,transcrib$ f ! #ahde ,william ,pick]+ edition by ,david ,price1 email ccx#jgdpglaf4org ,! ,claims ( ,lab\r4 ,,an ,,essay ,,on ,,! ,,duties ,,( ,,! ,,employ]s ,,to ,,! ,,employ$4 ,! ,second ,edition4 ,,to ,,:i* ,,is ,,add$1 ,,an ,,essay ,,on ,,! ,,means ,,( ,,improv+ ,,! ,,heal? ,,& ,,increas+ ,,! ,,com=t ,,( ,,! ,,lab\r+ ,,classes4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,london ,,william ,,pick]+ #ahde4 ,!re is =m$ 9 e ?+ a d\ble nature ( good2 ! "o1 z e ?+ is a total or sub/antive 9 itself2 ! o!r1 z x is a "p or memb] ( a great] body2 :]e( ! latt] is 9 degree ! great] & ! wor?i]1 because x t5de? to ! cons]vation ( a m g5]al =m4 ,!re=e we see ! iron 9 p>ticul> sympa?y move? to ! load/one2 b yet if x exce$ a c]ta9 quantity1 x =sake? ! affection to ! load/one1 & l a good patriot move? to ! e>?1 :i* is ! region & c\ntry ( massy bodies4 ,?is d\ble nature ( good1 & ! comp>ative !re(1 is mu* m engrav5 ^u man1 if he deg5]ate n2 unto :om ! cons]vation ( duty to ! public ought to be mu* m preci\s ?an ! cons]vation ( life & be+3 accord+ to t memorable spee* ( ,pompeius ,magnus1 :5 be+ 9 commission ( purveyance = a fam9e at ,rome1 & be+ dissuad$ ) great vehem5cy & in/ance by 8 fri5ds ab\t him1 t he %\ld n haz>d himself to sea 9 an extremity ( wea!r1 he said only to !m1 ',necesse e/ ut eam1 non ut vivam4' ,b x may be truly affirm$ t !re 0 nev] any philosophy1 religion1 or o!r discipl9e1 :i* did s pla9ly & highly exalt ! good :i* is communicative1 & depress ! good :i* is private & p>ticul>1 z ! ,holy ,fai?2 well decl>+1 t x 0 ! same ,god t gave ! ,*ri/ian law to m51 :o gave ^? laws ( nature to inanimate creatures t we spoke ( be=e4 ,bacon's ,advancem5t ( ,le>n+4 ,& well may ma/]s consid] h[ easie a transposition x _h be5 = ,god1 to h made him to m\nt into ! saddle t holds ! /irrup2 & him to sit d[n at ! table1 :o /&s by ) a tr5*]4 ,full]'s ,holy ,/ate4 ,,to ,,h5ry ,,taylor1 ,,esq4 ,,my ,,de> ,,taylor1 ,i h great pleasure 9 d$icat+ ?is book to y1 z ,i "k ( no "o :o1 bo? 9 8 life & writ+s1 has %[n a m pr(\nd & delicate c>e = ! duties ( ! ,employ] to ! ,employ$4 ,p>don me1 if foll[+ ! practice ( ! _w1 ,i see ! au?or 9 8 h]o1 & ?9k ,i he> y speak+1 :5 ,van ,artevelde exclaims-- ,a s]viceable1 fai?ful1 ?\ghtful fri5d1 ,is old ,van ,ryk1 & ( a humble nature1 ,& yet ) faculties & gifts ( s5se1 ,:i* place him ju/ly on no l[ly level-- ,:y %\ld ,i say a l[li] ?an my own1 ,or o!rwise ?an z an equal use him8 ,t ) famili>ity respect ,do? slack51 is a ^w ( common use4 ,i nev] f\nd x s4 ,i h _h "s peculi> advantages 9 writ+ ^u ?is subject4 ,i %\ld h be5 unobs]vant inde$1 if1 ) su* ma/]s z ,i h s]v$ "u1 ,i _h n le>nt some?+1 9 reg>d to ! duties ( a great employ] ( lab\r1 f witness+ _! ev]-fl[+ c\rtesy2 _! c>e = ^? :o came )9 _! sph]e2 _! anxiety1 z ! heads ( dep>tm5ts1 to recognize e ex]tion on ! "p ( _! subord9ates2 & _! ready sympa?y ) ! poor & ! fri5dless1 a sympa?y :i* ! vexations & h>assm5ts ( (fice1 & all ^? ?+s t t5d to turn a man's ?\ghts 9 ^u himself1 c\ld nev] subdue4 ,b1 happily1 x is n only among/ ! high 9 (fice t su* examples are to be f\nd4 ,! _s1 & ev5 "s ( ! v modes ( b5evol5t ex]tion :i* ,i h endeav\r$ to recomm5d1 h already be5 c>ri$ into practice1 & ,i tru/ may be frequ5tly se51 9 ! conduct t[>ds _! dep5d5ts1 bo? ( manufactur]s & l&$ proprietors4 ,i mu/ also say h[ mu* ,i owe to ! excell5t ,reports :i* ( late ye>s h be5 pres5t$ to ,p>liam5t on subjects connect$ ) ! welf>e ( ! lab\r+ classes4 ,x is to be regrett$ t ^! reports are n bett] kn[n4 ,i h made frequ5t use ( !m1 & hope t ! quotations ,i h giv5 may induce my read]s to turn to ! orig9al s\rces4 ,) reg>d to ! subject g5]ally1 x appe>s to me t k ( ! duties ( an employ] is e day becom+ m important4 ,! t5d5cy ( mod]n society is to draw ! family circle )9 n>r[] & n>r[] limits4 ,^? amusem5ts :i* us$ to be %>$ by all classes are becom+ less frequ5t3 ! great "l has put away 8 cr[d ( reta9]s3 ! f>m]1 9 mo/ cases1 does n live ) 8 lab\r+ m53 & ! ma/] has less sympa?y & social int]c\rse ) 8 dome/ics4 ,if ?is be s1 if ! family circle is ?us becom+ n>r[]1 ! conduct ( ^? 9 dome/ic au?ority1 hav+ a m int5se influ5ce1 has ! m ne$ ( be+ regulat$ by ! highe/ s5se ( duty3 &1 ) respect to society 9 g5]al1 if ! old bonds are loos5$1 o!r ties mu/ be fo/]$ 9 _! place4 ,y w n be likely to mi/ake my mean+1 & to suppose t ,i look back ) any fond regret at ! dep>ture ( ! feudal sy/em1 or t ,i %\ld wi% to br+ ! pres5t g5]ation "u its influ5ce4 ,mank9d does n s retrace its /eps4 ,b /ill1 ?\gh ! c\rse ( our race is onw>ds1 ! nature ( man does n *ange4 ,!re is ! same ne$ = protection & c\nt5ance on ! "o side1 & = rev]5ce & atta*m5t on ! o!r1 t !re ev] has be52 & ! fact t society is 9 _m respects m disconnect$ ?an x us$ to be1 r5d]s x ! m necess>y to cultivate 9 ! mo/ wat*ful mann] e mode ( /r5g!n+ ! social int]c\rse betwe5 ri* & poor1 betwe5 ma/] & s]vant1 betwe5 ! employ]s & ! employ$1 9 :atev] rank !y may be4 ,i am afraid x may be said ) ju/ice1 t bo? ?is lett] & ! foll[+ ,essay are s]moni propiora1 accord+ to ,*>les ,lamb's translation1 prop]] = a s]mon3 b x is impossible to dwell long on any su* subject z ! "o :i* ,i h *os51 )\t hav+ to appeal to ! be/ motives ( human endeav\r2 & ! %orte/ way ev5 to ! good :i* is ( a purely physical "* lies (t51 ,i believe1 ?r\gh ! highe/ moral consid]ations4 ,believe me1 ,my de> ,taylor1 ,mo/ truly y\rs1 ,,! ,,au?or4 ,london1 ,july #a1 #ahdd4 ,,! ,,claims ,,( ,,lab\r4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,ma/]s ,,& ,,m54 ,x is a ?+ s common1 z almo/ to be ridicul\s1 = a man to express self-di/ru/ at ! comm5cem5t ( any attempt 9 spee* or writ+4 ,& yet1 trite z ?is mode ( beg9n+ is1 its appropriat5ess makes ea* "o use x z he>tily z if x 7 new & true = him1 ?\gh x might h be5 a common-place = o!rs4 ,:5 he glances hurri$ly across ! wide ext5t ( 8 subject1 :5 he feels h[ inadequate 8 expression w be ev5 to 8 conception1 &1 at ! same "t1 has a ye>n+ desire to br+ 8 audi5ce into ! same m9d ) himself1 x is no wond] if he beg9s ) a few1 hesitat+1 (t repeat$1 words ab\t 8 own insuffici5cy comp>$ ) ! greatness ( 8 subject4 ,happily1 ,i h n occasion to dwell mu* ^u ! importance ( ! subject to :i* ,i am anxi\s to engage att5tion4 ,= a long "t x has be5 gradually em]g+ f ! d>kness 9 :i* x _h be5 left4 ,! claims ( lab\r & ! rights ( ! humble & ! poor h necess>ily ga9$ m ( ! att5tion ( mank9d1 z ,*ri/ianity has develop$ itself4 ,t p[] 0 sure1 9 its gradual encroa*m5ts ^u ! evil nature ( man1 to make its voice he>d 9 ?is matt]4 ,x is a voice :i* may come out ( /range bodies1 su* z sy/ems ( e?ics1 or ( politics2 b m5 may call x :at !y please1 x goes on do+ its appo9t$ "w1 conqu]+ & to conqu]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,p]sons ( a ?\ghtful m9d see+ closely ! falsehood1 ! folly1 & ! arrogance1 ( ! age 9 :i* !y live1 are apt1 occasionally1 to h a great contempt = x3 & ,i d\bt n t _m a man looks ^u ! pres5t "t z "o ( feebl5ess & deg5]acy4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 signs ( an increas$ solicitude = ! claims ( lab\r1 :i* ( itself is a ?+ ( ! highe/ promise1 & m to be rejoic$ ov] ?an all ! me*anical triumphs :i* bo? ^? :o w\ld magnify1 & ^? :o w\ld depreciate1 ! pres5t age1 w\ld be apt to po9t to z conta9+ its especial significance & m]it4 ,b :at d all ^! me*anical triumphs come to8 ,x is 9 va9 t y h le>n$ to move ) d\ble or treble ! velocity ( y\r imm$iate pr$ecessors3 x is 9 va9 t y c %[ new modes ( luxury1 or new res\rces 9 art4 ,! inquir+ hi/orian w give ^! ?+s _! weight1 b w1 nev]!less1 p]sev]e 9 ask+ h[ ! great mass ( ! p 7 f$1 & clo!d1 & taught3 & :e!r ! improvem5t 9 _! condition correspond$ at all ) ! improvem5t ( ! condition ( ! middle & upp] classes4 ,:at a sorry answ] any "o1 reply+ = ?is age1 w\ld h to give him4 ,nor w\ld x be en\gh1 inde$1 if we c\ld make a satisfactory reply to 8 que/ions ab\t ! physical /ate ( ! p4 ,we ought to be able to say t ! diff]5t ord]s ( society 7 b\nd toge!r by l9ks ( gratitude & reg>d3 t !y 7 n l lay]s ( v>i\s col\r$ s&1 b t !y =m$ "o solid :ole ( masonry1 ea* "p hav+ its relation ( use & beauty to all ! o!rs4 ,c]ta9ly1 if we look at ! matt]1 we h n mu* to say = ourselves1 unless x be 9 t dawn+ ( good int5tions :i* ,i h allud$ to be=e4 ,!re is to be f\nd 9 our metropolis1 9 our great t[ns1 & ev5 9 our rural di/ricts1 an ext5t ( squalid mis]y su* z we are almo/ afraid to give he$ to1 & :i* we are glad to =get z soon z we h read or he>d ( x4 ,x may be t our ance/ors endur$1 x may be t _m savage tribes /ill endure1 f> m privation ?an is to be f\nd 9 ! suff]+s ( our l[e/ class4 ,b ! m9d refuses to consid] ! two /ates z analog\s1 & insi/s ^u ?9k+ t ! /ate ( physical & moral degradation (t5 f\nd among/ our work+ classes1 ) ! arabesque ( spl5d\r & luxury :i* surr\nds x1 is a m %ock+ ?+ to contemplate ?an a press+ sc>city ( provisions endur$ by a w&]+ horde ( savage m5 sunk 9 equal b>b>ism4 ,:5 we foll[ m5 home1 :o h be5 coop]at+ ) o!r civiliz$ m5 9 cont9u\s lab\r ?r\gh\t ! livelong day1 we %\ld n1 )\t exp]i5ce1 expect to f9d _! homes dre>y1 com=tless1 de=m$ ) fil?1 su* homes z pov]ty alone c\ld n make4 ,/ill less1 :5 we gaze ^u "s pleasant look+ village1 fair en\gh 9 outw>d seem+ = poets' songs to celebrate1 %\ld we expect to f9d sc>city ( fuel1 scant9ess ( food1 preval5ce ( fev]1 ! heal?y huddl$ toge!r ) ! sick1 dec5cy outrag$1 & self-respect all gone4 ,& yet su* sights1 bo? 9 t[n & c\ntry1 if n ( habitual occurr5ce1 are at any rate sadly too num]\s = u to pass !m by z r>e & exceptional cases4 ,is ?is !n ! inevitable nature ( ?+s8 ,has ! boa/$ civilization ( ! _w l$ only to ?is8 ,d we ma/] ! p[]s ( nature only to let =? a new & fi]ce torr5t ( social mis]ies ^u u8 ,let n su* ?\ghts be ours4 ,pagans1 ! slaves ( de/9y1 might well h held !m4 ,b we _c d\bt t ! conditions ( lab\r1 "u :i* man holds ! e>?1 express ! m]cy & ! goodness1 no less ?an ! judgm5t1 ( ,god4 99 99 99 99 99 ,_m b5evol5t p]sons feel1 d\btless1 v s5sitively = ! sad condition ( ! lab\r+ classes1 & are anxi\sly look+ ab\t = rem$ies to meet x4 ,i w\ld n speak slight+ly ( any attempt 9 t direction4 ,!re are problems 9 political economy1 9 gov]nm5t1 &1 p]haps1 ev5 9 ! adaptation ( ma*9]y1 :i* may be work$ out ) signal s]vice to ! great cause ( suff]+ humanity4 ,x is n my int5tion1 h[ev]1 to dwell ^u su* topics4 ,my object is to %[ :at c be done ) ! means t are at ! pres5t mom5t 9 e body's p[]4 ,_m a man1 :o is look+ ab\t = "s specific1 has 9 8 h&s ! imm$iate means ( do+ great good1 :i* he w\ld be ready en\gh to employ1 if he _h b imag9ation to p]ceive t he possess$ !m4 ,my endeav\r !n w simply be to %[ :at c be done by ! employ]s ( lab\r 9 _! individual & private capacity4 99 99 99 99 99 ,:at an important relation is t ( ,ma/] & ,man6 ,h[ x p]vades ! _w2 asc5d+ f ! l[e/ gradation ( plant] & slave ?r\gh ! /ates ( ma/] & s]vant1 l&lord & lab\r]1 manufactur] & artisan1 till x comes to ! high] degrees ( rule :i* "o cultivat$ man has to ex]cise ov] ano!r 9 ! p]=mance ( ! greate/ functions4 ,see1 ?r\gh\t1 :at difficulties & temptations encumb] ?is relation4 ,h[ b\ndless is ! field ( ?\ght :i* x op5s to u1 h[ inf9ite ! duties :i* x conta9s1 h[ complete an ex]cise x is = ! :ole faculties ( man4 ,obs]ve :at wret*$ness is caus$ by a misund]/&+ ( ?is relation 9 dome/ic matt]s4 ,see ! selfi% c>elessness ab\t ! happ9ess ( ^? ar\nd !m ( m5 n ill-int5tion$1 nor unk9d1 p]haps1 9 _! deal+s ) ! _w 9 g5]al1 b lam5tably unfit = ! managem5t ( a home4 ,!n obs]ve ! effects ( simil> mismanagem5t 9 deal+ ) a c\ntry4 ,look at ! li/less loit]]s ab\t an ,iri% t[n3 y w\ld naturally say to y\rself1 ,surely ?is p h done all t !re c be = !m to d4 ,y walk out ( ! t[n1 & f9d ! adjac5t fields z li/less-look+1 & neglect$1 z ! m5 !mselves4 ,?9k :at a want !re mu/ be ( ma/]s ( lab\r1 t ^? h&s & ^! we$s are n br\ght into clos] contact4 99 99 99 99 99 ,x may be said t ! di/ress$ condition ( ! lab\r+ classes is ow+ to tempor>y causes1 & t good times1 by :i* is meant good wages1 w\ld remove a l>ge "p ( ! evil4 ,i confess x does n appe> to me t a good h>ve/ or two1 or ready cu/om]s on ! o!r side ( ! ,atlantic1 or ! home dem& t may arise f exhau/$ /ocks1 or any o!r cause ( t nature :i* is simply to end 9 bett] wages1 w\ld ( itself d all1 or ev5 any consid]able "p1 ( :at we %\ld desire4 ,i d n1 = a mom5t1 mean to depreciate ! good effects t w\ld fl[ f an increase ( employm5t & bett] wages4 ,b /ill ,i imag9e t !re are _m cases 9 :i*1 if y 71 9 ord9>y times1 to d\ble ! am\nt ( wages1 a v inadequate proportion ( good w\ld foll[4 ,y h to tea* ^! poor p h[ to sp5d money3 y h to give !m ! opportunities ( do+ s to advantage3 y h to provide a sy/em ( education :i* %all n v>y ) e fluctuation ( trade3 & to adopt su* me?ods ( work+ z %all make ! lea/ possible di/urbance ( dome/ic ties4 ,no sudd5 influx ( money w d all ^! ?+s4 ,9 fact1 :atev] "p ( ?is subject "o takes up1 "o is p]petually br\ght back to ! conviction ( ! necessity :i* exi/s = an e>ne/ & practical application1 on ! "p ( ! employ+ class1 ( ?\ght & lab\r = ! welf>e ( ^? :om !y employ4 99 99 99 99 99 ,"s ( my read]s may ?9k t ,i h spok5 ( ! di/ress ( ! lab\r+ population 9 exagg]at$ t]ms4 ,let !m only read ! details ( x 9 ! ,report ( #ahdb1 on ! ,sanit>y ,condition ( ! lab\r+ population1 or 9 ! ,report ( la/ ye>1 on ! condition ( ! *ildr5 & "y p]sons employ$ 9 m9es & manufactures4 ,i sc>cely "k :at extracts to give ( ^! direful reports1 t may briefly convey ! /ate ( ?+s to ^? :o h n /udi$ ! subject4 ,%all ,i tell !m ( *ildr5 ignorant :o ,jesus ,*ri/ 02 or ( o!rs :o "k no m ( ! ,"l's ,pray] ?an ! fir/ words1 ,our ,fa!r3 & ^: nightly pray]s beg9 & end ) ^? two words8 ,%all ,i tell !m ( great t[ns 9 :i* "o half at lea/ ( ! juv5ile population is gr[+ up )\t education ( any k9d :atev]8 ,%all ,i %[ t work+ p are (t5 p]mitt$ to pass _! lab\r "t1 ! half ( _! lives1 9 m9es1 work%ops1 & manufactories1 :]e an atmosph]e ( a delet]i\s k9d prevails3 & ?is1 too1 n f any inv9cible evil 9 ! nature ( ! employm5t1 b f a c>eless or p5uri\s neglect on ! "p ( _! employ]s8 ,%all ,i g into a l5g!n$ description ( ! habitations ( ! poor :i* w %[ t !y are (t5 worse h\s$ ?an bea/s ( burd58 ,or ne$ ,i depict at l>ge ! d>k /ream ( pr(ligacy :i* ov]fl[s & burns into ^? p>ts ( ! l& :]e su* ,want & ,ignorance prevail8 ,h[ _m ( ^! evils might h be5 mitigat$1 if n fully remov$1 _h ea* g5]ation ( ma/]s done b a small "p ( its duty 9 ! way ( amelioration4 ,b x 0 n ( su* ?+s t !y 7 ?9k+4 ,! ?\ghtless cruelty 9 ! _w almo/ outweighs ! re/4 ,:y vex me ) ^! ?+s8 exclaims ! g5]al read]4 ,h we n en\gh ( dismal /ories8 ,x oppresses u to he> !m4 ,let u hope t some?+ w occur to prev5t su* ?+s 9 future4 ,b ,i am n a r$ress] ( grievances4 ,let ^? :o live by ! manufactur+ sy/em cure ! evils incid5t to x4 ,oh t !re _h nev] be5 su* a ?+ z a manufactur+ sy/em6 ,) ?\ghts vague1 recrim9atory1 & despond5t1 z ! =ego+1 does _m a man pu% f him all consid]ation on ! subject4 ,x is s easy to despair3 & ! l>g5ess ( a calamity is s ready a %elt] = ^? :o h n he>t en\gh to adv5ture any opposition to x4 ,?us1 by dwell+ ^u ! magnitude ( ! evils we long to less51 we are fright5$ & soo!d into lett+ our b5evol5t wi%es rema9 z wi%es only4 ,b surely a man may f9d a sph]e small en\gh1 z well z l>ge en\gh1 = him to act 94 ,9 all o!r pursuits1 we are oblig$ to limit ! numb] & ext5t ( our objects1 9 ord] to give full effect to our endeav\rs3 & s x %\ld be ) b5evol5ce4 ,! fooli% slugg>d />es hopelessly into ! intricacies ( ! =e/1 & ?9ks t x c nev] be reclaim$4 ,! wis] man1 ! lab\r]1 beg9s at 8 corn] ( ! wood1 & makes out a task = himself = ea* day4 ,let n our imag9ations be employ$ on "o side only4 ,?9k1 t l>ge z may appe> ! "w to be done--s too ! result ( any endeav\r1 h[ev] small 9 itself1 may be ( inf9ite ext5t 9 ! future4 ,no?+ is lo/4 99 99 99 99 99 ,& :y %\ld we despair8 ,a great nation is nev] 9 extreme p]il until x has lo/ its hopeful _s4 ,if1 at ?is mom5t1 a =eign enemy 7 on ! po9t ( invad+ u1 h[ /r5u\s we %\ld be3 :at moral en]gy w\ld in/antly p]vade u4 ,fa/] ?an ! beacon lights c\ld give ! intellig5ce f headl& to headl&2 f city to city w\ld spread ! national en?usiasm ( a p t w\ld nev] admit ! ?\ght ( be+ conqu]$4 ,tru/ me1 ^! dome/ic evils are foes n less wor?y ( our att5tion ?an any =eign invad]s4 ,x seems to me1 ,i mu/ confess1 a ?+ f> m to be dread$1 t any consid]able "p ( our population %\ld be gr[+ up 9 a /ate ( absolute ignorance1 ?an w\ld be ! dang]1 n new to u1 ( ! comb9$ ho/ility ( ! civiliz$ _w4 ,our trials1 z a nation1 l our individual ones1 are p]petually v>i$ z ! _w progresses4 ,! old ord] *ange?1 yield+ place to new1 ,& ,god fulfils himself 9 _m ways4 ,we h n ! same evils to cont5d ) z our ance/ors _h2 b we ne$ ! same /\tness ( he>t t bore !m ?r\gh ! conte/4 ,! sudd5 gr[? ( ?+s1 excell5t 9 !mselves1 entangles ! feet ( t g5]ation among/ :om !y spr+ up4 ,!re may be some?+1 too1 9 ! progress ( human affairs l ! com+ 9 ( ! tide1 :i*1 = ea* succe$+ wave2 (t5 seems z mu* ( a retreat z an advance3 b /ill ! tide comes on4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! settl$ /ate ( ?+s att5dant ^u peace1 & an unque/ion$ dyna/y1 is good1 z x enables m5 to look m to civil affairs2 b x has1 p]haps1 a drawback 9 a c]ta9 apa?y :i* is wont to accompany x4 ,! ord9>y arrangem5ts ( social life1 = a long "t un9t]rupt$ by any l>ge calamity1 appe> to become h>d5$ into c]ta9ties4 ,a simil> c\rse ( argum5t w\ld1 on a l>ge scale1 apply n only to ?is c\ntry1 b to ! _w 9 g5]al4 ,security is ! *ief end ( civilization1 & z x progresses1 ! =tunes ( individuals are1 ^u ! :ole1 made less liable to d]angem5t4 ,?is v security may t5d to make m5 c>eless ( ! welf>e ( o!rs1 &1 z ,bacon w\ld express x1 may be not$ z an imp$im5t to b5evol5ce4 ,i h (t5 ?\ght1 :e!r 9 =m] times1 :5 m5 look$ to ^? imm$iately ar\nd !m z _! body gu>d aga9/ sudd5 & viol5t attacks1 !y v5tur$ to %[ z mu* ill-temp] to ^? !y liv$ ) z y sometimes see !m d n[1 :5 assi/ance ( all k9ds is a pur*asable commodity4 ,consid]ations ( ?is nature are p>ticul>ly applicable :5 address$ to p]sons liv+ 9 a great capital l ,london4 ,all ?+s t conc]n ! nation1 its joys1 its sorr[s1 & its successes1 are transact$ 9 ?is metropolis2 or1 z "o might m prop]ly say1 are repres5t$ 9 transactions 9 ?is metropolis4 ,b /ill ?is (t5 happ5s 9 su* a mann] z w\ld be imp]ceptible ev5 to p ( va/ exp]i5ce & obs]vation4 ,! c\ntless impulses :i* travel up f v>i\s directions to ?is absorb+ c5tre sometimes neutralize ea* o!r1 & leave a comp>ative calm2 or !y create s complex an agitation1 t x may be next to impossible = u to disc]n & e/imate ! compon5t =ces4 ,h5ce ! metropolis may n at times be suffici5tly susceptible 9 ! case ei!r ( manufactur+ or agricultural di/ress1 or ( any colonial p]turbation4 ,?is metropolitan ins5sibility has "s great advantages1 b x is well = u to obs]ve ! correspond+ evil1 &1 z f> z may be1 to gu>d our own he>ts f be+ r5d]$ apa!tic by its influ5ce4 ,i d n seek to t]rify any "o into a c>e = ! lab\r+ classes1 by repres5t+ ! dang] to society ( neglect+ !m4 ,x is c]ta9ly a fe>ful ?+ to ?9k ( l>ge masses ( m5 be+ 9 t /ate ( want & mis]y :i* leaves !m no?+ to haz>d2 & :o are likely to be )\t ! slighte/ rev]5ce or love = ! in/itutions ar\nd !m4 ,/ill x is n to any fe>1 gr\nd$ on su* consid]ations1 t ,i w\ld appeal4 ,! flood-gates may be /rong en\gh to keep out ! torr5t = our "t4 ,^! ?+s are n 9 our reckon+s4 ,occasionally ! upheav+ ( ! waves may fright5 timid1 selfi%1 m5 into concessions :i* !y w\ld n o!rwise h made2 b ^? :om ,i w\ld seek to influ5ce1 are likely to c\rt dang] & difficulty r ?an to %un x4 ,nor w\ld ,i ev5 c>e to di/urb ! purely selfi% man by dwell+ /udi\sly on any social dang]s ar\nd u1 or lab\r+ to disc]n 9 pres5t di/urbance or di/ress ! se$s ( inevitable revolution4 ,no1 ,i w\ld say to him1 if x all ends "h1 ,b "h1 ^u ?is bank & %oal ( "t1 y may h *os5 wisely4 ,x is true1 !re are s\rces ( happ9ess :i* y n[ "k no?+ (1 & :i* may be f> beyond any selfi% gratification y h ev] exp]i5c$4 ,inde$1 x may be1 t y _c enjoy ! highe/ delights )\t %>+ !m1 t !y are n ?+s to be giv5 out to ea* ( u z individuals1 n[ to ?is man1 !n to t1 b t !y require a community ( love4 ,b1 at any rate1 ,i d n wi% to sc>e y into active & useful ex]tion by indicat+ t y are1 o!rwise1 9 dang] ( los+ any ( ! good ?+s ( ?is _w4 ,! great motive to appeal to1 is n a man's appreh5sion ( p]sonal loss or suff]+1 b 8 fe> ( neglect+ a sacr$ duty4 ,& x w be f\nd "h1 ,i believe1 z else:]e1 t ! highe/ motives are ^? ( ! mo/ su/a9$ effici5cy4 ,b little z ,i w\ld c\nsel despair1 or enc\rage apa?y1 or seek to influ5ce by t]ror1 x is n t ,i look to ! c\rse ( ev5ts1 or any o!r r\nd$ collection ( words1 to d any?+ = u4 ,:at is ?is c\rse ( ev5ts b ! cont9uity ( human endeav\r8 ,& giv+ all due weight to ! influ5ce ( ^? g5]al curr5ts :i* att5d ! progress ( op9ions & in/itutions1 we mu/ /ill all[ l>gely = ! effect ( individual "*1 & individual ex]tions4 ,! ma9 direction t ! /ream w take is manife/ en\gh p]haps2 b x may come d[n ^u long tracts ( level gr\nd :i* x w ov]spread quietly1 or x may ent] into "s rocky *annel :i* w control x2 or x may meet ) "s ineffectual mud embankm5t :i* x w ov]?r[ ) deva/ation4 99 99 99 99 99 ,putt+ aside !n su* phrases z c\rse ( ev5ts1 & ! l1 let u look to m54 ,& :om %all we look to fir/ b ! ,ma/]s ( ,?\ght8 ,surely ! true poet w d some?+ to lift ! burd5 ( 8 own age4 ,:at is ! use ( wondr\s gifts ( language1 if !y are employ$ to en]vate1 & n to ennoble1 _! he>]s8 ,:at avails x to trim ! lights ( hi/ory1 if !y are made to ?r[ no brightness on ! pres5t1 or op5 no track into ! future8 ,& to employ ,imag9ation only 9 ! s]vice ( ,vanity1 or ,ga91 is z if an a/ronom] 7 to use 8 telescope to magnify ! po!rbs 9 8 kit*5 g>d54 ,?9k :at a glori\s p[] is t ( expression3 & :at responsibility foll[s ! man :o possesses x4 ,t grace ( language :i* c make ev5 commonplace ?+s beautiful1 ?r[+ robes ( ! poore/ texture into =ms ( all-attractive lovel9ess3 :y does x n exp5d its g5ius on mat]ials t w\ld be wor?y ( ! arti/8 ,! great int]e/s ( ,man are be=e x1 are cry+ = x1 c absorb all its endeav\r1 are1 inde$1 ! noble/ field = x4 ,?9k ( ?is--!n ?9k :at a wa/e ( high intellectual end[m5ts !re has be5 9 all ages f ! meane/ ( motives4 ,b :at wise man w\ld n r h ! h>mless fame1 :i* y\?s1 on a holiday1 scrat* = !mselves ^u ! lead5 ro( ( "s ca!dral t[]1 ?an enjoy ! und5iable r5[n ( ^? :o1 ) :atev] p[]1 h writt5 f slight or unwor?y motives :at may prove a h9drance1 r ?an an aid1 to ! well-be+ ( _! fell[-m58 99 99 99 99 99 ,b1 pass+ f ^? :o are (t5 ! real1 ?\gh unrecogniz$1 rul]s ( _! own age1 & ! despots ( ! succe$+ g5]ation1 let u turn to ! o/5sible & imm$iate rul+ p[]s4 ,assur$ly ! gov]nm5t may d some?+ t[>ds remov+ "p ( ! evils we h be5 consid]+ z connect$ ) ! sy/em ( lab\r4 ,x seems z if !re 7 a want ( m dep>tm5ts2 & c]ta9ly ( _m m able m54 ,! progress ( any social improvem5t appe>s to dep5d too mu* on *ance & clam\r4 ,i d n suppose1 = a mom5t1 t we c h ! cut-&-dri$ executive1 or legislative1 arrangem5ts t belong to despotic gov]nm5ts2 & x is1 9 "s respects1 a :olesome fe> t we h ( ! int]f]5ce ( gov]nm5t4 ,/ill1 we may recollect t ,engl& is n a small /ate1 nor an inactive "o1 :]e ! public en]gies are likely to be dead5$1 or ov]ridd51 by activity on ! "p ( ! gov]nm5t1 :i* might1 p]haps1 ) mu* safety und]take m ?an x has be5 wont to d4 ,"o ?+ is c]ta91 t x may d great good1 if x w\ld b look out = m5 ( ability to fill ! (fices at pres5t 9 its gift4 ,no gov]nm5t ne$ fe> su* a c\rse z de/ructive to its p>ty int]e/s4 ,9 appo9t+ & promot+ ! fitte/ m51 y are likely to ensure m gratitude ?an if y select$ ^?1 :o be+ ! creatures ( y\r k9dness1 c\ld nev]1 y imag9e1 be o!rwise ?an mo/ grateful = x4 ,weak p are seldom mu* giv5 to gratitude3 & ev5 if !y 71 x is de>ly t y pur*ase _! allegiance2 = !re are few ?+s :i*1 on ! long run1 displease ! public m ?an bad appo9tm5ts4 ,b1 putt+ aside ! political exp$i5cy ei!r way1 x is really a sacr$ duty 9 a /atesman to *oose fit ag5ts4 ,obs]ve ! :irlpool ( folly t a weak man contrives to create r\nd him3 & see1 on ! o!r h&1 ) :at small means1 a wise man manages to h influ5ce & respect1 & =ce1 9 :atev] may be 8 sph]e4 ,i h ?\ght1 = example1 ) reg>d to ! ,suppression ( ! ,slave ,trade1 t among/ all ! devices t c be sugge/$1 "o ( ! fir/ ?+s w\ld be to tempt v sup]ior m51 by l>ge inducem5ts1 to take ! judicial situations 9 ! ,mix$ ,commissions1 or any o!r appo9tm5ts1 9 slave-trad+ p>ts ( ! _w4 ,we may expect great results :5ev] real ability is br\ght into p]sonal contact ) ! evils we wi% x to ov]come4 ,!re is a matt] connect$ ) ! functions ( gov]nm5t :i* seems to be wor?y ( notice2 & t is1 ! di/ribution ( hon\rs4 ,^! hon\rs are "p ( ! res\rces ( ! /ate2 & x is a mo/ sp5d?rift ?+ to be/[ !m z !y frequ5tly are be/[$4 ,x is n m]ely t gov]nm5t gives !m unwor?ily3 x absolutely plays ) !m2 gives !m1 z "o might say1 = ! droll]y ( ! ?+1 :5 x adds a title to "s fooli% p]son1 ^: m]its n ev5 ! ,public ,orator at a univ]sity c\ld discov]4 ,x is idle to talk ( su* ?+s be+ cu/om>y4 ,a great m9i/] w\ld n recomm5d 8 sov]eign to conf] hon\rs on su* p2 & s5sible m5 w\ld be glad to see t ! res\rces ( ! /ate1 9 all ways1 7 dealt ) consid]ately4 ,! above reflections are n =eign to ! ma9 subject ( ?is essay2 = a gov]nm5t1 hav+ at he>t ! improvem5t ( ! lab\r+ population1 or any o!r social matt]1 might direct ! /ream ( hon\rs t[>ds ^? :o 7 ( s]vice to ! /ate 9 ?is matt]1 & s might make ! civic cr[n :at x 0 9 anci5t days4 ,n1 h[ev]1 t ,i mean to say t ! be/ m5 are to be sway$ by ^! baubles4 ,! hope ( rew>d is n ! s\rce ( ! highe/ endeav\r4 99 99 99 99 99 ,!re is a class ( p]sons :o int]e/ !mselves s f> 9 ! condition ( ! lab\r+ population1 z to br+ =w>d sad in/ances ( suff]+1 & !n to say1 ,our ri* m5 %\ld look to ^! ?+s4 ,?is k9d ( b5evol5ce delights to br+ toge!r1 9 />tl+ contra/1 ! condition ( diff]5t classes1 & !n to indulge 9 mu* moral reflection4 ,n[ ri*es are v pot5t 9 _! way2 b a great he>t is (t5 m want$ ?an a full purse4 ,i speak x n 9 any disp>agem5t ( ! ri* or great1 :5 ,i say t we mu/ n tru/ to !m alone4 ,among/ !m are _m :o use _! ri*es z ,god's /ew>ds2 b ! evils :i* we h to cont5d aga9/ are to be met by a g5]al impulse 9 ! "r direction ( p ( all classes4 ,!re are in/ances :]e a man's weal? enables him to set =? m di/9ctly to ! _w's eye "s "w ( b5evol5ce1 ev5 to be ! pione] 9 improvem5ts1 :i* p]sons ( small] =tunes c\ld sc>cely h effect$4 ,9 su* a case great inde$ is ! advantage ( ri*es4 ,b d n let u accu/om our m9ds to ?r[ ! burd5 ( good works on ! %\ld]s ( any p>ticul> class4 ,god has n giv5 a monopoly ( b5evol5ce to ! ri*4 ,:at ,i h j said ab\t individual ri* m51 applies 9 "s measure to associations = b5evol5t purposes4 ,!y are to be look$ ^u z accessories--sometimes v useful ones--b !y are n to be expect$ to sup]s$e private ent]prise4 ,a man %\ld nei!r wait = !m2 nor1 :5 !y exi/1 %\ld he try to ?r[ 8 duties ^u !m1 & indol5tly expect t !y are to ?9k & act 9 all cases = him4 ,:]ev] a /rong feel+ on any subject exi/s1 societies w naturally spr+ up 9 connexion ) x4 ,:at su* bodies h to d1 is to direct _! en]gies to ^? p>ts ( ! matt] 9 :i* x is especially difficult = private ent]prise to succe$4 ,& private individuals %\ld be cauti\s ( slack5+ _! endeav\rs 9 any good cause1 m]ely because !y are aw>e t "s society exi/s :i* has ! same object 9 view4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i come n[ to "s memb] ( t l>ge class ( p]sons :o are n ri*1 nor great employ]s ( lab\r1 nor 9 any /ation ( peculi> influ5ce4 ,he %udd]s z he reads ^? />tl+ in/ances ( suff]+ or crime 9 :i* ! di/ress & ignorance ( ! lab\r+ population w1 occasionally1 break out into ! notice ( ! _w4 ,:at c ,i d8 he exclaims4 ,i feel ) int5sity ! horrors ,i read (3 b :at c "o man d8 ,i only ask him to /udy :at he feels4 ,he is a citiz54 ,he _c be su* an isolat$ be+ z to h no influ5ce4 ,! conclusions :i* he comes to1 aft] mature reflection1 w n be )\t _! weight4 ,if individual citiz5s 7 anxi\s to =m _! op9ions ) c>e1 on ^? que/ions respect+ :i* !y w h to vote & to act1 !re w\ld be little ne$ ( organiz$ bodies ( m5 to c>ry great measures into effect4 ,! ma9 curr5t ( public op9ion is made up ( innum]able rills1 s small1 p]haps1 t a *ild might ) its foot div]t ! c\rse ( any "o ( !m3 b collect$ toge!r !y ru% d[n ) a =ce t is irresi/ible4 ,if ^? :o h actively to di/ribute ! lab\r ( ! _w knew t y1 ! great mass ( private m51 reg>d$ !m n = _! money1 b = _! conduct to ^? 9 _! employ1 n = ! portion :i* !y may contrive to get = !mselves1 b = ! well-be+ :i* !y may give rise to1 & regulate among/ o!rs2 :y !n y\r ?\ghts w\ld be motives to !m1 urg+ !m on 9 ! "r pa?4 ,besides1 y w\ld n /op at ?9k+4 ,! man :o gives "t & ?\ght to ! welf>e ( o!rs w seldom be f\nd to grudge !m any?+ else4 ,aga91 h n y1 ?\gh n manufactur]s1 or ma/]-workm51 or own]s ( l&1 h n y dep5d5ts1 9 ^: behalf y may f9d ex]cise = ! pr9ciples to :i* ,i am conv9c$ t /udy 9 ?is matt] w lead y8 ,y\r reg>d = s]vants is a case 9 po9t4 ,&1 moreov]1 y may %[ 9 y\r ord9>y1 e day1 deal+s ) ! employ]s ( lab\r a consid]at5ess = ^? "u !m1 :i* may awak5 ! employ]s to a m lively c>e !mselves4 ,only reflect on ! duty3 opportunities ( te/+ ! /r5g? ( y\r resolves w n be want+4 ,we sometimes feel ?or\ghly impress$ by "s good ?\ght1 or j example1 t we meet ) 9 /udy or real life1 b z if we _h no means ( apply+ x4 ,we _c at once %ape = ourselves a c\rse t %all embrace ?is newly acquir$ wisdom4 ,(t5 x seems too gr& = ! occasions ( ord9>y life2 & we fe> t we mu/ keep x laid up = "s ev5tful day1 z nice h\sewives _! /atelie/ furniture4 ,h[ev]1 if we keep x close to ! he>t1 & make b ! lea/ beg9n+ ) x1 our infant practice leads to some?+ bett]1 or gr[s into some?+ ampl]4 ,9 real life !re are no isolat$ po9ts4 99 99 99 99 99 ,y1 :o h b few dep5d5ts1 or1 p]haps1 b "o drudge dep5d5t ^u y1 :e!r z s]vant1 appr5tice1 or hir$ lab\r]1 d n ?9k t y h n an ample opportunity = ex]cis+ ! duties ( an employ] ( lab\r4 ,d n suppose t ^! duties belong to ! great manufactur] ) ! population ( a small t[n 9 8 own factory1 or to ! l&lord ) va/ t]ritorial possessions1 & t y h no?+ to d ) !m4 ,! ,se>*] ( all he>ts may make z ample a trial ( y 9 y\r conduct to "o poor dep5d5t1 z ( ! man :o is appo9t$ to lead armies & adm9i/] prov9ces4 ,nay1 y\r treatm5t ( "s animal entru/$ to y\r c>e may be a hi/ory z significant = y1 z ! *ronicles ( k+s = !m4 ,! moral exp]im5ts 9 ! _w may be tri$ ) ! smalle/ quantities4 ,i _c quit ?is "p ( ! subject )\t allud+ m directly to ! duties ( ! employ]s ( dome/ic s]vants4 ,( c\rse ! pr9ciples :i* %\ld regulate ! conduct ( ma/]s & mi/resses t[>ds _! s]vants1 are ! same z ^? :i* %\ld regulate ! employ]s ( lab\r g5]ally4 ,b !re are "s peculi> circum/ances :i* ne$ to be notic$ 9 ! application ( ^! pr9ciples4 ,t1 9 ?is case1 ! employ]s & ! employ$ are memb]s ( "o family1 is a circum/ance :i* int5sifies ! relation4 ,x is a sad ?+ = a man to pass ! work+ "p ( 8 day ) an exact+1 unk9d1 ma/]3 b /ill1 if ! workman returns at ev5+ to a home t is 8 own1 !re is a s5se ( com+ joy & fre$om :i* may support him ?r\gh\t ! we>y h\rs ( lab\r4 ,b ?9k :at x mu/ be to %>e "o's home ) "o's oppressor2 to h no recurr+ "t :5 "o is c]ta9 to be free f ^? h>% words1 & unju/ c5sures1 :i* are almo/ m ?an bl[s1 aye ev5 to ^? natures we are apt to fancy s h>d5$ to rebuke4 ,imag9e ! deadness ( he>t t mu/ prevail 9 t poor wret* :o nev] he>s ! sweet words ( praise or ( enc\ragem5t4 ,_m ma/]s ( families1 m5 liv+ 9 ! rapid curr5t ( ! _w1 :o are subject to a v>iety ( impressions :i*1 9 _! busy m9ds1 are made & effac$ ev5 9 ! c\rse ( a s+le day1 c ) difficulty e/imate ! =ce ( unk9d words ^u ^? ^: monoton\s life leaves few opportunities ( effac+ any unwelcome impression4 ,!re is no?+ 9 :i* ! aid ( imag9ation1 t h&maid ( *>ity1 may be m advantage\sly employ$1 ?an 9 consid]+ ! condition ( dome/ic s]vants4 ,let a man endeav\r to realize x to himself1 let him ?9k ( its n>r[ sph]e1 ( its unv>y+ nature1 & he w be c>eful n to ?r[ 91 unnecess>ily1 ! tr\ble ev5 ( a s+le h>% ^w1 :i* may make s l>ge a di/urbance 9 ! %all[ curr5t ( a dome/ic's hopes & joys4 ,h[ (t51 on ! contr>y1 d y f9d t ma/]s seem to h no appreh5sion ( ! feel+s ( ^? "u !m1 no idea ( any duties on _! side beyond ca% paym5t1 :]eas ! good1 old1 patri>*al feel+ t[>ds y\r h\sehold is "o :i* ! m]e introduction ( money wages has n by any means sup]s$$1 & :i* _c1 9 fact1 be sup]s$$4 ,y w\ld be> ) l5ity f a *ild _m ?+s1 = :i*1 9 a s]vant1 y c f9d no?