,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,italic text is r5d]$ ) und]scores l ?is1 & bold ) equal signs l ?is ,,mu%rooms ,,( ,,am]ica1 ,,edible ,,& ,,poison\s4 ,,edit$ ,,by ,,julius ,a4 ,,palm]1 ,,jr4 ,,publi%$ ,,by ,l4 ,,prang ,,co41 ,,bo/on4 7,,copyright1 #ahhe4 ,,by ,l4 ,,prang ,,co47 ,,g5]al ,,directions4 ,^! *>ts are prep>$ = popul> use1 r ?an = /ud5ts ( botanical sci5ce2 all te*nical t]ms are1 !re=e1 z f> z possible1 avoid$4 ,! names mu%room & toad/ool are indef9ite1 are bo? appli$ ) equal reason to any fle%y fungus1 & are "h us$ z synonymes1 l ! correspond+ t]m plant & vegetable1 or %rub & bu%1 9 common conv]sation4 ,no g5]al te/ c be giv5 by :i* a poison\s mu%room may be di/+ui%$ f an edible mu%room4 ,b ea* species ( fungus has c]ta9 m>ks ( id5tity1 ei!r 9 appe>ance1 quality1 or condition ( gr[?1 :i* are its own1 & nev] radically v>i$2 none c conta9 a v5om\s elem5t at "o "t1 & yet be h>mless "u o!r conditions4 ,l o!r food1 animal or vegetable1 h[ev]1 mu%rooms may1 by decay or conditions ( gr[?1 be unfit = table use2 yet 9 ?is /ate no fatality w\ld att5d su* use4 ,!re=e ! id5tification ( species is a safe guide1 & is ! only means ( kn[+ :at mu%rooms %\ld be eat51 & :at v>ieties ( fungus %\ld be reject$4 ,hav+ once le>n$ to di/+ui% any species ( mu%rooms z escul5t1 p]fect security may be felt 9 ! use ( t species :]ev] & :5ev] f\nd2 b any specim5 v>y+ f ! type 9 ! slighte/ degree %\ld be reject$ by an amateur4 ,!re are ab\t "o ?\s& v>ieties ( mu%rooms 7exclusive ( small or microscopic fungi7 native to ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 _m w !re=e be f\nd :i* are n repres5t$ on ei!r ( ^! plates4 ,^? "h depict$ are ( ?ree classes1 namely1 ! ,lycop]dace1 or ,puff-ball fungi2 ! ,ag>ic9i1 or ,gill-be>+ fungi2 & ! ,boleti1 :i* la/ is "o division ( ! ,polyporei1 or ,pore-be>+ fungi4 ,! foll[+ def9itions are "h giv51 & w be f\nd necess>y3-- ,,pileus4 ,! exp&$ disk or cap ( ! mu%room or toad/ool4 ,,gills4 ,! ?9 plates set on _! edges "u ! pileus1 runn+ to a common c5tre at ! /em4 ,,tubes4 ,! spongy collection ( pores :i* take ! place ( gills "u ! pileus ( a ,boletus4 ,,veil4 ,a web or membrane :i* ext5ds f ! m>g9 ( ! pileus to ! /em :5 ! mu%room is "y1 & ?us encloses ! gills4 ,,r+4 ,a "p ( ! veil adh]5t to ! /em1 & =m+ a coll> ar\nd x4 ,,volva4 ,! %ea? or wrapp] enclos+ ! "y mu%room1 :5 bel[ or j above ! gr\nd2 ! rema9s ( :i* are f\nd 9 ! r+1 ! veil1 at ! base ( ! /em1 & 9 ! w>ty or scurfy top ( "s v>ieties ( mu%rooms4 ,,spores4 ,! reproductive bodies1 analog\s to se$s 9 "s o!r plants1 f\nd "u ! caps ( ! ,ag>ic9i & ,boleti1 & appe>+ l f9e du/ :5 ! cap is left = a "t ly+ "u-side d[nw>d4 99 99 99 99 99 ,!re are z _m diff]5t flavors & ta/es among escul5t fungi z are f\nd 9 any o!r v>ieties ( diet1 & ! v g5]al ignorance ( ?is fact is a suffici5t reason = ! issue ( ?is "w4 ,_m p]sons claim to "k a mu%room f a toad/ool4 ,?is means t !re is "o v>iety out ( a ?