,transcrib]s ,note3 ,! italic text is   
d5ot$ z italic4         4 4 4 ,&        
rememb]+ ^!1 tru/ ,p9d> = ! tru? ( 8    
say+1 t to ! cunn+ workman--7& let me   
solemnly en=ce     ! words by add+1 t to
 him only7--k comes     undeceitful4    
--,,rusk9 7,aratra ,p5telici74      ',v 
cool ( ,tom1' z ,ea/ ?\ght b didn't say1
 'see+ z     h[ he only came out (      
,egypt himself la/ night at b$-"t4'     
--7,tom ,br[n's ,s*ooldays74         ,,!
 ,,arti/ic ,,crafts ,,s]ies       ,,(   
,,te*nical ,,h&books       ,,edit$ ,,by 
,w4 ,r4 ,,le?aby          ,,/a9$ ,,glass
 ,,"w     ,illu/ration3 ,,cutt+ ,,&     
,,glaz+  ,frontispiece 7,see p4 #acg7   
,,/a9$ ,,glass ,,"w     ,a ,,text-,,book
 ,,= ,,/ud5ts     ,,& ,,work]s ,,9      
,,glass4 ,,by     ,c4 ,w4 ,,:all4 ,,)   
,,diagrams     ,,by ,,two ,,( ,,8       
,,appr5tices     ,,& ,,o!r              
,,illu/rations              ,,new ,,york
      ,d4 ,,appleton ,,& ,,company      
,,mcmxiv         ,pr9t$ by ,,ballantyne1
 ,,hanson  ,,co4     at ! ,ballantyne   

,press1 ,ed9burgh         ,to 8 ,pupils 
& ,assi/ants1 :o1 if !y     h le>n$ z   
mu* f him z he has     f !m1 h sp5t _!  
"t pr(itably2     & :o1 if !y h enjoy$  
le>n+ z     mu* z he has tea*+1 h sp5t x
 happily2     ?is little book is        
,d$icat$ by _! ,affectionate     ,ma/] &
 ,s]vant1                               
,,! ,,au?or4     ,,editor',s ,,preface  
,9 issu+ ^! volumes ( a s]ies ( ,h&books
 on ! ,arti/ic ,crafts1 x w be well to  
/ate :at are our g5]al aims4  ,9 ! fir/ 
place1 we wi% to provide tru/wor?y      
text-books ( work%op practice1 f ! po9ts
 ( view ( exp]ts :o h critically exam9$ 
! me?ods curr5t 9 ! %ops1 & putt+ aside 
va9 survivals1 are prep>$ to say :at is 
good workman%ip1 & to set up a /&>d (   
quality 9 ! crafts :i* are m especially 
associat$ ) design4 ,secondly1 9 do+    
?is1 we hope to treat design itself z an
 ess5tial "p ( good workman%ip4 ,dur+ ! 
la/ c5tury mo/ ( ! arts1 save pa9t+ &   
sculpture ( an academic k9d1 7 little   
consid]$1 & !re 0 a t5d5cy to look on   

design z a m]e matt] ( appe>ance4 ,su*  
ornam5tation z !re 0 0 usually obta9$ by
 foll[+ 9 a me*anical way a draw+       
provid$ by an arti/ :o (t5 knew little (
 ! te*nical processes involv$ 9         
production4 ,) ! critical att5tion giv5 
to ! crafts by ,rusk9 & ,morris1 x came 
to be se5 t x 0 impossible to deta*     
design f craft 9 ?is way1 & t1 9 ! wide/
 s5se1 true design is an insep>able     
elem5t ( good quality1 involv+ z x does 
! selection ( good & suitable mat]ial1  
contrivance = special purpose1 exp]t    
workman%ip1 prop] f9i%1 & s on1 f> m ?an
 m]e ornam5t1 & inde$1 t ornam5tation   
itself 0 r an exub]ance ( f9e workman%ip
 ?an a matt] ( m]ely ab/ract l9es4      
,workman%ip :5 sep>at$ by too wide a    
gulf f fre% ?\ght--t is1 f              
design--inevitably decays1 &1 on ! o!r  
h&1 ornam5tation1 divorc$ f workman%ip1 
is necess>ily unreal1 & quickly falls   
into affectation4 ,prop] ornam5tation   
may be def9$ z a language address$ to ! 
eye2 x is pleasant ?\ght express$ 9 !   

spee* ( ! tool4  ,9 ! ?ird place1 we    
w\ld h ?is s]ies put arti/ic            
craftsman%ip be=e p z furni%+ reasonable
 occupations = ^? :o w\ld ga9 a         
livelihood4 ,al?\gh )9 ! b\nds (        
academic art1 ! competition1 ( its k9d1 
is s acute t only a v few p] c5t4 c     
fairly hope to succe$ z pa9t]s &        
sculptors2 yet1 z arti/ic craftsm51 !re 
is e probability t ne>ly e "o :o w\ld   
pass ?r\gh a suffici5t p]iod (          
appr5tice%ip to workman%ip & design w\ld
 rea* a measure ( success4  ,9 ! bl5d+ (
 h&work & ?\ght 9 su* arts z we propose 
to deal )1 happy c>e]s may be f\nd z f> 
remov$ f ! dre>y r\t9e ( hack lab\r z f 
! t]rible unc]ta9ty ( academic art4 ,x  
is desirable 9 e way t m5 ( good        
education %\ld be br\ght back into !    
productive crafts3 !re are m ?an en\gh (
 u 9 ! city1 & x is probable t m        
consid]ation w be giv5 9 ?is c5tury ?an 
9 ! la/ to ,design & ,workman%ip4       
99       99       99       99       99  
,our la/ volume dealt ) "o ( ! bran*es (

 sculpture1 ! pres5t treats ( "o ( !    
*ief =ms ( pa9t+4 ,glass-pa9t+ has be51 
& is capable ( aga9 becom+1 "o ( ! mo/  
noble =ms ( ,art4 ,because ( its        
subjection to /rict conditions1 & its   
special glory ( illum9at$ col\r1 x holds
 a supreme position 9 its association ) 
ar*itecture1 a position high] ?an any   
o!r art1 except1 p]haps1 mosaic &       
sculpture4  ,! conditions & aptitudes ( 
! ,art are mo/ sugge/ively discuss$ 9 ! 
pres5t volume by "o :o is n only an     
arti/1 b also a ma/] craftsman4 ,! great
 "q ( col\r has be5 "h op5$ up = ! fir/ 
"t 9 our s]ies1 & x is well t x %\ld be 
s1 9 connection ) ?is1 ! pre-em95t      
col\r-art4  ,w9d[s ( col\r$ glass 7 us$ 
by ! ,romans4 ,! ?ick lattices f\nd 9   
,arab art1 9 :i* brightly-col\r$ morsels
 ( glass are set1 & ^u :i* ! idea ( !   
jewell$ w9d[s 9 ! /ory ( ,aladd9 is     
d\btless bas$1 are ,ea/]n (f-%oots f ?is
 root4  ,pa9t+ 9 l9e & %ade on glass 0  
probably inv5t$ 9 ! ,we/ n lat] ?an !   
ye> #aajj1 & !re are 9 ,france _m       

examples1 at ,*>tres1 ,le ,mans1 & o!r  
places1 :i* date back to ! middle ( !   
twelf? c5tury4  ,!ophilus1 !            
twelf?-c5tury writ] on ,art1 tells u t !
 ,fr5* glass 0 ! mo/ fam\s4 ,9 ,engl& ! 
fir/ notice ( /a9$ glass is 9 connection
 ) ,bi%op ,hugh's "w at ,durham1 ( :i*  
we are told t ar\nd ! alt> he plac$     
sev]al glaz$ w9d[s rem>kable = ! beauty 
( ! figures :i* !y conta9$2 ?is 0 ab\t  
#aage4  ,9 ! ,fabric ,acc\nts ( our     
national monum5ts _m int]e/+ facts z to 
m$iaeval /a9$ glass are pres]v$4 ,!     
acc\nts ( ! build+ ( ,/4 ,/eph5's       
,*apel1 9 ! middle ( ! f\rte5? c5tury1  
make kn[n to u ! proc$ure ( ! m$iaeval  
craftsm54 ,we f9d 9 ^! fir/ a workman   
prep>+ :ite bo>ds1 & !n ! ma/] glazi]   
draw+ ! c>toons on ! :it5$ bo>ds1 & _m  
o!r details z to cu/oms1 prices1 &      
wages4  ,!re is n mu* old glass to be   
/udi$ 9 ,london1 b 9 ! museum at ,s\?   
,k5s+ton !re are specim5s ( "s ( !      
pr9cipal v>ieties4 ,^! are to be f\nd 9 
! ,furniture corridor & ! corridor :i*  

leads f x4 ,close by a f9e s]ies (      
,engli% coats ( arms ( ! f\rte5? c5tury1
 :i* are excell5t examples ( ,h]aldry1  
is plac$ a fragm5t ( a broad bord]      
probably ( late twelf?-c5tury "w4 ,!    
?irte5? c5tury is repres5t$ by a        
rem>kable collection1 mo/ly f ! ,/e4    
,*apelle 9 ,p>is & execut$ ab\t #abdh4  
,! mo/ /rik+ ( ^! remnants %[ a s]ies ( 
,k+s seat$ amid/ bold scrolls ( foliage1
 be+ p>ts ( a ,jesse ,tree1 ! n>r[]     
/rips1 9 :i* are ,prophets1 7 plac$ to !
 "r & left ( ! ,k+s1 & all ?ree made up 
! wid? ( "o light 9 ! orig9al w9d[4 ,!  
deep brilliant col\r1 ! small pieces (  
glass us$1 & ! ri* backgr\nds are all   
*>act]i/ic ( mid-?irte5?-c5tury glaz+4  
,( e>ly fifte5?-c5tury workman%ip are ! 
l>ge s+le figures /&+ "u canopies1 & ^! 
are good examples ( ,engli% glass ( ?is 
"t4 ,!y 7 remov$ f ,w9*e/] ,college     
,*apel ab\t #ahbe by ! process kn[n z   
re/oration4  ,w4 ,r4 ,,le?aby4  ,janu>y 
#aije4     ,,au?or',s ,,preface   ,!    
au?or mu/ be p]mitt$ to expla9 t he     

und]took 8 task ) "s reluctance1 & to   
say a ^w by way ( expla9+ 8 position4   
,i h always held t no art c be taught by
 books1 & t an arti/'s be/ way ( tea*+  
is directly & p]sonally to 8 own pupils1
 & ma9ta9$ ^! ?+s /ubbornly & = long to 
^? :o wi%$ ?is book writt54 ,b ,i h su* 
respect = ! good judgm5t ( ^? :o h1 dur+
 ! la/ eight ye>s1 work$ 9 ! tea*+ side 
( ! art & craft movem5t1 &1 9 fur!rance 
( its objects1 h comm5c$ ?is s]ies (    
h&books1 & su* a belief 9 ! movem5t1 (  
:i* ^! p]sons & circum/ances =m a "p1 t 
,i felt b\nd to yield on ! condition (  
say+ j :at ,i lik$ 9 my own way1 &      
address+ myself only to /ud5ts1 speak+ z
 ,i w\ld speak to a class or at ! b5*1  
c>eless ( ! g5]al read]4  ,y w f9d      
y\rself1 !re=e1 read]1 address$ z ,de>  
,/ud5t4 7,i "k ! t]m occurs fur!r on47  
,b because ?is book is writt5 = /ud5ts1 
x does n !re=e mean t x mu/ all be      
br\ght )9 ! compreh5sion ( ! y\nge/     
appr5tice4 ,= x is becom+ ! fa%ion1 9   
our days1 = arti/s ( m]it--pa9t]s1      

p]haps1 ev5 ( di/9ction--to take up !   
practice ( "o or o!r ( ! crafts4 ,all   
w\ld be well1 = su* new work]s are ne$$1
 if x 0 inde$ ! practice ( ! craft t !y 
set !mselves to4 ,b too (t5 x is :at is 
call$ ! design+ = x only 9 :i* !y       
engage1 & x is ! duty ( e "o speak+ or  
writ+ ab\t ! matt] to po9t out h[ fatal 
is t error4  ,"o mu/ provide a ^w1 !n1 =
 su* z ^! also "h if "o c4  ,inde$1 to  
reckon up all ! classes to :om su* a    
book z ?is %\ld be address$1 we %\ld h1 
,i ?9k1 to "n3--  7#a7 ,! work] 9 !     
ord9>y %op1 :o is le>n+ !re at pres5t1  
to our regret1 only a portion ( 8 craft1
 & :o %\ld be giv5 an insight into !    
:ole1 & into ! fairyl& ( design4  7#b7  
,! magnific5t & sup]ior arti/1 mature 9 
imag9ation & composition1 fully equipp$ 
z a pa9t] ( pictures1 p]haps ev5 (      
academical di/9ction1 :o turns 8        
att5tion to ! craft1 & )\t any adequate 
practical tra9+ 9 x1 :i* alone c\ld tea*
 its "r pr9ciples1 makes1 & 9 ! nature (
 ?+s is b\nd to make1 great             

mi/akes--mi/akes easily avoidable4 ,no  
su* ?+ c possibly be "r4 ,raphael       
himself design$ = tape/ry1 & ! c>toons  
are priceless1 b ! tape/ry a gha/ly     
failure4 ,x c\ld n h be5 o!rwise "u !   
conditions4 ,executant sep>at$ f design]
 by all ! leagues t lie betwe5 ,arras & 
,rome4  7#c7 ,! patron1 :o %\ld "k      
some?+ ( ! craft1 t he may n1 mi/ru/+1 z
 s (t5 at pres5t1 8 own ta/e1 be        
compell$ to tru/ to "s "o else's ,"n1 & 
( c\rse looks out = a big "o4  7#d7 ,!  
ar*itect & *ur* dignit>y :o1 hav+ su*   
grave responsibilities 9 _! h&s t[>ds ! 
build+s ( :i* !y are ! gu>dians1 wi%1   
naturally1 to und]/& ! details :i* =m a 
"p ( _! *>ge4 ,& la/ly1 a new &         
important class t has lately sprung into
 exi/5ce1 ! well-equipp$1 pick$         
/ud5t--brilliant & be-m$all$1 able      
draughtsman1 able pa9t]2 "y1 ?\ghtful1  
ambiti\s1 & educat$1 :o1 in/ead (       
drift+1 z till rec5tly1 into ! ov]cr[d$ 
ranks ( picture-mak+1 has n[ !          
opportunity ( *oos+ o!r weapons 9 !     

arm\ry ( ! arts4  ,to all ^! classes    
apply ^? gold5 words f ,rusk9's ,aratra 
,p5telici :i* are quot$ on ! fly-leaf ( 
! pres5t volume1 :ile ! _s 9 :i* ,i     
myself w\ld write 9 amplify+ !m is      
impli$ by my adopt+ ! comm5t & w>n+     
express$ 9 ! o!r s5t5ce !re quot$4 ,!   
face ( ! arts is 9 a /ate ( *ange4 ,!   
words craft & craftsman%ip1 unhe>d a    
decade or two ago1 n[ fill ! air2 we are
 none ( u inh]itors ( any wor?y         
tradition1 & ^? :o h *anc$ to grope ab\t
 = !mselves1 & seem to h f\nd "s safe   
foot+1 h v little1 x seems to me1 to    
plume or pride !mselves ^u1 b only      
some?+ to be ?ankful = 9 _! good luck4  
,b to h le>nt fai?fully "o ( ! +5u\s    
arts 7or crafts7 is good luck & is firm 
foot+2 we may n d\bt x :o feel x /rong  
b5ea? our feet1 & x mu/ be prop] to u to
 help t[>ds x ! d\btless q z wor?y or   
wor?i]1 b less =tunate1 :o may yet be 9 
"s ( ! quicks&s ar\nd4  ,x also happ5s t
 ! art ( /a9$ glass1 ?\gh rea*+ to v    
high & great ?+s1 is 9 its me?ods &     

processes a simple1 or at lea/ a v      
limit$1 "o4 ,!re are b few ?+s to d1    
:ile at ! same "t ! pr9ciples ( x t\* ! 
:ole field ( art1 & x is impossible to  
treat ( x )\t discuss+ ^! great matt]s &
 ! laws :i* guide decorative art        
g5]ally4 ,x happ5s conv5i5tly1 !re=e1 z 
! te*nical "p requires less space1 t ^! 
?+s %\ld be treat$ ( 9 ?is p>ticul>     
book1 & x becomes ! au?or's delicate &  
difficult task to d s4 ,he1 !re=e1 wi%es
 to make cle> at />t+ ! _s 9 :i* ! task 
is und]tak54  ,x rema9s only to express 
8 ?anks to ,mr4 ,drury & ,mr4 ,noel     
,heaton = help respectively1 ) !        
te*nical & sci5tific detail2 to ,mr4 ,/4
 ,john ,hope = p]mission to use 8       
reproductions f ! ,w9dsor /all-plates1 &
 to ,mr4 ,selwyn ,image = 8 great       
k9dness 9 revis+ ! pro(s4  ,c4 ,w4      
,,:all4  ,janu>y #aije4                 
,,cont5ts                               
,,page       ,,editor',s ,,preface      
xi       ,,au?or',s ,,preface           
xvii        ,,"p ,i       ,,*apt] ,i    

,introductory1 & ,conc]n+ ! ,raw        
,mat]ial                    #bi         
,,*apt] ,,ii       ,cutt+ 7elem5t>y7--,!
 ,diamond--,! ,:eel--,%>p5+--,h[      to
 ,cut--,am\nt ( ,=ce--,!      ,beg9n]'s 
,mi/ake--,tapp+--,possible &            
,impossible ,cuts--,groze+--,defects ( !
      ,:eel--,! ,actual ,nature ( a ,cut
 9      ,glass                          
#cc        ,,*apt] ,,iii       ,pa9t+   
7elem5t>y7--,pigm5ts--,mix+--,h[ to     
,fill !                                 
,bru%--,outl9e--,examples--,indu/ry--,! 
,ne$le & ,/ick--,complet+ ! ,outl9e     
#ef       ,,*apt] ,,iv                  
,matt+--,badg]+--,h[ to pres]ve         
,correctness (      ,outl9e--,difficulty
 ( ,l>ge ,"w--,ill-gr\nd                
,pigm5t--,! ,mull]--,ov]gr\nd           
,pigm5t--,tak+      out                 
,lights--,scrubs--,! ,ne$ ( a      ,ma/]
                                        
#gb        ,,*apt] ,v       ,cutt+      
7advanc$7--,! ,ideal ,c>toon--,!        
,cut-l9e--,sett+      !                 

,c>toon--,transf]r+ ! ,cut-l9e      to !
 ,glass--,ano!r ,way--,"s ,pr9ciples    
( ,ta/e--,c\nt]*>g+                     
#hc        ,,*apt] ,,vi       ,pa9t+    
7advanc$7--,wax+-up--,cleanl9ess--,fur!r
      ,me?ods ( ,pa9t+--,/ipple--,dry   
,/ipple--,film--,effects (              
,di/ance--,dang] (                      
,ov]-,pa9t+--,fry+                      
#id        ,,*apt] ,,vii                
,fir+--,?ree ,k9ds ( ,kiln--,advantages 
& ,disadvantages--,!                    
,gas-,kiln--,quick                      
,fir+--,dang]--,suffici5t               
,fir+--,s(t ,pigm5ts--,diff]5ce 9       
,glasses--,/ale ,"w--,! ,sci5tific      
,facts--,h[      to ,judge (            
,fir+--,draw+ ! ,kiln                   
#aje        ,,*apt] ,,viii       ,!     
,second ,pa9t+--,disappo9tm5t ) ,fir$   
,"w--,a ,false ,rem$y--,a ,useful       
,tool--,!      ,ne$le--,a ,res\rce (    
,desp]ation--,! ,middle                 
,c\rse--,use ( ! ,f+]--,! ,second       
,pa9t+--,proc$ure       #aah            

,,*apt] ,,ix       ,( ,/a9+ &           
,acid+--,yell[ ,/a9--,acid+--,caution   
requir$ 9 ,use--,rem$y = ,burn+--,uses  
( ,acid+--,o!r ,res\rces ( ,/a9$        
,glass ,"w                              
#abi        ,,*apt] ,x       ,lead+-,up 
& ,fix+--,sett+ out ! ,b5*--,relation   
( ,lead+ to mode ( ,fix+ 9 !            
,/one--,process ( ,fix+--,lead+-,up     
,resum$--,/raight5+      ! ,lead--,!    
,la?yk9--,!      ,cutt+-,knife--,!      
,nails--,! ,/opp+-,knife--,knock+       
,up                                     
#acc        ,,*apt] ,,xi                
,sold]+--,h&l+ ! ,lead$                 
,panel--,cem5t+--,recipe      =         
,cem5t--,! ,bru%--,division (      ,long
 ,lights into ,sections--,h[ ,jo9$ :5   
,fix$--,b&+--,fix+--,*ipp+ out ! ,old   
,glaz+--,ins]t+ ! ,new & ,cem5t+        
#add          ,,"p ,,ii       ,,*apt]   
,,xii       ,introductory--,! ,great    
,que/ions--,col\r--,light--,ar*itectural
                                        
,fitness--,limitations--,?\ght--,imag9at

ion--,allegory            #aed          
,,*apt] ,,xiii       ,( ,economy--,!    
,engli%man's ,wa/efulness--,its         
,good ,side--,its                       
,excess--,difficulties--,a              
,calculation--,rem$ies    #aef          
,,*apt] ,,xiv       ,( ,p]fection--,9   
,little ,?+s--,cleanl9ess--,al]tness--,b
      n ,hurry--,realis+ y\r            
,conditions--,false                     
,lead-,l9es--,%utt+ out                 
,light--,b>s--,_!      ,numb]--,_!      
,importance--,prec$5ce--,obs]v+      y\r
 ,limitations--,a ,result (             
,complete ,tra9+--,! ,special           
,limitations (      ,/a9$               
,glass--,disguis+ ! ,lead-,l9e--,no full
      ,realism--,no viol5t              
,action--,self-,effacem5t--,no          
,craft-,juggl]y--,ar*itectural ,fitness 
f\nd$      on ,ar*itectural ,k--,see+   
,"w 9      ,situ--,sket*+ 9 ,glass--,!  
,arti/ic ,use (      ! ,lead--,/epp+    
,back--,accept+ ,b>s &                  
,leads--,lov+ ,c>e--,:ite ,spaces to be 

,int]e/+--,br++      out ! ,quality ( ! 
,glass--,spott+ &                       
,dappl+--,build]s-,glaz+      v]sus     
,mod]n ,re/or+                          
#afc        ,,*apt] ,,xv       ,a ,few  
,little ,dodges--,a ,clumsy ,tool--,a   
,sub/itute--,a      ,glass ,rack--,an   
,inconv5i5t ,easel--,a      ,conv5i5t   
,easel--,a ,wax+-up ,tool--,an          
,easel ) ,movable ,plates--,mak+ !      
mo/ ( a ,room--,h&l+                    
,c>toons--,cleanl9ess--,du/--,!         
,selvage ,edge--,dry+ a      ,badg]--,a 
,comm5t                                 
#ahb        ,,*apt] ,,xvi       ,(      
,col\r                                  
#aih        ,,*apt] ,,xvii       ,(     
,ar*itectural ,fitness                  
#bcd       ,,*apt] ,,xviii       ,(     
,?\ght1 ,imag9ation1 & ,allegory        
#bdh        ,,*apt] ,,xix       ,(      
,g5]al ,conduct & ,proc$ure--,am\nt (   
,legitimate ,assi/ance--,! ,ord9>y      
,practice--,!      ,great ,rule--,!     
,second ,great ,rule--,f\r      ,?+s to 

,obs]ve--,art v4 ,r\t9e--,!      ,tru? (
 ! ,case--,! ,p5alty ( ,virtue 9      ! 
,matt]--,! ,comp5sat+                   
,privilege--,practical                  
,applications--,an ,economy ( ,"t      9
 ! ,/udio--,indu/ry--,"w ,to            
,ord]--,cli5ts      & ,patrons--,&      
,reque/s ,reasonable      &             
,unreasonable--,! ,*ief ,difficulty !   
,*ief ,opportunity--,b asc]ta9 all      
,conditions      be=e />t+ ,"w--,bus9ess
 ,habits--,ord]--,accuracy--,sett+      
out ,c>toon ,=ms--,an ,arti/      mu/   
,dream--,b ,wake--,?ree ,pla9 ,rules    
#bfd        ,,*apt] ,,xx       ,a ,/r+ (
 ,beads                                 
#bij        ,,app5dix ,i       ,"s      
,sugge/ions z to ! ,/udy ( ,old ,glass  
#cjh        ,,app5dix ,,ii       ,on !  
,re/or+ ( ,anci5t ,w9d[s                
#cae       ,,app5dix ,,iii       ,,page 
,h9ts = ! ,curriculum ( a ,te*nical     
,s*ool =      ,/a9$ ,glass--,examples = 
,pa9t+--,examples      ( ,drap]y--,draw+
 f ,nature--,ornam5tal      ,design     

#cba        ,,notes ,,on ,,! ,,collotype
 ,,plates                               
#cbg       ,,! ,,collotype ,,plates     
#ccg       ,,gloss>y                    
#cfi       ,,index                      
#cgc     ,,"p ,i   ,,*apt] ,i           
,,introductory1 ,,& ,,conc]n+ ,,! ,,raw 
,,mat]ial   ,y are to "k t /a9$ glass   
means pieces ( col\r$ glasses put toge!r
 ) /rips ( lead into ! =m ( w9d[s2 n a  
picture pa9t$ on glass ) col\r$ pa9ts4  
,y "k t a be] bottle is blacki%1 a hock 
bottle orange-br[n1 a soda-wat] bottle  
gre5i%-:ite--^! are ! col\rs ( ! :ole   
sub/ance ( :i* !y are respectively made4
  ,break su* a bottle1 ea* little bit is
 /ill a bit ( col\r$ glass4 ,s1 also1   
blue is us$ = poison bottles1 deep gre5 
& deep r$ = c]ta9 w9e glasses1 &1 inde$1
 almo/ all col\rs = "o purpose or ano!r4
  ,n[ ^! are ! same glass1 & col\r$ 9 ! 
same way z t us$ = *ur* w9d[s4  ,su*    
col\r$ glasses are cut into ! %apes (   
faces1 or figures1 or robes1 or         
canopies1 or :atev] y want & :atev] !   

subject dem&s2 !n features are pa9t$ on 
! faces1 folds on ! robes1 & s =?--n )  
col\r1 m]ely ) br[n %ad+2 !n1 :5 ?is    
%ad+ has be5 burnt into ! glass 9 a     
kiln1 ! pieces are put toge!r into a    
picture by means ( groov$ /rips ( lead1 
into :i* !y fit4  ,?is book1 x is hop$1 
w set =? pla9ly h[ ^! ?+s are done1 = ! 
b5efit ( ^? :o d n "k2 &1 = ! b5efit (  
^? :o d "k1 x w exam9e & discuss ! "r   
pr9ciples on :i* w9d[s %\ld be made1 & !
 rules ( good ta/e & ( imag9ation1 :i*  
make su* a diff]5ce betwe5 beautiful &  
vulg> art2 = y may "k intimately all !  
processes ,i h spok5 (1 & be skilful 9  
!m1 & yet misapply !m1 s t y\r w9d[ _h  
bett] nev] h be5 made4  ,skill is good  
if y use x wisely & = good end2 b craft 
( h& employ$ fooli%ly is no m use to y  
?an swiftness ( foot w\ld be ^u ! broad 
road lead+ d[nw>ds--! cripple is happi]4
  ,a cle> & calculat+ bra9 may be us$ = 
/atesman%ip or sci5ce1 or m]ely =       
gambl+4 ,y1 we w say1 h a true eye & a  
cunn+ h&2 w y use !m on ! pass+ fa%ion (

 ! h\r--! morbid1 ! trivial1 !          
ins9c]e--or 9 illu/rat+ ! et]nal tru?s &
 dignities1 ! h]oisms & sanctities (    
life1 & its innoc5cies & gaieties8  ,?is
 book1 !n1 is divid$ into two p>ts1 (   
:i* ! int5tion ( "o is to promote &     
produce skilfulness ( h&1 & ( ! o!r to  
direct x to wor?y ends4  ,! mak+ ( glass
 itself--( ! raw mat]ial--! col\r$      
glasses us$ 9 /a9$-glass w9d[s1 _c be   
treat$ ( "h4 ,:at are call$ ,antiques   
are *iefly us$1 & !re are also special  
glasses repres5t+ ! ideals & exp]im5ts (
 en?usia/s--,prior's ,e>ly ,engli%      
glass1 & ! some:at simil> ,norman glass4
 ,^! glasses1 h[ev]1 are = craftsm5 (   
exp]i5ce to use3 !y require mature skill
 & judgm5t 9 ! us+2 to ! beg9n]1        
,antiques are en\gh = _m a day to come4 
,h[ to "k ! ,"r & ,wrong ,sides ( a     
,piece ( ,antique ,glass4--,take up a   
%eet ( "o ( ^! & look at x4 ,y w notice 
t ! two sides look diff]5t2 "o side has 
c]ta9 little depressions z if x _h be5  
prick$ ) a p91 sometimes also "s wavy   

/reaks4 ,turn x r\nd1 &1 look+ at ! o!r 
side1 y /ill see ^! ?+s1 b blurr$1 z if 
se5 ?r\gh wat]1 :ile ! surface itself on
 ?is side looks smoo?2 :at inequalities 
!re are be+ projections r ?an           
depressions4 ,n[ ! side y fir/ look$ at 
is ! side to cut on1 & ! side to pa9t   
on1 & x is ! side plac$ inw>ds :5 ! w9d[
 is put up4  ,! reason is ?is4 ,glass is
 made into %eets by be+ bl[n into       
bubbles1 j z a *ild bl[s soap-bubbles4  
,if y bl[ a soap-bubble y w see /reaks  
play+ ab\t 9 x1 j l ! wavy /reaks y     
notice 9 ! glass4  ,! bubble is bl[n1   
op5$ at ! ends1 & manipulat$ ) tools    
:ile hot1 until x is ! %ape ( a         
dra9-pipe2 !n cut d[n "o side & op5$ out
 ^u a flatt5+-/one until ! r\nd pipe is 
a flat %eet2 & x is ?is /one :i* gives !
 glass ! diff]5t texture1 ! dimpl$      
surface :i* y notice4  ,"s glasses are  
fla%$2 t is to say1 a bubble is bl[n :i*
 is ma9ly compos$ ( :ite glass2 b1 be=e 
bl[+1 x is also dipp$ into ano!r col\r$ 
glass--r$1 p]haps1 or blue--& ! two are 

!n bl[n toge!r1 s t ! r$ or blue glass  
spreads out into a ?9 film closely unit$
 to1 9 fact fus$ on to1 & completely "o 
)1 ! :ite glass :i* =ms ! base2 mo/     
,ruby glasses are made 9 ?is way4       
,,*apt] ,,ii       ,cutt+ 7elem5t>y7--,!
 ,diamond--,! ,:eel--,%>p5+--,h[ to     
,cut--,am\nt ( ,=ce--- ,! ,beg9n]'s     
,mi/ake--,tapp+--,possible      &       
,impossible ,cuts--,groze+--,defects ( !
 ,:eel--,! ,actual      ,nature ( a ,cut
 9 ,glass4   ,no writt5 directions c    
tea* ! use ( ! diamond2 x is z s5sitive 
to ! h& z ! /r+ ( a viol91 & a good     
workman feels ) a mo/ delicate t\*      
exactly :]e ! cutt+ edge is1 & uses 8   
tool accord+ly4 ,e appr5tice c\nts on   
spoil+ a gu9ea diamond 9 ! le>n+1 :i* w 
take him f "o to two ye>s4  ,mo/ cutt]s 
n[ use ! :eel1 ( :i* illu/rations are   
giv5 7figs4 #a & #b74  ,illu/ration3    
,,figs4 #a ,,& #b4  ,! :eels !mselves   
are good ?+s1 & cut z well z ! diamond1 
9 "s respects almo/ bett]2 b _m ( !     
h&les are v unsatisfactory4 ,f "s ( !m  

inde$ "o might suppose1 if su* a ?+ 7   
conceivable1 t ! mak] knew no?+ ( ! use 
( ! tool4  ,= x is held ?us 7fig4 #e71 !
 pressure ( ! =ef+] bo? guid+ ! cut &   
supply+ =ce = x3 & !y give y an edge to 
press on 7fig4 #a7 in/ead ( a surface6  
,9 "s o!r patt]ns1 inde$1 !y d give y ! 
desir$ surface1 b ! tool is s ?9 t !re  
is no?+ to grip4 ,:at ought to be done  
is to reproduce ! %ape ( ! old wood5    
h&le ( ! diamond prop] 7figs4 #c & #d74 
,illu/ration3 ,,figs4 #c ,,& #d4  ,!    
=ego+ passage mu/1 h[ev]1 be amplifi$ & 
modifi$1 b ?is ,i w d fur!r on1 = y w   
und]/& ! reasons bett] if ,i ins]t x    
aft] :at ,i _h writt5 fur!r ) reg>d to !
 cutt+ ( glass4  ,h[ to ,%>p5 ! ,:eel   
,cutt]4--,! "r way to d ?is is difficult
 to describe 9 writ+4 ,y mu/1 fir/ (    
all1 gr9d d[n ! %\ld]s ( ! tool1 ?r\gh  
:i* ! pivot ( ! :eel goes1 = !y are made
 s l>ge t ! :eel _c rea* ! /one 7fig4   
#f71 & mu/ be r$uc$ 7fig4 #g74 ,!n1 aft]
 fir/ oil+ ! pivot s t ! :eel may run   
easily1 y mu/ hold ! tool z %[n 9 fig4  

#h1 & rub x swiftly up & d[n ! /one4 ,! 
angle at :i* ! :eel %\ld re/ on ! /one  
is %[n 9 fig4 #i4 ,y w see t ! angle at 
:i* ! :eel meets ! /one is a little     
blunt] ?an ! angle ( ! side ( ! :eel    
itself4 ,y d n want to make ! tool too  
%>p1 o!rwise y w risk break+ d[n ! edge1
 :5 ! :eel w cease to be truly circul>1 
& :5 t occurs x is absolutely useless4  
,! same ?+ w happ5 if ! :eel is *eck$ 9 
its revolution :ile %>p5+1 & !re=e !    
pivot mu/ be kept oil$ bo? = cutt+ &    
%>p5+4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #e4        
,illu/ration3 ,,figs4 #f & #g4  ,x is a 
curi\s fact to notice t ! tool1 be x    
:eel or diamond1 t is too %>p is n1 9   
practice1 f\nd to make s good a cut z "o
 t is less %>p2 x scrat*es ! glass &    
?r[s up a l9e ( spl9t]s4  ,h[ to ,cut   
,glass4--,hold ! cutt] z %[n 9 !        
illu/ration 7fig4 #e71 a little slop+   
t[>ds y1 b p]fectly upright lat]ally2   
draw x t[>ds y1 h>d en\gh to make x j   
bite ! glass4 ,if x leaves a m>k y c    
h>dly see x is a good cut 7fig4 #aj;,b71

 b if x scrat*es a :ite l9e1 ?r[+ up    
glass-du/ z x goes1 ei!r ! tool is      
faulty1 or y are press+ too h>d1 or y   
are apply+ ! pressure to ! :eel unev5ly 
& at an angle to ! direction ( ! cut    
7fig4 #aj;,a74 ,n t y c make ! :eel move
 sideways 9 ! cut actually2 x w keep    
itself /raight z a pl\gh%>e keeps 9 its 
furr[1 b x w press sideways1 & s break  
d[n ! edges ( ! furr[1 :ile if y        
exagg]ate ?is en\gh x w actually leave !
 furr[1 &1 ceas+ to cut1 w skid aside   
ov] ! glass4 ,z to pressure1 all cutt]s 
beg9 by press+ mu* too h>d2 ! tool hav+ 
/>t$ bit+1 x %\ld be kept only j bit+   
:ile drawn along4 ,! cut %\ld be almo/  
noiseless4 ,y ?9k y're n cutt+ because y
 don't he> x grate1 b hold ! glass      
sideways to ! light & y w see ! silv]   
l9e q cont9u\s4  ,hav+ made y\r cut1    
take ! glass up2 hold x z 9 fig4 #aa1   
press d[nw>d ) ! ?umbs & upw>d ) ! f+]s1
 & ! glass w come ap>t4  ,illu/ration3  
,,fig4 #h4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #i4    
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aj1 ,a & ,b       

,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aa4  ,b y want to 
cut %ap$ pieces z well z /raight4 ,y _c 
break ^! directly ! cut is made1 b1     
hold+ ! glass z 9 fig4 #ab1 & press+ x  
firmly ) ! left ?umb1 j]k ! tool up by  
little1 %>p j]ks ( ! f+]s only1 s z to  
tap along ! und]side ( y\r cut4 ,y w see
 a little silv] l9e spr+ along ! cut1   
%[+ t ! glass is divid+2 & :5 t silv]   
l9e has sprung f end to end1 a g5tle    
pressure w br+ ! glass ap>t4            
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ab4  ,?is upw>d   
j]k mu/ be %>p & swift1 b mu/ be        
calculat$ s z only j to rea* ! glass1   
be+ *eck$ j at ! "r po9t1 z "o hamm]s a 
nail :5 "o does n want to /ir ! "w into 
:i* ! nail is driv54 ,a pu%+ /roke1 a   
bl[ t w\ld g mu* fur!r if ! glass 7 n   
!re1 is no use2 & = ?is reason nei!r !  
elb[ nor ! h& mu/ move2 ! knuckles are !
 h+e ^u :i* ! /roke revolves4           
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ac4  ,illu/ration3
 ,,fig4 #ad4  ,b y c only cut c]ta9     
%apes--= in/ance1 y _c cut a w$ge-%ap$  
gap out ( a piece ( glass 7fig4 #ac72   

h[ev] t5d]ly y h&le x1 x w split at po9t
 ,a4 ,! ne>e/ y c g to x is a curve2 & !
 deep] ! curve ! m difficult x is to get
 ! piece out4 ,9 fig4 #ad ,a is an      
av]age easy curve1 ,b a difficult "o1 ,c
 impossible1 except by grose+ or groze+ 
z cutt]s call x2 t is1 aft] ! cut is    
made1 sett+ to "w to pati5tly bite !    
piece out ) pli]s 7fig4 #ae74           
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ae4  ,n[1 fur!r1 y
 mu/ und]/& t y mu/ n cut r\nd all !    
sides ( a %ap$ piece ( glass at once2   
inde$1 y mu/ only cut "o side at a "t1 &
 draw y\r cut "r up to ! edge ( ! glass1
 & break away ! :ole piece :i* conta9s !
 side y are cutt+ be=e y g on to ano!r4 
,?us1 9 fig4 #af1 suppose ! %ad$ portion
 to be ! %ape t y wi% to cut out ( !    
piece ( glass1 ,a1 ,b1 ,c1 ,d4 ,y mu/   
lay y\r gauge anglewise d[n ^u ! piece4 
,d n try to get ! sides p>allel to !    
%apes ( y\r gauge1 = t makes x mu* m    
difficult2 angul> pieces break (f !     
easie/4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #af4  ,n[1
 !n1 cut ! mo/ difficult piece fir/4 ,t 

m>k$ #a4 ,p]haps y w n cut x q true2 b1 
if n1 !n %ift ! gauge slightly on to    
ano!r "p ( ! curve1 & v likely x may fit
 t bett] & s come true4  ,!n foll[ ) "o 
( ^? m>k$ #b or #c4 ,probably x w\ld be 
safe/ to cut ! l>g] & m difficult piece 
fir/1 & get bo? ! curv$ cuts "r by y\r  
gauge2 !n y c be q sure ( gett+ ! v easy
 small bit (f q truly1 to fit into its  
place ) bo? ( !m4 ,g on ) #d1 & !n ) "o 
( ^? m>k$ #e or #f4 ,probably x w\ld    
/ill be be/ to cut ! curv$ piece fir/1  
unless y ?9k t %ort5+ x by cutt+ (f !   
small corn]-piece fir/ w make ! curv$   
cut easi] by mak+ x %ort]4  ,9 any case 
y mu/ only cut "o side at a "t1 & break 
x away be=e y make ! cut = ano!r side4  
,take c>e t y d n g back 9 y\r cut4 ,y  
mu/ try & make x q cont9u\s onw>ds2 = if
 y g back 9 ! cut1 :]e y\r tool has     
already ?r[n up spl9t]s1 x w spoil y\r  
tool & spoil y\r cut also4  ,difficult  
curves1 t x is only j possible to get   
out by grose+1 ought nev] to be resort$ 
to1 except = "s v suffici5t reason4 ,a  

c>tooni/ :o kn[s ! craft w avoid sett+  
su* tasks to ! cutt]2 b1 un=tunately1 _m
 c>tooni/s d n "k ! craft4 ,if p 7      
taught ! complete craft z !y %\ld be1   
?is book w\ld n h be5 writt54  ,"h let  
me say t we _c possibly )9 ! n>r[ limits
 ( x g ?or\ghly into all ! v wide range 
( subjects connect$ ) glass--! *emi/ry1 
! p]man5ce1 ! purity ( mat]ials4 ,) !   
exception ( ! practice ( ! craft1       
probably we %all n be able to g ?or\ghly
 into any "o ( !m2 b ,i %all endeav\r to
 m5tion !m all1 & to d s suffici5tly to 
indicate ! directions 9 :i* "w & rese>* 
& exp]im5t may be made1 = !y are all    
?ree mu* ne$$ 9 sev]al directions4  ,x  
becomes1 = in/ance1 n[ my task1 9       
modify+ ! passage "s pages back z ,i    
promis$1 to g into "o ( ^! subjects 9 ! 
light ( inquiries made s9ce ! passage 9 
"q 0 writt52 & ,i let x = ! "t be+ /& j 
z x 01 )\t ! additional in=mation1      
because x gives a picture ( h[ su* ?+s  
crop up & ( ! way 9 :i* su*             
inve/igations may be made1 & ( h[ useful

 & pleasant !y may be4  ,"h !n let u h--
   ,a ,,little ,,diss]tation ,,^u       
,,cutt+4  ,?r\gh ! ag5t = ! :eel-cutt] 9
 ,engl& ,i communicat$ ) ! mak] &       
inv5tor 9 ,am]ica1 & told him ( our     
difficulties & p]plexities ov] "h1 &    
*iefly ) reg>d to two po9ts4 ,fir/1 !   
awkw>dness ( ! h&le1 :i* causes !       
glazi]s "h to use ! tool b\nd r\nd )    
wadd+1 or enclos$ 9 a bit ( india-rubb] 
pipe2 &1 secondly1 ! bluntness ( ! jaws 
:i* hold ! :eel1 & :i* mu/ be gr\nd d[n 
7& are 9 univ]sal practice gr\nd d[n71  
be=e ! tool c be %>p5$4  ,8 reply call$ 
att5tion to a numb] ( diff]5t patt]ns ( 
h&le1 ! exi/5ce ( :i*1 ,i ?9k1 is n     
g5]ally kn[n1 9 ,engl& at any rate1 & "s
 ( :i* seem to m or less meet !         
difficulties we exp]i5ce1 mo/ ( !m also 
be+ made ) malleable iron h&les1 s t    
fre% cutt+-:eels c be ins]t$ 9 ! same   
h&le4 ,8 lett] also ent]$ into ! "q ( ! 
actual dynamics ( cutt+1 ma9ta9+1 ,i ?9k
 rightly1 t a cut is made by ! edge ( ! 
:eel 7?is n be+ v %>p7 =c+ ! p>ticles ( 

! glass d[n into ! mass ( x by pressure4
  ,) reg>d to ! old-fa%ion$ patt]n (    
tool :i* we *iefly use 9 ?is c\ntry1 ! v
 suffici5t explanation is t !y cont9ue  
to make x because we cont9ue to dem& x1 
a circum/ance :i*1 z he decl>es1 is a   
my/]y to ! inv5tor himself6 ,nev]!less1 
z we d s1 &1 9 spite ( ! v>iety ( new]  
tools on ! m>ket1 /ill g on gr9d+ d[n ! 
jaws ( our fav\rite1 & wrapp+ r\nd !    
h&le ) cotton-wool1 let u try & put ?is 
matt] /raight1 & comp>e our requirem5ts 
) ! advantages (f]$ u4  ,!re are ?ree   
*ief po9ts to be cle>$ up4 7#a7 ,!      
actual nature ( a cut 9 glass2 7#b7 ! "q
 ( %>p5+ ! tool & gr9d+ d[n ( ! jaws to 
d s2 & 7#c7 ! my/]y ( our pref]5ce = a  
p>ticul> tool1 al?\gh we all confess its
 awkw>dness by ! means we take to modify
 x4  7#a7 ,) reg>d1 !n1 to ! nature ( a 
cut 9 glass ,i am dispos$ entirely to   
agree ) ! !ory put =w>d by ! inv5tor ( !
 :eel1 :i* an exam9ation ( ! cuts "u !  
microscope1 or ev5 a #f diamet] l5s1    
c]ta9ly also t5ds to confirm4  ,:at     

happ5s appe>s to my non-sci5tific eyes  
to be ?is4  ,glass is "o ( ! mo/ fissile
 or splittable ( all mat]ials2 b x is s 
j 9 ! same way t ice is1 & j 9 !        
opposite way to t 9 :i* slate or talc   
is4  ,slate or talc splits easily into  
?9 lay]s or lam9ae1 because x already   
lies 9 su* lay]s1 & ^! w come ap>t :5 ! 
=ce is appli$ betwe5 !m3 b x w only     
split into ! lam9ae ( :i* x already is  
compos$1 & along ! l9e ( ! fissures :i* 
already exi/ betwe5 !m4  ,glass1 on !   
contr>y 7& ! same is true ( ice1 or = t 
matt] ( currant-jelly & su* l ?+s71     
appe>s to be a sub/ance :i* is ! same 9 
all directions1 or ne>ly s1 & !re=e z   
liable to split 9 "o direction z 9      
ano!r1 & is s loosely held toge!r t1    
once a splitt+ =ce is appli$1 ! crack   
spreads v rapidly & easily1 & !re=e     
smoo?ly & 9 /raight l9es & 9 ev5 planes4
  ,! diamond1 or ! :eel-cutt]1 is su* a 
=ce4 ,be+ press$ on to ! surface1 x =ces
 d[n ! p>ticles1 & ^! />t a s]ies (     
small v]tical splits1 sometimes ne>ly   

?r\gh ! :ole ?ickness ( ! glass1 ?\gh   
invisibly s until ! glass is sep>at$4 ,&
 m>k1 t x is ! />t+ ( ! splits t is !   
important ?+2 !re is no object 9 mak+ !m
 deep1 x is only wa/$ =ce2 !y w cont9ue 
to split ( !mselves if enc\rag$ 9 !     
prop] way 7see ,plates ,,ix4 & ,x474    
,try ?is z foll[s4  ,take a bit ( glass1
 say #c in*es by #b1 & make ! v smalle/ 
d9t y c 9 x1 9 ! middle ( ! n>r[e/      
dim5sion4 ,y _c make "o s small t !     
glass w hold toge!r if y try to break x 
across4 ,x w break across 9 a /raight   
l9e1 spr++ f ea* end ( ! t9y cut4 ,! cut
 may be only #a_/h ( an in* long2       
less--x may be only #a_/af1 #a_/cb--;z  
small z y w1 ! glass w break across j ! 
same4  ,:y8  ,because ! cut has />t$ x  
splitt+ at ea* end2 & ! mat]ial be+ !   
same all ?r\gh1 ! split w g /raight on 9
 ! direction 9 :i* x has />t$2 !re is   
no?+ to turn x aside4  ,s also !        
pressure ( ! :eel />ts a cont9u\s split1
 or s]ies ( splits1 d[nw>ds1 into !     
?ickness ( ! glass4 ,no matt] h[ small a

 di/ance ^! g 91 ! glass w come asund]  
directly pressure is appli$4  ,n[1 if y 
press too h>d 9 cutt+1 ano!r ?+ takes   
place4  ,imag9e a quantity ( ro(+-slates
 pil$ flat "o on top ( ano!r1 all !     
piles be+ ( equal height & arrang$ 9 two
 r[s1 side by side1 s close t ! edges ( 
! slates 9 "o r[ t\* ! edges ( ^? 9 !   
o!r r[1 along a c5tral l9e4  ,:eel a    
:eelb>r[ along t l9e ov] ! edges ( bo?4 
,:at w\ld happ58  ,! top lay] ( slates  
w\ld all come cock+ _! out] edges up z !
 b>r[ pass$ ov] _! inn] ones1 w\ld !y n8
  ,n[1 j s1 if y press h>d on y\r       
glass-cutt+ :eel1 x w press d[n ! edges 
( ! groove1 & ?\gh !re are no lay]s     
already made 9 ! glass1 ! pressure w    
split (f a ?9 lay] f ! top surface ( !  
glass on ea* side 9 flakes z x goes     
along 7,plate ,x41 ,d1 ,e74  ,?is is :at
 gives ! noise ( ! cut1 c-r-r-r-r-r-2 & 
z ! ?+ is no use ! noise is no use2 l a 
good _m o!r ?+s 9 life1 ! less noise !  
bett] "w1 mu* cry g5]ally mean+ little  
wool1 z ! man f\nd out :o %av$ ! pig4   

,b ! :eel or ! diamond is n q ! same z !
 :eel ( ! :eelb>r[1 = x has a w$ge-%ap$ 
edge4 ,imag9e a b>r[ ) su* a :eel2 :at  
!n w\ld happ5 to y\r slates8 besides be+
 cock$ up by ! :eel1 !y w\ld also be    
pu%$ out1 surely8  ,?is happ5s 9 glass4 
,y mu/ n imag9e t glass is a rigid ?+2 x
 is v ela/ic1 & ! w$ge-l pressure ( !   
:eel pu%es x out j z ! keel ( a boat    
pu%es ! wat] aside 9 ripples 7,plate    
,x41 ,d1 ,e74  ,all ^! obs]vations seem 
to me to be> out ! !ory ( ! inv5tor1 &  
p]haps to "s ext5t to expla9 x4 ,i am   
mu* tempt$ to c>ry !m fur!r1 & ask !    
que/ions1 :y a p5knife z well z a :eel w
 n make a cut 9 glass1 b w make a       
p]fectly def9ite scrat* on x if ! glass 
is plac$ "u wat]8 & :y ?is l9e s made w 
yet n s]ve = sep>at+ ! glass8 & :y a    
piece ( glass c be cut 9 two 7r\ghly1 to
 be sure1 b /ill cut 9 two7 ) a pair (  
scissors "u wat]1 a ?+ o!rwise q        
impossible8  ,b ,i d n ?9k t ! k ( ^!   
que/ions w help ! read] to d bett]      
/a9$-glass w9d[s1 & !re=e ,i w n pursue 

!m4  7#b7 ,! "q ( %>p5+ ! tool is soon  
dispos$ (4  ,if ! tool is to be %>p5$1 !
 jaws mu/ be gr\nd d[n1 :e!r ! mak]     
gr9ds !m d[n orig9ally or :e!r we d x4  
,is %>p5+ wor? :ile1 s9ce ! tool only   
co/s a few p5ce8  ,well1 x's a "q ea*   
mu/ decide = himself2 b ,i w j answ] two
 small difficulties :i* affect ! matt]4 
,if gr9d+ ! jaws loos5s ! pivot1 x c be 
hamm]$ tight aga9 ) a pun*4 ,if %>p5+   
we>s out ! oil-/one 7z x und\bt$ly does1
 & oil-/ones are exp5sive ?+s71 a piece 
( f9e poli%$ ,we/morel& slate w d z     
well1 & !re is no ne$ to be *>y ( x4    
,ev5 a piece ( gr\nd-glass ) oil w d4   
7#c7 ,b n[ z to ! h&le4 ,i am fir/ to   
expla9 ! amus+ my/]y :y ! old patt]n %[n
 9 fig4 #a /ill sells4  ,x is because ! 
,briti% work+-man is conv9c$ t ! :eels 9
 ?is h&le are bett] quality ?an any     
o!rs4  ,is he "r1 or is x only an       
in/ance ( 8 love = & fai? 9 ! ?+ he has 
got us$ to8  ,or c x be t all workm5 d n
 "k ( ! exi/5ce ( ! o!r types ( h&le8 ,9
 case ?is is s1 ,i figure "s 7fig4 #ag74

 ,or is x t ! :eel = "s reason runs less
 truly 9 ! malleable iron ?an 9 ! ca/   
iron8  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ag4  ,c]ta9
 x is t ! :ole trade "h pref]s ^! :eels1
 & ,i am b\nd to say t z f> z my        
exp]i5ce goes !y seem to me to "w bett] 
?an ^? 9 o!r h&les4  ,b z to all ! h&les
 !mselves1 ,i mu/ n[ voice our g5]al    
compla9t4  7#a7 ,!y are too light4  ,=  
tapp+ our heavy antique & slab-glasses  
we wi% we _h a heavi] tool4  7#b7 ,!y   
are too ?9 9 ! h&le = com=t1 at lea/ x  
seems s to me4  7#c7 ,! ?ree ga%es cut  
out ( ! head ( ! tool decrease ! weight1
 & if ^! 7 omitt$ ! tool w\ld ga94 ,_!  
only use t ,i c conceive ( is t ( a v   
poor sub/itute = pli]s z a grose+ tool1 
if "o has =gott5 "o's pli]s4 ,b 7z      
,s]jeant ,buzfuz might say7 :o does =get
 8 pli]s8  ,! :ole "q ( ! h&le is       
complicat$ by ! fact t "s cutt]s re/ !  
tool on ! =ef+] & "s on ! middle f+] 9  
tapp+1 & t a h&le ! sections ( :i* are  
calculat$ = ! "o w n d equally well = ! 
o!r4  ,b ! :ole ?+ resolves itself into 

?is1 t if we c\ld get a tool1 ! h&le (  
:i* correspond$ 9 all its curves1       
dim5sions1 & sections ) ! old-e/abli%$  
diamond1 ,i ?9k we %\ld all be glad2 &  
if ! head1 :eel1 & pivot 7 all made ( ! 
quality & mat]ial ( :i* fig4 #a is n[   
made1 b ) ! h&le z ,i describe1 _m ( u1 
,i ?9k1 w\ld be /ill m glad2 & if ^!    
rem>ks lead 9 any degree to su* results1
 !y at lea/ ( all ! book w h be5 wor? ! 
writ+1 & w probably be its be/ claim to 
a :ite /one 9 ,israel1 z remov+ "o m    
solecism f ?is s-call$ tw5tie? c5tury4  
,i %all n[ leave ?is subject ( cutt+ = !
 pres5t1 & describe1 up to ab\t ! same  
po9t1 ! processes ( pa9t+1 tak+ bo? on  
to a high] /age lat]--z if1 9 fact1 ,i 7
 tea*+ a pupil2 = z soon z y c cut glass
 well en\gh to cut a piece to pa9t on1 y
 %\ld le>n to pa9t on x1 & c>ry ! two   
?+s on /ep by /ep1 side by side4        
,,*apt] ,,iii       ,pa9t+              
7elem5t>y7--,pigm5ts--,mix+--,h[ to     
,fill !                                 
,bru%--,outl9e--,examples--,indu/ry--,! 

