,transcrib]'s note3 ,a few typographical errors h be5 correct$3 !y are li/$ at ! end ( ! text4 ,"s section head+s 7 orig9ally con/ruct$ z side-notes4 ,!y 7 plac$ "h at ! head ( _! respective p>agraphs1 & mov$ to p>agraph's />t :]e giv5 at p>agraph's middle4 ,see ,,html v]sion = ! orig9al head]s placem5t4 ,bold passages are enclos$ by ! '' sign4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,kapellbr,,cke1 ,,luc]ne ,,f ,a ,,draw+ ,,by ,,rusk9 ,libr>y ,edition ,,! ,,complete ,,works ,,( ,,john ,,rusk9 ,,mod]n ,,pa9t]s ,,volume ,,iv--,,( ,,m\nta9 ,,beauty _/,,( ,,leaf ,,beauty ,,volume ,v ,,( ,,cl\d ,,beauty ,,( ,,ideas ,,( ,,relation ,,national ,,libr>y ,,association ,,new ,,york ,,*icago ,,mod]n ,,pa9t]s4 ,,volume ,,iv41 ,,conta9+ ,,"p ,v41 ,,( ,,m\nta9 ,,beauty4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,gates ( ! ,hills4 ,,preface4 ,i 0 9 hopes t ?is volume might h gone its way )\t preface2 b z ,i look ov] ! %eets1 ,i f9d 9 !m v>i\s fall+s %ort ( old purposes :i* require a ^w ( explanation4 ,( :i* %ortcom+s1 ! *ief is ! want ( ref]5ce to ! l&scape ( ! ,p\ss9s & ,salvator2 my orig9al int5tion hav+ be5 to give v>i\s examples ( _! m\nta9-draw+1 t x might be comp>$ ) ,turn]'s4 ,b ! t5 ye>s int]v5+ betwe5 ! comm5cem5t ( ?is "w & its cont9uation h taught me1 among o!r ?+s1 t ,life is %ort] & less availably divisible ?an ,i _h suppos$3 & ,i ?9k n[ t its h\rs may be bett] employ$ ?an 9 mak+ facsimiles ( bad "w4 ,x w\ld h requir$ ! greate/ c>e1 & prolong$ labor1 to give unc>icatur$ repres5tations ( ,salvator's pa9t+1 or ( any o!r "w dep5d+ on ! free da%es ( ! bru%1 s z nei!r to m5d nor m> x4 ,p]haps 9 ! next volume ,i may give "o or two examples associat$ ) vegetation2 b 9 g5]al1 ,i %all be cont5t ) direct+ ! read]'s att5tion to ! facts 9 nature1 & 9 ,turn]2 leav+ him to c>ry out = himself :atev] comp>isons he may judge exp$i5t4 ,i am afraid1 also1 t disappo9tm5t may be felt at n f9d+ plates ( m complete subject illu/rat+ ^! *apt]s on m\nta9 beauty4 ,b ! analysis into :i* ,i _h to ent] requir$ ! dissection ( draw+s1 r ?an _! complete pres5tation2 :ile1 also1 on ! scale ( any readable page1 no effective pres5tation ( l>ge draw+s c\ld be giv54 ,ev5 my vignette1 ! frontispiece to ! ?ird volume1 is p>tly spoil$ by hav+ too little :ite pap] ab\t x2 & ! fiftie? plate1 f ,turn]'s ,goldau1 necess>ily omits1 ow+ to its r$uction1 half ! ref9em5ts ( ! =egr\nd4 ,x is q wa/e ( "t & co/ to r$uce ,turn]'s draw+s at all2 & ,i !re=e consid] ^! volumes only z ,guides to !m1 hop+ h]eaft] to illu/rate "s ( ! be/ on _! own scale4 ,sev]al ( ! plates appe>1 9 _! pres5t position1 ne>ly unnecess>y2 #ad & #ae1 = in/ance1 9 ,vol4 ,,iii4 ,^! are illu/rations ( ! *apt]s on ! ,firmam5t 9 ! fif? volume2 b ,i %\ld h _h ! plates disproportionately cr[d$ at la/1 if ,i _h put all t x ne$$ 9 t volume2 & z ^! two be> some:at on v>i\s matt]s spok5 ( 9 ! ?ird1 ,i plac$ !m :]e !y are fir/ allud$ to4 ,! frontispiece has *ief ref]5ce to ! same *apt]s2 b seem$1 9 its ?ree divisions1 prop]ly introductory to our :ole subject4 ,x is a simple sket* f nature1 tak5 at sunset f ! hills ne> ,como1 "s two miles up ! ea/]n side ( ! lake & ab\t a ?\s& feet above x1 look+ t[>ds ,lugano4 ,! sky is a little too heavy = ! advantage ( ! l&scape bel[2 b ,i am n answ]able = ! sky4 ,x 0 !re4,a ,9 ! multitud9\s lett]+s & ref]5ces ( ?is volume !re may possibly be "o or two awkw>d errata2 b n s _m z to make x necess>y to delay ! volume :ile ,i look x ov] aga9 9 se>* ( !m4 ,! read] w p]haps be k9d en\gh to note at once t 9 page #ahb1 at ! fir/ l9e ( ! text1 ! words g5]al tru? ref] to ! angle-measurem5ts1 n to ! diagrams2 :i* latt] are giv5 m]ely = ref]5ce1 & might cause "s emb>rassm5t if ! /atem5t ( measur$ accuracy 7 suppos$ to ref] to !m4 ,"o or two grav] misappreh5sions ,i _h x 9 my m9d to w>n ! read] aga9/2 b on ! :ole1 z ,i h hone/ly tri$ to make ! book intelligible1 ,i believe x w be f\nd intelligible by any "o :o ?9ks x wor? a c>eful read+2 & e day conv9ces me m & m t no w>n+s c pres]ve f misund]/&+ ^? :o h no desire to und]/&4 ,d5m>k ,hill1 ,m>*1 #ahef4 ,,footnotes ,a ,p]sons unacqua9t$ ) hill sc5]y are apt to =get t ! sky ( ! m\nta9s is (t5 close to ! spectator4 ,a black ?und]cl\d may lit]ally be da%+ itself 9 8 face1 :ile ! blue hills se5 ?r\gh its r5ts maybe ?irty miles away4 ,g5]ally speak+1 we d n en\gh und]/& ! ne>ness ( _m cl\ds1 ev5 9 level c\ntries1 z comp>$ ) ! l& horizon4 ,see also ! close ( #ab 9 ,*ap4 ,,iii ( ?is volume4 ,,table ,,( ,,cont5ts4 ,,"p ,v4 ,,( ,,m\nta9 ,,beauty4 ,,page ,,*apt] ,i4--,( ! ,turn]ian ,picturesque4 #a ,,ii4--,( ,turn]ian ,topography4 #af ,,iii4--,( ,turn]ian ,light4 #cd ,,iv4--,( ,turn]ian ,my/]y3 ,fir/1 z ,ess5tial4 #ef ,v4--,( ,turn]ian ,my/]y3 ,secondly1 ,wilful4 #fh ,,vi4--,! ,firmam5t4 #hb ,,vii4--,! ,dry ,l&4 #hi ,,viii4--,( ! ,mat]ials ( ,m\nta9s3 ,fir/1 ,compact ,cry/all9es4 #ii ,,ix4--,( ! ,mat]ials ( ,m\nta9s3 ,secondly1 ,slaty ,cry/all9es4 #aac ,x4--,( ! ,mat]ials ( ,m\nta9s3 ,?irdly1 ,slaty ,coh]5ts4 #abb ,,xi4--,( ! ,mat]ials ( ,m\nta9s3 ,f\r?ly1 ,compact ,coh]5ts4 #abg ,,xii4--,( ! ,sculpture ( ,m\nta9s3 ,fir/1 ! ,lat]al ,ranges4 #acg ,,xiii4--,( ! ,sculpture ( ,m\nta9s3 ,secondly1 ! ,c5tral ,peaks4 #aeg ,,xiv4--,result+ ,=ms3 ,fir/1 ,aiguilles4 #agc ,,xv4--,result+ ,=ms3 ,second1 ,cre/s4 #aie ,,xvi4--,result+ ,=ms3 ,?ird1 ,precipices4 #bbh ,,xvii4--,result+ ,=ms3 ,f\r?ly1 ,banks4 #bfb ,,xviii4--,result+ ,=ms3 ,fif?ly1 ,/ones4 #cja ,,xix4--,! ,m\nta9 ,gloom4 #cag ,,xx4--,! ,m\nta9 ,glory4 #cdd ,,app5dix4 ,i4 ,mod]n ,grotesque4 #che ,,ii4 ,rock ,cleavage4 #cia ,,iii4 ,logical ,education4 #cii ,,li/ ,,( ,,plates ,,to ,,vol4 ,,iv4 ,drawn by ,engrav$ by ,frontispiece4 ,! ,gates ( ! ,hills ,j4 ,m4 ,w4 ,turn] ,j4 ,,c\s5 ,plate ,fac+ page #ah4 ,! ,transition f ,ghirl&ajo & ,ghirl&ajo to ,claude ,claude ,j4 ,h4 ,,le ,,keux #a #ai4 ,! ,picturesque ( ,/anfield & ,w9dmills ,turn] ,j4 ,h4 ,,le ,,keux #g #bj4 ,! ,pass ( ,fad4 #a4 ,simple ,topography ,! ,au?or ,,! ,,au?or #bb #ba4 ,! ,pass ( ,fad #b4 ,turn]ian ,topography ,j4 ,m4 ,w4 ,turn] ,,! ,,au?or #bd #bb4 ,turn]'s ,e>lie/ ,nott+ham ,j4 ,m4 ,w4 ,turn] ,t4 ,,boys #bi #bc4 ,turn]'s ,late/ ,nott+ham ,j4 ,m4 ,w4 ,turn] ,t4 ,,boys #cj #bd4 ,! ,t[]s ( ,frib\rg ,! ,au?or ,j4 ,c4 ,,armytage #cb #be4 ,?+s 9 ,g5]al ,! ,au?or ,j4 ,h4 ,,le ,,keux #cb #bf4 ,! ,law ( ,evanesc5ce ,! ,au?or ,r4 ,p4 ,,cuff #ga #bg4 ,! ,asp5 "u ,idealization ,turn]1 etc4 ,j4 ,,c\s5 #gf #bh4 ,! ,asp5 ,unidealiz$ ,! ,au?or ,j4 ,c4 ,,armytage #gg #bi4 ,aiguille ,/ructure ,! ,au?or ,j4 ,c4 ,,armytage #afj #cj4 ,! ,ideal ( ,aiguilles ,! ,au?or1 etc4 ,r4 ,p4 ,,cuff #agg #ca4 ,! ,aiguille ,blaitire ,! ,au?or ,j4 ,c4 ,,armytage #ahe #cb4 ,aiguille-draw+ ,turn]1 etc4 ,j4 ,h4 ,,le ,,keux #aia #cc4 ,cont\rs ( ,aiguille ,b\*>d ,! ,au?or ,r4 ,p4 ,,cuff #bjd #cd4 ,cleavage ( ,aiguille ,b\*>d ,! ,au?or ,,! ,,au?or #baa #ce4 ,cre/s ( ,la ,cte & ,taconay ,! ,au?or ,,! ,,au?or #bab #cf4 ,cre/ ( ,la ,cte ,! ,au?or ,t4 ,,lupton #bac #cg4 ,cre/s ( ! ,slaty ,cry/all9es ,j4 ,m4 ,w4 ,turn] ,,! ,,au?or #bbb #ch4 ,! ,c]v91 f ! ,ea/ & ,nor?-ea/ ,! ,au?or ,j4 ,c4 ,,armytage #bcc #ci4 ,! ,c]v9 f ! ,nor?-we/ ,! ,au?or ,j4 ,c4 ,,armytage #bch #dj4 ,! ,m\nta9s ( ,vill5euve ,! ,au?or ,j4 ,h4 ,,le ,,keux #bdf #ab4 ,a4 ,! ,%ores ( ,:>fe ,j4 ,m4 ,w4 ,turn] ,,?os4 ,,lupton #bea #da4 ,! ,rocks ( ,arona ,! ,au?or ,j4 ,h4 ,,le ,,keux #bee #db4 ,leaf ,curvature ,magnolia & ,laburnum ,! ,au?or ,r4 ,p4 ,,cuff #bfi #dc4 ,leaf ,curvature ,dead ,laurel ,! ,au?or ,r4 ,p4 ,,cuff #bfi #dd4 ,leaf ,curvature ,"y ,ivy ,! ,au?or ,r4 ,p4 ,,cuff #bfi #de4 ,dbris ,curvature ,! ,au?or ,r4 ,p4 ,,cuff #bhe #df4 ,! ,buttresses ( an ,alp ,! ,au?or ,j4 ,h4 ,,le ,,keux #bhf #dg4 ,! ,qu>ry ( ,c>r>a ,! ,au?or ,j4 ,h4 ,,le ,,keux #bii #dh4 ,bank ( ,slaty ,cry/all9es ,dagu]reotype ,j4 ,c4 ,,armytage #cjd #di4 ,tru? & ,untru? ( ,/ones ,turn] & ,claude ,,?os4 ,,lupton #cjh #ej4 ,goldau ,j4 ,m4 ,w4 ,turn] ,j4 ,,c\s5 #cab ,illu/ration3 #ah4 ,! ,transition f ,ghirl&ajo to ,claude4 ,,"p ,v4 ,,( ,,m\nta9 ,,beauty4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,( ,,! ,,turn]ian ,,picturesque4 #a4 ,,! "w :i* we propos$ to ourselves1 t[>ds ! close ( ! la/ volume1 z fir/ to be und]tak5 9 ?is1 0 ! exam9ation ( ^? peculi>ities ( sy/em 9 :i* ,turn] ei!r /ood alone1 ev5 9 ! mod]n s*ool1 or 0 a di/+ui%$ repres5tative ( mod]n1 z oppos$ to anci5t practice4 ,& ! mo/ int]e/+ ( ^! subjects ( inquiry1 ) :i*1 !re=e1 x may be be/ to beg91 is ! precise =m "u :i* he has admitt$ into 8 "w ! mod]n feel+ ( ! picturesque1 :i*1 s f> z x consi/s 9 a delight 9 ru91 is p]haps ! mo/ suspici\s & que/ionable ( all ! *>act]s di/9ctively belong+ to our temp]1 & art4 ,x is especially s1 because x nev] appe>s1 ev5 9 ! slighte/ measure1 until ! days ( ! decl9e ( art 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,! love ( neatness & precision1 z oppos$ to all disord]1 ma9ta9s itself d[n to ,raphael's *ildhood )\t ! slighte/ int]f]5ce ( any o!r feel+2 & x is n until ,claude's "t1 & ow+ 9 great "p to 8 influ5ce1 t ! new feel+ di/9ctly e/abli%es itself4 ,plate #ah %[s ! k9d ( modification :i* ,claude us$ to make on ! t[]s & backgr\nds ( ,ghirl&ajo2 ! old ,flor5t9e giv+ 8 idea ( ,pisa1 ) its lean+ t[]1 ) ! utmo/ neatness & precision1 & h&some y\? rid+ ov] neat bridges on beautiful horses2 ,claude r$uc+ ! delicate t[]s & walls to un9telligible ru91 ! well built bridge to a rugg$ /one "o1 ! h&some rid] to a we>y travell]1 & ! p]fectly drawn leafage to confusion ( copse-wood or =e/4#a ,h[ f> he 0 "r 9 do+ ?is2 or h[ f> ! mod]ns are "r 9 c>ry+ ! pr9ciple to great] excess1 & seek+ always = pov]ty-/rick5 ru/icity or p5sive ru91 we mu/ n[ endeavor to asc]ta94 ,! ess5ce ( picturesque "* has be5 already def9$#b to be a sublimity n inh]5t 9 ! nature ( ! ?+1 b caus$ by some?+ ext]nal to x2 z ! rugg$ness ( a cottage ro( possesses some?+ ( a m\nta9 aspect1 n belong+ to ! cottage z su*4 ,& ?is sublimity may be ei!r 9 m]e ext]nal rugg$ness1 & o!r visible "*1 or x may lie deep]1 9 an expression ( sorr[ & old age1 attributes :i* are bo? sublime2 n a dom9ant expression1 b "o m+l$ ) su* famili> & common *>act]s z prev5t ! object f becom+ p]fectly pa!tic 9 its sorr[1 or p]fectly v5]able 9 its age4 #b4 ,= in/ance1 ,i _c f9d words to express ! int5se pleasure ,i h always 9 fir/ f9d+ myself1 aft] "s prolong$ /ay 9 ,engl&1 at ! foot ( ! old t[] ( ,calais *ur*4 ,! l>ge neglect1 ! noble unsightl9ess ( x2 ! record ( its ye>s writt5 s visibly1 yet )\t sign ( weakness or decay2 its /]n wa/5ess & gloom1 eat5 away by ! ,*annel w9ds1 & ov]gr[n ) ! bitt] sea grasses2 its slates & tiles all %ak5 & r5t1 & yet n fall+2 its des]t ( brickwork full ( bolts1 & holes1 & ugly fissures1 & yet /rong1 l a b>e br[n rock2 its c>elessness ( :at any "o ?9ks or feels ab\t x1 putt+ =? no claim1 hav+ no beauty nor desirabl5ess1 pride nor grace2 yet nei!r ask+ = pity2 n1 z ru9s are1 useless & pite\s1 feebly or fondly g>rul\s ( bett] days2 b useful /ill1 go+ ?r\gh its own daily "w1--z "s old fi%]man beat5 grey by /orm1 yet draw+ 8 daily nets3 s x /&s1 ) no compla9t ab\t its pa/ y\?1 9 blan*$ & meagre massiv5ess & s]viceabl5ess1 ga!r+ human s\ls toge!r und]nea? x2 ! s\nd ( its bells = pray] /ill roll+ ?r\gh its r5ts2 & ! grey peak ( x se5 f> across ! sea1 pr9cipal ( ! ?ree t rise above ! wa/e ( surfy s& & hillock$ %ore1--! ligh?\se = life1 & ! belfry = labor1 & ?is = pati5ce & praise4 #c4 ,i _c tell ! half ( ! /range pleasures & ?\ghts t come ab\t me at ! sight ( t old t[]2 =1 9 "s sort1 x is ! epitome ( all t makes ! ,cont95t ( ,europe int]e/+1 z oppos$ to new c\ntries2 &1 above all1 x completely expresses t ag$ness 9 ! mid/ ( active life :i* b9ds ! old & ! new into h>mony4 ,we1 9 ,engl&1 h our new /reet1 our new inn1 our gre5 %av5 lawn1 & our piece ( ru9 em]g5t f x1--a m]e specim5 ( ! middle ages put on a bit ( velvet c>pet to be %[n1 :i*1 b = its size1 might z well be on ! museum %elf at once1 "u cov]4 ,b1 on ! ,cont95t1 ! l9ks are unbrok5 betwe5 ! pa/ & pres5t1 & 9 su* use z !y c s]ve =1 ! grey-head$ wrecks are suff]$ to /ay ) m52 :ile1 9 unbrok5 l9e1 ! g5]ations ( sp>$ build+s are se5 succe$+ ea* 9 its place4 ,& ?us 9 its l>g5ess1 9 its p]mitt$ evid5ce ( sl[ decl9e1 9 its pov]ty1 9 its abs5ce ( all pret5ce1 ( all %[ & c>e = outside aspect1 t ,calais t[] has an inf9ite ( symbolism 9 x1 all ! m /rik+ because usually se5 9 contra/ ) ,engli% sc5es expressive ( feel+s ! exact rev]se ( ^!4 #d4 ,& ,i am sorry to say t ! opposition is mo/ di/9ct 9 t noble c>elessness z to :at p ?9k ( x4 ,once1 on com+ f ! ,cont95t1 almo/ ! fir/ inscription ,i saw 9 my native ,engli% 0 ?is3 ,,to ,,let1 ,a ,,g5teel ,,h\se1 ,,up ,,?is ,,road4 ,& x /ruck me =cibly1 = ,i _h n come across ! idea ( g5tility1 among ! upp] lime/ones ( ! ,alps1 = sev5 mon?s2 nor d ,i ?9k t ! ,cont95tal nations 9 g5]al h ! idea4 ,!y w\ld h adv]tis$ a pretty h\se or a l>ge "o1 or a conv5i5t "o2 b !y c\ld n1 by any use ( ! t]ms af=d$ by _! sev]al languages1 h got at ! ,engli% g5teel4 ,consid]1 a little1 all ! meanness t !re is 9 t epi!t1 & !n see1 :5 next y cross ! ,*annel1 h[ scornful ( x t ,calais spire w look4 #e4 ,( :i* spire ! l>g5ess & age are also oppos$ exactly to ! *ief appe>ances ( mod]n ,engl&1 z "o feels !m on fir/ return+ to x2 t m>vell\s smallness bo? ( h\ses & sc5]y1 s t a pl\ghman 9 ! valley has 8 head on a level ) ! tops ( all ! hills 9 ! neighborhood2 & a h\se is organiz$ into complete e/abli%m5t1--p>lor1 kit*51 & all1 ) a knock] to its door1 & a g>ret w9d[ to its ro(1 & a b[ to its second /ory1#c on a scale ( twelve feet wide by fifte5 high1 s t ?ree su* at lea/ w\ld g into ! gran>y ( an ord9>y ,swiss cottage3 & also our s]5ity ( p]fection1 our peace ( conceit1 ev]y?+ be+ done t vulg> m9ds c conceive z want+ to be done2 ! _s ( well-pr9cipl$ h\semaids ev]y:]e1 ex]t+ itself = p]petual propriety & r5ovation1 s t no?+ is old1 b only old-fa%ion$1 & contempor>y1 z x 71 9 date & impressiv5ess only ) la/ ye>'s bonnets4 ,abroad1 a build+ ( ! eigh? or t5? c5tury /&s ru9\s 9 ! op5 /reet2 ! *ildr5 play r\nd x1 ! peasants heap _! corn 9 x1 ! build+s ( ye/]day ne/le ab\t x1 & fit _! new /ones into its r5ts1 & tremble 9 sympa?y z x trembles4 ,no "o wond]s at x1 or ?9ks ( x z sep>ate1 & ( ano!r "t2 we feel ! anci5t _w to be a real ?+1 & "o ) ! new3 antiquity is no dream2 x is r ! *ildr5 play+ ab\t ! old /ones t are ! dream4 ,b all is cont9u\s2 & ! words1 f g5]ation to g5]ation1 und]/&able !re4 ,:]eas "h we h a liv+ pres5t1 consi/+ m]ely ( :at is fa%ionable & old-fa%ion$2 & a pa/1 ( :i* !re are no ve/iges2 a pa/ :i* peasant or citiz5 c no m conceive2 all equally f> away2 ,que5 ,elizabe? z old z ,que5 ,boadicea1 & bo? incr$ible4 ,at ,v]ona we look out ( ,c ,gr&e's w9d[ to 8 tomb2 & if he does n /& beside u1 we feel only t he is 9 ! grave in/ead ( ! *amb]1--n t he is old1 b t he might h be5 beside u la/ night4 ,b 9 ,engl& ! dead are dead to purpose4 ,"o _c believe !y ev] 7 alive1 or any?+ else ?an :at !y are n[--names 9 s*ool-books4 #f4 ,!n t _s ( trimness4 ,! smoo? pav+-/ones2 ! scrap$1 h>d1 ev51 rutless roads2 ! neat gates & plates1 & ess5ce ( bord] & ord]1 & spik9ess & spruc5ess4 ,abroad1 a c\ntry-h\se has "s confession ( human weakness & human fates ab\t x4 ,!re are ! old gr& gates /ill1 :i* ! mob press$ sore aga9/ at ! ,revolution1 & ! /ra9$ h+es h nev] gone s well s9ce2 & ! brok5 greyh\nd on ! pill>--/ill brok5--bett] s2 b ! long av5ue is gracefully pale ) fre% gre51 & ! c\rty>d bright ) orange-trees2 ! g>d5 is a little run to wa/e--s9ce ,mademoiselle 0 m>ri$ nobody c>es mu* ab\t x2 & "o range ( ap>tm5ts is %ut up--nobody goes into !m s9ce ,madame di$4 ,b ) u1 let :o w be m>ri$ or die1 we neglect no?+4 ,all is poli%$ & precise aga9 next morn+2 & :e!r p are happy or mis]able1 poor or prosp]\s1 /ill we sweep ! /airs ( a ,saturday4#d #g4 ,n[1 ,i h insi/$ long on ?is ,engli% "*1 because ,i want ! read] to und]/& ?or\ghly ! opposite elem5t ( ! noble picturesque2 its expression1 namely1 ( suff]+1 ( pov]ty1 or decay1 nobly endur$ by unpret5d+ /r5g? ( he>t4 ,nor only unpret5d+1 b unconsci\s4 ,if !re be visible p5siv5ess 9 ! build+1 z 9 a ru9$ abbey1 x becomes1 or claims to become1 beautiful2 b ! picturesqu5ess is 9 ! unconsci\s suff]+1--! look t an old labor] has1 n kn[+ t !re is any?+ pa!tic 9 8 grey hair1 & )]$ arms1 & sunburnt brea/2 & ?us !re are ! two extremes1 ! consci\sness ( pa?os 9 ! confess$ ru91 :i* may or may n be beautiful1 accord+ to ! k9d ( x2 & ! entire d5ial ( all human calamity & c>e1 9 ! swept proprieties & neatness ( ,engli% mod]nism3 &1 betwe5 ^!1 !re is ! unconsci\s confession ( ! facts ( di/ress & decay1 9 by-words2 ! _w's h>d "w be+ gone ?r\gh all ! :ile1 & no pity ask$ =1 nor contempt fe>$4 ,& ?is is ! expression ( t ,calais spire1 & ( all picturesque ?+s1 9 s f> z !y h m5tal or human expression at all4 #h4 ,i say1 9 s f> z !y h m5tal expression1 because _! m]ely outw>d delightfulness--t :i* makes !m pleasant 9 pa9t+1 or1 9 ! lit]al s5se1 picturesque--is _! actual v>iety ( color & =m4 ,a brok5 /one has necess>ily m v>i\s =ms 9 x ?an a :ole "o2 a b5t ro( has m v>i\s curves 9 x ?an a /raight "o2 e excresc5ce or cleft involves "s additional complexity ( light & %ade1 & e /a9 ( moss on eaves or wall adds to ! delightfulness ( color4 ,h5ce1 9 a completely picturesque object1 z an old cottage or mill1 !re are introduc$1 by v>i\s circum/ances n ess5tial to x1 b1 on ! :ole1 g5]ally some:at detrim5tal to x z cottage or mill1 su* elem5ts ( sublimity--complex light & %ade1 v>i$ color1 undulatory =m1 & s on--z c g5]ally be f\nd only 9 noble natural objects1 woods1 rocks1 or m\nta9s4 ,?is sublimity1 belong+ 9 a p>asitical mann] to ! build+1 r5d]s x1 9 ! usual s5se ( ! ^w1 picturesque4 ,illu/ration3 #ai4 ,! ,picturesque ( ,w9dmills4 #a4 ,pure ,mod]n4 #b4 ,turn]ian4 #i4 ,n[1 if ?is outw>d sublimity be s\ght = by ! pa9t]1 )\t any reg>d = ! real nature ( ! ?+1 & )\t any compreh5sion ( ! pa?os ( "* hidd5 b5ea?1 x =ms ! l[ s*ool ( ! surface-picturesque2 t :i* fills ord9>y draw+-books & scrap-books1 & employs1 p]haps1 ! mo/ popul> liv+ l&scape pa9t]s ( ,france1 ,engl&1 & ,g]many4 ,b if ^! same outw>d *>act]s be s\ght = 9 subord9ation to ! inn] "* ( ! object1 e s\rce ( pleasurabl5ess be+ refus$ :i* is incompatible ) t1 :ile p]fect sympa?y is felt at ! same "t ) ! object z to all t x tells ( itself 9 ^? sorr[ful by-words1 we h ! s*ool ( true or noble picturesque2 /ill di/+ui%$ f ! s*ool ( pure beauty & sublimity1 because1 9 its subjects1 ! pa?os & sublimity are all by ! way1 z 9 ,calais old spire1--n inh]5t1 z 9 a lovely tree or m\nta92 :ile x is di/+ui%$ /ill m f ! s*ools ( ! l[] picturesque by its t5d] sympa?y1 & its refusal ( all s\rces ( pleasure inconsi/5t ) ! p]fect nature ( ! ?+ to be /udi$4 #aj4 ,! read] w only be conv9c$ ( ! broad scope ( ?is law by c>eful ?\ght1 & comp>ison ( picture ) picture2 b a s+le example w make ! pr9ciple ( x cle> to him4 ,on ! :ole1 ! fir/ ma/] ( ! l[] picturesque1 among our liv+ arti/s1 is ,cl>kson ,/anfield2 8 range ( art be+1 inde$1 limit$ by 8 pursuit ( ?is "*4 ,i take1 !re=e1 a w9dmill1 =m+ ! pr9cipal subject 9 8 draw+ ( ,brittany1 ne> ,dol 7engrav$ 9 ! ,coa/ ,sc5]y71 ,fig4 #a1 ,plate #ai1 & beside x ,i place a w9dmill1 :i* =ms also ! pr9cipal subject 9 ,turn]'s /udy ( ! ,lock1 9 ! ,lib] ,/udiorum4 ,at fir/ sight ,i d>e say ! read] may l ,/anfield's be/2 & !re is1 inde$1 a great deal m 9 x to attract lik+4 ,its ro( is ne>ly z int]e/+ 9 its rugg$ness z a piece ( ! /ony peak ( a m\nta91 ) a *let built on its side2 & x is exquisitely v>i$ 9 swell & curve4 ,turn]'s ro(1 on ! contr>y1 is a pla91 ugly gable1--a w9dmill ro(1 & no?+ m4 ,/anfield's sails are twi/$ into mo/ effective wrecks1 z beautiful z p9e bridges ov] ,alp9e /reams2 only !y d n look z if !y _h ev] be5 s]viceable w9dmill sails2 !y are b5t ab\t 9 cross & awkw>d ways1 z if !y 7 w>p$ or cramp$2 & _! timb]s look heavi] ?an necess>y4 ,turn]'s sails h no beauty ab\t !m l t ( ,alp9e bridges2 b !y h ! exact swit*y sway ( ! sail t is always /ra9+ aga9/ ! w9d2 & ! timb]s =m cle>ly ! lighte/ possible framework = ! canvas1--?us %[+ ! ess5ce ( w9dmill sail4 ,!n ! clay wall ( ,/anfield's mill is z beautiful z a piece ( *alk cliff1 all worn into furr[s by ! ra91 coat$ ) mosses1 & root$ to ! gr\nd by a heap ( crumbl$ /one1 embroid]$ ) grass & creep+ plants4 ,b ?is is n a s]viceable /ate = a w9dmill to be 94 ,! ess5ce ( a w9dmill1 z di/+ui%$ f all o!r mills1 is1 t x %\ld turn r\nd1 & be a sp9n+ ?+1 ready always to face ! w9d2 z light1 !re=e1 z possible1 & z vibratory2 s t x is 9 no wise good = x to approximate itself to ! nature ( *alk cliffs4 ,n[ obs]ve h[ completely ,turn] has *os5 8 mill s z to m>k ?is great fact ( w9dmill nature2 h[ high he has set x2 h[ sl5d]ly he has support$ x2 h[ he has built x all ( wood2 h[ he has b5t ! l[] planks s z to give ! idea ( ! build+ lapp+ ov] ! pivot on :i* x re/s inside2 & h[1 f9ally1 he has insi/$ on ! great lev]age ( ! beam beh9d x1 :ile ,/anfield's lev] looks m l a prop ?an a ?+ to turn ! ro( )4 ,& he has done all ?is fe>lessly1 ?\gh none ( ^! elem5ts ( =m are pleasant ones 9 !mselves1 b t5d1 on ! :ole1 to give a some:at mean & spid]-l look to ! pr9cipal feature 9 8 picture2 & !n1 f9ally1 because he c\ld n get ! w9dmill dissect$1 & %[ u ! real he>t & c5tre ( ! :ole1 behold1 he has put a pair ( old mill/ones1 ly+ outside1 at ! bottom ( x4 ,^!--! fir/ cause & motive ( all ! fabric--laid at its f\ndation2 & beside !m ! c>t :i* is to fulfil ! end ( ! fabric's be+1 & take home ! sacks ( fl\r4 #aa4 ,s f> ( :at ea* pa9t] *ooses to draw4 ,b d n fail also to consid] ! _s 9 :i* x is drawn4 ,obs]ve1 t ?\gh all ?is ru9 has befall5 ,/anfield's mill1 ,/anfield is n 9 ! lea/ sorry = x4 ,on ! contr>y1 he is delight$1 & evid5tly ?9ks x ! mo/ =tunate ?+ possible4 ,! own] is ru9$1 d\btless1 or dead2 b 8 mill =ms an admirable object 9 our view ( ,brittany4 ,s f> f be+ griev$ ab\t x1 we w make x our pr9cipal light2--if x 7 a fruit-tree 9 spr+-blossom1 in/ead ( a desolate mill1 we c\ld n make x :it] or bright]2 we illume our :ole picture ) x1 & exult ov] its e r5t z a special treasure & possession4 ,n s ,turn]4 ,8 mill is /ill s]viceable2 b1 = all t1 he feels some:at p5sive ab\t x4 ,x is a poor prop]ty1 & evid5tly ! own] ( x has en\gh to d to get 8 own bread out f betwe5 its /ones4 ,moreov]1 !re is a dim type ( all melan*oly human labor 9 x1--cat*+ ! free w9ds1 & sett+ !m to turn gr9d/ones4 ,x is poor "w = ! w9ds2 bett]1 inde$1 ?an dr[n+ sailors or te>+ d[n =e/s1 b n _! prop] "w ( m>%all+ ! cl\ds1 & be>+ ! :olesome ra9s to ! place :]e !y are ord]$ to fall1 & fann+ ! fl[]s & leaves :5 !y are fa9t ) heat4 ,turn+ r\nd a c\ple ( /ones1 = ! m]e pulv]ization ( human food1 is n noble "w = ! w9ds4 ,s1 also1 ( all l[ labor to :i* "o sets human s\ls4 ,x is bett] ?an no labor2 &1 9 a /ill high] degree1 bett] ?an de/ructive w&]+ ( imag9ation2 b yet1 t gr9d+ 9 ! d>kness1 = m]e food's sake1 mu/ be melan*oly "w en\gh = _m a liv+ creature4 ,all m5 h felt x s2 & ?is gr9d+ at ! mill1 :e!r x be breeze or s\l t is set to x1 we _c mu* rejoice 94 ,turn] has no joy ( 8 mill4 ,x %all be d>k aga9/ ! sky1 yet pr\d1 & on ! hill-top2 n a%am$ ( its labor1 & bright5$ f beyond1 ! gold5 cl\ds /oop+ ov] x1 & ! calm summ] sun go+ d[n beh9d1 f> away1 to 8 re/4 #ab4 ,n[ 9 all ?is obs]ve h[ ! high] condition ( art 7= ,i suppose ! read] w feel1 ) me1 t ,turn]'s is ! highe/7 dep5ds ^u l>g5ess ( sympa?y4 ,x is ma9ly because ! "o pa9t] has communion ( he>t ) 8 subject1 & ! o!r only ca/s 8 eyes ^u x feel+lessly1 t ! "w ( ! "o is great] ?an t ( ! o!r4 ,&1 z we ?9k f>!r ov] ! matt]1 we %all see t ?is is inde$ ! em95t cause ( ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! l[] picturesque & ! high]4 ,=1 9 a c]ta9 s5se1 ! l[] picturesque ideal is em95tly a he>tless "o3 ! lov] ( x seems to g =? into ! _w 9 a temp] z m]ciless z its rocks4 ,all o!r m5 feel "s regret at ! sight ( disord] & ru94 ,he alone delights 9 bo?2 x matt]s n ( :at4 ,fall5 cottage--desolate villa--des]t$ village--bla/$ hea?--m\ld]+ ca/le--to him1 s t !y d b %[ jagg$ angles ( /one & timb]1 all are sights equally joyful4 ,pov]ty1 & d>kness1 & guilt1 br+ 9 _! sev]al contributions to 8 treasury ( pleasant ?\ghts4 ,! %att]$ w9d[1 op5+ into black & gha/ly r5ts ( wall1 ! f\l rag or /raw wisp /opp+ !m1 ! dang]\s ro(1 decrepit floor & /air1 ragg$ mis]y or wa/+ age ( ! inhabitants1--all ^! conduce1 ea* 9 due measure1 to ! fulness ( 8 satisfaction4 ,:at is x to him t ! old man has pass$ 8 sev5ty ye>s 9 helpless d>kness & untaught wa/e ( s\l8 ,! old man has at la/ accompli%$ 8 de/9y1 & fill$ ! corn] ( a sket*1 :]e some?+ ( an un%apely nature 0 want+4 ,:at is x to him t ! p fe/] 9 t fev]i% mis]y 9 ! l[ qu>t] ( ! t[n1 by ! riv]8 ,nay1 x is mu* to him4 ,:at else 7 !y made =8 :at c\ld !y h done bett]8 ,! black timb]s1 & ! gre5 wat]1 & ! soak+ wrecks ( boats1 & ! torn remnants ( clo!s hung out to dry 9 ! sun2--truly ! fev]-/ruck creatures1 ^: lives h be5 giv5 = ! production ( ^! mat]ials ( effect1 h n di$ 9 va94#e #ac4 ,yet1 = all ?is1 ,i d n say ! lov] ( ! l[] picturesque is a mon/] 9 human =m4 ,he is by no means ?is1 ?\gh truly we might at fir/ ?9k s1 if we came across him unaw>es1 & _h n met ) any su* sort ( p]son be=e4 ,g5]ally speak+1 he is k9d-he>t$1 innoc5t ( evil1 b n broad 9 ?\ght2 some:at selfi%1 & incapable ( acute sympa?y ) o!rs2 gift$ at ! same "t ) /rong arti/ic in/9cts & capacities = ! enjoym5t ( v>i$ =m1 & light1 & %ade1 9 pursuit ( :i* enjoym5t 8 life is pass$1 z ! lives ( o!r m5 are1 = ! mo/ "p1 9 ! pursuit ( :at !y also l1--be x honor1 or money1 or indol5t pleasure1--v irrespective ( ! poor p liv+ by ! /agnant canal4 ,&1 9 "s sort1 ! hunt] ( ! picturesque is bett] ?an _m ( ^!2 inasmu* z he is simple-m9d$ & capable ( uno/5tati\s & economical delights1 :i*1 if n v helpful to o!r p1 are at all ev5ts utt]ly un9juri\s1 ev5 to ! victims or subjects ( 8 picturesque fancies2 :ile to _m o!rs 8 "w is ent]ta9+ & useful4 ,&1 m ?an all ?is1 ev5 t delight :i* he seems to take 9 mis]y is n altoge!r unvirtu\s4 ,?r\gh all 8 enjoym5t !re runs a c]ta9 "u curr5t ( tragical passion1--a real ve9 ( human sympa?y2--x lies at ! root ( all ^? /range morbid haunt+s ( 82 a sad excitem5t1 su* z o!r p feel at a trag$y1 only less 9 degree1 j en\gh1 inde$1 to give a deep] tone to 8 pleasure1 & to make him *oose = 8 subject ! brok5 /ones ( a cottage wall1 r ?an ( a roadside bank1 ! picturesque beauty ( =m 9 ea* be+ suppos$ precisely ! same3 &1 toge!r ) ?is slight tragical feel+1 !re is also a humble & romantic sympa?y2 a vague desire1 9 8 own m9d1 to live 9 cottages r ?an 9 palaces2 a joy 9 humble ?+s1 a cont5tm5t & delight 9 make%ifts1 a secret p]suasion 79 _m respects a true "o7 t !re is 9 ^! ru9$ cottages a happ9ess (t5 q z great z 9 k+s' palaces1 & a virtue & ne>ness to ,god inf9itely great] & holi] ?an c commonly be f\nd 9 any o!r k9d ( place2 s t ! mis]y 9 :i* he exults is n1 z he sees x1 mis]y1 b nobl5ess1--poor1 & sick 9 body1 & belov$ by ! ,gods4#f ,& ?us1 be+ n[ise sure t ^! ?+s c be m5d$ at all1 & v sure t he kn[s n h[ to m5d !m1 & also t ! /range pleasure he feels 9 !m mu/ h "s good reason 9 ! nature ( ?+s1 he yields to 8 de/9y1 enjoys 8 d>k canal )\t scruple1 & m\rns ov] e improvem5t 9 ! t[n1 & e movem5t made by its sanit>y commission]s1 z a mis] w\ld ov] a plann$ robb]y ( 8 *e/2 9 all ?is be+ n only innoc5t1 b ev5 respectable & admirable1 comp>$ ) ! k9d ( p]son :o has no pleasure 9 sights ( ?is k9d1 b only 9 fair faades1 trim g>d5s1 & p>k pal+s1 & :o w\ld ?ru/ all pov]ty & mis]y out ( 8 way1 collect+ x into back alleys1 or sweep+ x f9ally out ( ! _w1 s t ! /reet might give wid] play = 8 *>iot :eels1 & ! breeze less (f5ce to 8 nobility4 #ad4 ,!re=e1 ev5 ! love = ! l[] picturesque ought to be cultivat$ ) c>e1 :]ev] x exi/s2 n ) any special view to arti/ic1 b to m]ely humane1 education4 ,x w nev] really or s]i\sly int]f]e ) practical b5evol5ce2 on ! contr>y1 x w con/antly lead1 if associat$ ) o!r b5evol5t pr9ciples1 to a tru] sympa?y ) ! poor1 & bett] und]/&+ ( ! "r ways ( help+ !m2 &1 9 ! pres5t /age ( civilization1 x is ! mo/ important elem5t ( "*1 n directly moral1 :i* c be cultivat$ 9 y\?2 s9ce x is ma9ly = ! want ( ?is feel+ t we de/roy s _m anci5t monum5ts1 9 ord] to erect h&some /reets & %ops in/ead1 :i* might j z well h be5 erect$ else:]e1 & ^: effect on our m9ds1 s f> z !y h any1 is to increase e disposition to frivolity1 exp5se1 & display4 ,^!1 & su* o!r consid]ations n directly connect$ ) our subject1 ,i %all1 p]haps1 be able to press f>!r at ! close ( my "w2 meantime1 we turn to ! imm$iate "q1 ( ! di/9ction betwe5 ! l[] & high] picturesque1 & ! arti/s :o pursue !m4 #ae4 ,x is evid5t1 f :at has be5 advanc$1 t !re is no def9ite b> ( sep>ation betwe5 ! two2 b t ! dignity ( ! picturesque increases f l[] to high]1 9 exact proportion to ! sympa?y ( ! arti/ ) 8 subject4 ,& 9 l mann] 8 own greatness dep5ds 7o!r ?+s be+ equal7 on ! ext5t ( ?is sympa?y4 ,if he re/s cont5t ) n>r[ enjoym5t ( outw>d =ms1 & light s5sations ( luxuri\s trag$y1 & s goes on multiply+ 8 sket*es ( m]e picturesque mat]ial1 he necess>ily settles d[n into ! ord9>y clev] arti/1 v good & respectable1 ma9ta9+ himself by 8 sket*+ & pa9t+ 9 an honorable way1 z by any o!r daily bus9ess1 & 9 due "t pass+ away f ! _w )\t hav+1 on ! :ole1 done mu* = x4 ,su* has be5 ! necess>y1 n v lam5table1 de/9y ( a l>ge numb] ( m5 9 ^! days1 ^: gifts urg$ !m to ! practice ( art1 b :o possess+ no bread? ( m9d1 nor hav+ met ) ma/]s capable ( conc5trat+ :at gifts !y _h t[>ds nobl] use1 almo/ p]=ce rema9$ 9 _! small picturesque circle2 gett+ m & m n>r[$ 9 range ( sympa?y z !y fell m & m into ! habit ( contemplat+ ! "o p>ticul> class ( subjects t pleas$ !m1 & recompos+ !m by rules ( art4 ,i ne$ n give in/ances ( ?is class1 we h v few pa9t]s :o belong to any o!r2 ,i only pause = a mom5t to except f x a man too (t5 conf\nd$ ) ! draughtsm5 ( ! l[] picturesque2--a v great man1 :o1 ?\gh p>tly by *ance1 & p>tly by *oice1 limit$ 9 range ( subject1 possess$ = t subject ! pr(\nde/ & noble/ sympa?y--,samuel ,pr\t4 ,8 r5d]+s ( ! "* ( old build+s1 su* z t spire ( ,calais1 are z p]fect & z he>tfelt z ,i c conceive possible2 nor d ,i suppose t any "o else w ev] h]eaft] equal !m4#g ,8 e>ly works %[ t he possess$ a grasp ( m9d :i* c\ld h ent]$ into almo/ any k9d ( l&scape subject2 t x 0 only *ance--,i d n "k if altoge!r evil *ance--:i* fett]$ him to /ones2 & t 9 reality he is to be numb]$ among ! true ma/]s ( ! nobl] picturesque4 #af4 ,( ^!1 also1 ! ranks rise 9 wor?9ess1 accord+ to _! sympa?y4 ,9 ! noble/ ( !m1 t sympa?y seems q unlimit$2 !y ent] ) _! :ole he>t into all nature2 _! love ( grace & beauty keeps !m f delight+ too mu* 9 %att]$ /ones & /unt$ trees1 _! k9dness & compassion f dwell+ by *oice on any k9d ( mis]y1 _! p]fect humility f avoid+ simplicity ( subject :5 x comes 9 _! way1 & _! grasp ( ! highe/ ?\ghts f seek+ a l[] sublimity 9 cottage walls & p5?\se ro(s4 ,&1 :e!r x be home ( ,engli% village ?at*$ ) /raw & wall$ ) clay1 or ( ,italian city vault$ ) gold & ro($ ) m>ble2 :e!r x be /agnant /ream "u ragg$ will[1 or glanc+ f\nta9 betwe5 arcades ( laurel1 all to !m w br+ equal p[] ( happ9ess1 & equal field = ?\ght4 #ag4 ,turn] is ! only arti/ :o hi!rto has furni%$ ! entire type ( ?is p]fection4 ,! atta9m5t ( x 9 all respects is1 ( c\rse1 impossible to man2 b ! complete type ( su* a m9d has once be5 se5 9 him1 &1 ,i ?9k1 exi/$ also 9 ,t9toret2 ?\gh1 z f> z ,i "k1 ,t9toret has n left any "w :i* indicates sympa?y ) ! humor ( ! _w4 ,paul ,v]onese1 on ! o!r h&1 _h sympa?y ) its humor1 b n ) its deepe/ trag$y or horror4 ,rub5s wants ! feel+ = grace & my/]y4 ,& s1 z we pass ?r\gh ! li/ ( great pa9t]s1 we %all f9d 9 ea* ( !m "s local n>r[ness4 ,n[1 ,i d n1 ( c\rse1 mean to say t ,turn] has accompli%$ all to :i* 8 sympa?y prompt$ him2 necess>ily1 ! v bread? ( ef=t involv$1 9 "s directions1 manife/ failure2 b he has %[n1 9 casual incid5ts1 & by-ways1 a range ( feel+ :i* no o!r pa9t]1 z f> z ,i "k1 c equal4 ,he _c1 = in/ance1 draw *ildr5 at play z well z ,mulready2 b j glean out ( 8 works ! evid5ce ( 8 sympa?y ) *ildr52--look at ! girl putt+ h] bonnet on ! dog1 9 ! =egr\nd ( ! ,ri*mond1 ,york%ire2 ! juv5ile tricks & m>9e dabbl]s ( ! ,lib] ,/udiorum2 ! boys scrambl+ aft] _! kites 9 ! woods ( ! ,greta & ,buckfa/leigh2 & ! notable & mo/ pa!tic draw+ ( ! ,kirkby ,lonsdale *ur*y>d1 ) ! s*oolboys mak+ a =tress ( _! l>g] books on ! tomb/one1 to bomb>d ) ! m projectile volumes2 & pass+ f ^! to ! int5se horror & pa?os ( ! ,rizpah1 consid] = y\rself :e!r !re 0 ev] any o!r pa9t] :o c\ld /rike su* an octave4 ,:e!r !re has be5 or n1 9 o!r walks ( art1 ?is p[] ( sympa?y is unque/ionably 9 l&scape unrivall$2 & x w be "o ( our pleasante/ future tasks to analyze 9 8 v>i\s draw+ ! "* x always gives2 a "*1 inde$1 m or less m>k$ 9 all good "w :atev]1 b to :i*1 be+ preem95t 9 him1 ,i %all always h]eaft] give ! "n ( ! ,turn]ian ,picturesque4 ,,footnotes #a ,ghirl&ajo is se5 to ! greate/ possible disadvantage 9 ?is place1 z ,i h be5 =c$ aga9 to copy f ,las9io1 :o leaves out all ! light & %ade1 & vulg>izes e =m2 b ! po9ts requir+ notice "h are suffici5tly %[n1 & ,i w d ,ghirl&ajo m ju/ice h]eaft]4 #b ,sev5 ,lamps ( ,ar*itecture1 *ap4 vi4 #ab4 #c ,! pr9cipal /reet ( ,cant]bury has "s curi\s examples ( ?is t99ess4 #d ,?is1 h[ev]1 is ( c\rse true only ( insignificant duties1 necess>y = appe>ance' sake4 ,s]i\s duties1 necess>y = k9dness' sake1 mu/ be p]mitt$ 9 any dome/ic affliction1 "u pa9 ( %ock+ ! ,engli% public4 #e ,i extract f my private di>y a passage be>+ some:at on ! matt] 9 h&3-- ,ami5s1 #aa? ,may1 #ah--4 ,i _h a happy walk "h ?is aft]noon1 d[n among ! bran*+ curr5ts ( ! ,somme2 x divides into five or six1--%all[1 gre51 & n ov]-:olesome2 "s q n>r[ & f\l1 runn+ b5ea? clu/]s ( fe>ful h\ses1 reel+ masses ( rott5 timb]2 & a few m]e /umps ( poll>d will[ /ick+ out ( ! banks ( s(t mud1 only reta9$ 9 %ape ( bank by be+ %or$ up ) timb]s2 & boats l pap] boats1 ne>ly z ?9 at lea/1 = ! co/]mong]s to paddle ab\t 9 among ! we$s1 ! wat] soak+ ?r\gh ! la? bottoms1 & float+ ! dead leaves f ! vegetable-baskets ) :i* !y 7 load$4 ,mis]able little back y>ds1 op5+ to ! wat]1 ) /eep /one /eps d[n to x1 & little plat=ms = ! ducks2 & sep>ate duck /aircases1 compos$ ( a slop+ bo>d ) cross bits ( wood lead+ to ! ducks' doors1 & sometimes a fl[]-pot or two on !m1 or ev5 a fl[]1--"o gr\p1 ( wallfl[]s & g]aniums1 curi\sly vivid1 be+ se5 aga9/ ! d>kness ( a dy]'s back y>d1 :o _h be5 dye+ black all day1 & all 0 black 9 8 y>d b ! fl[]s1 & !y fi]y & pure2 ! wat] by no means s1 b /ill work+ its way /eadily ov] ! we$s1 until x n>r[$ into a curr5t /rong en\gh to turn two or ?ree mill-:eels1 "o work+ aga9/ ! side ( an old flamboyant ,go?ic *ur*1 ^: ri*ly trac]i$ buttresses slop$ into ! fil?y /ream2--all exquisitely picturesque1 & no less mis]able4 ,we delight 9 see+ ! figures 9 ^! boats pu%+ !m ab\t ! bits ( blue wat]1 9 ,pr\t's draw+s2 b z ,i look$ to-day at ! unheal?y face & melan*oly mi5 ( ! man 9 ! boat pu%+ 8 load ( peats along ! dit*1 & ( ! p1 m5 z well z wom51 :o sat sp9n+ gloomily at ! cottage doors1 ,i c\ld n help feel+ h[ _m suff]+ p]sons mu/ pay = my picturesque subject & happy walk4 #f ,epitaph on ,epictetus4 #g ,i believe :5 a ?+ is once well done 9 ?is _w1 x nev] c be done ov] aga94 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,( ,,turn]ian ,,topography4 #a4 ,we saw1 9 ! c\rse ( ! la/ *apt]1 ) :at k9d ( feel+ an arti/ ought to reg>d ! "* ( e object he und]takes to pa9t4 ,! next "q is1 :at objects he ought to und]take to pa9t2 h[ f> he %\ld be influ5c$ by 8 feel+s 9 ! *oice ( subjects2 & h[ f> he %\ld p]mit himself to alt]1 or1 9 ! usual art language1 improve1 nature4 ,= x has already be5 /at$ 7,vol4 ,,iii4 ,*ap4 ,,iii4 #ba471 t all great art mu/ be inv5tive2 t is to say1 its subject mu/ be produc$ by ! imag9ation4 ,if s1 !n great l&scape art _c be a m]e copy ( any giv5 sc5e2 & we h n[ to inquire :at else ?an ?is x may be4 #b4 ,if ! read] w glance ov] t tw5ty-fir/1 & ! foll[+ ?ree p>agraphs ( ! same *apt]1 he w see t we !re divid$ art g5]ally into hi/orical & poetical1 or ! art ( relat+ facts simply1 & facts imag9atively4 ,n[1 ) respect to l&scape1 ! hi/orical art is simple topography1 & ! imag9ative art is :at ,i h 9 ! head+ ( ! pres5t *apt] call$ ,turn]ian topography1 & mu/ 9 ! c\rse ( x endeavor to expla94 ,obs]ve1 h[ev]1 at ! outset1 t1 t\*+ ! duty or fitness ( alt]+ nature at all1 ! qu>rels :i* h s w(ully divid$ ! _w ( art are caus$ only by want ( und]/&+ ?is simple/ ( all canons1--,x is always wrong to draw :at y don't see4 ,?is law is inviolable4 ,b !n1 "s p see only ?+s t exi/1 & o!rs see ?+s t d n exi/1 or d n exi/ app>5tly4 ,& if !y really see ^! non-app>5t ?+s1 !y are q "r to draw !m2 ! only h>m is :5 p try to draw non-app>5t ?+s1 :o don't see !m1 b ?9k !y c calculate or compose into exi/5ce :at is to !m = ev]more invisible4 ,if "s p really see angels :]e o!rs see only empty space1 let !m pa9t ! angels2 only let n anybody else ?9k !y c pa9t an angel1 too1 on any calculat$ pr9ciples ( ! angelic4 #c4 ,if1 !re=e1 :5 we g to a place1 we see no?+ else ?an is !re1 we are to pa9t no?+ else1 & to rema9 pure topographical or hi/orical l&scape pa9t]s4 ,if1 go+ to ! place1 we see some?+ q diff]5t f :at is !re1 !n we are to pa9t t--nay1 we mu/ pa9t t1 :e!r we w or n2 x be+1 = u1 ! only reality we c get at4 ,b let u bew>e ( pret5d+ to see ?is unreality if we d n4 ,! simple obs]vance ( ?is rule w\ld put an end to ne>ly all disputes1 & keep a l>ge numb] ( m5 9 heal?y "w1 :o n[ totally wa/e _! lives2 s t ! mo/ important "q t an arti/ c possibly h to det]m9e = himself1 is :e!r he has inv5tion or n4 ,& ?is he c asc]ta9 ) ease4 ,if visions ( unreal ?+s pres5t !mselves to him ) or )\t 8 own w1 pray+ to be pa9t$1 q ungov]nable 9 _! com+ or go+1--nei!r to be summon$ if !y d n *oose to come1 nor bani%$ if !y d1--he has inv5tion4 ,if1 on ! contr>y1 he only sees ! commonly visible facts2 &1 %\ld he n l !m1 & want to alt] !m1 f9ds t he mu/ ?9k ( a rule :]eby to d s1 he has no inv5tion4 ,all ! rules 9 ! _w w d him no good2 & if he tries to draw any?+ else ?an ^? mat]ially visible facts1 he w pass 8 :ole life 9 uselessness1 & produce no?+ b sci5tific absurdities4 #d4 ,let him take 8 "p at once1 boldly1 & be cont5t4 ,pure hi/ory & pure topography are mo/ preci\s ?+s2 9 _m cases m useful to ! human race ?an high imag9ative "w2 & assur$ly x is int5d$ t a l>ge majority ( all :o are employ$ 9 art %\ld nev] aim at any?+ high]4 ,x is only vanity1 nev] love1 nor any o!r noble feel+1 :i* prompts m5 to des]t _! allegiance to ! simple tru?1 9 va9 pursuit ( ! imag9ative tru? :i* has be5 appo9t$ to be = ev]more seal$ to !m4 ,nor let x be suppos$ t arti/s :o possess m9or degrees ( imag9ative gift ne$ be emb>rass$ by ! d\btful s5se ( _! own p[]s4 ,9 g5]al1 :5 ! imag9ation is at all noble1 x is irresi/ible1 & !re=e ^? :o c at all resi/ x ought to resi/ x4 ,be a pla9 topograph] if y possibly c2 if ,nature meant y to be any?+ else1 %e w =ce y to x2 b nev] try to be a prophet2 g on quietly ) y\r h>d camp-"w1 & ! _s w come to y 9 ! camp1 z x did to ,eldad & ,m$ad1 if y are appo9t$ to h x2 b try above all ?+s to be quickly p]ceptive ( ! noble _s 9 o!rs1 & to disc]n 9 an in/ant betwe5 its true utt]ance & ! diseas$ mimicries ( x4 ,9 a g5]al way1 rememb] x is a f> bett] ?+ to f9d out o!r great m51 ?an to become "o y\rself3 = y c b become "o at be/1 b y may br+ o!rs to light 9 numb]s4 #e4 ,we h1 !re=e1 to inquire :at k9d ( *anges ^! are1 :i* mu/ be wr\ght by ! imag9ative pa9t] on l&scape1 & by :om !y h be5 ?us nobly wr\ght4 ,fir/1 = ! bett] com=t ( ! non-imag9ative pa9t]1 be x obs]v$1 t x is n possible to f9d a l&scape1 :i*1 if pa9t$ precisely z x is1 w n make an impressive picture4 ,no "o kn[s1 till he has tri$1 :at /range beauty & subtle composition is prep>$ to 8 h& by ,nature1 :]ev] %e is left to h]self2 & :at deep feel+ may be f\nd 9 _m ( ! mo/ homely sc5es1 ev5 :]e man has int]f]$ ) ^? wild ways ( h]s4 ,b1 beyond ?is1 let him note t ?\gh hi/orical topography =bids alt]ation1 x nei!r =bids s5tim5t nor *oice4 ,s f> f do+ ?is1 ! prop] *oice ( subject#h is an absolute duty to ! topographical pa9t]3 he %\ld fir/ take c>e t x is a subject int5sely pleas+ to himself1 else he w nev] pa9t x well2 & !n also1 t x %all be "o 9 "s sort pleasurable to ! g5]al public1 else x is n wor? pa9t+ at all2 & la/ly1 take c>e t x be in/ructive1 z well z pleasurable to ! public1 else x is n wor? pa9t+ ) c>e4 ,i %\ld p>ticul>ly insi/ at pres5t on ?is c>eful *oice ( subject1 because ! ,pre-,raphaelites1 tak5 z a body1 h be5 culpably neglig5t 9 ?is respect1 n 9 humble honor ( ,nature1 b 9 morbid indulg5ce ( _! own impressions4 ,!y happ5 to f9d _! fancies caught by a bit ( an oak h$ge1 or ! we$s at ! sides ( a duck-pond1 because1 p]haps1 !y rem9d !m ( a /anza ( ,t5nyson2 & =?) !y sit d[n to sacrifice ! mo/ consummate skill1 two or ?ree mon?s ( ! be/ summ] "t available = out-door "w 7equival5t to "s sev5tie? or sixtie? ( all _! lives71 & ne>ly all _! cr$it ) ! public1 to ?is duck-pond del9eation4 ,n[ x is inde$ q "r t !y %\ld see mu* to be lov$ 9 ! h$ge1 nor less 9 ! dit*2 b x is utt]ly & inexcusably wrong t !y %\ld neglect ! nobl] sc5]y :i* is full ( maje/ic int]e/1 or en*ant$ by hi/orical association2 s t1 z ?+s g at pres5t1 we h all ! commonalty t may be se5 :5ev] we *oose1 pa9t$ prop]ly2 b all ( lovely & wond]ful1 :i* we _c see b at r>e int]vals1 pa9t$ vilely3 ! ca/les ( ! ,rh9e & ,rhone made vignettes ( = ! annuals2 & ! nettles & mu%rooms1 :i* 7 prep>$ by ,nature em95tly = nettle porridge & fi% sauce1 immortaliz$ by art z rev]5tly z if we 7 ,egyptians1 & !y deities4 #f4 ,g5]ally speak+1 !re=e1 ! duty ( e pa9t] at pres5t1 :o has n mu* inv5tion1 is to take subjects ( :i* ! portraiture w be preci\s 9 aft] times2 views ( our abbeys & ca!drals2 di/ant views ( cities1 if possible *os5 f "s spot 9 itself notable by association2 p]fect /udies ( ! battle-fields ( ,europe1 ( all h\ses ( celebrat$ m51 & places !y lov$1 &1 ( c\rse1 ( ! mo/ lovely natural sc5]y4 ,&1 9 do+ all ?is1 x %\ld be und]/ood1 prim>ily1 :e!r ! picture is topographical or n3 if topographical1 !n n a l9e is to be alt]$1 n a /ick nor /one remov$1 n a color deep5$1 n a =m improv$2 ! picture is to be1 z f> z possible1 ! reflection ( ! place 9 a mirror2 & ! arti/ to consid] himself only z a s5sitive & skilful reflector1 tak+ c>e t no false impression is convey$ by any error on 8 "p :i* he might h avoid$2 s t x may be = ev] aft]w>ds 9 ! p[] ( all m5 to lean on 8 "w ) absolute tru/1 & to say3 ,s x 03--on su* a day ( ,june or ,july ( su* a ye>1 su* a place look$ l ?is2 ^! we$s 7 gr[+ !re1 s tall & no tall]2 ^? /ones 7 ly+ !re1 s _m & no m2 t t[] s rose aga9/ ! sky1 & t %ad[ s slept ^u ! /reet4 #g4 ,nor let x be suppos$ t ! do+ ( ?is w\ld ev] become me*anical1 or be f\nd too easy1 or exclude s5tim5t4 ,z = its be+ easy1 ^? only ?9k s :o nev] tri$ x2 composition be+1 9 fact1 inf9itely easi] to a man :o c compose1 ?an imitation ( ?is high k9d to ev5 ! mo/ able imitator2 nor w\ld x exclude s5tim5t1 =1 h[ev] s9c]ely we may try to pa9t all we see1 ?is _c1 z (t5 a=esaid1 be ev] done3 all t is possible is a c]ta9 selection1 & m or less wilful ass]tion1 ( "o fact 9 pref]5ce to ano!r2 :i* selection ought always to be made "u ! influ5ce ( s5tim5t4 ,nor w su* topography involve an entire submission to ugly accid5ts int]f]+ ) ! impressiv5ess ( ! sc5e4 ,i hope1 z art is bett] und]/ood1 t our pa9t]s w get into ! habit ( accompany+ all _! works ) a writt5 /atem5t ( _! own reasons = pa9t+ !m1 & ! circum/ances "u :i* !y 7 done2 &1 if 9 ?is writt5 docum5t !y /ate ! omissions !y h made1 !y may make z _m z !y ?9k prop]4 ,= in/ance1 x is n possible n[ to obta9 a view ( ! head ( ! ,lake ( ,g5eva )\t includ+ ! ,htel ,biron--an e/abli%m5t look+ l a l>ge cotton factory--j above ! ,ca/le ( ,*illon4 ,?is build+ ought always to be omitt$1 & ! reason = ! omission /at$4 ,s ! beauty ( ! :ole t[n ( ,luc]ne1 z se5 f ! lake1 is de/roy$ by ! l>ge new hotel = ! ,engli%1 :i* ought1 9 l mann]1 to be ignor$1 & ! h\ses beh9d x drawn z if x 7 transp>5t4 #h4 ,b if a pa9t] has inv5tive p[] he is to treat 8 subject 9 a totally diff]5t way2 giv+ n ! actual facts ( x1 b ! impression x made on 8 m9d4 ,& n[1 once = all1 let x be cle>ly und]/ood t an impression on ! m9d does n mean a piece ( manufacture4 ,! way 9 :i* mo/ arti/s proce$ to inv5t1 z !y call x1 a picture1 is ?is3 !y *oose _! subject1 = ! mo/ "p1 well1 ) a suffici5t quantity ( t[]s1 m\nta9s1 ru9$ cottages1 & o!r mat]ials1 to be g5]ally int]e/+2 !n !y fix on "s object = a pr9cipal light2 beh9d ?is !y put a d>k cl\d1 or1 9 front ( x1 a d>k piece ( =egr\nd2 !n !y repeat ?is light some:]e else 9 a less degree1 & connect ! two lights toge!r by "s int]m$iate ones4 ,if !y f9d any "p ( ! =egr\nd un9t]e/+ !y put a gr\p ( figures into x2 if any "p ( ! di/ance1 !y put some?+ !re f "s o!r sket*2 & proce$ to inf]ior detail 9 ! same mann]1 tak+ c>e always to put :ite /ones ne> black ones1 & purple colors ne> yell[ ones1 & angul> =ms ne> r\nd ones2--all be+ z simply a matt] ( recipe & practice z cook]y2 l t1 n by any means a ?+ easily done well1 b /ill hav+ no ref]5ce :atev] to impressions on ! m9d4 #i4 ,b ! arti/ :o has real inv5tion sets to "w 9 a totally diff]5t way4 ,fir/1 he receives a true impression f ! place itself1 & takes c>e to keep hold ( t z 8 *ief good2 inde$1 he ne$s no c>e 9 ! matt]1 = ! di/9ction ( 8 m9d f t ( o!rs consi/s 9 8 in/antly receiv+ su* s5sations /rongly1 & be+ unable to lose !m2 & !n he sets himself z f> z possible to reproduce t impression on ! m9d ( ! spectator ( 8 picture4 ,n[1 obs]ve1 ?is impression on ! m9d nev] results f ! m]e piece ( sc5]y :i* c be includ$ )9 ! limits ( ! picture4 ,x dep5ds on ! temp] into :i* ! m9d has be5 br\ght1 bo? by all ! l&scape r\nd1 & by :at has be5 se5 previ\sly 9 ! c\rse ( ! day2 s t no p>ticul> spot ^u :i* ! pa9t]'s glance may at any mom5t fall1 is !n to him :at1 if se5 by itself1 x w be to ! spectator f> away2 nor is x :at x w\ld be1 ev5 to t spectator1 if he _h come to ! reality ?r\gh ! /eps :i* ,nature has appo9t$ to be ! prep>ation = x1 in/ead ( see+ x isolat$ on an exhibition wall4 ,= in/ance1 on ! desc5t ( ! ,/4 ,go?>d1 t[>ds ,italy1 j aft] pass+ ?r\gh ! n>r[ gorge above ,fad1 ! road em]ges into a little bread? ( valley1 :i* is entirely fill$ by fall5 /ones & dbris1 p>tly disgorg$ by ! ,tic9o z x leaps out ( ! n>r[] *asm1 & p>tly br\ght d[n by w9t] avalan*es f a loose & decompos+ mass ( m\nta9 on ! left4 ,beyond ?is fir/ promontory is se5 a consid]ably high] range1 b n an impos+ "o1 :i* rises above ! village ( ,fad4 ,! et*+1 ,plate #bj1 is a topographical outl9e ( ! sc5e1 ) ! actual blocks ( rock :i* happ5$ to be ly+ 9 ! b$ ( ! ,tic9o at ! spot f :i* ,i *ose to draw x4 ,! masses ( loose dbris 7:i*1 = any p]man5t purpose1 ,i _h no ne$ to draw1 z _! arrangem5t *anges at e flood7 ,i h n drawn1 b only ^? features ( ! l&scape :i* happ5 to be ( "s cont9ual importance4 ,( :i* note1 fir/1 t ! little ?ree-w9d[$ build+ on ! left is ! remnant ( a gall]y built to protect ! road1 :i* once w5t on t side1 f ! avalan*es & /ones t come d[n ! c\loir#i 9 ! rock above4 ,x is only a ru91 ! great] "p hav+ be5 by said avalan*es swept away1 & ! old road1 ( :i* a remnant is also se5 on ! extreme left1 ab&on$1 & c>ri$ n[ along ! hillside on ! "r1 p>tly su/a9$ on r\gh /one ar*es1 & w9d+ d[n1 z se5 9 ! sket*1 to a weak wood5 bridge1 :i* enables x to recov] its old track pa/ ! gall]y4 ,x seems =m]ly 7b s9ce ! de/ruction ( ! gall]y7 to h gone ab\t a mile f>!r d[n ! riv] on ! "r bank1 & !n to h be5 c>ri$ across by a long] wood5 bridge1 ( :i* only ! two abutm5ts are se5 9 ! sket*1 ! re/ hav+ be5 swept away by ! ,tic9o1 & ! new bridge erect$ ne> ! spectator4 #aj4 ,!re is no?+ 9 ?is sc5e1 tak5 by itself1 p>ticul>ly int]e/+ or impressive4 ,! m\nta9s are n elevat$1 nor p>ticul>ly f9e 9 =m1 & ! heaps ( /ones :i* encumb] ! ,tic9o pres5t no?+ notable to ! ord9>y eye4 ,b1 9 reality1 ! place is approa*$ ?r\gh "o ( ! n>r[e/ & mo/ sublime rav9es 9 ! ,alps1 & aft] ! travell] dur+ ! e>ly "p ( ! day has be5 famili>iz$ ) ! aspect ( ! highe/ peaks ( ! ,mont ,/4 ,go?>d4 ,h5ce x speaks q ano!r language to him f t 9 :i* x w\ld address itself to an unprep>$ spectator3 ! confus$ /ones1 :i* by !mselves w\ld be almo/ )\t any claim ^u 8 ?\ghts1 become expon5ts ( ! fury ( ! riv] by :i* he has j\rney$ all day long2 ! defile beyond1 n 9 itself n>r[ or t]rible1 is reg>d$ nev]!less ) awe1 because x is imag9$ to resemble ! gorge t has j be5 trav]s$ above2 &1 al?\gh no v elevat$ m\nta9s imm$iately ov]hang x1 ! sc5e is felt to belong to1 & arise 9 its ess5tial *>act]s out (1 ! /r5g? ( ^? mighti] m\nta9s 9 ! unse5 nor?4 ,illu/ration3 #bj4 ,pass ( ,fad4 7#a/4 ,simple ,topography47 #aa4 ,any topographical del9eation ( ! facts1 !re=e1 mu/ be :olly incapable ( ar\s+ 9 ! m9d ( ! behold] ^? s5sations :i* w\ld be caus$ by ! facts !mselves1 se5 9 _! natural relations to o!rs4 ,& ! aim ( ! great inv5tive l&scape pa9t] mu/ be to give ! f> high] & deep] tru? ( m5tal vision1 r ?an t ( ! physical facts1 & to rea* a repres5tation :i*1 ?\gh x may be totally useless to eng9e]s or geograph]s1 &1 :5 tri$ by rule & measure1 totally unlike ! place1 %all yet be capable ( produc+ on ! f>-away behold]'s m9d precisely ! impression :i* ! reality w\ld h produc$1 & putt+ 8 he>t into ! same /ate 9 :i* x w\ld h be51 _h he v]ily desc5d$ into ! valley f ! gorges ( ,airolo4 #ab4 ,n[ obs]ve2 if 9 8 attempt to d ?is ! arti/ does n und]/& ! sacr$ness ( ! tru? ( ,impression1 & supposes t1 once quitt+ hold ( 8 fir/ ?\ght1 he may by ,philosophy compose some?+ pretti] ?an he saw1 & mighti] ?an he felt1 x is all ov] ) him4 ,e su* attempt at composition w be utt]ly abortive1 & end 9 some?+ t is nei!r true nor fanciful2 some?+ geographically useless1 & intellectually absurd4 ,b if1 hold+ fa/ 8 fir/ ?\ght1 he f9ds o!r ideas ins5sibly ga!r+ to x1 &1 :e!r he w or n1 modify+ x into some?+ :i* is n s mu* ! image ( ! place itself1 z ! _s ( ! place1 let him yield to su* fancies1 & foll[ !m :]ev] !y lead4 ,=1 ?\gh error on ?is side is v r>e among u 9 ^! days1 x is possible to *eck ^! f9] ?\ghts by ma!matical accuracies1 s z mat]ially to impair ! imag9ative faculty4 ,i %all be able to expla9 ?is bett] aft] we h trac$ ! actual op]ation ( ,turn]'s m9d on ! sc5e "u discussion4 #ac4 ,turn] 0 always f 8 y\? fond ( /ones 7we %all see pres5tly :y74 ,:e!r l>ge or small1 loose or emb$d$1 hewn into cubes or worn into b\ld]s1 he lov$ !m z mu* z ,william ,hunt loves p9eapples & plums4 ,s t ?is great litt] ( fall5 /ones1 :i* to any "o else w\ld h be5 simply disagreeable1 0 to ,turn] mu* ! same z if ! :ole valley _h be5 fill$ ) plums & p9eapples1 & delight$ him exce$+ly1 mu* m ?an ev5 ! gorge ( ,dazio ,gr&e j above4 ,b t gorge _h its effect ^u him also1 & 0 /ill n well out ( 8 head :5 ! dilig5ce /opp$ at ! bottom ( ! hill1 j at t turn ( ! road on ! "r ( ! bridge2 :i* favorable opportunity ,turn] seiz$ to make :at he call$ a memor&um ( ! place1 compos$ ( a few p5cil scrat*es on a bit ( ?9 pap]1 t w\ld roll up ) o!rs ( ! sort & g into 8 pocket aft]w>ds4 ,^! p5cil scrat*es he put a few blots ( color ^u 7,i suppose at ,bell9zona ! same ev5+1 c]ta9ly n ^u ! spot71 & %[$ me ?is blott$ sket* :5 he came home4 ,i ask$ him to make me a draw+ ( x1 :i* he did1 & casually told me aft]w>ds 7a r>e ?+ = him to d7 t he lik$ ! draw+ he _h made4 ,( ?is draw+ ,i h et*$ a r$uc$ outl9e 9 ,plate #ba4 #ad4 ,9 :i*1 prim>ily1 obs]ve t ! :ole place is alt]$ 9 scale1 & br\ght up to ! g5]al maje/y ( ! high] =ms ( ! ,alps4 ,x w be se5 t1 9 my topographical sket*1 !re are a few trees root$ 9 ! rock on ?is side ( ! gall]y1 %[+ by comp>ison1 t x is n above f\r or five hundr$ feet high4 ,^! trees ,turn] cuts away1 & gives ! rock a height ( ab\t a ?\s& feet1 s z to imply m p[] & dang] 9 ! avalan*e com+ d[n ! c\loir4 ,next1 he raises1 9 a /ill great] degree1 all ! m\nta9s beyond1 putt+ ?ree or f\r ranges in/ead ( "o1 b unit+ !m into a s+le massy bank at _! base1 :i* he makes ov]hang ! valley1 & ?us r$uces x ne>ly to su* a *asm z t :i* he _h j pass$ ?r\gh above1 s z to unite ! expression ( ?is rav9e ) t ( ! /ony valley4 ,a few trees1 9 ! holl[ ( ! gl51 he feels to be contr>y 9 _s to ! /ones1 & fells !m1 z he did ! o!rs2 s also he feels ! bridge 9 ! =egr\nd1 by its sl5d]ness1 to contradict ! aspect ( viol5ce 9 ! torr5t2 he ?9ks ! torr5t & avalan*es %\ld h x all _! own way h]eab\ts2 s he /rikes d[n ! ne>] bridge1 & re/ores ! "o f>!r (f1 :]e ! =ce ( ! /ream may be suppos$ less4 ,next1 ! bit ( road on ! "r1 above ! bank1 is n built on a wall1 nor on ar*es high en\gh to give ! idea ( an ,alp9e road 9 g5]al2 s he makes ! ar*es tall]1 & ! bank /eep]1 introduc+1 z we %all see pres5tly1 a rem9isc5ce f ! upp] "p ( ! pass4 ,illu/ration3 #ba4 ,pass ( ,fad4 7#b;d4 ,turn]ian ,topography47 #ae4 ,i say he ?9ks ?is1 & introduces t4 ,b1 /rictly speak+1 he does n ?9k at all4 ,if he ?\ght1 he w\ld in/antly g wrong2 x is only ! clumsy & un9v5tive arti/ :o ?9ks4 ,all ^! *anges come into 8 head involunt>ily2 an entirely imp]ative dream1 cry+1 ?us x mu/ be1 has tak5 possession ( him2 he c see1 & d1 no o!rwise ?an z ! dream directs4 ,?is is especially to be rememb]$ ) respect to ! next incid5t--! introduction ( figures4 ,mo/ p]sons to :om ,i h %[n ! draw+1 & :o feel its g5]al "*1 regret t !re is any liv+ ?+ 9 x2 !y say x de/roys ! maje/y ( its desolation4 ,b ! dream said n s to ,turn]4 ,! dream insi/$ p>ticul>ly ^u ! great fact ( its hav+ come by ! road4 ,! torr5t 0 wild1 ! /ones 7 wond]ful2 b ! mo/ wond]ful ?+ ( all 0 h[ we ourselves1 ! dream & ,i1 ev] got "h4 ,by our feet we c\ld n--by ! cl\ds we c\ld n--by any ivory gates we c\ld n--9 no o!r wise c\ld we h come ?an by ! coa* road4 ,"o ( ! great elem5ts ( s5sation1 all ! day long1 has be5 t extraord9>y road1 & its go+s on1 & gett+s ab\t2 "h1 "u avalan*es ( /ones1 & among insanities ( torr5ts1 & ov]hang+s ( precipices1 mu* torm5t$ & driv5 to all mann] ( make%ifts & coils to ?is side & ! o!r1 /ill ! m>vell\s road p]si/s 9 go+ on1 & t s smoo?ly & safely1 t x is n m]ely great dilig5ces1 go+ 9 a c>avani% mann]1 ) :ole teams ( horses1 t c trav]se x1 b little po/*aises ) small po/boys1 & a pair ( ponies4 ,& ! dream decl>$ t ! full ess5ce & s\l ( ! sc5e1 & consummation ( all ! wond]fulness ( ! torr5ts & ,alps1 lay 9 a po/*aise1 ) small ponies & po/boy1 :i* accord+ly x insi/$ ^u ,turn]'s ins]t+1 :e!r he lik$ x or n1 at ! turn ( ! road4 #af4 ,n[1 x w be obs]v$ by any "o famili> ) ord9>y pr9ciples ( arrangem5t ( =m 7on :i* pr9ciples ,i %all insi/ at l5g? 9 ano!r place71 t :ile ! dream introduces ^! *anges be>+ on ! expression ( ! sc5e1 x is also introduc+ o!r *anges1 :i* appe> to be made m or less 9 compliance ) receiv$ rules ( composition1#aj r5d]+ ! masses broad]1 ! l9es m cont9u\s1 & ! curves m graceful4 ,b ! curi\s "p ( ! bus9ess is1 t ^! *anges seem n s mu* to be wr\ght by imag9+ an entirely new condition ( any feature1 z by rememb]+ some?+ :i* w fit bett] 9 t place4 ,= in/ance1 ,turn] felt ! bank on ! "r ought to be made m solid & rocky1 9 ord] to sugge/ firm] resi/ance to ! /ream1 & he turns x1 z w be se5 by comp>+ ! et*+s1 into a k9d ( rock buttress1 to ! wall1 in/ead ( a m]e bank4 ,n[1 ! buttress into :i* he turns x is v ne>ly a facsimile ( "o :i* he _h drawn on t v ,/4 ,go?>d road1 f> above1 at ! ,devil's ,bridge1 at lea/ ?irty ye>s be=e1 & :i* he _h himself et*$ & engrav$1 = ! ,lib] ,/udiorum1 al?\gh ! plate 0 nev] publi%$4 ,fig4 #a is a copy ( ! bit ( ! et*+ 9 "q4 ,note h[ ! wall w9ds ov] x1 & obs]ve especially ! peculi> depression 9 ! middle ( its surface1 & comp>e x 9 ^? p>ts g5]ally ) ! features introduc$ 9 ! lat] composition4 ,( c\rse1 ?is might be set d[n z a m]e *ance co9cid5ce1 b = ! frequ5cy ( ! cases 9 :i* ,turn] c be %[n to h done ! same ?+1 & to h introduc$1 aft] a lapse ( _m ye>s1 memories ( some?+ :i*1 h[ev] app>5tly small or unimportant1 _h /ruck him 9 8 e>li] /udies4 ,^! in/ances1 :5 ,i c detect !m1 ,i %all po9t out z ,i g on engrav+ 8 works2 & ,i ?9k !y are num]\s en\gh to induce a d\bt :e!r ,turn]'s composition 0 n univ]sally an arrangem5t ( remembrances1 summon$ j z !y 7 want$1 & set ea* 9 its fitte/ place4 ,x is ?is v "* :i* appe>s to me to m>k x z s di/9ctly an act ( dream-vision2 = 9 a dream !re is j ?is k9d ( confus$ remembrance ( ! =ms ( ?+s :i* we h se5 long ago1 associat$ by new & /range laws4 ,t common dreams are grotesque & disord]ly1 & ,turn]'s dream natural & ord]ly1 does n1 to my ?9k+1 involve any necess>y diff]5ce 9 ! real species ( act ( m9d4 ,i ?9k ,i %all be able to %[1 9 ! c\rse ( ! foll[+ pages1 or else:]e1 t :5ev] ,turn] really tri$ to compose1 & made modifications ( 8 subjects on pr9ciple1 he did wrong1 & spoil$ !m2 & t he only did "r 9 a k9d ( passive ob$i5ce to 8 fir/ vision1 t vision be+ compos$ prim>ily ( ! /rong memory ( ! place itself :i* he _h to draw2 & second>ily1 ( memories ( o!r places 7:e!r recogniz$ z su* by himself or n ,i _c tell71 associat$1 9 a h>moni\s & helpful way1 ) ! new c5tral ?\ght4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #a4 #ag4 ,! k9d ( m5tal *emi/ry by :i* ! dream summons & associates its mat]ials1 ,i h already endeavor$1 n to expla91 = x is utt]ly inexplicable1 b to illu/rate1 by a well-asc]ta9$ ?\gh equally inexplicable fact 9 common *emi/ry4 ,t illu/ration 7 #h4 ( *apt] on ,imag9ative ,association1 ,vol4 ,,ii47 ,i see m & m gr\nd to ?9k correct4 ,h[ f> ,i c\ld %[ t x held ) all great inv5tors1 ,i "k n1 b ) all ^? :om ,i h c>efully /udi$ 7,dante1 ,scott1 ,turn]1 & ,t9toret7 x seems to me to hold absolutely2 _! imag9ation consi/+1 n 9 a volunt>y production ( new images1 b an involunt>y remembrance1 exactly at ! "r mom5t1 ( some?+ !y _h actually se54 ,imag9e all t any ( ^! m5 _h se5 or he>d 9 ! :ole c\rse ( _! lives1 laid up accurately 9 _! memories z 9 va/ /oreh\ses1 ext5d+1 ) ! poets1 ev5 to ! slighte/ intonations ( syllables he>d 9 ! beg9n+ ( _! lives1 &1 ) ! pa9t]s1 d[n to ! m9ute folds ( drap]y1 & %apes ( loaves or /ones2 & ov] all ?is un9dex$ & immeasurable mass ( treasure1 ! imag9ation brood+ & w&]+1 b dream-gift$1 s z to summon at any mom5t exactly su* gr\ps ( ideas z %all ju/ly fit ea* o!r3 ?is ,i conceive to be ! real nature ( ! imag9ative m9d1 & ?is1 ,i believe1 x w\ld be (t5] expla9$ to u z be+1 by ! m5 !mselves :o possess x1 b t !y h no idea :at ! /ate ( o!r p]sons' m9ds is 9 comp>ison2 !y suppose e "o rememb]s all t he has se5 9 ! same way1 & d n und]/& h[ x happ5s t !y alone c produce good draw+s or great ?\ghts4 ,illu/ration3 ,turn]4 ,t4 ,boys4 #bb4 ,turn]'s ,e>lie/ ,nott+ham4 #ah4 ,:e!r ?is be ! case ) all inv5tors or n1 x 0 assur$ly ! case ) ,turn] to su* an ext5t t he seems nev] to h lo/1 or c>$ to di/urb1 ! impression made ^u him by any sc5e1--ev5 9 8 e>lie/ y\?4 ,he nev] seems to h gone back to a place to look at x aga91 b1 z he ga9$ p[]1 to h pa9t$ & repa9t$ x z fir/ se51 associat+ ) x c]ta9 new ?\ghts or new k1 b nev] %ak+ ! c5tral pill> ( ! old image4 ,sev]al in/ances ( ?is h be5 already giv5 9 my pamphlet on ,pre-,raphaelitism2 o!rs w be not$ 9 ! c\rse ( our inve/igation ( 8 works2 "o1 m]ely = ! sake ( illu/ration1 ,i w give "h4 #ai4 ,plate #bb is an outl9e ( a draw+ ( ! t[n & ca/le ( ,nott+ham1 made by ,turn] = ,walk]'s ,it9]ant1 & engrav$ 9 t "w4 ,! engrav+ 7f :i* ?is outl9e 0 made1 z ,i c\ld n discov] ! draw+ itself7 0 publi%$ on ! #bh? ( ,febru>y1 #agie1 a p]iod at :i* ,turn] 0 /ill work+ 9 a v *ildi% way2 & ! :ole design ( ?is plate is curi\sly /iff & commonplace4 ,note1 especially1 ! two =mal little figures "u ! sail4 ,9 ! ye> #ahcc1 an engrav+ ( ,nott+ham1 f a draw+ by ,turn]1 0 publi%$ by ,moon1 ,boys1 & ,graves1 9 ! ,engl& & ,wales s]ies4 ,turn] c]ta9ly made none ( ! draw+s = t s]ies long be=e !y 7 want$2 & if1 !re=e1 we suppose ! draw+ to h be5 made s mu* z ?ree ye>s be=e ! publication ( ! plate1 x w be sett+ ! date ( x z f> back z is 9 ! slighte/ degree probable4 ,we may assume !re=e 7& ! conclusion is suffici5tly e/abli%$1 also1 by ! /yle ( ! execution71 t !re 0 an int]val ( at lea/ ?irty-five ye>s betwe5 ! mak+ ( ^? two draw+s1--?irty-five ye>s1 9 ! c\rse ( :i* ,turn] _h become1 f an unpractis$ & feeble draughtsman1 ! mo/ accompli%$ arti/ ( 8 age1 & _h entirely *ang$ 8 me?ods ( "w & 8 habits ( feel+4 #bj4 ,on ! page opposite to ! et*+ ( ! fir/1 ,i h giv5 an et*+ ( ! la/ ,nott+ham4 ,! "o w be f\nd to be m]ely ! amplification & adornm5t ( ! o!r4 ,e incid5t is pres]v$2 ev5 ! m5 employ$ ab\t ! log ( wood are !re1 only n[ remov$ f> away 7beyond ! lock on ! "r1 betwe5 x & ! t[n71 & s lo/ 9 mi/ t1 ?\gh made out by color 9 ! draw+1 !y _c be made cle> 9 ! outl9e et*+4 ,! canal bridge & ev5 ! /iff ma/ are bo? reta9$2 only ano!r boat is add$1 & ! sail dropp$ ^u ! high] ma/ is hoi/$ on ! l[] "o2 & ! ca/le1 to get rid ( its =mality1 is mov$ a little to ! left1 s z to hide "o side4 ,b1 evid5tly1 no new sket* has be5 made4 ,! pa9t] has return$ affectionately to 8 boyi% impression1 & work$ x out ) 8 manly p[]4 #ba4 ,h[ f> ?is manly p[] itself act$ m]ely 9 ! accumulation ( memories1 rema9s1 z ,i said1 a "q undet]m9$2 b at all ev5ts1 ,turn]'s m9d is n m1 9 my e/imation1 di/+ui%$ above o!rs by its demon/rably arrang+ & rul+ faculties1 ?an by its demon/rably ret5tive & submissive faculties2 & ! long] ,i inve/igate x1 ! m ?is t5d]ness ( p]ception & grasp ( memory seem to me ! root ( its greatness4 ,s t ,i am m & m conv9c$ ( :at ,i _h to /ate respect+ ! imag9ation1 n[ _m ye>s ago1 viz41 t its true =ce lies 9 its m>vell\s insight & =esight--t x is1 in/ead ( a false & deceptive faculty1 exactly ! mo/ accurate & tru?-tell+ faculty :i* ! human m9d possesses2 & all ! m tru?-tell+1 because1 9 its "w1 ! vanity & individualism ( ! man himself are cru%$1 & he becomes a m]e in/rum5t or mirror1 us$ by a high] p[] = ! reflection to o!rs ( a tru? :i* no ef=t ( 8 c\ld ev] h asc]ta9$2 s t all ma!matical1 & ari?metical1 & g5]ally sci5tific tru?1 is1 9 comp>ison1 tru? ( ! husk & surface1 h>d & %all[2 & only ! imag9ative tru? is preci\s4 ,h5ce1 :5ev] we want to "k :at are ! *ief facts ( any case1 x is bett] n to g to political economi/s1 nor to ma!maticians1 b to ! great poets2 = ,i f9d !y always see m ( ! matt] ?an any "o else3 & 9 l mann] ^? :o want to "k ! real facts ( ! _w's outside aspect1 w f9d t !y _c tru/ maps1 nor *>ts1 nor any mann] ( m5suration2 ! mo/ important facts be+ always q immeasurable1 & t 7) only "s occasional & trifl+ inconv5i5ce1 if !y =m too def9ite anticipations z to ! position ( a bridge "h1 or a road !re7 ! ,turn]ian topography is ! only "o to be tru/$4 ,illu/ration3 ,turn]4 ,t4 ,boys4 #bc4 ,turn]'s ,late/ ,nott+ham4 #bb4 ,"o or two important coroll>ies may be drawn f ^! pr9ciples1 respect+ ! k9d ( fidelity :i* is to be exact$ f m5 :o h no imag9ative p[]4 ,x has be5 /at$1 ov] & ov] aga91 t x is n possible to draw ! :ole ( nature1 z 9 a mirror4 ,c]ta9 omissions mu/ be made1 & c]ta9 conv5tionalities admitt$1 9 all art4 ,n[ x ought to be ! in/9ctive affection ( ea* pa9t] :i* guides him to ! omissions he is to make1 or signs he is to use2 & 8 *oice ( ?is or ! o!r fact = repres5tation1 8 insi/5ce ^u ?is or ! o!r "* 9 8 subject1 z t :i* to him is impressive1 con/itutes1 :5 x is e>ne/ & simple1 "p ( ! value ( 8 "w4 ,?is is ! only inspiration he is capable (1 b x is a k9d ( inspiration /ill2 & al?\gh he may n h ! memory or ! associative p[] :i* w\ld enable him to compose a subject 9 ! ,turn]ian mann]1 he may h c]ta9 affections1 p]fectly expressible 9 8 "w1 & ( :i* he ought to all[ ! influ5ce to be se54#aa #bc4 ,& ?is may especially be p]mitt$ 9 rapid sket*+ ( effects or sc5es :i*1 ei!r 9 _! spe$y pass+ away1 or = want ( "t1 x is impossible to draw fai?fully4 ,g5]ally1 if leisure p]mit1 ! detail$ draw+ ( ! object w be gr&] ?an any impression on ! m9d ( an unimag9ative p]son2 b if leisure d n p]mit1 a rapid sket*1 m>k+ =cibly ! po9ts t /rike him1 may (t5 h consid]able int]e/ 9 its way4 ,! o!r day ,i sket*$ ! t[]s ( ! ,swiss ,frib\rg ha/ily f ! ,htel de ,zahr+54 ,x 0 a mi/y morn+ ) brok5 sun%9e1 & ! t[]s 7 se5 by flick]+ light ?r\gh brok5 cl\ds1--d>k blue mi/ fill+ ! holl[ ( ! valley beh9d !m4 ,i h engrav$ ! sket* on ! opposite page1 add+ a few details1 & exagg]at+ ! exagg]ations2 = 9 draw+ f nature1 ev5 at spe$1 ,i am n 9 ! habit ( exagg]at+ en\gh to illu/rate :at ,i mean4 ,! next day1 on a cle> & calm =5oon1 ,i dagu]reotyp$ ! t[]s1 ) ! result giv5 on ! next plate 7#be ,fig4 #b72 & ?is unexagg]at$ /atem5t1 ) its details prop]ly pa9t$1 w\ld n only be ! m "r1 b inf9itely ! gr&] ( ! two4 ,b ! fir/ sket* nev]!less conveys1 9 "s respects1 a tru] idea ( ,frib\rg ?an any o!r1 & has1 !re=e1 a c]ta9 use4 ,= in/ance1 ! wall go+ up beh9d ! ma9 t[] is se5 9 my draw+ to b5d v di/9ctly1 foll[+ ! diff]5t slopes ( ! hill4 ,9 ! dagu]reotype ?is b5d is h>dly p]ceptible4 ,& yet ! notable/ ?+ 9 ! t[n ( ,frib\rg is1 t all its walls h got flexible sp9es1 & creep up & d[n ! precipices m 9 ! mann] ( cats ?an walls2 & !re is a g5]al s5se ( height1 /r5g? & grace1 ab\t its belts ( t[] & ramp>t1 :i* cl+s ev5 to e sep>ate & less graceful piece ( !m :5 se5 on ! spot2 s t ! ha/y sket*1 express+ ?is1 has a c]ta9 v]acity want+ altoge!r 9 ! dagu]reotype4 ,nay1 sometimes1 ev5 9 ! mo/ accurate & f9i%$ topography1 a slight exagg]ation may be p]mitt$2 = _m ( ! mo/ important facts 9 nature are s subtle1 t !y mu/ be slightly exagg]at$1 9 ord] to be made noticeable :5 !y are translat$ into ! comp>atively clumsy l9es ( ev5 ! be/ draw+1#ab & remov$ f ! associat+ circum/ances :i* enhanc$ _! influ5ce1 or direct$ att5tion to !m1 9 nature4 ,illu/ration3 #bd4 ,! ,t[]s ( ,frib\rg4 ,illu/ration3 ,j4 ,rusk9 ,j4 ,h4 ,le ,keux4 #be4 ,?+s 9 g5]al4 #bd4 ,/ill1 9 all ^! cases1 ! m unconsci\s ! draughtsman is ( ! *anges he is mak+1 ! bett]4 ,love w !n d its own prop] "w2 & ! only true te/ ( good or bad is1 ultimately1 /r5g? ( affection4 ,= x does n matt] ) :at wise purposes1 or on :at wise pr9ciples1 ! ?+ is drawn2 if x be n drawn = love ( x1 x w nev] be "r2 & if x be drawn = love ( x1 x w nev] be wrong--love's misrepres5tation be+ tru] ?an ! mo/ ma!matical pres5tation4 ,& al?\gh all ! reason+s ab\t "r & wrong1 ?r\gh :i* we h be5 l$ 9 ?is *apt]1 c\ld nev] be br\ght to be> on ! "w at ! mom5t ( do+ x1 yet ?is te/ ( "r holds always2--if ! arti/ is 9 any wise modify+ or me?odiz+ to exhibit himself & 8 dext]ity1 8 "w w1 9 t precise degree1 be abortive2 & if he is work+ ) he>ty love ( ! place1 e>ne/ desire to be fai?ful to x1 & yet an op5 he>t = e fancy t ,heav5 s5ds him1 9 t precise degree 8 "w w be great & good4 ,,footnotes #h ,obs]ve1 :at 0 said 9 ! second volume respect+ ! _s ( *oice z evil1 ref]s only to "y /ud5ts1 & to t *oice :i* assumes t any common subject is n good en\gh1 nor int]e/+ en\gh1 to be /udi$4 ,b1 ?\gh all is good = /udy1 & all is beautiful1 "s is bett] ?an ! re/ = ! help & pleasure ( o!rs2 & ?is x is our duty always to *oose1 if we h opportunity1 be+ q happy ) :at is )9 our rea*1 if we h n4 #i ,c\loir is a good untranslateable ,savoy>d ^w1 = a place d[n :i* /ones & wat] fall 9 /orms2 x is p]haps des]v+ ( naturalization4 #aj ,i h j said1 #ab1 t if1 quitt+ hold ( ?is orig9al impression1 ! arti/ tries to compose some?+ pretti] ?an he saw1 x is all ov] ) him2 b1 reta9+ ! fir/ impression1 he w1 nev]!less1 if he has inv5tion1 in/9ctively modify _m l9es & p>ts ( x--possibly all p>ts ( x--= ! bett]2 sometimes mak+ !m individually m pictorial1 sometimes prev5t+ !m f int]f]+ ) ea* o!r's beauty4 ,= almo/ all natural l&scapes are r$undant treasures ( m or less confus$ beauty1 out ( :i* ! human in/9ct ( inv5tion c by j *oice arrange1 n a bett] treasure1 b "o m fitt$ to human sight & emotion1 inf9itely n>r[]1 inf9itely less lovely 9 detail1 b hav+ ?is great virtue1 t !re %all be absolutely no?+ :i* does n contribute to ! effect ( ! :ole2 :]eas 9 ! natural l&scape !re is a r$undancy :i* impresses only z r$undance1 & (t5 an occurr5ce ( m>r+ features2 n ( ugl9ess only1 b ( ugl9ess 9 ! wrong place4 ,ugl9ess has its prop] virtue & use2 b ugl9ess occurr+ at ! wrong "t 7z if ! negro s]vant1 in/ead ( /&+ beh9d ! k+1 9 ,t9toret's picture1 7 to ?ru/ 8 head 9 front ( ! noble features ( 8 ma/]7 is ju/ly to be dislik$ & )drawn4 ,:y1 ?is1 exclaims ! ideali/1 is :at ,i h always be5 say+1 & y h always be5 d5y+4 ,no2 ,i nev] d5i$ ?is4 ,b ,i d5i$ t pa9t]s 9 g5]al1 :5 !y spoke ( improv+ ,nature1 knew :at ,nature 04 ,obs]ve3 be=e !y d>e z mu* z to dream ( arrang+ h]1 !y mu/ be able to pa9t h] z %e is2 nor w ! mo/ skilful arrangem5t ev] atone = ! slighte/ wilful failure 9 tru? ( repres5tation2 & ,i am cont9ually declaim+ aga9/ arrangem5t1 n because arrangem5t is wrong1 b because our pres5t pa9t]s h = ! mo/ "p no?+ to arrange4 ,!y _c s mu* z pa9t a we$ or a po/ accurately2 & yet !y pret5d to improve ! =e/s & m\nta9s4 #aa ,= in/ance1 ev5 9 my topographical et*+1 ,plate #bj1 ,i h giv5 only a few l9es ( ! ?\s&s :i* exi/$ 9 ! sc5e4 ,^? l9es are :at ,i consid]$ ! lead+ ones4 ,ano!r p]son might h ?\ght o!r l9es ! lead+ ones1 & 8 repres5tation might be equally true z f> z x w5t2 b :i* ( our repres5tations w5t fur!/ w\ld dep5d on our relative degrees ( k & feel+ ab\t hills4 #ab ,or ! be/ photograph4 ,! "q ( ! exact relation ( value betwe5 photography & good topographical draw+1 ,i hope to exam9e 9 ano!r place4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,( ,,turn]ian ,,light4 #a4 ,hav+ 9 ! prec$+ *apt] se5 ! gr\nds on :i* to expla9 & ju/ify ,turn]'s *oice ( facts1 we proce$ to exam9e f9ally ^? modes ( repres5t+ !m introduc$ by him2--modes s utt]ly at v>iance ) ! receiv$ doctr9es on ! subject ( art1 z to cause 8 works to be reg>d$ ) contempt1 or sev]e blame1 by all reput$ judges1 at ! p]iod ( _! fir/ appe>ance4 ,&1 *iefly1 ,i mu/ confirm & f>!r illu/rate ! g5]al /atem5ts made respect+ light & %ade 9 ! *apt]s on ,tru? ( ,tone1#ac & on ,inf9ity1#ad d$uc$ f ! great fact 7 #e4 *apt] on ,tru? ( ,tone7 t nature surpasses u 9 p[] ( obta9+ light z mu* z ! sun surpasses :ite pap]4 ,i f\nd t ?is "p ( ! book 0 n well und]/ood1 because p 9 g5]al h no idea h[ mu* ! sun does surpass :ite pap]4 ,9 ord] to "k ?is practically1 let ! read] take a piece ( pure :ite draw+-pap]1 & place x 9 ! position 9 :i* a draw+ is usually se54 ,?is is1 prop]ly1 upright 7all draw+s be+ suppos$ to be made on v]tical planes71 z a picture is se5 on a room wall4 ,also1 ! usual place 9 :i* pa9t+s or draw+s are se5 is at "s di/ance f a w9d[1 ) a g5tle side light fall+ ^u !m1 front lights be+ unfavorable to ne>ly all draw+4 ,!re=e ! highe/ light an arti/ c ord9>ily comm& = 8 "w is t ( :ite pa9t1 or pap]1 "u a g5tle side light4#ae ,b if we wi%$ to get z mu* light z possible1 & to place ! arti/ "u ! mo/ favorable circum/ances1 we %\ld take ! draw+ ne> ! w9d[4 ,put !re=e y\r :ite pap] upright1 & take x to ! w9d[4 ,let ac1 cd1 be two sides ( y\r room1 ) a w9d[ at bb4 ,"u ord9>y circum/ances y\r picture w\ld be hung at e1 or 9 "s su* position on ! wall cd4 ,fir/1 !re=e1 put y\r pap] upright at e1 & !n br+ x gradually to ! w9d[1 9 ! successive positions f1 g1 & 7op5+ ! w9d[7 f9ally at p4 ,y w notice t z y come ne>] ! w9d[ ! light gradually increases on ! pap]2 s t 9 ! position at p x is f> bett] light$ ?an x 0 at e4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! sun actually falls ^u x at p1 ! exp]im5t is unfair1 = ! picture is n meant to be se5 9 sun%9e1 & y\r object is to comp>e pure :ite pap]1 z ord9>ily us$1 ) sun%9e4 ,s ei!r take a "t :5 ! sun does n %9e at all1 or does n %9e 9 ! w9d[ :]e ! exp]im5t is to be tri$2 or else keep ! pap] s f> )9 ! w9d[ t ! sun may n t\* x4 ,!n ! exp]im5t is p]fectly fair1 & y w f9d t y h ! pap] at p 9 full1 s]5e1 pictorial light1 ( ! be/ k9d1 & highe/ atta9able p[]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #b4 #b4 ,n[1 lean+ a little ov] ! w9d[ sill1 br+ ! edge ( ! pap] at p aga9/ ! sky1 r l[ d[n on ! horizon 7,i suppose y *oose a f9e day = ! exp]im5t1 t ! sun is high1 & ! sky cle> blue1 d[n to ! horizon74 ,! mom5t y br+ y\r :ite pap] aga9/ ! sky y w be />tl$ to f9d ?is bright :ite pap] sudd5ly appe> 9 %ade4 ,y w draw x back1 ?9k+ y h *ang$ its position4 ,b no2 ! pap] is n 9 %ade4 ,x is z bright z ev] x 02 bright] ?an "u ord9>y circum/ances x ev] c be4 ,b1 behold1 ! blue sky ( ! horizon is f> bright]4 ,! "o is inde$ blue1 & ! o!r :ite1 b ! :ite is d>ke/1#af & by a great deal4 ,& y w1 ?\gh p]haps n = ! fir/ "t 9 y\r life1 p]ceive t ?\gh black is n easily prov$ to be :ite1 :ite1 may1 "u c]ta9 circum/ances1 be v ne>ly prov$ black1 or at all ev5ts br[n4 #c4 ,:5 ?is fact is fir/ %[ to !m1 ! g5]al feel+ ) mo/ p is1 t1 by be+ br\ght aga9/ ! sky1 ! :ite pap] is someh[ or o!r br\ght into %ade4 ,b ?is is n s2 ! pap] rema9s exactly z x 02 x is only comp>$ ) an actually bright] hue1 & looks d>k] by comp>ison4 ,! circum/ances are precisely l ^? :i* affect our s5sations ( heat & cold4 ,if1 :5 by *ance we h "o h& w>m1 & ano!r cold1 we feel1 ) ea* h&1 wat] w>m$ to an int]m$iate degree1 we %all fir/ decl>e ! wat] to be cold1 & !n to be w>m2 b ! wat] has a def9ite heat :olly indep5d5t ( our s5sations1 & accurately asc]ta9able by a !rmomet]4 ,s x is ) light & %ade4 ,look+ f ! bright sky to ! :ite pap]1 we affirm ! :ite pap] to be 9 %ade1--t is1 x produces on u a s5sation ( d>kness1 by comp>ison4 ,b ! hue ( ! pap]1 & t ( ! sky1 are j z fix$ z temp]atures are2 & ! sky is actually a bright] ?+ ?an :ite pap]1 by a c]ta9 numb] ( degrees ( light1 sci5tifically det]m9able4 ,9 ! same way1 e o!r color1 or =ce ( color1 is a fix$ ?+1 n dep5d5t on s5sation1 b num]ically repres5table ) z mu* exactitude z a degree ( heat by a !rmomet]4 ,& ( ^! hues1 t ( op5 sky is "o n producible by human art4 ,! sky is n blue color m]ely1--x is blue fire1 & _c be pa9t$4 #d4 ,next1 obs]ve1 ?is blue fire has 9 x :ite fire2 t is1 x has :ite cl\ds1 z mu* bright] ?an itself z x is bright] ?an ! :ite pap]4 ,s1 !n1 above ?is azure light1 we h ano!r equally exalt$ /ep ( :ite light4 ,suppos+ ! value ( ! light ( ! pure :ite pap] repres5t$ by ! numb] #aj1 !n t ( ! blue sky w be 7approximately7 ab\t #bj1 & ( ! :ite cl\ds #cj4 ,b look at ! :ite cl\ds c>efully1 & x w be se5 !y are n all ( ! same :ite2 p>ts ( !m are q grey comp>$ ) o!r p>ts1 & !y are z full ( passages ( light & %ade z if !y 7 ( solid e>?4 ,nev]!less1 _! mo/ deeply %ad$ "p is t already s mu* light] ?an ! blue sky1 :i* has br\ght u up to our numb] #cj1 & all ^! high lights ( :ite are "s #aj degrees above t1 or1 to :ite pap]1 z #dj to #aj4 ,& n[ if y look f ! blue sky & :ite cl\ds t[>ds ! sun1 y w f9d t ?is cl\d :ite1 :i* is f\r times z :ite z :ite pap]1 is q d>k & lightless comp>$ ) ^? silv] cl\ds t burn ne>] ! sun itself1 :i* y _c gaze ^u1--an inf9ite ( brightness4 ,h[ w y e/imate t8 ,& yet to express all ?is1 we h b our poor :ite pap] aft] all4 ,we mu/ n talk too pr\dly ( our tru?s ( art2 ,i am afraid we %all h to let a good deal ( black fallacy into x1 at ! be/4 #e4 ,well1 ( ! sun1 & ( ! silv] cl\ds1 we w n talk = ! pres5t4 ,b ?is pr9cipal fact we h le>n$ by our exp]im5t ) ! :ite pap]1 t1 tak5 all 9 all1 ! calm sky1 ) su* light & %ade z are 9 x1 is bright] ?an ! e>?2 bright] ?an ! :ite/ ?+ on e>? :i* has n1 at ! mom5t ( comp>ison1 heav5's own direct light on x4 ,:i* fact x is g5]ally "o ( ! fir/ objects ( noble pa9t]s to r5d]4 ,i h already m>k$ "o "p ( _! aim 9 do+ s1 namely1 ! expression ( inf9ity2 b ! oppos+ ( heav5ly light to e>?-d>kness is ano!r mo/ important "o2 & ( all ways ( r5d]+ a picture g5]ally impressive 7see especially #ab4 ( ! *apt] j ref]r$ to71 ?is is ! simple/ & sure/4 ,make ! sky calm & lum9\s1 & raise aga9/ x d>k trees1 m\nta9s1 or t[]s1 or any o!r sub/antial & t]re/rial ?+1 9 bold outl9e1 & ! m9d accepts ! ass]tion ( ?is great & solemn tru? ) ?ankfulness4 #f4 ,b ?is may be done ei!r nobly or basely1 z any o!r solemn tru? may be ass]t$4 ,x may be spok5 ) true feel+ ( all t x means2 or x may be decl>$1 z a ,turk decl>es t ,god is great1 :5 he means only t he himself is lazy4 ,! heav5 is bright1 ( _m vulg> pa9t]s1 has precisely ! same am\nt ( signification2 x means t !y "k no?+--w d no?+--are )\t ?\ght--)\t c>e--)\t passion4 ,!y w n walk ! e>?1 nor wat* ! ways ( x1 nor ga!r ! fl[]s ( x4 ,!y w sit 9 ! %ade1 & only ass]t t v p]ceptible1 long-asc]ta9$ fact1 heav5 is bright4 ,& z x may be ass]t$ basely1 s x may be accept$ basely4 ,_m ( our capacities = receiv+ noble/ emotion are abus$1 9 m]e idl5ess1 = pleasure's sake1 & p take ! excitem5t ( a solemn s5sation z !y d t ( a /rong dr9k4 ,?us ! ab&on$ c\rt ( ,l\is ,,xiv4 _h on fa/ days its sacr$ conc]ts1 d\btless ent]+ 9 "s degree into ! religi\s expression ( ! music1 & ?us idle & frivol\s wom5 at ! pres5t day w weep at an oratorio4 ,s ! sublime/ effects ( l&scape may be s\ght ?r\gh m]e indol5ce2 & ev5 ^? :o are n ignorant1 or dull1 judge (t5 errone\sly ( su* effects ( art1 because _! v op5ness to all pleasant & sacr$ association in/antly colors :atev] !y see1 s t1 give !m b ! feeble/ %ad[ ( a ?+ !y love1 !y are in/antly t\*$ by x to ! he>t1 & mi/ake _! own pleasurable feel+ = ! result ( ! pa9t]'s p[]4 ,?us :51 by spott+ & spla%+1 su* a pa9t] z ,con/able rem9ds !m some:at ( wet grass & gre5 leaves1 =?) !y fancy !mselves 9 all ! happ9ess ( a mead[ walk2 & :5 ,gasp> ,p\ss9 ?r[s out 8 yell[ horizon ) black hills1 =?) !y are t\*$ z by ! solemnity ( a real ,italian twilight1 altoge!r =gett+ t wet grass & twilight d n con/itute ! univ]se2 & prev5t$ by _! joy at be+ pleasantly cool1 or gravely w>m1 f seek+ any ( ^? m preci\s tru?s :i* _c be caught by mom5t>y s5sation1 b mu/ be ?\ghtfully pursu$4 #g4 ,i say m preci\s1 = ! simple fact t ! sky is bright] ?an ! e>? is n a preci\s tru? unless ! e>? itself be fir/ und]/ood4 ,despise ! e>?1 or sl&] x2 fix y\r eyes on its gloom1 & =get its lovel9ess2 & we d n ?ank y = y\r languid or despair+ p]ception ( brightness 9 heav54 ,b rise up actively on ! e>?1--le>n :at !re is 9 x1 "k its color & =m1 & ! full measure & make ( x1 & if aft] t y c say heav5 is bright1 x w be a preci\s tru?1 b n till !n4 ,giovanni ,bell9i kn[s ! e>? well1 pa9ts x to ! full1 & to ! smalle/ fig-leaf & fall+ fl[]1--blue hill & :ite-wall$ city1--glitt]+ robe & gold5 hair2 to ea* he w give its lu/re & lovel9ess2 & !n1 s f> z ) 8 poor human lips he may decl>e x1 f> beyond all ^!1 he proclaims t heav5 is bright4 ,b ,gasp>1 & su* o!r l&scapi/s1 pa9t+ all ,nature's fl[]y gr\nd z "o b>r5ness1 & all h] fair foliage z "o blackness1 & all h] exquisite =ms z "o bluntness2 :51 9 ?is slugg>d gloom & sull5 trea*]y ( he>t1 !y mutt] _! mis]able atte/ation to :at o!rs _h long ago disc]n$ = !m1--! sky's brightness1--we d n ?ank !m2 or ?ank !m only 9 s f> z1 ev5 9 utt]+ ?is la/ remnant ( tru?1 !y are m comm5dable ?an ^? :o h sunk f apa?y to a!ism1 & decl>e1 9 _! d>k & hopeless backgr\nds1 t heav5 is ,,n bright4 #h4 ,let u next asc]ta9 :at are ! colors ( ! e>? itself4 ,a m\nta9 five or six miles (f1 9 a sunny summ] morn+ 9 ,switz]l&1 w commonly pres5t itself 9 "s su* pit* ( d>k =ce1 z relat$ to ! sky1 z t %[n 9 ,fig4 #d4 ,plate #be1 :ile ! sky itself w /ill1 if !re are :ite cl\ds 9 x1 tell z a cle> d>k1 ?r[+ out ^? :ite cl\ds 9 vigor\s relief ( light2 yet1 conduct ! exp]im5t ( ! :ite pap] z already describ$1 & y w1 9 all probability1 f9d t ! d>ke/ "p ( ! m\nta9--its mo/ vigor\s nook ( almo/ black-look+ %ad[--is :it] ?an ! pap]4 ,! figure giv5 repres5ts ! app>5t color#ag ( ! top ( ! ,aiguille ,b\*>d 7! m\nta9 :i* is se5 f ! village ( ,*am\ni1 on ! o!r side ( ! ,glaci] des ,bois71 di/ant1 by ,=bes's map1 a furlong or two less ?an f\r miles 9 a direct l9e f ! po9t ( obs]vation4 ,! obs]vation 0 made on a w>m sunny morn+1 ab\t elev5 o'clock1 ! sky cle> blue2 ! m\nta9 se5 aga9/ x1 its %ad[s grey purple1 & its sunlit p>ts gre5i%4 ,!n ! d>ke/ "p ( ! m\nta9 0 light] ?an pure :ite pap]1 held upright 9 full light at ! w9d[1 p>allel to ! direction 9 :i* ! light ent]$4 ,& x w ?us g5]ally be f\nd impossible to repres5t1 9 any ( its true colors1 sc5]y di/ant m ?an two or ?ree miles1 9 full daylight4 ,! deepe/ %ad[s are :it] ?an :ite pap]4 #i4 ,z1 h[ev]1 we pass to ne>] objects1 true repres5tation gradually becomes possible2--to :at degree is always ( c\rse asc]ta9able accurately by ! same mode ( exp]im5t4 ,br+ ! edge ( ! pap] aga9/ ! ?+ to be drawn1 & on t edge--z precisely z a lady w\ld mat* ! colors ( two pieces ( a dress--mat* ! color ( ! l&scape 7) a little opaque :ite mix$ 9 ! t9ts y use1 s z to r5d] x easy to light5 or d>k5 !m74 ,take c>e n to imitate ! t9t z y believe x to be1 b accurately z x is2 s t ! color$ edge ( ! pap] %all n be disc]nible f ! color ( ! l&scape4 ,y w !n f9d 7if be=e inexp]i5c$7 t %ad[s ( trees1 :i* y ?\ght 7 d>k gre5 or black1 are pale violets & purples2 t lights1 :i* y ?\ght 7 gre51 are int5sely yell[1 br[n1 or gold51 & mo/ ( !m f> too bright to be mat*$ at all4 ,:5 y h got all ! imitable hues truly mat*$1 sket* ! masses ( ! l&scape out completely 9 ^? true & asc]ta9$ colors2 & y w f9d1 to y\r amazem5t1 t y h pa9t$ x 9 ! colors ( ,turn]1--9 ^? v colors :i* p]haps y h be5 laugh+ at all y\r life1--! fact be+ t he1 & he alone1 ( all m51 ev] pa9t$ ,nature 9 h] own colors4 #aj4 ,well1 b1 y w answ]1 impati5tly1 h[ is x1 if !y are ! true colors1 t !y look s unnatural8 ,because !y are n %[n 9 true contra/ to ! sky1 & to o!r high lights4 ,nature pa9ts h] %ad[s 9 pale purple1 & !n raises h] lights ( heav5 & sun%9e to su* height t ! pale purple becomes1 by comp>ison1 a vigor\s d>k4 ,b poor ,turn] has no sun at 8 comm& to oppose 8 pale colors4 ,he foll[s ,nature submissively z f> z he c2 puts pale purple :]e %e does1 bright gold :]e %e does2 & !n :51 on ! summit ( ! slope ( light1 %e op5s h] w+s & quits ! e>? altoge!r1 burn+ into ineffable sun%9e1 :at c he d b sit helpless1 /ret*+ 8 h&s t[>ds h] 9 calm cons5t1 z %e leaves him & mocks at him6 #aa4 ,well1 b y w f>!r ask1 is ?is "r or wise8 ought n ! contra/ betwe5 ! masses be giv51 r ?an ! actual hues ( a few p>ts ( !m1 :5 ! o!rs are inimitable8 ,yes1 if ?is 7 possible1 x ought to be done2 b ! true contra/s c ,,nev] be giv54 ,! :ole "q is simply :e!r y w be false at "o side ( ! scale or at ! o!r1--t is1 :e!r y w lose y\rself 9 light or 9 d>kness4 ,?is necessity is easily expressible 9 numb]s4 ,suppose ! utmo/ light y wi% to imitate is t ( s]5e1 feebly light$1 cl\ds 9 ord9>y sky 7n sun or />s1 :i* x is1 ( c\rse1 impossible deceptively to imitate 9 pa9t+ by any artifice74 ,!n1 suppose ! degrees ( %ad[ betwe5 ^? cl\ds & ,nature's utmo/ d>kness accurately measur$1 & divid$ into a hundr$ degrees 7d>kness be+ z]o74 ,next we measure our own scale1 call+ our utmo/ possible black1 z]o2#ah & we %all be able to keep p>allel ) ,nature1 p]haps up to z f> z h] #dj degrees2 all above t be+ :it] ?an our :ite pap]4 ,well1 ) our p[] ( contra/ betwe5 z]o & #dj1 we h to imitate h] contra/s betwe5 z]o & #ajj4 ,n[1 if we want true contra/s1 we c fir/ set our #dj to repres5t h] #ajj1 our #bj = h] #hj1 & our z]o = h] #fj2 ev]y?+ bel[ h] #fj be+ lo/ 9 blackness4 ,?is is1 ) c]ta9 modifications1 ,rembr&t's sy/em4 ,or1 secondly1 we c put z]o = h] z]o1 #bj = h] #bj1 & #dj = h] #dj2 ev]y?+ above #dj be+ lo/ 9 :iteness4 ,?is is1 ) c]ta9 modifications1 ,paul ,v]onese's sy/em4 ,or1 f9ally1 we c put our z]o = h] z]o1 & our #dj = h] #ajj2 our #bj = h] #ej1 our #cj = h] #ge1 & our t5 = h] #be1 proportion+ ! int]m$iate contra/s accord+ly4 ,?is is1 ) c]ta9 modifications1 ,turn]'s sy/em2#ai ! modifications1 9 ea* case1 be+ ! adoption1 to a c]ta9 ext5t1 ( ei!r ( ! o!r sy/ems4 ,?us1 ,turn] incl9es to ,paul ,v]onese2 lik+1 z f> z possible1 to get 8 hues p]fectly true up to a c]ta9 po9t1--t is to say1 to let 8 z]o /& = ,nature's z]o1 & 8 #aj = h] #aj1 & 8 #bj = h] #bj1 & !n to exp& t[>ds ! light by quick b cunn+ /eps1 putt+ #bg = #ej1 #cj = #gj1 & res]v+ "s =ce /ill = ! la/ #ij to #ajj4 ,s ,rembr&t modifies 8 sy/em on ! o!r side1 putt+ 8 #dj = #ajj1 8 #cj = #ij1 8 #bj = #hj2 !n go+ subtly d[nw>ds1 #aj = #ej1 #e = #cj2 ne>ly ev]y?+ betwe5 #cj & z]o be+ lo/ 9 gloom1 yet s z /ill to res]ve 8 z]o = z]o4 ,! sy/ems express$ 9 tabul> =m w /& ?us3-- ,,nature4 ,,rembr&t4 ,,turn]4 ,,v]onese4 #j #j #j #j #aj #a #aj #aj #bj #c #bj #bj #cj #e #bd #cj #dj #g #bf #cb #ej #aj #bg #cd #fj #ac #bh #cf #gj #ag #cj #cg #hj #bj #cb #ch #ij #cj #cf #ci #ajj #dj #dj #dj #ab4 ,n[ x is evid5t t 9 ,rembr&t's sy/em1 :ile ! contra/s are n m "r ?an ) ,v]onese1 ! colors are all wrong1 f beg9n+ to end4 ,) ,turn] & ,v]onese1 ,nature's #aj is _! #aj1 & ,nature's #bj _! #bj2 enabl+ !m to give pure tru? up to a c]ta9 po9t4 ,b ) ,rembr&t n "o color is absolutely true1 f "o side ( ! scale to ! o!r2 only ! contra/s are true at ! top ( ! scale4 ,( c\rse1 ?is supposes ,rembr&t's sy/em appli$ to a subject :i* %all try x to ! utmo/1 su* z l&scape4 ,rembr&t g5]ally *ose subjects 9 :i* ! real colors 7 v ne>ly imitable1--z s+le heads ) d>k backgr\nds1 9 :i* ,nature's highe/ light 0 little above 8 own2 h] #dj be+ !n truly repres5table by 8 #dj1 8 picture became ne>ly an absolute tru?4 ,b 8 sy/em is only "r :5 appli$ to su* subjects3 cle>ly1 :5 we h ! full scale ( natural light to deal )1 ,turn]'s & ,v]onese's convey ! greate/ sum ( tru?4 ,b n ! mo/ complete deception1 = p are s mu* m easily & in/9ctively impress$ by =ce ( light ?an tru? ( color1 t !y in/antly miss ! relative p[] ( ! sky1 & ! upp] tones2 & all ! true local color+ looks /range to !m1 sep>at$ f its adjuncts ( high light2 :]eas1 give !m ! true contra/ ( light1 & !y w n obs]ve ! false local color4 ,?us all ,gasp> ,p\ss9's & ,salvator's pictures1 & all effects obta9$ by leav+ high lights 9 ! mid/ ( exagg]at$ d>kness1 cat* ! eye1 & are receiv$ = true1 :ile ! pure tru? ( ,v]onese & ,turn] is reject$ z unnatural2 only n s mu* 9 ,v]onese's case z 9 ,turn]'s1 because ,v]onese conf9es himself to m imitable ?+s1 z drap]ies1 figures1 & ar*itecture1 9 :i* 8 exquisite tru? at ! bottom ( ! scale tells on ! eye at once2 b ,turn] works a good deal also 7see ! table7 at ! top ( ! natural scale1 deal+ ) effects ( sunlight & o!r phases ( ! upp] colors1 m or less inimitable1 & betray+ !re=e1 m or less1 ! artifices us$ to express !m4 ,x w be obs]v$1 also1 t 9 ord] to res]ve "s =ce = ! top ( 8 scale1 ,turn] is oblig$ to miss 8 gradations *iefly 9 middle t9ts 7see ! table71 :]e ! feebl5ess is sure to be felt4 ,8 pr9cipal po9t = miss+ ! midmo/ gradations is almo/ always betwe5 ! e>? & sky2 he draws ! e>? truly z f> z he c1 to ! horizon2 !n ! sky z f> z he c1 ) 8 #cj to #dj "p ( ! scale4 ,!y run toge!r at ! horizon2 & ! spectator compla9s t !re is no di/9ction betwe5 e>? & sky1 or t ! e>? does n look solid en\gh4 #ac4 ,9 ! upp] portions ( ! ?ree pill>s #e1 #f1 #g1 ,plate #be1 are typically repres5t$ ^! ?ree conditions ( light & %ade1 *>act]i/ic1 #e1 ( ,rembr&t1 #f1 ( ,turn]1 & #g1 ( ,v]onese4 ,! pill> to be drawn is suppos$1 9 all ! ?ree cases1 :ite2 ,rembr&t repres5ts x z :ite on its highe/ light2 &1 gett+ ! true gradations betwe5 ?is highe/ light & extreme d>k1 is r$uc$ to 8 z]o1 or black1 = ! d>k side ( ! :ite object4 ,?is fir/ pill> also repres5ts ! sy/em ( ,leon>do da ,v9ci4 ,9 ! room ( ! ,l\vre appropriat$ to ,italian draw+s is a /udy ( a piece ( drap]y by ,leon>do4 ,its lights are t\*$ ) ! f9e/ :ite *alk1 & its %ad[s wr\ght1 ?r\gh exquisite gradations1 to utt] blackness4 ,! pill> #f is drawn on ! sy/em ( ,turn]2 ! high po9t ( light is /ill di/9ct3 b ev5 ! d>ke/ "p ( ! %aft is kept pale1 & ! gradations :i* give ! r\ndness are wr\ght out ) ! utmo/ possible delicacy4 ,! ?ird %aft is drawn on ,v]onese's sy/em4 ,! light1 ?