file which includes the original        
illustrations4       ,see #cajjf-;h4htm 
or #cajjf-;h4zip3                       
7https3_/_/www4gutenberg4org_/cache_/epu
b_/#cajjf_/pg#cajjf-;images4html7       
or                                      
7https3_/_/www4gutenberg4org_/files_/#ca
jjf_/cajjf-;h4zip7         ,images of   
the original pages are available through
       ,internet ,archive_/,american    
,libraries4 ,see                        
http3_/_/www4archive4org_/details_/autho
rsprintingp#jjsauniala   ,transcriber's 
,note        ,obvious typographical     
errors have been corrected4 ,a list of  
corrections is found at the end of the  
text4 ,a number of       words were     
inconsistently spelled or hyphenated4 ,a
 list of       these words is found at  
the end of the text4        ,an         
asterism1 which is not available in the 
character set       used for this book  
is indicated by 994994      ,,the       
,,author',s ,,printing ,,and            
,,publishing ,,assistant4   ,,the       

,,author',s ,,printing ,,and            
,,publishing ,,assistant  ,comprising   
,explanations of the ,process of        
,printing  ,preparation and ,calculation
 of ,manuscripts  ,choice of ,paper1    
,type1 ,binding1 ,illustrations1        
,publishing1 ,advertising1 ,c4  ,with an
 ,exemplification and ,description of   
the ,typographical ,marks ,used in the  
,correction of the ,press        ,london
 ,saunders and ,otley1 ,conduit ,street 
#ahci4  ,w4 ,blatch1 ,printer1 ,grove   
,place1 ,brompton4     ,the object of   
this little ,work is to afford such a   
view of the ,technical details of       
,printing and ,publishing as shall      
enable ,authors to form their own       
judgment on all subjects connected with 
the ,publication of their ,productions4 
,the want of such a little ,manual has  
been repeatedly suggested to the        
,publishers by the frequent enquiries of
 ,authors1 and they trust that the      
information here given will prove       
satisfactory4  ,,conduit ,,street1      

,march #a1 #ahci4     ,,contents4       
,page4    ,process of ,printing1        
#a   ,origin and ,progress of ,printing1
                                   #ab  
,stereotype ,printing1                  
#ba   ,copper ,plate ,printing1         
#be   ,engraving on ,wood1              
#be   ,preparation and ,calculation of  
,manuscript1                         #bf
   ,choice of ,paper1                   
#cj   ,paper ,making1                   
#cj   ,choice of ,type1                 
#cb   ,correcting the ,press1           
#ci   ,typographical ,marks1            
#dj   ,illustrative ,engravings1        
#ej   ,choice of ,binding1              
#ea   ,publishing and ,advertising1     
#ec       ,,the ,,author',s   ,,printing
 ,,and ,,publishing   ,,assistant4   ,as
 it is very desirable that ,authors1 and
 those who may have to give directions  
to the ,printer1 should be acquainted   
with the manner in which ,printing is   
performed1 it may be proper1 in         
commencing this little work1 to give in 

the first place a brief outline of      
,,the ,,process ,,of ,,printing4  ,the  
,printing ,office is divided into two   
branches2 the one entitled the          
,composing1 the other the ,press        
department4  ,the ,composing-room is    
furnished with a number of what are     
called ,cases1#b-99 properly fitted up1 
which are placed before the ,compositor4
 ,the ,compositor then places the       
,manuscript#b- before him1 and taking a 
small iron frame1 or measure1 adapted to
 the purpose1 fixes it by a screw to the
 width which the ,page he is to set up  
is intended to be1 and commences the    
putting it into ,type1 in the following 
manner4 ,supposing the first words of   
the ,manuscript to be ,the ,city of     
,london1 he first selects the ,capital  
,letter ,t1 then the ,lower-,case letter
 h1 and then e1 each from their         
respective compartments2 after this he  
takes what is called a ,space1#b- which 
is used to separate the words from each 
other2 and thus proceeds until he comes 

to a ,stop1 which he selects in like    
manner1 and places next to the last     
letter of the last word4 ,when the frame
 he holds is filled1 he removes the     
,type thus set into a larger1 first to  
form ,pages1 and afterwards1 when       
assembled together1 to form ,sheets4    
,the number of ,pages in each ,sheet is 
determined by the size in which the work
 is to be printed3--if in ,folio1 four  
pages2 if in ,quarto1 eight pages2 if in
 ,octavo1 sixteen2 if in ,duodecimo1    
twenty-four1 c4  ,when a sufficient     
number of ,pages have been set to form a
 ,sheet1 they are what is called        
,imposed1#c-99 and the ,forme is removed
 to the ,press-room1 where the first    
impression1 technically called the first
 ,proof1 is taken off4 ,this ,proof is  
then transferred to the ,reading room1  
where it is carefully compared with the 
original by two persons1 one reading the
 ,manuscript1 and the other the         
,proof-sheet1 marking as he goes on any 
errors which may have occurred in the   

,setting4 ,this first ,proof is then    
given back to the ,compositor1 who has  
the forme again laid on the stone1 and  
having1 as it is called1 unlocked       
it1#d-99 proceeds to make such          
corrections as by the marks on the proof
 he is directed to4  ,when the ,type has
 been made to correspond with the       
,manuscript1 the first ,corrected ,proof
 is struck off1 and transmitted to the  
,author4 ,should the ,author not have   
occasion to make many alterations1 he   
may not think it necessary to require a 
,second ,proof2 in that case he writes  
the word ,press upon it1 and having been
 again carefully read in the ,office1 it
 is then ,printed off3 but should it be 
otherwise1 he writes the word ,revise   
upon it1 and it is again1 when          
corrected1 transmitted to him2 and this 
as often as he may think necessary1     
until he adds the word ,press1 which is 
the order for ,printing off the entire  
number of copies of which the ,edition  
is to consist4  ,thus1 ,sheet by        

,sheet1#e-99 the ,printing is proceeded 
with3 and as soon as one ,sheet has been
 printed off1 the ,type used in that    
,sheet is distributed1#e- to be employed
 in setting up the subsequent parts of  
the work4  ,from what has been said1 it 
will be seen that the principal expense 
in ,printing a work is the setting of   
the ,type1 arising from the fact that   
the many thousand#e- ,letters1 ,spaces1 
,points1 c4 of which it is composed have
 each to be selected1 assembled1 and    
again distributed singly2 in doing which
 the greatest attention and accuracy are
 necessary4  ,for the information of    
,authors not accustomed to ,printing1 it
 may be proper to state that the        
printing of the body of a work is always
 first in order2 the ,title1 ,preface1  
,contents1 c4 being uniformly deferred  
till the completion4#f-99  ,the process 
of ,printing off a work is thus         
conducted4 ,the quantity of ,paper for  
,printing the number of sheets required 
is first laid open4 ,it is then in      

successive portions of six or eight     
sheets dipped into a cistern of clear   
water1 and laid one upon the other2 when
 the whole has been thus immersed1 a    
board of the proper size is placed on   
the top1 and some heavy weights are     
added2 thus the whole becomes properly  
imbued with moisture1 and is fit for    
working4 ,without this1 the paper would 
neither sink into the interstices1 nor  
receive the ink2 besides which1 it would
 be very liable to injure the ,type4    
,when therefore the ,paper has been thus
 prepared1 it is laid on a stand        
adjoining the ,press1 and the process of
 ,printing commences4 ,over the surface 
of the ,type a ,roller#g-99 charged with
 ,printing ,ink is passed2 the ,sheet is
 laid on a frame which falls exactly on 
the forme2 it is then shut down1 rolled 
under the bed of the ,press1 the screw  
is turned which causes the weight to    
descend1 the impression is given1 and   
another turn of the hand delivers the   
,sheet ,printed4  ,it is not surprising 

that so powerful an engine as the ,press
 should have attracted the combined     
attention of the learned and ingenious4 
,gentlemen have devoted much of their   
time to it4 ,among these may be         
mentioned ,horace ,walpole1 who printed 
several of his favorite works at his    
seat1 ,strawberry ,hill2 ,sir ,egerton  
,brydges1 at ,lee ,priory2 and the late 
,earl ,stanhope1 at his family mansion1 
,chevening1 ,kent4 ,to no one1 probably1
 is the present advanced stage of       
,printing more indebted than to the     
last-named nobleman4 ,with a natural    
talent for mechanical invention which no
 difficulty could subdue1 he applied his
 enlightened mind with persevering      
ardour to a variety of useful objects1  
especially to the improvement of        
,printing4 ,the result was not only the 
production of the most complete         
,printing ,press then known1 together   
with a variety of collateral            
improvements1 but the increasing1 if not
 originating1 that impulse which has    

since carried this important branch of  
art so near to perfection4  ,to those   
who are accustomed to ,printing1 and who
 are aware how much its beauty depends  
on what is called the ,press-work1 to   
produce which long practice and great   
manual dexterity are necessary1 it might
 have appeared impossible that any      
,machine could have been invented to    
perform such an operation with any      
degree of precision and success2 yet    
this the continued labour of mechanical 
ingenuity has accomplished4  ,the ,steam
 ,printing ,press is perhaps one of the 
most complete specimens of the          
perfection of mechanical contrivance    
ever afforded4 ,to this the public are  
in a great degree indebted for that     
early and rapid communication of        
intelligence which is now brought down  
almost to the hour of the morning on    
which it is circulated4 ,the ,times     
,newspaper1 which was the first to adopt
 this astonishing invention1 is still   
printed by it with a rapidity which is  

scarcely conceivable4#aj-99 ,an         
inspection of it cannot fail to gratify 
every intelligent observer4 ,its use has
 now become very general4  ,the ,steam  
,press1 however1 is chiefly applicable  
where large numbers1 or great speed are 
required2 for ordinary works1 and fine  
,printing1 the hand ,press is still     
preferred1 and probably ever will be4   
,in a work like the present1 it may not 
perhaps be deemed uninteresting to take 
a brief view of the   ,,origin ,,and    
,,progress ,,of ,,printing4  ,there     
appears to be no reason to doubt that1  
from a very remote period in the history
 of the world1 devices were used for the
 purpose of transmitting to after times 
the records of important events1 but    
these are for the most part more a      
matter of curiosity than of positive    
information4 ,of the ,origin of         
,printing as now practised1 the ,rev4   
,archdeacon ,coxe gives the following   
account in his ,history of the ,house of
 ,austria3--,it took its rise about the 

middle of the fifteenth century1 and in 
the course of a few years reached that  
height of improvement which is scarcely 
surpassed even in the present times4    
,the ,invention was at first rude and   
simple1 consisting of whole pages carved
 on ,blocks of ,wood1#ab-99 and only    
impressed on one side of the leaf3 the  
next step was the formation of moveable 
,types in ,wood1 and they were          
afterwards cut in ,metal1 and finally   
rendered more durable1 regular1 and     
elegant1 by being ,cast1 or ,founded4   
,the consequence of this happy and      
simple discovery was a rapid series of  
improvements in every art and science1  
and a general diffusion of knowledge    
among all orders of society4 ,hitherto  
the tedious1 uncertain1 and expensive   
mode of multiplying books by the hand of
 the ,copyist1 had principally confined 
the treasures of learning to            
,monasteries1#ad-99 or to persons of    
rank and fortune4 ,yet1 even with all   
the advantages of wealth1 ,libraries    

were extremely scarce and scanty2 and   
principally consisted of books of       
devotion and superstition1 legends1 or  
the sophistical disquisitions of the    
schoolmen4 ,an acquaintance with the    
,latin classics was a rare              
qualification1 and the ,greek language  
was almost unknown in ,europe2 but the  
,art of ,printing had scarcely become   
general before it gave a new impulse to 
genius and a new spirit to inquiry4 ,a  
singular concurrence of circumstances   
contributed to multiply the beneficial  
effects derived from this invention1    
among which the most considerable were  
the protection afforded to literature   
and the arts by the ,states of ,italy1  
and the diffusion of ,greek learning by 
the literati who sought an asylum in    
,europe after the capture of            
,constantinople4  ,a controversy has    
arisen concerning the first discoverer  
of the art of ,printing1 between the    
three towns of ,haerlem1 ,mentz1 and    
,strasburg1 each1 from a natural        