,ne$le &      ,/ick--,complet+ !        
,outl9e4   ,! pigm5ts = pa9t+ on glass  
are p[d]s1 be+ ! oxides ( v>i\s m9]als1 
*iefly iron4 ,!re are o!rs2 b take x    
?us--t ! iron oxide is a r$ pigm5t1 & ! 
o!rs are introduc$1 ma9ly1 to modify    
?is4 ,! r$ pigm5t is ! be/ to use1 &    
goes (f less 9 ! fir+2 b1 alas6 x is a  
dete/ably ugly col\r1 l r$ lead2 &1 d   
:at y w1 y _c use x on :ite glass4      
,aga9/ cle> sky x looks pretty well 9 "s
 lights1 b get x 9 a sidelight1 or at an
 angle1 & ! :ole w9d[ looks l r$ brick2 
:ile1 se5 aga9/ any backgr\nd except    
cle> sky1 x always looks s f all po9ts (
 view4 ,!re are v>i\s mak]s ( ^!        
pigm5ts4 ,"s glass-pa9t]s make _! own1 &
 a beg9n] ) any k ( *emi/ry w\ld be wise
 to "w 9 t direction4  ,i ne$ n discuss 
! v>i\s k9ds ( pigm5t2 :at foll[s is a  
description ( my own practice 9 ! matt]4
  ,to ,mix ! ,pigm5t = ,pa9t+4--,take a 
teaspoonful ( r$ trac+-col\r1 & a r     
small] spoonful ( int5se black1 put !m  
on a slab ( ?ick gr\nd-glass ab\t #i    

in*es squ>e1 & drop clean wat] ^u !m    
till y c "w !m up into a pa/e ) !       
palette-knife 7fig4 #ah72 "w !m up = a  
m9ute or s1 till ! pa/e is smoo? & !    
lumps brok5 up1 & !n add ab\t ?ree drops
 ( /rong gum made f ! pure/ :ite        
gum-arabic dissolv$ 9 cold wat]4 ,any   
good *emi/ w sell ?is1 b its purity is a
 matt] ( great importance1 = y want !   
maximum ( adhesiv5ess ) ! m9imum ( !    
mat]ial4  ,mix ! col\r well up ) !      
knife2 !n take "o ( ^? long-hair$ sable 
bru%es1 :i* are call$ rigg]s 7fig4 #ai71
 & :i* all arti/s'-col\rm5 sell1 & fill 
x ) ! col\r1 dilut+ x ) en\gh wat] to   
make x q ?94 ,d n dilute all ! pigm5t2  
keep mo/ ( x 9 a tidy lump1 m]ely moi/1 
z y gr\nd x & n fur!r wett$1 at ! corn] 
( y\r slab2 b always keep a portion     
dilut$ 9 a small pond 9 ! middle ( y\r  
palette4  ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #ah4  ,h[ 
to ,fill ! ,bru% ) ,pigm5t4--,n[ y mu/  
note t ?is is a heavy p[d] float+ free 9
 wat]1 !re=e x quickly s9ks to ! bottom 
( y\r little pond4 ,ea* "t y fill y\r   

bru% y mu/ /ir up ! mud1 = ! mud is :at 
y want to get 9 y\r bru%1 & n only s1 b 
y want to get y\r bru% ev5ly full ( x f 
tip to base1 !re=e y mu/ splay out !    
hairs flat aga9/ ! glass1 till all are  
wet1 & !n 9 tak+ x (f ! palette1 twiddle
 x to a po9t quickly4 ,?is takes long to
 describe1 b x does n take a c\ple (    
seconds to d4 ,y mu/ h ! pati5ce to sp5d
 s mu* pa9s on x1 & ev5 to fill ! bru% v
 (t51 ne>ly = ea* t\*2 !n y w get a     
cle>1 smoo?1 manageable /roke = y\r     
outl9e1 & save "t 9 ! end4              
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ai4  ,h[ to ,pa9t 
9 ,outl9e4--,make "s /rokes 7fig4 #bj7  
on a piece ( glass & let !m dry2 "s p l 
!m to /ick v tight to ! glass1 "s s t a 
t\* ( ! f+] removes !m2 y mu/ f9d :i*   
suits y by-&-by1 & v>y ! am\nt ( gum    
accord+ly2 b to beg91 ,i w\ld advise t  
!y %\ld be j removable by a mod]ately   
h>d rub ) ! f+]1 r less h>d a rub ?an y 
close a gumm$ envelope )4  ,practise n[ 
= a "t ! mak+ ( /rokes1 l>ge & small1   
d>k & light1 broad & f9e2 & :5 y h got  

comm& ( y\r tools1 set y\rself ! task ( 
do+ ! same ?+1 copy+ an example plac$   
und]nea? y\r bit ( glass4 ,y w f9d a    
h&-re/ 7fig4 #ba7 an assi/ance 9 ?is4   
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bj4  ,x is        
difficult to give any li/ ( examples    
suitable = ?is /age ( glass1 b ! k9d (  
l9e employ$ on ! be/ h]aldry is always  
good = ! purpose4 ,! spl5did            
illu/rations ( ?is 9 ,mr4 ,/4           
,john-,hope's book ( ! /all-plates ( !  
,knights ( ! ,g>t] at ,w9dsor1 examples 
( :i* by ! au?or's c\rtesy ,i am all[$  
to reproduce 7figs4 #bb-bb;,a71 are     
ideal = bold outl9e-"w1 & fasc9at+ly    
int]e/+ = _! own sake4 ,9 mo/ ( ^! !re  
is n only excell5t practice 9 outl9e1 & 
a great deal ( x1 b1 mix$ ) x1 practice 
also 9 flat wa%es1 :i* x is a good ?+ to
 be le>n+ side by side ) ! o!r4         
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ba4  ,& "h let me 
note t !re are ?r\gh\t ! practice (     
glass-pa9t+ _m me?ods 9 use at e /age4  
,ea* p]son1 ea* firm ( glass-/a9]s1 has 
8 own me?ods & traditions4 ,i %all n    

tr\ble to notice all ^! z we come to !m1
 b describe :at seems to me to be ! be/ 
practice 9 ea* case2 b ,i %all "h & !re 
give a ^w ab\t o!rs4  ,= in/ance3 if y  
use sug> or treacle in/ead ( gum1 y get 
a r smoo!r-work+ pigm5t1 & aft] x is dry
 y c moi/5 x z (t5 z y w = fur!r "w by  
m]ely brea?+ on ! surface2 & p]haps if  
y\r aim is outl9e only1 x may be well to
 try x2 b if y wi% to pass %ad+-col\r   
ov] x y mu/ use gum1 = y _c d s ov]     
treacle col\r2 nor d ,i ?9k treacle     
s]ves s well = ! next process ,i am to  
describe1 :i* "h foll[s4  ,illu/ration3 
,,fig4 #bb4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4       
#bb;,a4   ,h[ to complete ! ,outl9e     
bett] ?an y possibly c by ,"o           
,trac+4--,:5 y take up a bit ( glass f !
 table1 aft] hav+ done all y c to make a
 correct trac+1 y w be disappo9t$ ) !   
result4 ,x w h look$ pretty well on !   
table ) ! copy %[+ beh9d x & hid+ its   
defects1 b x is a diff]5t ?+ :5 held up 
to ! se>*+ daylight4 ,?is mu/ n1 h[ev]1 
disc\rage y4 ,no "o1 n ! mo/ skilful1   

c\ld expect to make a p]fect copy ( an  
orig9al 7if t orig9al _h any f95ess (   
l9e or s5sitiv5ess ( t\* ab\t x7 by     
m]ely trac+ x d[nw>ds on ! b5*4 ,y mu/  
put x upright aga9/ ! daylight1 & m5d   
y\r draw+1 freeh&1 fai?fully by ! copy4 
,^! rem>ks d n1 9 a great degree1 apply 
to ! case ( h>d outl9es specially prep>$
 = lit]al translation4 ,i am speak+ ( ^?
 :]e ! outl9e is1 9 ! arti/ic s5se1     
s5sitive & ref9$1 z 9 a ,botticelli     
pa9t+ or a ,holbe9 draw+1 & to copy ^!  
well y want an easel4  ,= ?is small "w  
any k9d ( frame ) a %eet ( glass 9 x1 & 
a l$ge to re/ y\r bit ( glass on & a leg
 to /& out beh9d1 w d1 & by all means   
get x made 7fig4 #bc72 b d n sp5d too   
mu* on x1 = lat] on y w want a bigg] & m
 complicat$ ?+1 :i* w be describ$ 9 its 
prop] place--t is to say1 :5 we come to 
x2 & we %all come to x :5 we come to    
deal ) "w made up ( a numb] ( pieces (  
glass1 z all w9d[s mu/ be4              
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bc4  ,?is t y h   
n[1 n be+ a w9d[ b a bit ( glass to     

practise on1 :at ,i h describ$ above w d
 = x4  ,a note to be always indu/ri\s & 
to "w ) all y\r might4--,i advise y to  
put ?is "w on an easel2 b ?is is n ! way
 su* "w is usually done2--:]e ! "w is   
done z a task 7alas1 t x c\ld ev] be s67
 x is held li/lessly 9 ! left h& :ile   
t\*$ ) ! "r2 b no arti/ c af=d to be at 
?is disadvantage1 or at any             
disadvantage4  ,fancy a surgeon hav+ to 
hold ! limb ) "o h& :ile he uses !      
lancet ) ! o!r1 or an a/ronom]1 :ile he 
makes 8 measurem5t1 bungl+ly mov+ 8     
telescope by h& :ile he pursues 8 />1   
in/ead ( hav+ x driv5 by ! clock6  ,y _c
 af=d to be less ke5 or less 9 e>ne/1 & 
y want bo? h&s free--ay6 m ?an ?is--y\r 
:ole body free3 y mu/ n be lazy & sit   
glu$ to y\r /ool2 y mu/ get up & walk   
backw>ds & =w>ds to look at y\r "w4 ,d y
 ?9k art is s easy t y c af=d to saunt] 
ov] x8  ,d1 ,i beg y1 de> read]1 pay    
att5tion to ^! words2 = x is true 7?\gh 
/range7 t ! h>de/ ?+ ,i h f\nd 9 tea*+  
has be5 to get ! pupil to take ! mo/    

reasonable c>e n to hamp] & h&icap      
himself by omitt+ to h 8 "w com=tably & 
conv5i5tly plac$ & 8 tools & mat]ials 9 
good ord]4 ,y %all f9d a man go+ on     
pa9t+ all day1 work+ 9 a mess+1 muddl+  
way--wa/+ "t & money--because 8 pigm5t  
has n be5 cov]$ up :5 he left (f "w     
ye/]day1 & has got du/y & full ( hairs2 
ano!r w wa/e h\r aft] h\r1 crick+ 8 neck
 & squ9t+ at 8 "w f a corn]1 :5 ?irty   
seconds & a little wit w\ld move 8 "w   
:]e he w\ld get a good light & be       
com=table2 or he w "w ) bad tools &     
grumble1 :5 five m9utes w\ld m5d 8 tools
 & make him happy4  ,an arti/'s "w--any 
arti/'s1 b especially a                 
glass-pa9t]'s--%\ld be j z f9i%$1       
precise1 clean1 & al]t z a surgeon's or 
a d5ti/'s4 ,h y n 9 ! case ( ^! 7:5 !   
affair has n be5 too s]i\s7 admir$ ! way
 9 :i* ! cool1 :ite h&s move ab\t1 !    
precision ) :i* ! f+]-tips take up ?is  
or t1 & :5 tak5 up use x j s1 nei!r m   
nor less3 ! spotlessness & ord] & p]fect
 f9i% ( e tool & mat]ial1 f ^? fe>some  

?+s :i* 7?\gh y pref] n to dwell on _!  
uses7 y _c help admir+1 d[n to ! sn[y   
cotton-wool da9tily pok$ ready ?r\gh !  
holes 9 a little silv] beehive8 ,j su*  
skill1 h&l+1 & precision1 & j su*       
p]fection ( in/rum5ts1 ,i urge z prop]  
to pa9t+4  ,:at ,tools are want$ to     
complete ! ,outl9e4--,i w n[ describe ^?
 tools :i* y want at ?is /age1 t is1 to 
m5d y\r outl9e )4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 
#bd4  ,y want ! bru% :i* y us$ 9 ! fir/ 
in/ance to pa9t x )1 & t has already be5
 describ$2 b y also want po9ts ( v>i\s  
f95ess to et* x away ) :]e x is too     
?ick2 ^! are ! ne$le & ! /ick 7fig4     
#bd72 any ne$le set 9 a h&le w d1 b if y
 want x = f9e "w1 take c>e t x be %>p4  
,h[ fooli%1 y say2 z if y ne$ tell u t4 
,on ! contr>y1--n9e p out ( t5 ne$      
tell+1 because !y g ^u ! assumption t a 
ne$le mu/ be %>p1 z %>p z a ne$le1 & _c 
ne$ %>p5+1--& !y w g on = #cfe days 9 a 
ye> wond]+ :y a ne$le 7:i* mu/ be %>p7  
%\ld take out s mu* co>s] a light ?an !y
 want4  ,n[ z to /icks2 if y make a po9t

 ( s(t wood x la/s = ?ree or f\r t\*es &
 !n gets furr$ at ! po9t1 & if ( v h>d  
wood x slips on ! glass4 ,bamboo is     
good2 b ! be/ ( all--t is to say = broad
 /ick-lights--is an old1 sable oil-col\r
 bru%1 clogg$ ) oil & v>ni% till x is z 
h>d z horn & !n cut to a po9t2 ?is cl+s 
a little z x goes ov] ! glass1 & is mo/ 
com=table to use4  ,i h no d\bt t o!r   
mat]ials may be equally good1 celluloid 
or horn1 = example2 ! /ud5t mu/ use 8   
own +5uity on su* a simple matt]4  ,h[  
to ,complete ! ,outl9e4--,) ! tools     
above describ$ complete ! outl9e--by    
add+ col\r ) ! bru% :]e ! l9es are too  
f9e1 & by tak+ x away ) ne$le or /ick   
:]e !y are too co>se2 make x by ^! means
 exactly l ! copy1 & ?is is all y ne$ d4
 ,b z an example ( ! degree (           
correctness atta9able 7& !re=e to be    
dem&$7 are "h ins]t$ two illu/rations   
7figs4 #be & #bf71 "o ( ! example us$1 &
 ! o!r ( a copy made f x by a "y        
appr5tice4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #be4   
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bf4     ,,*apt]   

,,iv       ,matt+--,badg]+--,h[ to      
pres]ve ,correctness (                  
,outl9e--,difficulty ( ,l>ge            
,"w--,ill-gr\nd ,pigm5t--,!             
,mull]--,ov]gr\nd ,pigm5t--,tak+ out    
,lights--,scrubs--,! ,ne$      ( a      
,ma/]4   ,take y\r camel hair matt+-bru%
 7fig4 #bg or #bh72 fill x ) ! pigm5t1  
try x on ! slab ( ! easel till x seems j
 s full t ! wa% y put on w n run d[n    
till y h pl5ty ( "t to bru% x flat ) !  
badg] 7fig4 #bi74  ,h y\r badg] ready at
 h& & v clean1 = if !re is any pigm5t on
 x f =m] us+1 t w spoil ! v delicate    
op]ation y are n[ to p]=m4  ,n[ rapidly1
 b ) a v light h&1 lay an ev5 wa% ov] ! 
:ole piece ( glass on :i* ! outl9e is   
pa9t$2 use v]tical /rokes1 & try to get 
! t\*es to j meet ea* o!r )\t ov]lapp+2 
b !re is a v important ?+ to obs]ve 9   
hold+ ! bru%4 ,if y hold x s 7fig4 #cj7 
y _c prop]ly regulate ! pressure1 & also
 ! pigm5t runs away d[nw>ds1 & ! bru%   
gets dry at ! po9t2 y mu/ hold x s 7fig4
 #ca71 !n ! curve ( ! hair makes ! bru% 

g lightly ov] ! surface1 :ile also1 !   
body ( ! bru% be+ po9t$ d[nw>ds1 ! po9t 
y are us+ is always be+ refill$4        
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bg4  ,illu/ration3
 ,,fig4 #bh4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bi4 
,x takes a v skilful workman inde$ to   
put ! /rokes s ev5ly side by side t !   
result looks flat & n /ripy2 inde$ y c  
h>dly hope to d s1 b y c get rid ( :at  
/ripes !re are by tak+ y\r badg] & /abb+
 ! surface ( ! pa9t+ ) x v rapidly1 mov+
 x f side to side s z nev] to /ab twice 
9 ! same spot2 ?is by degrees makes !   
col\r ev51 by tak+ a little (f ! d>k "p 
& putt+ x on ! light2 b ! result w look 
mottl$1 n flat & smoo?4 ,sometimes ?is  
may be agreeable1 x dep5ds on :at y are 
pa9t+2 b if y wi% x to be smoo?1 j give 
a la/ /roke or two ov] ! :ole glass     
sideways1 t is to say1 hold+ ! badg] s t
 x /&s q p]p5dicul> to ! glass1 move x1 
always /ill p]p5dicul>1 across ! :ole   
surface4 ,y mu/ n sway x f side to side1
 or kick x up at ! end ( ea* /roke l a  
man :ite-wa%+2 x mu/ move along s t !   

po9ts ( ! hairs are all j lightly t\*+ !
 glass all ! "t4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4  
#cj4  ,h[ to ,ensure ! ,draw+ ( a ,face 
be+ kept ,correct :ile ,pa9t+4--,if y   
adopt ! plan ( do+ ! fir/ pa9t+ ov] an  
unfir$ outl9e1 y mu/ be v c>eful t !    
outl9e is n bru%$ out ( draw+ 9 !       
process4 ,if y h suffici5t skill x ne$ n
 be s1 = x is q possible--if all !      
conditions z to adhesiv5ess are "r--& if
 y are light-h&$ en\gh--to s lay & badg]
 ! matt t ! outl9e b5ea? %all only be   
g5tly s(t5$1 & n blurr$ or mov$ f its   
place4 ,b 9 any case ! be/ plan is at ! 
same "t t y trace ! outl9e ( a head on  
to ! glass to trace x also ) equal c>e  
on to a piece ( trac+ pap]1 & arrange   
?ree or f\r well-m>k$ po9ts1 su* z !    
corn] ( ! m\?1 ! pupil ( ! eye1 & "s    
po9t on ! back ( ! head or neck1 s t ^! 
_c possibly %ift1 & t y may be able at  
any "t to get ! trac+ back into its     
prop] place1 bo? on ! c>toon & on !     
piece ( glass on :i* y are to pa9t !    
head4 ,on :i* piece ( glass also y\r    

fir/ c>e %\ld be t ^! ?ree or f\r po9ts 
%\ld be cle>ly m>k$ & unmovable2 !n dur+
 ! :ole progress ( ! pa9t+ y w always be
 able to v]ify ! correctness ( ! draw+  
by plac+ y\r piece ( trac+ pap] ov] !   
glass1 & s see+ t no?+ has %ift$ its    
place4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ca4  ,x   
requires a good deal ( pati5ce &        
practice to lay matt successfully ov]   
unfir$ outl9e4 ,x is a "q ( ! am\nt &   
quality ( ! gum1 ! condition ( y\r bru%1
 ev5 ! dryness or dampness ( ! air4 ,y  
mu/ try :at degree ( gum suits y be/1   
bo? 9 ! outl9e & 9 ! matt :i* y are to  
pass ov] x4 ,try x a good _m times on a 
slab ( pla9 glass or on ! plate ( y\r   
easel fir/1 be=e y try on y\r pa9t+4 ,( 
c\rse x's a mu* easi] ?+ to matt        
successfully ov] a small piece ?an ov] a
 l>ge4 ,a head z big z ! palm ( y\r h&  
is n a v sev]e te/ ( y\r p[]s2 b 9 "o z 
l>ge z ! :ole ( y\r h&1 say a head sev5 
in*es f cr[n to *91 ! problem is        
increas$ q immeasurably 9 difficulty4 ,!
 real te/ is be+ able to produce 9 glass

 a real facsimile ( a head by           
,botticelli or ,holbe91 & :5 y c d t    
satisfactorily y c d any?+ 9            
glass-pa9t+4  ,d n aim to get too mu* 9 
! fir/ pa9t+1 at any rate n till y h _h 
long practice4 ,be cont5t if y get en\gh
 modell+ on a head to turn ! outl9e into
 a m s5sitive & arti/ic draw+ ?an x c\ld
 be if plant$ d[n1 raw & h>d1 ^u ! b>e1 
cold glass4 ,aft] all x is a common     
practice to fire ! outl9e sep>ately1 &  
any?+ beyond ?is t y get ^u ! glass =   
fir/ fire is s mu* to ! good4  ,b       
besides ! quality ( ! gum y w f9d       
sometimes diff]5ces 9 ! quality or      
condition ( ! pigm5t4 ,x may be         
insuffici5tly gr\nd2 9 :i* case ! matt1 
9 pass+ ov]1 w rasp away e ve/ige ( !   
outl9e1 s delicate a matt] x is4  ,y c  
tell :5 col\r is n gr\nd suffici5tly by 
! way x acts :5 laid z a v]tical wa%4   
,lay a wa%1 moi/ en\gh to run1 on a bit 
( y\r easel-slab2 x w run d[n1 mak+ a   
sort ( seawe$-look+ patt]n--cle> lanes (
 light on ! glass ) a black gra9 at !   

l[] end4 ,^? are ! bits ( ungr\nd       
mat]ial3 "u a #ajj-;diamet] microscope  
!y look l *unks ( iron/one or road      
metal1 or ( ru/y iron1 & y'll soon      
und]/& :y !y h scrat*$ away y\r t5d]    
outl9e4  ,y mu/ gr9d su* col\r till x is
 smoo?1 & an old-fa%ion$ granite mull]  
is ! ?+1 n a glass "o4  ,n[1 aft] all   
?is1 h[ am ,i to excuse ! p>adox t x is 
possible to h ! col\r gr\nd too f9e6    
,all "o c say is t y f9d x s4 ,x c be s 
f9e t x seems to slip ab\t 9 a ?91 oily 
k9d ( way4  ,x's all z y f9d x2 !       
diff]5ces ( a craft are endless2 !re is 
no =eca/+ ( ev]y?+1 & y mu/ buy y\r     
exp]i5ce1 l ev]ybody else1 & f9d :at    
suits y1 le>n+ y\r skill & y\r mat]ials 
side by side4  ,n[ ^! are ! *ief        
processes ( pa9t+1 z f> z lay+ on col\r 
goes2 b y /ill h mu* ( y\r "w be=e y1 = 
! way 9 :i* light & %ade is got on glass
 is almo/ m 9 tak+ (f ?an 9 putt+ on4 ,y
 h laid y\r d>k matt all ov] ! glass    
ev5ly2 n[ ! next ?+ is to remove x :]ev]
 y want light or half-tone4             

,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cb4  ,h[ to ,f9i% 
a ,%ad$ ,pa9t+ out ( ! ,ev5 ,matt4--,?is
 is done 9 _m ways1 b *iefly ) ^? tools 
:i* pa9t]s call scrubs1 :i* are         
oil-col\r hog-hair bru%es1 ei!r worn d[n
 by use1 or rubb$ d[n on f9e s&pap] till
 !y are z /iff z y l !m to be4 ,y want  
!m diff]5t 9 ?is3 "s h>d]1 "s s(t]2 "s  
r\nd1 "s squ>e1 & ( v>i\s sizes 7figs4  
#cb & #cc71 & ) ^! y bru% ! matt away   
g5tly & by degrees1 & s make a light &  
%ade draw+ ( x4 ,x is exactly l !       
process ( mezzot9t1 :]e1 aft] a surface 
l t ( a file has be5 labori\sly produc$ 
ov] ! :ole copp]-plate1 ! engrav]       
removes x 9 v>i\s degrees1 leav+ !      
orig9al to /& entirely only = ! d>ke/ ( 
all %ad[s1 & remov+ x all entirely only 
9 ! highe/ lights4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4
 #cc4  ,!re is no?+ = ?is b practice2   
!re is no?+ m to tell ab\t x2 z !       
conjur]s say1 ,t's h[ x's done4 ,y w f9d
 difficulties1 & z ^! occur y w ?9k ?is 
a mo/ defective book4 ,:y on e>?1 y w   
say1 didn't he tell u ab\t ?is1 ab\t t1 

ab\t ! o!r8  ,ah1 yes6 x is a mo/       
defective book2 if x 7 n1 ,i w\ld h tak5
 good c>e n to write x4 ,= ! wor/ ?+ t  
c\ld happ5 to y w\ld be to suppose t any
 book c possibly tea* y any craft1 &    
take ! place ( a ma/] on ! "o h&1 & (   
ye>s ( practice on ! o!r4  ,?is book is 
n int5d$ to d s2 x is writt5 to give z  
mu* in=mation & to ar\se z mu* int]e/ z 
a book c2 ) ! hope t if any are 9 a     
position to wi% to le>n ?is craft1 & h n
 be5 br\ght up to x1 !y may le>n1 9     
g5]al1 :at its conditions are1 & !n be  
able to decide :e!r to c>ry x fur!r by  
seek+ good tea*+1 & by lay+ !mselves out
 = a pati5t c\rse ( /udy & practice & _m
 failures & exp]im5ts4 ,:ile1 ) reg>d to
 ^? already engag$ 9 glass-pa9t+1 x is (
 c\rse int5d$ to ar\se _! int]e/ 91 & to
 give !m in=mation ^u1 ^? o!r bran*es ( 
_! craft :i* are n g5]ally taught to ^? 
br\ght up z glass-pa9t]s4     ,,*apt] ,v
       ,cutt+ 7advanc$7--,! ,ideal      
,c>toon--,! ,cut-l9e--,sett+ !          
,c>toon--,transf]r+ ! ,cut-l9e to !     

,glass--,ano!r ,way--,"s      ,pr9ciples
 ( ,ta/e--,c\nt]*>g+4   ,we h only z yet
 spok5 ( ! processes ( cutt+ & pa9t+ 9  
!mselves1 & z !y c be practis$ on a s+le
 bit ( glass2 b n[ we mu/ consid] !m z  
appli$ to a subject 9 glass :]e _m      
pieces mu/ be us$4 ,?is is a diff]5t    
matt] inde$1 & br+s 9 all ! que/ions (  
ta/e & judgm5t :i* make ! diff]5ce      
betwe5 a good w9d[ & an inf]ior "o4 ,n[1
 fir/1 y mu/ "k t e diff]5tly col\r$    
piece mu/ be cut out by itself1 & !re=e 
mu/ h a /rip ( lead r\nd x to jo9 x to !
 o!rs4  ,draw a c>toon ( a figure1 be>+ 
?is well 9 m9d3 y mu/ draw x 9 su* a    
simple & sev]e way t y d n set          
impossible or ne$lessly difficult tasks 
to ! cutt]4 ,look n[1 = example1 at !   
picture 9 ,plate ,v4 by ,mr4 ,selwyn    
,image--h[ simple ! cutt+6  ,y ?9k x1   
p]haps1 too sev]e8 ,y d n l to see !    
leads s pla9ly4 ,y w\ld l bett] some?+ m
 aft] ! ,muni* s*ool1 :]e ! lead l9e is 
disguis$ or circumv5t$4 ,if s1 my lesson
 has gone wrong2 b we mu/ try & get x   

"r4  ,y w\ld l x bett] because x is m ( 
a picture2 exactly1 b y ought to l ! o!r
 bett] because x is m ( a w9d[4 ,yes1   
ev5 if all else 7 equal1 y ought to l x 
bett]1 because ! lead l9es cut x up4    
,keep y\r pictures = ! walls & y\r w9d[s
 = ! holes 9 !m4  ,b all else is n      
equal3 &1 suppos+ y n[ /&+ be=e a w9d[ (
 ! k9d ,i speak (1 ,i w tell y :at has  
be5 sacrific$ to get ?is picture-w9d[ l 
a picture4 ,/a9$-glass has be5          
sacrific$2 = ?is is n /a9$-glass1 x is  
pa9t$ glass--t is to say1 x is col\r$   
glass gr\nd up into p[d]s & pa9t$ on to 
:ite %eets ( glass3 a poor1 mis]able    
sub/itute = ! glori\s col\r ( ! deep    
ame?y/ & ruby-col\r$ glasses :i* x      
pret5ds to ape4 ,y w n be 9 mu* dang] ( 
us+ x :5 y h h&l$ y\r /a9$ glass samples
 = a :ile & le>n$ to love !m4 ,y w love 
!m s mu* t y w ev5 get to l ! sev]e lead
 l9e :i* ann\nces !m = :at !y are4  ,b y
 mu/ get to reasonably love x z a craft 
limitation1 a necessity1 a ?+ :i* places
 b\nds & limits to :at y c d 9 ?is art1 

& prev5ts tempt+ & speci\s tricks4  ,h[ 
to ,make a ,cut-l9e4--,b n[1 all ?is be+
 grant$1 h[ are we to set ab\t gett+ !  
pieces cut8 ,fir/ ( all1 ,i w\ld say t x
 is always well to draw mo/1 if n all1 (
 ! necess>y lead l9es on ! c>toon       
itself4 ,by ! necess>y lead l9es ,i mean
 ^? :i* sep>ate diff]5t col\rs2 = y "k t
 !re mu/ be a lead l9e betwe5 ^!4 ,!n1  
:5 ^! are drawn1 x is a "q ( conv5i5ce  
:e!r to draw 9 also ! m or less optional
 lead l9es :i* break up ea* space (     
uni=m col\r into conv5i5t-siz$ pieces4  
,if y d n want y\r c>toon aft]w>ds = any
 o!r purpose y may z well d s3 t is1    
fir/ set ! c>toon if x is 9 *>coal or   
*alk1 & !n try ! places = ^! lead l9es  
lightly 9 *>coal ov] ! draw+3 work+ ?us1
 y c du/ !m away "t aft] "t till !y seem
 "r to y1 & !n ei!r set !m also or n z y
 *oose4  ,a good1 useful sett+-mixture =
 l>ge quantities is compos$ by mix+     
equal p>ts ( :ite poli% & me?ylat$ _s2  
all[+ x to settle = a week1 & p\r+ (f   
all t is cle>4 ,x is us$ 9 ! ord9>y way 

) a spray diffus]1 & w keep = any l5g? (
 "t4  ,! next /ep is to make :at is     
call$ ! cut-l9e4 ,to d ?is1 p9 a piece (
 trac+-clo? ov] ! :ole c>toon2 ?is c be 
got f any arti/'s-col\rman or l>ge      
/ation]4 ,p9 x ov] ! c>toon ) ! dull    
surface outw>ds1 & ) a s(t piece (      
*>coal draw l9es #a_/af to #a_/h ( an   
in* wide d[n ! c5tre ( all ! lead l9es3 
remove ! clo? f ! c>toon1 & if any ( !  
l9es look awkw>d or ugly1 n[ t y see !m 
by !mselves undisguis$ by ! draw+ bel[1 
alt] !m1 & !n1 f9ally1 ) a long1 ?9 bru%
 pa9t !m 91 ov] ! *>coal1 ) wat]-col\r  
lamp-black1 ?is "t a true sixte5? ( an  
in* wide4 ,don't du/ ! *>coal (f fir/1 x
 makes ! pa9t cl+ mu* bett] to ! %9y    
clo?4  ,:5 ?is is done1 !re is a *oice (
 ?ree ways = cutt+ ! glass4 ,"o is to   
make %ap$ pieces ( c>tridge-pap] z      
patt]ns to cut ea* bit ( glass by2 ano!r
 is to place ! bits ( glass1 "o by "o1  
ov] ! cut-l9e & cut freeh& by ! l9e y   
see ?r\gh ! glass4 ,?is latt] process   
ne$s no description1 b y _c employ x =  

d>k glasses because y _c see ! l9e      
?r\gh3 = ?is y mu/ employ "o ( ! o!r    
me?ods4  ,h[ to ,transf] ! ,cutt+-l9e on
 to ! ,glass4--,take a bit ( glass l>ge 
en\gh to cut ! piece y want2 place x1   
face upw>ds1 on ! table2 place ! cut-l9e
 ov] x 9 its prop] place1 & !n slip     
betwe5 !m1 )\t mov+ ei!r1 a piece (     
black transf] pap]3 !n1 ) a /yle or h>d 
p5cil1 trace ! cutt+-l9e d[n on to !    
glass4 ,?is w n make a black m>k visible
 on ! glass1 x w only make a grease m>k1
 & t h>dly visible1 n en\gh to cut by2 b
 take a s(t dabb]--a lump ( cotton-wool 
ti$ up 9 a bit ( old h&k]*ief--& ) ?is1 
dipp$ 9 dry :it5+ or p[d]$ :ite *alk1   
dab ! glass all ov]2 !n bl[ ! surface & 
y w see a cle> :ite l9e :]e ! :it5+ has 
/uck to ! greasy l9e made by ! transf]  
pap]2 & by ?is y c cut v com=tably4  ,b 
a ?ird way is to cut ! %ape ( ea* piece 
( glass out 9 c>tridge-pap]2 & to d ?is 
y put ! cut-l9e d[n ov] a %eet (        
cont9u\s-c>tridge or c>toon pap]1 z x is
 call$1 & press along all ! l9es ) a    

/yle or h>d p5cil1 s z to make a furr[  
on ! pap] b5ea?2 !n1 aft] remov+ !      
cut-l9e1 y place a %eet ( ord9>y        
w9d[-glass bel[ ! pap] & cut out ea*    
piece1 betwe5 ! furr[s leav+ a full     
#a_/af ( an in*4 ,?is sixte5? ( an in*  
repres5ts ! he>t or core ( ! future     
lead2 x is ! di/ance :i* ! actual bits (
 glass lie "o f ! o!r 9 ! w9d[4 ,y mu/  
use a v %>p p5knife1 & y w f9d t1 cutt+ 
aga9/ glass1 ea* %ape w h q a smoo?     
edge2 & r\nd ?is y c cut ) y\r diamond4 
,?is me?od1 :i* is f> ! mo/ accurate &  
craftsmanly way ( cutt+ glass1 is be/   
us$ ) ! actual diamond3 9 t case y feel 
! edge ( ! pap] all ! "t ) !            
diamond-sp>k2 b 9 cutt+ ) ! :eel y mu/ n
 re/ aga9/ ! edge ( ! pap]2 o!rwise y w 
be sure to cut into x4 ,n[1 :i*ev] ( all
 ^! processes y employ1 rememb] t !re   
mu/ be a full #a_/af ( an in* left      
betwe5 ea* piece ( glass & all its      
neighb\rs4  ,! reason :y y leave ?is    
space betwe5 ! pieces is t ! core ( !   
lead is ab\t t or a little less 9       

?ickness3 ! clos] ! glass fits to ?is ! 
bett]1 b no "p ( ! glass mu/ g ne>] to  
its neighb\r ?an ?is1 o!rwise ! "w w be 
press$ outw>ds1 & y w n be able to get !
 :ole ( ! panel )9 its prop] limits4    
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cd  ,fig4 #cd is  
an illu/ration ( v>i\s k9ds & sizes (   
lead2 %[+ "s ) ! glass ins]t$ 9 its     
place4 ,by all means make y\r leads     
y\rself1 = _m ( ^? ready made are n lead
 at all1 or n pure lead4 ,get ! p>+s (  
%eet lead f a s\rce y c tru/1 & ca/ !m  
r\ghly 9 m\lds z at fig4 #ce4 ,fig4 #cf 
is ! %e>s by :i* ! /rips may be cut2    
fig4 #cg is ! lead-mill or vice by :i*  
!y are mill$ & run into _! f9al %ape2   
fig4 #ch ! *eeks or blocks ?r\gh :i* !  
lead passes4 ,! work+ ( su* an in/rum5t 
is a ?+ t is und]/ood 9 a few m9utes ) !
 in/rum5t itself at h&1 b x is cumbr\s  
to expla9 9 writ+1 & n wor? :ile2 s9ce  
if y pur*ase su* a ?+1 obvi\sly ! sell] 
w be !re to expla9 its use4 ,briefly1--!
 h&le turns two :eels ) mill$ edges     
#a_/af ( an in* ap>t2 :i*1 at "o motion1

 draw ! lead betwe5 !m1 mill x1 & =ce x 
betwe5 ! two *eeks 7fig4 #ch71 :i* m\ld 
! outside ( ! lead 9 its passage4 ,^!   
comb9$ movem5ts1 by a cont9u\s pressure1
 squeeze out ! /rip ( lead into ab\t    
twice its l5g?2 correspond+ly decreas+  
its ?ickness & f9i%+ x z x goes4        
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ce4  ,illu/ration3
 ,,fig4 #cf4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cg4 
,"s pr9ciples ( good ta/e & common s5se 
) reg>d to ! cutt+ up ( a ,w9d[2 accord+
 to :i* ! ,c>toon & ,design mu/ be      
modifi$4--,nev] disguise ! lead l9e4    
,cut ! necess>y p>ts fir/1 z ,i said    
be=e2 cut ! optional p>ts simply2 ?9k+  
mo/ ( craft-conv5i5ce1 & n mu* (        
realism4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ch4  ,d 
n1 h[ev]1 g to ! ext5t ( mak+ two lead  
l9es cross ea* o!r4 ,fig4 #ci %[s ! two 
k9ds ( jo9t1 ,a be+ ! wrong "o 7z ,i    
hold71 & ,b ! "r "o2 b1 aft] all1 ?is is
 p>tly a "q ( ta/e4  ,d n cut bord]s &  
o!r m9or details into measur$ spaces2   
cut !m hap-haz>d4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 
#ci4  ,d n cut leafage too mu* by !     

outl9es ( ! gr\ps ( leaves--or w+s by ! 
outl9es ( ! gr\ps ( fea!rs4  ,d n outl9e
 ) lead l9es any =ms ( m9or importance4 
,d n all[ ! :ole ( any figure to cut out
 d>k aga9/ light1 or light aga9/ d>k2 b 
if ! figure is ev] s bright1 let an in* 
or two ( its outl9e tell out z a d>k    
aga9/ a spot ( /ill bright] light2 & if 
x is ev] s d>k1 be x r$ or blue z /rong 
z may be1 let an in* or two ( its outl9e
 tell out aga9/ a /ill /rong] d>k 9 !   
backgr\nd1 if y h to pa9t x pit*-black  
to d s4  ,by ?is c\nt]*>g+ 7z h]alds    
say71 y\r composition w melt toge!r ) a 
pleas+ my/]y2 = y mu/ always rememb] t a
 w9d[ is1 aft] all1 only a w9d[1 x is n 
! *ur*1 & no?+ 9 x %\ld />e out at y s t
 y _c get away f x2 w9d[s %\ld dream1 & 
%\ld be s treat$ z to look l :at !y are1
 ! ap]tures to admit ! light2 subjects  
pa9t$ on a ?9 & brittle film1 hung 9    
mid-air betwe5 ! light & ! d>k4         
,,*apt] ,,vi       ,pa9t+               
7advanc$7--,wax+-up--,cleanl9ess--,fur!r
 ,me?ods (      ,pa9t+--,/ipple--,dry   

,/ipple--,film--,effects (              
,di/ance--,dang]      (                 
,ov]-,pa9t+--,fry+4   ,i h m5tion$ all  
^! po9ts ( judgm5t & good ta/e we h j   
f9i%$ speak+ (1 because !y are matt]s t 
mu/ necess>ily come be=e y at ! "t y are
 mak+ ! c>toon1 ! prelim9>y draw+ ( !   
w9d[1 & be=e y come to h&le ! glass at  
all4  ,b x is n[ necess>y to tell y h[ !
 :ole ( ! glass1 :5 x is cut1 mu/ be    
fix$ toge!r1 s t y c bo? see x & pa9t ^u
 x z a :ole picture4 ,?is is done z     
foll[s3--  ,fir/ place ! cut-l9e 7= !   
mak+ ( :i* y h already _h in/ructions7  
face upw>ds on ! b5*1 & ov] x place a   
%eet ( glass1 z l>ge at lea/ z ! piece y
 mean to pa9t4 ,?ick w9d[-glass1 :at    
glass-mak]s call ?irty-two ounce %eet--t
 is1 glass t weighs ab\t ?irty-two      
ounces to ! squ>e foot--w d well en\gh =
 v small subjects1 b = any?+ ov] a few  
squ>e feet1 x is bett] to use ?9        
plate-glass4 ,?is is exp5sive1 b y d n  
want ! be/2 :at is call$ pat5t plate    
does q well1 & *eap plate-glass c (t5 be

 got to suit y at ! salvage /ores1 :i!r 
x is br\ght f fires4  ,hav+ laid y\r    
%eet ( glass d[n ^u ! cut-l9e1 place ^u 
x all ! bits ( glass 9 _! prop] places2 
!n take beeswax 7& by all means let x be
 ! be/ & pure/ y c get2 get x at a      
*emi/'s1 n at ! oil-%op71 & heat a few  
ounces ( x 9 a saucepan1 & :5 all ( x is
 melt$--n be=e1 & z little aft] z may   
be--take any conv5i5t tool1 a p5knife or
 a /rip ( glass1 &1 dipp+ x rapidly into
 ! melt$ wax1 convey x 9 little drops to
 ! po9ts :]e ! v>i\s bits ( glass meet  
ea* o!r1 dropp+ a s+le drop ( wax at ea*
 jo9t4 ,x is no advantage to h any extra
 drops along ! sides ( ! bits2 if ea*   
corn] is prop]ly secur$1 t is all t is  
ne$$ 7fig4 #dj74  ,"s p use a little    
res9 or t> ) ! wax to make x m brittle1 
s t :5 ! pa9t+ is f9i%$ & ! "w is to be 
tak5 d[n aga9 (f ! plate1 ! spots ( wax 
w *ip (f m easily4 ,i d n advise x4     
,boys 9 ! %op :o are j ent]+ _!         
appr5tice%ip get v skilful1 & q prop]ly 
s1 9 do+ ?is "w2 wax+ up y>d aft] y>d ( 

glass1 & nev] dropp+ a spot ( wax on !  
surface4  ,x is mu* to be comm5d$3 all  
?+s done 9 ! arts %\ld be done z well z 
!y c be done1 if only = ! sake ( "* &   
tra9+2 b 9 ?is case x is a positive     
advantage t ! "w %\ld be done ?us       
cleanly1 because if a spot ( wax is     
dropp$ on ! surface ( ! glass t is to be
 pa9t$ on1 ! spot mu/ be c>efully scrap$
 (f & e ve/ige ( x remov$ ) a wet du/]  
dipp$ 9 a little grit ( "s k9d--pigm5t  
does well--o!rwise ! glass is greasy & !
 pa9t+ w n adh]e4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 
#dj4  ,= ! same reason ! wax-saucepan   
%\ld be kept v clean1 & ! wax frequ5tly 
p\r$ (f1 & all s$im5t ?r[n away4 ,a bit 
( cotton-fluff (f ! du/] is en\gh to    
drag a lump out on ! end ( ! wax+-tool1 
:i*1 be=e y h "t to notice x1 w be      
dribbl+ ov] ! glass & p]haps spoil+ x2 =
 y mu/ note t sometimes x is necess>y to
 re-wax d[n unfir$ "w1 :i* a drop ( wax 
! size ( a p9hole1 flirt$ (f f ! end ( !
 tool1 w utt]ly ru94 ,h[ important1 !n1 
to be cleanly4  ,& 9 ?is matt] ( remov+ 

su* spots f fir$ "w1 d please note t y  
%\ld use ! knife & ! du/] alt]nately =  
ea* spot4 ,d n scrape a bat* ( ! spots  
(f fir/ & !n g ov] ! gr\nd aga9 ) !     
du/]--?is c only save a second or two ( 
"t1 & ! m]e/ fraction ( tr\ble2 & ^! are
 ill sav$ inde$ at ! co/ ( do+ ! "w ill4
 ,& y are sure to d x s1 = :5 ! spot is 
scrap$ (f x is v difficult to see :]e x 
02 y are sure to miss "s1 9 go+ ov] !   
glass ) a du/]1 & y w discov] !m aga91  
to y\r co/ & annoyance1 :5 y matt ov] !m
 = ! second pa9t+3 &1 j :5 y _c af=d to 
sp>e a s+le mom5t--9 "s critical        
process--!y w come out l r\nd o's 9 !   
middle ( y\r %ad+1 compell+ y to break  
(f y\r "w & d n[ :at %\ld h be5 done    
be=e y began to pa9t4  ,b ! be/ plan (  
all is to avoid ! :ole ?+ by do+ ! "w   
cleanly f ! fir/4 ,& x is q easy2 = all 
y h to d is to c>ry ! tool horizontally 
till x is ov] ! spot :]e y want ! wax1 &
 !n1 by a tilt ( ! h&1 slide ! drop into
 its place4  ,fur!r ,me?ods (           
,pa9t+4--,!re are two *ief me?ods (     

treat+ ! matt--"o is ! /ipple1 & ! o!r !
 film or badg]$ matt4  ,! ,/ipple4--,:5 
y h put on y\r matt ) ! camel-hair bru%1
 take a /ippl+ bru% 7fig4 #da7 & /ab !  
matt all ov] ) x :ile x is wet4 ,a great
 v>iety ( texture c be got 9 ?is way1 = 
y may leave (f ! process at any mom5t2  
if y leave x (f soon1 ! "w w be s(t &   
blurr$1 =1 n be+ dry1 ! pigm5t w spread 
aga9 z soon z y leave (f3 b1 if y *oose1
 y c g on /ippl+ till ! :ole is dry1 :5 
! pigm5t w ga!r up into little %>p spots
 l pepp]1 & ! glass betwe5 !m w be almo/
 cle>4 ,y mu/ be> 9 m9d t y _c use      
scrubs ov] "w l ! la/ describ$1 & _c use
 !m to mu* advantage ov] /ipple at all4 
,y c draw a ne$le ?r\gh2 b z a rule y d 
n want to take lights out ( /ipple1 s9ce
 y c complete ! %ad+ 9 ! s+le process by
 /ippl+ m or less accord+ to ! light &  
%ade y want4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #da4 
,a v co>se =m ( ! process is dry /ippl+1
 :]e y /ipple /raight on to ! surface ( 
! cle> glass1 ) pigm5t tak5 up (f !     
palette by ! /ippl+ bru% itself3 = co>se

 di/ant "w ?is may be sometimes useful4 
,n[ z to film4 ,we h spok5 ( lay+ on an 
ev5 matt & badg]+ x smoo?2 & y c use ?is
 ) a c]ta9 am\nt ( /ipple also ) v good 
effect2 b y are to notice "o great rule 
ab\t ^! two processes1 namely1 t ! same 
am\nt ( pigm5t obscures mu* m light us$ 
9 film ?an us$ 9 /ipple4  ,light spreads
 z x comes ?r\gh op5+s2 & a v little    
light let1 9 p9holes1 ?r\gh a v d>k     
matt1 w1 at a di/ance1 s ass]t itself z 
to prevail ov] ! d>kness ( ! matt4  ,x  
is really v little use go+ on to        
describe ! way ! col\r acts 9 ^! v>i\s  
processes2 = its behavi\r v>ies ) e     
degree ( all ( !m4 ,"o may gradually    
acquire ! skill to comb9e all !         
processes1 9 all _! degrees1 ^u a s+le  
pa9t+2 & ! only way 9 :i* y c te/ _!    
relative value1 ei!r z texture or z     
light & %ade1 is to con/antly practise  
ea* process 9 all its degrees1 & see :at
 results ea* has1 bo? :5 se5 ne> at h& &
 also :5 se5 f a di/ance4 ,x is useless 
to try & le>n ^! ?+s f writt5           

directions2 y mu/ make !m y\r own1 z    
preci\s secrets1 by mu* practice & mu*  
exp]im5t1 ?\gh x w save y ye>s ( bo? to 
le>n "u a good ma/]4  ,b ?is "q (       
di/ance is a mo/ important ?+1 & we mu/ 
enl>ge ^u x a little & try to make x q  
cle>4  ,glass-pa9t+ is n l any o!r pa9t+
 9 ?is respect4  ,let u say t y see an  
oil-pa9t+--a portrait--at ! end ( ! l>ge
 room 9 "s big ,exhibition4 ,y /& ne> x 
& say1 ,yes1 t is ! ,k+ 7or !           
,comm&]-9-,*ief71 a good lik5ess2 h[ev] 
d !y d ^? pat5t-lea!r boots8 ,b aft] y h
 be5 d[n "o side ( ! room & turn r\nd at
 ! o!r end to yawn1 y cat* sight ( x    
aga92 & /ill y say1 ,yes1 x's a good    
lik5ess1 & really ^? boots are v clev]6 
,b if x _h be5 y\r own pa9t+ on glass1 &
 sitt+ at y\r easel y _h at la/ said1   
,yes1--n[ x's l ! draw+--t's !          
expression1 y c\ld by no means safely   
c\nt on be+ able to say ! same at all   
di/ances4 ,y may say x at t5 feet (f1 at
 tw5ty1 & yet at ?irty ! %ades may all  
ga!r toge!r into black pat*es2 ! draw+ (

 ! eyelids & eyes may vani% 9 "o g5]al  
black blot1 ! half-tones on ! *eeks may 
all g to no?+4 ,^! actual ?+s1 =        
in/ance1 w be ! result if ! *eeks are   
/ippl$ or scrubb$1 & ! %ade r\nd ! eyes 
left z a film--ev] s slight a film w d  
x4 ,se5 ne>1 y see ! draw+ ?r\gh ! film2
 b z y g away ! light w come p\r+ /rong]
 & /rong] ?r\gh ! bru% or /ipple m>ks on
 ! *eeks1 until all films w cut out     
aga9/ x l black spots1 alt]+ ! :ole     
expression pa/ recognition4  ,try ?is on
 simple t]ms3--  ,d a face on :ite glass
 9 /rong outl9e only3 /ep back1 & ! face
 goes to no?+2 /r5g!n ! outl9e till !   
=ms are q mon/r\s--! outl9e ( ! nose z  
broad z ! bridge ( x--/ill1 at a giv5   
di/ance1 x goes to no?+2 ! expression   
v>ies e /ep back y take4 ,b n[1 take a  
matt+ bru%1 ) a film s ?9 t x is h>dly m
 ?an dirty wat]2 put x on ! back ( !    
glass 7s z n to wa% up y\r outl9e72     
badg] x flat1 s z j to dim ! glass less 
?an gr\nd glass is dimm$2--& y w f9d y\r
 outl9e look almo/ ! same at ea*        

di/ance4 ,x is ! pure light t plays     
tricks1 & x w play !m ?r\gh a p9hole4   
,& n[1 f9ally1 let u say t y may d any?+
 y c d 9 ! pa9t+ ( glass1 s long z y d n
 lay ! col\r on too ?ick4 ,!            
outl9e-t\*es %\ld be flat ^u ! glass1 & 
above all ?+s %\ld n be laid on s wet1  
or laid on s ?ick1 t ! pigm5t =ms into a
 drop at ! end ( ! t\*2 = ?is drop1 &   
all pigm5t t is ?ick ^u ! glass l t1 w  
fry :5 x is put into ! kiln3 t is to    
say1 be+ s ?ick1 & /&+ s f> f ! surface 
( ! glass1 x w fire sep>ately f ! glass 
itself & /& z a sep>ate cru/ above x1 & 
?is w p]i%4  ,plate ,,ix4 %[s !         
appe>ance ( ! bubbles or bli/]s 9 a bit 
( "w t has fri$1 z se5 "u a microscope (
 #bj diamet]s2 & if y are incl9$ to     
disreg>d ! dang] ( ?is defect z se5 (   
its natural size1 :5 x is a m]e r\ghness
 on ! glass1 :at d y ?9k ( x n[8 ,y c   
remove x at once by scrap+ x ) a knife2 
& inde$1 if ?r\gh accid5t a t\* "h & !re
 does fry1 x is y\r only plan to s      
remove x4 ,all y c scrape (f %\ld be    

scrap$ (f & repa9t$ e "t ! glass comes f
 ! kiln2 & t br+s u to ! important "q ( 
fir+4     ,,*apt] ,,vii                 
,fir+--,?ree ,k9ds ( ,kiln--,advantages 
& ,disadvantages--,!                    
,gas-,kiln--,quick                      
,fir+--,dang]--,suffici5t ,fir+--,s(t   
,pigm5ts--,diff]5ce 9 ,glasses--,/ale   
,"w--,! ,sci5tific      ,facts--,h[ to  
,judge ( ,fir+--,draw+ ! ,kiln4   ,! way
 9 :i* ! pa9t+ is atta*$ to ! glass &   
made p]man5t is by fir+ x 9 a kiln at   
great heat1 & ?us fus+ ! two toge!r4    
,simple en\gh to say1 b :o is to        
describe 9 writ+ ?is process 9 all its  
=ms8 ,= !re is1 p]haps1 no?+ 9 ! art (  
/a9$-glass on :i* !re is great] div]sity
 ( op9ion & div]sity ( practice ?an ?is 
matt] ( fir+4 ,b let u make a beg9n+ by 
say+ t !re are1 x may be said1 ?ree *ief
 modifications ( ! process4  ,fir/1 !   
use ( ! old1 clos$1 coke or turf kiln4  
,second1 ( ! clos$ gas-kiln4  ,& ?ird1 (
 ! op5 gas-kiln4  ,! fir/ consi/s ( a   
*amb] ( brick or t]ra-cotta1 9 :i* !    