+ b ! h>%e/ names4 ,yet h[ (t5 are ^! poor1 un$ucat$1 creatures little bett] ?an *ildr56 ,y talk1 too1 ( +ratitude f !m1 :51 if y reflect$ a little1 y w\ld see t !y d n und]/& y\r b5efits4 ,x is h>d en\gh sometimes to make b5efits s9k into m5's he>ts1 ev5 :5 y\r good (fices are illu/rat$ by mu* k9dness ( words & mann]2 b to expect t s]vants %\ld at once appreciate y\r c>e = !m is surely mo/ unreasonable1 especially if x is n accompani$ by a manife/ reg>d & sympa?y4 ,y w\ld n expect x1 if y saw ! *ild-l relation 9 :i* !y /& to y4 ,ano!r mode ( view+ ) *>ity ! conduct ( dome/ic s]vants1 is to imag9e :at mann] ( s]vant y w\ld make y\rself1 or any "o ( ^? :om 9 y\r own rank y e/eem & love4 ,d y n p]ceive1 9 almo/ e "*1 "s elem5t :i* w\ld occasionally make its possessor fail 9 p]=m+ ! duties ( dome/ic s]vice8 ,d y f9d t fai?fulness1 accuracy1 dilig5ce1 & tru? p]vade ! circle ( y\r equals 9 su* abundance t y %\ld be exorbitantly angry1 ! mom5t y p]ceive a defici5cy 9 su* qualities among/ ^? :o h be5 b indiff]5tly br\ght up1 & :o1 p]haps1 h e>ly imbib$ ^? vices ( _! class1 fe> & falsehood2 vices :i* _! employ]s c only hope to eradicate by a long c\rse ( consid]ate k9dness8 99 99 99 99 99 ,i d n speak ( ! conduct ( ma/]s & mi/resses z an easy matt]3 on ! contr>y1 ,i believe t x is "o ( ! mo/ difficult functions 9 life4 ,if1 h[ev]1 m5 only saw ! difficulty1 !y w\ld see ! wor?9ess ( try+ to ov]come x4 ,y obs]ve a man becom+ day by day ri*]1 or advanc+ 9 /ation1 or increas+ 9 pr(essional reputation1 & y set him d[n z a successful man 9 life4 ,b1 if 8 home is an ill-regulat$ "o1 :]e no l9ks ( affection ext5d ?r\gh\t ! family1 ^: =m] dome/ics 7& he has _h m ( !m ?an he c well rememb]7 look back ^u _! soj\rn ) him z "o unbless$ by k9d words or de$s1 ,i cont5d t t man has n be5 successful4 ,:atev] good =tune he may h 9 ! _w1 x is to be rememb]$ t he has always left "o important =tress untak5 beh9d him4 ,t man's life does n surely read well ^: b5evol5ce has f\nd no c5tral home4 ,x may h s5t =? rays 9 v>i\s directions1 b !re %\ld h be5 a w>m focus ( love--t home ne/ :i* is =m$ r\nd a good man's he>t4 99 99 99 99 99 ,hav+ spok5 ( "s ( ! duties ( private p]sons1 we come n[ to ! great employ]s ( lab\r4 ,w\ld t !y all saw ! greatness ( _! position4 ,/range z x may s\nd1 !y are ! successors ( ! feudal b>ons1 !y x is :o lead ?\s&s to peaceful conque/s1 & ^u :om1 9 great measure1 dep5ds ! happ9ess ( l>ge masses ( mank9d4 ,z ,mr4 ,c>lyle says1 ,! ,lead]s ( ,indu/ry1 if ,indu/ry is ev] to be l$1 are virtually ! ,capta9s ( ! ,_w2 if !re be no nobl5ess 9 !m1 !re w nev] be an ,ari/ocracy m4 ,c a man1 :o has ?is de/9y entru/$ to him1 imag9e t 8 vocation consi/s m]ely 9 gett+ toge!r a l>ge lump ( gold1 & !n be+ (f ) x1 to enjoy x1 z he fancies1 9 "s o!r place3 z if t :i* is b a small "p ( 8 bus9ess 9 life1 7 all 9 all to him2 z if inde$1 ! p>able ( ! tal5ts 7 to be tak5 lit]ally1 & t a man %\ld ?9k t he has done 8 "p :5 he has made mu* gold & silv] out ( little8 ,if ^! m5 saw _! position rightly1 :at w\ld be _! objects1 :at _! pleasures8 ,_! objects w\ld n consi/ 9 fooli% vy+s ) ea* o!r ab\t ! gr&eur or ! glitt] ( life4 ,b 9 direct+ ! employm5t ( lab\r1 !y w\ld f9d room = ! ex]cise ( all ! p[]s ( _! m9ds1 ( _! be/ affections1 & ( :atev] 0 wor?y 9 _! ambition4 ,_! occupation1 s f> f be+ a limit$ sph]e ( action1 is "o :i* may give scope to m9ds ( ! mo/ v>i\s capacity4 ,:ile "o man may und]take ^? obvi\s lab\rs ( b5evol5t sup]9t5d5ce :i* are ( imm$iate & press+ necessity1 ano!r may devote himself to m remote & indirect me?ods ( improv+ ! condition ( ^? ab\t him1 :i* are (t5 n ! less valuable because ( _! indirectness4 ,9 %ort1 x is evid5t t to lead ! lab\r ( l>ge masses ( p1 & to d t1 n m]ely ) a view to ! greate/ product ( commodities1 b to ! be/ int]e/s ( ! produc]s1 is a matt] :i* w suffici5tly & wor?ily occupy m5 ( ! /ronge/ m9ds aid$ by all ! atta9m5ts :i* cultivation c be/[4 ,i d n wi% to ass]t a pr9ciple l>g] ?an ! occasion dem&s3 & ,i am1 !re=e unwill+ to decl>e t we _c ju/ly ent] into a relation s meagre ) our fell[-creatures1 z t ( employ+ all _! lab\r1 & giv+ !m no?+ b money 9 return4 ,!re might1 p]haps1 be a /ate ( society 9 :i* su* a relation w\ld n be culpable1 a /ate 9 :i* ! great mass ( ! employ$ 7 cultivat$ & consid]ate m52 & :]e ! common int]e/s ( ma/] & man 7 well und]/ood4 ,b we h n to deal ) any su* imag9>y case4 ,s f> f work+ m5 be+ ! consid]ate creatures we h j imag9$ !m1 x is absolutely requisite to protect1 9 ! mo/ /r+5t mann]1 ! int]e/s ( ! *ildr5 aga9/ ! p>5ts1 :o are (t5 anxi\s to employ _! little ones mo/ immaturely4 ,nay m--x is notori\s t work+ m5 w frequ5tly omit to take ev5 ! slighte/ precaution 9 matt]s connect$ ) ! pres]vation ( _! own lives4 ,if ^! poor m5 d n dem& f y z ,*ri/ians some?+ m ?an m]e money wages1 :at d ! injunctions ab\t *>ity mean8 ,if ^? employ$ by y are n y\r neighb\rs1 :o are8 99 99 99 99 99 ,b1 "s great employ] may exclaim3 ,x is h>d t we ! ag5ts betwe5 ! consum] & ! produc] %\ld h all ! sacrifices to make1 %\ld h all ! lab\r+ population ?r[n1 z x 71 on our h&s4 ,9 reply1 ,i say t ,i h laid d[n no su* doctr9e4 ,i h urg$ ! consum] to p]=m 8 duties1 & tri$ to po9t out to him :at "s ( ^? duties are4 ,z a citiz51 he may employ himself 9 und]/&+ ?is subject1 & 9 direct+ o!rs rightly2 he may1 9 8 capacity ( vot]1 or 9 8 fair influ5ce on vot]s1 urge ^u ! /ate its duty1 & %[1 t z an individual1 he w\ld gladly be> 8 %>e ( any increas$ burd5s :i* t duty might entail ^u ! /ate4 ,he may prove 9 _m ways1 z a m]e pur*as]1 8 conc]n = ! int]e/s ( ! produc]4 ,& !re are1 d\btless1 occasions on :i* y1 ! great employ]s ( lab\r1 may call ^u him to make l>ge sacrifices ( 8 money1 8 "t1 & 8 ?\ghts1 = ! welf>e ( ! lab\r+ classes4 ,8 example & 8 enc\ragem5t may *e] y on2 & z a citiz51 z an in/ructor1 z a neighb\r1 9 all ! capacities ( life1 he may act & speak 9 a way t may indirectly1 if n directly1 support y\r m manife/ endeav\rs 9 ! same good cause4 ,x is to no "o class t ,i speak4 ,we are all b\nd to d some?+ t[>ds ?is good "w4 ,if1 h]eaft]1 ,i g m into detail z reg>ds ! especial me?ods ( improv+ 8 "w-p t a manufactur] might employ1 x is n t ,i wi% to po9t out manufactur]s z a class especially defici5t 9 "r feel+s t[>ds ^? "u !m4 ,f> f x4 ,mu* ( :at ,i %all v5ture to sugge/ has be5 le>nt f :at ,i h se5 & he>d1 among/ ! manufactur]s !mselves4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,social ,,gov]nm5t4 ,suppos+1 read]1 t :e!r y are manufactur]1 ma/]-workman1 own] ( l&1 or private individual1 y are n[ ?or\ghly impress$ ) ! duty ( att5d+ to ! welf>e ( y\r dep5dants2 ,i proce$ to make "s g5]al reflections :i* may aid y 9 y\r outset1 or su/a9 y 9 ! progress1 ( y\r endeav\rs4 99 99 99 99 99 ,&1 fir/1 let me implore y n to delay t outset4 ,make a beg9n+ at once1 at lea/ 9 inve/igat+ ! matt]s to :i* ,i h /riv5 to draw y\r att5tion4 ,x is no curi\s "w ( art t y h to take up2 x requires no nicety ( appreh5sion2 y c h>dly beg9 wrongly1 ,i d n say 9 action1 b 9 ! prep>ation = action4 ,h[ev] little ( ea* day y may be able to call y\r own = ?is purpose1 x is bett] to beg9 ) t little ?an to wait = "s signal "t ( leisure4 ,r\t9e encumb]s u2 our days are fritt]$ away by mo/ m9ute employm5ts t we _c control2 &1 :5 sp>e mom5ts d occur1 we are mo/ly unprep>$ ) any pursuits ( our own to g on )4 ,h5ce x is1 t ! mo/ obvi\s evils g on1 g5]ation aft] g5]ation1 p n hav+ "t1 z !y w\ld say1 to int]f]e4 ,m5 are = ev] putt+ (f ! conc]ns :i* %\ld be de>e/ to !m to a m conv5i5t season1 :51 z !y hope1 !re may be few] trifles to di/ract _! att5tion3 b a great "w1 :i* is to comm5ce 9 ! he>t1 requires n to h ! fir/ /one laid = x1 ) pomp1 ^u "s holiday4 ,x4 is good to h made a beg9n+ ^u x at any "t4 ,! wisdom1 or ! folly1 ( delay is 9 mo/ in/ances l t ( a travell] com+ to a /ream1 & wi%+ to =d x1 yet cont9u+ 8 j\rney along its banks3 & :e!r ?is is wise1 or n1 dep5ds ma9ly on ! simple fact1 ( :e!r he is walk+ up to ! s\rce1 or d[n to ! fall4 ,! latt] is apt to be ! direction 9 ! case ( our g5]\s resolves3 _! difficulty wid5s z ,i we delay to act ^u !m4 99 99 99 99 99 ,?r\gh\t ! progress ( y\r "w1 !re is no?+ t y w h m frequ5tly to be m9dful ( ?an y\r views ) respect to self-advancem5t4 ,to take "o =m ( x1 ! acquisition ( money4 ,money1 z ,*>les ,lamb1 a great despis] ( cant1 obs]v$1 is n dross1 b books1 pictures1 w9es1 & _m pleasant ?+s4 ,/ill ,i suspect t money is m s\ght aft] to gratify vanity1 ?an to possess ! means ( enjoy+ any ( ! above nam$ pleasant ?+s4 ,money is s mu* desir$1 because x is a measure ( success2 s mu* regrett$1 because we fancy ! loss ( x leaves u p[]less & contemptible4 ,t k9d ( satire1 !re=e1 :i* delights to dwell ^u ! g5]al subs]vi5cy to weal? is n likely to make m5 less desir\s ( ri*es4 ,b a man w\ld be likely to e/imate m reasonably ! possession ( money & ( all k9ds ( self-advancem5t1 if he did b p]ceive1 t ev5 a man's worldly success is n to be measur$ by 8 success = himself alone1 b by ! result ( 8 endeav\rs = ! great family ( man4 ,!re is a s\rce ( contemplation :i* nature af=ds u1 "o1 too1 t is op5 to ! dwell] 9 cr[d$ cities z well z to ! %eph]d on ,salisbury pla91 & :i* might sometimes sugge/ ! fooli%ness ( an inord9ate love ( money4 ,consid] ! prospect :i* ea* unveil$ night af=ds u1 tell+ ( wond]s su* z we h h>dly ! units ( measurem5t to e/imate2 & !n ?9k h[ /range x is t we %\ld ev] all[ our petty p]sonal possessions ( to-day to r5d] u bl9d to ! duties1 :i*1 alone1 are ! great realities ( life4 ,!re 0 "s excuse1 p]haps1 = ! m5 ( old5 "t1 :o look$ ^u ?is e>?1 ! bir?-place ( _! gods1 z no mean t]ritory4 ,t !y %\ld dote ^u t]re/rial ?+s 0 n to be wond]$ at4 ,b :at is to be said = u :o "k t ?is small planet is b a speck1 z x 71 f :i* we look out ^u ! pr(usion ( imm5sity4 ,to ?9k t a man1 :o kn[s ?is1 %\ld nev]!less n hesitate to soil 8 s\l1 ly+ "h1 cr++ !re1 pursu+ tortu\s s*emes ( mo/ corrupt policy2 or t he %\ld ev] suff] himself to be imm]s$1 innoc5tly1 if x may be s1 9 selfi%1 worldly pursuits1 =getful ( all else2 :51 at ! be/1 x is b to w9 "s acres ( ?is transitory e>?1 or to be not$ z "o :o has be5 successful = himself4 ,! folly ( ! gambl+ savage1 :o /akes 8 lib]ty aga9/ a h&ful ( c[rie %ells is no?+ to x4 99 99 99 99 99 ,p]haps ! next ?+ t is likely to div]t y f useful endeav\rs = ! b5efit ( o!rs is fe> ( criticism3 y d n "k :at ! _w w say3 inde$1 !y may pron\nce y an en?usia/1 :i* ^w1 ( itself1 is an icy bla/ ( ridicule to a timid m9d4 ,y %udd] at do+ any?+ unusual1 & ev5 he> by anticipation ! laugh ( y\r p>ticul> fri5ds4 ,y are especially a%am$ at appe>+ to c>e = :at ^? ab\t y d n c>e =4 ,a laugh at y\r humanity1 or y\r !ories1 w\ld disconc]t y4 ,y are fe>fully anxi\s t any project ( b5evol5ce y und]take %\ld succe$1 n altoge!r on its own acc\nt1 b because y\r sagacity is emb>k$ 9 x1 & pl5tiful w be ! gibes at its failure1 if x %\ld fail4 ,put ^! fe>s aside4 ,all t is prom95t1 all t acts1 mu/ lay itself op5 to %all[ criticism4 ,x has be5 said t 9 no case ( old age1 h[ev] extreme1 has ! faculty = giv+ advice be5 kn[n to decay2 dep5d ^u x1 t ( criticism fl\ri%es 9 ! mo/ indol5t1 ! mo/ feeble1 ! mo/ dot+ m9ds4 ,let n ! :eels ( y\r endeav\r be /ay$ by accumulat$ rubbi% ( ?is k9d4 ,we are afraid ( responsibility1 afraid ( :at p may say ( u1 afraid ( be+ alone 9 do+ "r3 9 %ort1 ! c\rage :i* is alli$ to no passion--,*ri/ian c\rage z x may be call$--is 9 all ages & among/ all p1 "o ( ! r>e/ possessions4 ,! fe> ( ridicule is ! effem9acy ( ! s\l4 ,great ent]prises--& = y ?is attempt to make y\r work+ m5 happi] is a great ent]prise--great ent]prises dem& an habitual self-sacrifice 9 little ?+s3 &1 h>d z x may be to keep fully 9 m9d ! ent]prise itself1 x is (t5 h>d] /ill to ma9ta9 a j s5se ( ! connection betwe5 x & ^! said trifl+ po9ts ( conduct1 :i*1 p]haps1 9 any s+le in/ance1 seem s slightly & s remotely connect$ ) x4 ,b rememb] x is n always ov] great imp$im5ts t m5 are liable to /umble mo/ fatally4 99 99 99 99 99 ,y mu/ n expect imm$iate & obvi\s gratitude to cr[n y\r ex]tions4 ,! b5evol5ce t has n duty = its /em1 b m]ely spr+s f "s affectionat5ess ( nature1 mu/ (t5 langui%1 ,i fe>1 :5 x comes to c\nt up its returns 9 ! way ( grateful affection f ^? :om x has toil$ =4 ,& yet ! fault is (t5 z mu* 9 ! impati5ce & unreasonable expectation ( ! b5efactors1 z 9 any +ratitude on ! "p ( ! p]sons b5efit$4 ,if y mu/ look = gratitude1 at any rate consid] :e!r y\r ex]tions are likely to be fully und]/ood at pres5t by ^? :om y h s]v$2 & :e!r x is n a rev]sion1 r ?an an imm$iate return1 t y %\ld look =--a rev]sion1 too1 9 _m cases to be realiz$ only on ! dea? ( ! b5efactor4 ,moreov]1 x is useless & unreasonable to expect t any motives ( gratitude w uni=mly modify = y ! peculi> temp]s & dispositions ( ^? :om y h s]v$4 ,y\r b5efits did n repres5t a p]man5t /ate ( m9d3 nei!r w _! gratitude4 ,! s5se ( obligation1 ev5 9 mo/ fai?ful he>ts1 is (t5 dormant2 b evil temp]s answ] quickly to ! lighte/ summons4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 all y\r projects = ! good ( o!rs1 bew>e le/ y\r b5evol5ce %\ld h too mu* ( a _s ( int]f]5ce4 ,consid] :at x is y want to produce4 ,n an outw>d1 passive1 con=mity to y\r wi%es1 b some?+ vital :i* %all g5]ate ! feel+s & habits y long to see manife/$4 ,y c clip a tree into any =m y please1 b if y wi% x to be> fruit :5 x has be5 b>r51 y mu/ att5d to :at is b5ea? ! surface1 y mu/ fe$ ! roots4 ,y mu/ furni% x ) t nutrim5t1 y mu/ supply x ) ^? opportunities ( sun%9e1 :i* w enable x to use its own en]gies4 ,see h[ ! g5]al c\rse ( ! _w is gov]n$4 ,h[ sl[ly are ^? great improvem5ts matur$ :i* our impati5t nature might expect to h be5 effect$ at a s+le /roke4 ,:at tyrannies h be5 "u ! sun1 ?+s :i* we c h>dly read ( )\t long+ = "s direct div9e int]f]5ce to h tak5 place4 ,inde$1 if o!r te/imony 7 want+1 ! cruelties p]mitt$ on e>? pres5t an awful idea ( ! g5]al fre$om ( action entru/$ to mank9d4 ,& c y ?9k t x is left = y to drill m5 sudd5ly into y\r notions1 or to produce moral ends by m]e me*anical means8 ,y w avoid mu* ( ?is fooli% _s if y are really unselfi% 9 y\r purposes2 if1 9 deal+ ) ^? :om y w\ld b5efit1 y ref] y\r op]ations to !m z ! c5tre1 & n to y\rself1 & ! successes ( y\r plans4 ,!re is a noble passage 9 ! hi/ory ( ! fir/ great ,d\glas1 ! good ,"l ,james1 :o1 j be=e ! battle ( ,bannockburn1 see+ ,r&olph1 8 rival 9 arms1 ) a small body ( m51 cont5d+ aga9/ a mu* sup]ior ,engli% =ce1 ru%$ to 8 aid4 ,! little body ( ,r&olph1 says ,sir ,walt] ,scott1 0 se5 em]g+ l a rock 9 ! waves1 f :i* ! ,engli% cavalry 7 retreat+ on e side ) brok5 ranks1 l a repell$ tide4 ',hold & halt6' said ! ,d\glas to 8 foll[]s2 'we are come too late to aid !m2 let u n less5 ! victory !y h won by affect+ to claim a %>e 9 x4' ,x is ! self-d5y+ nature ( ?is *ivalr\s de$ t ,i w\ld apply to f> o!r circum/ances4 ,! int]f]+ _s1 :i* ,i deprecate1 w\ld come1 n to consummate ! victory1 b to h9d] x4 ,= simil> reasons ,i w\ld h y take c>e t y d n adopt m]e rules1 & seek to impress !m rigidly ^u o!rs1 z if !y 7 g5]al pr9ciples1 :i* mu/ at once be suitable to all mank9d4 ,d n imag9e t y\r individual ?reads ( exp]i5ce =m a wov5 g>m5t ( prud5ce1 capable ( fitt+ ) exactness any memb] ( ! :ole human family4 99 99 99 99 99 ,!re are sev]al ung5]\s motives1 ( "s subtlety1 :i* hide 9 ! d>k corn]s ( ! he>t1 & /& 9 ! way ( b5evol5ce4 ,= in/ance1 ev5 9 good m9ds1 !re is apt to lurk "s t+e ( fe>1 or ( dislike1 at ! prospect ( an und\bt$ amelioration ( ! lot ( o!rs com+ too fa/1 z ^! good p w\ld say4 ,inde$1 "s p]sons f9d x h>d to reconcile !mselves to ! idea ( o!rs' burd5s be+ readily remov$1 ev5 :5 !y !mselves are mak+ ex]tions to remove !m4 ,ano!r feel+ to bew>e (1 is t ( envy1 :i*1 /range z x seems1 may sometimes arise ^u ! view ( t v prosp]ity1 :i* ! p]son1 feel+ envy1 has help$ to create4 ,! tru? is1 x is comp>atively easy to avoid be+ envi\s ( ! good =tune :i* 0 e/abli%$ be=e our "t1 or :i* is out ( our own sph]e3 b to be q pleas$ ) ! good =tune ( ^? :om we recollect 9 o!r circum/ances1 & :o1 p]haps1 h be5 accu/om$ to ask advice or assi/ance f u--t is ! trial4 ,ano!r ung5]\s s5tim5t1 simil> to ! =ego+1 & likely at times to prove a h9drance to b5evol5t ex]tion1 arises f ! comp>ison ( our own pa/ lot ) t ( ! p]sons ^: condition is s\ght to be improv$4 ,mo/ ( u h a little t5d5cy to grudge !m ?is amelioration4 ,we %\ld %udd] at ! brutality ( "o1 :o1 hav+ atta9$ to p[]1 is m cruel because he has suff]$ mu* himself1 7eo immitior quia tol]av]at72 b are we n ( a l _s1 if any dissatisfaction /eals ov] our m9ds at see+ o!rs exempt f ^? suff]+s1 :i* 9 our own c>e] fell heavily ^u u4 ,x is difficult to dislodge ?is k9d ( selfi%ness f ! he>t4 ,inde$1 !re c h>dly be a sur] symptom ( s\nd b5evol5ce 9 a man1 ?an 8 tak+ pleasure 9 ^? pa?s be+ smoo!n$ :i* he w nev] h to trav]se aga93 ,i d n say 9 mak+ !m smoo!r--x is mu* easi] to reconcile himself to t--b 9 _! be+ made s )\t 8 int]f]5ce4 ,x w\ld be well1 inde$1 if selfi%ness came into play on ^? occasions only :]e self is really conc]n$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,!re is no?+ :i* a wise employ] w h m at he>t ?an to ga9 ! confid5ce ( ^? "u him4 ,! ess5tial requisites on 8 "p are tru? & k9dness4 ,^! qualities may1 h[ev]1 belong 9 a high degree to p]sons :o fail to ga9 ! confid5ce ( _! dep5d5ts4 ,9 dome/ic life1 confid5ce may be prev5t$ by fits ( caprici\s passion on ! "p ( ! rul+ p[]s2 & a man :o1 9 all important matt]s1 acts ju/ly & k9dly t[>ds 8 family1 may be depriv$ ( _! confid5ce by 8 weakness ( temp] 9 little ?+s4 ,= in/ance1 y meet ) p]sons :o fall into a viol5t way ( talk+ ab\t all t (f5ds !m 9 _! dep5d5ts2 & :o express !mselves ) z mu* ang] ab\t trivial inadv]t5cies z ab\t s]i\s moral (f5ces4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ! same day t !y h giv5 way to "s outbreak ( temp]1 !y may act ) great self-d5ial & wat*ful k9dness2 b !y c h>dly expect _! subord9ates to be at ease ) !m4 ,ano!r defect :i* prev5ts confid5ce1 is a c]ta9 /]ility ( "*1 :i* does n all[ ( sympa?y ) o!r p's fancies & pursuits4 ,a man ( ?is "* does n und]/& any lik+s b 8 own4 ,he w be k9d to y1 if y w be happy 9 8 way2 b he has no?+ b ridicule or coldness = any ?+ :i* does n suit him4 ,?is imp]fection ( sympa?y1 :i* prev5ts an equal f becom+ a fri5d1 may easily make a sup]ior into a despot4 ,inde$1 ,i almo/ d\bt :e!r ! head ( a family does n d m mis*ief if he is unsympa!tic1 ?an ev5 if he 7 unju/4 ,! triumph ( dome/ic rule is = ! ma/]'s pres5ce n to be felt z a re/ra9t4 ,9 a l>g] sph]e ?an ! dome/ic "o1 su* z among/ ! employ]s ( lab\r & _! m51 ! same elem5ts are requir$ on ! "p ( ! ma/]s to produce confid5ce4 ,mu* frankness also & decisiv5ess are requir$4 ,! m un$ucat$ p are1 ! m suspici\s !y are likely to be3 & ! be/ way ( meet+ ?is suspici\sness is to h z few concealm5ts z possible2 = in/ance1 n to omit /at+ any motives relat+ to y\r own int]e/ z ma/]1 :i* may influ5ce y\r conduct t[>ds y\r m54 ,!re is a class ( p]sons br\ght into contact ) ! employ]s ( lab\r & _! m51 :o might (t5 d good s]vice to bo?1 by endeav\r+1 :5 x is des]v$1 to inspire ! m5 ) confid5ce 9 ! k9dly int5tions ( _! ma/]s4 ,?is is a duty :i* belongs to ! cl]gy & pr(essional m5 9 manufactur+ t[ns4 ,!re are _m ?+s :i* a man _c say = himself2 &1 z ,bacon has obs]v$1 x is "o ( ! advantages ( fri5d%ip1 t x provides "s p]son to say ^! ?+s = "o4 ,s1 9 ?is case1 x mu/ (t5 h a v good effect1 :5 a by/&]1 z x 71 expla9s to ! m5 ! k9d wi%es & endeav\rs ( a ma/] manufactur]1 :i* explanation w\ld come ) mu* less =ce & grace f ! ma/] himself4 ,i n[ come to a subject bord]+ on ! =m]1 namely1 ! political confid5ce ( ! op]atives4 ,i am afraid1 t1 at pres5t1 !re is a great di/ru/ among/ !m ( public m54 ,?is is n to be wond]$ at4 ,_! di/ru/ is mu* fo/]$ by ! practice ( imput+ bad motives1 & call+ ill names1 s mu* ! fa%ion 9 political writ+ ( all k9ds4 ,x is n a vice peculi> to ?is age3 inde$1 ,i "q :e!r political writ+ has ev]1 ^u ! :ole1 be5 m well-br$ & consid]ate ?an x is n[4 ,b at all times ! abusive /yle is ! easie/ mode ( writ+1 & ! sure/ ( sympa?y4 ,! skill to make1 & t to cure1 a w\nd are diff]5t ?+s2 b ! =m] is ! "o :i* belongs to mo/ p1 & (t5 attracts mo/ att5tion & enc\ragem5t4 ,?is1 !n1 is "o cause ( ! di/ru/ ( ! work+ classes1 :i* w only be mitigat$ by a high] tone ( moral feel+ on ! "p ( ! p g5]ally4 ,ano!r cause is to be f\nd 9 ! unwise1 if n di%one/1 conduct ( public m54 ,look at ! mode ( proce$+ at elections4 ,i put aside brib]y1 intimidation1 & ! l1 ! wrongfulness ( :i* ,i hope we are all agre$ ^u2 & ,i come to ! intellectual "p ( ! bus9ess4 ,extreme op9ions are put =? by ! c&idates1 (t5 9 viol5t & injuri\s language4 ,ea* /rives to keep /udi\sly 9 ! backgr\nd any po9ts ( diff]5ce betwe5 himself & ! elect+ body4 ,electors are n treat$ z rational be+s2 _! prejudices & _! antipa?ies are pett$ z if !y belong$ to "s despot :om x 0 treason to contradict4 ,:]eas1 if ev] !re is a "t 9 8 life :5 a man %\ld weigh 8 words well1 & :5 he %\ld gird himself up to speak ) tru? & c\rage1 x is :5 he is solicit+ ! suffrages ( an electoral body4 ,t is ! way to anticipate inconsi/5cy2 ! crime ( :i* is m (t5 9 ! ha/9ess ( ! fir/-=m$ op9ion1 ?an 9 ! *ange f x4 ,:at is call$ ! inconsi/5cy1 may be ! r$eem+ "p ( ! transaction4 ,! c&idate is naturally tempt$ to fall 9 ) ! exact op9ions t are likely to ensure success1 & to express !m )\t modification--9 fact1 = ! sake ( 8 pres5t purpose1 to leave z little room = ! ex]cise ( 8 discretion z possible4 ,x is easy = him to make unconditional ass]tions1 :5 no?+ is to be done ^u !m1 b x is ano!r ?+ :5 he has to br+ !m into action4 ,! direction :i* he may wi% to give to public affairs is likely to be met by _m o!r impulses2 & !n he may h to rema9 consi/5t & useless1 or to l9k himself to "s fri5dly impulse :i* br+s him1 h[ev]1 into opposition to "s ( 8 =m] broad & c>eless decl>ations4 ,he has left himself no room = us+ 8 judgm5t4 ,inde$1 "o does n see v cle>ly :y he takes 8 seat among/ m5 :o are met to delib]ate4 ,! evils t mu/ arise f ra% promises at elections are s great1 t x is =tunate :5 ! topics moot$ on ^? occasions1 =m b a small "p ( ^? :i* ultimately come "u ! consid]ation ( ! p]son elect$2 &1 z (t5 happ5s1 t important public matt]s come to be discuss$1 :i* 7 n se5 on ! political horizon at ! election "t4 ,9 addition to ! di/ru/ ( individual legislators1 :i* is1 probably1 frequ5t among/ ! poor] classes1 !re is also1 ,i suspect1 a great di/ru/ among/ !m ( ! lead+ p>ties 9 ! /ate4 ,!y p]ceive ! evils ( p>ty1 & see no?+ on ! o!r side4 ,! mean+ & int5t ( p>ty1 ! way 9 :i* by its means social good is (t5 work$ out 9 a mann] less h>% & abrupt1 p]haps1 ?an by any o!r means t has hi!rto be5 devis$1 are consid]ations probably unkn[n to !m4 ,to address !m ^u su* matt]s w\ld be ?\ght absurd4 ,x w\ld be said1 t philosophical disquisitions on gov]nm5t are = ! closet ( ! /udi\s man1 b n = common p com+ to p]=m a pla91 practical1 duty4 ,great pr9ciples1 h[ev]1 are at ! f\ndation ( all good action4 ,look to ! div9e tea*+4 ,see h[ ! highe/ ?+s are address$ to all classes4 ,!re is no esot]ic philosophy !re--"o ?+ to ! initiat$1 & ano!r to ! out] populace4 ,& s ,i am p]suad$ 9 address+ ! great masses ( mank9d on o!r subjects1 y c h>dly be too pr(\nd1 if y contrive to express y\rself )\t p$antry2 y c h>dly put motives ( too mu* g5]osity be=e !m1 if y d s ) complete s9c]ity & e>ne/ness4 ,all ?is is v difficult1 b :at social rem$ies are n8 ,!y are ?+s to be toil$ & bl$ =2 & :at is f> m1 y mu/ run ! risk ( ridicule1 endure want ( sympa?y1 h ! c\rage to utt] unpalatable tru?s1 & n unfrequ5tly resi/ ! temptation ( say+ su* ?+s z are sure to elicit imm$iate & he>ty approbation4 ,:5 a /atesman has a crav+ = pres5t applause1 x is an evil _s always by 8 side1 b :i* spr+s up to its utmo/ height1 & ov]%ad[s him ) its mo/ baneful influ5ce1 at "s ( ! mo/ critical p]iods ( 8 c>e]4 ,b1 9 addition to ! want ( confid5ce 9 public m5 caus$ by malici\s writ+1 or by _! injudici\s or di%one/ conduct z c&idates1 or by ! ignorance among/ ! op]atives ( ! good uses ( p>ty2 is !re n also a j want ( confid5ce aris+ f ! mode 9 :i* p>ty w>f>e has sometimes be5 c>ri$ on 9 ! legislative body8 ,rememb] t x is possible to intrigue ) int]e/s1 z we call !m1 z well z ) private p]sons4 ,! nice morality :i* w\ld %udd] at ! revelations ( petty intrigue disclos$ by ! di>y ( a ,bubb ,dodd+ton1 may urge on1 & ride triumphantly1 "s popul> cry1 ! ju/ice ( :i* x has nev] paus$ to exam9e4 ,!re are also su* ?+s z a facti\s opposition to ! ,gov]nm5t1 a selfi% des]tion f x1 or a slavi% ob$i5ce to x2 :i* ?+s1 ! p 9 g5]al1 are n sl[ to note1 & (t5 prone to attribute1 ev5 :5 !re is no suffici5t cause = attribut+ !m4 ,b ( all ! ?+s :i* t5d to sep>ate ! op]atives f ! gov]n+ classes1 ! mo/ effectual1 p]haps1 is ! suspicion 7oh1 t we c\ld say t x 0 altoge!r an unju/ "o67 t laws are fram$1 or ma9ta9$1 :i* b5efit ^? classes at ! exp5se ( _! poor] bre?r54 ,we ?9k x a m>vell\s act ( malv]sation 9 a tru/ee1 to b5efit himself unju/ly out ( ! funds entru/$ to 8 c>e4 ,wrongs ( ?is k9d may appe> to be dilut$ :5 ! national prosp]ity is ! tru/-fund1 & ! legislative body is ! tru/ee4 ,! l>g5ess1 h[ev]1 ( ! transaction1 does n dim9i% ! inju/ice ( x1 al?\gh x may soo! ! consci5ce1 or p>tially excuse ! conduct ( any individual memb] ( ! gov]n+ class4 ,by gov]n+ class1 ,i d n m]ely mean ! legislative bodies1 b ,i include ! elect+ body1 :o are ( c\rse equally guilty :5 !y clam\r = :at !y deem _! own peculi> int]e/1 in/ead ( call+ = j laws4 ,& !y may be sure1 t :5 once ! great mass ( ! p are p]suad$ t ! inju/ice :i* ,i h spok5 (1 is a rul+ pr9ciple 9 any gov]nm5t2 t gov]nm5t1 if x lives1 is h5ce=? bas$ ^u fe>1 & n ^u affection4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i %all n[ put d[n a few po9ts ( practice1 :i*1 ?\gh !y are class$ toge!r1 h no o!r l9k ?an t !y all relate to our conduct 9 a family & t[>ds dep5d5ts4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 social gov]nm5t1 no less ?an 9 legislat+ = a /ate1 !re %\ld be con/ant ref]5ce to great pr9ciples1 if only f ! exce$+ difficulty ( =esee+1 or appreciat+1 ! results 9 detail ( any measure4 99 99 99 99 99 ,x is a fooli% ?+ :5 a man s guides himself1 t x is g5]ally suppos$ 9 8 family1 & among 8 dep5d5ts1 t no argum5ts ( !irs are likely to p]suade him to alt] 8 views4 ,su* a "o may fancy t :at he calls 8 firmness is ! ma9 /ay ( 8 au?ority3 b ! ob/9acy1 :i* nev] li/5s1 is n less fatal ?an ! facility :i* nev] li/5s b to yield4 ,if y\r rule has ! reputation ( n be+ am5able to reason1 x is liable to sudd5 convulsions & head/rong di/emp]s1 or to unreasonable cr++s1 9 :i* y\r welf>e1 & t ( ^? :om y rule1 are sacrific$ to ! appreh5sion ( provok+ y\r self-w4 ,moreov]1 ! fe> ( irrational opposition on y\r "p1 (t5 tempts ^? ab\t y into tak+ up c\rses1 :i*1 o!rwise1 !y might h ?r[n aside ^u reflection1 or aft] reasonable conv]se ) y on ! subject4 ,y may h1 9 ! end1 to oppose y\rself /]nly to ! wi%es ( ^? :om y w\ld guide wisely2 b at any rate give y\rself ! *ance ( hav+1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 ! full effect ( any =ces 9 _! own m9ds :i* may be on y\r side4 ,y _c expect to h ^! useful allies1 if y\r wont is to be bl9dly ob/9ate1 & to c>ry ?+s1 on all occasions1 by heavy-h&$ au?ority4 ,! way 9 :i* expect$ opposition acts 9 det]m9+ ! m9d1 is n always by creat+ imm$iate wilfulness3 b a man1 kn[+ t !re is sure to be objection made1 9 any p>ticul> qu>t]1 to 8 tak+ a c\rse1 respect+ :i* he has n made up 8 own m9d1 sets to "w to put aside t cont+5t ob/acle to 8 fre$om ( action4 ,9 do+ ?is1 h[ev]1 he g5]ates1 z x 71 a =ce 9 ! opposite direction3 9 argu+ aga9/ cont+5t opposition1 he is l$ to make ass]tions :i* he is a%am$ to draw back f2 & s1 9 ! end1 he fails to ex]cise an unbiass$ judgm5t4 ,i h gone m9utely into ?is matt]2 b x _c be unimportant = ^? :o rule1 to consid] well ! lat5t s\rces ( human motive4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 address+ p]sons ( inf]ior /ation1 d n be prone to suppose t !re is mu* occasion = intellectual condesc5sion on y\r "p3 at any rate d n be c>eless 9 :at y say1 z if any ?+ w\ld d = !m4 ,obs]ve ! almo/ inf9ite fleetness ( y\r own p[]s ( ?\ght1 & !n consid] :e!r x is likely t education has mu* to d ) ?is4 ,use simple language1 b d n fe> to put sub/ance 9 x3 *oose1 if y l1 common mat]ials1 b make ! be/ /ructure t y c ( !m3 & be assur$ t me?od & logical ord] are n ?r[n away ^u any "o4 ,! rude/ audi5ce1 z well z ! mo/ ref9$1 soon gr[s we>y1 ,i suspect1 ( protract$1 driftless1 tautology4 99 99 99 99 99 ,d n dwell m ?an y c help1 ^u ! diff]5ces ( nature betwe5 y\rself & ^? ) :om y live4 ,consid] :e!r y\r own vanity is n too requir+4 ,see t o!rs h n ! same compla9t to make ( y\r uncong5iality1 t y are1 p]haps1 prone to make ( !irs4 ,if y are1 inde$1 sup]ior1 reckon x z y\r con/ant duty1 to try & sympa?ize ) ^? b5ea? y2 to mix ) _! pursuits1 z f> z y c1 & ?us1 ins5sibly1 to elevate !m4 ,p]haps !re is no m9d t w n yield "s return = y\r lab\r3 x seems ! dulle/1 bleake/1 rock1 n e>? en\gh to fe$ a nettle2 yet up gr[s1 ) culture1 ! maje/ic p9e4 ,a want ( sympa?y leads to ! greate/ ignorance 9 ! intellect z well z 9 ! he>t4 99 99 99 99 99 ,rememb] t y\r dep5d5ts h seldom a full p[] ( reply+ to y2 & let ! recollection ( t make y especially consid]ate 9 y\r deal+s ) !m4 99 99 99 99 99 ,:5 y f9d a lack ( tru? 9 ^? ab\t y1 consid] :e!r x may n arise f ! furi\sness ( y\r own temp] :i* sc>es tru? away f y3 & reflect h[ fe>ful a "p ! angry man may h 9 ! s9 ( ^? falsehoods :i* immod]ate fe> ( him gives rise to4 ,su*1 ,i am afraid1 is ! tyrann\s nature ( ! human he>t t we n only %[1 b really feel1 m ang] at (f5ce giv5 u by ^? "u our p[]1 ?an at any o!r cause :atev]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,x is a mi/ake to suppose t we necess>ily become indiff]5t to ! faults & foibles ( ^? ) :om we live3 on ! contr>y1 we sometimes gr[ m & m alive to !m3 !y seem1 z x 71 to create a correspond+ sor5ess 9 ourselves3 &1 kn[+ t !y exi/ 9 ! "*1 we are apt to fancy t we p]ceive !m ev5 on occasions :5 !y are n 9 ! lea/ br\ght into play4 99 99 99 99 99 ,d n be fond ( ! display ( au?ority1 or ?9k t !re is any?+ gr& 9 be+ obey$ ) abject fe>4 ,"o c]ta9ly meets ) p]sons :o are va9 ( _! ill-temp]1 & ( see+ h[ x keeps ! p ab\t !m 9 ord]2 a species ( vanity :i* !y might %>e ) any wild animal at l>ge4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 reason+ ) y\r dep5dants1 d n all[ y\rself to make broad ass]tions & c>eless conclusions1 m]ely because y are address+ inf]iors4 ,! ,c\rts ( ,reason recognise no diff]5ce ( p]sons4 ,& :5 y wi% to disabuse ! m9ds ( ^? entru/$ to y\r guidance ( any ?+ :i* y are conv9c$ is errone\s1 d n attempt to d s by unmeasur$ condemnation4 ,x is seldom t a secure answ] is giv5 to any !ory1 or sy/em1 except by "o :o exhau/s1 & lays be=e y1 ! good 9 x4 99 99 99 99 99 ,let n y\r =giv5ess be ( t k9d :i* may almo/ be set d[n z =getfulness4 99 99 99 99 99 ,y mu/ n always expect to he> a good explanation ( a man's reason = 8 conduct4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 he does n c>ry su* ?+s ab\t ) him 9 a producible %ape2 "s ( !m he has probably =gott51 al?\gh _! influ5ce may /ill rema9 /rongly ^u 8 m9d2 & su* z he does give1 are likely to be ^? :i* he ?9ks w h mo/ weight ) ! p]son to :om he is speak+4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 giv+ way to selfi% p]sons1 rememb] t y _c sacrifice y\rself alone4 ,any relation 9 :i* y may be plac$ to !m1 especially if y are ! sup]ior1 is n a ?+ t conc]ns y only2 b is1 z x 71 a tru/ = society 9 g5]al4 99 99 99 99 99 ,x is h>d to judge ab\t qu>rels1 = ! po9ts on :i* !y op5ly break out h (t5 no m to d ) ! real gr\nds ( diff]5ce ?an ! place ( a battle ) ! cause ( ! w>4 ,_m a qu>rel1 aft] runn+ = a long "t "u gr\nd1 gu%es =? ) a vehem5ce :i* seems unacc\ntable2 & x is difficult to div9e :at l&s x has pass$ ?r\gh 9 its hidd5 c\rse4 ,any p>ticul> outbreak _c safely be tak5 z an index ( ! g5]al conduct ( ! p>ties t[>ds ea* o!r4 99 99 99 99 99 ,playfulness is a good means ( s(t5+ social di/ances4 ,a /iff1 grave1 man is always 9 dang] ( be+ fe>$ too mu*4 ,on ! o!r h&1 z ! self-love ( _m p is suspici\s 9 ! extreme1 y mu/ expect t y\r mo/ innoc5t playfulness w (t5 be mi/ak5 = ridicule4 99 99 99 99 99 ,x is a duty n to all[ y\rself to ?9k ( any liv+ man1 /ill less to treat him1 z if y\r hopes ( 8 am5dm5t 7 utt]ly dead & gone4 99 99 99 99 99 ,y mu/ n be mu* surpris$ at ! +ratitude ( ^? to :om y h giv5 no?