partiality1 attributing it to their own 
countryman4 ,the dispute1 however1 has  
turned rather on words than facts2 and  
seems to have arisen from the different 
definitions of the word ,printing4 ,if  
we estimate the discovery from the      
invention of the principle1 the honour  
is unquestionably due to ,laurence      
,coster1 a native of ,haerlem1 who first
 found out the method of impressing     
characters on paper1 by means of carved 
blocks of wood4 ,if moveable types be   
considered as a criterion1 the merit of 
the discovery is due to ,john           
,gutenberg1 of ,mentz2 and ,schoeffer1  
in conjunction with ,faust1 was the     
first who founded ,types of             
,metal4--,coxe1 vol4 i4 p4 #dba4 #hvo4  
,although some attempts have been made  
to support a different statement1 it is 
pretty generally admitted that ,william 
,caxton1 who had lived abroad and       
learned the art there1 was the person   
who introduced ,printing into ,england2 
in this ,stowe1 ,leland1 and others     

agree1 that in the almonry at           
,westminster1 the ,abbot of ,westminster
 erected the first ,press for           
,book-printing that ever was in         
,england1 about the year #adga2 and     
where ,wm4 ,caxton1 ,citizen and        
,mercer1 who first brought it into      
,england1 first practised it4  ,the     
first work printed in ,england was ,the 
,recueil of ,the ,historeys of ,troye1  
of which ,caxton thus speaks3--,thus end
 ,i this book1 c41 and for as moche as  
in wrytyng of the same my penne is worn1
 myne hande wery1 and myne eyen dimmed1 
with overmoche lokyng on the whit       
paper--and that age crepeth on me       
dayly--and also because ,i have promised
 to dyverce gentilmen and to my frendes 
to adresse to them as hastely as ,i     
myght this said book1 therefore ,i have 
practysed and learned at my grete charge
 and dispense to ordayne this sayd book 
in prynte after the manner and forme as 
ye may here see1 and is not wreten with 
penne and ynke1 as other bokes ben1 to  

thende that every man may have them att 
ones2 for all the books of this storye  
named the ,recule of the ,historyes of  
,troyes thus emprynted as ye here see   
were begonne in oon day and also        
finished in oon day1 c4 ,in another     
place he enumerates the works he had    
printed thus3--,when ,i had accomplished
 dyvers workys and historyes translated 
out of ,frenshe into ,englyshe1 at the  
requeste of certayn lords1 ladyes1 and  
gentylmen1 as the ,recule of the        
,historyes of ,troye1 the ,boke of      
,chesse1 the ,historye of ,jason1 the   
,historye of the ,mirrour of the ,world1
 ,i have submysed myself to translate   
into ,english1 the ,legende of ,sayntes1
 called ,legenda ,aurea in ,latyn--and  
,wylyam ,erle of ,arondel desyred       
me--and promysed to take a resonyble    
quantyte of them--sente to me a         
worshipful gentylman--promising that my 
sayd lord should during my lyf give and 
grant to me a yearly fee1 that is to    
note a bucke in sommer1 and a doo in    

wynter1 c4  ,it appears that ,caxton    
continued his employment at             
,westminster1 with considerable success1
 until his death1 which occurred in     
#adia4 ,he seems to have been           
extensively patronised1 and to have been
 a person of great moral worth4 ,he is  
supposed to have lived to beyond the age
 of eighty4  ,wynkyn de ,worde1 who was 
an assistant1 and afterwards succeeded  
,caxton1 was a foreigner1 born in the   
dukedom of ,lorrain4 ,he made great     
improvements1 especially in the form of 
his types4 ,most of his books now       
remaining1 were printed in ,fleet       
,street1 in ,st4 ,bride's ,parish1 at   
the sign of the ,sun4 ,he died in #aecd4
  ,richard ,pynson1 who had been brought
 up under ,caxton1 set up a ,press at   
,temple ,bar1 and was the first who     
obtained the patent of ,king's ,printer2
 he died in #aebi4  ,after this1        
,printing was practised very generally1 
not only in ,london1 but in many other  
places1 especially ,oxford and          

,cambridge1 both which ,universities    
obtained the exclusive right1 which they
 still retain1 of ,printing all ,bibles 
and ,prayer ,books2 that is1 with the   
exception of the person holding the     
patent of ,king's ,printer1 who also has
 this right4  ,the principle of moveable
 ,types having been once introduced1    
little room was left for improvement1   
beyond the slight variations in the form
 of the ,letters1 which1 as a matter of 
taste1 would always be liable to        
fluctuate3 a comparison of works1       
printed at different periods1 will      
exemplify this4  ,an experiment was made
 some years since1 in ,logographic1 or  
,word ,printing2 the ,words of most     
frequent occurrence being cast together1
 instead of setting them up in single   
,letters2 but it does not appear to have
 succeeded1 or to have been generally   
adopted1 though a ,volume1 at least1 was
 printed on this plan1 which the        
,publishers of this little work happen  
to have in their possession4  ,in the   

improvement of the ,printing ,press1 and
 the manufacture of ,printing ,ink1 a   
larger sphere was opened1 inasmuch as to
 the advancement of these1 ,printing    
must be ever indebted for its degrees of
 excellence4  ,printing ,ink is a sort  
of ,black ,varnish1 the making of which 
is still a secret in the hands of the   
manufacturers1 so far as its finer      
qualities are concerned4  ,its          
requisites are1 that it should have a   
sufficient1 and not too great a degree  
of tenacity2 that it should produce a   
perfectly black impression1 and that it 
should dry quickly3 in proportion as the
 ,ink is deficient in these qualities1  
it will be liable to injure the paper1  
or produce specks1 to surround the      
printing with a yellow hue1 from the too
 great preponderance of the oily        
ingredients2 or to soil the paper during
 the subsequent processes4 ,the         
excellence of the ,printing of          
,baskerville was chiefly attributable to
 his discoveries in the art of ,ink     

,making4 ,the late ,mr4 ,bulmer1 also1  
who printed some of the most splendid   
works of the last half century1 was very
 successful in his experiments4 ,the    
manufacture is now in the hands of      
several persons1 who are eminent in this
 art1 and who have made it a distinct   
branch of business4   ,,stereotype      
,,printing1  which is a modern          
improvement1 is a mode of rendering a   
work permanent in ,type1 in the         
following manner4 ,when the ,type has   
been accurately corrected1 the ,pages of
 ,type are properly arranged for the    
purpose1 when a cast is taken of them in
 a ,plaster ,cement1 which becomes hard 
when dry3 into this mould melted ,type  
,metal is poured1 and thus a perfect    
counterpart of the ,type is produced of 
each ,page1 in one solid ,plate4 ,this  
mode was brought into notice by the late
 ,lord ,stanhope4 ,the first attempt to 
render a work thus permanent1 and which 
appears to have been adopted solely with
 the view of preventing error1 was made 

by a ,printer at ,leyden1 about a       
hundred years since4 ,he produced a     
,quarto ,bible1 ,printed from solid     
,pages1 but these were rendered solid by
 soldering together the backs of the    
,types4 ,the present mode is1 of course1
 a great improvement on this2 as instead
 of incurring the heavy expense of so   
large a quantity of moveable ,type1 the 
same result is produced1 and the ,type  
from which the cast is taken remains    
uninjured1 to be used again and again1  
for the same1 or any other purpose4     
,stereotype ,printing is thus a very    
valuable process1 for works not liable  
to alteration1 as ,bibles1 ,school      
,books1 and other works of which large  
numbers are required1 as it would be    
impossible to keep the moveable ,types  
standing for such works1 without a very 
great outlay of ,capital4#bb-99         
,another mode of ,printing1 is that     
called   ,,lithographic ,,printing1  or 
,,printing ,,from ,,stone4 ,this is also
 a recent invention4 ,it was brought    

into ,england about twenty years since4 
,invented by ,m4 ,senefelder1 of        
,munich4 ,it is founded on the          
principles of ,chemical ,affinity4 ,a   
,writing or ,drawing is made on ,stone1 
with an ,ink prepared with a sort of    
unctuous ingredient--to this is applied 
another ,ink of a contrary quality2 the 
,ink with which the ,writing or ,drawing
 is made1 remains on the ,stone1 while  
that with which the ,printing is        
performed1 separates from it1 and is    
thus transferred to the ,paper4 ,this   
method has been brought to very great   
perfection2 so much so1 as to produce   
,prints from ,drawings possessing nearly
 all the beauty and delicacy of         
,copperplate or ,steel ,engravings4 ,it 
is also very useful in multiplying      
,fac-similes1 as it admits of ,printing 
from the hand-writing itself1 when      
written with ,ink prepared for the      
purpose4 ,at ,munich1 ,paris1 and ,st4  
,petersburgh1 this mode of ,printing has
 been adopted in the ,government        

,offices4 ,all ,resolutions1 ,edicts1   
,orders1 c41 agreed to at the ,cabinet  
meetings1 are written down on paper1 by 
the ,secretary1 with ,chemical ,ink1 and
 in the space of an hour1 an ample      
supply of copies is obtained4 ,for      
,circulars1 and in general1 all such    
orders of ,government as must be rapidly
 distributed1 an invention like this is 
of the utmost consequence1 and it is    
probable that eventually it will be     
universally employed4 ,in time of war it
 would prove of the greatest use for the
 general staff of the ,army1 completely 
supplying the want of a field           
,printing-,office1 and especially as it 
admits of greater despatch and secresy4 
,the ,commanding ,officer might write   
his orders with his own hand1 and in his
 presence a number of impressions might 
be taken by a person who could neither  
write nor read4 ,in mercantile          
transactions1 it is very generally      
employed where a quick and accurate     
multiplication of ,price ,lists1        

,letters1 and ,accounts1 is of the      
utmost importance4   ,,copper-,,plate   
,,printing4  ,copper1 or ,steel-plate   
,engravings1 are ,printed by a different
 process4 ,the ,copper1 or ,steel-plate 
,press1 is formed of two ,rollers1 one  
placed over the other1 with only a      
sufficient space between to allow a     
board to pass1 when a strong force is   
applied4 ,the ,plate is then laid on a  
small fire adapted to the purpose1 so as
 to heat it sufficiently to liquify the 
,ink1 and cause it to diffuse itself    
over every part of the ,engraving4 ,it  
is then made perfectly clean1 so as to  
leave no soil on the paper1 except from 
the parts indented4 ,it is then laid on 
the board1 the ,paper spread upon it1   
and a soft cloth being added1 the       
,roller is turned by a ,cross ,lever1   
when the ,print1 with all its varied    
tints1 is immediately produced4         
,,engravings ,,on ,,wood4  ,engravings  
on ,wood1 are usually ,printed with the 
,letter ,press1 for which they are      

peculiarly adapted4  ,the next subject  
which claims attention is the           
,,preparation ,,of ,,the ,,manuscript4  
,when a ,manuscript intended for the    
,press has been written hastily1 has    
many erasures and interlineations1 or is
 otherwise to any extent rendered       
partially1 or perhaps in some cases     
wholly illegible1 the consequence will  
be1 that if given into the hands of the 
,printer in that state1 the ,printing   
will be retarded1 the expense of        
,printing increased1 and much additional
 trouble occasioned to the ,author1 in  
correcting those errors1 7should he     
discover them17 which a clearly written 
,manuscript would have entirely         
prevented4 ,in such cases it would be   
decidedly preferable1 indeed it has been
 found a saving both in time and        
expense1 to have the whole fairly       
copied4 ,in so doing there would besides
 be this additional advantage1--that the
 ,manuscript might be again finally     
revised by the author#bf-99 previously  

to its being put into the ,printer's    
hands2 every correction which can be    
made in the ,manuscript being a measure 
strongly to be recommended in every     
view4#bg-99  ,there is another point of 
which ,authors are frequently not       
aware--the desirableness of their       
,manuscripts being written on one side  
only4 ,the convenience of this is1 that 
any ,remarks1 ,notes1 ,interlineations  
or ,directions to the ,printer1 may be  
inserted on the opposite ,blank ,pages2 
and also that in the process of         
,printing1 it may1 if needful for speed 
or otherwise1 be divided at any given   
point1 without danger of mistake or     
confusion4  ,in all cases it is         
desirable that ,manuscripts intended for
 the press should be written as much as 
possible1 with a tolerable degree of    
uniformity1 each ,page containing about 
the same number of ,lines1 and each     
,line about the same number of ,words4  
,this is certainly not essential1 but it
 will generally be very convenient1 as  

it will at once enable the ,author to   
judge of the probable extent of his     
work1 and the ,printer or ,publisher1   
when the ,manuscript is completed1 to   
decide on the quantity4 ,to write on    
,ruled ,paper is perhaps the most       
effectual mode of accomplishing this4   
,another point to be attended to is1    
that ,manuscripts should always be      
,paged4 ,this will not only shew the    
quantity either in whole1 or in part1   
without the trouble of counting1 but    
will prevent mistake should any portion 
be misplaced4  ,when a ,manuscript1     
therefore1 is about to be written or    
copied for the ,press1 it would be      
desirable to have prepared1 a ,quarto   
,book1 ,ruled1 with a narrow margin1 and
 lines across1 and to have it ,paged    
beforehand1 on the right hand page only1
 on which page only the ,manuscript     
should be written4  ,it is not1 however1
 essential that these points should be  
regarded1 should circumstances not      
permit4 ,in such cases1 if legibility   

can be secured1 other obstacles may be  
surmounted3 there will always1 however1 
be considerable difficulty in           
calculating an irregularly written      
,manuscript4 ,should a ,manuscript be   
closely written1 and insertions be      
necessary1 it will be preferable not to 
interline them1 but write them on a     
separate ,paper1 numbering each1 and    
referring them to the ,pages1 and on the
 ,pages to the ,paper4  ,when a         
,manuscript is about to be sent to the  
,press1 it should be finally and        
carefully read over by the ,author1 who 
should mark any directions he may wish  
attended to in the ,printing1 and with  
his pen make any words plain which may  
happen to be obscure1 by doing which1 he
 will frequently prevent those errors of
 the ,press which often change the sense
 of a passage1 and are liable to escape 
detection4  ,when the ,manuscript has   
thus been prepared1 the next step will  
be the   ,,choice ,,of ,,paper1  that   
is1 to determine on the ,size of the    