glass is plac$ on a b$ ( p[d]$ :it5+1 on
 iron plates1 "o above ano!r l %elves1 &
 ! :ole enclos$ 9 a *amb] :]e ! heat is 
rais$ by a fire ( coke or peat4  ,?is1  
be x und]/ood1 is a sl[ me?od4 ,! heat  
increases gradually1 & applies to !     
glass :at ! kiln-man calls a good1 soak+
 heat4 ,! mean+ ( ?is expression1 (     
c\rse1 is t ! gradual heat gives "t = ! 
glass & ! pigm5t to fuse toge!r 9 a     
natural way1 m likely to be good &      
p]man5t 9 its results ?an a process :i* 
takes a tw5tie? "p ( ! "t & :i* !re=e 7x
 is assum$7 mu/ wr5* ! mat]ials m h>%ly 
f _! nature & /ate4  ,!re are1 x mu/ be 
admitt$1 "o or two ?+s to be said = ?is 
view :i* require answ]+4  ,fir/1 t ?is  
=m ( kiln has ! virtue ( be+ old2 = 9   
su* a ?+ z ?is1 beyond all mann] ( d\bt1
 0 fir$ all ! spl5did /a9$-glass ( !    
,middle ,ages4  ,second1 t by its use "o
 is entirely pres]v$ f ! dang]s atta*$  
to ! misuse ( ! gas-kiln4  ,b ! answ]s  
to ^! two ?+s are--  ,fir/1 t ! me?od   
employ$ 9 ! ,middle ,ages did n         

inv>iably ensure p]man5ce4 ,any "o :o   
has /udi$ /a9$-glass mu/ be famili> )   
cases 9 :i* anci5t "w has fad$ or p]i%$4
  ,! second claim is answ]$ by ! fact1  
,i ?9k beyond dispute1 t all objections 
to ! use ( ! gas-kiln w\ld be remov$ if 
x 7 us$ prop]ly2 x is n ! use ( x z a   
process :i* is 9 itself dang]\s1 b m]ely
 ! misuse ( x4 ,p mu/ be cont5t ) :at is
 reasonable 9 ! matt]2 &1 kn[+ t !      
gas-kiln is spok5 ( z ! quick-fir+ kiln1
 !y mu/ n insi/ on try+ to fire too     
quick4  ,n[ ,i h ! highe/ au?ority 7t ( 
! mak]s ( bo? kiln & pigm5t7 to support 
my own conviction1 f\nd$ on my own      
exp]i5ce1 9 :at ,i am "h go+ to say4    
,obs]ve1 !n1 t up to ! po9t at :i*      
actual fusion comm5ces--t is1 :5 pigm5t 
& glass beg9 to get s(t--!re is no      
advantage 9 sl[ness1 & !re=e none 9 !   
use ( fuel z aga9/ gas--no possible     
disadvantage z f> z ! "w goes3 only x is
 "t wa/$4 ,b :]e p g wrong is 9 n obs]v+
 ! vital importance ( proce$+ g5tly :5  
fusion does comm5ce4 ,= 9 ! actual      

process ( fir+1 :5 fusion is ab\t to    
comm5ce1 x is inde$ all-important to    
proce$ g5tly2 o!rwise ! "w w fry1 &1 9  
fact1 x is 9 dang] f a v>iety ( causes4 
,make x1 !n1 y\r practice to aim at     
tw5ty to tw5ty-five m9utes1 in/ead ( t5 
or twelve1 z ! p]iod dur+ :i* ! pigm5t  
is to be fir$1 & regulate ! am\nt ( heat
 y apply by t /&>d4 ,! long] p]iod (    
mod]ate heat means safety4 ,! %ort]     
p]iod ( great heat means dang]1 & r m   
?an dang]4  ,fig4 #db is ! clos$        
gas-kiln1 :]e ! glass is plac$ 9 an     
enclos$ *amb]2 fig4 #dc is ! op5        
gas-kiln1 :]e ! gas plays on ! ro( ( !  
*amb] 9 :i* ! glass lies2 fig4 #dd %[s  
?is latt]4 ,b no writt5 description or  
picture is really suffici5t to make x   
safe = y to use ^! gas-kilns4 ,y w\ld be
 sure to h "s s]i\s accid5t1 probably an
 explosion2 & z x is absolutely necess>y
 = y to h in/ruction1 ei!r f ! mak] or !
 exp]i5c$ us] ( !m1 x is useless = me to
 tell lamely :at !y c\ld %[ ?or\ghly4 ,i
 %all !re=e leave ?is ess5tially        

te*nical "p ( ! subject1 &1 omitt+ ^!   
details1 speak ( ! few pr9ciples :i*    
regulate ! fir+ ( glass4  ,illu/ration3 
,,fig4 #db4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dc4  
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dd4  ,& ! fir/ is 
to fire x en\gh4 ,:atev] pigm5t y use1 &
 ) :atev] flux1 none w be p]man5t if !  
"w is "u-fir$2 inde$ ,i believe t       
"u-fir+ is f> m ! cause ( /a9$-glass    
p]i%+ ?an ! use ( untru/wor?y pigm5t or 
flux2 al?\gh x mu/ always be borne 9 m9d
 t ! use ( a s(t pigm5t1 :i* w fire     
beautifully at a l[ heat1 ) a f9e gloss 
on ! surface1 is always to be avoid$4 ,!
 pigm5t is fus$1 no d\bt2 b is x unit$  
to ! glass8 ,:at "o w\ld l to h w\ld be 
a pigm5t ^: own fus+-po9t 0 ! same1 or  
ab\t ! same1 z t ( ! glass itself1 s t !
 surface1 at lea/1 ( ! piece ( glass    
s(t5s to receive x & lets x "r d[n into 
itself4 ,y %\ld nev] be satisfi$ ) !    
fir+ ( y\r glass unless x pres5ts two   
qualifications3 fir/1 t ! surface ( !   
glass has melt$ & begun to run toge!r2 &
 second1 t ! fus$ pigm5t is q glossy &  

%9y1 n ! lea/ dull or ru/y look+1 :5 !  
glass is cool4  ,:at "o w\ld l to h4  ,&
 c y n get x8  ,well1 yes6 b y want     
exp]i5ce & con/ant wat*fulness--9 %ort1 
rule ( ?umb4 ,= e diff]5t glass diff]s 9
 h>dness1 & y nev] "k1 except by memory 
& con/ant h&l+ ( ! /uff1 exactly :at y\r
 mat]ials are go+ to d 9 ! kiln2 = z to 
/&>dis+1 s z to get ! glass into any    
kn[n relation ) ! pigm5t 9 ! matt] (    
fus+1 ! ?+ has nev]1 z f> z ,i "k1 be5  
attempt$4 ,x probably c\ld n be done )  
reg>d to all1 or ev5 _m1 glasses--nor   
ne$ x2 ?\gh p]haps x might be well if a 
ne>] approa* to x c\ld be a*iev$ ) reg>d
 to ! manufacture ( ! light] t9t$       
glasses1 ! :ites especially1 on :i* !   
heads & h&s are pa9t$1 & :]e consequ5tly
 x is ( su* vital importance t ! pa9t+  
%\ld h c>eful ju/ice done to x1 & n lose
 9 ! fir+ ?r\gh unc]ta9ty ) reg>d to    
conditions4  ,nev]!less1 if y obs]ve !  
rule to fire suffici5tly1 ! wor/ t c    
happ5 is a disappo9tm5t to y\rself f !  
pa9t+ hav+ to an unnecess>y ext5t fir$  

away 9 ! kiln4 ,y mu/ be pati5t1 & give 
x a second pa9t+2 & z to ! rule ( ?umb1 
x is surpris+ h[ "o gets to "k1 by      
con/ant h&l+ ! /uff1 h[ ! v>i\s glasses 
are go+ to behave 9 ! fire4 ,x 0 ! me?od
 ( ! ,middle ,ages :i* we are s apt to  
praise1 & !re is mu* to be said =       
practical1 craftsmanly exp]i5ce1        
especially 9 ! arts1 z aga9/ a sy/em (  
=mulas bas$ on sci5tific k4 ,x w\ld be a
 pity inde$ to get rid ( ! accid5tal &  
all ! delight :i* x br+s1 & we mu/ take 
x ) its good & bad4  ,! second rule )   
reg>d to ! "q ( fir+ is to take c>e t ! 
"w is n /ale :5 x goes into ! kiln4 ,e  
"o w tell y a diff]5t tale ab\t _m po9ts
 connect$ ) glass1 j z doctors disagree 
9 e affair ( life4 ,9 talk+ ov] ?is     
matt] ( keep+ ! col\r fre%--ev5 talk+ x 
ov] ) "o's practical & exp]i5c$ fri5ds  
g5]ally--"o w sometimes he> ! rem>k t !y
 don't see t delay c d x mu* h>m2 & :5  
"o asks1 ,c x d x any good8 ! reply w   
be1 ,well1 probably x w\ld be z well to 
fire x soon2 or 9 ! case ( mix+1 ,to use

 x fre%4 ,n[1 if x w\ld be z well--:i*  
really means on ! safe side--!n t seems 
a suffici5t reason = any reasonable man4
  ,b inde$ ,i h always f\nd x "o ( !    
*iefe/ difficulties ) pupils to get !m  
to take ! mo/ reasonable precautions to 
make q sure ( any?+4 ,x is j ! same )   
matt]s ( measurem5t1 al?\gh ^u ^! su*   
vital issues dep5d4 ,h[ we>y "o gets ( !
 phrase x's n f> out--! obvi\s comm5t ( 
a reasonable man ^u su* a rem>k1 (      
c\rse1 be+ t if x is out at all x's1 at 
any rate1 too f> out4 ,a ,fr5* assi/ant 
t ,i _h once us$ always to compla9 ( my 
dem&+ 7z he express$ x7 su* rigor\s     
accuracy4 ,b !re are only two ways--to  
be accurate or inaccurate2 & if ! =m] is
 possible1 !re is no excuse = ! latt]4  
,b z to ?is "q ( fre%ness ( col\r1 :i*  
is ( su* p>am\nt importance1 ,i may     
quote ! same au?ority ,i us$ be=e--t ( !
 mak] ( ! col\r--to back my own exp]i5ce
 & previ\s conviction on ! po9t1 :i*    
c]ta9ly is t fre% col\r1 us$ ! same day 
x is gr\nd & fir$ ! same day x is us$1  

fires bett] & fires away less ?an any   
o!r4  ,! facts ( ! case1 sci5tifically1 
,i am assur$1 are z foll[s4 ,! pigm5t   
conta9s a l>ge am\nt ( s(t glass 9 a v  
f9e /ate ( division1 & ! c>bonic acid1  
:i* all air conta9s 7especially t (     
work%ops71 w imm$iately beg9 to ent]    
into comb9ation ) ! alkalis ( ! glass1  
?r[ out ! silica1 & ?us dis9tegrate :at 
0 br\ght toge!r 9 ! fir/ in/ance :5 !   
glass 0 made4 ,! result ( ?is is t ?is  
intrud] 7! c>bonic acid7 has to be driv5
 out aga9 by ! heat ( ! kiln1 & is q    
likely to di/urb ! pigm5t 9 e possible  
way 9 ! process ( its escape4 ,i h      
myself sometimes notic$1 :5 "s pa9t$ "w 
has be5 laid aside unusually long be=e  
fir+1 "s :ite effloresc5ce or           
cry/allisation tak+ place & com+ out z a
 :ite du/ on ! pa9t$ surface4  ,n[ x is 
n necess>y to "k "h1 9 a sci5tific or   
*emical s5se1 :at has actually tak5     
place4 ,two ?+s are evid5t to common    
s5se4 ,"o1 t ! *ange is organic1 & ! o!r
 t x is unprem$itat$2 & !re=e1 on bo?   

gr\nds1 x is a ?+ to avoid1 :i* inde$ my
 fri5d's sci5tific explanation          
suffici5tly confirms4 ,x is well1 !re=e1
 on all acc\nts to pa9t swiftly &       
cont9u\sly1 & to fire z soon z y c2 &   
above all ?+s n to let ! col\r lie ab\t 
gett+ /ale on ! palette4 ,mix no m = !  
day ?an y mean to use2 clean y\r palette
 e day or ne>ly s2 "w up all ! col\r ea*
 "t y set y\r palette1 & d n give way to
 t slov5ly & idle practice t is         
sometimes se51 ( leav+ a cru/ ( dry     
col\r to collect1 p]haps = days or      
weeks1 r\nd ! edge ( ! mass on y\r      
palette1 & !n "s day1 :5 ! _s moves y1  
work+ ?is 9 ) ! re/1 to imp]il ! safety 
( y\r pa9t+4  ,h[ to ,"k :5 ! ,glass is 
,fir$ ,suffici5tly4--,?is is told by !  
col\r z x lies 9 ! kiln--t is1 9 su* a  
kiln t y c see ! glass2 b :o c describe 
a col\r8 ,y h no?+ = ?is b to buy y\r   
exp]i5ce4 ,b 9 kilns t are con/ruct$ ) a
 peephole1 y c also tell by putt+ 9 a   
bright iron rod or o!r %9+ object &     
hold+ x ov] ! glass s z to see if !     

glass reflects x4 ,if ! pigm5t is raw x 
w 7if !re is en\gh ( x on ! glass to    
cov] ! surface7 prev5t ! piece ( glass f
 reflect+ ! rod2 b directly x is fir$ ! 
pigm5t itself becomes glossy1 & !n !    
surface w reflect4  ,?is is all a matt] 
( practice2 no?+ c describe ! look ( a  
piece ( glass t is fir$4 ,y mu/ ei!r    
wat* bat* aft] bat* = y\rself & le>n by 
exp]i5ce1 or get a good kiln-man to po9t
 out fir$ & unfir$1 & call y\r att5tion 
to ! slight %ades ( col\r & gl[ :i*     
di/+ui% "o f ! o!r4  ,on ,tak+ ! ,glass 
out ( ! ,fire4--,& s y take ! glass out 
( ! fire4 ,9 ! old kilns y take ! fire  
away f ! glass1 & leave ! glass to cool 
all night or s2 9 ! new1 y remove x &   
leave x 9 mod]ate heat at ! side ( !    
kiln till x is cool en\gh to h&le1 or   
ne>ly cold4 ,& !n y hold x up & look at 
x4     ,,*apt] ,,viii       ,! ,second  
,pa9t+--,disappo9tm5t ) ,fir$ ,"w--,a   
,false      ,rem$y--,a ,useful ,tool--,!
 ,ne$le--,a ,res\rce ( ,desp]ation--,!  
,middle ,c\rse--,use ( ! ,f+]--,!       

,second ,pa9t+--,proc$ure4   ,& :5 y h  
look$ at x1 z ,i said j n[ y %\ld d1 y\r
 fir/ ?\ght w be a wi% t y _h nev] be5  
born4 ,= no "o1 ,i suppose1 ev] took 8  
fir/ bat* ( pa9t$ glass out ( ! kiln )\t
 disappo9tm5t & )\t wond]+ :at use !re  
is 9 su* an art4 ,= ! pa9t+ :5 x w5t 9 0
 grey1 & silv]y1 & %>p1 & crisp1 & firm1
 & brilliant4 ,n[ all is alt]$2 all !   
relations ( light & %ade are alt]$2 !   
%>pness ( e bru%-m>k is gone1 & ev]y?+  
is n only wa%$ out to half its dep?1 b  
blurr$ at t4 ,ev5 if y c\ld get x1 by a 
second pa9t+1 to look exactly z x 0 at  
fir/1 y ?9k3 ,:at a wa/e ( life6 ,i     
?\ght ,i _h done6 ,x 0 "r z x 02 ,i 0   
pleas$ s f>2 b n[ ,i am tir$ ( ! ?+2 ,i 
don't want to be do+ x all ov] aga94    
,well1 my de> read]1 ,i _c tell y a     
rem$y = ?is /ate ( ?+s--x is "o ( !     
conditions ( ! craft2 y mu/ f9d by      
exp]i5ce :at pigm5t1 & :at glass1 & :at 
/yle ( us+ !m1 & :at am\nt ( fire give !
 lea/ ( ^! disappo9t+ results1 & !n make
 ! be/ ( x2 & make up y\r m9d to d )\t  

c]ta9 effects 9 glass1 :i* y f9d are    
unatta9able4  ,!re is1 h[ev]1 "o rem$y  
:i* ,i suppose all glass-pa9t]s try1 b  
ev5tually disc>d4 ,i suppose we h all   
pass$ ?r\gh ! /age ( work+ v d>k1 to    
all[ = ! fir+-(f2 & ,i want to say a ^w 
( w>n+ :i* may prev5t _m he>ta*es 9 ?is 
matt]4 ,i hav+ pass$ ?r\gh !m all1 !re  
is no reason :y o!rs %\ld4 ,n[ m>k v    
c>efully :at foll[s1 = x is difficult to
 expla91 & y _c af=d to let ! s5se slip 
by y4  ,i told y t a film left unt\*$   
w\ld always come out z a black pat*     
aga9/ "w t 0 pi]c$ ) ! scrub1 h[ev]     
slightly4  ,n[1 h]e9 lies ! difficulty (
 work+ ) a v ?ick matt2 = if x is ?ick  
en\gh on ! *eek & br[ ( a face to give  
/rong modell+ :5 fir$1 !n :5ev] x has   
pass$ ov] ! previ\s outl9e-pa9t+1 =     
example1 9 ! eyes1 m\?1 no/rils1 c41 y w
 f9d t ! two toge!r h become too ?ick = 
! scrub to move4  ,n[ y d n ne$1 z an   
arti/1 to be told t x is fatal to all[  
any "p ( y\r pa9t+ to be ?us beyond y\r 
control2 to be oblig$ to say1 ,x's too  

d>k1 b un=tunately ,i h no tools t w    
light5 x--x w n yield to ! scrub4       
,h[ev]1 a c]ta9 am\nt c be done 9 ?is   
direction by us+1 on ! %ad[s t are j too
 /rong = ! scrub1 a tool made by gr9d+  
d[n on s&pap] a l>ge hog-hair bru%1 &1 (
 ^!1 :at are call$ /5cil-bru%es are z   
good z any 7fig4 #de74  ,y d n use ?is  
by dragg+ x ov] ! glass z y drag a      
scrub1 b by prick+ ! :ole ( ! surface   
:i* y wi% to light54 ,?is w make little 
p9holes all ov] x1 :i* w be suffici5t to
 let ! pat* ( %ad[ g5tly d[n to ! level 
( ! surr\nd+ light] modell+1 & w prev5t 
y\r d>k %ad[s look+ l actual pat*es1 z  
we describ$ !m do+ a little way back4   
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #de4  ,fur!r ?an   
?is y _c g3 = ,i _c at all see h[ ! next
 process ,i am to describe c be a good  
"o1 ?\gh ,i once ?\ght1 z ,i suppose mo/
 d1 t x w\ld really solve ! difficulty4 
,:at ,i allude to is ! use ( ! ne$le4   
,( ,"w ,et*$ out ) a ,ne$le4--,! ne$le  
is a v good & useful tool = /a9$ glass1 
9 c]ta9 op]ations1 b ,i am n[ to speak (

 x z be+ us$ ov] :ole areas z a         
sub/itute = ! scrub1 9 ord] to deal ) a 
matt too d5se = ! scrub to p5etrate4  ,!
 ne$le w1 to be sure1 remove su* a matt2
 t is to say1 w remove l9es out ( x1 q  
cle> & %>p1 & ?is1 too1 out ( a matt s  
d5se1 t :at rema9s does n fire away mu* 
9 ! kiln4 ,"h is a tempt+ ?+ !n6 to h   
"o's "w un*ang$ by ! fire6 ,& if y c\ld 
a*ieve ?is )\t *ang+ ! "* ( ! "w = !    
worse1 no d\bt ?is me?od w\ld be a v f9e
 ?+4 ,b let me trace x /ep by /ep & try 
to describe :at happ5s4  ,y h pa9t$ y\r 
outl9e & y put a v heavy matt ov] x4    
,p]il ,no4 #a4--;,if y\r matt is s d5se 
t x w n fire (f1 x mu/ v ne>ly approa* !
 po9t ( d5sity at :i* x w fry4 ,h[ !n   
ab\t ! portions ( x :i* h be5 pa9t$ on1 
z ,i h said1 ov] ano!r lay] ( pigm5t 9 !
 %ape ( ! outl9e8 ,"h is a dang]4 ,b ev5
 suppos+ t all is safe1 & t y h j /opp$ 
%ort ( ! dang] po9t4 ,y h n[ y\r d5se1  
ri*1 br[n matt1 ) ! outl9e j %[+ ?r\gh  
x4 ,proce$ to model x ) ! ne$le4 ,! fir/
 /roke w really fright5 y2 = a fla% (   

silv] light w spr+ along aft] ! po9t ( !
 ne$le1 s dazzl+ 9 contra/ to ! extreme 
d>k ( ! matt t x looks z if ! plate _h  
be5 cut 9 two1 :ile ! matt beside x     
becomes pit*-black by contra/4 ,well1 y 
g on1 & by putt+ m /rokes1 & r$uc+ !    
surr\nd+ d>kness g5]ally1 y get ! draw+ 
to look grey--b y get x to look l a grey
 p5-draw+ or et*+1 n l a pa9t+ at all4  
,we w suppose t ?is seems to y no       
disadvantage 7?\gh ,i mu/ say1 at once1 
t ,i ?9k x a v great "o72 b n[ y come to
 ! deep %ad[s2 & ^!1 ,i ne$ h>dly say1  
cut !mselves out1 m ?an ev]1 l d>k      
pat*es or blots1 9 ! mann] already spok5
 (4 ,y try prick+ x ) ! bru% ,i h       
describ$ = t op]ation1 & x w n d x2 !n y
 resort to ! ne$le itself1 & y are />tl$
 at ! little1 h>d1 glitt]+ specks t come
 jump+ out ( ! black %ad[ at ea* t\*4 ,y
 get a f9] ne$le1 & !n y %>p5 ev5 t on !
 hone2 & p]haps !n1 by prick+ g+]ly r\nd
 ! edges ( ! %ad[s1 y may get ! draw+ & 
modell+ to melt toge!r fairly well4 ,b  
bew>e6 = if !re is "o dot ( light too   

_m1 ! expression ( ! head goes to !     
w9ds4 ,let u say t su* a ?+ occurs2 y h 
prick$ "o p9hole too _m r\nd ! corn] ( !
 m\?4  ,:at c y d8  ,y take y\r         
trac+-bru% & try to m5d x ) a t\* (     
pigm5t2 & s on1 & s on2 till y timidly  
say 7feel+ z if y _h be5 walk+ among    
egg-%ells = ! la/ h\r71 ,well1 ,i ?9k x 
w d1 & ,i d>5't t\* x any m4 ,& suppos+ 
by ^! means y get a head t looks really 
:at y want$2 ! "w is all :at            
glass-pa9t]s call rott52 liable to flake
 (f at ! lea/ t\*2 isolat$ bits ( ?ick  
cru/1 cut %e] out f ea* o!r1 ) cle>     
glass betwe54  ,9 %ort1 ! ?+ is a niggl+
 & bot*+ sort ( process to my m9d1 & ,i 
hope t ! above description is           
suffici5tly life-l to %[ t ,i h really  
giv5 x a good trial myself--)1 z a      
result1 ! conclusion c]ta9ly /rongly    
borne home to me1 t ! delight ( hav+    
"o's "w un*ang$ by ! fire is too de>ly  
pur*as$ at ! co/ ( x4  ,h[ to get !     
greate/ degree ( ,/r5g? into y\r ,pa9t+ 
)\t ,dang]4--,%ort ( us+ a ne$le !n1 & a

 matt t w only yield to t in/rum5t1 ,i  
w\ld advise1 if y want ! "w /rong1 t y  
%\ld pa9t ! matt s t x w j yield1 & only
 j1 & t ) difficulty1 to ! scrub2 &1    
be=e y use ?is tool1 j pass ! f+]1      
lightly1 backw>ds & =w>ds ov] ! matt$   
surface4 ,?is w take out a %imm] ( light
 "h & !re1 accord+ to ! inequalities ( !
 texture 9 ! glass itself2 ! fir/ t\*es 
( ! scrub w n !n look s />tl+ & h>d z if
 tak5 out ( ! dead1 ev5 matt2 & also ?is
 rubb+ ( ! f+] across ! surface seems to
 make ! matt yield m easily to ! tool4  
,! du/ rema9+ on ! surface p]haps helps 
?is2 anyh[1 ?is is z f> z y c g on !    
side ( /r5g? 9 ! "w4 ,y c ( c\rse back !
 "w1 t is1 pa9t on ! back z well z !    
front--a m]e film at ! back2 b ?is is a 
me?od ( a r d\btful nature4 ,! pigm5t on
 ! back does n fire equally well ) t on 
! front1 & :5 ! w9d[ is 9 its place1 t  
side w be1 y mu/ be> 9 m9d1 expos$ to ! 
wea!r4  ,i h spok5 incid5tally ( rubb+ !
 glass ) ! f+] z a "p ( pa9t+2 b !      
practice c be c>ri$ fur!r & us$ m       

g5]ally ?an ,i h yet said3 ! little pits
 & m>k+s on ! surface ( ! glass1 :i* ,i 
m5tion$ :5 ,i spoke ( ! "r & wrong sides
 ( ! mat]ial1 c be drawn into ! s]vice (
 ! w9d[ sometimes ) v happy effect4 ,be+
 treat$ ) matt & !n rubb$ ) ! f+]1 !y   
(t5 produce v *>m+ v>ieties ( texture on
 ! glass1 :i* ! pa9t] w f9d _m ways (   
mak+ useful4  ,( ! ,second ,pa9t+ (     
,glass aft] x has be5 ,fir$4--,s f> we h
 only spok5 ( ! appe>ance ( "w aft] its 
fir/ fire1 & its influ5ce ^u *oice (    
me?od = fir/ pa9t+2 b !re is ( c\rse !  
res\rce :i* is ! prop] subject ( ?is    
*apt]1 namely1 ! second pa9t+4  ,v small
 "w c be done ) "o fire2 b only v       
skilful pa9t]s c get "w1 on any l>ge    
scale1 /rong en\gh = "o fire to s]ve1 & 
t only ) ! use ( back+4 ,( c\rse if v   
fa9t tones ( %ad[ satisfy y1 ! "w c be  
done ) "o fire2 b if x is well fir$ x   
mu/ almo/ ( necessity be pale4 ,"s p l x
 s--x is a matt] ( ta/e1 & !re c be no  
pron\ncem5t made ab\t x2 b if y wi% y\r 
"w to look /rong 9 light & %ade--/rong] 

?an "o pa9t+ w make x--,i advise y1 :5 !
 "w comes back f ! fire & is wax$ up = !
 second "t 7:i*1 9 any case1 x assur$ly 
%\ld be1 if only = y\r judgm5t ^u x71 to
 proce$ z foll[s4  ,fir/1 ) a           
trac+-bru%1 g ov] all ! l9es & outl9$   
%ad[s t seem too weak1 & !n1 :5 ^! t\*es
 are q dry1 pass a ?9 matt ov] ! :ole1 &
 ) /ippl+-bru%es ( v>i\s sizes1 /ipple x
 ne>ly all away :ile wet4 ,y w only h   
ab\t five m9utes 9 :i* to deal ) any "o 
piece ( glass 9 ?is way1 & 9 ! case ( a 
head1 = example1 x ne$s a skilful h& to 
complete x 9 t %ort space ( "t4 ,! be/  
plan is to make sev]al %ots at x2 if y d
 n hit ! m>k ! fir/ "t1 y may ! second  
or ! ?ird4 ,i said /ipple x ne>ly all   
away2 b ! am\nt left mu/ be a matt] (   
ta/e2 nev]!less1 y mu/ note t if y d n  
remove en\gh to make ! "w look silv]y1 x
 is 9 dang] ( look+ muddy4 ,all ! ord9>y
 res\rces ( ! pa9t]'s art may be br\ght 
9 "h3 ret\*+ into ! half-dry second     
matt1 dabb+ ) ! f+]--9 %ort1 all t might
 be done if ! ?+ 7 a wat]-col\r or an   

oil-pa9t+2 b x is q useless to attempt  
to describe ^! deftnesses ( h& 9 words3 
y may use any & e me?od ( modify+ !     
light & %ade t occurs to y4     ,,*apt] 
,,ix       ,( ,/a9+ & ,acid+--,yell[    
,/a9--,acid+--,caution requir$ 9        
,use--,rem$y = ,burn+--,uses (          
,acid+--,o!r ,res\rces (                
,/a9$-,glass ,"w4   ,yell[ /a91 or silv]
 /a9 z "s call x1 is made 9 v>i\s ways f
 silv]--*loride1 sulphate1 & nitrate1 ,i
 und]/&1 are all us$4 ,! /a9 is laid on 
exactly l ! pigm5t1 b at ! back ( !     
glass4 ,x does n "w v smoo?ly1 & "s     
pa9t]s l to mix x ) ,v5ice turp5t9e     
in/ead ( wat] to get rid ( ?is defect2  
:i*ev] y use1 keep a sep>ate set ( tools
 & a sep>ate palette = x1 & always keep 
!m clean & ! /a9 fre% mix$4 ,also y %\ld
 n fire x ) s /rong a heat1 & !re=e1 (  
c\rse1 y %\ld nev] fire pigm5t & /a9 9 !
 same bat* 9 ! kiln2 o!rwise ! /a9 w    
probably g mu* hott] 9 col\r ?an y wi%1 
or w get muddy1 or w metal z pa9t]s call
 x--t is1 get a horny1 burnt-si5na look 

in/ead ( a cle> yell[4  ,h[ to ,et* !   
,fla% (f a ,fla%$ ,glass ) ,acid4--,!re 
is only "o m process1 hav+ to d ) pa9t+1
 :i* ,i %all describe1 & t is acid+4 ,by
 ?is process y c et* ! fla% (f ! fla%$  
glasses :]e y l4 ,! process is ! same z 
et*+--y /op-out ! p>ts t y wi% to rema91
 j z 9 et*+2 b in/ead ( putt+ ! /opp+   
mat]ial ov] ! :ole bit ( glass & !n     
scrat*+ x (f1 z y d 9 copp]-plate et*+1 
x is bett] = ! mo/ "p to pa9t ! /opp+ on
 :]e y want x1 & ?is is conv5i5tly done 
) ,brunswick black1 ?9n$ d[n ) turp5t9e2
 if y add a little r$ lead to x1 x does 
no h>m4 ,y !n treat x to a ba? ( fluoric
 acid dilut$ ) wat] & plac$ 9 a lead5   
pan2 or1 if x is only a t\* y want1 y c 
get x (f ) a mop ( cotton-wool on a     
/ick1 dipp$ 9 ! undilut$ acid2 b be     
c>eful ( ! fumes1 = !y are v acrid &    
disagreeable to ! eyes & nose2 take c>e 
also n to get ! acid on y\r f+]-ends or 
nails1 especially into cuts or sore     
places4 ,= protection1 india-rubb]      
f+]-/alls = f+] & ?umb are v good1 & y c

 get ^! at any %op :]e photographic     
mat]ials are sold4 ,if y d get any ( !  
acid on to y\r h&s or into a cut1 wa% !m
 ) dilut$ c>bonate ( soda or dilut$     
ammonia4 ,! acid mu/ be kept 9 a        
gutta-p]*a bottle4  ,:5 ! acid+ is done1
 z f> z y want x1 ! glass mu/ be        
?or\ghly r9s$ 9 sev]al wat]s2 d n leave 
any acid rema9+1 or x w cont9ue to act  
^u ! glass4 ,y mu/ also be c>eful n to  
use ?is process 9 ! neighb\rhood ( any  
pa9t$ "w1 or1 9 %ort1 9 ! neighb\rhood (
 any glass t is ( consequ5ce1 ! fumes f 
! acid act+ v /rongly & v rapidly4 ,?is 
process1 ( c\rse1 may be us$ 9 _m ways3 
y c1 by x1 acid out a diap] patt]n1 r$  
^u :ite1 :ite ^u r$2 & blue may be      
treat$ 9 ! same fa%ion2 ! :ite lights ^u
 /eel arm\r1 = in/ance1 may be obta9$ 9 
?is way ) v tell+ effect1 gett+ inde$ ! 
beautiful comb9ation ( /eely blue ) w>m 
br[n :i* we admire s 9 ,burne-,jones    
c>toons2 = ! br[n ( ! pigm5t w n %[ w>m 
on ! blue1 b w d s directly x passes on 
to ! :ite ( ! acid$ p>ts4 ,?is is ! la/ 

process ,i ne$ describe2 ! _m little    
special ref9em5ts to be got by play+    
games ) ! lead l9es2 by ?ick5+ & ?9n+   
!m2 by d\bl+ glass1 to get dep? &       
int5sity1 or to bl5d new t9ts2--^! & su*
 l are ! ?+s t any arti/ :o does 8 own  
"w & practises 8 own craft c f9d out1 & 
ought to f9d out1 & is b\nd to f9d out1 
= himself--!y are ! legitimate rew>d ( !
 h& & he>t lab\r sp5t1 z a craftsman    
sp5ds !m1 ^u ! mat]ial4 ,suffice x to   
say t 9 spite ( ! great skill :i* has   
be5 employ$ ^u /a9$-glass1 anci5t &     
mod]n1 & employ$ 9 enorm\s am\nt2 & 9   
spite ( ! great & beautiful results     
a*iev$2 we may yet look ^u /a9$-glass z 
an art 9 :i* !re are /ill new prov9ces  
to explore--walk+ ^u ! old pa?s1 guid$  
by ! old l&m>ks1 b ga!r+ new fl[]s by ! 
way4  ,we mu/ n[1 !n1 turn our att5tion 
to ! me*anical processes by :i* !       
/a9$-glass w9d[ is f9i%$ (f4     ,,*apt]
 ,x       ,lead+-,up & ,fix+--,sett+ out
 ! ,b5*--,relation ( ,lead+      to mode
 ( ,fix+ 9 ! ,/one--,process (          

,fix+--,lead+-,up                       
,resum$--,/raight5+ ! ,lead--,!         
,la?yk9--,!      ,cutt+-,knife--,!      
,nails--,! ,/opp+-,knife--,knock+ ,up4  
,y fir/ place y\r cut-l9e1 face upw>d1  
^u ! b5*1 & p9 x d[n !re4 ,y next cut   
two /raight-edges ( wood1 "o to g along 
! base l9e ( ! section y mean to lead   
up1 & ! o!r along ! side t lies next to 
y on ! b5* z y /& at "w2 = y always "w f
 "o side1 z y w soon see4 ,& x is       
important t y %\ld get ^! /raight-edges 
at a true "r angle1 te/+ !m c>efully ) !
 set-squ>e4 ,fig4 #df repres5ts a b5*   
set out = lead+-up4  ,y mu/ n[ build !  
glass toge!r1 z a *ild puts toge!r 8    
puzzle-map1 "o bit at a "t1 work+ f !   
base corn] t is opposite y\r left h&4   
,b fir/ ( all y mu/ place a /rip ( extra
 wide & flat lead close aga9/ ea* ( y\r 
/raight-edges1 s t ! core ( ! lead      
corresponds ) ! outside l9e ( y\r "w4   
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #df4  ,x w be "r "h
 to expla9 :at relation ! extreme       
outside measurem5t ( y\r "w %\ld be> to 

! daylight sizes ( ! op5+s t x has to   
fill4 ,i ?9k we may say t1 :atev] !     
m\ld+s may be on ! /one1 !re is always a
 flat piece at exact "r angles to ! face
 ( ! wall 9 :i* ! w9d[ /&s1 & x is 9 ?is
 flat piece t ! groove is cut to receive
 ! glass 7fig4 #dg74  ,illu/ration3     
,,fig4 #dg4  ,n[1 z ! glaz$ light has to
 fill ! daylight op5+1 !re mu/ obvi\sly 
be a piece beyond ! daylight size to g  
into ! /one4 ,by slipp+ ! glaz$ light 9 
sideways1 & ev51 9 l>ge lights1 by b5d+ 
x slightly into a b[1 y c j get into !  
/one a light an in*1 or ne>ly s1 wid]   
?an ! op5+2 b ! be/ way is to use an    
extra wide lead on ! outside ( y\r      
light1 & b5d back ! outside leaf ( x bo?
 front & back s t !y /& at "r angles to 
! surface ( ! glass 7fig4 #dh74 ,by ?is 
means y c r$uce ! size ( ! panel by     
almo/ #a_/d ( an in* on ea* side2 y c   
pu% ! panel !n1 )\t ei!r b5d+ or slant+ 
x mu*1 up to its groove2 &1 putt+ "o    
side z f> z x w g into ! groove1 y c b5d
 back aga9 into _! =m] place ! two      

leaves ( ! lead on ! opposite side2 & :5
 y h done t slide !m z f> z !y w g into 
_! groove1 & d ! same by ! opposite     
pair4 ,y w !n h ! panel 9 its groove1 ) 
ab\t #a_/d ( an in* to hold by & #a_/d (
 an in* ( lead %[+4 ,"s p fancy an      
objection to ?is2 p]haps 9 v small w9d[s
 x might look bett] to h ! glass flu% ) 
! /one2 b = myself ,i l to see a little 
%[+ ( t outside lead1 on to :i* s _m ( !
 leads t cross ! glass are fa/5$4       
,anyway y mu/ be> ! circum/ance 9 m9d 9 
fix+ d[n y\r /raight-edges to />t glaz+ 
! "w2 & t is :y ,i h made ?is digression
 by m5tion+ n[ some?+ t prop]ly belongs 
to fix+4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dh4  ,n[
 be=e beg9n+ to glaze y mu/ /ret* &     
/raight5 ! lead2 & ?is is done z foll[s 
7fig4 #di--;,frontispiece74  ,hold !    
calm ( lead 9 y\r left h&1 & run ! f+] &
 ?umb ( y\r "r h& d[n ! lead s z to get 
! core all "o way & n at all twi/$3 !n1 
hold+ "o end firmly "u y\r "r foot1 take
 tight hold ( ! o!r end ) y\r pli]s1 &  
pull ) ne>ly all y\r =ce 9 ! direction (

 y\r "r %\ld]4 ,take c>e n to pull 9 !  
direction ( y\r face2 = if y d1 & ! lead
 breaks1 y w break "s ( y\r features    
also4 ,x is v important to be c>eful t !
 lead is truly /raight & n askew1       
o!rwise1 :5 y use x 9 lead+1 ! glass w  
nev] keep flat4 ,! next op]ation is to  
op5 ! lead ) a piece ( h>d wood1 su* z  
boxwood or lignum-vitae 7fig4 #ej71 made
 to y\r fancy = ! purpose1 b some?+ l ! 
diagram1 :i* glazi]s call a la?yk9 7z ,i
 und]/& x74 ,= cutt+ ! lead y mu/ h a ?9
 knife ( good /eel4 ,"s use an old      
d9n]-knife1 "s a palette-knife cut      
d[n--ei!r squ>e across ! blade or at an 
angle--x is a matt] ( ta/e 7fig4 #ea74  
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ej4  ,illu/ration3
 ,,fig4 #ea4  ,hav+ laid d[n y\r leads  
,a & ,b 7fig4 #eb71 put 9 ! corn] piece 
( glass 7,no4 #a72 two ( its sides w !n 
be cov]$1 leav+ "o uncov]$4 ,take a /rip
 ( lead & b5d x r\nd ! uncov]$ edge1 &  
cut x (f at ,d1 s t ! end fits close &  
true aga9/ ! core ( lead ,a4 ,& y mu/   
take notice to cut ) a p]fectly v]tical 

cut1 o!rwise "o side w fit close & ! o!r
 w leave a gap4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4   
#eb4  ,9 fig4 #ec ,a repres5ts a good   
jo9t1 ,b a bad "o4 ,b5d x r\nd & cut x  
(f simil>ly at ,e4 ,common s5se w tell y
 t y mu/ get ! angle correct by m>k+ x )
 a slight incision ( ! knife 9 its place
 be=e y take x on to ! b5* = ! f9al cut4
  ,slip x 91 & pu% x 9 nice & tight1 &  
put 9 piece ,no4 #b4  ,illu/ration3     
,,fig4 #ec  ,b n[ look at y\r cut-l9e4  
,d y see t ! inn] edges ( pieces #b1 #c1
 & #d all run 9 a fairly smoo? curve1   
along :i* a cont9u\s piece ( lead w b5d 
q easily8 ,leave1 !n1 t edge1 & put 91  
fir/1 ! leads :i* divide ,no4 #b f ,no4 
#c1 & ,no4 #c f ,no4 #d4 ,n[ don't =get6
 ! long lead has to come along ! inside 
edges ( all ?ree2 s ! leaf ( x w ov]lap 
^? ?ree edges ne>ly #a_/h ( an in*      
7suppos+ y are us+ lead ( #a_/d in*     
dim5sion74 ,y mu/ !re=e cut ! two little
 bits we are n[ busy ^u #a_/h ( an in*  
%ort ( ! top edge ( ! glass 7fig4 #ed71 
= ! inside leads only meet ea* o!r2 x is

 only ! outside lead t ov]laps4         
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ed4  ,h[ ! ,loose 
,glass is held 9 its place :ile         
,lead+4--,?is is done ) nails driv5 into
 ! glaz+ table1 close up aga9/ ! edge ( 
! lead2 & ! be/ ( all = ! purpose are   
bootmak]s' la/+ nails2 !re=e no m ne$ be
 said ab\t ! matt]2 use no o!r 7fig4    
#ee74  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ee4  ,& y  
tap !m 9 ) two or ?ree %>p taps2 n ( a  
hamm]1 = y d n want to wa/e "t tak+ up a
 fre% tool1 b ) ! end ( y\r lead+-knife 
:i* is call$ a /opp+-knife 7fig4 #ef71 &
 :i* lead work]s g5]ally make = !mselves
 out ( an oy/]-knife1 by b5d+ ! blade to
 a conv5i5t work+ angle = manipulat+ !  
lead1 & grav+ out l9es 9 ! l[] "p ( !   
h&le1 into :i* !y run sold]1 t]m9at+ x 9
 a solid lump at ! butt-end :i* =ms an  
excell5t sub/itute = a hamm]4           
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ef4  ,n[ z soon z 
y h got ! bits #a1 #b1 #c1 #d 9 _!      
places1 ) ! leads ,f1 ,g & ,h1 ,i betwe5
 !m1 y c take out ! nails along ! l9e   
,k1 ,f1 ,h1 ,m1 "o by "o z y come to !m1

 />t+ f ,k2 & put along t l9e "o lead   
enclos+ ! :ole lot1 replac+ ! nails     
outside x to keep all firm z y "w2 & y  
mu/ note t y %\ld look out =            
opportunities to d ?is always1 :5ev] !re
 is a long l9e ( ! cut-l9e )\t any      
abrupt corn]s 9 x4 ,y w ?us save y\rself
 ! cutt+ 7& aft]w>ds ! sold]+7 (        
unnecess>y jo9ts2 = x is always good to 
save lab\r :]e y c )\t h>m to ! "w2 & 9 
?is case ! "w is all ! bett] = x4  ,n[1 
:5 y h ?us cont9u$ ! lead+ all ! way    
across ! panel1 put on ! o!r outside    
lead1 & s "w on to a f9i%4  ,:5 !       
opposite1 outside lead is put on1 remove
 ! nails & take ano!r /raight-edge & put
 x aga9/ ! lead1 & knock x up by hitt+ !
 /raight-edge until y get x to ! exact  
size2 at ! same "t tak+ y\r set-squ>e & 
te/+ ! corn]s to see t all is at "r     
angles4  ,leave n[ ! panel 9 its place1 
) ! /raight-edges /ill enclos+ x1 &     
sold] (f ! jo9ts4     ,,*apt] ,,xi      
,sold]+--,h&l+ ! ,lead$                 
,panel--,cem5t+--,recipe =              

,cem5t--,! ,bru%--,division ( ,long     
,lights into ,sections--,h[      ,jo9$  
:5 ,fix$--,b&+--,fix+--,*ipp+ out ! ,old
      ,glaz+--,ins]t+ ! ,new & ,cem5t+4 
,if ! leads h got t>ni%$ y may bru% !m  
ov] ) ! wire bru% 7fig4 #eg71 :i*       
glazi]s call a scrat*-c>d2 b ?is is a   
wret*$ bus9ess & ne$ nev] be resort$ to 
if y "w ) good lead & "w fre% & fre%1 & 
f9i% z y g1 n lett+ ! "w lie ab\t & get 
/ale4 ,take an old-fa%ion$ tall[ dip    
c&le1 & put a little pat* ( ! grease ov]
 ea* jo9t1 ei!r by rubb+ ! c&le itself  
on x1 or by melt+ "s ( x 9 a saucepan & 
apply+ x ) a bru%4 ,!n take y\r         
sold]+-iron 7fig4 #eh7 & get x to !     
prop] heat1 :i* y mu/ le>n by practice1 
& proce$ to t9 x by rubb+ x on a %eet ( 
t9 ) a little sold] on x1 & also "s res9
 & a little glass-du/1 until ! bit 7:i* 
is ( copp]7 has a bright t9 face4 ,!n1  
hold+ ! /ick ( sold] 9 ! left h&1 put ! 
end ( x d[n close to ! jo9t y wi% to    
sold]1 & put ! end ( ! iron aga9/ x1    
bit+ (f z x 71 b really melt+ (f1 a     

little bit1 :i* w =m a liquid drop ^u ! 
jo9t4 ,spread ?is drop s z to seal up ! 
jo9t nice & smoo? & ev51 & ! ?+ is done4
 ,repeat ) all ! jo9ts2 !n turn ! panel 
ov] & d ! opposite side4  ,illu/ration3 
,,fig4 #eg4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #eh4  
,h[ to ,h&le ,lead$ ,lights4--,i said   
turn ! panel ov]4 ,b t br+s to m9d a    
caution t y ne$ ab\t ! h&l+ ( lead$     
lights4 ,y mu/ n--z ,i once saw a man   
d--/>t to hold !m z a wait] does a tray4
 ,y mu/ note t ?9 glass 9 ! %eet & also 
lead$ lights1 especially be=e cem5t+1   
are n rigid1 & _c be h&l$ z if !y 7     
panels ( wood2 y mu/ take c>e1 :5 c>ry+ 
!m1 or :5 !y lean aga9/ ! wall1 to keep 
!m z ne>ly upright z !y w safely /&1 & !
 inside "o lean+ aga9/ a bo>d1 & n be>+ 
its own weight4 ,& 9 lay+ !m on ! b5* or
 9 lift+ !m (f x1 y mu/ fir/ place !m s 
t ! middle l9e ( !m corresponds ) ! edge
 ( ! b5*1 or table1 & !n turn !m on t z 
an axis1 quickly1 s t !y d n be> _! own 
weight long] ?an necess>y 7figs4 #ei &  
#fj74  ,h[ to ,cem5t a ,lead$           

,light4--,! next process is ! cem5t+ ( !
 light s z to fill up ! grooves ( ! lead
 & make all wea!r-pro(4 ,?is is done ) a
 mixture compos$ z foll[s3-- ,:it5+1    
#b_/c to pla/] ( ,p>is #a_/c2 add a     
mixture ( equal quantities ( boil$      
l9se$-oil & _s ( turp5t9e to make a pa/e
 ab\t z ?ick z treacle4 ,add a little r$
 lead to help to h>d5 x1 "s pat5t dry]  
to cause x to dry1 & lamp-black to      
col\r4  ,?is mu/ be put 9 pl5ty on to ! 
surface ( ! panel & well scrubb$ into ! 
jo9ts ) a h>d fibre bru%2 an ord9>y     
co>se grass bru% or bass bru%1 ) wood5  
back1 z sold = scrubb+ bru%es at ! oil  
%ops1 us$ 9 all directions s z to rub ! 
/uff into e jo9t4  ,b y mu/ note t if y 
h plat$ 7i4e4 d\bl$7 any ( ! glass y    
mu/1 be=e cem5t+1 putty ^? places4      
,o!rwise ! cem5t may probably run 9     
betwe5 ! two1 produc+ blot*es :i* y h no
 means ( rea*+ 9 ord] to remove !m4     
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ei4  ,y c1 if y l1
 clean away all ! cem5t along ! edges ( 
! leads2 b x is q easy to be too precise

 & neat 9 ! matt] & make ! "w look h>d4 
,if y d x1 a blunt$ awl w s]ve y\r turn4
  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fj4  ,"o _h     
bett] m5tion ev]y?+1 & !re=e ,i w "h say
 t1 ( c\rse1 a l>ge light mu/ be made 9 
sections2 & ^! %\ld n exce$ f\r feet 9  
height1 & less is bett]4 ,9 fix+ ^! 9 _!
 place :5 ! w9d[ is put up 7an extra    
wide flat lead be+ us$ at ! top & bottom
 ( ea* section71 !y are made to ov]lap2 
& if y wi% ! :ole dra9age ( ! w9d[ to   
pass into ! build+1 ( c\rse y w put y\r 
section ?us--7fig4 #fa ,a72 :ile if y   
wi% ! "w to be wea!r-tight y w place x  
?us--7fig4 #fa ,b74 ,x is j z well to   
make e "q cle> if "o c1 & !re=e ,i      
m5tion ?is4 ,mo/ p l _! w9d[s           
wea!r-tight1 &1 ( c\rse1 w make !       
ov]lapp+ lead ! top "o2 b x's a free    
c\ntry1 & ,i don't pret5d to dictate1   
cont5t if ,i make ! situation cle> to y1
 leav+ y to deal ) x accord+ to y\r own 
fancy4 ,all is n[ done except ! b&+4    
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fa ,a4            
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fa ,b4  ,h[ to ,b&

 a ,lead$ ,light4--,b&+ means ! putt+ on
 ( ! little ties ( copp] wire by :i* !  
w9d[ has to be held to ! iron crossb>s t
 keep x 9 its place4 ,^! ties are simply
 %ort l5g?s ( copp] wire1 g5]ally ab\t  
f\r in*es long1 b v>y+1 ( c\rse1 ) !    
size ( ! b> t y mean to use2 & ^! are to
 be sold]$ v]tically 7fig4 #fb7 on to ! 
face ( ! light at any conv5i5t places   
along ! l9e :]e ! b> w cross4 ,9 fix+ ! 
w9d[1 ^! wires are to be pull$ tight    
r\nd ! b> & twi/$ up ) pli]s1 & ! twi/$ 
end knock$ d[n flat & neat aga9/ ! b>4  
,& ?is is ! v la/ op]ation 9 ! mak+ ( a 
/a9$-glass w9d[4 ,x n[ only rema9s to   
in/ruct y z to :at relates to ! fix+ ( x
 9 its place4  ,h[ to ,fix a ,w9d[ 9 its
 ,place4--,!re is1 almo/ always1 a      
groove 9 ! /onework to receive ! glass2 
&1 except 9 ! case ( an unf9i%$ build+1 
?is is1 ( c\rse1 occupi$ by "s =m ( pla9
 glaz+4 ,y mu/ remove ?is by *ipp+ out )
 a small mason's *isel ! cem5t ) :i* x  
is fix$ 9 ! groove1 & common s5se w tell
 y to beg9 at ! bottom & "w upw>ds4 ,?is

 done1 untwi/ ! copp] b&s f ! b>s & put 
y\r own glass 9 its place1 re-fix+ ! b>s
 7or new ones7 9 ! places y h det]m9$ on
 to suit y\r design & to support !      
glass1 & fix+ y\r glass to !m 9 ! way   
describ$1 & po9t+ ! :ole ) good cem5t4  
,! me?od ( ins]t+ ! new glass is        
describ$ at p4 #ace4  ,illu/ration3     
,,fig4 #fb4  ,b t x is good = a man to  
feel ! satisfaction ( kn[+ 8 craft      
?or\ghly !re w\ld be no ne$ to g into   
?is1 :i*1 aft] all1 is p>tly masons' "w4
 ,b ,i1 = my "p1 _c und]/& ! _s ( an    
arti/ :o applies 8 art to a craft       
purpose & has n1 at lea/1 a /rong wi% to
 "k all t p]ta9s to x4     ,,"p ,,ii    
,,*apt] ,,xii       ,introductory--,!   
,great                                  
,que/ions--,col\r--,light--,ar*itectural
                                        
,fitness--,limitations--,?\ght--,imag9at
ion--,allegory4   ,! =ego+ has be5      
writt5 z a h&book to use at ! b5*1 &    
!re=e ,i h tri$ to keep myself /rictly  
to describ+ ! actual processes & !      

