,,ma/]pieces ,,9 ,,col\r ,,edit$ ,,by ,t4 ,,leman ,,h>e ,,pietro ,,p]ug9o 7#addf-aebd7 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,i4--,,virg9 ,,& ,,*ild ,,) ,,ador+ ,,angels 7,9 ! ,national ,gall]y1 ,london7 ,?is is ! c5tre panel f ! great alt>-piece commission$ by ,duke ,lodovico ( ,milan1 f ,p]ug9o1 = ! ,c]tosa ( ,pavia1 & complet$ 9 #adii4 ,! ?ree l[] panels are replac$ 9 ! *ur* by copies1 ! orig9als hav+ be5 pur*as$ f ! ,c]tosa by ! ,melzi family 9 #aghf1 & sold by ,duke ,melzi to ! ,national ,gall]y 9 #ahef4 ,a ma/]piece ( ,pietro's religi\s art1 pa9t$ 9 8 be/ me?od & be/ p]iod4 ,p]ug9o ,,by ,,selwyn ,,br9ton1 ,m4,a4 ,,illu/rat$ ,,) ,,eight ,,reproductions ,,9 ,,col\r ,illu/ration3 ,,9 ,,sempit]num ,,london3 ,t4 ,c4 ,e4 ,c4 ,,jack ,,new ,,york3 ,,fr$]ick ,a4 ,,/okes ,,co4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,li/ ,,( ,,illu/rations ,plate ,i4 ,virg9 & ,*ild ) ,ador+ ,angels ,frontispiece ,9 ! ,national ,gall]y1 ,london ,page ,,ii4 ,/4 ,seba/ian #ad ,9 ! ,muse du ,l\vre1 ,p>is ,,iii4 ,! ,deposition f ! ,cross #bd ,9 ! ,pitti ,palace1 ,flor5ce ,,iv4 ,/4 ,m>y ,magdal5 #cd ,9 ! ,pitti ,palace1 ,flor5ce ,v4 ,virg9 ) ,little ,/4 ,john ador+ ! ,infant ,*ri/ #dj ,9 ! ,pitti ,palace1 ,flor5ce ,,vi4 ,francesco delle ,op]e #ej ,9 ! ,uffizi ,gall]y1 ,flor5ce ,,vii4 ,! ,dead ,*ri/ #fj ,9 ! ,academy ( ,f9e ,arts1 ,flor5ce ,,viii4 ,virg9 & ,*ild ) ,two ,male ,sa9ts #gj ,9 ! ,national ,gall]y1 ,london 99 99 99 99 99 ,i ,illu/ration ,9 consid]+ ! "w ( "o ( ! greate/ ( ! ma/]s ( ! ,r5aissance1 we h to g fur!r back ?an ! disput$ "q z to :o 0 ! fir/ tea*] ( ,pietro di ,cri/(ano ,vannucci--surnam$ by 8 contempor>ies il ,p]ug9o1 ! ,p]ugian--& to inquire into ! m int]e/+ /ory ( 8 pr$ecessors 9 t wond]ful ,s*ool ( ,umbria1 on :i* 8 art puts1 9 a c]ta9 s5se1 ! seal & completion4 ,9 an e>li] "w on ?is subject ,i trac$ ?is s*ool1 9 its fir/ def9ite inception1 to t gr& old religi\s pa9t] ,niccolo da ,foligno1 ^: art may be /udi$ )9 8 native city ( ,foligno--9 8 great alt>-piece ( ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,niccolo--9 ,p]ugia1 ,p>is1 ,london1 & 8 f9e pa9t+s 9 ! ,vatican ,gall]y at ,rome2 & 9 all ^! works ,i trac$ 9 ,niccolo a great ma/]1 ar*aic b /rong 9 draw+ & full ( "*1 possess+ j ! qualities ( ! f\nd] ( a great s*ool4 ,b ^u t s*ool _m influ5ces 7 to /ream 91 & to affect its progress4 ,! e>li] art ( ,si5a1 ! city ( ,m>y ,virg91 int5sely emotional & religi\s 9 its "*1 ! dignity ( ,duccio & ! ,lor5zetti1 ! grace & delicate beauty ( ,simone ,memmi 7 among ^!4 ,close to ,niccolo himself1 9 ! hill-t[n ( ,montefalco1 ! ,flor5t9e1 ,b5ozzo ,gozzoli1 pupil ( ,fra ,angelico1 _h be5 busi$ on picture /ories f ,/4 ,francis' leg5d1 :i* seem to f9d _! cont9uation 9 ! ,p]ugian miracle pictures ( ,fior5zo di ,lor5zo2 & yet ne>] to ,flor5ce1 9 ! ,umbrian ,bord]l&1 t ,k+ ( ,pa9t+1 ,pi]o della ,francesca1 0 to comb9e ! ,umbrian emotion ) ,flor5t9e intellectualism4 ,^! are ! influ5ces :i* 7 to /ream ^u ! "y ,pietro z an eag] & indu/ri\s /ud5t--"s among !m ( c\rse indirectly1 b o!rs no d\bt v directly & imm$iately4 ,vas>i's acc\nt1 :i* is /ill ( fir/ value save :]e x is oppos$ by /rong] evid5ce1 is t he 0 s5t z a poor boy to gr9d col\rs & run err&s 9 ! bottega ( "s ,p]ugian pa9t]4 ,! impression :i* is "h giv5 ( 8 extreme pov]ty is probably exagg]at$4 ,! ,vannucci family _h enjoy$ ! citiz5%ip ( ,p]ugia s9ce #adbg1 nor 0 x 9 ,p]ugia b 9 _! native t[n%ip ( ,ca/el 7lat] ,citt7 della ,pieve t 8 son ,pietro 0 born to ,cri/(ano ,vannucci4 ,b we may take x t he left ! pat]nal ro( :ile yet a *ild 7he 0 probably n m ?an n9e ye>s old71 & 0 appr5tic$1 z above /at$1 9 ,p]ugia--?\gh to :at arti/ ,vas>i does n tell u4 ,"h1 !re=e1 conjecture is rife1 & ,buonfigli1--t delightful decorator ( ! ,p]ugian ,palazzo ,pubblico1--,fior5zo di ,lor5zo1 & ev5 ,niccolo da ,foligno himself h be5 assign$ by v>i\s critics z 8 tea*]4 ,p]sonally1 ,i incl9e to ,fior5zo di ,lor5zo1 ^: easel pa9t+s 9 ! ,gall]y ( ,p]ugia seem to =e%ad[ ! typical ,p]ug9o backgr\nd2 b x is yet m probable t ei!r z a ma/] or 7z sugge/$ by ,cr[e & ,cavalcaselle7 z a j\rneyman associate he may h come "u ! influ5ce ( ,pi]o della ,francesca1 & ga9$ f him t intimate k ( p]spective :i* appe>s 9 all 8 lat] works4 ,9 any case ?is unkn[n ma/]--if we are to believe ,vas>i--0 an inspir+ influ5ce2 = n only did he nev] cease to set be=e ,pietro ! great advantages & hon\rs t 7 to be obta9$ f pa9t+ 444 b :5 ! boy 0 wont to frequ5tly inquire ( him 9 :at city ! be/ arti/s 7 =m$ 444 he con/antly receiv$ ! same reply1 namely1 t ,flor5ce 0 ! place above all o!rs :]e9 m5 atta9 to p]fection 9 all ! arts1 b m especially 9 pa9t+4 ,i sp>e to my read] ! long h>angue :i* ,vas>i "h puts into ! m\? ( "y ,pietro's unkn[n tea*]1 & :i* ! critic pretty c]ta9ly evolv$ out ( 8 own inn] consci\sness2 & come to 8 conclusion1 :i* is1 t our ,pietro1 ) e goodwill to improve himself1 came to ,flor5ce1 & ent]$ ! fam\s bottega ( ,&rea del ,v]roc*io4 ,nor d ,i see any suffici5t gr\nd to reject ?is /atem5t1 ?\gh ,morelli 9 8 ,italian ,pa9t]s 7vol4 i4 p4 #ajg7 emphasises v prop]ly ! importance ( 8 e>li] tra9+1 9 all probability at ,p]ugia1 "u ,fior5zo di ,lor5zo1 & !n at ,arezzo "u ,pi]o della ,francesca1 & w n h him describ$ z unconditionally ! pupil ( ,v]roc*io4 ,! po9t to notice "h is t ,pietro mu/ h be5 a fairly advanc$ arti/ :5 he w5t1 obvi\sly to f9i% himself1 to ,flor5ce1 & t 9 8 e>li] "w x is n s mu* ! direct influ5ce ( ,v]roc*io :i* c\nts z t ( 8 c\ntrym51 ! ,umbrians4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,ii4--,,/4 ,,seba/ian 7,9 ! ,muse du ,l\vre1 ,p>is7 ,p]ug9o pa9t$ ?is ,sa9t _m times1 !re be+ m ?an six diff]5t r5d]+s /ill exi/+4 ,! picture reproduc$ "h is "o ( ! be/1 bo? 9 ! modell+ ( ! nude & ! s5tim5t ( ! figure & ! lovely ,umbrian l&scape4 ,x came 79 #ahif7 f ! ,sci>ra ,colonna ,gall]y4 ,und]nea? ! figure w be se5 ! words1 ,sagitte tue infixe sunt mi*i4 ,b at ,flor5ce he mu/ c]ta9ly h be5 9 ^! ye>s1 go+ !re 7z ! au?or ,i h j quot$ sugge/s7 soon aft] #adgj1 probably1 = a "t at lea/1 )9 ,v]roc*io's work%op1 & dr9k+ 9 all ! glori\s message ( ,flor5t9e art 9 ! company ( ! y\ng] g5]ation ( h] craftsm51 among :om ,giovanni ,santi1 9 8 rhym+ *ronicle ( art1 m5tions directly ano!r pupil ( ,v]roc*io1 ! "y ,leon>do da ,v9ci1 z 8 fri5d & associate3 ,due giov9 p> d'etate e p> d'amori ,leon>do da ,v9ci e'l ,p]us9o ,pi] della ,pieve4444 ,t he mu/ h be5 already advanc$ 9 8 art 9 ^? days is borne out by ! fact t only t5 ye>s lat] 7#adha7 he 0 summon$ by ,pope ,sixtus to ,rome1 to decorate1 9 ! company ( ! great ,flor5t9e ma/]s--,ghirl&ajo1 ,cosimo ,rosselli1 & ,botticelli--! walls ( ! ,si/9e ,*apel 9 fresco4 ,prior to ?is great commission1 ,milanesi notes 7#adge7 frescoes pa9t$ by him 9 ! great hall ( ! ,p]ugian ,palazzo ,pubblico1 :i* h entirely disappe>$1 & o!rs 7#adgh7 9 a *apel at ,c]queto1 ( :i* only a ,/4 ,seba/ian1 v ,umbrian 9 "*1 n[ survives4 ,:5ce x came ab\t1 says ,vas>i1 t ! fame ( ,pietro 0 s spread abroad )9 ,italy & )\t t1 to 8 great glory1 he 0 br\ght by ,pope ,sixtus to "w at ,rome 9 8 *apel1 9 company ) o!r excell5t craftsm53 9 ! :i* place he made ! /ory ( ,*ri/ :]e he gives to ,/4 ,pet] ! keys1 & likewise ! ',nativity' & ',baptism ( ,*ri/' & ! ',f9d+ ( ,moses' 444 & on ! side :]e is ! alt> ! mural pa9t+ ( ! ',assumption ( ,madonna1' :]e9 