+ b money4 99 99 99 99 99 ,once give y\r m9d to suspicion1 & !re w be sure to be food en\gh = x4 ,9 ! /ille/ night1 ! air is fill$ ) s\nds = ! wakeful e> t is resolv$ to li/54 99 99 99 99 99 ,a mispr\d man resolves to abide by ! evil words :i* he has spok5 9 ang]4 ,?is freez+ ( foam is wilfully unnatural2 & turns a brief madness into a settl$ insanity4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a man ( any wisdom1 9 dome/ic au?ority1 s f> f mak+ l>ge claims to ! love ( ^? :om he rules1 & exact+ all mann] ( obs]vance z 8 due1 w (t5 ?9k ) fe> h[ unwor?y he is ( ! affection ev5 ( ! dulle/ & lea/-gift$ creature ab\t him4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 comm5t+ on any error ( an ag5t or dep5dant1 bew>e ( mak+ y\r own vexation1 & n ! real (f5ce1 ! measure ( y\r blame4 ,?is is a mo/ frequ5t s\rce ( inju/ice1 & "o1 moreov]1 :i* t5ds to prev5t any?+ l consi/5t tra9+4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! poor1 ! humble1 & y\r dep5dants1 w (t5 be afraid to ask _! due f y3 be ! m m9dful ( x y\rself4 99 99 99 99 99 ,) :at degree ( satisfaction d y feel t y c\ld meet ^? p]sons 9 a future /ate ov] :om y h any influ5ce n[8 ,y\r he>t's answ] to ?is "q is some:at ( a te/ ( y\r behavi\r t[>ds !m4 99 99 99 99 99 ,h[ ready we %\ld (t5 be to =give ^? :o are angry ) u1 if we c\ld only see h[ mu* ( _! ang] arises f vexation ) !mselves = hav+ begun to be angry at all4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i am n sorry to introduce a maxim1 l ! above1 :i* relates1 p]haps1 r m to dep5dants ?an to ^? 9 au?ority1 & :i* claims a place among precepts on social gov]nm5t1 only z x may t5d to promote social h>mony & peace4 ,i h n attempt$1 ?r\gh\t1 to give any acc\nt ( ! duties ( dep5dants1 :i*1 h[ev]1 are easily inf]r$ z supplem5t>y to ! duties ( ma/]s4 ,x is n to be suppos$ t any relation 9 life is "o-sid$1 t k9dness is to be met by indiff]5ce1 or t loyalty to ^? :o lead u is n a duty ( ! highe/ ord]4 ,b1 =tunately1 ! pron5ess ( m5 to reg>d ) fav\r ^? put 9 au?ority ov] !m is v /rong2 & ,i h b little fe> ( f9d+ any l>ge body ( ?\ghtful & k9d ma/]s suff]+ f p]man5t indiff]5ce1 or +ratitude1 on ! "p ( _! dep5dants4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i _c close ! *apt] bett] ?an by entreat+ ^?1 :o are endeav\r+ to c>ry on any sy/em ( b5evol5ce1 to be v wat*ful 9 ! managem5t ( details1 & to /r5g!n !mselves aga9/ any feel+s ( disgu/ & we>9ess :i* may encroa* ^u !m1 :5 _! und]tak+ has lo/ ! attraction ( novelty4 ,details are l ! fibres at ! root ( a tree3 )\t _! aid ! tree w\ld h b little hold aga9/ ! w9d3 !y are ! *annels = its t]re/rial nutrim5t2 !y are its ties to e>?1 its home & bir?-place2 &1 insignificant z !y seem1 x c\ld live almo/ bett] )\t light ?an )\t !m4 ,"h x is t practical wisdom comes 9--t faculty1 )\t :i*1 ! greate/ gifts may s]ve to make a noise & a flame1 & no?+ m4 ,x holds its object nei!r too ne>1 nor too f> (f2 )\t exagg]at+ trifles1 x c see t small ?+s may be ess5tial to ! successful application ( great pr9ciples2 x is mod]ate 9 its expectations2 does n imag9e t all m5 mu/ be full ( its projects2 & holds its c\rse ) calmness1 ) hope1 & ) humility4 ,y mu/ n ent] ^u a c>e] ( usefulness )\t expect+ innum]able vexations & crosses to affect ! details ( any project or sy/em y may und]take4 ,& :5 ! novelty ( y\r purpose has some:at worn (f1 & y h to meet ) ! hone/ opposition ( o!r m9ds1 z well z to cont5d aga9/ _! vanity1 _! selfi%ness1 & _! unreasonabl5ess1 x requires a high & full s\rce = y\r b5evol5ce to fl[ f1 if x w\ld be> d[n ^! annoyances4 ,ev5 :5 !y _c dry up ! /ream1 or *ange its curr5t1 if y are n wat*ful ov] y\rself1 !y may make x fl[ m feebly4 ,! v prospect ( success is to "s m9ds a great temptation to make !m slack5 _! ef=ts4 ,?r\gh\t ! c\rse ( our pursuit1 we are nev]1 p]haps1 s prone to be we>y & to rep9e1 z :5 we beg9 to feel sure ( ultimate success1 b at ! same "t to p]ceive1 t a long & def9ite p]iod mu/ elapse be=e ! completion ( our und]tak+4 ,aga9/ ! _m temptations t beset a man 9 su* a c>e]1 ,i d n believe t any good feel+1 :i* /&s ^u no o!r ?an m]e human relations1 w be f\nd a suffici5t support4 ,no s5tim5tal b5evol5ce w d2 nor ev51 at all times1 a w>m & e>ne/ philan?ropy3 !re mu/ be ! inexorable s5se ( duty aris+ f a man's appreh5sion1 if b 9 a feeble degree1 ( 8 relation t[>ds ,god1 z well z to 8 fell[ man4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,lab\r ,,9 ,,factories4 ,! two =m] *apt]s h be5 giv5 to ! consid]ation ( ! relation betwe5 ! employ] ( lab\r & ! lab\r+ man1 & to g5]al reflections ^u ! duties aris+ f t relation4 ,let u n[ take a p>ticul> in/ance1 ! employm5t ( lab\r 9 manufactures = example1 & g ?r\gh "s ( ! m obvi\s po9ts to :i* ! ma/] might 9 t case direct 8 att5tion b5eficially4 #a4 ,,! ,,mill4 ,x w\ld seem an obvi\s ?+ en\gh1 t :5 a man collects a numb] ( 8 fell[-m5 toge!r to "w = him1 x w\ld be "r to provide a suffici5t supply ( air = !m4 ,b ?is does n appe> to h be5 consid]$ z an axiom2 &1 9 tru?1 we _c mu* wond] at ?is neglect1 :5 we f9d t ^? :o h to provide = ! amusem5t ( m51 & :o w\ld be likely1 !re=e to consult ! heal? & conv5i5ce ( ^? :om !y br+ toge!r1 %\ld s$ul\sly %ut out ! pure air1 z if !y dislik$ lett+ any?+ 9 t did n pay = admission4 ,9 mo/ grievances1 ! p aggriev$ are v s5sible at ! "t ( ! evil !y are und]go+2 :i* is n1 h[ev]1 ! case ) ^? :o suff] f an impure atmosph]e4 ,!y are1 9 g5]al1 almo/ unconsci\s ( :at !y are endur+4 ,?is makes x ! m desirable1 9 ! case we are consid]+1 t ! manufactur] himself1 or ! gov]nm5t1 or ! community at l>ge1 %\ld be alive to ! mis*ief aris+ f want ( v5tilation 9 ^! cr[d$ assemblages ( m51 & to ! absolute necessity ( provid+ rem$ies = x4 ,?is w n be an inappropriate place = say+ some?+ ab\t ! non-int]f]5ce pr9ciple4 ,!re is no d\bt t int]f]5ce has (t5 be5 mo/ tyrann\s & absurd1 t our ance/ors1 = in/ance1 sometimes int]f]$ only to insi/ ^u impossibilities1 & t we may occasionally d ! same4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 ! let-alone pr9ciple proce$s ^u ! supposition1 n only t e body kn[s 8 own int]e/ be/1 or if n1 t 8 fre$om ( action is ( m importance ?an 8 act+ wisely1 :i* is (t5 true2 b x also goes on to assume t e body kn[s & w take j c>e ( ! welf>e ( o!rs4 ,pu% ei!r pr9ciple to any great l5g?2 & y w f9d y\rself 9 ! l& ( confusion & absurdity4 ,9 tru?1 ,i %\ld seldom l to say any?+ ab\t ! wisdom1 or ! folly1 ( int]f]5ce1 until ,i knew exactly :at x 0 ab\t1 & h[ f> y int5d$ to int]f]e4 ,x is "o ( ^? matt]s 9 :i* x is especially desirable to keep 9 m9d ^? maxims ( prud5ce1 respect+ ! application ( g5]al rules to moral que/ions1 :i* ,burke has h&l$ s admirably4 ,no?+ univ]sal1 he obs]ves1 c be rationally affirm$ on any moral1 or any political subject4 ,pure metaphysical ab/raction does n belong to ^! matt]s4 ,! l9es ( morality are n l ideal l9es ( ma!maticks4 ,!y are broad & deep z well z long4 ,!y admit ( exceptions2 !y dem& modifications4 ,^! exceptions & modifications are n made by ! process ( logic1 b by ! rules ( prud5ce4 ,prud5ce is n only ! fir/ 9 rank ( ! virtues political & moral1 b %e is ! director1 ! regulator1 ! /&>d ( !m all4 ,to take a p>ticul> in/ance ( legislative int]f]5ce1 namely1 ! enactm5ts ab\t build+ p>ty-walls1 c any "o d\bt t ?is int]f]5ce has be5 mo/ b5eficial8 ,does any "o suppose t1 )\t x1 ! same good results w\ld h be5 ga9$8 ,w\ld ! prud5ce ( private individuals ev] h accompli%$ x8 ,besides1 ,i ?9k x c h>dly be d5i$ t a /ate %\ld h a degree ( provid5ce = ! g5]al body1 n to be expect$ f private individuals1 & :i* might compel !m to d ?+s t w\ld n consort ) _! int]e/ ev5 ^u ! mo/ enl>g$ views :i* !y c\ld take ( x4 ,! f9ancial affairs ( ! nation are conduct$ ) no slight app>atus ( intrusion & vexation4 ,we endure ?is pati5tly3 inde$1 9 _m cases1 x is difficult to see h[ x c\ld be obviat$4 ,surely we may submit to "s simple sanit>y regulations1 especially ( t k9d :i* may be comp>$ to indirect taxation1 requir+ to be att5d$ to only by a c]ta9 class ( p]sons ( daily exp]i5ce 9 ! matt]4 ,su* are regulations ) respect to build+1 :i* ne$ to be look$ to 9 ! fir/ in/ance2 & !n ! results ( !m rema9 = ev] aft]w>ds a great ga9 to public heal? & morals4 ,i am speak+ n[ r ( ! "q ( annoyance1 ?an ( loss1 f legislative int]f]5ce4 ,( c\rse1 9 ?is matt] ( build+1 x is easy to p]ceive t limits mu/ c>efully be put to ! ext5t ( int]f]5ce ) a view to keep+ d[n ! exp5se4 ,if ?is is n done1 ! :ole purpose ( ! regulations may be defeat$4 ,b ev5 9 ?is1 x is possible to be too nice ) respect to int]f]+ ) :at are call$ ! rights ( prop]ty1 or too mu* afraid ( creat+ an artificial de>ness by regulations1 _m ( :i* w 9 ! end be f\nd to be a great sav+4 ,b to resume ! subject ( ! ,mill4 ,ea* bran* ( manufactures has its peculi> dang]s & disadvantages2 & x behoves ! ma/] to be frequ5tly direct+ 8 att5tion to rem$y ! peculi> evils ( 8 manufacture4 ,he is to be ! pione] to f9d out = 8 m5 ways ( avoid+ ^! evils4 ,x _c be 8 duty to /udy only h[ to make 8 fabric *eap]1 & n to take any pa9s to see h[ x c be made to co/ less ( human life4 ,h[ev]1 if a man has once got a j view ( 8 position z an employ] ( lab\r1 he w n ne$ to be urg$ 9 ?is matt]1 b mu/ see at once t ! heal? ( 8 m5 is "o ( ! fir/ ?+s = him to look to4 ,:at w\ld y ?9k ( a comm&] :o 0 c>eless ( ! heal? ( 8 army1 m]ely because he _h an indef9ite p[] ( recruit+8 ,9 a ?ickly-peopl$ c\ntry l ?is1 an employ] ( lab\r1 if 8 "w does n require mu* skill1 c g5]ally get any numb] ( m5 to s]ve him1 :i* w\ld be a /range reason1 h[ev]1 = mak+ ! heal? ( anyone among/ ^? :om he does employ less preci\s 9 8 eyes4 ,human lab\r may be ev] s abundant1 b human life _c be *eap4 ,:ile we are talk+ ( ! ,mill1 x may be well to obs]ve t ! sy/em ( piecework1 :5 x is done by a man ) *ildr5 "u him1 is likely to be made too sev]e "w = !m4 ,x is a h>d fate1 inde$1 = *ildr5 to be always "u ! eye ( "o ^: int]e/ x is to get z mu* "w out ( !m z possible4 ,! above rem>ks1 h[ev]1 apply ev5 m to piece-"w done at home ?an at ! mill4 ,! next ?+ to be m5tion$ 9 connexion ) ! ,mill is ! "t ( lab\r4 ,?is is a great "q1 embrac+ _m consid]ations :i* x w\ld be q =eign to my purpose to ent] ^u "h4 ,b ,i may obs]ve t !re is mu* 9 ?is matt] :i* might be done by ! ma/]s1 individually1 & collectively4 ,!y h to consid] h[ ! "t t !y may get = ! recreation ( _! m5 is to be apportion$4 ,= in/ance1 :e!r x is bett] to give x 9 :ole days1 or by half-days1 or to spread x ov] ! ord9>y days ( "w4 ,^! are que/ions t _c be answ]$ )\t mu* ?\ght & k respect+ ! social habits ( ! lab\r+ p4 ,all t we h address$ to ! manufactur] on ! subject ( 8 ,mill1 applies ev5 m cog5tly to ! m9or sup]9t5d5t ( lab\r & 8 work%op4 ,!re1 ! evils compla9$ ( are (t5 f> great]4 ,v5tilation is less att5d$ to2 less pa9s are tak5 to dim9i% ! peculi> dang]s ( ! craft2 ! h\rs ( lab\r are m num]\s2 & ! *ildr5 sometimes expos$ to cruelties utt]ly unhe>d ( 9 factories4 ,read ! evid5ce respect+ ! employm5t ( mill9]s1 & y w wi% t dresses c\ld be made up1 z well z ! mat]ials made = !m1 9 factories4 ,alas6 :at a /rik+ in/ance ! treatm5t ( ^! poor mill9] girls is ( ! neglect ( duty on ! "p ( employ]s3 ,i mean ( ^? :o imm$iately sup]9t5d ?is bran* ( lab\r1 & ( ^? :o cause x4 ,_h ! =m] be5 ! lea/ aw>e ( _! responsibility1 w\ld !y h hesitat$ to remon/rate aga9/ ! unreasonable ord]s ( _! cu/om]s8 ,&1 z = ! latt]1 = ! ladies :o expect su* ord]s to be compli$ )1 h[ sublimely inconsid]ate ( ! com=t ( ^? b5ea? !m !y mu/ h become4 ,i repeat x aga93 ! c>eless cruelty 9 ! _w almo/ outweighs ! re/4 #b4 ,,! ,,s*ool-,,room4 ,"s manufactur] may ?9k t ?is bran* ( ! matt] does n belong to him1 z he does n employ *ildr5 ( ! age :i* makes x incumb5t ^u him by law to h any?+ to d ) _! s*ool+4 ,b ,i w\ld v5ture to sugge/ t x is a matt] :i* belongs to all ( u1 &1 especially1 to ^? :o are able to pay att5tion to ! habits ( l>ge masses ( p1 put1 z x 71 "u _! c>e4 ,suppose t !re _h be5 no su* ?+ 9 ! _w's hi/ory z a decl9e & fall ( ! ,roman ,empire4 ,9 ! c\rse ( "t1 ?\gh we %\ld probably h _h our ,domitians & our ,n]os1 we might h delight$ 9 a mod]n ,trajan or an ,anton9e4 ,"u su* a man1 ! progress ( lett]s1 hav+ proce$$ 9 any ?+ l ! mann] t x has done1 we %\ld h _h "s g5]al sy/em ( national education1 :i*1 aft] ! ,roman fa%ion ( complet5ess1 w\ld h trav]s$ ! /ate1 ) iron /ep1 d\btless ev5 to ! remote ends ( b>b>ian ,brita94 ,to say t ?is w\ld n h be5 a signal b5efit to mank9d w\ld be idle3 :at we h to say aga9/ ! despotic sy/em is1 t x absorbs private virtue1 & suppresses private endeav\r2 t ?\gh x may create bett] ma*9es1 x c]ta9ly makes worse m54 ,n[ !n to br+ ^! imag9+s home2 = !y d conc]n u closely4 ,my read]s are1 to a c]ta9 ext5t1 educat$2 !y w h ga9$ by liv+ 9 a free /ate2 b if !y cont9ue to neglect ! welf>e ( ! great mass1 9 respect ( education1 c !y say t ?is1 ! fir/ lay] ( ! nation1 ! turba ,remi1 might n almo/ wi%1 if !y c\ld compreh5d ! "q1 to live "u a despot :o w\ld educate !m1 r ?an ) free m5 :o d n8 ,are we to enjoy ! s+ul> fre$om ( spee* & action1 :i* we d enjoy 9 ?is c\ntry1 & to expect to h no sacrifice to make = x8 ,is lib]ty1 ! fir/ ( possessions1 to h no duties correspond+ to its invaluable rights8 ,&1 9 f9e1 ought x n to be "s drawback on ! enjoym5t ( our own fre$om1 if a d\bt c come across our m9ds :e!r a va/ mass ( our fell[ citiz5s might n be ! bett] = liv+ "u a despotic gov]nm5t8 ,^! are v s]i\s que/ions2 & ! soon] we are able1 ) a good consci5ce1 to give a satisfactory answ] to !m1 ! bett]4 ,till t "t1 let no man 9 ?is c\ntry say t ! education ( ! p is no?+ to him4 ,b h[ /range x is t m5 %\ld require to be urg$ to ?is good "w ( education4 ,! caus+ *ildr5 to be taught is a ?+ s full ( joy1 ( love1 ( hope1 t "o wond]s h[ su* a gladsome pa? ( b5evol5ce c\ld ev] h be5 unfrequ5t$4 ,! delight ( educat+ is l t ( cultivat+ ne> ! fruitful ,nile1 :]e se$ "t & h>ve/ come s close toge!r4 ,& :5 "o looks =w>d to ! indef9ite ext5sion t any ef=ts 9 ?is direction may probably enjoy1 "o is apt to feel z if no?+ else 7 important1 & to be incl9$ to exp5d all "o's en]gies 9 ?is "o c\rse4 ,inde$1 x is h>d to e/imate ! enorm\s b5efit ( enabl+ a man to commune ) ! mo/ exalt$ m9ds ( all "t1 to read ! mo/ significant records ( all ages1 to f9d t o!rs h felt & se5 & suff]$ z himself1 to ext5d 8 sympa?y ) 8 bro!r-man1 8 insight into nature1 8 k ( ! ways ( ,god4 ,n[ ! above is b a poor description ( :at ! humble/ education (f]s4 ,let u n[ consid] ! subject ( ! s*ool-room m 9 detail4 ,&1 ! fir/ rem>k ,i h to make1 is1 t we %\ld p]petually recal to m9d ! nature ( our own ?\ghts1 & s5sations1 at ! e>ly p]iods ( life 9 :i* ^? are :om we are try+ to educate4 ,?is w make u c>eful n to we>y *ildr5 ) ^? ?+s :i* we long to impress mo/ ^u !m4 ,! repetition ( words1 :atev] !y may conta91 is (t5 l ! succession ( waves 9 a rec$+ tide1 :i* makes less ( an inroad at ea* pulsation4 ,x is diff]5t :5 an idea1 or /ate ( feel+1 is repeat$ by conduct ( v>i\s k9ds3 t is mo/ impressive4 ,if a *ild1 = in/ance1 is br\ght up :]e !re is a p]vad+ idea ( any k9d1 manife/$ z x w be 9 _m ways1 ! idea is introduc$ aga9 & aga9 )\t we>isom5ess1 & ! *ild imbibes x unconsci\sly4 ,b m]e maxims1 embrac+ ?is idea1 w\ld v likely h ga9$ no additional influ5ce ) him f be+ con/antly repeat$3 t is1 at ! "t2 =1 9 aft] ye>s1 ! maxims may1 p]haps1 fa/5 ^u 8 m9d ) a peculi> /r5g?1 simply f _! hav+ be5 (t5 repeat$ to him at an e>ly p]iod ( 8 life4 ,b at pres5t ?is repetition may be ( imm5se diss]vice4 ,y _c cont9ue to produce ! same effect by words1 t y did on fir/ us+ !m2 & (t5 y g on hamm]+ ab\t a ?+ until y loos5 :at 0 fa/ 9 ! fir/ in/ance4 ,x is well to keep su* reflections /eadily 9 m9d z reg>ds religi\s in/ruction = ! "y1 &1 especially1 z reg>ds religi\s s]vices = !m4 ,g back to y\r own y\?1 & recollect h[ little comm& ( att5tion y _h y\rself1 h[ volatile y 71 h[ anxi\s to escape all t$ium1 h[ we>y ( words1 h[ apt to dislike r\t9e4 ,!n see :e!r y make suffici5t all[ance = ^! feel+s 9 deal+ ) ! "y2 & :e!r x might n be possible to give !m ! same holy precepts1 to communicate ! same ext5t1 or ne>ly s1 ( religi\s in/ruction1 & yet to ensure _! love = ! times1 & places1 & circum/ances1 ( ?is communication4 ,y mu/ all[ t y d a v dang]\s ?+ inde$1 :5 y make t we>isome :i* y wi% to be mo/ lov$4 ,i mu/ confess t x has (t5 /ruck me1 t we insi/ ^u too mu* religi\s att5dance f *ildr5 ( a t5d] age2 &1 consid]+ :at we "k ( ! impati5ce ( ! human m9d1 ,i _c b ?9k t su* a sy/em is (t5 mo/ prejudicial4 ,i say ^! ?+s ) mu* hesitation1 & "s fe> ( be+ misund]/ood2 & ,i d n v5ture to ent] into details1 or to presume to say :at %\ld be ! exact c\rse 9 s difficult a "q4 ,:at ,i wi%1 is to draw ! att5tion ( ^? engag$ 9 in/ruction to a po9t ( view :i* may sometimes escape !m1 or :i* !y may be tempt$ to neglect = ! sake ( appe>ances1 ! h\sehold gods ( ?is g5]ation4 99 99 99 99 99 ,!re is "o maxim :i* ^? :o sup]9t5d s*ools %\ld pond] well2 & t is1 t ! be/ ?+s to be le>nt are ^? :i* ! *ildr5 _c be exam9$ ^u4 ,"o _c b fe> t ! ma/]s w be apt to ?9k s*ool-pr(ici5cy all 9 all2 & t ! f\nd]s & support]s ( s*ools w1 occasionally1 be tempt$ by vanity to take mo/ int]e/ 9 ^? ?+s :i* give mo/ opportunity = display4 ,yet ! slighte/ inf]iority ( moral tone 9 a s*ool w\ld be ill comp5sat$ = by an exp]tness1 almo/ m>vell\s1 9 deal+ ) figures2 or a k ( names1 ?+s1 & places1 :i* may well conf\nd ! gr[n-up by/&]4 ,t s*ool w\ld 9 reality be ! "o to be pr\d (1 :]e ord] 0 ?or\ghly ma9ta9$ ) ! lea/ admixture ( fe>2 :]e y w\ld h mo/ *ance ( meet+ ) tru?ful replies f ! *ildr5 9 a matt] :]e su* replies w\ld crim9ate !mselves3 & :]e y w\ld f9d ! mo/ k9dly feel+ to ea* o!r preval5t ?r\gh\t4 ,yet ^! are ?+s n to be se5 on %[ days1 t _c be got up = exhibition1 t require unwe>i$ sup]vision on ! "p ( ma/]s & b5efactors1 t w nev] be attempt$ b by ^? :o1 !mselves1 feel deeply ! sup]iority ( moral excell5ce to all else4 ,su* tea*]s w see h[ ! k9dness ( *ildr5 to ea* o!r may be enc\rag$4 ,!y w take m notice ( a good-natur$ ?+ ?an a clev] "o4 ,!y w %[1 h[ mu*1 ev5 9 ! m9ute/ trifles1 tru? & =titude weigh ) !m4 ,!y w be c>eful n to /imulate an un:olesome crav+ = praise 9 _! pupils4 ,!y w look n only to ! ?+ done1 b also to ! mode & _s ( do+ x4 ,t ?is _s & mode may be ! means ( g5]at+ & guid+ future endeav\r w be a ma9 object ) su* in/ructors4 ,! dignity ( lab\r1 ! indep5d5ce ( ?rift1 ! greatness ( cont5tm5t1 w be !mes dwelt ^u by !m1 9 _! lov+ =esight = ! future welf>e ( ! infant lab\r]s entru/$ to _! c>e4 ,to ende> holy ?+s to ^! little ones w\ld delight su* tea*]s f> m ?an to in/il ! utmo/ pr(ici5cy 9 any critical or hi/orical k ( ! sacr$ writ+s4 ,n t ! two ?+s are 9 ! lea/ degree incompatible4 ,f> f x1 inde$6 ,all ,i mean to insi/ on is1 t su* tea*]s w p]ceive :at are ! great objects ( culture3 & h[ subs]vi5t ev5 ! be/ k is to ! appreh5sion ( duty4 ,!y w see1 too1 m cle>ly ! necessity ( be>+ 9 m9d ! pre-em95ce ( moral & religi\s culture1 :5 !y reflect t _m ( _! pupils come f places :i* _c be call$ homes1 :]e sc>cely any?+ l p>5tal love su/a9s or in=ms !m1 & :]e1 p]haps1 confusion1 discont5t1 & dome/ic turbul5ce prevail4 ,we may rem>k1 z be>+ ^u ?is subject1 t s++ lessons %\ld be greatly enc\rag$ 9 s*ools4 ,!re are sev]al m]its connect$ ) ?is mode ( in/ruction4 ,x employs _m toge!r1 & gives a feel+ ( communion2 x is n mu* mix$ up ) emulation2 ! t5d]e/ & highe/ s5tim5ts may be uno/5tati\sly impress$ by its means1 = y c introduce 9 songs su* ?+s z y c\ld n lecture ^u2 !n x gives some:at ( a cultivat$ ta/e1 & an additional topic ( social int]e/1 ev5 to ^? :o d n make mu* pr(ici5cy2 :ile to o!rs1 :o h a natural ability = x1 x may =m an innoc5t & engag+ pursuit ?r\gh\t _! lives4 ,) respect to ! intellectual "p ( tea*+1 ,i h n mu* to say3 & x is a bran* ( ! subject :i* has engag$1 & is engag+1 ! att5tion ( m5 :o are mu* m capable ( speak+ ab\t x ?an ,i am4 ,! only ?+ :i* x occurs to me to m5tion is1 t "o w\ld l to see a great deal ( manual tea*+1 ) a view n only to ! future pr(it1 b also to ! future pleasure & in/ruction ( ! *ildr54 ,:5 y ?9k t _m ( !m w be artisans1 ^: only occupation1 p]haps1 w be to p]=m "s "o process ( manufactures1 requir+ next to no ?\ght or skill1 x becomes ! m necess>y to educate _! h&s z well z _! heads4 ,man is an animal v fond ( con/ruction ( any sort2 & a wise tea*]1 kn[+ ! happ9ess t fl[s f h&iwork1 w seize ^u opportunities = tea*+ ev5 ! mo/ trivial accompli%m5ts ( a manual k9d4 ,!y w come 91 h]eaft]1 to embelli% a man's home1 & to ende> x to him4 ,!y w occupy "t t w\ld1 o!rwise1 be ill sp5t4 ,&1 besides1 !re are _m p]sons ^: clev]ness lies only 9 ?is way2 & y h to tea* !m ?is or no?+4 #c4 ,,! ,,playgr\nd4 ,?is is a place q z important z ! s*ool-room4 ,"h x is1 t a l>ge "p ( ! moral cultivation may be c>ri$ on4 ,x is a great object to humanize ! conduct ( *ildr5 to ea* o!r at play times )\t int]f]+ ) !m1 or controll+ !m1 too mu*4 ,b we h1 be=e1 gone ov] ! motives :i* %\ld actuate a tea*] 9 8 moral guidance2 & x ne$s only to rem>k1 t ! playgr\nd is a place :]e t guidance is em95tly requir$2 & :]e ! exig5cies = x are mo/ easily disc]n$4 ,^? games %\ld n be ov]look$ :i* are ( a manly k9d1 & likely to be cont9u$ 9 aft] life4 ,?is br+s u naturally to ?9k ( ! playgr\nds = *ildr5 ( a l>g] gr[?4 ,hi!rto !re has be5 a sad defici5cy 9 ?is matt] 9 our manufactur+ t[ns1 & almo/ ev]y:]e else4 ,c any ?+ be m lam5table to contemplate ?an a dull1 grim1 & vici\s population1 ^: only amusem5t is s5suality8 ,yet1 :at c we expect1 if we provide no means :atev] ( recreation2 if we nev] %>e our own pleasures ) our poor] bre?r52 & if ! public build+s :i* invite !m 9 _! brief h\rs ( leisure are *iefly g9 palaces8 ,z = our ca!drals & great *ur*es1 we mo/ly h !m well lock$ up1 = fe> any "o %\ld /eal 9 & say a pray]1 or contemplate a noble "w ( art1 )\t pay+ = x3 & we %ut p up by ?\s&s 9 d5se t[ns ) no outlets to ! c\ntry1 b ^? :i* are gu>d$ on ea* side by du/y h$ges4 ,n[ an op5 space ne> a t[n is "o ( nature's *ur*es3 & x is an imp]ative duty to provide su* ?+s4 ,nor1 inde$1 %\ld we /op at giv+ brea?+ places to cr[d$ multitudes 9 great t[ns4 ,to provide *eap locomotion1 z a means ( social improvem5t1 %\ld be ev] 9 ! m9ds ( legislators & o!r influ5tial p]sons4 ,blund]s 9 legislat+ ab\t railroads1 & absurd exp5diture 9 mak+ !m1 are a f> great] public detrim5t ?an !y may seem at fir/ sight4 ,aga91 )\t int]f]+ too mu*1 or attempt+ to =ce a ,book ( ,sports ^u ! p1 :o 9 t case1 w\ld be resolutely dull & lugubri\s1 ! b5evol5t employ] ( lab\r might ex]t himself 9 _m ways to enc\rage heal?ful & in/ructive amusem5ts among/ 8 m54 ,he might give prizes = a?letic excell5ce or skill4 ,he might aid 9 e/abli%+ zoological g>d5s1 or music-meet+s1 or exhibitions ( pictures1 or me*anics' in/itutes4 ,^! are ?+s 9 :i* "s ( ! great employ]s ( lab\r h already set him ! example4 ,let him rememb] h[ mu* 8 workpeople are depriv$ ( by be+ almo/ conf9$ to "o spot2 & let him be ! m anxi\s to enl>ge _! m9ds by induc+ !m to take int]e/ 9 any ?+ :i* may prev5t ! ignorant pres5t1 & its l[ c>es1 f absorb+ all _! att5tion4 ,he has v likely "s pursuit1 or "s art1 9 :i* he takes especial pleasure himself1 & :i* gives to 8 leisure1 p]haps1 its greate/ *>m3 he may be sure t !re are _m ( 8 p :o c\ld be made to %>e 9 "s degree t pleasure1 or pursuit1 ) him4 ,x is a l>ge1 a sure1 & c]ta9ly a mo/ pleasurable b5efic5ce1 to provide = ! poor su* opportunities ( recreation1 or means ( amusem5t1 z ,i h m5tion$ above4 ,nei!r c x be set d[n z at all a trifl+ matt]4 ,dep5d ^u x1 t man has n made any great progress 9 humanity :o does n c>e = ! leisure h\rs & amusem5ts ( 8 fell[-m54 ,:ile we are ^u ?is matt]1 ,i w m5tion some?+ :i* bord]s closely ^u x1 ?\gh x applies to ! consum] r ?an ! manufactur]4 ,mo/ m5 w\ld ?9k x mu*1 if x 7 br\ght home to !m1 t f any c>elessness ( !irs1 "s p]son _h suff]$ unnecess>y imprisonm5t1 if only = a day4 ,& yet any "o1 :o enc\rages unreasonably late h\rs ( bus9ess1 does :at he c to uphold a sy/em ( ne$less conf9em5t1 depriv+ ?\s&s ( t heal?ful *ange ( pursuit :i* is "o ( ! ma9 alim5ts bo? = body & s\l1 & leav+ little "t or opportunity = any ?+ to gr[ up 9 _! m9ds beyond ! rude/ & mo/ trivial c>es & objects4 #d4 ,,! ,,workman',s ,,home4 ,t ! workman %\ld h a home1 :i*1 h[ev] humble x may be1 %\ld yet af=d room & scope = ! dec5cies1 if n = "s ( ! com=ts & ref9em5ts ( civiliz$ life1 is manife/ly ess5tial1 if we wi% to pres]ve ! great body ( ! p f a /ate ( savag5ess4 ,!re is an important & orig9al rem>k on ?is subject 9 ! ,h& ,loom ,weav]s ,report ( #ahda3 ,! man :o d9es = #f;d4 & clo!s himself dur+ ! ye> = #e p\nds is probably z heal?ily f$1 & z heal?ily clad1 z if 8 d9n] co/ two gu9eas a day1 & 8 dress #bjj p\nds a ye>4 ,b ?is is n ! case ) respect to habitation4 ,e increase ( accommodation1 f ! corn] ( a cell> to a mansion1 r5d]s ! dwell+ m heal?y1 &1 to a consid]able ext5t1 ! size & goodness ( ! dwell+ t5ds to r5d] its inmates m civiliz$4 ,inde$1 if civilization does n %[ itself 9 a man's home1 :]e else is x likely to take mu* root ) him8 ,make 8 home com=table1 & y d m t[>ds mak+ him a /eady & c>eful citiz51 ?an y c\ld by any o!r means4 ,n[ only look ar\nd1 & see h[ entirely ?is has be5 neglect$1 at lea/1 until )9 a rec5t date4 ,our work]s are toil+ all day long1 or1 if !y h leisure1 x is mo/ly accompani$ by pecuni>y di/ress3 & c y expect 9 ei!r case t !y w busy !mselves ab\t ^? prim>y /ructural arrangem5ts )\t :i* x is sc>cely possible to h a com=table home8 ,_m ( ! ?+s1 too1 :i* are ne$ful = ?is end1 require capital1 or1 at lea/1 su* conjo9t ent]prise z c h>dly be expect$ f ! poor4 ,take any individual workman4 ,suppose !re is defective dra9age 9 8 /reet1 or1 z (t5 happ5s1 no dra9age at all1 :at c "o su* man d1 ev5 if at all alive to ! evil8 ,:5 y consid] ! dep5d5t condition ( ! lab\r+ classes1 & h[ little "t !y h = dome/ic arrangem5ts ( any k9d1 does x n behove ! employ] ( lab\r to endeav\r t 8 workm5 %\ld h opportunities ( gett+ places to live 91 fit = human be+s 9 a civiliz$ c\ntry8 ,i use ! phrase employ] ( lab\r1 9 its wide/ s5se2 & at once say1 t !re are _m ?+s be>+ ^u ! com=t ( ! habitations ( ! poor1 :i* bo? ! local au?orities & ! imp]ial gov]nm5t ought to look to4 ,is !re n a /range mock]y 9 ! fact1 /at$ 9 ! ,sanit>y ,report1 t ! annual slaught] 9 ,engl& & ,wales f prev5tible causes ( typhus :i* attacks p]sons 9 ! vig\r ( life1 appe>s to be d\ble ! am\nt ( :at 0 suff]$ by ! alli$ armies 9 ! battle ( ,wat]loo8 ,mu/ we n say aga9 t ! c>eless cruelty ( ! _w almo/ outweighs ! re/8 ,i h hi!rto ab/a9$ f vex+ my read]s ) details2 nor d ,i wi% n[ to d m ?an draw _! att5tion to a few extracts f public docum5ts respect+ ! habitations ( ! poor4 ,i take ! foll[+ f ! ,h& ,loom ,weav]s' ,report 9 #ahda4 ,! ,fir/ ,annual ,report ( ! ,regi/r>-,g5]al1 %[$ = ! ye> #ahch a v>iation ( ! annual mortality 9 diff]5t di/ricts ( ! metropolis1 am\nt+ to #ajj p] c5t42 a diff]5ce ne>ly equal to t :i* exi/s betwe5 ! mo/ heal?y & ! lea/ heal?y portions ( ! _w4 ,! inquiries in/itut$ at ! same "t by ! ,poor ,law ,commission]s into ! physical causes ( fev] 9 ! metropolis1 h trac$ ! comp>ative mortality ( ! unheal?y di/ricts pr9cipally to ! pres5ce ( impurities1 ! want ( v5tilation1 & ! bad con/ruction ( h\ses4 ,! foll[+ extracts f ,dr4 ,s\?wood ,smi?'s ,report on ,be?nal ,gre5 & ,:ite*apel1 %[ bo? ! causes & ! int5sity ( ! evil4 ',x appe>s1' says ,dr4 ,s\?wood ,smi?1 't 9 _m p>ts ( ,be?nal ,gre5 & ,:ite*apel1 fev] ( a malignant & fatal "* is always m or less preval5t4 ,9 "s /reets x has rec5tly prevail$ 9 almo/ e h\se2 9 "s c\rts 9 e h\se2 & 9 "s few in/ances 9 e room 9 e h\se4 ,cases are record$ 9 :i* e memb] ( a family has be5 attack$ 9 succession1 ( :om 9 e su* case sev]al h di$2 "s :ole families h be5 swept away4 ,in/ances are detail$ 9 :i* !re h be5 f\nd 9 "o small room six p]sons ly+ ill ( fev] toge!r2 ,i h myself se5 ?is1 f\r 9 "o b$1 & two 9 ano!r4 99 99 99 99 99 ',! room ( a fev] pati5t 9 a small & heat$ ap>tm5t 9 ,london1 ) no p]flation ( fre% air1 is p]fectly analog\s to a /&+ pool 9 ,e?iopia full ( bodies ( dead locu/s4 ,! poison g5]at$ 9 bo? cases is ! same2 ! diff]5ce is m]ely 9 ! degree ( its pot5cy4 ,nature ) h] burn+ sun1 h] /ill$ & p5t up w9d1 h] /agnant & teem+ m>%1 manufactures plague on a l>ge & fe>ful scale4 ,pov]ty 9 h] hut1 cov]$ ) h] rags1 surr\nd$ ) h] fil?1 /riv+ ) all h] might to keep out ! pure air & to increase ! heat1 imitates nature b too successfully3 ! process & ! product are ! same2 ! only diff]5ce is 9 ! magnitude ( ! result4 ',b ! magnitude ( ! result 9 ,london1 if t magnitude be e/imat$ by ! numb]s attack$1 is n slight4 ,f returns receiv$ f ! ,be?nal ,gre5 & ,:ite*apel ,unions x appe>s t dur+ ! la/ ye> !re occurr$ ( fev] cases1 ,9 ! ,be?nal ,gre5 ,union #b1jhd ,9 ! ,:ite*apel ,union #b1eeg ,total #d1fda ,! /ate ( ?+s describ$ above by ,dr4 ,s\?wood ,smi? is by no means conf9$ to ! metropolis2 nor1 ev51 is x to be se5 9 its wor/ =m !re4 ,mr4 ,*adwick says1 ! mo/ wret*$ ( ! /ation>y population ( :i* ,i h be5 able to obta9 any acc\nt1 or t ,i h ev] se51 0 t :i* ,i saw 9 company ) ,dr4 ,arnott1 & o!rs1 9 ! wynds ( ,ed9burgh & ,glasg[4 ,i =be> to add _! detail$ report1 :i*1 z reg>ds ,glasg[ especially1 repres5ts a loa?some /ate ( fil? & wret*$ness4 ,if we g n[ to ! manufactur+ t[ns ( ,engl&1 ! evid5ce is ( a simil> "*4 ,! foll[+ extract1 says ! ,sanit>y ,report1 is descriptive ( ! condition ( l>ge classes ( t5em5ts 9 ! manufactur+ t[ns ( ,lanca%ire4 ,x is f ! report ( ,mr4 ,pe>son1 ! m$ical (fic] ( ! ,wigan ,union4 ,f ! few obs]vations :i* ,i h be5 enabl$ to make respect+ ! causes ( fev] dur+ ! two mon?s :i* ,i h held ! situation ( h\se-surgeon to ! ,disp5s>y1 ,i am incl9$ to consid] ! fil?y condition ( ! t[n z be+ ! mo/ prom95t s\rce4 ,_m ( ! /reets are unpav$ & almo/ cov]$ ) /agnant wat]1 :i* lodges 9 num]\s l>ge holes :i* exi/ ^u _! surface1 & into :i* ! inhabitants ?r[ all k9ds ( reject$ animal & vegetable matt]s1 :i* !n und]go decay & emit ! mo/ poison\s exhalations4 ,^! matt]s are (t5 all[$1 f ! fil?y habits ( ! inhabitants ( ^! di/ricts1 _m ( :om1 especially ! poor ,iri%1 are utt]ly reg>dless bo? ( p]sonal & dome/ic cleanl9ess1 to accumulate to an imm5se ext5t1 & ?us become prolific s\rces ( mal>ia1 r5d]+ ! atmosph]e an active poison4 ,dr4 ,edw>d ,knight1 speak+ ( "s p>ts ( ! t[n ( ,/af=d1 says1 ,^! p>ts ( ! t[n are )\t dra9age1 ! h\ses1 :i* are private prop]ty1 are built )\t any reg>d to situation or v5tilation1 & con/ruct$ 9 a mann] to ensure ! greate/ return at ! lea/ possible outlay4 ,! accommodation 9 !m does n ext5d beyond two rooms2 ^! are small1 &1 = ! mo/ "p1 ! families "w 9 ! day-"t 9 ! same room 9 :i* !y sleep1 to save fuel4 ,!re is n any provision made = refuse dirt1 :i*1 z ! lea/ tr\ble1 is ?r[n d[n 9 front ( ! h\ses1 & !re left to putrefy4 ,mr4 ,william ,rayn]1 ! m$ical (fic] ( ! ,heaton ,norris di/rict ( ! ,/ockport ,union1 ?us describes a "p ( t t[n3 ,!re are =ty-f\r h\ses 9 ! two r[s1 & tw5ty-two cell>s1 all ( ! same size4 ,! cell>s are let (f z sep>ate dwell+s2 ^! are d>k1 damp1 & v l[1 n m t six feet betwe5 ! ceil+ & floor4 ,! /reet betwe5 ! two r[s is sev5 y>ds wide1 9 ! c5tre ( :i* is ! common gutt]1 or m prop]ly s9k1 into :i* all sorts ( refuse is ?r[n2 x is a foot 9 dep?4 ,?us !re is always a quantity ( putrefy+ matt] contam9at+ ! air4 ,at ! end ( ! r[s is a pool ( wat] v %all[ & /agnant1 & a few y>ds fur!r1 a "p ( ! t[n's gas works4 ,9 _m ( ^! dwell+s !re are f\r p]sons 9 "o b$4 ,we might h hop$ t c\ntry di/ricts at lea/ w\ld h be5 free f ! evils occasion$ by contract$ build+1 want ( v5tilation1 want ( dra9age1 & ! l2 b ?is is f> inde$ f be+ ! case4 ,! foll[+ is f ! report ( ,mr4 ,a>on ,little1 ! m$ical (fic] ( ! ,*ipp5ham ,union3 ,! p>i% ( ,col]ne1 :i*1 ^u a cursory view1 any p]son 7unacqua9t$ ) its peculi>ities7 w\ld pron\nce to be ! mo/ heal?y village 9 ,engl&1 is 9 fact ! mo/ unheal?y4 ,f its comm&+ position 7be+ situat$ ^u a high hill7 x has an appe>ance ( heal? & *e]fulness :i* delights ! eye ( ! travell]1 :o comm&s a view ( x f ! ,great ,we/]n road2 b ?is impression is imm$iately remov$ on ent]+ at any po9t ( ! t[n4 ,! fil?1 ! dilapidat$ build+s1 ! squalid appe>ance ( ! majority ( ! l[] ord]s1 h a sick5+ effect ^u ! /rang] :o fir/ visits ?is place4 ,dur+ ?ree ye>s' att5dance on ! poor ( ?is di/rict1 ,i h nev] kn[n ! small pox1 sc>lat9a1 or ! typhus fev] to be abs5t4 ,! situation is damp1 & ! build+s unheal?y1 & ! inhabitants !mselves incl9$ to be ( dirty habits4 ,!re is also a great want ( dra9age4 ,mr4 ,john ,fox1 ! m$ical (fic] ( ! ,c]ne ,union1 ,dorset%ire1 gives ! foll[+ evid5ce3 ,9 _m ( ! cottages1 :]e syno*us prevail$1 ! b$s /ood on ! gr\nd-floor1 :i* 0 damp ?ree p>ts ( ! ye>2 sc>cely "o _h a fire place 9 ! b$-room1 & "o _h a s+le small pane ( glass /uck 9 ! mud wall z its only w9d[1 ) a l>ge heap ( wet & dirty potatoes 9 "o corn]4 ,p]sons liv+ 9 su* cottages are g5]ally v poor1 v dirty1 & usually 9 rags2 liv+ almo/ :olly on bread & potatoes1 sc>cely ev] ta/+ animal food1 & consequ5tly highly susceptible ( disease & v unable to cont5d ) x4 ,i am q sure if su* p]sons 7 plac$ 9 good1 com=table1 clean cottages1 ! improvem5t 9 !mselves & *ildr5 w\ld soon be visible1 & ! exceptions w\ld only be f\nd 9 a few ( ! poore/ & mo/ wret*$1 :o p]haps _h be5 born 9 a mud hovel1 & _h liv$ 9 "o ! fir/ ?irty ye>s ( _! lives4 ,mr4 ,james ,gane1 ! m$ical (fic] ( ! ,uxbridge ,union1 says1 ,i attribute ! preval5ce ( diseases ( an epidemic "*1 :i* exi/s s mu* m among ! poor ?an among ! ri*1 to be1 f ! want ( bett] accommodation z resid5ce1 7_! dwell+s in/ead ( be+ built ( solid mat]ials are complete %ells ( mud on a spot ( wa/e l& ! mo/ swampy 9 ! p>i%2 ?is is to be met ) almo/ ev]y:]e 9 rural di/ricts7 to ! want ( bett] clo?