\s& ( :i* !y eat ) safety1 & x means no?+ m4 ,a p]son might z well select "o fi% f ! sea1 & avoid all o!r memb]s ( ! f9ny tribe on ! gr\nd t !re are poison\s fi%es4 ,x is /range t ?is g5]al ignorance is mo/ app>5t 9 ! case ( ! ,engli%-speak+ p4 ,! fungus eat]s =m a little clique 9 ,engl&1 b ! majority ( h] p "k no?+ ( ?is gratuit\s (f]+ f ,nature's /oreh\se4 ,no c\ntry is ri*] 9 mu%room food ?an ,am]ica4 ,7 ! poor] classes ( ,russia1 ,g]many1 ,italy1 or ,france to see our =e/s dur+ ! autumn ra9s1 !y w\ld fea/ on ! ri* food !re go+ to wa/e4 ,= ?is h>ve/ is spontane\s2 x requires no se$-"t1 & asks = no peasant's toil4 ,at ! same "t1 ! economic value ( mu%room diet ranks second to meat alone4 ,) bread1 & mu%rooms prop]ly ga!r$ & prep>$1 a p]son may neglect ! but*] dur+ ! summ] mon?s4 ,?is is self-evid5t to ! unsci5tific m9d by ! simple facts t mu%rooms make ! same use ( ! air we brea! z is made by animals1 t cook$ !y resemble no =m ( vegetable food1 & t 9 decay _! odor 9 "s cases _c be di/+ui%$ f t ( putrid meat4 ,to ?is fea/1 abundantly provid$ by ,nature = ! poore/ z well z ! mo/ epicurean1 we invite ! ,am]ican p4 ,9 ga!r+ mu%rooms = food1 cut ! /em (f ab\t an in* bel[ ! cap1 & place !m 9 ! basket or di%1 gills upw>d4 ,nev] twi/ or pull !m1 z ! gills become !reby full ( dirt1 :i* is n easily remov$4 ,by plac+ !m gills d[nw>d1 !y w %$ _! spores l>gely & ?us lose flavor4 ,! /em 9 cutt+ w (t5 exhibit f9e holes2 ?is indicates t maggots h ent]$ ! mu%room4 ,if ! sub/ance ( ! pileus cont9ues firm & h>d1 ! mu%room may be cook$ & eat5 by ^? n ov]-nice2 b if p]=at$ & s(t1 ! consequ5t decomposition might induce nausea1 & ev5 s]i\s sickness4 ,mu%rooms may be noxi\s z food 9 ?ree ways3-- 7#a47 ,!y may disagree ) ! sy/em1 by _! t\ghness1 indige/ibility1 or use 9 a /ate ( decay4 7#b47 ,!y may be slimy1 acrid1 or o!rwise nause\s4 7#c47 ,!y may conta9 a subtle poison )\t ta/e1 smell1 or o!r indication ( its pres5ce4 ,mo/ noxi\s fungi app]ta9 to ! fir/ or second class above giv51 & ta/e or common-s5se w\ld readily reject !m1 unless !y 7 cook$ ) o!r food or excessively spic$4 ,= ?is reason pla9 cook+ is advis$1 & fur!r1 no amateur %\ld v5ture to m+le ) good v>ieties o!rs to him unkn[n4 ,( ! ?ird class1 !re is "o family1 _m ( ^: memb]s conta9 a viol5t & deadly poison4 ,?is is kn[n z ! ,amanita family2 & al?