\gh /ill focus$1 is m diffus$ ?an ) ,turn]2 & a slight flatness results f ! det]m9ation t ! fact ( ! %aft's be+ :ite %all be disc]n$ m cle>ly ev5 ?an t x is r\nd2 & t its d>ke/ "p %all /ill be capable ( brilliant relief1 z a :ite mass1 f o!r objects r\nd x4 #ad4 ,?is resolution1 on ,v]onese's "p1 is ow+ to ! pr(\nd respect = ! colors ( objects :i* necess>ily influ5c$ him1 z ! colori/ at once ! mo/ brilliant & ! mo/ t5d] ( all pa9t]s ( ! eld] s*ools2 & x is necess>y = u briefly to note ! way 9 :i* ?is great] or less respect = local color influ5ces ! sy/em ( ! ?ree pa9t]s 9 light & %ade4 ,take ! :ite/ piece ( note-pap] y c f9d1 put a blot ( ink ^u x1 c>ry x into ! sun%9e1 & hold x fully front+ ! sun%9e1 s z to make ! pap] look z dazzl+ z possible1 b n to let ! wet blot ( ink %9e4 ,y w !n f9d ! ink look int5sely black1--black]1 9 fact1 ?an any :]e else1 ow+ to its vigor\s contra/ ) ! dazzl+ pap]4 ,remove ! pap] f ! sun%9e4 ,! ink w n look s black4 ,c>ry ! pap] gradually into ! d>ke/ "p ( ! room1 & ! contra/ w z gradually appe> to dim9i%2 &1 ( c\rse1 9 d>kness1 ! di/9ction betwe5 ! black & ! :ite vani%es4 ,wet ink is z p]fect a repres5tative z is by any means atta9able ( a p]fectly d>k color2 t is1 ( "o :i* absorbs all ! light t falls on x2 & ! nature ( su* a color is be/ und]/ood by consid]+ x z a piece ( portable night4 ,n[1 ( c\rse1 ! high] y raise ! daylight ab\t ?is bit ( night1 ! m vigor\s is ! contra/ betwe5 ! two4 ,&1 !re=e1 z a g5]al rule1 ! high] y raise ! light on any object ) a patt]n or /a9 ^u x1 ! m di/9ctly t patt]n or /a9 is se54 ,b obs]ve3 ! di/9ction betwe5 ! full black ( ink1 & full :ite ( pap]1 is ! utmo/ rea* ( light & d>k possible to art4 ,!re=e1 if ?is contra/ is to be repres5t$ truly1 no deep] black c ev] be giv5 9 any %ad[ ?an t (f]$ at once2 z local color1 9 a full black patt]n1 on ! highe/ light4 ,&1 :]e color is ! pr9cipal object ( ! picture1 t color mu/1 at all ev5ts1 be z "r z possible :]e x is be/ se51 i4e4 9 ! lights4 ,h5ce ! pr9ciple ( ,paul ,v]onese1 & ( all ! great ,v5etian colori/s1 is to use full black = full black 9 high light1 lett+ ! %ad[ %ift = itself z be/ x may2 & sometimes ev5 putt+ ! local black a little d>k] 9 light ?an %ad[1 9 ord] to give ! m vigor\s contra/ not$ above4 ,let ! pill>s 9 ,plate #be be suppos$ to h a black mosaic patt]n on ! l[] "p ( _! %afts4 ,paul ,v]onese's g5]al practice w be1 z at #g1 hav+ m>k$ ! r\nd+ ( ! %aft z well z he c 9 ! :ite p>ts1 to pa9t ! patt]n ) "o ev5 black ov] all1 re9=c+ x1 if at all1 a little 9 ! light4 #ae4 ,repeat ! exp]im5t on ! note-pap] ) a r$ spot ( c>m9e in/ead ( ink4 ,y w n[ f9d t ! contra/ 9 ! sun%9e appe>s ab\t ! same z 9 ! %ade--! r$ & :ite ris+ & fall+ toge!r1 & dy+ away toge!r into ! d>kness4 ,! fact1 h[ev]1 is1 t ! contra/ does actually = "s "t increase t[>ds ! light2 = 9 utt] d>kness ! di/9ction is n visible--! r$ _c be di/+ui%$ f ! :ite2 admit a little light1 & ! contra/ is feebly disc]nible2 admit m1 x is di/9ctly disc]nible4 ,b y _c increase ! contra/ beyond a c]ta9 po9t4 ,f t po9t ! r$ & :ite = "s "t rise v ne>ly equally 9 light1 or fall toge!r v ne>ly equally 9 %ade2 b ! contra/ w beg9 to dim9i% 9 v high lights1 = /rong sunlight has a t5d5cy to exhibit p>ticles ( du/1 or any sp>kl+ texture 9 ! local color1 & !n to dim9i% its p[]2 s t 9 ord] to see local color well1 a c]ta9 degree ( %ad[ is necess>y3 = in/ance1 a v delicate complexion is n well se5 9 ! sun2 & ! ve9s ( a m>ble pill>1 or ! colors ( a picture1 c only be prop]ly se5 9 comp>ative %ade4 #af4 ,i w n entangle ! read] 9 ! v subtle & curi\s v>iations ( ! laws 9 ?is matt]4 ,! simple fact :i* is necess>y = him to obs]ve is1 t ! pal] & pur] ! color1 ! m ! great ,v5etian colori/s w re9=ce x 9 ! %ad[1 & all[ x to fall or rise 9 sympa?y ) ! light2 & ^? especially ^: object x is to repres5t sun%9e1 ne>ly always re9=ce _! local colors some:at 9 ! %ad[s1 & keep !m bo? fa9t] & feebl] 9 ! light1 s t !y ?us approa* a condition ( univ]sal gl[1 ! full color be+ us$ = ! %ad[1 & a delicate & some:at subdu$ hue ( x = ! light4 ,& ?is to ! eye is ! lovelie/ possible condition ( color4 ,p]haps few p h ev] ask$ !mselves :y !y admire a rose s mu* m ?an all o!r fl[]s4 ,if !y consid]1 !y w f9d1 fir/1 t r$ is1 9 a delicately gradat$ /ate1 ! lovelie/ ( all pure colors2 & secondly1 t 9 ! rose !re is no %ad[1 except :at is compos$ ( color4 ,all its %ad[s are full] 9 color ?an its lights1 ow+ to ! transluc5cy & reflective p[] ( its leaves4 ,! second %aft1 #f1 9 :i* ! local color is pal] t[>ds ! light1 & re9=c$ 9 ! %ad[1 w !re=e repres5t ! ,v5etian sy/em ) respect to pal] colors1 & ! sy/em1 = ! mo/ "p1 ev5 ) respect to d>k] colors1 ( pa9t]s :o attempt to r5d] effects ( /rong sunlight4 ,g5]ally1 !re=e1 x repres5ts ! practice ( ,turn]4 ,! fir/ %aft1 #e1 exhibits ! disadvantage ( ! practice ( ,rembr&t & ,leon>do1 9 t !y _c %[ ! local color on ! d>k side1 s9ce1 h[ev] en]getic1 x mu/ at la/ s9k into _! exagg]at$ d>kness4 #ag4 ,n[1 f all ! prec$+ inquiry1 ! read] mu/ p]ceive m & m di/9ctly ! great tru?1 t all =ms ( "r art consi/ 9 a c]ta9 *oice made betwe5 v>i\s classes ( tru?s1 a few only be+ repres5t$1 & o!rs necess>ily exclud$2 & t ! excell5ce ( ea* /yle dep5ds fir/ on its consi/5cy ) itself1--! p]fect fidelity1 z f> z possible1 to ! tru?s x has *os52 & secondly1 on ! bread? ( its h>mony1 or numb] ( tru?s x has be5 able to reconcile1 & ! consci\sness ) :i* ! tru?s refus$ are ackn[l$g$1 ev5 ?\gh !y may n be repres5t$4 ,a great arti/ is j l a wise & hospitable man ) a small h\se3 ! l>ge companies ( tru?s1 l gue/s1 are wait+ 8 invitation2 he wisely *ooses f among ?is cr[d ! gue/s :o w be happie/ ) ea* o!r1 mak+ ^? :om he receives ?or\ghly com=table1 & k9dly rememb]+ ev5 ^? :om he excludes2 :ile ! fooli% ho/1 try+ to receive all1 leaves a l>ge "p ( 8 company on ! /aircase1 )\t ev5 kn[+ :o is !re1 & de/roys1 by inconsi/5t fell[%ip1 ! pleasure ( ^? :o ga9 entrance4 #ah4 ,b ev5 ^? ho/s :o *oose well w be f>!r di/+ui%$ f ea* o!r by _! *oice ( nobl] or inf]ior companies2 & we f9d ! greate/ arti/s ma9ly divid$ into two gr\ps1--^? :o pa9t pr9cipally ) respect to local color1 head$ by ,paul ,v]onese1 ,titian1 & ,turn]2 & ^? :o pa9t pr9cipally ) ref]5ce to light & %ade irrespective ( color1 head$ by ,leon>do da ,v9ci1 ,rembr&t1 & ,raphael4 ,! noble/ memb]s ( ea* ( ^! classes introduce ! elem5t prop] to ! o!r class1 9 a subord9ate way4 ,paul ,v]onese introduces a subord9ate light & %ade1 & ,leon>do introduces a subord9ate local color4 ,! ma9 diff]5ce is1 t ) ,leon>do1 ,rembr&t1 & ,raphael1 va/ masses ( ! picture are lo/ 9 comp>atively colorless 7d>k1 grey1 or br[n7 %ad[2 ^! pa9t]s beg9n+ ) ! lights1 & go+ d[n to blackness2 b ) ,v]onese1 ,titian1 & ,turn]1 ! :ole picture is l ! rose1--gl[+ ) color 9 ! %ad[s1 & ris+ into pal] & m delicate hues1 or masses ( :it5ess1 9 ! lights2 !y hav+ begun ) ! %ad[s1 & gone up to :it5ess4 #ai4 ,! colori/s h 9 ?is respect "o disadvantage1 & ?ree advantages4 ,! disadvantage is1 t betwe5 _! less viol5t hues1 x is n possible to draw all ! =ms :i* c be repres5t$ by ! exagg]at$ %ad[ ( ! *i>oscuri/s1 & !re=e a slight t5d5cy to flatness is always *>act]i/ic ( ! great] colori/s1 z oppos$ to ,leon>do or ,rembr&t4 ,:5 ! =m ( "s s+le object is to be giv51 & its subtleties are to be r5d]$ to ! utmo/1 ! ,leon>desque mann] ( draw+ is (t5 v noble4 ,x is g5]ally adopt$ by ,alb]t ,dur] 9 8 engrav+s1 & is v useful1 :5 employ$ by a ?or\gh ma/]1 9 _m k9ds ( engrav+2#bj b x is an utt]ly false me?od ( /udy1 z we %all see pres5tly4 #bj4 ,( ! ?ree advantages possess$ by ! colori/s ov] ! *i>oscuri/s1 ! fir/ is1 t !y h 9 ! great] portions ( _! pictures absolute tru?1 z %[n above1 #ab1 :ile ! *i>oscuri/s h no absolute tru? any:]e4 ,) ! colori/s ! %ad[s are "r2 ! lights untrue3 b ) ! *i>oscuri/s lights & %ad[s are bo? untrue4 ,! second advantage is1 t also ! relations ( color are broad] & va/] ) ! colori/s ?an ! *i>oscuri/s4 ,take1 = example1 t piece ( drap]y /udi$ by ,leon>do1 9 ! ,l\vre1 ) :ite lights & black %ad[s4 ,ask y\rself1 fir/1 :e!r ! real drap]y 0 black or :ite4 ,if :ite1 !n its high lights are rightly :ite2 b its folds be+ black1 x c\ld n z a mass be di/+ui%$ f ! black or d>k objects 9 its neighborhood4 ,b ! fact is1 t a :ite clo? or h&k]*ief always is di/+ui%$ 9 daylight1 z a :ole :ite ?+1 f all t is color$ ab\t x3 we see at once t !re is a :ite piece ( /uff1 & a r$1 or gre51 or grey "o ne> x1 z ! case may be3 & ?is relation ( ! :ite object to o!r objects n :ite1 ,leon>do has :olly depriv$ himself ( ! p[] ( express+2 :ile1 if ! clo? 7 black or d>k1 mu* m has he err$ by mak+ its lights :ite4 ,9 ei!r case1 he has miss$ ! l>ge relation ( mass to mass1 = ! sake ( ! small "o ( fold to fold4 ,& ?is is m or less ! case ) all *i>oscuri/s2 ) all pa9t]s1 t is to say1 :o endeavor 9 _! /udies ( objects to get rid ( ! idea ( color1 & give ! ab/ract %ade4 ,!y inv>iably exagg]ate ! %ad[s1 n ) respect to ! ?+ itself1 b ) respect to all ar\nd x2 & !y exagg]ate ! lights also1 by leav+ pure :ite = ! high light ( :at 9 reality is grey1 rose-color$1 or1 9 "s way1 n :ite4 #ba4 ,?is me?od ( /udy1 be+ peculi>ly *>act]i/ic ( ! ,roman & ,flor5t9e s*ools1 & associat$ ) v accurate k ( =m & expression1 has gradually got to be ?\ght by a l>ge body ( arti/s ! gr& way ( /udy2 an idea :i* has be5 fo/]$ all ! m because x 0 an unnatural way1 & !re=e ?\ght to be a philosophical "o4 ,almo/ ! fir/ idea ( a *ild1 or ( a simple p]son look+ at any?+1 is1 t x is a r$1 or a black1 or a gre51 or a :ite ?+4 ,nay1 say ! arti/s2 t is an unphilosophical & b>b>\s view ( ! matt]4 ,r$ & :ite are m]e vulg> appe>ances2 look f>!r into ! matt]1 & y w see su* & su* wond]ful o!r appe>ances4 ,ab/ract ^?1 !y are ! h]oic1 epic1 hi/oric1 & g5]ally eligible appe>ances4 ,& act+ on ?is gr& pr9ciple1 !y draw fle% :ite1 leaves :ite1 gr\nd :ite1 ev]y?+ :ite 9 ! light1 & ev]y?+ black 9 ! %ade--& ?9k !mselves wise4 ,b1 ! long] ,i live1 ! m gr\nd ,i see to hold 9 high honor a c]ta9 sort ( *ildi%ness or innoc5t susceptibility4 ,g5]ally speak+1 ,i f9d t :5 we fir/ look at a subject1 we get a glimpse ( "s ( ! greate/ tru?s ab\t x3 z we look long]1 our vanity1 & false reason+1 & half-k1 lead u into v>i\s wrong op9ions2 b z we look long] /ill1 we gradually return to our fir/ impressions1 only ) a full und]/&+ ( _! my/ical & inn]mo/ reasons2 & ( mu* beyond & beside !m1 n !n kn[n to u1 n[ add$ 7p>tly z a f\ndation1 p>tly z a coroll>y7 to :at at fir/ we felt or saw4 ,x is ?us em95tly 9 ?is matt] ( color4 ,lay y\r h& ov] ! page ( ?is book1--any *ild or simple p]son look+ at ! h& & book1 w\ld p]ceive1 z ! ma9 fact ( ! matt]1 t a br[ni% p9k ?+ 0 laid ov] a :ite "o4 ,! gr& arti/ comes & tells y t y\r h& is n p9k1 & y\r pap] is n :ite4 ,he %ades y\r f+]s & %ades y\r book1 & makes y see all mann] ( />t+ ve9s1 & project+ muscles1 & black holl[s1 :]e be=e y saw no?+ b pap] & f+]s4 ,b g a little f>!r1 & y w get m innoc5t aga92 y w f9d t1 :5 sci5ce has done its wor/1 two & two /ill make f\r2 & t ! ma9 & mo/ important facts ab\t y\r h&1 s se51 are1 aft] all1 t x has f\r f+]s & a ?umb--%[+ z br[ni% p9k ?+s on :ite pap]4 #bb4 ,i h also be5 m & m conv9c$1 ! m ,i ?9k ( x1 t 9 g5]al pride is at ! bottom ( all great mi/akes4 ,all ! o!r passions d occasional good1 b :5ev] pride puts 9 its ^w1 ev]y?+ goes wrong1 & :at x might really be desirable to d1 quietly & innoc5tly1 x is mortally dang]\s to d1 pr\dly4 ,?us1 :ile x is v (t5 good = ! arti/ to make /udies ( ?+s1 = ! sake ( kn[+ _! =ms1 ) _! high lights all :ite1 ! mom5t he does ?is 9 a haughty way1 & ?9ks himself draw+ 9 ! great /yle1 because he leaves high lights :ite1 x is all ov] ) him2 & half ! degradation ( art 9 mod]n times has be5 ow+ to endeavors1 mu* fo/]$ by ! metaphysical ,g]mans1 to see ?+s )\t color1 z if color 7 a vulg> ?+1 ! result be+1 9 mo/ /ud5ts1 t !y end by n be+ able to see any?+ at all2 :]eas ! true & p]fect way ( /udy+ any object is simply to look :at its color is 9 high light1 & put t safely d[n1 if possible2 or1 if y are mak+ a *i>oscuro /udy1 to take ! grey answ]+ to t color1 & cov] ! :ole object at once ) t grey1 firmly resolv+ t no "p ( x %all be bright] ?an t2 !n look = ! d>ke/ "p ( x1 & if1 z is probable1 its d>ke/ "p be /ill a great deal light] ?an black1 or ?an o!r ?+s ab\t x1 assume a giv5 %ade1 z d>k z1 ) due ref]5ce to o!r ?+s1 y c h x1 b no d>k]4 ,m>k t = y\r extreme d>k on ! object1 & betwe5 ^? limits get z mu* draw+ z y c1 by subtlety ( gradation4 ,t w tax y\r p[]s ( draw+ inde$2 & y w f9d ?is1 :i* seems a *ildi% & simple way ( go+ to "w1 requires v]ily a ?\s&fold m p[] to c>ry out ?an all ! pseudo-sci5tific ab/ractions t ev] 7 inv5t$4 #bc4 ,nor c x long be d\bt$ t x is also ! mo/ impressive way to o!rs2 = ! ?ird great advantage possess$ by ! colori/s is1 t ! delightfulness ( _! picture1 its sacr$ness1 & g5]al nobl5ess1 are increas$ exactly 9 proportion to ! quantity ( light & ( lovely color !y c introduce 9 ! %ad[s1 z oppos$ to ! black & grey ( ! *i>oscuri/s4 ,i h already1 9 ! ,/ones ( ,v5ice1 vol4 ii4 *ap4 v41 insi/$ ^u ! fact ( ! sacr$ness ( color1 & its necess>y connection ) all pure & noble feel+4 ,:at we h se5 ( ! use ( color by ! poets w help to confirm ?is tru?2 b p]haps ,i h n yet en\gh insi/$ on ! simple/ & readie/ to h& ( all pro(s1--! way1 namely1 9 :i* ,god has employ$ color 9 ,8 creation z ! unv>y+ accompanim5t ( all t is pure/1 mo/ innoc5t1 & mo/ preci\s2 :ile = ?+s preci\s only 9 mat]ial uses1 or dang]\s1 common colors are res]v$4 ,consid] = a little :ile :at sort ( a _w x w\ld be if all fl[]s 7 grey1 all leaves black1 & ! sky br[n4 ,imag9e t1 z completely z may be1 & consid] :e!r y w\ld ?9k ! _w any :it m sacr$ = be+ ?us transfigur$ into ! hues ( ! %ad[s 9 ,raphael's ,transfiguration4 ,!n obs]ve h[ con/antly innoc5t ?+s are bright 9 color2 look at a dove's neck1 & comp>e x ) ! grey back ( a vip]2 ,i h (t5 he>d talk ( brilliantly color$ s]p5ts2 & ,i suppose !re are su*1--z !re are gay poisons1 l ! foxglove & kalmia--types ( deceit2 b all ! v5om\s s]p5ts ,i h really se5 are grey1 brick-r$1 or br[n1 v>i\sly mottl$2 & ! mo/ awful s]p5t ,i h se51 ! ,egyptian asp1 is precisely ( ! color ( gravel1 or only a little grey]4 ,s1 aga91 ! crocodile & alligator are grey1 b ! innoc5t liz>d gre5 & beautiful4 ,i d n mean t ! rule is inv>iable1 o!rwise x w\ld be m conv9c+ ?an ! lessons ( ! natural univ]se are int5d$ ev] to be2 !re are beautiful colors on ! leop>d & tig]1 & 9 ! b]ries ( ! night-%ade2 & !re is no?+ v notable 9 brilliancy ( color ei!r 9 %eep or cattle 7?\gh1 by ! way1 ! velvet ( a br[n bull's hide 9 ! sun1 or ! tawny :ite ( ! ,italian ox51 is1 to my m9d1 loveli] ?an any leop>d's or tig]'s sk972 b take a wid] view ( nature1 & comp>e g5]ally ra9b[s1 sunrises1 roses1 violets1 butt]flies1 birds1 gold-fi%1 rubies1 opals1 & corals1 ) alligators1 hippopotami1 lions1 wolves1 be>s1 sw9e1 %>ks1 slugs1 bones1 fungi1#ba frogs1 & corrupt+1 /++1 de/roy+ ?+s 9 g5]al1 & y w feel !n h[ ! "q /&s betwe5 ! colori/s & *i>oscuri/s1--:i* ( !m h nature & life on _! side1 & :i* h s9 & dea?4 #bd4 ,f9ally3 ! asc]ta9m5t ( ! sanctity ( color is n left to human sagacity4 ,x is di/9ctly /at$ 9 ,scripture4 ,i h be=e allud$ to ! sacr$ *ord ( color 7blue1 purple1 & sc>let1 ) :ite & gold7 z appo9t$ 9 ! ,tab]nacle2 ?is *ord is ! fix$ base ( all color+ ) ! workm5 ( e great age2 ! purple & sc>let w be f\nd con/antly employ$ by noble pa9t]s1 9 v>i\s unison1 to ! exclusion 9 g5]al ( pure crimson2--x is ! h>mony describ$ by ,h]odotus z us$ 9 ! battlem5ts ( ,ecbatana1 & ! inv>iable base ( all beautiful missal-pa9t+2 ! mi/ake cont9ually made by mod]n re/or]s1 9 suppos+ ! purple to be a fad$ crimson1 & sub/itut+ full crimson = x1 be+ in/antly fatal to ! :ole "w1 z1 inde$1 ! slighte/ modification ( any hue 9 a p]fect color-h>mony mu/ always be4#bb ,9 ?is *ord ! sc>let is ! p[]ful color1 & is on ! :ole ! mo/ p]fect repres5tation ( ab/ract color :i* exi/s2 blue be+ 9 a c]ta9 degree associat$ ) %ade1 yell[ ) light1 & sc>let1 z absolute color1 /&+ alone4 ,accord+ly1 we f9d x us$1 toge!r ) c$> wood1 hyssop1 & runn+ wat]1 z an emblem ( purification1 9 ,leviticus xiv4 #d1 & o!r places1 & s us$ n m]ely z ! repres5tative ( ! color ( blood1 s9ce x 0 also to be dipp$ 9 ! actual blood ( a liv+ bird4 ,s t ! c$> wood = its p]fume1 ! hyssop = its se>*+ness1 ! wat] = its cleans+1 & ! sc>let = its k9dl+ or enlight5+1 are all us$ z tok5s ( sanctification2#bc & x _c be ) any =ce alleg$1 9 opposition to ?is def9ite appo9tm5t1 t sc>let is us$ incid5tally to illu/rate ! /a9 ( s91--?\gh ?y s9s be z sc>let1--any m ?an x c\ld be receiv$ z a dim9ution ( ! au?ority = us+ sn[-:it5ess z a type ( purity1 t ,gehazi's leprosy is describ$ z be+ z :ite z sn[4 ,an incid5tal image has no au?oritative mean+1 b a /at$ c]emonial appo9tm5t has2 besides1 we h ! rev]s$ image giv5 di/9ctly 9 ,prov4 xxxi43 ,%e is n afraid ( ! sn[ = h] h\sehold1 = all h] h\sehold are clo!d ) sc>let4 ,&1 aga93 ,ye daught]s ( ,israel1 weep ov] ,saul1 :o clo!d y 9 sc>let1 ) o!r delights4 ,s1 also1 ! array+ ( ! my/ic ,babylon 9 purple & sc>let may be int]pret$ exactly z we *oose2 ei!r1 by ^? :o ?9k color s5sual1 z an image ( e>?ly pomp & guilt1 or1 by ^? :o ?9k x sacr$1 z an image ( assum$ or pret5d$ sanctity4 ,x is possible ! two mean+s may be bl5d$1 & ! idea may be t ! purple & f9e l95 ( ,dives are worn 9 hypocritical semblance ( ! purple & f9e l95 ( ! high prie/1 be+1 nev]!less1 !mselves1 9 all cases typical ( all beauty & purity4 ,i hope1 h[ev]1 to be able "s day to ent] f>!r into ^! que/ions ) respect to ! art ( illum9ation2 meantime1 ! facts be>+ on our imm$iate subject may be briefly recapitulat$4 ,all m51 completely organiz$ & ju/ly temp]$1 enjoy color2 x is meant = ! p]petual com=t & delight ( ! human he>t2 x is ri*ly be/[$ on ! highe/ works ( creation1 & ! em95t sign & seal ( p]fection 9 !m2 be+ associat$ ) life 9 ! human body1 ) light 9 ! sky1 ) purity & h>dness 9 ! e>?1--dea?1 night1 & pollution ( all k9ds be+ colorless4 ,& al?\gh if =m & color be br\ght into complete opposition1#bd s t x %\ld be put to u z a matt] ( /]n *oice :e!r we %\ld h a "w ( art all ( =m1 )\t color 7z an ,alb]t ,dur]'s engrav+71 or all ( color1 )\t =m 7z an imitation ( "m-(-pe>l71 =m is beyond all comp>ison ! m preci\s ( ! two2 & 9 expla9+ ! ess5ce ( objects1 =m is ess5tial1 & color m or less accid5tal 7comp>e ,*ap4 v4 ( ! fir/ section ( ,vol4 ,i472 yet if color be introduc$ at all1 x is necess>y t1 :atev] else may be wrong1 t %\ld be "r2 j z1 ?\gh ! music ( a song may n be s ess5tial to its influ5ce z ! mean+ ( ! words1 yet if ! music be giv5 at all1 x mu/ be "r1 or its discord w spoil ! words2 & x w\ld be bett]1 ( ! two1 t ! words %\ld be indi/9ct1 ?an ! notes false4 ,h5ce1 z ,i h said else:]e1 ! bus9ess ( a pa9t] is to pa9t4 ,if he c color1 he is a pa9t]1 ?\gh he c d no?+ else2 if he _c color1 he is no pa9t]1 ?\gh he may d ev]y?+ else4 ,b x is1 9 fact1 impossible1 if he c color1 b t he %\ld be able to d m2 = a fai?ful /udy ( color w always give p[] ov] =m1 ?\gh ! mo/ int5se /udy ( =m w give no p[] ov] color4 ,! man :o c see all ! greys1 & r$s1 & purples 9 a pea*1 w pa9t ! pea* rightly r\nd1 & rightly altoge!r2 b ! man :o has only /udi$ its r\ndness1 may n see its purples & greys1 & if he does n1 w nev] get x to look l a pea*2 s t great p[] ov] color is always a sign ( l>ge g5]al art-intellect4 ,expression ( ! mo/ subtle k9d c be (t5 rea*$ by ! slight /udies ( c>icaturi/s2#be sometimes elaborat$ by ! toil ( ! dull1 & sometimes by ! s5tim5t ( ! feeble1 b to color well requires real tal5t & e>ne/ /udy1 & to color p]fectly is ! r>e/ & mo/ preci\s p[] an arti/ c possess4 ,e o!r gift may be errone\sly cultivat$1 b ?is w guide to all heal?y1 natural1 & =cible tru?2 ! /ud5t may be l$ into folly by philosoph]s1 & into falsehood by puri/s2 b he is always safe if he holds ! h& ( a colori/4 ,,footnotes #ac ,"p ,,ii4 ,sec4 ,,ii4 ,*ap ,i4 #ad ,"p ,,iii4 ,sec4 ,i4 ,*ap4 ,v4 #ae ,light f above is ! same ?+ ) ref]5ce to our pres5t inquiry4 #af ,= :i* reason1 ,i said 9 ! ,app5dix to ! ?ird volume1 t ! expression f9ite realization ( inf9ity 0 a consid]ably less rational "o ?an black realization ( :ite4 #ag ,! color1 b n ! =m4 ,i want$ ! cont\r ( ! top ( ! ,brev5 = ref]5ce 9 ano!r place1 & h !re=e giv5 x in/ead ( t ( ! ,b\*>d1 b 9 ! prop] dep? ( t9t4 #ah ,ev5 "h we %all be defeat$ by ,nature1 h] utmo/ d>kness be+ deep] ?an ours4 ,see ,"p ,,ii4 ,sec4 ,,ii4 ,*ap4 ,i4 #d-g4 etc4 #ai ,:5 ! cl\ds are brilliantly light$1 x may r be1 z /at$ 9 #d4 above1 9 ! proportion ( #afj to #dj4 ,i take ! numb] #ajj z m calculable4 #bj ,x is (t5 extremely difficult to di/+ui% prop]ly betwe5 ! ,leon>desque mann]1 9 :i* local color is d5i$ altoge!r1 & ! ,turn]esque1 9 :i* local color at its highe/ po9t 9 ! picture is m]g$ 9 :it5ess4 ,?us1 ,alb]t ,dur]'s noble ,melan*olia is entirely ,leon>desque2 ! leaves on h] head1 h] fle%1 h] w+s1 h] dress1 ! wolf1 ! wood5 ball1 & ! ra9b[1 be+ all equally :ite on ! high lights4 ,b my draw+ ( leaves1 fac+ page #abj1 ,vol4 ,,iii41 is ,turn]esque2 because1 ?\gh ,i leave pure :ite to repres5t ! pale gre5 ( leaves & grass 9 high light1 ,i give def9ite increase ( d>kness to f\r ( ! bramble leaves1 :i*1 9 reality1 7 purple1 & leave a d>k )]$ /alk ne>ly black1 ?\gh x is 9 light1 :]e x crosses ! leaf 9 ! c5tre4 ,^! di/9ctions c\ld only be prop]ly expla9$ by a l5g?y s]ies ( examples2 :i* ,i hope to give "s day or o!r1 b h n space = "h4 #ba ,x is notable1 h[ev]1 t ne>ly all ! poison\s ag>ics are sc>let or speckl$1 & :olesome ones br[n or gray1 z if to %[ u t ?+s ris+ out ( d>kness & decay are always mo/ deadly :5 !y are well dre/4 #bb ,h5ce ! int5se absurdity ( endeavor+ to re/ore ! color ( anci5t build+s by ! h&s ( ignorant colori/s1 z at ! ,cry/al ,palace4 #bc ,! r$eem$ ,rahab b\nd = a sign a sc>let ?read 9 ! w9d[4 ,comp>e ,canticles iv4 #c4 #bd ,! inconsi/5cy betwe5 p]fections ( color & =m1 :i* ,i h _h to insi/ ^u 9 o!r places1 is exactly l t betwe5 articulation & h>mony4 ,we _c h ! ri*e/ h>mony ) ! %>pe/ & mo/ audible articulation ( words3 yet good s+]s w articulate cle>ly3 & ! p]fect /udy ( ! sci5ce ( music w conduct to a f9e articulation2 b ! /udy ( pronunciation w n conduct to1 nor involve1 t ( h>mony4 ,s1 also1 ?\gh1 z said f>!r on1 subtle expression c be got )\t color1 p]fect expression nev] c2 = ! color ( ! face is a "p ( its expression4 ,h[ (t5 has t sc5e betwe5 ,francesca di ,rim9i & h] lov] be5 va9ly attempt$ by sculptors1 simply because !y did n obs]ve t ! ma9 note ( expression 9 x 0 9 ! fair %eet-lightn+--fad+ & flam+ ?r\gh ! cl\d ( passion6 ,p] pi flate gli oc*i ci sosp9se ,quella lettura1 e scolorocci il viso4 ,&1 ( c\rse1 9 l&scape1 color is ! pr9cipal s\rce ( expression4 ,take "o melan*oly *ord f ! close ( ,crabbe's ,patron3 ,cold grew ! foggy morn2 ! day 0 brief1 ,loose on ! *]ry hung ! crimson leaf4 ,! dew dwelt ev] on ! h]b2 ! woods ,ro>$ ) /rong bla/s2 ) mighty %[]s1 ! floods ,all gre5 0 vani%$1 save ( p9e & yew ,t /ill display$ _! melan*oly hue2 ,save ! gre5 holly1 ) its b]ries r$ ,& ! gre5 moss t o'er ! gravel spread4 #be ,see ,app5dix #a4 ,mod]n ,grotesque4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,( ,,turn]ian ,,my/]y3--,,fir/1 ,,z ,,ess5tial4 #a4 ,9 ! prec$+ *apt]s we h %[n ! nature ( ,turn]'s art2 fir/1 z respect$ sympa?y ) 8 subject2 next1 z respect$ fidelity 9 local detail2 & ?irdly1 z respect$ pr9ciples ( color4 ,we h n[ f9ally to confirm :at 9 v>i\s places has be5 said respect+ 8 pr9ciples ( del9eation1 or t my/]i\s & app>5tly unc]ta9 execution by :i* he is di/+ui%$ f mo/ o!r pa9t]s4 ,9 ,*ap4 ,,iii4 #ag ( ! prec$+ volume we conclud$ g5]ally t all great draw+ 0 di/9ct draw+2 b ) ref]5ce1 nev]!less1 to a c]ta9 sort ( indi/9ctness1 necess>y to ! highe/ art1 & aft]w>ds to be expla9$4 ,& ! inquiry into ?is seem+ contradiction has1 ,i tru/1 be5 made some:at m int]e/+ by :at we saw respect+ mod]n art 9 ! f\r? p>agraph ( ,*ap4 ,,xvi41 namely1 t x 0 di/+ui%$ f old art em95tly by 9di/9ctness1 & by its idle omission ( details = ! sake ( g5]al effect4 ,p]haps also1 ( all mod]n arti/s1 ,turn] is ! "o to :om mo/ p w\ld fir/ look z ! great repres5tative ( ?is n9ete5? c5tury cl\d9ess1 & +5i\s speak+ conc]n+ smoke2 e "o ( 8 compositions be+ evid5tly dictat$ by a delight 9 see+ only a "p ( ?+s r ?an ! :ole1 & 9 ca/+ cl\ds & mi/ ar\nd !m r ?an unveil+ !m4 #b4 ,& z ! head ( mod]n my/]y1 all ! ranks ( ! be/ anci5t1 & ( ev5 a v important & notable division ( mod]n au?ority1 seem to be array$ aga9/ him4 ,z we saw 9 prec$+ *apt]s1 e great man 0 def9ite until ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,john ,bell9i1 ,leon>do1 ,angelico1 ,dur]1 ,p]ug9o1 ,raphael1--all ( !m hat$ fog1 & repudiat$ indignantly all mann] ( concealm5t4 ,cle>1 calm1 placid1 p]petual vision1 f> & ne>2 endless p]spicuity ( space2 unfatigu$ v]acity ( et]nal light2 p]fectly accurate del9eation ( e leaf on ! trees1 e fl[] 9 ! fields1 e gold5 ?read 9 ! dresses ( ! figures1 up to ! highe/ po9t ( calm brilliancy :i* 0 p5etrable to ! eye1 or possible to ! p5cil1--^! 7 _! glory4 ,on ! o!r--! entirely my/]i\s--side1 we h only sull5 & sombre ,rembr&t2 desp]ate ,salvator2 filmy1 futile ,claude2 occasionally "s c\nt5ance f ,correggio & ,titian1 & a c>eless condesc5sion or two f ,t9toret1#bf--n by any means a balanc$ weight ( au?ority4 ,!n1 ev5 9 mod]n times1 putt+ ,turn] 7:o is at pres5t ! prison] at ! b>7 out ( ! "q1 we h1 9 l&scape1 ,/anfield & ,h>d+ z def9]s1 aga9/ ,copley ,field+ & ,robson on ! side ( ! cl\ds2#bg ,mulready & ,wilkie aga9/ ,etty1--ev5 ,etty be+ n s mu* mi/y 9 conception z vague 9 execution1 & n1 !re=e1 q legitimately to be claim$ on ! foggy side2 :ile1 f9ally1 ! :ole body ( ! ,pre-,raphaelites--c]ta9ly ! greate/ m51 tak5 z a class1 :om mod]n ,europe has produc$ 9 conc]nm5t ) ! arts--entirely agree ) ! eld] religi\s pa9t]s1 & d1 to _! utmo/1 dwell 9 an elem5t ( light & decl>ation1 9 antagonism to all mi/ & deception4 ,truly1 ! cl\ds seem to be gett+ mu* ! wor/ ( x2 & ,i feel1 = ! mom5t1 z if no?+ c\ld be said = !m4 ,h[ev]1 hav+ be5 myself long a cl\d-wor%ipp]1 & pass$ _m h\rs ( life 9 ! pursuit ( !m f crag to crag1 ,i mu/ consid] :at c possibly be submitt$ 9 _! def5ce1 & 9 ,turn]'s4 #c4 ,! fir/ & pr9cipal ?+ to be submitt$ is1 t ! cl\ds are !re4 ,:e!r we l !m or n1 x is a fact t by f> ! l>ge/ spaces ( ! habitable _w are full ( !m4 ,t is ,nature's w 9 ! matt]2 & :atev] we may !oretically det]m9e to be exp$i5t or beautiful1 %e has long ago det]m9$ :at %all be4 ,we may decl>e t cle> horizons & blue skies =m ! mo/ exalt$ sc5]y2 b = all t1 ! b$ ( ! riv] 9 ! morn+ w /ill be trac$ by its l9e ( :ite mi/1 & ! m\nta9 peaks w be se5 at ev5+ only 9 ! r5ts betwe5 _! blue fragm5ts ( t[]+ cl\d4 ,?us x is1 & t s con/antly1 t x is impossible to become a fai?ful l&scape pa9t] )\t cont9ually gett+ involv$ 9 effects ( ?is k9d4 ,we may1 inde$1 avoid !m sy/ematically1 b %all become n>r[ mann]i/s if we d4 #d4 ,b n only is !re a p>tial & v>iable my/]y ?us caus$ by cl\ds & vapors ?r\gh\t great spaces ( l&scape2 !re is a cont9ual my/]y caus$ ?r\gh\t all spaces1 caus$ by ! absolute inf9ity ( ?+s4 ,,we ,,nev] ,,see ,,any?+ ,,cle>ly4 ,i /at$ ?is fact p>tly 9 ! *apt] on ,tru? ( ,space1 9 ! fir/ volume1 b n ) suffici5t illu/ration1 s t ! read] might by t *apt] h be5 l$ to inf] t ! my/]y spok5 ( belong$ to "s special di/ance ( ! l&scape1 :]eas ! fact is1 t ev]y?+ we look at1 be x l>ge or small1 ne> or di/ant1 has an equal quantity ( my/]y 9 x2 & ! only "q is1 n h[ mu* my/]y !re is1 b at :at "p ( ! object my/ification beg9s4 ,we suppose we see ! gr\nd "u our feet cle>ly1 b if we try to numb] its gra9s ( du/1 we %all f9d t x is z full ( confusion & d\btful =m z any?+ else2 s t !re is lit]ally no po9t ( cle> sight1 & !re nev] c be4 ,:at we call see+ a ?+ cle>ly1 is only see+ en\gh ( x to make out :at x is2 ?is po9t ( intelligibility v>y+ 9 di/ance = diff]5t magnitudes & k9ds ( ?+s1 :ile ! appo9t$ quantity ( my/]y rema9s ne>ly ! same = all4 ,?us3 ?r[+ an op5 book & an embroid]$ h&k]*ief on a lawn1 at a di/ance ( half a mile we _c tell :i* is :i*2 t is ! po9t ( my/]y = ! :ole ( ^? ?+s4 ,!y are !n m]ely :ite spots ( indi/9ct %ape4 ,we approa* !m1 & p]ceive t "o is a book1 ! o!r a h&k]*ief1 b _c read ! "o1 nor trace ! embroid]y ( ! o!r4 ,! my/]y has ceas$ to be 9 ! :ole ?+s1 & has gone into _! details4 ,we g ne>]1 & c n[ read ! text & trace ! embroid]y1 b _c see ! fibres ( ! pap]1 nor ! ?reads ( ! /uff4 ,! my/]y has gone into a ?ird place4 ,we take bo? up & look closely at !m2 we see ! wat]m>k & ! ?reads1 b n ! hills & dales 9 ! pap]'s surface1 nor ! f9e fibres :i* %oot (f f e ?read4 ,! my/]y has gone into a f\r? place1 :]e x mu/ /ay1 till we take a microscope1 :i* w s5d x into a fif?1 six?1 hundr$?1 or ?\s&? place1 accord+ to ! p[] we use4 ,:51 !re=e1 we say1 we see ! book cle>ly1 we mean only t we "k x is a book4 ,:5 we say t we see ! lett]s cle>ly1 we mean t we "k :at lett]s !y are2 & arti/s feel t !y are draw+ objects at a conv5i5t di/ance :5 !y are s ne> !m z to "k1 & to be able 9 pa9t+ to %[ t !y "k1 :at ! objects are1 9 a tol]ably complete mann]2 b ?is p[] does n dep5d on any def9ite di/ance ( ! object1 b on its size1 k9d1 & di/ance1 toge!r2 s t a small ?+ 9 ! =egr\nd may be precisely 9 ! same phase or place ( my/]y z a l>ge ?+ f> away4 #e4 ,! o!r day1 z ,i 0 ly+ d[n to re/ on ! side ( ! hill r\nd :i* ! ,rhone sweeps 9 its ma9 angle1 opposite ,m>tigny1 & look+ c>efully across ! valley to ! ridge ( ! hill :i* rises above ,m>tigny itself1 !n di/ant ab\t f\r miles1 a planta9 se$-vessel ab\t an in* long1 & a )]$ head ( a scabi\s half an in* broad1 happ5$ to be se5 ris+ up1 out ( ! grass ne> me1 across ! outl9e ( ! di/ant hill1 s z seem+ly to set !mselves closely beside ! l>ge p9es & *e/nuts :i* fr+$ t di/ant ridge4 ,! planta9 0 eight y>ds f me1 & ! scabi\s sev52 & to my sight1 at ^! di/ances1 ! planta9 & ! f> away p9es 7 equally cle> 7x be+ a cle> day1 & ! sun /oop+ to ! we/74 ,! p9es1 f\r miles (f1 %[$ _! bran*es1 b ,i c\ld n c\nt !m2 & two or ?ree "y & old ,spani% *e/nuts beside !m %[$ _! brok5 masses di/9ctly2 b ,i c\ld n c\nt ^? masses1 only ,i knew ! trees to be *e/nuts by _! g5]al look4 ,! planta9 & scabi\s 9 l mann] ,i knew to be a planta9 & scabi\s by _! g5]al look4 ,i saw ! planta9 se$-vessel to be1 someh[1 r\gh1 & t !re 7 two little projections at ! bottom ( ! scabi\s head :i* ,i knew to mean ! leaves ( ! calyx2 b ,i c\ld no m c\nt di/9ctly ! se$s ( ! planta91 or ! gr\p ( leaves =m+ ! calyx ( ! scabi\s1 ?an ,i c\ld c\nt ! bran*es ( ! f>-away p9es4 #f4 ,"u ^! circum/ances1 x is q evid5t t nei!r ! p9e nor planta9 c\ld h be5 rightly repres5t$ by a s+le dot or /roke ( color4 ,/ill less c\ld !y be repres5t$ by a def9ite draw+1 on a small scale1 ( a p9e ) all its bran*es cle>1 or ( a planta9 ) all its se$s cle>4 ,! r\nd dot or long /roke w\ld repres5t no?+1 & ! cle> del9eation too mu*4 ,!y 7 n m]e dots ( color :i* ,i saw on ! hill1 b some?+ full ( ess5ce ( p9e2 out ( :i* ,i c\ld ga!r :i* 7 "y & :i* 7 old1 & disc]n ! di/ort$ & crabb$ p9es f ! symmetrical & heal?y p9es2 & feel h[ ! ev5+ sun 0 s5d+ its se>*+ ?reads among _! d>k leaves2--assur$ly !y 7 m ?an dots ( color4 ,& yet n "o ( _! b\ghs or outl9es c\ld be di/9ctly made out1 or di/9ctly drawn4 ,!re=e1 if ,i _h drawn ei!r a def9ite p9e1 or a dot1 ,i %\ld h be5 equally wrong1 ! "r ly+ 9 an inexplicable1 almo/ inimitable1 confusion betwe5 ! two4 #g4 ,b is ?is only ! case ) p9es f\r miles away1 & ) planta9s eight y>ds8 ,n s4 ,ev]y?+ 9 ! field ( sight is equally puzzl+1 & c only be drawn rightly on ! same difficult conditions4 ,try x fairly4 ,take ! commone/1 close/1 mo/ famili> ?+1 & /rive to draw x v]ily z y see x4 ,be sure ( ?is la/ fact1 = o!rwise y w f9d y\rself cont9ually draw+1 n :at y see1 b :at y "k4 ,! be/ practice to beg9 ) is1 sitt+ ab\t ?ree y>ds1 f a bookcase 7n y\r own1 s t y may "k none ( ! titles ( ! books71 to try to draw ! books accurately1 ) ! titles on ! backs1 & patt]ns on ! b9d+s1 z y see !m4 ,y are n to /ir f y\r place to look :at !y are1 b to draw !m simply z !y appe>1 giv+ ! p]fect look ( neat lett]+2 :i*1 nev]!less1 mu/ be 7z y f9d x on mo/ ( ! books7 absolutely illegible4 ,next try to draw a piece ( patt]n$ musl9 or lace 7( :i* y d n "k ! patt]n71 a little way (f1 & r 9 ! %ade2 & be sure y get all ! grace & look ( ! patt]n )\t go+ a /ep ne>] to see :at x is4 ,!n try to draw a bank ( grass1 ) all its blades2 or a bu%1 ) all its leaves2 & y w soon beg9 to und]/& "u :at a univ]sal law ( obscurity we live1 & p]ceive t all di/9ct draw+ mu/ be bad draw+1 & t no?+ c be "r1 till x is un9telligible4 #h4 ,h[6 & ,pre-,raphaelitism & ,dur]ism1 & all t y h be5 talk+ to u ab\t = ^! five hundr$ pages6 ,well1 x is all "r2 ,pre-,raphaelitism is q z un9telligible z ne$ be 7,i w answ] = ,dur]ism f>!r on74 ,exam9e y\r ,pre-,raphaelite pa9t+ well1 & y w f9d x is ! precise fulfilm5t ( ^! laws4 ,y c make out y\r planta9 head & y\r p9e1 & see entirely :at !y are2 b yet !y are full ( my/]y1 & sugge/ m ?an y c see4 ,s also ) ,turn]1 ! true head ( ,pre-,raphaelitism4 ,y %all see ! spots ( ! tr\t ly+ dead on ! rock 9 8 =egr\nd1 b n c\nt !m4 ,x is only ! ,g]mans & ! s-call$ ma/]s ( draw+ & def9+ t are wrong1 n ! ,pre-,raphaelites4#bh ,n1 t is to say1 s f> z x is possible to be "r4 ,no human skill c get ! absolute tru? 9 ?is matt]2 b a draw+ by ,turn] ( a l>ge sc5e1 & by ,holman ,hunt ( a small "o1 are z close to tru? z human eyes & h&s c rea*4 #i4 ,well1 b h[ ( ,v]onese & all ! firm1 fe>less draughtsm5 ( days gone by8 ,!y are inde$ firm & fe>less1 b !y are all my/]i\s4 ,n "o great man ( !m1 b he w puzzle y1 if y look close1 to "k :at he means4 ,di/9ct en\gh1 z to 8 g5]al int5t1 inde$1 j z ,nature is di/9ct 9 h] g5]al int5t2 b exam9e 8 t\*es1 & y w f9d 9 ,v]onese1 9 ,titian1 9 ,t9toret1 9 ,correggio1 & 9 all ! great pa9t]s1 prop]ly s call$1 a peculi> melt+ & my/]y ab\t ! p5cill+1 sometimes call$ s(tness1 sometimes fre$om1 sometimes bread?2 b 9 reality a mo/ subtle confusion ( colors & =ms1 obta9$ ei!r by ! app>5tly c>eless /roke ( ! bru%1 or by c>eful ret\*+ ) t5d]e/ labor2 b always obta9$ 9 "o way or ano!r3 s t ?\gh1 :5 comp>$ ) "w t has no mean+1 all great "w is di/9ct1--comp>$ ) "w t has n>r[ & /ubborn mean+1 all great "w is 9di/9ct2 & if we f9d1 on exam9+ any picture closely1 t x is all cle>ly to be made out1 x _c be1 z pa9t+1 fir/-rate4 ,!re is no exception to ?is rule4 ,,excell5ce ,,( ,,! ,,highe/ ,,k9d1 ,,)\t ,,obscurity1 ,,_c ,,exi/4 #aj4 ,b y said t all au?ority 0 aga9/ ,turn]1--,titian's & ,v]onese's1 z well z t ( ! old] pa9t]s4 ,yes1 z reg>ds 8 *oice ( mi/y or foggy subject1 x is s2 b 9 ?is matt] ( m]e execution1 all ! great pa9t]s are ) him1 ?\gh at fir/ he seems to diff] f !m1 on acc\nt ( t *oice ( foggy subject2 & because1 in/ead ( pa9t+ ?+s "u circum/ances :5 _! g5]al "* is to be disc]n$ at once 7z ,v]onese pa9ts human figures close to u & ! size ( life71 he is always pa9t+ ?+s tw5ty & ?irty miles away1 r$uc$ to un9telligible & ecc5tric %ades4 #aa4 ,b h[1 !n1 ( ?is foggy *oice2 c t be "r 9 itself8 ,t we w discuss 9 ! next *apt]3 let u keep at pres5t to ! "q ( execution4 ,keep+ to t "q1 :y is x t a photograph always looks cle> & %>p1--n at all l a ,turn]8 ,photographs nev] look entirely cle> & %>p2 b because cle>ness is suppos$ a m]it 9 !m1 !y are usually tak5 f v cle>ly m>k$ & un-,turn]ian subjects2 & su* results z are mi/y & fa9t1 ?\gh (t5 precisely ^? :i* conta9 ! mo/ subtle r5d]+s ( nature1 are ?r[n away1 & ! cle> ones only are pres]v$4 ,^? cle> ones dep5d = mu* ( _! =ce on ! faults ( ! process4 ,photography ei!r exagg]ates %ad[s1 or loses detail 9 ! lights1 &1 9 _m ways :i* ,i d n "h pause to expla91 misses c]ta9 ( ! utmo/ subtleties ( natural effect 7:i* are (t5 ! ?+s t ,turn] has *iefly aim$ at17 :ile x r5d]s subtleties ( =m :i* no human h& c\ld a*ieve4 ,b a delicately tak5 photograph ( a truly ,turn]ian subject1 is f> m l ,turn] 9 ! draw+ ?an x is to ! "w ( any o!r arti/2 ?\gh1 9 ! sy/em ( *i>oscuro1 be+ entirely & necess>ily ,rembr&tesque1 ! subtle my/]y ( ! t\* 7,turn]ism c>ri$ to an inf9itely wr\ght ref9em5t7 is n usually p]ceiv$4 #ab4 ,b h[ ( ,van ,eyck1 & ,alb]t ,dur]1 & all ! cle> e>ly m58 ,s f> z !y are q cle>1 !y are imp]fect1 & kn[+ly imp]fect1 if consid]$ z pa9t]s ( real appe>ances2 b by means ( ?is v imp]fection or conv5tionalism1 !y (t5 give c]ta9 facts :i* are m necess>y to _! purpose ?an ^! outw>d appe>ances4 ,= in/ance1 9 ,fig4 #b ( ,plate #be1 fac+ page #cb1 ,i reque/$ ,mr4 ,le ,keux to facsimile1 z f> z might be1 ! look ( ! dagu]reotype2 & he has admirably done s4 ,b if ,alb]t ,dur] _h drawn ! wall betwe5 ^? t[]s1 he w\ld h repres5t$ x ) all its facts di/9ctly reveal$1 z 9 ,fig4 #a2 & 9 _m respects ?is cle> /atem5t is preci\s1 ?\gh1 s f> z reg>ds ocul> tru?1 x is n natural4 ,a mod]n sket*] ( ! bold s*ool w\ld repres5t ! t[] z 9 ,fig4 #c2 t is to say1 9 a mann] j z tr5*ant & firm1 & !re=e ocul>ly false1 z ,dur]'s2 b1 9 all probability1 :i* involv$ entir5ess ( fallacy or ignorance z to ! wall facts2 r5d]+ ! "w ne>ly valueless2 or valuable only 9 color or composition2 n z draughtsman%ip4 ,( ?is we %all h m to say pres5tly1 "h we may re/ satisfi$ ) ! conclusion t to a p]fectly great mann] ( pa9t+1 or to entirely f9i%$ "w1 a c]ta9 degree ( indi/9ctness is indisp5sable4 ,z all subjects h a my/]y 9 !m1 s all draw+ mu/ h a my/]y 9 x2 & f ! ne>e/ object to ! mo/ di/ant1 if we c q make out :at ! arti/ w\ld be at1 !re is some?+ wrong4 ,! /rokes ( pa9t1 exam9$ closely1 mu/ be confus$1 odd1 incompreh5sible2 hav+ nei!r beg9n+ nor end1--melt+ into ea* o!r1 or /raggl+ ov] ea* o!r1 or go+ wrong & com+ "r aga91 or fad+ away altoge!r2 & if we c make any?+ ( !m q out1 t "p ( ! draw+ is wrong1 or incomplete4 #ac4 ,only1 obs]ve1 ! me?od by :i* ! confusion is obta9$ may v>y consid]ably accord+ to ! di/ance & scale ( ! picture itself2 = v curi\s effects are produc$ ^u all pa9t+s by ! di/ance ( ! eye f !m4 ,"o ( ^! is ! giv+ a c]ta9 s(tness to all colors1 s t hues :i* w\ld look co>se or bald if se5 ne>1 may sometimes safely be left1 & are left1 by ! great workm5 9 _! l>ge works1 to be correct$ by ! k9d ( bloom :i* ! di/ance ( ?irty or =ty feet %$s ov] !m4 ,i say1 sometimes1 because ?is optical effect is a v subtle "o1 & seems to take place *iefly on c]ta9 colors1 dead fresco colors especially2 also ! practice ( ! great workm5 is v diff]5t1 & seems mu* to be regulat$ by ! "t at _! disposal4 ,t9toret's picture ( ,p>adise1 ) #ejj figures 9 x1 adapt$ to a suppos$ di/ance ( f fifty to a hundr$ feet1 is yet color$ s t5d]ly t ! ne>] x is approa*$ ! bett] x looks2 nor is x at all c]ta9 t ! color :i* is wrong ne>1 w look "r a little way (f1 or ev5 a great way (f3 ,i h nev] se5 any ( our ,academy portraits made to look l ,titians by be+ hung above ! l9e3 /ill1 di/ance does produce a def9ite effect on pictorial color1 & 9 g5]al an improv+ "o4 ,x also deep5s ! relative p[] ( all /rokes & %ad[s4 ,a t\* ( %ade :i*1 se5 ne>1 is all b invisible1 &1 z f> z effect on ! picture is conc]n$1 q p[]less1 w be f\nd1 a little way (f1 to tell z a def9ite %ad[1 & to h a notable result on all t is ne> x2 & s m>k$ly is ?is ! case1 t 9 all f9e & fir/-rate draw+ !re are _m passages 9 :i* if we see ! t\*es we are putt+ on1 we are do+ too mu*2 !y mu/ be put on by ! feel+ ( ! h& only1 & h _! effect on ! eye :5 se5 9 unison1 a little way (f4 ,?is seems /range2 b ,i believe ! reason ( x is1 t1 se5 at "s di/ance1 ! p>ts ( ! t\* or t\*es are ga!r$ toge!r1 & _! relations truly %[n2 :ile1 se5 ne>1 !y are scatt]$ & confus$4 ,on a l>ge scale1 & 9 common ?+s1 ! ph5om5on is ( con/ant occurr5ce2 ! dirt b&s on a glaci]1 = in/ance1 are n to be c\nt$ on ! glaci] itself1 & yet _! appe>ance is truly /at$ by ,pr(essor ,=bes to be "o ( great importance1 ?\gh f ! two circum/ances ( be+ be/ se5 at a di/ance1 or consid]able height1 & 9 a feeble or slant+ light1 x _h v naturally be5 ov]look$ bo? by myself & o!rs1 l :at are call$ bl9d pa?s ov] moors1 visible at a di/ance1 b lo/ :5 we /& ^u !m4#bi #ad4 ,n only1 h[ev]1 does ?is take place 9 a picture v notably1 s t a gr\p ( t\*es w tell z a compact & intelligible mass1 a little way (f1 ?\gh confus$ :5 se5 ne>2 b also a d>k t\* ga9s at a little di/ance 9 app>5t d>kness1 a light t\* 9 app>5t light1 & a color$ t\* 9 app>5t color1 to a degree inconceivable by an unpractis$ p]son2 s t lit]ally1 a good pa9t] is oblig$1 work+ ne> 8 picture1 to d 9 ev]y?+ only ab\t half ( :at he wants1 ! re/ be+ done by ! di/ance4 ,& if ! effect1 at su* di/ance1 is to be ( confusion1 !n sometimes se5 ne>1 ! "w mu/ be a confusion worse conf\nd$1 almo/ utt]ly un9telligible2 h5ce ! amazem5t & blank wond] ( ! public at "s ( ! f9e/ passages ( ,turn]1 :i* look l a m]e mean+less & disord]ly "w ( *ance2 b1 rightly und]/ood1 are prep>ations = a giv5 result1 l ! mo/ subtle moves ( a game ( *ess1 ( :i* no by/&] c = a long "t see ! int5tion1 b :i* are1 9 dim1 und]h&1 wond]ful way1 br++ out _! =ese5 & inevitable result4 #ae4 ,&1 be x obs]v$1 no o!r means w\ld h br\ght out t result4 ,e di/ance & size ( picture has its own prop] me?od ( "w2 ! arti/ w necess>ily v>y t me?od some:at accord+ to circum/ances & expectations3 he may sometimes f9i% 9 a way fitt$ = close obs]vation1 to please 8 patron1 or cat* ! public eye2 & sometimes be tempt$ into su* f9i% by 8 zeal1 or betray$ into x by =getfulness1 z ,i ?9k ,t9toret has be51 slightly1 9 8 ,p>adise1 above m5tion$4 ,b !re nev] yet 0 a picture ?or\ghly effective at a di/ance1 :i* did n look m or less un9telligible ne>4 ,?+s :i* 9 di/ant effect are folds ( dress1 se5 ne> are only two or ?ree gra9s ( gold5 color set !re app>5tly by *ance2 :at f> (f is a solid limb2 ne> is a grey %ade ) a mi/y outl9e1 s brok5 t x is n easy to f9d its b\nd>y2 & :at f> (f may p]haps be a man's face1 ne>1 is only a piece ( ?9 br[n color1 enclos$ by a s+le fl[+ wave ( a bru% load$ ) :ite1 :ile ?ree br[n t\*es across "o edge ( x1 t5 feet away1 become a m\? & eyes4 ,! m subtle ! p[] ( ! arti/1 ! m curi\s ! diff]5ce w be betwe5 ! app>5t means & ! effect produc$2 & "o ( ! mo/ sublime feel+s connect$ ) art consi/s 9 ! p]ception ( ?is v /rang5ess1 & 9 a sympa?y ) ! =esee+ & =eorda9+ p[] ( ! arti/4 ,9 ,turn]1 ,t9toret1 & ,paul ,v]onese1 ! int5s5ess ( p]ception1 fir/1 z to :at is to be done1 & !n1 ( ! means ( do+ x1 is s colossal1 t ,i always feel 9 ! pres5ce ( _! pictures j z o!r p w\ld 9 t ( a sup]natural be+4 ,common talk]s use ! ^w magic ( a great pa9t]'s p[] )\t kn[+ :at !y mean by x4 ,!y mean a great tru?4 ,t p[] is magical2 s magical1 t1 well und]/ood1 no en*ant]'s "w c\ld be m miracul\s or m appall+2 & ?\gh ,i am n (t5 kept f say+ ?+s by timidity1 ,i %\ld be afraid ( (f5d+ ! read]1 if ,i 7 to def9e to him accurately ! k9d & ! degree ( awe1 ) :i* ,i h /ood be=e ,t9toret's ,adoration ( ! ,magi1 at ,v5ice1 & ,v]onese's ,m>riage 9 ,cana1 9 ! ,l\vre4 #af4 ,x w n[1 ,i hope1 be und]/ood h[ easy x is = dull arti/s to mi/ake ! my/]y ( great ma/]s = c>elessness1 & _! subtle concealm5t ( int5tion = want ( int5tion4 ,= "o p]son :o c p]ceive ! delicacy1 inv5tion1 & v]acity ( ,t9toret or ,reynolds#cj !re are ?\s&s :o c p]ceive ! da% ( ! bru% & ! confusion ( ! color4 ,!y suppose t ! m]it consi/s 9 da% & confusion1 & t !y may easily rival ,reynolds by be+ un9telligible1 & ,t9toret by be+ impetu\s4 ,b ,i assure !m1 v s]i\sly1 t obscurity is n always admirable1 nor impetuosity always "r2 t disord] does n necess>ily imply discretion1 nor ha/e1 security4 ,x is sometimes difficult to und]/& ! words ( a deep ?9k]2 b x is equally difficult to und]/& an idiot2 & "y /ud5ts w f9d x1 on ! :ole1 ! be/ ?+ !y c d to /rive to be cle>2#ca n affect$ly cle>1 b manfully & firmly4 ,mean some?+1 & say some?+1 :5ev] y t\* canvas2 yield nei!r to ! affectation ( precision nor ( spe$1 & tru/ to "t1 & y\r hone/ labor1 to inve/ y\r "w gradually1 9 su* measure & k9d z y\r g5ius c rea*1 ) ! t5d]ness t comes ( love1 & ! my/]y t comes ( p[]4 ,,footnotes #bf ,9 ! cl\ds ar\nd ,m\nt ,s9ai1 9 ! picture ( ! ,gold5 ,calf2 ! smoke turn+ into angels1 9 ! ,c5acolo 9 ,san ,giorgio ,maggiore2 & sev]al o!r su* in/ances4 #bg ,/anfield ,i call a def9]1 z oppos$ to ,copley ,field+1 because1 ?\gh1 l all o!r mod]ns1 he pa9ts cl\d & /orm1 he w g5]ally pa9t all ! ma/s & y>ds ( a %ip1 r ?an m]ely h] black b[s gloom+ ?r\gh ! foam2 & all ! rocks on a hill side1 r ?an ! blue outl9e ( ! hill ?r\gh ! mi/4 #bh ,comp>e1 if at h&1 my lett] 9 ! ,times ( ! #e? ( ,may1 #ahed1 on ,hunt's ,light ( ! ,_w4 ,i extract ! passage be>+ *iefly on ! po9t 9 "q4 ,z f> z reg>ds ! te*nical qualities ( ,mr4 ,hunt's pa9t+1 ,i w\ld only ask ! spectator to obs]ve ?is diff]5ce betwe5 true ,pre-,raphaelite "w & its imitations4 ,! true "w repres5ts all objects exactly z !y w\ld appe> 9 nature1 9 ! position & at ! di/ances :i* ! arrangem5t ( ! picture supposes4 ,! false "w repres5ts !m ) all _! details1 z if se5 ?r\gh a microscope4 ,exam9e closely ! ivy on ! door 9 ,mr4 ,hunt's picture1 & !re w n be f\nd 9 x a s+le cle> outl9e4 ,all is ! mo/ exquisite my/]y ( color2 becom+ reality at its due di/ance4 ,9 l mann]1 exam9e ! small gems on ! robe ( ! figure4 ,n "o w be made out 9 =m1 & yet !re is n "o ( all ^? m9ute po9ts ( gre5 color1 b x has two or ?ree di/9ctly v>i$ %ades ( gre5 9 x1 giv+ its my/]i\s value & lu/re4 ,! spuri\s imitations ( ,pre-,raphaelite "w repres5t ! mo/ m9ute leaves & o!r objects ) %>p outl9es1 b ) no v>iety ( color1 & ) none ( ! concealm5t1 none ( ! inf9ity ( nature4 #bi ,travels ?r\gh ! ,alps1 *ap4 viii4 #cj ,reynolds is usually admir$ = 8 da% & spe$4 ,8 true m]it is 9 an ineffable subtlety comb9$ ) 8 spe$4 ,! t5d]ness ( "s ( ,reynolds' t\*es is q beyond tell+4 #ca ,especially 9 di/9ction ( species ( ?+s4 ,x may be d\btful :e!r 9 a great picture we are to repres5t ! bloom ^u a grape1 b nev] d\btful t we are to pa9t a grape s z to be kn[n f a *]ry4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,( ,,turn]ian ,,my/]y3--,,secondly1 ,,wilful4 #a4 ,9 ! prec$+ *apt] we 7 conc]n$ only ) ! my/]y necess>y 9 all great art4 ,we h yet to inquire into ! nature ( t m special love ( concealm5t 9 :i* ,turn] is ! lead+ repres5tative ( mod]n cl\d-wor%ip2 caus+ ,dr4 ,waag5 sapi5tly to rem>k t he _h "h succe$$ 9 comb9+ a crude pa9t$ m$ley ) a g5]al foggy appe>ance4#cb ,z1 = def5ce ( 8 univ]sal indi/9ctness1 my appeal 0 9 ! la/ *apt] to univ]sal fact1 s1 = def5ce ( ?is special indi/9ctness1 my fir/ appeal is 9 ?is *apt] to special fact4 ,an ,engli% pa9t] ju/ifiably loves fog1 because he is born 9 a foggy c\ntry2 z an ,italian pa9t] ju/ifiably loves cle>ness1 because he is born 9 a comp>atively cle> c\ntry4 ,i h he>d a travell] famili> ) ! ,ea/ compla9 ( ! effect 9 a picture ( ,copley ,field+'s1 t x 0 su* v bad wea!r4 ,b x ought n to be bad wea!r to ! ,engli%4 ,our gre5 c\ntry dep5ds = its life on ^? k9dly ra9s & float+ swirls ( cl\d2 we ought1 !re=e1 to love !m & to pa9t !m4 #b4 ,b !re is no ne$ to re/ my def5ce on ?is n>r[ ,engli% gr\nd4 ,! fact is1 t ?\gh ! climates ( ! ,s\? & ,ea/ may be comp>atively cle>1 !y are no m absolutely cle> ?an our own nor!rn air2 & t :]ev] a l&scape-pa9t] is plac$1 if he pa9ts fai?fully1 he w h cont9ually to pa9t effects ( mi/4 ,int5se cle>ness1 :e!r 9 ! ,nor? aft] or be=e ra91 or 9 "s mom5ts ( twilight 9 ! ,s\?1 is always1 z f> z ,i am acqua9t$ ) natural ph5om5a1 a notable ?+4 ,mi/ ( "s sort1 or mirage1 or confusion ( light1 or ( cl\d1 are ! g5]al facts2 ! di/ance may v>y 9 diff]5t climates at :i* ! effects ( mi/ beg91 b !y are always pres5t2 & !re=e1 9 all probability x is meant t we %\ld enjoy !m4 #c4 ,nor does x seem to me 9 any wise difficult to und]/& :y !y %\ld be ?us appo9t$ = enjoym5t4 ,9 =m] p>ts ( ?is "w we 7 able to trace a c]ta9 delightfulness 9 e visible feature ( natural ?+s :i* 0 typical ( any great spiritual tru?2 surely1 !re=e1 we ne$ n wond] n[1 t mi/ & all its ph5om5a h be5 made delightful to u1 s9ce our happ9ess z ?9k+ be+s mu/ dep5d on our be+ cont5t to accept only p>tial k1 ev5 9 ^? matt]s :i* *iefly conc]n u4 ,if we insi/ ^u p]fect intelligibility & complete decl>ation 9 e moral subject1 we %all in/antly fall into mis]y ( unbelief4 ,our :ole happ9ess & p[] ( en]getic action dep5d ^u our be+ able to brea! & live 9 ! cl\d2 cont5t to see x op5+ "h & clos+ !re2 rejoic+ to cat*1 ?r\gh ! ?9ne/ films ( x1 glimpses ( /able & sub/antial ?+s2 b yet p]ceiv+ a nobl5ess ev5 9 ! concealm5t1 & rejoic+ t ! k9dly veil is spread :]e ! untemp]$ light might h scor*$ u1 or ! inf9ite cle>ness we>i$4 #d4 ,& ,i believe t ! res5tm5t ( ?is int]f]5ce ( ! mi/ is "o ( ! =ms ( pr\d error :i* are too easily mi/ak5 = virtues4 ,to be cont5t 9 utt] d>kness & ignorance is inde$ unmanly1 & !re=e we ?9k t to love light & seek k mu/ always be "r4 ,yet 7z 9 all matt]s be=e obs]v$17 :]ev] pride has any %>e 9 ! "w1 ev5 k & light may be ill pursu$4 ,k is good1 & light is good1 yet man p]i%$ 9 seek+ k1 & mo?s p]i%$ 9 seek+ light2 & if we1 :o are cru%$ be=e ! mo?1 w n accept su* my/]y z is ne$ful = u1 we %all p]i% 9 l mann]4 ,b1 accept$ 9 humbl5ess1 x in/antly becomes an elem5t ( pleasure2 & ,i ?9k t e rightly con/itut$ m9d ought to rejoice1 n s mu* 9 kn[+ any?+ cle>ly1 z 9 feel+ t !re is inf9itely m :i* x _c "k4 ,none b pr\d or weak m5 w\ld m\rn ov] ?is1 = we may always "k m if we *oose1 by work+ on2 b ! pleasure is1 ,i ?9k1 to humble p1 9 kn[+ t ! j\rney is endless1 ! treasure inexhau/ible1--wat*+ ! cl\d /ill m>* be=e !m ) its summitless pill>1 & be+ sure t1 to ! end ( "t & to ! l5g? ( et]nity1 ! my/]ies ( its inf9ity w /ill op5 f>!r & f>!r1 _! dimness be+ ! sign & necess>y adjunct ( _! inexhau/ibl5ess4 ,i "k !re are an evil my/]y & a dea?ful dimness1--! my/]y ( ! great ,babylon--! dimness ( ! seal$ eye & s\l2 b d n let u confuse ^! ) ! glori\s my/]y ( ! ?+s :i* ! angels desire to look into1 or ) ! dimness :i*1 ev5 be=e ! cle> eye & op5 s\l1 /ill re/s on seal$ pages ( ! et]nal volume4 #e4 ,& go+ d[n f ?is great tru? to ! l[] tru?s :i* are types ( x 9 small] matt]s1 we %all f9d1 t z soon z p try hone/ly to see all !y c ( any?+1 !y come to a po9t :]e a noble dimness beg9s4 ,!y see m ?an o!rs2 b ! consequ5ce ( _! see+ m is1 t !y feel !y _c see all2 & ! m int5se _! p]ception1 ! m ! cr[d ( ?+s :i* !y p>tly see w multiply ^u !m2 & _! delight may at la/ pr9cipally consi/ 9 dwell+ on ?is cl\dy "p ( _! prospect1 some:at ca/+ away or aside :at to !m has become comp>atively common1 b is p]haps ! sum & sub/ance ( all t o!r p see 9 ! ?+1 = ! utmo/ subtleties & %ad[s & glanc+s ( x _c be caught b by ! mo/ practis$ vision4 ,& z a delicate e> rejoices 9 ! slight] & m modulat$ passages ( s\nd :i* to a blunt e> are utt]ly monoton\s 9 _! quietness1 or un9telligible 9 _! complication1 s1 :5 ! eye is exquisitely ke5 & cle>1 x is fa9 to re/ on grey films ( %ade1 & w&]+ rays ( light1 & intricacies ( t5d] =m1 pass+ ov] ha/ily1 z unwor?y or commonplace1 :at to a less educat$ s5se appe>s ! :ole ( ! subject4#cc ,9 pa9t+1 ?is progress ( ! eye is m>k$ always by "o consi/5t sign--its s5sibility1 namely1 to effects ( gradation 9 light & color1 & habit ( look+ = !m1 r ev5 ?an = ! signs ( ! ess5ce ( ! subject4 ,x w1 inde$1 see m ( t ess5ce ?an is se5 by o!r eyes2 & its *oice ( ! po9ts to be seiz$ ^u w be always regulat$ by t special sympa?y :i* we h above exam9$ z ! motive ( ! ,turn]ian picturesque2 b yet1 ! m x is cultivat$1 ! m ( light & color x w p]ceive1 ! less ( sub/ance4 ,illu/ration3 ,j4 ,rusk94 #a #b #c #d #bf4 ,! ,law ( ,evanesc5ce4 #f4 ,?us1 :5 ! eye is q uncultivat$1 x sees t a man is a man1 & a face is a face1 b has no idea :at %ad[s or lights fall ^u ! =m or features4 ,cultivate x to "s degree ( arti/ic p[]1 & x w !n see %ad[s di/9ctly1 b only ! m vigor\s ( !m4 ,cultivate x /ill f>!r1 & x w see light )9 light1 & %ad[ )9 %ad[1 & w cont9ually refuse to re/ 9 :at x _h already discov]$1 t x may pursue :at is m remov$ & m subtle1 until at la/ x comes to give its *ief att5tion & display its *ief p[] on gradations :i* to an untra9$ faculty are p>tly matt]s ( indiff]5ce1 & p>tly imp]ceptible4 ,t ^! subtle gradations h inde$ become matt]s ( primal importance to x1 may be asc]ta9$ by obs]v+ t !y are ! ?+s x w la/ "p )1 z ! object retires into di/ance2 & t1 ?\gh ?is di/ance may become s great z to r5d] ! real nature ( ! object q undisc]nible1 ! gradations ( light ^u x w n be lo/4 #g4 ,= in/ance1 ,fig4 #a1 on ! opposite page1 ,plate #bf1 is a tol]ably fai?ful r5d]+ ( ! look ( a wall t[] ( a ,swiss t[n z x w\ld be se5 )9 "s hundr$ y>ds ( x4 ,fig4 #b is 7z ne>ly z ,i c r5d] x7 a facsimile ( ,turn]'s actual draw+ ( ?is t[]1 at a presum$ di/ance ( ab\t half a mile4 ,x has f> less ( intelligible del9eation1 ei!r ( w9d[s1 cornices1 or tiles2 b int5se c>e has /ill be5 giv5 to get ! pe>ly r\ndness ( ! side1 & ! exact relations ( all ! tones ( %ade4 ,& n[1 if ,turn] wants to remove ! t[] /ill f>!r back1 he w gradually let ! w9d[s & /ones all disappe> toge!r1 be=e he w quit 8 %ad[s & delicately c5traliz$ rays4 ,at ,fig4 #c ! t[] is ne>ly gone1 b ! pe>ly r\ndness ( x & pr9cipal lights ( x are !re /ill4 ,at ,fig4 #d 7,turn]'s ultimate condition 9 di/ance7 ! ess5ce ( ! ?+ is q un9telligible2 we _c answ] = its be+ a t[] at all4 ,b ! gradations ( light are /ill !re1 & z mu* pa9s h be5 tak5 to get !m z 9 any ( ! o!r in/ances4 ,a vulg> arti/ w\ld h kept some?+ ( ! =m ( ! t[]1 express+ x by a few t\*es2 & p w\ld call x a clev] draw+4 ,turn] lets ! t[] melt into air1 b /ill he works half an h\r or s ov] ^? delicate la/ gradations1 :i* p]haps n _m p 9 ,engl& besides himself c fully see1 z n _m p c und]/& ! f9al "w ( a great ma!matician4 ,i assume1 ( c\rse1 9 ?is example1 t ! t[]1 z x gr[s less & less di/9ct1 becomes "p ( ! subject ( a l>g] picture4 ,fig4 #a repres5ts ne>ly :at ,turn]'s treatm5t ( x w\ld be if x 7 ! pr9cipal subject ( a vignette2 & ,fig4 #d 8 treatm5t ( x z an object 9 ! extreme di/ance ( a l>ge oil picture4 ,if at ! same suppos$ di/ance x ent]$ into a small] draw+1 s z to be mu* small] 9 size1 he might get ! gradations ) less tr\ble1 sometimes ev5 by a s+le sweep ( ! bru%2 b "s gradation w\ld assur$ly be reta9$1 ?\gh ! t[] 7 dim9i%$ to ! height ( "o ( ! long lett]s ( ?is type4 #h4 ,b is ,turn] "r 9 do+ ?is8 ,yes4 ,! tru? is inde$ s4 ,if y wat* any object z x fades 9 di/ance1 x w lose gradually its =ce1 its intelligibility1 its anatomy1 its :ole compreh5sible be+2 b x w nev] lose its gradation ( light4 ,up to ! la/ mom5t1 :at light is se5 on x1 feebly glimm]+ & n>r[$ almo/ to a po9t or a l9e1 is /ill full ( *ange4 ,"o "p is bright] ?an ano!r1 & bright] ) z lovely & t5d] increase z x 0 :5 ne>e/ to u2 & at la/1 ?\gh a :ite h\se t5 miles away w be se5 only z a small squ>e spot ( light1 its w9d[s1 doors1 or ro(1 be+ z utt]ly invisible z if !y 7 n 9 exi/5ce1 ! gradation ( its light w n be lo/2 "o "p ( ! spot w be se5 to be bright] ?an ano!r4 #i4 ,is !re n a deep mean+ 9 ?is8 ,we1 9 our daily look+ at ! ?+1 ?9k t its own make is ! mo/ important "p ( x4 ,w9d[s & porticos1 eaves & cornices1 h[ int]e/+ & h[ useful are !y6 ,surely1 ! *ief importance ( ! ?+ is 9 ^!4 ,no2 n 9 ^!2 b 9 ! play ( ! light ( heav5 ^u x4 ,!re is a place & "t :5 all ^? w9d[s & porticos w be lo/ sight (2 :5 ! only "q becomes1 :at light _h x8 ,h[ mu* ( heav5 0 look+ ^u x8 ,:at 7 ! broad relations ( x1 9 light & d>kness1 to ! sky & e>?1 & all ?+s ar\nd x8 ,x might h /range humors & ways ( its own--_m a r5t 9 its wall1 & _m a r\ghness on its ro(2 or x might h _m attractiv5esses & nobl5esses ( its own--fair m\ld+s & gay ornam5ts2 b ! "t comes :5 all ^! are va91 & :5 ! slight1 w&]+ w>m? ( heav5's sun%9e :i* ! build+ itself felt n1 & n "o eye 9 a ?\s& saw1 becomes all 9 all4 ,i leave ! read] to foll[ out ! analogies ( ?is4 #aj4 ,well1 b1 x is /ill object$1 if ?is be s1 :y is x necess>y to insi/1 z y d always1 ^u ! mo/ m9ute & c>eful r5d]+s ( =m8 ,because1 ?\gh ^! gradations ( light are inde$1 z an object dies 9 di/ance1 ! only ?+s x c reta91 yet z x lives its active life ne> u1 ^? v gradations c only be se5 prop]ly by ! effect !y h on its "*4 ,y c only %[ h[ ! light affects ! object1 by kn[+ ?or\ghly :at ! object is2 & noble my/]y diff]s f ignoble1 9 be+ a veil ?r[n betwe5 u & some?+ def9ite1 kn[n1 & sub/antial2 b ! ignoble my/]y is a veil ca/ be=e *aos1 ! /udi\s concealm5t ( ,no?+4 #aa4 ,!re is ev5 a way 9 :i* ! v def9it5ess ( ,turn]'s k adds to ! my/]y ( 8 pictures4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ! fir/ volume ,i _h sev]al times occasion to insi/ on ! s+ul> importance ( ca/ %ad[s1 & ! *ances ( _! sometimes ga9+ supremacy 9 visibility ov] ev5 ! ?+s t ca/ !m4 ,n[ a ca/ %ad[ is a mu* m curi\s ?+ ?an we usually suppose4 ,! /range %apes x gets into--! mann] 9 :i* x /umbles ov] ev]y?+ t comes 9 its way1 & frets itself into all mann] ( fanta/ic s*ism1 tak+ nei!r ! %ape ( ! ?+ t ca/s x1 nor ( t x is ca/ ^u1 b an extraord9>y1 /ret*$1 flatt5$1 fractur$1 ill-jo9t$ anatomy ( its own--_c be imag9$ until "o is actually engag$ 9 %ad[-hunt+4 ,if any ( ^! wayw>d umbr are fai?fully rememb]$ & set d[n by ! pa9t]1 !y ne>ly always h an unacc\ntable look1 q diff]5t f any?+ "o w\ld h inv5t$ or philosophically conjectur$ = a %ad[2 & x con/antly happ5s1 9 ,turn]'s di/ances1 t su* /range pieces ( brok5 %ade1 accurately rememb]$1 or accurately inv5t$1 z ! case may be1 cause a condition ( un9telligibility1 qua9t & emb>rass+ almo/ 9 exact proportion to ! am\nt ( tru? x conta9s4 #ab4 ,i believe ! read] mu/ n[ suffici5tly p]ceive t ! "r ( be+ obscure is n "o to be lightly claim$2 x c only be f\nd$ on long ef=t to be intelligible1 & on ! pres5t p[] ( be+ intelligible to ! exact degree :i* ! nature ( ! ?+ admits4 ,nor %all we1 ,i hope1 any m h difficulty 9 und]/&+ h[ ! noble my/]y & ! ignoble1 ?\gh direct opposites1 are yet cont9ually mi/ak5 = ea* o!r--! la/ ap+ ! fir/2 & ! mo/ wret*$ arti/s tak+ pride 9 "w :i* is simply slurr$1 slov5ly1 ignorant1 empty1 & insol5t1 z if x 7 nobly my/]i\s 7j z a drunk>d :o _c articulate supposes himself oracul>72 :]eas ! noble art-my/]y1 z all noble language-my/]y1 is rea*$ only by int5se labor4 ,/riv+ to speak ) utt]mo/ tru? ( expression1 weigh+ ^w aga9/ ^w1 & wa/+ none1 ! great speak]1 or writ]1 toils fir/ into p]fect intelligibl5ess1 !n1 z he rea*es to high] subject1 & /ill m conc5trat$ & wond]ful utt]ance1 he becomes ambigu\s--z ,dante is ambigu\s1--half a doz5 diff]5t mean+s light5+ out 9 sep>ate rays f e ^w1 &1 "h & !re1 giv+ rise to mu* cont5tion ( critics z to :at ! int5d$ mean+ actually 04 ,b x is no drunk>d's babble = all t1 & ! m5 :o ?9k x s1 at ! ?ird h\r ( ! day1 d n highly honor !mselves 9 ! ?\ght4 #ac4 ,& n[ obs]ve h[ p]fectly ! conclusions arriv$ at "h consi/ ) ^? ( ! ?ird *apt]1 & h[ easily we may und]/& ! mean+ ( t va/ weight ( au?ority :i* we f\nd at fir/ rang$ aga9/ ! cl\ds1 & /rong 9 arms on ! side ( intelligibility4 ,ne>ly all great m5 mu/1 = ! reasons above giv51 be intelligible4 ,ev51 if !y are to be ! greate/1 /ill !y mu/ /ruggle ?r\gh intelligibility to obscurity2 if ( ! second class1 !n ! be/ ?+ !y c d1 all _! lives ?r\gh1 is to be intelligible4 ,!re=e ! enorm\s majority ( all good & true m5 w be cle> m52 & ! drunk>ds1 sophi/s1 & s5suali/s w1 = ! mo/ "p1 s9k back into ! fog-bank1 & rema9 wrapt 9 d>kness1 un9telligibility1 & futility4 ,yet1 "h & !re1 once 9 a c\ple ( c5turies1 "o man w rise pa/ cle>ness1 & become d>k ) excess ( light4 #ad4 ,well1 !n1 y mean to say t ! t5d5cy ( ?is age to g5]al cl\d9ess1 z oppos$ to ! old religi\s cle>ness ( pa9t+1 is "o ( degradation2 b t ,turn] is ?is "o man :o has ris5 pa/ cle>ness8 ,yes4 ,) "s modifications ( ! say+1 ,i mean t2 b ^? modifications w take u a little "t to express accurately4 ,=1 fir/1 x w n d to condemn e m9or pa9t] utt]ly1 ! mom5t we see he is foggy4 ,copley ,field+1 = in/ance1 0 a m9or pa9t]2 b 8 love ( obscurity 9 ra9 cl\ds1 & dew-mi/ on d[ns1 0 g5u9e love1 full ( sweetness & happy aspiration2 &1 9 ?is way1 a little ( ! light ( ! high] my/]y is (t5 caught by ! simple/ m5 :5 !y keep _! he>ts op54 #ae4 ,nei!r w x be "r to set d[n e pa9t] = a great man1 ! mom5t we f9d he is cle>2 = !re is a h>d & vulg> intelligibility ( no?+ness1 j z !re is an ambiguity ( no?+ness4 ,& z (t51 9 conv]sation1 a man :o speaks b badly & indi/9ctly has1 nev]!less1 got mu* to say2 & a man :o speaks boldly & pla9ly may yet say :at is little wor? he>+2 s1 9 pa9t+1 !re are m5 :o c express !mselves b blund]+ly1 & yet h mu* 9 !m to express2 & !re are o!rs :o talk ) great precision1 ^: works are yet v imp]t95t & untru/wor?y ass]tions4 ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds is full ( fogg9ess & %ortcom+s z comp>$ ) ei!r ( ! ,c>accis2 b yet "o ,sir ,jo%ua is wor? all ! ,c>accis 9 ,europe2 & s1 9 our mod]n wat]-color societies1 !re are _m m5 :o def9e cle>ly en\gh1 all ^: works1 put toge!r1 are n wor? a c>eless blot by ,cox or ,b>rett4 #af4 ,let me give "o illu/ration m1 :i* w be also ( "s hi/orical usefulness 9 m>k+ ! relations ( ! cle> & obscure s*ools4 ,we h se51 9 our inve/igation ( ,greek l&scape1 ,hom]'s int5se love ( ! asp5 popl>4 ,= once1 9 honor ( ,hom] & ! ,greeks1 ,i w take an asp5 = ! subject ( comp>ison1 & glance at ! diff]5t modes 9 :i* x w\ld h be51 or 01 repres5t$ f ! e>lie/ to ! pres5t /age ( l&scape art4 ,! e>lie/ mann] :i* comes )9 our field ( exam9ation is t ( ! ?irte5? c5tury4 ,fig4 #a4 ,plate #bg is an asp5 out ( ! wood 9 :i* ,absalom is sla91 f a ,psalt] 9 my own possession1 execut$1 c]ta9ly1 aft] ! ye> #abej1 & be=e #abgb2 ! o!r trees 9 ! wood be+1 fir/1 ( c\rse1 ! oak 9 :i* ,absalom is caught1 & a sycamore4 ,all ^! trees are some:at m conv5tional ?an is ev5 usual at ! p]iod2 ?\gh1 = ?is reason1 ! m *>act]i/ic z examples ( e>lie/ "w4 ,!re is no great botanical accuracy until "s =ty ye>s lat] 7at lea/ 9 pa9t+72 s t ,i _c be q sure1 ! leaf n be+ flat en\gh at ! base1 t ?is tree is meant = an asp53 b x is s 9 all probability2 &1 :e!r x be or n1 s]ves well en\gh to m>k ! def9it5ess & symmetry ( ! old art1--a symmetry :i*1 be x always obs]v$1 is ,,nev] =mal or unbrok54 ,?is tree1 ?\gh x looks =mal en\gh1 bran*es unequally at ! top ( ! /em4 ,b ! l[e/ figure 9 ,plate #g1 ,vol4 ,,iii4 is a bett] example f ! ,,ms4 ,sloane1 #aige1 ,brit4 ,mus4 ,e plant 9 t h]b>ium is drawn ) "s approa* to accuracy1 9 leaf1 root1 & fl[]2 :ile yet all are subject$ to ! /]ne/ conv5tional arrangem5t2 color$ 9 almo/ any way t pleases ! draughtsman1 & set on qua9t gr\nds ( b>r$ color1 l be>+s on %ields2#cd "o side ( ! plant always balanc+ ! o!r1 b nev] )\t "s transgression or escape f ! law ( lik5ess1 z 9 ! heads ( ! cyclam5 fl[]1 & sev]al o!r p>ts ( ?is design4 ,x might seem at fir/1 t ! root 0 m c>elessly drawn ?an ! re/1 & ugli] 9 color2 b ?is is 9 pure consci5ti\sness4 ,! workman knew t a root 0 ugly & e>?y2 he w\ld n make x ornam5tal & delicate4 ,he w\ld sacrifice 8 pleasant colors & graceful l9es at once = ! radical fact2 & r spoil 8 page ?an flatt] a fibre4 ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,anci5t1 or ,giottesque4 #d4 ,mod]n or ,blottesque4 #b4 ,puri/4 #e4 ,con/ablesque4 #c4 ,turn]esque4 #f4 ,h>d+esque4 #bg4 ,! ,asp51 "u ,idealization4 ,illu/ration3 #bh4 ,asp51 ,unidealiz$4 #ag4 ,"h1 !n1 we h ! fir/ m$ival condition ( art1 consi/+ 9 a f5c$1 b v>i$1 symmetry2 a p]fect def9it5ess2 & a love ( nature1 m or less int]f]$ ) by conv5tionalism & imp]fect k4 ,fig4 #b 9 ,plate #bg repres5ts ! next condition ( m$ival art1 9 :i* ! ef=t at imitation is cont5d+ ) ! conv5tional type4 ,?is asp5 is f ! ,,ms4 ,cotton1 ,augu/us1 ,a4 #e1 f :i* ,i h already tak5 an example ( rocks to comp>e ) ,leon>do's4 ,!re c be no d\bt "h ab\t ! species ( ! tree int5d$1 z ?r\gh\t ! ,,ms4 its illum9ator has c>efully di/+ui%$ ! oak1 ! will[1 & ! asp52 & ?is example1 ?\gh s small 7x is engrav$ ( ! actual size71 is v *>act]i/ic ( ! asp5 ramification2 & 9 "o po9t1 ( ramification 9 g5]al1 namely1 ! division ( ! tree into two masses1 ea* bran*+ outw>ds1 n across ea* o!r4 ,:5ev] a tree divides at fir/ into two or ?ree ne>ly equal ma9 bran*es1 ! second>y bran*es always spr+ f ! outside ( ! divid$ ones1 j z1 :5 a tree gr[s "u a rock or wall1 x %oots away f x1 nev] t[>ds x4 ,! beautiful results ( ?is arrangem5t we %all trace 9 ! next volume2 meantime1 9 ! next ,plate 7#bh7 ,i h drawn ! ma9#ce ramifications ( a real asp51 gr[+ freely1 b 9 a %elt]$ place1 z f> z may be necess>y to illu/rate ! po9t 9 "q4 #ah4 ,?is example1 ,fig4 #b 9 ,plate #bg is suffici5tly *>act]i/ic ( ! puri/ m$ival l&scape1 ?\gh !re is some:at m lean+ to naturalism ?an is usual at ! p]iod4 ,! next example1 ,fig4 #c1 is f ,turn]'s vignette ( ,/4 ,anne's ,hill 7,rog]s's ,poems1 p4 #bad74 ,turn] almo/ always gr\ps 8 trees1 s t ,i h _h difficulty 9 f9d+ "o on a small scale & isolat$1 :i* w\ld be *>act]i/ic ( him2 nor is ?is "o completely s1 = ,i _h no access to ! orig9al vignette1 x be+1 ,i believe1 among ! draw+s t h be5 kept f ! public1 n[ ^! f\r ye>s1 because ! ,*anc]y lawy]s d n *oose to det]m9e ! mean+ ( ,turn]'s p]fectly intelligible1 ?\gh in=mal1 w2 & ,mr4 ,goodall's engrav+1 :i* ,i h copi$1 ?\gh "r 9 _m respects1 is n repres5tative ( ! dott$ t\* by :i* ,turn] express$ ! asp5 foliage4 ,i h n1 h[ev]1 v5tur$ to alt] x1 except only by add+ ! extremities :]e !y 7 hidd5 9 ! vignette by ! trelliswork above4 ,! pr9cipal diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,turn]ian asp5 & ! puri/ asp5 is1 x w be se51 9 ! expression ( lightness & confusion ( foliage1 & r\ndness ( ! tree z a mass2 :ile ! puri/ tree1 l ! ?irte5? c5tury "o1 is /ill flat4 ,all attempt at ! expression ( individual leaves is n[ gone1 ! tree be+ too f> (f to ju/ify _! del9eation2 b ! direction ( ! light1 & its gradations1 are c>efully /udi$4 #ai4 ,fig4 #f is a tol]able facsimile#cf ( a little *alk sket* ( ,h>d+'s2 q inimitable 9 ! quantity ( life & tru? obta9$ by ab\t a qu>t] ( a m9ute's "w2 b beg9n+ to %[ ! faulty vagu5ess & c>elessness ( mod]nism4 ,! /ems1 ?\gh beautifully free1 are n ?or\ghly drawn or r\nd$2 & 9 ! mass ( ! tree1 ?\gh well =m$1 ! tremul\sness & transp>5cy ( leafage are lo/4 ,nor is x possible1 by ,h>d+'s mann] ( draw+1 to express su* ultimate tru?s2 8 execution1 :i*1 9 its way1 no "o c at all equal 7! be/ *alk draw+ ( ,calame & o!r =eign ma/]s be+ q *ildi% & feeble 9 comp>ison71 is yet /]nly limit$ 9 its rea*1 be+ orig9ally bas$ on ! assumption t no?+ is to be delicately drawn1 & t ! me?od is only good :i* insures speci\s incompletion4 ,x w be obs]v$1 also1 t !re is a lean+ fir/ to "o side1 !n to ! o!r1 9 ,h>d+'s asp51 :i* m>ks ! wild picturesqu5ess ( mod]nism z oppos$ to ! quiet b /iff dignity ( ! puri/ 7,fig4 #b72 ,turn] occupy+ exactly ! int]m$iate place4 ,! next example 7,fig4 #e7 is an asp5 ( ,con/able's1 on ! left 9 ! frontispiece to ,mr4 ,leslie's life ( him4 ,"h we h arriv$ at ! po9t ( total wor?lessness1 ! tree be+ z flat z ! old puri/ "o1 b1 besides1 :olly false 9 ramification1 idle1 & undef9$ 9 e respect2 x be+1 h[ev]1 j possible /ill to disc]n :at ! tree is meant =1 & !re=e1 ! type ( ! wor/ mod]nism n be+ completely e/abli%$4 #bj4 ,fig4 #d e/abli%es ?is type1 be+ ! ord9>y condition ( tree treatm5t 9 our blott$ wat]-color draw+s2 ! nature ( ! tree be+ entirely lo/ sight (1 & no accurate k1 ( any k9d1 possess$ or communicat$4 ,?us1 f ! extreme ( def9it5ess & light1 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury 7! middle ( ! ,d>k ,ages671 we pass to ! extreme ( unc]ta9ty & d>kness1 9 ! middle ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,z1 h[ev]1 ! def9ite m$ival "w has "s faults1 s ! indef9ite mod]n "w has "s virtues1 its v unc]ta9ty enabl+ x to appeal pleasantly to ! imag9ation 7?\gh 9 an inky mann]1 z describ$ above1 ,vol4 ,,iii4 ,*ap4 x4 #aj71 & sometimes secur+ qualities ( color :i* c\ld no o!rwise be obta9$4 ,x ought1 h[ev]1 if we w\ld det]m9e its true /&+1 to be comp>$1 n ) ! some:at =c$ & n>r[ decision ( ! ?irte5? c5tury1 b ) ! p]fect & well-in=m$ decision ( ,alb]t ,dur] & 8 fell[-workm54 ,= ! prop] repres5tation ( ^! !re 0 no room 9 ?is plate2 s1 9 ,plate #be1 above1 on ea* side ( ! dagu]reotyp$ t[]s ( ,frib\rg1 ,i h giv51 ,fig4 #a1 a ,dur]esque1 & ,fig4 #c1 a ,blottesque1 v]sion ( ! int]m$iate wall4 ,! latt] v]sion may1 p]haps1 be felt to h "s pleasantness 9 its app>5t ease2 & x has a practical advantage1 9 its capability ( be+ execut$ 9 a qu>t] ( a m9ute1 :ile ! ,dur]esque /atem5t _c be made 9 less ?an a qu>t] ( an h\r4 ,b ! latt] embraces n only z mu* z is wor? ! extra "t1 b ev5 an inf9ite ( cont5ts1 beyond & above ! o!r1 = ! o!r is 9 no s+le place cle> 9 its ass]tion ( any?+2 :]eas ! ,dur]esque "w1 ass]t+ cle>ly _m mo/ int]e/+ facts ab\t ! grass on ! l$ges1 ! bricks ( ! w9d[s1 & ! gr[? ( ! foliage1 is =ev] a useful & tru/wor?y record2 ! o!r =ev] an empty dream4 ,if x is a beautiful dream1 full ( lovely color & good composition1 we w n qu>rel ) x2 b x c nev] be s1 unless x is f\nd$ fir/ on ! ,dur]esque k1 & sugge/ive ( x1 ?r\gh all its own my/]y or incompletion4 ,s t by all /ud5ts ! ,dur]esque is ! mann] to be fir/ adopt$1 & calmly cont9u$ z long z possible2 & if _! inv5tive in/9cts d n1 9 aft] life1 =ce !m to swift] or m cl\dy execution1--if at any "t x becomes a matt] ( d\bt ) !m h[ f> to surr5d] _! gift ( accuracy1--let !m be assur$ t x is be/ always to err on ! side ( cle>ness2 to live 9 ! illum9ation ( ! ?irte5? c5tury r ?an ! my/icism ( ! n9ete5?1 & v[ !mselves to ! cloi/] r ?an to lose !mselves 9 ! des]t4 #ba4 ,i am afraid ! read] mu/ be tir$ ( ?is matt]2 & yet !re is "o "q m :i* ,i mu/ = a mom5t t\* ^u1 9 conclusion1 namely1 ! my/]y ( cle>ness itself4 ,9 an ,italian twilight1 :51 sixty or eighty miles away1 ! ridge ( ! ,we/]n ,alps rises 9 its d>k & s]rat$ blue aga9/ ! cry/all9e v]milion1 !re is /ill unse>*abl5ess1 b an unse>*abl5ess )\t cl\d or concealm5t1--an inf9ite unkn[n1 b no s5se ( any veil or int]f]5ce betwe5 u & x3 we are sep>at$ f x n by any ang] or /orm1 n by any va9 & fad+ vapor1 b only by ! deep inf9ity ( ! ?+ itself4 ,i f9d t ! great religi\s pa9t]s rejoic$ 9 t k9d ( unkn[abl5ess1 & 9 t only2 & ,i feel t ev5 if !y _h _h all ! p[] to d s1 /ill !y w\ld n h put rosy mi/s & blue %ad[s beh9d _! sacr$ figures1 b only ! f>-away sky & cl\dless m\nta9s4 ,probably ! "r conclusion is t ! cle> & cl\dy my/]ies are alike noble2 b t ! beauty ( ! wrea?s ( fro/ mi/1 fold$ ov] banks ( gre5sw>d deep 9 dew1 & ( ! purple cl\ds ( ev5+1 & ! wrea?s ( fitful vapor glid+ ?r\gh groves ( p9e1 & iris$ ar\nd ! pill>s ( wat]falls1 is m or less typical ( ! k9d ( joy :i* we %\ld take 9 ! imp]fect k grant$ to ! e>?ly life1 :ile ! s]5e & cl\dless my/]ies set =? t belong+ to ! r$eem$ life4 ,b ( "o ?+ ,i am well assur$1 t s f> z ! cl\ds are reg>d$1 n z conceal+ ! tru? ( o!r ?+s1 b z !mselves true & sep>ate creations1 !y are n usually beheld by u ) en\gh honor2 we h too great v5]ation = cl\dlessness4 ,my reasons = ?9k+ ?is ,i w give 9 ! next *apt]2 "h we h1 ,i believe1 exam9$ z f> z necess>y1 ! g5]al pr9ciples on :i* ,turn] work$1 & ju/ifi$ 8 adoption ( !m s f> z !y contradict$ prec$+ practice4 ,x rema9s = u to trace1 ) m obs]vant pati5ce1 ! gr\nd :i* 0 m>k$ out 9 ! fir/ volume2 &1 :]eas 9 t volume we ha/ily comp>$ ! tru? ( ,turn] ) t ( prec$+ l&scapi/s1 we %all n[1 z closely z possible1 exam9e ! range ( :at he himself has done & felt1 & ! way 9 :i* x is likely to influ5ce ! future acts & ?\ghts ( m54 #bb4 ,& ,i %all attempt to d ?is1 fir/1 by exam9+ :at ! real effect ( ! ?+s pa9t$--cl\ds1 or m\nta9s1 or :atev] else !y may be--is1 or ought to be1 9 g5]al1 on m5's m9ds1 %[+ ! gr\nds ( _! beauty or impressiv5ess z be/ ,i c2 & !n exam9+ h[ f> ,turn] seems to h und]/ood ^! reasons ( beauty1 & h[ f> 8 "w int]prets1 or c take ! place ( nature4 ,b 9 do+ ?is1 ,i %all1 = ! sake ( conv5i5ce1 alt] ! arrangem5t :i* ,i foll[$ 9 ! fir/ volume2 & in/ead ( exam9+ ! sky fir/1 treat ( x la/2 because1 9 _m illu/rations :i* ,i mu/ give ( o!r ?+s1 ,i %all h to introduce pieces ( sky backgr\nd :i* w all be useful = ref]5ce :5 ,i c turn back to !m f ! end ( ! book1 b :i* ,i c\ld n ref] to 9 advance )\t anticipat+ all my o!r illu/rations4 ,nev]!less1 "s po9ts :i* ,i h to note respect+ ! mean+ ( ! sky are s intimately connect$ ) ! subjects we h j be5 exam9+1 t ,i _c prop]ly def] _! consid]ation to ano!r place2 & ,i %all /ate !m1 !re=e1 9 ! next *apt]1 aft]w>ds proce$+1 9 ! ord] ,i adopt$ 9 ! fir/ volume1 to exam9e ! beauty ( m\nta9s1 wat]1 & vegetation4 ,,footnotes #cb ,art & ,arti/s 9 ,engl&1 vol4 ii41 p4 #aea4 ,! o!r *>act]i/ics :i* ,dr4 ,waag5 discov]s 9 ,turn] are1 su* a loos5ess ( treatm5t1 su* a total want ( tru?1 z ,i nev] be=e met )4 #cc ,& yet1 all ^! intricacies w produce = x ano!r :ole2 z simple & natural z ! *ild's fir/ conception ( ! ?+2 only m compreh5sive4 ,see above1 ,*ap4 ,,iii41 #ba4 #cd ,comp>e ,vol4 ,,iii4 ,*ap4 ,,xiv4 #ac4 ,t\*+ ! exact degree 9 :i* ignorance or incapacity is m+l$ ) wilful conv5tionalism 9 ?is draw+1 we %all inquire 9 ! *apt]s on ,vegetation4 #ce ,only ! ma9 l9es3 ! out] sprays h _h no pa9s tak5 ) !m1 z ,i am go+ to put "s leaves on !m 9 next volume4 #cf ,x is q impossible to facsimile good free "w4 ,bo? ,turn] & ,h>d+ suff] griev\sly 9 ?is plate4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,! ,,firmam5t4 #a4 ,! task :i* we n[ ent] ^u1 z expla9$ 9 ! close ( ! prec$+ *apt]1 is ! asc]ta9+ z f> z possible :at ! prop] effect ( ! natural beauty ( diff]5t objects ought to be on ! human m9d1 & ! degree 9 :i* ?is nature ( !irs1 & true influ5ce1 h be5 und]/ood & transmitt$ by ,turn]4 ,i mean to beg9 ) ! m\nta9s1 = ! sake ( conv5i5ce 9 illu/ration2 b1 9 ! prop] ord] ( ?\ght1 ! cl\ds ought to be consid]$ fir/2 & ,i ?9k x w be well1 9 ?is int]m$iate *apt]1 to br+ to a close t l9e ( reason+ by :i* we h gradually1 z ,i hope1 /r5g!n$ ! def5ces ar\nd ! love ( my/]y :i* di/+ui%es our mod]n art2 & to %[1 on f9al & conclusive au?ority1 :at noble ?+s ^! cl\ds are1 & ) :at feel+ x seems to be int5d$ by _! ,creator t we %\ld contemplate !m4 #b4 ,! acc\nt giv5 ( ! /ages ( ,creation 9 ! fir/ *apt] ( ,g5esis1 is 9 e respect cle> & intelligible to ! simple/ read]1 except 9 ! /atem5t ( ! "w ( ! second day4 ,i suppose t ?is /atem5t is pass$ ov] by c>eless read]s )\t an endeavor to und]/& x2 & contemplat$ by simple & fai?ful read]s z a sublime my/]y1 :i* 0 n int5d$ to be und]/ood4 ,b !re is no my/]y 9 any o!r "p ( ! *apt]1 & x seems to me unju/ to conclude t any 0 int5d$ "h4 ,& ! passage ought to be peculi>ly int]e/+ to u1 z be+ ! fir/ 9 ! ,bible 9 :i* ! heav5s are nam$1 & ! only "o 9 :i* ! ^w ,heav51 all important z t ^w is to our und]/&+ ( ! mo/ preci\s promises ( ,scripture1 receives a def9ite explanation4 ,let u1 !re=e1 see :e!r1 by a little c>eful comp>ison ( ! v]se ) o!r passages 9 :i* ! ^w occurs1 we may n be able to arrive at z cle> an und]/&+ ( ?is portion ( ! *apt] z ( ! re/4 #c4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! ,engli% ^w ,firmam5t itself is obscure & useless2 because we nev] employ x b z a synonym ( heav52 x conveys no o!r di/9ct idea to u2 & ! v]se1 ?\gh f our famili>ity ) x we imag9e t x possesses mean+1 has 9 reality no m po9t or value ?an if x 7 writt51 ,god said let !re be a some?+ 9 ! mid/ ( ! wat]s1 & ,god call$ ! some?+ ,heav54 ,b ! m>g9al read+1 ,expansion1 has def9ite value2 & ! /atem5t t ,god said1 let !re be an expansion 9 ! mid/ ( ! wat]s1 & ,god call$ ! expansion ,heav51 has an appreh5sible mean+4 #d4 ,accept+ ?is expression z ! "o int5d$1 we h next to ask :at expansion !re is1 betwe5 two wat]s1 describable by ! t]m ,heav54 ,milton adopts ! t]m expanse2#cg b he und]/&s x ( ! :ole volume ( ! air :i* surr\nds ! e>?4 ,:]eas1 s f> z we c tell1 !re is no wat] beyond ! air1 9 ! fields ( space2 & ! :ole expression ( division ( wat]s f wat]s is ?us r5d]$ valueless4 #e4 ,n[1 ) respect to ?is :ole *apt]1 we mu/ rememb] always t x is int5d$ = ! in/ruction ( all mank9d1 n = ! le>n$ read] only2 & t1 !re=e1 ! mo/ simple & natural int]pretation is ! likelie/ 9 g5]al to be ! true "o4 ,an unsci5tific read] kn[s little ab\t ! mann] 9 :i* ! volume ( ! atmosph]e surr\nds ! e>?2 b ,i imag9e t he c\ld h>dly glance at ! sky :5 ra9 0 fall+ 9 ! di/ance1 & see ! level l9e ( ! bases ( ! cl\ds f :i* ! %[] desc5d$1 )\t be+ able to atta* an in/ant & easy mean+ to ! words ,expansion 9 ! mid/ ( ! wat]s4 ,& if1 hav+ once seiz$ ?is idea1 he proce$$ to exam9e x m accurately1 he w\ld p]ceive at once1 if he _h ev] notic$ any?+ ( ! nature ( cl\ds1 t ! level l9e ( _! bases did inde$ mo/ sev]ely & /r+5tly divide wat]s f wat]s1 t is to say1 divide wat] 9 its collective & tangible /ate1 f wat] 9 its divid$ & a]ial /ate2 or ! wat]s :i* fall & fl[1 f ^? :i* rise & float4 ,next1 if we try ?is int]pretation 9 ! !ological s5se ( ! ^w ,heav51 & exam9e :e!r ! cl\ds are spok5 ( z ,god's dwell+ place1 we f9d ,god go+ be=e ! ,israelites 9 a pill> ( cl\d2 reveal+ ,himself 9 a cl\d on ,s9ai2 appe>+ 9 a cl\d on ! m]cy seat1 fill+ ! ,temple ( ,solomon ) ! cl\d :5 its d$ication is accept$2 appe>+ 9 a great cl\d to ,ezekiel2 asc5d+ into a cl\d be=e ! eyes ( ! disciples on ,m\nt ,olivet2 & 9 l mann] return+ to ,judgm5t4 ,behold1 he come? ) cl\ds1 & e eye %all see him4 ,!n %all !y see ! son ( man com+ 9 ! cl\ds ( heav51 ) p[] & great glory4#ch ,:ile f>!r1 ! cl\ds & heav5s are us$ z int]*angeable words 9 ^? ,psalms :i* mo/ di/9ctly set =? ! p[] ( ,god3 ,he b[$ ! heav5s also1 & came d[n2 he made d>kness pavilions r\nd ab\t him1 d>k wat]s1 & ?ick cl\ds ( ! skies4 ,&1 aga93 ,?y m]cy1 oh ,"l1 is 9 ! heav5s1 & ?y fai?fulness rea*e? unto ! cl\ds4 ,&1 aga93 ,8 excell5cy is ov] ,israel1 & 8 /r5g? is 9 ! cl\ds4 ,aga93 ,! cl\ds p\r$ out wat]1 ! skies s5t out a s\nd1 ! voice ( ?y ?und] 0 9 ! heav54 ,aga93 ,cl\ds & d>kness are r\nd ab\t him1 righte\sness & judgm5t are ! habitation ( 8 ?rone2 ! heav5s decl>e 8 righte\sness1 & all ! p see 8 glory4 #f4 ,9 all ^! passages ! mean+ is unmi/akable1 if !y possess def9ite mean+ at all4 ,we are too apt to take !m m]ely = sublime & vague imag]y1 & !re=e gradually to lose ! appreh5sion ( _! life & p[]4 ,! expression1 ,he b[$ ! ,heav5s1 = in/ance1 is1 ,i suppose1 receiv$ by mo/ read]s z a magnific5t hyp]bole1 hav+ ref]5ce to "s peculi> & fe>ful manife/ation ( ,god's p[] to ! writ] ( ! ,psalm 9 :i* ! words occur4 ,b ! expression ei!r has pla9 mean+1 or x has no mean+4 ,und]/& by ! t]m ,heav5s ! compass ( inf9ite space ar\nd ! e>?1 & ! expression1 b[$ ! ,heav5s1 h[ev] sublime1 is :olly )\t mean+2 inf9ite space _c be b5t or b[$4 ,b und]/& by ! ,heav5s ! veil ( cl\ds above ! e>?1 & ! expression is nei!r hyp]bolical nor obscure2 x is pure1 pla91 & accurate tru?1 & x describes ,god1 n z reveal+ ,himself 9 any peculi> way to ,david1 b do+ :at he is /ill do+ be=e our own eyes day by day4 ,by accept+ ! words 9 _! simple s5se1 we are ?us l$ to appreh5d ! imm$iate pres5ce ( ! ,deity1 & ,8 purpose ( manife/+ ,himself z ne> u :5ev] ! /orm-cl\d /oops ^u its c\rse2 :ile by our vague & inaccurate acceptance ( ! words we remove ! idea ( ,8 pres5ce f> f u1 into a region :i* we c nei!r see nor "k2 & gradually1 f ! close realization ( a liv+ ,god :o make? ! cl\ds 8 *>iot1 we ref9e & expla9 ourselves into dim & di/ant suspicion ( an inactive ,god1 inhabit+ inconceivable places1 & fad+ into ! multitud9\s =malisms ( ! laws ( ,nature4 #g4 ,all errors ( ?is k9d--& 9 ! pres5t day we are 9 con/ant & griev\s dang] ( fall+ into !m--arise f ! orig9ally mi/ak5 idea t man c1 by se>*+1 f9d out ,god--f9d out ! ,almighty to p]fection2 t is to say by help ( c\rses ( reason+ & accumulations ( sci5ce1 appreh5d ! nature ( ! ,deity 9 a m exalt$ & m accurate mann] ?an 9 a /ate ( comp>ative ignorance2 :]eas x is cle>ly necess>y1 f ! beg9n+ to ! end ( "t1 t ,god's way ( reveal+ ,himself to ,8 creatures %\ld be a simple way1 :i* all ^? creatures may und]/&4 ,:e!r taught or untaught1 :e!r ( mean capacity or enl>g$1 x is necess>y t communion ) _! ,creator %\ld be possible to all2 & ! admission to su* communion mu/ be re/$1 n on _! hav+ a k ( a/ronomy1 b on _! hav+ a human s\l4 ,9 ord] to r5d] ?is communion possible1 ! ,deity has /oop$ f ,8 ?rone1 & has n only1 9 ! p]son ( ! ,son1 tak5 ^u ,him ! veil ( our human fle%1 b1 9 ! p]son ( ! ,fa!r1 tak5 ^u ,him ! veil ( our human ?\ghts1 & p]mitt$ u1 by ,8 own spok5 au?ority1 to conceive ,him simply & cle>ly z a lov+ ,fa!r & ,fri5d2--a be+ to be walk$ ) & reason$ )2 to be mov$ by our entreaties1 ang]$ by our rebellion1 ali5at$ by our coldness1 pleas$ by our love1 & glorifi$ by our labor2 &1 f9ally1 to be beheld 9 imm$iate & active pres5ce 9 all ! p[]s & *anges ( creation4 ,?is conception ( ,god1 :i* is ! *ild's1 is evid5tly ! only "o :i* c be univ]sal1 & !re=e ! only "o :i* = u c be true4 ,! mom5t t1 9 our pride ( he>t1 we refuse to accept ! condesc5sion ( ! ,almighty1 & desire ,him1 in/ead ( /oop+ to hold our h&s1 to rise up be=e u into ,8 glory1--we hop+ t by /&+ on a gra9 ( du/ or two ( human k high] ?an our fell[s1 we may behold ! ,creator z ,he rises1--,god takes u at our ^w2 ,he rises1 into ,8 own invisible & inconceivable maje/y2 ,he goes =? ^u ! ways :i* are n our ways1 & retires into ! ?\ghts :i* are n our ?\ghts2 & we are left alone4 ,& pres5tly we say 9 our va9 he>ts1 ,!re is no ,god4 #h4 ,i w\ld desire1 !re=e1 to receive ,god's acc\nt ( ,8 own creation z "u ! ord9>y limits ( human k & imag9ation x w\ld be receiv$ by a simply m9d$ man2 & f9d+ t ! heav5s & ! e>? are spok5 ( always z hav+ some?+ l equal relation to ea* o!r 7?us ! heav5s & ! e>? 7 f9i%$1 & all ! ho/ ( !m71 ,i reject at once all idea ( ! t]m ,heav5s be+ int5d$ to signify ! inf9ity ( space inhabit$ by c\ntless worlds2 = betwe5 ^? inf9ite heav5s & ! p>ticle ( s&1 :i* n ! e>? only1 b ! sun itself1 ) all ! sol> sy/em1 is 9 relation to !m1 no relation ( equality or comp>ison c\ld be inf]r$4 ,b ,i suppose ! heav5s to mean t "p ( creation :i* holds equal companion%ip ) our globe2 ,i und]/& ! roll+ ( ^? heav5s toge!r z a scroll to be an equal & relative de/ruction ) ! melt+ ( ! elem5ts 9 f]v5t heat2#ci & ,i und]/& ! mak+ ! firmam5t to signify t1 s f> z man is conc]n$1 mo/ magnific5t ord9ance ( ! cl\ds2--! ord9ance1 t z ! great pla9 ( wat]s 0 =m$ on ! face ( ! e>?1 s also a pla9 ( wat]s %\ld be /ret*$ along ! height ( air1 & ! face ( ! cl\d answ] ! face ( ! ocean2 & t ?is upp] & heav5ly pla9 %\ld be ( wat]s1 z x 71 glorifi$ 9 _! nature1 no long] qu5*+ ! fire1 b n[ be>+ fire 9 _! own bosoms2 no long] murmur+ only :5 ! w9ds raise !m or rocks divide1 b answ]+ ea* o!r ) _! own voices f pole to pole2 no long] re/ra9$ by e/abli%$ %ores1 & guid$ ?r\gh un*ang+ *annels1 b go+ =? at _! pleasure l ! armies ( ! angels1 & *oos+ _! encampm5ts ^u ! heights ( ! hills2 no long] hurri$ d[nw>ds =ev]1 mov+ b to fall1 nor lo/ 9 ! lightless accumulation ( ! abyss1 b cov]+ ! ea/ & we/ ) ! wav+ ( _! w+s1 & rob+ ! gloom ( ! f>!r inf9ite ) a ve/ure ( div]s colors1 ( :i* ! ?reads are purple & sc>let1 & ! embroid]ies flame4 #i4 ,?is1 ,i believe1 is ! ord9ance ( ! firmam5t2 & x seems to me t 9 ! mid/ ( ! mat]ial ne>ness ( ^! heav5s ,god means u to ackn[l$ge ,8 own imm$iate pres5ce z visit+1 judg+1 & bless+ u4 ,! e>? %ook1 ! heav5s also dropp$1 at ! pres5ce ( ,god4 ,he do? set ,8 b[ 9 ! cl\d1 & ?us r5ews1 9 ! s\nd ( e droop+ swa! ( ra91 8 promises ( ev]la/+ love4 ,9 !m ha? he set a tab]nacle = ! sun2 ^: burn+ ball1 :i* )\t ! firmam5t w\ld be se5 z an intol]able & scor*+ circle 9 ! blackness ( vacuity1 is by t firmam5t surr\nd$ ) gorge\s s]vice1 & temp]$ by m$iatorial m9i/ries2 by ! firmam5t ( cl\ds ! gold5 pavem5t is spread = 8 *>iot :eels at morn+2 by ! firmam5t ( cl\ds ! temple is built = 8 pres5ce to fill ) light at noon2 by ! firmam5t ( cl\ds ! purple veil is clos$ at ev5+ r\nd ! sanctu>y ( 8 re/2 by ! mi/s ( ! firmam5t 8 implacable light is divid$1 & its sep>at$ fi]c5ess appeas$ into ! s(t blue t fills ! dep? ( di/ance ) its bloom1 & ! flu% ) :i* ! m\nta9s burn z !y dr9k ! ov]fl[+ ( ! dayspr+4 ,& 9 ?is tab]nacl+ ( ! un5durable sun ) m51 ?r\gh ! %ad[s ( ! firmam5t1 ,god w\ld seem to set =? ! /oop+ ( ,8 own maje/y to m51 ^u ! ?rone ( ! firmam5t4 ,z ! ,creator ( all ! worlds1 & ! ,inhabit] ( et]nity1 we _c behold ,him2 b1 z ! ,judge ( ! e>? & ! ,pres]v] ( m51 ^? heav5s are inde$ ,8 dwell+-place4 ,swe> n1 nei!r by heav51 = x is ,god's ?rone2 nor by ! e>?1 = x is 8 foot/ool4 ,& all ^? pass+s to & fro ( fruitful %[] & grateful %ade1 & all ^? visions ( silv] palaces built ab\t ! horizon1 & voices ( moan+ w9ds & ?reat5+ ?und]s1 & glories ( color$ robe & clov5 ray1 are b to deep5 9 our he>ts ! acceptance1 & di/9ctness1 & de>ness ( ! simple words1 ,our ,fa!r :i* art 9 heav54 ,,footnotes #cg ,god made ,! firmam5t1 expanse ( liquid1 pure1 ,transp>5t1 elem5tal air1 diffus$ ,9 circuit to ! utt]mo/ convex ,( ?is great r\nd4 ,p>adise ,lo/1 book vii4 #ch ,! read] may ref] to ! foll[+ texts1 :i* x is ne$less to quote3 ,exod4 xiii4 #ba1 xvi4 #aj1 xix4 #i1 xxiv4 #af1 xxxiv4 #e1 ,levit4 xvi4 #b1 ,num4 x4 #cd1 ,judges v4 #d1 #a ,k+s viii4 #aj1 ,ezek4 i4 #d1 ,dan4 vii4 #ac1 ,matt4 xxiv4 #cj1 #a ,!ss4 iv4 #ag1 ,rev4 i4 #g4 #ci ,comp>e also ,job1 xxxvi4 #bi1 ,! spread+ ( ! cl\ds1 & ! noise ( 8 tab]nacle2 & xxxviii4 #cc1 ,kn[e/ ?\ ! ord9ances ( heav58 can/ ?\ set ! dom9ion !re( 9 ! e>?8 can/ ?\ lift up ?y voice to ! cl\ds8 ,obs]ve t 9 ! passage ( ,addison's well kn[n hymn-- ,! spaci\s firmam5t on high1 ,) all ! blue e!real sky1 ,& spangl$ heav5s1 a %9+ frame1 ,_! great ,orig9al proclaim-- ! writ] has cle>ly ! true di/9ctions 9 8 m9d2 he does n use 8 words1 z we too (t5 accept !m1 9 va9 tautology4 ,by ! spaci\s firmam5t he means ! cl\ds1 us+ ! ^w spaci\s to m>k ! true mean+ ( ! ,hebrew t]m3 ! blue e!real sky is ! real air or e!r1 blue above ! cl\ds2 ! heav5s are ! />ry space1 = :i* he uses ?is ^w1 less accurately1 inde$1 ?an ! o!rs1 b z ! only "o available = ?is mean+4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,! ,,dry ,,l&4 #a4 ,hav+ ?us arriv$ at "s appreh5sion ( ! true mean+ & noble (fices ( ! cl\ds1 we leave f>!r inquiry into _! aspects to ano!r "t1 & foll[ ! fix$ arrangem5t ( our subject2 fir/1 to ! cre/s ( ! m\nta9s4 ,( ^! also1 hav+ se5 9 our review ( anci5t & mod]n l&scape v>i\s /range diff]5ces 9 ! way m5 look$ ^u !m1 x w be well 9 ! outset to asc]ta91 z f> z may be1 ! true mean+ & (fice4 ,! words :i* m>k$ = u ! purpose ( ! cl\ds are foll[$ imm$iately by ^? notable ones3-- ,& ,god said1 ,let ! wat]s :i* are "u ! heav5 be ga!r$ toge!r unto "o place1 & let ! dry l& appe>4 ,we d n1 p]haps1 (t5 en\gh consid] ! deep significance ( ?is s5t5ce4 ,we are too apt to receive x z ! description ( an ev5t va/] only 9 its ext5t1 n 9 its nature1 ?an ! compell+ ! ,r$ ,sea to draw back1 t ,israel might pass by4 ,we imag9e ! ,deity 9 l mann] roll+ ! waves ( ! great] ocean toge!r on a heap1 & sett+ b>s & doors to !m et]nally4 ,b !re is a f> deep] mean+ ?an ?is 9 ! solemn words ( ,g5esis1 & 9 ! correspond5t v]se ( ! ,psalm1 ,8 h&s prep>$ ! dry l&4 ,up to t mom5t ! e>? _h be5 void1 = x _h be5 )\t =m4 ,! comm& t ! wat]s %\ld be ga!r$ 0 ! comm& t ! e>? %\ld be sculptur$4 ,! sea 0 n driv5 to 8 place 9 sudd5ly re/ra9$ rebellion1 b )drawn to 8 place 9 p]fect & pati5t ob$i5ce4 ,! dry l& appe>$1 n 9 level s&s1 =sak5 by ! surges1 :i* ^? surges might aga9 claim = _! own2 b 9 range beyond range ( swell+ hill & iron rock1 = ev] to claim k9dr$ ) ! firmam5t1 & be companion$ by ! cl\ds ( heav54 #b4 ,:at space ( "t 0 9 reality occupi$ by ! day ( ,g5esis1 is n1 at pres5t1 ( any importance = u to consid]4 ,by :at furnaces ( fire ! adamant 0 melt$1 & by :at :eels ( e>?quake x 0 torn1 & by :at tee? ( glaci] & weight ( sea-waves x 0 engrav5 & f9i%$ into its p]fect =m1 we may p]haps h]eaft] endeavor to conjecture2 b "h1 z 9 few words ! "w is summ$ by ! hi/orian1 s 9 few broad ?\ghts x %\ld be compreh5d$ by u2 & z we read ! mighty s5t5ce1 ,let ! dry l& appe>1 we %\ld try to foll[ ! f+] ( ,god1 z x engrav$ ^u ! /one tables ( ! e>? ! lett]s & ! law ( its ev]la/+ =m2 z1 gulf by gulf1 ! *annels ( ! deep 7 pl\gh$2 & cape by cape1 ! l9es 7 trac$1 ) ,div9e =ekn[l$ge1 ( ! %ores t 7 to limit ! nations2 & *a9 by *a91 ! m\nta9 walls 7 l5g!n$ =?1 & _! f\ndations fa/5$ = ev]2 & ! compass 0 set ^u ! face ( ! dep?1 & ! fields1 & ! highe/ "p ( ! du/ ( ! _w 7 made2 & ! "r h& ( ,*ri/ fir/ /rew$ ! sn[ on ,lebanon1 & smoo!d ! slopes ( ,calv>y4 #c4 ,x is n1 ,i repeat1 always ne$ful1 9 _m respects x is n possible1 to conjecture ! mann]1 or ! "t1 9 :i* ?is "w 0 done2 b x is deeply necess>y = all m5 to consid] ! magnific5ce ( ! accompli%$ purpose1 & ! dep? ( ! wisdom & love :i* are manife/$ 9 ! ord9ances ( ! hills4 ,= obs]ve1 9 ord] to br+ ! _w into ! =m :i* x n[ be>s1 x 0 n m]e sculpture t 0 ne$$2 ! m\nta9s c\ld n /& = a day unless !y 7 =m$ ( mat]ials altoge!r diff]5t f ^? :i* con/itute ! l[] hills1 & ! surfaces ( ! valleys4 ,a h>d] sub/ance _h to be prep>$ = e m\nta9 *a92 yet n s h>d b t x might be capable ( crumbl+ d[n into e>? fit to n\ri% ! alp9e =e/ & ! alp9e fl[]2 n s h>d b t1 9 ! mid/ ( ! utmo/ maje/y ( its en?ron$ /r5g?1 !re %\ld be se5 on x ! seal ( dea?1 & ! writ+ ( ! same s5t5ce t _h gone =? aga9/ ! human frame1 ,du/ ?\ art1 & unto du/ ?\ %alt return4#dj ,& ) ?is p]i%able sub/ance ! mo/ maje/ic =ms 7 to be fram$ t 7 consi/5t ) ! safety ( man2 & ! peak 0 to be lift$1 & ! cliff r5t1 z high & z /eeply z 0 possible1 9 ord] yet to p]mit ! %eph]d to fe$ 8 flocks ^u ! slope1 & ! cottage to ne/le b5ea? _! %ad[4 #d4 ,& obs]ve1 two di/9ct ends 7 to be accompli%$ 9 ! do+ ?is4 ,x 01 inde$1 absolutely necess>y t su* em95ces %\ld be creat$1 9 ord] to fit ! e>? 9 any wise = human habitation2 = )\t m\nta9s ! air c\ld n be purifi$1 nor ! fl[+ ( ! riv]s su/a9$1 & ! e>? mu/ h become = ! mo/ "p des]t pla91 or /agnant m>%4 ,b ! fe$+ ( ! riv]s & ! purify+ ( ! w9ds are ! lea/ ( ! s]vices appo9t$ to ! hills4 ,to fill ! ?ir/ ( ! human he>t = ! beauty ( ,god's work+1--to />tle its le?>gy ) ! deep & pure agitation ( a/oni%m5t1--are _! high] missions4 ,!y are z a great & noble ar*itecture2 fir/ giv+ %elt]1 com=t1 & re/2 & cov]$ also ) mighty sculpture & pa9t$ leg5d4 ,x is impossible to exam9e 9 _! connect$ sy/em ! features ( ev5 ! mo/ ord9>y m\nta9 sc5]y1 )\t conclud+ t x has be5 prep>$ 9 ord] to unite z f> z possible1 & 9 ! close/ compass1 e means ( delight+ & sanctify+ ! he>t ( man4 ,z f> z possible2 t is1 z f> z is consi/5t ) ! fulfilm5t ( ! s5t5ce ( condemnation on ! :ole e>?4 ,dea? mu/ be ^u ! hills2 & ! cruelty ( ! tempe/s smite !m1 & ! bri> & ?orn spr+ up ^u !m3 b !y s smite1 z to br+ _! rocks into ! faire/ =ms2 & s spr+1 z to make ! v des]t blossom z ! rose4 ,ev5 among our own hills ( ,scotl& & ,cumb]l&1 ?