he drew ,pope ,sixtus on 8 knees4 ,b ^! la/-m5tion$ works 7 de/roy$ to make room = ! ',la/ ,judgm5t' ( ! div9e ,mi*elangelo1 9 ! "t ( ,pope ,paul ,,iii4 ,vas>i "h ref]s to ! wall pa9t+s 9 fresco ( ! ,nativity1 ,f9d+ ( ,moses1 & ,assumption4 ,all ^! h disappe>$ )\t a trace4 ,!re rema9 ! magnific5t ,deliv]y ( ! ,keys & ! frescoes ( ! ,j\rney ( ,moses & ! ,baptism ( ,*ri/4 ,i made a c>eful /udy ( ^! la/ two frescoes at ,rome t5 ye>s ago1 :5 writ+ ! life ( ,p9turic*io1 & t /udy l$ me to ! conclusion t "h we h ,p9turic*io work+ "u ,p]ug9o himself4 ,! ,moses1 = in/ance1 ,i wrote ( ! ,j\rney ( ,moses 9 ,egypt1 :o appe>s "h is ?or\ghly ,p]ug9esque 7he is to be comp>$ ) ! ,*ri/ & ! ,bapti/ 9 ! fresco opposite71 b is pa9t$ probably by ,p9turic*io "u ,p]ug9o's in/ructions4 ,! ,zipporah1 too1 :5 %e is se5 advanc+1 or aga9 :]e ! *ild 9 h] lap und]goes ! rite ( circumcision1 & ! female att5dant 9 :ite 9 ! corn] ( ! fresco are creations ( ,vannucci's v type & m\ld4 ,! beautiful l&scape1 h[ev]1 ) its palm-trees & ov]hang+ rocks1 is ?or\ghly 9 ,p9turic*io's mann]1 & ! fresco is full ( gr\p$ portraits--a ,flor5t9e trait4444 ,n[1 if we turn ab\t1 we c exam9e ! fresco opposite 7"r wall next ! alt>7 ( ! ',baptism ( ,*ri/'3 "h aga9 ,i f9d ! two ,umbrians to h be5 work+ 9 collaboration4 ,9 support ( ?is attribution x is int]e/+ to comp>e ! ',baptism' "h ) ! und\bt$ ',baptism' by ,p]ug9o at ,foligno4 ,i h se5 bo? ! ,foligno pa9t+ & t ( ! ,si/9a ?is mon?1 & h photographs ( ea* be=e me z ,i correct ^! notes2 & ,i f9d ! two gr\ps absolutely id5tical save = ! slight v>iations 9 type & drap]y ( ! ,/4 ,john1 caus$1 z ,i ?9k1 by 8 hav+ be5 pa9t$ by ,p9turic*io1 b "u ! eld] ma/]'s guidance4 ,i h "h quot$ f my notes1 writt5 )9 ! ,si/9e ,*apel itself1 at "s l5g?1 because !y lead me to "s ext5t to diff] f ! conclusions ( ,s5ator ,morelli1 :o1 insi/+ on ! poetry ( ,p9turic*io's l&scapes1 is dispos$ to give bo? ^! frescoes to t great ma/]4 ,p9turic*io 0 und\bt$ly work+ 9 ,rome z ,p]ug9o's assi/ant dur+ ?is pontificate ( ,pope ,sixtus4 ,cr[e & ,cavalcaselle say ( ?is arti/3 ,he 0 a ,p]ugian by bir? & education1 _h foll[$ ) mod]ate tal5t ! lessons ( ,buonfigli & ,fior5zo di ,lor5zo1 & aft]w>ds jo9$ ! ateli] ( ,p]ug9o4 ,he _h all ! qualities t %\ld be s\ght 9 a subord9ate1 & might h become indisp5sable to "o :o und]took l>ge commissions & requir$ an ord]ly sup]9t5d5t = 8 appr5tices4 ,x 0 natural t ,p]ug9o %\ld take him into p>tn]%ip & give him a ?ird ( 8 pr(its4 ,nor d ! ,sixt9e frescoes disc\nt5ance ! belief t ! two m5 /ood 9 ?is relation to ea* o!r 9 #adhd4 ,:5 ,p]ug9o left ,rome = ,flor5ce 9 #adhf1 ,p9turic*io rema9$ !re1 obta9$ commissions f ! great families ( ! ,della ,rov]e & ,cibo1 & f ! ,borgia ,pope ,alex&] ,,vi41 = :om he decorat$ ! fam\s ,app>tam5to ,borgia )9 ! ,vatican4 ,he ?us began to assume ! position ( an indep5d5t ma/]2 b if we trace 8 h& 7especially 9 ! *ildr5 & l&scape backgr\nds7 9 ! two ,si/9e wall pa9t+s :i* ,i h j m5tion$--?\gh work+ /ill "u ! eld] ma/]'s sup]vision & assi/ance--x is ,p]ug9o alone :o comes be=e u1 9 8 full /r5g?1 9 ! ,deliv]y to ,/4 ,pet] ( ! ,keys4 ,! subject1 x has be5 well said1 0 a simple incid5t1 b dem&$ f ! deep mean+ atta*$ to x z relat$ to ! hi/ory ( ! ,roman *ur* a c]ta9 gr&eur & solemnity ( treatm5t2 & "h at once we see ! full influ5ce ^u ,pietro ( 8 ,flor5t9e tra9+1 comb9$1 9 a v int]e/+ way1 ) ^? e>li] ,umbrian elem5ts :i* /ill rema9$ ) him z ! /ronge/ impulse1 & :i* he _h le>nt f 8 e>li] ,p]ugian ma/]1 or lat]1 n improbably1 f ! great ,pi]o della ,francesca4 ,no writ] ^u ,umbrian art c af=d to neglect its wond]ful l&scape backgr\nds1 (t5 poetic & fanta/ic1 z 9 ! art ( ,p9turic*io1 b always ) ?is s5se ( room9ess1 ( va/ness1 & spaci\sness1 :i* ,mr4 ,b]5son has v happily def9$ by ! phrase ( space-composition2 &1 writ+ ( ?is v fresco 9 an e>li] "w1 ,i comp>$ )9 ! ,si/9a ! cr[d$ frescoes & /ir ( movem5t ( ,botticelli or ,cosimo ,rosselli ) ^? wide spaces ( ,p]ug9o's ,grant+ ( ! ,keys1 :]e our eyes are c>ri$ onw>ds f ! c5tral gr\p f> away to ! di/ant temple ) its roomy porticoes4 ,b if ! backgr\nd ) its ,bramantesque temple & ! middle di/ance is /ill purely ,umbrian1 & seems to =e%ad[ ! ,sposalizio at ,ca51 or at ! ,br]a1 9 ^? noble figures gr\p$ ^u ! front plane ( ! composition--_m ( !m obvi\sly contempor>y portraits 7"o ( !m 9 a skullcap be+ sugge/$ z ! ma/] himself7--we may trace ! dom9ant influ5ce ( ! great ,flor5t9es1 ( ,masaccio )9 ! ,brancacci ,*apel ( ! ,c>m9e1 & ( ! noble fresco art ( ,dom5ico ,ghirl&ajo4 ,& ?us ,pietro ,p]ug9o comb9es )9 himself already ! two mo/ important curr5ts ( ! art ( ! ,italian ,r5aissance--t art ( ,flor5ce1 ) its intellectualism1 its ma/]ly draw+1 its s5se ( =m1 & t lovely devotional _s ( ,umbrian art1 develop$ & inh]it$ f ! e>li] ,si5ese4 ,he is at lea/ = u "h ! precursor--! =]unn]2 & :at 8 div9ely gift$ pupil1 ! "y ,raphael ( ,urb9o1 0 to complete he already =e%ad[s4 ,ano!r po9t :i* has n be5 br\ght out v fully by our ma/]'s critics is ! pr$om9ance ( fresco pa9t+ 9 8 e>li] "w4 ,! value ( fresco pa9t+ to ^! ,italian ma/]s z a tra9+ = eye & h& _c be too mu* insi/$ ^u4 ,x ne$$ bo? a sure eye & a quick h&1 = ! pa9t+ _h to be done at once :5 ! pla/] 0 ready to receive x2 & !re c be no d\bt t ,pietro's absolute ma/]y1 at ?is p]iod1 ( ?is difficult art _h prep>$ him = ! wond]ful s]ies ( alt>-pieces 9 ! temp]a & oil m$iums :i* we are n[ ab\t to /udy4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,iii4--,,! ,,deposition ,,f ,,! ,,cross 7,9 ! ,pitti ,palace1 ,flor5ce7 ,?is is ! fam\s pa9t+ ( ! dead ,*ri/ = ! nuns ( ,s4 ,*i>a1 ( :i* ,vas>i speaks ) su* en?usiasm1 & tells u ! nuns 7 (f]$ 7& refus$7 ?ree times ! contract price = ! picture4 ,x c]ta9ly is a ma/]piece ( ,italian devotional art4 ,x is fully sign$ & dat$--,petrus ,p]us9us ,p9xit ,a4 ,d4 ,,mcccclxxxxv4--& !re are /udies = x 9 ! ,uffizi collection ( draw+s & at ,*ri/ ,*ur*1 ,ox=d4 ,p]ug9o1 z we h notic$1 _h return$ to ,flor5ce 9 ! autumn ( #adhf1 :5 ! frescoes ( ! ,si/9e ,*apel 7 no d\bt complet$1 & soon aft] ?is 7#adhi7 receiv$ an invitation to visit ,orvieto--8 alt>-piece = ,s4 ,dom5ico at ,fiesole hav+ be5 complet$ 9 ! ye> previ\s4 ,! frescoes 9 ! ,capella di ,s4 ,brizio )9 ,orvieto ,ca!dral _h be5 left unf9i%$ ?r\gh ! dea? ( ,fra ,angelico1 & our ,p]ug9o1 z a ma/] ^: fame _h be5 spread ?r\gh\t ,italy1 0 n[ reque/$ to exam9e ! *apel & t5d] = ! completion ( its decoration4 ,he did s1 b 8 price 0 a high "o--#aejj ducats & all mat]ials to be f\nd him--& we %all trace lat] h[ ! negotiations1 protract$ = sev]al ye>s1 came ev5tually to no?