9 ! sick air4 ,&1 aga91 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7i4 #c73 ,dev\r+ pe/il5ce hangs 9 our air4 ,x is allud$ to1 also1 9 ,twelf? ,night 7i4 #a71 :]e ! ,duke says3 ,o1 :5 m9e eyes did see ,olivia fir/1 ,me?\ght %e purg$ ! air ( pe/il5ce4 ,:ile on ?is subject1 we may quote ! foll[+ dialogue f ! same play 7ii4 #c71 :i*1 z ,dr4 ,bucknill#faj rem>ks1 involves ! idea t contagion is b\nd up ) some?+ appeal+ to ! s5se ( smell1 a melliflu\s voice be+ miscall$ contagi\s2 unless "o c\ld apply "o organ to ! functions ( ano!r1 & ?us admit contagion1 n ?r\gh its usual portal1 ! nose3 ,sir ,&rew4 ,a melliflu\s voice1 z ,i am true knight4 ,sir ,toby4 ,a contagi\s brea?4 ,sir ,&rew4 ,v sweet & contagi\s1 i' fai?4 ,sir ,toby4 ,to he> by ! nose1 x is dulcet 9 contagion4 #faj ,m$ical ,k ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #aba4 ,insanity4 ,t is a common idea t ! symptoms ( madness are increas$ by ! full moon4 ,%akespe>e m5tions ?is popul> fallacy 9 ,o!llo 7v4 #b71 :]e he tells u t ! moon makes m5 insane :5 %e comes ne>] ! e>? ?an %e 0 wont4#faa #faa ,see p4 #gc4 ,music z a cure = madness is1 p]haps1 ref]r$ to 9 ,k+ ,le> 7iv4 #g71 :]e ! physician ( ! k+ says3 ,l\d] ! music !re4#fab ,mr4 ,s+]1 h[ev]1 has ?is note3 ,%akespe>e consid]$ s(t music favorable to sleep4 ,le>1 we may suppose1 _h be5 ?us compos$ to re/2 & n[ ! physician desires l\d] music to be play$1 = ! purpose ( wak+ him4 #fab ,halliwell-,phillipps's ,h&book ,index to ,%akespe>e 7#ahff71 p4 #ccc4 ,s1 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7v4 #e71 ! k+ says3 ,?is music mads me3 let x s\nd no m2 ,= ?\gh x h holp madm5 to _! wits1 ,9 me1 x seems1 x w make wise m5 mad4 ,! p[] ( music z a m$ical ag5cy has be5 recogniz$ f ! e>lie/ times1 & 9 m5tal cases has (t5 be5 highly efficaci\s4#fac ,ref]r+ to music z induc+ sleep1 we may quote ! t\*+ passage 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iv4 #e71 :]e ! k+ says3 ,let !re be no noise made1 my g5tle fri5ds2 ,unless "s dull & fav\rable h& ,w :isp] music to my we>y _s4 ,w>wick4 ,call = ! music 9 ! o!r room4 #fac ,a ,book ( ,musical ,anecdote1 by ,f4 ,cr[e/ 7#ahgh71 vol4 ii4 pp4 #bea1 #beb4 ,ariel1 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7ii4 #a71 ent]s play+ solemn music to produce ?is effect4 ,a mad-h\se seems =m]ly to h be5 designat$ a d>k h\se4 ,h5ce1 9 ,twelf? ,night 7iii4 #d71 ! reason = putt+ ,malvolio into a d>k room 01 to make him believe t he 0 mad4 ,9 ! foll[+ act 7iv4 #b7 he says3 ,good ,sir ,topas1 d n ?9k ,i am mad2 !y h laid me "h 9 hide\s d>kness2 & fur!r on 7v4 #a7 he asks1 ,:y h y suff]'d me to be imprison'd1 ,kept 9 a d>k h\se8 ,9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7iii4 #b71 ,rosal9d says t ,love is m]ely a madness1 & 444 des]ves z well a d>k-h\se & a :ip z madm5 d4 ,! expression horn-mad1 i4 e41 q mad1 occurs 9 ! ,com$y ( ,errors 7ii4 #a73 ,:y1 mi/ress1 sure my ma/] is horn-mad4 ,&1 aga91 9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7i4 #d71 ,mi/ress ,quickly says1 ,if he _h f\nd ! "y man1 he w\ld h be5 horn-mad4 ,madness 9 cattle 0 suppos$ to arise f a di/emp] 9 ! int]nal sub/ance ( _! horns1 & furi\s or mad cattle _h _! horns b\nd ) /raw4 ,k+'s ,evil4 ,?is 0 a common "n 9 ye>s gone by = scr(ula1 because ! sov]eigns ( ,engl& 7 suppos$ to possess ! p[] ( cur+ x1 )\t o!r m$ic9e1 save only by h&l+ & pray]4 ,?is cu/om ( t\*+ = ! k+'s evil is allud$ to 9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #c71 :]e ! foll[+ dialogue is introduc$3 ,malcolm4 ,comes ! k+ =?1 ,i pray y8 ,doctor4 ,ay1 sir2 !re are a crew ( wret*$ s\ls ,t /ay 8 cure2 _! malady conv9ces ,! great assay ( art2 b1 at 8 t\*-- ,su* sanctity ha? heav5 giv5 8 h&---- ,!y pres5tly am5d4 ,malcolm4 ,i ?ank y1 doctor4 ,macduff4 ,:at's ! disease he means8 ,malcolm4 ',tis call'd ! evil3 ,a mo/ miracul\s "w 9 ?is good k+2 ,:i* (t51 s9ce my "h-rema9 9 ,engl&1 ,i h se5 him d4 ,h[ he solicits heav51 ,himself be/ kn[s3 b /rangely-visit$ p1 ,all swoln & ulc]\s1 pitiful to ! eye1 ,! m]e despair ( surg]y1 he cures2 ,hang+ a gold5 /amp ab\t _! necks1 ,put on ) holy pray]s3 & 'tis spok51 ,to ! succe$+ royalty he leaves ,! heal+ b5$iction4 ,) ?is /range virtue ,he ha? a heav5ly gift ( prophecy2 ,& sundry bless+s hang ab\t 8 ?rone1 ,t speak him full ( grace4 ,?is ref]5ce1 :i* has no?+ to d ) ! progress ( ! drama1 is introduc$1 obvi\sly1 9 complim5t to ,k+ ,james1 :o fanci$ himself end[$ ) ! ,confessor's p[]s4#fad ,! poet f\nd au?ority = ! passage 9 ,hol9%$ 7vol4 i4 p4 #bgi73 ,z ha? b9 ?\ght1 he 0 enspir$ ) ! gift ( prophecie1 & also to haue hadde ! gift ( heal+ infirmities & diseases4 ,namely1 he vs$ to help ^? t 7 vex$ ) ! disease1 commonly call$ ! kyngs euill1 & left t v]tue z x 7 a portion ( inh]itance vnto 8 successors ! kyngs ( ?is realme4 ,edw>d's miracul\s p[]s 7 believ$ 91 we are told1 by 8 contempor>ies1 or at lea/ soon aft] 8 dea?1 & 7 expressly recogniz$ by ,pope ,alex&] ,,iii41 :o canoniz$ him4 ,9 ,plot's ,ox=d%ire 7*ap4 x4 sec4 #abe7 !re is an acc\nt1 accompani$ ) a draw+1 ( ! t\*-piece suppos$ to h be5 giv5 by ?is mon>*4 ,james ,i4's practice ( t\*+ = ! evil is frequ5tly m5tion$ 9 ,ni*ols's ,progresses4 ,*>les ,i41 :5 at ,york1 t\*$ sev5ty p]sons 9 "o day4 ,inde$1 few are aw>e to :at an ext5t ?is sup]/ition once prevail$4 ,9 ! c\rse ( tw5ty ye>s1 betwe5 #affj & #afhb1 no less ?an #ib1ajg p]sons 7 t\*$ = ?is disease4 ,! fir/ ,engli% mon>* :o refus$ to t\* = ! k+'s evil 0 ,william ,,iii41 b ! practice 0 resum$ by ,que5 ,anne1 :o (ficially ann\nc$1 9 ! ,london ,gazette1 ,m>* #ab1 #agab1 h] royal int5tion to receive pati5ts afflict$ ) ! malady 9 "q4 ,x 0 probably ab\t t "t t ,johnson 0 t\*$ by h] maje/y1 ^u ! recomm5dation ( ! celebrat$ physician ,sir ,john ,floy]1 ( ,li*field4 ,k+ ,george ,i4 put an end to ?is practice1 :i* is said to h orig9at$ ) ,edw>d ! ,confessor1 9 #ajeh4fae ,! cu/om 0 also obs]v$ by ,fr5* k+s2 & on ,ea/] ,sunday1 #afhf1 ,l\is ,,xiv4 is said to h t\*$ #afjj p]sons4 #fad ,see ,beckett's ,free & ,imp>tial ,enquiry into ! ,antiquity & ,efficacy ( ,t\*+ = ! ,k+'s ,evil1 #agbb4 #fae ,see ,notes & ,qu]ies1 #ahfa1 #b;d s]ies1 vol4 xi4 p4 #ga2 ,burns's ,hi/ory ( ,p>i% ,regi/]s1 #ahfb1 pp4 #agi1 #ahj2 ,pettigrew's ,sup]/itions ,connect$ ) ,m$ic9e & ,surg]y1 #ahdd1 pp4 #aag-aed4 ,le?>gy4 ,?is is frequ5tly conf\nd$ by m$ical m5 ( =m] times1 & by ,%akespe>e himself1 ) apoplexy4 ,! t]m occurs 9 ! li/ ( diseases quot$ by ,!rsites 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7v4 #a74faf #faf ,bucknill's ,m$ical ,k ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #bce4 ,leprosy4 ,?is 01 9 ye>s gone by1 us$ to d5ote ! lues v5]ea1 z 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7iii4 #h73 ,yon ribaudr$ nag ( ,egypt1-- ,:om leprosy o'ertake6 99 99 99 99 99 ,hoi/s sails & flies4 ,lee*4 ,! old m$ical t]m = a lee* is a blood-suck]1 & a knot w\ld be an appropriate t]m = a numb] ( clu/]+ lee*es4 ,s1 9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7iii4 #c71 ,grey1 be+ l$ to ! block1 says ( ,ri*>d's m9ions3 ,a knot y are ( damn$ blood-suck]s4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #b7 m5tion is made by ,w>wick ( ! blood-suck] ( sleep+ m51 :i*1 says ,dr4 ,bucknill1 appe>s to mean ! vampire-bat4 ,measles4 ,?is ^w orig9ally signifi$ leprosy1 al?\gh 9 mod]n times us$ = a v diff]5t disord]4 ,its d]ivation is ! old ,fr5* ^w meseau1 or mesel1 a lep]4 ,?us1 ,cotgrave has ,meseau1 a mesell$1 scurvy1 leapor\s1 laz>\s p]son4 ,di/emp]$ or scurvi$ hogs are /ill said to be measl$4 ,x is 9 ?is s5se t x is us$ 9 ,coriolanus 7iii4 #a73 ,z = my c\ntry ,i h %$ my blood1 ,n fe>+ outw>d =ce1 s %all my lungs ,co9 words till _! decay1 aga9/ ^? measles1 ,:i* we disda9 %\ld tett] u1 yet s\ght ,! v way to cat* !m4 ,pleurisy4 ,?is d5otes a ple?ora1 or r$undancy ( blood1 & 0 s us$1 probably1 f an errone\s idea t ! ^w 0 d]iv$ f plus pluris4 ,x is employ$ by ,%akespe>e 9 ,hamlet 7iv4 #g73 ,= goodness1 gr[+ to a plurisy1 ,dies 9 8 own too-mu*4 ,9 ! ,two ,noble ,k9sm5 7v4 #a7 !re is a simil> phrase3 t heal'/ ) blood ,! e>? :5 x is sick1 & cur'/ ! _w ,o' ! plurisy ( p4 ,! ^w is frequ5tly us$ by writ]s contempor>y ) ,%akespe>e4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 ,mass+]1 9 ,! ,picture 7iv4 #b71 says3 ,a plurisy ( ill blood y mu/ let out ,by lab\r4 ,mummy4 ,?is 0 a prep>ation = magical purposes1 made f dead bodies1 & 0 us$ z a m$ic9e bo? long be=e & long aft] ,%akespe>e's day4 ,its virtues seem to h be5 *iefly imag9>y1 & ev5 ! traffic 9 x fraudul5t4#fag ,! prep>ation ( mummy is said to h be5 fir/ br\ght into use 9 m$ic9e by a ,jewi% physician1 :o wrote t fle% ?us embalm$ 0 good = ! cure ( div]s diseases1 & p>ticul>ly bruises1 to prev5t ! blood's ga!r+ & coagulat+4 ,x has1 h[ev]1 long be5 kn[n t no use :atev] c be d]iv$ f x 9 m$ic9e1 & t all :i* is sold 9 ! %ops1 :e!r br\ght f ,v5ice or ,lyons1 or ev5 directly f ! ,levant by ,alex&ria1 is factiti\s1 ! "w ( c]ta9 ,jews1 :o c\nt]feit x by dry+ c>casses 9 ov5s1 aft] hav+ prep>$ !m ) p[d] ( myrrh1 caball9e aloes1 ,jewi% pit*1 & o!r co>se or un:olesome drugs4#fah ,%akespe>e speaks ( ?is prep>ation4 ,?us ,o!llo 7iii4 #d71 ref]r+ to ! h&k]*ief :i* he _h giv5 to ,desdemona1 relates h[3 x 0 dy$ 9 mummy :i* ! skilful ,cons]v'd ( maid5s' he>ts4 #fag ,see ,pettigrew's ,hi/ory ( ,mummies1 #ahcd2 also ,gannal1 ,trait d',embaumem5t1 #ahch4 #fah ,rees's ,encyclopdia1 #ahbi1 vol4 xxiv4 ,&1 9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #a71 ! wit*es' mummy =ms "o ( ! +r$i5ts ( ! boil+ caldron4 ,web/]1 9 ,! ,:ite ,devil 7#aheg1 p4 #e71 speaks ( x3 ,y\r foll[]s ,h swall['d y l mummia1 &1 be+ sick1 ,) su* unnatural & horrid physic1 ,vomit y up i' ! k5nel4 ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne1 9 8 int]e/+ ,fragm5t on ,mummies1 tells u t ,francis ,i4 always c>ri$ mummy#fai ) him z a panacea aga9/ all disord]s4 ,"s us$ x = epilepsy1 "s = g\t1 "s us$ x z a /yptic4 ,he fur!r adds3 ,! common op9ion ( ! virtues ( mummy br$ great consumption !re(1 & pr9ces & great m5 cont5d$ = ?is /range panacea1 :]e9 ,jews dealt l>gely1 manufactur+ mummies f dead c>casses1 & giv+ !m ! names ( k+s1 :ile specifics 7 comp\nd$ f crosses & gibbets leav+s4 #fai ,mr4 ,halliwell-,phillipps1 9 8 ,h&book ,index to ,%akespe>e1 #ahff1 p4 #ccb1 calls x a balsamic liquid4 ,nightm>e4 ,!re are v>i\s *>ms practis$1 9 ?is & o!r c\ntries1 = ! prev5tion ( nightm>e1 _m ( :i* are exce$+ly qua9t4 ,9 days gone by x appe>s t ,/4 ,vitalis1 ^: "n has be5 corrupt$ into ,/4 ,)old1 0 invok$2 &1 by way ( illu/ration1 ,!obald quotes f ! old play ( ,k+ ,john#fbj ! foll[+3 ,sweet ,s4 ,)old1 ( ?y l5itie1 def5d u f extremitie4 #fbj ,six ,old ,plays1 ed4 ,ni*ols1 p4 #bef1 quot$ by ,mr4 ,aldis ,wright1 9 8 ,notes to ,k+ ,le>1 #ahgg1 p4 #agj4 ,%akespe>e1 allud+ to ! nightm>e1 9 8 ,k+ ,le> 7iii4 #d71 ref]s to ! same sa9t1 & gives u a curi\s old *>m3 ,sa9t ,)old foot$ ?rice ! old wold2 ,he met ! night-m>e1 & h] n9e-fold2 ,bid h] alight ,& h] tro? plight1 ,&1 aro9t !e1 wit*1 aro9t !e6 ,= :at purpose1 z ,mr4 ,s+]#fba has po9t$ out1 ! incubus is enjo9$ to plight h] tro?1 w appe> f a *>m aga9/ ! nightm>e1 9 ,reg9ald ,scot's ,discov]y ( ,wit*craft1 :i* occurs1 ) slight v>iation1 9 ,flet*]'s ,monsieur ,?omas 7iv4 #f73 ,/4 ,george1 ,/4 ,george1 our lady's knight1 ,he walks by day1 s does he by night1 ,& :5 he _h h] f\nd1 ,he h] beat & h] b\nd1 ,until to him h] tro? %e plight1 ,%e w\ld n /ir f him t night4 #fba ,%akespe>e1 vol4 ix4 p4 #dac4 ,p>alysis4 ,an old t]m = *ronic p>alysis 0 cold palsies1 :i* is us$ by ,!rsites 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7v4 #a74fbb #fbb ,bucknill's ,m$ical ,k ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #bce4 ,philosoph]'s ,/one4 ,?is 0 suppos$1 by its t\*1 to conv]t base metal into gold4 ,x is notic$ by ,%akespe>e 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7i4 #e73 ,alexas4 ,sov]eign ( ,egypt1 hail6 ,cleopatra4 ,h[ mu* unlike art ?\ ,m>k ,antony6 ,yet1 com+ f him1 t great m$ic9e ha? ,) 8 t9ct gild$ !e4 ,! al*emi/s call ! matt]1 :atev] x may be1 says ,johnson1 by :i* !y p]=m transmutation1 a m$ic9e4 ,?us1 ,*apman1 9 8 ,%ad[ ( ,night 7#aeid73 ,o1 !n1 ?\ great elixir ( all treasures2 on :i* passage he has ! foll[+ note3 ,! philosoph]'s /one1 or philosophica m$ic9a1 is call$ ! great elixir4 ,ano!r ref]5ce occurs 9 ,timon ( ,a!ns 7ii4 #b71 :]e ! ,fool1 9 reply to ! "q ( ,v>ro's ,s]vant1 ,:at is a :orema/]1 fool8 answ]s1 ,a fool 9 good clo!s1 & some?+ l !e4 ',tis a _s3 sometime 't appe>s l a "l2 sometime l a lawy]2 sometime l a philosoph]1 ) two /ones moe ?an's artificial "o1 etc42 a passage :i* ,johnson expla9s z mean+ m ?an ! philosoph]'s /one1 or twice ! value ( a philosoph]'s /one2 ?\gh1 z ,f>m] obs]ves1 ,g[] has a *apt]1 9 8 ',confessio ,amantis1' ( ! ?ree /ones t philosoph]s made4 ,s+]1#fbc 9 8 note on ! philosoph]'s /one1 says t ,sir ,?omas ,smi? 0 "o ( ^? :o lo/ consid]able sums 9 seek+ ( x4 ,sir ,ri*>d ,/eele 0 "o ( ! la/ em95t m5 :o ent]ta9$ hopes ( be+ successful 9 ?is pursuit4 ,8 laboratory 0 at ,popl>4#fbd #fbc ,%akespe>e1 #ahge1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bhd4 #fbd ,see ,pettigrew's ,m$ical ,sup]/itions1 pp4 #ac1 #ad4 ,pimple4 ,9 ! ,midl& ,c\nties1 a common "n = a pimple1 :i*1 by rubb+1 is made to sm>t1 or rubb$ to s5se1 is a quat4 ,! ^w occurs 9 ,o!llo 7v4 #a71 :]e ,rod]igo is s call$ by ,iago3 ,i h rubb'd ?is "y quat almo/ to ! s5se1 ,& he gr[s angry4 --,rod]igo be+ call$ a quat by ! same mode ( spee* z a l[ fell[ is n[ call$ a scab4 ,x occurs 9 ,langham's ,g>d5 ( ,heal?1 p4 #aec3 ,! leaves ( coleworts laid to by !mselves1 or bruis$ ) b>ley meale1 are good = ! inflammations1 & s(t swell+s1 burn+s1 impo/umes1 & *ol]ick sores or quats1 etc4 ,plague4 ,tok5s1 or ,god's tok5s1 7 ! t]ms = ^? spots on ! body :i* d5ot$ ! infection ( ! plague4 ,9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b71 ,biron says3 ,= ! ,"l's tok5s on y d ,i see2 & 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7iii4 #aj7 !re is ano!r allusion3 ,enob>bus4 ,h[ appe>s ! fight8 ,sc>us4 ,on our side l ! tok5'd pe/il5ce1 ,:]e dea? is sure4 ,9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7ii4 #c71 ,ulysses says ( ,a*illes3 ,he is s plaguy pr\d t ! dea? tok5s ( x ,cry--',no recov]y4' ,k+ ,le>1 too1 x w\ld seem1 comp>es ,gon]il 7ii4 #d7 to ^! fatal signs1 :5 he calls h] a plague sore4 ,:5 ! tok5s _h appe>$ on any ( ! inhabitants1 ! h\se 0 %ut up1 & ,"l h m]cy ^u u writt5 or pr9t$ ^u ! door4 ,h5ce ,biron1 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b71 says3 ,write1 ',"l h m]cy on u1' on ^? ?ree2 ,!y are infect$1 9 _! he>ts x lies2 ,!y h ! plague1 & caught x ( y\r eyes4 ,! r$ pe/il5ce1 ref]r$ to by ,volumnia 9 ,coriolanus 7iv4 #a71 probably alludes to ! cutane\s eruptions common 9 ! plague3 ,n[ ! r$ pe/il5ce /rike all trades 9 ,rome1 ,& occupations p]i%6 ,9 ,! ,tempe/ 7i4 #b71 ,caliban says to ,prosp]o1 ,! r$ plague rid y4 ,poison4 ,accord+ to a vulg> error preval5t 9 days gone by1 poison 0 suppos$ to swell ! body1 an allusion to :i* occurs 9 ,julius ,cs> 7iv4 #c71 :]e1 9 ! qu>rel betwe5 ,brutus & ,cassius1 ! =m] decl>es3 ,y %all dige/ ! v5om ( y\r sple51 ,?\gh x d split y4 ,we may also comp>e ! foll[+ passage 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iv4 #d71 :]e ! k+ says3 ,le>n ?is1 ,?omas1 ,& ?\ %alt prove a %elt] to ?y fri5ds2 ,a hoop ( gold to b9d ?y bro!rs 91 ,t ! unit$ vessel ( _! blood1 ,m+l$ ) v5om ( sugge/ion-- ,z1 =ce p]=ce1 ! age w p\r x 9-- ,%all nev] leak1 ?\gh x d "w z /rong ,z aconitum1 or ra% gunp[d]4 ,9 ,k+ ,john1 ,hub]t1 :5 describ+ ! effect ( ! poison ^u ! monk 7v4 #f71 n>rates h[ 8 b[els sudd5ly bur/ out4 ,?is passage also conta9s a ref]5ce to ! popul> cu/om preval5t 9 ! old5 days1 ( great p]sons hav+ _! food ta/$ by ^? :o 7 suppos$ to h made !mselves acqua9t$ ) its :olesom5ess4 ,?is practice1 h[ev]1 c\ld n always af=d security :5 ! ta/] 0 ready to sacrifice 8 own life1 z 9 ! pres5t case3#fbe ,hub]t4 ,! k+1 ,i fe>1 is poison'd by a monk3 ,i left him almo/ spee*less4444 ,ba/>d4 ,h[ did he take x8 :o did ta/e to him8 ,hub]t4 ,a monk1 ,i tell y2 a resolv$ villa94 #fbe ,bucknill's ,m$ical ,k ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #acf4 ,! natives ( ,africa h be5 suppos$ to be possess$ ( ! secret h[ to temp] poisons ) su* art z n to op]ate till sev]al ye>s aft] !y 7 adm9i/]$4 ,_! drugs 7 !n z c]ta9 9 _! effect z subtle 9 _! prep>ation4#fbf ,?us1 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7iii4 #c71 ,gonzalo says3 ,all ?ree ( !m are desp]ate3 _! great guilt1 ,l poison giv5 to "w a great "t aft]1 ,n[ 'g9s to bite ! spirits4 #fbf ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 i4 p4 #fe4 ,! belief 9 sl[ poison+ 0 g5]al 9 bygone times1 al?\gh no bett] f\nd$ on fact1 rem>ks ,dr4 ,bucknill1#fbg ?an ! notion t p]sons bur/ ) poison1 or t n>cotics c\ld1 l an al>um clock1 be set = a c]ta9 numb] ( h\rs4 ,s1 9 ,cymbel9e 7v4 #e71 ,cornelius relates to ! k+ ! que5's confession3 ,%e did confess1 %e _h ,= y a mortal m9]al2 :i*1 be+ took1 ,%\ld by ! m9ute fe$ on life1 &1 l+]+1 ,by in*es wa/e y4 #fbg ,m$ical ,k ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #bbf4 ,pom&]4 ,?is 0 ei!r a composition ( v>i\s p]fumes wr\ght 9 ! %ape ( a ball or o!r =m1 & worn 9 ! pocket or hung ab\t ! neck1 & ev5 sometimes susp5d$ to ! wri/2 or a case = conta9+ su* a mixture ( p]fumes4 ,x 0 us$ z an amulet aga9/ ! plague or o!r infections1 z well z = an article ( luxury4 ,!re is an allusion to its use 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #c71 by ,autolycus1 :o enum]ates x among all 8 trump]y t he _h sold4 ,! foll[+ recipe = mak+ a pom&] we f9d 9 an old play3#fbh ,y\r only way to make a pom&] is ?is3 take an ounce ( ! pure/ g>d5 m\ld1 cleans'd & /eep'd sev5 days 9 *ange ( mo!rless rose-wat]4 ,!n take ! be/ labdanum1 b5jo91 ) /oraxes1 amb]gris1 civet1 & musk4 ,incorporate !m toge!r1 & "w !m into :at =m y please4 ,?is1 if y\r brea? be n too valiant1 w make y smell z sweet z any lady's dog4 #fbh ,quot$ 9 ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #fga4 ,rheumatism4 ,9 ,%akespe>e's day ?is 0 us$ 9 a f> wid] s5se ?an n[adays1 includ+1 9 addition to :at is n[ und]/ood by ! t]m1 di/illations f ! head1 cat>rhs1 etc4 ,malone quotes f ! ,sidney ,memorials 7vol4 i4 p4 #id71 :]e ! heal? ( ,sir ,h5ry ,sidney is describ$3 ,he ha? v]ie mu* di/empor$ div]s p>ts ( 8 bodie2 z namelie1 8 heade1 8 /omack1 c41 & !reby is always subject to di/illacions1 c\ghes1 & o!r rumatick diseases4 ,among ! _m sup]/itions relat+ to ! moon1#fbi "o is m5tion$ 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #a71 :]e ,titania tells h[ ! moon1 ,pale 9 h] ang]1 wa%es all ! air1 ,t rheumatic diseases d ab\nd4 #fbi ,see p4 #gd4 ,! ^w rheumatic 0 also =m]ly us$ 9 ! s5se ( *ol]ic or peevi%1 z 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d71 :]e ! ,ho/ess says3 ,y two nev] meet b y fall to "s discord3 y are bo?1 9 good tro?1 z rheumatic z two dry toa/s4 ,aga91 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7ii4 #c71 ! ,ho/ess says ( ,fal/aff3 ,a' did 9 "s sort1 inde$1 h&le wom52 b !n he 0 rheumatic1#fcj & talk$ ( ! :ore ( ,babylon4 #fcj ,malone sugge/s t ! ho/ess may mean !n he 0 lunatic4 ,s]pigo4 ,?is appe>s to h be5 a t]m ext5sively us$ by old m$ical au?ors = any creep+ sk9 disease1 be+ especially appli$ to t kn[n z ! h]pes circ9atus4 ,! expression occurs 9 ,measure = ,measure 7iii4 #a71 be+ c\pl$ by ! ,duke ) ! g\t & ! rheum4 ,9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7ii4 #c71 ,!rsites says3 ,n[1 ! dry s]pigo on ! subject4 ,sickness4 ,sickness ( /oma*1 :i* ! slighte/ disgu/ is apt to provoke1 is /ill express$ by ! t]m queasy2 h5ce ! ^w d5ot$ delicate1 unsettl$2 z 9 ,k+ ,le> 7ii4 #a71 :]e x is us$ by ,edmund3 ,i h "o ?+1 ( a queasy "q1 ,:i* ,i mu/ act4 ,s ,b5 ,jonson employs x 9 ,sejanus 7i4 #a73 ,^! times are r queasy to be t\*$4 ,sigh4 ,x 0 a preval5t notion t sighs impair ! /r5g? & we> out ! animal p[]s4 ,?us1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #b71 ,que5 ,m>g>et speaks ( blood-dr9k+ sighs4 ,we may1 too1 comp>e ! words ( ,ob]on 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7iii4 #b71 :o ref]s to sighs ( love1 t co/ ! fre% blood de>4 ,9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iv4 #d71 ,que5 ,elizabe? says3 = ?is ,i draw 9 _m a te>1 ,& /op ! ris+ ( blood-suck+ sighs4 ,once m1 9 ,hamlet 7iv4 #g71 ! ,k+ m5tions ! sp5d?rift sigh1 t hurts by eas+4 ,f5ton1 9 8 ,tragical ,disc\rses 7#aegi71 alludes to ?is notion 9 ! foll[+ words3 ,y\r scor*+ sighes t h already drayn$ y\r body ( 8 :olesome hum\res4 ,x 0 also an anci5t belief t sorr[ consum$ ! blood & %ort5$ life4 ,h5ce ,romeo tells ,juliet 7iii4 #e73 ,& tru/ me1 love1 9 my eye s d y3 ,dry sorr[ dr9ks our blood4 ,small-pox4 ,su* a t]rible plague 0 ?is disease 9 ! days ( our ance/ors1 t its "n 0 us$ z an imprecation4 ,?us1 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b71 ! ,pr9cess says3 ,a pox ( t je/4 ,saliva4 ,! color ( ! spittle 01 ) ! m$ical m5 ( old5 times1 an important po9t ( diagnosis4 ,?us1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #b71 ,fal/aff exclaims aga9/ fight+ on a hot day1 & wi%es he may nev] spit :ite aga91 %\ld x s happ54#fca #fca ,bucknill's ,m$ical ,k ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #aej4 ,/]ility4 ,! *>m aga9/ /]ility ref]r$ to by ,cs> 9 ,julius ,cs> 7i4 #b7 is copi$ f ,plut>*1 :o1 9 8 description ( ! fe/ival ,lup]calia1 tells u h[ noble "y m5 run nak$ ?r\gh ! city1 /rik+ 9 sport :om !y meet 9 ! way ) lea!r ?ongs1 :i* bl[s 7 commonly believ$ to h ! wond]ful effect attribut$ to !m by ,cs>3 ,! b>r51 t\*$ 9 ?is holy *ase1 ,%ake (f _! /]ile curse4 ,suicide4 ,com9ius1 9 ,coriolanus 7i4 #i71 argu+ aga9/ ,m>cius's ov]/ra9$ mode/y1 ref]s to ! mann] 9 :i* suicide 0 ?\ght prev5table 9 old5 times3 ,if 'ga9/ y\rself y be inc5s'd1 we'll put y1 ,l "o t means 8 prop] h>m1 9 manacles1 ,!n reason safely ) y4 ,too?a*e4 ,x 0 =m]ly a common sup]/ition--& "o1 too1 n conf9$ to our own c\ntry--t too?a*e 0 caus$ by a little worm1 hav+ ! =m ( an eel1 :i* gradually gnaw$ a hole 9 ! too?4 ,9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7iii4 #b71 ,%akespe>e speaks ( ?is curi\s belief3 ,don ,p$ro4 ,:at6 sigh = ! too?a*e8 ,leonato4 ,:]e is b a hum\r1 or a worm4 ,?is notion 01 "s ye>s ago1 preval5t 9 ,d]by%ire1#fcb :]e !re 0 an odd way ( extract+1 z x 0 ?\ght1 ! worm4 ,a small quantity ( a mixture1 consi/+ ( dry & p[d]$ h]bs1 0 plac$ 9 "s small vessel1 into :i* a live coal f ! fire 0 dropp$4 ,! pati5t !n held 8 or h] op5 m\? ov] ! vessel1 & inhal$ ! smoke z long z x c\ld be borne4 ,! cup 0 !n tak5 away1 & 9 its place a glass ( wat] 0 put be=e ! pati5t4 ,into ?is glass ! p]son brea!d h>d = a few mom5ts1 :5 x 0 suppos$ ! grub or worm c\ld be se5 9 ! wat]4 ,9 ,orkney1 too1 too?a*e goes by ! "n ( ! worm1 &1 z a rem$y1 ! foll[+ *>m1 call$ wormy l9es1 is writt5 on a piece ( pap]1 & worn z an amulet1 by ! p]son affect$1 9 "s "p ( 8 dress3 ,pet] sat on a m>ble /one weep+2 ,*ri/ came pa/1 & said1 ',:at aile? !e1 ,pet]8' ',o my ,"l1 my ,god1 my too? do? a*e4' ',arise1 ,o ,pet]6 g ?y way2 ?y too? %all a*e no m4' #fcb ,see ,engli% ,folk-,lore1 p4 #aef4 ,?is notion is /ill curr5t 9 ,g]many1 & is m5tion$ by ,?orpe1 9 8 ,nor!rn ,my?ology 7vol4 iii4 p4 #afg71 :o quotes a ,nor? ,g]man incantation1 beg9n+1 ,pe> tree1 ,i compla9 to !e2 ,?ree worms /+ me4 ,x is f\nd1 too1 ev5 9 ,*9a & ,new ,zeal&1#fcc ! foll[+ *>m be+ us$ 9 ! latt] c\ntry3 ,an eel1 a sp9y back ,true inde$1 inde$3 true 9 soo?1 9 soo?4 ,y mu/ eat ! head ,( said sp9y back4 #fcc ,see ,%ortl&'s ,traditions & ,sup]/itions ( ! ,new-,zeal&]s1 #ahef1 p4 #aca4 ,a writ] 9 ! ,a!num 7,jan4 #bh1 #ahfj71 speak+ ( ! ,rev4 ,r4 ,h4 ,cobbold's ,pictures ( ! ,*9ese1 ,drawn by ,!mselves1 says3 ,! fir/ portrait is t ( a quack doctress1 :o pret5ds to cure too?a*e by extract+ a maggot--! cause ( ! disord]4 ,?is is done--or1 r1 pret5d$ to be done--by simply plac+ a bright /eel p9 on ! "p affect$1 & tapp+ ! p9 ) a piece ( wood4 ,mr4 ,cobbold comp>es ! op]ation to procur+ worms = fi%+ by work+ a spade backw>ds & =w>ds 9 ! gr\nd4 ,he & a fri5d submitt$ to ! process1 b 9 a v %ort "t compell$ ! doctress to desi/1 by ! excessive precautions !y took aga9/ imposition4 ,we may fur!r note t ,john ( ,gatisd51 "o ( ! olde/ m$ical au?ors1 attributes decay ( ! tee? to a hum\r or a worm4 ,9 8 ,rosa ,anglica#fcd he says3 ,si v]mes s9t 9 d5tibus1 ,rx sem5 porri1 seu lusquiami cont]e et misce cum c]a1 pone sup] c>bones1 et fumus recipiatur p] embotum1 quoniam sanat4 ,solum etiam sem5 lusquiami valet coctum 9 aqua calida1 supra quam aquam pati5s palatum ap]tum si t5u]it1 cad5t v]mes evid5t] vel 9 illam aquam1 vel 9 aliam qu ibi fu]it ibi posita4 ,de myrrha et aloe ponantur 9 d5tem1 ubi e/ v]mis3 sem5 caulis1 et abs9?ium1 p] se v]mes int]ficit4 #fcd ,lib] ,secundus--,de ,febribus1 p4 #ibc1 ed4 #aeie4 ,tub-fa/4 ,9 ye>s pa/ ! discipl9e ( sweat+ 9 a heat$ tub = a consid]able "t1 accompani$ ) /rict ab/95ce1 0 ?\ght necess>y = ! cure ( v5]eal ta9t4#fce ,?us1 9 ,timon ( ,a!ns 7iv4 #c71 ,timon says to ,tim&ra3 ,be a :ore /ill6 !y love !e n t use !e2 ,give !m diseases1 leav+ ) !e _! lu/4 ,make use ( ?y salt h\rs3 season ! slaves ,= tubs & ba?s3 br+ d[n rose-*eek$ y\? ,to ! tub-fa/1 & ! diet4 #fce ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ijf4 ,z beef1 too1 0 usually salt$ d[n 9 a tub1 ! "o process 0 jocul>ly comp>$ to ! o!r4 ,s1 9 ,measure = ,measure 7iii4 #b71 ,pompey1 :5 ask$ by ,lucio ab\t 8 mi/ress1 replies1 ,tro?1 sir1 %e ha? eat5 up all h] beef1 & %e is h]self 9 ! tub4 ,aga91 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7ii4 #a71 ,pi/ol speaks ( ! p[d]+-tub ( infamy4 ,v9eg>4 ,9 ,%akespe>e's day ?is seems to h be5 t]m$ eisel 7f ,a4 ,s4 aisel71 be+ e/eem$ highly efficaci\s 9 prev5t+ ! communication ( ! plague & o!r contagi\s diseases4 ,9 ?is s5se x has be5 us$ by ,%akespe>e 9 ,sonnet cxi43 l a will+ pati5t1 ,i w dr9k ,potions ( eisel1 'ga9/ my /rong infection4 ,9 a ,,ms4 ,h]bal 9 ! libr>y ( ,tr9ity ,college1 ,cambridge1 occurs acetorum1 ance vynegre or aysel4 ,! ^w occurs aga9 9 ,hamlet 7v4 #a71 :]e ,la]tes is *all5g$ by ,hamlet3 ,woo't dr9k up eisel8 eat a crocodile8 ,! ^w woo't1 9 ! nor!rn c\nties1 is ! common contraction ( w\ld/ ?\1 :i* is ! read+ ( ! old copies4 ,9 =m] ye>s x 0 ! fa%ion ) gallants to d "s extravagant feat1 z a pro( ( _! love1 9 honor ( _! mi/resses1 &1 among o!rs1 ! swall[+ ( "s nause\s potion 0 "o ( ! mo/ frequ5t4 ,h5ce1 9 ! above passage1 "s bitt] potion is evid5tly meant1 :i* x 0 a p5ance to dr9k4 ,"s are ( op9ion t wormwood is allud$ to2 & ,mr4 ,s+] ?9ks x probable t ! propoma call$ abs9?ites1 a nause\sly bitt] m$icam5t !n mu* 9 use1 may h be5 9 ! poet's m9d1 to dr9k up a quantity ( :i* w\ld be an extreme pass ( amor\s demon/ration4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ by a correspond5t ( ,notes & ,qu]ies1#fcf t ! ref]5ce 9 ?is passage f ,hamlet is to a ,lake ,esyl1 :i* figures 9 ,sc&9avian leg5ds4 ,messrs4 ,wright & ,cl>k1 h[ev]1 9 _! ,notes to ,hamlet 7#ahgf1 p4 #bah71 say t !y h consult$ ,mr4 ,magnusson on ?is po9t1 & he writes z foll[s3 ,no su* lake z ,esyl is kn[n to ,norse my?ology & folk-lore4 ,/eev5s supposes x to be ! riv] ,yssell4#fcg #fcf ,see #d? s]ies1 vol4 x4 pp4 #ajh1 #aej1 #bbi1 #bhb1 #cef4 #fcg ,see ,dyce's ,%akespe>e1 vol4 vii4 p4 #bci4 ,wat]-ca/+4 ,! fanciful notion ( recogniz+ diseases by ! m]e inspection ( ! ur9e 0 d5\nc$ ye>s ago1 by an old /atute ( ! ,college ( ,physicians1 z belong+ to trick/]s & impo/ors1 & any memb] ( ! college 0 =bidd5 to give advice by ?is s-call$ wat]-ca/+ )\t he also saw ! pati5t4 ,! /atute ( ! college runs z foll[s3 ,/atuimus1 et ord9amus1 ut nemo1 sive socius1 sive c&idatus1 sive p]missus consilii quidquam imp]tiat vet]atoriis1 et impo/oribus1 sup] ur9>um nuda inspectione1 nisi simul ad grum vocetur1 ut ibidem1 pro re nat1 idonea m$icam5ta ab hone/o aliquo ph>macopoea compon5da prscribat4 ,an allusion to ?is vulg> error occurs 9 ! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7ii4 #a71 :]e1 aft] ,spe$ has giv5 to ,val5t9e 8 amus+ description ( a lov]1 9 :i*1 among o!r signs1 are to walk alone1 l "o t _h ! pe/il5ce1 & to fa/1 l "o t takes diet1 ! foll[+ quibble takes place ^u ! )9 & ! )\t ( ! symptoms3 ,val5t9e4 ,are all ^! ?+s p]ceiv$ 9 me8 ,spe$4 ,!y are all p]ceiv$ )\t ye4 ,val5t9e4 ,)\t me8 !y _c4 ,spe$4 ,)\t y8 nay1 t's c]ta92 =1 )\t y 7 s simple1 none else w\ld3 b y are s )\t ^! follies1 t ^! follies are )9 y1 & %9e ?r\gh y l ! wat] 9 an ur9al1 t n an eye t sees y b is a physician to comm5t on y\r malady4 ,?is s+ul> pret5ce1 says ,dr4 ,bucknill1#fch is alleg$ to h aris51 l ! b>b] surg]y1 f ! ecclesia/ical int]dicts ^u ! m$ical vocations ( ! cl]gy4 ,prie/s & monks1 be+ unable to visit _! =m] pati5ts1 are said fir/ to h resort$ to ! exp$i5t ( div9+ ! malady1 & direct+ ! treatm5t ^u simple inspection ( ! ur9e4 ,h[ev] ?is may be1 ! practice is ( v anci5t date4 ,num]\s ref]5ces to ?is piece ( m$ical quack]y occur 9 _m ( our old writ]s1 mo/ ( :om condemn x 9 v /rong t]ms4 ,?us ,=e/us1 9 8 ,m$ical ,politics1 speaks ( x z be+1 9 8 op9ion1 a practice altoge!r evil1 & expresses an e>ne/ desire t m$ical m5 w\ld comb9e to repress x4 ,%akespe>e gives a fur!r allusion to x 9 ! passage :]e he makes ,macbe? 7v4 #c7 say3 ,if ?\ c\ld/1 doctor1 ca/ ,! wat] ( my l&1 f9d h] disease1 ,& purge x to a s\nd & pri/9e heal?1 ,i w\ld applaud !e to ! v e*o4 #fch ,! ,m$ical ,k ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahfj1 pp4 #a-fd4 ,& 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv 7i4 #b7 ,fal/aff asks ! page1 ,:at says ! doctor to my wat]8 &1 once m1 9 ,twelf? ,night 7iii4 #d71 ,fabian1 allud+ to ,malvolio1 says1 ,c>ry 8 wat] to ! wise woman4 ,x seems probable1 too1 t1 9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7ii4 #c71 ! t]m mock-wat]1 employ$ by ! ho/ to ! ,fr5* ,dr4 ,caius1 ref]s to ! mock]y ( judg+ ( diseases by ! wat] or ur9e--mock-wat]1 9 ?is passage1 be+ equival5t to y pret5d+ wat]-doctor6 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,cu/oms ,,connect$ ,,) ,,! ,,cal5d>4 ,9 ye>s gone by ! anniv]s>ies connect$ ) ! cal5d> 7 kept up ) an am\nt ( en?usiasm & m]ry-mak+ q unkn[n at ! pres5t day4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 ,%akespe>e tells u1 ) reg>d to ! ,may-day obs]vance1 t x 0 look$ =w>d to s eag]ly z to r5d] x impossible to make ! p sleep on ?is fe/ive occasion4 ,dur+ ! pres5t c5tury ! popul> celebrations ( ! fe/ivals h be5 gradually on ! decl9e1 & ne>ly e ye> m>ks ! disuse ( "s local cu/om4 ,%akespe>e has n omitt$ to give a good _m scatt]$ allusions to ! old sup]/itions & popul> usages associat$ ) ! fe/ivals ( ! ye>1 "s ( :i* /ill survive 9 our mid/4 ,allud+ to ! revels1 !re c be no d\bt t ,%akespe>e 0 indebt$ to ! revel-books = "s ( 8 plots4 ,?us1 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7iv4 #a71 ,prosp]o rem>ks to ,f]d9& & ,mir&a1 aft] ,iris1 ,c]es1 & ,juno h appe>$1 & ! dance ( ! nymphs is ov]3 ,y d look1 my son1 9 a mov'd sort1 ,z if y 7 dismay'd2 be *e]ful1 sir4 ,our revels n[ are end$4 ,^! our actors1 ,z ,i =etold y1 7 all spirits1 & ,are melt$ into air1 into ?9 air3 ,&1 l ! baseless fabric ( ?is vision1 ,! cl\d-capp'd t[]s1 ! gorge\s palaces1 ,! solemn temples1 ! great globe itself1 ,yea1 all :i* x inh]it1 %all dissolve1 ,&1 l ?is insub/antial pageant fad$1 ,leave n a rack beh9d4 ,x has be5 inf]r$ t ,%akespe>e 0 pres5t at ,k5ilwor?1 9 #aege1 :5 ,elizabe? 0 s gr&ly ent]ta9$ !re4 ,lakes & seas are repres5t$ 9 ! masque4 ,triton1 9 ! lik5ess ( a m]maid1 came t[>ds ! que51 says ,george ,gascoigne1 & ,arion appe>$1 sitt+ on a dolph9's back4 ,9 ! dialogue 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream1 betwe5 ,ob]on & ,puck 7ii4 #a71 !re seems a direct allusion to ?is ev5t3 ,ob]on4 ,my g5tle ,puck1 come hi!r4 ,?\ rememb]'/ ,s9ce once ,i sat ^u a promontory1 ,& he>d a m]maid on a dolph9's back ,utt]+ su* dulcet & h>moni\s brea?1 ,t ! rude sea grew civil at h] song1 ,& c]ta9 />s %ot madly f _! sph]es1 ,to he> ! sea-maid's music4 ,puck4 ,i rememb]4 ,!n1 too1 !re 7 ! ,*ildr5 ( ! ,revels1 a company :o p]=m$ at ,blackfri>s ,!atre4 ,9 ,hamlet 7ii4 #b71 ,%akespe>e alludes to ^! *ildr5-play]s4#fci ,ros5crantz says1 9 ! conv]sation prec$+ ! entry ( ! play]s1 9 reply to ,hamlet's inquiry :e!r ! actors h suff]$ ?r\gh ! result ( ! late inhibition1 evid5tly ref]r+ to ! plague1 ,nay1 _! endeav\r keeps 9 ! wont$ pace2 b !re is1 sir1 an a]y ( *ildr51 little eyases1 t cry out on ! top ( "q1 & are mo/ tyrannically clapp$ = 't2 ^! are n[ ! fa%ion2 & s b]attle ! common /ages--s !y call !m--t _m we>+ rapi]s are afraid ( goose-quills1 & d>e sc>ce come ?i!r4 #fci ,! ,engl& ( ,%akespe>e1 ,e4 ,goadby1 #ahha1 p4 #aec4 ,twelf?-,day4 ,!re c be no d\bt t ! title ( ,%akespe>e's play1 ,twelf? ,night1 took its orig9 9 ! fe/ivities associat$ ) ?is fe/ival4 ,! season has1 f "t immemorial1 be5 "o ( m]rim5t1 ! m decid$ f be+ ! prop] close ( ! fe/ivities ( ,*ri/mas1 :5 games ( *ance 7 traditionally rife1 & ! sport ( sudd5 & casual elevation gave ! tone ( ! "t4 ,( l tone is ! play1 & to ?is1#fdj says ,mr4 ,lloyd1 x app>5tly owes its title4 ,! play1 x appe>s1 0 probably orig9ally act$ at ! b>ri/]s' fea/ at ! ,middle ,temple1 on ,febru>y #b1 #afja-b1 z ,mann+ham tells u 9 8 ,di>y 7,camd5 ,society1 #ahfh1 ed4 ,j4 ,bruce1 p4 #ah74 ,x is wor?y ( note t ! fe/ive do+s ( ! ,inns ( ,c\rt1 9 days gone by1 at ,*ri/mas-tide 7 conduct$ on ! mo/ extravagant scale4#fda ,9 addition to ! m]ry disports ( ! ,"l ( ,misrule1 !re 7 v>i\s revels4 ,! ,*ri/mas masque at ,gray's ,inn1 9 #aeid1 0 on a magnific5t scale4 #fdj ,critical ,essays on ! ,plays ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahge1 p4 #ade2 see ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 iii4 pp4 #cdg1 #cdh4 #fda ,see ,briti% ,popul> ,cu/oms1 p4 #dgc4 ,/4 ,val5t9e's ,day 7,feb4 #ad74 ,:atev] may be ! hi/orical orig9 ( ?is fe/ival1 :e!r hea!n or ,*ri/ian1 !re c be no d\bt ( its antiquity4 ,accord+ to an old tradition1 to :i* ,*auc] ref]s1 birds *oose _! mates on ?is day2 & h5ce1 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7iv4 #a71 ,!seus asks3 ,good morr[1 fri5ds4 ,/4 ,val5t9e is pa/3 ,beg9 ^! wood-birds b to c\ple n[8 ,f ?is notion1 x has be5 sugge/$1 arose ! once popul> practice ( *oos+ val5t9es1 & also ! common belief t ! fir/ two s+le p]sons :o meet 9 ! morn+ ( ,/4 ,val5t9e's day h a great *ance ( becom+ w$ to ea* o!r4 ,?is sup]/ition is allud$ to 9 ,ophelia's song 9 ,hamlet 7iv4 #e73 ,to-morr[ is ,sa9t ,val5t9e's day1 ,all 9 ! morn+ betime1 ,& ,i a maid at y\r w9d[1 ,to be y\r val5t9e4 ,!re seems e probability t ,/4 ,val5t9e's day1 ) its _m cu/oms1 has come d[n to u f ! ,romans1 b 0 fa!r$ ^u ,/4 ,val5t9e 9 ! e>li] ages ( ! ,*ur* 9 ord] to ,*ri/ianize x4#fdb ,9 ,france ,/4 ,val5t9e's 0 a movable fea/1 celebrat$ on ! fir/ ,sunday 9 ,l5t1 :i* 0 call$ ! j\r des br&ons1 because ! boys c>ri$ ab\t light$ tor*es on t day4 #fdb ,notes & ,qu]ies1 #f? s]ies1 vol4 i4 p4 #abi4 ,%rove-,tuesday4 ,?is day 0 =m]ly devot$ to fea/+ & m]rim5t ( e k9d1 b :5ce orig9at$ ! cu/om ( eat+ pancakes is /ill a matt] ( unc]ta9ty4 ,! practice is allud$ to 9 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well 7ii4 #b71 :]e ! cl[n speaks ( a pancake = ,%rove-,tuesday4#fdc ,9 ,p]icles 7ii4 #a7 !y are t]m$ flap-jacks1 a t]m us$ by ,taylor1 ! ,wat]-,poet1 9 8 ,jack-a-,l5t ,workes 7#afcj1 vol4 i4 p4 #aae73 ,until at la/ by ! skill ( ! cooke x is trans=m$ into ! =m ( a flap-jack1 :i* 9 our translation is call$ a pancake4 ,%rovetide 01 9 times gone by1 a season ( su* mir? t %rov+1 or to %rove1 signifi$ to be m]ry4 ,h5ce1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7v4 #c71 ,ju/ice ,sil5ce says3 ,be m]ry1 be m]ry1 my wife has all2 ,= wom5 are %rews1 bo? %ort & tall2 ',tis m]ry 9 hall1 :5 be>ds wag all1 ,& welcome m]ry %rove-tide4 ,be m]ry1 be m]ry4 #fdc ,cf4 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7i4 #b74 ,t\*/one alludes to a c]ta9 knight1 t swore by 8 hon\r !y 7 good pancakes4 ,x 0 a holiday & a day ( lic5se = appr5tices1 labor+ p]sons1 & o!rs4#fdd #fdd ,see ,hone's ,e ,day ,book1 #ahcf1 vol4 i4 p4 #beh2 ,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #bci2 see1 also1 ,dekk]'s ,sev5 ,deadly ,s9s1 #afjf1 p4 #ce2 ,briti% ,popul> ,cu/oms1 pp4 #fb-ia4 ,l5t4 ,?is season 0 at "o "t m>k$ by a cu/om n[ fall5 into disuse4 ,a figure1 made up ( /raw & ca/-(f clo!s1 0 drawn or c>ri$ ?r\gh ! /reets amid mu* noise & m]rim5t2 aft] :i* x 0 ei!r burn$1 %ot at1 or ?r[n d[n a *imney4 ,?is image 0 call$ a ,jack-a-,l5t1 & 01 accord+ to "s1 int5d$ to repres5t ,judas ,isc>iot4 ,x occurs twice 9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor2 once m]ely z a jocul> appellation 7iii4 #c71 :]e ,mrs4 ,page says to ,rob91 ,y little ,jack-a-,l5t1 h y be5 true to u8 & once 7v4 #e7 z a butt1 or object ( satire & attack1 ,fal/aff rem>k+1 ,h[ wit may be made a ,jack-a-,l5t1 :5 'tis ^u ill employm5t6 ,x is allud$ to by ,b5 ,jonson 9 8 ,tale ( a ,tub 7iv4 #b73 ,?\ cam'/ b half a ?+ into ! _w1 ,& wa/ made up ( pat*es1 p>+s1 %r$s2 ,?\1 t :5 la/ ?\ w]t put out ( s]vice1 ,travell'd to ,ham/ead ,hea? on an ,a% ,w$nesday1 ,:]e ?\ did/ /& six weeks ! ,jack ( ,l5t1 ,= boys to hurl ?ree ?r[s a p5ny at !e1 ,to make !e a purse4 ,eld]ton1 9 a ballad call$ ,l5ton ,/uff1 9 a ,,ms4 9 ! ,a%molean ,museum1 ?us concludes 8 acc\nt ( ,l5t3#fde ,:5 ,jakke a' ,l5t comes ju/lynge 91 ,) ! h$peece ( a h]ynge1 ,& say!1 rep5t y[e ( y[] syn1 ,= %ame1 syrs1 leve y[re sw]ynge3 ,& to ,palme ,sonday doe! he ryde1 ,) sprots & h]ryngs by 8 syde1 ,& makes an end ( ,l5ton tyde6#fdf #fde ,notes & ,qu]ies1 #a/ s]ies1 vol4 xii4 p4 #big4 #fdf ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #ddc2 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #aja4 ,taylor1 ! ,wat]-,poet1 has a tract entitl$ ,jack-a-,l5t1 8 ,beg9n+ & ,ent]ta9m5t1 ) ! mad ,prankes ( ,g5tlem5-,u%]1 ,%rove ,tuesday4 ,9 ! reign ( ,elizabe? but*]s 7 /rictly enjo9$ n to sell fle%meat 9 ,l5t1 n ) a religi\s view1 b = ! d\ble purpose#fdg ( dim9i%+ ! consumption ( fle%meat dur+ t p]iod1 & s mak+ x m pl5tiful dur+ ! re/ ( ! ye>1 & ( enc\rag+ ! fi%]ies & augm5t+ ! numb] ( seam54 ,but*]s1 h[ev]1 :o _h an int]e/ at c\rt frequ5tly obta9$ a disp5sation to kill a c]ta9 numb] ( bea/s a week dur+ ,l5t2 ( :i* indulg5ce ! wants ( invalids1 :o c\ld n subsi/ )\t animal food1 0 made ! pret5ce4 ,x is to ?is practice t ,cade ref]s 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iv4 #c71 :]e he tells ,dick1 ! but*] ( ,a%=d3 ,!re=e1 ?us w ,i rew>d !e1--! ,l5t %all be z long aga9 z x is2 & ?\ %alt h a lic5se to kill = a hundr$ lack+ "o4 #fdg ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 vi4 p4 #bai4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d71 ,fal/aff m5tions an indictm5t aga9/ ,ho/ess ,quickly1 = suff]+ fle% to be eat5 9 ?y h\se1 contr>y to ! law2 = ! :i* ,i ?9k ?\ wilt h[l4 ,:]eupon %e replies1 ,all victuall]s d s3 :at's a jo9t ( mutton or two 9 a :ole ,l5t8 ,! sp>+ f>e 9 old5 days1 dur+ ,l5t1 is indirectly ref]r$ to by ,ros5crantz 9 ,hamlet 7ii4 #b73 ,to ?9k1 my "l1 if y delight n 9 man1 :at l5t5 ent]ta9m5t ! play]s %all receive4 ,we may comp>e1 too1 ,m>ia's words 9 ,twelf? ,night 7i4 #e71 :]e %e speaks ( a good l5t5 answ]1 i4 e41 %ort4 ,by a scrap ( prov]bial rhyme quot$ by ,m]cutio 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7ii4 #d71 & ! spee* introduc+ x1 x appe>s t a /ale h>e might be us$ to make a pie 9 ,l5t2 he says3 ,no h>e1 sir3 unless a h>e1 sir1 9 a l5t5 pie1 t is some?+ /ale & ho> ere x be sp5t4 ,an old h>e ho>1 ,& an old h>e ho>1 ,is v good meat 9 ,l5t1 etc4 ,scambl+ days4 ,! days s call$ 7 ,mondays & ,saturdays 9 ,l5t1 :5 no regul> meals 7 provid$1 & our great families scambl$4 ,!re may possibly be an indirect allusion to ?is cu/om 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7v4 #b71 :]e ,%akespe>e makes ,k+ ,h5ry say3 ,if ev] ?\ bee/ m9e1 ,kate1 z ,i h a sav+ fai? )9 me tells me ?\ %alt1 ,i get !e ) scambl+4 ,9 ! old h\sehold book ( ! fif? ,e>l ( ,nor?umb]l& !re is a p>ticul> section appo9t+ ! ord] ( s]vice = ^! days1 & s regulat+ ! lic5ti\s cont5tions ( !m4 ,we may1 also1 comp>e ano!r passage 9 ! same play 7i4 #a71 :]e ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury speaks ( ! scambl+ & unquiet "t4 ,good ,friday4 ,beyond ! b>e allusion to ?is day1 ,%akespe>e makes no ref]5ce to ! _m obs]vances =m]ly associat$ ) x4 ,9 ,k+ ,john 7i4 #a7 he makes ,philip ! ,ba/>d say to ,lady ,faulconbridge3 ,madam1 ,i 0 n old ,sir ,rob]t's son3 ,sir ,rob]t might h eat 8 "p 9 me ,^u ,good ,friday1 & ne'er broke 8 fa/4 ,&1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #b71 ,po9s inquires3 ,jack1 h[ agrees ! devil & !e ab\t ?y s\l1 t ?\ solde/ him on ,good ,friday la/1 = a cup ( ,madeira & a cold capon's leg8 ,ea/]4 ,accord+ to a popul> sup]/ition1 x is consid]$ unlucky to omit we>+ new clo!s on ,ea/] ,day1 to :i* ,%akespe>e no d\bt alludes 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iii4 #a71 :5 he makes ,m]cutio ask ,b5volio :e!r he did n fall out ) a tailor = we>+ 8 new d\blet be=e ,ea/]4 ,9 ,ea/ ,york%ire1 on ,ea/] ,eve1 "y folks g to ! ne>e/ m>ket-t[n to buy "s new article ( dress or p]sonal adornm5t to we> = ! fir/ "t on ,ea/] ,day1 z o!rwise !y believe t birds--notably rooks or crakes--w spoil _! clo!s4#fdh ,9 ,poor ,rob9's ,almanac we are told3 ,at ,ea/] let y\r clo!s be new1 ,or else be sure y w x rue4 #fdh ,notes & ,qu]ies1 #d? s]ies1 vol4 v4 p4 #eie4 ,"s ?9k t ! cu/om ( clack+ at ,ea/]--:i* is n q obsolete 9 "s c\nties--is incid5tally allud$ to 9 ,measure = ,measure 7iii4 #b7 by ,lucio3 8 use 01 to put a ducat 9 h] clack-di%4#fdi ,! clack or clap di% 0 a wood5 di% ) a movable cov]1 =m]ly c>ri$ by begg>s1 :i* !y clack$ & clatt]$ to %[ t x 0 empty4 ,9 ?is !y receiv$ ! alms4 ,lep]s & o!r paup]s deem$ infecti\s orig9ally us$ x1 t ! s\nd might give w>n+ n to approa* too ne>1 & alms be giv5 )\t t\*+ ! p]son4 #fdi ,see ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 i4 p4 #cfb2 ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #afd3 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 p4 #id4 ,a popul> "n = ,ea/] ,monday 0 ,black ,monday1 s call$1 says ,/[1 because 9 ! #cd? ( ,edw>d ,,iii4 7#acfj71 ! #ad? ( ,april1 & ! morr[ aft] ,ea/] ,day1 ,k+ ,edw>d1 ) 8 ho/1 lay be=e ! city ( ,p>is2 :i* day 0 full d>k ( mi/ & hail1 & s bitt] cold1 t _m m5 di$ on _! horses' backs ) ! cold4 ,:]e=e unto ?is day x ha? be5 call'd ! ,blacke ,monday4 ,?us1 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7ii4 #e71 ,launcelot says1 x 0 n = no?+ t my nose fell a-ble$+ on ,black ,monday la/ at six o'clock i' ! morn+4 ,/4 ,david's ,day 7,m>* #a74 ,?is day is obs]v$ by ! ,wel% 9 honor ( ,/4 ,david1 _! patron sa9t1 :51 z a sign ( _! patriotism1 !y we> a leek4 ,mu* d\bt exi/s z to ! orig9 ( ?is cu/om4 ,accord+ to ! ,wel%1 x is because ,/4 ,david ord]$ 8 ,britons to place leeks 9 _! caps1 t !y might be di/+ui%$ f _! ,saxon foes4 ,%akespe>e introduces ! cu/om into 8 play ( ,h5ry ,v4 7iv4 #g71 :]e ,fluell51 address+ ! mon>*1 says3 ,y\r gr&fa!r ( fam\s memory1 an't please y\r maje/y1 & y\r great uncle ,edw>d ! ,plack ,pr9ce ( ,wales1 z ,i h read 9 ! *ronicles1 f\ght a mo/ prave pattle "h 9 ,france4 ,k4 ,h5ry4 ,!y did1 ,fluell54 ,flu4 ,y\r maje/y says v true3 if y\r maje/ies is rememb]$ ( x1 ! ,wel%m5 did goot s]vice 9 a g>d5 :]e leeks did gr[1 we>+ leeks 9 _! ,monm\? caps2 :i*1 y\r maje/y "k1 to ?is h\r is an hon\rable padge ( ! s]vice2 & ,i d pelieve1 y\r maje/y takes no scorn to we> ! leek ^u ,sa9t ,tavy's day4 ,x has be5 ju/ly po9t$ out1 h[ev]1 t ?is allusion by ,fluell5 to ! ,wel% hav+ worn ! leek 9 battle "u ! ,black ,pr9ce is n1 z "s writ]s suppose1 :olly decisive ( its hav+ orig9at$ 9 ! fields ( ,cressy1 b r %[s t :5 ,%akespe>e wrote ,wel%m5 wore leeks4#fej ,9 ! same play1 too 7iv4 #a71 ! well-rememb]$ ,fluell5's en=cem5t ( ,pi/ol to eat ! leek he _h ridicul$ fur!r e/abli%es ! we>+ z a usage4 ,pi/ol says3 ,tell him ,i'll knock 8 leek ab\t 8 pate ,^u ,sa9t ,davy's day4 #fej ,see ,hone's ,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #cah2 ,briti% ,popul> ,cu/oms1 pp4 #aaj-aac4 ,9 days gone by ?is day 0 obs]v$ by royalty2 & 9 #afie we read h[ ,william ,,iii4 wore a leek on ,/4 ,david's ,day1 pres5t$ to him by 8 s]geant1 ,port]1 :o ha? z p]quisites all ! we>+ app>el 8 maje/ie _h on t day1 ev5 to 8 sword4 ,x appe>s t =m]ly1 among o!r cu/oms1 a ,wel%man 0 burn$ 9 effigy ^u ,/4 ,tavy's ,day1 an allusion to :i* occurs 9 ,poor ,rob9's ,almanack = #ageg3 ,b x w\ld make a /rang] laugh1 ,to see ?' ,engli% hang poor ,taff3 ,a pair ( bree*es & a coat1 ,hat1 %oes1 & /ock+s1 & :at n1 ,are /uff$ ) hay1 to repres5t ,! ,cambrian h]o !reby meant4 ,/4 ,patrick's ,day 7,m>* #ag74 ,%akespe>e1 9 ,hamlet 7i4 #e71 makes ! ,dani% pr9ce swe> by ,/4 ,patrick1 on :i* ,w>burton rem>ks t ! :ole nor!rn _w _h _! le>n+ f ,irel&4#fea ,z ,mr4 ,s+]#feb obs]ves1 h[ev]1 x is m probable t ! poet seiz$ ! fir/ popul> imprecation t came to 8 m9d1 )\t reg>d+ :e!r x suit$ ! c\ntry or "* ( ! p]son to :om he gave x4 ,"s1 aga91 h suppos$ t !re is a ref]5ce "h to ,/4 ,patrick's purgatory1 b ?is does n seem probable4 #fea ,/4 ,patrick rids ,irel& ( snakes2 see p4 #beg4 #feb ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 #ahgj1 vol4 ix4 p4 #afh4 ,/4 ,george's ,day 7,april #bc74 ,/4 ,george1 ! gu>dian sa9t ( ,engl&1 is (t5 allud$ to by ,%akespe>e4 ,8 fe/ival1 :i* 0 =m]ly celebrat$ by fea/s ( cities & corporations1 is n[ almo/ pass$ ov] )\t notice4 ,?us1 ,b$=d1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #a71 speaks ( keep+ our great ,sa9t ,george's fea/ )al4 ,god & ,/4 ,george 0 once a common battle-cry1 sev]al ref]5ces to :i* occur 9 ,%akespe>e's plays4 ,?us1 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7iii4 #a71 ! k+ says to 8 soldi]s3#fec ,cry1 ,god = ,h>ry1 ,engl&1 & ,sa9t ,george4 #fec ,cf4 ,h5ry ,v41 v4 #b2 #c ,h5ry ,,vi41 ii4 #a1 #b2 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew1 ii4 #a2 ,ri*>d ,,ii41 i4 #c4 ,aga91 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iv4 #b71 ,talbot says3 ,god & ,sa9t ,george1 ,talbot & ,engl&'s "r1 ,prosp] our col\rs 9 ?is dang]\s fight6 ,! foll[+ injunction1 f an old act ( w>1 conc]n+ ! use ( ,/4 ,george's "n 9 onsets1 is curi\s3 ,item1 t all s\ldi]s ent]+ into battaile1 assault1 skirmi%1 or o!r faction ( armes1 %all h = _! common crye & ^w1 ,/4 ,george1 =w>d1 or1 ,^u !m1 ,/4 ,george1 :]eby ! s\ldi] is mu* com=t$1 & ! enemie dismai$1 by call+ to m9de ! anci5t val\r ( ,engl&1 ) :i* t "n has s (t5 be5 victori\s4#fed #fed ,cit$ by ,w>ton 9 a note on ,ri*>d ,,iii41 v4 #c4 ,! combat ( ?is sa9t on horseback ) a dragon has be5 v long e/abli%$ z a subject = sign-pa9t+4 ,9 ,k+ ,john 7ii4 #a7 ,philip says3 ,sa9t ,george1 t sw+'d ! dragon1 & e'er s9ce ,sits on 8 horseback at m9e ho/ess' door4 ,x is /ill a v favorite sign4 ,9 ,london alone#fee !re are said to be no less ?an sixty-six public-h\ses & tav]ns ) ! sign ( ,/4 ,george & ! ,dragon1 n c\nt+ be]-h\ses & c(fee-h\ses4 #fee ,hott5's ,hi/ory ( ,sign-bo>ds1 #ahff1 #c;d ed41 p4 #bhg4 ,may ,day4 ,! fe/ival ( ,may day has1 f ! e>lie/ times1 be5 mo/ popul> 9 ?is c\ntry1 on acc\nt ( its association ) ! joy\s season ( spr+4 ,x 0 =m]ly celebrat$ ) f> great] en?usiasm ?an n[adays1 = ,b\rne tells u h[ ! "y p 7 9 ! habit ( ris+ a little aft] midnight & walk+ to "s neighbor+ wood1 accompani$ ) music & ! bl[+ ( horns1 :]e !y broke d[n bran*es f ! trees1 :i*1 decorat$ ) nosegays & g>l&s ( fl[]s1 7 br\ght home soon aft] sunrise1 & plac$ at _! doors & w9d[s4 ,%akespe>e1 allud+ to ?is practice1 in=ms u h[ eag]ly x 0 look$ =w>d to1 & t x 0 impossible to make ! p sleep on ,may morn+4 ,?us1 9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7v4 #d71 x is said3 ,pray1 sir1 be pati5t3 'tis z mu* impossible-- ,unless we sweep 'em f ! door ) cannons-- ,to scatt] 'em1 z 'tis to make 'em sleep ,on ,may-day morn+4 ,aga91 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7i4 #a71 ,lys&]1 speak+ ( ^! ,may-day obs]vances1 says to ,h]mia3 ,if ?\ lov'/ me1 !n1 ,/eal =? ?y fa!r's h\se to-morr[ night2 ,& 9 ! wood1 a league )\t ! t[n1 ,:]e ,i did meet !e once ) ,hel5a1 ,to d obs]vance to a morn ( ,may1 ,!re w ,i /ay = !e4 ,& ,!seus says 7iv4 #a73 ,no d\bt !y rose up e>ly to obs]ve ,! rite ( ,may4#fef #fef ,cf4 ,twelf? ,night 7iii4 #d73 ,m matt] = a ,may morn+4 ,9 ! ,two ,noble ,k9sm5 7ii4 #c71 "o ( ! f\r c\ntrym5 asks3 ,d we all hold aga9/ ! ,may+8 ,9 ,*auc]'s ,c\rt ( ,love we read t e>ly on ,may day ,f\r? go? al ! ,c\rt1 bo? mo/ & le/1 to fet*e ! fl[ris fre% & blome4 ,9 ! reign ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 x is on record t ! heads ( ! corporation ( ,london w5t out into ! high gr\nds ( ,k5t to ga!r ! ,may1 & 7 met on ,%oot]'s ,hill by ! k+ & 8 que51 ,ka!r9e ( ,arragon1 z !y 7 com+ f ! palace ( ,gre5wi*4 ,until )9 a comp>atively rec5t p]iod1 ?is cu/om /ill l+]$ 9 "s ( ! c\nties4 ,?us1 at ,newca/le-^u-,tyne1 ! foll[+ dogg]el 0 sung3 ,rise up1 maid5s1 fie = %ame6 ,= ,i've be5 f\r long miles f hame1 ,i've be5 ga!r+ my g>l&s gay1 ,rise up1 fair maid5s1 & take 9 y\r ,may4 ,_m ( ! ballads sung n[adays1 9 c\ntry places1 by ! village *ildr51 on ,may morn+1 z !y c>ry _! g>l&s f door to door1 und\bt$ly ref] to ! old practice ( go+ a-,may+1 al?\gh fall5 into disuse4 ,9 old5 times ne>ly e village _h its ,may-pole1 ar\nd :i*1 decorat$ ) wrea?s ( fl[]s1 ribbons1 & flags1 our m]ry ance/ors danc$ f morn+ till night4 ,! e>lie/ repres5tation ( an ,engli% ,may-pole is t publi%$ 9 ! ,v>iorum ,%akespe>e1 & depict$ on a w9d[ at ,betley1 9 ,/af=d%ire1 !n ! prop]ty ( ,mr4 ,tollet1 & :i* he 0 dispos$ to ?9k z old z ! "t ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 ,! pole is plant$ 9 a m\nd ( e>?1 & has affix$ to x ,/4 ,george's r$-cross bann] & a :ite p5non or /ream] ) a =k$ end4 ,! %aft ( ! pole is pa9t$ 9 a diagonal l9e ( black colors ^u a yell[ gr\nd1 a *>act]i/ic decoration ( all ^! anci5t ,may-poles1 z allud$ to by ,%akespe>e 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7iii4 #b71 :]e x gives po9t to ,h]mia's allusion to h] rival ,hel5a z a pa9t$ ,may-pole4#feg ,! popul>ity ( ! ,may-pole 9 =m] c5turies is %[n by ! fact t "o ( our ,london p>i%es1 ,/4 ,&rew ,und]%aft1 d]ives its "n f ! ,may-pole :i* ov]hung its /eeple1 a ref]5ce to :i* we f9d made by ,ge(frey ,*auc]1 :o1 speak+ ( a va9 boa/]1 says3 ,"r well al(t1 & high ye be> y\r head1 ,z ye w\ld be> ! great %aft ( ,cornhill4 #feg ,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #ege2 see ,briti% ,popul> ,cu/oms1 pp4 #bbh-bcj1 #bdi4 ,london1 inde$1 _h sev]al ,may-poles1 "o ( :i* /ood 9 ,bas+ ,lane1 ne> ,/4 ,paul's ,ca!dral4 ,x 0 a l>ge fir pole1 =ty feet high & fifte5 in*es 9 diamet]1 & fabl$ to be ! ju/+ /aff ( ,g]>d ! ,giant4 ,only a few1 h[ev]1 ( ! old ,may-poles rema9 scatt]$ "h & !re ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry4 ,"o /ill supports a wea!rcock 9 ! *ur*y>d at ,p5dleton1 ,man*e/]2 & 9 ,d]by%ire1 a few ye>s ago1 sev]al 7 to be se5 /&+ on "s ( ! village gre5s4 ,! rhymes made use ( z ! p danc$ r\nd ! ,may-pole v>i$ accord+ to ! locality1 & (t5times comb9$ a curi\s mixture ( ! jocose & sacr$4 ,ano!r feature ( ! ,may-day fe/ivities 0 ! morris-dance1 ! pr9cipal *>act]s ( :i* g5]ally 7 ,rob9 ,hood1 ,maid ,m>ian1 ,sc>let1 ,/okesley1 ,little ,john1 ! ,hobby-horse1 ! ,bavian or ,fool1 ,tom ! ,pip]1 ) 8 pipe & tabor4 ,! numb] ( *>act]s v>i$ mu* at diff]5t times & places4 ,9 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well 7ii4 #b71 ! cl[n says3 ,z fit z t5 groats is = ! h& ( an attorney 444 a morris = ,may-day4#feh #feh ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 vol4 i4 pp4 #bdg-bgj2 ,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 pp4 #fcj-fcc4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #a7 ! ,duke ( ,york says ( ,cade3 ,i h se5 ,him cap] upright1 l a wild ,morisco1 ,%ak+ ! bloody d>ts1 z he 8 bells4 ,9 ! ,two ,noble ,k9sm5 7iii4 #e7 ,g]rold1 ! s*oolma/]1 ?us describes to ,k+ ,!seus ! morris-dance3 ,if y b fav\r1 our c\ntry pa/ime made is4 ,we are a few ( ^? collect$ "h1 ,t rud] tongues di/+ui% villag]s2 ,&1 to say v]ity & n to fable1 ,we are a m]ry r\t1 or else a rable1 ,or company1 or1 by a figure1 *oris1 ,t '=e ?y dignity w dance a morris4 ,& ,i1 t am ! rectifi] ( all1 ,by title ,pdagogus1 t let fall ,! bir* ^u ! bree*es ( ! small ones1 ,& humble ) a f]ula ! tall ones1 ,d "h pres5t ?is ma*9e1 or ?is frame3 ,&1 da9ty duke1 ^: d\ghty dismal fame1 ,f ,dis to ,ddalus1 f po/ to pill>1 ,is bl[n abroad1 help me1 ?y poor well will]1 ,&1 ) ?y tw9kl+ eyes1 look "r & /raight ,^u ?is mighty morr--( mickle weight-- ,is--n[ comes 91 :i* be+ glu'd toge!r ,makes morris1 & ! cause t we came he!r1 ,! body ( our sport1 ( no small /udy4 ,i fir/ appe>1 ?\gh rude1 & raw1 & muddy1 ,to speak1 be=e ?y noble grace1 ?is t5n]2 ,at ^: great feet ,i (f] up my p5n]3 ,! next1 ! ,"l ( ,may & ,lady bright1 ,! *amb]maid & s]v+-man1 by night ,t seek out sil5t hang+3 !n m9e ho/ ,& 8 fat sp\se1 t welcomes to _! co/ ,! gall$ travell]1 & ) a beck'n+1 ,in=m ! tap/] to inflame ! reck'n+3 ,!n ! bea/-eat+ cl[n1 & next ! fool1 ,! bavian1 ) long tail & eke long tool2 ,cum multis aliis t make a dance3 ,say ',ay1' & all %all pres5tly advance4 ,among ! scatt]$ allusions to ! *>act]s ( ?is dance may be notic$ t 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #c73 & = womanhood1 ,maid ,m>ian may be ! deputy's wife ( ! w>d to !e--! allusion be+ to ! degrad$ ,maid ,m>ian ( ! lat] morris-dance1 m male ?an female4#fei #fei ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #eej4 ,! hobby-horse1 ano!r p]sonage ( ! morris-dance on ,may day1 0 occasionally omitt$1 & appe>s to h giv5 rise to a popul> ballad1 a l9e ( :i* is giv5 by ,hamlet 7iii4 #b73 ,=1 ,o1 =1 ,o1 ! hobby-horse is =got4 ,?is is quot$ aga9 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7iii4 #a74 ,! hobby-horse 0 =m$ by a pa/ebo>d horse's head1 & a light frame made ( wick]-"w to jo9 ! h9d] p>ts4 ,?is 0 fa/5$ r\nd ! body ( a man1 & cov]$ ) a foot-clo? :i* ne>ly rea*$ ! gr\nd1 & conceal$ ! legs ( ! p]=m]1 :o display$ 8 antic eque/rian skill1 & p]=m$ v>i\s juggl+ tricks1 to ! amusem5t ( ! by/&]s4 ,9 ,sir ,walt] ,scott's ,mona/]y !re is a spirit$ description ( ! hobby-horse4 ,! t]m hobby-horse 0 appli$ to a loose woman1 & 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7i4 #b7 x is s us$ by ,leontes1 :o says to ,camillo3 ,!n say ,my wife's a hobby-horse2 des]ves a "n ,z rank z any flax-w5*1 t puts to ,be=e h] tro?-plight4 ,9 ,o!llo 7iv4 #a71 ,bianca1 speak+ ( ,desdemona's h&k]*ief1 says to ,cassio3 ,?is is "s m9x's tok51 & ,i mu/ take out ! "w6 ,!re1 give x y\r hobby-horse4 ,x seems also to h d5ot$ a silly fell[1 z 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7iii4 #b71 :]e x is s us$ by ,b5$ick4 ,ano!r "* 0 ,fri> ,tuck1 ! *apla9 ( ,rob9 ,hood1 & z su* is notic$ 9 ! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7iv4 #a71 :]e "o ( ! outlaws swe>s3 ,by ! b>e scalp ( ,rob9 ,hood's fat fri>4 ,he is also repres5t$ by ,tollet z a ,franciscan fri> 9 ! full cl]ical tonsure1 =1 z he adds1 ,:5 ! p>i% prie/s 7 inhibit$ by ! diocesan to assi/ 9 ! ,may games1 ! ,franciscans might give att5dance1 z be+ exempt$ f episcopal jurisdiction4#ffj #ffj ,see ,drake's ,%akespe>e & 8 ,times1 #ahag1 vol4 i4 p4 #afc4 ,x 0 no uncommon occurr5ce = metrical int]ludes ( a comic species1 & f\nd$ on ! a*ievem5ts ( ! outlaw ,rob9 ,hood1 to be p]=m$ aft] ! morris1 on ! ,may-pole gre54 ,mr4 ,drake ?9ks t ^! int]ludes are allud$ to 9 ,twelf? ,night 7iii4 #d71 :]e ,fabian exclaims1 on ! approa* ( ,sir ,&rew ,ague*eek ) 8 *all5ge1 ,m matt] = a ,may morn+4 ,:itsuntide4 ,ap>t f its obs]vance z a religi\s fe/ival1 ,:itsuntide 01 9 times pa/1 celebrat$ ) mu* c]emony4 ,9 ! ,ca?olic times ( ,engl& x 0 usual to dramatize ! desc5t ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 :i* ?is fe/ival commemorates--a cu/om :i* we f9d allud$ to 9 ,b>naby ,googe's translation ( ,naogeorgus3 ,on ,:it-,sunday :ite pigeons tame 9 /r+s f heav5 flie1 ,& "o t fram$ is ( wood /ill hange? 9 ! skie1 ,?\ see/ h[ !y ) idols play1 & tea* ! p too3 ,none o!rwise ?an little girls ) puppets us$ to d4 ,?is cu/om appe>s to h be5 c>ri$ to an extravagant height 9 ,spa91 = ,mr4 ,fosbroke#ffa tells u t ! gift ( ! ,holy ,gho/ 0 repres5t$ by ?und] f eng9es :i* did mu* damage4 ,wat]1 oak leaves1 burn+ tor*es1 waf]s1 & cakes 7 ?r[n d[n f ! *ur* ro(2 pigeons & small birds1 ) cakes ti$ to _! legs1 7 let loose2 & a long c5s] 0 swung up & d[n4 ,9 our own c\ntry1 _m co/ly pageants 7 exhibit$ at ?is season4 ,?us1 at ,*e/]1 ! ,:itsun ,my/]ies 7 act$ dur+ ! ,monday1 ,tuesday1 & ,w$nesday 9 ,:itsun week4 ,! p]=m]s 7 c>ri$ f "o place to ano!r by means ( a scaffold--a huge & pond]\s ma*9e m\nt$ on :eels1 gayly decorat$ ) flags1 & divid$ into two comp>tm5ts--! upp] ( :i* =m$ ! /age1 & ! l[]1 def5d$ f vulg> curiosity by co>se canvas drap]ies1 answ]$ ! purposes ( a gre5-room4 ,to ea* craft 9 ! city a sep>ate my/]y 0 allott$4 ,?us1 ! drap]s exhibit$ ! ,creation1 ! tann]s took ! ,fall ( ,lucif]1 ! wat]-c>ri]s ( ! ,dee act$ ! ,deluge1 etc4 ,! production1 too1 ( ^! pageants 0 extremely co/ly2 inde$1 ea* "o has be5 set d[n at fifte5 or tw5ty p\nds /]l+4 ,an allusion to ?is cu/om is made 9 ! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7iv4 #d71 :]e ,julia says3 ,at ,p5teco/1 ,:5 all our pageants ( delight 7 play'd1 ,our y\? got me to play ! woman's "p1 ,& ,i 0 trimm'd 9 ,madam ,julia's g[n4 #ffa ,encyclopdia ( ,antiquities1 #ahdc1 vol4 ii4 p4 #fec4 ,! morris-dance1 too1 0 =m]ly a common accompanim5t to ! ,:itsun ales1 a practice :i* is /ill kept up 9 _m p>ts ( ! c\ntry4 ,9 ,h5ry ,v4 7ii4 #d71 ! ,dauph9 ?us alludes to x3 ,i say1 'tis meet we all g =?1 ,to view ! sick & feeble p>ts ( ,france3 ,& let u d x ) no %[ ( fe>2 ,no1 ) no m ?an if we he>d t ,engl& ,7 busi$ ) a ,:itsun morris-dance4 ,& once m1 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #d71 ,p]dita says to ,florizel3 ,me?9ks ,i play z ,i h se5 !m d ,9 ,:itsun pa/orals4 ,a cu/om =m]ly kept up 9 connection ) ,:itsuntide 0 ! ,:itsun ale4 ,ale 0 s preval5t a dr9k among u 9 old5 times z to become a "p ( ! "n ( v>i\s fe/al meet+s1 z ,leet ale1 ,lamb ale1 ,bride ale 7bridal71 &1 z we see1 ,:itsun ale4 ,?us our ance/ors 7 9 ! habit ( hold+ p>o*ial meet+s e ,:itsuntide1 usually 9 "s b>n ne> ! *ur*1 consi/+ ( a k9d ( picnic1 z ea* p>i%ion] br\ght :at victuals he c\ld sp>e4 ,! ale1 :i* _h be5 brew$ pretty /rong = ! occasion1 0 sold by ! *ur*w>d5s1 & f its pr(its a fund arose = ! repair ( ! *ur*4#ffb ,^! meet+s are ref]r$ to by ,%akespe>e 9 ,p]icles 7i4 #a73 ,x ha? be5 sung at fe/ivals1 ,on emb]-eves & holy-ales4 #ffb ,see ,briti% ,popul> ,cu/oms1 p4 #bgh2 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #bgf4 ,9 ! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7ii4 #e71 :5 ,launce tells ,spe$1 ?\ ha/ n s mu* *>ity 9 !e z to g to ! ale ) a ,*ri/ian1 ^! words h be5 expla9$ to mean ! rural fe/ival s nam$1 ?\gh1 z ,mr4 ,dyce rem>ks 7,gloss>y1 p4 #aj71 ! previ\s words ( ,launce1 g ) me to ! ale-h\se1 %[ ?is explanation to be wrong4 ,9 ! old miracle-plays p]=m$ at ?is & o!r seasons ,h]od 0 a favorite p]sonage1 & 0 g5]ally repres5t$ z a tyrant ( a v ov]be>+1 viol5t "*4 ,?us ,hamlet says 7iii4 #b73 ,o1 x (f5ds me to ! s\l1 to he> a robu/i\s p]iwig-pat$ fell[ te> a passion to tatt]s1 to v rags1 to split ! e>s ( ! gr\ndl+s2 :o1 = ! mo/ "p1 are capable ( no?