,work4 ,this is a question which will   
generally be decided by what is         
customary4 ,if a work of ,fiction1 the  
size will be what is called ,post #hvo4 
,if ,historical or ,scientific1 ,demy   
#hvo4 ,if ,poetry1 ,foolscap1 ,post1 or 
,demy #hvo4 as may be preferred4 ,there 
are1 however1 a variety of other sizes1 
regulated by the number of leaves into  
which the sheet may be folded1 as well  
as by the size of the ,paper adopted1   
which may be more readily seen than     
described4 ,the size and qualities of   
,paper1 are of every variety4   ,,paper 
,,making4  ,the ,manufacture of ,paper1 
as now used1 is not an ,art of very     
ancient date1 probably not earlier than 
the thirteenth century2 but of its      
origin nothing is certainly known4      
,various substances were in ancient     
times employed for writing1 as ,skins1  
,ivory1 ,lead1 c4 ,in ,egypt1 from a    
very remote period1 the inner films     
pressed together of the ,papyrus or     
,biblos1 a sort of ,flag1 or ,bulrush1  

growing in the marshes there4 ,from     
whence the word ,paper is derived4      
,paper is made from ,rags1 the best from
 ,linen ,rags2 thus rendering that which
 had become useless1 an article of      
universal importance1 and permanent     
value4 ,without this indispensable      
material1 ,printing would have been     
deprived of its chief auxiliary2 but    
with it1 and by the present improved    
system of ,manufacture1 the productions 
of the ,press1 and of the ,paper ,mill1 
can be carried to any extent4  ,the     
,process of ,paper ,making is thus      
conducted4 ,the ,rags are first washed2 
then ground in the ,mill with water1 so 
as to form a ,pulp2 this ,pulp is then  
conveyed to a ,vat1 furnished with a    
,mould of fine wire cloth1 which takes  
up a sufficient quantity to form the    
,sheet1 which1 when the water has       
drained from it1 is laid on a pile1 and 
pressed so as to discharge the remaining
 moisture3 it is then hung up to dry1   
after which1 unless it has been sized in

 the ,vat1 which is the case with some  
kinds1 it is dipped into a tub of fine  
size2 and when again dried and pressed1 
is fit for use4  ,one of the greatest   
modern improvements in ,paper making1 is
 ,bleaching the ,rags4 ,this enables the
 ,paper-maker to produce the finest     
,paper from any kind of ,rags4 ,he has  
only1 therefore1 to find such materials 
as will make a ,paper of a strong       
texture1 and a fine even surface1 and by
 the ,bleaching process he can produce  
whatever shade of ,colour he may desire4
  ,a good supply of clear water is of   
the greatest importance in ,paper       
,making4 ,on this account1 ,paper ,mills
 are built on clear streams4  ,by the   
recent improvements in machinery1 ,paper
 can now be made with almost any        
required degree of rapidity4  ,the next 
consideration to the size of the ,paper1
 will be   ,,the ,,choice ,,of ,,type4  
,type is cast of almost every           
conceivable variety4 ,the sizes most in 
use for ,books1 are ,english1 ,pica1    

,small ,pica1 ,long ,primer1 ,bourgeois1
 ,brevier1 ,nonpareil4 ,the following   
are specimens of these various sizes3-- 
7,english47  ,illustration3 ,speaking of
 the art of ,printing1 the late ,earl   
,stanhope observed1 ,i participate in   
the encomiums bestowed by all former    
eulogists on this transcendant art1     
which may justly be considered as the   
nurse and preserver of every species of 
knowledge2 and while ,i look  7,pica47  
,illustration3 into history for an      
examination of the benefit which mankind
 has already derived from it1 ,i feel   
equal1 or even still more pleasure in   
anticipating that which it is yet       
capable of effecting1 when by being     
perfectly unfettered all over the globe1
 it will give rise to1 and promote a    
system of universal education1 and      
7,small ,pica47  ,illustration3 when as 
a certain consequence of that education1
 all societies will direct their        
strenuous efforts towards bringing into 
complete operation1 that divine morality

 which has for its basis this simple1   
but sublime maxim--,do unto another that
 which you would wish another should do 
unto you4 ,printing1 from its           
commencement1 has always had some       
opponents1 actuated from selfish        
interest1 who1 in many  7,long ,primer47
  ,illustration3 cases1 possessed such  
influence over their fellow-men1 as to  
corrupt their judgments and decisions1  
whenever the question of its advantages 
or disadvantages to mankind1 came to be 
agitated4 ,the monks in particular1 were
 its inveterate opposers2 the great     
majority of them acting upon the spirit 
of an avowal made by the ,vicar of      
,croydon1 in a sermon preached by him at
 ,st4 ,paul's ,cross1 when he declared1 
,we must root out printing1 or printing 
will root out us4 ,happily this superior
 art withstood their  7,bourgeois47     
,illustration3 hostility1 and it became 
the main engine by which their          
artifices1 invented to keep the people  
in ignorance and superstition1 were     

detected and punished4 ,though much good
 has already resulted from the use of   
printing1 yet much of what it is capable
 of still remains to be accomplished2   
for its utmost utility is not to be     
looked for while there remains any      
restraint  7,brevier47  ,illustration3  
upon its practice throughout the world4 
,the real ,philanthropist and           
,philosopher1 cannot but view with      
regret the state of persecution under   
which ,printing labours in most of the  
,catholic countries in ,europe1 wherein 
it still remains subject to the control 
of bigotted ecclesiastics1 who feel1 as 
being still applicable to themselves1   
all the force of the declaration of the 
,vicar of ,croydon4 ,if at the present  
day they are not so bold as to attempt  
to annihilate it entirely1 yet they     
watch over the productions of the       
,press1 with such a  7,nonpareil47      
,illustration3 scrutinizing eye1 and    
impose such shackles upon it1 as not to 
permit any thing to be printed1 but what

 has a tendency to uphold the iniquitous
 system of continuing the people in     
ignorance3 even in ,england it cannot be
 disavowed that ,printing has many and  
powerful opponents1 who attack it under 
various pretences2 sometimes upon       
pretended allegations of danger to the  
,state1 sometimes upon general          
allegations of injuring ,society by its 
licentiousness2 and there are some      
persons1 even1 so unblushing as to      
declare their aversion to ,printing1    
upon the ground that it is dangerous to 
give a too extended education to the    
lower classes of the people4  ,it will  
be well to familiarize the eye with     
these different ,sizes of ,type1 which  
may easily be done by a little practice1
 as it will greatly facilitate the      
understanding of the various technical  
details connected with the ,press4      
,next to the ,size of the ,type1 the    
,size of the ,page will have to be      
decided upon4 ,though both these points 
are in a great degree regulated by      

custom1 they are yet in practice        
sufficiently open to variation1 to meet 
the case of each particular ,work4 ,thus
 by the ,size of the ,type1 and ,number 
of ,lines1 a ,work may be either        
expanded1 or compressed1 as may be      
desired4  ,pica is the type usually     
employed in ,printing works of ,history1
 ,biography1 ,travels1 c41 in the ,demy 
octavo size2 ,small ,pica1 in ,novels1  
,romances1 c41 in the ,post octavo size2
 and ,long ,primer1 ,poetry1 in the     
,foolscap octavo size4  ,to take for an 
example1 the ,novel1 or ,romance size4  
,the ordinary ,page employed in ,works  
of this kind1 contains twenty-two       
,lines1 each ,line containing1 on an    
average1 eight ,words4 ,three hundred   
such ,pages are considered the proper   
quantity for an ordinary size ,volume4  
,if a ,manuscript1 therefore1 should    
contain about two hundred ,pages1 each  
,page containing about thirty-three     
,lines of eight ,words1 it would occupy 
about three hundred ,pages in ,print4   

,should the ,manuscript1 however1       
contain but one hundred and eighty such 
,pages1 then in order to form three     
hundred ,printed ,pages1 each ,page     
would have to consist of but twenty1    
instead of twenty-two ,lines4  ,on the  
above principle1 it will not be         
difficult for an ,author to form a      
tolerably correct idea of the extent of 
a ,work--that is1 sufficiently so for   
all general purposes2 and the comparison
 may be extended to any ,work of any    
kind thus--having first selected a ,work
 in ,print1 which it is desired that in 
,manuscript should resemble1 the ,number
 of ,words in a ,line1 and of ,lines in 
a ,page of each1 being ascertained1 if  
the disparity between them shall be in  
any specific ratio1 as in the instance  
above1 a ,page of ,manuscript being     
equal to a ,page and a half of ,print1  
the result will be immediately apparent2
 but should it be otherwise1 a different
 process may be necessary3 should the   
,manuscript contain but twenty-five1    

instead of thirty ,lines1 then the most 
direct mode of ,calculation would be to 
take the three ,lines per ,page1 by     
which the ,manuscript would exceed the  
,print1 and multiply the ,manuscript    
,pages by three--this would give six    
hundred2 these six hundred lines divided
 by twenty-two1 the number of ,lines in 
the ,printed ,page1 give twenty-seven   
and a fraction2 the whole would         
therefore1 on this supposition1 make    
about two hundred and twenty-seven      
,printed ,pages1 of twenty-two ,lines   
each4 ,there are1 however1 other        
circumstances which may affect such     
,calculations--as the ,breaks in        
,chapters1 ,paragraphs1 ,conversations1 
c41 where the ,work may have been       
written in ,manuscript continuously4    
,these points would1 where desired1 be  
best ascertained by having a number of  
,pages set up1 and by then comparing    
them in the aggregate with the          
,manuscript4  ,the next point in order1 
will be   ,,correcting ,,the ,,press2   

and this should invariably1 when        
possible1 be done by the ,author2 no one
 can so thoroughly enter into the train 
of thought and expression1 and to no one
 could the disturbance of either prove  
so annoying3 where this cannot be done1 
and the task must be deputed1 the       
,manuscript should1 in all cases1 be    
considered the ,authority1 and no       
departure be made from it1 except as may
 have been directed1 or in extreme      
cases4  ,corrections of the ,press      
should be marked clearly2 and this can  
never be done so satisfactorily1 both to
 the ,corrector and ,printer1 as by     
employing those ,typographical ,marks1  
which1 from having been universally     
adopted1 are1 in consequence1 understood
 by all persons connected with the      
,press4--,the following ,pages will     
exemplify these3 ,first1 the ,proof     
corrected2 ,secondly1 the ,proof        
,revised4  ,proof ,corrected4           
,illustration3 ,this page is a specimen 
of ,lithographic ,printing4 ,the        

impression from the ,type being first   
taken on ,paper1 in ,lithographic ,ink1 
the ,corrections then added with the    
,pen1 and the whole transferred to the  
,stone from which the ,page is printed4 
,proof ,revised4  ,illustration3 ,in all
 the more celebrated nations of the     
ancient world1 we find established those
 twin elements of belief1 by which      
religion harmonizes and directs the     
social relations of life1 viz4 a faith  
in a future state1 and in the providence
 of ,superior ,powers1 who1 surveying as
 ,judges the affairs of earth1 punish   
the wicked1 and reward the good4  ,it   
has been plausibly conjectured1 that the
 fables of ,elysium1 the slow ,cocytus1 
and the gloomy ,hades1 were either      
invented or allegorized from the names  
of ,egyptian places4 ,diodorus assures  
us that by the vast catacombs of ,egypt1
 the dismal mansions of the dead--were  
the temple and stream1 both called      
,cocytus1 the foul canal of ,acheron1   
and the ,elysian plains2 and according  

