,,! ,,plants ,,( ,,mi*igan ,,simple ,,keys ,,= ,,! ,,id5tification ,,( ,,! ,,native ,,se$ ,,plants ,,( ,,! ,,/ate ,by ,,h5ry ,,allan ,,gleason1 ,ph4 ,d4 ,associate ,pr(essor ( ,botany & ,director ( ! ,botanical ,g>d5s & ,arboretum 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,mi*igan #aiah ,,copyright1 #aiah ,,george ,,wahr ,,publi%$ ,,by ,,george ,,wahr ,,ann ,,arbor ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,,! ,,ann ,,arbor ,,press ,,preface ,?is book is n int5d$ = ! exp]t botani/4 ,he %\ld consult "o ( ! regul> ,manuals :i* give full descriptions ( ea* species ( plant4 ,nei!r is x int5d$ = ! m]ely curi\s4 ,only ^? :o h suffici5t int]e/ 9 a plant to obs]ve x c f9d its "n by ?is book4 ,fur!rmore1 x is n a textbook4 ,x does n attempt to convey botanical in=mation1 b (f]s m]ely an opportunity to le>n ! names ( plants4 ,its mission is fully accompli%$ if1 ?r\gh its use1 /ud5ts1 vacationi/s1 & plant-lov]s 9 g5]al are able to recognize by "n ! plants ab\t !m4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,use ,,! ,,book ,"o recognizes a plant by ! pres5ce ( /ructural features peculi> to itself1 & n f\nd on any o!r k9d ( plant4 ,9 su* a book z ?is1 ^! *>act]s are giv5 "o or a few at a "t1 & contra/$ ) ! *>act]s :i* o!r sorts ( plants possess4 ,su* a pres5tation is call$ a ,key1 & by its prop] use ! "n may be le>n$ ( any plant consid]$ 9 x4 ,?is process is call$ ,id5tification4 ,keys are con/ruct$ 9 sev]al diff]5t ways1 al?\gh ! pr9ciple ( all is ! same4 ,9 ?is book1 ! us] w beg9 ) l9es #a;a & #a;b on ! page head$ ,key to ! ,gr\ps4 ,ea* ( ^! l9es includes "s descriptive matt]1 b only "o ( !m c apply to ! plant be+ id5tifi$4 ,= example1 if ! plant to be id5tifi$ is an ,oak1 l9e #a;a w apply p]fectly1 & ! same l9e w also apply to any o!r k9d ( tree or to any %rub4 ,b if ! plant is a ,violet1 a ,butt]cup1 or any o!r h]b1 l9e #a;b agrees & l9e #a;a w n apply4 ,at ! end ( ea* l9e is a ref]5ce to be consult$ next4 ,if ! plant is a tree or %rub1 "o turns accord+ly to ,gr\p #a1 on page ix1 & beg9s aga9 at ! fir/ numb] giv54 ,if ! plant is an h]b1 he foll[s ! ref]5ce to l9e #b1 j bel[1 & aga9 comp>es ! plants ) l9es #b;a & #b;b4 ,"u e numb] at lea/ two l9es ( description are giv51 designat$ a & b1 & "u a few numb]s additional l9es appe>1 designat$ c1 d1 etc4 ,9 e case1 ! us] ( ! key w select f ! diff]5t l9es "u ! same numb] t p>ticul> l9e :i* agrees ) ! /ructure ( ! plant1 & foll[ up ! ref]5ce giv5 at ! end ( t l9e4 ,ev5tually "o f9ds at ! end ( a l9e1 in/ead ( a numb]1 ! "n ( a family ( plants1 to :i* ?is p>ticul> plant belongs1 & !n turns ov] to ! page :]e ?is family is treat$4 ,"u ea* family is a simil> key1 to be foll[$ 9 exactly ! same way1 until f9ally "o f9ds in/ead ( a numb] ! common "n & ! sci5tific "n ( ! plant 9 h&4 ,! process ( id5tification is n[ complet$1 & ! /ud5t has f\nd ! "n ( ! plant4 ,9 "s cases1 a ref]5ce is made 9 ! key to a p>ticul> portion ( ! family key4 ,"o !n turns directly to ?is p>ticul> numb] 9 ! family key1 & cont9ues 8 id5tification 9 ! usual way4 ,z a def9ite example ( ! use ( ! key1 suppose t "o has 9 h& a bran* ( ! ,:ite ,oak1 & t he does n "k its "n4 ,to det]m9e its "n1 he w trace x ?r\gh ! foll[+ /eps 9 ! key4 ,"u ! ,key to ! ,gr\ps1 x agrees ) l9e #a;a1 :i* ref]s to ,gr\p #a1 ,woody ,plants4 ,"u ?is gr\p x agrees 9 /ructure ) l9e #a;a1 :i* ref]s to #b2 ) l9e #b;b1 ref]r+ to #ba2 ) l9e #ba;b1 ref]r+ to #bb2 ) #bb;b1 ref]r+ to #bi2 ) #bi;b1 ref]r+ to #cb2 ) #cb;c1 ref]r+ to #dg2 ) #dg;b1 ref]r+ to #dh2 ) #dh;b1 ref]r+ to #ea2 ) #ea;b1 ref]r+ to numb] #a;b 9 ! ,bee* ,family4 ,turn+ to ! prop] numb] 9 ?is family1 ! plant is ref]r$ to l9e #c2 x agrees ) l9e #c;c1 ref]r+ to #aj2 ) #aj;a1 ref]r+ to #aa2 & ) #aa;b1 :i* gives ! "n ( ! plant4 ,:ite ,oak1 ,qu]cus alba4 ,z a second example1 suppose "o has a common yell[-fl[]$ plant bloom+ on lawns & roadsides 9 spr+4 ,"u ! ,key to ! ,gr\ps1 x agrees ) #a;b1 ref]r+ to #b2 ) #b;b1 ref]r+ to #c2 & its net-ve9$ leaves place x 9 #c;b1 ref]r+ to ,gr\p #d1 ,dicotyl$ones4 ,"u ?is gr\p1 its basal leaves place x 9 #a;b1 ref]r+ to #b2 its simple leaves 9 #b;b1 ref]r+ to #ah2 ! abs5ce ( /em-leaves places x 9 #ah;b1 ref]r+ to #bc2 its solit>y fl[]s on ea* fl[]-/alk place x 9 #bc;b1 ref]r+ to #bd2 its yell[ fl[]s agree ) #bd;a1 ref]r+ to #be2 & its milky juice ref]s ! plant to numb] #af1 9 ! ,composite ,family4 ,9 ! key to ?is family1 its lob$ leaves agree ) #af;b1 ref]r+ on to #ag2 its l>ge fl[]s ) #ag;b1 giv+ "o ! common "n ,d&elion1 & ref]r+ on to #ah to det]m9e :i* k9d ( ,d&elion ! plant may be4 ,at "s po9t 9 ! key !re w be f\nd = ea* plant a /atem5t 9 p>5!ses4 ,?is is g5]al in=mation conc]n+ ! height ( ! plant1 ! color ( ! fl[]s1 or ! season ( bloom4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! height ( plants is subject to great v>iation2 t mo/ plants h :ite-fl[]$ v>ieties2 & t ! mon? ( bloom dep5ds l>gely on ! latitude & ! climate4 ,!re=e ?is g5]al in=mation %\ld n be us$ z means ( di/+ui%+ species4 ,! names ( plants4 ,ea* plant be>s a sci5tific "n4 ,?is is compos$ ( two p>ts & is usually ( ,lat9 or ,greek d]ivation4 ,9 "s cases ^! names are tak5 directly f ! ,lat9 language1 z ,qu]cus1 ! ,oak1 or ,ac]1 ! ,maple4 ,9 o!r cases ! "n may indicate "s *>act]i/ic feature ( ! plant1 z ,polygonum1 _m jo9ts1 = ! ,knotwe$1 or ,ammophila1 s&-lov+1 = ! ,bea* ,grass4 ,an ,engli% "n is also giv5 = almo/ e k9d ( plant4 ,9 a few cases !re is no accept$ ,engli% "n1 & none has be5 giv54 ,9 _m cases ! same ,engli% "n applies to sev]al k9ds ( plants & has be5 repeat$ = ea*4 ,:5 ?is is s1 ! common "n is giv5 9 ! key 9 p>5!ses be=e ! sci5tific "n is rea*$4 ,?us1 if "o is satisfi$ to "k m]ely t 8 plant is a d&elion1 he le>ns x 9 l9e #ag;b ( ! key to ! ,composite ,family1 b to discov] :i* k9d ( a d&elion he has1 he mu/ foll[ ?r\gh ! key & use ! sci5tific "n4 ,!re is 9 ?is book1 !re=e1 no necessity ( le>n+ or us+ sci5tific names4 ,! less critical may be satisfi$ ) an ,engli% "n1 & o!rs may use ! sci5tific names z !y see fit4 ,possible ,errors4 ,9 us+ ?is book1 c>e mu/ be tak5 to comp>e all ! l9es "u ea* numb] ) ! plant1 & to use judgm5t 9 select+ ! "r "o4 ,:ile faulty obs]vation or poor judgm5t may lead to error1 a mi/ake is usually due to c>elessness 9 n foll[+ correctly ! ref]5ce at ! end ( ! l9e *os54 ,if "o rea*es a numb] 9 :i* none ( ! l9es ( description agrees ) ! plant1 x is v probable t he has made a mi/ake at an e>li] /age ( ! id5tification1 & he %\ld !n beg9 anew4 ,x has be5 ! int5tion ( ! au?or to make ! key z ne>ly z possible pro( aga9/ errors ( judgm5t4 ,= example1 ! ,indian ,turnip may be s\ght "u ei!r ,gr\p #c or ,gr\p #d2 ! ,matrimony ,v9e may be id5tifi$ ei!r z a %rub or z an h]b1 & num]\s o!r simil> examples may be discov]$4 ,botanical ,in=mation ,ne$$4 ,x is presum$ t ^? us+ ! book w be famili> ) ! p>ts ( ! fl[] & ) ! common] descriptive t]ms appli$ to leaves4 ,unusual t]ms h be5 avoid$ z f> z possible1 b ^? :i* d occur1 z well z ! simpl] ones1 are expla9$ 9 ! gloss>y4 ,9 g5]al1 only ^? *>act]s h be5 us$ 9 ! keys :i* c be obs]v$ )\t a magnify+ glass & )\t dissection ( ! fl[]4 ,9 sev]al gr\ps ( plants1 ref]5ce is made to ! full] descriptions to be f\nd 9 ! ,manuals4 ,! /&>d manuals = ,mi*igan are ,gray's ,new ,manual ( ,botany1 #g? edition 7,am]ican ,book ,company1 #b4ej71 & ,britton & ,br[n1 ,illu/rat$ ,flora ( ! ,nor!rn ,/ates & ,canada 7,*as4 ,scribn]'s ,sons1 #ac4ej74 ,^! books may be consult$ 9 mo/ s*ool or public libr>ies4 ,all dim5sions are express$ 9 ! metric sy/em4 ,= conv5i5ce1 x may be /at$ t #be millimet]s 7mm47 are ab\t equal to "o in*2 #a c5timet] 7cm47 to two-fif?s ( an in*2 #a decimet] 7dm47 to #d in*es2 & #a met] 7m47 is a little m ?an #c feet4 ,,key ,,to ,,gr\ps #a;a4 ,trees1 %rubs1 or woody climb]s1 ) /ems :i* la/ f ye> to ye> ,gr\p #a1 ,,woody ,,plants1 p4 ix4 #a;b4 ,h]bace\s plants1 ) /ems :i* live above gr\nd only a s+le season --#b4 #b;a4 ,plants ) unusual habits or /ructures1 includ+ leafless1 colorless1 subm]g$1 float+1 p>asitic1 or holl[-leav$ plants ,gr\p #b1 ,,unusual ,,plants1 p4 xxiii4 #b;b4 ,ord9>y t]re/rial or swamp plants1 )\t unusual /ructural peculi>ities --#c4 #c;a4 ,leaves p>allel-ve9$ 7or net-ve9$ 9 a few species72 p>ts ( ! fl[] usually 9 ?rees or sixes1 nev] 9 fives2 wood-fib]s scatt]$ ?r\gh ! /em2 se$ ) "o cotyl$on4 ,all plants ) def9itely p>allel-ve9$ leaves may be id5tifi$ ?r\gh ?is division1 unless ! p>ts ( ! fl[] are di/9ctly 9 fives4 ,gr\p #c1 ,,monocotyl$ones1 p4 xxvii4 #c;b4 ,leaves net-ve9$ 7or p>allel-ve9$ 9 a few species72 p>ts ( ! fl[] usually 9 f\rs or fives2 wood-fib]s arrang$ 9 a circle 9 ! /em2 se$s ) two cotyl$ons4 ,all plants ) def9itely net-ve9$ leaves may be id5tifi$ ?r\gh ?is division4 ,gr\p #d1 ,,dicotyl$ones1 p4 xxx4 ,note3--,9 ord] to avoid possible *ances ( error1 _m plants h be5 treat$ "u bo? ( ! above gr\ps4 ,! foll[+ h9ts may also be useful 9 di/+ui%+ ,gr\ps #c & #d3 ,all h]bace\s plants ) deeply lob$1 dissect$ or comp\nd leaves may be s\ght "u ! ,dicotyl$ones4 ,all h]bace\s plants ) five /am5s 9 ea* fl[]1 or ) sev5 or m /am5s & "o ov>y 9 ea* fl[]1 may be s\ght "u ,dicotyl$ones4 ,,gr\p #a1 ,,woody ,,plants #a;a4 ,trees1 ) erect /em & c5tral trunk1 atta9+ a height ( #f m4 7#bj ft47 or m --#b4 #a;b4 ,%rubs or woody v9es1 )\t true tree habit1 or atta9+ heights ( less ?an #f m4 7#bj ft47 --#eb4 #b;a4 ,key = use 9 e>lie/ spr+1 = trees :i* h fl[]s b no leaves --#c4 #b;b4 ,key = use ) trees be>+ leaves --#ba4 #c;a4 ,fl[]s 9 catk9s1 )\t brightly color$ or petal-l p>ts --#d4 #c;b4 ,fl[]s n 9 catk9s1 ei!r ) or )\t petals --#ad4 #d;a4 ,leaf-sc>s & lat]al buds #b-rank$1 i4 e41 9 two longitud9al r[s ) ! ?ird leaf above ! fir/ --#e4 #d;b4 ,leaf-sc>s & buds 9 ?ree or m longitud9al r[s --#i4 #e;a4 ,f #a to #c bud-scales visible on ea* leaf-bud #b;b1 9 ,,fagaceae1 p4 #bb4 #e;b4 ,f #d to #g bud-scales visible on ea* leaf-bud --#f4 #e;c4 ,f #h to #bj bud-scales visible on ea* leaf-bud2 buds long & sl5d]2 b>k ( ! trunk smoo? --#h4 #f;a4 ,bundle-sc>s #e or m #b;b1 9 ,,urticaceae1 p4 #bc4 #f;b4 ,bundle-sc>s #c --#g4 #g;a4 ,twigs be>+ num]\s dw>f bran*es ?ickly cov]$ ) cr[d$ leaf-sc>s 7,bir*7 ,,betulaceae1 p4 #ba4 #g;b4 ,twigs )\t dw>f bran*es 7,ironwood7 #i;a1 9 ,,betulaceae1 p4 #bb4 #h;a4 ,trunk cyl9drical or ne>ly s #b;a1 9 ,,fagaceae1 p4 #bb4 #h;b4 ,trunk prom95tly flut$ ) longitud9al ridges #a;b1 9 ,,betulaceae1 p4 #ba4 #i;a4 ,bundle-sc>s #c 9 ea* leaf-sc> --#aj4 #i;b4 ,bundle sc>s m ?an #c 9 ea* leaf-sc> --#ab4 #aj;a4 ,pi? divid$ into sep>ate cavities by transv]se p>titions #a;a1 9 ,,jugl&aceae1 p4 #ba4 #aj;b4 ,pi? n p>tition$ --#aa4 #aa;a4 ,buds small1 ) only "o ext]nal bud-scale #a;b1 9 ,,salicaceae1 p4 #ai4 #aa;b4 ,buds ) m ?an "o out] bud-scale #a;a1 9 ,,salicaceae1 p4 #ai4 #ab;a4 ,buds clu/]$ ne> ! tips ( ! twigs #a;b1 9 ,,fagaceae1 p4 #bb4 #ab;b4 ,buds n clu/]$ at ! tips ( ! twigs --#ac4 #ac;a4 ,buds ) ab\t #c visible bud-scales #b;b1 9 ,,fagaceae1 p4 #bb4 #ac;b4 ,t]m9al bud l>ge1 ) #d or m visible bud-scales #a;b1 9 ,,jugl&aceae1 p4 #ba4 #ad;a4 ,fl[]s conspicu\s1 brightly color$1 at lea/ #h mm4 wide4 ) bo? calyx & corolla --#ae4 #ad;b4 ,fl[]s inconspicu\s1 seldom brightly color$1 & !n less ?an #h mm4 wide --#ag4 #ae;a4 ,fl[]s irregul>1 p9k or r$ #c;a1 9 ,,legum9osae1 p4 #eh4 #ae;b4 ,fl[]s regul>1 :ite --#af4 #af;a4 ,ov>y "o1 sup]ior1 9 ! c5t] ( ! fl[] #cb;b1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ed4 #af;b4 ,ov>y inf]ior1 appe>+ z a swell+ bel[ ! calyx at ! summit ( ! p$icel #db;b1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ee4 #ag;a4 ,leaf-sc>s & buds opposite --#ah4 #ag;b4 ,leaf-sc>s & buds alt]nate --#ai4 #ah;a4 ,bundle-sc> "o 9 ea* leaf-sc> #a;b1 9 ,,oleacae1 p4 #hh4 #ah;b4 ,bundle-sc>s #c or m 9 ea* leaf-sc> ,,ac]aceae1 p4 #gj4 #ai;a4 ,bundle-sc> #a 9 ea* leaf-sc> #a;b1 9 ,,lauraceae1 p4 #da4 #ai;b4 ,bundle-sc>s #c 9 ea* leaf-sc> --#bj4 #ai;c4 ,bundle-sc>s #e 9 ea* leaf-sc> #g;a1 9 ,,legum9osae1 p4 #eh4 #bj;a4 ,bran*es ?orny #e;a1 9 ,,legum9osae1 p4 #eh4 #bj;b4 ,bran*es n ?orny #c;a1 9 ,,urticaceae1 p4 #bd4 --#ba-- #ba;a4 ,leaves n>r[1 ne$le-l or scale-l2 trees mo/ly ev]gre5 ,,p9aceae1 p4 #a4 #ba;b4 ,leaves broad]1 flat1 nev] ne$le-l or scale-l1 fall+ 9 w9t] --#bb4 #bb;a4 ,leaves comp\nd --#bc4 #bb;b4 ,leaves simple --#bi4 #bc;a4 ,leaves opposite --#bd4 #bc;b4 ,leaves alt]nate --#bf4 #bd;a4 ,leaves palmately comp\nd ) #e-g leaflets ,,sap9daceae1 p4 #gj4 #bd;b4 ,leaves p9nately comp\nd --#be4 #be;a4 ,leaflets #c-e #a;a1 9 ,,ac]aceae1 p4 #gj4 #be;b4 ,leaflets #g-aa #a;b1 9 ,,oleaceae1 p4 #hh4 #bf;a4 ,/em or bran*es ?orny #d;a1 9 ,,legum9osae1 p4 #eh4 #bf;b4 ,/em or bran*es n ?orny --#bg4 #bg;a4 ,leaflets entire #g;a1 9 ,,legum9osae1 p4 #eh4 #bg;b4 ,leaflets entire except = a few l>ge gl&ul> tee? ne> _! base ,,sim>ubaceae1 p4 #fe4 #bg;c4 ,leaflets s]rate _! entire l5g? --#bh4 #bh;a4 ,upp] leaflets less ?an #be mm4 wide #d;b1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ea4 #bh;b4 ,upp] leaflets m ?an #be mm4 wide ,,jugl&aceae1 p4 #ba4 #bi;a4 ,leaves opposite --#cj4 #bi;b4 ,leaves alt]nate --#cb4 #cj;a4 ,leaves entire ,,cornaceae1 p4 #hc4 #cj;b4 ,leaves too!d or lob$1 n entire --#ca4 #ca;a4 ,leaves lob$ #a;b1 9 ,,ac]aceae1 p4 #gj4 #ca;b4 ,leaves m]ely too!d #bg;b1 9 ,,caprifoliaceae1 p4 #aaa4 #cb;a4 ,leaves entire --#cc4 #cb;b4 ,leaves too!d --#cf4 #cb;c4 ,leaves lob$ --#dg4 #cc;a4 ,leaves he>t-%ape #c;a1 9 ,,legum9osae1 p4 #eh4 #cc;b4 ,leaves n he>t-%ape --#cd4 #cd;a4 ,twigs & foliage spicy-aromatic #a;b1 9 ,,lauraceae1 p4 #da4 #cd;b4 ,twigs & foliage n aromatic --#ce4 #ce;a4 ,pi? #e-;angl$2 fruit an acorn #c;a1 9 ,,fagaceae1 p4 #bb4 #ce;b4 ,pi? n #e-;angl$2 fruit a b]ry #a;a1 9 ,,cornaceae1 p4 #hc4 #cf;a4 ,leaves oblique at base1 i4 e41 "o side ( ! leaf l>g] ?an ! o!r --#cg4 #cf;b4 ,leaves symmetrical1 n oblique at base --#ch4 #cg;a4 ,leaves he>t-%ape1 ab\t z broad z long ,,tiliaceae1 p4 #gb4 #cg;b4 ,leaves oval or ovate1 mu* long] ?an wide #a;a1 9 ,,urticaceae1 p4 #bc4 #ch;a4 ,/ems ?orny #da;b1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ed4 #ch;b4 ,/ems n ?orny --#ci4 #ci;a4 ,leaves f9ely too!d1 ) #c-_m tee? p] c5timet] ( m>g9 --#dj4 #ci;b4 ,leaves co>sely too!d1 ) #a-b tee? p] c5timet] ( m>g9 --#df4 #dj;a4 ,petioles lat]ally compress$ #b;a1 9 ,,salicaceae1 p4 #ai4 #dj;b4 ,petioles n compress$ --#da4 #da;a4 ,leaves1 or _m ( !m1 cr[d$ on %ort spur-l bran*es --#db4 #da;b4 ,leaves scatt]$1 n on %ort spur-l bran*es --#dc4 #db;a4 ,b>k ( ! trunks sep>at+ 9 ?9 pap]y or lea!ry %eets ,,betulaceae1 p4 #ba4 #db;b4 ,b>k ( ! trunk n pap]y or lea!ry #bd;b1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ec4 #dc;a4 ,lat]al leaf-ve9s /raight & p>allel1 & t]m9at+ 9 ! tee? ,,betulaceae1 p4 #ba4 #dc;b4 ,lat]al ve9s m or less curv$1 & n end+ 9 ! tee? --#dd4 #dd;a4 ,leaves palmately ve9$1 ab\t z broad z long2 juice some:at milky #b;b1 9 ,,urticaceae1 p4 #bc4 #dd;b4 ,leaves p9nately ve9$2 juice n milky --#de4 #de;a4 ,will[s1 ) sl5d] leaves & brittle twigs #h;a1 9 ,,salicaceae1 p4 #ai4 #de;b4 ,trees ) lanceolate1 ovate1 or oblong leaves & t\gh twigs #cj1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ed4 #de;c4 ,cottonwoods1 ) broad1 he>t-%ape or r\nd$ leaves #a;a1 9 ,,salicaceae1 p4 #ai4 #df;a4 ,petioles lat]ally compress$ #b;a1 9 ,,salicaceae1 p4 #ai4 #df;b4 ,petioles n compress$2 lat]al ve9s /raight & p>allel1 runn+ directly to ! tee? ,,fagaceae1 p4 #bb4 #dg;a4 ,/em ?orny #da;b1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ed4 #dg;b4 ,/em n ?orny --#dh4 #dh;a4 ,leaves palmately ve9$ --#di4 #dh;b4 ,leaves p9nately ve9$ --#ea4 #di;a4 ,lobes ( ! leaf entire #a;b1 9 ,,lauraceae1 p4 #da4 #di;b4 ,lobes ( ! leaf s]rate --#ej4 #ej;a4 ,juice some:at milky2 lat]al buds visible #b;b1 9 ,,urticaceae1 p4 #bc4 #ej;b4 ,juice n milky2 lat]al buds cov]$ by ! base ( ! petiole ,,platanaceae1 p4 #ea4 #ea;a4 ,leaves ) #d l>ge entire lobes2 /em m>k$ ) a r+ at ea* node ,,magnoliaceae1 p4 #dj4 #ea;b4 ,leaves ) _m lobes2 /em n r+$ #a;b1 9 ,,fagaceae1 p4 #bb4 --#eb-- #eb;a4 ,= specim5s be>+ leaves only --#ec4 #eb;b4 ,= specim5s be>+ fl[]s only --#adj4 #eb;c4 ,= specim5s ) bo? leaves & fl[]s --#aee4 #ec;a4 ,leaves n>r[1 ne$le-l or scale-l1 mo/ly ev]gre5 --#ed4 #ec;b4 ,leaves broad]1 flat or roll$1 b n ne$le-l or scale-l --#ef4 #ed;a4 ,foliage d5sely gray-pubesc5t2 l[ bu%y %rubs ) yell[ fl[]s #b;a1 9 ,,ci/aceae1 p4 #gd4 #ed;b4 ,foliage gre5 --#ee4 #ee;a4 ,leaves opposite or :orl$ ,,p9aceae1 p4 #a4 #ee;b4 ,leaves scatt]$ on ! /em ,,taxaceae1 p4 #b4 #ef;a4 ,tw9+ or climb+ v9es --#eg4 #ef;b4 ,n climb+ or tw9+ --#ff4 #eg;a4 ,?orny v9es --#eh4 #eg;b4 ,n ?orny --#fj4 #eh;a4 ,climb+ by t5drils at ! base ( ! leaves #d;b1 9 ,,liliaceae1 p4 #aa4 #eh;b4 ,t5drils none --#ei4 #ei;a4 ,leaves simple #e;a1 9 ,,solanaceae1 p4 #ajj4 #ei;b4 ,leaves comp\nd #h;a1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #eb4 #fj;a4 ,leaves comp\nd --#fa4 #fj;b4 ,leaves simple --#fc4 #fa;a4 ,leaves ) #e leaflets #a;a1 9 ,,vitaceae1 p4 #ga4 #fa;b4 ,leaves ) #c leaflets --#fb4 #fb;a4 ,plant climb+ by t5dril-l leaf-/alks #a;a1 9 ,,ranunculaceae1 p4 #ce4 #fb;b4 ,plant climb+ by hold-fa/ roots #e;b1 9 ,,anac>diaceae1 p4 #fi4 #fc;a4 ,leaves opposite #e;a1 9 ,,caprifoliaceae1 p4 #aaj4 #fc;b4 ,leaves alt]nate --#fd4 #fd;a4 ,plants climb+ by t5drils #a;b1 9 ,,vitaceae1 p4 #ga4 #fd;b4 ,tw9+ plants --#fe4 #fe;a4 ,leaves ovate-oblong1 atta*$ by ! base #a;a1 9 ,,cela/raceae1 p4 #fi4 #fe;b4 ,leaves almo/ r\nd1 peltate ne> ! edge ,,m5isp]maceae p4 #dj4 #ff;a4 ,leaves opposite --#fg4 #ff;b4 ,leaves alt]nate --#hd4 #fg;a4 ,leaves comp\nd --#fh4 #fg;b4 ,leaves simple --#fi4 #fh;a4 ,leaflets #c ,,/aphyleaceae1 p4 #fi4 #fh;b4 ,leaflets #g or m #a;a1 9 ,,caprifoliaceae1 p4 #aji4 #fi;a4 ,leaves palmately ve9$1 or at lea/ ) a pair ( prom95t lat]al ve9s f ! base --#gj4 #fi;b4 ,leaves p9nately ve9$ --#gb4 #gj;a4 ,leaves n lob$ #a;b1 9 ,,rhamnaceae1 p4 #ga4 #gj;b4 ,leaves m or less lob$ --#ga4 #ga;a4 ,leaves ) /ipules #bb;a1 9 ,,caprifoliaceae1 p4 #aaa4 #ga;b4 ,leaves )\t /ipules #b;a1 9 ,,ac]aceae1 p4 #gj4 #gb;a4 ,leaves s]rate --#gc4 #gb;b4 ,leaves entire --#gg4 #gc;a4 ,/em ?orny #a;b1 9 ,,rhamnaceae1 p4 #ga4 #gc;b4 ,/em n ?orny --#gd4 #gd;a4 ,b>k ( ! ripe twigs gre5 #a;b1 9 ,,cela/raceae1 p4 #fi4 #gd;b4 ,b>k ( ! ripe twigs br[n1 r$di%1 or gray --#ge4 #ge;a4 ,twigs ) a prom95t hairy ridge ext5d+ d[nw>d f ! middle ( ! l9e connect+ ! petiole bases #ac;a1 9 ,,caprifoliaceae1 p4 #aaj4 #ge;b4 ,twigs )\t any pubesc5t ridge --#gf4 #gf;a4 ,erect %rubs2 leaves obvi\sly too!d #aa;b1 9 ,,caprifoliaceae1 p4 #aaj4 #gf;b4 ,spread+ %rubs2 mo/ ( ! leaves entire1 & only "h & !re "s ) s]rate m>g9s #ah;b1 9 ,,caprifoliaceae1 p4 #aaj4 #gg;a4 ,leaves silv]y b5ea? ) a d5se coat+ ( scales ,,elaeagnaceae1 p4 #gg4 #gg;b4 ,leaves gre5 b5ea?1 or some:at hairy & light-color$ --#gh4 #gh;a4 ,aquatic plant ) lanceolate leaves1 & /ems b5d+ ov] & into ! wat] #a;a1 9 ,,ly?raceae1 p4 #gg4 #gh;b4 ,n truly aquatic1 al?\gh frequ5tly 9 wet places --#gi4 #gi;a4 ,leaves ev]gre51 z %[n by _! pres5ce on ! old] /ems #ah;a1 9 ,,ericaceae1 p4 #he4 #gi;b4 ,leaves decidu\s ea* ye> --#hj4 #hj;a4 ,leaves dott$ ) transluc5t dots1 easily se5 :5 ! leaf is held to ! light #a;a1 9 ,,hyp]icaceae1 p4 #gc4 #hj;b4 ,leaves n dott$ ) transluc5t dots --#ha4 #ha;a4 ,lat]al ve9s curv$ =w>d & runn+ almo/ p>allel to ! leaf-m>g9 ,,cornaceae1 p4 #hc4 #ha;b4 ,lat]al ve9s spread+1 & n p>allel+ ! leaf-m>g9 --#hb4 #hb;a4 ,leaves ) /ipules #a;a1 #a;a1 9 ,,rubiaceae1 p4 #ajh4 #hb;b4 ,leaves ) a prom95t ridge connect+ !m at ! base --#hc4 #hb;c4 ,leaves ) nei!r /ipules nor connect+ ridges #a;a1 9 ,,oleaceae1 p4 #hh4 #hc;a4 ,bundle-sc> "o 9 ea* leaf-sc> #ah;b1 9 ,,caprifoliaceae1 p4 #aaj4 #hc;b4 ,bundle-sc>s ?ree 9 ea* leaf-sc> 7,honeysuckle7 #ab1 9 ,,caprifoliaceae1 p4 #aaj4 #hd;a4 ,leaves comp\nd --#he4 #hd;b4 ,leaves simple --#ie4 #he;a4 ,/ems prickly or ?orny --#hf4 #he;b4 ,/ems )\t prickles or ?orns --#hh4 #hf;a4 ,leaves twice-p9nate #d;a1 #a;a1 9 ,,araliaceae1 p4 #hj4 #hf;b4 ,leaves ev5ly p9nate #e;b1 9 ,,legum9osae1 p4 #eh4 #hf;c4 ,leaves odd-p9nate or trifoliate --#hg4 #hg;a4 ,leaflets entire #a;a1 #a;a1 9 ,,rutaceae1 p4 #fe4 #hg;b4 ,leaflets s]rate #c;b1 #c;b1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ea4 #hh;a4 ,leaflets #c --#hi4 #hh;b4 ,leaflets #e to _m --#ia4 #hi;a4 ,tall %rubs2 leaflets entire or m9utely too!d #a;b1 9 ,,rutaceae1 p4 #fe4 #hi;b4 ,%rubs #b m4 high or less2 leaves conspicu\sly too!d --#ij4 #ij;a4 ,/ipules pres5t #ag;b1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ec4 #ij;b4 ,/ipules none #a;b1 9 ,,anac>diaceae1 p4 #fh4 #ia;a4 ,leaflets #f-be mm4 long --#ib4 #ia;b4 ,leaflets #cj mm4 long1 or m --#ic4 #ib;a4 ,leaflets mo/ly #e1 r>ely #c or #g #g;a1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #eb4 #ib;b4 ,leaflets mo/ly #i-ai1 #ae mm4 long or m #bf;a1 9 ,,legum9osae1 p4 #fj4 #ib;c4 ,leaflets mo/ly #be-de1 less ?an #ae mm4 long #h;a1 9 ,,legum9osae1 p4 #eh4 #ic;a4 ,leaflets entire #c;a1 9 ,,anac>diaceae1 p4 #fh4 #ic;b4 ,leaflets entire1 except = #a-d l>ge gl&ul> tee? ne> _! base ,,sim>ubaceae1 p4 #fe4 #ic;c4 ,leaflets too!d ?r\gh\t --#id4 #id;a4 ,juice milky #a;a1 9 ,,anac>diaceae1 p4 #fh4 #id;b4 ,juice n milky #c;a1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ea4 #ie;a4 ,leaves m9ute1 scale-l1 appress$ #b;a1 9 ,,ci/aceae1 p4 #gd4 #ie;b4 ,leaves #c-aj mm4 long1 spread+1 completely roll$ into a tube ,,empetraceae1 p4 #fh4 #ie;c4 ,leaves normal 9 %ape1 gre5 9 color --#if4 #if;a4 ,leaves ev]gre51 z %[n by _! pres5ce on ! old] p>ts ( ! /em #d;b1 9 ,,ericaceae1 p4 #hd4 #if;b4 ,leaves decidu\s --#ig4 #ig;a4 ,/ems or bran*es ?orny --#ih4 #ig;b4 ,/ems or bran*es )\t ?orns or ?orny leaves --#ajc4 #ih;a4 ,leaves conspicu\sly palmately ve9$ --#ii4 #ih;b4 ,leaves p9nately ve9$1 or sometimes ) small] lat]al ve9s aris+ f ! end ( ! petiole --#ajj4 #ii;a4 ,leaves #e cm4 wide or less #a;a1 9 ,,saxifragaceae1 p4 #di4 #ii;b4 ,leaves #ae cm4 wide or m #a;a1 9 ,,araliaceae1 p4 #hj4 #ajj;a4 ,leaves entire #e;a1 9 ,,solanaceae1 p4 #ajj4 #ajj;b4 ,leaves too!d or some:at lob$ --#aja4 #aja;a4 ,leaves ) bri/ly m>g9s2 "s ( ! ?orns ?ree-po9t$ #b;a1 9 ,,b]b]idaceae1 p4 #dj4 #aja;b4 ,leaves n bri/ly on ! m>g92 ?orns n bran*$ --#ajb4 #ajb;a4 ,only lat]al ?orns pres5t #da;b1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ed4 #ajb;b4 ,only t]m9al ?orns pres5t #b;a1 9 ,,rhamnaceae1 p4 #ga4 #ajc;a4 ,leaves palmately ve9$1 or ) "o or m pairs ( lat]al ve9s f ! base ( ! leaf --#ajd4 #ajc;b4 ,leaves p9nately ve9$ --#aaa4 #ajd;a4 ,leaves entire --#aje4 #ajd;b4 ,leaves too!d --#ajf4 #ajd;c4 ,leaves palmately lob$ --#ajh4 #aje;a4 ,foliage fragrant :5 cru%$2 leaves ovate #a;b1 9 ,,lauraceae1 p4 #da4 #aje;b4 ,foliage n aromatic2 leaves he>t-%ape #c;b1 9 ,,legum9osae1 p4 #eh4 #ajf;a4 ,lat]al ve9s /raight & p>allel1 runn+ to ! tee? ( ! leaf #c;a1 9 ,,betulaceae1 p4 #bb4 #ajf;b4 ,lat]al ve9s curv$ or bran*$1 & n runn+ /raight to ! tee? --#ajg4 #ajg;a4 ,tall %rubs ) some:at milky juice & broadly ovate leaves #b;b1 9 ,,urticaceae1 p4 #bc4 #ajg;b4 ,l[ %rubs less ?an #a m4 high ) wat]y juice #a;b1 9 ,,rhamnaceae1 p4 #ga4 #ajh;a4 ,leaves ) #b or #c entire lobes1 spicy-fragrant :5 cru%$ #a;b1 9 ,,lauraceae1 p4 #da4 #ajh;b4 ,leaves ) milky juice #b;b1 9 ,,urticaceae1 p4 #bc4 #ajh;c4 ,leaves nei!r spicy-fragrant nor ) milky juice --#aji4 #aji;a4 ,/em cov]$ ) br[n bri/les #bi1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ed4 #aji;b4 ,/em n bri/ly --#aaj4 #aaj;a4 ,sides ( ! petiole /rongly decurr5t on ! /em2 bundle-sc>s cr[d$ or ne>ly 9 contact 9 ! leaf-sc>s #bh;b1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ec4 #aaj;b4 ,sides ( petiole little decurr5t or n at all2 bundle-sc>s di/9ctly sep>ate #b;b1 9 ,,saxifragaceae1 p4 #di4 #aaa;a4 ,leaves aromatically fragrant :5 cru%$ --#aab4 #aaa;b4 ,leaves n aromatically fragrant :5 cru%$ --#aac4 #aab;a4 ,leaves broadly obovate1 entire2 a common woodl& %rub #a;a1 9 ,,lauraceae1 p4 #da4 #aab;b4 ,leaves l9e>-lanceolate or oblanceolate1 conspicu\sly too!d or entire ,,myricaceae1 p4 #bj4 #aac;a4 ,leaves entire --#aad4 #aac;b4 ,leaves too!d or lob$ --#aba4 #aad;a4 ,base ( ! petiole cov]+ ! axill>y buds2 twigs m>k$ ) r+s ,,?ymelaeaceae1 p4 #gg4 #aad;b4 ,base ( petiole n cov]+ ! bud1 & twigs n m>k$ ) r+s --#aae4 #aae;a4 ,pi? ) prom95t p>titions2 tall %rubs ) fetid b>k2 leaves obovate1 #aj cm4 long or l>g] ,,anonaceae1 p4 #dj4 #aae;b4 ,pi? n p>tition$2 leaves small] --#aaf4 #aaf;a4 ,leaves waxy or res9\s und]nea? #bd;b1 9 ,,ericaceae1 p4 #hf4 #aaf;b4 ,leaves n waxy or res9\s --#aag4 #aag;a4 ,lat]al ve9s curv$ =w>d & almo/ p>allel to ! m>g9 ( ! leaf #b;a1 9 ,,cornaceae1 p4 #hc4 #aag;b4 ,lat]al ve9s spread+ --#aah4 #aah;a4 ,leaves lanceolate or l9e>1 mu* long] ?an wide --#aai4 #aah;b4 ,leaves ovate or elliptical --#abj4 #aai;a4 ,/em weak1 spread+ or trail+ #e;a1 9 ,,solanaceae1 p4 #ajj4 #aai;b4 ,/ems1 or "s ( !m1 erect #c;b1 9 ,,legum9osae1 p4 #eh4 #abj;a4 ,leaves ) purple petioles1 :i* are at lea/ "o-f\r? z long z ! leaf-blade #a;a1 9 ,,aquifoliaceae1 p4 #fi4 #abj;b4 ,leaves ) %ort petioles or sessile #bd;c1 9 ,,ericaceae1 p4 #hf4 #aba;a4 ,lat]al ve9s /raight & p>allel1 mo/ly end+ 9 ! tee? ( ! leaf --#abb4 #aba;b4 ,lat]al ve9s n /raight & p>allel --#abi4 #abb;a4 ,leaves #b-rank$1 i4 e41 9 two longitud9al r[s1 ) ! ?ird leaf directly above ! fir/ --#abc4 #abb;b4 ,leaves n #b-rank$ --#abg4 #abc;a4 ,leaves unsymmetrical1 oblique at ! base1 i4 e41 ) "o side ( ! leaf l>g] ?an ! o!r ,,hamamelidaceae1 p4 #ea4 #abc;b4 ,leaves symmetrical or ne>ly s at ! base --#abd4 #abd;a4 ,lat]al leaf-ve9s end+ 9 ! leaf-tee? --#abe4 #abd;b4 ,lat]al ve9s n end+ 9 ! tee? #db;b1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ee4 #abe;a4 ,b>k smoo? & flut$ on ! l>ge /ems #a;b1 9 ,,betulaceae1 p4 #ba4 #abe;b4 ,b>k r\gh or w>ty or gl&ul> --#abf4 #abf;a4 ,leaves #d cm4 long or less #c;a1 9 ,,betulaceae1 p4 #bb4 #abf;b4 ,leaves #e cm4 long or m #i;b1 9 ,,betulaceae1 p4 #bb4 #abg;a4 ,pi? #c-;angl$ #f;a1 9 ,,betulaceae1 p4 #bb4 #abg;b4 ,pi? #e-;angl$ #ac;b1 9 ,,fagaceae1 p4 #bc4 #abg;c4 ,pi? cyl9drical --#abh4 #abh;a4 ,leaves f9ely s]rate #db;b1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ee4 #abh;b4 ,leaves co>sely or d\bly s]rate #da;a1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ed4 #abi;a4 ,leaves co>sely or d\bly s]rate --#acj4 #abi;b4 ,leaves simply s]rate --#aca4 #acj;a4 ,leaves #b-rank$1 i4 e41 9 two longitud9al r[s1 ) ! ?ird leaf directly ov] ! fir/ #i;b1 9 ,,betulaceae1 p4 #bb4 #acj;b4 ,leaves n #b-rank$ #da;a1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ed4 #aca;a4 ,leaves ) gl&s on ! petiole or at ! base ( ! leaf-blade --#acb4 #aca;b4 ,leaves ) small d>k gl&s on ! upp] side ( ! mid-ve9 #db;a1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ed4 #aca;c4 ,leaves )\t gl&s --#acc4 #acb;a4 ,will[s2 ) usually sl5d] leaves1 frequ5tly conspicu\s broad /ipules1 & lat]al buds protect$ by a s+le ext]nal bud-scale #ac1 9 ,,salicaceae1 p4 #bj4 #acb;b4 ,plums & *]ries2 ) leaves lanceolate or broad]1 & /ipules m9ute & fall+ e>ly 9 ! season2 lat]al buds ) m ?an "o bud-scale #cj1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ed4 #acc;a4 ,) /ipules or ) /ipul> sc>s indicat+ :]e /ipules h be5 deta*$ --#acd4 #acc;b4 ,)\t /ipules or /ipul> sc>s --#ach4 #acd;a4 ,) ?ree bundle-sc>s 9 ea* leaf-sc> --#ace4 #acd;b4 ,) "o bundle-sc> 9 ea* leaf-sc> --#acf4 #ace;a4 ,will[s2 usually ) sl5d] leaves & twigs & frequ5tly ) l>ge conspicu\s /ipules2 lat]al buds cov]$ by a s+le ext]nal bud-scale #ac1 9 ,,salicaceae1 p4 #bj4 #ace;b4 ,juneb]ries2 ) oblong or ovate leaves & small /ipules :i* fall e>ly2 lat]al buds ) m ?an "o ext]nal scale #db;b1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ee4 #acf;a4 ,leaves mo/ly entire1 only a few "h & !re ) l[ tee? #a;a1 9 ,,aquifoliaceae1 p4 #fi4 #acf;b4 ,leaves %>ply too!d --#acg4 #acg;a4 ,axill>y buds sup]pos$1 i4 e41 ) a second "o j above ! fir/ #a;b1 9 ,,aquifoliaceae1 p4 #fi4 #acg;b4 ,axill>y buds n sup]pos$ #b;b1 9 ,,rhamnaceae1 p4 #ga4 #ach;a4 ,leaves ) purple petioles1 :i* are at lea/ "o-f\r? z long z ! blade #a;a1 9 ,,aquifoliaceae1 p4 #fi4 #ach;b4 ,leaves %ort-petiol$ or sessile --#aci4 #aci;a4 ,/ems erect & /raight1 unbran*$ or ) v few bran*es #bg1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ec4 #aci;b4 ,/ems m or less crook$ & freely bran*$1 mak+ a spread+ %rub #be1 9 ,,ericaceae1 p4 #hf4 --#adj-- #adj;a4 ,fl[]s appe>+ 9 autumn1 aft] ! leaves h fall5 ,,hamamelidaceae1 p4 #ea4 #adj;b4 ,fl[]s appe>+ 9 spr+1 be=e ! leaves h op5$ --#ada4 #ada;a4 ,fl[]s 9 catk9s1 )\t brightly color$ or petal-l p>ts --#adb4 #ada;b4 ,fl[]s n 9 catk9s1 ei!r ) or )\t brightly color$ or petal-l p>ts --#adi4 #adb;a4 ,leaves #b-rank$1 z %[n by ! arrangem5t ( buds & leaf-sc>s 9 two longitud9al r[s1 s t ! ?ird bud is directly ov] ! fir/ --#adc4 #adb;b4 ,leaves & leaf-sc>s n #b-rank$ --#adf4 #adc;a4 ,bundle-sc>s ?ree 9 ea* leaf-sc> --#add4 #adc;b4 ,bundle-sc>s sev]al 9 ea* leaf-sc> #b;b1 9 ,,urticaceae1 p4 #bc4 #add;a4 ,leaf-buds ) only #a-c visible bud-scales #aj1 9 ,,betulaceae1 p4 #bb4 #add;b4 ,leaf-buds ) m ?an #c visible scales --#ade4 #ade;a4 ,b>k ( ! bran*es smoo? & d>k gray1 ! l>g] /ems flut$ ) project+ longitud9al ridges #a;b1 9 ,,betulaceae1 p4 #ba4 #ade;b4 ,bran*es )\t project+ ridges #d1 9 ,,betulaceae1 p4 #bb4 #adf;a4 ,pi? #c-;angl$ #h1 9 ,,betulaceae1 p4 #bb4 #adf;b4 ,pi? #e-;angl$ #ac;b1 9 ,,fagaceae1 p4 #bc4 #adf;c4 ,pi? cyl9drical --#adg4 #adg;a4 ,visible out] bud-scales #b or m --#adh4 #adg;b4 ,buds ) a s+le visible out] scale #ac1 9 ,,salicaceae1 p4 #bj4 #adh;a4 ,bundle-sc>s #c 9 ea* leaf-sc> ,,myricaceae1 p4 #bj4 #adh;b4 ,bundle-sc>s m ?an #c 9 ea* leaf-sc> #b;b1 9 ,,urticaceae1 p4 #bc4 #adi;a4 ,fl[]s d>k r$-purple1 ab\t #c cm4 wide ,,anonaceae1 p4 #dj4 #adi;b4 ,fl[]s bright p9k1 irregul>1 ab\t #a cm4 wide #c;a1 9 ,,legum9osae1 p4 #eh4 #adi;c4 ,fl[]s :ite1 ) #e conspicu\s petals --#aej4 #adi;d4 ,fl[]s gre5i% or yell[i%1 small1 inconspicu\s --#aeb4 #aej;a4 ,ov>y #a1 sup]ior1 i4 e41 9 ! c5t] ( ! fl[] & n atta*$ to surr\nd+ p>ts #cf1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ed4 #aej;b4 ,ov>y inf]ior1 appe>+ z a swell+ bel[ ! calyx at ! apex ( ! p$icel --#aea4 #aea;a4 ,fl[]s 9 racemes or solit>y #db;b1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ee4 #aea;b4 ,fl[]s 9 flatt5$ or r\nd$ bran*+ clu/]s #db;a1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ee4 #aeb;a4 ,/ems ?orny #a;a1 9 ,,rutaceae1 p4 #fe4 #aeb;b4 ,/ems n ?orny --#aec4 #aec;a4 ,b>k pleasantly aromatic :5 cru%$2 p]ian? ) #f p>ts --#aed4 #aec;b4 ,b>k n pleasantly aromatic2 p]ian? ) #d %ort lobes ,,?ymelaeaceae1 p4 #gg4 #aed;a4 ,fl[]s 9 sessile lat]al clu/]s #a;a1 9 ,,lauraceae1 p4 #da4 #aed;b4 ,fl[]s 9 p$uncl$ t]m9al clu/]s #a;b1 9 ,,lauraceae1 p4 #da4 --#aee-- #aee;a4 ,leaves n>r[1 ne$le-l or scale-l1 mo/ly ev]gre5 --#ed4 #aee;b4 ,leaves broad]1 flat or roll$1 b n ne$le-l or scale-l --#aef4 #aef;a4 ,tw9+ or climb+ v9es --#ef4 #aef;b4 ,n tw9+ or climb+ --#aeg4 #aeg;a4 ,leaves opposite --#aeh4 #aeg;b4 ,leaves alt]nate --#afe4 #aeh;a4 ,leaves comp\nd --#fh4 #aeh;b4 ,leaves simple --#aei4 #aei;a4 ,leaves broad1 palmately lob$ --#afj4 #aei;b4 ,leaves n palmately lob$ --#afa4 #afj;a4 ,fl[]s gre5i%-yell[1 9 racemes or panicles #b;a1 9 ,,ac]aceae1 p4 #gj4 #afj;b4 ,fl[]s :ite1 9 r\nd$ or flatt5$ clu/]s #bb;a1 9 ,,caprifoliaceae1 p4 #aaa4 #afa;a4 ,fl[]s 9 close clu/]s1 subt5d$ by f\r l>ge :ite petal-l bracts #d;b1 9 ,,cornaceae1 p4 #hc4 #afa;b4 ,fl[]s small1 :ite1 9 d5se sph]ical heads #a;a1 9 ,,rubiaceae1 p4 #ajh4 #afa;c4 ,fl[]s n 9 d5se heads1 & n subt5d$ by petal-l bracts --#afb4 #afb;a4 ,petals sep>ate f ea* o!r --#afc4 #afb;b4 ,petals unit$ ) ea* o!r --#afd4 #afc;a4 ,fl[]s d>k purple-r$ #a;b1 9 ,,cela/raceae4 p4 #fi4 #afc;b4 ,fl[]s bright yell[ #a;a1 9 ,,hyp]icaceae1 p4 #gc4 #afc;c4 ,fl[]s p9k-purple2 aquatic %rubs #a;a1 9 ,,ly?raceae1 p4 #gg4 #afc;d4 ,fl[]s :ite #e1 9 ,,cornaceae1 p4 #hc4 #afc;e4 ,fl[]s m9ute1 gre5i%2 twigs usually ?orny #a;b1 9 ,,rhamnaceae1 p4 #ga4 #afc;f4 ,fl[]s small1 yell[i%2 leaves silv]y b5ea? ,,elaeagnaceae1 p4 #gg4 #afd;a4 ,/am5s #b #a;a1 9 ,,oleaceae1 p4 #hh4 #afd;b4 ,/am5s #d or #e #aa1 9 ,,caprifoliaceae1 p4 #aaj4 #afd;c4 ,/am5s #aj #ah;a1 9 ,,ericaceae1 p4 #he4 #afe;a4 ,leaves once-comp\nd --#aff4 #afe;b4 ,leaves simple --#agb4 #afe;c4 ,leaves twice- or ?rice-comp\nd #d;a1 9 ,,araliaceae1 p4 #hj4 #aff;a4 ,fl[]s small1 gre5i% or gre5i%-yell[ --#afg4 #aff;b4 ,fl[]s conspicu\s1 :ite1 or brightly color$ --#agj4 #afg;a4 ,/ems ?orny #a;a1 9 ,,rutaceae1 p4 #fe4 #afg;b4 ,/ems n ?orny --#afh4 #afh;a4 ,leaflets #c1 entire or m9utely too!d #a;b1 9 ,,rutaceae1 p4 #fe4 #afh;b4 ,leaflets #c1 conspicu\sly too!d #a;b1 9 ,,anac>diaceae1 p4 #fh4 #afh;c4 ,leaflets m ?an #c --#afi4 #afi;a4 ,leaflets entire except = #a-d l>ge gl&ul> tee? ne> _! base ,,sim>ubaceae1 p4 #fe4 #afi;b4 ,leaflets entire1 or too!d = _! entire l5g? ,,anac>diaceae1 p4 #fh4 #agj;a4 ,fl[]s ) a s+le bright-blue petal #h;a1 9 ,,legum9osae1 p4 #eh4 #agj;b4 ,fl[]s ) sev]al petals --#aga4 #aga;a4 ,fl[]s regul> #c1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ea4 #aga;b4 ,fl[]s irregul>1 ! upp] petal ! l>ge/ #d1 9 ,,legum9osae1 p4 #eh4 #agb;a4 ,leaves m9ute1 scale-l1 appress$ #b;a1 9 ,,ci/aceae1 p4 #gd4 #agb;b4 ,leaves #c-aj mm4 long1 spread+1 completely roll$ into a tube ,,empetraceae1 p4 #fh4 #agb;c4 ,leaves normal 9 %ape1 gre5 9 color --#agc4 #agc;a4 ,leaves ev]gre51 z %[n by _! pres5ce on ! old] p>ts ( ! /em #d;b1 9 ,,ericaceae1 p4 #hd4 #agc;b4 ,leaves decidu\s --#agd4 #agd;a4 ,fl[]s 9 catk9s1 )\t petal-l p>ts --#adb4 #agd;b4 ,fl[]s n 9 catk9s1 ei!r ) or )\t petal-l p>ts --#age4 #age;a4 ,fl[]s small1 inconspicu\s1 yell[i% or gre5i% 9 color --#agf4 #age;b4 ,fl[]s :ite or color$1 ) conspicu\s petals --#ahj4 #agf;a4 ,leaves broad & palmately lob$2 /em ?orny #a;a1 9 ,,araliaceae1 p4 #hj4 #agf;b4 ,leaves entire1 too!d1 or ) #b-c entire lobes2 /em n ?orny --#agg4 #agg;a4 ,fl[]s 9 small axill>y clu/]s2 foliage n spicy-aromatic --#agh4 #agg;b4 ,fl[]s 9 clu/]s t]m9at+ la/ ye>'s twigs2 foliage spicy-aromatic #a;b1 9 ,,lauraceae1 p4 #da4 #agh;a4 ,petals none2 sepals pres5t #b;b1 9 ,,rhamnaceae1 p4 #ga4 #agh;b4 ,petals pres5t b small --#agi4 #agi;a4 ,a /am5 9 front ( ea* petal #b;a1 9 ,,rhamnaceae1 p4 #ga4 #agi;b4 ,a /am5 betwe5 ea* two petals ,,aquifoliaceae1 p4 #fi4 #ahj;a4 ,petals unit$ ) ea* o!r2 /am5s #h-aj #bd1 9 ,,ericaceae1 p4 #hf4 #ahj;b4 ,petals sep>ate f ea* o!r --#aha4 #aha;a4 ,petals #d --#ahb4 #aha;b4 ,petals #e --#ahc4 #aha;c4 ,petal-l sepals #f2 real petals none2 foliage spicy-aromatic #a;b1 9 ,,lauraceae1 p4 #da4 #aha;d4 ,petals #f2 sepals also pres5t --#ahg4 #ahb;a4 ,fl[]s 9 late spr+ or e>ly summ] #b;a1 9 ,,cornaceae1 p4 #hc4 #ahb;b4 ,fl[]s 9 autumn ,,hamamelidaceae1 p4 #ea4 #ahc;a4 ,corolla irregul>1 ! upp] petal l>ge/ #c;b1 9 ,,legum9osae1 p4 #eh4 #ahc;b4 ,corolla regul>1 all petals alike 9 size & %ape --#ahd4 #ahd;a4 ,/am5s #e --#ahe4 #ahd;b4 ,/am5s #aj or m #bd1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ec4 #ahe;a4 ,fl[]s 9 loose racemes or axill>y clu/]s #b1 9 ,,saxifragaceae1 p4 #di4 #ahe;b4 ,fl[]s 9 bran*+ clu/]s --#ahf4 #ahf;a4 ,leaves palmately lob$2 /em ?orny #a;a1 9 ,,araliaceae1 p4 #hj4 #ahf;b4 ,leaves n lob$2 /em n ?orny #a;b1 9 ,,rhamnaceae1 p4 #ga4 #ahg;a4 ,fl[]s d>k r$-purple ,,anonaceae1 p4 #dj4 #ahg;b4 ,fl[]s yell[ #b;a1 9 ,,b]b]idaceae1 p4 #dj4 ,,gr\p #b1 ,,unusual ,,plants #a;a4 ,small br[n leafless plants1 gr[+ z p>asites on ! tam>ack or black spruce ,,loran?aceae1 p4 #be4 #a;b4 ,aquatic plants1 ) all or mo/ ( ! leaves subm]g$1 or leafless --#b4 #a;c4 ,aquatic plants1 ) ! leaves or ! :ole plant float+ on or ne> ! surface --#bj4 #a;d4 ,t]re/rial or m>% plants1 )\t float+ or subm]g$ leaves --#bi4 #b;a4 ,subm]g$ aquatics1 )\t leaves --#c4 #b;b4 ,subm]g$ aquatics1 ) ! leaves l9e> or dissect$ --#d4 #c;a4 ,fl[]s %[y1 yell[ or purple ,,l5tibul>iaceae1 p4 #aje4 #c;b ,fl[]s small & inconspicu\s1 sessile1 purpli% or gre5i% #c;a1 9 ,,haloragidaceae1 p4 #gi4 #d;a4 ,leaves l9e> or lanceolate1 n lob$ or dissect$ --#e4 #d;b4 ,leaves m or less lob$ or dissect$ --#ac4 #e;a4 ,leaves all basal --#f4 #e;b4 ,/em-leaves pres5t --#g4 #f;a4 ,fl[]s blue1 #a cm4 long or m2 leaves cyl9drical1 blunt1 holl[1 p>tition$ l5g?wise #a;a1 9 ,,lobeliaceae1 p4 #aac4 #f;b4 ,fl[]s yell[2 leaves m9ute ,,l5tibul>iaceae1 p4 #aje4 #f;c4 ,fl[]s :ite1 9 clu/]s2 leaves l9e>-lanceolate1 acute1 n holl[ #a;b1 9 ,,alismaceae1 p4 #c4 #f;d4 ,fl[]s gre5i%1 solit>y at ! end ( elongat$ p$uncles2 leaves v long & ribbon-l1 flat or tr\gh-%ape #a;a1 9 ,,hydro*>itaceae1 p4 #c4 #f;e4 ,fl[]s m9ute1 :iti% or lead-color1 9 heads ,,eriocaulaceae1 p4 #i4 #g;a4 ,leaves alt]nate --#h4 #g;b4 ,leaves opposite --#aj4 #g;c4 ,leaves :orl$ --#ab4 #h;a4 ,leaves ) ?9 %ea?+ /ipules #a;b1 9 ,,najadaceae1 p4 #b4 #h;b4 ,leaves )\t /ipules --#i4 #i;a4 ,fl[]s gre5i%1 9 a head ,,sp>ganiaceae1 p4 #b4 #i;b4 ,fl[]s pale yell[ #a;b1 9 ,,pont$]iaceae1 p4 #aj4 #aj;a4 ,leaves s]rate #b;b1 9 ,,najadaceae1 p4 #b4 #aj;b4 ,leaves entire --#aa4 #aa;a4 ,leaves #b cm4 long or less ,,callitri*aceae1 p4 #fh4 #aa;b4 ,leaves ?read-l1 #b-h cm4 long #b;a1 9 ,,najadaceae1 p4 #b4 #aa;c4 ,leaves l9e> to elliptical1 m ?an #b cm4 long #a;b1 9 ,,najadaceae1 p4 #b4 #ab;a4 ,leaves 9 :orls ( #c1 abruptly wid5$ at ! base #b;b1 9 ,,najadaceae1 p4 #b4 #ab;b4 ,leaves 9 :orls ( #c1 wide/ ne> ! middle #a;b1 9 ,,hydro*>itaceae1 p4 #c4 #ab;c4 ,/ems /raight & erect1 at leaves ! fl[]s em]g$2 leaves 9 :orls ( #d or m #b;a1 9 ,,haloragidaceae1 p4 #gi4 #ac;a4 ,leaves ) num]\s small bladd]s atta*$1 ea* bladd] #a-c mm4 long ,,l5tibul>iaceae1 p4 #aje4 #ac;b4 ,leaves )\t bladd]s --#ad4 #ad;a4 ,leaves alt]nate --#ae4 #ad;b4 ,leaves opposite or :orl$ --#ah4 #ae;a4 ,delicate & r>e plants gr[+ atta*$ to /ones 9 runn+ wat] ,,podo/emaceae1 p4 #dh4 #ae;b4 ,plants #b dm4 high or m1 ) roots 9 mud or s& --#af4 #af;a4 ,leaves once-p9nate --#ag4 #af;b4 ,leaves #b-c times p9nate #ae;b1 9 ,,umbellif]ae1 p4 #ha4 #af;c4 ,leaves palmately dissect$ #a;b1 9 ,,ranunculaceae1 p4 #ce4 #ag;a4 ,ta/e pepp]y or mu/>dy #cd1 9 ,,crucif]ae1 p4 #de4 #ag;b4 ,ta/e n pepp]y or mu/>dy #a;a1 9 ,,haloragidaceae1 p4 #gi4 #ah;a4 ,leaves p9nately comp\nd #c;b1 9 ,,haloragidaceae1 p4 #gi4 #ah;b4 ,leaves palmately comp\nd --#ai4 #ai;a4 ,leaves opposite or 9 :orls ( f\r #aai;a1 9 ,,compositae1 p4 #abc4 #ai;b4 ,leaves 9 :orls ( #e-ab ,,c]atophyllaceae1 p4 #cd4 #bj;a4 ,plants small1 flatt5$1 r\nd$ or ovate1 )\t di/9ction ( /em & leaf2 ! :ole plant float+ on or ne> ! surface ,,lemnaceae1 p4 #i4 #bj;b4 ,plant atta*$ to ! soil1 ) diff]5tiat$ /em & leaves --#ba4 #ba;a4 ,leaves on long sl5d] /alks1 :i* be> also a clu/] ( sl5d] tub]s ne> ! leaf-base2 leaves he>t-%ape #a;b1 9 ,,g5tianaceae1 p4 #hh4 #ba;b4 ,leaf-/alks )\t a clu/] ( tub]s --#bb4 #bb;a4 ,leaves all basal --#bc4 #bb;b4 ,/em-leaves pres5t --#bd4 #bc;a4 ,leaves p>allel-ve9$ #a;b1 9 ,,alismaceae1 p4 #c4 #bc;b4 ,leaves net-ve9$ #a;b1 9 ,,nymphaeaceae1 p4 #ce4 #bd;a4 ,leaves opposite or :orl$ --#be4 #bd;b4 ,leaves alt]nate --#bf4 #be;a4 ,leaves less ?an #b cm4 long ,,callitri*aceae1 p4 #fh4 #be;b4 ,leaves m ?an #b cm4 long #a;b1 9 ,,najadaceae1 p4 #b4 #bf;a4 ,leaves atta*$ by ! c5t] to ! /alk #b;b1 9 ,,nymphaeaceae1 p4 #ce4 #bf;b4 ,leaves atta*$ by ! m>g9 --#bg4 #bg;a4 ,leaves p>allel-ve9$ --#bh4 #bg;b4 ,leaves net-ve9$1 ) a s+le mid-ve92 lanceolate or elliptical 9 outl9e #bi;b1 9 ,,polygonaceae1 p4 #bh4 #bh;a4 ,leaves n ov] #b dm4 long #a;b1 9 ,,najadaceae1 p4 #b4 #bh;b4 ,leaves v long & grass-l #ad;a1 9 ,,gram9eae1 p4 #e4 #bi;a4 ,br[n1 yell[1 or :ite plants1 )\t gre5 color --#cj4 #bi;b4 ,plants ) normal gre5 color1 at lea/ 9 "s p>ts --#cc4 #cj;a4 ,/emless & leafless plants1 consi/+ ( fl[]s only & p>tly und]gr\nd #d;a1 9 ,,araceae1 p4 #h4 #cj;b4 ,/ems climb+ on o!r plants #a;b1 9 ,,convolvulaceae1 p4 #ia4 #cj;c4 ,/em & fl[]-/alks erect1 n climb+ --#ca4 #ca;a4 ,corolla regul>2 /am5s #f-ab #a;a1 9 ,,ericaceae1 p4 #hd4 #ca;b4 ,corolla irregul> --#cb4 #cb;a4 ,sepals & petals ea* #c2 fl[]s 9 simple racemes #e;a1 9 ,,or*idaceae1 p4 #af4 #cb;b4 ,sepals #e2 corolla ( unit$ petals ,,oroban*aceae1 p4 #ajf4 #cc;a4 ,/em ?ick & fle%y1 leafless1 ?orny ,,cactaceae1 p4 #gg4 #cc;b4 ,/em n ?orny --#cd4 #cd;a4 ,leaves none --#ce4 #cd;b4 ,leaves r$uc$ to small scales --#dj4 #cd;c4 ,leaves ?ick & fle%y --#dd4 #cd;d4 ,leaves holl[ --#de4 #cd;e4 ,leaves small1 all basal1 be>+ l>ge gl&ul> hairs on ! upp] surface ,,dros]aceae1 p4 #dh4 #ce;a4 ,/em none1 ! fl[]s appe>+ at or p>tially b5ea? ! surface ( ! soil #d;a1 9 ,,araceae1 p4 #h4 #ce;b4 ,/em pres5t --#cf4 #cf;a4 ,/em freely bran*$ #b;a1 9 ,,liliaceae1 p4 #aj4 #cf;b4 ,/em unbran*$1 except possibly 9 ! fl[]-clu/]s --#cg4 #cg;a4 ,fl[]s gre5i% or br[ni%1 )\t obvi\s color$ petals --#ch4 #cg;b4 ,fl[]s ) conspicu\s :ite or color$ petals --#ci4 #ch;a4 ,ea* fl[] ) #f small *affy petals #d1 9 ,,juncaceae1 p4 #aj4 #ch;b4 ,petals none2 ea* fl[] 9 ! axil ( a s+le *affy bract #b;a1 9 ,,cyp]aceae1 p4 #g4 #ci;a4 ,fl[]s regul> #cd;a1 9 ,,liliaceae1 p4 #aa4 #ci;b4 ,fl[]s irregul> #aj;a1 9 ,,or*idaceae1 p4 #af4 #dj;a4 ,/em erect1 unbran*$ or ) "o or two bran*es only --#da4 #dj;b4 ,/em freely bran*$ --#db4 #da;a4 ,plants ( moi/ soil1 ) opposite scales2 corolla regul>1 ) #d petal-l lobes #a;a1 9 ,,g5tianaceae1 p4 #hh4 #da;b4 ,swamp plants1 ) a few alt]nate scales2 corolla irregul> ,,l5tibul>iaceae1 p4 #aje4 #db;a4 ,leaves num]\s & close1 conceal+ ! /em #b;a1 9 ,,ci/aceae1 p4 #gd4 #db;b4 ,leaves spread+1 n conceal+ ! /em --#dc4 #dc;a4 ,leaf-scales 9 small clu/]s2 fl[]s gre5i%1 ) #f petals #b;a1 9 ,,liliaceae1 p4 #aj4 #dc;b4 ,leaf-scales di/9ctly opposite2 petals #e1 yell[ #g;a1 9 ,,hyp]icaceae1 p4 #gd4 #dd;a4 ,sepals #b #c1 9 ,,portulacaceae1 p4 #cd4 #dd;b4 ,sepals #d or #e ,,crassulaceae1 p4 #dh4 #de;a4 ,leaves pit*]-%ape1 op5 at ! top ,,s>rac5iaceae1 p4 #dh4 #de;b4 ,leaves tubul>1 clos$ at ! end #cg;b1 9 ,,liliaceae1 p4 #ac4 ,,gr\p #c1 ,,monocotyl$ones #a;a4 ,tw9+ plants1 ) fl[]s 9 panicles or racemes ,,dioscoreaceae1 p4 #ad4 #a;b4 ,plants ) milky juice #ac;a1 9 ,,compositae1 p4 #aae4 #a;c4 ,plants n tw9+ 7"s climb by t5drils7 & n ) milky juice4 --#b4 #b;a4 ,fl[]s 9 close spikes or heads1 surr\nd$ or subt5d$ by a gre5 or color$ bract1 ! :ole resembl+ a s+le fl[]2 petals m9ute or want+2 leaves broad1 n grass-l1 l9e>1 or sword-%ape ,,araceae1 p4 #h4 #b;b4 ,plants ) n>r[1 l9e>1 grass-l1 or sword-%ape leaves 7a few species ( ,c>ex h broad]1 lanceolate to ovate leaves72 fl[]s gre5i%1 yell[i%1 or br[ni%1 nev] brightly color$1 & frequ5tly dry or *affy 9 texture2 p]ian? small or want+2 individual fl[]s inconspicu\s 9 size1 b sometimes gr\p$ into conspicu\s clu/]s --#c4 #b;c4 ,plants ) leaves ( v>i\s wid?s1 b ! fl[]s petaloid1 i4 e41 ) a :ite or color$1 m or less conspicu\s p]ian?1 & nev] *affy 9 texture4 ,9 a few cases ! fl[]s are gre5i%1 b ! size & conspicu\sness ( ! p]ian? id5tifies !m 9 ?is class --#i4 #c;a4 ,fl[]s 9 ! axils ( dry1 membran\s or *affy scales1 :i* are regul>ly arrang$ into spikes or spikelets ( uni=m size & /ructure1 :i* are v>i\sly gr\p$ or clu/]$2 fruit an a*5e2 grasses & s$ges1 ) jo9$ /ems & %ea?