,,library ,,tract1 ,no4 #aj ,revised ,edition of ,tract ,no4 #a ,,why ,,do ,,we ,,need ,a ,,public ,,library8 ,,material ,,for ,a ,,library ,,campaign ,compiled by ,,chalmers ,,hadley ,sec'y ,american ,library ,association ,,american ,,library ,,association ,,publishing ,,board #a ,,washington ,,street1 ,,chicago #aiaj 99 99 99 99 99 ,,publications ,,of ,,the ,,american ,,library ,,association ,,publishing ,,board ,postage on book publications extra ,guide to reference books1 by ,alice ,b4 ,kroeger4 ,new and enlarged edition4 ,cloth1 #a4ej4 ,literature of ,american history2 edited by ,j4 ,n4 ,larned4 ,cloth1 #f4jj4 ,supplements for #aijb1 #aijc1 paper1 each #a2 for #aijd1 #be;c4 ,a4 ,l4 ,a4 ,index to general literature4 ,cloth1 #aj4 ,a4 ,l4 ,a4 ,index to portraits4 #c4 ,a4 ,l4 ,a4 ,catalog4 ,paper1 #a4 ,a4 ,l4 ,a4 ,catalog rules4 ,cloth1 #fj;c4 ,a4 ,l4 ,a4 ,booklist 7monthly1 #aj numbers7 #a a year ,list of subject headings for use in dictionary catalogs4 ,cloth1 #b4 ,books for girls and women and their clubs4 ,paper1 #be;c4 ,also issued in five parts1 small size1 #e;c4 each4 ,reading for the young1 with supplement4 ,sheets1 #a4 ,books for boys and girls1 by ,caroline ,m4 ,hewins4 ,paper1 #ae;c4 #e per #ajj4 ,children's reading4 ,paper1 #be;c4 ,small library buildings4 ,paper1 #a4be4 ,library buildings1 by ,w4 ,r4 ,eastman4 ,paper1 #aj;c4 7,continued on #crd cover page7 99 99 99 99 99 ,,library ,,tract1 ,no4 #aj ,revised ,edition of ,tract ,no4 #a ,,why ,,do ,,we ,,need ,a ,,public ,,library8 ,,material ,,for ,a ,,library ,,campaign ,compiled by ,,chalmers ,,hadley ,sec'y ,american ,library ,association ,,american ,,library ,,association ,,publishing ,,board #a ,,washington ,,street1 ,,chicago #aiaj ,compiled from articles and addresses by ,sir ,walter ,besant #g ,e4 ,a4 ,birge1 dean ,university of ,wisconsin1 ,madison1 ,wis4 #ah ,william ,j4 ,bryan #ch ,john ,p4 ,buckley #cb ,waller ,irene ,bullock1 chief loan librarian ,carnegie ,library1 ,pittsburg1 ,pa4 #dc ,james ,h4 ,canfield1 late librarian ,columbia ,university ,library1 ,new ,york #dj ,andrew ,carnegie #be1 #da ,winston ,churchill #af ,frederick ,m4 ,crunden1 ex-librarian ,public ,library1 ,st4 ,louis1 ,mo4 #d1 #bh1 #dg ,j4 ,c4 ,dana1 librarian ,free ,public ,library1 ,newark1 ,n4 ,j4 #aj1 #ab1 #cg1 #db ,melvil ,dewey1 ex-director ,n4 ,y4 ,state ,library1 ,albany #ba ,william ,r4 ,eastman1 chief ,division of ,educational ,extension1 ,state ,library1 ,albany1 ,n4 ,y4 #bb1 #de ,mrs4 ,s4 ,c4 ,fairchild1 ex-vice director ,new ,york ,state ,library ,school1 ,albany1 ,n4 ,y4 #aj ,w4 ,i4 ,fletcher1 librarian ,amherst ,college ,library1 ,amherst1 ,mass4 #f ,w4 ,e4 ,foster1 librarian ,public ,library1 ,providence1 ,r4 ,i4 #dd ,chalmers ,hadley1 secretary ,american ,library ,association1 ,chicago1 ,ill4 #c1 #bi ,joseph ,le ,roy ,harrison1 librarian ,providence ,athenum1 ,providence1 ,r4 ,i4 #bg ,caroline ,m4 ,hewins1 librarian ,public ,library1 ,hartford1 ,conn4 #e ,f4 ,a4 ,hutchins1 ,university ,extension ,department1 ,university of ,wisconsin1 ,madison1 ,wis4 #ac1 #ai1 #bf1 #cf ,j4 ,n4 ,larned1 ex-librarian ,public ,library1 ,buffalo1 ,n4 ,y4 #bj1 #bb1 #cd ,henry ,e4 ,legler1 librarian ,public ,library1 ,chicago1 ,ill4 #ag1 #cj ,james ,russell ,lowell #ah ,william ,mc,kinley #cj ,theodore ,roosevelt #cg ,c4 ,c4 ,thach1 president ,alabama ,polytechnic ,institute #i1 #ci ,alice ,s4 ,tyler1 secretary ,iowa ,library ,commission1 ,des ,moines1 ,iowa #dg ,irene ,van ,kleeck #cf ,,material ,,for ,a ,,public ,,library ,,campaign ,one of the most effective means of conducting a library campaign1 especially in its early stage1 is through the press4 ,not only will the reading and thinking part of the people thereby be reached1 but any library editorial appearing in a newspaper1 will1 because of the public notice given it1 receive greater consideration than if printed elsewhere4 ,library ,commission workers and library supporters in general1 have felt the need of printed material which could be made immediately available in a library campaign4 ,most library addresses and articles are too long1 too scholarly in treatment or have lacked that crisp style necessary for use in the press4 ,editors of newspapers are slow to accept for printing1 signed editorials which have seen service elsewhere4 ,it is suggested that the material here compiled be made as local as possible in its application to individual communities1 and that the editorials be sent to newspapers unsigned by the original writers4 ,the same editorials should not be sent to neighboring communities1 at least in their original form4 ,every attempt should be made to have them appear as fresh and spontaneous as possible4 ,different editorials should always be sent the several papers in the same city4 ,the material here compiled is suggestive and sufficiently comprehensive to meet ordinary conditions4 ,much valuable material has been taken from circulars sent out by the ,library ,commissions of ,oregon1 ,wisconsin and ,iowa4 ,no better advice could be given in opening a public library campaign through the public press than the following1 in the ,wisconsin ,free ,library ,commission ,circular of ,information1 ,no4 #e3 #a ,citizens of ---- believe in free public libraries4 ,they need organization and courage to attack local problems rather than long homilies on the value of good literature4 #b ,public sentiment needs time to ripen4 ,frequent short articles running through the issues of a few weeks are better than a few long ones4 #c ,make the articles breezy1 optimistic1 with local application4 ,you can get a library if you are in earnest4 #d ,appeal to local pride4 ,civic patriotism is the basis of civic improvement4 ,give the names of familiar towns of similar size which have good libraries4 #e ,do not rely solely on editorials4 ,get brief communications from citizens1 but have each letter make only one point1 and that crisply4 #f ,do not waste space rebutting trivial arguments4 ,refute them by affirmative statements4 #g ,get brief interviews with visitors from towns where they have good libraries1 and with your own townsmen who have visited neighboring libraries4 #h ,keep this fact in mind--,your people want a library and only need pluck and a leader4 #i ,remember that the worst enemy of the movement is the talker who wants a library very much1 in the sweet bye and bye1 when all other public improvements are completed4 #aj ,when it is time to strike--strike hard4 ,apologies and faint hearts never won any kind of a contest4 ,,chalmers ,,hadley1 ,secretary ,american ,library ,association4 ,,what ,a ,,public ,,library ,,does ,,for ,a ,,community #a ,it doubles the value of the education the child receives in school1 and1 best of all1 imparts a desire for knowledge which serves as an incentive to continue his education after leaving school2 and1 having furnished the incentive1 it further supplies the means for a life-long continuance of education4 #b ,it provides for the education of adults who have lacked1 or failed to make use of1 early opportunities4 #c ,it furnishes information to teachers1 ministers1 journalists1 physicians1 legislators1 all persons upon whose work depend the intellectual1 moral1 sanitary and political welfare and advancement of the people4 #d ,it furnishes books and periodicals for the technical instruction and information of mechanics1 artisans1 manufacturers1 engineers and all others whose work requires technical knowledge--of all persons upon whom depends the industrial progress of the city4 #e ,it is of incalculable benefit to the city by affording to thousands the highest and purest entertainment1 and thus lessening crime and disorder4 #f ,it makes the city a more desirable place of residence1 and thus retains the best citizens and attracts others of the same character4 #g ,more than any other agency1 it elevates the general standard of intelligence throughout the great body of the community1 upon which its material prosperity1 as well as its moral and political well-being1 must depend4 ,finally1 the public library includes potentially all other means of social betterment4 ,a library is a living organism1 having within itself the capacity of infinite growth and reproduction4 ,it may found a dozen museums and hospitals1 kindle the train of thought that produces beneficent inventions1 and inspire to noble deeds of every kind1 all the while imparting intelligence and inculcating industry1 thrift1 morality1 public spirit and all those qualities that constitute the wealth and well-being of a community4 ,f4 ,m4 ,,crunden4 ,,what ,a ,,free ,,library ,,does ,,for ,a ,,country ,,town #a ,it keeps boys at home in the evening by giving them well-written stories of adventure4 #b ,it gives teachers and pupils interesting books to aid their school work in history and geography1 and makes better citizens of them by enlarging their knowledge of their country and its growth4 #c ,it provides books on the care of children and animals1 cookery and housekeeping1 building and gardening1 and teaches young readers how to make simple dynamos1 telephones and other machines4 #d ,it helps clubs that are studying history1 literature or life in other countries1 and throws light upon ,sunday-school lessons4 #e ,it furnishes books of selections for reading aloud1 suggestions for entertainments and home amusements1 and hints on correct speech and good manners4 #f ,it teaches the names and habits of the plants1 birds and insects of the neighborhood1 and the differences in soil and rock4 #g ,it tells the story of the town from its settlement1 and keeps a record of all important events in its history4 #h ,it offers pleasant and wholesome stories to readers of all ages4 ,,caroline ,m4 ,,hewins4 ,let the boys find in the free library wholesome books of adventure1 and tales such as a boy likes2 let the girls find the stories which delight them and give their fancy and imagination exercise2 let the tired housewife find the novels which will transport her to an ideal realm of love and happiness2 let the hardworked man1 instead of being expected always to read improving books of history or politics1 choose that which will give him relaxation of mind and nerve--perhaps the ,innocents ,abroad1 or ,josh ,billings's ,allminax1 or ,samanthy at ,saratoga4 ,w4 ,i4 ,,fletcher4 ,,why ,,we ,,need ,a ,,library ,a public library in our community would be an influence for good every day in the week4 ,it would make the town more attractive to the class of people we want as residents and neighbors4 ,it would mould the characters of the children in our homes4 ,a good library would get gifts from wealthy citizens4 ,no other public institution offers so fitting an opportunity for a public-spirited citizen to help his neighbors and win their approval and affection4 ,a library in ---- would be the center of our intellectual life and would stimulate the growth of all kinds of clubs for study and debating4 ,it is a great part of our education to know how to find facts4 ,no man knows everything1 but the man who knows how to find an indispensable fact quickly has the best substitute for such knowledge4 ,we need a library to carry forward in a better manner the education of the children who leave school2 to give them a better chance for self-education4 ,we need it to give thoughts and inspiration to the teachers of the people1 those who in the schoolroom or pulpit1 on the rostrum1 or with the pen attempt to instruct or lead their fellow citizens4 ,we need it to help our mechanics in their employments1 to give them the best thoughts of the best workers in their lines1 whether these thoughts come in books or papers or magazines4 ,,wisconsin ,,free ,,library ,,commission4 ,the public library is an adult school2 it is a perpetual and life-long continuation class2 it is the greatest educational factor that we have2 and