to the same equivocal authority1 the    
body of the dead was wafted across the  
waters by a pilot1 termed ,charon in the
 ,egyptian tongue4 ,but previous to the 
embarkation1 appointed judges on the    
,,margin of the ,,acheron listened to   
whatever accusations were preferred by  
the living against the deceased2 and if 
convinced of his mis-deeds1 deprived him
 of the rights of ,sepulture4--,athens1 
by ,sir ,lytton ,bulwer1 vol4 i4 p4 #eb4
  ,explanation of the ,typographical    
,marks4  ,no4 #a1 is used to correct a  
wrong letter1 drawing a line down       
through it1 and placing the right letter
 before a corresponding stroke in the   
margin2 a wrong word is corrected by    
drawing a line across it1 as in ,no4 #b1
 and writing the proper word in the     
margin4  ,where any thing has been      
omitted1 or is wished to be inserted1 a 
,caret is marked at the place where it  
is to come in1 and the word or words    
written in the margin1 putting          
underneath an answering ,caret4  ,where 

a space is wanting between two words or 
letters that are intended to be         
separated1 a parallel line must be drawn
 where the separation ought to be1 and  
the mark ,no4 #d placed opposite in the 
margin4 ,also where words or letters    
should join1 but are separated1 the     
circumflex ,no4 #e1 must be placed under
 the separation1 and the same mark be   
made in the margin4  ,when letters or   
words are set double1 and are required  
to be taken out1 a line is drawn through
 the superfluous word or letter1 and the
 mark ,no4 #f1 which is the letter d1 an
 abbreviation of dele 7expunge or erase7
 must be placed in the margin4  ,a      
turned letter1 or one placed the wrong  
way upward1 is noticed by making a dash 
under it1 and placing the mark ,no4 #g1 
in the margin4  ,where a black mark is  
seen in any part of the line1 which is  
occasioned by a space standing up1 it is
 noticed by making a dash under it1 and 
placing the mark1 ,no4 #h1 in the       
margin4  ,where two words are           

transposed1 the word placed wrong1      
should be encircled1 and the mark #i1   
7tr4 an abridgement of transpose17 be   
placed in the margin2 but where several 
words are to be transposed1 that which  
is intended to come first should have   
the figure #a placed over it1 that      
second #b1 and so on1 the mark 7tr47    
being also placed opposite in the       
margin4  ,where a new paragraph is      
required1 a crotchet should be made at  
the place where the new paragraph should
 begin1 and a similar mark 7,no4 #aj47  
be placed in the margin4 ,where a new   
paragraph should not have been made1 a  
line should be drawn from the last word 
of the previous paragraph1 and in the   
margin should be written1 ,no break4    
,where several lines or words are to be 
introduced1 they should be written at   
the bottom of the page1 and at the place
 where they are to come in1 a ,caret    
should be made1 from which a line should
 be drawn to the first word of the      
passage to be inserted4  ,if a word1 or 

words1 are required to be in ,capitals1 
,small ,capitals or ,italic1 such word  
or words should be underlined--for      
,capitals with three lines2 for ,small  
,capitals1 with two2 for ,italic1 with  
one2 writing opposite in the margin1    
,caps41 ,small ,caps41 or ,ital4  ,if   
they should be required to be altered   
back1 a line should be drawn under the  
,italic1 and the word ,roman1 and under 
the ,capitals or ,small ,capitals1 and  
the words ,lower-case1 written in the   
margin4  ,where words have been         
erroneously struck out1 or are otherwise
 wished to remain1 dots should be placed
 under them1 and the word ,stet 7let it 
stand or remain7 written in the margin4 
,where the ,punctuation requires to be  
altered1 the ,semicolon1 ,colon1 or     
,period1 should be marked and encircled 
in the margin1 a line being drawn at the
 word at which either is to be placed1  
as in ,no4 #ae4--af describes the manner
 in which the hyphen and ellipsis line  
are marked2 and #ag1 that in which the  

,apostrophe1 ,inverted ,comma1 the      
,star1 and other ,references1 and       
,superior ,letters1 and ,figures1 are   
marked for insertion4 ,notes1 if added1 
should have the word ,note1 with a      
,star1 and a corresponding ,star at the 
word to which they are referred4  ,where
 letters or lines are altered1 they are 
noticed by drawing lines before and     
after them1 as in ,no4 #ah4  ,a little  
practice will soon render the use of    
these ,marks familiar4  ,it has been    
before observed1 that ,correcting the   
,press1 so far as the ,printers are     
concerned1 is an extremely troublesome1 
and to them1 the most unpleasant part of
 their business4 ,it occupies much more 
time than could be supposed1 and        
consequently occasions an ,expense which
 the mere alteration of a few ,words in 
a ,page would perhaps scarcely be       
thought sufficient to justify4 ,but when
 it is considered that every alteration 
disturbs the whole adjoining mass of    
,type1 and may do so to the end of the  

,page1 or several ,pages1 it will be    
less difficult to perceive the reason of
 the well ascertained fact1 that        
,printers always greatly prefer being   
employed in the ,setting1 rather than in
 the ,correcting department of their    
office4  ,it is not uncommon for        
,authors1 unaware of these              
circumstances1 to deliver their         
,manuscript for the ,press1 in a very   
unfinished state2 and in some instances1
 as if they actually considered that    
they could not satisfactorily ,correct  
their ,work1 until they saw it in       
,print--an error which it would probably
 only require them to combat to         
overcome3 it should1 however1 in all    
such cases1 be distinctly understood1   
that the ,expenses of ,correcting will1 
if considerable1 unavoidably enhance    
that of the ,printing1 and this in a    
ratio that would very naturally surprise
 those unacquainted with the subject4   
,all errors which are not in the        
,manuscript1 are considered as errors of

 the ,press2 the correction of which    
devolves on the ,printer4 ,indeed1 no   
proof should be submitted to the        
,author1 until these have been made3 a  
careful ,reader in the ,printing ,office
 will also sometimes draw the ,author's 
attention to some ,word or ,sentence1   
which appears to be susceptible of      
improvement1 and which might otherwise  
have passed unnoticed2 this is1 however1
 not always done1 unless requested4  ,in
 ,correcting a ,proof1 for the reasons  
already given1 as few alterations as    
possible should be made2 when these are1
 however1 unavoidable1 it would be      
advisable to observe this ,rule1        
namely--always if possible1 to insert in
 a ,line or ,page1 as much as is taken  
out1 or vice vers2 this is in a great   
majority of instances very practicable2 
and the advantage of it is1 that it will
 avoid what is technically called       
,overrunning4 ,this will1 perhaps1 be   
best explained by referring to the      
,corrected ,proof 7p4 #dj7 in the #crd  

line of which1 it will be seen that the 
word for is marked out1 and the word of 
inserted in its stead2 which1 it will be
 perceived by the opposite ,revised     
,page1 has occasioned no alteration     
beyond the line2 but at line #ag there  
is an insertion marked without an       
omission2 which would have rendered it  
necessary to carry as many lines as were
 inserted to the next ,page1 if the     
,page had been previously filled up in  
the usual way4 ,this is called          
,overrunning1 and often requires that   
each subsequent ,page should be altered 
to the end of a ,chapter1 or if the work
 is continuous1 to the end of all that  
has at that time been set in ,type4     
,there is also another point to be      
observed2 which is1 that where ,revises 
are considered necessary1 as few as     
possible should be required1 each       
,revise requiring the repetition of the 
process already described in striking   
off a ,proof1 and which will not only   
occasion additional ,expense1 but will  

also frequently cause considerable delay
 in the progress of the ,work4          
,generally speaking1 if the ,corrections
 are clearly marked1 and not very       
numerous1 the final ,revision may be    
safely entrusted to the care of a       
skilful ,printer4 ,if any error should  
escape the notice of the ,author1 or    
,corrector1 and be ,printed off1 it may 
be corrected by ,re-printing the leaf in
 which it occurs1 which is called a     
,cancel4 ,this is1 however1 seldom      
necessary1 when the error is clearly    
typographical4  ,it is frequently a     
convenience to the ,author to have two  
proofs of each sheet1 one to be returned
 corrected1 the other to be retained for
 reference4  ,it is not1 perhaps1       
generally known1 that ,works ,printed in
 ,london may be corrected by ,authors   
residing at any distance1 the ,proof    
,sheets passing and re-passing through  
the ,post ,office at ,single ,postage1  
provided they are not cut1 and that the 
direction is ,written upon the ,sheet4  

,an ,envelope would occasion ,double    
,postage4 ,it is usual also to add the  
words ,proof ,sheet in the corner4  ,the
 various kinds of   ,,illustrative      
,,engravings  have already been slightly
 referred to4 ,they are of three kinds3 
,engravings on ,steel1#ej-99 or ,copper2
 ,lithographic ,drawings1 or ,prints    
from ,stone2 and ,engravings on ,wood4  
,the first two are ,printed             
independently of the ,work2 the latter  
in connection with it2 either           
incorporated with the ,text1 or         
otherwise1 as may be desired4 ,each of  
these modes may be employed with        
advantage1 where ,embellishment is      
intended1 or information beyond that    
which description is adapted to convey4 
,coloured ,engravings are also          
frequently employed in such cases4      
,next to the ,printing a ,work1 is the  
,,choice ,,of ,,binding4  ,until a very 
recent period1 ,binding was of two kinds
 only--that in ,paper and that in       
,leather4 ,the former1 called ,boarding1

 being used for ,books when first       
,published1 or when purchased for use in
 that state2 the latter for ,books when 
read1 or intended to form a permanent   
part of a ,library4 ,binding in ,leather
 has been carried to very great         
perfection2 and1 according to the skill 
employed1 is susceptible of the most    
varied and tasteful embellishment4 ,the 
,titles of ,books in ,boards are affixed
 by printed ,labels--those of such as   
are bound in ,leather in ,letters worked
 in ,gold4 ,these latter are produced by
 laying a leaf of ,gold on the ,leather1
 and stamping each ,letter singly1 a    
process requiring great skill and       
labour4  ,recently a new mode has been  
introduced1 called ,cloth ,binding4     
,this is done by covering the ,book with
 ,cloth2 and1 by means of a strong      
pressure1 ,stamping it with some        
,ornamental ,device ,engraved for the   
purpose1 and which is called ,embossing4
 ,there is in this new method also      
another improvement--that of ,lettering 

the back in ,gold at one operation1     
which is thus effected3--instead of the 
mode employed in ,leather ,binding1 of  
impressing each ,letter singly on the   
,gold1 the whole of the ,lettering is   
cut on a solid piece of brass1 and in   
this form impressed on the back at once4
 ,this is not only a great saving in    
time and labour1 but admits also of much
 tasteful ornament in emblematical and  
other fanciful devices1 which produce a 
very pleasing effect at a comparatively 
trifling cost4  ,this latter process1   
now very generally adopted1 and of which
 the ,binding of this little ,work1     
presents a ,specimen1 is applicable to  
almost all works of ,science1 ,history1 
,biography1 ,travels1 c41 and not only  
gives to them a very superior appearance
 when first ,published1 but also1 from  
their close imitation of ,leather       
,binding1 renders them fit to be placed 
at once in the ,library4 ,this mode of  
,binding does not1 however1 possess much
 durability1 as it differs only in the  

exterior from the former                
,boarding--still1 until a ,book is      
,bound in ,leather1 it certainly forms a
 very agreeable substitute4  ,cloth     
,binding1 general as its use has become1
 has not1 however1 been adopted for     
,novels1 which are still usually        
published in ,boards4 ,for ,annuals1 and
 other ,embellished ,works1 as well as  
many of those of a smaller size1 this   
mode has been justly and generally      
preferred4   ,,publishing ,,and         
,,advertising4  ,publishing1 though the 
last step in order1 is undoubtedly one  
of the first in importance to most      
,works issuing from the ,press4 ,there  
may perhaps be some few exceptions1 but1
 generally1 their success must in a     
great degree be influenced by the mode  
and means adopted for their             
,publication4 ,not that it can be       
supposed that all ,works can alike      
succeed2 but that many fail in obtaining
 that degree of attention which they    
might otherwise have received owing to  

some circumstances attending the means  
adopted in the final step of            
,publication4  ,london is undoubtedly   
the great emporium for ,literary ,works1
 as for almost every other species of   
,production4 ,even ,printers in the     
country are so well aware of this1 that 
they rarely fail to obtain the          
co-operation of a ,london ,publisher in 
bringing out any ,works in which they   
may venture to engage2 though ,works    
thus ,published labour under the        
disadvantage naturally arising from     
their not being entirely under the      
management of the ,london ,publisher4   
,there are other reasons which render   
,london#ed-99 the peculiar1 and it might
 be said almost the exclusive channel   
for ,publication4 ,in it all the        
branches of the ,periodical ,press are  
conducted2 ,daily1 ,weekly1 ,monthly1   
and ,quarterly1 the various avenues to  
the public1 not only in this vast city1 
but in every part of the empire1 and of 
the world1 are here open1 and           

consequently all the vehicles for       
,announcements1 ,advertisements1 and    
,criticisms1 are here only accessible4  
,add to this that from ,london every    
species of literary production is       
constantly despatched to every part of  
the empire and of the world1 and it will
 then be seen how small a probability   
there can be that any work not          
,published in ,london can obtain even   
the most moderate share of general      
attention4  ,london ,publishers are of  
two classes3 those who reside at the    
,west ,end of the ,town1 and who confine
 their attention to ,publishing only2   
and those who reside in the ,city1 and  
who are also engaged in ,wholesale      
,bookselling4 ,wholesale ,booksellers   
generally devote their especial         
attention to the supply of the ,retail  
,trade both in ,town and ,country4 ,some
 make no further arrangements for       
,publishing than simply to supply1 when 
applied for1 such ,works as their       
,country ,correspondents1 who are       