+1 be+ bett] f$1 m att5tion paid to ! cleanl9ess ( _! dwell+s1 & less congregat$ toge!r4 ,mr4 ,?omas ,h4 ,smi?1 ! m$ical (fic] ( ! ,bromley ,union1 /ates3 ,my att5tion 0 fir/ direct$ to ! s\rces ( mal>ia 9 ?is di/rict & neighb\rhood :5 *ol]a became epidemic4 ,i !n p>tially inspect$ ! dwell+s ( ! poor1 & h rec5tly complet$ ! survey4 ,x is almo/ incr$ible t s _m s\rces ( mal>ia %\ld exi/ 9 a rural di/rict4 ,a total abs5ce ( all provisions = effectual dra9age ar\nd cottages is ! mo/ prom95t s\rce ( mal>ia2 ?r\gh\t ! :ole di/rict !re is sc>cely an attempt at x4 ,! refuse vegetable & animal matt]s are also ?r[n by ! cottag]s 9 heaps ne> _! dwell+s to decompose2 are sometimes n remov$1 except at v long int]vals2 & are always p]mitt$ to rema9 suffici5tly long to accumulate 9 "s quantity4 ,pig/ies are g5]ally ne> ! dwell+s1 & are always surr\nd$ by decompos+ matt]s4 ,^! con/itute "s ( ! _m s\rces ( mal>ia1 & peculi>ly des]ve att5tion z be+ easily rem$i$1 & yet1 z x 71 *]i%$4 ,! effects ( mal>ia are /rik+ly exemplifi$ 9 p>ts ( ?is di/rict4 ,!re are localities f :i* fev] is seldom long abs5t2 & ,i f9d spots :]e ! spasmodic *ol]a locat$ itself are also ! *os5 resorts ( cont9u$ fev]4 ,x appe>s f ! ,sanit>y ,report1 f :i* ,i h made ! above extracts1 & :i* 0 pres5t$ to ,p>liam5t 9 #ahdb1 t !re 7 !n #hjjj inhabit$ cell>s at ,liv]pool2 & t ! occupants 7 e/imat$ at f #ce1jjj to #dj1jjj4 ,liv]pool is call$ a prosp]\s t[n4 ,p po9t ) admiration to its docks1 & its w>eh\ses1 & speak ( its weal? & gr&eur 9 high t]ms4 ,b su* prosp]ity1 l ! victory ( ,pyrrhus1 is apt to sugge/ ! idea ( ru94 ,?irty-five ?\s& p liv+ 9 cell>s6 ,surely su* ?+s z ^! demon/rate ! necessity !re is = mak+ great ex]tions to provide fit habitations = ! poor4 ,ea* ye> !re is requir$ 9 ,great ,brita91 accord+ to ! ,sanit>y ,report1 an increase ( #ei1jjj new t5em5ts1 a numb] equal to t ( two new t[ns su* z ,man*e/] prop]1 :i* has #cb1caj h\ses1 & ,birm+ham1 :i* has #bg1bfh h\ses4 ,9 ^! l>ge increm5ts ( build+1 is x n ess5tial t !re %\ld be "s c>e = ! heal? & ! morals ( ! p8 ,is x n a "q :i* ev5 9 a selfi% po9t ( view affects ! :ole empire8 99 99 99 99 99 ,i am aw>e t !re are great difficulties 9 ! way ( any g5]al measure = regulat+ build+s4 ,! fir/ difficulty :i* occurs1 "o :i*1 ( itself1 =ms a limit to build+ regulations1 is1 t if y c>ry !m beyond a c]ta9 ext5t1 ! poor] classes are driv51 by ! increas$ exp5se1 f ! occupation ( cottages to t ( rooms1 :i* w\ld be any?+ b a ga94 ,besides1 x is obvi\s1 on o!r acc\nts1 t any regulations ) respect to build+ mu/ be introduc$ ) great c>e1 especially 9 an old c\ntry1 & :]e ! build+s1 :i* y w\ld be mo/ anxi\s to modify1 are ^? :i* w be erect$ 9 ! imm$iate vic9ity ( gr\nd already d5sely cov]$ ) h\ses4 ,! ,liv]pool ,improvem5t ,act af=ds a curi\s in/ance (1 :at appe>s to me1 absurd & impati5t legislation on ! subject ( build+4 ,by "s ( its provisions a c]ta9 description ( cell> 9 t t[n w be ?r[n out ( occupation on a giv5 day4 ,n[1 :]e are ! inhabitants ( ^! cell>s to g to8 ,y might z well legislate t no food except ( a c]ta9 quality %\ld be sold2 b x does n seem likely t ?is w\ld secure ! ma9t5ance ( ! population s legislat$ ^u4 ,inconsid]ate measures ( ?is k9d occasionally put ev5 wise int]f]5ce out ( c\nt5ance4 ,/ill1 ,i mu/ cont5d t mu* good may be done by "s simple build+ regulations ( a sanit>y nature4 ,mu* may be done indirectly1 all ( :i* is ne>ly sure to be good4 ,= in/ance1 x is v desirable to l[] ! taxation ^u build+ mat]ials4 ,!n1 aga91 :]ev] ! w9d[-tax c be modifi$1 ) a view to b5efit ! dwell+s ( ! poor1 x %\ld be done4 ,mr4 ,bi]s1 a witness exam9$ be=e ! ,select ,committee 9 #ahdb on ,build+ ,regulations1 says1 ,! preamble ( ?is ,act 7! ,bill1 ,i believe1 !n "u consid]ation7 sets out t x is = ! purpose ( prev5t+ disease & giv+ bett] v5tilation2 n[1 x w\ld mu* increase ! advantages ( poor p if a rid] or addition 0 made to ! #ag? section1 = ! purpose ( giv+ a bett] v5tilation )\t be+ liable to ! tax-ga!r]4 ,i h add$ to ?is section1 ',&1 = ! purpose ( promot+ heal? & bett] v5tilation1 x is provid$1 t all w9d[-lights or casem5ts1 n be+ betwe5 ! outside brick or /one reveals ( great] dim5sions ?an "o foot wide & ?ree feet high1 %all n be assess$ to ! w9d[ duties1 :e!r ! same be glaz$ or n1 provid$ ! room or appurt5ance is n us$ = a sleep+ or dwell+ ap>tm5t4' ,visc\nt ,s&on4 ,?is is n = inhabit$ cell>s8 ,no1 x is to promote ! v5tilation ( any "p t is n an inhabit$ room2 l>d]s & cell>s & out-appurt5ances ( h\ses4 ,i us$ to put 9 ! build+s ,i am n[ erect+ :at are t]m$ lancet lights1 = ! v5tilat+ ! cell>s1 l>d]s1 c42 &1 previ\s to ! late survey1 ^! lancet lights 7 nev] tak52 b s /r+5t 7 ! ord]s f ! tax-bo>d on ! late survey1 t if !y f\nd a gimlet-hole !y w\ld take x4 ,*airman4 ,7 !y glaz$8--,yes4 ,if !y 7 n glaz$1 b made ( wire1 h[ w\ld t be8--,!n !y c take !m1 unless ! ^w ',dairy' or ',*eese-room' is writt5 ov] !m2 ,i h n[ be5 oblig$ to r$uce ?ree ( ^? lancet lights1 & d n get ! v5tilation4 ,x is z mu* or m conc]n to ! poor ?an x is to ! ri*1 t !y %\ld h a prop] v5tilation2 & !re h be5 _m w9d[s /opp$ up 7:i* ought n to h be5 tak57 9 consequ5ce ( ! rec5t survey1 & :i* ,i am sure ! ,legislature nev] int5d$ %\ld be tak54 ,b1 9 addition to ^! indirect me?ods = improv+ build+s1 x is surely n beyond our legislative ability to devise "s v simple regulations1 at lea/ ( t k9d :i* are to h a prospective application4 ,i d n l to speak confid5tly ab\t ! m]its ( ! ,gov]nm5t ,bill1 introduc$ ?is session1 because x requires s mu* te*nical k to judge ( ^! matt]s2 b ! ma9 provisions = back-y>ds or op5 spaces atta*$ to dwell+ h\ses1 & = ! areas to l[]mo/ rooms1 appe> to me well consid]$4 ,?is ,bill applies only to ! metropolis4 ,! work+1 h[ev]1 ( local improvem5t ,acts may af=d ! be/ k9d ( evid5ce to prep>e a g5]al measure ^u4 ,:5 ! subject 0 consid]$ 9 ,committee 9 #ahdb1 ! ,corporation ( ,london s5t a witness :o %[$ t if a c]ta9 regulation1 embodi$ 9 ! ,bill !y 7 !n consid]+1 7 c>ri$ into effect1 x w\ld1 9 "s in/ances1 n only injure prop]ty1 b prev5t improvem5t4 ,p>tial objections ( ?is nature1 :i* aft] all may be v slight ?+s1 (t5 prev5t mo/ useful measures f be+ c>ri$4 ,b :y %\ld !re n be a discretion>y p[] ve/$ some:]e to relax any provision :i*1 9 p>ticul> cases1 might be f\nd h>% or inapplicable8 ,?is p[] might be giv5 to a c5tral (fice1 or to local bo>ds ( heal?4 ,any sugge/ion ( ?is k9d is liable to objections2 & ! tru? is1 t to introduce sanit>y provisions into a /ate ( ?+s n prep>$ = !m1 mu/ at fir/ be a matt] cumb]$ ) difficulties2 b1 z ,"l ,lyndhur/ has said1 a difficulty is a ?+ to be ov]come4 ,mr4 ,c>lyle has po9t$ out :at a wond]ful production a soldi] is1 /ill m a body ( !m1 & all ! app>atus by :i* !y are kept 9 work+ ord]4 ,&1 z he goes on to argue1 gov]nm5ts c\ld n exi/ if ?is human fight+ ma*9e 7 n 9 good keep+1 &1 !re=e1 x is well c>$ = at all times4 ,n[ if gov]nm5ts did b p]ceive ! importance ( "s regulation = ! dwell+s ( ! poor1 if !y look$ at x only z a matt] ( f9ance 7=1 ev5tually1 ! /ate pays = all disease & di/ress71 x is probable !y w\ld put _! %\ld]s to ! :eel1 & get x out ( ! difficulty1 at lea/ z f> z _! fair %>e ( ! matt] goes4 ,aga91 ! m difficulty !re is 9 legislat+ on ?is subject1 & especially if x c be %[n t !re is difficulty connect$ ) x ( a k9d almo/ insup]able by m]e legislative ef=ts1 ! m !re rema9s = private individuals to d4 ,i _c believe b t human +5uity1 9 "s =m or o!r1 w be able to surm\nt ! evil 9 "q4 ,! diff]5ce ( exp5se 9 build+ a r[ ( small cottages1 back to back1 :i* x w be h>d to v5tilate1 & :i* mu/ be )\t ! mo/ obvi\s h\sehold requisites1 & t ( build+ a r[ ( cottages ea* ( :i* %all h a y>d at ! back1 w be ab\t #bb p] c5t4 ^u ! outlay4 ,:]e "o w\ld co/ #ajj p\nds1 :i* is a good price = ! l[e/ class cottages1 ! o!r w\ld co/ #abb p\nds4 ,?is calculation is indep5d5t ( ! co/ ( ! additional l& :i* w\ld be requir$4 ,x is melan*oly to ?9k t ?is #bb p\nds1 & ! price ( ! additional l& mu/1 9 ?\s&s ( cases1 h det]m9$ ! heal? & morality ( ! inmates4 ,i d n mean to say t ?is pecuni>y diff]5ce is a slight matt]1 b /ill ,i d ?9k x is someh[ or o!r to be provid$ =4 ,!re is always ?is to be consid]$1 t ! bett] ! t5em5t1 ! m x w be c>$ =4 ,9 ! same ,committee ,i h m5tion$ be=e1 ! ,t[n ,cl]k ( ,le$s is ask$3 ,w\ld n ! build+ ( ! bett] k9d ( cottages always secure ! be/ t5ants8--,unque/ionably4 ,& ! p]son :o inve/$ ! prop]ty 9 build+s ( t k9d w\ld r take six p] c5t4 ( good t5ants ?an sev5 p] c5t4 ( bad ones8--,yes2 we h a numb] ( in/ances 9 ,le$s4 ,!re is a g5tleman nam$ ,croysdill1 :o has #bjj or #cjj cottages2 he receives ! l[e/ r5ts on an av]age ( any l>ge proprietor ( cottages1 & !y are unque/ionably ! mo/ com=table dwell+s1 & ! be/ occupi$4 ,x may be a /rong ?+ to say1 b ,i c conceive x possible1 9 a ,*ri/ian c\ntry1 = a man to re/ra9 himself f mak+ ! utmo/ pr(it out ( 8 possessions4 ,i c imag9e1 = in/ance1 an own] ( l& 9 a t[n be+ unwill+ to dem& su* a price = x1 z w\ld prev5t ! cottages ( ! lab\r+ p f be+ built ) ^? com=ts & conv5i5ces ^u :i* civilization may almo/ be said to dep5d4 ,a man may ?9k t !re is "s responsibility atta*$ to own]%ip2 & he may n l to be 9 any way accessory to ! build+ ( su* habitations = ! poor z he ?or\ghly disapproves (4 ,& if ! own] ( l& feels ?is1 /ill m may ! capitali/ :o und]takes to build ^u x4 ,x may be a satisfactory ?+ to collect 9 any way mu* money2 b ,i ?9k1 on ! o!r h&1 t mo/ m5 h a great pleasure 9 do+ any?+ well1 9 a workmanlike & /able mann]4 ,&1 /range z x may seem1 x is v possible t motives ( pr(it & loss may n be ! only ones :i* h l$ to su* mis]able build+1 z is (t5 to be se5 9 ! h\ses ( ! poor4 ,p h n ?\ght ab\t ! matt]4 ,if !y _h se5 ! m]it ( build+ good h\ses ( a small k9d1 ,i ?9k t 9 _m cases1 ! additional money requir$ w\ld n h /ood 9 ! way4 ,9 ! ,select ,committee ( #ahdb1 ! foll[+ que/ions are ask$ ( a witness f ,liv]pool3 ,is ,liv]pool a t[n :i* has a consid]able quantity ( l& :i* may be made available = ! purpose ( erect+ h\ses8--,!re is a good deal ( l& 9 ! suburbs4 ,! corporation possess a good deal ( l&8--,!y d4 99 99 99 99 99 ,h y _h "u y\r consid]ation ! provisions ( :at is call$ ,"l ,normanby's ,act1 by :i* x is =bidd5 to build h\ses back to back8--,yes4 ,:at 7 ! reasons :i* induc$ ! ,corporation ( ,liv]pool n to object to h\ses be+ s built8--,if h\ses 7 n to be built back to back !re w\ld be a great sacrifice ( l&4 ,i d n br+ ?is evid5ce =w>d to c5sure t corporation1 b r to excuse private p]sons 9 "s measure1 by %[+ ! g5]al unconc]n & ignorance ab\t ! subject4 ,x appe>s t ev5 a corporate body1 :o might be expect$ to disc]n ! value ( public heal? & morals1 & n to be subdu$ by ! prospect ( imm$iate & app>5t ga91 h at lea/ n made any endeav\r to introduce a good sy/em ( build+ cottages = ! poor ( _! own t[n4 ,n t !y1 probably1 7 9 ! slighte/ degree1 m m]c5>y ?an o!r m52 b x is only an in/ance to %[ h[ little att5tion has hi!rto be5 giv5 to ?is subject4 ,!re is at pres5t 9 ! metropolis1 a ,society = improv+ ! dwell+s ( ! indu/ri\s classes2 b :at is "o society8 ,?is is a matt] :i* ought to int]e/ ! own]s ( prop]ty1 & ! employ]s ( lab\r1 ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry4 ,su* a society z ! "o nam$ may d great good by build+ model h\ses1 mak+ sci5tific inve/igations1 & frequ5tly lay+ be=e ! public in=mation on ! subject4 ,b ! prop] division ( lab\r1 z x seems to me1 w\ld be t ! /ate %\ld give e legislative facility = contemplat$ improvem5ts 9 ! way ( build+1 %\ld enc\rage all rese>*es into ! subject1 & be ready to en=ce by law su* regulations z1 )\t any great intrusion ^u private prop]ty1 might secure = small h\ses ^? prim>y requisites )\t :i* x _c be expect$ t !y w be any?+ b ne/s ( disease4 ,9 fact ! /ate might1 ev5tually1 s ord] ! matt] t build]s %\ld n m]ely build su* h\ses z ! poor w\ld take1 = !re is no?+ 9 ! way ( a %elt] :i* !y w refuse to occupy1 b su* z ought to be let to !m1 ) due c>e at lea/ = ! public heal?4 ,! local au?orities %\ld take ^u !mselves1 ! light+1 cleans+1 pav+1 supply+ ) wat]1 & ! l4 ,= private individuals !re rema9s ! mo/ important "p ( ! task1 namely1 ! build+ ( an improv$ class ( small h\ses4 ,9 ?is good "w ! employ]s ( lab\r may be expect$ to come prom95tly =w>d4 ,_m a man w speculate 9 all k9ds ( remote und]tak+s2 & x w nev] occur to him t "o ( ! mo/ admirable uses to :i* he might put 8 sp>e capital1 w\ld be to provide fit dwell+ places = ! lab\r+ population ar\nd him4 ,he is n ask$ to build alms h\ses4 ,on ! contr>y1 let him take c>e to ensure1 z f> z he c1 a good return = ! outlay1 9 ord] to avoid :at may1 possibly1 be an unju/ int]f]5ce ) o!r m5's prop]ty2 & also1 & *iefly1 t 8 build+ = ! poor may n end 9 an isolat$ act ( b5evol5ce1 b may indicate a mode ( employ+ capital likely to be foll[$ by o!rs4 ,9 ! pres5t /ate ( ?+s1 ! r5ts ( small h\ses are disproportionately high because ( ! difficulty & unc]ta9ty ( collect+ ! r5ts = !m2 b by any improvem5t y introduce into ! habits ( ! occupi]s ( su* h\ses1 y make ?is difficulty & unc]ta9ty less2 & !reby dim9i% r5ts4 ,& ?us1 9 ?is case1 z 9 _m o!rs1 physical & moral improvem5t g on act+ & react+ ^u ea* o!r4 ,x is likely1 too1 t ^! poor p w pay ) read9ess & punctuality ev5 a high] r5t1 if x be = a really good t5em5t1 ?an a small "o = a place :i* !y mu/ inhabit 9 ! mid/ ( fil?1 discom=t1 & disease1 & !re=e ) c>elessness & p5ury4 ,besides2 ! r5ts !y pay n[1 w be f\nd1 ,i believe1 suffici5t to reimburse ! capitali/ = an outlay :i* w\ld suffice to build t5em5ts ( a sup]ior description to ! pres5t ones4 ,i d n mean to say t ! beg9n]s ( su* a sy/em ( employ+ capital might n h a great deal to cont5d )3 & x is to _! b5evol5ce1 & n to any money motives1 t ,i w\ld ma9ly appeal4 ,! dev\t feel+ :i* 9 =m] days rais$ augu/ ca!drals ?r\gh\t ! l&1 might f9d an employm5t to ! full z religi\s 9 build+ a humble r[ ( cottages1 if !y tell ( hon\r to ! great ,creator1 9 c>e = ^? :om he has bidd5 u to c>e =1 & are ?us sil5tly d$icat$1 z x 71 to ,8 "n4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! allotm5t sy/em has n hi!rto1 ,i believe1 be5 tri$ to any ext5t 9 ! manufactur+ di/ricts4 ,mr4 ,james ,m>%all1 & ,mr4 ,gott1 ( ,le$s h begun to try x2 b ,i ?9k x is b rec5tly2 & t !re has n yet be5 "t to asc]ta9 ! result ( ! sy/em4 ,i _c b ?9k1 h[ev]1 t x w be f\nd m b5eficial 9 manufactur+1 ?an ev5 9 rural1 di/ricts4 ,let u enum]ate "s ( ! probable advantages4 ,x w\ld =m an additional means ( support--x w\ld t5d to ende> home to ! work+ man--x w\ld provide a pleas+ *ange ( employm5t = him 9 good times--x w\ld r5d] him n s li/less :5 out ( "w--& x w\ld give him k1 an additional topic ( conv]sation1 & an int]e/ 9 v>i\s ?+s :i* he might nev]1 o!rwise1 h felt ! lea/ conc]n =4 ,moreov]1 x amuses & occupies ! little ones 9 a family2 & x leaves less temptation = p>5ts to employ *ildr5 too e>ly1 9 factories or work%ops1 :5 !y c f9d some?+ else = !m to d :i* may be pr(itable4 ,9 ?is respect1 inde$1 any improvem5t 9 dome/ic com=t1 or any additional dome/ic pursuit1 is likely to be b5eficial1 z x enl>ges ! sph]e ( h\sehold duties1 & creates m reasons = ! wife & *ildr5 be+ left at home4 ,aga91 z !re is h>d lab\r to be done 9 a g>d51 ?is allotm5t sy/em might occasionally prev5t ! s5se ( an almo/ unnatural dep5d5ce be+ s mu* exhibit$1 or felt1 :5 ! *ildr5 are employ$ 9 "s factory1 & ! gr[n up p are n4 ,?is is "o ( ! greate/ evils t at pres5t att5d ! /ate ( manufactures4 ,"s ( ! advantages :i* ,i h reckon$ above1 z likely to be connect$ ) ! allotm5t sy/em1 are trifl+ ?+s2 b small impulses1 all t5d+ "o way1 may lead to great results4 ,! ma9 objection :i*1 ,i suppose1 w be tak51 is t to make allotm5ts 9 cr[d$ di/ricts is sc>cely practicable4 ,"s beg9n+1 h[ev]1 has be5 made at a place s cr[d$ z ,le$s1 & at any rate1 9 any future build+ arrangem5ts1 room might be left = allotm5ts ( l&1 :i* w\ld also secure _m advantages ) respect to ! sanit>y condition ( ! p4 ,x may be rem>k$1 too1 t any manufactur]1 :o possess$ cottages ) allotm5ts to !m1 w\ld h an easy mode ( rew>d+ good behavi\r4 ,su* cottages w\ld be eag]ly s\ght aft] by ! m51 & might be giv51 9 pref]5ce1 to ^? ( good "*4 ,is all ?is romantic8 ,is x inevitable t ! suburbs ( a manufactur+ t[n mu/ consi/ ( d5se masses ( squalid habitations1 unble/ by a prop] supply ( air1 light1 or wat]2 undra9$1 uncleans$1 & unswept2 enjoy+ only t portion ( civilization :i* ! pres5ce ( ! police decl>es2 & pres5t+ a sc5e :i* ! bett] ord]s hurry by ) disgu/8 ,or1 on ! contr>y may we n1 )\t giv+ ourselves up to ,utopian dreams1 imag9e t we might ent] ! busy resorts ( traffic ?r\gh ext5sive suburbs consi/+ ( cottages ) _! bits ( l&2 & see1 z we came along1 symptoms ev]y:]e ar\nd ( h\sewifely occupations1 & ( homes :i* _! humble own]s might (t5 ?9k ( ) pleasure dur+ _! day's lab\r1 look+ =w>d to _! return at ev5+ ) delight4 ,! ri*] classes1 ev5 ^? l[ d[n 9 ! scale ( weal?1 mo/ly /ruggle to secure "s portion ( c\ntry air = !mselves3 surely !y might d _! be/ to provide = ! work+ man some?+ l a *ange f ! atmosph]e ( ! factory1 or work%op1 9 :i* he mu/ pass ! greate/ "p ( 8 day ?r\gh\t ! :ole ye>4 ,aga9/ :at ,i h said above1 x may be urg$ t x w\ld prev5t ! workman f liv+ ne> 8 "w4 ,9 _m cases ?is may be an inconv5i5ce2 b ,i d n imag9e t1 9 g5]al1 x c be prov$ to be an insurm\ntable1 or ev5 a v s]i\s objection4 ,turn+ aga9 to ! evid5ce ( ! ,t[n ,cl]k ( ,le$s be=e ! ,build+ ,committee1 ,i f9d ! foll[+3 ,"l ,a%ley4 ,i h be5 told by sev]al build]s 9 ,london1 t 9 consequ5ce ( ! improvem5ts 9 ! metropolis1 great numb]s ( p h be5 driv5 to ! out-skirts ( ! t[n2 b !y f\nd 9 ! out-skirts ( ! t[n an excell5t h\se = less money ?an :5 !y liv$ 9 mis]able lodg+s 9 ! he>t ( ! t[n2 is ?is consi/5t ) y\r exp]i5ce 9 ,le$s8--,q consi/5t4 ,& no h>d%ip to !mselves8--,! di/ance ( go+ to "w is ! objection2 b we f9d ! poor p w = tw5ty ye>s walk two or ?ree miles 9 a morn+ to _! "w at six o'clock1 & seem no worse = x4 ,v4 ,,! ,,t[n4 ,x w n be a matt] unwor?y ! att5tion ( a great employ] ( lab\r1 to improve & embelli% ! t[n :]e 8 "w is c>ri$ on4 ,x is 8 duty to h "s c>e = its public build+s1 & its in/itutions4 ,!y are means = improv+1 sometimes by manife/ b5efits1 sometimes by sil5t influ5ce1 ! condition ( 8 m54 ,surely if ! employ]s ( lab\r felt any ?+ l a home affection = ! t[ns :]e !y live1 !y c\ld n leave !m 9 ! rude1 unadorn$ /ate 9 :i* s _m ( !m are4 ,& :]e is a man's home1 if n :]e he c d mo/ good2 :]e he sp5ds ! be/ "p ( 8 life2 :]e he directs ! lab\r1 p]haps1 ( ?\s&s1 & absolutely by 8 own ex]tion may affect ! condition ( ! ris+ g5]ation8 ,if su* a man c\ld see ! _m l9ks ( duty done1 or duty disreg>d$1 t connect him ) ! spot :]e he works1 let x be ev] s d>k1 squalid1 & repulsive1 he w\ld /ill say t x 0 a great "p ( 8 home1 & n indulge too fondly 9 ! idea ( sunny mead[s & beautiful villas1 to be enjoy$ 9 "s secure1 gold51 retirem5t4 ,he w\ld take an int]e/ 9 ! erection ( *ur*es1 hospitals1 build+s = ! display ( art1 or inde$1 9 any in/itutions t w\ld fur!r 8 great "w by elevat+ ! s5tim5ts1 or improv+ ! physical condition1 ( 8 m54 ,! e/abli%m5t ( public ba?s w\ld be ano!r matt] wor?y ( 8 att5tion4 ,at ^! ba?s ! poor might be admitt$ on paym5t ( a small fee to cov] ! exp5se ( att5dants4 ,! ,romans1 induc$ by social or political motives1 _h _! public ba?s1 to :i* citiz5s 7 admitt$2 :o =m$1 h[ev]1 b a small "p ( _! p3 surely high] motives might prevail ) u to h simil> ba?s1 :i* %\ld be op5 to all our population4 ,:ile we are speak+ ( in/itutions ( v>i\s k9ds1 we mu/ n omit ,monts de ,piete1 or ,loan ,societies1 :i* may enable ! poor man to get small advances on reasonable t]ms4 ,x w n be en\gh to e/abli% su* ?+s z we h spok5 (3 !re is yet h>d] "w to be done 9 ! managem5t ( !m4 ,all *>itable in/itutions require vigor\s att5tion2 & ! bett] k9d ( m5 mu/ n %r9k f ! public bus9ess :i* !y are ! fitte/ to transact4 ,if f\nd]s or b5efactors 7 ! only p ne$$1 "o g5]ation might monopolize ! b5efic5ce ( all "t2 b *>itable in/itutions require = ev] duty to be done by liv+ m54 ,&1 z ,i h intimat$ be=e1 x is 9 giv+ ?\ght & lab\r1 t we may (t5 make ! greate/ & ! mo/ pr(itable sacrifices = ! good ( o!rs4 ,b to g back to m]e embelli%m5t--x is v apt to g h& 9 h& ) mat]ial improvem5ts4 ,besides1 x raises a high] /&>d4 ,x decl>es t !re is some?+ besides food & clo?+4 ,x may create1 p]haps1 ! love ( beauty & ord] 9 m9ds t n[ seem sunk 9 s5se4 ,at any rate x may d s 9 a com+ g5]ation4 ,& x is n a little matt] if x atta* ! weal?i] classes to ^! t[ns4 ,?is naturally br+s me to a subject ( :i* ,i ?9k ! read] w1 on consid]ation1 see ! importance4 ,i h he>d x said1 & ?\ght1 x a f>-see+ rem>k1 t "o ( ! greate/ b5efits :i* c\ld be conf]r$ on manufactur+ t[ns1 w\ld be to purify !m f smoke1 on ! gr\nd t ! weal?i] classes w\ld !n h less objection to reside 9 _! vic9ity3 &1 especially1 t ^? :o con/itute ! natural ari/ocracy ( ! place1 w\ld n be s mu* tempt$ to remove !mselves f ! spot :]e _! =tunes _h gr[n up4 ,dr4 ,cooke ,taylor1 9 8 lett]s to ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,dubl91 speak+ ( ! p>ts ( ,man*e/] :i* h be5 ab&on$ to ! poore/ grade ( all1 says1 ,y\r ,grace is aw>e t to "s ext5t ,dubl9 is simil>ly divid$ into ! city ( ! ri* & ! city ( ! poor2 b ,i "k t _m respectable & weal?y manufactur]s reside 9 ! lib]ties ( ,dubl91 :ile ! smoke-nuisance drives e body f ! t[n%ip ( ,man*e/] :o c possibly f9d means ( r5t+ a h\se else:]e4 ,n[ is ! do+ away ( ?is smoke a sort ( *im]ical & ,quixotic und]tak+8 ,n 9 ! lea/4 ,! exp]im5ts appe> to be decisive ^u ?is po9t2 & _h !re be5 a reasonable c>e = ! heal?1 beauty1 & cleanl9ess ( ! t[ns :]e _! "w is c>ri$ on1 ! manufactur]s w\ld long ago h contriv$1 ,i believe1 t !re %\ld be no su* ?+ z opaque smoke issu+ f _! *imneys4 ,c\nt ,rum=d says 9 8 essays1 ,i nev] view f a di/ance1 z ,i come into t[n1 ?is black cl\d :i* hangs ov] ,london )\t wi%+ to be able to compute ! imm5se numb] ( *aldrons ( coals ( :i* x is compos$2 = c\ld ?is be asc]ta9$1 ,i am p]suad$ s /rik+ a fact w\ld awak5 ! curiosity1 & excite ! a/oni%m5t1 ( all ranks ( ! inhabitants1 & p]haps turn _! m9ds to an object ( economy to :i* !y h hi!rto paid little att5tion4 ,! essay f :i* ?is extract is made 0 publi%$ 9 #agif3 :at w\ld ! ,c\nt say n[8 ,i believe ! calculation :i* he 0 ?9k+ ( has be5 made4 ,at any rate a ne> approximation might be2 = ,i am told1 on sci5tific au?ority1 t ! actual quantity ( smoke hang+ any day ov] ,london is ! f\r? "p ( ! fuel consum$ on t day4 ,mr4 ,cubitt1 ! great build]1 9 an exam9ation be=e ! ,h\se ( ,commons1 quot$ by ! ,sanit>y ,report1 ?us expresses himself on ?is subject3 ,) respect to manufactories1 "h are a great numb] driv5 by competition to "w 9 ! *eape/ way !y c4 ,a man puts up a /eam-eng9e1 & s5ds out an imm5se quantity ( smoke2 p]haps he creates a great deal ( f\l & bad gas2 t is all let loose4 ,:]e 8 returns are #ajjj p\nds a mon?1 if he w\ld sp5d #e p\nds a mon? m1 he w\ld make t completely h>mless2 b he says1 ',i am n b\nd to d t1' & !re=e he works z *eaply z he c1 & ! public suff] to an ext5t beyond all calculation4 ,to %[ h[ little loss is to be appreh5d$ f regulations abat+ ?is nuisance1 ! ,sanit>y ,report cites ! au?ority ( ,mr4 ,ew>t1 ! ,inspector ( ,ma*9]y to ! ,admiralty1 resid+ at ,h] ,maje/y's ,docky>d at ,woolwi*1 :]e ! *imney ( ! manufactory "u 8 imm$iate sup]9t5d5ce1 regulat$ accord+ to 8 directions1 (f]s an example ( ! little smoke t ne$ be occasion$ f /eam-eng9e furnaces if c>e be ex]cis$4 ,he /ates t no peculi> ma*9]y is us$2 ! /ok] or fire-keep] is only requir$ to ex]cise c>e 9 n ?r[+ on too mu* coal at once1 & to op5 ! furnace door 9 su* slight degree z to admit occasionally ! small proportion ( atmosph]ic air requisite to effect complete combu/ion4 ,mr4 ,ew>t also /ates t if ! fire be prop]ly manag$1 !re w be a sav+ ( fuel4 ,! ext5t ( smoke d5otes ! ext5t to :i* ! combu/ion is incomplete4 ,! *imney belong+ to ! manufactory ( ,mr4 ,pet] ,fairbairn1 eng9e] at ,le$s1 also pres5ts an example & a contra/ to ! *imneys ( ne>ly all ! o!r manufactories :i* ov]ca/ t t[n4 ,on ea* side ( x is a *imney belong+ to ano!r manufactory1 p\r+ out d5se cl\ds ( smoke2 :il/ ! *imney at ,mr4 ,fairbairn's manufactory pres5ts ! appe>ance ( no great] quantity ( smoke ?an ( "s private h\ses4 ,mr4 ,fairbairn /at$1 9 answ] to inquiries ^u ?is subject1 t he uses :at is call$ ,/anley's fe$+ ma*9]y1 :i* graduates ! supply ( coal s z to produce ne>ly complete combu/ion4 ,aft] ! fire is once light$1 little rema9s to ! ignorance or ! c>elessness ( ! /ok]4 ,mr4 ,fairbairn also /ates t 8 consumption ( fuel 9 8 /eam-eng9e furnaces1 9 comp>ison ) t ( 8 imm$iate neighb\rs1 is proportionately less4 ,! eng9e belong+ to ! cotton-mills ( ,mr4 ,?omas ,a%ton1 ( ,hyde1 ne> ,/ockport1 af=ds to ! p ( t t[n an example ( ! ext5t to :i*1 by a little c>e1 !y might be reliev$ ( ! ?ick cl\d ( smoke by :i* ! di/rict is oppress$4 ,at a meet+ ( manufactur]s & o!rs1 held at ,le$s1 = ! suppression ( ! nuisance ( ! smoke ( furnaces1 & to discuss ! v>i\s plans = abat+ x1 ! resolution 0 unanim\sly adopt$1 ',t 9 ! op9ion ( ?is meet+ ! smoke aris+ f /eam-eng9e fires & furnaces c be consum$1 & t1 too1 )\t injury to ! boil]s1 & ) a sav+ ( fuel4 ,notice ( legal proce$+s be+ giv5 aga9/ ,messrs4 ,meux1 ! brew]s 9 ,london1 = a nuisance aris+ f ! *imneys ( two furnaces1 !y f\nd t by us+ an?racite coal !y abat$ ! nuisance to ! neighb\rhood1 & sav$ #bjj p\nds p] annum4 ,! ,we/ ,middlesex ,wat] ,company1 by dim9i%+ ! smoke ( _! furnaces sav$ #ajjj p] annum4 ,b1 putt+ aside ! consid]ation ( any pecuni>y b5efit to be ga9$1 ,i ?9k x w\ld n be unreasonable to say t no consid]ate own] ( a factory w\ld wait = public regulations 9 ?is matt]1 b w\ld1 himself1 be anxi\s to prev5t 8 occupation f be+ injuri\s to 8 neighb\rs4 ,9 a manufactur+ t[n1 a man may f9d "s excuse1 ?\gh a mo/ futile "o1 9 ! consid]ation t x w\ld be ( no use = him alone to consume 8 smoke1 :5 !re are hundr$s ( o!rs ov] :om he has no influ5ce to p]suade !m to foll[ 8 example4 ,b y sometimes see "o ( ^! f\l-m\!d *imneys black5+ a neighb\rhood g5]ally free f su* ?+s1 & x does n seem to occur to ! own] ( ! *imney t he is do+ any ?+ wrong1 provid$ he is legally secure4 ,probably he gives away 9 ! c\rse ( ! ye> su* a sum z w\ld put up an app>atus :i* w\ld modify1 if n altoge!r remove1 ! smoke4 ,let him n ?9k t *>ity consi/s only 9 giv+ away some?+3 ,i d\bt :e!r he c f9d any "w ( b5evol5ce m useful to 8 neighb\rhood & to society 9 g5]al1 ?an putt+ a /op to ?is nuisance ( 8 own creation4 ,i am n incl9$ to re/ my case aga9/ x on ! gr\nd ( heal? alone2 ?\gh ,i believe1 ) ! ,sanit>y ,commission]s1 t x w\ld be f\nd mu* m injuri\s ?an is g5]ally imag9$4 ,:5 y f9d t fl[]s & %rubs w n endure a c]ta9 atmosph]e1 x is a v significant h9t to ! human creature to remove out ( t neighb\rhood4 ,b indep5d5tly ( ! "q ( heal?1 ?is nuisance ( smoke may be condemn$ simply on ! gr\nd ( ! wa/e & injury :i* x occasions4 ,& :at is to be said on ! o!r side8 ,:at c any man allege 9 its fav\r8 ,our ance/ors1 :o _h glimm]+s occasionally1 held t ,si homme fait c&ells de9s un vill1 p] qui il cause un noysom s5t al inhabitants1 uncore ceo ne/ ascun nusans c> le ne$fulness de eux disp5s]a ove le noisomness del smell4 7#b ,rolls ,abr4 #aci47 ,?is is quot$ 9 a grave public docum5t 7! ,sanit>y ,report73 _h we met ) x else:]e1 we might h conclud$ t x came f t *ronicle 9 :i* ,mr4 ,sidney ,smi? f\nd ! acc\nt :i* he gives ( ! meet+ ( ! cl]gy at ,dordre*t4 ,i quote x1 h[ev]1 to %[ h[ wisely our ance/ors direct$ _! att5tion 9 ?is in/ance4 ,if !y _h be5 begrim$ ) smoke z we are1 &1 ^u inquiry1 _h f\nd t !re 0 no ne$fulness to back ! noisom5ess1 x is probable !y w\ld h dealt ) x 9 _! mo/ summ>y mann]4 ,:]eas ,i fe> t ,mr4 ,mack9non's ,smoke ,prohibition ,bill1 amid/ ! hubbub ( legislation1 has great difficulty 9 f9d+ ! att5tion :i* x really des]ves4 ,! tru? is1 ?is smoke nuisance is "o ( ! mo/ curi\s in/ances h[ little pa9s m5 w take to rid !mselves f evils :i* attack !m only indirectly4 ,if ! pecuni>y injury done to ! inhabitants ( great t[ns by smoke c\ld only be put 9 ! =m ( a smoke rate1 :at unwe>i$ agitation !re w\ld be aga9/ x4 ,b surely we ought n to view ) less ho/ility1 because ( its sil5t noxi\sness1 a ?+ :i* injures ! heal? ( our *ildr51 if n ( p ( all ages1 disfigures our public build+s1 creates uncleanl9ess & gives an excuse = x1 affects 9 "s degree ! spirits ( all p]sons :o live "u x1 r5d]s manufactur+ t[ns less welcome places ( resid5ce = ! high] classes 7:i* is :at br+s x 9 connexion ) ! subject ( ?is ,essay72 & is1 !reby1 peculi>ly injuri\s to ! lab\r+ population4 ,if ^! pages %\ld survive to any future age1 x w excite a smile 9 "s curi\s read] to see h[ urg5t ,i h endeav\r$ to be ab\t a matt] :i* w !n be s obvi\s--,:at /range b>b>\s times !y mu/ h be51 he w say to himself3 wisdom ( our ance/ors1 =soo?6 ,f>-(f read]1 if !re be su* an entity1 d n presume3 ?\ ha/ ?y smoke too4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 connexion ) ! subject ( ! t[n1 x may be well to g a little into ! matt] ( sew]age1 :i* almo/1 above all ?+s1 dem&s ! att5tion ( ^? :o c>e = ! heal? ( ! lab\r+ population1 inde$1 = ! heal? ( ri* or poor4 ,?is subject is admirably treat$ 9 a section ( ! ,sanit>y ,report ( #ahdb1 "u ! head ( ,arrangem5ts = public heal?1 ext]nal to ! resid5ces4 ,x is n[ almo/ a trite ?+ to %[ h[ closely connect$ imp]fect sew]age is ) disease4 ,sci5tific m5 w tell y t y may track a fev] along ! w9d+s ( an op5 dra94 ,! ,sanit>y ,report m5tions t1 ,9 ! evid5ce giv5 be=e ! ,committee ( ! ,h\se ( ,commons1 :i* receiv$ evid5ce on ! subject 9 #ahcd1 "o m$ical witness /at$1 t ( all cases ( sev]e typhus t he _h se51 eight-t5?s 7 ei!r 9 h\ses ( :i* ! dra9s f ! sew]s 7 untrapp$1 or :i*1 be+ trapp$1 7 situat$ opposite gully-holes2 & he m5tion$ in/ances :]e s]vants sleep+ 9 ! l[] rooms ( h\ses 7 inv>iably attack$ ) fev]4 ,! above is a good in/ance to %[ h[ necess>y x is to h "s g5]al measures on ^! matt]s ( build+ & dra9age4 ,! exp5se ( trapp+ a gully-dra9 is ab\t #c p\nds2 at lea/ t is :at1 ,i und]/&1 ! ,commission]s ( ,sew]s are will+ to d x =4 ,n[ is x likely t any poor man1 hav+ "o ( ^! nuisances be=e 8 door1 w g to su* an exp5se to h x prev5t$4 ,x is probable t x w\ld be v good economy = him to d s1 ev5 if 8 :ole sav+s am\nt$ only to #c p\nds4 ,b we all "k t few m5 are f>-?9k+ en\gh to inve/ mu* ( _! capital 9 a ?+ :i* makes s little %[ z pure air4 ,:at d y f9d among/ ! ri*8 ,g ?r\gh ! great squ>es1 :]e1 9 "o night1 a man w lavi% on "s ent]ta9m5t :at w\ld almo/ purify 8 neighb\rhood1 & y w (t5 f9d ! same evils !re1 ?\gh 9 a diff]5t degree1 t y h met ) 9 ! mo/ cr[d$ p>ts ( ! t[n4 ,if ! ri* & great h s little c>e ab\t :at comes ,betwixt ! w9d & _! nobility y c h>dly expect p]sons1 ^: p]ception 9 su* matt]s is mu* less nice1 to h any c>e at all4 ,x is evid5t t ! heal? ( t[ns requires to be wat*$ by sci5tific m51 & improvem5ts con/antly urg$ on by p]sons :o take an especial int]e/ 9 ! subject4 ,if ,i 7 a despot1 ,i w\ld soon h a b& ( ,arnotts1 ,*adwicks1 ,s\?wood ,smi?s1 ,smi?s ( ,dean/on1 ,joneses1 & ! l2 & "o %\ld h gratifi$ a wis] ambition ?an ,augu/us if "o c\ld say ( any great t[n1 ,sordidam inv5i1 purgatam reliqui4 ,! supply ( wat] is ( c\rse "o ( ! *ief means = ! purification ( a t[n4 ,x is at pres5t1 ,i fe>1 griev\sly neglect$ ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry4 ,! ,sanit>y ,report draws att5tion to ! mode ( supply+ wat] to ,ba?1 & gas to ,man*e/]3 & adduces ! latt] z an in/ance ( ! practicability ( obta9+ supplies = ! common b5efit ( a t[n )\t ! ag5cy ( private companies4 ,& ,mr4 ,*adwick1 aft] a l5g!n$ inve/igation into ! subject :i* w well repay p]usal1 ?us concludes3 ,i v5ture to add1 z ! expression ( an op9ion f\nd$ on communications f all p>ts ( ! k+dom1 t z a highly important sanit>y measure connect$ ) any g5]al build+ regulations1 :e!r = villages or = any class ( t[ns1 arrangem5ts %\ld be made = all h\ses to be suppli$ ) good wat]1 & %\ld be prescrib$ z be+ z ess5tial to cleanl9ess & heal? z ! possession ( a ro( or ( due space2 t = ?is purpose1 & 9 places :]e ! supplies are n at pres5t satisfactory1 p[] %\ld be ve/$ 9 ! mo/ eligible local adm9i/rative body1 :i* w g5]ally be f\nd to be t hav+ *>ge ( cleans+ & /ructural arrangem5ts1 to procure prop] supplies = ! cleans+ ( ! /reets1 = sew]age1 = protection aga9/ fires1 z well z = dome/ic use4 ,x is possible t "s ( my read]s may ?9k t ! wret*$ /ate ( v5tilation1 dra9age1 & build+1 :i* ,i h be5 comm5t+ ^u1 is ma9ly to be acc\nt$ = by pov]ty4 ,x belongs1 !y may say1 to an old c\ntry2 x is ! long accumulat$ neglect ( ages2 x embodies ! _m vicissitudes ( trade :i* ,great ,brita9 has felt2 x is a ?