ord9>y practice & r\t9e ( /a9$-glass "w4
  ,b c we leave ! subject "h8  ,if we 7 
speak+ ( ev5 ! smalle/ ( ! m9or arts &  
crafts1 we %\ld wi% to say some?+ ( :y  
!y are practis$ & h[ !y %\ld be         
practis$1 ( ! pr9ciples t guide !m1 ( ! 
_s 9 :i* !y %\ld be und]tak51 ( ! place 
!y occupy 9 human affairs & 9 our life  
on e>?4 ,h[ mu* m !n 9 an ,art l ?is1   
:i* so>s to ! highe/ !mes1 :i* d>es to  
treat1 :i* is requir$ to treat1 ( ?+s   
,heav5ly & ,e>?ly1 ( ! laws ( ,god1 & ( 
! nature1 duty1 & de/9ies ( man2 & n    
only s1 b mu/ treat ( ^! ?+s 9          
connection )1 & 9 subs]vi5ce to1 ! great
 & dom9ant ,art ( ,ar*itecture8  ,we mu/
 n %r9k1 !n1 f say+ all t is 9 our m9d3 
we mu/ ask ourselves ! great que/ions ( 
all art4 ,we mu/ inve/igate ! ,h[ ( !m1 
& ev5 face ! ,:y4  ,!re=e "h 7h[ev] h>d 
x be to d x7 some?+ mu/ be said ( su*   
great g5]al pr9ciples z ^? ( col\r1 (   
light1 ( ar*itectural fitness1 (        
limitations1 ( ?\ght & imag9ation &     
allegory2 = all ^! ?+s belong to        

/a9$-glass "w1 & x is ! "r or wrong use 
( ^! high ?+s t makes w9d[s to be good  
or to be bad4  ,let u1 de> /ud5t1 take !
 simple/ ?+s fir/1 n because !y are !   
easie/ 7?\gh !y p]haps are s71 b because
 !y w gradually1 ,i hope1 w>m up our    
wits to ! po9t ( consid]+ ^! matt]s1 & s
 prep>e ! way = :at is h>de/ ( all4  ,& 
,i ?9k a good subject to beg9 ) is t (  
,economy g5]ally1 tak+ into consid]ation
 bo? "t & mat]ials4     ,,*apt] ,,xiii  
,( ,economy--,! ,engli%man's            
,wa/efulness--,its ,good ,side--,its    
,excess--,difficulties--,a              
,calculation--,rem$ies4   ,^? :o "k "w 9
 v>i\s c\ntries mu/ surely h arriv$ at !
 conclusion t ! ,engli%man is ! mo/     
wa/eful be+ on ! face ( ! globe6 ,he    
only ?9ks ( gett+ ?r\gh ! "w1 or :atev] 
x may be1 t he has purpos$ to himself1  
atta9+ ! end imm$iately 9 view 9 !      
spe$ie/ mann] possible )\t reg>d to     
any?+ else1 lavi% ( himself & ( ! /uff  
he works )4 ,! picture drawn by ,rob]t  
,l\is ,/ev5son 9 ,treasure ,isl& ( ,john

 ,silv] & 8 pirates1 :5 ab\t to />t on  
_! exp$ition1 ?r[+ ! rema9d] ( _!       
breakfa/ on ! biv\ac fire1 c>eless :5ce 
fre% supplies might come1 is ,engli% all
 ov]4 ,?is is ! "* ( ! race4 ,x has its 
good side1 ?is gr& disda9--x w9s        
,battles1 ,victoria ,crosses1 ,humane   
,society's m$als1 & o!r ?+s well wor? ! 
w9n+2 br+s into port _m a %ip t w\ld    
else be lo/ or ab&on$1 &1 ye> 91 ye>    
out1 s5ds to sea ! lifeboats on our     
re/less l9e ( coa/4 ,x w\ld be some?+   
preci\s inde$ t w\ld be wor? ! loss ( x2
 b !re is a m$ium 9 all ?+s1 & :5 a ma/]
 sees--z "o n[ at re/ once told me he   
(t5 _h se5--a cutt] draw 8 diamond d[n a
 bit ( ! m>g9 out ( :i* he _h j cut 8   
piece1 9 ord] to make x small en\gh to  
?r[ away1 )\t be+ a%am$1 "u ! b5*1 he   
mu/ sometimes1 ,i %\ld ?9k1 wi% ! man 7 
employ$ on "s w>like or adv5tur\s trade1
 & t he _h a ,holl&] or ,italian 9 8    
place1 :o w\ld make a :ole w9d[ out (   
:at ! o!r ca/s away4  ,at ! same "t1 x  
mu/ be confess$ t ?is is a v difficult  

matt] to arrange2 & x is only fair to ! 
workman to admit t "u exi/+ conditions (
 "w & dem&1 & ev5 9 _m cases ( ! build+s
 9 :i* ! "w is done1 ! way does n seem  
cle> to h ! :ole ( :at might be wi%$ 9  
?is matt]4 ,i w po9t out ! difficulties 
aga9/ x4  ,fir/1 unless "s sy/em c\ld be
 inv5t$ by :i* ! am\nt ( glass issu$ to 
any workman c\ld be comp>$ easily &     
simply ) ! area ( glaz$ "w cut f x1 !   
workman has no inducem5t to economise2  
=1 no record be+ kept ( ! glass sav$1 he
 kn[s t he w get no cr$it by sav+1 :ile 
! extra "t t he sp5ds on economy w make 
him seem a sl[] workman1 & s he w\ld be 
blam$4  ,!n1 aga91 x is impossible to   
see ! col\r ( glass z x lies on ! b5*2  
he has little *oice b to cut ea* piece  
out ( ! l>ge %eet2 = if he got a clutt] 
( small bits r\nd him till he happ5$ to 
want a small bit1 he w\ld nev] be able  
to get on4  ,!re is no use1 obs]ve1 9   
niggl+ & *eese-p>+4 ,!re %\ld be a j    
balance made betwe5 ! respective values 
( ! man's "t & ! mat]ial on :i* x is    

sp5t2 & to ?is end ,i n[ give "s        
calculations to %[ ^!--calculations r   
/>tl+1 consid]$ 9 ! light ( :at "o kn[s 
( ! ord9>y practices & me?ods4  ,!      
antique glasses us$ 9 /a9$-glass "w v>y 
9 price f #as4 a foot to #es41 ! weight 
p] foot be+ ab\t #cb oz4  ,! wage ( !   
workm5 :o h to deal ) ?is co/ly mat]ial 
v>ies f #h;d4 to #as4 p] h\r4  ,! price 
( ! same glass ?r[n "u ! b5*1 & kn[n z  
cullet1 is ,l#a p] ,,ton4  ,let u n[ d a
 little simple ari?metic1 :i*1 besides  
its lesson to ! work]s1 may1 ,i ?9k1    
come z a revelation ev5 to "s employ]s  
:o1 cont5t ) gett+ "w done quickly1 may 
h h>dly realis$ ! price paid = t        
privilege4                       #a ton 
#bj cwt4                            x   
#d                              --      
#hj qrs4                            x   
#bh                             ---     
#fdj   #cb oz4  #b lb41          #afj   
-----            !re=e _/  #b7 #bbdj    
lbs4                           -----    
#aabj  numb] ( squ>e feet 9 a ton4  ,!  

wor? ( ?is at #as4 a foot 7:ites7 is3-- 
_/ #bj7 #aabj 7 ,l#ef ,,p] ,,ton4       
#ajj                           ----     
#abj                             #abj   
,at #bs4 #f;d4 p] foot 7! be/ (         
pot-metal blues1 & rubies g5]ally73--   
#ef                                #ef  
#bh                               ---   
#b-a_/b times #ef  #adj        ,l#adj   
,,p] ,,ton4  ,at #es4 a foot 7gold-p9k1 
& pale p9k1 v5etian1 & *oice glasses    
g5]ally73--                             
#ef                           x     #e  
---                              ,l#bhj 
,,p] ,,ton4  ,!re=e ^! glasses are wor? 
respectively--#ef times1 #adj times1 &  
#bhj times z mu* ^u ! b5* z !y are :5   
?r[n bel[ x6 ,& yet ,i ask y--employ] or
 employ$--is x n ! case t1 (t5--%all we 
n say g5]ally8--9 any giv5 job z mu*    
goes bel[ z rema9s above if ! "w is 9   
fairly small pieces8 ,is n ! accompany+ 
diagram a fair illu/ration 7fig4 #fc7 ( 
ab\t ! av]age relation ( ! %ape cut to  
its m>g9 ( wa/e8  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4  

#fc4  ,employ]s e/imate ?is wa/e        
v>i\sly4 ,i h he>d x plac$ z high z     
two-?irds2 t is to say1 t ! glass1 :5   
lead$ up1 only measur$ "o-?ird ( !      
mat]ial us$1 or1 9 o!r words1 t !       
workman _h wa/$ twice z mu* z he us$4   
,?is1 ,i admit1 0 told me 9 my "* z     
cu/om]1 & by way ( expla9+ :at ,i       
consid]$ a high *>ge = "w2 b ,i suppose 
t no "o ) exp]i5ce ( /a9$-glass "w w\ld 
be dispos$ to place ! am\nt ( wa/e l[]  
?an "o-half4  ,n[ a good cutt] w take   
betwe5 two & ?ree h\rs to cut a squ>e   
foot ( av]age /a9$-glass "w1 fairly     
simple & l>ge 9 scale2 t is to say1     
suppos+ 8 pay "o %ill+ an h\r--:i* is   
ab\t ! top price--! mat]ial he deals )  
is ab\t ! same value z 8 "t if he is us+
 ! *eape/ glasses only4 ,if ?is !n is ! 
case :5 ! highe/-pric$ lab\r is deal+   
only ) ! l[e/-pric$ mat]ial1 we may     
assume x z ! g5]al rule = /a9$-glass    
cutt+1 on ! av]age1 t lab\r is less     
co/ly ?an ! mat]ial on :i* x is sp5t1 & 
,i w\ld ev5 say mu* less co/ly4  ,b x is

 n to be suppos$ t ! little m c>e 9     
avoid+ wa/e :i* ,i am advocat+ w\ld     
r$uce 8 spe$ ( "w m ?an w\ld be         
repres5t$ by two p5ce or ?ree p5ce an   
h\r4  ,b ,i fe> t all sugge/ions z to   
mitigat+ ?is /ate ( ?+s are ( little    
use4 ,! rem$y is to play into ea* o!r's 
h&s by becom+1 all ( u1 complete1       
all-r\nd craftsm52 break+ d[n all !     
unnatural & h>mful b>ri]s t exi/ betwe5 
arti/s & workm51 & s fitt+ ourselves to 
take an intellig5t int]e/ 9 bo? !       
arti/ic & economic side ( our "w4  ,!   
possibility ( ?is all dep5ds on !       
p]sonal relations & p]sonal influ5ce 9  
any p>ticul> %op--& employ]s & employ$  
mu/ worry ! "q out betwe5 !m4 ,i am     
cont5t ) po9t+ out ! facts4     ,,*apt] 
,,xiv       ,( ,p]fection--,9 ,little   
,?+s--,cleanl9ess--,al]tness--,b n      
,hurry--,realis+ y\r ,conditions--,false
 ,lead-,l9es--,%utt+ out                
,light--,b>s--,_! ,numb]--,_!           
,importance--,prec$5ce--,obs]v+      y\r
 ,limitations--,a ,result ( ,complete   

,tra9+--,! ,special      ,limitations ( 
,/a9$-,glass--,disguis+ !               
,lead-,l9e--,no full      ,realism--,no 
viol5t ,action--,self-,effacem5t--,no   
,craft-,juggl]y--,ar*itectural ,fitness 
f\nd$ on ,ar*itectural      ,k--,see+   
,"w 9 ,situ--,sket*+ 9 ,glass--,!       
,arti/ic      ,use ( ! ,lead--,/epp+    
,back--,accept+ ,b>s & ,leads--,lov+    
,c>e--,:ite ,spaces to be               
,int]e/+--,br++ out ! ,quality (      ! 
,glass--,spott+ &                       
,dappl+--,build]s-,glaz+ v]sus          
,mod]n ,re/or+4  ,! second "q ( pr9ciple
 t ,i w\ld dwell ^u is t ( p]fection4   
,e op]ation 9 ! arts %\ld be p]fect4 ,x 
has to be s 9 mo/ arts1 f viol9-play+ to
 circus-rid+1 be=e ! arti/ d>e make 8 b[
 to ! public4  ,plac+ on "o side ! "q ( 
! high] grades ( art :i* dep5d ^u       
special tal5t or g5ius--! great         
qualities ( imag9ation1 composition1 =m 
& col\r1 :i* belong to ma/]%ip--,i w\ld 
n[1 9 ?is book1 int5d$ = /ud5ts1 dwell  
^u ^? m9or ?+s1 ! do+ ( :i* well or ill 

dep5ds only ^u good-w1 pati5ce1 &       
indu/ry4  ,anyone c wa% a bru% clean2   
any "o c keep ! col\r on 8 palette neat2
 c gr9d x all up ea* "t x is us$2 c cov]
 x ov] ) a bas9 or sauc] :5 8 "w is ov]2
 & yet ^! ?+s are (t5 neglect$1 ?\gh s  
easy to d4 ,! pa9t] w neglect to wa% out
 8 bru%2 & x w be clogg$ ) pigm5t & gum1
 get dry1 & /ick to ! palette1 & ! po9ts
 ( ! hair w te> & break :5 x is remov$  
aga9 by ! same c>eless h& t left x !re4 
,ano!r w leave portions ( 8 col\r1 cak$ 
& dry1 at ! edges ( 8 palette = weeks1  
till all is /ale2 & !n1 :5 ! _s moves   
him1 w "s day "w ?is 91 full ( dirt &   
du/1 ) ! fre%] col\r4 ,ev]y?+1 ev]y?+   
%\ld be done well6 ,f ! highe/ =ms (    
pa9t+ to ty+ up a p>cel or wa%+ out a   
bru%2--all tools %\ld be clean at all   
times1 ! h&les z well z ! hair--!re is  
no excuse = ! rev]se2 & if y\r tools are
 dirty1 x is by ! same defect ( y\r "* t
 w make y slov5ly 9 y\r "w4 ,pa9t+ does 
n dem& ! same actual swiftness z "s o!r 
arts2 nev]!less ea* t\* t y place ^u !  

glass1 ?\gh x may be delib]ate1 %\ld be 
deft1 a?letic1 p]fect 9 itself2 ! n]ves 
brac$1 ! att5tion ke51 & ! p[]s ( s\l & 
body z mu* on ! al]t z !y w\ld ne$ to be
 9 viol9-play+1 f5c+1 or dissect+4  ,?is
 is n to advocate hurry4 ,t is ano!r    
matt] altoge!r1 = :i* also !re is no    
excuse4 ,nev] hurry1 or ask an assi/ant 
to hurry4 ,w9d[s are delay$1 ev5        
promises brok5 7?\gh t c sc>ce be       
def5d$71 !re may be ire 9 cele/ial m9ds2
 b t is all =gott5 :5 we are dead2 & we 
soon %all be1 b n ! w9d[4  ,ano!r ?+ to 
note1 :i* applies g5]ally ?r\gh\t all   
practice1 is ! wisdom1 ( gett+ z ne> z y
 c to y\r conditions4 ,= in/ance1 ! bits
 ( glass 9 a w9d[ are sep>at$ by lead   
l9es2 pit*-black1 !re=e1 aga9/ ! light (
 day outside4 ,n[1 :5 wax$ up on ! plate
 9 ! %op = pa9t+1 ^! w be sep>at$ by ?9 
cracks ( light1 & 9 ?is condition !y are
 usually pa9t$4 ,c't y d bett] ?an t8   
,don't y ?9k x's wor? :ile sp5d+        
half-an-h\r to pa9t false lead l9es on !
 back ( ! plate8 ,a ha'p'or? (          

lamp-black f ! oil-%op1 ) a little wat] 
& treacle & a long-hair$ bru%1 l a      
coa*-pa9t]'s1 w d x = y 7see ,plate     
,,xiii474  ,ano!r ?+3 :5 ! w9d[ is 9 its
 place1 ea* light w be surr\nd$ ) /one  
or brick1 :i*1 al?\gh n s black z ! lead
 l9es1 w tell z a /rong d>k aga9/ !     
glass4 ,see !re=e t :ile y are pa9t+1   
y\r glass is surr\nd$ by d>k1 or at any 
rate n by cle>1 glitt]+ light4 ,/rips ( 
br[n pap]1 p9n$ d[n ! sides ( ! light y 
are pa9t+1 w get ! ?+ q ne> to its      
future conditions4  ,z y h be5 told1 !  
"w is fix$ 9 its place by b>s ( iron1 & 
^! ought by no means to be despis$ or   
ignor$ or disguis$1 z if !y 7 a         
tr\blesome necessity3 y mu/ accept fully
 & will+ly ! conditions ( y\r craft2 y  
mu/ pride y\rself ^u s accept+ !m1 kn[+ 
t !y are ! :olesome *ecks ^u y\r lib]ty 
& ! prop] b\nd>ies ( ! field 9 :i* y h  
y\r appo9t$ "w4 ,!re %\ld1 9 any light m
 ?an a foot wide1 be b>s at e foot      
?r\gh\t ! l5g? ( ! light2 & ^! b>s %\ld 
be #a_/b in*1 #c_/d in*1 or #a in* 9    

section1 accord+ to ! weight ( ! "w4 ,! 
"q !n arises3 ,%\ld ! b>s be set out 9  
_! places on ! pap]1 be=e y beg9 to draw
 ! c>toon1 or %\ld y be p]fectly free & 
unfett]$ 9 ! draw+ & !n make ! b>s fit 9
 aft]w>ds1 by mov+ !m up & d[n z may be 
ne$$ to avoid cutt+ across ! faces1 h&s1
 c4  ,i f9d m difficulty 9 answ]+ ?is   
?an any o!r te*nical "q 9 ?is book4 ,i d
 n ?9k x c be answ]$ ) a h>d & fa/ ,yes 
or ,no4 ,x dep5ds on ! circum/ances ( ! 
case4 ,b ,i incl9e t[>ds ! side ( mak+ x
 ! rule to put ! b>s 9 fir/1 & adapt !  
composition to !m4 ,y may ?9k ?is a     
surpris+ view = an arti/ to take4       
,surely1 y w say1 t is putt+ ! c>t be=e 
! horse1 & mak+ ! m important ?+ give   
way to ! less6 ,b my feel+ is t         
reasonable limitations ( any k9d ought  
nev] to be consid]$ z h9drances 9 a "w (
 art4 ,!y are "p ( ! problem1 & x is    
only a _s ( dang]\s lic5se :i* w consid]
 !m z bonds1 or w f9d !m irksome1 or wi%
 to break !m ?r\gh4 ,/a9$-glass is n an 
indep5d5t art4 ,x is an accessory to    

ar*itecture1 & any limitations impos$ by
 /ructure & ar*itectural propriety or   
necessity are mo/ gravely to be consid]$
 & n lightly laid on "o side4 ,& 9 ?is  
connection x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! b>s _c 
be made to g any:]e to fit a freely     
design$ composition3 !y mu/ be          
approximately at c]ta9 di/ances on      
acc\nt ( use2 & !y mu/ be arrang$ )     
reg>d to ea* o!r 9 ! :ole ( ! w9d[ on   
acc\nt ( appe>ance4  ,y might inde$ f9d 
t1 9 any s+le light1 x is q easy to     
arrange !m at prop] & s]viceable        
di/ances1 )\t cutt+ across ! heads or   
h&s ( ! figures2 b x is t5 *ances to "o 
t y c get !m to d s1 & /ill be level )  
ea* o!r1 ?r\gh\t a numb] ( lights side  
by side4  ,! be/ plan1 ,i ?9k1 is to set
 !m out on ! side ( ! c>toon-pap] be=e y
 beg91 b n s z to notice !m2 !n fir/    
r\ghly /rike out ! position y\r mo/     
important gr\ps or figures are to       
occupy1 &1 be=e y g on ) ! s]i\s "w (   
draw+1 see if ! b>s cut awkw>dly1 &1 if 
!y d1 :e!r a slight %ift+ ( !m w cle>   

all ! important p>ts2 x (t5 w1 & !n all 
is well2 b ,i d n %r9k f slightly alt]+ 
ev5 ! position ( a head or h&1 r ?an    
give a lab\r$ look to :at ought to be   
simple & /raight=w>d by coax+ ! b>s up &
 d[n all ov] ! w9d[ to fit 9 ) ! num]\s 
heads & h&s4  ,if1 by ! way1 ,i see fit 
9 any case to adopt ! o!r plan1 & make  
my composition fir/1 plac+ ! b>s        
aft]w>ds to suit x1 ,i nev] all[ myself 
to %ift !m f ! level t is conv5i5t &    
reasonable = any?+ except a head2 ,i    
pref] ev5 t !y %\ld cut across a h&1 =  
in/ance1 r ?an t !y %\ld be plac$ at    
inconv5i5t int]vals to avoid x4  ,!     
pr9ciple ( obs]v+ y\r limitations is1 ,i
 d n hesitate to say1 ! mo/ important1 &
 f> ! mo/ important1 ( all pr9ciples    
guid+ ! work] 9 ! "r practis+ ( any     
craft4  ,! next 9 importance to x is !  
"r ex]cise ( all legitimate fre$om )9 ^?
 limitations4 ,i place !m 9 ?is ord]1   
because x is bett] to /op %ort1 by      
n9e-t5?s1 ( "r lib]ty1 ?an to take      
"o-t5? ( wrong lic5se4 ,b by rights !   

two ?+s %\ld g toge!r1 &1 ) ! requisite 
skill & tra9+ to use !m1 con/itute inde$
 ! :ole ( ! practice ( a craft4  ,mod]n 
division ( lab\r is mu* aga9/ bo? ( ^!  
?+s1 ! obs]vance ( :i* *>ms u s 9 !     
anci5t ,go?ic ,art ( ! ,middle ,ages4   
,=1 s9ce ^? days1 ! craft has nev] be5  
taught z a :ole4 ,read]6 ?is book _c    
tea* x y--no book1 c2 b x c make y--& x 
0 writt5 ) ! sole object ( mak+ y--wi%  
to be taught x1 & det]m9e to be taught  
x1 if y int5d to practise /a9$-glass "w 
at all4  ,mod]n /a9$-glass "w is done by
 num]\s h&s1 ea* tra9$ 9 a special      
skill--to design1 or to pa9t1 or to cut1
 or to glaze1 or to fire1 or to cem5t--b
 none are taught to d all2 v few are    
taught to d m ?an "o or two4 ,h[1 !n1 c 
any ei!r use rightful lib]ty or obs]ve  
rightful limitations8 ,!y d n "k _!     
craft1 ^u :i* ^! ?+s dep5d4 ,& obs]ve h[
 completely also ^! two ?+s dep5d ^u ea*
 o!r4 ,y may be rightly free1 because y 
h rightly le>nt ob$i5ce2 y "k y\r       
limitations1 &1 !re=e1 y may be tru/$ to

 ?9k1 & feel1 & act = y\rself4  ,?is is 
:at makes old glass1 & inde$ all old    
art1 s full ( life1 s full ( int]e/1 s  
full ( enjoym5t--9 places1 & "r places1 
s full ev5 ( fun4 ,d y ?9k ! *>m+       
grotesques t fill up e nook & corn]     
sometimes 9 ! m9or detail ( m$iaeval    
glass or c>v+ c\ld ev] be done by !     
me?od ( a sup]ior p]son mak+ a draw+ (  
!m1 & an inf]ior p]son labori\sly       
translat+ !m 9 facsimile into ! mat]ial8
 ,!y are :at !y are because !y 7 !      
spontane\s & all[$ lic5se & play ( a    
craftsman :o knew 8 craft1 & c\ld be    
tru/$ to use x wisely1 at any rate 9 all
 m9or matt]s4   ,,! ,,limitations ,,(   
,,/a9$-,,glass4  ,! limitations (       
/a9$-glass c only be le>nt at ! b5*1 &  
by ye>s ( pati5t practice & docile      
s]vice2 b x may be well to m5tion "s (  
!m4  ,y mu/ n disguise y\r lead l9e4 ,y 
mu/ accept x will+ly1 z a limitation (  
y\r craft1 & make x contribute to !     
beauty ( ! :ole4  ,b ,i h a light to d (
 ! ',good ,%eph]d1' & ,i want a l&scape 

& sky1 & h[ ugly lead l9es look 9 a     
pale-blue sky6 ,i get !m l %apes ( cl\d1
 & /ill x cuts ! sky up till x looks l  
'r&om-rubble' masonry4 ,!re=e l>ge      
spaces ( pale sky are taboo1 !y w n d = 
glass1 & y mu/ modify y\r :ole outlook1 
y\r :ole composition1 to suit :at w d4  
,if y mu/ h sky1 x mu/ be l a ,titian   
sky--deep blue1 ) well-def9$ masses (   
cl\d--& y mu/ ?r[ to ! w9ds resolutely  
all idea ( attempt+ to imitate ! s(tness
 ( an ,engli% sky2 & ev5 !n x mu/ n be 9
 a l>ge mass3 y c always break x up )   
bran*$-"w ( trees1 or ) build+s4  ,!re  
%\ld be no full realism ( any k9d4  ,no 
viol5t action mu/ ass]t itself 9 a w9d[4
  ,i d n say t !re mu/ n1 9 any         
circum/ances1 be any viol5t action--!   
subject may dem& x2 b1 if s1 x mu/ be s 
disguis$ by ! craftsman%ip ( ! "w1 or   
treat$ s decoratively1 or s mix$ up ) ! 
backgr\nd or surr\nd+s1 t y d n see a   
figure 9 viol5t action />t+ prom95tly   
out f ! w9d[ z y /& 9 ! *ur*4 ,b1 aft]  
all1 ?is is a ?+ ( arti/ic s5se &       

discretion1 & no rules c be =mulat$4 ,! 
,p>!non frieze is ( figures 9 rapid     
movem5t4 ,yet :at repose6 ,& 9          
/a9$-glass y mu/ aim at repose4         
,rememb]1--x is an accessory to         
ar*itecture2 & :o is !re t does n want  
repose 9 ar*itecture8 ,"n me a great    
build+ :i* does n possess x8 ,h[ !      
ar*itects mu/ turn 9 _! graves1 or1 if  
liv+1 %ake 9 _! %oes1 :5 !y see !       
/a9$-glass man turn$ into _! build+s1 to
 display himself & spread himself abroad
 & bl[ 8 trumpet6  ,efface y\rself1 my  
fri5d2 s9k y\rself2 illu/rate ! build+2 
consid] its l9es & lights & %ades2 enri*
 x1 complete x1 make p happi] to be 9 x4
  ,!re mu/ be no craft-juggl]y 9        
/a9$-glass4  ,! art mu/ set ! craft     
simple problems2 x mu/ n set tasks t c  
only be accompli%$ by trick]y or by     
great ef=t1 disproportion$ to !         
importance ( ! result4 ,b1 inde$1 y w   
naturally get ! habit ( work+ accord+ to
 ?is rule1 & o!r reasonable rules1 if y 
y\rself "w at ! b5*--all lies 9 t4  ,!re

 mu/ be no?+ out ( h>mony ) !           
ar*itecture4  ,&1 !re=e1 y mu/ "k some?+
 ( ar*itecture1 n 9 ord] to imitate ! "w
 ( ! pa/ & try to get y\r own mi/ak5 =  
x1 b to le>n ! love & rev]5ce & joy (   
he>t ( ! old build]s1 s t y\r _s may    
h>monise ) !irs4  ,d n %r9k f ! tr\ble &
 exp5se ( see+ ! "w 9 situ1 & !n1 if    
necess>y1 remov+ x = correction &       
am5dm5t4  ,if y h a l>ge w9d[1 or a     
s]ies ( w9d[s1 to d1 x is (t5 n a v     
great matt] to take a portion ( "o light
 at lea/ d[n & try x 9 its place4 ,i h  
done x v (t51 & ,i c assure y x is well 
wor? :ile4   ,,( ,,mak+ ,a ,,sket* ,,9  
,,glass4  ,b !re is ano!r ?+ t may help 
y 9 ?is matt]1 & t is to sket* out !    
col\r ( y\r w9d[ 9 small pieces (       
glass--9 fact1 to make a scale-sket* ( x
 9 glass4 ,a scale ( "o in* to a foot w 
d g5]ally1 b all difficult or d\btful   
comb9ations ( col\r %\ld be sket*$      
l>g]--full size ev5--be=e y v5ture to   
cut4  ,"w %\ld be kept flat by lead+4   
,"o ( ! ma9 arti/ic uses ( ! leadwork 9 

a w9d[ is t1 if prop]ly us$1 x keeps !  
"w flat & 9 "o plane1 & all[s f> m      
fre$om 9 ! conduct ( y\r picture1       
p]mitt+ y to use a degree ( realism &   
fulness ( treatm5t great] ?an y c\ld d  
)\t x4 ,"w may be done1 :]e ?is         
limitation is prop]ly accept$ & us$1 :i*
 w\ld look vulg> )\t x2 & on ! o!r h&1 !
 mo/ ,byzant9e rigidity may be made to  
look vulg> if ! lead l9e is misus$4 ,i h
 se5 glass ( ?is k9d :]e ! "w 0 all on  
"o plane1 & :]e ! arti/ _h s f> grasp$  
prop] pr9ciples z to use ?ick leads1 b  
_h curv$ ^! leads 9 & out across ! folds
 ( ! drap]y z if !y foll[$ its ridges & 
holl[s--! ?+ becom+1 ) all its good-w to
 accept limitations1 almo/ m vulg> ?an !
 discr$it$ ,muni*-glass ( a few ye>s    
ago1 :i* hat$ & disguis$ ! lead l9es4   
,y mu/ /ep back to look at y\r "w z (t5 
& z f> z y c4  ,respect y\r b>s & lead  
l9es1 & let !m be /rong & _m4  ,e bit ( 
glass 9 a w9d[ %\ld look c>$ =4  ,if !re
 is a lot ( blank space t y don't "k h[ 
to fill1 be sure y\r design has be5 too 

n>r[ly & frugally conceiv$4 ,i d n mean 
to say t !re may n be spaces1 & ev5 l>ge
 spaces1 ( pla9 qu>ry-glaz+1 ^u :i* y\r 
subject ) its surr\nd+ ornam5t may be   
plant$ d[n1 z a ri* ?+ ^u a pla9 ?+4 ,i 
am ?9k+ r ( a case :]e y meet ) "s sudd5
 lapse or gap 9 ! subject itself or 9   
its ornam5tal surr\nd+s4 ,?is is apt    
specially to occur :]e x is "o :i* leads
 r to pictorial treatm5t1 & :]e1 unless 
y h canopy or tab]nacle "w1 z x is      
call$1 surr\nd+ & fram+ ev]y?+1 y f9d   
y\rself at a loss h[ to fill ! space    
above or bel[4  ,v little c be said by  
way ( g5]al rule ab\t ?is2 ea* case mu/ 
be decid$ on its m]its1 & we _c speak   
)\t kn[+ !m4 ,b two ?+s may be said3    
,fir/1 t x is well to be p]fectly bold  
7z long z y are p]fectly s9c]e71 & n be 
afraid1 m]ely because !y are unusual1 ( 
?+s t y really w\ld l to d if ! w9d[ 7 =
 y\rself4 ,!re are no h>d & fa/ rules z 
to :at may or may n be done1 & if y are 
a craftsman & design] also--z ! :ole    
purpose ( ?is book is to tell y y mu/   

be--_m me?ods w sugge/ !mselves ( mak+  
y\r glass look int]e/+4 ,! gold5 rule is
 to h&le e bit ( x y\rself1 & !n y w be 
int]e/$ 9 ! +5uity ( its arrangem5t2 !  
cutt+ ( x into little & big bits2 !     
lacework ( ! leads2 ?ick5+ & ?9n+ ^!    
also to get bold contra/s ( /rong &     
sl5d]1 ( pla9 & intricate2 cat*+ y\r    
pe>ly glass l fi%1 9 a net ( l>g] or    
small] me%2 =1 be> 9 m9d always t ?is "q
 relates almo/ entirely to ! :it]       
glasses4 ,col\r has its own reason = be+
 !re1 & c>ries its own int]e/2 b ! mo/  
valuable piece ( advice t ,i c ?9k ( 9  
reg>d to /a9$-glass treatm5t 7ap>t f !  
"q ( subject & mean+7 is to make y\r    
:ite spaces int]e/+4  ,! old pa9t]s felt
 ?is :5 !y diap]$ _! qu>ry-glaz+ & did  
su* grisaille "w z ! ,five ,si/]s w9d[  
at ,york4 ,e bit ( ?is la/ mu/ h be5 put
 toge!r & pa9t$ by a real craftsman     
delight+ 9 8 "w4 ,! draw+ is free &     
beautiful2 ! :ole "w is l jewell]y1 !   
col\r s*eme delightfully v>i$ &         
irregul>4 ,! "w 0 lov$3 ea* bit ( glass 

0 treat$ on its m]its z x pass$ ?r\gh   
h&4 ,work+ 9 ?is way all ?+s are lawful2
 y may ev5 put a ?9 film ( matt ov] any 
piece to l[] x 9 tone & give x ri*ness1 
or to br+ out ) emphasis "s quality (   
its texture4 ,"s bits w h lovely /reaks 
& swirl+ l9es & b&s 9 !m--reamy1 z      
glass-cutt]s call x--or gr\ps ( bubbles 
& spots1 mak+ ! glass l agate or pebble2
 & a g5tle h& w rub a little matt or    
film ov] ^!1 & !n f+] x p>tly away to   
br+ out its quality1 j z a jewell] foils
 a /one4 ,?is is q a diff]5t ?+ f sme>+ 
a w9d[ all ov] ) dirt to make x a       
%am-antique2 & :]e x is desirable to l[]
 ! tone ( any :ite = ! sake ( ! w9d[1 & 
:]e no special beauties ( texture exi/1 
x is bett]1 ,i ?9k1 to matt x & !n take 
out simple patt]ns f ! matt3 n outl9$ at
 all1 b spott$ & /reak$ 9 ! matt itself1
 *equ]$ & petall$ & ?umb-m>k$1 j z      
nature spots & /ripes & dapples1 scatt]s
 daisies on ! grass & sn[flakes 9 ! air1
 & p[d]s ov] ) *essbo>d *equ]s & lac+s &
 oes & eyes ( light1 ! w+s ( butt]flies 

& birds4  ,s man has always lov$ to "w  
:5 he has be5 let to *oose1 & :5 nature 
has _h h] way4 ,su* is ! delightful art 
( ! basket & grass-clo? weav] ( ! ,s\!rn
 seas2 ( ! anci5t ,cyprian pott]1 !     
,sc&9avian & ! ,celt4 ,x nev] dies2 & 9 
"s quiet1 m]ciful "t ( academical       
neglect x crops up aga94 ,su* is !1 (t5 
delightful1 build]s-glaz+ ( !           
c>p5t]s-,go?ic p]iod1 or e>li]1 :5 ! s\?
 transept w9d[ at ,cant]bury1 & ! ea/ & 
we/ w9d[s at ,cir5ce/]1 & _m su* l1 7   
re>rang$ ) old mat]ials & new by rule ( 
?umb & j z ! glazi] ?\ght he w\ld4      
,heav5 s5d u no?+ worse done ?r\gh too  
mu* le>n+6 ,i d>esay he %\ldn't h done  
x2 b z x came to him to d1 z1 probably1 
he 0 ord]$ to d x1 we may be glad he did
 x j s4 ,9 ! ,cant]bury w9d[1 = in/ance1
 no d\bt mu* ( ! old glass nev] belong$ 
to t p>ticul> w9d[2 x may h be51        
s9fully1 br\ght !re f w9d[s :]e x did   
belong4 ,at ,cir5ce/] !re are numb]s (  
bits ( canopy & s =?1 delightful        
fifte5?-c5tury "w1 exquisitely          

beautiful1 put 9 z be/ !y c\ld be2 no   
d\bt f "s mutilat$ w9d[ :]e ! figures _h
 be5 de/roy$--=1 if my memory s]ves me1 
mo/ ( !m h no figures b5ea?--& surr\nd$ 
by little *equ]$ "w1 & /ripes & b&+ ( ! 
glazi]s' own fancy4 ,a mod]n re/or] w\ld
 h delight$ to supply %am-antique sa9ts 
= !m1 imitat+ fifte5?-c5tury "w 7&      
deceiv+ nobody71 & to complete !        
mutilat$ canopies by c>eful mat*+1 mak+ 
! w9d[ entirely correct & un9t]e/+ &    
lifeless & accompli%$ & =bidd+4 ,! v    
blue-bottles w\ld be afraid to buzz     
aga9/ x2 :]eas "h1 9 ! old *ur*1 ) !    
flav\r ( s9c]ity & simplicity ar\nd !m1 
at "o ) ! old c>v+ & ! _s ( ! old "t1 !y
 glitt] ) fre% feel+1 & hang !re1 new & 
old toge!r1 break+ sunlight2            
irresponsible1 absurd1 & delightful4    
,,*apt] ,,xv       ,a ,few ,little      
,dodges--,a ,clumsy ,tool--,a           
,sub/itute--,a ,glass ,rack--,an        
,inconv5i5t ,easel--,a ,conv5i5t        
,easel--,a ,wax+-up ,tool--,an ,easel   
) ,movable ,plates--,mak+ ! mo/ ( a     

,room--,h&l+                            
,c>toons--,cleanl9ess--,du/--,! ,selvage
 ,edge--,dry+ a ,badg]--,a      ,comm5t4
   ,"h1 n[1 foll[ "s little practical   
h9ts ^u "w 9 g5]al2 m]e receipts2       
description ( "t-sav+ me?ods & app>atus 
:i* ,i h sep>at$ f ! =m] "p ( ! book2   
p>tly because !y are mo/ly exceptions to
 ! ord9>y practice1 & p>tly because !y  
are ( g5]al application1 ! common-s5se (
 proc$ure1 & w1 ,i hope1 aft] y h le>nt 
f ! =m] p>ts ( ! book ! individual      
processes & op]ations1 help y to m>%al  
^!1 9 ord] & proportion1 s z to use !m  
to ! greate/ advantage & ) ! be/        
results4 ,& truly our /a9$-glass me?ods 
are mo/ wa/eful & bungl+4 ,! anci5t     
,egyptians1 !y say1 made glass1 & ,i am 
sure "s ( our pres5t tools & app>atus   
date f ! "t ( ! ,pyramids4   ,a ,,clumsy
 ,,kiln-,,fe$]4  ,:at %all we say1 =    
in/ance1 ( ?is in/rum5t 7fig4 #fd71 us$ 
= load+ "s =ms ( kiln8  ,illu/ration3   
,,fig4 #fd4  ,! workman takes ! r+-h&le 
9 8 "r h&1 re/s ! %aft 9 ! crook ( 8    

left elb[1 puts ! =k "u an iron plate   
load$ ) glass & weigh+ ab\t =ty p\nds1 &
 !n1 ) tug & /ra91 lifts x1 ready to    
slip (f & sma% at any mom5t1 &1 grunt+1 
transf]s x to ! kiln4 ,a little         
me*anical appliance w\ld save n9e-t5?s (
 ! lab\r1 a /age on :eels rais$ or l[]$ 
at w 7a ?+ :i* surely %\ld n be h>d to  
inv5t7 w\ld br+ x f ! b5* to ! kiln1 &  
!n1 if ne$s be1 & no bett] me?od c\ld be
 f\nd1 ! =k might be us$ to put x 94    
,mean:ile1 z a tempor>y /ep 9 ! "r      
direction1 ,i illu/rate a little        
app>atus inv5t$ by ,mr4 ,heaton1 :i*1 ) 
! tray made ( "s light] sub/ance ?an    
iron1 ( :i* he has ! secret1 decreases !
 lab\r by c]ta9ly "o-?ird1 & ,i ?9k a   
half 7fig4 #fe74  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4  
#fe4  ,x is inde$ only a sort ( half-way
 h\se to ! "r ?+1 b1 te/$ "o aga9/ ! o!r
 ) equal bat*es ( plates1 its use is    
c]ta9ly less labori\s ?an t ( ! =k4 ,& t
 is a great ga92 = ! consequ5ce ( ^!    
r\gh ways is t ! kiln-man1 :om we want  
to be a quiet1 obs]vant man1 ) pl5ty (  

leisure & ) all 8 /r5g? & att5tion free 
to wat* ! progress ( a process or       
exp]im5t1 l a *emi/ 9 8 laboratory1 has 
(t5 two-?irds ( x di/ract$ by ! /ress ( 
ne$less "w :i* is only fit = a navvy1 & 
! only t5d5cy ( :i* c be t[>ds turn+ him
 into "o4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ff4    
,a ,,glass-,,rack ,,= ,,wa/e ,,pieces4  
,!n ! cutt]1 :o ?r[s away half ! /uff "u
 8 b5*6 ,h[ easy x w\ld be1 if ?+s 7    
?\ght ( f ! beg9n+ & ! place built = !  
"w1 to h su* wid? ( b5* & space ( w9d[  
t1 along ! latt]1 easily & com=tably )9 
rea*1 %\ld run /ages1 ti] above ti]1 (  
/rong %eet or ?9 plate glass1 slop+ at  
su* an angle t ! cutt+s might lie along 
!m aga9/ ! light1 ) a fillet to /op !m f
 fall+ (f4 ,!n x w\ld be a pleasure1 z  
all h&y ?+s are1 = ! workman to put 8   
bits ( glass !re1 & :5 he want$ a piece 
( simil> col\r1 to raise 8 head & *oose 
"o1 in/ead ( wa/efully cutt+ a fre%     
piece out ( ! unbrok5 %eet1 or wa/+ 8 "t
 rummag+ among/ ! bits on ! b5*4 ,a /age
 on ! same pr9ciple = *oos+ glass is    

illu/rat$ 9 fig4 #fg4  ,b x is 9 easels 
t improvem5t seems mo/ want$ & w\ld be  
mo/ easy1 & "h ,i really mu/ tell y a   
/ory4   ,,an ,,inconv5i5t ,,easel4      
,hav+ once "s v l>ge lights to pa9t1    
aga9/ "t1 ! fri5ds 9 ^: %op ,i 0 to "w  
7wi%+ to give me e advantage & to save  
"t71 _h _h special easels made to take 9
 ! ma9 "p ( ea* light at once4 ,b an    
,easel1 9 /a9$-glass "w1 mean+ always ! 
s+le slab ( plate-glass 9 a wood5 frame1
 ^! 7 ( t type4 ,i =get _! exact size & 
c\ld haz>d no guess at _! weight1 b x   
took f\r m5 to get "o f ! gr\nd on to ! 
b5*4 ,:y1 ,i want$ x done a doz5 times  
an h\r6 & %\ld h wi%$ to be able to d x 
at any mom5t4 ,in/ead ( t x 01 ,n[ !n1  
,bill2 ease h] ov]6 ,/eady6 ,n[ lift6   
,all toge!r1 boys6 & s =?4 ,i wond] !re 
wasn't a /rike6 ,b did no "o1 !n1 ev]   
see 9 a club or hotel a plate-glass w9d[
 ab\t z big z a billi>d-table1 & a slim 
wait] come up to x1 &1 ) a polite ,w\ld 
y l ! w9d[ op51 sir8 quietly lift x ) "o
 h&8  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fg4   ,a    

,,conv5i5t ,,easel4  ,fig4 #fh is a     
diagram ( ! k9d ( easel ,i w\ld sugge/4 
,x c ei!r /& on ! b5* or on ! floor1 & )
 ! t\* ( a h& c be lift$1 weigh+ (t5    
well ov] a hundr$weight1 to any height !
 pa9t] pleases1 till x t\*es ! ro(1     
enabl+ him to see at any mom5t ! :ole ( 
8 "w at a di/ance & aga9/ ! sky1 :i* "o 
w\ld r call an absolute necessity ?an a 
m]e conv5i5ce or advantage4  ,"s ( ^!   
?+s 7 ?\ght out r\ghly by myself1 & h   
be5 add$ to & improv$ f "t to "t by my  
pa9t]s & appr5tices1 a matt] :i* ,i %all
 say a ^w on by-&-by1 :5 we consid] !   
relations :i* %\ld exi/ betwe5 ^! & !   
ma/]4   ,,an ,,improv$ ,,tool ,,=       
,,wax+-,,up4  ,mean:ile "h is ano!r     
little tool 7fig4 #fi71 ! inv5tion ( "o 
( my y\nge/ h&s 7& heads71 & really a   
praisewor?y inv5tion1 ?\gh inde$ a      
simple & self-evid5t matt] en\gh4 ,!    
usual tool = wax+-up is 7#a7 a /rip (   
glass1 7#b7 a p5knife1 7#c7 a /ick (    
wood4 ,! ?+ mo/ to be wi%$ = 9 :atev] is
 us$ be+1 ( c\rse1 t x %\ld reta9 !     

heat4 ,?is y\? argu$3 ,if !y use copp] =
 sold]+-bits because x reta9s heat s    
well1 :y n use copp] = ! wax+-up tool8  
besides1 x c be made into a p5 :i* w    
hold m wax4  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fh4  
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fi4  ,s said1 s   
done2 no?+ inde$ to make a fuss ab\t1 b 
"p ( a v :olesome _s ( wi%+ to "w ) h&y 
tools economically1 in/ead ( blund]+ &  
wa/+4   ,,an ,,easel ,,) ,,movable      
,,plates4  ,b to return = a mom5t to !  
easel4 ,i f9d x v conv5i5t n to h x made
 all ( "o plate ( glass1 b to divide x s
 t ab\t f\r plates make ! :ole easel (  
five feet high4 ,^! plates slip 9       
grooves1 & c be let 9 ei!r at ! top or  
bottom1 ! latt] be+ !n /opp$ by a batt5 
& ?umbscrews4 ,by ?is means a light (   
any l5g? c be pa9t$ 9 sections )\t a    
break4 ,= suppos+ y "w f bel[ upw>ds1 & 
h done ! fir/ five feet ( ! w9d[1 take  
out all ! glass except ! top plate1 %ift
 ?is d[n to ! bottom1 & place ?ree empty
 plates above x1 & y c jo9 ! upp] "w to 
! l[] by ! sample ( ! latt] left 9 its  

place to />t y4   ,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,!  
,,mo/ ,,( ,a ,,room4  ,! great po9t is  
to be able to get away z f> z y c f y\r 
"w4 ,& ,i advise y1 if y\r room is      
small1 to h a fair-siz$ mirror 7a       
*eval-glass7 & place x at ! f> end ( y\r
 room opposite ! easel :]e y are pa9t+1 
& !n1 /&+ close by ! side ( y\r easel1  
look at y\r "w 9 ! mirror4 ,?is w d\ble 
! di/ance at :i* y see x1 & at ! same "t
 pres5t x to y rev]s$2 :i* is no        
disadvantage1 = y !n see ev]y?+ "u a    
fre% aspect & s ) a fre% eye4 ,( c\rse1 
by ! use ( two mirrors1 if !y be l>ge   
en\gh1 y c put y\r "w away to any       
di/ance4 ,y mu/ h se5 ?is 9 a re/aurant 
:]e !re 7 mirrors1 & :]e y h _h pres5t$ 
to y an endless procession ( y\r own    
head1 fir/ front !n back1 go+ away into 
! f> di/ance4   ,,h[ ,,to ,,h&le        
,,c>toons4  ,well1 x's really l insult+ 
y\r intellig5ce6 ,& if ,i hadn't se5    
fell[s d[n on _! h&s & knees roll+ &    
unroll+ c>toons along ! dirty floor1 &  
sprawl+ all ov] ! /udio s t ev]ybody _h 

to get out ( ! way into corn]s1 ,i      
w\ldn't sp5d pap] & ink to tell y t by  
/&+ ! roll upright & sp9n+ x g5tly r\nd 
) y\r h&s1 free+ fir/ "o edge & !n      
ano!r1 y c easily & quietly unroll &    
sort out a bundle ( a doz5 c>toons1 ea* 
tw5ty feet long1 on ! space ( a small   
he>?-rug2 b s x is 7fig4 #gj71 & 9 j !  
same way y c roll !m up aga94           
,,neatness ,,& ,,cleanl9ess4  ,y %\ld h 
draw]s 9 ! tables1 & put ! palettes away
 9 ^! ) ! col\r neatly cov]$ ov] ) a    
bas9 :5 y leave "w4 ,du/ is a great     
enemy 9 a /a9$-glass %op1 & x mu/ be    
kept at arm's l5g?4   ,,y ,,mu/ ,,te>   
,,(f ,,! ,,selvage ,,edge ,,( ,,y\r     
,,trac+ ,,clo?1 o!rwise ! trac+ clo? be+
 all cockl$ at ! edge1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is n 
v noticeable1 w n lie flat1 & y w be    
puzzl$ to "k :y x is t y _c get y\r     
cut-l9e /raight2 te> (f ! edge1 & x lies
 p]fectly flat1 )\t a wr9kle4   ,,h[    
,,to ,,dry ,a ,,big ,,bru% ,,or ,,badg] 
,,aft] ,,x ,,is ,,wa%$4  ,i expect y'd  
try to dry x 9 front ( ! fire1 & !re'd  

be a pretty eight-%ill+ frizzle6 ,b !   
way is ?is3 ,fir/ sweep ! wet bru%      
d[nw>ds ) all y\r =ce1 j z y %ake ! wor/
 ( ! wet (f a dripp+ umbrella1 !n take !
 h&le ( ! bru% betwe5 ! palms ( y\r h&s1
 ) ! hair po9t+ d[nw>ds1 & rub y\r h&s  
sm>tly toge!r1 ) ! h&le betwe5 !m1 j z  
an ,italian wait] :isks up ! *ocolate4  
,?is s5ds ! hair all out l a            
,ca!r9e-:eel1 & dries ! bru% ) q a/oni%+
 rapidity4 ,come n[6 y'd nev] h ?\ght ( 
t8  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gj4         99
       99       99       99       99  ,&
 :y h ,i res]v$ ^! h9ts till n[8 surely 
^! are ?+s ( ! "w-b5*1 practical matt]s1
 & w\ld h come m conv5i5tly 9 _! own    
place8 ,:y h ,i--d y ask--aft] ar\s+ y\r
 att5tion to ! great pr9ciples ( art1   
gone back aga9 all at once to ^! little 
matt]s8  ,de> read]1 ,i h done s        
delib]ately to emphasise ! ,fir/ (      
pr9ciples1 t ! "r le>n+ ( any craft is !
 le>n+ x "u a ma/]1 & t all else is     
make%ift2 to drive home ! lesson insi/$ 
on 9 ! =m] volumes ( ?is s]ies (        

h&books1 & ga!r$ into ! s5t5ce quot$ z a
 motto on ! fly-leaf ( "o ( !m1 t ,an   
art c only be le>n$ 9 ! work%op ( ^? :o 
are w9n+ _! bread by x4  ,^! little ?+s 
we h j be5 speak+ ( occurr$ to me aft] !
 practical "p 0 all writt52 & ,i        
det]m9$1 s9ce x happ5$ s1 to put !m by  
!mselves1 to po9t ?is v lesson4 ,!y are 
j typical in/ances ( hundr$s ( little   
matt]s :i* belong to ! b5* & ! work%op1 
& :i* _c all be told 9 any book2 & ev5  
if told c nev] be s fully grasp$ z !y   
w\ld be if %[n by ma/] to pupil4        
,ye>s--c5turies ( practice h made !m !  
commonplaces ( ! %ops2 ?+s told 9 a ^w &
 le>nt 9 an in/ant1 yet :i* "o might g  
on = a :ole lifetime )\t ?9k+ (1 & =    
lack ( :i* our lifetime's "w w\ld suff]4
  ,man's "w ^u e>? is all l t4 ,! ?+s   
are !re "u 8 v nose1 b he nev] discov]s 
!m till "s accid5t %[s !m2 h[ _m        
c5turies ( sail+1 ?9k y1 pass$ by be=e  
m5 knew t ! tides w5t ) ! moon8  ,:y !n 
write a book at all1 s9ce x is n ! be/  
way8  ,speak+ = myself only1 ! reasons  

appe> to be3 ,fir/1 because none ( ^!   
crafts is at pres5t taught 9 its fulness
 9 any ord9>y %op1 & ,i w\ld wi% to give
 y at lea/ a long+ to le>n y\rs 9 t     
fulness2 &1 second1 because x seems also
 v advisable to int]e/ ! g5]al read] 9  
?is "q ( ! complete tea*+ ( ! crafts to 
appr5tices4 ,to insi/ on ! value &      
necessity ( ! daily & h\rly lessons t   
come f ! con/ant pres5ce1 h&l+1 & use ( 
all ! tools & mat]ials1 all ! app>atus &
 all ! conditions ( ! craft1 & f !      
int]*ange ( ideas among/ ^? :o are      
work+1 side by side1 mak+ fre%          
discov]ies day by day z to :at mat]ials 
w d "u ! *anges t occur 9 conditions t  
are ev] *ang+4  ,h[ev]1 "o mu/ n l+]    
fur!r ov] ^! little matt]s1 & x n[      
becomes my task to return to ! great    
lead+ pr9ciples & try to deal ) !m1 & ! 
fir/ c>d9al pr9ciple ( /a9$-glass "w    
surely is t ( ,,col\r4     ,,*apt] ,,xvi
  ,,( ,,col\r   ,b h[ hopeless to deal )
 x by way ( words 9 a book :]e actual   
col\r _c be %[n6  ,nev]!less1 let u try4