+4 ,= ! mom5t ,flor5ce attract$ him1 = "h1 9 ,janu>y ( #adia1 "u ! presid5cy ( ,lor5zo de' ,m$ici1 call$ ! ,magnific5t1 ! =emo/ arti/s ( ! day 7 ga!r$ to consid] ! decoration ( ! faade ( ! ,flor5t9e ,duomo2 & "h ,p]ug9o 0 pres5t1 beside su* ma/]s z ,dom5ico ,ghirl&ajo1 ,cosimo ,rosselli1 ,&rea della ,robbia1 ,botticelli1 ,baldov9etti1 ,pollajuolo--a long li/ ( names n[ _w-fam$ 9 ! /ory ( art4 ,f ,flor5ce1 9 ,m>* ( ?is same ye>1 our ma/] made 8 way to ,p]ugia1 :]e he drew ! balance ( 8 pay = ! ,si/9e frescoes2 & !n1 prud5tly avoid+ ,orvieto1 w5t on s\? to ,rome1 :]e we h se5 t ,p9turic*io _h n[ e/abli%$ himself1 toge!r ) ! ,flor5t9e ,filipp9o ,lippi1 & _h f\nd _m commissions4 ,b ,p]ug9o soon f\nd a patron 9 ! ,c>d9al ,giuliano della ,rov]e1 lat] to become fam\s 9 hi/ory z ,pope ,julius ,,ii42 & ?is p[]ful prelate protect$ our arti/ f ! importunities ( ! ,orvietans1 :o 7 press+ him to fulfil 8 contract1 & ?reat5+1 if he delay$ long]1 to appo9t ano!r arti/ 9 8 place4 ,c>d9al ,giuliano1 ! imp]i\s patron lat] ( ,mi*elangelo1 took ! matt] ) a *>act]i/ically high h&4 ,we lab\r$ "u ! impression--?us he writes to ! ,c\ncil ( ,orvieto--t y 7 to be compliant1 z be/ suits ! love we h ev] borne to y\r community4 ,& s we n[ aga9 exhort & pray t y d res]ve ! place :i* is 8 due to ,mae/ro ,pietro1 & refra9 f mole/+ him4444 ,! fact 0 t ! great prelate want$ ,pietro = a "t = himself1 & to ?is "t 7#adia7 belongs ! lovely alt>-piece1 =m]ly 9 ! ,c>d9al's ,palace1 & n[ 9 ! ,villa ,albani at ,rome4 ,all our ma/]'s devotional feel+1 8 ref9em5t & beauty ( type1 8 weal? ( gold5 col\r1 is f\nd already 9 ?is wond]ful alt>-piece1 :i* is divid$ into six comp>tm5ts1 ! c5tral panel be+ occupi$ by ! ,nativity1 ) above ! ,crucifixion & ,annunciation1 & at ! sides ! figures ( f\r ador+ sa9ts4 ,! l&scape backgr\nd is "h ( extraord9>y beauty1 reflect+ ! quiet s]5ity ( ! kneel+ figures1 & on ! pill>s ( ! colonnade beh9d ! ,nativity ! ma/] has sign$ 8 "w-- ,,petrus ,,de ,,p]usia ,,p9xit #adia4 ,! ,albani alt>-piece _h always rank$ z "o ( ,p]ug9o's lovelie/ & mo/ typical creations1 wor?y to /& beside ! beautiful alt>-piece ( ! ,c]tosa ( ,pavia1 ( :i* ,engl& is n[ ! =tunate possessor 9 h] ,national ,gall]y2 b to ?is busy & f]tile p]iod 9 ! ma/]'s c>e] belong a numb] ( attractive & int]e/+ works1 :i* we mu/ n[ endeav\r 9 "s measure to classify & analyse4 ,i h already allud$ to ! alt>-piece ( ,s4 ,dom5ico at ,fiesole2 b ,pietro pa9t$ ano!r alt>-piece = ! same *ur* 9 #adic1 :i* is n[ 9 ! ,uffizi ,gall]y1 a ,virg9 ,en?ron$1 betwe5 ,sa9ts ,seba/ian & ,john ,bapti/1 dat$ & sign$1 z usual1 ,petrus ,p]us9us4 ,! ,crucifixion ( ,la ,calza 7,flor5ce71 %[+ v m>k$ly ! influ5ce ( ,luca ,signorelli1 may h probably prec$$ ?is2 b to ! same ye> ( #adic belongs ! beautiful ,piet 7,dead ,*ri/7 ( ! ,flor5ce ,accademia1 & ! wond]ful & mo/ impressive ,crucifixion ( ,s4 ,m>ia ,maddal5a de' ,pazzi 7,flor5ce7 0 commission$ by ,pietro ,pucci 9 #adic1 ?\gh x 0 n complet$ till ,april ( #adif4 ,unsurpass$ "h is ! ma/] 9 ! solemnity1 ! s5se ( alo(ness f e>?ly ?+s1 :i* he conveys to u 9 ^! six figures--! ,crucifi$1 ) z spectators ,8 "m1 ! belov$ disciple1 & kneel+ sa9ts1 se5 aga9/ ! wide /ret* ( su* an ,umbrian backgr\nd z we may see f ,p]ugia or ,cortona or ,assisi2 & next 9 importance to ?is ma/]piece ( religi\s art is ! fam\s ,piet ( ,s4 ,*i>a1 ( :i* ,vas>i speaks ) su* en?usiasm4 ,he work$ out = ! ladies ( ,santa ,*i>a a pa9t+ ( ! dead ,*ri/1 ) col\r+ s lovely & s fre% t by good craftsm5 x 0 held a ?+ m>vell\s & excell5t4 ,9 ?is "w c]ta9 v lovely heads ( old m5 are to be se51 & likewise c]ta9 ,m>ies :o1 ) weep+ faces1 reg>d ! dead man ) rev]5ce & wondr\s love2 & moreov] he made a l&scape :i* 0 !n highly e/eem$4 ,x is said t ,francesco del ,pugliese w\ld fa9 h giv5 to ! a=esaid nuns ?ree times z mu* money z !y _h paid to ,pietro1 & 9 addition (f]$ to give !m a simil> pa9t+ made by ! arti/'s own h&2 & !y w\ld n agree1 because ,pietro said t he c\ld nev] equal t orig9al4 ,?is noble creation ( religi\s art is n[ 9 ! ,pitti ,palace at ,flor5ce1 & fully be>s out ,vas>i's appreciative criticism3 9 composition1 9 beauty ( type 9 ! m\rn+ wom5 & m51 9 ! lax body ( ! dead ,savi\r1 9 ! exquisite l&scape ) its trees def9$ aga9/ ! f> sky1 our ma/] t\*es "h a v high level 9 religi\s art4 ,z usual ) works ( ?is importance he fully sign$ x1 on ! rock on :i* ! ,*ri/ is laid-- ,,petrus ,,p]us9us ,,p9xit ,a4,d4 ,,mcccclxxxxv2 & ! v c>eful /udies :i* he made = ! gr\ps 9 ?is picture may be se5 among ! draw+s ( ! ,uffizi collection4 ,:5 we consid] t ! magnific5tly virile portrait ( ,francesco delle ,op]e 7#adid71 n[ 9 ! ,tribuna ( ! ,uffizi1 belongs to ?is same p]iod1 z well z ! lovely ,madonna ) ,sa9ts ( ,s4 ,ago/9o at ,cremona 7#adid1 sign$ & dat$71 ! ,asc5sion ( ,*ri/1 pa9t$ = ,s4 ,pietro at ,p]ugia 7#adie1 n[ at ,lyons ,htel de ,ville71 & ! gr& alt>-piece ( ! ,vatican 7#adif71 :i* ,i %all describe m fully lat]1 we %all agree ) ! critics 7,cr[e & ,cavalcaselle71 :o describe ! ye> #adie z rem>kable 9 ! c>e] ( ,vannucci4 ,x 0 t 9 :i* an ,umbrian 444 successfully appli$ ! laws ( composition & add$ a calm t5d]ness to ! gravity ( ! ,flor5t9e s*ool2 & ?r\gh 8 influ5ce on ,fra ,b>tolommeo & ,raphael replac$1 z f> z x 0 possible1 ! pi\s my/icism t _h p]i%$ ) ,angelico4 ,! ma/]'s influ5ce on ,fra ,b>tolommeo may be cle>ly trac$ 9 ! ,piet ( ,s4 ,*i>a1 ! =]unn] ( ! ,frate's own noble "w2 & x 0 n f> f ?is v "t 7#adie7 t ! "y ,rafaelle ,sanzio mu/ h ent]$ 8 ,p]ugian work%op4 ,,ii ,we h n[ trac$ ! art ( ,pietro ,vannucci f its fir/ beg9n+s 9 ! work%op ( "s unkn[n tea*] at ,p]ugia to ! "t :5 he 0 "o ( ! accept$ ma/]s ( ,italian art1 z mu* at home 9 ,flor5ce--t gl[+ c5tre ( arti/ic impulse & creation--z 9 8 own ,p]ugia1 or 9 ! ,rome ( ! ,r5aissance ,popes4 ,"h1 !n1 be=e we proce$ fur!r ) ! /ory ( 8 art1 :i* is practically ! /ory ( 8 busy life1 !re are "s po9ts on :i* we %all n wa/e "t 9 l+]+4 ,we saw h[ ,p]ug9o1 l ,giotto himself & almo/ e great ma/] ( ,italian pa9t+1 _h p]fect$ 8 k & tra9$ 8 eye & h& 9 ! practice ( fresco-pa9t+2 & we h next to notice t he obta9$ fame among 8 contempor>ies1 z well z patronage1 f 8 k & use ( ! new oil m$ium4 ,vas>i on ?is po9t is mo/ explicit3 ,c]ta9ly col\r+ 0 a matt] :i* ,pietro ?or\ghly und]/ood1 & ?is bo? 9 fresco z well z 9 oil 444 & aga9 he m5tions c]ta9 pictures specially z be+ pa9t$ 9 oil4 ,( c\rse "o _c set up ev5 su* direct evid5ce f ,vas>i z conclusive1 = we "k !re are _m slips 9 8 invaluable *ronicle2 & ?is v po9t ( ! ma/]'s m$ium = 8 panel pictures has be5 que/ion$ by mod]n critics4 ,dr4 ,g4 ,c4 ,williamson 9 8 excell5t monograph on ,p]ug9o ref]s to ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,horne--a critic ^: op9ion on ,italian art c>ries great weight--z say+ t all ,p]ug9o's pictures 7 pa9t$ 9 temp]a on a gesso backgr\nd1 & sugge/s at lea/ t an entirely diff]5t te*nique c be trac$ 9 ! ,albani alt>-piece & t ( ! ,c]tosa4 ,cr[e & ,cavalcaselle1 9 _! notice ( ,p]ug9o1 h analys$ v c>efully 8 te*nique1 & %[n h[ 8 fle% t9ts 7 work$ up f a w>m br[n und]tone1 ?r\gh a succession ( glazes1 ea* light] 9 col\r & full] 9 body ?an ! la/1 receiv+ light f )\t & transp>5cy f )91 till ! highe/ light 0 rea*$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,iv4--,,/4 ,,m>y ,,magdal5 7,9 ! ,pitti ,palace1 ,flor5ce7 ,a v lovely figure idealis$ 9 type1 & recall+1 ?