the librarian is becoming our most important teacher and guide4 ,,sir ,,walter ,,besant4 ,,what ,a ,,library ,,does ,,for ,a ,,town #a ,completes its educational equipment1 carrying on and giving permanent value to the work of the schools4 #b ,gives the children of all classes a chance to know and love the best in literature4 ,without the public library such a chance is limited to the very few4 #c ,minimizes the sale and reading of vicious literature in the community1 thus promoting mental and moral health4 #d ,effects a great saving in money to every reader in the community4 ,the library is the application of common sense to the problem of supply and demand4 ,through it every reader in the town can secure at a given cost from #ajj to #ajjj times the material for reading or study that he could secure by acting individually4 #e ,appealing to all classes1 sects and degrees of intelligence1 it is a strong unifying factor in the life of a town4 #f ,the library is the one thing in which every town1 however poor or isolated1 can have something as good and inspiring as the greatest city can offer4 ,neither ,boston nor ,new ,york can provide better books to its readers than the humblest town library can easily own and supply4 #g ,slowly but inevitably raises the intellectual tone of a place4 #h ,adds to the material value of property4 ,real estate agents in the suburbs of large cities never fail to advertise the presence of a library1 if there be one1 as giving added value to the lots or houses they have for sale4 ,a4 ,w4 in ,,new ,,york ,,libraries4 ,,helpful ,,things ,,done ,,by ,,libraries ,,for ,,teachers ,,and ,,children #a ,graded lists 7sometimes annotated7 of books suitable for children are printed as part of the library's finding lists4 #b ,bulletins of books for special days are printed4 #c ,lists of books on special subjects are printed4 #d ,topics being studied in the schools are illustrated by special exhibits at the libraries4 #e ,study rooms in the libraries are maintained for the pupils of the high schools and the higher grammar grades4 #f ,children's or young people's rooms are maintained at the libraries1 where the children may come into personal contact with a trained children's librarian and with hundreds of books on open shelves4 #g ,story hours or readings for children are conducted at the libraries4 #h ,training in reference work1 in the use of books and libraries1 in the use of finding lists1 card catalogs1 indexes1 etc41 is given by library assistants3 7a7 to teachers at the library2 7b7 at the library to individual pupils and classes that come there2 7c7 at the schools to the pupils in their rooms4 #i ,lectures on classification1 bibliographies1 and catalogs are given by members of the library staff for teachers and normal school students4 #aj ,special study rooms for teachers are provided4 #aa ,special educational collections are shelved for use by the teachers4 #ab ,cases of about #ej books 7traveling libraries as it were7 are prepared by libraries and sent to schoolrooms to remain for a year or less1 teachers to issue books for home use4 #ac ,branch reading--and delivery--rooms are opened in schools1 in charge of library assistants1 with supply of books on hand for circulation and facilities for drawing others from the main library4 #ad ,assistant librarians are placed in charge of work with schools4 #ae ,in large cities complete branch libraries are established in schools on the outskirts of the cities4 #af ,special collections of books are furnished to vacation schools4 #ag ,special cards are issued to teachers on which they may draw more than the usual number of volumes at a time4 #ah ,teachers and principals are allowed to draw a number of volumes for 7a7 reading by children at school2 7b7 reading by children at home4 ,,public ,,libraries4 ,,libraries1 ,a ,,public ,,benefaction ,a library is not a luxury2 it is not for the cultured few2 it is not merely for the scientific2 it is not for any intellectual cult or exclusive literary set4 ,it is a great1 broad1 universal public benefaction4 ,it lifts the entire community2 it is the right arm of the intellectual development of the people1 ministering to the wants of those who are already educated and spreading a universal desire for education4 ,it is the upper story of the public school system1 while it is a broad field wherein ripe scholars may find a fuller training for their already highly developed faculties4 ,it is above all a splendid instrument for the education and culture of those vast masses of boys and girls that are denied the high privileges of the systematic training of the schools4 ,c4 ,c4 ,,thach4 ,the function of the library as an institution of society1 is the development and enrichment of human life in the entire community by bringing to all the people the books that belong to them4 ,,salome ,,cutler ,,fairchild4 ,,meaning ,,of ,,the ,,public ,,library ,cities and towns are now for the first time1 and chiefly in this country1 erecting altars to the gods of good fellowship1 joy and learning4 ,these altars are our public libraries4 ,we had long ago our buildings of city and state1 our halls of legislation1 our courts of justice4 ,but these all speak more or less of wrongdoing1 of justice and injustice1 of repression4 ,most of them touch on partisanship and bitterness of feeling4 ,we have had1 since many centuries1 in all our cities1 the many meeting places of religious sects--our chapels1 churches and cathedrals4 ,they stand for so much that is good1 but they have not brought together the communities in which they are placed4 ,a church is not always the center of the best life of all who live within the shadow of its spire4 ,for several generations we have been building temples to the gods of learning and good citizenship--our schools4 ,and they have come nearer to bringing together for the highest purpose the best impulses of all of us than have any other institutions4 ,but they are all not yet1 as some day they will be1 for both old and young4 ,then they speak of discipline1 of master and pupil1 instead only of pure and simple fellowship in studies4 ,and so we are for the first time in all history1 building1 in our public libraries1 temples of happiness and wisdom common to us all4 ,no other institution which society has brought forth is so wide in its scope2 so universal in its appeal2 so near to every one of us2 so inviting to both young and old2 so fit to teach1 without arrogance1 the ignorant and1 without faltering1 the wisest4 ,the public library is to be the center of all the activities that make for social efficiency4 ,it is to do more to bind into one civic whole and to develop the feeling that you are citizens of no mean city1 than any other institution you have yet established or than we can as yet conceive4 ,j4 ,c4 ,,dana4 ,,public ,,libraries1 ,a ,,world-,,wide ,,movement ,the world-wide library movement of the past few years is an important factor in the educational world4 ,the public library is now recognized as one of the most effective of the preventive measures advocated by modern social students4 ,it is considered an essential part of any system of public education1 affording opportunity for self-education1 and supplementing the average five years of school life4 ,educators now realize that the school offers but the beginning of education1 and that the library is its necessary complement and supplement4 ,this increase of library facilities has greatly influenced school work1 in bringing home to teachers the fact that it is as important to teach what to read as to give children the ability to read4 ,the library of to-day is not wholly for recreation1 but it is the people's university4 ,it is entitled to the same consideration which is given to the public schools1 and to the same sort of support4 ,the whole conception of the library has changed as practical men of affairs have come to the realization of the fact that they must have accessible the records of past experience and experiments4 ,,oregon ,,library ,,commission4 ,,the ,,public ,,library ,we all believe in public libraries4 ,we frequently discuss the library we are to get bye and bye4 ,we do not find that it is helping the boys and girls who are growing up in our town now4 ,will the next generation need it more than this8 ,will the children of the next generation be dearer to us than the boys and girls that now cheer our firesides8 ,will they use a library better because their parents have not had such privileges8 ,we all want a library1 for ourselves1 for our neighbors1 for the good name of our village4 ,why not get it now and be getting the good out of it8 ,it is only a question of method4 ,the library when built should benefit all the people1 and therefore it should be built by all the people4 ,give us all a chance to help1 and then the library will belong to all of us4 ,,wisconsin ,,free ,,library ,,commission4 ,,libraries ,,and ,,happiness ,the great purpose of a public library is to promote and unite intelligence4 ,it brings together the products of the wise minds of the world4 ,it holds within its walls a collection of all the wise and witty things ever said3 these it marks and indexes and offers to its friends4 ,it is in its community a sort of intellectual minuteman1 always ready to supply to every comer something of interest and pleasure4 ,it puts good books1 and no others1 into the hands of children4 ,it tells about ,cinderella and informs you on riots in ,moscow4 ,it offers you a novel of modern ,japan and a history of ,venice of the past4 ,it knows about the milk in the cocoanut1 the floods of the river ,nile1 the advantages of education1 the evils of legislation1 how to plan a home1 why bread won't rise1 and can tell more about the mental failings that give ,jamaica and ,venezuela trouble than most of our congressmen ever dreamed of4 ,reading is the short cut into the heart of life4 ,if you are talking with a group of friends about1 for example1 different parts of the ,united ,states1 and some one happens to mention a city or town in which you have lived1 note how your interest quickens1 and how eager you are to hear news of the place or to tell of your experience in it4 ,this is a simple every-day fact4 ,the same thing you have observed a thousand times about any subject or talk with which you may be familiar4 ,we learn about many things just by keeping alive and moving round6 ,those things we have learned about we can't help being interested in4 ,that is the way we are made4 ,if we knew about more things our interests would be greater in number1 keener1 more satisfying2 we would talk more1 ask more questions1 be more alert1 get more pleasure4 ,the lesson from this is plain enough3 if you wish to have a good time1 learn something4 ,you like to meet old friends4 ,your brain1 also1 likes to come across things it knows already1 to renew acquaintance with the knowledge it has stored away and half forgotten4 ,the pleasures of recognition and association2 the delights of renewing your friendships with your own ideas are many1 easy to get1 never failing4 ,but if you wish to have interests and delights in good plenty you must know of many things4 ,if you wish to be happy1 learn something4 ,this sounds like advice to a student4 ,it is not1 it is a suggestion to the wayfarer4 ,for this learning process may be as delightful as it is to gather flowers by the roadside in a summer walk4 ,j4 ,c4 ,,dana4 ,,library ,,worth ,,self-,,denial ,an inexhaustible mine of pleasure is open for the boy or girl who loves good books and has access to them4 ,without effort on the part of the parent they are kept off the street and from the company of the idle and vicious and are storing their minds with useful knowledge1 or are being taught high ideals and noble purposes4 ,thus they develop into men and women who