         99       99       99       99  
99  444 ,"o ?9ks ( morn+ & ev5+2 444 (  
cl\ds pass+ ov] ! sun2 ( ! dappl$ gl[ & 
glitt]1 & ( fa9t flu%es ca/ f ! w9d[s on
 ! ca!dral pavem5t2 ( pe>ly :ite1 l !   
l9+ ( a %ell2 ( purple bloom & azure    
haze1 & grass-gre5 & gold5 spots1 l !   
budd+ ( ! spr+2 ( all ! gaiety1 !       
sp>kle1 & ! *>m4  ,& !n1 z if ! ev5+ 7  
draw+ on1 comes ov] ! memory ! picture (
 ^? grav] h>monies1 9 ! full gl[ ( r$ & 
blue1 :i* g ) ! deep notes ( ! great    
organ1 play+ requiem or ev5+ hymn4  ,(  
:at use is x to speak ( ^! ?+s8 ,! words
 fall ^u ! e>1 b ! eye is n fill$4  ,all
 /a9$-glass ga!rs itself up into ?is "o 
subject2 ! glory ( ! heav5s is 9 x & !  
fulness ( ! e>?1 & we "k t ! %[+ =? ( x 
_c be 9 words4  ,is x any use1 =        
in/ance1 to speak ( ^! primroses along !
 railway bank1 & ^? silv] buds ( ! ald] 
9 ! holl[ ( ! copse8  ,"o ?9ks ( a h9t  
"h & a h9t !re2 ! v s5t5ces come 9      
fragm5ts4 ,yet "o ?+ we may say         
securely3 t ! practice ( /a9$-glass is a

 v good way to le>n col\r1 or z mu* ( x 
z c come by le>n+4  ,=1 consid]3--  ,a  
pa9t] has 8 col\r-box & palette2  ,& if 
he has a good ma/] he may le>n by       
degrees h[ to mix 8 col\r into h>monies2
  ,do+ a little fir/1 cauti\sly2  ,try+ 
! problem 9 "o or two simple t9ts2 le>n+
 ! comb9ations ( ^! 9 _! v>i\s degrees (
 light] or d>k]3  ,exhau/+1 z mu* z he  
c1 ! possibilities ( "o or two pigm5ts1 
& !n add+ ano!r & ano!r2  ,b always ) a 
v limit$ numb] ( actual sep>ate ones to 
draw ^u2  ,all ! inf9ity ( ! :ole _w (  
col\r be+ 9 8 own h&s1 & ! difficulty ( 
deal+ ) x laid z a burd5 ^u 8 own       
%\ld]s1 z he comb9es1 modifies1 mixes1 &
 dilutes !m4  ,he p]haps has eight or t5
 spots ( pure col\r1 rang$ r\nd 8       
palette2 & all ! re/ dep5ds ^u himself4 
,?is gives him1 inde$1 "o side ( !      
practice ( 8 art2 & if he walks w>ily1  
yet d>+ly1 /ep by /ep1 le>n+ day by day 
some?+ m ( ! p[]s t lie 9 ea* s+le k9d (
 pa9t1 & z he le>ns x apply+ 8 k1       
bravely & indu/ri\sly1 to add /r5g? to  

/r5g?1 brightness to brightness1 ri*ness
 to ri*ness1 dep? to dep?1 9 ev] cle>]1 
full]1 & m gorge\s h>mony1 he may inde$ 
become a great pa9t]4  ,b a m timid or  
indol5t man gets tir$ or afraid ( putt+ 
! cle>1 %>p t9ts side by side to make   
new comb9ations ( pure & vivid col\r4   
,& ev5 a man indu/ri\s1 al]t1 & det]m9$ 
may lose 8 way & get confus$ among/ !   
inf9ity ( *oice1 ?r\gh be+ badly taught1
 & especially ?r\gh be+ all[$ at fir/   
too great a range1 too wide a *oice1 too
 lavi% ri*es4  ,a man s tra9$1 s        
situat$1 s tempt$1 /&s 9 dang] ( be+    
cont5t$ to repeat old receipts & =mulas 
ov] & ov]1 z soon z he has acquir$ ! k (
 a few4  ,or1 bewild]$ ) ! lavi%ness ( 8
 means & confus$ 9 8 *oice1 t5ds to fall
 into indecision1 & to sme> & dilute &  
weak54  ,i _c help ?9k+ t x is to ?is   
want ( a sy/em ( gradual tea*+ ( !      
elem5t>y /ages ( col\r 9 pa9t+ t we owe1
 on ! "o side1 ! fa%ion ( call+         
irresolute & undecid$ t9ts art col\rs2  
&1 on ! o!r h&1 ! g>i%ness ( our mod]n  

exhibitions comp>$ ) gall]ies ( old     
pa9t+s4 ,= ,titian's burn+ sc>let &     
crimson & palpitat+ blue2 & ,v]onese's  
gold & gre5 & :ite & rose are c]ta9ly n 
art col\rs2 & ,i ?9k we mu/ feel !      
ju/ice & tru? ( ,rusk9's words spok5    
reg>d+ a picture ( ,l9nell's3--  ,& :at 
a relief x is = any :olesome human      
sight1 aft] sick5+ itself among ! blank 
horror ( dirt1 dit*wat]1 & mal>ia1 :i* !
 imitators ( ! ,fr5* s*ools h begrim$   
our v>i\s ,exhibition walls )1 to f9d   
once m a bit ( blue 9 ! sky & a gl[ (   
br[n 9 ! coppice1 & to see t ,hopp]s 9  
,k5t c enjoy _! sc>let & purple--l      
,empresses & ,emp]ors4 7,rusk91 ,royal  
,academy ,notes1 #ahge47  ,f ?is        
irresolution & indecision & ! dull-col\r
 s*ool begott5 ( x on ! "o h&1 & f      
g>i%ness on ! o!r1 /a9$-glass is a great
 means ( salvation2 = 9 practis+ ?is art
 ! absolute judgm5t mu/1 day by day1 be 
ex]cis$ betwe5 ?is & t col\r1 !re pres5t
 be=e x2 & ! w is brac$ by ! necessity (
 con/ant *oice & decision4 ,9 %ort1 by  

_m ( ! mod]n1 academical me?ods ( tea*+ 
pa9t+1 & especially by ! un=tunate      
arrangem5t1 :]e x exi/s1 ( a pupil pass+
 "u a succession ( diff]5t ma/]s1 ,i fe>
 ! col\r-s5se is p]plex$ & blunt$2 :ile 
by /a9$-glass1 taught1 z all art %\ld   
be1 f ma/] to appr5tice1 :ile bo? make  
_! bread by x1 ! col\r-s5se w\ld be     
gradually & /eadily cultivat$ & w\ld h  
"t to gr[4  ,?is at lea/ seems c]ta93 t 
all pa9t]s :o h also done /a9$-glass1 or
 inde$ any o!r decorative "w 9 col\r1   
get /rong] & brav] 9 pa9t+ f its        
practice4 ,s work$ ,titian1 ,giorgione1 
,v]onese2 & s 9 our days work$          
,burne-,jones1 ,rossetti1 ,madox-,br[n1 
,morris2 & if ,i 7 to advise & prate    
ab\t :at is1 p]haps1 n my prop] bus9ess1
 ,i w\ld say1 ev5 to ! /ud5t (          
oil-pa9t+1 ,beg9 ) burnt-umb]1 try+ x 9 
e degree ) :ite2 transp>5t ov] opaque & 
opaque ov] transp>5t2 try+ h[ ne> y c   
get to purple & orange by contra/ 7& y w
 get ne>] ?an y ?9k72 !n add si5na at "o
 end & black at ! o!r to enl>ge !       

range2--& !n get a set ( glass samples4 
,i h said t /a9$-glass is a great means 
( salvation1 f irresolution & indecision
 on ! "o h& & f g>i%ness on ! o!r2 b x  
is only a means--! fact ( salvation lies
 always 9 "o's own h&s--= we mu/1 ,i    
fe>1 admit t g>i%ness & irresolution are
 n unkn[n 9 /a9$-glass itself1 9 spite (
 ! res\rces & safegu>d+s we h attribut$ 
to ! mat]ial4 ,speak+1 !re=e1 n[ to     
/a9$-glass pa9t]s !mselves1 we might say
 t ^! faults 9 _! own art1 z too (t5    
practis$ 9 our days1 arise1 /range z x  
may seem1 f ignorance ( _! own mat]ial1 
t v mat]ial ! k ( :i* we h j be5        
recomm5d+ z a safegu>d aga9/ ^! v faults
 to ! /ud5ts ( ano!r art4  ,& ?is br+s u
 back to our subject4  ,= ! =ego+       
discussion ( pa9t]s' me?ods has all be5 
writt5 to draw a comp>ison & emphasise a
 contra/4  ,a contra/ f :i* y1 /ud5t (  
/a9$-glass1 ,i hope may le>n mu*4  ,= z 
we h tri$ to describe ! me?ods ( ! pa9t]
 9 oil or wat] col\rs1 & s po9t out 8   
advantages & disadvantages1 s we w\ld n[

 draw a picture ( ! glass-pa9t] at "w2  
if he works z he %\ld d4  ,= ! pa9t] (  
pictures 7we said7 has 8 col\r-box ( a  
few pigm5ts1 f :i* all 8 h>monies mu/   
come by mix+ !m & dilut+ !m 9 v>i\s     
proportions1 deal+ ) inf9ity out ( a v  
limit$ range ( mat]ials1 & requir$ to   
supply all ! re/ by 8 own skill &       
memory4  ,com+ ea* day to 8 "w ) 8      
palette clean & 8 col\rs 9 _! tubes2    
,beg9n+1 z x 71 all ov] aga9 ea* "t2 &  
p]haps ) 8 he>t cold & 8 memory dull4   
,b ! glass-pa9t] has 8 specim5s ( glass 
r\nd him2 "s hundr$s1 p]haps1 ( all     
possible t9ts4  ,he has1 ) ^!1 to       
compose a subject 9 col\r2  ,!re is no  
gett+ out ( x or %irk+ x2  ,he places ! 
bits side by side1 ) no possibility 7:i*
 ! palette gives7 ( slurr+ or dilut+ or 
dull+ !m2 he mu/ *oose f ! cle> h>d     
t9ts2  ,& he has ! :ole problem be=e    
him2  ,he removes "o & sub/itutes ano!r2
  ,?is looks bett]2 ,t is a pleasant    
h>mony2 ,ah6 b ?is makes x s+6  ,he gets
 !m into gr\ps1 & comb9es !m into       

h>monies1 t9t ) t9t1 gr\p ) gr\p3  ,if  
he is wise he has !m always by him2     
,always ready to arrange 9 a movable    
frame aga9/ ! w9d[2  ,he cuts little    
bits ( ea*2 he waxes !m1 or gums !m1    
into gr\ps on %eets ( glass2  ,he tries 
all 8 effects 9 ! glass itself2 he      
sket*es 9 glass4  ,if he is wise he does
 ?is side by side ) 8 wat]-col\r sket*1 
mak+ ea* help ! o!r1 & ?9k+ 9 glass2 ev5
 p]haps mak+ 8 wat]-col\r sket* aft]w>ds
 f ! glass4  ,is x n reasonable8  ,is x 
n f> m easy1 less dang]\s8  ,he has n to
 rake 9 8 cold & meagre memory to fi%   
out "s poor h&ful ( all ! possible      
h>monies2  ,to repeat himself ov] & ov] 
aga94  ,he has all ! col\rs burn+ r\nd  
him2 s++ to him to use !m2 s\nd+ all _! 
*ords4  ,is x n ! way8 ,is x n common   
s5se8  ,t9ts6 pure t9ts6 ,:at great ?+s 
!y are4  ,i rememb] an old joke ( !     
pleasant ,du ,mauri]1 a draw+ repres5t+ 
two fa%ionable ladies discuss+ !        
aft]noon's occupation4 ,"o says3 ,x's q 
too dull to see col\rs at ,madame ,/4   

,aldegonde's2 suppose we g to ! ,old    
,ma/]s' ,exhibition6  ,r too bad6 b !   
ladies 7 n s altoge!r frivol\s z might  
at fir/ appe>4 ,i am afraid ,pun* meant 
t !y 7 trifl]s :o look$ ^u col\r 9 dress
 z important1 & col\r 9 pictures z a ?+ 
:i* w\ld d = a dull day4 ,b !y 7 n q s  
f> a/ray z ?is6 ,!re are o!r ?+s 9      
pictures besides col\r :i* c be se5 )   
indiff]5t light4 ,b to mat* cle> t9t    
aga9/ cle> t9t1 & put toge!r h>monies1  
!re is no gett+ away f ! problem6 ,x is 
all %e]1 h>d ex]cise2 y want all y\r    
light = x2 !re is no slurr+ or dilut+1  
no glaz+ or scumbl+1 & x %\ld =m a "p ( 
! tea*+1 & yet x nev] does s1 9 our     
academies & s*ools ( art4 ,a curi\s     
matt] ?is is1 t a pa9t]'s tra9+ leaves  
?is great res\rce ( k neglect$1 leaves !
 :ole ?+ to memory4 ,out ( all ! inf9ite
 possible h>monies only gett+ :at rise 9
 ! m9d at ! mom5t f ! unse54 ,:ile      
ladies :o want to dress beautifully look
 at ! ?+s !mselves1 & comp>e "o ) ano!r4
 ,& h[ nicely !y dress4 ,if only pa9t]s 

pa9t$ half z well4 ,if ! pictures 9 our 
gall]ies only look$ half z h>moni\s z ! 
cr[d ( spectators bel[ !m6 ,i w\ld h x  
"p ( e pa9t]'s tra9+ to practise "s     
craft1 or at lea/ t bran* ( "s craft1   
:i* compels ! *oos+ & arrang+1 9 due    
proportions = h>mony1 ( cle>1 %>p gl[+  
col\rs 9 "s def9ite mat]ial1 f a full & 
lavi% range ( exi/+ samples4 ,x is true 
t "h & !re a pa9t] w arise :o has by    
nature t k9d ( in/9ct or memory1 or     
:atev] x is1 t seems to feel h>monies   
be=eh&1 note by note1 & add !m to "o    
ano!r ) infallible accuracy2 b v few    
possess ?is1 & = ^? :o lack ,i am urg+  
?is tra9+4 ,= x is a case (           ! 
little m & h[ mu* x is1      ,& ! little
 less & :at worlds away4  ,millais hung 
a d>+ crimson sa% ov] ! creamy-:ite     
b$-quilt1 9 ! gl[ ( ! subdu$ night-lamp1
 9 8 picture ( ,asleep1 & we all ?\ght  
:at a f9e ?+ x 04 ,b we h n ?\ght x s   
f9e = ! :ole art _w to bur/ into !      
subsequ5t imitative p>oxysm ( cra%+     
discords 9 *alk1 lip-salve1 & skim-milk1

 :i* has la/$ almo/ to ?is day4  ,at any
 rate1 ,i ?r[ out ?is h9t = pupils &    
/ud5ts1 t if !y w get a set ( glass     
samples & try comb9ations ( col\r 9 !m1 
!y w h a brac+ & guid+ influ5ce1 ! /r5g?
 ( :i* !y little dream (1 reg>d+ "o ( ! 
h>de/ problems ( _! art4  ,?is = ! /ud5t
 ( pa9t+ 9 g5]al3 b = ! glass-pa9t] x is
 absolutely ess5tial--! c5tral po9t1 !  
brea?-(-life ( 8 art4  ,to live 9 x     
daily & all day4  ,to be ev] deal+ ) x  
?us4  ,to h&le ) ! h&s con/antly4  ,to  
try ?is piece1 & t piece1 ! little m & !
 little less4  ,?is is ! be-all &       
end-all1 ! beg9n+ & ! end ( ! :ole      
matt]1 & "h !re=e foll[ a few h9ts )    
reg>d to x4  ,& !re is "o rule ( su*    
dom9at+ importance t all o!r h9ts gr\p  
!mselves r\nd x2 & yet1 /rangely en\gh1 
,i _c rememb] see+ x any:]e writt5 d[n4 
,take ?ree t9ts ( glass--a purple1 let u
 say1 a crimson1 & a gre54  ,let x be   
suppos$ t1 = "s reason1 y desire t ?is  
%\ld =m a s*eme ( col\r = a w9d[1 or "p 
( a w9d[1 )1 ( c\rse1 9 addition1 pure  

:ite1 & probably "s t9ts m neutral1     
gre5i%-:ites & olives or greys1 =       
backgr\nd4  ,y *oose y\r purple 7&1     
by-!-bye1 almo/ ! only way to get a     
satisfactory "o1 except by a happy      
accid5t n[ & !n1 is to d\ble gold-p9k ) 
blue2 ?is is ! only way to get a purple 
t w vibrate1 palpitat+ aga9/ ! eye l !  
petal ( a pansy 9 ! sun74 ,well1 y get  
y\r purple1 & y get y\r gre5--n a       
sage-gre51 or an art-gre51 b a cold1 %>p
 gre51 l a leaf ( p>sley1 an aquam>9e1 !
 tree 9 ! ,eve w9d[ at ,fair=d1 grass 9 
an or*>d ab\t sunset1 or a              
railway-signal lamp at night4  ,y\r     
crimson l a peony1 y\r :ite l :ite silk2
 & n[ y are />t$4  ,y put slabs (       
^!--equal-siz$ samples1 we w            
suppose--side by side1 & see if !y w d4 
,& !y don't d at all4  ,take away ! r$4 
,! gre5 & ! purple d well en\gh1 & !    
:ite4  ,b y want ! r$1 y say4  ,well1   
put back a t5? "p ( x4  ,& h[ n[8  ,add 
a /ill small] bit ( pale p9k4  ,& h[ n[8
  ,d y see :at x all means8 ,x means !  

rule we spoke (1 & :i* we may z well1   
!re=e1 n[ ann\nce3  ,,h>mony ,,9 ,,col\r
 ,,dep5ds ,,n ,,only ,,^u ,,! ,,arrang+ 
,,( ,,"r ,,col\rs ,,toge!r1 ,,b ,,!     
,,arrang+ ,,( ,,! ,,"r ,,quantities ,,& 
,,! ,,"r ,,degrees ,,( ,,!m ,,toge!r4   
,to :i* may be add$ ano!r1 a propos (   
our bit ( pale p9k4  ,,! ,,h>%e/        
,,contra/s1 ,,ev5 ,,discords1 ,,may     
,,(t5 ,,be ,,br\ght ,,into ,,h>mony ,,by
 ,,add$ ,,notes4  ,i believe t ^! are ! 
two1 & ,i w\ld ev5 almo/ say ! only two1
 great lead+ pr9ciples ( ! sci5ce (     
col\r1 z us$ 9 ! s]vice ( ,art2 & we    
might le>n !m1 9 all _! fulness1 9 a    
c\ntry walk1 if we 7 simple en\gh to l  
?+s because we l !m1 & let ! k9d nurse1 
,nature1 take u by ! h&4 ,?is v problem1
 to wit3 ,did y nev] see a purple       
anemone8 aga9/ its gre5 leaves8 ) a :ite
 c5tre8 & ) a ?9 r+ ( crimson %ad$ (f   
into p9k8 ,& did y nev] wond] at its    
beauty1 & wond] h[ s simple a ?+ c\ld   
/rike y almo/ brea?less ) pure physical 
delight & pleasure8 ,no d\bt y did2 b y 

probably may n h ask$ y\rself :e!r y    
w\ld h be5 equally pleas$ if ! purple1  
gre51 & r$ _h all be5 equal 9 quantity1 
& ! pale p9k omitt$4  ,i rememb]        
especially 9 "o p>ticul> w9d[ :]e ?is   
col\r s*eme 0 adopt$--an ,anemone-col\r$
 w9d[--! modification ( ! "o spla% ( r$ 
by ! introduction ( a light] p9k :i*    
sugge/$ itself 9 ! c\rse ( "w z x w5t   
along1 & 0 ! pet fancy ( an             
assi/ant--readily accept$4  ,! w9d[ 9 "q
 is small & 9 n[ise rem>kable1 b x 0 9 !
 c\rse ( a ride tak5 to see x 9 its     
place1 on "o ( ^? glori\s morn+s :5     
,spr+ puts on all ! pageantry ( ,summ]1 
t ! ?\ghts ) :i* we are n[ deal+1 &     
especially ! ?\ghts ( ! inf9ite         
sugge/ion :i* ,nature gives 9 unt\*$    
c\ntry & ( ! ne$ we h to dr9k (t5 at t  
f\nta91 7 borne 9 ^u ! writ] ) m ?an    
usual =ce4  ,to take 9 fully & (t5 !    
gl[+ life & /r5g? & r5ewal direct f     
,nature is "p ( e man's prop] manhood1  
/ill m !n ( e arti/'s arti/ry & /ud5t's 
/ud5t%ip4  ,& truly 'tis no great h>d%ip

 to g out to meet ! salut>y discipl9e :5
 ! c\ntry is beautiful 9 mid-,april1 & !
 road good & ! sun pleasant4 ,! ,spr+   
air sets ! blood rac+ z y ride1 & :5 y  
/op & /& = a mom5t to enjoy ^! ?+s1     
ankle-deep 9 roadside grass1 y c seem to
 he> ! heal?y pulses beat+ & see ! wavy 
l9e ( hills beat+ ) !m1 z y look at !   
sun-w>m$ _w4  ,x is good sometimes to   
?9k :]e we are 9 ! s*eme ( ?+s1 to      
realise t we are "u ! bell-glass ( ?is  
balmy air1 :i* %uts u 91 safe f !       
pit*-d>k spaces ( inf9ite cold1 ?r\gh   
:i* ! _w is sweep+ at eighte5 miles a   
second2 :ile we1 ) all our little       
problems to solve & "w to d1 are rid+   
w>m by ?is fireside1 & ! orange-tip     
butt]flies ) t curi\s p]t9acity ( flight
 :i* is spe$ )\t ha/e are keep+ up _!   
incessant1 rippl+ patrol1 to & fro along
 ! l5g? ( e sunny lane1 above !         
dit*-side bord] ( :ite-blossom$ keck6   
,:at has all ?is to d ) /a9$-glass8     
,ev]y?+1 my boy6 ,be a human6 ,= y h got
 to *oose y\r place 9 ?+s1 & to *oose on

 :i* side y w "w4  ,a *oice :i*1 9 ^!   
days1 m ?an ev] p]haps be=e1 is "o      
betwe5 su* ?+s z ^! & ! money-gett+ :i* 
c>es s little = !m4 ,i h tri$ to %[ y "o
 side by speak+ ( a little "p ( :at may 
be se5 & felt on a spr+ morn+1 along a  
ridge ( unt\*$ hills 9 pleasant         
,h]t=d%ire3#a if y want to see ! o!r    
side ( ?+s ride across to ,bunt+=d1 &   
take ! tra9 back up ! ,lea ,valley4     
,look at ,/rat=d 7& smell x7 & imag9e x 
spread+1 z no d\bt x w1 :]e its outpo/s 
( oil-mill & factory h already l$ ! way1
 & ?9k ( ! valley full up ) slums1 f    
,lea ,bridge to ,pond]s ,end6 ,= !      
pres5t writ] c rememb]--& t n half a    
lifetime back--,edmonton & ,tott5ham1   
,brondesbury & ,upton ,p>k1 sweet c\ntry
 villages :]e quiet p liv$ & f>m$ &     
g>d5$ amid/ ! or*>ds1 fields1 & haw?orn 
lanes4  ,"h n[ live1 9 mile aft] mile ( 
j]ry-build+1 ! h&s :o1 nev] taught any  
craft or "w wor?y ( a man1 sp5d _! lives
 9 "s little s+le op]ation t1 z x       
happ5s1 no ma*9e has yet be5 inv5t$ to  

p]=m2 mon? aft] mon?1 ye> aft] ye>1     
pa9t+1 let u say1 endless repeats ( "o  
patt]n to use z !y are requir$ = !      
bord]s ( pi\s w9d[s 9 ! *ur*es ( ?is l&4
  ,?is is ! o!r side ( ?+s1 mu* comm5d$ 
by :at is look$ on z robu/ common s5se2 
& ) ?is y h--no?+ to d4 ,y\r place is   
else:]e1 & if x ne$s be t x seems an    
isolat$ "o1 y mu/ be> x & accept x4     
,nature & y\r craft w solve all2 live 9 
!m1 ba! 9 !m to ! lips2 & let no?+ tempt
 y away f !m to measure ?+s by ! /&>d ( 
! m>t4  ,let u g back to our sunny      
hillside4 ,x is good = u to be "h1 = ?is
 also is ,holy ,gr\nd2 & y mu/ inde$ be 
mu* among/ su* ?+s if y w\ld d          
/a9$-glass1 = y w nev] le>n all ! joy ( 
x 9 a du/y %op4  ,s h>d to get out (    
,london8  ,b get a bicycle !n2--only sit
 upright on x & g sl[--& get away f ^!  
bricks & mort>1 to :]e we c see ?+s l   
^!6 ^? d&elions & daisies aga9/ ! deep1 
gre5 grass2 ! blaz+ c&les ( ! sycamore  
buds aga9/ ! purple haze ( ! oak copse2 
& ^? will[s l puffs ( grey smoke :]e !  

/ream w9ds4 ,did y ev]8 ,no1 y nev]6    
,well--d x !n6  ,b inde$1 hav+ /at$ our 
pr9ciples ( col\r1 ! practice ( ^?      
pr9ciples & ! influ5ce ( nature & (     
nature's h9ts ^u t practice are inf9ite1
 bo? 9 numb] & v>iety4 ,! fl[]s ( !     
field & g>d52 butt]flies1 birds1 &      
%ells2 ! pebbles ( ! %ore2 above all1 ! 
dry seawe$s1 ly+ !re1 ) ! ev5+ sun      
slant+ ?r\gh !m4 ,^! la/ are exce$+ly l 
bo? 9 col\r & texture1 or r 9 col\r & ! 
am\nt ( transluc5cy1 to f9e old         
/a9$-glass2 s also are dead leaves4 ,b1 
9 %ort1 ! ?+ is endless4 ,! w9e :5 x is 
r$ 7or amb]1 z ! case may be71 ev5 !    
:isky & wat]1 & :isky )\t wat]1 side by 
side1 make j ^? /raw & ripe-corn col\r$ 
gold5-yell[s t are s h>d to atta9 9     
/a9$-glass 7impossible inde$ by means ( 
yell[-/a971 & yet s mu* to be desir$ &  
s\ght aft]4  ,w y h m h9ts /ill8 ,well1 
!re are _m tropical butt]flies1 *iefly  
among ! ,pi]9f1 ) broad spaces ( yell[  
da%$ ) "o small spot or flu% ( vivid    
orange or r$4 ,n[ y "k h[ t]rible yell[ 

& r$ may be made to look 9 a w9d[2 = y h
 se5 ruby robes 9 conjunction )         
yell[-/a91 or ! /ill m horrible         
comb9ation :]e ruby has be5 acid$ (f f a
 yell[ base4 ,b x is a "q ( ! actual    
quality ( ! two t9ts & also ( _!        
quantity4 ,:at ,i h spok5 ( looks       
horrible because ! yell[ is ( a brassy  
tone1 z /a9 s (t5 is1 especially on     
gre5-:ite glasses1 & ! r$ incl9+ to     
puce--jam-col\r4 ,x is no use talk+1    
!re=e1 ( r$ & yell[--we mu/ say :at r$ &
 :at yell[1 & h[ mu* ( ea*4 ,a          
mag5ta-col\r$ dahlia & a lemon put      
toge!r w\ld set1 ,i %\ld ?9k1 any tee?  
on edge2 yet ripe corn goes well )      
poppies1 b n too _m poppies--:ile if "o 
w+ ( our butt]fly 7 ( its pres5t yell[ &
 ! o!r w+ ( ! same sc>let z ! spot1 x   
w\ld be an ugly object in/ead ( "o ( !  
delights ( ,god4 ,x is int]e/+1 x is    
fasc9at+ to take ! h9t f su* ?+s--to    
spla% ! gold5 w+s ( y\r ,resurrection   
,angel z he rolls away ! /one ) sc>let  
beads ( sunrise1 n se5 b felt f :]e y /&

 on ! pavem5t bel[4 ,i want ! read] to  
fully grasp ?is "q ( quantity1 s ,i w   
in/ance ! fl[] ( ! mulle9 :i* conta9s   
almo/ ! v t9ts ( ! lemon1 & ! dahlia ,i 
quot$1 & yet is beautiful by virtue (   
its quantities3 :i* may be said to be ( 
a lemon yell[ & yet c be> 7ay6 c x n87 !
 little crimson /am5s 9 ! he>t ( x & its
 sage-gre5 leaves ar\nd4  ,& !re is ev5 
some?+ besides t9t & quantity4 ,! way y 
di/ribute y\r col\r matt]s v mu*4 ,"s 9 
wa%es1 "s 9 spla%es1 "s 9 spots1 "s 9   
/ripes4 ,:at w n d 9 "o way w (t5 be j  
"r 9 ! o!r3 yes1 & ! v way y treat y\r  
glass :5 all is *os5 & plac$            
toge!r--matt 9 "o place1 film 9 ano!r1  
*equ]+1 cross-hat*+1 clo?+ ! raw glass )
 texture & br++ out its nature & its    
life4  ,d n be afraid2 = ! ?+s t yet    
rema9 to d are numb]less4 ,d y l ! look 
( deep vivid v]milion-r$1 ^u d>k cold   
gre58 ,look at ! hip-load$ rose-bri>    
burn+ 9 ! la/ rays ( a r$ ,octob]       
sunset6 ,y get physical pleasure f !    
sight2 ! eye seems to vibrate to !      

h>mony z ! e> enjoys a *ord /ruck ^u !  
/r+s4 ,!re=e d n fe>4 ,b m9d1 x mu/ be 9
 nature's actual col\r1 n m]ely gre5 &  
r$3 = ,i once saw ! head ( a celebrat$  
tragic actress pa9t$ by a ,dut* arti/   
:o1 to make x z dea?ly z he c\ld1 _h    
plac$ ! a%5 face ^u a backgr\nd (       
em]ald-gre5 ) spots ( actual r$         
seal+-wax4 ,! eye 0 s affect$ t ! col\rs
 swung to & fro1 produc+ 9 a %ort "t a  
nausea l sea-sickness4 ,t is n pleasure4
  ,! tra9+ ( ! col\r-s5se1 l all else1  
%\ld be gradual2 spr++ z x 7 f small    
se$4 ,be retic5t1 try small ?+s fir/4 ,y
 are n likely to be ask$ to d a great   
w9d[ all at once1 ev5 if y h ! mis=tune 
to be an indep5d5t arti/ approa*+ ?is   
new art )\t a gradual tra9+ "u ! s]vice 
( o!rs4 ,try "s simple s*eme f ! ?+s (  
,nature4 ,hyac9?s look well ) _! leaves3
 !re=e t gre5 & t blue1 ) ! :ite (      
,april cl\ds & ! black ( ! tree-/ems 9 !
 wood are col\rs t c be us$ toge!r4  ,y 
mu/ be prep>$ to f9d almo/ a sort (     
p5alty 9 ?is habit ( look+ at ev]y?+ ) !

 eye ( a /a9$-glass arti/4 ,"o seems    
aft] a "t to see natural objects )      
numb]s atta*$ to !m correspond+ ) !     
numb]s ( "o's glasses 9 ! racks3        
butt]flies fly+ ab\t labell$ ,no4 #ej1  
deep1 or #ge;a1 pale1 or a bit ( #abc1  
special /reaky 9 ! sunset4 ,b if "o does
 n obtrude ?is s z to bore "o's fri5ds1 
! little p]sonal discom=t1 if x exi/s1  
is a v small price to pay = ! delight ( 
liv+ 9 ?is glori\s fairyl& ( col\r4  ,d 
n ?9k x b5ea? y\r dignity or z if y 7   
%irk+ "s vital arti/ic obligation1 to   
take h9ts f ^! natural objects1 or f    
anci5t or mod]n glass1 9 a p]fectly     
frank & simple mann]2 nay1 ev5 to mat*  
y\r :ole col\r s*eme1 t9t = t9t1 by !m  
if x seems well to y4 ,y may get help   
any:]e & f any?+1 & z mu* z y l2 x w    
only be s mu* m *ance = y2 s mu* ri*] a 
/ore to *oose f1 s mu* /rong] res\rce to
 guide to good end2 = aft] all1 ) all ! 
helps y c get1 mu* lies 9 ! do+4 ,d :at 
y l !n--z a *ild3 b be sure y d l x3 &  
if ! w9d[ wants a bit ( any p>ticul>    

t9t1 put x !re1 mean+ or no mean+4 ,if  
!re is no robe or o!r feature to excuse 
& acc\nt = x 9 ! spot :i* seems to crave
 = x1--put ! col\r 91 any:]e & anyh[--9 
! backgr\nd if ne$ be--a sudd5 orange or
 ruby qu>ry or bit ( a qu>ry1 z if ! ?+ 
7 done 9 pure/ wayw>dness4 ,y w\ld l a  
bit !re if !re 7 an excuse = x8 ,!n !re 
is an excuse--! be/ ( all--t ! eye dem&s
 x4 ,d x fe>lessly4  ,b to "w 9 ?is way 
7x h>dly ne$ be said7 y mu/ wat* & "w at
 y\r glass y\rself2 = ^! h9ts come late 
on 9 ! "w1 :5 col\r1 light & %ade1 &    
design are all fus+ toge!r into a       
h>mony4 ,y c no m =eca/ ^! f9al         
accid5ts1 :i* are ! fl[] & cr[n & f9i% (
 ! :ole1 ?an y c\ld =eca/ ! lo/ ,*ord2--
       ,:i* came f ! s\l ( ! organ1     
,& ent]$ into m9e4  ,x comes f ! s\l ( !
 w9d[4  ,we all "k ! feel+--! climaxes1 
exceptions1 surprises1 susp5sions1 9 :i*
 h>mony delights2 ! *ange f ! la/ b> ( !
 ov]ture to ! fir/ ( ! op5+ recitative 9
 ! ,messiah1 ! *ord ^u :i* ! victor is  
cr[n$ 9 ,! ,mei/]s+]s1 ! #ei? & #fj? b>s

 9 ,h&el's ,e ,valley4 7,i hope "s ( u  
are old-fa%ion$ en\gh to be una%am$ (   
/ill believ+ 9 ,h&el67  ,or if x may be 
said t ^! are h>dly examples ( ! k9d (  
accid5tal ?+s ,i h spok5 (1 be+ r1      
inde$1 ! delib]ately arrang$ climax to  
:i* ! :ole con/ruction has be5 lead+1 ,i
 w\ld in/ance ! #ab? 7complete7 b> 9 !  
ov]ture to ,tannhdus]1 ! #bj? & #bbnd b>
 9 ,*op9's ,fun]al ,m>*1 ! *ange f !    
m9or to major 9 ,s*ub]t's ,romance f    
,rosamunde1 & ! #bd? b> 9 8 ,s]5ade     
7,/a5d*571 ! #ac? & foll[+ b>s ( !      
,cresc5do 9 ! ,l>go ,appassionato (     
,bee?ov5's ,op4 #b4 ,or if y wi% to h an
 example :]e all is exception1 l "o ( ! 
s\? nave w9d[s 9 ,york ,m9/]1 ! op5+ ( !
 ,sonata ,appassionata1 ,op4 #eg4  ,n[  
h[ c y =eca/ su* ?+s z ^!6  ,let me draw
 ano!r in/ance f actual practice4 ,i 0  
once pa9t+ a figure ( a bi%op 9 :at ,i  
meant to be a d>k gre5 robe1 ! k9d (    
black1 & yet vivid1 gre5 ( ! summ]      
leafage ( ! oak2 = x 0 ,/4 ,boniface :o 
cut d[n ! hea!n oak ( ,frisia4 ,b !     

orphreys ( 8 cope 7 to be embroid]$ 9   
gold ^u ?is gre51 & !re=e ! patt]n _h   
fir/ to be add$ out 9 :ite ^u a         
blue-fla%$ glass1 :i* yell[ /a9 ov] all 
w\ld aft]w>ds turn into gre5 & gold4 ,& 
:5 all 0 prep>$ & ! /a9+ %\ld h foll[$1 
my head man s5t = me to come to ! %op1 &
 !re hung ! figure ) its d>k gre5 robe )
 orphreys ( deep blue & silv]4  ,i ?\ght
 y'd l to look at x be=e we /a9$ x1 said
 he4  ,,/a9 ,,x6 ,i said4 ,i w\ldn't t\*
 x2 n = sixp5ce ?ree-f>?+s6  ,!re 0 a   
sigh ( relief all r\nd ! %op1 & ! reply 
01 ,well1 s we all ?\ght6  ,j s2 !re=e !
 figure rema9$1 & s 0 erect$ 9 its      
place4 ,n[ suppose ,i _h _h m5 :o did   
:at !y 7 told1 in/ead ( be+ enc\rag$ to 
?9k & feel & sugge/8  ,a s]i\s ^w to y  
ab\t ?is "q ( /a9+4 ,x is a res\rce v   
easily op5 to abuse--to excess4 ,be     
c>eful ( ! dang]1 & nev] /a9 )\t fir/   
try+ ! effect on ! back ( ! easel-plate 
) pure gamboge1 & if y wi% = a v cle>   
orange-/a91 mix ) ! gamboge a little    
ord9>y r$ ink4 ,x is too mu* ! cu/om to 

pick out e bit ( silv] canopy "w )      
dott+s & /rip+s ( yell[4 ,a little      
sometimes w>ms up pleasantly :at w\ld be
 too cold--& ! old m5 us$ x ) effect3 b 
! mod]n t5d5cy1 z is ! case 9 all ?+s   
m]ely imitative1 is to ov]do x4 ,= ! old
 m5 us$ x v diff]5tly f ^? :o copy !m 9 
! way ,i am speak+ (1 &1 to beg9 )1 us$ 
x *iefly on pure :ite glass4 ,mu* mod]n 
canopy "w is done on gre5i%-:ite1 ^u :i*
 ! /a9 imm$iately becomes t gre5i%-yell[
 t ,i h call$ brassy4 ,a little ( ?is c 
be borne1 :5 side by side ) x is plac$  
/a9 ^u pure :ite4 ,! read] w easily f9d1
 if he looks = !m1 pl5ty ( examples 9   
old glass1 :]e ! /a9 ^u ! :ite glass has
 tak5 ev5 a rosy t+e exactly l t ( a    
yell[ crocus se5 ?r\gh its :ite %ea?4 ,x
 is p]haps ow+ p>tly to pat9a on ! old  
glass1 :i* scumbles x2 b ,i h myself    
sometimes succe$$ 9 gett+ ! same effect 
by us+ yell[-/a9 on pure :ite glass4 ,a 
:ole w9d[1 :]e ! highe/ light is a      
gre5i% :ite1 is to me v unpleasant1 & :5
 9 addition yell[-/a9 is us$1 unbe>able4

 ,?is became a fa%ion 9 /a9$-glass :5   
r$-lead-col\r$ pigm5ts1 />t$ by ,b>ff's 
=mula1 came into g5]al use4 ,!y c\ld n  
be us$ on pure :ite glass1 & !re=e pure 
:ite glass 0 disc>d$ & gre5i%-:ite us$  
in/ead4 ,i c only say t if ! practice ( 
/a9$-glass 7 pres5t$ to me ) ?is        
condition--( ab/a9+ f ! use ( pure      
:ite--,i w\ld try to le>n "s useful     
trade4  ,!re is ano!r "q ( ideals 9 !   
treatm5t ( col\r 9 /a9$-glass ab\t :i* a
 ^w mu/ be said4  ,^? :o are en?usia/ic 
ab\t ! mat]ial ( /a9$-glass & its       
improvem5t are apt to condemn ! degree (
 heav9ess ) :i* w9d[s are ord9>ily      
pa9t$1 & ?is to "s ext5t is a j         
criticism4 ,b ,i _c g ! l5g? ( ?9k+ t   
all matt-pa9t+ %\ld be avoid$1 & outl9e 
only us$2 or t /a9$-glass mat]ial c1    
except "u v unusual conditions & 9      
exceptional situations1 be indep5d5t (  
?is res\rce4 ,z to !                    
slab-glasses--,e>ly-,engli%1 ,norman1 or
 /amp$-circles--:i* are *iefly affect$  
by ?is "q1 ! texture & surface ^u :i* _!

 special "* dep5ds is sometimes a v     
useful res\rce 9 "w se5 aga9/1 or p>tly 
aga9/1 backgr\nd ( trees or build+s2    
:ile aga9/ an entirely borr[$ light     
p]haps1 sometimes1 x c almo/ disp5se )  
any pa9t+4 ,! grey %ad[s t come f !     
backgr\nd play ab\t 9 ! glass & modify  
its tones1 do+ ! "w ( pa9t+1 & do+ x mu*
 m beautifully4 ,b ?is advantage _c     
always be _h1 = x vani%es aga9/ cle>    
sky4 ,x is all1 !re=e1 a "q ( situation 
& ( aspect1 & ,i believe ! "r rule to be
 to d 9 all cases :at seems be/ = e     
individual bit ( glass--t ea* piece %\ld
 be c>$ = on its m]its & nurs$1 s to    
speak1 & its qualities br\ght out & its 
beauty height5$ by any & e means1 j z if
 x 7 a jewel to be cut 7or left uncut7  
or foil$ 7or left unfoil$7--z ,b5v5uto  
,cell9i w\ld treat1 z he tells y he did 
treat1 preci\s /ones4 ,!re is a fa%ion  
n[ ( ?9k+ t gems %\ld be uncut4 ,well1  
gems are h>dly a fair comp>ison 9       
discuss+ /a9$-glass2 = 9 glass :at we   
aim at is ! effect ( a composition &    

comb9ation ( a multitude ( ?+s1 :ile    
gems are individual ?+s1 = ! mo/ "p1 to 
be look$ at sep>ately4 ,b ,i w\ld n lay 
d[n a rule ev5 ab\t gems4 ,c]ta9ly !    
univ]sal1 awkw>d1 facet+ ( all preci\s  
/ones--:i* is a relic ( ! mid-,victorian
 p]iod--is a vulg>ity t "o is glad to be
 rid (2 b if "o wants = any reason !    
special sp>kle1 "h or !re1 :i* comes f  
x1 :y n use x8 ,i w\ld use x 9          
/a9$-glass--h done s4 ,if ,i h got my   
w9d[ already brilliant & ! :ites pure   
:ite1 & /ill want1 ov] & above all ?is1 
my ,/> ( ! ,nativity1 let u say1 to     
sp>kle out ) a light t _c be its own1   
%all ,i n use a facet$ jewel ( glass1   
=ty feet f ! eye1 :]e none c see :at x  
is b only :at x does1 j because x w\ld  
be a gross vulg>ity to use x :]e x w\ld 
pret5d to be a diamond8  ,! safe guide  
7z f> z !re c be a guide :]e ,i h       
ma9ta9$ t !re %\ld n be a rule7 is1     
surely1 to g5]ally get ! dep? ( col\r t 
y want by ! glass itself1 if y c1 &     
!re=e ) t aim to deal ) ri*1 full-col\r$

 glass & to promote its manufacture4 ,b 
?is be+ once done & ! res\rce c>ri$ to  
its full limit1 !re is no reason :y y   
%\ld d5y y\rself ! fur!r res\rce ( t\*+ 
x ) pigm5t to any ext5t t may seem fit  
to y z an arti/1 & necess>y to get !    
effect ( col\r & texture t y are aim+   
at1 9 ! ?+ se5 z a :ole4 ,z to !        
exagg]ation ( mak+ accid5tal /reaks 9 ! 
glass d duty = folds ( drap]y1 &        
manufactur+ glass 7z has be5 done7 to   
meet ?is purpose1 ,i hold ! ?+ to be a  
gross degradation & an entire           
misconception ( ! relation ( mat]ials to
 art4 ,y may also lay ?is to m9d1 z a ?+
 wor?y ( consid]ation1 t all old glass 0
 pa9t$1 & t no s*ool ( /a9$-glass has   
ev] exi/$ :i* made a pr9ciple ( refus+  
?is aid4 ,i w\ld nev] argue f ?is t su* 
_c exi/1 b x is a ?+ to be ?\ght on4    
,?r[ y\r net1 !n1 into e sea1 & cat* :at
 y c4 ,le>n :at purple is1 9 ! nor?     
ambulatory at ,york2 :at gre5 is1 9 !   
ea/ w9d[ ( ! same1 9 ! ante-*apel ( ,new
 ,college1 ,ox=d1 & 9 ! ,adam & ,eve    

w9d[ 9 ! nor? aisle at ,fair=d2 :at blue
 & r$ are1 9 ! glori\s ea/ w9d[ ( ! nave
 at ,gl\ce/]1 & 9 ! gl[ & gloom (       
,*>tres & ,cant]bury & ,k+'s ,college1  
,cambridge4 ,& :5 y h got all ^! ?+s 9  
y\r m9d1 & ga!r$ lavi%ly 9 ! field (    
,nature also1 face y\r problem ) a he>t 
heat$ ?r\gh ) ! memory ( !m all1 & ) a w
 brac$ z to a great & ardu\s task1 b "o 
( ri* rew>d4 ,= rememb] ?is 7& s let u  
draw to an end71 t 9 any l>ge w9d[ !    
spaces are s great & ! problems s num]\s
 t a few col\rs & gr\p+s ( col\r1 h[ev] 
well *os51 w n suffice4 ,set out ! ma9  
s*eme ( col\rs fir/3 ^? t %all lead &   
prepond]ate & convey y\r mean+ to ! m9d 
& y\r int5d$ impression to ! eye4 ,b if 
y /op "h1 ! effect w be h>d & co>se &   
cold-he>t$ 9 its h>monies1 a lot ( bang+
 notes l a b& all brass1 n out ( tune   
p]haps1 b crav+ = ! inf9ite embroid]y ( 
! /r+s & wood4  ,:51 !re=e1 ! ma9       
relations ( col\r h be5 all set out &   
decid$ = y\r w9d[1 turn y\r att5tion to 
small diff]5ces1 to h>monies r\nd !     

h>monies4 ,make ea* note into a *ord1   
ea* t9t into a gr\p ( t9ts1 n only !    
/rong & bold1 b also ! subtle & t5d]2 d 
n miss ! value ( small modifications (  
t9t t s(t5 brilliance into gl[4 ,/udy h[
 ,nature does x on ! petals ( ! pansy or
 sweet-pea4 ,y ?9k a pansy is purple1 & 
!re an end8 b cut out ! pale yell[ b&1 !
 orange c5tral spot1 ! fa9t lilacs &    
:ites 9 betwe51 & :]e is y\r pansy gone8
         99       99       99       99  
99  ,& "h ,i mu/ n[ leave x to y4 ,b "o 
la/ little h9t1 & d n smile at its      
simplicity4  ,= ! problem1 aft] all1 :5 
y h ga!r$ all ! h9ts y c f nature or !  
pa/1 & collect$ y\r res\rces f h[ev]    
v>i$ fields1 resolves itself at la/ into
 "o "q--,h[ %all ,i d x 9 glass8 ,& !   
practical solv+ ( ?is problem is 9 !    
h&l+ ( ! actual bits ( col\r$ glass :i* 
are ! tools ( y\r craft4 ,& = manipulat+
 ^! ,i h f\nd no?+ s good z t           
old-fa%ion$ toy--/ill my own delight :5 
a sick-b$ en=ces idl5ess--!             
kaleidoscope4 ,a sixp5ny "o1 pull$ to   

pieces1 w give y ! k ( h[ to make x2 & y
 w f9d a ,ba?-,oliv] biscuit-t91 or a   
l>ge-siz$ millbo>d po/al-roll w make an 
excell5t in/rum5t4 ,b ! =m] is be/1     
because y also !n h ! lid & ! end4 ,if y
 cut away all ! end ( ! lid except a rim
 ( "o-eigh? ( an in*1 & ins]t 9 its     
place ) cem5t a piece ( gr\nd-glass1 &  
!n1 inside ?is1 h ano!r lid ( cle> glass
 cem5t$ on to a rim ( wood or millbo>d1 
y c1 9 ! space betwe5 ! two1 place *ips 
( ! glasses y ?9k ( us+2 &1 replac+ !   
:ole on ! in/rum5t1 a few m9utes ( turn+
 ) ! h& w give y1 n hundr$s1 b ?\s& (   
*anges1 bo? ( ! arrangem5t1 &1 :at is f>
 m important1 ( ! proportions ( ! v>i\s 
col\rs4 ,y c ?us 9 a few mom5ts wat* !m 
pass ?r\gh an almo/ inf9ite succession (
 *anges 9 _! relation to ea* o!r1 & =m  
y\r judgm5t on ^? *anges1 *oos+ f9ally t
 :i* seems be/4 ,& ,i really ?9k t !    
fact ( ^! comb9ations be+ pres5t$ to u1 
z !y are by ! action ( ! in/rum5t1      
arrang$ 9 ord]$ %apes1 is a help to !   
judgm5t 9 decid+ on ! h>monies ( col\r4 

,x is natural t x %\ld be s4 ,ord] is   
,heav5's fir/ law4 ,& x is "r t we %\ld 
rejoice 9 ?+s ord]$ & arrang$1 z !      
savage 9 8 /r+ ( beads1 & reasonable t  
we %\ld f9d x easi] to judge !m 9 ord] r
 ?an confus$4  ,ea* 9 8 place4 ,h[ good 
a ?+ x is6 h[ mu* to be desir$6 h[ well 
if we ourselves c\ld be s1 & "k ( !     
patt]n t we make6 ,= our lives are l !  
brok5 bits ( glass1 sadly or brightly   
col\r$1 jo/l$ ab\t & %ak5 hi!r & ?i!r1 9
 a seem+ confusion1 :i* yet we hope is  
some:]e held up to a light 9 :i* ea* "o 
meets ) 8 own1 & holds 8 place2 &1 to ! 
,eye t wat*es1 plays 8 "p 9 a univ]sal  
h>mony by u1 z yet1 unse54  #a ,we/ ( ! 
road betwe5 ,welwyn & ,hit*94           
,,*apt] ,,xvii  ,,( ,,ar*itectural      
,,fitness   ,come1 9 ?\ght1 read]1 & /& 
9 quiet village *ur*es1 ne/l+ among/    
trees :]e rooks are build+2 or 9 gaps ( 
! *alk d[ns1 :]e ! village %elt]s f !   
w9d2 or 9 /ately ca!drals1 :]e ! aisles 
e*o to ! foot/ep & ! s\nd ( ! *imes     
comes d[n1 ) ! memory ( ! c5turies :i* h

 liv$ & di$4 ,"h ! old arti/s set _!    
h&m>k to live n[ !y are gone1 & we :o   
see x today see1 if our eye be s+le1 )  
:at s9c]ity !y built1 c>v$1 or pa9t$ _! 
he>t & life into ^! /ones4 ,9 su* a _s &
 = su* a memorial y too mu/ d y\r "w1 to
 be weigh$ by ! judgm5t ( ! com+ ages1  
:5 y 9 turn are gone1 9 ! same balance z
 !irs--p]haps ev5 side by side ) x4  ,& 
w y d>e to v5ture8 ,h no fe> if y also  
br+ y\r be/4 ,b if we ent] on "w l ?is z
 to a m]e m>ket = our w>es1 & ) no o!r  
?\ght ?an to make a brisk bus9ess ) ^? t
 buy & sell2 we well may pray t "s      
m]ciful sc\rge ( small cords drive u    
also h5ce to dig or beg 7:i* is m       
hon\rable71 le/ worse befall u6  ,& ,i d
 n say ^! ?+s because ?is or t place is 
,god's h\se4 ,all places are s1 & ! fir/
 t 0 call$ s 0 ! b>e hillside2 b because
 y are a man & h inde$ "h arriv$1 z !re 
! lonely travell] did1 at ! ar5a ( y\r  
wre/l+4 ,b1 grant$ t y mean to hold y\r 
own & put y\r /r5g? into x1 ,i h br\ght 
y to ^! grave walls to consult ) !m z to

 ! limits !y impose ^u y\r work+4  ,&   
p]haps ! mo/ important ( all is already 
obs]v$ by y\r be+ "h1 = x is important t
 y %\ld visit1 :5ev] possible1 ! place  
:]e y are to d "w2 if y are n able to d 
?is1 get all ! p>ticul>s y c z to aspect
 & surr\nd+s4 ,& yet a res]vation mu/ be
 made1 ev5 ^u all ?is2 = ev]y?+ dep5ds  
^u ! way we use x1 & if y only h an eye 
to ! %[+ (f ( y\r "w to advantage1      
treat+ ! *ur* z a m]e frame = y\r       
picture1 x w\ld be bett] t y\r w9d[ %\ld
 misfit & h to be cut d[n & alt]$1 or   
any?+ else happ5 to x t w\ld help to put
 x back & make x take second place4 ,x  
is s h>d to expla9 ^! ?+s s t !y _c be  
miscon/ru$2 b y rememb] ,i quot$ ! w9d[s
 at ,/4 ,philip's1 ,birm+ham1 z an      
example ( noble ?\ght & "w c>ri$ to !   
pit* ( p]fection & design4 ,b t 0 9 a   
classic build+1 ) l>ge1 pla91 s+le op5+s
 )\t trac]y4 ,d y ?9k ! arti/ w\ld h let
 himself g1 9 t full & ample way1 9 a   
beautiful ,go?ic build+ full ( lovely   
ar*itectural detail8 ,n s3 r w\ld he h  

made 8 pictures hang lightly & da9tily 9
 ! air among/ ! sl5d] %afts1 z 9 ,/4    
,m>t9's ,*ur* 9 ! same t[n1 at ,jesus   
,college & at ,all ,sa9ts' ,*ur*1       
,cambridge1 at ,tamwor?2 & 9 ,lyndhur/1 
& _m ano!r *ur* :]e ! ar*itecture1 to   
say tru?1 _h b sl5d] claims to su*      
respect4         99       99       99   
99       99  ,9 %ort1 y mu/ ?9k ( !     
build+ fir/1 & make y\r w9d[s help x4 ,y
 mu/ obs]ve its scale & ! spac+ &       
proportions ( its /yle1 & place y\r own 
"w1 ) :atev] new feel+ & new detail may 
be natural to y1 well )9 ^? circumscrib+
 b\nds4  ,b "h we f9d ourselves sudd5ly 
br\ght %>p up1 face to face ) a mo/     
difficult & ?orny subject1 ^u :i* we h  
ru%$ )\t kn[+ x4 ,mu/ we obs]ve !n 7y   
say7 ! /yle ( ! build+ into :i* we put  
our "w1 & n h a /yle ( our own t is     
native to u8  ,?is is contr>y to all y h
 be5 prea*+6 ,! old m5 did n s4 ,did !y 
n add ! fancies ( _! own "t to ! old "w1
 & fill ) _! da9ty1 bran*+ trac]y !     
sev]e1 r\nd-head$1 ,norman op5+s (      