\gh y\ng]1 ! ,virg9 ( ! great ,crucifixion 9 ,s4 ,m>ia ,maddal5a dei ,pazzi at ,flor5ce4 ,across ! bosom1 embroid]$1 runs ! leg5d ,s4 ,m>ia ,maddal5a4 ,9 ?is analysis ! au?ors h obvi\sly & entirely ! oil m$ium 9 view2 b !re is ano!r view :i*1 z x seems to me1 may ?r[ light ^u ! "q4 ,exp]im5ts h1 z ,i und]/&1 be5 made 9 late ye>s 9 ,g]many to comb9e ! use ( temp]a ) t ( oil-pa9t+--! object be+ to comb9e ! brilliancy & ri*ness ( oil ) ! la/+ col\r ( temp]a1 9 :i* yolk ( egg 0 us$ ) ! pure col\rs--& ,i believe t c]ta9 results h be5 atta9$4 ,n[ ?is 0 j ! position ( pa9t+ 9 ,p]ug9o's day1 :5 ^u ! old temp]a panels ( ! ,giottesques & _! successors ! oil te*nique ( ! ,van ,eycks 0 ass]t+ its advantages2 & ,i w\ld sugge/ t our ma/] 9 ?is p]iod ( transition us$ bo? m$iums1 & p]haps sometimes 9 ! same picture may h pass$ f "o to ! o!r4 ,"h1 too1 8 connection ) ! ,gesuati may h aid$ him mat]ially1 = ,vas>i tells u expressly h[ ^! fri>s1 = :om he work$ v frequ5tly1 7 practis$ 9 ! art ( col\rs z well z enamel & glass-pa9t+1 & x 0 p]haps f !m t he _h le>n$ ! secret :i* makes 8 alt>-pieces /ill s transp>5t & s pure 9 col\r4 ,ano!r po9t :i* we _c fail to notice at ?is p]iod ( ,pietro's life is 8 imm5se activity1 8 c>eful bus9ess relations 9 contracts = 8 "w1 & 8 cont9ual indu/ry4 ,he is s con/antly on ! move t we beg9 to wond] h[ he f\nd "t = 8 pa9t+s3 he is s cont9ually productive t we wond] no less t he f\nd x possible to travel4 ,8 w&]+s might be normal 9 ^! days ( ,pullman-c>s & express tra9s1 b 9 an age :5 any j\rney 0 a matt] ( difficulty & (t5 p]sonal dang] !y seem almo/ ph5om5al4 ,f ,orvieto 7#adij7 he goes to ,flor5ce1 f ,flor5ce to ,p]ugia1 & !nce to ,rome2 9 #adic he is m>ri$ at ,fiesole to ,*i>a ,fancelli2 9 #adid he is at ,v5ice1 & probably at ,cremona1 pa9t+ !re 8 alt>-piece at ,s4 ,ago/9o2 !n back aga9 to ,flor5ce1 at ,p]ugia 9 ,m>* ( #adif1 mak+ 8 contract = ! fam\s ,vatican ,madonna1 & at ,pavia 9 ,octob] ( ! same ye>1 work+ at 8 no less fam\s alt>-piece ( ! ,c]tosa4 ,9 all ^! visits he 0 ei!r arrang+ = fre% "w or leav+ "s lovely alt>-piece z a memorial ( 8 pres5ce2 & next we %all notice t ! two real po9ts ( attraction 9 all ?is busy life are ,p]ugia1 8 native city1 if n actually 8 bir?place1 & ,flor5ce4 ,rome1 ?\gh he sp5t "s "t !re1 & complet$ mu* important "w1 nev]1 ,i ?9k1 _h ! same hold ^u him2 b betwe5 ,flor5ce & ,p]ugia he (t5 seems to hesitate4 ,& ?is is really important1 because ! two t5d5cies1 ! ,umbrian & ! ,flor5t9e1 are always pres5t 9 8 art4 ,he _h complet$1 z we saw1 8 tra9+ 9 ! city ( ,arno1 _h m>ri$ lat] 7#adic7 a beautiful ,flor5t9e girl1 ! daught] ( ,luca ,fancelli1 :o br\ght ) h] a d[ry ( #ejj gold5 flor9s1 & on 8 return f ,p]ugia 9 #adif _h inve/$ "p ( ! money he _h receiv$ = 8 alt>-piece ( ! ,magi/rates' ,*apel 9 l& at ,flor5ce4 ,9 fact1 dur+ ! :ole ( ^! ye>s1 aft] 8 return f ,rome at ! "t ( ,alex&] ,borgia's accession 7#adib7 to ne>ly #aejj1 ,i take our ma/]'s real c5tre ( activity z be+ ,flor5ce2 !re he _h 8 work%op1 pa9t$ panels = di/ant cu/om]s1 und]took frescoes = ! ,flor5t9e conv5ts1 & return$ aft] 8 bus9ess visits to o!r p>ts ( ,italy4 ,! ye> #adii m>ks a *ange 9 all ?is1 = ?is 0 ! ye> 9 :i* ! ma/] def9itely ?rew ov] ! (f] ( ! ,orvietans to decorate _! ,capella di ,s4 ,brizio 9 ,orvieto ,duomo1 & accept$ 8 great commission f ! ,p]ugian guild ( bank]s to adorn ) fresco pa9t+s _! audi5ce-hall--! ,sala del ,cambio4 ,?is great commission necessitat$ a long /ay at ,p]ugia1 & !re=e ! ma/] broke up 8 ,flor5t9e work%op1 or bottega4 ,b ,flor5ce _h evid5tly a v deep hold on 8 affections1 = we f9d t 9 #aejd he gave up 8 ,p]ugian e/abli%m5t = ! purpose ( return+ to ,flor5ce1 & on arriv+ !re took a lodg+ 9 ! ,p9ti suburb4 ,at ,flor5ce ,p]ug9o 0 ju/ly e/eem$ z "o ( ! great ma/]-craftsm5 ( ! city1 & z su* 0 inv>iably consult$--z 9 ! great meet+ held 7,janu>y ( #adia7 to consid] ! new faade ( ,s4 ,m>ia del ,fiore2 or aga9 :5 79 ,janu>y ( #adig7 he 0 invit$ ) ,b5ozzo ,gozzoli1 ,cosimo ,rosselli1 & ,filipp9o ,lippi to value ! frescoes ( ,alessio ,baldov9etti 9 ,s4 ,tr9it ( ,flor5ce2 or yet aga9 :5 7,june ( #adih71 aft] ! de/ruction ( ! lant]n ( ,s4 ,m>ia del ,fiore by lightn+1 he t5d]$ 8 advice along ) ,filipp9o & ,lor5zo di ,cr$i4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,v4--,,virg9 ,,) ,,little ,,/4 ,,john ,,ador+ ,,! ,,infant ,,*ri/ 7,9 ! ,pitti ,palace1 ,flor5ce7 ,! c5tre ( ! pa9t+ is fill$ by ! figure ( ! ,virg91 :o1 on h] knees ) h&s clasp$1 adores ! little ,jesus1 se5 seat$ ^u a sack1 support$ by an angel4 ,he is balanc$ on ! o!r side by ! kneel+ baby ,/4 ,john4 ,! ,umbrian l&scape is ( great beauty4 ,b :ile ,pietro _h be5 busi$ at ,p]ugia1 9 ^? ye>s ( abs5ce 7#adii-aejd7 a new _s1 ( dmonic p[]1 _h come to fasc9ate ! ,flor5t9es1 & give !m a new conception ( ! art ( ! human =m2 &1 9 fact1 h>dly _h our ma/] rea*$ ,flor5ce & secur$ 8 lodg+ ?an he 0 invit$ to give 8 v]dict z to ! be/ site = ,mi*elangelo's gigantic m>ble ,david4 ,feel+ ran high 9 ! city bo? z to ! site & ! "w itself4 ,z to ! =m]1 ! ,loggia de' ,signori 0 sugge/$1 b ,mi*elangelo himself pref]r$ ! left-h& side ( ! doorway ( ! ,palazzo ,vec*io1 & 8 wi% 0 respect$4 ,yet ! feel+ aga9/ ?is figure among "s ( ! citiz5s 0 su* t1 :5 x 0 expos$1 x became a m>k = missiles1 & ! wat*m5 set to gu>d x 7 assault$4 ,we may imag9e t !re 7 frequ5t ga!r+s & _m heat$ discussions among ! arti/ic confrat]nity1 :o 7 wont to meet 9 ! %op ( ,baccio d',agnolo2 & x may h be5 9 "o ( ^! discussions t ,mi*elangelo decl>$ to ,p]ug9o t 8 art 0 absurd & antiquat$4 ,g(fo nell' arte--a bungl] 9 8 art--t is ! precise phrase quot$ by ,vas>i1 & :i* s rankl$ 9 ! brea/ ( ! eld] man t1 ,pietro be+ unable to support su* an insult1 !y bo? c>ri$ _! pla9t be=e ! magi/racy ( ! ,eight2 9 ! :i* affair ,pietro rema9$ ) b little cr$it4 ,x w\ld h be5 bett]1 we feel1 & m dignifi$1 to h pass$ ov] ! slight+ ^w ) ! contempt :i* x des]v$4 ,! ma/] ( ! ,si/9e fresco :i* we h describ$1 ( ! ,albani alt>-piece & its y\ng] si/] ( ! ,c]tosa1 ( ! alt>-piece ( ! ,magi/rates' ,*apel at ,p]ugia1 & ! sup]b frescoes ( ! ,cambio1 /ood f> above su* criticism 9 8 own or any lat] age2 & ?is appreciation ( ! ,p]ugian's "w 9 art does n imply any depreciation ( ,buon>roti's g5ius1 ( :i*1 9 its own sublime & individual pa?1 ! pres5t writ] is an en?usia/ic admir]4 ,b ,pietro 0 a /rong-temp]$ & rev5geful man1 z is %[n by ! e>li] records ( ,flor5t9e ju/ice1 :5 he _h appe>$ 79 ,july ( #adhg7 be=e ! ,eight--! ,otto di ,cu/odia--= hav+1 ) a notori\s ruffian1 "o ,auli/a di ,angelo ( ,p]ugia1 waylaid a private enemy m ?an once ) ! int5tion ( beat+ him--pluries et pluries nocturno tempore access]unt armati quibusdam ba/onibus4 ,on t occasion he _h escap$ ) a f9e ( t5 flor9s ( gold2 & ?is lat] appe>ance does n seem1 9 its issue1 to h be5 to ! ma/]'s cr$it4 ,!re 01 besides ?is1 mu* ( tru? 9 ,buon>roti's criticism--a tru? :i* add$ to ! /+--t by ?is "t ,pietro's art _h already begun to %[ old motives c>elessly repeat$4 ,pietro1 says our ,vas>i1 _h work$ s mu*1 & _h always su* abundance ( "w 9 h&1 t he (t5 put ! same ?+s into 8 works2 & _h s r$uc$ 8 art to a sy/em t he gave to all 8 figures ! same appe>ance4 ,if ?is t5d5cy appe>s ev5 9 8 "w be=e #aejj1 x becomes mu* m app>5t lat] on2 b to dwell on ?is po9t "h w\ld c>ry me too f>1 & = ! pres5t we are conc]n$ ) ! ma/] 9 8 full /r5g? at ! date j m5tion$4 ,= ! ye> #aejj dates ! completion ( ! ,cambio frescoes1 & may be tak5 r\ghly z ! great c5tral date 9 ,pietro's art4 ,be=e describ+ 9 detail ^? frescoes1 let u consid] :at o!r commissions _h prec$$ t ( ! ,p]ugian bank]s4 ,=emo/ among ^! mu/ come ! great alt>-piece ( ! ,c]tosa ( ,pavia1 to :i* ,i h frequ5tly allud$4 ,x _h be5 commission$ by ,duke ,lodovico ,s=za ( ,milan soon aft] ! arti/ left ,v5ice--! great ,c]tosa mona/]y be+ always "u ! p]sonal patronage ( ! ,dukes ( ,milan4 ,pietro seems to h be5 work+ at x already 9 #adif1 & x 0 complet$1 on ! ,duke's press+ in/ance1 by ! end ( #adii4 ,x has only rema9$ p>tially 9 its orig9al place--9 ! second *apel on ! left ( ! great ,c>?usian *ur*4 ,! upp] c5tral pa9t+--t ( ! ,et]nal ,fa!r--is /ill by ,p]ug9o1 ! ?ree l[] panels are copies f ! orig9als1 n[ 9 ! ,national ,gall]y ( ,london1 & ! panels at ! side are by ,borgognone4 ,no?