are an honor to their parents and worthy citizens of our great republic4 ,such is the product of a ,free ,public ,library4 ,is it not worth the small pittance it will cost8 ,many a laboring man spends more money in a week for tobacco than the maintenance of a library would cost him in a year4 ,is not the education and the development of our bright boys and girls worth a little self-denial8 ,we all desire that our children shall have better opportunities than we have had1 and not have to work as we have worked4 ,here is an opportunity to help them help themselves1 which is the very best help that can be given any one4 ,let's be boosters and help ourselves1 help our town1 and help our boys and girls by unitedly supporting the library proposition4 ,,iowa ,,library ,,commission4 ,,reasons ,,for ,,having ,a ,,free ,,public ,,library ,public libraries have without delay become an essential part of a public education system and are as clearly useful as the public schools4 ,they are not only classed with schools1 but have generally become influential adjuncts of the public schools4 ,the number of readers is rapidly increasing and the character of the books is constantly improving4 ,not infrequently the objection is heard that the public libraries are opening the doors to light and useless books2 that reading can be1 and often is1 carried to a vicious and enervating excess1 and therefore that the libraries' influence is doubtful and on the whole not good4 ,this argument does not need elaborate exposure4 ,the main purpose of the library is to counteract and check the circulation and influence of the empty and not infrequently vicious books that are so rife4 ,a visit to any news-stand will disclose a world of low and demoralizing penny dreadfuls and other trash4 ,these are bought by boys and girls because they want to read and can nowhere else obtain reading material4 ,this deluge of worthless periodicals and books can be counteracted only by gratuitous supplies from the public library4 ,whether these counteracting books be fiction or not1 they may be pure and harmless1 and often of intellectual merit and moral excellence4 ,the question is not whether people shall read fiction--for read it they will--but whether they are to have good fiction instead of worthless and harmful trash4 ,the tendency to read inferior books can soon be checked by a good library4 ,if the attention of the children in school is directed to good books1 and the free library contains such books1 there will be no thought of the news-stand as the place for finding reading matter4 ,the economical reason for establishing free public libraries is the fact that public officers and public taxation manage and support them efficiently and make them available to the largest number of readers4 ,by means of a free library there is the best utilization of effort and of resources at a small cost to individuals4 ,while a private library may greatly delight and improve the owner and his immediate circle of friends1 it is a luxury to which he and they only can resort4 ,a library charging a fee may bring comfort to a respectable board of directors by ministering to a small and financially independent circle of book-takers1 by its freedom from the rush of numerous and eager readers1 and by strict conformity to the notions and vagaries of the managers4 ,but such a library never realizes the highest utility4 ,the greater part of the books lie untouched upon the shelves1 and compared with the free library it is a lame and impotent affair4 ,the books of a public library actively pervade the community2 they reach and are influential with very large numbers and the utility of the common possession--books--is multiplied without limit4 ,before several of our towns lies the question of opening to all what is now limited to those who pay a fee4 ,this is not merely a limitation--it is practically a prohibition4 ,whether right or wrong1 human beings as at present constituted will not frequent in large numbers libraries that charge a fee4 ,the spirit of the age and the tendency of liberal communities are entirely in favor of furnishing this means of education and amusement without charge4 ,certainly towns which can maintain by taxation1 paupers1 parks1 highways and schools have no reasonable ground for denying free reading to their inhabitants4 ,these towns spend vast sums of money in providing education1 and yet omit the small extra expenditure which would enable young men and women to continue their education4 ,the experience of ,library ,commissions of various states has amply demonstrated that libraries and literature are sought for and appreciated quite as much by rural communities as by the larger towns1 and not infrequently the appreciation is apparently keener1 because of the absence of interests and amusements other than those provided by the library4 ,there is now no real reason why every part of this state may not enjoy the advantages and pleasures of book distribution1 for concentration of effort in the small towns elsewhere has provided efficient1 attractive and economical libraries1 and could as well do so here4 ,f4 ,a4 ,,hutchins4 ,,mission ,,of ,,the ,,public ,,library ,it is our business in this country to get at the best methods to govern ourselves4 ,how many of our best people have paused to reflect on what that means1 and on all it means8 ,it means that now we have about #hj1jjj1jjj of sovereigns4 ,it was all very well when we were a little confederation of homogeneous stock stretching along the ,atlantic sea-board4 ,we had our dissensions then1 but our population was permeated with the principles of our government4 ,in one hundred years we have swelled from a handful to #hj1jjj1jjj1 and a large part of them made up of additions from the nations of the earth1 and not the self-governing nations4 ,and the problem is to educate the children of these1 as well as our own children1 in the principles of that government of which they are an essential and vital part4 ,this is the first problem1 and if it is not attended to1 our government will crumble away and decay from neglect4 ,we do not want denizens in this state and this nation1 we want citizens4 ,we do not want ward politics1 but we do want government as our forefathers understood it4 ,and it is the duty of every right-minded citizen to work unfalteringly for this end4 ,the question is one of expediency4 ,we want citizens4 ,and the public school and the public library are the places where citizens are made4 ,therefore we must labor for and support these institutions first and foremost4 ,to a very great extent1 the librarian is the custodian of public morals and the moulder of public men4 ,the librarian must1 and he usually does1 feel his responsibility4 ,the word responsibility should be given equal weight with the word liberty and emblazoned beside it1 and it is these two things that the public librarian through his knowledge of good literature must impress upon our coming generations--liberty and responsibility4 ,,winston ,,churchill4 ,,library ,,extension ,our public schools are doing a great work1 but1 after all1 the older generation remains untouched1 and the assimilation of the younger can hardly be complete or certain as long as the homes of the parents remain comparatively unaffected4 ,for those whose early education has been neglected either by reason of family circumstances or because of wayward disposition1 and who realize their need before it is too late1 there are night schools1 business courses and correspondence school courses1 with the minor advantages and stimulus offered by public lecture courses4 ,volunteer study clubs and societies for research are being organized in great numbers4 ,and1 more potent and more forceful1 more universal in its application than all these because better organized1 better equipped and readier to avail itself of all existing affiliating agencies1 is that national movement which has become known for want of a better term as library extension4 ,library extension aims to supply to every man1 woman and child1 either through its own resources or by co-operation with other affiliated agencies1 what each community1 or any group in any community1 or any individual in the community may require for mental stimulus1 intellectual recreation or practical knowledge and information useful in one's daily occupation4 ,,henry ,e4 ,,legler4 ,the opening of a free public library is a most important event in the history of any town4 ,a college training is an excellent thing2 but1 after all1 the better part of every man's education is that which he gives himself1 and it is for this that a good library should furnish the opportunity and the means4 ,all that is primarily needful in order to use a library is the ability to read2 primarily1 for there must also be the inclination1 and after that1 some guidance in reading well4 ,,james ,,russell ,,lowell4 ,,the ,,library--,,pleasure ,,and ,,profit ,we cannot remind ourselves too frequently that a fundamental purpose of good books1 and so of the library which possesses them1 is to give pleasure1 and that the library ought to be more closely and peculiarly associated with pleasure than any other institution supported by the public4 ,life for most of us is sufficiently dull and colorless4 ,the workday aspect of the world is always with us and oppresses us4 ,for the average man and woman1 whose education has been limited1 whose imagination has lacked all wider opportunity for cultivation1 the easiest escape from the cares of daily life1 from the depressing monotony of daily routine1 will be through the avenue opened by the story1 the people's road out of a care-filled life1 ever since the days of ,arabian ,nights4 ,such readers as these desire fiction and ought to have it4 ,if their imagination can be cultivated to the point of reaching similar freedom from care through poetry1 through the drama1 or through any of the higher forms of literature1 so much the better4 ,the library's message is to men and women cramped by toil and narrowed by routine1 ever seeking some way out of this troublesome world into that larger realm which is more truly ours because it is our creation and that of our fellows4 ,this wider world1 in its friendliness and homelikeness1 the library must represent4 ,the library is where the readers are introduced to the friendship of authors and their books4 ,there they are at home and there we too may be at home4 ,old and young1 rich and poor1 wise and simple1 men and women and children1 there we may meet new friends on kindly and familiar terms and widen our thoughts as we learn of their wisdom and their wit4 ,still better1 there we may renew our acquaintance with old friends and feel the contracted horizon of our lives again enlarge as we meet them once more4 ,new friends and old1 they all greet us with an assured welcome and yield to us the best which they can give1 or we receive4 ,we come to them not to learn lessons but to be with them for a little while and to live with them that larger and truer life which their presence creates for us4 ,thus the library performs its high and noble duty of helping men to live1 not by bread alone1 but by every word of ,god1 who1 through good books1 has been speaking to the generations of men not only for their instruction but even more for their delight4 ,e4 ,a4 ,,birge4 ,,value ,,of ,,free ,,libraries ,the best proof of the value of public libraries lies in the cordial support given them by all the people1 when they are managed on broad1 sensible lines4 ,such institutions contribute to the fund of wholesome recreation that sweetens life and to the wider knowledge that broadens it4 ,they give ambition1 knowledge and inspiration to boys and girls from sordid homes1 and win them from various forms of dissipation4 ,they form a central home where citizens