,pet]bor\gh & ,gl\ce/]8 ,did            
fifte5?-c5tury m5 d ?irte5?-c5tury glass
 :5 !y _h to refill a w9d[ ( t date8    
,no4 ,nor mu/ y4 ,nev] imitate1 b graft 
y\r own "w on to ! old1 rev]5tly1 & only
 *ang+ f x s f> =? z y1 l itself1 h also
 a liv+ tradition1 spr++ f ma/]y (      
craft--naturally1 spontane\sly1 &       
inevitably4  ,:e!r we %all ev] aga9 h   
su* a tradition runn+ ?r\gh\t all ! arts
 is a ?+ t _c possibly be =etold4 ,b    
?ree ?+s we may be q sure (4  ,fir/1 t  
if x comes x w n be by way ( any        
imitative revival ( a pa/ /yle2         
,second1 t x w be 9 h>mony ) ! pr9ciples
 ( ,nature2 &  ,?ird1 t x w be f\nd$ ^u 
! crafts1 & br\ght ab\t by craftsm5     
work+ 9 x ) _! own h&s1 on ! mat]ials ( 
ar*itecture1 design+ only :at !y        
!mselves c execute1 & giv+ employm5t to 
o!rs only 9 :at !y !mselves c d4  ,a ^w 
ab\t ea* ( ^! ?ree conditions4  ,9 !    
c\rse ( ! v>i\s attempt$ revivals 9     
ar*itecture t h tak5 place dur+ ! pa/   
sixty ye>s1 x has be5 frequ5tly urg$ bo?

 by writ]s & ar*itects t we %\ld agree  
to revive "s "o /yle ( anci5t art t     
might aga9 become a national /yle (     
ar*itecture4 ,x w\ld1 inde$1 no d\bt be 
bett]1 if we mu/ speak 9 a dead         
language1 to agree to use only "o1      
in/ead ( our pres5t confusion ( tongues3
 b :at1 aft] all1 is ! adopt+ ( ?is     
pr9ciple at all b to engage once aga9 9 
! replant+ ( a full-gr[n tree--! mi/ake 
( ! ,r5aissance & ! ,go?ic revival      
repeat$8 ,su* ?+s nev] take firm root or
 e/abli% heal?y gr[? :i* lives & goes on
 ( its own vitality4 ,!y nev] succe$ 9  
obta9+ a natural1 national sympa?y &    
acceptance4 ,! movem5t is a s*ol>ly &   
academic "o1 & ! art s rema9s4 ,!       
reaction aga9/ x is always a return to  
mat]ials1 & almo/ always ! fir/ result (
 ?is is a revival ( simplicity4 ,p get  
tir$ ( be+ surr\nd$ ) elaborate m\ld+s &
 trac]ies & o!r ar*itectural features1  
:i* are n ! natural gr[? ( _! own day b 
( ano!r day long s9ce dead1 :i* _h o!r  
?\ghts & moods1 feel+s & aspirations4   

,let u h /raight=w>d masonry & simple   
op5+s1 & ornam5t !m ) some?+ f ,nature4 
,s 9 ! v mid/ ( ! pamp]$ & en]vat$      
ov]-ref9em5t ( ,roman decay1 ,con/ant9e 
did some?+ m ?an m]ely turn ! conqu]+   
eagle back1 aga9/ ! c\rse ( ! heav5s1 = 
:i* ,dante seems to blame him1#b :5 he  
e/abli%$ 8 capital at ,byzantium2 = !re 
at once ^u ! new soil1 & 9 less ?an a   
s+le c5tury1 sprang to life aga9 all !  
natural modes ( build+ & decoration t1  
despis$ z b>b>ic1 _h be5 ignor$ & =gott5
 amid ! ,roman luxury & %am4  ,x is a   
curi\s feature ( ^! late/ days ( ours t 
?is se>*+ aft] s9c]ity %\ld seem to be  
lead+ u t[>ds a simil> revival2 tak+ ev5
 v mu* ! same =ms4 ,we w5t back1 at ! "t
 ( ! ,go?ic revival1 to ! =gott5 ,go?ic 
art ( /a9$-glass2 n[ tir$1 z x w\ld     
seem1 ( ! ins9c]ity & m]e _s ( imitation
 ) :i* x & simil> arts h be5 practis$1 a
 numb] ( u appe> to be ready to ?r[ x   
aside1 along ) s*ol>ly m\ld+s &         
trac]ies1 & build our arts afre% out ( !
 gr\nd1 z 0 done by ! ,byzant9es1 ) pla9

 brickwork1 mosaic1 & mat*$ slabs (     
m>ble4 ,def9ite examples 9 rec5t        
ar*itecture w occur to ! read]4 ,b ,i am
 ?9k+ less ( ^!--:i* = ! mo/ "p are     
delib]ate & s*ola/ic revivals ( a       
p>ticul> /yle1 f\nd$ on ! /udy ( previ\s
 examples & execut$ on rigid academic   
me?ods--?an ( :at appe>s to be a        
widespread awak5+ to pr9ciples (        
simplicity1 s9c]ity1 & common s5se 9 !  
arts ( build+ g5]ally4 ,signs are n     
want+ ( a reviv$ int]e/ 9 build+--a     
reviv$ int]e/ 9 mat]ials = _! own sake1 
& a reviv$ practice ( p]sonally work+ 9 
!m & exp]im5t+ ) !m4 ,"o calls to m9d   
examples ( ^! ?+s1 gr[+ 9 numb]         
daily--pla9 & /rong furniture made ) !  
design]'s own h&s & )\t ma*9]y1 & enjoy$
 9 ! mak+--made = actual places &       
p]sonal ne$s & ta/es2 h\ses built 9 !   
same _s by ar*itects :o condesc5d to be 
masons also2 an ef=t "h & an ef=t !re to
 revive ! common ways ( build+ t us$ to 
prevail--& n s long ago--= ! ord9>y h\s+
 & uses ( c\ntry-folk & c\ntry-life1 &  

:i* gave u cottages1 b>ns1 & %$s ?r\gh\t
 ! l5g? & bread? ( ! l&2 simple ?+s =   
simple ne$s1 built by simple m51 )\t    
self-consci\sness1 = actual use &       
pleasant dwell+2 traditional con/ruction
 & ! habits ( mak+ belong+ to !         
c\ntry-side4 ,^! /ill l+] 9 ! "t-hon\r$ 
ways ( mak+ ! waggon & ! c>t & ! pl\gh2 
b !y h vani%$ f ar*itecture & build+    
except 9 s f> z !y are be+ n[1 z ,i h   
said1 consci\sly & delib]ately reviv$ by
 m5 :o are go+ back f academic me?ods1  
to f\nd _! arts once m ^u ! actual mak+ 
( ?+s ) _! own h& & z _! h& & mat]ials w
 guide !m4  ,?is 0 :at happ5$ 9 ! "t to 
:i* ,i h ref]r$3 9 ! dawn ( ! ,*ri/ian  
era & ( a new civilisation2 & x has     
special int]e/ = u ( today1 because x 0 
n a case ( an infant or savage race1    
beg9n+ all ?+s f se$2 b ! revival1 z 9  
,sp>ta1 c5turies be=e x1 ( simplicity & 
s9c]ity ( life1 9 ! mid/ ( en]vation1   
luxury1 & decay4  ,?is seems our hope = 
! future4  ,!re has already ga!r$ toge!r
 9 ! great field ( ! arts ( today a     

little ,byzantium ( ! crafts sett+      
itself to le>n f ! beg9n+ h[ ?+s are    
actually made1 h[ built1 hamm]$1 pa9t$1 
cut1 /it*$2 ca/+ aside !ories &         
academical ?\ght1 & f\nd+ itself ^u     
simplicity1 & s9c]ity1 & mat]ials4 ,& ! 
ar*itect :o condesc5ds1 or1 z we %\ld r 
say1 aspires1 to be a build] & a        
ma/]-mason1 true director ( 8 craft1 w1 
if ?+s g on z !y seem n[ go+1 f9d 9 !   
ne> future a b& ar\nd him ( o!r work]s s
 m9d$1 & w h ^! bright tools ( !        
accessory crafts ready to 8 h&4 ,?is x  
is1 if any?+1 t w solve all ! vex$      
que/ions ( /yle1 & lead1 if any?+ w1 to 
! art ( ! times to be4 ,= ! reason :y ! 
n9ete5? c5tury compla9$ s con/antly t x 
_h no /yle ( ar*itecture 0 surely       
because x _h e /yle ( ar*itecture1 & a  
race ( ar*itects :o c\ld design 9 e /yle
 because !y c\ld build 9 no /yle2 knew  
by practical h&l+ & tool+ no?+ ( ! real 
natures & capacities ( /one or brick or 
wood or glass2 receiv$ no criticism f _!
 mat]ials2 :]eas ^! %\ld h daily & h\rly

 m\ld$ _! "w & =m$ ! v brea? ( its life1
 w>n+ & =bidd+ on ! "o h&1 sugge/+ on ! 
o!r1 & s direct+ ov] all4  ,i h ?\ght   
fit1 de> /ud5t1 to t\* on ^! great      
que/ions 9 pass+1 t y may "k :]e y /&2 b
 our real bus9ess is ) ourselves3 to    
make ourselves s secure ^u firm /&+     
gr\nd1 9 our own p>ticul> prov9ce1 t :5 
! h\r arrives1 x may f9d 9 u ! man4 ,let
 u !re=e return aga9 f ^! bright hopes  
to consid] ^? p>ticul> details (        
ar*itectural fitness :i* are our prop]  
bus9ess z work]s 9 glass4  ,:at1 !n1 9  
detail1 are ! rules t mu/ guide u 9     
plac+ w9d[s 9 anci5t build+s8 ,b        
fir/--may we place w9d[s 9 anci5t       
build+s at all8 ,no1 say "s2 because we 
h no "r to t\* ! pa/2 x is 're/oration1'
 a ^w t has cov]$1 9 ! pa/1 !y say 7& we
 mu/ agree ) !m71 a mass ( arti/ic crime
 nev] to be expiat$1 & ( loss nev] to be
 repair$4 ,yes1 say o!rs1 because new   
*ur*es w be old] 9 half-an-h\r--        
half-an-h\r old]2 = ! _w has mov$1 & :]e
 w y draw ! l9e8 ,also1 glass has to be 

r5ew$1 y mu/ put 9 some?+1 or "s "o mu/4
  ,let ea* decide ! "q = himself2 b1    
suppos+ y admit t x is p]missible1 :at  
are ! prop] re/rictions & conditions8   
,y mu/ n tell a lie1 or mat* old "w1    
jo9+ y\r own on to x z if itself 7 old4 
,%all we "w 9 ! /yle ( ! ,new art1      
!n--l'art ,n\veau8 ! /yle ( ! la/ new   
po/]8 ! art-tree1 ! art-bird1 !         
art-squirm1 & ! ace ( spades =m (       
ornam5t8  ,heav5 9 m]cy def5d u & =bid  
x6  ,canopies are v5]able2              
?irte5?-c5tury panels & bord]s are      
v5]able1 ! great traditional ve/m5ts are
 s1 & liturgy1 & symbolism1 & c]emony4  
,^! are n ?+s ( "o age alone1 b belong  
to all "t4 ,get1 :]ev] possible1        
au?ority on all ^! po9ts4  ,mu/ we "w 9 
a /yle1 !n--a ,go?ic /yle8  ,no4  ,:at  
rule1 !n8  ,x is h>d to =mulate s z to  
cov] all que/ions1 b some?+ ?us3--      
,take =ms1 & proportions1 & scale f !   
/yle ( ! *ur* y are to "w 94  ,add y\r  
own feel+ to x f--  7#a7 ,! feel+ ( !   
day1 b ! be/ & mo/ rev]5t feel+4  7#b7  

,f ,nature4  7#c7 ,f 7& ! :ole          
condition$ by7 mat]ials & ! k ( craft4  
,f9ally1 let u say t y mu/ consid] ea*  
case on its m]its1 & be ready ev5       
sometimes p]haps to admit t ! old :ite  
glass may be bett] = a c]ta9 position   
?an y\r new glass c\ld be1 :ile old     
/a9$-glass1 ( c\rse1 %\ld always be     
sacr$ to y1 a ?+ to be left unt\*$4 ,ev5
 :]e new "w seems ju/ifiable & to be    
dem&$1 proce$ z if tread+ on holy gr\nd4
 ,d n try crude exp]im5ts on v5]able &  
beautiful build+s1 b be mode/ & retic5t2
 "k ! /yles ( ! pa/ ?or\ghly & add y\r  
own fre% feel+ to !m rev]5tly4 ,& 9     
?\ght d n ?9k x necess>y to be novel 9  
ord] to be orig9al4 ,!re is q en\gh     
orig9ality 9 mak+ a noble figure ( a    
sa9t1 or treat+ ) rev]5t & dignifi$ art 
"s actual !me ( ,scripture or tradition1
 & work+ into its detail ! sweetness (  
nature & ! skill ( y\r h&s1 )\t go+ into
 ecc5tricity = ! sake ( novelty1 & into 
weak allegory to %[ y\r orig9ality &    
indep5d5ce1 tir$ ) ! _w-old tru?s & laws

 ( holy life & noble "*4 ,& ?is leads u 
to ! po9t :]e we mu/ speak ( ^! deep ?+s
 9 ! great prov9ce ( ?\ght4  #b         
,p>adise1 canto vi4 #a4     ,,*apt]     
,,xviii  ,,( ,,?\ght1 ,,imag9ation1 ,,& 
,,allegory   ,! fir/ ?+ "o %\ld dem& ( a
 man :o calls himself an arti/ is t he  
has some?+ to say1 "s tru? to tea*1 "s  
lesson to en=ce4 ,don't y ?9k s8  ,?us  
once said to me an arti/ ( respectable  
atta9m5t4  ,i don't c>e a hang =        
subject2 give me good col\r1            
composition1 f9e effects ( light1 skill 
9 te*nique1 t's all "o wants4 ,don't y  
?9k s8  ,?us once said to me a memb] ( a
 w9d[-committee1 himself also an arti/4 
,to bo? ,i answ]$1 & w\ld answ] ) all ! 
emphasis possible--,no6  ,! fir/ duty ( 
an arti/1 z ( e o!r k9d ( work]1 is to  
"k 8 bus9ess2 &1 unless he kn[s x1 all !
 tru?s he wi%es to tea*1 & ! lessons he 
wi%es to en=ce1 are b degrad$ &         
discr$it$ 9 ! eyes ( m5 by 8 bungl+     
advocacy4  ,on ! o!r h&1 ! arti/ :o has 
tra9$ himself to speak ) ! tongues (    

angels & aft] all has no?+ to say1 is   
also1 to me1 an imp]fect be+4 ,:at      
foll[s is writt51 z ! :ole book is      
writt51 = ! "y /ud5t1 j beg9n+ 8 c>e] & 
feel+ ! pressure & conflict ( ^!        
que/ions4 ,= su* ,i mu/ v5ture to       
discuss po9ts :i* ! wise & ! exp]i5c$   
may pass by4  ,! pres5t day is delug$ ) 
allegory2 & ! fir/ ?+ ?ree /ud5ts out ( 
f\r wi% to attempt :5 !y arrive at !    
/age ( orig9al art is ! pres5tation1 by 
figures & emblems1 ( "s deep ab/ract    
tru?1 "s problem ( ! great battle (     
life1 "s =ce ( ! univ]se t !y beg9 to   
feel ar\nd !m1 press+ ^u _! be+4 ,=ty   
ye>s ago su* a ?+ 0 h>dly he>d (4 ,9 !  
sket*+-clubs at ! ,academies ( t day1 ! 
hi/orical1 ! concrete1 or ! respectably 
pi\s 7 all t "o ev] saw4 ,we c h>dly    
realise x1 ! art ( ! late sixties4 ,!   
pre-,raphaelite bro!rhood1 z su*1 a ?+ (
 ! pa/1 & seem+ly leav+ few imitators4  
,burne-,jones j he>d ( z a /range1      
unkn[n arti/1 :o w\ldn't exhibit 8      
pictures1 b :o _h done "s que] new k9d (

 /a9$-glass w9d[s at ,lyndhur/1 :i* "o  
might p]haps be curi\s to see :5 we w5t 
7z ( c\rse we mu/7 to wor%ip ,leighton's
 great alt>-piece4 ,nay1 t5 ye>s lat]1  
at ! op5+ ( ! ,grosv5or ,gall]y1 ! new1 
imag9ative1 & allegorical art c\ld be   
met ) a l>ge measure ( d]ision1 & ,pun* 
c\ld write1 reg>d+ x1 an audaci\s &     
contemptu\s p>ody ( ! ,palace ( ,art2   
:ile1 abroad1 ,botticelli's ,primav]a   
hung ov] a door1 & ! att5dants at !     
,uffizii 7 puzzl$ by reque/s1 grant$    
grudg+ly 7if grant$71 to h 8 o!r        
pictures plac$ = copy+ & /udy6 ,times h 
altoge!r *ang$1 & we n[ see 9 e s*ool   
competition--(t5 set z ! subject (      
su*--ab/ract & allegorical !mes1 dem&+ =
 _! adequate expression ! highe/ &      
deepe/ ?\ght & ! noble/ mood ( m9d &    
views ( life4  ,x is impossible to lay  
d[n any h>d & fa/ rule ab\t ^! ?+s1 =   
ea* case mu/ diff]4 ,!re is su* a ?+ z  
g5ius1 & :]e t is !re is b small "q (   
rules or ev5 ( y\? or age1 maturity or  
immaturity4 ,& ev5 ap>t f ! "q ( g5ius !

 m9d ( *ildhood is a v preci\s ?+1 & !  
?\ghts ( y\? are long1 long ?\ghts4     
,nay1 ! m]e fact ( y\? ) its trials1 is 
a great ?+2 we %all nev] aga9 h su* a   
*ance1 su* fre%1 responsive he>ts1 su*  
capacity = feel+--= suff]+--t s*ool (   
wisdom & s\rce ( inspiration6 ,x is well
 to record its lessons :ile !y are fre%1
 to jot d[n = ourselves1 if we c1 some?+
 ( ! pass+ h\rs2 to /ore up _! ?\ghts & 
feel+s = future expression p]haps1 :5   
our p[]s ( expression h gr[n m wor?y (  
!m2 b x is n well to try to make        
univ]sal lessons out (1 or univ]sal     
applications (1 :at we hav5't ourselves 
le>n$4 ,our own prop] lesson at ?is "t  
is to le>n our trade2 to /r5g!n our weak
 h&s & tra9 ! ignorance ( our m9d to k  
day by day1 /r5u\sly1 & only spurr$ on  
by ! deep /irr+s ( ?\ght & life )9 u1   
:i* g5]ally ought to rema9 = ! pres5t   
unspok54  ,a great po9t ( happ9ess 9 ?is
 dang]\s & critical "t is to h a def9ite
 trade2 le>nt 9 its complet5ess &       
practis$ day by day1 /ep by /ep1 upw>ds 

f its elem5ts1 9 con/ant subs]vi5ce to  
wise & k9d ma/]%ip4 ,?is inde$ is a     
gold5 lot1 & "o r>e 9 ^! days2 & p]haps 
we mu/ n look to be s %ield$4 ,?is 0 !  
sob] & happy craftsman%ip ( ! ,middle   
,ages1 & produc$ = u all t imag]y &     
ornature1 in/9ct ) gaiety & simplicity (
 he>t1 :i* decorates1 :]e ! h& ( !      
ru?less re/or] has sp>$ x1 ! *ur*es &   
ca!drals ( ,europe4  ,b 9 ^! *angeful   
days x w\ld be ra% inde$ to =eca/ :]e   
lies ! sph]e ( duty = any individual    
life4 ,x may lie 9 ! recon/ruction by   
solit>y1 p]sonal exp]im5t1 ( "s =gott5  
art or sy/em1 ! quiet lay+ ( f\ndation =
 ! future r ?an build+ ! monum5t (      
today4 ,or p]haps ! self-devot$ life ( !
 se] may be ! ,age's *ief ne$1 & x is n 
a ,giotto t is want$ = ! tw5tie? c5tury 
b a ,dante or a ,blake1 ) ! accompany+  
de/9y ( hav+ to prove z !y did--        
si come sa di sale      ,lo pane altrui1
 e com'h duro calle      ,lo sc5d]e e'l 
salir p] l'altrui scale4#c  ,b1 h[ev] ^!
 ?+s be1 :e!r work+ happily 9 h>mony ) !

 s*eme ( ?+s ar\nd u1 & only conc]n$ to 
give x full expression1 or n2 :e!r we   
are ! =tunate appr5tices ( a well-taught
 trade1 ga9+ secure & advanc+ k day by  
day1 or :e!r we are lonely              
exp]im5tali/s1 wr++ ! secret f reluctant
 ,nature & ,art ^u "s untrodd5 pa?2 !re 
is "o la/ great pr9ciple t cov]s all    
conditions1 solves all que/ions1 & is an
 abid+ rock :i* rema9s1 unfail+         
f\ndation on :i* all may build2 & t is !
 con/ant measur+ ( our smallness aga9/ !
 greatness ( ?+s1 a ?+ :i*1 done 9 ! "r 
_s1 does n daunt1 b inspires4 ,= !      
greatness ( all ?+s is ours = ! w9n+1   
almo/ = ! ask+4  ,! great imag9ative    
poets & ?9k]s & arti/s ( ! mid-n9ete5?  
c5tury h drawn aside = u ! curta9 ( ! _w
 beh9d ! veil1 & he w\ld be an ambiti\s 
man :o w\ld expect to set ! m>k high]1 9
 type ( beauty or dep? ( feel+1 ?an !y h
 plac$ x = u2 b all mu/ hope to d s1 ev5
 if !y d n expect x2 = ! great !mes are 
n exhau/$ or ev] to be exhau/$2 & !     
/oreh\se ( ! great ?\ght & action ( !   

pa/ is ev] op5 to u to clo! our nak$ness
 & enri* our pov]ty2 we ne$ only ask to 
h4  ,ah6 said ,con+sby1 ,i %\ld l to be 
a great man4  ,! /rang] ?rew at him a   
scrut9is+ glance4 ,8 c\nt5ance 0 s]i\s4 
,he said 9 a voice ( almo/ solemn       
melody--  ,nurture y\r m9d ) great      
?\ghts4 ,to believe 9 ! h]oic makes     
h]oes4#d  ,all ! great ?\ghts ( ! _w are
 /or$ up 9 books1 & all ! great books ( 
! _w1 or ne>ly all1 h be5 translat$ into
 ,engli%4 ,y %\ld make x a sy/ematic "p 
( y\r life to se>* ^! ?+s out &1 if only
 by a page or two1 try h[ f> !y fit y\r 
ne$4 ,we d n en\gh realise h[ wide a    
field ?is is1 h[ great an und]tak+1 h[  
completely unatta9able except by        
c>efully husb&+ our "t f ! />t1 h[      
impossible x is 9 ! span ( a human life 
to read ! great books unless we /rictly 
save ! "t :i* s _m sp5d on ! little     
books4 ,rusk9's words on ?is subject1   
almo/ h>% 9 _! blunt common s5se1 br+ ! 
matt] home s well t ,i _c refra9 f quot+
 !m4#e  ,d y "k1 if y read ?is1 t y _c  

read t--t :at y lose today y _c ga9     
to-morr[8 ,w y g & gossip ) y\r         
h\semaid1 or y\r /able-boy1 :5 y may    
talk ) que5s & k+s2 or flatt] y\rselves 
t x is ) any wor?y consci\sness ( y\r   
own claims to respect t y jo/le ) !     
common cr[d = entrie "h1 & audi5ce !re1 
:5 all ! :ile ?is et]nal c\rt is op5 to 
y1 ) its society wide z ! _w1           
multitud9\s z its days1 ! *os51 & !     
mighty1 ( e place & "t8 ,into t y may   
ent] always2 9 t y may take fell[%ip &  
rank accord+ to y\r wi%2 f t1 once ent]$
 into x1 y c nev] be outca/ b by y\r own
 fault2 by y\r ari/ocracy ( companion%ip
 !re1 y\r own inh]5t ari/ocracy w be    
assur$ly te/$1 & ! motives ) :i* y /rive
 to take high place 9 ! society ( !     
liv+1 measur$1 z to all ! tru? & s9c]ity
 t are 9 !m1 by ! place y desire to take
 9 ?is company ( ! ,dead4  ,?is is !    
great _w ( ,,books t is op5 to y2 & h[  
%all y f9d y\r way 9 x1 9 ^! days1      
among/ ! ple?ora ( ! second & ?ird &    
f\r? rate1 %\t+ out at y & besieg+ y\r  

att5tion on e /all8 ,x is no m possible 
to give y entire guidance t[>ds ?is ?an 
to give complete advice on any o!r      
problem ( life2 y\r own nature mu/ be   
y\r guide1 *oos+ ! good & refus+ ! evil 
9 ! degree 9 :i* itself is good or evil4
 ,b "o may "n "s l&m>ks1 set up "s      
guide-po/s1 & ! be/ ( all guidance      
surely is n t ( a guide-po/1 b t ( a    
guide1 a k9dly h& ( "o :o kn[s ! way1 to
 take y\r h&4  ,d y ask = su* a guide8  
,a man ( our own day1 9 full view ( all 
its que/ions f ! l(tie/ to ! lea/1 &    
he>t & s\l engag$ 9 !m1 ) deep &        
sympa!tic wisdom born ( 8 own           
companion%ip ) all ! great ?\ghts ( !   
ages8 ,"o surely ne$ n hesitate a mom5t 
9 nam+ z ! "o = our special ne$s ! writ]
 we h j quot$4  ,scatt]$ up & d[n ! :ole
 ( 8 works is con/ant ref]5ce to &      
comm5t>y ^u ! great !mes ( all ages1 !  
great cre$s ( all peoples4  ,que5 ( !   
,air1 ,aratra ,p5telici1 ,ariadne       
,flor5t9a1 ,! ,morn+s 9 ,flor5ce1 ,/4   
,m>k's ,re/1 ,! ,ox=d ,inaugural        

,lectures1 ,! ,bible ( ,ami5s1 ,=s      
,clavig]a4  ,) ^! z portals y c ent] by 
easy /eps into ! :ole univ]se ( great   
?+s3 ! div9e my? & symbolism ( ! old    
pagan _w 7z we call x7 & ( m rec5t      
,*ri/5dom2 all ! mak]s ( anci5t ,greece 
& ,italy & ( our own ,engl&2 wor%ip &   
k+%ip & lead]%ip1 & ! high ?\ght & noble
 de$ ( all times4 ,& clu/]+ 9 gr\ps r\nd
 ^! c5tres is ! _w ( books4 ,all        
,!ology1 ,philosophy1 ,poetry1 ,sacr$   
,hi/ory2 ,hom]1 ,plato1 ,virgil1 !      
,bible1 & ! ,brevi>y4 ,! great doctors &
 sa9ts1 k+s & h]oes1 poets & pa9t]s1    
,g]ome & ,dom9ic & ,francis2 ,/4 ,l\is &
 ,coeur-de-,lion2 ,dante1 ,/4 ,j]ome1   
,*auc]1 & ,froiss>t2 ,botticelli1       
,giotto1 ,angelico2 ! ,gold5 ,leg5d2 &  
_m ano!r anci5t or mod]n leg5d & /ory or
 passage f ! hi/ory ( "s great & spl5did
 life1 or illum9at+ h9t ^u ! beauties ( 
liturgy & symbolism4 ,!y1 & a hundr$ o!r
 ?+s1 are all ga!r$ up & introduc$ to u 
9 ,rusk9's books2 & we are %[n !m f !   
exact /&po9t f :i* !y are mo/ likely to 

appeal to u1 & be ( use4 ,!re nev] 0 a  
great _w made s easy & pleasant (       
entrance = ! adv5tur+ travell]2 y h only
 to ent] & take possession4  ,d y incl9e
 t[>ds my? & symbolism & allegory--!    
expression ( ab/ract ?\ght by beautiful 
figures8 ,read ! my?s ( ,greece exp\nd$ 
to y 9 _! exquisite spirituality 9 !    
,que5 ( ! ,air4 ,or is y\r b5t devotion 
& ! dev\t life1 express$ 9 ?rill+ /ory &
 gorge\s col\r8 ,read1 say1 ! life ( ,/4
 ,ca!r9e or ( ,/4 ,george 9 ! ,gold5    
,leg5d4 ,or are y 9 love1 & w\ld express
 its spr+-"t beauty8 ,translate into y\r
 own native language ( =m & col\r ,!    
,romaunt ( ! ,rose4  ,= ! great safegu>d
 & guide 9 ! p]il\s =e/ ( fancy is to   
f9d en\gh int]e/ 9 ! actual facts ( "s  
hi/ory or ! qualities ( "s h]oic "*1    
:e!r real or fabl$1 r\nd :i* at fir/ y  
may gr\p y\r ?\ght & allegory4 ,li/5 to 
!m1 & try to =mulate & illu/rate _!     
mean+1 n to ann\nce y\r own4 ,d n set   
puzzles1 or set ?+s t w be puzzl+1 )\t !
 highe/ & deepe/ reasons & ! apo/le%ip  

urg5tly laid ^u y s to d--b let y\r     
allegory surr\nd "s def9ite subject1 s t
 m5 9 g5]al c see x & say1 ,yes1 t is s 
& s1 & g away satisfi$ r ?an puzzl$ &   
affront$2 leav+ ! inn] few = :om y      
really speak1 ! he>ts t1 y hope1 are    
wait+ = y\r message1 to f9d x out 7& y  
ne$ h no fe> t !y w d s71 & to say1     
,yes1 t means s & s1 & x is a good      
?\ght4  ,=1 rememb] always t1 ev5 if y  
conceive t y h a mission laid ^u y to   
decl>e ,tru?1 x is mo/ /]nly condition$ 
by an obligation1 z b9d+ z itself & ( z 
high au?ority1 to set =? ,beauty3 !     
hol9ess ( beauty equally ) ! beauty (   
hol9ess4 ,no am\nt ( good int5t c make  
up = lack ( skill2 x is y\r bus9ess to  
"k y\r bus9ess4 ,y\? always w\ld beg9 ) 
allegory1 b ! ambition ( ! good int5tion
 is g5]ally 9 exactly ! rev]se          
proportion to ! ability to c>ry x out 9 
expression4 ,b ! true allegory t appeals
 to all is ! pres5tm5t ( noble natures &
 ( noble de$s4 ,:]e1 = mo/ p at any     
rate1 is ! allegory 9 ! ,!seus or !     

,v5us ( ,milo8 ,yet is n ! :ole race (  
man ! bett] = !m8  ,"w1 !re=e1 quietly &
 cont9ually at ! great !mes ready set = 
y 9 ! /ory ( ! pa/ & und]/&$ ( ! p1 :ile
 y are pati5tly /r5g!n+ & matur+ y\r    
p[]s ( art 9 safety1 %elt]$ f y\rself1 &
 %elt]$ f ! condemnation due to ! too   
presumptu\s assumption ( apo/le%ip4 ,= x
 is "o ?+ to /& =? & say1 ,i h a message
 to deliv] to ! _w1 & q ano!r to say1   
,!re is su* a message1 & x has fall5 to 
me to be its m\?piece2 woe is me1       
because ,i am a man ( unclean lips4 ,x  
is ne$less1 !re=e--nay1 x is h>mful--to 
be always break+ y\r he>t aga9/ tasks   
beyond y\r /r5g?4 ,"w 9 "s little       
prov9ce2 get foo?old & gr[ outw>ds f x2 
g on f weakness to /r5g?1 & !n f /r5g?  
to ! /rong]1 do+ ! ?+s y c d :ile y     
practise t[>ds ! ?+s y hope to d1 &     
illu/rat+ imp]sonal !mes until ! "t     
comes = y to try y\r own individual     
battle 9 ! great _w ( ?\ght & feel+2    
till1 mature 9 /r5g? equal to !         
portrayal ( great natures1 ! ,angels (  

,god z %[n =? by y may be recognis$ z   
inde$ ,_s1 & ,8 ,m9i/]s z flam+ ,fire4  
,!re is ev5 yet "o la/ ^w1 & t is1 9 all
 ! m9or symbolism surr\nd+ y\r subjects1
 to obs]ve a due proportion4 ,= y may   
easily be tempt$ to all[ "s beautiful   
little fancy1 n ess5tial to ! subject1  
to f9d expression 9 a =m or symbol t w  
?ru/ itself unduly on ! att5tion1 & w   
only puzzle & di/ract4  ,nev] let little
 ?+s come fir/1 & nev] let !m be all[$  
at all to ! damage1 or impair+1 or      
obscur+ ( ! simplicity & dignity ( !    
great ?+s2 rememb]+ always t ! fir/     
function ( a w9d[ is to h /ately &      
seemly figures 9 beautiful glass1 & n to
 arre/ or di/ract ! att5tion ( !        
spectator ) puzzles4 ,giv5 ! great !mes 
adequately express$1 ! little fancies   
may !n clu/] r\nd !m & w be c>ri$       
lightly1 z ! victor we>s 8 wrea?2 :ile1 
on ! o!r h&1 if ^! be lack+ no am\nt (  
symbolism or attribute w supply _!      
place4 ,cucullus non facit mona*um1 z ! 
old prov]b says--,x is n ! hood t makes 

! monk1 b ! ascetic face y depict )9 x4 
,inde$1 r bew>e ( tru/+ ev5 to ! ord9>y1
 well-recognis$ symbols 9 common use1 & 
be+ misl$ by !m to ?9k y h done some?+ y
 h n done2 & r )hold ^! until ! o!r be  
made sure4 ,get y\r figures dignifi$ &  
y\r faces beautiful2 %[ ! maje/y or !   
sanctity t y are aim+ at 9 ^! alone1 &  
y\r sa9t w be recognis$ z sa9tly )\t 8  
halo ( glory1 & y\r angel z angelic )\t 
8 tongue ( flame4         99       99   
99       99       99  ,9 my own         
practice1 :5 draw+ f ! life1 ,i make a  
great po9t ( keep+ back all ^! ornam5ts 
& symbols ( attribute1 until ,i feel t  
my figure alone expresses itself fully1 
z f> z my p[]s g1 )\t !m4 ,no ornam5t ^u
 ! robe1 or ! crosi]1 or ! sword2 above 
all1 no circle r\nd ! head1 until--!    
figure /&+ out at la/ & seem+ to        
repres5t1 z ne> z may be1 ! true pa/or  
or w>rior x claims to repres5t--! mom5t 
arrives :5 ,i say1 ,yes1 ,i h done all  
,i c1--n[ he may h 8 nimbus6  #c        
h[ ta/es ( salt      ,! bread ( o!rs1 & 

h[ is h>d ! passage      ,to g d[n & to 
g up by o!r's /airs4                    
--,p>adise1 xvii4 #eh4  #d ,con+sby1    
,book iii4 *4 i4  #e ,sesame & ,lilies1 
,lecture #a4     ,,*apt] ,,xix       ,( 
,g5]al ,conduct & ,proc$ure--,am\nt (   
,legitimate      ,assi/ance--,! ,ord9>y 
,practice--,! ,great ,rule--,! ,second  
,great      ,rule--,f\r ,?+s to         
,obs]ve--,art v4 ,r\t9e--,! ,tru? ( !   
,case--,! ,p5alty ( ,virtue 9 !         
,matt]--,! ,comp5sat+                   
,privilege--,practical                  
,applications--,an ,economy ( ,"t 9 !   
,/udio--,indu/ry--,"w ,to ,ord]--,cli5ts
 & ,patrons--,&      ,reque/s           
,reasonable & ,unreasonable--,! ,*ief   
,difficulty !      ,*ief                
,opportunity--,b asc]ta9 all ,conditions
 be=e />t+      ,"w--,bus9ess           
,habits--,ord]--,accuracy--,sett+ out   
,c>toon      ,=ms--,an ,arti/ mu/       
,dream--,b ,wake--,?ree ,pla9 ,rules4   
,hav+ n[ describ$1 z well z ,i c1 ! :ole
 ( y\r equipm5t--( h&1 & head1 &        

he>t--y\r m5tal & te*nical weapons = !  
practice ( /a9$-glass1 !re n[ foll[ a   
few simple h9ts to guide y 9 ! use ( !m2
 h[ be/ to dispose y\r =ces1 & on :at to
 employ !m4 ,?is mu/ be a v brok5 &     
fragm5t>y *apt]1 full ( little ev]yday  
matt]s1 v diff]5t to ! high !mes we h j 
be5 try+ to discuss--& relat+ *iefly to 
y\r conduct ( ! ?+ z a bus9ess1 & y\r   
relation%ips ) ! int]e/s t surr\nd y2   
modes ( proc$ure1 bus9ess h9ts1         
practical matt]s4 ,i am sorry1 j z y 7  
beg9n+ 7,i hope7 to be w>m$ to !        
subject1 & fir$ ) ! high ambitions t x  
sugge/s1 to take & toss y into ! cold _w
 ( matt]-(-fact ?+s2 b t is life1 & we h
 to face x4 ,op5 ! door into ! cold air 
& let u bang at x /raight away6  ,n[ !re
 is "o great & pla9 "q t conta9s all !  
re/2 y d n see x n[1 b y w f9d x fac+ y 
be=e y h gone v f>4 ,! great "q1 ,mu/ ,i
 d x all myself1 or may ,i tra9 pupils &
 assi/ants8  ,let u fir/ amplify ! "q & 
get x fairly & fully /at$4 ,!n we %all h
 a bett] *ance ( be+ able to answ] x    

wisely4  ,i h describ$ or impli$ else:]e
 ! usual practice 9 ! matt] among/ ^? :o
 produce /a9$-glass on a l>ge scale4 ,9 
great e/abli%m5ts ! "w is divid$ up into
 bran*es3 design]s1 c>tooni/s1 pa9t]s1  
cutt]s1 lead work]s1 kiln-m53 none (    
:om1 z a rule1 "k any bran* ( ! "w      
except _! own4  ,obvi\sly "o ( !        
pr9cipal cont5tions ( ?is book is aga9/ 
! idea t su* division1 z practis$1 is an
 ideal me?od4  ,on ! o!r h&1 y w ga!r t 
! writ] himself uses ! s]vice (         
assi/ants4  ,:ile 9 ! plates at ! end   
are examples ( glass :]e ev]y?+ has be5 
done by ! arti/s !mselves 7,plates ,i41 
,,ii41 ,,iii41 ,,iv41 ,,vii474  ,i mu/  
freely confess t :5 ,i fir/ saw 9 ! "w (
 ^! m5 ! beauty result+ f ! p]sonal t\* 
( ! arti/ on ! :ole ( ! cutt+ & lead+1 a
 qualm ( d\bt arose :e!r ! practice (   
admitt+ any o!r h& to my assi/ance 0 n a
 compromise to "s ext5t ) absolute      
ideal2 :e!r x 7 n ! only "r plan1 aft]  
all1 to d ! :ole oneself2 to sit d[n to 
! b5* ) "o's draw+1 & pick out ! glass1 

piece by piece1 on its m]its1 c>efully  
consid]+ ea* bit z x pass$ ?r\gh h&2    
cutt+ x & trimm+ x affectionately to    
pres]ve its beauties1 &1 lat]1 lead+ x  
into its place ) ?ick] or ?9n] lead1 9 !
 same c>eful _s4 ,b ,i d n ?9k s4 ,i    
fancy ! tru? to be t ! :ole bus9ess %\ld
 be op5$ up to all1 & aft]w>ds ea* %\ld 
gravitate to 8 place by natural fitness4
 ,= ! c>tooni/ once hav+ ! :ole craft   
requires m con/ant practice 9 draw+ to  
keep himself a good c>tooni/ ?an he w\ld
 get if he also did all ! o!r "w ( ea*  
w9d[2 quantity be+ 9 ?is matt] ev5      
ess5tial to quality4 ,i ?9k we mu/ look 
= m monum5tal figures1 a*iev$ by !      
delegation ( m9or craft matt]s1 9 %ort1 
by co-op]ation4 ,nev]!less1 ,i h nev]   
felt less c]ta9ty 9 pron\nc+ on any "q (
 my craft ?an 9 ?is p>ticul> matt]2     
:e!r1 to get ! be/ atta9able results1 "o
 %\ld d ! :ole ( ! "w oneself4 ,on ! o!r
 h&1 ,i nev] felt m c]ta9ty 9 pron\nc+  
on any "q ( ! craft1 ?an n[ 9 lay+ d[n z
 an absolute rule & condition ( do+ good

 "w at all3 t "o %\ld be able to d !    
:ole ( ! "w oneself4 ,t is ! key to !   
:ole situation1 b x is n ! :ole key2 =  
foll[+ close ^u x comes ! rule t spr+s  
naturally out ( x2 t1 be+ a ma/]        
oneself1 "o mu/ make x "o's object to   
tra9 all assi/ants t[>ds ma/]%ip also3  
to give !m ! :ole ladd] to climb4 ,?is  
at lea/ has be5 ! case ) ! "w ( my own  
:i* is %[n 9 ! o!r collotypes4 ,!re has 
be5 assi/ance1 b e "o ( ^? assi/+ has _h
 ! opportunity to le>n to make1 &       
accord+ to ! degree ( 8 tal5t is        
actually able to make1 ! :ole ( a       
/a9$-glass w9d[ himself4 ,!re is n a t\*
 ( pa9t+ on any ( ! panels %[n :i* is n 
by a h& t c also cut & lead & design &  
draw1 & p]=m all ! o!r (fices p]ta9+ to 
/a9$-glass not$ 9 ! =ego+ pages4        
,speak+ g5]ally1 ,i c>e n :e!r a man    
calls himself ,br[n1 or ,br[n & ,co41   
or1 co-op]at+ ) o!rs1 works "u ! /yle ( 
,br[n1 ,jones & ,rob9son1 s long z he   
obs]ve f\r ?+s4  7#a7 ,n to direct :at  
he _c practise2  7#b7 ,to make ma/]s (  

appr5tices1 or aim at mak+ !m2  7#c7 ,to
 keep 8 h& ( ma/]y ov] ! :ole "w        
p]sonally at all /ages2 &  7#d7 ,to be  
prep>$ sometimes to make sacrifices (   
pr(it = ! sake ( ! ,art1 %\ld ! int]e/s 
( ! two cla%4  ,su* an "o we mu/ call an
 arti/1 a ma/]1 & a wor?y craftsman4 ,x 
is almo/ impossible to describe ! dead5+
 influ5ce :i* a r\t9e embody+ ! rev]se (
 ^! f\r ?+s has ^u ! m9d ( ^? :o %\ld be
 arti/s4 ,"u ?is influ5ce n only is !   
subdivision ( lab\r :i* places ea*      
successive op]ation 9 sep>ate h&s       
accept$ z a matt] ( c\rse1 b into ea*   
op]ation itself ?is sep>ation imports a 
_s ( lassitude & dulness & compliance ) 
false conditions & limit$ aims :i* w\ld 
seem almo/ incr$ible 9 ^? practis+ :at  
%\ld be an inspir+ art4 ,to m5 s tra9$1 
s employ$1 all c\nsels ( p]fection are  
fooli%ness2 all idea ( t5tative "w1     
exp]im5t1 modification :ile 9 progress1 
is look$ ^u z m]e delusion4 ,to !m "w   
consi/s ( a s]ies ( nev]-v>i$ =mulas1   
all fitt+ into ea* o!r & comb9$ to aim  

at produc+ a def9ite result1 ! l ( :i*  
!y h produc$ a ?\s& times be=e & w      
produce a ?\s& times aga94  ,) u1 once  
said1 to a fri5d ( ! writ]1 a man s     
tra9$1 x's a matt] ( judgm5t & exp]i5ce4
 ,x's all nons5se ?is talk ab\t see+ "w 
at a di/ance & aga9/ ! sky1 & s =?1 :ile
 z to ! ev] tak+ x d[n aga9 = ret\*+    
aft] once erect+ x1 t c\ld only be done 
by an amateur4 ,we pa9t a good deal ( ! 
"w on ! b5*1 & nev] see x z a :ole until
 x's lead$ up2 b !n we "k :at we want & 
get x4  ,we "k :at we want6 ,to :at a   
pass h we come t su* a ?+ c\ld be spok5 
by any "o engag$ 9 ! arts6 ,7 x :olly & 
univ]sally true1 no?+ m w\ld be ne$$ 9  
condemnation ( wide fields ( mod]n      
practice 9 ! ar*itectural & appli$ arts1
 =1 mo/ assur$ly x is a s5t5ce t c\ld   
nev] be spok5 ( any "o wor?y ( ! "n (   
arti/ t ev] liv$4 ,:5ce w\ld y l        
in/ances quot$8 ,lit]ature8 ,pa9t+8     
,sculpture8 ,music8 ,_! "n is legion 9 !
 hi/ory ( all ^! arts1 & 9 ! lives ( !  
great m5 :o wr\ght 9 !m4  ,= a ta/e--   

,did ,mi*ael ,angelo "k :at he want$ :51
 half-way ?r\gh 8 figure1 he f\nd !     
block n l>ge en\gh1 & _h to make ! limb 
too %ort8  ,did ,bee?ov5 "k1 :5 he      
evolv$ a movem5t 9 "o ( 8 conc]t$ pieces
 out ( a qu>rel ) 8 l&lady8 & ano!r1 f  
s++ or r ro>+ up & d[n ! scale1 until at
 la/ he said1 ,i ?9k ,i h f\nd a        
motive--z "o ( 8 biograph]s relates8    
,t5nyson1 :5 he correct$ & re-correct$ 8
 poems f y\? to 8 dea?8 ,du]]1 !        
precise1 ! p]fect1 able to say1 ,x _c be
 bett] done1 yet re-engrav+ a portion ( 
8 be/-kn[n plate1 & frankly leav+ !     
reject$ portion half eras$8#f ,titian1  
^: cu/om x 0 to lay aside 8 pictures =  
long p]iods & !n criticise !m1 imag9+ t 
he 0 look+ at !m ) ! eyes ( 8 wor/      
enemy8  ,!re is n1 ,i suppose1 9 !      
,engli% language a m p]fect poem ?an    
,lycidas4 ,x purports to h be5 writt5 9 
a s+le day1 & its :ol5ess & unity &     
cry/all9e complet5ess give good col\r to
 ! ?\ght t x probably 0 s4       ,?us   
sang ! unc\? swa9 to ! oaks & rills1    

,:ile ! /ill morn w5t out ) s&als gray2 
,he t\*$ ! t5d] /ops ( v>i\s quills1    
,) eag] ?\ght w>bl+ 8 ,doric lay3       
,& n[ ! sun _h /ret*$ out all ! hills1  
,& n[ 0 dropt into ! we/]n bay3      ,at
 la/ he rose1 & twit*$ 8 mantle blue2   
,to-morr[1 to fre% woods & pa/ures new4 
,yet1 reg>d+ x1 ! delightful ,*>les     
,lamb writes3#g--  ,i _h ?\ght ( !      
,lycidas z ( a full-gr[n beauty1--z     
spr++ ) all its p>ts absolute1--till1 9 
evil h\r1 ,i 0 %[n ! orig9al copy ( x1  
toge!r ) ! o!r m9or poems ( its au?or1 9
 ! libr>y ( ,tr9ity1 kept l some?+ to be
 pr\d (4 ,i wi% !y _h ?r[n !m 9 ! ,cam1 
or s5t !m1 aft] ! lat] cantos ( ,sp5s]1 
into ! ,iri% ,*annel4 ,h[ x /agg]$ me to
 see ! f9e ?+s 9 _! ore6--int]l9$1      
correct$1 z if _! words 7 mortal1       
alt]able1 displaceable at pleasure2 z if
 !y might h be5 o!rwise1 & j z good2 z  
if inspiration 7 made up ( p>ts1 & ^?   
fluctuat+1 successive1 indiff]5t6 ,i w  
nev] g into ! work%op ( any great arti/ 
aga91 nor desire a sight ( 8 picture1   

till x is fairly (f ! easel2 no1 n if   
,raphael 7 to be alive aga91 & pa9t+    
ano!r ,galatea4  ,b ! real tru? ( ! case
 is t :atev] inspiration may be1 & :e!r 
or n made up ( p>ts1 x1 or man's _s & w 
9 all works ( art1 has to deal ) ?+s s  
made up2 & n only s1 b also z describ$  
by ! o!r words "h *os53 fluctuat+1      
successive1 & indiff]5t4 ,y h to deal ) 
! :ole sum ( ?+s all at once2 ! possible
 mat]ial cr[ds ar\nd ! arti/'s w1 %ift+1
 *ang+1 pres5t+ at all /ages & 9 all    
details ( a "w ( art1 inf9ite & cont9ual
 *oice4 ,no?+1 we are told1 is s+le1 b  
all ?+s h relations ) ea* o!r4 ,h[ mu*  
m1 !n1 is x true t e bit ( glass 9 a    
w9d[ is ! c5tre ( su* relations ) its   
bro!r & si/] pieces1 & t no?+ is f9al   
until all is f9i%$8 ,a "w ( art is l a  
battle2 conflict aft] conflict1         
manoeuvre aft] manoeuvre1 comb9ation    
aft] comb9ation4 ,! g5]al does n p9     
himself d[n f ! outset to "o plan (     
tactics1 b wat*es ! field & m\lds its   
issues to 8 w1 accord+ to ! yield+ or ! 