\gh (t5 too b>r5 to be p]fectly beautiful1 & always too l[ to be p]fectly sublime1 x is /range h[ _m deep s\rces ( delight are ga!r$ into ! compass ( _! gl5s & vales2 & h[1 d[n to ! mo/ secret clu/] ( _! f>-away fl[]s1 & ! idle/ leap ( _! /ray+ /reamlets1 ! :ole he>t ( ,nature seems ?ir/+ to give1 & /ill to give1 %$d+ =? h] ev]la/+ b5efic5ce ) a pr(usion s pati5t1 s passionate1 t our utmo/ obs]vance & ?ankfulness are b1 at la/1 neglect ( h] nobl5ess1 & apa?y to h] love4 ,b among ! true m\nta9s ( ! great] ord]s ! ,div9e purpose ( appeal at once to all ! faculties ( ! human _s becomes /ill m manife/4 ,inf]ior hills ord9>ily int]rupt1 9 "s degree1 ! ri*ness ( ! valleys at _! feet2 ! grey d[ns ( ,s\!rn ,engl&1 & treeless coteaux ( ,c5tral ,france1 & grey swells ( ,scotti% moor1 :atev] peculi> *>m !y may possess 9 !mselves1 are at lea/ de/itute ( ^? :i* belong to ! woods & fields ( ! l[l&s4 ,b ! great m\nta9s lift ! l[l&s on _! sides4 ,let ! read] imag9e1 fir/1 ! appe>ance ( ! mo/ v>i$ pla9 ( "s ri*ly cultivat$ c\ntry2 let him imag9e x d>k ) graceful woods1 & s(t ) deepe/ pa/ures2 let him fill ! space ( x1 to ! utmo/ horizon1 ) innum]able & *angeful incid5ts ( sc5]y & life2 lead+ pleasant /reamlets ?r\gh its mead[s1 /rew+ clu/]s ( cottages beside _! banks1 trac+ sweet footpa?s ?r\gh its av5ues1 & animat+ its fields ) happy flocks1 & sl[ w&]+ spots ( cattle2 & :5 he has we>i$ himself ) endless imag9+1 & left no space )\t "s lovel9ess ( its own1 let him conceive all ?is great pla91 ) its inf9ite treasures ( natural beauty & happy human life1 ga!r$ up 9 ,god's h&s f "o edge ( ! horizon to ! o!r l a wov5 g>m5t2 & %ak5 into deep1 fall+ folds1 z ! robes droop f a k+'s %\ld]s2 all its bright riv]s leap+ into cat>acts along ! holl[s ( its fall1 & all its =e/s re>+ !mselves aslant aga9/ its slopes1 z a rid] re>s himself back :5 8 horse plunges2 & all its villages ne/l+ !mselves into ! new w9d+s ( its gl5s2 & all its pa/ures ?r[n into /eep waves ( gre5sw>d1 da%$ ) dew along ! edges ( _! folds1 & sweep+ d[n into endless slopes1 ) a cl\d "h & !re ly+ quietly1 half on ! grass1 half 9 ! air2 & he w h z yet1 9 all ?is lift$ _w1 only ! f\ndation ( "o ( ! great ,alps4 ,& :atev] is lovely 9 ! l[l& sc5]y becomes loveli] 9 ?is *ange3 ! trees :i* grew heavily & /iffly f ! level l9e ( pla9 assume /range curves ( /r5g? & grace z !y b5d !mselves aga9/ ! m\nta9 side2 !y brea! m freely1 & toss _! bran*es m c>elessly z ea* climbs high]1 look+ to ! cle> light above ! topmo/ leaves ( its bro!r tree3 ! fl[]s :i* on ! arable pla9 fell be=e ! pl\gh1 n[ f9d out = !mselves unapproa*able places1 :]e ye> by ye> !y ga!r into happi] fell[%ip1 & fe> no evil2 & ! /reams :i* 9 ! level l& crept 9 d>k eddies by un:olesome banks1 n[ move 9 %[]s ( silv]1 & are clo!d ) ra9b[s1 & br+ heal? & life :]ev] ! glance ( _! waves c rea*4 #e4 ,& al?\gh ?is beauty seems at fir/1 9 its wildness1 inconsi/5t ) ! s]vice ( man1 x is1 9 fact1 m necess>y to 8 happy exi/5ce ?an all ! level & easily subdu$ l& :i* he rejoices to possess4 ,x seems almo/ an insult to ! read]'s intellig5ce to ask him to dwell 7z if !y c\ld be d\bt$7 on ! uses ( ! hills2 & yet s little1 until lately1 h ^? uses be5 und]/ood1 t1 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury1 "o ( ! mo/ enlight5$ ( ! religi\s m5 ( 8 day 7,flem+71 himself a native ( a m\nta9 c\ntry1 ca/+ ab\t = "s reason to expla9 to himself ! exi/5ce ( m\nta9s1 & prove _! h>mony ) ! g5]al p]fectness ( ! provid5tial gov]nm5t ( creation1 c light ^u ?is reason only1 ,!y are inhabit$ by ! bea/s4 ,fir/ use ( m\nta9s4 ,to give motion to wat]4 #f4 ,x may n1 !re=e1 ev5 at ?is day1 be altoge!r pr(itless or unnecess>y to review briefly ! nature ( ! ?ree great (fices :i* m\nta9 ranges are appo9t$ to fulfil1 9 ord] to pres]ve ! heal? & increase ! happ9ess ( mank9d4 ,_! fir/ use is ( c\rse to give motion to wat]4 ,e f\nta9 & riv]1 f ! in*-deep /reamlet t crosses ! village lane 9 trembl+ cle>ness1 to ! massy & sil5t m>* ( ! ev]la/+ multitude ( wat]s 9 ,amazon or ,ganges1 owe _! play1 & purity1 & p[]1 to ! orda9$ elevations ( ! e>?4 ,g5tle or /eep1 ext5d$ or abrupt1 "s det]m9$ slope ( ! e>?'s surface is ( c\rse necess>y1 be=e any wave c s mu* z ov]take "o s$ge 9 its pilgrimage2 & h[ seldom d we en\gh consid]1 z we walk beside ! m>g9s ( our pleasant brooks1 h[ beautiful & wond]ful is t ord9ance1 ( :i* e blade ( grass t waves 9 _! cle> wat] is a p]petual sign2 t ! dew & ra9 fall5 on ! face ( ! e>? %all f9d no re/+-place2 %all f9d1 on ! contr>y1 fix$ *annels trac$ = !m1 f ! rav9es ( ! c5tral cre/s d[n :i* !y ro> 9 sudd5 ranks ( foam1 to ! d>k holl[s b5ea? ! banks ( l[l& pa/ure1 r\nd :i* !y mu/ circle sl[ly among ! /ems & b5ea? ! leaves ( ! lilies2 pa?s prep>$ = !m1 by :i*1 at "s appo9t$ rate ( j\rney1 !y mu/ ev]more desc5d1 sometimes sl[ & sometimes swift1 b nev] paus+2 ! daily portion ( ! e>? !y h to glide ov] m>k$ = !m at ea* successive sunrise1 ! place :i* has kn[n !m kn[+ !m no m1 & ! gateways ( gu>d+ m\nta9s op5$ = !m 9 cleft & *asm1 none lett+ !m 9 _! pilgrimage2 &1 f f> (f1 ! great he>t ( ! sea call+ !m to itself6 ,deep calle? unto deep4 ,i "k n :i* ( ! two is ! m wond]ful1--t calm1 gradat$1 invisible slope ( ! *ampaign l&1 :i* gives motion to ! /ream2 or t passage clov5 = x ?r\gh ! ranks ( hill1 :i*1 necess>y = ! heal? ( ! l& imm$iately ar\nd !m1 w\ld yet1 unless s sup]naturally divid$1 h fatally int]cept$ ! fl[ ( ! wat]s f f>-(f c\ntries4 ,:5 did ! great _s ( ! riv] fir/ knock at ^? adamant9e gates8 ,:5 did ! port] op5 to x1 & ca/ 8 keys away = ev]1 lapp$ 9 :irl+ s&8 ,i am n satisfi$--no "o %\ld be satisfi$--) t vague answ]1--! riv] cut its way4 ,n s4 ,! riv] f\nd its way4 ,i d n see t riv]s1 9 _! own /r5g?1 c d mu* 9 cutt+ _! way2 !y are ne>ly z apt to *oke _! *annels up1 z to c>ve !m out4 ,only give a riv] "s little sudd5 p[] 9 a valley1 & see h[ x w use x4 ,cut itself a b$8 ,n s1 by any means1 b fill up its b$1 & look = ano!r1 9 a wild1 dissatisfi$1 inconsi/5t mann]4 ,any way1 r ?an ! old "o1 w bett] please x2 & ev5 if x is bank$ up & =c$ to keep to ! old "o1 x w n deep51 b d all x c to raise x1 & leap out ( x4 ,& al?\gh1 :]ev] wat] has a /eep fail1 x w swiftly cut itself a b$ deep into ! rock or gr\nd1 x w n1 :5 ! rock is h>d1 cut a wid] *annel ?an x actually ne$s2 s t if ! exi/+ riv] b$s1 ?r\gh ranges ( m\nta91 _h 9 reality be5 cut by ! /reams1 !y w\ld be f\nd1 :]ev] ! rocks are h>d1 only 9 ! =m ( n>r[ & pr(\nd rav9es1--l ! well-kn[n *annel ( ! ,niag>a1 bel[ ! fall2 n 9 t ( ext5d$ valleys4 ,& ! actual "w ( true m\nta9 riv]s1 ?\gh (t5 mu* great] 9 proportion to _! body ( wat] ?an t ( ! ,niag>a1 is q insignificant :5 comp>$ ) ! area & dep? ( ! valleys ?r\gh :i* !y fl[2 s t1 al?\gh 9 _m cases x appe>s t ^? l>g] valleys h be5 excavat$ at e>li] p]iods by m p[]ful /reams1 or by ! exi/+ /ream 9 a m p[]ful condition1 /ill ! great fact rema9s always equally pla91 & equally admirable1 t1 :atev] ! nature & duration ( ! ag5cies employ$1 ! e>? 0 s %ap$ at fir/ z to direct ! curr5ts ( its riv]s 9 ! mann] mo/ heal?y & conv5i5t = man4 ,! valley ( ! ,rhone may1 ?\gh x is n likely1 h be5 9 great "p excavat$ 9 e>ly "t by torr5ts a ?\s& times l>g] ?an ! ,rhone2 b x c\ld n h be5 excavat$ at all1 unless ! m\nta9s _h be5 ?r[n at fir/ into two *a9s1 betwe5 :i* ! torr5ts 7 set to "w 9 a giv5 direction4 ,& x is easy to conceive h[1 "u any less b5efic5t dispositions ( _! masses ( hill1 ! cont95ts ( ! e>? might ei!r h be5 cov]$ ) enorm\s lakes1 z p>ts ( ,nor? ,am]ica actually are cov]$2 or h become wild]nesses ( pe/if]\s m>%2 or lifeless pla9s1 ^u :i* ! wat] w\ld h dri$ z x fell1 leav+ !m = great "p ( ! ye> des]t4 ,su* di/ricts d exi/1 & exi/ 9 va/ness3 ! :ole e>? is n prep>$ = ! habitation ( man2 only c]ta9 small portions are prep>$ = him1--! h\ses1 z x 71 ( ! human race1 f :i* !y are to look abroad ^u ! re/ ( ! _w1 n to wond] or compla9 t x is n all h\se1 b to be grateful = ! k9dness ( ! admirable build+1 9 ! h\se itself1 z comp>$ ) ! re/4 ,x w\ld be z absurd to ?9k x an evil t all ! _w is n fit = u to inhabit1 z to ?9k x an evil t ! globe is no l>g] ?an x is4 ,z mu* z we %all ev] ne$ is evid5tly assign$ to u = our dwell+-place2 ! re/1 cov]$ ) roll+ waves or drift+ s&s1 frett$ ) ice or cre/$ ) fire1 is set be=e u = contemplation 9 an un9habitable magnific5ce2 & t "p :i* we are enabl$ to inhabit owes its fitness = human life *iefly to its m\nta9 ranges1 :i*1 ?r[+ ! sup]flu\s ra9 (f z x falls1 collect x 9 /reams or lakes1 & guide x into giv5 places1 & 9 giv5 directions2 s t m5 c build _! cities 9 ! mid/ ( fields :i* !y "k w be always f]tile1 & e/abli% ! l9es ( _! comm]ce ^u /reams :i* w n fail4 #g4 ,nor is ?is giv+ ( motion to wat] to be consid]$ z conf9$ only to ! surface ( ! e>?4 ,a no less important function ( ! hills is 9 direct+ ! fl[ ( ! f\nta9s & spr+s1 f subt]ranean res]voirs4 ,!re is no miracul\s spr++ up ( wat] out ( ! gr\nd at our feet2 b e f\nta9 & well is suppli$ f a res]voir among ! hills1 s plac$ z to involve "s slight fall or pressure1 en\gh to secure ! con/ant fl[+ ( ! /ream4 ,& ! incalculable bless+ ( ! p[] giv5 to u 9 mo/ valleys1 ( rea*+ by excavation "s po9t :5ce ! wat] w rise to ! surface ( ! gr\nd 9 p]5nial fl[1 is entirely ow+ to ! concave disposition ( ! b$s ( clay or rock rais$ f b5ea? ! bosom ( ! valley into ranks ( enclos+ hills4 ,second use4 ,to give motion to air4 #h4 ,! second great use ( m\nta9s is to ma9ta9 a con/ant *ange 9 ! curr5ts & nature ( ! air4 ,su* *ange w\ld1 ( c\rse1 h be5 p>tly caus$ by diff]5ces 9 soils & vegetation1 ev5 if ! e>? _h be5 level2 b to a f> less ext5t ?an x is n[ by ! *a9s ( hills1 :i* expos+ on "o side _! masses ( rock to ! full heat ( ! sun 7increas$ by ! angle at :i* ! rays /rike on ! slope71 & on ! o!r ca/+ a s(t %ad[ = leagues ov] ! pla9s at _! feet1 divide ! e>? n only into di/ricts1 b into climates1 & cause p]petual curr5ts ( air to trav]se _! passes1 & asc5d or desc5d _! rav9es1 alt]+ bo? ! temp]ature & nature ( ! air z x passes1 9 a ?\s& diff]5t ways2 moi/5+ x ) ! spray ( _! wat]falls1 suck+ x d[n & beat+ x hi!r & ?i!r 9 ! pools ( _! torr5ts1 clos+ x )9 clefts & caves1 :]e ! sunbeams nev] rea*1 till x is z cold z ,novemb] mi/s1 !n s5d+ x =? aga9 to brea! s(tly across ! slopes ( velvet fields1 or to be scor*$ among sunburnt %ales & grassless crags2 !n draw+ x back 9 moan+ swirls ?r\gh clefts ( ice1 & up into dewy wrea?s above ! sn[-fields2 !n pi]c+ x ) /range electric d>ts & fla%es ( m\nta9 fire1 & toss+ x high 9 fanta/ic /orm-cl\d1 z ! dri$ grass is toss$ by ! m[]1 only suff]+ x to dep>t at la/1 :5 *a/5$ & pure1 to refre% ! fad$ air ( ! f>-(f pla9s4 ,?ird use4 ,to give *ange to ! gr\nd4 #i4 ,! ?ird great use ( m\nta9s is to cause p]petual *ange 9 ! soils ( ! e>?4 ,)\t su* provisions ! gr\nd "u cultivation w\ld 9 a s]ies ( ye>s become exhau/$ & require to be upturn$ labori\sly by ! h& ( man4 ,b ! elevations ( ! e>?'s surface provide = x a p]petual r5ovation4 ,! high] m\nta9s suff] _! summits to be brok5 into fragm5ts & to be ca/ d[n 9 %eets ( massy rock1 full1 z we %all see pres5tly1 ( e sub/ance necess>y = ! n\ri%m5t ( plants3 ^! fall5 fragm5ts are aga9 brok5 by fro/1 & gr\nd by torr5ts1 into v>i\s conditions ( s& & clay--mat]ials :i* are di/ribut$ p]petually by ! /reams f>!r & f>!r f ! m\nta9's base4 ,e %[] :i* swells ! rivulets enables _! wat]s to c>ry c]ta9 portions ( e>? into new positions1 & exposes new banks ( gr\nd to be m9$ 9 _! turn4 ,t turbid foam+ ( ! angry wat]1--t te>+ d[n ( bank & rock along ! flanks ( its fury1--are no di/urbances ( ! k9d c\rse ( nature2 !y are b5efic5t op]ations ( laws necess>y to ! exi/5ce ( man & to ! beauty ( ! e>?4 ,! process is cont9u$ m g5tly1 b n less effectively1 ov] all ! surface ( ! l[] undulat+ c\ntry2 & ea* filt]+ ?read ( summ] ra9 :i* trickles ?r\gh ! %ort turf ( ! upl&s is be>+ its own appo9t$ burd5 ( e>? to be ?r[n d[n on "s new natural g>d5 9 ! d+les bel[4 ,& x is n1 9 reality1 a degrad+1 b a true1 l>ge1 & ennobl+ view ( ! m\nta9 ranges ( ! _w1 if we comp>e !m to heaps ( f]tile & fre% e>?1 laid up by a prud5t g>d5] beside 8 g>d5 b$s1 :5ce1 at int]vals1 he ca/s on !m "s scatt]+ ( new & virg9 gr\nd4 ,t :i* we s (t5 lam5t z convulsion or de/ruction is no?+ else ?an ! mom5t>y %ak+ ( ! du/ f ! spade4 ,! w9t] floods1 :i* inflict a tempor>y deva/ation1 be> ) !m ! elem5ts ( succe$+ f]tility2 ! fruitful field is cov]$ ) s& & %+le 9 mom5t>y judgm5t1 b 9 endur+ m]cy2 & ! great riv]1 :i* *okes its m\? ) m>%1 & tosses t]ror along its %ore1 is b scatt]+ ! se$s ( ! h>ve/s ( futurity1 & prep>+ ! seats ( unborn g5]ations4 #aj4 ,i h n spok5 ( ! local & peculi> utilities ( m\nta9s3 ,i d n c\nt ! b5efit ( ! supply ( summ] /reams f ! moors ( ! high] ranges1--( ! v>i\s m$ic9al plants :i* are ne/$ among _! rocks1--( ! delicate pa/urage :i* !y furni% = cattle1#da--( ! =e/s 9 :i* !y be> timb] = %ipp+1--! /ones !y supply = build+1 or ! ores ( metal :i* !y collect into spots op5 to discov]y1 & easy = work+4 ,all ^! b5efits are ( a second>y or a limit$ nature4 ,b ! ?ree great functions :i* ,i h j describ$1--^? ( giv+ motion & *ange to wat]1 air1 & e>?1--are indisp5sable to human exi/5ce2 !y are op]ations to be reg>d$ ) z full a dep? ( gratitude z ! laws :i* bid ! tree be> fruit1 or ! se$ multiply itself 9 ! e>?4 ,& ?us ^? desolate & ?reat5+ ranges ( d>k m\nta91 :i*1 9 ne>ly all ages ( ! _w1 m5 h look$ ^u ) av]sion or ) t]ror1 & %runk back f z if !y 7 haunt$ by p]petual images ( dea?1 are1 9 reality1 s\rces ( life & happ9ess f> full] & m b5efic5t ?an all ! bright fruitfulness ( ! pla94 ,! valleys only fe$2 ! m\nta9s fe$1 & gu>d1 & /r5g!n u4 ,we take our idea ( fe>fulness & sublimity alt]nately f ! m\nta9s & ! sea2 b we associate !m unju/ly4 ,! sea wave1 ) all its b5efic5ce1 is yet dev\r+ & t]rible2 b ! sil5t wave ( ! blue m\nta9 is lift$ t[>ds heav5 9 a /illness ( p]petual m]cy2 & ! "o surge1 unfa?omable 9 its d>kness1 ! o!r1 un%ak5 9 its fai?fulness1 = ev] be> ! seal ( _! appo9t$ symbol3 ,?y righte\sness is l ! great m\nta9s3 ,?y judgm5ts are a great deep4 ,,footnotes #dj ,surely ! m\nta9 fall+ come? to n\ght1 & ! rock is remov$ out ( 8 place4 ,! wat]s we> ! /ones3 ?\ wa%e/ away ! ?+s :i* gr[ out ( ! du/ ( ! e>?2 & ?\ de/roye/ ! hope ( man4--,job1 xiv4 #ah1 #ai4 #da ,! highe/ pa/urages 7at lea/ s say ! ,savoy>ds7 be+ always ! be/ & ri*e/4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,( ,,! ,,mat]ials ,,( ,,m\nta9s3--,,fir/1 ,,compact ,,cry/all9es4 #a4 ,9 ! e>ly days ( geological sci5ce1 ! sub/ances :i* compos$ ! cru/ ( ! e>?1 z f> z x c\ld be exam9$1 7 suppos$ to be ref]able to ?ree di/9ct classes3 ! fir/ consi/+ ( rocks :i* n only support$ all ! re/1 b f :i* all ! re/ 7 d]iv$1 !re=e call$ ,prim>y2 ! second class consi/+ ( rocks =m$ ( ! brok5 fragm5ts or alt]$ sub/ance ( ! prim>y ones1 !re=e call$ ,second>y2 &1 ?irdly1 rocks or e>?y deposits =m$ by ! ru9s & detritus ( bo? prim>y & second>y rocks1 call$1 !re=e1 ,t]ti>y4 ,?is classification 0 always1 9 "s degree1 unc]ta92 & has be5 lately sup]s$$ by m complicat$ sy/ems1 f\nd$ on ! "* ( ! fossils conta9$ 9 ! v>i\s deposits1 & on ! circum/ances ( position1 by :i* _! relative ages are m accurately asc]ta9able4 ,b ! orig9al rude classification1 ?\gh ( little1 if any1 use = sci5tific purposes1 0 bas$ on c]ta9 broad & conspicu\s ph5om5a1 :i* x br\ght cle>ly be=e ! popul> m9d4 ,9 ?is way x may /ill be s]viceable1 & ought1 ,i ?9k1 to be p]mitt$ to reta9 its place1 z an introduction to sy/ems m def9$ & au?oritative4 #b4 ,= ! fact is1 t 9 approa*+ any l>ge m\nta9 range1 ! gr\nd ov] :i* ! spectator passes1 if he exam9e x ) any intellig5ce1 w almo/ always arrange itself 9 8 m9d "u ?ree great heads4 ,!re w be1 fir/1 ! gr\nd ( ! pla9s or valleys he is ab\t to quit1 compos$ ( s&1 clay1 gravel1 roll$ /ones1 & v>i\sly m+l$ soils2 :i*1 if he has any opportunity1--at ! banks ( a /ream1 or ! sides ( a railway cutt+1--to exam9e to any dep?1 he w f9d arrang$ 9 b$s exactly resembl+ ^? ( mod]n s&-banks or sea-bea*es1 & appe>+ to h be5 =m$ "u su* natural laws z are 9 op]ation daily ar\nd u4 ,at ! outskirts ( ! hill di/rict1 he may1 p]haps1 f9d consid]able em95ces1 =m$ ( ^! b$s ( loose gravel & s&2 b1 z he ent]s into x f>!r1 he w soon discov] ! hills to be compos$ ( "s h>d] sub/ance1 prop]ly des]v+ ! "n ( rock1 su/a9+ itself 9 picturesque =ms1 & appe>+1 at fir/1 to owe bo? its h>dness & its outl9es to ! action ( laws su* z d n hold at ! pres5t day4 ,he c easily expla9 ! nature1 & acc\nt = ! di/ribution1 ( ! banks :i* ov]hang ! l[l& road1 or ( ! d>k e>?y deposits :i* enri* ! l[l& pa/ure2 b he _c s di/9ctly imag9e h[ ! lime/one hills ( ,d]by%ire & ,york%ire 7 h>d5$ into _! /ubborn :it5ess1 or rais$ into _! cav]n\s cliffs4 ,/ill1 if he c>efully exam9es ! sub/ance ( ^! m noble rocks1 he w1 9 n9e cases out ( t51 discov] !m to be compos$ ( f9e calc>e\s du/1 or closely unit$ p>ticles ( s&2 & w be ready to accept z possible1 or ev5 probable1 ! sugge/ion ( _! hav+ be5 =m$1 by sl[ deposit1 at ! bottom ( deep lakes & anci5t seas1 "u su* laws ( ,nature z are /ill 9 op]ation4 #c4 ,b1 z he advances yet f>!r into ! hill di/rict1 he f9ds ! rocks ar\nd him assum+ a gloomi] & m maje/ic condition4 ,_! t9t d>k5s2 _! outl9es become wild & irregul>2 & :]eas be=e !y _h only appe>$ at ! roadside 9 n>r[ l$ges among ! turf1 or glanc$ out f among ! ?ickets above ! brooks 9 :ite walls & fanta/ic t[]s1 !y n[ re> !mselves up 9 solemn & %att]$ masses f> & ne>2 s(t5$1 inde$1 ) /range h>mony ( cl\d$ colors1 b possess+ ! :ole sc5e ) _! iron _s2 & ris+1 9 all probability1 into em95ces z mu* pr\d] 9 actual elevation ?an ^? ( ! int]m$iate rocks1 z m p[]ful 9 _! influ5ce ov] e m9or feature ( ! l&scape4 #d4 ,& :5 ! travell] proce$s to obs]ve closely ! mat]ials ( :i* ^! noble ranges are compos$1 he f9ds also a complete *ange 9 _! int]nal /ructure4 ,!y are no long] =m$ ( delicate s& or du/--ea* p>ticle ( t du/ ! same z e o!r1 & ! :ole mass dep5d+ = its h>dness m]ely on _! closely cem5t$ unity2 b !y are n[ =m$ ( sev]al di/9ct sub/ances1 visibly unlike ea* o!r2 & n press$ b cry/alliz$ into "o mass1--cry/alliz$ into a unity f> m p]fect ?an t ( ! du/y lime/one1 b yet )\t ! lea/ m+l+ ( _! sev]al natures ) ea* o!r4 ,su* a rock1 fre%ly brok51 has a spotty1 granulat$1 &1 9 almo/ all in/ances1 sp>kl+1 appe>ance2 x requires a mu* h>d] bl[ to break x ?an ! lime/one or s&/one2 b1 :5 once ?or\ghly %att]$1 x is easy to sep>ate f ea* o!r ! v>i\s sub/ances ( :i* x is compos$1 & to exam9e !m 9 _! individual gra9s or cry/als2 ( :i* ea* v>iety w be f\nd to h a diff]5t degree ( h>dness1 a diff]5t %ade ( color1 & a diff]5t "* ( =m4 ,b ?is exam9ation w n enable ! obs]v] to compreh5d ! me?od ei!r ( _! =mation or aggregation1 at lea/ by any process su* z he n[ sees tak+ place ar\nd him2 he w at once be driv5 to admit t "s /range & p[]ful op]ation has tak5 place ^u ^! rocks1 diff]5t f any ( :i* he is at pres5t cognizant2 & f>!r inquiry w probably induce him to admit1 z m ?an probable1 ! supposition t _! /ructure is 9 great "p ow+ to ! action ( enorm\s heat prolong$ = indef9ite p]iods4 #e4 ,n[1 al?\gh ^! ?ree great gr\ps ( rocks d inde$ (t5 pass into ea* o!r by imp]ceptible gradations1 & al?\gh _! peculi> aspect is nev] a sev]e indication ( _! relative ages1 yet _! *>act]s are = ! mo/ "p s def9$ z to make a /rong impression on ! m9d ( an ord9>y obs]v]1 & _! age is also = ! mo/ "p approximately indicat$ by _! degrees ( h>dness1 & cry/all9e aspect4 ,x does1 inde$1 sometimes happ5 t a s(t & slimy clay w pass into a rock l ,ab]de5 granite by transitions s subtle t no po9t ( sep>ation c be det]m9$2 & x v (t5 happ5s t rocks l ,ab]de5 granite are ( m rec5t =mation ?an c]ta9 b$s ( s&/one & lime/one4 ,b1 9 spite ( all ^! unc]ta9ties & exceptions1 ,i believe t unless actual pa9s be tak5 to efface f ! m9d its natural impressions1 ! idea ( ?ree great classes ( rocks & e>? w ma9ta9 its gr\nd 9 ! ?\ghts ( ! g5]al obs]v]2 t :e!r he desire x or n1 he w f9d himself ?r[+ ! s(t & loose clays & s&s toge!r "u "o head2 plac+ ! h>d rocks1 ( a dull1 compact1 homog5e\s sub/ance1 "u ano!r head2 & ! h>de/ rocks1 ( a cry/all9e1 glitt]+1 & v>i\s sub/ance1 "u a ?ird head2 & hav+ done ?is1 he w also f9d t1 ) c]ta9 easily admissible exceptions1 ^! ?ree classes ( rocks are1 9 e di/rict :i* he exam9es1 ( ?ree diff]5t ages2 t ! s(te/ are ! y\nge/1 ! h>d & homog5e\s ones are old]1 & ! cry/all9e are ! olde/2 & he w1 p]haps1 9 ! end1 f9d x a some:at inconv5i5t piece ( respect to ! complexity & accuracy ( mod]n geological sci5ce1 if he refuse to ! ?ree classes1 ?us def9$ 9 8 imag9ation1 _! anci5t title ( ,t]ti>y1 ,second>y1 & ,prim>y4 #f4 ,b h[ev] ?is may be1 !re is "o lesson evid5tly int5d$ to be taught by ! diff]5t *>act]s ( ^! rocks1 :i* we mu/ n all[ to escape u4 ,we h to obs]ve1 fir/1 ! /ate ( p]fect p[]lessness1 & loss ( all beauty1 exhibit$ 9 ^? b$s ( e>? 9 :i* ! sep>at$ pieces or p>ticles are entirely indep5d5t ( ea* o!r1 m especially 9 ! gravel ^: pebbles h all be5 roll$ into "o %ape3 secondly1 ! great] degree ( p]man5ce1 p[]1 & beauty possess$ by ! rocks ^: compon5t atoms h "s affection & attraction = ea* o!r1 ?\gh all ( "o k9d2 & la/ly1 ! utmo/ =m & highe/ beauty ( ! rocks 9 :i* ! sev]al atoms h all diff]5t %apes1 *>act]s1 & (fices2 b are insep>ably unit$ by "s fi]y process :i* has purifi$ !m all4 ,x c h>dly be necess>y to po9t out h[ ^! natural ord9ances seem int5d$ to tea* u ! great tru?s :i* are ! basis ( all political sci5ce2 h[ ! poli%+ friction :i* sep>ates1 ! affection :i* b9ds1 & ! affliction t fuses & confirms1 are accurately symboliz$ by ! processes to :i* ! sev]al ranks ( hills appe> to owe _! pres5t aspect2 & h[1 ev5 if ! k ( ^? processes be d5i$ to u1 t pres5t aspect may 9 itself seem no imp]fect image ( ! v>i\s /ates ( mank9d3 fir/1 t :i* is p[]less ?r\gh total disorganization2 secondly1 t :i*1 ?\gh unit$1 & 9 "s degree p[]ful1 is yet incapable ( great ef=t or result1 ow+ to ! too great simil>ity & confusion ( (fices1 bo? 9 ranks & individuals2 & f9ally1 ! p]fect /ate ( bro!rhood & /r5g? 9 :i* ea* "* is cle>ly di/+ui%$1 sep>ately p]fect$1 & employ$ 9 its prop] place & (fice4 #g4 ,i %all n1 h[ev]1 s oppose myself to ! views ( our lead+ geologi/s z to reta9 "h ! names ( ,prim>y1 ,second>y1 & ,t]ti>y rocks4 ,b z ,i wi% ! read] to keep ! ideas ( ! ?ree classes cle>ly 9 8 m9d1 ,i w ask 8 leave to give !m names :i* involve no !ory1 & c be liable1 !re=e1 to no great objections4 ,we w call ! h>d1 & 7g5]ally7 c5tral1 masses ,cry/all9e ,rocks1 because !y almo/ always pres5t an appe>ance ( cry/allization4 ,! less h>d sub/ances1 :i* appe> compact & homog5e\s1 we w call ,coh]5t ,rocks1 & = ! scatt]$ dbris we w use ! g5]al t]m ,diluvium4 #h4 ,all ^! sub/ances agree 9 "o "*1 t ( be+ m or less s(t & de/ructible4 ,"o mat]ial1 inde$1 :i* ent]s l>gely into ! composition ( mo/ ( !m1 fl9t1 is h>d] ?an iron2 b ev5 ?is1 _! *ief s\rce ( /r5g?1 is easily brok5 by a sudd5 bl[2 & x is s comb9$ 9 ! l>ge rocks ) s(t] sub/ances1 t "t & ! viol5ce ( ! wea!r inv>iably produce c]ta9 de/ructive effects on _! masses4 ,"s ( !m become s(t1 & m\ld] away2 o!rs break1 little by little1 into angul> fragm5ts or slaty %eets2 b all yield 9 "s way or o!r2 & ! problem to be solv$ 9 e m\nta9 range appe>s to be1 t "u ^! conditions ( decay1 ! cliffs & peaks may be rais$ z high1 & ?r[n into z noble =ms1 z is possible1 consi/5tly ) an effective1 ?\gh n p]fect p]man5ce1 & a g5]al1 ?\gh n absolute security4 #i4 ,p]fect p]man5ce & absolute security 7 evid5tly 9 n[ise int5d$4#db ,x w\ld h be5 z easy = ! ,creator to h made m\nta9s ( /eel z ( granite1 ( adamant z ( lime2 b ?is 0 cle>ly no "p ( ! ,div9e c\nsels3 m\nta9s 7 to be de/ructible & frail2 to melt "u ! s(t lamb5cy ( ! /reamlet2 to %iv] be=e ! subtle w$ge ( ! fro/2 to )] ) untraceable decay 9 _! own sub/ance2 & yet1 "u all ^! conditions ( de/ruction1 to be ma9ta9$ 9 magnific5t em95ce be=e ! eyes ( m54 ,nor is x 9 any wise difficult = u to p]ceive ! b5efic5t reasons = ?is appo9t$ frailness ( ! m\nta9s4 ,!y appe> to be ?reefold3 ! fir/1 & ! mo/ important1 t successive soils might be suppli$ to ! pla9s1 9 ! mann] expla9$ 9 ! la/ *apt]1 & t m5 might be furni%$ ) a mat]ial = _! works ( ar*itecture & sculpture1 at once s(t en\gh to be subdu$1 & h>d en\gh to be pres]v$2 ! second1 t "s s5se ( dang] might always be connect$ ) ! mo/ precipit\s =ms1 & ?us increase _! sublimity2 & ! ?ird1 t a subject ( p]petual int]e/ might be op5$ to ! human m9d 9 obs]v+ ! *anges ( =m br\ght ab\t by "t on ^! monum5ts ( creation4 ,9 ord]1 !re=e1 to und]/& ! me?od 9 :i* ^! v>i\s sub/ances break1 s z to produce ! =ms :i* are ( *ief importance 9 l&scape1 z well z ! exquisite adaptation ( all _! qualities to ! s]vice ( m51 x w be well t ,i %\ld take "s note ( !m 9 _! ord]2 n ) any m9]alogical accuracy1 b ) c>e en\gh to enable me h]eaft] to expla91 )\t obscurity1 any ph5om5a dep5d5t ^u su* peculi>ities ( sub/ance4 #a4 ,,cry/all9e ,,rocks4 #aj4 #a/4 ,,cry/all9e ,,rocks4--,9 say+1 above1 t ! h>de/ rocks g5]ally pres5t$ an appe>ance ( cry/allization1 ,i meant a glitt]+ or granulat$ look1 some:at l t ( a co>se piece ( fre%ly brok5 loaf sug>4 ,are always ,comp\nd4 ,b ?is appe>ance may also exi/ 9 rocks ( uni=m & s(t] sub/ance1 su* z /atu>y m>ble1 ( :i* fre%ly brok5 pieces1 put into a sug>-bas91 _c be di/+ui%$ by ! eye f ! real sug>4 ,su* rocks are truly cry/all9e 9 /ructure2 b ! gr\p to :i* ,i wi% to limit ! t]m cry/all9e1 is n only ?us granulat$ & glitt]+1 b is always compos$ ( at lea/ two1 usually ?ree or f\r1 sub/ances1 intimately m+l$ ) ea* o!r 9 ! =m ( small gra9s or cry/als1 & giv+ ! rock a m or less speckl$ or mottl$ look1 accord+ to ! size ( ! cry/als & _! v>iety ( color4 ,x is a law ( nature1 t :5ev] rocks are to be employ$ on h>d s]vice1 & = great purposes1 !y %all be ?us compos$4 ,& !re appe> to be two di/9ct provid5tial reasons = ?is4 #aa4 ,! fir/1 t ^! cry/all9e rocks be+1 z we saw above1 g5]ally ! olde/ & highe/1 x is f !m t o!r soils ( v>i\s k9ds mu/ be d]iv$2 & !y 7 !re=e made a k9d ( /oreh\se1 f :i*1 :]ev] !y 7 f\nd1 all k9ds ( treasures c\ld be develop$ necess>y = ! s]vice ( man & o!r liv+ creatures4 ,?us ! granite ( ,mont ,blanc is a cry/all9e rock compos$ ( f\r sub/ances2 & 9 ^! f\r sub/ances are conta9$ ! elem5ts ( ne>ly all k9ds ( s&/one & clay1 toge!r ) pota%1 magnesia1 & ! metals ( iron & manganese4 ,:]ev] ! smalle/ portion ( ?is rock occurs1 a c]ta9 quantity ( ea* ( ^! sub/ances may be d]iv$ f x1 & ! plants & animals :i* require !m su/a9$ 9 heal?4 ,! second reason appe>s to be t rocks compos$ 9 ?is mann] are capable ( m int]e/+ v>iety 9 =m ?an any o!rs2 & z !y 7 cont9ually to be expos$ to sight 9 ! high ranges1 !y 7 s prep>$ z to be always z int]e/+ & beautiful z possible4 ,& divisible into two classes1 ,compact ,cry/all9es & ,slaty ,cry/all9es4 #ab4 ,^! cry/all9e or spott$ rocks we mu/ aga9 sep>ate into two great classes1 accord+ to ! arrangem5t1 9 !m1 ( ! p>ticles ( a sub/ance call$ mica4 ,x is n pres5t 9 all ( !m2 b :5 x occurs1 x is usually 9 l>ge quantities1 & a notable s\rce ( "*4 ,x v>ies 9 color1 occurr+ :ite1 br[n1 gre51 r$1 & black2 & 9 aspect1 f %9+ plates to small d>k gra9s1 ev5 ^! gra9s be+ se51 "u a magnifi]1 to be compos$ ( little plates1 l pieces ( exce$+ly ?9 glass2 b ) ?is great diff]5ce f glass1 t1 :e!r l>ge or small1 ! plates w n easily break across1 b are ela/ic1 & capable ( be+ b5t into a consid]able curve2 only if press$ ) a knife ^u ! edge1 !y w sep>ate into any numb] ( ?9n] plates1 m & m ela/ic & flexible accord+ to _! ?9ness1 & ^! aga9 into o!rs /ill f9]2 !re seem+ to be no limit to ! possible subdivision b ! co>s5ess ( ! in/rum5t employ$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #c4 #ac4 ,n[1 :5 ^! cry/als or gra9s1 repres5t$ by ! black spots & l9es 9 ,fig4 #c1 lie z !y d at a 9 t figure1 9 all directions1 ca/ hi!r & ?i!r among ! o!r mat]ials ( ! /one1--sometimes on _! faces1 sometimes on _! sides1 sometimes on _! edges1--!y give ! rock an irregul>ly granulat$ appe>ance & /ructure1 s t x w break ) equal ease 9 any direction2 b if ^! cry/als lie all "o way1 ) _! sides p>allel1 z at b1 !y give ! rock a /rip$ or slaty look1 & x w mo/ readily break 9 ! direction 9 :i* !y lie1 sep>at+ itself into folia or plates1 m or less di/9ctly accord+ to ! quantity ( mica 9 its mass4 ,9 ! example ,fig4 #d1 a piece ( rock f ! top ( ,mont ,brev51 !re are v few ( !m1 & ! mat]ial ) :i* !y are surr\nd$ is s h>d & compact t ! :ole mass breaks irregul>ly1 l a solid fl9t1 b5ea? ! hamm]2 b ! plates ( mica nev]!less influ5ce ! fracture on a l>ge scale1 & occasion1 z we %all see h]eaft]1 ! peculi> =m ( ! precipice at ! summit ( ! m\nta94#dc ,! rocks :i* are de/itute ( mica1 or 9 :i* ! mica lies irregul>ly1 or 9 :i* x is altoge!r abs5t1 ,i %all call ,compact ,cry/all9es4 ,! rocks 9 :i* ! mica lies regul>ly ,i %all call ,slaty ,cry/all9es4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #d4 ,,compact ,,cry/all9es4 #ad4 #a/4 ,compact ,cry/all9es4--,"u ?is head are embrac$ ! l>ge gr\p ( ! granites1 sy5ites1 & porphyries1--rocks :i* all agree 9 ! foll[+ p>ticul>s3-- ,_! fir/ *>act]i/ic4 ,speckl$ness4 ,a4 ,v>iety ( color4--,! me?od ( _! composition out ( diff]5t sub/ances necessitates _! be+ all m or less spott$ or da%$ ) v>i\s colors2 !re be+ g5]ally a preval5t gr\nd color1 ) o!r subord9ate hues brok5 ov] x1 =m+1 = ! mo/ "p1 tones ( silv] grey1 ( w>m b subdu$ r$1 or purple4 ,n[1 !re is 9 ?is a v m>vell\s provision = ! beauty ( ! c5tral ranges4 ,o!r rocks1 plac$ l[] among ! hills1 receive color ^u _! surfaces f all k9ds ( m9ute vegetation2 b ^! high] & m expos$ rocks are liable to be 9 _m p>ts b>r52 & ! wild =ms into :i* !y are ?r[n necessitate _! be+ (t5 fre%ly brok51 s z to br+ _! pure color1 untemp]$ 9 anywise1 frankly into sight4 ,h5ce x is appo9t$ t ?is color %all n be raw or monoton\s1 b compos$--z all beautiful color mu/ be compos$--by m+l+ ( _m hues 9 "o4 ,n t !re is any aim at attractive beauty 9 ^! rocks2 !y are int5d$ to con/itute solemn & desolate sc5es2 & !re is no?+ delicately or v>i\sly dispos$ 9 _! colors4 ,su* beauty w\ld h be5 inconsi/5t ) _! expression ( p[] & t]ror1 & x is res]v$ = ! m>bles & o!r rocks ( inf]ior (fice4 ,b _! color is grave & p]fect2 closely resembl+1 9 _m cases1 ! sort ( hue rea*$ by cross-*equ]+ 9 ! gr\nd ( f\rte5?-c5tury manuscripts1 & peculi>ly calculat$ = di/ant effects ( light2 be+1 = ! mo/ "p1 slightly w>m 9 tone1 s z to receive ) full advantage ! r$ & orange rays ( sunlight4 ,?is w>m? is almo/ always f>!r aid$ by a gl[+ orange color1 d]iv$ f ! decomposition ( ! iron :i*1 ?\gh 9 small quantity1 usually is an ess5tial elem5t 9 !m3 ! orange hue =ms itself 9 unequal ve9s & spots ^u ! surfaces :i* h be5 long expos$1 m or less d>k5+ !m2 & a v m9ute black li*51--s m9ute z to look almo/ l spots ( d>k pa9t1--a little oppos$ & w>m$ by ! gold5 ,li*5 geographicus1 /ill f>!r subdues ! pal] hues ( ! highe/ granite rocks4 ,n[1 :5 a surface ( ?is k9d is remov$ to a di/ance ( f\r or five miles1 & se5 "u w>m light ?r\gh s(t air1 ! orange becomes russet1 m or less incl9+ to pure r$1 accord+ to ! p[] ( ! rays3 b ! black ( ! li*5 becomes pure d>k blue2 & ! result ( _! comb9ation is t peculi> r$di% purple :i* is s /rik+ly ! *>act]i/ic ( ! rocks ( ! high] ,alps4 ,mo/ ( ! travell]s :o h se5 ! ,valley ( ,*am\ni c>ry away a /rong impression t its upp] precipices are ( r$ rock4 ,b !y are1 )\t exception1 ( a :iti% grey1 ton$ & rais$ by ?is unit$ op]ation ( ! iron1 ! li*51 & ! light4 #ae4 ,i h nev] _h an opportunity ( /udy+ ! effects ( ^! tones ^u rocks ( porphyry2 b ! beautiful color ( t rock 9 its int]ior sub/ance has r5d]$ x "o ( ! favorite mat]ials ( ! ar*itects ( all ages1 9 _! mo/ co/ly "w4 ,n t all porphyry is purple2 !re are gre5 & :ite porphyries1 z !re are yell[ & :ite roses2 b ! fir/ idea ( a porphyry rock is t x %all be purple1--j z ! fir/ idea ( a rose is t x %all be r$4 ,! purple incl9es always t[>ds russet#dd r ?an blue1 & is subdu$ by small spots ( grey or :ite4 ,?is speckl$ "*1 common to all ! cry/all9e rocks1 fits !m1 9 art1 = l>ge & maje/ic "w2 x unfits !m = delicate sculpture2 & _! second univ]sal *>act]i/ic is altoge!r 9 h>mony ) ?is consequ5ce ( _! fir/4 ,_! second *>act]i/ic4 ,t\ghness4 #af4 ,?is second *>act]i/ic is a t\gh h>dness1 n a brittle h>dness1 l t ( glass or fl9t1 :i* w spl9t] viol5tly at a bl[ 9 ! mo/ unexpect$ directions2 b a grave h>dness1 :i* w be> _m bl[s be=e x yields1 & :5 x is =c$ to yield at la/1 w d s1 z x 71 9 a s]i\s & ?\ghtful way2 n spitefully1 nor uselessly1 nor irregul>ly1 b 9 ! direction 9 :i* x is want$1 & :]e ! =ce ( ! bl[ is direct$--!re1 & !re only4 ,a fl9t :i* receives a %ock /rong] ?an x c be>1 gives up ev]y?+ at once1 & flies into a quantity ( pieces1 ea* piece full ( flaws4 ,b a piece ( granite seems to say to itself1 v solemnly3 ,if ^! p are resolv$ to split me into two pieces1 t is no reason :y ,i %\ld split myself into ?ree4 ,i w keep toge!r z well z ,i c1 & z long z ,i c2 & if ,i mu/ fall to du/ at la/1 x %all be sl[ly & honorably2 n 9 a fit ( fury4 ,! importance ( ?is "*1 9 fitt+ ! rock = human uses1 _c be exagg]at$3 x is ess5tial to su* uses t x %\ld be h>d1 = o!rwise x c\ld n be> enorm\s weights )\t be+ cru%$2 & if1 9 addition to ?is h>dness1 x _h be5 brittle1 l glass1 x c\ld n h be5 employ$ except 9 ! rude/ way1 z fl9ts are 9 ,k5ti% walls4 ,b n[ x is possible to cut a block ( granite out ( its qu>ry to exactly ! size we want2 & t ) p]fect ease1 )\t gunp[d]1 or any help b t ( a few small iron w$ges1 a *isel1 & a heavy hamm]4 ,a s+le workman c deta* a mass fifte5 or tw5ty feet long1 by m]ely drill+ a r[ ( holes1 a c\ple ( in*es deep1 & ?ree or f\r in*es ap>t1 along ! surface1 9 ! direction 9 :i* he wi%es to split ! rock1 & !n ins]t+ w$ges into ea* ( ^! holes1 & /rik+ !m1 consecutively1 ) small1 light1 repeat$ bl[s along ! :ole r[4 ,! granite r5ds1 at la/1 along ! l9e1 q ev5ly1 requir+ v little *isell+ aft]w>ds to give ! block a smoo? face4 #ag4 ,?is aft]-*isell+1 h[ev]1 is necess>ily t$i\s "w1 & !re=e t condition ( speckl$ color1 :i* is beautiful if exhibit$ 9 broad masses1 b (f5sive 9 delicate =ms1 exactly falls 9 ) ! conditions ( possible sculpture4 ,n only is x m labori\s to c>ve granite delicately1 ?an a s(t] rock2 b x is physically impossible to br+ x into c]ta9 ref9em5ts ( =m4 ,x _c be scrap$ & t\*$ into cont\rs1 z m>ble c2 x mu/ be /ruck h>d1 or x w n yield at all2 & to /rike a delicate & deta*$ =m h>d1 is to break x4 ,! deta*$ f+]s ( a delicate h&1 = in/ance1 _c1 z f> z ,i "k1 be cut 9 granite4 ,! smalle/ portion c\ld n be remov$ f !m )\t a /r5g? ( bl[ :i* w\ld break (f ! f+]4 ,h5ce ! sculptor ( granite is =c$ to conf9e himself to1 & to seek =1 c]ta9 types ( =m capable ( expression 9 8 mat]ial2 he is naturally driv5 to make 8 figures simple 9 surface1 & colossal 9 size1 t !y may be> 8 bl[s2 & ?is simplicity & magnitude are exactly ! *>act]s necess>y to %[ ! granitic or porphyritic color to ! be/ advantage4 ,& ?us we are guid$1 almo/ =c$1 by ! laws ( nature1 to d "r 9 art4 ,_h granite be5 :ite1 & m>ble speckl$ 7& :y %\ld ?is n h be51 b by ! def9ite ,div9e appo9tm5t = ! good ( man871 ! huge figures ( ! ,egyptian w\ld h be5 z oppressive to ! sight z cliffs ( sn[1 & ! ,v5us de ,m$icis w\ld h look$ l "s exquisitely graceful species ( frog4 ,_! ?ird *>act]i/ic4 ,purity 9 decomposition4 #ah4 ,! ?ird univ]sal *>act]i/ic ( ^! rocks is _! decomposition into ! pure/ s& & clay4 ,"s ( !m decompose spontane\sly1 ?\gh sl[ly1 on exposure to wea!r2 ! great] numb] only aft] be+ me*anically pulv]iz$2 b ! s& & clay to :i* by "o or ! o!r process !y are r$ucible1 are bo? rem>kable = _! purity4 ,! clay is ! f9e/ & be/ t c be f\nd = porcela92 ! s& (t5 ( ! pure/ :ite1 always lu/r\s & bright 9 its p>ticles4 ,! result ( ?is law is a peculi> aspect ( purity 9 ! l&scape compos$ ( su* rocks4 ,x _c become muddy1 or f\l1 or un:olesome4 ,! /reams :i* desc5d ?r\gh x may inde$ be opaque1 & z :ite z cream ) ! *urn$ sub/ance ( ! granite2 b _! wat]1 aft] ?is sub/ance has be5 ?r[n d[n1 is good & pure1 & _! %ores are n slimy or trea*]\s1 b ( pebbles1 or ( firm & sp>kl+ s&4 ,! quiet /reams1 spr+s1 & lakes are always ( exquisite cle>ness1 & ! sea :i* wa%es a granite coa/ is z unsulli$ z a flawless em]ald4 ,x is rem>kable to :at ext5t ?is int5se purity 9 ! c\ntry seems to influ5ce ! "* ( its inhabitants4 ,x is almo/ impossible to make a cottage built 9 a granite c\ntry look absolutely mis]able4 ,r\gh x may be1--neglect$1 cold1 full ( aspect ( h>d%ip1--b x nev] c look f\l2 no matt] h[ c>elessly1 h[ indol5tly1 its inhabitants may live1 ! wat] at _! doors w n /agnate1 ! soil b5ea? _! feet w n all[ itself to be trodd5 into slime1 ! timb]s ( _! f5ces w n rot1 !y _c s mu* z dirty _! faces or h&s if !y try2 d ! wor/ !y c1 !re w /ill be a feel+ ( firm gr\nd "u !m1 & pure air ab\t !m1 & an inh]5t :olesom5ess 9 _! abodes :i* x w ne$ ! mis]y ( ye>s to conqu]4 ,&1 z f> z ,i rememb]1 ! inhabitants ( granite c\ntries h always a =ce & heal?9ess ( "*1 m or less abat$ or modifi$1 ( c\rse1 accord+ to ! o!r circum/ances ( _! life1 b /ill def9itely belong+ to !m1 z di/+ui%$ f ! inhabitants ( ! less pure di/ricts ( ! hills4 ,^!1 !n1 are ! pr9cipal *>act]s ( ! compact cry/all9es1 reg>d$ 9 _! m9or or deta*$ masses4 ,( ! peculi> =ms :i* !y assume we %all h to speak pres5tly2 meantime1 reta9+ ^! g5]al ideas t\*+ _! nature & sub/ance1 let u proce$ to exam9e1 9 ! same po9t ( view1 ! neighbor+ gr\p ( slaty cry/all9es4 ,,footnotes #db ,i am well aw>e t to ! m9ds ( _m p]sons no?+ be>s a great] appe>ance ( presumption ?an any attempt at reason+ respect+ ! purposes ( ! ,div9e ,be+2 & t 9 _m cases x w\ld be ?\ght m consi/5t ) ! mode/y ( humanity to limit its endeavor to ! asc]ta9+ ( physical causes ?an to =m conjectures respect+ ,div9e int5tions4 ,b ,i believe ?is feel+ to be false & dang]\s4 ,wisdom c only be demon/rat$ 9 its ends1 & goodness only p]ceiv$ 9 its motives4 ,he :o 9 a morbid mode/y supposes t he is incapable ( appreh5d+ any ( ! purposes ( ,god1 r5d]s himself also incapable ( witness+ 8 wisdom2 & he :o supposes t favors may be be/[$ )\t int5tion1 w soon le>n to receive !m )\t gratitude4 #dc ,see ,app5dix #b4 ,slaty ,cleavage4 #dd ,z we _h to compla9 ( ,dante = n en\gh notic+ ! colors ( rocks 9 wild nature1 let u d him ! ju/ice to ref] to 8 noble symbolic use ( _! colors :5 se5 9 ! hewn block4 ,! l[e/ /air 0 m>ble :ite1 s smoo? ,& poli%$ t !re9 my mirror$ =m ,di/9ct ,i saw4 ,! next ( hue m d>k ,?an sable/ gra91 a r\gh & s+$ block1 ,crack$ l5g?wise & across4 ,! ?ird1 t lay ,massy above1 seem$ porphyry1 t flam$ ,r$ z ! life-blood sp\t+ f a ve94 ,?is /air is at ! gate ( ,purgatory4 ,! :ite /ep means s9c]ity ( consci5ce2 ! black1 contrition2 ! purple 7,i believe71 p>don by ! ,atonem5t4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,( ,,! ,,mat]ials ,,( ,,m\nta9s3--,,secondly1 ,,slaty ,,cry/all9es4 #a4 ,x w be rememb]$ t we said 9 ! la/ *apt] 7 #d7 t "o ( ! notable *>act]s ( ! :ole gr\p ( ! cry/all9es 0 ! incompreh5sibility ( ! processes :i* h br\ght !m to _! actual /ate4 ,?is h[ev] is m peculi>ly true ( ! slaty cry/all9es4 ,x is p]fectly possible1 by _m processes ( *emi/ry1 to produce masses ( irregul> cry/als :i*1 ?\gh n ( ! sub/ance ( granite1 are v l x 9 _! mode ( arrangem5t4 ,b1 z f> z ,i am aw>e1 x is impossible to produce artificially any?+ resembl+ ! /ructure ( ! slaty cry/all9es4 ,& ! m ,i h exam9$ ! rocks !mselves1 ! m ,i h felt at once ! difficulty ( expla9+ ! me?od ( _! =mation1 & ! gr[+ int]e/ ( inquiries respect+ t me?od4 ,! facts 7& ,i c v5ture to give no?+ m ?an facts7 are briefly ^!3-- #b4 ,! m9]al call$ mica1 describ$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! la/ *apt]1 is closely connect$ ) ano!r1 diff]+ f x 9 conta9+ a consid]able quantity ( magnesia4 ,?is associat$ m9]al1 call$ *lorite1 is ( a dull gre5i% color1 & opaque1 :ile ! mica is1 9 ?9 plates1 m or less transluc5t2 & ! *lorite is apt to occur m 9 ! =m ( a gre5 e>?1 or gre5 du/1 ?an ( f9ely divid$ plates4 ,! orig9al quantity ( magnesia 9 ! rock det]m9es h[ f> ! mica %all give place to *lorite2 & 9 ! int]m$iate conditions ( rock we f9d a black & ne>ly opaque mica1 conta9+ a good deal ( magnesia1 toge!r ) a *lorite1 :i* at fir/ seems mix$ ) small plates ( true mica1 or is itself =m$ ( m9ute plates or spangles1 & !n1 z ! quantity ( magnesia increases1 assumes its prop] =m ( a d>k gre5 e>?4 #c4 ,by ?is appo9tm5t !re is obta9$ a s]ies ( mat]ials by :i* ! appe>ance ( ! rock may be v>i$ to almo/ any ext5t4 ,f plates ( brilliant :ite mica half a foot broad1 fla%+ 9 ! sun l panes ( glass1 to a m9ute film ( d>k gre5 du/ h>dly traceable by ! eye1 an inf9ite range ( conditions is f\nd 9 ! diff]5t gr\ps ( rocks2 b always "u ?is g5]al law1 t1 = ! mo/ "p1 ! compact cry/all9es pres5t ! pure/ & bolde/ plates ( mica2 & ! t5d5cy to pass into slaty cry/all9es is commonly accompani$ by ! *ange ( ! :it5ess ( ! mica to a d>k or black color1 indicat+ 7,i believe7 ! pres5ce ( magnesia1 & by ! gradual int]m+l+ ) x ( *loritic e>?2 or else ( a cognate m9]al 7diff]+ f *lorite 9 conta9+ a quantity ( lime7 call$ hornbl5de4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #e4 ,su*1 at lea/1 is em95tly ! case 9 ! ,alps2 & 9 ! acc\nt ,i h to give ( _! slaty cry/all9es1 x mu/ be und]/ood t 9 us+ ! ^w mica g5]ally1 ,i mean ! m obscure conditions ( ! m9]al1 associat$ ) *lorite & hornbl5de4 #d4 ,n[ x is q easy to und]/& h[1 9 ! compact cry/all9es1 ! v>i\s elem5ts ( ! rock1 sep>at+ f ea* o!r z !y congeal$ f _! fluid /ate1 :e!r ( wat]y solution or fi]y fusion1 might arrange !mselves 9 irregul> gra9s z at a 9 ,fig4 #c1 p4 #ajf4 ,su* an arrangem5t con/antly takes place be=e our eyes 9 volcanic rocks z !y cool4 ,b x is n at all easy to und]/& h[ ! :ite1 h>d1 & comp>atively heavy sub/ances %\ld ?r[ !mselves into knots & b&s 9 "o def9ite direction1 & ! delicate films ( mica %\ld undulate ab\t & betwe5 !m1 z 9 ,fig4 #e on page #aad1 l riv]s among isl&s1 pursu+1 h[ev]1 on ! :ole1 a /raight c\rse across ! mass ( rock4 ,if x c\ld be %[n t su* pieces ( /one _h be5 =m$ 9 ! horizontal position 9 :i* ,i h drawn ! "o 9 ! figure1 ! /ructure w\ld be some:at intelligible z ! result ( settlem5t4 ,b1 on ! contr>y1 ! l9es ( su* foliat$ rocks h>dly ev] are horizontal2 nei!r c di/9ct evid5ce be f\nd ( _! at any "t hav+ be5 s4 ,! evid5ce1 on ! contr>y1 is (t5 /rongly 9 favor ( _! hav+ be5 =m$ 9 ! highly incl9$ directions 9 :i* !y n[ occur1 su* z t ( ! piece 9 ,fig4 #g1 p4 #aag4de ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #f4 #e4 ,su*1 h[ev]1 is ! simple fact1 t :5 ! compact pact cry/all9es are ab\t to pass into slaty cry/all9es1 _! mica ?r[s itself into ^! b&s & zones1 undulat+ ar\nd knots ( ! o!r sub/ances :i* compose ! rock4 ,gradually ! knots dim9i% 9 size1 ! mica becomes m abundant & m def9ite 9 direction1 & at la/ ! mass1 :5 brok5 across ! b$s1 assumes ! appe>ance ( ,fig4 #f on ! la/ page4#df ,n[ x w be notic$ t1 9 ! l9es ( t figure1 no less ?an 9 ,fig4 #e1 ?\gh m delicately1 !re is a subdu$1 b cont9ual expression ( undulation4 ,?is "* belongs1 m or less1 to ne>ly ! :ole mass ( slaty cry/all9e rocks2 x is "o ( exquisite beauty1 & ( ! highe/ importance to _! picturesque =ms4 ,x is also "o ( z great my/]i\sness z beauty4 ,= ^! two figures are select$ f cry/all9es ^: b$s are rem>kably /raight2 9 ! great] numb] ! undulation becomes f> m viol5t1 &1 9 _m1 passes into absolute contortion4 ,fig4 #g is a piece ( a slaty cry/all9e1 ri* 9 mica1 f ! ,valley ( ,/4 ,nicolas1 bel[ ,z]matt4 ,! rock f :i* x 0 brok5 0 ?r[n into coils ?ree or f\r feet across3 ! fragm5t1 :i* is drawn ( ! real size1 0 at "o ( ! turns1 & came away l a ?ick portion ( a crumpl$ quire ( pap] f ! o!r %eets4#dg ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #g4 ,typical "* ( ,slaty ,cry/all9es4 #f4 ,i might devote half a volume to a description ( ! fanta/ic & incompreh5sible arrangem5t ( ^! rocks & _! ve9s2 b all t is necess>y = ! g5]al read] to "k or rememb]1 is ?is broad fact ( ! undulation ( _! :ole sub/ance4 ,= !re is some?+1 x seems to me1 inexpressibly m>vell\s 9 ?is ph5om5on1 l>gely look$ at4 ,x is to be rememb]$ t ^! are ! rocks :i*1 on ! av]age1 w be (t5e/ obs]v$1 & ) ! greate/ int]e/1 by ! human race4 ,! c5tral granites are too f> remov$1 ! l[] rocks too common1 to be c>efully /udi$2 ^! slaty cry/all9es =m ! noble/ hills t are easily accessible1 & seem to be ?us calculat$ especially to attract obs]vation1 & rew>d x4 ,well1 we beg9 to exam9e !m2 & fir/1 we f9d a notable h>dness 9 !m1 & a ?or\gh boldness ( g5]al "*1 :i* make u reg>d !m z v types ( p]fect rocks4 ,!y h no?+ ( ! look ( dri$ e>? ab\t !m1 no?+ petty or limit$ 9 ! display ( _! bulk4 ,:]e !y are1 !y seem to =m ! _w2 no m]e bank ( a riv] "h1 or ( a lane !re1 peep+ out among ! h$ges or =e/s3 b f ! l[e/ valley to ! highe/ cl\ds1 all is !irs--"o adamant9e dom9ion & rigid au?ority ( rock4 ,we yield ourselves to ! impression ( _! et]nal1 unconqu]able /ubbornness ( /r5g?2 _! mass seems ! lea/ yield+1 lea/ to be s(t5$1 or 9 anywise dealt ) by ext]nal =ce1 ( all e>?ly sub/ance4 ,&1 behold1 z we look f>!r into x1 x is all t\*$ & tr\bl$1 l waves by a summ] breeze2 rippl$1 f> m delicately ?an seas or lakes are rippl$2 !y only undulate along _! surfaces--?is rock trembles ?r\gh its e fibre1 l ! *ords ( an ,eolian h>p--l ! /ille/ air ( spr+ ) ! e*oes ( a *ild's voice4 ,into ! he>t ( all ^? great m\nta9s1 ?r\gh e toss+ ( _! b\ndless cre/s1 & deep b5ea? all _! unfa?omable defiles1 fl[s t /range quiv]+ ( _! sub/ance4 ,o!r & weak] ?+s seem to express _! subjection to an ,inf9ite p[] only by mom5t>y t]rors3 z ! we$s b[ d[n be=e ! fev]i% w9d1 & ! s\nd ( ! go+ 9 ! tops ( ! tall] trees passes on be=e ! cl\ds1 & ! fitful op5+ ( pale spaces on ! d>k wat] z if "s invisible h& 7 ca/+ du/ abroad ^u x1 gives w>n+ ( ! ang] t is to come1 we may well imag9e t !re is inde$ a fe> pass+ ^u ! grass1 & leaves1 & wat]s1 at ! pres5ce ( "s great _s commission$ to let ! tempe/ loose2 b ! t]ror passes1 & _! sweet re/ is p]petually re/or$ to ! pa/ures & ! waves4 ,n s to ! m\nta9s4 ,!y1 :i* at fir/ seem /r5g!n$ beyond ! dread ( any viol5ce or *ange1 are yet also orda9$ to be> ^u !m ! symbol ( a p]petual ,fe>3 ! tremor :i* fades f ! s(t lake & glid+ riv] is seal$1 to all et]nity1 ^u ! rock2 & :ile ?+s t pass visibly f bir? to dea? may sometimes =get _! feebl5ess1 ! m\nta9s are made to possess a p]petual memorial ( _! infancy1--t infancy :i* ! prophet saw 9 8 vision3 ,i beheld ! e>?1 & lo1 x 0 )\t =m & void1 & ! heav5s1 & !y _h no light4 ,i beheld ! m\nta9s1 & lo1 !y trembl$2 & all ! hills mov$ lightly4 ,s]viceable *>act]s ( ! ,slaty ,cry/all9es4 #a4 ,fitness = build+ )4 #g4 ,?us f> may we trace ! app>5t typical signification ( ! /ructure ( ^? noble rocks4 ,! mat]ial uses ( ?is /ructure are n less important4 ,^! sub/ances ( ! high] m\nta9s1 x is always to be rememb]$1 7 to be s h>d z to enable !m to be rais$ into1 & rema9 91 ! mo/ magnific5t =ms2 & ?is h>dness r5d]s x a matt] ( great difficulty = ! peasant to break !m into su* masses z are requir$ = 8 daily purposes4 ,he is compell$ 9 g5]al to ga!r ! fragm5ts :i* are to =m ! walls ( 8 h\se or 8 g>d5 f ! ru9s into :i* ! m\nta9 suff]s its ridges to be naturally brok52 & if ^! pieces 7 absolutely irregul> 9 %ape1 x w\ld be a matt] ( mu* labor & skill to build securely ) !m4 ,b ! flatt5$ arrangem5t ( ! lay]s ( mica always causes ! rock to break into flatti% fragm5ts1 requir+ h>dly any pa9s 9 ! plac+ !m s z to lie securely 9 a wall1 & furni%+ light1 broad1 & unflaw$ pieces to s]ve = slates ^u ! ro(2 = f5ces1 :5 set edgeways into ! gr\nd2 or = pavem5ts1 :5 laid flat4 #b4 ,/ability 9 dbris4 #h4 ,f>!r3 :5ev] rocks break into utt]ly irregul> fragm5ts1 ! masses ( dbris :i* !y =m are n only excessively difficult to walk ov]1 b ! pieces t\* ea* o!r 9 s few po9ts1 & suff] ! wat] to run s easily & s f> ?r\gh _! cavities1 t x takes a long s]ies ( ye>s to enable !m ei!r to settle !mselves firmly1 or receive ! smalle/ cov]+ ( vegetation4 ,:]e ! sub/ance ( ! /one is s(t1 x may soon be worn d[n1 s t ! irregul> =m is ( less consequ5ce4 ,b 9 ! h>d cry/all9es1 unless !y _h a t5d5cy to break into flatti% fragm5ts1 _! ru9 w\ld rema9 = c5turies 9 impassable desolation4 ,! flat %ape ( ! sep>ate pieces prev5ts ?is2 x p]mits--almo/ necessitates--_! fitt+ into & ov] ea* o!r 9 a tol]ably close mass1 & ?us !y become comp>atively easy to ! foot1 less p]meable to wat]1 & !re=e ret5tive bo? ( surface moi/ure & ( ! se$s ( vegetation4 #c4 ,security on declivities4 #i4 ,!re is ano!r result ( ne>ly equal importance z f> z reg>ds ! habitabl5ess ( ! hills4 ,:5 /ones are ?r[n toge!r 9 r\nd$ or massy blocks1 l a heap ( hazel nuts1 small =ce w sometimes di/urb _! balance2 & :5 once set 9 motion1 a squ>e-built & heavy fragm5t w ?und] d[n ev5 a slightly slop+ declivity1 ) an impetus z unlikely to be arre/$ z fatal 9 its increase4 ,b :5 /ones lie flatly1 z dead leaves lie1 x is n easy to tilt any "o ( !m ^u its edge1 s z to set x 9 motion2 & :5 once mov$1 x w ne>ly always slide1 n roll1 & be /opp$ by ! fir/ ob/acle x enc\nt]s1 cat*+ aga9/ x by ! edge1 or /rik+ into ! turf :]e fir/ x falls1 l a hat*et4 ,7 x n = ! m]ciful ord9ance t ! slaty cry/all9es %\ld break into ?9 & flatti% fragm5ts1 ! frequ5t falls ( /ones f ! hill sides w\ld r5d] _m spots among ! great] m\nta9 *a9s utt]ly un9habitable1 :i* are n[ comp>atively secure4 #d4 ,t5d5cy to =m ! lovelie/ sc5]y4 #aj4 ,( ! picturesque aspects :i* ?is mode ( cleavage produces 9 ! m\nta9s1 & 9 ! /ones ( ! =egr\nd1 we %all h to speak pres5tly2 ) reg>d to ! uses ( ! mat]ials x is only necess>y to note f>!r t ^! slaty rocks are ( c\rse1 by _! wilful way ( break+1 r5d]$ unfit = sculpture1 & = ne>ly all purposes ( art2 ! prop]ties :i* r5d] !m conv5i5t = ! peasant 9 build+ 8 cottage1 mak+ !m unavailable = ! ar*itecture ( m elaborate edifices4 ,"o v great advantage is ?us secur$ = ! sc5]y !y compose1 namely1 t x is r>ely brok5 by qu>ries4 ,a s+le qu>ry w (t5 spoil a :ole ,alp9e l&scape2 ! effect ( ! lovely bay ( ! ,lago ,maggiore1 = in/ance1 9 :i* lie ! ,borromean ,isl&s1 is1 9 great "p1 de/roy$ by ! sc> caus$ by a qu>ry ( p9k granite on its we/]n %ore2 & ! valley ( ,*am\ni itself has lo/ "s ( its lovelie/ rock sc5]y 9 consequ5ce ( ! un=tunate discov]y t ! b\ld]s :i* _h fall5 f its high] p9nacles1 & 7 ly+ 9 massy heaps among its p9es1 7 available = /one l9tels & door-po/s 9 ! build+ ( its new inns4 ,b ! slaty cry/all9es1 ?\gh sometimes conta9+ valuable m9es1 are h>dly ev] qu>ri$ = /one2 & ! sc5es !y compose reta91 9 g5]al1 little di/urb$ by man1 _! aspect ( melan*oly p[]1 or simple & noble peace4 ,! color ( _! own mass1 :5 fre%ly brok51 is ne>ly ! same z t ( ! compact cry/all9es2 b x is f> m v>i$ by ve9s & zones ( includ$ m9]als1 & conta9s usually m iron1 :i* gives a ri* br[n or gold5 color to _! expos$ sides1 s t ! color+ ( ^! rocks is ! mo/ gl[+ to be f\nd 9 ! m\nta9 _w4 ,!y =m also soil = vegetation m quickly1 & ( a m fruitful k9d ?an ! granites1 & appe>1 on ! :ole1 int5d$ to unite e "* ( gr&eur & ( beauty1 & to con/itute ! lovelie/ z well z ! noble/ sc5es :i* ! e>? ev] unfolds to ! eyes ( m54 ,,footnotes #de ,see aga9 ,app5dix #b4 ,slaty ,cleavage4 #df ,?is is a piece ( ! gneiss ( ! ,montanv]t1 ne> ! ,*lets ( ,blaitire dess\s4 #dg ,"s idea may be =m$ ( ! nature ( ^! incurvations by suppos+ ! gneiss b$s to h be5 9 a pla/ic /ate1 ei!r f ! action ( heat or ( "s o!r unkn[n cause1 &1 :ile 9 ?is /ate1 to h be5 subject$ to pressure at ! two extremities1 or 9 "s o!r p>ts1 accord+ to ! nature ( ! curvatures4 ,b ev5 ?is hypo!sis 7?\gh ! be/ t has be5 ?\ght (7 w sc>cely enable u to expla9 all ! contortions :i* n m]ely ! b$s ( gneiss1 b likewise ( mica slate & clay slate1 & ev5 greywacke slate1 exhibit4 ,!re is a b$ ( clay slate ne> ! f]ry to ,k]r]a1 a few miles s\? ( ,oban1 9 ,argyle%ire4 ,?is b$ has be5 p>tly wa/$ away by ! sea1 & its /ructure expos$ to view4 ,x conta9s a c5tral cyl9drical nucleus ( unkn[n l5g? 7b c]ta9ly consid]able71 r\nd :i* six b$s ( clay slate are wrapt1 ! "o )9 ! o!r1 s z to =m six conc5tric cyl9d]s4 ,n[1 h[ev] pla/ic ! clay slate may h be51 !re is no k9d ( pressure :i* w acc\nt = ?is /ructure2 ! c5tral cyl9d] w\ld h requir$ to h be5 roll$ six times 9 succession 7all[+ an int]val = solidification betwe5 ea*7 9 ! pla/ic clay slate4--,outl9es ( ,m9]alogy1 ,geology1 c41 by ,?omas ,?omson1 ,m4,d4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,( ,,! ,,mat]ials ,,( ,,m\nta9s3--,,?irdly1 ,,slaty ,,coh]5ts4 #a4 ,x w be rememb]$ t we resolv$ to give g5]ally ! t]m coh]5t to ^? rocks :i* appe>$ to be compos$ ( "o compact sub/ance1 n ( sev]al mat]ials4 ,b1 z 9 all ! arrangem5ts ( ,nature we f9d t h] sev]al classes pass into ea* o!r by imp]ceptible gradations1 & t !re is no rul+ ( r$ l9es betwe5 "o & ! o!r1 we ne$ n suppose t we %all f9d any pla9ly di/+ui%able limit betwe5 ! cry/all9e & coh]5t rocks4 ,sometimes1 inde$1 a v di/9ctly m>k$ cry/all9e w be jo9$ by a coh]5t rock s %>ply & neatly t x is possible to break (f specim5s1 no l>g] ?an a walnut1 conta9+ portions ( ea*2 b f> m frequ5tly ! transition f "o to ! o!r is effect$ gradually2 or1 if n1 !re exi/1 at any rate1 9 o!r places int]v5+1 a s]ies ( rocks :i* possess an imp]fectly cry/all9e "*1 pass+ d[n into t ( simple coh]5ce4 ,?is transition is usually effect$ ?r\gh ! diff]5t k9ds ( slate2 ! slaty cry/all9es becom+ m & m f9e 9 texture1 until at la/ !y appe> compos$ ( no?+ b v f9e mica or *lorite2 & ?is mass ( micace\s sub/ance becomes m & m compact & silky 9 texture1 los+ its magnesia1 & conta9+ m ( ! e>? :i* =ms ! sub/ance ( clay1 until at la/ x assumes ! famili> appe>ance ( ro(+-slate1 ! noble/ example ( ! coh]5t rocks4 ,i call x ! noble/1 z be+ ! ne>e/ to ! cry/all9es1 & possess+ mu* 9 common ) !m4 ,connect$ ) ?is well-kn[n sub/ance are enorm\s masses ( o!r rocks1 m or less resembl+ x 9 "*1 ( :i* ! foll[+ are univ]sal *>act]i/ics4 ,*>act]i/ics ( ,slaty ,coh]5ts4 #a4 ,s(tness ( texture4 #b4 ,lam9ation ( /ructure4 #b4 ,fir/4 ,!y ne>ly always1 z j said1 conta9 m ( ! e>?1 :i* is ! basis ( clay1 ?an ! cry/all9e rocks2 & !y c be scrat*$ or cru%$ ) mu* great] facility4 ,! po9t ( a knife w trace a cont9u\s p[d]y /reak ^u mo/ ( ! coh]5t rocks2 :ile x w be q p[]less aga9/ a l>ge portion ( ! granul> knots 9 ! cry/all9es4 ,besides ?is actual s(tness ( sub/ance1 ! slaty coh]5ts are capable ( v f9e division into flakes1 n irregul>ly & contort$ly1 l ! cry/all9es1 b /raightly1 s z to leave a silky lu/re on ! sides ( ! fragm5ts1 z 9 ro(+ slate2 & sep>at+ ) great ease1 yield+ to a slight pressure aga9/ ! edge4 ,consequ5tly1 al?\gh ! slaty coh]5ts are capable ( =m+ l>ge & bold m\nta9s1 !y are liable to all k9ds ( de/ruction & decay 9 a f> great] degree ?an ! cry/all9es2 giv+ way 9 l>ge masses "u fro/1 & crumbl+ into heaps ( flaky rubbi%1 :i* 9 its turn dissolves or is gr\nd d[n into impalpable du/ or mud1 & c>ri$ to great di/ances by ! m\nta9 /reams4 ,^! *>act]s r5d] ! slaty coh]5ts peculi>ly adapt$ = ! support ( vegetation2 & z1 ?\gh app>5tly homog5e\s1 !y usually conta9 z _m *emical elem5ts z ! cry/all9es1 !y con/itute 7z f> z reg>ds ! imm$iate n\ri%m5t ( soils7 ! mo/ important "p ( m\nta9 ranges4 #c4 ,d>kness & blu5ess 9 color4 #c4 ,i h already (t5 _h occasion to allude to ! app>5t connexion ( brilliancy ( color ) vigor ( life1 or purity ( sub/ance4 ,?is is preem95tly ! case 9 ! m9]al k+dom4 ,! p]fection ) :i* ! p>ticles ( any sub/ance unite 9 cry/allization corresponds1 9 t k+dom1 to ! vital p[] 9 organic nature2 & x is a univ]sal law1 t accord+ to ! purity ( any sub/ance1 & accord+ to ! en]gy ( its cry/allization1 is its beauty or brightness4 ,pure e>?s are )\t exception :ite :5 9 p[d]2 & ! same e>?s :i* are ! con/itu5ts ( clay & s&1 =m1 :5 cry/alliz$1 ! em]ald1 ruby1 sapphire1 ame?y/1 & opal4 ,d>kness & dulness ( color are ! univ]sal signs ( dissolution1 or disord]ly m+l+ ( elem5ts4#dh #d4 ,accord+ly1 ^! slaty coh]5ts1 be+ usually compos$ ( _m elem5ts imp]fectly unit$1 are also = ! mo/ "p grey1 black1 or dull purple2 ^? :i* are pure/ & h>de/ v]g+ mo/ ^u purple1 & "s ( !m 9 c]ta9 lights display+1 on _! smoo? sides1 v beautiful zones & *angeful spaces ( grey1 russet1 & obscure blue4 ,b ev5 ?is beauty is /rictly connect$ ) _! pres]vation ( su* firmness ( =m z prop]ly belongs to !m2 x is se5 *iefly on _! ev5 & silky surfaces2 less1 9 comp>ison1 ^u _! brok5 edges1 & is lo/ altoge!r :5 !y are r$uc$ to p[d]4 ,!y !n =m a dull grey du/1 or1 ) moi/ure1 a black slime1 ( great value z a vegetative e>?1 b ( int5se ugl9ess :5 x occurs 9 ext5d$ spaces 9 m\nta9 sc5]y4 ,& ?us ! slaty coh]5ts are (t5 employ$ to =m ^? l&scapes ( :i* ! purpose appe>s to be to impress u ) a s5se ( horror & pa91 z a foil to neighbor+ sc5es ( extreme beauty4 ,!re are _m spots among ! inf]ior ridges ( ! ,alps1 su* z ! ,col de ,f]ret1 ! ,col d',ant]ne1 & ! associat$ ranges ( ! ,buet1 :i*1 ?\gh comm&+ prospects ( great nobl5ess1 are !mselves v ne>ly types ( all t is mo/ pa9ful to ! human m9d4 ,va/ wa/es ( m\nta9 gr\nd1 cov]$ "h & !re ) dull grey grass1 or moss1 b break+ cont9ually into black banks ( %att]$ slate1 all gli/5+ & sodd5 ) sl[ trickl+s ( clogg$1 incapable /reams2 ! sn[ wat] ooz+ ?r\gh !m 9 a cold sweat1 & spread+ itself 9 creep+ /a9s among _! du/2 ev] & anon a %ak+ "h & !re1 & a h&ful or two ( _! p>ticles or flakes trembl+ d[n1 "o sees n :y1 into m total dissolution1 leav+ a few jagg$ tee?1 l ! edges ( knives eat5 away by v9eg>1 project+ ?r\gh ! half-dislodg$ mass f ! inn] rock1 ke5 en\gh to cut ! h& or foot t re/s on !m1 yet crumbl+ z !y w\nd1 & soon s9k+ aga9 into ! smoo?1 slipp]y1 glut9\s heap1 look+ l a bea* ( black scales ( dead fi%1 ca/ a%ore f a poison\s sea1 & slop+ away into f\l rav9es1 bran*$ d[n immeasurable slopes ( b>r5ness1 :]e ! w9ds h[l & w&] cont9ually1 & ! sn[ lies 9 wa/$ & sorr[ful fields1 cov]$ ) sooty du/1 t collects 9 /reaks & /a9s at ! bottom ( all its ?aw+ ripples4 ,i "k no o!r sc5es s appall+ z ^! 9 /orm1 or s w(ul 9 sun%9e4 #d4 ,great p[] ( support+ vegetation4 #e4 ,:]e1 h[ev]1 ^! same rocks exi/ 9 m favorable positions1 t is to say1 9 g5tl] banks & at l[] elevations1 !y =m a gr\nd = ! mo/ luxuriant vegetation2 & ! valleys ( ,savoy owe to !m "s ( _! lovelie/ solitudes1--exquisitely ri* pa/ures1 int]sp]s$ ) arable & or*>d l&1 & %ad$ by groves ( walnut & *]ry4 ,sc5es ( ?is k9d1 & ( t j describ$1 s s+ul>ly oppos$1 & app>5tly br\ght toge!r z foils to ea* o!r1 are1 h[ev]1 peculi> to c]ta9 b$s ( ! slaty coh]5ts1 :i* are bo? va/ 9 elevation1 & easy ( de/ruction4 ,9 ,wales & ,scotl&1 ! same gr\ps ( rocks possess f> great] h>dness1 :ile !y atta9 less elevation2 & ! result is a totally diff]5t aspect ( sc5]y4 ,! sev]ity ( ! climate1 & ! comp>ative durabl5ess ( ! rock1 =bid ! ri* vegetation2 b ! expos$ summits1 ?\gh b>r51 are n subject to laws ( de/ruction s rapid & fe>ful z 9 ,switz]l&2 & ! natural color ( ! rock is (t5] develop$ 9 ! purples & greys :i*1 m+l$ ) ! hea!r1 =m ! pr9cipal elem5ts ( ! deep & beautiful di/ant blue ( ! ,briti% hills4 ,_! g5tl] m\nta9 /reams also p]mit ! b$s ( rock to rema9 9 firm1 ?\gh fanta/ic1 =ms along _! banks1 & ! gradual action ( ! cascades & eddies ^u ! slaty cleavage produces _m pieces ( =egr\nd sc5]y to :i* high] hills c pres5t no p>allel4 ,( ^! peculi> conditions we %all h to speak at l5g? 9 ano!r place4 #e4 ,adaptation to ar*itecture & ! f9e arts4 #f4 ,z f> z reg>ds m9i/ry to ! purposes ( man1 ! slaty coh]5ts are ( some:at m value ?an ! slaty cry/all9es4 ,mo/ ( !m c be us$ 9 ! same way = r\gh build+s1 :ile !y furni% f9] plates or %eets = ro(+4 ,x w\ld be difficult1 p]haps1 to e/imate ! exact importance ( _! educational influ5ce 9 ! =m ( draw+-slate4 ,= sculpture !y are1 ( c\rse1 altoge!r unfit1 b ,i believe c]ta9 f9] conditions ( !m are employ$ = a d>k gr\nd 9 ,flor5t9e mosaic4 #g4 ,x rema9s only to be notic$1 t ! direction ( ! lam9ation 7or sep>ation into small folio7 is1 9 ^! rocks1 n always1 nor ev5 (t5 indicative ( ! true direction ( _! l>g] b$s4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 necess>y = ! read] to ent] into que/ions ( su* complicat$ nature z ^? :i* belong to ! /udy ( slaty cleavage2 & only a few po9ts1 :i* ,i c\ld n pass ov]1 are not$ 9 ! ,app5dix2 b x is necess>y to obs]ve "h1 t all rocks1 h[ev] con/itut$1 or h[ev] dispos$1 h c]ta9 ways ( break+ 9 "o direction r ?an ano!r1 & sep>at+ !mselves into blocks by means ( smoo? cracks or fissures1 te*nically call$ jo9ts1 :i* (t5 influ5ce _! =ms m ?an ei!r ! position ( _! b$s1 or _! slaty lam9ation2 & always are conspicu\s 9 _! wea!r$ masses4 ,( ^!1 h[ev]1 z x w\ld be we>isome to ent] into m detail at pres5t1 ,i r *oose to speak incid5tally1 z we meet ) examples ( _! results 9 ! sc5]y we h to /udy m p>ticul>ly4 ,,footnotes #dh ,comp>e ! close ( #aa1 ,*ap4 ,,iii4 ,vol4 ,,iii41 &1 "h1 ,*ap4 ,,iii4 #bc4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,( ,,! ,,mat]ials ,,( ,,m\nta9s3--,,f\r?ly1 ,,compact ,,coh]5ts4 #a4 ,?is gr\p ( rocks1 ! la/ we h to exam9e1 is1 z f> z respects geographical ext5t & usefulness to ! human race1 m important ?an any ( ! prec$+ ones4 ,x =ms ! great] "p ( all l[ hills & upl&s ?r\gh\t ! _w1 & supplies ! mo/ valuable mat]ials = build+ & sculpture1 be+ di/+ui%$ f ! gr\p ( ! slaty coh]5ts by its incapability ( be+ sep>at$ into ?9 %eets4 ,all ! rocks belong+ to ! gr\p break irregul>ly1 l loaf sug> or dri$ clay4 ,"s ( !m are compos$ ( h>d5$ calc>e\s matt]1 & are kn[n z lime/one2 o!rs are m]ely h>d5$ s&1 & are call$ free/one or s&/one2 & o!rs1 appe>+ to consi/ ( dry mud or clay1 are ( less g5]al importance1 & receive diff]5t names 9 diff]5t localities4 #b4 ,among ^! rocks1 ! =emo/ position is1 ( c\rse1 occupi$ by ! great gr\p ( ! m>bles1 ( :i* ! sub/ance appe>s to h be5 prep>$ expressly 9 ord] to af=d to human art a p]fect means ( c>ry+ out its purposes4 ,!y are ( exactly ! necess>y h>dness1--nei!r s s(t z to be incapable ( ma9ta9+ !mselves 9 delicate =ms1 nor s h>d z always to require a bl[ to give effect to ! sculptor's t\*2 ! m]e pressure ( 8 *isel produces a c]ta91 effect ^u !m4 ,! color ( ! :ite v>ieties is ( exquisite delicacy1 ow+ to ! p>tial transluc5cy ( ! pure rock2 & x has always appe>$ to me a mo/ wond]ful ord9ance1--"o ( ! mo/ m>k$ pieces ( purpose 9 ! creation1--t all ! v>iegat$ k9ds %\ld be comp>atively opaque1 s z to set (f ! color on ! surface1 :ile ! :ite1 :i* if x _h be5 opaque w\ld h look$ some:at co>se 7z1 = in/ance1 common *alk does71 is r5d]$ j transluc5t en\gh to give an impression ( extreme purity1 b n s transluc5t z to int]f]e 9 ! lea/ ) ! di/9ctness ( any =ms into :i* x is wr\ght4 ,! colors ( v>iegat$ m>bles are also = ! mo/ "p v beautiful1 especially ^? compos$ ( purple1 amb]1 & gre51 ) :ite2 & !re seems to be some?+ notably attractive to ! human m9d 9 ! vague & ve9$ labyr9?s ( _! arrangem5ts4 ,!y are f>!r m>k$ z ! prep>$ mat]ial = human "w by ! dep5d5ce ( _! beauty on smoo?ness ( surface2 = _! ve9s are usually se5 b dimly 9 ! native rock2 & ! colors !y assume "u ! action ( wea!r are inf]ior to ^? ( ! cry/all9es3 x is n until wr\ght & poli%$ by man t !y %[ _! "*4 ,f9ally1 !y d n decompose4 ,! ext]ior surface is sometimes de/roy$ by a sort ( me*anical disruption ( its out] flakes1 b r>ely to ! ext5t 9 :i* su* action takes place 9 o!r rocks2 & ! mo/ delicate sculptures1 if execut$ 9 good m>ble1 w rema9 = ages undet]iorat$4 #c4 ,qu>ries ( m>ble are1 h[ev]1 r>e1 & we owe ! greate/ "p ( ! good ar*itecture ( ?is _w to ! m ord9>y lime/ones & s&/ones1 easily obta9able 9 blocks ( consid]able size1 & capable ( be+ brok51 sawn1 or sculptur$ ) ease2 ! color1 g5]ally grey1 or w>m r$ 7! yell[ & :ite v>ieties becom+ grey ) age71 be+ exactly t :i* w di/+ui% build+s by an agreeable contra/ f ! vegetation by :i* !y may be surr\nd$4 ,to ^! inf]ior conditions ( ! compact coh]5ce we owe also ! great] "p ( ! pretty sc5]y ( ! inhabit$ globe4 ,! sweet w9d+ valleys1 ) peep+ cliffs on ei!r side2 ! light1 irregul> w&]+s ( brok5 /reamlets2 ! knolls & slopes cov]$ ) r\nd$ woods2 ! n>r[ rav9es1 c>pet$ ) gre5sw>d1 & haunt$ by traditions ( fairy or gnome2 ! jutt+ crags1 cr[n$ by ! ca/le or wat*-t[]2 ! :ite sea-cliff & %eep-f$ d[n2 ! long succession ( coteau1 sunburnt1 & bri/l+ ) v9es1--all ^! owe :atev] !y h ( simple beauty to ! peculi> nature ( ! gr\p ( rocks ( :i* we are speak+2 a gr\p :i*1 ?\gh occasionally f\nd 9 m\nta9 masses ( magnific5t =m & size1 is on ! :ole *>act]iz$ by a comp>ative smallness ( scale1 & a t5d5cy to display itself less 9 true m\nta9s ?an 9 elevat$ d[ns or pla9s1 ?r\gh :i* w9d+ valleys1 m or less deep1 are cut by ! action ( ! /reams4 #d4 ,x has be5 said t ?is gr\p ( rocks is di/+ui%$ by its incapability ( be+ sep>at$ into %eets4 ,?is is only true ( x 9 small portions1 = x is usually deposit$ 9 b$s or lay]s ( irregul> ?ickness1 :i* are easily sep>able f ea* o!r2 & :51 z n unfrequ5tly happ5s1 "s ( ^! b$s are only half an in* or a qu>t] ( an in* ?ick1 ! rock appe>s to break into flat plates l a slaty coh]5t4 ,b ?is appe>ance is deceptive4 ,h[ev] ?9 ! b$ may be1 x w be f\nd t x is 9 its own sub/ance compact1 & n sep>able into two o!r b$s2 b ! true slaty coh]5ts possess a delicate slat9ess ( /ructure1 c>ri$ into _! mo/ m9ute portions1 s t h[ev] ?9 a piece ( !m may be1 x is usually possible1 if we h in/rum5ts f9e en\gh1 to sep>ate x into two /ill ?9n] flakes4 ,z1 h[ev]1 ! slaty & compact cry/all9es1 s also ! slaty & compact coh]5ts pass into ea* o!r by subtle gradations1 & pres5t _m int]m$iate conditions1 v obscure & indef9able4 #e4 ,i said j n[ t ! colors ( ! compact coh]5ts 7 usually su* z w\ld pleasantly di/+ui% build+s f vegetation4 ,!y are s2 b consid]$ z ab/ract hues1 are yet f> less agreeable ?an ^? ( ! nobl] & old] rocks4 ,& x is to be notic$1 t z ^! inf]ior rocks are ! mat]ials ) :i* we usually build1 !y =m ! gr\nd ( ! idea sugge/$ to mo/ m5's m9ds by ! ^w /one1 & !re=e ! g5]al t]m /one-color is us$ 9 common p>lance z expressive ( ! hue to :i* ! compact coh]5ts = ! mo/ "p approximate4 ,by /one-color ,i suppose we all und]/& a sort ( tawny grey1 ) too mu* yell[ 9 x to be call$ cold1 & too little to be call$ w>m4 ,& x is q true t ov] enorm\s di/ricts ( ,europe1 compos$ ( :at are te*nically kn[n z ,jura & m\nta9 lime/ones1 & v>i\s pale s&/ones1 su* is g5]ally ! color ( any fre%ly brok5 rock :i* peeps out along ! sides ( _! g5tl] hills4 ,x becomes a little grey] z x is color$ by "t1 b nev] rea*es any?+ l ! noble hues ( ! gneiss & slate2 ! v li*5s :i* gr[ ^u x are poor] & pal]2 & al?\gh ! deep wood mosses w sometimes bury x altoge!r 9 gold5 cu%ions1 ! m9or mosses1 ^: (fice is to decorate & *equ] ! rocks )\t conceal+ !m1 are always m meagrely set on ^! lime/ones ?an on ! cry/all9es4 #f4 ,i nev] h _h "t to exam9e & ?r[ into classes ! v>ieties ( ! mosses :i* gr[ on ! two k9ds ( rock1 nor h ,i be5 able to asc]ta9 :e!r !re are really num]\s diff]5ces betwe5 ! species1 or :e!r !y only gr[ m luxuriantly on ! cry/all9es ?an on ! coh]5ts4 ,b ?is is c]ta91 t on ! brok5 rocks ( ! =egr\nd 9 ! cry/all9e gr\ps ! mosses seem to set !mselves cons5tfully & delib]ately to ! task ( produc+ ! mo/ exquisite h>monies ( color 9 _! p[]4 ,!y w n conceal ! =m ( ! rock1 b w ga!r ov] x 9 little br[n bosses1 l small cu%ions ( velvet made ( mix$ ?reads ( d>k ruby silk & gold1 r\nd$ ov] m subdu$ films ( :ite & grey1 ) lightly crisp$ & curl$ edges l ho> fro/ on fall5 leaves1 & m9ute clu/]s ( upright orange /alks ) po9t$ caps1 & fibres ( deep gre51 & gold1 & fa9t purple pass+ into black1 all wov5 toge!r1 & foll[+ ) unimag9able f95ess ( g5tle gr[? ! undulation ( ! /one !y *]i%1 until x is *>g$ ) color s t x c receive no m2 & in/ead ( look+ rugg$1 or cold1 or /]n1 z any?+ t a rock is held to be at he>t1 x seems to be clo!d ) a s(t1 d>k leop>d sk91 embroid]$ ) arabesque ( purple & silv]4 ,b 9 ! l[] ranges ?is is n s4 ,! mosses gr[ 9 m indep5d5t spots1 n 9 su* a cl++ & t5d] way ov] ! :ole surface2 ! li*5s are f> poor] & few]2 & ! color ( ! /one itself is se5 m frequ5tly2 alt]$1 if at all1 only into a little *ill] grey ?an :5 x is fre%ly brok54 ,s t a lime/one l&scape is apt to be dull1 & cold 9 g5]al tone1 ) "s aspect ev5 ( b>r5ness4 ,! s&/ones are mu* ri*] 9 vegetation3 !re are1 p]haps1 no sc5es 9 our own isl& m int]e/+ ?an ! wood$ d+les :i* trav]se !m1 ! r$ rocks gr[+ out on ei!r side1 & %elv+ d[n into ! pools ( _! deep br[n riv]s1 z at ,j$burgh & ,langholme2 ! /eep oak copses climb+ ! banks1 ! pal] plumes ( bir* %ak+ !mselves free into ! light ( ! sky above1 & ! few ar*es ( ! mona/]y :]e ! fields 9 ! gl5 are gre5e/1 or ! /ones ( ! bord] t[] :]e its cliffs are /eepe/1 r5d]+ bo? field & cliff a ?\s&fold m de> to ! he>t & sight4 ,b depriv$ ( associations1 & comp>$ 9 _! m]e natural beauty ) ! rav9es ( ! c5tral ranges1 !re c be no "q b t ev5 ! lovelie/ passages ( su* sc5]y are imp]fect & poor 9 =egr\nd color4 ,& at fir/ !re w\ld seem to be an unfairness 9 ?is1 unlike ! usual sy/em ( comp5sation :i* s (t5 manife/s itself ?r\gh\t nature4 ,! high] m\nta9s h _! sc5es ( p[] & va/ness1 _! blue precipices & cl\d-l sn[s3 :y %\ld !y also h ! be/ & faire/ colors giv5 to _! =egr\nd rocks1 & ov]burd5 ! human m9d ) wond]2 :ile ! less maje/ic sc5]y1 tempt+ u to ! obs]vance ( details = :i* amid/ ! high] m\nta9s we _h no admiration left1 is yet1 9 ! beauty ( ^? v details1 z inf]ior z x is 9 scale ( magnitude8 #g4 ,i believe ! answ] mu/ be1 simply1 t x is n good = man to live among :at is mo/ beautiful2--t he is a creature incapable ( satisfaction by any?+ ^u e>?2 & t to all[ him habitually to possess1 9 any k9d :atsoev]1 ! utmo/ t e>? c give1 is ! sure/ way to ca/ him into lassitude or discont5t4 ,if ! mo/ exquisite or*e/ral music c\ld be cont9u$ )\t a pause = a s]ies ( ye>s1 & *ildr5 7 br\ght up & educat$ 9 ! room 9 :i* x 0 p]petually res\nd+1 ,i believe _! enjoym5t ( music1 or und]/&+ ( x1 w\ld be v small4 ,& an accurately p>allel effect seems to be produc$ ^u ! p[]s ( contemplation1 by ! r$undant & ceaseless lovel9ess ( ! high m\nta9 di/ricts4 ,! faculties are p>alyz$ by ! abundance1 & cease1 z we be=e notic$ ( ! imag9ation1 to be capable ( excitem5t1 except by o!r subjects ( int]e/ ?an ^? :i* pres5t !mselves to ! eye4 ,s t x is1 9 reality1 bett] = mank9d t ! =ms ( _! common l&scape %\ld (f] no viol5t /imulus to ! emotions1--t ! g5tle upl&1 br[n$ by ! b5d+ furr[s ( ! pl\gh1 & ! fre% sweep ( ! *alk d[n1 & ! n>r[ w9d+ ( ! copse-clad d+le1 %\ld be m frequ5t sc5es ( human life ?an ! ,arcadias ( cl\d-capp$ m\nta9 or luxuriant vale2 & t1 :ile humbl] 7?\gh always inf9ite7 s\rces ( int]e/ are giv5 to ea* ( u ar\nd ! homes to :i* we are re/ra9$ = ! great] "p ( our lives1 ^! mighti] & /rang] glories %\ld become ! objects ( adv5ture1--at once ! cynosures ( ! fancies ( *ildhood1 & !mes ( ! happy memory1 & ! w9t]'s tale ( age4 #h4 ,nor is x always t ! inf]iority is felt4 ,=1 s natural is x to ! human he>t to fix itself 9 hope r ?an 9 pres5t possession1 & s subtle is ! *>m :i* ! imag9ation ca/s ov] :at is di/ant or d5i$1 t !re is (t5 a m t\*+ p[] 9 ! sc5es :i* conta9 f>-away promise ( some?+ great] ?an !mselves1 ?an 9 ^? :i* exhau/ ! treasures & p[]s ( ,nature 9 an unconqu]able & excell5t glory1 leav+ no?+ m to be by ! fancy pictur$1 or pursu$4 ,i d n "k t !re is a di/rict 9 ! _w m calculat$ to illu/rate ?is p[] ( ! expectant imag9ation1 ?an t :i* surr\nds ! city ( ,frib\rg 9 ,switz]l&1 ext5d+ f x t[>ds ,b]ne4 ,x is ( grey s&/one1 consid]ably elevat$1 b pres5t+ no object ( /rik+ int]e/ to ! pass+ travell]2 s t1 z x is g5]ally se5 9 ! c\rse ( a ha/y j\rney f ! ,b]nese ,alps to ^? ( ,savoy1 x is r>ely reg>d$ ) any o!r s5sation ?an t ( we>9ess1 all ! m pa9ful because accompani$ ) reaction f ! high excitem5t caus$ by ! spl5dor ( ! ,b]nese ,ob]l&4 ,! travell]1 footsore1 fev]i%1 & satiat$ ) glaci] & precipice1 lies back 9 ! corn] ( ! dilig5ce1 p]ceiv+ little m ?an t ! road is w9d+ & hilly1 & ! c\ntry ?r\gh :i* x passes cultivat$ & tame4 ,let him1 h[ev]1 only d ?is tame c\ntry ! ju/ice ( /ay+ 9 x a few days1 until 8 m9d has recov]$ its tone1 & take "o or two long walks ?r\gh its fields1 & he w h o!r ?\ghts ( x4 ,x is1 z ,i said1 an undulat+ di/rict ( grey s&/one1 nev] atta9+ any consid]able height1 b hav+ en\gh ( ! m\nta9 _s to ?r[ itself into cont9ual succession ( bold slope & dale2 elevat$1 also1 j f> en\gh above ! sea to r5d] ! p9e a frequ5t =e/ tree along its irregul> ridges4 ,?r\gh ?is elevat$ tract ! riv] cuts its way 9 a rav9e "s five or six hundr$ feet 9 dep?1 :i* w9ds = leagues betwe5 ! g5tle hills1 un?\ght (1 until its edge is approa*$2 & !n sudd5ly1 ?r\gh ! b\ghs ( ! firs1 ! eye p]ceives1 b5ea?1 ! gre5 & glid+ /ream1 & ! broad walls ( s&/one cliff t =m its banks2 holl[$ out :]e ! riv] leans aga9/ !m1 at its turns1 into p]il\s ov]hang+1 &1 on ! o!r %ore1 at ! same spots1 leav+ little bread?s ( mead[ betwe5 !m & ! wat]1 half-ov]gr[n ) ?icket1 des]t$ 9 _! sweetness1 inaccessible f above1 & r>ely visit$ by any curi\s w&]]s along ! h>dly traceable footpa? :i* /ruggles = exi/5ce b5ea? ! rocks4 ,& !re ! riv] ripples1 & eddies1 & murmurs 9 an utt] solitude4 ,x is pass+ ?r\gh ! mid/ ( a ?ickly peopl$ c\ntry2 b nev] 0 a /ream s lonely4 ,! feeble/ & mo/ f>-away torr5t among ! high hills has its companions3 ! goats br[se beside x2 & ! travell] dr9ks f x1 & passes ov] x ) 8 /aff2 & ! peasant traces a new *annel = x d[n to 8 mill-:eel4 ,b ?is /ream has no companions3 x fl[s on 9 an inf9ite seclusion1 n secret nor ?reat5+1 b a quietness ( sweet daylight & op5 air1--a broad space ( t5d] & deep desolat5ess1 droop$ into repose out ( ! mid/ ( human labor & life2 ! waves pla%+ l[ly1 ) none to he> !m2 & ! wild birds build+ 9 ! b\ghs1 ) none to fray !m away2 & ! s(t1 fragrant h]bs ris+1 & brea?+1 & fad+1 ) no h& to ga!r !m2--& yet all bright & b>e to ! cl\ds above1 & to ! fre% fall ( ! pass+ sun%9e & pure ra94 #i4 ,b above ! br[s ( ^? sc>p$ cliffs1 all is 9 an in/ant *ang$4 ,a few /eps only beyond ! firs t /ret* _! bran*es1 angul>1 & wild1 & :ite1 l =ks ( lightn+1 into ! air ( ! rav9e1 & we are 9 an arable c\ntry ( ! mo/ p]fect ri*ness2 ! swa!s ( its corn gl[+ & burn+ f field to field2 its pretty hamlets all vivid ) fruitful or*>ds & fl[]y g>d5s1 & goodly ) /eep-ro($ /oreh\se & b>n2 its well-kept1 h>d1 p>k-l roads ris+ & fall+ f hillside to hillside1 or disappe>+ among br[n banks ( moss1 & ?ickets ( ! wild raspb]ry & rose2 or gleam+ ?r\gh l9es ( tall trees1 half glade1 half av5ue1 :]e ! gate op5s1 or ! gateless pa? turns tru/$ly aside1 unh9d]$1 into ! g>d5 ( "s /ateli] h\se1 surr\nd$ 9 rural pride ) its gold5 hives1 & c>v$ gran>ies1 & irregul> doma9 ( lattic$ & espali]$ cottages1 gladd5+ to look ^u 9 _! delicate homel9ess--delicate1 yet1 9 "s sort1 rude2 n l our ,engli% homes--trim1 labori\s1 =mal1 irreproa*able 9 com=t2 b ) a peculi> c>elessness & l>g5ess 9 all _! detail1 h>moniz+ ) ! outlaw$ lovel9ess ( _! c\ntry4 ,= !re is an untam$ /r5g? ev5 9 all t s(t & habitable l&4 ,x is1 inde$1 gild$ ) corn & fragrant ) deep grass1 b x is n subdu$ to ! pl\gh or to ! scy!4 ,x gives at its own free w1--x seems to h no?+ wre/$ f x nor conqu]$ 9 x4 ,x is n r$eem$ f des]tness1 b unre/ra9$ 9 fruitfulness1--a g5]\s l&1 bright ) caprici\s pl5ty1 & laugh+ f vale to vale 9 fitful fulness1 k9d & wild2 nor ?is )\t "s /]n] elem5t m+l$ 9 ! he>t ( x4 ,= along all its ridges /& ! d>k masses ( innum]able p9es1 tak+ no "p 9 its gladness1 ass]t+ !mselves = ev] z fix$ %ad[s1 n to be pi]c$ or bani%$1 ev5 9 ! int5se/ sunlight2 fall5 flakes & fragm5ts ( ! night1 /ay$ 9 _! solemn squ>es 9 ! mid/ ( all ! rosy b5d+s ( ! or*>d b\ghs1 & yell[ effulg5ce ( ! h>ve/1 & trac+ !mselves 9 black network & motionless fr+es aga9/ ! blan*$ blue ( ! horizon 9 its sa9tly cle>ness4 ,& yet !y d n sadd5 ! l&scape1 b seem to h be5 set !re *iefly to %[ h[ bright ev]y?+ else is r\nd !m2 & all ! cl\ds look ( pur] silv]1 & all ! air seems fill$ ) a :it] & m liv+ sun%9e1 :]e !y are pi]c$ by ! sable po9ts ( ! p9es2 & all ! pa/ures look ( m gl[+ gre51 :]e !y run up betwe5 ! purple trunks3 & ! sweet field footpa?s skirt ! edges ( ! =e/ = ! sake ( its %ade1 slop+ up & d[n ab\t ! slipp]y roots1 & los+ !mselves e n[ & !n hopelessly among ! violets1 & gr\nd ivy1 & br[n %$d+s ( ! fibr\s leaves2 &1 at la/1 plung+ into "s op5 aisle :]e ! light ?r\gh ! di/ant /ems %[s t !re is a *ance ( com+ out aga9 on ! o!r side2 & com+ out1 inde$1 9 a little :ile1 f ! sc5t$ d>kness1 into ! dazzl+ air & m>vell\s l&scape1 t /ret*es /ill f>!r & f>!r 9 new wilfulness ( grove & g>d51 until1 at la/1 ! craggy m\nta9s ( ! ,simm5?al rise out ( x1 %>p into ! roll+ ( ! s\!rn cl\ds4 #aj4 ,i believe1 = g5]al developm5t ( human intellig5ce & s5sibility1 c\ntry ( ?is k9d is ab\t ! mo/ p]fect t exi/s4 ,a ri*] l&scape1 z t ( ,italy1 en]vates1 or causes wantonness2 a poor] contracts ! conceptions1 & h>d5s ! temp]am5t ( bo? m9d & body2 & "o m curi\sly or prom95tly beautiful dead5s ! s5se ( beauty4 ,ev5 :at is "h ( attractiv5ess1--f> exce$+1 z x does t ( mo/ ( ! ?ickly peopl$ di/ricts ( ! temp]ate zone1--seems to act h>mfully on ! poetical "* ( ! ,swiss2 b take its inhabitants all 9 all1 z ) deep love & /]n p5etration !y are pa9t$ 9 ! works ( _! pr9cipal writ]1 ,got!lf1 & ,i believe we %all n easily f9d a peasantry :i* w\ld completely su/a9 comp>ison ) !m4 #aa4 ,b be ?is z x may1 x is c]ta9 t ! compact coh]5t rocks are appo9t$ to =m ! greate/ "p ( ! e>?'s surface1 & by _! utility1 & easily *ang$ & gov]n$ qualities1 to tempt man to dwell among !m2 be+1 h[ev]1 9 c\ntries n def9itely m\nta9\s1 usually cov]$ to a c]ta9 dep? by ^? b$s ( loose gravel & s& to :i* we agre$ to give ! "n ( diluvium4 ,!re is no?+ :i* w require to be not$ respect+ ^! la/1 except ! =ms into :i* !y are br\ght by ! action ( wat]2 & ! acc\nt ( ^! belongs prop]ly to ! bran* ( inquiry :i* foll[s next 9 ! ord] we propos$ to ourselves1 namely1 t t\*+ ! sculpture ( m\nta9s1 to :i* x w be be/ to devote "s sep>ate *apt]s2 ?is only be+ not$ 9 conclusion respect+ ! v>i\s rocks ^: nature we h be5 describ+1 t out ( ! entire s]ies ( !m we may obta9 almo/ e color pleasant to human sight1 n ! less s = be+ g5]ally a little s(t5$ or sadd5$4 ,?us we h beautiful subdu$ r$s1 rea*+ tones ( deep purple1 9 ! porphyries1 & ( pale rose color1 9 ! granites2 e k9d ( silv]y & lead5 grey1 pass+ into purple1 9 ! slates2 deep gre51 & e hue ( gre5i% grey1 9 ! volcanic rocks & s]p5t9es2 ri* orange1 & gold5 br[n1 9 ! gneiss2 black1 9 ! lias lime/ones2 & all ^!1 toge!r ) pure :ite1 9 ! m>bles4 ,"o color only we h>dly ev] get 9 an expos$ rock--t dull br[n :i* we notic$ above1 9 speak+ ( color g5]ally1 z ! mo/ repulsive ( all hues2 e approximation to x is s(t5$ by nature1 :5 expos$ to ! atmosph]e1 into a purple grey4 ,all ?is c h>dly be o!rwise int]pret$1 ?an z prep>$ = ! delight & recreation ( man2 & ,i tru/ t ! "t may soon come :5 ^! b5efic5t & beautiful gifts ( color may be rightly felt & wisely employ$1 & :5 ! v>iegat$ fronts ( our h\ses may r5d] ! t]m /one-color z little def9ite 9 ! m9d ( ! ar*itect z t ( fl[]-color w\ld be to ! horticulturi/4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,on ,,! ,,sculpture ,,( ,,m\nta9s3--,,fir/1 ,,! ,,lat]al ,,ranges4 #a4 ,close beside ! pa? by :i* travell]s asc5d ! ,montanv]t f ! valley ( ,*am\ni1 on ! "r h&1 :]e x fir/ beg9s to rise among ! p9es1 !re desc5ds a small /ream f ! foot ( ! granite peak kn[n to ! guides z ! ,aiguille ,*>moz4 ,x is conceal$ f ! travell] by a ?icket ( ald]1 & its murmur is h>dly he>d1 = x is "o ( ! weake/ /reams ( ! valley4 ,b x is a con/ant /ream2 f$ by a p]man5t ?\gh small glaci]1 & cont9u+ to fl[ ev5 to ! close ( ! summ]1 :5 m copi\s torr5ts1 dep5d+ only on ! melt+ ( ! l[] sn[s1 h left _! b$s /ony *annels 9 ! sun4 ,i suppose t my read]s mu/ be g5]ally aw>e t glaci]s are masses ( ice 9 sl[ motion1 at ! rate ( f t5 to tw5ty in*es a day1 & t ! /ones :i* are caught betwe5 !m & ! rocks ov] :i* !y pass1 or :i* are emb$d$ 9 ! ice & dragg$ along by x ov] ^? rocks1 are ( c\rse subject$ to a cru%+ & gr9d+ p[] altoge!r unp>allel$ by any o!r =ce 9 con/ant action4 ,! du/ to :i* ^! /ones are r$uc$ by ! friction is c>ri$ d[n by ! /reams :i* fl[ f ! melt+ glaci]1 s t ! wat] :i* 9 ! morn+ may be pure1 ow+ :at little /r5g? x has *iefly to ! rock spr+s1 is 9 ! aft]noon n only increas$ 9 volume1 b :it5$ ) dissolv$ du/ ( granite1 9 proportion to ! heat ( ! prec$+ h\rs ( ! day1 & to ! p[] & size ( ! glaci] :i* fe$s x4 #b4 ,! long dr\ght :i* took place 9 ! autumn ( ! ye> #ahed1 seal+ e s\rce ( wat]s except ^! p]petual ones1 left ! torr5t ( :i* ,i am speak+1 & su* o!rs1 9 a /ate peculi>ly favorable to obs]vance ( _! lea/ action on ! m\nta9s f :i* !y desc5d4 ,!y 7 entirely limit$ to _! own ice f\nta9s1 & ! quantity ( p[d]$ rock :i* !y br\ght d[n 01 ( c\rse1 at its m9imum1 be+ ne>ly unm+l$ ) any e>? d]iv$ f ! dissolution ( s(t] soil1 or vegetable m\ld1 by ra9s4 ,at ?ree 9 ! aft]noon1 on a w>m day 9 ,septemb]1 :5 ! torr5t _h rea*$ its av]age maximum /r5g? = ! day1 ,i fill$ an ord9>y ,bordeaux w9e-flask ) ! wat] :]e x 0 lea/ turbid4 ,f ?is qu>t ( wat] ,i obta9$ tw5ty-f\r gra9s ( s& & s$im5t1 m or less f9e4 ,i _c e/imate ! quantity ( wat] 9 ! /ream2 b ! runlet ( x at :i* ,i fill$ ! flask 0 giv+ ab\t two hundr$ bottles a m9ute1 or r m1 c>ry+ d[n !re=e ab\t ?ree qu>t]s ( a p\nd ( p[d]$ granite e m9ute4 ,?is w\ld be =ty-five p\nds an h\r2 b all[+ = ! inf]ior p[] ( ! /ream 9 ! cool] p]iods ( ! day1 & tak+ into consid]ation1 on ! o!r side1 its increas$ p[] 9 ra91 we may1 ,i ?9k1 e/imate its av]age h\r's "w at tw5ty-eight or ?irty p\nds1 or a hundr$ weight e f\r h\rs4 ,by ?is insignificant runlet1 !re=e1 "s f\r in*es wide & f\r in*es deep1 r m ?an two tons ( ! sub/ance ( ! ,mont ,blanc are displac$1 & c>ri$ d[n a c]ta9 di/ance e week2 & z x is only = ?ree or f\r mon?s t ! fl[ ( ! /ream is *eck$ by fro/1 we may c]ta9ly all[ eighty tons = ! mass :i* x annually moves4 #c4 ,x is n wor? :ile to ent] into any calculation ( ! relation borne by ?is runlet to ! great torr5ts :i* desc5d f ! *a9 ( ,mont ,blanc into ! valley ( ,*am\ni4 ,to call x ! ?\s&? "p ( ! glaci] wat]s1 w\ld give a ludicr\s "u-e/imate ( _! total p[]2 b ev5 s call+ x1 we %\ld f9d = result t eighty ?\s& tons ( m\nta9 mu/ be ye>ly trans=m$ into drift$ s&1 & c>ri$ d[n a c]ta9 di/ance4#di ,h[ mu* great] ?an ?is is ! actual quantity s trans=m$ ,i _c tell2 b take ?is quantity z c]ta91 & consid] t ?is repres5ts m]ely ! results ( ! labor ( ! con/ant summ] /reams1 utt]ly irrespective ( all sudd5 falls ( /ones & ( masses ( m\nta9 7a s+le ?und]bolt w sometimes leave a sc> on ! flank ( a s(t rock1 look+ l a tr5* = a railroad72 & we %all !n beg9 to appreh5d some?+ ( ! op]ation ( ! great laws ( *ange1 :i* are ! conditions ( all mat]ial exi/5ce1 h[ev] app>5tly endur+4 ,! hills1 :i*1 z comp>$ ) liv+ be+s1 seem ev]la/+1 are1 9 tru?1 z p]i%+ z !y3 its ve9s ( fl[+ f\nta9 we>y ! m\nta9 he>t1 z ! crimson pulse does ours2 ! natural =ce ( ! iron crag is abat$ 9 its appo9t$ "t1 l ! /r5g? ( ! s9ews 9 a human old age2 & x is b ! lapse ( ! long] ye>s ( decay :i*1 9 ! sight ( its ,creator1 di/+ui%es ! m\nta9 range f ! mo? & ! worm4 #d4 ,& h5ce two que/ions arise ( ! deepe/ int]e/4 ,f :at fir/ creat$ =ms 7 ! m\nta9s br\ght into _! pres5t condition8 into :at =ms w !y *ange 9 ! c\rse ( ages8 ,0 ! _w anci5tly 9 a m or less p]fect /ate ?an x is n[8 0 x less or m fitt$ = ! habitation ( ! human race8 & are ! *anges :i* x is n[ und]go+ favorable to t race or n8 ,! pres5t con=mation ( ! e>? appe>s dictat$1 z has be5 %[n 9 ! prec$+ *apt]s1 by supreme wisdom & k9dness4 ,& yet its =m] /ate mu/ h be5 diff]5t f :at x is n[2 z its pres5t "o f t :i* x mu/ assume h]eaft]4 ,is ?is1 !re=e1 ! e>?'s prime into :i* we are born2 or is x1 ) all its beauty1 only ! wreck ( ,p>adise8 ,i _c entangle ! read] 9 ! intricacy ( ! inquiries necess>y = any?+ l a satisfactory solution ( ^! que/ions4 ,b1 7 he to engage 9 su* inquiries1 _! result w\ld be 8 /rong conviction ( ! e>?'s hav+ be5 br\ght f a /ate 9 :i* x 0 utt]ly un9habitable into "o fitt$ = man2--( its hav+ be51 :5 fir/ inhabitable1 m beautiful ?an x is n[2 & ( its gradually t5d+ to /ill great] inf]iority ( aspect1 & unfitness = abode4 ,x has1 inde$1 be5 ! endeavor ( "s geologi/s to prove t de/ruction & r5ovation are cont9ually proce$+ simultane\sly 9 m\nta9s z well z 9 organic creatures2 t :ile exi/+ em95ces are be+ sl[ly l[]$1 o!rs1 9 ord] to supply _! place1 are be+ sl[ly elevat$2 & t :at is lo/ 9 beauty or heal?9ess 9 "o spot is ga9$ 9 ano!r4 ,b ,i _c ass5t to su* a conclusion4 ,evid5ce altoge!r incontrov]tible po9ts to a /ate ( ! e>? 9 :i* x c\ld be t5ant$ only by l[] animals1 fitt$ = ! circum/ances "u :i* !y liv$ by peculi> organizations4 ,f ?is /ate x is admitt$ gradually to h be5 br\ght into t 9 :i* we n[ see x2 & ! circum/ances ( ! exi/+ disp5sation1 :atev] may be ! date ( its endurance1 seem to me to po9t n less cle>ly to an end ?an to an orig92 to a creation1 :5 ! e>? 0 )\t =m & void1 & to a close1 :5 x mu/ ei!r be r5ovat$ or de/roy$4 #e4 ,9 "o s5se1 & 9 "o only1 ! idea ( a cont9u\s ord] ( ?+s is admissible1 9 s f> z ! ph5om5a :i* introduc$1 & ^? :i* are to t]m9ate1 ! exi/+ disp5sation1 may h be51 & may 9 future be1 no?+ m ?an a gigantic developm5t ( ag5cies :i* are 9 cont9ual op]ation ar\nd u4 ,! exp]i5ce we possess ( volcanic ag5cy is n yet l>ge en\gh to enable u to set limits to its =ce2 & z we see ! r>ity ( subt]rane\s action g5]ally proportion$ to its viol5ce1 !re may be appo9t$1 9 ! natural ord] ( ?+s1 convulsions to take place aft] c]ta9 epo*s1 on a scale :i* ! human race has n yet liv$ long en\gh to witness4 ,! s(t silv] cl\d :i* wri!s innoc5tly on ! cre/ ( ,vesuvius1 re/s !re )\t int]mission2 b ! fury :i* lays cities 9 sepul*res ( lava bur/s =? only aft] int]vals ( c5turies2 & ! /ill fi]c] indignation ( ! great] volcanoes1 :i* make half ! globe vibrate ) e>?quake1 & %rivels up :ole k+doms ) flame1 is record$ only 9 dim di/ances ( hi/ory3 s t x is n irrational to admit t !re may yet be p[]s dormant1 n de/roy$1 b5ea? ! app>5tly calm surface ( ! e>?1 ^: date ( re/ is ! endurance ( ! human race1 & ^: date ( action mu/ be t ( its doom4 ,b :e!r su* colossal ag5cies are inde$ 9 ! exi/+ ord] ( ?+s or n1 /ill ! effective tru?1 = u1 is "o & ! same4 ,! e>?1 z a torm5t$ & trembl+ ball1 may h roll$ 9 space = myriads ( ages be=e humanity 0 =m$ f its du/2 & z a deva/at$ ru9 x may cont9ue to roll1 :5 all t du/ %all aga9 h be5 m+l$ ) a%es t nev] 7 w>m$ by life1 or pollut$ by s94 ,b = u ! intelligible & sub/antial fact is t ! e>? has be5 br\ght1 by =ces we "k n (1 into a =m fitt$ = our habitation3 on t =m a gradual1 b de/ructive1 *ange is cont9ually tak+ place1 & ! c\rse ( t *ange po9ts cle>ly to a p]iod :5 x w no m be fitt$ = ! dwell+-place ( m54 #f4 ,x is1 !re=e1 n s mu* :at ^! =ms ( ! e>? actually are1 z :at !y are cont9ually becom+1 t we h to obs]ve2 nor is x possible ?us to obs]ve !m )\t an in/9ctive ref]5ce to ! fir/ /ate out ( :i* !y h be5 br\ght4 ,! exi/+ torr5t has dug its b$ a ?\s& feet deep4 ,b 9 :at =m 0 ! m\nta9 orig9ally rais$ :i* gave t torr5t its track & p[]8 ,! exi/+ precipice is wr\ght into t[]s & ba/ions by ! p]petual fall ( its fragm5ts4 ,9 :at =m did x /& be=e a s+le fragm5t fell8 ,yet to su* que/ions1 cont9ually sugge/+ !mselves1 x is nev] possible to give a complete answ]4 ,= a c]ta9 di/ance1 ! pa/ "w ( exi/+ =ces c be trac$2 b !re gradually ! mi/ ga!rs1 & ! foot/eps ( m gigantic ag5cies are traceable 9 ! d>kness2 & /ill1 z we endeavor to p5etrate f>!r & f>!r into dep>t$ "t1 ! ?und] ( ! ,almighty p[] s\nds l\d] & l\d]2 & ! cl\ds ga!r broad] & m fe>fully1 until at la/ ! ,s9ai ( ! _w is se5 altoge!r ^u a smoke1 & ! f5ce ( its foot is rea*$1 :i* none c break ?r\gh4 #g4 ,if1 !re=e1 we v5ture to advance t[>ds ! spot :]e ! cl\d fir/ comes d[n1 x is r ) ! purpose ( fully po9t+ out t !re is a cl\d1 ?an ( ent]+ into x4 ,x is well to h be5 fully conv9c$ ( ! exi/5ce ( ! my/]y1 9 an age f> too apt to suppose t ev]y?+ :i* is visible is explicable1 & ev]y?