of all creeds and conditions find a common ground of useful endeavor4 ,libraries are needed to furnish the pupils of our schools the incentive and the opportunity for wider study2 to teach them the art and science of reading for a purpose1 to give to boys and girls with a hidden talent the chance to discover and develop it2 to give to mechanics and artisans a chance to know what their ambitious fellows are doing2 to give men and women1 weary and worn from treading a narrow round1 excursions in fresh and delightful fields2 to give to clubs for study and recreation1 material for better work1 and1 last but not least1 to give wholesome employment to all classes for those idle hours that wreck more lives than any other cause4 ,f4 ,a4 ,,hutchins4 ,even now many wise men are agreed that the love of books1 as mere things of sentiment1 and the reading of good books1 as mere habit1 are incomparably better results of schooling than any of the definite knowledge which the best of teachers can store into pupils' minds4 ,teaching how to read is of less importance in the intelligence of a generation than the teaching what to read4 ,,the ,,bookless ,,man ,the bookless man does not understand his own loss4 ,he does not know the leanness in which his mind is kept by want of the food which he rejects4 ,he does not know what starving of imagination and of thought he has inflicted upon himself4 ,he has suffered his interest in the things which make up ,god's knowable universe to shrink until it reaches no farther than his eyes can see and his ears can hear4 ,the books which he scorns are the telescopes and reflectors and reverberators of our intellectual life1 holding in themselves a hundred magical powers for the overcoming of space and time1 and for giving the range of knowledge which belongs to a really cultivated mind4 ,there is no equal substitute for them4 ,there is nothing else which will so break for us the poor hobble of everyday sights and sounds and habits and tasks1 by which our thinking and feeling are naturally tethered to a little worn round4 ,j4 ,n4 ,,larned4 ,,the ,,library',s ,,educational ,,mission ,to the great mass of boys and girls the school can barely give the tools with which to get an education before they are forced to begin their life work as breadwinners4 ,few are optimistic enough to hope that we can change this condition very rapidly4 ,the great problem of the day is1 therefore1 to carry on the education after the elementary steps have been taken in the free public schools4 ,there are numerous agencies at work in this direction--reading rooms1 reference and lending libraries1 museums1 summer1 vacation and night schools1 correspondence and other forms of extension teaching2 but by far the greatest agent is good reading4 ,an educational system which contents itself with teaching to read and then fails to see that the best reading is provided1 when undesirable reading is so cheap and plentiful as to be a constant menace to the public good1 is as inconsistent and absurd as to teach our children the expert use of the knife1 fork and spoon1 and then provide them with no food4 ,the most important movement before the professional educators to-day1 is the broadening going on so rapidly in their duties to their profession and to the public4 ,too many have thought of their work as limited to schools for the young during a short period of tuition4 ,the true conception is that we should be responsible for higher as well as elementary education1 for adults as well as for children1 for educational work in the homes as well as in the schoolhouses1 and during life as well as for a limited course4 ,in a nutshell1 the motto of the extended work should be higher education for adults1 at home1 during life4 ,,melvil ,,dewey4 ,,the ,,freedom ,,of ,,books ,the free town library is wholly a product of the last half century4 ,it is the crowning creature of democracy for its own higher culture4 ,there is nothing conceivable to surpass it as an agency in popular education4 ,schools1 colleges1 lectures1 classes1 clubs and societies1 scientific and literary1 are tributaries to it--primaries1 feeders4 ,it takes up the work of all of them to utilize it1 to carry it on1 and make more of it4 ,future time will perfect it1 and will perfect the institutions out of which and over which it has grown2 but it is not possible for the future to bring any new gift of enlightenment to men that will be greater1 in kind1 than the free diffusion of thought and knowledge as stored in the better literature of the world4 ,the true literature that we garner in our libraries is the deathless thought1 the immortal truth1 the imperishable quickenings and revelations which genius--the rare gift to now and then one of the human race--has been frugally1 steadily planting in the fertile soil of written speech1 from the generations of the hymn writers of the ,euphrates and the ,indus to the generations now alive4 ,there is nothing save the air we breathe that we have common rights in so sacred and so clear1 and there is no other public treasure which so reasonably demands to be kept and cared for and distributed for common enjoyment at common cost4 ,free corn in old ,rome bribed a mob and kept it passive4 ,by free books and what goes with them in modern ,america we mean to erase the mob from existence4 ,there lies the cardinal difference between a civilization which perished and a civilization that will endure4 ,j4 ,n4 ,,larned4 ,,good ,,books ,the library offers the advantages of good society to many who could not otherwise enjoy them4 ,this is one of the most important influences that tells on individual character4 ,a man is not only known by the company he keeps1 but to a great extent he is made or unmade by his associates4 ,a great part of what we learn and much of what we are is absorbed unconsciously from our environment4 ,now books are written--at least the good books--by men and women of the better sort4 ,they are people of marked intelligence and refinement4 ,they have just views of truth and duty and are able to reveal to us many secrets respecting the life that is being lived around us4 ,they are interpreters and guides in all lines of human activity and service4 ,to be intimate with them is good society4 ,if then we can bring all these choice spirits by their books into our village and introduce them to our children and our neighbors1 even to the poorest1 and let them talk to all who will listen1 we have done something1 we have done much to raise the tone of general intelligence and refinement4 ,here is the great opportunity to reach the homes of the poor and the careless and even of the baser sort with new light4 ,the books will interest and meet the craving for knowledge which everybody has1 and then will come into confidential relations with many a reader1 starting new trains of thought1 suggesting new ideas1 offering sympathy and kindling faith4 ,the friendless will gain friends and these friends will do them good4 ,in such ways1 this institution1 the public library1 is calculated to enlarge and enrich the community's life4 ,,william ,r4 ,,eastman4 ,,place ,,and ,,purpose ,,of ,,the ,,public ,,library ,the place now assigned the public library1 by very general consent1 is that of an integral part of our system of public and free education4 ,on no other theory has it sure and lasting foundation2 on no other theory may it be supported by general taxation2 on no other theory can it be wisely and consistently administered4 ,a public tax can be levied for the maintenance of a public library only upon the principle which underlies all righteous public taxation1 not that the taxpayer wants something and will receive it in proportion to the amount of his contribution1 but that the public wants something of such general interest and value that all property-owners may be asked and required to contribute towards its cost4 ,the demand for intelligent and effective citizenship is increasing daily1 for two reasons3 ,first--,the problems of public life and of public service1 of communal existence1 are daily becoming more complex1 more difficult of satisfactory solution4 ,second--,we are recognizing more clearly than ever before that our present success and prestige are due to the fact that more than any other people in the world's history have we succeeded in securing that active participation and practical co-operation of the whole people in all public affairs4 ,in the whole people are we finding and are we to find wholesomeness and strength4 ,but coincident with this discovery1 this keen realization of the place and value of all in advancing the common interests of all1 has come the feeling3 ,first--,that the common public schools must be made good enough for all2 and1 ,second--,that even at their best they are insufficient4 ,the five school years 7average7 of the ,american child constitute a very narrow portal through which to enter upon the privileges and duties of life1 as we desire life to be to every child born under the flag4 ,there is need of far more information1 instruction1 inspiration and uplift than can possibly be secured in that limited time4 ,casting about for a satisfactory supplement and complement for the public schools1 we find the public library ready to render exactly this service2 to make it possible for the adult to continue through life the growth begun in childhood in the public school4 ,only in this way and by this means can we hope to continue the common ,american people as the most uncommon people which the world has yet known4 ,henceforth1 then1 these two must go hand in hand1 neither trenching upon the field of the other1 neither burdening or hampering the other1 each helping the other4 ,the public school must take the initiative1 determining lines of thought and work1 developing in each child the power to act and the tendency to act1 making full use of the public library as an effective ally in all its current work1 and making such use of it as to create in each pupil the library habit1 to last through life4 ,the public library must respond by every possible supplementary effort1 by most intelligent co-operation1 by most sympathetic and effective assistance1 and by giving pupils a welcome which they will feel holds good till waning physical powers make further use of the library impossible4 ,,national ,,education ,,ass',n ,,report1 #aijf4 ,the most imperative duty of the state is the universal education of the masses4 ,no money which can be usefully spent for this indispensable end should be denied4 ,public sentiment should1 on the contrary1 approve the doctrine that the more that can be judiciously spent1 the better for the country4 ,there is no insurance of nations so cheap as the enlightenment of the people4 ,,andrew ,,carnegie4 ,,public ,,library ,,is ,,public ,,co-,,operation ,a public library is the flower of the modern forms of co-operation1 which secures for the individual1 luxuries which he could not afford otherwise4 ,instead of buying so many books and magazines which wear out on the shelves after one reading1 let us pool our issues and put the multitude of small sums in one fund1 buy the best at the lowest prices1 and then use the volumes so bought for the good of all4 ,we need spend no more money each year for literature1 but we need to save the wastage due to unused books1 foolish purchases1 book agents1 commissions1 and needless profits--and we can have a public library without other cost4 ,a good public library in this town may help our neighboring farmers as well as our townspeople4 ,they cannot support public libraries in their small communities4 ,their small school libraries give the children a taste for reading1 but give them nothing to gratify that taste when they leave school4 ,let us join our forces for mutual advantage and get a better library and a wider