\gh out ( f\rte5 v>ieties1 f\r are kn[n to be edible1 yet x is "h advis$ to avoid all fungi z food :i* h ^! its di/+ui%+ m>ks3-- 7#a47 ,a scurfy or w>ty top1 ! protub]ances ( :i* rub easily (f1 leav+ ! sk9 intact4 ,9 a numb] ( specim5s _m w be f\nd entirely smoo?1 :ile ne> !m are o!rs ( ! same v>iety :]e m or less ( ! specks rema94 7#b47 ,a r+2 g5]ally l>ge & reflex$ or fall+ d[nw>d4 7#c47 ,a volva2 m or less enclos+ ! "y plant1 & rema9+ at ! base ( ! old] specim51 s t :5 ! mu%room is pull$ up a socket is left 9 ! gr\nd4 ,^! ?ree m>ks %\ld all exi/ 9 ! typical plant ( ?is family1 & ! exp]i5c$ eye w see signs ( _! pres5ce1 ev5 :]e !y are want+4 ,b ! volva r>ely or nev] decays dur+ ! life ( ! specim51 & to reject ev]y?+ ) ?is m>k is recomm5d$ to all amateurs4 ,s f> z kn[n1 !re are no cases ( dea? by ! use ( mu%rooms except f ?is "o family4 ,9 all well-def9$ cases ( fatal poison+1 ! cause is j z well def9$1 namely1 ! use ( ! mu%room repres5t$ by ,plates ,,ix4 & ,x4 9 ?is %eet4 ,!re=e1 :5 "o has become p]fectly acqua9t$ ) ?is family1 & le>n$ to always reject !m1 he has v little to fe> 9 ! *oice ( mu%rooms = ! table4 ,! poison\s v>ieties ( ! ,amanita family are extremely common4 ,! antidote = ?is poison is f\nd 9 ! skilful use ( ! alkaloids f ! family ( ! ,solanace or ,night%ades1 especially 9 subcutane\s injections ( ,atrop9e4 ,b to ! public g5]ally1 9 cases ( poison+1 no o!r advice c be giv5 ?an to call a physician )\t delay4 ,plate ,,vi4 repres5ts sev]al memb]s ( ! ,russula family4 ,hav+ once le>n$ to id5tify x )\t dang] ( error1 ?is family is q safe = use z food2 = all ! non-escul5t ,russulas are hot or nause\s to ! ta/e1 :ile ! edible ones are v nutty & pleasant4 ,! /ud5t %\ld1 !re=e1 ta/e ea* specim5 :5 prep>+ !m = cook+4 ,"s au?orities consid] all ,boleti fit = table use1 b !re are ^? :i* are too bitt] = food1 & "o su* z ! specim5 numb]$ #a1 ,plate ,,xi41 w\ld spoil a :ole /ew4 ,! tubes ( ?is ,boletus 7felleus7 are light rose1 al?\gh !y appe> to be :ite :5 fre% & "y4 ,a good rule = amateurs is to avoid all ! lurid ,boleti2 by ?is is meant all ^? t h ! slighte/ %ade ( r$ to ! tubes1 al?\gh ,i h (t5 eat5 ( su*4 ,! mild-color$ memb]s ( ?is family1 hav+ :ite1 yell[1 or gre5i% tubes1 if pleasant to ! ta/e1 may be consid]$ safe eat+4 ,plate ,,viii4 repres5ts "s ( ! escul5t puff-balls4 ,!re are "s w>ty fungi gr[+ on wood1 :i*1 9 e>ly gr[?1 resemble puff-balls1 ^: qualities are n yet kn[n4 ,b all ^? v>ieties ( cle> :ite fungi1 :i* appe> 9 little balls on ! op5 gr\nd aft] ra9s1 may be eat5 ) p]fect safety1 if fre%1 :ite inside1 & h>d2 if s(t & yell[i%1 or black 9 ! pulp1 !y %\ld be avoid$1 z !y are approa*+ decay4 ,! mo/ important advice to ! /ud5t is to le>n to recognize ! ,amanita family1 & to avoid !m all2 next1 to def9e & recognize any mu%room he is us+ = food1 s t he c\ld pick a s+le specim5 ( ! same out ( a basketful ( assort$ fungi2 & f9ally1 nev] to pick mu%rooms at r&om = food1 unless he has te/$ by actual use ea* & all ( ! v>ieties s us$4 ,!re is a l>ge family ( mu%rooms resembl+ ! ,russulas1 :i* exude a milky juice if brok5 or cut4 ,! amateur w d well to avoid all su*1 al?