+ :i* ! p w\ld rem$y = !mselves1 if y c\ld only give !m m employm5t & bett] wages4 ,9 answ] to ?is ,i w ref] to an au?ority quot$ by ,mr4 ,*adwick 9 8 ,essay on ! ,pressure & ,progress ( ! ,causes ( ,mortality1 read be=e ! ,/ati/ical ,society 9 #ahdc4 ,9 abundance ( employm5t1 9 high wages1 & ! *ief circum/ances commonly reput$ z elem5ts ( prosp]ity ( ! lab\r+ classes1 ! city ( ,new ,york is deem$ pre-em95t4 ,i h be5 fav\r$ ) a copy ( ',! ,annual ,report ( ! ,int]m5ts 9 ! ,city & ,c\nty ( ,new ,york = ! ,ye> #ahdb1' pres5t$ to ! ,common ,c\ncil by ,dr4 ,john ,griscom1 ! city inspector1 9 :i* x may be se5 h[ little ^? circum/ances h hi!rto pres]v$ l>ge masses ( p f physical depression4 ,he has /epp$ out ( ! r\t9e to exam9e on ! spot ! circum/ances att5dant on ! mortality :i* ! figures repres5t4 ,he f9ds t upw>ds ( #cc1jjj ( ! population ( t city live 9 cell>s1 c\rts1 & alleys1 ( :i* #ffah are dwell]s 9 cell>s4 ',_m1' he /ates1 '( ^! back places are s con/ruct$ z to cut (f all circulation ( air1 ! l9e ( h\ses be+ across ! entrance1 =m+ a cul de sac1 :ile ^? 9 :i* ! l9e is p>allel )1 & at "o side ( ! entrance1 are r m fav\rably situat$1 b /ill exclud$ f any g5]al visitation ( air 9 curr5ts4 ,z to ! influ5ce ( ^! localities ^u ! heal? & lives ( ! inmates1 !re is1 & c be1 no dispute2 b few are aw>e ( ! dreadful ext5t ( ! disease & suff]+ to be f\nd 9 !m4 ,9 ! damp1 d>k1 & *illy cell>s1 fev]s1 rheumatism1 contagi\s & inflammatory disord]s1 affections ( ! lungs1 sk91 & eyes1 & num]\s o!rs1 are rife1 & too (t5 successfully combat ! skill ( ! physician & ! b5evol5ce ( /rang]s4 ',i speak n[ ( ! influ5ce ( ! locality m]ely4 ,! degrad$ habits ( life1 ! deg5]ate morals1 ! conf9$ & cr[d$ ap>tm5ts1 & insuffici5t food1 ( ^? :o live 9 m elevat$ rooms1 comp>atively beyond ! rea* ( ! exhalations ( ! soil1 eng5d] a diff]5t tra9 ( diseases1 suffici5tly di/ress+ to contemplate2 b ! addition to all ^! causes ( ! f\l influ5ces ( ! incessant moi/ure & m conf9$ air ( "u-gr\nd rooms1 is productive ( evils :i* humanity _c reg>d )\t %udd]+4' ,he gives in/ances :]e ! cell> population _h be5 ravag$ by fev]1 :il/ ! population occupy+ ! upp] ap>tm5ts ( ! same h\ses 7 unt\*$4 ,9 respect to ! condition ( ^! places1 he cites ! te/imony ( a physician1 :o /ates t1 'frequ5tly 9 se>*+ = a pati5t liv+ 9 ! same cell>1 my att5tion has be5 attract$ to ! place by a peculi> & nause\s effluvium issu+ f ! door1 indicative ( ! nature & condition ( ! inmates4' ,a ma9 cause ( ?is is ! fil?y ext]nal /ate ( ! dwell+s & defective /reet cleans+ & defective supplies ( wat]1 :i*1 except t no provision is made = lay+ x on ! h\ses ( ! poor] classes1 is ab\t to be rem$i$ by a sup]ior public provision4 ,aft] consid]+ ?is acc\nt ( ! ,/ate ( ,new ,york1 x w h>dly d to say1 t1 ev5 "u fav\rable circum/ances1 y c leave ! great mass ( ! p to take c>e ( ^? /ructural arrangem5ts ) reg>d to _! habitations1 :i* only ! sci5tific rese>* ( mod]n times has taught any p]sons to reg>d ) due att5tion4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we h n[ gone ov] "s ( ! pr9cipal places :]e ! employ] ( lab\r may f9d scope = b5evol5t ex]tion4 ,x has be5 a mo/ in>tificial division ( ! subject1 b /ill "o t may be reta9$ 9 ! memory1 :i* is a /range creature1 n always to be b\nd by logic1 b l$ along by m9ute ties ( association1 among :i* ^? ( place are v /rong & cl++4 ,i n[ v5ture to discuss a bran* ( ! subject :i* c h>dly be ref]r$ to any p>ticul> spot1 unless1 inde$1 ,i 7 to "n ! manufactur]'s own h\se z ! fit gr\nd = x3 ,i mean ! social int]c\rse betwe5 ! employ]s & ! employ$4 ,"s p]sons w1 p]haps1 be />tl$ at ! phrase2 h>dly1 h[ev]1 ^? :o h come ?us f> ) me4 ,by social int]c\rse ,i d n m]ely mean t :i* w naturally take place 9 ! ord9>y *>ities1 su* z visit+ ! sick1 manag+ clo?+ societies1 & ! l3 b t int]c\rse :i* includes an int]*ange ( ?\ght1 an occasional community ( pursuit1 & an opportunity ( indirect in/ruction2 :i* may be frequ5t & ext5sive en\gh to avoid ! evil effects ( a s5se ( p]petual condesc5sion on "o side1 & timidity on ! o!r2 & :i* may give ! employ] "s *ance at lea/ ( le>n+ ! g5]al wants & wi%es ( 8 p1 & also ( appreciat+ _! individual *>act]s4 ,?is matt] is n an easy "o4 ,x requires tact1 pati5ce1 discretion1 & ! application ( sev]al ( ! maxims m5tion$ 9 ! prec$+ *apt]4 ,i am n sure h[ev]1 t x is any sacrifice :atev] 9 ! way ( pleasure4 ,! manufactur]'s family :o occasionally give an ev5+ to social int]c\rse ) _! p1 w n1 p]haps1 f9d t ev5+ less amus+ ?an _m t !y may pass ) _! equals4 ,! advantage1 to ! ris+ g5]ation ( work+ p1 ( "s int]c\rse ) _! bett]s1 w\ld be v great4 ,i mu/ "h quote ! au?ority ( "o :o has fully express$ 9 action ! b5evol5t views :i* he has indicat$ 9 ! foll[+ words4 ,no humble cottage y\? or maid5 w ev] acquire ! *>m ( pleas+ mann]s by rules1 or lectures1 or s]mons1 or legislation1 or any o!r ( ^? abortive means by :i* we f "t to "t endeav\r to *ange poor human nature1 if !y are n p]mitt$ to see :at !y are taught !y %\ld practise1 & to hold int]c\rse ) ^? ^: mann]s are sup]ior to _! own4 ,?is int]c\rse w probably lead to some?+ l accompli%m5ts among ! "y p4 ,"s ( !m w pr(it m ?an o!rs f ! mann]s & accompli%m5ts :i* !y w obs]ve4 ,& su* diff]5ces w create a high] ord] ( love among ! work+ p4 ,! mann]s ( "o sex w become diff]5t f ! mann]s ( ! o!r2 & ! diff]5ce ( individuals 9 ea* sex w be br\ght into play4 ,all ?is is fav\rable to morality4 ,:5 p "w at ! same k9d ( "w1 h no diff]5t pursuits to call out ! diff]5t qualities ( ! two sexes1 & h all ( !m mann]s ( ! same rude /amp1 y c h>dly expect t !re w be mu* to ennoble !m 9 _! affections4 ,b1 9 !mselves1 ! accompli%m5ts & acquirem5ts1 :i* work+ p may atta9 f social int]c\rse ) _! bett]s1 are great ?+s4 ,! same k9d-he>t$ employ]1 :om ,i h quot$ be=e1 speaks ?us ^u ! subject4 ,ano!r po9t :i* has appe>$ to me ( great importance is to provide z _m res\rces z possible ( int]e/ & amusem5t = _! leisure h\rs2 some?+ to :i* !y may return ) r5ew$ reli% :5 _! daily "w is done2 :i* may r5d] _! homes *e]ful & happy1 & may af=d subjects ( ?\ght1 conv]sation & pursuit among !m4 ,moreov]1 a habit ( att5tion1 & ev5 sci5tific modes ( ?\ght1 are (t5 call$ out 9 "y p :5 !y are le>n+ "s game4 ,besides to d any?+1 or "k any?+1 :i* is h>mless1 is b5eficial4 ,a man w n be a worse workman because he c play at cricket1 or at *ess2 or because he is a good draughtsman1 or c t\* "s musical in/rum5t ) skill4 ,he is likely to h m self-respect1 & to be a bett] citiz54 ,he _c succe$ 9 any?+ )\t att5tion & endurance4 ,& ^! are ! qualities :i* w enable him to behave reasonably 9 ! vicissitudes ( trade1 or to prep>e z mu* z possible aga9/ !m4 ,9 ! ,report on ! condition ( *ildr5 & "y p]sons employ$ 9 ,m9es & ,manufactures1 !re is "s rem>kable evid5ce giv5 by a man :o _h himself ris5 f ! /ate ( life :i* he describes4 ,x leads u to p]ceive ! great good :i* any improvem5t 9 ! dome/ic accompli%m5ts ( ! wom5 might be expect$ to produce4 ,he says1 ,*ildr5 dur+ _! *ildhood toil ?r\gh\t ! day1 acquir+ n ! lea/ dome/ic in/ruction to fit !m = wives & mo!rs4 ,i w "n "o in/ance2 & ?is applies to ! g5]al condition ( females doom$ to1 & br\ght up among/1 %op-"w4 ,my "m work$ 9 a manufactory f a v e>ly age4 ,%e 0 clev] & indu/ri\s2 &1 moreov]1 %e _h ! reputation ( be+ virtu\s4 ,%e 0 reg>d$ z an excell5t mat* = a work+ man4 ,%e 0 m>ri$ e>ly4 ,%e became ! "m ( elev5 *ildr53 ,i am ! elde/4 ,to ! be/ ( h] ability %e p]=m$ ! important duties ( a wife & "m4 ,%e 0 lam5tably defici5t 9 dome/ic k2 9 t mo/ important ( all human in/ruction1 h[ to make ! home & ! fireside to possess a *>m = h] husb& & *ildr51 %e _h nev] receiv$ "o s+le lesson4 ,%e _h *ildr5 apace4 ,z %e recov]$ f h] ly+-91 s %e w5t to "w1 ! babe be+ br\ght to h] at /at$ times to receive n\ri%m5t4 ,z ! family increas$1 s any ?+ l com=t disappe>$ altoge!r4 ,! p[] to make home *e]ful & com=table 0 nev] giv5 to h]4 ,%e knew n ! value ( *]i%+ 9 my fa!r's m9d a love ( dome/ic objects4 ,n "o mom5t's happ9ess did ,i ev] see "u my fa!r's ro(4 ,all ?is dismal /ate ( ?+s ,i c di/9ctly trace to ! entire & p]fect abs5ce ( all tra9+ & in/ruction to my "m4 ,he became intemp]ate2 & 8 intemp]ance made h] necessit\s4 ,%e made _m ef=ts to ab/a9 f %op-"w2 b h] pecuni>y necessities =c$ h] back into ! %op4 ,! family 0 l>ge1 & e mom5t 0 requir$ at home4 ,i h kn[n h]1 aft] ! close ( a h>d day's "w1 sit up ne>ly all night = sev]al nights toge!r wa%+ & m5d+ ( clo!s4 ,my fa!r c\ld h no com=t "h4 ,^! dome/ic obligations1 :i* 9 a well-regulat$ h\se 7ev5 9 t ( a work+ man1 :]e !re are prud5ce & good managem5t7 w\ld be done s z n to annoy ! husb&1 to my fa!r 7 a s\rce ( annoyance2 & he1 f an ignorant & mi/ak5 notion1 s\ght com=t 9 an aleh\se4 ,my "m's ignorance ( h\sehold duties2 my fa!r's consequ5t irritability & intemp]ance2 ! frightful pov]ty2 ! con/ant qu>rell+2 ! p]nici\s example to my bro!rs & si/]s2 ! bad effect ^u ! future conduct ( my bro!rs2 "o & all ( u be+ =c$ out to "w s "y t our feeble e>n+s w\ld produce only #as4 a-week2 cold & hung]1 & ! innum]able suff]+s ( my *ildhood1 cr[d ^u my m9d & ov]p[] me4 ,!y keep alive a deep anxiety = ! emancipation ( ! ?\s&s ( families 9 ?is great t[n & neighb\rhood1 :o are 9 a simil> /ate ( horrible mis]y4 ,my own exp]i5ce tells me t ! in/ruction ( ! females 9 ! "w ( a h\se1 9 tea*+ !m to produce *e]fulness & com=t at ! fireside1 w\ld prev5t a great am\nt ( mis]y & crime4 ,!re w\ld be few] drunk5 husb&s & disob$i5t *ildr54 ,z a work+ man1 )9 my own obs]vation1 female education is disgracefully neglect$4 ,i atta* m importance to x ?an to any ?+ else4 ,?is evid5ce is ! m significant1 because1 "o sees t ! poor woman _h ! mat]ial ( "* out ( :i* ! mo/ engag+ qualities might h be5 =m$4 ,let h] h se5 bett] ?+s 9 e>ly life1 & ev5 if h] s*ool+ _h be5 some:at defici5t1 _h %e b enjoy$ ! advantage ( su* social int]c\rse ) h] bett]s z we are n[ consid]+1 t poor woman might h be5 a s\rce ( joy & hope to h] family1 in/ead ( a c5tre ( repulsion4 ,dr4 ,cooke ,taylor1 9 8 ,t\r 9 ! ,manufactur+ ,di/ricts1 has giv5 a table1 :i* ,i subjo91 %[+ ! degree ( in/ruction1 age1 & sex2 ( ! p]sons tak5 into cu/ody1 summ>ily convict$1 or held to bail1 & tri$ & convict$1 9 ,man*e/]1 9 ! ye> #ahda4 ,! table 0 =m$ on /ati/ical details furni%$ by ,sir ,*>les ,%aw4 ,x %[s a /ate ( facts :i* has be5 d$uc$ f o!r tables ( a l nature1 b ! facts are ( su* mom5t1 t !y c h>dly be kept too mu* 9 m9d2 especially :5 we consid] t !re are l>ge t[ns 9 :i*1 z ,i h said be=e1 half at lea/ ( ! juv5ile population is gr[+ up )\t education ( any k9d :atev]4 #adg ,if su* are ! fav\rable results ev5 ( t small & sup]ficial education1 :i* by ! way ,i w\ld r call in/ruction ?an education1 describ$ 9 ! second & ?ird head+s ( ! table1 :at may we n expect f a tra9+ :]e ! y\? or maid5 f9ds 9 h] employ]s n only in/ructors1 b fri5ds & occasional companions8 ,:at /ore ( lab\r on ! "p ( judges1 jailors1 & policem51 mu/ be sav$ by ev5 a few ( su* employ]s4 ,,total ,,9 ,,! ,,ye> #ahda4 ,degree ( ,in/ruction #a4 ,nei!r ,read nor #b4 ,read only or #c4 ,read & ,write #d4 ,sup]ior ,write4 ,read ,write well4 ,in/ruction4 imp]fectly4 ,m4 ,f4 ,male4 ,fem4 ,male4 ,fem4 ,male4 ,fem4 ,male4 ,fem4 ,male4 ,fem4 #a/ ,class ,tak5 into #accde #iibe #cdbj #dija #bjgj #cidd #abah #hgc #aai #bjg #ac ,cu/ody #bnd ,class ,summ>ily #bach #affa #ddg #gie #bfe #ffj #aih #aic #ad #ac 4 4 ,convict$ or held to ,bail #crd ,class ,tri$ & #bd #fde #agi #bgg #ajj #bgf #gb #hb #g #aj 4 4 ,convict$ ,,ages4 ,"u #aj #aj ,ye>s1 #ae ,ye>s1 #bj ,ye>s1 #be ,ye>s1 #cj ,ye>s1 #dj ,ye>s1 #ej ,ye>s #fj ,ye>s1 ,ye>s ( age4 "u #ae4 "u #bj4 "u #be4 "u #cj4 "u #dj4 "u #ej4 "u #fj4 upw>ds4 ,male4 ,fem4 ,male4 ,fem4 ,male4 ,fem4 ,male4 ,fem4 ,male4 ,fem4 ,male4 ,fem4 ,male4 ,fem4 ,male4 ,fem4 ,male4 ,fem4 #a/ #fb #f #fha #hc #aeha #fef #bdbe #iji #ahje #gee #agge #ehb #ajah #bhd #dbb #he #aef #fj ,class #bnd #d 4 4 #aea #ag #cjb #hd #dah #aej #bfd #ic #cbg #ge #abi #ci #di #ad #ag #e ,class #crd 4 4 4 4 #cj #b #aej #ed #aif #fa #ig #ba #aji #be #dc #aa #ae #c #e #b ,class ,"s p]sons may object to enc\rag+ any?+ l ref9em5t among/ ! op]atives2 & o!rs1 :o w\ld h>dly object 9 op5 t]ms1 f9d x difficult to reconcile !mselves to ! idea ( x4 ,:atev] !re is 9 ?is repugnance t arises f any selfi% motive %\ld be in/antly ca/ aside4 ,d n let u be meanly afraid t ! classes bel[ u w tread too closely on our heels4 ,:at a disgrace x is1 if1 ) our mu* l>g] opportunities ( leisure1 ) pr(essions t dem& a p]petual ex]cise ( ! intellectual faculties1 we _c pres]ve1 on ! av]age1 an intellectual sup]iority fully equival5t to ! diff]5ce ( rank & /ation4 ,let ! va/ tracts n[ left b>r5 smile ) cultivation3 ! happi] l&s1 :i* ! riv]s ( civilization h enri*$ = ages1 w /ill ma9ta9 _! supremacy4 ,& rememb] ?is1 t e insight y give ! humbl] classes into ! va/ expanse ( k1 y give !m ! means ( e/imat+ ) a def]5ce f\nd$ on reason1 ^? p]sons :o d possess k ( any k9d4 ,let u h fai? t k mu/ 9 ! long run lead to good2 & let u n fancy t our prosp]ity z a class dep5ds ^u ! ignorance ( ^? b5ea? u4 ,has n our p>tial enlight5m5t taught u 9 "s measure to be reconcil$ to ! fact ( !re be+ classes above u8 ,& :y %\ld we fe> t k1 :i* smoo!s s _m ( ! rugg$ ?+s 9 life1 %\ld be f\nd unavail+ to s(t5 ! inequalities ( social di/9ction8 ,x is ! ignorant b>b>ians :o c pluck ! ,roman ,s5ate by ! be>d2 & :o1 9 ! dep? ( savag5ess1 c see no?+ 9 sex1 age1 /ation1 or (fice1 to dem& _! v5]ation4 ,make ! m5 ar\nd y m rational1 m in/ruct$1 m helpful1 m hopeful creatures if y c2 above all ?+s treat !m ju/ly3 & ,i ?9k y may put aside any appreh5sion ( di/urb+ ! economy ( ! v>i\s ord]s ( ! /ate4 ,& if x c be s di/urb$1 let x be4 ,:at ,i h said above is n drawn f airy fancies ( my own4 ,su* ?+s z ,i h sugge/$1 h be5 done4 ,i c\ld m5tion "o man1 :o might n1 h[ev]1 ?ank me = nam+ him1 :o has devot$ himself to ! social improvem5t ( 8 work+ p3 &1 )\t su* an example1 ,i %\ld nev]1 p]haps1 h ?\ght (1 or v5tur$ to put =w>d1 ! above sugge/ions ) respect to ! social int]c\rse betwe5 ma/]s & m54 ,x is ! same b5evol5t manufactur] f ^: lett]s to ,mr4 ,horn] ,i h made extracts be=e4 ,! g5]al sy/em on :i* he has act$ may be be/ expla9$ 9 8 own words4 ,9 all plans = ! education ( ! lab\r+ classes my object w\ld be n to raise any individuals among !m above _! condition1 b to elevate ! condition itself4 ,= ,i am n "o ( ^? :o ?9k t ! highe/ ambition ( a work+ man %\ld be to rise above ! /ation 9 :i* ,provid5ce has plac$ him1 or t he %\ld be taught to believe t because ! humble/1 x is !re=e ! lea/ happy & desirable condition ( humanity4 ,?is is1 inde$1 a v common notion among ! work+ classes ( ! p1 & a v natural "o2 & x has be5 enc\rag$ by _m ( _! sup]iors1 :o h int]e/$ !mselves 9 ! cause ( popul> improvem5t1 & h und]tak5 to direct & /imulate _! ex]tions4 ,examples h con/antly be5 held up ( m5 :o by unusual ability & pr(ici5cy 9 "s bran* ( sci5ce _h rais$ !mselves above ! condition ( _! bir?1 & ris5 to em95ce & weal?2 & ^! in/ances h be5 dwelt ^u & repeat$1 9 a mann]1 t1 :e!r int5tionally or n1 produces ! impression t positive & sci5tific k is ! summum bonum ( human education1 & t to rise above our /ation 9 life1 %\ld be ! great object ( our ex]tion4 ,?is is n my cre$4 ,i am satisfi$ t x is an errone\s "o1 9 any sy/em ( education = any class ( m54 ,our object ought to be1 n to produce a few clev] individuals1 di/+ui%$ above _! fell[s by _! comp>ative sup]iority1 b to make ! great mass ( individuals on :om we are op]at+1 virtu\s1 s5sible1 well-in=m$1 & well-br$ m54 ,& aga9 he /ates t 8 object is to %[ to 8 p & to o!rs1 t !re is no?+ 9 ! nature ( _! employm5t1 or 9 ! condition ( _! humble lot1 t condemns !m to be r\gh1 vulg>1 ignorant1 mis]able1 or poor3--t !re is no?+ 9 ei!r t =bids !m to be well-br$--well-in=m$1 well-mann]$--& surr\nd$ by e com=t & enjoym5t t c make life happy2--9 %ort1 to asc]ta9 & to prove :at ! condition ( ?is class ( p might be made--:at x ought to be made--:at is ! int]e/ ( all p>ties t x %\ld be made4 99 99 99 99 99 ,be=e conclud+ ?is *apt]1 ,i mu/ say a few m words on ! g5]al subject ( int]f]5ce4 ,no "o c be m av]se ?an ,i am to unnecess>y int]f]5ce1 or m ready to p]ceive ! _m evils :i* att5d x4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 ! dang] ( c>ry+ non-int]f]5ce into inhumanity4 ,mank9d are s accu/om$ to ! idea t gov]nm5t ma9ly consi/s 9 co]cion1 t !y sometimes f9d x difficult to consid] int]f]5ce1 ev5 z appli$ to b5evol5t und]tak+s1 & = social gov]nm5t1 9 any o!r ?an a bad light4 ,b take ! rule ( a fa!r1 :i* is ! type ( all good gov]nm5t1 t "u :i* ! div9e jurisdiction has be5 graci\sly express$ to u4 ,consid] h[ a wise fa!r w act z reg>ds int]f]5ce4 ,8 anxiety w n be to drag 8 *ild along1 undeviat+ly1 9 ! wake ( 8 own exp]i5ce2 b r1 to endue him ) t k ( ! *>t & compass1 & t habitual obs]vation ( ! />s1 :i* w enable ! *ild1 himself1 to /e] safely ov] ! great wat]s4 ,su* a fa!r w n be unreasonably solicit\s to assimilate 8 son's "* or purposes to 8 own4 ,he w n fall into ! error ( suppos+ t exp]i5ce is altoge!r a transf]able commodity4 ,! greate/ good :i* he designs = 8 son w1 p]haps1 be t :i* he c give him indirectly1 & :i* he may nev] speak to ! y\? ab\t4 ,he w seek to surr\nd him ) good opportunities & fav\rable means3 & ev5 :5 he int]f]es m directly1 he w endeav\r1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 to lead r ?an to compel1 s t "s room = *oice may /ill be left4 ,n ?9k+ t 8 own p[]1 8 own dignity1 8 own advantage are ! *ief objects = him to look to1 8 imag9ation w (t5 be ) ^? :om he rules2 & he w ?us be able to look at 8 own conduct ) _! eyes1 n ) 84 ,?is1 alone1 w keep him f a multiplicity ( errors4 ,n[ ! same pr9ciples1 actuat$ by ! same k9d ( love1 %\ld be at ! bottom ( all social gov]nm5t4 ,i believe t we %all be bett] able 9 practice to place wise limits to int]f]5ce by regulat+ & enlight5+ ! animus :i* prompts x1 ?an by lay+ d[n rules = its action det]m9$ ^u ab/ract consid]ations4 ,! attempt to fix su* rules is n to be despis$2 b if ! p]sons1 or society1 ab\t to int]f]e on any occasion1 desir$ a good object f "r motives1 ,i ?9k !y w\ld h ! be/ *ance ( keep+ !mselves f us+ wrong means4 ,9 _m cases1 an unwise int]f]5ce takes place f a p>tial appreh5sion ( ! good to be aim$ at3 enl>ge & exalt ! object2 let x n be "o-sid$2 & probably ! mode ( atta9+ x w p>take l>gely ( ! wisdom %[n 9 ! *oice ( x4 ,if1 = in/ance1 a gov]nm5t saw t x _h to enc\rage1 n only judici\s physical arrangem5ts1 b m5tal & moral developm5t1 among/ ^? :om x gov]ns1 x w\ld be v cauti\s ( suppress+1 or int]f]+ )1 any good ?+ :i* ! p w\ld accompli% = !mselves4 ,! same ) a private individual1 an employ] ( lab\r = in/ance1 if he values ! indep5d5ce ( "* & action 9 ^? :om he employs1 he w be c>eful 9 all 8 b5evol5t measures1 to leave room = _! en]gy to "w4 ,:at does he want to produce8 ,some?+ vital1 n some?+ me*anical4 ,x is (t5 a defici5cy ( b5evol5ce1 & n an ov]fl[1 t makes p int]f]+ 9 a bad s5se4 ,frequ5tly ! same _s :i* w\ld make a man a tyrant 9 gov]nm5t1 w\ld make him a busy-body1 a m$dl]1 or a p$antic =mali/1 9 ! relations ( ord9>y life4 ,i h tak5 ! in/ance ( fa!r & son1 :i* might be suppos$ by _m z "o 9 :i* extreme int]f]5ce 0 n only ju/ifiable1 b requisite4 ,9 /at+ h[ necess>y x is ev5 !re to be v c>eful z reg>ds ! ext5t & mode ( int]f]5ce1 ,i leave my read]s to e/imate h[ ess5tial x mu/ be 9 all o!r cases :]e ! relation is n ( t closely connect$ "*4 ,i believe t ! p>5tal relation w be f\nd ! be/ model on :i* to =m ! duties ( ! employ] to ! employ$2 call+1 z x does1 = active ex]tion1 requir+ ! mo/ wat*ful t5d]ness1 & yet limit$ by ! /ricte/ rules ( prud5ce f intr5*+ on t fre$om ( ?\ght & action :i* is necess>y = all spontane\s developm5t4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,s\rces ,,( ,,b5evol5ce4 ,!re is a common phrase :i* is likely to become a mo/ p[]ful antagoni/ to any argum5ts t h be5 put =w>d 9 ! =ego+ pages3 & ,i ?9k x w\ld be good policy = me to comm5ce ! attack1 & endeav\r to expose its weakness 9 ! fir/ in/ance4 ,if y propose any exp]im5t = rem$y+ an evil1 x is ne>ly sure to be obs]v$ t y\r plan is well en\gh 9 !ory1 b t x is n practical4 ,"u t insidi\s ^w practical lurk _m mean+s4 ,p are apt to ?9k t a ?+ is n practical1 unless x has be5 tri$1 is imm$iate 9 its op]ation1 or has "s selfi% end 9 view4 ,_m :o d n include1 ei!r av[$ly1 or really1 ! two latt] mean+s1 incl9e1 almo/ unconsci\sly p]haps1 to adopt ! =m]1 & ?9k t a plan1 ( :i* ! effects are n =ekn[n1 _c be practical4 ,e new ?+1 f ,*ri/ianity d[nw>ds1 has be5 suspect$1 & slight$1 by su* m9ds4 ,all t is greate/ 9 sci5ce1 art1 or song1 has met ) a *ill+ reception f !m4 ,:5 ?is appreh5sive timidity ( !irs is jo9$ to a cold or selfi% _s1 y c at be/ expect an ,epicurean deportm5t f !m4 ,w>m+ !mselves 9 ! sun ( _! own prosp]ity1 !y soo! _! consci5ces by say+ h[ little c be done = ! unf$1 %iv]+1 multitude ar\nd !m4 ,su* m5 may ?9k t x is practical wisdom to make life z palatable z x c be1 tak+ no responsibility t c be avoid$1 & %utt+ out assidu\sly ! consid]ation ( o!r m5's tr\bles f _! m9ds4 ,su*1 h[ev]1 is n ! wisdom inculcat$ 9 t religion :i*1 z ,goe! well says1 is gr\nd$ on ,rev]5ce = :at is "u u1 & :i* tea*es u to recognize humility & pov]ty1 mock]y & despite1 disgrace & wret*$ness1 suff]+ & dea?1 z ?+s div9e4 ,!re is a class ( m5 utt]ly diff]5t f ^? above allud$ to1 :o1 f> f ent]ta9+ any ,epicurean s5tim5ts1 are prone to view ) fe> ! good ?+s ( ?is _w4 ,&1 inde$1 see+ ! multi=m suff]+ :i* is int]tw9$ ) e v>iety ( human life1 a man 9 pres5t ease & well-be+ may naturally feel z if he _h n 8 %>e ( :at is h>d to be endur$4 ,! fanatic may seek a refuge f prosp]ity1 or /rive to elevate 8 own nature1 by self-inflict$ tortures2 b "o1 :o adds wisdom to s5sibility1 f9ds 9 8 own well-be+ an additional motive = b5evol5t ex]tions4 ,x is surely bad managem5t :5 a man does n make a l>ge "p ( 8 self-sacrifices subs]vi5t to ! welf>e ( 8 fell[-m54 ,9 active life no?+ avails m ?an self-d5ial2 & !re its trials are v>y+ & multif>i\s3 b ascetics1 by plac+ _! fav\rite virtue 9 retirem5t1 made x dw9dle d[n into "o =m only ( self-re/ra9t4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i suppose !re are few read]s ( hi/ory :o h n occasionally turn$ f its pages ) disgu/1 confusion1 a crav+ = any gr\nds ( disbelief1 & a melan*oly d>kness ( s\l4 ,x c h>dly be o!rwise1 :5 y read1 = in/ance1 ( ! colossal brutalities ( ! ,roman ,emp]ors1 _m ( :om indulg$ 9 a sportive cruelty to _! fell[ m51 :i* rem9ds "o ( *ildr5 ) insects4 ,:5 y f9d1 aga91 "s mighty ,ma/] ( ! ,_w1 r5[n$ = val\r1 & = prud5ce1 "o ( ^? emphatically call$ ! ,good ,emp]ors1 k9dly pres5t+ hundr$s ( m5 to kill ea* o!r = ! amusem5t ( ! ,roman multitude--:5 y are told t t multitude conta9$1 :at may h be5 = t age1 good m51 & g5tle wom5--:51 pass+ l[] d[n ! turbid /ream ( ! record$ pa/1 y read ( ,popes & ,c>d9als1 ,inquisitors & ,bi%ops1 m5 :o mu/ h he>d f "t to "t "s portions ( ! holy words ( m]cy & ( love1 :5 y f9d !m1 ,i say1 c\nsell+ & plott+ & execut+1 ! f\le/ de$s ( blood--:51 desc5d+ l[] /ill1 y approa* ^? days :5 law became ! tyrant's fav\rite sc\rge1 & y f9d ! legal slave tell+ 8 ma/] h[ he has int]rogat$ "s poor wret* 9 torture1 be=e torture1 aft] torture1 & betwe5 torture--:5 y h "s insight into :at t ?+ torture 01 by contra/+ ! h&-writ+ ( ! di/ract$ suff]] be=e & aft] 8 exam9ation--:51 to y\r surprise1 y read t ^! v victims ( p]secution1 7 !mselves re/less & dissatisfi$1 unless !y c\ld direct ! arm ( p[] aga9/ ano!r p]secut$ race--& :51 com+ to y\r own day1 y f9d t m51 sep>at$ f y by di/ance1 ?\gh n by "t1 c %[ ! utmo/ recklessness ( human life1 if diff]5tly col\r$ f _! own4 ,pond]+ ov] ^! ?+s1 y\r he>t may well seek com=t 9 ! ?\ght t ^! tyrants 71 or are1 rude m51 ( iron frame1 ready to inflict1 ready !mselves to suff]4 ,x is n s4 ,a ,n]o cl+s to 8 own life ) abject solicitude4 ,a ,l\is ! ,elev5?1 :o c\ld keep o!r m5 9 cages1 we>ies ,heav5 ) pray]s1 & ,e>? ) /range devices1 to pres]ve 8 own grotesque exi/5ce4 ,a ,james ! ,fir/1 :o c sanction at ! lea/1 if n direct1 ! torture to be appli$ to a poor1 old1 cl]gyman1 0 yet 9 ! ma9 a s(t-he>t$ man1 c feel mo/ t5d]ly = a brok5 limb ( any fav\rite1 h an anxi\s affection = ,/e5ie & ,baby ,*>les1 & an und\bt$1 & provid5t1 reg>d = 8 own sacr$ p]son4 ,:at %all we say1 too1 ( t ,*ancellor ( 81 a man1 l 8 ma/]1 ( a s(t he>t1 full ( ! wide/ humanity1 & yet1 z f> z we "k1 unconsci\s ( ! horror ( ^? ill do+s transact$ 9 8 own great pres5ce8 ,:y is x t ,i recall ^! ?+s8 ,:y d ,i br+ =w>d :at _m ( u1 =gett+ ! iron weight ) :i* ! s5tim5ts ( 8 age press d[n ev5 ^u ! mightie/ g5ius1 might look ^u z a humiliat+ circum/ance f> great] ?an x is1 9 ! life ( a man we ought all to love s mu*8 ,is hi/ory a ?+ done away )1 or is n ! pa/ = ev] 9 ! pres5t8 ,& is x n b too probable t we ourselves are occasionally guilty ( ?+s :i*1 = our lights1 are z sad ab]rations z ^? :i*1 9 read+ ( ! pa/1 we h dwelt ^u ) ! pr(\nde/ pity1 & turn$ away f 9 ov]:elm+ amazem5t8 ,are we q sure t none ( ! vices ( tyranny re/ ) u2 & t we individually1 or nationally1 h n to answ] = any c>elessness ( human life or = any indiff]5ce to human suff]+8 99 99 99 99 99 ,:at is x t has put a /op to _m ( ! obvi\s atrocities ,i allude to z disgrac+ ! page ( hi/ory8 ,! introduction ( "s great idea1 ! recognition1 probably1 9 "s di/9ct =m ( ! comm& to d unto o!rs z y w\ld !y %\ld d unto y4 ,& ?is is :at is want$ ) reg>d to ! relation ( ! employ] & employ$4 ,once let ! m9ds ev5 ( a few m5 be imbu$ ) an ampl] view ( ?is relation1 & x is sc>cely possible to e/imate ! good t may foll[4 ,ar\nd t j idea :at civilization may n gr[ up6 ,y gaze at ! l(ty ca!dral 9 ! mid/ ( n>r[ /reets & squalid build+s1 b all welcome to y\r sight z ! places :]e mis]able m5 fir/ f\nd sanctu>y2 y pass on & look ) pleasure at ! ri* %ops & com=table dwell+s2 & !n y f9d y\rself among/ ample /reets1 /ately squ>es1 & ! palaces ( ! great1 ) _! columns & _! /atues3 & if !n y turn y\r ?\ghts to ! complex v>ieties ( mod]n life1 & ! progress ( civilization & humanity1 may y n see ! same ?+ !re2 h[ all t is good1 & m]ciful1 & holy1 is to be trac$ up to "s ca!dral tru?s1 at fir/ little und]/ood1 j re/ra9+ rude m5 f bloody de$s1 & !n gradually ext5d+ into daily life1 be+ wov5 into our famili> ?\ghts1 & %$d+ light1 & security1 & sanctity1 ar\nd u8 ,&1 z ! travell]'s fir/ impulse1 :5 he rises 9 ! morn+ aft] 8 j\rney1 is to cat* a glimpse ( t fam\s build+ :i* mu/ ev] be ! ?+ mo/ wor?y ( note 9 ! city2 s1 9 y\r travels1 w\ld y n look fir/ = ^! ca!dral tru?s1 & delight to recognize _! b5efic5t influ5ce :]ev] y may meet ) any?+ t is good 9 man8 99 99 99 99 99 ,& n[1 read]1 ,i h come to ! close ( ?is ,essay4 ,i d n ass]t t ,i h br\ght =w>d any specific1 or ev5 any new rem$y ( a p>tial nature1 = ! evils ,i h enum]at$4 ,inde$ ,i h n fe>$ to reit]ate hackni$ tru?s4 ,b y may be sure1 t if y d n f9d y\rself recurr+ aga9 & aga9 to ! mo/ ord9>y maxims1 y d n draw y\r obs]vations f real life4 ,oh1 if we c\ld b beg9 by believ+ & act+ ^u "s ( ! v]ie/ common places6 ,b x is ) pa9 & grief t we come to und]/& our fir/ copy-book s5t5ces4 ,z to ! facts1 too1 on :i* ,i h gr\nd$ my reason+s1 !y are mo/ly well kn[n1 or might be s2 = ,i h be5 cont5t to foll[ o!r m5's /eps1 & s assi/ 9 we>+ a pa?way = ! public m9d4 ,i am well aw>e t ,i h left unt\*$ _m matt]s be>+ closely on ! subject1 m closely1 p]haps1 "s ( my read]s w ?9k1 ?an ! topics ,i h tak54 ,9 ! fields1 h[ev]1 ( politics1 & political economy1 !re are _m reap]s3 & ! "p ( ! subject :i* ,i h *os5 seem$ to me ( suffici5t importance to be consid]$ by itself4 ,i "k t 9 mu* ( :at ,i h said1 ,i h t\*$ ) an unpractis$ h&1 ^u matt]s :i* "s ( ^? :o are great employ]s ( lab\r w h exam9$ & ma/]$ ?or\ghly4 ,/ill1 let !m rememb]1 t x is "o ?+ to criticise1 & ano!r to act4 ,_! v famili>ity ) ! subject may r5d] !m dull to ! means ( do+ good :i* _! position af=ds !m4 ,we pass mu* ( our "t 9 ?9k+ :at we might d if we 7 some:at diff]5t f :at we are2 & ! duties appropriate to our pres5t position invite our att5tion 9 va94 99 99 99 99 99 ,to o!rs ,i may say1 !re is no?+ 9 ^! pages1 p]haps1 t w exactly po9t out ! pa? mo/ fitt+ = y to take2 /ill ,i _c b ?9k t s _m h be5 indicat$1 t y w h no difficulty 9 f9d+ "s "o t may lead to ! ma9 object if y\r he>t is set ^u x4 ,if y ?r[ b a mite into ! treasury ( good w :i* ought to exi/ betwe5 ! employ]s & ! employ$1 y d some?+ t[>ds reliev+ "o ( ! great burd5s ( ?is age1 possibly ( all ages2 y aid 9 cem5t+ toge!r ! v>i\s ord]s ( ! /ate2 y are "o ( ^? :o anticipate revolutions by do+ "s little "p ( _! duty t[>ds ! m5 ( _! own "t2 &1 if y want any rew>d to allure y on1 y w f9d x 9 ! increas$ affection t[>ds y\r fell[s :i* y w always h1 :5 y h endeav\r$ to be j to !m4 ,b ,i w\ld wi% to put m solemn consid]ations be=e y4 ,ask y\rself1 if mak+ all all[ance = ! diff]5ce ( times & c\ntries1 y ?9k t ! paym5t ( poor rates1 ( itself1 fulfils ! comm& to visit ! sick1 clo! ! nak$1 & fe$ ! hungry4 ,dep5d ^u x1 our duties1 h[ev] !y may be v>i$ by ! diff]5t circum/ances ( diff]5t p]iods1 _c be satisfi$ by any ?+ t ! /ate dem&s ( u1 or c d = u4 ,we h ea*1 f ! highe/ to ! l[e/1 a circle ( dep5d5ts4 ,we say t ,k+s are ,god's ,viceg]5ts ^u e>?3 b almo/ e human be+ has at "o "t or o!r ( 8 life1 a portion ( ! happ9ess ( ^? ar\nd him 9 8 p[]1 :i* might make him tremble1 if he did b see x 9 all its fullness4 ,b at any rate1 ! relation ( ma/] & man is a matt] ( manife/ & l>ge importance4 ,x p]vades all societies1 & affects ! gr[? & security ( /ates 9 ! mo/ rem>kable & pregnant mann]2 x requires ! nice/ c>e2 gives ex]cise to ! highe/ moral qualities2 has a l>ge "p 9 civil life2 a l>g] "p 9 dome/ic life2 & our conduct 9 x w surely be no mean portion ( ! acc\nt :i* we %all h to r5d] 9 ! life t is to come4 ,,app5dix4 ,accord+ to tables ( :i* ,mr4 ,gra+] /ates t he has asc]ta9$ ! g5]al accuracy1 ! proportionate numb]s among ! work+-classes 9 ! ,birm+ham di/rict at pres5t receiv+ education are z foll[s3--,out ( a population ( #ahj1jjj p]sons1 #aj1ijb or #f4je p] c5t4 att5d day or ev5+ s*ools only2 #d1ada or #b4cj p] c5t4 att5d bo? day or ev5+ & ,sunday-s*ools2 #ab1faf or #g4ja p] c5t4 att5d a ,sunday-s*ool only2 mak+ a total ( #bg1fei or #ae4cf p] c5t4 ( ! population att5d+ s*ools ( "s k9d or o!r4 ,( ?is numb]-- #e1hce are "u #e or above #ae ye>s ( age2 leav+ #ba1hbd *ildr5 betwe5 ! ages ( #e & #ae att5d+ s*ool 9 ! bor\gh ( ,birm+ham at ! "t ! s*ools 7 visit$4 ,accord+ to ! population ab/racts ( #ahba & #ahca1 "o-f\r? ( ! total population consi/s ( *ildr5 betwe5 ^! ages4 ,h5ce x w\ld appe>1 t ( ! #de1jjj betwe5 ! ages ( #e & #ae 9 ! bor\gh ( ,birm+ham-- #ba1hbd or #dh4e p] c5t4 7 receiv+ in/ruction 9 day & ,sunday-s*ools2 & #bc1agf or #ea4e p] c5t4 7 n f\nd receiv+ in/ruction 9 ei!r day or ,sunday-s*ools )9 ! bor\gh ( ,birm+ham4 7,gra+]1 ,evid5ce3 ,app4 ,pt4 ,i41 p4 f #ahe1 #a4 #ac47 ,9 ! ,wolv]hampton di/rict1 includ+ ! neighb\r+ t[ns ( ,will5hall1 ,bil/on1 ,w$nesfield1 ,s$gley1 ,d>la/on1 & also 9 ! t[ns ( ,dudley1 ,walsall1 ,w$nesbury1 & ,/\rbridge1 ?\gh !re are _m day-s*ools1 yet ! *ief means reli$ on = ! education ( ! work+ classes are ,sunday-s*ools4 ,9 ! ,collegiate ,*ur* di/rict 9 ! t[n ( ,wolv]hampton1 conta9+ a population ( f #af1jjj to #bj1jjj p]sons1 !re is no ,national or ,briti% ,s*ool4 ,!re is n a s+le s*ool1 read+-room1 or l5d+ libr>y atta*$ to any ( ! manufactories1 f\ndries1 or o!r works1 ) "o exception ne> ,w$nesbury2 !re are no ev5+-s*ools1 & !re is only "o indu/rial s*ool 9 ^! di/ricts1 namely1 at ,w$nesbury4 ,x is /at$ 9 evid5ce t ! great majority ( ! *ildr5 receive no education at all2 t n "o half ( !m g ev5 to ! ,sunday-s*ools1 & t ^? :o d g to ^! s*ools seldom att5d !m ) regul>ity4 ,?r\gh\t ! :ole ( ^! di/ricts1 ! proportion t c read is repres5t$ z be+ unusually small2 "s :o /at$ t !y c\ld read1 :5 exam9$1 7 f\nd unable to read a ^w2 & out ( #da witnesses "u eighte5 ye>s ( age exam9$ at ,d>la/on1 only f\r c\ld write _! names4 7,horne1 ,report3 ,app4 ,pt4 ,,ii41 p4 ,q #af1 ss4 #ahb et seq47 ,! numb] ( *ildr5 on ! books at ! diff]5t s*ools 9 ,%effield1 compris+ e description ( s*ools1 says ,mr4 ,symons1 0 made ! subject ( m9ute & accurate inquiry 9 #ahch1 by ! ,rev4 ,?omas ,sutton1 ! vic>2 & ,i h reason to believe t no mat]ial diff]5ce has tak5 place 9 ! am\nt ( s*ol>s taught at ! 