,printers1 may have transmitted to them 
for that purpose2 while others are      
,publishers to a considerable extent of 
what are called ,standard ,works--,works
 on ,education1 ,science1 c41 and such  
as are in regular and constant demand4  
,to these1 therefore1 the attention of  
the ,city ,booksellers is very generally
 directed2 while that of the ,publishers
 at the ,west ,end of the ,town is      
almost entirely devoted to what may be  
called the ,literature of the           
,day--,works of ,amusement and light    
reading1 ,travels1 ,memoirs1 ,novels1   
,tales1 ,poems1 and other productions of
 a similar character4  ,this distinction
 of the two ,classes of ,publishers     
arises therefore1 in the first place1   
from the nature of their avocations1 and
 in the second from their peculiar      
,locality2 the one having their         
,establishments in the centre of resort1
 for those who are engaged in ,trade and
 ,business2 the other in that of        
,fashion and ,amusement2 so that there  

is not only a convenience but propriety 
in the arrangement that custom has      
established1 that works of what may be  
called ,current ,literature should be   
,published at the ,west ,end of the     
,town1 while those more immediately     
connected with the ,business of ,life   
should appear in the ,city4  ,it is     
generally understood that the name of an
 ,established ,publisher operates not   
only as a ,recommendation to those      
,works to which it is ,prefixed1 but    
also tends to make them known through   
,extensive ,connexions already formed4  
,it also tends to associate them with   
other ,popular ,works issuing from the  
same ,establishment4  ,there are three  
modes of ,publishing--that in which a   
,work is ,published entirely for1 and at
 the expense of the ,author1 who thus   
retains the ,property of the ,work2 that
 in which the ,publisher takes all or   
part of the risk1 and divides the       
profit2 and that in which the ,publisher
 purchases the ,copyright1 and thus     

secures to himself the entire proceeds4 
,the ,first of these is the basis on    
which many ,first ,productions are      
,published2 the ,second1 where a certain
 demand can be calculated upon2 and the 
,third1 where an ,author has become so  
popular as to ensure an extensive       
circulation4  ,the first step that      
should be taken by an ,author intending 
to produce a ,work should be to take the
 opinion of an experienced ,publisher1  
by doing which not only much unnecessary
 trouble may be spared1 but frequently  
much unavailable labour and even        
expense4 ,it is not at all uncommon for 
,authors1 in the course of their        
reading1 to become so impressed with    
some favourite subject as to conclude   
that it must prove of the same interest 
to others1 and under this impression    
proceed to bestow considerable labour   
upon it4 ,had they1 however1 taken the  
course here recommended1 they would     
probably have learned either that there 
was already some very similar ,work1 or 

that the production proposed would not1 
from some cause known perhaps only to   
the ,publisher1 be at all likely to meet
 with the success anticipated4 ,these   
are circumstances of constant           
occurrence1 which the ,publishers of    
this little ,work have had frequent     
opportunities of knowing4  ,generally   
speaking1 ,publishers are the most      
competent advisers on all subjects      
connected with their peculiar           
avocations1 having constantly before    
them the best means of judging1 and     
being naturally interested in the       
success of the ,works in which they     
engage4 ,authors cannot therefore adopt 
a more judicious course than to commit  
the entire management of their          
,productions to their care4  ,many      
,authors1 after having written their    
,works1 consign them to oblivion1 from  
,publishers declining1 often in         
consequence of their own peculiar       
engagements1 to undertake their         
,publication4 ,this may be avoided by   

the ,plan now adopted of ,publishing for
 ,authors1 and which is more            
particularly referred to in a subsequent
 page4  ,advertising1 as an essential   
part of ,publication1 should never be   
lost sight of2 but it is a measure which
 should be judiciously regulated and    
cautiously pursued1 or a large amount of
 expense may be incurred to very little 
purpose4  ,another point to be attended 
to1 is the placing in the proper        
channels ,copies for ,review4 ,this is a
 very advisable measure1 as without it  
many of the ,works issuing from the     
,press would not be likely to meet the  
eye of those engaged in the announcement
 of ,new ,works4  ,where ,authors may   
desire to ,print only a limited number  
of ,copies for the use of their friends1
 this may easily be accomplished without
 the least personal inconvenience1      
through the intervention of the         
,publishers4  ,should further           
information on any of the foregoing     
subjects be desired1 the ,publishers    

will have great pleasure in affording it
 on application personally1 or by       
letter4   ,,footnotes3  ,footnote #b-993
 ,shallow frames of wood1 divided into  
as many compartments as there are       
,letters1 ,capital1 ,small ,capital1 and
 ordinary 7called ,lower-,case71        
together with ,italic1 and the different
 ,stops1 ,marks1 and other ,points      
employed for reference1 quotations1 c4  
,footnote #b-3 ,technically called      
,copy4  ,footnote #b-3 ,a blank piece of
 ,type metal1 or one without a ,letter1 
of which there are various kinds2 used  
also to separate the lines from each    
other1 according as the pages may be2   
whether full1 having the lines close    
together1 or light1 with a greater      
distance between them4  ,footnote #c-993
 ,this is done by placing the several   
pages at proper distances on a large    
stone1 fixed on a strongly constructed  
table2 each ,page being surrounded by   
blocks of wood prepared for the purpose1
 and when firmly wedged together in an  

iron frame are ready for the press1 and 
are then called a ,forme4  ,footnote    
#d-993 ,driven back the wedges by which 
the ,type is compressed and held firmly 
together within the iron frame1 in order
 to allow of his separating any part of 
the ,pages which may be necessary4      
,footnote #e-993 ,it is desirable to    
observe this1 as it has sometimes been  
supposed that the ,proof-sheets of an   
entire work may be furnished at once4   
,this it will be seen could not be1 in a
 work of any extent2 as the quantity of 
,type required for each sheet renders it
 necessary that the type should be      
liberated as speedily as convenient1 in 
order to facilitate the progress and    
completion of the ,printing4  ,footnote 
#e-3 ,taken asunder1 and every ,letter1 
,space1 ,point1 c4 restored to its      
allotted compartment in the ,type ,case4
  ,footnote #e-3 ,the cost of ,setting  
the ,type is regulated by the ,thousand1
 which will explain why a full page or a
 smaller type is more expensive than a  

light or a larger4  ,footnote #f-993    
,from the labour required in setting the
 ,type1 it will be easily conceived that
 ,printing must necessarily be a rather 
slow process3 it is so generally1 three 
or four sheets per week being usually   
considered tolerably good speed1        
allowing for the unavoidable impediments
 occasioned by the transmitting and     
correcting of ,proofs1 c4 ,on urgent    
occasions1 however1 much greater        
progress may be made1 which is          
accomplished by dividing the ,manuscript
 among a greater number of hands4 ,the  
publishers of this little work have had 
a volume printed in the astonishingly   
short space of three days4 ,it was a    
work by ,sir ,lytton ,bulwer1 and the   
effort was rendered necessary in        
consequence of the arrangements made for
 the ,foreign ,editions4 ,nearly one    
hundred workmen were employed in        
effecting it4  ,footnote #g-993 ,the    
,roller is a modern improvement4        
,formerly1 the ,inking process was      

performed with two large ,balls1 filled 
with wool1 and covered with a sort of   
parchment4 ,the ,roller is a great      
improvement1 diffusing the ,ink more    
equally and producing a much greater    
uniformity of colour 7as it is called7  
in the ,printing4  ,footnote #aj-993    
,the ,newspaper ,press affords a        
remarkable instance of the surprising   
effect of combined and persevering      
effort4 ,few persons1 perhaps1 among    
those who are accustomed to receive the 
,daily ,papers1 are aware of the vast   
amount of cost and labour constantly    
employed in their production4 ,to take  
for an instance the ,times ,newspaper4  
,to accumulate the various articles of  
intelligence which are there collected1 
persons are constantly and assiduously  
employed in all directions1 both at home
 and abroad4 ,for the ,foreign          
department1 gentlemen1 men of education 
and address1 especially fitted for their
 office1 resident in the various foreign
 capitals1 and who regularly transmit   

7when necessary1 by express7 the        
earliest accounts of important          
occurrences1 so effectually indeed as   
sometimes even to precede the government
 couriers2 so that during the late war1 
events of the highest importance were   
first promulgated through the columns of
 this paper4--,for the daily occurrences
 of the metropolis and its environs1    
others1 devoted to this particular      
office4 ,for the political circles1 the 
,courts of ,law1 ,police ,offices1      
,accidents1 ,offences1 c41 others2--and 
for the two ,houses of ,parliament1     
expert and expeditious short-hand       
writers2 all of whom are continually    
engaged in transmitting their various   
reports to the office with the most     
persevering activity1 to be there       
arranged1 condensed1 and fitted to their
 respective columns1 by the sub-editors 
and those employed in what is called    
making up the ,paper2 while the         
,editor's attention is more especially  
engaged in watching the progress of     

events1 and in furnishing on the moment 
those remarks which are to be found in  
what is called the ,leading ,article4   
,thus the whole is in one day           
communicated1 arranged1 and printed2 and
 by the same evening's post transmitted 
to the most distant parts of the        
,empire2 a result which may well strike 
those who enter into the contemplation  
of the vast expenditure of effort and   
capital which are constantly employed   
for the purpose1 with astonishment4  ,in
 the completion of their ,steam         
,printing ,press alone1 the ,proprietors
 are said to have expended upwards of   
sixty thousand pounds4 ,the daily sale  
of the paper is understood to be about  
ten thousand copies2 and these1 by means
 of the ,steam ,press1 are printed off  
in the almost incredibly short space of 
about two hours and a half4  ,footnote  
#ab-993 ,something like this is the plan
 originally invented and still practised
 in ,china4 ,the work intended to be    
printed is transcribed by a careful     

,writer upon thin transparent ,paper4   
,the ,engraver glues this with its face 
downwards upon a smooth tablet of ,pear 
or ,apple tree1 or some other hard wood2
 and then with ,gravers and other       
instruments1 he cuts the wood away in   
all those parts upon which he finds     
nothing traced1 thus leaving the        
transcribed characters ,embossed and    
ready for ,printing4 ,in this manner he 
prepares as many ,blocks as there are   
written ,pages4 ,in printing they do not
 as in ,europe use a ,press2 the        
delicate nature of their ,paper would   
not admit of it2 when once1 however1    
their ,blocks are engraved1 the ,paper  
is cut1 and the ,ink is ready1 one man1 
says ,du ,halde1 with his brush1 can    
without fatigue print ten thousand      
sheets in a day4 ,the ,block is ,inked  
with one ,brush1 and with another the   
,paper is rubbed down upon it so as to  
take the ,impression4 ,in this way the  
,printer can travel with his ,ink and   
his ,blocks1 and from place to place    

take off as many copies as he may find  
occasion for4 ,according to ,chinese    
chronology1 this art was discovered in  
,china about fifty years before the     
,christian era4 ,it seems to be         
especially adapted to their language1 in
 which are employed such a vast variety 
of characters4  ,footnote #ad-993       
,before the invention of this divine    
art1 mankind were absorbed in the       
grossest ignorance1 and oppressed under 
the most abject despotism of tyranny4   
,the clergy1 who before this era held   
the key of all the learning in ,europe1 
were themselves ignorant1 proud1        
presumptuous1 arrogant1 and artful2     
their devices were soon detected through
 the invention of typography4 ,many of  
them1 as it may naturally be imagined1  
were very averse to the progress of this
 invention1 as well as the brief-men1 or
 writers1 who lived by their manuscripts
 for the laity4 ,they went so far as to 
attribute this blessed invention to the 
devil1 and some of them warned their    

hearers from using such diabolical      
books4--,lemoine4  ,footnote #bb-993    
,mr4 ,lodge's ,peerage is perhaps the   
only instance in which a whole work1 of 
that magnitude1 has been kept standing  
in ,type4 ,this has been done for two   
reasons2 first1 because of the great    
expense of setting the ,type afresh for 
each ,edition2 and secondly1 that by    
being thus kept standing1 it may be     
rendered constantly and uniformly       
correct1 a point of the greatest        
importance in a work containing so large
 a mass of family history1 the value of 
which so much depends on the accuracy of
 names and dates4  ,footnote #bf-993    
,the ,rev4 ,dr4 ,macknight1 who         
translated anew the ,apostolic          
,epistles1 is said to have copied over  
with his own hand that laborious and    
valuable work five times1 previously to 
his committing it to the ,press4        
,footnote #bg-993 ,the ,publishers of   
this little work have frequently had    
,works committed to their care for      