+ t is pres5t1 et]nal4 ,b besides asc]ta9+ ! exi/5ce ( ?is my/]y1 we %all p]haps be able to =m "s new conjectures respect+ ! facts ( m\nta9 aspects 9 ! pa/ ages4 ,n respect+ ! processes or p[]s to :i* ! hills owe _! orig91 b respect+ ! aspect !y fir/ assum$4 #h4 ,= x is evid5t t1 ?r\gh all _! ru91 "s traces mu/ /ill exi/ ( ! orig9al cont\rs4 ,! directions 9 :i* ! mass gives way mu/ h be5 dictat$ by ! disposition ( its anci5t sides2 & ! curr5ts ( ! /reams t we> its flanks mu/ /ill1 9 great "p1 foll[ ! c\rse ( ! primal valleys4 ,s t1 9 ! actual =m ( any m\nta9 peak1 !re mu/ usually be traceable ! %ad[ or skeleton ( its =m] self2 l ! obscure indications ( ! fir/ frame ( a w>-worn t[]1 pres]v$1 9 "s places1 "u ! heap ( its ru9s1 9 o!rs to be re/or$ 9 imag9ation f ! ?9 remnants ( its tott]+ %ell2 :ile "h & !re1 9 "s %elt]$ spot1 a few unfall5 /ones reta9 _! ,go?ic sculpture1 & a few t\*es ( ! *isel1 or /a9s ( color1 in=m u ( ! :ole m9d & p]fect skill ( ! old design]4 ,) ?is great diff]5ce1 nev]!less1 t 9 ! human ar*itecture ! build] did n calculate ^u ru91 nor appo9t ! c\rse ( imp5d5t desolation2 b t 9 ! h& ( ! great ,ar*itect ( ! m\nta9s1 "t & decay are z mu* ! in/rum5ts ( ,8 purpose z ! =ces by :i* ,he fir/ l$ =? ! troops ( hills 9 leap+ flocks3--! lightn+ & ! torr5t1 & ! wa/+ & we>9ess ( innum]able ages1 all be> _! "p 9 ! work+ out ( "o consi/5t plan2 & ! ,build] ( ! temple = ev] /&s beside ,8 "w1 appo9t+ ! /one t is to fall1 & ! pill> t is to be abas$1 & guid+ all ! seem+ wildness ( *ance & *ange1 into orda9$ spl5dors & =ese5 h>monies4 #i4 ,m\nta9 masses1 !n1 consid]$ ) respect to _! fir/ rais+ & fir/ sculpture1 may be conv5i5tly divid$ into two great gr\ps2 namely1 ^? made up ( b$s or lay]s1 commonly call$ /ratifi$2 & ^? made ( m or less unit$ sub/ance1 call$ un/ratifi$4 ,! =m] are ne>ly always compos$ ( coh]5t rocks1 ! latt] ( cry/all9es2 & ! =m] almo/ always occupy ! outside1 ! latt] ! c5tre ( m\nta9 *a9s4 ,x signifies1 !re=e1 v little :e!r we di/+ui% ! gr\ps by call+ "o /ratifi$ & ! o!r un/ratifi$1 or "o coh]5t & ! o!r cry/all9e1 or "o lat]al & ! o!r c5tral4 ,b z ?is la/ di/9ction 9 position seems to h m influ5ce on _! =ms ?an ei!r ( ! o!rs1 x is1 p]haps1 be/1 :5 we are exam9+ !m 9 connection ) art1 t ?is %\ld be ?or\ghly kept 9 m9d2 & !re=e we w consid] ! fir/ gr\p "u ! title ( lat]al ranges1 & ! second "u t ( c5tral peaks4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #h4 #aj4 ,! ,,lat]al ,,ranges1 :i* we are fir/ to exam9e1 are1 = ! mo/ "p1 broad tabul> masses ( s&/one1 lime/one1 or :atev] _! mat]ial may be1--tilt$ slightly up ov] l>ge spaces 7sev]al or _m miles squ>e71 & =m+ precipices ) _! expos$ edges1 z a book re/+ obliquely on ano!r book =ms m9iature precipices ) its back & sides4 ,! book is a tol]ably accurate repres5tation ( ! m\nta9 9 sub/ance1 z well z 9 ext]nal aspect2 ne>ly all ^! tabul> masses ( rock be+ compos$ ( a multitude ( ?9n] b$s or lay]s1 z ! ?ickness ( ! book is made up ( its leaves2 :ile e "o ( ! m\nta9 leaves is usually writt5 ov]1 ?\gh 9 dim *>act]s1 l ^? ( a fad$ manuscript1 ) hi/ory ( dep>t$ ages4 ,h[ 7 ^! m\nta9 volumes rais$1 & h[ are !y support$8 are ! natural que/ions foll[+ su* a /atem5t4 ,& ! only answ] is3 ,behold ! cl\d4 ,no eye has ev] se5 "o ( ^! rais$ on a l>ge scale2 no inve/igation has br\ght completely to light ! conditions "u :i* ! mat]ials :i* support !m 7 prep>$4 ,?is only is ! simple fact1 t !y are rais$ into su* slop+ positions2 g5]ally sev]al re/+ "o ^u ano!r1 l a r[ ( books fall5 d[n 7,fig4 #h72 ! la/ book be+ usually propp$ by a piece ( =mless compact cry/all9e rock1 repres5t$ by ! piece ( crumpl$ pap] at a4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #i4 #aa4 ,x is ano!r simple fact t ?is arrangem5t is n effect$ 9 an ord]ly & s]5e mann]2 b t ! books1 if !y 7 ev] neatly b\nd1 h be5 fe>fully torn to pieces & dog's-e>$ 9 ! c\rse ( _! elevation2 sometimes torn leaf f leaf1 b m commonly r5t across1 z if ! pap] _h be5 wet & s(t3 or1 to leave ! book similitude1 :i* is becom+ inconv5i5t1 ! b$s seem to h be5 9 ! consi/5ce ( a pa/e1 m or less dry2 9 "s places brittle1 & break+1 l a cake1 fairly across2 9 o!rs moi/ & t\gh1 & te>+ l d\gh1 or b5d+ l hot iron2 &1 9 o!rs1 cru%$ & %iv]+ into du/1 l unanneal$ glass4 ,& 9 ^! v>i\s /ates !y are ei!r b5t or brok51 or %iv]$1 z ! case may be1 into fragm5ts ( v>i\s %apes1 :i* are usually toss$ "o on top ( ano!r1 z above describ$2 b1 ( c\rse1 "u su* circum/ances1 pres5t+1 n ! uni=m edges ( ! books1 b jagg$ edges1 z 9 ,fig4 #i4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aj4 #ab4 ,d n let x be said t ,i am pass+ my prescrib$ limits1 & t ,i h tri$ to ent] ! cl\ds1 & am describ+ op]ations :i* h nev] be5 witness$4 ,i describe facts or semblances1 n op]ations4 ,i say seem to h be51 n h be54 ,i say are b5t2 ,i d n say h be5 b5t4 ,mo/ travell]s mu/ rememb] ! entrance to ! valley ( ,cluse1 f ! pla9 ( ,bonneville1 on ! road f ,g5eva to ,*am\ni4 ,!y rememb] t imm$iately aft] ent]+ x !y f9d a great precipice on _! left1 n less ?an two ?\s& feet 9 p]p5dicul> height4 ,t precipice is =m$ by b$s ( lime/one b5t l a ra9b[1 z 9 ,fig4 #aj4 ,_! edges con/itute ! cliff2 ! flat ar* :i* !y =m ) _! backs is cov]$ ) p9e =e/s & mead[s1 ext5d+ = ?ree or f\r leagues 9 ! direction ( ,sixt4 ,:e!r ! :ole m\nta9 0 call$ out ( no?+ into ! =m x possesses1 or creat$ fir/ 9 ! =m ( a level mass1 & !n actually b5t & brok5 by ext]nal =ce1 is q irrelevant to our pres5t purpose2 b x is impossible to describe its =m )\t appe>+ to imply ! latt] alt]native2 & all ! di/9ct evid5ce :i* c be obta9$ ^u ! subject po9ts to su* a conclusion1 al?\gh !re are c]ta9 features 9 su* m\nta9s :i*1 up to ! pres5t "t1 h r5d]$ all positive conclusion impossible1 n because !y contradict ! !ories 9 "q1 b because !y are utt]ly inexplicable on any !ory :atev]4 #ac4 ,we return !n to our ,fig4 #i1 repres5t+ b$s :i* appe> to h be5 brok5 %ort (f at ! edges4 ,if !y ev] 7 actually brok51 ! read] asks1 :at c\ld h become ( ! bits8 ,sometimes !y seem to h be5 lo/1 c>ri$ away no "o kn[s :]e4 ,sometimes !y are really f\nd 9 scatt]$ fragm5ts or du/ 9 ! neighborhood4 ,sometimes ! m\nta9 is simply brok5 9 two1 & ! pieces correspond to ea* o!r1 only leav+ a valley betwe52 b m frequ5tly "o half slips d[n1 or ! o!r is pu%$ up4 ,9 su* cases1 ! co9cid5ce ( "p ) "p is sometimes s exact1 t half ( a brok5 pebble has be5 f\nd on "o side1 & ! o!r half five or six hundr$ feet bel[1 on ! o!r4 #ad4 ,! b$s1 h[ev]1 :i* are to =m m\nta9s ( any em95ce are seldom divid$ 9 ?is g5tle way4 ,if brittle1 "o w\ld ?9k !y _h be5 brok5 z a capta9's biscuit breaks1 leav+ %>p & ragg$ edges2 & if t\gh1 !y appe> to h be5 torn asund] v mu* l a piece ( new *eese4 ,! b$s :i* pres5t ! mo/ def9ite appe>ances ( abrupt fracture1 are ^? ( t grey or black lime/one above describ$ 7,*ap4 x4 #d71 =m$ into a numb] ( ?9 lay]s or leaves1 commonly sep>at$ by filmy spread+s ( calc>e\s s&1 h>d :5 dry1 b easily s(t5$ by moi/ure2 ! :ole1 consid]$ z a mass1 easily friable1 ?\gh p>ticul> b$s may be v ?ick & h>d4 ,imag9e a lay] ( su* sub/ance1 ?ree or f\r ?\s& feet ?ick1 brok5 ) a %>p cra% ?r\gh ! middle1 & "o piece ( x ?r[n up z 9 ,fig4 #aa4 ,x is evid5t t ! fir/ result ( su* a %ock w\ld be a complete %att]+ ( ! consi/5ce ( ! brok5 edges1 & t ^! w\ld fall1 "s on ! in/ant1 & o!rs tott]+ & crumbl+ away f "t to "t1 until ! cliff _h got 9 "s degree settl$ into a t5able =m4 ,! fall5 fragm5ts w\ld lie 9 a confus$ heap at ! bottom1 hid+ p]haps "o half ( its height1 z 9 ,fig4 #ab2 ! top ( x1 wr\ght into some:at less ragg$ %ape1 w\ld !nce=? submit itself only to ! gradual influ5ces ( "t & /orm4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aa4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ab4 ,i d n say t ?is op]ation has actually tak5 place4 ,i m]ely say t su* cliffs d 9 multitudes exi/ 9 ! =m %[n at ,fig4 #ab1 or1 m prop]ly speak+1 9 t =m modifi$ by ag5cies 9 visible op]ation1 ^: "w c be trac$ ^u !m1 t\* by t\*4 ,b ! condition at ,fig4 #ab is ! fir/ r\gh block+ out ( _! =m1 ! primal /ate 9 :i* !y demon/rably 71 "s ?\s&s ( ye>s ago1 b beyond :i* no human reason c trace !m )\t dang] ( error4 ,! cl\d fa/5s ^u !m !re4 #ae4 ,x is r>e1 h[ev]1 t su* a cliff z t repres5t$ 9 ,fig4 #ab c ma9ta9 itself long 9 su* a cont\r4 ,usually x m\ld]s gradually away into a /eep m\nd or bank2 & ! l>g] numb] ( bold cliffs are compos$ ( f> m solid rock1 :i* 9 its g5]al make is q un%att]$ & flawless2 app>5tly unaffect$1 z f> z its coh]5ce is conc]n$1 by any %ock x may h suff]$ 9 be+ rais$ to its position1 or hewn into its =m4 ,b$s occur 9 ! ,alps compos$ ( solid coh]5t lime/one 7su* z t famili> to ! ,engli% travell] 9 ! cliffs ( ,matlock & ,bri/ol71 #cjjj or #djjj feet ?ick1 & brok5 %ort (f ?r\gh\t a great "p ( ?is ?ickness1 =m+ ne>ly#ej %e] precipices n less ?an #aejj or #bjjj feet 9 height1 aft] all d$uction has be5 made = slopes ( dbris at ! bottom1 & = r\nd$ dim9ution at ! top4 #af4 ,! geologi/ plunges into vague suppositions & fanta/ic !ories 9 ord] to acc\nt = ^! cliffs2 b1 aft] all t c be dream$ or discov]$1 !y rema9 9 great "p inexplicable4 ,if !y 7 int]iorly %att]$1 x w\ld be easy to und]/& t1 9 _! h>d5$ condition1 !y _h be5 brok5 viol5tly asund]2 b x is n easy to conceive a firm cliff ( lime/one brok5 ?r\gh a ?ickness ( #bjjj feet )\t %[+ a crack 9 any o!r "p ( x4 ,if !y 7 divid$ 9 a s(t /ate1 l t ( pa/e1 x is /ill less easy to und]/& h[ any su* s(t mat]ial c\ld ma9ta9 itself1 till x dri$1 9 ! =m ( a cliff s enorm\s & s pond]\s3 x mu/ h fl[$ d[n f ! top1 or squeez$ itself out 9 bulg+ protub]ance at ! base4 ,b x has done nei!r2 & we are left to *oose betwe5 ! suppositions t ! m\nta9 0 creat$ 9 a =m approximat+ to t :i* x n[ we>s1 or t ! %ock :i* produc$ x 0 s viol5t & irresi/ible1 z to d its "w neatly 9 an in/ant1 & cause no flaws to ! rock except 9 ! actual l9e ( fracture4 ,! =ce mu/ h be5 analog\s ei!r to ! light & %>p bl[ ( ! hamm] ) :i* "o breaks a /one into two pieces z x lies 9 ! h&1 or ! p>t+ caus$ by settlem5t "u great weight1 l ! cracks ?r\gh ! brickwork ( a mod]n ill-built h\se4 ,& yet ! v b$s :i* seem at ! "t !y 7 brok5 to h possess$ ?is firmness ( consi/5cy1 are also b5t ?r\gh\t _! :ole body into waves1 app>5tly foll[+ ! action ( ! =ce t fractur$ !m1 l waves ( sea "u ! w9d4 ,truly ! cl\d lies d>kly ^u u "h6 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ac4 #ag4 ,& x r5d]s ^! precipices m rem>kable t !re is 9 !m no pr9ciple ( comp5sation aga9/ de/ructive influ5ces4 ,!y are n clov5 back cont9ually into new cliffs1 z our *alk %ores are by ! sea2 o!rwise1 "o might attribute _! fir/ exi/5ce to ! =ce ( /reams4 ,b1 on ! contr>y1 ! action ( ye>s ^u !m is n[ always "o ( det]ioration4 ,! increas+ heap ( fall5 fragm5ts conceals m & m ( _! base1 & ! we>+ ( ! ra9 l[]s ! height & s(t5s ! /]nness ( _! br[s1 s t a great "p ( _! t]ror has evid5tly be5 subdu$ by "t2 & ! f>!r we endeavor to p5etrate _! hi/ory1 ! m my/]i\s are ! =ms we are requir$ to expla94 ,! ?ree great repres5tative =ms ( /ratifi$ m\nta9s4 #ah4 ,hi!rto1 h[ev]1 = ! sake ( cle>ness1 we h spok5 ( hills z if !y 7 compos$ ( a s+le mass or volume ( rock4 ,x is v seldom t !y are s4 ,two or ?ree lay]s are usually rais$ at once1 ) c]ta9 g5]al results on m\nta9 =m1 :i* x is next necess>y to exam9e4 #a4 ,wall above slope4 #a/4 ,suppose a s]ies ( b$s rais$ 9 ! condition a1 ,fig4 #ac1 ! l[e/ s(t1 ! upp]mo/ compact2 x is evid5t t ! l[] b$s w\ld rapidly crumble away1 & ! compact mass above break = want ( support1 until ! rocks b5ea? _h rea*$ a slope at :i* !y c\ld securely su/a9 !mselves1 z well z ! weight ( wall above1 ?us br++ ! hill into ! outl9e b4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ad4 #b4 ,slope above wall4 #b;d4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 ! hill 7 orig9ally rais$ z at c1 ! s(te/ b$s be+ at ! top1 ^! w\ld crumble into _! smoo? slope )\t affect+ ! outl9e ( ! mass bel[1 & ! hill w\ld assume ! =m d1 l>ge masses ( dbris be+ 9 ei!r ( ^! two cases accumulat$ at ! foot ( ! slope1 or ( ! cliff4 ,^! fir/ ru9s might1 by subsequ5t *anges1 be v>i\sly engulf$1 c>ri$ away1 or cov]$ ov]1 s z to leave no?+ visible1 or at lea/ no?+ notable1 b ! great cliff ) its slope above or bel[ x4 ,)\t insi/+ on ! evid5ces or probabilities ( su* con/ruction1 x is suffici5t to /ate t m\nta9s ( ! two types1 b & d1 are exce$+ly common 9 all p>ts ( ! _w2 & ?\gh ( c\rse confus$ ) o!rs1 & !mselves always m or less imp]fectly develop$1 yet !y are1 on ! :ole1 s+ul>ly def9ite z classes ( hills1 examples ( :i* c h>dly b rema9 cle>ly impress$ on ! m9d ( e travell]4 ,( ! fir/1 b1 ,salisbury ,crags1 ne> ,ed9burgh1 is a ne>ly p]fect in/ance1 ?\gh on a dim9utive scale4 ,! cliffs ( ,laut]brunn51 9 ! ,ob]l&1 are almo/ )\t exception =m$ on ! type d4 #c4 ,slope & wall alt]nately4 #c;d4 ,:5 ! elevat$ mass1 in/ead ( consi/+ m]ely ( two great divisions1 includes alt]nately h>d & s(t b$s1 z at a1 ,fig4 #ad1 ! v]tical cliffs & incl9$ banks alt]nate ) ea* o!r1 & ! m\nta9 rises on a s]ies ( /eps1 ) rec$+ slopes ( turf or dbris on ! l$ge ( ea*1 z at b4 ,at ! head ( ! valley ( ,sixt1 9 ,savoy1 huge masses ( m\nta9 connect$ ) ! ,buet are ?us con/ruct$3 _! slopes are q smoo?1 & compos$ ( good pa/ure l&1 & ! cliffs 9 _m places lit]ally v]tical4 ,9 ! summ] ! peasants make hay on ! incl9$ pa/ures2 & ! hay is c>ri$ by m]ely b9d+ ! haycocks tight & roll+ !m d[n ! slope & ov] ! cliff1 :5 ,i h he>d !m fall to ! bank bel[1 a height ( f five to eight hundr$ feet1 ) a s\nd l ! di/ant report ( a heavy piece ( artill]y4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ae4 #ai4 ,! next po9t ( importance 9 ^! b$s is ! curvature1 to :i*1 z well z to fracture1 !y seem to h be5 subject$4 ,?is curvature is n to be conf\nd$ ) t rippl+ or undulat+ "* ( e portion ( ! slaty cry/all9e rocks above describ$4 ,i am n[ speak+ ( all k9ds ( rocks indiff]5tly2--n ( _! appe>ance 9 small pieces1 b ( _! great cont\rs 9 masses1 ?\s&s ( feet ?ick4 ,& x is almo/ univ]sally true ( ^! masses t !y d n m]ely lie 9 flat sup]position "o ov] ano!r1 z ! books 9 ,fig4 #h2 b !y lie 9 waves1 m or less va/ & sweep+ accord+ to ! scale ( ! c\ntry1 z 9 ,fig4 #ae1 :]e ! di/ance f "o side ( ! figure to ! o!r is suppos$ to be f\r or five leagues4 #bj4 ,n[1 obs]ve1 if ! precipices :i* we h j be5 describ+ _h be5 brok5 :5 _! sub/ance 0 9 a h>d /ate1 !re appe>s no reason :y any connexion %\ld be app>5t betwe5 ! en]gy ( undulation & ^! brok5 rocks4 ,if ! cont9u\s waves 7 caus$ by convulsive movem5ts ( ! e>?'s surface :ile its sub/ance 0 pliable1 & 7 left 9 repose = s long a p]iod z to become p]fectly h>d be=e !y 7 brok5 into cliffs1 !re seems no reason :y ! second s]ies ( %ocks %\ld s closely h conf9$ itself to ! locality :i* _h suff]$ ! fir/1 t ! mo/ abrupt precipices %\ld always be associat$ ) ! wilde/ waves4 ,we might h expect$ t sometimes we %\ld h _h noble cliffs rais$ :]e ! waves _h be5 slight2 & sometimes l[ & slight fractures :]e ! waves _h be5 viol5t4 ,b ?is is n s4 ,! contortions & fractures be> always su* relation to ea* o!r z appe>s positively to imply contemporane\s =mation4 ,?r\gh all ! l[l& di/ricts ( ! _w ! av]age cont\r ( ! waves ( rock is some:at z repres5t$ 9 ,fig4 #af a1 & ! little cliffs or hills =m$ at ! edges ( ! b$s 7:e!r by fracture1 or1 z (t5] happ5s 9 su* c\ntries1 by gradual wa%+ away "u ! surge ( anci5t seas7 are no high]1 9 proportion to ! ext5t ( surface1 ?an ! little /eps se5 9 ! c5tre ( ! figure4 ,su* is ! nature1 & su* ! scale1 ( ! ranges ( hills :i* =m our own d[ns & wolds1 & ! ,fr5* coteaux beside _! w9d+ riv]s4 ,b z we approa* ! hill c\ntries1 ! undulation becomes m m>k$1 & ! crags m bold2 s t almo/ any portion ( su* m\nta9 ranges z ! ,jura or ! ,vosges w pres5t itself "u conditions su* z ^? at b1 ! precipices at ! edges be+ bold] 9 exact proportion to ! viol5ce ( wave4 ,&1 f9ally1 9 ! c5tral & noble/ *a9s ! undulation becomes lit]ally contortion2 ! b$s occur 9 su* positions z ^? at c1 & ! precipices are bold & t]rific 9 exact proportion to ?is exagg]at$ & trem5d\s contortion4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #af4 #ba4 ,^! facts appe> to be j z contr>y to ! supposition ( ! m\nta9s hav+ be5 =m$ :ile ! rocks 7 h>d1 z ! consid]ations adduc$ 9 #ae are to t ( _! be+ =m$ :ile !y 7 s(t4 ,& ,i believe ! m ! read] revolves ! subject 9 8 ?\ghts1 & ! m opportunities he has ( exam9+ ! exi/+ facts1 ! less explicable ^? facts w become to him1 & ! m rev]5t w be 8 ackn[l$gm5t ( ! pres5ce ( ! cl\d4 ,=1 z he exam9es m cle>ly ! /ructure ( ! great m\nta9 ranges1 he w f9d t ?\gh inv>iably ! bolde/ =ms are associat$ ) ! mo/ viol5t contortions1 !y sometimes foll[ ! contortions1 & sometimes appe> entirely indep5d5t ( !m4 ,= in/ance1 9 cross+ ! pass ( ! ,tte ,noire1 if ! travell] def]s 8 j\rney till ne> ! aft]noon1 s t f ! top ( ! pass he may see ! great lime/one m\nta9 9 ! ,valais1 call$ ! ,d5t de ,morcles1 "u ! full ev5+ light1 he w obs]ve t its peaks are hewn out ( a gr\p ( contort$ b$s1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #d1 ,plate #bi4 ,! wild & irregul> zigzag ( ! b$s1 :i* trav]se ! face ( ! cliff ) ! irregul>ity ( a fla% ( lightn+1 has app>5tly n ! slighte/ influ5ce on ! outl9e ( ! peak4 ,x has be5 c>v$ out ( ! mass1 ) no ref]5ce :atev] to ! int]ior /ructure4 ,9 l mann]1 z we %all see h]eaft]1 ! mo/ wond]ful peak 9 ! :ole range ( ! ,alps seems to h be5 cut out ( a s]ies ( ne>ly horizontal b$s1 z a squ>e pill> ( hay is cut out ( a half-consum$ hay/ack4 ,& yet1 on ! o!r h&1 we meet p]petually ) in/ances 9 :i* ! curves ( ! b$s h 9 great "p direct$ ! %ape ( ! :ole mass ( m\nta94 ,! gorge :i* leads f ! village ( ,ardon1 9 ! ,valais1 up to ! root ( ! ,diabl]ets1 runs betwe5 two ranges ( lime/one hills1 ( :i* ! rude cont\r is giv5 9 ,fig4 #ag1 page #aed4 ,! great slope se5 on ! left1 ris+ ab\t sev5 ?\s& feet above ! rav9e1 is no?+ b ! back ( "o %eet ( lime/one1 ^: brok5 edge =ms ! fir/ cliff at ! top1 a height ( ab\t six hundr$ feet1 ! second cliff be+ ! edge ( ano!r b$ em]g5t b5ea? x1 & ! slope beyond1 ! surface ( a ?ird4 ,^! b$s ( lime/one all desc5d at a uni=m incl9ation into ! gorge1 :]e !y are snapp$ %ort (f1 ! torr5t cutt+ its way along ! cleft1 :ile ! b$s rise on ! o!r side 9 a huge contort$ wave1 =m+ ! ridge ( m\nta9s on ! "r1--a *a9 ab\t sev5 miles 9 l5g?1 & f five ?\s& to six ?\s& feet 9 height4 ,! actual ord] ( ! b$s is se5 9 ,fig4 #ah1 & x is "o ( ! bolde/ & cle>e/ examples ( ! =m ( m\nta9s be+ correspond5t to ! curves ( b$s :i* ,i h ev] se52 x also exhibits a condition ( ! summits :i* is ( con/ant occurr5ce 9 /ratifi$ hills1 & peculi>ly important z giv+ rise to ! s]rat$ /ructure1 r5d]$ classical by ! ,spani>ds 9 _! univ]sal t]m = m\nta9 ridges1 ,si]ra1 & obta9+ = "o ( ! mo/ important memb]s ( ! ,comasque *a9 ( ,alps its well kn[n ,italian "n--,il ,resegone4 ,su* m\nta9s are n m]ely successions ( irregul> peaks1 m or less resembl+ ! edge ( a mu*-hack$ sword2 !y are ord]ly successions ( tee? set 9 "o direction1 closely resembl+ ^? ( a some:at ov]worn saw1 & ne>ly always produc$ by successive b$s em]g+ "o f b5ea? ! o!r4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ah4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ag4 #bb4 ,9 all su* cases !re is an inf9itely great] difficulty 9 acc\nt+ = ! =ms ?an 9 expla9+ ! fracture ( a s+le b$4 ,h[1 & :51 & :]e1 7 ! o!r portions c>ri$ away8 ,0 ea* b$ once cont9u\s ov] a mu* l>g] space f ! po9t :]e its edge is n[ brok5 (f1 or h su* b$s slipp$ back into "s gulf beh9d !m8 ,x is v easy = geologi/s to speak g5]ally ( elevation & convulsion1 b v difficult to expla9 :at sort ( convulsion x c\ld be :i* pass$ =w>d f ! edge ( "o b$ to ! edge ( ano!r1 & broke ! requir$ portion (f ea* )\t di/urb+ ! re/4 ,try ! exp]im5t 9 ! simple/ way3 put half a doz5 ( h>d capta9's biscuits 9 a slop+ position on a table1 & !n try1 z !y lie1 to break ! edge ( ea*1 "o by "o1 )\t di/urb+ ! re/4 ,at lea/1 y w h to raise ! edge be=e y c break x2 to put y\r h& und]nea?1 betwe5 x & ! next biscuit1 be=e y c get any pur*ase on x4 ,:at =ce 0 x t put its f+]s betwe5 "o b$ ( lime/one #fjj feet ?ick & ! next b5ea?8 ,if y try to break ! biscuits by a bl[ f above1 obs]ve ! necess>y =ce ( y\r bl[1 & !n conceive1 if y c1 ! sort ( hamm] t 0 requir$ to break ! #fjj feet ( rock ?r\gh 9 ! same way4 ,b1 also1 y w1 t5 to "o1 break two biscuits at ! same "t4 ,n[1 9 ^! s]rat$ =mations1 two biscuits are nev] brok5 at ! same "t4 ,!re is no appe>ance ( ! slighte/ j> hav+ tak5 place affect+ ! b$ b5ea?4 ,if !re be1 a huge cliff or gorge is =m$ at t spot1 n a si]ra4 ,?us1 9 ,fig4 #ah1 ! b$s are affect$ ?r\gh\t _! unit$ body by ! %ock :i* =m$ ! rav9e at a2 b !y are brok51 "o by "o1 into ! cliffs at b & c4 ,sometimes "o is tempt$ to ?9k t !y mu/ h be5 slipp$ back1 "o f (f ! o!r2 b !re is nev] any appe>ance ( friction hav+ tak5 place on _! expos$ surfaces2 9 ! plurality ( in/ances _! cont9uance or rise f _! roots 9 waves 7see ,fig4 #af above7 r5d]s ! ?+ utt]ly impossible2 & 9 ! few in/ances :i* h be5 kn[n ( su* action actually tak+ place 7:i* h always be5 on a small scale71 ! slid+ b$ has be5 torn into a ?\s& fragm5ts almo/ z soon z x began to move4#ea #bc4 ,&1 f9ally1 suppos+ a =ce f\nd capable ( break+ ^! b$s 9 ! mann] requir$1 :at =ce 0 x t c>ri$ ! fragm5ts away8 ,h[ 7 ! gigantic fields ( %att]$ m>ble convey$ f ! l$ges :i* 7 to rema9 expos$8 ,no signs ( viol5ce are f\nd on ^! l$ges2 :at m>ks !re are1 ! ra9 & natural decay h s(tly trac$ ?r\gh a long s]ies ( ye>s4 ,^? v "t-m>ks may h inde$ effac$ m]e sup]ficial appe>ances ( convulsion2 b c\ld !y h effac$ all evid5ce ( ! action ( su* floods z w\ld h be5 necess>y to c>ry bodily away ! :ole ru9 ( a block ( m>ble leagues 9 l5g? & bread?1 & a qu>t] ( a mile ?ick8 ,pond] ov] ! int5se m>vell\sness ( ?is4 ,! b$ at c 7,fig4 #ah7 mu/ fir/ be brok5 ?r\gh ! mid/ ( x into a %>p precipice1 )\t at all di/urb+ x else:]e2 & !n all ( x beyond c is to be brok5 up1 & c>ri$ p]fectly away1 )\t di/urb+ or we>+ d[n ! face ( ! cliff at c4 ,& yet no trace ( ! means by :i* all ?is 0 effect$ is left4 ,! rock /&s =? 9 its :ite & rugg$ my/]y1 z if its peak _h be5 born out ( ! blue sky4 ,! /r5g? t rais$ x1 & ! sea t wr\ght ^u x1 h pass$ away1 & left no sign2 & we h no words :]e9 to describe _! dep>ture1 no ?\ghts to =m ab\t _! action1 ?an ^? ( ! p]petual & unsatisfi$ int]rogation1-- ,:at ail$ !e1 ,o ?\ sea1 t ?\ fl$de/8 ,& ye m\nta9s1 t ye skipp$ l lambs8 ,,footnotes #di ,h[ f>1 is ano!r "q4 ,! s& :i* ! /ream br+s f ! bottom ( "o eddy 9 its c\rse1 x ?r[s d[n 9 ! next2 all t is prov$ by ! above trial is1 t s _m tons ( mat]ial are annually c>ri$ d[n by x a c]ta9 numb] ( feet4 #ej ,ne>ly2 t is to say1 n q v]tical4 ,( ! degree ( /eepness1 we %all h m to say h]eaft]4 #ea ,! ,rossb]g fall1 comp>$ to ! convulsions :i* seem to h tak5 place 9 ! high] ,alps1 is l ! slip ( a pav+ /one comp>$ to ! fall ( a t[]4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,( ,,! ,,sculpture ,,( ,,m\nta9s3--,,secondly1 ,,! ,,c5tral ,,peaks4 #a4 ,9 ! #bj? p>agraph ( ! la/ *apt]1 x 0 notic$ t ord9>ily ! mo/ irregul> contortions or fractures ( b$s ( rock 7 f\nd 9 ! di/ricts ( mo/ elevat$ hills1 ! contortion or fracture ?us appe>+ to be produc$ at ! mom5t ( elevation4 ,x has also previ\sly be5 /at$ t ! h>dness & cry/all9e /ructure ( ! mat]ial increas$ ) ! m\nta9\s "* ( ! gr\nd2 s t we f9d z almo/ inv>iably correlative1 ! h>dness ( ! rock1 its di/ortion1 & its height2 &1 9 l mann] its s(tness1 regul>ity ( position1 & l[ness4 ,?us1 ! l9e ( b$s 9 an ,engli% range ( d[n1 compos$ ( s(t *alk :i* crumbles b5ea? ! f+]s1 w be z l[ & cont9u\s z 9 a ( ,fig4 #af 7p4 #aea72 ! b$s 9 ! ,jura m\nta9s1 compos$ ( firm lime/one1 :i* ne$s a heavy hamm] /roke to break x1 w be z high & wavy z at b2 & ! ranges ( ,alps1 compos$ ( slaty cry/all9es1 yield+ only to /eel w$ges or to gunp[d]1 w be z l(ty & z wild 9 /ructure z at c4 ,)\t ?is b5efic5t connection ( h>dness ( mat]ial ) height1 m\nta9 ranges ei!r c\ld n h exi/$1 or w\ld n h be5 habitable4 ,9 _! pres5t magnific5t =m1 !y c\ld n h exi/$2 & :atev] _! =ms1 ! frequ5t falls & crumbl+s away1 :i* are ( little consequ5ce 9 ! l[ crags ( ,ha/+s1 ,dov]1 or ,lyme1 w\ld h be5 fatal to ! population ( ! valleys b5ea?1 :5 !y took place f heights ( eight or t5 ?\s& feet4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ai4 #b4 ,b ?is h>d5+ ( ! mat]ial w\ld n h be5 suffici5t1 by itself1 to secure ! safety ( ! inhabitants4 ,unless ! read] has be5 already famili>iz$ ) geological facts1 he mu/ surely h be5 /ruck by ! prom95ce ( ! b$d$ /ructure 9 all ! in/ances ( m\nta9 =m giv5 9 ! prec$+ *apt]2 & mu/ h ask$ himself1 ,:y are m\nta9s always built 9 ?is masonry-l way1 r ?an 9 compact masses8 ,n[1 x is true t accord+ to pres5t geological !ories1 ! b$d$ /ructure 0 a necess>y consequ5ce ( ! mode 9 :i* ! mat]ials 7 accumulat$2 b x is n less true t ?is b$d$ /ructure is n[ ! pr9cipal means ( secur+ ! /ability ( ! mass1 & is to be reg>d$ z a b5efic5t appo9tm5t1 ) su* special view4 ,t /ructure compels ea* m\nta9 to assume ! safe/ cont\r ( :i* "u ! giv5 circum/ances ( upheaval x is capable4 ,if x 7 all compos$ ( an amorph\s mass ( /one z at ,a1 ,fig4 #ai1 a crack beg9n+ f ! top1 z at x 9 ,a1 might gradually ext5d d[nw>ds 9 ! direction x y 9 ,b1 until ! :ole mass1 indicat$ by ! %ade1 sep>at$ itself & fell4 ,b :5 ! :ole m\nta9 is arrang$ 9 b$s1 z at ,c1 ! crack beg9n+ at ! top /ops 9 ! upp]mo/ b$1 or1 if x ext5ds to ! next1 x w be 9 a diff]5t place1 & ! deta*$ blocks1 m>k$ by ! %ad$ portions1 are ( c\rse /ill z secure 9 _! positions z be=e ! crack took place4 ,if1 inde$1 ! b$s slop$ t[>ds ! precipice1 z at ,d1 ! dang] w\ld be great]2 b if ! read] looks to any ( ! examples ( m\nta9 =m hi!rto giv51 he w f9d t ! univ]sal t5d5cy ( ! modes ( elevation is to cause ! b$s to slope away f ! precipice1 & to build ! :ole m\nta9 9 ! =m ,c1 :i* af=ds ! utmo/ possible degree ( security4 ,ne>ly all ! m\nta9s :i* rise imm$iately above ?ickly peopl$ di/ricts1 ?\gh !y may appe> to be ?r[n into isolat$ peaks1 are 9 reality no?+ m ?an flatti% ranks ( rock1 t]m9at$ by walls ( cliff1 ( ?is p]fectly safe k9d2 & x w be "p ( our task 9 ! succe$+ *apt] to exam9e at "s l5g? ! modes 9 :i* sublime & ?reat5+ =ms are almo/ deceptively assum$ by arrangem5ts ( m\nta9 :i* are 9 !mselves ?us simple & secure4 #c4 ,x1 h[ev]1 fell )9 ! purpose ( ! ,great ,build] to give1 9 ! highe/ peaks ( m\nta9s1 examples ( =m m /range & maje/ic ?an any :i* c\ld be atta9$ by /ructures s b5efic5tly adapt$ to ! welf>e ( ! human race4 ,& ! admission ( o!r modes ( elevation1 m t]rific & less secure1 takes place exactly 9 proportion to ! increas+ pres5ce ( su* conditions 9 ! locality z %all r5d] x on o!r gr\nds unlikely to be inhabit$1 or incapable ( be+ s4 ,:]e ! soil is ri* & ! climate s(t1 ! hills are l[ & safe2#eb z ! gr\nd becomes poor] & ! air ke5]1 !y rise into =ms ( m p]il & pride2 & _! utmo/ t]ror is %[n only :]e _! fragm5ts fall on trackless ice1 & ! ?und] ( _! ru9 c be he>d b by ! ibex & ! eagle4 #d4 ,! safety ( ! l[] m\nta9s dep5ds1 z has j be5 obs]v$1 on _! t5d5cy to divide !mselves into b$s4 ,b x w easily be und]/ood t1 toge!r ) security1 su* a /ructure involves "s monotony ( aspect2 & t ! possibility ( a r5t l t indicat$ 9 ! la/ figure1 ext5d+ itself )\t a *eck1 s z to deta* "s va/ portion ( ! m\nta9 at once1 w\ld be a means ( obta9+ accid5tal =ms ( f> great] awfulness4 ,we f9d1 accord+ly1 t ! b$d$ /ructure is dep>t$ f 9 ! c5tral peaks2 t !y are 9 reality gift$ ) ?is p[]1 or1 if we *oose s to reg>d x1 affect$ ) ?is weakness1 ( r5d+ d[nw>ds ?r\gh\t into v]tical %eets2 & t to ?is end !y are usually compos$ ( t /ructureless & massive rock :i* we h *>act]iz$ by ! t]m compact cry/all9e4 #e4 ,?is1 inde$1 is n univ]sal4 ,x happ5s sometimes t t[>d ! c5tre ( great hill ranges ord9>y /ratifi$ rocks ( ! coh]5t gr\ps are h>d5$ into m compact /r5g? ?an is usual ) !m2 & out ( ! h>d5$ mass a peak1 or range ( peaks1 is cut z if out ( a s+le block4 ,?us ! well kn[n ,d5t du ,midi ( ,bex1 a m\nta9 ( peculi> int]e/ to ! ,engli% travell]s :o cr[d ! v>i\s inns & p5sions :i* n[ glitt] along ! %ores ( ! ,lake ( ,g5eva at ,vevay1 ,cl>5s1 & ,montreux1 is cut out ( horizontal b$s ( rock :i* are traceable 9 ! ev5+ light by _! d>k & light l9es along its sides1 l c\rses ( masonry2 ! real =m ( ! m\nta9 be+ t ( ! ridge ( a /eep h\se-ro(1 jagg$ & brok5 at ! top1 s t1 se5 f ne> ,/4 ,maurice1 ! extremity ( ! ridge appe>s a %>p pyramid4 ,! ,d5t de ,morcles1 opposite ! ,d5t du ,midi1 has be5 already notic$1 & is figur$ 9 ,plate #bi1 ,fig4 #d4 ,9 l mann]1 ! ,matt]horn is cut out ( a block ( ne>ly horizontal b$s ( gneiss4 ,b 9 all ^! cases ! mat]ials are s h>d5$ & knit toge!r t to all int5ts & purposes !y =m "o solid mass1 & :5 ! =ms are to be ( ! bolde/ "* possible1 ?is solid mass is un/ratifi$1 & ( compact cry/all9e rock4 #f4 ,9 look+ f ,g5eva 9 ! morn+ light1 :5 ,mont ,blanc & its companion hills are se5 d>k aga9/ ! dawn1 almo/ e travell] mu/ h be5 /ruck by ! notable range ( jagg$ peaks :i* b\nd ! horizon imm$iately to ! nor?-ea/ ( ,mont ,blanc4 ,9 ord9>y wea!r !y appe> a s+le *a91 b if any cl\ds or mi/s happ5 to float into ! he>t ( ! gr\p1 x divides itself into two ranges1 l[] & high]1 z 9 ,fig4 #a1 ,plate #bi1 ( :i* ! upp]mo/ & m di/ant *a9 is ! real cre/ ( ! ,alps1 & ! l[] & d>k] l9e is compos$ ( subord9ate peaks :i* =m ! s\? side ( ! valley ( ,*am\ni1 & are !re=e ord9>ily kn[n z ! ,aiguilles ( ,*am\ni4 ,illu/ration3 ,j4 ,rusk94 ,j4,c4 ,armytage #bi4 ,aiguille ,/ructure4 ,?\gh sep>at$ by "s eight or n9e miles ( actual di/ance1 ! two ranges are "p ( "o & ! same sy/em ( rock4 ,!y are bo? ( !m mo/ notable examples ( ! /ructure ( ! compact cry/all9e peaks1 & _! jagg$ & spiry outl9es are r5d]$ /ill m rem>kable 9 any view obta9$ ( !m 9 ! imm$iate neighborhood ( ,g5eva1 by _! ris+1 z 9 ! figure1 ov] two long slopes ( comp>atively flatti% m\nta94 ,! highe/ ( ^! is ! back ( a /ratifi$ lime/one range1 di/ant ab\t tw5ty-five miles1 ^: precipit\s extremity1 nodd+ ov] ! little village ( ,/4 ,m>t9's1 is well kn[n "u ! "n ( ! ,aiguille de ,v>5s4 ,! ne>] l9e is ! edge ( ano!r lime/one m\nta91 call$ ! ,petit ,salve1 )9 five miles ( ,g5eva4 ,& ?us we h two ranges ( ! cry/all9e rocks oppos$ to two ranges ( ! coh]5ts1 bo? hav+ _! di/9ctive *>act]s1 ! "o ( v]tical fracture1 ! o!r ( level cont9u\sness1 develop$ on an enorm\s scale4 ,i am aw>e ( no o!r view 9 ,europe :]e ! ess5tial *>act]i/ics ( ! two =mations are s closely & graphically display$4 #g4 ,nor c ,i imag9e any p]son ?\ghtfully reg>d+ ! m di/ant range1 )\t feel+ 8 curiosity /rongly excit$ z to ! me?od ( its fir/ sculpture4 ,t long banks & fields ( rock %\ld be rais$ aslope1 & break at _! edges into cliffs1 h[ev] my/]i\s ! details ( ! op]ation may be1 is yet conceivable 9 ! ma9 circum/ances )\t any great ef=t ( imag9ation4 ,b ! c>v+ ( ^? great obelisks & spires out ( an inf9itely h>d] rock2 ! sculpture ( all ! frett$ p9nacles on ! inaccessible & calm elevation ( t great ca!dral1--h[ & :5 0 ?is wr\ght8 ,x is necess>y1 be=e ! ext5t & difficulty ( su* a "q c be felt1 to expla9 m fully ! scale & "* ( ! peaks "u consid]ation4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ba4 #h4 ,! valley ( ,*am\ni1 l>gely view$1 & irrespectively ( m9or rav9es & irregul>ities1 is no?+ m ?an a deep tr5*1 dug betwe5 two ranges ( ne>ly cont9u\s m\nta9s1--dug ) a /raightness & ev5ness :i* r5d] its sc5]y1 9 "s respects1 m monoton\s ?an t ( any o!r ,alp9e valley4 ,on ea* side x is bord]$ by banks ( turf1 d>k5$ ) p9e =e/1 ris+ at an ev5 slope to a height ( ab\t #cjjj feet1 s t x may be/ be imag9$ z a k9d ( dry moat1 :i*1 if cut across1 w\ld be ( ! =m typically %[n 9 ,fig4 #bj2 ! slop+ bank on ea* side be+ ab\t #cjjj feet high1 or ! moat ab\t ?ree fif?s ( a mile 9 v]tical dep?4 ,!n1 on ! top ( ! bank1 on ea* side1 & a little way back f ! edge ( ! moat1 rise ! ranges ( ! great m\nta9s1 9 ! =m ( %att]$ cre/s & pyramids ( b>r5 rock spr9kl$ ) sn[4 ,^? on ! s\? side ( ! valley rise ano!r #cjjj feet above ! bank on :i* !y /&1 s t ea* ( ! masses sup]add$ 9 ,fig4 #ba may be/ be describ$ z a sort ( ,egyptian pyramid1#ec ( ! height ( ,sn[d5 or ,b5 ,lomond1 hewn out ( solid rock1 & set on ! %\ld] ( ! great bank :i* bord]s ! valley4 ,!n ! ,mont ,blanc1 a high] & heavi] clu/] ( su* summits1 load$ ) deep sn[1 t]m9ates ! range4 ,glaci]s ( great] or less ext5t desc5d betwe5 ! pyramids ( rock2 & "o1 suppli$ f _! l>ge/ recesses1 ev5 runs d[n ! bank into ! valley4 ,fig4 #bbed rudely repres5ts ! real cont\rs ( ! m\nta9s1 includ+ ,mont ,blanc itself1 on its s\? side4 ,! range ( peaks1 b1 p1 m1 is t already spok5 (1 kn[n z ! ,aiguilles ( ,*am\ni4 ,!y =m b a v small portion ( a great cr[d ( simil>1 &1 = ! mo/ "p1 l>g] peaks :i* con/itute ! *a9 ( ,mont ,blanc1 & :i* receive f ! ,savoy>ds ! "n ( ,aiguilles1 or ne$les1 9 consequ5ce ( _! peculi>ly %>p summits4 ,! =ms ( ^! ,aiguilles1 wond]ful en\gh 9 !mselves1 are1 nev]!less1 p]petually exagg]at$ bo? by ! imag9ation ( ! travell]1 & by ! arti/s ^: del9eations ( !m f9d mo/ frank acceptance4 ,fig4 #a 9 ,plate #cj is fai?fully copi$ f ! repres5tation giv5 ( "o ( ^! m\nta9s 9 a plate lately publi%$ at ,g5eva4 ,fig4 #b 9 ! same plate is a true outl9e ( ! m\nta9 itself4 ,( ! exagg]ations 9 ! o!r ,i %all h m to say pres5tly2 meantime1 ,i ref] to x m]ely z a pro( t ,i am n myself exagg]at+1 9 giv+ ,fig4 #bb z %[+ ! g5]al *>act]s ( ^! peaks4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bb4 #i4 ,?is1 !n1 is ! problem to be consid]$1--,h[ m\nta9s ( su* rugg$ & precipit\s outl9e1 & at ! lea/ #cjjj feet 9 height1 7 orig9ally c>v$ out ( ! h>de/ rocks1 & set 9 _! pres5t position on ! top ( ! gre5 & slop+ bank :i* su/a9s !m4 ,by m]e accid5t1 ! read] replies4 ,! uni=m bank might z easily h be5 ! highe/1 & ! brok5 granite peaks h ris5 f its sides1 or at ! bottom ( x4 ,x is m]ely ! *ance =mation ( ! valley ( ,*am\ni4 ,nay2 n s4 ,al?\gh1 z if to br+ ! problem m cle>ly be=e ! ?\ghts ( m51 by m>k+ ! /ructure mo/ :]e ! sc5]y is mo/ attractive1 ! =mation is m di/9ct at ,*am\ni ?an any:]e else 9 ! ,alp9e *a92 yet ! g5]al condition ( a r\nd$ bank su/a9+ jagg$ or pyramidal peaks is m or less traceable ?r\gh\t ! :ole di/rict ( ! great m\nta9s4 ,! mo/ celebrat$ spot1 next to ! valley ( ,*am\ni1 is ! c5tre ( ! ,b]nese ,ob]l&2 & x w be rememb]$ by all travell]s t 9 its pr9cipal valley1 t ( ,gr9delwald1 n only does ! summit ( ! ,wett]horn consi/ ( a %>p pyramid rais$ on ! advanc$ %\ld] ( a great promontory1 b ! two mo/ notable summits ( ! ,b]nese ,alps1 ! ,s*reckhorn & ,f9/]a>horn1 _c be se5 f ! valley at all1 be+ ?r[n f> back ^u an elevat$ plateau1 ( :i* only ! advanc$ head or %\ld]1 "u ! "n ( ! ,mett5b]g1 c be se5 f ! village4 ,! real summits1 consi/+ 9 ea* case ( a ridge />t+ /eeply f ?is elevat$ plateau1 z if by a new impulse ( angry or ambiti\s m\nta9 temp]1 c only be se5 by asc5d+ a consid]able height ^u ! flank ( ! opposite mass ( ! ,faulhorn4 #aj4 ,& ?is is1 if possible1 /ill m notably & provok+ly ! case ) ! great peaks ( ! *a9 ( ,alps betwe5 ,monte ,rosa & ,mont ,blanc4 ,x w be se51 by a glance at any map ( ,switz]l&1 t ! di/rict :i* =ms ! canton ,valais is1 9 reality1 no?+ b a rav9e sixty miles long1 betwe5 t c5tral *a9 & ! ,alps ( ! cantons ,frib\rg & ,b]ne4 ,?is rav9e is also1 9 its g5]al /ructure1 m]ely a deep] & wid] moat ?an t already describ$ z =m+ ! valley ( ,*am\ni4 ,x lies1 9 ! same mann]1 betwe5 two banks ( m\nta92 & ! pr9cipal peaks are precisely 9 ! same mann] set back ^u ! tops ( ^! banks2 & s provok+ly f> back1 t ?r\gh\t ! :ole l5g? ( ! valley n "o ( ! summits ( ! *ief *a9 c be se5 f x4 ,t usually po9t$ out to travell]s z ,monte ,rosa is a subord9ate1 ?\gh /ill v colossal mass1 call$ ! ,montagne de ,saas2 & ?is is ! only peak ( great size discov]able f ! valley ?r\gh\t its ext5t2 "o or two glimpses ( ! sn[s1 n at any em95t po9t1 be+ caught ?r\gh ! entrances ( ! lat]al valleys ( ,evol5a1 c4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bc4 #aa4 ,nor is ?is m]ely ! consequ5ce ( ! great di/ance ( ! c5tral ridge4 ,x w\ld be intelligible en\gh t ! m\nta9s %\ld rise gradually high] & high] t[>ds ! middle ( ! *a91 s t ! summit at a 9 ! upp] diagram ( ,fig4 #bc %\ld be conceal$ by ! int]m$iate em95ces b1 c1 f ! valley at d4 ,b ?is is n1 by any means1 ! mann] 9 :i* ! concealm5t is effect$4 ,! great peaks /&1 z at a 9 ! l[] diagram1 jagg$1 %>p1 & sudd5ly />t+ out ( a comp>atively tame mass ( elevat$ l&1 ?r\gh :i* ! tr5* ( ! valley ( ! ,rhone is cut1 z at c4 ,! subdivision ( ! bank at b by ?\s&s ( rav9es1 & its rise1 "h & !re1 into m or less notable summits1 conceal ! real fact ( ! /ructure f a casual obs]v]4 ,b ! long] ,i /ay$ among ! ,alps1 & ! m closely ,i exam9$ !m1 ! m ,i 0 /ruck by ! "o broad fact ( _! be+ a va/ ,alp9e plateau1 or mass ( elevat$ l&1 ^u :i* ne>ly all ! highe/ peaks /ood l *ildr5 set ^u a table1 remov$1 9 mo/ cases1 f> back f ! edge ( ! plateau1 z if = fe> ( _! fall+4 ,& ! mo/ maje/ic sc5es 9 ! ,alps are produc$1 n s mu* by any violation ( ?is law1 z by "o ( ! great peaks hav+ app>5tly walk$ to ! edge ( ! table to look ov]1 & ?us %[+ itself sudd5ly above ! valley 9 its full height4 ,?is is ! case ) ! ,wett]horn & ,eig] at ,gr9delwald1 & ) ! ,gr&e ,jorasse1 above ! ,col de ,f]ret4 ,b ! rais$ bank or table is always intelligibly 9 exi/5ce1 ev5 9 ^! app>5tly exceptional cases2 &1 = ! mo/ "p1 ! great peaks are n all[$ to come to ! edge ( x1 b rema9 l ! keeps ( ca/les f> )drawn1 surr\nd$1 league beyond league1 by comp>atively level fields ( m\nta91 ov] :i* ! lapp+ %eets ( glaci] wri! & fl[1 foam+ ab\t ! feet ( ! d>k c5tral cre/s l ! surf ( an enorm\s sea-break] hurl$ ov] a r\nd$ rock1 & isl&+ "s fragm5t ( x 9 ! mid/4 ,& ! result ( ?is arrangem5t is a k9d ( division ( ! :ole ( ,switz]l& into an upp] & l[] m\nta9-_w2 ! l[] _w consi/+ ( ri* valleys bord]$ by /eep1 b easily accessible1 wood$ banks ( m\nta91 m or less divid$ by rav9es1 ?r\gh :i* glimpses are caught ( ! high] ,alps2 ! upp] _w1 rea*$ aft] ! fir/ /eep banks1 ( #cjjj or #djjj feet 9 height1 h be5 surm\nt$1 consi/+ ( comp>atively level b mo/ desolate tracts ( moor & rock1 half cov]$ by glaci]1 & /ret*+ to ! feet ( ! true p9nacles ( ! *a94 #ab4 ,x c h>dly be necess>y to po9t out ! p]fect wisdom & k9dness ( ?is arrangem5t1 z a provision = ! safety ( ! inhabitants ( ! high m\nta9 regions4 ,if ! great peaks rose at once f ! deepe/ valleys1 e /one :i* 0 /ruck f _! p9nacles1 & e sn[-wrea? :i* slipp$ f _! l$ges1 w\ld desc5d at once ^u ! inhabitable gr\nd1 ov] :i* no ye> c\ld pass )\t record+ "s calamity ( e>?-slip or avalan*e2 :ile1 9 ! c\rse ( _! fall1 bo? ! /ones & ! sn[ w\ld /rip ! woods f ! hill sides1 leav+ only nak$ *annels ( de/ruction :]e !re are n[ ! slop+ mead[ & ! *e/nut glade4 ,besides ?is1 ! masses ( sn[1 ca/ d[n at once into ! w>m] air1 w\ld all melt rapidly 9 ! spr+1 caus+ furi\s inundation ( e great riv] = a mon? or six weeks4 ,! sn[ be+ !n all ?aw$1 except :at lay ^u ! highe/ peaks 9 regions ( ne>ly p]petual fro/1 ! riv]s w\ld be suppli$1 dur+ ! summ]1 only by f\nta9s1 & ! feeble trickl+s on sunny days f ! high sn[s4 ,! ,rhone "u su* circum/ances w\ld h>dly be l>g] at ,lyons ?an ! ,sev]n at ,%rewsbury1 & _m ,swiss valleys w\ld be left almo/ )\t moi/ure4 ,all ^! calamities are prev5t$ by ! peculi> ,alp9e /ructure :i* has be5 describ$4 ,! brok5 rocks & ! slid+ sn[ ( ! high peaks1 in/ead ( be+ da%$ at once to ! vales1 are caught ^u ! desolate %elves or %\ld]s :i* ev]y:]e surr\nd ! c5tral cre/s4 ,! s(t banks :i* t]m9ate ^! %elves1 trav]s$ by no fall+ fragm5ts1 clo! !mselves ) ri*e/ wood2 :ile ! masses ( sn[ heap$ ^u ! l$ge above !m1 9 a climate nei!r s w>m z to ?aw !m quickly 9 ! spr+1 nor s cold z to protect !m f all ! p[] ( ! summ] sun1 ei!r =m !mselves into glaci]s1 or rema9 9 sl[ly wa/+ fields ev5 to ! close ( ! ye>1--9 ei!r case supply+ con/ant1 abundant1 & regul> /reams to ! villages & pa/ures b5ea?1 &1 to ! re/ ( ,europe1 noble & navigable riv]s4 #ac4 ,n[1 t su* a /ructure is ! be/ & wise/ possible1 is1 inde$1 suffici5t reason = its exi/5ce2 & to _m p x may seem useless to "q f>!r respect+ its orig94 ,b ,i c h>dly conceive any "o /&+ face to face ) "o ( ^! t[]s ( c5tral rock1 & yet n also ask+ himself1 ,is ?is inde$ ! actual fir/ "w ( ! ,div9e ,ma/] on :i* ,i gaze8 ,0 ! great precipice %ap$ by ,8 f+]1 z ,adam 0 %ap$ out ( ! du/8 ,7 its clefts & l$ges c>v$ ^u x by its ,creator1 z ! lett]s 7 on ! ,tables ( ! ,law1 & 0 x ?us left to be> its et]nal te/imony to ,8 b5efic5ce among ^! cl\ds ( heav58 ,or is x ! desc5dant ( a long race ( m\nta9s1 exi/+ "u appo9t$ laws ( bir? & endurance1 dea? & decrepitude8 #ad4 ,!re c be no d\bt z to ! answ]4 ,! rock itself answ]s audibly by ! murmur ( "s fall+ /one or r5d+ p9nacle4 ,x is n z x 0 once4 ,^? wa/e leagues ar\nd its feet are load$ ) ! wrecks ( :at x 04 ,on ^!1 p]haps1 ( all m\nta9s1 ! *>act]s ( decay are writt5 mo/ cle>ly2 ar\nd ^! are spread mo/ gloomily ! memorials ( _! pride1 & ! signs ( _! humiliation4 ,:at !n 7 !y once8 ,! only answ] is yet aga91--,behold ! cl\d4 ,_! =m1 z f> z human vision c trace x1 is "o ( et]nal decay4 ,no retrospection c raise !m out ( _! ru9s1 or )draw !m beyond ! law ( _! p]petual fate4 ,exi/+ sci5ce may be *all5g$ to =m1 ) ! fa9te/ color ( probability1 any conception ( ! orig9al aspect ( a cry/all9e m\nta92 x _c be foll[$ 9 its elevation1 nor trac$ 9 its connection ) its fell[s4 ,no eyes ev] saw its sub/ance1 yet be+ imp]fect2 its hi/ory is a monotone ( endurance & de/ruction3 all t we c c]ta9ly "k ( x1 is t x 0 once great] ?an x is n[1 & x only ga!rs va/ness1 & /ill ga!rs1 z x fades into ! abyss ( ! unkn[n4 #ae4 ,yet ?is "o piece ( c]ta9 evid5ce ought n to be altoge!r unpursu$2 & :ile1 ) all humility1 we %r9k f endeavor+ to !orize respect+ processes :i* are conceal$1 we ought n to refuse to foll[1 z f> z x w lead u1 ! c\rse ( ?\ght :i* seems m>k$ out by conspicu\s & consi/5t ph5om5a4 ,exactly z ! =m ( ! l[] m\nta9s seems to h be5 produc$ by c]ta9 rais+s & b5d+s ( _! =m]ly level b$s1 s ! =m ( ^! high] m\nta9s seems to h be5 produc$ by c]ta9 break+s away f _! =m] elevat$ mass4 ,if ! process appe>s 9 ei!r case d\btful1 x is less s ) respect to ! high] hills4 ,we may n easily believe t ! /eep lime/one cliffs on "o side ( a valley1 n[ app>5tly secure & /eadfa/1 ev] 7 unit$ ) ! cliffs on ! o!r side2 b we _c hesitate to admit t ! peak :i* we see %$d+ its flakes ( granite1 on all sides ( x1 z a fad+ rose lets fall its leaves1 0 once l>g] ?an x is1 & owes ! pres5t *>act]s ( its =ms *iefly to ! modes ( its dim9ution4 #af4 ,hold+ fa/ ?is clue1 we h next to take into consid]ation ano!r fact ( n less importance1--t ov] ! :ole ( ! r\nd$ banks ( l[] m\nta91 :]ev] !y h be5 9 anywise protect$ f ! injuries ( "t1 !re are yet visible ! tracks ( anci5t glaci]s4 ,i w n "h ent] into detail respect+ ! mode 9 :i* traces ( glaci]s are di/+ui%able4 ,x is en\gh to /ate t ! footm>k1 s to speak1 ( a glaci] is j z easily recognizable z ! trail ( any well-kn[n animal2 & t ) z mu* confid5ce z we %\ld feel 9 ass]t+ t a horse _h pass$ along a s(t road :i* yet reta9$ ! pr9ts ( its %oes1 x may be conclud$ t ! glaci]s ( ! ,alps _h once triple or quadruple ! ext5t t !y h n[2 s t n only ! banks ( inf]ior m\nta9s 7 once cov]$ ) %eets ( ice1 b ev5 ! great valley ( ! ,rhone itself 0 ! b$ ( an enorm\s ,m] de ,glace1 :i* ext5d$ beyond ! ,lake ( ,g5eva to ! slopes ( ,jura4#ee #ag4 ,f :at has already be5 not$ ( glaci] action1 ! read] _c b be aw>e t its univ]sal effect is to r\nd & s(t5 ! cont\rs ( ! m\nta9s subject$ to x2 s t a glaci] may be consid]$ z a va/ in/rum5t ( friction1 a :ite s&-pap]1 appli$ sl[ly b irresi/ibly to all ! r\ghnesses ( ! hill :i* x cov]s4 ,& ?is effect is ( c\rse greate/ :5 ! ice fl[s fa/e/1 & conta9s m emb$d$ /ones2 t is to say1 great] t[>ds ! l[] "p ( a m\nta9 ?an ne> its summit4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bd4 ,suppose n[ a *a9 ( m\nta9s rais$ 9 any accid5tal =m1 only ( c\rse highe/ :]e ! =ce 0 greate/1--t is to say1 at ! c5tre ( ! *a91--& pres5t+ any pr(ile su* z a1 ,fig4 #bd2 t]m9at$1 p]haps1 by a brok5 second>y cliff1 & ! :ole cov]$ ) a ?ick b$ ( glaci]1 indicat$ by ! spott$ space1 & mov+ 9 ! direction ( ! arr[s4 ,z x we>s away ! m\nta91 n at all at ! top1 b always m & m z x desc5ds1 x w\ld 9 process ( "t r$uce ! cont\r ( ! flank ( ! hill to ! =m at b4 ,b at ?is po9t ! sn[ w\ld beg9 to slide f ! c5tral peak1 & to leave its rocks expos$ to ! action ( ! atmosph]e4 ,suppos+ ^? rocks dispos$ to break into v]tical %eets1 ! summit w\ld soon cleave itself into su* a =m z t at x2 & ! flakes aga9 subdivid+ & fall+1 we %\ld h conditions su* z at y4 ,mean:ile ! glaci] is /ill do+ its "w un9t]rupt$ly on ! l[] bank1 br++ ! m\nta9 successively into ! outl9es c & d1 9 :i* ! =ms x & y are sub/itut$ consecutively = ! orig9al summit4 ,b ! level ( ! :ole flank ( ! m\nta9 be+ n[ s mu* r$uc$1 ! glaci] has br\ght itself by its own "w into w>m] climate1 & has wr\ght out its own de/ruction4 ,x w\ld gradually be ?9n$ away1 & 9 _m places at la/ vani%1 leav+ only ! b>r5 r\nd$ m\nta9s1 & ! tongues ( ice /ill suppli$ f ! peaks above4 #ah4 ,su* is ! actual condition ( ! ,alps at ?is mom5t4 ,i d n say t !y h 9 reality und]gone any su* process4 ,b ,i ?9k x "r to put ! supposition be=e ! read]1 m ) a view ( expla9+ :at ! appe>ance ( ?+s actually is1 ?an ) any wi% t he %\ld adopt ei!r ?is or any o!r !ory on ! subject4 ,x facilitates a description ( ! ,br*e de ,rol& to say1 t x looks z if ! pe] _h inde$ cut x op5 ) a sword/roke2 b x w\ld be unfair to conclude t ! describ] gravely wi%$ ! supposition to be adopt$ z explanatory ( ! orig9 ( ! rav9e4 ,9 l mann]1 ! read] :o has foll[$ ! /eps ( ! !ory ,i h j (f]$1 w h a cle>] conception ( ! real look & anatomy ( ! ,alps ?an ,i c\ld give him by any o!r means4 ,b he is welcome to accept 9 s]i\sness j z mu* or z little ( ! !ory z he likes4#ef ,only ,i am well p]suad$ t ! m famili> any "o becomes ) ! *a9 ( ! ,alps1 ! m1 :e!r volunt>ily or n1 ! idea w =ce itself ^u him ( _! be+ m]e remnants ( l>ge masses1--spl9t]s & fragm5ts1 z ( a /r&$ wreck1 ! great] "p ( :i* has be5 remov$ by ! waves2 & ! m he w be conv9c$ ( ! exi/5ce ( two di/9ct regions1 "o1 z x 71 bel[ ! ice1 ano!r above x1--"o ( subject$1 ! o!r ( em]g5t rock2 ! l[] worn away by ! action ( ! glaci]s & ra9s1 ! high] spl9t]+ & fall+ to pieces by natural dis9tegration4 #ai4 ,i press1 h[ev]1 nei!r conjecture nor inquiry f>!r2 hav+ already /at$ all t is necess>y to give ! read] a complete idea ( ! diff]5t divisions ( m\nta9 =m4 ,i proce$ n[ to exam9e ! po9ts ( pictorial int]e/ 9 great] detail2 & 9 ord] to d s m conv5i5tly1 ,i %all adopt ! ord]1 9 description1 :i* ,nature seems to h adopt$ 9 =mation2 beg9n+ ) ! my/]i\s h>dness ( ! c5tral cry/all9es1 & desc5d+ to ! s(t] & l[] rocks :i* we see 9 "s degree modifi$ by ! slight =ces /ill 9 op]ation4 ,we w !re=e exam9e3 #a4 ! pictorial ph5om5a ( ! c5tral peaks2 #b4 ^? ( ! summits ( ! l[] m\nta9s r\nd !m1 to :i* we %all f9d x conv5i5t to give ! di/+ui%+ "n ( cre/s2 #c4 ! =mation ( ,precipices1 prop]ly s call$2 !n1 ! g5]al aspect ( ! ,banks & ,slopes1 produc$ by ! action ( wat] or ( fall+ dbris1 on ! sides or at ! bases ( m\nta9s2 & f9ally1 remove1 if x may be1 a few ( ! undes]v$ scorns ?r[n ^u our mo/ famili> s]vants1 ,/ones4 ,to ea* ( ^! subjects we %all f9d x necess>y to devote a di/9ct *apt]4 ,,footnotes #eb ,x may be ?\ght ,i %\ld h rev]s$ ^! s5t5ces1 & writt5 :]e ! hills are l[ & safe1 ! climate is s(t1 c4 ,b x is n s4 ,no antec$5t reason c be %[n :y ! ,mont ,c]v9 or ,f9/]a>horn %\ld n h ris5 %>p out ( ! pla9s ( ,lomb>dy1 in/ead ( out ( glaci]s4 #ec ,i use ! t]ms pyramid & peak at pres5t1 9 ord] to give a r\gh g5]al idea ( ! aspect ( ^! hills4 ,bo? t]ms1 z we %all see 9 ! next *apt]1 are to be accept$ "u limitation4 #ed ,?is co>se sket* is m]ely giv5 = ref]5ce1 z ,i %all (t5 h to speak ( ! p>ticul> masses ( m\nta91 indicat$ by ! lett]s 9 ! outl9e bel[ x2 namely-- b4 ,aiguille ,blaitire4 p4 ,aiguille du ,plan4 m4 ,aiguille du ,midi4 ,m4 ,mont ,blanc 7summit74 d4 ,dme du ,g\t4 g4 ,aiguille du ,g\t4 q & r indicate /ations only4 ,t4 ,tapia4 ,c4 ,montagne de la ,cte4 t4 ,montagne de ,taconay4 #ee ,! glaci] tracks on ! gneiss ( ! great angle opposite ,m>tigny are ! mo/ magnific5t ,i ev] saw 9 ! ,alps2 ^? above ! *annel ( ! ,tri5t1 betwe5 ,valors9e & ! valley ( ! ,rhone1 ! mo/ int]e/+4 #ef ,= f>!r in=mation respect+ ! glaci]s & _! probable action1 ! read] %\ld consult ! works ( ,pr(essor ,=bes4 ,i believe ?is !ory ( ! =mation ( ! upp] peaks has be5 propos$ by him1 & rec5tly oppos$ by ,mr4 ,%>pe1 :o believes t ! great bank spok5 ( 9 ! text 0 orig9ally a sea-bottom4 ,b ,i h simply /at$ 9 ?is *apt] ! results ( my own wat*+s ( ! ,alps2 = be+ )\t hope ( gett+ "t = available exam9ation ( ! volum9\s works on ^! subjects1 ,i ?\ght x be/ to read no?+ 7except ,=bes's mo/ important essay on ! glaci]s1 sev]al times quot$ 9 ! text71 & !re=e to give1 at all ev5ts1 ! =ce ( indep5d5t witness to su* impressions z ,i receiv$ f ! actual facts2 ,de ,saussure1 always a fai?ful record] ( ^? facts1 & my fir/ ma/] 9 geology1 be+ ref]r$ to1 occasionally1 = in=mation respect+ localities ,i _h n be5 able to exam9e4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,result+ ,,=ms3--,,fir/1 ,,aiguilles4 #a4 ,i h endeavor$ 9 ! prec$+ *apt]s always to keep ! glance ( ! read] on ! broad aspect ( ?+s1 & to sep>ate = him ! m\nta9 masses into ! mo/ di/9ctly compreh5sible =ms4 ,we mu/ n[ cons5t to take m pa9s1 & obs]ve m closely4 #b4 ,i beg9 ) ! ,aiguilles4 ,9 ,fig4 #bd1 p4 #agj1 at a1 x 0 assum$ t ! mass 0 rais$ highe/ m]ely :]e ! elevat+ =ce 0 greate/1 be+ ( "o sub/ance ) ! bank or cliff bel[4 ,b x h>dly ev] is ( ! same sub/ance4 ,almo/ always x is ( compact cry/all9es1 & ! bank ( slaty cry/all9es2 or if x be ( slaty cry/all9es ! bank is ( slaty coh]5ts4 ,! bank is almo/ always ! s(t] ( ! two4#eg ,is n ?is v m>vell\s8 ,is x n exactly z if ! sub/ance _h be5 prep>$ s(t or h>d ) a sculpturesque view to :at _h to be done ) x2 s(t1 = ! glaci] to m\ld1 & ! torr5t to divide2 h>d1 to /& = ev]1 c5tral 9 m\nta9 maje/y4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #be4 #c4 ,next1 !n1 comes ! "q1 ,h[ d ^! compact cry/all9es & slaty cry/all9es jo9 ea* o!r8 ,x has long be5 a well recogniz$ fact 9 ! sci5ce ( geology1 t ! mo/ important m\nta9 ranges lift up & su/a9 ^u _! sides ! b$s ( rock :i* =m ! inf]ior gr\ps ( hills ar\nd !m 9 ! mann] r\ghly %[n 9 ! section ,fig4 #be1 :]e ! d>k mass /&s = ! h>d rock ( ! great m\nta9s 7cry/all9es71 & ! light] l9es at ! side ( x indicate ! preval5t direction ( ! b$s 9 ! neighbor+ hills 7coh]5ts71 :ile ! spott$ portions repres5t ! gravel & s& ( :i* ! great pla9s are usually compos$4 ,b x has n be5 s univ]sally recogniz$1 ?\gh long ago po9t$ out by ,de ,saussure1 t ! great c5tral gr\ps are (t5 !mselves compos$ ( b$s ly+ 9 a precisely opposite direction2 s t if we analyze c>efully ! /ructure ( ! d>k mass 9 ! c5tre ( ,fig4 #be1 we %all f9d x arrang$ 9 l9es :i* slope d[nw>ds to ! c5tre2 ! flanks ( x be+ ( slaty cry/all9e rock1 & ! summit ( compact cry/all9es1 z at a1 ,fig4 #bf4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bf4 ,9 speak+ ( ! sculpture ( ! c5tral peaks 9 ! la/ *apt]1 ,i made no ref]5ce to ! nature ( ! rocks 9 ! banks on :i* !y /ood4 ,! diagram at a1 ,fig4 #bg1 z repres5tative ( ! orig9al condition1 & b1 ( ! resultant condition w1 comp>$ ) ,fig4 #bd1 p4 #agj1 m completely illu/rate ! *ange4#eh ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bg4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bh4 #d4 ,by :at second>y laws ?is /ructure may ultimately be discov]$ to h be5 produc$ is ( no consequ5ce to u at pres5t2 all t x is ne$ful = u to note is ! b5efic5ce :i* appo9t$ x = ! m\nta9s de/9$ to assume ! bolde/ =ms4 ,= into :atev] outl9e !y may be sculptur$ by viol5ce or "t1 x is evid5t at a glance t _! /ability & security mu/ always be ! greate/ possible "u ! giv5 circum/ances4 ,suppose1 = in/ance1 t ! peak is 9 su* a =m z a 9 ,fig4 #bf1 !n1 h[ev] /eep ! slope may be on ei!r side1 !re is /ill no *ance ( "o piece ( rock slid+ (f ano!r2 b if ! same outl9e 7 giv5 to b$s dispos$ z at b1 ! unsupport$ masses might slide (f ^? b5ea? !m at any mom5t1 unless prev5t$ by ! inequalities ( ! surfaces4 ,f>!r1 9 ! m9or divisions ( ! outl9e1 ! t5d5cy ( ! peak at a w be always to assume cont\rs l ^? at a 9 ,fig4 #bh1 :i* are1 ( c\rse1 p]fectly safe2 b ! t5d5cy ( ! b$s at b 9 ,fig4 #bg w be to break into cont\rs su* z at b "h1 :i* are all p]il\s1 n only 9 ! *ance ( ea* sev]al portion giv+ way1 b 9 ! mann] 9 :i* !y w\ld deliv]1 f "o to ! o!r1 ! fragm5ts :i* fell4 ,a /one deta*$ f any portion ( ! peak at a w\ld be caught & /opp$ on ! l$ge b5ea? x2 b a fragm5t loos5$ f b w\ld n /ay till x rea*$ ! valley by a s]ies ( accel]at+ b\nds4 #e4 ,:ile1 h[ev]1 ! secure & noble =m repres5t$ at a 9 ,figs4 #bf & #bh is = ! mo/ "p orda9$ to be t ( ! highe/ m\nta9s1 ! cont\rs at b1 9 ea* figure1 are ( p]petual occurr5ce among ! second>y ranges1 9 :i*1 on a small] scale1 !y produce "s ( ! mo/ t]rific & fanta/ic =ms ( precipice2 n altoge!r )\t dang]1 z has be5 fe>fully demon/rat$ by _m a b]gfall among ! lime/one gr\ps ( ! ,alps2 b ) f> less dang] ?an w\ld h result$ f ! p]mission ( su* =ms among ! high] hills2 & ) collat]al advantages :i* we %all h pres5tly to consid]4 ,9 ! meantime1 we return to ! exam9ation ( ! sup]ior gr\ps4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bi4 #f4 ,! read] is1 no d\bt1 already aw>e t ! *a9 ( ! ,mont ,blanc is bord]$ by two great valleys1 runn+ p>allel to ea* o!r1 & seem+ly excavat$ on purpose t travell]s might be able to pass1 foot by foot1 along ea* side ( ! ,mont ,blanc & its aiguilles1 & ?us exam9e e peak 9 succession4 ,"o ( ^! valleys is t ( ,*am\ni1 ! o!r t ( :i* "o half is call$ ! ,alle ,blan*e1 & ! o!r ! ,val ,f]ret1 ! t[n ( ,cormayeur be+ ne> its c5tre1 :]e x op5s to ! ,val d',ao/a4 ,n[1 cutt+ ! *a9 ( ,mont ,blanc "r across1 f valley to valley1 ?r\gh ! d\ble range ( aiguilles1 ! section w\ld be#ei z ,fig4 #bi "h1 9 :i* a is ! valley ( ,*am\ni1 b ! range ( aiguilles ( ,*am\ni1 c ! range ( ! ,gant1 d ! valley ( ,cormayeur4 ,illu/ration3 #cj4 ,! ,aiguille ,*>moz4 ,ideal4 ,actual4 ,! little projection "u ,m is int5d$ to m>k approximately ! position ( ! s well-kn[n ,montanv]t4 ,x is a great weakness1 n to say worse ?an weakness1 on ! "p ( travell]s1 to extol always *iefly :at !y ?9k fewe/ p h se5 or c see4 ,i h climb$ mu*1 & w&]$ mu*1 9 ! he>t ( ! high ,alps1 b ,i h nev] yet se5 any?+ :i* equall$ ! view f ! cab9 ( ! ,montanv]t2 & z ! spot is visit$ e ye> by increas+ numb]s ( t\ri/s1 ,i h ?\ght x be/ to take ! m\nta9s :i* surr\nd x = ! pr9cipal subjects ( our inquiry4 #g4 ,! little em95ce left "u ,m truly m>ks ! height ( ! ,montanv]t on ! flanks ( ! ,aiguilles1 b n accurately its position1 :i* is some:at beh9d ! mass ( m\nta9 suppos$ to be cut ?r\gh by ! section4 ,b ! top ( ! ,montanv]t is actually =m$1 z %[n at ,m1 by ! cre/s ( ! oblique b$s ( slaty cry/all9es4 ,e travell] mu/ rememb] ! /eep & smoo? b$s ( rock l slop+ walls1 d[n :i*1 & ov] ! l$ges ( :i*1 ! pa? desc5ds f ! cab9 to ! edge ( ! glaci]4 ,^! slop+ walls are =m$ by ! inn] sides ( ! cry/all9e b$s1#fj z expos$ 9 ! not* beh9d ! lett] ,m4 #h4 ,to ^! b$s we %all return pres5tly1 our object j n[ be+ to exam9e ! aiguille1 :i*1 on ! ,montanv]t1 =ms ! mo/ conspicu\s mass ( m\nta9 on ! "r ( ! spectator4 ,x is kn[n 9 ,*am\ni z ! ,aiguille des ,*>moz1 & is di/+ui%$ by a v %>p horn or projection on its side1 :i* usually attracts ! travell]'s att5tion z "o ( ! mo/ s+ul> m9or features 9 ! view f ! ,montanv]t4 ,! l>g] masses ( ! :ole aiguille1 & true cont\r ( ?is horn1 are c>efully giv5 9 plate #cj1 ,fig4 #b1 z !y are se5 9 morn+ sun%9e4 ,! impression :i* travell]s usually c>ry away ) !m is1 ,i presume1 to be ga!r$ f ,fig4 #a1 a fac simile ( "o ( ! li?ographs pur*as$ ) avidity by ,engli% travell]s1 9 ! %ops ( ,*am\ni & ,g5eva1 z giv+ a fai?ful repres5tation ( ?is aiguille se5 f ! ,montanv]t4 ,x is wor? :ile to p]petuate ?is example ( ! ideal l&scape ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 popul> at ! "t :5 ! works ( ,turn] 7 decl>$ by ! public to be extravagant & unnatural4 #i4 ,?is example ( ! common ideal ( aiguilles is1 h[ev]1 useful 9 ano!r respect4 ,x %[s ! /rong impression :i* ^! ,*am\ni m\nta9s leave1 ( _! be+ above all o!rs %>p-peak$ & spl9t]y1 divid+ m or less into arr[y spires2 & x m>ks ! s5se ( ano!r & v curi\s "* 9 !m1 t ^! spires are apt to be some:at b5t or curv$4 ,bo? ^! impressions are p>tially true1 & ne$ to be insi/$ ^u1 & cle>$ ( _! indi/9ctness1 or exagg]ation4 ,fir/1 !n1 ?is /rong impression ( _! peak$ness & spiry sep>at5ess is always produc$ ) ! lea/ possible dang] to ! travell+ & admir+ public2 = if 9 reality ^! granite m\nta9s 7 ev] sep>at$ into true spires or po9ts1 9 ! lea/ resembl+ ?is popul> ideal 9 ,plate #cj1 ! ,montanv]t & ,m] de ,glace w\ld be z inaccessible1 except at ! risk ( life1 z ! tr5*es ( a besieg$ city2 & ! cont9ual fall ( ! spl9t]+ fragm5ts w\ld turn ev5 ! valley ( ,*am\ni itself into a /ony desolation4 #aj4 ,p]haps 9 describ+ m\nta9s ) any ef=t to give "s idea ( _! sublime =ms1 no expression comes (t5] to ! lips ?an ! ^w peak4 ,& yet x is curi\s h[ r>ely1 ev5 among ! gr&e/ ranges1 an in/ance c be f\nd ( a m\nta9 asc]ta9ably peak$ 9 ! true s5se ( ! ^w1--po9t$ at ! top1 & slop+ /eeply on all sides2 p]haps n m ?an five summits 9 ! *a9 ( ! ,alps1 ! ,f9/]-,a>horn1 ,wett]horn1 ,biets*horn1 ,weis%orn1 & ,monte ,viso pres5t+ approximations to su* a /ructure4 ,ev5 9 ! case ( n v /eep pyramids1 pres5t+ !mselves 9 ! di/ance "u "s su* outl9e z t at ! top ( ,fig4 #cj1 x almo/ inv>iably happ5s1 :5 we approa* & exam9e !m1 t !y d n slope equally on all _! sides1 b are no?+ m ?an /eep ends ( ridges1 support$ by f>-ext5d$ masses ( comp>atively level rock1 :i*1 se5 9 p]spective1 give ! impression ( a /eep slope1 ?\gh 9 reality dispos$ 9 a horizonal1 or ne>ly horizontal1 l9e4 #aa4 ,suppos+ ! c5tral diagram 9 ,fig4 #cj to be ! app>5t cont\r ( a di/ant m\nta91 !n its slopes may inde$1 by s+ul> *ance1 be z /eep z !y appe>2 b1 9 all probability1 sev]al ( !m are p]spective desc5ts ( its retir+ l9es2 & suppos+ x 7 =m$ z ! gable ro( ( ! old ,fr5* h\se bel[1 & se5 "u ! same angle1 x is evid5t t ! "p ( ! outl9e a b 79 lett]$ ref]5ce l9e bel[7 w\ld be p]fectly horizontal2 b c an angle slope1 9 retir+ p]spective1 mu* less /eep ?an x appe>s2 c d1 p]fectly1 horizontal2 d e1 an advanc+ or =e%ort5$ angle slope1 less /eep ?an x appe>s2 & e f1 p]fectly horizontal4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cj4 ,b if ! pyramid pres5ts itself "u a m =midable aspect1 & ) /eep] sides ?an ^? ( ! c5tral diagram1 !n x may be assum$ 7z f> z ,i "k m\nta9s7 = next to a c]ta9ty1 t x is n a po9t$ obelisk1 b ! end ( a ridge m or less prolong$1 ( :i* we see ! n>r[ edge or section turn$ t[>ds u4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ca4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cb4 ,angles ) ! horizon x y4 ,( ! l9e a b #ag b c #bj d y 7g5]al slope1 exclusive ( inequalities7 #ce a x 7ditto1 ditto1 to po9t ( cliff above x7 #bc ,= in/ance1 no m\nta9 9 ! ,alps produces a m vigor\s impression ( peak$ness ?an ! ,matt]horn4 ,9 ,pr(essor ,=bes's "w on ! ,alps1 x is spok5 ( z an obelisk ( rock1 & repres5t$ ) little exagg]ation 9 8 sev5? plate "u ! outl9e ,fig4 #ca4 ,naturally1 9 glanc+1 :e!r at ! plate or ! m\nta91 we assume ! mass to be a peak1 & suppose ! l9e a b to be ! /eep slope ( its side4 ,b t l9e is a p]spective l9e4 ,x is 9 reality p]fectly horizontal1 correspond+ to e f 9 ! p5?\se ro(1 ,fig4 #cj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cc4 ,angles ) ! horizon x y4 a f #ef a e #ab e b 7f po9t to po9t7 #dd b c 7 ditto1 ditto 7 #fg c d 7ov]hang+7 #gi a x 7irrespective ( irregul>ities7 #ef a y #ch #ab4 ,i say p]fectly horizontal1 mean+1 ( c\rse1 9 g5]al t5d5cy4 ,x is m or less irregul> & brok51 b s ne>ly horizontal t1 aft] "s prolong$ exam9ation ( ! data ,i h collect$ ab\t ! ,matt]horn1 ,i am at ?is mom5t 9 d\bt :i* is its top4 ,= z1 9 ord] to exam9e ! b$s on its flanks1 ,i walk$ up ! ,zmutt glaci]1 ,i saw t ! l9e a b 9 ,fig4 #ca gradually lo/ its /eepness2 & ab\t half-way up ! glaci]1 ! conjectural summit a !n be>+ ne>ly ,s4 ,e4 7=ty degrees ea/ ( s\?71 ,i f\nd ! cont\r 0 z 9 ,fig4 #cb4 ,9 ,fig4 #cc1 ,i h giv5 ! cont\r z se5 f ,z]matt2 & 9 all ?ree1 ! same lett]s indicate ! same po9ts4 ,9 ! ,figures #cb & #cc ,i measur$ ! angles ) ! greate/ c>e1#fa f ! base l9es x y1 :i* are accurately horizontal2 & _! g5]al tru?1 irrespective ( m]e rugg$ness1 may be dep5d$ ^u4 ,n[ 9 ?is flank view1 ,fig4 #cb1 :at 0 ! summit at ,z]matt1 a1 becomes q subord9ate1 & ! po9t b1 f> d[n ! flank 9 ,=bes's view tak5 f ! ,riffelhorn1 is "h ! app>5t summit4 ,i 0 = "s "t 9 consid]able d\bt :i* ( ! appe>ances 0 mo/ tru/wor?y2 & believe n[ t !y are bo? deceptive2 = ,i f\nd1 on asc5d+ ! flank ( ! hills on ! o!r side ( ! ,valais1 to a height ( ab\t five ?\s& feet above ,brieg1 betwe5 ! ,alets* glaci] & ,biets*horn2 be+ ?us high en\gh to get a view ( ! ,matt]horn on some?+ l di/ant t]ms ( equality1 up ! ,/4 ,ni*olas valley1 x pres5t$ itself "u ! outl9e ,fig4 #cd1 :i* seems to be conclusive = ! supremacy ( ! po9t e1 betwe5 a & b 9 ,fig4 #cc4 ,b ! impossibility ( det]m9+1 at ! foot ( x1 )\t a trigonometrical obs]vation1 :i* is ! top ( su* an app>5t peak z ! ,matt]horn1 may s]ve to %[ ! read] h[ little ! eye is to be tru/$ = ! v]ification ( peak$ outl9e4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cd4 #ac4 ,9 l mann]1 ! aiguilles ( ,*am\ni1 :i* pres5t !mselves to ! travell]1 z he looks up to !m f ! village1 "u an outl9e approximat+ to t rudely indicat$ at ,c 9 ! next figure1 are 9 reality buttresses project+ f an int]m$iate ridge4 ,let ,a be suppos$ to be a ca/le wall1 ) slightly elevat$ masses ( squ>e-built buttresses at int]vals4 ,!n1 by a process ( dilapidation1 ^! buttresses might easily be br\ght to assume 9 _! p]spective ( ru9 ! =ms indicat$ at ,b1 :i*1 ) c]ta9 modifications1 is ! actual %ape ( ! ,*am\ni aiguilles4 ,! top ( ! ,aiguille ,*>moz is n ! po9t "u d1 b t "u e4 ,! deception is mu* increas$ by ! elevation ( ! :ole ca/le wall on ! gre5 bank be=e spok5 (1 :i* raises its f\ndation sev]al ?\s& feet above ! eye1 & ?us1 giv+ amaz+ /eepness to all ! p]spective l9es1 produces an impression ( ! utmo/ possible isolation ( peaks1 :]e1 9 reality1 !re is a well-support$1 & m or less cont9u\s1 ?\gh %>ply jagg$1 pile ( solid walls4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ce4 #ad4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 ?is great diff]5ce betwe5 ! ca/le wall & aiguilles1 t ! dilapidation 9 ! "o w\ld take place by ! fall ( horizontal bricks or /ones2 9 ! aiguilles x takes place 9 q an opposite mann] by ! flak+ away ( ne>ly v]tical ones4 ,?is is ! next po9t ( great int]e/ respect+ !m4 ,obs]ve1 ! object ( _! con/ruction appe>s to be ! atta9m5t ( ! utmo/ possible peak$ness 9 aspect1 ) ! lea/ possible dang] to ! inhabitants ( ! valleys4 ,z1 !re=e1 !y are fir/ ?r[n into transv]se ridges1 :i* take1 9 p]spective1 a m or less peak$ outl9e1 s1 9 _! dilapidation1 !y split into n>r[ flakes1 :i*1 if se5 edgeways1 look z %>p z a lance-po9t1 b are nev]!less /ill /rong2 be+ ea* ( !m1 9 reality1 n a lance-po9t or ne$le1 b a hat*et edge4 #ae4 ,& s9ce if ^! %>p flakes broke /raight across ! masses ( m\nta91 :5 once ! fissure took place1 all hold w\ld be lo/ betwe5 flake & flake1 x is ord]$ 7& h]e9 is ! mo/ notable ?+ 9 ! :ole matt]7 t !y %all n break /raight1 b 9 curves1 r\nd ! body ( ! aiguilles1 some:at 9 ! mann] ( ! coats ( an onion2 s t1 ev5 aft] fissure has tak5 place1 ! deta*$ film or flake cl+s to & leans ^u ! c5tral mass1 & w n fall f x till c5turies ( pi]c+ fro/ h w$g$ x utt]ly f its hold2 &1 ev5 !n1 w n fall all at once1 b drop to pieces sl[ly1 & flake by flake4 ,consid] a little ! b5efic5ce ( ?is ord9ance2#fb suppos+ ! cliffs _h be5 built l ! ca/le wall1 ! m\ld]+ away ( a few bricks1 m or less1 at ! bottom w\ld h br\ght d[n huge masses above1 z x con/antly does 9 ru9s1 & 9 ! m\ld]+ cliffs ( ! slaty coh]5ts2 :ile yet ! top ( ! m\nta9 w\ld h be5 always blunt & r\nd$1 z at a1 ,fig4 #cf1 :5 se5 aga9/ ! sky4 ,b ! aiguille be+ built 9 ^! ne>ly v]tical curv$ flakes1 ! wor/ t ! fro/ c d to x is to pu% its und]mo/ rocks asund] into =ms su* z at b1 ( :i*1 :5 _m ( ! edges h fall51 ! l[] ones are m or less support$ by ! v dbris accumulat$ at _! feet2 & yet all ! :ile ! tops su/a9 !mselves 9 ! mo/ fanta/ic & incr$ible f95ess ( peak aga9/ ! sky4 ,illu/ration3 ,j4 ,rusk94 ,j4 ,c4 ,armytage4 #ca4 ,! ,aiguille ,blaitire4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cf4 #af4 ,i h drawn ! flakes 9 ,fig4 #cf1 = illu/ration's sake1 "u a c>icatur$ =m4 ,_! real aspect w be und]/ood 9 a mom5t by a glance at ! opposite plate1 #ca1 :i* repres5ts ! c5tral aiguille 9 ! woodcut outl9e ,fig4 #ce 7,aiguille ,blaitire1 call$ by ,=bes ,greppond71 z se5 f )9 ab\t half a mile ( its actual base4 ,! :ite %ell-l mass b5ea? x is a small glaci]1 :i* 9 its beautifully curv$ outl9e#fc appe>s to sympa?ize ) ! sweep ( ! rocks b5ea?1 ris+ & break+ l a wave at ! feet ( ! rem>kable horn or spur :i* supports x on ! "r4 ,! base ( ! aiguille itself is1 z x 71 wa%$ by ?is glaci]1 or by ! sn[ :i* cov]s x1 till late 9 ! season1 z a cliff is by ! sea2 except t a n>r[ *asm1 ( "s tw5ty or ?irty feet 9 dep? & two or ?ree feet wide1 usually sep>ates ! rock f ! ice1 :i* is melt$ away by ! heat reflect$ f ! s\!rn face ( ! aiguille4 ,! rock all along ?is base l9e is ( ! mo/ magnific5t compactness & h>dness1 & r+s "u ! hamm] l a bell2 yet1 :5 reg>d$ f a little di/ance1 x is se5 to be di/9ctly incl9$ to sep>ate into gr& curv$ flakes or %eets1 ( :i* ! d>k edges are well m>k$ 9 ! plate4 ,! pyramidal =m ( ! aiguille1 z se5 f ?is po9t1 is1 h[ev]1 entirely deceptive2 ! squ>e rock :i* =ms its app>5t summit is n ! real top1 b mu* 9 advance ( x1 & ! slope on ! "r aga9/ ! sky is a p]spective l9e2 :ile1 on ! o!r h&1 ! precipice 9 light1 above ! ?ree small horns at ! n>r[e/ "p ( ! glaci]1 is consid]ably /eep] ?an x appe>s to be1 ! cleavage ( ! flakes cross+ x some:at obliquely4 ,b ,i %[ ! aiguille f ?is spot t ! read] may m di/9ctly note ! fell[%ip betwe5 its curv$ precipice & ! little d>k horn or spur :i* b\nds ! glaci]2 a spur ! m rem>kable because !re is j su* ano!r1 jutt+ 9 l mann] f ! correspond+ angle ( ! next aiguille 7,*>moz71 bo? ( !m look+ l remnants or f\ndations ( ! va/] anci5t pyramids1 ( :i* ! great] "p has be5 by ages c>ri$ away4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cg4 #ag4 ,! m ,i exam9$ ! range ( ! aiguilles ! m ,i 0 /ruck by ?is curv$ cleavage z _! pr9cipal "*4 ,x is q true t !y h o!r /raight] cleavages 7notic$ 9 ! ,app5dix1 z ! inve/igation ( !m w\ld be tiresome to ! g5]al read]72 b x is ?is to :i* !y owe ! :ole picturesqu5ess ( _! cont\rs2 curv$ z x is1 n simply1 b (t5 into ! mo/ /range %ell-l undulations1 z w be und]/ood by a glance at ,fig4 #cg1 :i* %[s ! m]e gov]n+ l9es at ! base ( ?is ,aiguille ,blaitire1 se51 ) its spur1 f a /ation "s qu>t] ( a mile ne>] x1 & m to ! ea/ ?an t *os5 9 ,plate #ca4 ,^! lead+ l9es are r>ely well %[n 9 f9e wea!r1 ! important cont\r f a d[nw>ds be+ h>dly reliev$ cle>ly f ! precipice beyond 7b71 unless a cl\d int]v5es1 z x did :5 ,i made ?is memor&um2 :ile1 aga91 ! lead+ l9es ( ! ,aiguille du ,plan1 z se5 f ! foot ( x1 close to ! rocks1 are z at ,fig4 #ch1 ! g5]ally pyramidal outl9e be+ ne>ly simil> to t ( ,blaitire1 & a spur be+ ?r[n out to ! "r1 "u a1 compos$ 9 exactly ! same mann] ( curv$ folia ( rock laid "o aga9/ ! o!r4 ,! holl[ 9 ! he>t ( ! aiguille is z smoo? & sweep+ 9 curve z ! cavity ( a va/ bivalve %ell4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ch4 #ah4 ,i call ^! ! gov]n+ or lead+ l9es1 n because !y are ! fir/ :i* /rike ! eye1 b because1 l ^? ( ! gra9 ( ! wood 9 a tree-trunk1 !y rule ! swell & fall & *ange ( all ! mass4 ,9 ,nature1 or 9 a photograph1 a c>eless obs]v] w by no means be /ruck by !m1 any m ?an he w\ld by ! curves ( ! tree2 & an ord9>y arti/ w\ld draw r ! cragg9ess & granulation ( ! surfaces1 j z he w\ld r draw ! b>k & moss ( ! trunk4 ,nor c any "o be m /eadfa/ly adv]se ?an ,i to e sub/itution ( anatomical k = outw>d & app>5t fact2 b s x is1 t z an arti/ increases 9 acut5ess ( p]ception1 ! facts :i* become outw>d & app>5t to him are ^? :i* be> ^u ! gr[? or make ( ! ?+4 ,&1 j z 9 look+ at any woodcut ( trees aft] ,titian or ,alb]t ,dur]1 z comp>$ ) a mod]n wat]-color sket*1 we %all always be /ruck by ! wri?+ & r\nd+ ( ! tree trunks 9 ! "o1 & ! /iffness1 & m]ely blott$ or granulat$ surfaces ( ! o!r2 s1 9 look+ at ^! rocks1 ! ke5ness ( ! arti/'s eye may almo/ precisely be te/$ by ! degree 9 :i* he p]ceives ! curves t give !m _! /r5g? & grace1 & 9 h>mony ) :i* ! flakes ( granite are b\nd toge!r1 l ! bones ( ! jaw ( a saurian4 ,?us ! t5 ye>s ( /udy :i* ,i h giv5 to ^! m\nta9s s9ce ,i describ$ !m 9 ! fir/ volume z trav]s$ sometimes by graceful curvil9e> fissures1 sometimes by /raight fissures1 h enabl$ me to asc]ta91 & n[ g5]ally at a glance to see1 t ! curvil9e> ones are dom9ant1 & t ev5 ! fissures or edges :i* appe> p]fectly /raight h almo/ always "s delicate sympa?y ) ! curves4 ,occasionally1 h[ev]1 z 9 ! sep>ate b$s :i* =m ! spur or horn ( ! ,aiguille ,blaitire1 se5 9 true pr(ile 9 ,plate #bi1 ,fig4 #c1 ! /raightness is s accurate t1 n hav+ br\ght a rule ) me up ! glaci]1 ,i 0 oblig$ to write "u my sket*1 ,n possible to draw x /raight en\gh4 ,comp>e also ! l9es slop+ to ! left 9 ,fig4 #ch4 #ai4 ,b :y n give ev]y?+ j z x is2 )\t c>+ :at is dom9ant & :at subord9ate8 ,y _c4 ,( all ! v>i\s impossibilities :i* torm5t & humiliate ! pa9t]1 none are m vexati\s ?an t ( draw+ a m\nta9 =m4 ,x is inde$ impossible en\gh to draw1 by resolute c>e1 ! foam on a wave1 or ! outl9e ( ! foliage ( a l>ge tree2 b 9 ^! cases1 :5 c>e is at fault1 c>elessness w help1 & ! da% ( ! bru% w 9 "s measure give wildness to ! *urn+ ( ! foam1 & inf9itude to ! %ak+ ( ! leaves4 ,b *ance w n help u ) ! m\nta94 ,its f9e & fa9tly organiz$ edge seems to be def9itely trac$ aga9/ ! sky2 yet let u set ourselves hone/ly to foll[ x1 & we f9d1 on ! in/ant1 x has disappe>$3 & t = two reasons4 ,! fir/1 t if ! m\nta9 be l(ty1 & 9 light1 x is s fa9t 9 color t ! eye lit]ally _c trace its sep>ation f ! hues next to x4 ,! o!r day ,i want$ ! cont\r ( a lime/one m\nta9 9 ! ,valais1 di/ant ab\t sev5 miles1 & z _m ?\s& feet above me2 x 0 b>r5 lime/one2 ! morn+ sun fell ^u x1 s z to make x almo/ v]milion color1 & ! sky beh9d x a blui% gre54 ,two t9ts c\ld h>dly h be5 m oppos$1 b bo? 7 s subtle1 t ,i f\nd x impossible to see accurately ! l9e t sep>at$ ! v]milion f ! gre54 ,! second1 t if ! cont\r be obs]v$ f a ne>] po9t1 or look$ at :5 x is d>k aga9/ ! sky1 x w be f\nd compos$ ( millions ( m9or angles1 crags1 po9ts1 & fissures1 :i* no human sight or h& c draw f9ely en\gh1 & yet all ( :i* h effect ^u ! m9d4 #bj4 ,! outl9e %[n z d>k aga9/ ! sky 9 ,plate #bi1 ,fig4 #b is ab\t a hundr$1 or a hundr$ & tw5ty1 y>ds ( ! top ( ! ridge ( ,*>moz1 runn+ f ! base ( ! aiguille d[n to ! ,montanv]t1 & se5 f ! mora9e ( ! ,*>moz glaci]1 a qu>t] ( a mile di/ant to ! s\?-we/4#fd ,x is =m$ ( decompos+ granite1 ?r[n d[n 9 blocks entirely deta*$1 b w$g$ toge!r1 s z to /& cont9ually 9 ^! seem+ly p]il\s cont\rs 7be+ a portion ( su* a base ( aiguille z t 9 b1 ,fig4 #cf1 p4 #ahe74fe ,! block =m+ ! summit on ! left is fifte5 or eighte5 feet long2 & ! upp] edge ( x1 :i* is ! dom9ant po9t ( ! ,*>moz ridge1 is ! be/ spot 9 ! ,*am\ni di/rict = giv+ a ?or\gh comm& ( ! relations ( ! aiguilles on ea* side ( ! ,m] de ,glace4 ,n[ put ! book1 ) t page op51 upright1 at ?ree y>ds di/ance f y1 & try to draw ?is cont\r1 :i* ,i h made z d>k & di/9ct z x ev] c\ld be 9 reality1 & y w imm$iately und]/& :y x is impossible to draw m\nta9 outl9es rightly4 #ba4 ,& if n outl9es1 a =tiori n details ( mass1 :i* h all ! complexity ( ! outl9e multipli$ a ?\s& fold1 & drawn 9 fa9t] colors4 ,no?+ is m curi\s ?an ! /ate ( emb>rassm5t into :i* ! un=tunate arti/ mu/ soon be ca/ :5 he endeavors hone/ly to draw ! face ( ! simple/ m\nta9 cliff--say a ?\s& feet high1 & two or ?ree miles di/ant4 ,x is full ( exquisite details1 all seem+ly decisive & cle>2 b :5 he tries to arre/ "o ( !m1 he _c see x1--_c f9d :]e x beg9s or ends1--& pres5tly x runs into ano!r2 & !n he tries to draw t1 b t w n be drawn1 nei!r1 until x has conduct$ him to a ?ird1 :i*1 someh[ or ano!r1 made "p ( ! fir/2 pres5tly he f9ds t1 in/ead ( ?ree1 !re are 9 reality f\r1 & !n he loses 8 place altoge!r4 ,he tries to draw cle> l9es1 to make 8 "w look craggy1 b f9ds t !n x is too h>d2 he tries to draw s(t l9es1 & x is imm$iately too s(t2 he draws a curv$ l9e1 & in/antly sees x %\ld h be5 /raight2 a /raight "o1 & f9ds :5 he looks up aga91 t x has got curv$ :ile he 0 draw+ x4 ,!re is no?+ = him b despair1 or "s sort ( ab/raction & %or?& = cliff4 ,!n ! only "q is1 :at is ! wise/ ab/raction2 & out ( ! multitude ( l9es t _c altoge!r be int]pret$1 :i* are ! really dom9ant ones2 s t if we _c give ! :ole1 we may at lea/ give :at w convey ! mo/ important facts ab\t ! cliff4 ,illu/ration3 #cb4 ,aiguille ,draw+4 #a4 ,old ,ideal4 #b4 ,turn]ian4 #bb4 ,recurr+ !n to our public op9ion ( ! ,aiguille ,*>moz1 we f9d ! greate/ exagg]ation (1 & !re=e ,i suppose ! greate/ int]e/ 91 ! n>r[ & spiry po9t on its left side4 ,t is 9 reality a po9t at all b a hat*et edge2 a flake ( rock1 :i* is enabl$ to ma9ta9 itself 9 ?is %>p-edg$ /ate by its wri?+ folds ( s9ewy granite4 ,its /ructure1 on a l>g] scale1 & se5 edge on1 is %[n 9 ,fig4 #da4 ,! :ole aiguille is compos$ ( a s]ies ( su* flakes1 liable1 inde$1 to all k9ds ( fissure 9 o!r directions1 b hold+1 by _! modes ( v]tical association1 ! /ronge/ au?ority ov] ! =m ( ! :ole m\nta94 ,x is n 9 all lights t !y are se5 pla9ly3 = in/ance1 9 ! morn+ effect 9 ,plate #cj !y are h>dly traceable3 b ! long] we wat*1 ! m !y are p]ceiv$2 & _! p[] ( su/a9+ !mselves v]tically is s great1 t at ! foot ( ! aiguille on ! "r a few ( !m =m a deta*$ mass1 kn[n z ! ,petit ,*>moz1 betwe5 ,e & c 9 ,fig4 #fj1 p4 #baj1 ( :i* ! height ( ! utt]mo/ flake1 betwe5 c & d1 is ab\t five hundr$ feet4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #da4 ,important1 h[ev]1 z ?is curv$ cleavage is1 x is s confus$ among o!rs1 t x has tak5 me1 z ,i said1 t5 ye>s ( almo/ successive labor to develope1 9 any degree ( complet5ess1 its relations among ! aiguilles ( ,*am\ni2 & ev5 ( pr(ess$ geologi/s1 ! only p]son :o has describ$ x prop]ly is ,de ,saussure1 ^: cont9ual soj\rn among ! ,alps enabl$ him ju/ly to disc]n ! con/ant f ! incon/ant ph5om5a4 ,& yet1 9 8 v fir/ j\rney to ,savoy1 ,turn] saw x at a glance1 & fa/5$ on x z ! ma9 ?+ to be express$ 9 ^? m\nta9s4 ,9 ! opposite ,plate 7#cb71 ! d>ke/ division1 on ! "r1 is a tol]ably accurate copy ( ,turn]'s r5d]+ ( ! ,aiguille ,*>moz 7et*$ & engrav$ by himself71 9 ! plate call$ ! ,m] de ,glace1 9 ! ,lib] ,/udiorum4 ,its outl9e is 9 local respects inaccurate en\gh1 be+ modifi$ by ,turn]ian topography2 b ! flaky "* is s def9ite1 t x looks z if x _h be5 prep>$ = an illu/rative diagram ( ! po9ts at pres5t "u discussion4 #bc4 ,& d n let x be suppos$ t ?is 0 by *ance1 or t ! modes ( m\nta9 draw+ at ! p]iod w\ld 9 any wise h help$ ,turn] to discov] ^! l9es4 ,! aiguilles _h be5 drawn be=e ?is "t1 & ! figure on ! left 9 ,plate #cb w %[ h[4 ,x is a facsimile ( a piece ( an engrav+ ( ! ,m] de ,glace1 by ,woollett1 aft] ,william ,p>s1 publi%$ 9 #aghc1 & f\nd$ on ! g5]al ,wilsonian & ,claudesque pr9ciples ( l&scape common at ! "t4 ,!re are1 9 ! re/ ( ! plate1 "s good arrangem5ts ( %ad[ & true a]ial p]spective2 & ! piece ,i h copi$1 :i* is an attempt to repres5t ! ,aiguille ,dru1 opposite ! ,*>moz1 w s]ve1 n unfairly1 to %[ h[ totally inadequate ! draughtsm5 ( ! "t 7 to p]ceive ! "* ( m\nta9s1 &1 also1 h[ unable ! human m9d is by itself to conceive any?+ l ! v>iety ( natural =m4 ,! workman _h n look$ at ! ?+1--tru/$ to 8 ,ideal1 suppos$ t brok5 & rugg$ rocks might be %ap$ bett] out ( 8 own head ?an by ,nature's laws1--& we see :at comes ( x4 #bd4 ,& n[1 la/ly1 obs]ve1 9 ! laws by :i* ?is /range curvil9e> /ructure is giv5 to ! aiguilles1 h[ ! provision = beauty ( =m is made 9 ! fir/ l&scape mat]ials we h to /udy4 ,we h p]mitt$ ourselves1 accord+ to t unsy/ematic mode ( proce$+ plead$ = 9 ! op5+ ( our pres5t task1 to w&] hi!r & ?i!r z ?is or t "q rose be=e u1 & dem&$1 or tempt$1 our pursuit4 ,b ! read] mu/ yet rememb] t our special bus9ess 9 ?is section ( ! "w is ! obs]vance ( ! nature ( beauty1 & ( ! degrees 9 :i* ! aspect ( any object fulfils ! laws ( beauty /at$ 9 ! second volume4 ,n[ 9 ! fifte5? p>agraph ( ! *apt] on inf9ity1 x 0 /at$ t curvature 0 ess5tial to all beauty1 & t :at we %\ld ne$ m especially to prove1 0 ! con/ancy ( curvature 9 all natural =ms :atsoev]4 ,& ^! aiguilles1 :i* are ! fir/ objects we h _h def9itely to consid]1 appe>$ z little likely to fulfil ! condition z any?+ we c\ld h come ^u4 ,i am well assur$ t ! majority ( spectators see no curves 9 !m at all1 b an int5sely upright1 /]n1 spiry rugg$ness & angul>ity4 ,& we might ev5 be=eh& h be5 l$ to expect1 & to be cont5t$ 9 expect+1 no?+ else f !m ?an ?is2 = s9ce1 z we h said (t51 !y are "p ( ! e>?'s skeleton1 be+ creat$ to su/a9 & /r5g!n ev]y?+ else1 & yet diff] f a skeleton 9 ?is1 t ! e>? is n only support$ by _! /r5g?1 b f$ by _! ru92 s t !y are fir/ compos$ ( ! h>de/ & lea/ tractable sub/ance1 & !n expos$ to su* /orm & viol5ce z %all beat l>ge p>ts ( !m to p[d]2--"u ^! desp]ate conditions ( be+1 ,i say1 we might h anticipat$ "s correspond5t rugg$ness & t]ribl5ess ( aspect1 "s su* refusal to comply ) ord9>y laws ( beauty1 z we (t5 see 9 o!r ?+s & creatures put to h>d "w1 & su/a9+ di/ress or viol5ce4 #be4 ,& truly1 at fir/ sight1 !re is su* refusal 9 _! look1 & _! %att]$ walls & cre/s seem to rise 9 a gloomy contra/ ) ! s(t waves ( bank & wood b5ea?2 nor d ,i mean to press ! m]e fact1 t1 z we look long] at !m1 o!r l9es become p]ceptible1 because x might be ?\ght no pro( ( _! beauty t !y ne$$ long att5tion 9 ord] to be disc]n$4 ,b ,i ?9k ?is mu* at lea/ is des]v+ ( our notice1 z confirmatory ( =egone conclusions1 t ! =ms :i* 9 o!r ?+s are produc$ by sl[ increase1 or gradual abrasion ( surface1 are "h produc$ by r\gh fracture1 :5 r\gh fracture is to be ! law ( exi/5ce4 ,a rose is r\nd$ by its own s(t ways ( gr[?1 a re$ is b[$ into t5d] curvature by ! pressure ( ! breeze2 b we c\ld n1 f ^!1 h prov$ any resolv$ pref]5ce1 by ,nature1 ( curv$ l9es to o!rs1 inasmu* z x might always h be5 answ]$ t ! curves 7 produc$1 n = beauty's sake1 b infallibly1 by ! laws ( vegetable exi/5ce2 &1 look+ at brok5 fl9ts or rugg$ banks aft]w>ds1 we might h ?\ght t we only lik$ ! curv$ l9es because associat$ ) life & organism1 & dislik$ ! angul> ones1 because associat$ ) inaction & disord]4 ,b ,nature gives u 9 ^! m\nta9s a m cle> demon/ration ( h] w4 ,%e is "h driv5 to make fracture ! law ( be+4 ,%e _c tuft ! rock-edges ) moss1 or r\nd !m by wat]1 or hide !m ) leaves & roots4 ,%e is b\nd to produce a =m1 admirable to human be+s1 by cont9ual break+ away ( sub/ance4 ,& behold--s soon z %e is compell$ to d ?is--%e *anges ! law ( fracture itself4 ,gr[?1 %e seems to say1 is n ess5tial to my "w1 nor concealm5t1 nor s(tness2 b curvature is3 & if ,i mu/ produce my =ms by break+ !m1 ! fracture itself %all be 9 curves4 ,if1 in/ead ( dew & sun%9e1 ! only in/rum5ts ,i am to use are ! lightn+ & ! fro/1 !n _! =k$ tongues & cry/al w$ges %all /ill "w out my laws ( t5d] l9e4 ,deva/ation in/ead ( nurture may be ! task ( all my elem5ts1 & age aft] age may only prolong ! unr5ovat$ ru92 b ! appo9tm5ts ( typical beauty :i* h be5 made ov] all creatures %all n !re=e be ab&on$2 & ! rocks %all be rul$1 9 _! p]petual p]i%+1 by ! same ord9ances t direct ! b5d+ ( ! re$ & ! blu% ( ! rose4 ,,footnotes #eg ,see1 = explanatory /atem5ts1 ,app5dix #b4 #eh ,i h be5 able to exam9e ^! conditions ) mu* c>e 9 ! *a9 ( ,mont ,blanc only1 :i* ,i *ose = ! subject ( inve/igation bo? z be+ ! mo/ int]e/+ to ! g5]al travell]1 & z be+ ! only range ( ! c5tral m\nta9s :i* _h be5 mu* pa9t$ by ,turn]4 ,b ,i believe ! s+ul> arrangem5ts ( b$s :i* take place 9 ?is *a9 h be5 f\nd by ! ,g]man geologi/s to prevail also 9 ! highe/ peaks ( ! ,we/]n ,alps2 & !re are a peculi> beauty & provid5ce 9 !m :i* induce me to expect t f>!r inquiries may ju/ify our attribut+ !m to "s v ext5sive law ( ! e>?'s /ructure4 ,see ! notes f ,de ,saussure 9 ,app5dix #b4 #ei ,t is to say1 z x appe>s to me4 ,!re are "s po9ts ( ! foll[+ /atem5ts :i* are disput$ among geologi/s2 ! read] w f9d !m h]eaft] discuss$ at great] l5g?4 #fj ,runn+1 at t po9t v ne>ly1 ,n4 ,e4 & ,s4 ,w41 & dipp+ "u ! ice at an angle ( ab\t sev5ty degrees4 #fa ,x 0 (t5 ( great importance to me to asc]ta9 ^! app>5t slopes ) "s degree ( correctness4 ,9 ord] to d s )\t ! tr\ble ( c>ry+ any in/rum5t 7except my compass & _s-level71 ,i _h my ,alp9e pole made z ev5 z a r\nd rule = ab\t a foot 9 ! middle ( its l5g?4 ,tak+ ! be>+ ( ! m\nta91 plac+ ! pole at "r angles to ! be>+1 & adju/+ x by ! _s-level1 ,i br\ght ! edge ( a piece ( f9ely cut pa/ebo>d p>allel1 9 a v]tical plane 7plumb$71 ) ! app>5t slope ( ! hillside4 ,a p5cil l9e drawn by ! pole !n gave me a horizon1 ) :i* ! angle c\ld be easily measur$ at home4 ,! measurem5ts ?us obta9$ are giv5 "u ! figures4 #fb ,t is to say1 9 a cliff int5d$ to owe its outl9e to dilapidation4 ,:]e no dilapidation is to be p]mitt$1 ! b$d$ /ructure1 well knit1 is always us$4 ,( ?is we %all see v>i\s examples 9 ! #af? *apt]4 #fc ,giv5 already z an example ( curvature 9 ! ,/ones ( ,v5ice1 vol4 #a1 plate #g4 #fd ,! top ( ! aiguille ( ! ,little ,*>moz be>+1 f ! po9t :5ce ?is sket* 0 made1 ab\t six degrees ea/ ( nor?4 #fe ,! summits ( ! aiguilles are (t5 m fanta/ically r5t /ill4 ,fig4 #ci is ! pr(ile ( a portion ( ! upp] edge ( ! ,aiguille du ,mo9e1 se5 f ! cre/ ( ,*>moz2 ,fig4 #dj %[s ! ?ree lat]al fragm5ts1 drawn to a l>g] scale4 ,! height ( ea* ( ! upright masses mu/ be f tw5ty to tw5ty-five feet4 ,i d n "k if _! rude resemblance to two figures1 on opposite sides ( a table or alt>1 has _h any?+ to d ) ! "n ( ! aiguille4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ci4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dj4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,result+ ,,=ms3--,,secondly1 ,,cre/s4 #a4 ,betwe5 ! aiguilles1 or o!r conditions ( c5tral peak1 & ! hills :i* are cle>ly =m$1 z expla9$ 9 ,*ap4 ,,xii4 #aa1 by ! m]e break+ ( ! edges ( solid b$s ( coh]5t rock1 !re occurs almo/ always a condition ( m\nta9 summit1 int]m$iate 9 aspect1 z 9 position4 ,! aiguille may g5]ally be repres5t$ by ! type a1 ,fig4 #db2 ! solid & simple b$s ( rock by ! type c4 ,! condition b1 cle>ly int]m$iate betwe5 ! two1 is1 on ! :ole1 ! mo/ graceful & p]fect 9 :i* m\nta9 masses occur4 ,x seems to h attract$ m ( ! att5tion ( ! poets ?an ei!r ( ! o!rs2 & ! ord9>y ^w1 cre/1 :i* we c>elessly use 9 speak+ ( m\nta9 summits1 z if x meant little m ?an edge or ridge1 has a peculi> =ce & propriety :5 appli$ to ranges ( cliff ^: cont\rs correspond ?us closely to ! pr9cipal l9es ( ! cre/ ( a ,greek helmet4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #db4 #b4 ,!re is ano!r resemblance :i* !y c h>dly fail to sugge/ :5 at all irregul> 9 =m1--t ( a wave ab\t to break4 ,byron uses ! image def9itely ( ,soracte2 &1 9 a less cle> way1 x seems to pres5t itself occasionally to all m9ds1 !re be+ a g5]al t5d5cy to give or accept acc\nts ( m\nta9 =m "u ! image ( waves2 & to speak ( a hilly c\ntry1 se5 f above1 z look+ l a sea ( m\nta9s4 ,su* expressions1 vaguely us$1 d n1 ,i ?9k1 g5]ally imply mu* m ?an t ! gr\nd is wav$ or undulat$ into bold masses4 ,b if we give prolong$ att5tion to ! m\nta9s ( ! gr\p b we %all gradually beg9 to feel t m pr(\nd tru? is c\*$ "u ?is mode ( speak+1 & t !re is inde$ an appe>ance ( action & unit$ movem5t 9 ^! cre/$ masses1 ne>ly resembl+ t ( sea waves2 t !y seem n to be heap$ up1 b to leap or toss !mselves up2 & 9 do+ s1 to wrea! & twi/ _! summits into ! mo/ fanta/ic1 yet h>moni\s1 curves1 gov]n$ by "s gr& "u-sweep l t ( a tide1 runn+ ?r\gh ! :ole body ( ! m\nta9 *a94 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig #dc4 ,= in/ance1 9 ,fig4 #dc1 :i* gives1 rudely1 ! lead+ l9es ( ! junction ( ! ,aiguille p\rri#ff 7,*am\ni7 ) ! ,aiguilles ,r\ges1 ! read] _c1 ,i ?9k1 b feel t !re is some?+ :i* b9ds ! m\nta9s toge!r--"s common influ5ce at _! he>t :i* !y _c resi/3 & t1 h[ev] !y may be brok5 or disord]$1 !re is z true unity among !m z 9 ! sweep ( a wild wave1 gov]n$1 ?r\gh all its foam+ ridges1 by con/ant laws ( weight & motion4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dd4 #c4 ,h[ f> ?is app>5t unity is ! result ( elevatory =ce 9 m\nta91 & h[ f> ( ! sculptural =ce ( wat] ^u ! m\nta91 is ! "q we h ma9ly to deal ) 9 ! pres5t *apt]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #de4 ,b fir/ look back to ,fig4 #g1 ( ,plate #h1 ,vol4 ,,iii41 !re giv5 z ! typical repres5tation ( ! rul+ =ces ( gr[? 9 a leaf4 ,take away ! extreme portion ( ! curve on ! left1 & any segm5t ( ! leaf rema9+1 t]m9at$ by "o ( its ribs1 z a or b1 ,fig4 #dd1 w be equally a typical cont\r ( a common cre/$ m\nta94 ,if ! read] w m]ely turn ,plate #h s z to look at ! figure upright1 ) its /alk d[nw>ds1 he w see t x is also ! base ( ! honeysuckle ornam5t ( ! ,greeks4 ,i may anticipate :at we %all h to note ) respect to vegetation s f> z to tell him t x is also ! base ( =m 9 all timb] trees4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #df4 #d4 ,!re seems some?+1 !re=e1 9 ?is cont\r :i* makes its production "o ( ! pr9cipal aims ( ,nature 9 all h] compositions4 ,! cause ( ?is appe>s to be1 t z ! c9qfoil is ! simple/ expression ( proportion1 ?is is ! simple/ expression ( opposition1 9 unequal curv$ l9es4 ,if we take any l9es1 a x & e g1 ,fig4 #de1 bo? ( v>i$ curvature 7n segm5ts ( circles71 & "o %ort] ?an ! o!r1 & jo9 !m toge!r s z to =m "o l9e1 z b x1 x g1 we %all h "o ( ! common l9es ( beauty2 if we jo9 !m at an angle1 z c x1 x y1 we %all h ! common cre/1 :i* is 9 fact m]ely a jo9t$ l9e ( beauty4 ,if we jo9 !m z at a1 ,fig4 #df1 !y =m a l9e at once monoton\s & cramp$1 & ! jo9t$ condition ( ?is same l9e1 b1 is h>dly less s4 ,x is easily prov$1 !re=e1 t ! junction ( l9es c x1 x y1 is ! simple/ & mo/ graceful mode ( opposition2 & easily obs]v$ t 9 bran*es ( trees1 w+s ( birds1 & o!r m or less regul> organizations1 su* gr\ps ( l9e are cont9ually made to gov]n ! cont\rs4 ,b x is n s easily se5 :y or h[ ?is =m %\ld be impress$ ^u irregul> heaps ( m\nta94 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dg4 #e4 ,if a b$ ( coh]5t rock be rais$1 9 ! mann] describ$ 9 ,*ap4 ,,xiii41 s z to =m a brok5 precipice ) its edge1 & a long slope ) its surface1 z at a1 ,fig4 #dg 7& 9 ?is way ne>ly all hills are rais$71 ! top ( ! precipice has usually a t5d5cy to crumble d[n1 &1 9 process ( "t1 to =m a heap ( advanc$ ru9s at its foot4 ,on ! o!r side1 ! back or slope ( ! hill does n crumble d[n1 b is gradually worn away by ! /reams2 & z ^! are always m consid]able1 bo? 9 velocity & weight1 at ! bottom ( ! slope ?an ! top1 ! gr\nd is fa/] worn away at ! bottom1 & ! /raight slope is cut to a curve ( cont9ually increas+ /eepness4 ,fig4 #dg b repres5ts ! cont\r to :i* ! hill a w\ld ?us be br\ght 9 process ( "t2 ! dott$ l9e indicat+ its orig9al =m4 ,! result1 x w be se51 is a cre/4#fg ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dh4 #f4 ,b cre/s ( ?is uni=m sub/ance & cont9u\s outl9e occur only among hills compos$ ( ! s(te/ coh]5t rocks1 & seldom atta9 any elevation su* z to make !m important or impressive4 ,! notable cre/s are compos$ ( ! h>d coh]5ts or slaty cry/all9es1 & !n ! cont\r ( ! cre/s dep5ds ma9ly on ! "q :e!r 9 ! orig9al mass ( x1 ! b$s lie z at a or z at b1 ,fig4 #dh4 ,if !y lie z at a1 !n ! resultant cre/ w h ! g5]al appe>ance se5 at c2 ! edges ( ! b$s gett+ sep>at$ & s]rat$ by ! wea!r4 ,if ! b$s lie z at b1 ! resultant cre/ w be ( su* a cont\r z t at d4 ,! cre/s ( ! cont\r d are =m$ usually by ! h>d] coh]5t rocks1 & are notable *iefly = _! bold precipices 9 front1 & regul> slopes1 or sweep+ curves1 at ! back4 ,we %all exam9e !m "u ! special head ( precipices4 ,b ! cre/s ( ! =m at c belong usually to ! slaty cry/all9es1 & are ^? prop]ly call$ cre/s1 _! edges look+1 especially :5 cov]$ ) p9es1 l sep>at$ plumes4 ,^! x is our *ief bus9ess to exam9e 9 ! pres5t *apt]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #di4 #g4 ,9 ord] to obta9 ?is k9d ( cre/1 we fir/ require to h our m\nta9 b$s ?r[n up 9 ! =m a1 ,fig4 #dh4 ,?is is n easily done on a l>ge scale1 except among ! slaty cry/all9es =m+ ! flanks ( ! great *a9s1 z 9 ,fig4 #bi1 p4 #agf4 ,9 t figure x w be se5 t ! b$s =m+ ea* side ( ! *a9 ( ,mont ,blanc are ?r[n into ! requir$ /eepness1 & !re=e1 :5ev] !y are brok5 t[>ds ! c5tral m\nta91 !y naturally =m ! front ( a cre/1 :ile ! torr5ts & glaci]s fall+ ov] _! long] slopes1 c>ve !m into r\nd$ banks t[>ds ! valley4 #h4 ,b ! beauty ( a cre/ or bird's w+ consi/s1 9 nature1 n m]ely 9 its curv$ t]m9al outl9e1 b 9 ! radiation ( ! plumes1 s t :ile ea* assumes a diff]5t curve1 e curve %all %[ a c]ta9 h>mony ( direction ) all ! o!rs4 ,we %all h to ent] into ! exam9ation ( ?is subject at great] l5g? 9 ! #ag? *apt]2 mean:ile1 x is suffici5t to obs]ve ! law 9 a s+le example1 su* z ,fig4 #di1 :i* is a w+ ( "o ( ! angels 9 ,dur]'s woodcut ( ! ,fall ( ,lucif]4#fh ,at fir/ sight1 ! plumes seem dispos$ ) mu* irregul>ity1 b !re is a s5se ( p[] & motion 9 ! :ole :i* ! read] w\ld f9d 0 at once lo/ by a c>eless copyi/2 = x dep5ds on ! fact t if we take ! pr9cipal curves at any po9ts ( ! w+1 & cont9ue !m 9 ! l9es :i* !y are pursu+ at ! mom5t !y t]m9ate1 ^! cont9u$ l9es w all meet 9 a s+le po9t1 ,c4 ,x is ?is law :i* gives unity to ! w+4 ,all gr\ps ( curves set beside ea* o!r dep5d = _! beauty ^u ! obs]vance ( ?is law2#fi & if1 !re=e1 ! m\nta9 cre/s are to be p]fectly beautiful1 ,nature mu/ contrive to get ?is elem5t ( radiant curvature into !m 9 "o way or ano!r4 ,nor does x1 at fir/ sight1 appe> easy = h] to get1 ,i d n say radiant curves1 b curves at all3 = 9 ! aiguilles1 %e actually b5t _! b$s2 b 9 ^! slaty cry/all9es x seems n always conv5i5t to h] to b5d ! b$s2 & :5 !y are to rema9 /raight1 %e mu/ obta9 ! curvature 9 "s o!r way4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ej4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ea4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #eb4 #i4 ,"o way 9 :i* %e gets x is curi\sly simple 9 itself1 b some:at difficult to expla91 unless ! read] w be at ! pa9s ( mak+ a little model = himself out ( pa/e or clay4 ,hi!rto1 obs]ve1 we h spok5 ( ^! cre/s z se5 at _! sides1 z a ,greek helmet is se5 f ! side ( ! we>]4 ,by means pres5tly to be exam9$1 ^! m\nta9 cre/s are s %ap$ t1 se5 9 front1 or f beh9d 7z a helmet cre/ is se5 9 front ( or beh9d ! we>]71 !y pres5t ! cont\r ( a %>p ridge1 or h\se gable4 ,n[ if ! bread? ( ?is ridge at its base rema9s ! same1 :ile its height gradually dim9i%es f ! front ( x to ! back 7z f ! top ( ! cre/ to ! back ( ! helmet71 x necess>ily assumes ! =m ( su* a qua9t gable ro( z t %[n 9 pr(ile 9 ,fig4 #ej1 & 9 p]spective#gj 9 ,fig4 #ea1 9 :i* ! gable is /eep at ! end f>!