'common' & 'middl+' private day-s*ools s9ce ,mr4 ,sutton's c5sus 0 made4 ,f ?is c5sus x appe>s t ! maximum numb] ( *ildr5 on ! books ( ! diff]5t day-s*ools1 includ+ ! infant-s*ools1 is #hjj2 b on a p]sonal exam9ation ( ^! s*ools by ! ,sub-,commission]1 he /ates t a l>ge proportion1 no less ?an #bf4dg p] c5t4 out ( ! total numb] on ! books1 mu/ be d$uct$ z be+ cont9ually abs5t4 ,assum+1 !re=e1 he cont9ues1 t ! s*ools ?us e/imat$ are a crit]ion ( ! re/ 7& !y are c]ta9ly sup]ior71 ! numb] :o att5d ! s*ools out ( ! #hjjj on ! books is only #ehfi4 ,( ! numb] pres5t at ! s*ools visit$1 :5 probably ! lea/ in/ruct$ 7 abs5t1 x appe>s t #de4hc p] c5t4 7 unable to read fairly1 & t #fc4dc p] c5t4 c\ld n write fairly4 ,tak+ ?is z an index to ! education ( ! total numb] on ! books1 x results t1 ( ! :ole #hjjj1 #dccc only c read fairly1 & #bibe only c write fairly1 or1 9 o!r t]ms1 h atta9$ an elem5tal education4 ,! population ( ,%effield p>i% is comput$ to be #abc1jjj4 ,( ?is numb] x is assum$ t at lea/ "o-fif? w consi/ ( *ildr5 betwe5 ! ages ( ?ree & ?irte54 ,!re w be !re=e #bd1fjj4 ,( ^! m ?an two-?irds w be ( ! work+ classes3 at lea/ #af1ejj1 !n1 ( ^! classes are ( an age at :i* !y ought to be receiv+ education at day-s*ools2 yet little m ?an "o-?ird ( ?is numb]1 viz4 "o only out ( #b4h att5d day-s*ools4 ,x is impossible to asc]ta9 :at proportion ( ^? :o d n att5d day-s*ools c read or write2 b z x is c]ta9 t !y are less in/ruct$ by at lea/ "o-half1 ,i h e reason to believe t1 out ( ! total #af1ejj work+ class *ildr51 n above #f1ejj c read fairly4 ,among ! old] y\?s !re is /ill less education1 = !y h _h m "t to =get ! little !y 7 =m]ly taught4 ,?is e/imate is s ?or\ghly corroborat$ by ! mo/ tru/wor?y evid5ce ,i h receiv$1 t ,i ent]ta9 ! belief t two-?irds ( ! work+ class *ildr5 & "y p]sons are gr[+ up 9 a /ate ( ignorance1 & are unable to read4 ,on ! books ( ! ,sunday-s*ools !re 7 dur+ ! la/ ye> #bbeh1 ( :i* ! av]age att5dance 0 only #agjh4 ,f ?is x appe>s t #bd4dj p] c5t4 or ne>ly a qu>t]1 are abs5t ( ! :ole numb] on ! books ( ! ,sunday-s*ools4 7,report3 ,app4 ,pt4 ,i4 pp4 ,e #ah et seq4 ss4 #acf1 #ach1 #add-adh1 #aej1 #aea47 ,9 ! returns f ! ,w>r+ton di/rict x is /at$ t ne>ly ?ree-f\r?s ( ! *ildr5 c read2 b ! ,sub-,commission] reports t ( ?is numb] n9e-t5?s c only give ! s\nd ( a few monosyllables2 t !y h j acquir$ s mu* k 9 ! ,sunday-s*ools1 & t !y w probably atta9 to little m dur+ _! lives4 7,au/91 ,report3 ,app4 ,pt4 ,,ii4 p4 ,m #ai1 ss4 #abe et seq47 ,report on ! ,physical & ,moral ,condition ( ! ,*ildr5 & "y ,p]sons employ$ 9 ,m9es & ,manufactures4 ,,ii4 ,,an ,,essay ,,on ,,! ,,means ,,( ,,improv+ ,,! ,,heal? ,,& ,,increas+ ,,! ,,com=t ,,( ,,! ,,lab\r+ ,,classes4 ,?is ,essay is *iefly bas$ on evid5ce respect+ ! condition ( ! lab\r+ classes 9 t[ns4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 necess>y1 on t acc\nt1 to consid] ! subject z apply+ to ^? classes only4 ,!re is good reason to believe t ! /ate ( ! agricultural lab\r]s does n diff] mu*1 at lea/ 9 k9d1 f t ( ! work+ p 9 t[ns4 ,! rem$ies = ! evils 9 bo? are ( ! same nature2 & :atev] results are arriv$ at ) respect to ! heal? ( t[ns may g5]ally be adapt$1 )\t mu* difficulty1 to ! wants ( ! rural population4 ,london1 ,feb4 #f1 #ahde4 ,,*ap4 ,i4 ,,di/ress ,,among/ ,,! ,,lab\r+ ,,classes4 ,kn[+ t !re is an elem5t ( decay 9 any ov]-/atem5t1 ,i 0 v anxi\s1 9 ! =m] ,essay1 to avoid ev5 ! lea/ exagg]ation 9 describ+ ! di/ress$ /ate ( ! lab\r+ p4 ,?is anxiety 01 9 t case1 ne$less4 ,an elaborate ,report has s9ce be5 publi%$ by ! ,heal? ( ,t[ns ,commission2 & ! evid5ce !re giv5 m ?an be>s out ! /atem5ts :i* ,i !n made4 ,inde$1 ! condition ( a l>ge "p ( ! lab\r+ classes1 z se5 9 ?is ,report1 is evid5tly "o :i* endang]s ! exi/5ce among/ !m ( economy1 dec5cy1 or morality4 ,y may !re see h[ m ?an savage is savage life l$ 9 a great city4 ,dr4 ,s\?wood ,smi? 9 8 evid5ce says1 ,! exp]im5t has be5 long tri$ on a l>ge scale ) a dreadful success1 af=d+ ! demon/ration t if1 f e>ly infancy1 y all[ human be+s to live l brutes1 y c degrade !m d[n to _! level1 leav+ !m sc>cely m intellect1 & no feel+s & affections prop] to human m9ds & he>ts4 ,he m5tions t x has happ5$ to him1 9 8 visits to ! poor1 z ,physician to ! ,ea/]n ,disp5s>y1 to be unable to /ay 9 ! room1 ev5 to write ! prescription4 ,:at mu/ x be1 he adds1 to live 9 su* an atmosph]e1 & to g ?r\gh ! process ( disease 9 x8 ,9 ano!r place he says1 ,y _c 9 fact cure4 ,z long z ! poor rema9 9 ! situations :i* produce _! disease1 ! prop] rem$ies = su* disease _c be appli$ to !m4 ,?is /ate ( ?+s1 too1 accord+ to ! same au?ority1 is advanc+ on u3 ,:atev] may be ! cause1 ! fact is c]ta91 t at ! pres5t "t an epidemic is prevail+1 :i* lays pro/rate ! p[]s ( life m rapidly & completely ?an any o!r epidemic t has appe>$ = a long s]ies ( ye>s4 ,! exp]i5c$ /ud5t ( hi/ory1 read+ ( long w>s1 looks = _! consummation 9 ! com+ pe/il5ce4 ,ga!r+ itself up1 n[ f ! ravag$ t]ritory1 n[ f ! beleagu]$ t[n1 n[ f ! c>nage ( ! battle field1 ?is awful =m arises at la/ 9 its full /r5g?1 & ru%+ ov] ! _w1 leaves f> beh9d man's puny ef=ts at ext]m9ation4 ,we h a dome/ic pe/il5ce1 x seems1 dwell+ ) u2 & if we look into ! causes ( t1 %all we f9d less to blame1 or less to m\rn ov]1 ?an 9 ! insane w>s :i* are ! m ackn[l$g$ h]alds ( ?is swift de/ruction8 ,b1 to return to detail4 ,mr4 ,toynbee1 "o ( ! surgeons ( ! ,/4 ,george's & ! ,/4 ,james's ,disp5s>y1 tells u3 ,9 ! class ( pati5ts to our disp5s>y1 ne>ly all ! families h b a s+le room ea*1 & a v great numb] h only "o b$ to ea* family4 ,! /ate ( ?+s 9 respect to morals1 z well z heal?1 ,i sometimes f9d to be t]rible4 ,i am n[ att5d+ "o family1 :]e ! fa!r1 ab\t #ej1 ! "m ab\t ! same age1 a gr[n up son ab\t #bj1 9 a consumption1 & a daught] ab\t #ag1 :o has scr(ul\s affection ( ! jaw & ?roat1 = :i* ,i am att5d+ h]1 & a *ild1 all sleep 9 ! same b$ 9 a room :]e ! fa!r & ?ree or f\r o!r m5 "w dur+ ! day z tailors1 & !y frequ5tly "w !re late at night ) c&les4 ,i am also treat+1 at ?is pres5t "t1 a woman ) p>alysis ( ! l[] extremities1 ! wife ( ! assi/ant to a /able-keep]1 ^: elde/ son1 ! son by a =m] wife1 & a girl ( #aa or #ab ye>s ( age1 all sleep 9 ! same b$6 ,9 ano!r case :i* ,i am att5d+ 9 "o room1 !re are a man & 8 wife1 a gr[n up daught]1 a boy ( #af1 & a girl ( #ac2 ! boy has scr(ul\s ulc]s 9 ! neck2 ! fa!r1 ?\gh only ( ! age ( #di1 suff]s f extreme debility & a brok5 con/itution4 ,! m$ical (fic] ( ! ,:ite*apel ,union says1 ,i "k ( few in/ances :]e !re is m ?an "o room to a family4 ,mr4 ,au/91 an ar*itect1 gives u ! foll[+ description ( ,sn['s ,r5ts1 ,we/m9/]1 :i* is b "o in/ance among _m worse1 ( ! /ate ( ?+s produc$ simply by ! want1 z he expresses x1 ( prop] /ructural arrangem5t & control4 ,?is c\rt is ( consid]able wid?1 upw>ds ( #bj feet1 b ! h\ses are mo/ly )\t y>ds1 & ! refuse1 :5 become intol]able inside ! h\ses1 is deposit$ 9 ! c\rt itself1 ! :ole c5tre be+ a pool ( black /agnant fil?1 t accumulates f "t to "t1 & is left to decompose & infect ! :ole neighb\rhood4 ,v5tilation1 or r a heal?y /ate ( ! atmosph]e is impossible4 ,:at little di/urbance ( ! air does take place1 w\ld appe> only to r5d] its /ate m intol]able4 ,be+ ask$ :at ! condition ( ?is c\rt is ) reg>d to dra9age & ! supply ( wat]1 he says1 ,!re are none :atev] !re4 ,9 wet wea!r1 :5 ! wat] atta9s a c]ta9 height ,9 ! c\rt1 x f9ds its way into an op51 black1 pe/il5ce-brea?+ dit* 9 a neighb\r+ c\rt2 b 9 ! ord9>y /ate ( ?+s ! :ole c5tre ( ?is place is "o mass ( wet decompos+ fil?1 t lies undi/urb$ = weeks1 f :i*1 s dreadful is ! effluvia at times aris+1 t 9 ! t5ants' own words1 '!y are (t5 ready to fa9t1 x's s bad6' ,! supply ( wat] consi/s 9 ?is3 t #af h\ses are accommodat$ ) "o /& pipe 9 ! c\rt6 ,on ! pr9cipal clean+ day1 ,sunday1 ! wat] is on = ab\t five m9utes1 & x is on also = ?ree days 9 ! week = "o half h\r1 & s great is ! ru% to obta9 a modicum be=e x is turn$ (f1 t p]petual qu>rell+ & di/urbance is ! result4 ,if we g n[ f ! ,metropolis to "s ( ! great t[ns1 we f9d1 sub/antially1 ! same acc\nt1 v>i$ by ! special circum/ances ( ea* place4 ,liv]pool1 :i* we w look at next1 is probably ! wor/4 ,an (ficial enum]ation ( ! c\rt & cell> population ( t t[n 0 made two ye>s ago1 f :i* x appe>$ t #ee1ecd p]sons1 m ?an "o-?ird ( ! work+ classes1 inhabit$ c\rts2 & #bj1afh p]sons liv$ 9 cell>s4 ,!re are also cell>s 9 ! c\rts conta9+ probably #bjjj inhabitants4 ,) reg>d to ! "* ( ^! c\rts1 #fbi1 or ne>ly "o-?ird1 7 clos$ at bo? ends2 #hge1 or less ?an "o-half1 7 op5 at "o end2 & only #dgh1 or less ?an "o-f\r?1 op5 at bo? ends4 ,! cell>s are #aj or #ab feet squ>e2 g5]ally flagg$1--b frequ5tly hav+ only ! b>e e>? = a floor1--& sometimes less ?an six feet 9 height4 ,!re is frequ5tly no w9d[1 s t light & air c ga9 access to ! cell> only by ! door1 ! top ( :i* is (t5 n high] ?an ! level ( ! /reet4 ,9 su* cell>s1 v5tilation is out ( ! "q4 ,!y are ( c\rse d>k2 & f ! defective dra9age1 !y are also v g5]ally damp4 ,!re is sometimes a back-cell>1 us$ z a sleep+ ap>tm5t1 hav+ no direct communication ) ! ext]nal atmosph]e1 & d]iv+ its scanty supply ( light & air solely f ! front ap>tm5t4 ,! above extract1 & ! numb]s ( ! c\rt & cell> population1 are tak5 f ,dr4 ,duncan's evid5ce4 ,he ?9ks1 f ext5sive data 9 8 possession1 t ! numb]s1 z giv5 9 ?is enum]ation1 are "u ! m>k4 ,& x is sugge/$ t1 possibly1 casual lodg]s h be5 omitt$4 ,dr4 ,duncan !n gives "s fur!r details :i* enable u m fully to und]/& :at dog-holes ^! cell>s are4 ,( ! entire numb] ( cell>s1 #afag h ! back ap>tm5t ,i h m5tion$2 :ile ( #ebig ^: measurem5ts are giv51 #agga1 or "o-?ird1 are f five to six feet deep1--#bcbd are f f\r to five feet1 & #abjb f ?ree to f\r feet bel[ ! level ( ! /reet3 #ebgc1 or m ?an five-six?s1 h no w9d[s to ! front2 & #bdbi1 or ab\t #dd p] c5t4 are report$ z be+ ei!r damp or wet4 ,9 cell>s ( ?is k9d !re are sometimes #cj human be+s1 sometimes m1 furni%$1 z ,dr4 ,duncan tells u1 ) a supply ( air suffici5t = ! wants ( only sev54 ,occasionally1 9 ?is ,report1 !re are sc5es describ$ 9 a circum/antial1 ,dut*-picture way :i* ! mo/ vigor\s imag9ation1 prid+ itself on its +5uity 9 depict+ wret*$ness1 w\ld h>dly h conceiv$4 ,take ! foll[+ in/ance f ! evid5ce ( ,mr4 ,holme ( ,liv]pool4 ,"s "t ago ,i visit$ a poor woman 9 di/ress1 ! wife ( a lab\r+ man4 ,%e _h be5 conf9$ only a few days1 & h]self & infant 7 ly+ on /raw 9 a vault ?r\gh ! out] cell>1 ) a clay floor1 imp]vi\s to wat]4 ,!re 0 no light nor v5tilation 9 x1 & ! air 0 dreadful4 ,i _h to walk on bricks across ! floor to rea* h] b$-side1 z ! floor itself 0 flood$ ) /agnant wat]4 ,?is is by no means an extraord9>y case1 = ,i h witness$ sc5es equally wret*$2 & x is only necess>y to g into ,crosby-/reet1 ,freemason's r[1 & _m cross /reets out ( ,vauxhall-road1 to f9d hordes ( poor creatures liv+ 9 cell>s1 :i* are almo/ z bad & (f5sive z *>nel h\ses4 ,9 ,freemason's-r[ ,i f\nd1 ab\t two ye>s ago1 a c\rt ( h\ses1 ! floors ( :i* 7 bel[ ! public /reet1 & ! area ( ! :ole c\rt 0 a float+ mass ( putrefi$ animal & vegetable matt]1 s dreadfully (f5sive t ,i 0 oblig$ to make a precipitate retreat4 ,yet ! :ole ( ! h\ses 7 inhabit$6 ,?9k :at mat]ials = e species ( com=t & luxury1 are p]petually circulat+ ?r\gh ,liv]pool4 ,if !re _h n be51 = _m a day1 a sad neglect ( sup]vision on ! "p ( ! employ]s1 & great improvid5ce on t ( ! employ$1 we %\ld n see ! ?ird "p ( ! work+ population ( su* a t[n imm]s$ 9 ! mo/ abject wret*$ness1 & all ?is weal? pass+ ?r\gh & leav+ s little ( ! com=ts ( life 9 ! active h&s ?r\gh :i* x has pass$4 ,x may be said1 h[ev]1 t a consid]able "p ( ! population ( ,liv]pool is immigrant1 & ,iri%4 ,turn !n to ,nott+ham1 or ,york1 or ,pre/on1 x is ! same /ory4 ,mr4 ,hawksley1 ! eng9e]1 says ( ,nott+ham3 ,) few exceptions ! h\ses ( ,nott+ham & its vic9ity are laid out ei!r 9 n>r[ /reets1 or m commonly are built 9 conf9$ c\rts & alleys1 ! entrance to :i* is usually ?r\gh a tunnel f #cj to #cf in*es wide1 ab\t #h feet high1 & f #be to #cj feet long1 s t purification by ! direct action ( ! air & sol> light is 9 ! great majority ( ^! cases p]fectly impracticable4 ,upw>ds ( #gjjj h\ses are erect$ back to back & side to side1 & are ( c\rse by ?is injuri\s arrangem5t depriv$ ( ! means ( adequate v5tilation & dec5t privacy4 ,dr4 ,laycock says ( ,york1 ,f ^! inquiries x appe>s t 9 ! p>i% ( ,/4 ,d5nis1 9 :i* /rict accuracy 0 obs]v$1 f #h to #aa p]sons slept 9 "o room 9 #d4e p] c5t4 ( ! families resid5t !re2 9 #g4e p] c5t4 f #f to #h p]sons slept 9 "o room2 ( ! total #baie families visit$ by ! di/rict visitors1 #bf p] c5t4 _h "o room only = all purposes4 ,! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,clay gives an acc\nt ( an exam9ation ( a "p ( ,pre/on1 ,! /reets1 c\rts1 & y>ds exam9$ conta9 ab\t #dbb dwell+s1 inhabit$ at ! "t ( ! inquiry by #bdjj p]sons sleep+ 9 #heb b$s1 i4e4 an av]age ( #e4fh inhabitants to ea* h\se1 & #b4h p]sons to ea* b$4 ,9 #hd cases #d p]sons slept 9 ! same b$4 11 #bh 11 #e 11 #ac 11 #f 11 #c 11 #g 11 #a 11 #h ,&1 9 addition1 a family ( #h on b$ /ocks cov]$ ) a little /raw4 ,! results ( /ati/ical inve/igations1 ) respect to ! duration ( life1 are 9 unison ) ! inf]5ces t we %\ld naturally make f ! facts be=e u4 ,dr4 ,laycock %[s u t 9 ,york1 9 ! be/ dra9$ p>i%es1 :]e ! population to ! squ>e rood is #bg1 & ! mean altitude above ! sea 9 feet is #ej1 ! mean age at dea? is #ce4cb2 9 int]m$iate p>i%es1 :]e ! population is d5s] & ! altitude less1 ! mean age at dea? is #bg4bi2 9 ! wor/ dra9$1 wor/ v5tilat$1 & l[e/ situat$ p>i%es1 ! mean age at dea? is #bb4eg4 ,he m5tions a fact well wor? notic+1 t ! *ol]a 9 #ahcb broke out 9 ! c\rt call$ ! ,hagworm's ne/1 :i* is 9 ! same spot :]e ! pe/il5ces ( #aeea & #afjd _h dwelt4 ,surely1 9 ^! la/ two hundr$ ye>s1 we might h dra9$ & v5tilat$ a locality :i* exp]i5ce _h %[n to be s attractive to epidemics4 ,! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,clay has furni%$ a table1 subjo9$ 9 ! ,app5dix1 %[+ ! progressive dim9ution ( vitality 9 ! respective classes ( g5try1 tradesm51 & op]atives1 at ,pre/on4 ,dr4 ,duncan says respect+ ! mortality ( ,liv]pool1 ,:ile 9 ,rodney ,/reet & ,ab]cromby ,w>ds1 ) upw>ds ( #cj1jjj inhabitants1 ! mortality is bel[ t ( ,birm+ham--! mo/ fav\r$ 9 ?is respect ( ! l>ge t[ns 9 ,engl&--9 ,vauxhall ,w>d1 ) a ne>ly equal am\nt ( population1 ! mortality exce$s t :i* prevails 9 tropical regions4 99 99 99 99 99 #agg p]sons die annually 9 ,vauxhall ,w>d = e #ajj dy+ out ( an equal am\nt ( population 9 ,rodney ,/reet & ,ab]cromby ,w>ds4 ,vauxhall ,w>d is :]e ! great] numb] ( inhabitants dwell 9 cell>s4 ,well may ,dr4 ,duncan1 9 comm5t+ on ?is diff]5ce ( mortality 9 ,vauxhall ,w>d & ,rodney ,/reet1 decl>e t x is a fact suffici5t to ar\se ! att5tion & /imulate ! ex]tions ( ! mo/ indiff]5t4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! av]age age at dea? 9 ! foll[+ classes is made out f all ! dea?s :i* took place 9 ! ,suburban1 ! ,rural1 & ! ,t[n di/ricts ( ,%effield 9 ! ?ree ye>s1 #ahci1 #ahdj1 & #ahda3 ,g5try1 pr(essional p]sons1 & _! families #dg4ba ,tradesm5 & _! families #bg4ah ,artisans1 ,lab\r]s1 & _! families ,a4 ,employ$ 9 diff]5t k9ds ( trade & h&icraft #ba4eg common to all places ,b4 ,employ$ 9 ! v>i\s descriptions ( manufacture #ai4cd pursu$ 9 ,%effield & its neighb\rhood ,p]sons ^: condition 9 life is undescrib$ #ae4jd ,paup]s 9 ! ,workh\se #be4ea ,f>m]s & _! families #cg4fd ,agricultural ,lab\r]s & _! families #cj4hi ,9 consid]+ su* /ati/ics1 ! premature dea? ( ^! poor p is n ! sadde/ ?+ :i* pres5ts itself to u1 b ! unheal?y1 ineffectual1 unc>$-=1 unc>+ life :i* is ! necess>y concommitant ( su* a rapid rate ( mortality4 99 99 99 99 99 ,s9ce ! publication ( ! prec$+ ,essay1 ,mr4 ,pusey's ,poor 9 ,scotl&1 an ab/ract :i* has br\ght ! evid5ce tak5 be=e ! ,scot* ,poor ,law ,commission )9 %ort compass1 has be5 publi%$4 ,?is evid5ce is ( a nature t _c be pass$ by4 ,we may ?9k t su* details are we>isome1 b we mu/ li/5 to !m1 if we w\ld le>n ! magnitude ( ! evil4 ,x is no use proce$+ )\t a suffici5t sub/ratum ( facts4 ,turn+ !n to ?is ab/ract1 we f9d "o m9i/] 9 ,ed9burgh say+1 ,i visit$ a "p ( my p>i% on ,friday la/1 & 9 all ! h\ses ,i f\nd p]sons de/itute ( food1 & completely de/itute ( fuel2 )\t an article ( furniture2 )\t b$s or b$d+1 ! inmates ly+ on /raw4 ,ano!r tells ! ,commission]s1 ! all[ance g5]ally made1 is n suffici5t to keep !m 7! outdoor p5sion]s7 9 exi/5ce at ! l[e/ possible rate ( liv+4 ,a ?ird says ,i h (t5 trembl$ :5 ,i h gone at ! call ( duty to visit ! receptacles ( wret*$ness1 because ,i felt t ,i c\ld n relieve ! mis]y :i* ,i mu/ look ^u2 & 9 su* cases1 no?+ b a s5se ( duty c\ld compel me to g & visit ! poor4 ,& a f\r? m9i/] m5tions t 8 poor p>i%ion]s _h /at$ to him t !y reg>d$ !mselves z outca/s f ! sympa?y ( _! fell[-m54 ,x also appe>s f ,dr4 ,alison's evid5ce t ?is di/ress is increas+4 ,y read ( ,glasg[1 always fruitful 9 extreme in/ances ( mis]y1 t 9 "o ( ! private poor-h\ses1 #bb *ildr5 7 f\nd1 all afflict$ ) fev]1 & occupy+ a room ab\t f\rte5 feet squ>e4 ,! ,sup]9t5d5t ( ! ,glasg[ ,police1 speak+ ( a di/rict 9 ! c5tre ( ! t[n1 says ,^! places are fill$ by a population ( _m ?\s&s ( mis]able creatures4 ,! h\ses 9 :i* !y live are altoge!r unfit = human be+s1 & e ap>tm5t is fill$ ) a promiscu\s cr[d ( m51 wom5 & *ildr51 9 a /ate ( fil? & mis]y4 ,9 _m ( ! h\ses !re is sc>cely any v5tilation4 ,dunghills lie 9 ! vic9ity ( ! dwell+s1 & f ! extremely defective sew]age1 fil? ( e k9d con/antly accumulates4 ,t\*+ ! imm$iate object ( ! enquiry1 ! relief ( paup]s1 we f9d t ,humanity hav+ gone ) cold & cauti\s /eps 7giv+ #ds4 a mon?1 sometimes1 to fa!rs & mo!rs ( families7 ?r\gh ! ,s\!rn & middle regions ( ,scotl&1 becomes 9 ! ,highl&s ne>ly petrifi$3 at ! utmo/ is only able to divide among/ ! impot5t poor ab\t #cs4 #f;d4 a-head = ! :ole ye>4 ,i d>e say _m ?+s may be urg$ aga9/ ?is1 z aga9/ all o!r evid5ce--a bit pick$ (f "h1 ano!r prun$ (f !re--?is /atem5t modifi$1 t a little expla9$4 ,d :at y w3 ?is evid5ce1 l t ( ! ,heal? ( ,t[ns ,commission1 rema9s a sad memorial ( neglig5ce on ! "p ( ! gov]n+ & employ+ classes4 ,x may be said t ! improvid5ce ( ! lab\r+ p !mselves is a l>ge item 9 ! acc\nt ( ! causes ( _! di/ress4 ,i d n cont5d t x is n1 nor ev5 t x is n ! l>ge/2 &1 inde$1 x w\ld be v ra% to ass]t t ?is class has1 alone1 be5 innoc5t ( ! causes ( its own di/ress4 ,b :atev] "p ( _! improvid5ce is some?+ 9 addition to ! improvid5ce ( ord9>y mortals1 belongs1 ,i believe1 to _! want ( education & ( guidance4 ,x is1 !re=e1 only putt+ ! matt] "o /ep fur!r (f1 to say t _! di/ress is ma9ly caus$ by _! improvid5ce1 :5 s mu* ( _! improvid5ce is ! fruit ( _! unguid$ ignorance4 ,h[ev] true x may be1 t moral rem$ies are ! mo/ want$1 we mu/ n =get t su* rem$ies c only be work$ out by liv+ m52 & t x is to ! mo/ educat$ 9 he>t & m9d t we mu/ turn fir/1 to elicit & to spread any moral reg5]ation4 ,besides1 !re is a /ate ( physical degradation1 n unfrequ5t 9 our l[e/ classes1 :]e1 if moral good 7 s[n1 x c\ld h>dly be expect$ to gr[1 or ev5 to ma9ta9 its exi/5ce4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! extracts giv5 9 ! =ego+ pages pres5t "s ( ! sali5t po9ts :i* ^! new mat]ials af=d ( ! di/ress$ /ate ( ! lab\r+ classes4 ,x is a "p ( ! subject requir+ to be dwelt ^u2 = ,i believe !re are _m p]sons 9 ?is c\ntry :o1 h[ev] cultivat$ 9 o!r respects1 are totally unaw>e ( ! condition ( t fir/ mat]ial ( a /ate1 ! lab\r+ population1 aye ev5 ( t portion ( x )9 a few /reets ( _! own resid5ces4 ,inde$1 ev]ybody is likely at "s "t or o!r to h great d\bts ab\t ?is di/ress :i* is s mu* talk$ (4 ,we walk ?r\gh ! metropolis 9 ! mid/ ( activity & spl5d\r3 we g into ! c\ntry & see !re a heal?ful & happy appe>ance z we pass briskly along3 & we naturally ?9k t !re mu/ be great exagg]ation 9 :at we h he>d ab\t ! di/ress$ condition ( ! p4 ,b we =get t ,mis]y is a mo/ %r9k+ unobtrusive creature4 ,x c[]s out ( sight4 ,we may walk along ! great ?or\ghf>es ( life )\t see+ m ?an ! di/ort$ %ad[ ( x :i* m5dicancy indicates4 ,a little ?\ght1 h[ev]1 w soon br+ ! matt] home to u4 ,x has be5 rem>k$ ( "s great t[n1 t !re are z _m p liv+ !re 9 c\rts & cell>s1 or at lea/ 9 ! /ate ( de/itution :i* t mode ( life w\ld repres5t1 z ! :ole adult male population ( ,london1 above ! rank ( lab\r]s1 artisans1 & tradesm54 ,probably we %\ld =m ! mo/ inadequate e/imate ( ?is c\rt & cell> population1 ev5 aft] a long soj\rn 9 ! t[n4 ,n[ pond] ov] ! fact4 ,?9k ( all ! p]sons 9 ,london com+ )9 ! above description :om y "k by sight4 ,?9k h[ small a "p t is ( ! class 9 "q1 h[ y pass by ?rongs ( m5 9 t rank e day )\t recogniz+ a s+le p]son4 ,!n reflect t a numb] ( p z great z ! :ole ( ?is class may be f\nd 9 "o t[n exhau/+ ! dregs ( de/itution4 ,:5 we h once appreciat$ ! matt] rightly1 ! difficulty ( disc]n+1 f casual inspection1 ! am\nt ( di/ress1 w only seem to u an additional elem5t ( mis=tune4 ,we %all p]ceive 9 ?is quiesc5ce & obscurity only ano!r cause ( regret & ano!r incitem5t to ex]tion4 ,,*ap4 ,,ii4 ,,rem$ies ,,& ,,reflections ,,sugge/$ ,,by ,,! ,,heal? ,,( ,,t[ns ,,report4 ,hav+ n[ made ourselves to "s ext5t aw>e ( ! di/ress exi/+ among/ ! lab\r+ classes1 we w consid] ! ma9 bran*es ( physical improvem5t discuss$ 9 ! ,heal? ( ,t[ns ,report4 #a4 ,,v5tilation4 ,i put ?is fir/1 be+ conv9c$ t x is ! mo/ ess5tial4 ,x is b rec5tly t any ( u h approximat$ to a "r appreciation ( ! value ( pure air4 ,b look = a mom5t at "o ( ^? great =e/ trees2 & !n reflect t all t knott$ & gn>l$ bulk has be5 ma9ly =m$ out ( air4 ,we1 9 our gross conceptions1 7 wont to ?9k t ! fatness ( ! e>? 0 ! tree's *ief s\rce ( n\ri%m5t4 ,b x is n s4 ,9 "s cases ?is is almo/ p]ceptible to ! eye1 = we see ! t[]+ p9e spr++ f a soil manife/ly ( ! scantie/ nutritive p[]4 ,:5 we once appreh5d h[ l>ge a con/itu5t "p1 air is1 ( bodies inanimate & animate1 ( our own = in/ance1 we %all be m easily conv9c$ ( ! dang] ( liv+ 9 an impure atmosph]e4 ,& :e!r x agree ) our preconceiv$ notions or n1 ! evid5ce on ?is po9t is q conclusive4 ,! volumes ( ! ,heal? ( ,t[ns ,report teem ) in/ances ( ! mis*ief ( insuffici5t v5tilation4 ,x is "o body ( facts mov+ 9 "o uni=m direction4 ,dr4 ,guy notic$ t1 9 a build+ :]e !re 0 a communication betwe5 ! /ories1 disease increas$ 9 regul> gradations1 floor by floor1 z ! air 0 m & m vitiat$1 ! employm5t ( ! m5 be+ ! same4 ,b x is ne$less to quote in/ances ( :at is s evid5t4 ,) respect to ! rem$ies1 ^! are z simple z ! evils to be cur$ are great4 ,= in/ance1 !re 0 a lodg+ h\se 9 ,glasg[ :]e fev] resid$2 b by mak+ an op5+ f ! top ( ea* room1 ?r\gh a *annel ( communication to an air pump1 common to all ! *annels1 ! disease disappe>$ altoge!r4 ,o!r modes ( v5tilation are sugge/$ 9 ! ,report2 & "o v simple device introduc$ by ,mr4 ,toynbee1 a p]=at$ z9c plate fix$ 9 ! w9d[-pane fur!/ f ! fire or ! b$1 has be5 f\nd ( signal b5efit4 ,i %all take ano!r opportunity ( say+ m ^u ! subject ( v5tilation4 ,( all ! sanit>y rem$ies1 x is ! mo/ 9 our p[]4 ,& ,i am incl9$ to believe t half p] c5t4 ( ! annual outlay ( ,london1 t is t5 %ill+s 9 e hundr$ p\nds1 sp5t only = "o ye> 9 improvem5ts connect$ ) v5tilation1 w\ld dim9i% ! sickness ( ,london by "o f\r?4 #b4 ,,sew]age4 ,melan*oly z ! /ate ( ?is dep>tm5t is %[n to be2 de/ructive annually1 ,i fe>1 ( ?\s&s ( lives2 x is almo/ impossible n to be amus$ at ! grotesque absurdity ) :i* x has be5 manag$4 ,"o c imag9e h[ ,swift might h introduc$ ! subject 9 ,grildrig's conv]sations ) ! ,k+ ( ,brobd+nag4 ,! ,k+ ask$ me m ab\t our 'dots' ( h\ses1 z 8 ,maje/y 0 pleas$ to call !m2 & h[ we remov$ ! scum & fil? f ^? little 'ant-heaps' :i* we call$ great t[ns4 ,i answ]$ t our cu/om 0 to h a long brick tube1 :i* we call$ a sew]1 9 ! middle ( our /reets1 :]e we kept a suffici5t supply ( fil? till x f]m5t$1 & ! f\l air 0 !n di/ribut$ by grat+s at %ort int]vals all ov] ! t[n4 #bjb ,i also told 8 ,maje/y1 t to sup]9t5d ^! tubes1 we *ose m5 n f any p>ticul> k ( ! subject1 :i* 0 extremely difficult1 b imp>tially1 z "o may say2 & t ! op9ions ( ^! m5 7 f9al1 & ! laws by :i* !y act$ irrevocable4 ,i also add$ t if we _h adopt$ ! mode ( mak+ ^! tubes :i* our philosoph]s w\ld h recomm5d$1 7b t we 7 a practical p7 we might h sav$ 9 a few ye>s a qu>t] ( a million ( our gold5 co9s4 ',spangles1' said ,8 ,maje/y1 :o _h lately se5 me weigh+ "o ( ! gold5 lik5esses ( our belov$ ,que5 aga9/ a ,brobd+nag spangle t _h fall5 f ! dress ( "s maid ( hon\r4 ,spangles or n1 ,i repli$1 !y 7 v de> to u1 de>] ?an body & s\l to "s1 s t we 7 wont to say :5 a man di$1 t he di$ 'wor? s mu*1' by :i* we meant s _m gold co9s or spangles1 at :i* ,8 ,maje/y laugh$ he>tily4 ,i !n w5t on to tell ! ,k+1 ( our riv] ,?ames1 t x 0 wid] ?an ,8 ,maje/y c\ld /ride1 t we 7 v pr\d ( x1 & drank f x1 & t all ^! tubes l$ into x1 & _! cont5ts 7 wa%$ to & fro by ! tide be=e ! city2 &1 !n1 my good ,glumdalclit* see+ t ,i _h talk$ a long "t & 0 mu* we>i$1 took me up & put me into my box & c>ri$ me away4 ,b n be=e ,i _h he>d ! ,k+ speak ( my de> c\ntry 9 a way :i* gave me great pa94 ',insuff]able little wret*es1' ,8 ,maje/y 0 pleas$ to say1 'z fooli% :5 !y are liv+ at peace at home z :5 !y are go+ out to kill o!r little creatures abroad1' ) m t 0 l ?is1 & n fit = me to repeat4 ,9 sob] s]i\sness1 ?is subject ( sew]age has be5 mo/ absurdly neglect$4 ,i d n blame any p>ticul> class or body ( m54 ,p>liam5t has be5 repeat$ly appli$ to 9 ! matt]1 b no?+ has be5 done1 z x 0 a subject ( no public int]e/1 ?\gh x is probable1 if ! tru? 7 kn[n1 t 9 ^? ,sessions 9 :i* ! subject 0 moot$1 !re 7 few que/ions ( equal significance be=e ! ,h\se4 ,!re are excell5t sugge/ions 9 ! ,heal? ( ,t[ns ,report = improvem5t 9 ! orig9al con/ruction ( sew]s1 = _! v5tilation1 = _! be+ flu%$1 = mak+ ! curves at :i* ! side sew]s ought to be connect$ ) ! ma9 trunks1 = a bett] sy/em ( h\se dra9age1 respect+ :i* ,mr4 ,dyce ,gu?rie has giv5 mo/ valuable evid5ce1 = ! do+ away ) unnecess>y gully dra9s1 & = conduct+ all ! cont5ts ( ^! sew]s1 n into our mu* lov$ riv]1 b f> away f ! t[n1 :]e !y c d no mis*ief1 & w be ( "s use4 ,?is is n a simple matt] l v5tilation2 & :at is propos$ involves l>ge und]tak+s4 ,/ill x is ( imm5se & gr[+ importance1 & %\ld be resolutely begun at once1 see+ t e day adds to ! difficulty :i* w h to be ov]come4 #c4 ,,supply ,,( ,,wat]4 ,?is is an ess5tial "p ( any l>ge sy/em ( sanit>y improvem5t1 & "o t does n pres5t v great difficulty4 ,! pr9cipal facts :i* ,i collect f ! ,report are1 t ! exp5se ( transmission is inconsid]able1 & consequ5tly t we may h wat] f a di/ant s\rce2 t ! plan ( con/ant supply seems to be ! be/2 t ?is con/ant supply1 "u a high pressure1 c\ld be ?r[n ov] ! highe/ build+s 9 case ( fire1 t x c\ld be us$ = ba?s1 public f\nta9s1 & wat]+ & cleans+ /reets2 t x c\ld be suppli$ at #a;d4 or #a4e;d4 a week to ! h\ses ( ! poor1 & = ?is t !y might h any quantity !y *ose to take4 ,at pres5t ! lab\r ( br++ wat] entirely prev5ts cleanl9ess 9 _m ( ! m squalid p>ts ( ! t[n3 & ! advantage ( a con/ant & unlimit$ supply w\ld be almo/ incalculable4 ,!re appe>s to be "s difficulty 9 apply+ ! pr9ciple ( competition to ! supply ( wat]2 = ! multiplication ( wat] companies has 9 "s in/ances only produc$ mis*ief to ! public4 ,i w\ld sugge/ to ! political economi/ :e!r !re may n be "s sph]es too limit$ = competition4 ,b ^! are que/ions :i* ,i _c af=d at pres5t to dwell ^u4 #d4 ,,build+ ,,( ,,h\ses4 ,9 consid]+ ?is bran* ( ! subject1 ! fir/ ?+ t occurs is ! absolute necessity ( gett+ suffici5t space to build ^u4 ,o!r improvem5ts may foll[2 b almo/ all ( !m w be defective1 if ?is prim>y requisite be want+4 ,h5ce x is ( su* importance to combat ! notion t p mu/ live ne> _! "w4 ,x is a great conv5i5ce1 no d\bt4 ,b ! "q is n ( liv+ ne> _! "w1 b ( dy+1 or be+ p]petually ill1 ne> x4 ,mr4 ,holl& has made a calculation f :i* x appe>s1 t 9 "s p>ts ( ! t[n ( ,*orlton-^u-,m$lock1 9 a family ( five individuals1 !re w be on ! av]age ab\t #ej days a ye> m sickness due to ! insalubrity ( ! dwell+s4 ,to avoid ?is additional illness1 x is surely wor? :ile = work+ m5 to live ev5 at a consid]able di/ance f _! "w4 ,inde$ ,i ?9k two or ?ree miles is n su* a di/ance z %\ld prev5t !m4 ,besides1 is x n probable t1 9 _m in/ances1 ! "w w\ld come to !m8 ,suppos+ t new build+ takes place1 :e!r f ! poor] classes t5d+ m to ! suburban di/ricts1 or f ! d5se p>ts ( t[ns be+ rebuilt1 mu* might be done by modify+1 if n repeal+1 ! w9d[ tax & ! tax on bricks4 ,) respect to ! next po9t1 ! lay+ out ( ! gr\nd1 !re are mo/ valuable sugge/ions giv5 by ,mr4 ,au/9 9 ! ,heal? ( ,t[ns ,report4 ,! result ( 8 evid5ce is1 t ! av]age r5tal paid n[ 9 ,sn['s ,fields1 a place :i* ,i h endeav\r$ to make ! read] acqua9t$ ) be=e1 w\ld return upw>ds ( #aj p] c5t4 ^u money laid out 9 mak+ a sub/antial set ( build+s to occupy ! place ( ! pres5t hovels2 & t ^! new h\ses %\ld h e /ructural arrangem5t requisite to r5d] !m heal?y & com=table dwell+s4 ,i h only to add on ?is subject1 t x w\ld be ( ! utmo/ advantage 9 any new build+s1 & especially = small h\ses1 likely to be built by small capitali/s1 t !re %\ld be a survey made ( e t[n1 & its suburbs1 ) 'cont\rs ( equal altitude4' #bji ,z ?+s are manag$ at pres5t1 p build+ )\t any ref]5ce to a g5]al scale1 or any connexion ) ea* o!r 7! non-int]f]5ce pr9ciple c>ri$ to its utmo/ l5g?7 ! greate/ difficulties 9 ! way ( sanit>y improvem5t are introduc$ :]e !re ne$ h be5 none4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ma9 bran*es ( sanit>y improvem5t t\*$ ^u by ! ,report are enum]at$ above4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 "s g5]al results & pr9ciples :i* dem& our especial att5tion4 ,9 ! fir/ place x seems to be univ]sally true t economy goes h& 9 h& ) sanit>y improvem5t4 ,s b5efic5tly is ! physical _w con/ruct$1 t our lab\r = sanit>y ends is em95tly productive4 ,! ord] ( ,provid5ce po9ts out t m5 %\ld live 9 cleanl9ess & com=t :i* we labori\sly & exp5sively contrav5e4 ,9 ! ,app5dix ,i subjo9 a table drawn up by ,mr4 ,clay1 %[+ 9 detail ! sav+ produc$ by sanit>y measures4 ,i may notice1 z be>+ on ! po9t ( economy1 t !re is concurr5t evid5ce %[+ an excessive rate ( mortality to be accompani$ by excessive reproduction4 ,consequ5tly1 ! result ( ! pres5t defective /ate ( sanit>y arrangem5ts is1 t a disproportionate numb] ( sickly & helpless p]sons ( all ages1 b *iefly *ildr51 are ?r[n ^u ! /ate to be provid$ =4 ,if ?is 7 to occur 9 a small community x w\ld be fatal4 ,9 a great /ate x is n m felt ?an a calamit\s w>1 or an adv]se comm]cial treaty4 ,b x requires a cont9u$ att5tion z great z t :i* ^? m noisy calamities are able to ensure = !mselves :ile !y are 9 imm$iate agitation4 ,secondly1 x is /at$ t ! seats ( disease are ! seats ( crime1 a result t we %\ld naturally expect4 99 99 99 99 99 ,aga91 x appe>s f _m in/ances t :at we are wont to call ! improvem5ts 9 great t[ns are apt to be att5d$ by an increase ( discom=t to ! poor4 ,to !m1 ! op5+ ( ?or\ghf>es ?r\gh d5sely cr[d$ di/ricts1 9 ! displacem5t :i* x creates1 is an imm$iate aggravation ( di/ress4 ,consid]+ ?is1 ought we n to endeav\r t improvem5ts = ! ri* & ! poor %\ld g on simultane\sly8 ,x is a h>d measure to de/roy any consid]able quantity ( h\se prop]ty appropriat$ to ! work+ classes1 & !reby to raise _! r5ts & d5sify _! population1 )\t mak+ any attempt to supply ! vacuum ?us creat$ 9 t m>ket4 99 99 99 99 99 ,x is /at$ by ,dr4 ,arnott t ne>ly half ( ! accid5tal illnesses t occur among ! l[] classes might be prev5t$ by prop] public managem5t3 a /atem5t :i* ! g5]al body ( evid5ce1 ,i ?9k1 confirms4 ,n[1 consid] ?is result4 ,?9k :at "o night ( high fev] is3 !n ?9k t numb]s ar\nd y are nightly suff]+ ?is1 f causes :i* ! mo/ simple sanit>y regulations w\ld obviate at once4 ,:5 y are we>i$ ) /ati/ical details1 vex$ ) ! difficulty ( try+ to make m5 d any ?+ = !mselves1 disgu/$ ) demagogues play+ ^u ! wret*$ness ( ! poor1 !n ?9k ( "s su* signal fact z ?is2 & y w *e]fully1 aga91 gird up y\rself to fight1 z h]et(ore1 aga9/ evils :i* are n to be conqu]$ )\t _m k9ds ( endurance z well z _m =ms ( endeav\r4 ,i d n wi% to raise a s5seless moan ov] human suff]+4 ,pa9 is to be borne /\tly1 nor always look$ on ) unfri5dly eye4 ,b surely we ne$ n create x 9 ?is :olesale fa%ion2 & !n say t t :i* is a w>n+ & a p5alty1 is b :olesome discipl9e1 to be reg>d$ ) ,mussulman indiff]5ce4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i come n[ to :at seems to me ! mo/ important result obta9$ 9 ! :ole c\rse ( ! elaborate evid5ce tak5 be=e ! ,heal? ( ,t[ns ,commission4 ,x appe>s n only t di/ress c exi/ ) a high rate ( wages1 )\t app>5tly any fault on ! "p ( ! suff]]s2 #bad;a b1 actually1 t 9 "s in/ances1 !re is an increase ( sickness ) an increase ( wages4 #bad;b ,! m$ical (fic] ( ! ,spitalfields' ,di/rict /ates t ! weav]s h g5]ally less fev] :5 !y are out ( "w4 ,?is /atem5t is confirm$ by te/imony ( a l nature f ,paisley1 ,glasg[1 & ,man*e/]4 ,x is "o ( ! mo/ significant facts t has /ruggl$ into upp] air4 ,we talk ( ! increase ( ! weal? ( nations--x may be att5d$ by an increase ( mis]y & mortality1 & ! production ( additional ?