\gh !y are escul5t :]e ! milk is mild to ! ta/e4 ,additional plates1 display+ o!r v>ieties ( escul5t mu%rooms1 may possibly be issu$ 9 ! future4 ,,julius ,a4 ,,palm]1 ,jr4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,i4 ,,ag>icus ,,campe/ris ,,et ,,arv5sis1 ,,or ,,mu%room ,,prop]4 ,,description4 ,,pileus4 ,dry1 silky or d[ny f ! fir/2 globul>1 m>g9 unit$ to ! /em by ! veil1 !n exp&$1 bell-%ap$1 at la/ ev5 flat4 ,color v>iable1 f :ite to d>k br[n4 ,cuticle easily sep>able 9 pa/ure v>iety4 ,,gills4 ,at fir/ p9k1 !n purple1 f9ally almo/ black1 nev] :ite2 ( diff]5t l5g?s4 ,,/em4 ,ne>ly solid1 ev5 9 size1 easily remov$ f ! socket4 ,,volva4 ,none2 b veil pres5t1 at fir/ enclos+ gills1 !n mak+ a r+1 f9ally abs5t4 ,,spores4 ,purple or purpli% br[n4 ,,ta/e & ,,smell fragrant & agreeable4 ,,gr[s 9 op5 pa/ures1 lanes or roadsides2 nev] 9 =e/s4 7,b47 ,simil> to above1 b co>s]1 m brittle & ( /rong] flavor2 turns ru/ ( iron color :5 bruis$2 gr[s on banks1 /reet-sweep+s & 9 hot-h\ses4 ,,to ,,cook4 ,/ew 9 milk or cream2 prep>e to s]ve ) meat z describ$ "u ,plate ,,ii41 or broil z direct$ "u ,plate ,,iii4 ,,to ,,roa/ ,,9 ,,! ,,ov54 ,cut ! l>g] specim5s into f9e pieces1 & place !m 9 a small di%1 ) salt1 pepp] & butt] to ta/e2 put 9 ab\t two tablespoonfuls ( wat]1 !n fill ! di% ) ! half-op5 specim5s & ! buttons2 cov] tightly & place 9 ! ov51 :i* mu/ n be ov]heat$1 = ab\t tw5ty m9utes4 ,! juice ( ! l>g] mu%rooms w keep !m moi/1 &1 if fre%1 yield fur!r a mo/ abundant gravy4 ,n4 ,b4 ,9 ga!r+ ! pa/ure v>iety1 cut !m j bel[ ! cap 7don't pull !m72 !y c !n be cook$ )\t wa%+ or peel+4 ,! cultivat$ mu%rooms are (t5 s dirty z to require bo? wa%+ & peel+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,ii4 ,,copr9us ,,comatus1 ,,or ,,%aggy-,,man$ ,,mu%room4 ,,description4 ,,pileus4 ,at fir/ oval & h>d2 m>g9 !n sep>at+ f ! /em2 !n equally cyl9drical1 m>g9 turn+ black2 f9ally exp&$1 & decay+ by dissolution into inky fluid4 ,color ( pileus v>iable f br[n to pure :ite1 always woolly1 %aggy1 ! cuticle com+ (f 9 lay]s l ! scales ( a fi%4 ,,gills4 ,at fir/ :ite1 cr[d$2 possibly p9k1 !n d>k purple1 or black1 & moi/4 ,,/em4 ,?ick at base1 equal above gr\nd1 holl[1 appe>+ l mac>oni cook$4 ,,volva4 ,none1 b r+ pres5t1 & movable 9 ! full-gr[n specim54 ,,spores4 ,black4 ,,smell /rong1 especially at c5tre ( pileus4 ,,ta/e4 ,pleasant raw1 b %\ld n be eat5 aft] x is moi/ & black4 ,,gr[s 9 ri* lawns1 roadsides1 or newly fill$ city gr\nds1 9 gr\ps or solit>y4 ,,to ,,cook4 ,= ab\t tw5ty mu%rooms1 put into a saucepan "o gill ( milk or cream1 add salt & pepp] to ! ta/e1 ) a piece ( butt] ! size ( ! l>g] specim5s above2 :5 x boils1 put 9 ! /ems & small h>d mu%rooms2 aft] t5 m9utes' boil+ add ! l>g] specim5s2 keep ! di% cov]$ & boil+ = t5 m9utes long]1 !n