+ b inexplicable dumb-%[s & noise3 ,i w\ld h su* a fell[ :ipp$ = o'er-do+ ,t]magant2 x out-h]ods ,h]od4 ,on ?is acc\nt ,alexas m5tions him z ! mo/ d>+ "* :5 he tells ,cleopatra 7,antony & ,cleopatra1 iii4 #c73 ,good maje/y1 ,h]od ( ,jewry d>e n look ^u y ,b :5 y are well pleas'd4 ,9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7ii4 #a71 ,mrs4 ,page speaks ( him 9 ! same signification3 ,:at a ,h]od ( ,jewry is ?is6 ,mr4 ,dyce1 9 8 ,gloss>y 7p4 #bjg71 has ?is note3 ,if ! read] wi%es to "k :at a swagg]+1 upro>i\s tyrant ,h]od 0 repres5t$ to be 9 ^? old dramatic p]=mances1 let him turn to ',magnus ,h]odes' 9 ',! ,t[neley ,my/]ies1' p4 #adj1 ed4 ,surtees ,society2 to ',k+ ,h]od' 9 ! ',cov5try ,my/]ies1' p4 #ahh1 ed4 ,%akespe>e ,society2 & to ',! ,slaught] ( ! ,innoc5ts' 9 ',! ,*e/] ,plays1' vol4 i4 p4 #agb1 ed4 ,%akespe>e ,society4 ,l ,h]od1 ,t]magant#ffc 0 a hector+ tyrant ( ! miracle-plays1 & z su* is m5tion$ by ,hamlet 9 ! passage quot$ above4 ,h5ce1 9 c\rse ( "t1 ! ^w 0 us$ z an adjective1 9 ! s5se ( viol5t1 z 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7v4 #d71 t hot t]magant ,scot4 ,hall m5tions him 9 8 fir/ satire3 ,nor fright ! read] ) ! ,pagan vaunt ,( mighty ,mah\nd & great ,t]magaunt4 #ffc ,accord+ to ! crusad]s & ! old romance writ]s a ,s>ac5 deity4 ,see ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 ix4 p4 #bad4 ,:ile speak+ ( ! old my/]ies or miracle-plays we may also "h ref] to ! moralities1 a class ( religi\s plays 9 :i* allegorical p]sonifications ( ! virtues & vices 7 introduc$ z dramatis p]son4 ,^! p]sonages at fir/ only took "p 9 ! play along ) ! ,scriptural or leg5d>y *>act]s1 b aft]w>ds entirely sup]s$$ !m4 ,!y cont9u$ 9 fa%ion till ! "t ( ,que5 ,elizabe?4 ,sev]al allusions are giv5 by ,%akespe>e to ^! moral plays4 ,?us1 9 ,twelf? ,night 7iv4 #a71 ! cl[n s+s3 ,i am gone1 sir1 ,& anon1 sir1 ,i'll be ) y aga9 ,9 a trice1 ,l to ! old ,vice1 ,y\r ne$ to su/a92 ,:o1 ) dagg] ( la?1 ,9 8 rage & 8 wra?1 ,cries1 ,ah1 ha6 to ! devil1 etc4 ,aga91 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d71 ,pr9ce ,h5ry speaks ( t rev]5d ,vice1 t grey ,iniquity2 & 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #b71 ,fal/aff says1 n[ is ?is ,vice's dagg] become a squire4 ,aga91 fur!r allusions occur 9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7iii4 #a74 ,glo/] says3 ,?us1 l ! =mal ,vice1 ,iniquity1 ,i moralize two mean+s 9 "o ^w4 ,& once m1 ,hamlet 7iii4 #d71 speaks ( a ,vice ( k+s1 a k+ ( %r$s & pat*es4 ,accord+ to ,n>es1 ,vice _h ! "n sometimes ( "o vice1 sometimes ( ano!r1 b mo/ commonly ( ,iniquity1 or ,vice itself4 ,he 0 grotesquely dress$ 9 a cap ) ass's e>s1 a long coat1 & a dagg] ( la?4 ,"o ( 8 *ief employm5ts 0 to make sport ) ! devil1 leap+ on 8 back1 & belabor+ him ) 8 dagg] ( la?1 till he made him ro>4 ,! devil1 h[ev]1 always c>ri$ him (f 9 ! end4 ,he 01 9 %ort1 ! buffoon ( ! morality1 & 0 succe$$ 9 8 (fice by ! cl[n1 :om we see 9 ,%akespe>e & o!rs4#ffd #ffd ,see ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #dhb4 ,aga91 !re may be a fur!r allusion to ! moralities 9 ,k+ ,le> 7ii4 #b71 :]e ,k5t says to ,oswald1 take ,vanity1 ! puppet's1 "p1 aga9/ ! royalty ( h] fa!r4 ,!n1 too1 !re 7 ! pageants--%[s :i* 7 usually p]=m$ 9 ! highways ( our t[ns1 & assimilat$ 9 "s degree to ! miracle-plays1 b 7 ( a m mix$ "*1 be+ p>tly drawn f pr(ane hi/ory4 ,accord+ to ,/rutt1 !y 7 m frequ5t 9 ,london1 be+ requir$ at /at$ p]iods1 su* z ! sett+ ( ! ,midsumm] ,wat*1 & ! ,"l ,mayor's ,%[4#ffe ,among ! allusions to ^! %[s giv5 by ,%akespe>e1 we may quote "o 9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7iv4 #d71 :]e ,que5 ,m>g>et speaks ( ,! flatt]+ index ( a direful pageant --! pageants display$ on public occasions be+ g5]ally prec$$ by a brief acc\nt ( ! ord] 9 :i* ! *>act]s 7 to walk4 ,^! indexes 7 di/ribut$ among ! spectators1 t !y might und]/& ! mean+ ( su* allegorical repres5tations z 7 usually exhibit$4 ,9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7i4 #a71 ,sal>9o calls argosies ! pageants ( ! sea1 9 allusion1 says ,d\ce1#fff to ^? enorm\s ma*9es1 9 ! %apes ( ca/les1 dragons1 %ips1 giants1 etc41 t 7 drawn ab\t ! /reets 9 ! anci5t %[s or pageants1 & :i* (t5 con/itut$ ! mo/ important "p ( !m4 ,aga91 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7iii4 #d71 ,cor9 says3 ,if y w see a pageant truly play'd1 ,betwe5 ! pale complexion ( true love ,& ! r$ gl[ ( scorn & pr\d disda91 ,g h5ce a little1 & ,i %all conduct y1 ,if y w m>k x4 #ffe ,sports & ,pa/imes1 #ahgf1 pp4 #be-bh2 see ,w>ton's ,hi/ory ( ,engli% ,poetry1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bjb4 #fff ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #aed4 ,& 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7iv4 #ad71 ,antony speaks ( black vesp]'s pageants4 ,! n9e wor?ies1 orig9ally compris+ ,jo%ua1 ,david1 ,judas ,maccabu1 ,hector1 ,alex&]1 ,julius ,cs>1 ,ar?ur1 ,*>lemagne1 & ,godfrey ( ,b\illon1 appe> f a v e>ly p]iod to h be5 introduc$ occasionally 9 ! %[s & pageants ( our ance/ors4 ,?us1 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b71 ! pageant ( ! n9e wor?ies is introduc$4 ,z ,%akespe>e1 h[ev]1 introduces ,h]cules & ,pompey among 8 pres5ce ( wor?ies1 we may inf] t ! *>act]s 7 sometimes v>i$ to suit ! circum/ances ( ! p]iod1 or ! ta/e ( ! auditory4 ,a ,,ms4 pres]v$ 9 ! libr>y ( ,tr9ity ,college1 ,dubl91 m5tions ! ,six ,wor?ies hav+ be5 play$ be=e ! ,"l ,deputy ,sussex 9 #aeeg4ffg #ffg ,/aunton's ,%akespe>e1 #ahfd1 vol4 i4 pp4 #adg1 #adh4 ,ano!r feature ( ! ,:itsun m]ry-mak+s 7 ! ,cotswold games1 :i* 7 g5]ally on ! ,?ursday 9 ,:itsun week1 9 ! vic9ity ( ,*ipp+ ,campd54 ,!y 7 in/itut$ by an attorney ( ,burton-on-!-,hea?1 9 ,w>wick%ire1 nam$ ,rob]t ,dov]1 &1 l ! ,olympic games ( ! anci5ts1 consi/$ ( mo/ k9ds ( manly sports1 su* z wre/l+1 leap+1 pit*+ ! b>1 h&l+ ! pike1 danc+1 & hunt+4 ,b5 ,jonson1 ,drayton1 & o!r poets ( t age wrote v]ses on ?is fe/ivity1 :i*1 9 #afcf1 7 collect$ into "o volume1 & publi%$ "u ! "n ( ,annalia ,dubr5sia4#ffh ,9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7i4 #a71 ,sl5d] asks ,page1 ,h[ does y\r fall[ greyh\nd1 sir8 ,i he>d say1 he 0 outrun on ,cotsall4 ,& 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4#ffi 7iii4 #b71 ,%all[1 by di/+ui%+ ,w ,squele z a ,cotswold man1 meant to imply t he 0 well v]s$ 9 manly ex]cises1 & consequ5tly ( a d>+ _s & a?letic con/itution4 ,a %eep 0 jocul>ly call$ a ,cotsold1 or ,cotswold lion1 f ! ext5sive pa/ures 9 t "p ( ,gl\ce/]%ire4 #ffh ,see ,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #gab4 #ffi ,see ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 v4 p4 #bjf4 ,:ile speak+ ( ,:itsuntide fe/ivities1 we may ref] to ! roa/$ ,mann+tree ox ) ! pudd+ 9 8 belly1 to :i* ,pr9ce ,h5ry alludes 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d74 ,x appe>s t ,mann+tree1 9 ,essex1 =m]ly enjoy$ ! privilege ( fairs1 by ! t5ure ( exhibit+ a c]ta9 numb] ( ,/age ,plays ye>ly4 ,!re 71 also1 great fe/ivities !re1 & mu* good eat+1 at ,:itsun ales & o!r times4 ,h5ce1 x seems t roa/+ an ox :ole 0 n uncommon on su* occasions4 ,! pudd+ spok5 ( by ,pr9ce ,h5ry (t5 accompani$ ! ox1 z we f9d 9 a ballad writt5 9 #afeh3fgj ,j s ! p />e ,at an ox 9 ! fair ,roa/$ :ole ) a pudd+ 9 's belly4 #fgj ,see ,ni*ol's ,collection ( ,poems1 #aghj1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bjd4 ,%eep-%e>+ ,"t comm5ces z soon z ! w>m wea!r is s f> settl$ t ! %eep may1 )\t dang]1 lay aside _! w9t] clo?+2 ! foll[+ tok5s be+ laid d[n by ,dy]1 9 8 ,fleece 7bk4 i71 to m>k out ! prop] "t3#fga ,if v]dant eld] spreads ,h] silv] fl[]s2 if humble daisies yield ,to yell[ cr[foot & luxuriant grass ,gay %e>+-"t approa*es4 #fga ,see ,knight's ,life ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahde1 p4 #ga2 ,h[itt's ,pictorial ,cal5d> ( ! ,seasons1 #ahed1 pp4 #bed-bfg4 ,our ance/ors1 :o took advantage ( e natural holiday1 to keep x long & gladly1 celebrat$ ! "t ( %eep-%e>+ by a fea/ exclusively rural4 ,drayton1#fgb ! c\ntryman ( ,%akespe>e1 has graphically describ$ ?is fe/ive sc5e1 ! ,vale ( ,eve%am be+ ! locality ( ! %eep-%e>+ :i* he has pictur$ s pleasantly3 ,! %eph]d k+1 ,^: flock ha? *anc'd t ye> ! e>lie/ lamb to br+1 ,9 8 gay baldric sits at 8 l[1 grassy bo>d1 ,) flawns1 curds1 cl\t$ cream1 & c\ntry da9ties /or$2 ,& :il/ ! bag-pipe plays1 ea* lu/y1 jocund swa9 ,quaffs syllabubs 9 cans1 to all ^u ! pla91 ,& to _! c\ntry girls1 ^: nosegays !y d we>2 ,"s r\ndelays d s+2 ! re/ ! bur!n be>4 #fgb ,polyolbion1 song #ad2 see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 p4 #cd2 ,timbs's ,a ,g>l& = ! ,ye>1 pp4 #gd1 #ge4 ,9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale1 "o ( ! mo/ delici\s sc5es 7iv4 #d7 is t ( ! %eep-%e>+1 9 :i* we h ! m poetical %eph]d-que54 ,mr4 ,furnivall1#fgc 9 8 introduction to ?is play1 ju/ly rem>ks3 ,h[ happily x br+s ,%akespe>e be=e u1 mix+ ) 8 ,/rat=d neighbors at _! %eep-%e>+ & c\ntry sports1 enjoy+ ! vagabond p$l]'s gammon & talk1 delight+ 9 ! sweet ,w>wick%ire maid5s1 & buy+ !m 'fair+s1' tell+ gobl9 /ories to ! boys1 ',!re 0 a man dwelt 9 a *ur*y>d1' op5+ 8 he>t afre% to all ! innoc5t mir?1 & ! beauty ( nature ar\nd him4 ,! exp5se atta*+ to ^! fe/ivities appe>s to h af=d$ matt] ( compla9t4 ,?us1 ! cl[n asks1 ,:at am ,i to buy = our %eep-%e>+ fea/8 & !n proce$s to enum]ate v>i\s ?+s :i* he w h to pur*ase4 ,9 ,tuss]'s ,five ,hundr$ ,po9ts ( ,husb&ry ?is fe/ival is describ$ "u ,! ,pl\ghman's ,fea/-days3 ,wife1 make u a d9n]1 sp>e fle% nei!r corne1 ,make waf]s & cakes1 = our %eep mu/ be %orne2 ,at %eepe-%e>+1 neighb\rs none o!r ?+s crave1 ,b good *e]e & welcome l neighb\rs to h4 #fgc ,introduction to ! ,leopold ,%akespe>e1 p4 xci4 ,midsumm] ,eve appe>s to h be5 reg>d$ z a p]iod :5 ! imag9ation ran riot1 & _m a curi\s sup]/ition 0 associat$ ) ?is season4 ,?us1 p ga!r$ on ?is night ! rose1 ,/4 ,john's wort1 v]va91 trefoil1 & rue1 all ( :i* 7 suppos$ to h magical prop]ties4 ,!y set ! orp9e 9 clay ^u pieces ( slate or pot%]d 9 _! h\ses1 call+ x a ,midsumm] man4 ,z ! /alk 0 f\nd next morn+ to incl9e to ! "r or left1 ! anxi\s maid5 knew :e!r h] lov] w\ld prove true to h] or n4 ,"y m5 s\ght1 also1 = pieces ( coal1 b1 9 reality1 c]ta9 h>d1 black1 dead roots1 (t5 f\nd "u ! liv+ mugwort1 design+ to place ^! "u _! pill[s1 t !y might dream ( !mselves4#fgd ,x 0 also suppos$ t any p]son fa/+ on ,midsumm]-eve1 & sitt+ 9 ! *ur*-por*1 w\ld at midnight see ! spirits ( ^? p]sons ( t p>i% :o w\ld die t ye> come & knock at ! *ur*-door1 9 ! ord] & succession 9 :i* !y w\ld die4 ,midsumm] 0 =m]ly ?\ght to be a season productive ( madness4 ,?us1 ,malvolio's /range conduct is describ$ by ,olivia 9 ,twelf? ,night 7iii4 #d7 z ,a v midsumm] madness4 ,&1 h5ce1 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream is no inappropriate title = ! s]ies ( wild incongruities ( :i* ! play consi/s4#fge ,! ,l[-,dut* h a prov]b t1 :5 m5 h pass$ a tr\blesome night1 & c\ld n sleep1 !y h pass$ ,/4 ,john ,bapti/'s night--t is1 !y h n tak5 any sleep1 b wat*$ all night4 ,heywood seems to allude to a simil> notion :5 he says3 ,z mad z a ,m>* h>e3 :]e madness comp>es1 ,are n midsumm] h>es z mad z ,m>* h>es8 #fgd ,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #haf2 see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 vol4 i4 p4 #cad2 ,soane's ,book ( ! ,mon?s4 #fge ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 pp4 #ccf1 #ccg4 ,a prov]bial phrase1 too1 to signify t a p]son 0 mad1 01 ',tis midsumm] moon ) y--hot wea!r be+ suppos$ to affect ! bra94 ,dog-days4 ,a popul> sup]/ition--9 all probability d]iv$ f ! ,egyptians--ref]r$ to ! ris+ & sett+ ( ,sirius1 or ! ,dog-/>1 z infus+ madness into ! can9e race4 ,consequ5tly1 ! "n ( ,dog-days 0 giv5 by ! ,romans to ! p]iod betwe5 ! #c;d ( ,july & #aa? ( ,augu/1 to :i* ,%akespe>e alludes 9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7v4 #c71 ! dog-days n[ reign4 ,x is obvi\s t ! notion is utt]ly gr\ndless1 = n only does ! /> v>y 9 its ris+1 b is lat] & lat] e ye>4 ,accord+ to ! ,roman belief1 at ! ris+ ( ! ,dog-/> ! seas boil1 ! w9es f]m5t 9 ! cell>s1 & /&+ wat]s are set 9 motion2 ! dogs1 also1 g mad1 & ! /urgeon is bla/$4 ,! t]m ,dog-days is /ill a common phrase1 & x is difficult to say :e!r x is f sup]/iti\s adh]5ce to old cu/om or f a belief ( ! injuri\s effect ( heat ^u ! can9e race t ! magi/rates1 (t5 unwisely1 at ?is season ( ! ye> ord] !m to be muzzl$ or ti$ up4 ,lammas-day 7,augu/ #a74 ,accord+ to "s antiqu>ians1 ,lammas is a corruption ( loaf-mass1 z our ance/ors made an (f]+ ( bread f new :eat on ?is day4 ,o!rs d]ive x f lamb-mass1 because ! t5ants :o held l&s "u ! ,ca!dral ,*ur* ( ,york 7 b\nd by _! t5ure to br+ a live lamb into ! *ur* at high mass4#fgf ,x appe>s to h be5 a popul> day 9 times pa/1 & is m5tion$ 9 ! foll[+ dialogue 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #c71 :]e ! ,nurse inquires3 ,h[ long is x n[ ,to ,lammas-tide8 ,lady ,capulet4 ,a =tnight1 & odd days4 ,nurse4 ,ev5 or odd1 ( all days 9 ! ye>1 ,come ,lammas-eve at night1 %all %e be f\rte58 #fgf ,see ,briti% ,popul> ,cu/oms1 pp4 #cdg-cea4 ,9 ,neale's ,essays on ,liturgiology 7#b;d4 ed41 p4 #ebf71 ! ,wel% equival5t = ,lammas-day is giv5 z dydd degwm wyn1 lamb-ti?+ day4 ,/4 ,*>ity 7,augu/ #a74 ,?is sa9t is f\nd 9 ! ,m>tyrology on ! #a/ ( ,augu/3 ,rom passio ,sanct>am ,virg9um ,fidei1 ,spei1 et ,*>itatis1 qu sub ,hadriano pr9cipe m>tyri coronam adept sunt4#fgg ,%e is allud$ to by ,ophelia1 9 h] song 9 ,hamlet 7iv4 #e73 ,by ,gis1#fgh & by ,sa9t ,*>ity1 ,alack1 & fie = %ame6 etc4 #fgg ,d\glas's ,crit]ion1 p4 #fh1 cit$ by ,ritson2 see ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #dge4 #fgh ,?is is1 p]haps1 a corrupt abbreviation ( ,by ,jesus4 ,"s w\ld read ,by ,cis1 & und]/& by x ,/4 ,cicely4 ,9 ! ,faire ,maide ( ,bri/[e 7#afje7 we f9d a simil> allusion3 ,n[1 by ,sa9t ,*>ity1 if ,i 7 judge1 ,a halt] 7 ! lea/ %\ld hamp] him4 ,/4 ,b>?olomew's ,day 7,augu/ #bd74 ,! anniv]s>y ( ?is fe/ival 0 =m]ly signaliz$ by ! hold+ ( ! great ,smi?field ,fair1 ! only real fair held )9 ! city ( ,london4 ,"o ( ! *ief attractions ( ,b>?olomew ,fair 7 roa/$ pigs4 ,!y 7 sold pip+ hot1 9 boo?s & on /alls1 & o/5tati\sly display$ to excite ! appetite ( pass5g]s4 ,h5ce1 a ,b>?olomew pig became a popul> subject ( allusion4 ,fal/aff1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d71 9 coax+ ridicule ( 8 enorm\s figure1 is playfully call$1 by 8 favorite ,doll3 ,?\ :oreson little tidy ,b>?olomew bo>-pig4 ,dr4 ,johnson1 h[ev]1 ?\ght t pa/e pigs 7 meant 9 ?is passage2 b ?is is improbable1 z ! true ,b>?olomew pigs 7 real roa/$ pigs1 z may be se5 f ,b5 ,jonson's play ( ,b>?olomew ,fair 7i4 #f71 :]e ,ursula1 ! pig-woman1 is an important p]sonage4#fgi ,gay1 too1 speaks ( ! pig-dress]s3 ,l ,b>?olomew ,fair pig-dress]s1 :o look l ! dams1 z well z ! cooks1 ( :at !y roa/$4 ,a fur!r allusion to ?is season is f\nd 9 ,h5ry ,v1 7v4 #b71 :]e ,burgundy tells h[ maids1 well-summ]$ & w>m kept1 are l flies at ,b>?olomew-tide1 bl9d1 ?\gh !y h _! eyes2 & !n !y w endure h&l+1 :i* be=e w\ld n abide look+ on4 #fgi ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #eg2 ,morley's ,memoirs ( ,b>?olomew ,fair1 #ahei4 ,h>ve/ ,home4 ,! c]emonies :i* grac$ ! +a!r+ ( ! h>ve/ 9 bygone times h gradually disappe>$1 & at ! pres5t day only remnants ( ! old usages :i* once prevail$ are /ill pres]v$4 ,%akespe>e1 :o has *ronicl$ s _m ( our old cu/oms1 & seems to h _h a special delight 9 illu/rat+ 8 writ+s ) ^! *>act]i/ics ( our social life1 has giv5 sev]al int]e/+ allusions to ! obs]vances :i*1 9 8 day1 grac$ ! h>ve/-field4 ,?us1 9 ,w>wick%ire1 ! labor]s1 at _! h>ve/-home1 appo9t$ a judge to try misdemeanors committ$ dur+ h>ve/1 & ^? :o 7 s5t5c$ to puni%m5t 7 plac$ on a b5* & beat5 ) a pair ( boots4 ,h5ce ! c]emony 0 call$ giv+ !m ! boots4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t ?is cu/om is allud$ to 9 ! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7i4 #a71 :]e ,%akespe>e makes ,proteus1 p>ry+ ,val5t9e's raill]y1 say1 nay1 give me n ! boots4 ,9 ,nor?ampton%ire1 :5 any "o misconduct$ himself 9 ! field dur+ h>ve/1 he 0 subject$ to a mock-trial at ! h>ve/-home fea/1 & condemn$ to be boot$1 a description ( :i* we f9d 9 ! introduction to ,cl>e's ,village ,m9/rel3 ,a long =m is plac$ 9 ! kit*51 ^u :i* ! boys :o h work$ well sit1 z a t]ror & disgrace to ! re/1 9 a b5t po/ure1 ) _! h&s laid on ea* o!r's backs1 =m+ a bridge = ! 'hogs' 7z ! truant boys are call$7 to pass ov]2 :ile a /rong *ap /&s on ea* side ) a boot-legg+1 s\ndly /rapp+ !m z !y scuffle ov] ! bridge1 :i* is done z fa/ z _! +5uity c c>ry !m4 ,"s1 h[ev]1 ?9k ! allusion 9 ! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona is to ! diabolical torture ( ! boot4 ,n a great :ile be=e ?is play 0 writt51 x _h be5 inflict$1 says ,d\ce1#fhj 9 ! pres5ce ( ,k+ ,james1 on "o ,dr4 ,fian1 a suppos$ wiz>d1 :o 0 *>g$ ) rais+ ! /orms t ! k+ enc\nt]$ 9 8 return f ,d5m>k4 ,! un=tunate man 0 aft]w>ds burn$4 ,?is horrible torture1 we are told1#fha consi/$ 9 ! leg & knee ( ! crim9al be+ enclos$ )9 a tight iron boot or case1 w$ges ( iron be+ !n driv5 9 ) a mallet betwe5 ! knee & ! iron boot4 ,sir ,walt] ,scott1 9 ,old ,mortality1 has giv5 a description ( ,macbri> und]go+ ?is puni%m5t4 ,at a lat] p]iod ! boot signifi$1 accord+ to ,n>es1#fhb an in/rum5t = tight5+ ! leg or h&1 & 0 us$ z a cure = ! g\t1 & call$ a bootik9s4 ,! phrase to give ! boots seems to h be5 a prov]bial expression1 signify+ ,don't make a laugh+-/ock ( me2 don't play ^u me4 #fhj ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #ba4 #fha ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #dg2 ,d\ce has giv5 a repres5tation ( ?is in/rum5t ( torture f ,milloeus's ,praxis ,crim9is ,p]sequ5di1 ,p>is1 #aeda4 #fhb ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #ie4 ,9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7v4 #a71 :]e ,lor5zo says3 ,come1 ho6 & wake ,diana ) a hymn3 ,) sweete/ t\*es pi]ce y\r mi/ress' e>1 ,& draw h] home ) music1 we h1 d\btless1 an allusion to ! ,hock ,c>t ( ! old h>ve/-home4 ,?is 0 ! c>t :i* c>ri$ ! la/ corn away f ! h>ve/-field1#fhc & 0 g5]ally pr(usely decorat$1 & accompani$ by music1 old & "y %\t+ at ! top ( _! voices a dogg]el aft] ! foll[+ fa%ion3 ,we h pl\gh$1 we h s[$1 ,we h reap$1 we h m[$1 ,we h br\ght home e load1 ,hip1 hip1 hip6 h>ve/ home4#fhd #fhc ,cf4 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #c73 ,8 *91 new reap'd1 ,%['d l a /ubble-l& at h>ve/-home4 #fhd ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #af-cc4 ,9 ,poor ,rob9's ,almanack = ,augu/1 #afgf1 we read3 ,hoacky is br\ght home ) hall[+1 ,boys ) plumb-cake ! c>t foll[+4 ,holyrood ,day 7,septemb] #ad74 ,?is fe/ival1#fhe call$ also ,holy-,cross ,day1 0 in/itut$ by ! ,romi% ,*ur*1 on acc\nt ( ! recov]y ( a l>ge piece ( ! suppos$ cross by ! ,emp]or ,h]aclius1 aft] x _h be5 tak5 away1 on ! plund]+ ( ,j]usalem1 by ,*osroes1 k+ ( ,p]sia4 ,among ! cu/oms associat$ ) ?is day 0 "o ( go+ a-nutt+1 allud$ to 9 ! old play ( ,grim1 ! ,colli] ( ,croydon 7ii4 #a73 ,to morr[ is ,holy-rood day1 ,:5 all a-nutt+ take _! way4 #fhe ,see ,briti% ,popul> ,cu/oms1 pp4 #cgb1 #cgc4 ,9 ,l9coln%ire ?is day is call$ ,hally-,loo ,day4 ,%akespe>e m5tions ?is fe/ival 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #a71 :]e he repres5ts ! ,e>l ( ,we/morel& relat+ h[1 ,on ,holy-rood day1 ! gallant ,hotspur !re1 ,"y ,h>ry ,p]cy & brave ,ar*ibald1 ,t ev]-valiant & approv$ ,scot1 ,at ,holm$on met4 ,/4 ,lamb]t's ,day 7,septemb] #ag74 ,?is sa9t1 ^: orig9al "n 0 ,l&eb]t1 b contract$ into ,lamb]t1 0 a native ( ,mae/ri*t1 9 ! sev5? c5tury1 & 0 assass9at$ e>ly 9 ! eigh?4#fhf ,8 fe/ival is allud$ to 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7i4 #a71 :]e ! k+ says3 ,be ready1 z y\r lives %all answ] x1 ,at ,cov5try1 ^u ,sa9t ,lamb]t's day4 #fhf ,see ,butl]'s ,lives ( ! ,sa9ts4 ,mi*aelmas 7,septemb] #bi74 ,9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7i4 #a71 ?is fe/ival is allud$ to by ,simple1 :o1 9 answ] to ,sl5d]1 :e!r he _h ! ,book ( riddles ab\t him1 replies3 ,:y1 did y n l5d x to ,alice ,%ortcake ^u ,all-hall[mas la/1 a =tnight a=e ,mi*aelmas1--?is d\btless be+ an int5d$ blund]4 ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d71 ,francis says3 ,let me see--ab\t ,mi*aelmas next ,i %all be4 ,/4 ,e!ldr$a1 or ,audry1 commemorat$ 9 ! ,romi% ,cal5d> on ! #bc;d ( ,june1 b 9 ! ,engli% ,cal5d> on ! #ag? ( ,octob]1 0 daught] ( ,annas1 ,k+ ( ! ,ea/ ,angles4 ,%e f\nd$ ! conv5t & *ur* ( ,ely1 on ! spot :]e ! ca!dral 0 subsequ5tly erect$4 ,=m]ly1 at ,ely1 a fair 0 annually held1 call$ 9 h] memory ,/4 ,audry's ,fair1 at :i* mu* *eap lace 0 sold to ! poor] classes1 :i* at fir/ w5t by ! "n ( ,/4 ,audry's lace1 b 9 "t 0 corrupt$ into tawdry lace4 ,%akespe>e makes an allusion to ?is lace 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #d71 :]e ,mopsa says3 ,come1 y promis$ me a tawdry lace1 & a pair ( sweet gloves2 al?\gh 9 8 "t ! expression r meant a ru/ic necklace4#fhg ,an old ,engli% hi/orian makes ,/4 ,audry die ( a swell+ 9 h] ?roat1 :i* %e consid]$ z a p>ticul> judgm5t = hav+ be5 9 h] y\? addict$ to we>+ f9e necklaces4#fhh #fhg ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #hfh2 ,brady's ,clavis ,cal5d>ia4 #fhh ,ni*4 ,h>psfield1 ,hi/4 ,eccl4 ,anglicana1 p4 #hf4 ,/4 ,crisp9's ,day 7,octob] #be7 has = c5turies be5 a r$-lett] day 9 ! cal5d> ( ! %oemak]s1 be+ ! fe/ival ( _! patron sa9t4 ,accord+ to tradition1 ! bro!rs ,crisp9 & ,crisp9ian1 natives ( ,rome1 hav+ become conv]t$ to ,*ri/ianity1 travell$ to ,soissons1 9 ,france1 9 ord] to prea* ! gospel4 ,be+ desir\s1 h[ev]1 ( r5d]+ !mselves indep5d5t1 !y e>n$ _! daily bread by mak+ %oes1 ) :i*1 x is said1 !y furni%$ ! poor1 at an extremely l[ price4 ,:5 ! gov]nor ( ! t[n discov]$ t !y ma9ta9$ ! ,*ri/ian fai?1 & also tri$ to make proselytes ( ! inhabitants1 he ord]$ !m to be behead$4 ,f ?is "t ! %oemak]s h *os5 !m = _! tutel>y sa9ts4 ,%akespe>e has p]petuat$ ! memory ( ?is fe/ival by ! spee* :i* he has giv5 to ,h5ry ,v4 7iv4 #c71 be=e ! battle ( ,ag9c\rt3 ,?is day is call'd ! fea/ ( ,crispian3 ,he t outlives ?is day1 & comes safe home1 ,w /& a tip-toe :5 ?is day is nam'd1 ,& r\se him at ! "n ( ,crispian4 ,he t %all live ?is day1 & see old age1 ,w ye>ly on ! vigil fea/ 8 neighb\rs1 ,& say1 ',to-morr[ is ,sa9t ,crispian4' ,/4 ,d5nis has be5 adopt$ z ! patron sa9t ( ,france 7,octob] #i71 9 ! same mann] z ! ,engli% h *os5 ,/4 ,george4 ,! gu>dian%ip ( ! two c\ntries is ?us express$ 9 ! *orus to ! old ballad3 ,/4 ,george he 0 = ,engl&1 ,/4 ,d5is 0 = ,france1 ,s++1 ,honi soit qui mal y p5se4 ,k+ ,h5ry 7,h5ry ,v41 v4 #b7 says to ,pr9cess ,ka!r9e3 ,%all n ?\ & ,i1 betwe5 ,sa9t ,d5nis & ,sa9t ,george1 comp\nd a boy1 half ,fr5*1 half ,engli%1 etc4 ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #b71 ,*>les says3 ,sa9t ,d5nis bless ?is happy /ratagem1 ,& once aga9 we'll sleep secure 9 ,r\54 ,hall[mas 7,novemb] #a7 is "o ( ! names = ! fea/ ( ,all-hall[s1 t is1 ,all-,sa9ts4 ,%akespe>e alludes to a cu/om relative to ?is day1 "s traces ( :i* are /ill to be f\nd 9 ,/af=d%ire1 ,*e%ire1 & o!r c\nties4 ,! poor p g f p>i% to p>i% a-s\l+1 z !y t]m x1 t is1 begg+1 9 a c]ta9 lam5table tone1 = s\l-cakes1 at ! same "t s++ a song :i* !y call ! s\l]'s song4 ,?is practice is1 no d\bt1 a remnant ( ! ,popi% c]emony ( pray+ = dep>t$ s\ls1 especially ^? ( fri5ds1 on ! ensu+ day1 ,novemb] #b1 ! fea/ ( ,all-,s\ls4#fhi ,! foll[+ is a specim5 ( ! dogg]el sung on ^! occasions3 ,s\l6 s\l6 = a s\l-cake2 ,pray1 good mi/ress1 = a s\l-cake4 ,"o = ,pet]1 & two = ,paul1 ,?ree = !m :o made u all4 ,s\l6 s\l6 = an apple or two3 ,if y've got no apples1 pe>s w d4 ,up ) y\r kettle1 & d[n ) y\r pan1 ,give me a good big "o1 & ,i'll be gone4 ,s\l6 s\l6 = a s\l-cake1 etc4 ,an apple1 a pe>1 a plum1 or a *]ry1 ,is a v good ?+ to make u m]ry4 #fhi ,see ,briti% ,popul> ,cu/oms1 p4 #djd4 ,9 ! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7ii4 #a71 ,spe$ ?us speaks ( ?is practice3 ,to wat*1 l "o t fe>s robb+2 to speak pul+1#fij l a begg> at ,hall[mas4 #fij ,pul+1 or s++ small1 z ,bailey expla9s ! ^w4 ,! season ( ,hall[mas1 hav+ be5 frequ5tly mild1 has be51 f "t immemorial1 prov]bially call$ ,all-hall[n summ]1 i4 e41 late summ]4 ,?us1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #b71 ,pr9ce ,h5ry1 lik5+ ,fal/aff1 ) 8 old age & "y passions1 to ?is ,novemb] summ]1 addresses him3 ,f>ewell1 ?\ latt] spr+6 ,f>ewell1 ,all-hall[n summ]4#fia ,9 "s p>ts ( ,g]many !re is a prov]b1 ,all-,sa9ts' ,day br+s ! second summ]2 & 9 ,sw$5 !re is (t5 ab\t ?is "t a cont9uance ( w>m1 /ill wea!r1 :i* is call$ ! ,all-,sa9ts' re/4 #fia ,see ,swa9son's ,wea!r-,lore1 #ahgc1 pp4 #ada-adc4 ,!re is ano!r ref]5ce to ?is fe/ival 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7v4 #a71 :]e ! k+ says ( 8 wife3 ,%e came adorn$ hi!r l sweet ,may1 ,s5t back l ,hall[mas or %ort'/ ( day4 ,all-,s\ls' ,day 7,novemb] #b7--:i* is set ap>t by ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur* = a solemn s]vice = ! repose ( ! dead--0 =m]ly obs]v$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 & among ! _m cu/oms celebrat$ 9 its honor 7 r++ ! pass+ bell1 mak+ s\l-cakes1 bless+ beans1 etc4#fib ,9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7v4 #a71 ,buck+ham1 :5 l$ to execution1 says3 ,?is is ,all-,s\ls' day1 fell[s1 is x n8 ,%]iff4 ,x is1 my "l4 ,buck+ham4 ,:y1 !n1 ,all-,s\ls' day is my body's doomsday4 #fib ,see ,briti% ,popul> ,cu/oms1 p4 #dji4 ,"l ,mayor's ,day 7,novemb] #i74 ,a cu/om :i* 0 9 days gone by obs]v$ at ! inauguration d9n] 0 t ( ! ,"l ,mayor's fool leap+1 clo!s & all1 into a l>ge b[l ( cu/>d4 ,x is allud$ to 9 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well 7ii4 #e71 by ,lafeu3 ,y h made %ift to run into't1 boots & spurs & all1 l him t leap$ into ! cu/>d4 ,b5 ,jonson1 9 8 ,devil's an ,ass 7i4 #a71 ?us ref]s to x3 ,he may1 p]*ance1 9 tail ( a %]iff's d9n]1 ,skip ) a rime o' ! table1 f new no?+1 ,& take 8 alma9 leap into a cu/>d1 ,%all make my lady mayoress & h] si/]s1 ,laugh all _! hoods ov] _! %\ld]s4 ,/4 ,m>t9's ,day 7,novemb] #aa74 ,! mild wea!r ab\t ?is "t has giv5 rise to num]\s prov]bs2 "o ( ! well-kn[n ones be+ ,/4 ,m>t9's little summ]1 an allusion to :i* we f9d 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #b71 :]e ,joan ( ,arc says3 ,expect ,sa9t ,m>t9's summ]1 halcyon days4 :i* ,johnson p>aphrases ?us3 ,expect prosp]ity aft] mis=tune1 l fair wea!r at ,m>tlemas1 aft] w9t] has begun4 ,z an illu/ration1 too1 ( ?is passage1 we may quote f ! ,times1 ,octob] #f1 #ahfd3 ,x 0 "o ( ^? r>e b lovely exceptions to a cold season1 call$ 9 ! ,m$it]ranean ,/4 ,m>t9's summ]4 ,a corruption ( ,m>t9mas is ,m>tlemas4 ,fal/aff is jocul>ly s call$ by ,po9s1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #b71 z be+ 9 ! decl9e1 z ! ye> is at ?is season3 ,& h[ do? ! m>tlemas1 y\r ma/]8 ,?is 0 ! cu/om>y "t = hang+ up provisions to dry1 :i* _h be5 salt$ = w9t] use4 ,/4 ,ni*olas 7,decemb] #f74 ,?is sa9t 0 deem$ ! patron ( *ildr5 9 g5]al1 b m p>ticul>ly ( all s*oolboys1 among :om 8 fe/ival us$ to be a v great holiday4 ,v>i\s reasons h be5 assign$ = 8 hav+ be5 *os5 z ! patron ( *ildr5--ei!r because ! leg5d makes him to h be5 a bi%op :ile yet a boy1 or f 8 hav+ re/or$ ?ree "y s*ol>s to life :o _h be5 cruelly murd]$1#fic or1 aga91 on acc\nt ( 8 e>ly ab/95ce :5 a boy4 ,9 ! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7iii4 #a7 he is allud$ to 9 ?is capacity3 ,spe$4 ,come1 fool1 come2 try me 9 ?y pap]4 ,launce4 ,!re2 & ,sa9t ,ni*olas be ?y spe$4 #fic ,see ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #be2 ,! ,*ur* ( ,our ,fa!rs1 by ,d4 ,rock1 #ahec1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bae2 ,g5t4 ,mag41 #aggg1 vol4 xliii4 p4 #aeh2 see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #fja1 #fjb2 ,brady's ,clavis ,cal5d>ia4 ,ni*olas's cl]ks 01 & /ill is1 a cant t]m = highwaym5 & robb]s2 b ?\gh ! expression is v common1 its orig9 is a matt] ( unc]ta9ty4 ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #a7 x is ?us allud$ to3 ,gad%ill4 ,sirrah1 if !y meet n ) ,sa9t ,ni*olas' cl]ks1 ,i'll give !e ?is neck4 ,*amb]la94 ,no4 ,i'll none ( x3 ,i pr'!e1 keep t = ! hangman3 = ,i "k ?\ wor%ippe/ ,sa9t ,ni*olas z truly z a man ( falsehood may4 ,*ri/mas4 ,among ! obs]vances associat$ ) ?is season1 to :i* ,%akespe>e alludes1 we may m5tion ! ,*ri/mas ,c>ol1 a ref]5ce to :i* is probably made 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #a71 by ,titania3 ,no night is n[ ) hymn or c>ol ble/4 ,hamlet 7ii4 #b7 quotes two l9es f a popul> ballad1 entitl$ ! ,song ( ,jeph?ah's ,daught]1 & adds3 ,! fir/ r[ ( ! pi\s *anson w %[ y m4#fid #fid ,drake's ,%akespe>e & 8 ,times1 vol4 i4 p4 #aih4 ,9 days gone by1 ! cu/om ( c>ol-s++ 0 mo/ popul>1 & ,w>ton1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,engli% ,poetry1 notices a lic5se grant$ 9 #aefb to ,john ,tysdale = pr9t+ ,c]tayne goodly c>[les to be songe to ! glory ( ,god2 & aga9 ,cre/5mas ,c>[les auctoris%$ by my "l ( ,london4#fie #fie ,see ,s&y's ,*ri/ma/ide1 its ,hi/ory1 ,fe/ivities1 & ,c>ols2 also ,a!num1 ,dec4 #bj1 #ahef4 ,9 ! ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7,ind41 sc4 #b7 ,sly asks :e!r a comonty#fif is n a ,*ri/mas gambold4 ,=m]ly ! sports & m]ry-mak+s at ?is season 7 on a mo/ ext5sive scale1 be+ presid$ ov] by ! ,"l ( ,misrule4#fig ,aga91 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b71 ,biron speaks ( a ,*ri/mas com$y4 #fif ,8 blund] = com$y4 #fig ,see ,briti% ,popul> ,cu/oms1 #ahgf1 pp4 #dei1 #dfc2 ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #idc2 ,antiqu>ian ,rep]tory1 vol4 i4 p4 #bah4 ,z we h notic$1 too1 9 our *apt] on ,plants1 a gilt nutmeg 0 =m]ly a common gift at ,*ri/mas1 & on o!r fe/ive occasions1 to :i* an allusion is probably made 9 ! same sc5e4 ,=m]ly1 at ?is season1 ! head ( ! h\se assembl$ 8 family ar\nd a b[l ( spic$ ale1 f :i* he drank _! heal?s1 !n pass$ x to ! re/1 t !y might dr9k too4 ,! ^w t pass$ among !m 0 ! anci5t ,saxon phrase wass hael#fih1 i4 e41 to y\r heal?4 ,h5ce ?is came to be recogniz$ z ! wassail or wassel b[l2 & 0 ! accompanim5t to fe/ivity ( e k9d ?r\gh\t ! ye>4 ,?us ,hamlet 7i4 #d7 says3 ,! k+ do? wake to-night1 & takes 8 r\se1 ,keeps wassail4 #fih ,?is 0 a deep draught to ! heal? ( any "o1 9 :i* x 0 cu/om>y to empty ! glass or vessel4 ,& 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b71 ,biron speaks (3 wakes & wassails1 meet+s1 m>kets1 fairs4 ,9 ,macbe? 7i4 #g71 x is us$ by ,lady ,macbe? 9 ! s5se ( intemp]ance1 :o1 speak+ ( ,duncan's two *amb]la9s1 says3 ,w ,i ) w9e & wassail s conv9ce1 ,t memory1 ! w>d] ( ! bra91 ,%all be a fume1 & ! receipt ( reason ,a limbeck only4 ,9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7i4 #d71 ,cs> advises ,antony to live m temp]ately1 & to leave 8 lascivi\s wassails4#fii #fii ,see ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 pp4 #dda-ddi4 ,9 ! same way1 a wassail c&le d5ot$ a l>ge c&le light$ up at a fe/ival1 a ref]5ce to :i* occurs 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #b73 ,*ief-,ju/ice4 ,y are z a c&le1 ! bett] "p burnt out4 ,fal/aff4 ,a wassail c&le1 my "l2 all tall[4 ,a cu/om :i* =m]ly prevail$ at ,*ri/mas1 & has n yet di$ out1 0 = mumm]s to g f h\se to h\se1 attir$ 9 grotesque attire1 p]=m+ all k9ds ( odd antics4#gjj ,_! p]=mances1 h[ev]1 7 n conf9$ to ?is season4 ,?us1 9 ,coriolanus 7ii4 #a7 ,m55ius speaks ( mak+ faces l mumm]s4 #gjj ,see ,briti% ,popul> ,cu/oms1 pp4 #dfa1 #dfi1 #dgh1 #dhj4 ,cakes & ,ale4 ,x 0 =m]ly cu/om>y on holidays & sa9ts' days to make cakes 9 honor ( ! day4 ,9 ,twelf? ,night 7ii4 #c71 ,sir ,toby says3 ,do/ ?\ ?9k1 because ?\ art virtu\s1 !re %all be no m cakes & ale8 ,to :i* ! ,cl[n replies3 ,yes1 by ,sa9t ,anne2 & g+] %all be hot i' ! m\? too4 ,wakes4 ,9 days gone by1 ! *ur* wake 0 an important in/itution1 & 0 made ! occasion = a ?or\gh holiday4 ,ea* *ur*1 :5 consecrat$1 0 d$icat$ to a sa9t1 & on ! anniv]s>y ( t day 0 kept ! wake4 ,9 _m places !re 0 a second wake on ! bir?day ( ! sa9t4 ,at su* seasons1 ! floor ( ! *ur* 0 /rew$ ) ru%es & fl[]s1 & 9 ! *ur*y>d t5ts 7 erect$1 to supply cakes & ale = ! use ( ! m]rymak]s on ! foll[+ day1 :i* 0 kept z a holiday4 ,!y are /ill kept up 9 _m p>i%es1 b 9 a v diff]5t mann]4#gja ,9 ,k+ ,le> 7iii4 #f71 ,edg> says3 ,come1 m>* to wakes & fairs1 & m>ket t[ns4 ,we may also comp>e ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b7 & ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #b74 ,9 ,hamlet 7i4 #d7 x is us$ 9 ! s5se ( revel4 #gja ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 pp4 #a-ae4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,bir? ,,& ,,baptism4 ,z e p]iod ( human life has its peculi> rites & c]emonies1 its cu/oms & sup]/itions1 s has t ev] all-ev5tful h\r :i* h]alds ! bir? ( a fre% actor ^u ! _w's great /age4 ,f ! cradle to ! grave1 ?r\gh all ! successive epo*s ( man's exi/5ce1 we f9d a s]ies ( traditional beliefs & popul> notions1 :i* h be5 h&$ d[n to u f ! f>-di/ant pa/4 ,al?\gh1 inde$1 ^! h lo/ mu* ( _! mean+ 9 ! lapse ( ye>s1 yet 9 _m cases !y are survivals ( primitive culture1 & embody ! conceptions ( ! ance/ors ( ! human race4 ,_m ( ^! h be5 record$ by ,%akespe>e1 :o1 act+ ^u ! great pr9ciple ( pres5t+ 8 audi5ce ) matt]s famili> to !m1 has giv5 num]\s illu/rations ( ! mann]s & sup]/itions ( 8 own c\ntry1 z !y exi/$ 9 8 day4 ,?us1 9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7iii4 #a71 :5 he repres5ts ! ,duke ( ,glo/] say+1 ,s wise s "y1 !y say1 d nev] live long1 he alludes to ! old sup]/ition1 /ill deeply root$ 9 ! m9ds ( ! l[] ord]s1 t a clev] *ild nev] lives long4 ,9 ,bright's ,treatise ( ,melan*oly 7#aehf1 p4 #eb71 we read3 ,i h kn[ne *ildr5 langui%+ ( ! spl5e1 ob/ruct$ & alt]$ 9 temp]1 talke ) gravity & wisdom surpass+ ^? t5d] ye>s1 & _! judgm5ts c>ry+ a m>vell\s imitation ( ! wisdome ( ! anci5t1 hav+ aft] a sort atta9$ t by disease1 :i* o!rs h by c\rse ( ye>es2 :]e( ,i take x ! prov]b arise?1 t '!y be ( %orte life :o are ( wit s pregnant4' ,!re are sundry sup]/iti\s notions relat+ to ! tee?+ ( *ildr5 preval5t 9 our own & o!r c\ntries4 ,9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7v4 #f71 ! ,duke ( ,glo/]1 allud+ to ! peculi>ities connect$ ) 81 bir?1 relates h[ ,! midwife wond]'d2 & ! wom5 cri$ ',o1 ,jesus bless u1 he is born ) tee?6' ,& s ,i 02 :i* pla9ly signifi$ ,t ,i %\ld sn>l1 & bite1 & play ! dog4 ,x is /ill believ$1 = in/ance1 9 _m places1 t if a *ild's fir/ too? appe>s 9 ! upp] jaw x is an om5 ( its dy+ 9 infancy2 & :5 ! tee? come e>ly x is reg>d$ z an indication t !re w soon be ano!r baby4 ,9 ,sussex !re is a dislike to ?r[+ away ! ca/ tee? ( *ildr51 f a notion t1 %\ld !y be f\nd & gnaw$ by any animal1 ! *ild's new too? w\ld be exactly l ! animal's t _h bitt5 ! old "o4 ,9 ,durham1 :5 ! fir/ tee? come out ! cavities mu/ be fill$ ) salt1 & ea* too? burn$1 :ile ! foll[+ words are repeat$3 ,fire1 fire1 burn bone1 ,god s5d me my too? aga94 ,9 ! above passage1 !n1 ,%akespe>e simply makes ! ,duke ( ,glo/] ref] to t ext5sive folk-lore associat$ ) human bir?1 %[+ h[ c>eful an obs]v] he 0 9 notic+ ! :ims & oddities ( 8 c\ntrym54 ,aga91 "o ( ! =emo/ dang]s suppos$ to hov] r\nd ! new-born infant 0 ! prop5sity ( wit*es & fairies to /eal ! mo/ beautiful & well-favor$ *ildr51 & to leave 9 _! places su* z 7 ugly & /upid4 ,^! 7 usually call$ *angel+s4 ,%akespe>e alludes to ?is notion 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #a71 :]e ,puck says3 ,because t %e1 z h] att5dant1 ha? ,a lovely boy1 /ol'n f an ,indian k+2 ,%e nev] _h s sweet a *angel+4 ,& fur!r on1 9 ! same sc5e1 ,ob]on says3 ,i d b beg a little *angel+ boy1 ,to be my h5*man4 ,z a fairy is1 9 ea* case1 ! speak]1 ! *angel+ 9 ?is case d5otes ! *ild tak5 by !m4 ,s1 too1 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iii4 #c71 9 ! passage :]e ! ,%eph]d relates3 x 0 told me1 ,i %\ld be ri* by ! fairies2 ?is is "s *angel+3--op5't4 ,z ! *ild "h f\nd 0 a beautiful "o1 ! *angel+ mu/ naturally mean ! *ild /ol5 by ! fairies1 especially z ! gold left ) x is conjectur$ to be fairy gold4 ,! usual signification1 h[ev]1 ( ! t]m *angel+ is ?us m>k$ by ,sp5s] 7,fairy ,que51 ,i4 x4 #fe74 ,f !nce a fa]y !e unweet+ reft1 ,!re z ?\ slep/ 9 t5d] swadl+ b&1 ,& h] base elf9 brood !re = !e left3 ,su* m5 d *aungel+s call1 s *aung$ by fa]ies !ft4 ,occasionally fairies play$ pranks ) new-born *ildr5 by ex*ang+ !m4 ,to ?is notion ,k+ ,h5ry ref]s 7#a ,h5ry ,,iv4 i4 #a7 :51 speak+ ( ,hotspur comp>$ ) 8 own pr(ligate son1 he exclaims3 ,o t x c\ld be prov'd ,t "s night-tripp+ fairy _h ex*ang'd ,9 cradle-clo!s our *ildr5 :]e !y lay1 ,& call'd m9e ,p]cy1 8 ,plantag5et6 ,to induce ! fairies to re/ore ! /ol5 *ild1 x 0 cu/om>y 9 ,irel& ei!r to put ! "o suppos$ ( be+ a *angel+ on a hot %ovel1 or to torm5t x 9 "s o!r way4 ,x seems t1 9 ,d5m>k1 ! "m heats ! ov51 & places ! *angel+ on ! peel1 pret5d+ to put x 91 or :ips x sev]ely ) a rod1 or ?r[s x into ! wat]4 ,9 ! ,we/]n ,isles ( ,scotl& idiots are suppos$ to be ! fairies' *angel+s1 &1 9 ord] to rega9 ! lo/ *ild1 p>5ts h rec\rse to ! foll[+ device4 ,!y place ! *angel+ on ! bea*1 bel[ high-wat] m>k1 :5 ! tide is out1 & pay no he$ to its screams1 believ+ t ! fairies1 r ?an suff] _! (fspr+ to be dr[n$ by ! ris+ wat]1 w convey x away1 & re/ore ! *ild !y _h /ol54 ,! sign t ?is has be5 done is ! cessation ( ! *ild's scream+4 ,! mo/ effectual pres]vative1 h[ev]1 aga9/ fairy influ5ce1 is suppos$ to be baptism2 & h5ce1 among ! sup]/iti\s1 ?is rite is p]=m$ z soon z possible4 ,a =m ( sup]/ition v common 9 days gone by 0 ! suppos$ influ5ce ( ! ,evil eye1 be+ designat$ by ! t]ms o'erlook$1 =elook$1 or eye-bitt51 c]ta9 p]sons be+ ?\ght to possess ! p[] ( inflict+ injury by m]ely look+ on ^? :om !y wi%$ to h>m4 ,ev5 ! new-born *ild 0 n exempt f ?is dang]1 & v>i\s *>ms 7 practis$ to av]t x4 ,9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7v4 #e71 ,pi/ol says ( ,fal/aff3 ,vile worm1 ?\ wa/ o'erlook'd1 ev5 9 ?y bir?4 ,?is piece ( folk-lore may be trac$ back to ! "t ( ! ,romans1 &1 9 ! late ,pr(essor ,con+ton's translation ( ! ,satires ( ,p]sius1 x is ?us spok5 (3 ,look "h6 a gr&mo!r or a sup]/iti\s aunt has tak5 baby f 8 cradle1 & is *>m+ 8 =ehead aga9/ mis*ief by ! jo9t action ( h] middle-f+] & h] purify+ spittle2 = %e kn[s "r well h[ to *eck ! evil eye4#gjb ,is is aga9 allud$ to 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7iii4 #b71 :]e ,portia1 express+ to ,bassanio h] feel+s ( reg>d1 decl>es3 ,be%rew y\r eyes1 ,!y h o'erlook'd me1 & divid$ me2 ,"o half ( me is y\rs1 ! o!r half y\rs2 & 9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7ii4 #a71 ,a>on speaks ( ,tamora z3 fa/] b\nd to ,a>on's *>m+ eyes ,?an is ,prome!us ti$ to ,caucasus4 #gjb ,see ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #chc2 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 pp4 #dd-df1 #cbf4 ,?is sup]/ition1 h[ev]1 is n yet obsolete1 b l+]s on 9 _m c\ntry places4 ,we may also comp>e a simil> phrase made use ( by ,cleopatra 7,antony & ,cleopatra1 iii4 #g71 9 answ] to ,enob>bus3 ,?\ ha/ =spoke my be+ 9 ^! w>s1 ! ^w =espeak hav+ anci5tly _h ! mean+ ( *>m or bewit*1 l =bid 9 ,macbe? 7i4 #c73 ,he %all live a man =bid4#gjc #gjc ,see ,napi]'s ,folk-,lore ( ,we/ ( ,scotl&1 #ahgi1 pp4 #cd-dj2 ,keightley's ,fairy ,my?ology2 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 pp4 #gc1 #gd4 ,among ! num]\s cu/oms associat$ ) ! bir? ( a *ild may be m5tion$ ! practice ( giv+ pres5ts at ! ann\ncem5t ( ?is important ev5t4 ,9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7v4 #a71 on ! old lady's mak+ kn[n to ! k+ ! happy tid+s ( ! bir? ( a pr9cess1 he says to ,lovell3 ,give h] an hundr$ m>ks4 ,i'll to ! que54 ,! old lady1 h[ev]1 res5ts :at %e consid]s a paltry sum3 ,an hundr$ m>ks6 ,by ?is light1 ,i'll ha' m4 ,an ord9>y groom is = su* paym5t4 ,i w h m1 or scold x out ( him4 ,x 0 an anci5t cu/om--"o :i* is n q out ( use--= ! sponsors at *ri/5+s to (f] silv] or gilt spoons z a pres5t to ! *ild4 ,^! 7 call$ apo/le spoons1 because ! extremity ( ! h&le 0 =m$ into ! figure ( "o or o!r ( ! apo/les4 ,su* z 7 opul5t & g5]\s gave ! :ole twelve2 ^? :o 7 mod]ately ri* or lib]al escap$ at ! exp5se ( ! f\r evangeli/s1 or ev5 sometimes cont5t$ !mselves ) pres5t+ "o spoon only1 :i* exhibit$ ! figure ( any sa9t1 9 honor ( :om ! *ild receiv$ its "n4 ,9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7v4 #b7 x is 9 allusion to ?is cu/om t1 :5 ,cranm] pr(esses to be unwor?y ( be+ a sponsor to ! "y pr9cess1 ,%akespe>e makes ! k+ reply3 ,come1 come1 my "l1 y'd sp>e y\r spoons4 ,a /ory is relat$ ( ,%akespe>e promis+ spoons to "o ( ,b5 ,jonson's *ildr51 9 a collection ( anecdotes entitl$ ,m]ry ,passages & ,je/s1 compil$ by ,sir ,ni*olas ,l',e/range 7,,mss4 ,h>l4 #fcie73 ,%akespe>e 0 godfa!r to "o ( ,b5 ,jonson's *ildr51 & aft] ! *ri/'n+1 be+ 9 a deepe /udy1 ,jonson came to *e]e him up1 & ask't him :y he 0 s melan*oly4 ',no fai?1 ,b5 7sayes he71 n ,i2 b ,i h be5 consid]+ a great :ile :at %\ld be ! fitte/ gift = me to be/[ ^u my god*ild1 & ,i h resolv'd at la/4' ',i pr'y !e1 :at8' sayes he4 ',i' fai?1 ,b51 ,i'le e'en give him a d\z5 good ,lat9 spoones1 & ?\ %alt translate !m4' ,%akespe>e1 says ,mr4 ,?oms1#gjd will+ to %[ 8 wit1 if n 8 weal?1 gave a doz5 spoons1 n ( silv]1 b ( latt51 a "n =m]ly us$ to signify a mix$ metal resembl+ brass1 z be+ ! mo/ appropriate gift to ! *ild ( a fa!r s le>n$4 ,9 ,middleton's ,*a/e ,maid ( ,*eapside1 #afbj3 #b ,gossip4 ,:at has he giv5 h]8 ,:at is x1 gossip8 #c ,gossip4 ,a fair1 high-/&+ cup1 & two great 'po/le spoons1 "o ( !m gilt4 #gjd ,anecdotes & ,traditions1 #ahci1 p4 #c4 ,& ,beaumont & ,flet*]1 9 ! ,noble ,g5tleman 7v4 #a73 ,i'll be a gossip1 ,beau=t1 ,i h an odd apo/le spoon4 ,! gossip's fea/1 held 9 honor ( ^? :o 7 associat$ 9 ! fe/ivities ( a *ri/5+1 0 a v anci5t ,engli% cu/om1 & is frequ5tly m5tion$ by dramati/s ( ! ,elizabe?an age4 ,! t]m gossip or godsip1 a ,saxon ^w signify+ cognata ex p>te dei1 or godmo!r1 is well def9$ by ,ri*>d ,v]/egan1 9 8 ,re/itution ( ,decay$ ,intellig5ce4 ,he says3 ,our ,*ri/ian ance/ors1 und]/&+ a spiritual aff9ity to gr[ betwe5 ! p>5ts & su* z und]tooke = ! *ild at baptism1 call$ ea* o!r by ! "n ( godsib1 :i* is z mu* z to say t !y 7 sib toge!r1 t is1 ( k9 toge!r ?r\gh ,god4 ,& ! *ilde1 9 l mann]1 call$ su* 8 godfa!rs or godmo!rs4 ,z might be expect$1 x is (t5 allud$ to by ,%akespe>e4 ,?us1 9 ! ,com$y ( ,errors 7v4 #a71 we read3 ,abbess4 ,?irty-?ree ye>s h ,i b gone 9 travail ,( y1 my sons3 & till ?is pres5t h\r ,my heavy bur!n ne'er deliv]$4 ,! duke1 my husb&1 & my *ildr5 bo?1 ,& y ! cal5d>s ( _! nativity1 ,g to a gossip's fea/1 & g ) me2 ,aft] s long grief1 su* fe/ivity6 ,duke4 ,) all my he>t ,i'll gossip at ?is fea/4 ,& aga91 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #a71 ! mis*iev\s ,puck says3 sometime lurk ,i 9 a gossip's b[l1 ,9 v lik5ess ( a roa/$ crab2 ,&1 :5 %e dr9ks1 aga9/ h] lips ,i bob1 ,& on h] )]'d dewlap p\r ! ale4 ,&1 once m1 we f9d ,capulet1 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iii4 #e71 say+ to ! ,nurse3 ,peace1 y mumbl+ fool6 ,utt] y\r gravity o'er a gossip's b[l2 ,= "h we ne$ x n4 ,ref]r+ to ent]ta9m5ts at *ri/5+s1 we f9d ! foll[+ 9 ! ,bat*elor's ,banquet1 #afjc 7attribut$ to ,dekk]73 ,:at co/ & tr\ble x w be to h all ?+s f9e aga9/ ! ,*ri/5+ ,day2 :at /ore ( sug>1 biskets1 comphets1 & c>aways1 m>malet1 & m>*pane1 ) all k9ds ( sweet-suck]s & sup]flu\s banquet+ /uff1 ) a hundr$ o!r odd & ne$less trifles1 :i* at t "t mu/ fill ! pockets ( da9ty dames1 by :i* x appe>s ! ladies n only ate :at !y pleas$1 b pocket$ likewise4 ,^u ?is & ! fall+-(f ( ! cu/om ( giv+ apo/le spoons at ! *ri/5+1 we read 9 ,%ipman's ,gossip1 #afff3 ,especially s9ce gossips n[ ,eat m at *ri/5+s ?an be/[4 ,=m]ly :5 !y u'd to tr\l ,gilt b[ls ( sack1 !y gave ! b[l2 ,two spoons at lea/2 an use ill kept2 ',tis well n[ if our own be left4 ,/rype tells u t1 9 #aeei1 ! son ( ,sir ,?omas ,*amb]layne 0 baptiz$ at ,/4 ,b5et's ,*ur*1 ,paul's ,:>f1 :5 ! ,*ur* 0 hung ) clo? ( arras1 & aft] ! *ri/5+ 7 br\ght waf]s1 comfits1 & div]s banquet+ di%es1 & hypocras & ,muscad9e w9e1 to ent]ta9 ! gue/s4 ,9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7v4 #d71 ! ,port] says3 ,d y look = ale & cakes "h1 y rude rascals8 ,a t]m =m]ly 9 use = ! "n giv5 at baptism 0 ,*ri/5dom1 an allusion to :i* we f9d 9 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well 7i4 #a71 :]e ,hel5a says3 ) a _w ,( pretty1 fond1 adopti\s *ri/5doms ,t bl9k+ ,cupid gossips1 ! mean+ evid5tly be+1 a numb] ( pretty1 fond1 adopt$ appellations or ,*ri/ian names to :i* bl9d ,cupid /&s godfa!r4 ,! expression is (t5 us$ = baptism by old writ]s2 & ,s+]#gje quotes f ,k+ ,john 7iv4 #a73 ,by my *ri/5dom1 ,s ,i 7 out ( prison1 & kept %eep1 ,i %\ld be z m]ry z ! day is long4 #gje ,%akespe>e1 #ahge1 vol4 iv4 p4 #cad4 ,/eev5s obs]ves t1 9 ! ,puritanical times1 x 0 usual to *ri/5 *ildr5 ) ! names ( moral & religi\s virtues--a practice to :i* allusion seems to be made 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7ii4 #a7 by ,antonio3 ,temp]ance 0 a delicate w5*4 ,s ,taylor1 ! ,wat]-,poet1 9 8 description ( a /rumpet1 says3 ,?\gh bad !y be1 !y w n bate an ace1 ,to be call'd ,prud5ce1 ,temp]ance1 ,fai?1 or ,grace4 ,9 days gone by a *risom or *ri/om *ild 0 "o :o _h rec5tly be5 baptiz$1 & di$ )9 ! mon? ( bir?1 ! t]m hav+ orig9at$ 9 ! face-clo?1 or piece ( l951 put ^u ! head ( a *ild newly baptiz$4 ,! ^w 0 =m$ f ! *rism1 t is1 ! ano9t+1 :i* =m$ a "p ( baptism be=e ! ,re=mation4 ,?us1 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7ii4 #c71 ! ho/ess1 ,mrs4 ,quickly1 means *risom *ild 9 ! foll[+ passage1 :]e %e speaks ( ,fal/aff's dea?3 ',a made a f9] end1 & w5t away an x _h be5 any *ri/om *ild4 ,9 a beautiful passage ( ,bi%op ,taylor's ,holy ,dy+ 7*ap4 i4 sec4 #b71 ?is cu/om is ?us spok5 (3 ,e morn+ creeps out ( a d>k cl\d1 leav+ beh9d x an ignorance & sil5ce deep z midnight1 & undisc]n$ z are ! phantoms t made a *risom *ild to smile4 ,ref]r+ to ! use ( ! *risom-clo? 9 connection ) baptism1 x appe>s t1 aft] ! usual imm]sion 9 wat]1 ! prie/ made a cross on ! *ild's head ) oil1 aft] :i* ! *risom 0 put on1 ! prie/ ask+ at ! same "t ! infant's "n1 & say+1 ,receive ?is :ite1 pure1 & holy ve/m5t1 :i* ?\ %alt we> be=e ! tribunal ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 t ?\ maye/ inh]it et]nal life4 ,am54 ,x 0 to be worn sev5 days2 b aft] ! ,re=mation1 h[ev]1 ! use ( oil 0 omitt$1 & ! *risom 0 worn by ! *ild till ! "m's *ur*+1 :5 x 0 return$ to ! *ur*4 ,if ! *ild di$ be=e ! *ur*+1 x 0 buri$ 9 ! *risom1 & h5ce x may be t ! *ild itself 0 call$ a *risom or *risom]4#gjf ,?us1 x w be se5 t ,dame ,quickly simply comp>es ! mann] ( ,fal/aff's dea? to t ( a "y infant4 ,9 regi/]s & bills ( mortality we f9d infants allud$ to "u ! t]m ,*risoms4 ,burn1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,p>i% ,regi/]s 7#ahfb1 p4 #abg71 gives ! subjo9$ entry f a regi/] ( ,we/m9/] ,abbey3 ,! ,pr9cess ,ann's *ild a *rissome bu4 9 ye vault1 ,oct4 #bb1 #afhg4 #gjf ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahei1 pp4 #bii1 #cjj2 ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #afj2 see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #hd1 #he4 ,9 ,graunt's ,bills ( ,mortality1 cit$ 9 ,johnson's ,diction>y1 we read3 ,:5 ! convulsions 7 b 7 b few1 ! numb] ( *risoms & infants 0 great]4 ,! be>+-clo? 0 ! mantle :i* g5]ally cov]$ ! *ild :5 x 0 c>ri$ to ! font4 ,x is notic$ 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iii4 #c71 by ! ,%eph]d1 :o1 on ! discov]y ( ,p]dita1 says to ! ,cl[n3 ,"h's a sight = !e3 look !e1 a be>+-clo? = a squire's *ild6 ,look !e "h2 take up1 take up1 boy3 op5't4 ,9 ,/['s ,*ronicle 7#afca1 p4 #ajci71 we are told t ab\t ?is "t x 0 n cu/om>y = godfa!rs & godmo!rs g5]ally to give plate at ! baptisme ( *ildr51 b only to give '*ri/5+ %irts1' ) little b&s & cuffs1 wr\ght ei!r ) silk or blue ?read4 ,! be/ ( !m1 = *ief p]sons1 7 edg$ ) a small lace ( black silk & gold1 ! highe/ price ( :i*1 = great m5's *ildr51 0 seldom above a noble1 & ! common sort1 two1 ?ree1 or f\r1 & six %ill+s a piece4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,m>riage4 ,! /yle ( c\rt%ip :i* prevail$ 9 ,%akespe>e's "t1 & ! num]\s cu/oms associat$ ) ! m>riage c]emony1 may be accurately drawn f ! _m allusions int]sp]s$ ?r\gh 8 plays4 ,f ^!1 x w\ld seem t ! mode ( love-mak+ 0 mu* ! same among all classes1 (t5 lack+ t poli% & ref9$ expression :i* are di/+ui%+ *>act]i/ics n[adays4 ,z ,mr4 ,drake rem>ks1#gjg ! amatory dialogues ( ,hamlet1 ,hotspur1 & ,h5ry ,v4 are n m ref9$ ?an ^? :i* occur betwe5 ,ma/] ,f5ton & ,anne ,page1 9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor1 betwe5 ,lor5zo & ,jessica1 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice1 & betwe5 ,orl&o & ,rosal9d1 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x4 ,^! la/1 :i* may be consid]$ z in/ances tak5 f ! middle class ( life1 toge!r ) a few drawn f ! l[] rank ( rural mann]s1 su* z ! c\rt%ip ( ,t\*/one & ,audrey1 & ( ,silvius & ,phoebe1 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x1 are good illu/rations ( ?is subject1 al?\gh x mu/ be add$ t1 9 po9t ( fancy1 s5tim5t1 & simplicity1 ! mo/ pleas+ love-sc5es 9 ,%akespe>e are ^? ( ,romeo & ,juliet & ( ,florizel & ,p]dita4 #gjg ,%akespe>e & ,8 ,times1 #ahag1 vol4 i4 p4 #bbj4 ,! anci5t c]emony ( betro?+ seems /ill to h be5 9 full use 9 ,%akespe>e's day4 ,inde$1 he gives u sev]al int]e/+ passages ^u ! subject ( tro?-plight4 ,?us1 9 ,measure = ,measure 7iii4 #a71 we le>n t ! unhapp9ess ( ! poor1 deject$ ,m>iana 0 caus$ by a violation ( ! tro?-plight3 ,duke4 ,%e %\ld ?is ,angelo h m>ri$2 0 affianc$ to h] by oa?1 & ! nuptial appo9t$3 betwe5 :i* "t ( ! contract1 & limit ( ! solemnity1 h] bro!r ,fr$]ick 0 wreck$ at sea1 hav+ 9 t p]i%$ vessel ! d[ry ( 8 si/]4 ,b m>k h[ heavily ?is befell to ! poor g5tlewoman3 !re %e lo/ a noble & r5[n$ bro!r1 9 8 love t[>d h] ev] mo/ k9d & natural2 ) him1 ! portion & s9ew ( h] =tune1 h] m>riage-d[ry2 ) bo?1 h] comb9ate husb&1 ?is well-seem+ ,angelo4 ,isabella4 ,c ?is be s8 ,did ,angelo s leave h]8 ,duke4 ,left h] 9 h] te>s1 & dri$ n "o ( !m ) 8 com=t2 swall[$ 8 v[s :ole1 pret5d+ 9 h] discov]ies ( di%on\r2 9 few1 be/[$ h] on h] own lam5tation1 :i* %e yet we>s = 8 sake2 & he1 a m>ble to h] te>s1 is wa%$ ) !m1 b rel5ts n4 ,x is evid5t t ,angelo & ,m>iana 7 b\nd by oa?2 ! nuptial 0 appo9t$2 !re 0 a prescrib$ "t betwe5 ! contract & ! p]=mance ( ! solemnity ( ! ,*ur*4 ,! lady1 h[ev]1 hav+ lo/ h] d[ry1 ! contract 0 violat$ by h] comb9ate or affianc$ husb&--! oa?1 no d\bt1 hav+ be5 t5d]$ by a m9i/] ( ! ,*ur*1 9 ! pres5ce ( witnesses4 ,9 ,twelf? ,night 7iv4 #c7 we h a m9ute description ( su* a c]emonial2 =1 :5 ,olivia is ha/ily esp\s$ to ,seba/ian1 %e says3 ,n[ g ) me & ) ?is holy man ,into ! *antry by3 !re1 be=e him1 ,& und]nea? t consecrat$ ro(1 ,plight me ! full assurance ( y\r fai?2 ,t my mo/ jeal\s & too d\btful s\l ,may live at peace4 ,he %all conceal x1 ,:iles y are will+ x %all come to note3 ,:at "t we w our celebration keep ,accord+ to my bir?4 ,?is1 !n1 0 a private c]emony be=e a s+le witness1 :o w\ld conceal x till ! prop] p]iod ( ! public c]emonial4 ,olivia1 fancy+ t %e has ?us esp\s$ ! page1 repeat$ly calls him husb&2 &1 be+ reject$1 %e summons ! prie/ to decl>e 7v4 #a73 :at ?\ do/ "k ,ha? newly pass'd betwe5 ?is y\? & me4 ,! prie/ answ]s3 ,a contract ( et]nal bond ( love1 ,confirm'd by mutual jo9d] ( y\r h&s1 ,atte/$ by ! holy close ( lips1 ,/r5g!n'd by int]*angem5t ( y\r r+s2 ,& all ! c]emony ( ?is compact ,seal'd 9 my function1 by my te/imony3 ,s9ce :51 my wat* ha? told me1 t[>d my grave ,i h travell'd b two h\rs4 ,aga91 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #d71 :i* conta9s _m a p]fect picture ( real ru/ic life1 x appe>s t1 occasionally1 ! tro?-plight 0 ex*ang$ )\t ! pres5ce ( a prie/2 b t witnesses 7 ess5tial to ! c]emony3 ,florizel4 444 ,o1 he> me brea! my life ,be=e ?is anci5t sir1 :o1 x %\ld seem1 ,ha? sometime lov'd3 ,i take ?y h&1 ?is h&1 ,z s(t z dove's d[n & z :ite z x1 ,or ,e?iopian's too?1 or ! fann'd sn[1 t's bolt$ ,by ! nor!rn bla/s twice o'er4 ,polix5es4 ,:at foll[s ?is8-- ,h[ prettily ! "y swa9 seems to wa% ,! h&1 0 fair be=e6--,i h put y out3-- ,b1 to y\r prote/ation2 let me he> ,:at y pr(ess4 ,florizel4 ,d1 & be witness to't4 ,polix5es4 ,& ?is my neighb\r too8 ,florizel4 ,& he1 & m ,?an he1 & m52 ! e>?1 ! heav5s1 & all2 ,t1 7 ,i cr[n'd ! mo/ imp]ial mon>*1 ,!re( mo/ wor?y2 7 ,i ! faire/ y\? ,t ev] made eye sw]ve2 _h =ce & k ,m ?an 0 ev] man's1 ,i w\ld n prize !m ,)\t h] love2 = h] employ !m all2 ,comm5d !m1 & condemn !m1 to h] s]vice1 ,or to _! own p]dition4 ,polix5es4 ,fairly (f]'d4 ,camillo4 ,?is %[s a s\nd affection4 ,%eph]d4 ,b1 my daught]1 ,say y ! l to him8 ,p]dita4 ,i _c speak ,s well1 no?+ s well2 no1 nor mean bett]3 ,by ! patt]n ( m9e own ?\ghts ,i cut out ,! purity ( 84 ,%eph]d4 ,take h&s1 a b>ga96 ,&1 fri5ds unkn[n1 y %all be> witness to't3 ,i give my daught] to him1 & w make ,h] portion equal 84#gjh ,florizel4 ,o1 t mu/ be ,i' ! virtue ( y\r daught]3 "o be+ dead1 ,i %all h m ?an y c dream ( yet2 ,en\gh !n = y\r wond]4 ,b1 come on1 ,contract u '=e ^! witnesses4 ,%eph]d4 ,come1 y\r h&2 ,&1 daught]1 y\rs4 #gjh ,on ent]+ into any contract1 or plight+ ( tro?1 ! clapp+ ( ! h&s toge!r set ! seal1 z 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7i4 #b71 :]e ,leontes says3 ,ere ,i c\ld make !e op5 ?y :ite h&1 ,& clap ?yself my love2 !n did/ ?\ utt] ,i am y\rs =ev]4 ,s1 too1 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7iii4 #a73 ,mir&a4 ,my husb&1 !n8 ,f]d9&4 ,ay1 ) a he>t z will+ ,z bondage e'er ( fre$om3 "h's my h&4 ,mir&a4 ,& m9e1 ) my he>t 9't4 ,& 9 ! old play ( ,ram ,alley1 by ,b>ry 7#afaa71 we read1 ,come1 clap h&s1 a mat*4 ,! cu/om is n yet disus$ 9 common life4 ,to ! argum5t ( ,polix5es1 t ! fa!r ( ,florizel ought to "k ( 8 proce$+1 ! "y man answ]s3 ,come1 come1 he mu/ n4 ,m>k our contract4 ,& !n ! fa!r1 discov]+ himself1 exclaims3 ,m>k y\r divorce1 "y sir4 ,"h1 !n1 z ,mr4 ,knight rem>ks1#gji 9 ! publicity ( a village fe/ival1 ! h& ( ! lov$ "o is solemnly tak5 by h] lov]1 :o brea!s 8 love be=e ! anci5t /rang] :o is accid5tally pres5t4 ,! /rang] is call$ to be a witness to ! prote/ation1 & s is ! neighbor :o has come ) him4 ,! maid5 is call$ ^u by h] fa!r to speak1 & !n ! old man adds3 ,take h&s1 a b>ga96 #gji ,! ,/rat=d ,%akespe>e1 #ahed1 vol4 i p4 #gj4 ,! fri5ds are to be> witness to x3 ,i give my daught] to him1 & w make ,h] portion equal 84 ,! impati5t lov] !n aga9 exclaims3 ,contract u '=e ^! witnesses4 ,! %eph]d takes ! h&s ( ! y\? & ! maid54 ,aga9 ! lov] exclaims3 ,m>k our contract4 ,! c]emony is left incomplete1 = ! pr9cely fa!r discov]s himself )3 ,m>k y\r divorce1 "y sir4 ,x appe>s1 !re=e1 t esp\sals be=e witnesses 7 consid]$ z con/itut+ a valid m>riage1 if foll[$ up )9 a limit$ "t by ! m>riage ( ! ,*ur*4 ,h[ev] mu* ! ,re=m$ ,*ur* might h endeavor$ to abrogate ?is practice1 x 0 unque/ionably ! anci5t habit ( ! p4#gaj ,x 0 d]iv$ f ! ,roman law1 & /ill prevails 9 ! ,lu!ran ,*ur*4 #gaj ,knight's ,/rat=d ,%akespe>e1 p4 #gc4 ,besides ex*ang+ kisses1#gaa accompani$ ) v[s ( ev]la/+ affection1 & :isp]+ lov]s' reassurances ( fidelity1 x 0 cu/om>y to int]*ange r+s4 ,9 ,%akespe>e's plays1 h[ev]1 esp\sals are made ) & )\t ! use ( ! r+4 ,?us1 9 ! case ( ,f]d9& & ,mir&a1 we read ( _! jo9+ h&s only 7,tempe/1 iii4 #a73 ,f]d9&4 ,ay1 ) a he>t z will+ ,z bondage e'er ( fre$om2 "h's my h&4 ,mir&a4 ,an m9e1 ) my he>t 9't2 & n[ f>ewell1 ,till half an h\r h5ce4 #gaa ,cf4 ,k+ ,john 7ii4 #b73 ,k+ ,philip4 ,"y pr9ces1 close y\r h&s4 ,au/ria4 ,& y\r lips too2 =1 ,i am well assur$1 ,t ,i did s1 :5 ,i 0 fir/ assur$4 ,9 ! passage already quot$ f ,twelf? ,night 7v4 #a7 !re seems to h be5 a mutual int]*ange ( r+s4 ,"s1 inde$1 consid]$ t a betro?al 0 n complete unless ea* sp\se gave ! o!r a circlet4 ,lady ,anne1 9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7i4 #b71 is made to %>e 9 ?is misconception3 ,glo/]4 ,v\*safe to we> ?is r+4 ,anne4 ,to take1 is n to give4 ,glo/]4 ,look1 h[ my r+ encompasse? ?y f+]1 ,ev5 s ?y brea/ enclose? my poor he>t3 ,we> bo? ( !m1 = bo? ( !m are ?9e4 ,9 ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7ii4 #b7 we read3 ,julia4 ,keep ?is remembrance = ?y ,julia's sake 7giv+ a r+74 ,proteus4 ,:y1 !n1 we'll make ex*ange3 "h1 take y ?is4 ,julia4 ,& seal ! b>ga9 ) a holy kiss4 ,a jo9t1 or gimmal1 r+ 0 anci5tly a common tok5 among lov]s1 an allusion to :i* is made by ,emilia1 9 ,o!llo 7iv4 #c73 ,i w\ld n d su* a ?+ = a jo9t-r+4 ,_! nature w be be/ und]/ood by a passage 9 ,dryd5's ,don ,seba/ian 7#afij1 act v473 ,a curi\s arti/ wr\ght !m1 ,) jo9ts s close1 z n to be p]ceiv'd2 ,yet are !y bo? ea* o!r's c\nt]p>t1 444 & 9 ! mid/1 ,a he>t1 divid$ 9 two halves1 0 plac'd4 ,!y 7 g5]ally made ( two or ?ree hoops1 s *as$ & engrav$ t1 :5 fa/5$ toge!r by a s+le rivet1 ! :ole ?ree =m$ "o design1 ! usual device be+ a h&4 ,:5 an engagem5t 0 contract$1 ! r+ 0 tak5 ap>t1 ea* sp\se tak+ a division1 & ! ?ird "o be+ pres5t$ to ! pr9cipal witness ( ! contract4#gab ,h5ce su* a r+ 0 kn[n z a ,sponsalium ,annulis1 to :i* ,h]rick ?us ref]s3 ,?\ s5t'/ me a true-love knot1 b ,i ,return$ a r+ ( jimmals1 to imply ,?y love ha? "o knot1 m9e a triple tye4 #gab ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #cfc2 ,ar*ologia1 vol4 xiv4 p4 #g2 ,jones's ,f+] ,r+ ,lore1 #ahgg1 pp4 #cac-cah4 ,! t]m is us$ by ! ,duke ( ,anj\1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #b73 ,i ?9k1 by "s odd gimmors or device1 ,_! arms are set l clocks1 /ill to /rike on2 ,else ne'er c\ld !y hold out s z !y d4 ,aga91 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7iv4 #b71 ,gr&pr tells h[1 9 _! pale dull m\?s ! gimmal bit ,lies f\l ) *ew'd grass1 /ill & motionless4 ,mo/ read]s ( ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice rememb] ! mir?ful use :i* ,%akespe>e makes ( lov]s' r+s4 ,portia says 7iii4 #b71 :5 giv+ h] weal? & self to ,bassanio3 ,i give !m ) ?is r+2 ,:i* :5 y "p f1 lose1 or give away1 ,let x presage ! ru9 ( y\r love4 ,! la/ act1 too1 gives sev]al p>ticul>s ab\t lov]s' r+s1 :i*1 9 ,elizabe?an ,engl&1#gac (t5 _h posies engrav$ on !m1 & 7 worn by m5 on ! left h&4 ,gratiano1 = example1 says3 ,ab\t a hoop ( gold1 a paltry r+ ,t %e did give me2 ^: posy 0 ,= all ! _w l cutl]s' poetry ,^u a knife1 ',love me & leave me n4' #gac ,see ,jeaffreson's ,brides & ,bridals1 #ahgc1 vol4 i4 pp4 #gg1 #gh4 ,aga9 ,bassanio exclaims3 ,:y1 ,i 7 be/ to cut my left h& (f1 ,& swe> ,i lo/ ! r+ def5d+ x4 ,9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew ,%akespe>e gives num]\s allusions to ! cu/oms ( 8 day connect$ ) c\rt%ip & m>riage4 ,inde$1 9 ! second act 7sc4 #b7 we h a p]fect betro?al sc5e3 ,petru*io4 ,give me ?y h&1 ,kate3 ,i w unto ,v5ice1 ,to buy app>el 'ga9/ ! w$d+-day4-- ,provide ! fea/1 fa!r1 & bid ! gue/s2 ,i w be sure my ,ka?>9e %all be f9e4 ,bapti/a4 ,i "k n :at to say3 b give me y\r h&s2 ,god s5d y joy1 ,petru*io6 'tis a mat*4 ,gremio4 ,tranio4 ,am51 say we2 we w be witnesses4 ,petru*io4 ,fa!r1 & wife1 & g5tlem51 adieu2 ,i w to ,v5ice2 ,sunday comes apace4 ,we w h r+s1 & ?+s1 & f9e array2 ,&1 kiss me1 ,kate1 we w be m>ri$ o' ,sunday4 ,al?\gh ,ka?>9a is only 8 sp\se1 & ,bapti/a n yet 8 fa!r-9-law1 ,petru*io1 9 accordance ) fa%ion1 calls h] wife & him fa!r4 ,! sp\ses ( old times us$ to t]m "o ano!r husb& & wife1 =1 z !y argu$1 !y 7 z good z husb& & wife4 ,=m]ly !re 0 a k9d ( betro?al or m>riage contract preval5t among ! l[ ord]s call$ h&-fa/+1 or h&-fe/+1 said to h be5 mu* 9 use among ! ,danes1 & :i* is m5tion$ by ,ray 9 8 ,gloss>y ( ,nor?umbrian ,words4 ,x simply means h&-fa/5+ or b9d+4 ,9 ,cymbel9e 7i4 #e7 ! phrase is us$ 9 its second>y s5se by ! ,que51 :o1 speak+ ( ,pisanio1 decl>es t he is ,a sly & con/ant knave1 ,n to be %ak'd2 ! ag5t = 8 ma/]1 ,& ! remembranc] ( h]1 to hold ,! h&-fa/ to h] "l4 ,9 ! ,*ri/ian ,/ate ( ,matrimony1 #aedc1 we f9d ! foll[+ illu/ration ( ?is cu/om3 ,yet 9 ?is ?