\s&s ( unheal?y1 p>5tless1 neglect$ human be+s4 ,x may only lead to a l>g] gr[? ( human we$s4 ,! explanation ( ! matt] is simple4 ,dr4 ,s\?wood ,smi? tells u t ,fev] is ! disease ( adolesc5ce & manhood4 ,n[1 wret*$ z ! dwell+ h\ses ( ! poor are1 _! places ( "w are frequ5tly /ill worse4 #bae;a ,consequ5tly1 ) an increase ( "w1 !re comes an increase ( fev] f work+ 9 ill-v5tilat$ rooms1 an increase ( poor-rates1 #bae;b & an especial increase ( orphanage & wid[hood1 z ! fev] *iefly seizes ^u p]sons 9 ! prime ( life4 ,& a l>ge "p ( ?is increase is ?us di/9ctly br\ght home to neglect1 or ignorance1 on ! "p ( ! employ]s ( lab\r4 ,surely1 z soon z !y are made cognizant ( ?is matt]1 !y w at once ha/5 to correct x4 ,9 ! app5dix to ?is "w !re is a lett] f ,dr4 ,arnott1 giv+ an acc\nt ( ! causes ( defective v5tilation1 & ! rem$ies = x4 ,we c no long] say t ! evil is "o :i* requires m k ?an we possess to ma/] x4 ,sci5ce1 :i* _c hi!rto be said to h done mu* = ! poor1 n[ comes to r5d] !m signal s]vice4 ,x is = u to use ! k1 ?us adapt$ to our h&s1 = a purpose :i* ,bacon describes z "o ( ! highe/ ends ( all k1 ! relief ( man's e/ate4 ,consid] ! awful possibility t we may at "s future "t fully appreciate ! results ( our do+s ^u e>?4 ,imag9e an employ] ( lab\r hav+ be=e him1 9 "o picture z x 71 gr\ps ( wret*$ be+s1 foll[$ by a /ill m det]iorat$ race1 ) _! vices & _! suff]+s express$ 9 "s mat]ial1 palpable =m--all 8 own h&iwork 9 x br\ght out--& at ! end1 to console him1 "s heaps ( money4 ,if he _h b a vision ( ^! ?+s by night1 :ile yet on e>?1 su* an all-embrac+ vision z comes ^u a dr[n+ man6 ,!n imag9e him to awake to life4 ,y w\ld n !n f9d t he knew me?ods ( ensur+ to 8 workm5 fre% air1 b lack$ en]gy1 or c>e1 to adv5ture any ?+ = !m4 ,talk n to me ( money1 he w\ld say--,money-mak+ may be "o ( ! conditions ( cont9uance 9 ?is matt] t ,i h tak5 9 h&1 b on no acc\nt ! "o great object4 ,inde$1 if a man _c make "s good fabric by good means1 he w\ld p]=m a nobl] "p1 z ,mr4 ,c>lyle w\ld tell u1 9 retir+ f ! conte/1 & say+ at once t ! nature ( ?+s is too h>d = him4 ,he is f>1 f>1 bett] conqu]$ 9 t way1 ?an ob/ruct+ ! road by "w badly done1 or add+ to ! _w's difficulties by inhumanity4 ,:at ,i h giv5 is b an outl9e ( ! ,heal? ( ,t[ns ,report2 & ,i w\ld fa9 p]suade my read]s to turn to ! orig9al itself4 ,"s delight 9 h>r[+ tales ( fiction3 "h are sc5es indicat$1 if n absolutely depict$1 :i* may ex]cise ! t5d]e/ sympa?ies4 ,o!rs are ev] b5d+ ov] ! pages ( hi/ory3 "h1 9 ^! descriptions ( ! life ( ! poor1 are s\rces ( in=mation respect+ ! well-be+ ( nations1 :i* hi/ory1 mu* giv5 to tell only ( ! do+s ( ! great1 has be5 /rangely sil5t ^u4 ,= ! man ( sci5ce1 = ! moral philosoph]1 or ev5 = ! curi\s obs]v] ( ! ways ( ! _w1 ?is ,report is full ( int]e/+ mat]ials4 ,b x is n z a s\rce ( pleasurable emotion t our att5tion %\ld be call$ to x4 ,x is because )\t ! /udy ( su* works1 we _c be sure ( do+ good 9 ! matt]4 ,if !re is any?+ t requires ?\ght & exp]i5ce1 x is ! ex]cise ( ,*>ity 9 su* a complicat$ sy/em z mod]n life4 ,inde$1 !re is sc>cely any?+ to be done wisely 9 x )\t k4 ,& ,i believe x w\ld be bett]1 = in/ance1 t p %\ld read ?is ,heal? ( ,t[ns ,report1 ?an t !y %\ld subscribe lib]ally to c>ry+ out ev5 ^? sugge/ions :i* are recomm5d$ by m5 :o h ?\ght ^u ^! subjects4 ,!re is no end to ! quick5+ p[] ( k2 b m]e individual1 rootless acts ( b5evol5ce are soon add$ up4 ,!re is n ! less necessity = ?is k1 because public att5tion is 9 "s measure awak5$ to ! duties ( ! employ]s ( lab\r4 ,i d n "k a m al>m+ sight ?an a numb] ( p ru%+ to be b5evol5t )\t ?\ght4 ,9 any g5]al impulse1 !re are at lea/ z _m ?\ghtless z wise p]sons excit$ by x3 ! latt] may be sav$ f do+ v fooli% ?+s by an in/9ct ( sagacity2 b = ! great mass ( mank9d1 ! facts require to be cle>ly /at$ & ! inf]5ces c>efully drawn = !m1 if !y are to be prev5t$ f wa/+ _! b5evol5t impulses ^u fooli% or mis*iev\s und]tak+s4 ,,*ap4 ,,iii4 ,,by ,,:at ,,means ,,! ,,rem$ies ,,may ,,be ,,effect$4 ,c]ta9ly1 :e!r built ^u suffici5t in=mation or n1 !re is at ! pres5t "t a /rong feel+ t some?+ mu/ be done to improve ! condition ( ! lab\r+ classes4 ,! "q is1 h[ to direct ?is feel+--:]e to urge1 :]e to re/ra9 x2 & to :at to limit its ex]tions4 ,an inane desire = orig9ality 9 su* matt]s is :olly to be disc\rag$4 ,p mu/ n dislike tak+ up :at o!rs h begun4 ,( ! v>i\s modes ( improv+ ! sanit>y condition ( ! lab\r+ classes1 ea* has "s peculi> claim4 ,v5tilation is s easy1 & at ! same "t s effective1 t x seems a pity n to beg9 at once ^u t4 ,aga91 /ructural arrangem5ts connect$ ) ! sew]age ( great t[ns are press+ matt]s1 because1 l ! pur*ase ( ! ,sybil's books1 y h less = y\r money1 ! long] y delay4 ,^! two ?+s & ! supply ( wat] seem to me ! fir/ po9ts to be attack$2 b a prud5t man w endeav\r to fall 9 ) :at o!rs are do+1 if x co9cides ) 8 direction1 & he c !reby ha/5 on1 n exactly 8 own me?ods1 b ! ma9 result :i* he has 9 h&4 ,!re is "o conclusion :i* mo/ p]sons :o h ?\ght on ^! subjects seem incl9$ to come to--namely1 t a ,dep>tm5t ( ,public ,heal? is imp]atively want$1 z ! duties to be p]=m$ 9 ?is respect are great] ?an c be ?r[n ^u ! ,home ,secret>y4 ,i v5ture to sugge/ "o or two ?+s :i* x might be well to consid] 9 ! =mation ( su* a ,dep>tm5t4 ,x %\ld n be a m]e ,m$ical ,bo>d "u "o ( ! great bran*es ( ! ,executive2 b an entirely indep5d5t ,dep>tm5t4 ,x w ?us h a mu* firm] voice 9 ,p>liam5t1 & else:]e4 ,sci5tific k1 z well z legal & m$ical1 %\ld be at its daily comm&4 ,i lay mu* /ress ^u ! fir/1 & = ?is reason4 ,m$ical m51 :o are n especially sci5tific1 are apt1 ,i suspect1 to be %ut up 9 measureless cont5t ) ! old ways ( go+ on4 ,_! k becomes /]eotyp$4 ,& z1 9 su* a ,dep>tm5t1 ! aid ( ! late/ discov]ies is want$1 x is bett] to rely ^u ^? ^: especial bus9ess x is to be acqua9t$ ) !m4 ,all dep>tm5ts & in/itutions are liable to become h>d5$1 & to lose _! ela/icity4 ,x is p>ticul>ly desirable t ?is %\ld be avoid$ 9 a ,dep>tm5t = ! ,public ,heal?2 &1 !re=e1 great c>e %\ld be tak5 9 ! con/itution ( x1 to ensure suffici5t vitality1 & admit suffici5t v>iety ( op9ion1 or x w\ld be bett] to tru/ to gett+ ea* special "w done by new h&s4 ,! *ange ( political *iefs1 a ?+ frequ5t en\gh 9 mod]n times1 w ensure "s ( t div]sity ( m9d :i* is "o ( ! ma9 inducem5ts = lodg+ p[] 9 a ,commission or a ,bo>d4 ,x is a great "q :at au?ority %\ld be entru/$ by ?is c5tral body to ,municipalities or local bodies4 ,!y %\ld c]ta9ly h ! utmo/ t c discreetly be giv5 to !m4 ,x does n d to say t1 hi!rto1 !y h be5 totally bl9d to _! duty 9 ?is matt]4 ,s h o!r p be54 ,! great pr9ciple ( an admixture ( c5tralization ) local au?ority %\ld n be lo/ sight ( )\t urg5t reasons4 ,t any re=m %\ld be und]tak5 9 sanit>y measures betok5s an improv$ /ate ( moral feel+4 ,! feel+ among/ ! mo/ influ5tial classes :i* produces ! legislative re=m may be expect$ to g l[] d[n--inde$1 ! re=m has already1 9 all probability1 f\nd "s ( its mo/ useful support]s 9 a l[] class--& !re=e we may expect to f9d fit p]sons to "w 9 ! l[] executive dep>tm5ts4 ,x is n fair to g back & assume t ! old /ate ( feel+ exi/s--9 fact1 t ! p>*m5t law is *ang$1 & n ! p4 ,?is might be s 9 a despotic gov]nm5t1 b n "h4 ,x is an ov]sight1 :51 9 su* cases1 a g5]al improvem5t is n calculat$ ^u4 ,"o ( ! fir/ ?+s t might be attempt$ 9 ! legislative way is ,smoke ,prohibition4 ,x is exactly a matt] = ! int]f]5ce ( ! /ate4 ,! ,a!nian 9 ! com$y1 we>i$ ( w>1 concludes a sep>ate peace ) ! enemy = himself1 8 wife1 8 *ildr51 & 8 s]vant2 & =?) raises a jovial /ave to ,bac*us4 ,n[ all s5sible p w\ld n only be glad to ent] into amicable relations ) ,smoke1 b w\ld ev5 be cont5t to pay a good sum = protection aga9/ ! incursions f factory *imnies & o!r nuisances 9 _! neighb\rhood4 ,b !re is no possibility ( mak+ su* private treaties4 ,! common undi/+ui%able air is vitiat$3 & we ask ! ,/ate1 = ! sake ( ! common weal1 to see ?is matt] right$4 ,x has be5 long be=e ! public2 & !re is suffici5t evid5ce to legislate at once ^u4 ,at any rate1 if ,mr4 ,mack9non's bill is ref]r$ to a ,committee1 x ought to be ^u ! und]/&+ t ! sugge/ions ( ! ,committee %all be =?) & e>ne/ly consid]$1 ) a view to in/ant legislation4 ,if ! ,committee 7 to make an excursion into ! smoke-manufactur+ p>ts ( ! ,metropolis1 !y w\ld see "h & !re factory *imnies f :i* less smoke issues ?an f private h\ses4 ,?is seems to be conclusive4 ,!y w n f9d1 ,i ?9k1 t ^! smokeless *imnies belong to unimportant factories4 ,n[1 if ! nuisance c be cur$ 9 "o case1 :y n 9 all8 ,"h we h new & /ately public build+s1 9 ! ,ea/ & ! ,we/ ( ! t[n1 :i* only a few ( u1 = a %ort "t1 w see 9 _! pri/9e purity4 ,if we _c appreciate ! mis*ief :i* ?is smoke does to ourselves1 let u h "s reg>d = ! public build+s4 ,consid]1 too1 at :at an imm5se outlay we pur*ase ?is canopy ( smoke4 ,c]ta9ly at hundr$s ( ?\s&s a ye> 9 ,london alone4 ,we h1 !re=e1 made an inve/m5t 9 smoke ( "s millions ( money4 ,if we _h b ! res\rces to sp5d ^u public improvem5ts1 :i* h ?us be5 worse ?an wa/$1 we %\ld ne$ no o!r contribution4 ,moreov]1 ! propos$ re/rictions 9 ! case ( smoke w\ld n only be b5eficial to ! public1 b pr(itable to ! individual3 & ! m "o consid]s ! subject1 ! m a/oni%$ "o is1 t !y %\ld n long ago h be5 enact$4 ,b ! tru? is1 we are q call\s to nuisances4 ,a public prosecutor ( nuisances is m want$ ?an a public prosecutor ( crime4 ,& ?is is "o ( ! ?+s t w\ld naturally come "u ! sup]vision ( a ,dep>tm5t ( ,heal?4 ,i f9d1 f ! ,heal? ( ,t[ns ,report1 t x is propos$ to p]mit ! cont9uance ( sundry noxi\s trades 9 ,london = ?irty ye>s1 & !n !y are to be c>ri$ on "u c]ta9 re/rictions4 ,x _c be said t ?is is selfi% legislation3 ! pres5t g5]ation may inhale its fill ( gas & vitriol2 b our gr&*ildr5 w imbibe "u c]ta9 re/rictions only t quantity :i* is requisite to balance ! pleasures ( a city life4 ,at ,lyons !re is a long l9e ( huge /umps ( trees bord]+ on ! riv]4 ,! travell]1 naturally en\gh1 supposes t ?is is ! record ( "s civil commotion2 b1 on inquiry1 he f9ds t ! fumes ( an adjac5t vitriol manufactory h 9 _! sil5t way levell$ ^! magnific5t trees z completely z if x _h be5 done by ! mo/ effective cannonade4 ,if we c\ld b see 9 "s su* palpable mann] h[ _m human be+s are /unt$ by ^! nuisances1 we %\ld proce$ 9 _! expulsion ) some:at ( ! vig\r :i* x des]ves4 ,imag9e1 if only = "o day1 we c\ld enjoy a m ?an lynx-l faculty1 & c\ld see1 n m]ely ?r\gh rocks1 b into air1 :at an impressive sight x w\ld be 9 ?is ,metropolis4 ,"h1 a heavy lay] ( c>bonic acid gas f our *imnies--!re1 an upris+ ( sulphurett$ hydrog5 f our dra9s--& ! noxi\s brea? ( _m factories visible 9 all its v>ieties ( emanation4 ,aft] "o su* insight1 we %\ld ne$ no m ,sanit>y ,reports to /imulate our ex]tions4 ,b x is only our want ( imag9ation t prev5ts u f appreh5d+ n[ ! /ate ( ! atmosph]e4 ,sci5ce demon/rates ! pres5ce ( all t ,i h pictur$1 & f> m4 ,great resi/ance might1 p]haps1 be made1 if l>ge measures 7 to be tak5 = ! removal ( noxi\s trades f great t[ns4 ,9 _m cases1 :]e rapid measures w\ld be h>% & unju/1 x w\ld be well wor? :ile = ! community to buy ! abs5ce ( ^! unpleasant neighb\rs1 resolutely %utt+ ! gates aga9/ ! incom+ ( any simil> nuisances = ! future4 ,on ! o!r h&1 m]e clam\r ab\t ! rights ( prop]ty & ! inju/ice ( int]f]5ce mu/ be firmly resi/$4 ,?is clam\r has be5 made 9 all times4 ,inde$1 m5 seldom raise a m indignant outcry ?an :5 !y are prev5t$ f do+ "s injury to _! neighb\rs4 ,h[ ! feudal b>ons mu/ h *af$1 :5 depriv$ ( ! "r ( hang+ 9 _! own b>onies3 h[ cruel x d\btless seem$ to ! monopoli/s ( old5 times1 :5 "s facti\s ,h\se ( ,commons summon$ to its b> ! ,sir ,giles ,ov]rea*es1 & made !m disgorge _! plund]2 h[ plant]s 9 all climes /orm1 if y b t\* ! "q ( loos5+ ! fett]s ( _! slaves4 ,& s1 9 ^! m9or matt]s1 :5 ! community1 at la/ awake to its int]e/1 =bids "s injuri\s practice to g on any long]1 x is natural t ^? :o h pr(it$ by x1 & :o1 bl9d$ by self-int]e/1 /ill %>e ! =m] in]tness ( ! public1 %\ld f9d x h>d to submit quietly & good-natur$ly to h any re/rictive regulations put ^u _! call+s4 ,& :]e ! public c smoo? ?is 9 any way1 !y ought to d s2 n grudg+ ev5 l>ge outlay1 s t ! nuisances 9 "q be spe$ily & effectually remov$4 ,! money sp5t by ! community on sanit>y purposes is likely to be ! mo/ reproductive "p ( its exp5diture1 & especially b5eficial to ! poor] classes :o1 = ! mo/ "p1 live ne> ^! nuisances1 & h few means ( resi/+ _! noxi\s influ5ce4 99 99 99 99 99 ,aft] discuss+ :at might be done by legislation1 we come naturally to consid] :at might be done by ,associations = b5evol5t purposes4 ,h[ev] inadequate su* ,associations may be z an equival5t = individual ex]tion1 !re are1 d\btless1 _m occasions on :i* !y may come 9 mo/ effectively2 do+ t :i* individuals c h>dly und]take4 ,9 ,london1 = in/ance1 an association t w\ld give u an elaborate ,survey ( ! t[n1 w\ld accompli% a mo/ b5evol5t purpose1 & n be 9 any dang] ( int]f]+ unwisely ) social relations4 ,! same may be said ( our o!r t[ns1 =1 ,i believe1 !re is n "o ( !m possess+ a ,survey fit to be us$ = build+ & sanit>y improvem5ts4 ,aga91 !re are c]ta9 fields at ,batt]sea at pres5t unbuilt ^u1 close to ! riv]1 "o ( ^? spots ne> ! metropolis t ought to be secur$ at once = purposes ( public heal? & amusem5t3 if a ,society w d t = u1 !y w accompli% a noble "w4 ,happily1 ! necessity = public p>ks is beg9n+ to be appreciat$4 ,^! are ! =tifications :i* we %\ld make ab\t our t[ns4 ,w\ld t1 on e side ( ! ,metropolis1 we c\ld see su* sc5es z ?is s t\*+ly describ$ by ,goe!4 ,turn r\nd1 & f ?is height look back ^u ,! t[n3 f its black dungeon gate =? p\rs1 ,9 ?\s& p>ties1 ! gay multitude1 ,all happy1 all indulg+ 9 ! sun%9e6 ,all celebrat+ ! ,"l's resurrection1 ,& 9 !mselves exhibit+1 z 'tw]e ,a resurrection too--s *ang$ are !y1 ,s rais$ above !mselves4 ,f *amb]s damp ,( poor mean h\ses--f consum+ toil ,labori\s--f ! "w-y>d & ! %op-- ,f ! imprisonm5t ( walls & ro(s1 ,& ! oppression ( conf9+ /reets1 ,& f ! solemn twilight ( dim *ur*es-- ,all are abroad--all happy 9 ! sun4 ,an/]'s ,fau/4 ,_m o!r excell5t ent]prises might be sugge/$ :i* societies are peculi>ly fitt$ to und]take4 ,i mu/ own t ,i ?9k !y are be/ occupi$ 9 su* matt]s z w n require p]petual look+ aft]1 :i* :5 !y are once done are :olly done1 su* z ! =mation ( a p>k1 ! mak+ ( a survey1 ! collection ( mat]ials = a legislative measure1 & ! l4 ,^! bodies are call$ 9 = an exig5cy1 & we %\ld be able to contemplate a "t :5 _! functions w cease2 or at lea/ :5 _! ma9 "w w be done4 ,o!r limits 9 _! *oice ( objects might be sugge/$4 ,= in/ance1 x is desirable t !y %\ld address !mselves1 9 pref]5ce1 to su* purposes z may b5efit p indirectly2 or su* z conc]n ! public z a body r ?an di/ress$ individuals ( ! public2 or t aim at supply+ wants :i* ! p b5efit$ are n likely 9 ! fir/ in/ance to e/imate !mselves4 ,su* is ! supply ( air1 light1 & ! means ( cleanl9ess4 ,!re is small dang] ( corrupt+ indu/ry by giv+ any ext5t ( facilities = wa%+4 #bcc ,:ile we are on ?is subject1 we mu/ n pass ov] ! societies :i* h />t$ up 9 connexion ) our imm$iate object4 ,^! ,ba?s & ,wa%h\ses = ! ,poor are an admirable *>ity1 obvi\s to v little ( ! dang] :i* is apt to ?reat5 b5evol5t und]tak+s4 ,x w\ld1 h[ev]1 be a mo/ s]i\s drawback on _! utility1 if !y 7 to r5d] p indiff]5t to ! mu* great] s*eme ( giv+ a con/ant supply ( wat] at home4 ,) respect to ! build+ associations = ! improvem5t ( ! h\ses ( ! poor1 _! ef=ts1 z x seems to me1 w be mo/ advantage\sly direct$1 n 9 build+ h\ses1 b 9 buy+ & prep>+ gr\nd1 & lett+ x out to ! individual build] ^u conditions compell+ ! desir$ /ructural arrangem5ts4 ,9 ?is way !y may imm5sely ext5d ! sph]e ( _! usefulness4 ,x is n by limit+ _! pr(it1 & s insi/+ ^u prov+ _! b5evol5ce1 b by giv+ bir? to ! greate/ am\nt ( b5eficial ex]tion on ! "p ( individuals1 t !y may d mo/ good4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we come n[ to consid] :at may be done by individual ex]tion4 ,"h x is1 t by f> ! l>ge/ field is op5 = endeav\r3 "h1 t neglect is mo/ injuri\s4 ,_m a man :o subscribes l>gely to *>ities1 has creat$ m objects = !m1 ?an he has furni%$ !m ) means to relieve1 if he has neglect$ b a little 8 duties z an employ] ( lab\r1 or an own] ( prop]ty4 ,?is mis*ief arises f consid]+ *>ity z some?+ sep>at$ f ! re/ ( our transactions2 :]eas a wise man weaves x 9 ) !m1 & f9ds ! fir/ ex]cise = x 9 matt]s t gr[ out ( 8 ne>e/ social relations1 z p>5t1 ma/] ( a h\sehold1 employ] ( lab\r1 & ! l4 ,! m we look into ! "q1 ! m weight1 ,i ?9k1 we %all atta* to individual ex]tion4 ,take x 9 all its bran*es4 ,consid] ! mo/ rem>kable impulse ev] giv5 to ! en]gies ( ,europe--! ,crusades4 ,x 0 an aggregate ( individual impulses4 ,e /rong & ent]pris+ man felt t x 0 a matt] :i* conc]n$ 8 own s\l4 ,x 0 n only t he 0 to cause some?+ to be done = ! great object1 b1 if possible1 he 0 to d x himself4 ,a ,crusade aga9/ ,mis]y is call$ = n[2 & x w only be c>ri$ on successfully by !re be+ _m p]sons :o are ready to ?r[ _! own life & en]gy into ! ent]prise4 ,m]e m]c5>y aid alone w nev] d x4 ,look1 moreov]1 at :at "o man c d4 ,a ,*a?am spr+s into p[]1 & we are told t d[n to ! l[e/ dep?s ( (fice a pulsation is felt :i* %[s t !re is a he>t once m at ! summit ( affairs4 ,! di/ant s5t9el walks ) a firm] tread on ! banks ( ! ,ebro1 hav+ he>d t ! ,duke has arriv$ at head qu>t]s4 ,s1 ?r\gh\t4 ,e :]e y f9d individual en]gy ! su/a9+ p[]4 ,see1 9 public (fices1 h[ x is ! two or ?ree effici5t m5 :o c>ry on ! bus9ess4 ,x is :5 "s individuals subscribe l>gely 9 "t1 ?\ght1 & en]gy1 to any b5evol5t association t x is mo/ l to prosp]--= !n x mo/ resembles "o p[]ful devot$ man4 ,! add+ up ( _m m5's indol5ce w n d4 ,y ?9k1 p]haps1 li/less man ( rank or weal?1 t y\r ord] su/a9s y4 ,%ort "t w\ld x d s1 b = ! wor?y individuals :o belong to x1 & :o1 at ! full l5g? ( ! lev]1 are able to su/a9 a weight :i* w\ld ?r[ ! wor?less1 weightless m5 into air 9 a m9ute4 ,9 ! above cases x has be5 "o man wield+ mu* p[]2 b 9 ! ef=ts t are want$ to arre/ ! evils :i* we h be5 consid]+1 ! humble/ among/ u has a l>ge sph]e ( action4 ,a provid5t lab\r+ man1 = example1 is a bless+ to 8 family & to 8 neighb\rs2 & is ?us do+ :at he be/ c1 to relieve ev5 national di/ress4 ,x is a total mi/ake to br+1 z x 71 all ! mis]y & mis=tune toge!r1 & say1 n[ f9d me a rem$y l>ge z ! evil1 to meet x4 ,resolve ! evil into its orig9al compon5t p>ts4 ,imag9e t !re _h be5 no su* ?+ z ! squ&]+1 dr9k+1 abs5tee ,iri% l&lords we read ( 9 ! la/ g5]ation--d y suppose t we %\ld h z _m inhabitants 9 ,/4 ,giles's1 & ! ,liv]pool cell>s1 to look aft] n[8 ,s1 ) ! ,engli% l&lords & manufactur]s ( t "t1 see :at a subtraction f ! g5]al mass ( difficult mat]ial !re w\ld h be51 if ^? m5 _h done _! duty4 ,b y w say we are /ill talk+ ( bodies4 ,imag9e1 !n1 t dur+ ! la/ g5]ation !re _h be5 ! en]getic ef=ts ( individuals 9 ^! bodies1 t !re are n[1 direct$ to ! welf>e ( ! p "u !m4 ,x w\ld1 no d\bt1 h be5 a great easem5t ( ! pres5t difficulty4 ,any body :o does 8 duty to 8 dep5d5ts keeps a c]ta9 numb] out ( ! vortex2 & 8 example is ne>ly sure to be foll[$1 if he acts 9 an in(f5sive1 mode/ fa%ion4 ,dr4 ,arnott has %[n :at great ?+s may be done 9 ! way ( v5tilation by individual employ]s4 ,see :at b5efit w\ld arise if only "s few build]s1 tak+ to he>t ! pres5t mis]able accommodation = ! poor1 :i* few "k bett] ?an !y d1 w\ld1 9 _! build+ ent]prises1 speculate also 9 h\ses ( ! small] k9d1 & take a pride 9 do+ ! utmo/ = !m4 ,"o might easily multiply in/ances :]e individual ex]tion w\ld come 92 b ea* man mu/ 9 "s measure f9d out ! fit sph]e ( action = him4 ,! ,/atesman tells u t ! real weal? ( a /ate is ! numb] ( s]viceable m9ds 9 x4 ,! object ( a good citiz5 %\ld be to make himself "p ( ?is weal?4 ,let him aid :]e he c 9 b5evol5t associations1 if well assur$ ( _! utility1 & at ! same "t m9dful ( ! duty ( private endeav\r2 b d n let him ?9k t he is to wait = ! ,/ate's int]f]5ce1 or = co-op]ation ( any k9d4 ,i d n say t su* aids are to be despis$1 b t !y are n to be wait$ =1 & t ! means ( social improvem5t are 9 e body's h&s4 ,= w>f>e1 m5 are =m$ 9 masses1 & sci5tific arrangem5t is ! s\l ( _! proce$+s4 ,b indu/rial conque/s &1 especially1 ! conque/s ( b5evol5ce1 are (t5 made1 "h some:at & !re some:at1 individual ef=t /ruggl+ up 9 a ?\s& free ways4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! individual fre$om :i* we possess is a great reason = individual ex]tion4 ,h[ l>ge t fre$om is1 x ne$s b a slight acqua9tance ) ! pa/ to e/imate4 ,?r\gh :at ages h we n toil$ to ! conviction t p %\ld n be burnt = _! op9ions4 ,! lighte/ ^w ab\t dignities1 ! slighte/ claim to fre$om ( ?\ght or spee* ^u ^? matt]s :i*1 p]haps1 angelic natures w\ld h>dly v5ture to pron\nce ^u1 ev5 ! wayw>d play ( morbid imag9ation1 7 n unlikely 9 =m] times to lead to signal puni%m5ts4 ,a man might almo/ 9 8 sleep commit treason1 or h]esy1 or wit*craft4 ,! mo/ cauti\s1 (ficial-spok5 man among/ u1 if c>ri$ back on a sudd5 to ! days ( ,h5ry ! ,eigh?1 w\ld1 at ! end ( ! fir/ week1 be pursu$ by a g5]al hue & cry f ! au?orities1 civil & ecclesia/ical1 = 8 high & he9\s words aga9/ ,k+1 ,*ur*1 & ,/ate4 ,:ile n[1 ,alfr$ ,t5nyson ju/ly describes our c\ntry z ,! l&1 :]e girt ) fri5ds or foes1 ,a man may say ! ?+ he w4 ,!re is dang] ( our los+ ?is fre$om if we neglect ! duties :i* x imposes4 ,b ,i h resolv$ to avoid dwell+ ^u dang]s1 & w\ld r appeal to o!r motives4 ,! triumph = a nation s individually free z ours1 w\ld be to %[ t ! possible b5efits ( despotism belong$ to x--t !re %\ld be pat]nal gov]nm5t )\t injuri\s control--t ^? ?+s %\ld ultimately be atta9$ by ! ex]tions ( _m :i* a despot c devise & execute at once1 b :i* 8 successor may1 ) l facility1 efface4 ,:]eas :at is ga9$ = _m by _m1 is n easily got back4 ,x mu/ be va/ embankm5ts inde$ :i* c\ld compel t sea to give up its conque/s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we h n[ gone ?r\gh ! pr9cipal means by :i* social rem$ies may be effect$3 !re comes ! consid]ation )9 :at limits ^! means %\ld be appli$4 ,! subject ( int]f]5ce is a mo/ difficult "o4 ,we are greatly mi/ak51 h[ev]1 if we suppose t ! difficulty is conf9$ to ,gov]nm5t int]f]5ce4 ,:o does n "k ( extreme mis*ief aris+ f ov]-guidance 9 social relations z well z 9 /ate affairs8 ,! inh]5t difficulty ) respect to any int]f]5ce1 is a matt] :i* we h to get ov] 9 innum]able transactions ?r\gh\t our lives4 ,! way 9 :i*1 z be=e said1 x appe>s to me x %\ld be met1 is pr9cipally by enlight5m5t z to ! purposes ( int]f]5ce4 ,look at ! causes :i* are s (t5 f\nd to r5d] int]f]5ce mis*iev\s4 ,! gov]n+ p[] is anxi\s to exalt itself2 in/ead ( giv+ life & en]gy1 wi%es only to absorb !m4 ,or x is b5t ^u hav+ "s outw>d ?+ done1 c>eless ( ! pr9ciples on :i* x is done1 or ( ! mode & _s ( do+ x4 ,h5ce1 9 public affairs1 ?+s may be c>ri$ :i* h only a %[ ( goodness1 b 9 reality are full ( dang]2 & 9 private life1 !re arise =mality1 hypocrisy1 & all k9ds ( surface actions4 ,or1 aga91 ! gov]n+ p[] is fond ( mu* & m9ute int]f]5ce1 in/ead (1 z ,burke advises1 employ+ means few1 unfrequ5t1 & /rong4 ,!re may also be ano!r error1 :5 f ov]-t5d]ness1 or want ( k1 ! au?ority 9 "q suff]s ^? "u its influ5ce to lean on x1 :5 !y are /rong en\gh to walk by !mselves4 ,all ^! errors are g5]al ones1 :i* require to be gu>d$ aga9/ 9 ! education ( a *ild1 z well z 9 ! gov]nm5t ( a /ate4 ,all ( !m1 too1 h _! root 9 an insuffici5t appreciation ( ! value ( free ef=t4 ,b :5 ?is is once atta9$1 ! int]f]+ p>ty w see t 8 ef=ts %\ld ma9ly be enabl+ ones3 t he may come z an ally to ^? engag$ 9 a conte/ too great = _! ability2 b t he is n to weak5 pr[ess by unne$$ m$dl+4 ,x may be said t ?is is vague4 ,i am cont5t to be vague ^u a po9t :]e1 ,i believe1 ! greate/ ?9k]s w be v cauti\s ( lay+ d[n precise rules4 ,look at :at ,burke says ) reg>d to /ate int]f]5ce--t x %\ld conf9e itself to :at is truly & prop]ly publick1 to ! publick peace1 to ! publick safety1 to ! publick ord]1 to ! publick prosp]ity4 ,h[ l>ge a scope d ^? words publick prosp]ity af=d4 ,besides1 ! transactions1 9 :i* we want to asc]ta9 j limits = our int]f]5ce1 are s num]\s1 & s v>i\s1 t !y are n to be met b by an inconceivable multiplicity ( rules4 ,su* rules may embody mu* exp]i5ce1 b !y seldom exhau/ ! subject :i* !y treat (2 & !re is ! dang] ( our suff]+ !m to enslave1 in/ead ( m]ely to guide1 our judgm5ts4 ,& !n1 on "s critical occasion1 :5 ! exception1 & n ! rule1 is 9 accordance ) ! pr9ciple on :i* ! rule has be5 =m$1 we may commit ! greate/ folly 9 keep+ to :at we fancy ! l&m>ks ( sagacity & exp]i5ce4 ,in/ead1 !re=e1 ( lay+ d[n any ab/ract rules1 ,i w only obs]ve t a prima facie reluctance to all int]f]5ce is mo/ reasonable1 & p]haps z necess>y 9 ! social _w1 z friction is 9 ! physical _w1 9 ord] to prev5t e unguid$ impulse f hav+ its full me*anical effect3 t1 nev]!less1 int]f]5ce mu/ (t5 be resort$ to3 & t ! be/ security = act+ wisely 9 any p>ticul> case1 is n to suff] ourselves to be n>r[ly circumscrib$ by rules1 b at ! same "t to be v cauti\s ( attempt+ any m]e pres5t good1 ( gett+ notions ( our own rapidly c>ri$ into action1 at ! exp5se ( t fre$om & moral ef=t :i* are ! sure/ f\ndations ( all progress4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we 7 consid]+1 above1 ! claim :i* our individual fre$om makes on our individual ex]tion = ! good ( o!rs4 ,b ?is fre$om mu/ 9 "s degree be limit$ 9 ord] to produce its be/ results2 & among/ !m1 to secure ! greate/ am\nt ( su* individual ex]tion4 ,we "k ! re/ra9t t mu/ exi/ ^u all1 if all are to enjoy equal fre$om4 ,! fre$om ( "o is n to be a t]ror to ano!r4 ,law is bas$ ^u ?is obvi\s pr9ciple4 ,b !re are o!r circum/ances also1 9 :i* individuals w f9d support & com=t 9 ! g5]al fre$om be+ circumscrib$ by "s int]f]5ce on ! "p ( ! /ate or o!r bodies4 ,su* a case occurs :5 ! great majority ( "s class ( private individuals w\ld will+ly submit to wise regulations = ! g5]al good1 b _c d s )\t great sacrifice1 because ( ! selfi% recusancy ( "s few among/ !m4 ,"h is a juncture at :i* ! ,/ate might int]f]e to enable individuals to c>ry out _! b5evol5t int5tions4 ,b "o ( ! ma9 reasons = "s degree ( int]f]5ce f ! ,/ate or o!r au?oriz$ bodies1 9 matt]s connect$ ) our pres5t subject1 is t1 o!rwise1 ! responsibilities ( individuals w\ld be left ov]:elm+4 ,x is to be rememb]$ by ^? :o w\ld re/ra9 su* int]f]5ce )9 ! n>r[e/ possible b\nds1 t !y by s mu* increase individual responsibility4 ,responsibility c1 happily1 by no s*eme1 be made to vani%4 ,:]ev] a signal evil exi/s1 a duty lies some:]e to attack x4 ,suppose a di/rict1 = in/ance1 9 :i* ! /ate ( mortality is excessive1 a mortality cle>ly traceable to ! want ( sanit>y regulations4 ,9 a despotic gov]nm5t x may be en\gh to m5tion ?is to ! c5tral body4 ,9 a free /ate1 :]e ! duties ( a citiz5 come 91 m is requir$ f ! individual2 & if !re is no fit body ( any k9d to appeal to 9 su* a case1 ! burd5 lies ^u all m5 acqua9t$ ) ! facts1 to endeav\r conjo9tly1 or sep>ately1 to remove ! evil4 ,:ile1 on ! "o h&1 we mu/ bew>e ( introduc+ su* int]f]5ce1 :e!r com+ f ! ,/ate or o!r bodies1 z might p>alyse individual ex]tion1 we mu/ at ! same "t rememb] t ! weight to be remov$ may be left ov]:elm+ly disproportionate to individual ef=t1 or ev5 to conjo9t ef=t1 if unau?oriz$1 bo? ( :i* may ?us be /iff5$ by despair into inaction4 ,9 ! in/ance we h j be5 consid]+1 we mu/ n say t ! p imm$iately int]e/$ 9 remov+ ! evil w d s !mselves4 ,x is "p ( ! hypo!sis t !y w n4 ,ages h pass$ by1 & !y h n4 ,!y d n "k :at is evil4 ,x has be5 obs]v$ t savages are r>ely civiliz$ by ef=ts ( _! own4 ,a vessel f civiliz$ p>ts comes & f9ds !m savages4 ,a g5]ation passes away4 ,ano!r vessel comes1 h[ diff]5tly propell$1 h[ diff]5tly con/ruct$2 mann$ by sailors :o h diff]5t co/ume1 food1 ways ( spee* & habits f ! =m] ones2 b !y are able to recognize at once ! savages describ$ by _! =efa!rs4 ,^! h n *ang$4 ,! acc\nt ( !m is z exact z if x 7 writt5 ye/]day4 ,9 su* a l&1 we mu/ n look = ! g]m ( improvem5t among/ ! mis]able inhabitants !mselves4 ,x mu/ come f )\t1 br\ght ?i!r by hopeful1 all-sympa?iz+ ent]prize4 ,,*ap4 ,,iv4 ,,9 ,,:at ,,_s ,,! ,,rem$ies ,,are ,,to ,,be ,,effect$4 ,:5ev] ! condition ( ! lab\r+ p becomes a g5]al topic1 "s errone\s modes ( discuss+ x arise :i* des]ve notice4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 !re is a matt] :i*1 9 all our fri5dly ef=ts = ! work+ classes1 we mu/ n =get1 & t is1 to make ^! ef=ts ) k9dl9ess to o!r classes4 ,! abuse ( o!r p is an easy mode ( %[+ our own b5evol5ce1 m easy ?an pr(itable4 ,to alleviate ! di/ress ( ! poor may be no ga91 if1 9 ! process1 we aggravate ! envies & jeal\sies :i* may be _! especial temptation4 ,! _s to be wi%$ = is sympa?y2 & t w n be produc$ by ne$less reproa*es4 ,besides1 x is su* fooli% inju/ice to lay ! blame ( ! pres5t /ate ( ?+s on any "o class4 ,x is unpractical1 unphilosophical1 & inconsi/5t ) hi/ory4 ,if we mu/ select any class1 d n let u turn to ! weal?y1 :om1 p]haps1 we ?9k ( fir/4 ,!y h1 9 no "t t ,i am aw>e (1 be5 ! pre-em95t rul]s ( ! _w4 ,! ?9k]s & writ]s1 !y are ! gov]n+ class4 ,!re is no d\bt t ! ri* & great h 9 mo/ cases a l>ge sph]e ( usefulness op5 to !m2 & !y are fatally bl9d1 if !y neglect x4 ,t is1 h[ev]1 r a matt] = !m to ?9k (1 ?an = ^? :o are "u !m4 ,& ,i feel q c]ta9 t ! evils we are n[1 z a nation1 beg9n+ to be s5sitive to1 are su* z may be m fairly attribut$ to ! nation1 9 its collective capacity1 ?an to any "o class1 or ev5 to any "o g5]ation4 ,i notice ! error ( ! opposite op9ion1 believ+ x to be a signal h9drance to improvem5t4 ,let u n beg9 a great "w ) bitt]ness4 ,i am n1 h[ev]1 = ! slighte/ concealm5t ( ! tru?1 & c well und]/& ! righte\s indignation t w break out at witness+ ! in/ances ( c>eless cruelty to be se5 daily4 ,/ill1 ?is is n to be done by a sy/ematic & undi/+ui%+ attack ^u any "o class3 if x requires a bold h&1 x requires a j "o also1 "u a reasonable re/ra9t ( humility4 ,i suspect t ^? m51 if any1 :o h a "r to ca/ ! fir/ /one at _! neighb\r 9 ?is matt] w be among ! la/ p]sons to d s4 ,x is a griev\s ?+ to see lit]ature made a vehicle = enc\rag+ ! enmity ( class to class4 ,yet ?is1 unhappily1 is n unfrequ5t n[4 ,"s great man summ$ up ! nature ( ,fr5* novels by call+ !m ! ,lit]ature ( ,despair3 ! k9d ( writ+ t ,i deprecate may be call$ ! ,lit]ature ( ,envy4 ,x w\ld be extreme inju/ice to say t ! writ]s !mselves are actuat$ by an envi\s or malignant _s4 ,x is (t5 m]e c>elessness on _! "p1 or ignorance ( ! subject1 or a want ( skill 9 repres5t+ :at !y d "k4 ,y w\ld nev] imag9e f _! writ+s t "s ( ! mo/ self-d5y+ p]sons1 & ( ^? :o ex]t !mselves mo/ = ! poor1 are to be f\nd among/ ! ri* & ! well-born1 includ+ ( c\rse ! great ,employ]s ( lab\r4 ,su* writ]s l to ?r[ _! influ5ce1 z !y might say1 into ! weak] scale4 ,b t is n ! prop] way ( look+ at ! matt]4 ,_! bus9ess is n to balance class aga9/ class1 b to unite all classes into "o h>moni\s :ole4 ,i ?9k if !y saw ! ung5]\s nature ( _! proce$+s1 t alone w\ld /op !m4 ,!y %\ld recollect t lit]ature may fawn ^u ! masses z well z on ! ari/ocracy3 & 9 ^! days ! temptation is 9 ! =m] direction4 ,b :at is mo/ griev\s 9 ?is k9d ( writ+1 is ! mis*ief x may d to ! work+ p !mselves4 ,if y h _! true welf>e at he>t1 y w n only c>e = _! be+ f$ & clo!d2 b y w be anxi\s n to enc\rage unreasonable expectations 9 !m1 n to make !m ungrateful or gre$y-m9d$4 ,above all1 y w be solicit\s to pres]ve "s self-reliance 9 !m4 ,y w be c>eful n to let !m ?9k t _! condition c be :olly *ang$ )\t ex]tion ( _! own4 ,y w\ld n desire to h x s *ang$4 ,once elevate y\r ideal ( :at y wi% to happ5 among/ ! lab\r+ population2 & y w n easily admit any?+ 9 y\r writ+s t may injure _! moral or _! m5tal "*1 ev5 if y ?\ght x might ha/5 "s physical b5efit = !m4 ,t is ! way to make y\r g5ius mo/ s]viceable to mank9d4 ,dep5d ^u x1 hone/ & bold ?+s require to be said to ! l[] z well z to ! high] classes2 & ! =m] are 9 ^! times mu* less likely to h su* ?+s address$ to !m4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 ! same way t we are fond ( lay+ ! neglect1 & ! duty1 ( ex]tion ^u "s class1 ev5 on our own1 r ?an on our especial selves1 we are mu* giv5 to look = some?