/ (f1 b depress$ at ! end ne>e/ u2 & ! r[s ( tiles1 9 consequ5ce1 ?\gh 9 reality q /raight1 appe> to radiate z !y retire1 ow+ to _! diff]5t slopes4 ,:5 a m\nta9 cre/ is ?us =m$1 & ! concave curve ( its front is c>ri$ into its flanks1 ea* edge ( b$ assum+ ?is concave curve1 & radiat+1 l ! r[s ( tiles1 9 p]spective at ! same "t1 ! :ole cre/ is ?r[n into ! =m ,fig4 #eb1 :i* is t ( ! radiat+ plume requir$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ec4 #aj4 ,x (t5 happ5s1 h[ev]1 t ,nature does n *oose to keep ! ridge broad at ! l[] extremity1 s z to dim9i% its /eepness4 ,b :5 ?is is n s1 & ! base is n>r[$ s t ! slope ( side %all be ne>ly equal ev]y:]e1 %e almo/ always obta9s h] v>i$ curvature ( ! plume 9 ano!r way1 by m]ely turn+ ! cre/ a little r\nd z x desc5ds4 ,i w n confuse ! read] by exam9+ ! complicat$ results ( su* turn+ on ! incl9$ l9es ( ! /rata2 b he c und]/&1 9 a mom5t1 its effect on ano!r s]ies ( l9es1 ^? caus$ by rivulets ( wat] d[n ! sides ( ! cre/4 ,^! l9es are1 ( c\rse1 always1 9 g5]al t5d5cy1 p]p5dicul>4 ,let a1 ,fig4 #ec1 be a circul> funnel1 pa9t$ inside ) a patt]n ( v]tical l9es meet+ at ! bottom4 ,suppose ^! l9es to repres5t ! rav9es trac$ by ! wat]4 ,cut (f a portion ( ! lip ( ! funnel1 z at b1 to repres5t ! cre/ side4 ,cut ! edge s z to slope d[n t[>ds y1 & add a slope on ! o!r side4 ,!n give ea* inn] l9e ! concave sweep1 & y h y\r ridge c1 ( ! requir$ =m1 ) radiant curvature4 #aa4 ,a great] space ( su* a cre/ is always se5 on its concave ?an on its convex side 7! outside ( ! funnel72 ( ?is o!r p]spective ,i %all h to speak h]eaft]2 meantime1 we _h bett] cont9ue ! exam9ation ( ! prop] cre/1 ! c ( ,fig4 #dh1 9 "s special in/ance4 ,! =m is obta9$ usually 9 ! greate/ p]fection among ! high ridges ne> ! c5tral *a91 :]e ! b$s ( ! slaty cry/all9es are /eep & h>d4 ,p]haps ! mo/ int]e/+ example ,i c *oose = close exam9ation w be t ( a m\nta9 9 ,*am\ni1 call$ ! ,aiguille ,b\*>d1 n[ famili> to ! eye ( e travell]1 be+ ! ridge :i* rises1 exactly opposite ! ,montanv]t1 beyond ! ,m] de ,glace4 ,! /ructure ( ?is cre/ is be/ se5 f ne> ! foot ( ! ,montanv]t1 on ! road to ! s\rce ( ! ,arveiron1 :5ce ! top ( x1 a1 pres5ts itself "u ! outl9e giv5 rudely 9 ! opposite plate 7#cc71 9 :i* x w be se5 t1 :ile ! ma9 en]gy ( ! m\nta9 mass tosses itself aga9/ ! c5tral *a9 ( ,mont ,blanc 7:i* is on ! "r h&71 x is met by a gr\p ( c\nt]-cre/s1 l ! recoil ( a brok5 wave ca/ aga9/ x f ! o!r side2 & yet1 z ! recoil+ wat] has a sympa?y ) ! "u swell ( ! v wave aga9/ :i* x cla%es1 ! :ole mass wri!s toge!r 9 /range unity ( m\nta9 passion2 s t x is almo/ impossible to p]suade oneself1 aft] long look+ at x1 t ! cre/s h n inde$ be5 once fus$ & toss$ into ! air by a tempe/ :i* _h ma/]y ov] !m1 z ! w9ds h ov] ocean4 #ab4 ,& yet1 if we exam9e ! cre/ /ructure closely1 we %all f9d t ne>ly all ^! curvatures are obta9$ by ,nature's skilful h&l+ ( p]fectly /raight b$s1--only ! meet+ ( ^? two waves ( cre/ is inde$ indicative ( ! meet+ ( two masses ( diff]5t rocks2 x m>ks t junction ( ! slaty ) ! compact cry/all9es1 :i* has be=e be5 notic$ z ! pr9cipal my/]y ( rock /ructure4 ,to ?is junction my att5tion 0 *iefly direct$ dur+ my /ay at ,*am\ni1 z ,i f\nd x 0 always at t po9t t ,nature produc$ ! lovelie/ m\nta9 =ms4 ,p]haps ! "t ,i gave to ! /udy ( x may h exagg]at$ its int]e/ 9 my eyes2 & ! read] :o does n c>e = ^! geological que/ions1 except 9 _! direct be>+ ^u art1 may1 )\t mu* h>m1 miss ! next sev5 p>agraphs1 & g on at ! tw5ty-fir/4 ,yet !re is "o po9t1 9 a ,turn] draw+ pres5tly to be exam9$1 :i* ,i _c expla9 )\t inflict+ ! t$i\sness ev5 ( ^! sev5 ^u him4 ,illu/ration3 ,j4 ,rusk94 ,r4 ,p4 ,cuff4 #cc4 ,lead+ ,cont\rs ( ,aiguille ,b\*>d4 #ac4 ,fir/1 !n1 ! "r ( ! ,aiguille ,b\*>d to be call$ a cre/ at all dep5ds1 n on ! slope f a to b1 ,plate #cc1 b on t f a to h4 ,! slope f a to b is a p]spective deception2 b is mu* ! highe/ po9t ( ! two4 ,se5 f ! village ( ,*am\ni1 ! range pres5ts itself "u ! outl9e ,fig4 #ed1 ! same po9ts 9 ea* figure be+ indicat$ by ! same lett]s4 ,f ! end ( ! valley ! supremacy ( ! mass b c is /ill m notable4 ,x is altoge!r ) m\nta9s z ) human spirits1 y nev] "k :i* is greate/ till !y are f> away4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ed4 #ad4 ,x w be obs]v$ also1 t ! beauty ( ! cre/1 9 bo? ,plate #cc & ,fig4 #ed1 dep5ds on ! gradually increas+ /eepness ( ! l9es ( slope betwe5 a & b4 ,?is is 9 great "p deceptive1 be+ obta9$ by ! rec$+ ( ! cre/ into a great m\nta9 crat]1 or bas91 z expla9$ 9 #aa4 ,b ?is v recession is a matt] ( int]e/1 = x takes place exactly on ! l9e above spok5 (1 :]e ! slaty cry/all9es ( ! cre/ jo9 ! compact cry/all9es ( ! aiguilles2 at :i* junction a correspond5t *asm or recession1 ( "s k9d or ano!r1 takes place along ! :ole front ( ,mont ,blanc4 #ae4 ,9 ! ?ird p>agraph ( ! la/ *apt] we _h occasion to ref] to ! junction ( ! slaty & compact cry/all9es at ! roots ( ! aiguilles4 ,x w be se5 9 ! figure !re giv51 t ?is *ange is n sudd51 b gradat$4 ,! rocks to be jo9$ are ( ! two types repres5t$ 9 ,fig4 #c1 p4 #ajf 7= conv5i5ce' sake ,i %all 9 ! re/ ( ?is *apt] call ! slaty rock gneiss1 & ! compact rock protog9e1 its usual ,fr5* "n74 ,fig4 #ee %[s ! g5]al mann] ( junction1 b$s ( gneiss occurr+ 9 ! middle ( ! protog9e1 & ( protog9e 9 ! gneiss2 sometimes "o t\*+ ! o!r s closely1 t a hamm]-/roke breaks (f a piece ( bo?2 sometimes "o pass+ into ! o!r by a gradual *ange1 l ! zones ( a ra9b[2 ! only g5]al ph5om5on be+ ?is1 t ! high] up ! hill ! gneiss is1 ! h>d] x is 7s t :ile x (t5 yields to ! pressure ( ! f+] d[n 9 ! valley1 on ! ,montanv]t x is ne>ly z h>d z protog9e72 &1 on ! o!r h&1 ! l[] d[n ! hill1 or ! ne>] ! gneiss1 ! protog9e is1 ! f9] x is 9 gra94 ,b /ill ! actual transition f "o to ! o!r is usually )9 a few fa?oms2 & x is t transition1 & ! prep>ation = x1 :i* causes ! great /ep1 or jag1 on ! flank ( ! *a91 & =ms ! tops ( ! ,aiguille ,b\*>d1 ,*>moz ridges1 ,tapia1 ,montagne de la ,cte1 ,montagne de ,taconay1 & ,aiguille du ,g\t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ee4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ef4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #eg4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #eh4 #af4 ,b :at mo/ puzzl$ me 0 ! int5se /raightness ( ! l9es ( ! gneiss b$s1 dipp+1 z x seem$1 "u ! ,mont ,blanc4 ,= x has be5 a *ief !ory ) geologi/s t ^! c5tral protog9e rocks h once be5 9 fusion1 & h ris5 up 9 molt5 fury1 ov]turn+ & alt]+ all ! rocks ar\nd4 ,b e day1 z ,i look$ at ! cre/$ flanks ( ! ,mont ,blanc1 ,i saw m pla9ly ! exquisite regul>ity ( ! slopes ( ! b$s1 rul$1 x seem$1 ) an ar*itect's rule1 along ! edge ( _! e flake f ! summits to ! valley4 ,& ?is surpris$ me ! m because ,i _h always he>d x /at$ t ! b$s ( ! lat]al cre/s1 a & b1 ,fig4 #ef1 v>i$ 9 slope1 gett+ less & less incl9$ z !y desc5d$1 s z to arrange !mselves some:at 9 ! =m ( a fan4 ,x may be s2 b ,i c only say t all my obs]vations & draw+s give an opposite report1 & t ! b$s seem$ inv>iably to pres5t !mselves to ! eye & ! p5cil 9 p>allelism1 modifi$ only by ! ph5om5a j expla9$ 7 #i1 #aj74 ,?us ! entire mass ( ! ,aiguille ,b\*>d1 ( :i* only ! top is repres5t$ 9 ,plate #cc1 appe>$ to me 9 pr(ile1 z 9 ,fig4 #eg1 dep5d5t = all its effect & "* on ! desc5t ( ! b$s 9 ! directions ( ! dott$ l9es1 a1 b1 d4 ,! int]rupt+ space1 g g1 is ! ,glaci] des ,bois2 ,m is ! ,montanv]t2 c1 c1 ! rocks "u ! glaci]1 mu* worn by ! fall ( avalan*es1 b1 = all t1 %[+ ! /eep l9es /ill ) ! greate/ di/9ctness4 ,aga91 look+ d[n ! valley in/ead ( up1 s z to put ! ,mont ,blanc on ! left h&1 ! pr9cipal cre/s :i* support x1 ,taconay & ,la ,cte1 always appe>$ to me con/ruct$ z 9 ,plate #ce 7p4 #bab71 !y also dep5d+ = all _! effect on ! desc5t ( ! b$s 9 diagonal l9es t[>ds ! left4 ,nay1 half-way up ! ,brev51 :5ce ! /ructure ( ! ,mont ,blanc is comm&$1 z f> z ^! l[] buttresses are conc]n$1 bett] ?an f ! top ( ! ,brev51 ,i drew c>efully ! cleavages ( ! b$s1 z high z ! edge ( ! ,aiguille de ,g\t1 & f\nd !m exquisitely p>allel ?r\gh\t2 & aga9 on ! ,cormayeur side1 ?\gh less /eep1 ! b$s a1 b1 ,fig4 #eh1 trav]s+ ! v]tical irregul> fissures ( ! great aiguille ( ! ,alle ,blan*e1 z se5 ov] ! ,lac de ,combal1 /ill appe>$ to me p]fectly regul> & p>allel4#ga ,i h n _h "t to trace !m r\nd1 ?r\gh ! ,aiguille de ,bionassay1 & above ! ,col de ,bonhomme1 ?\gh ,i "k ! relations ( ! b$s ( lime/one to ! gneiss on ! latt] col are mo/ notable & int]e/+4 ,b1 z f> z 0 requir$ = any arti/ical purposes1 ,i p]fectly asc]ta9$ ! fact t1 :atev] _! real /ructure might be1 ^! b$s did appe>1 ?r\gh ! s(t] cont\rs ( ! hill1 z /raight & p>allel2 t !y cont9u$ to appe> s until ne> ! tops ( ! cre/s2 & t ^? tops seem$1 9 "s my/]i\s way1 dep5d5t on ! junction ( ! gneissitic b$s )1 or _! transition into1 ! h>d] protog9e ( ! aiguilles4 ,look back to ,plate #cc4 ,! peak ( ! ,b\*>d1 a1 is ( gneiss1 & its b$s run d[n 9 l9es orig9ally /raight1 b m or less holl[$ by wea!r+1 to ! po9t h1 :]e !y plunge "u dbris4 ,b ! po9t b is1 ,i believe1 ( protog9e2 & all ! oppos$ wri?+ ( ! waves ( rock to ! "r appe>s to be 9 consequ5ce ( ! junction4 ,illu/ration3 #cd4 ,cleavages ( ,aiguille ,b\*>d4 #ag4 ,! way 9 :i* ^! curves are produc$ _c1 h[ev]1 be guess$ at until we exam9e ! junction m closely4 ,asc5d+ ab\t five hundr$ feet above ! cab9 ( ! ,montanv]t1 ! opposite cre/ ( ! ,b\*>d1 f a to c1 ,plate #cc1 is se5 m 9 front1 exp&$ into ! jagg$ l9e1 a to c1 ,plate #cd1 & ! b$s1 ) _! fractures1 are n[ se5 cle>ly ?r\gh\t ! mass1 namely3 #a/4 7,see ref]5ces on plate74 ,! true gneiss b$s dipp+ d[n 9 ! direction ,g ,h1 ! po9t ,h be+ ! same z h 9 ,plate #cc4 ,^! are ! b$s s notable = _! accurate /raightness & p>allelism4 #bnd4 ,! smoo? fractures :i* 9 ! middle ( ! et*+ seem to divide ! column ( rock into a k9d ( brickwork4 ,!y are v neat & %>p1 runn+ ne>ly at "r angles ) ! true b$s4#gb #crd4 ,! curv$ fractures ( ! aiguilles 7se5 fir/ "u ! lett] b1 & seem+ to pu% outw>ds aga9/ ! gneiss b$s#gc7 cont9u+ ?r\gh c & ! spur bel[4 #d?4 ,an irregul> cleavage1 some?+ l t ( />*1 %[+ itself 9 brok5 v]tical l9es4 #e?4 ,wri?+ l9es1 cut by wat]4 ,^! h ! greate/ possible influ5ce on ! aspect ( ! precipice3 !y are n m]ely caus$ by torr5ts1 b by falls ( w9t] sn[1 & /ones f ! glaci] mora9es1 s t ! cliff be+ cont9ually worn away at ! foot ( x1 is wr\ght into a great amphi!atre1 ( :i* ! rec$+ sweep cont9ually v>ies ! app>5t /eepness ( ! cre/1 z already expla9$4 ,i believe 9 anci5t times ! great ,glaci] des ,bois itself us$ to fill ?is amphi!atre1 & break "r up aga9/ ! base ( ! ,b\*>d4 #f?4 ,curvatures worn by wat] ov] ! back ( ! cre/ t[>ds ! valley1 9 ! direction g i4 #g?4 ,a t5d5cy 7:i* ,i d n und]/&7 to =m horizontal masses at ! levels k & l4#gd ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fa4 #ah4 ,! read] may imag9e :at /range h>monies & *anges ( l9e mu/ result ?r\gh\t ! mass ( ! m\nta9 f ! v>i$ preval5ce ( "o or o!r ( ^! secret incl9ations ( its rocks 7modifi$1 also1 z !y are by p]petual deceptions ( p]spective71 & h[ completely ! rigidity or p>allelism ( any "o ( !m is conqu]$ by ! fitful urg5cies ( ! re/1--a sev5fold action seem+ to run ?r\gh e atom ( crag4 ,= ! sake ( cle>ness1 ,i h %[n 9 ?is plate m]ely lead+ l9es2 ! next 7,plate #ce1 opposite7 w give "s idea ( ! complete aspect ( two ( ! pr9cipal cre/s on ! ,mont ,blanc flanks1 kn[n z ! ,montagne de la ,cte1 & ,montagne de ,taconay1 c & t 9 ,fig4 #bb1 at page #afc4 ,9 :i* note1 fir/1 t ! em95ces m>k$ a a1 b b1 c c1 "h1 9 ! ref]5ce figure 7#fa71 are 9 ea* ( ! m\nta9s correspond5t1 & indicate c]ta9 *anges 9 ! conditions ( _! b$s at ^? po9ts4 ,i h no d\bt ! two m\nta9s 7 once "o mass1 & t !y h be5 sawn asund] by ! great glaci] ( ,taconay1 :i* desc5ds betwe5 !m2 & simil>ly ! ,montagne de la ,cte sawn f ! ,tapia by ! glaci] des ,bossons1 ,b ,b 9 ref]5ce figure4 ,illu/ration3 #ce4 ,cre/s ( ,la ,cte & ,taconay4 ,illu/ration3 #cf4 ,cre/ ( ,la ,cte4 #ai4 ,note1 secondly1 ! g5]al t5d5cy 9 ea* m\nta9 to ?r[ itself into concave curves t[>ds ! ,mont ,blanc1 & desc5d 9 r\nd$ slopes to ! valley2 m or less int]rupt$ by ! direct manife/ation ( ! /raight b$s1 :i* are inde$1 9 ?is view ( ,taconay1 ! pr9cipal features ( x4 ,!y necess>ily become1 h[ev]1 m prom95t 9 ! outl9e et*+ ?an 9 ! sc5e itself1 because 9 reality ! delicate cleavages are lo/ 9 di/ance or 9 mi/1 & ! effects ( light br+ out ! r\nd$ =ms ( ! l>g] masses2 & :]ev] ! cl\ds fill ! holl[s betwe51 z !y are apt to d1 7! glaci]s caus+ a *illness 9 ! rav9es1 :ile ! w9d1 bl[+ up ! l>g] valleys1 cle>s ! edges ( ! cre/s17 ! summits %[ !mselves z 9 ,plate #cf1 divid+1 ) _! d>k frontlets1 ! p]petual sweep ( ! glaci]s & ! cl\ds4#ge #bj4 ,( ! aque\s curvatures ( ?is cre/1 we %all h m to say pres5tly2 meantime let u especially obs]ve h[ ! provid5tial laws ( beauty1 act+ ) rev]s$ data1 arrive at simil> results 9 ! aiguilles & cre/s4 ,9 ! aiguilles1 :i* are ( su* h>d rock t ! fall ( sn[ & trickl+ ( /reams d n affect !m1 ! inn] /ructure is s dispos$ z to br+ out ! curvatures by ! m]e fracture4 ,9 ! cre/s & l[] hills1 :i* are ( s(t] rock1 & l>gely influ5c$ by ext]nal viol5ce1 ! inn] /ructure is /raight1 & ! necess>y curvatures are produc$ by p]spective1 by ext]nal modulation1 & by ! balanc+ ( adv]se influ5ces ( cleavage4 ,b1 z ! accuracy ( an arti/'s eye is usually %[n by 8 p]ceiv+ ! inn] anatomy :i* regulates gr[? & =m1 & z 9 ! aiguilles1 :ile we wat* !m1 we are cont9ually discov]+ new curves1 s 9 ! cre/s1 :ile we wat* !m1 we are cont9ually discov]+ new /raightnesses2 & no?+ m di/+ui%es good m\nta9-draw+1 or m\nta9-see+1 f c>eless & ineffici5t m\nta9-draw+1 ?an ! obs]vance ( ! m>vell\s p>allelisms :i* exi/ among ! b$s ( ! cre/s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fb4 #ba4 ,x inde$ happ5s1 n unfrequ5tly1 t 9 hills compos$ ( some:at s(t rock1 ! aque\s cont\rs w s prevail ov] ! /raight cleavage z to leave no?+ manife/ at ! fir/ glance b sweep+ l9es l ^? ( waves4 ,fig4 #dc1 p4 #aif1 is ! cre/ ( a m\nta9 on ! nor? ( ! valley ( ,*am\ni1 kn[n1 f ! rapid decay & fall ( its crags1 z ! ,aiguille ,p\rri2 & at fir/ !re inde$ seems little di/9ction betwe5 its cont\rs & ^? ( ! summit ( a sea wave4 ,yet ,i ?9k also1 if x 7 a wave1 we %\ld imm$iately suppose ! tide 0 runn+ t[>ds ! "r h&2 & if we exam9$ ! reason = ?is supposition1 we %\ld p]ceive t along ! ridge ! /eepe/ falls ( crag 7 always on ! "r-h& side2 indicat+ a t5d5cy 9 !m to break r 9 ! direction ( ! l9e a b ?an any o!r4 ,if we g half-way d[n ! ,montanv]t1 & exam9e ! left side ( ! cre/ some:at m closely1 we %all f9d ?is t5d5cy /ill m def9itely visible1 z 9 ,fig4 #fb4 #bb4 ,b :at1 !n1 has giv5 rise to all ^? coil$ plung+s ( ! cre/ hi!r & ?i!r1 yet ) su* /range unity ( motion8 ,yes4 ,!re is ! cl\d4 ,h[ ! top ( ! hill 0 fir/ %ap$ s z to let ! curr5ts ( wat] act ^u x 9 s v>i$ a way we "k n1 b ,i ?9k t ! appe>ance ( int]ior =ce ( elevation is = ! mo/ "p deceptive4 ,! s]ies ( b$s w\ld be f\nd1 if exam9$ 9 section1 v uni=m 9 _! arrangem5t1 only a little h>d] 9 "o place1 & m delicate 9 ano!r4 ,a /ream receives a slight impulse ?is way or t1 at ! top ( ! hill1 b increases 9 en]gy & sweep z x desc5ds1 ga!r+ into itself o!rs f its sides1 & unit+ _! p[] ) its own4 ,a s+le knot ( qu>tz occurr+ 9 a flake ( slate at ! cre/ ( ! ridge may alt] ! entire de/9ies ( ! m\nta9 =m4 ,x may turn ! little rivulet ( wat] to ! "r or left1 & t little turn w be to ! future direction ( ! ga!r+ /ream :at ! t\* ( a f+] on ! b>rel ( a rifle w\ld be to ! direction ( ! bullet4 ,ea* succe$+ ye> increases ! importance ( e det]m9$ =m1 & arranges 9 masses yet m & m h>moni\s1 ! promontories %ap$ by ! sweep+ ( ! et]nal wat]falls4 #bc4 ,! importance ( ! results ?us obta9$ by ! slighte/ *ange ( direction 9 ! infant /reamlets1 furni%es an int]e/+ type ( ! =mation ( human *>act]s by habit4 ,e "o ( ^? notable rav9es & crags is ! expression1 n ( any sudd5 viol5ce done to ! m\nta91 b ( its little habits1 p]si/$ 9 cont9ually4 ,x 0 creat$ ) "o rul+ in/9ct2 b its de/9y dep5d$ nev]!less1 = effective result1 on ! direction ( ! small & all b invisible trickl+s ( wat]1 9 :i* ! fir/ %[] ( ra9 f\nd its way d[n its sides4 ,! feeble/1 mo/ ins5sible ooz+s ( ! drops ( dew among its du/ 7 9 reality arbit]s ( its et]nal =m2 commission$1 ) a t\* m t5d] ?an t ( a *ild's f+]1--z sil5t & slight z ! fall ( a half-*eck$ te> on a maid5's *eek1--to fix = ev] ! =ms ( peak & precipice1 & hew ^? leagues ( lift$ granite into ! %apes t 7 to divide ! e>? & its k+doms4 ,once ! little /one evad$1--once ! dim furr[ trac$1--& ! peak 0 = ev] inve/$ ) its maje/y1 ! rav9e = ev] doom$ to its degradation4 ,!nce=w>d1 day by day1 ! subtle habit ga9$ 9 p[]2 ! evad$ /one 0 left ) wid] basem5t2 ! *os5 furr[ deep5$ ) swift]-slid+ wave2 rep5tance & arre/ 7 alike impossible1 & h\r aft] h\r saw writt5 9 l>g] & rocki] *>act]s ^u ! sky1 ! hi/ory ( ! *oice t _h be5 direct$ by a drop ( ra91 & ( ! balance t _h be5 turn$ by a gra9 ( s&4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fc4 #bd4 ,su* are ! pr9cipal laws1 relat+ to ! cre/$ m\nta9s1 = ! expression ( :i* we are to look to art2 & we %all accord+ly f9d good & intellig5t m\nta9-draw+ di/+ui%$ f bad m\nta9-draw+1 by an indication1 fir/1 ( ! arti/'s recognition ( "s great h>mony among ! summits1 & ( _! t5d5cy to ?r[ !mselves into tidal waves1 closely resembl+ ^? ( ! sea itself2 sometimes 9 free toss+ t[>ds ! sky1 b m frequ5tly /ill 9 ! =m ( break]s1 concave & /eep on "o side1 convex & less /eep on ! o!r2 secondly1 by 8 indication ( /raight b$s or fractures1 cont9ually /iff5+ !mselves ?r\gh ! curves 9 "s giv5 direction4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fd4 #be4 ,fig4 #fc is a facsimile ( a piece ( ! backgr\nd 9 ,alb]t ,dur]'s woodcut ( ! b9d+ ( ! great ,dragon 9 ! ,apocalypse4 ,x is "o ( 8 mo/ c>eless & rude/ pieces ( draw+2 yet1 obs]ve 9 x h[ notably ! impulse ( ! break+ wave is indicat$2 & note f>!r1 h[ diff]5t a ?+ good draw+ may be f delicate draw+ on ! "o h&1 & h[ diff]5t x mu/ be f ignorant draw+ on ! o!r4 ,woodcutt+1 9 ,dur]'s days1 _h rea*$ no delicacy capable ( express+ subtle detail or a]ial p]spective4 ,b all ! subtlety & a]ial p]spective ( mod]n days are useless1 & ev5 b>b>\s1 if !y fail 9 ! expression ( ! ess5tial m\nta9 facts4 #bf4 ,x w be notic$1 h[ev]1 t 9 ?is example ( ,dur]'s1 ! recognition ( /raightness ( l9e does n exi/1 & t = ?is reason ! hills look s(t & e>?y1 n rocky4 ,s1 also1 9 ! next example1 ,fig4 #fd1 ! cre/ 9 ! middle di/ance is exce$+ly f9e 9 its expression ( m\nta9 =ce2 ! two ridges ( x be+ ?r[n up l ! two edges ( a return wave t has j be5 beat5 back f a rock4 ,x is /ill1 h[ev]1 some:at want+ 9 ! expression ( /raightness1 & !re=e slightly unnatural4 ,x 0 n p's way 9 ! ,middle ,ages to look at m\nta9s c>efully en\gh to discov] ! mo/ subtle elem5ts ( _! /ructure4 ,yet 9 ! next example1 ,fig4 #fe1 ! p>allelism & rigidity are def9itely indicat$1 ! cre/ outl9e be+1 h[ev]1 less def9ite4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fe4 ,note1 also 79 pass+71 ! entire equality ( ! l9es 9 all ^! examples1 :e!r turn$ to d>k or light4 ,all good outl9e draw+1 z notic$ 9 ! *apt] on f9i%1 agrees 9 ?is "*4 #bg4 ,! next figure 7#ff7 is int]e/+ because x furni%es "o ( ! few in/ances 9 :i* ,titian def9itely took a sugge/ion f ! ,alps1 z he saw !m f 8 h\se at ,v5ice4 ,x is f an old pr9t ( a %eph]d ) a flock ( %eep by ! sea-side1 9 :i* he has introduc$ a sea di/ance1 ) ! ,v5etian *ur* ( ,/4 ,hel5a1 "s subord9ate build+s resembl+ ^? ( ,murano1 & ?is piece ( cl\d & m\nta94 ,! peak repres5t$ is "o ( ! great] ,tyrolese ,alps1 :i* %[s itself f ,v5ice beh9d an op5+ 9 ! *a91 & is _! culm9at+ po9t4 ,9 reality ! mass is ( ! %ape giv5 9 ,fig4 #fg4 ,titian has modifi$ x into an en]getic cre/1 %[+ 8 feel+ = ! =m1 b ,i h no d\bt t ! woodcut rev]ses ,titian's orig9al "w 7:atev] x 071 & t he gave ! cre/ ! true incl9ation to ! "r1 or ea/1 :i* x has 9 nature4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ff4 #bh4 ,n[1 x n unfrequ5tly happ5s t 9 ,claude's di/ances he introduces actual outl9es ( ,capri1 ,is*ia1 ,monte ,/4 ,angelo1 ! ,alban ,m\nt1 & o!r *a9s ab\t ,rome & ,naples1 m or less fai?fully copi$ f nature4 ,:5 he does s1 conf9+ himself to m]e outl9e1 ! grey cont\rs se5 aga9/ ! di/ance are (t5 satisfactory en\gh2 b z soon z he br+s "o ( !m ne>]1 s z to require any draw+ )9 its mass1 x is q curi\s to see ! /ate ( p>alysis into :i* he is ?r[n = want ( any p]ception ( ! m\nta9 anatomy4 ,fig4 #fh is "o ( ! l>ge/ hills ,i c f9d 9 ! ,lib] ,v]itatis 7,no4 #hf71 & x w be se5 t !re are only a few l9es ins]t$ t[>ds ! edges1 drawn 9 ! direction ( ! sides ( ! heap1 or cone1 :olly )\t consci\sness ( any int]ior /ructure4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fg4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fh4 #bi4 ,i put bel[ x1 outl9$ also 9 ! rude/ way 7= z ,i take ! %ade away f ! ,lib] ,v]itatis1 ,i am b\nd also to take x away f ,turn]71 ,fig4 #fi1 a bit ( ! crags 9 ! draw+ ( ,lo* ,corisk91 p>tly describ$ already 9 #e ( ! *apt] on ! ,inf]ior ,m\nta9s 9 ,vol4 ,i4 ,! cre/ =m is1 inde$1 "h accid5tally prom95t1 & develop$ to a degree r>e ev5 ) ,turn]2 b note1 besides ?is1 ! way 9 :i* ,turn] leans on ! c5tre & body ( ! hill1 n on its edge2 m>k+ its /rata /one by /one1 j z a good figure pa9t]1 draw+ a limb1 m>ks ! fall & rise ( ! jo9t1 lett+ ! outl9e s9k back s(t5$2 & comp>e ! exactly opposite me?od ( ,claude1 hold+ = life to 8 outl9e1 z a ,greek navigator holds to ! %ore4#gf ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fi4 #cj4 ,le/1 h[ev]1 x %\ld be ?\ght t ,i h unfairly *os5 my examples1 let me take an in/ance at once less s+ul> & m elaborate4 ,we saw 9 our acc\nt ( ,turn]ian topography1 ,*ap4 ,,ii41 #ad1 t x _h be5 necess>y = ! pa9t]1 9 8 modification ( ! view 9 ! rav9e ( ,fad1 to introduce a passage f among ! high] peaks2 :i*1 be+ ?us int5d$ expressly to convey ! g5]al impression ( _! "*1 mu/ suffici5tly illu/rate :at ,turn] felt t "* to be4 ,obs]ve3 x c\ld n be tak5 f ! great c5tral aiguilles1 = none su* exi/ at all ne> ,fad2 x c\ld only be an expression ( :at ,turn] consid]$ ! noble/ attributes ( ! hills next to ^! 9 elevation1--t is to say1 ^? :i* we are n[ exam9+4 ,i h et*$ ! portion ( ! picture :i* includes ?is passage1 on page #bba1 on its own scale1 includ+ ! :ole c\loir above ! gall]y1 & ! gall]y itself1 ) ! rocks beside x4#gg ,& n[1 if ! read] w look back to ,plate #bj1 :i* is ! outl9e ( ! real sc5e1 he w h a p]fect example1 9 comp>+ ! two1 ( ! op]ation ( inv5tion ( ! highe/ ord] on a giv5 subject4 ,i %\ld recomm5d him to put a piece ( trac+ pap] ov] ! et*+1 ,plate #cg1 & ) 8 p5 to foll[ "s ( ! l9es ( x z c>efully z he c1 until he feels _! complexity1 & ! r$undance ( ! imag9ative p[] :i* amplifi$ ! simple !me1 furni%$ by ! natural sc5e1 ) su* detail2 & !n let him obs]ve :at great m\nta9 laws ,turn] has be5 /riv+ to express 9 all ^! additions4 #ca4 ,! cleavages :i* gov]n ! :ole are precisely ! same z ^? ( ! ,aiguille ,b\*>d1 only wr\ght into gr&] comb9ations4 ,t ! read] may ! bett] di/+ui% !m1 ,i give ! lead+ l9es co>sely = ref]5ce 9 ,fig4 #gj1 opposite4 ,! cleavages & l9es ( =ce are ! foll[+4 ,illu/ration3 ,j4 ,m4 ,w4 ,turn]4 ,j4 ,rusk94 #cg4 ,cre/s ( ! ,slaty ,cry/all9es4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gj4 #a4 ,a ,b & associat$ l9es a b1 a b1 c41 ov] ! :ole plate4 ,true b$s or cleavage b$s 7g h 9 ,aiguille ,b\*>d1 ,plate #cd72 "h1 obs]ve1 clos+ 9 retir+ p]spective ) exquisite subtlety1 & giv+ ! great unity ( radiation to ! :ole mass4 #b4 ,d ,e & associat$ l9es d e1 d e1 ov] all ! plate4 ,cross cleavage1 ! second 9 ,aiguille ,b\*>d2 /raight & %>p4 ,=m+ "h ! s]ies ( cre/s at ,b & ,d4 #c4 r s1 r s4 ,c\nt]-cre/s1 closely correspond+ to c\nt]-fracture1 ! ?ird 9 ,aiguille ,b\*>d4 #d4 m n1 m n1 c41 ov] ! :ole4 ,wri?+ aque\s l9es fall+ gradually into ! cleavages4 ,fif? gr\p 9 ,aiguille ,b\*>d4 ,! />*y cleavage is n se5 "h1 x be+ n g5]ally *>act]i/ic ( ! cre/s1 & pres5t 9 ! ,b\*>d only accid5tally4 #e4 x x x4 ,s9u\s l9es worn by ! wat]1 indicative ( "s s(tness or flaws 9 ! rock2 ^! probably ! occasion or consequ5ce ( ! =mation ( ! great precipice or br[ on ! "r4 ,we %all h m to say ( !m 9 ,*ap4 ,,xvii4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ga4 #f4 g f1 g f1 c4 ,broad aque\s or glacial curvatures4 ,! six? gr\p 9 ,aiguille ,b\*>d4 #g4 k l1 k l4 ,concave curves wr\ght by ! desc5d+ avalan*e2 peculi>1 ( c\rse1 to ?is spot4 #h4 i h1 i h4 ,second>y convex curves1 glacial or aque\s1 correspond+ to g f1 b wr\ght into ! m9or second>y rav9e4 ,?is second>y rav9e is associat$ ) ! oppon5t aiguillesque masses r s2 & ! cause ( ! break or gap betwe5 ^! & ! cre/s ,b ,d is indicat$ by ! elb[ or jo9t ( ne>] rock1 ,m1 :]e ! di/ortion ( ! b$s or *ange 9 _! nature fir/ takes place4 ,turn]'s idea ( ! /ructure ( ! :ole mass has evid5tly be5 t 9 section x 0 z 9 ,fig4 #ga1 snapp$ asund] by elevation1 ) a nucleus at ,m1 :i*1 all[+ = p]spective1 is precisely on ! l9e ( ! *asm runn+ 9 ! direction ( ! arr[2 b he gives m ( ! curv$ aiguillesque fracture to ^! upp] cre/s1 :i* are great] 9 elevation 7& we saw1 sometime ago1 t ! high] ! rock ! h>d]74 ,& t nucleus ( *ange at ,m1 ! h+e1 z x 71 on :i* all ^! promontories ( upp] cre/ revolve1 is ! fir/ or ne>e/ ( ! evad$ /ones1 :i* h det]m9$ ! c\rse ( /reams & nod ( cliffs ?r\gh\t ! *a94 #cb4 ,i c well believe t ! read] w d\bt ! possibility ( all ?is be+ int5d$ by ,turn]3 & int5d$1 9 ! ord9>y s5se1 x 0 n4 ,x 0 simply se5 & in/9ctively pa9t$1 accord+ to ! comm& ( ! imag9ative dream1 z ! true ,griff9 01 & z all noble ?+s are4 ,b if ! read] fancies t ! app>5t tru? came by m]e *ance1 or t ,i am imag9+ purpose & arrangem5t :]e !y d n exi/1 let him be once = all assur$ t no man goes ?r\gh ! k9d ( "w :i*1 by ?is "t1 he mu/ be beg9n+ to p]ceive ,i h gone ?r\gh1 ei!r = ! sake ( deceiv+ o!rs1 or ) any great likelihood ( deceiv+ himself4 ,he :o desires to deceive ! picture-pur*as+ public may d s *eaply2 & x is easy to br+ almo/ any k9d ( art into notice )\t climb+ ,alps or measur+ cleavages4 ,b any "o1 on ! o!r h&1 :o desires to asc]ta9 facts1 & w ref] all art directly to nature = _m labori\s ye>s1 w n at la/ f9d himself an easy prey to gr\ndless en?usiasms1 or errone\s fancies4 ,fooli% p are fond ( repeat+ a /ory :i* has gone ! full r\nd ( ! arti/ical _w1--t ,turn]1 "s day1 some:]e1 said to somebody 7"t1 place1 or p]son nev] be+ asc]ta9able71 t ,i discov]$ 9 8 pictures ?+s :i* he did himself n "k 7 !re4 ,turn] 0 n a p]son apt to say ?+s ( ?is k9d2 be+ g5]ally1 respect+ all ! movem5ts ( 8 own m9d1 z sil5t z a granite cre/2 & if he ev] did say x1 0 probably laugh+ at ! p]son to :om he 0 speak+4 ,b he might h said x 9 ! mo/ p]fect s9c]ity2 nay1 ,i am q sure t1 to a c]ta9 ext5t1 ! case really 0 z he is report$ to h decl>$1 & t he nei!r 0 aw>e ( ! value ( ! tru?s he _h seiz$ nor und]/ood ! nature ( ! in/9ct t comb9$ !m4 ,& yet ! tru? 0 assur$ly appreh5d$1 & ! in/9ct assur$ly pres5t & imp]ative2 & any arti/s :o try to imitate ! smalle/ portion ( 8 "w w f9d t no happy *ances w1 = !m1 ga!r toge!r ! resemblances ( fact1 nor1 = !m1 mimic ! maje/y ( inv5tion4#gh #cc4 ,no happy *ance--nay1 no happy ?\ght--no p]fect k--w ev] take ! place ( t mighty unconsci\sness4 ,i h (t5 _h to repeat t ,turn]1 9 ! ord9>y s5se ( ! words1 nei!r knew nor ?\ght s mu* z o!r m54 ,:5ev] 8 p]ception fail$--t is to say1 ) respect to sci5tific tru?s :i* produce no results palpable to ! eye--he fell into ! franke/ errors4 ,= in/ance1 9 su* a ?+ z ! relation ( position betwe5 a ra9b[ & ! sun1 !re is n any def9itely visible connection betwe5 !m2 x ne$s att5tion & calculation to discov] t ! c5tre ( ! ra9b[ is ! %ad[ ( ! spectator's head4#gi ,& att5tion or calculation ( ?is ab/ract k9d ,turn] appe>s to h be5 utt]ly incapable (2 b if he drew a piece ( drap]y1 9 :i* e l9e ( ! folds has a visible relation to ! po9ts ( susp5sion1 n a m]ely calculable "o1 ?is relation he w see to ! la/ ?read2 & ?us he traces ! ord] ( ! m\nta9 cre/s to _! la/ /one1 n because he kn[s any?+ ( geology1 b because he in/9ctively seizes ! la/ & f9e/ traces ( any visible law4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gb4 #cd4 ,he 01 h[ev]1 especially ob$i5t to ^! laws ( ! cre/s1 because he he>tily lov$ !m4 ,we saw 9 ! e>ly "p ( ?is *apt] h[ ! cre/ outl9es h>moniz$ ) ne>ly e o!r beautiful =m ( natural objects1 especially 9 ! cont9uity ( _! ext]nal curves4 ,?is cont9uity 0 s grateful to ,turn]'s he>t t he w\ld (t5 g great l5g?s to s]ve x4 ,= in/ance1 9 "o ( 8 draw+s ( ! t[n ( ,luc]ne he has fir/ outl9$ ! ,mont ,pilate 9 p5cil1 ) a c5tral peak1 z indicat$ by ! dott$ l9e 9 ,fig4 #gb4 ,?is is ne>ly true to ! local fact2 b be+ inconsi/5t ) ! g5]al look ( cre/s1 & contr>y to ,turn]'s in/9cts1 he /rikes (f ! refractory summit1 &1 leav+ 8 p5cil outl9e /ill 9 ! sky1 t\*es ) color only ! cont\r %[n by ! cont9u\s l9e 9 ! figure1 ?us treat+ x j z we saw ,titian did ! great ,alp ( ! ,tyrol4 ,he probably1 h[ev]1 w\ld n h done ?is ) s important a feature ( ! sc5e z ! ,mont ,pilate1 _h n ! cont9u\s l9e be5 absolutely necess>y to 8 composition1 9 ord] to oppose ! peak$ t[]s ( ! t[n1 :i* 7 8 pr9cipal subject2 ! =m ( ! ,pilate be+ se5 only z a rosy %ad[ 9 ! f> (f sky4 ,we _c1 h[ev]1 yet e/imate ! importance1 9 8 m9d1 ( ?is cont9uity ( desc5d+ curve1 until we come to ! exam9ation ( ! l[] hill flanks1 hi!rto hav+ be5 conc]n$ only ) _! rocky summits2 & be=e we leave ^? summits1 or r ! h>d] rocks :i* compose !m1 !re is yet ano!r condition ( ^? rocks to be exam9$2 & t ! condition :i* is commonly ! mo/ int]e/+1 namely1 ! ,precipice4 ,to ?is inquiry1 h[ev]1 we _h bett] devote a sep>ate *apt]4 ,,footnotes #ff ,s call$ f ! m\ld]+ nature ( its rocks4 ,!y are slaty cry/all9es1 b unusually fragile4 #fg ,! mat]ials remov$ f ! slope are spread ov] ! pla9 or valley bel[4 ,a ne>ly equal quantity is suppos$ to be remov$ f ! o!r side2 b besides ?is remov$ mass1 ! mat]ials crumble heavily f above1 & =m ! concave curve4 #fh ,! l9es are a little too /raight 9 _! cont9uations1 ! engrav] hav+ cut "s ( ! curvature out ( _! ?ickness1 ?9k+ ,i _h drawn !m too co>sely4 ,b ,i h *os5 ?is co>sely l9$ example1 & o!rs l x1 foll[+1 because ,i wi% to accu/om ! read] to di/+ui% betwe5 ! m]e f95ess ( in/rum5t 9 ! arti/'s h&1 & ! precision ( ! l9e he draws4 ,give ,titian a blunt p51 & /ill ,titian's l9e w be a noble "o3 a tyro1 ) a p5 well m5d$1 may draw m neatly2 b 8 l9es ought to be disc]n$ f ,titian's1 if we und]/& draw+4 ,e l9e 9 ?is woodcut ( ,dur]'s is ref9$2 & t 9 ! noble/ s5se4 ,:e!r broad or f9e does n matt]1 ! l9es are "r2 & ! mo/ delicate false l9e is ev]more to be despis$1 9 pres5ce ( ! co>se/ fai?ful "o4 #fi ,n absolutely on ! meet+ ( ! curves 9 "o po9t1 b on _! radiat+ ) "s h>moni\s succession ( diff]5ce 9 direction4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 l9es :i* are 9 true h>mony ( radiation1 & l9es :i* are n1 c1 9 complicat$ masses1 only be detect$ by a tra9$ eye2 yet x is (t5 ! *ief diff]5ce betwe5 good & bad draw+4 ,a clu/] ( six or sev5 black plumes =m+ ! w+ ( "o ( ! *]ubs 9 ,titian's ,assumption1 at ,v5ice1 has a fre$om & =ce ab\t x 9 ! pa9t+ :i* no copyi/ or engrav] has ev] yet r5d]$1 ?\gh x dep5ds m]ely on ! subtlety ( ! curves1 n on ! color4 #gj ,out ( p]spective1 ,i %\ld h said3 b x w %[ :at ,i mean4 #ga ,nor did any ne>] obs]vations ev] induce me to =m any contr>y op9ion4 ,x is n easy to get any consi/5t s]ies ( measurem5ts ( ! slope ( ^! gneiss b$s2 =1 al?\gh p>allel on ! great scale1 !y admit _m v>ieties ( dip 9 m9or projections4 ,b all my notes unite1 :e!r at ! bottom or top ( ! great slope ( ! ,montanv]t & ,la ,cte1 9 giv+ an angle ( f #fj to #hj ) ! horizon2 ! consi/5t angle be+ ab\t #ge4 ,i _c be mi/ak5 9 ! measurem5ts !mselves1 h[ev] inconclusive obs]vations on m9or portions ( rock may be2 = ,i nev] m>k an angle unless en\gh ( ! upp] or l[] surface ( ! b$s be smoo?ly expos$ to admit ( my pole be+ adju/$ to x by ! _s-level4 ,! pole !n indicates ! /rike ( ! b$s1 & a quadrant ) a plumb-l9e _! dip2 to all int5ts & purposes accurately4 ,!re is a curi\s di/ortion ( ! b$s 9 ! rav9e betwe5 ! ,glaci] des ,bois & foot ( ! ,montanv]t1 ne> ! ice1 ab\t a ?\s& feet above ! valley2 ! b$s !re seem to b5d sudd5ly back "u ! glaci]1 & 9 "s places to be q v]tical4 ,on ! opposite side ( ! glaci]1 bel[ ! ,*apeau1 ! dip ( ! lime/one "u ! gneiss1 ) ! int]m$iate b$1 sev5 or eight feet ?ick1 ( ! grey por\s rock :i* ! ,fr5* call c>gneule1 is highly int]e/+2 b x is s conceal$ by dbris & ! soil ( ! p9e =e/s1 z to be difficult to exam9e to any ext5t4 ,on ! :ole1 ! be/ position = gett+ ! angle ( ! b$s accurately1 is ! top ( ! ,tapia1 a little bel[ ! junction !re ( ! granite & gneiss 7see notice ( ?is junction 9 ,app5dix #b72 a po9t f :i* ! summit ( ! ,aiguille du ,g\t be>s #aa s\? ( we/1 & t ( ! ,aiguille ,b\*>d #ag nor? ( ea/1 ! ,aiguille ,dru #e or #f nor? ( ea/1 ! peak ( x appe>+ beh9d ! ,petit ,*>moz4 ,! b$s ( gneiss em]g+ f ! turf "u ! spectator's feet may be br\ght p>allel by ! eye ) ! slopes ( ! ,aiguille du ,g\t on "o side1 & ! ,b\*>d 7& base ( ,aiguille d',arg5tire7 on ! o!r2 /rik+ z ne>ly z possible f summit to summit ?r\gh t on :i* ! spectator /&s1 or f ab\t #aj nor? ( ea/ to #aj s\? ( we/1 & dipp+ ) exquisite uni=mity at an angle ( #gd degrees ) ! horizon4 ,b :at /ruck me z /ill m /range 01 t f ?is po9t ,i c\ld di/9ctly see traces ( ! same /raight /ructure runn+ ?r\gh ! ,petit ,*>moz1 & ! roots ( ! aiguilles !mselves1 z 9 ,fig4 #ei2 nor c\ld ,i ev]1 9 ! c\rse ( c\ntless obs]vations1 fairly det]m9e any po9t :]e ?is slaty /ructure altoge!r _h ceas$4 ,x seem$ only to get less & less traceable t[>ds ! c5tre ( ! mass ( ,mont ,blanc2 &1 f ! ridge ( ! ,aiguille ,b\*>d itself1 at ! po9t a 9 ,plate #cc1 :5ce1 look+ s\?-we/1 ! aiguilles c be se5 9 ! mo/ accurate pr(ile obta9able ?r\gh\t ! valley ( ,*am\ni1 ,i notic$ a v s+ul> p>allelism ev5 on ! s\?-ea/ side ( ! ,*>moz1 x y 7,fig4 #fj71 z if ! cont9u$ influ5ce ( ?is cleavage 7 c>ri$ on f ! ,little ,*>moz1 c1 d 79 :i*1 se5 on ! opposite side1 ,i _h trac$ x z 9 ,fig4 #ei71 ?r\gh ! c5tral mass ( rock r4 ,9 ?is pr(ile1 ,m is ! ,mont ,blanc itself2 m1 ! ,aiguille du ,midi2 ,p1 ,aiguille du ,plan2 b1 ,aiguille ,blaitire2 ,c1 ,great ,*>moz2 c1 ,petit ,*>moz2 ,e1 passage call$ de l',etala4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ei4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fj4 #gb ,_m geologi/s ?9k !y are ! true b$s4 ,!y run across ! gneissitic folia1 & ,i hold ) ,de ,saussure1 & consid] !m a cleavage4 #gc ,i tri$ 9 va9 to get along ! ridge ( ! ,b\*>d to ?is junction1 ! edge ( ! precipice betwe5 a & b 7,plate #cc7 be+ too brok52 b ! po9t corresponds s closely to t ( ! junction ( ! gneiss & protog9e on ! ,*>moz ridge1 t1 add+ ! evid5ce ( ! di/ant cont\r1 ,i h no d\bt z to ! g5]al relations ( ! rocks4 #gd ,de ,saussure (t5 ref]s to ^! z assaissem5ts4 ,!y occur1 "h & !re1 9 ! aiguilles !mselves4 #ge ,! aque\s curves & r\nd+s on ! ne>] cre/ 7,la ,cte7 are peculi>ly t5d]1 because ! gneiss ( :i* x is compos$ is s(t] 9 gra9 ?an t ( ! ,b\*>d1 & rema9s s ev5 to ! v top ( ! peak1 a1 9 ,fig4 #fa1 :]e ,i f\nd x mix$ ) a yell[i% & some:at s&y qu>tz rock1 & g5]ally mu* less protog5ic ?an is usual at su* elevations on o!r p>ts ( ! *a94 #gf ,x is wor? :ile not+ "h1 9 comp>+ ,fig4 #ff & ,fig4 #fh1 h[ entirely our judgm5t ( "s k9ds ( art dep5ds ^u k1 n on feel+4 ,any p]son unacqua9t$ ) hills w\ld ?9k ,claude's "r & ,titian's ridicul\s3 b1 aft] inquir+ a little f>!r into ! matt]1 we f9d ,titian's a c>eless & int5se expression ( true k1 & ,claude's a sl[ & plausible expression ( total ignorance4 ,x w be obs]v$ t ,fig4 #fi is "o ( ! second ord] ( cre/s1 d1 ,fig4 #dh4 ,! next in/ance giv5 is ( ! fir/ ord] ( cre/s1 c1 9 ! same figure #gg ,?is et*+1 l t ( ! ,bolton rocks1 is prep>$ = future mezzo-t9t1 & looks h>% 9 its pres5t /ate2 b w m>k all ! m cle>ly sev]al po9ts ( /ructure 9 "q4 ,! diamond-%ap$ rock1 h[ev]1 7,m1 9 ! ref]5ce figure17 is n s conspicu\s "h z x w be :5 ! plate is f9i%$1 be+ reliev$ 9 light f ! mass beh9d1 z also ! fa9t di/ant cre/s 9 d>k f ! sky4 #gh ,an anecdote is relat$1 m to our pres5t purpose1 & bett] au!nticat$1 inasmu* z ! "n ( ! arti/ to :om ,turn] 0 speak+ at ! "t is commonly /at$1 ?\gh ,i d n give x "h1 n hav+ ask$ 8 p]mission4 ,! /ory runs t ?is arti/ 7"o ( our lead+ l&scape pa9t]s7 0 compla9+ to ,turn] t1 aft] go+ to ,domo d',ossola1 to f9d ! site ( a p>ticul> view :i* _h /ruck him sev]al ye>s be=e1 he _h entirely fail$ 9 do+ s2 x look$ diff]5t :5 he w5t back aga94 ,:at1 repli$ ,turn]1 d y n "k yet1 at y\r age1 t y ought to pa9t y\r impressions8 #gi ,s1 9 ! exact l5g? or %ape ( %ad[s 9 g5]al1 he w (t5 be f\nd q inaccurate2 because ! irregul>ity caus$ 9 %ad[s by ! %ape ( :at !y fall on1 z well z :at !y fall f1 r5d]s ! law ( connection untraceable by ! eye or ! in/9ct4 ,! *ief visible ?+ ab\t a %ad[ is1 t x is always ( "s =m :i* nobody w\ld h ?\ght (2 & ?is visible pr9ciple ,turn] always seizes1 sometimes wrongly 9 calculat$ fact1 b always s rightly z to give m ! look ( a real %ad[ ?an any "o else4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi ,,result+ ,,=ms3--,,?irdly1 ,,precipices4 #a4 ,! read] 01 p]haps1 surpris$ by ! smallness ( ! numb] to :i* our =ego+ analysis r$uc$ ,alp9e summits be>+ an asc]ta9$ly peak$ or pyramidal =m4 ,he might n be less s if ,i 7 to numb] ! v few occasions on :i* ,i h se5 a true precipice ( any consid]able height4 ,i mean by a true precipice1 "o by :i* a plumb-l9e w sw+ cle>1 or )\t t\*+ ! face ( x1 if susp5d$ f a po9t a foot or two beyond ! br[4 ,n only are p]fect precipices ( ?is k9d v r>e1 b ev5 imp]fect precipices1 :i* (t5 produce ^u ! eye z maje/ic an impression z if !y 7 v]tical1 are ne>ly always curi\sly l[ 9 proportion to ! g5]al mass ( ! hills to :i* !y belong4 ,!y are = ! mo/ "p small /eps or r5ts 9 l>ge surfaces ( m\nta91 & m+l$ by ,nature among h] s(t] =ms1 z cauti\sly & sp>+ly z ! utmo/ ex]tion ( 8 voice is1 by a great speak]1 ) 8 tones ( g5tl5ess4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gc4 #b4 ,precipices1 9 ! l>ge plurality ( cases1 consi/ ( ! edge ( a b$ ( rock1 %>ply fractur$1 9 ! mann] already expla9$ 9 ,*ap4 ,,xii41 & are repres5t$1 9 _! connection ) aiguilles & cre/s1 by c1 9 ,fig4 #db1 p4 #aie4 ,:5 ! b$ ( rock slopes backw>ds f ! edge1 z a1 ,fig4 #gc1 a condition ( precipice is obta9$ m or less peak$1 v safe1 & v gr&4#hj ,:5 ! b$s are horizontal1 b1 ! precipice is /eep]1 m dang]\s1 b mu* less impressive4 ,:5 ! b$s slope t[>ds ! precipice1 ! front ( x ov]hangs1 & ! noble/ effect is obta9$ :i* is possible 9 m\nta9 =ms ( ?is k9d4 #c4 ,s+ul>ly en\gh1 ! type b is 9 actual nature ne>ly always ! mo/ dang]\s ( ! ?ree1 & c ! safe/1 = horizontal b$s are usually ( ! s(te/ rocks1 & _! cliffs are caus$ by "s viol5t ag5cy 9 con/ant op]ation1 z *alk cliffs by ! we>+ p[] ( ! sea1 s t su* rocks are cont9ually fall+1 9 "o place or ano!r4 ,! =m a may also be assum$ by v s(t rocks4 ,b c _c exi/ at all on ! l>ge scale1 unless x is built ( good mat]ials1 & x w !n frequ5tly /ay 9 its fix$ fr[n = ages4 #d4 ,x occasionally happ5s t a precipice is =m$ among ! high] cre/s by ! sides ( v]tical b$s ( slaty cry/all9es4 ,su* rocks are r>e1 & nev] v high1 b always beautiful 9 _! smoo?ness ( surface & g5]al tr5*ant & firm expression4 ,"o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ ,i "k is t ( ! summit ( ! ,brev51 on ! nor? ( ! valley ( ,*am\ni4 ,! m\nta9 is =m$ by v]tical %eets ( slaty cry/all9es1 r s(t at ! bottom1 & gett+ h>d] & h>d] t[>ds ! top1 until at ! v summit x is h>d & compact z ! granite ( ,wat]loo ,bridge1 ?\gh mu* f9] 9 ! gra91 & break+ into p]p5dicul> faces ( rock s p]fectly cut z to feel smoo? to ! h&4 ,fig4 #d1 p4 #ajg1 repres5ts1 ( ! real size1 a bit :i* ,i broke f ! edge ( ! cliff1 ! %ad$ "p und]nea? be+ ! surface :i* =ms ! precipice4 ,! plumb-l9e f ! br[ ( ?is cliff hangs cle> #abd ,engli% feet2 x is !n caught by a l$ge ab\t ?ree feet wide1 f :i* ano!r precipice falls to ab\t twice ! height ( ! fir/2 b ,i _h n l9e en\gh to measure x ) f ! top1 & c\ld n get d[n to ! l$ge4 ,:5 ,i say ! l9e hangs cle>1 ,i mean :5 once x is (f ! actual br[ ( ! cliff1 :i* is a little r\nd$ = ab\t f\rte5 or fifte5 feet1 f a to b1 9 ! section1 ,fig4 #ge4 ,!n ! rock rec$es 9 an almo/ unbrok5 concave sweep1 deta*+ itself f ! plumb-l9e ab\t two feet at ! po9t c 7! lat]al dim5sions are exagg]at$ to %[ ! curve71 & approa*+ x aga9 at ! l$ge d1 :i* is #abd feet bel[ a4 ,! plumb-l9e1 =tunately1 c be se5 ?r\gh\t its :ole ext5t f a %>p ba/ion ( ! precipice f>!r on1 = ! face ( ! cliff runs1 9 horizontal plan1 v ne>ly to ! magnetic nor? & s\?1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #gd1 ! plumb-l9e sw++ at a1 & se5 f ! advanc$ po9t ,p4 ,x w\ld give a simil> result at any o!r "p ( ! cliff face1 b may be mo/ conv5i5tly ca/ f ! po9t a1 a little bel[1 & to ! nor? ( ! summit4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ge4 #e4 ,b al?\gh ! o!r divisions ( ?is precipice1 bel[ ! l$ge :i* /ops ! plummet1 give x altoge!r a height ( ab\t five hundr$ feet1#ha ! :ole looks a m]e /ep on ! huge slope ( ! ,brev52 & x only des]ves m5tion among ,alp9e cliffs z "o ( s+ul> beauty & decision1 yet p]fectly approa*able & exam9able ev5 by ! wor/ climb]s2 :i* is v r>ely ! case ) cliffs ( ! same boldness4 ,i suppose t ?is is ! reason = its hav+ be5 (t5 /at$ 9 sci5tific works t no cliff c\ld be f\nd 9 ! ,alps f :i* a plumb-l9e w\ld sw+ two hundr$ feet4 ,?is c possibly be true 7& ev5 ) ?is limitation ,i d\bt x7 ( cliffs conv5i5tly approa*able by exp]im5tal philosoph]s4 ,=1 inde$1 "o way or ano!r1 x is curi\s h[ ,nature f5ces out1 z x 71 ! br[s ( h] bolde/ precipices4 ,:]ev] a plumb-l9e w sw+1 ! precipice is1 almo/ )\t exception1 ( ! type c1 9 ,fig4 #gc1 ! br[ ( x r\nd+ t[>ds ! edge =1 p]haps1 fifty or a hundr$ y>ds above1 r5d]+ x unsafe 9 ! highe/ degree = any inexp]i5c$ p]son to attempt approa*4 ,b x is (t5 possible to asc]ta9 f a di/ance1 if ! cliff c be got reliev$ aga9/ ! sky1 ! approximate degree ( its precipit\sness4 #f4 ,x may1 ,i ?9k1 be assum$1 almo/ ) c]ta9ty1 t :5ev] a precipice is v bold & v high1 x is =m$ by b$s m or less approa*+ horizontally1 out ( :i* x has be5 cut1 l ! side ( a hay/ack f :i* "p has be5 remov$4 ,! wond]fulness ( ?is op]ation ,i h be=e insi/$ ^u2 "h we h to exam9e ! be/ examples ( x4 ,z1 9 =ms ( c5tral rock1 ! ,aiguilles ( ,*am\ni1 s 9 notabl5ess ( lat]al precipice1 ! ,matt]horn1 or ,mont ,c]v91 /&s1 on ! :ole1 unrivall$ among ! ,alps1 be+ t]m9at$1 on two ( its sides1 by precipices :i* produce on ! imag9ation ne>ly ! effect ( v]ticality4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 only "o po9t at :i* !y rea* any?+ approa*+ su* a condition2 & t po9t is :olly inaccessible ei!r f bel[ or above1 b suffici5tly measurable by a s]ies ( obs]vations4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #gg4 #g4 ,f ! slope ( ! hill above1 & to ! we/ (1 ! village ( ,z]matt1 ! ,matt]horn pres5ts itself "u ! figure %[n on ! "r h& 9 ! opposite plate 7#ch74 ,! :ole height ( ! mass1 f ! glaci] out ( :i* x rises1 is ab\t #djjj feet2 & al?\gh1 z be=e notic$1 ! fir/ slope f ! top t[>ds ! "r is m]ely a p]spective l9e1 ! "p ( ! cont\r c d1 ,fig4 #cc1 p4 #aha1 :i* lit]ally ov]hangs1#hb _c be4 ,an app>5t slope1 h[ev] /eep1 s t x does n ov]pass ! v]tical1 may be a horizontal l9e2 b ! mom5t x c be %[n lit]ally to ov]hang1 x mu/ be "o ( two ?+s1--ei!r an actually p5dant face ( rock1 z at a1 ,fig4 #gg1 or ! "u edge ( an ov]hang+ cornice ( rock1 b4 ,( c\rse ! latt] condition1 on su* a scale z ?is ( ! ,matt]horn1 w\ld be ! m wond]ful ( ! two2 b ,i 0 anxi\s to det]m9e :i* ( ^! x really 04 ,illu/ration3 #ch4 ,! ,c]v91 f ! ,ea/ & ,nor?-ea/4 #h4 ,my fir/ object 0 to rea* "s spot comm&+1 z ne>ly z might be1 ! lat]al pr(ile ( ! ,mont ,c]v94 ,! mo/ available po9t = ?is purpose 0 ! top ( ! ,riffelhorn2 :i*1 h[ev]1 fir/ attempt+ to climb by its deceitful we/]n side1 & be+ /opp$1 = ! mom5t1 by ! s+ul> moat & wall :i* def5d its ,malakh(f-l summit1 fe>+ t ,i might n be able ultimately to rea* ! top1 ,i made ! draw+ ( ! ,c]v91 on ! left h& 9 ,plate #ch1 f ! edge ( ! moat2 & f\nd aft]w>ds ! diff]5ce 9 aspect1 z x 0 se5 f ! true summit1 s slight z n to necessitate ! tr\ble ( mak+ ano!r draw+4#hc ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gh4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gi4 #i4 ,x may be not$ 9 pass+1 t ?is wall :i* ) its regul> fosse def5ds ! ,riffelhorn on its we/]n side1 & a simil> "o on its ea/]n side1 ?\gh nei!r ( !m ( any consid]able height1 are curi\s in/ances ( tr5*ant precipice1 =m$1 ,i suppose1 by slight slips or faults ( ! s]p5t9e rock4 ,! summit ( ! horn1 a1 ,fig4 #gh1 seems to h be5 pu%$ up 9 a mass beyond ! re/ ( ! ridge1 or else ! re/ ( ! ridge to h dropp$ f x on ea* side1 at b c1 leav+ ! two tr\blesome faces ( cliff "r across ! crag1 h>d1 gre5 z a sea wave1 & poli%$ l ! inside ( a sea%ell1 :]e ! wea!r has n effac$ ! surface produc$ by ! slip4 ,x is only by gett+ pa/ ! ea/]n cliff t ! summit c be rea*$ at all1 = on its two lat]al esc>pm5ts ! m\nta9 seems q inaccessible1 be+ 9 its :ole mass no?+ else ?an ! top ( a n>r[ wall ) a rais$ battlem5t1 z rudely %[n 9 p]spective at e d2 ! flanks ( ! wall fall+ t[>ds ! glaci] on "o side1 & to ! l[] ,riffel on ! o!r1 f\r or five hundr$ feet1 n1 inde$1 9 unbrok5 precipice1 b 9 a =m q incapable ( be+ scal$4#hd ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gi4 #aj4 ,to return to ! ,c]v94 ,! view ( x giv5 on ! left h& 9 ,plate #ch %[s ! ridge 9 ab\t its n>r[e/ pr(ile2 & %[s also t ?is ridge is compos$ ( b$s ( rock %elv+ across x1 app>5tly horizontal1 or ne>ly s1 at ! top1 & slop+ consid]ably s\?w>ds 7to ! spectator's left71 at ! bottom4 ,h[ f> ?is slope is a consequ5ce ( ! advance ( ! ne>e/ angle giv+ a /eep p]spective to ! b$s1 ,i _c say2 my own belief w\ld h be5 t a great deal ( x is ?us deceptive1 ! b$s ly+ z ! tiles d 9 ! some:at anomal\s1 b p]fectly conceivable h\se-ro(1 ,fig4 #gi4 ,saussure1 h[ev]1 attributes to ! b$s !mselves a v consid]able slope4 ,b be ?is z x may1 ! ma9 facts ( ! ?9ness ( ! b$s1 _! comp>ative horizontality1 & ! d>+ swordsweep by :i* ! :ole m\nta9 has be5 hewn out ( !m1 are f ?is spot compreh5sible at a glance4 ,visible1 ,i %\ld h said2 b et]nally1 & to ! utt]mo/1 9compreh5sible4 ,e geologi/ :o speaks ( ?is m\nta9 seems to be /ruck by ! wond]fulness ( its calm sculpture--! abs5ce ( all aspect ( convulsion1 & yet ! /]n *isell+ ( s va/ a mass into its precipit\s isolation leav+ no ru9 nor dbris ne> x4 ,quelle =ce n'a-t-il pas fallu1 exclaims ,m4 ,saussure1 p\r rompre1 et p\r balay] t\t ce qui manque cette pyramide6 ,:at an ov]turn ( all anci5t ideas 9 ,geology1 says ,pr(essor ,=bes1 to f9d a p9nacle ( #ae1jjj feet high above ! sea %>p z a pyramid1 & ) p]p5dicul> precipices ( ?\s&s ( feet on e h&1 to be a repres5tative ( ! old] *alk =mation2 & :at a difficulty to conceive ! nature ( a convulsion 7ev5 ) unlimit$ p[]71 :i* c\ld produce a configuration l ! ,mont ,c]v9 ris+ f ! glaci] ( ,zmutt6 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig #hj4 #aa4 ,! t]m p]p5dicul> is ( c\rse appli$ by ! ,pr(essor 9 ! poetical temp] ( ,reynolds1--t is to say1 9 "o inatt5tive to m9ute exactness 9 details2 b ! effect ( ?is /range ,matt]horn ^u ! imag9ation is inde$ s great1 t ev5 ! grave/ philosoph]s _c resi/ x2 & ,pr(essor ,=bes's draw+ ( ! peak1 outl9$ at page #ahj1 has evid5tly be5 made "u ! influ5ce ( consid]able excitem5t4 ,= fe> ( be+ deceiv$ by en?usiasm also1 ,i dagu]reotyp$ ! ,c]v9 f ! edge ( ! little lake "u ! crag ( ! ,riffelhorn1 ) ! some:at amaz+ result %[n 9 ,fig4 #hj4 ,s cauti\s is ,nature1 ev5 9 h] bolde/ "w1 s broadly does %e ext5d ! f\ndations1 & /r5g!n ! buttresses1 ( masses :i* produce s /rik+ an impression z to be describ$1 ev5 by ! mo/ c>eful writ]s1 z p]p5dicul>4 #ab4 ,! only portion ( ! ,matt]horn :i* approa*es su* a condition is ! %\ld]1 be=e allud$ to1 =m+ a /ep ( ab\t "o twelf? ! height ( ! :ole peak1 %[n by light on its sn[y side1 or upp] surface1 9 ! "r-h& figure ( ,plate #ch4 ,all[+ #djjj feet = ! height ( ! peak1 ?is /ep or %\ld] w be betwe5 #cjj & #djj feet 9 absolute height2 & z x is n only p]p5dicul>1 b assur$ly ov]hangs1 bo? at ?is sn[-light$ angle & at ! o!r corn] ( ! m\nta9 7se5 aga9/ ! sky 9 ! same figure71 ,i h n ! slighte/ d\bt t a plumb-l9e w\ld sw+ f ! br[ ( ei!r ( ^! ba/ions1 betwe5 #fjj & #hjj feet1 )\t t\*+ rock4 ,! int]m$iate portion ( ! cliff :i* jo9s !m is1 h[ev]1 n m ?an v]tical4 ,i 0 !re=e anxi\s *iefly to obs]ve ! /ructure ( ! two angles1 &1 to t end1 to see ! m\nta9 close on t side1 f ! ,zmutt glaci]4 #ac4 ,i am afraid my dislike to ! nom5clatures inv5t$ by ! ,g]man philosoph]s has be5 unreasonably1 ?\gh involunt>ily1 complicat$ ) t :i*1 cross+ out ( ,italy1 "o necess>ily feels = ^? inv5t$ by ! ,g]man peasantry4 ,z travell]s n[ e day m frequ5tly visit ! neighborhood ( ! ,monte ,rosa1 x w\ld surely be a p]missible1 because conv5i5t1 poetical lic5se1 to inv5t "s o!r "n = ?is noble glaci]1 ^: pres5t title1 c]ta9ly n euphoni\s1 has ! additional disadvantage ( be+ easily conf\nd$ ) t ( ! ,z]matt glaci]1 prop]ly s call$4 ,i mean myself1 h5ce=w>d1 to call x ! ,r$ glaci]1 because1 = two or ?ree miles above its l[] extremity1 ! :ole surface ( x is cov]$ ) blocks ( r$di% gneiss1 or o!r slaty cry/all9e rocks1--"s fall5 f ! ,c]v91 "s f ! ,weis%orn1 "s br\ght f ! ,/ockhi & ,d5t d',er91 b little roll$ or gr\nd d[n 9 ! transit1 & cov]+ ! ice1 (t5 f\r or five feet deep1 ) a species ( macadamization on a l>ge scale 7ea* /one be+ usually "s foot or foot & a half 9 diamet]71 any?+ b conv5i5t to a travell] 9 ha/e4 ,high] up1 ! ice op5s into broad :ite fields & furr[s1 h>d & dry1 sc>cely fissur$ at all1 except j "u ! ,c]v91 & =m+ a sil5t & solemn causeway1 pav$1 z x seems1 ) :ite m>ble f side to side2 broad en\gh = ! m>* ( an army 9 l9e ( battle1 b quiet z a /reet ( tombs 9 a buri$ city1 & bord]$ on ea* h& by gho/ly cliffs ( t fa9t granite purple :i* seems1 9 its f>-away height1 z unsub/antial z ! d>k blue t b\nds x2--! :ole sc5e s *angeless & s\ndless2 s remov$1 n m]ely f ! pres5ce ( m51 b ev5 f _! ?\ghts2 s de/itute ( all life ( tree or h]b1 & s immeasurable 9 its lonely brightness ( maje/ic dea?1 t x looks l a _w f :i* n only ! human1 b ! spiritual1 pres5ces _h p]i%$1 & ! la/ ( its ar*angels1 build+ ! great m\nta9s = _! monum5ts1 _h laid !mselves d[n 9 ! sunlight to an et]nal re/1 ea* 9 8 :ite %r\d4 #ad4 ,! fir/ po9t f :i* ! ,matt]horn precipices1 :i* ,i came to exam9e1 %[ _! /ructure di/9ctly1 is ab\t half-way up ! valley1 be=e rea*+ ! glaci]4 ,! mo/ conv5i5t pa?1 & access to ! ice1 are on ! s\?2 b x is be/1 9 ord] to wat* ! *anges ( ! ,matt]horn1 to keep on ! nor? side ( ! valley2 &1 at ! po9t j nam$1 ! %\ld] m>k$ e 9 ,fig4 #cc1 p4 #aha1 is se51 9 ! morn+ sunlight1 to be compos$ ( zigzag b$s1 app>5tly ( eddi$ s&4 7,fig4 #ha47 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ha4 ,i h no d\bt !y once 7 eddi$ s&2 t is to say1 sea or torr5t drift1 h>d5$ by fire into cry/all9e rock2 b :e!r !y ev] 7 or n1 ! c]ta9 fact is1 t "h we h a precipice1 tr5*ant1 ov]hang+1 & #ejj feet 9 height1 cut across ! ?9 b$s :i* compose x z smoo?ly z a piece ( f9e-gra9$ wood is cut ) a *isel4 #ae4 ,f ?is po9t1 also1 ! nature ( ! correspond+ ba/ion1 c d1 ,fig #cc1 is also disc]nible4 ,x is ! edge ( a great concave precipice1 cut out ( ! m\nta91 z ! smoo? holl[s are out ( ! rocks at ! foot ( a wat]fall1 & across :i* ! v>i\sly color$ b$s1 ?r[n by p]spective into correspond+ curvatures1 run exactly l ! seams ( canvas 9 a ,v5etian felucca's sail4 ,se5 f ?is spot1 x seems impossible t ! m\nta9 %\ld long support itself 9 su* a =m1 b ! impression is only caus$ by ! concealm5t ( ! va/ proportions ( ! mass beh9d1 ^: poise is q unaffect$ by ?is holl[+ at "o po9t4 ,!nce=w>d1 z we asc5d ! glaci]1 ! ,matt]horn e mom5t exp&s 9 app>5t wid?2 & hav+ rea*$ ! foot ( ! ,/ockhi 7ab\t a f\r h\rs' walk f ,z]matt71 & gett+ ! ,c]v9 summit to be> ,s4 #aa ,e41 ,i made ! draw+ ( x engrav$ opposite1 :i* gives a true idea ( ! relations betwe5 x & ! masses ( its f\ndation4 ,! be>+ /at$ is t ( ! app>5t summit only1 z f ?is po9t ! true summit is n visible2 ! rocks :i* seem to =m ! greate/ "p ( ! m\nta9 be+ 9 reality no?+ b its f\ndations1 :ile ! little :ite jagg$ peak1 reliev$ aga9/ ! d>k holl[ j bel[ ! seem+ summit1 is ! rock m>k$ g 9 ,fig4 #cc4 ,b ! /ructure ( ! mass1 & ! long ranges ( horizontal1 or ne>ly horizontal1 b$s :i* =m its cre/1 %[+ 9 black po9ts l arr[-heads ?r\gh ! sn[1 :]e _! ridges are left project+ by ! avalan*e *annels1 are bett] se5 ?an at any o!r po9t ,i rea*$1 toge!r ) ! sweep+ & ?9 zones ( s&y gneiss bel[1 b5d+ app>5tly l a coa*-spr+2 & ! notable po9t ab\t ! :ole is1 t ?is "u-b$1 ( seem+ly ! mo/ delicate sub/ance1 is t prep>$ by ,nature to build h] bolde/ precipice )1 x be+ ?is b$ :i* em]ges at ! two ba/ions or %\ld]s be=e notic$1 & :i* by t projection causes ! /range oblique di/ortion ( ! :ole m\nta9 mass1 z x is se5 f ,z]matt4 ,illu/ration3 ,j4 ,rusk94 ,j4 ,c4 ,armytage4 #ci4 ,! ,c]v91 f ! ,nor?-,we/4 #af4 ,& our surprise w /ill be increas$ z we f>!r exam9e ! mat]ials ( :i* ! :ole m\nta9 is compos$4 ,9 _m places its cry/all9e slates1 :]e _! horizontal surfaces are expos$ along ! project+ b$s ( _! f\ndations1 break into ru9 s total t ! foot da%es ?r\gh _! loose r$ flakes z ?r\gh heaps ( autumn leaves2 & yet1 j :]e _! /ructure seems mo/ delicate1 j :]e !y seem to h be5 swept be=e ! eddies ( ! /reams t fir/ accumulat$ !m1 9 ! mo/ passive :irls1 !re ! aft] ages h knit !m into ! mo/ massive /r5g?1 & !re h hewn out ( !m ^? firm grey ba/ions ( ! ,c]v91--ov]hang+1 smoo?1 flawless1 unconqu]able6 ,=1 unlike ! ,*am\ni aiguilles1 !re is no aspect ( de/ruction ab\t ! ,matt]horn cliffs4 ,!y are n torn remnants ( sep>at+ spires1 yield+ flake by flake1 & b& by b&1 to ! cont9ual process ( decay4 ,!y are1 on ! contr>y1 an unalt]$ monum5t1 seem+ly sculptur$ long ago1 ! huge walls reta9+ yet ! =ms into :i* !y 7 fir/ engrav51 & /&+ l an ,egyptian temple1--delicate-front$1 s(tly color$1 ! suns ( unc\nt$ ages ris+ & fall+ ^u x cont9ually1 b /ill ca/+ ! same l9e ( %ad[s f ea/ to we/1 /ill1 c5tury aft] c5tury1 t\*+ ! same purple /a9s on ! lotus pill>s2 :ile ! des]t s& ebbs & fl[s ab\t _! feet1 z ^? autumn leaves ( rock lie heap$ & weak ab\t ! base ( ! ,c]v94 #ag4 ,is n ?is a /range type1 9 ! v he>t & height ( ^! my/]i\s ,alps--^! wr9kl$ hills 9 _! sn[y1 cold1 grey-hair$ old age1 at fir/ s sil5t1 !n1 z we keep quiet at _! feet1 mutt]+ & :isp]+ to u g>rul\sly1 9 brok5 & dream+ fits1 z x 71 ab\t _! *ildhood--is x n a /range type ( ! ?+s :i* out ( weakness are made /rong8 ,if "o ( ^? little flakes ( mica-s&1 hurri$ 9 tremul\s spangl+ along ! bottom ( ! anci5t riv]1 too light to s9k1 too fa9t to float1 almo/ too small = sight1 c\ld h _h a m9d giv5 to x z x 0 at la/ borne d[n ) its k9dr$ du/ into ! abysses ( ! /ream1 & laid1 7w\ld x n h ?\ght87 = a hopeless et]nity1 9 ! d>k ooze1 ! mo/ despis$1 =gott51 & feeble ( all e>?'s atoms2 incapable ( any use or *ange2 n fit1 d[n !re 9 ! diluvial d>kness1 s mu* z to help an e>?-wasp to build its ne/1 or fe$ ! fir/ fibre ( a li*52--:at w\ld x h ?\ght1 _h x be5 told t "o day1 knitt$ into a /r5g? z ( imp]i%able iron1 ru/less by ! air1 infusible by ! flame1 out ( ! sub/ance ( x1 ) its fell[s1 ! axe ( ,god %\ld hew t ,alp9e t[]2 t aga9/ x--poor1 helpless1 mica flake6--! wild nor? w9ds %\ld rage 9 va92 b5ea? x--l[-fall5 mica flake6--! sn[y hills %\ld lie b[$ l flocks ( %eep1 & ! k+doms ( ! e>? fade away 9 unreg>d$ blue2 & ar\nd x--weak1 wave-drift$ mica flake6--! great w> ( ! firmam5t %\ld bur/ 9 ?und]1 & yet /ir x n2 & ! fi]y arr[s & angry meteors ( ! night fall blunt$ back f x into ! air2 & all ! />s 9 ! cle> heav5 %\ld light1 "o by "o z !y rose1 new cressets ^u ! po9ts ( sn[ t fr+$ its abid+-place on ! imp]i%able spire8 #ah4 ,i h ?\ght x wor? :ile1 = ! sake ( ^! lessons1 & ! o!r int]e/s connect$ ) !m1 to lead ! read] ?us f> into ! exam9ation ( ! pr9cipal precipices among ! ,alps1 al?\gh1 s f> z our imm$iate purposes are conc]n$1 ! inquiry _c be v fruitful or helpful to u4 ,= rocks ( ?is k9d1 be+ f\nd only 9 ! mid/ ( ! high] sn[ fields1 are n only out ( ! g5]al track ( ! l&scape pa9t]1 b are = ! mo/ "p q beyond 8 p[]--ev5 beyond ,turn]'s4 ,! waves ( sn[1 :5 x becomes a pr9cipal elem5t 9 m\nta9 =m1 are at once s subtle 9 tone1 & s complicat$ 9 curve & fold1 t no skill w express !m1 s z to keep ! :ole lum9\s mass 9 any?+ l a true relation to ! rock d>kness4 ,= ! di/ant rocks ( ! upp] peaks are !mselves1 :5 9 light1 pal] ?an :ite pap]1 & _! true size & relation to ne> objects _c be exhibit$ unless !y are pa9t$ 9 ! pale/ tones4 ,yet1 z comp>$ ) _! sn[1 !y are s d>k t a dagu]reotype tak5 = ! prop] numb] ( seconds to draw ! sn[ %ad[s rightly1 w always repres5t ! rocks z coal-black4 ,9 ord]1 !re=e1 to pa9t a sn[y m\nta9 prop]ly1 we %\ld ne$ a light z mu* bright] ?an :ite pap] z :ite pap] is bright] ?an *>coal4 ,s t al?\gh x is possible1 ) deep blue sky1 & purple rocks1 & blue %ad[s1 to obta9 a v int]e/+ resemblance ( sn[ effect1 & a true "o up to a c]ta9 po9t 7z 9 ! be/ examples ( ! body-color draw+s sold s ext5sively 9 ,switz]l&7 x is n possible to obta9 any ( ^? ref9em5ts ( =m & gradation :i* a great arti/'s eye requires4 ,turn] felt t1 among ^! highe/ hills1 no s]i\s or p]fect "w c\ld be done2 & al?\gh 9 "o or two ( 8 vignettes 7already ref]r$ to 9 ! fir/ volume7 he %[$ 8 k ( !m1 8 practice1 9 l>g] works1 0 always to treat ! sn[y m\nta9s m]ely z a f>-away :ite cl\d1 conc5trat+ ! int]e/ ( 8 picture on ne>] & m tractable objects4 #ai4 ,"o circum/ance1 h[ev]1 be>+ ^u art1 we may note be=e leav+ ^! upp] precipices1 namely1 ! way 9 :i* !y illu/rate ! favorite expression ( ,hom] & ,dante--cut rocks4 ,h[ev] little satisfi$ we _h reason to be ) ! degree ( affection %[n t[>ds m\nta9 sc5]y by ei!r poet1 we may n[ p]ceive1 ) "s respect & surprise1 t !y _h got at "o "* :i* 0 9 ! ess5ce ( ! noble/ rocks1 j z ! e>ly illum9ators got at ! pr9ciples :i* lie at ! he>t ( vegetation4 ,z di/+ui%$ f all o!r natural =ms1--f fibres :i* are torn1 cry/als :i* are brok51 /ones :i* are r\nd$ or worn1 animal & vegetable =ms :i* are gr[n or m\ld$1--! true h>d rock or precipice is notably a ?+ cut1 its inn] gra9 or /ructure seem+ to h less to d ) its =m ?an is se5 9 any o!r object or sub/ance :atsoev]2 & ! aspect ( subjection to "s ext]nal sculptur+ in/rum5t be+ di/9ct 9 almo/ exact proportion to ! size & /ability ( ! mass4 #bj4 ,x is n s1 h[ev]1 ) ! next gr\ps ( m\nta9 :i* we h to exam9e--^? =m$ by ! s(t] slaty coh]5ts1 :5 _! p]i%able & frail sub/ance has be5 rais$ into cliffs 9 ! mann] illu/rat$ by ,fig4 #ab at p4 #adf1--;cliffs ^: front e fro/ disorganizes into filmy %ale1 & ( :i* e ?und]-%[] dissolves tons 9 ! swoln blackness ( torr5ts4 ,if ?is takes place f ! top d[nw>ds1 ! cliff is gradually effac$1 & a m or less r\nd$ em95ce is soon all t rema9s ( x2 b if ! l[] b$s only decompose1 or if ! :ole /ructure is /r5g!n$ "h & !re by c\rses ( h>d] rock1 ! precipice is und]m9$1 & rema9s hang+ 9 p]il\s l$ges & projections until1 ! process hav+ rea*$ ! limit ( its /r5g?1 va/ portions ( x fall at once1 leav+ new fronts ( equal rugg$ness1 to be ru9$ & ca/ d[n 9 _! turn4 ,! :ole di/rict ( ! nor!rn inf]ior ,alps1 f ! m\nta9s ( ! ,rposoir to ! ,gemmi1 is full ( precipices ( ?is k9d2 ! well kn[n cre/s ( ! ,mont ,doron1 & ( ! ,aiguille de ,v>5s1 above ,sall5*es1 be+ connect$ by ! great cliffs ( ! valley ( ,sixt1 ! d>k mass ( ! ,buet1 ! ,d5t du ,midi de ,bex1 & ! ,diabl]ets1 ) ! great amphi!atre ( rock 9 ^: secure/ recess ! pa? ( ! ,gemmi hides its w9d+4 ,b ! mo/ frightful & mo/ *>act]i/ic cliff 9 ! :ole gr\p is ! range ( ! ,ro*]s des ,fys1 above ! ,col d',ant]ne4 ,x happ5s to h a b$ ( h>d] lime/one at ! top ?an 9 any o!r "p ( its mass2 & ?is b$1 protect+ its summit1 enables x to =m itself into ! mo/ gha/ly ranges ( p9nacle :i* ,i "k among m\nta9s4 ,9 "o spot ! upp] edge ( lime/one has =m$ a complete cornice1 or r bracket--= x is n ext5d$ en\gh to con/itute a cornice1 :i* projects f> into ! air ov] ! wall ( a%y rock1 & is se5 aga9/ ! cl\ds1 :5 !y pass into ! *asm beyond1 l ! nodd+ cop+-/one ( a ca/le--only ! wall bel[ is n less ?an #bejj feet 9 height1--n v]tical1 b /eep en\gh to seem s to ! imag9ation4 #ba4 ,su* precipices are among ! mo/ impressive z well z ! mo/ really dang]\s ( m\nta9 ranges2 9 _m spots inaccessible ) safety ei!r f bel[ or f above2 d>k 9 color1 rob$ ) ev]la/+ m\rn+1 = ev] tott]+ l a great =tress %ak5 by w>1 fe>ful z mu* 9 _! weakness z 9 _! /r5g?1 & yet ga!r$ aft] e fall into d>k] fr[ns & unhumiliat$ ?reat5+2 = ev] incapable ( com=t or ( heal+ f h]b or fl[]1 n\ri%+ no root 9 _! crevices1 t\*$ by no hue ( life on buttress or l$ge1 b1 to ! utmo/1 desolate2 kn[+ no %ak+ ( leaves 9 ! w9d1 nor ( grass beside ! /ream1--no motion b _! own mortal %iv]+1 ! dea?ful crumbl+ ( atom f atom 9 _! corrupt+ /ones2 kn[+ no s\nd ( liv+ voice or liv+ tread1 *e]$ nei!r by ! kid's bleat nor ! m>mot's cry2 haunt$ only by un9t]rupt$ e*oes f f> (f1 w&]+ hi!r & ?i!r among _! walls1 unable to escape1 & by ! hiss ( angry torr5ts1 & sometimes ! %riek ( a bird t flits ne> ! face ( !m1 & sweeps fright5$ back f "u _! %ad[ into ! gulf ( air3 &1 sometimes1 :5 ! e*o has fa9t$1 & ! w9d has c>ri$ ! s\nd ( ! torr5t away1 & ! bird has vani%$2 & ! m\ld]+ /ones are /ill = a little "t1--a br[n mo?1 op5+ & %utt+ its w+s ^u a gra9 ( du/1 may be ! only ?+ t moves1 or feels1 9 all ! wa/e ( we>y precipice1 d>k5+ five ?\s& feet ( ! blue dep? ( heav54 #bb4 ,x w n be ?\ght t !re is no?+ 9 a sc5e su* z ?is des]v+ our contemplation1 or capable ( convey+ useful lessons1 if x 7 fitly r5d]$ by art4 ,i _c myself conceive any picture m impressive ?an a fai?ful r5d]+ ( su* a cliff w\ld be1 suppos+ ! aim ( ! arti/ to be ! utmo/ tone ( sad sublime4 ,i am1 nev]!less1 aw>e ( no in/ance 9 :i* ! slighte/ attempt has be5 made to express _! "*2 ! reason be+1 p>tly1 ! extreme difficulty ( ! task1 p>tly ! want ( temptation 9 speci\s color or =m4 ,= ! maje/y ( ?is k9d ( cliff dep5ds entirely on its size3 a l[ range ( su* rock is z un9t]e/+ z x is ugly2 & x is only by mak+ ! spectator und]/& ! enorm\s scale ( _! desolation1 & ! space :i* ! %ad[ ( _! dang] oppresses1 t any impression c be made ^u 8 m9d4 ,& ?is scale _c be express$ by any artifice2 ! m\nta9 _c be made to look l>ge by pa9t+ x blue or fa9t1 o!rwise x loses all its gha/l9ess4 ,x mu/ be pa9t$ 9 its own ne> & solemn colors1 black & a%5 grey2 & its size mu/ be express$ by ?or\gh draw+ ( its innum]able details--pure quantity1--) c]ta9 po9ts ( comp>ison explanatory ( ! :ole4 ,?is is no light task2 &1 attempt$ by any man ( ord9>y g5ius1 w\ld ne$ /eady & c>eful pa9t+ = ?ree or f\r mon?s2 :ile1 to su* a man1 !re w\ld appe> to be no?+ wor? 8 toil 9 ! gloom ( ! subject1 unreliev$ z x is ev5 by v>iety ( =m2 = ! s(t rock ( :i* ^! cliffs are compos$ r>ely breaks into bold masses2 & ! gloom ( _! effect p>tly dep5ds on its n do+ s4 #bc4 ,yet1 :ile pa9t]s ?us reject ! natural1 & l>ge sublime1 :i* is ready to _! h&1 h[ /rangely d !y seek aft] a false & small sublime4 ,x is n t !y reprobate gloom1 b !y w only h a gloom ( _! own mak+2 j z half ! _w w n see ! t]rible & sad tru?s :i* ! univ]se is full (1 b surr\nds itself ) little cl\ds ( sulky & unnecess>y fog = its own special brea?+4 ,a portrait is n ?\ght gr& unless x has a ?und]cl\d beh9d x 7z if a h]o c\ld n be brave 9 sun%9e72 a ru9 is n melan*oly en\gh till x is se5 by moonlight or twilight2 & e condition ( !atrical p5siv5ess or ( ! !atrical t]rific is exhau/$ 9 sett+ =? sc5es or p]sons :i* 9 !mselves are1 p]haps1 v quiet sc5es & homely p]sons2 :ile t :i*1 )\t any accessories at all1 is ev]la/+ly melan*oly & t]rific1 we refuse to pa9t1--nay1 we refuse ev5 to obs]ve x 9 its reality1 :ile we seek = ! excitem5t ( ! v feel+s x 0 meant to address1 9 e conceivable =m ( our false ideal4 ,= in/ance3 !re h be5 few pictures m prais$ = _! sublimity ?an ! ,deluge ( ,nicolas ,p\ss92 ( :i*1 nev]!less1 ! sublimity1 su* z x is1 consi/s :olly 9 ! pa9t+ ( ev]y?+ grey or br[n1--n ! grey & br[n ( great pa9t]s1 full ( my/]i\s & unconfess$ colors1 dim blue1 & %ad[y purple1 & veil$ gold1--b ! /ony grey & dismal br[n ( ! conv5tionali/4 ,madame de ,g5lis1 ^: g5]al criticisms on pa9t+ are full ( good s5se--s+ul>ly s1 consid]+ ! age 9 :i* %e liv$#he--;has ! foll[+ passage on ?is picture3-- ',i rememb] to h se5 ! pa9t+ y m5tion2 b ,i own ,i f\nd no?+ 9 x v beautiful4' ',y h se5 x ra9 (t5 en\gh8' ',c]ta9ly4' ',h y ev] at su* times obs]v$ ! color ( ! cl\ds att5tively8--h[ ! dusky atmosph]e obscures all objects1 makes !m1 if di/ant1 disappe>1 or be se5 ) difficulty8 ,_h y paid a prop] att5tion to ^! effects ( ra91 y w\ld h be5 amaz$ by ! exactitude ) :i* !y are pa9t$ by ,p\ss94'#hf #bd4 ,madame de ,g5lis is j 9 h] appeal to nature1 b _h n h]self look$ c>efully en\gh to make h] appeal accurate4 ,%e _h notic$ "o ( ! pr9cipal effects ( ra91 b n ! o!r4 ,x is true t ! dusky atmosph]e obscures all objects1 b x is also true t ,nature1 nev] int5d+ ! eye ( man to be )\t delight1 has provid$ a ri* comp5sation = ?is %ad+ ( ! t9ts ) d>kness1 9 _! bright5+ by moi/ure4 ,e color1 wet1 is twice z brilliant z x is :5 dry2 & :5 di/ances are obscur$ by mi/1 & bright colors vani% f ! sky1 & gleams ( sun%9e f ! e>?1 ! =egr\nd assumes all its lovelie/ hues1 ! grass & foliage revive into _! p]fect gre51 & e sunburnt rock gl[s into an agate4 ,! colors ( m\nta9 =egr\nds c nev] be se5 9 p]fection unless !y are wet2 nor c moi/ure be entirely express$ except by fulness ( color4 ,s t ,p\ss91 9 se>* ( a false sublimity1 pa9t+ e object 9 8 picture1 vegetation & all1 ( "o dull grey & br[n1 has actually r5d]$ x impossible = an educat$ eye to conceive x z repres5t+ ra9 at all2 x is a dry1 volcanic d>kness4 ,x may be said t _h he pa9t$ ! effect ( ra9 truly1 ! picture1 compos$ ( ! objects he has introduc$1 w\ld h become too pretty = 8 purpose4 ,b 8 error1 & ! error ( l&scapi/s 9 g5]al1 is 9 seek+ to express t]ror by false treatm5t1 in/ead ( go+ to ,nature h]self to ask h] :at %e has appo9t$ to be ev]la/+ly t]rible4 ,! greate/ g5ius w\ld be %[n by tak+ ! sc5e 9 its pla9e/ & mo/ probable facts2 n seek+ to *ange pity into fe>1 by d5y+ ! beauty ( ! _w t 0 pass+ away4 ,b if x 7 det]m9$ to excite fe>1 & fe> only1 x ought to h be5 done by imag9+ ! true gha/l9ess ( ! tott]+ cliffs ( ,ar>at or ,caucasus1 z ! heavy waves fir/ smote aga9/ ! promontories t until !n _h only kn[n ! ?9 fann+ ( ! upp] air ( heav52--n by pa9t+ leaves & grass slate-grey4 ,& a new _w ( sublimity might be op5$ to u1 if any pa9t] ( p[] & feel+ w\ld devote himself1 = a few mon?s1 to ^! solemn cliffs ( ! d>k lime/one ,alps1 & w\ld only pa9t "o ( !m1 z x truly /&s1 n 9 ra9 nor /orm1 b 9 its own et]nal sadness3 p]haps be/ on "s fair summ] ev5+1 :5 its fe>ful veil ( immeasurable rock is brea!d ^u by w>m air1 & t\*$ ) fad+ rays ( purple2 & all t x has ( ! melan*oly ( ru91 m+l$ ) ! might ( endurance1 & ! =ebod+ ( dang]1 rises 9 its grey gloom aga9/ ! g5tle sky2 ! s(t wrea?s ( ! ev5+ cl\ds expir+ along its ridges "o by "o1 & leav+ x1 at la/1 ) no light b t ( its own cascades1 /&+ l :ite pill>s "h & !re along its sides1 motionless & s\ndless 9 _! di/ance4 #be4 ,"h1 h[ev]1 we mu/ leave ^! m =midable examples ( ! ,alp9e precipice1 to exam9e ^? :i*1 by ,turn] or by arti/s 9 g5]al1 h be5 reg>d$ z prop]ly )9 ! sph]e ( _! art4 ,turn] _h 9 ?is respect "s peculi> views induc$ by e>ly association4 ,x has already be5 notic$1 9 my pamphlet on ,pre-,raphaelitism1 t 8 fir/ conceptions ( m\nta9 sc5]y seem to h be5 tak5 f ,york%ire2 & its r\nd$ hills1 f> w9d+ riv]s1 & brok5 lime/one sc>s1 to h =m$ a type 9 8 m9d to :i* he s\ght1 z f> z might be1 to obta9 "s correspond5t imag]y 9 all o!r l&scape4 ,h5ce1 he almo/ always pref]r$ to h a precipice l[ d[n on ! hillside1 r ?an ne> ! top2 lik$ an ext5t ( r\nd$ slope above1 & ! v]tical cliff to ! wat] or valley1 bett] ?an ! slope at ! bottom & wall at ! top 7comp>e ,fig4 #ac1 p4 #adh72 & _h 8 att5tion e>ly direct$ to ^? horizontal1 or comp>atively horizontal1 b$s ( rock :i* usually =m ! faces ( precipices 9 ! ,york%ire dales2 n1 z 9 ! ,matt]horn1 m]ely indicat$ by ve9$ color+ on ! surface ( ! smoo? cliff1 b project+1 or m\ld]+ away1 9 def9ite successions ( l$ges1 cornices1 or /eps4 ,illu/ration3 ,j4 ,rusk94 ,j4 ,h4 ,le ,keux4 #dj4 ,! ,m\nta9s ( ,vill5euve4 #bf4 ,?is decid$ love ( ! slope1 or bank above ! wall1 r ?an bel[ x1 is "o ( ,turn]'s mo/ m>k$ idiosyncrasies1 & gives a "* to 8 composition1 z di/+ui%$ f t ( o!r m51 p]haps m m>k$ ?an any :i* are traceable 9 o!r features ( x 7except1 p]haps1 9 8 pe>-%ap$ ideal ( trees1 ( :i* m h]eaft]74 ,= :5 m\nta9s are /rik+ to ! g5]al eye1 !y almo/ always h ! high cre/ or wall ( cliff on ! top ( _! slopes1 ris+ f ! pla9 fir/ 9 m\nds ( mead[-l&1 & bosses ( rock1 & /udd$ s(tness ( =e/2 ! br[n cottages peep+ ?r\gh grove above grove1 until j :]e ! deep %ade ( ! p9es becomes blue or purple 9 ! haze ( height1 a r$ wall ( upp] precipice rises f ! pa/ure l&1 & frets ! sky ) gl[+ s]ration4 ,plate #dj1 opposite1 repres5ts a mass ( m\nta9 j above ,vill5euve1 at ! head ( ! ,lake ( ,g5eva1 9 :i* ! type ( ! /ructure is %[n ) s+ul> cle>ness4 ,mu* ( ! sc5]y ( we/]n ,switz]l&1 & *>act]i/ically ! :ole ( t ( ,savoy1 is compos$ ( m\nta9s ( ?is k9d2 ! isolat$ gr\p betwe5 ,*amb]y & ,gr5oble1 :i* holds ! ,gr&e ,*>treuse 9 ! he>t ( x1 is con/ruct$ entirely ( su* masses2 & ! ,montagne de ,v]gi1 :i* 9 l mann] encloses ! n>r[ mead[s & trac]i$ cloi/]s ( ! ,conv5t ( ! ,rposoir1 =ms ! mo/ /rik+ feature among all ! m\nta9s t bord] ! valley ( ! ,arve betwe5 ,cluse & ,g5eva2 :ile ranges ( cliffs pres5t+ precisely ! same typical *>act]s fr[n above ! bridge & =tress ( ,mont-,meillan1 & enclose1 9 light blue calm1 ! wat]s ( ! ,lake ( ,annecy4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hb4 #bg4 ,n[1 al?\gh 9 _m ( 8 draw+s ,turn] ackn[l$ges ?is /ructure1 x seems always to be ) "s degree ( reluctance2 :]eas he seizes ) in/ant eag]ness1 & e appe>ance ( cont5tm5t1 on =ms ( m\nta9 :i* are r\nd$ into banks above1 & cut into precipices bel[1 z is ! case 9 mo/ elevat$ table-l&s2 9 ! *alk coteaux ( ! ,se9e1 ! basalt bord]s ( ! ,rh9e1 & ! l[] gorges ( ! ,alps2 s t :ile ! mo/ /rik+ pieces ( natural m\nta9 sc5]y usually rise f ! pla9 "u "s su* outl9e z t at a1 ,fig4 #hb1 ,turn] always =m$ 8 composition1 if possible1 on su* an arrangem5t z t at b4 ,"o reason = ?is is cle>ly ! great] simplicity ( ! l9e4 ,! simpl] a l9e is1 s t x be cunn+ly v>i$ )9 its simplicities1 ! gr&] x is2 & ,turn] likes to enclose all 8 brok5 crags by su* a l9e z t at b1 j z we saw ! classical compos]1 9 our fir/ plate1 enclose ! griff9's beak ) bread? ( w+4 ,nev]!less1 ,i _c b attribute 8 some:at wilful & m>k$ rejection ( :at sublimity !re is 9 ! o!r =m1 to ! influ5ce ( e>ly affections2 & s9c]ely regret t ! fasc9ation ex]cis$ ov] him by memory %\ld h l$ him to pass s mu* ( 8 life 9 putt+ a sublimity n prop]ly belong+ to !m into ! coteaux ( ,clairmont & ,meauves1 & ! v9e t]races ( ,b+5 & ,ob]wesel2 leav+ almo/ unrecord$ ! natural sublimity1 :i* he c\ld nev] h exagg]at$1 ( ! p9e-fr+$ m\nta9s ( ! ,iscre1 & ! cl\dy diadem ( ! ,mont ,v]gi4 #bh4 ,9 all cases ( ?is k9d1 x is difficult to say h[ f> h>m & h[ f> good h result$ f :at unque/ionably has 9 x some?+ ( bo?4 ,x is to be regrett$ t ,turn]'s /udies %\ld h be5 w>p$1 by e>ly affection1 f ! ,alps to ! ,rh9e2 b ! fact ( 8 feel+ ?is e>ly affection1 & be+ ?us /rongly influ5c$ by x ?r\gh 8 life1 is indicative ( t s5sibility :i* 0 at ! root ( all 8 greatness4 ,o!r arti/s are l$ away by =eign sublimities & di/ant int]e/s2 delight+ always 9 t :i* is mo/ m>k$ly /range1 & qua9tly contr>y to ! sc5]y ( _! homes4 ,b ,turn] evid5tly felt t ! claims ^u 8 reg>d possess$ by ^? places :i* fir/ _h op5$ to him ! joy1 & ! labor1 ( 8 life1 c\ld nev] be sup]s$$2 no ,alp9e cl\d c\ld efface1 no ,italian sunbeam out%9e1 ! memory ( ! pleasant dales & days ( ,rokeby & ,bolton2 & _m a simple promontory1 dim ) s\!rn olive1--_m a l[ cliff t /oop$ unnotic$ ov] "s ali5 wave1 0 record$ by him ) a love1 & delicate c>e1 t 7 ! %ad[s ( old ?\ghts & long-lo/ delights1 ^: *>m yet hung l morn+ mi/ above ! *ant+ waves ( ,:>fe & ,greta4 #bi4 ,! fir/ in/ance1 !re=e1 ( ,turn]'s m\nta9 draw+ :i* ,i endeavor$ to give accurately1 9 ?is book1 0 f ^? %ores ( ,:>fe :i*1 ,i believe1 he nev] c\ld revisit )\t te>s2 nay1 :i* = all ! latt] "p ( 8 life1 he nev] c\ld ev5 speak (1 b 8 voice falt]$4 ,we w n[ exam9e ?is in/ance ) great] c>e4 ,x is fir/ to be rememb]$ t 9 e "o ( 8 ,engli% or ,fr5* draw+s1 ,turn]'s m9d 01 9 two great in/9cts1 at v>iance ) itself4 ,! affections ( x clung1 z we h j se51 to humble sc5]y1 & g5tle wildness ( pa/oral life4 ,b ! admiration ( x 01 m ?an any o!r arti/'s :atsoev]1 fa/5$ on l>g5ess ( scale4 ,) all 8 he>t1 he 0 atta*$ to ! n>r[ mead[s & r\nd$ knolls ( ,engl&2 by all 8 imag9ation he 0 urg$ to ! rev]5ce ( endless vales & measureless hills2 nor c\ld any sc5e be too contract$ = 8 love1 or too va/ = 8 ambition4 ,h5ce1 :5 he return$ to ,engli% sc5]y aft] 8 fir/ /udies 9 ,savoy & ,dauph91 he 0 cont9ually endeavor+ to reconcile old fondnesses ) new sublimities2 &1 z 9 ,switz]l& he *ose r\nd$ ,alps = ! love ( ,york%ire1 s 9 ,york%ire he exagg]at$ scale1 9 memory ( ,switz]l&1 & gave to ,+lebor\gh1 se5 f ,hornby ,ca/le1 9 great "p ! expression ( cl\dy maje/y & height :i* he _h se5 9 ! ,alps f ,gr5oble4 ,we mu/ cont9ually rememb] ^! two opposite in/9cts z we exam9e ! ,turn]ian topography ( 8 subject ( ,bolton ,abbey4 #cj4 ,! ,abbey is plac$1 z mo/ lov]s ( our ,engli% sc5]y "k well1 on a little promontory ( level p>k l&1 enclos$ by "o ( ! sweeps ( ! ,:>fe4 ,on ! o!r side ( ! riv]1 ! flank ( ! dale rises 9 a pretty wood$ br[1 :i* ! riv]1 lean+ aga9/1 has cut into two or ?ree some:at bold masses ( rock1 /eep to ! wat]'s edge1 b fea!r$ above ) copse ( a% & oak4 ,above ^! rocks1 ! hills are r\nd$ s(tly upw>ds to ! moorl&2 ! entire height ( ! br[ t[>ds ! riv] be+ p]haps two hundr$ feet1 & ! rocky p>ts ( x n above =ty or fifty1 s t ! g5]al impression ^u ! eye is t ! hill is little m ?an twice ! height ( ! ru9s1 or ( ! gr\ps ( noble a% trees :i* encircle !m4 ,"o ( ^! gr\ps is conspicu\s above ! re/1 gr[+ on ! v %ore ( ! tongue ( l& :i* projects into ! riv]1 ^: cle> br[n wat]1 /eal+ fir/ 9 m]e ?reads betwe5 ! sep>ate pebbles ( %+le1 & eddy+ 9 s(t gold5 l9es t[>ds its c5tral curr5ts1 fl[s out ( amb] into ebony1 & glides calm & deep bel[ ! rock on ! opposite %ore4 #ca4 ,except 9 ?is /ony b$ ( ! /ream1 ! sc5e possesses v little m aspect ( m\nta9 "* ?an belongs to "s ( ! p>k & mead[ l& "u ! *alk hills ne> ,h5ley & ,maid5head2 & if x 7 fai?fully drawn 9 all po9ts1 & on its true scale1 w\ld h>dly m affect ! imag9ation ( ! spectator1 unless he trac$1 ) su* c>e z is nev] f any spectator to be hop$1 ! evid5ce ( nobl] "* 9 ! pebbl$ %ore & unconspicu\s rock4 ,b ! sc5e 9 reality does affect ! imag9ation /rongly1 & 9 a way :olly diff]5t f l[l& hill sc5]y4 ,a little f>!r up ! valley ! lime/one summits rise1 & t /eeply1 to a height ( twelve hundr$ feet above ! riv]1 :i* foams betwe5 !m 9 ! n>r[ & dang]\s *annel ( ! ,/rid4 ,noble moorl&s ext5d above1 purple ) hea?1 & brok5 into sc>s & gl5s1 & ar\nd e s(t tuft ( wood1 & g5tle ext5t ( mead[1 ?r\gh\t ! dale1 !re floats a feel+ ( ?is m\nta9 p[]1 & an in/9ctive appreh5sion ( ! /r5g? & greatness ( ! wild nor!rn l&4 #cb4 ,x is to ! association ( ?is p[] & bord] /]nness ) ! sweet peace & t5d] decay ( ,bolton ,priory1 t ! sc5e owes its di/9ctive *>m4 ,! feel+s excit$ by bo? *>act]s are def9itely connect$ by ! melan*oly tradition ( ! circum/ances to :i* ! ,abbey owes its orig92 & yet f>!r d>k5$ by ! ne>] memory ( ! dea?1 9 ! same spot :i* betray$ ! boy ( ,egremont1 ( ano!r1 z "y1 z ?\ghtless1 & z belov$4 ,! /ately priory 0 re>$1 ,& ,:>fe1 z he mov$ along1 ,to mat9s jo9$ a m\rnful voice1 ,nor fail$ at ev5song4 ,all ?is association ( v>i\s awe1 & noble m+l+ ( m\nta9 /r5g? ) religi\s fe>1 ,turn] _h to sugge/1 or he w\ld n h drawn ,bolton ,abbey4 ,he goes d[n to ! %+ly %ore2 = ! ,abbey is b ! *ild ( ! ,:>fe2--x is ! riv]1 ! great cause ( ! ,abbey1 :i* %all be 8 ma9 subject2 only ! extremity ( ! ru9 itself is se5 betwe5 ! /ems ( ! a% tree2 b ! waves ( ! ,:>fe are /udi$ ) a c>e :i* r5d]s ?is draw+ unique among ,turn]'s works1 = its expression ( ! eddies ( a sl[ m\nta9 /ream1 & ( _! paus+ 9 trea*]\s dep? b5ea? ! holl[$ rocks4 ,illu/ration3 #ab4 ,! ,%ores ( ,:>fe4 ,on ! opposite %ore is a s+ul> jutt+ angle ( ! %ales1 =m+ ! pr9cipal feature ( ! l[ cliffs at ! wat]'s edge4 ,turn] fa/5s on x z ! only available mass2 draws x ) notable c>e1 & !n magnifies x1 by dim9i%+ ! trees on its top to "o fif? ( _! real size1 s t :at w\ld else h be5 little m ?an a /ony bank becomes a true precipice1 on a scale completely sugge/ive ( ! heights beh9d4 ,! hill beyond is 9 l mann] lift$ into a m r\nd$1 b /ill precipit\s1 em95ce1 rea*+ ! utmo/ admissible elevation ( t5 or twelve hundr$ feet 7measurable by ! trees ^u x74 ,i h engrav$ ?is entire portion ( ! draw+ ( ! real size1 on ! opposite page2 ! engrav+ ( ! :ole draw+1 publi%$ 9 ! ,engl& ,s]ies1 is also easily accessible4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hc4 #cc4 ,n kn[+ accurately to :at gr\p ( ! ,york%ire lime/ones ! rocks opposite ! ,abbey belong$1 or _! relation to ! s&/ones at ! ,/rid1 ,i wrote to ask my k9d fri5d ,pr(essor ,phillips1 :o in/antly s5t me a little geological sket* ( ! position ( ^! ,yor$ale ,%ales1 add+ ?is int]e/+ note3 ,! black %ales opposite ! ,abbey are curi\sly t9t$ at ! surface1 & are contort$4 ,mo/ arti/s give !m ! appe>ance ( solid massive rocks2 nor is ?is altoge!r wrong1 especially :5 ! natural jo9ts ( ! %ale appe> prom95t aft] p>ticul> accid5ts2 !y %\ld1 h[ev]1 nev] be made to resemble i4e4 9 solidity lime/one or grit/one4 ,n[ ! ,yor$ale %ales are memb]s ( ! gr\p ( rocks :i* ,i h call$ slaty coh]5ts1 & correspond v closely to ^? portions ( ! ,alp9e slates describ$ 9 ,*ap4 ,x4 #d2 _! ma9 "* is cont9ual sep>ation into f9e flakes1 m or less ( ,dante's iron-color$ gra92 :i*1 h[ev]1 on a l>ge scale1 =m ^? some:at solid-look+ masses to :i* ,mr4 ,phillips alludes 9 8 lett]1 & :i* he describes1 9 8 rec5tly publi%$ ,geology1 9 ! foll[+ g5]al t]ms3 ,! %ales ( ?is tract are usually d>k1 close1 & fissile1 & trav]s$ by extremely long /raight jo9ts1 divid+ ! rock into rhomboidal prisms 7i4e4 prisms ( ! %ape c1 ,fig4 #hc1 9 ! section74 #cd4 ,turn] _h1 !re=e1 ^! f\r ?+s to %[3--#a4 ,flaky division horizontally2 #b4 ,division by rhomboidal jo9ts2 #c4 ,massy appe>ance occasionally1 some:at conceal+ ! /ructure2 #d4 ,local contortion ( ! b$s4 7,see passage quot$ ( ,mr4 ,phillips's lett]74 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hd4 ,exam9e1 !n1 ! plate j giv5 7#ab ,a74 ,! cleavage ( ! %ales runs diagonally up f left to "r2 note especially h[ delicately x runs up ?r\gh ! =egr\nd rock1 & is insi/$ ^u1 j at ! br[ ( x1 9 ! angul> /ep-l fragm5ts2 comp>e also ! et*+ 9 ! fir/ volume4 ,!n note ! upright pill>s 9 ! di/ance1 m>k$ especially z rhomboidal by be+ drawn ) ! cleavage /ill slop+ up on ! return+ side1 z at a1 ,fig4 #hc1 n z at b1 :i* w\ld be _! aspect if !y 7 squ>e2 & !n ! indication ( int]ruption 9 ! /ructure at ! br[ ( ! ma9 cliff1 :]e1 z well z on ! ne>] mass1 exposure to ! wea!r has r\nd$ away ! cleavages4 ,?is projection1 z be=e m5tion$1 does exi/ at ! spot2 & ,i believe is p>tly an indication ( ! contortion 9 ! b$s allud$ to by ,mr4 ,phillips2 b no "o b ,turn] w\ld h fa/5$ on x1 z 9 anywise des]v+ special att5tion4 ,= ! re/1 no words are ( any use to expla9 ! subtle fidelity ) :i* ! m9or r\nd+s & cleavages h be5 express$ by him4 ,fidelity ( ?is k9d c only be e/imat$ by work]s3 if ! read] c himself draw a bit ( natural precipice 9 ,yor$ale %ale1 & !n copy a bit ( ! et*+1 he w f9d "s measure ( ! diff]5ce betwe5 ,turn]'s "w & o!r p's1 & n o!rwise2 al?\gh1 )\t any su* labor1 he may at once p]ceive t !re is a diff]5ce1 & a wide "o1--s wide1 t ,i h lit]ally no?+ to comp>e ! ,turn]ian "w ) 9 previ\s art4 ,"h1 h[ev]1 ,fig4 #hd1 is a rock ( ,claude's 7,lib] ,v]itatis1 ,no4 #ia1 on ! left h&71 :i* is some?+ ( ! %ape ( ,turn]'s1 & pr(esses to be cre/$ 9 l mann] ) copse-wood4 ,! read] may comp>e z mu* z he likes1 or c1 ( x4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #he4 #ce4 ,9 fact1 z ,i said "s "t ago1 ! :ole l&scape ( ,claude 0 no?+ b a m or less s(t5$ cont9uance ( ! old traditions ( missal-pa9t+1 ( :i* ,i gave examples 9 ! previ\s volume4 ,! g5]al notion ( rock :i* may be trac$ 9 ! e>lie/ "w1 z ,figs4 #a & #b 9 ,plate #aj ,vol4 ,,iii4 is ( an upright mass cut out ) an adze2 z art advances1 ! pa9t]s beg9 to p]ceive horizontal /ratification1 &1 z 9 all ! f\r o!r examples ( t plate1 %[ some?+ l true r5d]+ ( ! fracture ( rocks 9 v]tical jo9ts ) sup]impos$ project+ masses4 ,!y insi/ on ?is type1 ?9k+ x fr[n+ or picturesque1 & usually exhibit x to m advantage by putt+ a conv5t1 h]mitage1 or ca/le on ! projection ( ! crag4 ,9 ! blue backgr\nds ( ! missals ! projection is (t5 wildly extravagant2 = in/ance1 ! ,,ms4 ,additional1 #aa1fif ,brit4 ,mus41 has all its backgr\nds compos$ ( blue rocks ) t[]s ^u !m1 ( :i* ,fig4 #he is a *>act]i/ic example 7magnifi$ 9 scale ab\t "o-?ird2 b1 ,i ?9k1 r dim9i%$ 9 extravagance ( projection74 ,x is inf9itely bett] drawn ?an ,claude's rocks ev] are1 9 ! expression ( cleavage2 b c]ta9ly some:at too bold 9 /&+4 ,!n1 9 m elaborate "w1 we get conditions ( precipice l ,fig4 #c 9 ,plate #aj1 :i*1 inde$1 is n ill-drawn 9 _m respects2 & ! book f :i* x is tak5 %[s o!r evid5ces ( a love ( nature suffici5tly r>e at ! p]iod1 ?\gh jo9$ qua9tly ) love ( ! grotesque3 = in/ance1 ! writ]1 giv+ an acc\nt ( ! natural productions ( ,saxony1 illu/rates 8 *apt] ) a view ( ! salt m9es2 he repres5ts ! br9e-spr+1 conduct$ by a wood5 tr\gh f ! rock into an evaporat+-h\se :]e x is receiv$ 9 a pan1 "u :i* he has pa9t$ sc>let flames ( fire ) s+ul> skill2 & ! rock out ( :i* ! br9e fl[s is 9 its g5]al cleavages ! be/ ,i ev] saw drawn by m$ival art4 ,b x is c>efully wr\ght to ! resemblance ( a grotesque human head4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hf4 #cf4 ,?is bold] qua9tness ( ! missals is v slightly modifi$ 9 religi\s pa9t+s ( ! p]iod4 ,fig4 #hf1 by ,cima da ,conegliano1 a ,v5etian1 ,no4 #agc 9 ! ,l\vre1 comp>$ ) ,fig4 #c ( ,plate #aj 7,flemi%71 w %[ ! k9d ( receiv$ tradition ab\t rocks curr5t ?r\gh\t ,europe4 ,claude takes up ?is tradition1 &1 m]ely mak+ ! rocks a little clumsi]1 & m we$y1 produces su* conditions z ,fig4 #hg 7,lib] ,v]itatis1 ,no4 #ia1 ) ,fig4 #hd above72 :ile ! or?odox door or ar*way at ! bottom is develop$ into ! ,hom]ic cave1 %ad$ ) laurels1 & "s %ips are put und]nea? x1 or se5 ?r\gh x1 at impossible an*orages4 ,illu/ration3 ,j4 ,rusk94 ,j4 ,h4 ,le ,keux #da4 ,! ,rocks ( ,arona4 #cg4 ,fig4 #hg is g5]ally *>act]i/ic1 n only ( ,claude1 b ( ! o!r pa9t]s ( ! ,r5aissance p]iod1 because !y 7 all equally fond ( repres5t+ ?is ov]hang+ ( rocks ) build+s on ! top1 & we$s droop+ into ! air ov] ! edge1 always ?9k+ to get sublimity by exagg]at+ ! projection1 & nev] able to feel or und]/& ! simplicity ( real rock l9es2 n t !y 7 9 want ( examples ar\nd !m3 on ! contr>y1 ?\gh ! ma9 idea 0 traditional1 ! modifications ( x are always traceable to ! l[] masses ( lime/one & tufa :i* skirt ! ,alps & ,ap5n9es1 & :i* h1 9 reality1 long contract$ habits ( nodd+ ov] _! bases2 be+1 bo? by ,virgil & ,hom]1 spok5 ( always z hang+ or ov]-ro($ rocks4 ,b !n !y h a way ( do+ x r diff]5t f ! ,r5aissance ideas ( !m4 ,"h1 = in/ance 7,plate #da71 is a real hang+ rock1 ) a ca/le on ! top ( x1 & 7,greek3 katrephs7 laurel1 all pla9 fact1 f ,arona1 on ! ,lago ,maggiore2 &1 ,i believe1 ! read]1 ?\gh we h n z yet said any?+ ab\t l9es1 w at once1 on comp>+ x ) ,fig4 #hg1 recognize ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! true p>abolic fl[ ( ! rock-l9es & ! humpback$ de=mity ( ,claude2 &1 /ill m1 ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! delicate ov]hang+ ( ! natural cliff1 cauti\sly dim9i%$ z x gets high]#hg1 & ! ideal dang] ( ! ,lib] ,v]itatis4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hg4 #ch4 ,& ! fact is1 g5]ally1 t natural cliffs are v cauti\s h[ !y ov]hang1 & t ! arti/ :o repres5ts !m z do+ s 9 any extravagant degree entirely de/roys ! sublimity :i* he hop$ to increase1 = ! simple reason t he takes away ! :ole rock-nature1 or at lea/ t "p ( x :i* dep5ds ^u weight4 ,! in/9ct ( ! obs]v] refuses to believe t ! rock is pond]\s :5 x ov]hangs s f>1 & x has no m real effect ^u him ?an ! imag9$ rocks ( a fairy tale4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hh4 ,?\gh1 !re=e1 ! subject sket*$ on ?is page is suffici5tly trifl+ 9 itself1 x is important z a p]fect g5]al type ( ! ov]hang+ ( t k9d ( precipices1 & ( ! mode 9 :i* !y are connect$ ) ! banks above4 ,fig4 #hh %[s its ab/ract lead+ l9es1 consi/+ ( "o great p>abolic l9e x y fall+ to ! br[1 curv$ aque\s l9es d[n ! precipice face1 & ! spr++ l9es ( its vegetation1 oppos$ by contr>y curves on ! f>!r cliff4 ,su* an arrangem5t1 ) or )\t vegetation1 may take place on a small or l>ge scale2 b a bold] projection ?an ?is1 except by r>e accid5t1 & on a small scale1 _c4 ,if ! read] w glance back to ,plate #cg1 & obs]ve ! arrangem5t ( ! precipices on ! "r h&1 he w n[ bett] und]/& :at ,turn] means by !m4 ,b ! :ole "q ( ! beauty ( ?is =m1 or mode ( its developm5t1 re/s on ! nature ( ! bank above ! cliffs1 & ( ! aque\s =ces t c>v$ x2 & ?is discussion ( ! nature ( banks1 z x w take "s "t1 _h bett] be ref]r$ to next *apt]4 ,"o or two m po9ts are1 h[ev]1 to be /at$ "h4 #ci4 ,= ! read] has probably be5 already consid]+ h[ x is t ^! ov]hang+ cliffs are =m$ at all1 & :y !y appe> ?us to be consum$ away at ! bottom4 ,sometimes if ( s(t mat]ial !y actually are s consum$ by ! quick] trickl+ ( /reamlets at ! base ?an at ! summit1 or by ! g5]al action ( damp 9 decompos+ ! rock4 ,b 9 ! noble/ in/ances1 su* cliffs are con/ruct$ z at c 9 ,fig4 #gc1 above1 & ! inw>d retirem5t ( ! precipice is ! result ( _! t5d5cy to break at "r angles to ! b$s1 modifi$ accord+ to ! p[] ( ! rock to support itself1 & ! aque\s action f above or bel[4 ,i h be=e allud$ 79 p4 #aeg7 to ?is some:at p]il\s arrangem5t p]mitt$ 9 ! second>y /rata4 ,! dang]1 be x obs]v$1 is n ( ! fall ( ! br[ ( ! precipice1 :i* nev] takes place on a l>ge scale 9 rocks ( ?is k9d 7comp>e #c ( ?is *apt]71 b ( ! slid+ ( "o b$ completely away f ano!r1 & ! :ole mass com+ d[n toge!r4 ,b ev5 ?is1 ?\gh x has sev]al times occurr$ 9 ,switz]l&1 is n a :it m likely to happ5 :5 ! precipice is t]rific ?an :5 x is insignificant4 ,! dang] results f ! imp]fect adhesion ( ! m\nta9 b$s2 n at all f ! ext]nal =m ( !m4 ,a cliff1 :i* is 9 aspect absolutely awful1 may h>dly1 9 ! "p ( x t ov]hangs1 add "o ?\s&? "p to ! gravitat+ p[] ( ! entire mass ( ! rocks above2 &1 = ! com=t ( n]v\s travell]s1 !y may be assur$ t !y are (t5 9 m dang] "u ! g5tle slopes ( a pleasantly wood$ hill1 ?an "u ! mo/ t]rific cliffs ( ! ,eig] or ,jungfrau4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hi4 #dj4 ,! mo/ int]e/+ examples ( ^! cliffs are usually to be se5 imp5d5t above /rong torr5ts1 :i*1 if =c$ orig9ally to run 9 a valley1 su* z a 9 ,fig4 #hi1 be>+ ! relation !re %[n to ! incl9ation ( b$s on ea* side1 w n1 if ! cleavage is across ! b$s1 cut _! *annel /raight d[n1 b 9 an incl9$ direction1 correspond5t to ! cleavage1 z at b4 ,if ! op]ation be c>ri$ f>1 s z to und]m9e "o side ( ! rav9e too s]i\sly1 ! und]m9$ masses fall1 p>tially *oke ! torr5t1 & give x a new direction ( =ce1 or dim9i% its saw+ p[] by break+ x among ! fall5 masses1 s t ! cliff nev] becomes v high 9 su* an imp5d5t =m2 b ! tr5* is hewn d[nw>ds 9 a direction irregul>ly v]tical4 ,among ! lime/ones on ! nor? side ( ! ,valles1 !y be+ j s(t en\gh to yield easily to ! wat]1 & yet s h>d z to ma9ta9 !mselves 9 massy precipices1 :5 once hewn to ! %ape1 !re are defiles ( ^: dep? & proportions ,i am almo/ afraid to /ate :at ,i believe to be ! measurem5ts1 s mu* d !y diff] f any :i* ,i h se5 assign$ by sci5tific m5 z ! limits ( precipit\s =mation4 ,i c only say t my delib]ate impression ( ! great rav9e cut by ! torr5t :i* desc5ds f ! ,alets* glaci]1 ab\t half way betwe5 ! glaci] & ,brieg1 01 t its dep? is betwe5 a ?