community of interests4 ,,wisconsin ,,free ,,library ,,commission4 ,,use ,,of ,,libraries ,,for ,,reference ,an ability to glean information quickly and accurately from books and periodicals1 to catch a fact when it is needed and useful1 is an indispensable factor in that self-education which all citizens should add to the education obtained in the schools4 ,the schools cannot give a wide range of knowledge1 but they can give the desire for knowledge1 and the library can give the opportunity to gain it4 ,nearly every branch taught in the schools may be lightened and made more interesting by supplementary information gained from a good library4 ,the pupil who is studying the life of ,washington should find many interesting facts concerning him and his time and associates1 not given in any of the formal biographies4 ,he will find an article on ,washington in the ,young ,folks' ,cyclopedia of ,persons and ,places1 but if he knows how to use the index he can find fourteen other articles in the same volume in which ,washington is mentioned4 ,a large encyclopedia will give scores of facts wanted1 under various articles treating of important events in the latter colonial and earlier national history of our country1 in articles on places1 customs1 epochs1 battles1 and soldiers and statesmen who were ,washington's contemporaries4 ,a teacher cannot train a large number of young people to habits of thorough investigation in a brief time1 but she can easily train a few1 one or two at a time1 and they will help to train others4 ,f4 ,a4 ,,hutchins4 ,,the ,,modern ,,library ,,movement ,the modern library movement is a movement to increase by every possible means the accessibility of books1 to stimulate their reading and to create a demand for the best4 ,its motive is helpfulness2 its scope1 instruction and recreation2 its purpose1 the enlightenment of all2 its aspirations1 still greater usefulness4 ,it is a distinctive movement1 because it recognizes1 as never before1 the infinite possibilities of the public library1 and because it has done everything within its power to develop those possibilities4 ,among the peculiar relations that a library sustains to a community1 which the movement has made clear and greatly advanced1 are its relations to the school and university extension4 ,the education of an individual is coincident with the life of that individual4 ,it is carried on by the influences and appliances of the family1 vocation1 government1 the church1 the press1 the school and the library4 ,the library is unsectarian1 and hence occupies a field independent of the church4 ,it furnishes a foundation for an intelligent reading of paper and magazine4 ,it is the complement and supplement of the school1 co-operating with the teacher in the work of educating the child1 and furnishing the means for continuing that education after the child has gone out from the school4 ,these are important relations4 ,from the beginning the child is taught the value of books4 ,in the kindergarten period he learns that they contain beautiful pictures2 in the grammar grades they do much to make history and geography attractive2 in the high school they are indispensable as works of reference4 ,were it not for the library1 the education of the masses would1 in most cases1 cease when the doors of the school swung in after them for the last time2 but it keeps those doors wide open1 and is1 in the truest sense of the word1 the university of the people4 ,the library is as much a part of the educational system of a community as the public school1 and is coming more and more to be regarded with the same respect and supported in the same generous manner4 ,the public library of to-day is an active1 potential force1 serving the present1 and silently helping to develop the civilization of the future4 ,the spirit of the modern library movement which surrounds it is thoroughly progressive1 and thoroughly in sympathy with the people4 ,it believes that the true function of the library is to serve the people1 and that the only test of success is usefulness4 ,,joseph ,,leroy ,,harrison4 ,,the ,,people',s ,,university ,there is no institution so intimately1 so universally1 so constantly connected with the life of the whole people as the free public library--no instrumentality that can do so much to civilize society4 ,the public schools alone cannot accomplish the task of elevating mankind to even the most modest ideal of a well ordered society4 ,our public schools have been the chief source of the greater general intelligence and hence the industrial superiority of our citizens over those of other countries4 ,but the public schools cannot accomplish impossibilities4 ,they are not to blame for the fact that they can reach the great majority during only six or eight years1 or that only one and one half per cent of the children in the ,united ,states go through the high school4 ,but wherever there is a public library1 the teachers are to blame if they do not graduate all their pupils1 at whatever age they may leave school1 into the ,people's ,university4 ,general intelligence is the necessary foundation of prosperity and social order4 ,the public library is one of the chief agencies1 if not the most potent and far-reaching agency1 for promoting general intelligence4 ,therefore1 money devoted to the maintenance of a public library is money well invested by a community4 ,f4 ,m4 ,,crunden4 ,,public ,,library1 ,a ,,public ,,necessity ,any consideration of a public library project is complimentary to a community1 showing1 as it does1 a sense of civic responsibility and a desire for future progress which are commendable4 ,no town can hope to live up to its greatest possibilities without a public library1 and none with a sincere desire need be denied the blessings which result from such an institution4 ,there are few communities which would not provide for a public library1 if its advantages were appreciated1 for it is a remedy for many ills and is all-embracing in its scope4 ,it vitalizes school work1 and receiving the pupil from the school1 the library continues his education throughout life4 ,it is a home missionary1 sending its messengers1 the books1 into every shop and home4 ,with true missionary zeal1 it not only sends help1 but opens its doors to every man1 woman and child4 ,in most towns1 there are scores of young men and boys whose evenings are spent in loafing about the streets1 and to these the library offers an attractive meeting place1 where the time may be spent with jolly1 wise friends in the books4 ,the library substitutes better for poorer reading1 and provides story hours for the children who are eager to hear before they are able to read4 ,it also increases the earning capacity of people1 by supplying information and advice on the work they are doing4 ,increased taxation is one of the greatest hindrances to the opening of a public library1 but any institution which enriches and uplifts the lives of the people1 is the greatest economy4 ,any attempt to conduct civic affairs without a reasonable expenditure of money for such influences is the grossest extravagance4 ,no economy results from ignorance and vice1 and the public library has long since established its claim as one of the most potent remedies for such conditions4 ,it is no exaggeration to state that every dollar expended for library purposes is returned to the community tenfold1 not necessarily in dollars and cents1 but in the more permanent1 more valuable assets of greater happiness1 comfort and progress of the people4 ,a city is the expression of every life within its borders1 and every increase in progress and efficiency in the individual citizen1 is progress for the whole4 ,the most valuable things usually are obtained at some sacrifice1 and the many advantages from a public library are certainly worth paying for4 ,hundreds of small cities and towns tax themselves for electric plants and count themselves fortunate4 ,no one seems to regret this taxation for electric lights which illuminate the citizen's way at night4 ,should there not be an equal or greater readiness on the part of a community to establish a library and so illuminate the mental horizon of every citizen8 ,a public library is a necessity1 not a luxury4 ,every community which realizes this and establishes a library1 proclaims itself an intelligent1 progressive town and one worth living in4 ,,chalmers ,,hadley4 ,the opening of a free public library is a most important event in any town4 ,there is no way in which a community can more benefit itself than in the establishment of a library which shall be free to all citizens4 ,,william ,mc,k,i,n,l,e,y4 ,,public ,,library1 ,a ,,public ,,opportunity ,modern industrialism exacts from the artisan and the worker in every branch1 skill and knowledge not dreamed of years ago4 ,he who would not be trampled under foot needs to keep pace with the onward sweep in his particular craft4 ,the public library furnishes to the ambitious artisan the opportunity to rise4 ,upon its shelves he may find the latest and the best in invention and in method and in knowledge4 ,never in the history of the country has there been such a desire manifested among the adult population for continued education as may be noted to-day4 ,does it not speak eloquently of ambition to rise above circumstances--that same spirit that we have admired in our ,franklins and our ,lincolns and the long roll of self-made men whose lives we are proud to recall8 ,and so library extension takes note of adult education1 and combining its forces with university extension1 realizes that broader movement variously termed home education1 popular education and the people's college4 ,the library gives heed to the future1 and thus does not neglect the child4 ,the intelligent work of the children's librarian1 supplementing the related work of the teacher1 aims to develop the individual talent or dormant resource which finds no chance for expression where children are necessarily treated as masses4 ,and we may never know what society has lost by failure to quicken into life this dormant talent for invention1 for art1 for literature1 for philosophy4 ,the loss to society of the unearned increment is trivial compared to the loss of the undiscovered resource4 ,had retarding influences affected half a dozen men whom we could readily name--,morse1 ,fulton1 ,stephenson1 ,edison1 ,bell1 ,marconi--we might to-day be without the locomotive1 the steamship1 the telegraph1 the telephone--the myriad marvels of electricity that to-day seem commonplaces4 ,what we have actually lost during this great century of scientific development we can never know4 ,nor must we forget that invention is the result of cumulated knowledge which the fertile brain of man utilizes in new directions1 and that the preservation of the knowledge and experience of the centuries is the province of the public library1 where all alike may have access to its riches4 ,the ideal democracy is the democracy of knowledge and of learning4 ,the library endeavors1 by applying the traveling library principle to collections of pictures1 by means of the illustrated lecture and otherwise1 to cultivate among the people an appreciation of the beautiful and artistic that shall ultimately find expression in the home and its surroundings4 ,the library believes1 too1 that recreative reading is a legitimate function4 ,we hold1 with ,william ,morton ,payne1 that a sparkling and sprightly story1 which may be read in an hour and which will leave the reader with a good conscience and a sense of cheerfulness1 has its merits4 ,in this work-a-day world of ours we need a bit of cheer for the hours which ought to be restful as well as resting hours4 ,library extension is imbued with optimism2 its broadening field is educational1 sociological1 recreative4 ,unblinded to the evils