,publication1 on which the charge for   
,correcting has almost equalled that of 
the ,setting of the ,type1 occasioned in
 a great degree by a want of attention  
to the points above referred to4        
,footnote #ej-993 ,engraving on ,steel  
is a modern and highly important        
improvement4 ,previously1 elaborate     
,engravings on ,copper would lose their 
delicate tints after ,printing a few    
hundred copies1 but from ,steel many    
thousand impressions may be taken       
without the slightest perceptible       
difference between the first and the    
last4 ,to this is chiefly attributable  
the present very moderate price of      
beautifully ,embellished ,works1 the use
 of ,steel instead of ,copper rendering 
it no longer necessary to ,re-,engrave  
the ,plates4  ,footnote #ed-993 ,this is
 of course not to be understood as      
applying to ,edinburgh and ,dublin1 both
 of which have their respective local   
circles1 though for their ,english      
circulation they depend chiefly on      

,london4     ,,publication ,,of ,,works 
,,for ,,authors4  ,having been for many 
years engaged in conducting an extensive
 ,publishing ,business comprising the   
productions of the most ,popular        
,writers1 the ,publishers of this little
 ,work beg leave respectfully to state  
that they have1 in consequence of       
repeated applications1 now devoted a    
branch of their ,establishment to       
conducting the   ,,publication ,,of     
,,works ,,for ,,authors1  securing to   
them the direction and controul1 as well
 as the entire proceeds and property of 
their ,publications4  ,estimates of the 
,cost of large or small ,editions1      
including ,paper1 ,printing1 c41 will be
 given on application personally1 or by 
,letter addressed to ,messrs4 ,,saunders
 and ,,otley1 ,publishers1 ,conduit     
,street1 ,hanover ,square1 ,london4     
,,published ,,by   ,,messrs4 ,,saunders 
,,and ,,otley4   ,,conduit ,,street1    
,,hanover ,,square1   ,,london1  ,,on   
,,the ,,first ,,of ,,every ,,month4     

,,the ,,metropolitan ,,magazine1  ,a    
,monthly ,journal  ,,of  ,,literature1  
,,science1  ,,the ,,fine ,,arts4   ,,the
 ,,metropolitan was commenced in #ahca1 
,edited by ,,thomas ,,campbell1 ,esq41  
,author of ,the ,pleasures of ,hope2    
afterwards assisted by ,,thomas ,,moore1
 ,esq41 ,author of ,lalla ,rookh1 c42   
and subsequently by ,,captain ,,marryat1
 ,r4,n41 ,author of ,newton ,forster1   
,the ,king's ,own1 ,peter ,simple1 c4   
,in its pages have appeared all the     
,popular ,novels of ,captain ,marryat1  
as well as many productions of the first
 writers of the day1 among whom may be  
mentioned ,,james ,,montgomery1 ,esq41  
,author of ,the ,world before the       
,flood1 whose valuable ,lectures on     
,general ,literature are to be found in 
its pages only4 ,tales by ,,captain     
,,chamier1 ,articles in ,prose and      
,verse by ,,thomas ,,campbell1 ,esq41   
and ,,thomas ,,moore1 ,esq41 ,papers by 
,sir ,,charles and ,lady ,,morgan1 ,,ugo
 ,,foscolo1 ,lady ,,clarke1 the ,,author

 of the ,kuzzilbash1 ,,william          
,,sotheby1 ,esq41 and a great number of 
other distinguished writers1 comprising 
a vast variety of ,,original ,,articles1
 ,,critical ,,notices1 ,,reviews1       
,,papers on the ,,fine ,,arts1          
,,literature1 ,,the ,,drama1 c4 c4  ,the
 whole forming an interesting           
,miscellany1 as well as a valuable      
permanent ,record of the ,progress of   
,literature and ,science1 throughout the
 entire period from its first           
publication1 under the auspices of its  
distinguished ,editor4  ,no effort is   
spared to perpetuate the high character 
which   ,,the ,,metropolitan  has       
attained1 both at home and abroad1 for  
its ,,original ,,papers2 while its      
,review ,department will continue to    
receive that attention which has        
hitherto rendered its ,criticisms so    
impartial and satisfactory4  ,orders for
 ,,the ,,metropolitan may be forwarded  
through any of the ,booksellers or      
,newsmen of the ,united ,kingdom1 or for

 the ,continent or ,colonies through the
 ,agents at the ,post ,office4  ,all    
communications are requested to be      
addressed 7post free7 to the ,editor at 
the ,publishers4       ,,popular        
,,works1   ,,by ,,distinguished         
,,writers4    ,,published ,,by          
,,messrs ,,saunders ,,and ,,otley1      
,,conduit ,,street1 ,,hanover ,,square1 
,,london4    ,,works ,,by ,,sir ,,lytton
 ,,bulwer1 ,,bart41 ,m4,p4   ,i4    ,in 
,one ,vol4 ,royal #hvo4   ,,the         
,,pilgrims ,,of ,,the ,,rhine4          
,beautifully illustrated with           
,engravings1 by the first artists4      
,this is in all respects a most superb  
book2 the ,literary contents1     which 
are of the highest order1 being fully   
equalled by the     splendour of the    
pictorial embellishments4--,news4       
,,ii4    ,in ,two ,vols4 ,post #hvo4    
,,the ,,student4   ,a ,series of        
,essays4      ,great as is both the     
power and beauty of the ,author's former
 works1     we know none that mark the  

creative thinker1 more than the present 
production4 ,its pages are full of new  
lights and happy                        
illustrations4--,literary ,gazette4     
,,iii4    ,in ,three ,vols4 ,post4 #hvo4
   ,,rienzi1   ,,the ,,last ,,of ,,the  
,,tribunes4      ,it required a master  
genius to trace the career of such a    
spirit as     ,rienzi's4--,athenum4     
,it is the author's as yet greatest     
work4--,new ,monthly4   ,,iv4    ,in    
#hvo4   ,,letter ,,to ,a ,,late         
,,cabinet ,,minister ,,on ,,the         
,,present ,,crisis4   ,to which is added
 ,a ,,letter ,,from ,,lord ,,brougham   
,,to ,,the ,,author4   ,thirteenth      
,edition4   ,v4    ,in #hvo4   ,,the    
,,duchesse ,,de ,,la ,,valliere4   ,a   
,,drama1 in ,five ,acts4   ,,vi4    ,in 
,two ,vols4 #hvo4   ,,athens--,,its     
,,rise ,,and ,,fall4   ,with ,views of  
the ,arts1 ,literature1 and ,social     
,life of the ,athenian   ,people4       
,years of labor have not been mis-spent 
in the research and      consideration  

of the subject1 and the style is worthy 
of the best      names in this elevated 
department of our ,national             
,literature4--,literary ,gazette4       
,,vii4    ,in ,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 
,,ernest ,,maltravers4      ,a splendid 
work1 bearing the impress of genius     
stamped on every     page4--,monthly    
,review4   ,,viii4    ,in ,three ,vols4 
,post #hvo4   ,,alice2 ,,or ,,the       
,,mysteries4      ,the most popular of  
all the ,author's popular               
,novels4--,chronicle4   ,,ix4    ,in    
,octavo4   ,,the ,,lady ,,of ,,lyons1   
,,or ,,love ,,and ,,pride4   ,a ,,play4 
,in ,five ,acts4 ,eighth ,edition4      
,,works ,,by ,,captain ,,marryat1 ,r4,n4
   ,x4    ,in ,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 
,,newton ,,foster2   ,,or ,,the         
,,merchant ,,service4   ,,xi4    ,in    
,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,the       
,,king',s ,,own4   ,,xii4    ,in ,three 
,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,peter ,,simple4  
,,xiii4    ,in ,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4
   ,,jacob ,,faithful4   ,,xiv4    ,in  

,three ,vols4 ,post4 #hvo4   ,,the      
,,pacha ,,of ,,many ,,tales4   ,,xv4    
,in ,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,japhet
 ,,in ,,search ,,of ,a ,,father4        
,,xvi4    ,in ,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 
,,mr4 ,,midshipman ,,easy4  99499 ,most 
of the above ,popular ,works were first 
published in ,the ,metropolitan1 ,edited
 by ,captain ,marryat4 ,they have since 
passed through several ,editions4       
,,works ,,by ,,mrs4 ,,jameson4   ,,xvii4
    ,in ,two vols4 ,post4 #hvo4         
,,memoirs ,,of ,,female ,,sovereigns4   
,,xviii4    ,in ,two ,vols4 ,post4 #hvo4
   ,,characteristics ,,of ,,women4      
,with upwards of ,fifty illustrative    
,etchings1 by the ,author4 ,new and     
revised ,edition4       ,a beautiful and
 touching commentary on the heart and   
mind of      ,woman4--,literary         
,gazette4       ,two truly delightful   
volumes1 the most charming of all the   
works      of a charming                
writer4--,blackwood4   ,,xix4    ,in    
,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,visits    

,,and ,,sketches ,,at ,,home ,,and      
,,abroad4   ,,xx4    ,in ,three ,vols4  
,post #hvo4   ,,winter ,,studies ,,and  
,,summer ,,rambles ,,in ,,canada4       
,we cordially recommend to all lovers of
 amusing anecdote these      lively1    
elegant and most feminine               
volumes4--,post4    ,,works ,,by ,,miss 
,,martineau4   ,,xxi4    ,in ,three     
,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,society ,,in     
,,america4       ,this book will sustain
 the great reputation of ,miss          
,martineau1      both as a sound        
scientific observer on questions of     
moral and      political philosophy1 and
 as a writer of first-rate descriptive  
powers4--,examiner4   ,,xxii4    ,in    
,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,retrospect
 ,,of ,,western ,,travels4      ,this   
work of ,miss ,martineau's is even more 
interesting than her     former         
admirable productions on ,america4 ,her 
descriptions are     perfectly          
delightful4--,london and ,westminster   
,review4   ,,xxiii4    ,,mrs4 ,,hemans' 

,,life1 ,,and ,,letters4   ,in ,two     
,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,memorials ,,of   
,,mrs4 ,,hemans4  ,with selections from 
her ,,private ,,correspondence1 by ,h4  
,f4 ,,chorley1 ,,esq4 ,illustrated with 
a beautifully engraved ,portrait1 and a 
view of her ,house4    ,,works ,,by     
,,the ,,author ,,of ,,random            
,,recollections ,,of ,,the ,,lords ,,and
 ,,commons4   ,,xxiv4    ,in ,one ,vol4 
,post #hvo4   ,,random ,,recollections  
,,of ,,the ,,house ,,of ,,commons4      
,fifth ,edition4 ,revised4      ,a work 
more extensively circulated and read    
than any that has     appeared for      
years4--,sun4   ,,xxv4    ,in ,two      
,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,the ,,great      
,,metropolis4   ,first ,series4         
,,xxvi4    ,in ,two ,vols4 ,post #hvo4  
,,the ,,great ,,metropolis4   ,second   
,series4      ,a work of extraordinary  
and peculiar research4--,monthly        
,repository4   ,,xxvii4    ,in ,two     
,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,travels ,,in     
,,town4      ,the reader is almost sure 

to gain from this author's various      
productions such an amount of useful    
information as it would be     scarcely 
possible for him to gather in the same  
compass     elsewhere4--,metropolitan4  
,,travels1 ,,biography1 ,,memoirs1 c4   
,,xxxiii4    ,in #dto4 with ,portraits1 
,fac-similes1 c4   ,,memoirs ,,of ,,the 
,,great ,,lord ,,burghley4  ,with his   
,state ,papers1 and ,private ,letters1  
from the ,original ,manuscripts4 ,by the
 ,rev4 ,dr4 ,,nares1 ,regius ,professor 
of ,divinity in the ,university of      
,oxford4   ,,xxix4    ,in ,three ,vols41
 #hvo4 with ,portrait   ,,memoirs1      
,,correspondence1 ,,and ,,manuscripts   
,,of ,,general ,,la ,,fayette4          
,published by his ,family4   ,,xxx4     
,in ,one ,vol4 #hvo4   ,,memoirs ,,of   
,,prince ,,lucien ,,buonaparte4         
,written by ,himself4   ,,xxxi4    ,in  
,one ,vol4 #hvo4 with ,portrait4        
,,memoirs ,,of ,,lord ,,herbert ,,of    
,,cherbury4   ,written by ,himself4     
,,xxxii4    ,in ,one ,vol4 #hvo4 with   