+ almo/ mu/ ,i w>n e reasonable & hone/ p]son to bew>e t 9 ! contract+ ( m>riage !y dissemble n1 nor set =? any lie4 ,e man1 likewise1 mu/ e/eem ! p]son to :om he is 'h&fa/$' none o!rwise ?an = 8 own sp\se2 ?\gh z yet x be n done 9 ! *ur*1 nor 9 ! /reet4 ,aft] ! h&fa/+ & mak+ ( ! contract1 ! *ur*-go+ & w$d+ %\ld n be def]r$ too long4 ,! au?or !n goes on to rebuke a cu/om t at ! h&fa/+ !re is made a great fea/ & sup]flu\s banquet4 ,sir ,john ,s9clair1 9 ! ,/ati/ical acc\nt ( ,scotl& 7#agid1 vol4 xii4 p4 #fae71 tells u t at a fair annually held at ,eskdalemuir1 ,dumfries%ire1 x 0 ! cu/om = ! unm>ri$ p]sons ( bo? sexes to *oose a companion accord+ to _! lik+1 ) :om !y 7 to live till t "t next ye>4 ,?is 0 call$ 'h&fa/+1' or h&-9-fi/4 ,if !y 7 pleas$ ) ea* o!r at t "t !n !y cont9u$ toge!r = life2 if n1 !y sep>at$1 & 7 free to make ano!r *oice z at ! fir/4 ,%akespe>e has giv5 u num]\s illu/rations ( ! m>riage cu/oms ( our =efa!rs1 _m ( :i* are int]e/+ z relics ( ! pa/1 ow+ to _! hav+ long ago fall5 into disuse4 ,! fa%ion ( introduc+ a b[l ( w9e into ! *ur* at a w$d+1 :i* is allud$ to 9 ! ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7iii4 #b71 to be drunk by ! bride & bridegroom & p]sons pres5t1 imm$iately aft] ! m>riage c]emony1 is v anci5t4 ,gremio relates h[ ,petru*io /amp'd & swore1 ,z if ! vic> meant to coz5 him4 ,b aft] _m c]emonies done1 ,he calls = w9e3--',a heal?6' quo? he1 z if ,he _h be5 abo>d1 c>\s+ to 8 mates ,aft] a /orm3--quaff'd (f ! muscadel1 ,& ?rew ! sops#gad all 9 ! sexton's face2 ,hav+ no o!r reason ,b t 8 be>d grew ?9 & hung]ly1 ,& seem'd to ask him sops z he 0 dr9k+4 #gad ,sops 9 w9e4 ,x exi/$ ev5 among our ,go?ic ance/ors1 & is m5tion$ 9 ! ord9ances ( ! h\sehold ( ,h5ry ,,vii41 ,= ! ,m>riage ( a ,pr9cess3--',!n pottes ( ipocrice to be ready1 & to be put into cupps ) soppe1 & to be borne to ! e/ates1 & to take a soppe & dr9ke4' ,x 0 also practis$ at ! magnific5t m>riage ( ,que5 ,m>y & ,philip1 9 ,w9*e/] ,ca!dral1 & at ! m>riage ( ! ,elector ,palat9e to ! daught] ( ,james ,i41 9 #afab-ac4 ,inde$1 x appe>s to h be5 ! practice at mo/ m>riages4 ,9 ,jonson's ,magnetic ,lady x is call$ a knitt+ cup2 9 ,middleton's ,no ,wit l a ,woman's1 ! contract+ cup4 ,9 ,rob]t ,arm9's com$y ( ,! ,hi/ory ( ! ,two ,maids ( ,m ,clacke1 #afji1 ! play beg9s )3 ,ent] a maid /rew+ fl[]s1 & a s]v+-man p]fum+ ! door4 ,maid4 ,/rew1 /rew4 ,man4 ,! muscad9e /ays = ! bride at *ur*3 ,! prie/ & ,hym5's c]emonies t5d ,to make !m man & wife4 ,aga91 9 ,beaumont & ,flet*]'s ,scornful ,lady 7i4 #a71 ! cu/om is ref]r$ to3#gae ,if my w$d+-smock 7 on1 ,7 ! gloves b\ght & giv51 ! lic5se come1 ,7 ! rosem>y bran*es dipp'd1 & all ,! hippocras & cakes eat & drunk (f4 #gae ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #acf1 #aci4 ,we f9d x enjo9$ 9 ! ,h]e=d missal4 ,by ! ,s>um missal x is direct$ t ! sops imm]s$ 9 ?is w9e1 z well z ! liquor itself1 & ! cup t conta9$ x1 %\ld be bless$ by ! prie/4 ,! bev]age us$ on ?is occasion 0 to be drunk by ! bride & bridegroom & ! re/ ( ! company4 ,! nuptial kiss 9 ! *ur* 0 anci5tly "p ( ! m>riage c]emony1 z appe>s f a rubric 9 "o ( ! ,salisbury missals4 ,9 ! ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew1 ,%akespe>e has made an excell5t use ( ?is cu/om1 :]e he relates h[ ,petru*io 7iii4 #b7 took ! bride ab\t ! neck ,& kiss'd h] lips ) su* a clamor\s smack ,t1 at ! p>t+1 all ! *ur* did e*o4 ,aga91 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7v4 #a71 :]e ! ,duke ( ,nor?umb]l& ann\nces to ! k+ t he is to be s5t to ,pomfret1 & 8 wife to be bani%$ to ,france1 ! k+ exclaims3 ,d\bly divorc'd6--,bad m51 ye violate ,a tw(old m>riage1--'twixt my cr[n & me1 ,& !n1 betwixt me & my m>ri$ wife4-- ,let me unkiss ! oa? twixt !e & me2 ,& yet n s1 = ) a kiss 'twas made4 ,m>/on1 too1 9 8 ,insatiate ,c\ntess1 m5tions x3 ,! kisse ?\ gav'/ me 9 ! *ur*1 "h take4 ,! practice is /ill kept up among ! poor2 & ,br&#gaf says x is /ill cu/om>y among p]sons ( middl+ rank z well z ! vulg>1 9 mo/ p>ts ( ,engl&1 = ! "y m5 pres5t at ! m>riage c]emony to salute ! bride1 "o by "o1 ! mom5t x is conclud$4 #gaf ,pop4 ,antiq41 vol4 ii4 p4 #adj4 ,music 0 ! univ]sal accompanim5t ( w$d+s 9 old5 times4#gag ,! allusions to w$d+ music t may be f\nd 9 ! works ( ,%akespe>e1 ,b5 ,jonson1 & o!r ,elizabe?an dramati/s1 te/ify1 z ,mr4 ,jeaffreson po9ts out1 t1 9 ! op9ion ( _! contempor>ies1 a w$d+ )\t ! bray+ ( trumpets & beat+ ( drums & cla%+ ( cymbals 0 a poor affair4 ,9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7v4 #d71 ,hym5 says3 ,:iles a w$lock-hymn we s+4 #gag ,brides & ,bridals1 #ahgc1 vol4 i4 p4 #beb4 ,& 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iv4 #e71 ,capulet says3 ,our w$d+ *e]1 to a sad burial fea/2 ,our solemn hymns to sull5 dirges *ange4 ,x seems to h be5 cu/om>y = ! bride at h] w$d+ to we> h] hair unbraid$ & hang+ loose ov] h] %\ld]s4 ,!re may be an allusion to ?is cu/om 9 ,k+ ,john 7iii4 #a71 :]e ,con/ance says3 ,o ,lewis1 /& fa/6 ! devil tempts !e "h ,9 lik5ess ( a new untrimm$ bride4 ,at ! celebration ( h] m>riage ) ! ,palat9e1 ,elizabe? ,/u>t wore h] hair di%evell$ & hang+ d[n h] %\ld]s4 ,heywood speaks ( ?is practice 9 ! foll[+ graphic words3 ,at l5g? ! blu%+ bride comes1 ) h] hair ,di%evell$ 'b\t h] %\ld]s4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t ! bride's veil1 :i* ( late ye>s has become "o ( ! mo/ conspicu\s features ( h] co/ume1 may be no?+ m ?an a mill9]'s sub/itute1 :i* 9 old "t conceal$ n a few ( ! bride's p]sonal attractions1 & cov]$ h] face :5 %e knelt at ! alt>4 ,mr4 ,jeaffreson#gah ?9ks x may be ascrib$ to ! ,hebrew c]emony2 or has come f ! ,ea/1 :]e veils h be5 worn f "t immemorial4 ,"s1 aga91 connect x ) ! yell[ veil :i* 0 worn by ! ,roman brides4 ,/range1 too1 z x may appe>1 x is nev]!less c]ta9 t knives & dagg]s 7 =m]ly "p ( ! cu/om>y acc\trem5ts ( brides4 ,?us1 ,%akespe>e1 9 ! old qu>to1 #aeig1 makes ,juliet we> a knife at ! fri>'s cell1 & :5 %e is ab\t to take ! potion4 ,?is cu/om1 h[ev]1 is easily acc\nt$ =1 :5 we consid] t wom5 anci5tly wore a knife susp5d$ f _! girdle4 ,_m allusions to ?is practice occur 9 old writ]s4#gai ,9 ,dekk]'s ,mat* ,me 9 ,london1 #afca1 a bride says to h] jeal\s husb&3 ,see1 at my girdle hang my w$d+ knives6 ,) ^? dispat* me4 #gah ,brides & ,bridals1 vol4 i4 p4 #agg4 #gai ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #aca-acc4 ,9 ! ,wit* ( ,edmonton1 #afeh1 ,som]ton says3 ,b see1 ! bridegroom & bride come2 ! new ,pair ( ,%effield knives fitt$ bo? to "o %ea?4 ,among o!r w$d+ cu/oms allud$ to by ,%akespe>e we may m5tion "o ref]r$ to 9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7ii4 #a71 :]e ,ka?>9a1 speak+ ( ,bianca1 says to h] fa!r3 ,%e is y\r treasure1 %e mu/ h a husb&3 ,i mu/ dance b>e-foot on h] w$d+-day1 ,&1 = y\r love to h]1 lead apes 9 hell1 x be+ a popul> notion t unless ! eld] si/]s danc$ b>efoot at ! m>riage ( a y\ng] "o1 !y w\ld inevitably become old maids1 & be condemn$ to lead apes 9 hell4 ,! expression to lead apes 9 hell1 appli$ above to old maids1 has giv5 rise to mu* discussion1 & ! phrase has n yet be5 satisfactorily expla9$4 ,/eev5s sugge/s t x might be consid]$ an act ( po/hum\s retribution = wom5 :o refus$ to be> *ildr5 to be condemn$ to ! c>e ( apes 9 lead+-/r+s aft] dea?4 ,malone says t to lead apes 0 9 ,%akespe>e's "t "o ( ! employm5ts ( a be>-w>d1 :o (t5 c>ri$ ab\t "o ( ^! animals ) 8 be>4 ,n>es expla9s ! expression by ref]5ce to ! ^w ape z d5ot+ a fool1 x probably mean+ t ^? coquettes :o made fools ( m51 & l$ !m ab\t )\t real int5tion ( m>riage1 w\ld h !m /ill to lead aga9/ _! w h]eaft]4 ,9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7ii4 #a71 ,beatrice says3 !re=e ,i w ev5 take sixp5ce 9 e>ne/ ( ! be>-w>d1 & lead 8 apes into hell4 ,d\ce#gbj tells u t homicides & adult]]s 7 9 anci5t times compell$1 by way ( puni%m5t1 to lead an ape by ! neck1 ) _! m\?s affix$ 9 a v unseemly mann] to ! animal's tail4 #gbj ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #bjc4 ,9 accordance ) an old cu/om1 ! bride1 on ! w$d+-night1 _h to dance ) e gue/1 & play ! amiable1 h[ev] mu* aga9/ h] own wi%es4 ,9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7v4 #b71 !re seems to be an allusion to ?is practice1 :]e ! k+ says3 ,i _h ?\ght1 ,!y _h p>t$ s mu* hone/y among !m1 ,at lea/1 good mann]s1 z n ?us to suff] ,a man ( 8 place1 & s ne> our fav\r1 ,to dance att5dance on _! lord%ips' pleasures4 ,9 ! ,*ri/ian ,/ate ( ,matrimony 7#aedc7 we read ?us3 ,!n mu/ ! poor bryde kepe foote ) a daunc]s1 & refuse none1 h[ scabb$1 f\le1 dronck51 rude1 & %ameless soev] he be4 ,z 9 our own "t1 s1 too1 =m]ly1 fl[]s ent]$ l>gely into ! m>riage fe/ivities4 ,mo/ read]s w at once call to m9d t t\*+ sc5e 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iv4 #e71 :]e ,capulet says1 ref]r+ to ,juliet's suppos$ untimely dea?3 ,our bridal fl[]s s]ve = a buri$ corse4 ,x seems1 too1 9 days gone by to h be5 cu/om>y to deck ! bridal b$ ) fl[]s1 v>i\s allusions to :i* are giv5 by ,%akespe>e4 ,?us1 9 ,hamlet 7v4 #a71 ! que51 speak+ ( poor ,ophelia1 says3 ,i hop'd ?\ %\ld'/ h be5 my ,hamlet's wife2 ,i ?\ght ?y bride-b$ to h deck'd1 sweet maid4 ,9 ,! ,tempe/ 7iv4 #a7 we may comp>e ! words ( ,prosp]o1 :o1 allud+ to ! m>riage ( 8 daught] ,mir&a ) ,f]d9&1 by way ( w>n+1 cautions !m le/ b>r5 hate1 ,s\r-ey'd disda9 & discord %all be/rew ,! union ( y\r b$ ) we$s s loa?ly ,t y %all hate x bo?4 ,9 ! ,papal times no new-m>ri$ c\ple c\ld g to b$ toge!r till ! bridal-b$ _h be5 bless$--?is be+ consid]$ "o ( ! mo/ important ( ! m>riage c]emonies4 ,on ! ev5+ ( ! w$d+-day1 says ,mr4 ,jeaffreson1#gba :5 ! m>ri$ c\ple sat 9 /ate 9 ! bridal-b$1 be=e ! exclusion ( ! gue/s1 :o assembl$ to comm5d !m yet aga9 to ,heav5's keep+1 "o or m prie/s1 att5d$ by acolytes sw++ to & fro light$ c5s]s1 appe>$ 9 ! cr[d$ *amb] to bless ! c\*1 its occupants1 & ! truckle-b$1 & fumigate ! room ) hall[+ inc5se4 ,9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7v4 #a71 ,ob]on says3 ,n[1 until ! break ( day1 ,?r\gh ?is h\se ea* fairy /ray4 ,to ! be/ bride-b$ w we1 ,:i* by u %all bless$ be2 ,& ! issue !re create ,ev] %all be =tunate4 #gba ,brides & ,bridals1 vol4 i4 p4 #ih2 see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 vol4 ii4 p4 #age4 ,/eev5s1 9 illu/ration ( ?is cu/om1 quotes f ,*auc]'s ,! ,m]*ant's ,tale 7ed4 ,tyr:itt71 l9e #ific3 ,& :5 ! b$ 0 ) ! pree/ ybless$4 ,! =mula = ?is curi\s c]emony is ?us giv5 9 ! ,manual = ! use ( ,salisbury3 ,nocte v]o sequ5te cum sponsus et sponsa ad lectum p]v5]9t1 acc$at sac]dos et b5$icat ?alamum1 dic5s4 ,b5$ic1 ,dom9e1 ?alamum i/um et omnes habitantes 9 eo2 ut 9 tua pace consi/ant1 et 9 tua voluntate p]maneant3 et 9 tuo amore vivant et s5escant et multiplic5tur 9 longitud9e di]um4 ,p] ,dom9um4--,item b5$ictio sup] lectum4 ,b5$ic1 ,dom9e1 hoc cubiculum1 respice1 qu9on dormis neque dormitas4 ,qui cu/odis ,israel1 cu/odi famulos tuos 9 hoc lecto quiesc5tes ab omnibus fantasmaticis demonum illusionibus4 ,cu/odi eos vigilantes ut 9 preceptis tuis m$it5tur dormi5tes1 et te p] soporem s5tiant2 ut hic et ubique dep5sionis tu muniantur auxilio4 ,p] ,dom9um4--,de9de fiat b5$ictio sup] eos 9 lecto tantum cum oremus4 ,b5$icat ,deus corpora ve/ra et animas ve/ras2 et det sup] eos b5$ictionem sicut b5$ixit ,abraham1 ,isaac1 et ,jacob1 ,am54 ,8 p]actis asp]gat eos aqua b5$icta1 et sic disc$at et dimittat eos 9 pace4#gbb #gbb ,see ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 pp4 #abc1 #abd4 ,9 ! ,fr5* romance ( ,melus9e1 ! bi%op :o m>ries h] to ,raymond9 blesses ! nuptial-b$4 ,! c]emony is !re pres5t$ 9 a v anci5t cut1 ( :i* ,d\ce has giv5 a copy4 ,! good prelate is spr9kl+ ! p>ties ) holy wat]4 ,x appe>s t1 occasionally1 dur+ ! b5$iction1 ! m>ri$ c\ple only sat on ! b$2 b !y g5]ally receiv$ a portion ( ! consecrat$ bread & w9e4 ,x is record$ 9 ,france1 t1 on frequ5t occasions1 ! prie/ 0 improp]ly deta9$ till midnight1 :ile ! w$d+ gue/s riot$ 9 ! luxuries ( ! table1 & made use ( language t 0 extremely (f5sive to ! cl]gy4 ,x 0 !re=e orda9$1 9 ! ye> #aegg1 t ! c]emony ( bless+ ! nuptial-b$ %\ld = ! future be p]=m$ 9 ! day-"t1 or at lea/ be=e supp]1 & 9 ! pres5ce ( ! bride & bridegroom1 & ( _! ne>e/ relations only4 ,on ! morn+ aft] ! celebration ( ! m>riage1 x 0 =m]ly cu/om>y = fri5ds to s]5ade a newly m>ri$ c\ple1 or to greet !m ) a morn+ song to bid !m good-morr[4 ,9 ,o!llo 7iii4 #a7 ?is cu/om is ref]r$ to by ,cassio1 :o1 speak+ ( ,o!llo & ,desdemona1 says to ! musicians3 ,ma/]s1 play "h2 ,i w cont5t y\r pa9s3 ,some?+ t's brief2 & bid1 ',good morr[1 g5]al4' ,accord+ to ,cotgrave1 ! morn+-song to a newly m>ri$ woman 0 call$ ! hunt's up4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t ?is may be allud$ to by ,juliet 7iii4 #e71 :o1 :5 urg+ ,romeo to make 8 escape1 tells him3 ,"s say ! l>k & loa!d toad *ange eyes2 ,o1 n[ ,i w\ld !y _h *ang'd voices too6 ,s9ce arm f arm t voice do? u affray1 ,hunt+ !e h5ce ) hunt's-up to ! day4 ,o1 n[ be gone4 ,9 old5 times tor*es 7 us$ at w$d+s--a practice1 inde$1 dat+ z f> back z ! "t ( ! ,romans4 ,f ! foll[+ l9es 9 ,h]rick's ,hesp]ides1 x has be5 sugge/$ t ! cu/om once exi/$ 9 ?is c\ntry3 ,^u a maid t dy$ ! day %e 0 m>ry$4 ,t morne :i* saw me made a bride1 ,! ev'n+ witne/ t ,i dy'd4 ,^? holy lights1 :]e) !y guide ,unto ! b$ ! ba%ful bride1 ,s]v'd b z tap]s = to burne ,& light my reliques to _! urne4 ,?is epitaph :i* "h y see1 ,supply'd ! ,epi?alamie4#gbc #gbc ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aei4 ,%akespe>e alludes to ?is cu/om 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #b71 :]e ,joan ( ,arc1 ?ru/+ out a burn+ tor* on ! top ( ! t[] at ,r\51 exclaims3 ,behold1 ?is is ! happy w$d+ tor*1 ,t jo9e? ,r\5 unto h] c\ntrym54 ,9 ,! ,tempe/1 too 7iv4 #a71 ,iris says3 no b$-"r %all be paid ,till ,hym5's tor* be light$4 ,accord+ to a ,roman m>riage cu/om1 ! bride1 on h] entry into h] husb&'s h\se1 0 prohibit$ f tread+ ov] 8 ?re%old1 & le/ %e %\ld ev5 s mu* z t\* x1 %e 0 always lift$ ov] x4 ,%akespe>e seems inadv]t5tly to h ov]look$ ?is usage 9 ,coriolanus 7iv4 #e71 :]e he repres5ts ,aufidius z say+3 ,i lov'd ! maid ,i m>ri$2 nev] man ,sigh'd tru] brea?2 b t ,i see !e "h1 ,?\ noble ?+6 m dances my rapt he>t1 ,?an :5 ,i fir/ my w$d$ mi/ress saw ,be/ride my ?re%old4 ,lucan 9 8 ,ph>salia 7lib4 ii4 #a4 #cei71 says3 ,translata vetuit cont+]e lim9a planta4 ,once m1 ,sunday appe>s to h be5 a popul> day = m>riages2 ! brides ( ! ,elizabe?an dramas be+ usually repres5t$ z m>ri$ on ,sundays4 ,9 ! ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7ii4 #a71 ,petru*io1 aft] tell+ 8 future fa!r-9-law t ^u ,sunday is ! w$d+-day1 & laugh+ at ,ka?>9a's petulant exclamation1 ,i'll see !e hang$ on ,sunday fir/1 says3 ,fa!r1 & wife1 & g5tlem51 adieu2 ,i w to ,v5ice2 ,sunday comes apace3-- ,we w h r+s1 & ?+s1 & f9e array2 ,&1 kiss me1 ,kate1 we w be m>ri$ o' ,sunday4 ,?us ,mr4 ,jeaffreson1 speak+ ( ?is cu/om 9 8 ,brides & ,bridals1 rightly rem>ks3 ,a fa%ionable w$d+1 celebrat$ on ! ,"l's ,day 9 ,london1 or any "p ( ,engl&1 w\ld n[adays be d5\nc$ by religi\s p ( all ,*ri/ian p>ties4 ,b 9 our feudal times1 & long aft] ! ,re=mation1 ,sunday 0 ( all days ( ! week ! favorite "o = m>riages4 ,long aft] ! !atres _h be5 clos$ on ,sundays1 ! day ( re/ 0 ! *ief day = w$d+s ) ,london]s ( e social class4 ,love-*>ms h f ! e>lie/ times be5 mu* 9 reque/ among ! cr$ul\s1 anxi\s to ga9 an insight into _! matrimonial prospects4#gbd ,9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7v4 #a71 we h an allusion to ! practice ( kneel+ & pray+ at wayside crosses = a happy m>riage1 9 ! passage :]e ,/ephano tells h[ 8 mi/ress do? /ray ab\t ,by holy crosses1 :]e %e kneels & prays ,= happy w$lock h\rs4 #gbd ,see ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor1 iv4 #b4 ,! use ( love-potions by a despair+ lov]1 to secure ! affections ( ano!r1 0 a sup]/iti\s practice mu* resort$ to 9 old5 times4#gbe ,?is mode ( en*antm5t1 too1 0 =m]ly (t5 employ$ 9 our own c\ntry1 & ,gay1 9 8 ,%eph]d's ,week1 relates h[ ,hobnelia 0 guilty ( ?is que/ionable practice3 ,z ,i 0 wont1 ,i trudg$1 la/ m>ket-day1 ,to t[n ) new-laid eggs1 pres]v$ 9 hay4 ,i made my m>ket long be=e 'twas night2 ,my purse grew heavy1 & my basket light4 ,/raight to ! 'po!c>y's %op ,i w5t1 ,& 9 love-p[d] all my money sp5t4 ,behap :at w1 next ,sunday aft] pray]s1 ,:5 to ! ale-h\se ,lubb]k9 repairs1 ,^! gold5 flies into 8 mug ,i'll ?r[1 ,& soon ! swa9 ) f]v5t love %all gl[4 #gbe ,see ,pott]'s ,antiquities ( ,greece2 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 vol4 iii4 p4 #cjf4 ,9 ! ,"* ( a ,quack ,a/rolog]1 #afgc1 quot$ by ,br&1 we are told h[ he trappans a "y heiress to run away ) a footman1 by p]suad+ a "y girl 'tis h] de/9y2 & sells ! old & ugly philtres & love-p[d] to procure !m swee!>ts4 ,%akespe>e has repres5t$ ,o!llo z accus$ ( w9n+ ,desdemona by conjuration & mighty magic4 ,?us ,brabantio 7i4 #b7 says3 ?\ ha/ practis$ on h] ) f\l *>ms2 ,abus'd h] delicate y\? ) drugs1 or m9]als1 ,t weak5 motion4 ,& 9 ! foll[+ sc5e he fur!r repeats ! same *>ge aga9/ ,o!llo3 ,%e is abus'd1 /ol'n f me1 & corrupt$ ,by spells & m$ic9es b\ght ( m\ntebanks2 ,= nature s prepo/]\sly to err1 ,be+ n defici5t1 bl9d1 or lame ( s5se1 ,sans wit*craft c\ld n4 ,o!llo1 h[ev]1 9 prov+ t he _h won ,desdemona only by honorable means1 address+ ! ,duke1 replies3 by y\r graci\s pati5ce1 ,i w a r\nd unv>ni%'d tale deliv] ,( my :ole c\rse ( love2 :at drugs1 :at *>ms1 ,:at conjuration1 & :at mighty magic1-- ,= su* proce$+ ,i am *>g'd )al1-- ,i won 8 daught]4 ,x may h escap$ ! poet's notice t1 by ! ,v5etian law1 ! giv+ love-potions 0 held highly crim9al1 z appe>s 9 ! code ,della ,promission del ,malefico1 cap4 xvii41 ,del ,maleficii et ,h]b>ie4 ,a fur!r allusion to ?is practice occurs 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #a74 :]e ,puck & ,ob]on amuse !mselves at ,titania's exp5se4#gbf #gbf ,see page #bbg4 ,an expression common 9 ,%akespe>e's day = any "o born out ( w$lock is m5tion$ by ! ,ba/>d 9 ,k+ ,john 7i4 #a73 ,9 at ! w9d[1 or else o'er ! hat*4 ,! old say+ also t ,hang+ & wiv+ g by de/9y is quot$ by ,n]issa 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7ii4 #i74 ,9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7ii4 #a71 ,don ,p$ro makes use ( an old popul> phrase 9 ask+ ,claudio3 ,:5 mean y to g to *ur*8 ref]r+ to 8 m>riage4 ,a solemn & ev5 melan*oly air 0 (t5 affect$ by ! beaux ( ,que5 ,elizabe?'s "t1 z a ref9$ m>k ( g5tility1 a mo/ sad & pa!tic allusion to :i* cu/om is made by ,ar?ur 9 ,k+ ,john 7iv4 #a73 ,me?9ks1 nobody %\ld be sad b ,i3 ,yet1 ,i rememb]1 :5 ,i 0 9 ,france1 ,"y g5tlem5 w\ld be z sad z night1 ,only = wantonness4#gbg #gbg ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #efc4 ,!re are frequ5t ref]5ces to ?is fa%ion 9 our old writ]s4 ,?us1 9 ,b5 ,jonson's ,e ,man 9 ,8 ,humor 7i4 #c71 we read3 ,:y1 ,i d ?9k ( x2 & ,i w be m pr\d1 & melan*oly1 & g5tlemanlike ?an ,i h be51 ,i'll insure y4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,dea? ,,& ,,burial4 ,f a v e>ly p]iod !re has be5 a belief 9 ! exi/5ce ( a p[] ( prophecy at t p]iod :i* prec$es dea?4 ,x took its orig9 9 ! assum$ fact t ! s\l becomes div9e 9 ! same ratio z its connection ) ! body is loos5$4 ,x has be5 urg$ 9 support ( ?is !ory t at ! h\r ( dea? ! s\l is1 z x 71 on ! conf9es ( two worlds1 & may possibly at ! same mom5t possess a p[] :i* is bo? prospective & retrospective4 ,%akespe>e1 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7ii4 #a71 makes ! dy+ ,gaunt exclaim1 allud+ to 8 nephew1 ! "y & self-will$ k+3 ,me?9ks ,i am a prophet new inspir'd1 ,& ?us1 expir+1 d =etell ( him4 ,aga91 ! brave ,p]cy1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7v4 #d71 :5 9 ! agonies ( dea?1 expresses ! same idea3 ,o1 ,i c\ld prophesy1 ,b t ! e>?y & cold h& ( dea? ,lies on my tongue4 ,we may also comp>e :at ,n]issa says ( ,portia's fa!r 9 ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7i4 #b71 ,y\r fa!r 0 ev] virtu\s2 & holy m51 at _! dea?1 h good inspirations4 ,curi\s to say1 ?is notion may be trac$ up to ! "t ( ,hom]4 ,?us ,patroclus prophesies ! dea? ( ,hector 7,iliad1 ,greek3 p4 #heb73 ,y y\rself are n de/9$ to live long1 = ev5 n[ dea? is draw+ nigh unto y1 & a viol5t fate awaits y--ab\t to be sla9 9 fight by ! h&s ( ,a*illes4 ,ari/otle tells u t ! s\l1 :5 on ! po9t ( dea?1 =etells ?+s ab\t to happ54 ,o!rs h s\ght = ! f\ndation ( ?is belief 9 ! #di? *apt] ( ,g5esis3 ,& ,jacob call$ unto 8 sons1 & said1 ,ga!r y\rselves toge!r1 t ,i may tell y t :i* %all befall y 9 ! la/ days4444 ,& :5 ,jacob _h made an end ( comm&+ 8 sons1 he ga!r$ up 8 feet into ! b$1 & yield$ up ! gho/1 & 0 ga!r$ unto 8 p4 ,:e!r1 h[ev]1 we accept ?is orig9 or n1 at any rate x is v c]ta9 t ! notion 9 "q has exi/$ f ! e>lie/ times1 be+ allud$ to also by ,socrates1 ,x5ophon1 & ,diodorus ,siculus4 ,x /ill l+]s on 9 ,lanca%ire & o!r p>ts ( ,engl&4 ,among o!r om5s ( dea? may be m5tion$ high spirits1 :i* h be5 suppos$ to presage imp5d+ dea?4 ,?us1 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7v4 #c71 ,romeo exclaims3 ,h[ (t1 :5 m5 are at ! po9t ( dea?1 ,h !y be5 m]ry6 :i* _! keep]s call ,a lightn+ be=e dea?4 ,?is idea is notic$ by ,ray1 :o ins]ts x z a prov]b1 ,x's a light5+ be=e dea?2 & adds ?is note3 ,?is is g5]ally obs]v$ ( sick p]sons1 t a little be=e !y die _! pa9s leave !m1 & _! und]/&+ & memory return to !m--z a c&le j be=e x goes out gives a great blaze4 ,x 0 also a sup]/iti\s notion t unusual mir? 0 a =]unn] ( adv]sity4 ,?us1 9 ! la/ act ( ,romeo & ,juliet 7sc4 #a7 ,romeo comes on1 say+3 ,if ,i may tru/ ! flatt]+ tru? ( sleep1 ,my dreams presage "s joyful news at h&3 ,my bosom's "l sits lightly 9 8 ?rone2 ,& all ?is day an unaccu/om'd _s ,lifts me above ! gr\nd ) *e]ful ?\ghts4 ,imm$iately1 h[ev]1 a mess5g] ent]s to ann\nce ,juliet's dea?4 ,9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7iii4 #b71 ,ha/+s is repres5t$ z ris+ 9 ! morn+ 9 unusually high spirits4 ,/anley says3 ,! lords at ,pomfret1 :5 !y rode f ,london1 ,7 jocund1 & suppos'd _! /ate 0 sure1 ,& !y1 inde$1 _h no cause to mi/ru/2 ,b yet1 y see1 h[ soon ! day o'erca/4 ,?is idea1 x may be not$1 runs ?r\gh\t ! :ole sc5e4 ,be=e d9n]-"t1 ,ha/+s 0 behead$4 ,once m1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iv4 #b71 ! same notion is allud$ to 9 ! foll[+ dialogue3 ,we/morel&4 ,heal? to my "l & g5tle c\s91 ,m[bray4 ,m[bray4 ,y wi% me heal? 9 v happy season2 ,= ,i am1 on ! sudd51 some?+ ill4 ,ar*bi%op4 ,aga9/ ill *ances m5 are ev] m]ry2 ,b heav9ess =]uns ! good ev5t4 ,we/morel&4 ,!re=e be m]ry1 coz2 s9ce sudd5 sorr[ ,s]ves to say ?us1 ',"s good ?+ comes to-morr[4' ,ar*bi%op4 ,believe me1 ,i am pass+ light 9 _s4 ,m[bray4 ,s mu* ! worse1 if y\r own rule be true4 ,tytl]1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,scotl&1 ?us speaks ( ! dea? ( ,k+ ,james ,i43 ,on ?is fatal ev5+ 7,feb4 #bj1 #adcg71 ! revels ( ! c\rt 7 kept up to a late h\r4 ,! pr9ce himself appe>s to h be5 9 unusually gay & *e]ful spirits4 ,he ev5 je/$1 if we may believe ! contempor>y manuscript1 ab\t a prophecy :i* _h decl>$ t a k+ t ye> %\ld be sla94 ,%elley /rongly ent]ta9$ ?is sup]/ition3 ,dur+ all ! "t he sp5t 9 ,leghorn1 he 0 9 brilliant spirits1 to him a sure progno/ic ( com+ evil4 ,aga91 x is a v common op9ion t dea? ann\nces its approa* by c]ta9 my/]i\s noises1 a notion1 inde$1 :i* may be trac$ up to ! "t ( ! ,romans1 :o believ$ t ! g5ius ( dea? ann\nc$ 8 approa* by "s sup]natural w>n+4 ,9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7iv4 #d71 ,troilus says3 ,h>k6 y are call'd3 "s say1 ! ,g5ius s ,cries ',come6' to him t in/antly mu/ die4 ,?is sup]/ition 0 frequ5tly made use ( by writ]s ( bygone times1 & (t5 s]v$ to embelli%1 ) t\*+ pa?os1 _! poetic s5tim5t4 ,?us ,flatman1 9 "s pretty l9es1 has embodi$ ?is ?\ght3 ,my s\l1 j n[ ab\t to take h] flight1 ,into ! regions ( et]nal night1 ,me?9ks ,i he> "s g5tle _s say1 ,be n fe>ful1 come away4 ,pope speaks 9 ! same /ra93 ,h>k6 !y :isp]1 angels say1 ,si/] _s1 come away4 ,%akespe>e1 too1 fur!r alludes to ?is idea 9 ,macbe? 7ii4 #c71 :]e1 x may be rememb]$1 ,l5nox graphically describes h[1 on ! awful night 9 :i* ,duncan is s basely murd]$3 ,our *imneys 7 bl[n d[n2 &1 z !y say1 ,lam5t+s he>d i' ! air2 /range screams ( dea?2 ,& prophesy+1 ) acc5ts t]rible1 ,( dire combu/ion1 & confus'd ev5ts1 ,new hat*'d to ! w(ul "t4 ,z 9 ,%akespe>e's day1 s1 too1 at ! pres5t "t1 !re is p]haps no sup]/ition s deeply root$ 9 ! m9ds ( _m p z ! belief 9 :at are popul>ly t]m$ dea?-w>n+s4 ,mod]n folk-lore holds ei!r t a knock+ or rumbl+ 9 ! floor is an om5 ( a dea? ab\t to happ51 or t dy+ p]sons !mselves ann\nce _! dissolution to _! fri5ds 9 su* /range s\nds4#gbh ,_m families are suppos$ to h p>ticul> w>n+s1 su* z ! appe>ance ( a bird1 ! figure ( a tall woman1 etc4 ,su*1 moreov]1 are n conf9$ to our own c\ntry1 b 9 a v>iety ( =ms are f\nd on ! ,cont95t4 ,accord+ to ano!r belief1 x 0 g5]ally suppos$ t :5 a man 0 on 8 dea?-b$ ! devil or 8 ag5ts tri$ to seize 8 s\l1 if x %\ld happ5 t he di$ )\t receiv+ ! sacram5t ( ! ,eu*>i/1 or )\t confess+ 8 s9s4 ,h5ce1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #c71 ! k+ says3 ,o1 beat away ! busy m$dl+ fi5d ,t lays /rong siege unto ?is wret*'s s\l1 ,& f 8 bosom purge ?is black despair4 #gbh ,tylor's ,primitive ,culture1 #ahgc1 vol4 i4 p4 #ade4 ,9 ! old ,(fice books ( ! ,*ur*1 ^! busy m$dl+ fi5ds are (t5 repres5t$ ) great anxiety besieg+ ! dy+ man2 b on ! approa* ( ! prie/ & 8 att5dants1 !y are %[n to display symptoms ( despair at _! imp5d+ discomfiture4 ,d\ce#gbi quotes f an anci5t manuscript book ( devotion1 writt5 9 ! reign ( ,h5ry ,,vi41 ! foll[+ pray] to ,/4 ,george3 ,judge = me :an ! mo/e h$y\s & damnable dragons ( helle %all be r$y to take my poore s\le & engl\te x 9 to !yr inf]nall belyes4 #gbi ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahbi1 pp4 #cbd-cbf4 ,"s ?9k t ! pass+-bell1 :i* 0 =m]ly toll$ = a p]son :o 0 dy+1 0 int5d$ to drive away ! evil _s t might be hov]+ ab\t to seize ! s\l ( ! deceas$4 ,its object1 h[ev]1 0 probably to bespeak ! pray]s ( ! fai?ful1 & to s]ve z a solemn w>n+ to ! liv+4 ,%akespe>e has giv5 sev]al t\*+ allusions to x4 ,?us1 9 ,sonnet lxxi4 he says3 ,no long] m\rn = me :5 ,i am dead1 ,?an y %all he> ! surly sull5 bell ,give w>n+ to ! _w t ,i am fl$ ,f ?is vile _w4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #a71 ,nor?umb]l& speaks 9 ! same /ra93 ,yet ! fir/ br+] ( unwelcome news ,ha? b a los+ (fice3 & 8 tongue ,s\nds ev] aft] z a sull5 bell1 ,rememb]'d knoll+ a dep>t+ fri5d4 ,we may quote a fur!r allusion 9 ,v5us & ,adonis 7l4 #gja73 ,& n[ 8 grief may be comp>$ well ,to "o sore sick t he>s ! pass+-bell4 ,9 a /atute pass$ dur+ ! reign ( ,h5ry ,,viii41 x is ord]$ t cl>ks are to r+ no m ?an ! pass+ bell = po>e p1 nor less = an hone/ h\sehold]1 & he be a citiz52 nor = *ildr51 maydes1 j\rneym51 appr5tices1 day-lab\r]s1 or any o!r po>e p]son4 ,9 #affb1 ! ,bi%op ( ,worce/]#gcj asks1 9 8 visitation *>ge3 ,do? ! p>i% cl]k or sexton take c>e to admoni% ! liv+1 by toll+ ( a pass+-bell1 ( any t are dy+1 !reby to m$itate ( _! own dea?s1 & to comm5d ! o!r's weak condition to ! m]cy ( ,god8 ,x 01 also1 call$ ! s\l-bell1 ^u :i* ,bi%op ,hall rem>ks3 ,we call x ! s\l-bell because x signifies ! dep>ture ( ! s\l1 n because x helps ! passage ( ! s\l4 ,ray1 9 8 ,collection ( ,prov]bs1 has ! foll[+ c\plet3 ,:5 ?\ do/ he> a toll or knell ,!n ?9k ^u ?y pass+-bell4 #gcj ,annals ( ,worce/]1 #ahde4 ,x 0 =m]ly cu/om>y to draw away ! pill[ f "u ! heads ( dy+ p]sons1 s z to accel]ate _! dep>ture--an allusion to :i* we f9d 9 ,timon ( ,a!ns 7iv4 #c71 :]e ,timon says3 ,pluck /\t m5's pill[s f bel[ _! heads4 ,?is1 no d\bt1 orig9at$ 9 ! notion t a p]son _c die happily on a b$ made ( pigeons' fea!rs4 ,grose says3 ,x is impossible = a p]son to die :il/ re/+ on a pill[ /uff$ ) ! fea!rs ( a dove2 b t he w /ruggle ) dea? 9 ! mo/ exquisite torture4 ,! pill[s ( dy+ p]sons are !re=e frequ5tly tak5 away :5 !y appe> 9 great agonies1 le/ !y may h pigeon's fea!rs 9 !m4 ,inde$1 9 ,lanca%ire1 ?is practice is c>ri$ to su* an ext5t t "s w n all[ dy+ p]sons to lie on a fea!r b$1 because !y hold t x v mu* increases _! pa9 & suff]+1 & actually ret>ds _! dep>ture4#gca #gca ,h>l& & ,wilk9son's ,lanca%ire ,folk-,lore1 #ahfi1 p4 #bfh2 see ,engli% ,folk-,lore1 #ahgh1 pp4 #ii1 #ajj2 also ,notes & ,qu]ies1 #a/ s]ies1 vol4 iv4 p4 #acc4 ,! dep>ture ( ! human s\l f ?is _w1 & its j\rney to its untri$ future1 h become int]wov5 ) an ext5sive network ( sup]/itions1 v>y+ m or less 9 e c\ntry & tribe4 ,%akespe>e has allud$ to ! num]\s de/9ations ( ! disembodi$ _s1 enum]at+ ! _m ideas preval5t 9 8 "t on ! subject4 ,9 ,measure = ,measure 7iii4 #a71 ,claudio ?us speaks3 ,ay1 b to die1 & g we "k n :]e2 ,to lie 9 cold ob/ruction & to rot2 ,?is s5sible w>m motion to become ,a knead$ clod2 & ! delight$ _s ,to ba! 9 fi]y floods1 or to reside ,9 ?rill+ region ( ?ick-ribb$ ice2 ,to be imprison'd 9 ! viewless w9ds1 ,& bl[n ) re/less viol5ce r\nd ab\t ,! p5d5t _w4#gcb #gcb ,cf4 ,milton's ,p>adise ,lo/1 v4 #eie-fhc4 ,we may comp>e also ! p[]ful language ( ,o!llo 7v4 #b73 ,?is look ( ?9e w hurl my s\l f heav51 ,& fi5ds w snat* at x4 ,cold1 cold1 my girl6 ,ev5 l ?y *a/ity4-- ,o curs$1 curs$ slave6 ,:ip me1 ye devils1 ,f ! possession ( ?is heav5ly sight6 ,bl[ me ab\t 9 w9ds6 roa/ me 9 sulphur6 ,wa% me 9 /eep-d[n gulfs ( liquid fire6 ,o ,desdemona6 ,desdemona6 dead6 ,d\ce#gcc says t 9 ! =m] passage x is difficult to decide :e!r ,%akespe>e is allud+ to ! pa9s ( hell or purgatory4 ,bo? passages are obscure1 & h giv5 rise to mu* criticism4 ,x seems probable1 h[ev]1 t :ile p>tly ref]r+ to ! notions ( ! "t1 relat+ to dep>t$ s\ls1 ,%akespe>e has 9 a great measure incorporat$ ! ideas ( :at he _h read 9 books ( ,ca?olic div9ity4 ,! passages quot$ above rem9d u ( ! leg5d ( ,/4 ,patrick's purgatory1 :]e m5tion is made ( a lake ( ice & sn[ into :i* p]sons 7 plung$ up to _! necks2 & ( ! description ( hell giv5 9 ! ,%eph]d's ,cal5d>3 a great fro/e 9 a wat] r\nes ,& aft] a bytt] wynde comes ,:i* go! ?r\gh ! s\les ) eyre2 ,f5ds ) pokes pulle !yr fles%e ysondre1 ,!y fight & curse1 & e*e on o!r wond]4 #gcc ,see ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 pp4 #hb1 #hc4 ,we _c "h ent]1 h[ev]1 into ! mass ( my/ic details respect+ ! s\l's dread j\rney#gcd by cav]ns & rocky pa?s & we>y pla9s1 ov] /eep & slipp]y m\nta9s1 by frail bank or giddy bridge1 across gulfs or ru%+ riv]s1 abid+ ! fi]ce onset ( ! s\l-de/roy] or ! doom ( ! /]n gu>dian ( ! o!r _w4 ,few subjects1 inde$1 h af=d$ great] scope = ! imag9ation ?an ! h]eaft] ( ! human s\l1 & h5ce1 z might be expect$1 num]\s my?s h be5 inv5t$ 9 mo/ c\ntries to acc\nt = its my/]i\s dep>ture 9 ! h\r ( dea?1 f ! _w ( liv+ m5 to its unse51 unkn[n home 9 ! di/ant l& ( spirits4 #gcd ,tylor's ,primitive ,culture1 vol4 ii4 p4 #df4 ,%akespe>e sev]al times uses ! ^w limbo 9 a g5]al signification = hell1 z 9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7iii4 #a73 ,z f> f help z limbo is f bliss4 ,& 9 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well 7v4 #c71 ,p>olles says3 =1 inde$1 he 0 mad = h]1 & talk$ ( ,satan1 & ( limbo1 & ( furies1 & ,i "k n :at4 ,9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7v4 #d71 9 ,limbo ,patrum is jocul>ly put = a prison2 &1 aga91 9 ,com$y ( ,errors 7iv4 #b71 he's 9 ,t>t> limbo4 ,accord+ to ! s*oolm51 ,limbus ,patrum 0 ! place1 bord]+ on hell1 :]e ! s\ls ( ! patri>*s & sa9ts ( ! ,old ,te/am5t rema9$ till ! dea? ( ,*ri/1 :o1 desc5d+ into hell1 set !m free4#gce #gce ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #bdf4 ,"o ( ! puni%m5ts inv5t$ ( old = ! covet\s & av>ici\s1 9 hell1 0 to h melt$ gold p\r$ d[n _! ?roats1 to :i* allusion is made by ,flam9ius1 9 ,timon ( ,a!ns 7iii4 #a71 :o1 d5\nc+ ,lucullus = 8 mean ins9c]ity t[>ds 8 fri5d ,timon1 exclaims1 on reject+ ! bribe (f]$ him to tell 8 ma/] t he _h n se5 him3 ,may ^! add to ! numb] t may scald !e6 ,let molt5 co9 be ?y damnation4 ,9 ! ,%eph]d's ,cal5d>1 ,laz>us decl>es himself to h se5 covet\s m5 & wom5 9 hell dipp$ 9 caldrons ( molt5 lead4 ,malone quotes ! foll[+ f an old black-lett] ballad ( ,! ,dead ,man's ,song3 ,ladles full ( melt$ gold ,7 p\r$ d[n _! ?roats4 ,crassus 0 s puni%$ by ! ,p>?ians4#gcf #gcf ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 #ahge1 vol4 viii4 p4 #bia4 ,!re is possibly a fur!r allusion to ?is imag9>y puni%m5t 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7ii4 #e71 :]e ,cleopatra says to ! mess5g]3 ,b1 sirrah1 m>k1 we use ,to say1 ! dead are well3 br+ x to t1 ,! gold ,i give !e w ,i melt1 & p\r ,d[n ?y ill-utt]+ ?roat4 ,accord+ to a well-kn[n sup]/ition among sailors1 x is consid]$ highly unlucky to keep a corpse on bo>d1 9 case ( a dea? at sea4 ,?us1 9 ,p]icles 7iii4 #a71 ?is piece ( folk-lore is allud$ to3 #a ,sailor4 ,sir1 y\r que5 mu/ ov]bo>d2 ! sea works high1 ! w9d is l\d1 & w n lie till ! %ip be cle>$ ( ! dead4 ,p]icles4 ,t's y\r sup]/ition4 #a ,sailor4 ,p>don u1 sir2 ) u at sea x ha? be5 /ill obs]v$2 & we are /rong 9 cu/om4 ,!re=e briefly yield h]2 = %e mu/ ov]bo>d /raight4 ,x 0 also a popul> op9ion t dea? is delay$ until ! ebb ( ! tide--a sup]/ition to :i* ,mrs4 ,quickly ref]s 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7ii4 #c72 speak+ ( ,fal/aff's dea?1 %e says3 ',a made a f9] end1 & w5t away1 an x _h be5 any *ri/om *ild2 'a p>t$ ev5 j betwe5 twelve & "o1 ev5 at ! turn+ o' ! tide4 ,h5ce1 9 cases ( sickness1 _m pret5d$ t !y c\ld =etell ! h\r ( ! s\l's dep>ture4 ,x may be rememb]$ h[ ,mr4 ,peggotty expla9$ to ,david ,copp]field1 by poor ,b>kis's b$side1 t p c't die along ! coa/ except :5 ! tide's pretty nigh out4 ,!y c't be born unless x's pretty nigh 9--n prop]ly born till flood4 ,he's a-go+ out ) ! tide--he's a-go+ out ) ! tide4 ,x's ebb at half art] ?ree1 slack-wat] half an h\r4 ,if he lives till x turns he'll hold 8 own till pa/ ! flood1 & g out ) ! next tide4 ,mr4 ,h5d]son#gcg quotes f ! p>i% regi/] ( ,heslidon1 ne> ,h>tlepool1 ! subjo9$ extracts ( old date1 9 :i* ! /ate ( ! tide at ! "t ( dea? is m5tion$3 ,! xi? daye ( ,maye1 ,a4,d4 #aeie1 at vi4 ( ye clocke 9 ! morn+e1 be+ full wat]1 ,mr4 ,h5rye ,mit=d1 ( ,hoolam1 di$ at ,newca/el1 & 0 buri$ ! xvi? daie1 be+ ,sondaie1 at ev5+ pray]1 ! hir$ prea*] maid ye s]mon4 ,! xvii? daie ( ,maie1 at xii4 ( ye clock at noon1 be+ l[e wat]1 ,mrs4 ,b>b>a ,mit=d di$1 & 0 buri$ ! xviii? daie ( ,maie1 at ix4 ( ! clocke4 ,mr4 ,holswor? maid ye s]mon4 #gcg ,folk-,lore ( ,nor!rn ,c\nties1 #ahhj1 p4 #eh4 ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,h5d]son1 ?is belief is common along ! ea/ coa/ ( ,engl&1 f ,nor?umb]l& to ,k5t4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t !re may be "s slight f\ndation = ?is belief 9 ! *ange ( temp]ature :i* und\bt$ly takes place on ! *ange ( tide1 & :i* may act on ! flick]+ sp>k ( life1 ext+ui%+ x z ! ebb+ sea rec$es4 ,we may comp>e1 too1 ! foll[+ passage 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iv4 #d71 :]e ,cl>5ce1 speak+ ( ! approa*+ dea? ( ! k+1 says3 ,! riv] ha? ?rice fl['d1 no ebb betwe52 ,& ! old folk1 "t's dot+ *ronicles1 ,say x did s a little "t be=e ,t our great gr&sire1 ,edw>d1 sick'd & di$4 ,?is 0 an hi/orical fact1 hav+ happ5$ on ,octob] #ab1 #adaa4 ,! pray]s ( ! ,*ur*1 :i* are us$ = ! recov]y ( ! sick1 71 9 ! old5 "t1 also suppos$ to h a morbific influ5ce1 to :i* ,glo/] attributes ! dea? ( ! k+ 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #a73 ,! *ur*6 :]e is x8 ,_h n *ur*m5 pray'd1 ,8 ?read ( life _h n s soon decay'd4 ,once m1 ! cu/om ( clos+ ! eyes at ! mom5t ( dea? is t\*+ly ref]r$ to 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7v4 #b71 :]e ,*>mian may be suppos$ to close ,cleopatra's eyes3 ,d[ny w9d[s1 close2 ,& gold5 ,phoebus nev] be beheld ,( eyes aga9 s royal4 ,pass+ on f t solemn mom5t 9 human life :5 ! s\l takes its flight f ! fragile t5em5t ( clay t conta9$ x dur+ its e>?ly exi/5ce1 we f9d t1 ev5 among ! l[e/ savages1 !re has g5]ally be5 a c]ta9 respect paid to ! dead body2 &1 consequ5tly1 v>i\s sup]/iti\s rites h1 f "t to "t1 be5 associat$ ) its burial1 :i* has be5 s appropriately t]m$ ! la/ act4 ,:ile occasionally speak+ ( dea?1 ,%akespe>e has n only pictur$ its solemnity 9 ! mo/ p[]ful & gl[+ language1 b1 z opportunity all[$1 giv5 u a slight insight into ^? cu/oms t =m]ly prevail$ 9 connection ) ! committal ( ! body to its f9al re/+-place 9 ! grave4 ,at ! pres5t day1 :5 !re is an ev]-gr[+ t5d5cy to disc>d & =get1 z irrational & fooli%1 ! cu/oms ( bygone ye>s1 x is int]e/+ to f9d *ronicl$1 = all future "t1 9 ! immortal pages ( our illu/ri\s poet1 ^? sup]/iti\s rites & social usages :i* may be said to h be5 mo/ intimately id5tifi$ ) ! age to :i* !y belong$4 ,"o cu/om1 p]haps1 t w always reta9 its old hold among u--s long z we cont9ue to bury ! rema9s ( our dep>t$ ones--is ! scatt]+ ( fl[]s on _! graves2 a practice1 inde$1 :i* may be trac$ up to pagan times4 ,x is frequ5tly m5tion$ by ,%akespe>e 9 "s ( 8 sup]b passages2 z1 = in/ance1 9 ,cymbel9e 7iv4 #b71 :]e ,arviragus says3 ,) faire/ fl[]s1 ,:il/ summ] la/s1 & ,i live "h1 ,fidele1 ,i'll sweet5 ?y sad grave3 ?\ %alt n lack ,! fl[] t's l ?y face1 pale primrose1 nor ,! azur'd h>e-bell1 l ?y ve9s2 no1 nor ,! leaf ( eglant9e1 :om n to sl&]1 ,out-sweet5'd n ?y brea?4 99 99 99 99 99 ,yea1 & furr'd moss besides1 :5 fl[]s are none1 ,to w9t]-gr\nd ?y corse4 ,9 ,hamlet 7iv4 #e71 ! poor1 bewild]$ ,ophelia s+s3 ,l>d$ ) sweet fl[]s2 ,:i* bewept to ! grave did g ,) true-love %[]s4 ,!n1 fur!r on 7v4 #a71 !re is ! affect+ fl[]-/rew+ sc5e1 :]e ! ,que51 /&+ ov] ! grave ( ,ophelia1 bids h] a long f>ewell3 ,sweets to ! sweet3 f>ewell6 ,i hop'd ?\ %\ld'/ h be5 my ,hamlet's wife2 ,i ?\ght ?y bride-b$ to h deck'd1 sweet maid1 ,& n h /rew'd ?y grave4 ,9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iv4 #e71 ,capulet says3 ,our bridal fl[]s s]ve = a buri$ corse4 ,& fur!r on 7v4 #c7 ! ,page says3 ,he came ) fl[]s to /rew 8 lady's grave4#gch #gch ,cf4 ,w9t]'s ,tale1 iv4 #d4 ,once m1 9 ,p]icles 7iv4 #a71 ,m>9a is introduc$1 ent]+ ) a basket ( fl[]s1 utt]+ ^! sad words3 ,no1 ,i w rob ,tellus ( h] we$1 ,to /rew ?y gre5 ) fl[]s2 ! yell[s1 blues1 ,! purple violets1 & m>igolds1 ,%all1 z a c>pet1 hang ^u ?y grave1 ,:ile summ] days d la/4 ,fl[]s1 :i* s soon droop & )]1 are1 inde$1 sweet emblems ( t brief life :i* is ! portion ( mank9d 9 ?is _w1 :ile1 at ! same "t1 _! exquisite beauty is a fur!r type ( ! glory t awaits ! r$eem$ h]eaft]1 :51 l fair fl[]s1 !y %all bur/ =? 9 unspeakable gr&eur on ! resurrection morn4 ,!re is a pretty cu/om obs]v$ 9 ,s\? ,wales on ,palm ,sunday1 ( spread+ fre% fl[]s ^u ! graves ( fri5ds & relatives1 ! day be+ call$ ,fl[]+ ,sunday4 ,! practice ( decorat+ ! corpse is m5tion$ by _m old writ]s4 ,9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iv4 #e71 ,fri> ,laur5ce says3 ,dry up y\r te>s1 & /ick y\r rosem>y ,on ?is fair corse2 &1 z ! cu/om is1 ,9 all h] be/ array be> h] to *ur*4 ,que5 ,ka?>9e1 9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7iv4 #b71 directs3 ,:5 ,i am dead1 good w5*1 ,let me be u'd ) hon\r3 /rew me ov] ,) maid5 fl[]s4 ,x 0 =m]ly cu/om>y1 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ,engl&1 to h a g>l& ( fl[]s & sweet h]bs c>ri$ be=e a maid5's c(f91 & aft]w>ds to susp5d x 9 ! *ur*4 ,9 allusion to ?is practice1 ! ,prie/1 9 ,hamlet 7v4 #a71 says3 ,yet "h %e is all['d h] virg9 crants1 ,h] maid5 /rewm5ts1 & ! br++ home ,( bell & burial4 --crants#gci mean+ g>l&s4 ,x may be not$ t no o!r in/ance has be5 f\nd ( ?is ^w 9 ,engli%4 ,^! g>l&s are ?us describ$ by ,gay3 ,to h] sweet mem'ry fl['ry g>l&s /rung1 ,on h] n[ empty seat al(t 7 hung4 #gci ,! ^w 9 ,g]man is kranz1 9 o!r ,teutonic dialects krants1 krans1 & crance--! latt] be+ ,l[l& ,scot*--& hav+ cransies = plural4 ,cl>k & ,wright's ,hamlet1 #ahgf1 p4 #baf4 ,ni*ols1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,lanca%ire 7vol4 ii4 pt4 i4 p4 #chb71 speak+ ( ,wal?am1 9 ,framl& ,hundr$1 says3 ,9 ?is *ur*1 "u e ar*1 a g>l& is susp5d$1 "o ( :i* is cu/om>ily plac$ !re :5ev] any "y unm>ri$ woman dies4 ,br&#gdj tells u he saw 9 ! *ur*es ( ,wols+ham & ,/anhope1 9 ! c\nty ( ,durham1 specim5s ( ^! g>l&s2 ! =m ( a woman's glove1 cut 9 :ite pap]1 be+ hung 9 ! c5tre ( ea* ( !m4 #gdj ,pop4 ,antiq4 vol4 ii4 p4 #cjc4 ,! fun]als ( knights & p]sons ( rank 71 9 ,%akespe>e's day1 p]=m$ ) great c]emony & o/5tation4 ,sir ,john ,hawk9s obs]ves t ! sword1 ! helmet1 ! gauntlets1 spurs1 & tab>d are /ill hung ov] ! grave ( e knight4 ,9 ,hamlet 7iv4 #e71 ,la]tes speaks ( ?is cu/om3 ,8 means ( dea?1 8 obscure burial1-- ,no trophy1 sword1 nor hat*m5t1 o'er 8 bones1 ,no noble rite1 nor =mal o/5tation1-- ,cry to be he>d1 z 'tw]e f heav5 to e>?1 ,t ,i mu/ call't 9 "q4 ,aga91 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iv4 #aj71 ,id5 says3 ,is't ,cade t ,i h sla91 t mon/r\s traitor8 ,sword1 ,i w hall[ !e = ?is ?y de$1 ,& hang !e o'er my tomb :5 ,i am dead4 ,! cu/om ( be>+ ! dead body 9 its ord9>y habilim5ts1 & ) ! face uncov]$--a practice ref]r$ to 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iv4 #a7--;appe>s to h be5 peculi> to ,italy3 ,!n1 z ! mann] ( our c\ntry is1 ,9 ?y be/ robes uncov]'d on ! bi]1 ,?\ %alt be borne to t same anci5t vault ,:]e all ! k9dr$ ( ! ,capulets lie4 ,9 ,coryat's ,crudities 7#aggf1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bg7 ! practice is ?us describ$3 ,! burials are s /range1 bo? 9 ,v5ice & all o!r cities1 t[ns1 & p>i%es ( ,italy1 t !y diff] n only f ,engl&1 b f all o!r nations :atev] 9 ,*ri/5dom4 ,= !y c>ry ! corse to *ur* ) ! face1 h&s1 & feet all nak$1 & we>+ ! same app>el t ! p]son wore lately be=e he di$1 or t :i* he crav$ to be buri$ 92 :i* app>el is int]r$ toge!r ) ! body4#gda ,s+]#gdb says t ,%akespe>e no d\bt _h se5 ?is cu/om p>ticul>ly describ$ 9 ! ,tragicall ,hi/ory ( ,romeus & ,juliet3 ,ano!r use !re is1 t1 :osoev] dies1 ,borne to ! *ur*1 ) op5 face1 ^u ! bi] he lies1 ,9 wont$ we$ attir'd1 n wrapt 9 w9d+ %eet4 #gda ,see ,/aunton's ,%akespe>e1 #ahfd1 vol4 i4 p4 #cje4 #gdb ,%akespe>e1 #ahge1 vol4 ix4 pp4 #bji1 #baj4 ,he alludes to x aga9 9 ,ophelia's song1 9 ,hamlet 7iv4 #e73 ,!y bore him b>efac'd on ! bi]4 ,x 01 9 bygone times1 cu/om>y to bury ! ,dani% k+s 9 _! armor2 h5ce ! rem>k ( ,hamlet 7i4 #d71 :5 address+ ! ,gho/3 ,:at may ?is mean1 ,t ?\1 dead corse1 aga91 9 complete /eel1 ,revisit'/ ?us ! glimpses ( ! moon1 ,mak+ night hide\s8 ,%akespe>e 0 probably guilty ( an ana*ronism 9 ,coriolanus 7v4 #f7 :5 he makes "o ( ! lords say3 ,be> f h5ce 8 body1 ,& m\rn y = him3 let him be reg>d$ ,z ! mo/ noble corse t ev] h]ald ,did foll[ to 8 urn1 ! allusion be+ to ! public fun]al ( ,engli% pr9ces1 at ! conclusion ( :i* a h]ald proclaim$ ! /yle ( ! deceas$4 ,we may comp>e :at ,que5 ,ka?>9e says 9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7iv4 #b73 ,aft] my dea? ,i wi% no o!r h]ald1 ,no o!r speak] ( my liv+ actions1 ,to keep my hon\r f corruption1 ,b su* an hone/ *ronicl] z ,griffi?4 ,x seems to h be5 ! fa%ion1 z f> back z ! ?irte5? c5tury1 to ornam5t ! tombs ( em95t p]sons ) figures & inscriptions on plates ( brass2 h5ce1 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7i4 #a71 ! ,k+ says3 ,let fame1 t all hunt aft] 9 _! lives1 ,live regi/]'d ^u our braz5 tombs4 ,9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7v4 #a71 ,leonato1 speak+ ( 8 daught]'s dea?1 says3 ,hang h] an epitaph ^u h] tomb1 ,& s+ x to h] bones3 s+ x to-night4 ,& also 9 a previ\s sc5e 7iv4 #a7 ?is graceful cu/om is notic$3 ,ma9ta9 a m\rn+ o/5tation1 ,& on y\r family's old monum5t ,hang m\rnful epitaphs4 ,x 0 also ! cu/om1 9 ye>s gone by1 on ! dea? ( an em95t p]son1 = 8 fri5ds to compose %ort laudatory v]ses1 epitaphs1 etc41 & to affix !m to ! he>se or grave ) p9s1 wax1 pa/e1 etc4 ,?us1 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7i4 #b71 ,k+ ,h5ry decl>es3 ,ei!r our hi/ory %all ) full m\? ,speak freely ( our acts1 or else our grave1 ,l ,turki% mute1 %all h a tongueless m\?1 ,n wor%ipp'd ) a wax5 epitaph1 mean+1 says ,gif=d1 ,i w ei!r h my full hi/ory record$ ) glory1 or lie 9 an undi/urb$ grave2 n m]ely )\t an inscription sculptur$ 9 /one1 b unwor%ipp$1 unhon\r$1 ev5 by a wax5 epitaph4#gdc #gdc ,notes on ,jonson's ,works1 vol4 ix4 p4 #eh4 ,we may also comp>e :at ,lucius says 9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7i4 #a73 ,!re lie ?y bones1 sweet ,mutius1 ) ?y fri5ds1 ,till we ) trophies d adorn ?y tomb6 ,! cu/om 0 /ill g5]al :5 ,%akespe>e liv$2 _m f9e & int]e/+ examples exi/+ 9 ! old ,ca!dral ( ,/4 ,paul's1 & o!r *ur*es ( ,london1 d[n to ! "t ( ! great fire1 9 ! =m ( p5sil-tables ( wood & metal1 pa9t$ or engrav$ ) poetical memorials1 susp5d$ aga9/ ! columns & walls4 ,fea/s ( ! ,dead1 :i* h prevail$ 9 ?is & o!r c\ntries f ! e>lie/ times1 are1 accord+ to "s antiqu>ians1 suppos$ to h be5 borr[$ f ! cna f]alis ( ! ,romans--an (f]+1 consi/+ ( milk1 honey1 w9e1 olives1 & /rew$ fl[]s1 to ! gho/ ( ! deceas$4 ,9 a v>iety ( =ms ?is cu/om has prevail$ among mo/ nations--! idea be+ t ! spirits ( ! dead fe$ on ! vi&s set be=e !m2 h5ce ! rite 9 "q embrac$ ! notion ( a sacrifice4 ,9 ,*ri/ian times1 h[ev]1 ^! fun]al (f]+s h pass$ into commemorative banquets1 "u :i* =m !y /ill exi/ among u4 ,9 allusion to ^! fea/s1 ,hamlet 7i4 #b71 speak+ ( 8 "m's m>riage1 says3 ,! fun]al bak'd meats ,did coldly furni% =? ! m>riage tables4 ,aga91 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iv4 #e71 ,capulet n>rates h[3 ,all ?+s t we orda9$ fe/ival1 ,turn f _! (fice to black fun]al3 ,our in/rum5ts1 to melan*oly bells2 ,our w$d+ *e]1 to a sad burial fea/4 ,mr4 ,tylor1#gdd 9 discuss+ ! orig9 ( fun]al fea/s1 & 9 trac+ _! orig9 back to ! savage & b>b>ic times ( ! in/itution ( fea/ ( dep>t$ s\ls1 says we may f9d a l+]+ survival ( ?is old rite 9 ! doles ( bread & dr9k giv5 to ! poor at fun]als1 & s\l-mass cakes1 :i* peasant girls beg = at f>mh\ses1 ) ! traditional =mula1 ,s\l1 s\l1 = a s\l cake1 ,pray y1 mi/ress1 a s\l cake4#gde #gdd ,primitive ,culture1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dc4 #gde ,see ,briti% ,popul> ,cu/oms1 p4 #djd2 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #bcg1 #bdf2 ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 p4 #dci4 ,9 ! ,nor? ( ,engl& ! fun]al fea/ is call$ an arval1 & ! loaves t are sometimes di/ribut$ among ! poor are t]m$ arval bread4 ,among o!r fun]al cu/oms m5tion$ by ,%akespe>e1 may be m5tion$ 8 allusion to ! burial s]vice4 ,orig9ally1 be=e ! reign ( ,edw>d ,,vi41 x 0 ! practice = ! prie/ to ?r[ e>? on ! body 9 ! =m ( a cross1 & !n to spr9kle x ) holy wat]4 ,?us1 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #d71 ! ,%eph]d says3 ,"s hangman mu/ put on my %r\d1 & lay me ,:]e no prie/ %ovels 9 du/1 imply+1 ,i mu/ be buri$ z a common malefactor1 out ( ! pale ( consecrat$ gr\nd1 & )\t ! usual rites ( ! dead--a :imsical ana*ronism1 z ,mr4 ,d\ce#gdf po9ts out1 :5 x is consid]$ t ! old ,%eph]d 0 a pagan1 a wor%ipp] ( ,jupit] & ,apollo4 #gdf ,see ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 p4 #bbb4 ,9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7i4 #c71 we f9d an allusion to ! la*rymatory vials fill$ ) te>s :i* ! ,romans 7 9 ! habit ( plac+ 9 ! tomb ( a dep>t$ fri5d4 ,cleopatra sorr[fully exclaims3 ,o mo/ false love6 ,:]e be ! sacr$ vials ?\ %\ld/ fill ,) sorr[ful wat]8 ,n[ ,i see1 ,i see1 ,9 ,fulvia's dea?1 h[ m9e receiv'd %all be4 ,?is is ano!r int]e/+ in/ance ( ,%akespe>e's k ( ! mann]s ( di/ant ages1 %[+ h[ v>i$ & ext5sive 8 k 01 & 8 skill 9 apply+ x :5ev] occasion requir$4 ,! w9d+ or %r\d+ %eet1 9 :i* ! body 0 wrapp$ previ\s to its burial1 is allud$ to 9 ,hamlet 7v4 #a71 9 ! song ( ! cl[n3 ,a pick-axe1 & a spade1 a spade1 ,= & a %r\d+ %eet3 ,o1 a pit ( clay = to be made ,= su* a gue/ is meet4 ,aga91 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7v4 #a71 ,puck says3 ! scree*-owl1 scree*+ l\d1 ,puts ! wret* t lies 9 woe ,9 remembrance ( a %r\d4 ,ophelia speaks ( ! %r\d z :ite z ! m\nta9 sn[ 7,hamlet1 iv4 #e74 ,! foll[+ song1 too1 9 ,twelf? ,night 7ii4 #d71 m5tions ! cu/om ( /ick+ yew 9 ! %r\d3 ,come away1 come away1 dea?1 ,& 9 sad cypress let me be laid2 ,fly away1 fly away1 brea?3 ,i am sla9 by a fair cruel maid4 ,my %r\d ( :ite1 /uck all ) yew1 ,o prep>e x6 ,my "p ( dea?1 no "o s true ,did %>e x6 ,to quote two fur!r illu/rations4 ,desdemona 7,o!llo1 iv4 #b7 says to ,emilia3 ,lay on my b$ my w$d+-%eets1 & :5 9 ! foll[+ sc5e ,emilia answ]s3 ,i h laid ^? %eets y bade me on ! b$1 ,desdemona adds3 ,if ,i d die be=e !e1 pr'!e1 %r\d me ,9 "o ( ^? same %eets --a wi%1 inde$1 :i* h] cruel fate s spe$ily caus$ to be realiz$4 ,& 9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #a7 we h ,k+ ,h5ry's p[]ful words3 ,?9k'/ ?\1 t ,i w leave my k+ly ?rone1 ,:]e9 my gr&sire & my fa!r sat8 ,no3 fir/ %all w> unpeople ?is my realm2 ,ay1 & _! col\rs1--(t5 borne 9 ,france1 ,& n[ 9 ,engl&1 to our he>t's great sorr[1-- ,%all be my w9d+-%eet4 ,! cu/om1 /ill preval5t1 ( c>ry+ ! dead to ! grave ) music--a practice :i* exi/$ 9 ! primitive *ur*--to d5ote t !y h end$ _! spiritual w>f>e1 & are become conqu]ors1 =m]ly exi/$ v g5]ally 9 ?is c\ntry4#gdg ,9 ,cymbel9e 7iv4 #b71 ,arviragus says3 ,& let u1 ,polydore1 ?\gh n[ our voices ,h got ! manni% crack1 s+ him to ! gr\nd1 ,z once our "m2 use l note & words1 ,save t ,euriphile mu/ be ,fidele4 #gdg ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol ii4 pp4 #bfg-bgj4 ,! toll+ ( bells at fun]als is ref]r$ to 9 ,hamlet 7v4 #a71 :]e ! prie/ says ( ,ophelia3 %e is all['d h] virg9 crants1 ,h] maid5 /rewm5ts1 & ! br++ home ,( bell & burial4 ,x has be5 a curr5t op9ion = c5turies t places ( burial are haunt$ ) spectres & app>itions--a notion1 inde$1 t prevail$ z f> back z ! times ( hea!nism4 ,ovid speaks ( gho/s com+ out ( _! sepul*res & w&]+ ab\t3 & ,v]gil1 quot+ ! popul> op9ion ( 8 "t1 tells u h[ ,mo]is c\ld call ! gho/s out ( _! sepul*res 7,bucol4 viii4 #ih73 ,mo]im1 spe animas imis excire sepul*ris1 ,atque satas alio vidi traduc]e messis4 ,inde$1 ! idea ( ! gho/ rema9+ ne> ! corpse is ( _w-wide preval5ce2 & z ,mr4 ,tylor#gdh po9ts out1 ?r\gh all ! *anges ( religi\s ?\ght f fir/ to la/1 9 ! c\rse ( human hi/ory1 ! hov]+ gho/s ( ! dead make ! midnight burial-gr\nd a place :]e m5's fle% creeps ) t]ror4 ,9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7v4 #a71 ,puck decl>es3 ,n[ x is ! "t ( night1 ,t ! graves1 all gap+ wide1 ,e "o lets =? 8 sprite1 ,9 ! *ur*-way pa?s to glide4 #gdh ,primitive ,culture1 vol4 ii4 p4 #cj4 ,9 ! same play1 too 7iii4 #b71 ,puck1 speak+ ( ,aurora's h>b+]1 says3 ,at ^: approa*1 gho/s1 w&]+ "h & !re1 ,troop home to *ur*y>ds3 damn$ spirits all1 ,t 9 cross-ways & floods h burial1 ,already to _! wormy b$s are gone2 ,= fe> le/ day %\ld look _! %ames ^u4 ,9 ?is passage two curi\s sup]/itions are describ$2 ! gho/s ( self-murd]]s1 :o are buri$ 9 cross-roads1 & ( ^? :o h be5 dr[n$ at sea1 be+ said to w&] = a hundr$ ye>s1 ow+ to ! rites ( sepulture hav+ nev] be5 prop]ly be/[$ on _! bodies4 ,we may fur!r comp>e ,hamlet's words 7iii4 #b73 ',tis n[ ! v wit*+ "t ( night1 ,:5 *ur*y>ds yawn1 & hell itself brea!s out ,contagion to ?is _w4 ,f ! e>lie/ p]iod mu* importance has be5 atta*$ to ! position ( ! grave1 ! popul> direction be+ f ea/ to we/1 t f nor? to s\? be+ reg>d$ z n only di%onorable1 b unlucky4 ,?us1 9 ,cymbel9e 7iv4 #b71 ,guid]ius1 :5 arrang+ ab\t ! app>5tly dead body ( ,imog51 disguis$ 9 man's app>el1 says3 ,nay1 ,cadwal1 we mu/ lay 8 head to ! ea/2 ,my fa!r _h a reason ='t4 ,inde$1 ! fam\s antiqu>y ,he>ne _h su* precise views 9 ?is matt] t he left ord]s = 8 grave to be made /raight by a compass1 due ea/ & we/4 ,?is cu/om 0 practis$ by ! anci5t ,greeks1 & ?us1 z ,mr4 ,tylor po9ts out1#gdi x is n to late & isolat$ fancy1 b to ! c>ry+ on ( anci5t & widespread sol> ideas1 t we trace ! well-kn[n leg5d t ! body ( ,*ri/ 0 laid ) ! head t[>ds ! we/1 ?us look+ ea/w>d1 & ! ,*ri/ian usage ( digg+ graves ea/ & we/1 :i* prevail$ ?r\gh m$ival times1 & is n yet =gott54 ,! rule ( lay+ ! head to ! we/1 & its mean+ t ! dead %all rise look+ t[>ds ! ea/1 are p]fectly /at$ 9 ! foll[+ passage f an ecclesia/ical treatise ( ! #af? c5tury3#gej ,debet autem quis sic sepeliri ut capite ad occid5tem posito1 p$es dirigat ad ,ori5tem1 9 quo quasi ipsa positione orat3 et innuit quod promptus e/1 ut de occasu fe/9et ad ortum3 de mundo ad seculum4#gea #gdi ,primitive ,culture1 #ahgc1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dbc4 #gej ,dur&us1 ,de ,(ficio ,mortuorum1 lib4 vii4 *ap4 #ce-ci4 #gea ,dr4 ,johnson ?\ght ! words ( ! cl[n 9 ,hamlet 7v4 #a71 make h] grave /raight1 meant1 make h] grave f ea/ to we/1 9 a direct l9e p>allel to ! *ur*4 ,?is int]pretation seems improbable1 z ! ^w /raight 9 ! s5se ( imm$iately occurs frequ5tly 9 ,%akespe>e's plays4 ,)9 old monum5ts & receptacles = ! dead p]petual lamps 7 suppos$ to be light$ up1 an allusion to :i* is made by ,p]icles 7iii4 #a71 :o1 deplor+ ! untimely dea? ( ,?aisa at sea1 & ! sup]/iti\s dem& made by ! sailors t h] corpse %\ld be ?r[n ov]bo>d1 says3 ,nor h ,i "t ,to give !e hall['d to ?y grave1 b /raight ,mu/ ca/ !e1 sc>cely c(f9'd1 9 ! ooze2 ,:]e1 = a monum5t ^u ?y bones1 ,& aye-rema9+ lamps1 ! bel*+ :ale ,& humm+ wat] mu/ o'er:elm ?y corpse1 ,ly+ ) simple %ells4 ,aga91 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7iii4 #b71 we f9d a fur!r ref]5ce 9 ! words ( ,troilus3 ,o1 t ,i ?\ght x c\ld be 9 a woman1 ,to fe$ = aye h] lamp & flames ( love4 ,pope1 too1 9 8 ,eloisa to ,abel>d1 has a simil> allusion 7l4 #bfa1 #bfb73 ,ah1 hopeless la/+ flames1 l ^? t burn ,to light ! dead1 & w>m ?' unfruitful urn6 ,d',israeli1 9 8 ,curiosities ( ,lit]ature1 ?us expla9s ?is sup]/ition3 ,x has happ5$ frequ5tly t inquisitive m51 exam9+ ) a flambeau anci5t sepul*res :i* h j be5 op5$1 ! fat & gross vapors eng5d]$ by ! corruption ( dead bodies k9dl$ z ! flambeau approa*$ !m1 to ! great a/oni%m5t ( ! spectators1 :o frequ5tly cri$ out ',a miracle6' ,?is sudd5 inflammation1 al?\gh v natural1 has giv5 room to believe t ^! flames proce$$ f p]petual lamps1 :i* "s h ?\ght 7 plac$ 9 ! tombs ( ! anci5ts1 & :i*1 !y said1 7 ext+ui%$ at ! mom5t t ^! tombs op5$1 & 7 p5etrat$ by ! ext]ior air4 ,mr4 ,d5nis1 h[ev]1 9 8 ,cities & ,cemet]ies ( ,etruria 7#ahgh1 vol4 ii4 p4 #djd71 says t ! use ( sepul*ral lamps by ! anci5ts is well kn[n1 & gave rise to ! above sup]/ition4 ,sometimes lamps 7 kept burn+ 9 sepul*res long aft] ! int]m5t1 z 9 ! case ( ! ,ephesian wid[ describ$ by ,petronius 7,satyr1 c4 #ac71 :o replac$ ! lamp plac$ 9 h] husb&'s tomb4 ,a common expression =m]ly appli$ to ! dead occurs 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7v4 #a71 :]e ,dion asks3 ,:at 7 m holy1 ,?an to rejoice ! =m] que5 is well8 ,s 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7ii4 #e73 ,mess5g]4 ,fir/1 madam1 he is well4 ,cleopatra4 ,:y1 !re's m gold4 ,b1 sirrah1 m>k1 we use ,to say1 ! dead are well4#geb #geb ,see ,malone's note1 ,v>iorum edition1 xiv4 #djj4 ,la/ly1 comm5tators h diff]$ z to ! mean+ ( ! words ( ,julia 9 ! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7i4 #b73 ,i see y h a mon?'s m9d to !m4 ,d\ce says %e ref]s to ! m9d or remembrance days ( our popi% ance/ors2 p]sons 9 _! wills hav+ (t5 direct$ t 9 a mon?1 or at "s o!r specific "t1 "s solemn (fice1 z a mass or a dirge1 %\ld be p]=m$ = ! repose ( _! s\ls4 ,?us ,ray quotes a prov]b3 ,to h a mon?'s m9d to a ?+1 & m5tions ! above cu/om4 ,= a fur!r & n improbable solution ( ?is difficulty1 ! read] may consult ,dyce's ,gloss>y 7p4 #bgg74 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,r+s ,,& ,,preci\s ,,/ones4 ,f a v e>ly p]iod1 r+s & preci\s /ones h held a prom95t place 9 ! tradition>y lore1 cu/oms1 & sup]/itions ( mo/ nations4 ,?us1 r+s h be5 suppos$ to protect f evil fasc9ations ( e k9d1 aga9/ ! evil eye1 ! influ5ce ( demons1 & dang]s ( e possible "*3 ?\gh x 0 n simply 9 ! r+s !mselves t ! suppos$ virtues exi/$1 b 9 ! mat]ials ( :i* !y 7 compos$--9 "s p>ticul> preci\s /ones t 7 set 9 !m z *>ms or talismans1 9 "s device or inscription on ! /one1 or "s magical lett]s engrav$ on ! circumf]5ce ( ! r+4#gec ,r+s1 too1 9 days gone by1 _h a symbolical importance4 ,?us1 x 0 anci5tly ! cu/om = e mon>* to h a r+1 ! tempor>y possession ( :i* inve/$ ! hold] ) ! same au?ority z ! own] himself c\ld ex]cise4 ,?us1 9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7v4 #a71 we h ! k+'s r+ giv5 to ,cranm]1 & pres5t$ by him 7sc4 #b71 z a security aga9/ ! ma*9ations ( ,g>d9] & o!rs ( ! c\ncil1 :o 7 plott+ to de/roy him4 ,?us ! k+ says3 ,if entreaties ,w r5d] y no rem$y1 ?is r+ ,deliv] !m1 & y\r appeal to u ,!re make be=e !m4 #gec ,jones's ,f+]-,r+ ,lore1 #ahgg1 p4 #ia4 ,?is cu/om1 too1 0 n conf9$ to royalty1 = 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7ii4 #b71 ! ,duke ( ,york gives ?is ord] to 8 s]vant3 ,sirrah1 get !e to ,pla%y1 to my si/] ,glo/]2 ,bid h] s5d me pres5tly a ?\s& p\nd3-- ,hold1 take my r+4 ,!re is an int]e/+ relic ( ! same cu/om /ill kept up at ,w9*e/] ,college4#ged ,:5 ! capta9 ( ! s*ool petitions ! head-ma/] = a holiday1 & obta9s x1 he receives f him a r+1 9 tok5 ( ! indulg5ce grant$1 :i* he we>s dur+ ! holiday1 & returns to ! head-ma/] :5 x is ov]4 ,! inscription ^u ! r+ 01 =m]ly1 ,pot5tiam f]o1 g]oque4 ,x is n[ ,comm5dat r>ior usus 7,juv5al1 ,sat4 xi4 #bjh74 #ged ,wordswor?'s ,%akespe>e & ! ,bible1 #ahhj1 p4 #bhc4 ,tok5 ,r+s date f v e>ly times4 ,edw>d ,i41 9 #abig1 pres5t$ ,m>g>et1 8 f\r? daught]1 ) a gold5 pyx1 9 :i* he deposit$ a r+1 z a tok5 ( 8 unfail+ love4 ,9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7i4 #b7 :5 ,glo/] br+s 8 ha/y woo+ to a conclusion1 he gives ! ,lady ,anne a r+1 say+3 ,look1 h[ my r+ encompasse? ?y f+]1 ,ev5 s ?y brea/ enclose? my poor he>t2 ,we> bo? ( !m1 = bo? ( !m are ?9e4 ,9 ,cymbel9e 7i4 #a7 ,imog5 gives ,po/humus a r+ :5 !y "p1 & he pres5ts h] ) a bracelet 9 ex*ange3 ,look "h1 love2 ,?is diamond 0 my "m's2 take x1 he>t2 ,b keep x till y woo ano!r wife1 ,:5 ,imog5 is dead4 ,po/humus4 ,h[6 h[6 ano!r8-- ,y g5tle gods1 give me b ?is ,i h1 ,& se> up my embracem5ts f a next ,) bonds ( dea?6 ,rema91 rema9 ?\ "h1 7,putt+ on ! r+7 ,:ile s5se c keep x on4 ,yet he aft]w>ds gives x up to ,ia*imo 7ii4 #d7--^u a false repres5tation--to te/ 8 wife's honor3 ,"h1 take ?is too2 ,x is a basilisk unto m9e eye1 ,kills me to look on't4 ,! ex*ange ( r+s1 a solemn mode ( private contract betwe5 lov]s1 we h already ref]r$ to 9 ! *apt] on ,m>riage1 a practice allud$ to 9 ! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7ii4 #b71 :]e ,julia gives ,proteus a r+1 say+3 ,keep ?is remembrance = ?y ,julia's sake2 & he replies3 ,:y1 !n we'll make ex*ange3 "h1 take y ?is4 ,dea?'s-head r+s4 ,r+s engrav$ ) skulls & skeletons 7 n necess>ily m\rn+ r+s1 b 7 also worn by p]sons :o affect$ gravity2 &1 curi\s to say1 by ! procuresses ( ,elizabe?'s "t4 ,biron1 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b71 ref]s to a dea?'s face 9 a r+2 & we may quote ,fal/aff's words 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d73 ,peace1 good ,doll6 d n speak l a dea?'s head2 d n bid me rememb] m9e end4 ,we may comp>e ! foll[+ f ,! ,*ances 7i4 #e71 by ,beaumont & ,flet*]3 ,z !y keep dea?s' heads 9 r+s1 ,to cry 'mem5to' to me4 ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,fairholt1 ! skull & skeleton decorations = r+s fir/ came into favor & fa%ion at ! obsequi\s c\rt ( ,france1 :5 ,diana ( ,poicti]s became ! mi/ress ( ,h5ry ,,ii4 ,at t "t %e 0 a wid[1 & 9 m\rn+1 s black & :ite became fa%ionable colors2 jewels 7 =m$ l fun]al memorials2 gold5 ornam5ts1 %ap$ l c(f9s1 hold+ enamell$ skeletons1 hung f ! neck2 wat*es1 made to fit 9 little silv] skulls1 7 atta*$ to ! wai/s ( ! d5iz5s ( a c\rt t alt]nately indulg$ 9 pr(anity or piety1 b :o m\rn$ = %[4#gee #gee ,see ,jones's ,f+]-,r+ ,lore1 #ahgg1 p4 #cgb4 ,posy-r+s 7 =m]ly mu* us$1 x hav+ be5 cu/om>y to inscribe a motto or posy )9 ! hoop ( ! betro?al r+4 ,?us1 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7v4 #a71 ,gratiano1 :5 ask$ by ,portia ! reason ( 8 qu>rel ) ,n]issa1 answ]s3 ,ab\t a hoop ( gold1 a paltry r+ ,t %e did give me2 ^: posy 0 ,= all ! _w l cutl]s' poetry ,^u a knife1 ',love me1 & leave me n4' ,9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7iii4 #b71 ,jaques tells ,orl&o1 ,y are full ( pretty answ]s4 ,h y n be5 acqua9t$ ) goldsmi?s' wives1 & conn$ !m out ( r+s8 ,aga91 ,hamlet 7iii4 #b7 asks3 ,is ?is a prologue1 or ! posy ( a r+8 ,_m ( our old writ]s allude to ! posy-r+s4 ,?us ,h]rick1 9 8 ,hesp]ides1 says3 ,:at posies = our w$d+ r+s1 ,:at gloves we'll give1 & ribbon+s4 ,h5ry ,,viii4 gave ,anne ( ,cleves a r+ ) ! foll[+ posy3 ,god s5d me well to kepe2 a mo/ unpropiti\s alliance1 z ! k+ express$ 8 dislike to h] soon aft] ! m>riage4 ,?umb-r+s4 ,^! 