+ t ! ma/] ( ,p]ugia has left u exce$s 9 tranquil beauty ^! c5tral panels ( ! ,london ,national ,gall]y4 ,ors9i tells u t f #agie ! ,c]tosa pa9t+ ) its six panels _h pass$ into ! possession ( ! ducal family ( ,melzi at ,milan2 b ?is is n q correct1 = we h se5 t ! panel ( ! ,et]nal ,fa!r is /ill 9 place4 ,9 #ahef ,duke ,melzi p>t$ ) 8 ?ree panels to ! ,london ,gall]y4 ,9 ! c5tre panel ! sweet1 p5sive ,virg9 is ador+ ! *ild ,jesus1 :o is wat*$ ov] by an angel1 z 9 ,leon>do's fam\s ,madonna ( ! ,rocks1 :ile ?ree angels make music 9 ! sky above2 on ! "r ( ?is is ! ,ar*angel ,raphael ) ! "y ,tobias2 on ! left ! lovely figure ( ! ,ar*angel ,mi*ael1 fully arm$1 ) legs ap>t set firmly on ! gr\nd1 & left h& re/+ on 8 %ield--a figure :i* ! ma/] repeat$ m ?an once1 notably 9 ! great ,assumption ( ! ,virg9 9 ! ,flor5ce ,academy4 ,p]ug9o 0 m>ri$ at ?is "t to ! beautiful ,*i>a ,fancelli1 & !re is little d\bt t %e appe>s 9 m ?an "o ( 8 pictures2 9 p>ticul>1 %e is said to h pos$ = ! ,ar*angel ,raphael ( ?is ,c]tosa alt>-piece4 ,next to ! beauty ( type 9 ?is & o!r figures1 we h to notice ! pure ri* col\r+ & ! extraord9>y beauty1 9 ! c5tral panel1 ( ! l&scape backgr\nd4 ,all ! ,umbrian s5se ( space is !re1 9 ?is valley ) its w9d+ /ream & blue di/ances1 :ile 9 ! middle di/ance ! delicately drawn trees are mirror$ aga9/ ! cle> sky4 ,x is a picture "o w\ld love to live )1 &1 )\t possess+ ! rapt devotion1 ! deep inn] _s1 :i* p]vades ! pa9t+s ( ,angelico1 its atmosph]e is calm1 re/ful1 & 9 t s5se pray]ful4 ,a :ole gr\p ( o!r pa9t+s1 attractive & int]e/+1 ?\gh ( less] int]e/1 belongs to ?is spl5didly f]tile p]iod ( ,pietro's g5ius4 ,! ,fano alt>-piece--a ,virg9 & ,*ild ) ,sa9ts--dates f a visit 9 #adig1 & an ,annunciation foll[$ 9 ! next ye>1 :ile at ,s9igaglia & ,cantiano !re are v simil> works4 ,bo? ! ,fano pictures1 :i* ,i h n se51 h be5 c>efully describ$ by ,dr4 ,williamson 9 8 monograph on ?is arti/4 ,! ,madonna ,cr[n$1 ) ! ,*ild on h] knee & a gr\p ( kneel+ p5it5ts beh9d1 n[ 9 ! ,p]ugian ,gall]y1 0 pa9t$ = ! confrat]nity ( ,san ,pietro ,m>tire 9 #adig2 & !re is 9 ! same gall]y a some:at simil> "w1 pa9t$ = ano!r confrat]nity1 ) two sa9ts 7"o ( :om is ,/4 ,b]n>d9o7 kneel+ 9 ! =egr\nd1 & 9 ! di/ance ,p]ugia1 ) ! yet unt\*$ t[]s ( ! ,baglioni4 ,to ! same p]iod h be5 attribut$ ! ,family ( ,/4 ,anne1 at ,m>seilles1 & ! ,virg9 9 ,glory1 ( ! ,bologna ,gall]y1 ) its arm$ ,/4 ,mi*ael & its lovely female figure ( ,/4 ,apollonia2 & n[ we come to a creation :i*1 9 its f9e draw+ & composition & its atmosph]e ( tranquil beauty1 takes a place beside ! ,c]tosa alt>-piece or t ( ! ,p]ugian ,magi/rates' ,*apel4 ,i ref] to ! ,virg9 appe>+ to ,/4 ,b]n>d1 n[ 9 ! ,muni* ,gall]y4 ,! !me 0 a fav\rite "o at ?is p]iod ( ,italian art1 = x has be5 treat$ ) great beauty by ,filipp9o ,lippi 9 8 pa9t+ 9 ! ,badia at ,flor5ce4 ,! ,muni* picture 0 de/9$ by our ma/] = ,s4 ,spirito at ,flor5ce1 & 0 acquir$ 79 #ahbi7 by ,k+ ,ludwig ( ,bav>ia f ! ,capponi family1 :o held ! rights ov] ! *apel :]e x hung4 ,z 9 ,filipp9o's r5d]+1 ! mona/ic sa9t is seat$ 9 /udy or adoration1 & looks up1 ) a />tl$ ge/ure1 to see ! ,virg9 ent] ) a tra9 ( lovely angels2 b :at ,filipp9o fails to equal--ev5 ) 8 delici\s angels1 :o might be tak5 f ,flor5t9e ur*9s--is ! s5se ( tranquil beauty :i* comes to u 9 ^! figures ( ! ,p]ugian ma/]1 & is cont9u$ 9 t wond]ful sweep ( di/ant l&scape se5 ?r\gh ! op5 colonnade4 ,a /udy = ?is f9e pa9t+ is among ! draw+s 9 ! ,uffizi ,gall]y4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,vi4--,,francesco ,,delle ,,op]e 7,9 ! ,uffizi ,gall]y1 ,flor5ce7 ,an int]e/+ portrait1 once ?\ght a self-portrait ( ! ma/]1 b n[ consid]$ to be ( ,francesco delle ,op]e4 ,a p[]ful face1 small d>k eyes1 a well-cut nose1 & ?ick bull-neck4 ,we see t ,p]ug9o 0 a f9e portraiti/ ( m51 bo? 9 ?is & 8 g5u9e self-portrait 79 ! ,sala del ,cambio7 & ! two ,vallombrosan monks 9 ! ,flor5ce ,academy4 ,on ! back ( ?is picture is inscrib$3 #adid ,d',luglio ,pietro ,p]ug9o ,p9se ,franco del ,ope 7i4e4 delle ,op]e74 ,i h already _h occasion to m5tion ! great ,crucifixion ( ,s4 ,m>ia ,maddal5a de' ,pazzi 7complet$ #adif71 & a v simil> treatm5t ( ?is subject appe>s 9 a lat] ,crucifixion pa9t$ = ! ,conv5t ( ,s4 ,j]ome 9 ,flor5ce1 & n[ 9 ! ,accademia ( t city4 ,"h1 9 ! ?ree figures introduc$1 ! ,*ri/ & ! ,virg9 "m are almo/ reproduc$ f ^? 9 ! l>g] fresco ( ,s4 ,m>ia ,maddal5a1 b are co>s] & m c>eless 9 ! pa9t+4 ,! city "h 9 ! di/ance has be5 trac$ to be ,flor5ce1 & ! date sugge/$ is ab\t #adih4 ,clos] yet to ?is c5tral date ( ! ,p]ugian ma/]'s "w is ! great ,vallombrosa ,assumption 7dat$ #aejj72 b ?is v probably succe$$ imm$iately 9 ord] ( "t to ! ,sala del ,cambio frescoes1 & !re=e ,i leave x = ! mom5t to speak ( ! e>li]1 b mo/ important1 commission ( ! alt>-piece ( ! ,magi/rates' ,*apel at ,p]ugia4 ,a pa9t+ to decorate ?is *apel1 & :i* 0 to include ! portraits ( ! ,priori1 ! gov]n+ body !n 9 (fice1 _h be5 commission$ f ,pietro z e>ly z #adhc1 & ! contract actually sign$2 b ! ma/] _h m important "w on h&--notably 8 frescoes = ! *apel ( ,pope ,sixtus--& x 0 n till twelve ye>s lat]1 9 #adie1 t1 be+ aga9 9 ,p]ugia & at ! summit ( 8 fame1 he 0 successfully captur$ by ! magi/rates ( t city1 & sign$ a fre% contract on f> high] t]ms 7"o hundr$ gold5 ducats1 b ) a "t limit ( six mon?s = ! "w7 to pa9t ! alt>-piece ( _! *apel4 ,! result 0 ! ma/]piece :i* n[ hangs 9 ! ,vatican ,gall]y1 & %[s u ! ,virg9 en?ron$ ) ! ,*ild /&+ upright on h] knee1 b5ea? su* an op5 portico z appe>s 9 ! ,vision ( ,/4 ,b]n>d1 & ) beside h] f\r grave att5dant sa9ts1 z rob$ & mitr$ bi%ops4 ,"h ! ma/] v>ies a little 8 frequ5t signature--= ,petrus de ,*a/ro ,plebis p9xit gives z 8 bir?place ! little ,umbrian city ( ,citt della ,pieve4 ,! great alt>-piece1 :i* possesses all ! devotional beauty & repose ( 8 be/ p]iod1 0 ?is "t complet$ )9 ! "t agre$1 & took its hon\r$ place )9 ! ,magi/rates' ,*apel at ,p]ugia1 :5ce x 0 torn away by ! invad+ ,fr5* 9 #agig1 & f\nd its way back1 n to ,p]ugia1 b to ! ,vatican collection at ,rome4 ,p]ugia1 especially 9 ! p]son ( h] greate/ ma/]1 ,pietro ,vannucci1 suff]$ t]ribly at ! h&s ( ,napoleon2 & "h ,i mu/ express my appreciation ( ! able description giv5 by my fri5d ,dr4 ,g4 ,c4 ,williamson ( :at he v aptly calls ! /ory ( ! pillage4 ,p]ugia 9 #agif 0 v ri* 9 ! works ( h] ma/]1 ,pietro ,p]ug9o4 ,almo/ e *ur* possess$ pictures by ! ma/]4 ,! alt>-piece pa9t$ 9 #adie = ! ,magi/rates' ,*apel 0 /ill 9 situ1 & public build+s 7 full ( ri* decoration4 ,b ,napoleon1 a man ^: life 0 /eep$ 9 battle & human blood%$1 seems by a /range contra/ to h _h a p>ticul> fancy = ! quiet devotional art ( ! ,umbrian ma/]4 ,8 commission]1 "o ,t9et by "n1 _h ord]s to ransack ,p]ugia1 & six c>tloads ( h] treasur$ pa9t+s1 drawn by ox51 left ! city = ,p>is4 ,"o alt>-piece1 t ( ! ,magi/rates' ,*apel1 0 ne>ly =gott51 b rememb]$ at ! la/ mom5t1 & includ$4 ,b ev5 s1 ! t]rible conqu]or :o held ,italy b5ea? 8 feet 0 n cont5t$1 & a fre% decree1 ( #ahaa1 ord]$ m pictures to be s5t = 8 ,p>is collection4 ,a c]ta9 ,t(anelli 0 n[ ! ag5t = fur!r spoliation1 & by dilig5t se>* =ty-eight m pictures 7 squeez$ out ( unlucky ,p]ugia1 & 9 ,novemb] ( #ahac =w>d$1 vi ,rome1 to ,p>is4 ,napoleon _h n[ m works ( ,p]ug9o ?an he c\ld f9d place = 9 8 gall]y ( ! ,l\vre1 & gave _m ( !m away to ! prov9cial museums ( ,france2 & ?us x happ5s t ! works ( our ma/] are di/ribut$1 9 fragm5t>y condition 9 panels f 8 fam\s alt>-pieces1 among ! ,fr5* prov9cial cities--su* t[ns z ,bordeaux1 ,m>seilles1 ,lyons1 ,gr5oble1 ,nantes1 ,r\51 & ,ca51 :]e !y are practically inaccessible to ! av]age /ud5t--:ile only a small portion ( ! once ri* collection ( 8 works rema9s )9 ! ,p]ugian ,p9acoteca4 ,b =tunately 8 ma/]piece 9 fresco pa9t+ )9 ! ,sala del ,cambio c\ld n be s easily torn f ! walls4 ,i h already allud$ to ! acceptance by ! ma/] 9 #adii ( ?is commission1 = :i* he _h refus$ ! decoration ( ,orvieto ,duomo4 ,! actual space (f]$ him to decorate by ! ,p]ugian bank]s 9 _! ,sala del ,cambio 0 n v great1 b ! result 0 a ?