resi/ance ( ! oppos+ =ces1 keep+ all ?+s
 solv5t until ! comb9ations ( ! /rife h 
wov5 toge!r into a soluble problem1 ^u  
:i* he c laun* ! f9al *>ge t %all br+   
him back ) victory4  ,s also is all art1
 & y mu/ hold all ?+s 9 susp5se4 ,aye6 !
 la/ t\* m or less ( light or %ade or   
col\r ^u ! smalle/ piece1 keep+ all op5 
& solv5t to ! la/1 until ! :ole ?+ ru%es
 toge!r & fuses into a h>mony4 ,x is n  
to be done by judgm5t & exp]i5ce1 = all 
?+s are new1 & !re are no two tasks !   
same2 & x is impossible = y f ! outset  
to "k :at y want1 or to "k x at any /age
 until y c say t ! :ole "w is f9i%$4  ,b
 if we "w on ^! me?ods we %all only get 
su* a small quantity ( "w done1 & x w be
 s co/ly done on a sy/em l t y speak (6 
,make my assi/ants ma/]s1 & s rivals6   
put a w9d[ 91 & take x out aga91 =soo?6 
,:at rem$y or answ] = ?is8  ,well--sett+
 aside ! "q ( ! m or less g5ius--!re are
 only two solutions t ,i c see3--an     
increase 9 indu/ry or a possible        
decrease 9 pr(it1 ?\gh mu* may be       

accompli%$ 9 mitigation ( ^! h>d        
conditions1 if !y prove too h>d1 by a   
good & economical sy/em ( "w1 & by      
"t-sav+ appliances & me?ods4  ,b1 aft]  
all1 y 7 n look+ out = an easy task1 7  
y1 9 ?is _w ( /ress & /ra9 to h !       
privileges ( an arti/'s life )\t its    
p5alties8 ,:y1 look y1 y mu/ rememb] t  
besides ! bus9ess ( sav+ y\r s\l1 :i* y 
may %>e 9 common ) e "o else1 y h !     
special privilege ( enjoy+ = its own    
sake y\r p]sonal "w 9 ! _w4  ,& y mu/   
expect to pay = t privilege at "s       
correspond+ p]sonal co/2 all ! m s 9 ^! 
days :5 y\r lot is s exceptional a      
=tune1 & :5 to enjoy daily "w falls to s
 few4 ,nev]!less1 :5 ,i say enjoy ,i d n
 mean t art is easy or pleasant 9 ! way 
t ease is pleasant2 !re is no?+ h>d]2 & 
! bett] ! arti/1 probably ! h>d] x is4  
,b y enjoy x because ( its privileges2  
because beauty is delightful2 because y 
"k t good art does high & unque/ion$    
s]vice to man1 & is ev5 "o ( ! ways = ! 
advanc+ ( ! k+dom ( ,god4  ,t %\ld be   

pleasure en\gh = any "o1 & comp5sation =
 any pa9s4 ,y mu/ le>n ! secret ( human 
suff]+--& y c only le>n x by ta/+       
x--because x is y\rs to po9t its mean+  
to o!rs & to give ! message ( hope4  ,9 
?is _s1 !n1 & )9 ^! limitations1 mu/ y  
guide y\r own "w & claim ! co-op]ation (
 o!rs1 & arrange y\r relation%ips ) !m1 
& ! limits ( _! assi/ance & y\r :ole    
p]sonal conduct & c\rse ( proc$ure3--   
,to be y\rself a ma/]4  ,to tra9 o!rs up
 to ma/]y4  ,to keep y\r h& ov] ! :ole4 
,to "w 9 a _s ( sacrifice4  ,^! ?+s once
 firmly e/abli%$1 que/ions ( proc$ure   
become simple4 ,b a few deta*$ h9ts may 
be giv54 ,i %all /r+ !m toge!r j z !y   
come4  ,an ,economy ( ,"t 9 !           
,/udio4--,h a portion ( y\r /udio or    
"w-room wall l9$ ) ?9                   
bo>d+--picture-back+ ( #a_/h in* ?ick is
 en\gh1 & ?is is to p9 ?+s on to4 ,!    
c>toon is :at y are busy ^u1 b y mu/ ?9k
 9 glass all ! "t y are draw+ x4 ,h     
!re=e1 p9n$ up1 a numb] ( slips (       
pap]--a foolscap half-%eet divid$       

v]tically into two long /rips ,i f9d    
be/4  ,on ^! write d[n e direction to ! 
cutt]1 or ! pa9t]1 or ! design] ( m9or  
ornam5t1 ! mom5t x comes into y\r m9d1 z
 y "w at ! *>coal draw+4 ,if y once let 
! mom5t pass y w nev] rememb] ^! ?+s    
aga91 b y w h !m con/antly =c$ back ^u  
y\r memory1 by ! mi/ranslations ( y\r   
int5tion :i* w face y :5 y fir/ see y\r 
"w 9 ! glass4 ,?is practice is a huge   
sav+ ( "t--& ( disappo9tm5t4 ,b y also  
want ?is conv5i5t wall space = a doz5   
o!r ne$s2 = trac+s & %ift+s ( p>ts1 &   
all sorts ( essays & sugge/ions =       
alt]ation4  ,t we %\ld "w always4--,i   
hope x is n necess>y to urge !          
importance ( "w4 ,x is n ( mu* use to "w
 only :5 we feel incl9$2 _m p v seldom d
 feel naturally incl9$4 ,p]haps !re are 
few ?+s s sweet z ! triumph ( work+     
?r\gh dis9cl9ation till x is leav5$     
?r\gh ) ! w & becomes enjoym5t by becom+
 conque/4 ,to "w ?r\gh ! dead ?ree      
o'clock p]iod on a ,july aft]noon ) an  
a*e 9 ! small ( "o's back & "o's limbs  

all a-j]k ) n]v\sness1 droop+ eyelids1 &
 a g5]al incl9ation to scream4 ,at su* a
 "t1 ,i fe>1 "o sometimes falls back on 
r l[ & sordid motives to act z a spur to
 ! le?>gic w4 ,i ?9k ( ! %ortness ( !   
"t1 ! greatness ( ! task1 b also ( all  
^? ho/s ( o!rs :o1 if ,i lag1 mu/ pass  
me 9 ! race4 ,n ( actual rivals--or good
 nature & s5se ( comrade%ip w\ld always 
break ! vision--b ( possible & unkn[n   
ones :om x is my habit to club all      
toge!r & typify "u ! /yle & title ( t   
fell[ ,jones4 ,& at su* a "t x is my    
habit to say or ?9k1 ,aha6 ,i bet ,jones
 is on 8 back "u a plane tree6--or      
?\ghts to t effect--& grasp ! *>coal    
firm]4  ,x is habits & dodges & ways (  
?9k+ su* z ^! t w gradually cultivate 9 
y ! ability to /& & deliv]1 z !y say 9 !
 decorative arts4 ,=1 speak+ n[ to !    
amateur 7if any su*1 picture-pa9t] or   
/ud5t1 are hesitat+ on ! br9k ( an art  
new to !m71 y mu/ "k t ^! arts are n l  
picture-pa9t+1 :]e y c *oose y\r own    
times & seasons3 !y are always done to  

def9ite ord] & expect$ 9 a def9ite "t2 &
 t br+s me to speak ( ! v important     
subject ( ,cli5ts4  ,( ,cli5ts &        
,patrons4--,x mu/1 ( c\rse1 be left to  
ea* "o to e/abli% 8 own relations ) ^?  
:o ask "w ( him2 b a few h9ts may be    
giv54  ,y w get _m reque/s t w seem to y
 unreasonable & impossible ( c>ry+      
out--"s no d\bt w really be s2 b at lea/
 consid] !m4 ,rememb] :at we said a     
little way back--n to be set on y\r own 
allegory1 b to accept y\r subject f     
outside & add y\r poetic ?\ght to x4 ,& 
also :at 9 ano!r place we said ab\t     
keep+ all solv5t--s d ) actual sugge/ion
 ( subject & ) ! wi%es ( y\r cli5t3     
treat ! :ole ?+ z raw mat]ial1 & all    
surr\nd+ que/ions z factors 9 "o g5]al  
problem4 ,"h also ,rusk9 has a pregnant 
^w ( advice--z inde$ :]e has he n8--,a  
great pa9t]'s bus9ess is to d :at !     
public ask ( him1 9 ! way t %all be     
helpful & in/ructive to !m4#h ,y _c     
always d :at p ask1 b y c d x m (t5 ?an 
a head/rong man w\ld at fir/ ?9k4  ,i 0 

once do+ a s]ies ( small squ>e panels1  
set at int]vals 9 ! height ( "s l>ge1   
tall w9d[s1 & conta9+ ,scripture        
subjects1 ! int]m$iate spaces be+ fill$ 
) grisaille "w4 ,! subjects1 ( c\rse1 _h
 to be approximately on "o scale1 &     
sev]al ( !m became v t\gh problems on   
acc\nt ( ?is re/riction4 ,h[ev]1 all    
manag$ to slip ?r\gh someh[ till we came
 to ,jacob's ,ladd]1 & !re ,i /ood firm1
 or p]haps ,i ought r to say /uck fa/4  
,h[ is x possible1 ,i said to my cli5t1 
t y c h a picture ( ! ',fall' 9 "o panel
 ) ,eve's figure tak+ up almo/ ! :ole   
height ( x1 & h a simil> panel )        
',angels ,asc5d+ & ,desc5d+' up & d[n a 
ladd]8 ,!re are only two ways ( do+     
x--to put ! ladd] f> (f 9 a l&scape1 :i*
 w\ld r$uce x to insignificance1 &      
besides be unsuitable 9 glass2 or to    
make ! angels ! size ( dolls4 ,don't y  
see t x's impossible8 ,no1 he didn't see
 t x 0 impossible4 ,:at he want$ 0      
,jacob's ,ladd]2 ! possibility or       
o!rwise 0 no?+ to him4 ,he said 7:at    

y'll (t5 he> said1 read]1 if y d        
/a9$-glass71 ,i don't1 ( c\rse1 "k any?+
 ab\t art1 & ,i c't say h[ ?is c\ld be  
done2 t is ! arti/'s prov9ce4  ,x 0 9 my
 y\ng] days1 & ,i'm afraid ,i mu/ h     
repli$ to ! effect t x 0 n a "q ( art b 
( common reason1 & t ! arti/'s prov9ce  
did n ext5d to mak+ bricks )\t /raw or  
mak+ two & two into five2 & ! "w fell   
?r\gh4 ,b _h ,i ! same ?+ to deal ) n[  
,i %\ld wa/e no words on x1 b run !     
ladd] "r up out ( ! panel into !        
grisaille above2 an opportunity = "o (  
^? delightful naive exceptions ( :i* old
 art is s full--l1 = in/ance1 ! we/ door
 ( ,/4 ,macl\ at ,r\51 :]e ! cr[d (     
fall+ angels bur/ out ( ! tympanum1 bang
 ?r\gh ! l9tel1 defy+ ar*itecture z !y  
defi$ ! fir/ great ,ar*itect1 & cont9ue 
_! fall among/ ! columns bel[4 ,angels  
,desc5d+1 by-!-bye1 ) a v5geance6 ,& if 
! bad ones1 :y n ! good8 ,i might j z   
well h done x1 & probably x w\ld h be5 !
 v ?+ out ( ! :ole commission :i* w\ld h
 prev5t$ ! s]ies f be+ ! tame ?+s t su* 

sometimes are4 ,anyway1 rememb] ?is--=  
,i h inv>iably f\nd x true--t ! *ief    
difficulty ( a "w ( art is always its   
*ief opportunity4 ,a ?+ c be look$ at 9 
a ?\s& & "o ways1 & some?+ daunt+ly     
impossible w (t5 be ! v ?+ t w %ake y\r 
jogtrot c>t out ( its rut1 make y :ip up
 y\r horses1 & get y "r home4  ,,b      
,obs]ve ?is--t all ^! wi%es ( ! cli5t   
%\ld be mo/ /rictly asc]ta9$ be=eh&2 all
 possibility ( midway criticism &       
alt]ation prev5t$4 ,?re% ! ?+ well out 9
 ! prelim9>y /ages & />t cle>2 z long z 
x is raw mat]ial1 all 9 solution1 all   
hang+ 9 ! balance--y c d any?+4 ,x is l 
clay 9 ! h&s ( ! pott]1 & y c make !    
vessel z y please3 ,out ( ! same lump   
mak+ "o vessel to hon\r & ano!r to      
di%on\r4 ,b :5 ! "w is half-done1 :5    
col\r is call+ out to col\r1 & %ape to  
%ape1 & ?\ght to ?\ght1 ?r\gh\t ! l5g? &
 bread? ( ! "w2 :5 ! ideas & ! clo?+ (  
!m are all fus+ toge!r into "o h>mony2  
:51 9 %ort1 ! ?+ is becom+ t            
inde/ructible1 unalt]able unity :i* we  

call a ,"w ( ,art3--!n1 inde$1 to be    
requir$ to *ange or to reconsid] is a   
real agony ( impossibility2 te>+ ! gl[+ 
web ( ?\ght1 & =m1 & fancy into a       
de/ruction nev] to be recon/ruct$1 & :i*
 no piec+ or pat*+ w m5d4  ,!re are _m  
m9or po9ts1 b !y are really s entirely  
matt]s ( exp]i5ce1 t x h>dly seems wor? 
:ile to dwell ^u !m4 ,/>t ) recognis+ ! 
fact t y mu/ try to add bus9ess habits &
 s5sible & economical ways to y\r g5ius 
z an arti/2 9 %ort1 ano!r :ole side to  
y\r "*2 & keep t ev] 9 view1 & ! details
 w fall into _! places4  ,h ,ev]y?+ 9   
,ord]4--,e lett] relat+ to a curr5t job 
%\ld be f9dable at a mom5t's notice 9 an
 (fice lett] basket1 r wid] ?an a %eet (
 foolscap pap]1 & ) sides high en\gh to 
all[ ( ! pap]s /&+ upright 9 unfold$    
%eets1 ea* gr\p ( !m beh9d a c>d tall]  
?an ! talle/ k9d ( ord9>y docum5t1 &    
be>+ along ! top edge 9 l>ge r$         
lett]s--,roman capitals = *oice--! "n ( 
! "w3 & x ne$ h>dly be said t ^! %\ld be
 arrang$ 9 alphabetical ord]4 ,= m9or   

matt]s too small = su* classification x 
is well to h1 9 ! front place 9 !       
basket1 c>ds divid+ ! alphabet itself   
into ab\t f\r p>ts1 s t un>rang$ small  
matt]s c be /ill kept r\ghly            
alphabetical4 ,:5 ! "w is done1 transf] 
all docum5ts to sep>ate labell$         
portfolios--a fold$ %eet ( ! ?icke/ br[n
 pap]1 su* z !y put "u c>pets1 is v     
good--& /ore !m away = ref]5ce4 ,l>g]   
portfolios = all templates1 trac+s1 or  
ar*itects' details or draw+s relat+ to !
 "w4 ,if y h n a good sy/em ) reg>d to !
 ord]+ ( ^! ?+s1 believe me ! m]e       
adm9i/ration ( a v mod]ate am\nt ( "w w 
take y all y\r day4  ,s also )          
measurem5t4   ,,on ,,accuracy ,,9       
,,measurem5t4  ,9 "o ( ,turg5ieff's     
novels a ,russian c\ntry prov]b is      
quot$--,measure ?rice1 cut once4 ,x is a
 gold5 rule1 & %\ld be inscrib$ 9 ! he>t
 ( e work]1 & ,i w add "o t spr+s out ( 
x--,nev] tru/ a measurem5t unless x has 
be5 made by y\rself1 or = y\rself--to   
y\r ord]4  ,! measurem5ts on ar*itects' 

designs1 or ev5 work+ draw+s1 c nev] be 
tru/$ = ! dim5sions ( ! built "w4 ,ev5 !
 build]s' templates1 by :i* ! "w 0      
built1 _c be1 = ! masons knock ^! q     
en\gh out1 9 actual build+1 to make y\r 
"w done by ^! guides a misfit4 ,h y\r   
own measurem5ts tak5 aga94 ,above all1  
bew>e ( tru/+ to ! suppos$ v]ticals or  
horizontals 9 built "w1 especially 9    
trac]y4 ,a ?+ may be !oretically &      
int5tionally at a c]ta9 angle1 b        
actually at q a diff]5t "o4 ,if level is
 important1 take x y\rself ) _s-level & 
plumb-l9e4  ,) reg>d to accuracy ( "w 9 
! %op1 :]e x dep5ds on y\rself & ! sy/em
 y obs]ve1 ,i _c d bett] ?an write out =
 y "h ! writt5 notice by :i* ! matt] is 
regulat$ 9 my own practice ) reg>d to   
c>toons4  ,rules to be ,obs]v$ 9 ,sett+ 
out ,=ms = ,c>toons4  ,9 e case ( sett+ 
out any =m1 or bat* ( =ms1 = new w9d[s !
 tru? ( ! fir/ long l9e rul$ mu/ be te/$
 by /ret*+ a ?read4  ,if ! la? is prov$ 
to be out1 x mu/ at once be s5t to a    
jo9] to be accurately '%ot1' & !        

accuracy ( bo? its edges mu/ !n be te/$ 
) a ?read4  ,! fir/ "r angle made 7= !  
corn] ( ! =m7 mu/ also be te/$ by rais+ 
a p]p5dicul>1 ) a radius ( ! compasses n
 less ?an #f in*es & ) a ne$le-po9t$    
p5cil1 & by ! subjo9$ =mula & no o!r4   
,f a giv5 po9t 9 a giv5 /raight l9e to  
raise a p]p5dicul>4 ,let ,a ,b be ! giv5
 /raight l9e 7?is mu/ be ! long side ( !
 =m1 & ! po9t ,b mu/ be "o corn] ( !    
base-l9e73 x is requir$ to raise f !    
po9t ,b a l9e p]p5dicul> to ! l9e ,a ,b4
  ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ga4  7#a7       
,prolong ! l9e ,a ,b at lea/ #f in*es   
beyond ,b 7if !re is n room on ! pap]1 x
 mu/ be p9n$ on to a smoo? bo>d1 & a    
piece ( pap] p9n$ on1 s z to meet ! edge
 ( x1 & cont9ue x to ! requir$ di/ance74
  7#b7 ,) ! c5tre ,b 7! compass leg be+ 
9 all cases plac$ ) absolute accuracy1  
us+ a l5s if necess>y to place x7       
describe ! circle ,c ,d ,e4  7#c7 ,) !  
c5tres ,c & ,e1 & ) a radius ( n less   
?an #i in*es1 describe arcs int]sect+ at
 ,f & ,g4  7#d7 ,jo9 ,f ,g4  ,!n1 if !  

"w has be5 correctly done1 ! l9e ,f ,g w
 pass ?r\gh ! po9t ,b1 & be p]p5dicul>  
to ! l9e ,a ,b4 ,if x does n d s1 ! "w  
is incorrect1 & mu/ be repeat$4  ,:5 !  
base & ! spr++-l9e are drawn on ! =m1 ! 
=m mu/ be accurately measur$ f ! bottom 
upw>ds1 & e foot m>k$ on bo? sides4 ,su*
 m>k+s to be 9 f9e p5cil-l9e1 & to be   
drawn f ! sides ( ! =m to ! extreme m>g9
 ( ! pap]1 & y are n to tru/ y\r eye by 
lay+ ! la? flat d[n & tick+ (f opposite 
! in*-m>ks1 b y are to /& ! la? on its  
edge1 s t ! in*-m>ks actually meet !    
pap]1 & !n tick opposite to !m4  ,also  
if !re are any b>s 9 ! w9d[ to be       
obs]v$1 ! places ( ^! mu/ be m>k$1 & x  
mu/ be made q cle> :e!r ! m>k is !      
middle ( ! b> or its edge2 & all ?is    
m>k+ mu/ be done lightly1 b v c>efully1 
) a ne$le-po9t$ p5cil4  ,9 e case :]e ! 
=ms are set out f templates1 ! accuracy 
( ! templates mu/ be v]ifi$1 & 9 ! ev5t 
( ! base n be+ at "r angles ) ! side1 a 
true horizontal mu/ be made f ! corn]   
:i* is high] ?an ! o!r 7! "o !re=e :i*  

has ! obtuse angle7 & m>k$ )9 ! untrue  
l9e2 & all measurem5ts1 :e!r ( feet1    
b>s1 or squ>+-out l9es1 or levels =     
canopies1 bases1 or any o!r divisions ( 
! light1 mu/ be made upw>ds ,,f ,,?is   
,,true ,,level ,,l9e4  ,^! rules1 ,i    
suppose1 h sav$ me on an av]age an h\r a
 day s9ce !y 7 drawn up2 &1 m>k y1 an   
h\r ( wa/e & an h\r ( worry a day--:i*  
is z good z sav+ a day's "w at ! lea/4  
,an arti/ mu/ dream2 y w n *>ge me )    
und]valu+ t2 b a decorator mu/ also     
wake1 & h 8 wits ab\t him6 ,/>t1 !re=e1 
9 all ! outw>d ord]+ ( y\r c>e] ) ! ?ree
 pla9 rules3--  7#a7 ,to h ev]y?+       
ord]ly2  7#b7 ,to h ev]y?+ accurate2    
7#c7 ,to br+ ev]y?+ & e "q to a po9t1 at
 ! "t1 & cl9* x4  #f ,ariadne ,flor5t9a1
 p4 #ca4  #g ,a ,saturday's ,d9n]4  #h  
,aratra ,p5telici1 p4 #bec4     ,,*apt] 
,,xx  ,a ,,/r+ ,,( ,,beads   ,is !re    
any?+ m to say8  ,a :ole _w-full1 (     
c\rse2 = e s+le ?+ is a "p ( all ?+s4 ,b
 ,i h said mo/ ( my say2 & ,i c\ld n[   
wi% t y 7 "h t y might ask me aught else

 y want4  ,a few ?reads rema9 t might be
 ga!r$ up--p>t+ words1 h9ts t _c be     
classifi$4 ,i mu/ /r+ !m toge!r l a r[ (
 beads2 big & little mix$2 we w try to  
get ! big ones m or less 9 ! middle if  
we c4  ,gr[ ev]y?+ f se$4  ,all se$s t  
are liv+ 7& !re=e wor? gr[+7 h ! p[] 9  
!m to gr[4  ,b s _m p miss ! fact t1 on 
! o!r h&1 no?+ else w gr[2 & t x is     
useless 9 art to transplant full-gr[n   
trees4  ,?is is ! key to great & little 
mis]ies1 great & little mi/akes4  ,7 y  
sorry to be on ! l[e/ /ep ( ! ladd]8 ,be
 glad2 = all y\r hopes ( climb+ are 9 t4
  ,& ?is applies 9 all ?+s1 f conditions
 ( success & me?ods ( gett+ "w up to !  
highe/ que/ions ( art & ! /eps to       
,p>nassus1 by :i* are rea*$ ! v l(tie/ (
 ideals4  ,i mu/ n l+] ov] ! =m] ( ^!   
two ?+s or d m ?an sum x up 9 ! advice1 
to take any?+ y c get1 & to be glad1 n  
sorry1 if x is small & comes to y b     
sl[ly4 ,simple ?+s1 & little ?+s1 & _m  
?+s1 are m ne$$ 9 ! arts today ?an      
complex ?+s & great & isolat$           

a*ievem5ts4 ,if y h no?+ to d = o!rs1 d 
"s little ?+ = y\rself3 x is a se$1     
pres5tly x w s5d out a %oot ( y\r fir/  
commission1 & t w probably lead to two  
o!rs1 or to a l>g] "o2 b pray to be l$  
by small /eps2 & make sure ( firm foot+ 
z y g1 = !re is su* a ?+ z try+ to take 
a leap on ! ladd]1 & leap+ (f x4  ,s mu*
 = ! se$ ( success4  ,! se$ (           
craftsman%ip ,i h tri$ to describe 9 ?is
 book4  ,! se$ ( ornam5t & design1 x is 
impossible to treat ( "h2 x w\ld require
 z l>ge a book z ?is to itself3 b ,i w  
haz>d ! devotion ( a page ea* to ! ,a & 
! ,b ( my own ,a ,b ,c ( ! subject z ,i 
try to tea* x to my pupils1 & put !m    
be=e y )\t comm5t1 hop+ !y may be ( "s  
slight use4 7,see figs4 #gb & #gc47  ,b 
?\gh ,i said t no?+ w gr[ b se$1 x does 
n1 ( c\rse1 foll[ t e se$ w gr[1 or1 if 
x does1 t y y\rself w reap ! exact h>ve/
 y expect1 or ev5 recognise x 9 its     
fruitage z ! gr[? ( :at y h s[n4 ,expect
 to give mu* = little1 to lose sight ( !
 bread ca/ on ! wat]s1 n ev5 sure t y w 

"k x aga9 ev5 if y f9d x aft] _m days4  
,y nev] "k1 & !re=e d n c\nt y\r scalps 
too c>efully or try to numb] y\r ,israel
 & ,judah4 ,nei!r1 on ! o!r h&1 all[ y\r
 se$ to be =c$ by ! ho?\se ( adv]tis+ or
 bus9ess pu%+1 or any?+ :i* w di/ract or
 di/ort t quiet gaze ^u ! "w by :i* y   
love x = its own sake1 & judge x on its 
m]its2 all su* sidelights are mislead+1 
s9ce y d n "k :e!r x is int5d$ t ?is or 
t %all prosp] or bo? be alike good4  ,h[
 _m a man "o sees1 e>ne/ & s9c]e at     
/>t+1 l$ aside (f ! track by ! false    
lights ( publicity & a fir/ success4    
,art is peace4 ,d ?+s because y love !m4
 ,if purple is y\r fav\rite col\r1 put  
purple 9 y\r w9d[2 if gre51 gre52 if    
yell[1 yell[4 ,fl[]s & leaves & buds    
because y love !m4 ,glass because y love
 x4 ,x is n t y are to despise ei!r fame
 or weal?4 ,hone/ly acquir$ bo? are     
good4 ,b y mu/ be> 9 m9d t ! pursuit (  
^! sep>ately by any o!r means ?an       
p]fect+ y\r "w is a ?+ requir+ great    
outlay ( ,,"t1 & y _c af=d to )draw any 

"t f y\r "w 9 ord] to acquire !m4       
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gb4 ,design       
consi/s ( arrangem5t4 ,let u practise   
arrangem5t sep>ately1 & on its simple/  
t]ms4 ,take ! simple/ possible arrang$  
=m1 & make all ornam5t spr+ f ?is1 )\t1 
= a consid]able "t *ang+ its "*1 or mak+
 any additions ( a diff]5t "* to x4 ,if 
we are n !n to d ?is :at res\rce h we8  
we may *ange its direction4 ,proce$ !n  
to d s1 obs]v+ a few v simple rules4 #a4
 ,d ! "w 9 s+le /it*es #b4  to ea* arm (
 ! cross 9 turn4 #c keep a record ( ea* 
/ep2 t is1 z soon z y h got any def9ite 
developem5t f y\r orig9al =m1 put t d[n 
on pap] & leave x1 draw+ x ov] aga9 &   
develop+ f ! second draw+4 ,! f\r? rule 
is ! mo/ important ( all3 #d4 ,keep on !
 spot z mu* z possible1 i4e4 take a     
numb] ( s+le /eps f ! po9t y h arriv$   
at1 n a numb] ( consecutive /eps lead+  
f>!r f x4 ,= example3 b "h is a s+le /ep
 f a1 y d "o ?+4 ,i d n want y to g on  
develop+ f x fig4 b z c1 d  e until y h 
gone back to fig4 a & made all !        

imm$iately possible /eps to be tak5 f x1
 "o ( :4 is %[n1 fig f4  ,illu/ration3 a
  ,illu/ration3 b  ,illu/ration3 c      
,illu/ration3 c  ,illu/ration3 d        
,illu/ration3 e  ,illu/ration3 f        
,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gc4 ,se$ ( design 
z appli$ to ,craft  ,mat]ial4 ,suppose y
 h ?ree simple op5+s4 7fig4 'a'47 g>ret 
w9d[s1 or passage w9d[s1 we w suppose1  
ea* ) a c5tral horizontal b>3 & suppose 
y h a numb] ( pieces ( glass to use up  
already cut to "o gauge1 & t six ( ^!   
fill a w9d[1 c y get any little v>iety  
by arrangem5t on ! foll[+ t]ms4 #a4     
,treat+ bo? upp] & l[] ranges alike #b4 
,all[+ y\rself to halve !m1 v]tically   
only4 #c4 ,n wa/+ any glass4 #d4 ,n     
halv+ m ?an two 9 ea* light4 ,h[ is ?is1
 fig4 b8 y despise x8 s absurdly simple8
 ,x is ! key to all simple ornam5t 9    
lead$ glass4 ,exhau/ all ! possible     
v>ieties1 !re are at lea/ n9e4 ,d !m4   
,t's all4  ,illu/ration3 ,a             
,illu/ration3 ,b  ,illu/ration          
,illu/ration   ,9 ^! days & 9 our huge  

cities !re are s _m av5ues op5 to       
celebrity1 ?r\gh ,society1 ! ,press1    
,exhibition1 & s =?1 t a man once l$ to 
sp5d "t on !m is 9 dang] ( f9d+ half 8  
work+ life run away ) by !m be=e he is  
aw>e1 :ile ev5 if !y are successful !   
success won by !m is a poor ?+ comp>$ to
 t :i* might h be5 e>n$ by ! "w :i* 0   
sacrific$ = !m4 ,x becomes almo/ a      
pr(ession 9 itself to keep oneself      
notori\s4  ,to sp5d l>ge slices out (   
"o's "t 9 ! m]e putt+ =w>d ( "o's "w1   
%[+ x ap>t f do+ x1 necess>y z ?is      
sometimes is1 is a ?+ to be done        
grudg+ly2 /ill m s %\ld "o grudge to be 
call$ f "o's "w "h1 !re1 & ev]y:]e by ! 
social claims :i* cr[d r\nd ! position (
 a public man4         99       99      
99       99       99  ,!re are /r5u\s   
?+s en\gh = y 9 ! "w itself )\t wa/+ y\r
 /r5g? on ^!4 ,we w speak ( !m pres5tly2
 b a ^w fir/ ^u orig9ality4  ,don't     
/rive to be orig9al2 no "o ev] got      
,heav5's gift ( inv5tion by say+1 ,i mu/
 h x1 & s9ce ,i don't feel x ,i mu/     

assume x & pret5d x2 foll[ r y\r ma/]   
pati5tly & lov+ly = a long "t2 give &   
take1 e*o 8 habits z ,botticelli e*o$   
,filippo ,lippi's1 b improve ^u !m2 add 
some?+ to !m if y c1 z he also did1 &   
pass !n on1 z he also did1 to ! little  
,filippo--,filipp9o--mak+ him a tru] &  
sweet] he>t ?an 8 fa!r1 out ( ! well (  
tru? & sweetness ) :i* ,botticelli's own
 he>t 0 brimm+4 ,d ?is1 b at ! same "t  
expect ) happy pati5ce1 z a boy longs = 
8 manhood1 yet does n try to ha/5 x &   
does n pret5d to =e/all x1 ! "t :5 "s   
fre% idea 9 imag9ation1 "s fre% me?od 9 
design1 "s fre% process 9 craftsman%ip1 
w come to y z a rew>d ( pati5t work+--& 
come by accid5t1 z all su* ?+s d1 le/ y 
%\ld ?9k x y\r own & miss ! joy ( kn[+ t
 x is n y\rs b ,heav5's4  ,& :5 ?is     
comes1 gu>d x & mature x c>efully4 ,d n 
?r[ x out too lavi%ly broadca/ ) !      
o/5tation ( a g5]\s g5ius hav+ gifts to 
sp>e4 ,%>e x ) prov$ & wor?y fri5ds1 :5 
!y notice x & ask y ab\t x1 b 9 !       
mean:ile develop & cultivate x z a g>d5]

 does a tree4 ,& ?is leads me to ! mo/  
important po9t ( all--namely1 ! value1 !
 all-suffic+ value1 ( "o new /ep on !   
road ( ,beauty4 ,if su* is really grant$
 y1 consid] x z en\gh = y\r lifetime4   
,"o su* ?+ 9 ! hi/ory ( ! arts has      
g5]ally be5 en\gh = a c5tury2 h[ mu* m1 
!n1 = a g5]ation4  ,= inde$ !re is only 
"o rule = f9e "w 9 art1 t y %\ld put y\r
 :ole /r5g?1 all ! p[]s ( m9d & body    
into e t\*4 ,no?+ less w d ?an t4 ,y mu/
 face x 9 draw+ f ! life4 ,try x 9 its  
acute/ =m1 n f ! pos$1 pr(essional      
model1 :o w sit l a /one2 try x )       
*ildr51 two ye>s old or s2 ! despair (  
x1 ! exhau/ion3 & !n1 9 a fla%1 :5 y    
?\ght y _h really done some:at1 a /ill m
 captivat+1 fasc9at+ ge/ure1 :i* makes  
all y h done look l lead4 ,c y screw y\r
 exhau/ion up aga91 sacrifice all y h   
done1 & face ! lab\r ( wre/l+ ) ! new   
idea8 ,& if y d8 ,y are sick ) d\bt     
betwe5 ! new & ! old4 ,y ask y\r fri5ds2
 y probably *oose wrong2 y\r judgm5t is 
cl\d$ by ! fatigue ( y\r previ\s toil4  

,b y h ga9$ /r5g?4 ,t is ! real po9t ( !
 ?+4 ,x is n :at y h done 9 ?is in/ance1
 b :at y h become 9 do+ x4 ,next "t1    
fre% & /rong1 y w da% ! beautiful sudd5 
?\ght ^u ! pap] & leave x1 happy to make
 o!rs happy1 b only ?r\gh ! pa9s y took 
be=e1 :i* are a small price to pay = !  
joy ( ! /r5g? y h ga9$4  ,?is is ! rule 
( great "w4 ,puzzle & hesitation &      
compromise c only occur because y h left
 "s factor ( ! problem out ( c\nt1 & ?is
 %\ld nev] be4 ,y\r bus9ess is to take  
all into acc\nt & to sacrifice ev]y?+1  
h[ev] fasc9at+ & tempt+ x may be 9      
itself1 if x does n fit 9 z "p ( an     
h>moni\s :ole4 ,rememb] 9 ?is case1 :5  
lo? to make su* sacrifice1 ! old say+ t 
!re's z good fi% 9 ! sea z ev] came out4
 ,brace y\rself to try = some?+ /ill    
bett]4 ,reca/ y\r composition4 ,if x is 
defective1 ! defect all comes f "s want 
( /r5u\sness z y w5t along4 ,x is l     
gett+ a bit ( y\r figure out ( draw+    
because y\r eye only measur$ "s portion 
( x ) "o or two portions ( ! re/ & n ) !

 :ole figure & attitude4 ,e /ud5t kn[s !
 feel+4 ,s 9 y\r composition3 y may get 
impossible levels1 impossible relations 
betwe5 ! subject & ! surr\nd+ canopy3   
p]haps "o com+ 9 front ( ! o!r at "o    
po9t & ! rev]se at ano!r po9t4 ,y drew !
 ?+ dreamily3 y 7 n al]t en\gh4 ,& n[ y 
mu/ wa/e :at y _h got to love1 because  
?\gh x's s pretty x is n fitt+4  ,b     
sometimes x w happ5 t "s l9e ( y\r      
composition is ?us hack$ (f by no fault 
( y\rs1 by "s mismeasurem5t ( a b> by   
y\r build]1 or "s *ange ( m9d or :im (  
y\r cli5t1 :o likes x all b---- 7"s     
vital feature74 ,z we h said1 ?is is n q
 a fair dem& to be made ^u ! arti/1 b x 
w sometimes occur1 :atev] we d4 ,pull   
y\rself toge!r1 &1 be=e y /& out ab\t x 
& refuse to *ange1 consid]4 ,try !      
modification1 & try x 9 su* an ar\s$ &  
angry _s z %all flame out aga9/ !       
difficulty ) =ce & heat4 ,let ! :ole ?+ 
be z fuel ( fire1 & ! rew>d w be giv54  
,! *ief difficulty may become--x is m   
?an an ev5 *ance t x does become--! *ief

 glory1 & t ! composition w be l !      
new-born ,pho5ix1 sprung f ! a%es ( !   
old & ?rice z fair4  ,!n also /rike :ile
 ! iron is hot1 & "w :ile y're w>m to x4
 ,:5 y h done ! ma9 figure-/udy & sla9  
its difficulty y feel brac$ up1 y\r m9d 
cle>1 & y see y\r way to l9k x 9 ) !    
surr\nd+s4 ,w y let x all get cold      
because x is t[>d ev5+ & y are          
physically tir$1 :5 ano!r h\r w\ld set !
 :ole problem "r = next day's "w2 n[1   
:ile y are w>m1 :ile ! beauty ( ! model 
y h drawn f is /ill gl[+ 9 y ) a ?\s&   
sugge/ions & possibilities8 ,y w d 9    
ano!r h\r n[ :at w\ld take y days to d  
:5 ! fire has di$ d[n--if y ev] d x at  
all4  ,x is aft] a day's "w su* z ?is t 
"o feels ! true delight ( ! balm (      
,nature4 ,= conqu]$ difficulty br+s new 
insight ?r\gh ! feel+ ( new p[]2 & new  
beauties are se5 because !y are felt to 
be atta9able1 & by virtue ( ! assurance 
t "o has got di/9ctly a /ep ne>] to !   
veil t hides ! inn] he>t ( ?+s :i* is   
our de/9$ home4  ,x is aft] "w l ?is1   

feel+ ! /irr+s ( "s real /r5g? )9 y1    
promis+ p[] to deal ) nature's secrets  
by-&-by1 t y see z nev] be=e ! beauty ( 
?+s4  ,! ke5 eyes t h be5 s busy turn   
gratefully to ! silv] ( ! sky ) ! grey1 
quiet trees aga9/ x & ! wat]y gleam (   
sunset l pale gold1 l[ d[n beh9d !      
b\ghs1 :]e ! rob91 half se51 is flitt+ f
 place to place1 *oos+ 8 re/ & twitt]+ 8
 good-night2 & y ?9k ) good hope ( y\r  
life t is com+1 & ( all y\r aspirations 
& y\r dreams4 ,& 9 ! /illness & !       
coolness & ! peace y c dwell ) confid5ce
 ^u ! ?\ght ( all ! ,unkn[n t is mov+   
onw>d t[>ds y1 z ! gl[ :i* is fad+ r5ews
 itself day by day 9 ! ,ea/1 br++ !     
daily task ) x4  ,y feel t y are able to
 meet x1 & t all is well2 t !re are     
quiet & good ?+s 9 /ore1 & t ?is con/ant
 r5ewal ( ! glories ( day & night1 ?is  
con/ant procession ( morn+ & ev5+ z ! _w
 rolls r\nd1 has become almo/ a special 
possession to y1 to :i* only ^? :o pay !
 price h entrance1 an inh]itance ( y\r  
own z a rew>d ( y\r endeav\r & acquir$  

p[]1 & lead+ to "s purpos$ end t w be   
peace4         99       99       99     
99       99  ,/a9$-glass1 /a9$-glass1   
/a9$-glass6 ,at night 9 ! l(ty *ur*     
w9d[s ! bits gl[ & gloom & talk to "o   
ano!r 9 _! places2 & ! pictur$ angels & 
sa9ts look d[n1 peopl+ ! empty aisles & 
companion+ ! lamp ( ! sanctu>y4         
99       99       99       99       99  
,! beads wor? ?read+ seem ab\t all      
?read$ n[1 & ! book appe>s to be done4  
,?us we h gone on !n1 mak+ x z x came to
 h&1 blund]+1 z x seems to me1 on !     
bord]s ( half a doz5 lit]>y or illit]ate
 /yles1 ! p5 n be+ ! tool ( our prop]   
craft2 b on ! :ole say+ someh[ :at we   
meant to say3 laugh+ :5 we felt amus$1 &
 be+ s]i\s :5 ! subject seem$ s1 our    
object be+ inde$ to make work]s 9       
/a9$-glass & n a book ab\t x4 ,is x wor?
 :ile to try & put a little clasp to our
 /r+ ( beads & tie all toge!r8  ,!re 0 a
 little boy 70 he six or sev5 or        
eight871 & 8 seat on ,sunday 0 opposite 
! door 9 ! f\rte5?-c5tury *ancel ( !    

little ,norman c\ntry *ur*4 ,!re !      
great1 tall w9d[s hung 9 ! air ar\nd    
him1 & he us$ to />e up at !m )         
goggle-eyes 9 ! way t us$ to e>n him    
h\sehold names1 wond]+ :i* he lik$ be/4 
,& = mon?s "o w\ld be ! fav\rite1 & =   
mon?s ano!r w\ld supplant x2 8 fancy    
w\ld *ange1 & n[ he lik$ ?is--n[ t4     
,only ! /one trac]y-b>s1 = !re 0 no     
/a9$-glass to spoil !m4 ,! broad1 pla9  
flag/ones ( ! floor spread r\nd him 9   
cool1 :ite spaces1 9 lov$ unev5ness1    
hon\r$ by ! foot-tracks :i* _h worn !   
/one into little valleys f ! door &     
?r\gh ! n>r[1 ,norman *ancel-ar* up     
t[>ds ! alt> rails1 tell+ ( g5]ations ( 
feet1 long s9ce at re/1 t _h c>ri$      
simple lives to seek ! place z ! place (
 _! help or peace4  ,pla9 ru%-plait$    
hassocks & little brass sconces :]e1 on 
l5t5 nights1 9 ! unw>m$ *ur*1 glimm]$ ! 
few c&les t lit ! devotion ( ! /rong1   
r\gh sons ( ! glebe1 h$g]s & dit*]s1 :o 
came !re aft] daily lab\r to spell out  
simple pray] & praise4 ,b x 0 be/ on !  

summ] ,sunday morn+s1 :5 ! great spaces 
( blue1 & ! t[]+ :ite cl\ds look$ d[n   
?r\gh ! diamond panes2 & ! iron-/udd$   
door1 ) ! wond]ful big key1 :i* 8 h&s 7 
n yet /rong en\gh to turn1 /ood wide    
op52 & outside1 among/ ! deep grass t   
grew ^u ! graves1 he c\ld see !         
tortoise-%ell butt]flies sunn+ !mselves 
^u ! d&elions4 ,!n x 0 t he us$ to ?9k !
 outside ! be/1 & fancy 7) p]fect tru?1 
z ,i believe7 t angels mu/ be look+ 91 j
 z mu* z he 0 look+ out1 & gaz+ d[n1    
grave-ey$1 ^u ! little p inside1 z he   
himself us$ to wat* ! r$ ants busy 9 _! 
t9y m\nds ^u ! grass plot or ! gravel   
pa?2 & he wond]$ sometimes :e!r !       
outside or ! inside 0 ,god's ,h\se mo/3 
! place :]e he 0 sitt+1 ) r\gh1 simple  
?+s ab\t him t ! village c>p5t] or mason
 or blacksmi? _h made1 or ! beautiful   
gl[+ _w outside4 ,& z he ?\ght1 ) !     
grave m9d ( a *ild1 ab\t ^! ?+s1 he came
 to fancy t ! eyes t look$ out ?r\gh !  
silv] diamond-panes :i* kept out ! w9d &
 ra91 matt]$ less ?an ! eyes t look$ 9 f

 ! o!r side :]e bask$ ! butt]flies &    
fl[]s & all ! liv+ ?+s he s lov$2 awful 
eyes t 7 at home :]e hung ! sun himself 
9 8 di/ances & ! />s 9 ! great          
/>-spaces2 :]e ,orion & ! ,pleiades     
glitt]$ 9 ! w9t] nights1 :]e ,mazz>o? 0 
br\ght =? 9 8 season1 & :]e ?r\gh !     
purple skies ( summ] ev5+ 0 laid out    
ov]head ! assign$ pa? along :i* mov$    
,arcturus ) 8 sons4     ,,app5dix ,i    
,,"s ,,sugge/ions ,,z ,,to ,,! ,,/udy   
,,( ,,old ,,glass   ,e "o :o wants to   
/udy glass %\ld g to ,york ,m9/]4 ,g to 
! extreme we/ end1 ! fir/ two w9d[s are 
( pla9 qu>ries mo/ prettily lead$1 & %[+
 h[ pleasant pla9-glaz+ may be1 ) silv]y
 glass & a *ild-l enjoym5t ( simple     
patt]n+1 unconsci\s ( high art4 ,b look 
at ! second w9d[ on ! nor? side4 ,:at d 
y see8 ,y see a yell[ %ield8 ,exactly4  
,e "o :o looks at t w9d[ z he passes at 
a quick walk mu/ come away rememb]+ t he
 _h se5 a yell[ %ield4 ,b /op & look at 
x4 ,don't y l x--,i d6 ,:y8--well1      
because x happ5s to be by good luck j   

"r1 & x is a v good lesson ( ! degree 9 
:i* beauty 9 glass dep5ds on            
juxtaposition4 ,i _h ?\ght ( x z a      
p>ticul>ly beautiful bit ( glass 9      
quality & col\r--b n at all6 x is       
textureless & r crude4 ,i _h ?\ght ( x z
 old--n at all3 x is probably           
eighte5?-c5tury4 ,b look :at x happ5s to
 be set 9--! mixture ( agate1 silv]1    
gre5i% & black qu>ries4 ,imag9e x by    
itself )\t ! dull citron crockett+ &    
pale yell[-/a9 sun & %aft+ ( ! panel    
bel[--)\t ! black & yell[ escut*eon 9 ! 
light to its "r h&--ev5 )\t ! cutt+ up &
 break+ ) black lead l9es ( its own upp]
 half4 ,9 %ort1 y c\ld h x s plac$ t y  
w\ld l x no bett]1 t x w\ld be no bett]1
 ?an ! bit ( build]'s glaz+ 9 ! top     
quatrefoil ( ! next w9d[1 :i* looks l1 &
 ,i fancy is1 ( almo/ ! v same glass1 b 
clumsily mix$1 &1 =tunately1 dat$ = our 
in/ruction1 #aggi4  ,i d n "k any place 
:]e y c get m /udy ( c]ta9 prop]ties (  
glass ?an 9 ! city ( ,york4 ,! ca!dral  
alone is a m9e ( weal?4 ,! nave w9d[s   

are ne> en\gh to see all necess>y       
detail4 ,!re is some?+ ( e p]iod4 ,& )  
reg>d to ! nave & cl]e/ory w9d[s1 !y h  
be5 s maul$ & re-lead$ t y ne$ n be 9 ! 
lea/ afraid ( admir+ ! wrong ?+ or pass+
 by ! "r4 ,y c be q frank & simple ab\t 
x all4 ,= in/ance1 my own fav\rite w9d[ 
is ! fif? f ! we/ on ! s\? side4 ,! old 
re/or] has coolly slipp$ d[n "o :ole    
panel bel[ its prop] level 9 a %[] (    
rose-leaves 7:i* 7 really1 ,i believe1  
orig9ally a pavem5t71 &1 frankly1 ,i    
don't "k 7& don't c>e7 :e!r !y are "p ( 
8 "w 9 ! late eighte5? c5tury or !      
orig9al glass ( ! late f\rte5?4 ,i r    
incl9e to ?9k t !y came out ( "s o!r    
w9d[ & are bits ( fifte5?-c5tury glass4 
,! same ) ! *equ]$ %ield ( ,v]non 9 !   
o!r light4 ,i d>esay x is a bit (       
build]'s glaz+--b isn't x jolly8 ,& :at 
d y ?9k ( ! col\r ( ! little c5tral     
circle half-way up ! middle light8      
,isn't x a fl[]8 ,& look at ! petal t's 
dropp$ f x on to ! b> bel[6 or ! :ole ( 
! left-h& light2 well1 or ! middle      

light1 or ! "r-h& light8 ,if t's n col\r
 ,i don't "k :at is4 ,i d\bt if x 0 any 
m beautiful :5 x 0 new1 p]haps n s      
beautiful4 ,comp>e x1 = example1 ) !    
w9d[ 9 ! same wall 7,i ?9k next to x on 
! we/1 :i* has be5 re/or$74 ,! w9d[     
exactly opposite seems "o ( ! lea/      
ret\*$1 & ! lea/ int]e/+2 if y ?9k !    
yell[ canopies disagreeable 9 col\r     
don't be a%am$ to say s3 !y are n       
unbeautiful exactly1 ,i ?9k1 b1         
p]sonally1 ,i c\ld d ) less ( !m4 ,yet  
,i %\ld n be surpris$ to be assur$ t !y 
are all g5u9e f\rte5?-c5tury4 ,9 ! nor? 
transept is ! celebrat$ ,five ,si/]s1 ! 
mo/ beautiful bit ( ?irte5?-c5tury      
grisaille p]haps 9 exi/5ce4 ,t is :]e we
 get our patt]ns = kamptulicon f2 b we  
don't make kamptulicon q l x4 ,if y want
 a sample ( n9ete5?-c5tury              
?irte5?-c5tury "w y h only to look ov]  
y\r left %\ld]4  ,a simil> glance to !  
"r w %[ y n9ete5?-c5tury fifte5?-c5tury 
"w--& %[ x y 9 a curi\s & in/ructive    
transition /age--portions ( ! two "r-h& 

w9d[s ( ! five be+ old glass work$ 9 )  
new1 :ile ! "r-h& "o ( all is a little  
abbot :o is ne>ly all old & has %runk   
beh9d a tomb1 wond]+1 z x seems to me1  
h[ ^? fell[s got 91 & mak+ up 8 m9d :e!r
 he's go+ to /& be+ bulli$ by ! new ,/4 
,pet]4 ,9 ! s\? transept opposite1 all !
 five ea/]n w9d[s are fifte5?-c5tury1 & 
"s ( !m v well pres]v$1 :ile ^? 9 !     
s\!rn wall are mod]n4 ,! great ea/ w9d[ 
has a hi/ory ( its own q easily         
asc]ta9able on ! spot & wor?y ( rese>* &
 /udy4 ,!n g into ! nor? ambulatory1    
look at ! ?ird ( ! big w9d[s4 ,well1 !  
"r-h& light2 look at ! bi%op at ! top 9 
a d>k r$ *asuble1 note ! bits ( dull    
rose col\r 9 ! l[] dress1 ! bit (       
blacki% grey t\*+ ! pa/oral /aff j bel[ 
! edge ( ! *asuble1 look at ! bits ( %>p
 /rong blue 9 ! backgr\nd4 ,n[ ,i       
believe ^! are all accid5ts--bits put 9 
9 relead+2 b :5 ! *oir is s++ & y c pick
 out e sep>ate note ( ! h>mony z x comes
 d[n to y f ea* curve ( ! frett$ ro(1 if
 y don't ?9k ?is w9d[ goes ) x & is     

music also1 y mu/ be wrong1 ,i ?9k1 9   
eye or e>4 ,b inde$ ?is "p ( ! *ur* &   
all r\nd ! *oir aisles on bo? sides is a
 p]fect treasure-h\se ( glass4  ,if y   
want an in/ance ( :at ,i said 7p4 #bab7 
z to add$ notes turn+ discord into      
h>mony1 look at ! pat*$ ea/ w9d[ ( ! s\?
 *oir aisle4 ,m]e jumble--probably no   
selection--yet h[ beautiful6 l b$s (    
fl[]s4 ,did y ev] see a b$ ( fl[]s t 0 n
 beautiful8--(t5 & (t51 :5 ! g>d5] _h   
c>efully select$ ! plants ( 8           
ribbon-bord]+2 b ,i w\ld h y ?9k ( an   
old-fa%ion$ cottage g>d51 ) its roses & 
lilies & l>kspur & snapdragon &         
m>igolds--^? are :at w9d[s %\ld be l4   
,9 addition to ! m9/]1 almo/ e *ur* 9 ! 
city has "s int]e/+ glass2 sev]al ( !m a
 great quantity1 & "s f9] ?an any 9 !   
ca!dral itself4 ,& "h ,i w\ld give a    
h9t4 ,nev] pass a *ur* or *apel ( any   
sort or k9d1 old or new1 )\t look+ 94 ,y
 _c tell :at y may f9d4  ,& a second    
h9t4 ,d n make writt5 p5cil notes reg>d+
 col\r1 ei!r f glass or nature1 = y'll  

nev] tr\ble to puzzle !m out aft]w>ds4  
,take y\r col\r-box ) y4 ,! m]e/ dot (  
t9t on ! pap] w br+ ev]y?+ back to m9d4 
,space prev5ts our mak+ "h any?+ l a    
complete it9]>y sett+ =? :]e glass may  
be /udi$2 x mu/ suffice to "n a few     
c5tres1 not+ a few places 9 ! same      
di/rict :i* may be visit$ f !m easily4  
,i "n only ^? ,i "k myself1 & ( c\rse ! 
li/ is v slight4  ,,york4 ,& all *ur*es 
9 ! city4  ,,gl\ce/]4 ,tewkesbury1      
,cir5ce/]4  ,,birm+ham4 7,=             
,burne-,jones glass47 ,%rewsbury1       
,w>wick1 ,tamwor?1 ,malv]n4  ,,wells4   
,,ox=d4 ,mu* glass 9 ! city1 old & new4 
,fair=d4  ,,cambridge4 ,mu* glass 9 !   
city1 old & new4  ,,cant]bury4          
,,*>tres4 7,if !re is /ill any left     
unre/or$47 ,/4 ,pi]re 9 ! same t[n4     
,,s5s4  ,,troyes4 ,,aux]re4  ,( ! la/   
two ,i h only se5 "s copies4 ,= glass by
 ,rossetti1 ,burne-,jones1 &            
,madox-,br[n1 consult _! lives4  ,!re   
are _m well-kn[n books on ! subject (   
anci5t glass1 ,w9/on1 ,we/lake1 c41 :i* 

give full] details on ?is matt]4        
,,app5dix ,,ii  ,,on ,,! ,,re/or+ ,,(   
,,anci5t ,,w9d[s   ,let u realise :at is
 done4  ,& let u consid] :at ought to be
 done4  ,a w9d[ ( anci5t glass ne$s     
relead+4 ,! lead has decay$ & ! :ole is 
loose & %aky4 ,! anci5t glass has worn v
 ?91 pitt$ almo/ ?r\gh l a worn-out     
?imble ) little holes :]e ! alkalis h   
work$ _! way out4 ,x is z fragile & t5d]
 z an old oil-pa9t+ t ne$s to be tak5 (f
 a rott5 canvas & re-l9$4 ,if y exam9e a
 piece ( old glass ^: lead has _h "t to 
decay1 y w f9d t ! glass itself is (t5 9
 an equally t5d] /ate4 ,! pa9t+ w\ld    
rema9 = ye>s1 probably = c5turies yet1  
if unt\*$1 j z du/1 )\t any atta*m5t at 
all1 w hang on a v]tical look+-glass4 ,b
 if y scrape x1 ev5 only ) ! f+]-nail1 y
 w g5]ally f9d t t is suffici5t to br+  
mu*--p]haps mo/--( ! pa9t+ (f1 :ile bo? 
sides ( ! glass are cov]$ ) a pat9a (   
age :i* is its *ief glory 9 quality &   
col\r1 & :i*1 or mo/ ( :i*1 a wet       
h&k]*ief dipp$ 9 a little du/ & rubb$   

sm>tly w remove4  ,9 %ort1 "h is a "w ( 
art z beautiful & preci\s z a picture by
 ,titian or ,holbe91 & probably1 z be+ !
 *ief glory ( "s /ately ca!dral1 /ill m 
preci\s1 :i* ought only to be tru/$ to !
 g5tle h&s ( a cultivat$ & sci5tific    
arti/1 connoisseur1 & exp]t4 ,! glass   
%\ld all be h&l$ z if x 7 old filigree  
silv]4 ,if ! lead is s p]i%$ t x is     
absolutely impossible to avoid tak+ !   
glass d[n1 x %\ld be receiv$ on !       
scaffold itself1 /raight f its place 9 !
 /one1 betwe5 pack+-bo>ds l9$ ) %eets ( 
wadd+--cotton-wool--atta*$ to ! bo>ds ) 
size or pa/e1 & )1 ( c\rse1 ! fluffy    
side outw>ds4 ,^! bo>ds1 section by     
section1 %\ld be f9ally cord$ or clamp$ 
ready = travell+ be=e be+ l[]$ f !      
scaffold2 if any pieces ( ! glass get   
deta*$ !y %\ld be c>efully pack$ 9      
sep>ate boxes1 ea* labell$ ) a lett]    
correspond+ to "o plac$ on ! section z  
pack$1 s t !re may be no *ance ( _!     
place ev] be+ lo/1 & :5 all is done !   
:ole w9d[ w be ready to be g5tly l[]$1  

securely pack$ = removal1 to ! pavem5t  
bel[4 ,! ideal ?+ n[ w\ld be to hire a  
room & d ! "w on ! spot2 b if ?is is    
impossible on acc\nt ( exp5se & ! ?+ has
 to be> a j\rney1 ! sections1 pack$ z   
above describ$1 %\ld be !mselves pack$1 
two or ?ree toge!r1 z may be conv5i5t1 9
 an out] pack+-case = travell+4 ,x %\ld 
be insur$1 = !n a repres5tative ( !     
railway mu/ att5d to c]tify ! pack+1 &  
also extra c>e w be tak5 9 transit4     
,arriv$ at ! %op1 ! w9d[ %\ld be laid   
out c>efully on ! b5* & ea* bit re-lead$
 into its place1 ! v fragile pieces     
betwe5 two bits ( ?9 %eet-glass4        
,unless ?is la/ practice is adopt$      
?r\gh\t1 ! ord9>y process ( cem5t+ mu/  
be omitt$ & c>eful putty+ sub/itut$ = x4
 ,:ile if x is adopt$ ! :ole mu/ be     
putti$ be=e cem5t+1 o!rwise ! cem5t w   
run 9 betwe5 ! v>i\s ?icknesses ( glass4
 ,x w\ld be an exp5sive & t$i\s & r     
?ankless process1 = ! repair]'s :ole aim
 w\ld be to hide f ! spectator ! fact t 
any?+ :atev] _h be5 done4  ,:at does    