7 g5]ally broad gold r+s worn on ! ?umb by important p]sonages4 ,?us ,fal/aff 7#a ,h5ry ,,iv4 ii4 #d7 bragg$ t1 9 8 e>li] ye>s1 he _h be5 s sl5d] 9 figure z to creep into an ald]man's ?umb-r+2 & a r+ ?us worn--probably z m conspicu\s--appe>s to h be5 consid]$ z appropriate to ! cu/om>y attire ( a civic dignit>y at a mu* lat] p]iod4 ,a "* 9 ! ,"l ,mayor's ,%[1 9 #affd1 is describ$ z habit$ l a grave citiz5--gold girdle1 & gloves hung !reon1 r+s on 8 f+]s1 & a seal r+ on 8 ?umb4#gef ,*auc]1 9 8 ,squire's ,tale1 says ( ! rid] ( ! braz5 horse :o advanc$ into ! hall1 ,cambuscan1 t ^u 8 ?umb he _h ( gold a r+4 ,9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #d71 ,m]cutio speaks ( ! agate /one ,on ! =ef+] ( an ald]man4 #gef ,see ,jones's ,f+]-,r+ ,lore1 #ahgg1 p4 #hh4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t ,%akespe>e1 9 ! foll[+ passage1 alludes to ! annual celebration1 at ,v5ice1 ( ! w$d+ ( ! ,doge ) ! ,adriatic1 :5 he makes ,o!llo say 7i4 #b73 ,b t ,i love ! g5tle ,desdemona1 ,i w\ld n my unh\s$ free condition ,put into circumscription & conf9e ,= ! sea's wor?4 ,?is cu/om1 x is said1 0 in/itut$ by ,pope ,alex&] ,,iii41 :o gave ! ,doge a gold r+ f 8 own f+]1 9 tok5 ( ! victory by ! ,v5etian fleet1 at ,i/ria1 ov] ,fr$]ick ,b>b>ossa1 9 def5ce ( ! ,pope's qu>rel4 ,:5 8 hol9ess gave ! r+1 he desir$ ! ,doge to ?r[ a simil> r+ into ! sea e ye> on ,asc5sion ,day1 9 commemoration ( ! ev5t4 ,agate4 ,?is /one 0 frequ5tly cut to repres5t ! human =m1 & 0 occasionally worn 9 ! hat by gallants4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #b7 ,fal/aff says3 ,i 0 nev] mann$ ) an agate till n[--mean+1 accord+ to ,johnson1 _h an agate = my man1 0 wait$ on by an agate4 ,c>buncle4 ,! sup]natural lu/re ( ?is gem#geg is suppos$ to be describ$ 9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7ii4 #c71 :]e1 speak+ ( ! r+ on ! f+] ( ,bassianus1 ,m>tius says3 ,^u 8 bloody f+] he do? we> ,a preci\s r+1 t light5s all ! hole1 ,:i*1 l a tap] 9 "s monum5t1 ,do? %9e ^u ! dead man's e>?y *eeks1 ,& %[s ! ragg$ entrails ( ! pit4 #geg ,see ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne's ,vulg> ,errors4 ,9 ,drayton's ,muses' ,elysium 7,nymphal4 ix47 x is ?us eulogiz$3 ,t admir$ mighty /one1 ,! c>buncle t's nam$1 ,:i* f x su* a flam+ light ,& radiancy ejecte?1 ,t 9 ! v d>ke/ night ,! eye to x directe?4 ,milton1 speak+ ( ! cobra1 says3 ,8 head ,cre/$ alo(1 & c>buncle 8 eyes4 ,john ,norton1#geh an al*emi/ 9 ! reign ( ,edw>d ,,iv41 wrote a poem entitl$ ! ,ord9al1 or a manual ( ! *emical art4 ,"o ( 8 projects1 we are told1 0 a bridge ( gold ov] ! ,?ames1 cr[n$ ) p9nacles ( gold1 :i*1 be+ /udd$ ) c>buncles1 w\ld diffuse a blaze ( light 9 ! d>k4 ,among ! o!r ref]5ces to x giv5 by ,%akespe>e may be m5tion$ "o 9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7ii4 #c71 :]e ! ,pr9cess ,elizabe? is spok5 ( z a gem ,to light5 all ?is isle4 #geh ,jones's ,preci\s ,/ones1 #ahhj1 p4 #fb4 ,& ,hamlet 7ii4 #b7 uses ! phrase1 ,) eyes l c>buncles4 ,*rysolite4 ,?is /one 0 suppos$ to possess peculi> virtues1 &1 accord+ to ,simon ,maiolus1 9 8 ,di]um ,canicul>es 7#afae-ai71 ,!tel ! ,jew1 :o wrote a book1 ,de ,sculpturiis1 m5tions "o naturally 9 ! =m ( a woman1 :i* 0 pot5t aga9/ fasc9ation ( all k9ds4 ,o!llo 7v4 #b7 ?us alludes to ?is /one 9 ref]5ce to 8 wife3 ,nay1 _h %e be5 true1 ,if heav5 w\ld make me su* ano!r _w ,( "o entire & p]fect *rysolite1 ,i'd n h sold h] = x4 ,pe>ls4 ,! ,ea/]n cu/om ( p[d]+ sov]eigns at _! coronation ) gold-du/ & se$-pe>l is allud$ to 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra#gei 7ii4 #e73 ,i'll set !e 9 a %[] ( gold1 & hail ,ri* pe>ls ^u !e4 #gei ,see ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 x4 p4 #bac4 ,s ,milton 7,p>adise ,lo/1 ii4 #d73 ,! gorge\s ,ea/1 ) lib]al h&1 ,%[]s on h] k+s b>b>ic pe>l & gold4 ,aga91 to swall[ a pe>l 9 a draught seems to h be5 common to royal & m]cantile prodigality4 ,9 ,hamlet 7v4 #b7 ! ,k+ says3 ,! k+ %all dr9k to ,hamlet's bett] brea?2 ,& 9 ! cup an union#gfj %all he ?r[4 #gfj ,a union is a preci\s pe>l1 rem>kable = its size4 ,fur!r on ,hamlet himself asks1 taunt+ly3 ,"h1 ?\ ince/u\s1 murd]\s1 damn$ ,dane1 ,dr9k (f ?is potion4 ,is ?y union "h8 ,malone1 z an illu/ration ( ?is cu/om1 quotes f ! second "p ( ,heywood's ,if ,y ,"k ,n ,me ,y ,"k ,nobody3 ,"h sixte5 ?\s& p\nd at "o clap goes ,in/ead ( sug>4 ,gre%am dr9ks ?is pe>l ,unto ! que51 8 mi/ress4 ,9 =m] times p[d]$ pe>ls 7 consid]$ invaluable = /oma* compla9ts2 & ,rondeletius tells u t !y 7 suppos$ to possess an exhil>at+ quality3 ,uniones qu a con*is1 et valde cordiales sunt4 ,mu* my/]y 01 9 bygone days1 ?\ght to hang ov] ! orig9 ( pe>ls1 &1 accord+ to ! poetic ,ori5tals1#gfa ,e ye>1 on ! sixte5? day ( ! mon? ,nisan1 ! pe>l oy/]s rise to ! sea & op5 _! %ells1 9 ord] to receive ! ra9 :i* falls at t "t1 & ! drops ?us caught become pe>ls4 ,?us1 9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7iv4 #d7 ! k+ says3 ,! liquid drops ( te>s t y h %$ ,%all come aga91 trans=m'd to ori5t pe>l1 ,advantag+ _! loan ) int]e/ ,( t5 times d\ble ga9 ( happ9ess4 #gfa ,see ,jones's ,hi/ory & ,my/]y ( ,preci\s ,/ones1 p4 #aaf4 ,moore1 9 "o ( 8 ,melodies1 notices ?is pretty notion3 ,& preci\s ! te> z t ra9 f ! sky ,:i* turns into pe>ls z x falls 9 ! sea4 ,turquoise4 ,?is /one 0 probably m e/eem$ = its secret virtues ?an f any comm]cial value1 ! turquoise1 turkise1 or turkey-/one1 hav+ f a remote p]iod be5 suppos$ to possess talismanic prop]ties4 ,?us1 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7iii4 #a71 ,%ylock says3 ,x 0 my turquoise2 ,i _h x ( ,leah :5 ,i 0 a ba*elor3 ,i w\ld n h giv5 x = a wild]ness ( monkeys4 ,mr4 ,dyce#gfb says t ,%ylock valu$ 8 turquoise1 n only z be+ ! gift ( ,leah1 b on acc\nt ( ! imag9>y virtues ascrib$ to x3 :i* 0 suppos$ to become pale or to bright5 accord+ z ! heal? ( ! we>] 0 bad or good4 ,?us1 ,b5 ,jonson1 9 ,sejanus 7i4 #a71 alludes to its wond]ful prop]ties3 ,& true z turkoise 9 ! de> "l's r+1 ,look well or ill ) him4 #gfb ,gloss>y1 p4 #dfe4 ,f5ton1 9 8 ,c]ta9 ,secret ,wond]s ( ,nature 7#aefi71 ?us describes x3 ,! turkeys do? move :5 !re is any evil prep>$ to him t we>e? x4 ,!re 7 num]\s o!r magical prop]ties ascrib$ to ! turquoise4 ,?us1 x 0 suppos$ to lose its color entirely at ! dea? ( its own]1 b to recov] x :5 plac$ ^u ! f+] ( a new & heal?y possessor4 ,x 0 also said t :oev] wore a turquoise1 s t ei!r x or its sett+ t\*$ ! sk91 might fall f any height1 ! /one attract+ to itself ! :ole =ce ( ! bl[4 ,) ! ,g]mans1 ! turquoise is /ill ! gem appropriat$ to ! r+1 ! gage d'am\r1 pres5t$ by ! lov] on ! acceptance ( 8 suit1 ! p]man5ce ( its color be+ believ$ to dep5d ^u ! con/ancy ( 8 affection4#gfc #gfc ,see ,c4 ,w4 ,k+ on ,preci\s ,/ones1 #ahfg1 p4 #bfg4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,sports ,,& ,,pa/imes4 ,v _m ( ! old sports & pa/imes 9 popul> use 9 ,%akespe>e's day h long ago n only be5 laid aside1 b1 9 ! c\rse ( ye>s1 h become entirely =gott54 ,?is is to be regrett$1 z a great numb] ( ^! capital div]sions 7 admirably suit$ bo? = 9 & out ( doors1 ! simplicity :i* m>k$ !m be+ "o ( _! di/+ui%+ *>ms4 ,t ,%akespe>e1 too1 took an int]e/ 9 ^! good old s\rces ( recreation1 may be ga!r$ f ! frequ5t ref]5ce :i* he has made to !m2 8 m5tion ( "s *ildi% game ev5 s]v+ occasionally z an illu/ration 9 a passage *>act]iz$ by its =ce & vigor4 ,ar*]y4 ,9 ,%akespe>e's day ?is 0 a v popul> div]sion1 & ! ,knights ( ,pr9ce ,ar?ur's ,r\nd ,table 0 a society ( ar*]s in/itut$ by ,h5ry ,,viii41 & enc\rag$ 9 ! reign ( ,elizabe?4#gfd ,fitz/eph51 :o wrote 9 ! reign ( ,h5ry ,,ii41 notices x among ! summ] pa/imes ( ! ,london y\?2 & ! repeat$ /atutes1 f ! ?irte5? to ! sixte5? c5tury1 en=c+ ! use ( ! b[1 g5]ally ord]$ ! leisure "t ^u holidays to be pass$ 9 its ex]cise4#gfe ,%akespe>e seems to h be5 intimately acqua9t$ ) ! num]\s t]ms connect$ ) ar*]y1 _m ( :i* we f9d scatt]$ ?r\gh\t 8 plays4 ,?us1 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7iv4 #a71 ,m>ia uses ! expression1 ,wide o' ! b[ h&1 a t]m :i* signifi$ a good deal to ! left ( ! m>k4 #gfd ,see ,drake's ,%akespe>e & ,8 ,times1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #agh-aha4 #gfe ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahgj1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bij4 ,! cl\t 0 ! nail or p9 ( ! t>get1 & f ! passages1 says ,dyce1#gff :i* ,i happ5 to recollect 9 our e>ly writ]s1 ,i %\ld say t ! cl\t1 or p91 /ood 9 ! c5tre ( ! inn] circle ( ! butts1 :i* circle1 be+ pa9t$ :ite1 0 call$ ! :ite2 t1 to 'hit ! :ite' 0 a consid]able feat1 b t to 'hit or cleave ! cl\t or p9' 0 a mu* great] "o1 ?\gh1 no d\bt1 ! expressions 7 occasionally us$ to signify ! same ?+1 viz41 to hit ! m>k4 ,9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7iv4 #a71 ,co/>d says ( ,boyet3 ,inde$1 a' mu/ %oot ne>]1 or he'll ne'er hit ! cl\t2 &1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #b71 ,%all[ says ( old ,d\ble3 ,he w\ld h clapp$ i' ! cl\t at twelve score--t is1 he w\ld h hit ! cl\t at twelve-score y>ds4 ,& ,k+ ,le> 7iv4 #f7 employs ! phrase i' ! cl\t1 i' ! cl\t3 hewgh6 #gff ,gloss>y1 p4 #hd4 ,9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7ii4 #d71 :]e ,m]cutio relates h[ ,romeo is %ot ?or\gh ! e> ) a love-song2 ! v p9 ( 8 he>t cleft ) ! bl9d b[-boy's butt-%aft1 ! metaphor1 ( c\rse1 is f ar*]y4 ,! t]m loose 0 ! te*nical "o = ! dis*>g+ ( an arr[1 & occurs 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b74 ,accord+ to ,capell1#gfg ! words ( ,bottom1 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7i4 #b71 hold1 or cut b[-/r+s1 7 a prov]bial phrase1 & allud$ to ar*]y4 ,:5 a p>ty 0 made at butts1 assurance ( meet+ 0 giv5 9 ! words ( t phrase1 ! s5se ( ! p]son us+ !m be+ t he w\ld 'hold' or keep promise1 or !y might 'cut 8 b[-/r+s1' demoli% him = an ar*]4 ,:e!r1 adds ,dyce1 ?is be ! true explanation ( ! phrase1 ,i am unable to det]m9e4 #gfg ,gloss>y1 p4 #baj4 ,all hid1 all hid4 ,biron1 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7iv4 #c71 no d\bt means ! game well-kn[n z hide-&-seek1 ,all hid1 all hid2 an old infant play4 ,! foll[+ note1 h[ev]1 9 ,cotgrave's ,fr5* & ,engli% ,diction>y1 has be5 adduc$ to %[ t he may possibly mean bl9d-man's-buff3 ,clignemasset4 ,! *ildi% play call$ ,hodman-bl9d i4 e41 bl9d-man's-buff1 ,h>rie-racket1 or ,are y all hid4 ,backgammon4 ,! old "n = ?is game 0 ,tables1 z 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b73 ,?is is ! ape ( =m1 monsieur ! nice ,t1 :5 he plays at tables1 *ides ! dice4 ,an int]e/+ hi/ory ( ?is game w be f\nd 9 ,/rutt's ,sports & ,pa/imes 7#ahgf1 pp4 #dai-dba74 ,b>ley-break4 ,?is game1 call$ also ! ,la/ ,c\ple 9 ,hell1 :i* is allud$ to 9 ! ,two ,noble ,k9sm51 7iv4 #c71 0 play$ by six p1 ?ree ( ea* sex1 :o 7 c\pl$ by lot4#gfh ,a piece ( gr\nd 0 !n *os51 & divid$ into ?ree comp>tm5ts1 ( :i* ! middle "o 0 call$ hell4 ,x 0 ! object ( ! c\ple condemn$ to ?is division to cat* ! o!rs1 :o advanc$ f ! two extremities2 9 :i* case a *ange ( situation took place1 & hell 0 fill$ by ! c\ple :o 7 exclud$ by preoccupation f ! o!r places4 ,?is cat*+1 h[ev]1 0 n s easy1 z1 by ! rules ( ! game1 ! middle c\ple 7 n to sep>ate be=e !y _h succe$$1 :ile ! o!rs might break h&s :5ev] !y f\nd !mselves h>d press$4 ,:5 all _h be5 tak5 9 turn1 ! la/ c\ple 7 said to be 9 hell1 & ! game end$4 #gfh ,f ,gif=d's ,note on ,mass+]'s ,works1 #ahac1 vol4 i4 p4 #ajd4 ,! game 0 frequ5tly m5tion$ by old writ]s1 & appe>s to h be5 v popul>4 ,f ,h]rick's ,poems1 x is se5 t ! c\ples 9 _! conf9em5t occasionally solac$ !mselves by kisses3 ,b>ley-break2 or1 ,la/ 9 ,hell4 ,we two are la/ 9 hell2 :at may we fe>1 ,to be torm5t$1 or kept pris'n]s "h8 ,alas1 if kiss+ be ( plagues ! wor/1 ,we'll wi% 9 hell we _h be5 la/ & fir/4 ,9 ,scotl& x 0 call$ b>la-breikis1 & 01 says ,jamieson1 g5]ally play$ by "y p 9 a corn-y>d1 h5ce its "n1 b>la-bracks1 ab\t ! /acks4#gfi ,! t]m hell1 says ,n>es1#ggj 0 indiscreet1 & mu/ h produc$ _m pr(ane allusions1 besides famili>iz+ :at ought always to pres]ve its due effect ( awe ^u ! m9d4 ,bo? its names are allud$ to 9 ! foll[+ passage 9 ,%irley's ,bird 9 a ,cage3 ,%all's to b>libreak8 ,i 0 9 hell la/2 'tis little less to be 9 a petticoat sometimes4 #gfi ,see ,jamieson's ,scotti% ,diction>y1 #ahgi1 vol4 i4 p4 #abb4 #ggj ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #eg4 ,base4 ,?is 0 a ru/ic game1 kn[n also z ,prison base or ,prison b>s4 ,x is m5tion$ 9 ,cymbel9e 7v4 #c7 by ,po/humus3 ,lads m l to run ,! c\ntry base1 ?an to commit su* slaught]4 ,& 9 ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7i4 #b7 by ,lucetta3 ,inde$1 ,i bid ! base = ,proteus4#gga #gga ,ibid4 vol4 i4 p4 #eh4 ,! success ( ?is pa/ime dep5d$ ^u ! agility ( ! c&idates1 & _! skill 9 runn+4 ,e>ly 9 ! reign ( ,edw>d ,,iii4 x is spok5 ( z a *ildi% amusem5t1 & 0 prohibit$ to be play$ 9 ! av5ues ( ! palace at ,we/m9/] dur+ ! session ( ,p>liam5t1 because ( ! int]ruption x occasion$ to ! memb]s & o!rs 9 pass+ to & fro z _! bus9ess requir$4 ,x 0 also play$ by m51 & especially 9 ,*e%ire & o!r adjo9+ c\nties1 :]e x seems to h be5 9 high repute among all classes4 ,/rutt ?us describes ! game3#ggb ,! p]=mance ( ?is pa/ime requires two p>ties ( equal numb]1 ea* ( !m hav+ a base or home to !mselves1 at ! di/ance ( ab\t tw5ty or ?irty y>ds4 ,! play]s !n on ei!r side1 tak+ hold ( h&s1 ext5d !mselves 9 l5g?1 & opposite to ea* o!r1 z f> z !y conv5i5tly c1 always rememb]+ t "o ( !m mu/ t\* ! base4 ,:5 any "o ( !m quits ! h& ( 8 fell[ & runs into ! field1 :i* is call$ giv+ ! *ase1 he is imm$iately foll[$ by "o ( 8 oppon5ts4 ,he is aga9 foll[$ by a second f ! =m] side1 & he by a second oppon5t1 & s on alt]nately until z _m are out z *oose to run1 e "o pursu+ ! man he fir/ foll[$1 & no o!r2 & if he ov]take him ne> en\gh to t\* him1 8 p>ty claims "o t[>ds _! game1 & bo? return home4 ,!y !n run =? aga9 & aga9 9 l mann] until ! numb] is complet$ t decides ! victory4 ,?is numb] is optional1 & r>ely exce$s tw5ty4 #ggb ,sports & ,pa/imes1 #ahgf1 p4 #adc4 ,! phrase to bid ! base1 means to run fa/1 *all5g+ ano!r to pursue4 ,x occurs aga9 9 ,v5us & ,adonis3 ,to bid ! w9d a base he n[ prep>es4 ,9 ,sp5s]'s ,fairy ,que5 7bk4 v4 canto #h71 we read3 ,s ran !y all z !y _h be5 at base1 ,!y be+ *as$ t did o!rs *ase4 ,bat-f[l+4 ,?is sport1 :i* is notic$ 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7ii4 #a7 by ,seba/ian1 0 common 9 days gone by4 ,x is m9utely describ$ 9 ,m>kham's ,hung]'s ,prev5tion 7#afjj71 :i* is quot$ by ,dyce4#ggc ,! t]m bat-f[l+1 h[ev]1 _h ano!r signification1 says ,mr4 ,h>t+1#ggd 9 ,%akespe>e's day1 & x may h be5 9 ?is second>y s5se t x is us$ 9 ,! ,tempe/1 be+ a slang ^w = a p>ticul> mode ( *eat+4 ,bat-f[l+ 0 practis$ ab\t dusk1 :5 ! rogue pret5d$ to h dropp$ a r+ or a jewel at ! door ( "s well-furni%$ %op1 &1 go+ 91 ask$ ! appr5tice ( ! h\se to light 8 c&le to look = x4 ,aft] "s pe]+ ab\t ! bat-f[l] w\ld drop ! c&le z if by accid5t4 ,n[1 ,i pray y1 good "y man1 he w\ld say1 d s mu* z light ! c&le aga94 ,:ile ! boy 0 away ! rogue plund]$ ! %op1 & hav+ /ol5 ev]y?+ he c\ld f9d /ole himself away4 #ggc ,gloss>y1 pp4 #bi1 #cj4 #ggd ,see ,h>t+'s ,orni?ology ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #aef2 ,/rutt's ,sports & ,pa/imes1 #ahgf1 p4 #ih4 ,a simple mode ( bat-f[l+1 by means ( a l>ge clap-net & a lant]n1 & call$ bird-batt+1 is allud$ to 9 ,field+'s ,joseph ,&rews 7bk4 ii4 *ap4 x474 ,drake ?9ks t x is to a /ratagem ( ?is k9d ,%akespe>e alludes :5 he pa9ts ,buck+ham exclaim+ 7,h5ry ,,viii4 i4 #a73 ,! net has fall'n ^u me2 ,i %all p]i% ,"u device & practice4 ,billi>ds4 ,%akespe>e is guilty ( an ana*ronism 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7ii4 #e71 :]e he makes ,cleopatra say3 ,let's to billi>ds--! game be+ unkn[n to ! anci5ts4 ,! mod]n mann] ( play+ at billi>ds diff]s f t =m]ly 9 use4 ,at ! comm5cem5t ( ! la/ c5tury1#gge ! billi>d-table 0 squ>e1 hav+ only ?ree pockets = ! balls to run 91 situat$ on "o ( ! sides--t is1 at ea* corn]1 & ! ?ird betwe5 !m4 ,ab\t ! middle ( ! table a small ar* ( iron 0 plac$1 & at a little di/ance f x an upright cone call$ a k+4 ,at c]ta9 p]iods ( ! game x 0 necess>y = ! balls to be driv5 ?r\gh ! "o & r\nd ! o!r1 )\t knock+ ei!r ( !m d[n1 :i* 0 n easily effect$1 because !y 7 n fa/5$ to ! table4 #gge ,/rutt's ,sports & ,pa/imes1 #ahgf1 p4 #cif4 ,bone-ace4 ,?is old game1 popul>ly call$ ,"o-&-,?irty1 is allud$ to by ,grumio 9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7i4 #b73 ,well1 0 x fit = a s]vant to use 8 ma/] s2 be+1 p]haps1 = aught ,i see1 two-&-?irty--a pip out4#ggf ,x 0 v l ! ,fr5* game ( ,v+t-un1 only a long] reckon+4 ,/rutt#ggg says t p]haps ,bone-ace is ! same z ! game call$ ,ace ( ,he>ts1 prohibit$ ) all lott]ies by c>ds & dice1 ,an4 #ab ,geor4 ,,ii41 ,cap4 #ch1 sect4 #b4 ,x is m5tion$ 9 ,mass+]'s ,fatal ,d[ry 7ii4 #b73 ,y ?9k1 because y s]v$ my lady's "m1 y are ?irty-two ye>s old1 :i* is a pip out1 y "k4 #ggf ,a pip is a spot ^u a c>d4 #ggg ,sports & ,pa/imes1 #ahgf1 p4 #dcf4 ,! phrase to be two-&-?irty1 a pip out1 0 an old cant t]m appli$ to a p]son :o 0 intoxicat$4 ,bo-peep4 ,?is nurs]y amusem5t1 :i* consi/$ 9 peep+ f beh9d some?+1 & cry+ ,bo6 is ref]r$ to by ! ,fool 9 ,k+ ,le> 7i4 #d73 ,t su* a k+ %\ld play bo-peep4 ,9 ,%]wood's ,diction>y x is def9$1 ,jeu d'enfant2 ou 7plu/o/7 des n\rrices aux petits enfans2 se ca*ans le visage et puis se mon/rant4 ,m9%eu's d]ivation ( bo-peep1 f ! noise :i* *ick5s make :5 !y come out ( ! %ell1 is1 says ,d\ce1#ggh m :imsical ?an j4 #ggh ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #dje4 ,b[ls4 ,frequ5t allusions occur to ?is game1 :i* seems to h be5 a popul> pa/ime 9 old5 times4 ,! small ball1 n[ call$ ! jack1 at :i* ! play]s aim1 0 sometimes t]m$ ! mi/ress4 ,9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7iii4 #b71 ,p&>us says3 ,s1 s2 rub#ggi on1 & kiss ! mi/ress4 ,a b[l t kisses ! jack1 or mi/ress1 is 9 ! mo/ advantage\s position2 h5ce to kiss ! jack s]v$ to d5ote a /ate ( great advantage4 ,?us1 9 ,cymbel9e 7ii4 #a71 ,clot5 exclaims1 ,0 !re ev] man _h su* luck6 :5 ,i kiss$ ! jack1 ^u an up-ca/ to be hit away6 ,i _h a hundr$ p\nd on't4 ,!re is ano!r allusion to ?is game1 accord+ to ,/aunton1 9 ,k+ ,john 7ii4 #a73 on ! outw>d eye ( fickle ,france--! ap]ture on "o side :i* conta9s ! bias or weight t incl9es ! b[l 9 runn+ f a direct c\rse1 be+ sometimes call$ ! eye4 #ggi ,rub is /ill a t]m at ! game1 expressive ( ! movem5t ( ! balls4 ,cf4 ,k+ ,le> 7ii4 #b71 & ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7iv4 #a71 :]e ,boyet1 speak+ ( ! game1 says3 ,i fe> too mu* rubb+4 ,a fur!r ref]5ce to ?is game occurs 9 ! foll[+ dialogue 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7iii4 #d73 ,que54 ,:at sport %all we devise "h 9 ?is g>d51 ,to drive away ! heavy ?\ght ( c>e8 #a ,lady4 ,madam1 we'll play at b[ls4 ,que54',twill make me ?9k ! _w is full ( rubs1 ,& t my =tune runs aga9/ ! bias --! bias1 z /at$ above1 be+ a weight ins]t$ 9 "o side ( a b[l1 9 ord] to give x a p>ticul> incl9ation 9 b[l+4 ,to run aga9/ ! bias1 !re=e1 became a prov]b4 ,?us1 to quote ano!r in/ance1 9 ! ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7iv4 #e7 ,petru*io says3 ,well1 =w>d1 =w>d6 ?us ! b[l %\ld run1 ,& n unluckily aga9/ ! bias4 ,& 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7iv4 #e71 ! t]m bias-*eek is us$ to d5ote a *eek swell+ out l ! bias ( a b[l4#ghj #ghj ,halliwell-,phillipps' ,h&book ,index to ,%akespe>e1 p4 #dc4 ,c>ds4 ,"s ( ! old t]ms connect$ ) c>d-play+ are curi\s1 a few ( :i* are allud$ to by ,%akespe>e4 ,?us1 9 ,k+ ,le> 7v4 #a71 ,edmund says3 ,& h>dly %all ,i c>ry out my side1 allud+ to ! c>d table1 :]e to c>ry out a side meant to c>ry out ! game ) y\r p>tn] successfully4 ,s1 to set up a side 0 to become p>tn]s 9 ! game2 to pull or pluck d[n a side 0 to lose x4#gha #gha ,/aunton's ,%akespe>e1 vol4 iii4 p4 #eib4 ,a lur* at c>ds d5ot$ an easy victory4 ,s1 9 ,coriolanus 7ii4 #b71 ,com9ius says3 he lur*'d all swords ( ! g>l&1 mean+1 z ,malone says1 t ,coriolanus ga9$ f all o!r w>riors ! wrea? ( victory1 ) ease1 & inconte/able sup]iority4 ,a pack ( c>ds 0 =m]ly t]m$ a deck ( c>ds1 z 9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7v4 #a73 ,! k+ 0 slily f+]'d f ! deck4 ,aga91 to vie 0 also a t]m at c>ds1 & meant p>ticul>ly to increase ! /akes1 & g5]ally to *all5ge any "o to a cont5tion1 bet1 wag]1 etc4 ,s1 ,cleopatra 7v4 #b71 says3 nature wants /uff ,to vie /range =ms ) fancy4 ,*]ry-pit4 ,?is consi/$ 9 ?r[+ *]ry /ones into a little hole--a game1 says ,n>es1 /ill practis$ ) dumps or money4#ghb ,9 ,twelf? ,night 7iii4 #d71 ,sir ,toby alludes to x3 ,:at1 man6 'tis n = gravity to play at *]ry-pit ) ,satan4 ,na%1 9 8 ,pi]ce ,p5nilesse1 speak+ ( ! disfigurem5t ( ladies' faces by pa9t+1 says3 ,y may play at *]ry-pit 9 ! d9t ( _! *eeks4 #ghb ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 vol4 ii4 p4 #dji4 ,*ess4 ,z might be expect$1 sev]al allusions occur 9 ,%akespe>e's plays to ?is popul> game4 ,9 ,! ,tempe/ 7v4 #a71 ,f]d9& & ,mir&a are repres5t$ play+ at x2 & 9 ,k+ ,john 7ii4 #a71 ,el9or says3 ,t ?\ may/ be a que51 & *eck ! _w6 ,9 ! ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7i4 #a71 ,ka?>9a asks3 ,i pray y1 sir1 is x y\r w ,to make a /ale#ghc ( me among/ ^! mates8 allud+1 z ,d\ce#ghd sugge/s1 to ! *ess t]m ( /ale-mate1 :i* is us$ :5 ! game is end$ by ! k+ be+ alone & un*eck$1 & !n =c$ into a situation f :i* he is unable to move )\t go+ into *eck4 ,?is is a di%onorable t]m9ation to ! adv]s>y1 :o !reby loses ! game4 ,?us1 9 ,bacon's ,twelf? ,essay3 ,!y /& /ill l a /ale at *ess1 :]e x is no mate1 b yet ! game _c /ir4 #ghc ,%e means1 ,d y int5d to make a mock]y ( me among ^! companions8 #ghd ,illu/rations ( ,%akspe>e1 p4 #bj4 ,dice4 ,among ! notices ( ?is game1 may be quot$ t 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7iv4 prologue73 ,! confid5t & ov]-lu/y ,fr5* ,d ! l[-rat$ ,engli% play at dice4 ,edg>1 9 ,k+ ,le> 7iii4 #d71 says3 ,w9e lov$ ,i deeply1 dice de>ly4 ,pi/ol1 9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7i4 #c71 gives a d\ble allusion3 ,let vultures gripe ?y guts6--= g\rd & fullam holds1 ,& high & l[ beguiles ! ri* & poor4 ,g\rds 7 false dice1 ) a secret cavity scoop$ out l a g\rd4 ,fullams 7 also false dice1 load$ ) metal on "o side1 s z bett] to produce high ?r[s1 or to turn up l[ numb]s1 z 0 requir$1 & 7 h5ce nam$ 'high m5' or 'l[ m51' also 'high fullams' & 'l[ fullams4'#ghe ,x has be5 sugge/$ t dice 7 t]m$ fullams ei!r because ,fulham 0 ! resort ( %>p]s1 or because !y 7 pr9cipally manufactur$ !re4 #ghe ,gif=d's note on ,jonson's ,works1 vol4 ii4 p4 #c4 ,dun is 9 ! mire4 ,?is is a ,*ri/mas sport1 :i* ,gif=d#ghf describes z foll[s3 ,a log ( wood is br\ght into ! mid/ ( ! room3 ?is is ,dun 7! c>t-horse71 & a cry is rais$ t he is /uck 9 ! mire4 ,two ( ! company advance1 ei!r ) or )\t ropes1 to draw him out4 ,aft] repeat$ attempts1 !y f9d !mselves unable to d x1 & call = m assi/ance4 ,! game cont9ues till all ! company take "p 9 x1 :5 ,dun is extricat$4 ,mu* m]rim5t is occasion$ f ! awkw>d ef=ts ( ! ru/ics to lift ! log1 & f sundry ar* contrivances to let ! ends ( x fall on "o ano!r's toes4 ,?us1 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #d71 ,m]cutio says3 ,if ?\ art dun1 we'll draw !e f ! mire4 #ghf ,ibid41 vol4 vii4 p4 #bhc4 ,beaumont & ,flet*]1 also1 9 ! ,woman ,hat] 7iv4 #c71 allude to ?is game3 ,dun's 9 ! mire1 get out aga9 h[ he c4 ,fa/ & ,loose4 ,?is 0 a *eat+ game1 mu* practis$ 9 ,%akespe>e's day1 :]eby gypsies & o!r vagrants beguil$ ! common p ( _! money3 & h5ce 0 v (t5 to be se5 at fairs4 ,its o!r "n 0 prick+ at ! belt or girdle2 & x is ?us describ$ by ,sir ,j4 ,hawk9s3 ,a lea!rn belt 0 made up into a numb] ( intricate folds1 & plac$ edgewise ^u a table4 ,"o ( ! folds 0 made to resemble ! middle ( ! girdle1 s t :oev] c\ld ?ru/ a skew] into x w\ld ?9k he held x fa/ to ! table2 :]eas1 :5 he has s done1 ! p]son ) :om he plays may take hold ( bo? ends1 & draw x away4 ,9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7iv4 #ab71 ,antony says3 ,l a "r gypsy1 ha?1 at fa/ & loose1 ,beguil'd me to ! v he>t ( loss4 ,! drift ( ?is game seems to h be5 to enc\rage wag]s :e!r ! belt 0 fa/ or loose1 :i* ! juggl] c\ld easily make x at 8 option4 ,x is con/antly allud$ to by old writ]s1 & is ?us describ$ 9 ,drayton's ,moon-calf3 ,he l a gypsy (t5times w\ld g1 ,all k9ds ( gibb]i% he ha? le>n'd to "k1 ,& ) a /ick1 a %ort /r+1 & a noose1 ,w\ld %[ ! p tricks at fa/ & loose4 ,f5c+4 ,9 ye>s gone by1 !re 7 ?ree degrees 9 f5c+1 a ma/]'s1 a provo/'s1 & a s*ol>'s4#ghg ,to ea* ( ^! a prize 0 play$1 ) v>i\s weapons1 9 "s op5 place or squ>e4 ,9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7i4 #a71 ?is practice is allud$ to by ,saturn9us3 ,s1 ,bassianus1 y h play'd y\r prize4 #ghg ,see ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #ce4 ,9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7i4 #a71 ,sl5d] says3 ,i bruis$ my %9 ?' o!r day ) play+ at sword & dagg] ) a ma/] ( f5ce1 i4 e41 ) "o :o _h tak5 8 ma/]'s degree 9 ! sci5ce4 ,among ! num]\s allusions to f5c+ quot$ by ,%akespe>e may be m5tion$ ! foll[+3 ,v5ue or v5ey 0 a f5c+ t]m1 mean+ an attack or hit4 ,x is us$ 9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7i4 #a71 by ,sl5d]1 :o relates h[ he bruis$ 8 %9 ) play+ at sword & dagg] ) a ma/] ( f5ce2 ?ree v5eys = a di% ( /ew$ prunes4 ,x is us$ metaphorically 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #a71 = a brisk attack1 by ,armado3 ,a sweet t\*1 a quick v5ue ( wit6 snip1 snap1 quick & home6#ghh ,! ,italian t]m ,/occado or ,/occata1 abbreviat$ also into ,/ock1 seems to h _h a simil> signification4 ,9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iii4 #a71 ,m]cutio1 draw+ 8 sword1 says3 ,alla /occata c>ries x away4 #ghh ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #iai4 ,9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7ii4 #a71 x is us$ by ,%all[3 ,9 ^! times y /& on di/ance1 y\r passes1 /occadoes1 & ,i "k n :at4 ,aga91 ,montant1 an abbreviation ( ,montanto1 d5ot$ an upright bl[ or ?ru/1 & occurs also 9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7ii4 #c71 :]e ! ,ho/ tells ,caius t he1 ) ! o!rs1 has come --to see !e pass ?y punto1 ?y /ock1 ?y rev]se1 ?y di/ance1 ?y montant4 ,h5ce1 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7i4 #a71 ,beatrice jocul>ly calls ,b5$ick ,signior ,montanto1 mean+ to imply t he 0 a great f5c]4 ,( ! o!r old f5c+ t]ms quot$ 9 ! passage above1 x appe>s t passado impli$ a pass or motion =w>ds4 ,x occurs 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7ii4 #d71 :]e ,m]cutio speaks ( ! immortal passado6 ! punto rev]so6 ,aga91 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7i4 #b71 ,armado says ( ,cupid t ,! passado he respects n1 ! duello he reg>ds n4 ,! punto rev]so 0 a backh&$ ?ru/ or /roke1 & ! t]m di/ance 0 ! space betwe5 ! antagoni/s4 ,%akespe>e has also allud$ to o!r f5c+ t]ms1 su* z ! fo91 a ?ru/1 :i* is us$ by ! ,ho/ 9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7iii4 #b71 & 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7v4 #a71 :]e ,antonio says1 9 8 heat$ conv]sation ) ,leonato3 ,sir boy1 ,i'll :ip y f y\r fo9+ f5ce2 ,nay1 z ,i am a g5tleman1 ,i w4 ,! t]m trav]se d5ot$ a po/ure ( opposition1 & is us$ by ! ,ho/ 9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7ii4 #c74 ,a b\t1 too1 is ano!r f5c+ t]m1 to :i* ! ,k+ ref]s 9 ,hamlet 7iv4 #g73 ,:5 9 y\r motion y are hot & dry-- ,z make y\r b\ts m viol5t to t end4 ,fillip+ ! ,toad4 ,?is is a common & cruel div]sion ( boys4 ,!y lay a bo>d1 two or ?ree feet long1 at "r angles ov] a transv]se piece two or ?ree in*es ?ick1 !n1 plac+ ! toad at "o end ( ! bo>d1 ! o!r end is /ruck by a bat or l>ge /ick1 :i* ?r[s ! poor toad =ty or fifty feet p]p5dicul>ly f ! e>?2 & ! fall g5]ally kills x4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #b71 ,fal/aff says3 ,if ,i d1 fillip me ) a ?ree-man beetle4#ghi #ghi ,a ?ree-man beetle is a heavy implem5t1 ) ?ree h&les1 us$ 9 driv+ piles1 etc41 :i* requir$ ?ree m5 to lift x4 ,flap-dragon4#gij ,?is pa/ime 0 mu* 9 use 9 days gone by4 ,a small combu/ible body 0 set on fire1 & put afloat 9 a glass ( liquor4 ,! c\rage ( ! top] 0 tri$ 9 ! attempt to toss (f ! glass 9 su* a mann] z to prev5t ! flap-dragon do+ mis*ief--rais9s 9 hot br&y be+ ! usual flap-dragons4 ,%akespe>e sev]al times m5tions ?is cu/om1 z 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #a7 :]e ,co/>d says3 ,?\ art easi] swall[$ ?an a flap-dragon4 ,& 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d71 he makes ,fal/aff say3 & dr9ks (f c&les' ends = flap-dragons4#gia #gij ,a correspond5t ( ,notes & ,qu]ies1 #b;d s]ies1 vol4 vii4 p4 #bgg1 sugge/s z a d]ivation ! ,g]man s*napps1 _s1 & dra*e1 dragon1 & t x is equival5t to _s-fire4 #gia ,cf4 ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iii4 #c73 ,b to make an end ( ! %ip1--to see h[ ! sea flap-dragon$ x4 ,x appe>s t =m]ly gallants us$ to vie ) ea* o!r 9 dr9k+ (f flap-dragons to ! heal? ( _! mi/resses--:i* 7 sometimes ev5 c&les' ends1 swimm+ 9 br&y or o!r /rong spirits1 :5ce1 :5 on fire1 !y 7 snat*$ by ! m\? & swall[$2#gib an allusion to :i* occurs 9 ! passage above4 ,z c&les' ends made ! mo/ =midable flap-dragon1 ! greate/ m]it 0 ascrib$ to ! h]oism ( swall[+ !m4 ,b5 ,jonson1 9 ,! ,masque ( ! ,moon 7#ahch1 p4 #faf1 ed4 ,gif=d71 says3 ,b none t w hang !mselves = love1 or eat c&les' ends1 etc41 z ! sublun>y lov]s d4 #gib ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #aca4 ,football4 ,an allusion to ?is once highly popul> game occurs 9 ,com$y ( ,errors 7ii4 #a74 ,dromio ( ,ephesus asks3 ,am ,i s r\nd ) y z y ) me1 ,t l a football y d spurn me ?us8 99 99 99 99 99 ,if ,i la/ 9 ?is s]vice1 y mu/ case me 9 lea!r4 ,9 ,k+ ,le> 7i4 #d71 ,k5t calls ,oswald a base football play]4 ,accord+ to ,/rutt1#gic x does n appe> among ! popul> ex]cises be=e ! reign ( ,edw>d ,,iii42 & !n1 9 #acdi1 x 0 prohibit$ by a public edict because x imp$$ ! progress ( ar*]y4 ,! dang]1 h[ev]1 att5d+ ?is pa/ime occasion$ ,james ,i4 to say3 ,f ?is ,c\rt ,i deb>re all r\gh & viol5t ex]cises1 z ! football1 meet] = lam+ ?an mak+ able ! us]s !re(4 #gic ,sports & ,pa/imes1 pp4 #afh1 #afi4 ,occasionally ! ru/ic boys made use ( a bl[n bladd]1 )\t ! cov]+ ( lea!r1 by way ( a football1 putt+ beans & horse-beans inside1 :i* made a rattl+ noise z x 0 kick$ ab\t4 ,b>clay1 9 8 ,%ip ( ,fools 7#aejh7 ?us graphically describes x3 ,h[e 9 ! w9t]1 :5 m5 kill ! fat sw9e1 ,!y get ! bladd] & bl[ x great & ?91 ,) _m beans or peason put )93 ,x ratle?1 s\nde?1 & %9e? cl]e & fayre1 ,:ile x is ?r[n & ca/e up 9 ! ayre1 ,e*e "o cont5de? & ha? a great delite ,) foote & ) h&e ! bladd] = to smite2 ,if x fall to gr\nde1 !y lifte x up agayne1 ,?is wise to lab\r !y c\nt x = no payne4 ,%rovetide 0 ! great season = football mat*es2#gid & at a comp>atively rec5t p]iod x 0 play$ 9 ,d]by1 ,nott+ham1 ,k+/on-^u-,?ames1 etc4 #gid ,see ,briti% ,popul> ,cu/oms1 #ahgf1 pp4 #gh1 #hc1 #hg1 #dja4 ,gleek4 ,accord+ to ,drake1#gie ?is game is allud$ to twice by ,%akespe>e--9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7iii4 #a73 ,nay1 ,i c gleek ^u occasion4 #gie ,%akespe>e & 8 ,times1 vol4 ii4 p4 #agj2 see ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akspe>e1 pp4 #aah1 #dce4 ,& 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iv4 #e73 #a ,musician4 ,:at w y give u8 ,pet]4 ,no money1 on my fai?1 b ! gleek4 ,d\ce1 h[ev]1 consid]s t ! ^w gleek 0 simply us$ to express a /rong] sort ( joke1 a sc(f+2 & t ! phrase to give ! gleek m]ely d5ot$ to pass a je/ ^u1 or to make a p]son appe> ridicul\s4 ,h&y-d&y4 ,a v old game among *ildr54 ,a *ild hides some?+ 9 8 h&1 & makes 8 playfell[ guess 9 :i* h& x is4 ,if ! latt] guess rightly1 he w9s ! article1 if wrongly1 he loses an equival5t4#gif ,sometimes1 says ,mr4 ,halliwell-,phillipps1 ! game is play$ by a sort ( sleight-(-h&1 *ang+ ! article rapidly f "o h& into ! o!r1 s t ! look]-on is (t5 deceiv$1 & induc$ to "n ! h& into :i* x is app>5tly ?r[n4 ,?is is :at ,%akespe>e alludes to by *ange places 9 ,k+ ,le> 7iv4 #f73 see h[ yond ju/ice rails ^u yond simple ?ief4 ,h>k1 9 ?9e e>3 *ange places2 &1 h&y-d&y1 :i* is ! ju/ice1 :i* is ! ?ief8#gig #gif ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #aii4 #gig ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dbj4 ,hide-fox & all aft]4 ,a *ildr5's game1 consid]$ by _m to be id5tical ) hide-&-seek4 ,x is m5tion$ by ,hamlet 7iv4 #b74 ,"s comm5tators ?9k t ! t]m kid-fox1 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7ii4 #c71 may h be5 a te*nical t]m 9 ! game ( hide-fox4 ,"s editions h pr9t$ x hid-fox4 ,claudio says3 ,o1 v well1 my "l3 ! music end$1 ,we'll fit ! kid-fox ) a p5nywor?4 ,hoodman-bl9d4 ,! *ildi% sport n[ call$ bl9dman's buff 0 kn[n by v>i\s names1 su* z hood-w9k1 bl9d-hob1 etc4 ,x 0 t]m$ hoodman-bl9d1 because ! play]s =m]ly 7 bl9d$ ) _! hoods1#gih & "u ?is designation x is m5tion$ by ,hamlet 7iii4 #d73 ,:at devil 0't ,t ?us ha? coz5'd y at hoodman-bl9d8 #gih ,see ,/rutt's ,sports & ,pa/imes1 pp4 #dii1 #ejj2 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #cig1 #cih4 ,9 ,scotl& ?is game 0 call$ belly-bl9d2 & ,gay1 9 8 ,%eph]d's ,week 7i4 #if71 says1 conc]n+ x3 ,z once ,i play'd at bl9dman's buff1 x hapt ,ab\t my eyes ! t[el ?ick 0 wrapt1 ,i miss'd ! swa9s1 & seiz'd on ,bl\zel9d4 ,true speaks t anci5t prov]b1 ',love is bl9d4' ,! t]m hoodman occurs 9 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well 7iv4 #c74 ,! ,fir/ ,"l says3 ,hoodman comes6 & no d\bt !re is an allusion to ! game 9 ! same play 7iii4 #f71 we w b9d & hoodw9k him2 & 9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #c7 ,macduff says3 ! "t y may s hoodw9k4 ,!re may also h be5 a ref]5ce to falconry--! hawks be+ hood$ 9 ! int]vals ( sport4 ,?us1 9 ,la?am's ,falconry 7#afae71 to hood is ! t]m us$ = ! bl9d+1 to unhood = ! unbl9d+4 ,horse-rac+4 ,t ?is div]sion 0 9 ,%akespe>e's day occasionally practis$ 9 ! _s ( ! mod]n turf is evid5t f ,cymbel9e 7iii4 #b73 ,i h he>d ( rid+ wag]s1 ,:]e horses h be5 nimbl] ?an ! s&s ,t run i' ! clock's behalf4 ,burton1#gii too1 :o wrote at ! close ( ! ,%akespe>ian era1 m5tions ! ru9\s consequ5ces ( ?is recreation3 ,horse races are desports ( great m51 & good 9 !mselves1 ?\gh _m g5tlem5 by su* means gallop q out ( _! =tunes4 #gii ,anatomy ( ,melan*oly2 ,drake's ,%akespe>e & ,8 ,times1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bih4 ,leap-frog4 ,"o boy /oops d[n ) 8 h&s ^u 8 knees1 & o!rs leap ov] him1 e "o ( !m runn+ =w>d & /oop+ 9 8 turn4 ,x is m5tion$ by ,%akespe>e 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7v4 #b71 :]e he makes ! k+ say1 ,if ,i c\ld w9 a lady at leap-frog1 or by vault+ into my saddle ) my arm\r on my back1 444 ,i %\ld quickly leap into a wife4 ,b5 ,jonson1 9 8 com$y ( ,b>?olomew ,fair1 speaks ( a leappe frogge *ance note4 ,laugh-&-lie-d[n 7m prop]ly laugh-&-lay-d[n7 0 a game at c>ds1 to :i* !re is an allusion 9 ! ,two ,noble ,k9sm5 7ii4 #a73 ,emilia4 ,i c\ld laugh n[4 ,wait+-woman4 ,i c\ld lie d[n1 ,i'm sure4 ,loggat4 ,! game s call$ resembles b[ls1 b ) notable diff]5ces4#hjj ,fir/1 x is play$1 n on a gre51 b on a floor /rew$ ) a%es4 ,! jack is a :eel ( lignum vit1 or o!r h>d wood1 n9e in*es 9 diamet]1 & ?ree or f\r in*es ?ick4 ,! loggat1 made ( apple-wood1 is a truncat$ cone1 tw5ty-six or tw5ty-sev5 in*es 9 l5g?1 tap]+ f a gir? ( eight & a half to n9e in*es at "o end to ?ree & a half or f\r in*es at ! o!r4 ,ea* play] has ?ree loggats1 :i* he ?r[s1 hold+ lightly ! ?9 end4 ,! object is to lie z ne> ! jack z possible4 ,hamlet speaks ( ?is game 7v4 #a73 ,did ^! bones co/ no m ! bre$+1 b to play at loggats ) 'em8 comp>+1 p]haps1 ! skull to ! jack at :i* ! bones 7 ?r[n4 ,9 ,b5 ,jonson's ,tale ( a ,tub 7iv4 #e7 we read3 ,n[ are !y toss+ ( 8 legs & arms1 ,l loggats at a pe>-tree4 #hjj ,cl>k & ,wright's ,notes to ,hamlet1 #ahgf1 pp4 #bab1 #bac4 ,sir ,?omas ,hanm] makes ! game ! same z n9e-p9s or skittles4 ,he says3 ,x is "o ( ! unlawful games enum]at$ 9 ! ,?irty-?ird /atute ( ,h5ry ,,viii42#hja x is ! same :i* is n[ call$ kittle-p9s1 9 :i* ! boys (t5 make use ( bones in/ead ( wood5 p9s1 ?r[+ at !m ) ano!r bone in/ead ( b[l+4 #hja ,see ,/rutt's ,sports & ,pa/imes1 p4 #cfe2 ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ebb4 ,m>bles4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t !re is an allusion to ?is pa/ime 9 ,measure = ,measure 7i4 #c73 ,believe n t ! dribbl+ d>t ( love ,c pi]ce a complete bosom4 --dribbl+ be+ a t]m us$ 9 ! game ( m>bles = %oot+ sl[ly along ! gr\nd1 9 contradi/9ction to plump+1 :i* is elevat+ ! h& s t ! m>ble does n t\* ! gr\nd till x rea*es ! object ( its aim4#hjb ,accord+ to o!rs1 a dribbl] 0 a t]m 9 ar*]y expressive ( contempt4#hjc #hjb ,bak]'s ,nor?ampton%ire ,gloss>y1 #ahed1 vol4 i4 p4 #aih4 #hjc ,see ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #acd4 ,muss4 ,?is 0 a phrase = a scramble1 :5 any small objects 7 ?r[n d[n1 to be tak5 by ^? :o c\ld seize !m4 ,9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7iii4 #ac71 ,antony says3 ,l boys unto a muss1 k+s w\ld />t =?4 ,! ^w is us$ by ,dryd51 9 ! ,prologue to ! ,wid[ ,rant]3 ,bauble & cap no soon] are ?r[n d[n ,b !re's a muss ( m ?an half ! t[n4 ,n9e-,m5's-,morris4 ,?is ru/ic game1 :i* is /ill extant 9 "s p>ts ( ,engl&1 0 sometimes call$ ! n9e m5's m]rils1 f m]elles1 or m]eaux1 an anci5t ,fr5* ^w = ! jettons or c\nt]s ) :i* x 0 play$4#hjd ,! o!r t]m1 morris1 is probably a corruption sugge/$ by ! sort ( dance :i*1 9 ! progress ( ! game1 ! c\nt]s p]=m$4 ,"s consid]#hje t x 0 id5tical ) ! game kn[n z ,n9e-holes1#hjf m5tion$ by ,h]rick 9 8 ,hesp]ides3 ,raspe playes at n9e-holes1 & 'tis kn[n he gets ,_m a te/] by 8 game1 & bets4 #hjd ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #add4 #hje ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #fje4 #hjf ,see ,/rutt's ,sports & ,pa/imes1 #ahgf1 pp4 #cfh1 #cfi4 ,cotgrave speaks ( ,le jeu des m]elles1 ! boyi% game call$ m]ills1 or five p5nie morris1 play$ "h mo/ commonly ) /ones1 b 9 ,france ) pawns or m5 made on purpose1 & t]m$ m]elles4 ,x 0 also call$ peg morris1 z is evid5c$ by ,cl>e1 :o1 9 8 ,rural ,muse1 speak+ ( ! %eph]d boy1 says3 ,(t we may track 8 haunts1 :]e he ha? be5 ,to sp5d ! leisure :i* 8 toils be/[1 ,by n9e-peg morris nick$ ^u ! gre54 ,! game is fully describ$ by ,james1 9 ! ,v>iorum ,%akespe>e1 z foll[s3 ,9 t "p ( ,w>wick%ire :]e ,%akespe>e 0 educat$1 & ! neighb\r+ p>ts ( ,nor?ampton%ire1 ! %eph]ds & o!r boys dig up ! turf ) _! knives to repres5t a sort ( imp]fect *essbo>d4 ,x consi/s ( a squ>e1 sometimes only a foot diamet]1 sometimes ?ree or f\r y>ds4 ,)9 ?is is ano!r squ>e1 e side ( :i* is p>allel to ! ext]nal squ>e2 & ^! squ>es are jo9$ by l9es drawn f ea* corn] ( bo? squ>es1 & ! middle ( ea* l9e4 ,"o p>ty or play] has wood5 pegs1 ! o!r /ones1 :i* !y move 9 su* a mann] z to take up ea* o!r's m51 z !y are call$1 & ! area ( ! inn] squ>e is call$ ! p\nd1 9 :i* ! m5 tak5 up are imp\nd$4 ,^! figures are1 by ! c\ntry p1 call$ n9e-m5's-morris1 or m]rils2 & are s call$ because ea* p>ty has n9e m54 ,^! figures are always cut ^u ! gre5 turf or leys1 z !y are call$1 or ^u ! grass at ! end ( pl\gh$ l&s1 & 9 ra9y seasons nev] fail to be *ok$ up ) mud4 ,?is v]ifies ! allusion made by ,%akespe>e 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #a73 ,! n9e m5's morris is fill'd up ) mud2 ,& ! qua9t mazes 9 ! wanton gre51 ,= lack ( tread are undi/+ui%able4 ,?is game 0 also transf]r$ to a bo>d1 & cont9ues a fireside recreation ( ! agricultural labor]4 ,x is (t5 call$ by ! "n ( ,mill1 or ,%eph]d's ,mill4#hjg #hjg ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #dbi1 #dcb4 ,noddy4 ,"s d\bt exi/s z to :at game at c>ds 0 signifi$ by ?is t]m4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t cribbage is meant4 ,mr4 ,s+] ?9ks x bore "s resemblance to ! m rec5t game ( ,beat ! ,knave out ( ,doors1 :i* is m5tion$ toge!r ) ,ruff & new coat 9 ,heywood's play ( ,a ,woman ,kill$ ) ,k9dness4 ,! game is probably allud$ to 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7i4 #b71 9 ! foll[+ dialogue3 ,p&>us4 ,:5 comes ,troilus8--,i'll %[ y ,troilus anon3 if he see me1 y %all see him nod at me4 ,cressida4 ,w he give y ! nod8 ,p&>us4 ,y %all see4 ,cressida4 ,if he d1 ! ri* %all h m4#hjh #hjh ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #fjf4 ,! t]m noddy 0 also appli$ to a fool1 because1 says ,m9%eu1 he nods :5 he %\ld speak4 ,9 ?is s5se x occurs 9 ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7i4 #a73 ,spe$4 ,y mi/ook1 sir3 ,i say1 %e did nod2 & y ask me1 if %e did nod2 & ,i say1 ',ay4' ,proteus4 ,& t set toge!r is noddy4 ,novem ,qu9que4 ,a game ( dice1 s call$ f its pr9cipal ?r[s be+ five & n9e4 ,x is allud$ to 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b7 by ,biron1 :o speaks ( x simply z novem4 ,p>i%-top4 ,=m]ly a top 0 kept = public ex]cise 9 a p>i%--a cu/om to :i* ! old writ]s (t5 ref]4 ,?us1 9 ,twelf? ,night 7i4 #c71 ,sir ,toby ,bel* says3 ,he's a c[>d1 & a coy/ril1 t w n dr9k to my niece till 8 bra9s turn o' ! toe l a p>i%-top4 ,on :i* passage ,mr4 ,/eev5s says3 ,a l>ge top 0 kept 9 e village1 to be :ipp$ 9 fro/y wea!r1 t ! peasants might be kept w>m by ex]cise1 & out ( mis*ief :ile !y c\ld n "w4 ,beaumont & ,flet*]1 9 ,?i]ry & ,!odoret 7ii4 #c71 speak ( ! practice3 ,i'll haz>d ,my life ^u x1 t a body ( twelve ,%\ld sc\rge him hi!r l a p>i% top1 ,& make him dance be=e y4 ,& 9 _! ,night ,walk] 7i4 #c7 !y m5tion ! t[n-top4 ,evelyn1 enum]at+ ! uses ( will[-wood1 speaks ( great t[n-topps4 ,mr4 ,knight#hji rem>ks t ! cu/om :i* exi/$ 9 ! "t ( ,elizabe?1 & probably long be=e1 ( a l>ge top be+ provid$ = ! amusem5t ( ! peasants 9 fro/y wea!r1 pres5ts a curi\s illu/ration ( ! mitigat+ influ5ces ( social k9dness 9 an age ( p5al legislation4 #hji ,pictorial ,%akespe>e1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ade4 ,prim]o4 ,9 ,%akespe>e's "t ?is 0 a v fa%ionable game at c>ds1 & h5ce is frequ5tly allud$ to by him4 ,x 0 kn[n "u ! v>i\s designations ( ,prim]o1 ,prime1 & ,primavi/a2 &1 accord+ to ,/rutt1#haj has be5 reckon$ among ! mo/ anci5t games ( c>ds kn[n to h be5 play$ 9 ,engl&4 ,%akespe>e speaks ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 7v4 #a7 play+ at prim]o ) ! ,duke ( ,suffolk1 & makes ,fal/aff exclaim1 9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7iv4 #e71 ,i nev] prosp]$ s9ce ,i =swore myself at prim]o4 ,t x 0 ! c\rt game is %[n 9 a v curi\s picture describ$ by ,mr4 ,b>r+ton1 9 ! ,ar*ologia 7vol4 viii4 p4 #acb71 :i* repres5ts ,"l ,burleigh play+ at ?is pa/ime ) ?ree o!r noblem54 ,prim]o cont9u$ to be ! mo/ fa%ionable game ?r\gh\t ! reigns ( ,h5ry ,,viii41 ,edw>d ,,vi41 ,m>y1 ,elizabe?1 & ,james ,i4#haa ,9 ! ,e>l ( ,nor?umb]l&'s lett]s ab\t ! ,gunp[d]-plot we f9d t ,joscel9e ,p]cy 0 play+ at prim]o on ,sunday1 :5 8 uncle1 ! conspirator1 call$ on him at ,essex ,h\se2 & 9 ! ,sydney ,pap]s !re is an acc\nt ( a qu>rel betwe5 ,"l ,s\?ampton & "o ,ambrose ,will\ghby1 on acc\nt ( ! =m] p]si/+ to play at prim]o 9 ! pres5ce-*amb] aft] ! que5 _h retir$ to re/4 ,! mann] ( play+ 0 ?us3 ,ea* play] _h f\r c>ds dealt to him "o by "o2 ! sev5 0 ! highe/ c>d 9 po9t ( numb] t he c\ld avail himself (1 :i* c\nt$ = tw5ty-"o2 ! six c\nt$ = sixte51 ! five = fifte51 & ! ace = ! same2 b ! two1 ! ?ree1 & ! f\r = _! respective po9ts only4 #haj ,sports & ,pa/imes4 #haa ,smi?'s ,fe/ivals1 ,games1 & ,amusem5ts1 #ahca1 p4 #cbj4 ,!re may be fur!r allusions to ?is game 9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7ii4 #a71 :]e ,tranio says3 ,a v5geance on y\r crafty1 )]'d hide6 ,yet ,i h fac$ x ) a c>d ( t5 --! phrase to face x ) a c>d ( t5 be+ d]iv$1 z "s sugge/1 possibly f prim]o1 :]e9 ! /&+ boldly on a t5 0 (t5 successful4 ,to face meant1 z x /ill does1 to attack by impud5ce ( face4 ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7v4 #c7 ,suffolk speaks ( a cool+ c>d1 :i* ,n>es consid]s is borr[$ f prim]o--a c>d s decisive z to cool ! c\rage ( ! adv]s>y4 ,gif=d objects to ?is explanation1 & says a cool+-c>d is1 lit]ally1 a bolus4 ,!re c be no d\bt1 h[ev]1 t1 metaphorically1 ! t]m 0 us$ to d5ote some?+ :i* damp$ or ov]:elm$ ! hopes ( an expectant4 ,?us1 9 ,flet*]'s ,isl& ,pr9cess 7i4 #c71 ,p9i]o says3 ,^! hot y\?s ,i fe> w f9d a cool+-c>d4 ,pu%-p9 0 a fooli% sport1 consi/+ 9 no?+ m ?an pu%+ "o p9 across ano!r4 ,biron1 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7iv4 #c71 speaks ( ,ne/or play+ at pu%-p9 ) ! boys4 ,qu9ta94 ,?is 0 a figure set up = tilt]s to run at1 9 mock resemblance ( a t\rnam5t1 & is allud$ to 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7i4 #b7 by ,orl&o1 :o says3 ,my bett] p>ts ,are all ?r[n d[n1 & t :i* "h /&s up ,is b a qu9ta91 a m]e lifeless block4 ,x _c be bett] or m m9utely describ$ ?an 9 ! words ( ,mr4 ,/rutt3#hab ,tilt+ or combat+ at ! qu9ta9 is a milit>y ex]cise ( high antiquity1 & antec$5t1 ,i d\bt n1 to ! j\/s & t\rnam5ts4 ,! qu9ta9 orig9ally 0 no?+ m ?an ! trunk ( a tree or po/ set up = ! practice ( ! tyros 9 *ivalry4 ,aft]w>ds a /aff or spe> 0 fix$ 9 ! e>?1 & a %ield be+ hung ^u x1 0 ! m>k to /rike at4 ,! dext]ity ( ! p]=m] consi/$ 9 smit+ ! %ield 9 su* a mann] z to break ! ligatures & be> x to ! gr\nd4 ,9 process ( "t ?is div]sion 0 improv$1 & in/ead ( a /aff & ! %ield1 ! resemblance ( a human figure c>v$ 9 wood 0 introduc$4 ,to r5d] ! appe>ance ( ?is figure m =midable1 x 0 g5]ally made 9 ! lik5ess ( a ,turk or a ,s>ac51 arm$ at all po9ts1 be>+ a %ield ^u 8 left arm1 & br&i%+ a club or a sabre ) 8 "r4 ,! qu9ta9 ?us fa%ion$ 0 plac$ ^u a pivot1 & s contriv$ z to move r\nd ) facility4 ,9 runn+ at ?is figure1 x 0 necess>y = ! horseman to direct 8 lance ) great adroitness1 & make 8 /roke ^u ! =ehead betwe5 ! eyes1 or ^u ! nose2 = if he /ruck wide ( ^? p>ts1 especially ^u ! %ield1 ! qu9ta9 turn$ ab\t ) mu* velocity1 &1 9 case he 0 n exce$+ly c>eful1 w\ld give him a sev]e bl[ ^u ! back ) ! wood5 sabre held 9 ! "r h&1 :i* 0 consid]$ z highly disgraceful to ! p]=m]1 :ile x excit$ ! laught] & ridicule ( ! spectators4#hac ,9 ,b5 ,jonson's ,und]woods x is ?us humor\sly m5tion$3 ,g1 ,capta9 ,/ub1 lead on1 & %[ ,:at horse y come on1 by ! bl[ ,y give ,sir ,qu9ta91 & ! cuff ,y 'scape o' ! s&bags c\nt]buff4 #hab ,sports & ,pa/imes1 #ahgf1 p4 #ahb4 #hac ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gac4 ,quoits4 ,?is game d]iv$ its orig91 accord+ to ,/rutt1#had f ! anci5t discus1 & ) u1 at ! pres5t day1 x is a circul> plate ( iron p]=at$ 9 ! middle1 n always ( "o size1 b l>g] or small]1 to suit ! /r5g? or conv5i5cy ( ! sev]al c&idates4 ,x is ref]r$ to 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d71 by ,fal/aff1 :o assigns z "o ( ! reasons :y ,pr9ce ,h5ry loves ,po9s3 ,because _! legs are bo? ( a bigness1 & 'a plays at quoits well4 #had ,sports & ,pa/imes1 p4 #ada4 ,=m]ly1 9 ! c\ntry1 ! ru/ics1 n hav+ ! r\nd p]=at$ quoits to play )1 us$ horse-%oes2 & 9 _m places ! quoit itself1 to ?is day1 is call$ a %oe4 ,runn+ = ! r+4 ,?is1 accord+ to ,/aunton1 0 ! "n ( a sport1 a r+ hav+ be5 "o ( ! prizes =m]ly giv5 9 wre/l+ & runn+ mat*es4 ,?us1 9 ! ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7i4 #a71 ,hort5sio says3 ,he t runs fa/e/ gets ! r+4 ,runn+ ! figure ( eight4 ,/eev5s says t ?is game is allud$ to by ,%akespe>e 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #a71 :]e ,titania speaks ( ! qua9t mazes 9 ! wanton gre54 ,mr4 ,halliwell-,phillipps1 9 ref]r+ to ?is passage1 says3 ,sev]al mazes ( ! k9d "h allud$ to are /ill pres]v$1 hav+ be5 kept up f "t immemorial4 ,on ! top ( ,ca!r9e ,hill1 ,w9*e/]1 ! usual play-place ( ! s*ool1 0 a v p]plex$ & w9d+ pa?1 runn+ 9 a v small space ov] a great deal ( gr\nd1 call$ a miz-maze4 ,! s5ior boys oblig$ ! juniors to tread x1 to prev5t ! figure f be+ lo/1 & ,i believe x is /ill reta9$4#hae #hae ,see ,miln]'s ,hi/ory ( ,w9*e/]1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aee4 ,see-,saw4 ,ano!r "n = ?is *ildi% sport is t giv5 by ,fal/aff 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d71 :]e he calls x rid+ ! wild m>e4 ,gay ?us describes ?is well-kn[n game3 ,across ! fall5 oak ! plank ,i laid1 ,& myself pois'd aga9/ ! tott'r+ maid2 ,high leap'd ! plank1 ad[n ,buxonia fell4 ,%ove-,groat4 ,! object ( ?is game 0 to %ake or pu% pieces ( money on a bo>d to rea* c]ta9 m>ks4 ,x is allud$ to 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d71 :]e ,fal/aff says3 ,quoit him d[n1 ,b>dolph1 l a %ove-groat %ill+2 or1 9 o!r words1 ,b>dolph 0 to quoit ,pi/ol d[n-/airs z quickly z ! smoo? %ill+--! %ove-groat--flies along ! bo>d4 ,9 a /atute ( #cc ,h5ry ,,viii41 %ove-groat is call$ a new game1 & 0 probably orig9ally play$ ) ! silv] groat4 ,! broad %ill+ ( ,edw>d ,,vi4 came aft]w>ds to be us$ 9 ?is game1 :i* 01 no d\bt1 ! same z %ovel-bo>d1 ) ! exception t ! latt] 0 on a l>g] scale4 ,ma/] ,sl5d]1 9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7i4 #a71 _h 8 pocket pick$ ( two ,edw>d %ovel-bo>ds1 t co/ me two %ill+ & two p5ce a-piece4 ,mr4 ,halliwell-,phillipps1 9 describ+ ! game 9 8 ,ar*aic ,diction>y1 says t a %ill+ or o!r smoo? co9 0 plac$ on ! extreme edge ( ! %ovel-bo>d1 & propell$ t[>ds a m>k by a sm>t /roke ) ! palm ( ! h&4 ,x is m5tion$ "u v>i\s names1 accord+ to ! co9 employ$1 z %ove-groat1#haf etc4 ,! game ( %ove-halfp5ny is m5tion$ 9 ! ,times ( ,april #be1 #ahde1 z !n play$ by ! l[] ord]s4 ,accord+ to ,/rutt1 x 0 analog\s to ! mod]n pa/ime call$ ,ju/ice ,j]vis1 or ,j>vis1 :i* is conf9$ to common pot-h\ses4 #haf ,accord+ to ,d\ce1 ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e 7#ahci1 p4 #bhj71 x 0 kn[n z slide-groat1 slide-bo>d1 slide-?rift1 & slip-?rift4 ,see ,/rutt's ,sports & ,pa/imes1 #ahgf1 pp4 #af1 #cid1 #cih2 ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gia2 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dda4 ,sn[balls4 ,^! are allud$ to 9 ,p]icles 7iv4 #f71 & 9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7iii4 #e74 ,span-c\nt]4 ,9 ?is boyi% game "o ?r[s a c\nt]1 or piece ( money1 :i* ! o!r w9s1 if he c ?r[ ano!r s z to hit x1 or lie )9 a span ( x4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iv4 #b71 ,cade says3 ,tell ! k+ f me1 t1 = 8 fa!r's sake1 ,h5ry ! ,fif?1 9 ^: "t boys w5t to span-c\nt] = ,fr5* cr[ns1 ,i am cont5t he %all reign4 ,x is call$ 9 ,france tapp]2 & 9 ,swift's "t 0 play$ ) f>?+s1 z he calls x span-f>?+4#hag #hag ,see ,/rutt's ,sports & ,pa/imes1 #ahgf1 p4 #dia4 ,/ool-ball4 ,?is game1 allud$ to 9 ! ,two ,noble ,k9sm5 7v4 #b71 0 =m]ly popul> among "y wom51 & occasionally 0 play$ by p]sons ( bo? sexes indiscrim9ately1 z ! foll[+ l9es1 f a song writt5 by ,durfey = 8 play ( ,don ,quixote1 act$ at ,dorset ,g>d5s1 9 #afid1 %[3#hah ,d[n 9 a vale on a summ]'s day1 ,all ! lads & lasses met to be m]ry2 ,a mat* = kisses at /ool-ball to play1 ,& = cakes1 & ale1 & sid]1 & p]ry4 ,*orus--,come all1 great1 small1 %ort1 tall1 away to /ool-ball4 #hah ,quot$ by ,/rutt1 ,sports & ,pa/imes1 p4 #aff4 ,/rutt in=ms u t ?is game1 z play$ 9 ! nor?1 consi/s 9 simply sett+ a /ool ^u ! gr\nd1 & "o ( ! play]s takes 8 place be=e x1 :ile 8 antagoni/1 /&+ at a di/ance1 tosses a ball ) ! int5tion ( /rik+ ! /ool2 & ?is is ! bus9ess ( ! =m] to prev5t by beat+ x away ) ! h&1 reckon+ "o to ! game = e /roke ( ! ball2 if1 on ! contr>y1 x %\ld be miss$ by ! h& & t\* ! /ool1 ! play]s *ange places4 ,! conqu]or is he :o /rikes ! ball mo/ times be=e x t\*es ! /ool4 ,t5nis4 ,accord+ to a /ory told by ! old annali/s1 "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ hi/orical ev5ts 9 connection ) ?is game happ5$ :5 ,h5ry ,v4 0 m$itat+ w> aga9/ ,france4 ,! ,dolph91 says ,hall 9 8 ,*ronicle1 ?ynkyng ,k+ ,h5ry to be giv5 /ill to su* plaies & lyght folies z he ex]cis$ & us$ be=e ! tyme t he 0 exalt$ to ! ,cr\ne1 s5t to hym a tunne ( t5nis balles to plaie )1 z :o sai$ t he _h bett] skill ( t5nis ?an ( w>re4 ,on ! f\ndation ( ?is incid5t1 z told by ,hol9%$1 ,%akespe>e has con/ruct$ 8 f9e sc5e ( ! ,fr5* ,ambassadors' audi5ce 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7i4 #b74 ,z soon z ! fir/ ,ambassador has giv5 ! ,dauph9's message & insult+ gift1 ! ,engli% k+ speaks ?us3 ,we are glad ! ,dauph9 is s pleasant ) u2 ,8 pres5t & y\r pa9s we ?ank y =3 ,:5 we h mat*'d our rackets to ^! balls1 ,we w1 9 ,france1 by ,god's grace1 play a set ,%all /rike 8 fa!r's cr[n into ! haz>d4 ,tell him1 he ha? made a mat* ) su* a wrangl] ,t all ! c\rts ( ,france w be di/urb'd ,) *ases4 ,9 ,hamlet 7ii4 #a71 ,polonius speaks ( ?is pa/ime1 & alludes to fall+ out at t5nis4 ,9 ! sixte5? c5tury t5nis-c\rts 7 common 9 ,engl&1 & ! e/abli%m5t ( su* places 0 c\nt5anc$ by ! example ( royalty4 ,x is evid5t t ,h5ry ,,vii4 0 a t5nis-play]4 ,9 a ,,ms4 regi/] ( 8 exp5ditures1 made 9 ! ?irte5? ye> ( 8 reign1 ?is entry occurs3 ,item1 = ! k+'s loss at t5nis1 twelvep5ce2 = ! loss ( balls1 ?reep5ce4 ,/[1 9 8 ,survey ( ,london1 tells u t among ! additions t ,k+ ,h5ry ,,viii4 made to ,:itehall1 7 div]s fair t5nis-c\rts1 b[l+-allies1 & a cock-pit4 ,*>les ,,ii4 frequ5tly div]t$ himself ) play+ at t5nis1 & _h a p>ticul> k9d ( dress made = t purpose4 ,p]icles1 :5 he is %ipwreck$ & ca/ ^u ! coa/ ( ,p5tapolis1 addresses himself & ! ?ree fi%]m5 :om he *ances to meet ?us 7,p]icles1 ii4 #a73 ,a man :om bo? ! wat]s & ! w9d1 ,9 t va/ t5nis-c\rt1 h made ! ball ,= !m to play ^u1 entreats y pity him4 ,9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7iii4 #b71 ,claudio1 ref]r+ to ,b5$ick1 says3 ! old ornam5t ( 8 *eek ha? already /uff$ t5nis-balls2#hai & 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7iii4 #g71 ! ,dauph9 says 8 horse b\nds f ! e>? z if 8 entrails 7 hairs4 ,aga91 b&y 0 orig9ally a t]m at t5nis1 to :i* ,juliet ref]s 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7ii4 #e71 :5 speak+ ( h] ,nurse3 ,_h %e affections1 & w>m y\?ful blood1 ,%e'd be z swift 9 motion z a ball2 ,my words w\ld b&y h] to my sweet love1 ,& 8 to me4 #hai ,9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b71 ! ,pr9cess speaks ( a set ( wit well play'd2 ^u :i* ,mr4 ,s+] 7,%akespe>e1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bfc7 adds t a set is a t]m at t5nis = a game4 ,also1 ,k+ ,le> 7i4 #d7 says to ,oswald3 ,d y b&y looks ) me1 y rascal8 ,tick-tack4 ,?is 0 a sort ( backgammon1 & is allud$ to by ,lucio 9 ,measure = ,measure 7i4 #b7 :o1 ref]r+ to ,claudio's unpleasant pr$icam5t1 says3 ,i w\ld be sorry %\ld be ?us fooli%ly lo/ at a game ( tick-tack4 ,9 ,weav]'s ,lu/y ,juv5tus1 ,hipocrisye1 see+ ,lu/y ,juv5tus kiss ,abhom9able ,lyu+1 says3 ,:at a hurly burly is "h6 ,smicke smacke1 & all ?ys g]e6 ,y well w to tycke take1 ,i f]e1 ,if ?\ _h tyme4#hbj #hbj ,quot$ by ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #ddi2 see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dde4 ,j\] au tric-trac is us$1 too1 9 ,france 9 a wanton s5se4 ,tray-trip4 ,?is 0 probably a game at c>ds1 play$ ) dice z well z ) c>ds1 ! success 9 :i* *iefly dep5d$ ^u ! ?r[+ ( treys4 ,?us1 9 a satire call$ ,ma*ivell's ,dog 7#afag73 ,b1 leav+ c>des1 lets g to dice a :ile1 ,to passage1 treitrippe1 haz>de1 or mum*ance4 ,9 ,twelf? ,night 7ii4 #e74 ,sir ,toby ,bel* asks3 ,%all ,i play my fre$om at tray-trip1 & become ?y bond-slave8 ,x may be rememb]$1 too1 t 9 ,! ,scornful ,lady ( ,beaumont & ,flet*] 7ii4 #a71 ! ,*apla9 compla9s t ! ,butl] _h brok5 8 head1 & be+ ask$ ! reason1 says1 = ,reprov+ him at tra-trip1 sir1 = swe>+4 ,"s are ( op9ion t x resembl$ ! game ( hopscot*1 or ,scot*-hop2 b ?is1 says ,n>es1#hba seems to re/ m]ely ^u unau?oriz$ conjecture4 #hba ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #hif4 ,troll-my-dame4 ,! game ( ,troll-madam1 /ill famili> z ,bagatelle1 0 borr[$ f ! ,fr5* 7,tr\-madame74 ,"o ( its names 0 ,pigeon-holes1 because play$ on a bo>d1 at "o end ( :i* 7 a numb] ( ar*es1 l pigeon-holes1 into :i* small balls _h to be b[l$4 ,9 ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #b71 x is m5tion$ by ,autolycus1 :o1 9 answ] to ! ,cl[n1 says t ! mann] ( fell[ t robb$ him 0 "o t he _h kn[n to g ab\t ) troll-my-dames4 ,cotgrave decl>es x z ! game call$ ,trunkes1 or ! ,hole4 ,trump4 ,?is 0 probably ! triumfo ( ! ,italians1 & ! triomphe ( ! ,fr5*--be+ p]haps ( equal antiquity 9 ,engl& ) prim]o4 ,at ! latt] end ( ! sixte5? c5tury x 0 v common among ! inf]ior classes4 ,!re is1 no d\bt1 a p>ticul> allusion to ?is game 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7iv4 #ad71 :]e ,antony says3 ! que5-- ,^: he>t ,i ?\ght ,i _h1 = %e _h m9e2 ,:i*1 :il/ x 0 m9e1 _h annex'd unto't ,a million m1 n[ lo/--%e1 ,eros1 has ,pack'd c>ds ) ,cs>1 & false-play'd my glory ,unto an enemy's triumph4 ,! poet meant to say1 t ,cleopatra1 by collusion1 play$ ! great game !y 7 engag$ 9 falsely1 s z to sacrifice ,antony's fame to t ( 8 enemy4 ,!re is an equivoque betwe5 trump & triumph4 ,! game 9 "q bore a v /rong resemblance to our mod]n :i/--! only po9ts ( dissimil>ity be+ t m or less ?an f\r p]sons might play at trump2 t all ! c>ds 7 n dealt out2 & t ! deal] _h ! privilege ( disc>d+ "s1 & tak+ o!rs 9 f ! /ock4 ,9 ,eliot's ,fruits = ! ,fr5*1 #aeic1 x is call$ a v common ale-h\se game 9 ,engl&4 ,wre/l+4 ,( ! _m allusions t are giv5 by ,%akespe>e to ?is pa/ime1 we may quote ! phrase to cat* on ! hip1 made use ( by ,%ylock 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7i4 #c71 :o1 speak+ ( ,antonio1 says1 ,if ,i c cat* him once ^u ! hip1 ,i w fe$ fat ! anci5t grudge ,i be> him --! mean+ be+1 to h at an entire advantage4#hbb ,! expression occurs aga9 9 ,o!llo 7ii4 #a71 :]e ,iago says3 ,i'll h our ,mi*ael ,cassio on ! hip4 #hbb ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #bjh4 ,n>es1#hbc h[ev]1 consid]s ! phrase 0 d]iv$ f hunt+2 because1 :5 ! animal pursu$ is seiz$ ^u ! hip1 x is f9ally disabl$ f flight4 #hbc ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #dba4 ,9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7ii4 #c71 :]e ,adam speaks ( ! bonny pris] ( ! humor\s duke1 ,s+] consid]s t a pris] 0 ! phrase = a wre/l]1 a prise be+ a t]m 9 t sport = a grappl+ or hold tak54 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,dances4 ,we are indebt$ to ,%akespe>e = hav+ bequea!d to u _m int]e/+ allusions to "s ( ! old dances 9 use 9 8 day1 b :i* h long ago pass$ into oblivion4 ,z w be se51 ^! 7 ( a v div]se "*1 b1 z has be5 rem>k$1 7 well suit$ to ! m]ry do+s ( our =efa!rs2 & al?