+ ( p]fect beauty--a little gem 7,i call$ x 9 my notes writt5 at ,p]ugia1 & publi%$ "s ye>s ago7 ( decorative ,r5aissance art4 ,x is a small room1 panell$ ) ! lovelie/ t>sia "w 7?is too f ,vannucci's design71 & above ^! panels ! ma/]'s frescoes4 ,! ',nativity' & ',transfiguration' at ! end ( ! room are among 8 f9e/1 ripe/ works1 & on ea* side are ! ,prophets & ,sibyls1 or h]oes1 k+s1 & sages ( antiquity--,leonidas ! ,sp>tan1 ,trajan ! wise ,roman emp]or1 ,fabius ',cunctator1' ,socrates1 ,horatius1 :o kept ! bridge1 & ! ,roman ,camillus4 ,x is mo/ probable t ! :ole s*eme ( decoration1 & ( ^! classic sages & h]oes 9 p>ticul>1 ) _! guid+ virtues above1 0 suppli$ to ! arti/ by ! humani/ ,maturanzio1 ,secret>y to ! ,priori ( ,p]ugia1 & act+ "u _! ord]s2 :ile ,maturanzio himself may h drawn 8 inspiration f a ,,ms4 ,cic]o 9 ! ,p]ugian ,libr>y1 9 ^: m9iatures ! f\r c>d9al virtues appe> beside ! h]oes :o display$ !m 9 _! lives4 ,su* a dictation 0 q 9 ! traditions ( ! be/ ,italian art4 ,i h %[n 9 an e>li] "w--,! ,r5aissance 9 ,italian ,art--h[ ?is 0 probably ! case 9 ! fam\s frescoes ( ! ,spani% *apel at ,flor5ce1 :]e ,rusk9 _h pictur$ ! arti/ himself z giv+ 8 message ( religi\s dogmatic tea*+ to ! _w2 & lat] we %all see h[ ! ,m>*ioness ( ,mantua1 ,isabella d',e/e1 ties d[n our ,pietro mo/ m]cilessly 9 ! allegorical pa9t+ :i* %e commissions4 ,b "h1 9 ! r5d]+ at lea/1 ,p]ug9o is entirely himself1 & all ^! figures1 :e!r h]oes ( hea!ndom or sages or prophets--,isaiah1 ,moses1 ,david1 & ,daniel--or virtues or lovely sibyls1 are pa9t$ 9 "o key ( tranquil1 devotional beauty4 ,oblig$1 says ,add+ton ,symonds1 to treat 9 ! ,sala del ,cambio ! repres5tative h]oes ( ,greek & ,roman /ory1 he adopt$ ! mann] ( 8 religi\s pa9t+s4 ,leonidas1 ! lion-he>t$ ,sp>tan1 & ,cato1 ! au/]e ,roman1 b5d _! mild heads l fl[]s 9 ,p]ug9o's frescoes1 & ga!r up _! drap]y 9 /udi$ folds ) cele/ial delicacy4 ,9 ! ceil+1 :i*1 if n pa9t$ by himself1 is und\bt$ly f 8 design1 he _h p]haps a fre] h& 9 ! arrangem5t1 & has creat$ a v lovely piece ( decoration4 ,"h ! deities ( ! old hea!n _w appe> z imag$ 9 t delici\s s5tim5t ( ! e>li] ,r5aissance4 ,v5us is waft$ ?r\gh ! sky1 drawn by two doves2 ,luna1 nude to ! wai/1 sits 9 a *>iot ) h] nymphs 9 h>ness2 ,m]cury holds 8 caduceus1 ! s]p5t w&2 ,apollo drives 8 f\r-hors$ *>iot2 &--lovelie/ gr\p ( all--,jupit] receives ! cup ( nect> f "y ,ganym$e1 su* a cup-be>] 7,i wrote 9 my ,p]ugian notes7 z ! tyrants ( ! ,visconti or ! ,baglioni may h _h--a slim "y page ) long float+ curls1 8 limbs clad 9 tight r$ hose1 & long ribbons tw9+ ar\nd him1 z on b5t knee he (f]s ! cup to 8 ma/]4 ,8 fell[-citiz5s wi%$ ! ma/] to include 8 own portrait 9 ! frescoes ( _! ,cambio1 & "h x is1 = u1 a squ>e1 solid-look+ face ( middle life1 ^: hair escapes f ! tight r$ cap--a face n p]haps attractive1 b ( intellectuality & p[]1 & ) great det]m9ation 9 ! l9es ( m\? & *94 ,! ,lat9 l9es ( complim5t b5ea? are probably due to ! s*ol>ly p5 ( ,maturanzio1 & on ! o!r side ! words ,anno ,salut4 ,,md give ! date ( ! "w's completion--! c5tral date1 z we may fairly take x1 ( ,p]ug9o's g5ius1 & 8 life-"w 9 art4 ,x is ! mom5t :5 he climbs ! hill-top--?is fateful ye> t divides ! c5tury--& /&s ^u ! highe/ gr\nd2 h5ce=? = him too1 z = 8 c\ntry1 ! sl[ ye>s m>k ! foot/eps ( decl9e4 ,,iii ,rafaelle ,sanzio ( ,urb9o _h lo/ 8 "m1 ,magia ,ci>la1 9 #adia1 & 8 fa!r1 ,giovanni ,santi1 ?ree ye>s lat]4 ,x 0 n long aft] ?is t he 0 plac$ by 8 relatives = in/ruction 9 ,p]ug9o's fam\s work%op at ,p]ugia1 & we may safely assume t he 0 !re dur+ "p ( ! ma/]'s ri*ly creative p]iod :i* we h j trav]s$1 & t 8 h& 0 busi$1 along ) ^? ( o!r pupils1 9 ! pa9t+s ( ! frescoes ( ! ,sala del ,cambio4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,vii4--,,! ,,dead ,,*ri/ 7,9 ! ,academy ( ,f9e ,arts1 ,flor5ce7 ,vas>i m5tions at "s l5g? ,pietro's "w = ! ,conv5t ( ! ,gesuati1 & 9 do+ s describes ?is picture3 ,a ,piet--t is to say1 ,*ri/ 9 ! lap ( ,our ,lady ) f\r figures ar\nd--z good z any pa9t$ 9 8 mann]4 ,! conv5t seems to h suff]$ mu* f its position )\t ! ,porta a ,p9ti 9 ! siege ( ,flor5ce1 & bo? ?is pa9t+ & ! ,*ri/ 9 ! ,g>d5 ev5tually f\nd _! way to ! ,academy4 ,pietro 0 a good fri5d ( ! ,gesuati monks1 & 0 a good deal at "o "t at ! conv5t4 ,date ( ?is "w1 ab\t #adic4 ,among ^! pupils ,vas>i m5tions1 beside ,rafaelle1 ! ,flor5t9es--,rocco ,zoppo1 ,baccio1 & ,francesco ,ub]t9o 7! latt] be/ kn[n by 8 surname ( ,bac*iacca71 ,giovanni di ,pietro 7call$ ,lo ,spagna71 ,&rea di ,luigi 7call$ ,l',+egno71 ,eusebio di ,san ,giorgio1 ,b5$etto ,caporali1 & o!rs4 ,we h already not$ ,b]n>d9o di ,betto1 call$ ,p9turic*io1 z 8 assi/ant1 & lat] z a sort ( p>tn] & sup]9t5d5t ( ^! "y appr5tices2 & !re seems little d\bt t1 aft] ! completion ( ! ,cambio frescoes & ,p]ug9o's subsequ5t return to ,flor5ce1 ,p9turic*io took "y ,rafaelle ) him to ,si5a1 z an assi/ant 9 8 great commission !re 7#aejb7 to decorate ! libr>y ( ,c>d9al ,piccolom9i4 ,9 ,p]ug9o ! brilliant b mo/ assimilative "y /ud5t f\nd j ! ma/] he ne$$4 ,he w\ld h be5 cru%$ "u ! ma/]ful =ce1 ! rel5tless nudities1 ( su* a ma/] z ,luca ,signorelli1 :]eas 9 ,pietro's devotional art1 ) its accurate tra9+ 9 draw+1 col\r1 & p]spective1 8 sunny nature f\nd room to exp&1 & 8 fir/ visit to ,flor5ce 7#aejd7 prov$ z inspir+ to him z x _h be5 to 8 ma/]4 ,mean:ile t busy ma/]1 8 decorative commission ( ! ,sala del ,cambio complet$1 _h gone back at once to purely religi\s art 9 a great pa9t+ = ! high alt> at ,vallombrosa1 :i* is n[ 9 ! ,flor5ce ,accademia4 ,! subject is ! ,assumption ( ,m>y ,virg91 :o appe>s 9 a m&orla surr\nd$ by angels1 :ile ,god ! ,fa!r b5ds to bless f heav51 & f\r sa9ts on e>? b5ea? await 9 adoration4 ,?is 0 probably pa9t$ at ! mona/]y1 = ,vas>i says di/9ctly1 ,at ,vallombrosa he pa9t$ a picture = ! high alt>2 & ?is is q likely1 z well z t 8 two gr& pr(ile portraits ( ! ,abbot ,baldas>re & ( ,don ,biagio ,milanesi date f ! same visit4 ,we h already notic$ 8 f9ely virile portrait ( ,francesco delle ,op]e 9 ! ,uffizi collection1 & ?is1 comb9$ ) ! two mona/ic portraits j m5tion$1 n[ 9 ! ,flor5t9e ,accademia1 proves t1 if our ma/] _h devot$ himself to portrait "w1 he might h be5 "o ( ! greate/ portraiti/s ( all "t4 ,9 ! two la/ portraits ! te*nique is ( extreme simplicity4 ,x is simply ! b>e %av5 head1 se5 9 pr(ile aga9/ a br[n backgr\nd4 ,b ! draw+ is faultless1 ! man himself is !re1 & !re is n a t\* m ?an is ne$$ to reveal ! bones ( ! skull