+ leaves1 or leafless & ! /ems n jo9t$ --#d4 #c;b4 ,fl[]s n subt5d$ individually by dry1 membran\s1 or *affy scales1 & o!rwise n agree+ ) #c;a --#e4 #d;a4 ,leaf-%ea?s split on ! side opposite ! leaf2 leaves usually #b-rank$1 i4 e41 9 #b longitud9al r[s ) ! ?ird leaf above ! fir/2 /ems r\nd$ or flat1 nev] triangul>1 usually holl[ ,,gram9eae1 p4 #d4 #d;b4 ,leaf-%ea?s clos$ into a cont9u\s tube2 leaves usually #c-rank$2 /ems frequ5tly triangul>1 usually solid ,,cyp]aceae1 p4 #g4 #e;a4 ,fl[]s 9 d5se spikes --#f4 #e;b4 ,fl[]s 9 heads1 racemes1 or panicles --#g4 #f;a4 ,spike t]m9al1 ) pi/illate fl[]s at ! base & /am9ate ones at ! apex ,,typhaceae1 p4 #b4 #f;b4 ,spike %ort1 app>5tly lat]al1 ne> ! apex ( ! /em #c;a1 9 ,,araceae1 p4 #h4 #g;a4 ,fl[]s 9 globose heads :i* are arrang$ 9 spikes1 ! l[e/ heads pi/illate1 ! upp] /am9ate2 ov>y #a-;cell$ ,,sp>ganiaceae1 p4 #b4 #g;b4 ,fl[]s 9 globose woolly heads t]m9at+ leafless unbran*$ /alks ,,eriocaulaceae1 p4 #i4 #g;c4 ,fl[]s 9 a spike-l raceme2 ov>ies #c-f1 sep>ate or ne>ly s ,,juncag9aceae1 p4 #c4 #g;d4 ,fl[]s 9 heads or panicles1 all p]fect1 n woolly1 ) "o ov>y --#h4 #h;a4 ,leaves less ?an #a cm4 wide1 or none2 divisions ( ! p]ian? #f ,,juncaceae1 p4 #aj4 #h;b4 ,leaves #b cm4 wide or m2 petals #e #b;a1 9 ,,umbellif]ae1 p4 #hj4 #i;a4 ,fl[]s regul>1 ) all ! petals ( approximately ! same size & %ape --#aj4 #i;b4 ,fl[]s irregul>1 ) ! petals ( ea* fl[] n ( ! same size or %ape --#bb4 #aj;a4 ,ov>ies #c or m1 sep>ate or b>ely unit$ ) ea* o!r at ! base --#aa4 #aj;b4 ,ov>y "o 9 ea* fl[] --#ab4 #aa;a4 ,ov>ies #c-f 9 numb]2 fl[]s 9 spikes or racemes2 leaves l9e> ,,juncag9aceae1 p4 #c4 #aa;b4 ,ov>ies m ?an #f ,,alismaceae1 p4 #c4 #ab;a4 ,fl[]s or fl[]-clu/]s lat]al1 axill>y or app>5tly s --#ac4 #ab;b4 ,fl[]s or fl[]-clu/]s t]m9al or on leafless /alks --#ad4 #ac;a4 ,leaves m9ute & scale-l2 fl[]s gre5i%-yell[ #b;a1 9 ,,liliaceae1 p4 #aj4 #ac;b4 ,leaves l9e>1 grass-l #c;b1 9 ,,iridaceae1 p4 #ac4 #ac;c4 ,leaves lanceolate or broad]1 n grass-l or scale-l #b;b1 9 ,,liliaceae1 p4 #aj4 #ad;a4 ,divisions ( ! p]ian? #e-ab cm4 long --#ae4 #ad;b4 ,divisions ( ! p]ian? less ?an #e cm4 long --#af4 #ae;a4 ,fl[]s blue1 or blue m>k$ ) yell[ #a;a1 9 ,,iridaceae1 p4 #ae4 #ae;b4 ,fl[]s n blue #ab;a1 9 ,,liliaceae1 p4 #aa4 #af;a4 ,fl[]s solit>y --#ag4 #af;b4 ,fl[]s #b or m1 9 "s k9d ( a clu/] --#ah4 #ag;a4 ,leaves #b1 broadly he>t-%ape1 basal1 on long /alks #a;b1 9 ,,ari/olo*iaceae1 p4 #be4 #ag;b4 ,leaves n he>t-%ape #bj1 #bj1 9 ,,liliaceae1 p4 #ab4 #ah;a4 ,divisions ( ! p]ian? 7#d to #f7 all ess5tially alike --#ai4 #ah;b4 ,p]ian? diff]5tiat$ into sepals & #b or #c color$ petals --#ba4 #ai;a4 ,fl[]s 9 umbels --#bj4 #ai;b4 ,fl[]s 9 d5se r\nd heads2 petals #e #b;a1 9 ,,umbellif]ae1 p4 #hj4 #ai;c4 ,fl[]s 9 spikes1 racemes1 or panicles #ch1 9 ,,liliaceae1 p4 #ac4 #bj;a4 ,ov>y inf]ior1 appe>+ bel[ ! p]ian? z a swell+ at ! apex ( ! /alk2 fl[]s bright yell[2 leaves l9e> ,,am>yllidaceae1 p4 #ad4 #bj;b4 ,ov>y inf]ior2 fl[]s blue or :ite1 t]m9at+ a flatt5$ w+$ leafless fl[]-/alk #c;a1 9 ,,iridaceae1 p4 #ae4 #bj;c4 ,ov>y sup]ior1 i4 e41 9 ! c5t] ( ! fl[] & sep>ate f ! p]ian? #ca1 9 ,,liliaceae1 p4 #ac4 #ba;a4 ,fl[]s 9 d5se heads1 yell[1 #a cm4 wide or small] ,,xyridaceae1 p4 #i4 #ba;b4 ,fl[]s 9 umbels1 blue or :ite1 #b cm4 wide or l>g] ,,commel9aceae1 p4 #i4 #bb;a4 ,fl[]s blue2 ov>y sup]ior 7def9$ "u #bj;c72 /am5s di/9ct f ! o!r p>ts ( ! fl[] --#bc4 #bb;b4 ,ov>y inf]ior 7def9$ "u #bj;a72 floral /ructure complex2 /am5s atta*$ to o!r p>ts ( ! fl[] & n resembl+ ord9>y /am5s 9 =m or /ructure ,,or*idaceae1 p4 #ae4 #bc;a4 ,leaves triangul>-he>t-%ape at base2 m>% plants #a;a1 9 ,,pont$]iaceae1 p4 #aj4 #bc;b4 ,leaves n he>t-%ape at base ,,commel9aceae1 p4 #i4 ,,gr\p #d1 ,,dicotyl$ones #a;a4 ,foliage leaves all or pr9cipally basal2 fl[]-/alk ei!r completely leafless1 or be>+ a s+le pair ( opposite leaves only4 ,bracts & scale-leaves are n consid]$ foliage leaves --#b4 #a;b4 ,/em-leaves pres5t on ! /em1 ei!r "o or m 9 numb]1 & n limit$ to a s+le opposite pair --#c4 #b;a4 ,leaves comp\nd --#g4 #b;b4 ,leaves simple --#ah4 #c;a4 ,/em-leaves all or *iefly opposite or :orl$ 7! bracts ( ! fl[] clu/]s may be alt]nate7 --#d4 #c;b4 ,/em-leaves all or *iefly alt]nate --#e4 #d;a4 ,fl[]s small & inconspicu\s1 ! p]ian? none or gre5i% or *affy1 & nev] petal-l 9 appe>ance --#ej4 #d;b4 ,fl[]s ) a :ite or color$ petal-l p]ian? --#ff4 #e;a4 ,fl[]s small & inconspicu\s1 )\t any :ite or color$ petal-l p]ian? --#aah4 #e;b4 ,fl[]s l>ge or small1 b ) a :ite or color$ petal-l p]ian? --#f4 #f;a4 ,fl[]s small1 n exce$+ #c mm4 9 l5g? or bread? --#add4 #f;b4 ,fl[]s l>g]1 m ?an #c mm4 9 l5g? or bread? --#aff4 --#g-- #g;a4 ,leaves twice to ?ree times comp\nd or dissect$ --#h4 #g;b4 ,leaves once-comp\nd --#aa4 #h;a4 ,fl[]s 9 racemes #b;b1 9 ,,fum>iaceae1 p4 #da4 #h;b4 ,fl[]s 9 umbels --#i4 #i;a4 ,fl[]s ab\t #c mm4 wide1 :ite or gre5i%-:ite --#aj4 #i;b4 ,fl[]s #aj-bj mm4 wide1 conspicu\s #de;b1 9 ,,ranunculaceae1 p4 #ci4 #aj;a4 ,leaflets #e-ae cm4 long #e;b1 9 ,,araliaceae1 p4 #hj4 #aj;b4 ,leaflets n ov] #b cm4 long #af;a1 9 ,,umbellif]ae1 p4 #ha4 #aa;a4 ,leaflets #b #c;a1 9 ,,b]b]idaceae1 p4 #dj4 #aa;b4 ,leaflets ?ree or m --#ab4 #ab;a4 ,leaflets entire or v f9ely too!d --#ac4 #ab;b4 ,leaflets co>sely too!d or lob$ --#ae4 #ac;a4 ,fl[]s irregul>1 9 d5se head-l umbels #cg;a1 9 ,,legum9osae1 p4 #fa4 #ac;b4 ,fl[]s consi/+ ( a gre5i% or purpli% bract :olly or p>tly enclos+ a fle%y spike #b1 9 ,,araceae1 p4 #h4 #ac;c4 ,fl[]s regul>1 solit>y or 9 loose clu/]s --#ad4 #ad;a4 ,leaflets rev]se he>t-%ape1 n ov] #b cm4 long ,,oxalidaceae1 p4 #fd4 #ad;b4 ,leaflets #d-aj cm4 long #a;c1 9 ,,g5tianaceae1 p4 #hh4 #ae;a4 ,fl[]s ) color$ or :ite petals & gre5 or color$ sepals --#af4 #ae;b4 ,fl[]s ) "o k9d ( p]ian? only 7calyx71 ) broad & petal-l p>ts #cb1 9 ,,ranunculaceae1 p4 #ch4 #ae;c4 ,fl[]s ) :ite petal-l sepals & small inconspicu\s petals #ch;b1 9 ,,ranunculaceae1 p4 #ci4 #af;a4 ,petals & sepals ea* #d #ca1 9 ,,crucif]ae1 p4 #dd4 #af;b4 ,petals & sepals ea* #e or m --#ag4 #ag;a4 ,leaves ) /ipules ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ea4 #ag;b4 ,leaves )\t /ipules #bc;b1 9 ,,ranunculaceae1 p4 #cg4 --#ah-- #ah;a4 ,/em-leaves a s+le opposite pair 7basal leaves may also be pres5t7 --#ai4 #ah;b4 ,/em-leaves none --#bc4 #ai;a4 ,leaves entire --#bj4 #ai;b4 ,leaves too!d or lob$ --#ba4 #bj;a4 ,fl[]s solit>y2 leaves broadly kidney-%ape ,,ari/olo*iaceae1 p4 #be4 #bj;b4 ,fl[]s 9 racemes2 leaves l9e> or lanceolate ,,portulacaceae1 p4 #cd4 #ba;a4 ,fl[]s 9 racemes2 petals deeply too!d #bc;b1 9 ,,saxifragaceae1 p4 #ea4 #ba;b4 ,fl[]s solit>y or few 9 a clu/]2 petals entire or ne>ly s --#bb4 #bb;a4 ,petals #e ,,g]aniaceae1 p4 #fd4 #bb;b4 ,petals #f or m #b;b1 9 ,,b]b]idaceae1 p4 #dj4 #bc;a4 ,fl[]s or fl[]-clu/]s sessile1 at or p>tly b5ea? ! surface ( ! gr\nd #d;a1 9 ,,araceae1 p4 #h4 #bc;b4 ,fl[]s or fl[]-heads solit>y at ! ends ( ! fl[]-/alks --#bd4 #bc;b4 ,fl[]s or fl[]-heads num]\s or sev]al on ea* fl[]-/alk --#ch4 #bd;a4 ,fl[]s yell[ --#be4 #bd;b4 ,fl[]s n yell[ --#bi4 #be;a4 ,juice milky #af1 9 ,,compositae1 p4 #aae4 #be;b4 ,juice n milky --#bf4 #bf;a4 ,aquatic or mud plants1 ) l>ge entire leaves #a-d dm4 wide ,,nymphaeaceae1 p4 #ce4 #bf;b4 ,l& plants1 ) small] or lob$ leaves --#bg4 #bg;a4 ,fl[]-/alk scaly #aaj1 9 ,,compositae1 p4 #abb4 #bg;b4 ,fl[]-/alk b>e or ) #a to #b m9ute bracts --#bh4 #bh;a4 ,fl[]s regul> #aj1 9 ,,ranunculaceae1 p4 #cf4 #bh;b4 ,fl[]s irregul>1 ) a spur #c;a1 9 ,,violaceae1 p4 #ge4 #bi;a4 ,fl[]s obvi\sly irregul>1 ) a spur --#cj4 #bi;b4 ,fl[]s regul> or ne>ly s1 )\t a spur --#ca4 #cj;a4 ,leaves sessile or ne>ly s2 /am5s #b ,,l5tibul>iaceae1 p4 #aje4 #cj;b4 ,leaves petiol$2 /am5s #e ,,violaceae1 p4 #ge4 #ca;a4 ,fl[]s #c mm4 wide or small]2 leaves ?read-l #af;a1 9 ,,scrophul>iaceae1 p4 #ajc4 #ca;b4 ,fl[]s #f mm4 wide or l>g] --#cb4 #cb;a4 ,ov>y #a --#cc4 #cb;b4 ,ov>ies num]\s --#cg4 #cc;a4 ,leaves lob$ or cleft --#cd4 #cc;b4 ,leaves entire or too!d --#ce4 #cd;a4 ,leaves deeply #b-;cleft2 /am5s #h #c;a1 9 ,,b]b]idaceae1 p4 #dj4 #cd;b4 ,leaf #a1 palmately lob$2 /am5s num]\s #a;a1 9 ,,papav]aceae1 p4 #da4 #ce;a4 ,fl[]s dull r$ ,,ari/olo*iaceae1 p4 #be4 #ce;b4 ,fl[]s :ite or p9ki% --#cf4 #cf;a4 ,leaves entire2 /am5s ) good an!rs #e #ac1 9 ,,saxifragaceae1 p4 #ej4 #cf;b4 ,leaves m9utely too!d2 /am5s #h-aj #ad;a1 9 ,,ericaceae1 p4 #he4 #cg;a4 ,leaves lob$ or divid$ ,,ranunculaceae1 p4 #ce4 #cg;b4 ,leaves cr5ate or too!d #fd;a1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ef4 --#ch-- #ch;a4 ,fl[]s ( ! composite type1 ) sev]al or _m small fl[]ets closely aggregat$ into a d5se head surr\nd$ by a calyx-l involucre ( small bracts #aj1 9 ,,compositae4 p4 #aad4 #ch;b4 ,fl[]s sep>ate2 v>i\sly clu/]$1 b nev] cr[d$ into involucr$ heads --#ci4 #ci;a4 ,fl[]s 9 d5se close spikes --#dj4 #ci;b4 ,fl[]s 9 op5 loose clu/]s --#db4 #dj;a4 ,fl[]-/alk leafless bel[ ! spike ,,plantag9aceae1 p4 #ajg4 #dj;b4 ,fl[]-/alk ) sev]al bracts --#da4 #da;a4 ,leaves entire #i;c1 9 ,,or*idaceae1 p4 #af4 #da;b4 ,leaves too!d #f;a1 9 ,,scrophul>iaceae1 p4 #ajb4 #db;a4 ,fl[]s 9 umbels --#dc4 #db;b4 ,fl[]s 9 racemes1 panicles1 flat-topp$ clu/]s1 or m]ely #a or #b --#de4 #dc;a4 ,leaves almo/ r\nd1 peltate1 palmately ve9$ #c;a1 9 ,,umbellif]ae1 p4 #hj4 #dc;b4 ,leaves at lea/ twice z long z broad1 ) a s+le mid-ve9 --#dd4 #dd;a4 ,/am5s #e ,,primulaceae1 p4 #hg4 #dd;b4 ,/am5s #aj #ae1 9 ,,ericaceae1 p4 #he4 #de;a4 ,leaves cyl9drical1 holl[1 obtuse4 #a;a1 9 ,,lobeliaceae1 p4 #aac4 #de;b4 ,leaves beset on ! upp] side ) long gl&ul> hairs2 bog plant ) fl[]s 9 racemes ,,dros]aceae1 p4 #dh4 #de;c4 ,leaves flat1 pubesc5t or smoo?1 b n ) long gl&ul> hairs --#df4 #df;a4 ,sepals & petals ea* #d #ec1 9 ,,crucif]ae1 p4 #df4 #df;b4 ,sepals & petals ea* #e --#dg4 #df;c4 ,sepals #f2 petals none2 fl[]s m9ute1 gre52 leaves frequ5tly lob$ at ! base #d1 9 ,,polygonaceae1 p4 #be4 #dg;a4 ,petals unit$ ) ea* o!r 9 an irregul> corolla ,,l5tibul>iaceae1 p4 #aje4 #dg;b4 ,petals sep>ate f ea* o!r --#dh4 #dh;a4 ,/am5s #aj2 /yle #a ,,ericaceae1 p4 #hd4 #dh;b4 ,/am5s #e or #aj2 /yles #b ,,saxifragaceae1 p4 #di4 #dh;c4 ,/am5s & pi/ils ea* v num]\s --#di4 #di;a4 ,fl[]s :ite #fd;a1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ef4 #di;b4 ,fl[]s yell[ #ac;a1 9 ,,ranunculaceae1 p4 #cf4 --#ej-- #ej;a4 ,leaves comp\nd or deeply lob$ --#ea4 #ej;b4 ,leaves entire or too!d --#ed4 #ea;a4 ,fl[]s 9 axill>y racemes1 spikes1 or panicles ,,urticaceae1 p4 #bc4 #ea;b4 ,fl[]s t]m9al1 or 9 t]m9al clu/]s --#eb4 #eb;a4 ,fl[]s 9 umbels2 leaves palmately comp\nd ,,araliaceae1 p4 #hj4 #eb;b4 ,fl[]s 9 racemes or spikes1 or solit>y --#ec4 #ec;a4 ,leaves deeply p9natifid2 swamp plants ) fl[]s 9 spikes or solit>y ,,haloragidaceae1 p4 #gi4 #ec;b4 ,leaves lob$1 or irregul>ly p9nately cut or dissect$2 we$y plants ) fl[]s 9 racemes #b1 9 ,,compositae1 p4 #aad4 #ed;a4 ,juice milky #c1 9 ,,euphorbiaceae1 p4 #fg4 #ed;b4 ,juice n milky or color$ --#ee4 #ee;a4 ,leaves :orl$ --#ef4 #ee;b4 ,leaves all opposite --#eh4 #ef;a4 ,aquatic or mud plants ) erect /ems #b;a1 9 ,,haloragidaceae1 p4 #gi4 #ef;b4 ,pro/rate we$y t]re/rial plants ,,aizoaceae1 p4 #ca4 #ef;c4 ,erect or asc5d+ t]re/rial plants --#eg4 #eg;a4 ,leaves m ?an #b4e cm4 long #d;a1 9 ,,cornaceae1 p4 #hc4 #eg;b4 ,leaves #b cm4 long or less #c;a1 9 ,,primulaceae1 p4 #hg4 #eh;a4 ,fl[]s 9 t]m9al or axill>y spikes1 racemes1 or o!r clu/]s --#ei4 #eh;b4 ,fl[]s solit>y or few 9 ! axils ( ! leaves --#fa4 #ei;a4 ,leaves less ?an #e mm4 long #a;a1 9 ,,g5tianaceae1 p4 #hh4 #ei;b4 ,leaves m ?an #b cm4 long --#fj4 #fj;a4 ,infloresc5ce *iefly t]m9al1 panicl$ #b1 9 ,,compositae1 p4 #aad4 #fj;b4 ,infloresc5ce *iefly axill>y ,,urticaceae1 p4 #bc4 #fa;a4 ,fl[]s on long p$icels #b1 9 ,,c>yophyllaceae1 p4 #ca4 #fa;b4 ,fl[]s on %ort p$icels or sessile --#fb4 #fb;a4 ,/em erect1 repeat$ly bran*$2 leaves l9e> to oblong ,,illecebraceae1 p4 #ca4 #fb;b4 ,/em decumb5t or pro/rate --#fc4 #fc;a4 ,leaves r\nd1 ovate1 or kidney-%ape1 r\nd$ at ! base1 cr5ate or lob$ #ab;a1 9 ,,saxifragaceae1 p4 #ej4 #fc;b4 ,leaves ( a n>r[] %ape1 entire1 tap]+ t[>d ! base --#fd4 #fd;a4 ,pr9cipal leaves #b-c cm4 long #a;a1 9 ,,onagraceae1 p4 #gh4 #fd;b4 ,pr9cipal leaves #a cm4 long or less --#fe4 #fe;a4 ,petals pres5t ,,elat9aceae1 p4 #gd4 #fe;b4 ,petals none ,,callitri*aceae1 p4 #fh4 --#ff-- #ff;a4 ,plants ( ! composite type1 ) sev]al or _m small fl[]ets closely aggregat$ into a d5se head surr\nd$ or subt5d$ by a calyx-l involucre ( small bracts --#fg4 #ff;b4 ,fl[]s solit>y or v>i\sly clu/]$1 b n 9 involucr$ heads --#gj4 #fg;a4 ,involucre ( #d conspicu\s :ite bracts1 mu* l>g] ?an ! small fl[]-clu/] #d;a1 9 ,,cornaceae1 p4 #hc4 #fg;b4 ,involucral bracts gre5 or some:at color$ --#fh4 #fh;a4 ,/em m or less prickly ,,dipsacaceae1 p4 #aab4 #fh;b4 ,/em & leaves n prickly --#fi4 #fi;a4 ,/em squ>e2 foliage aromatic :5 cru%$ ,,labiatae1 p4 #ie4 #fi;b4 ,/em n squ>e2 foliage n ) ! odor ( m9t ,,compositae1 p4 #aac4 #gj;a4 ,! conspicu\s portion ( ! p]ian?#a compos$ ( sep>ate p>ts --#ga4 #gj;b4 ,! conspicu\s portion ( ! p]ian?#a compos$ ( unit$ p>ts --#ig4 #ga;a4 ,/em-leaves comp\nd1 or cleft to ! v base --#gb4 #ga;b4 ,/em-leaves simple --#gh4 #gb;a4 ,/am5s m ?an #aj 9 ea* fl[] --#gc4 #gb;b4 ,/am5s #e-aj 9 ea* fl[] --#ge4 #gc;a4 ,ov>y #a 9 ea* fl[] #b;a1 9 ,,papav]aceae1 p4 #da4 #gc;b4 ,ov>ies sev]al 9 ea* fl[] --#gd4 #gd;a4 ,leaves p9nately comp\nd #fh;a1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #eg4 #gd;b4 ,leaves palmately comp\nd ,,ranunculaceae1 p4 #ce4 #ge;a4 ,/am5s #f #ca1 9 ,,crucif]ae1 p4 #dd4 #ge;b4 ,/am5s #e or #aj --#gf4 #gf;a4 ,leaflets rev]se he>t-%ape2 fl[]s yell[ ,,oxalidaceae1 p4 #fd4 #gf;b4 ,leaflets n rev]se he>t-%ape2 fl[]s :ite1 gre5i%1 or p9k --#gg4 #gg;a4 ,fl[]s gre5i% or :ite1 ab\t #b mm4 broad ,,araliaceae1 p4 #hj4 #gg;b4 ,fl[]s #e mm4 broad or l>g] ,,g]aniaceae1 p4 #fd4 #gh;a4 ,juice milky --#gi4 #gh;b4 ,juice n milky --#hj4 #gi;a4 ,a #c-lob$ ov>y ) #c %ort /yles visible 9 "s ( ! fl[]s ,,euphorbiaceae1 p4 #ff4 #gi;b4 ,ov>ies #b 9 ! c5t] ( ea* fl[] 7sometimes conceal$ by o!r organs72 sepals & petals ea* #e --#ajd4 #hj;a4 ,p]ian? ) "o circle ( p>ts only --#ha4 #hj;b4 ,ea* fl[] ) bo? calyx & corolla --#hb4 #ha;a4 ,/em pro/rate2 fl[]s only #b mm4 broad ,,aizoaceae1 p4 #ca4 #ha;b4 ,/em erect2 fl[]s at lea/ #bj mm4 wide #d;a1 9 ,,cornaceae1 p4 #hc4 #hb;a4 ,petals #b or #d --#hc4 #hb;b4 ,petals #c #bb1 9,,liliaceae1 p4 #ab4 #hb;c4 ,petals #e or #f --#hd4 #hc;a4 ,leaves ) #c-e pr9cipal ve9s ,,mela/omaceae1 p4 #gg4 #hc;b4 ,leaves ) #a pr9cipal mid-ve9 ,,onagraceae1 p4 #gh4 #hd;a4 ,leaves palmately lob$ --#he4 #hd;b4 ,leaves entire or too!d1 or ) #a-b small lobes ne> ! base only --#hf4 #he;a4 ,petals entire or not*$ at ! end ,,g]aniaceae1 p4 #fd4 #he;b4 ,petals conspicu\sly fr+$ #bc;b1 9 ,,saxifragaceae1 p4 #ea4 #hf;a4 ,ov>y #a --#hg4 #hf;b4 ,ov>ies #b1 surr\nd$ & conceal$ by o!r organs ,,asclepiadaceae1 p4 #ij4 #hf;c4 ,ov>ies #d-e #b;b1 9 ,,crassulaceae1 p4 #dh4 #hg;a4 ,leaves dott$ ) transluc5t dots 7easily se5 :5 ! leaf is held to ! light7 ,,hyp]icaceae1 p4 #gc4 #hg;b4 ,leaves n dott$ ) transluc5t dots --#hh4 #hh;a4 ,leaves only #a-c mm4 long1 closely appress$ & conceal+ ! /em #b;a1 9 ,,ci/aceae1 p4 #gd4 #hh;b4 ,leaves l>g]1 n conceal+ ! /em --#hi4 #hi;a4 ,/yle #a or none --#ij4 #hi;b4 ,/yles #b to #g --#id4 #ij;a4 ,/am5s #e --#ia4 #ij;b4 ,/am5s #aj --#ib4 #ij;c4 ,/am5s nei!r #e nor #aj --#ic4 #ia;a4 ,fl[]s blue1 sessile 9 t]m9al spikes ) leaf-l bracts ,,ly?raceae1 p4 #gg4 #ia;b4 ,fl[]s n 9 t]m9al bract$ spikes ,,primulaceae1 p4 #hg4 #ib;a4 ,leaves entire ,,ly?raceae1 p4 #gg4 #ib;b4 ,leaves too!d or cr5ate ,,ericaceae1 p4 #hd4 #ic;a4 ,fl[]s irregul>2 petals #c ,,polygalaceae1 p4 #fe4 #ic;b4 ,fl[]s regul>2 petals #e or m ,,ly?raceae1 p4 #gg4 #id;a4 ,sepals #b1 p>tly atta*$ to ! ov>y ,,portulacaceae1 p4 #cd4 #id;b4 ,sepals #e1 free f ! ov>y --#ie4 #ie;a4 ,/am5s #e --#if4 #ie;b4 ,/am5s n #e ,,c>yophyllaceae1 p4 #ca4 #if;a4 ,fl[]s blue or yell[ ,,l9aceae1 p4 #fc4 #if;b4 ,fl[]s :ite or p9ki% ,,c>yophyllaceae1 p4 #ca4 --#ig-- #ig;a4 ,p]ian? ) b "o circle ( floral leaves --#ih4 #ig;b4 ,p]ian? consi/+ ( bo? calyx & corolla --#aja4 #ih;a4 ,fl[]s small1 9 d5se heads subt5d$ by conspicu\s bracts --#ii4 #ih;b4 ,fl[]s #b-e1 9 a color$ spread+ #e-lob$ involucre ,,nyctag9aceae1 p4 #ca4 #ih;c4 ,fl[]s 9 v>i\s sorts ( clu/]s or solit>y1 b nev] 9 heads ) a conspicu\s involucre --#ajj4 #ii;a4 ,bracts #d1 :ite & conspicu\s2 /em n ?orny #d;a1 9 ,,cornaceae1 p4 #hc4 #ii;b4 ,bracts gre52 /em ?orny ,,dipsacaceae1 p4 #aab4 #ajj;a4 ,/am5s #c ,,val]ianaceae1 p4 #aaa4 #ajj;b4 ,/am5s #d or #e ,,rubiaceae1 p4 #ajh4 #aja;a4 ,an!rs m num]\s ?an ! lobes ( ! corolla --#ajb4 #aja;b4 ,an!rs j z _m z ! lobes ( ! corolla --#ajc4 #aja;c4 ,an!rs few] ?an ! lobes ( ! corolla --#aaj4 #ajb;a4 ,leaves simple ,,polygalaceae1 p4 #fe4 #ajb;b4 ,leaves comp\nd ) #c leaflets ,,oxalidaceae1 p4 #fd4 #ajb;c4 ,leaves f9ely dissect$2 /ems climb+ #b;a1 9 ,,fum>iaceae1 p4 #da4 #ajc;a4 ,ov>ies #b --#ajd4 #ajc;b4 ,ov>y #a1 b v deeply #d-lob$1 ) a s+le /yle ,,labiatae1 p4 #ie4 #ajc;c4 ,ov>y #a1 n deeply lob$ --#aje4 #ajd;a4 ,/am5s unit$1 surr\nd+ & m or less conceal+ ! ov>ies1 & n resembl+ ord9>y /am5s ,,asclepiadaceae1 p4 #ij4 #ajd;b4 ,/am5s sep>ate1 ( ord9>y /ructure ,,apocynaceae1 p4 #ij4 #aje;a4 ,ov>y inf]ior1 appe>+ z a swell+ bel[ ! calyx at ! apex ( ! p$icel --#ajf4 #aje;b4 ,ov>y sup]ior1 locat$ 9 ! c5t] ( ! fl[] --#ajg4 #ajf;a4 ,corolla #c-d-lob$ ,,rubiaceae1 p4 #ajh4 #ajf;b4 ,corolla #e-lob$ #c;b1 9 ,,caprifoliaceae1 p4 #aji4 #ajg;a4 ,leaves too!d or deeply cut ,,v]b5aceae1 p4 #ii4 #ajg;b4 ,leaves entire --#ajh4 #ajh;a4 ,a /am5 9 front ( ! middle ( ea* petal ,,primulaceae1 p4 #hg4 #ajh;b4 ,/am5s locat$ betwe5 ! petals or lobes ( ! corolla1 or else s f> d[n 9 ! tubul> corolla t _! position is n easily asc]ta9$ --#aji4 #aji;a4 ,corolla salv]-=m1 ) a v sl5d] tube1 & abruptly spread+ lobes ,,polemoniaceae1 p4 #ib4 #aji;b4 ,corolla salv]-=m1 ) a wide tube & fr+$ blue petals ,,g5tianaceae1 p4 #hh4 #aji;c4 ,corolla rotate1 funnel-=m1 or bell-%ape ,,g5tianaceae1 p4 #hh4 #aaj;a4 ,ov>y deeply #d-lob$1 appe>+ l #d sep>ate ov>ies2 /yle #a ,,labiatae1 p4 #ie4 #aaj;b4 ,ov>y n #d-lob$ --#aaa4 #aaa;a4 ,/am5s #b --#aab4 #aaa;b4 ,/am5s #c ,,val]ianaceae1 p4 #aaa4 #aaa;c4 ,/am5s #d --#aac4 #aab;a4 ,fl[]s 9 d5se heads #a;a1 9 ,,acan?aceae1 p4 #ajg4 #aab;b4 ,fl[]s solit>y or 9 loose clu/]s ,,scrophul>iaceae1 p4 #aja4 #aac;a4 ,corolla di/9ctly #b-lipp$ & irregul> --#aad4 #aac;b4 ,corolla n di/9ctly #b-lipp$1 its #e lobes all alike or ne>ly s --#aae4 #aad;a4 ,calyx #b-lipp$2 ! upp] lip ) #c awl-%ape tee?1 ! l[] ) #b %ort tee?2 fl[]s 9 sl5d] t]m9al spikes ,,phrymaceae1 p4 #ajg4 #aad;b4 ,calyx n obvi\sly #b-lipp$1 its tee? equal or ne>ly s ,,scrophul>iaceae1 p4 #aja4 #aae;a4 ,fl[]s sessile or ne>ly s1 9 spikes --#aaf4 #aae;b4 ,fl[]s 9 nodd+ pairs at ! top ( a sl5d] /alk #c;a1 9 ,,caprifoliaceae1 p4 #aji4 #aae;c4 ,fl[]s solit>y or 9 clu/]s2 n 9 spikes or nodd+ pairs --#aag4 #aaf;a4 ,corolla n ov] #a cm4 long ,,v]b5aceae1 p4 #ii4 #aaf;b4 ,corolla #a4e cm4 long or m ,,scrophul>iaceae1 p4 #aja4 #aag;a4 ,calyx-lobes #ae-be mm4 long2 fl[]s blue1 #c-e cm4 long2 calyx )\t an obvi\s tube #b1 9 ,,acan?aceae1 p4 #ajg4 #aag;b4 ,calyx-lobes unit$ bel[ into an obvi\s calyx-tube ,,scrophul>iaceae1 p4 #aja4 --#aah-- #aah;a4 ,leaves deeply lob$1 comp\nd1 or dissect$ --#aai4 #aah;b4 ,leaves simple & n deeply lob$ --#abi4 #aai;a4 ,leaves once-p9nately comp\nd or lob$ --#abj4 #aai;b4 ,leaves once-palmately comp\nd or lob$ --#abd4 #aai;c4 ,leaves dissect$ or #b-c times comp\nd --#abe4 #abj;a4 ,leaves m]ely lob$ --#aba4 #abj;b4 ,leaves actually comp\nd --#abc4 #aba;a4 ,fl[]s axill>y2 m>% or swamp plants ,,haloragidaceae1 p4 #gi4 #aba;b4 ,fl[]s 9 t]m9al clu/]s --#abb4 #abb;a4 ,/am5s #b-f2 ta/e mu/>d-l #eb;b1 9 ,,crucif]ae1 p4 #df4 #abb;b4 ,/am5s #aj or m ,,res$aceae1 p4 #dh4 #abc;a4 ,leaflets entire ,,limnan?aceae1 p4 #fh4 #abc;b4 ,leaflets s]rate #gj;a1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #eg4 #abd;a4 ,fl[]s solit>y #ca;a1 9 ,,ranunculaceae1 p4 #ch4 #abd;b4 ,fl[]s 9 d5se t]m9al umbels or heads ,,umbellif]ae1 p4 #hj4 #abd;c4 ,fl[]s 9 t]m9al racemes #b;a1 9 ,,compositae1 p4 #aad4 #abd;d4 ,fl[]s 9 axill>y spikes or panicles #i;b1 9 ,,urticaceae1 p4 #bd4 #abe;a4 ,leaves m]ely dissect$1 n truly comp\nd ) di/9ct leaflets --#abf4 #abe;b4 ,leaves truly comp\nd1 ) di/9ct petiolate leaflets --#abg4 #abf;a4 ,fl[]s 9 axill>y clu/]s ,,*5opodiaceae1 p4 #bh4 #abf;b4 ,fl[]s 9 t]m9al clu/]s ,,compositae1 p4 #aac4 #abg;a4 ,/am5s #e2 fl[]s 9 umbels --#abh4 #abg;b4 ,/am5s #f2 fl[]s 9 small clu/]s #c;b1 9 ,,b]b]idaceae1 p4 #dj4 #abg;c4 ,/am5s _m2 fl[]s 9 racemes or panicles ,,ranunculaceae1 p4 #ce4 #abh;a4 ,/yles #e ,,araliaceae1 p4 #hj4 #abh;b4 ,/yles #b ,,umbellif]ae1 p4 #hj4 #abi;a4 ,fl[]s 9 d5se cottony heads2 plants m or less :ite-woolly #gi1 9 ,,compositae1 p4 #abj4 #abi;b4 ,pi/illate fl[]s 9 an ovoid sp9y involucre1 rip5+ into a bur #c;a1 9 ,,compositae1 p4 #aad4 #abi;c4 ,fl[]s m9ute1 subt5d$ by palmately cleft axill>y bracts #a;a1 9 ,,euphorbiaceae1 p4 #ff4 #abi;d4 ,plants )\t any ( ! prec$+ *>act]s --#acj4 #acj;a4 ,plants ) milky or color$ juice #aj1 9 ,,euphorbiaceae1 p4 #fg4 #acj;b4 ,plants ) t5drils1 at lea/ on ! upp] leaves #d;a1 9 ,,liliaceae1 p4 #aa4 #acj;c4 ,plants ( nettle-l "*1 ) /++ hairs #h;b1 9 ,,urticaceae1 p4 #bd4 #acj;d4 ,plants ) %ea?+ /ipules1 surr\nd+ ! /em above ! base ( ea* leaf ,,polygonaceae1 p4 #be4 #acj;e4 ,plants ) smoo?1 pale1 juicy1 almo/ transluc5t /ems #ab;a1 9 ,,urticaceae1 p4 #bd4 #acj;f4 ,plants )\t any ( ! prec$+ /ructures or habits --#aca4 #aca;a4 ,fl[]s axill>y1 solit>y or 9 few-fl[]$ clu/]s --#acb4 #aca;b4 ,fl[]s 9 t]m9al1 or t]m9al & axill>y clu/]s --#ach4 #acb;a4 ,leaves l9e> ,,*5opodiaceae1 p4 #bh4 #acb;b4 ,leaves ( a broad] %ape ?an l9e> --#acc4 #acc;a4 ,fl[]-clu/]s ) bracts z long z or long] ?an ! fl[]s --#acd4 #acc;b4 ,fl[]s )\t conspicu\s bracts --#ace4 #acd;a4 ,leaves broade/ bel[ ! middle #h;a1 9 ,,urticaceae1 p4 #bd4 #acd;b4 ,leaves broade/ above ! middle #b1 9 ,,am>an?aceae1 p4 #cj4 #ace;a4 ,pr9cipal leaves #c cm4 long or m --#acf4 #ace;b4 ,pr9cipal leaves #b4e cm4 long or less --#acg4 #acf;a4 ,fl[]s nodd+ 9 ! axils ( ! leaves #a;a1 9 ,,violaceae1 p4 #ge4 #acf;b4 ,fl[]s erect 9 ! axils #b;a1 9 ,,onagraceae1 p4 #gh4 #acg;a4 ,leaves n>r[ly oblong #a;a1 9 ,,haloragidaceae1 p4 #gi4 #acg;b4 ,leaves r\ndi% & some:at he>t-%ape #ab;a1 9 ,,saxifragaceae1 p4 #ej4 #ach;a4 ,fl[]s 9 racemes or simple spikes --#aci4 #ach;b4 ,fl[]s 9 panicles or o!r bran*$ clu/]s --#ada4 #aci;a4 ,leaves too!d or lob$ #eb;b1 9 ,,crucif]ae1 p4 #df4 #aci;b4 ,leaves entire --#adj4 #adj;a4 ,fl[]s sessile2 leaves he>t-%ape ,,pip]aceae1 p4 #ai4 #adj;b4 ,fl[]s p$icell$2 leaves obovate #h;b1 9 ,,primulaceae1 p4 #hg4 #ada;a4 ,individual fl[]s di/9ct f ea* o!r1 on p$icels --#adb4 #ada;b4 ,individual fl[]s cr[d$ 9 close clu/]s1 or sep>ate & sessile --#adc4 #adb;a4 ,leaves f9ely s]rate #c;b1 9 ,,crassulaceae1 p4 #di4 #adb;b4 ,leaves entire #a;b1 9 ,,ci/aceae1 p4 #gd4 #adc;a4 ,fl[]-clu/]s m+l$ ) %>p-po9t$ bracts ,,am>an?aceae1 p4 #cj4 #adc;b4 ,fl[]-clu/]s )\t bracts1 or 7r>ely7 ) bracts :i* are n %>p-po9t$ ,,*5opodiaceae1 p4 #bh4 --#add-- #add;a4 ,juice n milky --#ade4 #add;b4 ,juice milky2 app>5t fl[]s consi/+ ( a few :ite or color$ petal-l bracts1 inclos+ a few inconspicu\s fl[]s )\t petals4 ,9 "s ( !m a #c-lob$ ov>y ) #c /yles may be pla9ly se5 ,,euphorbiaceae1 p4 #ff4 #ade;a4 ,plants ( ! composite type1 ) sev]al or _m small fl[]ets closely aggregat$ into a d5se head subt5d$ by a calyx-l involucre ( small bracts --#adf4 #ade;b4 ,fl[]s solit>y or 9 clu/]s1 b n 9 involucr$ heads --#adg4 #adf;a4 ,leaves comp\nd ) #c leaflets2 /ipules pres5t ,,legum9osae1 p4 #eh4 #adf;b4 ,/ipules none ,,compositae1 p4 #aac4 #adg;a4 ,leaves comp\nd or deeply lob$ --#adh4 #adg;b4 ,leaves simple & n deeply lob$ --#aed4 #adh;a4 ,fl[]s irregul> ,,legum9osae1 p4 #eh4 #adh;b4 ,fl[]s regul> --#adi4 #adi;a4 ,petals #c ,,limnan?aceae1 p4 #fh4 #adi;b4 ,petals #d --#aej4 #adi;c4 ,petals #e or m --#aea4 #aej;a4 ,/am5s #d #gj;a1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #eg4 #aej;b4 ,/am5s #f ,,crucif]ae1 p4 #db4 #aej;c4 ,/am5s num]\s #dc1 9 ,,ranunculaceae1 p4 #ci4 #aea;a4 ,fl[]s 9 heads or umbels --#aeb4 #aea;b4 ,fl[]s 9 sl5d] spikes or racemes --#aec4 #aeb;a4 ,/yles #b ,,umbellif]ae1 p4 #hj4 #aeb;b4 ,/yles #e ,,araliaceae1 p4 #hj4 #aec;a4 ,leaves t]nately comp\nd #dc1 9 ,,ranunculaceae1 p4 #ci4 #aec;b4 ,leaves once-p9nately comp\nd #ej;b1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ee4 #aed;a4 ,fl[]s irregul> --#aee4 #aed;b4 ,fl[]s regul> --#aef4 #aee;a4 ,/am5s #b #dj;b1 9 ,,scrophul>iaceae1 p4 #ajd4 #aee;b4 ,/am5s #e or #aj ,,saxifragaceae1 p4 #di4 #aee;c4 ,/am5s #f or #h ,,polygalaceae1 p4 #fe4 #aef;a4 ,) %ea?+ /ipules surr\nd+ ! /em at ! base ( ea* leaf ,,polygonaceae1 p4 #bd4 #aef;b4 ,/ipules n encircl+ ! /em1 or none --#aeg4 #aeg;a4 ,petals #c ,,ci/aceae1 p4 #gd4 #aeg;b4 ,petals #d --#aeh4 #aeg;c4 ,petals #e --#afa4 #aeh;a4 ,/am5s #b --#aei4 #aeh;b4 ,/am5s #f ,,crucif]ae1 p4 #db4 #aeh;c4 ,/am5s #h --#afj4 #aei;a4 ,corolla p]fectly regul>2 fl[]s 9 t]m9al clu/]s )\t bracts1 becom+ racemes2 ta/e pepp]y #eb;a1 9 ,,crucif]ae1 p4 #df4 #aei;b4 ,corolla slightly irregul>2 fl[]s 9 bract$ clu/]s1 or axill>y2 ta/e n pepp]y #dj;b1 9 ,,scrophul>iaceae1 p4 #ajd4 #afj;a4 ,delicate trail+ ev]gre51 ) fl[]s solit>y 9 ! axils & ne>ly or q hidd5 b5ea? ! leaves #bb;b1 9 ,,ericaceae1 p4 #he4 #afj;b4 ,erect or ne>ly s2 fl[]s 9 t]m9al clu/]s #ab;b1 9 ,,onagraceae1 p4 #gh4 #afa;a4 ,leaves sword-%ape1 f9ely p>allel-ve9$1 ) bri/ly m>g9s #b;a1 9 ,,umbellif]ae1 p4 #hj4 #afa;b4 ,leaves n sword-%ape --#afb4 #afb;a4 ,leaves too!d or lob$ --#afc4 #afb;b4 ,leaves entire --#afd4 #afc;a4 ,/ems creep+ #b;b1 9 ,,umbellif]ae1 p4 #hj4 #afc;b4 ,/ems erect or ne>ly s ,,saxifragaceae1 p4 #di4 #afd;a4 ,fl[]s 9 op5 panicles2 leaves pr9cipally basal ,,saxifragaceae1 p4 #di4 #afd;b4 ,fl[]s 9 r\nd$ or flatt5$ clu/]s2 leaves pr9cipally on ! /em ,,santalaceae1 p4 #bd4 #afd;c4 ,fl[]s 9 racemes1 :i* become elongat$ at maturity --#afe4 #afe;a4 ,foliage glabr\s #h;b1 9 ,,primulaceae1 p4 #hg4 #afe;b4 ,foliage pubesc5t ,,borag9aceae1 p4 #ic4 --#aff-- #aff;a4 ,juice milky or color$ --#afg4 #aff;b4 ,juice wat]y1 n color$ --#agb4 #afg;a4 ,app>5t fl[]s consi/+ ( a few petal-l bracts1 inclos+ a few inconspicu\s fl[]s )\t petals4 ,9 "s ( !m a #c-lob$ ov>y ) #c /yles may be se5 ,,euphorbiaceae1 p4 #ff4 #afg;b4 ,plants ( ! composite type1 ) sev]al or _m small fl[]ets closely aggregat$ 9 d5se heads subt5d$ by a calyx-l involucre ( small bracts #aa1 9 ,,compositae1 p4 #aae4 #afg;c4 ,fl[]s nev] aggregat$ 9 involucr$ clu/]s resembl+ a s+le fl[] --#afh4 #afh;a4 ,corolla v irregul>2 /am5s protrud+ ,,lobeliaceae1 p4 #aac4 #afh;b4 ,corolla regul> --#afi4 #afi;a4 ,/am5s ) ord9>y visible an!rs2 ov>y #a --#agj4 #afi;b4 ,/am5s s gr[n toge!r & to ! /igma z to be almo/ unrecognizable2 ov>ies #b ,,asclepiadaceae1 p4 #ij4 #agj;a4 ,petals sep>ate ,,papav]aceae1 p4 #da4 #agj;b4 ,petals unit$ --#aga4 #aga;a4 ,/am5s atta*$ to ! tube ( ! corolla ,,convolvulaceae1 p4 #ia4 #aga;b4 ,/am5s atta*$ at ! v base ( ! corolla ,,campanulaceae1 p4 #aab4 #agb;a4 ,plants ( ! composite type1 ) sev]al or _m small fl[]ets closely aggregat$ into d5se heads subt5d$ by a calyx-l involucre ( small bracts --#agc4 #agb;b4 ,fl[]s solit>y or clu/]$1 b n 9 involucr$ heads --#agd4 #agc;a4 ,true composites1 )\t a normal calyx ,,compositae1 p4 #aac4 #agc;b4 ,a normal calyx ) ea* fl[]et2 leaves comp\nd ) #c leaflets ,,legum9osae1 p4 #eh4 #agd;a4 ,fl[]s irregul>1 i4 e41 ! conspicu\s lobes ( ! p]ian? unlike 9 size or %ape --#age4 #agd;b4 ,fl[]s regul> --#ahe4 #age;a4 ,/am5s #b or #d ,,scrophul>iaceae1 p4 #aja4 #age;b4 ,/am5s #e --#agf4 #age;c4 ,/am5s #f --#aha4 #age;d4 ,/am5s #h2 leaves simple ,,polygalaceae1 p4 #fe4 #age;e4 ,/am5s #aj2 leaves usually comp\nd ,,legum9osae1 p4 #eh4 #age;f4 ,/am5s m ?an #aj --#ahc4 #agf;a4 ,petals sep>ate --#agg4 #agf;b4 ,petals unit$ --#agi4 #agg;a4 ,fl[]s gre5i% or purpli%1 9 a panicle ,,saxifragaceae1 p4 #di4 #agg;b4 ,fl[]s :ite or purpli%1 9 comp\nd umbels ,,umbellif]ae1 p4 #hj4 #agg;c4 ,fl[]s solit>y1 or 9 few-fl[]$ clu/]s --#agh4 #agh;a4 ,fl[]s blue1 yell[1 or :ite1 9 spr+ ,,violaceae1 p4 #ge4 #agh;b4 ,fl[]s r$-orange or yell[1 9 summ] ,,balsam9aceae1 p4 #ga4 #agh;c4 ,fl[]s small & gre5i%1 9 spr+ #a;a1 9 ,,violaceae1 p4 #ge4 #agi;a4 ,an!rs unit$2 /am5s protrud+ f ! v irregul> corolla ,,lobeliaceae1 p4 #aac4 #agi;b4 ,an!rs sep>ate2 corolla almo/ regul> --#ahj4 #ahj;a4 ,corolla rotate2 "s or all filam5ts hairy #b1 9 ,,scrophul>iaceae1 p4 #aja4 #ahj;b4 ,corolla funnel-=m1 dull yell[ & purple2 filam5ts n hairy #ab;a1 9 ,,solanaceae1 p4 #aja4 #ahj;c4 ,corolla funnel-=m1 blue or violet2 filam5ts n hairy #g;b1 9 ,,borag9aceae1 p4 #id4 #aha;a4 ,leaves comp\nd or dissect$ ,,fum>iaceae1 p4 #da4 #aha;b4 ,leaves simple --#ahb4 #ahb;a4 ,fl[]s solit>y ,,ari/olo*iaceae1 p4 #be4 #ahb;b4 ,fl[]s 9 spikes1 heads1 or racemes ,,polygalaceae1 p4 #fe4 #ahc;a4 ,leaves truly comp\nd --#ahd4 #ahc;b4 ,leaves palmately cleft2 fl[]s #ae mm4 wide or l>g] #f;a1 9 ,,ranunculaceae1 p4 #cf4 #ahc;c4 ,leaves irregul>ly cleft2 fl[]s ab\t #e mm4 wide ,,res$aceae1 p4 #dh4 #ahd;a4 ,petals prolong$ backw>d into holl[ spurs #f;b1 9 ,,ranunculaceae1 p4 #cf4 #ahd;b4 ,petals n prolong$ into spurs ,,capp>idaceae1 p4 #dg4 --#ahe-- #ahe;a4 ,p]ian? consi/+ ( "o circle ( p>ts only 7usually consid]$ to be ! calyx7 --#ahf4 #ahe;b4 ,p]ian? consi/+ ( bo? calyx & corolla --#aib4 #ahf;a4 ,leaves ) %ea?+ /ipules encircl+ ! /em above ! base ( e leaf ,,polygonaceae1 p4 #be4 #ahf;b4 ,leaves )\t %ea?+ /ipules --#ahg4 #ahg;a4 ,leaves entire --#ahh4 #ahg;b4 ,leaves too!d1 lob$1 or comp\nd --#aij4 #ahh;a4 ,/am5s #e ,,santalaceae1 p4 #bd4 #ahh;b4 ,/am5s #f --#ahi4 #ahh;c4 ,/am5s #aj ,,phytolaccaceae1 p4 #cj4 #ahi;a4 ,p]ian?-lobes #c2 p]ian?-tube curv$ ,,ari/olo*iaceae1 p4 #be4 #ahi;b4 ,p]ian?-lobes #f1 spread+ #d;a1 9 ,,liliaceae1 p4 #aa4 #aij;a4 ,/am5s #e ,,umbellif]ae1 p4 #hj4 #aij;b4 ,/am5s #f --#aia4 #aij;c4 ,/am5s m ?an #f ,,ranunculaceae1 p4 #ce4 #aia;a4 ,climb+ plant ) he>t-%ape p]ian? #b;a1 9 ,,fum>iaceae1 p4 #da4 #aia;b4 ,erect plant1 ) spread+ p]ian? #c;b1 9 ,,b]b]idaceae1 p4 #dj4 #aib;a4 ,corolla compos$ ( unit$ petals --#aic4 #aib;b4 ,corolla compos$ ( sep>ate petals --#bjh4 #aic;a4 ,/am5s #b or #d ,,scrophul>iaceae1 p4 #aja4 #aic;b4 ,/am5s #c2 climb+ v9es ,,cucurbitaceae1 p4 #aab4 #aic;c4 ,/am5s #e --#aid4 #aic;d4 ,/am5s #f #b;a1 9 ,,fum>iaceae1 p4 #da4 #aic;e4 ,/am5s #h #bb;b1 9 ,,ericaceae1 p4 #he4 #aic;f4 ,/am5s #aj --#bjg4 #aic;g4 ,/am5s v num]\s ,,malvaceae1 p4 #gb4 #aid;a4 ,ov>ies #b2 fl[]s orange-r$1 9 umbels #g;a1 9 ,,asclepiadaceae1 p4 #ia4 #aid;b4 ,ov>y #a1 deeply #d-lob$2 fl[]s 9 racemes ,,borag9aceae1 p4 #ic4 #aid;c4 ,ov>y #a1 n deeply lob$ --#aie4 #aie;a4 ,climb+ or scrambl+ v9es --#aif4 #aie;b4 ,n climb+ or scrambl+ --#aih4 #aif;a4 ,fl[]s ab\t #a cm4 wide --#aig4 #aif;b4 ,fl[]s #b-h cm4 wide ,,convolvulaceae1 p4 #ia4 #aig;a4 ,leaves #a cm4 wide or less #b;b1 9 ,,campanulaceae1 p4 #aab4 #aig;b4 ,leaves #b cm4 wide or m #d;a1 9 ,,solanaceae1 p4 #ajj4 #aih;a4 ,fl[]s solit>y1 ei!r t]m9al or axill>y --#aii4 #aih;b4 ,fl[]s 9 t]m9al clu/]s --#bja4 #aii;a4 ,calyx conceal$ by #b bracts ,,convolvulaceae1 p4 #ia4 #aii;b4 ,calyx n completely conceal$ by bracts --#bjj4 #bjj;a4 ,ov>y inf]ior1 appe>+ z a swell+ bel[ ! calyx at ! base ( ! fl[]1 #c-;cell$2 /igma #c-lob$ ,,campanulaceae1 p4 #aab4 #bjj;b4 ,ov>y sup]ior1 locat$ 9 ! c5t] ( ! fl[] ,,solanaceae1 p4 #ajj4 #bja;a4 ,"s or all filam5ts hairy --#bjb4 #bja;b4 ,filam5ts n hairy --#bjc4 #bjb;a4 ,leaves lob$ or divid$ ,,hydrophyllaceae1 p4 #ic4 #bjb;b4 ,leaves n lob$ #b1 9 ,,scrophul>iaceae1 p4 #aja4 #bjc;a4 ,an!rs close toge!r1 long] ?an ! filam5ts #b1 9 ,,solanaceae1 p4 #ajj4 #bjc;b4 ,an!rs sep>ate f ea* o!r --#bjd4 #bjd;a4 ,leaves comp\nd or v deeply lob$ --#bje4 #bjd;b4 ,leaves simple or ) %all[ lobes only --#bjf4 #bje;a4 ,leaf-segm5ts l9e> or oblong1 irregul> ,,hydrophyllaceae1 p4 #ic4 #bje;b4 ,leaves truly comp\nd ) sep>ate leaflets #a;a1 9 ,,polemoniaceae1 p4 #ib4 #bjf;a4 ,fl[]s gre5i%-yell[ ,,solanaceae1 p4 #ajj4 #bjf;b4 ,fl[]s blue1 violet1 :ite1 or int]m$iate t9ts ,,campanulaceae1 p4 #aab4 #bjg;a4 ,leaves simple ,,ericaceae1 p4 #hd4 #bjg;b4 ,leaves comp\nd ,,oxalidaceae1 p4 #fd4 --#bjh-- #bjh;a4 ,petals #d --#bji4 #bjh;b4 ,petals #e --#bab4 #bjh;c4 ,petals #f or m --#bbg4 #bji;a4 ,/am5s #d or #h --#baj4 #bji;b4 ,/am5s #f1 #d long & #b %ort ,,crucif]ae1 p4 #db4 #bji;c4 ,/am5s #i or m ,,capp>idaceae1 p4 #dg4 #baj;a4 ,leaves comp\nd ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ea4 #baj;b4 ,leaves simple --#baa4 #baa;a4 ,ov>y #a1 inf]ior1 appe>+ z a swell+ bel[ ! calyx ,,onagraceae1 p4 #gh4 #baa;b4 ,ov>ies #d or #e1 9 ! c5t] ( ! fl[] ,,crassulaceae1 p4 #dh4 #bab;a4 ,/am5s ) good an!rs #e --#bac4 #bab;b4 ,/am5s #f to #aj --#bag4 #bab;c4 ,/am5s m ?an #aj --#bbb4 #bac;a4 ,fl[]s solit>y1 t]m9at+ ! /em #ab;b1 9 ,,saxifragaceae1 p4 #ej4 #bac;b4 ,fl[]s axill>y1 solit>y or 9 small clu/]s --#bad4 #bac;c4 ,fl[]s sev]al1 9 loose irregul> t]m9al clu/]s2 leaves simple ,,l9aceae1 p4 #fc4 #bac;d4 ,fl[]s 9 sl5d] spike-l racemes2 leaves comp\nd #ej;b1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ee4 #bac;e4 ,fl[]s 9 panicles #bj;a1 9 ,,saxifragaceae1 p4 #ej4 #bac;f4 ,fl[]s 9 umbels --#baf4 #bad;a4 ,leaves comp\nd #be;b1 9 ,,legum9osae1 p4 #fj4 #bad;b4 ,leaves simple --#bae4 #bae;a4 ,fl[]s blue or yell[1 erect or spread+ ,,l9aceae1 p4 #fc4 #bae;b4 ,fl[]s gre5i%1 nodd+ #a;a1 9 ,,violaceae1 p4 #ge4 #baf;a4 ,fl[]s p9k or purple ,,g]aniaceae1 p4 #fd4 #baf;b4 ,fl[]s yell[ or :ite ,,umbellif]ae1 p4 #hj4 #bag;a4 ,leaves comp\nd ) #c leaflets --#bah4 #bag;b4 ,leaves p9nately comp\nd --#bai4 #bag;c4 ,leaves deeply palmately lob$ ,,g]aniaceae1 p4 #fd4 #bag;d4 ,leaves simple & n deeply lob$ --#bbj4 #bah;a4 ,leaflets rev]se he>t-%ape2 fl[]s yell[ ,,oxalidaceae1 p4 #fd4 #bah;b4 ,leaflets tap]-po9t$2 fl[]s :ite or p9k #gc1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #eg4 #bai;a4 ,leaflets entire #bd1 9 ,,legum9osae1 p4 #fj4 #bai;b4 ,leaflets too!d #ej;b1 9 ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ee4 #bbj;a4 ,pro/rate plants1 ) ?ick1 fle%y1 entire leaves #c1 9 ,,portulacaceae1 p4 #cd4 #bbj;b4 ,bu%y bran*$ plants1 ) small gray leaves conceal+ ! /em #b;a1 9 ,,ci/aceae1 p4 #gd4 #bbj;c4 ,erect or spread+ plants --#bba4 #bba;a4 ,ov>y #a1 /yle #a #d;a1 9 ,,ericaceae1 p4 #hd4 #bba;b4 ,ov>y ) #b di/9ct /yles ,,saxifragaceae1 p4 #di4 #bba;c4 ,ov>ies #e2 /yles #e ,,crassulaceae1 p4 #dh4 #bbb;a4 ,/am5s unit$ by _! filam5ts into a tube ,,malvaceae1 p4 #gb4 #bbb;b4 ,/am5s sep>ate f ea* o!r --#bbc4 #bbc;a4 ,leaves ) /ipules2 ov>ies m ?an #a ,,rosaceae1 p4 #ea4 #bbc;b4 ,leaves )\t /ipules --#bbd4 #bbd;a4 ,leaves too!d1 deeply lob$1 or comp\nd ,,ranunculaceae1 p4 #ce4 #bbd;b4 ,leaves entire --#bbe4 #bbe;a4 ,ov>ies num]\s ,,ranunculaceae1 p4 #ce4 #bbe;b4 ,ov>y #a --#bbf4 #bbf;a4 ,sepals #b ,,portulacaceae1 p4 #cd4 #bbf;b4 ,sepals #c or #e ,,ci/aceae1 p4 #gd4 --#bbg-- #bbg;a4 ,leaves entire ,,ly?raceae1 p4 #gg4 #bbg;b4 ,leaves lob$1 divid$1 dissect$1 or comp\nd --#bbh4 #bbh;a4 ,fl[]s 9 sl5d] racemes ,,res$aceae1 p4 #dh4 #bbh;b4 ,fl[]s solit>y or clu/]$1 b n 9 sl5d] racemes --#bbi4 #bbi;a4 ,/am5s #f #c;b1 9 ,,b]b]idaceae1 p4 #dj4 #bbi;b4 ,/am5s num]\s ,,ranunculaceae1 p4 #ce4 #a ,9 mo/ fl[]s ! corolla is ! conspicu\s portion ( ! p]ian?1 & is compos$ ( unit$ or sep>ate petals1 z ! case may be4 ,9 "s fl[]s ! corolla is abs5t1 & ! calyx is ! conspicu\s portion4 ,,! ,,plants ,,( ,,mi*igan ,,p9aceae1 ! ,p9e ,family ,trees or %rubs1 usually ev]gre51 ) ne$le-l or scale-l leaves2 fruit a cone or b]ry4 #a;a4 ,leaves 9 clu/]s ( #b-e --#b4 #a;b4 ,leaves mo/ly 9 clu/]s ( #aj or m1 on %ort lat]al w>t-l bran*es1 decidu\s ea* autumn ,tam>ack1 ,l>ix l>ic9a4 #a;c4 ,leaves n 9 clu/]s --#d4 #b;a4 ,leaves 9 clu/]s ( #e ,:ite ,p9e1 ,p9us /robus4 #b;b4 ,leaves 9 clu/]s ( #b or #c --#c4 #c;a4 ,leaves #h-ae cm4 long ,norway ,p9e1 ,p9us res9osa4 #c;b4 ,leaves #b-d cm4 long ,jack ,p9e1 ,p9us banksiana4 #d;a4 ,leaves alt]nate or scatt]$ --#e4 #d;b4 ,leaves opposite or :orl$ --#h4 #e;a4 ,leaves f\r-sid$ --#f4 #e;b4 ,leaves flatt5$ --#g4 #f;a4 ,leaves #f-ab mm4 long ,black ,spruce1 ,picea m>iana4 #f;b4 ,leaves #ae-be mm4 long ,:ite ,spruce1 ,picea canad5sis4 #g;a4 ,leaves %ort-/alk$1 #ae mm4 long or less ,hemlock1 ,tsuga canad5sis4 #g;b4 ,leaves sessile1 #ae-cj mm4 long ,balsam1 ,abies balsamea4 #h;a4 ,leafy twigs s(t & flatt5$ ,:ite ,c$>1 ,?uja occid5talis4 #h;b4 ,leafy twigs n di/9ctly flatt5$ --#i4 #i;a4 ,leaves opposite --#aj4 #i;b4 ,leaves 9 :orls ( ?ree --#aa4 #aj;a4 ,erect %rub or tree ,r$ ,c$>1 ,junip]us virg9iana4 #aj;b4 ,pro/rate or spread+ %rub ,creep+ ,c$>1 ,junip]us horizontalis4 #aa;a4 ,erect %rub or small tree ,junip]1 ,junip]us communis4 #aa;b4 ,spread+ or asc5d+ %rub1 gr[+ 9 d5se mats ,l[ ,junip]1 ,junip]us communis v>4 depressa4 ,,taxaceae1 ! ,yew ,family ,%rubs1 ) ne$le-l ev]gre5 leaves2 fruit r$ & b]ry-l4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan2 /raggl+ %rub #a-c m4 high ,gr\nd ,hemlock1 ,taxus canad5sis4 ,,typhaceae1 ! ,cat-tail ,family ,erect plants #a-b m4 high1 ) l9e> leaves & t]m9al spikes ( br[n fl[]s1 appe>+ 9 summ]4 #a;a4 ,/am9ate & pi/illate portions ( ! fl[]-spike contigu\s1 ! latt] #b4e cm4 9 diamet] ,common ,cat-tail1 ,typha latifolia4 #a;b4 ,/am9ate & pi/illate portions ( ! spike sep>at$1 ! latt] #b cm4 or less 9 diamet] ,n>r[-leav$ ,cat-tail1 ,typha angu/ifolia4 ,,sp>ganiaceae1 ! ,bur-re$ ,family ,m>% plants ) l9e> leaves & sph]ical heads ( inconspicu\s gre5i% fl[]s1 appe>+ 9 summ]4 ,ab\t #e species occur 9 ,mi*igan1 ( :i* ! commone/ is ,bur-re$1 ,sp>ganium euryc>pum4 ,,najadaceae1 ! ,pondwe$ ,family ,aquatic plants ) subm]g$ or float+ leaves & inconspicu\s fl[]s 9 summ]4 #a;a4 ,leaves opposite or :orl$ --#b4 #a;b4 ,leaves alt]nate --#b;c4 #b;a4 ,leaves ?read-l1 #c-h cm4 long ,horn$ ,pondwe$1 ,zanni*ellia palu/ris4 #b;b4 ,leaves l9e>1 too!d1 abruptly dilat$ at ! base1 #c cm4 long or less 7,naiad7 --#c4 #b;c4 ,leaves entire1 n abruptly dilat$ at base #b,pondwe$1 ,potamogeton spp4 #c;a4 ,leaves ab\t #b mm4 wide1 %>ply & co>sely too!d ,naiad1 ,naias m>9a4 #c;b4 ,leaves v n>r[ly l9e>1 ) num]\s m9ute tee? ,naiad1 ,naias flexilis4 #b ,ab\t #cj species ( ,potamogeton occur 9 ,mi*igan1 among :i* ! mo/ conspicu\s is ,potamogeton natans1 ) elliptical float+ leaves4 ,= ! id5tification ( ! species ! ,manual mu/ be us$4 ,,juncag9aceae1 ! ,arr[ ,grass ,family ,m>% plants1 ) l9e> cyl9drical leaves & inconspicu\s fl[]s 9 spikes or racemes1 appe>+ 9 e>ly summ]4 #a;a4 ,leaves all basal2 fl[]s num]\s 9 a spike-l raceme 7,arr[ ,grass7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,/em-leaves pres5t2 fl[]s 9 a loose bract$ raceme 7#a-c dm4 high74 ,s*eu*z]ia1 ,s*eu*z]ia palu/ris4 #b;a4 ,fruit 7usually to be se5 at ! base ( ! raceme7 ovoid or oblong1 r\nd$ at ! base ,arr[ ,grass1 ,triglo*9 m>itima4 #b;b4 ,fruit l9e>1 n>r[$ at ! base 7#a-e dm4 high7 ,arr[ ,grass1 ,triglo*9 palu/ris4 ,,alismaceae1 ! ,wat] ,planta9 ,family ,m>% plants1 ) scape-l /ems2 fl[]s ) #c gre5 sepals1 #c :ite petals1 #f or m /am5s1 & sev]al sep>ate pi/ils4 #a;a4 ,ov>ies 9 a r+2 fl[]s 9 panicles 7#b-h dm4 high1 summ]7 ,wat] ,planta91 ,alisma ,plantago-aquatica4 #a;b4 ,ov>ies 9 a head2 fl[]s 9 racemes or umbels --#b4 #b;a4 ,fl[]s all p]fect1 9 a s+le umbel ( #b-h fl[]s2 /am5s #i 7leaves lanceolate2 #ae cm4 high or less2 summ]7 ,dw>f ,wat] ,planta91 ,e*9odorus t5ellus4 #b;b4 ,fl[]s 9 a raceme ( #c-;fl[]$ :orls1 ! l[] pi/illate1 ! upp] /am9ate2 /am5s usually m ?an n9e 7#a-aj dm4 high1 summ]7 7,arr[-head7 --#c4 #c;a4 ,leaves ovate to l9e>1 n sagittate at base --#d4 #c;b4 ,leaves broad or n>r[1 sagittate at base --#e4 #d;a4 ,pi/illate 7basal7 fl[]s sessile or ne>ly s 7#b-h dm4 high1 summ]7 ,arr[-head1 ,sagitt>ia het]ophylla4 #d;b4 ,pi/illate fl[]s ) obvi\s p$icels ,arr[-head1 ,sagitt>ia gram9ea4 #e;a4 ,basal lobes ( ! leaf conspicu\s1 triangul>1 almo/ or q z long z ! t]m9al portion --#f4 #e;b4 ,basal lobes small1 %ort1 l9e> --#d;b4 #f;a4 ,beak ( ! a*5e v %ort & erect2 r>e species ,arr[-head1 ,sagitt>ia arifolia4 #f;b4 ,beak ( ! a*5e %>p1 incurv$ at "r angles to ! body2 common species ,arr[-head1 ,sagitt>ia latifolia4 ,,hydro*>itaceae1 ! ,frog's ,bit ,family ,subm]g$ aquatics1 ) inconspicu\s fl[]s 9 summ]4 #a;a4 ,leaves all f ! base1 #b dm4 long or m ,eel ,grass1 ,vallisn]ia spiralis4 #a;b4 ,leaves on ! /em1 #b cm4 long or less ,wat]-we$1 ,elodea canad5sis4 ,,gram9eae1 ! ,grass ,family ,grasses1 ) l9e> or n>r[ %ea?