\gh 9 "s cases !y ju/ly m]it$ c5sure = _! extravagant nature1 yet ! great] "p ( ^! s\rces ( div]sion 7 h>mless4 ,inde$1 no m pleas+ picture c be imag9$ ?an t ( a ru/ic %eep-%e>+ ga!r+ 9 ! old5 times1 :51 ! "w ov]1 ! peasantry jo9$ toge!r 9 "s simple dance1 ea* "o vie+ ) 8 neighbor to p]=m 8 "p ) z mu* grace z possible4 ,antic4 ,?is 0 a grotesque dance4 ,9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #a71 ! wit*1 p]ceiv+ h[ ,macbe? is affect$ by ! horrible app>itions :i* he has se51 says to h] si/]s3 ,come1 si/]s1 *e] we up 8 sprites1 ,& %[ ! be/ ( our delights4 ,i'll *>m ! air to give a s\nd1 ,:ile y p]=m y\r antic r\nd4 ,to quote ano!r in/ance1 ,armado1 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #a71 says3 ,we w h1 if ?is fadge n1 an antique4 ,b]gomask ,dance4 ,accord+ to ,sir ,?omas ,hanm]1 ?is 0 a dance aft] ! mann] ( ! peasants ( ,b]gomasco1 a c\nty 9 ,italy belong+ to ! ,v5etians4 ,all ! buffoons 9 ,italy affect$ to imitate ! ridicul\s j>gon ( t p1 & f !nce x became cu/om>y to mimic also _! mann] ( danc+4 ,9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7v4 #a71 ,bottom asks ,!seus :e!r he w\ld l to he> a ,b]gomask dance1 betwe5 two ( _! company4 ,brawl4 ,?is 0 a k9d ( dance4 ,x appe>s t sev]al p]sons unit$ h&s 9 a circle1 & gave "o ano!r cont9ual %akes1 ! /eps *ang+ ) ! tune4 ,) ?is dance balls 7 usually op5$4#hbd ,kiss+ 0 occasionally introduc$4 ,9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7iii4 #a71 ,mo? asks 8 ma/]3 ,w y w9 y\r love ) a ,fr5* brawl4 #hbd ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #acd4 ,can>y4 ,?is 0 ! "n ( a sprightly dance1 ! music to :i* consi/$ ( two /ra9s ) eight b>s 9 ea*2 an allusion to :i* is made by ,mo? 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7iii4 #a71 :o speaks ( jigg+ (f a tune at ! tongue's end1 & can>y+ to x ) ! feet4 ,& 9 ,all's ,well t ,end's ,well 7ii4 #a71 ,lafeu tells ! k+ t he has se5 a m$ic9e t's able to brea! life into a /one1 ,quick5 a rock1 & make y dance can>y ,) spritely fire & motion4 ,?is dance is said to h orig9at$ 9 ! ,can>y ,isl&s1 an op9ion1 h[ev]1 :i* has1 says ,dyce1 be5 disput$4#hbe #hbe ,see ,*appell's ,popul> ,music ( ! ,old5 ,"t1 #b;d edition1 vol4 i4 p4 #cfh2 ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #fc4 ,c9que-pace4 ,?is 0 s nam$ f its /eps be+ regulat$ by ! numb] five3 ,five 0 ! numb] ( ! music's feet1 ,:i* /ill ! dance did ) five paces meet4#hbf #hbf ,quot$ by ,n>es f ,sir ,john ,davies on ,danc+4 ,mr4 ,dyce1 ,gloss>y1 p4 #ha1 says t ,n>es wrongly conf\nd$ ?is ) ! gall>d4 ,9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7ii4 #a71 ,%akespe>e makes ,beatrice make a quibble ^u ! t]m2 = aft] comp>+ woo+1 w$d+1 & rep5t+ to a ,scot* jig1 a measure1 & a c9que-pace1 %e says3 !n comes rep5tance1 &1 ) 8 bad legs1 falls into ! c9que-pace fa/] & fa/]1 till he s9k into 8 grave4 ,a fur!r ref]5ce occurs 9 ,twelf? ,night 7i4 #c71 by ,sir ,toby ,bel*1 :o calls x a s9k-a-pace4 ,coranto4 ,an allusion to ?is dance1 :i* appe>s to h be5 ( a v lively & rapid "*1 is made 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7iii4 #e71 :]e ! ,duke ( ,b\rbon describes x z ! swift coranto2 & 9 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well 7ii4 #c7 ,lafeu ref]s to x4 ,a fur!r notice ( x occurs 9 ,twelf? ,night 7i4 #c71 9 ! passage :]e ,sir ,toby ,bel* speaks ( com+ home 9 a coranto4 ,fad+4 ,malone quotes a passage f ,sportive ,wit1 #afff1 :i* implies t ?is 0 a ru/ic dance3 ,! c\rti]s scorn u c\ntry cl[ns1 ,we c\ntry cl[ns d scorn ! c\rt2 ,we c be z m]ry ^u ! d[ns ,z y at midnight ) all y\r sport1 ,) a fad+1 ) a fad+4 ,x w\ld appe>1 also1 f a lett] app5d$ to ,boswell's edition ( ,malone1 t x 0 an ,iri% dance1 & t x 0 practis$1 ^u rejoic+ occasions1 z rec5tly z #ahjc1 ! date ( ! lett]3 ,?is dance is /ill practis$ on rejoic+ occasions 9 _m p>ts ( ,irel&2 a k+ & que5 are *os5 f among/ ! "y p]sons :o are ! be/ danc]s2 ! que5 c>ries a g>l& compos$ ( two hoops plac$ at "r angles1 & fa/5$ to a h&le2 ! hoops are cov]$ ) fl[]s & ribbons2 y h se5 x1 ,i d>e say1 ) ! ,may-maids4 ,frequ5tly 9 ! c\rse ( ! dance ! k+ & que5 lift up _! jo9$ h&s z high z !y c1 %e /ill hold+ ! g>l& 9 ! o!r4 ,! mo/ remote c\ple f ! k+ & que5 fir/ pass "u2 all ! re/ ( ! l9e l9k$ toge!r foll[ 9 succession4 ,:5 ! la/ has pass$1 ! k+ & que5 sudd5ly face ab\t & front _! companions2 ?is is (t5 repeat$ dur+ ! dance1 & ! v>i\s undulations are pretty en\gh1 resembl+ ! movem5ts ( a s]p5t4 ,! danc]s on ! fir/ ( ,may visit su* newly w$d$ pairs ( a c]ta9 rank z h be5 m>ri$ s9ce la/ ,may-day 9 ! neighborhood1 :o commonly be/[ on !m a /uff$ ball ri*ly deck$ ) gold & silv] lace1 & accompani$ ) a pres5t 9 money1 to regale !mselves aft] ! dance4 ,?is dance is practis$ :5 ! bonfires are light$ up1 ! que5 hail+ ! return ( summ] 9 a popul> ,iri% song beg9n+3 ',we lead on summ]--see6 %e foll[s 9 our tra94' ,9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #d71 ,%akespe>e seems to allude to ?is dance :]e he makes ! s]vant1 speak+ ( ! p$l]1 say3 he has ! prettie/ love songs = maids2 s )\t bawdry1 :i* is /range2 ) su* delicate burd5s ( 'dildos' & 'fad+s4' ,"s comm5tators1#hbg h[ev]1 consid] t only ! song is meant4 #hbg ,see ,knight's ,pictorial ,%akespe>e1 vol4 ii4 p4 #cge2 ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 #ahcf1 p4 #aeb2 ,briti% ,popul> ,cu/oms1 #ahgf1 pp4 #bgf1 #bgg4 ,see also ,*appell's ,popul> ,music ( ! ,old5 ,"t1 #b;d edition1 vol4 i4 p4 #bce2 ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #bib4 ,hay4 ,d\ce#hbh says ?is dance 0 borr[$ by u f ! ,fr5*1 & is class$ among ! brawls 9 ,?o9ot ,arbeau's ,or*esographie 7#aehh74 ,9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #a71 ,dull says3 ,i w play on tabor to ! ,wor?ies1 & let !m dance _! hay4 #hbh ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #adf4 ,jig4 ,besides mean+ a m]ry1 sprightly dance1 a jig also impli$ a co>se sort ( comic ent]ta9m5t1 9 :i* s5se x is probably us$ by ,hamlet 7ii4 #b73 ,he's = a jig or a tale ( bawdry4 ,x seems1 says ,mr4 ,colli]1#hbi to h be5 a ludicr\s composition 9 rhyme1 sung1 or said1 by ! cl[n1 & accompani$ by danc+ & play+ ^u ! pipe & tabor4#hcj an in/ance ( :i* p]haps occurs 9 ! ,cl[n's song at ! close ( ,twelf? ,night3 ,:5 t ,i 0 & a little t9y boy4 #hbi ,hi/ory ( ,engli% ,dramatic ,poetry1 vol4 iii4 p4 #chj2 see ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #bbi2 ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #dej2 ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 ix4 pp4 #aih1 #bai4 #hcj ,hamlet3 iii4 #b3 y\r only jig-mak]4 ,flet*]1 9 ! ,prologue to ! ,fair ,maid ( ! ,inn1 says3 ,a jig %\ld be clapt at1 & e rhyme ,prais$ & applaud$ by a clamor\s *ime4 ,among ! allusions to ?is dance we may quote "o 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7ii4 #a71 :]e ,beatrice comp>es woo+ to a ,scot* jig2 & ano!r 9 ,twelf? ,night 7i4 #c71 :]e ,sir ,toby ,bel* says1 8 v walk %\ld be a jig4 ,lavolta4 ,accord+ to ,florio1 ! lavolta is a k9d ( turn+ ,fr5* dance1 9 :i* ! man turns ! woman r\nd sev]al times1 & !n assi/s h] 9 mak+ a high spr+ or cabriole4 ,x is ?us describ$ by ,sir ,john ,davies3 ,yet is !re "o ! mo/ delightful k9d4 ,a l(tie jump+1 or a leap+ r\nd1 ,:]e arme 9 arme two daunc]s are entw9$1 ,& :irle !mselves1 ) /rict embracem5ts b\nd2 ,& /ill _! feet an anape/ d s\nd1 ,an anape/ is all _! musicks song1 ,^: fir/ two feet are %ort1 & ?ird is long4 ,d\ce1#hca h[ev]1 consid]s x to be ( ,italian orig91 & says1 ,x pass$ f ,italy into ,prov5ce & ! re/ ( ,france1 & !nce into ,engl&4 ,scot1 too1 9 8 ,discov]y ( ,wit*craft1 ?us speaks ( x3 ,he sai?1 t ^! night-walk+1 or r night-danc+1 wit*es1 br\ght out ( ,italie into ,france t dance :i* is call$ la ,volta4 ,%akespe>e1 9 8 ,h5ry ,v4 7iii4 #e71 makes ! ,duke ( ,b\rbon allude to x3 ,!y bid u to ! ,engli% danc+-s*ools1 ,& tea* lavoltas high1 & swift corantos4 #hca ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #cja2 see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dih4 ,aga91 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7iv4 #d71 ,troilus says3 ,i _c s+1 ,nor heel ! high lavolt4 ,light o' ,love4 ,?is 0 an old dance tune1 & 0 a prov]bial expression = levity1 especially 9 love matt]s4#hcb ,9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7iii4 #d71 ,m>g>et says3 ,clap's into ',light o' love2' t goes )\t a burd52 d y s+ x1 & ,i'll dance x2 to :i* ,beatrice answ]s3 ,yea1 light o' love1 ) y\r heels4 #hcb ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #eaj4 ,9 ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7i4 #b71 x is allud$ to3 ,julia4 ,be/ s+ x to ! tune ( ',light o' love4' ,lucetta4 ,x is too heavy = s light a tune4 ,9 ! ,two ,noble ,k9sm5 7v4 #b71 we read3 ,he'll dance ! morris tw5ty mile an h\r4 ,& gallops to ! tune ( ',light o' love4' ,& 9 ,beaumont & ,flet*]'s ,*ances 7i4 #c71 ,fr$]ic says3 ,sure he has enc\nt]'d "s light-o'-love or o!r4 ,pavan4 ,?is 0 a grave & maje/ic dance1 9 :i* ! g5tlem5 wore _! caps1 swords1 & mantles1 & ! ladies _! long robes & tra9s4 ,! danc]s /epp$ r\nd ! room & !n cross$ 9 ! middle1 trail+ _! g>m5ts on ! gr\nd1 ! motion :]e(1 says ,sir ,j4 ,hawk9s1 resembl$ t ( a peacock's tail4 ,x is allud$ to 9 ,twelf? ,night 7v4 #a7 by ,sir ,toby3 ,a passy-measures pav91 al?\gh ! read+ ( ?is passage is unc]ta91 ! editors ( ! ,globe edition sub/itut+ panyn4 ,x has be5 conjectur$ t ! passy-measure galli>d1 & ! passy-measure pavan 7 only two diff]5t measures ( ! same dance1 f ! ,italian passamezzo4#hcc #hcc ,see ,dyce1 vol4 iii4 p4 #dab1 note #aba4 ,r\ndel4 ,?is 0 also call$ ! r\nd1 a dance ( a circul> k9d1 & is probably ref]r$ to by ,titania 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #b71 :]e %e says to h] tra93#hcd ,come n[1 a r\ndel & a fairy song4 #hcd ,r\ndel also meant a song4 ,mr4 ,dyce consid]s ! dance is "h meant4 ,b5 ,jonson1 9 ! ,tale ( a ,tub1#hce seems to call ! r+s1 :i* su* fairy dances are suppos$ to make1 r\ndels4 ,i'll h no r\ndels1 ,i1 9 ! que5's pa?s4 #hce ,see ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ccc4 ,satyrs' ,dance4 ,a dance ( satyrs 0 a n uncommon ent]ta9m5t 9 ,%akespe>e's day1 or ev5 at an e>li] p]iod4#hcf ,x 0 n conf9$ to ,engl&1 & has be5 r5d]$ memorable by ! fe>ful accid5t ) :i* x 0 accompani$ at ! ,c\rt ( ,france 9 #acib1 a graphic description ( :i* has be5 record$ by ,froiss>t4 ,9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #d71 ! satyrs' dance is allud$ to by ! ,s]vant1 :o says3 ,ma/]1 !re is ?ree c>t]s1 ?ree %eph]ds1 ?ree neat-h]ds1 ?ree sw9e-h]ds1 t h made !mselves all m5 ( hair2 !y call !mselves ,salti]s3 & !y h a dance :i* ! w5*es say is a gallimaufry ( gambols1 because !y are n 9't4 ,9 a book ( songs compos$ by ,?omas ,rav5scr(t & o!rs1 9 ! "t ( ,%akespe>e1 we f9d "o#hcg call$ ! ,satyres' daunce4 ,x is = f\r voices1 & is z foll[s3 ,r\nd a r\nd1 a r\nda1 keepe y\r r+ ,to ! glori\s sunne we s+4 ,hoe1 hoe6 ,he t we>es ! flam+ rayes1 ,& ! imp]iall cr[ne ( bayes1 ,him ) %\tes & songs we praise4 ,hoe1 hoe6 ,t 9 8 b\ntee w\ld v\*safe to grace ,! humble sylvanes & _! %aggy race4 #hcf ,see ,knight's ,pictorial ,%akespe>e1 vol4 ii4 p4 #chd2 ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 iv4 p4 #he2 ,boswell's ,%akespe>e1 vol4 xiv4 p4 #cga4 #hcg ,see ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #bbb4 ,sword-dance4 ,9 old5 times !re 7 sev]al k9ds ( sword-dances1 mo/ ( :i* af=d$ opportunities = ! display ( skill4 ,9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7iii4 #aa71 !re seems to be an allusion to ?is cu/om1 :]e ,antony1 speak+ ( ,cs>1 says3#hch he1 at ,philippi1 kept ,8 sword e'en l a danc]4 #hch ,see ,/rutt's ,sports & ,pa/imes1 #ahgf1 pp4 #cjj1 #cja2 ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #aic4 ,& 9 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well 7ii4 #a71 :]e ,b]tram1 lam5t+ t he is kept f ! w>s1 adds3 ,i %all /ay "h ! =ehorse to a smock1 ,creak+ my %oes on ! pla9 masonry1 ,till hon\r be b\ght up1 & no sword worn ,b "o to dance )4 ,9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7ii4 #a71 too1 ,demetrius says to ,*iron3 ,:y1 boy1 al?\gh our "m1 unadvis'd ,gave y a danc+-rapi] by y\r side4 ,tread a ,measure1 to :i* ! ,k+ ref]s 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b71 :5 he tells ,boyet to tell ,rosal9e we h measur'd _m miles1 ,to tread a measure ) h] on ?is grass1 0 a grave solemn dance1 ) sl[ & measur$ /eps1 l ! m9uet4 ,z x 0 ( s solemn a nature1 x 0 p]=m$#hci at public ent]ta9m5ts 9 ! ,inns ( ,c\rt1 & x 0 n unusual1 nor ?\ght inconsi/5t1 = ! fir/ *>act]s 9 ! law to be> a "p 9 tread+ a measure4 #hci ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bfi2 ,sir ,*ri/oph] ,hatton 0 fam\s = x4 ,trip & ,g 0 ! "n ( a favorite morris-dance1 & appe>s1 says ,mr4 ,*appell1 9 8 ,popul> ,music ( ! ,old5 ,times1 etc4 7#b;d edition1 vol4 i4 p4 #aca71 to h become a prov]bial expression4 ,x is us$ 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7iv4 #b74 ,up-spr+4 ,f ! foll[+ passage1 9 ,*apman's ,alphonsus1 ,emp]or ( ,g]many1 x w\ld seem t ?is 0 a ,g]man dance3 ,we ,g]mans h no *anges 9 our dances2 ,an alma9 & an up-spr+1 t is all4 ,k>l ,elze1#hdj :o1 a few ye>s ago1 repr9t$ ,*apman's ,alphonsus at ,leipsic1 says t ! ^w up-spr+ is ! ',hpfauf1' ! la/ & wilde/ dance at ! old ,g]man m]ry-mak+s4 ,no epi!t c\ld !re be m appropriate to ?is drunk5 dance ?an ,%akespe>e's swagg]+ 9 ,hamlet 7i4 #d73 ,! k+ do? wake to-night1 & takes 8 r\se1 ,keeps wassail1 & ! swagg]+ up-spr+ reels4 #hdj ,quot$ 9 ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #dgf4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,puni%m5ts4 ,%akespe>e has n omitt$ to notice _m ( ! puni%m5ts :i* 7 9 use 9 ye>s gone by2 ! scatt]$ allusions to ^! be+ int]e/+ 9 s f> z !y s]ve to illu/rate ! dome/ic mann]s & cu/oms ( our =efa!rs4 ,happily1 h[ev]1 ^! cruel tortures1 :i* d>k5 ! pages ( hi/ory1 h long ago pass$ into oblivion2 & at ! pres5t day x is difficult to believe t su* b>b>\s practices c\ld ev] h be5 tol]at$ 9 any civiliz$ c\ntry4 ,! horrible puni%m5t ( boil+ to dea?1 is m5tion$ 9 ,twelf? ,night 7ii4 #e71 :]e ,fabian says3 ,if ,i lose a scruple ( ?is sport1 let me be boil$ to dea? ) melan*oly4 ,9 ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iii4 #b71 ,paul9a inquires3 ,:at /udi$ torm5ts1 tyrant1 ha/ = me8 ,:at :eels8 racks8 fires8 ,:at flay+8 boil+ ,9 leads or oils8 ,:at old or new] torture ,mu/ ,i receive8 ,!re seems to be an indirect allusion to ?is puni%m5t 9 ,! ,two ,noble ,k9sm5 7iv4 #c71 :]e ! ,gaol]'s ,daught] 9 h] madness speaks ( ^? :o are mad1 or hang1 or dr[n !mselves1 be+ put into a caldron ( lead & usur]'s grease1 & !re boil+ l a gammon ( bacon t w nev] be en\gh4 ,! practice ( hold+ burn+ bas9s be=e ! eyes ( captives1 to de/roy _! eyesight1 is probably allud$ to by ,macbe? 7iv4 #a71 9 ! passage :]e ! app>itions are pres5t$ to him by ! wit*es3 ,?\ art too l ! _s ( ,banquo2 d[n6 ,?y cr[n does se> m9e eyeballs4#hda #hda ,halliwell-,phillipps's ,index to ,%akespe>e1 p4 #cf4 ,9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7ii4 #d71 soak+ 9 br9e z a puni%m5t is ref]r$ to by ,cleopatra1 :o says to ! mess5g]3 ,?\ %alt be :ipp'd ) wire1 & /ew'd 9 br9e1 ,sm>t+ 9 l+]+ pickle4 ,dr[n+ by ! tide1 a me?od ( puni%+ crim9als1 is probably notic$ 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7i4 #a71 by ,antonio3 ,we are m]ely *eat$ ( our lives by drunk>ds4 ,?is wide-*app'd rascal--w\ld ?\ might'/ lie dr[n+ ,! wa%+ ( t5 tides6 ,baffle4 ,?is 0 =m]ly a puni%m5t ( infamy inflict$ on recreant knights1 "o "p ( :i* consi/$ 9 hang+ !m up by ! heels1 to :i* ,fal/aff probably ref]s 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #b71 :]e he says to ! pr9ce1 call me villa91 & baffle me4 ,&1 fur!r on 7ii4 #d73 if ?\ do/ x half s gravely1 s maje/ically1 bo? 9 ^w & matt]1 hang me up by ! heels = a rabbit-suck]1 or a p\lt]'s h>e4#hdb ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #b71 ! ,*ief ,ju/ice tells ,fal/aff t to puni% him by ! heels w\ld am5d ! att5tion ( 8 e>s4 ,& 9 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well 7iv4 #c71 :]e ! "l relates h[ ,p>olles has sat 9 ! /ocks all night1 ,b]tram says3 8 heels h des]v$ x1 9 usurp+ 8 spurs s long4 #hdb ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #df4 ,sp5s]1 9 8 ,fairy ,que5 7vi4 #g71 ?us describes ?is mode ( puni%m5t3 ,& aft] all1 = great] infamie ,he by ! heels him hung ^u a tree1 ,& baffl'd s1 t all :i* pass$ by ,! picture ( 8 puni%m5t might see4 ,! appropriate t]m1 too1 = *opp+ (f ! spurs ( a knight :5 he 0 to be degrad$1 0 hack--a cu/om to :i*1 x has be5 sugge/$1 ,mrs4 ,page alludes 9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7ii4 #a73hdc ,:at8--,sir ,alice ,=d6 ,^! knights w hack1 & s ?\ %\ld/ n alt] ! article ( ?y g5try4#hdd #hdc ,mr4 ,halliwell-,phillipps1 9 8 ,h&book ,index to ! ,works ( ,%akespe>e 7#ahff1 p4 #bca71 sugge/s ?is mean+4 #hdd ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #cig4 ,mr4 ,dyce1#hde h[ev]1 says ! mo/ probable mean+ ( ?is obscure passage is1 t !re is an allusion to ! extravagant numb] ( knights creat$ by ,k+ ,james1 & t hack is equival5t to become *eap or vulg>4 #hde ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #aig4 ,x appe>s1 too1 t 9 days gone by ! arms1 etc41 ( traitors & rebels might be defac$4 ,?us1 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7ii4 #c71 ,b]keley tells ,bol+broke3 ,mi/ake me n1 my "l2 'tis n my mean+ ,to raze "o title ( y\r hon\r out4 ,^u :i* passage we may quote f ,camd5's ,rema9s 7#afje1 p4 #ahf73 ,h[ ! names ( !m1 :i* = capital crimes aga9/ maje/ie1 7 eras$ out ( ! public records1 tables1 & regi/]s1 or =bidd5 to be borne by _! po/]itie1 :5 _! memory 0 damn$1 ,i c\ld %[ at l>ge4 ,9 ! foll[+ act 7iii4 #a7 ,bol+broke fur!r relates h[ 8 enemies _h3 ,disp>k'd my p>ks1 & fell'd my =e/ woods1 ,f m9e own w9d[s torn my h\sehold coat1 ,raz'd out my impress1 leav+ me no sign4 ,bilboes4 ,^! 7 a k9d ( /ocks or fett]s us$ at sea to conf9e prison]s1 ( :i* ,hamlet speaks to ,horatio 7v4 #b73 ,sir1 9 my he>t !re 0 a k9d ( fight+1 ,t w\ld n let me sleep3 me?\ght ,i lay ,worse ?an ! mut9es 9 ! bilboes4 ,?is puni%m5t is ?us describ$ by ,/eev5s3 ,! bilboes is a b> ( iron ) fett]s annex$ to x1 by :i* mut9\s or disord]ly sailors 7 anci5tly l9k$ toge!r4 ,! ^w is d]iv$ f ,bilboa1 a place 9 ,spa9 :]e in/rum5ts ( /eel 7 fabricat$ 9 ! utmo/ p]fection4 ,to und]/& ,%akespe>e's allusion completely1 x %\ld be kn[n t1 z ^! fett]s connect ! legs ( ! (f5d]s v close toge!r1 _! attempts to re/ mu/ be z fruitless z ^? ( ,hamlet1 9 ^: m9d '!re 0 a k9d ( fight+ t w\ld n let him sleep4' ,e motion ( "o mu/ di/urb 8 p>tn] 9 conf9em5t4 ,! bilboes are /ill %[n 9 ! ,t[] ( ,london1 among ! o!r spoils ( ! ,spani% ,armada4#hdf #hdf ,bilbo 0 also a rapi] or sword2 ?us1 9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7iii4 #e71 ,fal/aff says to ,=d3 ,i suff]$ ! pangs ( ?ree sev]al dea?s3 fir/1 an intol]able fright1 to be detect$ 444 next1 to be compass$1 l a good bilbo 444 hilt to po9t1 etc4 ,br&4--,! br&+ ( crim9als is indirectly allud$ to 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7v4 #b71 by ,"y ,clif=d1 :o calls ! ,duke ( ,ri*mond a f\l /igmatick1 :i* prop]ly meant a p]son :o _h be5 br&$ ) a hot iron = "s crime1 "o notably defam$ = naught9ess4 ,! practice 0 aboli%$ by law 9 ! ye> #ahbb4 ,! practice1 too1 ( mak+ p]sons convict$ ( p]jury we> pap]s1 :ile und]go+ puni%m5t1 descriptive ( _! (f5ce1 is spok5 ( 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7iv4 #c71 :]e ,biron says ( ,longaville3 ,:y1 he comes 9 l a p]jure1 we>+ pap]s4 ,hol9%$ relates h[ ,wolsey s puni%$ a p]jure ) op5 puni%m5t & op5 pap]-we>+ t 9 8 "t x 0 disus$4 ,bree*4 ,?is old t]m to :ip or puni% z a s*ool-boy is notic$ 9 ! ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7iii4 #a73 ,i am no bree*+ s*ol> 9 ! s*ools2 ,i'll n be ti$ to h\rs nor 'po9t$ times --bree*+ be+ equival5t to liable to be :ipp$4 ,9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7iv4 #a71 ,sir ,hugh ,evans tells ! boy page3 ,if y =get y\r 'quies1' y\r 'qus1' & y\r 'quods1' y mu/ be pree*es 7bree*$74 ,cr[n4 ,a burn+ cr[n1 z ! puni%m5t ( regicides or o!r crim9als1 is probably allud$ to by ,anne 9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7iv4 #a73 ,o1 w\ld to ,god t ! inclusive v]ge ,( gold5 metal1 t mu/ r\nd my br[1 ,7 r$-hot /eel1 to se> me to ! bra96 ,mr4 ,s+]1#hdg 9 a note on ?is passage1 quotes f ,*ettle's ,trag$y ( ,h(fman 7#afca71 :]e ?is puni%m5t is introduc$3 ,fix on ?y ma/]'s head my burn+ cr[n4 ,& aga93 ,0 adjudg'd ,to h 8 head se>'d ) a burn+ cr[n4 #hdg ,%akespe>e1 vol4 vi4 p4 #dhe2 see ,boswell's ,life ( ,johnson1 vol4 ii4 p4 #f4 ,! ,e>l ( ,a?ol1 :o 0 execut$ = ! murd] ( ,james ,i4 ( ,scotl&1 01 be=e 8 dea?1 cr[n$ ) a hot iron4 ,9 "s ( ! monki% acc\nts ( a place ( future torm5ts1 a burn+ cr[n is appropriat$ to ^? :o depriv$ any lawful mon>* ( 8 k+dom4 ,pillory4 ,?is old mode ( puni%m5t is ref]r$ to by ,launce 9 ! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7iv4 #d71 :]e he speaks ( hav+ /ood on ! pillory4 ,9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7ii4 #a71 ,hort5sio1 :5 he tells ,bapti/a h[ he _h be5 /ruck by ,ka?>9a because ,i did b tell h] %e mi/ook h] frets1 adds3 %e /ruck me on ! head1 ,& ?r\gh ! in/rum5t my pate made way2 ,& !re ,i /ood amaz$ = a :ile1 ,z on a pillory1 look+ ?r\gh ! lute4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t !re may be an allusion to ! pillory 9 ,measure = ,measure 7v4 #a71 :]e ,lucio says to ! duke1 disguis$ 9 8 fri>'s hood3 y mu/ be hood$1 mu/ y8 %[ y\r knave's visage1 ) a pox to y6 %[ y\r %eep-bit+ face1 & be hang$ an h\r6 ,! alleg$ crime 0 n capital1 & susp5sion 9 ! pillory = an h\r 0 all t ! speak] int5d$4#hdh #hdh ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ffa2 see ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 pp4 #ij1 #ia1 #aji2 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 vol4 iii4 p4 #aaa4 ,press4 ,sev]al allusions occur to ?is species ( torture1 appli$ to contumaci\s felons4 ,x 0 also1 says ,malone1 =m]ly inflict$ on ^? p]sons :o1 be+ indict$1 refus$ to plead4 ,9 consequ5ce ( _! sil5ce1 !y 7 press$ to dea? by a heavy weight laid ^u ! /oma*4 ,9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7iii4 #a71 ,h]o says ( ,beatrice3 %e w\ld laugh me ,out ( myself1 press me to dea? ) wit4 ,9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7iii4 #d7 ! ,que5 exclaims3 ,o1 ,i am press'd to dea?1 ?r\gh want ( speak+6 ,& 9 ,measure = ,measure 7v4 #a71 ,lucio tells ! ,duke t1 ,m>ry+ a punk1 my "l1 is press+ to dea?1 :ipp+1 & hang+4 ,9 ! ,p]fect ,acc\nt ( ! ,daily ,intellig5ce 7,april #af?1 #afea71 we f9d x record$3 ,mond41 ,april #ad?4 ,?is ,session1 at ! ,old ,bailey1 7 f\r m5 press$ to dea? t 7 all 9 "o robb]y1 &1 out ( ob/9acy & contempt ( ! ,c\rt1 /ood mute1 & refus$ to plead4 ,?is puni%m5t 0 n aboli%$ until by /atute #ab ,george ,,iii4 c4 #bj4 ,rack4 ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,black/one1 ?is 0 utt]ly unkn[n to ! law ( ,engl&2 ?\gh once1 :5 ! ,dukes ( ,exet] & ,suffolk1 & o!r m9i/]s ( ,h5ry ,,vi41 _h laid a design to introduce ! civil law into ?is k+dom z a rule ( gov]nm5t1 = ! beg9n+ !re( !y erect$ a rack ( torture1 :i* 0 call$1 9 d]ision1 ! ,duke ( ,exet]'s daught]2 & /ill rema9s 9 ! ,t[] ( ,london1 :]e x 0 occasionally us$ z an eng9e ( /ate1 n ( law1 m ?an once 9 ! reign ( ,que5 ,elizabe?4 ,b :51 ^u ! assass9ation ( ,villi]s1 ,duke ( ,buck+ham1 x 0 propos$1 9 ! ,privy ,c\ncil1 to put ! assass9 to ! rack1 9 ord] to discov] 8 accomplices1 ! judges 7be+ consult$7 decl>$ unanim\sly1 to _! own honor & ! honor ( ! ,engli% law1 t no su* proce$+ 0 all[able by ! law ( ,engl&4 ,mr4 ,hallam obs]ves t1 ?\gh ! ,engli% law nev] recogniz$ ! use ( torture1 yet !re 7 _m in/ances ( its employm5t 9 ! reign ( ,elizabe? & ,james2 &1 among o!rs1 9 ! case ( ! ,gunp[d] ,plot4 ,he fur!r adds1 9 ! latt] "p ( ! reign ( ,elizabe? ! rack seldom /ood idle 9 ! ,t[]4 ,( ! _m allusions to ?is torture may be m5tion$ ,seba/ian's ^w 9 ,twelf? ,night 7v4 #a73 ,antonio6 ,o my de> ,antonio6 ,h[ h ! h\rs rack'd & tortur$ me1 ,s9ce ,i h lo/ !e4 ,9 ,measure = ,measure 7v4 #a71 ,escalus ord]s ! unrev]5d & unhall['d fri> 7! ,duke disguis$7 to be tak5 to ! rack3 ,take him h5ce2 to ! rack ) him6--,we'll t\se y ,jo9t by jo9t4 ,! eng9e1 :i* sometimes meant ! rack1 is spok5 ( 9 ,k+ ,le> 7i4 #d73 ,:i*1 l an eng9e1 wr5*'d my frame ( nature ,f ! fix'd place4#hdi #hdi ,x also meant a w>like eng9e1 z 9 ,coriolanus1 v4 #d3 ,:5 he walks1 he moves l an eng9e1 & ! gr\nd %r9ks be=e 8 tread+2 s1 also1 9 ,troilus & ,cressida1 ii4 #c4 ,s1 9 ,beaumont & ,flet*]'s ,night ,walk] 7iv4 #e73 ,_! s\ls %ot ?r\gh ) add]s1 torn on eng9es4 ,once m1 9 ,measure = ,measure 7ii4 #a71 :]e ,escalus tells h[ ,"s run f brakes ( ice1 & answ] none --a passage :i* ,mr4 ,dyce w\ld ?us read3 ,"s run f brakes ( vice4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t !re is an allusion to eng9es ( torture1 al?\gh1 ow+ to ! _m significations ( ! ^w brake1 its mean+ "h has be5 mu* disput$4#hej #hej ,see ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #di2 ,halliwell-,phillipps's ,h&book ,index to ,%akespe>e1 p4 #ef2 ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #ajd4 ,/ocks4 ,?is old-fa%ion$ mode ( puni%m5t is ! subject ( frequ5t allusion by ,%akespe>e4 ,?us1 ,launce1 9 ! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7iv4 #d71 says3 ,i h sat 9 ! /ocks = pudd+s he ha? /ol54 ,9 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well 7iv4 #c71 ,b]tram says3 ,come1 br+ =? ?is c\nt]feit module1 has deceiv$ me1 l a d\ble-mean+ prophesi]4 ,:]eupon "o ( ! ,fr5* lords adds3 ,br+ him =?3 has sat i' ! /ocks all night1 poor gallant knave4 ,volumnia says ( ,coriolanus 7v4 #c73 ,!re's no man 9 ! _w ,m b\nd to's "m2 yet "h he lets me prate ,l "o i' ! /ocks4 ,aga91 9 ! ,com$y ( ,errors 7iii4 #a71 ,luce speaks ( a pair ( /ocks 9 ! t[n1 & 9 ,k+ ,le> 7ii4 #b71 ,cornwall1 ref]r+ to ,k5t1 says3 ,fet* =? ! /ocks6-- ,y /ubborn anci5t knave4 ,x w\ld seem t =m]ly1 9 great h\ses1 z 9 "s colleges1 !re 7 movable /ocks = ! correction ( ! s]vants4 ,putt+ a p]son 9 ! /ocks1 too1 0 an exhibition famili> to ! anci5t /age4 ,9 ,hick ,scorn]1#hea pr9t$ 9 ! reign ( ,h5ry ,,viii41 ,pity is plac$ 9 ! /ocks1 & left !re until he is fre$ by ,p]sev]ance & ,contemplacyon4 #hea ,x is repr9t$ 9 ,hawk9s's ,engli% ,drama1 #aggc4 ,/rappado4 ,?is 0 a milit>y puni%m5t1 by :i* ! un=tunate suff]] 0 cruelly tortur$ 9 ! foll[+ way3 a rope be+ fa/5$ "u 8 arms1 he 0 drawn up by a pulley to ! top ( a high beam1 & !n sudd5ly let d[n ) a j]k4 ,! result usually 0 a dislocation ( ! %\ld]-blade4 ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d71 x is ref]r$ to by ,fal/aff1 :o tells ,po9s3 7 ,i at ! /rappado1 or all ! racks 9 ! _w1 ,i w\ld n tell y on compulsion4 ,at ,p>is1 says ,d\ce1#heb !re 0 a spot call$ l'e/rapade1 9 ! ,faub\rg ,/4 ,jacques1 :]e soldi]s receiv$ ?is puni%m5t4 ,! ma*9e1 :5ce ! place took its "n1 rema9$ fix$ l a p]petual gall[s4 ,! t]m is probably d]iv$ f ! ,italian /rapp>e1 to pull or draw ) viol5ce4 #heb ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 pp4 #bfc4 #bfd2 see ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #dbc4 ,toss 9 a ,sieve4 ,?is puni%m5t1 accord+ to ,cotgrave1 0 inflict$ on su* z committ$ gross absurdities4 ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #c71 ,glo/] says to ! ,bi%op ( ,w9*e/]3 ,i'll canvass !e 9 ?y broad c>d9al's hat1 ,if ?\ proce$ 9 ?is ?y insol5ce4 ,x is allud$ to 9 ,dav5ant's ,cruel ,bro!r 7#afcj73 ,i'll sift & w9[ him 9 an old hat4 ,:eel4 ,! puni%m5t ( ! :eel 0 n kn[n at ,rome1 b we read ( ,mettius ,tuffetius be+ torn asund] by quadrig driv5 9 opposite directions4 ,z ,%akespe>e1 rem>ks ,malone1 has c\pl$ ?is species ( puni%m5t ) ano!r t c]ta9ly 0 unkn[n to anci5t ,rome1 x is highly probable t he 0 n appris$ ( ! /ory ( ,mettius ,tuffetius1 & t 9 ?is1 z 9 v>i\s o!r in/ances1 ! practice ( 8 own times 0 9 8 ?\ghts1 = 9 #aeid ,john ,*a/el _h be5 ?us execut$ 9 ,france = attempt+ to assass9ate ,h5ry ,,iv4 ,coriolanus 7iii4 #b7 says3 ,let !m pull all ab\t m9e e>s1 pres5t me ,dea? on ! :eel1 or at wild horses' heels4 ,:ipp+4 ,?ree c5turies ago ?is mode ( puni%m5t 0 c>ri$ to a cruel ext5t4 ,by an act pass$ 9 ! #b;d ye> ( ,h5ry ,,viii41 vagrants 7 to be c>ri$ to "s m>ket-t[n1 or o!r place1 & !re ti$ to ! end ( a c>t1 nak$1 & beat5 ) :ips ?r\gh\t su* m>ket-t[n1 or o!r place1 till ! body %\ld be bloody by reason ( su* :ipp+4 ,! puni%m5t 0 aft]w>ds slightly mitigat$1 =1 by a /atute pass$ 9 #ci? ( ,elizabe?'s reign1 vagrants 7 only to be /ripp$ nak$ f ! middle upw>ds1 & :ipp$ till ! body %\ld be bloody4 ,! /ocks 7 (t5 s con/ruct$ z to s]ve bo? = /ocks & :ipp+-po/s4#hec ,among ! num]\s ref]5ces to ?is puni%m5t by ,%akespe>e1 we may quote #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7v4 #d71 :]e ! beadle says ( ,ho/ess ,quickly3 ,! con/ables h deliv]$ h] ov] to me1 & %e %all h :ipp+-*e] en\gh1 ,i w>rant h]4 ,9 ! ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7i4 #a71 ,gremio says1 speak+ ( ,ka?>9a1 ,i _h z lief take h] d[ry ) ?is condition1--to be :ipp$ at ! high-cross e morn+1 9 allusion to :at ,hort5sio _h j said3 :y1 man1 !re be good fell[s 9 ! _w1 an a man c\ld light on !m1 w\ld take h] ) all faults1 & money en\gh4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7ii4 #a71 ,glo/] ord]s ,simpcox & 8 wife to be :ipp$ ?r\gh e m>ket-t[n1 ,till !y come to ,b]wick1 f :5ce !y came4 #hec ,see ,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 pp4 #eih1 #eii4 ,wisp4 ,?is 0 a puni%m5t = a scold4#hed ,x appe>s t a wisp1 or small twi/ ( /raw or hay1 0 (t5 appli$ z a m>k ( opprobrium to an immode/ woman1 a scold1 or simil> (f5d]2 ev51 !re=e1 ! %[+ x to a woman1 0 consid]$ a griev\s affront4 ,9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7ii4 #b7 ,edw>d says ( ,que5 ,m>g>et3 ,a wisp ( /raw 7 wor? a ?\s& cr[ns1 ,to make ?is %ameless callat#hee "k h]self4 #hed ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ife4 #hee ,callat1 an immode/ woman1 also appli$ to a scold4 ,cf4 ,w9t]'s ,tale1 ii4 #c3 ,a callat ,( b\ndless tongue1 :o late ha? beat h] husb&1 ,& n[ baits me4 ,a wisp1 adds ,n>es1 seems to h be5 ! badge ( ! scold+ woman 9 ! c]emony ( ,skimm+ton2#hef an allusion to :i* is giv5 9 a ,dialogue betwe5 ,john & ,jone1 /riv+ :o %all we> ! bree*es1 9 ! ,pleasures ( ,poetry1 cit$ by ,malone3 ,good1 g5tle ,jone1 )-holde ?y h&es1 ,?is once let me entreat !e1 ,& make me promise nev] m1 ,t ?\ %alt m9d to beat me4 ,= fe> ?\ we> ! wispe1 good wife1 ,& make our neighb\rs ride4 #hef ,skimm+ton 0 a burlesque c]emony 9 ridicule ( a man beat5 by 8 wife4 ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 vol4 ii4 pp4 #aia1 #aib4 ,9 ,na%'s ,pi]ce ,p5nilesse 7#aeic7 !re is also an amus+ allusion to x3 ,:y1 ?\ errant butt]-:ore1 ?\ cotquean & scrattop ( scolds1 wilt ?\ nev] leave afflict+ a dead c>casse8 cont9ually read ! rhetorick lecture ( ,ramme-alley8 a wispe1 a wispe1 y kit*5-/uffe wrangl]4 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,prov]bs4 ,9 ! pres5t *apt] are collect$ toge!r ! *ief prov]bs ei!r quot$ or allud$ to by ,%akespe>e4 ,_m ( ^! are famili> to mo/ read]s1 b h ga9$ an additional int]e/ by reason ( _! connection ) ! poet's writ+s4 ,at ! same "t1 x may be not$ t v _m ( ,%akespe>e's pi?y say+s h1 s9ce 8 day1 pass$ into prov]bs1 & h tak5 _! place 9 ?is class ( lit]ature4 ,x is curi\s to notice1 z ,mrs4 ,c[d5-,cl>ke rem>ks1#heg h[ ,%akespe>e has p>aphras$ "s ( our commone/ prov]bs 9 8 own *oice & elegant diction4 ,?us1 ,make hay :ile ! sun %9es becomes ,! sun %9es hot2 & if we use delay1 ,cold bit+ w9t] m>s our hop$-= hay1 a /atem5t :i* applies to num]\s o!r prov]bial say+s4 #heg ,%akespe>e ,prov]bs1 #aheh4 ,a black man is a jewel 9 a fair woman's eyes4 ,9 ! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7v4 #b71 ! foll[+ passage is an amus+ illu/ration ( ! above3 ,?urio4 ,:at says %e to my face8 ,proteus4 ,%e says x is a fair "o4 ,?urio4 ,nay !n1 ! wanton lies2 my face is black4 ,proteus4 ,b pe>ls are fair2 & ! old say+ is1 ,black m5 are pe>ls 9 beaute\s ladies' eyes4 ,9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7v4 #a7 !re is a fur!r allusion to ?is prov]b1 :]e ,lucius says ( ,a>on1 ,?is is ! pe>l t pleas'd y\r empress' eye4 ,a begg> m>ries a wife & lice4 ,s 9 ,k+ ,le> 7iii4 #b71 ,song3 ,! cod-piece t w h\se1 ,be=e ! head has any1 ,! head & he %all l\se2 ,s begg>s m>ry _m4 ,?us x is also said3 ,a begg> paye? a b5efit ) a l\se4 ,a cunn+ knave ne$s no brok]4 ,?is old prov]b is quot$ by ,hume1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #b73 ,a crafty knave does ne$ no brok]4 ,a cur/ cur mu/ be ti$ %ort4 ,) ?is prov]b we may comp>e :at ,sir ,toby says 9 ,twelf? ,night 7iii4 #b71 to ,sir ,&rew3 ,g1 write x 9 a m>tial h&2 be cur/ & brief4 ,a drop holl[s ! /one1 or _m drops pi]ce ! /one4 ,we may comp>e #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #b71 mu* ra9 we>s ! m>ble1 & also ! mess5g]'s words 7ii4 #a71 :5 he relates h[ ! noble ,duke ( ,york 0 sla93 ,environ$ he 0 ) _m foes2 ,& /ood aga9/ !m1 z ! hope ( ,troy ,aga9/ ! ,greeks1 t w\ld h ent]'d ,troy4 ,b ,h]cules himself mu/ yield to odds2 ,& _m /rokes1 ?\gh ) a little axe1 ,hew d[n & fell ! h>de/-timb]'d oak4 ,a f+] 9 e pie4 ,s1 9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7i4 #a71 ,buck+ham says ( ,wolsey3 no man's pie is fre$ ,f 8 ambiti\s f+]4 ,to ! same purport is ! foll[+ prov]b3#heh ,he _h a f+] 9 ! pie :5 he burnt 8 nail (f4 #heh ,bohn's ,h&book ( ,prov]bs1 p4 #aei4 ,a fool's bolt is soon %ot4 ,quot$ by ,duke ( ,orleans 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7iii4 #g74 ,) ?is we may comp>e ! ,fr5*3 ,de fol juge breve s5t5ce4#hei #hei ,ibid4 p4 #id4 ,a fri5d at c\rt is z good z a p5ny 9 ! purse4 ,s1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7v4 #a71 ,%all[ says3 a fri5d i' ! c\rt is bett] ?an a p5ny 9 purse4 ,! ,fr5* equival5t ( ?is say+ is3 ,bon fait avoir ami en c\r1 c> le procs en e/ plus c\rt4 ,a little pot's soon hot4 ,grumio1 9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7iv4 #a71 uses ?is famili> prov]b3 7 n ,i a little pot1 & soon hot1 my v lips might freeze to my tee?1 etc4 ,a pox ( ! devil 7,h5ry ,v41 iii4 #g74 ,a smoky *imney & a scold+ wife are two bad companions4 ,!re are v>i\s v]sions ( ?is prov]b4 ,ray gives ! foll[+3 ,smoke1 ra9+ into ! h\se1 & a scold+ wife1 w make a man run out ( doors4 ,hotspur1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #a71 says ( ,gl5d[]3 ,o1 he's z t$i\s ,z a tir$ horse1 a rail+ wife2 ,worse ?an a smoky h\se4 ,a snake lies hidd5 9 ! grass4 ,?is1 z ,mr4 ,gre5#hfj rem>ks1 is no unfrequ5t prov]b1 & ! idea is (t5 made use ( by ,%akespe>e4 ,?us1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #a71 ,m>g>et decl>es to ! att5dant nobles3 ,h5ry my "l is cold 9 great affairs1 ,too full ( fooli% pity3 & ,glo/]'s %[ ,beguiles him1 z ! m\rnful crocodile ,) sorr[ sn>es rel5t+ pass5g]s1 ,or z ! snake1 roll'd 9 a fl[]+ bank1 ,) %9+ *eck]'d sl\gh1 do? /+ a *ild1 ,t = ! beauty ?9ks x excell5t4 #hfj ,%akespe>e & ! ,emblem ,writ]s1 #ahgj1 p4 #cda4 ,lady ,macbe? 7i4 #e7 tells h] husb&3 look l ! innoc5t fl[]1 ,b be ! s]p5t "u't4 ,juliet 7,romeo & ,juliet1 iii4 #b7 speaks (3 ,s]p5t he>t1 hid ) a fl[]+ face4 ,a /aff is quickly f\nd to beat a dog4 ,o!r v]sions ( ?is prov]b are3 ,x is easy to f9d a /ick to beat a dog2 ,x is easy to f9d a /one to ?r[ at a dog4#hfa ,s1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #a71 ,glo/] says3 ,i %all n want false witness to condemn me1 ,nor /ore ( treasons to augm5t my guilt2 ,! anci5t prov]b w be well effect$1-- ,a /aff is quickly f\nd to beat a dog4 #hfa ,see ,kelly's ,prov]bs ( ,all ,nations1 #ahgj1 p4 #aeg4 ,a wise man may live any:]e4 ,9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7i4 #c71 ,john ( ,gaunt says3 ,all places t ! eye ( heav5 visits1 ,are to a wise man ports & happy hav5s4 ,a woman conceals :at %e does n "k4 ,h5ce ,hotspur says to 8 wife1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #c73 ,con/ant y are1 ,b yet a woman3 & = secrecy1 ,no lady clos]2 = ,i well believe ,?\ wilt n utt] :at ?\ do/ n "k1-- ,& s f> w ,i tru/ !e1 g5tle ,kate4 ,all m5 are n alike 7,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+1 iii4 #e74hfb #hfb ,halliwell-,phillipps's ,h&book ,index to ,%akespe>e1 p4 #cij1 "u ,prov]bs4 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well4 ,z lean z a rake4 ,s 9 ,coriolanus 7i4 #a71 "o ( ! citiz5s says3 ,let u rev5ge ?is ) our pikes1 ere we become rakes4 ,s ,sp5s]1 9 8 ,fairy ,que5 7bk4 ii4 c4 #aa73 ,8 body leane & meagre z a rake4 ,?is prov]b is f\nd 9 ,*auc]'s ,cant]bury ,tales 7i4 #bhi73 ,al s l5e 0 8 hors z is a rake4 ,z ?9 z a :ipp+-po/ is ano!r prov]b ( ! same k9d4 ,z mad z a ,m>* h>e 7,! ,two ,noble ,k9sm51 iii4 #e74 ,we may comp>e ! expression h>e-bra9$3 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7v4 #b74 ,z s\nd z a bell4 ,s 9 ,mu* ,ado ab\t ,no?+ 7iii4 #b71 ,don ,p$ro says ( ,b5$ick3 ,he ha? a he>t z s\nd z a bell4 ,z ! bell cl9ke?1 s ! fool ?9ke?4 ,?is prov]b is indirectly allud$ to 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7iii4 #b71 9 ! previ\s passage1 :]e ,don ,p$ro says ( ,b5$ick t ,he ha? a he>t z s\nd z a bell1 & 8 tongue is ! clapp]2 = :at 8 he>t ?9ks1 8 tongue speaks4 ,ano!r =m ( ! same prov]b is3 ,z ! fool ?9ks1 ! bell t9ks4#hfc #hfc ,see ,kelly's ,prov]bs ( ,all ,nations1 p4 #ia4 ,z true z /eel4 ,?is popul> adage is quot$ 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7iii4 #b73 ,z true z /eel1 z plantage to ! moon4 ,we may also comp>e ! prov]b3 ,z true z ! dial to ! sun4 ,at h&1 quo? pick-purse 7#a ,h5ry ,,iv41 ii4 #a74 ,?is prov]bial say+ arose1 says ,malone1 f ! pickpurse always seiz+ ! prey ne>e/ him4 ,ay1 tell me t & unyoke 7,hamlet1 v4 #a74 ,?is 0 a common adage = giv+ ov] or ceas+ to d a ?+2 a metaphor d]iv$ f ! unyok+ ( ox5 at ! end ( _! labor4 ,bacc>e1 quo? ,mortim] to 8 s[4 ,) ?is ,mr4 ,halliwell-,phillipps comp>es ,gremio's words 9 ! ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7ii4 #a73 ,sav+ y\r tale1 ,petru*io1 ,i pray1 ,let u1 t are poor petition]s1 speak too3 ,bacc>e6 y are m>vell\s =w>d4 ,mr4 ,dyce 7,gloss>y1 p4 #bc7 says ! ^w signifies g back1 & cites "o ( ,john ,heywood's epigrams ^u x3 ,back>e1 quo? ,mortim] to 8 s[2 ,w5t t s[e backe at t bidd+1 tr[ y4 ,b>nes are bless+s 7,all's ,well t ,ends ,well1 i4 #c74 ,base is ! slave t pays 7,h5ry ,v41 ii4 #a74hfd #hfd ,halliwell-,phillipps's ,h&book ,index to ,%akespe>e1 p4 #cia4 ,ba/>ds are born lucky4 ,?is prov]b is allud$ to 9 ,k+ ,john 7i4 #a71 by ! ,ba/>d1 :o says3 ,bro!r1 adieu2 good =tune come to !e6 ,= ?\ wa/ got i' ! way ( hone/y4 ,philip wi%es 8 bro!r good =tune1 because ,rob]t 0 n a ba/>d4 ,begg>s m\nt$ run _! horses to dea?4#hfe ,quot$ by ,york 9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #d74 ,we may also comp>e ! prov]b3 ,set a begg> on horseback1 he'll ride to ! devil4 #hfe ,see ,bohn's ,h&book ( ,prov]bs1 p4 #cbf4 ,begone :5 ! sport is at ! be/4 ,mr4 ,halliwell-,phillipps quotes ,b5volio's words 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #e73 ,away1 be gone2 ! sport is at ! be/4 ,to ! same effect are ,romeo's words 7i4 #d73 ,! game 0 ne'er s fair1 & ,i am done4 ,be (f :ile y\r %oes are good4 ,?is popul> phrase1 /ill 9 use1 seems allud$ to by ,ka?>9a 9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7iii4 #b71 :o says to ,petru*io3 ,y may be jogg+ :iles y\r boots are gre54 ,bett] a witty fool1 ?an a fooli% wit4 ,quot$ by ! cl[n 9 ,twelf? ,night 7i4 #e74 ,bett] f$ ?an taught4 ,?is old say+ may be allud$ to 9 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well 7ii4 #b7 by ! cl[n1 ,i w %[ myself highly f$ & l[ly taught2 & aga9 7ii4 #d7 by ,p>olles3 ,a good knave1 i' fai?1 & well f$4 ,bless+ ( y\r he>t1 y brew good ale4 ,quot$ by ,launce z a prov]b 9 ! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7iii4 #a74 ,blu% l a black dog4 ,?is say+ is ref]r$ to 9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7v4 #a73 #a ,go?4 ,:at1 can/ ?\ say all ?is1 & nev] blu%8 ,a>on4 ,ay1 l a black dog1 z ! say+ is4 ,b\ght & sold 7,troilus & ,cressida1 ii4 #a74 ,a prov]bial phrase appli$ to any "o entrapp$ or made a victim by trea*]y or mismanagem5t4 ,x is f\nd aga9 9 ! ,com$y ( ,errors 7iii4 #a72 9 ,k+ ,john 7v4 #d72 & 9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7v4 #c74 ,br+ y\r h& to ! butt]y-b>1 & let x dr9k 7,twelf? ,night1 i4 #c74 ,mr4 ,dyce quotes ! foll[+ explanation ( ?is passage1 al?\gh he does n answ] = its correctness3 ,?is is a prov]bial phrase among =w>d abigails1 to ask at once = a kiss & a pres5t4 ,sir ,&rew's sl[ness ( compreh5sion 9 ?is p>ticul> gave h] a j suspicion1 at once1 ( 8 frigidity & av>ice4 ,! butt]y-b> means ! place 9 palaces & 9 great h\ses :5ce provisions 7 disp5s$2 & x is /ill to be se5 9 mo/ ( our colleges4 ,brag's a good dog1 b ,hold-fa/ is a bett]4 ,?is prov]b is allud$ to 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7ii4 #c71 by ,pi/ol3 ,hold-fa/ is ! only dog1 my duck4#hff #hff ,see ,bohn's ,h&book ( ,prov]bs1 p4 #ccc2 ,kelly's ,prov]bs ( all ,nations1 #ahgj1 p4 #agc4 ,bu% natural1 m hair ?an wit4 ,ray's ,prov]bs4 ,s 9 ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7iii4 #a71 x is said1 ,%e ha? m hair ?an wit4 ,by *ance b n by tru?#hfg 7,k+ ,john1 i4 #a74 #hfg ,halliwell-,phillipps's ,h&book ,index to ,%akespe>e1 p4 #cia4 ,c>e w kill a cat2 yet !re's no liv+ )\t x4 ,s 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7v4 #a71 ,claudio says to ,don ,p$ro3 ,:at ?\gh c>e kill$ a cat1 ?\ ha/ mettle en\gh 9 !e to kill c>e4 ,come cut & long-tail 7,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor1 iii4 #d74 ,?is prov]b means1 ,let any come t may1 good or bad2 & 01 no d\bt1 says ,/aunton1 orig9ally appli$ to dogs or horses4 ,comp>isons are odi\s4 ,s1 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7iii4 #e71 ,dogb]ry tells ,v]ges3 ,comp>isons are odor\s4 ,confess & be hang$4 ,?is well-kn[n prov]b is probably allud$ to 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7iii4 #b73 ,bassanio4 ,promise me life1 & ,i'll confess ! tru?4 ,portia4 ,well !n1 confess1 & live4 ,we may also ref] to :at ,o!llo says 7iv4 #a73 ,to confess1 & be hang$ = 8 lab\r2 fir/1 to be hang$1 & !n to confess4 ,i tremble at x4 ,9 ,timon ( ,a!ns 7i4 #b71 ,apemantus says3 ,ho1 ho1 confess'd x6 hang'd x1 h y n8 ,cry him1 & h him4 ,s ,rosal9d says1 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7i4 #c71 ,if ,i c\ld cry 'hem' & h him4 ,cry y m]cy1 ,i took y = a jo9t-/ool 7,k+ ,le>1 iii4 #f74 ,x is giv5 by ,ray 9 8 ,prov]bs 7#agfh72 see also ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7ii4 #a74 ,cucullus non facit mona*um4 ,s 9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7iii4 #a71 ,que5 ,ka!r9e says3 ,all hoods make n monks4 ,*auc] ?us alludes to ?is prov]b3 ,habite ne make? monk ne fe]e2 ,b a clean life & devotion ,make? gode m5 ( religion4 ,dead z a door-nail4 ,s1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iv4 #aj71 ,cade says to ,id53 ,i h eat no meat ^! five days2 yet1 come ?\ & ?y five m51 & if ,i d n leave y all z dead z a door-nail1 ,i pray ,god ,i may nev] eat grass m4 ,we may comp>e ! t]m1 dead z a h]r+1 :i* ,caius uses 9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7ii4 #c71 ,by g>1 de h]r+ is no dead1 s z ,i vill kill him4 ,dea? w h 8 day 7,ri*>d ,,ii41 iii4 #b74 ,delays are dang]\s4 ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #b71 ,reigni] says3 ,def] no "t1 delays h dang]\s ends4 ,diluculo surg]e1 etc4 7,twelf? ,night1 ii4 #c74 ,dogs mu/ eat4 ,?is1 ) sev]al o!r prov]bs1 is quot$ by ,agrippa 9 ,coriolanus 7i4 #a74 ,dun's ! m\se 7,romeo & ,juliet1 i4 #d74 ,?is 0 a prov]bial say+1 ( :i* no satisfactory explanation has yet be5 giv54 ,n>es ?9ks x 0 frequ5tly employ$ ) no o!r int5t ?an t ( quibbl+ on ! ^w done4 ,ray has1 z dun z a m\se4 ,m]cutio says3 ,tut1 dun's ! m\se1 ! con/able's own ^w4 ,empty vessels give ! greate/ s\nd4 ,quot$ 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7iv4 #d74 ,e dog ha? 8 day1 & e man 8 h\r4 ,?is old adage seems allud$ to by ,hamlet 7v4 #a73hfh ,! cat w mew1 & dog w h 8 day4 #hfh ,bohn's ,h&book ( ,prov]bs1 p4 #hf4 ,e man at =ty is ei!r a fool or a physician4#hfi ,?is popul> prov]b is probably ref]r$ to 9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7iii4 #d71 by ,mi/ress ,quickly1 :o tells ,f5ton h[ %e _h recomm5d$ him z a suitor = ,mr4 ,page's daught] in/ead ( ,doctor ,caius3 ,?is is my do+1 n[3 ',nay1' said ,i1 'w y ca/ away y\r *ild on a fool1 & a physician8 look on ,ma/] ,f5ton3'--?is is my do+4 #hfi ,ray gives ano!r =m3 ,e man is ei!r a fool or a physician aft] ?irty ye>s ( age2 see ,bohn's ,h&book ( ,prov]bs1 #aheg1 p4 #bg4 ,famili>ity bre$s contempt4 ,s1 9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7i4 #a71 ,sl5d] says3 ,i hope1 ^u famili>ity w gr[ m contempt4 ,fa/ b9d1 fa/ f9d4 ,9 ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7ii4 #e71 ,%ylock says3 ,well1 ,jessica1 g 93 ,p]haps ,i w return imm$iately3 ,d z ,i bid y2 %ut doors aft] y2 ,fa/ b9d1 fa/ f9d2 ,a prov]b nev] /ale 9 ?rifty m9d4 ,f9is coronat opus4 ,a translation ( ?is ,lat9 prov]b is giv5 by ,hel5a 9 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well 7iv4 #d73 ,/ill ! f9e's ! cr[n4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7v4 #b71 also1 ,clif=d's expir+ words are3 ,la f9 c\ronne les oeuvres4 ,we /ill h ! expression to cr[n1 9 ! s5se ( to f9i% or make p]fect4 ,mr4 ,d\ce#hgj rem>ks t coronidem impon]e is a metaphor well kn[n to ! anci5ts1 & suppos$ to h orig9at$ f ! practice ( f9i%+ build+s by plac+ a cr[n at ! top z an ornam5t2 & = ?is reason ! words cr[n1 top1 & head are become synonym\s 9 mo/ languages4 ,!re is reason = believ+ t ! anci5ts plac$ a cresc5t at ! beg9n+1 & a cr[n1 or "s ornam5t t resembl$ x1 at ! end ( _! books4 ,9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7iv4 #e71 ,hector says3 ,! fall ( e ,phrygian /one w co/ ,a drop ( ,grecian blood3 ! end cr[ns all2 ,& t old common arbitrator1 ,"t1 ,w "o day end x4 #hgj ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #aii4 ,pr9ce ,h5ry 7#b ,h5ry ,,iv41 ii4 #b71 9 reply to ,po9s1 gives ano!r turn to ! prov]b3 ,by ?is h&1 ?\ ?9k'/ me z f> 9 ! devil's book z ?\ & ,fal/aff1 = obduracy & p]si/5cy3 let ! end try ! man4#hga #hga ,see ,gre5's ,%akespe>e & ! ,emblem ,writ]s1 #ahgj1 pp4 #cai1 #cbc4 ,fly pride1 says ! peacock4 ,?is is quot$ by ,dromio ( ,syracuse1 9 ,! ,com$y ( ,errors 7iv4 #c74hgb #hgb ,halliwell-,phillipps's ,h&book ,index to ,%akespe>e1 p4 #cia4 ,fri5ds may meet1 b m\nta9s nev] greet4 ,?is is ironically allud$ to 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7iii4 #b71 by ,celia3 ,x is a h>d matt] = fri5ds to meet2 b m\nta9s may be remov$ ) e>?quakes1 & s enc\nt]4 ,give ! devil 8 due4 ,9 ,h5ry ,v4 7iii4 #g7 x is quot$ by ! ,duke ( ,orleans4 ,god s5ds fools =tune4 ,x is to ?is v]sion ( ! ,lat9 adage1 ,=tuna favet fatuis 7,=tune favors fools71 t ,t\*/one alludes 9 8 reply to ,jaques1 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7ii4 #g73 ',no1 sir1' quo? he1 ',call me n fool till heav5 ha? s5t me =tune4' ,"u diff]5t =ms1 ! same prov]b is f\nd on ! ,cont95t4 ,! ,spani% say1 ,! "m ( ,god appe>s to fools2 & ! ,g]man "o is ?is1 ,=tune & wom5 are fond ( fools4#hgc #hgc ,kelly's ,prov]bs ( ,all ,nations1 #ahgb1 p4 #eb4 ,god s5ds n corn = ! ri* only4 ,?is is quot$ by ,m>cius 9 ,coriolanus 7i4 #a74 ,good goose1 d n bite4 ,?is prov]b is us$ 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7ii4 #d73 ,m]cutio4 ,i w bite !e by ! e> = t je/4 ,romeo4 ,nay1 good goose1 bite n4 ,good liquor w make a cat speak4 ,s1 9 ! ,tempe/ 7ii4 #b71 ,/ephano says3 ,come on y\r ways3 op5 y\r m\?2 "h is t :i* w give language to y1 cat2 op5 y\r m\?4 ,good w9e ne$s no bu%4 ,?is old prov]b1 :i* is quot$ by ,%akespe>e 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7v4 #d1 ,epilogue7--,if x be true t good w9e ne$s no bu%1 'tis true t a good play ne$s no epilogue--ref]s to ! cu/om ( hang+ up a bun* ( twigs1 or a wisp ( hay1 at a roadside inn1 z a sign t dr9k may be _h )94 ,?is practice1 :i* /ill l+]s 9 ! cid]-mak+ c\nties ( ! we/ ( ,engl&1 & prevails m g5]ally 9 ,france1 is d]iv$ f ! ,romans1 among :om a bun* ( ivy 0 us$ z ! sign ( a w9e-%op4 ,!y 7 also 9 ! habit ( say+1 ,v5dible w9e ne$s no ivy hung up4 ,! ,spani% h a prov]b1 ,good w9e ne$s no cri]4#hgd #hgd ,ibid41 #ahgj1 pp4 #age1 #agf4 ,greate/ cl]ks n ! wise/ m54 ,mr4 ,halliwell-,phillipps1 9 8 ,h&book ,index to ,%akespe>e 7p4 #cia71 quotes ! foll[+ passage 9 ,twelf? ,night 7iv4 #b71 :]e ,m>ia tells ! cl[n to p]sonate ,sir ,topas1 ! curate3 ,i am n tall en\gh to become ! function well1 nor lean en\gh to be ?\ght a good /ud5t2 b to be said an hone/ man & a good h\sekeep] goes z fairly z to say a c>eful man & a great s*ol>4 ,happy man be 8 dole 7,tam+ ( ! ,%rew1 i4 #a2 #a ,h5ry ,,iv41 ii4 #b74 ,ray has x1 ,happy man1 happy dole2 or1 ,happy man by 8 dole4 ,happy ! bride on :om ! sun %9es4 ,mr4 ,halliwell-,phillipps1 9 8 ,h&book ,index to ,%akespe>e 7p4 #cib71 quotes1 z an illu/ration ( ?is popul> prov]b1 ! foll[+ passage 9 ,twelf? ,night 7iv4 #c71 :]e ,olivia & ,seba/ian1 hav+ made a contract ( et]nal bond ( love1 ! =m] says3 & heav5s s %9e1 ,t !y may fairly note ?is act ( m9e6 ,happy ! *ild ^: fa!r w5t to ! devil4#hge ,s1 9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7ii4 #b71 ,k+ ,h5ry asks1 int]rogatively3 ,& happy always 0 x = t son1 ,^: fa!r1 = 8 ho>d+1 w5t to hell8 #hge ,see ,bohn's ,h&book ( ,prov]bs1 p4 #ajj2 ,kelly's ,prov]bs ( ,all ,nations1 p4 #ahg4 ,! ,portuguese say1 ,alas = ! son ^: fa!r goes to heav54 ,h>es pull dead lions by ! be>d4 ,9 ,k+ ,john 7ii4 #a71 ! ,ba/>d says to ,au/ria3 ,y are ! h>e ( :om ! prov]b goes1 ,^: val\r plucks dead lions by ! be>d4 ,h is h1 h[ev] m5 d cat*4 ,quot$ by ! ,ba/>d 9 ,k+ ,john 7i4 #a74 ,heav5's above all4 ,9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7iii4 #c7 ,york tells ,bol+broke3 ,take n1 good c\s91 fur!r ?an y %\ld1 ,le/ y mi/ake3 ! heav5s are o'er our heads4 ,s1 too1 9 ,o!llo 7ii4 #c71 ,cassio says3 ,heav5's above all4#hgf #hgf ,halliwell-,phillipps's ,h&book ,index to ,%akespe>e1 p4 #cib4 ,he is a poor cook :o _c lick 8 own f+]s4 ,"u a v>iety ( =ms1 ?is prov]b is f\nd 9 diff]5t c\ntries4 ,! ,italians say1 ,he :o manages o!r p's weal? does n g supp]less to b$4 ,! ,dut*1 too1 say1 ,all (fic]s are greasy1 t is1 some?+ /icks to !m4#hgg ,9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iv4 #b7 ! say+ is ?us allud$ to3 ,capulet4 ,sirrah1 g hire me tw5ty cunn+ cooks4 #b ,s]vant4 ,y %all h none ill1 sir2 = ,i'll try if !y c lick _! f+]s4 ,capulet4 ,h[ can/ ?\ try !m s8 #b ,s]vant4 ,m>ry1 sir1 'tis an ill cook t _c lick 8 own f+]s3 !re=e he t _c lick 8 f+]s goes n ) me4 #hgg ,see ,kelly's ,prov]bs ( ,all ,nations1 #ahgj1 pp4 #aif1 #aig4 ,he's mad1 t tru/s 9 ! tam5ess ( a wolf1 a horse's heal?1 a boy's love1 or a :ore's oa? 7,k+ ,le>1 iii4 #f74hgh #hgh ,halliwell-,phillipps's ,h&book ,index to ,%akespe>e1 p4 #cib4 ,h]\m filii nox4 ,x is a common notion t a fa!r above ! common rate ( m5 has usually a son bel[ x4 ,h5ce1 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7i4 #b71 ,%akespe>e probably alludes to ?is ,lat9 prov]b3 ,my tru/1 ,l a good p>5t1 did beget ( him ,a falsehood1 9 its contr>y z great ,z my tru/ 04 ,he kn[s n a hawk f a h&saw4 ,hamlet says 7ii4 #b73 ,:5 ! w9d is s\!rly1 ,i "k a hawk f a h&saw4 ,he may hang himself 9 8 own g>t]s4 ,s1 ,fal/aff 7#a ,h5ry ,,iv4 ii4 #b7 says3 ,g1 hang ?yself 9 ?9e own heir-app>5t g>t]s4 ,he t is born to be hang$ w nev] be dr[n$4 ,9 ,! ,tempe/ 7i4 #a71 ,gonzalo says ( ! ,boatswa93 ,i h great com=t f ?is fell[3 me?9ks he ha? no dr[n+ m>k ^u him2 8 complexion is p]fect gall[s4 ,/& fa/1 good ,fate1 to 8 hang+6 make ! rope ( 8 de/9y our cable1 = our own do? little advantage6 ,if he be n born to be hang$1 our case is mis]able4 ,! ,italians say1 ,he t is to die by ! gall[s may dance on ! riv]4 ,he t dies pays all debts 7,! ,tempe/1 iii4 #b74 ,he :o eats ) ! devil ha? ne$ ( a long spoon4 ,?is is ref]r$ to by ,/ephano1 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7ii4 #b73 ,?is is a devil1 & no mon/]3 ,i w leave him2 ,i h no long spoon4 ,aga91 9 ! ,com$y ( ,errors 7iv4 #c71 ,dromio ( ,syracuse says3 ,he mu/ h a long spoon t mu/ eat ) ! devil4 ,! old adage1 :i* tells h[ ,he t w n :5 he may1 ,:5 he w he %all h nay1 is quot$ 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7ii4 #g7 by ,m5as3 ,:o seeks1 & w n take1 :5 once 'tis (f]'d1 ,%all nev] f9d x m4 ,hold hook & l9e 7#b ,h5ry ,,iv41 ii4 #d74 ,?is1 says ,dyce1 is a sort ( cant prov]bial expression1 :i* sometimes occurs 9 our e>ly writ]s 7,gloss>y1 p4 #baj74 ,hold1 or cut b[-/r+s#hgi 7,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream1 i4 #b74 #hgi ,see page #cid4 ,hone/ z ! sk9 betwe5 8 br[s 7,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+1 iii4 #e74hhj #hhj ,h&book ,index to ,%akespe>e1 p4 #cib4 ,hung] w break ?r\gh /one-walls4 ,?is is quot$ by ,m>cius 9 ,coriolanus 7i4 #a71 :o1 9 reply to ,agrippa's "q1 ,:at says ! o!r troop8 replies3 ,!y are dissolv$3 hang 'em6 ,!y said !y 7 an-hungry2 sigh'd =? prov]bs1-- ,t hung] broke /one-walls1 etc4 ,accord+ to an old ,suffolk prov]b1#hha ,hung] w break ?r\gh /one-walls1 or any?+1 except ,suffolk *eese4 #hha ,bohn's ,h&book ( ,prov]bs1 #aheg1 p4 #dji4 ,i scorn t ) my heels 7,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+1 iii4 #d74 ,a n uncommon prov]bial expression4 ,x is aga9 ref]r$ to1 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7ii4 #b71 by ,launcelot3 d n run2 scorn runn+ ) ?y heels4 ,dyce ?9ks x is allud$ to 9 ,v5us & ,adonis3 ,beat+ 8 k9d embracem5ts ) h] heels4 ,if y are wise1 keep y\rself w>m4 ,?is prov]b is probably allud$ to 9 ! ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7ii4 #a73 ,petru*io4 ,am ,i n wise8 ,ka?>9a4 ,yes2 keep y w>m4 ,s1 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7i4 #a73 t if he h wit en\gh to keep himself w>m4 ,i fe> no col\rs 7,twelf? ,night1 i4 #e74 ,ill-gott5 goods nev] prosp]4 ,?is prov]b is ref]r$ to by ,k+ ,h5ry 7#c ,h5ry ,,vi41 ii4 #b73 ,clif=d1 tell me1 did/ ?\ nev] he> ,t ?+s ill got _h ev] bad success8 ,illotis manibus tract>e sacra4 ,fal/aff1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #c71 says3 ,rob me ! ex*equ] ! fir/ ?+ ?\ do/1 & d x ) unwa%$ h&s too4 ,ill w nev] said well4 ,?is is quot$ by ,duke ( ,orleans 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7iii4 #g74 ,9 at ! w9d[1 or else o'er ! hat* 7,k+ ,john1 i4 #a74 ,appli$ to illegitimate *ildr54 ,/aunton has ?is note3 ,woe wor? ! "t t ev] a gave suck to a *ild t came 9 at ! w9d[6 7,! ,family ( ,love1 #afjh74 ,s1 also1 9 ,! ,wit*es ( ,lanca%ire1 by ,heywood & ,broome1 #afcd3 ,x appe>s y came 9 at ! w9d[4 ,i w\ld n h y ?9k ,i scorn my grannam's cat to leap ov] ! hat*4 ,x is a f\l bird :i* defiles its own ne/4 ,?is seems allud$ to 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7iv4 #a7 :]e ,celia says to ,rosal9d3 ,y h simply misus$ our sex 9 y\r love-prate3 we mu/ h y\r d\blet & hose pluck$ ov] y\r head1 & %[ ! _w :at ! bird ha? done to h] own ne/4 ,x is a poor dog t is n wor? ! :i/l+4 ,s ,gon]il1 9 ,k+ ,le> 7iv4 #b73 ,i h be5 wor? ! :i/le4 ,x is a wise *ild t kn[s its own fa!r4 ,9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7ii4 #b71 ,launcelot has ! conv]se ( ?is3 ,x is a wise fa!r t kn[s 8 own *ild4 ,x is an ill w9d t bl[s nobody good4 ,s1 9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7ii4 #e71 we read3 ,ill bl[s ! w9d t pr(its nobody4 ,&1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7v4 #c71 :5 ,fal/aff asks ,pi/ol ,:at w9d blew y hi!r8 ! latt] replies3 ,n ! ill w9d :i* bl[s no man to good4 ,x is easy to /eal a %ive f a cut loaf4 ,9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7ii4 #a71 ,demetrius ref]s to ?is prov]b4 ,ray has1 ',tis safe tak+ a %ive out ( a cut loaf4 ,x's a de> collop t's cut out ( my own fle%4 ,mr4 ,halliwell-,phillipps ?9ks !re may be possibly an allusion to ?is prov]b 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7v4 #d71 :]e ! ,%eph]d says ( ,la ,pucelle3 ,god kn[s1 ?\ art a collop ( my fle%4 ,i w make a %aft or a bolt ( x4 ,9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7iii4 #d7 ?is prov]b is us$ by ,sl5d]4#hhb ,ray gives to make a bolt or a %aft ( a ?+4 ,?is is equival5t to1 ,i w ei!r make a good or a bad ?+ ( x3 ,i w take ! risk4 #hhb ,a %aft is an arr[ = ! longb[1 a bolt is = ! crossb[4 ,kelly's ,prov]bs ( ,all ,nations1 p4 #aee4 ,x is l a b>b]'s *air 7,all's ,well t ,ends ,well1 ii4 #b74 ,! foll[+ passage1 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7iii4 #b73 ,jack %all h ,jill2 ,n\ght %all g ill2 ,! man %all h 8 m>e aga91 ,& all %all be well1 ref]s to ! popul> prov]b ( old5 times1 says ,/aunton1 signify+ all end$ happily4 ,s1 too1 ,biron says1 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b73 ,our woo+ do? n end l an old play2 ,jack ha? n ,jill4 ,x occurs 9 ,skelton's poem ,magnyfyc5ce 7,dyce1 ed4 i4 p4 #bcd73 ,jack %all h ,gyl2 & 9 ,heywood's ,dialogue 7,sig4 ,f4 #c1 #aeih73 ,come1 *at at hame1 all is well1 ,jack %all h ,gill4 ,k9dness w creep :]e x _c g4 ,?us1 9 ! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7iv4 #b71 ,proteus tells ,?urio h[ love ,w creep 9 s]vice :]e x _c g4 ,!re is a ,scot* prov]b1 ,k9dness w creep :> x mauna gang4 ,let ! _w slide 7,tam+ ( ! ,%rew1 ,induction1 sc4 i474 ,let !m laugh t w94 ,o!llo says 7iv4 #a73 ,s1 s1 s1 s3--!y laugh t w94 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! ,fr5* say1 ,m>*& qui p]d ne peut rire4 ,l w to l1 z ! devil said to ! colli]4 ,) ?is we may comp>e ! foll[+ passage 9 ,twelf? ,night 7iii4 #d73 ,:at1 man6 'tis n = gravity to play at *]ry-pit ) ,satan3 hang him1 f\l colli]6--colli] hav+ be51 9 ,%akespe>e's day1 a t]m ( ! highe/ reproa*4 ,los]s h leave to talk4 ,titus ,&ronicus 7iii4 #a7 says3 ,!n give me leave1 = los]s w h leave ,to ease _! /oma*s ) _! bitt] tongues4 ,maids say nay1 & take4 ,s ,julia1 9 ! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7i4 #b71 says3 ,s9ce maids1 9 mode/y1 say ',no' to t ,:i* !y w\ld h ! pr(f]] con/rue ',ay4' ,9 ,! ,passionate ,pilgrim we read3 ,h y n he>d x said full (t1 ,a woman's nay do? /& = n\ght8 ,make hay :ile ! sun %9es4 ,k+ ,edw>d1 9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iv4 #h71 alludes to ?is prov]b3 ,! sun %9es hot2 &1 if we use delay1 ,cold1 bit+ w9t] m>s our hop'd-= hay4 ,! above prov]b is peculi> to ,engl&1 &1 z ,tr5* rem>ks1 c\ld h its bir? only "u su* v>iable skies z ours4 ,_m talk ( ,rob9 ,hood t nev] %ot 9 8 b[4 ,s1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #b71 ,ju/ice ,%all[1 says ,fal/aff1 talks z famili>ly ( ,john o' ,gaunt z if he _h be5 sworn bro!r to him2 & ,i'll be sworn a' nev] saw him b once 9 ! ,tilt-y>d1--& !n he bur/ 8 head1 = cr[d+ among ! m>%al's m54 ,m>riage & hang+ g by de/9y4#hhc ,?is prov]b is ! popul> cre$ respect+ m>riage1 &1 "u a v>iety ( =ms1 is f\nd 9 diff]5t c\ntries4 ,?us1 9 ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7ii4 #i71 ,n]issa says3 ,! anci5t say+ is no h]esy1-- ,hang+ & wiv+ goes by de/9y4 #hhc ,b n[ consid] ! old prov]be to be true1 yt saie? t m>riage is de/9ie4--,hall's ,*ronicles4 ,aga91 9 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well 7i4 #c7 ! ,cl[n says3 ,= ,i ! ballad w repeat1 ,:i* m5 full true %all f9d2 ,y\r m>riage comes by de/9y1 ,y\r cuckoo s+s by k9d4 ,we may comp>e ! well-kn[n prov]b1 ,m>riages are made 9 heav51 & ! ,fr5* v]sion1 ,les m>iages sont crits dans le ciel4 ,m>riage z bad z hang+4 ,9 ,twelf? ,night 7i4 #e71 ! ,cl[n says3 ,_m a good hang+ prev5ts a bad m>riage4 ,m>ry trap 7,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor1 i4 #a74 ,?is1 says ,n>es1 is app>5tly a k9d ( prov]bial exclamation1 z mu* z to say1 ',by ,m>y1 y are caught4' ,meat 0 made = m\?s4 ,quot$ 9 ,coriolanus 7i4 #a74 ,mis=tunes seldom come alone4 ,?is prov]b is beautifully allud$ to by ! ,k+ 9 ,hamlet 7iv4 #e73 ,:5 sorr[s come1 !y come n s+le spies1 ,b 9 battalions4 ,! ,fr5* say3#hhd ,malheur ne vi5t jamais seul4 #hhd ,see ,bohn's ,h&book ( ,prov]bs1 p4 #aaf4 ,m hair ?an wit 7,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona1 iii4 #b74 ,a well-kn[n old ,engli% prov]b4 ,mortuo leoni et lepores insultant4 ,?is prov]b is allud$ to by ! ,ba/>d 9 ,k+ ,john 7ii4 #a71 :o says to ! ,ar*duke ( ,au/ria3 ,y are ! h>e ( :om ! prov]b goes1 ,^: val\r plucks dead lions by ! be>d4 ,mu* wat] goes by ! mill ! mill] kn[s n (4 ,?is adage is quot$ 9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7ii4 #a71 by ,demetrius3 m wat] glide? by ! mill ,?an wots ! mill] (4 ,my cake is d\gh 7,tam+ ( ! ,%rew1 v4 #a74 ,an obsolete prov]b1 repeat$ on ! loss ( hope or expectation3 ! allusion be+ to ! old-fa%ion$ way ( bak+ cakes at ! emb]s1 :5 x may h be5 occasionally ! case = a cake to be burn$ on "o side & d\gh on ! o!r4 ,9 a =m] sc5e 7i4 #a7 ,gremio says3 our cake's d\gh on bo? sides4 ,/aunton quotes f ,! ,case is ,alt]$1 #afji3 ,/ew>d1 y\r cake is d\gh1 z well z m9e4 ,murd] w out4 ,s1 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7ii4 #b71 ,launcelot says3 ,murd] _c be hid long1--a man's son may2 b1 9 ! end1 tru? w out4 ,ne> or f> (f1 well won is /ill well %ot 7,k+ ,john1 i4 #a74 ,ne$s mu/ :5 ! devil drives4 ,9 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well 7i4 #c71 ! ,cl[n tells ! ,c\ntess3 ,i am driv5 on by ! fle%2 & he mu/ ne$s g1 t ! devil drives4 ,nei!r fi%1 nor fle%1 nor good r$ h]r+4#hhe ,fal/aff says ( ! ,ho/ess 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #c73 ,:y1 %e's nei!r fi% nor fle%2 a man kn[s n :]e to h h]4 #hhe ,see ,bohn's ,h&book ( ,prov]bs1 pp4 #afj1 #bea4 ,"o nail drives out ano!r4 ,9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #b71 ,b5volio says3 ,tut1 man1 "o fire burns out ano!r's burn+1 ,"o pa9 is less5'd by ano!r's angui%2 ,turn giddy1 & be holp by backw>d turn+2 ,"o desp]ate grief cures ) ano!r's langui%3 ,take ?\ "s new infection to ?y eye1 ,& ! rank poison ( ! old w die4 ,! allusion1 ( c\rse1 is to homoeopa?y4 ,! ,italians say1 ,poison quells poison4 ,old m5 are twice *ildr52 or1 z !y say 9 ,scotl&1 ,auld m5 are twice bairns4 ,we may comp>e ! ,greek ,greek3 ,dis paides oi g]ontes4 ,! prov]b occurs 9 ,hamlet 7ii4 #b73 ,an old man is twice a *ild4 ,out ( ,god's bless+ into ! w>m sun4 ,s ,k5t says 9 ,k+ ,le> 7ii4 #b73 ,good k+1 t mu/ approve ! common saw1-- ,?\ out ( heav5's b5$iction com'/ ,to ! w>m sun4 ,pati5ce p]=ce is a m$ic9e = a mad dog4 ,?is prov]b is probably allud$ to by ,tybalt 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #e73 ,pati5ce p]=ce ) wilful *ol] meet+1 ,makes my fle% tremble 9 _! diff]5t greet+4 ,& aga91 9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7i4 #a73 ,glo/]4 ,meantime1 h pati5ce4 ,cl>5ce4 ,i mu/ p]=ce3 f>ewell4 ,pit* & ,pay 7,h5ry ,v41 ii4 #c74 ,?is is a prov]bial expression equival5t to ,pay d[n at once4#hhf ,x probably orig9at$ f pit*+ goods 9 a m>ket1 & pay+ imm$iately = _! /&+4 ,tuss]1 9 8 ,description ( ,norwi*1 calls x3 ,a city trim1 ,:]e /rang]s well may seem to dwell1 ,t pit* & pay1 or keep _! day4 #hhf ,see ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #cbc4 ,pit*]s h e>s4 ,bapti/a quotes ?is prov]b 9 ! ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7iv4 #d73 ,pit*]s h e>s1 & ,i h _m s]vants4 ,accord+ to ano!r old prov]b3 ,small pit*]s h great e>s4 ,poor & pr\d6 fy1 fy4 ,olivia1 9 ,twelf? ,night 7iii4 #a71 says3 ,o _w1 h[ apt ! poor are to be pr\d6 ,praise 9 dep>t+ 7,! ,tempe/1 iii4 #c74 ,! mean+ is3 ,d n praise y\r ent]ta9m5t too soon1 le/ y %\ld h reason to retract y\r comm5dation4 ,/aunton quotes f ,! ,p>adise ( ,da9ty ,devises1 #aeif3 ,a good beg9n+ (t we see1 b seldome /&+ at "o /ay4 ,= few d l ! meane degree1 !n praise at p>t+ "s m5 say4 ,pray ,god1 my girdle break#hhg 7#a ,h5ry ,,iv41 iii4 #c74 #hhg ,halliwell-,phillipps's ,h&book ,index to ,%akespe>e1 p4 #cic4 ,put y\r f+] 9 ! fire & say x 0 y\r =tune4 ,an excell5t illu/ration ( ?is prov]b is giv5 by ,edmund 9 ,k+ ,le> 7i4 #b73 ,?is is ! excell5t fopp]y ( ! _w1 t1 :5 we are sick 9 =tune1 we make guilty ( our disa/]s1 ! sun1 ! moon1 & ! />s3 z if we 7 villa9s on necessity2 fools1 by heav5ly compulsion2 knaves1 ?ieves1 & trea*]s1 by sph]ical pr$om9ance2 drunk>ds1 li>s1 & adult]]s1 by an en=c$ ob$i5ce ( planet>y influ5ce2 & all t we are evil 91 by a div9e ?ru/+ on3 an admirable evasion1 etc4 ,respice f9em1 respice furem4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t ,%akespe>e 7,com$y ( ,errors1 iv4 #d7 may h met ) ^! words 9 a popul> pamphlet ( 8 "t1 by ,george ,bu*anan1 entitl$ ,*amleon ,r$ivivus2 or1 ,na?aniel's ,"* ,rev]s$--a satire aga9/ ! ,laird ( ,lid+/one1 #aegj1 :i* concludes ) ! foll[+ words1 ,respice f9em1 respice furem4 ,seldom comes ! bett]4 ,9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7ii4 #c71 "o ( ! citiz5s says3 ,ill news1 by'r lady2 seldom comes ! bett]3 ,i fe>1 ,i fe>1 'twill prove a tr\bl\s _w --a prov]bial say+ ( great antiquity4 ,mr4 ,d\ce#hhh cites an acc\nt ( its orig9 f a ,,ms4 collection ( /ories 9 ,lat91 compil$ ab\t ! "t ( ,h5ry ,,iii4 #hhh ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #ccc4 ,s]vice is no inh]itance4 ,s1 9 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well 7i4 #c71 ! ,cl[n says3 ,s]vice is no h]itage4 ,sit !e d[n1 sorr[ 7,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/1 i4 #a74 ,sit at ! /]n4 ,a prov]bial phrase mean+ to h ! managem5t ( public affairs4 ,s1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #a71 ,w9*e/] says3 ,! k+ f ,el?am ,i int5d to /eal1 ,& sit at *iefe/ /]n ( public weal4 ,%e has ! m5ds 9 h] own h&s4 ,?is prov]bial phrase is ( frequ5t occurr5ce 9 our old writ]s1 & probably signifies1 ,x is h] own fault2 or1 ,! rem$y lies ) h]self4 ,x is us$ by ,p&>us 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7i4 #a74 ,burton1 9 8 ,anatomy ( ,melan*oly1 writes3 ,& if m5 w be jeal\s 9 su* cases1 ! m5ds is 9 _! own h&s1 !y mu/ ?ank !mselves4 ,small h]bs h grace1 great we$s d gr[ apace 7,ri*>d ,,iii41 ii4 #d74 ,s wise s "y1 d ne'er live long 7,ri*>d ,,iii41 iii4 #a74hhi #hhi ,see page #ccb4 ,s l y1 'tis ! worse4 ,?is is quot$ z an old prov]b by ,paul9a 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7ii4 #c74 ,some?+ ab\t1 a little f ! "r 7,k+ ,john1 i4 #a74 ,s[$ cockle1 reap no corn 7,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/1 iv4 #c74 ,speak by ! c>d 7,hamlet1 v4 #a74 ,a m]*ant's expression1 equival5t to be z precise z a map or book4 ,! c>d is ! docum5t 9 writ+ conta9+ ! agreem5t made betwe5 a m]*ant & ! capta9 ( a vessel4 ,sometimes ! own] b9ds himself1 %ip1 tackle1 & furniture1 = due p]=mance1 & ! capta9 is b\nd to decl>e ! c>go committ$ to him 9 good condition4 ,h5ce1 to speak by ! c>d is to speak accord+ to ! ind5tures or writt5 in/ructions4 ,/ill sw9e eat all ! draff 7,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor1 iv4 #b74 ,ray gives3 ,! /ill s[ eats up all ! draught4 ,/ill wat]s run deep4 ,s 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #a71 ,suffolk says3 ,smoo? runs ! wat] :]e ! brook is deep4 ,/rike sail4 ,a prov]bial phrase to ackn[l$ge "o's self beat54 ,9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #c71 x occurs3 n[ ,m>g>et ,mu/ /rike h] sail & le>n a:ile to s]ve1 ,:]e k+s comm&4 ,:5 a %ip1 9 fight1 or on meet+ ano!r %ip1 lets d[n h] topsails at lea/ half-ma/ high1 %e is said to /rike1 t is1 to submit or pay respect to ! o!r4#hij #hij ,brew]'s ,diction>y ( ,phrase & ,fable1 p4 #hfj4 ,/rike :ile ! iron is hot4 ,po9s probably alludes to ?is prov]b 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d73 ,my "l1 he w drive y out ( y\r rev5ge1 & turn all to a m]rim5t1 if y take n ! heat4 ,aga91 9 ,k+ ,le> 7i4 #a71 ,gon]il adds3 ,we mu/ d some?+1 & i' ! heat4 ,take all1 pay all 7,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor1 ii4 #b74 ,ray gives ano!r v]sion ( ?is prov]b3 ,take all1 & pay ! bak]4 ,tell ! tru? & %ame ! devil4 ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #a71 ,hotspur tells ,gl5d[]3 ,i c tea* !e1 coz1 to %ame ! devil ,by tell+ tru?3 tell tru?1 & %ame ! devil4 ,t 0 laid on ) a tr[el4#hia ,?is prov]b1 :i* is quot$ by ,ray1 is us$ by ,celia 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7i4 #b74 ,?us we say1 :5 any "o bespatt]s ano!r ) gross flatt]y1 t he lays x on ) a tr[el4 #hia ,ray's ,prov]bs 7,bohn's ,edition71 #aheg1 p4 #gf4 ,! cat loves fi%1 b %e's loa? to wet h] feet4 ,x is to ?is prov]b t ,lady ,macbe? alludes :5 %e upbraids h] husb& = 8 irresolution 7,macbe?1 i4 #g73 ,lett+ ',i d>e n' wait ^u ',i w\ld1' ,l ! poor cat i' ! adage4 ,!re are v>i\s =ms ( ?is prov]b4 ,?us1 accord+ to ! rhyme3 ,fa9 w\ld ! cat fi% eat1 ,b %e's loa? to wet h] feet4 ,! ,fr5* v]sion is ,le *at aime le poisson mais il n'aime pas m\ill] la patte--s t x w\ld seem ,%akespe>e borr[$ f ! ,fr5*4 ,! devil rides on a fiddle/ick 7#a ,h5ry ,,iv41 ii4 #d74 ,! gall$ jade w w9ce4 ,s ,hamlet says 7iii4 #b71 let ! gall$ jade w9ce1 our )]s are unwrung4 ,! grace o' ,god is ge> en\gh4 ,?is is ! ,scot* =m ( ! prov]b :i* ,launcelot ,gobbo speaks ( z be+ well p>t$ betwe5 ,bassanio & ,%ylock1 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7ii4 #b73 ,! old prov]b is v well p>t$ betwe5 my ma/] ,%ylock & y1 sir2 y h ! grace ( ,god1 sir1 & he ha? en\gh4 ,! ,mayor ( ,nor?ampton op5s oy/]s ) 8 dagg]4 ,?is prov]b is allud$ to by ,pi/ol 9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7ii4 #b71 :5 he says3 ,:y1 !n ! _w's m9e oy/]1 ,:i* ,i ) sword w op54 ,nor?ampton be+ "s eighty miles f ! sea1 oy/]s 7 s /ale be=e !y rea*$ ! t[n 7be=e railroads1 or ev5 coa*es1 7 kn[n71 t ! ,mayor w\ld be loa? to br+ !m ne> 8 nose4 ,! m ha/e ! worse spe$4 ,9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7ii4 #f71 ,fri> ,laur5ce says3 ,^! viol5t delights h viol5t ends ,& 9 _! triumph die2 l fire & p[d]1 ,:i*1 z !y kiss1 consume3 ! sweete/ honey ,is loa?some 9 8 own delici\sness1 ,& 9 ! ta/e conf\nds ! appetite3 ,!re=e1 love mod]ately2 long love do? s2 ,too swift arrives z t>dy z too sl[4 ,! prov]b ?us allud$ to seems to be d]iv$ f ! ,lat9 adage1 ,fe/9atio t>da e/4 ,x defeats its own purpose by ! blund]s & imp]fect "w x occasions4#hib ,h5ce ! ,fr5* say3 ,he t goes too ha/ily along (t5 /umbles on a fair road4 #hib ,kelly's ,prov]bs ( ,all ,nations1 p4 #hj4 ,!re is flatt]y 9 fri5d%ip--us$ by ! ,con/able ( ,france 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7iii4 #g72 ! usual =m ( ?is prov]b be+3 ,!re is falsehood 9 fri5d%ip4 ,!re 0 b "o way 7,h5ry ,v41 ii4 #c74 ,?is1 says ,dyce1 is a k9d ( prov]bial expression = dea?4 7,gloss>y1 p4 #did47 ,! weake/ goes to ! wall4 ,?is is quot$ by ,gregory 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #a71 :]eupon ,sampson adds3 ,wom51 be+ ! weak] vessels1 are ev] ?ru/ to ! wall3 !re=e1 ,i w pu% ,montague's m5 f ! wall1 & ?ru/ 8 maids to ! wall4 ,!re w5t b a pair ( %e>s betwe5 !m 7,measure = ,measure1 i4 #b74 ,t is1 ,we are bo? ( ! same piece4 ,! _w goes on :eels4 ,?is prov]bial expression occurs 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7ii4 #g72 & ,taylor1 ! ,wat]-,poet1 has made x ! subject ( "o ( 8 pamphlets3 ,! worlde runnes on :eeles1 or1 oddes betwixt c>ts & coa*es4 ,?ree wom5 & a goose make a m>ket4 ,?is prov]b is allud$ to 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7iii4 #a73 ?us came y\r argum5t 92 ,!n ! boy's fat l'envoy1 ! goose t y b\ght2 ,& he end$ ! m>ket4 ,! foll[+ l9es 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #f71 ,?y promises are l ,adonis' g>d5s ,t "o day bloom'd1 & fruitful 7 ! next1 allude to ! ,adonis horti1 :i* 7 no?+ b portable e>!n pots1 ) "s lettuce or f5nel gr[+ 9 !m4 ,on 8 ye>ly fe/ival e woman c>ri$ "o ( !m 9 honor ( ,adonis1 because ,v5us _h once laid him 9 a lettuce b$4 ,! next day !y 7 ?r[n away4 ,! prov]b seems to h be5 us$ always 9 a bad s5se1 = ?+s :i* make a fair %[ = a few days & !n )] away4 ,! ,dauph9 is "h made to apply x z an encomium4 ,!re is a good acc\nt ( x 9 ,erasmus's ,adagia2 b ! idea may h be5 tak5 f ! ,fairy ,que51 bk4 iii4 cant4 #f1 /4 #db 7,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 #ahge1 vol4 vi4 p4 #cb74 ,to clip ! anvil ( my sword4 ,?is expression1 9 ',coriolanus' 7iv4 #e7 is v difficult to be expla9$1 says ,mr4 ,gre51 unless we reg>d x z a prov]b1 d5ot+ ! break+ ( ! weapon & ! lay+ aside ( enmity4 ,aufidius makes use ( x 9 8 welcome to ! bani%$ ,coriolanus4 "h ,i clip ,! anvil ( my sword2 & d conte/ ,z hotly & z nobly ) ?y love1 ,z ev] 9 ambiti\s /r5g? ,i did ,cont5d aga9/ ?y val\r4 ,to h a mon?'s m9d to a ?+4 ,ray's ,prov]bs4 ,s1 9 ! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7i4 #b71 ,julia says3 ,i see y h a mon?'s m9d to !m4#hic #hic ,see page #che4 ',tis m]ry 9 hall :5 be>ds wag all4#hid ,?is is quot$ by ,sil5ce 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7v4 #c73 ,be m]ry1 be m]ry1 my wife has all2 ,= wom5 are %rews1 bo? %ort & tall2 ',tis m]ry 9 hall :5 be>ds wag all1 ,& welcome m]ry %rove-tide4 ,be m]ry1 be m]ry4 #hid ,see ,bohn's ,h&book ( ,prov]bs1 p4 #aae4 ,to h "o 9 ! w9d4 ,?is is "o ( ,camd5's prov]bial s5t5ces4 ,9 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well 7iii4 #f71 ,b]tram says3 ,i spoke ) h] b once1 ,& f\nd h] wondr\s cold2 b ,i s5t to h]1 ,by ?is same coxcomb t we h i' ! w9d1 ,tok5s & lett]s :i* %e did re-s5d4 ,to hold a c&le to ! devil--t is1 to aid or c\nt5ance t :i* is wrong4 ,?us1 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7ii4 #f71 ,jessica says3 ,:at1 mu/ ,i hold a c&le to my %ames8 --! allusion be+ to ! practice ( ! ,roman ,ca?olics :o burn c&les be=e ! image ( a favorite sa9t1 c>ry !m 9 fun]al processions1 & place !m on _! alt>s4 ,to ! d>k h\se 7,all's ,well t ,ends ,well1 ii4 #c74 ,a h\se :i* is ! seat ( gloom & discont5t4 ,tru? %\ld be sil5t4 ,enob>bus1 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7ii4 #b71 says3 ,t tru? %\ld be sil5t ,i _h almo/ =got4 ,to take m9e ease 9 m9e inn4 ,a prov]bial phrase us$ by ,fal/aff 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #c71 imply+1 says ,mr4 ,drake1 a degree ( com=t :i* has always be5 ! peculi> attribute ( an ,engli% h\se ( public ent]ta9m5t4#hie #hie ,%akespe>e & 8 ,times1 vol4 i4 p4 #baf4 ,twice away says /ay 7,twelf? ,night1 v4 #a74 ,malone ?9ks ?is prov]b is allud$ to by ! ,cl[n3 conclusions to be z kisses1 if y\r f\r negatives make y\r two affirmatives1 :y1 !n1 ! worse = my fri5ds & ! bett] = my foes2 & quotes ,m>l[e's ,la/ ,dom9ion1 :]e ! ,que5 says to ! ,moor3 ,come1 let's kisse4 ,moor4 ,away1 away4 ,que54 ,no1 no1 sayes ,i1 & twice away sayes /ay4 ,tru/ n a horse's heel4 ,9 ,k+ ,le> 7iii4 #f7 ! ,fool says1 he's mad t tru/s a horse's heal?4 ,malone w\ld read heels4 ,two may keep c\nsel1 putt+ "o away4 ,s ,a>on1 9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7iv4 #b71 says3 ,two may keep c\nsel1 :5 ! ?ird's away4 ,ungirt1 unble/4 ,fal/aff alludes to ! old adage1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #c74 ,i pray ,god my girdle break4 ,malone quotes f an anci5t ballad3 ,ungirt1 unble/1 ! prov]be sayes2 ,& !y to prove x "r1 ,h got a fa%ion n[ adayes1 ,t's odi\s to ! sight2 ,l ,fr5*m51 all on po9ts !y /&1 ,no girdles n[ !y we>4 ,walls h e>s4 ,s1 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7v4 #a71 ,?isbe is made to say3 ,o wall1 full (t5 ha/ ?\ he>d my moans1 ,= p>t+ my fair ,pyramus & me4 ,w$d+ & ill-w9t]+ tame bo? man & bea/4 ,?us1 9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7iv4 #a71 ,grumio says3 ,w9t] tames man1 woman1 & bea/2 = x ha? tam$ my old ma/]1 & my new mi/ress1 & myself4 ,we may also comp>e ! ,spani% adage3 ,y w m>ry & gr[ tame4 ,we /eal z 9 a ca/le 7#a ,h5ry ,,iv41 ii4 #a74 ,?is1 says ,/eev5s1 0 once a prov]bial phrase4 ,:at c't be cur$ mu/ be endur$4 ,) ?is popul> adage may be comp>$ ! foll[+3 ,pa/ cure is /ill pa/ c>e1 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b74 ,s 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7ii4 #c71 ! ,duke ( ,york says3 ,?+s pa/ r$ress are n[ ) me pa/ c>e4 ,aga91 9 ,macbe? 7iii4 #b7 ,lady ,macbe? says3 ,?+s )\t all rem$y ,%\ld be )\t reg>d3 :at's done is done4 ,:at's m9e is y\rs1 & :at is y\rs is m9e 7,measure = ,measure1 v4 #a74 ,:5 ?+s come to ! wor/ !y'll m5d4 ,! tru? ( ?is popul> adage is ?us exemplifi$ by ,p&ulph 9 ,k+ ,john 7iii4 #d73 ,be=e ! cur+ ( a /rong disease1 ,ev5 9 ! in/ant ( repair & heal?1 ,! fit is /ronge/2 evils t take leave1 ,on _! dep>ture mo/ ( all %[ evil4 ,( c\rse x is equival5t to ! prov]b1 ,:5 ! night's d>ke/ ! day's ne>e/4 ,:58 c y tell8 7,com$y ( ,errors1 iii4 #a74 ,?is prov]bial qu]y1 (t5 met ) 9 old writ]s1 & p]haps allud$ to j be=e 9 ?is sc5e1 :5 ,dromio ( ,syracuse says3 ,"r1 sir2 ,i'll tell y :51 an y'll tell me :]e=e2 occurs aga9 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #a73 ,ay1 :58 can/ tell8 ,:5 two m5 ride ! same horse "o mu/ ride beh9d4 ,s 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7iii4 #e7 ,dogb]ry says3 ,an two m5 ride ( a horse1 "o mu/ ride beh9d4#hif ,) ?is may be comp>$ ! ,spani% adage1 ,he :o rides beh9d does n saddle :5 he w4 #hif ,see ,kelly's ,prov]bs ( ,all ,nations1 p4 #di4 ,:ile ! grass gr[s1 ! /e$ />ves4 ,?is is allud$ to by ,hamlet 7iii4 #b73 ,ay1 sir1 b ':ile ! grass gr[s1' ! prov]b is some?+ mu/y4 ,see ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #dii4 ,:o d>es n /ir by day mu/ walk by night 7,k+ ,john1 i4 #a74 ,:o goes to ,we/m9/] = a wife1 to ,/4 ,paul's = a man1 & to ,smi?field = a horse1 may meet ) a queane1 a knave1 & a jade4 ,?is prov]b1 (t5 quot$ by old writ]s1 is allud$ to 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #b73 ,fal/aff4 ,:]e's ,b>dolph8 ,page4 ,he's gone into ,smi?field to buy y\r wor%ip a horse4 ,fal/aff4 ,i b\ght him 9 ,paul's1 & he'll buy me a horse 9 ,smi?field3 an ,i c\ld get me b a wife 9 ! /ews1 ,i 7 mann$1 hors$1 & wiv$4 ,wit1 :i!r wilt8 ,?is 0 a prov]bial expression n unfrequ5t 9 ,%akespe>e's day4 ,x is us$ by ,orl&o 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7iv4 #a73 ,a man t _h a wife ) su* a wit1 he might say--',wit1 :i!r wilt8' ,w y take eggs = money8 ,?is 0 a prov]bial phrase1 quot$ by ,leontes 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7i4 #b71 = putt+ up ) an affront1 or be+ cajol$ or impos$ ^u4 ,words are b w9d1 b bl[s unk9d4 ,9 ,com$y ( ,errors 7iii4 #a71 ,dromio ( ,ephesus uses ! fir/ "p ( ?is popul> adage4 ,wor? a ,jew's eye4 ,launcelot1 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7ii4 #e71 says3 ,!re w come a ,*ri/ian by1 ,w be wor? a ,jewess' eye4 ,accord+ to tradition1 ! prov]b arose f ! cu/om ( tortur+ ,jews to extort money f !m4 ,x is simply1 h[ev]1 a corruption ( ! ,italian giia 7a jewel74 ,y'll nev] be burn$ = a wit*4 ,?is prov]b1 :i* 0 appli$ to a silly p]son1 is probably ref]r$ to 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7i4 #b7 by ,*>mian1 :5 he says to ! soo?say]3 ,out1 fool2 ,i =give !e = a wit*4 ,"y rav5s mu/ h food 7,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor1 i4 #c74hig ,ray has ,small birds mu/ h meat4 #hig ,h&book ,index to ,%akespe>e1 p4 #cie4 ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,! ,,human ,,body4 ,x w\ld be difficult to enum]ate ! manifold =ms ( sup]/ition :i* h1 9 mo/ c\ntries1 9 ! c\rse ( pa/ c5turies1 clu/]$ r\nd ! human body4 ,_m ( ^!1 too1 may /ill be f\nd scatt]$1 "h & !re1 ?r\gh\t our own c\ntry1 "o ( ! mo/ deep-root$ be+ palmi/ry1 sev]al allusions to :i* are made by ,%akespe>e4 ,accord+ to a popul> belief curr5t 9 ye>s pa/1 a trembl+ ( ! body 0 suppos$ to be an indication ( demoniacal possession4 ,?us1 9 ! ,com$y ( ,errors 7iv4 #d7 ! ,c\rtezan says ( ,antipholus ( ,ephesus3 ,m>k h[ he trembles 9 8 ec/asy6 & ,p9* adds3 ,i *>ge !e1 ,satan1 h\s'd )9 ?is man1 ,to yield possession to my holy pray]s1 ,& to ?y /ate ( d>kness hie !e /raight2 ,i conjure !e by all ! sa9ts 9 heav56 ,9 ,! ,tempe/ 7ii4 #b71 ,caliban says to ,/ephano1 ,?\ do/ me yet b little hurt2 ?\ wilt anon1 ,i "k x by ?y trembl+4 ,x 0 =m]ly suppos$ t our bodies consi/$ ( ! f\r elem5ts--fire1 air1 e>?1 & wat]1 & t all diseases arose f d]angem5t 9 ! due proportion ( ^! elem5ts4 ,?us1 9 ,antony's eulogium on ,brutus1 9 ,julius ,cs> 7v4 #e71 ?is !ory is allud$ to3 ,8 life 0 g5tle1 & ! elem5ts ,s mix'd 9 him1 t ,nature might /& up1 ,& say to all ! _w1 ',?is 0 a man6' ,9 ,twelf? ,night 7ii4 #c7 x is also notic$3 ,sir ,toby4 ,d n our lives consi/ ( ! f\r elem5ts8 ,sir ,&rew4 ',fai?1 s !y say2 b ,i ?9k1 x r consi/s ( eat+ & dr9k+4 ,sir ,toby4 ,?\ art a s*ol>2 let u !re=e eat & dr9k4 ,m>ian1 ,i say6--a /oop ( w9e6 ,9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7v4 #b71 ,%akespe>e makes ! latt] say3 ,i am fire1 & air1 my o!r elem5ts ,i give to bas] life4 ,?is !ory is ! subject1 too1 ( ,sonnets xliv4 & xlv41 & is set =? at l>ge 9 its connection ) physic 9 ,sir ,philip ,sidney's ,arcadia3 ,o elem5ts1 by ^: 7m5 say7 cont5tion1 ,our bodies be 9 liv+ p[] ma9ta9$1 ,0 ?is man's dea? ! fruit ( y\r diss5sion8 ,o physic's p[]1 :i* 7"s say7 ha? re/ra9$ ,approa* ( dea?1 alas1 ?\ keepe/ meag]ly1 ,:5 once "o is = ,atropos di/ra9$4 ,great be physicians' brags1 b aide is begg>ly ,:5 root$ moi/ure fails1 or gr[e? drie2 ,!y leave (f all1 & say1 dea? comes too eag]ly4 ,!y are b words !re=e t m5 doe buy ,( any1 s9ce ,god ,esculapius ceas$4 ,?is notion 0 sub/antially adopt$ by ,gal51 & embrac$ by ! physicians ( ! old5 times4#hih #hih ,see ,bucknill's ,m$ical ,k ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #abj4 ,blood4 ,9 old phraseology ?is ^w 0 popul>ly us$ = disposition or temp]am5t4 ,9 ,timon ( ,a!ns 7iv4 #b71 ,flavius says3 ,/range1 unusual blood1 ,:5 man's wor/ s9 is1 he does too mu* good6 ,9 ! op5+ passage ( ,cymbel9e x occurs 9 ! same s5se3 ,y d n meet a man b fr[ns3 our bloods ,no m obey ! heav5s1 ?an our c\rti]s ,/ill seem z does ! k+1 ! mean+ evid5tly be+ t our dispositions no long] obey ! influ5ces ( heav52 !y are c\rti]s1 & /ill seem to resemble ! disposition ! k+ is 94 ,aga91 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7ii4 #c73 wisdom & blood combat+ 9 s t5d] a body1 we h t5 pro(s to "o1 t blood ha? ! victory4 ,once m1 9 ,k+ ,le> 7iv4 #b71 ! ,duke ( ,albany says to ,gon]il3 ,7't my fitness ,to let ^! h&s obey my blood1 ,!y are apt en\gh to dislocate & te> ,?y fle% & bones4 ,aga91 ! phrase to be 9 blood 0 a t]m ( ! *ase1 mean+1 to be 9 good condition1 to be vigor\s4 ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iv4 #b71 ,talbot exclaims3 ,if we be ,engli% de]1 be1 !n1 9 blood2 ,n rascal-l1 to fall d[n ) a p9* --! expression be+ put 9 opposition to rascal1 :i* 0 ! t]m = ! de] :5 lean & out ( condition4 ,9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7iv4 #b71 ,hol(]nes says3 ,! de] 01 z y "k1 sanguis1--9 blood4 ,! notion t ! blood may be ?ick5$ by emotional influ5ces is m5tion$ by ,polix5es 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7i4 #b71 :]e he speaks ( ?\ghts t w\ld ?ick my blood4 ,9 ,k+ ,john's temptation ( ,hub]t to murd] ,ar?ur 7iii4 #c71 x is ?us ref]r$ to3 ,or if t surly _s1 melan*oly1 ,_h bak'd ?y blood & made x heavy1 ?ick1 ,:i* else runs tickl+ up & d[n ! ve9s4 ,r$ blood 0 consid]$ a tradition>y sign ( c\rage4 ,h5ce1 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7ii4 #a71 ! ,pr9ce ( ,morocco1 :5 address+ himself to ,portia1 & urg+ 8 claims = h] h&1 says3 ,br+ me ! faire/ creature nor?w>d born1 ,:]e ,phoebus' fire sc>ce ?aws ! icicles1 ,& let u make incision = y\r love1#hii ,to prove ^: blood is r$de/1 8 or m9e4 #hii ,mr4 ,s+]1 9 a note on ?is passage1 says1 ,x 0 cu/om>y1 9 ! ,ea/1 = lov]s to te/ify ! viol5ce ( _! passion by cutt+ !mselves 9 ! sight ( _! mi/resses2 & ! fa%ion seems to h be5 adopt$ "h z a m>k ( gallantry 9 ,%akespe>e's "t1 :5 "y m5 frequ5tly /abb$ _! arms ) dagg]s1 &1 m+l+ ! blood ) w9e1 drank x (f to ! heal?s ( _! mi/resses4--,vol4 ii4 p4 #dag4 ,aga91 9 ! same play1 c[>ds are said to h liv]s z :ite z milk1 & an effem9ate man is t]m$ a milk-sop4 ,macbe?1 too 7v4 #c71 calls "o ( 8 fright$ soldi]s a lily-liv]'d boy4 ,& 9 ,k+ ,le> 7ii4 #b71 ! ,e>l ( ,k5t makes use ( ! same phrase4 ,9 illu/ration ( ?is notion ,mr4 ,d\ce#ijj quotes f ,b>?olomew ,glantville1 :o says3 ,re$ clo!s h be5 lay$ ^u de$ m5 9 remembrance ( !yr h>dynes & boldnes1 :yle !y 7 9 !yr bl\dde4 #ijj ,illu/rations ( ,%akspe>e1 #ahci1 p4 #aef4 ,! abs5ce ( blood 9 ! liv] z ! suppos$ prop]ty ( a c[>d1 orig9at$1 says ,dr4 ,bucknill1#ija 9 ! old !ory ( ! circulation ( ! blood1 :i* expla9s ,sir ,toby's rem>ks on 8 dupe1 9 ,twelf? ,night 7iii4 #b73 ,= ,&rew1 if he 7 op5$1 & y f9d s mu* blood 9 8 liv] z w clog ! foot ( a flea1 ,i'll eat ! re/ ( ! anatomy4 #ija ,m$ical ,k ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #abd4 ,we may quote "h a notion ref]r$ to 9 ,lucrece 7#agdd-ej71 t1 ev] s9ce ! sad dea? ( ,lucrece1 corrupt$ blood has wat]y p>ticles3 ,ab\t ! m\rn+ & congeal$ face ,( t black blood a wat]y rigol goes1 ,:i* seems to weep ^u ! ta9t$ place3 ,& ev] s9ce1 z pity+ ,lucrece' woes1 ,corrupt$ blood "s wat]y tok5 %[s2 ,& blood unta9t$ /ill do? r$ abide1 ,blu%+ at t :i* is s putrefi$4 ,bra94 ,by old anatomi/s ! bra9 0 divid$ into ?ree v5tricles1 9 ! h9d]mo/ ( :i* !y plac$ ! memory4 ,t ?is division 0 n unkn[n to ,%akespe>e is app>5t f ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7iv4 #b71 :]e ,hol(]nes says3 ,a fooli% extravagant _s1 full ( =ms1 figures1 %apes1 objects1 ideas1 appreh5sions1 motions1 revolutions3 ^! are begot 9 ! v5tricle ( memory4 ,aga91 ,lady ,macbe? 7i4 #g71 speak+ ( ,duncan's two *amb]la9s1 says3 ,w ,i ) w9e & wassail s conv9ce1 ,t memory1 ! w>d] ( ! bra91 ,%all be a fume1 & ! receipt ( reason ,a limbeck only4 ,! ?ird v5tricle is ! c]ebellum1 by :i* ! bra9 is connect$ ) ! sp9al m>r[ & ! re/ ( ! body2 ! memory is po/$ 9 ! c]ebellum1 l a w>d] or s5t9el1 to w>n ! reason aga9/ attack4 ,?us1 :5 ! memory is conv]t$ by intoxication into a m]e fume1#ijb !n x fills ! bra9 itself--! receipt or receptacle ( reason1 :i* ?us becomes l an alembic1 or cap ( a /ill4#ijc #ijb ,cf4 ,tempe/1 v4 #a3 ! ignorant fumes t mantle ,_! cle>] reason4 #ijc ,cl>k & ,wright's ,notes to ,macbe?1 #ahgg1 p4 #aja4 ,a popul> nickname1 9 =m] times1 = ! skull1 0 bra9-pan2 to :i* ,cade1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iv4 #aj7 ref]s3 _m a "t1 b = a sallet1 my bra9-pan _h be5 cleft ) a br[n bill4 ,! phrase to beat out ! bra9s is us$ by ,%akespe>e metaphorically 9 ! s5se ( defeat or de/roy2 j z n[adays we popul>ly speak ( knock+ a s*eme on ! head4 ,9 ,measure = ,measure 7v4 #a71 ! ,duke1 address+ ,isabella1 tells h]3 ,o mo/ k9d maid1 ,x 0 ! swift cel]ity ( 8 dea?1 ,:i* ,i did ?9k ) sl[] foot came on1 ,t bra9'd my purpose4 ,! expression to be> a bra91 :i* is us$ by ! ,nurse 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #c71 ,nay1 ,i d be> a bra91 d5ot$ mu* m5tal capacity ei!r ( att5tion1 +5uity1 or remembrance4#ijd ,?us1 9 ,m>/on's ,dut* ,c\rtezan 7#afje71 we read3 ,my silly husb&1 alas6 kn[s no?+ ( x1 'tis ,i t mu/ be>e a bra9e = all4 #ijd ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 viii4 p4 #abc4 ,! notion ( ! bra9 z ! seat ( ! s\l is m5tion$ by ,pr9ce ,h5ry1 :o1 ref]r+ to ,k+ ,john 7v4 #g71 says3 8 pure bra91 ,:i* "s suppose ! s\l's frail dwell+-h\se1 ,do?1 by ! idle comm5ts t x makes1 ,=etell ! end+ ( mortality4 ,e>4 ,accord+ to a well-kn[n sup]/ition1 mu* cr$it$ 9 days gone by1 & /ill ext5sively believ$1 a t+l+ ( ! "r e> is consid]$ lucky1 be+ suppos$ to d5ote t a fri5d is speak+ well ( "o1 :]eas a t+l+ ( ! left is said to imply ! opposite4 ,?is notion1 h[ev]1 v>ies 9 diff]5t localities1 z 9 "s places x is ! t+l+ ( ! left e> :i* d5otes ! fri5d1 & ! t+l+ ( ! "r e> ! enemy4 ,9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7iii4 #a71 ,beatrice asks ,ursula & ,h]o1 :o _h be5 talk+ ( h]3 ,:at fire is 9 m9e e>s8 ! ref]5ce1 no d\bt1 be+ to ?is popul> fancy4 ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne#ije ascribes ! idea to ! belief 9 gu>dian angels1 :o t\* ! "r or left e> accord+ z ! conv]sation is favorable or n to ! p]son4 #ije ,vulg> ,errors1 book v4 *ap4 #bc 7,bohn's edition1 #aheb1 vol4 ii4 p4 #hb74 ,9 ,%akespe>e's day x 0 cu/om>y = "y gallants to we> a long lock ( hair dangl+ by ! e>1 kn[n z a love-lock4 ,h5ce1 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7iii4 #c71 ! ,wat* id5tifies "o ( 8 del9qu5ts3 ,i "k him2 a' we>s a lock4#ijf #ijf ,prynne attack$ ! fa%ion 9 8 ,unlovel9ess ( ,love-locks4 ,aga91 fur!r on 7v4 #a71 ,dogb]ry gives ano!r allusion to ?is practice3 ,he we>s a key 9 8 e>1 & a lock hang+ by x4 ,an expression ( ende>m5t curr5t 9 ye>s gone by 0 to bite ! e>4 ,9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7ii4 #d71 ,m]cutio says3 ,i w bite !e by ! e> = t je/1 a passage :i* is expla9$ 9 ,n>es 7,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #ha7 by ! foll[+ "o f ,b5 ,jonson's ,al*emi/ 7ii4 #c73 ,mammon4 ,?' ha/ wit*'d me1 rogue2 take1 g4 ,face4 ,y\r jack1 & all1 sir4 ,mammon4 ,slave1 ,i c\ld bite ?9e e>4444 ,away1 ?\ do/ n c>e = me6 ,gif=d1 9 8 notes on ,jonson's ,works 7vol4 ii4 p4 #ahd71 says ! odd mode ( express+ pleasure by bit+ ! e> seems to be tak5 f ! practice ( animals1 :o1 9 a playful mood1 bite ea* o!r's e>s4 ,:ile speak+ ( ! e>1 x may be not$ t ! s-call$ want ( e> = music has be5 reg>d$ z a sign ( an au/]e disposition4 ,?us ,cs> says ( ,cassius 7,julius ,cs>1 i4 #b73 ,he he>s no music ,seldom he smiles4 ,!re is1 too1 ! well-kn[n passage 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7v4 #a73 ,! man t ha? no music 9 himself1 ,nor is n mov'd ) concord ( sweet s\nds1 ,is fit = treasons1 /ratagems1 & spoils4 ,accord+ to ! ,italian prov]b3 ,:om ,god loves n1 t man loves n music4#ijg #ijg ,see ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 pp4 #afe1 #aff4 ,elb[4 ,accord+ to a popul> belief1 ! it*+ ( ! elb[ d5ot$ an approa*+ *ange ( "s k9d or o!r4#ijh ,?us1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7v4 #a71 ! k+ speaks ( ,fickle *angel+s1 & poor discont5ts1 ,:i* gape1 & rub ! elb[1 at ! news ,( hurlyburly innovation4 #ijh ,ibid4 p4 #bgc4 ,) ?is idea we may comp>e simil> ones connect$ ) o!r p>ts ( ! body4 ,?us1 9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #a71 "o ( ! wit*es exclaims3 ,by ! prick+ ( my ?umbs1 ,some?+ wick$ ?is way comes4 ,aga91 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7ii4 #a71 ,ajax says3 ,my f+]s it*1#iji & an it*+ palm 0 said to be an indication t ! p]son w\ld %ortly receive money4 ,h5ce1 x d5ot$ a h& ready to receive bribes4 ,?us1 9 ,julius ,cs> 7iv4 #c71 ,brutus says to ,cassius3 ,let me tell y1 ,cassius1 y y\rself ,are mu* condemn'd to h an it*+ palm2 ,to sell & m>t y\r (fices = gold ,to undes]v]s4 #iji ,see ,romeo & ,juliet 7iii4 #e71 :]e ,capulet says1 ,my f+]s it*1 d5ot+ anxiety4 ,s1 9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7ii4 #c71 ,%all[ says3 ,if ,i see a sword out1 my f+] it*es to make "o4 ,aga91 9 ,o!llo 7iv4 #c71 poor ,desdemona says to ,emilia3 ,m9e eyes d it*2 ,do? t bode weep+8 ,grose alludes to ?is sup]/ition1 & says3 ,:5 ! "r eye it*es1 ! p>ty affect$ w %ortly cry2 if ! left1 !y w laugh4 ,! it*+ ( ! eye1 z an om51 is spok5 ( by ,!ocritus1 :o says3 ,my "r eye it*es n[1 & ,i w see my love4 ,eyes4 ,a good deal ( curi\s folk-lore has1 at "o "t or ano!r1 clu/]$ r\nd ! eye2 & ! well-kn[n sup]/ition kn[n z ! evil eye has already be5 describ$ 9 ! *apt] on ,bir? & ,baptism4 ,blu5ess above ! eye 01 9 days gone by1 consid]$ a sign ( love1 & z su* is allud$ to by ,rosal9d 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7iii4 #b71 :]e %e enum]ates ! m>ks ( love to ,orl&o3 ,a lean *eek1 :i* y h n2 a blue eye1 & sunk51 :i* y h n4 ,! t]m baby 9 ! eye 0 sportively appli$ by our =efa!rs to ! m9iature reflection ( himself :i* a p]son may see 9 ! pupil ( ano!r's eye4 ,9 ,timon ( ,a!ns 7i4 #b71 "o ( ! lords says3 ,joy _h ! l conception 9 our eyes1 ,&1 at t in/ant1 l a babe sprung up1 an allusion probably be+ made to ?is :imsical notion4 ,x is (t5 ref]r$ to by old writ]s1 z1 = in/ance1 by ,drayton1 9 8 ,ideas3 ,b ,o1 see1 see6 we ne$ enquire no fur!r1 ,^u y\r lips ! sc>let drops are f\nd1 ,&1 9 y\r eye1 ! boy t did ! murd]4#iaj #iaj ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #dd4 ,we may comp>e ! expression1 to look babies 9 ! eyes1 a common amusem5t ( lov]s 9 days gone by4 ,9 ,beaumont & ,flet*]'s ,loyal ,subject 7iii4 #b71 ,!odore asks3 ,c ye look babies1 si/]s1 ,9 ! "y gallants' eyes1 & twirl _! b&-/r+s8 ,& once m1 to quote f ,mass+]'s ,r5egado 7ii4 #d71 :]e ,donusa says3 ,:5 a "y lady wr+s y by ! h&1 ?us1 ,or ) an amor\s t\* presses y\r foot2 ,looks babies 9 y\r eyes1 plays ) y\r locks1 etc4 ,ano!r old t]m = ! eyes 0 cry/al1 :i* is us$ by ,pi/ol to 8 wife1 ,mrs4 ,quickly1 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7ii4 #c73 ,!re=e1 caveto be ?y c\nsellor4 ,g1 cle> ?y cry/als2 t is1 dry ?9e eyes4 ,9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #b71 ! phrase is employ$ by ,b5volio3 ,tut6 y saw h] fair1 none else be+ by1 ,h]self pois'd ) h]self 9 ei!r eye3 ,b 9 t cry/al scales let !re be weigh'd ,y\r lady's love aga9/ "s o!r maid4 ,x also occurs 9 ,beaumont & ,flet*]'s ,d\ble ,m>riage 7v4 #c71 :]e ,juliana exclaims3 ,sleep y1 sweet glasses6 ,an ev]la/+ slumb] cr[n ^? cry/als4 ,! expression wall-ey$ d5otes1 says ,dyce 7,gloss>y1 p4 #dhf71 eyes ) a :ite or pale-gray iris--gl>+-ey$4 ,x is us$ by ,lucius 9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7v4 #a73 ,say1 wall-ey'd slave1 :i!r w\ld/ ?\ convey ,?is gr[+ image ( ?y fi5d-l face8 ,9 ,k+ ,john 7iv4 #c71 ,salisbury speaks ( wall-ey$ wra?4 ,brockett1 9 8 ,gloss>y ( ,nor? ,c\ntry ,words1 says3 ,9 ^? p>ts ( ! nor? ) :i* ,i am be/ acqua9t$1 p]sons are said to be wall-ey$ :5 ! :ite ( ! eye is v l>ge & to "o side2 on ! bord]s 'sic folks' are consid]$ lucky4 ,! t]m is also occasionally appli$ to horses ) simil> eyes1 ?\gh its wid] g5]al acceptation seems to be :5 ! iris ( ! eye is :ite1 or ( a v pale color4 ,a wall-ey$ horse sees p]fectly well4 ,face4 ,a common expression to play ! hypocrite1 or feign1 0 to face4 ,s1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7v4 #c71 ,suffolk decl>es h[3 ,fair ,m>g>et kn[s ,t ,suffolk do? n flatt]1 face1 or feign4 ,h5ce ! "n ( "o ( ! *>act]s 9 ,b5 ,jonson's ,al*emi/4 ,s1 9 ! ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7ii4 #a73 ,yet ,i h fac$ x ) a c>d ( t54 ,! phrase1 also1 to face me d[n1 impli$ insi/+ ^u any?+ 9 opposition4 ,s1 9 ! ,com$y ( ,errors 7iii4 #a71 ,antipholus ( ,ephesus says3 ,b "h's a villa9 t w\ld face me d[n ,he met me on ! m>t4 ,feet4 ,/umbl+ has f ! e>lie/ p]iod be5 consid]$ om9\s4#iaa ,?us1 ,cic]o m5tions x among ! sup]/itions ( 8 day2 & num]\s in/ances ( ?is unlucky act h be5 h&$ d[n f bygone times4 ,we are told by ,ovid h[ ,myrrha1 on h] way to ,c9yra's *amb]1 /umbl$ ?rice1 b 0 n det]r$ by ! om5 f an unnatural & fatal crime2 & ,tibullus 7lib4 ,i41 eleg4 iii4 #bj71 ref]s to x3 ,o6 quoties +ressus it]1 mihi tri/ia dixi1 ,(f5sum 9 porta signa d$isse p$em4 #iaa ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bdi2 ,jones's ,cr$ulities ,pa/ & ,pres5t1 pp4 #ebi-eca2 ,notes & ,qu]ies1 #e? s]ies1 vol4 viii4 p4 #bja4 ,?is sup]/ition is allud$ to by ,%akespe>e1 :o1 9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iv4 #g71 makes ,glo/] say3 ,= _m m5 t /umble at ! ?re%old ,are well =etold t dang] lurks )94 ,9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7iii4 #d71 ,ha/+s relates3#iab ,?ree times to-day my foot-clo? horse did /umble1 ,& />t$ :5 he look'd ^u ! ,t[]1 ,z loa? to be> me to ! slaught]-h\se4 #iab ,! foll[+ is f ,hol9%$1 :o copies ,sir ,?omas ,m3 ,9 rid+ t[>d ! ,t[] ! same morn+ 9 :i* he 7,ha/+s7 0 behead$ 8 horse twice or ?rice /umbl$ ) him1 almo/ to ! fall+2 :i* ?+1 albeit ea* man wot well daily happ5e? to !m to :ome no su* mis*ance is t[>d2 yet ha? x be5e ( an olde rite & cu/ome obs]v$ z a tok5 (t5times notablie =ego+ "s great mis=tune4 ,9 ! same way1 /umbl+ at a grave has be5 reg>d$ z equally unlucky2 & 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7v4 #c71 ,fri> ,laur5ce says3 h[ (t to-night ,h my old feet /umbl$ at graves4 ,hair4 ,f "t immemorial !re has be5 a /rong antipa?y to r$ hair1 :i* orig9at$1 accord+ to "s antiqu>ians1 9 a tradition t ,judas _h hair ( ?is color4 ,"o reason1 x may be1 :y ! dislike to x arose1 0 t ?is color 0 consid]$ ugly & unfa%ionable1 & on ?is acc\nt a p]son ) r$ hair w\ld soon be reg>d$ ) contempt4 ,x has be5 conjectur$1 too1 t ! odium took its rise f ! av]sion to ! r$-hair$ ,danes4 ,9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7iii4 #d71 ,rosal9d1 :5 speak+ ( ,orl&o1 ref]s to ?is notion3#iac ,8 v hair is ( ! dissembl+ col\r1 :]eupon ,celia replies3 ,some?+ br[n] ?an ,judas's4 #iac ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #abg2 ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 pp4 #fa1 #bcj4 ,yell[ hair1 too1 0 9 ye>s gone by reg>d$ ) ill-favor1 & e/eem$ a de=mity4 ,9 anci5t pictures & tape/ries bo? ,ca9 & ,judas are repres5t$ ) yell[ be>ds1 9 allusion to :i* ,simple1 9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7i4 #d71 :5 int]rogat$1 says ( 8 ma/]3 ,he ha? b a little wee face1 ) a little yell[ be>d--a ,ca9-col\r$ be>d4#iad #iad ,! qu>tos ( #afjb read a kane-col\r$ be>d4 ,9 speak+ ( be>ds1 x may be not$ t =m]ly !y gave rise to v>i\s cu/oms4 ,?us1 9 ,%akespe>e's day1 dye+ be>ds 0 a fa%ionable cu/om1 & s ,bottom1 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7i4 #b71 is p]plex$ z to :at be>d he %\ld we> :5 act+ be=e ! duke4 ,he says3 ,i w dis*>ge x 9 ei!r y\r /raw-col\r be>d1 y\r orange-tawny be>d1 y\r purple-9-gra9 be>d1 or y\r ,fr5*-cr[n-col\r be>d1 y\r p]fect yell[4#iae #iae ,see ,jaques's ,description ( ! ,sev5 ,ages 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x1 7ii4 #f74 ,to mutilate a be>d 9 any way 0 consid]$ an irrep>able outrage1 a practice to :i* ,hamlet ref]s 7ii4 #b73 ,:o calls me villa98 breaks my pate across8 ,plucks (f my be>d1 & bl[s x 9 my face8 ,& 9 ,k+ ,le> 7iii4 #g71 ,glo/] exclaims3 ,by ! k9d gods1 'tis mo/ ignobly done ,to pluck me by ! be>d4 ,/rok+ ! be>d be=e a p]son spoke 0 prep>atory to favor4 ,h5ce 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7i4 #c71 ,ulysses1 :5 describ+ h[ ,a*illes asks ,patroclus to imitate c]ta9 ( _! *iefs1 repres5ts him z say+3 ',n[ play me ,ne/or2 hem1 & /roke ?y be>d1 ,z he1 be+ dre/ to "s oration4' ,aga91 ! phrase to be>d meant to oppose face to face 9 a ho/ile mann]4 ,?us1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iv4 #a71 ,d\glas decl>es3 ,no man s pot5t brea!s ^u ! gr\nd1 ,b ,i w be>d him4 ,& 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #c71 ! ,bi%op ( ,w9*e/] says to ,glo/]3 ,d :at ?\ d>'/2 ,i'll be>d !e to ?y face4 ,x seems also to h be5 cu/om>y to swe> by ! be>d1 an allusion to :i* is made by ,t\*/one 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7i4 #b73 /roke y\r *9s1 & swe> by y\r be>ds t ,i am a knave4 ,we may also comp>e :at ,ne/or says 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7iv4 #e73 ,by ?is :ite be>d1 ,i'd fight ) !e to-morr[4 ,our ance/ors paid great att5tion to ! %ape ( _! be>ds1 c]ta9 cuts be+ appropriat$ to c]ta9 pr(essions & ranks4 ,9 ,h5ry ,v4 7iii4 #f71 ,g[] speaks ( a be>d ( ! g5]al's cut4 ,z ,mr4 ,/aunton rem>ks1 ,n ! lea/ odd among ! fanta/ic fa%ions ( our =efa!rs 0 ! cu/om ( di/+ui%+ c]ta9 pr(essions & classes by ! cut ( ! be>d2 ?us we he>1 int] alia1 ( ! bi%op's be>d1 ! judge's be>d1 ! soldi]'s be>d1 ! citiz5's be>d1 & ev5 ! cl[n's be>d4 ,r&le ,holme tells u1 ,! broad or ca!dral be>d is s-call$ because bi%ops or g[n-m5 ( ! *ur* anci5tly did we> su* be>ds4 ,by ! milit>y man1 ! cut adopt$ 0 kn[n z ! /iletto or spade4 ,! be>d ( ! citiz5 0 usually worn r\nd1 z ,mrs4 ,quickly describes x 9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7i4 #d71 l a glov]'s p>+-knife4 ,! cl[n's be>d 0 left bu%y or untrimm$4 ,malone quotes f an old ballad entitl$ ,le ,pr9ce d' ,am\r1 #affj3 ,next ! cl[n do? out-ru% ,) ! be>d ( ! bu%4 ,accord+ to an old sup]/ition1 mu* hair on ! head has be5 suppos$ to indicate an abs5ce ( intellect1 a notion ref]r$ to by ,antipholus ( ,syracuse1 9 ! ,com$y ( ,errors 7ii4 #b73 !re's _m a man ha? m hair ?an wit4 ,9 ! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7iii4 #a71 ! same prov]bial s5t5ce is m5tion$ by ,spe$4 ,malone quotes ! foll[+ l9es ^u ,suckl+'s ,aglaura1 z an illu/ration ( ?is say+3#iaf ,?is great volum9\s pamphlet may be said ,to be l "o t ha? m hair ?an head2 ,m excrem5t ?an body3 trees :i* spr\t ,) broade/ leaves h /ill ! smalle/ fruit4 #iaf ,p>nassus ,biceps1 #afef4 ,/eev5s gives an example f ,florio3 ,a ti/y-to/y wag-fea!r1 m haire ?an wit4 ,excessive fe> has be5 said to cause ! hair to /& on end3 an in/ance ( :i* ,%akespe>e records 9 ,hamlet 7iii4 #d71 9 t celebrat$ passage :]e ! ,que51 be+ at a loss to und]/& h] son's /range appe>ance dur+ 8 conv]sation ) ! ,gho/1 :i* is invisible to h]1 says3 ,&1 z ! sleep+ soldi]s 9 ! al>m1 ,y\r b$d$ hair1 l life 9 excrem5ts1 ,/>ts up1 & /&s on end4 ,a fur!r in/ance occurs 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7i4 #b71 :]e ,ariel1 describ+ ! %ipwreck1 graphically relates h[ ,all1 b m>9]s1 ,plung$ 9 ! foam+ br9e1 & quit ! vessel1 ,!n all a-fire ) me3 ! k+'s son1 ,f]d9&1 ,) hair up-/>+--!n l re$s1 n hair-- ,0 ! fir/ man t leap'd4 ,aga91 ,macbe? says 7i4 #c73 :y d ,i yield to t sugge/ion ,^: horrid image do? unfix my hair8 ,& fur!r on he says 7v4 #e73 ,! "t has be51 my s5ses w\ld h cool'd ,to he> a night-%riek2 & my fell ( hair ,w\ld at a dismal treatise r\se1 & /ir ,z life 7 9't4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #b7 x is ref]r$ to by ,suffolk z a sign ( madness3 ,my hair be fix'd on end1 z "o di/ract4 ,&1 once m1 9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7i4 #c71 ,ha/+s decl>es3 ,my hair do? /& on end to he> h] curses4 ,ano!r popul> notion m5tion$ by ,%akespe>e is1 t sudd5 fright or great sorr[ w cause ! hair to turn :ite4 ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d71 ,fal/aff1 9 8 spee* to ,pr9ce ,h5ry1 tells him3 ?y fa!r's be>d is turn$ :ite ) ! news4 ,among ! _m in/ances record$ to e/abli% ! tru? ( ?is idea1 x is said t ! hair & be>d ( ! ,duke ( ,brunswick :it5$ 9 tw5ty-f\r h\rs ^u 8 he>+ t 8 fa!r _h be5 mortally w\nd$ 9 ! battle ( ,au]/adt4 ,m>ie ,anto9ette1 ! un=tunate que5 ( ,l\is ,,xvi41 f\nd h] hair sudd5ly *ang$ by h] tr\bles2 & a simil> *ange happ5$ to ,*>les ,i41 :5 he attempt$ to escape f ,c>isbrooke ,ca/le4 ,mr4 ,timbs1 9 8 ,doctors & ,pati5ts 7#ahgf1 p4 #bja71 says t *emi/s h discov]$ t hair conta9s an oil1 a muc\s sub/ance1 iron1 oxide ( manganese1 phosphate & c>bonate ( iron1 fl9t1 & a l>ge proportion ( sulphur4 ,:ite hair conta9s also phosphate ( magnesia1 & its oil is ne>ly col\rless4 ,:5 hair becomes sudd5ly :ite f t]ror1 x is probably ow+ to ! sulphur absorb+ ! oil1 z 9 ! op]ation ( :it5+ wooll5 clo?s4 ,hair 0 =m]ly us$ metaphorically = ! color1 complexion1 or nature ( a ?+4 ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iv4 #a71 ,worce/] says3 ,i w\ld y\r fa!r _h be5 "h1 ,! quality & hair ( our attempt ,brooks no division4 ,9 ,beaumont & ,flet*]'s ,nice ,val\r x is s us$3 ,a lady ( my hair _c want pity+4 ,h&s4 ,v>i\s sup]/itions h1 at diff]5t times1 clu/]$ r\nd ! h&4 ,?us1 9 palmi/ry1 a moi/ "o is said to d5ote an amor\s con/itution4 ,9 ,o!llo 7iii4 #d7 we h ! foll[+ allusion to ?is popul> notion3 ,o!llo4 ,give me y\r h&4 ,?is h& is moi/1 my lady4 ,desdemona4 ,x yet has felt no age1 nor kn[n no sorr[4 ,o!llo4 ,?is argues fruitfulness1 & lib]al he>t4 ,aga91 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7i4 #b71 ,iras says3 ,!re's a palm presages *a/ity2 :]eupon ,*>mian adds3 ,if an oily palm be n a fruitful progno/ication1 ,i _c scrat* m9e e>4 ,&1 9 ! ,com$y ( ,errors 7iii4 #b71 ,dromio ( ,syracuse speaks ( b>r5ness z h>d 9 ! palm ( ! h&4 ,a dry h&1 h[ev]1 has be5 suppos$ to d5ote age & debility4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #b7 ! ,"l ,*ief ,ju/ice enum]ates ?is among ! *>act]i/ics ( su* a con/itution4#iag #iag ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 p4 #agi4 ,9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7ii4 #b71 ,launcelot1 ref]r+ to ! language ( palmi/ry1 calls ! h& ! table1 mean+ !reby ! :ole collection ( l9es on ! sk9 )9 ! h&3 ,well1 if any man 9 ,italy h a fair] table1 :i* do? (f] to swe> ^u a book1 ,i %all h good =tune4 ,he !n alludes to "o ( ! l9es 9 ! h&1 kn[n z ! l9e ( life3 ,g to1 "h's a simple l9e ( life4 ,9 ! ,two ,noble ,k9sm5 7iii4 #e7 palmi/ry is fur!r m5tion$3 ,gaol]'s ,daught]4 ,give me y\r h&4 ,g]rold4 ,:y8 ,gaol]'s ,daught]4 ,i c tell y\r =tune4 ,x 0 once suppos$ t little worms 7 br$ 9 ! f+]s ( idle s]vants4 ,to ?is notion ,m]cutio ref]s 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #d71 :]e1 9 8 description ( ,que5 ,mab1 he says3 ,h] waggon]1 a small grey-coat$ gnat1 ,n half s big z a r\nd little worm ,prick'd f ! lazy f+] ( a maid4 ,?is notion is allud$ to by ,john ,bani/]1 a fam\s surgeon 9 ,%akespe>e's day1 9 8 ,comp5di\s ,*yrurg]ie 7#aehe1 p4 #dfe73 ,we commonly call !m worms1 :i* _m wom51 sitt+ 9 ! sun%9e1 c cunn+ly picke out ) ne$les1 & are mo/ common 9 ! h&es4 ,a popul> t]m =m]ly 9 use = ! nails on ! t5 f+]s 0 ! t5 comm&m5ts1 :i*1 says ,n>es1#iah d\btless l$ to ! swe>+ by !m1 z by ! real comm&m5ts4 ,?us1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #c71 ! ,du*ess ( ,glo/] says to ! que53 ,c\ld ,i come ne> y\r beauty ) my nails ,i'd set my t5 comm&m5ts 9 y\r face4 #iah ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #hga4 ,9 ! same way ! f+]s 7 also call$ ! t5 bones1 z a little fur!r on 9 ! same play1 :]e ,pet] swe>s by ^! t5 bones4 ,! phrase ( 8 h&s 0 equival5t to ( 8 in*es1 or ( 8 size1 a h& be+ ! measure ( f\r in*es4 ,s1 9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7i4 #d71 ,simple says3 ,ay1 =soo?3 b he is z tall a man ( 8 h&s z any is betwe5 ?is & 8 head1 ! expression be+ us$ probably = ! sake ( a jocul> equivocation 9 ! ^w tall1 :i* meant ei!r bold or high4#iai #iai ,ibid4 vol4 i4 p4 #djb4 ,aga91 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7v4 #b71 ! ,cl[n tells ! ,%eph]d3 ,i'll swe> to ! pr9ce1 ?\ art a tall fell[ ( ?y h&s1 & t ?\ wilt n be drunk2 b ,i "k ?\ art no tall fell[ ( ?y h&s1 & t ?\ wilt be drunk2 b ,i'll swe> x1 & ,i w\ld ?\ w\ld/ be a tall fell[ ( ?y h&s4 ,a prov]bial phrase = be+ tall f necessity 0 to bl[ ! nail4 ,9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7ii4 #e7 ! k+ says3 ,:5 dy+ cl\ds cont5d ) gr[+ light1 ,:at "t ! %eph]d1 bl[+ ( 8 nails1 ,c nei!r call x p]fect day1 nor night4 ,x occurs 9 ! song at ! end ( ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/3 ,& ,dick ! %eph]d bl[s 8 nail4 ,to bite ! ?umb at a p]son impli$ an insult2 h5ce1 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #a71 ,sampson says3 ,i w bite my ?umb at !m2 :i* is a disgrace to !m1 if !y be> x4 ,! ?umb1 9 ?is action1 we are told1 repres5t$ a fig1 & ! :ole 0 equival5t to a fig = y4#ibj ,deck]1 9 8 ,dead ,t]m 7#afjh71 speak+ ( ! v>i\s gr\ps t daily frequ5t$ ,/4 ,paul's ,*ur*1 says3 ,:at swe>+ is !re1 :at %\ld]+1 :at ju/l+1 :at je]+1 :at byt+ ( ?umbs1 to beget qu>rels8 #ibj ,see page #bah4 ,h>e-lip4 ,a cleft lip1 s call$ f its suppos$ resemblance to ! upp] lip ( a h>e4 ,x 0 popul>ly believ$ to be ! mis*iev\s act ( an elf or malici\s fairy4 ,s1 9 ,k+ ,le> 7iii4 #d71 ,edg> says ( ,glo/]3 ,?is is ! f\l fi5d ,flibb]tigibbet3 he 444 squ9ts ! eye1 & makes ! h>e-lip4 ,9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7v4 #b71 ,ob]on1 9 bless+ ! bridal-b$ ( ,!seus & ,hippolyta1 says3 ,nev] mole1 h>e-lip1 nor sc>1 99 99 99 99 99 ,%all ^u _! *ildr5 be4 ,! expression hang ! lip meant to drop ! lip 9 sull5ness or contempt4 ,?us1 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7iii4 #a71 ,hel5 expla9s :y h] bro!r ,troilus is n abroad by say+3 ,he hangs ! lip at some?+4 ,we may comp>e1 too1 ! words 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d73 a fooli% hang+ ( ?y ne!r lip4 ,head4 ,accord+ to ! old writ]s on physiognomy1 a r\nd head d5ot$ fooli%ness1 a notion to :i* ref]5ce is made 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7iii4 #c71 9 ! foll[+ dialogue1 :]e ,cleopatra1 inquir+ ab\t ,octavia1 says to ! ,mess5g]3 ,be>'/ ?\ h] face 9 m9d8 ,is't long1 or r\nd8 ,mess5g]4 ,r\nd1 ev5 to fault9ess4 ,cleopatra4 ,= ! mo/ "p1 too1 !y are fooli% t are s4 ,9 ,hill's ,pleasant ,hi/ory1 etc4 7#afac71 we read3 ,! head v r\nd1 to be =getful & fooli%4 ,aga93 ,! head long1 to be prud5t & w>y4 ,he>t4 ,! t]m brok5 he>t1 z commonly appli$ to dea? f excessive grief1 is n a vulg> error1 b may arise f viol5t muscul> ex]tion or /rong m5tal emotions4 ,9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #c71 ,malcolm says3 ,! grief1 t does n speak1 ,:isp]s ! o'er-fraught he>t1 & bids x break4 ,we may comp>e1 too1 ,que5 ,m>g>et's words to ,buck+ham1 9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7i4 #c71 :]e %e prophesies h[ ,glo/] ,%all split ?y v he>t ) sorr[4 ,mr4 ,timbs1 9 8 ,my/]ies ( ,life1 ,dea?1 & ,futurity 7#ahfa1 p4 #adi71 has giv5 ! foll[+ note on ! subject3 ,?is affection 01 x is believ$1 fir/ describ$ by ,h>vey2 b s9ce 8 day sev]al cases h be5 obs]v$4 ,morgagni has record$ a few examples3 among !m1 t ( ,george ,,ii41 :o di$ sudd5ly ( ?is disease 9 #agfj2 &1 :at is v curi\s1 ,morgagni himself fell a victim to ! same malady4 ,dr4 ,elliotson1 9 8 ,lumleyan ,lectures on ,diseases ( ! ,he>t1 9 #ahci1 /at$ t he _h only se5 "o in/ance2 b 9 ! ',cyclopdia ( ,practical ,m$ic9e' ,dr4 ,t[ns5d gives a table ( tw5ty-five cases1 collect$ f v>i\s au?ors4 ,9 old5 times ! he>t 0 e/eem$ ! seat ( ! und]/&+4 ,h5ce1 9 ,coriolanus 7i4 #a71 ! ,citiz5 speaks ( ! c\nsellor he>t4 ,) ! anci5ts1 also1 ! he>t 0 consid]$ ! seat ( c\rage1 to :i* ,%akespe>e ref]s 9 ,julius ,cs> 7ii4 #b73 ,s]vant4 ,pluck+ ! entrails ( an (f]+ =?1 ,!y c\ld n f9d a he>t )9 ! bea/4 ,cs>4 ,! gods d ?is 9 %ame ( c[>dice3 ,cs> %\ld be a bea/ )\t a he>t1 ,if he %\ld /ay at home to-day = fe>4 ,liv]4 ,by a popul> notion1 ! liv] 0 anci5tly suppos$ to be ! seat ( love1 a sup]/ition to :i* ,%akespe>e frequ5tly alludes4 ,?us1 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7iv4 #c71 ,biron1 aft] li/5+ to ,longaville's sonnet1 rem>ks3 ,?is is ! liv] ve91 :i* makes fle% a deity1 ,a gre5 goose1 a goddess2 pure1 pure idolatry4 ,9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7iv4 #a71 ,fri> ,francis says3 ,if ev] love _h int]e/ 9 8 liv]4 ,aga91 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7iii4 #b71 ,rosal9d1 pr(ess+ to be able to cure love1 :i*1 he says1 is m]ely a madness1 says to ,orl&o1 w ,i take ^u me to wa% y\r liv] z clean z a s\nd %eep's he>t1 t !re %all n be "o spot ( love 9't4 ,9 ,twelf? ,night 7ii4 #d71 ! ,duke1 speak+ ( wom5's love1 says3 ,_! love may be call'd appetite1 ,no motion ( ! liv]1 b ! palate1 etc4 ,& ,fabian 7ii4 #e71 allud+ to ,olivia's suppos$ lett] to ,malvolio1 says3 ,?is w9s him1 liv] & all4 ,once m1 9 ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7ii4 #a71 ,pi/ol alludes to ! liv] z be+ ! inspir] ( amor\s passions1 =1 speak+ ( ,fal/aff1 he ref]s to 8 lov+ ,=d's wife ) liv] burn+ hot4#iba ,d\ce says1 !re is "s reason = ?9k+ t ?is sup]/ition 0 borr[$ f ! ,arabian physicians1 or at lea/ adopt$ by !m2 =1 9 ! ,turki% tales1 an amor\s tailor is made to address 8 wife by ! titles ( '?\ corn] ( my liv]1 & s\l ( my love2' &1 9 ano!r place1 ! ,k+ ( ,syria1 :o _h su/a9$ a tempor>y privation ( 8 mi/ress1 is said to h _h '8 liv]1 :i* _h be5 burnt up by ! loss ( h]1 cool$ & refre%$ at ! sight ( h]4'#ibb ,accord+ to an old ,lat9 di/i*3 ,cor sapit1 pulmo loquitur1 fel commoret iras ,spl5 rid]e facit1 cogit am>e jecur4 #iba ,cf4 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7i4 #b73 ,soo?say]4 ,y %all be m belov+1 ?an belov'd4 ,*>mian4 ,i _h r heat my liv] ) dr9k+4 #ibb ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 pp4 #ch1 #ci4 ,b>?olomu1 9 8 ,de ,proprietatibus ,r]um 7lib4 v4 #ci71 in=ms u t ! liv] is ! place ( voluptu\sness & lyk+ ( ! fle%4 ,moles4 ,^! h1 f "t immemorial1 be5 reg>d$ z om9\s1 & special att5tion has be5 paid by ! sup]/iti\s to _! position on ! body4#ibc ,9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7v4 #a71 a mole on a *ild is spok5 ( by ,ob]on z a bad om51 :o1 speak+ ( ! ?ree c\ples :o _h lately be5 m>ri$1 says3 ,& ! blots ( ,nature's h& ,%all n 9 _! issue /&2 ,nev] mole1 h>e-lip1 nor sc>1 ,nor m>k prodigi\s1 su* z are ,despis$ 9 nativity1 ,%all ^u _! *ildr5 be4 #ibc ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 pp4 #beb-bee4 ,ia*imo 7,cymbel9e1 ii4 #b7 repres5ts ,imog5 z hav+ ,on h] left brea/ ,a mole c9que-spott$1 l ! crimson drops ,i' ! bottom ( a c[slip4 ,& we may also comp>e ! words ( ,cymbel9e 7v4 #e73 ,guid]ius _h ,^u 8 neck a mole1 a sangu9e />2 ,x 0 a m>k ( wond]4 ,sple54 ,?is 0 once suppos$ to be ! cause ( laught]1 a notion probably ref]r$ to by ,isabella 9 ,measure = ,measure 7ii4 #b71 :]e1 tell+ h[ ! angels weep ov] ! follies ( m51 %e adds3 :o1 ) our sple5s1 ,w\ld all !mselves laugh mortal4 ,9 ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7,induction1 sc4 i471 ! ,"l says3 haply my pres5ce ,may well abate ! ov]-m]ry sple51 ,:i* o!rwise w\ld gr[ into extremes4 ,& ,m>ia says to ,sir ,toby1 9 ,twelf? ,night 7iii4 #b73 ,if y desire ! sple51 & w laugh y\rselves into /it*es1 foll[ me4 ,wits4 ,) our e>ly writ]s1 ! five s5ses 7 usually call$ ! five wits4 ,s1 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7i4 #a71 ,beatrice says3 ,9 our la/ conflict f\r ( 8 five wits w5t halt+ (f1 & n[ is ! :ole man gov]n$ ) "o4 ,9 ,sonnet cxli41 ,%akespe>e makes a di/9ction betwe5 wits & s5ses3 ,b my five wits1 nor my five s5ses c ,dissuade "o fooli% he>t f s]v+ !e4 ,! five wits1 says ,/aunton1 are common wit1 imag9ation1 fantasy1 e/imation1 memory4 ,johnson says1 ! wits seem to h be5 reckon$ five1 by analogy to ! five s5ses1 or ! five inlets ( ideas4 ,9 ,k+ ,le> 7iii4 #d7 we f9d ! expression1 ,bless ?y five wits4 ,accord+ to a curi\s fancy1 eat+ beef 0 suppos$ to impair ! intellect1 to :i* notion ,%akespe>e has sev]al allusions4 ,?us1 9 ,twelf? ,night 7i4 #c71 ,sir ,&rew says3 ,me?9ks sometimes ,i h no m wit ?an a ,*ri/ian1 or an ord9>y man has3 b ,i am a great eat] ( beef1 & ,i believe t does h>m to my wit4 ,9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7ii4 #a71 ,!rsites says to ,ajax3 ,! plague ( ,greece ^u !e1 ?\ mongrel beef-witt$ "l6 ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,,fi%es4 ,al?\gh x has be5 sugge/$ t ,%akespe>e f\nd b little recreation 9 fi%+1#ibd r consid]+1 z he makes ,ursula say1 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7iii4 #a73 ,! pleasant'/ angl+ is to see ! fi% ,cut ) h] gold5 o>s ! silv] /ream1 ,& gre$ily dev\r ! trea*]\s bait1 & t x w\ld be difficult to illu/rate a "w on angl+ ) quotations f 8 writ+s1 ! ,rev4 ,h4 ,n4 ,ellacombe1 9 8 int]e/+ pap]s#ibe on ,%akespe>e z an ,angl]1 has n only %[n ! /rong probability t he 0 a lov] ( ?is sport1 b fur!r adds1 t he may be claim$ z ! fir/ ,engli% poet t wrote ( angl+ ) any fre$om2 & !re c be little d\bt t he w\ld n h done s if ! subject _h n be5 v famili> to him--s famili>1 t he c\ld sc>cely write )\t dropp+ ! little h9ts & unconsci\s expressions :i* prove t ! subject 0 n only famili>1 b full ( pleasant memories to him4 ,8 allusions1 h[ev]1 to ! folk-lore associat$ ) fi%es are v few2 b ! two or ?ree popul> notions & prov]bial say+s :i* he has quot$ 9 connection ) !m help to embelli% ?is "p ( our subject4 #ibd ,see ,h>t+'s ,orni?ology ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahga1 p4 #c4 #ibe ,! ,antiqu>y1 #ahha1 vol4 iv4 p4 #aic4 ,c>p4 ,?is fi% 01 prov]bially1 ! mo/ cunn+ ( fi%es1 & s ,polonius's comp>ison ( 8 own worldly-wise deceit to ! craft requir$ = cat*+ a c>p is mo/ apt 7,hamlet1 ii4 #a73ibf ,see y n[2 ,y\r bait ( falsehood takes ?is c>p ( tru?4 #ibf ,ibid4 ,?is notion is f\nd$ on fact1 ! bra9 ( ! c>p be+ six times z l>ge z ! av]age bra9 ( o!r fi%es4 ,cockle4 ,! badge ( a pilgrim 01 =m]ly1 a cockle-%ell1 :i* 0 worn usually 9 ! front ( ! hat4 ,! habit1 we are told1#ibg be+ sacr$1 ?is s]v$ z a protection1 & !re=e 0 (t5 assum$ z a disguise4 ,! escalop 0 sometimes us$1 & ei!r ( !m 0 consid]$ z an emblem ( ! pilgrim's int5tion to g beyond ! sea4 ,?us1 9 ,ophelia's ballad 7,hamlet1 iv4 #e1 song71 ! lov] is to be kn[n3 ,by 8 cockle hat & /aff1 ,& 8 s&al %oon4 #ibg ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #age4 ,9 ,peele's ,old ,wives' ,tale1 #aeie1 we read1 ,i w give !e a palm]'s /aff ( ivory1 & a scallop-%ell ( beat5 gold4 ,n>es1 too1 quotes f ,gre5's ,nev] ,too ,late an acc\nt ( ! pilgrim's dress3 ,a hat ( /raw1 l to a swa91 ,%elt] = ! sun & ra91 ,) a scallop-%ell be=e4 ,cuttle4 ,a f\l-m\!d fell[ 0 s call$1 says ,mr4 ,halliwell-,phillipps1#ibh because ?is fi% is said to ?r[ out ( its m\?1 ^u c]ta9 occasions1 an inky & black juice t f\ls ! wat]2 &1 z an illu/ration ( its use 9 ?is s5se1 he quotes ,doll ,te>%eet's words to ,pi/ol1 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 ii4 #d3 ,by ?is w9e1 ,i'll ?ru/ my knife 9 y\r m\ldy *aps1 an y play ! saucy cuttle ) me4 ,dyce says t ! context w\ld seem to imply t ! t]m is equival5t to cult]1 swagg]]1 bully4#ibi #ibh ,h&book ,index to ! ,works ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahff1 p4 #aai4 #ibi ,see a note 9 ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #aab4 ,gudgeon4 ,?is be+ ! bait = _m ( ! l>g] fi%1 to swall[ a gudgeon 0 sometimes us$ = to be caught or deceiv$4 ,m commonly1 h[ev]1 ! allusion is to ! ease ) :i* ! gudgeon itself is caught1 z 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7i4 #a71 :]e ,gratiano says3 ,b fi% n1 ) ?is melan*oly bait1 ,= ?is fool-gudgeon4 ,gurnet4 ,! phrase s\s$ gurnet 0 =m]ly a well-kn[n t]m ( reproa*1 9 allusion to :i* ,fal/aff1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iv4 #b71 says1 ,if ,i be n a%am$ ( my soldi]s1 ,i am a s\s$ gurnet4 ,! gurnet1 ( :i* !re are sev]al species1 0 probably ?