,portrait4   ,,memoirs ,,of ,,sir       
,,kennelme ,,digby4   ,written by       
,himself4   ,,xxxiii4    ,in ,one ,vol4 
#hvo4 with ,portrait4   ,,memoirs ,,of  
,,lord ,,liverpool4   ,with a ,view of  
his ,administration4   ,,xxxiv4    ,in  
,two ,vols4 #hvo4 with coloured ,plates4
   ,,records ,,of ,,travels ,,in ,,the  
,,east4   ,by ,,adolphus ,,slade1 ,,esq4
   ,,xxxv4    ,in ,two ,vols4 ,post     
#hvo4 with coloured ,plates4   ,,travels
 ,,in ,,alexandria1 ,,damascus1 ,,and   
,,jerusalem4   ,by ,dr4 ,,hogg4         
,,xxxvi4    ,in ,two ,vols4 #hvo4 with  
coloured ,plates4   ,,travels ,,to      
,,constantinople ,,and ,,greece4   ,by  
,,charles ,,macfarlane1 ,,esq4          
,,xxxvii4    ,in ,two ,vols4 ,post #hvo4
 with coloured ,plates4   ,,excursions  
,,in ,,the ,,mediterranean4   ,by ,sir  
,,grenville ,,temple1 ,,bart4           
,,xxxviii4    ,in ,two ,vols4 ,post     
#hvo4 with ,engravings1   ,,traits ,,and
 ,,traditions ,,of ,,portugal4   ,by    
,,miss ,,pardoe4   ,,xxxix4    ,in ,two 

,vols4 #hvo4 with coloured ,plates4     
,,madrid ,,and ,,its ,,vicinity4   ,by  
an ,english ,officer4   ,,xl4    ,in    
,two ,vols4 #hvo4 coloured ,plates4     
,,turkey1 ,,greece1 ,,and ,,malta4   ,by
 ,,adolphus ,,slade1 ,esq4   ,,xli4     
,in ,two ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 coloured    
,plates1   ,,algiers ,,and ,,tunis4     
,by ,sir ,,grenville ,,temple1 ,bart4   
,,xlii4    ,in ,two ,vols4 #hvo4 with   
,engravings1 and large ,maps4   ,,the   
,,topography ,,of ,,rome ,,and ,,its    
,,vicinity4   ,by ,sir ,,william ,,gell4
   ,,xliii4    ,in ,two ,vols4 #hvo4    
with ,engravings4   ,,france ,,in ,,its 
,,last ,,revolution4   ,by ,,lady       
,,morgan4   ,,xliv4    ,in ,two ,vols4  
#hvo4 with ,portrait4   ,,literary      
,,remains ,,of ,,the ,,late ,,william   
,,hazlitt4   ,with ,remarks on his      
,genius by ,mr4 ,,serjeant ,,talfourd1  
and ,sir ,,lytton   ,,bulwer1 ,bart4    
,,history1 ,,philosophy1 c4   ,,xlv4    
,in ,two ,vols4 with ,maps4 #hvo4 ,third
 ,edition4   ,,democracy ,,in ,,america4

   ,by ,,alexis ,,de ,,tocqueville4     
,the very best work on the subject we   
have ever met     with4--,blackwood4    
,,xlvi4    ,in ,two ,vols4 #hvo4        
,,lectures ,,on ,,the ,,philosophy ,,of 
,,history4   ,by ,,frederic ,,von       
,,schlegel4 ,translated by ,j4 ,h4      
,,robertson1 ,esq4   with ,life of the  
,author4   ,,xlvii4    ,in ,one ,vol4   
#hvo4   ,,civilization4   ,by the ,hon4 
,,augustus ,,moreton1 ,m4,p4   ,,xlviii4
    ,in ,one ,vol4 #hvo4   ,,the        
,,educational ,,institutions ,,of       
,,germany4   ,by ,g4 ,p4 ,r4 ,,james1   
,esq4 ,author of ,memoirs of ,louis     
,,xiv4 c4   ,,xlix4    ,in ,one ,vol4   
#hvo4   ,,vindication ,,of ,,the        
,,english ,,constitution4   ,by ,b4     
,d',,israeli1 ,esq4   ,l4    ,in ,two   
,vols4 ,post #hvo4 with ,engravings4    
,,the ,,naval ,,officer',s ,,manual4    
,by ,,captain ,,glascock4 ,r4,n4   ,,li4
    ,in ,two ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,the 
,,poetry ,,of ,,life4   ,by ,miss       
,,stickney4   ,,lii4    ,in ,two ,vols4 

,post #hvo4   ,,pericles ,,and          
,,aspasia4   ,by ,,walter ,,savage      
,,landor1 ,esq4   ,,liii4    ,in #dto4  
with ,twelve ,original ,etchings4       
,,the ,,ancient ,,ballad ,,of ,,chevy   
,,chase4   ,illustrated by ,,john       
,,franklin1 ,,esq4   ,,liv4    ,in      
,three ,vols4 ,post4 #hvo4   ,,inklings 
,,of ,,adventure4   ,by ,n4 ,p4         
,,willis1 ,esq4   ,,lv4    ,in ,two     
,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,imaginary        
,,biography4   ,by ,sir ,,egerton       
,,bridges1 ,bart4   ,,lvi4    ,in ,two  
,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,dramatic         
,,scenes4   ,by ,,lady ,,morgan4        
,,lvii4    ,in ,one ,vol4 ,post #hvo4   
,,citation ,,and ,,trial ,,of           
,,shakspeare ,,for ,,deer ,,stealing4   
,by ,,walter ,,savage ,,landor1 ,esq4   
,,lviii4    ,in ,two ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 
,,the ,,infirmities ,,of ,,genius4   ,by
 ,,dr4 ,,madden4   ,,lix4    ,in ,two   
,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,holy             
,,breathings4   ,a ,series of ,morning  
and ,evening ,prayers4   ,by ,,lady     

,,charlotte ,,bury4   ,,lx4    ,in #hvo4
 with many ,plates4   ,,floral          
,,emblems4   ,by ,,henry ,,phillips4    
,,lxi4    ,in ,one ,vol41 silk1 gilt1   
coloured ,plates4   ,,the ,,language    
,,of ,,flowers4   ,sixth ,edition1      
,revised by the ,editor of the ,forget  
me not4   ,,lxii4    ,in ,one ,vol41    
silk1 gilt1 coloured ,plates4   ,,the   
,,book ,,of ,,flowers4   ,by ,mrs4      
,,hale4   ,,lxiii4    ,in ,one ,vol4    
silk1 gilt1 coloured ,plates4   ,,the   
,,language ,,of ,,birds4   ,by ,mrs4    
,,spratt4   ,,lxiv4    ,in #dto4 with   
original ,plates4   ,,retzsch',s        
,,fancies4   ,with ,remarks1 by ,mrs4   
,,jameson4   ,,lxv4    ,in ,one ,vol4   
,fourth ,edition1 with illustrations1   
,,adventures ,,of ,a ,,gentleman ,,in   
,,search ,,of ,a ,,horse4   ,by ,sir    
,,george ,,stephen4   ,,lxvi4    ,in    
,one ,vol4 #hvo4 with the ,arms of the  
,peers beautifully engraved1   and      
incorporated with the ,text4   ,,the    
,,peerage ,,of ,,the ,,british ,,empire4

   ,from the ,personal ,communications  
of the ,nobility4 ,by ,,edmund ,,lodge1 
,,esq4   ,norroy ,king of ,arms4        
,,lxvii4    ,in ,one ,vol4 ,second      
,edition4   ,,the ,,management ,,of     
,,bees4   ,with a description of the    
,lady's ,safety ,hive4 ,with ,forty     
,illustrations4   ,by ,,samuel          
,,bagster1 ,,esq4   ,,lxviii4    ,in    
,one ,vol4 #hvo4 uniform with the       
,peerage4   ,,the ,,genealogy ,,of ,,the
 ,,peerage4   ,containing the ,ancestral
 ,history of the ,british ,nobility4 ,by
   ,,edmund ,,lodge1 ,esq4 ,norroy ,king
 of ,arms4   ,,lxix4    ,in ,one large  
,vol4 #hvo4   ,,remarks ,,and ,,evidence
 ,,on ,,the ,,factory ,,system4   ,by   
,,charles ,,wing1 ,esq4 ,surgeon to the 
,royal ,infirmary for ,children4        
,,lxx4    ,in ,one ,vol4 ,post #hvo4    
,,sartor ,,resartus4   ,the ,life and   
,opinions of ,herr ,teufelsdrck4 ,by    
,,thomas ,,carlyle1 ,,esq4   ,,lxxi4    
,in ,three ,vols4 #hvo4   ,,histoire    
,,de ,,la ,,revolution ,,de #afhh ,,en  

,,angleterre4   ,per ,f4 ,a4 ,j4        
,,mazuri1 ,inspecteur ,gnral des        
,etudes4    ,,popular ,,novels4         
,,lxxii4    ,in ,three ,vols4 ,post     
#hvo4 ,third ,edition4   ,,almacks2 ,a  
,,novel4      ,these volumes present    
perhaps the best picture of the gayest  
fashionable life that has ever issued   
from the press4--,literary     ,gazette4
   ,,lxxiii4    ,in ,three ,vols4 ,post 
#hvo4   ,,alla ,,giornata4   ,,or1 ,,to 
,,the ,,day4   ,a ,tale of ,italy4 ,by  
,,lady ,,charlotte ,,bury4   ,,lxxiv4   
,in ,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,tales 
,,of ,,the ,,munster ,,festivals4   ,by 
the ,author of ,the ,rivals4   ,,lxxv4  
,in ,two ,vols1 ,post #hvo4   ,,the     
,,journal ,,of ,,an ,,exile4   ,by ,t4  
,a4 ,,boswell1 ,,esq4   ,,lxxvi4    ,in 
,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,the       
,,english ,,in ,,italy4   ,,lxxvii4     
,in ,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,the   
,,aylmers4   ,by ,,thomas ,,haynes      
,,bayley1 ,esq4   ,,lxxiii4    ,in      
,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,the       

,,english ,,in ,,france4   ,by the      
,author of ,the ,english in ,italy4     
,,lxxix4    ,in ,three ,vols4 ,post     
#hvo4   ,,recollections ,,of ,a         
,,pedestrian4   ,by the ,author of ,the 
,journal of an ,exile4   ,,lxxx4    ,in 
,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,tales ,,of
 ,,continental ,,life4   ,by the ,author
 of ,the ,english in ,italy4   ,,lxxxi4 
,in ,two ,vols4 ,foolscap #hvo4   ,,the 
,,zenana2 ,,or ,a ,,newab',s ,,leisure  
,,hours4   ,by the ,author of ,pandurang
 ,huri4   ,,lxxxii4    ,in ,two ,vols4  
,post #hvo4   ,,two ,,old ,,men',s      
,,tales4   ,,lxxxiii4    ,in ,three     
,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,conti ,,the      
,,discarded4   ,by the ,author of ,tales
 of a ,sea-port ,town4   ,,lxxxiv4      
,in ,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,my    
,,aunt ,,pontypool4   ,,lxxxv4    ,in   
,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,tales ,,of
 ,,the ,,woods ,,and ,,fields4   ,by the
 ,author of ,two ,old ,men's ,tales4    
,,lxxxvi4    ,in ,three ,vols4 ,post    
#hvo4   ,,the ,,collegians4   ,by the   