p\r ! /ew ov] dry toa/1 & s]ve4 ,,to ,,s]ve ,,) ,,meat4 ,*op ! mu%rooms f9e1 let !m simm] t5 m9utes 9 "o half gill ( wat]1 ) butt]1 salt & pepp] z = oy/] sauce2 ?ick5 ) fl\r or gr\nd rice2 p\r ov] ! meat & cov] quickly4 ,n4 ,b4 ,b v little fluid is ne$$ 9 cook+ ?is mu%room1 z x yields a ri* juice ( its own4 ,x %\ld always be clean$ be=e cook+1 by scrap+ x smoo? & until x is p]fectly :ite4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,iii4 ,,m>asmius ,,oreades1 ,,or ,,fairy-,,r+ ,,*ampignon4 ,,description4 ,,pileus4 ,lea!ry1 t\gh1 & ( an equal cream color1 pliable :5 moi/2 %rivell+1 wr9kl$1 ev5 brittle :5 dry1 *ang+ f ! =m] to ! latt] ) a dew or ra9 foll[$ by a hot sun1 & also vice v]sa4 ,cuticle n sep>able4 ,,gills4 ,broad1 wide ap>t1 ( ! same color z pileus1 or a little pal]4 ,,/em4 ,solid1 ( equal circumf]5ce2 t\gh1 n break+ easily if b5t or twi/$4 ,,volva & r+1 none4 ,,spores :ite4 ,,ta/e & ,,smell musky1 r /rong1 b nutty & agreeable4 ,,gr[s 9 r+s or gr\ps 9 ri* lawns or roadsides4 ,,to ,,cook4 ,= s]v+ ) meat or fi%1 cut ! tops cle> f ! /ems j bel[ ! gills4 ,to a p9t ( mu%rooms1 if moi/1 add ab\t a gill ( wat]1 pepp] & salt to ! ta/e1 & a piece ( butt] half ! size ( an egg4 ,simm] toge!r ov] ! fire t5 or fifte5 m9utes1 ?ick5 ) fl\r or gr\nd rice1 & p\r ov] ! cook$ meat or fi%4 ,,to ,,broil4 ,place ! tops l oy/]s on a f9e wire gridiron2 z soon z !y are hot1 butt] !m lightly1 & salt & pepp] to ! ta/e4 ,put !m back ov] ! coals1 & :5 !y are heat$ ?r\gh !y are cook$4 ,butt] !m1 if requir$1 & place 9 a hot di%4 ,n4 ,b4 ,:5 ! mu%rooms are dri$1 swell !m 9 wat] be=e cook+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,iv4 ,,ag>icus ,,cretaceus1 ,,or ,,*alk ,,mu%room4 ,,description4 ,,pileus4 ,pure :ite1 dry at fir/1 ne>ly globul>1 !n bell-%ap$1 f9ally exp&$ & becom+ d>k]1 ev5 smoky 9 color4 ,9 e>ly gr[? v brittle1 cuticle always peel+ easily4 ,,gills4 ,at fir/ pure :ite1 !n p9ki%1 f9ally ru/y2 )]$ 9 color & texture2 always turn+ p9k or d>k if expos$ to dry heat4 ,,/em4 ,holl[1 bulb\s at base 9 small specim5s1 !n elongat$ & equal2 leaves ! socket easily1 )\t break+ into ! gills4 ,,volva4 ,none2 veil di/9ct & entire1 enclos+ ! gills at fir/1 !n ruptur$1 =m+ ! r+4 ,,spores4 ,pale p9k or rosy4 ,,ta/e1 mild1 agreeable1 b insipid4 ,,odor1 none4 ,gr[s 9 lawns & ri*ly cultivat$ grass plots2 r>ely or nev] 9 =e/s4 ,,to ,,cook4 ,?is mu%room1 :ile sweet & ( firm body1 has little or no flavor ( its own4 ,x may1 !re=e1 be be/ to /ew x z direct$ "u ,plate ,i41 ) milk1 or "u ,plate ,,iii41 ) wat]2 9 ei!r case mix+ "s proportion ( ei!r or all ( ! ?ree prec$+ k9ds4 ,9 su* case1 x w completely absorb _! flavor4 ,= ^? :o l spices x is v nice cook$ z numb] ?ree = meat or fi%1 add+ to t receipt *opp$ p>sley1 an onion1 or a clove ( g>lic1 *opp$ f9e1 ) a