of the day1 its promoters realize inability to amend them except by educational processes affecting all the people4 ,they do not preach the gospel of discontent1 but seek realization of conditions which shall bring about contentment and happiness4 ,that1 after all1 for the welfare of the people1 wants need be but few and easily supplied4 ,he who has food1 raiment and shelter in reasonable degree1 access to the intellectual wealth of the world in public libraries1 to the riches created by the master painters and sculptors1 found in public galleries and museums1 to the untrammeled use of public parks and drives1 and the many other universal advantages which are now so increasingly many1 need not envy the richest men on earth4 ,many a millionaire is poorer than the most humble of his employees1 for excessive wealth brings its own train of evils to torment its possessor4 ,commercial success is a legitimate endeavor among men1 and thrift is to be commended1 but when these degenerate into greed1 pity and not envy should be the meed of the man seized with the money disease4 ,,henry ,e4 ,,legler4 ,,the ,,library ,,and ,,the ,,workers ,my opinion of the public library from a workingman's standpoint is1 that it is the greatest boon that could possibly be conferred upon him4 ,it places him at once upon the level with the millionaire1 the student and the philosopher4 ,it opens for him 7whose poverty would otherwise debar him7 the vast fields of literature4 ,here he may wander at will with the master minds of humanity1 hand in hand with the great thinkers of the ages1 open his mind and heart to the lessons taught by those great leaders of men who have conquered nations and shaped the destinies of the human race4 ,here he may associate with the greatest1 the wisest and the best4 ,there is no limit to the possibilities of possessing knowledge which is power1 without money and without price4 ,the public library should be managed in the best interests of the workingman1 and the books should be purchased mainly with his welfare in view4 ,the capitalist can buy and own his own books4 ,the workingman cannot do this4 ,the children of the workingman must get from the public library the general books of reference which the business man has in his home4 ,the children of the workingman must have these books in order properly to do their school work and thoroughly understand it4 ,their teachers require this4 ,the children of the workingman have their schools as well as the library4 ,their work in the schools and the work in the library go hand in hand1 but the workingman himself has only the library for his school and must1 of necessity1 go there4 ,his schoolroom is the reference room1 for the knowledge he gains in that department he can at once put into practical use in any capacity in which he may be employed4 ,the question arises1 having presented those opportunities to the workingman1 will he take advantage of them8 ,i answer1 he surely will4 ,it is now more than twenty years since ,i joined a labor organization1 the ,stone-cutters' ,union of ,minneapolis4 ,since that time ,i have always been affiliated with organized workingmen4 ,during all these years the workingman has taken advantage of every opportunity to better the condition of himself1 his fellow workman and his employer4 ,he has learned to be more patient1 more conservative and more trustworthy4 ,his hours of labor have been shortened1 his wages are higher1 and labor-saving machinery has made his work lighter4 ,he lives in a better home1 his family is better provided for and1 best of all1 his children are better educated4 ,what has wrought those great changes in the conditions of the workingman8 ,what has enabled him to keep up with the swift march of progress during these many years8 ,i will answer in one word1 ,education4 ,just such institutions as the public library have made this possible1 and the public library has given the largest share4 ,,john ,p4 ,,buckley4 ,a ,,world ,,without ,,books ,what if there were no letters and no books8 ,think what your state would be in a situation like that6 ,think what it would be to know nothing1 for example1 of the way in which ,american independence had been won1 and the federal republic of the ,united ,states constructed2 nothing of ,bunker ,hill2 nothing of ,george ,washington2 except the little1 half true and half mistaken1 that your fathers could remember1 of what their fathers had repeated1 of what their fathers had told to them4 ,think what it would be to have nothing but shadowy traditions of the voyage of ,columbus1 of the coming of the ,mayflower pilgrims1 and of all the planting of life in the ,new ,world from ,old ,world stocks1 like ,greek legends of the ,argonauts and of the ,heraclidae6 ,think what it would be to know no more of the origins of the ,english people1 their rise and their growth in greatness1 than the ,romans knew of their ,latin beginnings2 and to know no more of ,rome herself than we might guess from the ruins she has left6 ,think what it would be to have the whole story of ,athens and ,greece dropped out of our knowledge1 and to be unaware that ,marathon was ever fought1 or that one like ,socrates had ever lived6 ,think what it would be to have no line from ,homer1 no thought from ,plato1 no message from ,isaiah1 no ,sermon on the ,mount1 nor any parable from the lips of ,jesus6 ,can you imagine a world intellectually famine-smitten like that--a bookless world--and not shrink with horror from the thought of being condemned to it8 ,yet the men and women who take nothing from letters and books are choosing to live as though mankind did actually wallow in the awful darkness of that state from which writing and books have rescued us4 ,for them1 it is as if no ship had ever come from the far shores of old ,time where their ancestry dwelt2 and the interest of existence to them is huddled in the petty space of their own few years1 between walls of mist which thicken as impenetrably behind them as before4 ,how can life be worth living on such terms as that8 ,how can man or woman be content with so little1 when so much is offered8 ,j4 ,n4 ,,larned4 ,,bookless ,,homes ,the bookless homes of the well-to-do people are familiar to all4 ,inside those walls no books are to be found but a few gift books1 chosen for their bindings rather than their contents1 and perhaps others which some agent has pressed upon them4 ,what can be done to stimulate reading in these homes8 ,ten-cent magazines and cheap stories are devoured by mother and daughters to the destruction of sane thoughts and connected ideas4 ,the man of the house each day reads his newspaper1 containing accounts of crimes1 accidents and the funny paper4 ,happily1 it also contains articles of travel1 invention and discovery1 otherwise his brain would be weakened4 ,young people come from these bookless homes to college each year1 showing great confusion of ideas1 vacuity of mind and utter lack of information4 ,they need us1 need libraries1 need the force of the state to help them4 ,ninety-four per cent of our young people never get into college4 ,ninety per cent1 it is said1 never go to school after they have passed the age of fourteen years4 ,the contribution of the library is to elevate the standard of the town4 ,books depicting noble1 earnest1 well-meaning lives will cause the social standard to progress1 and other standards with it4 ,,oregon ,,library ,,commission4 ,,need ,,of ,,free ,,libraries ,a library is an essential part of a broad system of education1 and a community should think it as discreditable to be without a well-conducted free public library as to be without a good school4 ,if it is the duty of the state to give each future citizen an opportunity to learn to read1 it is equally its duty to give each citizen an opportunity to use that power wisely for himself and the state4 ,wholesome literature can be furnished to all the readers in a community at a fraction of the cost necessary to teach them to read1 and the power to read may then become a means to a life-long education4 ,the books that a boy reads for pleasure do more to determine his ideals and shape his character than the text-books he studies in the schools4 ,bad and indifferent literature is now so common that the boys will have some sort of reading4 ,if they have a good public library they will read wholesome books and learn to admire ,washington1 ,lincoln and other great men4 ,without a library many of them will gloat over the exploits of depraved men and women1 and their earliest ambitions will be tainted4 ,each town needs a library to furnish more practice in reading for the little folks in school2 it needs it to give the boys and girls who have learned to read a taste for wholesome literature that informs and inspires2 it needs it as a center for an intellectual and spiritual activity that shall leaven the whole community and make healthful and inspiring themes the burden of the common thought--substituting1 by natural methods1 clean conversation and literature for petty gossip1 scandal and oral and printed teachings in vice4 ,f4 ,a4 ,,hutchins4 ,,the ,,library ,,and ,,boys ,in ,madison1 ,n4 ,j41 a bird club of boys met twice a week1 once for study and once for an expedition1 and found the library's resources on this topic to be of interest and value4 ,how to utilize profitably the activities of a 'gang' of boys is worth much planning4 ,one librarian is reported to have started a chair-caning class to interest restless boys2 another had a museum of flowers and insects1 another conducted a branch of the flower mission4 ,not less interesting1 and perhaps more instructive1 is a series of talks on ,indian legends accompanied by hunting expeditions for the half-buried implements and relics found in almost every meadow in some parts of the country4 ,boys are eager to learn about natural history and natural science1 and they will be encouraged at the public library4 ,,irene ,,van ,,kleeck4 ,,the ,,library ,get good books2 give them a home attractive to readers of good books2 name a friend of good books as mistress of this home--and you have a library2 all share in its support and all get pleasure and profit from it if they will2 without divisions religious1 politic or social1 it unites all in the pursuit of high pleasure and sound learning1 and gives that common interest in a common concern which is the basis of all local pride4 ,if you have rightly read a book1 that book is yours4 ,you cannot always choose your companions2 you can always choose your books4 ,you can1 if you will1 spend a few minutes every day with the best and wisest men and women the world has ever known4 ,the people you have known1 the things you have said and done1 and the books you have read1 all these are now a part of you4 ,you like yourself better when you are with people who are well-bred and clever2 you respect yourself more when you are reading a bright and wholesome book1 for you are then in the company of the wise4 ,j4 ,c4 ,,dana4 ,after the church and the school1 the free public library is the most effective influence for good in ,america4 ,the moral1 mental and material benefits to be derived from a carefully selected collection of good books1 free for the use of all the people1 cannot be overestimated4 ,no community can afford to be without a library4 ,,theodore ,,roosevelt4 ,,shall ,,we ,,be ,,loyal ,,to ,,the ,,city ,,of ,,our ,,home8 ,the opportunity is at hand to answer this question4 ,a generous gift is offered1 shall we accept it8 ,we can have ---- dollars for a public use1 if we will promise to support the use to which this money is dedicated4 ,shall ---- have a free public library8 ,it is up to us1 her citizens4 ,we have passed the stage of a country town and are ranked and cataloged as a modern1 progressive city1 enjoying many of the advantages of the