+ leaves1 & v small fl[]s )\t p]ian? 9 ! axils ( *affy bracts1 appe>+ 9 late spr+ & summ]4 ,( ! l>ge numb] 7ov] #aej7 ( grasses 9 ,mi*igan1 only ! commone/ are includ$ "h1 & ! /ud5t is ref]r$ to ! ,manuals = a full treatm5t ( !m4 ,_! classification dep5ds *iefly ^u ! /ructure & arrangem5t ( ! spikelets4 ,^! consi/ typically ( a %ort axis1 ! ra*illa1 almo/ or q conceal$ by sev]al *affy bracts4 ,! two l[] bracts are t]m$ glumes1 & h no fl[]s 9 _! axils4 ,above ! glumes are two or m o!r bracts1 ! lemmas4 ,9 ! axil ( ea* lemma1 & usually conceal$ by x1 is a small] bract1 ! palea1 & betwe5 ! lemma & ! palea is a s+le fl[]4 ,! numb] ( fl[]s 9 a spikelet is !re=e normally equal to ! numb] ( lemmas4 ,! spikelets are gr\p$ 9 racemes1 spikes1 or panicles ( v>i\s size4 #a;a4 ,spikelets "o-fl[]$ --#b4 #a;b4 ,spikelets ) #b or m fl[]s --#bd4 #b;a4 ,spikelets gr\p$ into d5se solit>y cyl9drical spikes --#c4 #b;b4 ,spikelets arrang$ 9 panicles or 9 panicl$ spikes --#h4 #c;a4 ,spikelets )\t awns or bri/les1 or ) %ort awns n m ?an #c mm4 long --#d4 #c;b4 ,spikelets ) awns #b-e cm4 long1 t]m9at+ ! bracts ,squirrel-tail1 ,hordeum jubatum4 #c;c4 ,bracts ( ! spikelet )\t t]m9al awns1 b ! spikelets ) "o or m long bri/les aris+ f _! base --#f4 #d;a4 ,spike-l panicle ?ick5$ 9 ! middle1 m ?an #a cm4 ?ick ,bea* ,grass1 ,ammophila ar5>ia4 #d;b4 ,spike little or n at all ?ick5$ 9 ! middle1 less ?an #a cm4 ?ick --#e4 #e;a4 ,l[] bracts awn$2 /em erect1 unbran*$ ,timo?y1 ,phleum prat5se4 #e;b4 ,l[] scales unawn$2 /em bran*$ at ! base ,float+ ,foxtail1 ,alopecurus g5iculatus4 #f;a4 ,bri/les #e or m at ! base ( ea* spikelet ,yell[ ,foxtail1 ,set>ia glauca4 #f;b4 ,bri/les #a-c at ! base ( ea* spikelet --#g4 #g;a4 ,spikelets ab\t #b mm4 long2 bri/les n mu* long]1 gre5 ,gre5 ,foxtail1 ,set>ia viridis4 #g;b4 ,spikelets ab\t #c mm4 long2 bri/les mu* long]1 usually purple ,millet1 ,set>ia italica4 #h;a4 ,spikelets num]\s1 9 long sl5d] symmetrical spikes --#i4 #h;b4 ,spikelets 9 panicles1 racemes1 or loose spikes --#ac4 #i;a4 ,spikelets )\t awns2 plants #h dm4 high or less 7,crab ,grass7 --#aj4 #i;b4 ,spikelets ) awns2 plants #ab dm4 high or m --#ab4 #aj;a4 ,leaf-%ea?s all glabr\s4 ,crab ,grass1 ,digit>ia humifusa4 #aj;b4 ,l[] leaf-%ea?s hairy --#aa4 #aa;a4 ,axis ( ! spike flat1 ) w+-l m>g9s ,crab ,grass1 ,digit>ia sangu9alis4 #aa;b4 ,axis ( ! spike sl5d]1 )\t w+$ m>g9s ,crab ,grass1 ,digit>ia fili=mis4 #ab;a4 ,spikes num]\s1 appress$ to ! axis ( ! panicle2 tall m>% grass ,sl\gh ,grass1 ,sp>t9a mi*auxiana4 #ab;b4 ,spikes #b-f1 widely div]g5t2 plant ( dry gr\nd ,blue-jo9t1 ,&ropogon furcatus4 #ac;a4 ,spikelets subt5d$ by an ovoid ?orny involucre #c-h mm4 wide ,s& ,bur1 ,c5*rus c>ol9ianus4 #ac;b4 ,spikelets )\t a ?orny involucre --#ad4 #ad;a4 ,l[] bran*es ( ! panicle spread+1 be>+ /am9ate fl[]s1 ! upp] bran*es erect1 ) pi/illate fl[]s2 aquatic or m>% grass #b-d m4 high ,wild ,rice1 ,zizania aquatica4 #ad;b4 ,panicle uni=m ?r\gh\t --#ae4 #ae;a4 ,spikelets ) awns #b mm4 or m long --#af4 #ae;b4 ,spikelets n awn$1 or ) %ort inconspicu\s awns --#ah4 #af;a4 ,spikelets 9 solit>y raceme-l spikes2 awn ab\t #a cm4 long or m ,be>d ,grass1 ,&ropogon scop>ius4 #af;b4 ,spikelets 9 bran*+ clu/]s2 awn less ?an #a cm4 long --#ag4 #ag;a4 ,leaf-blade #d mm4 wide or n>r[]2 panicle sl5d] ,drop-se$1 ,muhl5b]gia s*reb]i4 #ag;b4 ,leaf-blade #f mm4 wide or m2 panicle /\t & co>se ,b>ny>d ,grass1 ,e*9o*loa crus-galli4 #ah;a4 ,spikelet plump & compact1 its bracts closely fold$ ab\t ea* o!r --#ai4 #ah;b4 ,spikelet v flat1 its two bracts closely fold$ toge!r ,cut-grass1 ,le]sia oryzoides4 #ah;c4 ,spikelet loose & op51 some:at flatt5$1 its #c bracts asc5d+ or spread+ & n closely fold$ ab\t ea* o!r --#bj4 #ai;a4 ,panicle ab\t half z long z ! entire plant2 leaves copi\sly hairy ,wit* ,grass1 ,panicum capill>e4 #ai;b4 ,panicle ( small] size ,panic-grasses1 v>i\s species ( ,panicum4 #bj;a4 ,panicle /rongly contract$ or spike-l2 plants ( s&-dunes --#d;a4 #bj;b4 ,panicle spread+ or slightly contract$2 axis ( ! spikelet beset ) bri/les2 leaves #b dm4 long or m2 m>% grass ,re$ ,grass1 ,calamagro/is canad5sis4 #bj;c4 ,panicle spread+ or some:at contract$1 b n spike-l2 axis ( ! spikelet )\t bri/les --#ba4 #ba;a4 ,panicle-bran*es erect or asc5d+ --#bb4 #ba;b4 ,panicle-bran*es /rongly spread+ --#bc4 #bb;a4 ,! two out] scales ( ! spikelet "o-f\r? z long z ! ?ird scale1 or sometimes "o ( !m abs5t --#ag;a4 #bb;b4 ,! glumes at lea/ half z long z ! lemma ,wood-grass1 ,muhl5b]gia mexicana4 #bc;a4 ,! *ief lat]al bran*es ( ! panicle divid+ & be>+ fl[]s bel[ _! middle ,r$-top1 ,agro/is alba4 #bc;b4 ,! *ief bran*es ( ! panicle divid+ only beyond ! middle ,hair ,grass1 ,agro/is hyemalis4 #bd;a4 ,spikelets arrang$ 9 two r[s to =m a def9ite spike --#be4 #bd;b4 ,spikelets 9 panicles1 nev] 9 def9ite r[s --#bi4 #be;a4 ,spikelets 9 a s+le r[ on "o side ( ! axis1 =m+ a "o-sid$ spike ,y>d ,grass1 ,eleus9e indica4 #be;b4 ,spikelets alt]nat+ on opposite sides ( ! axis1 =m+ a two-r[$ spike --#bf4 #bf;a4 ,spikelets 9 pairs at ea* jo9t1 =m+ a d5se spike 7,wild ,rye7 --#bg4 #bf;b4 ,spikelets s+le at ea* jo9t1 =m+ a loose1 op5 or int]rupt$ spike --#bh4 #bg;a4 ,glumes lanceolate ,wild ,rye1 ,elymus canad5sis4 #bg;b4 ,glumes n>r[ly subulate ,wild ,rye1 ,elymus virg9icus4 #bh;a4 ,spikelets ) _! edges t[>d ! axis ( ! spike ,rye ,grass1 ,lolium p]5ne4 #bh;b4 ,spikelets ) _! sides t[>d ! axis ( ! spike ,quack ,grass1 ,agropyron rep5s4 #bi;a4 ,glumes long] ?an ! lemmas ,oats1 ,av5a sativa4 #bi;b4 ,glumes %ort] ?an ! lemmas --#cj4 #cj;a4 ,axis ( ! spikelet beset ) conspicu\s long hairs ab\t equal+ ! lemmas2 tall m>% grass #a-d m4 high ,re$1 ,phragmites communis4 #cj;b4 ,spikelets )\t conspicu\s long hairs --#ca4 #ca;a4 ,spikelets sessile or ne>ly s1 =m+ cr[d$ or spike-l panicles --#cb4 #ca;b4 ,spikelets di/9ctly panicl$ --#cc4 #cb;a4 ,spikelets 9 d5se "o-sid$ clu/]s at ! ends ( ! panicle bran*es ,or*>d ,grass1 ,dactylis glom]ata4 #cb;b4 ,spikelets 9 an erect spike-l clu/] ,prairie ,june-grass1 ,koel]ia cri/ata4 #cc;a4 ,lemmas1 exclusive ( ! awn :5 pres5t1 #h mm4 long or m --#cd4 #cc;b4 ,lemmas1 exclusive ( ! awn :5 pres5t1 #f mm4 long or less --#ce4 #cd;a4 ,awns on ! lemmas #ab mm4 long or m ,brome-grass1 ,bromus tectorum4 #cd;b4 ,awns on ! lemmas #h mm4 long or less1 or none ,*eat1 ,bromus secal9us4 #ce;a4 ,lemmas ) #g %>p conspicu\s ve9s f base to apex ,manna ,grass1 ,glyc]ia n]vata4 #ce;b4 ,lemmas ) #c-e inconspicu\s ve9s --#cf4 #cf;a4 ,spikelets ) #e fl[]s or m --#cg4 #cf;b4 ,spikelets ) #b-d 7r>ely #e7 fl[]s --#dj4 #cg;a4 ,/ems tuft$ & decumb5t at base 7,love ,grass7 --#ch4 #cg;b4 ,/ems erect 7,fescue ,grass7 --#ci4 #ch;a4 ,spikelets #a4e mm4 wide ,love ,grass1 ,eragro/is pilosa4 #ch;b4 ,spikelets #c mm4 wide ,love ,grass1 ,eragro/is mega/a*ya4 #ci;a4 ,lemmas ) conspicu\s awns ,fescue ,grass1 ,fe/uca oct(lora4 #ci;b4 ,lemmas )\t awns ,fescue ,grass1 ,fe/uca elatior4 #dj;a4 ,tuft$ annual grass ,spe> ,grass1 ,poa annua4 #dj;b4 ,p]5nials1 ) erect fl[]+ /ems --#da4 #da;a4 ,/ems r\nd ,blue ,grass1 ,poa prat5sis4 #da;b4 ,/ems /rongly flatt5$ ,canadian ,blue ,grass1 ,poa compressa4 ,,cyp]aceae1 ! ,s$ge ,family ,grass-l or ru%-l plants1 ) l9e> leaves or leafless1 & inconspicu\s fl[]s 9 small *affy spikes4 ,ov] #bjj species occur 9 ,mi*igan1 ( :i* only ! commone/ are includ$ "h4 ,= ! rema9+ species ! ,manuals %\ld be consult$4 #a;a4 ,spikes all alike --#b4 #a;b4 ,! upp]mo/ spike or spikes :olly /am9ate1 ! l[] "o or m pi/illate2 ov>y & a*5e surr\nd$ by a sac1 ! p]igynium4 ,mature fruit is necess>y = satisfactory id5tification 7,s$ge7 --#ab4 #b;a4 ,/ems leafless1 be>+ "o or m spikes at or ne> ! top --#c4 #b;b4 ,/ems leafy --#f4 #c;a4 ,spike "o1 t]m9al & erect 7,spike ,ru%7 --#d4 #c;b4 ,spikes usually m ?an "o1 lat]al & spread+ --#e4 #d;a4 ,annual1 ) fibr\s roots ,spike ,ru%1 ,eleo*>is obtusa4 #d;b4 ,p]5nial1 ) a runn+ root/ock ,spike ,ru%1 ,eleo*>is palu/ris4 #e;a4 ,/em r\nd ,bulru%1 ,scirpus validus4 #e;b4 ,/em #c-;corn]$ ,?ree-squ>e1 ,scirpus am]icanus4 #f;a4 ,spikes axill>y along ! side ( ! /em ,duli*ium1 ,duli*ium1 arund9aceum4 #f;b4 ,spikes t]m9al --#g4 #g;a4 ,spikes subt5d$ by long conspicu\s leaves :i* greatly exce$ ! fl[] clu/]s --#h4 #g;b4 ,spikes n conspicu\sly exce$$ by ! bract-l leaves --#aj4 #h;a4 ,spikes 9 a d5se head-l clu/]1 :ite-woolly at maturity ,cotton ,grass1 ,eriophorum virg9icum4 #h;b4 ,spikes n 9 d5se heads1 nor :ite-woolly at maturity --#i4 #i;a4 ,p]5nial by a creep+ root/ock ,nut ,grass1 ,cyp]us escul5tus4 #i;b4 ,p]5nial by h>d basal corms ,cyp]us1 ,cyp]us /rigosus4 #aj;a4 ,bracts ( ! spike *e/nut-br[n ,twig ,ru%1 ,cladium m>iscoides4 #aj;b4 ,bracts ( ! spike gre5 or /raw-color 7,s$ge7 --#aa4 #aa;a4 ,spikes #c-h1 sep>ate ,s$ge1 ,c>ex /ram9ea4 #aa;b4 ,spikes v num]\s & d5sely cr[d$ ,s$ge1 ,c>ex vulp9oidea4 #ab;a4 ,a*5es flatt5$ ,s$ge1 ,c>ex cr9ita4 #ab;b4 ,a*5es #c-;angl$ --#ac4 #ac;a4 ,p]igynium tipp$ ) a %>p /raight #b-too!d beak --#ad4 #ac;b4 ,p]igynium ) a %ort s(t beak --#ag4 #ad;a4 ,p]igynium ?9 & pap]y1 loosely enclos+ ! a*5e --#ae4 #ad;b4 ,p]igynium firm1 closely enclos+ ! a*5e --#af4 #ae;a4 ,p]igynium less ?an #a cm4 long ,s$ge1 ,c>ex hy/]ic9a4 #ae;b4 ,p]igynium m ?an #a cm4 long ,s$ge1 ,c>ex lupul9a4 #af;a4 ,p]igynium smoo? ,s$ge1 ,c>ex rip>ia4 #af;b4 ,p]igynium hairy ,s$ge1 ,c>ex fili=mis4 #ag;a4 ,beak ( ! p]igynium b5t abruptly to "o side ,s$ge1 ,c>ex laxiflora4 #ag;b4 ,beak ( ! p]igynium /raight ,s$ge1 ,c>ex p5nsylvanica4 ,,araceae1 ! ,arum ,family ,individual fl[]s small1 b cr[d$ on a fle%y spadix to =m a conspicu\s spike1 usually surr\nd$ by a gre5 or color$ spa!4 #a;a4 ,leaves comp\nd --#b4 #a;b4 ,leaves simple --#c4 #b;a4 ,leaflets #c1 spa! pale gre5 or purple 7#c-f dm4 high2 spr+7 ,indian ,turnip1 ,arisaema triphyllum4 #b;b4 ,leaflets #g-aa2 spa! gre52 spadix long & sl5d] 7#c-h dm4 high2 late spr+7 ,dragon ,root1 ,arisaema dracontium4 #c;a4 ,leaves l9e>1 sword-%ape2 spa! none 7#e-ae dm4 high2 e>ly summ]7 ,sweet ,flag1 ,acorus calamus4 #c;b4 ,leaves broad] ?an l9e>2 spa! pres5t --#d4 #d;a4 ,fl[] clu/]s p>tly und]gr\nd1 appe>+ 9 e>lie/ spr+ ,skunk ,cabbage1 ,symploc>pus foetidus4 #d;b4 ,fl[] clu/]s p$uncl$1 9 e>ly summ] --#e4 #e;a4 ,leaves broadly ovate-cordate2 spa! :ite ,wat] ,arum1 ,calla palu/ris4 #e;b4 ,leaves m or less sagittate2 spa! gre5 ,arr[ ,arum1 ,pelt&ra virg9ica4 ,,lemnaceae1 ! ,duckwe$ ,family ,m9ute leafless plants float+ on quiet wat]2 fl[]s exce$+ly small & seldom se54 #a;a4 ,plant ?ick1 ovoid1 less ?an #b mm4 long2 roots none4 ,two species are report$ f ,mi*igan ,wolffia spp4 #a;b4 ,plant flatt5$1 ) %ort roots --#b4 #b;a4 ,roots sev]al f ea* r\nd$ plant ,duckwe$1 ,spirodela polyrhiza4 #b;b4 ,root s+le f ea* r\nd$ plant ,duckwe$1 ,lemna spp4 ,?ree species are report$ f ,mi*igan1 ( :i* ! commone/ is ,lemna m9or4 ,,eriocaulaceae1 ! ,pipewort ,family ,bog or m>% h]bs1 ) small fl[]s 9 heads t]m9at+ long sl5d] scapes4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan2 leaves l9e> & basal2 fl[]-/alk #e-ae cm4 high2 fl[]-heads :iti% or lead-color ,pipewort1 ,eriocaulon articulatum4 ,,xyridaceae1 ! ,yell[-ey$ ,grass ,family ,small h]bs ) basal leaves & erect fl[]-/alks be>+ a head ( p]fect yell[ fl[]s1 9 summ]4 #a;a4 ,base ( plant bulb\s-?ick5$ 7#c-f dm4 high7 ,yell[-ey$ ,grass1 ,xyris flexuosa4 #a;b4 ,base ( plant n bulb\s-?ick5$ 7#a-c dm4 high7 ,yell[-ey$ ,grass1 ,xyris montana4 ,,commel9aceae1 ! ,spid]wort ,family ,leafy-/emm$ h]bs2 fl[]s ) #c sepals1 #c petals1 & #f /am5s1 la/+ b a s+le day2 petals blue4 #a;a4 ,/am5s #f2 petals all equal 7,spid]wort7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,p]fect /am5s #c1 /]ile /am5s #c2 two ( ! petals l>g] ?an ! ?ird 7#c-f dm4 high2 summ]7 ,day-fl[]1 ,commel9a virg9ica4 #b;a4 ,sepals vill\s 7#c-aj dm4 high2 late spr+7 ,spid]wort1 ,tradescantia virg9iana4 #b;b4 ,sepals glabr\s1 or ) a tuft ( hairs at ! apex 7#d-aj dm4 high2 late spr+7 ,spid]wort1 ,tradescantia reflexa4 ,,pont$]iaceae1 ! ,pick]el-we$ ,family ,aquatic h]bs1 ) #f r conspicu\s petals2 fl[]s 9 summ]4 #a;a4 ,fl[]s blue2 leaves cordate-sagittate 7#c-aj dm4 high7 ,pick]el-we$1 ,pont$]ia cordata4 #a;b4 ,fl[]s yell[2 leaves l9e> 7subm]g$7 ,mud ,planta91 ,het]an!ra dubia4 ,,juncaceae1 ! ,ru% ,family ,grass-l or ru%-l plants1 ) inconspicu\s gre5i% or br[ni% fl[]s1 ( #c *affy or scale-l sepals & z _m simil> petals4 #a;a4 ,leaf-%ea?s clos$2 capsule #a-;cell$ & #c-se$$2 /em or leaves usually hairy at or ne> ! base 7#a-d dm4 high74 7,wood ,ru%7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,leaf-%ea?s op52 capsule _m-se$$2 plants nev] hairy --#d4 #b;a4 ,fl[]s solit>y at ! ends ( ! bran*es ( ! umbel-l clu/] 7spr+7 ,wood ,ru%1 ,luzula saltu5sis4 #b;b4 ,fl[]s 9 spikes or d5se clu/]s --#c4 #c;a4 ,fl[]-clu/] spike-l1 nodd+ at ! tip 7summ]7 ,wood ,ru%1 ,luzula spicata4 #c;b4 ,fl[]-clu/] umbel-l 7spr+7 ,wood ,ru%1 ,luzula campe/ris v>4 multiflora4 #d4 ,! g5us ,juncus1 or ,ru%1 conta9s ab\t #be species 9 ,mi*igan1 bloom+ 9 summ] or autumn4 ,= _! id5tification ! ,manuals %\ld be consult$4 ,"o ( ! commone/ species is ,juncus effusus1 gr[+ 9 m>%es1 ) erect leafless cyl9drical /ems1 be>+ a lat]al clu/] ( fl[]s ne> ! summit4 ,ano!r common species is ,juncus t5uis1 ) sl5d] /ems & l9e> leaves1 gr[+ 9 h>d gr\nd1 especially 9 woodl& pa?s4 ,,liliaceae1 ! ,lily ,family ,h]bs or tw9+ %rubs1 ) g5]ally conspicu\s fl[]s2 sepals & petals ea* #c1 & usually color$ alike1 /am5s #f1 ov>y #c-;cell$1 sup]ior4 ,9 "o species ! p]ian? is #d-p>t$ & ! /am5s are #d4 #a;a4 ,fl[]s or fl[]-clu/]s lat]al1 axill>y or app>5tly s --#b4 #a;b4 ,fl[]s or fl[]-clu/]s scapose or t]m9al --#ab4 #b;a4 ,leaves m9ute & scale-l 7#g-ae dm4 high2 fl[]s gre5i%-yell[1 ,june7 ,asp>agus1 ,asp>agus (fic9alis4 #b;b4 ,leaves broad & flat1 n scale-l --#c4 #c;a4 ,fl[]s num]\s 9 r\nd$ umbels2 p]ian?-segm5ts ne>ly sep>ate2 leaves long-petiol$ --#d4 #c;b4 ,fl[]s 9 clu/]s ( #a-h2 leaves %ort-petiol$1 sessile1 or clasp+ --#h4 #d;a4 ,/ems h]bace\s 7fl[]s gre5i%-yell[1 ill-sc5t$7 7,c>rion-fl[]7 --#e4 #d;b4 ,/ems woody1 ?orny1 climb+ 7fl[]s gre5i%-yell[1 e>ly summ]7 7,gre5 ,bri]7 --#g4 #e;a4 ,/ems climb+ by t5drils --#f4 #e;b4 ,/em n climb+2 only ! upp] leaves1 or none1 ) t5drils ,c>rion-fl[]1 ,smilax ecirrhata4 #f;a4 ,leaves smoo? b5ea?4 ,c>rion-fl[]1 ,smilax h]bacea4 #f;b4 ,leaves m9utely pubesc5t b5ea? :5 mature ,c>rion-fl[]1 ,smilax h]bacea v>4 pulv]ul5ta4 #g;a4 ,leaves ) #e pr9cipal ve9s4 ,gre5 ,bri]1 ,smilax rotundifolia4 #g;b4 ,leaves ) #g pr9cipal ve9s4 ,gre5 ,bri]1 ,smilax hispida4 #h;a4 ,p]ian?-segm5ts unit$ into a tube 7fl[]s axill>y1 late spr+7 7,solomon's ,seal7 --#i4 #h;b4 ,p]ian?-segm5ts sep>ate 7#b-h dm4 high2 spr+7 7,twi/$-/alk7 --#aj4 #i;a4 ,leaves m9utely pubesc5t b5ea?2 filam5ts r\gh1 ins]t$ at ?ree-f\r?s ! l5g? ( ! p]ian? 7#c-h dm4 high7 ,small ,solomon's ,seal1 ,polygonatum biflorum4 #i;b4 ,leaves smoo? b5ea?2 filam5ts smoo?1 ins]t$ at ! middle ( ! p]ian? tube 7#e-ae dm4 high7 ,great ,solomon's ,seal1 ,polygonatum commutatum4 #aj;a4 ,leaves di/9ctly clasp+ ! /em2 fl[]s gre5i%-:ite ,twi/$-/alk1 ,/reptopus amplexifolius4 #aj;b4 ,leaves closely sessile2 fl[]s r$di% to purple --#aa4 #aa;a4 ,root/ock %ort & ?ick2 b]ries sph]ical ,twi/$-/alk1 ,/reptopus roseus4 #aa;b4 ,root/ock long & sl5d]2 b]ries #c-;angl$ ,twi/$-/alk1 ,/reptopus longipes4 #ab;a4 ,p]ian?-segm5ts #e-ab cm4 long --#ac4 #ab;b4 ,p]ian?-segm5ts %ort] ?an #e cm4 --#ai4 #ac;a4 ,leaves all or *iefly basal1 /em-leaves bract-l or none --#ad4 #ac;b4 ,leaves *iefly or entirely on ! /em --#ae4 #ad;a4 ,leaves num]\s1 l9e> or sword-%ape 7fl[]s orange1 summ]7 ,day ,lily1 ,hem]ocallis fulva4 #ad;b4 ,leaves a s+le pair1 oblong or lanceolate --#ba4 #ae;a4 ,leaves a s+le :orl ( #c 7,wake ,rob91 ,trillium7 --#bb4 #ae;b4 ,leaves num]\s 7#f-ab dm4 high2 fl[]s yell[1 orange1 or r$1 9 summ]7 7,lily7 --#af4 #af;a4 ,fl[]s erect --#ag4 #af;b4 ,fl[]s nodd+ --#ah4 #ag;a4 ,leaves n>r[ly lanceolate1 #f-ae mm4 wide1 mo/ly :orl$ ,wood ,lily1 ,lilium philadelphicum4 #ag;b4 ,leaves l9e>1 #e mm4 wide or less1 almo/ all alt]nate ,wood ,lily1 ,lilium philadelphicum v>4 &9um4 #ah;a4 ,p]ian?-segm5ts /rongly revolute ,turk's-cap ,lily1 ,lilium sup]bum4 #ah;b4 ,p]ian?-segm5ts half-recurv$ ,yell[ ,lily1 ,lilium canad5se4 #ai;a4 ,fl[] solit>y --#bj4 #ai;b4 ,fl[]s 9 clu/]s1 n solit>y --#ca4 #bj;a4 ,/em ) a s+le pair ( basal leaves 7,dog's-too? ,violet7 --#ba4 #bj;b4 ,/em ) a s+le :orl ( #c leaves 7#a-c dm4 high2 spr+7 7,wake ,rob91 ,trillium7 --#bb4 #bj;c4 ,/em leafy 7,bellwort7 --#bi4 #ba;a4 ,p]ian? yell[ ,dog's-too? ,violet1 ,ery?ronium am]icanum4 #ba;b4 ,p]ian? :ite1 blui%1 or p9ki% ,dog's-too? ,violet1 ,ery?ronium albidum4 #bb;a4 ,fl[] sessile1 r$ or br[n --#bc4 #bb;b4 ,fl[] p$uncl$1 :ite or p9k1 r>ely r$ --#bd4 #bc;a4 ,leaves sessile1 sepals spread+ ,wake ,rob91 ,trillium sessile4 #bc;b4 ,leaves %ort-petiol$1 sepals reflex$ ,wake ,rob91 ,trillium recurvatum4 #bd;a4 ,ov>y ) #f di/9ct w+-l angles --#be4 #bd;b4 ,ov>y obtusely #c-;angl$ or lob$ --#bh4 #be;a4 ,/am5s di/9ctly long] ?an ! pi/il --#bf4 #be;b4 ,/am5s equal+ or %ort] ?an ! pi/il --#bg4 #bf;a4 ,/igmas erect or ne>ly s1 sl5d] ,wake ,rob91 ,trillium gr&iflorum4 #bf;b4 ,/igmas /rongly recurv$ or spread+ ,wake ,rob91 ,trillium erectum4 #bg;a4 ,filam5ts ab\t z long z ! an!rs ,wake ,rob91 ,trillium c]nuum4 #bg;b4 ,filam5ts half z long z ! an!rs or %ort] ,wake ,rob91 ,trillium decl9atum4 #bh;a4 ,leaves obtuse2 petals obtuse1 :ite ,dw>f ,:ite ,trillium1 ,trillium nivale4 #bh;b4 ,leaves acum9ate2 petals acute1 purple-/rip$ at base ,pa9t$ ,trillium1 ,trillium undulatum4 #bi;a4 ,leaves sessile 7#c-f dm4 high2 fl[]s yell[1 spr+7 ,bellwort1 ,oakesia sessilifolia4 #bi;b4 ,leaves p]foliate 7#d-f dm4 high2 fl[]s yell[1 9 spr+7 --#cj4 #cj;a4 ,leaves m9utely pubesc5t b5ea? ,bellwort1 ,uvul>ia gr&iflora4 #cj;b4 ,leaves glabr\s & all glauc\s ,bellwort1 ,uvul>ia p]foliata4 #ca;a4 ,/em be>+ #b :orls ( #c-i leaves 7#c-f dm4 high2 fl[]s pale yell[1 e>ly summ]7 ,indian ,cucumb]-root1 ,m$eola virg9iana4 #ca;b4 ,/em-leaves n :orl$1 or all leaves basal --#cb4 #cb;a4 ,fl[]s 9 umbels --#cc4 #cb;b4 ,fl[]s 9 racemes or panicles --#ch4 #cc;a4 ,plant ) ! odor ( onions or g>lic 7leaves all or *iefly basal2 fl[]-/alks #b-h dm4 high1 late spr+ or summ]7 --#cd4 #cc;b4 ,plant n ) ! odor ( onions 7leaves basal2 fl[]-/alks #b-c dm4 high1 ) an umbel ( #c-f gre5i%-yell[ fl[]s 9 late spr+7 ,cl9tonia1 ,cl9tonia borealis4 #cd;a4 ,leaves oblong1 #b-e cm4 wide1 n pres5t :5 ! plants are 9 bloom 7gre5i%-:ite fl[]s7 ,wild ,leek1 ,allium tricoccum4 #cd;b4 ,leaves l9e>1 pres5t ) ! fl[]s --#ce4 #ce;a4 ,umbel nodd+ or horizontal 7petals rose-color7 ,wild ,onion1 ,allium c]nuum4 #ce;b4 ,umbel erect --#cf4 #cf;a4 ,p$icels long] ?an ! fl[]s --#cg4 #cf;b4 ,p$icels equal+ or %ort] ?an ! fl[]s 7petals rose-purple7 ,wild ,*ives1 ,allium s*o5oprasum v>4 sibiricum4 #cg;a4 ,leaves flatt5$2 fl[]s p9k to :ite ,wild ,onion1 ,allium canad5se4 #cg;b4 ,leaves cyl9drical2 fl[]s gre5i% to purple ,field ,g>lic1 ,allium v9eale4 #ch;a4 ,leaves lanceolate to ovate1 n m ?an #h times z long z broad --#ci4 #ch;b4 ,leaves l9e> or grass-l1 at lea/ #ab times z long z broad --#de4 #ci;a4 ,pr9cipal leaves all basal1 /em-leaves none or bract-l --#dj4 #ci;b4 ,pr9cipal leaves on ! /em --#da4 #dj;a4 ,fl[]s 9 a spike-l raceme 7#d-aj dm4 high2 small :ite fl[]s 9 summ]7 ,colic-root1 ,aletris f>9osa4 #dj;b4 ,fl[]s 9 an umbel-l clu/] --#cd;b4 #da;a4 ,p]ian?-segm5ts #d 7#a-b dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite1 e>ly summ]7 ,wild ,lily ( ! ,valley1 ,maian!mum canad5se4 #da;b4 ,p]ian?-segm5ts #f --#db4 #db;a4 ,/yles #c2 fl[]s dioeci\s 7#c-aj dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite1 e>ly summ]7 ,blaz+ ,/>1 ,*amaelirium luteum4 #db;b4 ,/yle #a2 fl[]s p]fect1 :ite1 9 spr+ 7,false ,solomon's ,seal7 --#dc4 #dc;a4 ,fl[]s panicl$ 7#c-f dm4 high7 ,false ,solomon's ,seal1 ,smilac9a racemosa4 #dc;b4 ,fl[]s racem$ --#dd4 #dd;a4 ,leaves #b-d1 usually #c 7#a-b dm4 high7 ,false ,solomon's ,seal1 ,smilac9a trifolia4 #dd;b4 ,leaves #e-ab 7#b-e dm4 high7 ,false ,solomon's ,seal1 ,smilac9a /ellata4 #de;a4 ,fl[]s bright blue2 p]ian?-segm5ts unit$ 7#b-c dm4 high1 spr+7 ,grape ,hyac9?1 ,musc>i botryoides4 #de;b4 ,fl[]s blue1 gre5i%1 yell[i%1 or :ite2 p]ian?-segm5ts sep>ate --#df4 #df;a4 ,fl[]s #a cm4 wide1 or small] 7:ite or gre5i%1 9 racemes1 late spr+ or summ]7 7,false ,asphodel7 --#dg4 #df;b4 ,fl[]s #a4e cm4 wide1 or l>g] --#dh4 #dg;a4 ,/em glabr\s 7#b dm4 high or less7 ,false ,asphodel1 ,t(ieldia palu/ris4 ,false ,asphodel1 ,t(ieldia glut9osa4 #dg;b4 ,/em viscid-pubesc5t 7#a-e dm4 high7 #dh;a4 ,p]ian?-segm5ts ) #b gl&s ne> ! base 7#c-h dm4 high2 gre5i%-:ite panicl$ fl[]s 9 summ]7 ,zygad5us1 ,zygad5us *loran?us4 #dh;b4 ,p]ian?-segm5ts )\t gl&s --#di4 #di;a4 ,plant #c-e dm4 tall2 fl[]s blue or ne>ly :ite1 9 long racemes 7e>ly summ]7 ,wild ,hyac9?1 ,camassia escul5ta4 #di;b4 ,plant #a-c dm4 tall2 fl[]s gre5i%-:ite1 9 %ort corymb-l racemes 7spr+7 ,/> ( ,be?lehem1 ,orni?ogalum umbellatum4 ,,dioscoreaceae1 ! ,yam ,family ,tw9+ h]bs ) net-ve9$ leaves & gre5i% or :ite fl[]s 9 panicles or racemes4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan2 leaves ovate-cordate2 fl[]s 9 summ] ,wild ,yam1 ,dioscorea villosa4 ,,am>yllidaceae1 ! ,am>yllis ,family ,plants ) l9e> basal leaves1 & p]fect fl[]s1 ) #f-p>t$ p]ian?1 inf]ior ov>y1 & #f /am5s4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan2 #a-b dm4 high2 fl[]s yell[1 #a cm4 wide1 9 spr+ ,/> ,grass1 ,hypoxis hirsuta4 ,,iridaceae1 ! ,iris ,family ,h]bs1 ) #f-p>t$ p]ian?1 inf]ior ov>y1 & #c /am5s4 #a;a4 ,fl[]s blue1 #e cm4 wide or l>g] --#b4 #a;b4 ,fl[]s ab\t #a cm4 wide 7blue or :ite1 f a spa! t]m9at+ a #b-;edg$ /em #b-e dm4 high1 spr+ & e>ly summ]7 7,blue-ey$ ,grass7 --#c4 #b;a4 ,fl[]+ /ems #d-h dm4 high 7e>ly summ]7 ,blue ,flag1 ,iris v]sicolor4 #b;b4 ,fl[]+ /ems #b dm4 or less high 7spr+7 ,dw>f ,iris1 ,iris lacu/ris4 #c;a4 ,spa!s t]m9al1 sessile --#d4 #c;b4 ,spa!s long-p$uncl$1 axill>y --#h4 #d;a4 ,spa! s+le --#e4 #d;b4 ,spa!s #b on ea* fl[]+ /em --#g4 #e;a4 ,p$icels mu* long] ?an ! inn] 7%ort]7 bract ,blue-ey$ ,grass1 ,sisyr9*ium mucronatum4 #e;b4 ,p$icels equal+ or b>ely exce$+ ! inn] bract --#f4 #f;a4 ,capsule br[n2 common species ,blue-ey$ ,grass1 ,sisyr9*ium angu/ifolium4 #f;b4 ,capsule gre5 or yell[i%2 r>e species ,blue-ey$ ,grass1 ,sisyr9*ium montanum4 #g;a4 ,leaves fold$ l5g?wise2 /ems n>r[ly w+$ ,blue-ey$ ,grass1 ,sisyr9*ium ha/ile4 #g;b4 ,leaves flat2 /em broadly w+$1 #b-c mm4 wide ,blue-ey$ ,grass1 ,sisyr9*ium albidum4 #h;a4 ,capsules pale /raw-color or :iti% --#i4 #h;b4 ,capsules br[n1 or t+$ ) purple --#aj4 #i;a4 ,plant ) /raight fibr\s bri/les at base2 p$icels long-exs]t$ ,blue-ey$ ,grass1 ,sisyr9*ium f>wellii4 #i;b4 ,plants n bri/ly at base2 p$icels b>ely exs]t$ ,blue-ey$ ,grass1 ,sisyr9*ium /rictum4 #aj;a4 ,p$icels sc>cely exce$+ ! inn] bract --#f;a4 #aj;b4 ,p$icels mu* exce$+ ! inn] bract --#aa4 #aa;a4 ,/em #b-f mm4 wide2 bracts #a4e-b cm4 long ,blue-ey$ ,grass1 ,sisyr9*ium gram9eum4 #aa;b4 ,/em #a-b mm4 wide2 bracts #a-a4e cm4 long ,blue-ey$ ,grass1 ,sisyr9*ium apiculatum4 ,,or*idaceae1 ! ,or*is ,family ,h]bs1 ) irregul> fl[]s1 "o petal1 ! lip1 diff]+ f ! o!rs 9 size & %ape1 inf]ior ov>y1 & "o or two /am5s adh]5t to ! /yle4 #a;a4 ,fl[]s 9 a spike-l obvi\sly twi/$ raceme2 small1 yell[i% or gre5i%-:ite1 9 late summ] & autumn 7except #d;a7 7,ladies' ,tresses7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,fl[]s solit>y or 9 clu/]s1 b nev] 9 a twi/$ raceme --#e4 #b;a4 ,fl[]s 9 #a r[ ,ladies' ,tresses1 ,spiran!s gracilis4 #b;b4 ,fl[]s 9 sev]al r[s --#c4 #c;a4 ,lip con/rict$ ne> ! apex ,ladies' ,tresses1 ,spiran!s romanz(tiana4 #c;b4 ,lip n con/rict$ --#d4 #d;a4 ,lip yell[2 fl[]s 9 spr+ & e>ly summ] ,ladies' ,tresses1 ,spiran!s lucida4 #d;b4 ,lip :ite ,ladies' ,tresses1 ,spiran!s c]nua4 #e;a4 ,br[n1 purple1 or yell[ plants1 )\t gre5 color1 ) scale-l leaves 7#a-d dm4 high2 summ]7 7,coral ,root7 --#f4 #e;b4 ,plants ) normal gre5 color --#i4 #f;a4 ,lip :ite1 n spott$ ,coral ,root1 ,corallorrhiza trifida4 #f;b4 ,lip :ite1 spott$ ) r$ --#g4 #g;a4 ,lip di/9ctly #c-lob$ ,coral ,root1 ,corallorrhiza maculata4 #g;b4 ,lip entire1 or b>ely too!d --#h4 #h;a4 ,fl[]1 exclusive ( ov>y1 #d mm4 long ,coral ,root1 ,corallorrhiza odontorhiza4 #h;b4 ,fl[] ab\t #aj mm4 long4 ,coral ,root1 ,corallorrhiza /riata4 #i;a4 ,leaf #a or none at fl[]+ "t --#aj4 #i;b4 ,leaves a s+le pair1 basal1 or opposite on ! /em2 nev] alt]nate on ! /em --#ai4 #i;c4 ,leaves sev]al1 all basal1 prom95tly net-ve9$1 & frequ5tly blot*$ ) :ite 7scape #a-d dm4 high2 fl[]s :iti%1 pubesc5t1 9 summ]7 7,rattlesnake ,planta97 --#bf4 #i;d4 ,leaves #b or m1 on ! /em --#bh4 #aj;a4 ,foliage leaf abs5t or undevelop$ at fl[]+ "t1 or m]ely p]si/+ ?r\gh ! w9t] f ! previ\s ye> --#aa4 #aj;b4 ,foliage leaf pres5t at fl[]+ "t --#ab4 #aa;a4 ,fl[] rose-purple1 #c-e cm4 long1 solit>y or two 7#a-c dm4 high1 e>ly summ]7 ,are?usa1 ,are?usa bulbosa4 #aa;b4 ,fl[]s purpli%-gre51 9 racemes1 ) a spur #b cm4 long ,crane-fly ,or*is1 ,tipul>ia discolor4 #aa;c4 ,fl[]s yell[i%1 purple t+$1 9 racemes2 spur none 7#c-d dm4 high1 e>ly summ]74 ,putty ,root1 ,aplectrum hyemale4 #ab;a4 ,leaf l9e> or l9e>-lanceolate --#ac4 #ab;b4 ,leaf ( a broad] %ape --#ad4 #ac;a4 ,fl[] solit>y or two2 leaf j bel[ ! fl[] --#aa;a4 #ac;b4 ,fl[]s 9 a loose raceme1 sometimes only #b2 leaf basal ,calopogon1 ,calopogon pul*ellus4 #ad;a4 ,fl[]s gre5i%1 yell[i%1 or :ite --#ae4 #ad;b4 ,fl[]s p9k to purple1 (t5 v>iegat$ --#ag4 #ae;a4 ,fl[]s #f-aj mm4 wide1 ) a spur ab\t ! same l5g? 7#a-d dm4 high1 summ]7 7,re9 ,or*is7 --#ce4 #ae;b4 ,fl[]s #e mm4 wide or less2 spur none 7#a-b dm4 high2 summ]7 7,add]'s ,m\?7 --#af4 #af;a4 ,p$icels less ?an #e mm4 long2 lip broade/ bel[ ! middle ,add]'s ,m\?1 ,micro/ylis monophyllos4 #af;b4 ,p$icels m ?an #e mm4 long2 lip broade/ ne> ! apex ,add]'s ,m\?1 ,micro/ylis unifolia4 #ag;a4 ,fl[]s spicate2 lip di/9ctly #c-lob$ 7#a-b dm4 high2 e>ly summ]7 --#bd4 #ag;b4 ,fl[]s solit>y or two --#ah4 #ah;a4 ,leaf on ! /em1 lanceolate to ovate --#cd;a4 #ah;b4 ,leaf basal1 r\nd-ovate 7#b dm4 high or less2 e>ly summ]7 ,calypso1 ,calypso bulbosa4 #ai;a4 ,leaves opposite & sessile ne> ! middle ( ! /em 7#a-c dm4 high2 fl[]s 9 summ]7 7,tway-blade7 --#bj4 #ai;b4 ,leaves basal --#ba4 #bj;a4 ,lip deeply #b-;cleft 7fl[]s purpli%7 ,tway-blade1 ,li/]a cordata4 #bj;b4 ,lip w$ge-%ape1 ) #b r\nd %all[ lobes 7fl[]s gre5i%-yell[7 ,tway-blade1 ,li/]a convall>ioides4 #ba;a4 ,lip an inflat$ sac ab\t #d cm4 long --#bi;d4 #ba;b4 ,lip n sac-l --#bb4 #bb;a4 ,fl[] ) a spur #ae-ej mm4 long --#bc4 #bb;b4 ,fl[] n spurr$ 7#a-b dm4 high2 e>ly summ]7 7,tway-blade7 --#be4 #bc;a4 ,fl[]s purple or mag5ta1 or ) :ite m>k+s --#bd4 #bc;b4 ,fl[]s gre5i%1 yell[i%1 or :ite 7#a-d dm4 high2 summ]7 7,re9 ,or*is7 --#cf4 #bd;a4 ,leaf #a 7#a-b dm4 high2 e>ly summ]7 ,r\nd-leav$ ,or*is1 ,or*is rotundifolia4 #bd;b4 ,leaves #b 7-#bj cm4 high2 late spr+7 ,%[y ,or*is1 ,or*is spectabilis4 #be;a4 ,lip ab\t #aj mm4 long1 purple ,tway-blade1 ,lip>is liliifolia4 #be;b4 ,lip ab\t #e mm4 long1 yell[i%-gre5 ,tway-blade1 ,lip>is loeselii4 #bf;a4 ,p]ian? #h-aj mm4 long2 lip ) elongat$ po9t ,rattlesnake ,planta91 ,epipactis decipi5s4 #bf;b4 ,p]ian? #d-f mm4 long2 lip sack-l --#bg4 #bg;a4 ,raceme loosely fl[]$1 "o-sid$ ,rattlesnake ,planta91 ,epipactis rep5s v>4 ophioides4 #bg;b4 ,raceme closely fl[]$1 n "o-sid$ ,rattlesnake ,planta91 ,epipactis pubesc5s4 #bh;a4 ,lip conspicu\sly sack-l1 inflat$ 7late spr+ & e>ly summ]7 7,lady's ,slipp]7 --#bi4 #bh;b4 ,lip n sack-l nor inflat$ --#cb4 #bi;a4 ,lip :ite 7#a-c dm4 high7 ,:ite ,lady's ,slipp]1 ,cyprip$ium c&idum4 #bi;b4 ,lip yell[ 7#b-g dm4 high7 --#cj4 #bi;c4 ,lip :ite1 ) crimson or purple m>k+s --#ca4 #bi;d4 ,lip p9k 7#a-d dm4 high1 late spr+7 ,/emless ,lady's ,slipp]1 ,cyprip$ium acaule4 #cj;a4 ,lip #b-c cm4 long4 ,small ,yell[ ,lady's ,slipp]1 ,cyprip$ium p>viflorum4 #cj;b4 ,lip #c4e-e cm4 long ,l>ge ,yell[ ,lady's ,slipp]1 ,cyprip$ium p>viflorum v>4 pubesc5s4 #ca;a4 ,lip #b cm4 long or less2 sepals sep>ate 7#a4e-c dm4 high7 ,ram's ,head ,lady's ,slipp]1 ,cyprip$ium ariet9um4 #ca;b4 ,lip #c cm4 long or m2 ! #b l[] sepals unit$ ,%[y ,lady's ,slipp]1 ,cyprip$ium hirsutum4 #cb;a4 ,fl[]s solit>y 9 ! axils1 or solit>y & t]m9al2 n spurr$ --#cc4 #cb;b4 ,fl[]s 9 t]m9al racemes1 spurr$ --#ch4 #cc;a4 ,leaves a :orl ( #e 7#b-c dm4 high2 petals gre5i%2 late summ]7 ,:orl$ ,pogonia1 ,pogonia v]ticillata4 #cc;b4 ,leaves alt]nate --#cd4 #cd;a4 ,leaves lanceolate or n>r[ly ovate1 #b-h cm4 long1 n>r[$ at base2 fl[] t]m9al 7#a-d dm4 high2 fl[]s p9k purple1 e>ly summ]7 ,snake ,m\?1 ,pogonia ophioglossoides4 #cd;b4 ,leaves ovate1 #a-b cm4 long1 clasp+2 fl[]s axill>y 7#e-bj cm4 high2 fl[]s purple1 summ]7 ,nodd+ ,pogonia1 ,pogonia trian?ophora4 #ce;a4 ,leaf basal2 spur ne>ly /raight ,re9 ,or*is1 ,hab5>ia obtusata4 #ce;b4 ,leaf on ! /em2 spur /rongly curv$ ,re9 ,or*is1 ,hab5>ia clavellata4 #cf;a4 ,fl[]-/alk )\t bracts bel[ ! raceme2 fl[]s yell[i%-gre5 ,re9 ,or*is1 ,hab5>ia hook]i4 #cf;b4 ,fl[]-/alk be>+ bracts bel[ ! raceme2 fl[]s gre5i%-:ite --#cg4 #cg;a4 ,spur #ae-be mm4 long ,re9 ,or*is1 ,hab5>ia orbiculata4 #cg;b4 ,spur #cj-ej mm4 long ,re9 ,or*is1 ,hab5>ia macrophylla4 #ch;a4 ,lip fr+$ 7,fr+$ ,or*is7 --#dc4 #ch;b4 ,lip n fr+$ 7,re9 ,or*is7 --#ci4 #ci;a4 ,lip ) #b-c evid5t tee? at apex --#dj4 #ci;b4 ,lip )\t apical tee? --#da4 #dj;a4 ,/em-leaves #c or m ,re9 ,or*is1 ,hab5>ia bracteata4 #dj;b4 ,/em-leaves #b --#ce;b4 #da;a4 ,fl[]s :ite ,re9 ,or*is1 ,hab5>ia dilatata4 #da;b4 ,fl[]s gre5i%-yell[ --#db4 #db;a4 ,lip lanceolate1 tap]+ t[>d ! apex ,re9 ,or*is1 ,hab5>ia hyp]borea4 #db;b4 ,lip oblong1 truncate at ! apex ,re9 ,or*is1 ,hab5>ia flava4 #dc;a4 ,lip deeply #c-lob$1 too!d or fr+$ --#dd4 #dc;b4 ,lip n #c-lob$1 b deeply fr+$ --#df4 #dd;a4 ,fl[]s purple ,purple ,fr+$ ,or*is1 ,hab5>ia psycodes4 #dd;b4 ,fl[]s :ite or ne>ly s --#de4 #de;a4 ,spur #c cm4 long or m ,prairie ,fr+$ ,or*is1 ,hab5>ia leucophaea4 #de;b4 ,spur #a-a4e cm4 long ,ragg$ ,fr+$ ,or*is1 ,hab5>ia lac]a4 #df;a4 ,fl[]s yell[ ,yell[ ,fr+$ ,or*is1 ,hab5>ia cili>is4 #df;b4 ,fl[]s :ite ,:ite ,fr+$ ,or*is1 ,hab5>ia bleph>iglottis4 ,,pip]aceae1 ! ,pepp] ,family ,h]bace\s plants ) alt]nate leaves1 & fl[]s )\t ei!r calyx or corolla4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan1 a m>% plant ) he>t-%ape leaves & sl5d] racemes ( :ite fl[]s ,liz>d's ,tail1 ,saururus c]nuus4 ,,salicaceae1 ! ,will[ ,family ,trees or %rubs1 ) dioeci\s fl[]s 9 catk9s4 #a;a4 ,leaves less ?an twice z long z broad1 on petioles #c cm4 long or m --#b4 #a;b4 ,leaves m ?an twice z long z broad1 on petioles #b4e cm4 long or less4 7,! g5us ,salix1 or ,will[1 conta9s ab\t #cj species 9 ,mi*igan1 ( :i* only ! common] are m5tion$ "h4 ,= ! o!rs ! ,manuals %\ld be consult$47 --#h4 #b;a4 ,petioles /rongly flatt5$ lat]ally --#c4 #b;b4 ,petioles n flatt5$ lat]ally --#f4 #c;a4 ,leaves broadly ovate or ne>ly circul> --#d4 #c;b4 ,leaves broadly triangul> or deltoid 9 %ape --#e4 #d;a4 ,leaves co>sely too!d ,l>ge-too!d ,asp51 ,populus gr&id5tata4 #d;b4 ,leaves f9ely cr5ulate or s]rate ,quak+ ,asp51 ,populus tremuloides4 #e;a4 ,tree ) n>r[ spire-%ape cr[n ,lomb>dy ,popl>1 ,populus nigra v>4 italica4 #e;b4 ,tree ) spread+ cr[n ,cottonwood1 ,populus deltoides4 #f;a4 ,l[] side ( leaf d5sely tom5tose ,:ite ,popl>1 ,populus alba4 #f;b4 ,l[] side ( leaf glabr\s or ne>ly s --#g4 #g;a4 ,petioles glabr\s ,balsam ,popl>1 ,populus balsamif]a4 #g;b4 ,petioles ciliate ,balm ( ,gilead1 ,populus c&icans4 #h;a4 ,trees --#i4 #h;b4 ,%rubs --#ac4 #i;a4 ,petioles )\t gl&s --#aj4 #i;b4 ,petioles ) gl&s --#aa4 #aj;a4 ,petiole %ort 7ab\t #e mm471 broad & flat ,black ,will[1 ,salix nigra4 #aj;b4 ,petiole sl5d]1 ab\t #aj-bj mm4 long ,pea*-leav$ ,will[1 ,salix amygdaloides4 #aa;a4 ,leaves gre5 b5ea? ,crack ,will[1 ,salix fragilis4 #aa;b4 ,leaves pale b5ea? --#ab4 #ab;a4 ,bran*es & twigs conspicu\sly droop+ ,weep+ ,will[1 ,salix babylonica4 #ab;b4 ,bran*es & twigs n conspicu\sly droop+1 yell[ ,yell[ ,will[1 ,salix alba v>4 vitell9a4 #ac;a4 ,%rubs ( bogs --#ad4 #ac;b4 ,plants ( s&-dunes along ! ,great ,lakes --#ae4 #ac;c4 ,plants ( dry upl& hills --#af4 #ac;d4 ,plants ( wet gr\nd1 riv]-banks1 & swamps --#ag4 #ad;a4 ,leaves d5sely :ite-tom5tose b5ea? ,will[1 ,salix c&ida4 #ad;b4 ,leaves pale b5ea? b n tom5tose ,will[1 ,salix s]issima4 #ad;c4 ,leaves glabr\s & gre5 b5ea? ,will[1 ,salix p$icell>is4 #ae;a4 ,leaves l9e> ,will[1 ,salix longifolia4 #ae;b4 ,leaves ovate-lanceolate1 tom5tose b5ea? ,will[1 ,salix syrticola4 #ae;c4 ,leaves ovate-lanceolate1 glabr\s ,will[1 ,salix glaucophylla4 #af;a4 ,leaves ab\t #c times z long z broad ,will[1 ,salix ro/rata4 #af;b4 ,leaves n>r[]1 ne>ly sessile ,will[1 ,salix tri/is4 #af;c4 ,leaves n>r[]1 di/9ctly petiol$ ,will[1 ,salix humilis4 #ag;a4 ,leaves l9e> or ne>ly s ,will[1 ,salix longifolia4 #ag;b4 ,leaves %9+ ,will[1 ,salix lucida4 #ag;c4 ,leaves silky ,will[1 ,salix s]icea4 #ag;d4 ,leaves n z 9 ! prec$+ #c species --#ah4 #ah;a4 ,leaves r\nd$ at base ,will[1 ,salix cordata4 #ah;b4 ,leaves acute at base --#ai4 #ai;a4 ,leaves f9ely s]rulate ,will[1 ,salix petiol>is4 #ai;b4 ,leaves remotely s]rate or ne>ly entire ,will[1 ,salix discolor4 ,,myricaceae1 ! ,sweet ,gale ,family ,%rubs1 ) monoeci\s or dioeci\s fl[]s 9 catk9s1 & aromatic foliage4 #a;a4 ,leaves p9nately lob$ ,sweet ,f]n1 ,myrica aspl5ifolia4 #a;b4 ,leaves m]ely s]rate --#b4 #b;a4 ,%rub ( s&y soil1 %ore ( ,lake ,erie ,bayb]ry1 ,myrica c>ol95sis4 #b;b4 ,%rub ( bogs & %ores1 nor!rn half ( /ate ,sweet ,gale1 ,myrica gale4 ,,jugl&aceae1 ! ,walnut ,family ,trees ) alt]nate p9nately comp\nd leaves & fl[]s 9 catk9s4 #a;a4 ,leaflets #aa-bc2 pi? divid$ by p>titions into *amb]s --#b4 #a;b4 ,leaflets #e-aa2 pi? n p>tition$ 7,hickory7 --#c4 #b;a4 ,pi? br[n2 b>k ) flat longitud9al ridges ,butt]nut1 ,juglans c9]ea4 #b;b4 ,pi? cream-color2 b>k ( trunk )\t flat ridges ,black ,walnut1 ,juglans nigra4 #c;a4 ,b>k ( ! trunk ess5tially smoo?1 n deeply furr[$ or %aggy --#d4 #c;b4 ,b>k ( ! trunk deeply furr[$ or %aggy --#f4 #d;a4 ,leaflets glabr\s b5ea?2 buds gre5i% --#e4 #d;b4 ,leaflets some:at pubesc5t b5ea?2 buds bright yell[ ,bitt] ,nut1 ,c>ya cordi=mis4 #e;a4 ,twigs hairy ,small-fruit$ ,hickory1 ,c>ya microc>pa4 #e;b4 ,twigs smoo? ,pignut ,hickory1 ,c>ya glabra4 #f;a4 ,twigs & leaves bo? pubesc5t --#g4 #f;b4 ,twigs ne>ly smoo?2 leaves smoo? b5ea? ,%ag-b>k ,hickory1 ,c>ya ovata4 #g;a4 ,twigs br[ni%2 buds d5sely hairy ,mock]-nut ,hickory1 ,c>ya alba4 #g;b4 ,twigs orange2 buds v slightly hairy ,k+-nut ,hickory1 ,c>ya lac9iosa4 ,,betulaceae1 ! ,bir* ,family ,trees or %rubs ) alt]nate simple leaves & inconspicu\s monoeci\s fl[]s1 ! /am9ate fl[]s 9 catk9s1 & ! pi/illate 9 catk9s or small clu/]s4 #a;a4 ,trees1 ) :ite or yell[i% b>k exfoliat+ 9 ?9 pap]y plates or scales --#b4 #a;b4 ,tree or %rub1 ) smoo?1 d>k gray b>k2 trunk flut$ ) prom95t longitud9al ridges ,hornbeam1 ,c>p9us c>ol9iana4 #a;c4 ,trees or %rubs2 ! b>k m or less r\gh5$1 b n exfoliat+2 trunk n flut$ --#c4 #b;a4 ,b>k :ite or *alky ,pap] ,bir*1 ,betula alba v>4 papyrif]a4 #b;b4 ,b>k yell[i% ,yell[ ,bir*1 ,betula lutea4 #c;a4 ,%rubs1 ) leaves #d cm4 long or less --#d4 #c;b4 ,%rubs or trees1 ) leaves #e cm4 long or m --#e4 #d;a4 ,twigs gl&ul>-w>ty ,dw>f ,bir*1 ,betula gl&ulosa4 #d;b4 ,twigs n gl&ul> ,swamp ,bir*1 ,betula pumila4 #e;a4 ,twigs & b>k ) ! odor ( w9t]gre5 ,sweet ,bir*1 ,betula l5ta4 #e;b4 ,twigs & b>k )\t odor ( w9t]gre5 --#f4 #f;a4 ,fruit clu/]s woody1 p]si/5t on ! plant = a long "t --#g4 #f;b4 ,fruit clu/]s h]bace\s1 dropp+ 9 late autumn --#i4 #g;a4 ,leaves ru/y or :iti% b5ea?1 & pubesc5t at lea/ on ! ve9s ,speckl$ ,ald]1 ,alnus incana4 #g;b4 ,leaves gre5 b5ea?1 & ei!r pubesc5t or smoo? --#h4 #h;a4 ,leaves broade/ at or bel[ ! middle ,m\nta9 ,ald]1 ,alnus crispa4 #h;b4 ,leaves broade/ above ! middle ,smoo? ,ald]1 ,alnus rugosa4 #i;a4 ,tree2 fruit a clu/] ( bladd]-l sacs ea* conta9+ a small a*5e ,ironwood1 ,o/rya virg9iana4 #i;b4 ,%rubs2 fruit a nut )9 a close-fitt+ involucre --#aj4 #aj;a4 ,involucre ( #b broad bracts1 almo/ sep>ate & n mu* long] ?an ! fruit ,hazel1 ,corylus am]icana4 #aj;b4 ,involucre ( unit$ bracts1 prolong$ into a bri/ly beak beyond ! fruit ,beak$ ,hazel1 ,corylus ro/rata4 ,,fagaceae1 ! ,bee* ,family ,trees 7or #a species %rubby71 ) alt]nate simple leaves & monoeci\s fl[]s1 ! /am9ate fl[]s 9 catk9s1 & ! pi/illate solit>y or 9 small clu/]s4 ,fruit a nut 7or acorn7 enclos$ 9 a cup or bur4 #a;a4 ,leaves s]rate ) num]\s %>p-po9t$ tee? --#b4 #a;b4 ,leaves s]rate1 lob$1 or entire1 b nev] s]rate ) %>p-po9t$ tee?2 fruit an acorn2 pi? #e-;angl$ 9 ! "y twigs 7,oak7 --#c4 #b;a4 ,b>k gray1 smoo?2 buds #c-d times long] ?an wide2 nut triangul> ,bee*1 ,fagus gr&ifolia4 #b;b4 ,b>k r\gh2 buds relatively ?ick]2 nut r\nd$ ,*e/nut1 ,ca/anea d5tata4 #c;a4 ,leaves entire1 except = a bri/le at ! tip ,%+le ,oak1 ,qu]cus imbric>ia4 #c;b4 ,leaves too!d or lob$1 ! po9ts bri/le-tipp$ --#d4 #c;c4 ,leaves too!d or lob$1 ! po9ts )\t bri/les --#aj4 #d;a4 ,leaves entire bel[ ! middle1 ) a few %all[ lobes beyond ,black ,jack ,oak1 ,qu]cus m>il&ica4 #d;b4 ,leaves deeply lob$ ?r\gh\t --#e4 #e;a4 ,cup ( ! acorn sauc]-%ape1 cov]+ less ?an "o-?ird ( ! acorn --#f4 #e;b4 ,cup ( ! acorn hemisph]ical or top-%ape1 cov]+ "o-?ird or m ( ! acorn --#h4 #f;a4 ,l5g? ( ! lat]al leaf-lobes less ?an "o-?ird ! wid? ( ! leaf2 acorn cup #b-b4e cm4 wide ,r$ ,oak1 ,qu]cus rubra4 #f;b4 ,l5g? ( ! lat]al leaf-lobes m ?an "o-?ird ! wid? ( ! leaf --#g4 #g;a4 ,acorn depress$-globose1 ab\t #a cm4 9 diamet] ,p9 ,oak1 ,qu]cus palu/ris4 #g;b4 ,acorn ovoid1 #a4e-b cm4 ?ick ,s*neck's ,oak1 ,qu]cus s*neckii4 #h;a4 ,leaves pubesc5t b5ea? ,black ,oak1 ,qu]cus velut9a4 #h;b4 ,leaves glabr\s b5ea? --#i4 #i;a4 ,buds glabr\s2 inn] b>k ( ! trunk yell[ ,hill's ,oak1 ,qu]cus ellipsoidalis4 #i;b4 ,buds pubesc5t beyond ! middle2 inn] b>k ( trunk r$ ,sc>let ,oak1 ,qu]cus cocc9ea4 #aj;a4 ,leaves deeply p9nately lob$ --#aa4 #aj;b4 ,leaves cr5ate1 d5tate1 or s9uate1 n lob$ --#ab4 #aa;a4 ,leaf divid$ ne>ly to ! middle by a pair ( deep lat]al lobes ne> ! middle ( ! leaf2 acorn m ?an half cov]$ by ! cup ,bur ,oak1 ,qu]cus macroc>pa4 #aa;b4 ,leaf )\t a m$ian pair ( deep] lobes2 acorn ab\t "o-f\r? cov]$ by ! cup ,:ite ,oak1 ,qu]cus alba4 #ab;a4 ,leaves broade/ at or ne> ! middle1 ) num]\s 7#h-ac7 %>p co>se tee? on ea* side ,yell[ ,oak1 ,qu]cus muhl5b]gii4 #ab;b4 ,leaves broade/ above ! middle1 ) a few %all[1 r\nd$ or subacute tee? 7#g or less on ea* side7 --#ac4 #ac;a4 ,l>ge tree2 leaves d5sely :ite-tom5tose b5ea?2 acorn on a /alk #c-aj cm4 long ,swamp ,:ite ,oak1 ,qu]cus bicolor4 #ac;b4 ,%rub2 leaves ?9ly :ite-tom5tose b5ea?2 acorn sessile or ne>ly s ,scrub ,oak1 ,qu]cus pr9oides4 ,,urticaceae1 ! ,nettle ,family ,h]bs or trees1 ) small inconspicu\s apetal\s fl[]s4 #a;a4 ,trees or tall %rubs --#b4 #a;b4 ,h]bs --#g4 #b;a4 ,leaves oblong-ovate to lanceolate1 s]rate --#c4 #b;b4 ,leaves broadly ovate to rotund1 "s ( !m lob$ 7,mulb]ry7 --#f4 #c;a4 ,leaves ?ick1 co>sely & d\bly s]rate1 broade/ ne> ! middle 7,elm7 --#d4 #c;b4 ,leaves ?91 simply s]rate1 broade/ di/9ctly bel[ ! middle ,hackb]ry1 ,celtis occid5talis4 #d;a4 ,"s ( ! bran*es ) flat corky w+s2 leaves smoo? above ,cork ,elm1 ,ulmus racemosa4 #d;b4 ,bran*es )\t corky w+s2 leaves m or less r\gh above --#e4 #e;a4 ,petioles & axill>y buds glabr\s ,:ite ,elm1 ,ulmus am]icana4 #e;b4 ,petioles & axill>y buds pubesc5t ) ru/y hairs ,slipp]y ,elm1 ,ulmus fulva4 #f;a4 ,leaves r\gh above ,r$ ,mulb]ry1 ,morus rubra4 #f;b4 ,leaves smoo? above ,:ite ,mulb]ry1 ,morus alba4 #g;a4 ,leaves alt]nate --#h4 #g;b4 ,leaves opposite --#i4 #h;a4 ,leaves #b-e cm4 long1 /ems pubesc5t ,pellitory1 ,p>iet>ia p5nsylvanica4 #h;b4 ,leaves #h-bj cm4 long2 /em arm$ ) /++ hairs ,wood ,nettle1 ,laportea canad5sis4 #i;a4 ,tw9+ plant2 leaves s]rate or cleft ,hop1 ,humulus lupulus4 #i;b4 ,erect plant2 leaves palmately comp\nd ,hemp1 ,cannabis sativa4 #i;c4 ,erect plants2 leaves n lob$ or comp\nd --#aj4 #aj;a4 ,/ems arm$ ) /++ hairs --#aa4 #aj;b4 ,/ems glabr\s or r\gh1 b n ) /++ hairs --#ab4 #aa;a4 ,leaves ovate1 ) a he>t-%ape base ,/++ ,nettle1 ,urtica dioica4 #aa;b4 ,leaves lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate1 n he>t-%ape at base ,sl5d] ,nettle1 ,urtica gracilis4 #ab;a4 ,/ems glabr\s1 pellucid ,cle>we$1 ,pilea pumila4 #ab;b4 ,/ems r\gh1 opaque ,false ,nettle1 ,boehm]ia cyl9drica4 ,,santalaceae1 ! ,s&alwood ,family ,l[ h]bs ) alt]nate entire leaves & t]m9al clu/]s ( small gre5i%-:ite bell-%ape fl[]s )\t petals 9 spr+ & e>ly summ]4 #a;a4 ,infloresc5ce ( sev]al-fl[]$ clu/]s t]m9at+ ! /em & 9 ! upp] axils ,toad-flax1 ,com&ra umbellata4 #a;b4 ,infloresc5ce ( axill>y clu/]s ( #a-e fl[]s ,toad-flax1 ,com&ra livida4 ,,loran?aceae1 ! ,mi/letoe ,family ,p>asitic plants1 atta*$ to ! bran*es ( trees4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan1 a dw>f br[n plant #e-bj mm4 long1 ) m9ute scale-l leaves1 gr[+ on ! bran*es ( ,black ,spruce ,dw>f ,mi/letoe1 ,arceu?obium pusillum4 ,,ari/olo*iaceae1 ! ,bir?wort ,family ,fl[]s gre5i%-br[n or r$di%-br[n1 at or ne> ! gr\nd1 ) inf]ior #f-;cell$ ov>y4 #a;a4 ,leaves alt]nate1 on ! /em2 fl[]s on a basal scaly bran* 7#a-d dm4 high2 summ]7 ,virg9ia ,snak]oot1 ,ari/olo*ia s]p5t>ia4 #a;b4 ,leaves a s+le basal pair1 be>+ #a %ort-/alk$ fl[] betwe5 !m 7spr+7 7,wild ,g+]7 --#b4 #b;a4 ,lobes ( ! p]ian? end+ 9 a tubul> portion #e-h mm4 long ,wild ,g+]1 ,as>um canad5se4 #b;b4 ,lobes ( ! p]ian? end+ 9 a tubul> portion ov] #a cm4 long ,wild ,g+]1 ,as>um canad5se v>4 acum9atum4 #b;c4 ,lobes ( ! p]ian? triangul>1 n tubul> at ! end ,wild ,g+]1 ,as>um canad5se v>4 reflexum4 ,,polygonaceae1 ! ,buck:eat ,family ,h]bs ) alt]nate entire leaves1 /ipules surr\nd+ ! /em above ! base ( ea* leaf1 & small gre51 :ite or p9k fl[]s )\t petals4 #a;a4 ,erect or asc5d+ or pro/rate or float+ plants --#b4 #a;b4 ,scrambl+ or climb+ plants1 cl++ by %>p recurv$ prickles on ! #d-;angl$ /ems 7fl[]s gre5i% or p9k1 summ]7 7,te>-?umb7 --#cb4 #a;c4 ,tw9+ v9es 7fl[]s :ite or gre5i%1 summ]7 --#cc4 #b;a4 ,sepals #f1 ! #c inn] ones enl>g+ 9 fruit & surr\nd+ ! a*5es2 fl[]s 9 panicles --#c4 #b;b4 ,sepals #d or #e 7occasional fl[]s may be f\nd ) #f sepals1 b ! fl[]s are n 9 panicles7 7summ]7 --#ac4 #c;a4 ,leaves arr[-%ape or halb]d-%ape1 ) #b basal lobes 7,sorrel7 --#d4 #c;b4 ,leaves )\t basal lobes 7,dock7 --#e4 #d;a4 ,leaves halb]d-%ape1 ! basal lobes direct$ sidewise ,r$ ,sorrel1 ,rumex acetosella4 #d;b4 ,leaves arr[-%ape1 ! basal lobes direct$ backw>d ,gre5 ,sorrel1 ,rumex acetosa4 #e;a4 ,! project+ w+s ( ! fruit+ calyx 7kn[n z valves7 ) %>p sl5d] tee? ,bitt] ,dock1 ,rumex obtusifolius4 #e;b4 ,valves entire or f9ely d5tate1 b )\t %>p sl5d] tee? --#f4 #f;a4 ,p$icels /raight1 ?ick5$ t[>d ! end1 all regul>ly deflex$1 #c-d times long] ?an ! fruit+ calyx ,swamp ,dock1 ,rumex v]ticillatus4 #f;b4 ,p$icels sl5d]1 flexu\s1 spread+ --#g4 #g;a4 ,leaves flat or ne>ly s --#h4 #g;b4 ,leaves ) /rongly crisp$ or wavy-curl$ m>g9s2 plants usually ( cultivat$ gr\nds or wa/e places 7#e-aj dm41 summ]7 --#ab4 #h;a4 ,) gra9-l tub]cles on all #c valves ( ! fruit --#i4 #h;b4 ,) gra9-l tub]cles on only "o valve1 or entirely lack+ --#aj4 #i;a4 ,valves broadly cordate1 f9ely too!d ,wat] ,dock1 ,rumex brittanica4 #i;b4 ,valves triangul>-ovate1 entire or ne>ly s ,dock1 ,rumex mexicanus4 #aj;a4 ,valves oblong ,bloody ,dock1 ,rumex sangu9eus4 #aj;b4 ,valves broadly he>t-%ape --#aa4 #aa;a4 ,gra9-l tub]cle less ?an half z long z ! valve ,pati5ce ,dock1 ,rumex pati5tia4 #aa;b4 ,gra9-l tub]cle m ?an half z long z ! valve ,tall ,dock1 ,rumex altissimus4 #ab;a4 ,! gra9-l tub]cle on ! valves ( ! fruit broadly ellipsoid1 ) r\nd$ apex ,s\r ,dock1 ,rumex crispus4 #ab;b4 ,tub]cle ovoid ) tap]+ apex ,s\r ,dock1 ,rumex elongatus4 #ac;a4 ,fl[]s inconspicu\s1 9 small axill>y clu/]s2 leaves jo9t$ at ! base 7,knotwe$7 --#ad4 #ac;b4 ,fl[]s m or less conspicu\s1 9 obvi\s spikes or racemes :i* t]m9ate ! /ems or bran*es1 or arise f ! axils ( ! upp] leaves --#ah4 #ad;a4 ,leaves %>ply fold$ l5g?wise 7#a-d dm4 tall7 ,knotwe$1 ,polygonum t5ue4 #ad;b4 ,leaves flat or ne>ly s --#ae4 #ae;a4 ,! small sepals p9k or :ite at ! m>g9 7/ems pro/rate or asc5d+7 --#af4 #ae;b4 ,sepals gre5i% or yell[i% ?r\gh\t 7/ems erect or asc5d+7 --#ag4 #af;a4 ,leaves ?92 common we$ ( doory>ds & g>d5s ,knotwe$1 ,polygonum avicul>e4 #af;b4 ,leaves ?ick & fle%y2 a plant ( s&y %ores ,knotwe$1 ,polygonum avicul>e v>4 littorale4 #ag;a4 ,leaves n>r[ly lanceolate or l9e>-oblong2 r>e species ,knotwe$1 ,polygonum ramosissimum4 #ag;b4 ,leaves broadly oblong1 oval1 or elliptical2 common we$ ( y>ds & g>d5s ,knotwe$1 ,polygonum erectum4 #ah;a4 ,leaves broadly triangul> 7#c-g dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite7 ,buck:eat1 ,fagopyrum escul5tum4 #ah;b4 ,leaves f l9e> to ovate or oblong --#ai4 #ai;a4 ,sepals #d2 fl[]s 9 v long & sl5d] spike-l racemes 7#d-aj dm4 high7 ,knotwe$1 ,polygonum virg9ianum4 #ai;b4 ,sepals #e2 fl[]s 9 spikes or racemes --#bj4 #bj;a4 ,fl[]s on sl5d] p$icels1 =m+ a loose raceme2 leaves l9e>1 jo9t$ at ! base 7#a-c dm4 high2 fl[]s p9k or :ite2 *iefly ne> ! ,great ,lakes7 ,jo9twe$1 ,polygonella articulata4 #bj;b4 ,fl[]s sessile or ne>ly s1 =m+ a spike or spike-l raceme --#ba4 #ba;a4 ,/ipul> %ea?s at ! base ( ! leaves ciliate at _! upp] m>g9 --#bb4 #ba;b4 ,/ipul> %ea?s n ciliate at ! upp] m>g9 --#bh4 #bb;a4 ,%ea?s ) spread+ bord]s --#bc4 #bb;b4 ,%ea?s )\t a spread+ bord]1 appress$ to ! /em 7,sm>twe$7 --#bd4 #bc;a4 ,leaves ovate1 acum9ate2 /em erect 7#a-b m4 high2 fl[]s p9k7 ,pr9ce's ,fea!r1 ,polygonum ori5tate4 #bc;b4 ,leaves oblong1 obtuse or subacute2 spread+ or asc5d+ plant ( wet soil ,wat] ,sm>twe$1 ,polygonum amphibium v>4 h>twrightii4 #bd;a4 ,p$uncles ) gl&ul> hairs 7#e-ae dm4 high7 ,sm>twe$1 ,polygonum c>eyi4 #bd;b4 ,p$uncles n gl&ul> 7#a-h dm4 high7 7,sm>twe$7 --#be4 #be;a4 ,sepals beset ) m9ute black dots --#bf4 #be;b4 ,sepals :ite1 p9k1 or r$1 n black-dott$ --#bg4 #bf;a4 ,racemes droop+ or nodd+ at ! tip2 a*5e dull-color$ ,sm>twe$1 ,polygonum hydropip]4 #bf;b4 ,racemes erect2 a*5e smoo? & %9+ ,sm>twe$1 ,polygonum acre4 #bg;a4 ,%ea?s smoo?2 leaves usually ) a d>k spot ne> ! base ,sm>twe$1 ,polygonum p]sic>ia4 #bg;b4 ,%ea?s hairy2 leaves n d>k-spott$ ,sm>twe$1 ,polygonum hydropip]oides4 #bh;a4 ,leaves obtuse or some:at acute at ! apex --#bi4 #bh;b4 ,leaves acum9ate at ! apex 7#e-ae dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite to p9k7 7,sm>twe$7 --#cj4 #bi;a4 ,/em unbran*$1 erect1 be>+ a s+le t]m9al raceme 7#e-cj cm4 high2 fl[]s p9k7 ,bi/ort1 ,polygonum vivip>um4 #bi;b4 ,/em bran*$1 subm]g$ 9 wat] or creep+ on muddy %ores 7fl[]s p9k7 ,wat] ,sm>twe$1 ,polygonum amphibium4 #cj;a4 ,raceme s+le or two2 leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate1 ab\t #c times z long z wide ,sm>twe$1 ,polygonum muhl5b]gii4 #cj;b4 ,racemes num]\s2 leaves lanceolate1 #d-f times z long z wide --#ca4 #ca;a4 ,racemes droop+ or nodd+ at ! tip ,sm>twe$1 ,polygonum lapa?ifolium4 #ca;b4 ,racemes erect ,sm>twe$1 ,polygonum p5nsylvanicum4 #cb;a4 ,leaves arr[-%ape1 ! basal lobes po9t+ backw>d ,te>-?umb1 ,polygonum sagittatum4 #cb;b4 ,leaves halb]d-%ape1 ! basal lobes po9t+ sidewise ,te>-?umb1 ,polygonum arifolium4 #cc;a4 ,! ?ree out] sepals becom+ conspicu\sly w+$ 9 fruit 7,false ,buck:eat7 --#cd4 #cc;b4 ,! sepals all un*ang$ 9 fruit1 except 9 size 7,black ,b9dwe$7 --#ce4 #cd;a4 ,w+s ( ! fruit ) wavy-curl$ m>g9s ,false ,buck:eat1 ,polygonum sc&5s4 #cd;b4 ,w+s ( ! fruit flat ,false ,buck:eat1 ,polygonum dumetorum4 #ce;a4 ,leaf-%ea?s ) a r+ ( bri/les at ! base ,black ,b9dwe$1 ,polygonum cil9ode4 #ce;b4 ,leaf-%ea?s )\t a r+ ( bri/les ,black ,b9dwe$1 ,polygonum convolvulus4 ,,*5opodiaceae1 ! ,goosefoot ,family ,h]bs1 ) inconspicu\s gre5i% or r$di% fl[]s )\t petals1 9 summ]4 #a;a4 ,leaves l9e> or ne>ly s1 entire --#b4 #a;b4 ,leaves ( a broad] %ape1 usually too!d or lob$ --#e4 #b;a4 ,leaves r /iff1 n>r[ly l9e> or ?read-l1 ) sp9e-l tips ,russian ,?i/le1 ,salsola kali v>4 t5uifolia4 #b;b4 ,leaves s(t1 n sp9e-l --#c4 #c;a4 ,widely bran*$1 r diffuse1 #a-e dm4 tall2 plant ( ! %ore ( ! ,great ,lakes ,bug-se$1 ,corisp]mum hyssopifolium4 #c;b4 ,erect plants ) asc5d+ bran*es --#d4 #d;a4 ,leaves glabr\s 7#c-f dm4 tall7 ,goosefoot1 ,*5opodium leptophyllum4 #d;b4 ,leaves m9utely ciliate on ! m>g9 7bu%y bran*$1 #e-aj dm4 tall7 ,ko*ia1 ,ko*ia scop>ia4 #e;a4 ,pr9cipal leaves ) a broad truncate1 r\nd$1 or ha/ate base --#f4 #e;b4 ,pr9cipal leaves n>r[$ to ! base --#ab4 #f;a4 ,leaves broadly ovate1 ) #a-d l>ge %>p project+ tee? on ea* side ,goosefoot1 ,*5opodium hybridum4 #f;b4 ,leaves ha/ate or triangul>-ovate1 entire or ) _m tee? --#g4 #g;a4 ,leaves entire or m]ely undulate --#h4 #g;b4 ,leaves %>ply or s9uately too!d --#i4 #h;a4 ,/em erect1 simple or sp>+ly bran*$ ,good ,k+ ,h5ry1 ,*5opodium bonus-h5ricus4 #h;b4 ,/em diffuse or asc5d+1 freely bran*$ ,ora*e1 ,atriplex patula4 #i;a4 ,fl[]s 9 small heads1 9 ! axils or 9 t]m9al spikes2 leaves s9uately too!d or ne>ly entire ,/rawb]ry ,blite1 ,*5opodium capitatum4 #i;b4 ,fl[]s 9 t]m9al panicles2 leaves %>ply too!d 7,goosefoot7 --#aj4 #aj;a4 ,panicles %ort1 n z long z ! subt5d+ leaves ,goosefoot1 ,*5opodium murale4 #aj;b4 ,panicles long1 exce$+ ! subt5d+ leaves --#aa4 #aa;a4 ,calyx gre5 ,goosefoot1 ,*5opodium urbicum4 #aa;b4 ,calyx r$ ,goosefoot1 ,*5opodium rubrum4 #ab;a4 ,foliage gl&ul> & /rongly aromatic --#ac4 #ab;b4 ,foliage n gl&ul> nor aromatic2 sometimes ill-sc5t$ --#ae4 #ac;a4 ,fl[]s 9 l>ge loose op5 spread+ panicles2 leaves deeply p9natifid ,j]usalem ,oak1 ,*5opodium botrys4 #ac;b4 ,fl[]s clu/]$ 9 sl5d] axill>y or t]m9al spikes --#ad4 #ad;a4 ,spikes d5se1 leafy ,mexican ,tea1 ,*5opodium ambrosioides4 #ad;b4 ,spikes op51 ne>ly leafless ,wormse$1 ,*5opodium ambrosioides v>4 an!lm9ticum4 #ae;a4 ,/em erect1 #e-bj dm4 tall2 leaves frequ5tly :ite-mealy ,lamb's ,qu>t]s1 ,*5opodium album4 #ae;b4 ,/em pro/rate or asc5d+1 succul5t2 leaves glauc\s-:ite b5ea? ,goosefoot1 ,*5opodium glaucum4 #ae;c4 ,/em widely & diffusely bran*$2 leaves gre51 soon decidu\s ,cycloloma1 ,cycloloma atriplicifolium4 ,,am>an?aceae1 ! ,am>an? ,family ,h]bs1 ) alt]nate leaves1 & inconspicu\s gre5i% or r$di% fl[]s )\t petals1 :i* are axill>y or 9 d5se clu/]s1 bloom+ 9 summ]4 #a;a4 ,fl[]-clu/]s axill>y --#b4 #a;b4 ,fl[]-clu/]s 9 t]m9al spikes or panicles1 sometimes also axill>y --#c4 #b;a4 ,plant pro/rate or decumb5t2 se$ ab\t #a4e mm4 broad ,pigwe$1 ,am>an?us blitoides4 #b;b4 ,plant erect or asc5d+1 widely bran*$2 se$s ab\t #a mm4 broad 7#c-aj dm4 high7 ,tumble ,we$1 ,am>an?us graecizans4 #c;a4 ,pr9cipal leaves ) a pair ( sp9es at _! base ,?orny ,am>an?1 ,am>an?us sp9osus4 #c;b4 ,sp9es none at ! base ( ! leaves --#d4 #d;a4 ,we$y plants ( cultivat$ or wa/e gr\nd2 fl[]s monoeci\s or polygam\s2 pi/illate fl[]s ) a calyx 7,pigwe$7 --#e4 #d;b4 ,plants ( swamps or /ream-banks2 fl[]s dioeci\s2 pi/illate fl[]s )\t calyx 7,wat] ,hemp7 --#g4 #e;a4 ,spikes %ort1 #a-h cm4 long1 cr[d$ 9 d5se ovoid panicles2 ! t]m9al spike n conspicu\sly elongat$ beyond ! appress$ or asc5d+ l[] ones ,pigwe$1 ,am>an?us retr(lexus4 #e;b4 ,spikes sl5d]1 #a-ab cm4 long2 ! t]m9al spike greatly exce$+ ! %ort inconspicu\s div]g5t l[] ones --#f4 #f;a4 ,bracts subulate1 %>ply awn$ ,pigwe$1 ,am>an?us hybridus4 #f;b4 ,bracts m]ely