,author of ,tales of the ,munster       
,festivals4   ,,lxxxvii4    ,in ,three  
,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,the ,,lady       
,,annabetta4   ,by the ,author of       
,constance4   ,,lxxxviii4    ,in ,one   
,vol4 ,post #hvo4   ,,country ,,stories4
   ,by ,,miss ,,mitford1 ,author of ,our
 ,village4   ,,lxxxix4    ,in ,three    
,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,the ,,two        
,,friends4   ,by ,,the ,,countess ,,of  
,,blessington4   ,,xc4    ,in ,three    
,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,the ,,desultory  
,,man4   ,by ,g4 ,p4 ,r4 ,,james1 ,esq4 
,author of ,richelieu1 c4   ,,xci4      
,in ,two ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,the     
,,state ,,prisoner4   ,by ,miss ,,boyle4
   ,,xcii4    ,in ,three ,vols4 ,post   
#hvo4   ,,the ,,wife ,,and ,,woman',s   
,,reward4   ,by the ,hon4 ,mrs4         
,,norton4   ,,xciii4    ,in ,three      
,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,anne ,,grey4     
,edited by the ,author of ,granby4      
,,xciv4    ,in ,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4
   ,,tales ,,of ,,my ,,neighbourhood4   
,by the ,author of ,the ,collegians4    

,,xcv4    ,in ,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 
,,the ,,pilgrims ,,of ,,walsingham4     
,by ,miss ,,strickland4   ,,xcvi4    ,in
 ,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,the      
,,mayor ,,of ,,windgap4   ,by ,the      
,o',hara ,family4   ,,xcvii4    ,in     
,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,the       
,,puritan',s ,,grave4   ,by the ,,rev4  
,,pitt ,,scargill4   ,,xcviii4    ,in   
,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,chances   
,,and ,,changes4   ,by the ,author of   
,six ,weeks on the ,loire4   ,,xcix4    
,in ,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,the   
,,hamiltons4   ,by the ,author of       
,mothers and ,daughters4   ,c4    ,in   
,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,the       
,,exile ,,of ,,palestine4   ,by ,j4     
,,carne1 ,esq4 ,author of ,letters from 
the ,holy ,land4   ,,ci4    ,in ,three  
,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,hungarian        
,,tales4   ,by ,mrs4 ,c4 ,,gore4        
,,cii4    ,in ,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 
,,the ,,mardens ,,and ,,the ,,daventrys4
   ,by ,miss ,,pardoe4   ,,ciii4    ,in 
,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,the       

,,wondrous ,,tale ,,of ,,alroy4   ,by   
the ,author of ,vivian ,grey4   ,,civ4  
,in ,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4           
,,country ,,houses4   ,,cv4    ,in      
,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,the       
,,rivals4   ,by ,the ,author of ,the    
,collegians4   ,,cvi4    ,in ,three     
,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,the ,,armenians4 
,by ,,charles ,,mac ,,farlane1 ,,esq4   
,,cvii4    ,in ,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4
   ,,first ,,love4   ,,cviii4    ,in    
,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,polish    
,,tales4   ,by ,mrs4 ,c4 ,,gore4        
,,cix4    ,in ,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 
,,the ,,invasion4   ,by the ,author of  
,the ,collegians4   ,,cx4    ,in ,three 
,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,the ,,bit ,o'    
,,writin'4   ,by ,the ,o',hara ,family4 
,,cxi4    ,in ,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 
,,warner ,,arundell2   ,,or1 ,,memoirs  
,,of ,a ,,creole4   ,by ,d4 ,l4         
,,joseph1 ,,esq4   ,,cxii4    ,in ,three
 ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,the ,,victims   
,,of ,,society4   ,by the ,,countess of 
,,blessington4   ,,cxiii4    ,in ,three 

,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,falkner4   ,by   
,mrs4 ,,shelley4   ,,cxiv4    ,in ,two  
,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,tales ,,of ,,the 
,,southern ,,counties4   ,,cxv4    ,in  
,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,the ,,lost
 ,,evidence4   ,by ,miss ,,burdon4      
,,cxvi4    ,in ,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4
   ,,misrepresentation4   ,,cxvii4      
,in ,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,henry 
,,acton2 ,,and ,,other ,,tales4   ,by   
the ,hon4 ,mrs4 ,,sayers4   ,,cxviii4   
,in ,three ,vols4 ,post4 #hvo4          
,,hussars1 ,,guards1 ,,and ,,infantry4  
,by ,major ,r4 ,,hort4   ,,cxix4    ,in 
,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4   ,,agnes ,,de
 ,,mansfeldt4   ,by ,t4 ,c4 ,,grattan1  
,esq4   ,,cxx4    ,in ,three ,vols4     
,post #hvo4   ,,fitzherbert4   ,by the  
,author of ,the ,bride of ,sienna4      
,,cxxi4    ,in ,three ,vols4 ,post #hvo4
   ,,mortimer ,,delmar4   ,by the       
,author of ,conrad ,blessington4        
,,cxxii4    ,in ,three ,vols4 ,post     
#hvo4   ,,janet2 ,,or ,a ,,glance ,,at  
,,human ,,nature4   ,by the ,author of  

,misrepresentation4    ,,poetry4        
,,cxxiii4    ,in ,two ,large ,vols4 with
 upwards of #ajj ,engravings1 by the    
,first ,artists4   ,,the ,,book ,,of    
,,gems4   ,containing ,memoirs and      
,specimens of the ,poets1 ,from ,chaucer
 to ,cowper4   ,by ,s4 ,c4 ,,hall1 ,esq4
      ,this is in all respects so       
beautiful a book that it would be       
scarcely possible to suggest an         
improvement4 ,its contents are not      
for a year nor for an age1 but for all  
time4--,examiner4   ,,cxxiv4    ,in     
,eight ,vols4 with fine ,engravings1 by 
the ,,findens1 ,from   original         
,drawings4   ,,the ,,life ,,and ,,works 
,,of ,,cowper4   ,including his ,private
 ,correspondence4 ,by the ,rev4 ,t4     
,,grimshawe4   ,,cxxv4    ,in one ,vol4 
,foolscap #hvo4 ,new ,edition4   ,,the  
,,messiah4   ,by the ,rev4 ,r4          
,,montgomery4   ,,cxxvi4    ,in ,one    
,vol4 #hvo4   ,,italy2   ,with          
,historical and ,classical ,notes1 by   
,j4 ,e4 ,,reade1 ,esq4   ,,cxxvii4      

,in ,one ,vol4 ,foolscap4   ,,melanie2  
,,and ,,other ,,poems4   ,by ,n4 ,p4    
,,willis1 ,esq4   ,,cxxviii4    ,in ,one
 ,vol4 ,foolscap #hvo4 with ,portrait4  
,,the ,,vow ,,of ,,the ,,peacock4   ,by 
,miss ,,landon4   ,,cxxix4    ,in ,one  
,vol4 ,foolscap #hvo4   ,,the ,,songs   
,,of ,,the ,,alhambra4   ,by ,miss      
,,smith4   ,,cxxx4    ,in #hvo4   ,,the 
,,star ,,of ,,seville4   ,by ,mrs4      
,,butler2 ,late ,miss ,,kemble4         
,,cxxxi4    ,in ,foolscap #hvo4         
,,tranquil ,,hours4   ,by ,mrs4 ,e4     
,,thomas4   ,,cxxxii4    ,in ,one ,vol4 
#hvo4   ,,hours ,,at ,,naples2 ,,and    
,,other ,,poems4   ,by ,lady ,e4        
,,stuart ,,wortley4   ,,cxxxiii4    ,in 
,one ,vol4 ,foolscap4 #hvo4   ,,satan2  
,a ,,poem4   ,by the ,rev4 ,r4          
,,montgomery4   ,new ,edition4          
,,cxxxiv4    ,in ,one ,vol4 ,foolscap   
#hvo4   ,,gazella2 ,,or ,,rilcar ,,the  
,,wanderer4   ,a ,poetical ,romance4 ,by
 ,f4 ,,worsley1 ,esq4   ,,cxxxv4        
,,the ,,seraphim2   ,,and ,,other       

,,poems4   ,by ,miss ,,barrett4         
,,cxxxvi4    ,in ,one ,vol4 #hvo4       
,,impressions ,,of ,,italy4   ,by ,lady 
,e4 ,,stuart ,,wortley4   ,,cxxxvii4    
,in ,one ,vol4 #hvo4   ,,the ,,deluge4  
,a ,,drama in ,twelve ,scenes4   ,by ,j4
 ,e4 ,,reade1 ,esq41 ,author of ,italy1 
and ,cain the ,wanderer4   ,,cxxxviii4  
,in #hvo4   ,,richelieu2 ,,or ,,the     
,,conspiracy4   ,a ,,play1 in ,five     
,acts4   ,by the ,author of ,the ,lady  
of ,lyons1 ,eugene ,aram1 c4            
,,pamphlets4     ,,the ,,cabinets       
,,compared2 ,,or ,,an ,,enquiry ,,into  
,,the ,,late ,,and ,,present            
,,administrations4    ,,the ,,rights    
,,of ,,the ,,church ,,of ,,england      
,,vindicated4    ,,examination ,,of     
,,recent ,,works ,,on ,,church ,,reform4
    ,,the ,,crisis ,,examined4 ,,by     
,d',,israeli ,,the ,,younger4    ,,reply
 ,,to ,a ,,pamphlet ,,entitled ,,what   
,,has ,,the ,,duke ,,of ,,wellington    
,,gained     ,,by ,,the ,,dissolution8  
,,how ,,long ,,will ,,they ,,last8 ,a   

,,letter ,,from ,a ,,retired ,,member   
,,of ,,parliament4    ,,defects ,,in    
,,election ,,committees1 ,,with ,a      
,,plan ,,for ,,improving ,,them4        
,,what ,,was ,,the ,,object ,,of ,,the  
,,reform ,,bill8    ,,remarks ,,on ,,the
 ,,foreign ,,relations ,,of ,,england4  
,by ,,montague ,,gore1 ,,esq4    ,,an   
,,appeal ,,against ,,the ,,tamworth     
,,address4    ,,speech ,,of ,,sir       
,,robert ,,peel1 ,,on ,,retiring ,,from 
,,office4    ,,the ,,reform ,,of ,,the  
,,reform ,,bill4 ,by ,,wm4 ,,ewart1     
,,esq4    ,,observations ,,on ,,public  
,,affairs1 ,,by ,a ,,whig ,,of ,,the    
,,old ,,school4    ,,the ,,time ,,to    
,,speak2 ,,or1 ,,what ,,do ,,the        
,,people ,,say8    ,a ,,letter ,,to     
,,the ,,quarterly ,,review ,,on ,,the   
,,course ,,and ,,probable               
,,termination ,,of ,,the ,,niger4       
,,the ,,reform ,,bill ,,proved ,,to ,,be
 ,,an ,,error4    ,,lord ,,eldon',s     
,,speech ,,in ,,the ,,house ,,of ,,lords
 ,,on ,,catholic ,,emancipation4        

,,an ,,apology ,,for ,,the ,,ballot4    
,a ,,letter ,,to ,,sir ,r4 ,h4 ,,inglis1
 ,,by ,a ,,member ,,of ,,the            
,,university ,,of ,,oxford4    ,a       
,,letter ,,to ,,lord ,,palmerston ,,on  
,,british ,,relations ,,with ,,china4   
,,the ,,church ,,of ,,england',s        
,,defence ,,against ,,her ,,real        
,,enemies ,,and ,,pretended             
,,reformers4    ,,open ,,voting ,,better
 ,,than ,,ballot4    ,,on ,,the         
,,disturbances ,,in ,,canada4 ,,by      
,,montague ,,gore1 ,,esq4    ,,letters  
,,of ,a ,,conservative4 ,,by ,,walter   
,,savage ,,landor1 ,,esq4               
,,considerations ,,on ,,the ,,state ,,of
 ,,the ,,nation4    ,,letter ,,on ,,the 
,,wellington ,,and ,,nelson ,,memorials4
   ,london3 ,w4 ,,blatch1 ,printer1     
,grove ,place1 ,brompton4            99 
99      99      99      99      99      
,transcriber's ,note  ,the following    
typographical errors have been          
corrected4   ,page  ,error   ,,toc99    
,origin and ,progress of ,printing1 #aa 

changed to        ,origin and ,progress 
of ,printing1 #ab   ,,toc  ,stereotype  
,printing1 #be changed to ,stereotype   
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to        ,illustrative ,engravings1 #ej
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changed to expense   ,ad ,,xlii         
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,loire4   ,ad ,,cxxvi     ,j4 ,e ,reade 
changed to ,j4 ,e4 ,reade   ,pamphlets  
section  ,,dissolution8 changed to      
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inconsistently spelled or hyphenated4   
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