\s& & fifte5 hundr$ feet1 by a bread? ( betwe5 =ty & a hundr$4 ,b ,i c\ld n get to ! edge ( its cliffs1 = ! tops r\nd$ away into ! *asm1 &1 ( c\rse1 all actual measurem5t 0 impossible4 ,!re are o!r simil> clefts betwe5 ! ,biets*horn & ! ,gemmi2 & ! "o be=e spok5 ( at ,ardon1 ab\t five miles bel[ ,sion1 ?\gh q unimportant 9 comp>ison1 pres5ts "s boldly ov]hang+ precipices easily obs]v$ by ! pass+ travell]1 z !y are close to ! road4 ,! gl5 ?r\gh :i* ! torr5t ( ! ,tri5t desc5ds into ! valley ( ! ,rhone1 ne> ,m>tigny1 ?\gh n above ?ree or f\r hundr$ feet deep1 is also notable = its n>r[ness1 & = ! magnific5t h>dness ( ! rock ?r\gh :i* x is cut1--a gneiss twi/$ ) qu>tz into undulations l ^? ( a ,damascus sabre1 & z compact z its /eel4 #da4 ,x is n possible to get ! complete expression ( ^! rav9es1 any m ?an ( ! apse ( a ,go?ic ca!dral1 into a picture1 z _! elevation _c be drawn on a v]tical plane 9 front ( ! eye1 ! head ne$+ to be ?r[n back1 9 ord] to measure _! height1 or /oop$ to p5etrate _! dep?4 ,b ! /ructure & expression ( ! entrance to "o ( !m h be5 made by ,turn] ! !me ( 8 sublime m\nta9-/udy 7,mill ne> ! ,gr&e ,*>treuse7 9 ! ,lib] ,/udiorum2 nor does he seem ev] to h be5 we>y ( recurr+ = v>i\s precipice-subject1 to ! rav9es ( ! ,via ,mala & ,/4 ,go?>d4 ,i w n injure any ( ^!--8 noble/ works--by giv+ imp]fect copies ( !m2 ! read] has n[ data en\gh :]eby to judge1 :5 he meets ) !m1 :e!r !y are well done or ill2 &1 inde$1 all t ,i am endeavor+ to d "h1 z (t5 a=esaid1 is only to get "s laws ( ! simple/ k9d und]/ood & accept$1 s z to enable p :o c>e at all = ju/ice to make a /& at once beside ! mod]n m\nta9-draw+1 z di/+ui%$ f ,salvator's1 or ,claude's1 or any o!r spuri\s "w4 ,take1 = in/ance1 su* a law z ?is ( ! g5]al oblique incl9ation ( a torr5t's sides1 ,fig4 #hi1 & comp>e ! ,turn]ian gorge 9 ! di/ance ( ,plate #ba "h1 or ( ! ,gr&e ,*>treuse subject 9 ! ,lib] ,/udiorum1 & consid] :e!r any:]e else 9 art y c f9d simil> expressions ( ! law4 ,well2 b y h come to no conclusions 9 ?is *apt] respect+ ! ,beauty ( ,precipices2 & t 0 y\r pr(ess$ bus9ess ) !m4 ,i am n sure t ! idea ( beauty 0 meant 9 g5]al to be v /rictly connect$ ) su* m\nta9 =ms3 "o does n1 in/9ctively1 speak or ?9k ( a ,beautiful ,precipice4 ,!y h1 h[ev]1 _! beauty1 & x is inf9ite2 yet s dep5d5t on help or *ange f o!r ?+s1 on ! way ! p9es cre/ !m1 or ! wat]falls color !m1 or ! cl\ds isolate !m1 t ,i d n *oose to dwell "h on any ( _! p]fect aspects1 z !y _c be reason$ ( by anticipat+ inquiries into o!r mat]ials ( l&scape4 ,?us1 ,i h mu* to say ( ! cliffs ( ,gr9delwald & ! ,*>treuse1 b all s dep5d5t ^u c]ta9 facts belong+ to p9e vegetation1 t ,i am compell$ to def] x to ! next volume2 nor d ,i mu* regret ?is2 because x seems to me t1 )\t any sett+ =?1 or r beyond all sett+ =?1 ! ,alp9e precipices h a fasc9ation ab\t !m :i* is suffici5tly felt by ! spectator 9 g5]al1 & ev5 by ! arti/2 only !y h n be5 prop]ly drawn1 because p d n usually attribute ! magnific5ce ( _! effect to ! trifl+ details :i* really are its elem5ts2 &1 !re=e1 9 common draw+s ( ,swiss sc5]y we see all k9ds ( ef=ts at sublimity by exagg]ation ( ! projection ( ! mass1 or by obscurity1 or blu5ess or a]ial t9t1--by ev]y?+1 9 fact1 except ! "o ne$ful ?+1--pla9 draw+ ( ! rock4 ,!re=e 9 ?is *apt] ,i h endeavor$ to direct ! read] to a sev]e ma!matical e/imate ( precipice outl9e1 & to make him dwell1 n on ! imm$iately pa!tic or impressive aspect ( cliffs1 :i* all m5 feel readily en\gh1 b on _! int]nal /ructure4 ,= he may re/ assur$ t1 z ! ,matt]horn is built ( mica flakes1 s e great pictorial impression 9 sc5]y ( ?is k9d is to be rea*$ by little & little2 ! cliff mu/ be built 9 ! picture z x 0 probably 9 reality--in* by in*2 & ! "w w1 9 ! end1 h mo/ p[] :i* 0 begun ) mo/ pati5ce4 ,no man is fit to pa9t ,swiss sc5]y until he c place himself front to front ) "o ( ^? mighty crags1 9 broad daylight1 ) no effect to aid him1 & "w x out1 boss by boss1 only ) su* conv5tionality z its inf9itude r5d]s unavoidable4 ,we h se5 t a lit]al facsimile is impossible1 j z a lit]al facsimile ( ! c>v+ ( an entire ca!dral front is impossible4 ,b x is z va9 to endeavor to give any conception ( an ,alp9e cliff )\t m9ut5ess ( detail1 & by m]e bread? ( effect1 z x w\ld be to give a conception ( ! faades ( ,r\5 or ,rheims1 )\t indicat+ any /atues or foliation4 ,:5 ! /atues & foliation are once got1 z mu* blue mi/ & ?und]cl\d z y *oose1 b n be=e4 #dc4 ,i comm5d1 !re=e1 9 conclusion1 ! precipice to ! arti/'s pati5ce2 to :i* !re is ?is f>!r & f9al enc\ragem5t1 t1 ?\gh "o ( ! mo/ difficult ( subjects1 x is "o ( ! k9de/ ( sitt]s4 ,a gr\p ( trees *anges ! color ( its leafage f week to week1 & its position f day to day2 x is sometimes languid ) heat1 & sometimes heavy ) ra92 ! torr5t swells or falls 9 %[] or sun2 ! be/ leaves ( ! =egr\nd may be d9$ ^u by cattle1 or trampl$ by unwelcome inve/igators ( ! *os5 sc5e4 ,b ! cliff c nei!r be eat5 nor trampl$ d[n2 nei!r b[$ by ! %[] nor )]$ by ! heat3 x is always ready = u :5 we are incl9$ to labor2 w always wait = u :5 we w\ld re/2 &1 :at is be/ ( all1 w always talk to u :5 we are incl9$ to conv]se4 ,) its own pati5t & victori\s pres5ce1 cleav+ daily ?r\gh cl\d aft] cl\d1 & reappe>+ /ill ?r\gh ! tempe/ drift1 l(ty & s]5e amid/ ! pass+ r5ts ( blue1 x seems p>tly to rebuke1 & p>tly to gu>d1 & p>tly to calm & *a/51 ! agitations ( ! feeble human s\l t wat*es x2 & t mu/ be inde$ a d>k p]plexity1 or a griev\s pa91 :i* w n be 9 "s degree enlight5$ or reliev$ by ! vision ( x1 :5 ! ev5+ %ad[s are blue on its f\ndation1 & ! la/ rays ( ! sunset re/+ 9 ! fair height ( its gold5 ,=titude4 ,,footnotes #hj ,di/+ui%$ f a cre/ by be+ ! face ( a l>ge contigu\s b$ ( rock1 n ! end ( a ridge4 #ha ,! cont\r ( ! :ole cliff1 se5 f ne> its foot z x rises above ! %\ld] ( ! ,brev51 is z at ,fig4 #gf opposite4 ,! "p measur$ is a d2 b ! precipice rec$es to ! summit b1 on :i* a human figure is disc]nible to ! nak$ eye m]ely z a po9t4 ,! bank f :i* ! cliff rises1 c1 rec$es z x falls to ! left2 s t five hundr$ feet may p]haps be an "u-e/imate ( ! height bel[ ! summit4 ,! /raight slop+ l9es are cleavages1 across ! b$s4 ,f9ally1 ,fig4 #d1 ,plate #be1 gives ! look ( ! :ole summit z se5 f ! village ( ,*am\ni b5ea? x1 at a di/ance ( ab\t two miles1 & "s f\r or five ?\s& feet above ! spectator4 ,x appe>s1 !n1 l a n v =midable projection ( crag ov]hang+ ! great slopes ( ! m\nta9's f\ndation4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gf4 #hb ,at an angle ( #gi ) ! horizon4 ,see ! ,table ( angles1 p4 #aha4 ,! l9e a e 9 ,fig4 #cc1 is too /eep1 z well z 9 ! plate "h2 b ! o!r slopes are approximately accurate4 ,i w\ld h made !m q s1 b did n l to alt] ! sket* made on ! spot4 #hc ,pr(essor ,=bes gives ! be>+ ( ! ,c]v9 f ! top ( ! ,riffelhorn z #cea1 or ,n4 #i ,w41 suppos+ local attraction to h caus$ an error ( #fe to ! nor?w>d1 :i* w\ld make ! true be>+ ,n4 #gd ,w4 ,f ! po9t j "u ! ,riffelhorn summit1 e1 9 ,fig4 #gh1 at :i* my draw+ 0 made1 ,i f\nd ! ,c]v9 be> ,n4 #gi ,w4 )\t any all[ance = attraction2 ! di/urb+ influ5ce w\ld seem !re=e conf9$1 or ne>ly s1 to ! summit a4 ,i did n "k at ! "t t !re 0 any su* influ5ce traceable1 & took no be>+ f ! summit4 ,= ! re/1 ,i _c v\* = be>+s z ,i c = angles1 z _! accuracy 0 ( no importance to my "w1 & ,i m]ely not$ !m ) a common pocket compass & 9 ! sailor's way 7,s4 by ,w4 & ,w4 ,c471 :i* involves ! probability ( error ( f two to ?ree degrees on ei!r side ( ! true be>+4 ,! o!r draw+ 9 ,plate #ch 0 made f a po9t only a degree or two to ! we/w>d ( ! village ( ,z]matt4 ,i h no note ( ! be>+2 b x mu/ be ab\t ,s4 #fj or #fe ,w4 #hd ,indep5d5t travell]s may p]haps be glad to "k ! way to ! top ( ! ,riffelhorn4 ,i believe !re is only "o pa?2 :i* asc5ds 7f ! ridge ( ! ,riffel7 on its ea/]n slope1 until1 ne> ! summit1 ! l[ b p]fectly smoo? cliff1 ext5d+ f side to side ( ! ridge1 seems1 z on ! we/]n slope1 to b> all f>!r advance4 ,?is cliff may1 h[ev]1 by a good climb]1 be ma/]$ ev5 at ! s\!rn extremity2 b x is dang]\s !re3 at ! opposite or nor!rn side ( x1 j at its base1 is a little cornice1 ab\t a foot broad1 :i* does n look promis+ at fir/1 b wid5s pres5tly2 & :5 once x is pa/1 !re is no m difficulty 9 rea*+ ! summit4 #he ,i ought be=e to h m5tion$ ,madame de ,g5lis z "o ( ! few writ]s ^: influ5ce 0 always ex]t$ to re/ore to tru?ful feel+s1 & p]suade to simple enjoym5ts & pursuits1 ! p]sons accessible to reason 9 ! frivol\s _w ( h] times4 #hf ,veilles du ,*teau1 vol4 ii4 #hg ,! actual ext5t ( ! projection rema9+ ! same ?r\gh\t1 ! angle ( susp5d$ slope1 = t reason1 dim9i%es z ! cliff increases 9 height4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,result+ ,,=ms3--,,f\r?ly1 ,,banks4 #a4 ,dur+ all our pa/ inve/igations ( hill =m1 we h be5 oblig$ to ref] cont9ually to c]ta9 results produc$ by ! action ( desc5d+ /reams or fall+ /ones4 ,! actual cont\rs assum$ by any m\nta9 range t[>ds its foot dep5d usually m ^u ?is torr5t sculpture ?an on ! orig9al con=mation ( ! masses2 ! exi/+ hill side is commonly an accumulation ( dbris2 ! exi/+ gl5 commonly an excavat$ wat]c\rse2 & x is only "h & !re t portions ( rock1 reta9+ impress ( _! orig9al =m1 jut f ! bank1 or %elve across ! /ream4 #b4 ,n[ ?is sculpture by /reams1 or by gradual wea!r+1 is ! f9i%+ "w by :i* ,nature br+s h] m\nta9 =ms into ! /ate 9 :i* %e int5ds u g5]ally to obs]ve & love !m4 ,! viol5t convulsion or disruption by :i* %e fir/ raises & sep>ates ! masses may frequ5tly be int5d$ to produce impressions ( t]ror r ?an ( beauty2 b ! laws :i* are 9 con/ant op]ation on all noble & endur+ sc5]y mu/ assur$ly be int5d$ to produce results grateful to m54 ,!re=e1 z 9 ?is f9al p5cill+ ( ,nature's we %all probably f9d h] ideas ( m\nta9 beauty mo/ def9itely express$1 x may be well t1 be=e ent]+ on ?is "p ( our subject1 we %\ld recapitulate ! laws respect+ beauty ( =m :i* we arriv$ at 9 ! ab/ract4 #c4 ,glanc+ back to ! f\rte5? & fifte5? p>agraphs ( ! *apt] on ,inf9ity1 9 ! second volume1 & to ! ?ird & t5? ( ! *apt]s on ,unity1 ! read] w f9d t ab/ract beauty ( =m is suppos$ to dep5d on cont9ually v>i$ curvatures ( l9e & surface1 associat$ s z to produce an effect ( "s unity among !mselves1 & oppos$1 9 ord] to give !m value1 by m or less /raight or rugg$ l9es4 ,! read] w1 p]haps1 "h ask :y1 if bo? ! /raight & curv$ l9es are necess>y1 "o %\ld be consid]$ m beautiful ?an ! o!r4 ,exactly z we consid] light beautiful & d>kness ugly1 9 ! ab/ract1 ?\gh bo? are ess5tial to all beauty4 ,d>kness m+l$ ) color gives ! delight ( its dep? or p[]2 ev5 pure blackness1 9 spots or *equ]$ patt]ns1 is (t5 exquisitely delightful2 & yet we d n !re=e consid]1 9 ! ab/ract1 blackness to be beautiful4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ij4 ,j 9 ! same way /raightness m+l$ ) curvature1 t is to say1 ! close approximation ( "p ( any curve to a /raight l9e1 gives to su* curve all its spr+1 p[]1 & nobl5ess3 & ev5 p]fect /raightness1 limit+ curves1 or oppos+ !m1 is (t5 pleasurable3 yet1 9 ! ab/ract1 /raightness is always ugly1 & curvature always beautiful4 ,?us1 9 ! figure at ! side1 ! eye w in/antly pref] ! semicircle to ! /raight l9e2 ! trefoil 7compos$ ( ?ree semicircles7 to ! triangle2 & ! c9qfoil to ! p5tagon4 ,! ma!matician may p]haps feel an opposite pref]5ce2 b he mu/ be consci\s t he does s "u ! influ5ce ( feel+s q diff]5t f ^? ) :i* he w\ld admire 7if he ev] does admire7 a picture or /atue2 & t if he c\ld free himself f ^? associations1 8 judgm5t ( ! relative agreeabl5ess ( ! =ms w\ld be alt]$4 ,he may re/ assur$ t1 by ! natural in/9ct ( ! eye & ?\ght1 ! pref]5ce is giv5 in/antly1 & always1 to ! curv$ =m2 & t no human be+ ( unprejudic$ p]ceptions w\ld desire to sub/itute triangles = ! ord9>y %apes ( clov] leaves1 or p5tagons = ^? ( pot5tillas4 #d4 ,all curvature1 h[ev]1 is n equally agreeable2 b ! exam9ation ( ! laws :i* r5d] "o curve m beautiful ?an ano!r1 w\ld1 if c>ri$ out to any complet5ess1 alone require a volume4 ,! foll[+ few examples w be en\gh to put ! read] 9 ! way ( pursu+ ! subject = himself4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ia4 ,take any numb] ( l9es1 a b1 b c1 c d1 c41 ,fig4 #ia1 be>+ any fix$ proportion to ea* o!r4 ,9 ?is figure1 b c is "o ?ird long] ?an a b1 & c d ?an b c2 & s on4 ,arrange !m 9 succession1 keep+ ! incl9ation1 or angle1 :i* ea* makes ) ! prec$+ "o always ! same4 ,!n a curve drawn ?r\gh ! extremities ( ! l9es w be a beautiful curve2 = x is gov]n$ by consi/5t laws2 e "p ( x is connect$ by ^? laws ) e o!r1 yet e "p is diff]5t f e o!r2 & ! mode ( its con/ruction implies ! possibility ( its cont9uance to inf9ity2 x w\ld nev] return ^u itself ?\gh prolong$ = ev]4 ,^! *>act]s mu/ be possess$ by e p]fectly beautiful curve4 ,if we make ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! compon5t or measur+ l9es less1 z 9 ,fig4 #ib1 9 :i* ea* l9e is long] ?an ! prec$+ "o only by a fif?1 ! curve w be m contract$ & less beautiful4 ,if we enl>ge ! diff]5ce1 z 9 ,fig4 #ic1 9 :i* ea* l9e is d\ble ! prec$+ "o1 ! curve w sugge/ a m rapid proce$+ into inf9ite space1 & w be m beautiful4 ,( two curves1 ! same 9 o!r respects1 t :i* sugge/s ! quicke/ atta9m5t ( inf9ity is always ! mo/ beautiful4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ib4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ic4 #e4 ,^! ?ree curves be+ all gov]n$ by ! same g5]al law1 ) a diff]5ce only 9 dim5sions ( l9es1 toge!r ) all ! o!r curves s con/ructible1 v>i$ z !y may be inf9itely1 ei!r by *ang+ ! l5g?s ( l9e1 or ! incl9ation ( ! l9es to ea* o!r1 are consid]$ by ma!maticians only z "o curve1 hav+ ?is peculi> "* ab\t x1 diff]5t f t ( mo/ o!r inf9ite l9es1 t any portion ( x is a magnifi$ repetition ( ! prec$+ portion2 t is to say1 ! portion betwe5 e & g is precisely :at t betwe5 c & e w\ld look1 if se5 ?r\gh a l5s :i* magnifi$ some:at m ?an twice4 ,!re is !re=e a peculi> equanimity & h>mony ab\t ! look ( l9es ( ?is k9d1 diff]+1 ,i ?9k1 f ! expression ( any o!rs except ! circle4 ,beyond ! po9t a ! curve may be imag9$ to cont9ue to an inf9ite degree ( smallness1 always circl+ ne>] & ne>] to a po9t1 :i*1 h[ev]1 x c nev] rea*4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #id4 #f4 ,aga93 if1 along ! horizontal l9e1 ,a ,b1 ,fig4 #id1 we measure any numb] ( equal di/ances1 ,a b1 b c1 c41 & raise p]p5dicul>s f ! po9ts b1 c1 d1 c41 ( :i* ea* p]p5dicul> %all be long]1 by "s giv5 proportion 79 ?is figure x is "o ?ird71 ?an ! prec$+ "o1 ! curve x y1 trac$ ?r\gh _! extremities1 w cont9ually *ange its direction1 b w advance into space 9 ! direction ( y z long z we cont9ue to measure di/ances along ! l9e ,a ,b1 always incl9+ m & m to ! nature ( a /raight l9e1 yet nev] becom+ "o1 ev5 if cont9u$ to inf9ity4 ,x w\ld1 9 l mann]1 cont9ue to inf9ity 9 ! direction ( x1 always approa*+ ! l9e ,a ,b1 yet nev] t\*+ x4 #g4 ,an inf9ite numb] ( diff]5t l9es1 m or less viol5t 9 curvature accord+ to ! measurem5ts we adopt 9 design+ !m1 are includ$1 or def9$1 by ea* ( ! laws j expla9$4 ,b ! numb] ( ^! laws !mselves is also inf9ite4 ,!re is no limit to ! multitude ( conditions :i* may be inv5t$1 ea* produc+ a gr\p ( curves ( a c]ta9 common nature4 ,"s ( ^! laws1 inde$1 produce s+le curves1 :i*1 l ! circle1 c v>y only 9 size2 b1 = ! mo/ "p1 !y v>y also1 l ! l9es we h j trac$1 9 ! rapidity ( _! curvature4 ,among ^! innum]able l9es1 h[ev]1 !re is "o s\rce ( diff]5ce 9 "* :i* divides !m1 inf9ite z !y are 9 numb]1 into two great classes4 ,! fir/ class consi/s ( ^? :i* are limit$ 9 _! c\rse1 ei!r end+ abruptly1 or return+ to "s po9t f :i* !y set out2 ! second class1 ( ^? l9es ^: nature is to proce$ = ev] into space4 ,any portion ( a circle1 = in/ance1 is1 by ! law ( its be+1 compell$1 if x cont9ue its c\rse1 to return to ! po9t f :i* x set out2 s also any portion ( ! oval curve 7call$ an ellipse71 produc$ by cutt+ a cyl9d] obliquely across4 ,& if a s+le po9t be m>k$ on ! rim ( a c>riage :eel1 ?is po9t1 z ! :eel rolls along ! road1 w trace a curve 9 ! air f "o "p ( ! road to ano!r1 :i* is call$ a cycloid1 & to :i* ! law ( its exi/5ce appo9ts t x %all always foll[ a simil> c\rse1 & be t]m9at$ by ! level l9e on :i* ! :eel rolls4 ,all su* curves are ( inf]ior beauty3 & ! curves :i* are incapable ( be+ completely drawn1 because1 z 9 ! two cases above giv51 ! law ( _! be+ supposes !m to proce$ = ev] into space1 are ( a high] beauty4 #h4 ,?us1 9 ! v fir/ elem5ts ( =m1 a lesson is giv5 u z to ! true s\rce ( ! nobl5ess & *ooseabl5ess ( all ?+s4 ,! two classes ( curves ?us /]nly sep>at$ f ea* o!r1 may mo/ prop]ly be di/+ui%$ z ! ,mortal & ,immortal ,curves2 ! "o hav+ an appo9t$ t]m ( exi/5ce1 ! o!r absolutely incompreh5sible & endless1 only to be se5 or grasp$ dur+ a c]ta9 mom5t ( _! c\rse4 ,& x is f\nd univ]sally t ! class to :i* ! human m9d is atta*$ = its *ief enjoym5t are ! ,endless or ,immortal l9es4 #i4 ,nay1 b ! read] answ]s1 :at "r h y to say t "o class is m beautiful ?an ! o!r8 ,suppose ,i l ! f9ite curves be/1 :o %all say :i* ( u is "r8 ,no "o4 ,x is simply a "q ( exp]i5ce4 ,y w n1 ,i ?9k1 cont9ue to l ! f9ite curves be/ z y contemplate !m c>efully1 & comp>e !m ) ! o!rs4 ,& if y %\ld d s1 x !n yet becomes a "q to be decid$ by long] trial1 or m widely canvass$ op9ion4 ,& :5 we f9d on exam9ation t e =m :i*1 by ! cons5t ( human k9d1 has be5 receiv$ z lovely1 9 vases1 fl[+ ornam5ts1 embroid]ies1 & all o!r ?+s dep5d5t on ab/ract l9e1 is compos$ ( ^! inf9ite curves1 & t ,nature uses !m = e important cont\r1 small or l>ge1 :i* %e desires to recomm5d to human obs]vance1 we %all n1 ,i ?9k1 d\bt t ! pref]5ce ( su* l9es is a sign ( heal?y ta/e1 & true in/9ct4 #aj4 ,i am n sure1 h[ev]1 h[ f> ! delightfulness ( su* l9e1 is ow+1 n m]ely to _! expression ( inf9ity1 b also to t ( re/ra9t or mod]ation4 ,comp>e ,/ones ( ,v5ice1 vol4 iii4 *ap4 i4 #i1 :]e ! subject is ent]$ into at "s l5g?4 ,c]ta9ly ! beauty ( su* curvature is ow+1 9 a consid]able degree1 to bo? expressions2 b :5 ! l9e is %>ply t]m9at$1 p]haps m to t ( mod]ation ?an ( inf9ity4 ,= ! mo/ "p1 g5tle or subdu$ s\nds1 & g5tle or subdu$ colors1 are m pleas+ ?an ei!r 9 _! utmo/ =ce2 nev]!less1 9 all ! noble/ compositions1 ?is utmo/ p[] is p]mitt$1 b only = a %ort "t1 or ov] a small space4 ,music mu/ rise to its utmo/ l\dness1 & fall f x2 color mu/ be gradat$ to its extreme brightness1 & desc5d f x2 & ,i believe t absolutely p]fect treatm5t w\ld1 9 ei!r case1 p]mit ! int5se/ s\nd & pure/ color only = a po9t or = a mom5t4 ,illu/ration3 #db4 ,leaf ,curvature4 ,magnolia & ,laburnum4 ,illu/ration3 #dc4 ,leaf ,curvature4 ,dead ,laurel4 ,illu/ration3 #dd4 ,leaf ,curvature4 ,"y ,ivy4 ,curvature is regulat$ by precisely ! same laws4 ,= ! mo/ "p1 delicate or slight curvature is m agreeable ?an viol5t or rapid curvature2 nev]!less1 9 ! be/ compositions1 viol5t curvature is p]mitt$1 b p]mitt$ only ov] small spaces 9 ! curve4 #aa4 ,! "r l9e is to ! curve :at monotony is to melody1 & :at unv>i$ color is to gradat$ color4 ,& z (t5 ! sweete/ music is s l[ & cont9u\s z to approa* a monotone2 & z (t5 ! sweete/ gradations s delicate & subdu$ z to approa* to flatness1 s ! f9e/ curves are apt to hov] ab\t ! "r l9e1 ne>ly co9cid+ ) x = a long space ( _! curve2 nev] absolutely los+ _! own curvil9e> "*1 b app>5tly e mom5t on ! po9t ( m]g+ into ! "r l9e4 ,:5 ?is is ! case1 ! l9e g5]ally returns into vigor\s curvature at "s "p ( its c\rse1 o!rwise x is apt to be weak1 or slightly rigid2 multitudes ( o!r curves1 n approa*+ ! "r l9e s ne>ly1 rema9 less vigor\sly b5t 9 ! re/ ( _! c\rse2 s t ! quantity#hh ( curvature is ! same 9 bo?1 ?\gh diff]5tly di/ribut$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ie4 #ab4 ,! modes 9 :i* ,nature produces v>iable curves on a l>ge scale are v num]\s1 b may g5]ally be resolv$ into ! gradual increase or dim9ution ( "s giv5 =ce4 ,?us1 if a *a9 hangs betwe5 two po9ts ,a & ,b1 ,fig4 #ie1 ! weight ( *a9 su/a9$ by any giv5 l9k increases gradually f ! c5tral l9k at ,c1 :i* has only its own weight to su/a91 to ! l9k at ,b1 :i* su/a9s1 besides its own1 ! weight ( all ! l9ks betwe5 x & ,c4 ,?is increas$ weight is cont9ually pull+ ! curve ( ! sw++ *a9 m ne>ly /raight z x asc5ds t[>ds ,b2 & h5ce "o ( ! mo/ beautifully gradat$ natural curves--call$ ! cat5>y--( c\rse assum$ n by *a9s only1 b by all flexible & elongat$ sub/ances1 susp5d$ betwe5 two po9ts4 ,if ! po9ts ( susp5sion be ne> ea* o!r1 we h su* curves z at ,d2 & if1 z 9 n9e cases out ( t5 w be ! case1 "o po9t ( susp5sion is l[] ?an ! o!r1 a /ill m v>i$ & beautiful curve is =m$1 z at ,e4 ,su* curves con/itute ne>ly ! :ole beauty ( g5]al cont\r 9 fall+ drap]y1 t5drils & fe/oons ( we$s ov] rocks1 & su* o!r p5d5t objects4#hi #ac4 ,aga94 ,if any object be ca/ into ! air1 ! =ce ) :i* x is ca/ dies gradually away1 & its own weight br+s x d[nw>ds2 at fir/ sl[ly1 !n fa/] & fa/] e mom5t1 9 a curve :i*1 z ! l9e ( fall necess>ily ne>s ! p]p5dicul>1 is cont9ually approximat+ to a /raight l9e4 ,?is curve--call$ ! p>abola--is t ( all project$ or b\nd+ objects4 #ad4 ,aga94 ,if a rod or /ick ( any k9d gradually becomes m sl5d] or m flexible1 & is b5t by any ext]nal =ce1 ! =ce w n only increase 9 effect z ! rod becomes weak]1 b ! rod itself1 once b5t1 w cont9ually yield m will+ly1 & be m easily b5t f>!r 9 ! same direction1 & w ?us %[ a cont9ual increase ( curvature f its ?icke/ or mo/ rigid "p to its extremity4 ,?is k9d ( l9e is t assum$ by b\ghs ( trees "u w9d4 #ae4 ,aga94 ,:5ev] any vital =ce is impress$ on any organic sub/ance1 s z to die gradually away z ! sub/ance ext5ds1 an inf9ite curve is commonly produc$ by its outl9e4 ,?us1 9 ! budd+ ( ! leaf1 already exam9$1 ! gradual dy+ away ( ! exhil>ation ( ! y\ng] ribs produces an inf9ite curve 9 ! outl9e ( ! leaf1 :i* sometimes fades imp]ceptibly into a "r l9e1--sometimes is t]m9at$ %>ply1 by meet+ ! opposite curve at ! po9t ( ! leaf4 #af4 ,nature1 h[ev]1 r>ely condesc5ds to use "o curve only 9 any ( h] f9] =ms4 ,%e almo/ always unites two inf9ite ones1 s z to =m a rev]s$ curve = ea* ma9 l9e1 & !n modulates ea* ( !m into myriads ( m9or ones4 ,9 a s+le elm leaf1 su* z ,fig4 #d1 ,plate #h1 %e uses ?ree su*--"o = ! /alk1 & "o = ea* ( ! sides1--to regulate _! g5]al fl[2 divid+ aft]w>ds ea* ( _! broad lat]al l9es into "s tw5ty less curves by ! jags ( ! leaf1 & !n aga9 into m9or waves4 ,?us1 9 any complicat$ gr\p ( leaves :atev]1 ! inf9ite curves are !mselves almo/ c\ntless4 ,9 a s+le extremity ( a magnolia spray1 ! upp]mo/ figure 9 ,plate #db1 includ+ only sixte5 leaves1 ea* leaf hav+ "s ?ree to five di/9ct curves along its edge1 ! l9es = sep>ate /udy1 includ+ ^? ( ! /ems1 w\ld be betwe5 sixty & eighty4 ,9 a s+le spr+-%oot ( laburnum1 ! l[] figure 9 ! same plate1 ,i leave ! read] to c\nt !m = himself2 all ^!1 obs]ve1 be+ se5 at "o view only1 & e *ange ( position br++ into sight ano!r equally num]\s set ( curves4 ,= in/ance1 9 ,plate #dc is a gr\p ( f\r )]$ leaves1 9 f\r positions1 giv+1 ea*1 a beautiful & well compos$ gr\p ( curves1 v>iable gradually into ! next gr\p z ! bran* is turn$4 #ag4 ,! foll[+ ,plate 7#dd71 repres5t+ a "y %oot ( indep5d5t ivy1 j beg9n+ to ?9k x w\ld l to get some?+ to cl+ to1 %[s ! way 9 :i* ,nature br+s subtle curvature into =ms t at fir/ seem rigid4 ,! /ems ( ! "y leaves look ne>ly /raight1 & ! sides ( ! project+ po9ts1 or ba/ions1 ( ! leaves !mselves ne>ly s2 b on exam9ation x w be f\nd t !re is n a /em nor a leaf-edge b is a portion ( "o inf9ite curve1 if n ( two or ?ree4 ,! ma9 l9e ( ! support+ /em is a v lovely "o2 & ! little half-op5$ leaves1 9 _! ?irte5?-c5tury segm5tal simplicity 7comp>e ,fig4 #i1 ,plate #h 9 ,vol4 ,,iii471 s+ul>ly spirit$ & beautiful4 ,x may1 p]haps1 int]e/ ! g5]al read] to "k t "o ( ! inf9ite curves d]ives its "n f its suppos$ resemblance to ! climb+ ( ivy up a tree4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ig4 #ah4 ,i spoke j n[ ( well-compos$ curves1--,i mean curves s arrang$ z to oppose & set ea* o!r (f1 & yet unit$ by a common law2 = z ! beauty ( e curve dep5ds on ! unity ( its sev]al compon5t l9es1 s ! beauty ( ea* gr\p ( curves dep5ds on _! submission to "s g5]al law4 ,9 =ms :i* quickly attract ! eye1 ! law :i* unites ! curves is di/9ctly manife/2 b1 9 ! ri*] compositions ( ,nature1 cunn+ly conceal$ by delicate infractions ( x2--wilfulnesses !y seem1 & =getfulnesses1 :i*1 if once ! law be p]ceiv$1 only increase our delight 9 x by %[+ t x is "o ( equity1 n ( rigor1 & all[s1 )9 c]ta9 limits1 a k9d ( individual lib]ty4 ,?us ! sy/em ( unison :i* regulates ! magnolia %oot1 9 ,plate #db1 is =mally express$ 9 ,fig4 #ig4 ,e l9e has its orig9 9 ! po9t p1 & ! curves g5]ally dim9i% 9 int5sity t[>ds ! extremities ( ! leaves1 "o or two1 h[ev]1 aga9 increas+ _! sweep ne> ! po9ts4 ,9 vulg> ornam5tation1 entirely rigid laws ( l9e are always obs]v$2 & ! common ,greek honeysuckle & o!r su* =malisms are attractive to un$ucat$ eyes1 ow+ to _! manife/ compliance ) ! fir/ conditions ( unity & symmetry1 be+ to really noble ornam5tation :at ! s+-song ( a bad read] ( poetry1 lay+ regul> emphasis on e requir$ syllable ( e foot1 is to ! v>i$1 irregul>1 unexpect$1 inimitable cad5ce ( ! voice ( a p]son ( s5se & feel+ recit+ ! same l9es1--n incognisant ( ! rhy?m1 b delicately b5d+ x to ! expression ( passion1 & ! natural sequ5ce ( ! ?\ght4 #ai4 ,9 me*anically drawn patt]ns ( dress1 ,alhambra & common ,moori% ornam5t1 ,greek m\ld+s1 common flamboyant trac]ies1 common ,cor9?ian & ,ionic capitals1 & su* o!r "w1 l9es ( ?is decl>$ k9d 7g5]ally to be class$ "u ! head ( dogg]el ornam5tation7 may be se5 9 ri* pr(usion2 & !y are necess>ily ! only k9d ( l9es :i* c be felt or enjoy$ by p]sons :o h be5 educat$ )\t ref]5ce to natural =ms2 _! in/9cts be+ blunt1 & _! eyes actually incapable ( p]ceiv+ ! inflexion ( noble curves4 ,b ! mom5t ! p]ceptions h be5 ref9$ by ref]5ce to natural =m1 ! eye requires p]petual v>iation & transgression ( ! =mal law4 ,take ! simple/ possible condition ( ?irte5?-c5tury scroll-"w1 ,fig4 #ih4 ,! law or cad5ce e/abli%$ is ( a circl+ t5dril1 t]m9at+ 9 an ivy-leaf4 ,9 vulg> design1 ! curves ( ! circl+ t5dril w\ld h be5 simil> to ea* o!r1 & might h be5 drawn by a ma*9e1 or by "s ma!matical =mula4 ,b 9 good design all imitation by ma*9]y is impossible4 ,no curve is l ano!r = an in/ant2 no bran* spr+s at an expect$ po9t4 ,a cad5ce is obs]v$1 z 9 ! return+ clauses ( a beautiful air 9 music2 b e clause has its own *ange1 its own surprises4 ,! enclos+ =m is "h /iff & 7ne>ly7 /raight-sid$1 9 ord] to oppose ! circul> scroll-"w2 b on look+ close x w be f\nd t ea* ( its sides is a portion ( an inf9ite curve1 almo/ too delicate to be trac$2 except ! %ort l[e/ "o1 :i* is made q /raight1 to oppose ! re/4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ih4 ,i give "o m example f ano!r leaf ( ! same manuscript1 ,fig4 #ii1 m]ely to %[ ! v>iety introduc$ by ! old design]s betwe5 page & page4 ,&1 9 g5]al1 ! read] may take x = a settl$ law t1 :atev] c be done by ma*9]y1 or imitat$ by =mula1 is n wor? do+ or imitat+ at all4 #bj4 ,! quantity ( admissible transgression ( law v>ies ) ! degree 9 :i* ! ornam5tation involves or admits imitation ( nature4 ,?us1 if ^! ivy leaves 9 ,fig4 #ii 7 completely drawn 9 light & %ade1 !y w\ld n be prop]ly connect$ ) ! m or less regul> sequ5ces ( ! scroll2 & 9 e subord9ate ornam5t1 some?+ l complete symmetry may be admitt$1 z 9 bead m\ld+s1 *equ]+s1 c4 ,also1 ! ways 9 :i* ! transgression may be grant$ v>y inf9itely2 9 ! f9e/ compositions x is p]petual1 & yet s balanc$ & aton$ = z always to br+ ab\t m beauty ?an if !re _h be5 no transgression4 ,9 a truly f9e m\nta9 or organic l9e1 if x is look$ at 9 detail1 no "o w\ld believe 9 its be+ a cont9u\s curve1 or be+ subject$ to any fix$ law4 ,x seems brok51 & b5d+ a ?\s& ways2 p]fectly free & wild1 & yield+ to e impulse4 ,b1 aft] foll[+ ) ! eye ?ree or f\r ( its impulses1 we %all beg9 to trace "s /range ord] among !m2 e add$ movem5t w make ! rul+ int5t cle>]2 & :5 ! :ole life ( ! l9e is reveal$ at la/1 x w be f\nd to h be51 ?r\gh\t1 z ob$i5t to ! true law ( its c\rse z ! />s 9 _! orbits4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ii4 ,! f\r sy/ems ( m\nta9 l9e4 #ba4 ,?us mu* may suffice = our imm$iate purpose respect+ beautiful l9es 9 g5]al4 ,we h n[ to consid] ! p>ticul> gr\ps ( !m belong+ to m\nta9s4 ,! l9es :i* are produc$ by c\rse ( "t ^u hill cont\rs are ma9ly divisible into f\r sy/ems4 #a4 ,l9es ( ,fall4 ,^? :i* are wr\ght out on ! solid mass by ! fall ( wat] or ( /ones4 #b4 ,l9es ( ,projection4 ,^? :i* are produc$ 9 dbris by ! b\nd+ ( ! masses1 "u ! influ5ce ( _! fall+ =ce4 #c4 ,l9es ( ,escape4 ,^? :i* are produc$ by ! spread+ ( dbris f a giv5 po9t ov] surfaces ( v>i$ %ape4 #d4 ,l9es ( ,re/4 ,^? :i* are assum$ by dbris :5 9 a /ate ( comp>ative p]man5ce & /ability4 #a4 ,l9es ( ,fall4 #a4 ,l9es ( ,fall4 ,produc$ by fall+ bodies ^u hill-surfaces4 ,h[ev] little ! read] may be acqua9t$ ) hills1 ,i believe t1 almo/ in/9ctively1 he w p]ceive t ! =m suppos$ to belong to a wood$ promontory at a1 ,fig4 #ajj1 is an impossible "o2 & t ! =m at b is n only a possible b probable "o4 ,! l9es are equally =mal 9 bo?4 ,b 9 a1 ! curve is a portion ( a circle1 meet+ a level l9e3 9 b x is an inf9ite l9e1 gett+ less & less /eep z x asc5ds4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ajj4 ,:5ev] a mass ( m\nta9 is worn gradually away by =ces desc5d+ f its top1 x necess>ily assumes1 m or less p]fectly1 accord+ to ! "t = :i* x has be5 expos$1 & ! t5d]ness ( its sub/ance1 su* cont\rs z ^? at b1 = ! simple reason t e /ream & e fall+ gra9 ( s& ga9s 9 velocity & erosive p[] z x desc5ds4 ,h5ce1 cutt+ away ! gr\nd gradually fa/] & fa/]1 !y produce ! mo/ rapid curvature 7provid$ ! rock be h>d en\gh7 t[>ds ! bottom ( ! hill4#ij #bb4 ,b f>!r3 9 b x w be notic$ t ! l9es always get /eep] z !y fall m & m to ! "r2 & ,i %\ld ?9k ! read] mu/ feel t !y look m natural1 s drawn1 ?an1 z at a1 9 unv>y+ curves4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aja4 ,?is is no less easily acc\nt$ =4 ,! simple/ typical =m "u :i* a hill c occur is t ( a cone4 ,let ,a ,c ,b1 ,fig4 #aja1 h be5 its orig9al cont\r4 ,!n ! aque\s =ces w cut away ! %ad$ portions1 r$uc+ x to ! outl9e d ,c e4 ,f>!r1 9 do+ s1 ! wat] w c]ta9ly h =m$ = itself gullies or *annels f top to bottom4 ,^!1 suppos+ !m at equal di/ances r\nd ! cone1 w appe>1 9 p]spective1 9 ! l9es g h i4 ,x does n1 ( c\rse1 matt] :e!r we consid] ! l9es 9 ?is figure to repres5t ! bottom ( ! rav9es1 or ! ridges betwe51 bo? be+ =m$ on simil> curves2 b ! r\nd$ l9es 9 ,fig4 #ajj w\ld be ^? ( =e/s se5 on ! edges ( ea* deta*$ ridge4 #bc4 ,n[ al?\gh a m\nta9 is r>ely p]fectly conical1 & nev] divid$ by rav9es at exactly equal di/ances1 ! law :i* is se5 9 entire simplicity 9 ,fig4 #aja1 applies ) a sway m or less int]rupt$1 b always manife/1 to e convex & retir+ m\nta9 =m4 ,all banks t ?us turn away f ! spectator necess>ily are ?r[n into p]spectives l t ( "o side ( ?is figure2 & al?\gh n divid$ ) equality1 _! irregul> divisions cr[d gradually toge!r t[>ds ! di/ant edge1 be+ !n less /eep1 & sep>ate !mselves t[>ds ! body ( ! hill1 be+ !n m /eep4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ajb4 #bd4 ,x foll[s1 also1 t n only ! :ole ( ! ne>] curves1 w be /eep]1 b1 if se5 f bel[1 ! /eepe/ p>ts ( !m w be ! m important4 ,suppos+ ea*1 in/ead ( a curve1 divid$ into a slop+ l9e & a precipit\s "o1 ! p]spective ( ! precipice1 rais+ its top cont9ually1 w give ! :ole cone ! %ape ( a or b 9 ,fig4 #ajb1 9 :i*1 obs]ve1 ! precipice is ( m importance1 & ! slope ( less1 precisely 9 proportion to ! ne>ness ( ! mass4 #be4 ,fig4 #ajb1 !re=e1 w be ! g5]al type ( ! =m ( a convex retir+ hill symmetrically con/ruct$4 ,! precipit\s "p ( x may v>y 9 height or 9 slope accord+ to orig9al con=mation2 b ! heights be+ suppos$ equal along ! :ole flank1 ! cont\rs w be z 9 t figure2 ! v>i\s rise & fall ( real height alt]+ ! p]spective appe>ance accord+ly1 z we %all see pres5tly1 aft] exam9+ ! o!r ?ree k9ds ( l9e4 #b4 ,l9es ( ,projection4 #b4 ,l9es ( ,projection4 ,produc$ by fragm5ts b\nd+ or c>ri$ =w>d f ! bases ( hills4 #bf4 ,! fragm5ts c>ri$ d[n by ! torr5ts f ! flanks ( ! hill are ( c\rse deposit$ at ! base ( x4 ,b !y are deposit$ 9 v>i\s ways1 ( :i* x is mo/ difficult to analyze ! laws2 = !y are ?r[n d[n "u ! influ5ce p>tly ( fl[+ wat]1 p>tly ( _! own gravity1 p>tly ( projectile =ce caus$ by _! fall f ! high] summits ( ! hill2 :ile ! dbris itself1 aft] x has fall51 und]goes f>!r modification by surface /reamlets4 ,b 9 a g5]al way dbris desc5d+ f ! hill side1 a b1 ,fig4 #ajc1 w arrange itself 9 a =m approximat+ to ! concave l9e d c1 ! l>g] masses rema9+ undi/urb$ at ! bottom1 :ile ! small] are gradually c>ri$ f>!r & f>!r by surface /reams4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ajc4 #c4 ,l9es ( ,escape4 #c4 ,l9es ( ,escape4 ,produc$ by ! lat]al dissem9ation ( ! fragm5ts4 #bg4 ,b ?is =m is mu* modifi$ by ! special direction ( ! desc5d+ =ce z x escapes f conf9em5t4 ,= a /ream com+ d[n a rav9e is kept by ! /eep sides ( its *annel 9 conc5trat$ =ce3 b x no soon] rea*es ! bottom1 & escapes f its rav9e1 ?an x spreads 9 all directions1 or at lea/ tries to *oose a new *annel at e flood4 ,let a b c1 ,fig4 #ajd1 be ?ree ridges ( m\nta94 ,! two torr5ts com+ d[n ! rav9e betwe5 !m meet1 at d & e1 ) ! heaps ( gr\nd =m]ly ?r[n d[n by _! own ag5cy4 ,^! heaps be+ m or less 9 ! =m ( cones1 ! torr5t has a t5d5cy to divide ^u _! apex1 l wat] p\r$ on ! top ( a sug>-loaf1 & bran* into ! radiat+ *annels e x1 e y1 c4 ,! /rong] x is1 ! m x is dispos$ to ru% /raight=w>d1 or ) little curvature1 z 9 ! l9e e x1 ) ! impetus x has receiv$ 9 com+ d[n ! rav9e2 ! weak] x is1 ! m readily x w lean to "o side or ! o!r1 & fall away 9 ! l9es ( escape1 e y1 or e h2 b ( c\rse at times ( highe/ flood x fills all its possible *annels1 & inv5ts a few new ones1 ( :i* aft]w>ds ! /raighte/ w be kept by ! ma9 /ream1 & ! lat]al curves occupi$ by small] bran*es2 ! :ole sy/em correspond+ precisely to ! action ( ! ribs ( ! "y leaf1 z %[n 9 ,plate #h ( ,vol4 ,,iii41 especially 9 ,fig4 #f1--! ma9 torr5t1 l ! ma9 rib1 mak+ ! l>ge/ =tune1 i4 e4 rais+ ! highe/ heap ( gravel & du/4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ajd4 #bh4 ,x may easily be imag9$ t :5 ! op]ation takes place on a l>ge scale1 ! mass ( e>? ?us deposit$ 9 a g5tle slope at ! m\nta9's foot becomes available = agricultural purposes1 & t !n x is ( ! greate/ importance to prev5t ! /ream f bran*+ into v>i\s *annels at its w1 & p\r+ fre% s& ov] ! cultivat$ fields4 ,accord+ly1 at ! m\? ( e l>ge rav9e 9 ! ,alps1 :]e ! peasants "k h[ to live & h[ to "w1 ! /ream is artificially embank$1 & compell$ z f> z possible to foll[ ! c5tral l9e d[n ! cone4 ,h5ce1 :5 ! travell] passes along any great valley1--z t ( ! ,rhone or ,arve1--into :i* m9or torr5ts are p\r$ by lat]al rav9es1 he w f9d himself e n[ & !n asc5d+ a hill ( mod]ate slope1 at ! top ( :i* he w cross a torr5t1 or its b$1 & desc5d by ano!r gradual slope to ! usual level ( ! valley4 ,9 e su* case1 8 road has asc5d$ a tongue ( dbris1 & has cross$ ! embank$ torr5t c>ri$ by =ce along its c5tre4 ,"u su* circum/ances1 ! entire tongue or heap ( l& ceases ( c\rse to increase1 until ! b$ ( ! conf9$ torr5t is p>tially *ok$ by its p]petual deposit4 ,!n 9 "s day ( viol5t ra9 ! waves bur/ _! fett]s1 bran* at _! own w1 cov] ! fields ( "s un=tunate f>m] ) /ones & slime1 accord+ to ! torr5t's own idea ( ! new =m :i* x has become "t to give to ! great tongue ( l&1 c>ry away ! road & ! bridge toge!r1 & arrange ev]y?+ to _! own lik+4 ,b ! road is aga9 pa9fully trac$ among ! newly fall5 dbris2 ! embankm5t & bridge aga9 built = ! /ream1 n[ satisfi$ ) its outbreak2 & ! tongue ( l& submitt$ to new processes ( cultivation = a c]ta9 s]ies ( ye>s4 ,:51 h[ev]1 ! torr5t is exce$+ly savage1 & g5]ally ( a republican temp]1 ! outbreaks are too frequ5t & too viol5t to admit ( any cultivation ( ! tongue ( l&4 ,a few /raggl+ ald] or ?orn bu%es1 _! roots buri$ 9 %+le1 & _! l[] bran*es f\l$ ) slime1 alone relieve ) ragg$ spots ( gre5 ! broad wa/e ( /ones & du/4 ,! utmo/ t c be done is to keep ! furi\s /ream f *oos+ a new *annel 9 e "o ( its fits ( passion1 & rema9+ 9 x aft]w>ds1 ?us ext5d+ its deva/ation 9 entirely un=ese5 directions4 ,! l& :i* x has br\ght d[n mu/ be left a p]petual sacrifice to its rage2 b 9 ! mom5t ( its lassitude x is br\ght back to its c5tral c\rse1 & compell$ to =ego = a few weeks or mon?s ! luxury ( deviation4 #bi4 ,on ! o!r h&1 :51 ow+ to ! nature ( ! valley above1 ! /ream is g5tle1 & ! s$im5t :i* x br+s d[n small 9 quantity1 x may be reta9$ = long ye>s 9 its con/ant pa?1 :ile ! sides ( ! bank ( e>? x has borne d[n are clo!d ) pa/ure & =e/1 se5 9 ! di/ance ( ! great valley z a promontory ( sweet v]dure1 along :i* ! c5tral /ream passes ) an influ5ce ( bless+1 submitt+ itself to ! w ( ! husb&man = irrigation1 & ( ! me*ani/ = toil2 n[ n\ri%+ ! pa/ure1 & n[ gr9d+ ! corn1 ( ! l& :i* x has fir/ =m$1 & n[ wat]s4 #cj4 ,i h et*$ above1 ,plate #ce1 a portion ( ! flank ( ! valley ( ,*am\ni1 :i* pres5ts ne>ly e class ( l9e "u discussion1 & w enable ! read] to und]/& _! relations at once4 ,x repres5ts1 z 0 be=e /at$1 ! cre/s ( ! ,montagnes de la ,cte & ,taconay1 %[n f base to summit1 ) ! ,glaci] des ,bossons & its mora9e4 ,! ref]5ce figure giv5 at p4 #bab w enable ! read] to di/+ui% its sev]al ord]s ( curves1 z foll[s3 h r4 ,aque\s curves ( fall1 at ! base ( ! ,tapia2 v *>act]i/ic4 ,simil> curves are se5 9 multitude on ! two cre/s beyond z b c1 c ,b4 d e4 ,fir/ l9es ( projection4 ,! dbris fall+ f ! glaci] & ! heights above4 k1 l1 n4,?ree l9es ( escape4 ,a consid]able torr5t 7"o ( ^: falls is ! well-kn[n ,cascade des ,pl]9s#ia7 desc5ds f beh9d ! promontory h3 its natural or prop] c\rse w\ld be to da% /raight =w>d d[n ! l9e f g1 & "p ( x does s2 b erratic bran*es ( x slide away r\nd ! promontory1 9 ! l9es ( escape1 k1 l1 c4 ,ea* r[ ( trees m>ks1 !re=e1 an old torr5t b$1 = ! torr5t always ?r[s heaps ( /ones up along its banks1 on :i* ! p9es1 gr[+ high] ?an on ! neighbor+ gr\nd1 indicate its c\rse by _! supremacy4 ,:5 ! escap$ /ream is feeble1 x /eals quietly away d[n ! /eepe/ "p ( ! slope2 t is to say1 close "u ! promontory1 at i4 ,if x is /rong]1 ! impetus f ! hill above %oots x f>!r out1 9 ! l9e k2 if /rong] /ill1 at l2 9 ea* case x curves gradually r\nd z x loses its onw>d =ce1 & falls m & m languidly to leew>d1 d[n ! slope ( ! dbris4 r s4 ,a l9e :i*1 p]haps1 w\ld be m prop]ly t]m$ ( limitation ?an ( escape1 be+ t ( ! base or t]m9ation ( ! heap ( torr5t dbris1 :i* 9 %ape corresponds exactly to ! curv$ lip ( a wave1 aft] x has brok51 z x sl[ly /ops ^u a %all[ %ore4 ,)9 ?is l9e ! gr\nd is entirely compos$ ( heaps ( /ones1 cem5t$ by granite du/ & cu%ion$ ) moss1 :ile outside ( x1 all is smoo? pa/ure4 ,! p9es enjoy ! /ony gr\nd p>ticul>ly1 & hold l>ge meet+s ^u x1 b ! ald]s are %y ( x2 &1 :5 x has come to an end1 =m a triumphal procession all r\nd its edge1 foll[+ ! concave l9e4 ,! correspond5t curves above are caus$ by simil> l9es 9 :i* ! dbris has =m]ly /opp$4 ,illu/ration3 #de4 ,dbris ,curvature4 #ca4 ,i f\nd x a matt] ( ! greate/ difficulty to inve/igate ! picturesque *>act]s ( ^! l9es ( projection & escape1 because1 z pres5t$ to ! eye1 !y are always modifi$ by p]spective2 & x is almo/ a physical impossibility to get a true pr(ile ( any ( ! slopes1 !y r\nd & melt s con/antly into "o ano!r4 ,_m ( !m1 r\ghly measur$1 are ne>ly circul> 9 t5d5cy2#ib b ,i believe !y are all portions ( inf9ite curves ei!r modifi$ by ! concealm5t or de/ruction ( ! l[] lips ( dbris1 or by _! junction ) /raight l9es ( slope above1 ?r[+ ! longe/ limb ( ! curve upw>ds4 ,fig4 #a1 9 ,plate #de opposite1 is a simple b complete example f ,*am\ni2 ! v>i\s ov]lapp+ & concave l9es at ! bottom be+ ! limits ( ! mass at v>i\s p]iods1 m or less brok5 aft]w>ds by ! peasants1 ei!r by remov+ /ones = build+1 or ?r[+ !m back at ! edges "h & !re1 out ( ! way ( ! pl\gh2 b ev5 ) all ^! breaks1 _! natural unity is s sweet & p]fect1 t1 if ! read] w turn ! plate upside d[n1 he w see ,i h no difficulty 7m]ely add+ a quill or two7 9 turn+ !m into a bird's w+ 7,fig4 #b71 a little ruffl$ inde$1 b /ill graceful1 & n ( su* a =m z "o w\ld h suppos$ likely to be design$ & drawn1 z inde$ x 01 by ! rage ( a torr5t4 ,b we saw 9 ,*ap4 ,,vii4 #aj t ?is v rage 01 9 fact1 a b5efic5t p[]1--creative1 n de/ructive2 & z all its app>5t cruelty is ov]rul$ by ! law ( love1 s all its app>5t disord] is ov]rul$ by ! law ( lovel9ess3 ! h& ( ,god1 lead+ ! wra? ( ! torr5t to m9i/] to ! life ( mank9d1 guides also its grim surges by ! laws ( _! delight2 & bridles ! b\nd+ rocks1 & appeases ! fly+ foam1 till !y lie d[n 9 ! same l9es t lead =? ! fibres ( ! d[n on a cygnet's brea/4 #cb4 ,! /raight slopes ) :i* ^! curves unite !mselves bel[1 9 ,plate #cc 7f g 9 ref]5ce figure71 are ^? spok5 ( 9 ! outset z l9es ( re/4 ,b ,i def] to ! next *apt] ! exam9ation ( ^!1 :i* are a sep>ate family ( l9es 7n curves at all71 9 ord] to reassemble ! conclusions we h n[ obta9$ respect+ curvature 9 m\nta9s1 & apply !m to que/ions ( art4 ,&1 fir/1 x is ( c\rse n to be suppos$ t ^! symmetrical laws are s manife/ 9 _! op]ation z to =ce !mselves on ! obs]vance ( m5 9 g5]al4 ,!y are int]rupt$1 necess>ily1 by e fanta/ic accid5t 9 ! orig9al con=mation ( ! hills1 :i*1 accord+ to ! h>dness ( _! rocks1 m or less accept or refuse ! au?ority ( g5]al law4 ,/ill1 ! f>!r we ext5d our obs]vance ( hills1 ! m we %all be /ruck by ! cont9ual r\ndness & s(tness :i* x seems ! object ( nature to give to e =m2 s t1 :5 crags look %>p & di/ort$1 x is n s mu* t !y are unr\nd$1 z t ! v>i\s curves are m subtly accommodat$ to ! angles1 & t1 in/ead ( be+ worn into "o sweep+ & smoo? desc5t1 l ! surface ( a knoll or d[n1 ! rock is wr\ght into innum]able m9or undulations1 its own f9e anatomy %[+ ?r\gh all4 ,illu/ration3 ,j4 ,rusk94 ,j4 ,h4 ,le ,keux4 #df4 ,! ,buttresses ( an ,alp4 #cc4 ,p]haps ! m\nta9 :i* ,i h drawn on ! opposite page 7,plate #dfic7 is1 9 its orig9al /]nness ( mass1 & 9 ! complexity ( l9es into :i* x has be5 *isell$1 z *>act]i/ic an in/ance z c\ld be giv5 by way ( g5]al type4 ,x is "o ( no "n or popul> int]e/1 b ( s+ul> importance 9 ! geography ( ,switz]l&1 be+ ! angle buttress ( ! great nor!rn *a9 ( ! ,alps 7! *a9 ( ! ,jungfrau & ,gemmi71 & =m+ ! promontory r\nd :i* ! ,rhone turns to ! nor?-we/1 at ,m>tigny4 ,x is compos$ ( an int5sely h>d gneiss 7slaty cry/all9e71 9 :i* ! plates ( mica are set = ! mo/ "p aga9/ ! angle1 runn+ ne>ly nor? & s\?1 z 9 ,fig4 #aje1 & giv+ ! po9t1 !re=e1 ! utmo/ possible /r5g?1 :i*1 h[ev]1 _c prev5t x f be+ r5t gradually by enorm\s curv$ fissures1 & sep>at$ into huge v]tical flakes & *asms1 j at ! l[] promontory1 z se5 9 ,plate #df1 & 79 plan7 9 ,fig4 #aje4 ,! :ole ( ! upp] surface ( ! promontory is wr\ght by ! old glaci]s into furr[s & /ri m notable ?an any ,i ev] saw 9 ! ,alps4 #cd4 ,n[ obs]ve1 we h "h a piece ( ,nature's "w :i* %e has assur$ly be5 long 9 execut+1 & :i* is 9 peculi>ly firm & /able mat]ial4 ,x is 9 h] be/ rock 7slaty cry/all9e71 at a po9t important = all h] geographical purposes1 & at ! degree ( m\nta9 elevation especially adapt$ to ! obs]vation ( mank9d4 ,we %all !re=e probably asc]ta9 z mu* ( ,nature's m9d ab\t ^! ?+s 9 ?is piece ( "w z %e usually all[s u to see all at once4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aje4 #ce4 ,if ! read] w take a p5cil1 &1 lay+ trac+ pap] ov] ! plate1 foll[ a few ( its l9es1 he w 7unless be=e accu/om$ to accurate m\nta9-draw+7 be soon amaz$ by ! complexity1 endlessness1 & h>mony ( ! curvatures4 ,he w f9d t !re is n "o l9e 9 all t rock :i* is n an inf9ite curve1 & unit$ 9 "s intricate way ) o!rs1 & sugge/+ o!rs unse52 & if x 7 ! reality1 in/ead ( my draw+1 :i* he _h to deal )1 he w\ld f9d ! inf9ity1 9 a little :ile1 altoge!r ov]:elm him4 ,b ev5 9 ?is imp]fect sket*1 z he traces ! multitud9\s involution ( fl[+ l9e1 pass+ f swift to slight curvature1 or slight to swift1 at e in/ant1 he w1 ,i ?9k1 f9d en\gh to conv9ce him ( ! tru? ( :at has be5 advanc$ respect+ ! natural appo9tm5t ( curvature z ! fir/ elem5t ( all lovel9ess 9 =m4 #cf4 ,nay1 b !re are h>d & /raight l9es m+l$ ) ^? curves cont9ually4 ,true1 z we h said s (t51 j z %ade is mix$ ) light4 ,angles & undulations may rise & fl[ cont9ually1 "o ?r\gh or ov] ! o!r2 b ! opposition is 9 quantity ne>ly always ! same1 if ! mass is to be pleasant to ! eye4 ,9 ! example previ\sly giv5 7,plate #dj71 ! lime/one bank above ,vill5euve1 x is manag$ 9 a diff]5t way1 b is equal 9 degree2 ! l[] portion ( ! hill is ( s(t rock 9 ?9 lam92 ! upp] mass is a solid & firm b$1 yet n s h>d z to /& all wea!rs4 ,! l[] portion1 !re=e1 is r\nd$ into almo/ unbrok5 s(tness ( bank2 ! upp] surm\nts x z a rugg$ wall1 & ! opposition ( ! curve & angle is j z complete z 9 ! fir/ example1 9 :i* "o 0 cont9ually m+l$ ) ! o!r4 #cg4 ,next1 note ! quantity 9 ^! hills4 ,x is an elem5t on :i* ,i %all h to insi/ m 9 speak+ ( vegetation2 b ,i mu/ n pass x by1 "h1 s9ce1 9 fact1 x con/itutes "o ( ! ess5tial diff]5ces betwe5 hills ( fir/-rate magnific5ce1 & inf]ior ones4 ,n t !re is want ( quantity ev5 9 ! l[] ranges1 b x is a quantity ( inf]ior ?+s1 & !re=e m easily repres5t$ or sugge/$4 ,on a ,highl& hill side are multitud9\s clu/]s ( f]n & hea!r2 on an ,alp9e "o1 multitud9\s groves ( *e/nut & p9e4 ,! numb] ( ! ?+s may be ! same1 b ! s5se ( inf9ity is 9 ! latt] case f> great]1 because ! numb] is ( nobl] ?+s4 ,inde$1 s f> z m]e magnitude ( space occupi$ on ! field ( ! horizon is ! measure ( objects1 a bank ( e>? t5 feet high may1 if we /oop to ! foot ( x1 be made to occupy j z mu* ( ! sky z t bank ( m\nta9 at ,vill5euve2 nay1 9 _m respects its little rav9es & esc>pm5ts1 wat*$ ) "s help ( imag9ation1 may become v suffici5tly repres5tative to u ( ^? ( ! great m\nta92 & 9 class+ all wat]-worn m\nta9-gr\nd "u ! g5]al & humble t]m ( ,banks1 ,i mean to imply ?is relation%ip ( /ructure betwe5 ! smalle/ em95ces & ! highe/4 ,b 9 ?is matt] ( sup]impos$ quantity ! di/9ctions ( rank are at once fix$4 ,! heap ( e>? be>s its few tufts ( moss or knots ( grass2 ! ,highl& or ,cumb]l& m\nta9 its honey$ hea!rs or sc5t$ f]ns2 b ! mass ( ! bank at ,m>tigny or ,vill5euve has a v9ey>d 9 e cranny ( its rocks1 & a *e/nut grove on e cre/ ( !m4 #ch4 ,?is is no poetical exagg]ation4 ,look close into t plate 7#df74 ,e little circul> /roke 9 x among ! rocks means1 n a clump ( copse nor wrea? ( f]n1 b a walnut tree1 or a ,spani% *e/nut1 fifty or sixty feet high4 ,nor are ! little curves1 ?us significative ( trees1 laid on at r&om4 ,!y are n inde$ c\nt$1 tree by tree1 b !y are mo/ c>efully di/ribut$ 9 ! true proportion & quantity2 or if ,i h err$ at all1 x 01 f m]e fatigue1 on ! side ( sp>+ness4 ,! m9ute m\nds & furr[s scatt]$ up ! side ( t great promontory1 :5 !y are actually approa*$1 aft] ?ree or f\r h\rs' climb+1 turn into indep5d5t hills ) true p>ks ( lovely pa/ure l& enclos$ among !m1 & av5ue aft] av5ue ( *e/nuts1 walnuts1 & p9es b5d+ r\nd _! bases2 :ile 9 ! deep] d+les1 unse5 9 ! draw+1 ne/le popul\s villages1 lit]ally b\nd d[n to ! rock by enorm\s trunks ( v9e1 :i*1 fir/ tra9$ lightly ov] ! loose /one ro(s1 h 9 process ( ye>s ca/ _! fruitful net ov] ! :ole village1 & fa/5$ x to ! gr\nd "u _! purple weight & wayw>d coils1 z securely z ev] human he>t 0 fa/5$ to e>? by ! net ( ! ,flatt]]4 #ci4 ,& x is ?is v ri*ness ( incid5t & detail :i* r5d]s ,switz]l& s little attractive 9 its subjects to ! ord9>y arti/4 ,obs]ve1 ?is /udy ( m9e 9 ,plate #df does n pr(ess to be a picture at all4 ,x is a m]e sket* or catalogue ( all t !re is on ! m\nta9 side1 fai?fully writt5 out1 b no m ?an %\ld be put d[n by any consci5ti\s pa9t] = m]e guidance1 be=e he beg9s 8 "w1 prop]ly s call$2 & 9 f9i%+ su* a subject no trick]y nor %or?& is ( any avail :atsoev]2 !re are a c]ta9 numb] ( trees to be drawn2 & drawn !y mu/ be1 or ! place w n be> its prop] "*4 ,!y are n mi/y wrea?s ( s(t wood sugge/ible by a sweep or two ( ! bru%2 b arrang$ & lovely clu/]s ( trees1 cle> 9 ! m\nta9 sunlight1 ea* specially gr\p$ & z little admitt+ any c>elessness ( treatm5t1 ?\gh five miles di/ant1 z if !y 7 )9 a few y>ds ( u2 ! :ole mean+ & p[] ( ! sc5e be+ involv$ 9 t "o fact ( quantity4 ,x is n l>ge m]ely by multitudes ( tons ( rock1--! numb] ( tons is n measurable2 x is n l>ge by elevation ( angle on ! horizon1--a h\se-ro( ne> u rises high]2 x is n l>ge by fa9tness ( a]ial p]spective1--9 a cle> day x (t5 looks z if we c\ld t\* ! summit ) ! h&4 ,b x is l>ge by ?is "o unescapable fact t1 f ! summit to ! base ( x1 !re are ( timb] trees s _m c\ntable ?\s&s4 ,! sc5e diff]s f subjects n ,swiss by includ+ hundr$s ( o!r sc5es )9 itself1 & is mighty1 n by scale1 b by aggregation4 #dj4 ,& ?is is m especially & humiliat+ly true ( p9e =e/4 ,ne>ly all o!r k9ds ( wood may be r$uc$1 ov] l>ge spaces1 to undetail$ masses2 b !re is no?+ b pati5ce = p9es2 & ?is has be5 "o ( ! pr9cipal reasons :y arti/s call ,switz]l& unpicturesque4 ,!re may p]haps be1 9 ! space ( a ,swiss valley :i* comes into a picture1 f five to t5 millions ( well gr[n p9es4#id ,e "o ( ^! p9es mu/ be drawn be=e ! sc5e c be4 ,& a p9e _c be repres5t$ by a r\nd /roke1 nor by an upright "o1 nor ev5 by an angul> "o2 no conv5tionalism w express a p9e2 x mu/ be legitimately drawn1 ) a light side & a d>k side1 & a s(t gradation f ! top d[nw>ds1 or x does n look l a p9e at all4 ,mo/ arti/s ?9k x n desirable to *oose a subject :i* involves ! draw+ ( t5 millions ( trees2 because1 suppos+ !y c\ld ev5 d f\r or five 9 a m9ute1 & work$ = t5 h\rs a day1 _! picture w\ld /ill take !m t5 ye>s be=e !y _h f9i%$ its p9e =e/s4 ,= ?is1 & o!r simil> reasons1 x is decl>$ usually t ,switz]l& is ugly & unpicturesque2 b t is n s2 x is only t we _c pa9t x4 ,if we c\ld1 x w\ld be z int]e/+ on ! canvas z x is 9 reality2 & a pa9t] ( fruit & fl[]s might j z well call a human figure unpicturesque1 because x 0 to him unmanageable1 z ! ord9>y l&scape-effect pa9t] speak 9 depreciation ( ! ,alps4 #da4 ,x is n probable t any subjects su* z we h j be5 describ+1 involv+ a necessity ( t5 ye>s' labor1 w be execut$ by ! mod]n l&scape s*ool1--at lea/1 until its ,pre-,raphaelitic t5d5cies become mu* m develop$ ?an !y are yet2 nor 0 x desirable t !y %\ld h be5 by ,turn]1 ^: fruitful inv5tion w\ld h be5 unwisely arre/$ = a l5g? ( "t on any s+le subject1 h[ev] beautiful4 ,b ) 8 usual c]ta9ty ( p]ception1 he fa/5$ at once on ?is "* ( quantity1 z ! ?+ to be express$1 9 "o way or ano!r1 9 all gr& m\nta9-draw+2 & ! subjects ( 8 on :i* ,i h *iefly dwelt 9 ! ,fir/ ,volume 7*apt] on ! ,inf]ior ,m\nta9s1 #af1 c47 are di/+ui%$ f ! "w ( o!r pa9t]s 9 no?+ s mu* z 9 ?is r$undance4 ,beautiful z !y are 9 color1 graceful 9 fancy1 p[]ful 9 execution1--9 none ( ^! ?+s d !y /& s mu* alone z 9 pla91 calculable quantity2 he hav+ always on ! av]age tw5ty trees or rocks :]e o!r p h only "o1 & w9n+ 8 victories n m by skill ( g5]al%ip ?an by ov]:elm+ num]ical sup]iority4 #db4 ,i say 8 works are di/+ui%$ 9 ?is m ?an 9 any?+ else1 n because ?is is _! highe/ quality1 b because x is peculi> to !m4 ,inv5tion1 color1 grace ( arrangem5t1 we may f9d 9 ,t9toret & ,v]onese 9 v>i\s manife/ation2 b ! expression ( ! inf9ite r$undance ( natural l&scape _h nev] be5 attempt$ until ,turn]'s "t2 & ! treatm5t ( ! masses ( m\nta9 9 ! ,daphne & ,leucippus1 ,gold5 ,b\gh1 & ,mod]n ,italy1 is :olly )\t precursor%ip 9 art4 ,nor1 obs]ve1 d ,i insi/ ^u ?is quantity m]ely z ari?metical1 or z if x 7 producible by repetition ( simil> ?+s4 ,x w\ld be easy to be r$undant1 if multiplication ( ! same idea con/itut$ fulness2 & s9ce ,turn] fir/ introduc$ ^! types ( l&scape1 myriads ( vulg> imitations ( !m h be5 produc$1 ^: p]petrators h suppos$ !mselves disciples or rivals ( ,turn]1 9 cov]+ _! hills ) :ite dots = =e/1 & _! =egr\nds ) yell[ sp>kl+s = h]bage4 ,b ! ,turn]ian r$undance is nev] monoton\s4 ,( ! ?\s&s ( gr\ps ( t\*es :i*1 ) him1 are necess>y to con/itute a s+le bank ( hill1 n "o b has "s special "*1 & is z mu* a sep>ate inv5tion z ! :ole plan ( ! picture4 ,p]haps ?is may be suffici5tly und]/ood by an att5tive exam9ation ( ! detail introduc$ by him 9 8 ,/4 ,go?>d subject1 z %[n 9 ,plate #cg4 #dc4 ,i d n1 inde$1 "k if ! examples ,i h giv5 f natural sc5es1 ?\gh !y are z *>act]i/ic z ,i c\ld well *oose1 are en\gh to accu/om ! read] to ! "* ( true m\nta9 l9es1 & to enable him to recognize su* l9es 9 o!r in/ances2 b if n1 at all ev5ts !y may s]ve to elucidate ! ma9 po9ts1 & guide to m complete exam9ation ( ! subject1 if x int]e/s him1 among ! hills !mselves4 ,& if1 aft] he has pursu$ ! inquiry long en\gh to feel ! c]titude ( ! laws :i* ,i h be5 endeavor+ to illu/rate1 he turns back aga9 to art1 ,i am well assur$ x w be ) a /range recognition ( unconceiv$ excell5ce1 & a newly quick5$ pleasure 9 ! un=ese5 fidelity1 t he w trace ! p5cill+ ( ,turn] ^u 8 hill draw+s4 ,i d n *oose to sp5d1 9 ?is "w1 ! labor & "t :i* w\ld be necess>y to analyze1 z ,i h done ! draw+ ( ! ,/4 ,go?>d1 any o!r ( ,turn]'s important m\nta9 designs2 = ! read] mu/ feel ! disadvantage !y are "u 9 be+ ei!r r$uc$ 9 scale1 or divid$ into fragm5ts3 & !re=e ^! *apt]s are always to be consid]$ m]ely z memor&a = ref]5ce be=e ! pictures :i* ! read] may h x 9 8 p[] to exam9e4 ,b ?is "o draw+ ( ! ,/4 ,go?>d1 z x has already elucidat$ = u ,turn]'s k ( cre/ /ructure1 w be f\nd no less wond]ful 9 ! fulness ) :i* x illu/rates 8 p]ception ( ! l[] aque\s & o!r curvatures4 ,if ! read] w look back to ! et*+ ( ! entire subject1 ,plate #ba1 he w n[ disc]n1 ,i believe1 )\t ! necessity ( my lett]+ !m = him1 ! l9es ( fall1 r\nd$ d[n f ! cre/s until !y plunge into ! ov]hang+ precipices2 ! l9es ( projection1 :]e ! fall5 /ones ext5d ! long concave sweep f ! c\loir1 pu%+ ! torr5t aga9/ ! bank on ! o!r side2 9 ! op5+ ( ! rav9e he w p]ceive ! oblique & p>allel incl9ation ( its sides1 foll[+ ! cleavage ( ! b$s 9 ! diagonal l9e ,a ,b ( ! ref]5ce figure2 &1 f9ally1 9 ! great slope & precipice on ! "r ( x1 he w recognize "o ( ! gr&e/ types ( ! peculi> m\nta9 mass :i* ,turn] always *ose by pref]5ce to illu/rate1 ! slope above wall ( d 9 ,fig4 #ac1 p4 #adh2 comp>e also ! la/ *apt]1 #bf1 #bg4 ,x w be se51 by ref]5ce to my sket* ( ! spot1 ,plate #bj1 t ?is con=mation does actually exi/ !re ) great def9it5ess3 ,turn] has only enl>g$ & ?r[n x into m num]\s alt]nations ( light & %ade4 ,z ^! c\ld n be %[n 9 ! et*+1 ,i h giv51 9 ! frontispiece1 ?is passage ne>ly ( its real size3 ! exquisite greys & blues by :i* ,turn] has r\nd$ & ?r[n x back are necess>ily lo/ 9 ! plate2 b ! gr&eur ( 8 simple cliff & s(t curves ( slop+ bank above is 9 "s degree r5d]$4 ,we mu/ yet dwell = a mom5t on ! detail ( ! rocks on ! left 9 ,plate #cg1 z !y approa* ne>] ! eye1 turn+ at ! same "t f ! light4 ,x co/ me tr\ble to et* ?is passage1 & yet half its ref9em5ts are /ill miss$2 = ,turn] has put 8 :ole /r5g? into x1 & wr\ght out ! curv+ ( ! gneiss b$s ) a subtlety :i* c\ld n be at all approa*$ 9 ! "t ,i _h to sp>e = ?is plate4 ,en\gh1 h[ev]1 is express$ to illu/rate ! po9ts 9 "q4 #dd4 ,we h fir/1 obs]ve1 a r\nd$ bank1 brok51 at its edges1 into cleavages by incl9$ b$s4 ,i ?\ght x w\ld be well1 le/ ! read] %\ld ?9k ,i dwelt too mu* on ?is p>ticul> sc5e1 to give an in/ance ( simil> /ructure f ano!r spot2 & !re=e ,i dagu]reotyp$ ! cleavages ( a slope ( gneiss j above ! ,cascade des ,pl]9s1 ,*am\ni1 correspond+ 9 position to ?is bank ( ,turn]'s4 ,plate #dh 7fac+ p4 #cjc71 copi$ by ,mr4 ,armytage f ! dagu]reotype1 repres5ts1 necess>ily 9 a q unprejudic$ & imp>tial way1 ! /ructure at pres5t 9 "q2 & ! read] may =m a suffici5t idea1 f ?is plate1 ( ! complexity ( desc5d+ curve & foliat$ r5t1 9 ev5 a small piece ( m\nta9 =egr\nd1#ie :]e ! gneiss b$s are tol]ably cont9u\s4 ,b ,turn] _h to add to su* g5]al complexity ! expression ( a m ?an ord9>y undulation 9 ! b$s ( ! ,/4 ,go?>d gneiss4 #de4 ,if ! read] w look back to ,*apt] ,,ii4 #ac1 he w f9d x /at$ t ?is sc5e is approa*$ out ( ! defile ( ,dazio ,gr&e1 ( :i* ! impression 0 /ill /rong on ,turn]'s m9d1 & :]e only he c\ld see1 close at h&1 ! nature ( ! rocks 9 a good section4 ,x mo/ luckily happ5s t ,de ,saussure 0 int]e/$ by ! rocks at ! same spot1 & has giv5 ! foll[+ acc\nt ( !m1 ,voyages1 #ahja1 #ahjb3-- une lieue de ,fad1 l'on passe le ,ts9 p\r le repass] bi5tt aprs see ! old bridge 9 ,turn]'s view1 c>ri$ away 9 m9e1 et l'on tr\ve sur sa rive droite des c\*es d'une ro*e feuillete1 qui mont5t du ,ct du ,nord4 ,on voit clairem5t que depuis que les granits ve9s ont t remplacs p> des pi]res mo9s solides1 tantt les ro*]s se sont b\ls et ont t rec\v]ts p> la t]re vgtale1 tantt leur situation primitive a subi des *angem5ts irrguli]s4 #ahjb4 ,mais bi5tt aprs1 on monte p> un *em9 en corni*e au dessus du ,ts91 qui se prcipite entre des ro*]s avec la plus gr&e viol5ce4 ,ces ro*]s sont l si s]rs1 qu'il n'y a de place que p\r la rivire et p\r le *em91 et mme en quelques endroits1 celui-ci e/ entirem5t pris sur le roc4 ,je fis pi$ cette monte1 p\r exam9] avec so9 ces beaux ro*]s1 dignes de t\te l'att5tion d'un amateur4 ,les ve9s de ce granit =m5t en plusieurs endroits des zigzags r$\bls1 prcism5t comme ces anci5nes tapiss]ies1 connues s\s le nom de po9ts d',hongrie2 et l1 on ne peut pas prononc]1 si les ve9s de la pi]re1 sont ou ne sont pas p>allles ses c\*es4 ,cep5dant ces ve9s repr5n5t aussi dans quelques places1 une direction con/ante1 et cette direction e/ bi5 la mme que celle des c\*es4 ,il p>ot mme qu'en div]s endroits1 o ces ve9s ont la =me d'un sigma ou d'une ,m c\*e ,m1 ce sont les gr&es jambes du sigma1 qui ont la direction des c\*es4 ,enf91 j'obs]vai plusieurs c\*es1 qui dans le milieu de leur paisseur p>oissoi5t remplies de ces ve9s en zigzag1 t&is qu'auprs de leurs bords1 on les voyoit t\tes en lignes droites4 #df4 ,if ! read] w n[ exam9e ,turn]'s "w at ! po9t x 9 ! ref]5ce figure1 & aga9 on ! /ones 9 ! =egr\nd1 comp>+ x f9ally ) ! fragm5t ( ! rocks :i* happ5$ =tunately to come into my =egr\nd 9 ,plate #bj1 ris+ t[>ds ! left1 & ( :i* ,i h et*$ ! /ructure ) "s c>e1 ?\gh at ! "t ,i _h q =gott5 ,saussure's notice ( ! peculi> ,m-%ap$ zigzags ( ! gneiss at ! spot1 ,i believe he w h en\gh evid5ce be=e him1 tak5 all 9 all1 to conv9ce him ( ,turn]'s inevitable p]ception1 & ( ! entire supremacy ( 8 m\nta9 draw+ ov] all t _h previ\sly exi/$4 ,& if he is able to ref]1 ev5 to ! engrav+s 7?\gh ,i desire always t :at ,i /ate %\ld be te/$ by ! draw+s only7 ( any o!rs ( 8 elaborate hill-subjects1 & w exam9e _! details ) c>eful ref]5ce to ! laws expla9$ 9 ?is *apt]1 he w f9d t ! ,turn]ian promontories & banks are always simply "r1 & t 9 all respects2 t _! gradat$ curvatures1 & nodd+ cliffs1 & r$undant sequ5ce ( fold$ gl5 & fea!ry glade1 are1 9 all _! seem+ly fanciful beauty1 lit]ally ! mo/ d[nright pla9 speak+ t has z yet be5 utt]$ ab\t hills2 & diff] f all antec$5t "w1 n 9 be+ ideal1 b 9 be+1 s to speak1 pictorial ca/s ( ! gr\nd4 ,su* a draw+ z t ( ! ,york%ire ,ri*mond1 look+ d[n ! riv]1 9 ! ,engl& ,s]ies1 is ev5 bett] ?an a model ( ! gr\nd1 because x gives ! a]ial p]spective1 & is bett] ?an a photograph ( ! gr\nd1 because x exagg]ates no %ad[s1 :ile x unites ! v]acities bo? ( model & photograph4 #dg4 ,nor let x be ?\ght t x 0 an easy or cr$itable ?+ to treat m\nta9 gr\nd ) ?is fai?fulness 9 ! days :5 ,turn] execut$ ^? draw+s4 ,9 ! ,encyclopdia ,britannica 7,ed9burgh1 #agig71 "u article ,draw+1 ! foll[+ are ! directions giv5 = ! production ( a l&scape3-- ,if he is to draw a l&scape f nature1 let him take 8 /ation on a ris+ gr\nd1 :]e he w h a l>ge horizon1 & m>k 8 tablet into ?ree divisions1 d[nw>ds f top to ! bottom2 & divide 9 8 own m9d ! l&scape he is to take into ?ree divisions also4 ,!n let him turn 8 face directly opposite to ! mid/ ( ! horizon1 keep+ 8 body fix$1 & draw :at is directly be=e 8 eyes ^u ! middle division ( ! tablet3 !n turn 8 head1 b n 8 body1#if to ! left h& & del9eate :at he views !re1 jo9+ x prop]ly to :at he _h done be=e2 &1 la/ly1 d ! same by :at is to be se5 ^u 8 "r h&1 lay+ d[n ev]y?+ exactly1 bo? ) respect to di/ance & proportion4 ,"o example is giv5 9 plate clxviii4 ,! be/ arti/s ( late1 9 draw+ _! l&scapes1 make !m %oot away1 "o "p l[] ?an ano!r4 ,^? :o make _! l&scapes m\nt up high] & high]1 z if !y /ood at ! bottom ( a hill to take ! prospect1 commit a great error2 ! be/ way is to get ^u a ris+ gr\nd1 make ! ne>e/ objects 9 ! piece ! highe/1 & ^? t are f>!r (f to %oot away l[] & l[] till !y come almo/ level ) ! l9e ( ! horizon1 less5+ ev]y?+ proportionably to its di/ance1 & obs]v+ also to make ! objects fa9t] & less di/9ct ! f>!r !y are remov$ f ! eye4 ,he mu/ make all 8 lights & %ades fall "o way1 & let e ?+ h its prop] motion3 z trees %ak5 by ! w9d1 ! small b\ghs b5d+ m & ! l>ge ones less2 wat] agitat$ by ! w9d1 & da%+ aga9/ %ips or boats1 or fall+ f a precipice ^u rocks & /ones1 & spirt+ up aga9 into ! air1 & spr9kl+ all ab\t2 cl\ds also 9 ! air n[ ga!r$ ) ! w9ds2 n[ viol5tly cond5s$ into hail1 ra91 & ! l1--always rememb]+1 t :atev] motions are caus$ by ! w9d mu/ be made all to move ! same way1 because ! w9d c bl[ b "o way at once4 ,su* 0 ! /ate ( ! public m9d1 & ( public in/ruction1 at ! "t :5 ,claude1 ,p\ss91 & ,salvator 7 9 ! z5i? ( _! reputation2 su* 7 ! precepts :i*1 ev5 to ! close ( ! c5tury1 x 0 necess>y = a "y pa9t] to comply ) dur+ ! be/ "p ( ! ye>s he gave to /udy4 ,take up "o ( ,turn]'s views ( our ,york%ire dells1 se5 f ab\t a hawk's height ( pause above ! sweep ( its riv]1 & ) x 9 y\r h&1 side by side ) ! old ,encyclopdia p>agraph1 consid] :at mu/ h be5 ! man's /r5g?1 :o1 on a sudd51 pass$ f su* precept to su* practice4 #dh4 ,on a sudd5 x 02 =1 ev5 yet a y\?1 & reta9+ pr(\nd respect = all old] arti/'s ways ( "w1 he foll[$ 8 own w fe>lessly 9 *oice ( sc5e2 & already 9 ! e>lie/ ( 8 coa/ draw+s !re are z d>+ & /range decisions t\*+ ! site ( ! spectator z 9 8 late/ works2 look+s d[n & up into coves & cl\ds1 z defiant ( all =m] !ories t\*+ possible p]spective1 or graceful compon5ce ( subject1 z1 a few ye>s lat]1 8 sy/em ( color 0 ( ! !ory ( ! br[n tree4 ,nor 0 ! /ep rem>kable m]ely = its magnitude1--= ! am\nt ( progress made 9 a few ye>s4 ,x 0 mu* m notable by its direction4 ,! discov]y ( ! true /ructure ( hill banks _h to be made by ,turn]1 n m]ely 9 advance ( ! m5 ( 8 day1 b 9 contradiction to !m4 ,exam9e ! works ( contempor>y & prec$+ l&scapi/s1 & x w be f\nd t ! univ]sal practice is to make ! tops ( all cliffs brok5 & rugg$1 _! bases smoo? & s(t1 or conceal$ ) wood4 ,no "o _h ev] obs]v$ ! contr>y /ructure1 ! bank r\nd$ at ! top1 & brok5 on ! flank4 ,& yet all ! hills ( any importance :i* are met ) ?r\gh\t ,l[l& ,europe are1 prop]ly speak+1 high banks1 = ! mo/ "p foll[+ ! c\rses ( riv]s1 & =m+ a /ep f ! high gr\nd1 ( :i* ! c\ntry g5]ally consi/s1 to ! riv] level4 ,?us almo/ ! :ole ( ,france1 ?\gh1 on ! face ( x1 flat1 is rais$ f #cjj to #ejj feet above ! level ( ! sea1 & is trav]s$ by valleys ei!r =m$ by1 or direct+1 ! c\rse ( its great riv]s4 ,9 ^! valleys lie all its pr9cipal t[ns1 surr\nd$1 almo/ )\t exception1 by ranges ( hills cov]$ ) wood or v9ey>d4 ,asc5d+ ^! hills1 we f9d ourselves at once 9 an elevat$ pla91 cov]$ ) corn & l9es ( apple trees1 ext5d+ to ! next riv] side1 :]e we come to ! br[ ( ano!r hill1 & desc5d to ! city & valley b5ea? x4 ,our own valleys 9 ,nor?umb]l&1 ,york%ire1 ,d]by%ire1 & ,devon%ire1 are cut 9 ! same mann] ?r\gh va/ ext5ts ( elevat$ l&2 ! sc5]y :i* int]e/s ! travell] *iefly1 z he passes ?r\gh ev5 ! mo/ brok5 p>ts ( ^? c\nties1 be+ simply t ( ! high banks :i* rise f ! %ores ( ! ,d>t or ! ,d]w5t1 ! ,:>fe or ! ,tees4 ,9 all cases1 :5 ^! banks are surm\nt$1 ! s5sation is "o ( disappo9tm5t1 z ! adv5tur] f9ds himself1 ! mom5t he has left ! edge ( ! rav9e1 9 a wa/e ( s(tly undulat+ moor or arable l&1 h>dly des]v+ ! title ( hill c\ntry4 ,z we advance into ! upp] di/ricts ! fact rema9s /ill ! same1 al?\gh ! banks to be climb$ are high]1 ! rav9es gr&]1 & ! int]m$iate l& m brok54 ,! maje/y ( an isolat$ peak is /ill comp>atively r>e1 & ne>ly all ! mo/ int]e/+ pieces ( sc5]y are gl5s or passes1 :i*1 if se5 f a height great en\gh to comm& !m 9 all _! relations1 w\ld be f\nd 9 reality little m ?an tr5*es excavat$ ?r\gh broad masses ( elevat$ l&1 & exp&+ at int]vals into ! wide bas9s :i* are occupi$ by ! glitt]+ lake or smil+ pla94 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ajf4 ,illu/ration3 ,j4 ,rusk94 ,j4 ,h4 ,le ,keux4 #dg4 ,! ,qu>ries ( ,c>r>a4 #di4 ,all ^! facts _h be5 entirely ignor$ by arti/s2 nay1 almo/ by geologi/s1 be=e ,turn]'s "t4 ,he saw !m at once2 fa?om$ !m to ! utt]mo/1 &1 p>tly ow+ to e>ly association1 p>tly1 p]haps1 to ! natural pleasure ( work+ a new m9e discov]$ by himself1 devot$ 8 be/ p[]s to _! illu/ration1 pass+ by ) some:at less att5tion ! conditions ( brok5-summit$ rock1 :i* _h previ\sly be5 ! only ones kn[n4 ,& if we n[ look back to 8 treatm5t ( ! cre/ ( ,mont ,pilate1 9 ! figure giv5 at ! close ( ! la/ *apt]1 we %all und]/& bett] ! nature & /r5g? ( ! in/9ct :i* compell$ him to sacrifice ! peak$ summit1 & to br+ ! :ole m\nta9 )9 a l[] enclos+ l9e4 ,9 t figure1 h[ev]1 ! dott$ peak int]f]es ) ! p]ception ( ! =m f9ally det]m9$ ^u1 :i* !re=e ,i repeat "h 7,fig4 #ajf71 z ,turn] gave x 9 color4 ,! eye may n at fir/ detect ! law ( asc5t 9 ! peaks1 b if ! height ( any "o ( !m 7 alt]$1 ! g5]al =m w\ld in/antly be p]ceiv$ to be less agreeable4 ,fig4 #ajg %[s t !y are dispos$ )9 an inf9ite curve1 ,a c1 f :i* ! la/ crag falls a little to conceal ! law1 :ile ! t]m9al l9e at ! o!r extremity1 ,a b1 is a m9or e*o ( ! :ole cont\r4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ajg4 #ej4 ,i mu/ pause to make "o exception to my g5]al /atem5t t ?is /ructure _h be5 entirely ignor$4 ,! read] 01 p]haps1 surpris$ by ! importance ,i atta*$ to ! fragm5t ( m\nta9 backgr\nd by ,masaccio1 giv5 9 ,plate #ac ( ! ?ird volume4 ,if he looks back to x n[1 8 surprise w be less4 ,x 0 a complete recognition ( ! laws ( ! l9es ( aque\s sculpture1 ass]t$ z ,turn]'s 01 9 ! bolde/ opposition to ! pr9ciples ( rock draw+ ( ! "t4 ,x pres5ts ev5 smoo!r & broad] masses ?an any :i* ,i h %[n z types ( hill =m2 b x mu/ be rememb]$ t ,masaccio _h se5 only ! s(t] cont\rs ( ! ,ap5n9e lime/one4 ,i h no memor&um by me ( ! hill l9es ne> ,flor5ce2 b ,plate #dg %[s ! developm5t ( lime/one /ructure1 at a spot :i* has1 ,i ?9k1 ! be/ "r to be giv5 z an example ( ! ,italian hills1 ! head ( ! valley ( ,c>r>a4 ,! :ite sc> on ! hill side is ! pr9cipal qu>ry2 & ! peaks above des]ve obs]vation1 n s mu* = any?+ 9 _! =ms1 z = ! s+ul> b>r5ness :i* 0 not$ 9 ! fifte5? *apt] ( ! la/ volume 7 #h7 z too (t5 occurr+ 9 ! ,ap5n9es4 ,comp>e ?is plate ) ! previ\s "o4 ,! peak drawn 9 ,plate #df rises at lea/ #gejj feet above ! sea1--yet is wood$ to its top2 ?is ,c>r>a crag n above #ejjj1ig--yet x is :olly b>r54 #ea4 ,masaccio1 h[ev]1 z we saw1 0 tak5 away by dea? be=e he c\ld give any "o ( 8 ?\ghts complete expression4 ,turn] 0 sp>$ to d 8 "w1 9 ?is respect at lea/1 completely4 ,x might be ?\ght t1 hav+ _h su* adv]se influ5ce to /ruggle )1 he w\ld prevail aga9/ x b 9 "p2 &1 ?\gh %[+ ! way to mu* t 0 new1 reta9 ( necessity "s old prejudices1 & leave 8 successors to pursue 9 pur] lib]ty1 & ) happi] p[]1 ! pa? he _h po9t$ out4 ,b x 0 n s3 he did ! "w s completely on ! gr\nd :i* he *ose to illu/rate1 t no?+ is left = future arti/s to accompli% 9 t k9d4 ,"s classes ( sc5]y1 z (t5 po9t$ out 9 ! prec$+ pages1 he 0 unfamili> )1 or held 9 little affection1 & out ( t sc5]y1 unt\*$ by him1 new motives may be obta9$2 b ( su* l&scape z 8 favorite ,york%ire ,wolds1 & banks ( ,rh5i% & ,fr5* hill1 & rocky m\nta9s ( ,switz]l&1 l ! ,/4 ,go?>d1 already s long dwelt ^u1 he has express$ ! p[] 9 :at ,i believe to be = ev] a c5tral & unmat*able way4 ,i d n say ?is ) positiv5ess1 because x is n demon/rable4 ,turn] may be beat5 on 8 own gr\nd--s may ,t9toret1 s may ,%akespe>e1 ,dante1 or ,hom]3 b my belief is t all ^! fir/-rate m5 are lonely m52 t ! p>ticul> "w !y did 0 by !m done = ev] 9 ! be/ way2 & t ?is "w done by ,turn] among ! hills1 jo9+ ! mo/ int5se appreciation ( all t5d]ness ) delight 9 all magnitude1 & memory = all detail1 is nev] to be rivall$1 or look$ ^u 9 similitude aga94 ,,footnotes #hh ,quantity ( curvature is z measurable z quantity ( any?+ else2 only obs]ve t x dep5ds on ! nature ( ! l9e1 n on its magnitude2 ?us1 9 simple circul> curvature1 a b1 ,fig4 #if1 be+ ! f\r? ( a l>ge circle1 & b c ! half ( a small] "o1 ! quantity ( ! elem5t ( circul> curvature 9 ! entire l9e a c is ?ree f\r?s ( t 9 any circle1--! ! same z ! quantity 9 ! l9e e f4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig #if4 #hi ,! cat5>y is n prop]ly a curve capable ( inf9ity1 if its direction does n alt] ) its l5g?2 b x is capable ( inf9ity1 imply+ su* alt]ation by ! inf9ite removal ( ! po9ts ( susp5sion4 ,x entirely corresponds 9 its effect on ! eye & m9d to ! inf9ite curves4 ,i d n "k ! exact nature ( ! app>5t curves ( susp5sion =m$ by a high & weighty wat]fall2 !y are dep5d5t on ! ga9 9 rapidity ( desc5t by ! c5tral curr5t1 :]e its great] body is less arre/$ by ! air2 & ,i appreh5d1 are cat5>y 9 "*1 ?\gh n 9 cause4 #ij ,i am afraid ( becom+ tiresome by go+ too f> into ! intricacies ( ?is mo/ difficult subject2 b ,i say t[>ds ! bottom ( ! hill1 because1 :5 a c]ta9 degree ( v]ticality is rea*$1 a c\nt] protective influ5ce beg9s to e/abli% itself1 ! /ones & wat]falls b\nd+ away f ! br[ ( ! precipice into ! air1 & we>+ x at ! top only4 ,also x is evid5t t :5 ! curvature falls into a v]tical cliff1 z (t5 happ5s1 ! maximum ( curvature mu/ be some:]e above ! br[ ( ! cliff1 z 9 ! cliff itself x has aga9 di$ into a /raight l9e4 #ia ,! foll[+ extract f my private di>y1 giv+ an acc\nt ( ! de/ruction ( ! beauty ( ?is wat]fall 9 ! ye> #ahdi1 :i* ,i happ5$ to witness1 may be int]e/+ to ^? travell]s :o rememb] x be=e t p]iod4 ,! h\se spok5 ( z ,joseph's1 is t ( ! guide ,joseph ,c\tet1 9 a village ab\t a mile bel[ ! cascade1 betwe5 x & ! ,arve3 t notic$ z ( ! old avalan*e is a holl[ 9 ! =e/1 cleft by a great avalan*e :i* fell f ! ,aiguille du ,midi 9 ! spr+ ( #ahdd4 ,x /ruck d[n ab\t a ?\s& full-gr[n p9es1 & left an op5 track 9 ! mid/ ( ! wood1 f ! cascade ne>ly d[n to ! village4 ,ev5+1 ,?ursday1 ,june #bh?4 ,i set out = ! ,cascade des ,pl]9s z usual2 :5 we rea*$ ,joseph's h\se1 we he>d a s\nd f ! torr5t l l[ ?und]1 or l t ( a m di/ant & heavi] fall4 ,a peasant said some?+ to ,joseph1 :o /opp$ to li/51 !n nodd$1 & said to me1 ',la cascade vi5t de se dbord]4' ,?9k+ !re w\ld be "t en\gh aft]w>ds to ask = explanations1 ,i pu%$ up ! hill almo/ )\t ask+ a "q4 ,:5 we rea*$ ! place ( ! old avalan*e1 ,joseph call$ to me to /op & see ! torr5t increase4 ,!re 0 at ?is "t a d>k cl\d on ! ,aiguille du ,midi1 d[n to its base2 ! upp] "p ( ! torr5t 0 br[n1 ! l[] :ite1 n l>g] ?an usual4 ,! br[n "p came d[n1 ,i ?\ght1 ) exce$+ sl[ness1 rea*+ ! cascade gradually2 z x did s1 ! fall rose to ab\t once & a half its usual height1 & 9 ! five m9utes' "t t ,i paus$ 7x c\ld n be m7 turn$ to ! color ( slate4 ,i !n pu%$ on z h>d z ,i c\ld4 ,:5 ,i rea*$ ! la/ asc5t ,i 0 oblig$ to /op = brea?1 b got up be=e ! fall c\ld s5sibly h dim9i%$ 9 body ( wat]4 ,x 0 !n ne>ly twice z f> ca/ out f ! rock z la/ night1 & ! wat] ne>ly black 9 color2 & x _h ! appe>ance1 z x broke & sep>at$ at ! out] "p ( ! fall1 ( a %[] ( fragm5ts ( flat slate4 ,! reason ( ?is appe>ance ,i c\ld n compreh5d1 unless ! wat] 0 s mix$ ) mud t x drew out flat & unctu\sly :5 x broke2 b s x 03 in/ead ( spray x look$ l a %[] ( dirty flat bits ( slate--only ) a lu/re1 z if !y _h be5 wet fir/4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 0 ! lea/ ( x1 = ! torr5t c>ri$ ) x ne>ly z mu* weight ( /one z wat]2 ! /ones v>y+ 9 size1 ! av]age be+1 ,i suppose1 ab\t t ( a h5's egg2 b ,i d n suppose t at any in/ant ! ar* ( wat] 0 )\t f\r or five z l>ge z a man's fi/1 & (t5 came l>g] ones1--all vomit$ =? ) ! explosive p[] ( a small volcano1 & fall+ 9 a cont9ual %[] z ?ick1 con/ant1 &1 _h x n be5 mix$ ) ! cra% ( ! fall1 z l\d z a heavy fire ( infantry2 !y b\nd$ & leap$ 9 ! bas9 ( ! fall l hail/ones 9 a ?und]-%[]4 ,z we wat*$ ! fall x seem$ convulsively to dim9i%1 & sudd5ly %[$1 z x %ort5$1 ! rock und]nea? x1 :i* ,i c\ld h>dly see ye/]day3 z ,i cri$ out to ,joseph x rose aga91 high] ?an ev]1 & cont9u$ to rise1 till x all b rea*$ ! sn[ on ! rock opposite4 ,x !n became v fanta/ic & v>iable1 increas+ & dim9i%+ 9 ! space ( two or ?ree seconds1 & p>tially *ang+ its direction4 ,aft] wat*+ x = half an h\r or s1 ,i det]m9$ to try & make "s memor&a4 ,c\tet br\ght me up a jug ( wat]3 ,i /oop$ to dip my bru%1 :5 ,c\tet caught my arm1 say+1 ',t5ez2' at ! same in/ant ,i he>d a bl[1 l ! go+ (f ( a heavy gun1 two or ?ree miles away2 ,i look$ up1 & z ,i did1 ! cascade sank be=e my eyes1 & fell back to ! rock4 ,nei!r ( u spoke = an in/ant or two2 !n ,c\tet said1 ',c'e/ une pi]re1 qui e/ loge dans le creux1' or words to t effect3 9 fact1 he _h se5 ! /one come d[n z he call$ to me4 ,i ?\ght also t no?+ m _h happ5$1 & wat*$ ! de/roy$ fall only ) int]e/1 until1 z sudd5ly z x _h fall51 x rose aga91 ?\gh n to its =m] height2 & ,c\tet1 /oop+ d[n1 exclaim$1 ',ce n'e/ pas a1 le roc e/ p]c2' 9 effect1 a hole 0 n[ di/9ctly visible 9 ! cup :i* turn$ ! /ream1 ?r\gh :i* ! wat] :izz$ z f a bur/ pipe4 ,! cascade1 h[ev]1 cont9u$ to increase1 until ?is new *annel 0 conceal$1 & ,i 0 ma9ta9+ to ,c\tet t he mu/ h be5 mi/ak5 7& t ! wat] only /ruck on ! out] rock1 hav+ *ang$ its mode ( fall above71 :5 aga9 x fell2 & ! two girls1 :o _h come up f ! *let1 express$ _! op9ion at once1 t ! 'cascade e/ f9ie4' ,?is "t all 0 pla92 ! wat] gu%$ 9 a viol5t jet d'eau ?r\gh ! new ap]ture1 h>dly any ( x escap+ above4 ,x rose aga9 gradually1 z ! hole 0 *ok$ ) /ones1 & aga9 fell2 b pres5tly sprang out almo/ to its fir/ elevation 7! wat] be+ by ?is "t 9 mu* less body71 & reta9$ v ne>ly ! =m x _h ye/]day1 until ,i got tir$ ( look+ at x1 & w5t d[n to ! little *let1 & sat d[n be=e its door4 ,i _h n be5 !re five m9utes be=e ! cascade fell1 & rose no m4 #ib ,x might be ?\ght at fir/ t ! l9e to :i* su* curves w\ld approximate w\ld be ! cycloid1 z ! l9e ( quicke/ desc5t4 ,b 9 reality ! cont\r is modifi$ by p]petual slid+ ( ! dbris "u ! influ5ce ( ra92 & by ! b\nd+ ( deta*$ fragm5ts ) cont9ually increas$ mom5tum4 ,i 0 q unable to get at any?+ l ! expression ( a con/ant law among ! examples ,i /udi$ 9 ! ,alps1 except only ! great laws ( delicacy & *angefulness 9 all curves :atsoev]4 #ic ,i owe ,mr4 ,le ,keux s9c]e ?anks1 & n a little admiration1 = ! c>e & skill ) :i* he has foll[$1 on a mu* r$uc$ scale1 ! detail ( ?is draw+4 #id ,all[ t5 feet squ>e = av]age space to ea* p9e2 suppose ! valley se5 only = five miles ( its l5g?1 & ! p9e di/rict two miles broad on ea* side--a l[ e/imate ( bread? also3 ?is w\ld give five millions4 #ie ,! :ite spots on ! br[ ( ! little cliff are li*5s1 only f\r or five in*es broad4 #if ,:at a com=table1 z well z intellig5t1 op]ation1 sket*+ f nature mu/ h be5 9 ^? days6 #ig ,x is n "o ( ! highe/ po9ts ( ! ,c>r>a *a94 ,! *ief summits are mu* m jagg$1 & v noble4 ,see ,*ap4 ,,xx4 #bj4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,result+ ,,=ms3--,,fif?ly1 ,,/ones4 #a4 ,x is some:at s+ul> t ! indi/9ctness ( treatm5t :i* has be5 s (t5 notic$ z *>act]i/ic ( our pres5t art %[s itself always mo/ :5 !re is lea/ app>5t reason = x4 ,mod]n arti/s1 hav+ "s true sympa?y ) :at is vague 9 nature1 draw all t is unc]ta9 & evasive )\t evasion1 & r5d] fai?fully :atev] c be disc]n$ 9 fai?less mi/ or mock+ vapors2 b hav+ no sympa?y ) :at is solid & s]5e1 !y seem to become unc]ta9 !mselves 9 proportion to ! c]ta9ty ( :at !y see2 & :ile !y r5d] flakes ( f>-away cl\d1 or fr+es ( inextricable =e/1 ) some?+ l pati5ce & fidelity1 give no?+ b ! ha/ie/ indication ( ! gr\nd !y c tread ^u or t\*4 ,x is only 9 mod]n art t we f9d any complete repres5tation ( cl\ds1 & only 9 anci5t art t1 g5]ally speak+1 we f9d any c>eful realization ( ,/ones4 #b4 ,?is is all ! m /range1 because1 z we saw "s "t back1 ! rugg$ness ( ! /one is m pleas+ to ! mod]n ?an ! m$ival1 & he r>ely completes any picture satisfactorily to himself unless l>ge spaces ( x are fill$ ) irregul> masonry1 rocky banks1 or %+ly %ores3 :]eas ! m$ival c\ld conceive no desirabl5ess 9 ! loose & unhewn masses2 associat$ !m g5]ally 9 8 m9d ) wick$ m51 & ! ,m>tyrdom ( ,/4 ,/eph52 & always ?rew !m out ( 8 road1 or g>d51 to ! be/ ( 8 p[]4 ,yet ) all ?is diff]5ce 9 pr$ilection1 su* 0 ! hone/y ( ! m$ival1 & s firm 8 ackn[l$gm5t ( ! necessity to pa9t completely :atev] 0 to be pa9t$ at all1 t !re is h>dly a /rip ( e>? "u ! feet ( a sa9t1 9 any f9i%$ "w ( ! e>ly pa9t]s1 b m1 & bett] pa9t$1 /ones are to be f\nd ^u x ?an 9 an entire exhibition full ( mod]n m\nta9 sc5]y4 #c4 ,n bett] pa9t$ 9 e respect4 ,9 ^? int]e/+ & popul> treatises on ! art ( draw+1 :i* tell ! public t _! colors %\ld nei!r be too w>m nor too cold1 & t _! t\*es %\ld always be *>act]i/ic ( ! object !y are int5d$ to repres5t1 ! directions giv5 = ! manufacture ( /ones usually en=ce crispness ( outl9e & r\ghness ( texture4 ,&1 accord+ly1 9 c]ta9 expressions ( frangibility1 irregul> accumulation1 & easy re/+ ( "o block ^u ano!r1 toge!r ) "s conditions ( li*5\s or mossy texture1 mod]n /one-pa9t+ is f> beyond ! anci5t2 = ^! are j ! *>act]s :i* fir/ /rike ! eye1 & enable ! =egr\nd to ma9ta9 its picturesque influ5ce1 )\t invit+ c>eful exam9ation4 ,! m$ival pa9t]1 on ! o!r h&1 n c>+ = ?is picturesque g5]al effect1 nor be+ 9 anywise famili> ) m\nta9 sc5]y1 p]ceiv$ 9 /ones1 :5 he 0 =c$ to pa9t !m1 em95tly ! *>act]s :i* !y _h 9 common ) figures2 t is to say1 _! curv$ outl9es1 r\nd$ surfaces1 & v>ieties ( delicate color1 &1 accord+ly1 0 some:at too apt to lose _! angul> & fragm5t>y "* 9 a s]ies ( muscul> l9es resembl+ ^? ( an anatomical prep>ation2 =1 al?\gh 9 l>ge rocks ! cleavable or frangible nature 0 ! ?+ t necess>ily /ruck him mo/1 ! pebbles "u 8 feet 7 apt to be oval or r\nd$ 9 ! localities ( almo/ all ! important s*ools ( ,italy4 ,9 ,lomb>dy1 ! mass ( ! gr\nd is compos$ ( no?+ b ,alp9e gravel1 consi/+ ( roll$ oval pebbles1 on ! av]age ab\t six in*es long by f\r wide--awkw>d build+ mat]ials1 yet us$ 9 +5i\s alt]nation ) ! bricks 9 all ! l[l& ,italian =tresses4 ,besides ?is univ]sal rotundity1 ! qualities ( /ones :i* r5d]$ !m valuable to ! lapid>y 7 =c$ on ! pa9t]'s att5tion by ! famili> arts ( inlay+ & mosaic4 ,h5ce1 9 look+ at a pebble1 8 m9d 0 divid$ betwe5 its r\ndness & its ve9s2 & ,leon>do cov]s ! %elves ( rock "u ! feet ( ,/4 ,anne ) v>iegat$ agates2 :ile ,mantegna (t5 /rews ! small /ones ab\t 8 m\nta9 caves 9 a poli%$ pr(usion1 z if "s rep5tant m>tyr pr9cess _h be5 j scatt]+ h] caskets ( pe>ls into ! du/4 #d4 ,"s ye>s ago1 z ,i 0 talk+ ( ! curvil9e> =ms 9 a piece ( rock to "o ( our academicians1 he said to me1 9 a some:at despond5t acc5t1 ,if y look = curves1 y w see curves2 if y look = angles1 y w see angles4 ,! say+ appe>$ to me an inf9itely sad "o4 ,x 0 ! utt]ance ( an exp]i5c$ man2 & 9 _m ways true1 = "o ( ! mo/ s+ul> gifts1 or1 if abus$1 mo/ s+ul> weaknesses1 ( ! human m9d is its p[] ( p]suad+ itself to see :atev] x *ooses2--a great gift1 if direct$ to ! disc]nm5t ( ! ?+s ne$ful & p]t95t to its own "w & be+2 a great weakness1 if direct$ to ! discov]y ( ?+s pr(itless or disc\rag+4 ,9 all ?+s ?r\gh\t ! _w1 ! m5 :o look = ! crook$ w see ! crook$1 & ! m5 :o look = ! /raight w see ! /raight4 ,b yet ! say+ 0 a notably sad "o2 = x came ( ! conviction 9 ! speak]'s m9d t !re 0 9 reality no crook$ & no /raight2 t all s call$ disc]nm5t 0 fancy1 & t m5 might1 ) equal rectitude ( judgm5t1 & good-des]v+ ( _! fell[-m51 p]ceive & pa9t :atev] 0 conv5i5t to !m4 #e4 ,:]eas ?+s may always be se5 truly by c&id p1 ?\gh nev] completely4 ,no human capacity ev] yet saw ! :ole ( a ?+2 b we may see m & m ( x ! long] we look4 ,e individual temp] w see some?+ diff]5t 9 x3 b suppos+ ! temp]s hone/1 all ! diff]5ces are !re4 ,e advance 9 our acut5ess ( p]ception w %[ u some?+ new2 b ! old & fir/ disc]n$ ?+ w /ill be !re1 n falsifi$1 only modifi$ & enri*$ by ! new p]ceptions1 becom+ cont9ually m beautiful 9 its h>mony ) !m & m approv$ z a "p ( ! ,inf9ite tru?4 #f4 ,!re are no natural objects out ( :i* m c be ?us le>n$ ?an out ( /ones4 ,!y seem to h be5 creat$ especially to rew>d a pati5t obs]v]4 ,ne>ly all o!r objects 9 nature c be se51 to "s ext5t1 )\t pati5ce1 & are pleasant ev5 9 be+ half se54 ,trees1 cl\ds1 & riv]s are enjoyable ev5 by ! c>eless2 b ! /one "u 8 foot has = c>elessness no?+ 9 x b /umbl+2 no pleasure is languidly to be _h out ( x1 nor food1 nor good ( any k9d2 no?+ b symbolism ( ! h>d he>t & ! unfa!rly gift4 ,& yet1 d b give x "s rev]5ce & wat*fulness1 & !re is bread ( ?\ght 9 x1 m ?an 9 any o!r l[ly feature ( all ! l&scape4 #g4 ,= a /one1 :5 x is exam9$1 w be f\nd a m\nta9 9 m9iature4 ,! f95ess ( ,nature's "w is s great1 t1 into a s+le block1 a foot or two 9 diamet]1 %e c compress z _m *anges ( =m & /ructure1 on a small scale1 z %e ne$s = h] m\nta9s on a l>ge "o2 &1 tak+ moss = =e/s1 & gra9s ( cry/al = crags1 ! surface ( a /one1 9 by f> ! plurality ( in/ances1 is m int]e/+ ?an ! surface ( an ord9>y hill2 m fanta/ic 9 =m & incomp>ably ri*] 9 color1--! la/ quality be+1 9 fact1 s noble 9 mo/ /ones ( good bir? 7t is to say1 fall5 f ! cry/all9e m\nta9-ranges71 t ,i %all be less able to illu/rate ?is "p ( my subject satisfactorily by means ( engrav+ ?an p]haps any o!r1 except ! color ( skies4 ,i say1 %all be less able1 because ! beauty ( /one surface is 9 s great a degree dep5d5t on ! mosses & li*5s :i* root !mselves ^u x1 t ,i mu/ place my ri*e/ examples 9 ! section on vegetation4 ,= in/ance1 9 ! plate opposite1 ?\gh ! mass ( rock is l>ge & some:at di/ant1 ! effect ( x is z mu* ow+ to ! :ite spots ( silv]y li*5 9 ! c5tre & left1 & to ! fl[+ l9es 9 :i* ! d>k] mosses1 gr[+ 9 ! cranny1 h arrang$ !mselves beyond1 z to ! "* ( ! rock itself2 nor c\ld ! beauty ( ! :ole mass be expla9$1 if we 7 to approa* ! lea/ ne>]1 )\t m detail$ draw+ ( ?is vegetation4 ,= ! pres5t ,i %all only give a few examples ( ! draw+ ( /ones r\ghly brok51 or worn s z n to be mat]ially affect$ by vegetation4 ,illu/ration3 #dh4 ,bank ( ,slaty ,cry/all9es4 #h4 ,we h already se5 an example ( ,titian's treatm5t ( m\nta9 cre/s z comp>$ ) ,turn]'s2 "h is a p>allel in/ance1 f ,titian1 ( /ones 9 ! b$ ( a torr5t 7,fig4 #ajh71 9 _m ways good & "r1 & express+ 9 its wri!d & v>i\sly brok5 l9es f> m ( real /one /ructure ?an ! common wat]-color da% ( ! mod]ns4 ,obs]ve1 especially1 h[ ,titian has und]/ood t ! fracture ( ! /one m or less dep5ds on ! undulat+ gra9 ( its cry/all9e /ructure1 foll[+ ! cavity ( ! l>ge/ /one 9 ! middle ( ! figure1 ) conc5tric l9es2 & comp>e 9 ,plate #ba ! top ( ,turn]'s l>ge/ /ones on ! left4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ajh4 #i4 ,if ! read] sees no?+ 9 ?is draw+ 7,fig4 #ajh7 t he c l1--al?\gh1 inde$1 ,i w\ld h him pref] ! "w ( ,turn]1--let him be assur$ t he does n yet und]/& on :at ,titian's reputation is f\nd$4 ,no pa9t]'s "n is (t5] 9 ! m\? ( ! ord9>y connoisseur1 & no pa9t] 0 ev] less und]/ood4 ,8 p[] ( color is inde$ p]fect1 b s is ,bonifazio's4 ,titian's supremacy above all ! o!r ,v5etians1 except ,t9toret & ,v]onese1 consi/s 9 ! firm tru? ( 8 portraiture1 & m or less ma/]ly und]/&+ ( ! nature ( /ones1 trees1 m51 or :atev] else he took 9 h& to pa9t2 s t1 )\t "s correlative und]/&+ 9 ! spectator1 ,titian's "w1 9 its highe/ qualities1 mu/ be utt]ly dead & unappeal+ to him4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aji4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aaj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aaa4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aab4 #aj4 ,i give "o m example f ! l[] "p ( ! same pr9t 7,fig4 #aji71 9 :i* a /one1 ) an eddy r\nd x1 is ne>ly z well drawn z x c be 9 ! simple me?od ( ! e>ly wood-engrav+4 ,p]haps ! read] w feel its tru? bett] by contra/ ) a fragm5t or two ( mod]n ,idealism4 ,"h1 = in/ance 7,fig4 #aaj71 is a gr\p ( /ones1 highly ent]ta9+ 9 _! v>iety ( =m1 out ( ! subject ( ,*ri/ian vanqui%+ ,apollyon1 9 ! outl9es to ! ,pilgrim's ,progress1 publi%$ by ! ,art-,union1 ! idealism be+ "h wr\ght to a pit* ( extraord9>y brilliancy by ! excit+ nature ( ! subject4 ,next 7,fig4 #aaa7 is ano!r poetical conception1 "o ( ,flaxman's1 repres5t+ ! eddies & /ones ( ! ,pool ( ,envy 7,flaxman's ,dante71 :i* may be conv5i5tly comp>$ ) ! ,titianesque /ones & /reams4 ,&1 f9ally1 ,fig4 #aab repres5ts1 also on ,flaxman's au?ority1 ^? /ones ( an ,alp9e "*1 ( :i* ,dante says t he ,climb$ ) he>t ( pro( ! adv]se /eep4 ,x seems at fir/ curi\s t e "o ( ! =ms t ,flaxman has *anc$ ^u %\ld be an impossible "o--a =m :i* a /one nev] c\ld assume3 b ?is is ! ,nemesis ( false idealism1 & ! inevitable "o4 #aa4 ,! *ief incapacity 9 ! mod]n "w is n1 h[ev]1 s mu* 9 its outl9e1 ?\gh t is wrong en\gh1 z 9 ! total abs5ce ( any ef=t to m>k ! surface r\nd+s4 ,x is n ! outl9e ( a /one1 h[ev] true1 t w make x solid or heavy2 x is ! int]ior m>k+s1 & ?or\ghly und]/ood p]spectives ( its sides4 ,9 ! opposite plate ! upp] two subjects are by ,turn]1 =egr\nds out ( ! ,lib] ,/udiorum 7,s\rce ( ,arv]on1 & ,b5 ,ar?ur72 ! l[] by ,claude1 ,lib] ,v]itatis1 ,no4 #e4 ,i ?9k ! read] _c b feel t ! blocks 9 ! upp] two subjects are massy & pond]\s2 9 ! l[]1 :olly )\t weight4 ,if he exam9e _! sev]al treatm5t1 he w f9d t ,turn] has p]fect imag9ative conception ( e recess & projection ov] ! :ole surface1 & feels ! /one z he works ov] x2 e t\*1 moreov]1 be+ full ( t5d] gradation4 ,b ,claude1 z he is oblig$ to hold to 8 outl9e 9 hills1 s also cl+s to x 9 ! /ones1--_c r\nd !m 9 ! lea/1 leaves _! light surfaces :olly blank1 & puts a few pat*es ( d>k "h & !re ab\t _! edges1 z *ance w h x4 ,illu/ration3 #di4 ,tru? & ,untru? ( ,/ones4 #ab4 ,turn]'s way ( w$g+ ! /ones ( ! glaci] mora9e toge!r 9 /r5g? ( disord]1 9 ! upp] subject1 & 8 indication ( ! spr++ ( ! wild /ems & leafage out ( ! r5ts 9 ! b\ld]s ( ! l[] "o1 w h>dly be appreciat$ unless ! read] is fondly acqua9t$ ) ! k9d ( sc5]y 9 "q2 & ,i _c calculate on ?is be+ (t5 ! case1 = few p]sons ev] look at any ne> detail closely1 & p]haps lea/ ( all at ! heaps ( dbris :i* s (t5 seem to encumb] & disfigure m\nta9 gr\nd4 ,b = ! v>i\s reasons j /at$ 7 #g71 ,turn] f\nd m mat]ial = 8 p[]1 & m excitem5t to 8 inv5tion1 among ! fall5 /ones ?an 9 ! highe/ summits ( m\nta9s2 & 8 e>ly designs1 among _! ?\s& excell5ces & s+ul>ities1 z oppos$ to all t _h prec$$ !m1 c\nt = n "o ( ! lea/ ! elaborate c>e giv5 to ! draw+ ( torr5t b$s1 %aly slopes1 & o!r conditions ( /ony gr\nd :i* all canons ( art at ! p]iod pron\nc$ inconsi/5t ) dignity ( composition2 a conv5i5t pr9ciple1 s9ce1 ( all =egr\nds1 "o ( loose /ones is beyond comp>ison ! mo/ difficult to draw ) any approa* to realization4 ,! ,turn]ian subjects1 ,junction ( ! ,greta & ,tees 7,york%ire ,s]ies1 & illu/rations to ,scott72 ,wycliffe1 ne> ,rokeby 7,york%ire72 ,h>draw ,fall 7,york%ire72 ,b5 ,ar?ur 7,lib] ,/udiorum72 ,ulleswat] & ! magnific5t draw+ ( ! ,upp] ,fall ( ! ,tees 7,engl& ,s]ies71 are suffici5tly illu/rative ( :at ,i mean4 #ac4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 only1 9 _! sep>ate condition1 z mat]ials ( =egr\nd1 t we h to exam9e ! effect ( /ones2 !y =m a curi\sly important elem5t ( di/ant l&scape 9 _! aggregation on a l>ge scale4 ,x w be rememb]$ t 9 ! c\rse ( ! la/ *apt] we :olly left out ( our acc\nt ( m\nta9 l9es t gr\p :i* 0 call$ ,l9es ( ,re/4 ,"o reason = do+ s 0 t1 z ^! l9es are produc$ by dbris 9 a /ate ( tempor>y repose1 _! beauty1 or de=mity1 or :atev] "* !y may possess1 is prop]ly to be consid]$ z belong+ to /ones r ?an to rocks4 #ad4 ,:5ev] heaps ( loose /ones or s& are increas$ by ! cont9ual fall ( fre% fragm5ts f above1 or dim9i%$ by _! removal f bel[1 yet n 9 su* mass or ) su* mom5tum z entirely to di/urb ^? already accumulat$1 ! mat]ials on ! surface arrange !mselves 9 an equable slope1 produc+ a /raight l9e ( pr(ile 9 ! bank or cone4 ,! heap =m$ by ! s& fall+ 9 an h\r-glass pres5ts1 9 its /raight sides1 ! simple/ result ( su* a condition2 & any heap ( s& ?r[n up by ! spade w %[ ! slopes "h & !re1 int]rupt$ only by knotty portions1 held toge!r by moi/ure1 or agglut9at$ by pressure1--int]ruptions :i* _c occur to ! same ext5t on a l>ge scale1 unless ! soil is really h>d5$ ne>ly to ! nature ( rock4 ,z long z x rema9s incoh]5t1 e removal ( sub/ance at ! bottom ( ! heap1 or addition ( x at ! top1 occasions a slid+ di/urbance ( ! :ole slope1 :i* smoo?s x into rectitude ( l9e2 & !re is h>dly any great m\nta9 mass among ! ,alps :i* does n %[ t[>ds its f\ndation p]fectly regul> desc5ts ( ?is nature1 (t5 two or ?ree miles long )\t a break4 ,sev]al ( consid]able ext5t are se5 on ! left ( ,plate #df4 #ae4 ,i call ^! l9es ( re/1 because1 ?