tablespoonful ( ,worce/]%ire sauce4 ,if s]v$ ) any meat mak+ an abundant gravy1 cook z direct$ "u ! plate ( ,edible ,russulas4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,v4 ,,ag>icus ,,proc]us1 ,,or ,,p>asol ,,mu%room4 ,,description4 ,,pileus4 ,br[n f fir/ to la/2 ?ick sk9n$1 v scaly & %aggy2 at fir/ egg-%ap$1 !n swoll51 f9ally exp&$1 a little po9t 9 ! c5tre becom+ prom95t2 always pliable & lea!ry4 ,,gills4 ,pure :ite4 ,,/em4 ,fibr\s1 holl[1 equal 9 size1 freckl$1 deeply sunk into ! cap1 f :i* x )draws free f ! gills1 leav+ a deep socket4 ,,volva4 ,none2 veil ragg$1 r+ well def9$ & movable4 ,,spores4 ,:ite4 ,,ta/e sweeti%1 n m>k$2 ,,odor slight4 ,,gr[s 9 op5 fields & lawns or m>g9s ( =e/s4 ,,to ,,cook4 ,/ew 9 milk or cream z direct$ "u ,plate ,,ii41 except t ?is mu%room is dry & firm1 & m liquid may be us$1 = x w make little or no gravy ( its own4 ,x is n ( suitable "* to be /ew$ 9 wat]1 b is v good broil$1 requir+ ! lib]al use ( butt]1 or plac$ "u meat z direct$ ) ! edible ,russulas4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,vi4 ,,edible ,,russulas4 #a1 #b4 ,russula het]ophylla4 #c4 ,russula viresc5s4 #d4 ,russula lepida4 #e4 ,russula alutacea4 ,,description4 ,,pileus4 ,_m color$2 :ite1 drab1 gre51 purple or bright r$2 cuticle v ?91 peel+ f ! edge1 adh]5t t[>d ! c5tre2 bell-%ap$1 at fir/ compress+ ! gills1 !n exp&$1 until f9ally ! c5tre ( ! cap becomes depress$ or concave4 ,,gills4 ,g5]ally pure :ite1 sometimes creamy or buff2 ne>ly or q equal 9 l5g?1 rigid1 brittle1 break+ into unequal segm5ts if press$4 ,,/em4 ,/\t1 solid or /uff$2 9 sub/ance ! same z ! fle% ( ! cap1 (t5 tap]+ q abruptly to a po9t at ! base4 ,,volva1 r+1 & veil all entirely abs5t at e age ( ! plant4 ,,spores4 ,:ite4 ,,ta/e1 excell5t raw1 l nuts2 ,,odor none4 ,,gr[s 9 woods1 woody pa?s or cle>+s2 (t5 f\nd gnaw$ by squirrels or o!r animals4 ,,to ,,cook4 ,remove ! sk9 z f> z x peels easily1 & wa% ! c5tre ( ! cap clean2 !n place on a gridiron & let !m heat ?r\gh2 butt] pl5tifully1 & salt & pepp] to ! ta/e1 !n place !m 9 a hot di% 9 ! ov51 & aft] broil+ a beef/eak or *ick5 put x !reon t ! gravy may run out & be absorb$ by ! mu%rooms4 ,n4 ,b4 ,! noxi\s memb]s ( ?is family resemble ! escul5t s closely t1 to ! amateur1 ta/+ ea* "o z ga!r$ is ! only guide2 ! hurtful ones be+ always hot & acrid4 ,equal gills1 extreme brittl5ess1 & dry1 firm texture are *>act]i/ic ( ! :ole ,russula family4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,vii4 ,,boleti4 #a4 ,boletus bov9us4 #b4 ,boletus edulis4 #c4 ,boletus scab]4 #d4 ,boletus sub-tom5tosus4 #e4 ,boletus *rys5t]on4 #f4 ,boletus /robilaceus4 ,,description4 ,no4 #a4 ,,boletus ,,bov9us4 ,pileus flat1 smoo?1 viscid2 ! ?91 transp>5t sk9 easily peel+4 ,fle% :ite1 un*angeable 9 color 7/em same color z pileus74 ,tubes :iti% yell[1 yell[ or gray1 %all[4 ,v v>iable 9 size4 ,no4 #b4 ,,boletus ,,edulis4 ,pileus cu%ion-l1 dry1 br[n-gray or drab1 ?ick4 ,fle% :ite1 un*angeable4 ,tubes :ite-yell[ to gre54 ,/em v ?ick1 (t5 abortive 9 %ape1 bulb\s at base1 v pleasant to ta/e4 ,no4 #c4 ,,boletus ,,scab]4 ,pileus bell-%ap$ at fir/ & h>d1 !n broad1 unev51 s(t & flat1 v>iable 9 color f d>k-br[n to r$di% drab4 ,/em r\gh1 scabby1 fibr\s4 ,fle% dirty :ite1 (t5 *ang+ to black4 ,tubes :ite1 ru/y1 (t5 iron-/a9$ 9 color 9 spots4 ,no4 #d4 ,,boletus ,,sub-,,tom5tosus4 ,pileus v v>iable 9 =m1 f bell to cu%ion %ap$2 also 9 color1 f light-br[n or olive to any %ade ( r$4 ,/em t\*$ ) r$1 smoo? or ) light l9es1 (t5 twi/$4 ,fle% & tubes & /em *ang+ to blue :]ev] bruis$ or cut4 ,tubes yell[1 %ad+ at times t[>d gre54 ,ta/es l walnuts4 ,no4 #e4 ,,boletus ,,*rys5t]on4 ,v simil> to ,no4 #d1 except t ! pileus is (t5 brick-r$4 ,! fle% is sulphur-yell[ & sc>cely *angeable1 & ! /em ) m r$4 ,no4 #f4 ,,boletus ,,/robilaceus4 ,:ole plant blacki%1 turn+ r$ :5 bruis$ or cut1 brok5 into ?ick fir-cone segm5ts or scales4 ,tubes :ite or ru/y1 (t5 enclos$ by a veil4 ,,to ,,cook4 ,beat up a batt]1 or simply "s fre% eggs1 lay ! mu%rooms 9 ! same1 turn+ !m s z to h ! liquid adh]e to !m4 ,!n fry 9 hot boil+ fat1 or on a butt]$ griddle1 accord+ to y\r lik+1 ) salt & pepp] to ! ta/e4 ,broil1 bake or s]ve "u meat z 9 o!r recipes "h giv54 ,( ! above1 ,nos4 #b1 #d & #e may be /ew$1 b ! o!rs1 &1 9 fact1 all ,boleti are s moi/ or visc\s t !y are mu* bett] cook$ by dry heat4 ,n4 ,b4 ,all ! above1 & _m o!r v>ieties ( escul5t ,boleti1 h tubes color$ :ite1 gray1 gre51 or yell[2 none are ev5 slightly r$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,viii4 ,,lycop]dace1 ,,or ,,puff-,,balls4 #a4 ,lycop]don giganteum4 ,giant ,puff-,ball4 #b4 ,lycop]don saccatum4 ,little ,puff-,ball4 #c4 ,lycop]don gemmatum4 ,pe>-%ap$ ,puff-,ball4 ,!re are _m v>ieties correspond+ 9 mo/ po9ts ) "s "o ( ! ?ree above nam$1 "s gr[+ on /umps1 b mo/ ( !m appe>+ on s&y soils aft] heavy ra9s4 ,none are poison\s4 ,,to ,,cook4 ,make a batt]1 prop]ly season$ z = fry+ egg-plant1 or beat up eggs = ! same purpose2 cut ! puff-balls into slices half an in* ?ick1 & fry 9 boil+ fat or on a butt]$ griddle4 ,puff-balls are also v good /ew$ ) ! ,copr9us1 or ) ! ord9>y mu%room1 z _! por\s sub/ance absorbs ! /rong] flavor4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,ix4 ,,ag>icus 7,,amanita7 ,,v]nus1 ,,or ,,poison\s ,,:ite ,,mu%room4 ,,description4 ,,pileus4 ,at fir/ ovate or bulb\s1 enclos$ 9 ! volva1 !n exp&$1 always pure :ite1 usually clammy or viscid to ! t\*2 cuticle ?91 sep>able4 ,,gills4 ,pure :ite1 unequal1 free f ! /em4 ,,/em4 ,long1 r\gh or woolly1 /uff$ or a little holl[ t[>d ! cap4 ,,volva4 ,always pres5t4 ,r+ m>k$ at m$ium gr[?2 (t5 abs5t at maturity ( ! plant2 & ! same is true ( ! w>ts or scurf on ! cap4 ,n4 ,b4 ,?is mu%room to _m p]sons has no disagreeable ta/e or smell4 ,x gr[s 9 & on ! bord]s ( woods1 & :5 half op5 may easily be tak5 = ^? 