happ5 at pres5t is ?is4 ,a c\ntry       
cl]gyman1 or1 9 ! case ( a ca!dral1 an  
ar*itectural surveyor1 nei!r ( :om "k by
 actual practice any?+ te*nically (     
/a9$-glass1 h& ! job ov] to "s "o       
repres5t+ a /a9$-glass e/abli%m5t4 ,?is 
g5tleman has /udi$ /a9$-glass on pap]1 &
 kn[s z mu* ab\t cutt+ or lead+         
te*nically & by p]sonal practice1 z an  
ar*itect does ( masonry1 or             
/one-c>v+--nei!r m nor less4 ,t is to   
say1 he has made sket*-books full (     
wat]-col\r or p5cil /udies1 & endless   
notes f old examples1 & has nev] cut a  
bit ( glass 9 8 life1 or lead$ x4       
,well1 he assumes ! responsibility1 & ! 
cli5t reposes 9 ! blissful confid5ce t  
all is well4  ,is all well8  ,! "w is   
plac$ 9 ! *>ge ( ! manag]1 & ?r\gh him x
 filt]s d[n z "p ( ! ord9>y1 natural    
c\rse ( ev5ts into ! glaz+-%op4 ,"h ?is 
preci\s & fragile "w ( art we h describ$
 is h&$ ov] to a numb] ( ord9>y work+ m5
 to treat by ! ord9>y me?ods ( _! trade4
 ,!y "k p]fectly well t nobody above !m 

kn[s z mu* z !y1 or1 inde$1 any?+ at all
 ( _! craft4 ,division ( lab\r has made 
!m glazi]s1 z x has made ! g5tlem5 above
 /airs1 :o d ! c>toons or ! pa9t+1      
arti/s4 ,^! la/ "k no?+ ( glaz+1 :y %\ld
 glazi]s "k any?+ ( art8 ,x is p]fectly 
j reason+2 !y d _! v be/1 & :at !y d is 
?is4 ,!y take out ! old1 t5d] glass1 ) !
 col\r h>dly cl++ to x1 & !y put x into 
fre% leads1 & !n !y sold] up ! jo9ts4   
,&1 by way ( a triumphant w9d-up to a   
good1 solid1 ,engli%1 common-s5se job1 )
 no art-nons5se or fads ab\t x1 !y      
proce$ to scrub ! :ole on bo? sides )   
/iff grass-bru%es 7ord9>ily sold at !   
oil-%ops = keep+ back-kit*5 s9ks clean71
 us+ ) !m a composition ma9ly consi/+ ( 
exactly ! same mat]ials ) :i* a h\semaid
 poli%es ! f5d] & fire-irons4 ,t is a   
pla91 simple1 unv>ni%$ /atem5t ( facts4 
,y may f9d x difficult ( belief1 b ?is  
is :at actually happ5s4 ,?is is :at y   
are hav+ done ev]y:]e1 gu>dians ( our   
anci5t build+s4 ,y'll soon h all y\r old
 w9d[s q z good z new4 ,x's a m]ry _w1  

isn't x8     ,,app5dix ,,iii       ,h9ts
 = ! ,curriculum ( a ,te*nical ,s*ool = 
,/a9$-,glass--,examples =               
,pa9t+--,examples ( ,drap]y--,draw+     
f ,nature--,ornam5tal ,design4          
,examples = ,pa9t+4--,i h already       
recomm5d$ = outl9e "w ! spl5did         
reproductions ( ! ,g>t] ,plates at      
,w9dsor4 ,x is m difficult to f9d       
equally good examples = pa9t+2 = if "o  
_h :at "o wi%$ x w\ld be photograph$ f  
ideal pa9t$-glass or else f c>toons     
wisely prep>$ = glass-"w4 ,b1 9 ! fir/  
case1 if ! photographs 7 f ! be/ anci5t 
glass--ev5 suppos+ "o c\ld get !m--!y   
w\ld be unsatisfactory = two reasons4   
,fir/1 because anci5t glass1 h[ev] well 
pres]v$1 has lo/ or ga9$ some?+ by age  
:i* no skill c reproduce2 & secondly1   
because h[ev] beautiful x is1 all b ! v 
late/ 7& !re=e n ! be/7 is immature 9   
draw+4 ,x is n wise to reproduce ^?     
errors4 ,! ?+s !mselves look beautiful &
 s9c]e because ! old work] drew z well z
 he c\ld2 b if we1 to imitate !m1 draw  

less well ?an we c1 we are imitat+ !    
accid5ts ( 8 production1 & n ! me?od &  
pr9ciple ( x3 ! pr9ciple 0 to draw z    
well z he c\ld1 & we1 if we wi% to      
emulate old glass1 mu/ draw z well z we 
c4 ,= examples ( ,heads no?+ c be bett] 
?an photographs f ,botticelli & o!r e>ly
 ,tuscan1 & f ! e>ly ,si5nese pa9t]s4   
,also f ,holbe91 & *iefly f 8 draw+s4   
,!re is a flatness & firmness ( treatm5t
 9 all ^! :i* is em95tly suit$ to       
/a9$-glass "w4 ,h&s also may be /udi$ f 
! same s\rces1 = ?\gh ,botticelli does n
 always draw h&s ) p]fect ma/]y1 yet he 
v (t5 does1 & ! expression ( !m1 z ( 8  
heads1 is always dignifi$ & full (      
sweetness & g5tl5ess ( feel+2 & z soon z
 we h le>nt our craft s z to copy ^!    
prop]ly1 ! be/ ?+ is to draw h&s & heads
 = ourselves4  ,examples ( ,drap]y4--,to
 me !re is no drap]y s beautiful &      
appropriate = /a9$-glass "w 9 ! :ole _w 
( art1 anci5t or mod]n1 z t (           
,burne-,jones1 & especially 9 8 /udies &
 draw+s & c>toons = glass2 & if ^! are n

 accessible1 at lea/ we may pose drap]y 
z l x z we c1 & draw x ourselves & copy 
x4 ,b ,i w\ld1 at any rate1 e>ne/ly w>n 
! /ud5t aga9/ ! cr9kly-crankly drap]y   
imitat$ f ,du]] & 8 s*ool1 :i* fills up 
! :ole panel ) wr9kles & turnov]s 7!    
l9+s ( a robe :i* give an opportunity = 
*ang+ ! col\r71 & spreads out "r & left 
& up & d[n till ! poor bi%op himself 7& 
9 n9e cases out ( t5 x is a bi%op1 s t  
he may be mitr$ & crosi]$ & pe>l-bord]$7
 becomes a m]e peg to hang ve/m5ts on1 &
 is made %ort & dumpy = t end4  ,!re is 
a great temptation & a great dang] "h4  
,?is k9d ( "w1 :]e e in* ( space is     
fill$ ) ornam5t & glitt]1 & *ange &     
v>iety & ri*ness1 is inde$ 9 _m ways "r 
& good = /a9$-glass2 :i* is a brok5-up  
?+2 :]e l>ge blank spaces are to be     
avoid$1 & :]e ea* little bit ( glass    
%\ld look c>$ = & ?\ght (1 z a piece (  
f9e jewell]y is put toge!r 9 its sett+2 
& if craftsman%ip 7 ev]y?+1 mu* might be
 said = ^! me?ods4 ,!re is inde$ pl5ty (
 /a9$-glass ( ! k9d m beautiful z       

craftsman%ip ?an any?+ s9ce ! ,middle   
,ages1 mu* m beautiful & cunn+ 9        
workman%ip ?an ,burne-,jones1 & yet :i* 
is little else b ve/m5ts & curta9s &    
diap]--:]e !re is no lesson taught1 no  
subject dwelt on1 no "* /udi$ or        
portray$4 ,if we wi% x to be s--if we h 
no?+ to tea* or le>n1 if we wi% to be   
let alone1 to be soo!d & lull$ by m]e   
sacr$ trapp+s1 by pleasant col\rs & f9e 
& delicate %e5 & ! glitt] ( silk &      
jewels--well & good1 ^! ?+s w s]ve2 b if
 !y fail to satisfy1 g to ,/4 ,philip's1
 ,birm+ham1 & see ! solemnities &       
trag$ies ( ,life & ,dea? & ,judgm5t1 &  
all ?is w dw9dle d[n into ! m]e uphol/]y
 & mill9]y t x is4  ,draw+ f            
,nature4--,!re is a side ( draw+        
practice almo/ :olly neglect$ 9 s*ools1 
:i* consi/s1 n 9 tra9+ ! eye & h& to    
correctly measure & outl9e spaces & =ms1
 b 9 tra9+ ! f+]-ends ) an ,h4,b4 p5cil 
po9t at ! end ( !m to illu/rate texture 
& m9ute detail4 ,x is necess>y to look  
at ?+s 9 a l>ge way1 b x is equally     

necess>y to look at !m 9 a small way2 to
 be able to c\nt ! ribs on a blade (    
grass or a t9y cockle-%ell1 & to give !m
 9 p5cil1 ea* ) its own light & %ade4 ,i
 f9d ! :ole key to ?is tea*+ to lie 9 "o
 gold5 rule--n to fright5 or daunt !    
/ud5t ) big tasks at fir/4 ,a s+le gra9 
( :eat1 n a :ole e> ( corn2 "s t9y se$1 
t9y %ell2 b :atev] is *os51 to be pursu$
 ) a ne$le-po9t$ p5cil to ! v v]ge (    
l5s-"w4 ,i mu/ yet aga9 quote ,rusk94 ,y
 h notic$1 he says1#i t all great       
sculptors1 & mo/ ( ! great pa9t]s (     
,flor5ce1 began by be+ goldsmi?s4 ,:y d 
y ?9k ! goldsmi?'s appr5tice%ip is s    
fruitful8 ,prim>ily1 because x =ces !   
boy to d small "w & m9d :at he is ab\t4 
,d y suppose ,mi*ael ,angelo le>n$ 8    
bus9ess by da%+ or hitt+ at x8          
,ornam5tal ,design4--,x is impossible "h
 to ent] into a description ( any sy/em 
( tea*+ ornam5t4 ,at p4 #bid ,i h giv5 j
 z mu* z two pages c give ( ! se$ f :i* 
su* a ?+ may spr+4 ,9 "s ( ! collotypes 
f ! f9i%$ glass ! patt]ns on qu>ry or   

robe :i* spr+ f ?is se$ may be trac$--v 
imp]fectly1 b z well z ! scale & !      
difficulties ( photography & ! abs5ce ( 
col\r w all[4  ,:at ,i f9d be/1 9       
comm5c+ ) any /ud5t1 is to />t f\r      
practices toge!r1 & keep !m go+ toge!r  
/ep by /ep1 side by side1 ?r\gh ! c\rse1
 "o ev5+ = ea*1 or "s l division4       
,te*nical ,"w4--,cutt+1 glaz+1 c4       
,pa9t+ ,"w4--,by graduat$ examples1 f   
simple outl9e up to a head (            
,botticelli4  ,ornam5t1 z describ$2 &   
,draw+ f ,nature1 9 ! _s & me?ods we h  
spok5 (4  ,m\ld+ ! :ole into a sy/em (  
composition & execution1 temp]$ & gov]n$
 z x goes along by judici\sly *os5 read+
 & ref]5ce to examples1 anci5t or mod]n4
  #i ,ariadne ,flor5t9a1 p4 #ajh4       
,,notes ,,on ,,! ,,collotype ,,plates   
,x is obvi\s t /a9$-glass _c be         
adequately %[n 9 book-illu/ration4  ,=  
in/ance1 we _c h ei!r ! scale ( x or !  
col\r--two r vital exceptions4 ,^!      
collotypes are1 !re=e1 put =? z m]e     
diagrams = ! use ( /ud5ts1 to call _!   

att5tion to c]ta9 def9ite po9ts &       
que/ions ( treatm5t1 & no m pret5d+ ?an 
if !y 7 black-bo>d draw+s to give       
adequate pictures ( :at glass c be or   
%\ld be4  ,?is is "o reason1 too1 = !   
omission ( all attempt to reproduce     
anci5t glass4 ,x 0 felt t x %\ld n be   
subject$ to ! indignity ( su* v imp]fect
 repres5tation1 & especially z s _m mu* 
l>g] books on ! subject exi/1 :]e at    
lea/ ! scale is n s ill-treat$4  ,b1    
besides1 if "o once began illu/rat+ old 
glass1 "o w\ld imm$iately seem to be    
sett+ /&>ds = pres5t-day guidance1 & ?is
 c\ld only be done 7if done7 ) _m       
annotations & exceptions & ) a mu* l>g] 
range ( examples ?an is possible "h4  ,!
 foll[+ illu/rations1 !re=e1 %[ !       
attempts ( a gr\p ( work]s :o h         
endeav\r$ to c>ry into practice !       
pr9ciples set =? 9 ?is book4 ,x has n   
be5 f\nd possible 9 all cases to get    
photographs f ! actual glass--always a v
 difficult ?+ to d4 ,! illu/rations c be
 se5 mu* bett] by ! aid ( a mod]ately   

/rong read+-l5s4  ,,plate ,i4--,"p (    
,ea/ ,w9d[1 ,/4 ,anselm's1 ,woodrid+s1  
,p9n]1 by ,l\is ,davis4 ,! design1      
c>toons1 & cut-l9e made1 all ! glass    
*os5 & pa9t$1 & ! lead+ sup]9t5d$ by !  
arti/4  ,illu/ration3 ,i4--,"p ( ,w9d[4 
,/4 ,anselm's1 ,woodrid+s1 ,p9n]4       
,,plate ,,ii4--,ano!r portion ( ! same  
w9d[1 by ! same4 ,sc5es f ! ,life ( ,/4 
,anselm4 ,execut$ "u ! same conditions z
 ! above4 ,! freeh& draw+ & ! v>y+      
?ickness ( ! leads 9 ! qu>ry "w %\ld be 
not$4  ,illu/ration3 ,,ii4--,"p ( ,w9d[4
 ,/4 ,anselm's1 ,woodrid+s1 ,p9n]4      
,,plate ,,iii4--,w9d[ 9 ,/4 ,pet]'s     
,*ur*1 ,clapham ,road--,bless$ are !y t 
,m\rn1 by ,reg9ald ,hallw>d4 ,! :ole ( !
 "w 9 ?is in/ance1 includ+ cutt+1 lead+1
 c41 is done by ! arti/ himself4 ,z an  
in/ance ( h[ little photography c d1 x  
is wor? :ile to describe su* a small    
item z ! scroll above ! figure4 ,?is is 
( glass mo/ c>efully select$ 7or mo/    
skilfully treat$ ) acid71 s t ! gr\nd "w
 v>ies f silv]y-:ite to almo/ a         

pansy-purple1 & on ?is ! v]se is        
illum9at$ 9 tones v>y+ f pale primrose  
to ! ruddie/ gold--! :ole =m+ a passage 
( lovely col\r impossible to a*ieve by  
any sy/em ( copy+4 ,x is "w l ?is & !   
prec$+ t is ref]r$ to on p4 #bff4       
,illu/ration3 ,,iii4--,w9d[4 ,/4 ,pet]'s
 ,*ur*1 ,clapham4  ,,plate              
,,iv4--,c5tral "p ( ,w9d[ 9 ,cobham     
,*ur*1 ,k5t1 by ,reg9ald ,hallw>d4      
,execut$ "u ! same conditions z !       
prec$+4  ,illu/ration3 ,,iv4--,"p (     
,w9d[4 ,cobham ,*ur*1 ,k5t4  ,,plate    
,v4--,"p ( ,w9d[ 9 ,ardrahan ,*ur*1     
,galway--,/4 ,rob]t by ,selwyn ,image4  
,f ! c>toon4 ,see p4 #hc4  ,illu/ration3
 ,v4--,"p ( ,w9d[4 ,ardrahan1 ,galway4  
,,plate ,,vi4--,two ,designs = ,dome/ic 
,glass1 by ,miss ,m4 ,j4 ,newill4 ,f !  
c>toons4  ,illu/ration3 ,,vi4--,f       
,c>toons = ,dome/ic ,glass4  ,,plate    
,,vii4--,! ,dream ( ,/4 ,k5elm1 by ,h4  
,a4 ,payne4 ,! au?or _h ! pleasure (    
wat*+ ?is "w daily :ile 9 progress4 ,x 0
 done entirely by ! arti/'s own h&1 by  

way ( a specim5 ma/]piece (             
craftsman%ip1 & ! aim 0 to use to ! full
 ext5t e res\rce ( ! mat]ial4           
,illu/ration3 ,,vii4--,w9d[4 ,! ,dream (
 ,/4 ,k5elm4  ,,plate ,,viii4--,six     
,qu>ries--,day & ,night1 ,! ,_s on !    
,face ( ! ,wat]s1 ,creation ( ,birds &  
,fi%es1 ,ed51 & ,! ,p>able ( ! ,good    
,se$1 by ,pupils ( ,h4 ,a4 ,payne1      
,birm+ham ,s*ool ( ,art4 ,^! lose v mu* 
by r$uction1 & %\ld be se5 ) a l5s      
magnify+ #b-a_/b diamet]s4 ,!y are !    
designs ( ! pupils !mselves 7boys 9 _!  
te5s71 & are examples ( bold outl9e     
unt\*$ aft] trac+4 ,!y are m elaborate  
?an w\ld be desirable = ord9>y qu>ry    
glaz+2 be+ int5d$ = int]ior "w on a     
scre51 to be se5 close at h& ) borr[$   
light4  ,illu/ration3 ,,viii4--,qu>ries4
 7,size ( orig9als1 #d-a_/b by #d ins47 
,,plate ,,ix4--,micro-photographs4 #a4  
,a piece ( outl9e t has fri$ 9 ! kiln4  
,magnifi$ #bj diamet]s4 ,see p4 #ajd4   
#b4 ,a small ,diamond se5 f above4      
,magnifi$ #aj-a_/b diamet]s4 ,! :ite    

horizontal l9e is ! cutt+ edge4  #c4 ,a 
l>g] ,diamond t has be5 reset4 ,t is to 
say1 re-gr\nd3 ! diagonal m>ks l a ,/4  
,&rew's ,cross %[ ! gr9d+ d[n ( ! old   
facets by :i* ! new cutt+ edge has be5  
produc$4 ,magnifi$ #aj-a_/b diamet]s4   
#d4 ,no4 #b se5 f ! side4 ,magnifi$     
#aj-a_/b diamet]s2 ! cutt+ edge faces   
t[>ds ! left4  ,illu/ration3            
,,ix4--,micro-photographs f details     
connect$ ) ,glass ,"w4  ,,plate         
,x4--,micro-photographs ( ,glass-cutt+  
,v difficult to expla94 ,a is a %eet (  
glass se5 9 section multipli$ #ae-a_/b  
diamet]s4 ,! black m>ks along ! top edge
 are diamond-cuts1 good & bad1 com+     
/raight t[>ds ! spectator4 ,! two       
outside ones are v bad cuts1 f> too     
viol5t1 & h split (f ! surface ( !      
glass4 ,( ! two inn] ones ! left-h& "o  
is an ideally good cut1 no di/urbance ( 
! surface hav+ occurr$2 ! "r-h& a fairly
 good "o1 b a little unnecess>ily h>d4  
,pass+ ov] ,b = ! pres5t--,c is a simil>
 piece ( glass also magnifi$ #ae-a_/b   

diamet]s1 ) :eel-cuts se5 endwise 7com+ 
t[>ds ! spectator74 ,! "o on ! left is a
 v bad cut1 ! surface ( ! glass hav+    
actually split (f 9 flakes1 ! next to x 
is a p]fect cut :]e ! surface is intact1
 & note t ?\gh n a qu>t] s mu* pressure 
has be5 employ$1 ! split d[nw>d into !  
glass is deep] & %>p] ?an 9 ! viol5t cut
 to ! left1 z is also ! case ) ! two o!r
 mod]ately good cuts to ! "r4  ,d1      
,e--,:eel-cuts4 ,9 ^! we are look+ d[n  
^u ! surface ( ! glass4 ,!y are bad     
cuts1 multipli$ #bj diamet]s2 !         
direction ( ! cut is f left to "r4 ,9 ! 
upp] figure ! flake ( glass is split    
completely (f b is /ill ly+ 9 its place4
 ,9 ! l[] "o ! left-h& half is split1 & 
! "r-h& only p>tially s1 rema9+ s       
closely atta*$ to ! body ( ! glass z to 
%[ 7& 9 an especially beautiful & p]fect
 mann]7 ! ra9b[-t9t$ ,newton's r+s :i*  
accompany ! ph5om5on ( ,int]f]5ce1 = an 
explanation ( :i* ,i mu/ ref] ! read] to
 an encyclopa$ia or "s "w on optics4    
,good cuts se5 f above are simply l9es l

 a hair ^u ! glass1 b ! diamond-cut is a
 co>s] hair ?an ! :eel-cut4  ,if y n[   
hold ! illu/ration upside d[n1 :at !n   
becomes ! top edge ( section ,c %[s a   
:eel-cut se5 sideways along ! section ( 
! glass :i* x has divid$1 ! direction ( 
?is cut be+ f left to "r4  ,9 ! same way
 section ,a se5 upside d[n gives !      
appe>ance ( a diamond-cut1 also f left  
to "r1 & multipli$ #ae-a_/b diamet]s1   
:ile ,b held 9 ! same position gives !  
same cut multipli$ #gh diamet]s4 ,!     
nature ( ^! ?+s is discuss$ at p4 #dh4  
,9 _! natural col\r1 & "u /rong light1  
!y are v beautiful objects "u !         
microscope4 ,ev5 a #aj-;diamet] ,/e9heil
 l5s1 or /ill bett] its ,engli%         
equival5t1 a ,nelson l5s1 w %[ !m       
fairly1 & "s su* in/rum5t1 op5+ out a   
new _w ( beauty beyond ! p[] ( ord9>y   
vision1 ought1 "o w\ld ?9k1 to be "o ( !
 possessions ( e arti/ & lov] ( ,nature4
  ,! illu/rations t foll[ are f ! "w ( !
 au?or & 8 pupils conjo9tly4 ,^? 9 :i*  
no design has be5 add$ are = cle>ness'  

sake describ$ z by ! au?or2 b x is to be
 und]/ood t 9 all in/ances ! transcrib+ 
( ! "w 9 ! glass has be5 ! "w ( pupils  
"u 8 sup]vision4 ,all design ( diap]1   
canopy1 lett]+1 & qu>ries is s1 9 all ! 
examples select$4  ,illu/ration3        
,x4--,micro-photographs4 ,diamond &     
,:eel ,cuts se5 9 ,section & ,plan4     
,,plate ,,xi4--,f ,gl\ce/] ,ca!dral--,/4
 ,boniface by ! au?or & 8 pupils4       
,illu/ration3 ,,xi4--,"p ( ,w9d[4       
,gl\ce/] ,ca!dral4  ,,plate ,,xii4--,f !
 same--,! ,/ork ( ,iona & ,! ,infant    
,*ur*1 by ! same4 ,canopies f ,oak &    
,ivy4  ,illu/ration3 ,,xii4--,"p (      
,w9d[4 ,gl\ce/] ,ca!dral4  ,,plate      
,,xiii4--,portion ( a ,w9d[ 9 progress  
7de/9$ = ,a%b\rne ,*ur*71 by ! au?or4   
,?is has be5 specially photograph$ on ! 
easel1 to %[ h[ ne>1 by ! use ( false   
leadl9es1 c41 ! "w c be got1 dur+ its   
progress1 to approa* to its actual      
conditions :5 f9i%$4  ,illu/ration3     
,,xiii4--,portion ( ,unf9i%$ ,w9d[1     
photograph$ f ,"w on ! ,easel4  ,,plate 

,,xiv4--,draw+s f ,nature1 by ! au?or's 
pupils4 ,piec$ toge!r f v>i\s draw+s by 
?ree diff]5t h&s2 made 9 prep>ation =   
design ( ,oak canopy4 ,see p4 #cbd &    
,plate ,,xi4  ,illu/ration3             
,,xiv4--,draw+s f ,nature1 9 ,prep>ation
 = ,design4  ,,plate ,,xv4--,"p ( ,ea/  
,w9d[ ( ,s*ool ,*apel1 ,tonbridge1 by ! 
au?or4 ,f ! c>toon3 ! figure play+ !    
dulcim] is und]nea? ! mang]1 above :i*  
is seat$ ! ,virg9 & ,*ild4              
,illu/ration3 ,,xv4--,"p ( ,w9d[4       
,tonbridge ,s*ool ,*apel1 photograph$ f 
! ,c>toon4  ,,plate ,,xvi4--,figure ( "o
 ( ! ,*oir ( ,dom9ations4 ,f ,gl\ce/]1  
by ! au?or & 8 pupils4  ,illu/ration3   
,,xvi4--,"p ( ,w9d[4 ,gl\ce/] ,ca!dral4 
,! names ( ! pupils ^: "w appe>s 9      
,plate ,,viii4 are ,j4 ,h4 ,saund]s &   
,r4 ,j4 ,/ub+ton4 ,9 ,plate ,,xiv4 ,a4  
,e4 ,*ild1 ,k4 ,p>sons1 & ,j4 ,h4       
,/anley2 & 9 ! ,plates ,,xi4 to ,,xvi4  
,j4 ,brett1 ,l4 ,brett1 ,a4 ,e4 ,*ild1  
,p4 ,r4 ,edw>ds1 ,m4 ,hut*9son1 ,k4     
,p>sons1 ,j4 ,h4 ,/anley1 ,j4 ,e4       

,t>box1 & ,e4 ,a4 ,woore4 ,! cuts 9 !   
text are by ,k4 ,p>sons & ,e4 ,a4       
,woore4     ,,gloss>y   ,antiques1      
col\r$ glasses made 9 imitation ( !     
qualities ( anci5t glass4  ,b&+1 putt+  
on ! copp] ties by :i* ! glaz$ light is 
atta*$ to ! support+ b>s4  ,base1 7#a7 !
 light-t9t$ glass1 :ite1 gre5i% or      
yell[1 on :i* ! ?9 film ( ruby or blue  
is impos$ 9 fla%$ glasses2 7#b7 !       
support ( ! ni*e on :i* ! figure /&s 9  
canopy "w4  ,borr[$ light1 a light n    
com+ direct f daylight1 b f ! int]ior   
light ( a build+ z 9 ! case ( a scre5 ( 
glass4 7,! result is simil> :5 a w9d[ is
 se5 aga9/ ne> backgr\nd ( trees or     
build+s47  ,calm 7( lead71 ! /rip (     
lead1 #c to #d feet long1 z us$ = lead+ 
up ! glass4  ,canopy or tab]nacle "w1 ! 
ar*itectural fram+ 9 imitation ( a c>v$ 
ni*e 9 :i* ! figure is plac$4 ,! v]tical
 supports 7sometimes us$ alone to frame 
9 ! :ole light7 are call$ %aft+4        
,c>toon1 ! design ( ! w9d[1 full size1  
on pap]4  ,*asuble1 ! out]mo/           

sacrificial ve/m5t ( a bi%op or prie/4  
,cope1 ! out]mo/ c]emonial &            
processional ve/m5t ( a bi%op or prie/4 
,core 7( lead71 ! crossb> ( ! ,h section
 z %[n 9 fig4 #cd4  ,crockett+1 !       
ornam5t+ ( any ar*itectural memb] at    
int]vals ) sculptur$ bosses or crockets4
  ,cullet1 ! wa/e cutt+s ( glass4       
,g5]ally us$ ov] aga9 9 great] or less  
quantity z an +r$i5t 9 ! mak+ ( new     
glass4  ,cut-l9e1 ! trac+ 7conta9+ !    
lead l9es only7 by :i* ! "w is cut &    
glaz$4  ,flux1 ! solv5t :i* assi/s !    
melt+ ( ! metallic pigm5ts 9 ! kiln4    
,v>i\s mat]ials are us$1 e4g4 silica &  
lead1 b un=tunately borax also is us$1 &
 ,i w\ld w>n ! /ud5t to buy no pigm5t   
)\t a gu>antee f ! manufactur] t x does 
n conta9 ?is tempt+ b v dang]\s &       
un/able +r$i5t4 7,see p4 #aab74  ,=m1 ! 
%eet ( cont9u\s c>tridge or c>toon pap] 
on :i* ! dim5sions1 c41 are m>k$ out =  
draw+ ! c>toon4  ,gauge1 7#a7 ! %ap$    
piece ( pap] by :i* ! diamond is guid$ 9
 cutt+2 7#b7 ! /&>d ( size & %ape 9 any 

piece ( repeat$ "w 7z qu>ry-glaz+74     
,grisaille 7f ,fr4 gris1 grey71 "w :]e a
 patt]n1 g5]ally geometrical1 9 n>r[    
col\r$ b&s1 is sup]impos$ on a backgr\nd
 ( :iti%1 grey1 or gre5i% glass diap]$ )
 pa9t$ "w 9 outl9e or slight %ad+4      
,grose+1 ! bit+ away ! edge ( ! glass ) 
pli]s to make x fit4 ,) reg>d to ?is ^w 
& to ! t]m calm1 ,i h nev] f\nd any "o  
:o c\ld give a reason = ! "n or an      
au?ority z to its spell+1 ! v>i\s       
spell+s sugge/$ = ! latt] ^w includ+    
,k>m1 ,calm1 ,c>m1 ,kaim1 & ev5 ,qualm6 
,b :ile writ+ ?is book ,i 9 lucky h\r   
consult$ ! treatise ( ,!ophilus1 & 0    
delight$ to f9d bo? words4 ,! t]m he    
applies to ! leads is ,calamus 7a re$71 
:ile 8 t]m = :at we %\ld call pli]s is  
,gros>ium f]rum 7grose+ iron74 ,s t ?is 
"q is set at re/ = ev]4 ,glazi]s mu/    
h5ce=? accept ! classic spell+s ,calm & 
,grose+1 & "o may suppose !y w be pr\d  
to le>n t ^! ev]yday t]ms ( _! craft h  
be5 9 use = #ijj ye>s1 & are old] ?an   
,we/m9/] ,abbey4  ,la?1 ! rul]1 #c to #h

 feet long1 & m>k$ ) in*es1 c41 us$ 9   
sett+ out ! =ms4  ,la?yk91 d\btless old 
,engli% a little la?1 describ$ p4 #acg4 
,la/+-nails1 describ$ p4 #ada4  ,leaf 7(
 lead71 ! two uprights ( ! ,h section   
7fig4 #cd74  ,mull]1 a piece ( granite  
or glass1 flat at ! base1 = gr9d+       
pigm5t1 c4  ,obtuse1 an angle hav+ a    
wid] op5+ ?an a "r-angle or p]p5dicul>4 
,orphreys 7aurifrigia1 f ,lat4 aurum1   
gold71 ! b&s ( ornam5t on ecclesia/ical 
ve/m5ts4  ,pat9a1 ! film produc$ on     
v>i\s sub/ances by *emical action       
7oxidation1 sulphurisation1 c471 ei!r   
artificially1 z 9 bronze sculpture1 or  
by age1 z 9 glass4  ,plat+1 ! d\bl+ ( "o
 glass ) ano!r 9 ! same lead4  ,qu>ries1
 ! diamond1 squ>e1 or o!r %ap$ panes us$
 9 pla9-glaz+4  ,reamy1 wavy or /reaky  
glass4 7,see p4 #agi47  ,scrat*-c>d1 a  
wire bru% to remove t>ni% f lead be=e   
sold]+ 7p4 #add74  ,sett+1 fix+ a *>coal
 or *alk draw+ on ! pap] by means ( a   
spray ( fixative4  ,%aft+1 see ,canopy4 
,%oot+ 79 c>p5try71 ! plan+ d[n ( an    

edge to get x truly /raight4            
,squ>+-out1 enl>g+ 7or r$uc+7 any design
 by draw+ f po9t to po9t across         
proportional squ>es4  ,/ippl+1 describ$ 
p4 #ajj4  ,/opp+-knife1 ! knife by :i* !
 glass & lead are manipulat$ 9 lead+-up4
  ,tab]nacle "w1 see ,canopy4           
,template1 ! =m 9 pap]1 c>d1 wood1 or   
z9c1 ( %ap$ op5+s1 by :i* ! correct     
figure is set out on ! c>toon-=m4       
,,index        ,accid5tal qualities 9   
glass1 value (1 #aad       ,accuracy 9  
sett+ out =ms1 #bhf       ,accuracy (   
measurem5t1 #aae1 #bhe       ,accuracy (
 "w 9 ! %op1 rules =1 =mula = "r        
angles1 #bhf       ,acid+1 #acj         
,action1 viol5t1 to be avoid$1 #agc     
,adv]tis+1 #bic       ,allegory1 #bdh   
,allegory1 true allegory ! pres5tm5t (  
noble natures1 #bfj       ,anci5t       
build+s1 sacr$ness (1 #bde       ,anci5t
 glass1 #aga1 #cad1 #cba1 #cbh          
,antique glasses1 #ca                   
,ar*itectural fitness1 #bcd             
,ar*itecture1 h>mony )1 #agd            

,ar*itecture1 /a9$-glass accessory to1  
#afh       ,ar*itecture1 subs]vi5t to1  
#aee1 #bcf       ,arm\r1 by use ( acid+ 
9 fla%$ blue glass1 #aca       ,art     
col\rs1 #bja       ,arti/1 "r claim to !
 title1 #bfi       ,asleep1 ,millais'   
picture (1 #bji       ,assi/ants1 to be 
tra9$ to ma/]%ip1 #bfh       ,aux]re1   
c5tre = /udy ( glass1 #cae              
,back+1 #abf       ,badg]1 #gb1 #gd     
,badg]1 h[ to dry1 #aic       ,b&+1 #aea
       ,b>ff's =mula = pigm5t1 #bbf     
,b>s1 #aea1 #aei1 #afg       ,b>s & lead
 l9es1 #aff1 #agf       ,beads1 a /r+ (1
 #aij       ,bee?ov51 col\r1 #bbd1 #bga 
,bicycle1 use (1 #baf       ,birds1 #bag
       ,birm+ham1 ,burne-,jones w9d[s1  
#bcf1 #cbd       ,boniface1 ,/41 a "q ( 
/a9+1 #bbd       ,books1 #bee1 #beg     
,borax1 untru/wor?y z flux1 #cgj        
,borr[$ light1 #bbg 7& ,gloss>y7        
,botticelli1 #fd1 #gh1 #bej1 #big1 #cbb 
,br[n1 ,madox1 #bjc       ,bru%1 h[ to  
fill1 #eh       ,build]s' glaz+1 #ahj   
,bunt+=d1 ride f1 #baf                  

,burne-,jones1 #aca1 #bjc1 #bcf1 #bej1  
#cbd       ,burn+1 #abi       ,burnt    
umb]1 #bjc       ,butt]fly1 #bag        
,byzantium ( ! crafts1 #bdc             
,byzant9e revival1 #bda        ,calm (  
lead1 #acg 7& ,gloss>y7                 
,cambridge1 ,burne-,jones w9d[s1 #bcg   
,cambridge1 c5tre = /udy ( glass1 #cad  
,cambridge1 ,k+'s ,college1 = blue & r$1
 #bcj       ,canopies1 #bde             
,canopy1 #agg1 #cjj       ,cant]bury1   
c5tre = /udy ( glass1 #cad              
,cant]bury1 = blue & r$1 #bcj           
,c>toons1 #hc1 #aib       ,ca!drals1    
#agh1 #ahj1 #bae1 #bcj1 #bcd1 #bch1     
#bdf1 #bhb1 #cad       ,cell9i1 #bbh    
,cem5t & cem5t+1 #adg       ,c5tres =   
/udy ( glass1 #cad1 #cae       ,*>tres1 
c5tre = /udy ( glass1 #bcj1 #cad        
,*>tres1 = blue & r$1 #bcj       ,*ief  
difficulty 79 art7 ! *ief opportunity1  
#cja       ,*op91 #bbc       ,cir5ce/]  
w9d[s1 #ahj       ,cleanl9ess1 #fg1     
#afd1 #aic       ,cli5ts1 #bgi          
,collotypes1 notes on1 #cbg-ccf         

,col\r1 #aih-bca       ,com=t 9 "w1 #fg 
,commission1 "o's fir/1 #bib            
,conditions1 importance ( asc]ta9+ at   
comm5cem5t1 #bhc       ,conduct1 g5]al1 
#bfd       ,con/ant9e & ,byzantium1 #bdj
       ,co-op]ation1 #afc1 #bfe1 #bfh1  
#bgd-f       ,corn-col\r1 #bag-bah      
,c\nt]*>g+1 #id       ,cov]+ up !       
pigm5t1 #afd       ,craft1 complete     
tea*+ (1 #agd1 #aig       ,craftsman1 "r
 claims to ! title1 #bfi                
,craftsman%ip1 revival (1 #bdc          
,middle ,ages1 #beb       ,cullet1 value
 (1 #aei       ,curriculum1 #cba-cbf    
,cut-9 glass1 #di       ,cut-l9e1 #he1  
#hi       ,cutt] & c>tooni/1 #dd        
,cutt+1 #cg1 #db1 #dg1 #hg1 #afb        
,cutt+1 advanc$1 #hc       ,cutt+-knife1
 #ach       ,cutt+-:eel 7see            
,:eel-cutt]7        ,dahlia1 col\r (1   
#bah       ,dante or ,blake1 p]haps ne$$
 today1 #bec       ,dante on ,con/ant9e1
 #bdj       ,dappl+1 #afc       ,d5ti/1 
precision ( a1 #fg       ,design1 #afg1 
#age1 #cbe       ,diamond1 #cc1 #hh1    

#cca       ,difficulty conqu]$ br+s new 
insight & new p[]1 #cjb                 
,difficulty1 ! *ief opportunity 9 a "w (
 art1 #bhb       ,direct+ assi/ants1    
cle>ness 91 promptness 91 #bgg          
,discords h>monis$ by add$ notes1 #bab  
,di/ance1 effect (1 #ajb1 #aib          
,division ( lab\r1 #agj1 #bfi           
,docket+ ( pap]s1 sy/em (1 #bhd         
,dodges1 a few little1 #ahb       ,d\bl+
 glass1 #acb       ,drap]y1 #bcj1 #cbb  
,draw+ f ,nature1 #cbd       ,draw+1    
,rusk9's advice on f95ess 9 "w1 #cbe    
,du ,mauri]1 #bjg       ,du]]1 revision 
( 8 "w1 #bga       ,dut* arti/'s        
portrait ( actress1 #bbj        ,e>ly   
,engli% glass1 #ca1 #bbg       ,easels1 
#ahf1 #aia       ,ecc5tricity to be     
avoid$1 #bdg       ,economy1 #aef1 #aeh 
,egyptians1 #ahb       ,engli%          
wa/efulness1 #aef       ,et*+ 7see      
,acid+7       ,examples = pa9t+1 #cba   
,examples = /a9$-glass "w1 ,holbe91 #cbb
       ,expression1 influ5ce ( di/ance  
on1 #ajb        ,facet+ ( /ones & glass1

 #bbh1 #ccb       ,fair=d1 gre5 9 ,eve  
w9d[1 #baa1 #bcj       ,fair=d1 old     
glass 91 #cad       ,false lead l9es1   
#aff       ,fame & weal? good1 b n at   
exp5se ( "w1 #bif       ,fancy1 safe    
guide 91 #bei       ,film1 #id1 #aja    
,f9e "w 9 art1 #bih-cjc       ,f9i% 9   
"w1 precision & cleanl9ess1 #fg         
,fir+1 #aje-aai       ,fir/ duty ( an   
arti/1 #bdh       ,five ,si/]s w9d[1    
#agh1 #caa       ,fix+1 #ace1 #aea      
,fla%$ glass1 #cc       ,flatness1      
desirable1 obta9$ by lead+1 #agf        
,fl[]s1 #bag       ,flux1 #cgj          
,=ms1 accuracy (1 #bhf-bhi       ,fre%  
me?ods & ideas come accid5tally1 #bih   
,fre%ness ( "w1 advantage (1 #aaf       
,fri$ "w1 h[ to remove1 #ajd            
,fry+1 #ajd        ,g>i% col\r1 #bjb    
,g>t] plates1 #fa1 #fb1 #gj1 #ga        
,gas-kiln1 #ajh-aj       ,gauge = cutt+1
 h[ to make1 #hh       ,g5]al conduct1  
#bfd       ,giotto1 #beb                
,giorgione1 #bjc       ,glass1 anci5t1  
#cbh       ,glass1 h[ made1 #cb         

,glass1 h[ to wax up on plate1 #ie      
,glass 9 relation to /onework1 #acd     
,glass1 ,muni*1 #hd1 #agf       ,glass1 
,norman1 #bbg       ,glass1 old1 #cjh1  
#cae       ,glass1 pa9t$1 #hd           
,glass-pa9t]'s me?ods describ$1 #bje    
,glass-pa9t+ comp>$ ) mezzot9t1 #ha     
,glass-pa9t+ comp>$ ) oil-pa9t+1 #bjj   
,glass1 ,prior's1 #ca       ,glass1     
value ( accid5tal qualities 91 #aad     
,glasses1 antique1 #ca       ,glaz+1    
#aea1 #ahj       ,gloss>y1 #cfi         
,gl\ce/] = blue & r$1 #bcj              
,gl\ce/]1 c5tre = /udy ( glass1 #cad    
,god's h\se1 #bce       ,gold p9k1 value
 (1 #afj       ,good ,%eph]d1 #agb      
,go?ic revival1 !1 #bci       ,grose+1  
#dc 7& ,gloss>y7       ,grose+ tool1    
sub/itute =1 #ee       ,groze+ 7see     
,grose+7       ,gum-arabic1 #eh         
,gum1 quality & quantity (1 #gg         
,h&el1 #bbc       ,h&l+ lead$ lights1   
#adf       ,h&-re/1 #fa       ,h>mony 9 
col\r1 ! great rule (1 #baa             
,h>mony1 univ]sal1 #bcd       ,h>mony ) 

ar*itecture1 #agd       ,heaton's       
kiln-fe$]1 #ahd       ,h]t=d%ire1 ride  
?r\gh1 #bae       ,holbe91 #fd1 #gh1    
#caf1 #cbb       ,holl&]1 ?rift (1 #aeg 
,hurry to be avoid$1 #afe       ,hyac9?s
 & leaves1 col\r (1 #bba        ,image1 
,selwyn1 #hc       ,imag9ation1 #bdh1   
#bei       ,indu/ry1 #fe1 #bgh       ,9 
situ1 to try "w1 #age                   
,inspiration1 nature (1 discuss$1 #bgc  
,italian1 ?rift (1 #aeg        ,jacob's 
ladd]1 difficulty1 #bhj       ,jo9ts1   
good & bad1 #adj       ,juggl]y1 craft1 
to be avoid$1 #agd        ,kaleidoscope1
 #bcb       ,kiln-fe$]1 a clumsy1 #ahc  
,kilns1 #aje       ,k+1 portrait (1 #ajb
       ,knives1 cutt+ & /opp+1 #ach1    
#adb       ,knock+ up1 #add             
,lab\r & mat]ial1 co/ (1 #afb           
,lamb1 ,*>les1 on ,milton's ,lycidas1   
#bgb       ,l>ge "w1 difficulty (1 #gg  
,l',art ,n\veau1 #bde       ,la/+ nails1
 #ada       ,la?yk91 #acg 7& ,gloss>y7  
,lea ,valley1 description (1 #bae       
,lead1 #hi       ,lead1 calm (1 #acg 7& 

,gloss>y7       ,lead1 #ij1 #acb1 #acg  
,lead-l9e1 #hd1 #agb       ,lead-l9es1  
false1 #aff       ,lead-mill1 #ia       
,lead1 purity (1 #ij       ,lead1 out]  
lead %[+1 #acf       ,lead$ lights1 h[  
to h&le1 #adf       ,lead+1 #acc        
,leadwork1 arti/ic use (1 #agf          
,leadwork]s1 wage (1 #aei       ,light1 
#bbg 7& ,gloss>y7       ,lights1 #gb1   
#adf1 #aea       ,limitations1 #aed1    
#agj       ,l9nell's col\r1 #bjb        
,lycidas1 p]fection (1 #bga             
,lyndhur/1 w9d[s at1 #bcg1 #bej         
,macl\1 ,/41 at ,r\51 #bhb       ,man's 
"w1 nature (1 #aif       ,ma/]1 book no 
sub/itute =1 #hb       ,ma/]1 ne$ (1    
#hb1 #aie       ,mat]ial & lab\r1 co/ (1
 #afb       ,matt+1 #gb                 
,matt+-bru%1 #gc1 #ge       ,matt+ ov]  
unfir$ outl9e1 #gf       ,measure ?rice1
 cut once1 #bhe       ,measurem5t1      
accuracy (1 #aae1 #bhe                  
,measurem5t1 relation ( glass to !      
/onework1 #acd       ,mei/]s+]s1 !1 #bbc
       ,mezzot9t comp>$ ) glass-pa9t+1  

#ha       ,mi*ael ,angelo1 #bga         
,middle ,ages1 craftsman%ip (1 #beb     
,millais' picture ( ,asleep1 #bji       
,mill9]y & uphol/]y 9 glass1 to avoid1  
#cbd       ,morris1 #bjc       ,mull]1  
#gi       ,muni* glass1 #hd1 #agf       
,music1 illu/ration d]iv$ f1 #bbc       
,nails1 #ada       ,nativity1 /> (1 #bbi
       ,nature1 #bac1 #bag1 #cjb1 #cbd1 
#cce       ,neatness1 #if       ,ne$le1 
#fh1 #abc       ,new ,college1 #bcj     
,niggl+1 no use 91 #aeh       ,nimbus1  
)held till ! figure is f9i%$1 #bfc      
,norman glass1 #bbg       ,novelty n    
ess5tial to orig9ality1 #bdg            
,numb]s atta*$ to natural objects1 #bba 
,oil-pa9t+ & glass-pa9t+ comp>$1 #aih   
,oil /one1 sub/itutes =1 #ec       ,old 
glass1 #aga1 #cjh1 #cad1 #cba           
,orange-tip butt]fly1 #bad       ,ord]1 
,heav5's fir/ law1 #bcc                 
,ord]l9ess1 #bhd       ,orig9ality n to 
be /riv5 aft]1 #big       ,ornam5t1     
sy/em ( tea*+1 #cbe       ,outl9e1      
#ei-hb       ,ov]pa9t+1 dang] (1 #abj   

,ox=d1 c5tre = /udy ( glass1 #cad       
,ox=d1 ,new ,college1 = gre51 #bcj      
,oxide 7see ,pigm5t7        ,pa9t$      
glass1 #hd       ,pa9t] & glass-pa9t]   
contra/$1 #aii       ,pa9t+1 #ef1 #id1  
#aah1 #cba       ,pa9t+1 heav9ess (1    
object$ to by "s1 #bbg       ,pa9t+1    
rule reg>d+ am\nt (1 #bbi       ,pansy1 
col\r (1 #bcb       ,patrons1 #bfd      
,p>!non frieze1 repose (1 #agc          
,p]fection1 #afc       ,p]p5dicul>1     
rules = rais+ a1 #bhf       ,pet]bor\gh1
 ,go?ic trac]y 9 ,norman op5+s1 #bch    
,pictures1 criticism on1 #bjh           
,pigm5t1 #afd1 #bbf       ,pigm5t1      
mixture (1 #eg       ,pigm5t1 oxide (   
iron1 #eg       ,pigm5t1 s(t1 dang] (1  
#aab       ,pigm5t1 unpleasant r$1 #eg  
,pla9 glaz+1 remov+1 #aea       ,plat+1 
#adg       ,pli]s1 #dc       ,poppies1  
#bah       ,prices ( /a9$ glasses1 #aei 
,pr9ciples ( old "w to be imitat$1 n    
accid5ts1 #cbb       ,prior's glass1 #ca
       ,publicity1 dang] ( wa/+ "t on   
pursuit (1 #bif       ,pun*1 p>ody ( !  

,palace ( ,art1 #bej       ,pupils' "w1 
#cce       ,putty1 sub/itute = cem5t 9  
plat$ "w1 #cah       ,putty1 to be us$  
:5 glass is d\bl$1 #adg        ,qu>ries1
 #cca       ,qu>ry glaz+1 ) subject1    
#agg        ,rack = glass samples1 #ahf 
,realism to be avoid$1 #agc             
,reca/+ ( composition1 #cja             
,remov+ ! pla9 glaz+1 #aea       ,repose
 9 ar*itectural art1 #agd       ,re/ =  
h&1 #fa       ,re/oration1 #aha1 #bde1  
#cae       ,resurrection1 sunrise 91    
#bai       ,revivals1 ar*itectural1 #bci
       ,ri* & pla9 "w1 #agg       ,"r   
angles1 =mula =1 #bhf       ,roman      
decad5ce1 #bdj       ,room1 to make !   
mo/ (1 #aib       ,rose-bri>1 col\r (1 9
 sunset1 #bbj       ,rossetti1 #bjc     
,ruby glass1 #cc       ,ruby glass1     
value (1 #afj       ,rule ( ?umb1 #aac  
,rules = "w1 #bfd1 #bhf       ,rusk91   
#bjb1 #bee1 #cbe        ,sacr$ness (    
anci5t build+s1 #bde       ,s*ub]t1 #bbc
       ,scrat*-c>d1 #add       ,scrubs1 
#ha       ,sea-we$s1 #bag       ,second 

pa9t+1 #aah1 #abf1 #abg       ,sections1
 h[ to jo9 toge!r 9 fix+1 #aej          
,sections1 l>ge "w made 91 #aej         
,se$1 ev]y?+ gr[n f1 #bia       ,se$ (  
ornam5t1 #bid       ,selvage edge1 to   
te> (f1 #aic       ,s5s1 c5tre = /udy ( 
glass1 #cae       ,sett+ mixture1 #hf   
,%>p5+ diamonds1 #cc       ,si5nese     
pa9t]s1 good "w to copy 9 glass1 #cbb   
,s+le fire1 #abg       ,sket*+ 9 glass1 
#age       ,sold]+1 #add       ,sp>ta1  
revival ( simplicity 91 #bdc            
,special glasses1 #bbg       ,spott+1   
#afc       ,spr+ morn+1 ride on a1 #bad 
,squ>+ outl9es1 #bhf       ,/a91 #abi   
,/a9 x61 #bbe       ,/a9 ov]fir+1 result
 (1 #abi       ,/a9$-glass1 accessory to
 ar*itecture1 #afh       ,/a9$-glass1   
anci5t1 to be held sacr$1 #bde          
,/a9$-glass1 def9ition & description (1 
#bi       ,/a9$-glass1 diap]+1 spott+1 &
 /reak+1 #agi       ,/a9$-glass1 joys (1
 #cjc       ,/a9$-glass1 lov+ & c>eful  
treatm5t (1 #agg       ,/a9$-glass1 new 
developm5ts (1 #acb       ,/a9$-glass1  

prices ( mat]ial1 #aei                  
,/a9$-glass1 subs]vi5t to ar*itecture1  
#aee1 #bcf       ,/a9$-glass v]sus pa9t$
 glass1 #hd       ,/a9+1 #bbe           
,/ale col\r1 dang] (1 #afe       ,/ale  
"w1 disadvantage (1 #aad       ,/&>dis+1
 #aac       ,/5cil bru%1 #aba           
,/epp+ back to inspect "w1 #agf         
,/ev5son1 ,r4 ,l41 #aef       ,/ick1 #fh
       ,/ipple1 #ii1 #aja       ,/ippl+ 
bru%1 #ajj       ,/onework1 relation (  
glass to1 #acd       ,/opp+-knife1 #adb 
,/reaky glass1 imitat+ drap]y1 #bcj     
,/r5g? 9 pa9t+1 limits (1 #abe          
,/ret*+ ! lead1 #acg       ,/yle1 #bcg1 
#bdf       ,subject1 "r limits to       
importance (1 #bdh       ,suffici5t     
fir+1 te/ (1 #aag       ,sug> or treacle
 z sub/itute = gum1 #fb       ,surgeon1 
precision ( a1 #fg       ,symbolism1    
proportion 91 #bfb        ,tab]nacle    
7see ,canopy7       ,tamwor?1 #bcg      
,tapp+1 #da       ,ta/e1 "s pr9ciples (1
 #ib       ,te*nical s*ool1 curriculum  
(1 #cba       ,templates to be v]ifi$1  

#bhi       ,t5nyson1 8 con/ant revision1
 #bga       ,texture ( glass1 use (1    
#abf       ,!seus1 #bfj       ,?\ght1   
imag9ation1 allegory1 #bdh       ,ties =
 b&+1 #aea       ,?rift1 #aeg       ,"t 
sav$ by accuracy & me?od1 #bij          
,"t-sav+ appliances1 #bgg       ,t9n+ ! 
sold]+ iron1 #ade       ,t9ts1 me?od (  
*oos+1 #baj       ,titian1 #agc1 #bjc1  
#bga1 #caf       ,tradition1 #bch1 #bdb 
,troyes1 c5tre = /udy ( glass1 #cae     
,try+ "w 9 situ1 #age       ,turg5ieff1 
prov]b on accuracy1 #bhe       ,turp5t9e
 7,v5ice71 #abi       ,tuscan pa9t]s1   
good "w to copy 9 glass1 #cbb           
,uphol/]y & mill9]y 9 glass1 to avoid1  
#cbd        ,v5us ( ,milo1 #bfj         
,v]onese1 #bjc       ,village *ur*1     
unt\*$1 picture (1 #cje       ,viol5t   
action to be avoid$1 #agc        ,wage (
 lead work]s1 #aei       ,wa/e1         
proportion (1 to f9i%$ "w1 #afb         
,wa/efulness1 ,engli%1 #aef       ,wax1 
be/1 #ie       ,wax1 remov+ spots (1 #ih
       ,wax+-up1 #ie       ,wax+-up1    

tool =1 #ahh       ,wells1 c5tre = /udy 
( glass1 #cad       ,:eel-b>r[1         
comp>ison ) :eel-cutt]1 #ea             
,:eel-cutt]s1 #cd1 #ce1 #dg1 #ec1 #ed1  
#ef       ,:ite1 pure1 value (1 #bbg    
,:ite spaces to be int]e/+1 #agh        
,"w 9 ! %op1 rules =1 #bhf        ,yell[
 & r$ toge!r1 #bah       ,yell[1 c]ta9  
t9ts h>d to obta91 #bag       ,yell[    
/a91 #abi       ,york1 c5tre = /udy (   
glass1 #cad       ,york ,m9/]1 glass 91 
#bcj1 #cjh1 #cac     ,,! ,,end          
,pr9t$ by ,,ballantyne1 ,,hanson  ,,co4 
,ed9burgh  ,london