+ new :i*1 9 a magical mann]1 is to settle ! :ole difficulty4 ,b :5 p look = a novelty ( ?is k9d1 :at d !y mean8 ,"s moral novelty8 ,! ,*ri/ian religion has be5 eighte5 hundr$ ye>s be=e ! _w1 & h we exhau/$ ! morality 9 t8 ,"s political novelty8 ,we are surely ! nation1 ^: con/itution1 :atev] may be said aga9/ x1 has be5 mo/ wr\ght & temp]$ by div]se ?\ght & action4 ,"s novelty 9 art or sci5ce8 ,:]e has man atta9$ to a great] ma/]y ov] matt] ?an 9 ?is iron-%e>+ c\ntry8 ,! utmo/ t "o age c be expect$ to d 9 ! way ( discov]y is b little2 & t little by few m54 ,let u sit d[n & make use ( :at we h4 ,! /ock out ( :i* national welf>e might be =m$ lies 9 huge1 unwork$-up masses be=e u4 ,social improvem5t dep5ds ^u g5]al moral improvem5t4 ,moral improvem5t mo/ly comes1 & at lea/ is mo/ safely look$ =1 n 9 ! way ( acquisition b ( developm5t4 ,n[1 z reg>ds ! conduct ( ! v>i\s classes ( ! /ate to ea* o!r1 we d n want any new !ory ab\t x1 b only to develop t k9dly feel+ :i* is already 9 ! _w betwe5 l & l1 :i* makes a p>5t1 = in/ance1 s k9d ev5 to ! faults ( 8 *ildr54 ,we want t feel+ c>ri$ ov] all ! ob/ructions ( imp]fect sympa?y :i* h$ge x 9 n[4 ,?is w be done by bo? classes kn[+ m ( ea* o!r4 ,"o ( ! great reasons = ! education ( ! p is1 t ev5 educat+ !m a little enables ri* & poor to und]/& ea* o!r bett]--9 fact1 to live m h>moni\sly toge!r4 ,if our sympa?ies 7 duly enlight5$ & enl>g$1 we %\ld f9d t we did n ne$ "o doctr9e = our conduct to fri5ds1 ano!r = our conduct to dep5d5ts1 & ano!r = our conduct to neighb\rs4 ,"o _s w\ld suffice to guide u rightly 9 all ^! relations4 ,! un9/ruct$ man look+ ar\nd him on ! univ]se1 & see+ a wond]ful v>iety ( appe>ances1 is incl9$ to imag9e t !re are numb]less laws & sub/ances ess5tially diff]5t1 little kn[+ f h[ few ( ei!r ! pr(usion ( beauty 9 ! _w is =m$4 ,b ! creative en]gy ( :at we call ,nature1 deal+ ) few sub/ances1 breaks out into e =m & col\r ( lovel9ess4 ,"h1 we h ! da9ty fl[]et :i* ,i w\ld comp>e to ! graceful k9dnesses pass+ among equals2 !re1 ! ri* corn-field l ! sub/antial b5efits :i* ! wise ma/]-work] conf]s on ^? ar\nd him2 "h aga91 ! f>-spread+ oak :i*1 ) its welcome dep? ( %ade1 may rem9d u ( ! duties ( protection & fav\r due f ! great to ! humble2 & !re1 ! m>riage ( ! v9e to ! elm1 a similitude = social & dome/ic affection4 ,! k9dnesses to :i* ,i h comp>$ ^! v>i\s products ( ,nature1 are also ( "o _s1 & may be work$ out ) few mat]ials4 ,inde$1 "o man may 9 8 life manife/ !m all4 ,no new discov]y1 no sep>ate tea*+1 = ea* bran* ( ?is div9e k1 is ne$$4 ,i d n say t !re may n be physical discov]ies1 or legislative measures1 :i* may greatly aid 9 improv+ ! condition ( ! lab\r+ classes4 ,b1 if we obs]ve h[ new ?+s come1 9 our own life = in/ance1 or 9 ! c\rse ( hi/ory1 we %all f9d t !y seldom come 9 ! direction 9 :i* we are look+ out = !m4 ,!y fall beh9d u2 &1 :ile we are gaz+ ab\t = ! novelty1 x has come d[n & has m+l$ ) ! cr[d ( old ?+s1 & we did n "k x4 ,let u beg9 work+ on ! old & obvi\s f\ndations1 & we %all be mo/ ready to make use ( :at new aid may come1 if we d n f9d an almo/ inexhau/ible novelty 9 :at we deem$ s commonplace4 ,!re is no way ( burni%+ up old tru?s l act+ ^u !m4 ,y may rely ^u x t x is "o ( ! mo/ un:olesome & unworkmanlike /ates ( m9d to be look+ ab\t =1 & rely+ ^u1 "s great *ange :i* is all ( a sudd5 to put y into a position to d y\r duty 9 a signal mann]4 ,duty is done ^u truisms4 ,b let discov]ies 9 morals or 9 physics h come2 suppose any ext5t ( political amelioration y please2 & grant t ! m outw>d evils h be5 conqu]$ by comb9$ ef=t4 ,let our dra9s fl[ l rivulets1 & imag9e t light & air p]meate ^? dwell+s :i* n[ m\ld] 9 a loa?some obscurity4 ,let ! poor be c>$ = 9 _! heal?1 _! amusem5ts1 _! education1 & _! lab\r4 ,/ill ! great "w = an employ] ( lab\r rema9s = ev] to be r5ew$2 t :i* consi/s 9 ! daily int]c\rse ( life1 9 t p]petual ex]cise ( c>e & k9dness conc]n+ ^? small ?+s :i*1 small z !y may be1 are nev]!less ! *ief "p ( m5's lives4 ,p]haps ! greate/ possible amelioration ( ! human lot is to be f\nd 9 ! improvem5t ( our notions ( ! duties ( ma/] to man4 ,x 7 h>d to say :at c\ld be nam$ z an equival5t = ev5 a slight improvem5t 9 t respect1 see+ t !re is no day 9 :i* millions ^u millions ( transactions d n come )9 its limits4 ,if ?is relation 7 b a little improv$1 ) :at a diff]5t m9d w\ld ! great mass ( m5 g to _! "w 9 ! morn+1 f ! slave :o toils amid rice fields 9 ,georgia to ! s]f 9 ,li?uanian =e/s4 ,nor w\ld ^? f> above ! extremes ( s]fdom fail to reap a l>ge "p ( ! b5efit4 ,x _c be argu$ t civilization r5d]s m5 indep5d5t3 x (t5 fa/5s b m firmly ! fett]s ( s]vitude--at lea/ x b9ds !m ^u limbs m easy to be gall$4 ,its t5d5cy is to give h>% words ! p[] ( bl[s4 ,consid] :at a ?+ x is to be ma/]4 ,to h ! k+-l privilege ( address+ o!rs fir/1 to comm5t = ev] on _! conduct1 :ile y are free f any reciprocal animadv]sion4 ,?9k :at an immeasurable diff]5ce x mu/ make1 :e!r y\r subord9ate feels t all he does is sure to be tak5 = ! be/1 t he w meet ) cont9ual graci\sness1 t he has a ma/] :o is good "l & bro!r to him3 or :e!r he lives 9 con/ant d\bt1 timidity1 & discom=t1 ) a re/less desire ( escape ev] upp]mo/ 9 8 m9d4 ,i d n apply ?is only to ! ord9>y relation ( ma/] & s]vant4 ,y sometimes see ! mo/ cruel use made ev5 ( a slight social sup]iority1 :]e ! cruelty is enhanc$ by ! education & o!r advantages ( ! suff]+ p>ty4 ,to say no?+ ( ,*ri/ianity1 !re is ! greate/ want ( *ivalry 9 su* proce$+s1 9 :atev] rank !y take place1 :e!r f ma/]s to s]vants1 employ]s to employ$1 or 9 ^? m delicately con/itut$ relation%ips j allud$ to4 ,9 all our int]c\rse ) ^? :o h n a full p[] ( reply+ to u1 in/ead ( be+ ! less re/ra9$ on ?is acc\nt1 :i* is ! case ) mo/ ( u1 ! weakness on ! o!r side ought to be an irresi/ible claim to g5tl5ess on ours4 ,! same applies :5 :at is naturally ! weak]1 be+ gu>d$ by social conv5tionalities on its side1 is 9 reality ! /rong]1 & is tempt$ into insol5ce1 ?us abus+ ! humanity ( ! _w4 ,b1 let u turn f ! abuse ( p[]1 & see :at x is :5 wield$ by disc]n+ h&s4 ,x is l a heal?ful atmosph]e to all )9 its b\nd>ies4 ,o!r b5efits come & g1 b ?is is inhal$ at e brea?1 & =ms ! life ( ! man :o lives "u x4 ,x is a p]petual h>mony to him1 songs )\t words1 :ile he is at 8 "w4 ,"o ( ! mo/ /rik+ in/ances we h _h 9 mod]n times ( ?is j temp]am5t ( a ma/] 0 to be not$ 9 ,sir ,walt] ,scott4 ,! p dep5d5t ^u him 7 happi]1 ,i imag9e1 ?an y c\ld h made !m1 if y _h made !m indep5d5t4 ,if y c\ld h di/ribut$1 z x 71 ,scott's worldly prosp]ity1 y _c easily conceive t x w\ld h produc$ m good ?an :5 x fell full on him1 & 0 =?) radiat$ to all ar\nd him4 ,y may say t ?is 0 p>tly ! result ( g5ius4 ,be x s4 ,g5ius is1 by ! def9ition ( x1 "o ( ! highe/ gifts4 ,if1 ) humble means1 we c produce "s ( its effects1 x is great ga94 ,)\t1 h[ev]1 wi%+ to depreciate ! atta*+ influ5ce ( g5ius1 we mu/1 ,i ?9k1 attribute mu* ( ?is admirable be>+ 9 ,scott to an ess5tial k9dl9ess ( nature & a deep s5se ( humanity4 ,if he _h possess$ no peculi> gifts ( expression or imag9ation1 & quietly foll[$ ! vocation ( 8 fa!r1 a writ] to ! ,signet1 he w\ld h be5 lov$ 9 8 (fice z he 0 on 8 e/ate2 & old cl]ks w\ld h be5 ,laidlaws & ,tom ,purdies to him4 ,scott w\ld "u any circum/ances h insi/$ on be+ lov$3 he w\ld h be5 a good "l & bro!r to any man or set ( m5 ov] :om he _h ! lea/ control4 ,y _c make out t true graci\sness ( 8 to be a m]e love ( feudal usages4 ,x is ! be/ ?+ t rema9s ( him1 bett] ?an all 8 writ+s1 if1 inde$1 x 7 n visible ?r\gh\t !m4 ,! duties ( ma/] to man are ! m important1 because1 h[ev] mu* ! relation may v>y 9 its outw>d =m1 x w n be mapp$ d[n z 9 ?is or t latitude1 b rema9s z p]vad+ z ! air4 ,we may h br\ght d[n ! ^w *>ity to its mo/ abject s5se1 consid]+ :at is b ! husk ( x to be ! inn]mo/ k]nel4 ,m]e symbols ( x may g on4 ,9 times1 :5 few ?+s 7 fur!r ap>t ?an *>ity & papal sway1 ! popes /ill w5t ?r\gh ! =m ( wa%+ poor m5's feet4 ,b t symbol has a wondr\s significance--! dep? ( s]vice :i* is due f all ma/]s1 ! humble *>ity :i* %\ld ev] accompany true lord%ip & dom9ion4 99 99 99 99 99 ,:5 consid]+ 9 :at _s our rem$ies %\ld be attempt$1 "o ( ! mo/ important ?+s to be urg$ is1 t x %\ld be 9 a _s ( hopefulness4 ,9 "o ( ,dr4 ,arnold's lett]s !re is ! foll[+ passage4 ',too late1' h[ev]1 are ! words :i* ,i %\ld be incl9$ to affix to e plan = re=m+ society 9 ,engl&2 we are +ulf$1 ,i believe1 inevitably1 & mu/ g d[n ! cat>act2 al?\gh ourselves1 i4e4 y & ,i1 may be 9 ,hezekiah's case1 & n live to see ! cata/rophe4 ,simil> =ebod+s 7 utt]$ on o!r occasions by ?is em95tly good man 9 ! latt] ye>s ( 8 life4 ,i quote ! passage to %[ h[ deep mu/ h be5 ! appreh5sion ( dang] & di/ress :i* c\ld s depress him2 &1 m especially1 = ! purpose ( prote/+ aga9/ any simil> despond5cy :i* ,i fe> to be v preval5t 9 ^! times4 ,x ma9ly arises1 z x seems to me1 f a confusion betwe5 ! t]m ( our own life & t ( ! /ate4 ,we see a cl\d :i* ov]%ad[s our own g5]ation1 & we exclaim t ! heav5s & e>? are com+ toge!r4 ,h[ (t51 9 read+ hi/ory1 does a simil> feel+ occur to u4 ,we ?9k1 h[ c ! p we are read+ ( revive aft] ?is :irlw9d ( de/ruction6 ,imag9e h[ mu* m !y !mselves mu/ h felt despond5cy4 ,a ,nor?umbrian look+ ^u ,william ! ,conqu]or's deva/ations--a monk consid]+ ! /ate ( ?+s ar\nd him 9 ! ext]m9at+ conte/ ( ,/eph5 & ,matilda1 or ! w>s ( ! ,roses--! rema9+ "o ( a family swept (f by "s ( ^? giant epidemics :i* desolat$ our t[ns 9 ! f\rte5? c5tury--a memb] ( ! defeat$ p>ty 9 ! /ruggles ( ! ,re=mation1 ! ,rebellion1 or ! ,revolution--:at w\ld any su* p]son h prophesi$ z to ! fate ( 8 c\ntry8 ,h[ little w\ld he h =ese5 ! pres5t ple?oric1 /eam-driv+1 _w-conqu]+ ,engl&6 ,s ) u4 ,we too h evils1 p]haps ( z l>ge dim5sion1 ?\gh 9 "s respects ( a totally diff]5t "* f ^? :i* our =efa!rs endur$--& did n s9k "u4 ,no?+ is to be %unn$ m ?an ,despair4 ,h[ pr(\nd is ! wisdom :i* has plac$ ,hope 9 ! front rank ( ,*ri/ian virtues4 ,= is x n ! p>5t ( endeav\r8 ,& 9 ?is p>ticul> matt]1 ! improvem5t ( our social condition1 ! m we exam9e x1 ! m we %all discov] cause = hope4 ,! evils are s l9k$ toge!r t a %ock giv5 to any "o w\ld electrify ! :ole mass ( evil4 ,take an in/ance4 ,suppose t ^? :o h ! means be/ir !mselves to improve ! h\ses ( ! poor4 ,see :at good w fl[ f t4 ,physical suff]+ is dim9i%$2 b t is1 p]haps1 ! lea/ ?+4 ,cleanly & economical habits are =m$2 dome/ic occupations are increas$2 m p]sons live ?r\gh ! work+ p]iod ( life2 & a class is =m$ l[ d[n 9 ! body politic :o are atta*$ to some?+1 = a man :o has ! t5ancy ( a good h\se to lose1 is n altoge!r de/itute4 ,& "u :at circum/ances is all ?is done8 ,by ! m influ5tial classes tak+ a k9dly conc]n 9 a matt] 9 :i* all are deeply int]e/$4 ,?is is n ! lea/ "p ( ! good4 ,inde$1 )\t x1 all ! re/1 h[ev] excell5t 9 itself1 w\ld lack its mo/ engag+ features4 ,see+ !n 9 "o in/ance h[ mu* good may be done ev5 ) slight ef=ts1 we may det]m9e to resi/ despond5cy4 ,to yield to x1 ev5 b a little1 is to help 9 build+ up ! trophy = ! o!r side4 ,al?\gh we mu/ n li/5 to despond5cy1 we mu/ n1 on ! o!r h&1 attempt to conceal f ourselves t ?is subject1 ! condition ( ,engl& "q z x has be5 call$1 is oppressively l>ge2 or suppose t x c be dealt ) o!rwise ?an by ev]-gr[+ vig\r4 ,at ! pres5t mom5t public att5tion is unusually fix$ ^u x4 ,b ?is may be ( brief duration4 ,! public soon becomes satiat$ ) any subject4 ,"s =eign w>1 or political conte/1 may all at once turn its looks 9 f> o!r directions4 ,b ! social rem$ies t we h be5 talk+ (1 are n ?+s to be f9i%$ by a s+le /roke4 ,we _c expect to complete !m j :ile ! daylight ( public op9ion is ) u4 ,! evil to be /ruggl$ aga9/ is a ?+ entw9$ ) e fibre ( ! body politic4 ,x is en\gh to occupy ! :ole m9d ( ! age2 & dem&s ! be/ en]gies ( ! be/ m9ds4 ,x %\ld be a ,?irty ye>s' w> aga9/ slo? & neglect4 ,x requires m5 :o w p]sev]e ?r\gh public fav\r or disfav\r1 :o c subdue _! own fa/idi\sness1 be indiff]5t to +ratitude1 tol]ant ( folly1 :o c endure ! extreme vexation ( see+ _! mo/ highly priz$ endeav\rs ?w>t$ by well int5tion$ fri5ds1 & :o are n dep5d5t = rew>d ^u ^? ?+s :i* are address$ to vanity or to ambition4 99 99 99 99 99 ,aft] a long fit ( di/ress :i*1 = ! poor] classes1 may almo/ be call$ a sev5 ye>s' fam9e1 we are n[ app>5tly ent]+ ^u "o ( our p]iodic times ( prosp]ity4 ,y he> ( ?\s&s ( additional h&s be+ want$1 ( new mills ris+ up1 & at la/ ( a revival ( ! home trade4 ,x is "o ( ^? brea?+ spaces 9 :i* we c look back ) less despond5cy1 & =w>d ) "s delib]ation4 ,ea* man's appreh5sions = 8 own =tunes ne$ no long] absorb 8 :ole att5tion4 ,yet "o _c obs]ve all ?is cla%+ & :izz+ ( ma*9]y1 ?is cr[d+ on our quays1 ?is cont5tion ( railway projects1 & ! g5]al life & hum ( r5ew$ activity1 )\t a pr(\nd fe> & sadness le/ su* ?+s %\ld pass on1 z _! pr$ecessors h pass$1 leav+ only an increas$ bulk ( unh&y mat]ials to be dealt )4 ,x is "o ( ^? p]iods ^u :i* ! hi/orian1 arm$ ) all t wisdom :i* a k ( ! result c furni% him1 may ?us dilate 9 measur$ s5t5ces4 ,a "t ( ne>ly sev5 ye>s ( /eady di/ress _h n[ elaps$2 nor c x be said1 t ?is di/ress _h be5 lightly reg>d$ by ?\ghtful m9ds1 or t its salut>y process _h n comm5c$4 ,! "q ( ! condition ( ! lab\r+ classes _h 9 a measure become prom95t4 ,! ,essayi/ moraliz$ ab\t x aft] 8 fa%ion2 ! lov] ( /ati/ics array$ 8 fe>ful li/s ( figures to %[ its nature & ext5t2 ! writ] ( fiction wove x into 8 tale2 ! j\rnali/ f\nd x a topic n easily to be exhau/$3 old m5 %ook _! heads ov] x2 & ! "y1 to ! a/oni%m5t ( ! _w1 began to talk ( x z a matt] ( press+ int]e/ to !m4 ,n[ 0 ! "t :5 ,great ,brita9 might h look$ into ?is "q4 ,b a return ( prosp]ity1 :i* we mu/ almo/ call insidi\s1 lull$ att5tion4 ,sickness & adv]sity are soon =gott54 ,& ?is nation awoke z f a bad dream :i* x 0 by no means desir\s ( recall+ 9 its daylight rem9isc5ces4 ,my fri5ds1 let u n give an opportunity to ! hi/orian to moralize ^u u 9 ?is mann]4 ,if we are employ]s ( lab\r1 let u be?9k ourselves t n[ is ! "t = p]suad+ our m5 to d some?+ = !mselves2 n[ is ! "t = gett+ improvem5ts made 9 our t[n & neighb\rhood1 ! public be+ 9 a *e]ful mood2 n[1 too1 we c ourselves adv5ture some?+ = ! good ( ^? ar\nd u4 ,d n let u be anxi\s to dra9 ! cup ( prosp]ity to its la/ drop1 hold+ x up s t we see no?+ b x4 ,let u c>ry ourselves =w>d 9 imag9ation1 & !n look backw>d on :at we are do+ n[4 ,t is ! way to ma/] ! pres5t1 = ! be/ "p ( =esight is 9 ! reflex4 ,:at matt] is x h[ _m ?\s&s ( p\nds we make1 comp>$ to h[ we make !m8 ,yes1 "s "o w reply1 ! imag9>y hi/orian des]ves to be he>d4 ,?is is ! "t = ! nation to d some?+4 ,really a ,gov]nm5t ) a surplus %\ld put all ?+s to rights4 ,oh1 ^! unhappy collective n\ns1 :at h !y n to answ] =6 ,?is ^w nation1 = in/ance3 we sub/itute x in/ead ( writ+ d[n "s millions ( names1 a conv5i5ce n altoge!r to be despis$4 ,b y\rs1 my fri5d1 is !re4 ,! ^w nation is n an ab/ract idea2 b means an aggregate ( human be+s4 ,no individual man is elim9at$ by ?is process ( abbreviation4 ,y\r be+ "o ( a nation is to enri* y ) duties1 n to deprive y ( !m4 ,b ^! l>ge words (t5 soo! u into oblivi\sness4 ,x puts "o 9 m9d ( long algebraical op]ations 9 :i* ! /ud5t has :olly lo/ sight ( reality1 & is driv+ on 8 symbols1 q unable to grasp _! significance4 ,?is may be well en\gh = him1 = ev5tually "s result comes out :i* c be v]ifi$4 ,b if we1 9 active life1 play ) g5]al t]ms1 we d n come to su* di/9ct results1 b only get into pr(\nd confusion1 z x w be 9 ?is case1 if we expect great ?+s to happ5 f "s comb9$ ef=t 9 _! corporate capacity ( ^? :o1 z individuals1 are look+ on4 99 99 99 99 99 ,be=e we leave (f1 let u look at ! subject 9 its full scope4 ,a l>ge portion ( our fell[ c\ntrym5 are liv+1 n 9 a passive /ate ( di/ress1 b 9 "o :i* manufactures rapidly disease1 & pov]ty1 & crime4 ,i ?9k x has be5 %[n t x is 9 ! p[] ( o!r classes to raise ?is condition4 ,at any rate x is 9 _! p[] to make ! attempt4 ,!re is no occasion = wait+--ea* ( u c d some?+ to-day 9 ?is matt]4 ,n[ consid] :at w\ld be ! effect ( success 9 ^! endeav\rs4 ,let u n take ! o!r result z probable2 or1 ev5 9 hypo!sis1 draw any picture t might make despond5cy plausible4 ,suppose1 !n1 ! success ( individual1 or unit$ ef=ts1 9 rais+ ! condition ( ! lab\r+ classes4 ,:at an undivid$ good x is4 ,has any man "s p>ticul> re=m at he>t1 "s especial hopes = 8 race8 ,:]e c he look = su* a basis to re/ ^u z 9 ! improv$ condition ( ! l>ge/ lay] ( ! p8 ,:at a field x op5s = sci5ce1 lit]ature1 & art4 ,:at fre$om may x n give to ! highe/ ranges ( ?\ght4 ,i _c ?9k ! de/9ies ( our race an unimprov+ matt] ( contemplation1 & t x sav\rs ( presumption1 or ( ne$less =elook+1 to reflect on ^! ?+s4 ,a notable portion ( ! great human family utt]s e day a pray] 9 :i* ! individual supplicant asks1 n = himself alone1 ev5 ^? bless+s :i* he c individually enjoy1 b also1 & fir/1 implores ^? g5]al bless+s :i* include ! welf>e ( 8 own race at lea/4 ,:at is ! mean+ ( ?is1 if we are to take no int]e/ 9 ! g5]al welf>e1 or n1 by e means 9 our p[]1 to aid 9 x8 ,9 ! bett] ord] ( m5 !re is a desire = social improvem5t totally indep5d5t ( all ?\ght ( p]sonal ga94 ,bi%op ,butl] saw 9 ! fact1 t !re 7 p]sons :o devot$ !mselves to a pursuit s remote f worldly ends z a/ronomy1 a wond]ful in/ance ( ! innate consci\sness 9 man ( 8 high orig9 & de/9y4 ,b an e>ne/ & unselfi% love ( social progress1 is a f> m satisfy+ sign t ! impress ( good is n altoge!r effac$1 & t m5 are n :olly isolat$ by worldl9ess f ! future & ! pa/4 ,h5ce1 9 a season ( calm wea!r1 ,?\gh inl& f> we be1 ,our s\ls h sight ( t immortal sea ,:i* br\ght u hi!r1 ,c 9 a mom5t travel ?i!r1 ,& see ! ,*ildr5 sport ^u ! %ore1 ,& he> ! mighty wat]s roll+ ev]more4 ,,f9is4 ,,app5dix4 ,! foll[+ table %[s ! progressive decrease 9 ! sum ( vitality 9 ! ?ree classes ( ! inhabitants ( ,pre/on4 ,! calculations are f\nd$ on ! ages at dea? = ! six ye>s end+ ,june #cj1 #ahdc3-- #a4 ,g5try4 #b4 ,tradesm54 #c4 ,op]atives4 ,born #ajj #ajj #ajj ,rema9+ at #ij4h #gi4f #fh4b ! end ( #a/ ye> 11 #bnd ye> #hg4f #gc4e #eg4e 11 #e? ye> #hb4d #fa4h #dd4f 11 #aj? ye> #ha4a #ef4f #ch4h 11 #bj? ye> #gf4c #ea4f #ca4e 11 #cj? ye> #gb4c #de4i #be4b 11 #dj? ye> #fc4d #cg4e #bj4d 11 #ej? ye> #ef4 #bh4a #ae4f 11 #fj? ye> #de4a #bj4e #aa4b 11 #gj? ye> #be4d #ac4c #f4a 11 #hj? ye> #h4 #d4e #b4a 11 #ij? ye> #a4c 4#h 4#b 11 #ajj? ye> 4 4 4 4 4#jc ,t]m9ates 9 ,t]m9ates 9 ,t]m9ates 9 ! #ibnd ye>4 ! #if? ye>4 ! #ajcrd ye>4 ,evid5ce ( ,rev4 ,j4 ,clay4 ,heal? ( ,t[ns ,report1 page #agd4 ,! foll[+ table %[s ! progressive decrease 9 ! vitality ( ! ?ree classes f ! age ( #ba ye>s3-- ,g5try1 c4 ,tradesm51 c4 ,op]atives4 #ba ye>s old #ajj #ajj #ajj ,rema9+ at #cj #id4g #hi4d #gi4g ye>s old 11 #dj ye>s old #hc4b #gc4b #fc4g 11 #ej ye>s old #gc4d #ee4j #dh4i 11 #fj ye>s old #ei4a #dj4d #cd4f 11 #gj ye>s old #cc4d #bf4e #ah4i 11 #hj ye>s old #aj4h #i4f #g4a 11 #ij ye>s old #a4f #a4e #a4a 11 #ajj ye>s 4 4 4 4 #j4f old ,t]m9ates at ,t]m9ates at ,t]m9ates at #ib ye>s4 #if ye>s4 #ajc ye>s4 ,evid5ce ( ,rev4 ,j4 ,clay4 ,heal? ( ,t[ns ,report1 page #age4 #a4 ,sav+ by "o-?ird ( ! actual numb] ( #a1bdj p\nds ,dea?s4 ,! exp5se ( ea* be+ e/imat$ at #bl4 #ajs4 #b4 ,sav+ 9 ! excess ( ,bir?s beyond #a 9 #dd #hbg p\nds ( ! ,population2 ! exp5se ( ea* ,bir? be+ tak5 at #al4 #c4 ,sav+ 9 day's lab\r f sickness1 #g1jdg p\nds e/imat+ "o-?ird ( ! cases out ( ! exp5se4 #af1gaj ,cases4 #d4 ,r$uction by "o-half ( ! exi/+ exp5se #eja p\nds ( ,wid[hood & ,orphanage1 ! am\nt tak5 f ! actual exp5diture4 #e4 ,sav+ 9 ! exp5se ( ,insurance1 by #ae1jjj p\nds keep+ ! wat] on night & day1 s z to be 9 read9ess at "o m9ute's notice4 ,e/imat$ on half ! numb] ( ,h\ses at #fs4 p] ,h\se4 #f4 ,sav+ ( ,productive ,manure e/imat$ at #be1jjj p\nds #ajs4 p] head on ! :ole ,population4 ,all liquid & solid ,manure & ,/reet ,sweep+s be+ c>ri$ out ( ,t[n by ! ,sew]s4 #g4 ,sav+ 9 ,wa%+1 c4 consequ5t on ! #aj1dej p\nds burn+ ( ,factory ,smoke4 ,e/imat$ at #a;d4 p] head p] week ( ! ,population4 #h4 ,sav+ ( outside pa9t+ ( ,%ops & #a1bej p\nds ,h\ses2 e/imat+ ! co/ p] ,h\se at #bes4 & ! sav+ at "o-f\r? ( ! sum4 p\nds s4 d4 ,total annual sav+ to ! t[n #dg1hae #j #j ,total weekly sav+ to ! t[n #iai #aj #d ,total annual sav+ to ea* h\se #d #ae #g ,total weekly sav+ to ea* h\se #j #a #aj ,total annual sav+ to ea* #j #ai #a individual ,total weekly sav+ to ea* #j #j #d4be individual ,evid5ce ( ,rev4 ,j4 ,clay4 ,heal? ( ,t[ns ,report1 page #aig4 ,total ,a4 ,b4 ,c4 ,d4 ,numb] ( ,co/ p] ,h\se = ,capital4 ,r5t p] ,h\se4 ,total ,total ,increas$ ,r5tal ,h\ses4 ,outlay4 requir$ defray+ by ,annual ,in/alm5ts ( ,pr9cipal & ,int]e/ ( #bj ,ye>s = ! ,h\se cleans+ & ,wat] ,app>atus1 & #cj ,ye>s = ,sew]s & ,dra9s4 p\nds s4 d4 s4 d4 p\nds p\nds s4 d4 #a4 ,9 want ( wat] #e1jjj #j #aj #j #j #f #b1ejj #bjj #ae #j #b4 4 4 4 ma9 sew] #aj1jjj #j #e #j #j #b #b1ejj #afb #ab #f 4 4 4 second>y d4 #g1iai #b #i #f #b #f #ai1eii #a1bgd #ah #i #c4 4 4 4 h\se-dra9s #aj1jjj #j #ae #j #j #i #g1ejj #dhg #ag #i #d4 4 4 4 wat] closets #aj1jjj #b #j #j #b #j #bj1jjj #a1fjf #a #j #e4 4 4 4 v5tilation #aj1jjj #j #ae #j #j #i #g1ejj #fjb #d #f #f4 4 4 4 /reet-sweep+ #aj1jjj 4 4 4 #i #c 4 4 #d1fbe #j #j p\nds s4 d4 ,total imm$iate exp5diture ( #ea1eii #j #j capital requir$ = ! improvem5t ( ! t[n ,total increas$ r5tal #h1iei #i #h 7includ+ ! annual exp5se ( /reet-sweep+7 ,imm$iate exp5diture = ea* #e #ai #c h\se ,total increas$ annual r5t #j #ae #aa = ea* h\se ,total increas$ weekly r5t #j #j #c4ge = ea* h\se ,imm$iate exp5diture p] head #a #c #i ( ! population ,annual exp5diture p] head ( #j #c #f4e ! population ,weekly exp5diture p] head ( #j #j #j4ge #ad_/eb ! population ,evid5ce ( ,rev4 ,j4 ,clay4 ,heal? ( ,t[ns ,report1 page #aif4 ,,dr4 ,,arnott ,,to ,,! ,,au?or1 ,,on ,,! ,,subject ,,( ,,v5tilation4 ,b$=d ,squ>e1 ,janu>y1 #ahde4 ,,my ,,de> ,,sir1 ,to aid ! memory ( p]sons inquir+ ab\t ! means ( pres]v+ heal?1 ,i h else:]e endeav\r$ to m>k cle>ly1 t ! f\r ?+s1 fit air1 temp]ature1 alim5t1 & ex]cise1 are all t ne$ to be secur$1 & ! two ?+s viol5ce & poisons all t ne$ to be avoid$1 by m5 ( s\nd con/itution1 t !y may enjoy un9t]rupt$ heal? & long life2--& consequ5tly t ! causes ( all o!r disease ?an ! decay f age are to be look$ = 9 errors committ$ 9 reg>d to ^! f\r necess>ies1 or 9 ! direct influ5ce ( ^! two k9ds ( noxi\s ag5ts4 ,! tabul> view on ! opposite page #bhb1 n[ to be exam9$1 exhibits ! subject to ! eye4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 "s mod]ately w>m & uni=m climates ( ! e>?1 su* z ! ,azores or ,we/]n ,isles 9 ! ,atlantic1 ! two fir/ m5tion$ necess>ies1 viz4 fit temp]ature & pure air1 are s con/antly pres5t t ! inhabitants no m ?9k ( !m z necess>ies to be lab\r$ = ?an !y ?9k ( ! gravitation :i* holds _! bodies to ! e>? z su* a necess>y4 ,b 9 cold]1 or *ang+ climates1 to procure h\se-%elt]1 clo?+1 & fuel1 = cold wea!r becomes a v consid]able "p ( ! necess>y bus9ess ( life4 ,& :]e food is de>1 t is to say1 obta9able only z ! rew>d ( mu* lab\r1 z is true 9 ,engl&1 ! am\nt( lab\r :i* individuals c p]=m ) safety to _! heal?1 is (t5 n suffici5t to supply all ! urg5t wants4 ,exposure to temp]ature l[] ?an :at suits ! human con/itution is s sev]ely felt1 t p]sons1 ev5 be=e fix$ disease has aris5 z a consequ5ce1 _c rema9 indiff]5t to x2 & h[ little soev] "s m9ds are dispos$ to reflect or speculate on su* subjects1 !re are few :o are n aw>e t all ! diseases :i* 9 ?is & o!r climates are call$ w9t] diseases1 z cat>rhs1 qu9sies1 pleurisies1 cr\ps1 rheumatisms1 c4 c4 are consequ5ces ( error 9 reg>d to temp]ature4 ,b only p]sons ^: att5tion has be5 specially direct$ to ! subject become fully aw>e ( ! fatal influ5ce ( t want ( fre% air :i* ! clos5ess or o!rwise faulty con/ruction ( dwell+s occasions4 ,! imm$iate effect is little felt1 al?\gh ! insidi\s enemy is unfail+ly produc+ diseases p]haps m de/ructive ev5 ?an ^? f cold1 above enum]at$4 ,impair$ bodily & m5tal vig\r1 & ! scr(ul\s con/itution :i* r5d]s p]sons m liable to _m diseases & among ^! to consumption1 ! de/roy] at pres5t ( ab\t a six? "p ( ! inhabitants ( ,brita91 may be cit$ z "p ( ! effects4 ,9 ,engl&1 z yet1 _m s+ul> & hurtful misconceptions prevail on ! subjects ( bo? w>m+ & v5tilat+4 ,! object ( a little "w :i* ,i publi%$ "s "t ago on ^! subjects1 0 to sub/itute = ! misconceptions correct k1 & to describe "s new & simple means ( obta9+ ! objects s\ght4 ,a consid]able *ange1 h[ev]1 9 common op9ions & habits is n easily effect$1 & ! co-op]ation ( _m lab\r]s w be requir$ to accompli% all t is "h want$4 ,9 a new edition ( ! book1 n[ 9 prep>ation1 ,i h attempt$ to conv]t "s rem>kable errors t h be5 committ$ 9 public situations into useful w>n+s or lessons = ! future4 ,x is b rec5tly t ev5 ! memb]s ( our ,h\ses ( ,p>liam5t became aw>e t _m ( _! body =m]ly _h lo/ heal?1 & ev5 life1 f want ( a complete v5tilation ( ! ,h\ses1 easy to be effect$4 ,& at pres5t ! havoc made 9 ! cr[d$ workrooms ( mill9]s1 tailors1 pr9t]s1 c4 & ! injury done to "y heal? 9 _m s*ools1 f simil> want ( k1 are mo/ pa9ful to contemplate4 ,)\t ! requisite k v exp5sive attempts are made ) little or no b5efit2 ) t k1 ! desir$ ends may be completely atta9$ at little co/4 ,! great error committ$ 9 reg>d to v5tilation has be5 ! want ( an outlet 9 or ne> ! ciel+ ( rooms1 = ! air r5d]$ impure 9 !m by ! brea?+ ( inmates & ! burn+ ( c&les1 lamps1 gas1 c4 ,at pres5t ! only outlet ( ,engli% rooms is ! fire place or *imney op5+ ne> ! floor4 ,b all ! impurities above ref]r$ to rise at once t[>ds ! ciel+1 because ( ! less5$ specific gravity ( air :5 heat$1 & !re !y w\ld at once escape by a fit op5+4 ,:]e !re is no su* op5+1 h[ev]1 !y become diffus$ 9 ! upp] air ( ! room1 & c escape only sl[ly by div+ "u ! *imney-piece z t air is *ang$4 ,?us ! air ( a room above ! level ( ! fire-place1 :5ev] !re are p or lights 9 ! room1 mu/ always be load$1 m or less1 ) impurity4 ,! pure/ air ( ! room is t ne> ! floor1 be+ ! la/ t ent]$1 & ! coole/1 !re=e & heavie/ specifically2 & ) ?is ! fire is f$1 :ile ! hott] impure air rema9s almo/ /agnant above1 ar\nd ! heads & m\?s ( ! company4 ,to remove ! evil "h ref]r$ to1 ,i h %[n1 t ev5 ) an op5 fire1 if ! ?roat ( ! *imney be prop]ly n>r[$ by a regi/] flap1 an op5+ made ne> ! ciel+ into ! *imney flue1 ) a valve 9 x to all[ air f ! room to ent] ! *imney1 b all[+ no smoke to come out--w s]ve v effectually2 & t :]e !re is no op5 fire ! v5tilation c1 by ! means describ$1 be made /ill m complete4 ,! great error ) respect to w>m+ 9 rooms = _m inmates has be5 to h all ! heat radiat+ 7none be+ giv5 (f by contact7 f "o focus or fire place1 p]sons ne> to :i* consequ5tly mu/ receive too mu*1 & ^? f> f :i* w receive too little2 :ile ! supply ( fre% air ent]s1 cold1 at a few op5+s *iefly1 & p\rs dang]\sly on p]sons sitt+ ne> ^!4 ,9 common rooms1 ) op5 fires1 ! evils describ$ may be less5$ consid]ably by admitt+ fre% air ?r\gh tubes or *annels :i* op5 ei!r ne> ! fire1 or all along ! skirt+s s t ! fre% air is equally di/ribut$ ov] ! room & mix$ ) ! mass ( air previ\sly 9 x3 b to h :at is desirable1 ! air be=e di/ribution mu/ be w>m$ by "s ( ! simple means n[ kn[n1 z ( w>m *annels 9 ! brick "w ar\nd ! fire1 or ( ! air be+ made to come into contact ) ! surface ( prop]ly regulat$ /oves1 or tubes conta9+ heat$ wat]4 ,i h giv5 detail$ acc\nts ( ^! means 9 ! publication above ref]r$ to2 & ,i h contriv$ & describ$ v>i\s regulators applicable to /oves & to ! furnaces ( hot-wat] app>atus1 :i* give complete comm& ov] ! rate ( combu/ion1 & save ne>ly all ! ord9>y tr\ble ( wat*+ fires4 ,!n1 to give complete effici5cy to bo? ! w>m+ & v5tilat+ app>atus describ$1 ,i h _h made a simple air-mov]1 or v5tilat+ pump1 :i* may be work$ by a weight1 l a kit*5 jack1 or by a tr$dle1 l a sp9n+-:eel or turn+-la!2 & :i*1 9 all /ates ( w9d & ( temp]ature1 w deliv] by measure any quantity ( air into or out ( any inclos$ space4 ,! means ( v5tilat+ & ( w>m+ n[ ref]r$ to1 may 9 diff]5t cases be adopt$ 9 "p or 9 :ole4 ,9 ! dwell+s ( ! poor ( cities1 :]e ! same room s]ves = all purposes1--work+ at a trade1 sleep+1 cook+1 & is nev] unoccupi$1 a brick tak5 out ( ! wall1 f ne> ! ciel+1 ov] ! fireplace1 s z to leave !re an op5+ into ! *imney-flue1 removes great "p ( ! evil2 & if a simple *imney-valve1 :i* ,i h describ$1 all[+ air freely to ent] ! *imney1 b no smoke to return1 be add$1 & !re be an additional op5+ made 9 "s conv5i5t "p ( ! wall or w9d[ to admit & di/ribute fre% air1 :]e air en\gh _c ent] by ! crevices & jo9ts ab\t ! door & w9d[1 ! arrangem5t might be deem$ = su* places complete4 ,ev5 9 a mill9]'s or tailor's cr[d$ "w room a l>g] op5+ ( ?is k9d into ! *imney1 ) its balanc$ valve1 & ) a bran*+ tube hav+ inv]t$ funnel m\?s ov] ! gas lamps1 or o!r lights1 & convey+ all ! burn$ air to ! valv$ op5+ #bhg 9 ! *imney1 is s great an improvem5t on pres5t practice1 t _m w\ld deem x p]fection4 ,to ?is1 h[ev]1 may be add$1 at little co/1 an op5+ = admitt+1 & *annels beh9d ! skirt+ = di/ribut+1 ! fre% air2 & to make ! ?+ really complete1 !re mu/ be also ! means1 by a /ove or by hot wat] pipes1 ( w>m+ ! air be=e its di/ribution2 & !re mu/ be ! v5tilat+ pump to inject & measure air :5 su* action may be requir$4 ,dur+ ! w9t]1 9 _m cases ! *imney draught w\ld be suffici5t to produce ! desir$ curr5ts ( air )\t ! pump4 ,all ! means "h spok5 ( h already be5 & are 9 satisfactory op]ation 9 v>i\s places4 ,! *imney-valves h be5 made by ,mr4 ,slat]1 gas-fitt]1 #bc1 ,d5m>k ,/reet1 ,soho1 & ,mr4 ,edw>ds1 #bj1 ,pol& ,/reet1 ,ox=d ,/reet4 ,! pump by ,mr4 ,b[les1 #eh1 ,great ,coram ,/reet1 & ,mr4 ,williams1 #be1 ,upp] ,clevel& ,/reet4 ,! /oves by ,mr4 ,edw>ds1 ,pol& ,/reet1 ,messrs4 ,bramah & ,co4 ,piccadilly1 ,messrs4 ,bailey1 ,holborn1 & o!rs4 ,i am1 my de> sir1 y\rs v truly1 ,n4 ,,arnott4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*>les ,,:itt+ham1 ,,*iswick4 ,,! ,,f\r ,,necess>ies4 ,9 fit ,k9d & ,9 ,defici5cy4 ,9 ,excess4 ,degree4 #a4 ,,air ,suffocation ,excess ( ,oxyg54 ,un*ang$ ,air4 #b4 ,,temp]ature ,cold 7int5se7 ,heat 7int5se47 #c4 ,,alim5t3-- ,food ,hung] ,gluttony1 or ,surfeit4 ,dr9k ,?ir/ ,swill+ wat]4 #d4 ,,ex]cise3-- ,( ! body ,inaction or ,fatigue or ,exhau/ion4 ,( ! m9d ,ennui ,want ( ,sleep4 ,c]ta9 depress+ ,c]ta9 excit+ passions1 z fe>1 passions1 z ang]1 sorr[1 c4 jeal\sy1 c4 ,( ! mix$ ,solitude ,debau*]y4 social aptitudes4 ,,! ,,two ,,noxi\s ,,ag5ts4 #a4 ,,viol5ce3-- ,w\nds1--,fractures1--,burns1 c4--,lightn+4 #i4 ,,poisons3-- ,animal1 ,m9]al1 ,vegetable4 ,c]ta9 ( ^!1 su* z alcohol 9 its v>i\s =ms1 opium1 tobacco1 c4 :i* 9 l>ge quantities kill in/antly1 :5 !y are tak5 9 v mod]ate quantity c be borne ) app>5t impunity1 & are sometimes class$ z articles ( su/5ance1 or !y may be m$ic9al1 b if tak5 beyond su* mod]ation1 !y become to ! majority ( m5 de/ructive sl[ poisons4 ,contagions1--z ( plague1 small-pox1 & measles4 ,mal>ia ( m>%es1 ?ickets1 & ( fil?4 ,footnotes3 #adg ,see ,app5dix4 #bjb ,!re are sev]al ?\s& grat+s :i* are utt]ly useless on acc\nt ( _! position1 & positively injuri\s f _! emanations4--,mr4 ,dyce ,gu?rie4 ,heal? ( ,t[ns ,report1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bee4 #bji ,to give an idea ( ! pr9ciple ( cont\r l9es1 we may suppose a hill1 or any elevation ( l& cov]$ ) wat]1 & t we want to trace ! c\rse ( all ! levels at e #d feet ( v]tical height2 suppose ! wat] to subside #d feet at a "t1 & t at ea* subsid5ce ! l9e ( ! wat]'s edge is m>k$ on ! hill2 :5 all ! wat] is )drawn1 suppos+ ! hill to be #bd feet high1 x w be m>k$ ) a set ( six l9es1 d5ot+ ! cont\rs ( ea* ( ! levels1 exactly #d feet above ea* o!r4--,mr4 ,butl] ,williams's evid5ce be=e ! ,heal? ( ,t[ns ,commission4 #bad;a ,see ,mr4 ,toynbee's ,evid5ce4 ,heal? ( ,t[ns ,report1 vol4 i4 pp4 #hg1 #hh4 #bad;b ,see ,dr4 ,arnott's ,evid5ce4 ,heal? ( ,t[ns ,report1 vol4 i4 pp4 #de1 #df4 #bae;a ,see ,dr4 ,guy's ,evid5ce4 ,heal? ( ,t[ns ,report1 vol4 i4 p4 #ib4 #bae;b ,9 ,/4 ,george's1 ,s\?w>k1 out ( #adfg p]sons :o receiv$ p>o*ial relief1 #abgf are report$ to h be5 ill ) fev]4 #bcc ,! mis*ief t may be done by associations = b5evol5t purposes1 :5 ill-direct$1 is admirably %[n 9 a pamphlet on ! subject ( ,visit+ ,societies by ,presbyt] ,ca?olicus4 ,james ,d>l+1 ,little ,que5 ,/reet1 #ahdd4 ,"o ( ! objects ( ?is pamphlet is to %[ t ! comm& address$ to alms-giv]s n to let _! left h& "k :at _! "r h& doe?1 conc]ns ! receiv] z mu* z ! giv]--t a man's alms w be conv]t$ into a s\rce ( almo/ unmix$ evil1 if _! di/ribution become a subject ( notoriety1 :i* is ! case 9 public *>ities4 ,?is1 l mo/ g5]al propositions1 is n to be con/ru$ ov] /rictly2 b !re is mu* tru? 9 x1 7especially if we take ! ^w alms 9 its mo/ re/rict$ s5se7 & x des]ves to be weigh$ c>efully by all :o wi% to r5d] _! b5evol5ce mo/ available4 #bhb ,! tabul> view has be5 mov$ to ! end ( ! lett] 9 ?is ,project ,gut5b]g transcription4--,,dp4 #bhg ,! au?or ( ?is book has tri$ "o ( ^! valv$ op5+s recomm5d$ by ,dr4 ,arnott1 & has f\nd x answ] v well4