9 ,plates ,i4 or ,,iv41 if att5tion is n paid to ! volva4 ,x is deadly poison4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,x4 ,,poison\s ,,mu%rooms ,,( ,,! ,,g5us ,,amanita4 #a4 ,ag>icus 7,amanita7 musc>ius4 #b1 #c4 ,ag>icus 7,amanita7 phalloides4 #d4 ,ag>icus 7,amanita7 mappa4 ,,g5]al ,,description ,,( ,,above4 ,plant :5 j bel[ ! soil enclos$ 9 a volva or wrapp]1 :i* z x matures rema9s 7#a7 at ! base cont9u+ to %ea! ! /em2 7#b7 9 ! coll> or r+2 7#c7 on ! pileus 9 ! =m ( easily sep>able scales or w>ts4 ,g5]ally free f disagreeable ta/e or smell1 except at decay1 :5 ! v>iety illu/rat$ by figures ,no4 #b & ,no4 #c is putrid & nause\s4 ,gills pure :ite at e /age ( gr[?4 ,pileus v v>iable 9 color1 f pure :ite to bright orange or r$4 ,all conta9 a deadly poison4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,xi4 ,,poison\s ,,or ,,suspici\s ,,boleti4 #a4 ,boletus felleus1 ,bitt] ,boletus4 #b4 ,boletus alveolatus1 ,crimson ,boletus4 #c1 #d4 ,boletus luridus1 ,lurid ,boletus4 ,,figure #a above is v mu* l ,figures #b & #c1 ,plate ,,vii41 ( ,edible ,mu%rooms1 f :i* x is easily di/+ui%$ by its bitt] ta/e & rosy tubes4 ,,figure #b is a di/9ctively ,am]ican species1 & ! au?ority = suspect+ x is f\nd 9 ! fact t all ,boleti :i* h r$ or r$-m\!d tubes h be5 consid]$ poison\s4 ,al?\gh valuable = an illu/ration ( ! lurid ,boleti1 ?is v>iety is probably edible4 ,,figure #c is easily conf\nd$ ) ,figures #d & #e1 ,plate ,,vii41 ( ,edible ,mu%rooms1 if att5tion is n paid to ! color ( ! tubes4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,xii4 ,,poison\s ,,or ,,false ,,*ampignons4 #a1 #b4 ,ag>icus 7,naucoria7 semi-orbicul>is4 #c1 #d4 ,ag>icus 7,/roph>ia7 semi-globatus4 #e1 #f4 ,ag>icus 7,naucoria7 p$iades4 ,,figure #a & ,,figure #b above are ( a small mu%room :i* gr[s 9 lawns & pa/ures1 & is v easily mi/ak5 = ^? on ,plate ,,iii4 ( ,edible ,mu%rooms2 b1 fir/1 !y h no po9t1 b are /rictly orbicul>2 second1 ! gills are always discolor$ 9 age or decay z 9 ,figure #g above2 ?ird1 ! texture is s(t1 & ! mu%room does n dry h>d by ! sun & re-exp& ) moi/ure z a ,m>asmius4 ,,figures #c & #d z also #e & #f illu/rate species (t5e/ f\nd 9 or on manure1 & ! above di/9ctions are equally true ( ^! two v>ieties4 ,! above are n kn[n to be assur$ly poison\s1 b h none ( ! escul5t qualities ( ! fairy-r+ *ampignon4 ,!re are also o!r small fungi ( s(t texture & d\btful quality closely resembl+ ^! :i* gr[ 9 lawns & pa/ures1 & ! object ( ?is plate is to tea* ! amateur to avoid all su*4 ,! suspici\s v>ieties ( ,m>asmius d n gr[ ) ! edible species1 b 9 woods4