\gh ! bulk ( ! mass may be cont9ually increas+ or dim9i%+1 ! l9e ( ! pr(ile does n *ange1 be+ fix$ at a c]ta9 angle by ! nature ( ! e>?4 ,x is usually /at$ c>elessly z an angle ( ab\t #de degrees1 b x nev] really rea*es su* a slope4 ,i measur$ c>efully ! angles ( a v l>ge numb] ( slopes ( m\nta9 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! ,mont ,blanc di/rict4 ,! few examples giv5 9 ! note bel[ are en\gh to exhibit ! g5]al fact t loose dbris lies at v>i\s angles up to ab\t #cj or #cb2 dbris protect$ by grass or p9es may rea* #ce1 & rocky slopes #dj or #da1 b 9 cont9u\s l9es ( re/ ,i nev] f\nd a /eep] angle4#ih #af4 ,i speak ( "s rocky slopes z l9es ( re/1 because1 :5ev] a m\nta9 side is compos$ ( s(t /one :i* splits & decomposes fa/1 x has a t5d5cy to *oke itself up ) ! ru9s1 & gradually to get abrad$ or gr\nd d[n t[>ds ! dbris slope2 s t va/ masses ( ! sides ( ,alp9e valleys are =m$ by asc5ts ( ne>ly uni=m incl9ation1 p>tly loose1 p>tly ( jagg$ rocks1 :i* break1 b d n mat]ially alt] ! g5]al l9e ( gr\nd4 ,9 su* cases ! fragm5ts usually h accumulat$ )\t di/urbance at ! foot ( ! slope1 & ! p9e =e/s fa/5 ! soil & prev5t x f be+ c>ri$ d[n 9 l>ge masses4 ,b num]\s in/ances occur 9 :i* ! m\nta9 is consum$ away gradually by its own torr5ts1 n hav+ /r5g? en\gh to =m clefts or precipices1 b fall+ on ea* side ( ! rav9es into ev5 banks1 :i* slide d[n f above z !y are wa/$ bel[4 #ag4 ,by all ^! v>i\s exp$i5ts1 ,nature secures1 9 ! mid/ ( h] m\nta9 curvatures1 va/ s]ies ( p]fectly /raight l9es oppos+ & reliev+ !m2 l9es1 h[ev]1 :i* arti/s h almo/ univ]sally agre$ to alt] or ignore1 p>tly dislik+ !m intr9sically1 on acc\nt ( _! =mality1 & p>tly because ! m9d in/antly associates !m ) ! idea ( m\nta9 decay4 ,turn]1 h[ev]1 saw t ?is v decay hav+ its use & nobl5ess1 ! cont\rs :i* 7 significative ( x ought no m to be omitt$ ?an1 9 ! portrait ( an ag$ man1 ! furr[s on 8 h& or br[2 besides1 he lik$ ! l9es !mselves1 = _! contra/ ) ! m\nta9 wildness1 j z he lik$ ! /raightness ( sunbeams p5etrat+ ! s(t wayw>dness ( cl\ds4 ,he introduc$ !m con/antly into 8 noble/ compositions2 b 9 ord] to ! full und]/&+ ( _! employm5t 9 ! in/ance ,i am ab\t to give1 "o or two m po9ts yet ne$ to be notic$4 #ah4 ,g5]ally speak+1 ! curv$ l9es ( convex1 fall belong to m\nta9s ( h>d rock1 ov] ^: surfaces ! fragm5ts b\nd to ! valley1 & :i* are worn by wra? ( avalan*es & wildness ( torr5ts1 l t ( ! ,cascade des ,pl]9s1 describ$ 9 ! note above4 ,g5]ally speak+1 ! /raight l9es ( re/ belong to s(t] m\nta9s1 or s(t] surfaces & places ( m\nta9s1 :i*1 expos$ to no viol5t we>+ f ext]nal =ce1 nev]!less keep slipp+ & m\ld]+ d[n spontane\sly or receiv+ gradual accession ( mat]ial f incoh]5t masses above !m4 #ai4 ,x foll[s1 r1 t :]e ! gigantic we>+ =ces are 9 op]ation1 ! /ones or fragm5ts ( rock br\ght d[n by ! torr5ts & avalan*es are likely1 h[ev] h>d1 to be r\nd$ on all _! edges2 b :]e ! /raight %aly slopes are f\nd1 ! /ones :i* glide or tott] d[n _! surfaces frequ5tly reta9 all _! angles1 & =m jagg$ & flaky heaps at ! bottom4 ,& f>!r1 x is to be suppos$ t ! rocks :i* are habitually subject$ to ^! colossal =ces ( de/ruction are 9 _! own mass firm & secure1 o!rwise !y w\ld long ago h giv5 way2 b t :]e ! glid+ & crumbl+ surfaces are f\nd )\t mu* ext]nal viol5ce1 x is v possible t ! :ole framework ( ! m\nta9 may be full ( flaws2 & a dang] exi/ ( va/ portions ( its mass giv+ way1 or slipp+ d[n 9 heaps1 z ! s& sudd5ly yields 9 an h\r-glass aft] "s mom5ts ( accumulation4 #bj4 ,h5ce1 g5]ally1 9 ! m9d ( any "o famili> ) m\nta9s1 ! conditions w be associat$1 on ! "o h&1 ( ! curv$1 convex1 & ov]hang+ bank or cliff1 ! ro>+ torr5t1 & ! r\nd$ b\ld] ( massive /one2 &1 on ! o!r1 ( ! /raight & ev5 slope ( bank1 ! comp>atively quiet & peaceful lapse ( /reams1 & ! %>p-edg$ & unworn look ( ! fall5 /ones1 toge!r ) a s5se ( dang] great]1 ?\gh m occult1 ?an 9 ! wild] sc5]y4 ,illu/ration3 ,j4 ,m4 ,w4 ,turn] ,j4 ,c\s54 #ej4 ,goldau4 ,! draw+ ( ! ,/4 ,go?>d1 :i* we h s labori\sly analyz$1 0 design$1 z be=e m5tion$1 f a sket* tak5 9 ! ye> #ahdc4 ,b ) x 0 made ano!r draw+4 ,turn] br\ght home 9 t ye> a s]ies ( sket*es tak5 9 ! neighborhood ( ! pass2 among o!rs1 "o ( ! ,valley ( ,goldau1 cov]$ z x is by ! ru9s ( ! ,rossb]g4 ,kn[+ 8 fondness = fall5 /ones1 ,i *ose ?is ,goldau subject z a companion to ! ,/4 ,go?>d4 ,! plate opposite w give "s idea ( ! resultant draw+4 #ba4 ,"s idea only4 ,x is a subject :i*1 l ! ,/4 ,go?>d1 is f> too full ( detail to admit ( r$uction2 & ,i hope1 !re=e1 soon to engrave x prop]ly ( its real size4 ,x is1 besides1 m ?an usually difficult to translate ?is draw+ into black & :ite1 because mu* ( ! light on ! cl\ds is di/+ui%$ m]ely by orange or purple color f ! gre5 greys1 :i*1 ?\gh n d>k] ?an ! w>m hues1 h ! effect ( %ade f _! coldness1 b _c be m>k$ z %ade 9 ! engrav+ )\t too great increase ( dep?4 ,en\gh1 h[ev]1 has be5 done to give "s idea ( ! elem5ts ( ,turn]'s design4 #bb4 ,detail$ acc\nts ( ! ,rossb]g ,fall may be f\nd 9 any ord9>y ,swiss ,guide2 ! only po9ts we h to notice respect+ x are1 t ! m\nta9 0 compos$ ( an indurat$ gravel1 dispos$ 9 oblique b$s slop+ t[>ds ! valley4 ,a portion ( "o ( ^! b$s gave way1 & half fill$ ! valley b5ea?1 bury+ five villages1 toge!r ) ! pr9cipal "o ( ,goldau1 & p>tially *ok+ up a little lake1 ! /reamlets :i* suppli$ x n[ =m+ irregul> pools among ! fall5 fragm5ts4 ,i call ! rock1 & accurately1 indurat$ gravel2 b ! induration is s complete t ! mass breaks ?r\gh ! roll$ pebbles *iefly compos+ x1 & may be consid]$ z a true rock1 only always 9 its blocks rugg$ & =mless :5 comp>$ ) ! cry/all9e =mations4 ,turn] has *os5 8 position on "s ( ! high] heaps ( ru91 look+ d[n t[>ds ! ,lake ( ,zug1 :i* is se5 "u ! sunset1 ! spire ( ! t[] ( ,a>t on its %ore j reliev$ aga9/ ! light ( ! waves4 ,! ,rossb]g itself1 nev] /eep1 & /ill m r$uc$ 9 t]ror by ! fall ( a portion ( x1 0 n available to him z a =m explanatory ( ! cata/rophe2 & ev5 ! slopes ( ! ,righi on ! left are n1 9 reality1 z un9t]rupt$ 9 _! slope z he has drawn !m2 b he felt ! connection ( ?is /ructure ) ! ru9 amid/ :i* he /ood1 & br\ght ! long l9es ( dang] cle> aga9/ ! sunset1 & z /raight z its own retir+ rays4 #bc4 ,if ! read] w n[ glance back to ! ,/4 ,go?>d subject1 z illu/rat$ 9 ! two ,plates #ba & #cg1 & comp>e x ) ?is ( ,goldau1 keep+ 9 m9d ! g5]al conclusions ab\t ! two great classes ( m\nta9 sc5]y :i* ,i h j /at$1 he w1 ,i hope1 at la/ cease to *>ge me ) en?usiasm 9 any?+ t ,i h said ( ,turn]'s imag9ation1 z always in/9ctively possessive ( ^? tru?s :i* lie deepe/1 & are mo/ ess5tially l9k$ toge!r1 9 ! expression ( a sc5e4 ,i h only tak5 two draw+s 7?\gh ^! ( 8 be/ p]iod7 = ! illu/ration ( all ! /ructures ( ! ,alps :i*1 9 ! c\rse ( half a volume1 x has be5 possible = me to expla92 & all my half-volume is ab/ract$ 9 ^! two draw+s1 & t 9 ! mo/ consi/5t & complete way1 z if !y _h be5 made on purpose to conta9 a p]fect summ>y ( ,alp9e tru?4 #bd4 ,!re are "o or two po9ts connect$ ) !m ( yet m t\*+ int]e/4 ,!y are ! la/ draw+s :i* ,turn] ev] made ) unabat$ p[]4 ,! "o ( ! ,/4 ,go?>d1 speak+ ) /rict accuracy1 is ! la/ draw+2 = t ( ,goldau1 ?\gh maje/ic to ! utmo/ 9 conception1 is less c>efully f9i%$1 & %[s1 9 ! execution ( p>ts ( ! sky1 signs ( impati5ce1 caus$ by ! fir/ feel+ ( decl9e ( /r5g?4 ,!re=e ,i call$ ! ,/4 ,go?>d 7,vol4 ,,iii4 ,*4 ,,xv4 #e7 ! la/ m\nta9 draw+ he ev] execut$ ) p]fect p[]4 ,b ! ,goldau is /ill a noble companion to x--m solemn 9 ?\ght1 m sublime 9 color1 &1 9 c]ta9 po9ts ( poetical treatm5t1 especially *>act]i/ic ( ! ma/]'s m9d 9 e>li] days4 ,he 0 v def9itely 9 ! habit ( indicat+ ! association ( any subject ) circum/ances ( dea?1 especially ! dea? ( multitudes1 by plac+ x "u "o ( 8 mo/ deeply crimson$ sunset skies4 ,! color ( blood is ?is pla9ly tak5 = ! lead+ tone 9 ! /orm-cl\ds above ! ,slave-%ip4 ,x occurs ) simil> di/9ctness 9 ! mu* e>li] picture ( ,ulysses & ,polypheme1 9 t ( ,napoleon at ,/4 ,hel5a1 &1 subdu$ by s(t] hues1 9 ! ,old ,tm]aire4 ,! sky ( ?is ,goldau is1 9 its sc>let & crimson1 ! deepe/ 9 tone ( all t ,i "k 9 ,turn]'s draw+s4 ,ano!r feel+ traceable 9 sev]al ( its =m] works1 is an acute s5se ( ! contra/ betwe5 ! c>eless int]e/s & idle pleasures ( daily life1 & ! /ate ( ^? ^: "t = labor1 or k1 or delight is pass$ = ev]4 ,!re is evid5ce ( ?is feel+ 9 ! introduction ( ! boys at play 9 ! *ur*y>d ( ,kirkby ,lonsdale1 & ! boy climb+ = 8 kite among ! ?ickets above ! little m\nta9 *ur*y>d ( ,brignal-banks2 x is 9 ! same tone ( ?\ght t he has plac$ "h ! two figures fi%+1 lean+ aga9/ ^! %att]$ flanks ( rock1--! sepul*ral /ones ( ! great m\nta9 ,field ( ,dea?4 #be4 ,ano!r "* ( ^! two draw+s1 :i* gives !m especial int]e/ z connect$ ) our inquiries into m$ival l&scape1 is1 t !y are precisely & accurately illu/rative ( ! two pr9cipal ideas ( ,dante ab\t ! ,alps4 ,i h already expla9$ ! rise ( ! fir/ draw+ out ( ,turn]'s e>ly /udy ( ! ,male ,bolge ( ! ,splug5 & ,/4 ,go?>d4 ,! ,goldau1 on ! o!r h&1 might h be5 drawn 9 purposeful illu/ration ( ! l9es be=e ref]r$ to 7,vol4 ,,iii4 ,*4 ,,xv4 #ac7 z descriptive ( a loco ,alpe/ro4 ,i give n[ ,dante's own words3 ,qual' quella ru9a1 *e nel fianco ,di qu da ,tr5to l',adice p]cosse1 ,o p] tremuoto1 o p] so/egni manco1 ,*e da cima del monte1 onde si mosse1 ,al piano s la roccia discoscesa ,*e alcuna via d>ebbe a *i su fosse2 ,cotal di quel burrato era la scesa4 ,z is t l&slip1 ere y come to ,tr5t1 ,t smote ! flank ( ,adige1 ?r\gh "s /ay ,s9k+ b5ea? x1 or by e>?quake r5t2 ,= f ! summit1 :]e ( old x lay1 ,pla9w>ds ! brok5 rock unto ! feet ,( "o above x might af=d "s way2 ,su* pa? ad[n ?is precipice we meet4 ,,cayley4 #bf4 ,f9ally1 !re are two lessons to be ga!r$ f ! opposite conditions ( m\nta9 decay1 repres5t$ 9 ^! designs1 ( p]haps a wid] range ( mean+ ?an any :i* 7 sugge/$ ev5 by ! /ates ( m\nta9 /r5g?4 ,9 ! fir/1 we f9d ! unyield+ rock1 und]go+ no sudd5 dang]1 & capable ( no total fall1 yet1 9 its h>dness ( he>t1 worn away by p]petual trampl+ ( torr5t waves1 & /ress ( w&]+ /orm4 ,its fragm5ts1 fruitless & re/less1 are toss$ into ev]-*ang+ heaps3 no labor ( man c subdue !m to 8 s]vice1 nor c 8 utmo/ pati5ce secure any dwell+-place among !m4 ,9 ?is !y are ! type ( all t humanity :i*1 suff]+ "u no sudd5 puni%m5t or sorr[1 rema9s /ony gr\nd1 afflict$1 inde$1 cont9ually by m9or & vex+ c>es1 b only brok5 by !m into fruitless ru9 ( fatigu$ life4 ,( ?is gr\nd n corn-giv+1--?is r\gh valley1 nei!r e>$ nor s[n1#ii ( ! common _w1 x is said1 to ^? :o h set up _! idols 9 ! wreck ( x-- ,among ! smoo? /ones ( ! /ream is ?y portion4 ,!y1 !y are ?y lot4#ajj ,b1 z we pass b5ea? ! hills :i* h be5 %ak5 by e>?quake & torn by convulsion1 we f9d t p]iods ( p]fect repose succe$$ ^? ( de/ruction4 ,! pools ( calm wat] lie cle> b5ea? _! fall5 rocks1 ! wat]-lilies gleam1 & ! re$s :isp] among _! %ad[s2 ! village rises aga9 ov] ! =gott5 graves1 & its *ur*-t[]1 :ite ?r\gh ! /orm-twilight1 proclaims a r5ew$ appeal to ,8 protection 9 ^: h& are all ! corn]s ( ! e>?1 & ! /r5g? ( ! hills is ,8 also4 ,!re is no lovel9ess ( ,alp9e valley t does n tea* ! same lesson4 ,x is j :]e ! m\nta9 fall+ come? to naught1 & ! rock is remov$ out ( 8 place1 t1 9 process ( ye>s1 ! faire/ mead[s bloom betwe5 ! fragm5ts1 ! cle>e/ rivulets murmur f _! crevices among ! fl[]s1 & ! clu/]$ cottages1 ea* %elt]$ b5ea? "s /r5g? ( mossy /one1 n[ to be remov$ no m1 & ) _! pa/ur$ flocks ar\nd !m1 safe f ! eagle's /oop & ! wolf's rav91 h writt5 ^u _! fronts1 9 simple words1 ! m\nta9e]'s fai? 9 ! anci5t promise-- ,nei!r %alt ?\ be afraid ( de/ruction :5 x come?2 ,= ?\ %alt be 9 league ) ! ,/ones ( ! ,field2 & ! bea/s ( ! field %all be at peace ) !e4 ,,footnotes #ih ,small fragm5ts ( lime/one1 five or six in*es across1 & flatti%1 %>p1 angul> on edges1 & q loose2 slope ne> f\nta9 ( ,maglans #ca ,some:at l>g] /ones1 ne>] ,maglans2 q loose #ca ,simil> dbris1 slightly t\*$ ) vegetation #ce ,dbris on s\!rn side ( ,maglans #cc ,slope ( ,montagne de la ,cte1 at ! bottom1 z se5 f ! village ( ,*am\ni #dj ,av]age slope ( ,montagne de ,taconay1 se5 f ,*am\ni #ch ,maximum slope ( side ( ,brev5 #da ,slope ( dbris f rav9e ( ,brev5 d[n to ! village ( ,*am\ni #ad ,slopes ( dbris set ) p9es "u ,aiguille ,v]te1 se5 f ,arg5tire #cf ,g5]al slope ( ,tapia1 f ,arg5tire #cd ,slopes ( ,la ,cte & ,taconay1 f ,arg5tire #bg ,pr(ile ( ,brev51 f ne> ! ,*apeau 7a po9t comm&+ ! valley ( ,*am\ni 9 its true/ longitude7 #cb ,av]age slope ( ,montanv]t1 f same po9t #ci ,slope ( ,la ,cte1 same po9t #cf ,ea/]n slope ( ,pa9 de ,sucre1 se5 f ,vevay #cc ,we/]n #cf ,slope ( foot ( ,d5t de ,morcles1 se5 f ,vevay #ch ,midi1 #dj #ii ,deut4 xxi4 #d4 ,s ,amos1 vi4 #ab3 ,%all horses run ^u ! rock2 w "o pl[ "h ) ox58 #ajj ,is4 lvii4 #e1 #f4 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,! ,,m\nta9 ,,gloom4 #a4 ,we h n[ cursorily glanc$ ov] ^? conditions ( m\nta9 /ructure :i* appe> con/ant 9 duration1 & univ]sal 9 ext5t2 & we h f\nd !m1 inv>iably1 calculat$ = ! delight1 ! advantage1 or ! tea*+ ( m52 prep>$1 x seems1 s z to conta91 alike 9 =titude or feebl5ess1 9 timel9ess or 9 t]ror1 "s b5efic5ce ( gift1 or pr(\ndness ( c\nsel4 ,we h f\nd t :]e at fir/ all seem$ di/urb$ & accid5tal1 ! mo/ t5d] laws 7 appo9t$ to produce =ms ( p]petual beauty2 & t :]e to ! c>eless or cold obs]v] x seem$ sev]e or purposeless1 ! well-be+ ( man has be5 *iefly consult$1 & 8 rightly direct$ p[]s1 & s9c]ely awak5$ intellig5ce1 may f9d weal? 9 e fall+ rock1 & wisdom 9 e talk+ wave4 ,x rema9s = u to consid] :at actual effect ^u ! human race has be5 produc$ by ! g5]osity1 or ! in/ruction ( ! hills2 h[ f>1 9 pa/ ages1 !y h be5 ?ank$1 or li/5$ to2 h[ f>1 9 com+ ages1 x may be well = u to accept !m = tutors1 or ackn[l$ge !m = fri5ds4 #b4 ,:at !y h already taught u may1 "o w\ld ?9k1 be be/ disc]n$ 9 ! mid/ ( !m1--9 "s place :]e !y h _h _! own way ) ! human s\l2 :]e no veil has be5 drawn betwe5 x & !m1 no contradict+ voice has confus$ _! m9i/ries ( s\nd1 or brok5 _! pa?os ( sil5ce3 :]e w> has nev] /reak$ _! /reams ) bloody foam1 nor ambition s\ght = o!r ?rone ?an _! cl\d-c\rti]$ p9nacles1 nor av>ice = o!r treasure ?an1 ye> by ye>1 is giv5 to _! unlabori\s rocks1 9 budd$ jewels1 & mossy gold4 #c4 ,i d n "k any di/rict possess+ m pure or un9t]rupt$ fulness ( m\nta9 "* 7& t ( ! highe/ ord]71 or :i* appe>s to h be5 less di/urb$ by =eign ag5cies1 ?an t :i* bord]s ! c\rse ( ! ,tri5t betwe5 ,valors9e & ,m>tigny4 ,! pa?s :i* lead to x out ( ! valley ( ! ,rhone1 ris+ at fir/ 9 /eep circles among ! walnut trees1 l w9d+ /airs among ! pill>s ( a ,go?ic t[]1 retire ov] ! %\ld]s ( ! hills into a valley almo/ unkn[n1 b ?ickly inhabit$ by an indu/ri\s & pati5t population4 ,along ! ridges ( ! rocks1 smoo!d by old glaci]s into long1 d>k1 bill[y swell+s1 l ! backs ( plung+ dolph9s1 ! peasant wat*es ! sl[ color+ ( ! tufts ( moss & roots ( h]b :i*1 little by little1 ga!r a feeble soil ov] ! iron sub/ance2 !n1 support+ ! n>r[ /rip ( cl++ gr\nd ) a few /ones1 he subdues x to ! spade2 & 9 a ye> or two a little cre/ ( corn is se5 wav+ ^u ! rocky casque4 ,! irregul> mead[s run 9 & out l inlets ( lake among ^! h>ve/$ rocks1 sweet ) p]petual /reamlets1 t seem always to h *os5 ! /eepe/ places to come d[n1 = ! sake ( ! leaps1 scatt]+ _! h&fuls ( cry/al ?is way & t1 z ! w9d takes !m1 ) all ! grace1 b ) none ( ! =malism1 ( f\nta9s2 divid+ into fanciful *ange ( da% & spr+1 yet ) ! seal ( _! granite *annels ^u !m1 z ! lighte/ play ( human spee* may be> ! seal ( pa/ toil1 & clos+ back out ( _! spray to lave ! rigid angles1 & bright5 ) silv] fr+es & glassy films ea* l[] & l[] /ep ( sable /one2 until at la/1 ga!r$ altoge!r aga91--except1 p]haps1 "s *ance drops caught on ! apple-blossom1 :]e x has budd$ a little ne>] ! cascade ?an x did la/ spr+1--!y f9d _! way d[n to ! turf1 & lose !mselves 9 t sil5tly2 ) quiet dep? ( cle> wat] furr[+ among ! grass blades1 & look+ only l _! %ad[1 b pres5tly em]g+ aga9 9 little />tl$ gu%es & laugh+ hurries1 z if !y _h rememb]$ sudd5ly t ! day 0 too %ort = !m to get d[n ! hill4 ,gre5 field1 & gl[+ rock1 & glanc+ /reamlet1 all slope toge!r 9 ! sun%9e t[>ds ! br[s ( ! rav9es1 :]e ! p9es take up _! own dom9ion ( sadd5$ %ade2 & ) ev]la/+ ro> 9 ! twilight1 ! /rong] torr5ts ?und] d[n pale f ! glaci]s1 fill+ all _! *asms ) en*ant$ cold1 beat+ !mselves to pieces aga9/ ! great rocks t !y h !mselves ca/ d[n1 & =c+ fi]ce way b5ea? _! gha/ly poise4 ,! m\nta9 pa?s /oop to ^! gl5s 9 =ky zigzags1 lead+ to "s grey & n>r[ ar*1 all fr+$ "u its %udd]+ curve ) ! f]ns t fe> ! light2 a cross ( r\gh-hewn p9e1 iron-b\nd to its p>apet1 /&+ d>k aga9/ ! lurid fury ( ! foam4 ,f> up ! gl51 z we pause beside ! cross1 ! sky is se5 ?r\gh ! op5+s 9 ! p9es1 ?9 ) excess ( light2 &1 9 its cle>1 consum+ flame ( :ite space1 ! summits ( ! rocky m\nta9s are ga!r$ into solemn cr[ns & circlets1 all flu%$ 9 t /range1 fa9t sil5ce ( possession by ! sun%9e :i* has 9 x s deep a melan*oly2 full ( p[]1 yet z frail z %ad[s2 lifeless1 l ! walls ( a sepul*re1 yet beautiful 9 t5d] fall ( crimson folds1 l ! veil ( "s sea _s1 t lives & dies z ! foam fla%es2 fix$ on a p]petual ?rone1 /]n aga9/ all /r5g?1 lift$ above all sorr[1 & yet effac$ & melt$ utt]ly into ! air by t la/ sunbeam t has cross$ to !m f betwe5 ! two gold5 cl\ds4 #d4 ,high above all sorr[3 yes2 b n unwitness+ to x4 ,! travell] on 8 happy j\rney1 z 8 foot spr+s f ! deep turf & /rikes ! pebbles gayly ov] ! edge ( ! m\nta9 road1 sees ) a glance ( delight ! clu/]s ( nut-br[n cottages t ne/le among ^? slop+ or*>ds1 & gl[ b5ea? ! b\ghs ( ! p9es4 ,"h1 x may well seem to him1 if !re be sometimes h>d%ip1 !re mu/ be at lea/ innoc5ce & peace1 & fell[%ip ( ! human s\l ) nature4 ,x is n s4 ,! wild goats t leap along ^? rocks h z mu* passion ( joy 9 all t fair "w ( ,god z ! m5 t toil among !m4 ,p]haps m4 ,ent] ! /reet ( "o ( ^? villages1 & y w f9d x f\l ) t gloomy f\lness t is suff]$ only by torpor1 or by angui% ( s\l4 ,"h1 x is torpor--n absolute suff]+1--n />vation or disease1 b d>kness ( calm endur+2 ! spr+ kn[n only z ! "t ( ! scy!1 & ! autumn z ! "t ( ! sickle1 & ! sun only z a w>m?1 ! w9d z a *ill1 & ! m\nta9s z a dang]4 ,!y d n und]/& s mu* z ! "n ( beauty1 or ( k4 ,!y und]/& dimly t ( virtue4 ,love1 pati5ce1 hospitality1 fai?1--^! ?+s !y "k4 ,to glean _! mead[s side by side1 s happi]2 to be> ! burd5 up ! brea?less m\nta9 flank1 unmurmur+ly2 to bid ! /rang] dr9k f _! vessel ( milk2 to see at ! foot ( _! l[ dea?b$s a pale figure ^u a cross1 dy+ also1 pati5tly2--9 ?is !y are diff]5t f ! cattle & f ! /ones1 b 9 all ?is unrew>d$ z f> z conc]ns ! pres5t life4 ,= !m1 !re is nei!r hope nor passion ( _s2 = !m nei!r advance nor exultation4 ,black bread1 rude ro(1 d>k night1 labori\s day1 we>y arm at sunset2 & life ebbs away4 ,no books1 no ?\ghts1 no atta9m5ts1 no re/2 except only sometimes a little sitt+ 9 ! sun "u ! *ur* wall1 z ! bell tolls ?9 & f> 9 ! m\nta9 air2 a patt]+ ( a few pray]s1 n und]/ood1 by ! alt> rails ( ! dimly gild$ *apel1 & s back to ! sombre home1 ) ! cl\d ^u !m /ill unbrok5--t cl\d ( rocky gloom1 born out ( ! wild torr5ts & ru9\s /ones1 & unlight5$1 ev5 9 _! religion1 except by ! vague promise ( "s bett] ?+ unkn[n1 m+l$ ) ?reat5+1 & obscur$ by an unspeakable horror1--a smoke1 z x 71 ( m>tyrdom1 coil+ up ) ! inc5se1 &1 amid/ ! images ( tortur$ bodies & lam5t+ spirits 9 hurtl+ flames1 ! v cross1 = !m1 da%$ m deeply ?an = o!rs1 ) g\ts ( blood4 #e4 ,d n let ?is be ?\ght a d>k5$ picture ( ! life ( ^! m\nta9e]s4 ,x is lit]al fact4 ,no contra/ c be m pa9ful ?an t betwe5 ! dwell+ ( any well-conduct$ ,engli% cottag]1 & t ( ! equally hone/ ,savoy>d4 ,! "o1 set 9 ! mid/ ( its dull flat fields & un9t]e/+ h$g][s1 %[s 9 itself ! love ( brightness & beauty2 its daisy-/udd$ g>d5 b$s1 its smoo?ly swept brick pa? to ! ?re%old1 its fre%ly s&$ floor & ord]ly %elves ( h\sehold furniture1 all te/ify to en]gy ( he>t1 & happ9ess 9 ! simple c\rse & simple possessions ( daily life4 ,! o!r cottage1 9 ! mid/ ( an inconceivable1 inexpressible beauty1 set on "s slop+ bank ( gold5 sw>d1 ) cle> f\nta9s fl[+ beside x1 & wild fl[]s1 & noble trees1 & goodly rocks ga!r$ r\nd into a p]fection z ( ,p>adise1 is itself a d>k & plague-l /a9 9 ! mid/ ( ! g5tle l&scape4 ,)9 a c]ta9 di/ance ( its ?re%old ! gr\nd is f\l & cattle-trampl$2 its timb]s are black ) smoke1 its g>d5 *ok$ ) we$s & nameless refuse1 its *amb]s empty & joyless1 ! light & w9d gleam+ & filt]+ ?r\gh ! crannies ( _! /ones4 ,all te/ifies t to its inhabitant ! _w is labor & vanity2 t = him nei!r fl[]s bloom1 nor birds s+1 nor f\nta9s gli/52 & t 8 s\l h>dly diff]s f ! grey cl\d t coils & dies ^u 8 hills2 except 9 hav+ no fold ( x t\*$ by ! sunbeams4 #f4 ,is x n /range to reflect1 t h>dly an ev5+ passes 9 ,london or ,p>is b "o ( ^? cottages is pa9t$ = ! bett] amusem5t ( ! fair & idle1 & %ad$ ) pa/ebo>d p9es by ! sc5e-%ift]2 & t good & k9d p1--poetically m9d$1--delight !mselves 9 imag9+ ! happy life l$ by peasants :o dwell by ,alp9e f\nta9s1 & kneel to crosses ^u peaks ( rock8 t nightly we lay d[n our gold to fa%ion =? simulacra ( peasants1 9 gay rib&s & :ite bodices1 s++ sweet songs1 & b[+ gracefully to ! picturesque crosses2 & all ! :ile ! v]itable peasants are kneel+1 songlessly1 to v]itable crosses1 9 ano!r temp] ?an ! k9d & fair audi5ces dream (1 & assur$ly ) ano!r k9d ( answ] ?an is got out ( ! op]a cata/rophe2 an answ] hav+ ref]5ce1 x may be1 9 dim futurity1 to ^? v audi5ces !mselves8 ,if all ! gold t has gone to pa9t ! simulacra ( ! cottages1 & to put new songs 9 ! m\?s ( ! simulacra ( ! peasants1 _h gone to bright5 ! exi/5t cottages1 & to put new songs into ! m\?s ( ! exi/5t peasants1 x might 9 ! end1 p]haps1 h turn$ out bett] s1 n only = ! peasants1 b = ev5 ! audi5ce4 ,= t =m ( ! ,false ,ideal has also its correspond5t ,true ,ideal1--consi/+ n 9 ! nak$ beauty ( /atues1 nor 9 ! gauze fl[]s & crackl+ t9sel ( !atres1 b 9 ! clo!d & f$ beauty ( liv+ m51 & 9 ! lights & laughs ( happy homes4 ,night aft] night1 ! desire ( su* an ideal spr+s up 9 e idle human he>t2 & night aft] night1 z f> z idl5ess c1 we "w out ?is desire 9 co/ly lies4 ,we pa9t ! fad$ actress1 build ! la? l&scape1 fe$ our b5evol5ce ) fallacies ( felicity1 & satisfy our righte\sness ) poetry ( ju/ice4 ,! "t w come :51 z ! heavy-fold$ curta9 falls ^u our own /age ( life1 we %all beg9 to compreh5d t ! ju/ice we lov$ 0 int5d$ to h be5 done 9 fact1 & n 9 poetry1 & ! felicity we sympa?iz$ 91 to h be5 be/[$ & n feign$4 ,we talk mu* ( money's wor?1 yet p]haps may "o day be surpris$ to f9d t :at ! wise & *>itable ,european public gave to "o night's rehe>sal ( hypocrisy1--to "o h\r's pleasant w>bl+ ( ,l9da or ,lucia1--w\ld h fill$ a :ole ,alp9e ,valley ) happ9ess1 & p\r$ ! waves ( h>ve/ ov] ! fam9e ( _m a ,lamm]moor4#aja #g4 ,nay1 p]haps ! read] answ]s1 x is va9 to hope t ?is c\ld ev] be4 ,! p]fect beauty ( ! ideal mu/ always be fictiti\s4 ,x is rational to amuse ourselves ) ! fair imag9ation2 b x w\ld be madness to endeavor to put x into practice1 9 ! face ( ! ord9ances ( ,nature4 ,real %eph]desses mu/ always be rude1 & real peasants mis]able2 suff] u to turn away our g5tle eyes f _! co>s5ess & _! pa91 & to seek com=t 9 cultivat$ voices & pur*as$ smiles4 ,we _c hew d[n ! rocks1 nor turn ! s&s ( ! torr5t into gold4 #h4 ,?is is no answ]4 ,be assur$ ( ! great tru?--t :at is impossible 9 reality is ridicul\s 9 fancy4 ,if x is n 9 ! nature ( ?+s t peasants %\ld be g5tle & happy1 !n ! imag9ation ( su* peasantry is ridicul\s1 & to delight 9 su* imag9ation wrong2 z delight 9 any k9d ( falsehood is always4 ,b if 9 ! nature ( ?+s x be possible t among ! wildness ( hills ! human he>t %\ld be ref9$1 & if ! com=t ( dress1 & ! g5tl5ess ( language1 & ! joy ( progress 9 k1 & ( v>iety 9 ?\ght1 are possible to ! m\nta9e] 9 8 true exi/5ce1 let u /rive to write ?is true poetry ^u ! rocks be=e we indulge x 9 our visions1 & try :e!r1 among all ! f9e arts1 "o ( ! f9e/ be n t ( pa9t+ *eeks ) heal? r ?an r\ge4 #i4 ,b is su* ref9em5t possible8 ,d n ! conditions ( ! m\nta9 peasant's life1 9 ! plurality ( in/ances1 necess>ily =bid x8 ,z be>+ /]nly on ?is "q1 x is necess>y to exam9e "o peculi>ity ( feel+ :i* manife/s itself among ! ,european nations1 s f> z ,i h notic$1 irregul>ly1--appe>+ sometimes to be ! *>act]i/ic ( a p>ticul> "t1 sometimes ( a p>ticul> race1 sometimes ( a p>ticul> locality1 & to involve at once mu* t is to be blam$ & mu* t is praisewor?y4 ,i mean ! capability ( endur+1 or ev5 delight+ 91 ! contemplation ( objects ( t]ror--a s5tim5t :i* especially influ5ces ! temp] ( "s gr\ps ( m\nta9e]s1 & ( :i* x is necess>y to exam9e ! causes1 be=e we c =m any conjecture :atev] z to ! real effect ( m\nta9s on human "*4 #aj4 ,= in/ance1 ! unhappy alt]ations :i* h lately tak5 place 9 ! t[n ( ,luc]ne h /ill sp>$ two ( its anci5t bridges2 bo? ( :i*1 be+ long cov]$ walks1 appe>1 9 pa/ times1 to h be5 to ! population ( ! t[n :at ! ,mall 0 to ,london1 or ! ,g>d5s ( ! ,tuil]ies are to ,p>is4 ,= ! cont9ual contemplation ( ^? :o saunt]$ f pi] to pi]1 pictures 7 pa9t$ on ! woodwork ( ! ro(4 ,^! pictures1 9 ! "o bridge1 repres5t all ! important ,swiss battles & victories2 9 ! o!r !y are ! well-kn[n s]ies ( :i* ,longfell[ has made s beautiful a use 9 ! ,gold5 ,leg5d1 ! ,dance ( ,dea?4 ,imag9e ! c\nt5ances ) :i* a committee1 appo9t$ = ! e/abli%m5t ( a new prom5ade 9 "s fl\ri%+ mod]n t[n1 w\ld receive a proposal to adorn su* prom5ade ) pictures ( ! ,dance ( ,dea?4 #aa4 ,n[ j s f> z ! old bridge at ,luc]ne1 ) ! pure1 deep1 & blue wat] ( ! ,reuss eddy+ d[n betwe5 its pi]s1 & ) ! sweet d>kness ( gre5 hills1 & f>-away gleam+ ( lake & ,alps alt]nat+ ^u ! eye on ei!r side2 & ! gloomy lesson fr[n+ 9 ! %ad[1 z if ! deep tone ( a pass+-bell1 ov]head1 7 m+l+ = ev] ) ! pla%+ ( ! riv] z x glides by b5ea?2 j s f>1 ,i say1 z ?is diff]s f ! /raight & smoo? /rip ( level du/1 betwe5 two r[s ( r\nd-topp$ acacia trees1 :]e9 ! inhabitants ( an ,engli% wat]+-place or ,fr5* =tifi$ t[n take _! delight1--s f> ,i believe ! life ( ! old ,luc]nois1 ) all its happy waves ( light1 & m\nta9 /r5g? ( w1 & solemn expectation ( et]nity1 to h diff]$ f ! g5]ality ( ! lives ( ^? :o saunt] = _! habitual h\r up & d[n ! mod]n prom5ade4 ,b ! gloom is n always ( ?is noble k9d4 ,z we p5etrate f>!r among ! hills we %all f9d x becom+ v pa9ful4 ,we are walk+1 p]haps1 9 a summ] aft]noon1 up ! valley ( ,z]matt 7a ,g]man valley71 ! sun %9+ brightly on grassy knolls & ?r\gh fr+es ( p9es1 ! goats leap+ happily1 & ! cattle bells r++ sweetly1 & ! sn[y m\nta9s %9+ l heav5ly ca/les f> above4 ,we see1 a little way (f1 a small :ite *apel1 %elt]$ beh9d "o ( ! fl[]y hillocks ( m\nta9 turf2 & we approa* its little w9d[1 ?9k+ to look ?r\gh x into "s quiet home ( pray]2 b ! w9d[ is grat$ ) iron1 & op5 to ! w9ds1 & :5 we look ?r\gh x1 behold--a heap ( :ite human bones m\ld]+ into :it] du/6 ,s also 9 t same sweet valley1 ( :i* ,i h j be5 speak+1 betwe5 ,*am\ni & ! ,valais1 at e turn ( ! pleasant pa?way1 :]e ! sc5t ( ! ?yme lies ri*e/ ^u its rocks1 we %all see a little cross & %r9e set "u "o ( !m2 & g up to x1 hop+ to receive "s happy ?\ght ( ! ,r$eem]1 by :om all ^! lovely ?+s 7 made1 & /ill consi/4 ,b :5 we come ne>--behold1 b5ea? ! cross1 a rude picture ( s\ls torm5t$ 9 r$ tongues ( hell fire1 & pi]c$ by demons4 #ab4 ,z we pass t[>ds ,italy ! appe>ance ( ?is gloom deep5s2 & :5 we desc5d ! s\!rn slope ( ! ,alps we %all f9d ?is br++ =w>d ( ! image ( ,dea? associat$ ) an endurance ( ! mo/ pa9ful aspects ( disease1 s t conditions ( human suff]+1 :i* 9 any o!r c\ntry w\ld be conf9$ 9 hospitals1 are p]mitt$ to be op5ly exhibit$ by ! wayside2 & ) ?is exposure ( ! degrad$ human =m is f>!r connect$ an ins5sibility to ugl9ess & imp]fection 9 o!r ?+s2 s t ! ru9$ wall1 neglect$ g>d51 & uncleans$ *amb]1 seem to unite 9 express+ a gloom ( _s possess+ ! inhabitants ( ! :ole l&4 ,x does n appe> to arise f pov]ty1 nor c>eless cont5tm5t ) little3 !re is "h no?+ ( ,iri% recklessness or humor2 b !re seems a settl$ obscurity 9 ! s\l1--a *ill & plague1 z if ris5 out ( a sepul*re1 :i* p>tly dead5s1 p>tly d>k5s1 ! eyes & he>ts ( m51 & brea!s a leprosy ( decay ?r\gh e breeze & e /one4 ,in/ead ( well-set hair1 baldness1 & burn+ in/ead ( beauty4 ,nor are def9ite pro(s want+ t ! feel+ is indep5d5t ( m]e pov]ty or indol5ce4 ,9 ! mo/ gorge\s & co/ly palace g>d5 ! /atues w be f\nd gre5 ) moss1 ! t]races defac$ or brok52 ! palace itself p>tly coat$ ) m>ble1 is left 9 o!r places r\gh ) cem5tless & jagg$ brick1 its iron balconies b5t & ru/$1 its pavem5ts ov]gr[n ) grass4 ,! m en]getic ! ef=t has be5 to recov] f ?is /ate1 & to %ake (f all appe>ance ( pov]ty1 ! m assur$ly ! curse seems to fa/5 on ! sc5e1 & ! unslak$ mort>1 & unf9i%$ wall1 & gha/ly desolation ( incomplet5ess entangl$ 9 decay1 /rike a deep] despond5cy into ! behold]4 #ac4 ,! feel+ w\ld be also m easily acc\nt$ = if x appe>$ consi/5t 9 its reg>dlessness ( beauty1--if :at 0 done 7 altoge!r z ineffici5t z :at 0 des]t$4 ,b ! balcony1 ?\gh ru/y & brok51 is delicate 9 design1 & support$ on a nobly c>v$ slab ( m>ble2 ! w9d[1 ?\gh a m]e black r5t 9 ragg$ pla/]1 is encircl$ by a g>l& ( v9e & front$ by a ?icket ( ! %>p leaves & aurora-color$ fl[]s ( ! ole&]2 ! c\rty>d1 ov]gr[n by m\rnful grass1 is t]m9at$ by a bright fresco ( g>d5s & f\nta9s2 ! corpse1 borne ) ! b>e face to heav51 is /rewn ) fl[]s2 beauty is cont9ually m+l$ ) ! %ad[ ( dea?4 #ad4 ,s also is a k9d ( m]rim5t1--n true *e]fulness1 nei!r c>eless nor idle je/+1 b a det]m9$ ef=t at gaiety1 a resolute laught]1 mix$ ) mu* satire1 grossness1 & practical buffoon]y1 &1 x always seem$ to me1 void ( all com=t or hope1--) ?is em95t "* 9 x also1 t x is capable ( t\*+ ) its bitt]ness ev5 ! mo/ fe>ful subjects1 s t z ! love ( beauty reta9s its t5d]ness 9 ! pres5ce ( dea?1 ?is love ( je/ also reta9s its boldness1 & ! skeleton becomes "o ( ! /&>d masques ( ! ,italian com$y4 ,:5 ,i 0 9 ,v5ice1 9 #ahej1 ! mo/ popul> piece ( ! comic op]a 0 ,dea? & ! ,cobbl]1 9 :i* ! po9t ( ! plot 0 ! success ( a village cobbl] z a physician1 9 consequ5ce ( ! appe>ance ( ,dea? to him beside ! b$ ( e pati5t :o 0 n to recov]2 & ! mo/ applaud$ sc5e 9 x 0 "o 9 :i* ! physician1 insol5t 9 success1 & swoll5 ) luxury1 0 himself tak5 d[n into ! abode ( ,dea?1 & ?r[n into an agony ( t]ror by be+ %[n lives ( m51 "u ! =m ( wa/+ lamps1 & 8 own ready to expire4 #ae4 ,i h also n ! smalle/ d\bt t ?is endurance or affront+ ( fe>ful images is p>tly associat$ ) indec5cy1 p>tly ) g5]al fatuity & weakness ( m9d4 ,! m5 :o applaud$ l\de/ :5 ! actress put on1 9 an in/ant1 h] mask repres5t+ a skull1 & :5 h] %>p & cle> ,sono la ,morte rang ?r\gh ! !atre1 7 j ^? ^: disgu/+ habits r5d]$ x impossible = wom5 to pass ?r\gh "s ( ! pr9cipal /reets 9 ,v5ice1--j ^? :o =m$ ! gap+ audi5ce1 :5 a m\ntebank (f]$ a new quack m$ic9e on ! ,riva dei ,s*iavoni4 ,&1 z fe>ful imag]y is associat$ ) ! weakness ( fev]1 s x seems to me t imbecility & love ( t]ror are connect$ by a my/]i\s l9k ?r\gh\t ! :ole life ( man4 ,!re is a mo/ t\*+ in/ance ( ?is 9 ! la/ days ( ,sir ,walt] ,scott1 ! publication ( ^: latt] works1 deeply to be regrett$ on _m acc\nts1 0 yet1 p]haps1 on ! :ole1 "r1 z af=d+ a means ( /udy+ ! conditions ( ! decay ( ov]wr\ght human intellect 9 "o ( ! mo/ noble ( m9ds4 ,among ! _m signs ( ?is decay at its utt]mo/1 9 ,ca/le ,dang]\s1 n "o ( ! lea/ notable 0 ! introduction ( ! knight :o be>s on 8 black armor ! lik5ess ( a skeleton4 #af4 ,! love ( horror :i* is 9 ?is mann] connect$ ) feebl5ess ( intellect1 is n1 h[ev]1 to be conf\nd$ ) t %[n by ! vulg> 9 g5]al4 ,! feel+ :i* is calculat$ ^u 9 ! prep>ation ( pieces full ( t]ror & crime1 at our l[] !atres1 & :i* is f$ ) great] art & elegance 9 ! d>k] sc5]y ( ! popul> ,fr5* noveli/s1 h[ev] morally unheal?y1 is n unnatural2 x is n ! result ( an apa?y to su* horror1 b ( a /rong desire = excitem5t 9 m9ds co>se & dull1 b n necess>ily feeble4 ,! sc5e ( ! murd] ( ! jewell] 9 ! ,c\nt ( ,monte ,cri/o1 or ^? ) ! ,squelette 9 ! ,my/res de ,p>is1 appeal to in/9cts :i* are z common to all mank9d z ^? ( ?ir/ & hung]1 & :i* are only debas+ 9 ! exagg]at$ condition consequ5t ^u ! dulness ( o!r in/9cts high] ?an !y4 ,& ! p]sons :o1 at "o p]iod ( _! life1 might take *ief pleasure 9 su* n>rations1 at ano!r may be br\ght into a temp] ( high tone & acute s5sibility4 ,b ! love ( horror respect+ :i* we are n[ inquir+ appe>s to be an unnatural & feeble feel+2 x is n t ! p]son ne$s excitem5t1 or has any su* /rong p]ceptions z w\ld cause excitem5t1 b he is dead to ! horror1 & a /range evil influ5ce guides 8 feebl5ess ( m9d r to fe>ful images ?an to beautiful ones1--z our di/urb$ dreams are sometimes fill$ ) gha/l9ess :i* seem n to arise out ( any conceivable association ( our wak+ ideas1 b to be a vapor out ( ! v *amb]s ( ! tomb1 to :i* ! m9d1 9 its palsy1 has approa*$4 #ag4 ,b ev5 ?is imbecile revell+ 9 t]ror is m compreh5sible1 m app>5tly natural1 ?an ! in/9ct :i* is f\nd frequ5tly connect$ ) x1 ( absolute joy 9 ugl9ess4 ,9 "s conditions ( old ,g]man art we f9d ! mo/ s+ul> insi/+ ^u :at is 9 all respects ugly & abortive1 or frightful2 n ) any s5se ( sublimity 9 x1 nei!r 9 m]e fooli%ness1 b ) a resolute *oice1 su* z ,i c completely acc\nt = on no ackn[l$g$ pr9ciple ( human nature4 ,= 9 ! wor/ conditions ( s5suality !re is yet "s p]ception ( ! beautiful1 s t m5 utt]ly deprav$ 9 pr9ciple & habits ( ?\ght w yet admire beautiful ?+s & fair faces4 ,b 9 ! temp] ( :i* ,i am n[ speak+ !re is no pref]5ce ev5 ( ! l[] =ms ( lovel9ess2 no ef=t at pa9t+ fair limbs or passionate faces1 no evid5ce ( any human or natural s5sation1--a m]e fe$+ on decay & roll+ 9 slime1 n app>5tly or conceivably ) any pleasure 9 x1 b "u "s fe>ful possession ( an evil _s4 #ah4 ,! mo/ wond]ful in/ance ( ?is feel+ at its utt]mo/ :i* ,i rememb]1 is ! missal 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 ,h>l4 ,,mss4 #ahib4 ,! draw+s ( ! pr9cipal subjects 9 x appe> to h be5 made fir/ 9 black1 by ,m>t9 ,s*ngau] 7at all ev5ts by "s copyi/ ( 8 designs71 & !n ano!r workman has be5 employ$ to pa9t ^! draw+s ov]4 ,no words c describe ! int5sity ( ! plague ( ! he>t 9 ?is man2 ! read] %\ld exam9e ! manuscript c>efully if he desires to see h[ l[ human nature c s9k4 ,i _h writt5 a description ( "o or two ( ! draw+s 9 ord] to give "s conception ( !m to p]sons n able to ref] to ! book2 b ! m]e description s sadd5$ & pollut$ my pages t ,i c\ld n reta9 x4 ,i w only1 !re=e1 "n ! pr9cipal *>act]i/ics :i* belong to ! workman's m9d4 #ai4 ,fir/1 p]petual tamp]+ ) dea?1 :e!r !re be occasion to allude to x or n1--especially insi/+ ^u its associations ) corruption4 ,i d n pa9 ! read] by dwell+ on ! details illu/rative ( ?is feel+4 ,secondly1 ,delight 9 dismemb]m5t1 dislocation1 & di/ortion ( attitude4 ,di/ortion1 to "s ext5t1 is a univ]sal *>act]i/ic ( ! ,g]man fifte5? & sixte5? c5tury art2 t is to say1 !re is a g5]al aptitude = pa9t+ legs across1 or feet twi/$ r\nd1 or bodies awkw>dly b5t1 r ?an any?+ 9 a natural position2 & ,m>t9 ,s*ngau] himself exhibits ?is defect 9 no small degree4 ,b "h ! f9i%+ workman has dislocat$ ne>ly e jo9t :i* he has expos$1 besides knitt+ & twi/+ ! muscles into m]e knots ( cordage4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aac4 ,:at1 h[ev]1 only am\nts to dislocation 9 ! limbs ( ! human figures1 becomes actual dismemb]m5t 9 ! animals4 ,fig4 #aac is a fai?ful copy ( a tree ) two birds1 "o on its b\gh1 & "o above x1 se5 9 ! backgr\nd1 beh9d a soldi]'s mace1 9 ! draw+ ( ! ,betrayal4 ,9 ! engrav+ ( ?is subject1 by ,s*ngau] himself1 ! mace does n occur2 x has be5 put 9 by ! f9i%+ workman1 9 ord] to give great] expression ( savag5ess to ! b\ghs ( ! tree1 :i*1 jo9$ ) ! spikes ( ! mace1 =m "o mass ( disorganiz$ angles & ?orns1 :ile ! birds look p>tly z if be+ torn to pieces1 & p>tly l black spid]s4 ,9 ! pa9t+ itself ! sky also is cov]$ ) little deta*$ & b5t :ite /rokes1 by way ( cl\ds1 & ! hair ( ! figures torn into ragg$ locks1 l wood r5t by a cannon %ot4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aad4 ,?is t5d5cy to dismemb] & sep>ate ev]y?+ is "o ( ! em95t conditions ( a m9d lean+ to vice & ugl9ess2 j z to connect & h>monize ev]y?+ is t ( a m9d lean+ to virtue & beauty4 ,x is %[n d[n to ! smalle/ details2 z1 = in/ance1 9 ! spott$ backgr\nds1 :i*1 in/ead ( be+ *equ]$ ) connect$ patt]ns1 z 9 ! noble manuscripts 7see ,vol4 ,,iii4 ,plate #g71 are cov]$ ) disord]ly da%es & circles execut$ ) a blunt p5 or bru%1 ,fig4 #aad4 ,& "o ( ! bord]s is compos$ ( v>i\s deta*$ heads cut (f at ! neck or %\ld]s )\t ! slighte/ endeavor to conceal or decorate ! truncation4 ,all ?is1 ( c\rse1 is associat$ ) *oice ( ! mo/ abom9able features 9 ! c\nt5ance4 #bj4 ,?irdly1 ,pure ignorance4 ,necess>ily su* a m9d z ?is mu/ be incapable ( p]ceiv+ ! tru? ( any =m2 & !re=e toge!r ) ! di/ortion ( all /udi$ =m is associat$ ! utt] negation or imp]fection ( t :i* is less /udi$4 ,f\r?ly1 ,delight 9 blood4 ,i _c use ! words :i* w\ld be necess>y to describe ! second#ajb pa9t+ ( ! ,sc\rg+1 9 ?is missal4 ,b ,i may g5]ally notice t ! degree 9 :i* ! peculi> feel+ we are endeavor+ to analyze is pres5t 9 any di/rict ( ,roman ,ca?olic c\ntries1 may be almo/ accurately measur$ by ! quantity ( blood repres5t$ on ! crucifixes4 ,! p]son employ$ to repa9t1 9 ! ,campo ,santo ( ,pisa1 ! portion ( ,orcagna's pictures repres5t+ ! ,inf]no1 has furni%$ a v notable example ( ! same feel+2 & x mu/ be famili> to all travell]s 9 c\ntries ?or\ghly subject$ to mod]n ,romanism1 a ?+ z diff]5t f ?irte5?-c5tury ,romanism z a prison f a pr9ce's *amb]4 ,la/ly1 ,utt] abs5ce ( inv5tive p[]4 ,! only gha/l9ess :i* ?is workman is capable ( is t ( di/ortion4 ,9 gha/ly comb9ation he is impot5t2 he _c ev5 und]/& x or copy x :5 set be=e him1 cont9ually de/roy+ any t exi/s 9 ! draw+ ( ,s*ngau]4 #ba4 ,su* appe> to be ! pr9cipal compon5t elem5ts 9 ! m9d ( ! pa9t] ( ?is missal1 & x possesses ^! 9 complete ab/raction f ne>ly all o!rs1 %[+1 9 deadly purity1 ! nature ( ! v5om :i* 9 ord9>y cases is temp]$ by c\nt]act+ elem5ts4 ,!re are ev5 c]ta9 feel+s1 evil en\gh !mselves1 b m natural ?an ^!1 ( :i* ! slighte/ m+l+ w\ld "h be a sort ( r$emption4 ,vanity1 = in/ance1 w\ld lead to a m f9i%$ execution1 & m c>eful copy+ f nature1 & ( c\rse subdue ! ugl9ess by fidelity2 love ( pleasure w\ld introduce occasionally a graceful or s5sual =m2 malice w\ld give "s po9t & mean+ to ! bord]+ grotesques1 nay1 ev5 insanity might h giv5 !m "s inv5tive horror4 ,b ! pure mortif]\sness ( ?is m9d1 capable nei!r ( pati5ce1 fidelity1 grace1 or wit1 9 any place1 or f any motive1--?is horrible apa?y ( bra91 :i* _c asc5d s high z insanity1 b is capable only ( putrefaction1 save u ! task ( all analysis1 & leave u only t ( exam9+ h[ ?is black aqua ,tophana m+les ) o!r conditions ( m9d4 #bb4 ,= ,i h l$ ! read] ov] ?is d>k gr\nd1 because x 0 ess5tial to our det]m9ation ( ! influ5ce ( m\nta9s t we %\ld get :at data we c\ld z to ! ext5t 9 o!r di/ricts1 & d]ivation f o!r causes1 ( ! horror :i* at fir/ we might h be5 l$ to connect too arbitr>ily ) hill sc5]y4 ,& ,i wi% t my k p]mitt$ me to trace x ov] wid] gr\nd1 = ! obs]vations hi!rto /at$ leave ! "q /ill "o ( great difficulty4 ,x might appe> to a travell] cross+ & recross+ ! ,alps betwe5 ,switz]l& & ,italy1 t ! ma9 /r5g? ( ! evil lay on ! s\? ( ! *a91 & 0 attributable to ! peculi> circum/ances & "* ( ! ,italian nation at ?is p]iod4 ,b z he exam9$ ! matt] f>!r he w\ld note t 9 ! di/ricts ( ,italy g5]ally suppos$ to be heal?y1 ! evid5ce ( x 0 less1 & t x seem$ to ga9 gr\nd 9 places expos$ to mal>ia1 c5traliz+ itself 9 ! ,val d',ao/a4 ,he w\ld !n1 p]haps1 ?9k x inconsi/5t ) ju/ice to lay ! blame on ! m\nta9s1 & transf] 8 accusation to ! m>%es1 yet w\ld be compell$ to admit t ! evil manife/$ itself mo/ :]e ^! m>%es 7 surr\nd$ by hills4 ,he w\ld next1 probably1 suppose x produc$ by ! unit$ effect ( h>d%ips1 solitude1 & unheal?y air2 & be dispos$ to f9d fault ) ! m\nta9s1 at lea/ s f> z !y requir$ pa9ful climb+ & labori\s agriculture2--b w\ld aga9 be ?r[n into d\bt by rememb]+ t "o ma9 bran* ( ! feel+1--! love ( ugl9ess1 seem$ to belong 9 a peculi> mann] to ,nor!rn ,g]many4 ,if at all famili> ) ! art ( ! ,nor? & ,s\?1 he w\ld p]ceive t ! endurance ( ugl9ess1 :i* 9 ,italy result$ f languor or depression 7:ile ! m9d yet reta9$ "s appreh5sion ( ! diff]5ce betwe5 fairness & de=mity1 z above not$ 9 #ab71 0 n to be conf\nd$ ) t abs5ce ( p]ception ( ! ,beautiful1 :i* introduc$ a g5]al h>d-featur$ness ( figure into all ,g]man & ,flemi% e>ly art1 ev5 :5 ,g]many & ,fl&]s 7 9 _! brighte/ national heal? & p[]4 ,& z he foll[$ out 9 detail ! comp>ison ( all ! pure/ ideals nor? & s\? ( ! ,alps1 & p]ceiv$ ! p]petual contra/ exi/+ betwe5 ! angul> & bony sanctities ( ! "o latitude1 & ! droop+ graces & p5sive pieties ( ! o!r1 he w\ld no long] attribute to ! rugg$ness1 or miasma1 ( ! m\nta9s ! orig9 ( a feel+ :i* %[$ itself s /rongly 9 ! com=table /reets ( ,antw]p & ,nuremb]g1 & 9 ! unweak5$ & active intellects ( ,van ,eyck & ,alb]t ,dur]4 ,conditions :i* produce ! ,m\nta9 gloom4 #bc4 ,z ,i ?9k ov] ^! v>i\s difficulties1 ! foll[+ conclusions seem to me d$ucible f ! data ,i at pres5t possess4 ,i am 9 no wise confid5t ( _! accuracy1 b !y may assi/ ! read] 9 pursu+ ! inquiry f>!r4 ,g5]al p[] ( intellect4 ,i4 ,x seems to me1 fir/1 t a fair degree ( intellect & imag9ation is necess>y be=e ?is k9d ( disease is possible4 ,x does n seize on m]ely /upid peasantries1 b on ^? :i* belong to intellectual races1 & 9 :om ! faculties ( imag9ation & ! s5sibilities ( he>t 7 orig9ally /rong & t5d]4 ,9 flat l&1 ) fre% air1 ! peasantry may be almo/ m9dless1 b n infect$ ) ?is gloom4 ,romanism4 ,,ii4 ,9 ! second place1 ,i ?9k x is closely connect$ ) ! ,romani/ religion1 & t = sev]al causes4 ,a4 ,! habitual use ( bad art 7ill-made dolls & bad pictures71 9 ! s]vices ( religion1 naturally blunts ! delicacy ( ! s5ses1 by requir+ rev]5ce to be paid to ugl9ess1 & famili>iz+ ! eye to x 9 mom5ts ( /rong & pure feel+2 ,i d n ?9k we c ov]rate ! probable evil results ( ?is en=c$ discordance betwe5 ! sight & imag9ation4 ,b4 ,! habitually dwell+ on ! p5ances1 tortures1 & m>tyrdoms ( ! ,sa9ts1 z subjects ( admiration & sympa?y1 toge!r ) mu* m$itation on ,purgatorial suff]+2 r5d]$ almo/ impossible to ,prote/ants by ! great] fe>fulness ( su* reflections1 :5 ! puni%m5t is suppos$ et]nal4 ,c4 ,idl5ess1 & neglect ( ! prop] duties ( daily life1 dur+ ! l>ge numb] ( holidays 9 ! ye>1 toge!r ) want ( prop] cleanl9ess1 induc$ by ! idea t com=t & happy purity are less pleas+ to ,god ?an discom=t & self-degradation4 ,?is insol5ce induces mu* despond5cy1 a l>g] measure ( real mis]y ?an is necess>y "u ! giv5 circum/ances ( life1 & _m =ms ( crime & disease besides4 ,d4 ,sup]/iti\s indignation4 ,i d n "k if x is z a result ( ! comb9ation ( ^! sev]al causes1 or if "u a sep>ate head1 t ,i %\ld class a c]ta9 /range awe :i* seems to atta* itself to ,romanism l its %ad[1 diff]+ f ! co>s] gloom :i* we h be5 exam9+1 9 t x c atta* itself to m9ds ( ! highe/ purity & ke5ness1 &1 inde$1 does s to ^! m ?an to inf]ior ones4 ,x is an undef9able p5siv5ess1 lead+ to great sev]ity ( precept1 m]cilessness 9 puni%m5t1 & d>k or disc\rag+ ?\ghts ( ,god & man4#ajc ,x is connect$ p>tly ) a great] belief 9 ! daily pres5ce & p[] ( evil spirits ?an is common 9 ,prote/ants 7except ! m en?usia/ic1 & also gloomy1 sects ( ,puritans71 connect$ also ) a /]nness ( belief 9 ! condemnatory p[] & duty ( ! ,*ur*1 lead+ to p]secution1 & to less temp]$ indignation at oppositions ( op9ion ?an *>act]izes ! ,prote/ant m9d ord9>ily1 :i*1 ?\gh waspi% & bitt] en\gh1 is n liable to ! peculi> he>t-burn+ caus$ 9 a ,papi/ by any insult to 8 ,*ur*1 or by ! aspect ( :at he believes to be h]esy4 #bd4 ,= all ^! reasons1 ,i ?9k ,romanism is v def9itely connect$ ) ! gloom we are exam9+1 s z )\t fail to produce "s measure ( x 9 all p]sons :o s9c]ely hold t fai?2 & if su* effect is ev] n to be trac$1 x is because ! ,romanism is *eck$ by infidelity4 ,! a!ism or dissipation ( a l>ge portion ( ! population 9 cr[d$ capitals prev5ts ?is gloom f be+ felt 9 full =ce2 b x resumes its p[]1 9 m\nta9 solitudes1 ov] ! m9ds ( ! comp>atively ignorant & m suff]+ peasantry2 s t x is n an evil inh]5t 9 ! hills !mselves1 b "o result ( ! cont9uance 9 !m ( t old religi\s voice ( w>n+1 :i*1 enc\rag+ sacr$ feel+ 9 g5]al1 enc\rages also :atev] evil may ess5tially belong to ! =m ( doctr9e prea*$ among !m4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aae4 ,disease ( body4 #be4 ,,iii4 ,x is assur$ly connect$ also ) a diseas$ /ate ( heal?4 ,*e]fulness is j z natural to ! he>t ( a man 9 /rong heal? z color to 8 *eek2 & :]ev] !re is habitual gloom1 !re mu/ be ei!r bad air1 un:olesome food1 improp]ly sev]e labor1 or err+ habits ( life4 ,among m\nta9s1 all ^! v>i\s causes are frequ5tly f\nd 9 comb9ation4 ,! air is ei!r too bleak1 or x is impure2 g5]ally ! peasants are expos$ to alt]nations ( bo?4 ,great h>d%ip is su/a9$ 9 v>i\s ways1 sev]e labor und]gone dur+ summ]1 & a s$5t>y & conf9$ life l$ dur+ w9t]4 ,:]e ! gloom exi/s 9 less elevat$ di/ricts1 z 9 ,g]many1 ,i d n d\bt1 ?\gh ,i h n hi/orical k en\gh to prove ?is1 t x is p>tly connect$ ) habits ( s$5t>y life1 protract$ /udy1 & g5]al d]angem5t ( ! bodily sy/em 9 consequ5ce2 :5 x exi/s 9 ! gross =m exhibit$ 9 ! manuscript above exam9$1 ,i h no d\bt x has be5 fo/]$ by habits ( g5]al vice1 cruelty1 & dissipation4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aaf4 ,rud5ess ( life4 #bf4 ,,iv4 ,consid]$ z a natural ins5sibility to beauty1 x is1 ,i imag9e1 indicative ( a c]ta9 want ( cultivation 9 ! race among :om x is f\nd1 p]haps )\t corporal or m5tal weakness1 b produc$ by rud5ess ( life1 abs5ce ( examples ( beautiful art1 defects 9 ! m\ld ( ! national features1 & su* o!r adv]sities1 g5]ally belong+ to nor!rn nations z oppos$ to s\!rn4 ,"h1 h[ev]1 aga9 my hi/orical k is at fault1 & ,i mu/ leave ! read] to foll[ out ! "q = himself1 if x int]e/s him4 ,a s+le example maybe useful to ^? :o h n "t = inve/igation1 9 ord] to %[ ! k9d ( diff]5ce ,i mean4 ,fig4 #aae is a ,/4 ,pet]1 f a ,g]man fifte5?-c5tury ,,ms41 ( good av]age execution2 & ,fig4 #aaf a ,madonna1 ei!r ( ! be/ ,engli%1 or second-rate ,fr5*1 "w1 f a s]vice-book execut$ 9 #abij4 ,! read] w1 ,i d\bt n1 p]ceive at once ! g5]al grace & t5d]ness ( s5tim5t 9 ! l9es ( ! drap]y ( ! la/1 & ! comp>atively delicate type ( features4 ,! h>dnesses ( l9e1 ge/ure1 & feature 9 ! ,g]man example1 ?\gh two c5turies at lea/ lat]1 are1 ,i ?9k1 equally notable4 ,!y are accompani$ 9 ! re/ ( ! ,,ms4 by an excessive co>s5ess 9 *oice ( ornam5tal subject3 b5ea? a female figure typical ( ! ,*ur*1 = in/ance1 !re is pa9t$ a c>cass1 j but*]$1 & hung up ) skew]s ?r\gh ! legs4 #bg4 ,v4 ,9 _m high m\nta9 di/ricts1 n only are ! inhabitants likely to be hurt by h>d%ip ( life1 & ret>d$ by r\ghness ( mann]s1 b _! eyes are famili>iz$ ) c]ta9 conditions ( ugl9ess & disord]1 produc$ by ! viol5ce ( ! elem5ts ar\nd !m4 ,once accu/om$ to look ^u ^! conditions z inevitable 9 nature1 !y may easily transf] ! idea ( inevitabl5ess & fitness to ! same appe>ances 9 _! own h\ses4 ,i said t m\nta9s seem to h be5 creat$ to %[ u ! p]fection ( beauty2 b we saw 9 ! t5? *apt] t !y also %[ sometimes ! extreme ( ugl9ess3 & to ! inhabitants ( di/ricts ( ?is k9d x is almo/ necess>y to _! daily com=t t !y %\ld view )\t dislike aspects ( desolation :i* w\ld to o!rs be frightful4 ,& c we blame !m1 if1 :5 ! riv]s are cont9ually load+ _! fields ) heaps ( black slime1 & roll+1 9 "t ( flood1 ov] ! ?ickets on _! islets1 leav+1 :5 ! flood is pa/1 e leaf & b\gh dim ) granite-du/1--nev] m to be gre5 ?r\gh all ! p>*+ ( summ]2 :5 ! l&slip leaves a gha/ly sc> among ! grassy m\nds ( ! hill side2--! rocks above are torn by _! glaci]s into rifts & w\nds t are nev] heal$2 & ! ice itself black5$ league aft] league ) loose ru9 ca/ ^u x z if out ( "s long & f\l excavation2--c we blame1 ,i say1 ! peasant1 if1 behold+ ^! ?+s daily z necess>y appo9tm5ts 9 ! /rong nature ar\nd him1 he is c>eless t ! same disord]s %\ld appe> 9 8 h\sehold or 8 f>m2 nor feels discom=t$1 ?\gh 8 walls %\ld be full ( fissures l ! rocks1 8 furniture cov]$ ) du/ l ! trees1 & 8 g>d5 l ! glaci] 9 unsightl9ess ( tr5* & desolation ( m\nd8 #bh4 ,"u ^! five heads are embrac$1 z f> z ,i am able to trace !m1 ! causes ( ! temp] :i* we are exam9+2 & x w be se5 t only ! la/ is q peculi> to m\nta9 & m>% di/ricts1 al?\gh !re is a some:at great] probability t ! o!rs also may be develop$ among hills m ?an 9 pla9s4 ,:51 by unt[>d accid5t1 all are associat$1 & ! conditions describ$ "u ! fif? head are v di/9ct1 ! result is ev5 sublime 9 its pa9fulness4 ,( places subject$ to su* evil influ5ce1 none are q s *>act]i/ic z ! t[n ( ,sion 9 ! ,valais4 ,9 ! fir/ place 7see #bc71 ! mat]ial on :i* x works is good2 ! race ( peasantry be+ !re bo? h&some & intellig5t1 z f> z !y escape ! adv]se influ5ces ar\nd !m2 s t on a fte-day or a ,sunday1 :5 ! families come d[n f ! hill *lets1 :]e ! air is heal?i]1 _m v pretty faces may be se5 among ! y\ng] wom51 set (f by some:at m pa9s 9 adju/m5t ( ! s+ul> ,valaisan co/ume ?an is n[ usual 9 o!r cantons ( ,switz]l&4 #bi4 ,secondly1 x is a bi%opric1 & q ! c5tre ( ,romanism 9 ,switz]l&1 all ! mo/ def9ite ,romani/ doctr9es be+ evid5tly believ$ s9c]ely1 & by a majority ( ! population2 ,prote/antism hav+ no hold ^u !m at all2 & republican infidelity1 ?\gh active 9 ! c\ncils ( ! commune1 hav+ z yet1 s f> z ,i c\ld see1 little influ5ce 9 ! he>ts ( h\seholds4 ,! prom95ce ( ! ,valais among ,roman ,ca?olic /ates has always be5 consid]able4 ,! ,c>d9al ( ,sion 01 ( old1 "o ( ! p]sonages mo/ tr\blesome to ! ,v5etian ambassadors at ! ,engli% ,c\rt4#ajd #cj4 ,?irdly1 x is 9 ! mid/ ( a m>%y valley1 pregnant ) v>i\s disease2 ! wat] ei!r /agnant1 or disgorg$ 9 wild torr5ts *>g$ ) e>?2 ! air1 9 ! morn+1 /agnant also1 hot1 close1 & infect$2 9 ! aft]noon1 ru%+ up f ! outlet at ,m>tigny 9 fitful & fi]ce :irlw9d2 "o side ( ! valley 9 almo/ cont9ual %ade1 ! o!r 7x runn+ ea/ & we/7 scor*$ by ! s\!rn sun1 & s5d+ /reams ( heat into ! air all night long f its torrid lime/ones2 :ile less traceable plagues ?an any ( ^! br+ on ! inhabitants1 at a c]ta9 "t ( life1 viol5t affections ( gtre1 & (t51 9 infancy1 cret9ism4 ,agriculture is att5d$ ) ! greate/ difficulties & despond5cies2 ! l& :i* ! labor ( a life has j r5d]$ fruitful is (t5 buri$ 9 an h\r2 & ! c>riage ( mat]ials1 z well z ! trav]s+ ( l& on ! /eep hill sides1 att5d$ ) extraord9>y fatigue4 #ca4 ,ow+ to ^! v>i\s influ5ces1 ,sion1 ! capital ( ! di/rict1 pres5ts "o ( ! mo/ rem>kable sc5es = ! /udy ( ! p>ticul> condition ( human feel+ at pres5t "u consid]ation t ,i "k among m\nta9s4 ,x consi/s ( little m ?an "o ma9 /reet1 w9d+ r\nd ! roots ( two ridges ( crag1 & bran*+1 on ! sides t[>ds ! rocks1 into a few n>r[ lanes1 on ! o!r1 into spaces ( wa/e gr\nd1 ( :i* "p s]ve = milit>y ex]cises1 "p are enclos$ 9 an unc]ta9 & vague way2 a dit* half-fill$ up1 or wall half-brok5 d[n1 seem+ to indicate _! belong+1 or hav+ be5 int5d$ to belong1 to "s ( ! unf9i%$ h\ses :i* are spr++ up amid/ _! we$s4 ,b x is difficult to say1 9 any "p ( ! t[n1 :at is g>d5-gr\nd or :at is wa/e2 /ill m1 :at is new build+ & :at old4 ,! h\ses h be5 = ! mo/ "p built r\ghly ( ! co>se lime/one ( ! neighbor+ hills1 !n coat$ ) pla/]1 & pa9t$1 9 imitation ( ,palladian palaces1 ) grey ar*itraves & pila/]s1 hav+ drap]ies f capital to capital4 ,) ?is false decoration is curi\sly contra/$ a great deal ( graceful1 hone/1 & orig9al ironwork1 9 bulg+ balconies1 & floret$ grat+s ( huge w9d[s1 & bran*+ sprays1 = any & e purpose ( support or gu>d4 ,! pla/]1 ) its fresco1 has 9 mo/ in/ances dropp$ away1 leav+ ! h\ses peel$ & sc>r$2 daub$ into unc]ta9 re/oration ) new mort>1 & 9 ! be/ cases ?us left2 b commonly fall5 also1 m or less1 into ru91 & ei!r ro($ ov] at ! fir/ /ory :5 ! second has fall51 or hopelessly ab&on$2--n pull$ d[n1 b left 9 :ite & gha/ly %ells to crumble into heaps ( lime/one & du/1 a paup] or two /ill inhabit+ :]e inhabitation is possible4 ,! lanes w9d among ^! ru9s2 ! blue sky & m\nta9 grass are se5 ?r\gh ! w9d[s ( _! rooms & ov] _! p>titions1 on :i* old gaudy pap]s flaunt 9 rags3 ! we$s ga!r1 & ! dogs scrat* ab\t _! f\ndations2 yet !re are no luxuriant we$s1 = _! ragg$ leaves are blan*$ ) lime1 cru%$ "u p]petually fall+ fragm5ts1 & worn away by li/less /&+ ( idle feet4 ,!re is always mason's "w do+1 always "s fre% pat*+ & :it5+2 a dull smell ( mort>1 mix$ ) t ( /ale f\lness ( e k9d1 rises ) ! du/1 & defiles e curr5t ( air2 ! corn]s are fill$ ) accumulations ( /ones1 p>tly brok51 ) cru/s ( cem5t /ick+ to !m1 & blot*es ( nitre ooz+ out ( _! pores4 ,! li*5\s rocks & sunburnt slopes ( grass /ret* !mselves hi!r & ?i!r among ! wreck1 curi\sly trav]s$ by /airs & walls & half-cut pa?s1 t disappe> bel[ />kly black ar*es1 & _c be foll[$1 or rise 9 w9d+s r\nd ! angles1 & 9 unf5c$ slopes along ! fronts1 ( ! two masses ( rock :i* be>1 "o ! d>k ca/le1 ! o!r ! old *ur* & conv5t ( ,sion2 b5ea?1 9 a rudely inclos$ squ>e at ! outskirts ( ! t[n1 a /ill m anci5t ,lomb>dic *ur* raises its grey t[]1 a k9d ( esplanade ext5d+ betwe5 x & ! ,episcopal palace1 & laid out z a plot ( grass1 int]sect$ by gravel walks2 b ! grass1 9 /range sympa?y ) ! inhabitants1 w n gr[ z grass1 b *okes itself ) a network ( grey we$s1 q wond]ful 9 its v>i\s expression ( ?orny discont5t & savag5ess2 ! blue fl[] ( ! borage1 :i* m+les ) x 9 quantities1 h>dly int]rupt+ its "*1 = ! viol5t black spots 9 ! c5tre ( its blue takes away ! t5d]ness ( ! fl[]1 & x seems to h gr[n !re 9 "s sup]natural mock]y ( its old r5[n ( be+ good aga9/ melan*oly4 ,! re/ ( ! h]bage is *iefly compos$ ( ! dw>f mall[1 ! wild succory1 ! wall-rocket1 goose-foot1 & milfoil2#aje plants1 ne>ly all ( !m1 jagg$ 9 ! leaf1 brok5 & dimly clu/]$ 9 fl[]1 haunt]s ( wa/e gr\nd & places ( outca/ refuse4 ,beyond ?is plot ( gr\nd ! ,episcopal palace1 a half-des]t$1 b>rack-l build+1 ov]looks a neglect$ v9ey>d1 ( :i* ! clu/]s1 black on ! "u side1 sn[-:ite on ! o!r ) lime-du/1 ga!r ar\nd !m a melan*oly hum ( flies4 ,?r\gh ! ar*es ( its trelliswork ! av5ue ( ! great valley is se5 9 desc5d+ di/ance1 enl>g$ ) l9e beyond l9e ( tuft$ foliage1 languid & ri*1 deg5]at+ at la/ into leagues ( grey ,m>emma1 wild ) ! ?orn & ! will[2 on ea* side ( x1 su/a9+ !mselves 9 mighty slopes & unbrok5 rea*es ( colossal promontory1 ! great m\nta9s sec$e into supremacy ?r\gh rosy dep?s ( burn+ air1 & ! cresc5ts ( sn[ gleam ov] _! dim summits z--if !re c\ld be ,m\rn+1 z once !re 0 ,w>1 9 ,heav5--a l9e ( wan+ moons might be set = lamps along ! sides ( "s sepul*ral *amb] 9 ! ,inf9ite4 #cb4 ,i "k n h[ f> ?is univ]sal grasp ( ! sorr[ful _s might be relax$ if s9c]e en]gy 7 direct$ to am5d ! ways ( life ( ! ,valaisan4 ,b x has always appe>$ to me t !re 01 ev5 9 m heal?y m\nta9 di/ricts1 a c]ta9 degree ( inevitable melan*oly2 nor c\ld ,i ev] escape f ! feel+ t "h1 :]e *iefly ! beauty ( ,god's work+ 0 manife/$ to m51 w>n+ 0 also giv51 & t to ! full1 ( ! endur+ ( ,8 indignation aga9/ s94 ,x seems "o ( ! mo/ cunn+ & frequ5t ( self-deceptions to turn ! he>t away f ?is w>n+ & refuse to ackn[l$ge any?+ 9 ! fair sc5es ( ! natural creation b b5efic5ce4 ,m5 9 g5]al lean t[>ds ! light1 s f> z !y contemplate su* ?+s at all1 mo/ ( !m pass+ by on ! o!r side1 ei!r 9 m]e plodd+ pursuit ( _! own "w1 irrespective ( :at good or evil is ar\nd !m1 or else 9 selfi% gloom1 or selfi% delight1 result+ f _! own circum/ances at ! mom5t4 ,( ^? :o give !mselves to any true contemplation1 ! plurality1 be+ humble1 g5tle1 & k9dly he>t$1 look only 9 nature = :at is lovely & k9d2 p>tly1 also1 ,god gives ! disposition to e heal?y human m9d 9 "s degree to pass ov] or ev5 h>d5 itself aga9/ evil ?+s1 else ! suff]+ w\ld be too great to be borne2 & humble p1 ) a quiet tru/ t ev]y?+ is = ! be/1 d n fairly repres5t ! facts to !mselves1 ?9k+ !m none ( _! bus9ess4 ,s1 :at betwe5 h>d-he>t$ p1 ?\ghtless p1 busy p1 humble p1 & *e]fully m9d$ p1--gidd9ess ( y\?1 & preoccupations ( age1--philosophies ( fai?1 & cruelties ( folly1--prie/ & ,levite1 masqu] & m]*antman1 all agree+ to keep _! own side ( ! way1--! evil t ,god s5ds to w>n u gets to be =gott51 & ! evil t ,he s5ds to be m5d$ by u gets left unm5d$4 ,& !n1 because p %ut _! eyes to ! d>k indisputabl5ess ( ! facts 9 front ( !m1 _! ,fai?1 su* z x is1 is %ak5 or uproot$ by e d>kness 9 :at is reveal$ to !m4 ,9 ! pres5t day x is n easy to f9d a well-mean+ man among our m e>ne/ ?9k]s1 :o w n take ^u himself to dispute ! :ole sy/em ( r$emption1 because he _c unravel ! my/]y ( ! puni%m5t ( s94 ,b c he unravel ! my/]y ( ! puni%m5t ( ,,no s98 ,c he entirely acc\nt = all t happ5s to a cab-horse8 ,has he ev] look$ fairly at ! fate ( "o ( ^? bea/s z x is dy+1--measur$ ! "w x has done1 & ! rew>d x has got1--put 8 h& ^u ! bloody w\nds ?r\gh :i* its bones are pi]c+1 & s look$ up to ,heav5 ) an entire und]/&+ ( ,heav5's ways ab\t ! horse8 ,yet ! horse is a fact--no dream--no revelation among ! myrtle trees by night2 & ! du/ x dies ^u1 & ! dogs t eat x1 are facts2--& yond] happy p]son1 ^: ! horse 0 till its knees 7 brok5 ov] ! hurdles1 :o _h an immortal s\l to beg9 )1 & weal? & peace to help =w>d 8 immortality2 :o has also devot$ ! p[]s ( 8 s\l1 & body1 & weal?1 & peace1 to ! spoil+ ( h\ses1 ! corruption ( ! innoc5t1 & ! oppression ( ! poor2 & has1 at ?is actual mom5t ( 8 prosp]\s life1 z _m curses wait+ r\nd ab\t him 9 calm %ad[1 ) _! dea?'s eyes fix$ ^u him1 bid+ _! "t1 z ev] ! poor cab-horse _h laun*$ at him 9 mean+less blasphemies1 :5 8 fail+ feet /umbl$ at ! /ones1--?is happy p]son %all h no /ripes1--%all h only ! horse's fate ( annihilation2 or1 if o!r ?+s are inde$ res]v$ = him1 ,heav5's k9dness or omnipot5ce is to be d\bt$ !re=e4 #cc4 ,we _c reason ( ^! ?+s4 ,b ?is ,i "k--& ?is may by all m5 be kn[n--t no good or lovely ?+ exi/s 9 ?is _w )\t its correspond5t d>kness2 & t ! univ]se pres5ts itself cont9ually to mank9d "u ! /]n aspect ( w>n+1 or ( *oice1 ! good & ! evil set on ! "r h& & ! left4 ,& 9 ?is m\nta9 gloom1 :i* weighs s /rongly ^u ! human he>t t 9 all "t hi!rto1 z we h se51 ! hill defiles h be5 ei!r avoid$ 9 t]ror or inhabit$ 9 p5ance1 !re is b ! fulfilm5t ( ! univ]sal law1 t :]e ! beauty & wisdom ( ! ,div9e work+ are mo/ manife/$1 !re also are manife/$ mo/ cle>ly ! t]ror ( ,god's wra?1 & inevitabl5ess ( ,8 p[]4 ,nor is ?is gloom less wond]ful s f> z x be>s witness to ! error ( human *oice1 ev5 :5 ! nature ( good & evil is mo/ def9itely set be=e x4 ,! trees ( ,p>adise 7 fair2 b our fir/ p>5ts hid !mselves f ,god 9 m$io ligni ,p>adisi1 9 ! mid/ ( ! trees ( ! g>d54 ,! hills 7 orda9$ = ! help ( man2 b1 in/ead ( rais+ 8 eyes to ! hills1 f :5ce come? 8 help1 he does 8 idol sacrifice ^u e high hill & "u e gre5 tree4 ,! m\nta9 ( ! ,"l's h\se is e/abli%$ above ! hills2 b ,nadab & ,abihu %all see "u ,8 feet ! body ( heav5 9 8 cle>ness1 yet g d[n to k9dle ! c5s] aga9/ _! own s\ls4 ,& s to ! end ( "t x w be2 to ! end1 t cry w /ill be he>d along ! ,alp9e w9ds1 ,he>1 oh ye m\nta9s1 ! ,"l's controv]sy6 ,/ill1 _! gulfs ( ?awless ice1 & unret>d$ ro> ( torm5t$ waves1 & dea?ful falls ( fruitless wa/e1 & unr$eem$ decay1 mu/ be ! image ( ! s\ls ( ^? :o h *os5 ! d>kness1 & ^: cry %all be to ! m\nta9s to fall on !m1 & to ! hills to cov] !m2 & /ill1 to ! end ( "t1 ! cle> wat]s ( ! unfail+ spr+s1 & ! :ite pa/ure-lilies 9 _! clo!d multitude1 & ! abid+ ( ! burn+ peaks 9 _! ne>ness to ! op5$ heav51 %all be ! types1 & ! bless+s1 ( ^? :o h *os5 light1 & ( :om x is writt51 ,! m\nta9s %all br+ peace to ! p1 & ! little hills1 righte\sness4 ,,footnotes #aja ,z ,i 0 correct+ ?is %eet = press1 ! morn+ pap] conta9+ ! acc\nt ( ! burn+ ( ,cov5t ,g>d5 !atre furni%$ ! foll[+ f9ancial /atem5ts1 be>+ some:at on ! matt] 9 h&2 namely1 ,t ! int]ior fitt+s ( ! !atre1 9 #ahdf1 co/ #dj1jjj ,t x 0 op5$ on ! #f? ( ,april1 #ahdg2 & t 9 #ahdh ! loss ^u x 0 #cd1gef 9 #ahdi #be1dee ------ #ajj1baa ------ ,& t 9 "o ye> ! vocal dep>tm5t co/ #cc1cdi ! ballet #h1aje ! or*e/ra #aj1jdh ------ #ea1ejb ------ ,mr4 ,albano aft]w>ds correct$ ?is /atem5t1 sub/itut+ #bg1jjj = #dj1jjj3 & p]haps ! o!r sums may also h be5 exagg]at$1 b ,i leave ! read] to consid] :at an annual exp5diture ( f #cj1jjjl4 to #ej1jjjl4 might effect 9 practical idealism 9 g5]al1 :e!r 9 ,swiss valleys or else:]e4 ,i am n "o ( ^? :o reg>d all !atrical ent]ta9m5t z wrong or h>mful4 ,i only regret to see our !atres s conduct$ z to involve an exp5se :i* is worse ?an useless1 9 lead+ our audi5ces to look = m]e /age effect1 in/ead ( good act+1 good s++1 or good s5se4 ,if we really lov$ music1 or ! drama1 we %\ld be cont5t to he> well-manag$ voices1 & see f9i%$ act+1 )\t pay+ five or six ?\s& p\nds to dress ! song/]s or decorate ! /age4 ,simple b well-*os5 dresses1 & quiet l&scape exquisitely pa9t$1 w\ld h f> m effect on ! feel+s ( any s5sible audi5ce ?an ! t9sel & extravagance ( our common sc5]y2 & our actors & actresses mu/ h little respect = _! own p[]s1 if !y ?9k t dignity ( ge/ure is dep5d5t on ! fla% ( jewell]y1 or ! pa?os ( acc5ts connect$ ) ! co/l9ess ( silk4 ,p]fect execution ( music by a limit$ or*e/ra is f> m delightful1 & f> less fatigu+1 ?an ! irregul> ro> & hum ( multitud9\s m$iocrity2 & f9i%$ in/rum5tation by an adequate numb] ( p]=m]s1 exquisite act+1 & sweete/ s++1 might be secur$ = ! public at a f\r? "p ( ! co/ n[ sp5t on op]atic absurdities4 ,!re is no occasion :atev] = decoration ( ! h\se3 x is1 on ! contr>y1 ! extreme ( vulg>ity4 ,no p]son ( good ta/e ev] goes to a !atre to look at ! fronts ( ! boxes4 ,com=table & roomy seats1 p]fect cleanl9ess1 dec5t & fitt+ curta9s & o!r furniture1 ( good /uff1 b nei!r co/ly nor tawdry1 & conv5i5t1 b n dazzl+1 light1 are ! prop] requirem5ts 9 ! furni%+ ( an op]a-h\se4 ,z = ! p]sons :o g !re to look at ea* o!r--to %[ _! dresses--to yawn away wa/e h\rs--to obta9 a maximum ( mom5t>y excitem5t--or to say !y 7 !re1 at next day's ?ree-o'clock breakfa/ 7& x is only = su* p]sons t gl>e1 co/1 & noise are necess>y71 ,i comm5d to _! consid]ation1 or at lea/ to su* consid]ation z is possible to _! capacities1 ! sugge/ions 9 ! text4 ,b to ! true lov]s ( ! drama ,i w\ld submit1 z ano!r subject ( inquiry1 :e!r !y ought n to sep>ate !mselves f ! mob1 & provide1 = _! own mode/1 quiet1 & guiltless ent]ta9m5t1 ! tru? ( he>tfelt imp]sonation1 & ! melody ( ! un=c$ & delicate voice1 )\t extravagance ( adjunct1 unheal?y lat5ess ( h\rs1 or appeal to degrad$ passions4 ,su* ent]ta9m5t might be obta9$ at inf9itely small] co/1 & yet at a price :i* w\ld secure honorable & p]man5t remun]ation to e p]=m]2 & ,i am mi/ak5 9 my notion ( ! be/ actors1 if !y w\ld n r play at a h\se :]e p w5t to he> & to feel1 ?an we>y !mselves1 ev5 = f\r times ! pay1 be=e an audi5ce insult+ 9 its li/lessness & ignorant 9 its applause4 #ajb ,!re are1 unusually1 two pa9t+s ( ?is subject1 ! fir/ repres5t+ ! prep>ations = ! sc\rg+1 ! second its close4 #ajc ,?is "* has1 ,i ?9k1 be5 trac$ 9 ! v>i\s writ+s ( ,mrs4 ,%]wood bett] ?an 9 any o!rs2 %e has a peculi> art ( mak+ x felt & ( /rik+ ! deep tone ( x z f a pass+-bell1 contra/+ x ) ! mo/ *e]ful1 lovely1 & s9c]e conditions ( ,prote/antism4 #ajd ,see ,f\r ,ye>s at ! ,c\rt ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 7,dispat*es ( ! ,v5etian ambassador ,giu/9ian1 translat$ by ,mr4 ,rawdon ,br[n17 #ahed4 #aje ,malva rotundifolia1 ,ci*orium ,intybus1 ,sisymbrium t5uifolium1 ,*5opodium urbicum1 ,a*illea ,millefolium4 ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,! ,,m\nta9 ,,glory4 #a4 ,i h dwelt1 9 ! =ego+ *apt]1 on ! sadness ( ! hills ) ! great] insi/ance t ,i fe>$ my own excessive love = !m might lead me into too favorable int]pretation ( _! influ5ces ov] ! human he>t2 or1 at lea/1 t ! read] might accuse me ( fond prejudice1 9 ! conclusions to :i*1 f9ally1 ,i desire to lead him conc]n+ !m4 ,=1 to myself1 m\nta9s are ! beg9n+ & ! end ( all natural sc5]y2 9 !m1 & 9 ! =ms ( inf]ior l&scape t lead to !m1 my affections are :olly b\nd up2 & ?\gh ,i c look ) happy admiration at ! l[l& fl[]s1 & woods1 & op5 skies1 ! happ9ess is tranquil & cold1 l t ( exam9+ deta*$ fl[]s 9 a cons]vatory1 or read+ a pleasant book2 & if ! sc5]y be resolutely level1 insi/+ ^u ! decl>ation ( its own flatness 9 all ! detail ( x1 z 9 ,holl&1 or ,l9coln%ire1 or ,c5tral ,lomb>dy1 x appe>s to me l a prison1 & ,i _c long endure x4 ,b ! slighte/ rise & fall 9 ! road1--a mossy bank at ! side ( a crag ( *alk1 ) brambles at its br[1 ov]hang+ x1--a ripple ov] ?ree or f\r /ones 9 ! /ream by ! bridge1--above all1 a wild bit ( f]ny gr\nd "u a fir or two1 look+ z if1 possibly1 "o might see a hill if "o got to ! o!r side ( ! trees1 w in/antly give me int5se delight1 because ! %ad[1 or ! hope1 ( ! hills is 9 !m4 #b4 ,& ?us1 al?\gh !re are few di/ricts ( ,nor!rn ,europe1 h[ev] app>5tly dull or tame1 9 :i* ,i _c f9d pleasure1 ?\gh ! :ole ( ,nor!rn ,france 7except ,*ampagne71 dull z x seems to mo/ travell]s1 is to me a p]petual ,p>adise2 &1 putt+ ,l9coln%ire1 ,leice/]%ire1 & "o or two su* o!r p]fectly flat di/ricts aside1 !re is n an ,engli% c\nty :i* ,i %\ld n f9d ent]ta9m5t 9 explor+ ! cross-roads (1 foot by foot2 yet all my be/ enjoym5t w\ld be ow+ to ! imag9ation ( ! hills1 color+1 ) _! f>-away memories1 e l[l& /one & h]b4 ,! pleasant ,fr5* coteau1 gre5 9 ! sun%9e1 delights me1 ei!r by :at real m\nta9 "* x has 9 itself 7= 9 ext5t & succession ( promontory ! flanks ( ! ,fr5* valleys h q ! sublimity ( true m\nta9 di/ances71 or by its brok5 gr\nd & rugg$ /eps among ! v9es1 & rise ( ! leafage above1 aga9/ ! blue sky1 z x might rise at ,vevay or ,como4 ,!re is n a wave ( ! ,se9e b is associat$ 9 my m9d ) ! fir/ rise ( ! s&/ones & =e/ p9es ( ,fonta9ebleau2 & ) ! hope ( ! ,alps1 z "o leaves ,p>is ) ! horses' heads to ! s\?-we/1 ! morn+ sun1 fla%+ on ! bright waves at ,*>5ton4 ,if !re be no hope or association ( ?is k9d1 & if ,i _c deceive myself into fancy+ t p]haps at ! next rise ( ! road !re may be se5 ! film ( a blue hill 9 ! gleam ( sky at ! horizon1 ! l&scape1 h[ev] beautiful1 produces 9 me ev5 a k9d ( sickness & pa92 & ! :ole view f ,ri*mond ,hill or ,w9dsor ,t]race1--nay1 ! g>d5s ( ,alc9\s1 ) _! p]petual summ]1--or ( ! ,hesp]ides 7if !y 7 flat1 & n close to ,atlas71 gold5 apples & all--,i w\ld give away 9 an in/ant1 = "o mossy granite /one a foot broad1 & two leaves ( lady-f]n4#ajf #c4 ,i "k t ?is is 9 great "p idiosyncrasy2 & t ,i mu/ n tru/ to my own feel+s1 9 ?is respect1 z repres5tative ( ! mod]n l&scape in/9ct2 yet ,i "k x is n idiosyncrasy1 9 s f> z !re may be prov$ to be inde$ an increase ( ! absolute beauty ( all sc5]y 9 exact proportion to its m\nta9\s "*1 provid+ t "* be heal?ily m\nta9\s4 ,i d n mean to take ! ,col de ,bon ,homme z repres5tative ( hills1 any m ?an ,i w\ld take ,romney ,m>% z repres5tative ( pla9s2 b putt+ ,leice/]%ire or ,/af=d%ire fairly beside ,we/morel&1 & ,lomb>dy or ,*ampagne fairly beside ! ,pays de ,vaud or ! ,canton ,b]ne1 ,i f9d ! increase 9 ! calculable sum ( elem5ts ( beauty to be /eadily 9 proportion to ! increase ( m\nta9\s "*2 & t ! be/ image :i* ! _w c give ( ,p>adise is 9 ! slope ( ! mead[s1 or*>ds1 & corn-fields on ! sides ( a great ,alp1 ) its purple rocks & et]nal sn[s above2 ?is excell5ce n be+ 9 any wise a matt] ref]able to feel+1 or individual pref]5ces1 b demon/rable by calm enum]ation ( ! numb] ( lovely colors on ! rocks1 ! v>i$ gr\p+ ( ! trees1 & quantity ( noble incid5ts 9 /ream1 crag1 or cl\d1 pres5t$ to ! eye at any giv5 mom5t4 #d4 ,= consid]1 fir/1 ! diff]5ce produc$ 9 ! :ole tone ( l&scape color by ! introductions ( purple1 violet1 & deep ultram>9e blue1 :i* we owe to m\nta9s4 ,9 an ord9>y l[l& l&scape we h ! blue ( ! sky2 ! gre5 ( grass1 :i* ,i w suppose 7& ?is is an unnecess>y concession to ! l[l&s7 entirely fre% & bright2 ! gre5 ( trees2 & c]ta9 elem5ts ( purple1 f> m ri* & beautiful ?an we g5]ally %\ld ?9k1 9 _! b>k & %ad[s 7b>e h$ges & ?ickets1 or tops ( trees1 9 subdu$ aft]noon sun%9e1 are ne>ly p]fect purple1 & ( an exquisite tone71 z well z 9 pl\gh$ fields1 & d>k gr\nd 9 g5]al4 ,b among m\nta9s1 9 addition to all ?is1 l>ge unbrok5 spaces ( pure violet & purple are introduc$ 9 _! di/ances2 & ev5 ne>1 by films ( cl\d pass+ ov] ! d>kness ( rav9es or =e/s1 blues are produc$ ( ! mo/ subtle t5d]ness2 ^! azures & purples#ajg pass+ into rose-color ( o!rwise :olly unatta9able delicacy among ! upp] summits1 ! blue ( ! sky be+ at ! same "t pur] & deep] ?an 9 ! pla9s4 ,nay1 9 "s s5se1 a p]son :o has nev] se5 ! rose-color ( ! rays ( dawn cross+ a blue m\nta9 twelve or fifte5 miles away1 c h>dly be said to "k :at t5d]ness 9 color means at all2 bright t5d]ness he may1 inde$1 see 9 ! sky or 9 a fl[]1 b ?is grave t5d]ness ( ! f>-away hill-purples he _c conceive4 #e4 ,toge!r ) ?is great s\rce ( preem95ce 9 mass ( color1 we h to e/imate ! influ5ce ( ! f9i%$ inlay+ & enamel-"w ( ! color-jewell]y on e /one2 & t ( ! cont9ual v>iety 9 species ( fl[]2 mo/ ( ! m\nta9 fl[]s be+1 besides1 sep>ately loveli] ?an ! l[l& ones4 ,! wood hyac9? & wild rose are1 inde$1 ! only supreme fl[]s t ! l[l&s c g5]ally %[2 & ! wild rose is also a m\nta9e]1 & m fragrant 9 ! hills1 :ile ! wood hyac9?1 or grape hyac9?1 at its be/ _c mat* ev5 ! d>k bell-g5tian1 leav+ ! light-blue />-g5tian 9 its unconte/$ que5l9ess1 & ! ,alp9e rose & ,highl& hea!r :olly )\t similitude4 ,! violet1 lily ( ! valley1 crocus1 & wood anemone are1 ,i suppose1 claimable p>tly by ! pla9s z well z ! hills2 b ! l>ge orange lily & n>cissus ,i h nev] se5 b on hill pa/ures1 & ! exquisite oxalis is preem95tly a m\nta9e]4#ajh #f4 ,to ?is supremacy 9 mosses & fl[]s we h next to add an ine/imable ga9 9 ! cont9ual pres5ce & p[] ( wat]4 ,nei!r 9 its cle>ness1 its color1 its fantasy ( motion1 its calmness ( space1 dep?1 & reflection1 or its wra?1 c wat] be conceiv$ by a l[l&]1 out ( sight ( sea4 ,a sea wave is f> gr&] ?an any torr5t--b ( ! sea & its influ5ces we are n n[ speak+2 & ! sea itself1 ?\gh x c be cle>1 is nev] calm1 among our %ores1 9 ! s5se t a m\nta9 lake c be calm4 ,! sea seems only to pause2 ! m\nta9 lake to sleep1 & to dream4 ,out ( sight ( ! ocean1 a l[l&] _c be consid]$ ev] to h se5 wat] at all4 ,! mantl+ ( ! pools 9 ! rock %ad[s1 ) ! gold5 flakes ( light s9k+ d[n ?r\gh !m l fall+ leaves1 ! r++ ( ! ?9 curr5ts among ! %all[s1 ! fla% & ! cl\d ( ! cascade1 ! e>?quake & foam-fire ( ! cat>act1 ! long l9es ( alt]nate mirror & mi/ t lull ! imag]y ( ! hills rev]s$ 9 ! blue ( morn+1--all ^! ?+s belong to ^? hills z _! undivid$ inh]itance4 #g4 ,to ?is supremacy 9 wave & /ream is jo9$ a no less manife/ preem95ce 9 ! "* ( trees4 ,x is possible among pla9s1 9 ! species ( trees :i* prop]ly belong to !m1 ! popl>s ( ,ami5s1 = in/ance1 to obta9 a s]5e simplicity ( grace1 :i*1 z ,i said1 is a bett] help to ! /udy ( gracefulness1 z su*1 ?an any ( ! wild] gr\p+s ( ! hills2 s also1 !re are c]ta9 conditions ( symmetrical luxuriance develop$ 9 ! p>k & av5ue1 r>ely rivall$ 9 _! way among m\nta9s2 & yet ! m\nta9 sup]iority 9 foliage is1 on ! :ole1 ne>ly z complete z x is 9 wat]2 = exactly z !re are "s expressions 9 ! broad rea*es ( a navigable l[l& riv]1 su* z ! ,loire or ,?ames1 n1 9 _! way1 to be mat*$ among ! rock riv]s1 & yet = all t a l[l&] _c be said to h truly se5 ! elem5t ( wat] at all2 s ev5 9 8 ri*e/ p>ks & av5ues he _c be said to h truly se5 trees4 ,= ! res\rces ( trees are n develop$ until !y h difficulty to cont5d )2 nei!r _! t5d]ness ( bro!rly love & h>mony1 till !y are =c$ to *oose _! ways ( v>i\s life :]e !re is contract$ room = !m1 talk+ to ea* o!r ) _! re/ra9$ bran*es4 ,! v>i\s action ( trees root+ !mselves 9 inhospitable rocks1 /oop+ to look into rav9es1 hid+ f ! se>* ( glaci] w9ds1 rea*+ =? to ! rays ( r>e sun%9e1 cr[d+ d[n toge!r to dr9k at sweete/ /reams1 climb+ h& 9 h& among ! difficult slopes1 op5+ 9 sudd5 dances r\nd ! mossy knolls1 ga!r+ into companies at re/ among ! fragrant fields1 glid+ 9 grave procession ov] ! heav5w>d ridges1--no?+ ( ?is c be conceiv$ among ! unvex$ & unv>i$ felicities ( ! l[l& =e/3 :ile to all ^! direct s\rces ( great] beauty are add$1 fir/ ! p[] ( r$undance1--! m]e quantity ( foliage visible 9 ! folds & on ! promontories ( a s+le ,alp be+ great] ?an t ( an entire l[l& l&scape 7unless a view f "s ca!dral t[]72 & to ?is *>m ( r$undance1 t ( cle>] visibility1--tree aft] tree be+ con/antly %[n 9 successive height1 "o beh9d ano!r1 in/ead ( ! m]e tops & flanks ( masses1 z 9 ! pla9s2 & ! =ms ( multitudes ( !m cont9ually def9$ aga9/ ! cle> sky1 ne> & above1 or aga9/ :ite cl\ds entangl$ among _! bran*es1 in/ead ( be+ confus$ 9 dimness ( di/ance4 #h4 ,f9ally1 to ?is supremacy 9 foliage we h to add ! /ill less que/ionable supremacy 9 cl\ds4 ,!re is no effect ( sky possible 9 ! l[l&s :i* may n 9 equal p]fection be se5 among ! hills2 b !re are effects by t5s ( ?\s&s1 = ev] invisible & inconceivable to ! inhabitant ( ! pla9s1 manife/$ among ! hills 9 ! c\rse ( "o day4 ,! m]e p[] ( famili>ity ) ! cl\ds1 ( walk+ ) !m & above !m1 alt]s & r5d]s cle> our :ole conception ( ! baseless ar*itecture ( ! sky2 & = ! beauty ( x1 !re is m 9 a s+le wrea? ( e>ly cl\d1 pac+ its way up an av5ue ( p9es1 or paus+ among ! po9ts ( _! fr+es1 ?an 9 all ! :ite heaps t fill ! ar*$ sky ( ! pla9s f "o horizon to ! o!r4 ,& ( ! nobl] cl\d manife/ations1--! break+ ( _! tr\bl\s seas aga9/ ! crags1 _! black spray sp>kl+ ) lightn+2 or ! go+ =? ( ! morn+ along _! pavem5ts ( mov+ m>ble1 level-laid betwe5 dome & dome ( sn[2--( ^! ?+s !re c be z little imag9ation or und]/&+ 9 an inhabitant ( ! pla9s z ( ! sc5]y ( ano!r planet ?an 8 own4 #i4 ,&1 obs]ve1 all ^! sup]iorities are matt]s pla9ly measurable & calculable1 n 9 any wise to be ref]r$ to e/imate ( s5sation4 ,( ! gr&eur or expression ( ! hills ,i h n spok52 h[ f> !y are great1 or /rong1 or t]rible1 ,i d n = ! mom5t consid]1 because va/ness1 & /r5g?1 & t]ror1 are n to all m9ds subjects ( desir$ contemplation4 ,x may make no diff]5ce to "s m5 :e!r a natural object be l>ge or small1 :e!r x be /rong or feeble4 ,b lovel9ess ( color1 p]fectness ( =m1 endlessness ( *ange1 wond]fulness ( /ructure1 are preci\s to all undiseas$ human m9ds2 & ! sup]iority ( ! m\nta9s 9 all ^! ?+s to ! l[l& is1 ,i repeat1 z measurable z ! ri*ness ( a pa9t$ w9d[ mat*$ ) a :ite "o1 or ! weal? ( a museum comp>$ ) t ( a simply furni%$ *amb]4 ,!y seem to h be5 built = ! human race1 z at once _! s*ools & ca!drals2 full ( treasures ( illum9at$ manuscript = ! s*ol>1 k9dly 9 simple lessons to ! work]1 quiet 9 pale cloi/]s = ! ?9k]1 glori\s 9 hol9ess = ! wor%ipp]4 ,& ( ^! great ca!drals ( ! e>?1 ) _! gates ( rock1 pavem5ts ( cl\d1 *oirs ( /ream & /one1 alt>s ( sn[1 & vaults ( purple trav]s$ by ! cont9ual />s1--( ^!1 z we h se51 x 0 writt51 nor long ago1 by "o ( ! be/ ( ! poor human race = :om !y 7 built1 wond]+ 9 himself = :om _! ,creator c\ld h made !m1 & ?9k+ to h entirely disc]n$ ! ,div9e int5t 9 !m--,!y are inhabit$ by ! ,bea/s4 #aj4 ,0 x !n inde$ ?us ) u1 & s lately8 ,_h mank9d (f]$ no wor%ip 9 _! m\nta9 *ur*es8 ,0 all t granite sculpture & floral pa9t+ done by ! angels 9 va98 ,n s4 ,x w ne$ no prolong$ ?\ght to conv9ce u t 9 ! hills ! purposes ( _! ,mak] h inde$ be5 accompli%$ 9 su* measure z1 ?r\gh ! s9 or folly ( m51 ,he ev] p]mits !m to be accompli%$4 ,x may n seem1 f ! g5]al language held conc]n+ !m1 or f any directly traceable results1 t m\nta9s h _h s]i\s influ5ce on human intellect2 b x w n1 ,i ?9k1 be difficult to %[ t _! occult influ5ce has be5 bo? con/ant & ess5tial to ! progress ( ! race4 #aa4 ,consid]1 fir/1 :e!r we c ju/ly refuse to attribute to _! m\nta9 sc5]y "s %>e 9 giv+ ! ,greeks & ,italians _! intellectual lead among ! nations ( ,europe4 ,!re is n a s+le spot ( l& 9 ei!r ( ^! c\ntries f :i* m\nta9s are n disc]nible2 almo/ always !y =m ! pr9cipal feature ( ! sc5]y4 ,! m\nta9 outl9es se5 f ,sp>ta1 ,cor9?1 ,a!ns1 ,rome1 ,flor5ce1 ,pisa1 ,v]ona1 are ( consummate beauty2 & :atev] dislike or contempt may be traceable 9 ! m9d ( ! ,greeks = m\nta9 rugg$ness1 _! plac+ ! %r9e ( ,apollo "u ! cliffs ( ,delphi1 & 8 ?rone ^u ,p>nassus1 0 a te/imony to all succe$+ "t t !y !mselves attribut$ ! be/ "p ( _! intellectual inspiration to ! p[] ( ! hills4 ,nor w\ld x be difficult to %[ t e great writ] ( ei!r ( ^? nations1 h[ev] little def9ite reg>d he might manife/ = ! l&scape ( 8 c\ntry1 _h be5 m5tally =m$ & discipl9$ by x1 s t ev5 su* enjoym5t z ,hom]'s ( ! pl\gh$ gr\nd & popl> groves owes its int5sity & delicacy to ! excitem5t ( ! imag9ation produc$1 )\t 8 own consci\sness1 by o!r & gr&] features ( ! sc5]y to :i* he _h be5 accu/om$ f a *ild2 & diff]s 9 e respect f ! tranquil1 vegetative1 & prosaic affection ) :i* ! same pl\gh$ l& & popl>s w\ld be reg>d$ by a native ( ! ,ne!rl&s4 ,! vague expression :i* ,i h j us$--intellectual lead1 may be exp&$ into f\r great heads2 lead 9 ,religion1 ,art & ,lit]ature1 ,w>1 & ,social ,economy4 #ab4 ,x w be "r to exam9e our subject ev5tually "u ^! f\r heads2 b ,i %all limit myself1 = ! pres5t1 to "s consid]ation ( ! fir/ two1 = a reason pres5tly to be /at$4 #a/4 ,influ5ce ( m\nta9s on religi\s temp]am5t4 ,i4 ,we h be=e _h occasion to note ! peculi> awe ) :i* m\nta9s 7 reg>d$ 9 ! middle ages1 z be>+ cont9ual witness aga9/ ! frivolity or luxury ( ! _w4 ,?\gh ! s5se ( ?is influ5ce ( !irs is p]haps m cle>ly express$ by ! m$ival ,*ri/ians ?an by any o!r sect ( religioni/s1 ! influ5ce itself has be5 con/ant 9 all "t4 ,m\nta9s h always possess$ ! p[]1 fir/1 ( excit+ religi\s en?usiasm2 secondly1 ( purify+ religi\s fai?4 ,^! two op]ations are p>tly contr>y to "o ano!r3 = ! fai? ( en?usiasm is apt to be impure1 & ! m\nta9s1 by excit+ morbid conditions ( ! imag9ation1 h caus$ 9 great "p ! leg5d>y & romantic =ms ( belief2 on ! o!r h&1 by fo/]+ simplicity ( life & dignity ( morals1 !y h purifi$ by action :at !y falsifi$ by imag9ation4 ,b1 ev5 9 _! fir/ & mo/ dang]\s influ5ce1 x is n ! m\nta9s t are to blame1 b ! human he>t4 ,:ile we m\rn ov] ! fictiti\s %ape giv5 to ! religi\s visions ( ! an*orite1 we may envy ! s9c]ity & ! dep? ( ! emotion f :i* !y spr+3 9 ! deep feel+1 we h to ackn[l$ge ! solemn influ5ces ( ! hills2 b = ! err+ modes or =ms ( ?\ght1 x is human wilfulness1 s91 & false tea*+1 t are answ]able4 ,we are n to d5y ! nobl5ess ( ! imag9ation because its direction is illegitimate1 nor ! pa?os ( ! leg5d because its circum/ances are gr\ndless2 ! ardor & ab/raction ( ! spiritual life are to be honor$ 9 !mselves1 ?\gh ! "o may be misguid$ & ! o!r deceiv$2 & ! des]ts ( ,osma1 ,assisi1 & ,monte ,viso are /ill to be ?ank$ = ! zeal !y gave1 or gu>d$1 :e!r we f9d x 9 ,/4 ,francis & ,/4 ,dom9ic1 or 9 ^? :om ,god's h& hid f !m 9 ! clefts ( ! rocks4 #ac4 ,&1 9 fact1 mu* ( ! app>5tly h>mful influ5ce ( hills on ! religion ( ! _w is no?+ else ?an _! g5]al gift ( excit+ ! poetical & inv5tive faculties1 9 peculi>ly solemn tones ( m9d4 ,_! t]ror leads into devotional ca/s ( ?\ght2 _! beauty & wildness prompt ! inv5tion at ! same "t2 & :]e ! m9d is n gift$ ) /]n reason+ p[]s1 or protect$ by purity ( tea*+1 x is sure to m+le ! inv5tion ) its cre$1 & ! vision ) its pray]4 ,/rictly speak+1 we ought to consid] ! sup]/itions ( ! hills1 univ]sally1 z a =m ( poetry2 regrett+ only t m5 h n yet le>n$ h[ to di/+ui% poetry f well-f\nd$ fai?4 ,& if we d ?is1 & enable ourselves ?us to review1 )\t c>p+ or sne]+1 ! %apes ( solemn imag9ation :i* h aris5 among ! inhabitants ( ,europe1 we %all f9d1 on ! "o h&1 ! m\nta9s ( ,greece & ,italy =m+ all ! lovelie/ dreams1 fir/ ( ! ,pagan1 !n ( ! ,*ri/ian my?ology2 on ! o!r1 ^? ( ,sc&9avia to be ! fir/ s\rces ( :atev] m5tal 7z well z milit>y7 p[] 0 br\ght by ! ,normans into ,s\!rn ,europe4 ,norm&y itself is to all int5ts & purposes a hill c\ntry2 compos$1 ov] l>ge ext5ts1 ( granite & basalt1 (t5 rugg$ & cov]$ ) hea!r on ! summits1 & trav]s$ by beautiful & s+ul> dells1 at once s(t & seclud$1 fruitful & wild4 ,we h ?us "o bran* ( ! ,nor!rn religi\s imag9ation ris+ among ! ,sc&9avian fiords1 temp]$ 9 ,france by v>i\s enc\nt]s ) elem5ts ( ,arabian1 ,italian1 ,prov5al1 or o!r ,s\!rn poetry1 & !n react+ ^u ,s\!rn ,engl&2 :ile o!r =ms ( ! same rude religi\s imag9ation1 re/+ l cl\ds ^u ! m\nta9s ( ,scotl& & ,wales1 met & m+l$ ) ! ,norman ,*ri/ianity1 reta9+ ev5 to ! late/ times "s d>k color ( sup]/ition1 b giv+ all its poetical & milit>y pa?os to ,scotti% poetry1 & a peculi> /]nness & wildness ( tone to ! ,re=m$ fai?1 9 its manife/ations among ! ,scotti% hills4 #ad4 ,x is on less disputable gr\nd t ,i may claim ! read]'s gratitude to ! m\nta9s1 z hav+ be5 ! c5tres n only ( imag9ative en]gy1 b ( purity bo? 9 doctr9e & practice4 ,! en?usiasm ( ! p]secut$ ,cov5ant]1 & 8 v>i\sly modifi$ claims to miracul\s protection or prophetic inspiration1 hold exactly ! same relation to ! smoo? proprieties ( l[l& ,prote/antism1 t ! demon-combats1 fa/+s1 visions1 & miracles ( ! m\nta9 monk or an*orite hold to ! weal? & worldl9ess ( ! ,vatican4 ,x might inde$ happ51 :e!r at ,cant]bury1 ,rheims1 or ,rome1 t a good bi%op %\ld occasionally grasp ! crozi]2 & a va/ am\nt ( prud5t1 educat$1 & admirable piety is to be f\nd among ! ranks ( ! l[l& cl]gy4 ,b /ill ! l>ge aspect ( ! matt] is always1 among ,prote/ants1 t =malism1 respectability1 or?odoxy1 caution1 & propriety1 live by ! sl[ /ream t encircles ! l[l& abbey or ca!dral2 & t en?usiasm1 pov]ty1 vital fai?1 & audacity ( conduct1 *>act]ize ! pa/or dwell+ by ! torr5t side4 ,9 l mann]1 tak+ ! l>ge aspects ( ,romanism1 we see t its wor/ corruptions1 its cunn+1 its worldl9ess1 & its p]mission ( crime1 are traceable = ! mo/ "p to l[l& prelacy2 b its self-d5ials1 its ob$i5ces1 humilities1 s9c]e claims to miracul\s p[]1 & fai?ful dis*>ges ( pa/oral duty1 are traceable *iefly to its an*orites & m\nta9 cl]gy4 #ae4 ,x is true t ! ,lady ,pov]ty ( ,/4 ,francis may %>e ! influ5ce ( ! hills 9 ! =mation ( "*2 & t1 s9ce ! cl]gy :o h little int]e/ at c\rt or conclave are ^? :o 9 g5]al w be driv5 to und]take ! hill s]vices1 we mu/ (t5 attribute to en=c$ simplicity ( life1 or natural bitt]ness ( feel+1 "s ( ! tones ( ?\ght :i* we might o!rwise h ascrib$ to ! influ5ce ( m\nta9 sc5]y4 ,su* causes1 h[ev]1 affect ! l[l& z mu* z ! highl& religi\s "* 9 all di/ricts f> f cities2 b !y d n produce ! same effects4 ,! curate or h]mit ( ! field & f51 h[ev] simple 8 life1 or pa9ful 8 lodg+1 does n (t5 atta9 ! _s ( ! hill pa/or or recluse3 we may f9d 9 him a dec5t virtue or a cont5t$ ignorance1 r>ely ! prophetic vision or ! m>tyr's passion4 ,among ! fair arable l&s ( ,engl& & ,belgium ext5ds an or?odox ,prote/antism or ,ca?olicism2 prosp]\s1 cr$itable1 & dr[sy2 b x is among ! purple moors ( ! highl& bord]1 ! rav9es ( ,mont ,g5vre1 & ! crags ( ! ,tyrol1 t we %all f9d ! simple/ ,evangelical fai?1 & ! pure/ ,romani/ practice4 #af4 ,( c\rse ! inquiry into ?is bran* ( ! hill influ5ce is p>tly complicat$ ) t into its op]ation on dome/ic habits & p]sonal "*1 ( :i* h]eaft]3 b !re is "o curi\s witness borne to ! g5]al tru? ( ! =egone conclusions1 by an app>5tly slight1 yet v significant circum/ance 9 art4 ,we h se51 9 ! prec$+ volume1 h[ difficult x 0 sometimes to di/+ui% betwe5 hone/ pa9t]s1 :o truly *ose to pa9t sacr$ subjects because !y lov$ !m1 & ! affect$ pa9t]s1 :o took sacr$ subjects = _! own pride's sake1 or = m]ely arti/ical delight4 ,among/ o!r means ( arriv+ at a conclusion 9 ?is matt]1 !re is "o helpful te/ :i* may be appli$ to _! v>i\s works1 almo/ z easily & c]ta9ly z a foot-rule c\ld be us$ to measure _! size2 & :i* rema9s an available te/ d[n to ! date ( ! rise ( ! ,claudesque l&scape s*ools4 ,ne>ly all ! g5u9e religi\s pa9t]s use /eep m\nta9 di/ances4 ,all ! m]ely arti/ical ones1 or ^? ( int]m$iate temp]1 9 proportion z !y lose ! religi\s elem5t1 use flat or simply ar*itectural di/ances4 ,( c\rse ! law is liable to _m exceptions1 *iefly dep5d5t on ! place ( bir? & e>ly associations ( pa9t]s2 b its =ce is1 ,i ?9k1 /rongly %[n 9 ?is2--t1 ?\gh ! ,flemi% pa9t]s nev] %[$ any disposition to pa9t1 = its own sake1 o!r sc5]y ?an ( _! own l& 7comp>e ,vol4 ,,iii4 ,*ap4 ,,xiii4 #bj71 ! s9c]ely religi\s ones cont9ually us$ ,alp9e di/ances1 bright ) sn[4 ,9 l mann] ,giotto1 ,p]ug9o1 ,angelico1 ! "y ,raphael1 & ,john ,bell9i1 always1 if1 ) any fitness to _! subject1 !y c introduce !m1 use craggy or blue m\nta9 di/ances1 & ?is ) def9ite expression ( love t[>ds !m2 ,leon>do1 conv5tionally1 z feel+ !y 7 necess>y = 8 sacr$ subjects1 :ile yet 8 sci5ce & idealism _h de/roy$ 8 m\nta9 s9c]ity2 ,mi*ael ,angelo1 :olly an arti/1 & ,raphael 9 lat] ye>s1 %[ no love ( m\nta9s :atev]1 :ile ! relative dep?s ( feel+ 9 ,t9toret1 ,titian1 & ,v]onese1 are precisely measurable by _! affection to m\nta9s4 ,t9toret1 ?\gh born 9 ,v5ice1 yet1 because capable ( ! greate/ rea*es ( feel+1 is ! fir/ ( ! old pa9t]s :o ev] drew m\nta9 detail rightly3#aji ,titian1 ?\gh born 9 ,cadore1 & recurr+ to x con/antly1 yet be+ m worldly-m9d$1 uses 8 hills some:at m conv5tionally1 ?\gh1 /ill 9 8 mo/ deeply felt pictures1 su* z ! ,/4 ,j]ome1 9 ! ,br]a1 giv+ to ! rocks & =e/s a consummate nobl5ess2 & ,v]onese1 9 8 gay grasp ( ! outside aspects ( ! _w1 cont5t$ly includes 8 philosophy )9 porticos & pill>s1 or at ! be/ ov]%ad[s x ) a few sprays ( laurel4 #ag4 ,! te/ fails1 h[ev]1 utt]ly1 :5 appli$ to ! lat] or transitional l&scape s*ools1 m\nta9s be+ !re introduc$ 9 m]e wanton savag5ess by ,salvator1 or vague conv5tionalism by ,claude1 ,b]ghem1 & hundr$s m4 ,?is ne$ n1 h[ev]1 9 ! lea/ invalidate our g5]al conclusions3 we surely "k already t x is possible to misuse ! be/ gifts1 & p]v]t ! pure/ feel+s2 nor ne$ we d\bt ! real purpose1 or1 on hone/ he>ts1 ! real effect1 ( m\nta9s1 because v>i\s in/itutions h be5 f\nd$ among !m by ! b&itti ( ,calabria1 z well z by ,/4 ,bruno4 #ah4 ,i _c leave ?is "p ( my subject )\t record+ a slight incid5t :i* happ5$ to myself1 s+ul>ly illu/rative ( ! religi\s "* ( ! ,alp9e peasant :5 "u favorable circum/ances ( tea*+4 ,i 0 com+ d[n "o ev5+ f ! ,ro*]s de ,naye1 above ,montreux1 hav+ be5 at "w among ! lime/one rocks1 :]e ,i c\ld get no wat]1 & bo? we>y & ?ir/y4 ,com+ to a spr+ at a turn ( ! pa?1 conduct$1 z usual1 by ! h]dsm5 into a holl[$ p9e-trunk ,i /oop$ to x & drank deeply3 z ,i rais$ my head1 draw+ brea? heavily1 "s "o beh9d me said1 ,celui qui boira de cette eau-ci1 aura encore soif4 ,i turn$1 n und]/&+ = ! mom5t :at 0 meant2 & saw "o ( ! hill-peasants1 probably return+ to 8 *let f ! m>ket-place at ,vevay or ,vill5euve4 ,z ,i look$ at him ) an uncompreh5d+ expression1 he w5t on ) ! v]se3--,mais celui qui boira de l'eau que je lui donn]ai1 n'aura jamais soif4 ,i d\bt if ?is w\ld h be5 ?\ght (1 or said1 by ev5 ! mo/ intellig5t l[l& peasant4 ,! ?\ght might h occurr$ to him1 b ! frankness ( address1 & expectation ( be+ at once und]/ood )\t a ^w ( prep>ative explanation1 z if ! language ( ! ,bible 7 famili> to all m51 m>k1 ,i ?9k1 ! m\nta9e]4 #bnd4 ,influ5ce ( m\nta9 on arti/ical p[]4 #ai4 ,we 7 next to exam9e ! influ5ce ( hills on ! arti/ical p[] ( ! human race4 ,:i* p[]1 s f> z x dep5ds on ! imag9ation1 mu/ evid5tly be fo/]$ by ! same influ5ces :i* give vitality to religi\s vision4 ,b1 s f> z arti/ical productiv5ess & skill are conc]n$1 x is evid5t t ! m\nta9e] is at a radical & insurm\ntable disadvantage4 ,! /r5g? ( 8 "* dep5ds ^u ! abs5ce ( luxury2 b x is em95tly by luxury t art is support$4 ,we are n1 !re=e1 to d5y ! m\nta9 influ5ce1 because we d n f9d f9i%$ frescoes on ! timb]s ( *lets or delicate bas-reliefs on ! ba/ion :i* protects ! m\nta9 *ur* f ! avalan*e2 b to consid] h[ f> ! tone ( m9d %[n by ! arti/s labor+ 9 ! l[l& is dep5d5t = its int5sity on ! di/ant influ5ces ( ! hills1 :e!r dur+ ! *ildhood ( ^? born among !m1 or "u ! casual contemplation ( m5 advanc$ 9 life4 #bj4 ,glanc+ broadly ov] ! /r5g? ( ! m$ival--t is to say1 ( ! peculi> & en]getic--art ( ,europe1 s z to disc]n1 ?r\gh ! cle> fl[+ ( its waves ov] ,france1 ,italy1 & ,engl&1 ! places 9 ! pool :]e ! f\nta9-heads are1 & :]e ! s& dances1 ,i %\ld fir/ po9t to ,norm&y & ,tuscany4 ,f ! ca!dral ( ,pisa1 & ! sculpture ( ! ,pisans1 ! c\rse is /raight to ,giotto1 ,angelico1 & ,raphael1--to ,orcagna & ,mi*ael ,angelo2--! ,v5etian s*ool1 9 _m respects mighti]1 be+1 nev]!less1 subsequ5t & d]ivative4 ,f ! ca!drals ( ,ca5 & ,c\tances ! c\rse is /raight to ! ,go?ic ( ,*>tres & ,notre ,dame ( ,p>is1 & !nce =w>d to all ,fr5* & ,engli% noble art1 :e!r ecclesia/ical or dome/ic4 ,n[ ! m\nta9 sc5]y ab\t ,pisa is precisely ! mo/ beautiful t surr\nds any great ,italian city1 ow+ to ! wond]ful outl9es ( ! peaks ( ,c>r>a4 ,milan & ,v]ona h inde$ f9e ranges 9 sight1 b ris+ f>!r 9 ! di/ance1 & !re=e n s directly affect+ ! popul> m9d4 ,! ,norman imag9ation1 z already notic$1 is ,sc&9avian 9 orig91 & fo/]$ by ! lovely granite sc5]y ( ,norm&y itself4 ,b !re is1 nev]!less1 ?is great diff]5ce betwe5 ,fr5* art & ,italian1 t ! ,fr5* paus$ /rangely at a c]ta9 po9t1 z ! ,norman hills are truncat$ at ! summits1 :ile ! ,italian rose /eadily to a v]tex1 z ! ,c>r>a hills to _! cre/s4 ,let u obs]ve ?is a little m 9 detail4 #ba4 ,! sculpture ( ! ,pisans 0 tak5 up & c>ri$ into v>i\s p]fection by ! ,luc*ese1 ,pi/ojans1 ,si5ese1 & ,flor5t9es4 ,all ^! are inhabitants ( truly m\nta9 cities1 ,flor5ce be+ z completely among ! hills z ,inspruck is1 only ! hills h s(t] outl9es4 ,^? ar\nd ,pi/oja & ,lucca are 9 a high degree maje/ic4 ,giotto 0 born & br$ among ^! hills4 ,angelico liv$ ^u _! slope4 ,! m\nta9 t[ns ( ,p]ugia & ,urb9o furni% ! only important bran*es ( correlative art2 = ,leon>do1 h[ev] individually great1 orig9at$ no new s*ool2 he only c>ri$ ! executive delicacy ( l&scape detail s f> beyond o!r pa9t]s z to necessitate my nam+ ! fifte5?