larger cities4 ,why is this true8 ,because the progressive spirit and sentiment have always triumphed in her onward march4 ,because1 inspired by a public spirit1 her people have joined hands1 and shoulder to shoulder labored for all that pertains to religious1 moral1 social1 industrial1 educational and material development4 ,let us keep marching on4 ,many towns in the state1 nearly all those in the counties surrounding us1 are accepting ,carnegie gifts for libraries4 ,will it not humiliate and degrade us in the eyes of the people of the state if we decree against a public library8 ,let us not detract from our well deserved and established reputation for progressiveness by such a mistake4 ,we appeal to public spirit2 to pride of city2 to pride of home1 and urge you to register your vote in favor of this enterprise4 ,,iowa ,,library ,,commission4 ,the system of free public libraries now being established in this country is the most important development of modern times4 ,the library is a center from which radiates an ever widening influence for the enlightenment1 the uplift1 the advancement of the community4 ,,william ,,jennings ,,bryan4 ,,the ,,school',s ,,greatest ,,boon ,the greatest boon that the system of public schools1 or the college1 or the university1 can confer upon any boy or girl is to teach him or her to use a great collection of literature1 to teach them how to read2 and to plant within their hearts an irresistible impulse and an indestructible delight in so doing4 ,what profits it a man to learn how to read if he does not read8 ,for what purpose is the mind trained and developed by the process of systematic study in the schools if it is not inspired to go farther into the realms of knowledge8 ,is it a rational procedure for one1 upon the completion of his course of training1 to discontinue all further investigation and to lay aside what little love for learning and literature and philosophy and science that may have been aroused in his bosom by school or college inspirations8 ,and how is this advancing and widening of one's horizon by means of the accumulated stores of knowledge gathered by the previous generations of the world's strong thinkers and beautiful writers to be secured1 other than by a collection of good books1 by a library8 ,c4 ,c4 ,,thach4 ,,books ,,and ,,study ,,work ,have our missionary societies access to ,bliss's ,encyclopedia of ,missions1 or to ,dennis's great ,missions and ,christian ,progress8 ,do our ,bible students know ,moulton's ,literary ,study of the ,bible8--a book so illuminating as to seem almost itself inspired4 ,how many of the members of the young people's societies of our churches have access to a standard concordance1 ,bible dictionary1 or a dictionary of sects and doctrines8 ,has the ,w4 ,c4 ,t4 ,u4 the reports of the ,committee of ,fifty1 that great committee of master minds1 who made exhaustive investigation and authoritative reports on the various aspects of the liquor question8 ,have the ,masons a history of free-masonry8 ,has the ,shakespeare ,club books on ,shakespeare1 and is the ,political ,equality ,club acquainted with standard works on political science and the franchise8 ,who has a good ,cyclopedia of ,quotations1 or a ,reader's ,handbook1 where we can satisfy our curiosity regarding allusions to ,fair ,rosamond1 ,apples of ,hesperia1 ,atlantis and ,captain ,cuttle8 ,if we were to see a farmer laboriously cutting his wheat with a scythe1 tying it into bundles by hand1 and then carrying the bundles on his back to the barn1 we would think he was crazy4 ,is it not as foolish1 however1 for us in our study work to do without the suitable tools and helps which we might have in a public library8 ,,holley 7,n4 ,y47 ,,standard4 ,,why ,,cities ,,support ,,public ,,libraries ,the proposition that only an enlightened and an intelligent people can make self-government a success is so self-evident as to make argument but a vain repetition of empty words4 ,and yet we know that the public school side of our system of free public education is as yet only able to secure five years' schooling for the average child in this country--an all too narrow portal through which to enter upon successful citizenship4 ,there is an imperative demand1 then1 for the establishment and the development and for the wise administration of that other branch of our system of free public education which we know as the public library4 ,we must understand clearly that the beneficent result of this system of education is just as possible to the son of the peasant as to the son of the president1 is just as helpful to the blacksmith as to the barrister1 to the farmer as to the philosopher2 and in its possibilities and in its helpfulness is a constant blessing to all and through all1 and is needed by all alike4 ,the most worthy mind1 that which is of most value to the world1 is the well-informed mind which is public and large4 ,only through the development of such1 both as leaders and as followers1 can all classes be brought into an understanding of each other1 can we preserve true republican equality1 can we avoid that insulation and seclusion which are unwholesome and unworthy of true ,american manhood4 ,the state has no resources at all comparable with its citizens4 ,a man is worth to himself just what he is capable of enjoying1 and he is worth to the state just what he is capable of imparting4 ,these form an exact and true measure of every man4 ,the greatest positive strength and value1 therefore1 must always be associated with the greatest positive and practical development of every faculty and power4 ,this1 then1 is the true basis of taxation for public libraries4 ,such a tax is subject to all the canons of usual taxation1 and may be defended and must be defended upon precisely the same grounds as we defend the tax for the public schools4 ,,james ,,hulme ,,canfield4 ,,why ,,mr4 ,,carnegie ,,establishes ,,libraries ,i choose free libraries as the best agencies for improving the masses of the people1 because they give nothing for nothing4 ,they only help those who help themselves4 ,they never pauperize4 ,they reach the aspiring1 and open to these the chief treasures of the world--those stored up in books4 ,a taste for reading drives out lower tastes4 ,besides this1 ,i believe good fiction one of the most beneficial reliefs to the monotonous lives of the poor4 ,for these and other reasons ,i prefer the free public library to most if not any other agencies for the happiness and improvement of a community4 ,,andrew ,,carnegie4 ,,to ,,teachers ,libraries are established that they may gather together the best of the fruits of the tree of human speech1 spread them before men in all liberality and invite all to enjoy them4 ,the schools are in part established that they may tell the young how to enjoy this feast4 ,they do this4 ,they teach the young to read4 ,they put them in touch with words and phrases2 they point out to them the delectable mountains of human thought and action1 and then let them go4 ,it is to be lamented that they go so soon4 ,at twelve1 at thirteen1 at fourteen at the most1 these young men and women1 whose lives could be so broadened1 sweetened1 mellowed1 humanized by a few years' daily contact with the wisest1 noblest1 wittiest of our kind as their own words portray them--at this early age1 when reading has hardly begun1 they leave school1 and they leave almost all of the best reading at the same time4 ,if1 now1 you can bring these young citizens into sympathy with the books the libraries would persuade them to read2 if you can impress upon them the reading habit2 then the libraries can supplement your good work2 will rejoice in empty shelves2 will feel that they are not in vain2 and the coming generations will delight1 one and all1 in that which good books can give2 will speak more plainly2 will think more clearly2 will be less often led astray by false prophets of every kind2 will see that all men are of the one country of humanity2 and will--to sum it all--be better citizens of a good state4 ,i believe you will find there is something yet to do in reading in which the library can be of help4 ,reading comes by practice4 ,the practice which a pupil gets during school hours does not make him a quick and skilful reader4 ,there is not enough of it4 ,if you encourage the reading habit1 and lead that habit1 as you easily can1 along good lines1 your pupils will gain much1 simply in knowledge of words1 in ability to get the meaning out of print1 even though we say nothing of the help their reading will give them in other ways4 ,j4 ,c4 ,,dana4 ,,right ,,use ,,of ,,books ,when we consider how much the education that is continued after schooltime depends upon the right use of books1 we can hardly be too emphatic in asserting that something of that use should be learned in the school4 ,yet almost nothing of the sort really is learned4 ,the average student in high school does not know the difference between a table of contents and an index1 does not know what a concordance is1 does not know how to find what he wants in an encyclopedia1 does not even know that a dictionary has many other uses besides that of supplying definitions4 ,still more pitiful is his nave assumption that a book is a book1 and that what book it is does not particularly matter4 ,it is the commonest of all experiences to hear a student say that he has got a given statement from a book1 and to find him quite incapable of naming the book4 ,that the source of information1 as long as that information is printed somewhere1 should be of any consequence1 is quite surprising to him1 and still more the suggestion that it is also his duty to have some sort of an opinion concerning the value and credibility of the authority he thus blindly quotes4 ,if the school library1 and the instruction given in connection with it1 should do no more than impress these two elementary principles upon the minds of the whole student body1 it would go far towards accounting for itself as an educational means4 ,that it may1 and should1 do much more than this is the proposition that we have sought to maintain1 and we do not see how its essential reasonableness may be gainsaid4 ,,dial1 ,feb4 #a1 #aijf4 ,,the ,,true ,,spirit ,,of ,,democracy ,the library supplies information for mechanics and workingmen of every class4 ,just as the system of apprenticeship declines and employers require trained helpers1 must the usefulness of the library increase4 ,library work offers great opportunity for philanthropy1 and philanthropy of the higher form1 because its work is preventive1 rather than positive4 ,it anticipates evil by substituting the antidote beforehand4 ,it fosters the love of what is good and uplifting before low tastes have become a chronic propensity4 ,pleasure in such books as the library would furnish to young readers will interest the mind and occupy the thoughts exclusive of those evil practices invited by the open door of idleness4 ,the children generally come of their own free will2 they are influenced silently1 unconsciously to themselves2 they feel themselves welcome1 loved1 respected4 ,self-respect1 the mighty power to lift and keep erect1 is fostered and developed4 ,the work of the library is for civic education and the making of good citizens1 a form of patriotism made imperative for the millions of foreigners coming yearly to our shores4 ,the public library offers common ground to all4 ,there are no social lines to bar the entrance2 the doors open at every touch1 if only the simple etiquette of quiet1 earnest bearing is observed4 ,no creeds are to be subscribed to1 the rich and poor meet together in absolute independence4 ,even the aristocracy of intellect does not count in the people's university4 ,the ideal public library realizes the true spirit of democracy4 ,,waller ,,irene ,,bullock4 ,,the ,,public ,,library ,,as ,,the ,,center ,,of ,,the ,,community ,in more than one locality the local public library has come to be recognized as the natural local center of the community1 around which revolve the local studies1 the local industries1 and all the various local interests of the town or village4 ,here1 for instance1 is the home of the local historical society2 here also is the home of the local camera club2 of the natural history society2 of the study club and debating societies4 ,why is this8 ,it is because those in charge of the library have so thoroughly realized the fact that in a community the interests of all are the interests of each1 and that while this is true of other institutions as related to each other1 yet there is no one of them on which the lines of interest so invariably converge from all the others--as all roads lead to ,rome4 ,w4 ,e4 ,,foster4 ,,public ,,libraries ,the very presence of a public library has a meaning and exerts a power for good4 ,especially is this the case when this presence is made evident by a separate and worthy building4 ,the building which stands for books1 for knowledge1 for the records of human experience2 a house not just like other houses but with marks of permanence1 dignity and grace1 and evidently so contrived as to call the people in and to distribute freely to them these wise and entertaining books1 must be a positive influence in itself4 ,the children know it for what it is4 ,old and young1 rich and poor1 recognize its meaning4 ,it embodies the great idea of a man learning and growing by his association with the wisdom and experience of other men4 ,it is the great clearing house of human intelligence where knowledge is mutually exchanged and every one can learn what the rest know4 ,it tells the lowest and meanest and most ignorant that here is the opportunity open to everybody to know1 and therefore that books are a common concern of the village1 by which it sets great store4 ,if1 on the other hand1 the public library is neglected1 or starved with excessive thrift1 or if it is crowded into a corner1 opened at rare intervals and approached with difficulty1 all this influence is lost4 ,the increase of reading tends to a general broadening of life4 ,human nature is selfish so long as the man is isolated1 for he is controlled by his impulses and passions1 and guided by his own narrow ideas4 ,our views of life are moulded by reading4 ,the records are here1 describing lands and people we have never seen1 centuries in which we have not lived1 men who passed off the stage in past ages4 ,the discoveries of science1 the developments of workmanship1 the growth of civilization2 thought1 wit1 fancy1 feeling1 which has appealed to the world1 and that study1 the study of man1 is illustrated in infinitely diverse forms of story and song3 all these are in books and they give us the advantage of wide horizons and enlarged acquaintance with life4 ,a community leavened with such influences1 where people generally understand1 where all grow up from their youth to know1 to think1 to communicate and to have common acquaintance with the past and the distance and with the secrets of nature1 and all the many ways of doing things1 is a stronger1 happier and more prosperous community because of that very fact1 and the books are plainly a means to so desirable an end4 ,w4 ,r4 ,,eastman4 ,,how ,a ,,library ,,helped ,,the ,,boys ,as the children have grown up since our library was established1 it is wonderful how their demands for books have widened4 ,a boy in his casual reading finds some particular branch of study1 in science1 mechanics1 art or politics1 which arouses a sleeping instinct4 ,straightway he forsakes his stories and his plays and goes to the library to satisfy his new desires4 ,year by year the demand upon the library has broadened and books have been added treating of electricity1 the ,x-ray1 wireless telegraphy1 mending bicycles1 telephones1 bee-keeping1 care of pet animals1 political1 social and economic questions1 and still the books do not meet all demands4 ,new subjects are called for and new books must be bought4 ,,beaver ,,dam ,,argus4 ,side by side in the wilderness1 our forefathers planted the church and the school2 and on these two supports the nation has stood firm and grown great4 ,but a tripod is necessary for stable equilibrium4 ,as the country has grown1 its industrial1 economic and political problems have grown more numerous and more complex1 and the nation required a broader base of intelligence and morality for its security and perpetuity4 ,the third support for a wider and higher national life has been found in the public library1 which co-operating with the school1 doubles the value of the education the child receives in school and further incites and furnishes him with facilities for doing so4 ,it also enables the adult to make up for the opportunities he neglected or1 more often1 did not have in early life4 ,it does this1 too1 at an expense to the community of not more than one tenth of the cost per capita of school education4 ,f4 ,m4 ,,crunden4 ,,the ,,library ,,support ,this is the fundamental matter after all--money4 ,whence shall the funds come8 ,the church plan1 the club plan--all are dependent on the spasmodic and irregular support that results from the labors of a soliciting committee using persuasive arguments with business men and others4 ,there are certain expenses that are absolutely essential--books first and most1 a room for which1 probably1 rent must be paid 7though some generous citizen may give the use of it71 periodicals to be subscribed for1 heat1 light1 table1 chairs1 etc41 besides the most important feature of the whole scheme--the librarian4 ,the wisest form of organization is the tax-supported free public library4 ,is it desirable that the small town shall in its beginning in library matters attempt at once to secure a municipal tax to found and maintain a free public library under the state law8 ,there are those who believe this is the only way to make a beginning4 ,eventually1 if not in the beginning1 the free public library on a rate or tax-supported basis is the most desirable form of library organization4 ,,alice ,s4 ,,tyler4 ,,why ,,the ,,free ,,library ,,should ,,be ,,supported ,,by ,,taxation #a ,such a tax puts the library on the right basis as a public institution4 ,the purpose of the library is the same as that of the school--public education1 the enlargement and enrichment of the intellectual life of the community--and it should1 therefore1 be supported on the same grounds and by the same methods as the school4 #b ,the library supported by local taxation ceases to be a charity1 contributed by the few to the many1 and becomes the right and property of all4 ,when ,i use a library supported by private gifts1 ,i am accepting a favor2 when ,i use a library supported by public tax1 ,i am using what is mine by right4 ,the tax thus promotes a feeling of independence and self-respect in the library's patrons4 #c ,taxation is the easiest and fairest way to raise the needed money4 ,five hundred dollars raised by entertainments1 subscriptions1 sales1 etc41 means a great burden of labor1 care and expense to a few1 and usually to net that sum a very much larger sum must be expended1 while #ejj spread on the tax rolls would hardly be felt even by the largest taxpayer4 #d ,it adds dignity to the library and increases the respect in which it is held4 ,to be made each year an object of charity for which private subscriptions are solicited and rummage sales held tends to bring it into contempt and greatly lowers its influence in the community4 #e ,a stated tax1 yielding a known and fixed income1 enables the trustees to pursue a consistent and stable plan for library development1 such as is impossible where the income is dependent on fluctuating impulse or effort4 #f ,there is no village tax levied from which the people can get so large a return for so little money4 ,a #ejj tax in a village of #c1jjj people is equivalent to about #af cents for each resident4 ,for this insignificant sum each person in the village is offered a pleasant reading room1 as good as that supplied by many a club1 a dozen or more of the best periodicals1 a collection of books such as only a very few of the more wealthy can possess as individuals1 and about #bjj worth of new books to read every year4 ,,new ,,york ,,libraries4 ,,some ,,advantages ,,of ,,municipal ,,control ,first--,a free public library under municipal control has a regular1 known income1 which increases with the growth of the municipality4 ,second--,it is not dependent solely upon subscriptions1 contributions and the proceeds of entertainments arranged for its benefit4 ,third--,with an income that is certain1 the trustees are able to make plans for the future1 and more economically administer the affairs of the library4 ,fourth--,a municipally-controlled library is owned by the people1 and experience has demonstrated that they take a much greater interest in an institution belonging to them4 ,fifth--,public libraries supplement the work of the public schools4 ,reading maketh a full man1 wrote ,lord ,bacon2 and ,thomas ,carlyle thus expressed the same idea3 ,the true university of these days is a collection of books4 ,libraries1 like the schools1 should be supported by the people4 ,sixth--,the library is not a charity2 neither should it be regarded as a luxury1 but rather as a necessity1 and be maintained in the same manner that the schools1 parks1 fire departments and public roads are maintained--through the tax levy4 ,seventh--,where all contribute the burden is not felt2 each aiding according to his ability4 ,eighth--,permanency is acquired for the library1 and many valuable governmental1 state and other publications may be obtained without cost1 a privilege that is often denied to subscription libraries4 ,ninth--,the trustees and librarian are not hampered in their work by inability to collect subscriptions or the failure of an entertainment to return a profit4 ,tenth--,there is a more efficient and closer co-operation with the public schools and other municipal institutions and interests4 ,eleventh--,public ownership secures more democratic service and broadness in administration4 ,finally--,all are interested in a ,free ,public ,library1 and in an emergency there will be a more generous response to an appeal for financial assistance4 ,,new ,,jersey ,,public ,,library ,,commission4 99 99 99 99 99 ,foreign ,book ,lists ,list of selected ,german books4 #ej;c4 ,list of ,hungarian books4 #ae;c4 ,list of ,french books4 #be;c4 ,list of ,french fiction4 #e;c4 ,list of ,norwegian and ,danish books4 #be;c4 ,library ,tracts 7#e;c4 each7 #b ,how to start a public library1 by ,dr4 ,g4 ,e4 ,wire4 #c ,traveling libraries1 by ,f4 ,a4 ,hutchins4 #d ,library rooms and buildings1 by ,c4 ,c4 ,soule4 #e ,notes from the art section of a library1 by ,c4 ,a4 ,cutter4 #h ,a village library1 by ,mary ,anna ,tarbell4 #i ,training for librarianship4 #aj ,why do we need a public library8 ,material for a library campaign1 by ,chalmers ,hadley4 ,library ,handbooks 7#ae;c each7 #a ,essentials in library administration1 by ,l4 ,e4 ,stearns4 #b ,cataloging for small libraries1 by ,theresa ,hitchler4 #c ,management of traveling libraries1 by ,edna ,d4 ,bullock4 #d ,aids in book selection1 by ,alice ,b4 ,kroeger4 #e ,binding for small libraries4 #f ,mending and repair of books1 by ,margaret ,w4 ,browne4 ,card ,publications #a ,catalog cards for current periodical publications4 #b --for various sets of periodicals and for books of composite authorship4 #c --for current books in ,english and ,american history1 with annotations4 #d --for current bibliographical publications4 #e --for photo-reproductions of modern language texts before #afjj in ,american college libraries4