acum9ate ,pigwe$1 ,am>an?us paniculatus4 #g;a4 ,fl[]s 9 leafy spikes1 or ! l[] 9 sep>ate clu/]s ,wat] ,hemp1 ,acnida tub]culata4 #g;b4 ,fl[]s 9 sep>ate di/9ct clu/]s ,wat] ,hemp1 ,acnida tub]culata v>4 subnuda4 ,,phytolaccaceae1 ! ,pokewe$ ,family ,h]bs ) alt]nate entire leaves1 small fl[]s )\t petals1 & a _m-cell$ ov>y4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan1 #a-b m4 high1 ) num]\s racemes ( :iti% fl[]s1 9 late summ]1 foll[$ by d>k-purple b]ries ,pokewe$1 ,phytolacca dec&ra4 ,,nyctag9aceae1 ! ,f\r-o',clock ,family ,h]bs1 ) opposite entire leaves & fl[]s 9 small clu/]s surr\nd$ by a broad op5 calyx-l involucre2 ! true calyx color$ l a corolla2 petals none 7#d-h dm4 high2 fl[]s purple1 9 summ]74 #a;a4 ,leaves lanceolate or n>r[]1 sessile ,umbrella-wort1 ,oxybaphus hirsutus4 #a;b4 ,leaves ovate1 petiol$ ,umbrella-wort1 ,oxybaphus nyctag9eus4 ,,illecebraceae1 ! ,knotwort ,family ,h]bs1 ) opposite entire leaves1 & m9ute fl[]s )\t petals4 7,pro/rate spread+ or freely bran*$ plants1 #c dm4 high or less2 fl[]s 9 summ]47 #a;a4 ,/ipules none2 leaves slightly connate at base1 subulate ,knawel1 ,scl]an?us annuus4 #a;b4 ,/ipules pres5t1 b small2 leaves elliptical or oval 7,=k$ ,*ickwe$7 --#b4 #b;a4 ,/ems pubesc5t2 int]nodes seldom m ?an #a cm4 long ,=k$ ,*ickwe$1 ,any*ia polygonoides4 #b;b4 ,/ems smoo?2 int]nodes ab\t #b cm4 long ,=k$ ,*ickwe$1 ,any*ia canad5sis4 ,,aizoaceae1 ! ,c>pet-we$ ,family ,pro/rate h]bs1 ) :orl$ leaves & small :iti% axill>y fl[]s )\t petals1 9 summ]4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan ,c>pet-we$1 ,mollugo v]ticillata4 ,,c>yophyllaceae1 ! ,p9k ,family ,h]bs1 ) opposite or :orl$ entire leaves1 & /ems frequ5tly swoll5 at ! nodes4 ,sepals #d or #e2 petals sep>ate1 z _m z ! sepals1 or r>ely none2 /am5s twice z _m z ! petals 9 plants ) conspicu\s fl[]s1 sometimes few] 9 ^? ) small fl[]s2 ov>y #a-;cell$1 ) ! ovules on a c5tral axis1 & ) #b-e /yles4 #a;a4 ,calyx spread+1 ( sep>ate sepals2 fl[]s #ae mm4 wide or less2 petals sometimes none --#b4 #a;b4 ,calyx tubul>1 ( unit$ sepals2 fl[]s 9 _m species m ?an #ae mm4 wide2 petals always pres5t --#bb4 #b;a4 ,/ipules pres5t --#c4 #b;b4 ,/ipules none --#d4 #c;a4 ,leaves opposite2 fl[]s p9k 7ab\t #a dm4 high2 summ]7 ,s& ,spurrey1 ,sp]gul>ia rubra4 #c;b4 ,leaves :orl$2 fl[]s :ite 7#a-e dm4 high2 leaves l9e>2 summ]7 ,spurrey1 ,sp]gula arv5sis4 #d;a4 ,leaves subulate or ?read-l --#e4 #d;b4 ,leaves l9e> to ovate --#g4 #e;a4 ,leaves opposite 7#a dm4 high or less2 fl[]s :ite1 summ]7 ,pe>lwort1 ,sag9a procumb5s4 #e;b4 ,leaves fascicl$ 9 ! axils --#f4 #f;a4 ,/yles #d or #e 7#a dm4 high2 t]m9al :ite fl[]s #e mm4 wide1 9 summ]7 ,pe>lwort1 ,sag9a nodosa4 #f;b4 ,/yles #c 7#a-d dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite1 ne>ly #a cm4 wide1 summ]7 ,/it*wort1 ,ar5>ia /ricta4 #g;a4 ,petals entire 7#c dm4 high or less2 fl[]s :ite1 9 summ]7 7,/it*wort7 --#h4 #g;b4 ,petals not*$ or #b-;cleft at ! end1 or none --#aa4 #h;a4 ,pr9cipal leaves #a cm4 long or less --#i4 #h;b4 ,pr9cipal leaves #a4e cm4 long or m --#aj4 #i;a4 ,petals half z long z ! sepals ,/it*wort1 ,ar5>ia leptoclados4 #i;b4 ,petals almo/ z long z ! sepals ,/it*wort1 ,ar5>ia s]pyllifolia4 #aj;a4 ,leaves oblong-oval1 obtuse4 ,/it*wort1 ,ar5>ia lat]iflora4 #aj;b4 ,leaves lanceolate1 acute4 ,/it*wort1 ,ar5>ia macrophylla4 #aa;a4 ,capsule splitt+ by valves at maturity2 /yles usually #c 7,*ickwe$7 --#ab4 #aa;b4 ,capsule op5+ by t]m9al tee? at maturity2 /yles usually #e 7tuft$ or matt$ plants1 #a-e dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite1 9 spr+ & summ]7 7,m\se-e> ,*ickwe$7 --#ah4 #ab;a4 ,petals di/9ctly %ort] ?an ! sepals1 or none --#ac4 #ab;b4 ,petals z long z ! sepals1 or long] --#ae4 #ac;a4 ,leaves ovate 7#a-c dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite1 all summ]7 ,*ickwe$1 ,/ell>ia m$ia4 #ac;b4 ,leaves lanceolate to oblong 79 wat] or wet places1 #a-d dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite1 9 summ]7 --#ad4 #ad;a4 ,fl[]s 9 a leafy t]m9al bran*+ clu/] ,*ickwe$1 ,/ell>ia borealis4 #ad;b4 ,fl[]s 9 a lat]al clu/] ) m9ute bracts ,*ickwe$1 ,/ell>ia ulig9osa4 #ae;a4 ,fl[]s 9 clu/]s ) leaf-l bracts1 or axill>y & solit>y 79 wat] or wet places2 #a-c dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite1 summ]7 ,*ickwe$1 ,/ell>ia crassifolia4 #ae;b4 ,fl[]s 9 clu/]s ) scale-l bracts --#af4 #af;a4 ,leaves di/9ctly l9e>2 cymes lat]al2 a common species 9 m>%es 7#b-e dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite1 e>ly summ]7 ,*ickwe$1 ,/ell>ia longifolia4 #af;b4 ,leaves di/9ctly broade/ ne> ! base2 fl[]-clu/] t]m9al --#ag4 #ag;a4 ,p$icels erect2 clu/]s usually few-fl[]$2 9 extreme nor!rn "p ( ! /ate only 7#a-c dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite1 summ]7 ,*ickwe$1 ,/ell>ia longipes4 #ag;b4 ,p$icels spread+2 clu/]s op51 _m-fl[]$ 7#b-f dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite1 9 summ]7 ,*ickwe$1 ,/ell>ia gram9ea4 #ah;a4 ,petals di/9ctly long] ?an ! sepals --#ai4 #ah;b4 ,petals z long z ! sepals1 or %ort] ?an !m --#ba4 #ai;a4 ,fl[]s mu* less ?an #a cm4 wide ,m\se-e> ,*ickwe$1 ,c]a/ium nutans4 #ai;b4 ,fl[]s m ?an #a cm4 wide --#bj4 #bj;a4 ,/em-leaves l9e> or n>r[ly lanceolate ,m\se-e> ,*ickwe$1 ,c]a/ium arv5se4 #bj;b4 ,/em-leaves oblong ,m\se-e> ,*ickwe$1 ,c]a/ium arv5se v>4 oblongifolium4 #ba;a4 ,bracts gre52 p$icels %ort & infloresc5ce cr[d$ ,m\se-e> ,*ickwe$1 ,c]a/ium viscosum4 #ba;b4 ,bracts ) transp>5t :ite m>g9s2 p$icels long] ?an ! calyx & infloresc5ce op5 ,m\se-e> ,*ickwe$1 ,c]a/ium vulgatum4 #bb;a4 ,/yles #e --#bc4 #bb;b4 ,/yles #c 7#c-aj dm4 high2 fl[]s 9 summ]7 --#be4 #bb;c4 ,/yles #b --#bi4 #bc;a4 ,calyx-tee? mu* long] ?an ! calyx-tube 7erect1 #d-aj dm4 high2 fl[]s l>ge1 r$1 late summ]7 ,corn ,cockle1 ,agro/emma gi?ago4 #bc;b4 ,calyx-tee? %ort] ?an ! calyx-tube 7#d-aj dm4 high2 fl[]s 9 summ]7 --#bd4 #bd;a4 ,fl[]s crimson ,mulle9 ,p9k1 ,ly*nis coron>ia4 #bd;b4 ,fl[]s :ite or p9k ,:ite ,campion1 ,ly*nis alba4 #be;a4 ,fl[]s night-bloom+1 always wilt$ dur+ ! day ,cat*fly1 ,sil5e noctiflora4 #be;b4 ,fl[]s op5 dur+ ! day --#bf4 #bf;a4 ,fl[]s #f mm4 wide or less1 :ite or p9k ,cat*fly1 ,sil5e antirrh9a4 #bf;b4 ,fl[]s #a-b cm4 wide1 :ite to p9k or purple --#bg4 #bf;c4 ,fl[]s #b cm4 wide or m1 crimson ,fire ,p9k1 ,sil5e virg9ica4 #bg;a4 ,pr9cipal leaves 9 :orls ( #d ,/>ry ,campion1 ,sil5e /ellata4 #bg;b4 ,leaves opposite --#bh4 #bh;a4 ,calyx globul>1 mu* inflat$ or bladd]-l ,bladd] ,campion1 ,sil5e latifolia4 #bh;b4 ,calyx club-%ape1 n inflat$ ,sweet ,william ,cat*fly1 ,sil5e arm]ia4 #bi;a4 ,leaves l9e> or n>r[ly lanceolate1 #e mm4 wide or less 7fl[]s p9k or :ite1 9 summ]7 --#cj4 #bi;b4 ,leaves lanceolate or ovate 7fl[]s p9k1 :ite1 or r$1 9 summ]7 --#cb4 #cj;a4 ,fl[]s 9 t]m9al clu/]s2 leaves hairy 7#b-d dm4 high7 ,dept=d ,p9k1 ,dian?us arm]ia4 #cj;b4 ,fl[]s solit>y at ! ends ( long p$icels --#ca4 #ca;a4 ,fl[]s #c-d mm4 wide 7#a-b dm4 high7 ,gypsophyll1 ,gypsophila muralis4 #ca;b4 ,fl[]s #a cm4 wide or m 7#a-e dm4 high7 ,mead[ ,p9k1 ,dian?us deltoides4 #cb;a4 ,fl[]s less ?an #a cm4 broad --#cc4 #cb;b4 ,fl[]s m ?an #a cm4 broad --#cd4 #cc;a4 ,fl[]s :ite1 9 l>ge panicles 7#d-g dm4 high7 ,baby's ,brea?1 ,gypsophila paniculata4 #cc;b4 ,fl[]s pale r$1 9 loose clu/]s 7#d-aj dm4 high7 ,c[h]b1 ,sapon>ia vacc>ia4 #cd;a4 ,leaves ) #c-e prom95t ve9s 7#d-g dm4 high7 ,soapwort1 ,sapon>ia (fic9alis4 #cd;b4 ,leaves ) "o mid-ve9 7#c-f dm4 high7 ,sweet ,william1 ,dian?us b>batus4 ,,portulacaceae1 ! ,purslane ,family ,h]bs ) opposite or alt]nate leaves & regul> fl[]s ) #b sepals1 #e petals1 & a #a-;cell$ ov>y ) #b or #c /yles4 #a;a4 ,leaves a s+le pair on ea* /em 7#a-b dm4 high2 fl[]s p9k1 9 racemes 9 e>ly spr+7 7,spr+ ,beauty7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,leaves num]\s 7pro/rate or spread+2 fl[]s 9 summ]7 --#c4 #b;a4 ,leaves lance-ovate to oblong1 n m ?an six times z long z wide ,spr+ ,beauty1 ,claytonia c>ol9iana4 #b;b4 ,leaves l9e> or l9e>-lanceolate1 m ?an six times z long z wide ,spr+ ,beauty1 ,claytonia virg9ica4 #c;a4 ,fl[]s yell[1 ab\t #e mm4 wide ,purslane1 ,portulaca ol]acea4 #c;b4 ,fl[]s #b-e cm4 wide ,portulaca1 ,portulaca gr&iflora4 ,,c]atophyllaceae1 ! ,hornwort ,family ,subm]g$ aquatics1 ) :orl$1 f9ely dissect$ leaves & inconspicu\s fl[]s ) nei!r calyx nor corolla4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan ,hornwort1 ,c]atophyllum dem]sum4 ,,nymphaeaceae1 ! ,wat] ,lily ,family ,aquatic plants1 ) usually l>ge & float+ leaves :i* are r\nd or elliptical & palmately ve9$4 #a;a4 ,float+ & em]s$ leaves c5trally peltate --#b4 #a;b4 ,leaves r\nd$ b n peltate1 ) a deep s9us --#c4 #b;a4 ,leaves r\nd1 #c dm4 9 diamet] or m2 fl[]s v l>ge1 pale yell[ ,lotus1 ,nelumbo lutea4 #b;b4 ,leaves oval1 #e-ae cm4 long2 fl[]s small1 purple ,wat] ,%ield1 ,bras5ia s*reb]i4 #c;a4 ,fl[]s yell[ 7,pond ,lily7 --#d4 #c;b4 ,fl[]s :ite or t+$ ) p9k 7,wat] ,lily7 --#e4 #d;a4 ,leaves m ?an #a dm4 long ,pond ,lily1 ,nymphaea adv5a4 #d;b4 ,leaves less ?an #a dm4 long ,pond ,lily1 ,nymphaea microphylla4 #e;a4 ,fl[]s v fragrant2 leaves purpli% b5ea? ,wat] ,lily1 ,ca/alia odorata4 #e;b4 ,fl[]s n fragrant2 leaves gre5 b5ea? ,wat] ,lily1 ,ca/alia tub]osa4 ,,ranunculaceae1 ! ,cr[foot ,family ,h]bs ) alt]nate 7r>ely opposite7 leaves1 acrid wat]y juice1 sep>ate sepals & petals1 num]\s /am5s1 & sev]al or _m 7r>ely only #a7 simple pi/ils4 ,petals pres5t or abs5t1 9 ! latt] case ! sepals are usually petal-l 9 appe>ance4 #a;a4 ,climb+ plants ) opposite leaves 7fl[]s 9 late summ]7 7,virg9's ,b[]7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,aquatic plants ) dissect$ subm]g$ leaves 7fl[]s 9 late spr+ & summ]7 7,wat] ,cr[foot7 --#c4 #a;c4 ,t]re/rial or mud plants1 n agree+ ) #a;a or #a;b --#f4 #b;a4 ,fl[]s :ite1 #b-c cm4 wide ,virg9's ,b[]1 ,clematis virg9iana4 #b;b4 ,fl[]s p9k-purple1 #e-h cm4 wide ,virg9's ,b[]1 ,clematis v]ticill>is4 #c;a4 ,fl[]s :ite --#d4 #c;b4 ,fl[]s yell[ --#e4 #d;a4 ,leaves rigid1 n collaps+ :5 remov$ f ! wat] ,wat] ,cr[foot1 ,ranunculus circ9atus4 #d;b4 ,leaves s(t1 collaps+ :5 remov$ f ! wat] ,wat] ,cr[foot1 ,ranunculus aquatilis v>4 capillaceus4 #e;a4 ,subm]g$ leaves divid$ into hair-l segm5ts ,wat] ,cr[foot1 ,ranunculus delph9ifolius4 #e;b4 ,subm]g$ leaves palmately divid$ into l9e> lobes ,wat] ,cr[foot1 ,ranunculus pur%ii4 #f;a4 ,fl[]s blue1 irregul>1 ) "o spur 7#d-h dm4 high1 summ]7 ,l>kspur1 ,delph9ium ajacis4 #f;b4 ,! five petals ea* prolong$ into a spur2 fl[]s %[y 7#d-h dm4 tall7 7,columb9e7 --#g4 #f;c4 ,fl[]s regul>1 )\t spurs --#h4 #g;a4 ,spurs ne>ly /raight2 fl[]s sc>let & yell[ 7spr+7 ,wild ,columb9e1 ,aquilegia canad5sis4 #g;b4 ,spurs /rongly incurv$2 fl[]s blue or :ite 7spr+1 e>ly summ]7 ,columb9e1 ,aquilegia vulg>is4 #h;a4 ,fl[]s yell[ --#i4 #h;b4 ,fl[]s ( v>i\s colors1 b nev] yell[ --#bh4 #i;a4 ,petals none2 sepals petal-l2 leaves cr5ate or d5tate 7#b-d dm4 high1 fl[]s 9 e>ly spr+7 ,c[slip1 ,cal?a palu/ris4 #i;b4 ,petals small2 sepals petal-l2 leaves deeply palmately lob$ 7#d-f dm4 tall2 fl[]s 9 late spr+7 ,globe-fl[]1 ,trollius laxus4 #i;c4 ,petals yell[2 sepals gre5 or yell[i% --#aj4 #aj;a4 ,leaves l9e> to n>r[ly oblong1 entire or ) m9ute tee? 7fl[]s #aj-ae mm4 wide1 9 summ]7 --#aa4 #aj;b4 ,leaves broad]1 "s or all ( !m lob$ or divid$1 or cordate-ovate & n lob$ --#ab4 #aa;a4 ,/ems asc5d+ 7#d-h dm4 high71 root+ at ! l[] jo9ts2 fruits po9t$ ) a long sl5d] beak ,spe>wort1 ,ranunculus laxicaulis4 #aa;b4 ,/ems pro/rate & trail+1 root+ at ! jo9ts2 fruits tipp$ ) a m9ute %ort beak ,spe>wort1 ,ranunculus flammula v>4 reptans4 #ab;a4 ,basal leaves1 or mo/ ( !m1 m]ely s]rate or cr5ate1 & n obvi\sly lob$ --#ac4 #ab;b4 ,all ! leaves lob$ or divid$ --#af4 #ac;a4 ,/em-leaves resembl+ ! basal ones1 & n lob$ 7#a-b dm4 high2 summ]7 ,sea-side ,cr[foot1 ,ranunculus cymbal>ia4 #ac;b4 ,/em-leaves deeply divid$ into oblong or l9e> segm5ts --#ad4 #ad;a4 ,fl[]s #a4e cm4 wide or m 7#a-c dm4 high2 spr+7 ,butt]cup1 ,ranunculus rhomboideus4 #ad;b4 ,fl[]s #a cm4 wide or less 7#b-e dm4 high2 spr+7 --#ae4 #ae;a4 ,foliage glabr\s or m9utely pubesc5t2 basal leaves cordate ,small-fl[]$ ,cr[foot1 ,ranunculus abortivus4 #ae;b4 ,foliage vill\s2 basal leaves b>ely cordate or n at all ,small-fl[]$ ,cr[foot1 ,ranunculus micran?us4 #af;a4 ,/em erect or ess5tially s --#ag4 #af;b4 ,/em pro/rate1 creep+1 or asc5d+4 ,e>ly 9 spr+ /ems may be f\nd :i* appe> almo/ erect4 ,common spr+-fl[]+ butt]cups are all classifi$ "h --#bb4 #ag;a4 ,fl[]s #b cm4 broad or l>g] 7,butt]cup7 --#ah4 #ag;b4 ,fl[]s #a cm4 broad or small] --#ai4 #ah;a4 ,t]m9al lobe ( leaf /alk$ 7#b-e dm4 high1 e>ly summ]7 ,butt]cup1 ,ranunculus bulbosus4 #ah;b4 ,t]m9al lobe ( leaf sessile 7#e-aj dm4 high2 all summ]7 ,butt]cup1 ,ranunculus acris4 #ai;a4 ,plant glabr\s1 succul5t2 /em holl[ 7#a-e dm4 high2 spr+ & summ]7 ,curs$ ,cr[foot1 ,ranunculus scel]atus4 #ai;b4 ,plant pubesc5t 7,butt]cup7 --#bj4 #bj;a4 ,fruits tipp$ ) a prom95t recurv$ beak2 plant ( %ady woods 7#b-f dm4 high2 fl[]s 9 late spr+7 ,butt]cup1 ,ranunculus recurvatus4 #bj;b4 ,fruits tipp$ ) a /raight or slightly curv$ beak2 plants ( m>%es or wet soil 7#c-f dm4 high2 fl[]s 9 summ]7 --#ba4 #ba;a4 ,fruits 9 a %ort-cyl9dric head on a conical receptacle ,butt]cup1 ,ranunculus p5nsylvanicus4 #ba;b4 ,fruits 9 a globose or %ort-ovoid head1 on an obovoid receptacle ,butt]cup1 ,ranunculus mac\nii4 #bb;a4 ,leaves dissect$ into num]\s l9e> or n>r[ly w$ge-%ape divisions2 plants gr[+ 9 wat] or v wet places 7late spr+ & summ]7 ,wat] ,cr[foot1 ,ranunculus delph9ifolius4 #bb;b4 ,leaves palmately lob$1 ! t]m9al division n def9itely /alk$ --#bc4 #bb;c4 ,leaves comp\nd1 "s or all ( ! divisions on def9ite /alks 7,butt]cup7 --#bd4 #bc;a4 ,/em-leaves num]\s 7#a-b dm4 tall2 late spr+ & summ]7 ,cr[foot1 ,ranunculus pur%ii4 #bc;b4 ,/em-leaves "o or none1 ! pr9cipal leaves all basal 7ab\t #a dm4 high2 fl[]s 9 summ]7 ,butt]cup1 ,ranunculus lapponicus4 #bd;a4 ,/yle %ort1 obvi\sly curv$ --#be4 #bd;b4 ,/yle long & sl5d]1 /raight or ne>ly s 7common spr+-fl[]+ butt]cups1 #b-e dm4 high7 --#bf4 #be;a4 ,/ems creep+2 fl[]s #b cm4 wide or m 7spr+7 ,butt]cup1 ,ranunculus rep5s4 #be;b4 ,/ems asc5d+2 fl[]s #a4e cm4 wide or less 7#c-f dm4 high2 summ]7 ,butt]cup1 ,ranunculus mac\nii4 #bf;a4 ,! two lat]al divisions ( ! leaf sessile or ne>ly s ,butt]cup1 ,ranunculus fascicul>is4 #bf;b4 ,! two lat]al divisions ( ! leaf on long /alks --#bg4 #bg;a4 ,roots fibr\s2 plants ( wet soil ,butt]cup1 ,ranunculus sept5trionalis4 #bg;b4 ,roots ?ick5$2 plants ( dry woods or ?ickets ,butt]cup1 ,ranunculus hispidus4 #bh;a4 ,leaves dissect$ into num]\s n>r[ly l9e> acute divisions 7#d-g dm4 high2 fl[]s l>ge1 blui%1 9 summ]7 ,love-9-a-mi/1 ,nigella damasc5a4 #bh;b4 ,leaves lob$ or divid$1 b ! divisions n sep>at$ by def9ite /alks --#bi4 #bh;c4 ,leaves truly comp\nd1 all _! divisions sep>at$ by di/9ct /alks --#ci4 #bi;a4 ,leaves all basal1 _! lobes 7usually #c7 entire 7#a-b dm4 high2 fl[]s p9k-purple1 9 e>lie/ spr+7 7,hepatica7 --#cj4 #bi;b4 ,lobes ( ! leaf s]rate or incis$ --#ca4 #cj;a4 ,lobes ( ! leaf obtuse or r\nd$ ,hepatica1 ,hepatica triloba4 #cj;b4 ,lobes ( ! leaf acute ,hepatica1 ,hepatica acutiloba4 #ca;a4 ,petals none2 sepals #c1 usually fall+ away z soon z ! fl[] op5s 7#b-d dm4 high2 fl[]s gre5i%-:ite1 9 spr+7 ,gold5 ,seal1 ,hydra/is canad5sis4 #ca;b4 ,petals none2 sepals petal-l1 #d or m 7,anemone7 --#cb4 #ca;c4 ,petals pres5t1 b mu* small] ?an ! #e petal-l sepals --#ch4 #cb;a4 ,/em-leaves sessile or ne>ly s --#cc4 #cb;b4 ,/em-leaves on def9ite petioles --#ce4 #cc;a4 ,ov>y tipp$ ) a long sl5d] hairy /yle2 fl[]s blui%-purple 7#a-d dm4 high2 e>ly spr+7 ,pasque ,fl[]1 ,anemone pat5s v>4 wolfgangiana4 #cc;b4 ,ov>y ) a %ort /yle1 d5sely woolly2 fl[]s r$1 gre5i%1 or :ite 7#a-d dm4 high2 late spr+ & summ]7 --#cd4 #cc;c4 ,ov>y tipp$ ) a %ort /yle1 glabr\s or ne>ly s2 fl[]s :ite 7#d-g dm4 high2 late spr+ & e>ly summ]7 ,anemone1 ,anemone canad5sis4 #cd;a4 ,/em #a-;fl[]$1 sepals :ite ,anemone1 ,anemone p>viflora4 #cd;b4 ,/em #c-;fl[]$2 sepals usually r$ ,anemone1 ,anemone multifida4 #ce;a4 ,a*5es d5sely woolly2 fl[]s appe>+ 9 summ] --#cf4 #ce;b4 ,a*5es m]ely pubesc5t2 /ems #a-;fl[]$2 woodl& species bloom+ 9 e>ly spr+ 7#a-b dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite7 ,wood ,anemone1 ,anemone qu9quefolia4 #cf;a4 ,segm5ts ( ! leaf broadly w$ge-%ape or ovate2 fl[]s :ite 7#d-h dm4 high7 --#cg4 #cf;b4 ,segm5ts ( ! leaf l9e>-oblong2 fl[] r$1 gre5i%1 or :ite2 plants gr[+ on ! %ores ( ! ,great ,lakes ,anemone1 ,anemone multifida4 #cg;a4 ,segm5ts ( ! basal leaves w$ge-lanceolate2 head ( fruit cyl9dric ,anemone1 ,anemone cyl9drica4 #cg;b4 ,segm5ts ( ! basal leaves ovate-lanceolate2 head ( fruit ovoid or oblong ,anemone1 ,anemone virg9iana4 #ch;a4 ,/em-leaves pres5t --#i;b4 #ch;b4 ,leaves all basal 7#a-b dm4 high2 leaves #c-;divid$2 fl[]s :ite1 9 e>ly summ]7 ,gold-?read1 ,coptis trifolia4 #ci;a4 ,fl[]s num]\s1 9 bran*+ panicles 7,mead[ ,rue7 --#dj4 #ci;b4 ,fl[]s num]\s1 9 racemes --#dc4 #ci;c4 ,fl[]s solit>y or few1 9 loose clu/]s2 woodl& plants bloom+ 9 e>ly spr+ 7#a-c dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite to purple7 --#de4 #dj;a4 ,bloom+ 9 spr+2 /em-leaves ) obvi\s petioles 7#c-g dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite or gre5i%7 ,mead[ ,rue1 ,?alictrum dioicum4 #dj;b4 ,bloom+ 9 late spr+ or summ]1 /em-leaves sessile or ne>ly s 7#h-ae dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite7 --#da4 #da;a4 ,filam5ts club-%ape1 approximately z wide z ! an!r ,mead[ ,rue1 ,?alictrum polygamum4 #da;b4 ,filam5ts sl5d] or ?read-l --#db4 #db;a4 ,leaves m9utely pubesc5t b5ea?1 b n gl&ul> ,mead[ ,rue1 ,?alictrum dasyc>pum4 #db;b4 ,leaves m9utely gl&ul> b5ea? ,mead[ ,rue1 ,?alictrum revolutum4 #dc;a4 ,racemes sl5d]1 #aj-ij cm4 long 7#h-ae dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite1 9 summ]7 ,bugbane1 ,cimicifuga racemosa4 #dc;b4 ,racemes %ort & /\t1 #c-h cm4 long 7#d-h dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite1 9 late spr+7 7,baneb]ry7 --#dd4 #dd;a4 ,b]ries :ite2 p$icels /rongly ?ick5$ at maturity ,baneb]ry1 ,actaea alba4 #dd;b4 ,b]ries r$2 p$icels sl5d] ,baneb]ry1 ,actaea rubra4 #de;a4 ,fl[]s :ite2 /em-leaves alt]nate ,isopyrum1 ,isopyrum bit]natum4 #de;b4 ,fl[]s :ite to p9k or purpli%2 /em-leaves :orl$ ,rue ,anemone1 ,anemonella ?alictroides4 ,,magnoliaceae1 ! ,magnolia ,family ,trees or %rubs1 ) alt]nate leaves1 & l>ge1 frequ5tly %[y fl[]s4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan1 ) broad #d-lob$ leaves & gre5i%-yell[ fl[]s 9 late spr+ ,tulip ,tree1 ,liriod5dron tulipif]a4 ,,anonaceae1 ! ,cu/>d ,apple ,family ,trees or %rubs1 ) alt]nate simple entire leaves1 #c sepals1 & #f petals4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan2 tall %rub or small tree1 ) obovate leaves & l>ge dull-purple fl[]s 9 spr+ ,papaw1 ,asim9a triloba4 ,,m5isp]maceae1 ! ,moonse$ ,family ,woody climb]s1 ) alt]nate leaves1 #f-h petals1 & num]\s /am5s4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan1 ) #e-g-;angl$ leaves :i* are peltate ne> ! edge1 & small :ite fl[]s 9 e>ly summ] ,moonse$1 ,m5isp]mum canad5se4 ,,b]b]idaceae1 ! ,b>b]ry ,family ,%rubs or h]bs2 petals #f or m2 /am5s #f-ah1 frequ5tly op5+ by two t]m9al lids2 pi/il #a4 #a;a4 ,leaves simple --#b4 #a;b4 ,leaves comp\nd --#c4 #b;a4 ,/em %rubby 7fl[]s yell[1 9 racemes1 9 spr+7 ,b>b]ry1 ,b]b]is vulg>is4 #b;b4 ,/em h]bace\s1 ) a s+le pair ( palmately lob$ leaves 7#d-f dm4 tall2 fl[] :ite1 solit>y1 t]m9al1 9 spr+7 ,may ,apple1 ,podophyllum peltatum4 #c;a4 ,leaves all basal2 leaflets #b 7#b-d dm4 high2 ! fl[]-/alks be>+ solit>y :ite fl[]s 9 spr+7 ,tw9-leaf1 ,jeff]sonia diphylla4 #c;b4 ,! /em-leaf t]nately comp\nd1 ) num]\s leaflets 7#d-h dm4 high2 ) yell[i%-gre5 clu/]$ fl[]s 9 spr+7 ,blue ,coho%1 ,caulophyllum ?alictroides4 ,,lauraceae1 ! ,laurel ,family ,trees or %rubs1 ) aromatic ta/e or odor1 & alt]nate simple leaves2 fl[]s small1 imp]fect1 ! an!rs op5+ by lids4 #a;a4 ,freely bran*$ %rub2 leaves obovate-oblong1 entire 7fl[]s yell[1 9 e>ly spr+1 be=e ! leaves7 ,spice ,bu%1 ,b5zo9 ae/ivale4 #a;b4 ,tree or tall %rub2 "s or all ( ! leaves #b-c-lob$ 7fl[]s gre5i%-yell[1 appe>+ ) ! leaves7 ,sassafras1 ,sassafras v>iifolium4 ,,papav]aceae1 ! ,poppy ,family ,h]bs ) milky or color$ juice1 regul> fl[]s1 #b sepals1 #d1 #f1 or #h petals1 num]\s /am5s1 & a #a-;cell$ ov>y4 #a;a4 ,leaves palmately lob$2 fl[] #b4e-e cm4 wide1 ) #h petals or m 7leaf basal2 fl[] :ite1 9 e>ly spr+7 ,bloodroot1 ,sangu9>ia canad5sis4 #a;b4 ,leaves p9nately too!d or lob$2 fl[] #g-aj cm4 wide1 ) #d-f petals 7#d-h cm4 high2 leaves clasp+2 summ]7 ,poppy1 ,papav] somnif]um4 #a;c4 ,leaves divid$ p9nately to ! mid-rib into sev]al too!d or lob$ segm5ts2 fl[] #b4e cm4 broad or less 7#c-e cm4 high2 fl[]s yell[7 --#b4 #b;a4 ,fl[]s 9 clu/]s ( #b-d1 ab\t #c cm4 wide 7spr+7 ,cel&9e ,poppy1 ,/ylophorum diphyllum4 #b;b4 ,fl[]s 9 umbels ( #c-h1 ab\t #a4e cm4 wide ,cel&9e1 ,*elidonium majus4 ,,fum>iaceae1 ! ,fumitory ,family ,h]bs ) wat]y juice1 comp\nd or dissect$ leaves1 & irregul> fl[]s2 sepals #b1 small2 petals #d1 9 two pairs1 & "o or bo? ( ! out] pair spurr$ at ! base2 /am5s #f4 #a;a4 ,bo? out] petals spurr$ or sack-l at ! base --#b4 #a;b4 ,"o out] petal spurr$ or sack-l at ! base --#d4 #b;a4 ,a climb+ v9e ) fl[]s 9 panicles 7:ite or p9ki% fl[]s 9 summ]7 ,climb+ ,fumitory1 ,adlumia fungosa4 #b;b4 ,l[ h]bs 7#b-d cm47 ) basal leaves & :ite or p9ki% fl[]s 9 racemes 7e>ly spr+7 --#c4 #c;a4 ,spurs ( ! corolla triangul>1 div]g5t ,dut*man's ,bree*es1 ,dic5tra cucull>ia4 #c;b4 ,spurs ( ! corolla %ort & r\nd$ ,squirrel ,corn1 ,dic5tra canad5sis4 #d;a4 ,fl[]s ab\t #e mm4 long1 p9k-purple tipp$ ) r$ 7#c-h dm4 high2 summ]7 ,fumitory1 ,fum>ia (fic9alis4 #d;b4 ,fl[]s #aj mm4 long or m1 yell[1 at lea/ at ! tip 7#b-f dm4 high7 7,corydalis7 --#e4 #e;a4 ,fl[]s yell[ ?r\gh\t 7spr+7 ,corydalis1 ,corydalis aurea4 #e;b4 ,fl[]s p9k1 tipp$ ) yell[ 7summ]74 ,corydalis1 ,corydalis semp]vir5s4 ,,crucif]ae1 ! ,mu/>d ,family ,h]bs1 ) alt]nate1 frequ5tly lob$ or dissect$ leaves1 & regul> fl[]s1 usually 9 racemes2 sepals & petals ea* #d1 /am5s #f1 #d long & #b %ort 7or r>ely #b only71 ov>y #a4 #a;a4 ,petals yell[ or yell[i% --#b4 #a;b4 ,petals :ite1 p9k1 or purple1 nev] yell[ --#bi4 #b;a4 ,leaves simple1 entire or d5tate1 nev] lob$ --#c4 #b;b4 ,leaves deeply lob$ or comp\nd 7! bracteal leaves1 at or ne> ! fl[]-clu/]s1 may be simple & unlob$7 --#aj4 #c;a4 ,leaves clasp+ ! /em --#d4 #c;b4 ,leaves n clasp+ at base --#f4 #d;a4 ,clasp+ base & apex ( leaf obtuse or r\nd$2 pod v long & sl5d] 7#c-h dm4 high2 summ]7 ,h>e's ,e>1 ,conr+ia ori5talis4 #d;b4 ,clasp+ base & apex ( leaf acute2 pod obovoid 7#c-g dm4 high2 e>ly summ]7 7,false ,flax7 --#e4 #e;a4 ,/em & leaves glabr\s ,false ,flax1 ,camel9a sativa4 #e;b4 ,leaves & usually ! /em pubesc5t ,false ,flax1 ,camel9a microc>pa4 #f;a4 ,fl[]s ab\t #b mm4 wide 7#a-c dm4 high2 fl[]s 9 summ]7 --#g4 #f;b4 ,fl[]s #e mm4 wide or m 7#b-f dm4 high2 fl[]s 9 summ]7 --#h4 #g;a4 ,leaves ab\t twice z long z broad1 wide/ ne> or bel[ ! middle ,:itl[ ,grass1 ,draba nemorosa4 #g;b4 ,leaves #c-e times z long z broad1 wide/ above ! middle ,yell[ ,alyssum1 ,alyssum alyssoides4 #h;a4 ,leaves lanceolate1 gradually tap]+ to ! base2 fl[]s ab\t #ae mm4 wide ,s& ,rocket1 ,diplotaxis muralis4 #h;b4 ,leaves ovate1 acute at base2 fl[]s ab\t #ae mm4 wide --#bb;a4 #h;c4 ,leaves entire or m9utely too!d2 fl[]s #e-aj mm4 wide --#i4 #i;a4 ,pods #be mm4 long or less1 on sl5d] p$icels ab\t #h mm4 long ,worm-se$ ,mu/>d1 ,erysimum *eiran?oides4 #i;b4 ,pods #bj mm4 long or m1 on /\t p$icels ab\t #d mm4 long ,worm-se$ ,mu/>d1 ,erysimum p>viflorum4 #aj;a4 ,leaves bip9nate or dissect$ into v num]\s divisions 7#c-h dm4 high2 fl[]s 9 summ]7 --#aa4 #aj;b4 ,leaves simply p9nate --#ac4 #aa;a4 ,fl[]s ab\t #e mm4 broad2 pods ab\t #bj mm4 long by #a mm4 broad ,h]b ,sophia1 ,sisymbrium sophia4 #aa;b4 ,fl[]s ab\t #c mm4 broad2 pods ab\t #h mm4 long by #b mm4 wide 7,tansy ,mu/>d7 --#ab4 #ab;a4 ,/ems gray ) a close f9e pubesc5ce ,tansy ,mu/>d1 ,sisymbrium canesc5s4 #ab;b4 ,/ems gre5 ,tansy ,mu/>d1 ,sisymbrium canesc5s v>4 bra*yc>pon4 #ac;a4 ,pod %ort1 n m ?an #c times z long z wide 7co>se plants1 pref]r+ wet or s&y gr\nd2 fl[]s 9 summ]7 7,yell[ ,cress7 --#ad4 #ac;b4 ,pod elongat$1 m ?an #d times z long z wide --#ag4 #ad;a4 ,/ems creep+1 ) erect or asc5d+ bran*es2 fl[]s ab\t #h mm4 wide ,yell[ ,cress1 ,radicula sylve/ris4 #ad;b4 ,/ems erect or asc5d+ 7#c-aj dm4 high72 fl[]s ab\t #d mm4 wide --#ae4 #ae;a4 ,pods ab\t twice z long z ! p$icels ,yell[ ,cress1 ,radicula obtusa4 #ae;b4 ,pods ab\t z long z ! p$icels1 or %ort] ?an !m --#af4 #af;a4 ,plant glabr\s or m9utely pubesc5t ,yell[ ,cress1 ,radicula palu/ris4 #af;b4 ,plant hirsute ,yell[ ,cress1 ,radicula palu/ris v>4 hispida4 #ag;a4 ,petals #g mm4 long or m2 pod t]m9at+ 9 a conspicu\s beak 7co>se1 we$y plants1 #c-ab dm4 high1 bloom+ 9 summ]7 --#ah4 #ag;b4 ,petals ( small] size2 pod n t]m9at+ 9 a conspicu\s beak --#bd4 #ah;a4 ,upp] /em-leaves clasp+ at ! base ,rutabaga1 ,brassica campe/ris4 #ah;b4 ,upp] /em-leaves n clasp+ --#ai4 #ai;a4 ,pod tipp$ ) a sl5d] cyl9drical beak ^: base is mu* n>r[] ?an ! pod --#bj4 #ai;b4 ,pod gradually n>r[$ at its tip into a /\t1 flatt5$ or angl$ beak --#bb4 #bj;a4 ,leaves oblanceolate1 r regul>ly p9natifid1 ! t]m9al segm5t ab\t ! same size z ! lat]al ones ,s& ,rocket1 ,diplotaxis muralis4 #bj;b4 ,leaves broad1 irregul>ly p9natifid especially bel[ ! middle1 ) a l>ge t]m9al segm5t --#ba4 #ba;a4 ,beak ( pod #c-d mm4 long ,black ,mu/>d1 ,brassica nigra4 #ba;b4 ,beak ( pod #e mm4 long or m ,indian ,mu/>d1 ,brassica juncea4 #bb;a4 ,leaves d5tate or lob$ ,*>lock1 ,brassica arv5sis4 #bb;b4 ,leaves deeply p9natifid --#bc4 #bc;a4 ,pod dehisc5t :5 ripe by two valves1 tipp$ ) a flat or angl$ beak ,:ite ,mu/>d1 ,brassica alba4 #bc;b4 ,pod indehisc5t1 ) spongy cross-p>titions betwe5 ! se$s1 tipp$ ) a conical beak ,wild ,radi%1 ,raphanus raphani/rum4 #bd;a4 ,t]m9al segm5t ( ! pr9cipal leaves mu* l>g] ?an ! lat]al segm5ts2 fl[]s 9 spr+ & summ] --#be4 #bd;b4 ,t]m9al segm5t ( ! pr9cipal leaves equal+ or small] ?an ! lat]al ones 7#e-aj dm4 high2 pods v long & sl5d]2 fl[]s 9 summ]7 ,sisymbrium1 ,sisymbrium altissimum4 #be;a4 ,fl[]s ab\t #c mm4 wide2 pods erect & closely appress$ to ! /em 7#c-i dm4 high2 we$ bloom+ 9 summ]7 7,h$ge ,mu/>d7 --#bf4 #be;b4 ,fl[]s ab\t #g mm4 wide2 pods spread+ or asc5d+ 7#c-f dm4 high2 fl[]s 9 spr+7 7,w9t] ,cress7 --#bg4 #bf;a4 ,pods pubesc5t ,h$ge ,mu/>d1 ,sisymbrium (fic9ale4 #bf;b4 ,pods glabr\s ,h$ge ,mu/>d1 ,sisymbrium (fic9ale v>4 leioc>pum4 #bg;a4 ,lat]al leaf-segm5ts #e-h pairs on ! pr9cipal leaves ,w9t] ,cress1 ,b>b>ea v]na4 #bg;b4 ,lat]al leaf-segm5ts #a-d pairs on ! pr9cipal leaves --#bh4 #bh;a4 ,fl[]s bright yell[1 9 racemes2 pods spread+ or asc5d+ ,w9t] ,cress1 ,b>b>ea vulg>is4 #bh;b4 ,fl[]s pale yell[1 9 corymb-l clu/]s2 pods erect & some:at appress$ ,w9t] ,cress1 ,b>b>ea /ricta4 #bi;a4 ,pr9cipal /em-leaves comp\nd or deeply lob$ 7! upp]mo/ or bracteal leaves may be simple7 --#cj4 #bi;b4 ,pr9cipal /em-leaves entire1 d5tate1 s]rate1 or sometimes %all[ly lob$ or none 7! basal leaves1 at ! surface ( ! gr\nd1 may be deeply lob$ or comp\nd7 --#db4 #cj;a4 ,leaves t]nately divid$ or comp\nd 7#b-e dm4 high2 fl[]s 9 spr+7 7,too?wort7 --#ca4 #cj;b4 ,leaves p9nately divid$ or comp\nd --#cc4 #ca;a4 ,leaf-segm5ts lanceolate or n>r[ly oblong ,too?wort1 ,d5t>ia lac9iata4 #ca;b4 ,leaf-segm5ts ovate or ovate-oblong --#cb4 #cb;a4 ,/em-leaves #b1 opposite or ne>ly opposite ,too?wort1 ,d5t>ia diphylla4 #cb;b4 ,/em-leaves #b-e1 alt]nate ,too?wort1 ,d5t>ia maxima4 #cc;a4 ,plants gr[+ 9 wat]1 or 9 mud ne> wat] 7spr+ & summ]7 --#cd4 #cc;b4 ,plants ( dry or moi/ soil --#ce4 #cd;a4 ,a]ial leaves di/9ctly comp\nd1 ) #c-aa leaflets ,wat] ,cress1 ,radicula na/urtium-aquaticum4 #cd;b4 ,a]ial leaves m]ely s]rate to p9natifid2 ! subm]g$ leaves1 if pres5t1 dissect$ ,lake ,cress1 ,radicula aquatica4 #ce;a4 ,fl[]s #e mm4 broad1 or less --#cf4 #ce;b4 ,fl[]s #f mm4 broad1 or m --#ci4 #cf;a4 ,/em-leaves irregul>ly p9natifid or lob$2 pod ab\t z broad z long 7#b-d dm4 high2 fl[]s 9 summ]7 ,g>d5 ,cress1 ,lepidium sativum4 #cf;b4 ,/em-leaves di/9ctly p9natifid1 ) #c-f pairs ( lat]al segm5ts 7spr+7 7,bitt] ,cress7 --#cg4 #cg;a4 ,leaves *iefly basal1 pubesc5t on ! upp] side 7#a-c dm4 tall7 ,bitt] ,cress1 ,c>dam9e hirsuta4 #cg;b4 ,/em-leaves conspicu\s1 glabr\s on ! upp] side --#ch4 #ch;a4 ,plant ( dry soil2 fl[]s ab\t #c mm4 wide 7#a-d dm4 high7 ,bitt] ,cress1 ,c>dam9e p>viflora4 #ch;b4 ,plant ( moi/ or wet soil2 fl[]s ab\t #e mm4 wide 7#b-h dm4 high7 ,bitt] ,cress1 ,c>dam9e p5nsylvanica4 #ci;a4 ,leaves irregul>ly p9natifid or lob$1 n segm5t$ into def9itely pair$ divisions 7co>se plants #d-h dm4 high2 fl[]s 9 summ]7 --#dj4 #ci;b4 ,leaves deeply segm5t$ into #c-aj pairs ( divisions --#da4 #dj;a4 ,fl[]s p9k or :ite f ! fir/ ,radi%1 ,raphanus sativus4 #dj;b4 ,fl[]s yell[ at fir/1 turn+ :ite ) age ,wild ,radi%1 ,raphanus raphani/rum4 #da;a4 ,fl[]s p9k or :ite1 appe>+ 9 spr+ 7#b-e dm4 high7 ,cuckoo ,fl[]1 ,c>dam9e prat5sis4 #da;b4 ,fl[]s yell[i% or cream-color2 a we$ bloom+ 9 summ] 7#e-aj dm4 high7 ,sisymbrium1 ,sisymbrium altissimum4 #db;a4 ,a fle%y1 mu*-bran*$ plant ( ! %ores ( ! ,great ,lakes1 ) a pod transv]sely divid$ into two jo9ts 7#b-c dm4 high2 summ]7 ,sea ,rocket1 ,cakile ed5tula4 #db;b4 ,pod n transv]sely divid$ into two jo9ts --#dc4 #dc;a4 ,pod %ort1 its l5g? n m ?an #c times its diamet] --#dd4 #dc;b4 ,pod long & sl5d]1 its l5g? m ?an #c times its diamet] --#ee4 #dd;a4 ,pods n conspicu\sly flatt5$1 ?ick & plump1 ab\t circul> 9 cross-section 7fl[]s 9 summ]7 --#de4 #dd;b4 ,pods di/9ctly flat --#df4 #de;a4 ,a plant escap$ f cultivation 9 dry or moi/ soil1 ) v l>ge basal leaves 7#e-aj dm4 high7 ,horse ,radi%1 ,radicula armoracia4 #de;b4 ,a plant ( wat] or v wet soil1 ! l>ge/ leaves seldom m ?an #ae cm4 long 7#a-e dm4 tall7 ,lake ,cress1 ,radicula aquatica4 #df;a4 ,/em-leaves clasp+ ! /em by an auricl$ base --#dg4 #df;b4 ,/em-leaves sessile or petiol$1 n clasp+1 or none --#di4 #dg;a4 ,/em & leaves glabr\s or pubesc5t2 pod v flat & circul>1 ab\t #aj mm4 wide 7#a-e dm4 tall2 e>ly summ]7 ,p5ny ,cress1 ,?laspi arv5se4 #dg;b4 ,/em & leaves glabr\s or pubesc5t2 pod n m ?an #e mm4 wide 7#a-f dm4 high2 spr+ & e>ly summ]7 --#dh4 #dh;a4 ,pods broadly ovate ,field ,cress1 ,lepidium campe/re4 #dh;b4 ,pods triangul>1 or slightly ind5t$ at ! apex ,%eph]d's ,purse1 ,capsella bursa-pa/oris4 #di;a4 ,pods ab\t circul>1 or a v little long] ?an broad --#ej4 #di;b4 ,pods ovoid or oblong1 broade/ ne> ! middle1 & di/9ctly long] ?an wide 7,:itl[ ,grass7 --#ec4 #ej;a4 ,leaves entire 7#a-c dm4 high2 fl[]s 9 summ]7 ,yell[ ,alyssum1 ,alyssum alyssoides4 #ej;b4 ,leaves s]rate 7#b-f dm4 high2 fl[]s 9 summ]7 --#ea4 #ea;a4 ,/am5s #f ,g>d5 ,cress1 ,lepidium sativum4 #ea;b4 ,/am5s #b 7,pepp] ,grass7 --#eb4 #eb;a4 ,petals pres5t ,pepp] ,grass1 ,lepidium virg9icum4 #eb;b4 ,petals none ,pepp] ,grass1 ,lepidium apetalum4 #ec;a4 ,petals deeply #b-;cleft 7ab\t #a dm4 high2 e>ly spr+7 ,:itl[ ,grass1 ,draba v]na4 #ec;b4 ,petals entire or b>ely not*$ at ! tip --#ed4 #ed;a4 ,leaves all or *iefly at or ne> ! base 7ab\t #a dm4 high2 spr+7 ,:itl[ ,grass1 ,draba c>ol9iana4 #ed;b4 ,/ems leafy up to ! fl[]s 7#a-e dm4 high2 summ]7 ,:itl[ ,grass1 ,draba arabisans4 #ee;a4 ,/em-leaves cordate or sagittate at ! base & sessile1 =m+ a m or less clasp+ leaf 7#c-aj dm4 high7 7,rock ,cress7 --#ef4 #ee;b4 ,/em-leaves sessile or some:at petiol$1 b n clasp+ --#fc4 #ef;a4 ,se$s 9 #b r[s 9 ea* cavity ( ! pod 7e>ly summ]7 --#eg4 #ef;b4 ,se$s 9 #a r[ 9 ea* cavity ( ! pod --#ei4 #eg;a4 ,calyx pubesc5t2 ! pods reflex$ ,rock ,cress1 ,arabis holboellii4 #eg;b4 ,calyx glabr\s2 ! pods spread+ or asc5d+ --#eh4 #eh;a4 ,basal leaves d5sely pubesc5t ,rock ,cress1 ,arabis bra*yc>pa4 #eh;b4 ,basal leaves smoo? or ne>ly s ,rock ,cress1 ,arabis drummondii4 #ei;a4 ,petals conspicu\s1 ab\t twice z long z ! calyx1 or long]2 /raight1 erect1 mo/ly unbran*$ plants --#fj4 #ei;b4 ,petals inconspicu\s1 equal+ or b little long] ?an ! calyx --#fa4 #fj;a4 ,pods #c-d cm4 long1 asc5d+ 7summ]7 ,rock ,cress1 ,arabis pat5s4 #fj;b4 ,pods #h-aj cm4 long1 recurv$ 7late spr+7 ,rock ,cress1 ,arabis laevigata4 #fa;a4 ,pods widely spread+2 /em usually sp>+ly bran*$ ne> ! base 7spr+7 ,rock ,cress1 ,arabis d5tata4 #fa;b4 ,pods erect or appress$2 /em usually unbran*$ 7summ]7 --#fb4 #fb;a4 ,/em-leaves & /em smoo? & glauc\s ,rock ,cress1 ,arabis glabra4 #fb;b4 ,/em-leaves & /em almo/ always pubesc5t1 & nev] glauc\s ,rock ,cress1 ,arabis hirsuta4 #fc;a4 ,pr9cipal /em-leaves #g-aj cm4 long1 or m --#fd4 #fc;b4 ,pr9cipal /em-leaves #b-e cm4 long --#fe4 #fd;a4 ,leaves lanceolate or oblong2 fl[]s #aj mm4 wide or less 7#c-g dm4 high2 summ]7 ,rock ,cress1 ,arabis canad5sis4 #fd;b4 ,leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate2 fl[]s #ae-bj mm4 wide 7#e-h dm4 high2 late spr+ & summ]7 ,dame's ,rocket1 ,hesp]is matronalis4 #fe;a4 ,basal leaves ovate to orbicul> or cordate1 n m ?an twice z long z broad 7#a-c dm4 high2 spr+7 7,bitt] ,cress7 --#ff4 #fe;b4 ,basal leaves oblong1 lanceolate1 or oblanceolate1 at lea/ #c times z long z broad 7#a-c dm4 high7 --#fg4 #ff;a4 ,fl[]s purple or rose color ,bitt] ,cress1 ,c>dam9e d\glassii4 #ff;b4 ,fl[]s :ite ,bitt] ,cress1 ,c>dam9e bulbosa4 #fg;a4 ,basal leaves p9natifid 7spr+ & summ]7 ,rock ,cress1 ,arabis lyrata4 #fg;b4 ,basal leaves entire or too!d --#fh4 #fh;a4 ,leaves n>r[ly oblanceolate2 r>e plant occurr+ f ,mack9ac nor?w>d 7summ]7 ,rock ,cress1 ,braya humilis4 #fh;b4 ,leaves obovate or oblong2 an introduc$ we$ 7spr+7 ,m\se-e> ,cress1 ,sisymbrium ?alianum4 ,,capp>idaceae1 ! ,cap] ,family ,h]bs1 ) alt]nate comp\nd leaves1 #d petals1 & #f or m /am5s1 :i* are ab\t equal 9 l5g?2 fruit a #a-;cell$ pod4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan1 /am5s ab\t #aa2 leaflets #c 7#b-d dm4 high2 fl[]s yell[i%1 9 summ]7 ,clammy-we$1 ,polanisia graveol5s4 ,,res$aceae1 ! ,mignonette ,family ,h]bs1 ) alt]nate leaves & t]m9al racemes ( small yell[i% fl[]s2 sepals #f1 petals #f1 /am5s num]\s4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan1 ) divid$ leaves & irregul>ly cleft petals1 bloom+ 9 summ] ,yell[ ,mignonette1 ,res$a lutea4 ,,s>rac5iaceae1 ! ,pit*] ,plant ,family ,insectivor\s plants1 ) holl[1 pit*]-%ap$ leaves1 & l>ge purple fl[]s at ! ends ( nak$ /ems4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan1 gr[+ 9 bogs & bloom+ 9 late spr+ ,pit*] ,plant1 ,s>rac5ia purpurea4 ,,dros]aceae1 ! ,sundew ,family ,insectivor\s h]bs1 ) a rosette ( basal leaves be>+ gl&-tipp$ bri/les on _! upp] surface1 & ) sl5d] racemes ( small :ite fl[]s 9 summ]2 inhabitants ( bogs & swamps 7#b dm4 high1 or less74 #a;a4 ,leaf-blade ab\t z long z wide ,sundew1 ,dros]a rotundifolia4 #a;b4 ,leaf-blade ab\t #b-c times z long z wide ,sundew1 ,dros]a longifolia4 #a;c4 ,leaf-blade ab\t #e-h times z long z wide ,sundew1 ,dros]a anglica4 #a;d4 ,leaf-blade n>r[ly l9e>1 ab\t #aj times z long z wide ,sundew1 ,dros]a l9e>is4 ,,podo/emaceae1 ! ,riv] ,we$ ,family ,small subm]g$ aquatics1 gr[+ atta*$ to /ones 9 runn+ wat]1 ) dissect$ leaves & m9ute fl[]s4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan ,riv] ,we$1 ,podo/emum c]atophyllum4 ,,crassulaceae1 ! ,orp9e ,family ,h]bs1 ) usually alt]nate leaves2 ! sepals1 petals1 & pi/ils ea* #d or #e1 or 9 "o species ! petals none1 & ! /am5s z _m or twice z _m z ! sepals4 #a;a4 ,leaves entire 7,/onecrop7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,leaves too!d --#c4 #b;a4 ,leaves #c-e mm4 long1 v ?ick & fle%y 7tuft$ plants ab\t #a dm4 high1 ) yell[ fl[]s 9 summ]7 ,/onecrop1 ,s$um acre4 #b;b4 ,leaves #aj-cj mm4 long1 flat 7tuft$ plants #a-b dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite1 9 spr+7 ,/onecrop1 ,s$um t]natum4 #c;a4 ,petals pres5t1 purple 7#b-e dm4 high2 summ]7 ,live-=-ev]1 ,s$um purpureum4 #c;b4 ,petals none 7#c-f dm4 high2 summ]7 ,dit* ,/onecrop1 ,p5?orum s$oides4 ,,saxifragaceae1 ! ,saxifrage ,family ,h]bs or %rubs1 ) alt]nate or opposite leaves2 petals & sepals ea* #e1 or ! petals none2 /am5s #e or #aj2 /yles or /igmas #b-d4 #a;a4 ,%rubs ) lob$ leaves 7#c-ae dm4 high2 fl[]s 9 late spr+7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,h]bs --#ab4 #b;a4 ,/ems ?orny --#c4 #b;b4 ,/ems n ?orny 7,currant7 --#h4 #c;a4 ,fl[]s & fruits 9 racemes ,swamp ,currant1 ,ribes lacu/re4 #c;b4 ,fl[]s & fruit 9 %ort clu/]s 7,gooseb]ry7 --#d4 #d;a4 ,ov>y & fruit prickly & bri/ly ,gooseb]ry1 ,ribes cynosbati4 #d;b4 ,ov>y & fruit smoo?1 or sometimes a little gl&ul> --#e4 #e;a4 ,/am5s equal+ ! ovate calyx-lobes 9 l5g?1 or a v little long] --#f4 #e;b4 ,/am5s di/9ctly long] ?an ! l9e> calyx-lobes --#g4 #f;a4 ,leaves glabr\s b5ea?1 or ne>ly s ,gooseb]ry1 ,ribes oxyacan?oides4 #f;b4 ,leaves s(tly pubesc5t b5ea? ,gooseb]ry1 ,ribes oxyacan?oides v>4 calcicola4 #g;a4 ,fl[]s1 includ+ ! /am5s1 ab\t #ae mm4 long ,gooseb]ry1 ,ribes gracile4 #g;b4 ,fl[]s1 includ+ ! /am5s1 ab\t #h mm4 long ,gooseb]ry1 ,ribes rotundifolium4 #h;a4 ,calyx prolong$ above ! ov>y into a tube :i* is long] ?an ! sepals --#i4 #h;b4 ,calyx-tube %ort] ?an ! ov>y or none --#aj4 #i;a4 ,fl[]s gre5i%-yell[1 inconspicu\s2 calyx-tube n>r[ly bell-%ape ,black ,currant1 ,ribes floridum4 #i;b4 ,fl[]s bright yell[1 conspicu\s2 calyx-tube n>r[1 ) spread+ lobes ,gold5 ,currant1 ,ribes aureum4 #aj;a4 ,ov>y & b]ry bri/ly ) gl&ul> hairs ,skunk ,currant1 ,ribes pro/ratum4 #aj;b4 ,ov>y & fruit smoo?1 or ) sessile gl&s --#aa4 #aa;a4 ,leaves dott$ b5ea? ) res9\s gl&s ,black ,currant1 ,ribes hudsonianum4 #aa;b4 ,leaves glabr\s or pubesc5t b5ea?1 )\t res9\s gl&s ,r$ ,currant1 ,ribes tri/e4 #ab;a4 ,fl[]s m9ute1 yell[i%1 )\t petals1 9 ! axils ( ! leaves 7#a-b dm4 high2 fl[]s 9 spr+7 ,gold5 ,saxifrage1 ,*rysospl5ium am]icanum4 #ab;b4 ,fl[]s l>ge1 solit>y1 t]m9at+ erect /alks 7leaves mo/ly basal2 fl[]s :ite1 9 late summ]2 fl[]-/alks #a-e dm4 high7 7,grass-(-,p>nassus7 --#ac4 #ab;c4 ,fl[]s 9 t]m9al racemes1 panicles1 or clu/]s --#ae4 #ac;a4 ,fl[]s less ?an #b cm4 wide2 leaves n>r[$ to ! base ,grass-(-,p>nassus1 ,p>nassia p>viflora4 #ac;b4 ,fl[]s #b-c4e cm4 wide2 leaves r\nd$ or cordate at ! base --#ad4 #ad;a4 ,a #c-;cleft scale at ! base ( ea* petal ,grass-(-,p>nassus1 ,p>nassia c>ol9iana4 #ad;b4 ,a _m-cleft 7#i-ae7 scale at ! base ( ea* petal ,grass-(-,p>nassus1 ,p>nassia palu/ris4 #ae;a4 ,leaves l9e> to oblanceolate1 #c times z long z broad1 or m1 & p9nately ve9$ 7,saxifrage7 --#af4 #ae;b4 ,leaves broadly ovate to ne>ly circul>1 frequ5tly cordate at ! base1 & always palmately ve9$ or lob$ --#bj4 #af;a4 ,leaves basal2 ! fl[]-/alk be>+ no leaves except small ones at ! base ( its bran*es --#ag4 #af;b4 ,fl[]-/alk leafy bel[ 7#a-c dm4 high2 fl[]s yell[1 summ]7 --#ah4 #ag;a4 ,petals :ite2 sepals erect2 leaves conspicu\sly too!d1 #c-aj cm4 long 7#a-c dm4 high2 spr+7 ,saxifrage1 ,saxifraga virg9i5sis4 #ag;b4 ,petals gre5i%2 sepals reflex$2 leaves m9utely too!d or entire1 #aj-cj cm4 long 7#e-aj dm4 high2 spr+7 ,saxifrage1 ,saxifraga p5nsylvanica4 #ah;a4 ,leaves ) #c %>p tee? at ! apex ,saxifrage1 ,saxifraga tricuspidata4 #ah;b4 ,leaves ) num]\s tee? or entire --#ai4 #ai;a4 ,leaves l9e>1 *iefly on ! /em ,saxifrage1 ,saxifraga aizoides4 #ai;b4 ,leaves spatulate1 *iefly 9 a basal rosette ,saxifrage1 ,saxifraga aizoon4 #bj;a4 ,/am5s #e 7leaves mo/ly basal2 fl[]s gre5i% or purpli% 9 late spr+1 on /alks #e-aj dm4 high7 7,alum ,root7 --#ba4 #bj;b4 ,/am5s #aj 7fl[]s :ite1 9 spr+7 --#bc4 #ba;a4 ,fl[]s regul> ,alum ,root1 ,heu*]a am]icana4 #ba;b4 ,fl[]s irregul>1 ! calyx oblique1 long] on ! upp] side ?an on ! l[] --#bb4 #bb;a4 ,/am5s project+ beyond ! calyx ,alum ,root1 ,heu*]a hirsuticaulis4 #bb;b4 ,/am5s n project+ beyond ! calyx ,alum ,root1 ,heu*]a hispida4 #bc;a4 ,/em-leaves alt]nate or none --#bd4 #bc;b4 ,/em ) a pair ( opposite leaves 7#b-d dm4 high7 ,bi%op's ,cap1 ,mitella diphylla4 #bd;a4 ,petals deeply fr+$ 7#a-b dm4 high7 ,bi%op's ,cap1 ,mitella nuda4 #bd;b4 ,petals entire 7#a-c dm4 high7 ,false ,mitrewort1 ,ti>ella cordifolia4 ,,hamamelidaceae1 ! ,wit* ,hazel ,family ,%rubs1 ) alt]nate simple leaves2 sepals1 petals1 & /am5s ea* #d2 ov>y #b-lob$4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan2 tall %rub ) obovate leaves & yell[ fl[]s appe>+ late 9 autumn ,wit* ,hazel1 ,hamamelis virg9iana4 ,,platanaceae1 ! ,plane ,tree ,family ,trees1 ) broad1 palmately ve9$ & lob$ leaves1 & m9ute fl[]s 9 d5se sph]ical heads4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan ,sycamore1 ,platanus occid5talis4 ,,rosaceae1 ! ,rose ,family ,trees1 h]bs1 or %rubs1 ) alt]nate1 frequ5tly comp\nd leaves2 petals & sepals usually #e1 /am5s num]\s1 pi/ils #a to _m2 receptacle exp&$ into a sauc]-%ape or cup-%ape organ1 be>+ ! sepals1 petals1 & /am5s at its m>g91 ! pi/ils at its c5t]1 & resembl+ a calyx-tube or flatt5$ calyx4 #a;a4 ,%rubs or trees --#b4 #a;b4 ,h]bace\s plants --#dh4 #b;a4 ,leaves comp\nd --#c4 #b;b4 ,leaves simple --#bd4 #c;a4 ,fl[]s 9 l>ge panicles or corymbs1 ea* fl[] #e-aj mm4 across2 leaflets #g or m --#d4 #c;b4 ,fl[]s solit>y or 9 small clu/]s1 ea* fl[] usually #bj-hj mm4 wide2 leaflets frequ5tly only #c or #e --#g4 #d;a4 ,fl[]s 9 a pyramidal or oblong panicle1 ! ov>ies sup]ior 7#a-b m4 high2 fl[]s :ite1 9 summ]7 --#gj;b4 #d;b4 ,fl[]s 9 r\nd$ or hemisph]ic clu/]s1 ! ov>y inf]ior --#e4 #e;a4 ,leaves pubesc5t on ! l[] surface ,r[an ,tree1 ,pyrus aucup>ia4 #e;b4 ,leaves glabr\s b5ea? :5 mature 7small trees2 fl[]s :ite1 9 e>ly summ] or late spr+7 7,m\nta9 ,a%7 --#f4 #f;a4 ,leaves acum9ate at ! apex ,m\nta9 ,a%1 ,pyrus am]icana4 #f;b4 ,leaves obtuse or acute at ! apex ,m\nta9 ,a%1 ,pyrus sit*5sis4 #g;a4 ,fl[]s yell[ 7#e-aj dm4 high2 summ]7 ,c9quefoil1 ,pot5tilla fruticosa4 #g;b4 ,fl[]s p9k or r$1 r>ely :ite1 #d-aj cm4 across 7%rubs1 #e-ae dm4 high1 or climb+2 /ems usually ?orny2 fl[]s 9 e>ly summ]7 7,rose7 --#h4 #g;c4 ,fl[]s :ite1 #a-c cm4 across 7#d-bj dm4 high2 fl[]s 9 late spr+7 --#af4 #h;a4 ,leaflets on mo/ ( ! leaves #c2 /yles coh]+ 9 a column :i* protrudes f among ! /am5s ,climb+ ,rose1 ,rosa setig]a4 #h;b4 ,leaflets #e-aa2 /yles n coh]+ 9 a protrud+ column --#i4 #i;a4 ,sepals p]si/5t on ! fruit aft] fl[]+ --#aj4 #i;b4 ,sepals soon decidu\s f ! "y fruit aft] fl[]+ --#ad4 #aj;a4 ,a pair ( sp9es bel[ ea* leaf l>g] ?an ! o!r sp9es --#aa4 #aj;b4 ,sp9es all alike 9 size or ne>ly s1 or abs5t completely --#ab4 #aa;a4 ,sepals entire ,wild ,rose1 ,rosa woodsii4 #aa;b4 ,sepals p9natifid ,dog ,rose1 ,rosa can9a4 #ab;a4 ,/ems ) few ?orns or none at all ,wild ,rose1 ,rosa bl&a4 #ab;b4 ,/ems prickly --#ac4 #ac;a4 ,fruit some:at pe>-%ape1 n>r[$ t[>d ! base4 ,wild ,rose1 ,rosa acicul>is4 #ac;b4 ,fruit globose1 r\nd$ at ! base ,wild ,rose1 ,rosa acicul>is v>4 b\rgeauiana4 #ad;a4 ,! pair ( sp9es at ! base ( ea* leaf /raight or ne>ly s ,wild ,rose1 ,rosa humilis4 #ad;b4 ,! pair ( sp9es at ! base ( ea* leaf di/9ctly recurv$ or hook$ --#ae4 #ae;a4 ,leaves d5sely gl&ul>-pubesc5t b5ea? ,sweetbri]1 ,rosa rubig9osa4 #ae;b4 ,leaves glabr\s or m9utely pubesc5t ,swamp ,rose1 ,rosa c>ol9a4 #af;a4 ,/ems trail+ or creep+ --#ag4 #af;b4 ,/ems erect1 asc5d+1 or ar*$ --#ai4 #ag;a4 ,/ems di/9ctly %rubby & ?orny 7,dewb]ry7 --#ah4 #ag;b4 ,/ems almo/ h]bace\s1 )\t ?orns ,dw>f ,raspb]ry1 ,rubus triflorus4 #ah;a4 ,leaves ?91 dull above2 fruit black1 l>ge & juicy ,dewb]ry1 ,rubus villosus4 #ah;b4 ,leaves firm or ?ick1 %9+ above2 fruit r$di%1 small1 consi/+ ( a few s\r drupelets ,swamp ,dewb]ry1 ,rubus hispidus4 #ai;a4 ,ripe fruit dropp+ away f ! :ite receptacle or core2 t]m9al leaflet ( ea* leaf ) a long /alk1 :ile ! lat]al leaflets are sessile or ne>ly s 7,raspb]ry7 --#bj4 #ai;b4 ,ripe fruit & receptacle or core dropp+ toge!r2 all ! leaflets on /alks :i* are approximately equal 9 l5g? 7,blackb]ry7 --#bb4 #bj;a4 ,/em v glauc\s ) a :iti% or blui% waxy deposit2 fruit black ,black ,raspb]ry1 ,rubus occid5talis4 #bj;b4 ,/em n glauc\s2 fruit r$ --#ba4 #ba;a4 ,calyx velvety-pubesc5t ,r$ ,raspb]ry1 ,rubus idaeus4 #ba;b4 ,calyx bri/ly-hispid ,r$ ,raspb]ry1 ,rubus idaeus v>4 aculeatissimus4 #bb;a4 ,p$icels ) gl&-tipp$ hairs1 b no prickles ,blackb]ry1 ,rubus allegh5i5sis4 #bb;b4 ,p$icels ) prickles ,blackb]ry1 ,rubus nigricans4 #bb;c4 ,p$icels ) nei!r prickles nor gl&-tipp$ hairs --#bc4 #bc;a4 ,leaves d[ny b5ea? ,blackb]ry1 ,rubus frondosus4 #bc;b4 ,leaves smoo? b5ea? ,blackb]ry1 ,rubus canad5sis4 #bd;a4 ,ov>ies #a or m1 sup]ior 7atta*$ to ! surface ( ! receptacle1 b n conceal$ )9 x or unit$ to x7 --#be4 #bd;b4 ,ov>y #a1 inf]ior 7p]man5tly enclos$ )9 ! receptacle1 ) only ! /yles protrud+7 --#ch4 #be;a4 ,ov>ies m ?an #a --#bf4 #be;b4 ,ov>y #a --#cj4 #bf;a4 ,leaves s]rate --#bg4 #bf;b4 ,leaves lob$ --#bh4 #bg;a4 ,leaves glabr\s or v ne>ly s 7#h-bj dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite or p9ki%1 summ]7 ,mead[-sweet1 ,spiraea salicifolia4 #bg;b4 ,leaves closely pubesc5t b5ea? 7#e-ae dm4 high2 fl[]s p9k1 summ]7 ,h>dhack1 ,spiraea tom5tosa4 #bh;a4 ,fl[]s %[y1 purple or :ite1 #c-d cm4 broad --#bi4 #bh;b4 ,fl[]s :ite1 ab\t #a cm4 wide 7#a-c m4 high2 fl[]s 