\ght a v co>se & vulg> di% :5 s\s$ or pickl$4 ,loa*4 ,a small fi%1 kn[n also z ! gr\ndl+4 ,! allusion to x by "o ( ! c>ri]s1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #a71 :o says1 ,y\r *amb]-lie bre$s fleas l a loa*1 has mu* puzzl$ ! comm5tators4 ,x appe>s1 h[ev]1 f a passage 9 ,holl&'s translation ( ,pl9y's ,natural ,hi/ory 7bk4 ix4 c4 xlvii471 t anci5tly fi%es 7 suppos$ to be infe/$ ) fleas3 ,la/ ( all "s fi%es !re be :i* ( !mselves are giv5 to bre$ fleas & lice2 among :i* ! *alcis1 a k9d ( turgot1 is "o4 ,malone sugge/s t ! passage may mean1 bre$s fleas z fa/ z a loa* bre$s loa*es2 ?is fi% be+ reckon$ a peculi>ly prolific "o4 ,x seems probable1 h[ev]1 t ! c>ri] alludes to "o ( ^? fanciful notions :i* make up a great "p ( natural hi/ory among ! common p4#icj ,at ! pres5t day !re is a fi%]man's fancy on ! ,norfolk coa/ t fi% & fleas come toge!r4 ,lawk1 sir6 said an old fell[1 ne> ,crom]1 to a correspond5t ( ,notes & ,qu]ies 7,oct4 #g?1 #ahfe71 times is z y may look 9 my flannel-%irt1 & sc>ce see a flea1 & !n !re a9't b a v few h]r9's2 b times t'll be "r alive ) 'em1 & !n !re's s>t9 to be a sight o' fi%4 #icj ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #eah4 ,mr4 ,h\ghton1 writ+ 9 ! ,academy 7,may #bg?1 #ahhb7 ?9ks t 9 ! above passage ! small riv] loa* 7,cobitis b>batula7 is ! fi% int5d$4 ,he says1 ,at c]ta9 times ( ! ye>1 *iefly dur+ ! summ] mon?s1 almo/ all fre%-wat] fi% are liable to be infe/$ ) "s k9d ( ,epizoa4 ,!re are two k9ds ( p>asitic creatures :i* are mo/ commonly se5 on v>i\s fi% caught 9 ! riv]s & ponds ( ?is c\ntry2 & ^! are ! ,argulus foliaccus1 a cru/acean1 & ! ,piscicola piscium1 a small1 cyl9drical k9d ( lee*4 ,m]maids4 ,f ! e>lie/ ages m]maids h _h a leg5d>y exi/5ce--! sir5s ( ! anci5ts evid5tly belong+ to ! same rem>kable family4 ,! or?odox m]maid is half woman1 half fi%1 ! fi%y half be+ sometimes depict$ z d\bly-tail$4 ,%akespe>e frequ5tly makes 8 *>act]s talk ab\t m]maids1 z 9 ! ,com$y ( ,errors 7iii4 #b71 :]e ,antipholus ( ,syracuse says3 ,o1 tra9 me n1 sweet m]maid1 ) ?y note1 ,to dr[n me 9 ?y si/]'s flood ( te>s2 ,s+1 sir51 = ?yself1 & ,i w dote3 ,spread o'er ! silv] waves ?y gold5 hairs1 ,& z a b$ ,i'll take !m & !re lie1 ,&1 9 t glori\s supposition1 ?9k ,he ga9s by dea?1 t ha? su* means to die4 ,&1 aga91 fur!r on1 he adds3 ,i'll /op m9e e>s aga9/ ! m]maid's song4 ,/aunton consid]s t 9 ^! passages ! allusion is obvi\sly to ! long-curr5t op9ion t ! sir51 or m]maid1 decoy$ mortals to de/ruction by ! wit*]y ( h] songs4 ,?is sup]/ition has be5 *>m+ly illu/rat$ by ,leyd51 9 8 poem1 ,! ,m]maid 7see ,scott's ,m9/relsy ( ! ,scotti% ,bord]1 vol4 iv4 p4 #bid73 ,?us1 all to soo! ! *iefta9's woe1 ,f> f ! maid he lov$ s de>1 ,! song arose1 s s(t & sl[1 ,he seem'd h] p>t+ sigh to he>4 99 99 99 99 99 ,t sea-maid's =m ( pe>ly light ,0 :it] ?an ! d[ny spray1 ,& r\nd h] bosom1 heav+ bright1 ,h] glossy1 yell[ r+lets play4 ,borne on a foam+1 cre/$ wave1 ,%e rea*$ ama9 ! b\nd+ pr[1 ,!n1 clasp+ fa/ ! *iefta9 brave1 ,%e1 plung+1 s\ght ! deep bel[4 ,?is tradition gave rise to a curi\s cu/om 9 ! ,isle ( ,man1 :i*1 9 ,waldron's "t1 0 obs]v$ on ! #bd? ( ,decemb]1 ?\gh aft]w>ds on ,/4 ,/eph5's ,day4 ,x is said t1 once ^u a "t1 a fairy ( uncommon beauty ex]t$ su* undue influ5ce ov] ! male population t %e induc$1 by ! en*antm5t ( h] sweet voice1 numb]s to foll[ h] foot/eps1 till1 by degrees1 %e l$ !m into ! sea1 :]e !y p]i%$4 ,?is b>b>\s ex]cise ( p[] _h cont9u$ = a great l5g? ( "t1 till x 0 appreh5d$ t ! isl& w\ld be exhau/$ ( its def5d]s4 ,=tunately1 h[ev]1 a knight-errant sprang up1 :o discov]$ a means ( c\nt]act+ ! *>ms us$ by ?is sir5--ev5 lay+ a plot = h] de/ruction1 :i* %e only escap$ by tak+ ! =m ( a wr54 ,al?\gh %e evad$ in/ant annihilation1 a spell 0 ca/ ^u h]1 by :i* %e 0 condemn$1 on e succe$+ ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 to reanimate ! same =m1 ) ! def9ite s5t5ce t %e mu/ ultimately p]i% by human h&4 ,h5ce1 on ! specifi$ anniv]s>y1 e ef=t 0 made to extirpate ! fairy2 & ! poor wr5s 7 pursu$1 pelt$1 fir$ at1 & de/roy$ )\t m]cy1 _! fea!rs be+ pres]v$ z a *>m aga9/ %ipwreck = "o ye>4 ,at ! pres5t day !re is no p>ticul> "t = pursu+ ! wr52 x is captur$ by boys alone1 :o keep up ! old cu/om *iefly = amusem5t4 ,on ,/4 ,/eph5's ,day1 a b& ( boys g f door to door ) a wr5 susp5d$ by ! legs1 9 ! c5tre ( two hoops cross+ ea* o!r at "r angles1 decorat$ ) ev]gre5s & ribbons1 s++ l9es call$ ,hunt ! ,wr54#ica #ica ,see ,briti% ,popul> ,cu/oms1 pp4 #did1 #die4 ,9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #a71 ,ob]on speaks ( he>+ a m]maid on a dolph9's back2 & 9 ,hamlet1 ! ,que51 ref]r+ to ,ophelia's dea?1 says 7iv4 #g73 ,h] clo!s spread wide2 ,&1 m]maid-l1 a:ile !y bore h] up4 ,9 two o!r passages ,%akespe>e alludes to ?is leg5d>y creature4 ,?us1 9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iii4 #b7 ,glo/] boa/s t he w dr[n m sailors ?an ! m]maid %all1 & 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7ii4 #b71 ,enob>bus relates h[ ,h] g5tlewom51 l ! ,n]eides1 ,s _m m]maids1 t5d$ h] i' ! eyes1 ,& made _! b5ds adorn+s3 at ! helm ,a seem+ m]maid /e]s4 ,9 all ^! cases ,%akespe>e1#icb z 0 8 wont1 made 8 *>act]s say :at !y 7 likely to ?9k1 9 _! sev]al positions & p]iods ( life4 ,x has be5 sugge/$1#icc h[ev]1 t ! idea ( ! m]maid1 9 "s ( ! passages j quot$1 seems m applicable to ! sir51 especially 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream1 :]e ! m]maid on a dolph9's back c\ld n easily h be5 s plac$1 _h %e _h a fi%-l tail in/ead ( legs4 #icb ,see ,book ( ,days1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #fab-fad4 #icc ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #efe2 see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 pp4 #daa-dad4 ,notices ( m]maids are scatt]$ abundantly 9 books ( bygone times4 ,m]m5 & m]maids1 m5 ( ! sea1 & wom5 ( ! sea1 hav+ be5 z /\tly believ$ 9 z ! great sea-s]p5t1 & on v mu* ! same k9d ( evid5ce4 ,hol9%$ gives a detail$ acc\nt ( a m]man caught at ,or=d1 9 ,suffolk1 9 ! reign ( ,k+ ,john4 ,he 0 kept alive on raw meal & fi% = six mon?s1 b at la/ gl$de secretelye to ! sea1 & 0 neu] aft] se5e nor he>d (f4 ,ev5 9 mod]n times we are told h[1 e n[ & !n1 a m]maid has made h] appe>ance4 ,?us1 9 ! ,g5tleman's ,magaz9e 7,jan41 #agdg71 we read3 ,x is report$ f ! nor? ( ,scotl& t "s "t ?is mon? a sea creature1 kn[n by ! "n ( m]maid1 :i* has ! %ape ( a human body f ! trunk upw>ds1 b bel[ is :olly fi%1 0 c>ri$ "s miles up ! wat] ( ,dvron4 ,9 #ahbd a m]maid or m]man made its appe>ance1 :51 z ! pap]s ( t day in=m u1 upw>ds ( #aej di/+ui%$ fa%ionables w5t to see x4 ,! ,m]maid 0 a fam\s tav]n1 situat$ 9 ,bread ,/reet4#icd ,z e>ly z ! fifte5? c5tury1 we are told x 0 "o ( ! haunts ( ! pleasure-seek+ ,sir ,john ,h[>d1 ^: tru/y /ew>d records1 anno #adfd3 ,paid = wyn at ! ,m]mayd 9 ,br$ ,/reet1 = my ma/yr & ,syr ,ni*olas ,latim]1 xd4 ob4 ,9 #afjc ,sir ,walt] ,raleigh e/abli%$ a ,lit]>y ,club 9 ?is h\se1 among its memb]s be+ ,%akespe>e1 ,b5 ,jonson1 ,beaumont & ,flet*]1 ,seld51 ,c>ew1 ,m>t91 ,donne1 etc4 ,x is (t5 allud$ to by ,beaumont & ,flet*]4 #icd ,hi/ory ( ,sign-bo>ds1 #ahff1 p4 #bbf4 ,m9n[4 ,?is little fi%1 f its insignificant "*1 is us$ by ,coriolanus 7iii4 #a7 z a t]m ( contempt3 ,he> y ?is ,triton ( ! m9n[s8 &1 aga91 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7i4 #a71 x occurs3 't base m9n[ ( ?y mir?4' ,pike4 ,an old "n = ?is fi% 0 luce4 ,9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7i4 #a7 we are told t ,! luce is ! fre% fi%4 ,!re c be no d\bt1 too1 t !re is 9 ?is passage an allusion to ! armorial be>+s ( ,%akespe>e's old enemy1 ,sir ,?omas ,lucy4 ,among ! v>i\s in/ances ( ! use ( ?is t]m we may quote ,isaac ,walton1 :o says3 ,! mighty luce or pike is tak5 to be ! tyrant1 z ! salmon is ! k+1 ( ! fre% wat]s4 ,/[1 9 8 ,survey ( ,london1 describes a procession ( ! ,fi%mong]s' ,company 9 #abih1 z hav+ horses pa9t$ l sea-luce3 ,!n f\r salmons ( silv] on f\re horses1 & aft] !m sixe & =tie arm$ knightes rid+ on horses made l luces ( ! sea4 ,porpoise4 ,accord+ to sailors1 ! play+ ( porpoises r\nd a %ip is a c]ta9 progno/ic ( a viol5t gale ( w9d2 h5ce ! allusion 9 ,p]icles 7ii4 #a71 :]e "o ( ! fi%]m5 says1 speak+ ( ! /orm3 ,nay1 ma/]1 said n ,i z mu*1 :5 ,i saw ! porpus1 h[ he b\nc$ & tumbl$8 ,?us1 too1 9 ! ,cant]bury ,gue/s1 or a ,b>ga9 ,brok51 by ,rav5scr(t1 we read3 ,my he>t beg9s to leap & play1 l a porpice be=e a /orm4 ,& a fur!r ref]5ce occurs 9 ,wils=d's ,nature's ,secrets3 ,porpoises1 or sea-hogs1 :5 obs]v$ to sport & *ase "o ano!r ab\t %ips1 expect !n "s /ormy wea!r4 ,sea-mon/]4 ,! ref]5ce 9 ,k+ ,le> 7i4 #d71 to ! sea-mon/]-- ,+ratitude1 ?\ m>ble-he>t$ fi5d1 ,m hide\s1 :5 ?\ %['/ !e 9 a *ild1 ,?an ! sea-mon/]6-- is g5]ally suppos$ to be ! hippopotamus1 :i*1 accord+ to ,upton1 0 ! hi]oglyphical symbol ( impiety & +ratitude4#ice ,s&ys#icf gives a picture said to be portray$ 9 ! por* ( ! temple ( ,m9]va1 at ,sais1 9 :i* is ! figure ( a riv]-horse1 d5ot+ murd]1 impud5ce1 viol5ce1 & inju/ice2 = !y say t he kille? 8 sire & ravi%e? 8 own dam4 ,8 acc\nt is1 no d\bt1 tak5 f ,plut>*'s ,isis & ,osiris2 & ,%akespe>e may h read x 9 ,holl&'s translation 7p4 #acjj71 b :y he %\ld call ! riv]-horse a sea-mon/] is n v cle>4 ,x is m likely1 h[ev]1 t ! :ale is meant4#icg #ice ,wright's ,notes to ,k+ ,le>1 #ahgg1 p4 #acc4 #icf ,travels1 #afgc1 p4 #aje4 #icg ,cf4 ,k+ ,le>1 iv4 #b2 ,troilus & ,cressida1 v4 #e2 ,all's ,well t ,end's ,well1 iv4 #c4 ,,*apt] ,,xxii4 ,,sundry ,,sup]/itions4 ,almanacs4 ,9 ,%akespe>e's day ^! 7 publi%$ "u ?is title3 ,an ,almanack & ,progno/ication made = ! ye> ( our ,"l ,god1 #aeie4 ,s1 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #c71 ,autolycus says3 ! hotte/ day progno/ication proclaims2 t is1 ! hotte/ day =etold 9 ! almanac4 ,9 ,sonnet xiv4 ! progno/ications 9 almanacs are also notic$3 ,n f ! />s d ,i my judgm5t pluck2 ,& yet me?9ks ,i h a/ronomy1 ,b n to tell ( good or evil luck1 ,( plagues1 ( de>?s1 or season's quality2 ,nor c ,i =tune to brief m9utes tell1 ,po9t+ to ea* 8 ?und]1 ra91 & w9d3 ,or say ) pr9ces if x %all g well1 ,by (t pr$ict t ,i 9 heav5 f9d4 ,9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7i4 #b7 ,enob>bus says3 ,!y are great] /orms & tempe/s ?an almanacs c report2 & 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d71 ,pr9ce ,h5ry says3 ,saturn & ,v5us ?is ye> 9 conjunction6 :at says ! almanac to t8 ,amulets4 ,a belief 9 ! efficacy ( an amulet or *>m to w>d (f diseases & to av]t contagion has prevail$ f a v e>ly p]iod4 ,! use ( amulets 0 common among ! ,greeks & ,romans1 ^: amulets 7 pr9cipally =m$ ( gems1 cr[ns ( pe>ls1 necklaces ( coral1 %ells1 etc4 ,! amulet ( mod]n times has be5 ( ! mo/ v>i$ k9ds2 objects be+ select$ ei!r f ! animal1 vegetable1 or m9]al k+dom1 pieces ( old rags or g>m5ts1 scraps ( writ+ 9 legible or illegible *>act]s1 9 fact1 ( any?+ to :i* any sup]/iti\s prop]ty has be5 consid]$ to belong4#ich ,?is =m ( sup]/ition is notic$ 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7v4 #c71 9 ! sc5e laid at ,angi]s1 :]e ,la ,pucelle exclaims3 ,! reg5t conqu]s1 & ! ,fr5*m5 fly4 ,n[ help1 ye *>m+ spells & p]iapts --p]iapts be+ *>ms :i* 7 worn z pres]vatives aga9/ diseases or mis*ief4 ,?us ,cotgrave#ici expla9s ! ^w z a m$ic9e hang$ ab\t any "p ( ! bodie4 #ich ,pettigrew's ,m$ical ,sup]/itions1 p4 #dh4 #ici ,fr5* & ,engli% ,diction>y2 see ,dyce's ,gloss>y to ,%akespe>e1 p4 #caf2 ,n>es describes x z a b&age1 ti$ on = magical purposes1 f ,greek3 p]iapt2 see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 pp4 #cbd-cbf2 ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 #ahci1 pp4 #cje-cjg4 ,c]emonies4 ,^!1 says ,malone1 7 om5s or signs d$uc$ f sacrifices or o!r c]emonial rites4 ,?us1 9 ,julius ,cs> 7ii4 #a71 ,cassius says ( ,cs>1 t-- he is sup]/iti\s gr[n ( late1 ,q f ! ma9 op9ion he held once ,( fantasy1 ( dreams1 & c]emonies4 ,& 9 ! next sc5e ,calpurnia adds3 ,cs>1 ,i nev] /ood on c]emonies1 ,yet n[ !y fright me4 ,*>ms4 ,^!1 z ,mr4 ,pettigrew#idj has po9t$ out1 diff] little f amulets1 ! diff]5ce consi/+ 9 ! mann] 9 :i* !y are us$ r ?an 9 _! nature4 ,?us1 :]eas ! amulet 0 to be susp5d$ on ! p]son :5 employ$1 ! *>m 0 n necess>ily subject$ to su* a me?od ( application4 ,9 days gone by1 & ev5 at ! pres5t day1 9 c\ntry di/ricts1 s univ]sal has be5 ! use ( ?is s\rce ( suppos$ magical p[] t !re is sc>cely a disease = :i* a *>m has n be5 giv54 ,x is n only to diseases ( body & m9d t ! sup]/iti\s practice has be5 direct$2 hav+ be5 9 popul> reque/ to av]t evil1 & to c\nt]act suppos$ malignant influ5ces4 ,z might be expect$1 ,%akespe>e has giv5 v>i\s allusions to ?is usage1 z1 = example1 9 ,cymbel9e 7v4 #c71 :]e ,po/humus says3 ,to day1 h[ _m w\ld h giv5 _! hon\rs ,to h sav'd _! c>cases6 took heel to d't1 ,& yet di$ too6 ,i1 9 m9e own woe *>m'd1 ,c\ld n f9d dea? :]e ,i did he> him groan1 ,nor feel him :]e he /ruck --?is passage ref]r+ to ! notion ( c]ta9 *>ms be+ p[]ful en\gh to keep m5 unhurt 9 battle4 #idj ,m$ical ,sup]/itions1 p4 #ee4 ,o!llo 7iii4 #d71 speak+ ( ! h&k]*ief :i* he _h giv5 to ,desdemona1 relates3 ,t h&k]*ief ,did an ,egyptian to my "m give2 ,%e 0 a *>m]1 & c\ld almo/ read ,! ?\ghts ( p4 ,& 9 ! same play 7i4 #a71 ,brabantio asks3 ,is !re n *>ms1 ,by :i* ! prop]ty ( y\? & maidhood ,may be abus'd8 ,aga91 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7iii4 #b71 ,b5$ick1 :o is repres5t$ z hav+ ! too?a*e1 aft] li/5+ to ! bant] ( 8 comrades1 replies3 ,yet is ?is no *>m = ! too?a*e4 ,p]fect sil5ce seems to h be5 reg>d$ z indisp5sable = ! success ( any *>m2 & ,pl9y in=ms u t favete l+uis 0 ! usual exclamation employ$ on su* an occasion4 ,f ?is circum/ance x has be5 sugge/$ t ! well-kn[n phrase to *>m a tongue may h orig9at$4 ,?us we h ! foll[+ dialogue 9 ,o!llo 7v4 #b73 ,iago4 ,g to1 *>m y\r tongue4 ,emilia4 ,i w n *>m my tongue2 ,i am b\nd to speak4 ,?us1 on ! appe>ance1 amid ?und]1 ( ! fir/ app>ition to ,macbe?1 aft] ! wit*es h p]=m$ c]ta9 *>ms 7iv4 #a71 ,%akespe>e introduces ! foll[+ dialogue3 ,macbe?4 ,tell me1 ?\ unkn[n p[]-- ,fir/ ,wit*4 ,he kn[s ?y ?\ght3 ,he> 8 spee*1 b say ?\ n\ght4 ,aga91 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7iv4 #a71 ,prosp]o says3 hu%1 & be mute1 ,or else our spell is m>r'd4 ,metrical ,*>ms4 ,!re 0 a sup]/ition long preval5t t life might be tak5 away by metrical *>ms4#ida ,reg9ald ,scot1 9 8 ,discov]y ( ,wit*craft 7#aehd71 says3 ,! ,iri%m5 addict !mselves1 etc42 yea1 !y w n /icke to affirme t !y c rime a man to dea?4 ,9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #a71 ! ,duke ( ,exet]1 ref]r+ to ! lam5t$ dea? ( ,h5ry ,v41 says3 ,%all we ?9k ! subtle-witt$ ,fr5* ,conjur]s & sorc]]s1 t1 afraid ( him1 ,by magic v]ses h contriv$ 8 end8 #ida ,see1 "u ,rat1 a simil> sup]/ition notic$4 ,^! magic v]ses1 to :i* ! dea? ( ,h5ry ,v4 is "h attribut$1 7 n requir$ to be utt]$ 9 8 pres5ce2 _! deadly en]gy exi/+ solely 9 ! words ( ! imprecation & ! malevol5ce ( ! recit]1 :i* 7 suppos$ to r5d] !m effectual at any di/ance4 ,aga91 ! alphabet 0 call$ ! ,*ri/-cross-r[2 ei!r because a cross 0 prefix$ to ! alphabet 9 ! old prim]s1 or1 m probably1 f a sup]/iti\s cu/om ( writ+ ! alphabet 9 ! =m ( a cross by way ( a *>m4 ,9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7i4 #a71 ,cl>5ce relates h[ ,k+ ,edw>d-- ,he>k5s aft] prophecies & dreams2 ,& f ! cross-r[ plucks ! lett] ,g4 ,dreams4 ,^!1 consid]$ z progno/ics ( good or evil1 are frequ5tly introduc$ by ,%akespe>e4 ,9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7v4 #c71 ,&roma*e exclaims3 ,my dreams w1 sure1 prove om9\s to ! day4 ,:ile ,romeo 7,romeo & ,juliet1 v4 #a7 decl>es3 ,my dreams presage "s joyful news at h&4 ,x is *iefly z precursors ( mis=tune t ! poet has avail$ himself ( _! suppos$ influ5ce z om5s ( future fate4 ,?us1 !re are few passages 9 8 dramas m t]rific ?an ! dreams ( ,ri*>d ,,iii4 & ,cl>5ce2 ! latt] especially1 z ,mr4 ,drake says1#idb is replete ) ! mo/ fe>ful imag]y1 & makes ! blood run *ill ) horror4 #idb ,%akespe>e & 8 ,times1 p4 #cee4 ,dream+ ( c]ta9 ?+s has g5]ally be5 suppos$ to be om9\s ei!r ( good or ill luck2#idc & at ! pres5t day ! cr$ul\s pay (t5times no small att5tion to _! dreams1 %\ld ^! happ5 to h ref]r$ to :at !y consid] unlucky ?+s4 ,9 ! same way ,%ylock1 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7ii4 #e71 is a victim to mu* sup]/iti\s dread3 ,jessica1 my girl1 ,look to my h\se4 ,i am "r loa? to g3 ,!re is "s ill a brew+ t[>ds my re/1 ,= ,i did dream ( money-bags to-night4 #idc ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 pp4 #abg-ada4 ,9 ,julius ,cs>1 dream+ ( banquet is suppos$ to presage mis=tune4 ,x 0 also suppos$ t malici\s spirits took advantage ( sleep to torm5t _! victims2#idd h5ce ,macbe? 7ii4 #a7 exclaims3 ,m]ciful p[]s1 ,re/ra9 9 me ! curs$ ?\ghts t nature ,gives way to 9 repose6#ide #idd ,see p4 #bhc4 #ide ,see ,malone's ,v>iorum ,%akespe>e1 #ahba1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ij4 ,duels4 ,! dea? ( ! vanqui%$ p]son 0 always consid]$ a c]ta9 evid5ce ( 8 guilt4 ,?us1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7ii4 #c71 ,k+ ,h5ry1 speak+ ( ! dea? ( ,horn] 9 ! duel ) ,pet]1 says3#idf ,g1 take h5ce t traitor f our sight2 ,=1 by 8 dea?1 we d p]ceive 8 guilt3 ,& ,god 9 ju/ice ha? reveal'd to u ,! tru? & innoc5ce ( ?is poor fell[1 ,:i* he _h ?\ght to h murd]'d wrongfully4-- ,come1 fell[1 foll[ u = ?y rew>d4 #idf ,see ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 vi4 p4 #afg4 ,we may also comp>e :at ,arcite says to ,palamon 9 ! ,two ,noble ,k9sm5 7iii4 #f73 ,if ,i fall1 curse me1 & say ,i 0 a c[>d2 ,= none b su* d>e die 9 ^! j trials4 ,among ! cu/oms connect$ ) duell+1 x appe>s t1 accord+ to an old law1 knights 7 to fight ) ! lance & ! sword1 z ^? ( inf]ior rank f\ght ) an ebon /aff or baton1 to ! f>!r end ( :i* 0 fix$ a bag cramm$ h>d ) s&4#idg ,?us ,%akespe>e1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7ii4 #c71 repres5ts ,horn] ent]+ be>+ 8 /aff ) a s&-bag fa/5$ to x4 ,butl]1 9 8 ,hudibras1 alludes to ?is cu/om3 ,engag'd ) money-bags1 z bold ,z m5 ) s&-bags did ( old4 #idg ,see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gfe4 ,/eev5s adds t a passage 9 ,/4 ,*ryso/om v cle>ly proves ! great antiquity ( ?is practice4 ,=tune-tell]s4 ,a common me?od ( =tune-tell]s1 9 pret5d+ to tell future ev5ts1 0 by means ( a b]yl or glass4 ,9 an extract f ! ,p5al ,laws aga9/ ,wit*es1 x is said1 !y d answ] ei!r by voice1 or else set be=e _! eyes1 9 glasses1 *ry/al /ones1 etc41 ! pictures or images ( ! p]sons or ?+s s\ght =4 ,x is to ?is k9d ( juggl+ prophecy t ,angelo1 9 ,measure = ,measure 7ii4 #b71 ref]s1 :5 he tells h[ ! law-- l a prophet1 ,looks 9 a glass1 t %[s :at future evils1 ,ei!r new1 or by remissness new-conceiv'd4 ,aga91 ,macbe? 7iv4 #a71 :5 a %[ ( eight k+s is pres5t$ to him1 exclaims1 aft] witness+ ! sev5?3 ,i'll see no m3-- ,& yet ! eigh? appe>s1 :o be>s a glass1 ,:i* %[s me _m m4 ,sp5s]#idh has giv5 a circum/antial acc\nt ( ! glass :i* ,m]l9 made = ,k+ ,ry5ce4 ,a mirror ( ! same k9d 0 pres5t$ to ,cambuscan1 9 ! ,squi]'s ,tale ( ,*auc]2 & we are also told h[ a c]ta9 philosoph] did ! l to ,pompey1 ! :i* %[$ him 9 a glass ! ord] ( 8 enemies' m>*4#idi ,br&1 9 8 ,popul> ,antiquities1#iej gives sev]al int]e/+ acc\nts ( ?is me?od ( =tune-tell+2 & quotes ! foll[+ f ,vallancey's ,collectanea de ,rebus ,hib]nicis3 ,9 ! ,highl&s ( ,scotl&1 a l>ge *ry/al1 ( a figure some:at oval1 0 kept by ! prie/s to "w *>ms by2 wat] p\r$ ^u x at ?is day is giv5 to cattle aga9/ diseases2 ^! /ones are n[ pres]v$ by ! olde/ & mo/ sup]/iti\s 9 ! c\ntry2 !y 7 once common 9 ,irel&4 #idh ,fairy ,que51 bk4 iii4 c4 #b2 see ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 ix4 p4 #hb4 #idi ,boi/eau's ,!atrum ,mundi1 translat$ by ,john ,alday 7#aegd74 #iej #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 pp4 #fj1 #fa4 ,fur!r allusions to =tune-tell]s occur 9 ,com$y ( ,errors 7v4 #a71 & ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7iv4 #b74 ,x appe>s1 too1 t ! trade ( =tune-tell+ 01 9 ,%akespe>e's day1 z n[1 ex]cis$ by ! w&]+ hordes ( gypsies4 ,9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7iv4 #ab71 ! ,roman compla9s t ,cleopatra ,l a "r gipsy1 ha?1 at fa/ & loose1 ,beguil'd me to ! v he>t ( loss4 ,giants4 ,! belief 9 giants & o!r mon/]s 0 mu* cr$it$ 9 old5 times1 &1 among ! leg5ds ( ne>ly e race or tribe1 few are m univ]sal ?an ^? relat+ to giants or m5 ( colossal size & sup]human p[]4#iea ,t su* /ories 7 curr5t 9 ,%akespe>e's day1 is atte/$ by ! fact t ! poet makes ,o!llo 7i4 #c71 9 8 eloqu5t def5ce be=e ! ,s5ate ( ,v5ice1 :5 expla9+ 8 me?od ( c\rt%ip1 allude to ! ,cannibals t ea* o!r eat1 ,! ,an?ropophagi1 & m5 ^: heads ,d gr[ b5ea? _! %\ld]s4 #iea ,see ,h>dwick's ,traditions1 ,sup]/itions1 & ,folk-,lore1 #ahgb1 pp4 #aig1 #bbd4 ,9 ,! ,tempe/ 7iii4 #c71 ,gonzalo relates h[-- ,:5 we 7 boys1 ,:o w\ld believe t !re 7 m\nta9e]s ,dew-lapp'd l bulls1 ^: ?roats _h hang+ at 'em ,wallets ( fle%8 or t !re 7 su* m51 ,^: heads /ood 9 _! brea/s8 ,& aft] ! appe>ance ( ,prosp]o's magic repa/1 ,seba/ian says3 ,n[ ,i w believe ,t !re are unicorns2 t 9 ,arabia ,!re is "o tree1 ! pho5ix' ?rone2 "o pho5ix ,at ?is h\r reign+ !re4 ,among ! num]\s ref]5ces to giants by ,%akespe>e1 we may quote ! foll[+4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7ii4 #c71 ,horn] says3 ,pet]1 h at !e ) a d[nright bl[ z ,bevis ( ,s\?ampton fell ^u ,ascap>t4#ieb #ieb ,! addition 9 brackets is reject$ by ! editors ( ! ,globe edition4 ,ascap>t1 accord+ to ! leg5d1 0 ful ?yrty fote longe1 & 0 conqu]$ by ,sir ,bevis ( ,s\?ampton4 ,9 ,cymbel9e 7iii #c71 ,bel>ius says3 ! gates ( mon>*s ,are ar*'d s high1 t giants may jet ?r\gh ,& keep _! impi\s turbans on1 )\t ,good morr[ to ! sun4 ,9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7ii4 #a71 ,mrs4 ,page says3 ,i _h r be a giantess1 & lie "u ,m\nt ,pelion4#iec #iec ,cf4 ,measure = ,measure1 ii4 #b1 iii4 #a2 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+1 v4 #a2 ,loves ,lab\r's ,lo/1 iii4 #a4 ,lucky ,days4 ,f ! mo/ remote p]iod c]ta9 days h be5 suppos$ to be j z lucky z o!rs are ! rev]se1 a notion :i* is n conf9$ to any "o c\ntry4 ,9 ,%akespe>e's day great att5tion 0 paid to ?is sup]/iti\s fancy1 :i* is probably allud$ to 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iii4 #c71 :]e ! ,%eph]d says to ! ,cl[n1 ',tis a lucky day1 boy2 & we'll d good de$s on't4 ,9 ,k+ ,john 7iii4 #a7 ,con/ance exclaims3 ,:at ha? ?is day des]v'd8 :at ha? x done1 ,t x 9 gold5 lett]s %\ld be set ,among ! high tides 9 ! cal5d>8 ,nay1 r turn ?is day out ( ! week1 ,?is day ( %ame1 oppression1 p]jury3 ,or1 if x mu/ /& /ill1 let wives ) *ild ,pray t _! bur!ns may n fall ?is day1 ,le/ t _! hopes prodigi\sly be cross'd3 ,b on ?is day let seam5 fe> no wreck2 ,no b>ga9s break t are n ?is day made3 ,?is day1 all ?+s begun come to ill end1 ,yea1 fai? itself to holl[ falsehood *ange6 ,aga91 ,macbe? 7iv4 #a7 says3 ,let ?is p]nici\s h\r ,/& aye accurs$ 9 ! cal5d>6 ,9 ! old almanacs ! days suppos$ to be favorable or unfavorable are enum]at$1 allusion to :i* occurs 9 ,web/]'s ,du*ess ( ,malfy1 #afbc3 ,by ! almanack1 ,i ?9k1 ,to *oose good days & %un ! critical4 ,at ! pres5t day ?is sup]/ition /ill reta9s its hold on ! popul> m9d1 & 9 ! transactions ( life ex]ts an important influ5ce4#ied #ied ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahgi1 vol4 i4 pp4 #dd-ea2 ,jones's ,cr$ulities ,pa/ & ,pres5t1 pp4 #dic-ejg2 ,hampson's ,o,evi ,m$ii ,kal5d>ium1 vol4 i4 p4 #baj2 see an article on ,day ,fatality 9 ,john ,aubrey's ,miscellanies4 ,magic4 ,! sy/em ( magic1 :i* holds su* a prom95t place 9 ,! ,tempe/1 0 =m]ly an article 9 ! popul> cre$1 & z su* is frequ5tly notic$ by ! writ]s ( ,%akespe>e's "t4 ,?us1 9 describ+ ,prosp]o1 ,%akespe>e has giv5 him sev]al ( ! adjuncts1 besides ! co/ume1 ( ! popul> magician1 mu* virtue be+ inh]5t 9 8 v g>m5ts4 ,s ,prosp]o1 :5 address+ 8 daught] 7i4 #b71 says3 ,l5d ?y h&1 ,& pluck my magic g>m5t f me4--,s2 ,lie !re1 my art4 ,a simil> importance is assign$ to 8 /aff1 = he tells ,f]d9& 7i4 #b73 ,i c "h dis>m !e ) ?is /ick1 ,& make ?y weapon drop4 ,& :5 he abjures ! practice ( magic1 "o ( ! requisites is to break 8 /aff1 & to 7v4 #a7 ,bury x c]ta9 fa?oms 9 ! e>?4 ,! m imm$iate in/rum5ts ( p[] 7 books1 by means ( :i* spells 7 usually p]=m$4 ,h5ce1 9 ! old romances1 ! sorc]] is always furni%$ ) a book1 by read+ c]ta9 p>ts ( :i* he is enabl$ to summon to 8 aid :at demons or spirits he has occasion to employ4 ,:5 he is depriv$ ( 8 book 8 p[] ceases4 ,malone quotes1 9 illu/ration ( ?is notion1 ,caliban's words 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7iii4 #b73 ,rememb]1 ,fir/ to possess 8 books2 = )\t !m ,he's b a sot1 z ,i am1 nor ha? n ,"o _s to comm&4 ,prosp]o1 too1 decl>es 7iii4 #a73 ,i'll to my book2 ,= yet1 ere supp] "t1 mu/ ,i p]=m ,mu* bus9ess app]ta9+4 ,& on 8 rel9qui%+ 8 art he says t3 ,deep] ?an did ev] plummet s\nd ,i'll dr[n my book4 ,^? :o practise nocturnal sorc]y are /yl$1 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7iv4 #b71 v5om\s wights4 ,m]l9's ,prophecies4 ,9 ,%akespe>e's day !re 0 an ext5sive belief 9 /range & absurd prophecies1 :i* 7 eag]ly caught up & repeat$ by "o p]son to ano!r4 ,?is =m ( sup]/ition is allud$ to 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #a71 :]e1 aft] ,ow5 ,gl5d[] has be5 descant+ on ! om5s & port5ts dire :i* h]ald$ 8 nativity1 & ,hotspur's unbeliev+ & taunt+ replies to ! *iefta9's ass]tions1 ! poet makes ,hotspur1 on ,mortim]'s say+1 ,fie1 c\s9 ,p]cy6 h[ y cross my fa!r6 ?us reply3 ,i _c *oose3 sometime he ang]s me1 ,) tell+ me ( ! moldw>p & ! ant1 ,( ! dream] ,m]l9 & 8 prophecies2 ,& ( a dragon & a f9less fi%4 ,9 ,k+ ,le> 7iii4 #b7 ! ,fool says ,i'll speak a prophecy ere ,i g3 ,:5 prie/s are m 9 ^w ?an matt]2 ,:5 brew]s m> _! malt ) wat]2 ,:5 nobles are _! tailors' tutors2 ,no h]etics burn'd1 b w5*es' suitors2 ,:5 e case 9 law is "r2 ,no squire 9 debt1 nor no poor knight2 ,:5 sl&]s d n live 9 tongues4 ,nor cutpurses come n to ?rongs2 ,:5 usur]s tell _! gold i' ! field2 ,& bawds & :ores d *ur*es build2-- ,!n %all ! realm ( ,albion ,come to great confusion3 ,!n comes ! "t1 :o lives to see't1 ,t go+ %all be u'd ) feet4 ,?is prophecy ,m]l9 %all make2 = ,i live be=e 8 "t4 ,?is witty satire 0 probably aga9/ ! prophecies attribut$ to ,m]l91 :i* 7 !n preval5t among ! p4#iee #iee ,see ,kelly's ,notices ,illu/rative ( ! ,drama & ,o!r ,amusem5ts at ,leice/]1 #ahfe1 pp4 #aaf1 #aah4 ,=m]ly1 too1 prophecies ( app>5t impossibilities 7 common 9 ,scotl&2 su* z ! removal ( "o place to ano!r4 ,s 9 ,macbe? 7iv4 #a71 ! app>ition says3 ,macbe? %all nev] vanqui%'d be1 until ,great ,birnam wood to high ,duns9ane hill ,%all come aga9/ him4 ,port5ts & ,prodigies4 ,9 ye>s gone ! belief 9 sup]natural occurr5ces 0 a common article ( fai?2 & our ance/ors made use ( e opportunity to prove ! tru? ( ?is sup]/iti\s belief4 ,! mo/ usual monitions ( ?is k9d 71 lam5t+s he>d 9 ! air2 %ak+s & trembl+s ( ! e>?2 sudd5 gloom at noon-day2 ! appe>ance ( meteors2 ! %oot+ ( />s2 eclipses ( ! sun & moon2 ! moon ( a bloody hue2 ! %riek+ ( owls2 ! croak+ ( rav5s2 ! %rill+ ( crickets2 night-h[l+s ( dogs2 ! dea?-wat*2 ! *att]+ ( pies2 wild neigh+ ( horses2 blood dropp+ f ! nose2 w9d+-%eets2 /range & fe>ful noises1 etc41 _m ( :i* ,%akespe>e has us$1 introduc+ !m z ! precursors ( murd]1 sudd5 dea?1 disa/]s1 & sup]human ev5ts4#ief ,?us 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7ii4 #d71 ! foll[+ prodigies are select$ z ! =]unn]s ( ! dea? or fall ( k+s3 ',tis ?\ght1 ! k+ is dead3 we w n /ay4 ,! bay-trees 9 our c\ntry are all )]'d1 ,& meteors fright ! fix$ />s ( heav52 ,! pale-fac'd moon looks bloody on ! e>?1 ,& lean-look'd prophets :isp] fe>ful *ange2 ,ri* m5 look sad1 & ruffians dance & leap1 ,! "o 9 fe> to lose :at !y enjoy1 ,! o!r to enjoy by rage & w>3 ,^! signs =]un ! dea? or fall ( k+s4 #ief ,drake's ,%akespe>e & 8 ,times1 p4 #ceb4 ,previ\s to ! assass9ation ( ,julius ,cs>1 we are told1 9 ,hamlet 7i4 #a71 h[3 ,9 ! mo/ high & palmy /ate ( ,rome1 ,a little ere ! mightie/ ,julius fell1 ,! graves /ood t5antless1 & ! %eet$ dead ,did squeak & gibb] 9 ! ,roman /reets2 ,z />s ) tra9s ( fire & dews ( blood1 ,disa/]s 9 ! sun2 & ! moi/ />1 ,^u ^: influ5ce ,neptune's empire /&s1 ,0 sick almo/ to doomsday ) eclipse4 ,m appall+ /ill are ! circum/ances :i* prec$$ & accompani$ ! murd] ( ,duncan 7,macbe?1 ii4 #c74 ,we may also comp>e ! om5s :i* m>k$ ! bir?s ( ,ow5 ,gl5d[] & ,ri*>d ,,iii4 ,inde$1 ! suppos$ sympa?y ( ! elem5ts ) human joy or sorr[ or suff]+ is evid5tly a v anci5t sup]/ition2 & ?is presum$ s5sitiv5ess1 n only ( ! elem5ts1 b ( animat$ nature1 to ! p]petration ( de$s ( d>kness & blood by p]v]t$ nature1 has 9 all ages be5 ext5sively believ$4 ,x is aga9 beautifully illu/rat$ 9 ! l9es :]e ,%akespe>e makes ,l5ox1 on ! morn+ foll[+ ! murd] ( ,duncan by 8 ho/ 7,macbe?1 ii4 #c71 give ! foll[+ n>rative3 ,! night has be5 unruly2 :]e we lay1 ,our *imneys 7 bl[n d[n2 &1 z !y say1 ,lam5t+s he>d i' ! air2 /range screams ( dea?2 ,& prophesy+ ) acc5ts t]rible ,( dire combu/ion1 & confus'd ev5ts1 ,new hat*'d to ! woeful "t3 ! obscure bird ,clam\r'd ! livelong night3 "s say1 ! e>? ,0 fev]\s & did %ake4 ,?is idea is fur!r illu/rat$ 9 ! dialogue :i* foll[s1 betwe5 ,ross & an old man3 ,old ,man4 ,?reescore & t5 ,i c rememb] well3 ,)9 ! volume ( :i* "t ,i h se5 ,h\rs dreadful1 & ?+s /range3 b ?is sore night ,ha? trifl$ =m] kn[+s4 ,ross4 ,ah1 good fa!r1 ,?\ see/1 ! heav5s1 z tr\bl$ ) man's act1 ,?reat5 8 bloody /age3 by ! clock1 'tis day1 ,& yet d>k night /rangles ! travell+ lamp3 ,is't night's pr$om9ance1 or ! day's %ame1 ,t d>kness does ! face ( e>? entomb1 ,:5 liv+ light %\ld kiss x8 ,sup]natural ,au?ority ( ,k+s4 ,! belief 9 ! sup]natural au?ority ( mon>*s is b a remnant ( ! long-suppos$ div9e "r ( k+s to gov]n1 :i* result$ f a conviction t !y c\ld trace _! p$igrees back to ! deities !mselves4#ieg ,?us ,%akespe>e ev5 puts into ! m\? ( ! murd]] & usurp] ,claudius1 ,k+ ( ,d5m>k1 ! foll[+ s5t5ce3 ,let him g1 ,g]trude3 d n fe> our p]son3 ,!re's su* div9ity do? h$ge a k+1 ,t treason c b peep to :at x w\ld1 ,acts little ( 8 w4 #ieg ,traditions1 ,sup]/itions1 & ,folk-,lore1 p4 #ha4 ,?is notion is by no means conf9$ to ei!r civiliz$ or semi-civiliz$ nations4 ,x is1 says ,mr4 ,h>dwick1 a univ]sal feel+ among savage tribes4 ,! ignorant s]f ( ,russia believ$1 &1 inde$1 yet believes1 t if ! deity 7 to die ! emp]or w\ld succe$ to 8 p[] & au?ority4 ,sympa!tic ,indications4 ,accord+ to a v old tradition ! w\nds ( a murd]$ p]son 7 suppos$ to ble$ afre% at ! approa* or t\* ( ! murd]]4 ,?is effect1 ?\gh impossible1 rem>ks ,n>es1#ieh except x 7 by miracle1 0 firmly believ$1 & almo/ univ]sally1 = a v long p]iod4 ,poets1 !re=e1 7 fully ju/ifi$ 9 _! use ( x4 ,?us ,%akespe>e1 9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7i4 #b7 makes ,lady ,anne1 speak+ ( ,ri*>d1 ,duke ( ,glo/]1 say3 ,o1 g5tlem51 see1 see6 dead ,h5ry's w\nds ,op5 _! congeal'd m\?s1 & ble$ afre%6-- ,blu%1 blu%1 ?\ lump ( f\l de=mity2 ,= 'tis ?y pres5ce t exhales ?is blood ,f cold & empty ve9s1 :]e no blood dwells2 ,?y de$1 inhuman & unnatural1 ,provokes ?is deluge mo/ unnatural4 #ieh ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #igd4 ,/[ alludes to ?is circum/ance 9 8 ,annals 7p4 #dbd74 ,he says ! k+'s body 0 br\ght to ,/4 ,paul's 9 an op5 c(f91 b>efac$1 :]e he bl$2 !nce he 0 c>ri$ to ! ,blackfri>s1 & !re bl$4 ,mat!w ,p>is also /ates t aft] ,h5ry ,,ii4's dea? 8 son ,ri*>d came to view ! body--,quo sup]v5i5te1 confe/im erupit sanguis ex n>ibus regis mortui2 ac si indign>etur spiritus 9 adv5tue ejus1 qui ejusdem mortis causa esse cr$ebatur1 ut vid]etur sanguis clam>e ad ,deum4#iei ,9 ! ,a!nian ,oracle 7i4 #ajf71 ?is suppos$ ph5om5on is ?us acc\nt$ =3 ,! blood is congeal$ 9 ! body = two or ?ree days1 & !n becomes liquid aga91 9 its t5d5cy to corruption4 ,! air be+ heat$ by _m p]sons com+ ab\t ! body1 is ! same ?+ to x z motion is4 ',tis obs]v$ t dead bodies w ble$ 9 a conc\rse ( p1 :5 murd]]s are abs5t1 z well z pres5t1 yet legislators h ?\ght fit to au?orize x1 & use ?is trial z an argum5t1 at lea/ to fright51 ?\gh 'tis no conclusive "o to condemn !m4 ,among o!r allusions to ?is sup]/ition may be m5tion$ "o by ,k+ ,james 9 8 ,dmonology1 :]e we read3 ,9 a secret murd]1 if ! dead c>kasse be at any "t !reaft] h&l$ by ! murd]]1 x w gu% out ( blood1 z if ! blood 7 cry+ to heav5 = rev5ge ( ! murd]]4 ,x is spok5 ( also 9 a note to *apt] v4 ( ! ,fair ,maid ( ,p]?1 t ?is ble$+ ( a corpse 0 urg$ z an evid5ce ( guilt 9 ! ,high ,c\rt ( ,ju/ici>y at ,ed9burgh z late z ! ye> #affh4 ,an int]e/+ survival ( ?is curi\s notion exi/s 9 ,durham1 :]e1 says ,mr4 ,h5d]son1#ifj t\*+ ( ! corpse by ^? :o come to look at x is /ill expect$ by ! poor on ! "p ( ^? :o come to _! h\se :ile a dead body is ly+ 9 x1 9 tok5 t !y wi%$ no ill to ! dep>t$1 & 7 9 peace & amity ) him4 #iei ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 pp4 #bbi-bca4 #ifj ,folk-,lore ( ,nor!rn ,c\nties1 #ahdi1 p4 #eg4 ,we may also comp>e ! foll[+ passage1 :]e ,macbe? 7iii4 #d71 speak+ ( ! ,gho/1 says3 ,x w h blood2 !y say1 blood w h blood3 ,/ones h be5 kn[n to move1 & trees to speak2 ,augurs & und]/ood relations h ,by magot-pies & *\ghs & rooks br\ght =? ,! secret'/ man ( blood4 ,%akespe>e p]haps alludes to "s /ory 9 :i* ! /ones cov]+ ! corpse ( a murd]$ man 7 said to h mov$ ( !mselves1 & s reveal$ ! secret4 ,! idea ( trees speak+ probably ref]s to ! /ory ( ! tree :i* reveal$ to neas ! murd] ( ,polydorus 7,v]g41 neid1 iii4 #bb1 #eii74 ,inde$1 9 days gone by1 ?is sup]/ition 0 c>ri$ to su* an ext5t t we are told1 9 ,d',israeli's ,curiosities ( ,lit]ature1 by ! side ( ! bi]1 if ! slighte/ *ange 0 obs]vable 9 ! eyes1 ! m\?1 feet1 or h&s ( ! corpse1 ! murd]] 0 conjectur$ to be pres5t1 & _m an innoc5t spectator mu/ h suff]$ dea?4 ,?is practice =ms a ri* picture 9 ! imag9ation ( our old writ]s2 & _! hi/ories & ballads are labor$ into pa?os by dwell+ on ?is ph5om5on4 ,,*apt] ,,xxiii4 ,,miscellane\s ,,cu/oms1 ,,etc4 ,badge ( ,pov]ty4 ,9 ! reign ( ,william ,,iii41 ^? :o receiv$ p>i% relief _h to we> a badge4 ,x 0 ! lett] ,p1 ) ! initial ( ! p>i% to :i* !y belong$1 9 r$ or blue clo?1 on ! %\ld] ( ! "r sleeve4 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7v4 #a7 ,clif=d says3 ,might ,i b "k !e by ?y h\sehold badge4 ,b$fell[4 ,a pro( ( ! simplicity ( mann]s 9 old5 times is evid5c$ by ! fact t x 0 cu/om>y = m51 ev5 ( ! highe/ rank1 to sleep toge!r4 ,9 ,h5ry ,v4 7ii4 #b7 ,exet] says3 ,nay1 b ! man t 0 8 b$fell[1 ,:om he ha? dull'd & cloy'd ) graci\s fav\rs4 ,?is unseemly cu/om1 says ,malone1 cont9u$ common till ! middle ( ! la/ c5tury1 if n lat]4 ,beaumont & ,flet*]1 9 ! ,coxcomb 7i4 #a71 ?us ref] to x3 ,mu/ we1 t h s long "t be5 z "o1 ,se5 cities1 c\ntries1 k+doms1 & _! wond]s1 ,be5 b$fell[s1 & 9 our v>i\s j\rney ,mixt all our obs]vations4 ,9 ! same way1 lett]s f noblem5 to ea* o!r (t5 began ) ! appellation b$fell[4#ifa #ifa ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #fh4 ,curfew ,bell1 :i* is g5]ally suppos$ to be ( ,norman orig91 is /ill rung 9 "s ( our old c\ntry villages1 al?\gh x has long lo/ its significance4 ,x seems to h be5 z important to gho/s z to liv+ m51 x be+ _! signal = walk+1 a lic5se :i* app>5tly la/$ till ! fir/ cock4 ,fairies1 too1 & o!r spirits1 7 "u ! same regulations2 & h5ce ,prosp]o1 9 ,! ,tempe/ 7v4 #a71 says ( 8 elves t !y rejoice ,to he> ! solemn curfew4 ,9 ,k+ ,le> 7iii4 #d7 we f9d ! fi5d ,flibb]tigibbet obey+ ! same rule1 = ,edg> says3 ,?is is ! f\l fi5d ,flibb]tigibbet2 he beg9s at curfew1 & walks till ! fir/ cock4 ,9 ,measure = ,measure 7iv4 #b7 we f9d ano!r allusion3 ,duke4 ,! be/ & :olesom'/ spirits ( ! night ,envelope y1 good provo/6 ,:o call'd "h ( late8 ,provo/4 ,none1 s9ce ! curfew rung4 ,&1 once m1 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iv4 #d71 ,capulet says3 ,come1 /ir1 /ir1 /ir6 ! second cock ha? cr['d1 ,! curfew bell ha? rung1 'tis ?ree o'clock4#ifb #ifb ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 iii4 pp4 #bbj-bbe2 also1 ,h>l& & ,wilk9son's ,lanca%ire ,folk-,lore1 #ahfg1 p4 #dd4 ,sacr+ ,bell4 ,?is 0 a bell :i* rang = processions & o!r holy c]emonies4#ifc ,x is m5tion$ 9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7iii4 #b71 by ! ,e>l ( ,surrey3 ,i'll />tle y ,worse ?an ! sacr+ bell4 #ifc ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #cgi4 ,x is rung 9 ! ,romi% ,*ur* to give notice t ! ,ho/ is approa*+1 & is n[ call$ ,sanctus bell1 f ! words ,sanctus1 ,sanctus1 ,sanctus ,dom9us ,deus ,sabao?1 pron\nc$ by ! prie/4 ,on ! graphic passage :]e ,macbe? 7ii4 #a7 says3 ,! bell invites me4 ,he> x n1 ,duncan2 = x is a knell ,t summons !e to heav5 or to hell-- ,malone has ?is note3 ,?us ,raleigh1 speak+ ( love1 9 ,engl&'s ',helicon' 7#afjj73 ',x is p]haps t saunc+ bell ,t t\les all into heav5 or hell4' ,saunc+ be+ probably a mi/ake = sacr+ or sa9t's bell1 orig9ally1 p]haps1 writt5 sa9tis bell4 ,9 ,hudibras we f9d3 ,! old sa9tis bell t r+s all 94 ,c>pet-knights4 ,^! 7 knights dubb$ at c\rt by m]e favor1 & n on ! field ( battle1 = _! milit>y exploits4 ,9 ,twelf? ,night 7iii4 #d71 ,sir ,toby def9es "o ( !m ?us3 ,he is knight1 dubb$ ) unhat*$ rapi]1 & on c>pet consid]ation4 ,a tr5*] knight 0 probably synonym\s1 z 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b73 ,"s mumble-news1 "s tr5*]-knight1 "s ,dick4 ,^! c>pet-knights 7 sometimes call$ knights ( ! gre5 clo?4#ifd #ifd ,see ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 pp4 #fe1 #ff4 ,*air ,days4 ,days ( old age & infirmity4 ,s1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7v4 #b71 "y ,clif=d1 on see+ 8 dead fa!r1 says3 ,wa/ ?\ orda9'd1 de> fa!r1 ,to lose ?y y\? 9 peace1 & to a*ieve ,! silv] liv]y ( advis$ age1 ,&1 9 ?y rev]5ce1 & ?y *air-days1 ?us ,to die 9 ruffian battle8 ,*ivalry4 ,! expression sworn bro!rs1 :i* ,%akespe>e sev]al times employs1 ref]s to ! fratres jurati1 :o1 9 ! days ( *ivalry1 mutually b\nd !mselves by oa? to %>e ea* o!r's =tune4 ,?us1 ,fal/aff says ( ,%all[1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #b73 ,he talks z famili>ly ( ,john o' ,gaunt z if he _h be5 sworn bro!r to him4 ,9 ,h5ry ,v4 7ii4 #a71 ,b>dolph says3 we'll be all ?ree sworn bro!rs to ,france4 ,9 c\rse ( "t x 0 us$ 9 a lax] s5se1 to d5ote intimacy1 z 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7i4 #a71 :]e ,beatrice says ( ,b5$ick1 t ,he ha? e mon? a new sworn bro!r4#ife #ife ,we may comp>e1 too1 :at ,coriolanus says 7ii4 #c73 ,i w1 sir1 flatt] my sworn bro!r1 ! p4 ,accord+ to ! laws ( *ivalry1 a p]son ( sup]ior bir? might n be *all5g$ by an inf]ior2 or1 if *all5g$1 might refuse combat1 a ref]5ce to :i* seems to be made by ,cleopatra 7,antony & ,cleopatra1 ii4 #d73 ,i w n hurt him4-- ,^! h&s d lack nobility1 t !y /rike ,a mean] ?an myself4 ,aga91 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7v4 #d71 ! same practice is allud$ to by ,hector1 :o asks ,!rsites3 ,:at art ?\1 ,greek8 art ?\ = ,hector's mat*8 ,art ?\ ( blood & hon\r8 ,s+] quotes f ,melville's ,memoirs 7#agce1 p4 #afe73 ,! ,laird ( ,grange (f]$ to fight ,bo?well1 :o answ]$ t he 0 n 8 equal4 ,! l answ] made he to ,tullib>d9e4 ,!n my ,"l ,l9dsay (f]$ to fight him1 :i* he c\ld n well refuse2 b 8 he>t fail$ him1 & he grew cold on ! bus9ess4 ,clubs4 ,accord+ to ,malone1 x 0 once a common cu/om1 on ! break+-out ( a fray1 to call out ,clubs1 clubs6 to "p ! combatants4 ,?us1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,vi4 7i4 #c71 ! ,mayor decl>es3 ,i'll call = clubs1 if y w n away4 ,9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7ii4 #a71 ,a>on says3 ,clubs1 clubs6 ^! lov]s w n keep ! peace4 ,clubs1 too1 0 orig9ally ! popul> cry to call =? ! ,london appr5tices1 :o employ$ _! clubs = ! pres]vation ( ! public peace4 ,sometimes1 h[ev]1 !y us$ ^? weapons to raise a di/urbance1 z !y are describ$ do+ 9 ! foll[+ passage 9 ',h5ry ,,viii4' 7v4 #d73 ',i miss'd ! meteor once1 & hit t woman2 :o cri$ out ',clubs6' :5 ,i might see f f> "s =ty trun*eon]s draw to h] succ\r1 :i* 7 ! hope o' ! ,/r&1 :]e %e 0 qu>t]$4'#iff #iff ,cf4 ,romeo & ,juliet1 i4 #a2 ,z ,y ,l ,x1 v4 #b4 ,color-,lore4 ,gre5 eyes h be5 prais$ by poets ( ne>ly e l&1#ifg &1 accord+ to ,armado1 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7i4 #b71 ,gre51 inde$1 is ! col\r ( lov]s4 #ifg ,see ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 viii4 p4 #bjd4 ,9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7v4 #a71 ,?isbe lam5ts3 ,lov]s1 make moan3 ,8 eyes 7 gre5 z leeks4 ,! ,nurse1 9 h] description ( ,romeo's rival 7,romeo & ,juliet1 iii4 #e71 says3 ,an eagle1 madam1 ,ha? n s gre51 s quick1 s fair an eye ,z ,p>is ha?4 ,9 ! ,two ,noble ,k9sm5 7v4 #a71 ,emilia1 pray+ to ,diana1 says3 ,o v\*safe1 ,) t ?y r>e gre5 eye--:i* nev] yet ,beheld ?+ maculate--look on ?y virg94 ,! words ( ,armado h be5 v>i\sly expla9$ z allud+ to gre5 eyes--,spani% writ]s be+ peculi>ly en?usia/ic 9 ?is praise--to ! will[ worn by unsuccessful lov]s1 & to _! melan*oly4#ifh ,x has also be5 sugge/$#ifi t1 z gre5 is ! color mo/ sugge/ive ( fre%ness & spr+-"t1 x may h be5 consid]$ ! mo/ appropriate lov]'s badge4 ,at ! same "t1 h[ev]1 x is curi\s t1 z gre5 has be5 reg>d$ z an om9\s color1 x %\ld be connect$ ) lov]s1 =1 z an old c\plet rem>ks3 ,^? dress$ 9 blue ,h lov]s true2 ,9 gre5 & :ite1 ,=sak5 q4#igj #ifh ,see ,d\ce's ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e1 p4 #acc4 #ifi ,see an article by ,mr4 ,black1 9 ,antiqu>y1 #ahha1 vol4 iii4 #igj ,see ,h5d]son's ,folk-,lore ( ! ,nor!rn ,c\nties1 pp4 #cd1 #ce4 ,9 ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7iii4 #b71 gre5-ey$ jeal\sy1 & 9 ,o!llo 7iii4 #c71 its equival5t1 gre5-ey$ mon/]1 are expressions us$ by ,%akespe>e4 ,yell[ is an epi!t (t51 too1 appli$ to jeal\sy1 by ! old writ]s4 ,9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7i4 #c71 ,nym says he w possess ,=d ) yell[ness4 ,9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7ii4 #a7 ,beatrice describes ! ,c\nt z civil z an orange1 & some?+ ( t jeal\s complexion4 ,9 ,twelf? ,night 7ii4 #d71 ,viola tells ! ,duke h[ h] fa!r's daught] lov$ a man1 b nev] told h] love3 ,%e p9'd 9 ?\ght1 ,& ) a gre5 & yell[ melan*oly ,%e sat l pati5ce on a monum5t4 ,d9n] ,cu/oms4 ,9 days gone by !re 0 b "o salt-cell> on ! table1 :i* 0 a l>ge piece ( plate1 g5]ally mu* ornam5t$4 ,! tables be+ long1 ! salt 0 commonly plac$ ab\t ! middle1 & s]v$ z a k9d ( b\nd>y to ! diff]5t quality ( ! gue/s invit$4 ,^? ( di/9ction 7 rank$ above2 ! space bel[ be+ assign$ to ! dep5dants1 inf]ior relations ( ! ma/] ( ! h\se1 etc4#iga ,%akespe>e w\ld seem to allude to ?is cu/om 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7i4 #b71 :]e ,leontes says3 l[] messes1 ,p]*ance1 are to ?is bus9ess purbl9d8 #iga ,gif=d's note on ,mass+]'s ,works1 #ahac1 vol4 i4 p4 #agj2 see ,dyce's ,gloss>y to ,%akespe>e1 pp4 #bfi1 #chj4 ,^u :i* passage ,/eev5s adds1 ,leontes compreh5ds inf]iority ( und]/&+ 9 ! idea ( inf]iority ( rank4 ,b5 ,jonson1 speak+ ( ! *>act]i/ics ( an insol5t coxcomb1 rem>ks3 ,8 fa%ion is n to take k ( him t is b5ea? him 9 clo!s4 ,he nev] dr9ks bel[ ! salt4 ,ord9>y4 ,?is 0 a public d9n]1 :]e ea* paid 8 %>e1 an allusion to :i* cu/om is made by ,enob>bus1 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7ii4 #b71 :o1 speak+ ( ,antony1 says3 ,be+ b>b]'d t5 times o'er1 goes to ! fea/1 ,&1 = 8 ord9>y1 pays 8 he>t ,= :at 8 eyes eat only4 ,aga91 9 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well 7ii4 #c71 ,lafeu says3 ,i did ?9k !e1 = two ord9>ies1 to be a pretty wise fell[2 ?\ did/ make tol]able v5t ( ?y travel4 ,! ord9>y also d5ot$ ! l\ng+-place ( ! m5 ( ! t[n1 & ! fanta/ic gallants :o h]d$ toge!r4 ,!y 71 says ! au?or ( ,curiosities ( ,lit]ature 7vol4 iii4 p4 #hb71 ! ex*ange = news1 ! e*o+-places = all sorts ( t[n talk2 !re !y might he> ( ! la/ new play & poem1 & ! la/ fre% wid[ sigh+ = "s knight to make h] a lady2 ^! resorts 7 att5d$ also to save *>ges ( h\sekeep+4 ,dr9k+ ,cu/oms4 ,%akespe>e has giv5 sev]al allusions to ! old cu/oms associat$ ) dr9k+1 :i* h always v>i$ 9 diff]5t c\ntries4 ,at ! pres5t day _m ( ! dr9k+ cu/oms /ill obs]v$ are v curi\s1 especially ^? kept up at ! univ]sities & inns-(-c\rt4 ,alms-dr9k 0 a phrase 9 use1 says ,w>burton1 among good fell[s1 to signify t liquor ( ano!r's %>e :i* 8 companion drank to ease him4 ,s1 9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7ii4 #g7 "o ( ! s]vants says ( ,lepidus3 ,!y h made him dr9k alms-dr9k4 ,by-dr9k+s4 ,?is 0 a phrase = dr9k+s betwe5 meals1 & is us$ by ! ,ho/ess 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #c71 :o says to ,fal/aff3 ,y owe money "h besides1 ,sir ,john1 = y\r diet1 & by-dr9k+s4 ,hoop$ ,pots4 ,9 old5 times dr9k+-pots 7 made ) hoops1 s t1 :5 two or m drank f ! same tank>d1 no "o %\ld dr9k m ?an 8 %>e4 ,!re 7 g5]ally ?ree hoops to ! pots3 h5ce1 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iv4 #b71 ,cade says3 ,! ?ree-hoop$ pot %all h t5 hoops4 ,9 ,na%'s ,pi]ce ,p5nilesse we read3 ,i believe hoopes on qu>t pots 7 inv5t$ t e man %\ld take 8 hoope1 & no m4 ,! phrases to d a man "r & to d him reason 71 9 ye>s gone by1 ! common expressions 9 pl$g+ heal?s2 he :o drank a bump] expect$ t a bump] %\ld be drunk to 8 toa/4 ,to ?is practice alludes ! scrap ( a song :i* ,sil5ce s+s 9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7v4 #c73 ,d me "r1 ,& dub me knight3 ,sam+o4 ,he :o drank1 too1 a bump] on 8 knee to ! heal? ( 8 mi/ress 0 dubb$ a knight = ! ev5+4 ,! ^w ,sam+o is ei!r a corruption (1 or an int5d$ blund] =1 ,san ,dom+o1 b :y ?is sa9t %\ld be ! patron ( top]s is unc]ta94 ,r\se4 ,accord+ to ,gif=d1#igb a r\se 0 a l>ge glass 9 :i* a heal? 0 giv51 ! dr9k+ ( :i*1 by ! re/ ( ! company1 =m$ a c>\se4 ,hamlet 7i4 #d7 says3 ,! k+ do? wake to-night1 & takes 8 r\se4 #igb ,see ,dyce1 vol4 iv4 p4 #cie4 ,! ^w occurs aga9 9 ! foll[+ act 7#a71 :]e ,polonius uses ! phrase o'ertook 9's r\se2 & 9 ! s5se ( a bump]1 or glass ( liquor1 9 ,o!llo 7ii4 #c71 !y h giv5 me a r\se already4 ,%e] ,ale4 ,?is t]m1 :i* is us$ 9 ! ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7,induction1 sc4 #b71 by ,sly--,ask ,m>ian ,hacket1 ! fat ale-wife ( ,w9cot1 if %e "k me n3 if %e say ,i am n f\rte5 p5ce on ! score = %e] ale--accord+ to "s expositors1 means ale alone1 no?+ b ale1 r ?an unmix$ ale4 ,sneak-cup4 ,?is phrase1 :i* is us$ by ,fal/aff 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7iii4 #c7--! pr9ce is a ,jack1 a sneak-cup--0 us$ to d5ote "o :o balk$ 8 glass4 ,e>ne/ ,money4 ,x 01 9 old5 times1 cu/om>y to ratify an agreem5t by a b5t co94 ,9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7ii4 #c71 ! old lady rem>ks3 ,tis /range3 a ?ree-p5ce b['d w\ld hire me1 ,old z ,i am1 to que5 x4 ,!re 71 h[ev]1 no ?reep5ces s e>ly z ! reign ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 ,exclamations4 ,*>ity1 = ! ,"l's sake6 0 ! =m ( ejaculatory supplication us$ by imprison$ debtors to ! pass]s-by4 ,s1 9 ,davies's ,epigrams 7#afaa73 ,good1 g5tle writ]s1 '= ! ,"l's sake1 = ! ,"l's sake1' ,l ,ludgate prison]1 lo1 ,i1 begg+1 make ,my mone4 ,9 ,measure = ,measure 7iv4 #c71 ! phrase is allud$ to by ,pompey3 all great do]s 9 our trade1 & are n[ '= ! ,"l's sake4' ,cry ,budget4 ,a wat*word4 ,?us ,sl5d] says to ,%all[1 9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7v4 #b72 ,we h a nay-^w1 h[ to "k "o ano!r3 ,i come to h] 9 :ite1 & cry 'mum2' %e cries 'budget2' & by t we "k "o ano!r4 ,god save ! m>k4 ,romeo & ,juliet 7iii4 #b74 ,?is exclamation has hi!rto baffl$ ! rese>* ( e comm5tator4 ,x occurs aga9 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7i4 #c72 & 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7ii4 #b7 & 9 ,o!llo 7i4 #a71 we h ,god bless ! m>k4 ,9 ! qu>to1 #aeig1 in/ead ( ,god save ! m>k 9 ! fir/ passage quot$1 we h ,god save ! sample1 an expression equally obscure4#igc #igc ,/aunton's ,%akespe>e1 vol i4 p4 #beg4 ,halidom4 ,?is exclamation 0 us$1 says ,m9%eu1#igd by old c\ntrym51 by mann] ( swe>+4 ,9 ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7iv4 #b71 ! ,ho/ess says3 ,by my halidom1 ,i 0 fa/ asleep2 ! probable d]ivation be+ holy1 ) ! t]m9ation dome4 #igd ,guide into ,tongues1 #afjg4 ,hall6 ,hall6 ,an exclamation =m]ly us$1 to make a cle> space 9 a cr[d1 = any p>ticul> purpose1 0 ,a hall1 a hall4 ,s1 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #e71 ,capulet says3 ,come1 musicians1 play4-- ,a hall1 a hall6 give room6 & foot x1 girls4 ,hay4 ,?is is equival5t to y h x1 an exclamation 9 f5c+1 :5 a ?ru/ or hit is receiv$ by ! antagoni/4 ,9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7ii4 #d71 ,m]cutio speaks ( ! punto rev]so6 ! hay6 ,hold4 ,to cry hold6 :5 p]sons 7 fight+1 0 an au?oritative way ( sep>at+ !m1 accord+ to ! old milit>y law4 ,s ,macbe?1 9 8 /ruggle ) ,macduff1 says3 ,& damn'd be he t fir/ cries1 ',hold1 en\gh6' ,we may comp>e ,lady ,macbe?'s words 7i4 #e73 ,nor heav5 peep ?r\gh ! blanket ( ! d>k1 ,to cry1 ',hold1 hold6' ,i' ! "n ( me4 ,a vulg> exclamation =m]ly 9 use4 ,s 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #b7 x is us$ by ! ,cl[n4 ,o ho1 ,o ho6 ,?is savage exclamation 01 says ,/eev5s1 con/antly appropriat$ by ! writ]s ( our anci5t my/]ies & moralities to ! devil4 ,9 ,! ,tempe/ 7i4 #b71 ,caliban1 :5 rebuk$ by ,prosp]o = seek+ to violate ! honor ( my *ild1 replies3 ,o ho1 ,o ho6 w\ld x _h be5 done6 ,?\ did/ prev5t me2 ,i _h peopl$ else ,?is isle ) ,calibans4 ,pu%4 ,an exclamation equival5t to pi%4#ige ,x is us$ by ,leonato 9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7v4 #a73 ,& made a pu% at *ance & suff]ance2 & aga91 9 ,timon ( ,a!ns 7iii4 #f71 :]e "o ( ! lords says3 ,pu%6 did y see my cap8 #ige ,see ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #cdc4 ,rivo 0 an exclamation (t5 us$ 9 ,bac*analian revels1 b its orig9 is unc]ta94 ,x occurs 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d73 ',rivo6' says ! drunk>d4 ,gif=d sugge/s t x is corrupt$1 p]haps1 f ! ,spani% rio1 :i* is figuratively us$ = a l>ge quantity ( liquor1 a d]ivation1 h[ev]1 :i* ,mr4 ,dyce does n ?9k probable4 ,sneck-up4 ,?is 0 an exclamation ( contempt1 equival5t to g & hang y\rself4#igf ,x is us$ by ,sir ,toby 9 ,twelf? ,night 7ii4 #c71 9 reply to ,malvolio's rebuke3 ,we did keep "t1 sir1 9 our cat*es4 ,sneck up6 #igf ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #djb4 ,s-ho4 ,?is is ! cry ( sportsm5 :5 ! h>e is f\nd 9 h] seat4 ,spy4 ,i spy is ! usual exclamation at a well-kn[n *ildi% game call$ ,hie spy1 hie6#igg #igg ,ibid41 vol4 vi4 p4 #de4 ,tailor4 ,johnson expla9s ! foll[+ words ( ,puck 9 ,a ,midsumm]-,night's ,dream 7ii4 #a7 ?us3 ,! wise/ aunt1 tell+ ! sadde/ tale1 ,sometime = ?ree-foot /ool mi/ake? me2 ,!n slip ,i f h] bum1 d[n topples %e1 ,& 'tailor' cries1 & falls into a c\gh4 ,! cu/om ( cry+ tailor at a sudd5 fall backw>ds1 ,i ?9k ,i rememb] to h obs]v$4 ,he t slips beside 8 *air1 falls z a tailor squats ^u 8 bo>d4 ,mr4 ,dyce1#igh h[ev]1 adds1 x may be d\bt$ if ?is expla9s ! text4 #igh ,ibid41 p4 #dc4 ,tilly-vally4 ,an exclamation ( contempt1 ! etymology ( :i* is unc]ta94 ,accord+ to ,d\ce x is a hunt+ phrase borr[$ f ! ,fr5*4 ,s+] says x is equival5t to fiddle-faddle4 ,x occurs 9 ,twelf? ,night 7ii4 #c71 be+ us$ by ,sir ,toby3 ,am n ,i consangu9e\s8 am ,i n ( h] blood8 ,tilly-vally1 lady6 ,9 #b ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d71 ! ,ho/ess corrupts x to tilly-fally3 ,tilly-fally1 ,sir ,john1 ne'er tell me3 y\r anci5t swagg]] comes n 9 my doors4 ,z a fur!r illu/ration ( ! use ( ?is ^w1 ,s+] quotes a conv]sation betwe5 ,sir ,?omas ,m & 8 wife1 giv5 9 ,rop]'s ,life3 ,is n ?is h\se1 quo? he1 z nigh heav5 z my own8 ,to :om %e1 aft] h] accu/om$ homely fa%ion1 n lik+ su* talk1 answ]$1 ,tylle-valle1 ,tylle-valle4 ,we/w>d1 ho4 ,?is 0 "o ( ! exclamations ( ! wat]m5 :o pli$ on ! ,?ames1 & is us$ by ,viola 9 ,twelf? ,night 7iii4 #a74 ,dyce#igi quotes f ,peel's ,edw>d ,i4 to illu/rate ! use ( ?is ^w3 ,que5 ,el9or4 ,ay1 good woman1 conduct me to ! c\rt1 ,t !re ,i may bewail my s9ful life1 ,& call to ,god to save my wret*$ s\l4 ,a cry ( ',we/w>d1 ho6' ,woman1 :at noise is ?is ,i he>8 ,pott]'s ,wife4 ,an l y\r grace1 x is ! wat]m5 t call = pass5g]s to g we/w>d n[4 #igi ,gloss>y1 p4 #dig2 see ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ieb4 ,dekk] took ! exclamation ,we/w>d1 ho6 = ! title ( a com$y2 & ,jonson1 ,*apman1 & ,m>/on adopt$ t ( ,ea/w>d1 ho6 = "o jo9tly writt5 by !m a few ye>s aft]w>ds4 ,fools4 ,mr4 ,d\ce1 9 8 essay ,on ! ,cl[ns & ,fools ( ,%akespe>e1 has made a n9efold division ( ,engli% fools1 accord+ to quality or place ( employm5t1 z ! dome/ic fool1 ! city or corporation fool1 ! tav]n fool1 ! fool ( ! my/]ies & moralities4 ,! la/ is g5]ally call$ ! vice1 & is ! orig9al ( ! /age cl[ns s common among ! dramati/s ( ! "t ( ,elizabe?1 & :o embody s mu* ( ! wit ( ,%akespe>e4 ,a v palpable di/9ction is t :i* di/+ui%es betwe5 su* creatures z 7 *os5 to excite to laught] f "s de=mity ( m9d or body1 & su* z 7 *os5 = a c]ta9 al]tness ( m9d & p[] ( rep>tee--or1 briefly1 butts & wits4 ,! dress ( ! regul> c\rt fool ( ! middle ages 0 n altoge!r a rigid uni=m1 b seems to h *ang$ f "t to "t4 ,! head 0 %av$1 ! coat 0 motley1 & ! bree*es tight1 )1 g5]ally1 "o leg diff]5t 9 color f ! o!r4 ,! head 0 cov]$ ) a g>m5t resembl+ a monk's c[l1 :i* fell ov] ! brea/ & %\ld]s1 & (t5 bore asses' e>s1 & 0 cre/$ ) a coxcomb1 :ile bells hung f v>i\s p>ts ( ! attire4 ,! fool's bauble 0 a %ort /aff be>+ a ridicul\s head1 to :i* 0 sometimes atta*$ an inflat$ bladd]1 by :i* %am ca/igations 7 inflict$2 a long petticoat 0 also occasionally worn1 b seems to h belong$ r to ! idiots ?an ! wits4 ,! fool's bus9ess 0 to amuse 8 ma/]1 to excite 8 laught] by %>p contra/1 to prev5t ! ov]-oppression ( /ate affairs1 &1 9 h>mony ) a well-kn[n physiological precept1 by 8 livel9ess at meals to assi/ 8 "l's dige/ion4#ihj #ihj ,encyclopdia ,britannica1 #ahgi1 vol4 ix4 p4 #cff2 see ,doran's ,hi/ory ( ,c\rt ,fools1 #aheh4 ,! cu/om ( %av+ & nick+ ! head ( a fool is v old4 ,!re is a p5alty ( t5 %ill+s1 9 "o ( ,alfr$'s ,ecclesia/ical ,laws1 if "o opprobri\sly %ave a common man l a fool2 & ,malone cites a passage f ,! ,*oice ( ,*ange1 etc41 by ,s4 ,r4 ,g5t1 #dto1 #aeih--,?ree ?+s us$ by monks1 :i* provoke o!r m5 to laugh at _! follies3 #a4 ,!y are %av5 & not*$ on ! head l fooles4 ,9 ! ,com$y ( ,errors 7v4 #a71 ! s]vant says3 ,my ma/] prea*es pati5ce to him1 & ! :ile ,8 man ) scissors nicks him l a fool4 ,=feits4 ,9 ord] to en=ce "s k9d ( regul>ity 9 b>b]s' %ops1 :i* 7 once places ( great resort = ! idle1 c]ta9 laws 7 usually made1 ! break+ ( :i* 0 to be puni%$ by =feits4 ,rules ( ?is k9d1 h[ev]1 7 z (t5 laugh$ at z obey$4 ,s1 9 ,measure = ,measure 7v4 #a73 laws = all faults1 ,b faults s c\nt5anc'd1 t ! /rong /atutes ,/& l ! =feits 9 a b>b]'s %op1 ,z mu* 9 mock z m>k4 ,gambl+4 ,x 0 once cu/om>y = a p]son :5 go+ abroad to put out a sum ( money on condition ( receiv+ good int]e/ = x on 8 return home2 if he nev] return$ ! deposit 0 =feit$4 ,h5ce su* a "o 0 call$ a putt]-out4 ,x is to ?is practice t ref]5ce is made 9 ! foll[+ passage 7,! ,tempe/1 iii4 #c73 or t !re 7 su* m5 ,^: heads /ood 9 _! brea/s8 :i* n[ we f9d ,ea* putt]-out ( five = "o w br+ u ,good w>rant (4 ,malone quotes f ,moryson's ,it9]>y 7#afag1 pt4 i4 p4 #aih73 ,?is cu/om ( giv+ out money ^u ^! adv5tures 0 fir/ us$ 9 c\rt & noblem52 a practice :i* bank]-outs1 /age-play]s1 & m5 ( base condition _h drawn into contempt1 by und]tak+ j\rneys m]ely = ga9 ^u _! return4 ,9 ,b5 ,jonson's ,e ,man ,out ( ,8 ,hum\r 7ii4 #c7 ! cu/om is ?us allud$ to3 ,i d int5d1 ?is ye> ( jubilee com+ on1 to travel2 & because ,i w n altoge!r g ^u exp5ce1 ,i am det]m9$ to put =? "s five ?\s& p\nd1 to be paid me five = "o1 ^u ! return ( my wife1 myself1 & my dog1 f ! ,turk's c\rt at ,con/ant9ople4 ,if all1 or ei!r ( u1 misc>ry 9 ! j\rney1 'tis gone2 if we be successful1 :y !n !re w be five & tw5ty ?\s& p\nd to ent]ta9 "t )4 ,g>t]s4 ,x 0 ! regul> amor\s etiquette 9 ! reign ( ,elizabe?1#iha = a man1 pr(ess+ himself deeply 9 love1 to assume c]ta9 outw>d m>ks ( neglig5ce 9 8 dress1 z if too mu* occupi$ by 8 passion to att5d to su* trifles1 or driv5 by despond5cy to a =getfulness ( all outw>d appe>ance4 ,8 g>t]s1 9 p>ticul>1 7 n to be ti$ up4 ,9 ,z ,y ,l ,x 7iii4 #b71 ?is cu/om is describ$ by ,rosal9d1 :o tells ,orl&o3 ,!re is none ( my uncle's m>ks ^u y3 he taught me h[ to "k a man 9 love2 444 y\r hose %\ld be ung>t]'d1 y\r bonnet unb&$1 y\r sleeve unbutton$1 y\r %oe unti$1 & e ?+ ab\t y demon/rat+ a c>eless desolation4 ,ano!r fa%ion :i* seems to h be5 common among ! beaux ( ,que5 ,elizabe?'s reign1 0 t ( we>+ g>t]s across ab\t ! knees1 an allusion to :i* we f9d 9 ,twelf? ,night 7ii4 #e71 9 ! lett] :i* ,malvolio reads3 ,rememb] :o comm5d$ ?y yell[ /ock+s1 & wi%$ to see !e ev] cross-g>t]$4 ,d\ce quotes f ! old com$y ( ,! ,two ,angrie ,wom5 ( ,ab+don 7#aeii71 :]e a s]v+man is ?us describ$3 ,hee's a f9e neate fell[1 ,a spruce slave1 ,i w>rant ye1 he'ele h ,8 cruell g>t]s crosse ab\t ! knee4 #iha ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #cej4 ,9 days gone by1 :5 g>t]s 7 worn 9 sight1 ! upp] classes wore v exp5sive ones1 b ! l[] ord]s wor/$ galloon ones4 ,pr9ce ,h5ry calls ,po9s 7#a ,h5ry ,,iv41 ii4 #d7 a caddis g>t]1 mean+ a man ( mean rank4 ,gaudy ,days4 ,fea/-days 9 ! colleges ( our univ]sities are s call$1 z !y 7 =m]ly at ! inns-(-c\rt4 ,9 ,antony & ,cleopatra 7iii4 #ac71 ,antony says3 come1 ,let's h "o o!r gaudy night3 call to me ,all my sad capta9s2 fill our b[ls once m2 ,let's mock ! midnight bell4 ,!y 7 s call$1 says ,bl\nt1 f gaudium1 because1 to say tru?1 !y are days ( joy1 z br++ good *e] to ! hungry /ud5ts4 ,glove4 ,z an article ( dress ! glove held a conspicu\s place 9 _m ( our old cu/oms & c]emonies4 ,?us1 x 0 (t5 worn 9 ! hat z a favor1 & z a m>k to be *all5g$ by an enemy1 z is illu/rat$ by ! foll[+ dialogue 9 ,h5ry ,v4 7iv4 #a73 ,k+ ,h5ry4 ,give me any gage ( ?9e1 & ,i w we> x 9 my bonnet3 !n1 if ev] ?\ d>e/ ackn[l$ge x1 ,i w make x my qu>rel4 ,williams4 ,"h's my glove3 give me ano!r ( ?9e4 ,k+ ,h5ry4 ,!re4 ,williams4 ,?is w ,i also we> 9 my cap3 if ev] ?\ come to me & say1 aft] to-morr[1 ',?is is my glove1' by ?is h&1 ,i w take !e a box on ! e>4 ,k+ ,h5ry4 ,if ev] ,i live to see x1 ,i w *all5ge x4 ,williams4 ,?\ d>e/ z well be hang$4 ,aga91 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7v4 #b71 ,diom$es1 tak+ ! glove f ,cressida1 says3 ,to-morr[ w ,i we> x on my helm1 ,& grieve 8 _s t d>es n *all5ge x4 ,& 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7v4 #c71 ,p]cy n>rates h[ ,pr9ce ,h5ry boa/$ t-- he w\ld unto ! /ews1 ,& f ! common'/ creature pluck a glove1 ,& we> x z a fav\r2 & ) t ,he w\ld unhorse ! lu/ie/ *all5g]4 ,! glove 0 also worn 9 ! hat z ! memorial ( a fri5d1 & 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7iv4 #a71 ,portia1 9 h] assum$ "*1 asks ,bassanio = 8 gloves1 :i* %e says %e w we> = 8 sake3 ,give me y\r gloves1 ,i'll we> !m = y\r sake4 ,:5 ! fa%ion ( ?us we>+ gloves decl9$1 x fell into ! h&s ( coxcombical & dissolute s]vants4#ihb ,?us ,edg>1 9 ,k+ ,le> 7iii4 #d71 be+ ask$ by ,le> :at he _h be51 replies3 ,a s]v+-man1 pr\d 9 he>t & m9d2 t curl$ my hair2 wore gloves 9 my cap4 #ihb ,n>es's ,gloss>y1 vol4 i4 p4 #cga4 ,to ?r[ ! glove1 z ! signal ( a *all5ge1 is allud$ to by ,troilus 7iv4 #d71 :o tells ,cressida3 ,= ,i w ?r[ my glove to ,dea? himself1 ,t's !re's no maculation 9 ?y he>t --! mean+ be+1 says ,johnson3 ,i w *all5ge ,dea? himself 9 def5ce ( ?y fidelity4 ,! glove !n ?r[n d[n 0 popul>ly call$ a gage1#ihc f ! ,fr5*1 signify+ a pl$ge1 & 9 ,ri*>d ,,ii4 7iv4 #a71 x is s t]m$ by ,aum]le3 ,!re is my gage1 ! manual seal ( dea?1 ,t m>ks !e out = hell4 #ihc ,! v]b to gage1 or to pl$ge1 occurs 9 ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice1 i4 #a3 b my *ief c>e ,is1 to come fairly (f f ! great debts ,:]e9 my "t1 some?+ too prodigal1 ,ha? left me gag$4 ,cf4 #a ,h5ry ,,iv41 i4 #c4 ,9 ! same play x is also call$ honor's pawn4 ,?us ,bol+broke 7i4 #a7 says to ,m[bray3 ,pale trembl+ c[>d1 !re ,i ?r[ my gage1 ,disclaim+ "h ! k9dr$ ( ! k+2 ,& lay aside my high blood's royalty1 ,:i* fe>1 n rev]5ce1 makes !e to except4 ,if guilty dread ha? left !e s mu* /r5g? ,z to take up m9e hon\r's pawn1 !n /oop4 ,& fur!r on 7iv4 #a71 "o ( ! lords employs ! same phrase3 ,!re is my hon\r's pawn2 ,engage x to ! trial1 if ?\ d>'/4 ,x is difficult to discov] :y ! glove 0 recogniz$ z ! sign ( defiance4 ,br&#ihd sugge/s t ! cu/om ( dropp+ or s5d+ ! glove1 z ! signal ( a *all5ge1 may h be5 d]iv$ f ! circum/ance ( its be+ ! cov] ( ! h&1 & !re=e put = ! h& itself4 ,! giv+ ( ! h& is well kn[n to intimate t ! p]son :o does s w n deceive1 b /& to 8 agreem5t4 ,to %ake h&s ^u x w\ld n be v delicate 9 an agreem5t to fight1 &1 !re=e1 gloves may possibly h be5 deput$ z sub/itutes4 #ihd ,pop4 ,antiq41 vol4 ii4 p4 #abg4 ,aga91 ! glove 0 (t5 ?r[n d[n z a pl$ge1 z 9 ,timon ( ,a!ns 7v4 #d71 :]e ! s5ator says to ,alcibiades3 ,?r[ ?y glove1 ,or any tok5 ( ?9e hon\r else1 ,t ?