-c5tury mann] ( l&scape aft] him1 ?\gh he did n inv5t x2 & al?\gh ! s*ool ( ,milan is di/+ui%$ by sev]al peculi>ities1 & def9itely en\gh sep>able f ! o!r s*ools ( ,italy1 all its peculi>ities are mann]isms1 n inv5tions4 ,correggio1 inde$1 creat$ a new s*ool1 ?\gh he himself is almo/ its only ma/]4 ,i h giv5 9 ! prec$+ volume ! m\nta9 outl9e se5 f ,p>ma4 ,b ! only entirely great gr\p ( pa9t]s aft] ! ,tuscans are ! ,v5etians1 & !y are head$ by ,titian & ,t9toret1 on :om we h notic$ ! influ5ce ( hills already2 & al?\gh we _c trace x 9 ,paul ,v]onese1 ,i w n quit ! m\nta9 claim ^u him2 = ,i believe all t gay & gladd5+ /r5g? ( 8 0 f$ by ! breezes ( ! hills ( ,g>da1 & bright5$ by ! swift glanc+ ( ! waves ( ! ,adige4#aaj #bb4 ,obs]ve1 h[ev]1 be=e go+ f>!r1 ( all ! pa9t]s we h nam$1 ! "o :o obta9s mo/ executive p]fection is ,leon>do1 :o on ! :ole liv$ at ! greate/ di/ance f ! hills4 ,! two :o h mo/ feel+ are ,giotto & ,angelico1 bo? hill-br$4 ,& g5]ally1 ,i believe1 we %all f9d t ! hill c\ntry gives its inv5tive dep?s ( feel+ to art1 z 9 ! "w ( ,orcagna1 ,p]ug9o1 & ,angelico1 & ! pla9 c\ntry executive neatness4 ,! executive precision is jo9$ ) feel+ 9 ,leon>do1 :o saw ! ,alps 9 ! di/ance2 x is totally unaccompani$ by feel+ 9 ! pure ,dut* s*ools1 or s*ools ( ! dead flats4 #bc4 ,i d n "k if any writ] on art1 or on ! developm5t ( national m9d1 has giv5 8 att5tion to :at seems to me "o ( ! mo/ s+ul> ph5om5a 9 ! hi/ory ( ,europe1--! pause ( ! ,engli% & ,fr5* 9 pictorial art aft] ! f\rte5? c5tury4 ,f ! days ( ,h5ry ,,iii4 to ^? ( ,elizabe?1 & ( ,l\is ,,ix4 to ^? ( ,l\is ,,xiv41 ! g5]al intellect ( ! two nations 0 /eadily on ! increase4 ,b _! art intellect 0 z /eadily retrograde4 ,! only art "w t ,france & ,engl& h done nobly is t :i* is c5traliz$ by ! ,ca!dral ( ,l9coln1 & ! ,sa9te ,*apelle4 ,we _h at t "t 7we--,fr5* & ,engli%--b ! ,fr5* fir/7 ! inconte/able lead among ,european nations2 no ?irte5?-c5tury "w 9 ,italy is comp>able = maje/y ( conception1 or weal? ( imag9ative detail1 to ! ca!drals ( ,*>tres1 ,rheims1 ,r\51 ,ami5s1 ,l9coln1 ,pet]bor\gh1 ,wells1 or ,li*field4 ,b e h\r ( ! f\rte5? c5tury saw ,fr5* & ,engli% art 9 precipitate decl9e1 ,italian 9 /eady asc5t2 & by ! "t t pa9t+ & sculpture _h develop$ !mselves 9 an approximat$ p]fection1 9 ! "w ( ,ghirl&ajo & ,m9o ( ,fsole1 we _h 9 ,france & ,engl& no workman1 9 any art1 des]v+ a workman's "n2 no?+ b skilful masons1 ) m or less love ( ! picturesque1 & r$undance ( undiscipl9$ imag9ation1 flam+ itself away 9 wild & ri* trac]ies1 & cr[d$ bosses ( grotesque figure sculpture1 & expir+ at la/ 9 b>b>\s imitation ( ! p]fect$ skill & err+ *oice ( ,r5aissance ,italy4 ,pa9t+ c\ld n decl9e1 = x _h n rea*$ any em95ce2 ! exquisite arts ( illum9ation & glass design _h l$ to no effective results 9 o!r mat]ials2 !y !mselves1 incapable ( any high] p]fection ?an !y _h rea*$ 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 p]i%$ 9 ! va9 endeavor to emulate pictorial excell5ce1 bad draw+ be+ sub/itut$1 9 books1 = lovely writ+1 & opaque precision1 9 glass1 = transp>5t p[]2 nor 9 any s+le dep>tm5t ( ex]tion did arti/s arise ( su* calibre or class z any ( ! great ,italians2 & yet all ! :ile1 9 lit]ature1 we 7 gradually & /eadily advanc+ 9 p[] up to ! "t ( ,%akesp]e2 ! ,italians1 on ! contr>y1 n advanc+ aft] ! "t ( ,dante4 #bd4 ,( c\rse ,i h no space "h to pursue a "q su* z ?is2 b ,i may /ate my belief t "o ( ! conditions involv$ 9 x 0 ! m\nta9 influ5ce ( ,italian sc5]y1 induc+ a disposition to su* indol5t or en?usia/ic rev]ie1 z c\ld only express itself 9 ! visions ( art2 :ile ! comp>atively flat sc5]y & sev]] climate ( ,engl& & ,france1 fo/]+ less en?usiasm1 & urg+ to m ex]tion1 br\ght ab\t a practical & rational temp]am5t1 progressive 9 policy1 sci5ce1 & lit]ature1 b :olly retrograde 9 art2 t is to say 7= great art may be prop]ly s def9$71 9 ! ,art ( ,dream+4 #crd4 ,influ5ce ( m\nta9s on lit]>y p[]4 #be4 ,,iii4 ,9 admitt+ ?is1 we seem to involve ! supposition t m\nta9 influ5ce is ei!r unfavorable or iness5tial to lit]>y p[]2 b = ?is also ! m\nta9 influ5ce is /ill necess>y1 only 9 a subord9ate degree4 ,x is true1 inde$1 t ! ,avon is no m\nta9 torr5t1 & t ! hills r\nd ! vale ( ,/rat=d are n sublime2 true1 moreov]1 t ! cantons ,b]ne or ,uri h nev] yet1 s f> z ,i "k1 produc$ a great poet2 b nei!r1 on ! o!r h&1 has ,antw]p or ,am/]dam4 ,&1 ,i believe1 ! natural sc5]y :i* w be f\nd1 on ! :ole1 productive ( mo/ lit]>y intellect is t m+l$ ( hill & pla91 z all available light is ( flame & d>kness2 ! flame be+ ! active elem5t1 & ! d>kness ! temp]+ "o4 #bf4 ,9 not+ su* evid5ce z be>s ^u ?is subject1 ! read] mu/ always rememb] t ! m\nta9s are at an unfair disadvantage1 9 be+ mu* out ( ! way ( ! masses ( m5 employ$ 9 intellectual pursuits4 ,! position ( a city is dictat$ by milit>y necessity or comm]cial conv5i5ce2 x rises1 fl\ri%es1 & absorbs into its activity :atev] lead+ intellect is 9 ! surr\nd+ population4 ,! p]sons :o are able & desir\s to give _! *ildr5 education naturally resort to x2 ! be/ s*ools1 ! be/ society1 & ! /ronge/ motives assi/ & excite ^? born )9 its walls2 & y\? aft] y\? rises to di/9ction out ( its /reets1 :ile among ! blue m\nta9s1 tw5ty miles away1 ! goa!rds live & die 9 unreg>d$ l[l9ess4 ,& yet ?is is no pro( t ! m\nta9s h little effect ^u ! m9d1 or t ! /reets h a helpful "o4 ,! m5 :o are =m$ by ! s*ools1 & poli%$ by ! society ( ! capital1 may yet 9 _m ways h _! p[]s %ort5$ by ! abs5ce ( natural sc5]y2 & ! m\nta9e]1 neglect$1 ignorant1 & unambiti\s1 may h be5 taught ?+s by ! cl\ds & /reams :i* he c\ld n h le>n$ 9 a college1 or a cot]ie4 #bg4 ,& 9 reason+ ab\t ! effect ( m\nta9s we are !re=e "u a difficulty l t :i* w\ld occur to u if we _h to det]m9e ! good or bad effect ( light on ! human con/itution1 9 "s place :]e all corporal ex]cise 0 necess>ily 9 p>tial d>kness1 & only idle p liv$ 9 ! light4 ,! ex]cise might give an advantage to ! occupants ( ! gloom1 b we %\ld nei!r be ju/ifi$ 9 !re=e d5y+ ! preci\sness ( light 9 g5]al1 nor ! necessity to ! work]s ( ! few rays !y possess$2 & ?us ,i suppose ! hills ar\nd ,/rat=d1 & su* glimpses z ,%akesp]e _h ( s&/one & p9es 9 ,w>wick%ire1 or ( *alk cliffs 9 ,k5t1 to h be5 ess5tial to ! developm5t ( 8 g5ius4 ,?is supposition c only be prov$ false by ! ris+ ( a ,%akesp]e at ,rott]dam or ,b]g5-op-,zoom1 :i* ,i ?9k n probable2 :]eas1 on ! o!r h&1 x is confirm$ by myriads ( collat]al evid5ces4 ,! matt] c\ld only be te/$ by plac+ = half a c5tury ! ,briti% univ]sities at ,keswick1 & ,b$dgel]t1 & mak+ ,gr5oble ! capital ( ,france2 b if1 ?r\gh\t ! hi/ory ( ,brita9 & ,france1 we contra/ ! g5]al inv5tion & pa!tic p[]1 9 ballads or leg5ds1 ( ! inhabitants ( ! ,scotti% ,bord] ) ^? manife/$ 9 ,suffolk or ,essex2 & simil>ly ! inv5tive p[] ( ,norm&y1 ,prov5ce1 & ! ,be>nois ) t ( ,*ampagne or ,pic>dy1 we %all obta9 "s conv9c+ evid5ce respect+ ! op]ation ( hills on ! masses ( mank9d1 & be dispos$ to admit1 ) less hesitation1 t ! app>5t inconsi/5cies 9 ! effect ( sc5]y on great] m9ds proce$ 9 ea* case f specialities ( education1 accid5t1 & orig9al temp]1 :i* x w\ld be impossible to foll[ out 9 detail4 ,sometimes only1 :5 ! orig9al resemblance 9 "* ( intellect is v m>k$ 9 two individuals1 & !y are submitt$ to def9itely contr>y circum/ances ( education1 an approximation to evid5ce may be obta9$4 ,?us ,bacon & ,pascal appe> to be m5 naturally v simil> 9 _! temp] & p[]s ( m9d4 ,"o1 born 9 ,york ,h\se1 ,/r&1 ( c\rtly p>5ts1 educat$ 9 c\rt atmosph]e1 & reply+1 almo/ z soon z he c\ld speak1 to ! que5 ask+ h[ old he 0--,two ye>s y\ng] ?an ,y\r ,maje/y's happy reign6--has ! _w's meanness & cunn+ engraft$ into 8 intellect1 & rema9s smoo?1 s]5e1 un5?usia/ic1 & 9 "s degree base1 ev5 ) all 8 s9c]e devotion & univ]sal wisdom2 be>+1 to ! end ( life1 ! lik5ess ( a m>ble palace 9 ! /reet ( a great city1 fairly furni%$ )91 & bright 9 wall & battlem5t1 yet noisome 9 places ab\t ! f\ndations4 ,! o!r1 born at ,cl]mont1 9 ,auv]gne1 "u ! %ad[ ( ! ,puy de ,dme1 ?\gh tak5 to ,p>is at eight ye>s old1 reta9s = ev] ! impress ( 8 bir?place2 pursu+ natural philosophy ) ! same zeal z ,bacon1 he returns to 8 own m\nta9s to put himself "u _! tutelage1 & by _! help fir/ discov]s ! great relations ( ! e>? & ! air3 /ruck at la/ ) mortal disease2 gloomy1 en?usia/ic1 & sup]/iti\s1 ) a consci5ce burn+ l lava1 & inflexible l iron1 ! cl\ds ga!r ab\t ! maje/y ( him1 fold aft] fold2 &1 ) 8 _s buri$ 9 a%es1 & r5t by e>?quake1 yet fruitful ( true ?\ght & fai?ful affection1 he /&s l t m\nd ( desolate scoria t cr[ns ! hill ranges ( 8 native l&1 ) its sable summit f> 9 heav51 & its f\ndations gre5 ) ! ord]$ g>d5 & ! trellis$ v9e4 #bh4 ,:51 h[ev]1 our inquiry ?us bran*es into ! successive analysis ( individual *>act]s1 x is "t = u to leave x2 not+ only "o or two po9ts respect+ ,%akesp]e1 :om1 ,i d\bt n1 ! read] 0 surpris$ to f9d left out ( all our comp>isons 9 ! prec$+ volume4 ,he seems to h be5 s5t ess5tially to take univ]sal & equal grasp ( ! human nature2 & to h be5 remov$1 !re=e1 f all influ5ces :i* c\ld 9 ! lea/ w>p or bias 8 ?\ghts4 ,x 0 necess>y t he %\ld lean no way2 t he %\ld contemplate1 ) absolute equality ( judgm5t1 ! life ( ! c\rt1 cloi/]1 & tav]n1 & be able to sympa?ize s completely ) all creatures z to deprive himself1 toge!r ) 8 p]sonal id5tity1 ev5 ( 8 consci5ce1 z he ca/s himself into _! he>ts4 ,he mu/ be able to ent] into ! s\l ( ,fal/aff or ,%ylock ) no m s5se ( contempt or horror ?an ,fal/aff or ,%ylock !mselves feel = or 9 !mselves2 o!rwise 8 own consci5ce & indignation w\ld make him unju/ to !m2 he w\ld turn aside f some?+1 miss "s good1 or ov]look "s ess5tial palliation4 ,he mu/ be utt]ly )\t ang]1 utt]ly )\t purpose2 = if a man has any s]i\s purpose 9 life1 t :i* runs c\nt] to x1 or is =eign to x1 w be look$ at fr[n+ly or c>elessly by him4 ,%akesp]e 0 =bidd5 ( ,heav5 to h any plans4 ,to d any good or get any good1 9 ! common s5se ( good1 0 n to be )9 8 p]mitt$ range ( "w4 ,n1 = him1 ! f\nd+ ( in/itutions1 ! prea*+ ( doctr9es1 or ! repression ( abuses4 ,nei!r he1 nor ! sun1 did on any morn+ t !y rose toge!r1 receive *>ge f _! ,mak] conc]n+ su* ?+s4 ,!y 7 bo? ( !m to %9e on ! evil & good2 bo? to behold un(f5d$ly all t 0 ^u ! e>?1 to burn unappall$ ^u ! spe>s ( k+s1 & undisda9+1 ^u ! re$s ( ! riv]4 #bi4 ,!re=e1 s f> z nature _h influ5ce ov] ! e>ly tra9+ ( ?is man1 x 0 ess5tial to 8 p]fectness t ! nature %\ld be quiet4 ,no m\nta9 passions 7 to be all[$ 9 him4 ,inflict ^u him b "o pang ( ! mona/ic consci5ce2 ca/ ^u him b "o cl\d ( ! m\nta9 gloom2 & 8 s]5ity _h be5 gone = ev]--8 equity--8 inf9ity4 ,y w\ld h made ano!r ,dante ( him2 & all t he w\ld h ev] utt]$ ab\t poor1 soil$1 & frail humanity w\ld h be5 ! qu>rel betwe5 ,s9on & ,adam ( ,brescia1--spe$ily retir$ f1 z n wor?y a man's he>+1 nay1 n to be he>d )\t heavy fault4 ,all y\r ,fal/affs1 ,sl5d]s1 ,quicklys1 ,sir ,tobys1 ,lances1 ,t\*/ones1 & ,qu9ces w\ld h be5 lo/ 9 t4 ,%akesp]e c\ld be all[$ no m\nta9s2 nay1 n ev5 any supreme natural beauty4 ,he _h to be left ) 8 k+cups & clov]2--pansies--! pass+ cl\ds--! ,avon's fl[--& ! undulat+ hills & woods ( ,w>wick2 nay1 he 0 n to love ev5 ^! 9 any exce$+ measure1 le/ x might make him 9 ! lea/ ov]rate _! p[] ^u ! /rong1 full-fl$g$ m9ds ( m54 ,he makes ! qu>rell+ fairies conc]n$ ab\t !m2 poor lo/ ,ophelia f9d "s com=t 9 !m2 fe>ful1 fair1 wise-he>t$ ,p]dita tru/ ! speak+ ( h] good w & good ho/ess-%ip to !m2 & "o ( ! bro!rs ( ,imog5 confide 8 sorr[ to !m1--rebuk$ in/antly by 8 bro!r = w5*-l words2#aaa b any ?\ght ( !m 9 8 mighty m5 ,i d n f9d3 x is n usually 9 ! nature ( su* m52 & if he _h lov$ ! fl[]s ! lea/ bett] himself1 he w\ld assur$ly h be5 (f5d$ at ?is1 & giv5 a botanical turn ( m9d to ,cs>1 or ,o!llo4 #cj4 ,& x is ev5 among ! mo/ curi\s pro(s ( ! necessity to all high imag9ation t x %\ld pa9t /raight f ! life1 t he has n giv5 su* a turn ( m9d to "s ( 8 great m52--,h5ry ! ,fif?1 = in/ance4 ,d\btless "s ( my read]s1 hav+ be5 accu/om$ to he> x repeat$ ?\ghtlessly f m\? to m\? t ,%akesp]e conceiv$ ! _s ( all ages1 7 z mu* (f5d$ z surpris$ at my say+ t he only pa9t$ human nature z he saw x 9 8 own "t4 ,!y w f9d1 if !y look into 8 "w closely1 z mu* antiqu>ianism z !y d geography1 & no m4 ,! commonly receiv$ notions ab\t ! ?+s t _h be51 ,%akesp]e took z he f\nd !m1 animat+ !m ) pure human nature1 ( any "t & all "t2 b inquiries into ! m9or detail ( tempor>y feel+1 he despis$ z utt]ly z he did maps2 & :]esoev] ! tempor>y feel+ 0 9 anywise contr>y to t ( 8 own day1 he errs frankly1 & pa9ts f 8 own "t4 ,= in/ance 9 ?is matt] ( love ( fl[]s2 we h trac$ already1 f> en\gh = our g5]al purposes1 ! m$ival int]e/ 9 !m1 :e!r to be enjoy$ 9 ! fields1 or to be us$ = types ( ornam5tation 9 dress4 ,if ,%akesp]e _h c>$ to ent] into ! _s ev5 ( ! e>ly fifte5? c5tury1 he w\ld assur$ly h m>k$ ?is affection 9 "s ( 8 knights1 & indicat$1 ev5 !n1 9 h]oic temp]s1 ! peculi> respect = lovel9ess ( dress :i* we f9d con/antly 9 ,dante4 ,b he c\ld n d ?is2 he _h n se5 x 9 real life4 ,9 8 "t dress _h become an affectation & absurdity4 ,only fools1 or wise m5 9 _! weak mom5ts1 %[$ mu* conc]n ab\t x2 & ! facts ( human nature :i* appe>$ to him g5]al 9 ! matt] 7 ! soldi]'s disda91 & ! coxcomb's c>e ( x4 ,h5ce ,%akesp]e's good soldi] is almo/ always 9 pla9 or batt]$ armor2 ev5 ! spee* ( ,v]non 9 ,h5ry ! ,f\r?1 :i*1 z f> z ,i rememb]1 is ! only "o t be>s fully ^u ! beauty ( armor1 leans m ^u ! _s & he>ts ( m5--bat$1 l eagles hav+ lately ba!d2 & has an "u-curr5t ( slight contempt runn+ ?r\gh ! foll[+ l9e1 ,glitt]+ 9 gold5 coats1 l images2 :ile ! beauty ( ! "y ,h>ry is ess5tially ! beauty ( fi]y & p]fect y\?1 answ]+ z mu* to ! ,greek1 or ,roman1 or ,elizabe?an knight z to ! m$ival "o2 :]eas ! def9ite int]e/ 9 armor & dress is oppos$ by ,%akesp]e 9 ! ,fr5* 7mean+ to depreciate !m71 to ! ,engli% rude soldi]l9ess3 ,con4 ,tut1 ,i h ! be/ armor 9 ! _w4 ,w\ld x 7 day6 ,orl4 ,y h an excell5t armor1 b let my horse h 8 due4 ,& aga93 ,my "l con/able1 ! armor t ,i saw 9 y\r t5t to-night1 are ^? />s1 or suns1 ^u x8 :ile ,h5ry1 half pr\d ( 8 poorness ( array1 speaks ( armorial spl5dor scornfully2 ! ma9 idea be+ /ill ( its be+ a gild$ %[ & vanity-- ,our gayness & our gilt are all besmir*$4 ,?is is ess5tially ,elizabe?an4 ,! qu>t]+s on a knight's %ield1 or ! inlay+ ( 8 armor1 w\ld nev] h be5 ?\ght ( by him z m]e gayness or gilt 9 e>li] days4#aab ,9 l mann]1 ?r\gh\t e scale ( rank or feel+1 f t ( ! ,fr5* knights d[n to ,fal/aff's ,i look$ he %\ld h s5t me two-&-tw5ty y>ds ( sat91 z ,i am true knight1 & he s5ds me security6 c>e = dress is always consid]$ by ,%akesp]e z contemptible2 & ,mrs4 ,quickly di/+ui%es h]self f a true fairy by h] solicitude to sc\r ! *airs ( ord]--& ea* fair in/alm5t1 coat1 & sev]al cre/2 & ! association 9 h] m9d ( ! fl[]s 9 ! fairy r+s ) ! ,sapphire1 pe>l1 & ri* embroid]y1 ,buckl$ bel[ fair knigh?ood's b5d+ knee2 :ile ! true fairies1 9 field simplicity1 are only anxi\s to sweep ! du/ beh9d ! door2 & ,) ?is field dew consecrate1 ,e sev]al *amb] bless ,?r\gh ?is palace ) sweet peace4 ,note ! expression ,field dew consecrate4 ,%akesp]e lov$ c\rts & camps2 b he felt t sacr$ness & peace 7 9 ! dew ( ! ,fields only4 #ca4 ,!re is ano!r respect 9 :i* he 0 :olly incapable ( ent]+ into ! _s ( ! middle ages4 ,he _h no great art ( any k9d ar\nd him 9 8 own c\ntry1 & 01 consequ5tly1 j z p[]less to conceive ! g5]al influ5ce ( =m] art1 z a man ( ! mo/ inf]ior calibre4 ,!re=e x 01 t ,i did n c>e to quote 8 au?ority respect+ ! p[] ( imitation1 9 ! second *apt] ( ! prec$+ volume4 ,if x _h be5 ne$ful to add 8 te/imony to t ( ,dante 7giv5 9 #e71 ,i might h quot$ multitudes ( passages :olly concurr+ ) t1 ( :i* ! fair ,portia's c\nt]feit1 ) ! foll[+ l9es1 & ! impli$ ideal ( sculpture 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale1 are :olly unansw]able in/ances4 ,b ,%akesp]e's evid5ce 9 matt]s ( art is z n>r[ z ! range ( ,elizabe?an art 9 ,engl&1 & resolves itself :olly into admiration ( two ?+s1--mock]y ( life 7z 9 ?is in/ance ( ,h]mione z a /atue71 or absolute spl5dor1 z 9 ! close ( ,romeo & ,juliet1 :]e ! notion ( gold z ! *ief s\rce ( dignity ( aspect1 com+ d[n to ,%akesp]e f ! times ( ! ,field ( ! ,clo? ( ,gold1 &1 z ,i said be=e1 /rictly ,elizabe?an1 w\ld int]f]e s]i\sly ) ! pa?os ( ! :ole passage1 b = ! s5se ( sacrifice impli$ 9 x3 ,z ri* %all ,romeo by 8 lady lie ,poor sacrifices ( our enmity4 #cb4 ,& obs]ve1 ,i am n giv+ ^! examples z pro( ( any smallness 9 ,%akesp]e1 b ( 8 greatness2 t is to say1 ( 8 cont5tm5t1 l e o!r great man :o ev] brea!d1 to pa9t no?+ b :at he saw2 & !re=e giv+ p]petual evid5ce t 8 sight 0 ( ! sixte5?1 & n ( ! ?irte5? c5tury1 b5ea? all ! broad & et]nal humanity ( 8 imag9ation4 ,h[ f> 9 ^! mod]n days1 empti$ ( spl5dor1 x may be necess>y = great m5 hav+ c]ta9 sympa?ies = ^? e>li] ages1 to act 9 ?is diff]5tly f all _! pr$ecessors2 & h[ f> !y may succe$ 9 ! resuscitation ( ! pa/ by habitually dwell+ 9 all _! ?\ghts among vani%$ g5]ations1 are que/ions1 ( all practical & pres5t ones conc]n+ art1 ! mo/ difficult to decide2 = already 9 poetry sev]al ( our true/ m5 h set !mselves to ?is task1 & h inde$ put m vitality into ! %ad[s ( ! dead ?an mo/ o!rs c give ! pres5ces ( ! liv+4 ,?us ,longfell[1 9 ! ,gold5 ,leg5d1 has ent]$ m closely into ! temp] ( ! ,monk1 = good & = evil1 ?an ev] yet !ological writ] or hi/orian1 ?\gh !y may h giv5 _! life's labor to ! analysis3 &1 aga91 ,rob]t ,br[n+ is un]r+ 9 e s5t5ce he writes ( ! ,middle ,ages2 always vital1 "r1 & pr(\nd2 s t 9 ! matt] ( art1 ) :i* we h be5 specially conc]n$1 !re is h>dly a pr9ciple connect$ ) ! m$ival temp]1 t he has n /ruck ^u 9 ^? seem+ly c>eless & too rugg$ rhymes ( 84 ,!re is a curi\s in/ance1 by ! way1 9 a %ort poem ref]r+ to ?is v subject ( tomb & image sculpture2 & illu/rat+ j "o ( ^? phases ( local human "* :i*1 ?\gh belong+ to ,%akesp]e's own age1 he nev] notic$1 because x 0 specially ,italian & un-,engli%2 connect$ also closely ) ! influ5ce ( m\nta9s on ! he>t1 & !re=e ) our imm$iate inquiries4 ,i mean ! k9d ( admiration ) :i* a s\!rn arti/ reg>d$ ! /one he work$ 92 & ! pride :i* populace or prie/ took 9 ! possession ( preci\s m\nta9 sub/ance1 work$ into ! pavem5ts ( _! ca!drals1 & ! %afts ( _! tombs4 #cc4 ,obs]ve1 ,%akesp]e1 9 ! mid/ ( ar*itecture & tombs ( wood1 or free/one1 or brass1 naturally ?9ks ( gold z ! be/ enri*+ & ennobl+ sub/ance = !m2--9 ! mid/ also ( ! fev] ( ! ,r5aissance he writes1 z e "o else did1 9 praise ( precisely ! mo/ vici\s ma/] ( t s*ool--,giulio ,romano2 b ! mod]n poet1 liv+ mu* 9 ,italy1 & quit ( ! ,r5aissance influ5ce1 is able fully to ent] into ! ,italian feel+1 & to see ! evil ( ! ,r5aissance t5d5cy1 n because he is great] ?an ,%akesp]e1 b because he is 9 ano!r elem5t1 & has se5 o!r ?+s4 ,i miss fragm5ts "h & !re n ne$$ = my purpose 9 ! passage quot$1 )\t putt+ a/]isks1 = ,i weak5 ! poem en\gh by ! omissions1 )\t spoil+ x also by breaks4 ,! ,bi%op ord]s 8 tomb 9 ,/4 ,prax$'s ,*ur*4 ,z "h ,i lie ,9 ?is /ate *amb]1 dy+ by degrees1 ,h\rs1 & long h\rs1 9 ! dead night1 ,i ask1 ,d ,i live--am ,i dead8 ,peace1 peace1 seems all2 ,/4 ,prax$'s ev] 0 ! *ur* = peace4 ,& s1 ab\t ?is tomb ( m9e4 ,i f\ght ,) too? & nail to save my ni*e1 ye "k2 ,old ,g&olf#aac coz5$ me1 despite my c>e4 ,%rewd 0 t snat* f out ! corn] s\? ,he grac$ 8 c>rion )4 ,yet /ill my ni*e is n s cramp$ b !nce ,"o sees ! pulpit o' ! epi/le side1 ,& some:at ( ! *oir1 ^? sil5t seats2 ,& up into ! a]y dome :]e live ,! angels1 & a sunbeam's sure to lurk4 ,& ,i %all fill my slab ( basalt !re1 ,& 'nea? my tab]nacle take my re/1 ,) ^? n9e columns r\nd me1 two & two1 ,! odd "o at my feet1 :]e ,anselm#aad /&s2 ,pea*-blossom m>ble all4 ,swift z a weav]'s %uttle fleet our ye>s3 ,man goe? to ! grave1 & :]e is he8 ,did ,i say basalt = my slab1 sons8 ,black-- ',twas ev] antique-black#aae ,i meant6 ,h[ else ,%all ye contra/ my frieze to come b5ea?8 ,! bas-relief 9 bronze ye promis$ me1 ,^? ,pans & ,nymphs ye wot (1 & p]*ance ,"s tripod1 ?yrsus1 ) a vase or s1 ,! ,savi\r at 8 s]mon on ! m\nt1 ,/4 ,prax$ 9 a glory1 & "o ,pan1 ,& ,moses ) ! tables 444 b ,i "k ,ye m>k me n6 ,:at d !y :isp] !e1 ,*ild ( my b[els1 ,anselm8 ,ah1 ye hope ,to revel d[n my villas :ile ,i gasp1 ,brick$ o'er ) begg>'s m\ldy trav]t9e1 ,:i* ,g&olf f 8 tomb-top *uckles at6 ,nay1 boys1 ye love me--all ( jasp]1 !n6 ,!re's pl5ty jasp] some:]e 9 ! _w-- ,& h ,i n ,/4 ,prax$'s e> to pray ,horses = ye1 & br[n ,greek manuscripts4 ,t's if ye c>ve my epitaph aright1 ,*oice ,lat91 pick$ phrase1 ,tully's e ^w1 ,no gaudy w>e l ,g&olf's second l9e-- ,tully1 my ma/]s8 ,ulpian s]ves 8 ne$4 #cd4 ,i "k no o!r piece ( mod]n ,engli%1 prose or poetry1 9 :i* !re is s mu* told1 z 9 ^! l9es1 ( ! ,r5aissance _s1--its worldl9ess1 inconsi/5cy1 pride1 hypocrisy1 ignorance ( itself1 love ( art1 ( luxury1 & ( good ,lat94 ,x is ne>ly all t ,i said ( ! c5tral ,r5aissance 9 ?irty pages ( ! ,/ones ( ,v5ice put into z _m l9es1 ,br[n+'s be+ also ! antec$5t "w4 ,! wor/ ( x is t ?is k9d ( conc5trat$ writ+ ne$s s mu* solution be=e ! read] c fairly get ! good ( x1 t p's pati5ce fails !m1 & !y give ! ?+ up z insoluble2 ?\gh1 truly1 x ought to be to ! curr5t ( common ?\ght l ,salad9's talisman1 dipp$ 9 cle> wat]1 n soluble altoge!r1 b mak+ ! elem5t m$ic9al4 #ce4 ,x is int]e/+1 by ! way1 ) respect to ?is love ( /ones 9 ! ,italian m9d1 to consid] ! diff]5ce necessitat$ 9 ! ,engli% temp] m]ely by ! g5]al dome/ic use ( wood in/ead ( m>ble4 ,9 t old ,%akesp]ian ,engl&1 m5 mu/ h r5d]$ a grateful homage to _! oak =e/s1 9 ! s5se ( all t !y ow$ to _! goodly timb]s 9 ! wa9scot & furniture ( ! rooms !y lov$ be/1 :5 ! blue ( ! fro/y midnight 0 contra/$1 9 ! d>k diamonds ( ! lattice1 ) ! gl[+ br[n ( ! w>m1 fire-light$1 crimson-tape/ri$ walls4 ,n less w\ld an ,italian look ) a grateful reg>d on ! hill summits1 to :i* he ow$1 9 ! scor*+ ( 8 summ] noonday1 escape into ! m>ble corridor or crypt palpitat+ only ) cold & smoo? v>iegation ( ! unfev]$ m\nta9 ve9s4 ,9 "s sort1 z1 bo? 9 our /ubbornness & our com=t1 we n unfitly describe ourselves typically z ,he>ts ( ,oak1 ! ,italians might 9 _! /range & v>iegat$ m+l+ ( passion1 l purple color1 ) a cruel /]nness1 l :ite rock1 truly describe !mselves z ,he>ts ( ,/one4 #cf4 ,into ?is feel+ ab\t m>ble 9 dome/ic use1 ,%akesp]e1 hav+ se5 x ev5 9 nor!rn luxury1 c\ld p>tly ent]1 & m>ks x 9 sev]al passages ( 8 ,italian plays4 ,b if ! read] /ill d\bts 8 limitation to 8 own exp]i5ce 9 all subjects ( imag9ation1 let him consid] h[ ! removal f m\nta9 influ5ce 9 8 y\?1 s necess>y = ! p]fection ( 8 l[] human sympa?y1 prev5t$ him f ev] r5d]+ ) any =ce ! feel+s ( ! m\nta9 an*orite1 or indicat+ 9 any ( 8 monks ! deep _s ( mona/icism4 ,worldly c>d9als or nuncios he c fa?om to ! utt]mo/2 b :]e1 9 all 8 ?\ghts1 d we f9d ,/4 ,francis1 or ,abbot ,samson8 ,! ,fri> ( ,%akesp]e's plays is almo/ ! only /age conv5tionalism :i* he admitt$2 g5]ally no?+ m ?an a weak old man :o lives 9 a cell1 & has a rope ab\t 8 wai/4 #cg4 ,:ile1 f9ally1 9 su* slight allusions z he makes to m\nta9 sc5]y itself1 x is v curi\s to obs]ve ! accurate limitation ( 8 sympa?ies to su* ?+s z he _h kn[n 9 8 y\?2 & 8 entire pref]5ce ( human int]e/1 & ( c\rtly & k+ly dignities to ! nobl5ess ( ! hills4 ,?is is mo/ m>k$ 9 ,cymbel9e1 :]e ! t]m m\nta9e] is1 z ) ,dante1 always "o ( reproa*2 & ! noble bir? ( ,arviragus & ,guid]ius is %[n by _! hold+ _! m\nta9 cave z ,a cell ( ignorance2 travell+ ab$4 ,a prison = a debtor2 & !mselves1 educat$ among hills1 z 9 all ?+s contemptible3 ,we are bea/ly2 subtle z ! fox1 = prey2 ,l w>like z ! wolf1 = :at we eat3 ,our valor is to *ase :at flies2 our cage ,we make our *oir1 z do? ! prison$ bird4 ,a few phrases occur "h & !re :i* might ju/ify ! supposition t he _h se5 high m\nta9s1 b nev] imply+ awe or admiration4 ,?us ,demetrius3 ,^! ?+s seem small & indi/+ui%able1 ,l f>-(f m\nta9s1 turn$ into cl\ds4 ,taurus sn[1 & ! fro/y ,caucasus1 are us$ m]ely z types ( purity or cold2 & ?\gh ! avalan*e is once spok5 ( z an image ( p[]1 x is ) in/antly foll[+ depreciation3 ,ru% on 8 ho/1 z do? ! melt$ sn[ ,^u ! valleys1 ^: l[ vassal seat ,! ,alps do? spit & void 8 rheum ^u4 #ch4 ,!re 0 only "o ?+ belong+ to hills t ,%akesp]e seem$ to feel z noble--! p9e tree1 & t 0 because he _h se5 x 9 ,w>wick%ire1 clumps ( p9e occasionally ris+ on little s&/one m\nds1 z at ! place ( execution ( ,pi]s ,gave/on1 above ! l[l& woods4 ,he t\*es on ?is tree fondly aga9 & aga94 ,z r\gh1 ,_! royal blood en*af$1 z ! rud'/ w9d1 ,t by 8 top do? take ! m\nta9 p9e1 ,& make him /oop to ! vale4 ,! /rong-bas$ promontory ,h ,i made %ake1 & by ! spurs pluck$ up ,! p9e & c$>4 ,:]e note 8 obs]vance ( ! peculi> horizontal roots ( ! p9e1 spurr$ z x is by !m l ! claw ( a bird1 & p>tly propp$1 z ! aiguilles by ^? rock promontories at _! bases :i* ,i h always call$ _! spurs1 ?is obs]vance ( ! p9e's /r5g? & animal-l grasp be+ ! *ief reason = 8 *oos+ x1 above all o!r trees1 = ,ariel's prison4 ,aga93 ,y may z well =bid ! m\nta9 p9es ,to wag _! high tops1 & to make no noise ,:5 !y are frett$ ) ! gu/s ( heav54 ,& yet aga93 ,b :51 f "u ?is t]re/rial ball1 ,he fires ! pr\d tops ( ! ea/]n p9es4 ,we may judge1 by ! impression :i* ?is s+le feature ( hill sc5]y seems to h made on ,%akesp]e's m9d1 because he _h se5 x 9 8 y\?1 h[ 8 :ole temp] w\ld h be5 *ang$ if he _h liv$ 9 a m sublime c\ntry1 & h[ ess5tial x 0 to 8 p[] ( contemplation ( mank9d t he %\ld be remov$ f ! /]n] influ5ces ( nature4 ,= ! re/1 s f> z ,%akesp]e's "w has imp]fections ( any k9d1--! trivialness ( _m ( 8 adopt$ plots1 = in/ance1 & ! comp>ative r>ity ) :i* he admits ! ideal ( an en?usia/ic virtue aris+ out ( pr9ciple2 virtue be+ ) him = ! mo/ "p f\nd$ simply on ! affections jo9$ ) inh]5t purity 9 8 wom5 or on m]e manly pride & honor 9 8 m52#aaf--;9 a ^w1 :atev] diff]5ce1 involv+ inf]iority1 !re exi/s betwe5 him & ,dante1 9 8 conceptions ( ! relation betwe5 ?is _w & ! next1 we may p>tly trace z we did ! diff]5ce betwe5 ,bacon & ,pascal1 to ! less noble "* ( ! sc5es ar\nd him 9 8 y\?2 & admit t1 ?\gh x 0 necess>y = 8 special "w t he %\ld be put1 z x 71 on a level ) 8 race1 on ^? pla9s ( ,/rat=d1 we %\ld see 9 ?is a pro(1 in/ead ( a negation1 ( ! m\nta9 p[] ov] human intellect4 ,= bread? & p]fectness ( condesc5d+ sight1 ! ,%akesp]ian m9d /&s alone2 b 9 asc5d+ sight x is limit$4 ,! bread? ( grasp is innate2 ! /oop & slightness ( x 0 giv5 by ! circum/ances ( sc5e2 & ! diff]5ce betwe5 ^? c>eless masques ( hea!n gods1 or unbeliev$ ?\gh mightily conceiv$ visions ( fairy1 wit*1 or ris5 _s1 & ! e>ne/ fai? ( ,dante's vision ( ,p>adise1 is ! true measure ( ! diff]5ce 9 influ5ce betwe5 ! will[y banks ( ,avon1 & ! purple hills ( ,arno4 #ci4 ,our ?ird inquiry1 into ! influ5ce ( m\nta9s on dome/ic & milit>y "*1 01 we said1 to be def]r$2 = ?is reason1 t x is too mu* involv$ ) ! consid]ation ( ! influ5ce ( simple rural life 9 unm\nta9\s di/ricts1 to be ent]$ ^u ) advantage until we h exam9$ ! g5]al beauty ( vegetation1 :e!r l[l& or m\nta9\s4 ,i hope to pursue ?is inquiry1 !re=e1 at ! close ( ! next volume2 only desir+1 9 ! meantime1 to br+ "o or two po9ts connect$ ) x "u ! consid]ation ( our ,engli% travell]s4 #dj4 ,=1 x w be rememb]$1 we fir/ ent]$ on ?is subject 9 ord] to obta9 "s data z to ! possibility ( a ,practical ,ideal 9 ,swiss life1 correspond5t1 9 "s measure1 to ! poetical ideal ( ! same1 :i* s l>gely ent]ta9s ! ,european public4 ,( :i* possibility1 ,i d n ?9k1 aft] :at we h ev5 already se5 ( ! true effect ( m\nta9s on ! human m9d1 !re is any reason to d\bt1 ev5 if t ideal _h n be5 pres5t$ to u already 9 "s measure1 9 ! old] life ( ! ,swiss republics4 ,b ( its possibility1 "u pres5t circum/ances1 !re is1 ,i grieve to say1 ! deepe/ reason to d\bt2 & t ! m1 because ! "q is n :e!r ! m\nta9e] c be rais$ into a happi] life by ! help ( ! active nations ( ! pla9s2 b :e!r he c yet be protect$ f ! infection ( ! folly & vanity ( ^? nations4 ,i urg$1 9 ! prec$+ *apt]1 "s consid]ation ( :at might be accompli%$1 if we *ose to devote to ! help :at we n[ devote to ! mock]y ( ! ,swiss4 ,b ,i w\ld t ! enlight5$ population ( ,p>is & ,london 7 cont5t ) do+ no?+2--t !y 7 satisfi$ ) exp5diture ^u _! idle pleasures1 9 _! idle way2 & w\ld leave ! ,swiss to _! own m\nta9 gloom ( unadvanc+ indep5d5ce4 ,i believe t e franc n[ sp5t by travell]s among ! ,alps t5ds m or less to ! und]m9+ ( :atev] special greatness !re is 9 ! ,swiss "*2 & ! p]sons ,i met 9 ,switz]l&1 ^: position & modes ( life r5d]$ !m be/ able to give me true in=mation respect+ ! pres5t /ate ( _! c\ntry1 among _m causes ( national det]ioration1 spoke ) *ief fe> ( ! influx ( ,engli% weal?1 gradually connect+ all indu/ry ) ! wants & ways ( /rang]s1 & invit+ all idl5ess to dep5d ^u _! casual help2 ?us gradually resolv+ ! anci5t consi/5cy & pa/oral simplicity ( ! m\nta9 life into ! two irregul> trades ( innkeep]#aag & m5dicant4 #da4 ,i c\ld say mu* on ?is subject if ,i _h any hope ( do+ good by say+ any?+4 ,b ,i h none4 ,! influx ( =eign]s into ,switz]l& mu/ necess>ily be great] e ye>1 & ! great] x is1 ! l>g]1 9 ! cr[d1 w be ! majority ( p]sons ^: objects 9 travell+ w be1 fir/1 to get z fa/ z possible f place to place1 &1 secondly1 at e place :]e !y arrive1 to obta9 ! k9d ( accommodation & amusem5t to :i* !y are accu/om$ 9 ,p>is1 ,london1 ,brighton1 or ,bad54 ,railroads are already project$ r\nd ! head ( ! ,lake ( ,g5eva1 & ?r\gh ! t[n ( ,frib\rg2 ! head ( ! ,lake ( ,g5eva be+ precisely & accurately ! "o spot ( ,europe ^: "*1 & influ5ce on human m9d1 are special2 & unreplaceable if de/roy$1 no o!r spot resembl+1 or be+ 9 any wise comp>able to x1 9 its peculi> way3 :ile ! t[n ( ,frib\rg is 9 l mann] ! only m$ival m\nta9 t[n ( importance left to u2 ,inspruck & su* o!rs be+ :olly mod]n1 :ile ,frib\rg yet reta9s mu* ( ! aspect x _h 9 ! f\rte5? & fifte5? c5turies4 ,! valley ( ,*am\ni1 ano!r spot also unique 9 its way1 is rapidly be+ turn$ into a k9d ( ,cremorne ,g>d5s2 & ,i c see1 )9 ! p]spective ( b few ye>s1 ! t[n ( ,luc]ne consi/+ ( a r[ ( symmetrical hotels r\nd ! foot ( ! lake1 its old bridges de/roy$1 an iron "o built ov] ! ,reuss1 & an acacia prom5ade c>ri$ along ! lake-%ore1 ) a ,g]man b& play+ "u a ,*9ese temple at ! end ( x1 & ! enlight5$ travell]s1 repres5tatives ( ,european civilization1 p]=m+ be=e ! ,alps1 9 ea* aft]noon summ] sunlight1 9 _! mod]n mann]1 ! ,dance ( ,dea?4 #db4 ,all ?is is inevitable2 & x has its good z well z its evil side4 ,i c imag9e ! zeal\s mod]ni/ reply+ to me t :5 all ?is is happily accompli%$1 my melan*oly peasants ( ! valley ( ,tri5t w be turn$ into ?riv+ %opkeep]s1 ! desolate /reets ( ,sion into glitt]+ ?or\ghf>es1 & ! m>%es ( ! ,valais into prosp]\s m>ket-g>d5s4 ,i hope s2 & inde$ am /riv+ e day to conceive m accurately1 & regulate all my ef=ts by ! expectation (1 ! /ate ( society1 n n[1 ,i suppose1 mu* m ?an tw5ty ye>s 9 advance ( u1 :5 ,europe1 hav+ satisfactorily effac$ all memorials ( ! pa/1 & r$uc$ itself to ! lik5ess ( ,am]ica1 or ( any o!r new c\ntry 7only ) less room = ex]tion71 %all beg9 to consid] :at is next to be done1 & to :at newness ( arts & int]e/s may be/ be devot$ ! weal? ( its m>ts1 & ! /r5g? ( its multitudes4 ,:i* anticipations & e/imates1 h[ev]1 ,i h nev] be5 able1 z yet1 to c>ry out ) any cle>ness1 be+ always arre/$ by ! confus$ notion ( a necessity = solitude1 disda9 ( buy+ & sell+1 & o!r elem5ts ( t old m$ival & m\nta9 gloom1 z 9 "s way connect$ ) ! ef=ts ( ne>ly all m5 :o h ei!r se5 f> into ! de/9y1 or be5 mu* helpful to ! s\ls1 ( _! race4 ,& ! gr\nds ( ?is feel+1 :e!r "r or wrong1 ,i hope to analyze m fully 9 ! next volume2 only not+1 f9ally1 9 ?is1 "o or two po9ts = ! consid]ation ( ^? among u ) :om x may sometimes become a "q1 :e!r !y w help =w>d1 or n1 ! turn+ ( a sweet m\nta9 valley into an abyss ( factory-/5* & toil1 or ! c>ry+ ( a l9e ( traffic ?r\gh "s gre5 place ( %eph]d solitude4 #dc4 ,=1 if !re be any tru? 9 ! impression :i* ,i h always felt1 & j n[ endeavor$ to en=ce1 t ! m\nta9s ( ! e>? are its natural ca!drals1 or natural alt>s1 ov]laid ) gold1 & bright ) broid]$ "w ( fl[]s1 & ) _! cl\ds re/+ on !m z ! smoke ( a cont9ual sacrifice1 x may surely be a "q ) "s ( u1 :e!r ! tables ( ! money*ang]1 h[ev] fit & comm5dable !y may be z furniture 9 o!r places1 are precisely ! ?+ :i* x is ! :ole duty ( man to get well set up 9 ! m\nta9 temple4 #dd4 ,& p]haps x may help to ! bett] det]m9ation ( ?is "q1 if we endeavor1 = a few pati5t mom5ts1 to be> ) t weakness ( our =efa!rs 9 feel+ an awe = ! hills2 &1 dive/+ ourselves1 z f> z may be1 ( our mod]n exp]im5tal or explor+ activity1 & habit ( reg>d+ m\nta9s *iefly z places = gymna/ic ex]cise1 try to und]/& ! temp]1 n inde$ altoge!r exempl>y1 b yet hav+ c]ta9 tru?s & dignities 9 x1 to :i* we owe ! f\nd+ ( ! ,b5$ict9e & ,c>?usian cloi/]s 9 ! ?9 ,alp9e air4 ,& ?is monki% temp] we may1 ,i suppose1 be/ und]/& by consid]+ ! aspect "u :i* m\nta9s are repres5t$ 9 ! ,monk's book4 ,i f\nd t 9 my late lectures1 at ,ed9burgh1 ,i gave great (f5ce by suppos+1 or imply+1 t scriptural expressions c\ld h any =ce z be>+ ^u mod]n practical que/ions2 s t ,i d n n[1 nor %all ,i any m1 allude to su* expressions z 9 any wise necess>ily be>+ on ! worldly bus9ess ( ! practical ,prote/ant1 b only z necess>y to be glanc$ at 9 ord] to und]/& ! temp] ( ^? old monks1 :o _h ! awkw>d habit ( und]/&+ ! ,bible lit]ally2 & to get any little good :i* mom5t>y sympa?y ) ! he>ts ( a l>ge & e>ne/ class ( m5 may surely br+ to u4 #de4 ,! monki% view ( m\nta9s1 !n1 already allud$ to1#aah 0 d]iv$ :olly f t ,lat9 ,vulgate ( !irs2 &1 speak+ z a monk1 x may p]haps be p]mitt$ me to m>k ! significance ( ! e>lie/ m5tion ( m\nta9s 9 ! ,mosaic books2 at lea/1 ( ^? 9 :i* "s ,div9e appo9tm5t or comm& is /at$ respect+ !m4 ,!y are fir/ br\ght be=e u z refuges = ,god's p f ! two judgm5ts ( wat] & fire4 ,! ark re/s ^u ! m\nta9s ( ,ar>at2 & man1 hav+ pass$ ?r\gh t great baptism unto dea?1 kneels ^u ! e>? fir/ :]e x is ne>e/ heav51 & m+les ) ! m\nta9 cl\ds ! smoke ( 8 sacrifice ( ?anksgiv+4 ,aga93 f ! mid/ ( ! fir/ judgm5t by fire1 ! comm& ( ! ,deity to ,8 s]vant is1 ,escape to ! m\nta92 & ! morbid fe> ( ! hills1 :i* fills any human m9d aft] long /ay 9 places ( luxury & s91 is /rangely m>k$ 9 ,lot's compla9+ reply3 ,i _c escape to ! m\nta91 le/ "s evil take me4 ,! ?ird m5tion1 9 way ( ord9ance1 is a f> m solemn "o3 ,abraham lift$ up 8 eyes1 & saw ! place af> (f4 ,! ,place1 ! ,m\nta9 ( ,myrrh1 or ( bitt]ness1 *os5 to fulfil to all ! se$ ( ,abraham1 f> (f & ne>1 ! inn] mean+ ( promise reg>d$ 9 t v[3 ,i w lift up m9e eyes unto ! hills1 f :5ce come? m9e help4 ,& ! f\r? is ! deliv]y ( ! law on ,s9ai4 #df4 ,x seem$1 !n1 to ! monks1 t ! m\nta9s 7 appo9t$ by _! ,mak] to be to man1 refuges f ,judgm5t1 signs ( ,r$emption1 & alt>s ( ,sanctification & ob$i5ce2 & !y saw !m aft]w>ds connect$1 9 ! mann] ! mo/ t\*+ & graci\s1 ) ! dea?1 aft] 8 task _h be5 accompli%$1 ( ! fir/ ano9t$ ,prie/2 ! dea?1 9 l mann]1 ( ! fir/ inspir$ ,lawgiv]2 &1 la/ly1 ) ! assumption ( 8 (fice by ! ,et]nal ,prie/1 ,lawgiv]1 & ,savi\r4 ,obs]ve ! connection ( ^! ?ree ev5ts4 ,al?\gh ! "t ( ! dea?s ( ,a>on & ,moses 0 ha/5$ by ,god's displeasure1 we h n1 x seems to me1 ! slighte/ w>rant = conclud+ t ! mann] ( _! dea?s 0 int5d$ to be griev\s or di%onorable to !m4 ,f> f ?is3 x _c1 ,i ?9k1 be d\bt$ t 9 ! d5ial ( ! p]mission to ent] ! ,promis$ ,l&1 ! :ole puni%m5t ( _! s9 0 includ$2 & t z f> z reg>d$ ! mann] ( _! dea?s1 x mu/ h be5 appo9t$ = !m by _! ,ma/] 9 all t5d]ness & love2 & ) full purpose ( ennobl+ ! close ( _! s]vice ^u ! e>?4 ,x might h seem$ to u m honorable t bo? %\ld h be5 p]mitt$ to die b5ea? ! %ad[ ( ! ,tab]nacle1 ! congregation ( ,israel wat*+ by _! side2 & all :om !y lov$ ga!r$ toge!r to receive ! la/ message f ! lips ( ! meek lawgiv]1 & ! la/ bless+ f ! pray] ( ! ano9t$ prie/4 ,b x 0 n ?us !y 7 p]mitt$ to die4 ,try to realize t go+ =? ( ,a>on f ! mid/ ( ! congregation4 ,he :o _h s (t5 done sacrifice = _! s91 go+ =? n[ to (f] up 8 own _s4 ,he :o _h /ood1 among !m1 betwe5 ! dead & ! liv+1 & _h se5 ! eyes ( all t great multitude turn$ to him1 t by 8 int]cession _! brea? might yet be drawn a mom5t m1 go+ =? n[ to meet ! ,angel ( ,dea? face to face1 & deliv] himself into 8 h&4 ,try if y _c walk1 9 ?\ght1 ) ^? two bro!rs1 & ! son1 z !y pass$ ! outmo/ t5ts ( ,israel1 & turn$1 :ile yet ! dew lay r\nd ab\t ! camp1 t[>ds ! slopes ( ,m\nt ,hor2 talk+ toge!r = ! la/ "t1 z /ep by /ep1 !y felt ! /eep] ris+ ( ! rocks1 & h\r aft] h\r1 b5ea? ! asc5d+ sun1 ! horizon grew broad] z !y climb$1 & all ! fold$ hills ( ,idumea1 "o by "o subdu$1 %[$ amid/ _! holl[s 9 ! haze ( noon1 ! w9d+s ( t long des]t j\rney1 n[ at la/ to close4 ,b :o %all ent] into ! ?\ghts ( ! ,high ,prie/1 z 8 eye foll[$ ^? pa?s ( anci5t pilgrimage2 &1 ?r\gh ! sil5ce ( ! arid & endless hills1 /ret*+ ev5 to ! dim peak ( ,s9ai1 ! :ole hi/ory ( ^? =ty ye>s 0 unfold$ be=e him1 & ! my/]y ( 8 own m9i/ries reveal$ to him2 & t o!r ,holy ( ,holies1 ( :i* ! m\nta9 peaks 7 ! alt>s1 & ! m\nta9 cl\ds ! veil1 ! firmam5t ( 8 ,fa!r's dwell+1 op5$ to him /ill m brightly & inf9itely z he drew ne>] 8 dea?2 until at la/1 on ! %adeless summit1--f him on :om s9 0 to be laid no m--f him1 on ^: he>t ! names ( s9ful nations 7 to press _! grav5 fire no long]1--! bro!r & ! son took brea/plate & ephod1 & left him to 8 re/4 #dg4 ,!re is inde$ a secretness 9 ?is calm fai? & deep re/ra9t ( sorr[1 into :i* x is difficult = u to ent]2 b ! dea? ( ,moses himself is m easily to be conceiv$1 & _h 9 x circum/ances /ill m t\*+1 z f> z reg>ds ! influ5ce ( ! ext]nal sc5e4 ,= =ty ye>s ,moses _h n be5 alone4 ,! c>e & burd5 ( all ! p1 ! weight ( _! woe1 & guilt1 & dea?1 _h be5 ^u him cont9ually4 ,! multitude _h be5 laid ^u him z if he _h conceiv$ !m2 _! te>s _h be5 8 meat1 night & day1 until he _h felt z if ,god _h )drawn ,8 favor f him1 & he _h pray$ t he might be sla91 & n see 8 wret*$ness4#aai ,& n[1 at la/1 ! comm& came1 ,get !e up into ?is m\nta94 ,! we>y h&s t _h be5 s long /ay$ up aga9/ ! enemies ( ,israel1 might lean aga9 ^u ! %eph]d's /aff1 & fold !mselves = ! %eph]d's pray]--= ! %eph]d's slumb]4 ,n /range to 8 feet1 ?\gh =ty ye>s unkn[n1 ! r\ghness ( ! b>e m\nta9-pa?1 z he climb$ f l$ge to l$ge ( ,ab>im2 n /range to 8 ag$ eyes ! scatt]$ clu/]s ( ! m\nta9 h]bage1 & ! brok5 %ad[s ( ! cliffs1 ind5t$ f> across ! sil5ce ( un9habit$ rav9es2 sc5es su* z ^? among :i*1 ) none1 z n[1 beside him b ,god1 he _h l$ 8 flocks s (t52 & :i* he _h left1 h[ pa9fully6 tak+ ^u him ! appo9t$ p[]1 to make ( ! f5c$ city a wild]ness1 & to fill ! des]t ) songs ( deliv]ance4 ,x 0 n to embitt] ! la/ h\rs ( 8 life t ,god re/or$ to him1 = a day1 ! belov$ solitudes he _h lo/2 & brea!d ! peace ( ! p]petual hills ar\nd him1 & ca/ ! _w 9 :i* he _h labor$ & s9n$ f> b5ea? 8 feet1 9 t mi/ ( dy+ blue2--all s91 all w&]+1 soon to be =gott5 = ev]2 ! ,dead ,sea--a type ( ,god's ang] und]/ood by him1 ( all m51 mo/ cle>ly1 :o _h se5 ! e>? op5 h] m\?1 & ! sea 8 dep?1 to ov]:elm ! companies ( ^? :o cont5d$ ) 8 ,ma/]--laid waveless b5ea? him2 & beyond x1 ! fair hills ( ,judah1 & ! s(t pla9s & banks ( ,jordan1 purple 9 ! ev5+ light z ) ! blood ( r$emption1 & fad+ 9 _! di/ant fulness into my/]ies ( promise & ( love4 ,!re1 ) 8 unabat$ /r5g?1 8 undimm$ glance1 ly+ d[n ^u ! utmo/ rocks1 ) angels wait+ ne> to cont5d = ! spoils ( 8 _s1 he put (f 8 e>?ly armor4 ,we d deep rev]5ce to 8 companion prophet1 = :om ! *>iot ( fire came d[n f heav52 b 0 8 dea? less noble1 :om 8 ,"l ,himself buri$ 9 ! vales ( ,moab1 keep+1 9 ! secrets ( ! et]nal c\nsels1 ! k ( a sepul*re1 f :i* he 0 to be call$1 9 ! fulness ( "t1 to talk ) t ,"l1 ^u ,h]mon1 ( ! dea? t ,he %\ld accompli% at ,j]usalem8 ,& la/ly1 let u turn our ?\ghts = a few mom5ts to ! cause ( ! resurrection ( ^! two prophets4 ,we are all ( u too mu* 9 ! habit ( pass+ x by1 z a ?+ my/ical & inconceivable1 tak+ place 9 ! life ( ,*ri/ = "s purpose n by u to be und]/ood1 or1 at ! be/1 m]ely z a manife/ation ( ,8 div9ity by brightness ( heav5ly light1 & ! m9i/]+ ( ! spirits ( ! dead1 int5d$ to /r5g!n ! fai? ( ,8 ?ree *os5 apo/les4 ,& 9 ?is1 z 9 _m o!r ev5ts record$ by ! ,evangeli/s1 we lose half ! mean+ & evade ! practical p[] ^u ourselves1 by nev] accept+ 9 its fulness ! idea t our ,"l 0 p]fect man1 tempt$ 9 all ?+s l z we are4 ,our prea*]s are cont9ually try+1 9 all mann] ( subtle ways1 to expla9 ! union ( ! ,div9ity ) ! ,manhood1 an explanation :i* c]ta9ly involves fir/ _! be+ able to describe ! nature ( ,deity itself1 or1 9 pla9 words1 to compreh5d ,god4 ,!y nev] c expla91 9 any "o p>ticul>1 ! union ( ! natures2 !y only succe$ 9 weak5+ ! fai? ( _! he>]s z to ! entir5ess ( ei!r4 ,! ?+ !y h to d is precisely ! contr>y ( ?is--to insi/ ^u ! entir5ess ( bo?4 ,we nev] ?9k ( ,*ri/ en\gh z ,god1 nev] en\gh z ,man2 ! in/9ctive habit ( our m9ds be+ always to miss ( ! ,div9ity1 & ! reason+ & en=c$ habit to miss ( ! ,humanity4 ,we are afraid to h>bor 9 our own he>ts1 or to utt] 9 ! he>+ ( o!rs1 any ?\ght ( our ,"l1 z hung]+1 tir$1 sorr[ful1 hav+ a human s\l1 a human w1 & affect$ by ev5ts ( human life z a f9ite creature is2 & yet "o half ( ! effici5cy ( ,8 atonem5t1 & ! :ole ( ! effici5cy ( ,8 example1 dep5d on ,8 hav+ be5 ?is to ! full4 #dh4 ,consid]1 !re=e1 ! ,transfiguration z x relates to ! human feel+s ( our ,"l4 ,x 0 ! fir/ def9ite prep>ation = ,8 dea?4 ,he _h =etold x to ,8 disciples six days be=e2 !n takes ) ,him ! ?ree *os5 ones into an high m\nta9 ap>t4 ,f an exce$+ high m\nta91 at ! fir/ tak+ on ,him ! m9i/ry ( life1 ,he _h beheld1 & reject$ ! k+doms ( ! e>?1 & _! glory3 n[1 on a high m\nta91 ,he takes ^u ,him ! m9i/ry ( dea?4 ,pet] & !y t 7 ) him1 z 9 ,ge?semane1 7 heavy ) sleep4 ,*ri/'s "w _h to be done alone4 ,! tradition is1 t ! ,m\nt ( ,transfiguration 0 ! summit ( ,tabor2 b ,tabor is nei!r a high m\nta91 nor 0 x 9 any s5se a m\nta9 ap>t2 be+ 9 ^? ye>s bo? inhabit$ & =tifi$4 ,all ! imm$iately prec$+ m9i/ries ( ,*ri/ _h be5 at ,ces>ea ,philippi4 ,!re is no m5tion ( travel s\?w>d 9 ! six days t int]v5$ betwe5 ! w>n+ giv5 to ,8 disciples1 & ! go+ up into ! hill4 ,:at o!r hill c\ld x be ?an ! s\?w>d slope ( t goodly m\nta91 ,h]mon1 :i* is inde$ ! c5tre ( all ! ,promis$ ,l&1 f ! ent]+ 9 ( ,hama? unto ! riv] ( ,egypt2 ! m\nt ( fruitfulness1 f :i* ! spr+s ( ,jordan desc5d$ to ! valleys ( ,israel4 ,along its mighty =e/ av5ues1 until ! grass grew fair ) ! m\nta9 lilies1 ,8 feet da%$ 9 ! dew ( ,h]mon1 ,he mu/ h gone to pray ,8 fir/ record$ pray] ab\t dea?2 & f ! /eep ( x1 be=e ,he knelt1 c\ld see to ! s\? all ! dwell+-place ( ! p t _h sat 9 d>kness1 & se5 ! great light1 ! l& ( ,zabulon & ( ,naphtali1 ,galilee ( ! nations2--c\ld see1 ev5 ) ,8 human sight1 ! gleam ( t lake by ,cap]naum & ,*oraz91 & _m a place lov$ by ,him1 & va9ly m9i/]$ to1 ^: h\se 0 n[ left unto !m desolate2 &1 *ief ( all1 f> 9 ! utmo/ blue1 ! hills above ,naz>e?1 slop+ d[n to ,8 old home3 hills on :i* yet ! /ones lay loose1 t _h be5 tak5 up to ca/ at ,him1 :5 ,he left !m = ev]4 #di4 ,& z he pray$1 two m5 /ood by him4 ,among ! _m ways 9 :i* we miss ! help & hold ( ,scripture1 none is m subtle ?an our habit ( suppos+ t1 ev5 z man1 ,*ri/ 0 free f ! ,fe> ( ,dea?4 ,h[ c\ld ,he !n h be5 tempt$ z we are8 s9ce among all ! trials ( ! e>?1 none spr+ f ! du/ m t]rible ?an t ,fe>4 ,x _h to be borne by ,him1 inde$1 9 a unity1 :i* we c nev] compreh5d1 ) ! =ekn[l$ge ( victory1--z ,8 sorr[ = ,laz>us1 ) ! consci\sness ( ! p[] to re/ore him2 b x _h to be borne1 & t 9 its full e>?ly t]ror2 & ! pres5ce ( x is surely m>k$ = u en\gh by ! ris+ ( ^? two at ,8 side4 ,:51 9 ! des]t1 ,he 0 gird+ ,himself = ! "w ( life1 angels ( life came & m9i/]$ unto ,him2 n[1 9 ! fair _w1 :5 ,he is gird+ ,himself = ! "w ( dea?1 ! m9i/rants come to ,him f ! grave4 ,b f ! grave conqu]$4 ,"o1 f t tomb "u ,ab>im1 :i* ,8 own h& _h seal$ s long ago2 ! o!r f ! re/ into :i* he _h ent]$1 )\t see+ corruption4 ,!re /ood by ,him ,moses & ,elias1 & spake ( ,8 decease4 ,!n1 :5 ! pray] is end$1 ! task accept$1 fir/1 s9ce ! /> paus$ ov] ,him at ,be?lehem1 ! full glory falls ^u ,him f heav51 & ! te/imony is borne to 8 ev]la/+ ,son%ip & p[]4 ,he> ye him4 ,if1 9 _! remembrance ( ^! ?+s1 & 9 _! endeavor to foll[ 9 ! foot/eps ( _! ,ma/]1 religi\s m5 ( by-gone days1 clos+ !mselves 9 ! hill solitudes1 =got sometimes1 & sometimes fe>$1 ! duties !y ow$ to ! active _w1 we may p]haps p>don !m m easily ?an we ought to p>don ourselves1 if we nei!r seek any influ5ce = good nor submit to x uns\ght1 9 sc5es to :i* ?us all ! m5 ^: writ+s we receive z inspir$1 toge!r ) _! ,"l1 retir$ :5ev] !y _h any task or trial laid ^u !m ne$+ m ?an _! usual /r5g? ( _s4 ,nor1 p]haps1 %\ld we h unpr(itably ent]$ into ! m9d ( ! e>li] ages1 if among our o!r ?\ghts1 z we wat* ! *a9s ( ! sn[y m\nta9s rise on ! horizon1 we %\ld sometimes admit ! memory ( ! h\r 9 :i* _! ,creator1 among _! solitudes1 ent]$ on ,8 travail = ! salvation ( our race2 & indulge ! dream1 t z ! flam+ & trembl+ m\nta9s ( ! e>? seem to be ! monum5ts ( ! manife/+ ( ,8 t]ror on ,s9ai1--^! pure & :ite hills1 ne> to ! heav51 & s\rces ( all good to ! e>?1 are ! appo9t$ memorials ( t ,light ( ,8 ,m]cy1 t fell1 sn[-l1 on ! ,m\nt ( ,transfiguration4 ,,footnotes #ajf ,9 trac+ ! :ole ( ! deep enjoym5t to m\nta9 association1 ,i ( c\rse except :atev] feel+s are connect$ ) ! obs]vance ( rural life1 or ) t ( ar*itecture4 ,none ( ^! feel+s arise out ( ! l&scape1 prop]ly s-call$3 ! pleasure ) :i* we see a peasant's g>d5 fairly kept1 or a pl\ghman do+ 8 "w well1 or a gr\p ( *ildr5 play+ at a cottage door1 be+ :olly sep>ate f t :i* we f9d 9 ! fields or commons ar\nd !m2 & ! beauty ( ar*itecture1 or ! associations connect$ ) x1 9 l mann] (t5 ennobl+ ! mo/ tame sc5]y2--yet n s b t we may always di/+ui% betwe5 ! ab/ract "* ( ! unassi/$ l&scape1 & ! *>m :i* x d]ives f ! ar*itecture4 ,mu* ( ! maje/y ( ,fr5* l&scape consi/s 9 its gr& & grey village *ur*es & turret$ f>mh\ses1 n to speak ( its ca!drals1 ca/les1 & beautifully plac$ cities4 #ajg ,"o ( ! pr9cipal reasons = ! false supposition t ,switz]l& is n picturesque1 is ! error ( mo/ sket*]s & pa9t]s 9 repres5t+ p9e =e/ 9 middle di/ance z d>k gre51 or grey gre51 :]eas its true color is always purple1 at di/ances ( ev5 two or ?ree miles4 ,let any travell] com+ d[n ! ,montanv]t look = an ap]ture1 ?ree or f\r in*es wide1 betwe5 ! ne> p9e bran*es1 ?r\gh :i*1 /&+ eight or t5 feet f x1 he c see ! opposite =e/s on ! ,brev5 or ,flegre4 ,^? =e/s are n above two or two & a half miles f him2 b he w f9d ! ap]ture is fill$ by a t9t ( ne>ly pure azure or purple1 n by gre54 #ajh ,! ,savoy>d's "n = its fl[]1 ,pa9 du ,bon ,dieu1 is v beautiful2 f1 ,i believe1 ! suppos$ resemblance ( its :ite & scatt]$ blossom to ! fall5 manna4 #aji ,see ref]5ce to 8 pa9t+ ( /ones 9 ! la/ note to #bh ( ! *apt] on ,imag9ation ,p5etrative1 ,vol4 ,,ii4 #aaj ,9 say+ ?is ,i d n1 ( c\rse1 =get ! influ5ce ( ! sea on ! ,pisans & ,v5etians2 b t is a sep>ate subject1 & mu/ be exam9$ 9 ! next volume4 #aaa ,) faire/ fl[]s ,:ile summ] la/s1 & ,i live "h1 ,fidele1 ,i'll sweet5 ?y sad grave4 ,?\ %alt n lack ,! fl[] t's l ?y face--pale primrose1 nor ,! azur$ h>ebell--l ?y ve9s2 no1 nor ,! leaf ( eglant9e1 :om n to sl&]1 ,outsweet5$ n ?y brea?4 ,! ruddock w\ld ,) *>itable bill br+ !e all ?is2 ,yea1 & furr$ moss besides1 :5 fl[]s are none1 ,to w9t]-gr\nd ?y corse4 ,gui4 ,pri!e1 h done1 ,& d n play 9 w5*-l words ) t ,:i* is s s]i\s4 ,imog5 h]self1 aft]w>ds 9 deep] passion1 w give we$s--n fl[]s--& some?+ m3 ,& :5 ,) wildwood leaves1 & we$s1 ,i h /rew$ 8 grave1 ,& on x said a c5tury ( pray]s1 ,su* z ,i c1 twice o'er1 ,i'll weep1 & sigh1 ,&1 leav+ s 8 s]vice1 foll[ y4 #aab ,if ! read] ?9ks t 9 ,h5ry ! ,fif?'s "t ! ,elizabe?an temp] might already h be5 manife/+ itself1 let him comp>e ! ,engli% h]ald's spee*1 act #b1 sc5e #b1 ( ,k+ ,john2 & by way ( specim5 ( ,%akesp]e's hi/orical c>e1 or reg>d ( m$ival "*1 ! l>ge use ( artill]y 9 ! previ\s sc5e4 #aac ,! la/ bi%op4 #aad ,8 favorite son2 nom9ally 8 nephew4 #aae ,n]o ,antico is m famili> to our e>s2 b ,br[n+ does "r 9 translat+ x2 z aft]w>ds cipoll9o into onion-/one4 ,our /upid habit ( us+ =eign words )\t translation is cont9ually los+ u half ! =ce ( ! =eign language4 ,h[ _m travell]s he>+ ! t]m cipoll9o recognize ! int5d$ s5se ( a /one splitt+ into conc5tric coats1 l an onion8 #aaf ,i mean t ,%akesp]e almo/ always implies a total diff]5ce 9 nature betwe5 "o human be+ & ano!r2 "o be+ f ! bir?1 pure & affectionate1 ano!r base & cruel2 & he displays ea*1 9 its sph]e1 z hav+ ! nature ( dove1 wolf1 or lion1 nev] mu* imply+ ! gov]nm5t or *ange ( nature by any ext]nal pr9ciple4 ,!re c be no "q t 9 ! ma9 he is "r 9 ?is view ( human nature2 /ill1 ! o!r =m ( virtue does exi/ occasionally1 & 0 nev]1 z f> z ,i recollect1 tak5 mu* note ( by him4 ,& ) ?is /]n view ( humanity1 ,%akesp]e jo9$ a sorr[ful view ( ,fate1 closely resembl+ t ( ! anci5ts4 ,he is di/+ui%$ f ,dante em95tly by 8 always dwell+ on la/ causes in/ead ( fir/ causes4 ,dante inv>iably po9ts to ! mom5t ( ! s\l's *oice :i* fix$ its fate1 to ! in/ant ( ! day :5 x read no f>!r1 or det]m9$ to give bad advice ab\t ,p5e/r9o4 ,b ,%akesp]e always leans on ! =ce ( ,fate1 z x urges ! f9al evil2 & dwells ) inf9ite bitt]ness on ! p[] ( ! wick$1 & ! inf9itude ( result dep5d5t seem+ly on little ?+s4 ,a fool br+s ! la/ piece ( news f ,v]ona1 & ! de>e/ lives ( its noble h\ses are lo/2 !y might h be5 sav$ if ! sacri/an _h n /umbl$ z he walk$4 ,o!llo mislays 8 h&k]*ief1 & !re rema9s no?+ = him b dea?4 ,hamlet gets hold ( ! wrong foil1 & ! re/ is sil5ce4 ,edmund's runn] is a mom5t too late at ! prison1 & ! fea!r w n move at ,cordelia's lips4 ,salisbury a mom5t too late at ! t[]1 & ,ar?ur lies on ! /ones dead4 ,gon]il & ,iago h on ! :ole1 9 ?is _w1 ,%akesp]e sees1 mu* ( _! own way1 ?\gh !y come to a bad end4 ,x is a p9 t ,dea? pi]ces ! k+'s =tress wall )2 & ,c>elessness & ,folly sit sceptr$ & dreadful1 side by side ) ! p9-arm$ skeleton4 #aag ,n ! old hospitable innkeep]1 :o honor$ 8 gue/s & 0 honor$ by !m1 ?an :om ,i d n "k a m useful or wor?y "*2 b ! mod]n innkeep]1 proprietor ( a build+ 9 ! %ape ( a factory1 mak+ up ?ree hundr$ b$s2 :o necess>ily reg>ds 8 gue/s 9 ! light ( ,numb]s #a1 #b1 #c-cjj1 & is too (t5 felt or appreh5d$ by !m only z a presid+ influ5ce ( extortion4 #aah ,vol ,,iii4 ,*ap4 ,,xiv4 #aj4 #aai ,numb]s1 xi4 #ab1 #ae4 ,,app5dix4 ,i4 ,,mod]n ,,grotesque4 ,! read] may p]haps be some:at confus$ by ! diff]5t tone ) :i*1 9 v>i\s passages ( ^! volumes1 ,i h spok5 ( ! dignity ( ,expression4 ,he mu/ rememb] t !re are ?ree di/9ct s*ools ( expression1 & t x is impossible1 on e occasion :5 ! t]m is us$1 to repeat ! def9ition ( ! ?ree1 & di/+ui% ! s*ool spok5 (4 ,!re is1 fir/1 ! ,great ,expressional ,s*ool1 consi/+ ( ! s9c]ely ?\ghtful & affectionate pa9t]s ( e>ly times1 ma/]s ( _! art1 z f> z x 0 kn[n 9 _! days4 ,orcagna1 ,john ,bell9i1 ,p]ug9o1 & ,angelico1 are its lead+ ma/]s4 ,all ! m5 :o compose x are1 )\t exception1 colori/s4 ,! mod]n ,pre-,raphaelites belong to x4 ,secondly1 ! ,pseudo-,expressional ,s*ool1 :olly ( mod]n developm5t1 consi/+ ( m5 :o h nev] ma/]$ _! art1 & are probably incapable ( ma/]+ x1 b :o hope to sub/itute s5tim5t = good pa9t+4 ,x is em95tly *>act]iz$ by its contempt ( color1 & may be mo/ def9itely di/+ui%$ z ! ,s*ool ( ,clay4 ,?irdly1 ! ,grotesque ,expressional ,s*ool1 consi/+ ( m5 :o1 hav+ peculi> p[]s ( obs]vation = ! /rong] signs ( "* 9 any?+1 & s9c]ely delight+ 9 !m1 lose sight ( ! associat$ ref9em5ts or beauties4 ,?is s*ool is apt1 m or less1 to cat* at faults or /rang5esses2 &1 associat+ its p[]s ( obs]vation ) wit or malice1 produces ! wild1 gay1 or satirical grotesque 9 e>ly sculpture1 & 9 mod]n times1 our ri* & v>i\s popul> c>icature4 ,i took no note ( ?is bran* ( art 9 ! *apt] on ! ,grotesque ,ideal2 p>tly because ,i did n wi% to di/urb ! read]'s m9d 9 our exam9ation ( ! great imag9ative grotesque1 & also because ,i did n feel able to give a di/9ct acc\nt ( ?is bran*1 hav+ nev] ?or\ghly consid]$ ! p[]s ( eye & h& involv$ 9 its f9] examples4 ,b assur$ly m5 ( /rong intellect & f9e s5se are f\nd among ! c>icaturi/s1 & x is to !m t ,i allude 9 say+ t ! mo/ subtle expression is (t5 atta9$ by slight /udies2 :ile x is ( ! pseudo-expressionali/1 or high art s*ool t ,i am speak+1 :5 ,i say t expression may sometimes be elaborat$ by ! toil ( ! dull2 9 nei!r case mean+ to depreciate ! "w1 :olly diff]5t 9 e way1 ( ! great expressional s*ools4 ,i regret t ,i h n be5 able1 z yet1 to exam9e ) c>e ! p[]s ( m9d involv$ 9 mod]n c>icature4 ,!y are1 h[ev]1 always p>tial & imp]fect2 = ! v habit ( look+ = ! lead+ l9es by ! smalle/ possible numb] ( :i* ! expression may be atta9$1 w>ps ! p[] ( g5]al att5tion1 & blunts ! p]ception ( ! delicacies ( ! entire =m & color4 ,n t c>icature1 or exagg]ation ( po9ts ( "*1 may n be occasionally indulg$ 9 by ! greate/ m5--z con/antly by ,leon>do2 b !n x w be f\nd t ! c>icature consi/s1 n 9 imp]fect or viol5t draw+1 b 9 delicate & p]fect draw+ ( /range & exagg]at$ =ms qua9tly comb9$3 & ev5 ?us1 ,i believe1 ! habit ( look+ = su* conditions w be f\nd injuri\s2 ,i /rongly suspect its op]ation on ,leon>do to h be5 ! increase ( 8 non-natural t5d5cies 9 8 high] works4 ,a c]ta9 ackn[l$gm5t ( ! ludicr\s elem5t is admitt$ 9 corn]s ( ! pictures ( ,v]onese--9 dw>fs or monkeys2 b x is nev] c>icatur$ or exagg]at$4 ,t9toret & ,titian h>dly admit ! elem5t at all4 ,!y admit ! noble grotesque to ! full1 9 all its qua9tness1 brilliancy1 & awe2 b nev] any =m ( x dep5d+ on exagg]ation1 p>tiality1 or fallacy4#abj ,i believe1 !re=e1 :atev] wit1 delicate appreciation ( ord9>y "*1 or o!r intellectual p[] may belong to ! mod]n ma/]s ( c>icature1 _! me?od ( /udy = ev] incapacitates !m f pass+ beyond a c]ta9 po9t1 & ei!r rea*+ any ( ! p]fect =ms ( art !mselves1 or und]/&+ !m 9 o!rs4 ,g5]ally speak+1 _! p[] is limit$ to ! use ( ! p5 or p5cil--!y _c t\* color )\t discomfiture2 & ev5 ^? ^: "w is ( high] aim1 & wr\ght habitually 9 color1 are prev5t$ by _! pursuit ( piquant expression f und]/&+ noble expression4 ,leslie furni%es sev]al curi\s examples ( ?is defect ( p]ception 9 8 late "w on ,art2--talk+1 = in/ance1 ( ! insipid faces ( ,francia4 ,on ! o!r h&1 all ! real ma/]s ( c>icature des]ve honor 9 ?is respect1 t _! gift is peculi>ly _! own--innate & incommunicable4 ,no tea*+1 no h>d /udy1 w ev] enable o!r p to equal1 9 _! sev]al ways1 ! works ( ,lee* or ,cruik%ank2 :]eas1 ! p[] ( pure draw+ is communicable1 )9 c]ta9 limits1 to e "o :o has good sight & indu/ry4 ,i d n1 inde$1 "k h[ f>1 by devot+ ! att5tion to po9ts ( "*1 c>icaturi/ skill may be labori\sly atta9$2 b c]ta9ly ! p[] is1 9 ! ma/]s ( ! s*ool1 innate f _! *ildhood4 ,f>!r4 ,x is evid5t t _m subjects ( ?\ght may be dealt ) by ?is k9d ( art :i* are inapproa*able by any o!r1 & t its influ5ce ov] ! popul> m9d mu/ always be great2 h5ce x may (t5 happ5 t m5 ( /rong purpose may r express !mselves 9 ?is way 7& cont9ue to make su* expression a matt] ( e>ne/ /udy71 ?an turn to any less influ5tial1 ?\gh m dignifi$1 or ev5 m intr9sically m]itori\s1 bran* ( art4 ,& :5 ! p[]s ( qua9t fancy are associat$ 7z is frequ5tly ! case7 ) /]n und]/&+ ( ! nature ( evil1 & t5d] human sympa?y1 !re results a bitt]1 or pa!tic _s ( grotesque1 to :i* mank9d at ! pres5t day owe m ?or\gh moral tea*+ ?an to any bran* ( art :atsoev]4 ,9 poetry1 ! temp] is se51 9 p]fect manife/ation1 9 ! works ( ,?omas ,hood2 9 art1 x is f\nd bo? 9 v>i\s works ( ! ,g]mans1--_! f9e/1 & _! lea/ ?\ght (2 & m or less 9 ! works ( ,george ,cruik%ank1#aba & 9 _m ( ! illu/rations ( our popul> j\rnals4 ,on ! :ole1 ! mo/ impressive examples ( x1 9 poetry & 9 art1 :i* ,i rememb]1 are ! ,song ( ! ,%irt1 & ! woodcuts ( ,alfr$ ,re!l1 be=e spok5 (4 ,a correspond5t1 ?\gh co>s] "w appe>$ "s little "t back 9 ,pun*1 namely1 ! ,g5]al ,fvri] turn$ ,traitor4 ,! reception ( ! woodcut la/ nam$ 0 9 sev]al respects a curi\s te/ ( mod]n feel+4 ,= ! sake ( ! g5]al read]1 x may be well to /ate ! occasion & "* ( x4 ,x w be rememb]$ by all t e>ly 9 ! w9t] ( #ahed-e1 s fatal by its inclem5cy1 & by our own improvid5ce1 to our army 9 ! ,crimea1 ! late ,emp]or ( ,russia said1 or 0 report$ to h said1 t 8 be/ comm&]s1 ,g5]al ,janu>y & ,g5]al ,febru>y1 7 n yet come4 ,! ^w1 if ev] spok51 0 at once base1 cruel1 & blasphem\s2 base1 9 precisely rev]s+ ! temp] ( all true soldi]s1 s nobly in/anc$ by ! son ( ,salad91 :5 he s5t1 at ! v in/ant ( ! discomfiture ( 8 own army1 two horses to ,coeur de ,lion1 ^: horse _h be5 kill$ "u him 9 ! mle2 cruel1 inasmu* z he ought n to h exult$ 9 ! ?\ght ( ! dea?1 by sl[ suff]+1 ( brave m52 blasphem\s1 inasmu* z x conta9$ an appeal to ,heav5 ( :i* he knew ! hypocrisy4 ,he himself di$ 9 ,febru>y2 & ! woodcut ( :i* ,i speak repres5t$ a skeleton 9 soldi]'s armor1 ent]+ 8 *amb]1 ! driv5 sleet :ite on its cloak & cre/2 lay+ its h& on 8 he>t z he lay dead4 ,!re 7 "s po9ts to be regrett$ 9 ! execution ( ! design1 b ! ?\ght 0 a gr& "o2 ! memory ( ! ^w spok51 & ( its answ]1 c\ld h>dly 9 any m impressive way h be5 record$ = ! p2 & ,i believe t to all p]sons accu/om$ to ! e>ne/ =ms ( art1 x conta9$ a pr(\nd & t\*+ lesson4 ,! notable ?+ 01 h[ev]1 t x (f5d$ all p]sons n 9 e>ne/1 & 0 l\dly cri$ out aga9/ by ! polite =malism ( society4 ,?is fate is1 ,i believe1 ! almo/ inevitable "o ( ?or\ghly g5u9e "w1 9 ^! days1 :e!r poetry or pa9t+2 b :at add$ to ! s+ul>ity 9 ?is ease 0 t co>se he>tlessness 0 ev5 m (f5d$ ?an polite he>tlessness4 ,?us1 ,blackwood's ,magaz9e1--:i* f ! "t t1 ) grace1 judgm5t1 & t5d]ness peculi>ly its own1 x bid ! dy+ ,keats back to 8 gallipots1#abb to t 9 :i* x p>tly arre/$ ! la/ ef=ts1 & %ort5$ ! life ( ,turn]1 _h ) an infallible in/9ct = ! wrong1 giv5 :at pa9 x c\ld1 & )]$ :at /r5g? x c\ld1 9 e great m9d t 0 9 anywise )9 its rea*2 & _h made itself1 to ! utmo/ ( its p[]1 fro/ & disease ( ! he>t to ! mo/ noble spirits ( ,engl&1--took ^u itself to be g5]\sly (f5d$ at ?is triumph+ ov] ! dea? ( ,engl&'s enemy1 because1 by prov+ t he is oblig$ to und]go ! common lot ( all1 8 bro!rhood is at once reass]t$4#abc ,he 0 n1 !n1 a bro!r :ile he 0 alive8 or is our bro!r's blood 9 g5]al n to be ackn[l$g$ by u till x ru%es up aga9/ u f ! gr\nd8 ,i "k t ?is is a common cre$1 :e!r a peculi>ly wise or ,*ri/ian "o may be d\bt$4 ,x may n1 inde$1 be well to triumph ov] ! dead1 b p]haps x is less well t ! _w s (t5 tries to triumph ov] ! liv+4 ,& z = exultation ov] a fall5 foe 7?\gh !re 0 none 9 ! m9d ( ! man :o drew t mon>* dead71 x may be rememb]$ t !re h be5 wor?y p]sons1 be=e n[1 guilty ( ?is great wick$ness1--nay1 :o h ev5 fitt$ ! words ( _! exultation to timbrels1 & gone =? to s+ !m 9 dances4 ,!re h ev5 be5 ^?--wom51 too1--:o c\ld make a mock at ! agony ( a "m weep+ ov] h] lo/ son1 :5 t son _h be5 ! enemy ( _! c\ntry2 & _! mock has be5 pres]v$1 z wor?y to be read by human eyes4 ,! "m ( ,sis]a look$ out at a w9d[4 ',ha? he n sp$8' ,i d n say ?is 0 "r1 /ill less t x 0 wrong2 b only t x w\ld be well = u if we c\ld quit our habit ( ?9k+ t :at we say ( ! dead is ( m weight ?an :at we say ( ! liv+4 ,! dead ei!r "k no?+1 or "k en\gh to despise bo? u & our insults1 or adulation4 ,well1 b1 x is answ]$1 !re w always be ?is weakness 9 our human nature2 we %all = ev]1 9 spite ( reason1 take pleasure 9 do+ fun]eal honor to ! corpse1 & writ+ sacr$ness to memory ^u m>ble4 ,!n1 if y are to d ?is1--if y are to put (f y\r k9dness until dea?1--:y n1 9 ,god's "n1 put (f also y\r enmity8 & if y *oose to write y\r l+]+ affections ^u /ones1 wreak also y\r delay$ ang] ^u clay4 ,?is w\ld be j1 &1 9 ! la/ case1 little z y ?9k x1 g5]\s4 ,! true bas5ess is 9 ! bitt] rev]se--! /range iniquity ( our folly4 ,is a man to be prais$1 honor$1 plead$ =8 ,x might d h>m to praise or plead = him :ile he liv$4 ,wait till he is dead4 ,is he to be malign$1 di%onor$1 & discom=t$8 ,see t y d x :ile he is alive4 ,x w\ld be too ung5]\s to sl&] him :5 he c\ld feel malice no m2 too contemptible to try to hurt him :5 he 0 pa/ angui%4 ,make y\rselves busy1 ye unju/1 ye ly+1 ye hungry = pa96 ,dea? is ne>4 ,?is is y\r h\r1 & ! p[] ( d>kness4 ,wait1 ye j1 ye m]ciful1 ye fai?ful 9 love6 ,wait b = a little :ile1 = ?is is n y\r re/4 ,well1 b1 x is /ill answ]$1 is x n1 inde$1 ung5]\s to speak ill ( ! dead1 s9ce !y _c def5d !mselves8 ,:y %\ld !y8 ,if y speak ill ( !m falsely1 x conc]ns y1 n !m4 ,^? lies ( ?9e w hurt a man z ?\ art1 assur$ly !y w hurt ?yself2 b t clay1 or ! deliv]$ s\l ( x1 9 no wise4 ,ajacean %ield1 sev5-fold$1 nev] /ay$ lance-?ru/ z t turf w1 ) daisies pi$4 ,:at y say ( ^? quiet ones is :olly & utt]ly ! _w's affair & y\rs4 ,! lie w1 inde$1 co/ its prop] price & "w its appo9t$ "w2 y may ru9 liv+ myriads by x1--y may /op ! progress ( c5turies by x1--y may h to pay y\r own s\l = x1--b z = ruffl+ "o corn] ( ! fold$ %r\d by x1 ?9k x n4 ,! dead h none to def5d !m6 ,nay1 !y h two def5d]s1 /rong en\gh = ! ne$--,god1 & ! worm4 ,,ii4 ,,rock ,,cleavage4 ,i am well aw>e h[ insuffici5t1 &1 9 "s measure1 h[ disputable1 ! acc\nt giv5 9 ! prec$+ *apt]s ( ! cleavages ( ! slaty cry/all9es mu/ appe> to geologi/s4 ,b ,i _h sev]al reasons1 good or bad z !y may be1 = treat+ ! subject 9 su* a mann]4 ,! fir/ 01 t consid]+ ! sci5ce ( ! arti/ z em95tly ! sci5ce ( aspects 7see ,vol4 ,,iii4 ,*ap4 ,,xvii4 #dc71 ,i kept myself 9 all my inve/igations ( natural objects z mu* z possible 9 ! /ate ( an un9=m$ spectator ( ! outside ( ?+s1 receiv+ simply :at impressions ! ext]nal ph5om5a fir/ induce4 ,= ! natural t5d5cy ( accurate sci5ce is to make ! possessor ( x look =1 & em95tly see1 ! ?+s connect$ ) 8 special pieces ( k2 & z all accurate sci5ce mu/ be /]nly limit$1 8 sight ( nature gets limit$ accord+ly4 ,i obs]v$ t all our "y figure-pa9t]s 7 r5d]$1 to all int5ts & purposes1 bl9d by _! k ( anatomy4 ,!y saw only c]ta9 muscles & bones1 ( :i* !y _h le>n$ ! positions by rote1 b c\ld n1 on acc\nt ( ! v prom95ce 9 _! m9ds ( ^! bits ( fragm5t>y k1 see ! real movem5t1 color1 r\nd+1 or any o!r subtle quality ( ! human =m4 ,& ,i 0 q sure t if ,i exam9$ ! m\nta9 anatomy sci5tifically1 ,i %\ld g wrong1 9 l mann]1 t\*+ ! ext]nal aspects4 ,!re=e 9 beg9n+ ! inquiries ( :i* ! results are giv5 9 ! prec$+ pages1 ,i clos$ all geological books1 & set myself1 z f> z ,i c\ld1 to see ! ,alps 9 a simple1 ?\ghtless1 & un!oriz+ mann]2 b to see !m1 if x might be1 ?or\ghly4 ,if ,i am wrong 9 any ( ! /atem5ts made aft] ?is k9d ( exam9ation1 ! v fact ( ?is error is an int]e/+ "o1 z %[+ ! k9d ( deception :i* ! ext]nal aspects ( hills are calculat$ to induce 9 an unprejudic$ obs]v]2 b1 :e!r wrong or "r1 ,i believe ! results ,i h giv5 are ^? :i* naturally w\ld /rike an arti/1 & ought to /rike him1 j z ! app>5tly domical =m ( ! sky1 & radiation ( ! sun's light1 ought to be m>k$ by him z pictorial ph5om5a1 ?\gh ! sky is n domical1 & ?\gh ! radiation ( sunbeams is a p]spective deception4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 "o or two po9ts on :i* my op9ions might seem m adv]se to ! usual positions ( geologi/s ?an !y really are1 ow+ to my hav+ left out _m qualify+ /atem5ts = fe> ( confus+ ! read]4 ,^! ,i mu/ "h briefly t\* ^u4 ,&1 fir/1 ,i "k t ,i %all be que/ion$ = n hav+ suffici5tly dwelt ^u slaty cleavages runn+ transv]sely across s]ies ( b$s1 & = g5]ally speak+ z if ! slaty cry/all9e rocks 7 m]ely dri$ b$s ( micace\s s&1 9 :i* ! flakes ( mica naturally lay p>allel ) ! b$s1 or only at su* an angle to !m z is con/antly assum$ by p>ticles ( drift4 ,n[ ! reason ( ?is is simply t my own m\nta9 exp]i5ce has l$ me always among rocks :i* induc$ su* an impression2 t1 9 g5]al1 arti/s seek+ = ! noble/ hill sc5]y1 w also get among su* rocks1 & t !re=e ,i judg$ x be/ to expla9 _! /ructure completely1 m]ely allud+ 79 ,*ap4 ,x4 #g7 to ! curi\s results ( cross cleavage among ! s(t] slates1 & leav+ ! read] to pursue ! inquiry1 if he c>$ to d s2 al?\gh1 9 reality1 x matt]s v little to ! arti/ :e!r ! slaty cleavage be across ! b$s or n1 = to him ! cleavage itself is always ! important matt]1 & ! /ratification1 if contr>y to x1 is usually s obscure z to be naturally1 & !re=e prop]ly1 lo/ sight (4 ,& t\*+ ! disput$ "q :e!r ! micace\s arrangem5ts ( metamorphic rocks are ! results ( subsequ5t cry/allization1 or ( aque\s deposition1 ,i _h no special call to speak3 ! :ole subject appe>$ to me only m my/]i\s ! m ,i exam9$ x2 b my own impressions 7 always /rongly = ! aque\s deposition2 nor 9 su* cases z t ( ! b$s ( ! ,matt]horn 7drawn 9 ,plate #ci71 respect+ :i*1 some:at exceptionally1 ,i h all[$ myself to !orize a little1 does ! matt] appe> to me disputable4 ,& ,i 0 confirm$ 9 ?is feel+ by ,de ,saussure2 ! only writ] ^: help ,i did n refuse 9 ! c\rse ( ^! inquiries4 ,8 ,i receiv$ = ?is reason1--all o!r geological writ]s ^: works ,i _h exam9$ 7 engag$ 9 ! ma9t5ance ( "s !ory or o!r1 & always ga!r+ mat]ials to support x4 ,b ,i f\nd ,saussure _h gone to ! ,alps z ,i desir$ to g myself1 only to look at !m1 & describe !m z !y 71 lov+ !m he>tily--lov+ !m1 ! positive ,alps1 m ?an himself1 or ?an sci5ce1 or ?an any !ories ( sci5ce2 & ,i f\nd 8 descriptions1 !re=e1 cle>1 & tru/wor?y2 & t :5 ,i _h n visit$ any place myself1 ,saussure's report ^u x might always be receiv$ )\t "q4 ,n b t ,saussure himself has a pet !ory1 l o!r human be+s2 only x is q subord9ate to 8 love ( ! ,alps3 ,he is a /eady advocate ( ! aque\s cry/allization ( rocks1 & nev] loses a fair opportunity ( a bl[ at ! ,huttonians2 b 8 opportunities are always fair1 8 description ( :at he sees is :olly imp>tial2 x is only :5 he gets home & arranges 8 pap]s t he puts 9 ! little aque\sly incl9$ p>agraphs1 & nev] a p>agraph )\t j cause4 ,he may1 p]haps1 ov]look ! evid5ce on ! opposite side2 b 9 ! ,alps ! igne\s alt]ation ( ! rocks1 & ! modes ( _! upheaval1 seem to me subjects ( int5se difficulty & my/]y1 & z su* ,saussure always treats !m2 ! evid5ce = ! orig9al deposition by wat] ( ! slaty cry/all9es appe>s to him1 z x does to me1 (t5 p]fectly di/9ct4 ,n[1 ,saussure's univ]sal pr9ciple 0 exactly ! "o on :i* ,i h f\nd$ my acc\nt ( ! slaty cry/all9es3--,fidle mon pr9ciple1 de ne reg>d] comme des c\*es1 dans les montagnes s*i/euses1 que les divisions p>allles aux feuillets des s*i/es dont elles sont composes4--,voyages1 #agdg4 ,i "k t ?is is an arbitr>y1 & 9 "s cases an assur$ly false1 pr9ciple2 b ! assumption ( x by ,de ,saussure proves all t ,i want to prove1--namely1 t ! b$s ( ! slaty cry/all9es are 9 ! ,alps 9 s l>ge a plurality ( in/ances correspond5t 9 direction to _! folia1 z to induce ev5 a cauti\s reason] to assume su* correspond5ce to be univ]sal4 ,! next po9t1 h[ev]1 on :i* ,i %all be oppos$1 is "o on :i* ,i speak ) f> less confid5ce1 = 9 ?is ,saussure himself is aga9/ me1--namely1 ! p>allelism ( ! b$s slop+ "u ! ,mont ,blanc4 ,saussure /ates twice1 #fef1 #fgg1 t !y are arrang$ 9 ! =m ( a fan4 ,i c only repeat t e measurem5t & e draw+ ,i made 9 ,*am\ni l$ me to ! conclusions /at$ 9 ! text1 & s ,i leave ! subject to bett] inve/igators2 ?is "o fact be+ indisputable1 & ! only "o on :i* = my purpose x is necess>y to insi/1 t1 :e!r 9 ,*am\ni ! b$s be radiant or n1 to an arti/'s eye !y are usually p>allel2 & ?r\gh\t ! ,alps no ph5om5on is m con/ant ?an ! r\nd+ ( surfaces across ! extremities ( b$s slop+ outw>ds1 z se5 9 my plates #cg1 #dj1 & #dh1 & ?is especially 9 ! mo/ maje/ic m\nta9 masses4 ,comp>e ,de ,saussure ( ! ,grimsel1 #agab3 ,t\j\rs il e/ bi5 rem>quable que ces feuillets1 v]ticaux au sommet1 s'incl95t ensuite1 comme ,*am\ni1 contre le dehors de la montagne3 & aga9 ( ! granite at ,guttann51 #afgi3 ,ces c\*es ne sont pas t\t-a-fait v]ticales2 elles s'appuy5t un peu contre le ,nord-,e/1 ou1 comme ,*am\ni1 contre le dehors de la montagne4 ,aga91 ( ! qu>tz micac ( ,zumlo*1 #agbc3 ,ces ro*]s sont en c\*es peu prs v]ticales1 dont les plans c\r5t du ,nord-,e/ au ,sud-,oue/1 en s'appuyant1 suivant l'usage1 contre l'extrieur de la montagne1 ou contre la valle4 ,aga91 on ! ,pass ( ! ,gris1 #agch3 ,le ro*] prs5te des c\*es d'un s*i/e micac ray comme une t(fe2 comme de l'autre ct ils surplomb5t v]s le dehors de la montagne4 ,)\t ref]r+ to o!r passages ,i ?9k ,saussure's simple words1 suivant l'usage1 are en\gh to ju/ify my /atem5t 9 ,*ap4 ,,xiv4 #c2 only ! read] mu/ ( c\rse always rememb] t e conceivable position ( b$s takes place 9 ! ,alps1 & all ,i mean to ass]t g5]ally is1 t :]e ! masses are mo/ enorm\s & impressive1 & =m$ ( slaty cry/all9e rocks1 !re ! run ( ! b$s up1 z x 71 f )9 ! m\nta9 to its surface1 w1 9 all probability1 become a notable feature 9 ! sc5e z reg>d$ by an arti/4 ,"o some:at unusual =m assum$ by horizontal b$s ( slaty cry/all9es1 or ( granite1 is describ$ by ,saussure ) unusual admiration2 & ! passage is wor? extract+1 z be>+ on ! t]rac$ ideal ( rocks 9 ! middle ages4 ,! sc5e is 9 ! ,val ,=mazza4 ,indp5damm5t de l'intrt que ces c\*es prs5t5t au gologi/e s\s un nombre de rapports qu'il s]oit trop long et peut-tre inutile de dtaill]1 elles prs5t5t mme p\r le pe9tre1 un sup]be tableau4 ,je n'ai jamais vu de plus beaux ro*]s et di/ribus en plus gr&es masses2 ici1 blancs2 l1 noircis p> les li*5s2 l1 pe9ts de ces belles c\leurs v>ies1 que n\s admirions au ,grimsel1 et entremls d'arbres1 dont les uns c\ronn5t le fate de la montagne1 et d'autres sont 9galem5t jets sur les corni*es qui en sp>5t les c\*es4 ,v]s le bas de la montagne l'oeil se repose sur de beaux v]g]s1 dans des prairies dont le t]re9 e/ 9gal et v>i1 et sur de magnifiques *taigni]s1 dont les bran*es t5dues ombrag5t les ro*]s contre lesquels ils croiss5t4 ,en gnral1 ces granits en c\*es horizontals r$5t ce pays *>mant2 c>1 quoiqu'il y ait1 comme je l'ai dit1 des c\*es qui =m5t des saillies1 cep5dant elles sont p\r l'ord9aire arranges en grad9s1 ou en gr&es assises poses en reculem5t les unes d]rire les autres1 et les bords de ces grad9s sont c\v]ts de la plus belle v]dure1 et d'arbres di/ribus de la manire la plus pittoresque4 ,on voit mme des montagnes trs-leves1 qui out la =me de pa9 de sucre1 et qui sont ent\res et c\ronnes jusqu' leur sommet1 de guirl&es d'arbres assis sur les int]valles des c\*es1 et qui =m5t l'effet du monde le plus s+uli]4-,voyages1 #ageh4 ,ano!r /atem5t1 :i* ,i made g5]ally1 ref]r+1 = ^? qualifications :i* x is s difficult to give )\t confus+ ! read]1 to ?is app5dix1 0 t ( ! usually great] h>dness ( ! tops ( m\nta9s z comp>$ ) _! flanks4 ,my own exp]i5ce among ! ,alps has furni%$ me ) few exceptions to ?is law2 b !re is a v int]e/+ "o1 accord+ to ,saussure1 9 ! range ( ! ,furca del ,bosco4 7,voyages1 #aggi47 ,la/ly1 at page #ahf ( ?is volume1 ,i h allud$ to ! v>i\s cleavages ( ! aiguilles1 out ( :i* "o only has be5 expla9$ & illu/rat$4 ,i _h n int5d$ to treat ! subject s p>tially2 & _h actually prep>$ a long *apt]1 expla9+ ! relations ( five diff]5t & important sy/ems ( cleavage 9 ! ,*am\ni aiguilles4 ,:5 x 0 writt51 h[ev]1 ,i f\nd x look$ s repulsive to read]s 9 g5]al1 & prov$ s little t 0 ( int]e/ ev5 to read]s 9 p>ticul>1 t ,i cancell$ x1 leav+ only ! acc\nt ( :at ,i might1 p]haps1 n unju/ifiably 7f ! fir/ repres5tation ( x 9 ! ,lib] ,/udiorum7 call ,turn]'s cleavage4 ,! foll[+ passage1 :i* 0 ! introduction to ! *apt]1 may s]ve to %[ t ,i h n ignor$ ! o!rs1 ?\gh ,i f\nd1 aft] long exam9ation1 t ,turn]'s 0 ! pr9cipal "o3-- ,"o ( ! pr9cipal di/9ctions betwe5 ^! cry/all9e masses & /ratifi$ rocks1 ) respect to _! outw>dly app>5t /ructure1 is ! subtle complexity & numb] ( ranks 9 _! cry/all9e cleavages4 ,! /ratifi$ masses h always a simple intelligible organization2 _! b$s lie 9 "o direction1 & c]ta9 fissures & fractures ( ^? b$s lie 9 o!r cle>ly asc]ta9able directions2 seldom m ?an two or ?ree di/9ct directions ( ^! fractures be+ admitt$4 ,b if ! travell] w set himself delib]ately to wat* ! %ad[s on ! aiguilles ( ,*am\ni z ! sun moves r\nd !m1 he w f9d t ne>ly e qu>t] ( an h\r a new set ( cleavages becomes visible1 n confus$ & ord]less1 b a s]ies ( l9es incl9+ 9 "s "o def9ite direction1 & t s positively1 t if he _h only se5 ! aiguille at t mom5t1 he w\ld assur$ly h suppos$ its int]nal /ructure to be altoge!r regulat$ by ! l9es ( b$ or cleavage !n 9 sight4 ,let him1 h[ev]1 wait = ano!r qu>t] ( an h\r1 & he w see ^? l9es fade entirely away z ! sun r\nds !m2 & ano!r set1 p]haps q adv]se to !m & assur$ly ly+ 9 ano!r direction1 w z gradually become visible1 to die away 9 _! turn1 & be succe$$ by a ?ird s*eme ( /ructure4 ,^! 'dissolv+ views' ( ! geology ( ! aiguilles h (t5 ?r[n me into despair ( ev] be+ able to give any acc\nt ( _! =mation2 b j 9 proportion z ,i became aw>e ( ! inf9ite complexity ( _! framework1 ! "o great fact rose into m prom95t & wond]ful relief1--t ?r\gh ?is inextricable complexity !re 0 always manife/$ "s au?oritative pr9ciple4 ,x matt]$ n at :at h\r ( ! day ! aiguilles 7 exam9$1 at t h\r !y _h a sy/em ( /ructure belong+ to ! mom5t4 ,no confusion nor an>*y ev] appe>$ amid/ _! /r5g?1 b an ineffable ord]1 only ! m p]fect because incompreh5sible4 ,!y diff]$ f l[] m\nta9s1 n m]ely 9 be+ m compact1 b 9 be+ m discipl9$4 ,=1 obs]ve1 ! l9es :i* cause ^! f>-away effects ( %ad[1 are n1 z (t5 9 less noble rocks1 caus$ by real cracks ?r\gh ! body ( ! m\nta92 =1 7 ?is s1 x w\ld foll[1 f :at has j be5 /at$1 t ^! aiguilles 7 crack$ ?r\gh & ?r\gh 9 e direction1 & !re=e actually weak]1 in/ead ( /rong]1 ?an o!r rocks4 ,b ! appe>ance ( fracture is entirely ext]nal1 & ! sympa?y or p>allelism ( ! l9es indicates1 n an actual splitt+ ?r\gh ! rock1 b a m]e disposition 9 ! rock to split h>moni\sly :5 x is compell$ to d s4 ,?us1 9 ! %ell-l fractures on ! flank ( ! ,aiguille ,blaitire1 ! rock is n actually divid$1 z x appe>s to be1 into successive holl[ plates4 ,g up close to ! inn] angle betwe5 "o b$ ( rock & ! next1 & ! :ole mass w be f\nd z firmly unit$ z a piece ( glass4 ,!re is absolutely no crack betwe5 ! b$s1--no1 n s mu* z w\ld all[ ! blade ( a p5knife to ent] = a qu>t] ( an in*2#abd b su* a subtle disposition to symmetry ( fracture 9 ! he>t ( ! solid rock1 t ! next ?und]bolt :i* /rikes on t edge ( x w r5d away a %ell-%ap$ fragm5t or s]ies ( fragm5ts2 & w ei!r break x s z to cont9ue ! l9e ( "o ( ! exi/+ sides1 or 9 "s o!r l9e p>allel to t4 ,& yet ?is resolv$ness to break into %ell-%ap$ fragm5ts runn+ nor? & s\? is only *>act]i/ic ( ! rock at ?is spot1 & at c]ta9 o!r spots :]e simil> circum/ances h br\ght out ?is peculi> humor4 ,=ty y>ds f>!r on x w be equally det]m9$ to break 9 ano!r direction1 & no?+ w p]suade x to ! contr>y4 ,=ty y>ds f>!r x w *ange its m9d aga91 & face its b$s r\nd to ano!r qu>t] ( ! compass2 & yet all ^! alt]nat+ caprices are ea* p>ts ( "o mighty cont9u\s caprice1 :i* is only mask$ = a "t1 z ?reads ( "o color are 9 a patt]n$ /uff by ?reads ( ano!r2 & ?us f a di/ance1 precisely ! same cleavage is se5 repeat$ aga9 & aga9 9 diff]5t places1 =m+ a sy/ematic /ructure2 :ile o!r gr\ps ( cleavages w become visible 9 _! turn1 ei!r z we *ange our place ( obs]vation1 or z ! sunlight *anges ! direction ( its fall4 ,"o "p ( ^! rocks1 ,i ?9k1 no geologi/ int]e/$ 9 ?is subject %\ld pass )\t exam9ation2 viz41 ! little spur ( ,blaitire drawn 9 ,plate #bi1 ,fig4 #c4 ,x is se51 z !re %[n1 f ! mora9e ( ! ,*>moz glaci]1 its summit be>+ ,s4 #dj ,w42 & its cleavage b$ lean+ to ! left or ,s4,e41 aga9/ ! aiguille ,blaitire4 ,if1 h[ev]1 we g d[n to ! extremity ( ! rocks !mselves1 on ! "r1 we %all f9d t all ^? ?ick beams ( rock are actually sawn into v]tical timb]s by o!r cleavage1 sometimes s f9e z to look almo/ slaty1 direct$ /raight ,s4,e41 aga9/ ! aiguille1 z if1 cont9u$1 x w\ld saw x ?r\gh & ?r\gh2 f9ally1 cross ! spur & g d[n to ! glaci] bel[1 betwe5 x & ! ,aiguille du ,plan1 & ! bottom ( ! spur w be f\nd pres5t+ ! mo/ spl5did mossy surfaces1 ?r\gh :i* ! true gneissitic cleavage is fa9tly traceable1 dipp+ at "r angles to ! b$s 9 ,fig4 #c1 or "u ! ,aiguille ,blaitire1 ?us concurr+ ) ! b$s ( ,la ,cte4 ,i =got to note t ! view ( ?is ,aiguille ,blaitire1 giv5 9 ,plate #ci1 0 tak5 f ! /ation m>k$ q 9 ! ref]5ce figure1 p4 #afc2 & ! sket* ( ! ,aiguille du ,plan at p4 #ahg1 f ! /ation m>k$ r 9 ! same figure1 a highly int]e/+ po9t ( obs]vation 9 _m respects2 :ile ! c\rse ( transition f ! protog9e into gneiss pres5ts m rem>kable ph5om5a on ! desc5ts f t po9t r to ! ,tapia1 ,t1 ?an at any o!r easily accessible spot4 ,v>i\s int]e/+ descriptions ( granite cleavage w be f\nd 9 ,de ,saussure1 *iefly 9 8 acc\nts ( ! ,grimsel & ,/4 ,go?>d4 ,! foll[+ summ>y ( 8 obs]vations on _! positions ( b$s 7#aggd71 may s]ve to %[ ! read] h[ long ,i %\ld h deta9$ him if ,i _h endeavor$ to give a description ( all ! att5dant ph5om5a3-- ,il e/ aussi bi5 curieux de voir ces gneiss1 et ces granits ve9s1 en c\*es v]ticales ,guttann52 mlanges d'horizontals et de v]ticales au ,laut]a>2 t\tes v]ticales au ,grimsel et au ,gris2 t\tes horizontales dans le ,val ,=mazza1 et enf9 p\r la troisime fois v]ticales la sortie des ,alpes l'entre du ,lac ,majeur4 ,,iii4 ,,logical ,,education4 ,9 ! ,preface to ! ?ird volume ,i allud$ to ! conviction1 daily ga9+ gr\nd ^u me1 ( ! ne$ ( a m accurately logical education ( our y\?4 ,truly among ! mo/ pitiable & practically hurtful weaknesses ( ! mod]n ,engli% m9d1 its usual inability to grasp ! connection betwe5 any two ideas :i* h elem5ts ( opposition 9 !m1 z well z ( connection1 is p]haps ! *ief4 ,x is %[n ) s+ul> fatality 9 ! vague ef=ts made by our div9es to meet ! objections rais$ by free-?9k]s1 be>+ on ! nature & orig9 ( evil2 b !re is h>dly a s5t5ce writt5 on any matt] requir+ c>eful analysis1 by writ]s :o h n yet begun to p]ceive ! influ5ce ( _! own vanity 7& !re are too _m su* among div9es71 :i* w n involve "s half-lam5table1 half-ludicr\s1 logical flaw1--su* flaws be+ ! inv>iable consequ5ce ( a man's /ra9+ to say any?+ 9 a le>n$ in/ead ( an intelligible mann]4 ,take a s5t5ce1 = example1 f ,j4 ,a4 ,james's ,anxi\s ,inquir]3--,x is a great pr9ciple t subjective religion1 or 9 o!r words1 religion 9 u1 is produc$ & su/a9$ by fix+ ! m9d on objective religion1 or ! facts & doctr9es ( ! ,^w ( ,god4 ,cut entirely out ! words ,i h put 9 italics1 & ! s5t5ce has a mean+ 7?\gh n by any means an important "o74 ,b by its v]bosities x is ext5d$ into pure nons5se2 = facts are nei!r objective nor subjective#abe religion2 !y are n religion at all4 ,! belief ( !m1 att5d$ ) c]ta9 feel+s1 is religion2 & x mu/ always be religion 9 u1 = 9 :om else %\ld x be 7unless 9 angels2 :i* w\ld n make x less subjective74 ,x is j z rational to call doctr9es objective religion1 z to call entreaties objective compassion2 & ! only real fact ( any notability d$ucible f ! s5t5ce is1 t ! writ] desir$ e>ne/ly to say some?+ pr(\nd1 & _h no?+ pr(\nd to say4 ,to ?is same defect ( intellect mu/1 9 *>ity1 be attribut$ _m ( ! wret*$ cases ( special plead+ :i* we cont9ually he> f ! pulpit4 ,9 ! ye> #ahec1 ,i he>d1 9 ,ed9burgh1 a s]mon f a lead+ & excell5t ,presbyt]ian cl]gyman1 on a subject g5]ally grateful to ,prote/ant audi5ces1 namely ! impropriety & wick$ness ( fa/+4 ,! prea*] entirely d5i$ t !re 0 any au?ority = fa/+ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t2 decl>$ t !re 7 _m fea/s appo9t$1 b no fa/s2 insi/$ ) great en]gy on ! words =bidd+ to m>ry1 & comm&+ to ab/a9 f meats1 c41 z descriptive ( ,romanism1 & nev] once1 ?r\gh\t a long s]mon1 v5tur$ s mu* z a s+le syllable t might recall to 8 audi5ce's recollection ! exi/5ce ( su* texts z ,mat!w iv4 #b & vi4 #af1 or ,m>k ix4 #bi4 ,i h he>d _m s]mons f ,roman ,ca?olic prie/s1 b ,i nev] yet he>d1 9 ! /ronge/ holds ( ,romanism1 any s mon/r\s an in/ance ( special plead+2 9 fact1 x nev] c\ld h occurr$ 9 a s]mon by any respectable ,roman ,ca?olic div9e2 = ! ,romani/s are tra9$ to argum5t f _! y\?1 & are always to "s ext5t plausible4 ,x is ( c\rse impossible to det]m9e1 9 su* cases1 h[ f> ! prea*]1 hav+ consci5ti\sly made up 8 m9d on ! subject by =ego+ ?\ght1 & hone/ly desir+ to impress 8 conclusion on 8 congregation1 may ?9k 8 object w be be/1 & ev5 ju/ifiably atta9$1 by insi/+ on all t is 9 favor ( 8 position1 & tru/+ to ! weak heads ( 8 he>]s n to f9d out ! argum5ts = ! contr>y2 fe>+ t if he /at$1 9 any proportionate measure1 ! consid]ations on ! o!r side1 he might n be able1 9 ! "t allott$ to him1 to br+ out 8 conclusion fairly4 ,?is1 ?\gh ,i hold x an entirely false view1 is nev]!less a compreh5sible & p>donable "o1 especially 9 a man famili> ) ! reason+ capacities ( ! public2 ?\gh ^? capacities !mselves owe half _! %ortcom+s to be+ s unwor?ily treat$4 ,b1 on ! :ole1 & look+ broadly at ! way ! speak]s & tea*]s ( ! nation set ab\t _! bus9ess1 !re is an almo/ fa?omless failure 9 ! results1 ow+ to ! g5]al admission ( special plead+ z an art to be taught to y\?4 ,! ma9 ?+ :i* we ought to tea* our y\? is to see some?+1--all t ! eyes :i* ,god has giv5 !m are capable ( see+4 ,! sum ( :at we d tea* !m is to say some?+4 ,z f> z ,i h exp]i5ce ( in/ruction1 no man ev] dreams ( tea*+ a boy to get to ! root ( a matt]2 to ?9k x out2 to get quit ( passion & desire 9 ! process ( ?9k+2 or to fe> no face ( man 9 pla9ly ass]t+ ! asc]ta9$ result4 ,b to say any?+ 9 a glib & graceful mann]1--to give an epigrammatic turn to no?+1--to qu5* ! dim p]ceptions ( a feeble adv]s>y1 & p>ry cunn+ly ! home ?ru/s ( a /rong "o1--to inv5t blanknesses 9 spee* = brea?+ "t1 & slipp]9esses 9 spee* = hid+ "t1--to poli% malice to ! deadlie/ edge1 %ape pr(ession to ! seemlie/ %ad[1 & mask self-int]e/ "u ! faire/ pretext1--all ^! skills we tea* def9itely1 z ! ma9 arts ( bus9ess & life4 ,!re is a /range significance 9 ! admission ( ,ari/otle's ,rhetoric at our univ]sities z a class-book4 ,*eat+ at c>ds is a base pr(ession en\gh1 b truly x w\ld be wis] to pr9t a code ( gambl]'s leg]dema91 & give t = a class-book1 ?an to make ! leg]dema9 ( human spee*1 & ! clev] %uffl+ ( ! black spots 9 ! human he>t1 ! fir/ /udy ( our politic y\?4 ,aga91 ! ,e?ics ( ,ari/otle1 ?\gh conta9+ "s %rewd talk1 int]e/+ = an old read]1 are yet s absurdly illogical & sophi/ical1 t if a "y man has once read !m ) any fai?1 x mu/ take ye>s be=e he recov]s f ! induc$ confusions ( ?\ght & false habits ( argum5t4 ,if !re 7 ! slighte/ dext]ity or +5uity 9 ma9ta9+ ! false !ory1 !re might be "s excuse = reta9+ ! ,e?ics z a s*ool-book1 provid$ only ! tutor 7 c>eful to po9t out1 on fir/ op5+ x1 t ! ,*ri/ian virtues1--namely1 to love ) all ! he>t1 s\l1 & /r5g?2 to fight1 n z "o t beate? ! air2 & to d ) might :atsoev] ! h& f9de? to d1--c\ld n 9 anywise be def9$ z habits ( *oice 9 mod]ation4 ,b ! ,ari/otelian quibbles are s %all[1 t ,i look ^u ! ret5tion ( ! book z a confession by our univ]sities t !y consid] practice 9 %all[ quibbl+ "o ( ! ess5tial discipl9es ( y\?4 ,take1 = in/ance1 ! di/9ction made betwe5 ,envy & ,rejoic+ at ,evil 7,greek3 ph?onos & ,greek3 epi*airekakia71 9 ! second book ( ! ,e?ics1 viz41 t envy is griev$ :5 any "o meets ) good-=tune2 b ! rejoic] at evil s f> misses ( griev+1 z ev5 to rejoice 7! di/9ction betwe5 ! good & evil1 z subjects ( ! emotion1 be+ ?us omitt$1 & m]ely ! v]bal opposition ( grief & joy caught at72 & conceive ! result1 9 ! m9ds ( mo/ y\?s1 ( be+ =c$ to take tricks ( words su* z ?is 7& !re are too _m ( !m 9 ev5 ! be/ ,greek writ]s7 = subjects ( daily /udy & admiration2 ! !ory ( ! ,e?ics be+1 besides1 s hopelessly unt5able1 t ev5 quibbl+ w n always face x out1--nay1 w n help x 9 exactly ! fir/ & mo/ important example ( virtue :i* ,ari/otle has to give1 & ! v "o :i* we might h ?\ght 8 !ory w\ld h fitt$ mo/ neatly2 = def9+ temp]ance z a mean1 & intemp]ance z "o relative extreme1 n be+ able to f9d an opposite extreme1 he escapes ) ! apology t ! k9d ( p]son :o s9s 9 ! o!r extreme has no precise "n2 because1 on ! :ole1 he does n exi/6 ,i "k well ! common c5sure by :i* objections to su* futilities ( s-call$ education are met1 by ! m5 :o h be5 ru9$ by !m1--! common plea t any?+ does to ex]cise ! m9d ^u4 ,x is an utt]ly false "o4 ,! human s\l1 9 y\?1 is n a ma*9e ( :i* y c poli% ! cogs ) any kelp or brickdu/ ne> at h&2 &1 hav+ got x into work+ ord]1 & good1 empty1 & oil$ s]viceabl5ess1 />t y\r immortal locomotive at tw5ty-five ye>s old or ?irty1 express f ! ,/rait ,gate1 on ! ,n>r[ ,road4 ,! :ole p]iod ( y\? is "o ess5tially ( =mation1 edification1 in/ruction1 ,i use ! words ) _! weight 9 !m2 intak+ ( /ores1 e/abli%m5t 9 vital habits1 hopes & fai?s4 ,!re is n an h\r ( x b is trembl+ ) de/9ies1--n a mom5t ( :i*1 once pa/1 ! appo9t$ "w c ev] be done aga91 or ! neglect$ bl[ /ruck on ! cold iron4 ,take y\r vase ( ,v5ice glass out ( ! furnace1 & /rew *aff ov] x 9 its transp>5t heat1 & recov] t to its cle>ness & rubi$ glory :5 ! nor? w9d has bl[n ^u x2 b d n ?9k to /rew *aff ov] ! *ild fre% f ,god's pres5ce1 & to br+ ! heav5ly colors back to him--at lea/ 9 ?is _w4 ,,footnotes #abj ,comp>e ,/ones ( ,v5ice1 vol4 iii4 *ap4 iii4 #gd4 #aba ,tak5 all 9 all1 ! works ( ,cruik%ank h ! mo/ /]l+ value ( any belong+ to ?is class1 produc$ 9 ,engl&4 #abb ,! notice 9 ,blackwood is /ill m scurril\s2 ! circum/ance ( ,keats hav+ be5 br\ght up a surgeon is ! /aple ( ! jokes ( ! piece4 ,he is told 'x is a bett] & wis] ?+ to be a />v$ apo!c>y ?an a />v$ poet4'--,milnes' ,life ( ,keats1 vol4 i4 p4 #bjj1 & comp>e pp4 #aic1 #aid4 ,x may p]haps be said t ,i atta* too mu* importance to ! evil ( base criticism2 b ^? :o ?9k s h nev] rightly und]/ood its scope1 nor ! rea* ( t /]n say+ ( ,johnson's 7,idl]1 ,no4 #c1 ,april #bi1 #ageh73 ,little does he 7:o assumes ! "* ( a critic7 ?9k h[ _m h>mless m5 he involves 9 8 own guilt1 by tea*+ !m to be noxi\s )\t malignity1 & to repeat objections :i* !y d n und]/&4 ,& truly1 n 9 ?is k9d only1 b 9 all ?+s :atsoev]1 !re is n1 to my m9d1 a m w(ul or wond]ful matt] ( ?\ght ?an ! p[] ( a fool4 ,9 ! _w's affairs !re is no design s great or good b x w take tw5ty wise m5 to help x =w>d a few in*es1 & a s+le fool c /op x2 !re is no evil s great or s t]rible b t1 aft] a multitude ( c\nsellors h tak5 means to av]t x1 a s+le fool w br+ x d[n4 ,pe/il5ce1 fam9e1 & ! sword1 are giv5 into ! fool's h& z ! arr[s into ! h& ( ! giant3 & if he 7 fairly set =? 9 ! "r motley1 ! web ( x %\ld be sackclo? & sable2 ! bells on 8 cap1 pass+ balls2 8 badge1 a be> robb$ ( h] :elps2 & 8 bauble1 a sexton's spade4 #abc ,by ! way1 ?is d\bt ( ! possibility ( an emp]or's dea? till he proves x1 is a curi\s fact 9 ! hi/ory ( ,scotti% metaphysics 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury4 #abd ,! foll[+ extract f my di>y ref]s to ! only in/ance 9 :i* ,i rememb] any appe>ance ( a spr+1 or well+ ( wat] ?r\gh inn] fissures1 9 ! aiguilles4 #bj? ,augu/4 ,asc5d$ ! mora9e till ,i rea*$ ! base ( ,blaitire2 ! upp] "p ( ! mora9e excessively loose & edgy2 cov]$ ) fre% sn[3 ! rocks 7 wrea!d 9 mi/1 & a light sleet1 compos$ ( small gra9s ( knead$ sn[1 kept beat+ 9 my face2 x 0 bitt] cold too1 ?\gh ! !rmomet] 0 at #dc1 b ! w9d 0 l t ( an ,engli% ,decemb] ?aw4 ,i got to ! base ( ! aiguille1 h[ev]1 "o ( ! mo/ gr& & sweep+ bits ( granite ,i h ev] se52 a small gurgl+ /reamlet1 escap+ f a fissure n wide en\gh to let 9 my h&1 made a /range holl[ r++ 9 ! compact rock1 & came well+ out ov] its l$ges ) ! s\nd1 & successive wave1 ( wat] out ( a n>r[-neck$ bottle1 cov]+ ! rock ) ice 7:i* mu/ h be5 froz5 !re la/ night7 two in*es ?ick4 ,i levell$ ! ,brev5 top1 & f\nd x a little b5ea? me2 ! ,*>moz glaci] on ! left1 sank f ! mora9e 9 brok5 fragm5ts ( nev1 & swept back "u ! d>k walls ( ! ,*>moz1 lo/ 9 cl\d4 #abe ,if ^! two unlucky words get mu* m hold 9 ! language1 we %all soon h our philosoph]s refus+ to call _! d9n] d9n]1 b speak+ ( x always z _! objective appetite4 ,,end ,,( ,,! ,,f\r? ,,volume4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,corrections ,,made ,,to ,,! ,,orig9al ,,text4 ,page #ca3 '8 insi/5ce ^u ?is' correct$ f 'insi/ance4' ,page #de3 '= 9 utt] d>kness ! di/9ction is n visible' *ang$ f 'd>knes4' ,page #eb3 '%>ks1 slugs1 bones1 fungi1 frogs' orig9ally 'fogs4' ,page #fj3 'sitt+ ab\t ?ree y>ds f a bookcase' *ang$ f 'y>d4' ,page #hi3 ',we imag9e ! ,deity 9 l mann]' orig9ally 'man]4' ,page #adc3 ':atev] _! mat]ial may be1--tilt$ slightly up' *ang$ f 'tit$4' ,page #aee3 'action actually tak+ place' correct$ f 'palce4' ,page #ahe3 ':i* 9 its beautifully curv$ outl9e7' extra '7' remov$4 ,page #bfa3 'x seems p>tly to rebuke1 & p>tly to gu>d'correct$ f '& p>ty4' ,page #bgi3 'p>tly ( _! own own gravity' remov$ duplicate 'own4' ,page #bhd3 7footnote #ia7 ',ce n'e/ pas c'a' *ang$ to ',ce n'e/ pas a4' ,page #bia3 'are di/+ui%$ f ! "w ( o!r pa9t]s' f 'di/+u%d4' ,page #cjj3 ',%akesp]e' *ang$ to ',%akespe>e4' ,page #cag3 ,,*apt] ,,xix />t add$ '#a' aft] ! 4 ,page #ceb3 'its direction is illegitimate' f 'illegitmate4' ,page #cef3 ',celui qui boira' correct$ f 'doira4' ,page #ceh3 'all its peculi>ities are mann]isms' *ang$ f 'peculi>ites4'