9 e>ly summ]7 ,n9eb>k1 ,physoc>pus opulifolius4 #bi;a4 ,fl[]s purple ,fl[]+ ,raspb]ry1 ,rubus odoratus4 #bi;b4 ,fl[]s :ite ,salmonb]ry1 ,rubus p>viflorus4 #cj;a4 ,fl[]s 9 racemes 7trees or tall %rubs2 fl[]s :ite1 9 late spr+7 --#ca4 #cj;b4 ,fl[]s 9 small umbels or corymbs 7fl[]s :ite1 9 spr+7 --#cb4 #ca;a4 ,leaves oblong1 ! po9ts ( _! tee? incurv$ ,black ,*]ry1 ,prunus s]ot9a4 #ca;b4 ,leaves obovate1 ! po9ts ( _! tee? spread+ ,*oke ,*]ry1 ,prunus virg9iana4 #cb;a4 ,fl[]s ab\t #a cm4 wide --#cc4 #cb;b4 ,fl[]s ab\t #a4e-b4e cm4 wide --#cf4 #cc;a4 ,l[ %rubs1 ) ! spatulate or oblong leaves wide/ above ! middle --#cd4 #cc;b4 ,erect tall %rubs or small trees1 ) ! leaves wide/ bel[ ! middle --#ce4 #cd;a4 ,an erect %rub 7#e-aj dm4 high7 ,appala*ian ,*]ry1 ,prunus cuneata4 #cd;b4 ,a pro/rate or asc5d+ %rub 7#c-ae dm4 high7 ,s& ,*]ry1 ,prunus pumila4 #ce;a4 ,leaves v broadly ovate1 almo/ z wide z long 7small tree7 ,p]fum$ ,*]ry1 ,prunus mahaleb4 #ce;b4 ,leaves oblong-lanceolate1 ab\t #c times z long z broad 7%rub or small tree1 #b-aj m4 high7 ,p9 ,*]ry1 ,prunus p5nsylvanica4 #cf;a4 ,sepals gl&ul>-s]rate 7tall %rub or small tree7 ,wild ,plum1 ,prunus nigra4 #cf;b4 ,sepals entire --#cg4 #cg;a4 ,leaves ) %>p tee?1 frequ5tly bri/le-tipp$2 a native species 7tall %rub or small tree1 frequ5tly gr[+ 9 ?ickets7 ,wild ,plum1 ,prunus am]icana4 #cg;b4 ,leaves ) obtuse tee?2 a species escap$ f cultivation 7widely bran*$ tree7 ,*]ry1 ,prunus c]asus4 #ch;a4 ,trees1 9 cultivation or escap$ f cultivation ne> roads or dwell+s1 ) %[y fl[]s #b4e-e cm4 across1 edible fruits1 & no ?orns 7spr+7 --#ci4 #ch;b4 ,native species1 trees or %rubs1 gr[+ 9 woods1 fields1 or ?ickets2 frequ5tly ) ?orns 7spr+7 --#dj4 #ci;a4 ,leaves f9ely s]rulate or entire ,pe>1 ,pyrus communis4 #ci;b4 ,leaves co>sely s]rate or some:at lob$ ,apple1 ,pyrus malus4 #dj;a4 ,%rubs or small trees1 )\t ?orns --#db4 #dj;b4 ,bu%y trees or %rubs1 ) ?orns or /iff ?orn-l bran*es1 & ) fl[]s g5]ally #a4e-b4e cm4 across --#da4 #da;a4 ,fl[]s p9k1 v fragrant ,wild ,crab1 ,pyrus coron>ia4 #da;b4 ,fl[]s :ite 7,haw?orn1 ! g5us ,crataegus74 ,sev]al species ( ?is g5us occur 9 ! /ate1 = ! id5tification ( :i* ! ,manual mu/ be us$4 #db;a4 ,mid-ve9 gl&ul> above 7%rubs #a-c m4 tall2 fl[]s :ite or p9k7 7,*okeb]ry7 --#dc4 #db;b4 ,mid-ve9 n gl&ul> 7%rubs or trees1 #a-aj m4 tall2 fl[]s :ite7 7,juneb]ry7 --#dd4 #dc;a4 ,leaves glabr\s b5ea? ,*okeb]ry1 ,pyrus melanoc>pa4 #dc;b4 ,leaves tom5tose b5ea? ,*okeb]ry1 ,pyrus arbutifolia v>4 atropurpurea4 #dd;a4 ,petals #ae-be mm4 long --#de4 #dd;b4 ,petals #e-ab mm4 long --#df4 #de;a4 ,mature leaves glabr\s ,juneb]ry1 ,amelan*i] canad5sis4 #de;b4 ,mature leaves pubesc5t b5ea? ,juneb]ry1 ,amelan*i] canad5sis v>4 botryapium4 #df;a4 ,fl[]s 9 racemes --#dg4 #df;b4 ,fl[]s solit>y1 or 9 small clu/]s ( #b-d ,juneb]ry1 ,amelan*i] oligoc>pa4 #dg;a4 ,leaves co>sely d5tate1 ) ab\t #a too? = ea* lat]al ve9 ,juneb]ry1 ,amelan*i] spicata4 #dg;b4 ,leaves f9ely s]rate1 ) ab\t #b-c tee? = ea* lat]al ve9 ,juneb]ry1 ,amelan*i] oblongifolia4 #dh;a4 ,fl[]s yell[ --#di4 #dh;b4 ,fl[]s :ite1 p9k1 purple1 or rose1 nev] yell[ --#fc4 #di;a4 ,plant ) basal trifoliate leaves1 resembl+ /rawb]ry 7#a-c dm4 high2 late spr+7 ,b>r5 ,/rawb]ry1 ,wald/e9ia frag>ioides4 #di;b4 ,plants ) leafy /ems --#ej4 #ej;a4 ,fl[]s solit>y 9 ! axils ( foliage leaves1 on long p$uncles 7trail+ or creep+ plants2 fl[]s 9 late spr+ & summ]7 --#ea4 #ej;b4 ,fl[]s 9 n>r[ t]m9al spike-l racemes 7#c-h dm4 high2 summ]7 7,agrimony7 --#eb4 #ej;c4 ,fl[]s 9 irregul> or spread+ clu/]s --#ee4 #ea;a4 ,leaflets #e ,five-f+]1 ,pot5tilla canad5sis4 #ea;b4 ,leaflets #g-be ,silv] ,we$1 ,pot5tilla ans]9a4 #eb;a4 ,pr9cipal leaflets m ?an #c times 7ab\t #c-a_/b7 z long z wide ,agrimony1 ,agrimonia p>viflora4 #eb;b4 ,pr9cipal leaflets less ?an #c times 7ab\t #b-a_/b7 z long z wide --#ec4 #ec;a4 ,leaves ne>ly glabr\s b5ea?1 or ) scatt]$ spread+ hairs ,agrimony1 ,agrimonia gryposepala4 #ec;b4 ,leaves s(tly pubesc5t b5ea? --#ed4 #ed;a4 ,leaves di/9ctly gl&ul> b5ea? ,agrimony1 ,agrimonia /riata4 #ed;b4 ,leaves n gl&ul> b5ea? ,agrimony1 ,agrimonia mollis4 #ee;a4 ,pr9cipal leaves palmately comp\nd ) #e-g leaflets 7,c9quefoil7 --#ef4 #ee;b4 ,pr9cipal /em-leaves ) #c leaflets1 or p9nately comp\nd ) sev]al leaflets --#eh4 #ef;a4 ,leaves silv]y-:ite b5ea?1 lac9iately too!d 7#a-d dm4 high2 late spr+ & summ]7 ,silv]y ,c9quefoil1 ,pot5tilla arg5tea4 #ef;b4 ,leaves n silv]y-:ite b5ea? 7#c-aj dm4 high2 summ]7 --#eg4 #eg;a4 ,t]m9al leaflet m ?an #c times z long z wide ,c9quefoil1 ,pot5tilla recta4 #eg;b4 ,t]m9al leaflet less ?an #c times z long z wide ,c9quefoil1 ,pot5tilla int]m$ia #eh;a4 ,fl[]s ab\t #d mm4 wide 7#b-f dm4 high2 spr+7 ,spr+ ,av5s1 ,geum v]num4 #eh;b4 ,fl[]s #f mm4 wide1 or wid] --#ei4 #ei;a4 ,pr9cipal leaves ) lob$ leaflets1 ( :i* ! t]m9al is ! l>ge/2 leaf-axis be>+ also "s small leaflets betwe5 ^? ( usual size 7#d-ab dm4 high2 late spr+ & summ]7 7,av5s7 --#fj4 #ei;b4 ,pr9cipal leaves ) too!d or p9nately cleft leaflets1 ! lat]al ones ab\t equal+ ! t]m9al "o 9 size1 & )\t any small scatt]$ leaflets 7#c-h dm4 tall2 summ]7 7,c9quefoil7 --#fa4 #fj;a4 ,t]m9al leaflet cordate at base ,av5s1 ,geum macrophyllum4 #fj;b4 ,t]m9al leaflet w$ge-%ape or acute at base ,av5s1 ,geum /rictum4 #fa;a4 ,leaflets #c ,c9quefoil1 ,pot5tilla monspeli5sis4 #fa;b4 ,leaflets #e-ae --#fb4 #fb;a4 ,leaflets cr5ate ,c9quefoil1 ,pot5tilla p>adoxa4 #fb;b4 ,leaflets deeply incis$ ,c9quefoil1 ,pot5tilla p5nsylvanica4 #fc;a4 ,leaves all basal1 ! fl[]s on leafless /alks --#fd4 #fc;b4 ,/em-leaves pres5t --#ff4 #fd;a4 ,leaves simple 7#a-b dm4 high2 summ]7 ,dalib>da1 ,dalib>da rep5s4 #fd;b4 ,leaves trifoliate 7#a-b dm4 high2 spr+7 7,/rawb]ry7 --#fe4 #fe;a4 ,leaflets ?ick & firm1 ! petioles & p$icels pubesc5t ) spread+ or asc5d+ hairs2 fruit subglobose1 ! a*5es emb$d$ 9 pits on its surface ,/rawb]ry1 ,frag>ia virg9iana4 #fe;b4 ,leaflets ?91 ! petioles & p$icels ne>ly glabr\s or ) appress$ hairs2 fruit conic1 ! a*5es on its surface ,wood ,/rawb]ry1 ,frag>ia am]icana4 #ff;a4 ,leaves p9nate ) num]\s leaflets --#fg4 #ff;b4 ,/em-leaves ) #c-e leaflets --#gb4 #fg;a4 ,leaflets lac9iate or deeply lob$ 7fl[]s p9k or purple1 e>ly summ]7 --#fh4 #fg;b4 ,leaflets m]ely too!d --#fi4 #fh;a4 ,/em-leaves few1 small & opposite 7#b-d dm4 tall7 ,purple ,av5s1 ,geum triflorum4 #fh;b4 ,/em-leaves l>ge & alt]nate 7#e-bj dm4 tall7 ,que5 ( ! ,prairie1 ,filip5dula rubra4 #fi;a4 ,individual fl[]s small1 n exce$+ #f mm4 across1 9 l>ge clu/]s or spikes --#gj4 #fi;b4 ,individual fl[]s m ?an #aj mm4 wide1 9 few-fl[]$ clu/]s 7,c9quefoil7 --#ga4 #gj;a4 ,fl[]s 9 d5se spikes 7#e-ae dm4 high2 late summ]7 ,burnet1 ,sanguisorba canad5sis4 #gj;b4 ,fl[]s 9 panicles ,sorb>ia1 ,sorb>ia sorbifolia4 #ga;a4 ,fl[]s r$ or purple 7#c-f dm4 high2 summ]7 ,m>% ,c9quefoil1 ,pot5tilla palu/ris4 #ga;b4 ,fl[]s :ite 7#e-aj dm4 high2 e>ly summ]7 ,c9quefoil1 ,pot5tilla arguta4 #gb;a4 ,pi/ils #e 7#e-aj dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite or p9k1 e>ly summ]7 --#gc4 #gb;b4 ,pi/ils #aj1 9 a r+ 7fl[]s p9k or purple7 --#fh;b4 #gb;c4 ,pi/ils num]\s1 9 a head or close gr\p --#gd4 #gc;a4 ,/ipules l9e> or subulate1 #e-h mm4 long ,b[man's ,root1 ,gill5ia trifoliata4 #gc;b4 ,/ipules leaf-l1 #aj-be mm4 long1 s]rate ,am]ican ,ipecac1 ,gill5ia /ipulata4 #gd;a4 ,fl[]s r$ or purple --#ge4 #gd;b4 ,fl[]s :ite --#gf4 #ge;a4 ,leaflets %>ply & irregul>ly too!d or lob$2 petals erect1 n>r[$ at ! base 7#c-i dm4 high2 e>ly summ]7 ,purple ,av5s1 ,geum rivale4 #ge;b4 ,leaflets f9ely & regul>ly too!d1 oblong2 petals spread+ --#ga;a4 #gf;a4 ,leaflets entire bel[1 #c-too!d at ! apex 7#a-c dm4 high2 summ]7 ,c9quefoil1 ,pot5tilla trid5tata4 #gf;b4 ,leaflets too!d all ar\nd ! m>g9 --#gg4 #gg;a4 ,leaves all trifoliate 7#b-e dm4 high2 late spr+7 --#ag;b4 #gg;b4 ,"s ( ! upp] leaves m]ely lob$ or d5tate 7#e-h dm4 high7 7,av5s7 --#gh4 #gh;a4 ,/em bri/ly-hairy 7e>ly summ]7 ,av5s1 ,geum virg9ianum4 #gh;b4 ,/em s(tly & f9ely pubesc5t 7summ]7 ,av5s1 ,geum canad5se4 ,,legum9osae1 ! ,pulse ,family ,trees1 %rubs1 or h]bs1 ) alt]nate comp\nd 7except #c species ) simple7 leaves & /ipules2 fl[]s usually irregul> 7except 9 a few species71 ) a l>ge upp] petal & #d small] ones1 ! #b l[] enclos+ ! /am5s & pi/il2 /am5s almo/ always #aj1 & g5]ally unit$ by _! filam5ts2 pi/il #a1 simple1 rip5+ into a pod4 #a;a4 ,%rubs or trees --#b4 #a;b4 ,h]bs1 tw9+1 b )\t t5drils --#i4 #a;c4 ,h]bs2 ! leaves1 or "s ( !m1 tipp$ ) t5drils --#ab4 #a;d4 ,h]bs1 n climb+ or tw9+2 t5drils none --#ba4 #b;a4 ,leaves simple --#c4 #b;b4 ,leaves comp\nd --#d4 #c;a4 ,leaves broadly cordate 7tall %rub or small tree2 fl[]s p9k1 e>ly spr+7 ,r$bud1 ,c]cis canad5sis4 #c;b4 ,leaves lanceolate or elliptical 7#c-f dm4 high2 fl[]s yell[1 summ]7 ,dy]'s ,gre5we$1 ,g5i/a t9ctoria4 #d;a4 ,twigs or bran*es ?orny --#e4 #d;b4 ,?orns none --#g4 #e;a4 ,?orns bran*$1 scatt]$ on ! /em 7tall tree2 fl[]s gre5i%1 e>ly summ]7 ,honey ,locu/1 ,gl$itsia triacan?os4 #e;b4 ,?orns unbran*$1 a pair ( !m at ! base ( ea* leaf 7late spr+7 --#f4 #f;a4 ,bran*es glabr\s or ne>ly s 7tree2 fl[]s :ite7 ,black ,locu/1 ,rob9ia pseudo-acacia4 #f;b4 ,bran*es gl&ul>-pubesc5t 7tall %rub2 fl[]s p9ki%7 ,clammy ,locu/1 ,rob9ia viscosa4 #f;c4 ,bran*es bri/ly 7%rub4 #a-c m4 high2 fl[]s p9k7 ,bri/ly ,locu/1 ,rob9ia hispida4 #g;a4 ,trees2 leaves #b-c-p9nate 7fl[]s gre5i%-:ite1 spr+7 ,k5tucky ,c(fee-tree1 ,gymnocladus dioica4 #g;b4 ,l[ %rubs2 leaves once-p9nate 7#c-f dm4 high2 summ]7 --#h4 #h;a4 ,fl[]s bright-blue1 ea* ) a s+le petal ,lead ,plant1 ,amorpha canesc5s4 #h;b4 ,fl[]s yell[i% & p9k-purple1 petals #e --#bf;a4 #i;a4 ,leaflets #e-g2 fl[]s 9 racemes 7purpli%1 late summ]7 ,wild ,bean1 ,apios tub]osa4 #i;b4 ,leaflets #c 7fl[]s gre5i%1 purple1 or :ite1 late summ]7 --#aj4 #aj;a4 ,fl[]s 9 small capitate clu/]s2 l[] #b petals /rongly incurv$ ,wild ,bean1 ,/ropho/yles helvola4 #aj;b4 ,fl[]s 9 racemes 7,hog ,peanut7 --#aa4 #aa;a4 ,/em pubesc5t or glabrate2 leaflets seldom m ?an #e cm4 long ,hog ,peanut1 ,amphic>pa monoica4 #aa;b4 ,/em vill\s ) retrorse hairs2 leaflets usually long] ?an #e cm4 ,hog ,peanut1 ,amphic>pa pit*]i4 #ab;a4 ,/yle ) a tuft ( hairs at ! apex2 lat]al petals ( ! corolla adh]5t to ! l[] ones z f> z ! middle2 /ipules less ?an #aj mm4 long1 & usually less ?an "o-f\r? ! l5g? ( ! l[] leaflets 7spr+ & summ]7 7,vet*7 --#ac4 #ab;b4 ,/yle hairy along ! inn] side2 lat]al petals ( ! corolla free f ! l[] ones or adh]5t only at ! v base2 /ipules m ?an #h mm4 long & usually "o-?ird or m ! l5g? ( ! l[] leaflets 7late spr+ & summ]7 --#ag4 #ac;a4 ,fl[]s axill>y1 sessile or ne>ly s 7fl[]s purple7 --#ad4 #ac;b4 ,fl[]s 9 p$uncl$ racemes --#ae4 #ad;a4 ,upp] leaves oblong-obovate1 truncate or not*$1 & mucronate at ! apex ,spr+ ,vet*1 ,vicia sativa4 #ad;b4 ,upp] leaves lance-l9e>1 %>ply acute ,common ,vet*1 ,vicia angu/ifolia4 #ae;a4 ,fl[]s #ae-bj mm4 long1 #d-h 9 a clu/] 7fl[]s purple7 ,vet*1 ,vicia am]icana4 #ae;b4 ,fl[]s #h-ab mm4 long --#af4 #af;a4 ,racemes "o-sid$2 fl[]s blue ,vet*1 ,vicia cracca4 #af;b4 ,racemes loosely fl[]$1 n "o-sid$2 fl[]s :iti%1 ! l[] petals tipp$ ) blue ,vet*1 ,vicia c>ol9iana4 #ag;a4 ,fl[]s yell[i%-:ite ,vet*l+1 ,la?yrus o*roleucus4 #ag;b4 ,fl[]s purple --#ah4 #ah;a4 ,/ipules ne>ly regul>ly halb]d-%ape1 almo/ z l>ge z ! leaflets ,bea* ,pea1 ,la?yrus m>itimus4 #ah;b4 ,/ipules half-sagittate1 app>5tly atta*$ lat]ally ne> ! middle --#ai4 #ai;a4 ,leaflets #d-h pairs1 ovate2 racemes ) #aj or m fl[]s ,wild ,pea1 ,la?yrus v5osus4 #ai;b4 ,leaflets #b-d pairs1 l9e> to oblong or elliptical2 racemes ) #b-i fl[]s 7,m>% ,pea7 --#bj4 #bj;a4 ,/ems ) a membran\s w+ on ! m>g9s ,m>% ,pea1 ,la?yrus palu/ris4 #bj;b4 ,/ems angl$1 b n w+$ ,m>% ,pea1 ,la?yrus palu/ris v>4 myrtifolius4 #ba;a4 ,leaves simple 7#b-c dm4 high2 fl[]s yell[1 summ]7 ,rattlebox1 ,crotal>ia sagittalis4 #ba;b4 ,leaves palmately comp\nd2 leaflets #g-aa 7#c-f dm4 high2 fl[]s blue1 late spr+7 ,lup9e1 ,lup9us p]5nis4 #ba;c4 ,leaves p9nately comp\nd2 leaflets #e to _m --#bb4 #ba;d4 ,leaves comp\nd2 leaflets #c --#bh4 #bb;a4 ,leaflets #e2 fl[]s rose-purple 9 a spike-l head 7#e-h dm4 high1 late summ]7 ,prairie ,clov]1 ,petalo/emum purpureum4 #bb;b4 ,leaflets m ?an #e --#bc4 #bc;a4 ,fl[]s bright-blue1 9 a d5se spike 7#c-f dm4 high2 summ]7 --#h;a4 #bc;b4 ,fl[]s bright-yell[2 /am5s n unit$ 7summ]7 --#bd4 #bc;c4 ,fl[]s :ite1 cream-color1 or yell[i%1 or m>k$ ) purple --#bf4 #bd;a4 ,leaflets l9e>-oblong1 #b cm4 long or less2 /am5s #e or #aj 7#c-f dm4 high7 7,p>tridge ,pea7 --#be4 #bd;b4 ,leaflets lanceolate-oblong1 #b-e cm4 long2 #g /am5s ) normal an!rs & #c ) imp]fect an!rs 7#h-ae dm4 high7 ,wild ,s5na1 ,cassia m>il&ica4 #be;a4 ,an!rs #aj2 fl[]s #b-d cm4 wide ,p>tridge ,pea1 ,cassia *amaecri/a4 #be;b4 ,an!rs #e2 fl[]s #e-aj mm4 wide ,p>tridge ,pea1 ,cassia nictitans4 #bf;a4 ,silky-hairy ) :iti% hairs2 fl[]s m>k$ ) purple 7#c-e dm4 high2 summ]7 ,goat's ,rue1 ,tephrosia virg9iana4 #bf;b4 ,glabr\s or ne>ly s 7summ]7 7,milk ,vet*7 --#bg4 #bg;a4 ,fl[]s gre5i% cream-color 7#d-aj dm4 high7 ,milk ,vet*1 ,a/ragalus canad5sis4 #bg;b4 ,fl[]s :ite 7#c-e dm4 high7 ,milk ,vet*1 ,a/ragalus neglectus4 #bh;a4 ,fl[]s 9 heads1 umbels1 or %ort d5se spikes --#bi4 #bh;b4 ,fl[]s 9 loose racemes or panicles --#db4 #bi;a4 ,fl[]s bright-yell[2 decumb5t or asc5d+ plants 7spr+ & summ]7 --#cj4 #bi;b4 ,fl[]s :ite1 cream1 purple1 or r$2 nev] yell[ --#cd4 #cj;a4 ,:ole fl[] only ab\t #b mm4 long2 pod coil$ --#ca4 #cj;b4 ,fl[]s l>g]1 ea* "o #c-f mm4 long2 pod /raight 7#a-d dm4 high7 7,hop ,clov]7 --#cb4 #ca;a4 ,fl[]s num]\s 9 ea* head ,black ,m$ick1 ,m$icago lupul9a4 #ca;b4 ,fl[]s 9 clu/]s ( #b --#bj ,bur ,clov]1 ,m$icago hispida4 #cb;a4 ,/ipules l9e> ,hop ,clov]1 ,trifolium agr>ium4 #cb;b4 ,/ipules ovate --#cc4 #cc;a4 ,heads d5sely fl[]$2 fl[]s #bj or m2 upp] petal /riate :5 dry ,hop ,clov]1 ,trifolium procumb5s4 #cc;b4 ,heads loosely fl[]$2 fl[]s usually #aj or few]2 upp] petal sc>cely /riate or n at all ,hop ,clov]1 ,trifolium dubium4 #cd;a4 ,leaves palmately comp\nd1 ! #c leaflets all f ! same po9t 7late spr+ & summ]7 7,clov]7 --#ce4 #cd;b4 ,leaves p9nately comp\nd1 ! t]m9al leaflet on a di/9ct /alk --#ci4 #ce;a4 ,individual fl[]s sessile1 or on v %ort p$icels --#cf4 #ce;b4 ,individual fl[]s di/9ctly p$icell$ --#cg4 #cf;a4 ,heads oblong1 on di/9ct p$uncles2 calyx long] ?an ! corolla 7fl[]s ne>ly :ite2 #a-d dm4 tall7 ,/one ,clov]1 ,trifolium arv5se4 #cf;b4 ,heads ne>ly globose1 almo/ sessile1 closely subt5d$ by ! leaves2 corolla long] ?an ! calyx 7#b-h dm4 high2 fl[]s r$-purple7 ,r$ ,clov]1 ,trifolium prat5se4 #cg;a4 ,/ems pro/rate or creep+2 heads long-p$uncl$1 aris+ f ! creep+ bran*es 7fl[]-/alks #a-b dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite7 ,:ite ,clov]1 ,trifolium rep5s4 #cg;b4 ,"s or all ( ! /ems erect2 heads aris+ f ! leafy /ems 7fl[]s :ite or p9k7 --#ch4 #ch;a4 ,plants ) long basal runn]s2 fl[]s #aj-ac mm4 long 7#b-c dm4 high7 ,buffalo ,clov]1 ,trifolium /olonif]um4 #ch;b4 ,basal runn]s none2 fl[]s #f-h mm4 long 7#c-h dm4 high7 ,alsike ,clov]1 ,trifolium hybridum4 #ci;a4 ,pro/rate2 leaflets broadly ovate2 fl[]s #c-aj 9 a clu/] --#aj;a4 #ci;b4 ,erect2 leaflets broade/ ne> ! middle2 fl[]s num]\s 7#e-ab dm4 high2 fl[]s yell[i%-:ite1 late summ]7 7,bu% ,clov]7 --#dj4 #dj;a4 ,leaflets less ?an twice z long z broad ,bu% ,clov]1 ,lesp$eza hirta4 #dj;b4 ,leaflets m ?an twice z long z broad --#da4 #da;a4 ,leaflets l9e>1 #e mm4 wide or less2 heads ) obvi\s p$uncles ,bu% ,clov]1 ,lesp$eza angu/ifolia4 #da;b4 ,leaflets n>r[ly elliptical1 ! pr9cipal ones m ?an #e mm4 wide2 heads sessile or ne>ly s ,bu% ,clov]1 ,lesp$eza capitata4 #db;a4 ,leaflets f9ely too!d --#dc4 #db;b4 ,leaflets entire --#dd4 #dc;a4 ,fl[]s violet or blue 7#c-f dm4 high2 summ]7 ,alfalfa1 ,m$icago sativa4 #dc;b4 ,fl[]s yell[ 7#a-b m4 high2 summ]7 ,yell[ ,sweet ,clov]1 ,melilotus (fic9alis4 #dc;c4 ,fl[]s :ite 7#a-c m4 high2 summ]7 ,:ite ,sweet ,clov]1 ,melilotus alba4 #dd;a4 ,fl[]s yell[ 7#e-aj dm4 high2 summ]7 ,wild ,indigo1 ,baptisia t9ctoria4 #dd;b4 ,fl[]s :ite1 ! leaflets all f ! same po9t 7#e-aj dm4 high2 summ]7 ,wild ,indigo1 ,baptisia leucan?a4 #dd;c4 ,fl[]s blue1 purple1 or p9k 7r>ely :ite1 & !n ! t]m9al leaflet /alk$7 --#de4 #de;a4 ,racemes aris+ f ! base ( ! plant1 leafless 7#d-h dm4 high2 summ]7 ,tick ,trefoil1 ,desmodium nudiflorum4 #de;b4 ,racemes t]m9al or a few ( !m axill>y2 leaflets g5]ally m ?an #c cm4 long2 pod 7usually to be se5 at ! base ( ! raceme7 transv]sely segm5t$ into #b or m jo9ts 7summ]7 7,tick ,trefoil2 ! g5us ,desmodium4 ,pods are usually necess>y = satisfactory id5tification7 --#df4 #de;c4 ,racemes %ort1 loose1 *iefly axill>y2 leaflets g5]ally less ?an #c cm4 long2 ! %ort ovate or ovoid pod n transv]sely jo9t$ 7#e-aj dm4 high2 fl[]s 9 summ]7 7,bu% ,clov]2 ! g5us ,lesp$eza4 ,ref]5ce to ! ,manual is recomm5d$7 --#eh4 #df;a4 ,leaves clu/]$ ne> ! summit ( ! /em 7#d-ab dm4 high7 ,tick ,trefoil1 ,desmodium gr&iflorum4 #df;b4 ,leaves scatt]$ on ! /em --#dg4 #dg;a4 ,plants pro/rate2 racemes panicl$2 leaflets ne>ly circul> ,tick ,trefoil1 ,desmodium rotundifolium4 #dg;b4 ,plants decumb5t or asc5d+2 racemes %ort1 simple1 few-fl[]$2 /ipules ovate 7/ems #d-h dm4 long7 ,tick ,trefoil1 ,desmodium pauciflorum4 #dg;c4 ,plants erect or asc5d+2 racemes panicl$ --#dh4 #dh;a4 ,leaflets ( an oblong type1 broade/ at or ne> ! middle1 & ab\t #d times z long z broad 7#e-aj dm4 tall7 --#di4 #dh;b4 ,leaflets ( an ovate or lanceolate type1 broade/ bel[ ! middle1 & n m ?an #c times z long z wide --#ej4 #di;a4 ,/em pubesc5t2 leaves sessile or ne>ly s ,tick ,trefoil1 ,desmodium sessilifolium4 #di;b4 ,/em glabr\s or ne>ly s2 leaves obvi\sly petiol$ ,tick ,trefoil1 ,desmodium paniculatum4 #ej;a4 ,/ipules lanceolate to ovate1 #a cm4 long or m 7#f-ae dm4 high7 --#ea4 #ej;b4 ,/ipules n>r[ly lanceolate or subulate1 less ?an #a cm4 long --#ed4 #ea;a4 ,/ems glabr\s or m9utely pubesc5t2 leaves acum9ate --#eb4 #ea;b4 ,/ems hispid or d5sely pubesc5t2 leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate1 obtuse or b>ely acute --#ec4 #eb;a4 ,leaves glabr\s on bo? sides ,tick ,trefoil1 ,desmodium bracteosum4 #eb;b4 ,leaves r\gh above1 hairy b5ea? ,tick ,trefoil1 ,desmodium bracteosum v>4 longifolium4 #ec;a4 ,leaflets broadly ovate ,tick ,trefoil1 ,desmodium canesc5s4 #ec;b4 ,leaflets ovate-lanceolate ,tick ,trefoil1 ,desmodium ill9o5se4 #ed;a4 ,fl[]s #aj-ab mm4 long 7#a-b m4 high7 ,tick ,trefoil1 ,desmodium canad5se4 #ed;b4 ,fl[]s #e-h mm4 long 7#e-h dm4 tall7 --#ee4 #ed;c4 ,fl[]s #c-d mm4 long 7#d-h dm4 tall7 --#ef4 #ee;a4 ,leaflets broadly ovate ,tick ,trefoil1 ,desmodium viridiflorum4 #ee;b4 ,leaflets oblong-ovate ,tick ,trefoil1 ,desmodium dill5ii4 #ef;a4 ,leaflets #c-e cm4 long1 oblong-ovate1 scabr\s above ,tick ,trefoil1 ,desmodium rigidum4 #ef;b4 ,leaflets #a-b4e cm4 long1 broadly ovate or oval1 n scabr\s above --#eg4 #eg;a4 ,/em & leaves glabr\s or v ne>ly s ,tick ,trefoil1 ,desmodium m>il&icum4 #eg;b4 ,/em & leaves conspicu\sly pubesc5t ,tick ,trefoil1 ,desmodium obtusum4 #eh;a4 ,fl[]-clu/]s sessile1 or on p$uncles %ort] ?an ! subt5d+ leaves --#ei4 #eh;b4 ,fl[]-clu/]s1 or _m ( !m1 on p$uncles long] ?an ! leaves --#fa4 #ei;a4 ,leaves l9e>-oblong ,bu% ,clov]1 ,lesp$eza virg9ica4 #ei;b4 ,leaves ovate or oval --#fj4 #fj;a4 ,leaves & /em velvety or d[ny ,bu% ,clov]1 ,lesp$eza /uvei4 #fj;b4 ,leaves & /em glabr\s1 or ) close appress$ pubesc5ce ,bu% ,clov]1 ,lesp$eza frutesc5s4 #fa;a4 ,leaves ovate or broadly elliptical2 corolla conspicu\sly exce$+ ! calyx --#fb4 #fa;b4 ,leaves l9e>-oblong2 calyx ab\t z long z ! corolla ,bu% ,clov]1 ,lesp$eza manniana4 #fb;a4 ,/em erect or asc5d+ --#fc4 #fb;b4 ,/em trail+2 p$uncles mu* exce$+ ! leaves ,bu% ,clov]1 ,lesp$eza procumb5s4 #fc;a4 ,vill\s-pubesc5t2 infloresc5ce d5se2 "s p$uncles %ort] ?an ! leaves ,bu% ,clov]1 ,lesp$eza nuttallii4 #fc;b4 ,slightly pubesc5t or glabr\s2 infloresc5ce loose1 on p$uncles mu* long] ?an ! leaves ,bu% ,clov]1 ,lesp$eza violacea4 ,,l9aceae1 ! ,flax ,family ,h]bs ) simple leaves1 & regul> fl[]s1 hav+ #e sepals1 #e yell[ or blue petals1 #e /am5s1 & #e /yles4 #a;a4 ,fl[]s blue 7#c-f dm4 high2 summ]7 ,flax1 ,l9um usitatissimum4 #a;b4 ,fl[]s yell[ 7#c-h dm4 high2 summ]7 7,wild ,flax7 --#b4 #b;a4 ,middle /em-leaves bel[ ! bran*es opposite ,wild ,flax1 ,l9um /riatum4 #b;b4 ,middle /em-leaves bel[ ! bran*es alt]nate --#c4 #c;a4 ,leaves n>r[ly lanceolate to l9e>1 #a-d mm4 wide --#d4 #c;b4 ,leaves oblanceolate to oblong1 #d-f mm4 wide ,wild ,flax1 ,l9um virg9ianum4 #d;a4 ,leaves entire ,wild ,flax1 ,l9um m$ium4 #d;b4 ,upp] leaves gl&ul>-ciliate ,wild ,flax1 ,l9um sulcatum4 ,,oxalidaceae1 ! ,wood ,sorrel ,family ,h]bs1 ) alt]nate or basal comp\nd leaves ) #c rev]se he>t-%ap$ leaflets2 sepals1 petals1 & /yles ea* #e2 /am5s #aj4 7,wood ,sorrel7 #a;a4 ,leaves all basal2 fl[]s :ite to p9k-purple 7#a-b dm4 high2 late spr+7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,/em-leaves pres5t2 fl[]s yell[ 7#a-e dm4 high2 spr+ & summ]7 --#c4 #b;a4 ,fl[]-/alks be>+ a s+le fl[] ,wood ,sorrel1 ,oxalis acetosella4 #b;b4 ,fl[]-/alks be>+ an umbel ( sev]al fl[]s ,wood ,sorrel1 ,oxalis violacea4 #c;a4 ,/em pro/rate & creep+ ,wood ,sorrel1 ,oxalis rep5s4 #c;b4 ,/em erect or asc5d+ --#d4 #d;a4 ,p$icels ) spread+ pubesc5ce ,wood ,sorrel1 ,oxalis corniculata4 #d;b4 ,p$icels ) appress$ pubesc5ce ,wood ,sorrel1 ,oxalis /ricta4 ,,g]aniaceae1 ! ,g]anium ,family ,h]bs1 ) deeply lob$ or divid$ leaves2 fl[]s regul>1 ) #e sepals1 #e petals1 #e or #aj /am5s1 & a #e-;cell$ ov>y4 #a;a4 ,an!rs #e 7spread+ or asc5d+ plants1 #b-d dm4 high2 fl[]s p9k or purple1 spr+ & summ]7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,an!rs #aj --#c4 #b;a4 ,leaves p9nately dissect$ ,/ork's-bill1 ,erodium cicut>ium4 #b;b4 ,leaves palmately divid$ into cuneate lobes ,crane's-bill1 ,g]anium pusillum4 #c;a4 ,leaves t]nately divid$1 ! lobes p9natifid 7#b-d dm4 high2 fl[]s purple1 late spr+ & summ]7 ,h]b ,rob]t1 ,g]anium rob]tianum4 #c;b4 ,leaves palmately #c-aa-lob$ --#d4 #d;a4 ,petals #ab mm4 long or m 7#c-f dm4 high2 fl[]s pale purple1 spr+7 ,wild ,g]anium1 ,g]anium maculatum4 #d;b4 ,petals less ?an #aj mm4 long 7,crane's-bill7 --#e4 #e;a4 ,se$-be>+ portion ( ! pi/il smoo?1 glabr\s or ne>ly s 7l[ spread+ plant2 fl[]s purple1 late spr+ & summ]7 ,crane's-bill1 ,g]anium columb9um4 #e;b4 ,se$-be>+ portion ( ! pi/il transv]sely wr9kl$ 7widely bran*+4 #a-c dm4 tall2 fl[]s purple1 summ]7 ,crane's-bill1 ,g]anium molle4 #e;c4 ,se$-be>+ portion ( ! pi/il pubesc5t 7widely bran*+4 #a-e dm4 tall7 --#f4 #f;a4 ,leaves divid$ almo/ to ! base 7fl[]s p9ki% or :ite1 spr+ & summ]7 --#g4 #f;b4 ,leaves divid$ "o-half to two-?irds ! way to ! base 7fl[]s purple1 summ]7 ,crane's-bill1 ,g]anium rotundifolium4 #g;a4 ,petals :ite or pale p9k2 fl[]s 9 compact clu/]s ,crane's-bill1 ,g]anium c>ol9ianum4 #g;b4 ,petals p9k-purple2 fl[]s 9 loose clu/]s ,crane's-bill1 ,g]anium bicknellii4 ,,rutaceae1 ! ,rue ,family ,%rubs or l[ trees1 ) comp\nd leaves frequ5tly dott$ ) transluc5t gl&s2 fl[]s small1 gre5i%-:ite1 ) #c-e sepals1 petals1 & /am5s4 #a;a4 ,leaflets #e-i2 /ems ?orny ,prickly ,a%1 ,zan?oxylum am]icanum4 #a;b4 ,leaflets #c2 /ems n ?orny ,hop ,tree1 ,ptelea trifoliata4 ,,sim>ubaceae1 ! ,quassia ,family ,trees1 ) p9nately comp\nd leaves & small gre5i%-yell[ fl[]s 9 l>ge panicles 9 e>ly summ]1 rip5+ into w+$ fruits4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan1 escap$ f cultivation *iefly 9 t[ns ,tree ( ,heav51 ,ailan?us gl&ulosa4 ,,polygalaceae1 ! ,milkwort ,family ,small h]bs1 ) alt]nate or :orl$ simple leaves1 & small irregul> fl[]s2 sepals #e1 petals #c1 /am5s #f or #h1 m or less unit$ ) ea* o!r & ) ! petals4 #a;a4 ,all ( ! leaves alt]nate --#b4 #a;b4 ,"s or all ( ! leaves 9 :orls 7#a-d dm4 high2 fl[]s gre5i%1 purple1 or :ite2 summ]7 7,milkwort7 --#f4 #b;a4 ,fl[]s few1 loosely clu/]$1 #ae-bj mm4 long 7#a-c dm4 high2 fl[]s purple2 e>ly summ]7 ,fl[]+ ,w9t]gre51 ,polygala paucifolia4 #b;b4 ,fl[]s num]\s1 9 a spike or raceme --#c4 #c;a4 ,/em-leaves m9ute1 l9e>-subulate2 /em sl5d]1 erect1 #c-g dm4 high 7fl[]s p9k2 summ]7 ,milkwort1 ,polygala inc>nata4 #c;b4 ,/em-leaves n>r[ly oblong or broad]2 /em g5]ally #a-d dm4 high --#d4 #d;a4 ,fl[]s 9 a %ort ?ick obtuse v d5se spike 7fl[]s gre5i% or purple2 summ]7 ,milkwort1 ,polygala sangu9ea4 #d;b4 ,fl[]s 9 a sl5d] tap]+ spike --#e4 #d;c4 ,fl[]s 9 a raceme2 plants ) subt]ranean fl[]s also 7fl[]s purple2 e>ly summ]7 ,milkwort1 ,polygala polygama4 #e;a4 ,leaves l9e> or ne>ly s 7fl[]s purple2 summ]7 --#g;b4 #e;b4 ,leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate1 #b-f cm4 long 7fl[]s :ite2 late spr+7 ,s5eca ,snak]oot1 ,polygala s5ega4 #e;c4 ,leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate 7fl[]s :ite2 late spr+7 ,s5eca ,snak]oot1 ,polygala s5ega v>4 latifolia4 #f;a4 ,spike oval1 ?ick1 obtuse ,milkwort1 ,polygala cruciata4 #f;b4 ,spike acute --#g4 #g;a4 ,spike d5sely fl[]$1 #a-b cm4 long ,milkwort1 ,polygala v]ticillata4 #g;b4 ,spike loosely fl[]$1 #b-e cm4 long ,milkwort1 ,polygala v]ticillata v>4 ambigua4 ,,euphorbiaceae1 ! ,spurge ,family ,h]bs1 ) alt]nate1 opposite1 or :orl$ leaves & usually milky juice4 ,fl[]s small or m9ute & inconspicu\s1 )\t petals & frequ5tly )\t calyx4 ,9 our common] species1 sev]al /am9ate fl[]s1 ea* consi/+ ( a s+le /am5 only1 & "o pi/illate fl[]1 consi/+ ( a s+le p$icell$ #c-lob$ ov>y only1 are includ$ )9 a #d-e-lob$ involucre1 :i* is sometimes color$ & resembles a calyx or corolla4 #a;a4 ,/em-leaves alt]nate2 infloresc5ce axill>y2 fl[]s ) calyx & sev]al /am5s 7#c-h dm4 tall2 fl[]s gre5i% or purpli%2 summ]7 7,?ree-se$$ ,m]cury7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,/em-leaves opposite1 usually inequilat]al at base2 fl[]s z describ$ = ! family2 app>5t fl[]s 9 axill>y clu/]s 7summ] & autumn7 7,spurge7 --#c4 #a;c4 ,/em-leaves alt]nate2 infloresc5ce a t]m9al umbel-l clu/]1 ) its bran*es subt5d$ by opposite or :orl$ leaves2 fl[]s z describ$ = ! family 7,spurge7 --#i4 #b;a4 ,leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate2 fl[]-clu/]s %ort] ?an ! subt5d+ bract ,?ree-se$$ ,m]cury1 ,acalypha virg9ica4 #b;b4 ,leaves lanceolate to oblong2 fl[]-clu/]s equal+ or exce$+ ! subt5d+ bract ,?ree-se$$ ,m]cury1 ,acalypha gracil5s4 #c;a4 ,/em & foliage glabr\s --#d4 #c;b4 ,/em & foliage m or less pubesc5t 7/ems pro/rate or asc5d+1 #a-d dm4 long7 --#g4 #d;a4 ,erect or asc5d+1 usually )\t basal bran*es 7#b-d dm4 tall7 ,spurge1 ,euphorbia preslii4 #d;b4 ,pro/rate or spread+1 bran*$ f ! base 7/ems #a-d dm4 long7 --#e4 #e;a4 ,leaves entire2 plants ( ! %ores ( ! ,great ,lakes ,spurge1 ,euphorbia polygonifolia4 #e;b4 ,leaves s]rulate --#f4 #f;a4 ,leaves broadly oblong or obovate2 se$s obscurely wr9kl$ ,spurge1 ,euphorbia s]pyllifolia4 #f;b4 ,leaves n>r[ly oblong2 se$s ) prom95t transv]se ridges ,spurge1 ,euphorbia glyptosp]ma4 #g;a4 ,se$s black ,spurge1 ,euphorbia hirsuta4 #g;b4 ,se$s r$ --#h4 #h;a4 ,leaves oblong ,spurge1 ,euphorbia maculata4 #h;b4 ,leaves elliptical to obovate2 involucre split d[n "o side ,spurge1 ,euphorbia humi/rata4 #i;a4 ,fl[]s subt5d$ by conspicu\s petal-l :ite app5dages 7"p ( ! involucre7 7#d-aj dm4 tall2 summ]7 ,spurge1 ,euphorbia corollata4 #i;b4 ,fl[]s n subt5d$ by petal-l app5dages --#aj4 #aj;a4 ,/em-leaves bel[ ! infloresc5ce s]rulate 7#b-e dm4 high2 summ]7 --#aa4 #aj;b4 ,/em-leaves bel[ ! infloresc5ce entire --#ac4 #aa;a4 ,upp] leaves acute ,spurge1 ,euphorbia platyphylla4 #aa;b4 ,upp] leaves obtuse1 r\nd$1 or not*$ at ! apex --#ab4 #ab;a4 ,leaves ( ! involucre broadly triangul>-ovate1 wide/ ne> ! base ,spurge1 ,euphorbia obtusata4 #ab;b4 ,leaves ( ! involucre broadly obovate to ne>ly circul>1 wide/ ne> or above ! middle ,spurge1 ,euphorbia helioscopia4 #ac;a4 ,/em-leaves n>r[ly l9e>1 less ?an #c mm4 wide 7#b-d dm4 high2 late spr+ & summ]7 ,cypress ,spurge1 ,euphorbia cyp>issias4 #ac;b4 ,/em-leaves n>r[ly oblong-spatulate1 m ?an #e mm4 wide1 & m ?an #c times z long z wide 7#b-f dm4 high2 summ]7 --#ad4 #ac;c4 ,/em-leaves obovate to ne>ly circul>1 n m ?an twice z long z wide 7#a-d dm4 high7 --#ae4 #ad;a4 ,leaves at base ( umbel n>r[1 resembl+ ^? on ! /em ,spurge1 ,euphorbia esula4 #ad;b4 ,leaves at base ( umbel broad1 resembl+ ^? ( ! infloresc5ce ,spurge1 ,euphorbia lucida4 #ae;a4 ,upp] /em-leaves di/9ctly n>r[$ at ! base2 introduc$ species ( wa/e places 7summ]7 ,spurge1 ,euphorbia peplus4 #ae;b4 ,upp] /em-leaves r\nd$ at ! sessile base2 native species ( woodl&s 7spr+ & e>ly summ]7 ,spurge1 ,euphorbia commutata4 ,,callitri*aceae1 ! ,wat] ,/>wort ,family ,small h]bs gr[+ 9 wat] or 9 mud1 ) opposite entire leaves & small inconspicu\s axill>y fl[]s1 ) nei!r calyx nor corolla4 7,fl[]s 9 summ]74 #a;a4 ,completely subm]g$2 leaves all l9e> ,wat] ,/>wort1 ,callitri*e autumnalis4 #a;b4 ,subm]g$ leaves l9e>1 em]s$ & float+ leaves obovate ,wat] ,/>wort1 ,callitri*e palu/ris4 ,,empetraceae1 ! ,cr[b]ry ,family ,l[ ev]gre5 %rubs1 ) ! l9e> leaves completely roll$ into a tube1 & inconspicu\s fl[]s )\t petals1 9 ! axils ( ! leaves4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan1 #a-c dm4 high2 leaves less ?an #a cm4 long2 fl[]s 9 summ] ,cr[b]ry1 ,empetrum nigrum4 ,,limnan?aceae1 ! ,false ,m]maid ,family ,l[ h]bs ) alt]nate comp\nd leaves & m9ute axill>y fl[]s2 sepals #c1 petals #c1 /am5s #f4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan1 ) /ems #a-c dm4 long1 & fl[]s 9 late spr+ ,false ,m]maid1 ,flo]kea pros]p9acoides4 ,,anac>diaceae1 ! ,ca%ew ,family ,%rubs or small trees1 ) milky or res9\s juice1 alt]nate comp\nd leaves sometimes poison\s to ! t\*1 & small clu/]$ gre5i% or yell[i% fl[]s4 #a;a4 ,leaflets #g to _m 7#a-e m4 high7 7,suma*7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,leaflets #c-e4 #b;a4 ,axis ( ! leaves w+-m>g9$ betwe5 ! leaflets ,suma*1 ,rhus copall9a4 #b;b4 ,axis ( ! leaves n m>g9$ --#c4 #c;a4 ,leaflets entire ,poison ,suma*1 ,rhus v]nix4 #c;b4 ,leaflets s]rate --#d4 #d;a4 ,b>k ( ! old] /ems glabr\s ,suma*1 ,rhus glabra4 #d;b4 ,b>k ( ! old] /ems d5sely velvety-hairy ,suma*1 ,rhus typh9a4 #e;a4 ,t]m9al leaflet n>r[$ to a sessile base 7#e-bj dm4 high7 ,suma*1 ,rhus canad5sis4 #e;b4 ,t]m9al leaflet on a def9ite /alk1 r\nd or acute at base 7#c-h dm4 high1 or climb+ by hold-fa/ roots7 ,poison ,ivy1 ,rhus toxicod5dron4 ,,aquifoliaceae1 ! ,holly ,family ,%rubs1 ) alt]nate simple leaves & small :ite or gre5i% axill>y fl[]s 9 late spr+ & e>ly summ]2 sepals1 petals1 & /am5s ea* #d-f2 fruit a b]ry4 #a;a4 ,leaves entire or ne>ly s1 #a-c cm4 long 7#a-b m4 tall7 ,m\nta9 ,holly1 ,nemopan?us mucronata4 #a;b4 ,leaves %>ply s]rate1 #e-h cm4 long 7#b-e m4 high7 7,black ,ald]7 --#b4 #b;a4 ,leaves d[ny on ! ve9s b5ea?2 fruit r$ ,black ,ald]1 ,ilex v]ticillata4 #b;b4 ,leaves ne>ly or q glabr\s2 fruit orange ,black ,ald]1 ,ilex v]ticillata v>4 t5uifolia4 ,,cela/raceae1 ! ,/aff ,tree ,family ,%rubs ) simple leaves & inconspicu\s fl[]s2 sepals & petals ea* #d or #e1 ! /am5s ( ! same numb] & atta*$ to a disk :i* fills ! c5t] ( ! fl[]2 fruit %[y1 orange & r$4 #a;a4 ,leaves alt]nate 7climb+ v9e2 fl[]s 9 racemes2 late spr+7 ,bitt]-sweet1 ,cela/rus sc&5s4 #a;b4 ,leaves opposite 7fl[]s 9 axill>y clu/]s7 --#b4 #b;a4 ,pro/rate1 ) %ort erect bran*es2 leaves broade/ above ! middle 7spr+7 ,creep+ ,wahoo1 ,evonymus obovatus4 #b;b4 ,tall %rub1 ) leaves broade/ bel[ or ne> ! middle 7e>ly summ]7 ,wahoo1 ,evonymus atropurpureus4 ,,/aphyleaceae1 ! ,bladd] ,nut ,family ,%rubs ) opposite trifoliate leaves & small axill>y clu/]s ( :ite fl[]s 9 spr+2 sepals1 petals1 & /am5s ea* #e2 ov>y #c-;cell$1 rip5+ into a l>ge inflat$ #c-;cell$ pod4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan 7#b-e m4 high7 ,bladd] ,nut1 ,/aphylea trifolia4 ,,ac]aceae1 ! ,maple ,family ,trees or %rubs1 ) opposite1 lob$ or comp\nd leaves & inconspicu\s fl[]s2 sepals ab\t #e2 petals ! same numb]1 or none2 /am5s #d-ab2 ov>y #b-lob$1 rip5+ into a pair ( w+$ fruits4 #a;a4 ,leaves comp\nd 7tree2 fl[]s appe>+ be=e ! leaves7 ,box ,eld]1 ,ac] negundo4 #a;b4 ,leaves simple 7,maple7 --#b4 #b;a4 ,%rubs or small trees2 leaves #c-e-lob$2 ! lobes ) regul>ly s]rate m>g9s 7fl[]s gre5i%-yell[1 appe>+ lat] ?an ! leaves7 --#c4 #b;b4 ,trees2 leaves #c-g-lob$2 m>g9s ( ! lobes entire or incis$1 b nev] regul>ly s]rate --#d4 #c;a4 ,leaves f9ely & %>ply s]rate2 twigs smoo?2 b>k conspicu\sly /rip$ ) :ite l9es ,/rip$ ,maple1 ,ac] p5nsylvanicum4 #c;b4 ,leaves co>sely & bluntly s]rate2 "y twigs pubesc5t2 b>k n /rip$ ,m\nta9 ,maple1 ,ac] spicatum4 #d;a4 ,angles betwe5 ! leaf-lobes r\nd$ 7fl[]s gre5i%-yell[1 appe>+ ) ! leaves7 --#e4 #d;b4 ,angles betwe5 ! leaf-lobes acute or obtuse1 b n r\nd$ 7fl[]s purple1 r$1 or yell[i%1 appe>+ be=e ! leaves7 --#f4 #e;a4 ,leaves glabr\s b5ea?1 or m9utely pubesc5t on ! ve9s ,sug> ,maple1 ,ac] sac*>um4 #e;b4 ,leaves d[ny b5ea? ,black ,maple1 ,ac] sac*>um v>4 nigrum4 #f;a4 ,middle leaf-lobe usually m ?an half ! l5g? ( ! leaf1 n>r[$ at its base2 brok5 twigs ) a /rong odor ,silv] ,maple1 ,ac] sac*>9um4 #f;b4 ,middle leaf-lobe usually less ?an half ! l5g? ( ! leaf1 its sides p>allel or broad5$ at ! base2 brok5 twigs )\t /rong odor ,r$ ,maple1 ,ac] rubrum4 ,,sap9daceae1 ! ,soapb]ry ,family ,trees1 ) opposite palmately comp\nd leaves1 & %[y :ite or yell[i% fl[]s 9 panicles 9 spr+2 sepals #e2 petals #d or #e2 /am5s ab\t #g2 fruit a smoo? br[n nut4 #a;a4 ,leaflets #g2 buds viscid2 corolla ( #e petals ,horse ,*e/nut1 ,aesculus hippoca/anum4 #a;b4 ,leaflets #e2 buds smoo?2 corolla ( #d petals ,buckeye1 ,aesculus glabra4 ,,balsam9aceae1 ! ,t\*-me-n ,family ,smoo? h]bs1 ) alt]nate simple leaves & %[y fl[]s2 "o petal-l sepal prolong$ into a spur2 fruit explosive :5 ripe 7#e-aj dm4 high2 summ]74 #a;a4 ,fl[]s pale-yell[1 ) a few r$-br[n spots ,t\*-me-n1 ,impati5s pallida4 #a;b4 ,fl[]s orange1 ?ickly spott$ ) r$-br[n ,t\*-me-n1 ,impati5s biflora4 ,,rhamnaceae1 ! ,buck?orn ,family ,%rubs1 ) simple leaves & small fl[]s 9 axill>y or t]m9al clu/]s 9 e>ly summ]2 sepals1 petals1 & /am5s ea* #d to #e1 or petals none4 #a;a4 ,leaves ) a s+le mid-ve92 fl[]s 9 axill>y clu/]s1 gre5i% 7,buck?orn7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,leaves ) #c-e pr9cipal ve9s2 fl[]s 9 d5se t]m9al clu/]s1 :ite 7,r$-root7 --#c4 #b;a4 ,lat]al ve9s #c-d pairs 7/\t %rub1 frequ5tly ?orny1 escap$ f cultivation7 ,buck?orn1 ,rhamnus ca?>tica4 #b;b4 ,lat]al ve9s #f-i pairs 7#a m4 high or less2 9 swamps & bogs7 ,buck?orn1 ,rhamnus alnifolia4 #c;a4 ,leaves ovate1 r\nd$ or cordate at ! base1 #b-e cm4 wide or m 7#d-h dm4 high7 ,r$-root1 ,ceano?us am]icanus4 #c;b4 ,leaves elliptical-lanceolate1 #b cm4 wide or less 7#c-h dm4 high7 ,r$-root1 ,ceano?us ovatus4 ,,vitaceae1 ! ,grape ,family ,%rubs1 climb+ by t5drils or hold-fa/ roots1 ) palmately lob$ or palmately comp\nd leaves & small gre5i% fl[]s 9 panicles or flatt5$ clu/]s2 petals & sepals ea* #d or #e2 fruit a b]ry4 #a;a4 ,leaves comp\nd 7summ]7 7,virg9ia ,creep]7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,leaves simple 7late spr+7 7,grape7 --#d4 #b;a4 ,bran*es ( ! t5drils *iefly end+ 9 adhesive disks --#c4 #b;b4 ,bran*es ( ! t5drils tw9+1 or r>ely ) a few disks ,virg9ia ,creep]1 ,ps$]a vitacea4 #c;a4 ,/em & foliage glabr\s ,virg9ia ,creep]1 ,ps$]a qu9quefolia4 #c;b4 ,/em & foliage pubesc5t1 at lea/ :5 "y ,virg9ia ,creep]1 ,ps$]a qu9quefolia v>4 hirsuta4 #d;a4 ,leaves conspicu\sly pubesc5t b5ea? --#e4 #d;b4 ,leaves glabr\s b5ea? :5 mature1 or pubesc5t on ! ve9s only --#f4 #e;a4 ,a t5dril or fl[]-clu/] opposite ea* leaf ,fox ,grape1 ,vitis labrusca4 #e;b4 ,no t5dril opposite ea* ?ird leaf ,summ] ,grape1 ,vitis ae/ivalis4 #f;a4 ,pi? cont9u\s ?r\gh ! jo9ts ( ! /em ,fox ,grape1 ,vitis rotundifolia4 #f;b4 ,pi? int]rupt$ by ! solid jo9ts --#g4 #g;a4 ,leaf-lobes ) r\nd$ angles betwe5 !m ,summ] ,grape1 ,vitis bicolor4 #g;b4 ,leaf-lobes ) %>p angles betwe5 !m --#h4 #h;a4 ,leaves co>sely too!d1 unlob$ or slightly #c-lob$ ,fro/ ,grape1 ,vitis cordifolia4 #h;b4 ,leaves %>ply too!d1 prom95tly lob$ ,fro/ ,grape1 ,vitis vulp9a4 ,,tiliaceae1 ! ,l9d5 ,family ,trees1 ) alt]nate1 simple1 palmately ve9$ leaves1 & clu/]s ( fragrant :ite fl[]s 9 late spr+ aris+ f ! middle ( a leaf-l bract2 sepals & petals ea* #e2 /am5s num]\s1 b unit$ into #e sets4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan ,basswood1 ,tilia am]icana4 ,,malvaceae1 ! ,mall[ ,family ,h]bs ) alt]nate leaves2 sepals & petals ea* #e2 /am5s num]\s1 unit$ by _! filam5ts to =m a tube surr\nd+ ! /yles2 ov>y _m-cell$4 #a;a4 ,fl[]s yell[ 7summ] & autumn7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,fl[]s pale-yell[1 ) a d>k c5t] 7#b-d dm4 high2 late summ]7 ,fl[]-(-an-h\r1 ,hibiscus trionum4 #a;c4 ,fl[]s :ite to r$ or blue1 nev] yell[ --#c4 #b;a4 ,leaves broadly he>t-%ape 7#aj-ae dm4 tall7 ,velvet ,leaf1 ,abutilon !ophra/i4 #b;b4 ,leaves ovate-lanceolate 7#b-e dm4 tall7 ,sida1 ,sida sp9osa4 #c;a4 ,calyx subt5d$ by #f to _m bractlets :i* are sometimes unit$ at base 7summ]7 --#d4 #c;b4 ,calyx subt5d$ by #c bractlets1 or by none --#f4 #d;a4 ,fl[]s #b-d cm4 wide 7#e-aj dm4 high2 fl[]s p9k7 ,m>% ,mall[1 ,al?aea (fic9alis4 #d;b4 ,fl[]s #g-ae cm4 wide 7#h-ae dm4 high2 fl[]s p9k to ne>ly :ite7 7,rose ,mall[7 --#e4 #e;a4 ,leaves d5sely pubesc5t bel[ ,rose ,mall[1 ,hibiscus mos*eutos4 #e;b4 ,leaves glabr\s ,rose ,mall[1 ,hibiscus milit>is4 #f;a4 ,petals prom95tly not*$ at ! end or rev]se he>t-%ape 7,mall[7 --#g4 #f;b4 ,petals obtuse or truncate 7summ]7 --#aa4 #g;a4 ,fl[]s #a-a4e cm4 wide --#h4 #g;b4 ,fl[]s #b-e cm4 wide 7#c-h dm4 high2 fl[]s 9 summ]7 --#i4 #h;a4 ,/ems procumb5t1 pro/rate1 or spread+ 7spr+1 summ]1 & autumn7 ,mall[1 ,malva rotundifolia4 #h;b4 ,/ems erect 7#aj-ae dm4 high2 summ]7 ,mall[1 ,malva v]ticillata4 #i;a4 ,leaves ) prom95t b %all[ lobes2 fl[]s axill>y ,mall[1 ,malva sylve/ris4 #i;b4 ,leaves deeply lob$ or cleft2 fl[]s 9 ! upp] axils1 produc+ a raceme-l clu/] --#aj4 #aj;a4 ,lobes ( ! leaf d5tate or incis$ ,mall[1 ,malva alcea4 #aj;b4 ,lobes ( ! leaf p9nately cleft into l9e> or n>r[ly oblong divisions ,mall[1 ,malva mos*ata4 #aa;a4 ,fl[]s :ite 7#a-b m4 high7 ,virg9ia ,mall[1 ,sida h]maphrodita4 #aa;b4 ,fl[]s purple or p9k 7#c-e dm4 high1 spread+7 ,poppy ,mall[1 ,callirhoe triangulata4 ,,hyp]icaceae1 ! ,/4 ,john's-wort ,family ,h]bs or %rubs1 ) opposite entire leaves dott$ ) transluc5t gl&s2 fl[]s usually yell[ 7or p9k72 sepals & petals ea* #e2 /am5s #e to _m2 ov>y ) #c-e /yles4 7,/4 ,john's-wort47 #a;a4 ,%rubs 7#d-h dm4 high2 fl[]s yell[1 summ]7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,h]bs 7fl[]s 9 summ]7 --#c4 #b;a4 ,/yles #e ,/4 ,john's-wort1 ,hyp]icum kalmianum4 #b;b4 ,/yles #c ,/4 ,john's-wort1 ,hyp]icum prolificum4 #c;a4 ,fl[]s p9ki%1 #ae mm4 broad 7#c-e dm4 high1 9 swamps7 ,m>% ,/4 ,john's-wort1 ,hyp]icum virg9icum4 #c;b4 ,fl[]s yell[ --#d4 #d;a4 ,fl[]s ab\t #d cm4 wide2 pr9cipal leaves #e-aj cm4 long 7#g-ae dm4 tall7 ,/4 ,john's-wort1 ,hyp]icum ascyron4 #d;b4 ,fl[]s #h-be mm4 wide2 /am5s #ae or m --#e4 #d;c4 ,fl[]s #a-aj mm4 wide2 /am5s #ab or few] 7#a-f dm4 high7 --#g4 #e;a4 ,petals dott$ ) black 7#d-h dm4 high7 --#f4 #e;b4 ,petals )\t black dots 7#b-e dm4 high7 ,/4 ,john's-wort1 ,hyp]icum ellipticum4 #f;a4 ,fl[]s #bj-be mm4 wide2 leaves ( an oblong type1 broade/ ne> ! middle ,/4 ,john's-wort1 ,hyp]icum p]=atum4 #f;b4 ,fl[]s #aj-ae mm4 wide2 leaves ( an ovate type1 broade/ bel[ ! middle ,/4 ,john's-wort1 ,hyp]icum punctatum4 #g;a4 ,leaves m9ute1 subulate1 #a-c mm4 long ,p9ewe$1 ,hyp]icum g5tianoides4 #g;b4 ,leaves l9e>1 ) #a-c pr9cipal ve9s1 broade/ ne> or above ! middle ,/4 ,john's-wort1 ,hyp]icum canad5se4 #g;c4 ,leaves lanceolate1 #d-f times z long z broad1 ) #e-g pr9cipal ve9s ,/4 ,john's-wort1 ,hyp]icum majus4 #g;d4 ,leaves oblong1 elliptic1 or ovate1 #a4e-c times z long z broad --#h4 #h;a4 ,upp]mo/ bracts l9e> ,/4 ,john's-wort1 ,hyp]icum mutilum4 #h;b4 ,upp]mo/ bracts resembl+ ! leaves 9 %ape1 b small] ,/4 ,john's-wort1 ,hyp]icum boreale4 ,,elat9aceae1 ! ,wat]wort ,family ,small m>% h]bs1 ) opposite leaves )\t transluc5t dots1 & inconspicu\s axill>y fl[]s4 7,/ems #b-e cm4 long2 fl[]s 9 summ]47 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan ,wat]wort1 ,elat9e am]icana4 ,,ci/aceae1 ! ,rock-rose ,family ,small h]bs or %rubs1 ) opposite or alt]nate entire leaves2 fl[]s regul>1 ) #e sepals1 #c or #e petals1 & #c to _m /am5s4 #a;a4 ,fl[]s yell[ 7e>ly summ]7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,fl[]s gre5i% or purpli%1 m9ute1 9 panicles 7late summ]7 7,p9we$7 --#d4 #b;a4 ,leaves cr[d$1 closely appress$ to ! bran*es2 fl[]s #g mm4 wide 7#b-d dm4 high7 ,false ,hea!r1 ,hudsonia tom5tosa4 #b;b4 ,leaves spread+2 fl[]s #ae-cj mm4 wide 7#c-f dm4 high7 7,fro/we$7 --#c4 #c;a4 ,petal-be>+ fl[]s solit>y ,fro/we$1 ,helian!mum canad5se4 #c;b4 ,petal-be>+ fl[]s few1 racemose ,fro/we$1 ,helian!mum majus4 #d;a4 ,/em-leaves l9e>1 #d or m times z long z wide --#e4 #d;b4 ,/em-leaves oblong or elliptical1 ab\t #c times z long z wide 7#b-f dm4 tall7 --#h4 #e;a4 ,plant pale ) d5se appress$ pubesc5ce 7#b-d dm4 high7 ,p9we$1 ,le*ea /ricta4 #e;b4 ,plant gre51 pubesc5ce sp>se or none --#f4 #f;a4 ,leaves ?read-l1 seldom exce$+ #a mm4 9 wid? 7#a-c dm4 tall7 ,p9we$1 ,le*ea t5uifolia4 #f;b4 ,leaves #a-e mm4 wide 7#b-f dm4 high7 --#g4 #g;a4 ,leaves on ! basal %oots n>r[ly lanceolate ,p9we$1 ,le*ea int]m$ia4 #g;b4 ,leaves on ! basal %oots oblong-elliptic1 ab\t twice z long z wide ,p9we$1 ,le*ea racemulosa4 #h;a4 ,pubesc5ce ( spread+ hairs ,p9we$1 ,le*ea villosa4 #h;b4 ,pubesc5ce ( appress$ hairs ,p9we$1 ,le*ea m9or4 ,,violaceae1 ! ,violet ,family ,h]bs ) simple1 alt]nate or basal leaves1 & conspicu\s irregul> fl[]s ) a spur 7except 9 ! fir/ species72 sepals1 petals1 & /am5s ea* #e2 ov>y #a-;cell$4 #a;a4 ,fl[]s regul> or ne>ly s1 gre5i%-:ite1 axill>y2 erect plant ) leafy /em 7#c-e dm4 high2 spr+7 ,gre5 ,violet1 ,hyban?us concolor4 #a;b4 ,fl[]s irregul>1 blue1 yell[1 or :ite1 conspicu\s 7,violet7 --#b4 #b;a4 ,plant /emless1 ! fl[]s all on leafless /alks & ! leaves all basal 7spr+ or e>ly summ]7 --#c4 #b;b4 ,/ems leafy 7spr+ & summ]7 --#ag4 #c;a4 ,petals yell[ ,r\nd-leav$ ,violet1 ,viola rotundifolia4 #c;b4 ,petals blue1 violet1 or :ite --#d4 #d;a4 ,pr9cipal leaves at "t ( fl[]+ deeply lob$ --#e4 #d;b4 ,leaves oblong1 ovate1 or triangul>1 n n>r[$ to ! petiole1 & frequ5tly %>ply too!d or incis$ ne> ! base --#g4 #d;c4 ,leaves n>r[ly lanceolate1 tap]+ to ! base ,violet1 ,viola lanceolata4 #d;d4 ,leaves he>t-%ape or kidney-%ape1 n lob$ --#h4 #e;a4 ,lat]al petals be>d$ --#f4 #e;b4 ,lat]al petals n be>d$ ,bird-foot ,violet1 ,viola p$ata4 #f;a4 ,leaves divid$ to ! base into l9e> segm5ts ,bird-foot ,violet1 ,viola p$atifida4 #f;b4 ,leaves irregul>ly divid$ into broad] segm5ts ,h&-leaf ,violet1 ,viola palmata4 #g;a4 ,leaves ovate-oblong1 pubesc5t ,violet1 ,viola fimbriatula4 #g;b4 ,leaves triangul>-lanceolate1 usually some:at dilat$ at base1 ne>ly or q glabr\s ,violet1 ,viola sagittata4 #h;a4 ,fl[]s violet or blue 7r>ely :ite-fl[]$ plants are f\nd ) ! typical blue-fl[]$ ones7 7,blue ,violets7 --#i4 #h;b4 ,fl[]s :ite1 ! #c l[] petals m>k$ ) purple 7,:ite ,violets7 --#ad4 #i;a4 ,lat]al petals be>d$ --#aj4 #i;b4 ,lat]al petals be>dless ,great-spurr$ ,violet1 ,viola selkirkii4 #aj;a4 ,foliage glabr\s --#aa4 #aj;b4 ,petioles & l[] surface ( leaves pubesc5t --#ac4 #aa;a4 ,be>d ( ! lat]al petals ) a knob at ! tip ( ea* hair ,blue ,violet1 ,viola cucullata4 #aa;b4 ,be>d ( ! lat]al petals n knobb$ --#ab4 #ab;a4 ,spurr$ petal hairy ,wood ,violet1 ,viola aff9is4 #ab;b4 ,spurr$ petal glabr\s ,blue ,violet1 ,viola papilionacea4 #ac;a4 ,spurr$ petal vill\s ,blue ,violet1 ,viola sept5trionalis4 #ac;b4 ,spurr$ petal glabr\s1 or ) a few scatt]$ hairs ,common ,blue ,violet1 ,viola sororia4 #ad;a4 ,leaf-blade obvi\sly pubesc5t --#ae4 #ad;b4 ,leaf-blade glabr\s or v ne>ly s --#af4 #ae;a4 ,lat]al petals be>d$ ,sweet ,:ite ,violet1 ,viola incognita4 #ae;b4 ,lat]al petals n be>d$ ,:ite ,violet1 ,viola r5ifolia4 #af;a4 ,leaf-blades /rictly glabr\s ,sweet ,:ite ,violet2 ,viola pall5s4 #af;b4 ,leaf-blades ) "s m9ute :ite hairs on ! upp] surface ne> ! base ,sweet ,:ite ,violet1 ,viola bl&a4 #ag;a4 ,/ipules l>ge & leaf-l1 deeply p9natifid & ne>ly or q z long z ! petioles --#ah4 #ag;b4 ,/ipules small1 inconspicu\s1 entire or too!d1 & mu* %ort] ?an ! petiole --#ai4 #ah;a4 ,leaves s]rate2 fl[]s #a4e-b4e cm4 wide 7#a-c dm4 high2 fl[]s ( v>i\s colors7 ,pansy1 ,viola tricolor4 #ah;b4 ,upp] leaves entire or ne>ly s2 fl[]s ab\t #a cm4 wide 7#a-b dm4 high2 fl[]s blui%-:ite7 ,wild ,pansy1 ,viola raf9esquii4 #ai;a4 ,petals yell[ 7#a-d dm4 high7 7,yell[ ,violet7 --#bj4 #ai;b4 ,petals violet1 blue1 or :ite --#ba4 #bj;a4 ,foliage vill\s-pubesc5t ,yell[ ,violet1 ,viola pubesc5s4 #bj;b4 ,foliage ne>ly or q glabr\s ,yell[ ,violet1 ,viola scabriuscula4 #ba;a4 ,/ipules entire 7#b-d dm4 high7 ,canada ,violet1 ,viola canad5sis4 #ba;b4 ,/ipules too!d --#bb4 #bb;a4 ,lat]al petals n be>d$ 7#a-b dm4 high7 ,long-spurr$ ,violet1 ,viola ro/rata4 #bb;b4 ,lat]al petals be>d$ --#bc4 #bc;a4 ,fl[]s :ite or ne>ly :ite 7#a-c dm4 high7 ,pale ,violet1 ,viola /riata4 #bc;b4 ,fl[]s blue 7ab\t #a dm4 high7 --#bd4 #bd;a4 ,leaves smoo? ,dog ,violet1 ,viola consp]sa4 #bd;b4 ,leaves pubesc5t ,s& ,violet1 ,viola ar5>ia4 ,,cactaceae1 ! ,cactus ,family ,fle%y1 jo9t$ leafless plants1 arm$ ) num]\s ?orns2 fl[]s l>ge 7#e-aj cm4 wide71 yell[1 ) ab\t #aj petals & num]\s /am5s4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan1 on ! %ores ( ,lake ,mi*igan2 fl[]s 9 summ] ,prickly ,pe>1 ,opuntia raf9esquii4 ,,?ymelaeaceae1 ! ,mez]eum ,family ,%rubs1 ) simple alt]nate entire leaves1 & small yell[i% fl[]s 9 clu/]s1 op5+ be=e ! leaves2 petals none1 ! sepals some:at petal-l4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan1 #e-ae dm4 tall1 ) v t\gh b>k ,lea!rwood1 ,dirca palu/ris4 ,,elaeagnaceae1 ! ,olea/] ,family ,%rubs1 ) opposite1 silv]y-pubesc5t1 simple1 entire leaves1 & small clu/]s ( inconspicu\s yell[ fl[]s 9 spr+4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan1 #a-b m4 high ,buffalo ,b]ry1 ,%eph]dia canad5sis4 ,,ly?raceae1 ! ,loose/rife ,family ,h]bs or %rubs1 ) opposite or alt]nate entire leaves2 receptacle cup-%ape or tubul>1 be>+ ! #e-g petals & sepals at its m>g91 & ! #f-ab /am5s on its inn] surface2 ov>y sup]ior4 #a;a4 ,/em %rubby 7aquatic1 /ems #a-c m4 long2 fl[]s p9k1 summ]7 ,wat] ,loose/rife1 ,decodon v]ticillatus4 #a;b4 ,/em h]bace\s 7#d-aj dm4 high2 fl[]s purple1 summ]7 --#b4 #b;a4 ,fl[]s solit>y 9 ! axils2 leaves mo/ly alt]nate ,loose/rife1 ,ly?rum alatum4 #b;b4 ,fl[]s 9 t]m9al panicles2 leaves opposite or :orl$ ,loose/rife1 ,ly?rum salic>ia4 ,,mela/omaceae1 ! ,mela/oma ,family ,h]bs1 ) opposite leaves ) #c-e pr9cipal ve9s2 receptacle urn-%ape1 be>+ #d sepals & #d petals at its edge2 /am5s #h2 ov>y #d-;cell$1 sup]ior4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan1 #c-d dm4 high1 ) purple fl[]s 9 late summ] ,mead[ ,beauty1 ,rhexia virg9ica4 ,,onagraceae1 ! ,ev5+ ,primrose ,family ,h]bs ) opposite or alt]nate simple leaves & regul> fl[]s2 sepals & petals ea* #d 7or #b 9 "o g5us71 /am5s #h 7or #b 9 "o g5us71 atta*$ to ! summit or inside ( a tubul> receptacle2 ov>y #b-d-;cell$1 inf]ior4 #a;a4 ,aquatic plant ( %all[ wat] or muddy gr\nd1 ) pro/rate /em 7fl[]s m9ute1 axill>y2 petals small or none1 summ]7 ,wat] ,purslane1 ,ludvigia palu/ris4 #a;b4 ,l& plants ) erect or asc5d+ /ems --#b4 #b;a4 ,petals m9ute1 gre5i% 7#c-h dm4 high2 late summ]7 ,false ,loose/rife1 ,ludvigia polyc>pa4 #b;b4 ,petals yell[ --#c4 #b;c4 ,petals :ite1 p9k1 purple1 or r$ --#i4 #c;a4 ,sepals borne at ! summit ( ! ov>y 7#e-aj dm4 high2 summ]7 ,false ,loose/rife1 ,ludvigia alt]nifolia4 #c;b4 ,sepals borne at ! summit ( ! sl5d] tubul> receptacle1 :i* is prolong$ beyond ! ov>y --#d4 #d;a4 ,/am5s all equal 9 l5g? 7,ev5+ ,primrose7 --#e4 #d;b4 ,! alt]nate /am5s long] 7#c-h dm4 high2 summ]7 7,sundrops7 --#h4 #e;a4 ,leaves deeply d5tate or p9natifid 7#b-e dm4 high2 e>ly summ]7 ,ev5+ ,primrose1 ,o5o!ra lac9iata4 #e;b4 ,leaves entire or undulate or f9ely too!d 7#e-ab dm4 high2 summ]7 --#f4 #f;a4 ,hairs on ! /em ) broad r$di% bases ,ev5+ ,primrose1 ,o5o!ra muricata4 #f;b4 ,hairs on ! /em none1 or )\t swoll5 bases --#g4 #g;a4 ,/em & foliage glabr\s1 or ) sp>se spread+ hairs ,ev5+ ,primrose1 ,o5o!ra bi5nis4 #g;b4 ,/em & foliage d5sely b closely appress$-pubesc5t ,ev5+ ,primrose1 ,o5o!ra rhombipetala4 #h;a4 ,petals #e-aj mm4 long ,sundrops1 ,o5o!ra pumila4 #h;b4 ,petals #ad mm4 long or m ,sundrops1 ,o5o!ra fruticosa4 #i;a4 ,petals #b1 rev]se he>t-%ape1 /am5s #b 7fl[]s small1 :ite1 summ]7 7,en*ant]'s ,night%ade7 --#aj4 #i;b4 ,petals #d2 /am5s #d or #h --#ab4 #aj;a4 ,leaves r\nd$ at ! base1 d5ticulate 7#c-h dm4 high2 fruit prickly7 ,en*ant]'s ,night%ade1 ,circaea lutetiana4 #aj;b4 ,leaves cordate at ! base --#aa4 #aa;a4 ,fruit #b-;cell$1 bri/ly 7#b-d dm4 high7 ,en*ant]'s ,night%ade1 ,circaea int]m$ia4 #aa;b4 ,fruit #a-;cell$1 ) s(t hairs 7delicate plant #b dm4 high1 or less7 ,en*ant]'s ,night%ade1 ,circaea alp9a4 #ab;a4 ,petals entire 7summ]7 --#ac4 #ab;b4 ,petals not*$ at ! end 7fl[]s :ite or p9ki%1 less ?an #a cm4 broad1 9 summ]7 7,will[ ,h]b7 --#ae4 #ac;a4 ,fl[]s #b-c cm4 wide1 purple 7#g-bj dm4 high7 ,firewe$1 ,epilobium angu/ifolium4 #ac;b4 ,fl[]s ab\t #a cm4 wide --#ad4 #ad;a4 ,fl[]s r$ 7#b-e dm4 high7 ,gaura1 ,gaura cocc9ea4 #ad;b4 ,fl[]s :ite1 turn+ p9k :5 old ,gaura1 ,gaura bi5nis4 #ae;a4 ,leaves entire1 ! m>g9s usually some:at revolute --#af4 #ae;b4 ,leaves too!d1 flat 7#d-i dm4 high7 --#ah4 #af;a4 ,plant d5sely pubesc5t ) spread+ hairs 7#c-h dm4 high7 ,will[ ,h]b1 ,epilobium molle4 #af;b4 ,plant pubesc5t ) appress$ or incurv$ hairs --#ag4 #ag;a4 ,leaves l9e>1 ! m>g9 revolute 7#c-e dm4 high7 ,will[ ,h]b1 ,epilobium d5sum4 #ag;b4 ,leaves n>r[ly lanceolate1 n revolute 7#b-d dm4 high7 ,will[ ,h]b1 ,epilobium palu/re4 #ah;a4 ,se$s tipp$ ) a tuft ( r$di%-br[n hairs ,will[ ,h]b1 ,epilobium coloratum4 #ah;b4 ,se$s tipp$ ) a tuft ( :ite hairs ,will[ ,h]b1 ,epilobium ad5ocaulon4 ,,haloragidaceae1 ! ,wat] ,milfoil ,family ,aquatic or m>% h]bs1 ) alt]nate1 opposite1 or :orl$ leaves1 & small1 inconspicu\s t]m9al or axill>y fl[]s1 frequ5tly )\t petals 7summ]74 #a;a4 ,leaves none1 or else v small & inconspicu\s ,wat] ,milfoil1 ,myriophyllum t5ellum4 #a;b4 ,leaves alt]nate 7#a-d dm4 high7 ,m]maid ,we$1 ,pros]p9aca palu/ris4 #a;c4 ,leaves opposite or :orl$ --#b4 #b;a4 ,leaves entire 7#b-d dm4 high7 ,m>e's-tail1 ,hippuris vulg>is4 #b;b4 ,leaves too!d or dissect$ 7,wat] ,milfoil7 --#c4 #c;a4 ,fl[]s 9 ! axils ( foliage leaves --#d4 #c;b4 ,fl[]s 9 t]m9al spikes1 subt5d$ by bracts --#e4 #d;a4 ,fl[]s above wat]1 subt5d$ by too!d or entire leaves ,wat] ,milfoil1 ,myriophyllum het]ophyllum4 #d;b4 ,fl[]s subm]g$1 subt5d$ by dissect$ leaves ,wat] ,milfoil1 ,myriophyllum f>wellii4 #e;a4 ,fl[]s solit>y or 9 pairs at ea* jo9t ( ! spike ,wat] ,milfoil1 ,myriophyllum alt]nifolium4 #e;b4 ,fl[]s sev]al at ea* jo9t ( ! spike --#f4 #f;a4 ,bracts deeply p9natifid ,wat] ,milfoil1 ,myriophyllum v]ticillatum v>4 pect9atum4 #f;b4 ,bracts entire or too!d ,wat] ,milfoil1 ,myriophyllum spicatum4 ,,araliaceae1 ! ,s>sap>illa ,family ,h]bs or ?orny %rubs1 ) alt]nate or :orl$ leaves1 & small fl[]s 9 umbels2 sepals #e1 m9ute2 petals & /am5s ea* #e2 ov>y inf]ior1 ) #b-e /yles1 rip5+ into a b]ry4 #a;a4 ,leaves simple1 palmately lob$ 7?orny %rub2 fl[]s gre5i%-:ite1 9 panicles1 9 ,june7 ,devil's ,club1 ,fatsia horrida4 #a;b4 ,leaves once comp\nd$1 :orl$ 7umbel "o1 t]m9al7 --#b4 #a;c4 ,leaves twice or ?rice comp\nd$ 7umbels sev]al7 --#c4 #b;a4 ,leaflets sessile2 fl[]s :ite1 9 spr+ 7#a-b dm4 high7 ,dw>f ,g9s5g1 ,panax trifolium4 #b;b4 ,leaflets /alk$2 fl[]s gre5i%1 9 summ] 7#b-e dm4 high7 ,g9s5g1 ,panax qu9quefolium4 #c;a4 ,/em & petioles sp9y or bri/ly 7fl[]s :ite1 summ]7 --#d4 #c;b4 ,/em & petioles smoo? or a little pubesc5t 7fl[]s gre5i%-:ite7 --#e4 #d;a4 ,%rubby1 ) /\t ?orns 7#a-c m4 high7 ,h]cules' ,club1 ,aralia sp9osa4 #d;b4 ,h]bace\s1 ) sl5d] bri/les 7#d-aj dm4 high7 ,bri/ly ,s>sap>illa1 ,aralia hispida4 #e;a4 ,/em-leaves pres5t2 leaflets cordate at ! base 7#h-ae dm4 high2 summ]7 ,spik5>d1 ,aralia racemosa4 #e;b4 ,leaf & fl[]-/alk aris+ f ! gr\nd2 leaflets acute at ! base 7#b-d dm4 high2 spr+7 ,wild ,s>sap>illa1 ,aralia nudicaulis4 ,,umbellif]ae1 ! ,p>sley ,family ,h]bs1 ) alt]nate1 usually comp\nd leaves1 ! petioles dilat$ at ! base2 fl[]s small1 9 umbels or heads2 sepals #e1 m9ute or ev5 want+2 petals & /am5s ea* #e2 ov>y inf]ior1 ) #b /yles1 rip5+ into a dry fruit4 #a;a4 ,leaves simple 7fl[]s 9 summ]7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,leaves comp\nd1 or at lea/ deeply cleft --#d4 #b;a4 ,leaves l9e>1 sword-%ape 7#d-aj dm4 tall2 fl[]s gre5i%-:ite7 ,rattlesnake ,ma/]1 ,eryngium yuccifolium4 #b;b4 ,leaves kidney-%ape or almo/ circul> 7/ems creep+1 ab\t #a dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite7 7,wat] ,p5nywort7 --#c4 #c;a4 ,leaves peltate1 atta*$ by ! c5t] ,wat] ,p5nywort1 ,hydrocotyle umbellata4 #c;b4 ,leaves n peltate1 atta*$ by ! m>g9 ,wat] ,p5nywort1 ,hydrocotyle am]icana4 #d;a4 ,fl[]s yell[ or purple --#e4 #d;b4 ,fl[]s :ite or gre5i% --#ac4 #e;a4 ,leaf-segm5ts entire 7#d-h dm4 high7 --#f4 #e;b4 ,leaf-segm5ts too!d or incis$ --#g4 #f;a4 ,leaf-segm5ts fili=m 7summ]7 ,f5nel1 ,fo5iculum vulg>e4 #f;b4 ,leaf-segm5ts ovate to lanceolate ,gold5 ,alex&]1 ,ta5idia integ]rima4 #g;a4 ,leaves p9nately comp\nd2 "s ( ! leaflets incis$ or p9natifid --#h4 #g;b4 ,leaves t]nately comp\nd2 ! segm5ts cr5ate or s]rate --#i4 #g;c4 ,leaves deeply palmately cleft or divid$2 fl[]s 9 head-l umbels --#ah;a4 #h;a4 ,leaf-segm5ts obtuse1 r\nd$1 or cordate at ! base 7#f-ae dm4 high2 summ]7 ,wild ,p>snip1 ,pa/9aca sativa4 #h;b4 ,leaf-segm5ts n>r[$ to ! base 7#d-h dm4 high2 spr+7 ,prairie ,p>sley1 ,polyta5ia nuttallii4 #i;a4 ,t]m9al leaflets conspicu\sly /alk$1 _! total l5g?1 includ+ /alk1 at lea/ #ej great] ?an ! l5g? ( ! lat]al leaflets 7,mead[ ,p>snip7 --#aj4 #i;b4 ,t]m9al leaflets n conspicu\sly /alk$1 _! total l5g?1 includ+ /alk1 ab\t equal+ ! lat]al leaflets 7#d-h dm4 high2 late spr+7 7,gold5 ,alex&]7 --#ab4 #aj;a4 ,fl[]s purple 7#d-h dm4 high2 e>ly summ]7 ,mead[ ,p>snip1 ,?aspium aureum v>4 atropurpureum4 #aj;b4 ,fl[]s yell[ --#aa4 #aa;a4 ,/em-leaves once-t]nate2 leaflets f9ely s]rate 7#d-h dm4 high2 e>ly summ]7 ,mead[ ,p>snip1 ,?aspium aureum4 #aa;b4 ,_m /em-leaves #b-c-t]nate2 leaflets co>sely s]rate or incis$ 7#f-ab dm4 high2 e>ly summ]7 ,mead[ ,p>snip1 ,?aspium b>b9ode4 #ab;a4 ,basal & l[] /em-leaves #b-c-t]nate ,gold5 ,alex&]1 ,zizia aurea4 #ab;b4 ,basal leaves simple2 /em-leaves once-t]nate ,gold5 ,alex&]1 ,zizia cordata4 #ac;a4 ,leaves once-p9nate 7or ! subm]g$ leaves decomp\nd1 if pres5t7 7summ]7 --#ad4 #ac;b4 ,leaves t]nately1 palmately1 or #b-c-p9nately comp\nd --#af4 #ad;a4 ,leaflets mo/ly ovate or ovate-lanceolate1 "s ( !m co>sely incis$ 7#c-i dm4 high7 ,wat] ,p>snip1 ,b]ula erecta4 #ad;b4 ,leaflets l9e> to oblong1 s]rate to ne>ly entire1 n incis$ 7#f-ae dm4 high7 --#ae4 #ae;a4 ,leaflets entire1 or ) a few l[ remote tee? ,c[bane1 ,oxypolis rigidior4 #ae;b4 ,leaflets f9ely b %>ply s]rate ,wat] ,p>snip1 ,sium cicutaefolium4 #af;a4 ,leaves pr9cipally basal1 decomp\nd2 fl[]s 9 e>ly spr+ 7#a-b dm4 high7 ,h>b+] ( ,spr+1 ,erig5ia bulbosa4 #af;b4 ,leaves pr9cipally on ! /em --#ag4 #ag;a4 ,leaves palmately or t]nately once-comp\nd --#ah4 #ag;b4 ,leaves #b-c times comp\nd or decomp\nd --#bd4 #ah;a4 ,fl[]s %ort-p$icell$1 cr[d$ 9 head-l umbels1 gre5i%2 ov>y bri/ly 7#d-i dm4 high2 e>ly summ]7 7,black ,snak]oot7 --#ai4 #ah;b4 ,fl[]s 9 op5 umbels1 :ite --#bb4 #ai;a4 ,/yles %ort1 n project+ beyond ! bri/les ( ! mature fruit --#bj4 #ai;b4 ,/yles long1 project+ beyond ! bri/les ( ! fruit1 & recurv$ --#ba4 #bj;a4 ,/am9ate fl[]s on p$icels #c-d mm4 long1 equal+ or b>ely exce$+ ! fruit ,black ,snak]oot1 ,sanicula trifoliata4 #bj;b4 ,/am9ate fl[]s %ort-p$icell$1 conceal$ among ! fruits ,black ,snak]oot1 ,sanicula canad5sis4 #ba;a4 ,fruit %ort-/alk$1 #d mm4 long or less ,black ,snak]oot1 ,sanicula greg>ia4 #ba;b4 ,fruit sessile1 #f-g mm4 long ,black ,snak]oot1 ,sanicula m>il&ica4 #bb;a4 ,umbel unsymmetrical1 its bran*es irregul> 9 l5g?2 plant sl5d] 7#c-h dm4 tall2 e>ly summ]7 ,honewort1 ,cryptota5ia canad5sis4 #bb;b4 ,umbel symmetrical ) regul> bran*es2 plants tall & /\t --#bc4 #bc;a4 ,/em & leaves v pubesc5t 7#aj-be dm4 high2 summ]7 ,c[ ,p>snip1 ,h]acleum lanatum4 #bc;b4 ,/em & leaves glabr\s or ne>ly s 7#e-ae dm4 high2 e>ly summ]7 ,ma/]wort1 ,imp]atoria o/ru?ium4 #bd;a4 ,ov>y & fruit bri/ly 7#d-aj dm4 high7 --#be4 #bd;b4 ,ov>y & fruit smoo? or w+$1 nev] bri/ly --#bg4 #be;a4 ,umbels loose1 op51 few-fl[]$2 woodl& plants bloom+ 9 spr+ 7,sweet ,cicely7 --#bf4 #be;b4 ,umbels d5sely fl[]$2 we$y plants bloom+ f summ] to fall ,wild ,c>rot1 ,daucus c>ota4 #bf;a4 ,/em vill\s-pubesc5t ,sweet ,cicely1 ,osmorhiza claytoni4 #bf;b4 ,/em glabr\s except at ! jo9ts ,sweet ,cicely1 ,osmorhiza longi/ylis4 #bg;a4 ,leaflets m]ely s]rate 7fl[]s 9 summ]7 --#bh4 #bg;b4 ,leaflets co>sely incis$1 s t ! leaf appe>s dissect$ --#cj4 #bh;a4 ,umbel d5sely pubesc5t 7#h-ae dm4 high7 ,angelica1 ,angelica villosa4 #bh;b4 ,umbel smoo? --#bi4 #bi;a4 ,leaf-segm5ts broadly ovate 7#h-ae dm4 high7 ,angelica1 ,angelica atropurpurea4 #bi;b4 ,leaf-segm5ts lanceolate 7#h-ae dm4 high7 ,wat] ,hemlock1 ,cicuta maculata4 #bi;c4 ,leaf-segm5ts l9e> 7#d-aj dm4 high7 ,wat] ,hemlock1 ,cicuta bulbif]a4 #cj;a4 ,pr9cipal bran*es ( ! umbel #b-e2 fruit l9e>-oblong2 woodl& plants bloom+ 9 spr+ 7#b-d dm4 high7 ,*]vil1 ,*a]ophyllum procumb5s4 #cj;b4 ,pr9cipal bran*es ( ! umbel #g or m2 fruit ovate to broadly elliptical 7summ]7 --#ca4 #ca;a4 ,native plants1 gr[+ 9 swamps 7#e-ae dm4 high7 ,hemlock ,p>sley1 ,coniosel9um *95se4 #ca;b4 ,introduc$ plants1 9 wa/e places & along roads --#cb4 #cb;a4 ,/ems conspicu\sly spott$ ) purple 7#e-ae dm4 high7 ,poison ,hemlock1 ,conium maculatum4 #cb;b4 ,/ems n spott$ ) purple 7#b-e dm4 high7 ,c>away1 ,c>um c>vi4 ,,cornaceae1 ! ,dogwood ,family ,trees1 %rubs1 or h]bs1 ) alt]nate leaves & small fl[]s 9 r cr[d$ r\nd$ or flatt5$ clu/]s2 sepals #d1 m9ute2 petals & /am5s ea* #d2 ov>y inf]ior1 rip5+ into a b]ry4 ,9 "o g5us ! fl[]s are m9ute & gre5i%1 ) #e sepals & petals m9ute or none4 #a;a4 ,leaves alt]nate --#b4 #a;b4 ,leaves opposite --#c4 #b;a4 ,fl[]s :ite1 conspicu\s1 9 flatt5$ clu/]s 7%rubs #b-d m4 high2 fl[]s 9 late spr+7 ,dogwood1 ,cornus alt]nifolia4 #b;b4 ,fl[]s gre5i%1 inconspicu\s1 9 small axill>y clu/]s 7tree2 fl[]s 9 spr+7 ,s\r ,gum1 ,nyssa sylvatica4 #c;a4 ,fl[] clu/]s small & d5se1 surr\nd$ by a %[y involucre ( #d bracts1 resembl+ a corolla ( #d petals --#d4 #c;b4 ,fl[]s 9 op5 flatt5$ clu/]s1 )\t petal-l involucre 7%rubs #a-d m4 high2 late spr+7 --#e4 #d;a4 ,h]bace\s1 #c dm4 high or less 7fl[]s 9 late spr+7 ,dw>f ,dogwood1 ,cornus canad5sis4 #d;b4 ,tall %rub or tree 7fl[]s 9 late spr+7 ,fl[]+ ,dogwood1 ,cornus florida4 #e;a4 ,leaves di/9ctly pubesc5t b5ea? ) woolly or spread+ hairs --#f4 #e;b4 ,leaves smoo? b5ea?1 or pubesc5t ) %ort appress$ hairs --#i4 #f;a4 ,leaves r\gh above2 fruit :ite ,dogwood1 ,cornus asp]ifolia4 #f;b4 ,leaves smoo? or f9ely s(t-hairy above --#g4 #g;a4 ,leaves at lea/ twice z long z wide2 bran*es br[ni% or purpli% --#h4 #g;b4 ,leaves less ?an twice z long z wide2 bran*es gre5i%2 fruit blue ,dogwood1 ,cornus circ9ata4 #h;a4 ,bran*es purpli%2 fruit blue ,dogwood1 ,cornus amomum4 #h;b4 ,bran*es br[ni%2 fruit :ite ,dogwood1 ,cornus baileyi4 #i;a4 ,bran*es bright r$ or r$di%-purple ,dogwood1 ,cornus /olonif]a4 #i;b4 ,bran*es grayi% ,dogwood1 ,cornus paniculata4 ,,ericaceae1 ! ,hea? ,family ,h]bs or %rubs1 frequ5tly ) ev]gre5 leaves2 sepals #d-e2 corolla regul>1 ) #d-e petals2 /am5s z _m or twice z _m2 ov>y #c-aj-;cell$1 ) #a /yle4 #a;a4 ,plants )\t gre5 color2 leafless or ) scale leaves only --#b4 #a;b4 ,plants ) gre5 leaves --#d4 #b;a4 ,fl[]s solit>y 7#a-b dm4 high2 summ]7 ,indian ,pipe1 ,monotropa uniflora4 #b;b4 ,fl[]s 9 clu/]s --#c4 #c;a4 ,petals unit$ into a bell-%ape corolla 7#c-i dm4 high2 summ]7 ,p9e ,drops1 ,pt]ospora &rom$ea4 #c;b4 ,petals all sep>ate 7#a-c dm4 high2 summ]7 ,bee* ,drops1 ,monotropa hypopitys4 #d;a4 ,leaves all basal2 h]bace\s plants ) t]m9al racemes 7#a-d dm4 high2 summ]7 7,%9-leaf7 --#e4 #d;b4 ,/em-leaves pres5t --#ab4 #e;a4 ,/yle /raight --#f4 #e;b4 ,/yle b5t ne> ! apex --#h4 #f;a4 ,racemes "o-sid$1 ! fl[]s all turn$ 9 "o direction 7fl[]s :ite or gre5i%-:ite7 --#g4 #f;b4 ,raceme regul>1 ! fl[]s n all po9t+ 9 ! same direction 7fl[]s :ite or p9k7 ,%9-leaf1 ,pyrola m9or4 #g;a4 ,fl[]s num]\s 9 ea* raceme ,%9-leaf1 ,pyrola secunda4 #g;b4 ,fl[]s only #c-g 9 ea* raceme ,%9-leaf1 ,pyrola seconda v>4 obtusata4 #h;a4 ,fl[]s p9k or purple --#i4 #h;b4 ,fl[]s :ite or gre5i% --#aj4 #i;a4 ,leaves cordate at base ,%9-leaf1 ,pyrola as>ifolia4 #i;b4 ,leaves r\nd$ at base1 n cordate ,%9-leaf1 ,pyrola as>ifolia v>4 inc>nata4 #aj;a4 ,leaves %9+ on ! upp] side2 sepals "o-?ird z long z ! petals ,%9-leaf1 ,pyrola am]icana4 #aj;b4 ,leaves dull on ! upp] side2 sepals "o-f\r? z long z ! petals1 or a little %ort] --#aa4 #aa;a4 ,leaf-blades mo/ly %ort] ?an _! petioles1 ?ick & firm ,%9-leaf1 ,pyrola *loran?a4 #aa;b4 ,leaf-blades ?91 usually long] ?an _! petioles ,%9-leaf1 ,pyrola elliptica4 #ab;a4 ,petals ne>ly or q sep>ate f ea* o!r --#ac4 #ab;b4 ,petals unit$ into a gamopetal\s corolla1 ! tube ( :i* is z long z or long] ?an ! lobes --#ah4 #ac;a4 ,leaves opposite or :orl$2 /ems h]bace\s or ne>ly s 7summ]7 --#ad4 #ac;b4 ,leaves alt]nate2 /ems %rubby 7e>ly summ]7 --#af4 #ad;a4 ,fl[]s solit>y2 leaves broadly ovate to ne>ly circul> 7#a dm4 high2 fl[] :ite7 ,"o-fl[]$ ,w9t]gre51 ,moneses uniflora4 #ad;b4 ,fl[]s 9 clu/]s2 leaves n>r[ 7/ems trail+1 #a-c dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite or p9ki%7 --#ae4 #ae;a4 ,leaves broade/ above ! middle1 gre5 ,pr9ce's ,p9e1 ,*imaphila umbellata4 #ae;b4 ,leaves broade/ bel[ ! middle1 spott$ ) :ite ,spott$ ,w9t]gre51 ,*imaphila maculata4 #af;a4 ,leaves #b-e cm4 long1 d5sely woolly b5ea? 7#e-aj dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite7 ,labrador ,tea1 ,l$um gro5l&icum4 #af;b4 ,leaves #a-b cm4 long1 pale b5ea? b n :olly 7creep+2 fl[]s p9k7 7,cranb]ry7 --#ag4 #ag;a4 ,leaves acute ,cranb]ry1 ,vacc9ium oxycoccos4 #ag;b4 ,leaves obtuse ,cranb]ry1 ,vacc9ium macroc>pon4 #ah;a4 ,leaves opposite or :orl$2 corolla sauc]-%ape 7%rubs #c-h dm4 high2 fl[]s purple1 summ]7 --#ai4 #ah;b4 ,leaves alt]nate2 corolla bell-%ape or salv]-=m --#bj4 #ai;a4 ,bran*es & twigs cyl9drical1 n angl$ ,%eep ,laurel1 ,kalmia angu/ifolia4 #ai;b4 ,bran*es & twigs ) #b %>p angles ,swamp ,laurel1 ,kalmia polifolia4 #bj;a4 ,plants pro/rate1 or ) a few asc5d+ bran*es only 7fl[]s :ite or p9k7 --#ba4 #bj;b4 ,plants erect or asc5d+ --#bc4 #ba;a4 ,fl[]s #aj-bj mm4 long1 v fragrant 7e>ly spr+7 ,trail+ ,arbutus1 ,epigaea rep5s4 #ba;b4 ,fl[]s #d-e mm4 long 7late spr+7 --#bb4 #bb;a4 ,leaves spatulate1 broade/ beyond ! middle ,be>b]ry1 ,arcto/aphylos uva-ursi4 #bb;b4 ,leaves oval1 broade/ at ! middle ,sn[b]ry1 ,*iog5es hispidula4 #bc;a4 ,leaves l9e>1 :ite b5ea?1 _! m>g9s /rongly revolute 7%rub #c-h dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite1 late spr+7 ,bog ,rosem>y1 ,&rom$a glaucophylla4 #bc;b4 ,leaves oblong1 scurfy b5ea? ) ru/y scales 7bog %rub #d-aj dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite1 9 spr+7 ,lea!rleaf1 ,*ama$aphne calyculata4 #bc;c4 ,leaves smoo?1 pubesc5t1 or res9\s b5ea?1 b n scurfy nor :ite --#bd4 #bd;a4 ,l[ %rubs #aj-ae cm4 high1 erect f a creep+ root/ock2 leaves ) ! ta/e ( w9t]gre5 7fl[]s :ite or p9k1 summ]7 ,w9t]gre51 ,gaul!ria procumb5s4 #bd;b4 ,bu%y %rubs #c-h dm4 high2 leaves dott$ b5ea? ) yell[i% res9\s dots2 ov>y #aj-;cell$ 7fl[]s gre5i%-p9k1 spr+7 ,huckleb]ry1 ,gaylussacia baccata4 #bd;c4 ,%rubs #a dm4 to #c m4 high2 leaves n res9\s-dott$ b5ea?2 ov>y #e-;cell$ 7fl[]s :ite or gre5i%-p9k1 spr+ or e>ly summ]7 --#be4 #be;a4 ,corolla bell-%ape1 ! /am5s project+ beyond x 7#e-ae dm4 high7 ,de]b]ry1 ,vacc9ium /am9eum4 #be;b4 ,corolla cyl9drical or urn-%ape1 ! /am5s n project+ --#bf4 #bf;a4 ,filam5ts hairy 7,blueb]ry7 --#bg4 #bf;b4 ,filam5ts glabr\s 7,bilb]ry7 --#cb4 #bg;a4 ,l[ bu%y %rubs1 usually less ?an #e dm4 & nev] m ?an #a m4 high --#bh4 #bg;b4 ,tall erect %rubs1 #a-d m4 high --#ca4 #bh;a4 ,foliage pubesc5t ,blueb]ry1 ,vacc9ium canad5se4 #bh;b4 ,foliage glabr\s --#bi4 #bi;a4 ,leaves pale-gre5 & glauc\s1 entire or ne>ly s ,blueb]ry1 ,vacc9ium vacillans4 #bi;b4 ,leaves bright-gre51 di/9ctly s]rulate --#cj4 #cj;a4 ,fruit blue ,blueb]ry1 ,vacc9ium p5nsylvanicum4 #cj;b4 ,fruit black ,blueb]ry1 ,vacc9ium p5nsylvanicum v>4 nigrum4 #ca;a4 ,leaves d[ny b5ea?2 fruit black ,blueb]ry1 ,vacc9ium atrococcum4 #ca;b4 ,leaves smoo? or m9utely pubesc5t b5ea?2 fruit blue ,blueb]ry1 ,vacc9ium corymbosum4 #cb;a4 ,full-gr[n leaves less ?an #b4e cm4 long2 l[ mu*-bran*$ %rubs1 mo/ly less ?an #e dm4 high --#cc4 #cb;b4 ,full-gr[n leaves m ?an #b4e cm4 long2 %rubs usually a met] high or m --#cd4 #cc;a4 ,leaves entire2 petals usually #d4 ,bilb]ry1 ,vacc9ium ulig9osum4 #cc;b4 ,leaves f9ely s]rulate2 petals #e ,bilb]ry1 ,vacc9ium caespitosum4 #cd;a4 ,leaves s]rulate1 gre5 b5ea?1 acute2 corolla globul> ,bilb]ry1 ,vacc9ium membranaceum4 #cd;b4 ,leaves entire1 pale b5ea?1 obtuse2 corolla ovoid ,bilb]ry1 ,vacc9ium ovalifolium4 ,,primulaceae1 ! ,primrose ,family ,h]bs1 ) alt]nate or opposite simple leaves & regul> fl[]s2 petals m or less unit$2 /am5s atta*$ "o 9 front ( ea* petal2 ov>y #a-;cell$ ) #a /yle4 #a;a4 ,leaves all basal2 fl[]s on leafless /alks --#b4 #a;b4 ,/em-leaves pres5t --#e4 #b;a4 ,fl[]s nodd+1 ! petals reflex$ 7#c-f dm4 high2 fl[]s %[y1 :ite or p9k1 9 spr+7 ,%oot+ ,/>1 ,dodeca!on meadia4 #b;b4 ,fl[]s erect or spread+2 petals n reflex$ --#c4 #c;a4 ,corolla n long] ?an ! calyx2 fl[]s small & inconspicu\s 7#a dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite or p9k1 spr+7 ,&rosace1 ,&rosace occid5talis4 #c;b4 ,corolla conspicu\s1 mu* long] ?an ! calyx 7fl[]s p9k or purple1 summ]7 7,primrose7 --#d4 #d;a4 ,leaves :ite-mealy b5ea? 7#a-d dm4 high7 ,primrose1 ,primula f>9osa4 #d;b4 ,leaves gre5 b5ea? 7#b dm4 high or less7 ,primrose1 ,primula mi/ass9ica4 #e;a4 ,all ! /em-leaves 9 "o :orl j bel[ ! fl[]-clu/] --#f4 #e;b4 ,/em-leaves sev]al or _m1 scatt]$ ov] ! /em --#g4 #f;a4 ,/em-leaves ab\t #a cm4 long --#c;a4 #f;b4 ,/em-leaves #e-aj cm4 long ,/> ,fl[]1 ,tri5talis am]icana4 #g;a4 ,fl[]s r$1 blue1 or :ite 7summ]7 --#h4 #g;b4 ,fl[]s yell[ 7summ]7 --#i4 #h;a4 ,leaves opposite2 fl[]s axill>y 7/ems spread+1 #a-d dm4 long2 fl[]s blue or r$7 ,pimp]nel1 ,anagallis arv5sis4 #h;b4 ,leaves alt]nate2 fl[]s racemose 7#a-d dm4 high2 fl[]s m9ute1 :ite7 ,wat] ,pimp]nel1 ,samolus floribundus4 #i;a4 ,/em creep+ ,moneywort1 ,lysima*ia nummul>ia4 #i;b4 ,/em erect 7,loose/rife7 --#aj4 #aj;a4 ,fl[]s 9 d5se spike-l racemes 7#c-h dm4 high7 ,loose/rife1 ,lysima*ia ?yrsiflora4 #aj;b4 ,fl[]s axill>y or racemose 7#c-i dm4 high7 --#aa4 #aa;a4 ,corolla dott$ or /reak$ ) purple or br[n2 leaves punctate ) d>k spots --#ab4 #aa;b4 ,corolla pla9 yell[2 leaves n d>k-dott$ --#ad4 #ab;a4 ,fl[]s 9 racemes --#ac4 #ab;b4 ,fl[]s all axill>y ,loose/rife1 ,lysima*ia quadrifolia4 #ac;a4 ,fl[]s all 9 racemes2 leaves opposite or "s ( !m alt]nate ,loose/rife1 ,lysima*ia t]re/ris4 #ac;b4 ,! l[e/ fl[]s axill>y2 leaves opposite or :orl$ ,loose/rife1 ,lysima*ia producta4 #ad;a4 ,leaves ovate1 on sl5d] ciliate petioles ,loose/rife1 ,/eironema ciliatum4 #ad;b4 ,leaves lanceolate1 sessile or %ort-petiol$1 p9nately ve9$ ,loose/rife1 ,/eironema lanceolatum4 #ad;c4 ,leaves l9e>1 ) "o mid-ve9 ,loose/rife1 ,/eironema quadriflorum4 ,,oleaceae1 ! ,olive ,family ,trees or %rubs1 ) opposite leaves & regul> fl[]s2 sepals #d1 or calyx none2 petals #d1 unit$1 or none2 /am5s usually #b2 ov>y #b-;cell$1 sup]ior4 #a;a4 ,leaves simple 7%rub #b-e m4 high2 fl[]s blue or :ite1 9 %[y clu/]s 9 spr+7 ,lilac1 ,syr+a vulg>is4 #a;b4 ,leaves comp\nd 7trees2 fl[]s gre5i%1 inconspicu\s1 9 spr+7 7,a%7 --#b4 #b;a4 ,lat]al leaflets sessile ,black ,a%1 ,frax9us nigra4 #b;b4 ,lat]al leaflets /alk$ --#c4 #c;a4 ,twigs %>ply #d-;angl$ ,blue ,a%1 ,frax9us quadrangulata4 #c;b4 ,twigs n di/9ctly angl$ --#d4 #d;a4 ,leaves pubesc5t b5ea? ,r$ ,a%1 ,frax9us p5nsylvanica4 #d;b4 ,leaves glabr\s b5ea? --#e4 #e;a4 ,leaves pale-gre5 b5ea?1 obscurely s]rulate ,:ite ,a%1 ,frax9us am]icana4 #e;b4 ,leaves bright-gre5 b5ea?1 %>ply s]rulate ,gre5 ,a%1 ,frax9us p5nsylvanica v>4 lanceolata4 ,,g5tianaceae1 ! ,g5tian ,family ,h]bs1 ) opposite or basal1 entire1 usually simple leaves & regul> fl[]s2 sepals1 petals1 & /am5s equal 9 numb]1 #d-ab2 ov>y sup]ior1 #a-;cell$4 #a;a4 ,leaves r$uc$ to small scales 7#a-d dm4 high2 fl[]s small1 gre5i%-yell[1 9 summ]7 ,b>tonia1 ,b>tonia virg9ica4 #a;b4 ,leaves r\nd$1 float+ 7fl[]s :ite1 summ]7 ,float+ ,he>t1 ,nymphoides lacunosum4 #a;c4 ,leaves comp\nd 7#b-d dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite or blui%1 e>ly summ]7 ,buckbean1 ,m5yan!s trifoliata4 #a;d4 ,leaves simple1 :orl$ 7#a-b m4 high2 fl[]s yell[i%-:ite1 summ]7 ,am]ican ,columbo1 ,fras]a c>ol9i5sis4 #a;e4 ,leaves simple1 opposite --#b4 #b;a4 ,corolla rotate1 ) spread+ lobes1 #b-d cm4 broad1 p9k 7#e-h dm4 high2 summ]7 ,rose ,p9k1 ,sabbatia angul>is4 #b;b4 ,corolla bell-%ape1 ea* petal ) a spur at ! base1 purpli% or :ite1 & n ov] #a cm4 long 7#a-d dm4 high2 summ]7 ,spurr$ ,g5tian1 ,hal5ia deflexa4 #b;c4 ,corolla bell-%ape1 tubul>1 funnel-=m1 or salv]-=m1 n spurr$ --#c4 #c;a4 ,corolla-lobes fr+$ 7fl[]s bright-blue7 7,fr+$ ,g5tian7 --#d4 #c;b4 ,corolla-lobes entire --#e4 #d;a4 ,leaves lanceolate 7#b-h dm4 high2 autumn7 ,fr+$ ,g5tian1 ,g5tiana cr9ita4 #d;b4 ,leaves l9e> 7#a-d dm4 high2 late summ]7 ,fr+$ ,g5tian1 ,g5tiana proc]a4 #e;a4 ,corolla #b cm4 long or a little less --#f4 #e;b4 ,corolla #b4e-e cm4 long 7late summ] & autumn7 7,g5tian7 --#g4 #f;a4 ,upp] leaves l9e> or n>r[ly lanceolate 7#b-d dm4 high2 fl[]s p9k-purple1 late summ]7 ,c5taury1 ,c5taurium umbellatum4 #f;b4 ,upp] leaves ovate1 ) sev]al pr9cipal ve9s 7#a-e dm4 high2 fl[]s blue1 late summ] & autumn7 ,g5tian1 ,g5tiana qu9quefolia4 #g;a4 ,calyx-lobes r\gh or ciliate at ! m>g9 7fl[]s blue1 or r>ely :ite7 --#h4 #g;b4 ,calyx-lobes smoo? 7#b-h dm4 high7 --#aj4 #h;a4 ,corolla-lobes spread+2 leaves n>r[ly lanceolate1 indi/9ctly ve9$ 7#b-e dm4 high7 ,g5tian1 ,g5tiana pub]ula4 #h;b4 ,corolla-lobes erect or incurv$2 leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate1 ) #c-g pr9cipal ve9s 7#c-f dm4 high7 --#i4 #i;a4 ,calyx-lobes equal+ or exce$+ ! calyx-tube ,g5tian1 ,g5tiana sapon>ia4 #i;b4 ,calyx-lobes %ort] ?an ! calyx-tube ,g5tian1 ,g5tiana &rewsii4 #aj;a4 ,leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate1 some:at cordate at base 7fl[]s gre5i%-:ite or yell[i%-:ite7 ,g5tian1 ,g5tiana flavida4 #aj;b4 ,leaves n>r[ly lanceolate or ne>ly l9e>1 n cordate 7fl[]s blue7 ,g5tian1 ,g5tiana l9e>is4 ,,apocynaceae1 ! ,dogbane ,family ,h]bs1 ) opposite simple entire leaves & regul> fl[]s2 sepals1 petals1 & /am5s ea* #e2 petals unit$2 /am5s atta*$ to ! corolla2 ov>ies #b1 ) a s+le /yle or /igma4 #a;a4 ,plant creep+ or trail+2 fl[]s blue1 axill>y1 #b-c cm4 broad 7spr+7 ,p]iw9kle1 ,v9ca m9or4 #a;b4 ,plant erect or ess5tially s2 fl[]s #a cm4 broad or less 7#d-ab dm4 high7 --#b4 #b;a4 ,corolla p9ki%1 ab\t #h mm4 long by #f-h mm4 broad 7e>ly summ]7 ,dogbane1 ,apocynum &rosaemifolium4 #b;b4 ,corolla :ite or gre5i%1 ab\t #f mm4 long by #d mm4 broad 7summ]7 --#c4 #c;a4 ,leaves petiol$1 acute at ! base ,indian ,hemp1 ,apocynum cannab9um4 #c;b4 ,leaves sessile1 r\nd$ or truncate at ! base ,indian ,hemp1 ,apocynum cannab9um v>4 hyp]icifolium4 ,,asclepiadaceae1 ! ,milkwe$ ,family ,h]bs1 ) simple entire leaves & regul> fl[]s2 juice usually milky2 except 9 ! fir/ species1 :i* is a tw9+ v9e4 ,! fl[]s h an unusual /ructure3 calyx ( #e sepals2 petals #e1 unit$ ) ea* o!r1 & spread+ or reflex$ s t !y conceal ! calyx2 /am5s #e1 unit$ ) ea* o!r & ) ! /igma to =m a complex organ 9 ! c5t] ( ! fl[]2 ov>ies #b2 on ! back ( ea* /am5 is a color$ project+ hood1 :i* is frequ5tly ! mo/ conspicu\s "p ( ! fl[]1 & may be mi/ak5 = ! corolla4 #a;a4 ,tw9+ v9e1 ) d>k purple fl[]s 7summ]7 ,black ,swall[-wort1 ,cynan*um nigrum4 #a;b4 ,/ems n tw9+ --#b4 #b;a4 ,leaves :orl$ 7#c-f dm4 high2 summ]7 7,milkwe$7 --#c4 #b;b4 ,leaves opposite or alt]nate --#d4 #c;a4 ,leaves 9 :orls ( #d1 lanceolate 7fl[]s p9k7 ,milkwe$1 ,asclepias quadrifolia4 #c;b4 ,leaves 9 :orls ( #d-g1 l9e> 7fl[]s gre5i%-:ite7 ,milkwe$1 ,asclepias v]ticillata4 #d;a4 ,umbel sessile 7#d-h dm4 high2 fl[]s gre51 summ]7 ,gre5 ,milkwe$1 ,ac]ates viridiflora4 #d;b4 ,umbel p$uncl$ --#e4 #e;a4 ,leaves l9e> or n>r[ly l9e>-lanceolate 7#d-h dm4 high2 fl[]s gre5i%-:ite1 summ]7 ,gre5 ,milkwe$1 ,ac]ates floridana4 #e;b4 ,leaves lanceolate or broad] 7fl[]s 9 summ]7 --#f4 #f;a4 ,leaves pubesc5t b5ea? --#g4 #f;b4 ,leaves glabr\s or ne>ly s --#aj4 #g;a4 ,fl[]s brilliant orange 7#c-f dm4 high7 ,butt]fly ,we$1 ,asclepias tub]osa4 #g;b4 ,fl[]s r$ or purple --#h4 #h;a4 ,reflex$ lobes ( corolla m]ely purple-t+$ 7#a-b m4 high7 ,milkwe$1 ,asclepias syriaca4 #h;b4 ,reflex$ lobes ( corolla bright-r$ or purple --#i4 #i;a4 ,! erect hoods ( ea* fl[] ab\t #e mm4 long 7#g-ab dm4 high7 ,milkwe$1 ,asclepias purpurasc5s4 #i;b4 ,! erect hoods ( ea* fl[] ab\t #c mm4 long 7#f-aj dm4 high7 ,swamp ,milkwe$1 ,asclepias inc>nata v>4 pul*ra4 #aj;a4 ,leaves broadly r\nd$ & almo/ sessile at base 7fl[]s purpli%7 --#aa4 #aj;b4 ,leaves n>r[$ at ! base1 di/9ctly petiol$ 7#h-ae dm4 high7 --#ab4 #aa;a4 ,umbel solit>y1 t]m9al & erect on a long p$uncle 7#d-h dm4 high7 ,milkwe$1 ,asclepias amplexicaulis4 #aa;b4 ,umbels t]m9al or lat]al1 b5t t[>d "o side 7#g-ab dm4 high7 ,milkwe$1 ,asclepias sullivantii4 #ab;a4 ,corolla 7n hoods7 r$ 7#a-b m4 high7 ,swamp ,milkwe$1 ,asclepias inc>nata4 #ab;b4 ,corolla 7n hoods7 gre5i% 7#h-ae dm4 high7 ,milkwe$1 ,asclepias exaltata4 ,,convolvulaceae1 ! ,morn+ ,glory ,family ,tw9+ or trail+ h]bs 7except "o species71 ) regul> fl[]s2 sepals #e2 corolla #e-;angl$ or #e-lob$2 /am5s #e1 atta*$ to ! corolla2 ov>y sup]ior1 #b-c-;cell$4 #a;a4 ,plants ) gre5 foliage & conspicu\s fl[]s 7summ]7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,leafless br[n or yell[ plants1 ) v small fl[]s 7,dodd]7 --#g4 #b;a4 ,/yle divid$ at ! top into l9e> or oblong /igmas 7fl[]s :ite or p9k7 7,b9dwe$7 --#c4 #b;b4 ,/yle n divid$ at ! top2 /igmas sessile1 capitate 7,morn+ ,glory7 --#f4 #c;a4 ,/em erect2 leaves r\nd$ or some:at cordate at base1 n ha/ate or sagittate 7#a-c dm4 high7 ,b9dwe$1 ,convolvulus spi?amaeus4 #c;b4 ,/em trail+ or tw9+2 leaves sagittate or ha/ate --#d4 #d;a4 ,calyx almo/ conceal$ by two l>ge he>t-%ape bracts --#e4 #d;b4 ,bracts at base ( calyx none ,b9dwe$1 ,convolvulus arv5sis4 #e;a4 ,leaves triangul>-ha/ate1 ) %>p basal lobes ,b9dwe$1 ,convolvulus sepium4 #e;b4 ,leaves oblong-ovate1 ! basal lobes obtuse ,b9dwe$1 ,convolvulus sepium v>4 pubesc5s4 #f;a4 ,/em smoo? or ne>ly s2 ov>y #b-;cell$ 7fl[]s :ite7 ,wild ,potato ,v9e1 ,ipomoea p&urata4 #f;b4 ,/em ) reflex$ hairs2 ov>y #c-;cell$ 7fl[]s ( v>i\s colors7 ,morn+ ,glory1 ,ipomoea purpurea4 #g;a4 ,introduc$ we$1 gr[+ z a p>asite on clov] ,dodd]1 ,cuscuta epi?ymum4 #g;b4 ,native species1 on v>i\s %rubs & h]bs --#h4 #h;a4 ,fl[]s sessile --#i4 #h;b4 ,fl[]s di/9ctly p$icell$ --#ab4 #i;a4 ,sepals unit$ bel[ into a gamosepal\s calyx --#aj4 #i;b4 ,sepals sep>ate f ea* o!r --#aa4 #aj;a4 ,calyx-lobes obtuse ,dodd]1 ,cuscuta arv5sis4 #aj;b4 ,calyx-lobes acute ,dodd]1 ,cuscuta obtusiflora4 #aa;a4 ,fl[]s 9 d5se rope-l twi/s on v>i\s species ( h]bs ,dodd]1 ,cuscuta p>adoxa4 #aa;b4 ,fl[]s 9 d5se clu/]s on v>i\s species ( %rubs ,dodd]1 ,cuscuta compacta4 #ab;a4 ,tips ( ! petals inflex$ ,dodd]1 ,cuscuta coryli4 #ab;b4 ,tips ( ! petals erect or spread+ --#ac4 #ac;a4 ,capsule depress$ at ! summit ,dodd]1 ,cuscuta cephalan?i4 #ac;b4 ,capsule po9t$ at ! summit ,dodd]1 ,cuscuta gronovii4 ,,polemoniaceae1 ! ,polemonium ,family ,h]bs ) alt]nate or opposite leaves & conspicu\s regul> fl[]s2 sepals #e1 unit$2 petals #e1 unit$ & be>+ ! #e /am5s 9 ! corolla-tube2 ov>y sup]ior1 #c-;cell$4 #a;a4 ,leaves p9nately comp\nd & alt]nate 7#b-d dm4 high2 fl[]s blue1 9 spr+7 ,greek ,val]ian1 ,polemonium reptans4 #a;b4 ,leaves fascicl$1 n>r[ly l9e> 7ab\t #a dm4 high2 fl[]s p9k-purple1 9 spr+7 ,moss ,p9k1 ,phlox subulata4 #a;c4 ,leaves simple1 /rictly opposite --#b4 #b;a4 ,corolla-lobes deeply #b-;cleft to ! middle 7#a-b dm4 high2 fl[]s p9k1 9 spr+7 ,cleft ,phlox1 ,phlox bifida4 #b;b4 ,corolla-lobes entire & r\nd$1 or some:at not*$ at ! apex --#c4 #c;a4 ,fl[]s 9 summ] 7#h-ae dm4 high2 fl[]s purple7 ,g>d5 ,phlox1 ,phlox paniculata4 #c;b4 ,fl[]s 9 spr+ 7#c-f dm4 high7 --#d4 #d;a4 ,corolla blue-purple2 /ems asc5d+ ,sweet ,william1 ,phlox div>icata4 #d;b4 ,corolla p9k or r$-purple2 /ems erect ,sweet ,william1 ,phlox pilosa4 ,,hydrophyllaceae1 ! ,wat]-leaf ,family ,h]bs ) alt]nate lob$ or divid$ leaves & regul> fl[]s2 sepals #e2 petals #e1 unit$2 /am5s #e1 atta*$ to ! corolla-tube & project+ beyond x2 ov>y #a-;cell$4 #a;a4 ,leaves palmately ve9$ & lob$ 7#d-h dm4 high2 fl[]s purple1 e>ly summ]7 ,wat]-leaf1 ,hydrophyllum canad5se4 #a;b4 ,leaves p9nately ve9$ & lob$ 7#b-f dm4 high2 fl[]s blue or purple1 v>y+ to :ite7 --#b4 #b;a4 ,corolla-lobes mu* %ort] ?an ! corolla-tube 7summ]7 ,phacelia1 ,phacelia frankl9ii4 #b;b4 ,corolla-lobes mu* long] ?an ! corolla-tube 7late spr+ & summ]7 7,wat]-leaf7 --#c4 #c;a4 ,calyx ) a small reflex$ app5dage betwe5 ea* pair ( sepals ,wat]-leaf1 ,hydrophyllum app5diculatum4 #c;b4 ,calyx )\t app5dages ,wat]-leaf1 ,hydrophyllum virg9icum4 ,,borag9aceae1 ! ,borage ,family ,h]bs ) alt]nate entire leaves2 sepals #e2 petals #e1 unit$1 corolla g5]ally regul>2 /am5s #e1 atta*$ to ! corolla-tube2 ov>y deeply #d-lob$ ) a s+le /yle4 #a;a4 ,corolla r$di%-purple1 ab\t #h mm4 wide 7#d-aj dm4 high2 spr+7 ,h\nd's ,tongue1 ,cynoglossum (fic9ale4 #a;b4 ,corolla blue ) a yell[ c5t]1 #d-h mm4 wide 7#a-e dm4 high2 spr+ & e>ly summ]7 7,=get-me-n7 --#ac4 #a;c4 ,corolla deep orange1 salv]-=m 7#b-f dm4 high2 spr+7 7,puccoon7 --#ae4 #a;d4 ,corolla :ite or blue1 or lightly t+$ ) yell[ or r$ --#b4 #b;a4 ,corolla rotate1 ) a v %ort tube1 bright-blue1 ab\t #bj mm4 broad 7#c-h dm4 high2 summ]7 ,borage1 ,borago (fic9alis4 #b;b4 ,corolla tubul>1 funnel-=m1 or salv]-=m --#c4 #c;a4 ,corolla #aj mm4 long or m2 its tube di/9ctly long] ?an ! calyx --#d4 #c;b4 ,corolla less ?an #aj mm4 long2 its tube equal+ or %ort] ?an ! calyx --#h4 #d;a4 ,fl[]s yell[i%-:ite1 or some:at t+$ ) p9k or gre5i% --#e4 #d;b4 ,fl[]s blue or purple --#f4 #e;a4 ,corolla-lobes erect2 leaves sessile 7#c-h dm4 high2 e>ly summ]7 ,false ,gromwell2 ,onosmodium occid5tale4 #e;b4 ,corolla-lobes spread+2 leaves decurr5t 7#f-aj dm4 high2 summ]7 ,comfrey1 ,symphytum (fic9ale4 #f;a4 ,/em & leaves glabr\s 7#c-f dm4 high2 spr+7 ,bluebell1 ,m]t5sia virg9ica4 #f;b4 ,/em & leaves pubesc5t 7#d-h dm4 high7 --#g4 #g;a4 ,corolla regul>2 leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate 7summ]7 ,bluebell1 ,m]t5sia paniculata4 #g;b4 ,corolla irregul>2 leaves l9e>-oblong 7summ]7 ,bluewe$1 ,e*ium vulg>e4 #h;a4 ,ov>y & fruit cov]$ ) hook$ prickles --#i4 #h;b4 ,ov>y & fruit n prickly --#ab4 #i;a4 ,pr9cipal leaves #b4e cm4 wide or m --#aj4 #i;b4 ,pr9cipal leaves #b cm4 wide or less 7#c-h dm4 high2 fl[]s blue or :ite1 summ]7 7,/ickse$7 --#aa4 #aj;a4 ,leaves *iefly basal1 ! racemes on long leafless p$uncles 7#d-h dm4 high2 fl[]s pale blue1 e>ly summ]7 ,wild ,comfrey1 ,cynoglossum boreale4 #aj;b4 ,/ems leafy 7#h-ab dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite1 summ]7 ,begg> ,lice1 ,lappula virg9iana4 #aa;a4 ,a bract at ! base ( ea* fl[] ,/ickse$1 ,lappula e*9ata4 #aa;b4 ,racemes )\t bracts at ! base ( ea* fl[] ,/ickse$1 ,lappula deflexa v>4 am]icana4 #ab;a4 ,racemes bractless1 or bract$ only at ! base 7#a-d dm4 high7 --#ad4 #ab;b4 ,raceme ) a bract at ! base ( ea* fl[] 7fl[]s :ite or yell[i%7 --#ag4 #ac;a4 ,corolla #d mm4 wide ,=get-me-n1 ,myosotis laxa4 #ac;b4 ,corolla #f-h mm4 wide ,=get-me-n1 ,myosotis scorpioides4 #ad;a4 ,calyx-lobes all ( equal l5g? 7summ]7 ,scorpion ,grass1 ,myosotis arv5sis4 #ad;b4 ,calyx-lobes di/9ctly unequal 9 l5g? 7spr+7 ,scorpion ,grass1 ,myosotis virg9ica4 #ae;a4 ,corolla-lobes d5ticulate ,puccoon1 ,li?osp]mum angu/ifolium4 #ae;b4 ,corolla-lobes entire --#af4 #af;a4 ,fl[]s sessile2 /em s(tly pubesc5t ,puccoon1 ,li?osp]mum canesc5s4 #af;b4 ,fl[]s on p$icels #b-e mm4 long2 /em hispid or bri/ly ,puccoon1 ,li?osp]mum gmel9i4 #ag;a4 ,corolla :ite2 fruit br[n & wr9kl$ 7we$ #b-d dm4 high2 spr+ & summ]7 ,corn ,gromwell1 ,li?osp]mum arv5se4 #ag;b4 ,corolla yell[i%-:ite2 fruit :ite & smoo? 7#e-aj dm4 high7 --#ah4 #ah;a4 ,corolla di/9ctly surpass+ ! calyx 9 l5g? 7spr+ & summ]7 ,corn ,gromwell1 ,li?osp]mum (fic9ale4 #ah;b4 ,corolla equal+ or %ort] ?an ! calyx 7spr+7 ,wild ,gromwell1 ,li?osp]mum latifolium4 ,,labiatae1 ! ,m9t ,family ,h]bs ) opposite leaves1 squ>e /ems1 & usually aromatic odor2 fl[]s irregul>1 ) unit$ petals1 or almo/ regul>2 /am5s #b or #d1 atta*$ to ! tube ( ! corolla2 ov>y deeply #d-lob$1 ) a s+le /yle4 #a;a4 ,/am5s #b --#b4 #a;b4 ,/am5s #d --#ae4 #b;a4 ,corolla regul> or ne>ly s2 fl[]s :ite1 9 d5se axill>y clu/]s2 plants usually ( wet gr\nds 7#b-h dm4 high2 summ] & autumn7 --#c4 #b;b4 ,corolla di/9ctly irregul> & m or less #b-lipp$ --#g4 #c;a4 ,calyx-tee? %ort1 triangul>1 acute or obtuse 7,bugle ,we$7 --#d4 #c;b4 ,calyx-tee? n>r[1 acum9ate or cuspidate 7,wat] ,ho>h\nd7 --#e4 #d;a4 ,/ems & /olons be>+ tub]s ,bugle ,we$1 ,lycopus uniflorus4 #d;b4 ,/ems & /olons n be>+ tub]s ,bugle ,we$1 ,lycopus virg9icus4 #e;a4 ,leaves s]rate2 calyx-tee? %>p-po9t$ --#f4 #e;b4 ,leaves co>sely incis$2 calyx-tee? awn-tipp$ ,wat] ,ho>h\nd1 ,lycopus am]icanus4 #f;a4 ,corolla twice z long z ! calyx2 leaves n>r[$ at ! base ,wat] ,ho>h\nd1 ,lycopus rubellus4 #f;b4 ,corolla b>ely long] ?an ! calyx2 leaves sessile or ne>ly s ,wat] ,ho>h\nd1 ,lycopus lucidus v>4 am]icanus4 #g;a4 ,corolla blue1 #c-d mm4 long2 fl[]s 9 loose axill>y clu/]s 7#a-d dm4 high2 summ]7 7,p5nyroyal7 --#h4 #g;b4 ,corolla #h-dj mm4 long --#i4 #h;a4 ,leaves s]rate ,p5nyroyal1 ,h$eoma pulegioides4 #h;b4 ,leaves l9e>1 entire ,p5nyroyal1 ,h$eoma hispida4 #i;a4 ,l[] lobe ( ! corolla fr+$1 v mu* long] ?an ! upp] 7#e-ae dm4 high2 corolla pale-yell[2 late summ]7 ,horse ,balm1 ,coll9sonia canad5sis4 #i;b4 ,l[] lobe ( ! corolla ne>ly or q z long z ! upp] & n fr+$ --#aj4 #aj;a4 ,calyx n>r[ly tubul>2 its tee? ab\t equal 9 size 7#e-aj dm4 high2 fl[]s 9 d5se t]m9al heads1 9 summ]7 --#aa4 #aj;b4 ,calyx campanulate1 #b ( its tee? diff]5t 9 size f ! o!r #c 7#d-h dm4 high2 fl[]s p9k-purple1 9 t]m9al clu/]s 9 summ]7 --#ad4 #aa;a4 ,corolla sc>let ,oswego ,tea1 ,mon>da didyma4 #aa;b4 ,corolla bright crimson or rose-r$ ,wild ,b]gamot1 ,mon>da fi/ulosa v>4 rubra4 #aa;c4 ,corolla :ite1 p9k1 pale-purple1 or yell[i% --#ab4 #ab;a4 ,fl[]-clu/]s all t]m9al --#ac4 #ab;b4 ,fl[]-clu/]s bo? t]m9al & axill>y ,horse ,m9t1 ,mon>da punctata4 #ac;a4 ,leaves & /em ) s(t spread+ pubesc5ce ,wild ,b]gamot1 ,mon>da fi/ulosa4 #ac;b4 ,leaves & /em grayi% ) f9e appress$ pubesc5ce ,wild ,b]gamot1 ,mon>da mollis4 #ad;a4 ,upp] calyx-tee? ab\t #c times z long z ! l[] ,blephilia1 ,blephilia hirsuta4 #ad;b4 ,upp] calyx-tee? b little long] ?an ! l[] ,blephilia1 ,blephilia ciliata4 #ae;a4 ,calyx ) a di/9ct protub]ance on ! back ( ! upp] side 7,skullcap7 --#af4 #ae;b4 ,calyx )\t a di/9ct protub]ance --#bj4 #af;a4 ,corolla #e-h mm4 long2 fl[]s 9 axill>y racemes 7#c-h dm4 high2 fl[]s blue1 9 summ]7 ,mad-dog ,skullcap1 ,scutell>ia lat]iflora4 #af;b4 ,corolla #f-aj mm4 long2 fl[]s axill>y1 solit>y 7#a-c dm4 high2 fl[]s violet1 e>ly summ]7 ,skullcap1 ,scutell>ia p>vula4 #af;c4 ,corolla #ab-cj mm4 long2 fl[]s axill>y or 9 t]m9al racemes 7#d-h dm4 high2 fl[]s blue1 summ]7 --#ag4 #ag;a4 ,/em-leaves cordate ,skullcap1 ,scutell>ia v]sicolor4 #ag;b4 ,/em-leaves n di/9ctly cordate --#ah4 #ah;a4 ,/em-leaves sessile or ne>ly s2 plant ( swamps & riv]-banks ,skullcap1 ,scutell>ia gal]iculata4 #ah;b4 ,/em-leaves ) petioles #a cm4 or m long2 plants ( dry or moi/ woods --#ai4 #ai;a4 ,/em gl&ul>-pubesc5t t[>d ! summit2 corolla #af mm4 long or less ,skullcap1 ,scutell>ia pilosa4 #ai;b4 ,/em n gl&ul>2 corolla #bj mm4 long ,skullcap1 ,scutell>ia incana4 #bj;a4 ,calyx-tee? #e1 all equal or ne>ly s at ! "t ( fl[]+ --#bh4 #bj;b4 ,calyx-tee? #e1 "o ( !m diff]5t 9 size & %ape f ! o!r f\r 7#b-f dm4 high2 fl[]s light blue1 summ]7 ,dragon ,head1 ,dracocephalum p>viflorum4 #bj;c4 ,calyx-tee? #e1 two ( !m diff]5t 9 size & %ape f ! o!r ?ree --#ba4 #bj;d4 ,calyx-tee? #aj1 subulate 7woolly plant #d-aj dm4 high1 ) :iti% fl[]s 9 axill>y clu/]s 9 summ]7 ,ho>h\nd1 ,m>rubium vulg>e4 #ba;a4 ,corolla deeply split on ! upp] side & ! /am5s protrud+2 upp] lip ( ! calyx mu* %ort] ?an ! l[] 7#e-aj dm4 high2 fl[]s p9k-purple1 9 t]m9al spikes1 summ]7 7,wood ,sage7 --#bb4 #ba;b4 ,corolla n deeply split on ! upp] side --#bc4 #bb;a4 ,calyx canesc5t ,wood ,sage1 ,teucrium canad5se4 #bb;b4 ,calyx vill\s ,wood ,sage1 ,teucrium occid5tale4 #bc;a4 ,fl[]s 9 d5se t]m9al head-l spikes1 none axill>y 7#a-e dm4 high2 fl[]s p9k-purple or blue1 9 summ]7 ,self-heal1 ,prunella vulg>is4 #bc;b4 ,"s or all ( ! fl[]s 9 axill>y clu/]s --#bd4 #bd;a4 ,leaves l9e>1 entire 7#a-d dm4 high2 fl[]s purple1 summ]7 --#be4 #bd;b4 ,leaves oblong to ovate 7summ]7 --#bf4 #be;a4 ,p$icels %ort] ?an ! calyx ,summ] ,savory1 ,satureja hort5sis4 #be;b4 ,p$icels mu* long] ?an ! calyx ,calam9t1 ,satureja glabra4 #bf;a4 ,leaves #a cm4 long or less1 entire 7/ems gr[+ 9 mats1 #a-c dm4 long2 fl[]s purple1 9 summ]7 ,wild ,?yme1 ,?ymus s]pyllum4 #bf;b4 ,leaves d5tate 7fl[]s purple1 summ]7 --#bg4 #bg;a4 ,fl[]s subt5d$ by bracts z long z ! calyx 7#b-e dm4 high7 ,basil1 ,satureja vulg>is4 #bg;b4 ,fl[]s ) m9ute bracts or none 7#a-c dm4 high7 ,basil-?yme1 ,satureja ac9os4 #bh;a4 ,corolla #b-lipp$ or ne>ly regul>1 ! upp] lip flatt5$1 n conspicu\sly ar*$ ov] ! /am5s --#bi4 #bh;b4 ,corolla conspicu\sly #b-lipp$1 ! /am5s asc5d+ "u ! concave upp] lip --#db4 #bi;a4 ,fl[]s 9 d5se t]m9al spikes2 corolla #b-lipp$ 7#h-ae dm4 high2 summ]7 --#cj4 #bi;b4 ,fl[]s p$uncl$1 #a-d 9 ! axils ( l9e> leaves --#be;b4 #bi;c4 ,fl[]s 9 _m-fl[]$ :orls1 :i* are axill>y or t]m9al1 or aggregat$ into t]m9al spikes or racemes --#ca4 #cj;a4 ,corolla yell[i% ,giant ,hyssop1 ,aga/a*e nepetoides4 #cj;b4 ,corolla purpli% ,giant ,hyssop1 ,aga/a*e scrophul>iaefolius4 #ca;a4 ,corolla di/9ctly irregul>1 ! l[] lip long] ?an ! upp] --#cb4 #ca;b4 ,corolla almo/ regul>1 ! lobes ne>ly uni=m 9 size --#ce4 #cb;a4 ,/em-leaves sessile or v ne>ly s 7fl[]s blue7 --#cc4 #cb;b4 ,/em-leaves long-petiol$ --#cd4 #cc;a4 ,leaves l9e>-oblong1 acute at bo? ends 7#c-h dm4 high2 summ]7 ,hyssop1 ,hyssopus (fic9alis4 #cc;b4 ,leaves oblong to ovate1 r\nd$ at ! ends 7#b-d dm4 high2 late spr+7 ,bugle1 ,ajuga reptans4 #cd;a4 ,leaves ovate to oblong1 acute2 fl[]s p9k1 :ite1 or pale purple 7#f-ae dm4 high2 summ]7 ,catnip1 ,nepeta cat>ia4 #cd;b4 ,leaves ne>ly circul> or kidney-%ape2 fl[]s blue 7creep+2 fl[]s 9 spr+ & summ]7 ,gr\nd ,ivy1 ,nepeta h$]acea4 #ce;a4 ,fl[]s 9 t]m9al spikes1 or ! l[] axill>y 7#c-h dm4 high2 fl[]s p9k-purple or :ite1 summ]7 7,m9t7 --#cf4 #ce;b4 ,fl[]s all 9 axill>y :orls 7fl[]s p9k-purple or :ite1 summ]7 7,m9t7 --#ch4 #ce;c4 ,fl[]s 9 t]m9al capitate corymb$ clu/]s 7#d-h dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite or dott$ ) purple1 summ]7 7,m\nta9 ,m9t7 --#da4 #cf;a4 ,leaves sessile or ) v %ort petiole ,spe>m9t1 ,m5?a spicata4 #cf;b4 ,leaves ) manife/ petioles --#cg4 #cg;a4 ,pr9cipal leaves less ?an half z broad z long ,pepp]m9t1 ,m5?a pip]ita4 #cg;b4 ,pr9cipal leaves m ?an half z broad z long ,b]gamot ,m9t1 ,m5?a citrata4 #ch;a4 ,/em glabr\s2 leaves ovate to obovate 7#d-h dm4 high7 ,d[ny ,m9t1 ,m5?a g5tilis4 #ch;b4 ,/em pubesc5t1 at lea/ on ! angles 7#a-f dm4 high7 --#ci4 #ci;a4 ,pr9cipal leaves di/9ctly petiol$ & some:at r\nd$ at base ,wild ,m9t1 ,m5?a arv5sis4 #ci;b4 ,leaves tap]+ to ! base --#dj4 #dj;a4 ,leaves & /em pubesc5t ,wild ,m9t1 ,m5?a arv5sis v>4 canad5sis4 #dj;b4 ,leaves glabr\s2 /em pubesc5t on ! angles only ,wild ,m9t1 ,m5?a arv5sis v>4 glabrata4 #da;a4 ,leaves l9e>2 calyx-tee? awl-%ape ,m\nta9 ,m9t1 ,pycnan!mum flexuosum4 #da;b4 ,leaves n>r[ly lanceolate2 calyx-tee? triangul>-ovate ,m\nta9 ,m9t1 ,pycnan!mum virg9ianum4 #db;a4 ,/ems decumb5t to diffuse2 leaves cordate to ne>ly circul> 7/ems #b-e dm4 long or high2 fl[]s 9 spr+ & summ]7 7,dead ,nettle7 --#dc4 #db;b4 ,/em erect2 leaves palmately cleft2 calyx-tee? sp9y 7#f-ae dm4 tall2 fl[]s p9k1 9 summ]7 ,mo!rwort1 ,leonurus c>diaca4 #db;c4 ,/ems erect or asc5d+2 leaves ovate-lanceolate to l9e> 7summ]7 --#de4 #dc;a4 ,upp] leaves closely sessile 7fl[]s r$-purple7 ,dead ,nettle1 ,lamium amplexicaule4 #dc;b4 ,leaves all petiol$ --#dd4 #dd;a4 ,fl[]s r$ or purple ,dead ,nettle1 ,lamium maculatum4 #dd;b4 ,fl[]s :ite ,dead ,nettle1 ,lamium album4 #de;a4 ,fl[]s #b-b4e cm4 long1 9 loose t]m9al spikes 7#e-aj dm4 tall2 fl[]s rose-color7 ,false ,dragon ,head1 ,physo/egia virg9iana4 #de;b4 ,fl[]s #a-b cm4 long1 9 axill>y & t]m9al spik$ :orls --#df4 #df;a4 ,calyx-tee? sp9y po9t$ 7fl[]s p9k or pale-purple7 7,hemp ,nettle7 --#dg4 #df;b4 ,calyx-tee? acute to awl-%ape1 b n sp9y 7#c-aj dm4 high2 fl[]s pale-purple7 7,h$ge ,nettle7 --#dh4 #dg;a4 ,leaves ovate 7#c-h dm4 high7 ,hemp ,nettle1 ,galeopsis tetrahit4 #dg;b4 ,leaves l9e> to lanceolate 7#a-d dm4 high7 ,hemp ,nettle1 ,galeopsis ladanum4 #dh;a4 ,leaves glabr\s --#di4 #dh;b4 ,leaves di/9ctly pubesc5t --#ej4 #di;a4 ,leaves ovate-lanceolate1 s]rate ,h$ge ,nettle1 ,/a*ys t5uifolia4 #di;b4 ,leaves l9e>-oblong1 entire or ne>ly s ,h$ge ,nettle1 ,/a*ys hyssopifolia4 #ej;a4 ,/em pubesc5t on ! angles alone2 leaves petiol$ ,h$ge ,nettle1 ,/a*ys t5uifolia v>4 asp]a4 #ej;b4 ,/em pubesc5t on bo? sides & angles2 leaves ne>ly sessile --#ea4 #ea;a4 ,leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate1 m ?an #a cm4 wide ,h$ge ,nettle1 ,/a*ys palu/ris4 #ea;b4 ,leaves l9e>-lanceolate1 #a cm4 wide or less ,h$ge ,nettle1 ,/a*ys ar5icola4 ,,v]b5aceae1 ! ,v]b5a ,family ,h]bs1 ) simple opposite leaves & slightly