\ wilt use ! w>s z ?y r$ress1 ,& n z our confusion4 ,:]eupon ,alcibiades answ]s3 ,!n !re's my glove4 ,9 ,k+ ,le> 7v4 #b71 ,albany ?us speaks3 ,?\ art arm'd1 ,glo/]3--let ! trumpet s\nd3 ,if none appe> to prove1 ^u ?y p]son1 ,?y he9\s1 manife/1 & _m treasons1 ,!re is my pl$ge2 ,?r[+ d[n a glove ,i'll prove x on ?y he>t4 ,9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7iv4 #e71 ,hector fur!r alludes to ?is practice3 ,y\r quondam wife swe>s /ill by ,v5us' glove3 ,%e's well1 b bade me n comm5d h] to y4 ,sc5t$ gloves 7 =m]ly giv5 away z pres5ts4 ,9 ,w9t]'s ,tale ! cu/om is ref]r$ to by ,mopsa1 :o says to ! ,cl[n 7iv4 #d73 ,come1 y promis$ me a tawdry lace1 & a pair ( sweet gloves2 & ,autolycus is introduc$ s++3 ,gloves z sweet z damask roses4 ,9 ,mu* ,ado ,ab\t ,no?+ 7iii4 #d71 ,h]o says3 ,^! gloves ! c\nt s5t me2 !y are an excell5t p]fume4 ,tr9ity ,college1 ,ox=d1 n ungrateful to its f\nd] & 8 sp\se1 has _m entries1 aft] ! date ( #aeef1 9 ! ,burs>'s books1 pro fumigatis *iro!cis1 = p]fum$ gloves4 ,kiss4 ,9 ye>s pa/1 a kiss 0 ! recogniz$ fee ( a lady's p>tn]1 & z su* is notic$ 9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7i4 #d73 ,i 7 unmann]ly to take y out1 ,& n to kiss y4 ,9 ,! ,tempe/ 7i4 #b7 x is allud$ to 9 ,ariel's song3 ,come unto ^! yell[ s&s1 ,& !n take h&s3 ,c\rt'si$ :5 y h1 & kiss'd1 ,! wild waves :i/1 ,foot x featly "h & !re1 ,&1 sweet sprites1 ! bur!n be>4 ,!re is probably a veil$ allusion to ! same c]emony 9 ,w9t]'s ,tale 7iv4 #d71 :]e1 at ! dance ( %eph]ds & %eph]desses1 ! foll[+ dialogue occurs3 ,cl[n4 ,come on1 /rike up6 ,dorcas4 ,mopsa mu/ be y\r mi/ress3 m>ry1 g>lic1 ,to m5d h] kiss+ )4 ,mopsa4 ,n[1 9 good "t6 ,cl[n4 ,n a ^w1 a ^w2 we /& ^u our mann]s4 ,come1 /rike up6 ,9 an old treatise entitl$ ! ,use & ,abuse ( ,danc+ & ,m9/relsie we read3 ,b "s reply1 :at fools w daunce1 ,if t :5 daunce is doon1 ,he may n h at ladyes lips1 ,t :i* 9 daunce he doon4 ,! practice ( salut+ ladies ) a kiss 0 once v g5]al1 & 9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor to kiss ! ho/ess is indirectly spok5 ( z a common c\rtesy ( ! day4 ,9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #e7 a fur!r in/ance occurs1 :]e ,romeo kisses ,juliet at ,capulet's ent]ta9m5t2 &1 9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7i4 #d71 ,"l ,s&s is repres5t$ z kiss+ ,anne ,bull51 next to :om he sits at supp]4 ,! celebrat$ kiss+ comfits 7 sug>-plums1 once ext5sively us$ by fa%ionable p]sons to make ! brea? sweet4 ,fal/aff1 9 ! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor 7v4 #e71 :5 embrac+ ,mrs4 ,=d1 says3 ,let x ?und] to ! tune ( ',gre5 ,sleeves1' hail kiss+ comfits1 & sn[ er+oes4 ,9 ,measure = ,measure 7iv4 #a1 song7 kisses are ref]r$ to z seals ( love4 ,a ,judas kiss 0 a kiss ( trea*]y4 ,?us1 9 #c ,h5ry ,,vi4 7v4 #g71 ,glo/] says3 s ,judas kiss'd 8 ma/]1 ,& cri$ ',all hail6' :5-z he meant all h>m4 ,lace ,songs4 ,^! 7 j+l+ rhymes1 sung by "y girls :ile engag$ at _! lace-pill[s4 ,a practice allud$ to by ! ,duke 9 ,twelf? ,night 7ii4 #d73 ,o1 fell[1 come1 ! song we _h la/ night4-- ,m>k x1 ,ces>io2 x is old & pla92 ,! sp9/]s & ! knitt]s 9 ! sun1 ,& ! free maids t weave _! ?read ) bones ,d use to *ant x4 ,miss ,bak]1 9 h] ,nor?ampton%ire ,gloss>y 7#ahed1 vol4 i4 p4 #cgh74 says1 ,! movem5t ( ! bobb9s is tim$ by ! modulation ( ! tune1 :i* excites !m to regul>ity & *e]fulness2 & x is a pleas+ sight to see !m1 9 w>m1 sunny wea!r1 seat$ outside _! cottage doors1 or seek+ ! %ade ( a neighbor+ tree2 :]e1 9 *e]ful gr\ps1 !y unite 9 s++ _! rude & simple rhymes4 ,! foll[+ is a specim5 ( "o ( ^! ditties1 mo/ descriptive ( ! occupation3 ',n9ete5 long l9es1 br+ ov] my d[n1 ,! fa/] ,i "w x1 ,i'll %ort5 my score1 ,b if ,i d play1 x'll /ick to a /ay1 ,s heigh ho6 little f+]s1 & twank x away4' ,lett]s4 ,! ^w ,emmanuel 0 =m]ly prefix$1 probably f feel+s ( piety1 to lett]s & public de$s4 ,s 9 #b ,h5ry ,,vi4 7iv4 #b7 !re is ! foll[+ allusion to x3 ,cade4 ,:at is ?y "n8 ,cl]k4 ,emmanuel4 ,dick4 ,!y use to write x on ! top ( lett]s4 ,/aunton says3 ,we c ref] to "o ,,ms4 alone1 9 ! ,briti% ,museum 7,ad4 ,,mss4 #ai1 #djj71 :i* conta9s no less ?an f\rte5 private epi/les head$ ',emanewell1' or ',jesus ,immanuel4' ,ano!r sup]scription ( a lett] 9 ye>s gone by 0 to ! bosom ( a lady4 ,?us ,hamlet 7ii4 #b7 says 9 8 lett] to ,ophelia3 ,9 h] excell5t :ite bosom1 ^!4 ,& 9 ! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona 7iii4 #a71 ,proteus says3 ,?y lett]s may be "h1 ?\gh ?\ art h5ce2 ,:i*1 be+ writ to me1 %all be deliv]'d ,ev5 9 ! milk-:ite bosom ( ?y love4 ,?is cu/om seems to h orig9at$ 9 ! circum/ance ( wom5 hav+ a pocket 9 ! =ep>t ( _! /ays1 9 :i*1 accord+ to ,/eev5s1 !y c>ri$ n only love-lett]s & love-tok5s1 b ev5 _! money & mat]ials = ne$lework4 ,liv]y4 ,! phrase sue my liv]y1 :i* occurs 9 ! foll[+ spee* ( ,bol+broke 7,ri*>d ,,ii4 ii4 #c71 ,i am d5i$ to sue my liv]y "h1 ,& yet my lett]s-pat5ts give me leave2 ,my fa!r's goods are all di/ra9'd1 & sold1 ,& ^!1 & all1 are all amiss employ'd1 is ?us expla9$ by ,malone3 ,on ! dea? ( e p]son :o held by knight's s]vice1 ! es*eator ( ! c\rt 9 :i* he di$ summon$ a jury1 :o inquir$ :at e/ate he di$ seiz$ (1 & ( :at age 8 next heir 04 ,if he 0 "u age1 he became a w>d ( ! k+'s2 b if he 0 f\nd to be ( full age1 he !n _h a "r to sue out a writ ( ou/] le ma91 t is1 8 liv]y1 t ! k+'s h& might be tak5 (f1 & ! l& deliv]$ to him4 ,york 7,ri*>d ,,ii41 ii4 #a7 also says3 ,if y d wrongfully seize ,h]e=d's rights1 ,call 9 ! lett]s-pat5ts t he ha? ,by 8 attorneys-g5]al to sue ,8 liv]y4 ,love-,day4 ,?is d5ot$ a day ( amity or reconciliation2 an expression :i* is us$ by ,saturn9us 9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7i4 #a73 ,y are my gue/1 ,lav9ia1 & y\r fri5ds4-- ,?is day %all be a love-day1 ,tamora4 ,,milit>y ,,lore4 ,fle%m5t4 ,?is is a milit>y t]m2 a "y soldi] be+ said to fle% 8 sword ! fir/ "t he draws blood ) x4 ,9 ,k+ ,le> 7ii4 #b71 ,oswald relates h[ ,k5t 9 ! fle%m5t ( ?is dread exploit1 ,drew on me "h aga91 ^u :i* passage ,s+] 7vol4 ix4 p4 #cgg7 has ?is note3 ,fle%m5t1 !re=e1 is "h metaphorically appli$ to ! fir/ act :i* ,k5t1 9 8 new capacity1 _h p]=m$ = 8 ma/]2 &1 at ! same "t1 9 a s>ca/ic s5se1 z ?\gh he _h e/eem$ x an h]oic exploit to trip a man beh9d1 :o 0 actually fall+4 ,! phrase occurs aga9 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7v4 #d71 :]e ,pr9ce ,h5ry tells 8 bro!r3 ,come1 bro!r ,john1 full bravely ha/ ?\ fle%'d ,?y maid5 sword4 ,swe>+ by ! ,sword4 ,accord+ to ,n>es1#ihe ! s+ul> mixture ( religi\s & milit>y fanaticism :i* arose f ! ,crusades gave rise to ! cu/om ( tak+ a solemn oa? ^u a sword4 ,9 a pla91 un5ri*$ sword1 ! sep>ation betwe5 ! blade & ! hilt 0 usually a /raight transv]se b>1 :i*1 sugge/+ ! idea ( a cross1 add$ to ! devotion :i* e true knight felt = 8 favorite weapon1 & evid5tly l$ to ?is practice4 ,hamlet makes ,horatio swe> t he w nev] divulge hav+ se5 ! ,gho/ 7i4 #e73 ,nev] to speak ( ?is t y h se51 ,swe> by my sword4 #ihe ,gloss>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #heh2 see ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #dca4 ,9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7ii4 #c71 ,leonato says3 ,swe> by ?is sword ,?\ wilt p]=m my bidd+4 ,! cross ( ! sword is also m5tion$ to illu/rate ! true be>+ ( ! oa?4 ,h5ce1 9 #a ,h5ry ,,iv4 7ii4 #d71 ,fal/aff says je/+ly ( ,gl5d[]1 t he swore ! devil 8 true liegeman ^u ! cross ( a ,wel% hook4#ihf ,on acc\nt ( ! practice ( swe>+ by a sword1 or1 r1 by ! cross or upp] end ( x1 ! "n ( ,jesus 0 sometimes inscrib$ on ! h&le or "s o!r "p4 #ihf ,a ,wel% hook 0 a sort ( bill1 hook$ at ! end1 & ) a long h&le4 ,see ,dyce's ,gloss>y1 p4 #dig2 & ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 ix4 p4 #afh4 ,m9+ ,t]ms4 ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,colli]1 ! phrase truep5ny is a m9+ t]m curr5t 9 ! nor? ( ,engl&1 signify+ a p>ticul> indication 9 ! soil1 ( ! direction 9 :i* ore is to be f\nd4 ,?us ,hamlet 7i4 #e7 says ,ah1 ha1 boy6 say'/ ?\ s8 art ?\ !re1 truep5ny8 :5 mak+ ,horatio & ,m>cellus aga9 swe> t !y w n divulge hav+ se5 ! gho/4 ,patrons4 ,! cu/om ( cl]gym5 pray+ = _! patrons1 9 :at is call$ ! bidd+ pray]1 seems allud$ to by ,k5t 9 ,k+ ,le> 7i4 #a73 ,royal ,le>1 ,:om ,i h ev] hon\r'd z my k+1 ,lov'd z my fa!r1 z my ma/] foll['d1 ,z my great patron ?\ght on 9 my pray]s4 ,sagitt>y4 ,?is 0 a mon/]1 half man1 half bea/1 describ$ z a t]rible ar*]2 neigh+ l a horse1 & ) its eyes ( fire /rik+ m5 dead z if ) lightn+4 ,9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7v4 #e71 ,agamemnon says3 ,! dreadful ,sagitt>y ,appals our numb]s4 ,h5ce any deadly %ot 0 call$ a sagitt>y4 ,9 ,o!llo 7i4 ,i7 ! b>rack is s nam$ f ! figure ( an ar*] ov] ! door4 ,salad ,days4 ,days ( gre5 y\? & inexp]i5ce4 ,cleopatra says 7i4 #e73 ,my salad days1 ,:5 ,i 0 gre5 9 judgm5t3--cold 9 blood4 ,salt4 ,! salt ( y\? is t vigor & /rong passion :i* !n pr$om9ates4 ,! t]m is sev]al times us$ by ,%akespe>e = /rong amor\s passion4 ,iago1 9 ,o!llo 7iii4 #c71 ref]s to x z hot z monkeys1 z salt z wolves 9 pride4 ,9 ,measure = ,measure 7v4 ,i71 ! ,duke calls ,angelo's base passion 8 salt imag9ation1 because he suppos$ 8 victim to be ,isabella1 & n 8 betro!d wife1 :om he 0 =c$ by ! ,duke to m>ry4#ihg #ihg ,brew]'s ,diction>y ( ,phrase & ,fable1 p4 #ghb4 ,salutations4 ,god-d5 0 us$ by our =efa!rs z soon z noon 0 pa/1 aft] :i* "t good-morr[ or good-day 0 e/eem$ improp]2 ! phrase ,god ye good d5 be+ a contraction ( ,god give y a good ev5+4 ,?is fully appe>s f ! foll[+ passage 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7ii4 #d73 ,nurse4 ,god ye good morr[1 g5tlem54 ,m]cutio4 ,god ye good d51 fair g5tlewoman4 ,^u be+ ?us correct$1 ! ,nurse asks1 ,is x good d58 to :i* ,m]cutio replies1 ',tis no less1 ,i tell y1 = ! bawdy h& ( ! dial is n[ ^u ! prick ( noon4 ,a fur!r corruption ( ! same phrase 0 ,god dig-y-d51 z us$ by ,co/>d 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7iv4 #a73 ,god dig-y-d5 all6 ,%akespe>e uses x sev]al times1 z 9 ,titus ,&ronicus 7iv4 #d71 :]e ! ,cl[n says3 ,god & ,sa9t ,/eph5 give y good d52 & 9 ,k+ ,john 7i4 #a7 we h ,good-d51 ,sir ,ri*>d6 ,ano!r old popul> salutation 0 good ev5 & tw5ty 7,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor1 ii4 #a71 equival5t to tw5ty good-ev5+s4 ,mr4 ,halliwell-,phillipps quotes a simil> phrase f ,elliot's ,fruits ( ! ,fr5* 7#aeic71 ,god night1 & a ?\s& to ev]ybody4 ,we may also comp>e ! phrase good de$ 9 ,w9t]'s ,tale 7i4 #b7--;a species ( assev]ation1 z 9 v de$4 ,s]vants ,cu/oms4 ,! old cu/om ( ! s]vants ( great families tak+ an oa? ( fidelity on _! entrance into (fice--z is /ill ! case ) ^? ( ! sov]eign--is allud$ to by ,po/humus 9 ,cymbel9e 7ii4 #d71 :]e1 speak+ ( ,imog5's s]vants1 he says3 ,h] att5dants are ,all sworn & hon\rable4#ihh #ihh ,see ,p]cy's ,nor?umb]l& ,h\sehold ,book1 p4 #di4 ,gold *a9s 7 =m]ly worn by p]sons ( rank & dignity1 & by ri* m]*ants--a fa%ion :i* desc5d$ to upp] s]vants 9 great h\ses--& by /ew>ds z badges ( (fice4 ,^! *a9s 7 usually clean$ by be+ rubb$ ) crumbs4 ,h5ce1 9 ,twelf? ,night 7ii4 #c71 ,sir ,toby says to ! ,cl[n3 ,g1 sir1 rub y\r *a9 ) crumbs4 ,9 days gone by1 too1 x 0 cu/om>y = ! s]vants ( ! nobility1 p>ticul>ly ! g5tleman-u%]1 to att5d b>e-head$4 ,9 ! procession to ! trial 9 ,h5ry ,,viii4 7ii4 #d71 "o ( ! p]sons enum]at$ is a g5tleman-u%] b>e-head$4 ,on gr& occasions1 coa*m51 also1 drove b>e-head$1 a practice allud$ to 9 ,beaumont & ,flet*]'s ,woman-,hat] 7iii4 #b73 ,or a pleat$ lock1 or a b>ehead$ coa*man1 ,?is sits l a sign :]e great ladies are ,to be sold )94 ,%]iffs' ,po/4 ,at ! doors ( %]iffs 7 usually set up ornam5tal po/s1 on :i* royal & civic proclamations 7 fix$4 ,s1 9 ,twelf? ,night 7i4 #e71 ,malvolio says3 ,he'll /& at y\r door l a %]iff's po/4 ,a pair ( mayors' po/s1 says ,/aunton1 are /ill /&+ 9 ,norwi*1 :i*1 f ! initials ,t4 ,p41 & ! date #aei1 are conjectur$ to h belong$ to ,?omas ,pettys1 :o 0 mayor ( t city 9 #aeib4 ,%oe+-,horn4 ,?is1 f its conv5i5t use 9 draw+ on a tight %oe1 0 appli$ 9 a jocul> metaphor to o!r subs]vi5t & tractable assi/ants4 ,?us ,!rsites1 9 ,troilus & ,cressida 7v4 #a71 9 8 rail+ mood gives ?is "n to ,m5elaus1 :om he calls a ?rifty %oe+-horn 9 a *a91 hang+ at 8 bro!r's ,agamemnon leg4 ,x 0 also employ$ z a contemptu\s "n = dangl]s on "y wom54 ,9 ! same way %oe-tye became a *>act]i/ic "n = a travell]1 a t]m us$ by ,%akespe>e 9 ,measure = ,measure 7iv4 #c71 ,ma/] ,=?right ! tilt]1 & brave ,ma/] ,%oe-tie1 ! great travell]4 ,a ,solemn ,supp]4 ,9 ,%akespe>e's day ?is 0 a phrase = a fea/ or banquet giv5 on any important occasion1 su* z a bir?1 m>riage1 etc4 ,macbe? says 7iii4 #a73 ,to-night we hold a solemn supp]1 sir1 ,& ,i'll reque/ y\r pres5ce4 ,h[el1 9 a lett] to ,sir ,t4 ,hawke1 #afcf1 says3 ,i 0 invit$ ye/]night to a solemne supp] by ,b4 ,j4 ,b5 ,jonson1 :]e y 7 deeply rememb]$4 ,s1 9 ,romeo & ,juliet 7i4 #e71 ,tybalt says3 ,:at6 d>es ! slave ,come hi!r1 cov]'d ) an antic face1 ,to fle] & scorn at our solemnity8 ,& 9 ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well 7ii4 #c71 ! ,k+1 on ! conclusion ( ! contract betwe5 ,hel5a & ,b]tram1 says3 ,! solemn fea/ ,%all m att5d ^u ! com+ space1 ,expect+ abs5t fri5ds4 ,/atute ,caps4 ,^! 7 wooll5 caps en=c$ by ,/atute #ac ,elizabe?1 :i*1 says ,/rype1 9 8 ,annals 7vol4 ii4 p4 #gd71 0 = cont9uance ( mak+ & we>+ wooll5 caps 9 behalf ( ! trade ( capp]s2 provid+ t all above ! age ( six ye>s 7except+ ! nobility & "s o!rs7 %\ld on ,sabba?-days & holy-days we> caps ( wool1 knit ?ick$1 & dre/ 9 ,engl&1 ^u p5alty ( t5 groats4 ,?us1 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/ 7v4 #b71 ,rosal9e says3 ,well1 bett] wits h worn pla9 /atute-caps4 ,jonson consid]$ t ! /atute caps allud$ to 7 ^? worn by ! memb]s ( ! univ]sities4 ,!atrical ,lore4 ,at ! conclusion ( a play1 or ( ! epilogue1 x 0 =m]ly cu/om>y = ! actors to kneel d[n on ! /age1 & pray = ! sov]eign1 nobility1 cl]gy1 & sometimes = ! commons4 ,s1 9 ! epilogue to #b ,h5ry ,,iv41 ! danc] says3 ,my tongue is we>y2 :5 my legs are too1 ,i w bid y good night2 & s kneel d[n be=e y3--b1 inde$1 to pray = ! que54 ,colli]1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,engli% ,dramatic ,poetry 7vol4 iii4 p4 #dde71 tells u t ?is practice cont9u$ 9 ! comm5cem5t ( ! #ag? c5tury4 ,t\rnam5ts4 ,9 ,coriolanus 7ii4 #a7 ,%akespe>e attributes "s ( ! cu/oms ( 8 own times to a p :o 7 :olly unacqua9t$ ) !m4 ,9 ! foll[+ passage we h an exact description ( :at occurr$ at tilt+s & t\rnam5ts :5 a combatant _h di/+ui%$ himself3 ,matrons flung gloves1 ,ladies & maids _! sc>fs & h&k]*]s1 ,^u him z he pass'd3 ! nobles b5d$1 ,z to ,jove's /atue2 & ! commons made ,a %[] & ?und] ) _! caps & %\ts3 nev] saw ! l4#ihi #ihi ,see ,s+]'s ,%akespe>e1 vol4 vii4 p4 #cej4 ,an allusion to ! mock t\rnam5ts1 9 :i* ! combatants 7 arm$ ) ru%es 9 place ( spe>s1 is us$ 9 ,o!llo 7v4 #b73 ,man b a ru% aga9/ ,o!llo's brea/4 ,trumpet4 ,9 old5 times x 0 ! fa%ion = p]sons ( di/9ction1 :5 visit+1 to be accompani$ by a trumpet]1 :o ann\nc$ _! approa* by a fl\ri% ( 8 trumpet4 ,x is to ?is cu/om1 ,/aunton#iij ?9ks1 t ,lor5zo ref]s 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice 7v4 #a71 :]e he tells ,portia3 ,y\r husb& is at h&2 ,i he> 8 trumpet4 #iij ,%akespe>e1 #ahfd1 vol4 i4 p4 #fa4 ,,w>-,,cry4 ,god & ,sa9t ,george6--! common cry ( ! ,engli% soldi] :5 he *>g$ ! enemy4 ,ri*>d ,,iii4 7v4 #c74 ,! au?or ( ! ,old ,arte ( ,w>re1 pr9t$ 9 ! latt] end ( ,que5 ,elizabe?'s reign1 =mally enjo9s ! use ( ?is cry among 8 milit>y laws 7p4 #hd73 ,item4 ,t all s\ldi]s entr+ into battaile1 assaulte1 skirmi%e1 or o!r faction ( armes1 %all h = _! common cry-^w1 ',sa9t ,george1 =w>d1 or ^u !m1 ,sa9t ,george6' :]eby ! s\ldi] is mu* com=t$ to m9de ! anci5t val\r ( ,engl&1 :i* ) t "n has be5 s (t5 victori\s2 & !re=e he :o ^u any s9i/] zeale %all malici\sly omit s =tunate a "n1 %all be sev]ely puni%$ = 8 ob/9ate1 errone\s he>t & p]v]se m9d4 ,havoc6 ,to cry havoc appe>s to h be5 a signal = indiscrim9ate slaught]4 ,! expression occurs 9 ,k+ ,john 7ii4 #a73 ,cry havoc1 k+s6 ,9 ,coriolanus ,m55ius says 7iii4 #a73 ,d n cry havoc1 :]e y %\ld b hunt ,) mode/ w>rant4 ,& 9 ,julius ,cs> 7iii4 #a73 ,cry ',havoc6' & let slip ! dogs ( w>4 ,kill1 kill1 kill1 kill1 kill him6 ,?is 0 ! anci5t cry ( ! ,engli% troops :5 !y *>g$ ! enemy4 ,x occurs :]e ! conspirators kill ,coriolanus 7v4 #f74 ,leet-,ale4 ,?is 0 ! d9n] provid$ = ! jury & cu/om>y t5ants at ! c\rt-leet ( a manor1 or view ( frank-pl$ge1 =m]ly held once or twice a ye>1 be=e ! /ew>d ( ! leet4#iia ,to ?is c\rt ,%akespe>e alludes 9 ! ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew 7i4 #b71 :]e ! s]vant tells ,sly t 9 8 dream he w\ld rail ^u ! ho/ess ( ! h\se1 & ?reat5 to pres5t h] at ! leet4 #iia ,see page #cab4 ,aubrey1 9 8 ,,ms4 ,hi/ory ( ,wilt%ire1 #afgh1 tells u1 too1 h[ 9 ! ,ea/] holidays 0 ! ,cl]k's ale = 8 private b5efit1 & ! solace ( ! neighb\rhood4 ,,index4 ,aconite1 its deadly poison1 #bja4 ,adonis horti1 #dfi4 ,agate1 appli$ to a dim9utive p]son1 #ab1 #cij4 ,ague1 spid] a cure =1 #beh4 ,air1 drizzl+ dew1 #ij4 ,all hid1 all hid1 *ildr5's game1 #cie4 ,all-,sa9ts' ,day1 #cbf4 ,all-,s\ls' ,day1 #cbg4 ,almanacs1 #eje4 ,alms-dr9k1 #ebg4 ,alphabet1 call$ ,*ri/-cross-r[1 #ejh4 ,amaimon1 "n ( evil _s1 #fj4 ,amulets1 #eje4 ,anemone1 leg5d relat+ to1 #bjc4 ,ant1 #bej4 ,antic1 a dance1 #dbd4 ,ape1 t]m ( contempt or ende>m5t1 #afa2 lead+ (1 9 hell1 #afa4 ,apo/le-spoons1 #ccf1 #ccg4 ,apple1 #bjc1 #bjd4 ,apple-,john1 "n ( apple1 #bjd4 ,apple-squire1 #bjd1 note4 ,apricock or apricot1 #bjh4 ,ar*]y1 #cid4 ,ariel1 fairy s call$1 #hc1 #afb4 ,aro9t !e1 mean+ (1 #da4 ,asp51 suppli$ wood ( ,cross1 #bjh2 trembl+ (1 #bji4 ,ass1 #afa4 ,a/rology1 #hj-hb4 ,audry's 7,/47 ,day1 #cbd2 lace1 #cbe4 ,baby-9-!-eye1 #dhc4 ,ba*elor's buttons1 #bji4 ,backgammon1 #cif4 ,badge ( ,pov]ty1 #eba4 ,baffle1 old puni%m5t1 #dcd4 ,bagatelle1 #dbb4 ,bakie bird1 "n ( bat1 #afc4 ,balm1 curative prop]ties (1 #baj2 z oil ( consecration1 #baa4 ,b&y1 t]m at t5nis1 #dbj4 ,b>bason1 evil _s1 #fj4 ,b>b]s' =feits1 #ecc4 ,b>efoot1 danc+1 #ced4 ,b>la-breikis1 #cif4 ,b>ley-break1 #cif4 ,b>ley bro?1 #baa4 ,b>nacle goose1 #ig4 ,b>?olomew's 7,/47 ,day1 #cba4 ,b>?olomew ,fair1 #cba2 pigs #cba4 ,base1 old game1 #cig4 ,basilisk1 #agd4 ,bas9s1 burn+1 held be=e ! eyes1 #dcc4 ,bat1 sup]/itions relat+ to1 #afb4 ,bat-f[l+1 #cih4 ,bate1 t]m 9 falconry1 #abe1 note4 ,bay-tree1 om9\s1 #baa4 ,be>1 folk-lore (1 #afc2 caught by mirrors1 #afd2 bait+1 #afd4 ,be>d1 *>act]i/ic ( a wit*1 #bi2 cu/oms associat$ )1 #dhf2 mutilation (1 consid]$ an outrage1 #dhf2 /rok+ (1 prep>atory to a favor1 #dhf2 swe>+ by1 #dhg2 %ape (1 #dhg4 ,beauty1 *>act]i/ic ( fairies1 #aj4 ,b$fell[1 cu/om ( hav+1 #eba4 ,beef1 suppos$ to impair intellect1 #dif4 ,beetle1 old "n =1 #ajj4 ,belemnite1 #ib4 ,bell1 toll+ (1 at fun]als1 #cha2 curfew1 #he1 #eba4 ,belly-bl9d1 old game1 #dji4 ,b]gomask1 dance1 #dbd4 ,betro?+ cu/oms1 #cdb-cej4 ,bid ! base1 #cih4 ,bilboes1 puni%m5t1 #dce4 ,billi>ds1 #cii4 ,bird-batt+1 #cih1 note4 ,bird+1 t]m ( hawk+1 #abh4 ,bir? & baptism1 #ccb-cda4 ,bit+ ( ?umb1 z an insult1 #dib4 ,bitt]-sweet+1 apple s call$1 #bje4 ,blackbird1 #ajj4 ,black ,monday1 #cjb1 #cjc4 ,ble$+1 cu/om (1 9 spr+1 #bff2 cures =1 #bfd1 #bfe4 ,bless$ ?i/le1 #bbb4 ,bl9dness1 #bff4 ,bl9d-worm1 #bee4 ,bli/]1 sup]/ition relat+ to1 #bff4 ,blood1 ?ick5$ by emotional influ5ces1 #dgg2 phrases connect$ )1 #dgf1 #dgg4 ,blood-dr9k+ sighs1 #bhi4 ,blood-suck]1 "n = lee*1 #bha4 ,blue-bottle1 insect s call$1 #bej4 ,bo>-hunt+1 #aff4 ,body1 trembl+ (1 #dge4 ,boil+ to dea?1 old puni%m5t1 #dcc4 ,bone-ace1 old game1 #cii4 ,bone-a*e1 #bfg4 ,boots1 to give !1 h>ve/ cu/om1 #cbb4 ,bots1 #bea4 ,bra91 notions relat+ to1 #dgh4 ,bra9-pan1 "n = skull1 #dgi4 ,br&1 old puni%m5t1 #dcf4 ,brawl1 old dance1 #dbe4 ,bree*1 t]m = :ipp+1 #dcf4 ,breese1 #beb4 ,bridal-b$1 bless+ (1 #cee2 decorat+ ) fl[]s1 #cee4 ,bridal c\ple s]5ad$1 #ceg4 ,bride-ale1 #cab4 ,bride's veil1 #cec2 hair loose at w$d+ c]emony1 #ceb4 ,br9e1 soak+ 91 old puni%m5t1 #dcd4 ,bruise1 rem$ies =1 #bfh4 ,bubukle1 "n = pimple1 #bfh4 ,bull-bait+1 #afh4 ,bullf9*1 #aja1 note4 ,bully-rook1 t]m ( reproa*1 #aec4 ,burn1 rem$y =1 #bfh4 ,buzz>d1 #ajj4 ,by-dr9k+s1 #ebg4 ,cakes & ale at fe/ivals1 #cca4 ,camomile1 #bab4 ,can>y1 old dance1 #dbe4 ,c&les ( ! night1 />s s call$1 #hc4 ,c>buncle1 sup]natural qualities (1 #cij4 ,c>ds1 play+1 #dja4 ,c>nations1 #bbj4 ,c>p1 mo/ cunn+ ( fi%es1 #dig4 ,c>raways1 #bjg4 ,ca/or & ,pollux1 meteors s call$1 #hc4 ,cat1 famili> ( wit*es1 #afh-aga2 said to h n9e lives1 #agb2 us$ z a t]m ( contempt1 #agc4 ,cat>act1 #bfh1 #bfi4 ,cattle1 de/roy$ by wit*es1 #ci4 ,c]emonies1 om5s f sacrifices1 #ejf4 ,*aff9*1 #ajj4 ,*all5ge1 glove s5t z a1 #ecg4 ,*ameleon1 said to fe$ on air1 #agc2 *anges color1 #agd4 ,*angel+s1 #aa1 #bd1 #ccc1 #ccd4 ,*>ity1 ,/41 #cbj4 ,*>les's wa91 #hj4 ,*>ms1 #ejf4 ,*eck1 t]m 9 hawk+1 #abc4 ,*]ry-pit1 old game1 #dja4 ,*]ry-tree1 9 connection ) cuckoo-rhyme1 #aaa4 ,*ess1 #djb4 ,*e/] my/]ies1 #caa4 ,*ewet1 mean+ ( t]m1 #aja4 ,*ilbla9s1 #bfi4 ,*ildr5 ( ! revels1 #big4 ,*ri/-cross-r[1 "n = alphabet1 #ejh4 ,*ri/5+ day1 #cch4 ,*ri/5+s1 ent]ta9m5ts at1 #cch4 ,*ri/mas1 cu/oms at1 #cbi2 c>ol1 #cbi2 eve1 cock-cr[ on1 #ajc2 gambol1 #cbi2 wassail-b[l at1 #ccj2 c&le1 #ccj2 mumm]s1 #cca2 nutmeg1 gift at1 #bcc4 ,*ri/om *ild1 #cdj4 ,*rysolite1 sup]natural virtues (1 #cia4 ,cicely1 ,/41 #cba1 note4 ,c9d]s ( ! elem5ts1 />s s call$1 #hc4 ,c9que-pace1 old dance1 #dbe4 ,clack+ at ,ea/]1 #cjb4 ,cl>e's 7,/47 fire1 meteor s call$1 #hc4 ,clos+ eye ( ! dead1 #cgb4 ,cl\ds1 wea!r-lore (1 #if4 ,cl\d-9-!-face1 t]m appli$ to a horse1 #aia4 ,clov]-fl[]s1 #bab4 ,cobwebs1 us$ = /an*+ blood1 #bfe4 ,cock1 cr[s on ,*ri/mas ,eve1 #ajc2 spirits disappe> at cock-cr[1 #dh4 ,cock-a-hoop1 appli$ to a reckless p]son1 #ajg4 ,cockatrice1 sup]/itions relat+ to1 #agd1 #age2 appli$ to a loose woman1 #age4 ,cock-boat1 #ajh1 note4 ,cock-*af]1 old "n =1 #ajj4 ,cock-fight+1 #aje4 ,cockle1 badge ( pilgrims1 #dih4 ,cock-light1 #afj4 ,cock's-body1 #ajf4 ,cock-%ut "t1 "n = twilight1 #aei4 ,cock's-passion1 #ajf4 ,coddl+1 apple s call$1 #bjf4 ,cold palsies1 #bhd4 ,colt1 its metaphorical use1 #age2 pixey1 #f4 ,columb9e1 a ?ankless fl[]1 #bab4 ,comets1 consid]$ om9\s1 #hi4 ,cony-cat*1 t]m = *eat+1 #aif4 ,cool+-c>d1 #dae4 ,coranto1 old dance1 #dbf4 ,cormorant1 #ajh4 ,corpse1 unlucky to keep on bo>d1 #cgj4 ,cotswold games1 #caf4 ,c\*-glass1 #bdc4 ,cov5try ,my/]ies1 #cac4 ,crab1 "n ( apple1 #bje4 ,crants1 "n = g>l&s1 #cgd4 ,cricket1 a good om52 #bea2 unlucky1 #eaf4 ,crisp9's 7,/47 ,day1 #cbe4 ,crocodile1 te>s (1 #agf2 said to be deceitful1 #agf4 ,cross1 wood (1 #bjh4 ,cross-b[1 %oot+ )1 #agh4 ,cross-road1 gho/s ( suicides haunt1 #chb4 ,cr[1 bird ( ill-om51 #ajh4 ,cr[-fl[]s1 #bab4 ,cr[foot1 #bac4 ,cr[-keep]1 #aji4 ,cr[n1 burn+1 plac$ on crim9als1 #dcf1 #dcg4 ,cry1 appli$ to pack ( h\nds1 #agi4 ,cry ,budget1 a wat*word1 #ebi4 ,cry/al1 old t]m = ! eye1 #dhc4 ,cuckold1 #aac4 ,cuckoo1 sup]/itions connect$ )1 #aaj-aac4 ,cuckoo-buds1 #bac4 ,cuckoo-fl[]s1 #bac4 ,cu]po-,santo1 meteor s call$1 #hd4 ,curfew-bell1 #he4 ,curtal dog1 #ahc4 ,cut1 "n = a horse1 #aib4 ,cuttle1 a f\l-m\!d p]son s call$1 #dih4 ,cypress1 #bac1 #bad4 ,daffodil1 wea!r-lore (1 #bad4 ,dances1 #dbd-dcb4 ,danc+1 ascrib$ to fairies1 #ah4 ,d>k-h\se1 t]m = a mad-h\se1 #ej1 #bgh4 ,d>nel1 #bae4 ,date1 #bae4 ,david's 7,/47 ,day1 #bbf1 #cjc4 ,dead1 bury+ (1 9 _! ord9>y dress1 #cge1 #cgf2 fea/s ( !1 #cgh2 tombs (1 ornam5t$1 #cgg2 _c die on pigeons' fea!rs1 #cfg2 clos+ eyes (1 #cgb2 decorat$ ) fl[]s1 #cgc4 ,dead m5's f+]s1 or*is s call$1 #bbg4 ,dea? & burial cu/oms1 #cfb-che4 ,dea?1 prophecy at po9t (1 #cfb2 high spirits presage imp5d+1 #cfc2 w>n+s at "t (1 #cfd1 #cfe2 wat*1 #eaf2 delay$ until ebb ( tide1 #cgj2 devil seizes s\l at1 #cfe4 ,dea?'s-head r+s1 #chh4 ,de]1 hunt+ cu/oms relat+ to1 #agg-aha2 %oot+ ) cross-b[1 #agh2 te>s (1 #ahj4 ,de=m$ *ildr51 #gh4 ,de=mity1 sup]/itions connect$ )1 #bfi1 #bgj4 ,demoniacal possession1 #dge4 ,demonology1 #eb-fa4 ,d5nis1 ,/41 patron sa9t ( ,france1 #cbf4 ,devil1 clov5 foot (1 #eg4 ,devil's ,dyke1 my? (1 #ahi4 ,dew1 its suppos$ virtues1 #ij2 curi\s notions respect+1 #fc4 ,dice1 #djb4 ,dis$ge1 t]m 9 falconry1 #abg4 ,div9e "r ( k+s1 #eab4 ,dog1 its h[l om9\s1 #aha1 #eaf2 rides ) gho/s1 #di2 days1 #ahc1 #cai2 kill]1 #ahc4 ,dome/ic f[l1 #aac4 ,dove1 cu/oms associat$ )1 #aac-aae2 ,mahomet's1 #aae2 ( ,v5us1 #aae4 ,dragon1 type ( evil1 #ahd2 draws *>iot ( night1 #ahd2 folk-lore (1 #ahe4 ,dreams1 progno/ics ( good & evil1 #ejh2 malici\s spirits torm5t _! victims 91 #eji4 ,dribble1 t]m 9 ar*]y1 #daa4 ,dr[n+1 dang]\s to save a p]son f1 #bga4 ,duck1 to swim l a1 #aaf4 ,duck-hunt+1 #aae4 ,duels1 #eji4 ,dun is 9 ! mire1 ,*ri/mas game1 #djc4 ,dw>f eld]1 sup]/ition connect$ )1 #baf4 ,eagle1 gazes on ! sun1 #aaf2 its great age1 #aag2 bird ( good om51 #aah2 select$ = ,roman /&>d1 #aah4 ,e>1 t+l+ (1 #dhj2 bit+ (1 expression ( ende>m5t1 #dha2 want (1 = music1 #dha4 ,e>ne/-money1 #ebh4 ,e>?quakes1 cause (1 #ic2 om9\s1 #ic1 #eaf4 ,ea/] morn+1 danc+ ( sun on1 #fc2 clack+ at1 #cjb2 new clo!s worn on1 #cjb2 ,monday1 #cjb1 #cjc4 ,ebb ( tide1 dea? delay$ until1 #cgj4 ,ebony1 emblem ( d>kness1 #bae4 ,eclipses1 savage notions respect+1 #ga2 unlucky1 #gb1 #eaf2 a bad om51 #fe4 ,eels1 r\s$ by ?und]1 #ic4 ,eggs 9 moon%9e1 #gh2 wit*es sail 91 #ce4 ,eisel1 "n = v9eg>1 #bib4 ,elb]i*1 #ad4 ,elb[1 it*+ (1 #dha4 ,eld]1 tree on :i* ,judas hang$ himself1 #baf2 plant ( bad om51 #baf4 ,elem5ts1 ! f\r1 #dge4 ,elephant1 said to h no jo9ts1 #ahf2 capture (1 #ahf4 ,elf-fire1 #hg1 note2 elf-locks1 #aij4 ,elf9-grey1 #ag4 ,elmo's 7,/47 />s1 #hd4 ,elves1 #i4 ,emboss$1 appli$ to de]1 #agi4 ,emmew1 a t]m 9 falconry1 #abh4 ,eng9e1 "n = ! rack1 #dci4 ,epilepsy1 #bga1 #bhc4 ,equ9ox1 wea!r-lore (1 #ic4 ,er+oes1 #bag4 ,e!ldr$a's 7,/47 ,day1 #cbd4 ,evil spirits1 assume v>i\s =ms1 #ec2 a dead fri5d1 #ee4 ,exclamations1 #ebi-eca4 ,exorcism ( spirits1 #dd4 ,eyas-musket1 "n = a "y sp>r[-hawk1 #aed4 ,eye1 clos+ (1 at dea?1 #cgb2 bitt51 #cce2 blu5ess (1 #dhb2 ! evil1 #cce1 #dhb4 ,face1 to play ! hypocrite1 #dhd4 ,fad+1 a dance1 #dbf4 ,fairies1 assume v>i\s =ms1 #ab2 att5tive to y\?ful dead1 #bb2 beauty (1 #aj2 fond ( cleanl9ess1 #ah2 dim9utiv5ess (1 #ab2 dislike irreligi\s p1 #ah2 dress (1 #ag2 enri* _! favorites1 #ba2 ex*ange *ildr51 #bd2 exp$iti\s 9 _! actions1 #ba2 fatal to speak to1 #ba2 fond ( danc+ & music1 #ag1 #ah2 haunts (1 #ae2 immortality (1 #aa2 k9d to mortals1 #bj2 malignant1 #bb2 mis*iev\s1 #bc2 p]petual y\? (1 #aa2 vani% at w1 #ab4 ,fairy revels1 #ah4 ,fairy-r+s1 #ae1 #af1 #bcb4 ,falcon-g5tle1 species ( hawk1 #aeh4 ,fall+-sickness1 #bga4 ,fa/ & loose1 a *eat+ game1 #djc4 ,feet1 /umbl+ (1 unlucky1 #ded4 ,f5c+1 #djd4 ,f5nel1 an inflammatory h]b1 #bag4 ,f]n-se$1 r5d]s invisible1 #bag1 #bah4 ,feux follets1 "n = w-o'-!-wisp1 #hh4 ,fev]1 spid] a cure =1 #beh4 ,fi]y dragon1 #he4 ,fi]y ,trigon1 #gi4 ,fig1 phrases connect$ )1 #bah1 #bai4 ,fillip+ ! toad1 game ( boys1 #djf4 ,f9*-egg1 #aja4 ,f+]1 it*+ (1 #dhb4 ,f+]-/one1 #ib4 ,fire-drake1 #hd1 #he4 ,fi/ula1 #bga1 #bgb4 ,fit1 #bgb1 #bgc4 ,fit*ew1 #aif4 ,flagellation1 treatm5t = p]sons possess$1 #ef4 ,flap-dragon1 #djf4 ,flap-jacks1 "n = pancakes1 #bii4 ,flaws1 sudd5 gu/s ( w9d1 #ie4 ,fleas1 loa* said to bre$1 #dii4 ,fle%m5t1 milit>y t]m1 #eda4 ,fleur-de-lys1 #bai4 ,flibb]tigibbet1 a fi5d1 "n also = ignis fatuus1 #f1 #fa1 #he1 #bfi4 ,flitt]-m\se1 t]m = ! bat1 #afc4 ,fl[]-de-luce1 #bai4 ,fl[]s1 c>ri$ on a maid5's c(f91 #cgd2 = decorat+ corpses1 #cgd2 on graves1 #cgc2 at w$d+s1 #cee4 ,fl[]+ ,sunday1 #cgd4 ,fly1 =m ( an evil _s1 #ed4 ,folk-m$ic9e1 #bfd-bie4 ,fools1 #ecb4 ,football1 #djg4 ,=elook$1 t]m = evil eye1 #cce4 ,=feits1 #ecc4 ,=tune-tell]s1 #eaj4 ,fox1 hunt+ (1 #ahg2 a weapon s call$1 #ahf4 ,frat]etto1 fi5d s call$1 #fa4 ,fri>'s lant]n1 "n = ignis fatuus1 #hg1 note4 ,frogs us$ = div9ation1 #beb4 ,fullams1 false dice1 #djc4 ,fun]al rites1 suppos$ necessity =1 #df1 #chb4 ,gad-fly1 #beb4 ,gage1 a glove s call$1 #ecf1 note4 ,gall ( goat1 us$ by wit*es1 #ahg4 ,galli>d1 dance1 #dbe1 note4 ,gambl+1 #ecc4 ,game laws1 #ahj4 ,g>t]s1 #ecd4 ,gaudy days1 #ece4 ,george 7,/47 & dragon1 my? (1 #ahd4 ,george's 7,/47 ,day1 #cjd4 ,giants1 belief 91 #eab4 ,gib cat1 #agc4 ,gillyfl[]1 #bba4 ,gimmal-r+1 #cdg4 ,gleek1 old game1 #djh4 ,glove1 worn z a favor1 #ecf2 memorial ( a fri5d1 #ecf2 signal ( a *all5ge1 #ecf2 a pl$ge1 #ecg2 sc5t$1 #ech4 ,gl[-worm1 sup]/ition relat+ to1 #ach4 ,goat1 sup]/ition relat+ to1 #ahg4 ,god save ! m>k1 exclamation1 #ebi4 ,god's tok5s1 plague-spots1 #bhe4 ,gold1 melt$1 p\r$ d[n ! ?roat1 #cfi2 *a9s1 worn by p]sons ( rank1 #edd2 m$ic9al virtues (1 #bgc4 ,gold5-russet+1 "n ( an apple1 #bjf4 ,goldf9*1 #aai4 ,good ,friday1 #cja4 ,good ,lubb]1 "n ( a _s1 #h4 ,good ye>1 corruption ( g\jre1 #bgd4 ,goose1 emblem ( c[>dice1 #aai2 t]ms connect$ )1 #aah1 #aai4 ,gossam]1 notions relat+ to1 #bei4 ,gossip's b[l1 #bje4 ,g\rds1 false dice1 #djb4 ,g\t1 #bhh4 ,gr& liquor1 ! aurum potabile ( al*emi/s1 #bgd4 ,grave1 position (1 #chb2 y>ds1 haunt$ by spectres1 #cha1 #chb4 ,gudgeon1 #dih4 ,gu9ea-h51 #aac4 ,gull1 t]m = a fool1 #abj2 us$ = a trick or imposition1 #abj4 ,gull-cat*]1 appli$ to %>p]s1 #abj2 grop]1 #abj4 ,gurnet1 t]m ( reproa*1 #dii4 ,habundia1 ,mab1 p]haps1 a contraction (1 #d4 ,hack1 puni%m5t ( knight1 #dcd4 ,hag-se$1 #dj4 ,hagg>d1 t]m 9 hawk+1 #abb4 ,hair1 antipa?y to r$ & yell[1 #dhe2 mu*1 d5otes want ( intellect1 #dfb1 #dhh2 /&s on end ?r\gh fe>1 #dhh2 turns :ite ?r\gh sorr[ & fe>1 #dhi2 us$ metaphorically1 #dij2 bride's1 di%evell$ at w$d+1 c]emony1 #ceb1 #cec4 ,halcyon days1 #aca4 ,halidom1 mean+ (1 #ebi4 ,hall[mas1 #cbf4 ,h&1 palmi/ry (1 #dij2 worms br$ 9 f+]s ( idle s]vants1 #dia2 t]ms associat$ )1 #dia1 #dib4 ,h>e1 a melan*oly animal1 #ahg2 prov]b relat+ to1 #dfb4 ,h>ebell1 #bba4 ,h>e-lip1 suppos$ to be "w ( fairy1 #dib4 ,hairie-racket1 old game1 #cif4 ,h>t royal1 #agh4 ,havoc1 to cry1 #ead4 ,hawk1 cat*+ game )1 #aba-abf2 to seel a1 #abg2 tra9+ (1 #abf2 to imp a1 #abh4 ,hay1 old dance1 #dbg2 exclamation1 #ebi4 ,head1 %ape (1 #dic4 ,he>t1 seat ( und]/&+1 #dic1 #did2 c\rage1 #did2 dea? f brok51 #dic4 ,he>t's-ease1 nickname (1 #bbg2 us$ = love-philtres1 #bbg4 ,hecate1 #ce4 ,h$gehog1 said to suck udd]s ( c[s1 #ahh2 famili> ( wit*es1 #ahi2 leg5ds connect$ )1 #ahh1 #ahi2 a t]m ( reproa*1 #ahi4 ,hel5's 7,/47 fire1 meteor s call$1 #hc4 ,helme's 7,/47 !1 #hc4 ,hemlock1 its poison\s "*1 #bba2 suppos$ to be dea?-dr9k ( ,greeks1 #bba2 nickname =1 #bbc4 ,h5bane1 #bbc4 ,h]b ( ,grace1 #bba1 #bbb4 ,h]m's 7,/47 !1 meteor1 #hc4 ,h]ne's oak1 #bcc1 #bcd4 ,h]on1 us$ 9 hawk+1 #abi4 ,hid1 or hide fox1 game s call$1 #djh4 ,high spirits a bad om51 #cfc4 ,hippopotamus1 #ejd4 ,hob-&-8-lan?orn1 #hg1 note4 ,hobany's lan?orn1 #hg1 note4 ,hobbididance1 evil _s s call$1 #fa4 ,hobgobl91 #g4 ,hobby-horse1 "* 9 morris-dance1 #cji2 appli$ to a loose woman1 #caj4 ,hock c>t1 at h>ve/-home1 #cbc4 ,hold1 t]m 9 fight+1 #ecj4 ,holy-,cross ,day1 #cbd4 ,holyrood ,day1 #cbd4 ,holy ?i/le1 #bbb4 ,honey-dew1 #ia4 ,honey-/alks1 "n = clov]-fl[]s1 #bab4 ,hoodman-bl9d1 #djh1 #dji4 ,horn-mad1 #bgh4 ,horses1 fairies play pranks )1 #aij2 wit*es h>ass1 #aij2 t]ms connect$ )1 #aia2 =ehorse ( a team decorat$1 #aib2 hair1 notion respect+1 #aij2 rac+1 #dji4 ,hum-buz1 "n = cock*af]1 #ajj4 ,hunt+ cu/oms1 #agh1 #agi4 ,hunt's-up1 morn+ song to a newly-m>ri$ c\ple1 #agi1 #ceg4 ,hy/]ia1 #bge4 ,idiots1 said to be fairies' *ildr51 #ccd4 ,imp1 to1 t]m 9 falconry1 #abh4 ,incubi1 class ( devils1 #gh4 ,infection1 notions respect+1 #bgf4 ,iniquity1 "* 9 old miracle-plays1 #cad4 ,insane root1 #bbc4 ,insanity1 influ5c$ by moon1 #gc1 #bgg4 ,irreligi\s p]sons1 fairies dislike1 #ah4 ,ivy1 hung at door ( a v9tn]1 #bbc4 ,jack-a-lant]n1 #hg4 ,jack-a-,l5t1 #bii4 ,jackdaw1 #ajb4 ,jacket-a-wad1 #hg1 note4 ,jane ,%ore1 #bg1 #cg4 ,jaundice1 spid] a cure =1 #beh4 ,jay1 appli$ to loose woman1 #acj4 ,jesses1 trapp+s ( hawks1 #abf4 ,jesus1 inscrib$ on lett]s1 #edj4 ,jews1 tortur+ (1 #dgd4 ,jew's eye1 #dgc4 ,jig1 an old dance1 #dbg4 ,joan ( ,arc1 #bf4 ,joan 9-! wad1 #hg1 note4 ,john 7,/47 ,bapti/'s night1 #cai4 ,john's 7,/47 wort1 div9ation by1 #cah4 ,judas1 hang$ himself on an eld]1 #baf2 kiss1 #eci4 ,ju/ice ,j>vis1 old pa/ime1 #dah4 ,kecksies1 /alks ( hemlock1 #bbd4 ,ke/rel1 appli$ to hawk1 #acj4 ,key cold1 mean+ (1 #bfe4 ,kid fox1 game1 #djh4 ,k+fi%]1 wea!r lore (1 #aca2 hung up 9 cottages1 #aca4 ,k+s1 sup]natural au?ority (1 #eag4 ,k+'s evil1 #bgi4 ,kiss1 at betro?al1 #cdf2 at m>riage c]emony1 #cea2 fee ( lady's p>tn]1 #ech2 salut+ ladies )1 #eci4 ,kiss+ comfits1 #eci4 ,kit-)-!-c&le-/ick1 #hg4 ,kite1 bird ( ill-om51 #aca2 curi\s notion respect+1 #acb4 ,knotgrass1 h9d]s gr[?1 #bbe4 ,lace songs1 #eci4 ,la*rymatory vials1 #cgi4 ,lady-bird1 t]m ( ende>m5t1 #bec4 ,lady-smocks1 #bbe4 ,lamb ale1 #cab4 ,lamb-mass1 #cbj4 ,lamb]t's 7,/47 ,day1 #cbd4 ,lamb's-wool1 #bje4 ,lammas ,day1 #cbj4 ,lamps1 p]petual1 #chc4 ,lapw+1 an ecc5tric bird1 #acb2 symbol ( ins9c]ity1 #acc2 draws pursu]s f its ne/1 #acc4 ,l>k1 *anges eyes ) toad1 #acd2 song (1 #ace2 mode ( captur+1 #acd4 ,laudatory v]ses1 affix$ to tomb1 #cgg4 ,laugh-&-lie-d[n1 game at c>ds1 #daj4 ,laurel1 symbol ( victory1 #bbe4 ,lavolta1 ,fr5* dance1 #dbh4 ,leap-frog1 #dji4 ,lea!r-coat1 "n ( apple1 #bjf4 ,lee*1 #bha4 ,leek1 on ,/4 ,david's ,day1 #bbf1 #cjc4 ,leet ale1 #cab1 #edh4 ,l5t1 ,jack-a-l5t made at1 #bii2 fle%meat n sold dur+1 #cjj4 ,leprosy1 #bhj4 ,le?>gy1 conf\nd$ ) apoplexy1 #bhj4 ,lett]s1 ,emmanuel prefix$ to1 #edj4 ,light-o'-love1 tune ( dance1 #dbi4 ,lightn+1 p]sons /ruck by1 acc\nt$ holy1 #ib4 ,lily1 #bbf4 ,lion1 suppos$ g5]osity (1 #aic2 w n injure a royal pr9ce1 #aid2 kept )\t food1 #aid4 ,liv]1 seat ( love1 #did2 abs5ce ( blood 91 #dgh4 ,liv]y1 to sue "o's1 #eda ,liz>d1 said to be v5om\s1 #bec2 us$ by wit*es1 #bed4 ,loa* bre$s fleas1 #dii4 ,loaf mass1 #cbj4 ,lob ( _s1 #a1 #e1 #h4 ,lob's p\nd1 #h4 ,loggat1 game s call$1 #daj4 ,long purples1 "n ( or*is1 #bbf4 ,loose1 t]m 9 ar*]y1 #cie4 ,"l ,mayor's ,day1 #cbg2 %[1 #cae2 fool1 #cbg4 ,love *>ms #cei4 ,love-day1 #eda4 ,love-9-idl5ess1 #bbg4 ,love-lock1 #dhj4 ,love philtres1 #bbg1 #bfd1 #cei4 ,lov]s1 ecc5tricities (1 #cfa1 #djf1 #dgh1 note1 #ecd4 ,lucky days1 #eab4 ,mab1 fairy que51 #d1 #e1 #bd4 ,magpie1 reg>d$ z my/]i\s bird1 #ace2 claims = av]t+ ill-luck ( see+1 #acf2 nicknam$ magot-pie1 #ace4 ,magic1 sy/em (1 #dhb2 v]ses1 #ejh4 ,mahu1 pr9ce ( d>kness1 #fa4 ,mahomet's dove1 #aae4 ,man 9 ! moon1 #fh1 #bdd4 ,m&rake1 resemblance (1 to human figure1 #bbh2 wat*$ ov] by ,satan1 #bcj2 its groans1 #bbh2 sup]/itions relat+ to1 #bbi-bca4 ,mann+tree ox1 #cag4 ,m>bles1 #daa4 ,m>igold1 op5s its fl[]s at sun's bidd+1 #bcj4 ,m>riage1 #cdb-cfa2 c]emony mo/ly on ,sunday1 #ceh1 #cei4 ,m>t91 unlucky to mole/ a1 #acf2 builds ne> human habitations1 #acf4 ,m>t9's 7,/47 ,day1 #cbh2 summ]1 #aca4 ,m>tlemas1 #cbh4 ,m>y-bud1 "n = m>igold1 #bca4 ,mank91 us$ = h>e1 #afh1 note4 ,may-day obs]vances1 #cje4 ,may+1 go+ a1 #cjg4 ,may-pole1 #cjg4 ,mead[ cress1 #bac4 ,measles1 #bha4 ,m$l>1 appli$ to woman ( loose "*1 #bca4 ,m]l91 #eaa2 prophecies (1 #eae4 ,m]maid1 #ejj-ejc4 ,meteors1 reg>d$ z om9\s1 #hh1 #eaf2 names =1 #hc4 ,metrical *>ms1 #ejh4 ,mi*aelmas1 #cbd4 ,midsumm] ,eve1 #bah1 #cah2 man1 #cah2 wat*1 #cae4 ,milit>y lore1 #eda4 ,mill1 "n = n9e-m5's-morris1 #dac4 ,m9es1 gu>d$ by evil spirits1 #ei2 truep5ny1 m9+ t]m1 #edb4 ,m9n[1 t]m ( contempt1 #ejc4 ,miracle-plays1 #cac4 ,mirror1 be>s surpris$ by1 #afd4 ,mi/letoe1 notions respect+1 #bca1 #bcb4 ,mock-wat]1 #bie4 ,moi/ />1 "n = moon1 #gd4 ,moldw>p1 t]m = mole1 #aie4 ,mole said to be bl9d1 #aid4 ,moles on body om9\s1 #die4 ,moon1 adoration (1 #fi2 eclipse (1 #ga2 man 9 !1 #fh1 #fi1 #bdd2 sangu9e color (1 #gc1 #eaf2 pal5ess (1 #gc2 wea!r-lore (1 #gf-gh2 insane p]sons affect$ by1 #gc2 swe>+ by1 #gj2 en*antm5t (1 #ga2 invocation (1 #gj2 incon/ancy (1 #gj2 horns (1 #gg2 moi/ure (1 #gd2 influ5ce ov] agricultural affairs1 #ge2 wax+ & wan+ (1 #gf2 affect$ by wit*craft1 #ga4 ,moon-calf1 #gg4 ,moralities1 #cad4 ,morris-dance1 #ahf1 note1 #cjh1 #caa1 #dca4 ,mo?1 a fairy1 #i2 insect1 #bed4 ,"m1 "n = hy/]ia1 #bge4 ,"m ( all humors1 ! moon1 #gd4 ,m\se1 t]m ( ende>m5t1 #aie4 ,m\se-hunt1 #aie4 ,mummy1 #bhb4 ,murd]$ p]sons ble$ at approa* ( murd]]1 #dhf4 ,mu%room1 sup]/itions relat+ to1 #bcb4 ,music1 ascrib$ to fairies1 #ag2 z a m$ical ag5cy1 #bgh2 cure = madness1 #bgg2 at fun]als1 #cha2 w$d+s1 #ceb2 ( ! sph]es1 #hj4 ,muss1 a scramble1 #daa4 ,mu/>d1 #bcb2 mu/>d-se$1 a fairy1 #i4 ,n>cissus1 leg5d conc]n+1 #bcc4 ,negro1 =m ( evil _s1 #ec4 ,ni*olas's 7,/47 ,day1 #cbh2 patron ( *ildr51 #cbh2 cl]ks1 cant t]m = highwaym51 #cbi4 ,night cr[1 #aej2 h]on1 #aej2 rav51 #aej4 ,night+ale1 s+s ) brea/ on ?orn1 #acg2 evil spirits assume =m (1 #ed2 /ory (1 & gl[-worm1 #ach4 ,nightm>e1 *>ms =1 #bhc4 ,n9e-holes1 old game1 #daa4 ,n9e-m5's-morris1 ru/ic game1 #daa4 ,n9e ,wor?ies1 !1 #caf4 ,noddy1 game at c>ds1 #dac4 ,nose1 ble$+ (1 unlucky1 #bff1 #eaf4 ,novem qu9que1 game ( dice1 #dac4 ,numb]s1 odd1 #dj4 ,nuptial kiss1 #cea4 ,nutmeg1 gift at ,*ri/mas1 #bcc4 ,o ho6 exclamation1 #ecj4 ,oak1 cr[n (1 a m>k ( honor1 #bcc2 ,h]ne's1 #bcc4 ,ob]on1 k+ ( fairyl&1 #b1 #c4 ,obidicut1 evil _s1 #fa4 ,odd numb]s1 #dj4 ,olive1 emblem ( peace1 #bcd4 ,"o-&-?irty1 old game1 #cii4 ,osprey1 fasc9at+ influ5ce (1 #ach4 ,o/ri*1 extraord9>y dige/ion (1 #ach1 #aci4 ,otnit1 ,g]man /ory (1 #c1 #ad4 ,ouphe1 "n = fairy1 #i1 #ag4 ,our ,lady's smock1 #bbe4 ,ousel1 "n = blackbird1 #ajj4 ,owl1 bird ( ill-om51 #aci2 leg5d conc]n+1 #adb4 ,owlet's w+ us$ by wit*es1 #ada4 ,oy/]s1 prov]b relat+ to1 #dfh4 ,paddock1 t]m = toad1 #add1 #bfb4 ,pageants1 #cae4 ,palm1 symbol ( victory1 #bcd4 ,palm]s1 "n = pilgrims1 #bce4 ,palmi/ry1 #dge1 #dij4 ,p>alysis1 #bhd4 ,p>i%-top1 #dac4 ,p>rot1 re/less be=e ra91 #adc2 taught unlucky words1 #adc4 ,p>tridge1 #acc4 ,pass+-bell1 #cff4 ,patrick 7,/47 drives reptiles f ,irel&1 #beg2 8 fe/ival1 #cjd2 purgatory1 #cjd1 #cfh4 ,patrons1 pray+ =1 #edc4 ,pavan1 a dance1 #dbi4 ,peacock1 its prov]bial use1 #adc4 ,peajock1 peacock s call$1 #add4 ,pe>1 #bce4 ,pe>ls1 swall[+ (1 #cib2 p[d]$1 ?r[n ov] sov]eigns1 #cia2 m$ic9al prop]ties (1 #cib2 leg5d>y orig9 (1 #cib4 ,peas-blossom1 "n ( fairy1 #i4 ,peascod woo+1 #bce4 ,peg-a-lant]n1 #hg1 note4 ,peg-morris1 game s call$1 #dab4 ,pelican1 fe$s "y ones ) h] blood1 #add2 hat*$ dead1 #ade4 ,p]iapts1 #ejf4 ,pheasant1 #ade4 ,philip1 "n = sp>r[1 #aed4 ,philomel1 t]m = night+ale1 #ach4 ,philosoph]'s /one1 #bhd4 ,pho5ix1 rises f its own a%es1 #ade4 ,pigeon1 fea!rs (1 unlucky1 #cfg2 us$ z c>ri]1 #adf2 con/ancy (1 #adg4 ,pike1 old "n =1 #ejc4 ,pilgrims1 #bce4 ,pillory1 mode ( puni%m5t1 #dcg4 ,piskey1 ,devon%ire "n = fairy1 #f4 ,pismire1 "n = ant1 #bej4 ,pixy1 "n = fairy1 #f4 ,pixy-l$1 misl$ by fairies1 #h4 ,planets1 #gh2 influ5ce (1 #gi2 irregul> motion (1 #gh4 ,planta91 its m$ic9al use1 #gf1 #bcf2 wat]1 #bfh4 ,pleurisy1 #bha4 ,plica ,polonica1 #aij4 ,pluck a cr[1 #aaj4 ,pluck+ geese1 a boy's sport1 #aai4 ,poake-l$d51 #h4 ,poison1 vulg> error relat+ to1 #bhf4 ,polecat1 #aif4 ,pom&]1 #bhg4 ,pomewat]1 "n ( apple1 #bjg4 ,pooka1 #f4 ,poor man's p>macetti1 #bfg4 ,pop]91 "n = pe>1 #bce4 ,pop9jay1 "n = p>rot1 #adc4 ,poppy1 deadly qualities (1 #bcg4 ,porcup9e d>ts 8 quills1 #aif4 ,porpoise1 wea!r-lore (1 #ejc4 ,port5ts1 belief 91 #eaf4 ,posy r+s1 #chh1 #chi4 ,potato1 #bcg4 ,pov]ty1 badge (1 #eba4 ,pray]s1 ( ,*ur*1 morbific influ5ce (1 #cgb2 wit*es say backw>ds1 #dj1 #da4 ,press1 old torture1 #dch4 ,primavi/a1 game at c>ds1 #dad4 ,prim]o1 #dad4 ,primrose1 #bcg4 ,pris]1 t]m = a wre/l]1 #dbc4 ,prison b>s or base1 ru/ic game1 #cig4 ,prophecy1 at dea?1 #cfb4 ,pr\d tailor1 "n = goldf9*1 #aai4 ,prov]bs1 #ddd-dgd4 ,puck1 "n ( fairy1 #e-h1 #aa1 #hg4 ,puni%m5ts1 #dcc-ddc4 ,pu%1 exclamation1 #dih2 p91 game1 #dae4 ,puttock1 "n = kite1 #acb4 ,quails1 #adh2 fight+1 #adh4 ,qu>ry1 t]m 9 falconry1 #abd4 ,qu9tam1 #dae4 ,quoits1 #daf4 ,rabbit1 #aif2 suck]s1 #aif4 ,race ( horses1 t]m = a /ud1 #aic4 ,rack1 torture (1 #dch4 ,rack+ cl\ds1 #if4 ,ragg$-rob91 #bac4 ,ra9b[1 #ia4 ,rapture1 "n = trance1 #bgb1 #bgc4 ,rat1 rhym$ to dea?1 #aig2 leav+ a %ip1 om9\s1 #aih4 ,rav51 bird ( ill-om51 #adi2 suppos$ longevity (1 #adi2 des]ts its "y1 #aea2 fea!rs1 us$ by wit*es1 #aea4 ,r$ blood1 sign ( c\rage1 #dgg4 ,r$ pe/il5ce1 #bhe4 ,re$1 = %eph]ds' pipes1 #bch4 ,r]e-m\se1 "n = bat1 #afb4 ,rheumatism1 #bhh4 ,rhyne toll1 old manorial cu/om1 #afg4 ,r+s1 symbolical use1 #chf2 ex*ange 9 m>riage contracts1 #cdf2 dea?'s-head1 #chh2 runn+ = !1 #dag2 ru%1 #bdb2 posy1 #chh2 tok51 #chg2 ?umb1 #chi4 ,rivo1 an exclamation1 #ecj4 ,rob9 ,goodfell[1 #e-g1 #hf4 ,rob9 ,hood1 #caj4 ,rob9 ,r$brea/ cov]s dead bodies ) leaves1 #aeb4 ,rook1 wea!r-lore (1 #aec2 bird ( good om51 #aec2 des]t+ a rook]y1 #aec4 ,rose1 associat$ ) ,w>s ( ,roses1 #bci1 #bdj2 div9ation by1 #cah2 symbolical use1 #bch2 cu/oms connect$ )1 #bch2 cakes1 #bci2 wat]1 #bci4 ,rosem>y1 /r5g!ns memory1 #bdj2 symbol ( remembrance1 #bdj2 at w$d+s & fun]als1 #bdj2 = g>ni%+ di%es at ,*ri/mas1 #bda4 ,r\ndel1 a dance1 #dbi4 ,r\se1 #ebh4 ,ruddock1 "n = r$brea/1 #aec4 ,rue1 div9ation by1 #cah4 ,runn+1 = ! r+1 #dag2 ! figure ( eight1 #dag2 c\nt]1 hunt+ t]m1 #agh4 ,ru%-be>+s1 #bdb4 ,ru% c&le1 #bdb4 ,ru%-r+1 #bdb4 ,sabba? ( wit*es1 #cj4 ,saffron1 its uses1 #bdb1 #bdc4 ,sagitt>y1 #edc4 ,salad-days1 #edc4 ,saliva1 m$ical notion respect+1 #bhi4 ,salt1 us$ metaphorically1 #edc2 sitt+ bel[ !1 #ebf4 ,salutations1 #edd4 ,sampson1 ,agnes1 reput$ wit*1 #cc4 ,satyrs' dance1 #dcj4 ,scale ( dragon1 us$ by wit*es1 #ahe4 ,scambl+ days1 #cja4 ,scammell or scamel1 #aba4 ,sc>e-cr[1 #aji4 ,scr(ula1 cure =1 #bgi4 ,sea1 s\rce ( dew1 #ij2 p]sons dr[n$ 91 #chb2 eagle1 "n = osprey1 #ach2 gull1 #aba2 mell or mew1 #aba2 mon/]1 #ejd4 ,second>y ra9b[1 #ia4 ,see-saw1 game1 #dag4 ,seel1 t]m 9 falconry1 #abg4 ,s]p5t1 call$ a worm1 #bed2 its =k$ tongue suppos$ to injure1 #bee2 said to cause dea? )\t pa91 #bee1 #bef2 us$ by wit*es1 #bee2 emblem ( +ratitude1 #bef2 cures = bite (1 #bef2 driv5 out ( ,irel& by ,/4 ,patrick1 #beg2 ca/+ ( its sl\gh1 #beg4 ,s]pigo1 "n = sk9 disease1 #bhh4 ,s]vants1 tak+ oa? ( fidelity1 #edd2 gold *a9s worn by1 #edd2 att5d b>e-head$1 #ede4 ,%eep-%e>+ cu/oms1 #cag4 ,%e] ale1 #ebh4 ,%eph]d's1 mill1 #dac2 purse1 #bfh4 ,%eph]d-que51 #cah4 ,%]iffs' po/1 #ede4 ,%oe-tye1 "n = a travell]1 #ede4 ,%oe+-horn1 #ede4 ,%oot+ />s1 #eaf4 ,%ore1 ,jane1 #bg1 #cg4 ,%ove-groat1 #dag2 %ove-halfp5ny1 #dah4 ,%r\d+-%eet1 #chj4 ,%rove ,tuesday1 #bii4 ,sickness1 #bhh4 ,sieve1 us$ by wit*es1 #cd2 toss 9 a1 puni%m5t s call$1 #dda4 ,sigh1 notions respect+1 #bhi4 ,signatures1 doctr9e (1 #bah4 ,sil5ce be=e ?und]1 #ic4 ,six ,wor?ies1 #caf4 ,skimm+ton1 old c]emony (1 #ddc4 ,slide1 bo>d1 or groat1 #dah1 note2 ?rift1 #dah1 note4 ,slip-?rift1 #dah1 note4 ,sl\gh ( snake1 #beg4 ,sl[-worm1 #bee4 ,smulk91 evil _s1 #fa4 ,smi?field fair1 #cba4 ,snails1 *>m+ (1 #aih2 om5s ( f9e wea!r1 #aii4 ,sneak-cup1 #ebh4 ,sneck-up1 exclamation1 #eca4 ,snipe1 appli$ to fooli% man1 #aed4 ,sn[balls1 #dah4 ,solemn supp]1 #ede4 ,sop o' ! moon%9e1 #gh4 ,s\ls1 transmigration (1 #ej4 ,s\l-bell1 #cfg2 mass cakes1 #cgi4 ,s\l+1 go+ a1 #cbf4 ,span-c\nt]1 old game1 #dah4 ,sp>r[1 call$ ,philip1 #aed2 hawk1 #aed4 ,spe>-grass1 #bdc4 ,spectre huntsman1 #di4 ,spid]1 consid]$ v5om\s1 #beh2 cure = jaundice & ague1 #beh2 web us$ = /opp+ blood1 #beh2 bottl$1 #bei2 gossam]1 notion respect+1 #bei4 ,spirits1 v>i\s k9ds (1 #fj2 unlucky to cross _! pa?1 #dh2 disappe> at cock-cr[1 #ajd2 impati5t at be+ int]rogat$1 #de2 _! appe>ance1 #de2 walk+ (1 by way ( p5ance1 #df2 reason = appe>+1 #df2 allott$ "t = "w1 #dg2 signs ( _! approa*1 #dg2 ( rev5ge1 #eh4 ,sple51 suppos$ cause ( laught]1 #dif4 ,spy1 ,i1 exclamation1 #eca4 ,squalls1 wea!r-lore (1 #ie4 ,/alk+ horse1 #aia4 ,/>l+1 #aee4 ,/>s1 influ5ce on mundane ev5ts1 #hj2 h]oes reckon$ among1 #hb4 ,/atute-cap1 #edf4 ,/eph5's 7,/47 ,day1 hunt+ wr5 on1 #eja4 ,/]ility1 #bhi4 ,/igmatic1 de=m$ p]son s call$1 #bgj4 ,/ocks1 old puni%m5t1 #ddj4 ,/ool-ball1 old game1 #dai4 ,/oop1 or swoop1 t]m 9 falconry1 #abd4 ,/ov]1 fodd] = cattle1 #bdc4 ,/rappado1 milit>y puni%m5t1 #ddj4 ,/rawb]ry1 #bdc4 ,succubi1 class ( devils1 #gh4 ,suicide1 #bij4 ,sun1 wea!r-lore (1 #fc-fe2 danc+ (1 #fc2 cl\dy ris+1 om9\s1 #fd2 r$ sunrise1 #fd2 wat]y sunset1 #fe2 suppos$ to be a planet1 #fb4 ,sunday1 fa%ionable day = w$d+s1 #ceh4 ,sun%9e 9 ,m>*1 #fh4 ,swall[1 h>b+] ( spr+1 #aee2 bird ( good om51 #aef4 ,swan1 s+s be=e dea?1 #aef4 ,sword1 swe>+ by1 #edb2 dance1 #dcj4 ,sympa!tic indications1 #eah4 ,tailor1 exclamation1 #eca4 ,tailor's goose1 "n = press+-iron1 #aah4 ,tassel-g5tle1 "n ( hawk1 #aeg4 ,tavy's 7,/47 ,day1 #bbf1 #cjd4 ,tawdry lace1 #cbe4 ,te>s1 ( ! de]1 #ahj2 crocodile1 #agf4 ,tee?1 sup]/itions relat+ to1 #ccb1 #ccc4 ,telme's 7,/47 fire1 meteor s call$1 #hc4 ,t5 bones1 "n = f+]s1 #dia4 ,t5 comm&m5ts1 #dia4 ,t5nis1 #dai4 ,t]magant1 tyrant ( miracle-plays1 #cac4 ,tewksbury mu/>d1 #bcb4 ,!atrical lore1 #edf4 ,?orns1 leg5d relat+ to1 #bdd4 ,?re%old1 bride mu/ n cross1 #ceh4 ,?umb1 bit+ (1 an insult1 #dib2 r+s1 #chi4 ,?und]1 notions relat+ to1 #ia2 bolt1 #ia2 /one1 #ia4 ,tick-tack1 old game1 #dba4 ,tig]1 ro>s 9 /ormy wea!r1 #aii4 ,tire1 t]m 9 falconry1 #abg4 ,titania1 fairy que51 #b1 #c1 #ad4 ,tilly-vally1 exclamation1 #eca4 ,toad1 evil _s lik5$ to1 #bfb2 *anges eyes ) l>k1 #acd2 said to be v5om\s1 #bfa2 /one1 #bfj4 ,tok5s plague-spots1 #bhe4 ,tomb1 ornam5t+1 #cgg4 ,tongue1 bli/] on1 #bff4 ,too?a*e1 #ejg2 caus$ by a worm1 #bij4 ,tor*es at w$d+s1 #ceg4 ,toss 9 a sieve1 puni%m5t s call$1 #dda4 ,t\*+ = k+'s evil1 #bgi4 ,t\rnam5ts1 #edg4 ,t[]1 t]m 9 falconry1 #abc4 ,transmigration ( s\ls1 #ej4 ,tread a measure1 dance1 #dca4 ,trefoil1 div9ation by1 #cah4 ,trial by ! /ool1 = detect+ wit*es1 #ca4 ,trip & g1 a morris-dance1 #dca4 ,troll-my-dame1 or ,troll-madam1 game s call$1 #dbb4 ,truep5ny1 m9+ t]m1 #edb4 ,trump1 old game1 #dbb4 ,trumpet1 = ann\nc+ visitors1 #edg4 ,tub-fa/1 #bib4 ,turkey1 #aeh4 ,turquoise1 suppos$ virtues (1 #cic4 ,tutel>y gu>dians1 #eg4 ,twelf? ,day1 #big4 ,tyb]t or ,tybalt1 cat s call$1 #agb4 ,unicorn1 mode ( betray+1 #aii4 ,up-spr+1 ,g]man dance1 #dca1 #dcb4 ,ur*91 "n = fairy1 #i1 #ag4 ,ur*9s' dance1 #i4 ,val5t9e's 7,/47 ,day1 #bih2 birds *oose _! mates on1 #bih2 select+ val5t9es on1 #bih2 cu/oms 9 ,france on1 #bih4 ,v]va91 div9ation by1 #cah4 ,vice1 "* 9 old miracle-plays1 #cad4 ,violet1 associat$ ) e>ly dea?1 #bdd2 sup]/ition relat+ to1 #bdd4 ,virus lun>e1 #ge4 ,vitalis 7,/47 invok$ 9 case ( nightm>e1 #bhc4 ,vulture1 #aeh4 ,wagtail1 us$ 9 opprobri\s s5se1 #aeh4 ,wakes1 #cca4 ,walk+ fire1 "n = ignis fatuus1 #hf4 ,w&]+1 knight1 "n ( sun1 #fc2 />s1 #gh1 #gi4 ,w>-cry1 #edg4 ,w>d51 "n ( pe>1 #bce4 ,wasp1 #bfb4 ,wassail1 b[l1 #bje2 c&le1 #ccj4 ,wat1 "n = h>e1 #ahh4 ,wat]1 ca/+1 #bic2 galls1 "n = ra9b[1 #ia4 ,wax5 images1 us$ by wit*es1 #cg4 ,weasel1 consid]$ om9\s1 #bjj2 kept 9 h\ses1 #bjj2 said to be qu>relsome1 #bjj4 ,wea!rcocks1 #ajh4 ,web-&-p91 "n = cat>act1 #bfi4 ,w$d+-tor*1 #ceg4 ,7-wolf1 m>k (1 #ca4 ,we/w>d1 ho1 exclamation1 #eca4 ,:ale1 #ejd4 ,:eel1 puni%m5t (1 #dda4 ,:ipp+1 #ddb4 ,:i/l+ ( swan1 #aeg4 ,:ite dog-rose1 #bdj4 ,:itsun1 ale1 #cab2 my/]ies1 #caa4 ,:itsuntide1 #caj4 ,wild-goose *ase1 #aah4 ,w-o'-!-wisp1 #h1 #he4 ,w-)-a-wisp1 #hg4 ,will[1 symbol ( sadness1 #bde2 g>l&s made (1 #bde4 ,w9*e/]1 college1 cu/om at1 #chg2 goose1 #aai4 ,w9d1 wea!r-lore (1 #id2 sale (1 #cd4 ,w9d+-%eet1 #chj1 #eaf4 ,wisp1 puni%m5t = a scold1 #ddb4 ,wit*es1 9 ,macbe?1 #bg2 create /orms1 #cb2 draw+ blood f1 #cb2 propitiation (1 #cb2 p[]s limit$1 #ca2 h>ass horses1 #aij2 (fspr+ (1 #dj2 say _! pray]s backw>ds1 #dj2 sell or give w9ds1 #cd2 o9tm5t1 #cf2 int]c\rse betwe51 & demons1 #dj2 protection f1 #cb2 vani% at w1 #ce2 de/roy cattle1 #ci2 look into futurity1 #cf2 be>d1 *>act]i/ic (1 #bi2 trials1 #cf4 ,wit* ( ,br5t=d1 #bg4 ,wits1 ! five1 #dif4 ,woodcock1 appli$ to a fooli% p]son1 #aei4 ,worm1 a poor creature1 #bef2 "n = s]p5t1 #bed2 too?a*e1 said to be caus$ by1 #bij4 ,wormwood us$ 9 wean+1 #bdf4 ,wr51 its dim9utiv5ess1 #afj4 ,wre/l+1 #dbb4 ,yew1 plant$ 9 *ur*y>ds1 #bdg2 /uck 9 %r\d1 #bgd1 #chj2 poison\s qualities1 #bdh4 ,,! ,,end4 ,,engli% ,,classics4 ,,edit$ ,,by ,,wm4 ,j4 ,,rolfe1 ,a4,m4 ,illu/rat$4 #afmo1 ,clo?1 #ef c5ts p] vol42 ,pap]1 #dj c5ts p] vol4 ,?is "w has be5 done s well t x c\ld h>dly h be5 done bett]4 ,x %[s ?r\gh\t k1 ta/e1 discrim9at+ judgm5t1 &1 :at is r>] & ( yet high] value1 a sympa!tic appreciation ( ! poet's moods & purposes4 99 99 99 ,! peculi>ities ( ,%akespe>e's /yle are po9t$ out & elucidat$2 8 allusions are expla9$2 8 s+ul> use ( words1 & moods & t5ses & cases1 is rem>k$ ^u2 & ! ar*aic & transitional phraseology :i* is f\nd 9 _m passages ( 8 plays are made ! occasion ( in/ructive b unp$antic comm5t4--,n4 ,y4 ,times4 ,,%akespe>e',s ,,works4 ,,o!llo4 ,,julius ,c,,s>4 ,,! ,,m]*ant ,,( ,,v5ice4 ,,midsumm]-,,night',s ,,dream4 ,,macbe?4 ,,hamlet4 ,,mu* ,,ado ,,ab\t ,,no?+4 ,,romeo ,,& ,,juliet4 ,,z ,,y ,,l ,,x4 ,,! ,,tempe/4 ,,twelf? ,,night4 ,,! ,,w9t]',s ,,tale4 ,,k+ ,,john4 ,,ri*>d ,,ii4 ,,h5ry ,,iv4 ,,"p ,i4 ,,h5ry ,,iv4 ,,"p ,,ii4 ,,h5ry ,v4 ,,ri*>d ,,iii4 ,,h5ry ,,viii4 ,,k+ ,,le>4 ,,! ,,tam+ ,,( ,,! ,,%rew4 ,,all',s ,,well ,,t ,,ends ,,well4 ,,coriolanus4 ,,! ,,com$y ,,( ,,errors4 ,,cymbel9e4 ,,antony ,,& ,,cleopatra4 ,,measure ,,= ,,measure4 ,,m]ry ,,wives ,,( ,,w9dsor4 ,,love',s ,,lab\r',s ,,lo/4 ,,two ,,g5tlem5 ,,( ,,v]ona4 ,,timon ,,( ,,a!ns4 ,,troilus ,,& ,,cressida4 ,,h5ry ,,vi4 ,,"p ,i4 ,,h5ry ,,vi4 ,,"p ,,ii4 ,,h5ry ,,vi4 ,,"p ,,iii4 ,,p]icles1 ,,pr9ce ,,( ,,tyre4 ,,! ,,two ,,noble ,,k9sm54 ,,poems4 ,,sonnets4 ,,titus ,,&ronicus4 ,,goldsmi?',s ,,select ,,poems4 ,,gray',s ,,select ,,poems4 ,,engli% ,,m5 ,,( ,,lett]s4 ,,edit$ ,,by ,,john ,,morley4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #ge c5ts p] volume4 ,,samuel ,,johnson ,by ,,leslie ,,/eph54 ,,edw>d ,,gibbon ,by ,j4 ,c4 ,,morison4 ,,sir ,,walt] ,,scott ,by ,r4 ,h4 ,,hutton4 ,,p]cy ,,bys%e ,,%elley ,by ,j4 ,a4 ,,symonds4 ,,david ,,hume ,by ,t4 ,h4 ,,huxley4 ,,oliv] ,,goldsmi? ,by ,,william ,,black4 ,,daniel ,,defoe ,by ,,william ,,m9to4 ,,rob]t ,,burns ,by ,j4 ,c4 ,,%airp4 ,,edmund ,,sp5s] ,by ,r4 ,w4 ,,*ur*4 ,,william ,m4 ,,?ack]ay ,by ,,an?ony ,,trollope4 ,,edmund ,,burke ,by ,,john ,,morley4 ,,john ,,milton ,by ,,m>k ,,pattison4 ,,na?aniel ,,haw?orne ,by ,,h5ry ,,james1 ,,jr4 ,,rob]t ,,s\!y ,by ,e4 ,,d[d54 ,,ge(frey ,,*auc] ,by ,a4 ,w4 ,,w>d4 ,,john ,,bunyan ,by ,j4 ,a4 ,,fr\de4 ,,william ,,c[p] ,by ,,goldw9 ,,smi?4 ,,alex&] ,,pope ,by ,,leslie ,,/eph54 ,,"l ,,byron ,by ,,john ,,ni*ol4 ,,john ,,locke ,by ,,?omas ,,f[l]4 ,,william ,,wordswor? ,by ,f4 ,w4 ,h4 ,,my]s4 ,,john ,,dryd5 ,by ,g4 ,,sa9tsbury4 ,,walt] ,,savage ,,l&or ,by ,,sidney ,,colv94 ,,?omas ,,de ,,qu9cey ,by ,,david ,,masson4 ,,*>les ,,lamb ,by ,,alfr$ ,,a+]4 ,,ri*>d ,,b5tley ,by ,r4 ,c4 ,,jebb4 ,,*>les ,,dick5s ,by ,a4 ,w4 ,,w>d4 ,,?omas ,,gray ,by ,e4 ,w4 ,,gosse4 ,,jona?an ,,swift ,by ,,leslie ,,/eph54 ,,laur5ce ,,/]ne ,by ,h4 ,d4 ,,traill4 ,,?omas ,b4 ,,macaulay ,by ,j4 ,,cott] ,,morison4 ,,h5ry ,,field+ ,by ,,au/9 ,,dobson4 ,,ri*>d ,,br9sley ,,%]idan ,by ,,mrs4 ,,oliphant4 ,o!rs to foll[4 ,,books ,,= ,,/ud5ts ,,( ,,engli% ,,lit]ature4 ,,d[d5',s ,,%aksp]e4 ,%aksp]e4 ,a ,critical ,/udy ( 8 ,m9d & ,art4 ,by ,,edw>d ,,d[d54 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #a4ge4 ,,guizot',s ,,%akspe>e4 ,%akspe>e & 8 ,times4 ,by ,m4 ,,guizot4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #a4ej4 ,,p]ry',s ,,engli% ,,lit]ature4 ,engli% ,lit]ature 9 ! ,eighte5? ,c5tury4 ,by ,,?omas ,,s]geant ,,p]ry4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #b4jj4 ,,sw9ton',s ,,/udies ,,9 ,,engli% ,,lit]ature1 ,be+ ,typical ,selections ( ,briti% & ,am]ican ,au?or%ip1 f ,%akespe>e to ! ,pres5t ,"t2 toge!r ) ,def9itions1 ,notes1 ,analyses1 & ,gloss>y1 z an aid to ,sy/ematic ,lit]>y ,/udy4 ,by ,,william ,,sw9ton4 ,) ,portraits4 ,cr[n #hvo1 ,clo?1 #a4ej4 ,,bayne',s ,,lessons ,,f ,,my ,,ma/]s3 ,c>lyle1 ,t5nyson1 & ,rusk94 ,by ,,pet] ,,bayne1 ,m4,a41 ,,ll4,d4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #a4ge4 ,,de%l]',s ,,aft]noons ,,) ,,! ,,poets4 ,aft]noons ) ! ,poets4 ,by ,c4 ,d4 ,,de%l]4 ,po/ #hvo1 ,clo?1 #a4ge4 ,,h[itt',s ,,homes ,,& ,,haunts ,,( ,,! ,,briti% ,,poets4 ,by ,,william ,,h[itt4 ,illu/rat$4 #b vols41 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #c4ej4 ,d',,israeli',s ,,am5ities ,,( ,,lit]ature4 ,consi/+ ( ,sket*es & ,*>act]s ( ,engli% ,lit]ature4 ,by ,j4 ,d',,israeli1 ,d4,c4,l41 ,f4,s4,a4 #b vols41 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #b4ej4 ,,t5nyson',s ,,poetical ,,works4 ,complete ,edition1 ) ,! ,idyls ( ! ,k+ arrang$ 9 ord]4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations & ,?ree ,*>act]i/ic ,portraits4 #hvo1 ,pap]1 #a1jj2 ,clo?1 #a4ej4 ,,prim]s ,,( ,,engli% ,,lit]ature3 ,! ,romance ,p]iod4--,! ,classical ,p]iod4--,mod]n ,p]iod4 ,by ,,eug5e ,,lawr5ce4 #c vols41 #cbmo1 ,pap]1 #be c5ts ea*2 ,clo?1 #dj c5ts ea*4 ,,miss ,,mit=d',s ,,recollections4 ,recollections ( a ,lit]>y ,life2 or1 ,books1 ,places1 & ,p4 ,by ,,m>y ,,russell ,,mit=d4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #a4ej4 ,,! ,,fri5d%ips ,,( ,,miss ,,mit=d1 z ,record$ 9 ,lett]s f h] ,lit]>y ,correspond5ts4 ,edit$ by ! ,rev4 ,a4 ,g4 ,l',,e/range4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #b4jj2 #dto1 ,pap]1 #be c5ts4 ,,lambs' ,,tales ,,f ,,%akespe>e4 ,9 #b vols4 ,vol4 ,i4 ,com$ies4 ,vol4 ,,ii4 ,trag$ies4 ,by ,,*>les & ,,m>y ,,lamb4 #cbmo1 ,pap]1 #be c5ts ea*2 ,clo?1 #dj c5ts ea*4 ,,macaulay',s ,,life ,,& ,,lett]s4 ,by 8 ,nephew1 ,,george ,,otto ,,trevelyan1 ,m4,p4 ,) ,portrait on ,/eel4 ,complete 9 #b vols41 #hvo1 ,clo?4 ,uncut ,edges & ,gilt ,tops1 #e4jj2 ,%eep1 #f4jj2 ,half ,calf1 #i4ej4 ,popul> ,edition1 #a vol41 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #a4ge4 ,,fr\de',s ,,c>lyle4 ,?omas ,c>lyle4 ,a ,hi/ory ( ! ,fir/ ,=ty ,ye>s ( 8 ,life 7#agie-ahce74 ,by ,,james ,,an?ony ,,fr\de1 ,m4,a4 ,) ,portraits & ,illu/rations4 #b volumes 9 "o1 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #a4jj4 ,also1 9 #b vols41 #dto1 ,pap]1 #ae c5ts p] volume4 ,h>p]'s ,cyclopdia ( ,briti% & ,am]ican ,poetry4 ,cyclopdia ( ,briti% & ,am]ican ,poetry4 ,edit$ by ,,epes ,,s>g5t4 ,l>ge #hvo1 ne>ly #ajjj pages2 ,conta9+ ne>ly #bjjj ,selections f ov] #gej ,au?ors2 ,arrang$ ,*ronologically3 ) a ,biographical ,sket*1 & a ,critical ,e/imate ( ea* ,au?or4 ,illum9at$ ,clo?1 ) ,color$ ,edges1 #d4ej2 ,half ,lea!r1 #e4jj4 ,mr4 ,s>g5t has %[n ! k & ! skill t might h be5 expect$ f s well-read & s accompli%$ a writ]2 he has %[n a ca?olicity z well z a sur5ess ( ta/e2 he has proce$$ on :at seems to me ! true pr9ciple ( arrangem5t1 t ( *ronology2 he has made 8 selections z full z he c\ld consi/5tly ) ! multitude to be select$ f1 nei!r reject+ old ones because !y 7 old1 nor accept+ new ones because !y 7 new1 b e>ne/ly aim+ 9 bo? cases to repres5t ! great body ( ,briti% & ,am]ican poets at _! be/1 & _! be/ only2 & he has felt ! natural dem& ( its read]s = in=mation conc]n+ x & its au?ors--an imp]ative dem& :i* he has fulfill$ ) a ?or\ghness t is honorable to 8 s*ol>%ip1 & ) a mode/y t is honorable to 8 g5ius4 ,t su* a "w z ?is might h be5 done diff]5tly ,i c see2 t x c\ld h be5 done bett] ,i d n see at all4--,r4 ,h4 ,,/odd>d1 9 ,! ,critic1 ,n4 ,y4 ,! special value ( ?is collection is 9 ! fact t x expresses ! ta/e & feel+ ( "o ( ! mo/ cultur$ m5 ( ?is g5]ation1 :o1 ) a poet's s5sibility1 sp5t 8 :ole life 9 ! companion%ip & atmosph]e ( books & au?ors4 ,8 judgm5t c\ld be tru/$4 ,8 ta/e 0 almo/ un]r+ 9 lit]>y matt]s4 ,8 criticism 0 z ke5 z x 0 g5ial1 & seem$ to detect ! faulty & ! false almo/ by in/9ct4 ,x is a great privilege to h su* a man's selection ( ! poems 9 ! ,engli% language wor? pres]v+4 ,mr4 ,s>g5t's "w des]ves special comm5dation = ! exquisite ju/ice x does to liv+ writ]s b little kn[n4 ,x is a volume ( r>e & preci\s fl[]s1 cull$ because ( _! intr9sic value1 )\t reg>d to ! writ]s' fame4--,ev5+ ,express1 ,n4 ,y4 ,mr4 ,s>g5t 0 em95tly fitt$ = ! prep>ation ( a "w ( ?is k9d4 ,few m5 possess$ a wid] or m pr(\nd k ( ,engli% lit]ature2 & 8 judgm5t 0 cle>1 acute1 & discrim9at+4 99 99 99 ,! beautiful typography & o!r ext]ior *>ms broadly h9t at ! ri* fea/ ( in/ruction & enjoym5t :i* ! sup]b volume is em95tly fitt$ to furni%4--,n4 ,y4 ,times4 ,we comm5d x highly4 ,x conta9s s _m ( ! notable poems ( our language1 & s mu* t is s\nd poetry1 if n notable1 t x w make itself a pleasure :]ev] x is f\nd4--,n4 ,y4 ,h]ald4 ,a h&some volume1 :i* w give ! pure/ pleasure to great numb]s ( he>ts & h\seholds4 99 99 99 ,mo/ read]s w f9d _! favorite poems1 & selections f _! favorite poets4 99 99 99 ,z a cyclopdia = ref]5ce1 & a volume = g5]al read+1 x is bo? useful & delightful4--,obs]v]1 ,n4 ,y4 ,we consid] ,mr4 ,s>g5t's ,cyclopdia ( ,briti% & ,am]ican ,poetry ! be/ ( all su* cyclopdias 9 exi/5ce4--,buffalo ,express4 ,a poet himself ( no mean reputation1 & a man ( l>ge exp]i5ce & excell5t ta/e 9 lit]ature1 he possess$ j ! qualities requisite = ! difficult task ( sift+ ! great mass ( ,briti% & ,am]ican poetry1 & select+ n only ! poems :i* 7 good 9 !mselves1 b ^? :i* mo/ fairly repres5t ! g5ius & /yle ( ! sev]al au?ors1 & /ill keep ! book d[n to reasonable proportions4 ,8 biographical sket*es ( ! poets are admirable1 giv+ j ! in=mation a read] c>es =4 ,we ?9k ,mr4 ,s>g5t's "w is ev5 bett] ?an ,mr4 ,bryant's1 & t is ( itself no small praise4--,troy ,press4 ,we h 9 ?is volume ! *oice/ f :at w\ld fill _m libr>y %elves1 & also1 at h& "h1 _m fragm5t>y pieces1 famili> favorites1 b su* z o!rwise we %\ld n "k :]e to f9d :5 want$4--,! ,advance1 ,*icago4 ,! selections are s judici\sly made & s h&somely clo!d t ! public _c fail to be grateful1 bo? = ! skill ( ! editor & ! ta/e ( ! publi%]s4--,*ri/ian ,advocate1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,publi%$ ,,by ,,h>p] ,,bro!rs1 ,,new ,,york4 ,,h>p] ,,bro!rs w s5d ! above "w by mail1 po/age prepaid1 to any "p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 on receipt ( ! price4 ,,transcrib]',s ,,notes ,obvi\s punctuation & pr9t]'s errors h be5 correct$4 ,see bel[ = ! detail$ li/4 page #f--typo fix$3 *ang$ 'fee*e' to 'fec*e' page #dg--spell+ normaliz$3 *ang$ 'wide-spread' to 'widespread' page #ed--typo fix$3 *ang$ ',london' to ',l\dun' page #ib--spell+ normaliz$3 *ang$ '?und]bolt' to '?und]-bolt' page #abi--spell+ normaliz$3 'sp>r[hawk' *ang$ to 'sp>r[-hawk' page #ach--spell+ normaliz$3 *ang$ 'gl[worm' to 'gl[-worm' page #ahb--typo fix$3 *ang$ ',georgic' to ',georgics' page #ahi--spell+ normaliz$3 *ang$ 'h$gepig' to 'h$ge-pig' page #bja--typo fix$3 *ang$ ',biesly' to ',beisly' page #bjb--typo fix$3 *ang$ ',georgic' to ',georgics' page #bac--typo fix$3 *ang$ ',biesly' to ',beisly' page #caf--spell+ normaliz$3 *ang$ 'm]rymak+s' to 'm]ry-mak+s' page #cbg--spell+ normaliz$3 *ang$ ',"l-,mayor's ,day' to ',"l ,mayor's ,day' page #cec--typo fix$3 *ang$ ',jeaff]son' to ',jeaffreson' page #cid--typo fix$3 *ang$ ',skakespe>e' to ',%akespe>e' page #cii--spell+ normaliz$3 *ang$ ',"o-& ,?irty' to ',"o-&-,?irty' page #dhf--typo fix$3 *ang$ ',ceila' to ',celia' page #edb--typo fix$3 *ang$ ',%akepe>e' to ',%akespe>e' page #edh--spell+ normaliz$3 *ang$ ',leet-,ale' to ',leet ,ale' page #edi--typo fix$3 *ang$ ',belemite' to ',belemnite' page #edi--spell+ normaliz$3 *ang$ ',bl9dworm' to ',bl9d-worm' page #eeb--spell+ normaliz$3 *ang$ ',foot-ball' to ',football' page #eeb--spell+ normaliz$3 *ang$ ',gadfly' to ',gad-fly' page #eed--spell+ normaliz$3 *ang$ ',maypole' to ',may-pole'