irregul> fl[]s 9 spikes or heads2 petals #e1 unit$ & be>+ ! #d /am5s 9 ! corolla-tube2 ov>y #a1 #b-;cell$ or #d-;cell$1 ) #a /yle4 #a;a4 ,plants pro/rate or spread+ --#b4 #a;b4 ,plants erect 7fl[]s 9 summ]7 7,v]va97 --#c4 #b;a4 ,leaves s]rate2 fl[]s 9 %ort d5se spikes 7fl[]s pale-blue1 summ]7 ,fog ,fruit1 ,lippia lanceolata4 #b;b4 ,leaves p9natifid2 fl[]s 9 loose bract$ spikes 7fl[]s light-purple1 summ]7 ,v]va91 ,v]b5a bracteosa4 #c;a4 ,spikes d5se1 cont9u\s 7fl[]s purple or blue1 v>y+ to :ite7 --#d4 #c;b4 ,spikes sl5d]1 int]rupt$1 ! fl[]s scatt]$ 7corolla :ite or pale-blue7 --#f4 #d;a4 ,leaves lanceolate1 manife/ly petiol$ 7#a-b m4 high7 ,v]va91 ,v]b5a ha/ata4 #d;b4 ,leaves sessile1 n lanceolate 7#e-h dm4 high7 --#e4 #e;a4 ,leaves n>r[ly oblanceolate1 tap]+ at ! entire base ,v]va91 ,v]b5a angu/ifolia4 #e;b4 ,leaves oblong to obovate1 n tap]+ at ! base ,v]va91 ,v]b5a /ricta4 #f;a4 ,leaves incis$1 tap]+ to a sessile base 7#e-aj dm4 high7 ,v]va91 ,v]b5a1 (fic9alis4 #f;b4 ,leaves s]rate1 petiol$ 7#a-b m4 high7 ,v]va91 ,v]b5a urticaefolia4 ,,solanaceae1 ! ,night%ade ,family ,h]bs or %rubs1 ) alt]nate leaves & regul> or slightly irregul> fl[]s2 sepals #e1 unit$2 corolla ( #e unit$ petals1 be>+ ! #e /am5s atta*$2 ov>y #a1 #b-e 7usually #b7-;cell$1 ) a sl5d] /yle4 #a;a4 ,corolla rotate2 an!rs close toge!r 7fl[]s 9 summ]7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,corolla n rotate2 an!rs sep>ate --#e4 #b;a4 ,/em & leaves prickly 7#c-h dm4 high7 --#c4 #b;b4 ,/em & leaves n prickly --#d4 #c;a4 ,fl[]s :ite or blui% ,horse ,nettle1 ,solanum c>ol95se4 #c;b4 ,fl[]s yell[ ,buffalo ,bur1 ,solanum ro/ratum4 #d;a4 ,climb+ v9e2 leaves frequ5tly lob$ 7fl[]s blue7 ,bitt]sweet1 ,solanum dulcam>a4 #d;b4 ,n climb+2 leaves too!d 7fl[]s :ite7 ,night%ade1 ,solanum nigrum4 #e;a4 ,climb+ or trail+ %rub1 ) purpli%1 :ite1 or gre5i% fl[]s ab\t #a cm4 wide 7frequ5tly ?orny2 fl[]s 9 summ]7 ,matrimony ,v9e1 ,lycium halimifolium4 #e;b4 ,h]bace\s plants1 n climb+ --#f4 #f;a4 ,fl[]s :ite1 r$1 or blue1 #b4e cm4 or m wide 7summ]7 --#g4 #f;b4 ,fl[]s yell[1 yell[i%-:ite1 or gre5i%-yell[ 7summ]7 --#ab4 #g;a4 ,corolla-tube #aj cm4 long or m 7#e-ab dm4 high7 --#h4 #g;b4 ,corolla-tube #e cm4 long or less --#aj4 #h;a4 ,/em f9ely pubesc5t2 leaves entire or ne>ly s ,?orn-apple1 ,datura metel4 #h;b4 ,/em glabr\s2 leaves co>sely too!d 7,jimson ,we$7 --#i4 #i;a4 ,/em gre52 corolla :ite ,jimson ,we$1 ,datura /ramonium4 #i;b4 ,/em purple2 corolla light-blue or purple ,jimson ,we$1 ,datura tatula4 #aj;a4 ,corolla pale-blue 7#e-aj dm4 high7 ,apple ( ,p]u1 ,nic&ra physalodes4 #aj;b4 ,corolla1 r$ or violet 7#b-d dm4 high7 ,petunia1 ,petunia violacea4 #aj;c4 ,corolla :ite --#aa4 #aa;a4 ,corolla all :ite 7#b-d dm4 high7 ,petunia1 ,petunia axill>is4 #aa;b4 ,corolla ) yell[ c5t] ,:ite ,gr\nd ,*]ry1 ,physalis gr&iflora4 #ab;a4 ,corolla #cj mm4 wide or m1 some:at irregul>2 /am5s decl9$ to "o side 7#c-f dm4 high7 ,h5bane1 ,hyoscyamus nig]4 #ab;b4 ,corolla small]1 /rictly regul> --#ac4 #ac;a4 ,fl[]s 9 t]m9al panicles2 corolla tubul>1 ) slightly spread+ lobes 7#e-aj dm4 high7 ,wild ,tobacco1 ,nicotiana ru/ica4 #ac;b4 ,fl[]s solit>y 9 ! axils2 corolla %ort1 widely spread+ 7#c-h dm4 high7 7,gr\nd ,*]ry7 --#ad4 #ad;a4 ,annuals ) bran*+ sl5d] roots --#ae4 #ad;b4 ,p]5nials ) ?ick5$ roots & root/ocks --#af4 #ae;a4 ,plants pubesc5t ,gr\nd ,*]ry1 ,physalis pubesc5s4 #ae;b4 ,plants smoo?1 or ) a few scatt]$ hairs ,gr\nd ,*]ry1 ,physalis ixoc>pa4 #af;a4 ,/em viscid-pubesc5t ,gr\nd ,*]ry1 ,physalis het]ophylla4 #af;b4 ,/em glabr\s or slightly pubesc5t1 n viscid --#ag4 #ag;a4 ,leaves & /em di/9ctly pubesc5t ,gr\nd ,*]ry1 ,physalis virg9iana4 #ag;b4 ,leaves & /em almo/ glabr\s ,gr\nd ,*]ry1 ,physalis subglabrata4 ,,scrophul>iaceae1 ! ,figwort ,family ,h]bs ) opposite or alt]nate leaves & usually irregul> fl[]s2 corolla ( unit$ petals1 be>+ ! #b or #d 7or r>ely #e7 /am5s atta*$2 petals actually #e1 b sometimes app>5tly only #b or #d2 a /]ile fif? /am5 sometimes pres5t2 ov>y sup]ior1 #b-;cell$4 #a;a4 ,an!r-be>+ /am5s #e 7#f-ae dm4 high2 fl[]s 9 summ]7 7,mulle97 --#b4 #a;b4 ,an!r-be>+ /am5s #d2 a /]ile fif? /am5 may or may n be pres5t --#c4 #a;c4 ,an!r-be>+ /am5s #b --#cg4 #b;a4 ,leaves d5sely :ite-woolly2 fl[]s yell[1 9 d5se spikes ,mulle91 ,v]bascum ?apsus4 #b;b4 ,leaves smoo? or ne>ly s2 fl[]s yell[ or :ite1 9 loose racemes ,mo? ,mulle91 ,v]bascum blatt>ia4 #c;a4 ,fl[]s 7n ! bracts7 gre5i%-yell[1 yell[1 or orange --#d4 #c;b4 ,fl[]s blue1 purple1 br[n1 r$1 p9k1 or :ite1 nev] yell[ --#af4 #d;a4 ,fl[]s 9 d5se t]m9al leafy-bract$ spikes --#e4 #d;b4 ,fl[]s 9 loose racemes or axill>y --#i4 #e;a4 ,corolla #g mm4 long or less1 or none --#f4 #e;b4 ,corolla #ab mm4 long or m --#g4 #f;a4 ,leaves alt]nate 7#c-f dm4 high2 e>ly summ]7 ,syn?yris1 ,syn?yris bullii4 #f;b4 ,leaves opposite 7#a-b dm4 high2 summ]7 ,eyebright1 ,euphrasia arctica4 #g;a4 ,/em-leaves entire 7#b-f dm4 high2 summ]7 ,pa9t$ ,cup1 ,ca/illeja pallida v>4 sept5trionalis4 #g;b4 ,/em-leaves palmately lob$1 bracteal leaves sc>let 7#c-f dm4 high2 e>ly summ]7 ,pa9t$ ,cup1 ,ca/illeja cocc9ea4 #g;c4 ,/em-leaves p9nately lob$ or incis$ 7,l\sewort7 --#h4 #h;a4 ,fl[]s 9 spr+ 7#b-d dm4 high7 ,l\sewort1 ,p$icul>is canad5sis4 #h;b4 ,fl[]s 9 late summ] 7#c-h dm4 high7 ,l\sewort1 ,p$icul>is lanceolata4 #i;a4 ,upp] lip ( ! corolla v diff]5t 9 size & %ape f ! l[] lip --#aj4 #i;b4 ,upp] lip ( ! corolla resembl+ ! l[] lip 9 %ape1 & n v diff]5t 9 size 7#e-ab dm4 high2 summ]7 7,false ,foxglove7 --#ac4 #aj;a4 ,leaves alt]nate 7#b-e dm4 high2 summ]7 ,butt]-&-eggs1 ,l9>ia vulg>is4 #aj;b4 ,leaves opposite --#aa4 #aa;a4 ,/em erect2 leaves n>r[$ at ! base --#cj;b4 #aa;b4 ,/em creep+ or spread+ 7summ]7 --#ab4 #ab;a4 ,leaves p9nately ve9$1 ovate ,musk ,fl[]1 ,mimulus mos*atus4 #ab;b4 ,leaves palmately ve9$1 circul> or ne>ly s ,yell[ ,monkey ,fl[]1 ,mimulus glabratus v>4 jamesii4 #ac;a4 ,/em glabr\s --#ad4 #ac;b4 ,/em pubesc5t --#ae4 #ad;a4 ,pr9cipal /em-leaves p9natifid ,false ,foxglove1 ,g]>dia virg9ica4 #ad;b4 ,pr9cipal /em-leaves entire ,false ,foxglove1 ,g]>dia laevigata4 #ae;a4 ,corolla hairy on ! outside ,false ,foxglove1 ,g]>dia p$icul>ia4 #ae;b4 ,corolla smoo? on ! outside ,false ,foxglove1 ,g]>dia flava4 #af;a4 ,leaves all basal2 fl[]s on leafless /alks 7#a dm4 high or less2 fl[]s p9k or :ite1 summ]7 ,mudwort1 ,limosella aquatica v>4 t5uifolia4 #af;b4 ,leaves opposite 7^? subt5d+ ! fl[]s may be alt]nate7 --#bj4 #af;c4 ,leaves alt]nate or irregul>ly scatt]$ --#ag4 #ag;a4 ,leaves entire --#ah4 #ag;b4 ,leaves p9nately lob$ or incis$ --#h;a4 #ag;c4 ,leaves palmately ve9$ & lob$2 /em trail+ 7fl[]s blue1 summ]7 ,k5ilwor? ,ivy1 ,l9>ia cymbal>ia4 #ah;a4 ,corolla-tube less ?an #a cm4 long1 spurr$ --#ai4 #ah;b4 ,corolla m ?an #b cm4 long1 n spurr$ 7#c-h dm4 high2 fl[]s r$-purple1 summ]7 ,snapdragon1 ,antirrh9um majus4 #ai;a4 ,/em & foliage pubesc5t 7#a-c dm4 high2 fl[]s blue1 summ]7 ,small ,snapdragon1 ,l9>ia m9or4 #ai;b4 ,/em & foliage glabr\s 7#b-f dm4 high2 fl[]s blue1 summ]7 ,toad-flax1 ,l9>ia canad5sis4 #bj;a4 ,leaves ) #a or #b lobes ne> ! base 7#c-e dm4 high2 fl[]s purple1 summ]7 ,g]>dia1 ,g]>dia auriculata4 #bj;b4 ,leaves l9e> 7#b-f dm4 high2 fl[]s rose-purple1 summ] & autumn7 7,g]>dia7 --#ba4 #bj;c4 ,leaves lanceolate or broad]1 n lob$ --#bf4 #ba;a4 ,p$icels equal+ or b little long] ?an ! calyx1 & conspicu\sly %ort] ?an ! subt5d+ leaf --#bb4 #ba;b4 ,p$icels mu* long] ?an ! calyx1 & g5]ally equal+ or exce$+ ! subt5d+ leaf --#bd4 #bb;a4 ,plants ( moi/ gr\nd1 bogs1 & %ores --#bc4 #bb;b4 ,plants ( dry upl&s ,g]>dia1 ,g]>dia asp]a4 #bc;a4 ,corolla ab\t #be mm4 long ,g]>dia1 ,g]>dia purpurea4 #bc;b4 ,corolla less ?an #bj mm4 long ,g]>dia1 ,g]>dia paup]cula4 #bd;a4 ,/em r\gh on ! angles --#be4 #bd;b4 ,/em glabr\s ,g]>dia1 ,g]>dia t5uifolia4 #be;a4 ,leaves #b-e mm4 wide ,g]>dia1 ,g]>dia t5uifolia v>4 macrophylla4 #be;b4 ,leaves ?read-l1 #a mm4 wide or less ,g]>dia1 ,g]>dia sk9n]iana4 #bf;a4 ,corolla #af mm4 long1 or %ort] --#bg4 #bf;b4 ,corolla #bj mm4 long1 or long] --#cb4 #bg;a4 ,corolla dull-purple1 br[n1 or gre5i%2 "o /]ile /am5 pres5t 7#a-b4e m4 high2 fl[]s 9 summ]7 7,figwort7 --#bh4 #bg;b4 ,corolla blue or :ite 7#a-d dm4 high7 --#bi4 #bh;a4 ,/]ile /am5 purple ,figwort1 ,scrophul>ia m>il&ica4 #bh;b4 ,/]ile /am5 yell[ ,figwort1 ,scrophul>ia leporella4 #bi;a4 ,fl[]s ne>ly or q sessile 7summ]7 --#cj4 #bi;b4 ,fl[]s on p$icels #aj mm4 long or m 7spr+7 --#ca4 #cj;a4 ,foliage-leaves prom95tly too!d --#f;b4 #cj;b4 ,foliage-leaves entire1 or ) #a or #b small tee? at ! base ,c[ ,:eat1 ,melampyrum l9e>e4 #ca;a4 ,corolla m ?an #aj mm4 long1 blue & :ite ,blue-ey$ ,m>y1 ,coll9sia v]na4 #ca;b4 ,corolla #e-h mm4 long1 blue & :ite ,coll9sia1 ,coll9sia p>viflora4 #cb;a4 ,fl[]s solit>y 9 ! axils ( ! upp] foliage-leaves 7#d-h dm4 high2 fl[]s blue1 9 summ]7 7,monkey ,fl[]7 --#cc4 #cb;b4 ,fl[]s 9 d5se t]m9al or subt]m9al spikes 7#c-i dm4 high2 summ]7 --#cd4 #cb;c4 ,fl[]s 9 loose t]m9al panicles 7fl[]s :ite or pale-violet7 7,be>d-tongue7 --#ce4 #cc;a4 ,leaves clasp+ at ! base ,monkey ,fl[]1 ,mimulus r+5s4 #cc;b4 ,leaves petiol$1 n clasp+ ,monkey ,fl[]1 ,mimulus alatus4 #cd;a4 ,/em & foliage glabr\s 7fl[]s :ite7 ,turtlehead1 ,*elone glabra4 #cd;b4 ,/em & foliage pubesc5t 7fl[]s purple7 ,blue ,he>ts1 ,bu*n]a am]icana4 #ce;a4 ,/em f9ely pubesc5t 7#c-f dm4 high2 fl[]s pale-violet1 late spr+7 ,be>d-tongue1 ,p5t/emon hirsutus4 #ce;b4 ,/em glabr\s bel[ ! infloresc5ce 7#f-ab dm4 high7 --#cf4 #cf;a4 ,corolla-tube gradually enl>g$ f base to tip 7fl[]s pale-violet1 9 e>ly summ]7 ,be>d-tongue1 ,p5t/emon laevigatus4 #cf;b4 ,corolla-tube abruptly enl>g$ j beyond ! calyx 7fl[]s :ite1 e>ly summ]7 ,be>d-tongue1 ,p5t/emon laevigatus v>4 digitalis4 #cg;a4 ,corolla di/9ctly irregul>1 #b-lipp$ 7#a-d dm4 high2 fl[]s yell[i% or :ite1 summ]7 --#ch4 #cg;b4 ,corolla regul> or ne>ly s & #b-lob$1 or none --#f;a4 #cg;c4 ,corolla regul> or ne>ly s1 #d-lob$ --#dj4 #ch;a4 ,leaves n>r[$ at ! base1 ) mid-ve9 ,h$ge ,hyssop1 ,gratiola virg9iana4 #ch;b4 ,leaves r\nd$ or some:at clasp+ at ! base1 ) #c-e pr9cipal ve9s 7,false ,pimp]nel7 --#ci4 #ci;a4 ,p$uncles long] ?an ! subt5d+ leaves ,false ,pimp]nel1 ,ilysan!s anagallidea4 #ci;b4 ,p$uncles %ort] ?an ! subt5d+ leaves ,false ,pimp]nel1 ,ilysan!s dubia4 #dj;a4 ,leaves :orl$ 7#h-bj dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite or pale-blue1 9 spikes1 summ]7 ,culv]'s ,root1 ,v]onica virg9ica4 #dj;b4 ,leaves alt]nate or opposite 7,spe$well7 --#da4 #da;a4 ,fl[]s 9 racemes1 :i* arise f ! axils ( ! opposite leaves 7fl[]s pale-blue to ne>ly :ite1 late spr+ & summ]7 --#db4 #da;b4 ,fl[]s solit>y 9 ! axils ( leaf-l bracts1 or 9 t]m9al bract$ racemes 7#a-d dm4 high2 spr+ & summ]7 --#df4 #db;a4 ,/em & foliage glabr\s2 swamp plants #b-g dm4 high --#dc4 #db;b4 ,/em & foliage pubesc5t2 plants ( dry gr\nd1 #a-c dm4 high --#de4 #dc;a4 ,leaves l9e> or n>r[ly lanceolate ,m>% ,spe$well1 ,v]onica scutellata4 #dc;b4 ,leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate --#dd4 #dd;a4 ,/em-leaves sessile & some:at clasp+ ,wat] ,spe$well1 ,v]onica anagallis-aquatica4 #dd;b4 ,/em-leaves on %ort petioles ,brooklime1 ,v]onica am]icana4 #de;a4 ,leaves n>r[$ at base into a petiole ,spe$well1 ,v]onica (fic9alis4 #de;b4 ,leaves r\nd$ or he>t-%ape at ! base ,spe$well1 ,v]onica *ama$rys4 #df;a4 ,bracteal leaves entire2 /em glabr\s or m9utely pubesc5t --#dg4 #df;b4 ,all leaves s]rate2 foliage pubesc5t 7fl[]s blue7 --#dh4 #dg;a4 ,fl[]s :ite1 ab\t #b mm4 wide ,spe$well1 ,v]onica p]egr9a4 #dg;b4 ,fl[]s pale-blue ) d>k] /ripes1 #c-d mm4 wide ,spe$well1 ,v]onica s]pyllifolia4 #dh;a4 ,fl[]s ne>ly sessile1 ab\t #b mm4 wide ,spe$well1 ,v]onica arv5sis4 #dh;b4 ,fl[]s on sl5d] p$icels1 #e-h mm4 wide ,spe$well1 ,v]onica t\rne=tii4 ,,l5tibul>iaceae1 ! ,bladd]wort ,family ,small h]bs1 gr[+ on rocks1 9 mud1 or 9 wat]2 calyx & corolla bo? #b-lipp$2 /am5s #b1 atta*$ to ! corolla2 ov>y #a-;cell$4 #a;a4 ,corolla purple --#b4 #a;b4 ,corolla yell[ 7fl[]s 9 summ]7 7,bladd]wort7 --#d4 #b;a4 ,leaves oval to elliptical1 entire 7ab\t #a dm4 high1 on rocks2 fl[]s 9 summ]7 ,butt]wort1 ,p+uicula vulg>is4 #b;b4 ,leaves dissect$ or none1 subm]g$ 7fl[]s 9 summ]7 7,bladd]wort7 --#c4 #c;a4 ,fl[]-/alk ) a s+le bract ne> ! middle ,bladd]wort1 ,utricul>ia resup9ata4 #c;b4 ,fl[]-/alk )\t bracts1 except at ! base ( ! p$icels ,bladd]wort1 ,utricul>ia purpurea4 #d;a4 ,/em & num]\s dissect$ leaves float+ 9 wat] ,bladd]wort1 ,utricul>ia vulg>is v>4 am]icana4 #d;b4 ,/em & m9ute leaves creep+ on ! bottom ( ponds or 9 mud1 :ile ! fl[]s are borne on erect /alks1 easily deta*$ f ! delicate /ems --#e4 #e;a4 ,upp] lip ( corolla conspicu\s1 z long or ne>ly z long z ! l[] lip2 l[] lip ) a prom95t rais$ palate --#f4 #e;b4 ,upp] lip ( corolla half z long z ! l[] lip1 or less --#g4 #f;a4 ,spur ( corolla v %ort & blunt ,bladd]wort1 ,utricul>ia gibba4 #f;b4 ,spur ( corolla v long & sl5d] ,bladd]wort1 ,utricul>ia cornuta4 #g;a4 ,spur ( corolla v %ort & blunt1 or almo/ none ,bladd]wort1 ,utricul>ia m9or4 #g;b4 ,spur ( corolla long & sl5d] ,bladd]wort1 ,utricul>ia int]m$ia4 ,,oroban*aceae1 ! ,broom-rape ,family ,p>asitic plants )\t gre5 color & ) scales 9 place ( leaves2 corolla #b-lipp$1 ( unit$ petals2 /am5s #d1 atta*$ to ! corolla4 #a;a4 ,fl[]s 9 a widely bran*+ panicle1 num]\s2 gr[+ "u bee* trees 7#a-e dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite & purple1 late summ]7 ,bee* ,drops1 ,epifagus virg9iana4 #a;b4 ,fl[]s sessile 9 a d5se bract$ spike 7#a-b dm4 high2 fl[]s pale-yell[1 e>ly summ]7 ,squaw-root1 ,conopholis am]icana4 #a;c4 ,fl[]s #a-ae1 ea* on a long erect nak$ p$uncle 7#a-b dm4 high2 fl[]s yell[i% or pale-violet1 spr+ & summ]7 7,canc]-root7 --#b4 #b;a4 ,/em erect & scaly1 #e-aj cm4 high ,canc]-root1 ,oroban*e fasciculata4 #b;b4 ,/em v %ort1 almo/ bel[ ! surface ( ! gr\nd1 ) long erect p$uncles ,canc]-root1 ,oroban*e uniflora4 ,,acan?aceae1 ! ,acan?us ,family ,h]bs ) opposite simple leaves2 corolla ( unit$ petals1 #b-lipp$ or almo/ regul>2 /am5s #b or #d1 atta*$ to ! corolla2 ov>y #b-;cell$4 #a;a4 ,corolla ab\t #aj mm4 long2 fl[]s 9 d5se heads 7#d-aj dm4 high2 fl[]s blue or :ite1 summ]7 ,wat] ,will[1 ,dian!ra am]icana4 #a;b4 ,corolla ab\t #cj mm4 long2 fl[]s axill>y 7#c-h dm4 high2 fl[]s blue1 9 summ]7 7,ruellia7 --#b4 #b;a4 ,foliage glabr\s or slightly pubesc5t ,ruellia1 ,ruellia /rep5s4 #b;b4 ,foliage d5sely hirsute ,ruellia1 ,ruellia ciliosa4 ,,phrymaceae1 ! ,lopse$ ,family ,h]b ) opposite leaves & irregul> fl[]s 9 long sl5d] spikes2 petals unit$1 corolla #b-lipp$2 /am5s #d1 atta*$ to ! corolla2 ov>y #a-;cell$4 ,"o species only1 #e-aj dm4 high2 fl[]s purple1 9 summ] ,lopse$1 ,phryma lepto/a*ya4 ,,plantag9aceae1 ! ,planta9 ,family ,h]bs ) basal leaves & small :ite fl[]s 9 spikes2 sepals #d2 petals #d1 unit$2 /am5s #d2 ov>y #b-;cell$4 #a;a4 ,leaves l9e> 7#a-d dm4 high2 summ]7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,leaves broad]1 lanceolate to broadly ovate or cordate 7summ]7 --#c4 #b;a4 ,spikes mix$ ) bracts sev]al times long] ?an ! fl[]s ,buckhorn1 ,plantago ari/ata4 #b;b4 ,bracts ab\t z long z ! fl[]s ,planta91 ,plantago pur%ii4 #c;a4 ,leaves cordate1 p9nately ve9$2 plant ( wet gr\nd & m>%es 7#d-h dm4 tall7 ,planta91 ,plantago cordata4 #c;b4 ,leaves ) #c to _m longitud9al ribs or ve9s --#d4 #d;a4 ,leaves d5sely pubesc5t ) grayi% hairs --#e4 #d;b4 ,leaves smoo? or slightly pubesc5t --#f4 #e;a4 ,fl[]-/alks #c-f dm4 high ,planta91 ,plantago m$ia4 #e;b4 ,fl[]-/alks less ?an #c dm4 high ,planta91 ,plantago virg9ica4 #f;a4 ,fl[]-/alks #c-f dm4 high2 spikes n ov] #aj cm4 long ,engli% ,planta91 ,plantago lanceolata4 #f;b4 ,scapes #a-d dm4 high2 spikes long & sl5d]1 usually equal+ or long] ?an ! p$uncle2 doory>d planta9s --#g4 #g;a4 ,leaves gre5 at ! base ,planta91 ,plantago major4 #g;b4 ,leaves r$di% at ! base ,planta91 ,plantago rugelii4 ,,rubiaceae1 ! ,madd] family ,h]bs or %rubs1 ) opposite or :orl$ leaves & regul> fl[]s2 sepals #d1 or m9ute or almo/ want+2 petals #d1 unit$2 /am5s #d2 ov>y inf]ior4 #a;a4 ,%rub 7#a-c m4 tall2 fl[]s :ite1 9 sph]ical heads1 summ]7 ,button ,bu%1 ,cephalan?us occid5talis4 #a;b4 ,h]bace\s --#b4 #b;a4 ,leaves opposite --#c4 #b;b4 ,leaves :orl$2 fl[]s :ite1 gre51 or purple 7,b$/raw7 --#f4 #b;c4 ,leaves :orl$2 fl[]s yell[ ,b$/raw1 ,galium v]um4 #c;a4 ,leaves ab\t z long z wide 7trail+2 fl[]s pair$1 :ite1 9 spr+7 ,p>tridge ,b]ry1 ,mit*ella rep5s4 #c;b4 ,leaves at lea/ twice z long z wide --#d4 #d;a4 ,corolla salv]-=m1 ab\t #a cm4 wide2 p$uncles #a-;fl[]$ 7ab\t #a dm4 high2 fl[]s blue or :ite1 9 spr+7 ,bluets1 ,h\/onia co]ulea4 #d;b4 ,corolla funnel-=m1 ab\t #e mm4 wide2 fl[]s 9 clu/]s 7#a-b dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite or pale-purple1 summ]7 7,h\/onia7 --#e4 #e;a4 ,basal leaves /rongly ciliate ,h\/onia1 ,h\/onia ciliolata4 #e;b4 ,basal leaves smoo? ,h\/onia1 ,h\/onia longifolia4 #f;a4 ,leaves 9 :orls ( #d-g4 #f;b4 ,leaves 9 :orls ( #f-h --#af4 #g;a4 ,ov>y & fruit hispid ) hook$ bri/les 7#c-g dm4 high2 summ]7 --#h4 #g;b4 ,ov>y & fruit n bri/ly 7e>ly summ]7 --#aa4 #h;a4 ,leaves ) #a pr9cipal ve9 7fl[]s dull purple7 ,b$/raw1 ,galium pilosum4 #h;b4 ,leaves ) #c pr9cipal ve9s --#i4 #i;a4 ,fl[]s bright-:ite ,b$/raw1 ,galium boreale4 #i;b4 ,fl[]s gre5i%1 yell[i%1 or purpli% --#aj4 #aj;a4 ,leaves acum9ate ,b$/raw1 ,galium lanceolatum4 #aj;b4 ,leaves acute or obtuse ,b$/raw1 ,galium circaezans4 #aa;a4 ,corolla-lobes #c 7#b-f dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite or gre5i%7 --#ab4 #aa;b4 ,corolla-lobes #d --#ac4 #ab;a4 ,fl[]s 9 clu/]s ( #b or #c ,b$/raw1 ,galium claytoni4 #ab;b4 ,fl[]s solit>y 9 ! axils1 on long hair-l p$icels ,b$/raw1 ,galium trifidum4 #ac;a4 ,corolla br[ni% or purple 7#c-f dm4 high7 ,b$/raw1 ,galium latifolium4 #ac;b4 ,corolla :ite 7#a-d dm4 high7 --#ad4 #ad;a4 ,fl[]s r num]\s 9 small cymes ,b$/raw1 ,galium palu/re4 #ad;b4 ,fl[]s 9 clu/]s ( #b or #c1 or solit>y --#ae4 #ae;a4 ,pr9cipal leaves spread+ or asc5d+ ,b$/raw1 ,galium t9ctorium4 #ae;b4 ,pr9cipal leaves recurv$ or reflex$ ,b$/raw1 ,galium labradoricum4 #af;a4 ,ov>y & fruit bri/ly or hispid --#ag4 #af;b4 ,ov>y & fruit n bri/ly 7summ]7 --#ah4 #ag;a4 ,leaves n>r[ly lanceolate to l9e>1 mo/ly #f-h 9 a :orl 7/em #e-ae dm4 long2 fl[]s :ite2 spr+ & summ]7 ,b$/raw1 ,galium ap>9e4 #ag;b4 ,leaves n>r[ly oval or elliptical1 mo/ly 9 :orls ( #f2 fl[]s 9 clu/]s ( #c 7#a-e dm4 high2 fl[]s gre5i%1 summ]7 ,b$/raw1 ,galium triflorum4 #ah;a4 ,leaves cuspidate or mucronate at ! apex 7fl[]s :ite7 --#ai4 #ah;b4 ,leaves obtuse at ! apex 7fl[]s :ite or gre5i%2 #b-f dm4 high7 --#bj4 #ai;a4 ,fl[]s v num]\s 9 t]m9al panicles 7/em #c-h dm4 long7 ,b$/raw1 ,galium mollugo4 #ai;b4 ,fl[]s 9 axill>y clu/]s 7#a-c dm4 high7 ,b$/raw1 ,galium tricorne4 #ai;c4 ,fl[]s few1 9 small loose t]m9al cymes --#bj4 #bj;a4 ,/em smoo? or ne>ly s 7#b-d dm4 high7 ,b$/raw1 ,galium conc9num4 #bj;b4 ,/em hispid ) reflex$ bri/les 7#e-ae dm4 long7 ,b$/raw1 ,galium asprellum4 ,,caprifoliaceae1 ! ,honeysuckle ,family ,%rubs or h]bs1 ) opposite leaves2 corolla regul> or irregul>1 petals #d or #e1 unit$2 /am5s #d or #e2 ov>y inf]ior1 #a-e-;cell$4 #a;a4 ,leaves comp\nd 7%rubs #a-d m4 high2 fl[]s :ite1 9 l>ge clu/]s 9 e>ly summ]7 7,eld]7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,leaves simple --#c4 #b;a4 ,pi? ( ! twigs :ite2 infloresc5ce flatt5$ or convex ,eld]1 ,sambucus canad5sis4 #b;b4 ,pi? ( ! twigs br[n2 infloresc5ce pyramidal ,eld]1 ,sambucus racemosa4 #c;a4 ,plant trail+2 fl[]s nodd+1 9 pairs 7#a dm4 high2 fl[]s p9k1 summ]7 ,tw9 ,fl[]1 ,l9naea borealis v>4 am]icana4 #c;b4 ,erect h]bs 7#f-ab dm4 high2 fl[]s dull-r$1 axill>y1 e>ly summ]7 7,fev]wort7 --#d4 #c;c4 ,%rubs1 small trees1 or woody v9es --#e4 #d;a4 ,leaf-bases broadly connate & #b-e cm4 wide ,fev]wort1 ,trio/eum p]foliatum4 #d;b4 ,leaf-bases n>r[ly connate1 n ov] #a cm4 wide ,fev]wort1 ,trio/eum aurantiacum4 #e;a4 ,climb+ v9es 7spr+ & e>ly summ]7 7,honeysuckle7 --#f4 #e;b4 ,erect or spread+ %rubs or small trees --#aa4 #f;a4 ,fl[]s 9 #b-;fl[]$ axill>y clu/]s 7fl[]s :ite or p9k7 ,honeysuckle1 ,lonic]a japonica4 #f;b4 ,fl[]s 9 t]m9al clu/]s --#g4 #g;a4 ,leaves di/9ctly pubesc5t b5ea? 7fl[]s yell[7 --#h4 #g;b4 ,leaves glabr\s b5ea?1 or v m9utely pub]ul5t --#i4 #h;a4 ,leaves pubesc5t above ,honeysuckle1 ,lonic]a hirsuta4 #h;b4 ,leaves glabr\s above ,honeysuckle1 ,lonic]a glaucesc5s4 #i;a4 ,corolla purple on ! outside1 glabr\s )9 ,honeysuckle1 ,lonic]a caprifolium4 #i;b4 ,corolla yell[ on ! outside 7or slightly t+$ ) purple71 pubesc5t )9 --#aj4 #aj;a4 ,corolla-tube #f-h mm4 long ,honeysuckle1 ,lonic]a dioica4 #aj;b4 ,corolla-tube #aa-ad mm4 long ,honeysuckle1 ,lonic]a sullivantii4 #aa;a4 ,corolla tubul> at base2 /yle long & sl5d] --#ab4 #aa;b4 ,corolla rotate or some:at bell-%ape1 /yle v %ort 7fl[]s :ite1 late spr+ or e>ly summ]7 --#bb4 #ab;a4 ,fl[]s yell[ or yell[i% 7spr+ & e>ly summ]7 --#ac4 #ab;b4 ,fl[]s :ite1 p9k1 or r$ --#ah4 #ac;a4 ,leaves s]rate 7#e-aj dm4 tall7 ,bu% ,honeysuckle1 ,di]villa lonic]a4 #ac;b4 ,leaves entire2 fl[]s 9 pairs 7,honeysuckle7 --#ad4 #ad;a4 ,ea* pair ( fl[]s subt5d$ by #b broad leaf-l bracts 7#a-c m4 high7 ,honeysuckle1 ,lonic]a involucrata4 #ad;b4 ,bracts at ! base ( ea* pair ( fl[]s l9e> or n>r[ly lanceolate --#ae4 #ae;a4 ,native species ( woods & bogs --#af4 #ae;b4 ,introduc$ species1 gr[+ mo/ly ne> dwell+s2 leaves v pubesc5t b5ea? ,honeysuckle1 ,lonic]a xylo/eum4 #af;a4 ,p$uncles #ae mm4 long or m 7#a-d m4 high7 --#ag4 #af;b4 ,p$uncles ab\t #e mm4 long 7#a m4 high1 or less7 ,honeysuckle1 ,lonic]a co]ulea v>4 villosa4 #ag;a4 ,leaves ciliate ,honeysuckle1 ,lonic]a canad5sis4 #ag;b4 ,leaves n ciliate ,honeysuckle1 ,lonic]a oblongifolia4 #ah;a4 ,corolla irregul>1 ov] #a cm4 long 7#a-d m4 high2 spr+7 ,honeysuckle1 ,lonic]a tat>ica4 #ah;b4 ,corolla regul>1 less ?an #a cm4 long 7#e-ae dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite or p9k1 9 axill>y clu/]s1 e>ly summ]7 --#ai4 #ai;a4 ,fl[]s 9 axill>y spikes ,wolfb]ry1 ,symphoric>pos occid5talis4 #ai;b4 ,fl[]s almo/ sessile 9 ! axils --#bj4 #bj;a4 ,fl[]s num]\s 9 ea* axil ,indian ,currant1 ,symphoric>pos orbiculatus4 #bj;b4 ,fl[]s #a or #b 9 ea* axil 7,sn[b]ry7 --#ba4 #ba;a4 ,leaves gre5 b5ea? ,sn[b]ry1 ,symphoric>pos racemosus4 #ba;b4 ,leaves :it5$ b5ea? ,sn[b]ry1 ,symphoric>pos racemosus v>4 pauciflorus4 #bb;a4 ,leaves palmately lob$ --#bc4 #bb;b4 ,leaves n lob$ --#be4 #bc;a4 ,out]mo/ fl[]s ( ! clu/] enl>g$ & imp]fect 7#a-d m4 high7 ,cranb]ry ,tree1 ,viburnum opulus v>4 am]icanum4 #bc;b4 ,all fl[]s ( ! clu/] alike --#bd4 #bd;a4 ,fl[]-clu/]s #d-aj cm4 broad 7#a-b m4 high7 ,arr[ ,wood1 ,viburnum ac]ifolium4 #bd;b4 ,fl[]-clu/]s #b-c cm4 broad ,squa%b]ry1 ,viburnum pauciflorum4 #be;a4 ,out] fl[]s ( ! clu/] enl>g$ & imp]fect 7#a-c m4 high7 ,hobble-bu%1 ,viburnum alnifolium4 #be;b4 ,all fl[]s ( ! clu/] alike --#bf4 #bf;a4 ,leaves f9ely s]rate2 ! ve9s n prom95t --#bg4 #bf;b4 ,leaves co>sely s]rate1 all or mo/ ( ! tee? t]m9at+ 9 a prom95t ve9 --#bi4 #bg;a4 ,p$uncle ( ! fl[]-clu/]1 bel[ its bran*es1 at lea/ #b cm4 long 7#a-c m4 high7 ,)e-rod1 ,viburnum cass9oides4 #bg;b4 ,p$uncle ( ! clu/] #a cm4 long1 or ev5 %ort] 7#c-h m4 high7 --#bh4 #bh;a4 ,leaves di/9ctly acum9ate ,%eep-b]ry1 ,viburnum l5tago4 #bh;b4 ,leaves obtuse or b>ely acute ,black ,haw1 ,viburnum prunifolium4 #bi;a4 ,leaves d5sely pubesc5t b5ea? 7#f-ae dm4 high7 ,arr[-wood1 ,viburnum pubesc5s4 #bi;b4 ,leaves glabr\s b5ea?1 or ) tufts ( hairs 9 ! =ks ( ! ve9s 7#a-d m4 high7 ,arr[-wood1 ,viburnum d5tatum4 ,,val]ianaceae1 ! ,val]ian ,family ,h]bs ) opposite leaves & small ne>ly or q regul> fl[]s2 petals #e1 unit$2 /am5s #c2 sepals m9ute or want+2 ov>y inf]ior4 #a;a4 ,/em-leaves p9nately cleft 7#c-aj dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite or p9ki%1 summ]7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,/em-leaves entire or d5tate 7#b-f dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite1 summ]7 7,corn ,salad7 --#c4 #b;a4 ,leaf-segm5ts p>allel-ve9$ ,val]ian1 ,val]iana edulis4 #b;b4 ,leaf-segm5ts net-ve9$ ,swamp ,val]ian1 ,val]iana ulig9osa4 #c;a4 ,upp] /em-leaves entire ,corn ,salad1 ,val]ianella *5opodifolia4 #c;b4 ,upp] /em-leaves d5tate ,corn ,salad1 ,val]ianella radiata4 ,,dipsacaceae1 ! ,teasel ,family ,h]bs ) opposite leaves1 & small pale blue fl[]s aggregat$ 9 d5se heads2 calyx m9ute2 petals #d1 unit$2 /am5s #d1 atta*$ to ! corolla2 ov>y inf]ior4 ,"o species 9 ,mi*igan1 #a-b m4 high1 ) prickly leaves & /em1 bloom+ 9 summ] ,teasel1 ,dipsacus sylve/ris4 ,,cucurbitaceae1 ! ,g\rd ,family ,h]bs1 climb+ by t5drils1 ) alt]nate palmately lob$ leaves & imp]fect fl[]s2 /am9ate fl[]s 9 %[y clu/]s1 ) #e-f petals & #c /am5s2 pi/illate fl[]s small4 #a;a4 ,leaves #e-;angl$ or %all[y #e-lob$ 7fl[]s :ite1 summ]7 ,bur ,cucumb]1 ,sicyos angulatus4 #a;b4 ,leaves #e-lob$ to ab\t ! middle 7commonly cultivat$ & frequ5tly wild2 fl[]s :ite1 summ]7 ,wild ,cucumb]1 ,e*9ocy/is lobata4 ,,campanulaceae1 ! ,bellfl[] ,family ,h]bs ) alt]nate simple leaves & milky juice2 sepals #e2 petals #e1 unit$2 /am5s #e1 atta*$ at ! v base ( ! corolla2 ov>y inf]ior4 #a;a4 ,/em-leaves circul> or ne>ly s1 cordate-clasp+ at base 7#b-f dm4 high2 fl[]s blue1 axill>y1 9 summ]7 ,v5us' ,look+-,glass1 ,specul>ia p]foliata4 #a;b4 ,/em-leaves l9e> or ne>ly s1 n ov] #a cm4 wide 7summ]7 --#b4 #a;c4 ,/em-leaves ovate to lanceolate1 #b cm4 wide or m 7fl[]s blue1 9 a t]m9al spike or raceme1 summ]7 7,bellfl[]7 --#d4 #b;a4 ,/em & leaves glabr\s 7or r>ely pubesc5t7 7#a-f dm4 high2 fl[]s blue7 ,h>ebell1 ,campanula rotundifolia4 #b;b4 ,/em & leaves r\gh ) reflex$ bri/les 7m>% plants1 ) weak sl5d] /ems #c-aj dm4 long2 fl[]s :ite or pale-blue7 7,m>% ,bellfl[]7 --#c4 #c;a4 ,corolla #e-h mm4 long ,m>% ,bellfl[]1 ,campanula ap>9oides4 #c;b4 ,corolla #aj-ab mm4 long ,m>% ,bellfl[]1 ,campanula ulig9osa4 #d;a4 ,corolla rotate2 fl[]s 9 spikes 7#f-ae dm4 high7 ,bellfl[]1 ,campanula am]icana4 #d;b4 ,corolla bell-%ape2 fl[]s 9 "o-sid$ racemes 7#d-aj dm4 high7 ,bellfl[]1 ,campanula rapunculoides4 ,,lobeliaceae1 ! ,lobelia ,family ,h]bs ) alt]nate simple leaves & milky juice2 fl[]s irregul>2 petals #e1 unit$2 corolla split d[n ! upp] side2 /am5s #e1 unit$ by _! an!rs into a r+ or tube surr\nd+ ! /yle2 ov>y #b-;cell$1 inf]ior4 ,fl[]s 9 summ] & autumn4 #a;a4 ,leaves all basal1 tubul>2 fl[]s on leafless /alks 7aquatic1 #a-d dm4 high2 fl[]s blue7 ,wat] ,lobelia1 ,lobelia dortmanna4 #a;b4 ,leaves normal1 on ! /em --#b4 #b;a4 ,fl[]s m ?an #b cm4 long 7#e-aj dm4 high7 --#c4 #b;b4 ,fl[]s ab\t #a cm4 long1 or %ort] 7fl[]s light blue7 --#d4 #c;a4 ,fl[]s sc>let ,c>d9al ,fl[]1 ,lobelia c>d9alis4 #c;b4 ,fl[]s blue ,great ,lobelia1 ,lobelia siphilitica4 #d;a4 ,fl[]s 9 loose racemes1 p$icell$ --#e4 #d;b4 ,fl[]s 9 sl5d] t]m9al spike-l racemes1 ne>ly sessile 7#d-aj dm4 high1 usually unbran*$7 ,lobelia1 ,lobelia spicata4 #e;a4 ,foliage pubesc5t 7#c-h dm4 high7 ,indian ,tobacco1 ,lobelia inflata4 #e;b4 ,foliage glabr\s 7#a-d dm4 high7 ,lobelia1 ,lobelia kalmii4 ,,compositae1 ! ,composite ,family ,h]bs1 ) v>i\s types ( foliage1 b ) fl[]s ( *>act]i/ic /ructure1 resembl+ a sunfl[]1 a ?i/le1 or a d&elion4 ,ea* app>5t fl[] is a head ( num]\s small fl[]s1 atta*$ side by side to ! exp&$ end ( ! /em1 & subt5d$ & p>tly enclos$ by a s]ies ( bracts1 call$ ! involucre1 :i* resembles a calyx4 ,! calyx ( ! individual fl[] is m9ute or actually want+1 & is usually modifi$ to aid 9 se$ disp]sal4 ,x appe>s at ! base ( ! corolla1 at ! summit ( ! inf]ior ov>y1 & is kn[n z pappus4 ,! /ructure ( ! pappus is be/ obs]v$ 9 ! ripe fruit4 ,! corolla ( ! individual fl[]s consi/s ( #e 7or r>ely #d7 unit$ petals4 ,9 "s fl[]s ! petals are unit$ to =m a tubul> or bell-%ape corolla4 ,9 o!rs !y are unit$ to =m a flat or /rap-%ape corolla4 ,! /am5s are atta*$ to ! corolla1 & are unit$ by _! an!rs into a tube :i* surr\nds ! /yle1 & above :i* ! #b-lob$ /igma protrudes4 ,! app>5t fl[] ( a ,composite1 compos$ ( sev]al or _m individual fl[]s1 is t]m$ a head4 ,x may be compos$ entirely ( tubul> fl[]s1 z ! ?i/le or bone-set2 or entirely ( /rap-%ape fl[]s1 z ! d&elion2 or ( bo? sorts toge!r1 z ! a/] or sunfl[]4 ,9 ! latt] case1 ! tubul> fl[]s inv>iably occupy ! c5t] ( ! head1 call$ ! disk1 & ! l>g] /rap-%ape fl[]s are at ! m>g91 :]e _! project+ corollas1 call$ rays1 may be v conspicu\s4 ,su* heads are call$ radiate4 ,9 a few composites 7see #a;a bel[7 ! fl[]s h m9ute corollas )\t color$ p>ts4 ,9 id5tify+ a composite1 det]m9e fir/ :e!r ! heads are compos$ ( tubul> fl[]s1 ( /rap-%ape fl[]s1 or ( bo? sorts toge!r2 &1 secondly1 obs]ve ! nature ( ! pappus1 us+ pref]ably ! ripe heads1 or at lea/ ! olde/ fl[]-heads available4 ,no fur!r difficulties w be enc\nt]$4 #a;a4 ,fl[]s )\t petal-l or brightly color$ p>ts2 /am9ate & pi/illate fl[]s 9 sep>ate heads 7or r>ely 9 ! same heads72 co>se we$s ) inconspicu\s fl[]s 7summ] & autumn7 --#b4 #a;b4 ,fl[]s ) "s petal-l p>ts1 usually brightly color$ or :ite --#aj4 #b;a4 ,leaves too!d or lob$ --#c4 #b;b4 ,leaves deeply p9natifid or dissect$ 7#d-ae dm4 high2 fl[]s 9 erect spikes7 7,ragwe$7 --#g4 #c;a4 ,fruit or pi/illate fl[]s ?ickly cov]$ ) %>p hook$ sp9es 7#c-aj dm4 high7 7,cocklebur7 --#d4 #c;b4 ,fruit n sp9y --#h4 #d;a4 ,) sp9es on ! /em at ! base ( ! leaves ,cocklebur1 ,xan?ium sp9osum4 #d;b4 ,)\t any sp9es on ! /em --#e4 #e;a4 ,body ( ! bur smoo? or slightly hairy ,cocklebur1 ,xan?ium canad5se4 #e;b4 ,body ( ! bur & ! sp9es d5sely pubesc5t --#f4 #f;a4 ,body ( ! bur m ?an twice z long z ?ick2 a common we$ ,cocklebur1 ,xan?ium commune4 #f;b4 ,body ( ! bur less ?an twice z long z ?ick ,cocklebur1 ,xan?ium e*9atum4 #g;a4 ,leaves twice-p9natifid ,ragwe$1 ,ambrosia artemisiifolia4 #g;b4 ,leaves once-p9natifid ,ragwe$1 ,ambrosia psilo/a*ya4 #h;a4 ,leaves deeply #c-lob$ 7#a-e m4 high7 ,giant ,ragwe$1 ,ambrosia trifida4 #h;b4 ,leaves s]rate or obscurely lob$ --#i4 #i;a4 ,/em simple or sp>+ly bran*$2 pi/illate heads 9 ! axils ( ! upp] leaves 7#a-c m4 high7 ,giant ,ragwe$1 ,ambrosia trifida v>4 integrifolia4 #i;b4 ,/em mu* bran*$2 heads all alike1 9 panicles ,m>% ,eld]1 ,iva xan?ifolia4 #aj;a4 ,fl[]s all /rap-%ape2 juicy milky4 7,! c5tral fl[]s mu/ be exam9$ c>efully1 s9ce !y are frequ5tly mu* small] ?an ! m>g9al ones7 --#aa4 #aj;b4 ,fl[]s all tubul>1 ) regul>4 #d-e-lob$ corollas --#de4 #aj;c4 ,fl[]s bo? tubul> & /rap-%ape2 heads radiate 79 a few species ! rays are small & may be ov]look$ by mi/ake7 --#ajh4 #aa;a4 ,fl[]s blue 7summ] & autumn7 --#ab4 #aa;b4 ,fl[]s orange1 yell[1 :ite1 or purpli% --#ae4 #ab;a4 ,heads #b4e cm4 wide1 or l>g] --#ac4 #ab;b4 ,heads #a4e cm4 wide1 or small] --#ad4 #ac;a4 ,leaves l9e>2 bracts long] ?an ! fl[]s1 heads #e-aj cm4 wide 7#f-ae dm4 high7 ,salsify1 ,tragopogon porrifolius4 #ac;b4 ,leaves broad]1 mo/ly s]rate2 bracts %ort] ?an ! fl[]s2 heads #b4e-d cm4 wide ,*icory1 ,ci*orium intybus4 #ad;a4 ,heads 9 a n>r[ cr[d$ clu/] 7#e-ae dm4 high7 --#cj;b4 #ad;b4 ,heads 9 a spread+ op5 panicle 7,wild ,lettuce7 --#bb4 #ae;a4 ,heads solit>y at ! summit ( leafless /alks --#af4 #ae;b4 ,heads sev]al1 on leafy1 nak$1 or scaly /alks --#ai4 #af;a4 ,basal leaves /rictly entire2 heads ab\t #b4e cm4 wide 7summ] & autumn7 --#ce;a4 #af;b4 ,basal leaves too!d1 lob$1 or p9natifid 7spr+ & summ]7 --#ag4 #ag;a4 ,heads #h-ad mm4 wide 7#a-d dm4 high7 ,dw>f ,d&elion1 ,krigia virg9ica4 #ag;b4 ,heads #be-ej mm4 wide 7#a-f dm4 high7 7,d&elion7 --#ah4 #ah;a4 ,out] involucral bracts reflex$ ,d&elion1 ,t>axacum (fic9ale4 #ah;b4 ,out] involucral bracts erect or spread+ ,d&elion1 ,t>axacum ery?rosp]mum4 #ai;a4 ,pappus none2 heads ab\t #a cm4 wide 7#d-aj dm4 high2 summ]7 ,nipplewort1 ,lapsana communis4 #ai;b4 ,pappus ( an inn] r[ ( bri/les & an out] r[ ( %ort scales2 heads ab\t #c cm4 wide 7#c-h dm4 high2 e>ly summ]7 ,cyn?ia1 ,krigia amplexicaulis4 #ai;c4 ,pappus ( fea!ry bri/les 7summ]7 --#bj4 #ai;d4 ,pappus ( simple bri/les --#be4 #bj;a4 ,fl[]-/alk scaly1 )\t foliage leaves 7#b-f dm4 high7 ,fall ,d&elion1 ,leontodon autumnalis4 #bj;b4 ,/em leafy 7#c-aj dm4 high7 --#ba4 #ba;a4 ,leaves entire1 l9e>-lanceolate ,mead[ ,salsify1 ,tragopogon prat5sis4 #ba;b4 ,leaves s]rate1 oblong-lanceolate ,picris1 ,picris hi]acioides4 #bb;a4 ,pappus tawny 9 color 7#a-c m4 high7 --#bc4 #bb;b4 ,pappus :ite --#bd4 #bc;a4 ,leaves p9natifid ,wild ,lettuce1 ,lactuca spicata4 #bc;b4 ,leaves undivid$1 d5tate ,wild ,lettuce1 ,lactuca spicata v>4 integrifolia4 #bd;a4 ,upp] leaves entire2 heads ab\t #a4e cm4 wide 7#e-aj dm4 high7 ,wild ,lettuce1 ,lactuca pul*ella4 #bd;b4 ,upp] leaves d5tate or lob$2 heads ab\t #a cm4 wide 7#a-c m4 high7 ,wild ,lettuce1 ,lactuca floridana4 #be;a4 ,a*5e tipp$ ) a sl5d] beak1 be>+ ! pappus at its summit 7summ]7 7,wild ,lettuce7 --#bf4 #be;b4 ,a*5e )\t a beak --#bi4 #bf;a4 ,leaves hirsute or hispid on ! mid-ve9s b5ea? --#bg4 #bf;b4 ,leaves glabr\s --#bh4 #bg;a4 ,leaves pubesc5t on bo? sides 7#a-b m4 high7 ,wild ,lettuce1 ,lactuca hirsuta4 #bg;b4 ,leaves glabr\s1 except on ! mid-ve9 7#e-ae dm4 high7 ,wild ,lettuce1 ,lactuca sc>iola v>4 integrata4 #bh;a4 ,leaves entire or sp>sely too!d 7#a-b m4 high7 ,wild ,lettuce1 ,lactuca sagittifolia4 #bh;b4 ,leaves *iefly s9uate-p9natifid 7#a-c m4 high7 ,wild ,lettuce1 ,lactuca canad5sis4 #bi;a4 ,fl[]s :ite1 cream-color1 or purpli% 7summ] & autumn7 7,rattlesnake ,root7 --#cj4 #bi;b4 ,fl[]s bright-yell[ or orange --#cc4 #cj;a4 ,heads nodd+ 7#f-bj dm4 high7 --#ca4 #cj;b4 ,heads po9t+ 9 v>i\s directions1 9 spike-l panicles2 involucres pubesc5t 7#e-ae dm4 high7 ,rattlesnake ,root1 ,pr5an!s racemosus4 #ca;a4 ,heads ) #e-g fl[]s 9 ea* ,rattlesnake ,root1 ,pr5an!s altissima4 #ca;b4 ,heads ) #h-ab fl[]s --#cb4 #ca;c4 ,heads ) #bj or m fl[]s ,rattlesnake ,root1 ,pr5an!s crepid9ea4 #cb;a4 ,pappus d>k r$di%-br[n ,rattlesnake ,root1 ,pr5an!s alba4 #cb;b4 ,pappus pale-br[n or ne>ly :ite ,rattlesnake ,root1 ,pr5an!s trifoliata4 #cc;a4 ,pappus tawny or br[n 9 color 7summ] & autumn7 7,hawkwe$7 --#cd4 #cc;b4 ,pappus :ite --#db4 #cd;a4 ,heads #b4e cm4 9 diamet]1 or l>g] --#ce4 #cd;b4 ,heads #a-b cm4 9 diamet] 7#d-aj dm4 high7 --#cg4 #ce;a4 ,leaves all basal 7#a-d dm4 high7 ,hawkwe$1 ,hi]acium pilosella4 #ce;b4 ,/em-leaves pres5t 7#d-ae dm4 high7 --#cf4 #cf;a4 ,leaves r\nd$ at ! sessile base ,hawkwe$1 ,hi]acium canad5se4 #cf;b4 ,leaves n>r[$ t[>d ! base ,hawkwe$1 ,hi]acium umbellatum4 #cg;a4 ,a rosette ( basal leaves conspicu\s at fl[]+ "t --#ch4 #cg;b4 ,no rosette ( basal leaves at "t ( fl[]+ --#da4 #ch;a4 ,leaves glabr\s on ! upp] side --#ci4 #ch;b4 ,leaves hairy on ! upp] side --#dj4 #ci;a4 ,/em glabr\s1 leafless or ) "o or two leaves ,hawkwe$1 ,hi]acium v5osum4 #ci;b4 ,/em ) sev]al leaves1 hairy bel[ ,hawkwe$1 ,hi]acium m>ianum4 #dj;a4 ,leaves ) %ort scatt]$ hairs above ,hawkwe$1 ,hi]acium gronovii4 #dj;b4 ,leaves & /em d5sely cov]$ ) v long hairs ,hawkwe$1 ,hi]acium longipilum4 #da;a4 ,leaves glabr\s ,hawkwe$1 ,hi]acium paniculatum4 #da;b4 ,leaves v hairy ,hawkwe$1 ,hi]acium scabrum4 #db;a4 ,bracts ( ! involucre smoo? 7#e-bj dm4 tall2 summ] & autumn7 7,s[ ,?i/le7 --#dc4 #db;b4 ,bracts ( ! involucre hairy --#dd4 #dc;a4 ,! clasp+ leaf-bases acute ,s[ ,?i/le1 ,son*us ol]aceus4 #dc;b4 ,! clasp+ leaf-bases r\nd$ ,s[ ,?i/le1 ,son*us asp]4 #dd;a4 ,heads #b4e-e cm4 broad2 involucre #b cm4 long 7#d-aj dm4 high7 ,s[ ,?i/le1 ,son*us arv5sis4 #dd;b4 ,heads #a-b cm4 broad2 involucre #f-aj mm4 long 7#c-f dm4 high2 summ]7 ,hawksbe>d1 ,crepis tectorum4 #de;a4 ,leaves or involucre or bo? sp9y 7?i/les1 burdock1 etc47 --#df4 #de;b4 ,nei!r leaves nor involucre sp9y --#fj4 #df;a4 ,leaves #a-d dm4 broad1 n sp9y 7fl[]s purple or :ite2 summ]7 7,burdock7 --#dg4 #df;b4 ,leaves n>r[]1 n sp9y --#dh4 #dg;a4 ,diamet] ( involucre at fl[]+ "t #c-e cm4 7#a-c m4 high7 ,burdock1 ,arctium lappa4 #dg;b4 ,diamet] ( involucre at fl[]+ "t #a4e-c cm4 7#e-ae dm4 high7 ,burdock1 ,arctium m9us4 #dh;a4 ,ea* head #a-;fl[]$2 heads aggregat$ 9 a globul> head-l clu/] 7#a-b m4 high2 fl[]s blue or :ite1 summ]7 ,globe ,?i/le1 ,e*9ops spha]ocephalus4 #dh;b4 ,ea* head _m-fl[]$ --#di4 #di;a4 ,pr9cipal involucral bracts ) /\t spread+ sp9es #b-d cm4 long 7#e-ae dm4 high2 fl[]s purple1 summ]7 ,milk ,?i/le1 ,silybum m>ianum4 #di;b4 ,pr9cipal involucral bracts ) sl5d] sp9es or none --#ej4 #ej;a4 ,pappus fea!ry2 receptacle bri/ly 7summ] & autumn7 7,?i/le7 --#ea4 #ej;b4 ,pappus n fea!ry 7fl[]s purple1 summ]7 --#ei4 #ea;a4 ,heads subt5d$ by a circle ( l>ge leafy bracts 7#e-ae dm4 high2 fl[]s pale-yell[7 ,?i/le1 ,cisium sp9oissimum4 #ea;b4 ,heads n subt5d$ by sev]al leafy bracts --#eb4 #eb;a4 ,leaves conspicu\sly :ite-woolly on bo? sides 7#d-aj dm4 high7 --#ec4 #eb;b4 ,leaves conspicu\sly :ite-woolly or br[n-woolly bel[1 n above 7fl[]s purple or p9k7 --#ed4 #eb;c4 ,leaves gre5 on bo? sides 7fl[]s p9k or purple1 r>ely :ite7 --#ef4 #ec;a4 ,leaves deeply p9nately p>t$ ) l9e> divisions2 fl[]s almo/ :ite ,?i/le1 ,cirsium pit*]i4 #ec;b4 ,leaves irregul>ly p9natifid2 fl[]s purple-p9k ,?i/le1 ,cirsium undulatum4 #ed;a4 ,/em-leaves entire or %all[ly lob$ 7#a-c m4 high7 ,?i/le1 ,cirsium altissimum4 #ed;b4 ,/em-leaves obvi\sly p9natifid 7#a-b m4 high7 --#ee4 #ee;a4 ,leaves decurr5t on ! /em ,?i/le1 ,cirsium lanceolatum4 #ee;b4 ,leaves n decurr5t ,?i/le1 ,cirsium discolor4 #ef;a4 ,out] & middle involucral bracts appress$1 po9tless or ) weak %ort prickles --#eg4 #ef;b4 ,out] & middle bracts erect1 n appress$1 acum9ate into a long sl5d] m or less prickly tip 7#d-aj dm4 high7 --#eh4 #eg;a4 ,heads num]\s #b-b4e cm4 broad1 9 close clu/]s 7#e-ab dm4 high7 ,canada ,?i/le1 ,cirsium arv5se4 #eg;b4 ,heads few or solit>y1 #c-e cm4 broad 7#a-b m4 high7 ,?i/le1 ,cirsium muticum4 #eh;a4 ,pr9cipal bracts ) a conspicu\s viscid /ripe d[n ! middle2 heads #f-ai cm4 broad1 solit>y or few ,?i/le1 ,cirsium hillii4 #eh;b4 ,pr9cipal bracts n viscid ,?i/le1 ,cirsium pumilum4 #ei;a4 ,receptacle n bri/ly2 heads #c-e cm4 wide 7#a-c m4 high2 fl[]s pale-purple1 summ]7 ,cotton ,?i/le1 ,onopordum acan?ium4 #ei;b4 ,receptacle bri/ly2 heads #b-b4e cm4 wide 7#e-ab dm4 high2 fl[]s purple to :ite1 late summ]7 ,?i/le1 ,c>duus crispus4 #fj;a4 ,leaves basal2 /em-leaves none or r$uc$ to scales 7#b-h dm4 high2 fl[]s :iti%1 9 spr+7 --#fa4 #fj;b4 ,/em-leaves pres5t2 basal leaves pres5t or abs5t --#fb4 #fa;a4 ,leaves too!d or lob$2 fl[]-/alk n scaly ,ad5ocaulon1 ,ad5ocaulon bicolor4 #fa;b4 ,leaves deeply cleft2 fl[]-/alk scaly --#aig;a4 #fb;a4 ,leaves comp\nd or dissect$ 7fl[]s 9 summ] & autumn7 --#fc4 #fb;b4 ,leaves m]ely lob$1 nev] truly comp\nd or dissect$ --#gb4 #fb;c4 ,leaves entire or s]rate --#gh4 #fc;a4 ,"s ( ! involucral bracts leaf-l1 long] ?an ! heads 7#c-bj dm4 high2 fl[]s yell[ or gre5i%1 summ] & autumn7 7,begg> ,ticks7 --#abf4 #fc;b4 ,bracts %ort & n leaf-l --#fd4 #fd;a4 ,heads #g-bj mm4 wide1 9 a flat-topp$ or convex clu/] 7#c-aj dm4 high2 fl[]s yell[1 summ]7 7,tansy7 --#fe4 #fd;b4 ,heads small]1 9 spikes1 racemes1 or panicles 7fl[]s yell[ or gre5i%1 late summ] & autumn7 7,wormwood7 --#ff4 #fe;a4 ,heads #g-aj mm4 wide1 num]\s 9 a d5se clu/] ,tansy1 ,tanacetum vulg>e4 #fe;b4 ,heads #aj-bj mm4 wide1 few1 #b-aj 9 a loose op5 clu/] ,tansy1 ,tanacetum huron5se4 #ff;a4 ,heads #b-c mm4 broad 7#d-ae dm4 high7 --#fg4 #ff;b4 ,heads #d-f mm4 broad 7#c-aj dm4 high7 --#fi4 #fg;a4 ,leaf-lobes n>r[ly l9e>1 /rictly entire ,wormwood1 ,artemisia caudata4 #fg;b4 ,leaf-lobes s]rate --#fh4 #fh;a4 ,heads 9 a loose spread+ panicle ,wormwood1 ,artemisia annua4 #fh;b4 ,heads 9 axill>y clu/]s1 produc+ a leafy spike-l panicle ,wormwood1 ,artemisia bi5nis4 #fi;a4 ,leaf-lobes n>r[ly l9e> --#gj4 #fi;b4 ,leaf-lobes oblong to obovate1 n l9e> --#ga4 #gj;a4 ,%rubby2 involucre pubesc5t ,s\!rnwood1 ,artemisia abrotanum4 #gj;b4 ,h]bace\s2 involucre glabr\s or r>ely pubesc5t ,wormwood1 ,artemisia canad5sis4 #ga;a4 ,leaves f9ely gray-pubesc5t on bo? sides ,wormwood1 ,artemisia abs9?ium4 #ga;b4 ,leaves smoo? or ne>ly s above1 d5sely :ite-woolly b5ea? ,mugwort1 ,artemisia vulg>is4 #gb;a4 ,heads #b-d cm4 broad1 purple1 blue1 or r>ely :ite 7#c-f dm4 high2 summ]7 --#ib4 #gb;b4 ,heads #a cm4 wide or less --#gc4 #gc;a4 ,leaves d5sely :ite-woolly b5ea? 7fl[]s yell[i%1 late summ]7 --#gd4 #gc;b4 ,leaves smoo? or hairy1 nev] :ite-woolly --#ge4 #gd;a4 ,heads #f-h mm4 wide 7#d-h dm4 high7 ,wormwood1 ,artemisia /ell]iana4 #gd;b4 ,heads #c-d mm4 wide 7#e-aj dm4 high7 ,wormwood1 ,artemisia ludoviciana4 #ge;a4 ,pr9cipal bracts ( ! involucre #e1 ) frequ5tly a few mu* small] ones --#gf4 #ge;b4 ,pr9cipal bracts ( ! involucre num]\s --#gg4 #gf;a4 ,heads few 9 small t]m9al clu/]s2 foliage some:at viscid-pubesc5t 7#f-ae dm4 high2 fl[]s yell[1 summ]7 --#aad;a4 #gf;b4 ,heads v num]\s 9 flat-topp$ clu/]s2 foliage nev] viscid-pubesc5t 7#a-b m4 high2 fl[]s :ite1 late summ]7 --#aje;c4 #gg;a4 ,leaves broadly halb]d-%ape1 #c-lob$ 7#a-b m4 high2 fl[]s :ite1 late summ]7 --#aje;b4 #gg;b4 ,leaves lob$ only at ! base 7#e-aj dm4 high2 fl[]s yell[1 summ]7 --#ic;a4 #gg;c4 ,leaves p9natifid 7#b-h dm4 high2 fl[]s yell[7 --#agb4 #gh;a4 ,bracts ( ! involucre dry & *affy1 at lea/ at ! tip2 plants always pubesc5t & usually :ite-woolly --#gi4 #gh;b4 ,bracts ( ! involucre gre5 or color$1 b nev] dry & *affy --#ij4 #gi;a4 ,pappus none2 heads #c-d mm4 wide1 9 ample panicl$ spikes 7fl[]s yell[i%1 late summ]7 --#gd;b4 #gi;b4 ,pappus a m9ute r+ or cr[n2 leaves cr5ate 7#e-aj dm4 high2 fl[]s yell[1 summ]7 --#ic;a4 #gi;c4 ,pappus ( hairs2 heads 9 flat-topp$ clu/]s or sl5d] spikes --#hj4 #hj;a4 ,heads sessile or subsessile 9 small flat-topp$ clu/]s2 fl[]+ 9 spr+ or e>ly summ]2 pr9cipal leaves basal 7#a-d dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite or purpli%7 7,ev]la/+7 --#ha4 #hj;b4 ,heads 9 t]m9al spikes 7#b-f dm4 high2 fl[]s purpli%1 summ]7 ,cudwe$1 ,gnaphalium purpureum4 #hj;c4 ,heads 9 small or l>ge flat-topp$ clu/]s1 fl[]+ 9 summ] or autumn2 pr9cipal leaves on ! /em --#hh4 #ha;a4 ,/olons f ! basal rosette ( leaves leafy ?r\gh\t & asc5d+ at ! tip --#hb4 #ha;b4 ,/olons pro/rate ?r\gh\t1 leafy only at ! tip --#hg4 #hb;a4 ,basal leaves #b-e cm4 long1 #a-n]v$ --#hc4 #hb;b4 ,basal leaves #e-ab cm4 long1 #c-n]v$ --#hd4 #hc;a4 ,basal leaves spatulate or oblanceolate1 smoo? above ,ev]la/+1 ,ant5n>ia canad5sis4 #hc;b4 ,basal leaves obovate1 pubesc5t above ,ev]la/+1 ,ant5n>ia neodioica4 #hd;a4 ,basal leaves smoo? above ,ev]la/+1 ,ant5n>ia p>l9ii4 #hd;b4 ,basal leaves dull gre5 & pubesc5t above --#he4 #he;a4 ,heads #f-h mm4 high ,ev]la/+1 ,ant5n>ia plantag9ifolia4 #he;b4 ,heads #h-aa mm4 high --#hf4 #hf;a4 ,leaf-blade ovate or obovate ,ev]la/+1 ,ant5n>ia fallax4 #hf;b4 ,leaf-blade spatulate1 ) r\nd$ tip ,ev]la/+1 ,ant5n>ia occid5talis4 #hg;a4 ,/yles crimson ,ev]la/+1 ,ant5n>ia neglecta4 #hg;b4 ,/yles pale yell[ ,ev]la/+1 ,ant5n>ia petaloidea4 #hh;a4 ,erect2 involucral bracts pe>ly :ite 7#d-i dm4 high7 ,pe>ly ,ev]la/+1 ,anaphalis m>g>itacea4 #hh;b4 ,erect2 involucral bracts dull :ite or pale br[n1 some:at pubesc5t 7#d-h dm4 high7 7,cudwe$7 --#hi4 #hh;c4 ,diffusely bran*$2 heads 9 d5se clu/]s2 bracts br[n 7#a-b dm4 high7 ,cudwe$1 ,gnaphalium ulig9osum4 #hi;a4 ,leaves decurr5t on ! /em ,cudwe$1 ,gnaphalium decurr5s4 #hi;b4 ,leaves n decurr5t on ! /em ,cudwe$1 ,gnaphalium polycephalum4 #ij;a4 ,tw9+ v9e 7fl[]s :ite1 summ]7 ,hemp ,we$1 ,mikania sc&5s4 #ij;b4 ,n tw9+ or climb+ --#ia4 #ia;a4 ,involucral bracts deeply fr+$ at ! tip 7fl[]s purple1 blue1 or r>ely :ite1 summ]2 #c-f dm4 high7 --#ib4 #ia;b4 ,involucral bracts entire or ne>ly s --#ic4 #ib;a4 ,upp] leaves l9e> or n>r[ly lanceolate ,corn ,fl[]1 ,c5taurea cyanus4 #ib;b4 ,upp] leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate ,knapwe$1 ,c5taurea nigra4 #ic;a4 ,pappus none or a %ort r+ or cr[n 7#e-aj dm4 high2 fl[]s yell[1 summ]7 ,co/m>y1 ,*rysan!mum balsamita v>4 tanacetoides4 #ic;b4 ,pappus ( #b-d /iff awns 7#b-ae dm4 high2 fl[]s yell[1 late summ]7 7,bur ,m>igold7 --#acj4 #ic;c4 ,pappus ( hairs or bri/les --#id4 #id;a4 ,leaves l9e> or n>r[ly lanceolate1 entire2 heads nev] 9 a l>ge flat-topp$ clu/] --#ie4 #id;b4 ,leaves n l9e> --#ii4 #ie;a4 ,heads %[y1 purple1 9 a long spike or raceme 7late summ]7 7,blaz+ ,/>7 --#if4 #ie;b4 ,heads n %[y1 9 a loose panicle or raceme --#bdj;b4 #if;a4 ,involucral bracts r\nd$ at ! tip1 appress$ 7#e-ae dm4 high7 --#ig4 #if;b4 ,involucral bracts po9t$ 7#c-f dm4 high7 --#ih4 #ig;a4 ,heads #h-ab-;fl[]$ ,blaz+ ,/>1 ,liatris spicata4 #ig;b4 ,heads ) #be fl[]s or m ,blaz+ ,/>1 ,liatris sc>iosa4 #ih;a4 ,involucral bracts long-acum9ate1 spread+ ,blaz+ ,/>1 ,liatris squ>rosa4 #ih;b4 ,involucral bracts mucronate1 appress$ ,blaz+ ,/>1 ,liatris cyl9dracea4 #ii;a4 ,fl[]s yell[ 7#b-h dm4 high7 --#agb;b4 #ii;b4 ,fl[]s bright-r$ or purple1 9 flat-topp$ clu/]s 7#h-bj dm4 high2 late summ]7 7,ironwe$7 --#ajj4 #ii;c4 ,fl[]s blue 7#c-h dm4 high2 late summ]7 ,mi/ ,fl[]1 ,eupatorium coele/9um4 #ii;d4 ,fl[]s fle%-color1 p9k1 cream-color1 or :ite 7fl[]s 9 summ]7 --#ajc4 #ajj;a4 ,leaves glabr\s b5ea? or m9utely pubesc5t2 heads #ae-cj-;fl[]$ --#aja4 #ajj;b4 ,leaves tom5tose b5ea?2 heads #cj-ej-;fl[]$ --#ajb4 #aja;a4 ,infloresc5ce d5sely cr[d$2 usually #a m4 or less high ,ironwe$1 ,v]nonia fasciculate4 #aja;b4 ,infloresc5ce loose & op51 #ae-cj cm4 wide2 #a-b m4 high ,ironwe$1 ,v]nonia altissima4 #ajb;a4 ,pappus tawny 9 color ,ironwe$1 ,v]nonia missurica4 #ajb;b4 ,pappus purple ,ironwe$1 ,v]nonia ill9o5sis4 #ajc;a4 ,leaves alt]nate --#ajd4 #ajc;b4 ,leaves opposite --#ajf4 #ajc;c4 ,leaves :orl$ 7#a-c m4 high2 fl[]s p9k or purple1 late summ]7 7,joe-,pye ,we$7 --#ajg4 #ajd;a4 ,heads #e-;fl[]$ 7#e-bj dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite or p9ki%1 late summ]7 7,indian ,planta97 --#aje4 #ajd;b4 ,heads #aj #be-;fl[]$ 7#e-aj dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite1 late summ]7 ,false ,boneset1 ,kuhnia eupatorioides4 #ajd;c4 ,heads ) m ?an #ej fl[]s 7#c-bj dm4 high2 fl[]s :ite1 summ]7 ,firewe$1 ,ere*tites hi]acifolia4 #aje;a4 ,leaves entire1 ) _m ve9s f base to apex ,indian ,planta91 ,cacalia tub]osa4 #aje;b4 ,leaves %>ply s]rate ,indian ,planta91 ,cacalia suaveol5s4 #aje;c4 ,leaves broadly triangul> or kidney-%ape1 s9uate or entire ,indian ,planta91 ,cacalia atriplicifolia4 #ajf;a4 ,leaves unit$ at ! base 7#e-ae dm4 high7 ,boneset1 ,eupatorium p]foliatum4 #ajf;b4 ,leaves sessile b n unit$ at ! base 7#e-ae dm4 high7 ,upl& ,boneset1 ,eupatorium sessilifolium4 #ajf;c4 ,leaves petiol$ 7#d-ab dm4 high7 ,:ite ,snak]oot1 ,eupatorium urticaefolium4 #ajg;a4 ,infloresc5ce ovoid or pyramidal ,joe-,pye ,we$1 ,eupatorium purpureum4 #ajg;b4 ,infloresc5ce depress$ or flatt5$ ,joe-,pye ,we$1 ,eupatorium purpureum v>4 maculatum4 #ajh;a4 ,rays yell[ or br[n --#aji4 #ajh;b4 ,rays :ite to blue or r$1 nev] yell[ or br[n --#aig4 #aji;a4 ,pr9cipal leaves basal1 ! /em m]ely ) bract-l scales --#aaj4 #aji;b4 ,pr9cipal leaves on ! /em1 opposite or :orl$ --#aaa4 #aji;c4 ,pr9cipal leaves on ! /em1 alt]nate1 or ) small] ones clu/]$ 9 _! axils --#acb4 #aaj;a4 ,fl[]-/alk #a-e dm4 high1 #a-;fl[]$ 7spr+7 ,coltsfoot1 ,tussilago f>f>a4 #aaj;b4 ,fl[]-/alk #a-c m4 high1 sev]al-fl[]$ 7summ]7 ,prairie ,dock1 ,silphium t]eb9?9aceum4 #aaa;a4 ,ray-fl[]s pi/illate 7! #b-lob$ /yle protrudes f _! base7 --#aab4 #aaa;b4 ,ray-fl[]s ) nei!r /am5s nor pi/il --#aah4 #aab;a4 ,pr9cipal leaves lob$ 7summ]7 7,leafcup7 --#aac4 #aab;b4 ,pr9cipal leaves too!d or entire1 n lob$ --#aae4 #aac;a4 ,rays #aj or m 7#a-b m4 high7 ,leafcup1 ,polymnia uv$alia4 #aac;b4 ,rays #e 7#e-ae dm4 high7 --#aad4 #aad;a4 ,rays %ort] ?an ! involucre or none ,leafcup1 ,polymnia canad5sis4 #aad;b4 ,rays ab\t #a cm4 long ,leafcup1 ,polymnia canad5sis v>4 radiata4 #aae;a4 ,/em #f dm4 high or less2 pappus ( sl5d] hairs 7spr+7 ,arnica1 ,arnica cordifolia4 #aae;b4 ,/em usually #h-bj dm4 high2 pappus ( %ort scales or none 7summ]7 --#aaf4 #aaf;a4 ,leaves unit$ at base into a cup surr\nd+ ! /em ,cup ,plant1 ,silphium p]foliatum4 #aaf;b4 ,leaves closely sessile ) a r\nd$ base ,ros9 ,we$1 ,silphium integrifolium4 #aaf;c4 ,leaves tap]+ to a %ort petiole2 pr9cipal leaves :orl$ ,ros9 ,we$1 ,silphium trifoliatum4 #aaf;d4 ,leaves abruptly r\nd$ at ! sessile base1 all opposite 7,ox-eye7 --#aag4 #aag;a4 ,leaves smoo? ,ox-eye1 ,heliopsis helian?oides4 #aag;b4 ,leaves r\gh ,ox-eye1 ,heliopsis scabra4 #aah;a4 ,pr9cipal /em-leaves lob$ or divid$ --#aai4 #aah;b4 ,pr9cipal /em-leaves entire or s]rate --#abg4 #aai;a4 ,subm]g$ aquatic2 leaf-segm5ts fili=m ,wat] ,m>igold1 ,bid5s beckii4 #aai;b4 ,t]re/rial plants2 leaves m]ely #c-lob$ 7#c-h dm4 high2 late spr+ & summ]7 7,tickse$7 --#abj4 #aai;c4 ,t]re/rial plants2 leaves comp\nd or dissect$ 7summ] & autumn7 --#aba4 #abj;a4 ,leaf-lobes l9e>-oblong1 all ab\t equal ,tickse$1 ,coreopsis palmata4 #abj;b4 ,lat]al leaf-lobes v mu* small] ?an ! t]m9al ,tickse$1 ,coreopsis lanceolata4 #aba;a4 ,leaf-segm5ts entire 7,tickse$7 --#abb4 #aba;b4 ,leaf-segm5ts s]rate 7#e-ae dm4 high7 7,tickse$ ,sunfl[]7 --#abd4 #abb;a4 ,leaf-segm5ts num]\s1 l9e> or ne>ly s 7#d-aj dm4 high7 --#abc4 #abb;b4 ,leaf-segm5ts #c-e1 lanceolate 7#a-c m4 high7 ,tickse$1 ,coreopsis tript]is4 #abc;a4 ,rays yell[ ?r\gh\t ,tickse$1 ,coreopsis v]ticillata4 #abc;b4 ,rays br[n1 at lea/ at ! base ,tickse$1 ,coreopsis t9ctoria4 #abd;a4 ,a*5es w$ge-%ape1 ! inn] ones less ?an #b mm4 wide --#abe4 #abd;b4 ,a*5es obovate1 ! inn] ones m ?an #b mm4 wide ,tickse$ ,sunfl[]1 ,bid5s ari/osa4 #abe;a4 ,leaf-lobes lanceolate ,tickse$ ,sunfl[]1 ,bid5s tri*osp]ma4 #abe;b4 ,leaf-lobes l9e> ,tickse$ ,sunfl[]1 ,bid5s tri*osp]ma v>4 t5uiloba4 #abf;a4 ,out] leaf-l bracts #aj-af2 a*5es br[n ,begg> ,ticks1 ,bid5s vulgata4 #abf;b4 ,out] leaf-l bracts #e-h2 a*5es black ,begg> ,ticks1 ,bid5s frondosa4 #abf;c4 ,out] leaf-l bracts ab\t #d ,begg> ,ticks1 ,bid5s discoidea4 #abg;a4 ,bracts ( ! involucre all ess5tially alike 9 =m & texture 7fl[]s 9 summ] & autumn7 7,sunfl[]7 --#agi4 #abg;b4 ,bracts ( ! involucre 9 two di/9ct sets1 diff]+ 9 =m or consi/5cy or bo? --#abh4 #abh;a4 ,leaves entire 7#c-h dm4 high2 late spr+ & summ]7 --#abj;b4 #abh;b4 ,leaves s]rate 7late summ] & autumn7 7,bur ,m>igold7 --#abi4 #abi;a4 ,rays l>ge & conspicu\s1 #b-c cm4 long 7#c-aj dm4 high7 ,bur ,m>igold1 ,bid5s laevis4 #abi;b4 ,rays #a cm4 long or less --#acj4 #acj;a4 ,out] bracts leaf-l1 s]rate1 #c-h cm4 long 7#d-ae dm4 high7 ,bur ,m>igold1 ,bid5s comosa4 #acj;b4 ,out] bracts #a-b4e cm4 long 7#b-ae dm4 high7 --#aca4 #aca;a4 ,heads nodd+ aft] fl[]+ ,bur ,m>igold1 ,bid5s c]nua4 #aca;b4 ,heads p]man5tly erect ,bur ,m>igold1 ,bid5s connata4 #acb;a4 ,heads small1 seldom m ?an #a cm4 wide1 includ+ ! rays1 bloom+ 9 late summ] & autumn2 fl[]s num]\s1 cr[d$ 9 spikes1 racemes1 corymbs1 or panicles 7,gold5rod7 --#acc4 #acb;b4 ,heads m$ium size or l>ge1 m ?an #a cm4 & usually exce$+ #b cm4 9 wid?1 includ+ ! rays --#afe4 #acc;a4 ,heads *iefly 9 clu/]s or %ort racemes 9 ! axils ( ord9>y foliage leaves1 or occasionally ! upp] compact$ into a leafy clu/] t]m9at+ ! /em --#acd4 #acc;b4 ,heads cr[d$ at or ne> ! ends ( ! bran*es at ab\t ! same di/ance f ! base ( ! panicle1 =m+ a r\nd$ or flat-topp$ infloresc5ce --#adj4 #acc;c4 ,heads m or less uni=mly di/ribut$ along ! l5g? ( ! bran*es1 =m+ a cyl9drical or pyramidal infloresc5ce1 nev] flat-topp$ --#adf4 #acd;a4 ,/em & bo? sides ( ! leaves m or less pubesc5t or r\gh 7#d-aj dm4 high7 --#ace4 #acd;b4 ,/em & bo? sides ( ! leaves ess5tially smoo? or ) v %ort hairs 7#c-aj dm4 high7 --#acf4 #ace;a4 ,rays :ite ,gold5rod1 ,solidago bicolor4 #ace;b4 ,rays yell[ ,gold5rod1 ,solidago hispida4 #acf;a4 ,basal leaves abruptly n>r[$ to w+$ petioles --#acg4 #acf;b4 ,basal leaves n abruptly n>r[$ to w+$ petioles --#ach4 #acg;a4 ,involucre #b-e mm4 long ,gold5rod1 ,solidago latifolia4 #acg;b4 ,involucre #h-ab mm4 long ,gold5rod1 ,solidago macrophylla4 #ach;a4 ,l[] leaves broadly oval1 obtuse1 ?icki%1 cr5ate2 a*5es glabr\s ,gold5rod1 ,solidago erecta4 #ach;b4 ,l[] leaves lanceolate1 acum9ate1 ?91 %>ply s]rate2 a*5es hairy --#aci4 #aci;a4 ,/em usually simple2 heads few 9 v small clu/]s ,gold5rod1 ,solidago caesia v>4 axill>is4 #aci;b4 ,/em usually diffusely bran*$2 heads num]\s ,gold5rod1 ,solidago caesia4 #adj;a4 ,l[] leaves ovate1 oblong1 or oval1 p9nately ve9$ 7#e-ae dm4 high7 --#ada4 #adj;b4 ,l[] leaves l9e>-lanceolate4 #c-e-ve9$ 7#c-ab dm4 high7 --#adb4 #ada;a4 ,/em & leaves r\gh-hairy ,gold5rod1 ,solidago rigida4 #ada;b4 ,/em & leaves smoo? ,gold5rod1 ,solidago ohio5sis4 #adb;a4 ,heads v few 9 a small clu/]2 leaves few & scatt]$ ,gold5rod1 ,solidago h\ghtonii4 #adb;b4 ,heads v _m1 9 a l>ge clu/]2 /em v leafy --#adc4 #adc;a4 ,leaves hairy ,gold5rod1 ,solidago gram9ifolia v>4 nuttallii4 #adc;b4 ,leaves smoo? --#add4 #add;a4 ,leaves fold$1 #h-bj mm4 wide ,gold5rod1 ,solidago riddellii4 #add;b4 ,leaves flat1 #a-h mm4 wide --#ade4 #ade;a4 ,leaves #d-h mm4 wide1 di/9ctly #c-e-ribb$ ,gold5rod1 ,solidago gram9ifolia4 #ade;b4 ,leaves #a-d mm4 wide1 usually ) #a mid-ve9 ,gold5rod1 ,solidago t5uifolia4 #adf;a4 ,only #b-e /em-leaves bel[ ! infloresc5ce 7#a-c dm4 high7 ,gold5rod1 ,solidago cutl]i4 #adf;b4 ,/em-leaves num]\s --#adg4 #adg;a4 ,basal leaves mu* l>g] ?an ! greatly r$uc$ or bract-l upp] ones --#adh4 #adg;b4 ,leaves ess5tially uni=m 9 size f base to summit ( /em --#aeg4 #adh;a4 ,racemes or bran*es ( ! panicle ei!r %ort & arrang$ along a m or less elongat$ c5tral axis1 or elongat$ & asc5d+1 sc>cely recurv$1 =m+ a n>r[1 m or less elongat$ panicle --#adi4 #adh;b4 ,racemes or bran*es ( ! panicle usually elongat$1 spread+ outw>ds1 usually recurv$1 =m+ a wid5$ panicle --#aec4 #adi;a4 ,leaves mo/ly entire1 ! upp] ones ) small] leaves fascicl$ 9 ! axils 7#e-bj dm4 high7 ,gold5rod1 ,solidago speciosa4 #adi;b4 ,leaves mo/ly s]rate1 at lea/ ! basal ones --#aej4 #aej;a4 ,heads on p$icels #e-ae mm4 long2 a*5es pubesc5t2 /ems usually clu/]$ 7#a-e dm4 high1 or pro/rate7 --#aea4 #aej;b4 ,heads on p$icels n ov] #e mm4 long2 a*5es smoo? or ne>ly s2 /ems usually s+le 7#f-ab dm4 high7 --#aeb4 #aea;a4 ,basal leaves #g-ab cm4 long ,gold5rod1 ,solidago racemosa4 #aea;b4 ,basal leaves #ae-cj cm4 long ,gold5rod1 ,solidago racemosa v>4 gillmani4 #aeb;a4 ,leaves p9nately ve9$ ,gold5rod1 ,solidago ulig9osa4 #aeb;b4 ,leaves #c-e-ribb$ ,gold5rod1 ,solidago neglecta4 #aec;a4 ,bo? sides ( ! leaf pubesc5t or r\gh --#aed4 #aec;b4 ,leaf n pubesc5t or r\gh on bo? sides --#aee4 #aed;a4 ,/em closely pubesc5t 7#b-h dm4 high7 ,gold5rod1 ,solidago nemoralis4 #aed;b4 ,/em glabr\s 7#e-ab dm4 high7 ,gold5rod1 ,solidago juncea v>4 scabrella4 #aee;a4 ,leaves r\gh above1 smoo? bel[ 7#f-ae dm4 high7 ,gold5rod1 ,solidago patula4 #aee;b4 ,leaves smoo? on bo? sides 7#e-ab dm4 high7 --#aef4 #aef;a4 ,bran*es ( ! panicle spread+ or recurv$ ,gold5rod1 ,solidago juncea4 #aef;b4 ,bran*es ( ! panicle upright ,gold5rod1 ,solidago juncea v>4 ramosa4 #aeg;a4 ,/em m or less pubesc5t or hairy ?r\gh\t 7#e-bj dm4 high7 --#aeh4 #aeg;b4 ,/em smoo?1 at lea/ bel[ ! infloresc5ce --#afa4 #aeh;a4 ,involucre #b-b4g mm4 long ,gold5rod1 ,solidago canad5sis4 #aeh;b4 ,involucre #c-e mm4 long --#aei4 #aei;a4 ,leaves p9nately ve9$1 scabr\s above ,gold5rod1 ,solidago rugosa4 #aei;b4 ,leaves #c-e-ribb$1 pubesc5t b n scabr\s above --#afj4 #afj;a4 ,/em & l[] side ( leaves cov]$ ) %ort hairs2 common species ,gold5rod1 ,solidago altissima4 #afj;b4 ,/em & l[] side ( leaves ) di/9ct1 loose1 s(t hairs 7%ore ( ,lake ,sup]ior7 ,gold5rod1 ,solidago altissima v>4 proc]a4 #afa;a4 ,involucre #b-b4g mm4 long 7#e-bj dm4 high7 --#aeh;a4 #afa;b4 ,involucre #c-f mm4 long --#afb4 #afb;a4 ,racemes or bran*es ( ! panicle ei!r %ort & arrang$ along a m or less elongat$ axis1 or elongat$ & asc5d+1 sc>cely recurv$1 =m+ a n>r[ m or less elongat$ panicle 7#e-aj dm4 high7 ,gold5rod1 ,solidago speciosa v>4 angu/ata4 #afb;b4 ,racemes or bran*es ( ! panicle usually elongat$1 spread+ outw>d1 usually recurv$1 =m+ a wid5$ panicle2 leaves di/9ctly s]rate --#afc4 #afc;a4 ,leaves p9nately ve9$ 7#e-ab dm4 high7 ,gold5rod1 ,solidago ulmifolia4 #afc;b4 ,leaves #c-e-ribb$ 7#e-bj dm4 high7 --#afd4 #afd;a4 ,leaves glabr\s on bo? sides ,gold5rod1 ,solidago s]ot9a4 #afd;b4 ,leaves slightly pubesc5t b5ea? ,gold5rod1 ,solidago s]ot9a v>4 gigantea4 #afe;a4 ,ray-fl[]s pi/illate 7! #b-lob$ /yle protrudes f _! base7 --#aff4 #afe;b4 ,ray-fl[]s ) nei!r /am5s nor pi/il --#agd4 #aff;a4 ,pr9cipal leaves m ?an #b dm4 long 7#a-c m4 high2 summ]7 --#afg4 #aff;b4 ,pr9cipal leaves less ?an #a4e dm4 long --#afh4 #afg;a4 ,leaves deeply lob$ ,compass ,plant1 ,silphium lac9iatum4 #afg;b4 ,leaves too!d or s]rate ,elecampane1 ,inula hel5ium4 #afh;a4 ,leaves n>r[ly l9e> 7#c-f dm4 high2 late summ]7 ,sneezewe$1 ,hel5ium t5uifolium4 #afh;b4 ,leaves ( a broad] %ape --#afi4 #afi;a4 ,heads #a-b cm4 wide2 fl[]s 9 spr+ & e>ly summ] 7#b-h dm4 high7 7,ragwort7 --#agj4 #afi;b4 ,heads #b-e cm4 wide2 fl[]s 9 late summ] & autumn --#agc4 #agj;a4 ,basal leaves cordate at base ,ragwort1 ,s5ecio aureus4 #agj;b4 ,basal leaves n>r[$ to ! base --#aga4 #aga;a4 ,basal leaves obovate ,ragwort1 ,s5ecio obovatus4 #aga;b4 ,basal leaves oblong ,ragwort1 ,s5ecio balsamitae4 #agb;a4 ,introduc$ annual 9 wa/e places 7#a-d dm4 high2 spr+ & summ]7 ,gr\ndsel1 ,s5ecio vulg>is4 #agb;b4 ,native bi5nial 9 moi/ gr\nd 7#c-h dm4 high2 summ]7 ,squaw ,we$1 ,s5ecio discoideus4 #agc;a4 ,leaves #b-e cm4 long1 %>ply sp9ulose-s]rate2 involucre viscid 7#c-f dm4 high2 summ]7 ,gum ,plant1 ,gr9delia squ>rosa4 #agc;b4 ,leaves #e-ab cm4 long1 m]ely s]rate2 involucre gray-pubesc5t 7#e-ae dm4 high2 late summ]7 ,sneeze ,we$1 ,hel5ium autumnale4 #agd;a4 ,disk hemisph]ical or oblong-cyl9drical 7,summ]7 --#age4 #agd;b4 ,disk flat or some:at convex 7,sunfl[]7 7summ] & autumn7 --#agi4 #age;a4 ,disk yell[ or gre5i%-yell[ 7#a-c dm4 high7 --#agf4 #age;b4 ,disk gray-br[n or purple 7#e-ae dm4 high7 --#agg4 #agf;a4 ,pr9cipal /em-leaves p9nately divid$ ,gold5 ,gl[1 ,rudbeckia lac9iata4 #agf;b4 ,pr9cipal /em-leaves m]ely s]rate ,yell[ ,ironwe$1 ,act9om]is alt]nifolia4 #agg;a4 ,rays droop+2 leaves p9nately divid$ ,gray-head$ ,conefl[]1 ,lepa*ys p9nata4 #agg;b4 ,rays spread+ :5 9 bloom --#agh4 #agh;a4 ,l[] leaves deeply #c-lob$ ,conefl[]1 ,rudbeckia triloba4 #agh;b4 ,/em-leaves %>ply s]rate ,conefl[]1 ,rudbeckia speciosa v>4 sullivantii4 #agh;c4 ,/em-leaves entire or sp>+ly s]rate ,black-ey$ ,susan1 ,rudbeckia hirta4 #agi;a4 ,disk-fl[]s br[n or purple --#ahj4 #agi;b4 ,disk-fl[]s yell[ --#ahb4 #ahj;a4 ,/em-leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate2 petioles prom95t1 n w+$ --#aha4 #ahj;b4 ,/em-leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate1 contract$ at ! base into a w+$ petiole 7#f-ae dm4 high7 ,sunfl[]1 ,helian?us atrorub5s4 #ahj;c4 ,/em-leaves oblong-lanceolate1 v ?ick & rigid1 gradually n>r[$ to a sessile or %ort-petiol$ base 7#e-bj dm4 high7 ,sunfl[]1 ,helian?us scab]rimus4 #aha;a4 ,disk less ?an #b cm4 wide 7#c-aj dm4 high7 ,sunfl[]1 ,helian?us petiol>is4 #aha;b4 ,disk m ?an #b4e cm4 wide 7#a-c m4 high7 ,sunfl[]1 ,helian?us annuus4 #ahb;a4 ,leaves all or *iefly at ! base 7#e-aj dm4 high7 ,sunfl[]1 ,helian?us occid5talis4 #ahb;b4 ,leaves *iefly scatt]$ on ! /em --#ahc4 #ahc;a4 ,leaves ma9ly or all alt]nate1 & n def9itely #c-ribb$ 7#a-d m4 high7 --#ahd4 #ahc;b4 ,leaves ma9ly or all opposite1 lanceolate to ovate1 & #c-ribb$ --#ahf4 #ahd;a4 ,/em glabr\s ,sunfl[]1 ,helian?us grosse-s]ratus4 #ahd;b4 ,/em hairy or r\gh --#ahe4 #ahe;a4 ,leaves hairy b5ea?1 r\gh above1 lanceolate ,sunfl[]1 ,helian?us giganteus4 #ahe;b4 ,leaves r\gh on bo? sides1 elongat$ ,sunfl[]1 ,helian?us maximiliani4 #ahf;a4 ,leaves sessile 7#e-ae dm4 high7 --#ahg4 #ahf;b4 ,leaves petiol$1 or n>r[$ at ! base into a petiole 7#e-cj dm4 high7 --#ahi4 #ahg;a4 ,leaves w$ge-%ape at ! base ,sunfl[]1 ,helian?us doronicoides4 #ahg;b4 ,leaves r\nd$ at ! base --#ahh4 #ahh;a4 ,/em glabr\s or ne>ly s ,sunfl[]1 ,helian?us div>icatus4 #ahh;b4 ,/em d5sely & s(tly hirsute ,sunfl[]1 ,helian?us mollis4 #ahi;a4 ,/ems r\gh1 pubesc5t1 or hispid --#aij4 #ahi;b4 ,/ems glabr\s or ne>ly s --#aic4 #aij;a4 ,leaves n>r[ly lanceolate1 m ?an #e times z long z wide ,sunfl[]1 ,helian?us giganteus v>4 subtub]osus4 #aij;b4 ,leaves ovate-lanceolate1 n m ?an #d times z long z wide --#aia4 #aia;a4 ,leaves r\nd$ at base1 above ! petiole ,sunfl[]1 ,helian?us hirsutus4 #aia;b4 ,leaves n>r[$ to ! base --#aib4 #aib;a4 ,bracts ( ! involucre spread+ ,j]usalem ,arti*oke1 ,helian?us tub]osus4 #aib;b4 ,bracts all appress$ ,sunfl[]1 ,helian?us laetiflorus4 #aic;a4 ,heads #c cm4 wide or less1 includ+ ! rays ,sunfl[]1 ,helian?us microcephalus4 #aic;b4 ,heads #d cm4 wide or m1 includ+ ! rays --#aid4 #aid;a4 ,leaves n>r[$ at ! base into a w+$ petiole --#aie4 #aid;b4 ,petiole sl5d]1 n w+$ ,sunfl[]1 ,helian?us decapetalus4 #aie;a4 ,leaves gre5 on bo? sides2 bracts long] ?an ! disk ,sunfl[]1 ,helian?us tra*eliifolius4 #aie;b4 ,leaves pal] bel[ ?an above2 bracts n long] ?an ! disk --#aif4 #aif;a4 ,leaves m9utely pubesc5t b5ea? ,sunfl[]1 ,helian?us /rumosus4 #aif;b4 ,leaves conspicu\sly d[ny b5ea? ,sunfl[]1 ,helian?us /rumosus v>4 mollis4 #aig;a4 ,leaves all basal1 ! fl[]s on scaly /alks 7#b-h dm4 high2 fl[]s :iti%1 9 spr+7 ,coltsfoot1 ,petasites palmata4 #aig;b4 ,/em-leaves pres5t1 opposite --#aih4 #aig;c4 ,/em-leaves pres5t1 alt]nate --#bjj4 #aih;a4 ,leaves ovate1 d5tate1 #b-f cm4 long 7#b-h dm4 high2 summ]7 7,gal9soga7 --#aii4 #aih;b4 ,leaves lob$1 #aj-be cm4 long --#aac;b4 #aii;a4 ,pubesc5ce sp>se1 appress$ ,gal9soga1 ,gal9soga p>viflora4 #aii;b4 ,pubesc5ce abundant1 spread+ ,gal9soga1 ,gal9soga p>viflora v>4 hispida4 #bjj;a4 ,leaves dissect$ or deeply lob$ or p9natifid2 pappus nev] capill>y2 rays :ite to p9k 7#c-aj dm4 high2 summ] & autumn7 --#bja4 #bjj;b4 ,leaves entire or s]rate --#bjf4 #bja;a4 ,heads #d-h mm4 wide 7,y>r[7 --#bjb4 #bja;b4 ,heads #ab-ej mm4 wide --#bjc4 #bjb;a4 ,fl[]-clu/]s flat-topp$ ,y>r[1 ,a*illea millefolium4 #bjb;b4 ,fl[]-clu/]s v convex ,y>r[1 ,a*illea lanulosa4 #bjc;a4 ,pr9cipal leaves p9natifid --#bac;a4 #bjc;b4 ,pr9cipal leaves #a-c times p9nately p>t$ or dissect$ --#bjd4 #bjd;a4 ,leaf-segm5ts v n>r[ly l9e>2 leaves #b-c-p9nate --#bje4 #bjd;b4 ,leaf-segm5ts l9e> or lanceolate2 heads #b4e-e cm4 wide ,camomile1 ,an!mis arv5sis4 #bjd;c4 ,leaf-segm5ts ovate to ovate-oblong2 heads #a-b cm4 wide ,fev]few1 ,*rysan!mum p>!nium4 #bje;a4 ,foliage /rongly sc5t$ ,dog ,f5nel1 ,an!mis cotula4 #bje;b4 ,foliage n ill-sc5t$ ,wild ,camomile1 ,matric>ia inodora4 #bjf;a4 ,heads #c-f mm4 broad1 includ+ ! rays 7summ] & autumn7 --#bjg4 #bjf;b4 ,heads #g mm4 broad or l>g]1 includ+ ! rays --#bji4 #bjg;a4 ,rays purple 7#a-d dm4 high7 ,horse ,we$1 ,erig]on div>icatus4 #bjg;b4 ,rays :ite --#bjh4 #bjh;a4 ,leaves obovate to oblong 7#c-aj dm4 high7 --#ace;a4 #bjh;b4 ,leaves l9e> or n>r[ly lanceolate 7#b-be dm4 high7 ,horse ,we$1 ,erig]on canad5sis4 #bji;a4 ,pappus none1 or m9ute & n ( hairs 7summ] & autumn7 --#baj4 #bji;b4 ,pappus ( hairs --#bad4 #baj;a4 ,disk-fl[]s purple or br[n 7#d-ab dm4 high2 rays p9k7 7,purple ,conefl[]7 --#baa4 #baj;b4 ,disk-fl[]s yell[ or ne>ly :ite --#bab4 #baa;a4 ,leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate1 mo/ ( !m s]rate ,purple ,conefl[]1 ,braun]ia purpurea4 #baa;b4 ,leaves n>r[ly lanceolate1 gradually n>r[$ at ! base1 entire ,purple ,conefl[]1 ,braun]ia pallida4 #bab;a4 ,rays broadly obovate2 heads #a-b cm4 wide 7#c-f dm4 high7 ,sneezewort1 ,a*illea pt>mica4 #bab;b4 ,rays oblong or n>r[ly elliptical --#bac4 #bac;a4 ,leaves s]rate 7#c-aj dm4 high7 ,ox-eye ,daisy1 ,*rysan!mum leucan!mum v>4 p9natifidum4 #bac;b4 ,leaves entire 7#h-be dm4 high7 ,boltonia1 ,boltonia a/]oides4 #bad;a4 ,involucral bracts all ! same l5g? or ne>ly s & n>r[1 or ) a few %ort out] ones2 plants bloom+ 9 spr+ & summ]1 or a few plants p]si/+ 9 bloom until autumn 7,fleabane7 --#bae4 #bad;b4 ,involucral bracts unequal1 ! out] successively %ort] 7or r>ely ne>ly equal71 loosely or closely ov]lapp+2 plants #c-ae dm4 high1 bloom+ 9 late summ] & autumn 7,a/]7 --#bba4 #bae;a4 ,rays %ort & inconspicu\s1 b>ely long] ?an ! pappus 7#a-e dm4 high2 summ]7 ,fleabane1 ,erig]on acris v>4 a/]oides4 #bae;b4 ,rays conspicu\s1 spread+1 #c mm4 long or m --#baf4 #baf;a4 ,r>e plants ( ! ,nor!rn ,p59sula1 ) entire leaves & /ems #a-e dm4 high1 f a ?ick woody root 7fl[]s :ite or purple1 summ]7 --#bag4 #baf;b4 ,common species1 ) erect /ems f fibr\s roots2 leaves too!d 7except 9 "o species7 --#bah4 #bag;a4 ,heads #c-e cm4 wide2 rays ab\t #ajj ,fleabane1 ,erig]on glabellus4 #bag;b4 ,heads #a-b cm4 wide2 rays #bj-cj ,fleabane1 ,erig]on hyssopifolius4 #bah;a4 ,/em unbran*$1 except = ! p$uncles2 leaves *iefly basal2 heads #a-i 7#b-e dm4 high2 fl[]s pale-purple1 spr+7 ,fleabane1 ,erig]on pul*ellus4 #bah;b4 ,/em bran*$2 pr9cipal leaves on ! /em2 heads usually num]\s 7#c-ab dm4 high2 spr+ & summ]7 --#bai4 #bai;a4 ,/em-leaves l9e>1 entire ,fleabane1 ,erig]on ramosus4 #bai;b4 ,/em-leaves ovate-lanceolate1 ! pr9cipal ones too!d --#bbj4 #bbj;a4 ,rays #ajj or m1 light-purple or p9k ,fleabane1 ,erig]on philadelphicus4 #bbj;b4 ,rays mu* few]1 :ite ,fleabane1 ,erig]on annuus4 #bba;a4 ,basal leaves petiol$ & he>t-%ape at ! base --#bbb4 #bba;b4 ,basal leaves n petiol$2 /em-leaves ) he>t-%ape clasp+ bases --#bca4 #bba;c4 ,basal & /em-leaves sessile or petiol$1 b nev] he>t-%ape or clasp+ --#bdj4 #bbb;a4 ,rays :ite or violet --#bbc4 #bbb;b4 ,rays blue --#bbe4 #bbc;a4 ,plant gl&ul>1 especially on ! p$icels & bran*es ( ! infloresc5ce ,a/]1 ,a/] macrophyllus4 #bbc;b4 ,plant n gl&ul> --#bbd4 #bbd;a4 ,leaves r\gh above ,a/]1 ,a/] s*reb]i4 #bbd;b4 ,leaves smoo? above ,a/]1 ,a/] div>icatus4 #bbe;a4 ,/em-leaves clasp+ ! /em by a cordate base ,a/]1 ,a/] undulatus4 #bbe;b4 ,/em-leaves n cordate-clasp+ --#bbf4 #bbf;a4 ,leaves entire --#bbg4 #bbf;b4 ,leaves s]rate --#bbh4 #bbg;a4 ,leaves glabr\s above ,a/]1 ,a/] %ortii4 #bbg;b4 ,leaves r\gh above ,a/]1 ,a/] azureus4 #bbh;a4 ,involucre #d-f mm4 long --#bbi4 #bbh;b4 ,involucre #f-aj mm4 long --#bcj4 #bbi;a4 ,leaves r\gh2 petioles mo/ly w+$ ,a/]1 ,a/] l[rieanus4 #bbi;b4 ,leaves smoo?2 petioles sl5d]1 n w+$ ,a/]1 ,a/] cordifolius4 #bcj;a4 ,heads few1 seldom m ?an #aj1 9 a loose spread+ clu/] ,a/]1 ,a/] l9dleyanus4 #bcj;b4 ,heads num]\s1 9 a r elongate cr[d$ clu/] ,a/]1 ,a/] sagittifolius4 #bca;a4 ,/em hirsute or r\gh-pubesc5t --#bcb4 #bca;b4 ,/em smoo?1 or ess5tially s --#bcf4 #bcb;a4 ,leaves conspicu\sly s]rate ,a/]1 ,a/] puniceus4 #bcb;b4 ,leaves entire or ne>ly s --#bcc4 #bcc;a4 ,leaves n>r[$ t[>d ! base & b>ely clasp+1 l9e> or oblong-l9e> --#bcd4 #bcc;b4 ,leaves ovate-oblong or lanceolate1 ) a broad conspicu\sly clasp+ base --#bce4 #bcd;a4 ,involucre pubesc5t b n gl&ul> ,a/]1 ,a/] ame?y/9us4 #bcd;b4 ,involucre gl&ul> ,a/]1 ,a/] oblongifolius4 #bce;a4 ,involucre v gl&ul> & viscid2 rays v num]\s1 violet-purple2 leaves lanceolate ,a/]1 ,a/] novae-angliae4 #bce;b4 ,involucre slightly gl&ul> or n at all2 rays #bj-cj1 g5]ally blue-purple2 leaves ovate-oblong ,a/]1 ,a/] pat5s4 #bcf;a4 ,leaves ( a l9e> type --#bcg4 #bcf;b4 ,leaves broad] ?an l9e>1 at lea/ #a cm4 wide --#bch4 #bcg;a4 ,bracts n>r[1 approximately equal 9 l5g? --#bec;a4 #bcg;b4 ,bracts ( sev]al l5g?s1 ! out] successively %ort] --#bef;a4 #bch;a4 ,leaves smoo? above ,a/]1 ,a/] laevis4 #bch;b4 ,leaves r\gh above --#bci4 #bci;a4 ,leaves contract$ bel[ ! middle & !n abruptly dilat$ to ! clasp+ base ,a/]1 ,a/] pr5an?oides4 #bci;b4 ,leaves gradually n>r[$ t[>d ! base ,a/]1 ,a/] puniceus4 #bdj;a4 ,rays conspicu\s --#bda4 #bdj;b4 ,rays m9ute or want+ ,a/]1 ,a/] angu/us4 #bda;a4 ,/ems & leaves gray ) a silky pubesc5ce ,a/]1 ,a/] s]iceus4 #bda;b4 ,/em & leaves gre51 n silky --#bdb4 #bdb;a4 ,bracts gl&ul>-viscid2 rays violet ,a/]1 ,a/] oblongifolius4 #bdb;b4 ,bracts bri/ly-ciliate --#bdc4 #bdb;c4 ,bracts smoo? or pubesc5t1 n gl&ul> or bri/ly-ciliate --#bdd4 #bdc;a4 ,leaves cr[d$1 rigid2 rays :ite ,a/]1 ,a/] multiflorus4 #bdc;b4 ,leaves n cr[d$ & rigid2 rays blue --#bcd;a4 #bdd;a4 ,bracts n>r[$ at ! tip into ?ick5$ firm gre5 awl-%ape po9ts --#bde4 #bdd;b4 ,bracts acute or obtuse at ! flatt5$ tip --#bdg4 #bde;a4 ,involucre #d-e mm4 long --#bdf4 #bde;b4 ,involucre #g-h mm4 high ,a/]1 ,a/] polyphyllus4 #bdf;a4 ,/em smoo? ,a/]1 ,a/] ericoides4 #bdf;b4 ,/em hairy2 leaves l9e> ,a/]1 ,a/] ericoides v>4 villosus4 #bdf;c4 ,/em d5sely :ite-woolly ,a/]1 ,a/] ericoides v>4 platyphyllus4 #bdg;a4 ,leaves at mo/ #d4e cm4 long --#bdh4 #bdg;b4 ,leaves l>g]1 at lea/ ! pr9cipal ones --#bdi4 #bdh;a4 ,/ems 9 clu/]s2 leaves rigid1 l9e>1 ) #a ve92 fl[]s blue ,a/]1 ,a/] l9>iifolius4 #bdh;b4 ,/em solit>y2 leaves n rigid2 fl[]s rose-p9k ,a/]1 ,a/] nemoralis4 #bdi;a4 ,heads solit>y at ! end ( m9utely leafy bran*lets2 leaves l9e> ,a/]1 ,a/] dumosus4 #bdi;b4 ,heads 9 flat-topp$ clu/]s2 leaves lanceolate or broad] --#bej4 #bdi;c4 ,heads 9 m or less "o-sid$ racemes --#bea4 #bdi;d4 ,heads 9 panicles or irregul> clu/]s --#bec4 #bej;a4 ,leaves rigid1 l9e>-lanceolate ,a/]1 ,a/] pt>micoides4 #bej;b4 ,leaves n rigid1 lanceolate ,a/]1 ,a/] umbellatus4 #bea;a4 ,leaves lanceolate1 %>ply s]rate --#beb4 #bea;b4 ,leaves l9e> or n>r[ly l9e>-lanceolate1 only ! l>g] ones ) a few tee? ne> ! middle ,a/]1 ,a/] vim9eus4 #beb;a4 ,/em glabr\s or some:at pubesc5t ,a/]1 ,a/] lat]iflorus4 #beb;b4 ,/em woolly ) long hairs ,a/]1 ,a/] lat]iflorus v>4 hirsuticaulis4 #bec;a4 ,bracts n>r[1 approximately equal 9 l5g? ,a/]1 ,a/] longifolius4 #bec;b4 ,bracts ( sev]al l5g?s1 ! out] successively %ort] --#bed4 #bed;a4 ,heads #aj-ae mm4 wide1 includ+ ! rays ,a/]1 ,a/] tradescanti4 #bed;b4 ,heads #ae-be mm4 wide1 includ+ ! rays --#bee4 #bee;a4 ,bracts ) conspicu\s dilat$ or subrhombic tips ,a/]1 ,a/] salicifolius4 #bee;b4 ,bracts )\t conspicu\s gre5 tips --#bef4 #bef;a4 ,rays purple or rose2 bog plant ) l9e> leaves ,a/]1 ,a/] junceus4 #bef;b4 ,rays :ite1 or slightly t+$ ) blue2 leaves oblong to n>r[ly lanceolate ,a/]1 ,a/] paniculatus4 ,,gloss>y ,a*5e4 ,a small1 dry1 h>d1 se$-l fruit conta9+ a s+le se$4 ,acum9ate4 ,tap]-po9t$4 ,acute4 ,end+ ) an acute angle4 ,alt]nate4 ,locat$ s+ly on ! /em1 ) o!r leaves above or bel[4 ,annual4 ,liv+ b a s+le season4 ,an!r4 ,! 7usually7 enl>g$ end ( a /am51 be>+ ! poll54 ,asc5d+4 ,ris+ or curv+ obliquely upw>d4 ,auricle4 ,an e>-%ape app5dage at ! base ( a leaf or o!r organ4 ,auricl$1 auriculate4 ,furni%$ ) auricles4 ,awl-%ape4 ,tap]+ to a sl5d] /iff po9t4 ,awn4 ,an awl-%ape or bri/le-%ape app5dage4 ,axil4 ,! po9t on a /em j above ! base ( a leaf or bran*4 ,axill>y4 ,aris+ f or produc$ 9 ! axil4 ,basal4 ,aris+ f or produc$ at ! base4 ,beak4 ,end+ 9 a prom95t sl5d] po9t4 ,bract4 ,a small leaf ne> ! base ( a fl[] or fl[]-/alk1 or 9 a fl[]-clu/]4 ,bracteal4 ,an adjective d]iv$ f bract4 ,bip9nate4 ,a leaf ) a p9nately bran*$ axis1 be>+ leaflets on ! sides ( ! bran*es4 ,calyx4 ,! out] portion ( ! fl[]1 usually gre5 9 color4 ,9 "s plants x is color$ to resemble 7or replace7 ! corolla1 & 9 o!rs may be m9ute or want+4 ,capitate4 ,%ap$ l a head2 or arrang$ 9 a d5se compact clu/]4 ,capsule4 ,a dry fruit ) usually sev]al se$s1 op5+ at maturity4 ,catk94 ,a cyl9drical or ovoid clu/] ( inconspicu\s fl[]s1 = example1 ! pussy will[4 ,cells ( ov>y4 ,! cavity or cavities )9 an ov>y1 9 :i* ! se$s are produc$4 ,ciliate4 ,provid$ ) hairs at ! m>g94 ,clasp+4 ,) ! base ( a leaf or o!r organ :olly or p>tly surr\nd+ ! /em4 ,cleft4 ,deeply divid$ t[>d ! base or ! mid-rib4 ,clos$ %ea?4 ,a leaf-%ea? 9 :i* ! m>g9s are unit$ to =m a tube4 ,composite4 ,a fl[]-clu/] conta9+ sev]al or _m small fl[]s1 closely cr[d$ toge!r & provid$ ) calyx-l bracts1 s t ! :ole clu/] resembles a s+le fl[]4 ,comp\nd4 ,compos$ ( #b or m simil> p>ts unit$1 z a comp\nd ov>y4 ,comp\nd leaf4 ,a leaf ) two or m sep>ate leaflets on a s+le petiole4 ,connate4 ,gr[n toge!r4 ,cordate4 ,he>t-%ape4 ,a :ole leaf-blade may be cordate1 or ! t]m may be appli$ to ! base ( a leaf only4 ,cordate-sagittate4 ,int]m$iate 9 %ape betwe5 cordate & sagittate4 ,corm4 ,an enl>g$ /em-base1 ( solid /ructure & usually und]gr\nd4 ,corolla4 ,! portion ( a fl[] next to ! calyx 79 ord9>y cases74 ,x is g5]ally ! mo/ conspicu\s "p ( ! fl[]1 b may be completely abs5t1 or inconspicu\s1 or replac$ by ! calyx4 ,corymb4 ,a flat-topp$ or convex-topp$ fl[]-clu/]4 ,creep+4 ,) /ems pro/rate on ! gr\nd & root+ at int]vals4 ,cr5ate4 ,) r\nd-po9t$ tee? at ! m>g94 ,cr5ulate4 ,f9ely or m9utely cr5ate4 ,cuspidate4 ,end+ ) a %ort %>p /iff po9t4 ,decidu\s4 ,n p]si/5t = a long "t2 n ev]gre54 ,decomp\nd4 ,repeat$ly bran*$ ) num]\s leaflets4 ,decurr5t4 ,ext5d+ ) w+-l expansions d[n ! /em4 ,decumb5t4 ,a /em pro/rate at ! base1 b ) ! tip m or less asc5d+4 ,dehisc5t4 ,break+ op5 at maturity to dis*>ge ! cont5ts4 ,deltoid4 ,broadly triangul>4 ,dioeci\s4 ,be>+ /am9ate & pi/illate fl[]s ^u sep>ate plants4 ,dissect$4 ,f9ely divid$ into num]\s small or n>r[ segm5ts4 ,divid$4 ,) deep segm5ts or lobes4 ,elliptical4 ,hav+ ! %ape ( an ellipse4 ,elliptical-lanceolate4 ,int]m$iate 9 %ape betwe5 elliptical & lanceolate4 ,entire4 ,) an unbrok5 m>g91 )\t tee? or lobes4 ,epiphyte4 ,a plant gr[+ atta*$ to ! b>k ( ano!r plant1 & )\t connection ) ! soil4 ,erect4 ,gr[+ 9 ne>ly or q a v]tical position4 ,ev5ly p9nate4 ,a comp\nd leaf t]m9at+ 9 a pair ( leaflets4 ,filam5t4 ,! 7usually7 sl5d] basal portion ( a /am51 support+ ! an!r at its tip4 ,fl[]et4 ,a small fl[]4 ,gamopetal\s4 ,compos$ ( unit$ petals4 ,gamosepal\s4 ,compos$ ( unit$ sepals4 ,glabr\s4 ,smoo?2 )\t hairs4 ,gl&ul>4 ,be>+ gl&s4 ,glauc\s4 ,cov]$ ) a ?9 blui% or :iti% deposit1 easily rubb$ (f4 ,glume4 ,a bract at ! base ( a spikelet ( a grass4 ,half recurv$4 ,curv$ half-way backw>d4 ,ha/ate4 ,%ap$ l an arr[-head1 b ) ! basal lobes po9t+ outw>ds in/ead ( backw>d4 ,head4 ,a d5se clu/] ( fl[]s1 ab\t z broad z long4 ,hirsute4 ,) /iff co>se hairs4 ,imp]fect4 ,fl[]s :i* conta9 ei!r pi/il or /am5s1 n bo?4 ,incis$4 ,) deep1 %>p1 irregul>1 divisions4 ,indehisc5t4 ,n break+ op5 at maturity to dis*>ge ! cont5ts4 ,infloresc5ce4 ,a clu/] ( fl[]s4 ,int]node4 ,a section ( /em betwe5 two jo9ts1 or nodes4 ,involucre4 ,a collection ( bracts at ! base ( a fl[]-clu/]4 ,irregul>4 ,possess+ simil> p>ts ( diff]5t size or =m4 ,an irregul> fl[] is g5]ally di/+ui%$ by petals ( unequal size or %ape4 ,lac9iate4 ,cut into n>r[ po9t$ lobes or divisions4 ,lanceolate4 ,%ap$ l a lance-head1 sev]al times long] ?an wide1 & broade/ bel[ ! middle4 ,l9e>4 ,long & n>r[1 b ) ab\t uni=m wid?4 ,l9e>-lanceolate4 ,int]m$iate 9 %ape betwe5 l9e> & lanceolate2 n>r[ly lanceolate4 ,lip4 ,! l>ge/ & mo/ conspicu\s petal 9 an irregul> corolla1 usually appli$ to ! l[] petal ( an or*id4 ,lobe4 ,a segm5t or division ( any organ4 ,leaflet4 ,"o portion ( ! blade ( a comp\nd leaf4 ,lemma4 ,"o ( ! bracts 9 ! spikelet ( a grass1 & describ$ 9 ! treatm5t ( t family4 ,membran\s4 ,?9 or membrane-l 9 texture4 ,monoeci\s4 ,be>+ /am5s & pi/ils 9 sep>ate fl[]s1 b on ! same plant4 ,mucronate4 ,tipp$ ) a %ort small abrupt tip4 ,node4 ,a jo9t ( a /em1 at :i* leaves are borne & bran*es appe>4 ,oblanceolate4 ,rev]s$ lanceolate 9 %ape4 ,oblique4 ,) unequal sides4 ,oblong4 ,some:at rectangul> 9 %ape1 ) p>allel sides4 ,oblong-lanceolate4 ,int]m$iate 9 %ape betwe5 oblong & lanceolate4 ,oblong-spatulate4 ,int]m$iate 9 %ape betwe5 oblong & spatulate4 ,obovate4 ,rev]s$ ovate 9 %ape4 ,obtuse4 ,blunt-tipp$2 t]m9at+ 9 an obtuse angle4 ,odd-p9nate4 ,a comp\nd leaf t]m9at+ 9 a s+le leaflet4 ,once-comp\nd4 ,a comp\nd leaf be>+ leaflets at ! end or along ! sides ( ! ma9 axis4 ,once-p9nate4 ,a comp\nd leaf be>+ leaflets along ! sides ( ! axis4 ,op5 %ea?4 ,a leaf-%ea? ) sep>ate m>g9s4 ,opposite4 ,situat$ 9 pairs on opposite sides ( ! /em or axis4 ,ov>y4 ,! basal1 usually swoll5 portion ( ! pi/il1 )9 :i* ! se$s are produc$4 ,ovate4 ,egg-%ape 9 outl9e4 ,ovate-lanceolate4 ,int]m$iate 9 %ape betwe5 ovate & lanceolate2 broadly lanceolate or n>r[ly ovate4 ,ovate-oblong4 ,int]m$iate 9 %ape betwe5 ovate & oblong4 ,ovoid4 ,egg-%ape4 ,palmate4 ,) sev]al organs or /ructures atta*$ at or proce$+ f ! same po9t2 appli$ *iefly to ! arrangem5t ( pr9cipal ve9s 9 a leaf & ( leaflets 9 a comp\nd leaf4 ,panicle4 ,a loose1 m or less irregul>1 bran*+ clu/] ( p$icell$ fl[]s1 usually mu* long] ?an ?ick4 ,p>allel-ve9$4 ,) ! pr9cipal ve9s ( ! leaf p>allel+ ea* o!r f ! base to ! apex1 or 7r>ely7 f ! mid-rib to ! m>g94 ,p$icel4 ,! /alk ( a s+le fl[]4 ,p>asite4 ,a plant :i* gr[s atta*$ to ano!r & d]ives its n\ri%m5t f x4 ,p$uncle4 ,! /alk ( a fl[]-clu/]1 or ( a solit>y fl[]4 ,peltate4 ,atta*$ to ! /alk by ! l[] surface1 in/ead ( ! m>g94 ,p]5nial4 ,liv+ ?r\gh sev]al seasons4 ,p]fect4 ,be>+ /am5s & pi/ils 9 ! same fl[]4 ,p]foliate4 ,clasp+ ! /em s completely t ! /em seems to pass ?r\gh x4 ,p]ian?4 ,! calyx & corolla ( a fl[]4 ,p]igynium4 ,a sac-l /ructure surr\nd+ ! a*5e ( a s$ge4 ,p]si/5t4 ,rema9+ atta*$ = a consid]able "t4 ,petal4 ,"o memb] or segm5t ( ! corolla4 ,petiole4 ,! /alk ( a leaf4 ,p9nate4 ,) sev]al organs or /ructures atta*$ at ! sides ( an axis or /alk2 appli$ *iefly to ! arrangem5t ( ! pr9cipal ve9s 9 a leaf & ( leaflets 9 a comp\nd leaf4 ,p9natifid4 ,deeply p9nately cut or divid$4 ,pi/il4 ,! c5tral portion ( a fl[]1 consi/+ ( ov>y1 /yle1 & /igma2 ! se$-be>+ "p ( ! fl[]4 ,pi/illate4 ,be>+ pi/ils4 ,polygam\s4 ,appli$ to plants 9 :i* "s fl[]s are p]fect & o!rs ei!r /am9ate or pi/illate4 ,pubesc5t4 ,hairy4 ,raceme4 ,a m or less elongat$ fl[]-clu/]1 be>+ p$icell$ fl[]s along a s+le axis4 ,racemose4 ,arrang$ 9 racemes4 ,receptacle4 ,! end ( a p$uncle or p$icel ^u :i* ! organs ( a fl[]1 or ! fl[]s ( a head1 are atta*$4 ,recurv$4 ,curv$ back4 ,reflex$4 ,abruptly b5t back or d[n4 ,regul>4 ,uni=m 9 %ape or /ructure4 ,fl[]s are g5]ally consid]$ regul> :5 all ! petals are ( ! same size & %ape4 ,retrorse4 ,direct$ backw>d or d[nw>d4 ,revolute4 ,roll$ backw>d or "u4 ,root/ock4 ,a horizontal subt]ranean /em1 s5d+ up leaves or /ems4 ,rotate4 ,:eel-%ape2 ess5tially flat & circul>4 ,sac-l4 ,inflat$2 sack-l4 ,sagittate4 ,%ap$ l an arr[-head4 ,salv]-=m4 ,a corolla hav+ a sl5d] tube abruptly exp&$ at ! summit into a flat or spread+ portion4 ,scape4 ,a p$uncle aris+ directly f ! base ( ! plant1 leafless or be>+ bracts only4 ,segm5t4 ,"o memb] or portion ( an organ4 ,sepal4 ,"o memb] or portion ( ! calyx4 ,s]rate4 ,) %>p tee? at ! m>g94 ,s]rulate4 ,f9ely or m9utely s]rate4 ,sessile4 ,)\t a /alk1 petiole1 or p$icel4 ,%ea?+4 ,inclos+4 ,simple4 ,9 "o piece2 n comp\nd2 usually appli$ to leaves ) a s+le blade4 ,s9uate4 ,wavy-m>g9$4 ,s9us4 ,! angle betwe5 two lobes or divisions4 ,spadix4 ,a %ort fle%y spike4 ,spa!4 ,a l>ge bract or pair ( bracts enclos+ a fl[]-clu/]4 ,spatulate4 ,%ap$ l a spatula1 ) a n>r[ base & an enl>g$1 m or less r\nd$ summit4 ,spike4 ,an elongat$ fl[]-clu/] hav+ sessile fl[]s ^u an unbran*$ axis4 ,spike-l4 ,resembl+ a spike4 ,sp9ulose-s]rate4 ,provid$ ) tee? tipp$ ) m9ute sp9es4 ,spur4 ,a holl[ projection f ! calyx or corolla1 usually sl5d] 9 %ape1 & g5]ally direct$ backw>d4 ,/am54 ,"o ( ! organs ( a fl[]1 consi/+ ( a filam5t & an!r4 ,/am9ate4 ,be>+ /am5s4 ,/olon4 ,a %ort /em aris+ f ! base ( a plant1 pro/rate or ne>ly s1 & ev5tually tak+ root4 ,/riate4 ,m>k$ ) f9e /ripes or ridges4 ,/yle4 ,a portion ( ! pi/il1 usually sl5d]1 & connect+ ! ov>y & /igma4 ,sup]ior4 ,a sup]ior ov>y occupies ! c5t] ( ! fl[] & is n atta*$ to any o!r floral organs4 ,subt5d+4 ,situat$ at ! base ( an organ4 ,subulate4 ,awl-%ape4 ,t]nately4 ,divid$ by ?rees4 ,tom5tose4 ,d5sely hairy ) matt$ or tangl$ hairs4 ,trifoliate4 ,) ?ree leaflets4 ,truncate4 ,cut /raight across at ! tip1 or ne>ly s4 ,tube4 ,! m or less cyl9drical portion ( a gamosepal\s calyx or a gamopetal\s corolla1 di/+ui%$ f ! exp&$ or lob$ t]m9al portion4 ,tubul>4 ,%ap$ l a tube4 ,twice-p9nate4 ,same z bip9nate4 ,two-lipp$4 ,a calyx or corolla 9 :i* ! upp] half is decid$ly diff]5t 9 size or %ape f ! l[]4 ,umbel4 ,a fl[]-clu/] ) sev]al or _m p$icell$ fl[]s all aris+ f ! same po9t4 ,undulate4 ,) a wavy m>g94 ,viscid4 ,/icky4 ,vill\s4 ,) long s(t hairs4 ,:orl4 ,an arrangem5t ( #c or m leaves or fl[]s 9 a circle ar\nd a node4 ,:orl$4 ,9 a :orl4 ,w+4 ,a ?9 flat expansion on ! sides or edge ( an organ4 ,,index ,abies1 #a ,abutilon1 #gb ,acalypha1 #ff ,acan?aceae1 #ajg ,acan?us ,family1 #ajg ,ac]1 #gj ,ac]aceae1 #gj ,ac]ates1 #ij ,a*illea1 #acj1 #aca ,acnida1 #cj ,acorus1 #h ,actaea1 #ci ,act9om]is1 #abh ,add]'s ,m\?1 #ag ,ad5ocaulon1 #aah ,adlumia1 #da ,aesculus1 #gj ,aga/a*e1 #ig ,agrimonia1 #ee ,agrimony1 #ee ,agropyron1 #f ,agro/emma1 #cc ,agro/is1 #f ,ailan?us1 #fe ,aizoaceae1 #ca ,ald]1 #bb ,ald]1 ,black1 #fi ,aletris1 #ac ,alfalfa1 #fa ,alisma1 #c ,alismaceae1 #c ,allium1 #ac ,alnus1 #bb ,alopecurus1 #d ,alsike ,clov]1 #fa ,al?aea1 #gb ,alum ,root1 #ej1 #ea ,alyssum1 #db1 #df ,alyssum1 ,yell[1 #db1 #df ,am>an? ,family1 #cj ,am>an?aceae1 #cj ,am>an?us1 #cj ,am>yllidaceae1 #ad ,am>yllis ,family1 #ad ,ambrosia1 #aad ,amelan*i]1 #ee ,am]ican ,columbo1 #hh ,am]ican ,ipecac1 #eg ,ammophila1 #d ,amorpha1 #eh ,amphic>pa1 #ei ,anac>diaceae1 #fh ,anagallis1 #hg ,anaphalis1 #abj ,&rom$a1 #hf ,&ropogon1 #e ,&rosace1 #hg ,anemone1 #ch1 #ci ,anemone1 ,rue1 #ci ,anemone1 ,wood1 #ch ,anemonella1 #ci ,angelica1 #hb ,anonaceae1 #dj ,ant5n>ia1 #abj ,an!mis1 #acj ,antirrh9um1 #ajc ,any*ia1 #ca ,apios1 #eh ,aplectrum1 #af ,apocynaceae1 #ij ,apocynum1 #ij ,appala*ian ,*]ry1 #ed ,apple1 #ed ,apple ( ,p]u1 #aja ,aquifoliaceae1 #fi ,aquilegia1 #cf ,arabis1 #df1 #dg ,araceae1 #h ,aralia1 #hj ,araliaceae1 #hj ,arbutus1 ,trail+1 #he ,arceu?obium1 #be ,arctium1 #aag ,arcto/aphylos1 #he ,ar5>ia1 #cb ,are?usa1 #af ,arisaema1 #h ,ari/olo*ia1 #be ,ari/olo*iaceae1 #be ,arnica1 #abc ,arr[ ,arum1 #i ,arr[ ,grass1 #c ,arr[ ,grass ,family1 #c ,arr[-head1 #c ,arr[ ,wood1 #aaa ,artemisia1 #aai ,arti*oke1 ,j]usalem1 #abi ,arum ,family1 #h ,as>um1 #be ,asclepias1 #ij1 #ia ,asclepiadaceae1 #ij ,a%1 #hh ,a%1 ,m\nta91 #eb ,a%1 ,prickly1 #fe ,asim9a1 #dj ,asp>agus1 #aj ,asp51 #ai ,a/]1 #acb-acd ,atriplex1 #bi ,av5a1 #f ,av5s1 #ef1 #eg ,baby's ,brea?1 #cd ,balm ( ,gilead1 #ai ,balsam1 #a ,balsam ,popl>1 #ai ,balsam9aceae1 #ga ,baneb]ry1 #ci ,baptisia1 #fa ,b>b>ea1 #dd ,b>b]ry1 #dj ,b>b]ry ,family1 #dj ,b>ny>d ,grass1 #e ,b>r5 ,/rawb]ry1 #ee ,b>tonia1 #hh ,basil1 #ig ,basil-?yme1 #ig ,basswood1 #gb ,bayb]ry1 #ba ,bea* ,grass1 #d ,bea* ,pea1 #ei ,beak$ ,hazel1 #bb ,be>b]ry1 #he ,be>d ,grass1 #e ,be>d-tongue1 #ajd ,b$/raw1 #ajh1 #aji ,bee*1 #bb ,bee* ,drops1 #hd1 #ajf ,bee* ,family1 #bb ,begg> ,lice1 #id ,begg> ,ticks1 #abd ,bellfl[]1 #aab ,bellfl[] ,family1 #aab ,bellwort1 #ab ,b5zo91 #da ,b]b]idaceae1 #dj ,b]b]is1 #dj ,b]gamot ,m9t1 #ih ,b]ula1 #ha ,betula1 #ba1 #bb ,betulaceae1 #ba ,bid5s1 #abc1 #abd ,bilb]ry1 #hf1 #hg ,b9dwe$1 #ia1 #ib ,b9dwe$1 ,black1 #bh ,bir*1 #ba1 #bb ,bir* ,family1 #ba ,bird-foot ,violet1 #ge ,bir?wort ,family1 #be ,bi%op's ,cap1 #ea ,bi/ort1 #bh ,bitt] ,cress1 #de1 #dg ,bitt] ,dock1 #bf ,bitt] ,nut1 #ba ,bitt]sweet1 #ajj ,bitt]-sweet1 #fi ,black ,ald]1 #fi ,black ,a%1 #hh ,blackb]ry1 #ec ,black ,b9dwe$1 #bh ,black ,*]ry1 #ed ,black ,currant1 #di1 #ej ,black-ey$ ,susan1 #abh ,black ,haw1 #aaa ,black ,jack ,oak1 #bb ,black ,locu/1 #eh ,black ,maple1 #gj ,black ,m$ick1 #fj ,black ,mu/>d1 #dd ,black ,oak1 #bc ,black ,raspb]ry1 #ec ,black ,snak]oot1 #hb ,black ,spruce1 #a ,black ,swall[-wort1 #ij ,black ,walnut1 #ba ,black ,will[1 #bj ,bladd] ,campion1 #cd ,bladd] ,nut1 #fi ,bladd] ,nut ,family1 #fi ,bladd]wort1 #ajf ,bladd]wort ,family1 #aje ,blaz+ ,/>1 #ac1 #aba ,blephilia1 #if ,blite1 #bi ,bloodroot1 #da ,bloody ,dock1 #bf ,blue ,a%1 #hh ,bluebell1 #ic1 #id ,blueb]ry1 #hf ,blue ,coho%1 #dj ,blue-ey$ ,grass1 #ae ,blue-ey$ ,m>y1 #ajd ,blue ,flag1 #ae ,blue ,grass1 #g ,blue ,he>ts1 #ajd ,blue-jo9t1 #e ,bluets1 #ajh ,blue ,violet1 #gf ,bluewe$1 #id ,boehm]ia1 #bd ,bog ,rosem>y1 #hf ,boltonia1 #aca ,boneset1 ,false1 #abb ,borage1 #ic ,borage ,family1 #ic ,borag9aceae1 #ic ,borago1 #ic ,b[man's ,root1 #eg ,box ,eld]1 #gj ,bras5ia1 #ce ,brassica1 #dc1 #dd ,braun]ia1 #aca ,braya1 #dg ,bri/ly ,locu/1 #eh ,bri/ly ,s>sap>illa1 #hj ,brome-grass1 #g ,bromus1 #g ,broom-rape ,family1 #ajf ,bu*n]a1 #ajd ,buckbean1 #hh ,buckeye1 #gj ,buckhorn1 #ajg ,buck?orn1 #ga ,buck?orn ,family1 #ga ,buck:eat1 #bg ,buck:eat1 ,false1 #bh ,buck:eat ,family1 #be ,buffalo ,b]ry1 #gg ,buffalo ,bur1 #ajj ,buffalo ,clov]1 #fa ,bugbane1 #ci ,bugle1 #ih ,bugle ,we$1 #ie ,bug-se$1 #bh ,bulru%1 #g ,bur ,clov]1 #fj ,bur ,cucumb]1 #aab ,burdock1 #aag ,bur ,m>igold1 #abd ,burnet1 #eg ,bur ,oak1 #bc ,bur-re$1 #b ,bur-re$ ,family1 #b ,bu% ,clov]1 #fa1 #fc ,bu% ,honeysuckle1 #aaj ,butt]-&-eggs1 #ajb ,butt]cup1 #cf1 #cg1 #ch ,butt]fly ,we$1 #ia ,butt]nut1 #ba ,butt]wort1 #aje ,button ,bu%1 #ajh ,cacalia1 #abb ,cactaceae1 #gg ,cactus ,family1 #gg ,cakile1 #de ,calamagro/is1 #e ,calam9t1 #ig ,calla1 #i ,callirhoe1 #gc ,callitri*aceae1 #fh ,callitri*e1 #fh ,calopogon1 #af ,cal?a1 #cf ,calypso1 #ag ,camassia1 #ad ,camel9a1 #db ,camomile1 #acj ,campanula1 #aab ,campanulaceae1 #aab ,campion1 #cc1 #cd ,canada ,?i/le1 #aah ,canada ,violet1 #gf ,canadian ,blue ,grass1 #g ,canc]-root1 #ajf ,cannabis1 #bd ,cap] ,family1 #dg ,capp>idaceae1 #dg ,caprifoliaceae1 #aji ,capsella1 #df ,c>away1 #hc ,c>dam9e1 #de1 #dg ,c>d9al ,fl[]1 #aac ,c>duus1 #aah ,c>ex1 #h ,c>pet-we$1 #ca ,c>pet-we$ ,family1 #ca ,c>p9us1 #ba ,c>rion-fl[]1 #aa ,c>rot1 ,wild1 #hb ,c>um1 #hc ,c>ya1 #ba ,c>yophyllaceae1 #ca ,ca%ew ,family1 #fh ,cassia1 #fj ,ca/alia1 #ce ,ca/anea1 #bb ,ca/illeja1 #ajb ,cat*fly1 #cc1 #cd ,catnip1 #ih ,cat-tail1 #b ,cat-tail ,family1 #b ,caulophyllum1 #dj ,ceano?us1 #ga ,c$>1 #a ,cel&9e1 #da ,cel&9e ,poppy1 #da ,cela/raceae1 #fi ,cela/rus1 #fi ,celtis1 #bd ,c5*rus1 #e ,c5taurea1 #aba ,c5taurium1 #hi ,c5taury1 #hi ,cephalan?us1 #ajh ,c]a/ium1 #cc ,c]atophyllaceae1 #cd ,c]atophyllum1 #cd ,c]cis1 #eh ,*a]ophyllum1 #hc ,*ama$aphne1 #hf ,*amaelirium1 #ac ,*>lock1 #dd ,*eat1 #g ,*elidonium1 #da ,*elone1 #ajd ,*5opodiaceae1 #bh ,*5opodium1 #bh1 #bi ,*]ry1 #ed ,*]ry1 ,gr\nd1 #aja ,*]vil1 #hc ,*e/nut1 #bb ,*ickwe$1 #cb1 #cc ,*ickwe$1 ,m\se-e>1 #cc ,*icory1 #aae ,*imaphila1 #he ,*iog5es1 #he ,*ives1 ,wild1 #ac ,*okeb]ry1 #ee ,*oke ,*]ry1 #ed ,*rysan!mum1 #aba1 #acj1 #aca ,*rysospl5ium1 #ej ,ci*orium1 #aae ,cicuta1 #hb ,cimicifuga1 #ci ,c9quefoil1 #eb1 #ef1 #eg ,circaea1 #gh ,cirsium1 #aag1 #aah ,ci/aceae1 #gd ,cladium1 #h ,clammy ,locu/1 #eh ,clammy-we$1 #dg ,claytonia1 #cd ,cle>we$1 #bd ,cleft ,phlox1 #ib ,clematis1 #ce ,climb+ ,fumitory1 #da ,climb+ ,rose1 #eb ,cl9tonia1 #ac ,clov]1 #fa ,clov]1 ,bu%1 #fa1 #fc ,clov]1 ,hop1 #fj ,clov]1 ,prairie1 #fj ,clov]1 ,sweet1 #fa ,cocklebur1 #aad ,cockle1 ,corn1 #cc ,c(fee-tree1 #eh ,coho%1 ,blue1 #dj ,colic-root1 #ac ,coll9sia1 #ajd ,coll9sonia1 #ie ,coltsfoot1 #abb1 #acj ,columb9e1 #cf ,com&ra1 #bd ,comfrey1 #ic1 #id ,commel9a1 #i ,commel9aceae1 #i ,common ,blue ,violet1 #gf ,common ,cat-tail1 #b ,common ,vet*1 #ei ,compass ,plant1 #abg ,compositae1 #aac ,composite ,family1 #aac ,conefl[]1 ,gray-head$1 #abh ,conefl[]1 ,purple1 #aca ,coniosel9um1 #hc ,conium1 #hc ,conopholis1 #ajf ,conr+ia1 #db ,convolvulaceae1 #ia ,convolvulus1 #ia1 #ib ,coptis1 #ci ,corallorhiza1 #af ,coral ,root1 #af ,coreopsis1 #abc1 #abd ,corisp]mum1 #bh ,cork ,elm1 #bd ,cornaceae1 #hc ,corn ,cockle1 #cc ,corn ,fl[]1 #aba ,corn ,gromwell1 #id ,corn ,salad1 #aaa ,cornus1 #hc1 #hd ,corydalis1 #db ,corylus1 #bb ,co/m>y1 #aba ,cotton ,grass1 #h ,cotton ,?i/le1 #aah ,cottonwood1 #ai ,c[bane1 #ha ,c[h]b1 #cd ,c[ ,p>snip1 #hb ,c[slip1 #cf ,c[ ,:eat1 #ajd ,crab1 #ed ,crab ,grass1 #e ,crack ,will[1 #bj ,cranb]ry1 #he ,cranb]ry ,tree1 #aaa ,crane-fly ,or*is1 #af ,crane's-bill1 #fd1 #fe ,crassulaceae1 #dh ,creep+ ,c$>1 #a ,creep+ ,wahoo1 #fi ,crepis1 #aag ,cress1 #dc-dg ,cress1 ,bitt]1 #de1 #dg ,cress1 ,field1 #df ,cress1 ,g>d51 #de1 #df ,cress1 ,lake1 #de1 #df ,cress1 ,m\se-e>1 #dg ,cress1 ,p5ny1 #df ,cress1 ,rock1 #df1 #dg ,cress1 ,wat]1 #de ,cress1 ,w9t]1 #dd ,cress1 ,yell[1 #dc ,crotal>ia1 #ei ,cr[b]ry1 #fh ,cr[b]ry ,family1 #fh ,cr[foot1 #ce ,cr[foot1 ,curs$1 #cg ,cr[foot ,family1 #ce ,cr[foot1 ,sea-side1 #cf ,cr[foot1 ,small-fl[]$1 #cf ,cr[foot1 ,wat]1 #ce1 #cg ,crucif]ae1 #db ,cryptota5ia1 #hb ,cuckoo ,fl[]1 #de ,cucurbitaceae1 #aab ,cudwe$1 #abj1 #aba ,culv]'s ,root1 #ajd ,cup ,plant1 #abc ,currant1 #di1 #ej ,currant1 ,indian1 #aaj ,curs$ ,cr[foot1 #cg ,cuscuta1 #ib ,cu/>d ,apple ,family1 #dj ,cut-grass1 #e ,cycloloma1 #bi ,cynan*um1 #ij ,cynoglossum1 #ic1 #id ,cyn?ia1 #aae ,cyp]aceae1 #g ,cyp]us1 #h ,cypress ,spurge1 #fg ,cyprip$ium1 #ah ,dactylis1 #f ,daisy1 ,ox-eye1 #aca ,dalib>da1 #ef ,dame's ,rocket1 #dg ,d&elion1 #aae ,d&elion1 ,dw>f1 #aae ,datura1 #ajj ,daucus1 #hb ,day-fl[]1 #i ,day ,lily1 #aa ,dead ,nettle1 #ii ,decodon1 #gg ,de]b]ry1 #hf ,d5t>ia1 #dd ,dept=d ,p9k1 #cd ,desmodium1 #fb1 #fc ,devil's ,club1 #hj ,dewb]ry1 #ec ,dian!ra1 #ajg ,dian?us1 #cd ,dic5tra1 #da ,di]villa1 #aaj ,digit>ia1 #e ,dioscorea1 #ad ,dioscoreaceae1 #ad ,diplotaxis1 #db1 #dc ,dipsacaceae1 #aab ,dipsacus1 #aab ,dirca1 #gg ,dit* ,/onecrop1 #di ,dock1 #bf ,dock1 ,prairie1 #abb ,dodd]1 #ib ,dodeca!on1 #hg ,dogbane1 #ij ,dogbane ,family1 #ij ,dog ,f5nel1 #acj ,dog ,rose1 #eb ,dog's-too? ,violet1 #ab ,dog ,violet1 #gf ,dogwood1 #hc1 #hd ,dogwood ,family1 #hc ,d[ny ,m9t1 #gh ,draba1 #db1 #df ,dracocephalum1 #if ,dragon ,head1 #if ,dragon ,head1 ,false1 #ii ,dragon ,root1 #h ,drop-se$1 #e ,dros]a1 #dh ,dros]aceae1 #dh ,duckwe$1 #i ,duckwe$ ,family1 #i ,duli*ium1 #g ,dut*man's 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#acj ,yell[ ,alyssum1 #db1 #df ,yell[ ,bir*1 #ba ,yell[ ,cress1 #dc ,yell[-ey$ ,grass1 #i ,yell[-ey$ ,grass ,family1 #i ,yell[ ,foxtail1 #d ,yell[ ,fr+$ ,or*is1 #ai ,yell[ ,ironwe$1 #abh ,yell[ ,lady's ,slipp]1 #ah ,yell[ ,lily1 #ab ,yell[ ,mignonette1 #dh ,yell[ ,monkey ,fl[]1 #ajb ,yell[ ,oak1 #bc ,yell[ ,sweet ,clov]1 #fa ,yell[ ,violet1 #gf ,yell[ ,will[1 #bj ,yew ,family1 #b ,zanni*ellia1 #b ,zan?oxylum1 #fe ,zizania1 #e ,zizia1 #ha ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,transcrib]'s ,notes3 ,page xlv3 ,*ang$ lobel to lob$ ,page #aj3 ,*ang$ ocnta9s to conta9s ,page #ci3 ,*ang$ second #ch;a to #ch;b ,page #hi3 ,*ang$ second #d;a to #d;b ,page #id3 ,*ang$ augu/ifolium to angu/ifolium ,page #ajh3 ,*ang$ second #a;a to #a;b ,page #aji3 ,*ang$ --#ba4 to --#bj4 ,page #abb3 ,*ang$ 7spr+i7 to 7spr+7 ,page #acj3 ,*ang$ autum to autumn ,page #adf3 ,*ang$ ,eveyrla/+1 ,pe>ly to ,ev]la/+1 ,pe>ly ---------------------------------------- -----------------------