b5ea? an upp] surface cov]+ ( fle% & sk94 ,! ,vallombrosan alt>-piece dates f #aejj1 & 9 #aeja ,p]ug9o 0 "o ( ! ,priors 7,priori71 &1 be+ oblig$ to reside 9 ! ,communal ,palace & give ! mo/ ( 8 "t to magi/]ial & civic duties1 he probably _h little "t left = pa9t+4 ,b he took occasion to contract = future "w 7#aejb7--;= sa9ts & angels to be pa9t$ ar\nd a f9e crucifix 9 wood = ! ,conv5t ( ,s4 ,francesco al ,monte1 :i* is n[ 9 ! ,p]ugian ,gall]y2 = designs = ! int>sia "w ( ,s4 ,ago/9o1 & a d\ble alt>-piece = ! same *ur*1 z well z a ,sposalizio 7,m>riage ( ,m>y7 = ! ,duomo4 ,9 #aejc we h se5 t ,pietro _h return$ to ,flor5ce1 & tak5 lodg+s 9 ! ,p9ti qu>t]4 ,!re foll[$ ! qu>rel ) ,mi*elangelo :i* ,i h m5tion$1 & v %ortly aft] ?is he left ,flor5ce aga9 = ,p]ugia4 ,:ile "h1 he receiv$ a lett] f ! ,priors ( 8 bir?place1 ,citt della ,pieve1 invit+ him to pa9t a fresco !re4 ,?is 0 on ,febru>y #bj1 #aejd1 &1 aft] "s correspond5ce z to t]ms1 9 ,m>* foll[+ ! contract 0 conclud$1 & ! fresco pa9t$ 9 ! same ye>4 ,! subject ( ?is f9e fresco is ! ,adoration ( ! ,magi4 ,hidd5 away 9 its little t[n%ip1 x is n easily accessible to visitors1 & escap$ ! plund] ( ! ,fr5*4 ,i h n yet be5 able to visit x1 b my fri5d ,dr4 ,g4 ,c4 ,williamson1 :o drove to ,citt across ! m\nta9s f ,p]ugia1 0 deeply impress$ by ! pa9t+ & ! place1 & writes1 ,! t[n is /rangely beautiful--l a petrifi$ city1 left high & dry by ! mov+ wat]s ( civilisation1 unt\*$ & unspoil$4 ,at ,panicale1 ano!r t[n%ip ne> !re1 is a ,/4 ,seba/ian by our ma/]1 sign$ & dat$ #aeje4 ,^! 7 works :i* he probably pa9t$ rapidly & = a comp>atively l[ price--! ,pieve ,adoration hav+ be5 r$uc$ to sev5ty-five flor9s--& ,cr[e & ,cavalcaselle trace ! h& ( 8 assi/ant1 ,lo ,spagna1 9 ! ,panicale ,/4 ,seba/ian & an ,assumption 9 t city4 ,b ,p]ug9o _h by no means ab&on$ ,flor5ce z yet1 = we f9d him writ+ f !re 9 ,june ( #aeje to ! ,m>*ioness ( ,mantua to ackn[l$ge ! receipt ( eighty ducats = 8 temp]a pa9t+ ( ! ,combat ( ,love & ,*a/ity4 ,isabella d',e/e da ,gonzaga1 ,m>*ioness ( ,mantua1 an en?usia/ic collector & art patron1 & "o ( ! mo/ cultivat$ wom5 ( h] "t1 0 at t mom5t =m+ )9 h] palace at ,mantua ! fam\s ,/udio della ,grotta1 :i* %e adorn$ ) pa9t+s by ,mantegna1 ,co/a1 & ,p]ug9o4 ,^! pa9t+s1 :i* ,i h describ$ 9 my own "w on ,mantua1 & else:]e1 7 /ill 9 ! ,grotta 9 #afbg1 b aft] ! t]rible sack ( ,mantua 9 #afcj !y 7 sold to ,c>d9al ,ri*elieu1 & are n[ 9 ! ,muse du ,l\vre4 ,!y 7 all ( allegorical subjects1 dictat$ by ! ,m>*esa h]self1 & ! ,p>nassus ( h] c\rt pa9t]1 ,&rea ,mantegna1 is a ma/]piece4 ,b t ( ! ,p]ugian ma/] is f> less satisfactory1 & 0 inde$ f\nd s by t v ke5 critic1 ! ,m>*esa ,isabella h]self4 ,%e wrote to him on ,june #cj ( ! ye> #aeje3 ,! picture has rea*$ me safely1 &1 z x is well drawn & col\r$1 pleases me2 b if x _h be5 m c>efully f9i%$1 x w\ld h be5 m to y\r hon\r & our satisfaction4 ,%e "h goes /raight to ! po9t 9 not+--z we %all d lat]--t ! ma/] 0 becom+ c>eless & ha/y 9 8 execution4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x is fair to rememb] t ! subject 0 n probably cong5ial1 t he 0 ti$ h& & foot 9 8 treatm5t by ! le>n$ lady's writt5 in/ructions 7on he>+ t he _h repres5t$ ,v5us z nude1 %e decl>$ t if "o s+le figure 7 alt]$ ! :ole fable w\ld be ru9$71 & x is only 9 ! wide sweep ( cle> sky & hills & riv] t ! arti/ really f9ds himself aga94 ,ano!r commission ( ?is "t 9 ,flor5ce 0 to complete ! ,desc5t f ! ,cross begun 9 #aejc by ,filipp9o ,lippi1 & left unf9i%$ at 8 dea? 9 #aeje4 ,?is picture1 :i* 0 de/9$ = ! ,,ss4 ,annunziata at ,flor5ce1 0 complet$ by ,p]ug9o1 & is n[ 9 ! ,accademia4 ,! l[] portion is "h by our ma/]1 &1 consid]+ ! initial difficulty ( work+ ^u ano!r man's conception1 ! result is to be prais$4 ,cr[e1 inde$1 calls ! ,virg9 fa9t+ 9 ! arms ( ! ?ree ,m>ies "o ( ! noble/ conceptions ( 8 bru%4 ,b ! same _c be said ( 8 jo9t commission ( ! ,assumption1 pa9t$ also = ! ,,ss4 ,annunziata 9 ?is summ] ( #aeje4 ,dr4 ,williamson1 ^: monograph ,i h already m5tion$1 & :o w5t to ! pa9s ( visit+ all ^! works ( ,p]ug9o scatt]$ by ,napoleon ?r\gh ! small prov9cial museums ( ,france1 not$ t ! resemblance betwe5 ! ,assumption & ! ,asc5sion ( ,lyons1 :i* _h be5 pa9t$ 9 #adie = ,s4 ,pietro at ,p]ugia1 is s close z to %[ ! arti/ _h h>dly tr\bl$ to make any *ange4 ,n only ?is1 b ! ,coronation ( ! ,virg91 ( ! ,p]ugian ,gall]y1 %[s gr\ps id5tical ) bo? ! above pa9t+s1 & ?is ,assumption1 = :i*1 z ,cr[e says1 he fell back on ! model ( ! ,lyons ,asc5sion1 is pa9t$ 9 a slov5ly & c>eless mann]4 ,:5 we rememb] :at ,flor5ce 0 9 ?is e>ly sixte5? c5tury--a city ke5ly intellectual1 alive to art z p]haps no city1 save ,a!ns1 has ev] be5 be=e or s9ce1 & highly critical & c5sori\s--we ne$ n be surpris$ t ! ma/]1 ?us op5ly convict$ ( plagi>ism f 8 e>li] works & ( c>eless te*nique1 0 c5sur$ by 8 fri5ds & attack$ by 8 enemies4 ,vas>i tells u t :5 ! a=esaid "w 7! ,assumption7 0 uncov]$1 x 0 freely blam$ by all ! y\ng] craftsm51 &1 9 p>ticul>1 because ,pietro _h made use ( ^? figures :i* _h already appe>$ 9 8 o!r works2 & 8 fri5ds repli$ t x 0 n t 8 p[]s _h fail$1 b t he _h act$ s ei!r f gre$ ( money or f ha/e4 ,to :om ,pietro answ]$3 ',i h put into ?is "w ! figures prais$ be=e by y1 & ) :i* y 7 inf9itely pleas$4 ,if n[ !y displease y & are n prais$1 :at c ,i d to help x8' ,b ^! m5 cont9u$ to assail him ) sonnets & public insults4 ,:5ce he1 already old1 left ,flor5ce1 & return$ to ,p]ugia4 ,!re is some?+ pa!tic 9 ! old man's reply1 & x mu/ h co/ him a he>t-pang to ?us turn 8 back on ,flor5ce4 ,he _h lov$ ! city1 _h ga9$ !re 8 fir/ inspiration 9 art1 8 fir/ successes1 _h w$d$ !re1 b\ght a h\se & prop]ty1 & pur*as$ 9 ?is noble ,*ur* ( ! ,,ss4 ,annunziata a burial-place = himself & 8 desc5dants4 ,b he nev] return$4 ,8 "n disappe>s f ! rolls ( ! pa9t]s' guild 9 ,flor5ce1 & 9 #aejf appe>s 9 t ( ,p]ugia4 ,umbria welcom$ back h] great ma/] ) rev]5t appreciation4 ,t divid$ impulse ( 8 life 0 end$1 & f h5ce=? he 0 all h] own4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,viii4--,,virg9 ,,& ,,*ild ,,) ,,two ,,male ,,sa9ts 7,9 ! ,national ,gall]y1 ,london7 ,?is f9e pa9t+1 v individual 9 treatm5t1 0 pa9t$ by ,pietro 9 #aejg = ! executors ( ,giovanni ,s*iavone1 a ma/]-c>p5t] ( ,p]ugia4 ,9 #ahbb ,b>on delle ,p5na1 by ^: family x _h be5 inh]it$1 remov$ ! pa9t+ to 8 palace at ,p]ugia1 & !nce x pass$ to ! ,london ,gall]y 9 #ahgi4 ,always a good man ( bus9ess1 ,p]ug9o's fir/ /ep on rea*+ ,p]ugia 0 to collect ! debts /ill due to him4 ,f ! au?orities ( ,citt della ,pieve he dem&$ ! balance 7,m>* ( #aejg7 ( #be flor9s1 :i* 0 liquidat$ by ! conveyance ( a h\se1 f ,panicale #aa flor9s1 & = 8 "w 9 ! ,cambio he drew #cej ducats4 ,!n ! commissions began to come 9 aga91 & an alt>-piece ( ?is v "t 7#aejg71 repres5t+ ,madonna betwe5 ,,ss4 ,j]ome & ,francis1 has rec5tly come to ! ,london ,national ,gall]y f ! ,palazzo ,p5na at ,p]ugia1 & is a "w ( *>m & great m]it4 ,x _h be5 ord]$ 9 #aejg by ! executors ( ,giovanni ,s*iavone1 a ma/]-c>p5t] ( ,p]ugia1 to be set ov] ! alt> ( a *apel 9 ,s4 ,m>ia de' ,s]vi 9 t city4 ,?is "w complet$1 he left = ,foligno1 :]e ,i f\nd /ill 9 place 8 fresco ( ,! ,baptism ( ,*ri/ 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,la ,nunziatella1 & f ,foligno 7#aejg-h7 he 0 summon$ by ,pope ,julius to ,rome to decorate ! ceil+s ( 8 ,vatican ,palace4 ,bazzi 7,sodoma7 & ,p]uzzi 7 already be+ employ$ on ! same "w1 & at ,rome ,p]ug9o met 8 old fri5ds & rivals 9 art--,signorelli1 ,bramant9o1 & o!rs--& introduc$ to !m 8 own pupil ,caporali4 ,:5 ,rafaelle 0 accept$ by ,julius ,,ii4 z 8 f9al & only ma/] 9 ! ,vatican1 & bidd5 by ! impetu\s ,pontiff to de/roy all "w ( o!r arti/s1 he sp>$--) t g5tilezza :i* 0 9 8 "*--! ceil+ pa9t+s ( 8 old ma/] ,p]ug9o1 :i* yet rema9 to u 9 ! ,cam]a dell' ,inc5dio4 ,b1 eclips$ by 8 brilliant "y pupil1 !re 0 cle>ly no room = old ,pietro at ,rome1 & he j\rney$ nor?w>d ) ,signorelli1 break+ 8 j\rney to pa9t a ,crucifixion = ,s4 ,m>ia degli ,angeli at ,assisi1 & ano!r pa9t+ at ,si5a ( ! same subject = ! ,*ur* ( ,s4 ,ago/9o4 ,a fragm5t :i* is 9 ! collection ( ,miss ,h]tz at ,rome may belong to ano!r picture due to ?is ,si5a visit2 & lat] we f9d him pa9t+ at ,bettona1 & 7#aeab-ac7 9 8 own bir?place ( ,citt della ,pieve4 ,vas>i has a gossip+ /ory t ,pietro1 :o tru/$ no "o1 &1 9 go+ & return+ f ,ca/ello della ,pieve1 c>ri$ all ! money he _h ab\t him always on 8 p]son1 0 robb$ on ! way1 & lo/ 8 money & ne>ly 8 life4 ,& he adds next3 ,pietro 0 a p]son ( v little religion1 & c\ld nev] be made to believe 9 ! immortality ( ! s\l2 nay1 ) words adapt$ to 8 evil m9d1 he did mo/ ob/9ately refuse e good pa?4 ,he plac$ all 8 hopes 9 ! goods ( =tune1 & = money w\ld h made e bad contract4 ,!re 7 two reasons :y ,vas>i %\ld h be5 unfair to ,p]ug9o--"o1 t he 0 an ,umbrian1 ev5 ?\gh long resid5t 9 ,flor5ce1 ! o!r1 t he _h come1 z we h se51 into collision ) 8 admir$ ,mi*elangelo4 ,ev5 s1 ,vas>i is mu* too good a judge to depreciate 8 art1 b he attacks ! ,p]ugian ma/] p]sonally1 & 8 rem>ks ab\t religion d n c\nt = mu*4 ,vas>i liv$ 9 an age--t ( ! c\nt]-,re=mation--:i* comb9$ 9 ,italy ! l[e/ level ( morals ) app>5t or?odoxy1 &1 "u ! %ad[ ( ! ,inquisition1 religion became a good /one to ?r[ at y\r enemy4 ,b we _c say !re is no?+ beh9d 8 *>ge1 because1 ) regret1 we h se5 )9 ^! pages ?is ma/] ( ! t5d] virg9s & calm sa9ts ( ,god z be+ v9dictive 7t affair be=e ! ,eight ) ,auli/a di ,angelo comes to our ?\ght71 disloyal1 & %ifty 9 8 bus9ess deal+s 7"h ! ,orvietans & _! ,*apel ( ,s4 ,brizio are an in/ance71 & always consi/5tly ke5 on gett+ ! be/ side ( a b>ga94 ,x does come z some?+ ( a %ock--at any rate to me--to turn f ?is s]5ely devotional art to ?is record ( ! man's p]sonality1 & we feel incl9$ to e*o ! words ( ,symonds1 :o asks1 ,h[ c\ld su* a man h endur$ to pass a long life 9 ! fabrication ( devotional pictures8 ,! answ] p]haps lies 9 ! fact t ,pietro did n create ?is lovely art ( devotion1 ( :i* he 0 su* a supreme int]pret]4 ,he f\nd x all ar\nd him1 9 ! aspirations ( ?\s&s ( pray]ful s\ls1 ev5 9 ! v soil ( ?is l& ( 81 :]e ! ,etruscans _h once qu>ri$ ! tombs ( _! dead1 & z an art motive x absorb$ 8 :ole feel+4 ,:51 lat] 9 life1 mat]ial success came to invade 8 nature1 its influ5ce z a corrosive at once appe>s 9 8 art creation4 ,! t\* ( ideal beauty leaves 8 figures2 draw+1 col\r1 composition become m]e ha/y repetition ( 8 e>li] ef=ts4 ,& yet we _c b ?9k ( ! old ma/] ) pleasure1 ev5 9 ^! lat] ye>s1 z fill+ ^! little hill-t[ns ( ,umbria1 ,bettona1 ,assisi1 ,montefalco1 ,spello1 ,trevi1 mo/ ( all 8 own bir?place1 ,ca/ello della ,pieve1 ) frescoes :i* are at lea/ lovely %ad[s ( 8 greate/ works4 ,at ,bettona he _h pa9t$ a ,/4 ,an?ony1 & aga9 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,s4 ,pet] at ,citt della ,pieve1 & "h1 too1 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,s4 ,m>ia de' ,s]vi is ! fragm5t--b a beautiful fragm5t--( a ru9$ ,crucifixion4 ,! frescoes ( ,s4 ,m>ia ,maggiore at ,spello 7sign$ & dat$ #aeba71 & ! ,adoration ( ! ,magi 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,s4 ,m>ia delle ,lagrime at ,trevi1 are important 9 ?is late p]iod ( 8 art1 z well z p]haps a ,nativity 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,s4 ,francesco at ,montefalco1 :i* is fill$ ) "w ( 8 pupils4 ,b a "w ( special int]e/ is 8 completion ( ! frescoes ( 8 greate/ pupil1 ,rafaelle ( ,urb9o1 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,s4 ,sev]o at ,p]ugia4 ,sixte5 ye>s _h elaps$ s9ce ,rafaelle 9 #aeje _h1 z a y\? ( brilliant promise1 pa9t$ ! upp] fresco1 anticipat+ !re9 ! composition ( 8 great ,disputa del ,sacram5to )9 ! ,vatican4 ,s9ce !n he _h gone on f /r5g? to /r5g?1 & n[1 9 8 decl9+ ye>s1 8 old ma/] 0 call$ on to complete 8 pupil's "w4 ,! six sa9ts :om he pa9t$ !re1 b5ea? ,rafaelle's fresco1 gr\p$ on ei!r side ( t]ra-cotta figures ( ! ,virg9 & ,*ild--,,ss4 ,j]ome1 ,john1 ,gregory1 & ,boniface1 ) ,,ss4 ,scola/ica & ,m>?a--possess1 z f> z c be n[ judg$1 bo? dignity & beauty4 ,! fresco is sign$ by him1 & dat$ ) ! ye> ( #aeba1 little m ?an a ye> be=e 8 dea?4 ,= to ! la/ ! old man 0 busy1 & aft] a long life ( indu/ry di$ almo/ ) ! bru% )9 8 h&4 ,?is v ye> ( #aeba he 0 at ,trevi z well z ,spello4 ,9 #aebb he pa9t$ ! ,transfiguration = ,s4 ,m>ia ,nuova at ,p]ugia1 & 8 frescoes = ! ,conv5t ( ,s4 ,agnese at ,p]ugia1 :i* are /ill 9 place--bo? ! ,transfiguration & its ?ree pr$ella panels be+ n[ 9 ! ,p]ugian ,gall]y4 ,8 la/ "w 7#aebc71 ! fresco ( ! ,adoration ( ! ,%eph]ds 7a fresco n[ transf]r$ to canvas71 is n[ 9 ! ,london ,national ,gall]y1 :]e is also 8 *>m+ ,virg9 ) ! little ,jesus & ,/4 ,john1 a sign$ "w f ! late ,mr4 ,beck=d's collection4 ,! *ild ,jesus /&s1 nak$ & upright1 ^u a /one balu/rade1 & plays ) a lock ( ,8 "m's hair1 :o is h]self ( ! pure virg9al type imag$ by ,rafaelle 9 8 e>li] creations1 notably ! fam\s ,madonna del ,gr&uca2 :ile ! ,adoration1 ! ma/]'s la/ "w1 0 remov$ f ! ,*ur* ( ,fontignano 9 #ahdc4 ,! l&scape 9 bo? ^! works--9 ! ,beck=d ,virg9 blue hills & outl9$ trees1 9 ! ,fontignano fresco wide-sweep+ upl&s--is ( great attraction4 ,z ! ag$ arti/1 says ,cr[e1 lab\r$ at ,fontignano1 indu/ri\s to ! close1 a plague broke out 9 ! ,p]ugia di/rict & ravag$ ! c\ntry4 ,a disgraceful panic ov]-spread ! l&4 ,x 0 decre$ t ! c]emonies ( religion %\ld be omitt$ 9 all cases :]e dea? ensu$ f ! contagion4 ,p]ug9o di$ & 0 buri$ 9 a field at ,fontignano 444 & no "o kn[s :]e lie ! bones ( ,pietro ,p]ug9o4 ,lat] docum5t>y evid5ce1 :i* is quot$ by ! above au?ors1 & at great] l5g? by ,milanesi 9 8 edition ( ,vas>i's ,lives1 has "h ov]?r[n ! /atem5t by ,vas>i t ,pietro1 hav+ come to ! age ( sev5ty-two ye>s1 end$ ! c\rse ( 8 life 9 ,ca/ello della ,pieve1 :]e he 0 hon\rably buri$ 9 ! ye> #aebd4 ,we "k n[ t 8 sons 7#aebd7 endeav\r$ to h _! fa!r's body br\ght f 8 ha/y burial-place to be int]r$ 9 ,s4 ,ago/9o at ,p]ugia2 b1 9 ! di/urb$ /ate ( c5tral ,italy dur+ ?is epo* ( =eign invasion1 ! pi\s wi% 0 nev] fulfill$4 ,:5 we ?9k ) :at c>e & exp5se ,pietro _h once prep>$ 8 la/ re/+-place 9 ,s4 ,m>ia de' ,s]vi at ,flor5ce1 ?is trag$y ( 8 unkn[n & hurri$ burial seems ! m sad4 ,he survives 9 8 art2 & t is a complete v9dication1 an undy+ memorial4 ,9 ^! pages we h trac$ 8 progress f 8 fir/ great commission ( ! ,si/9e ,*apel1 ) its dignifi$ gr\p+ & s5se ( air & space1 ?r\gh ! t5d] beauty ( 8 alt>-pieces1 ! simplicity & bread? ( 8 fresco "w--! ,nativity ( ! ,villa ,albani1 ! ,crucifixion ( ,s4 ,m>ia ,maddal5a de' ,pazzi1 ! ,piet ( ! nuns ( ,s4 ,*i>a1 ! alt>-piece ( ! ,c]tosa ( ,pavia--till1 9 8 great decorative commission at ,p]ugia ( ! ,sala del ,cambio1 9 ! ye> #aejj1 he seem$ to rea* ! summit ( 8 creative p[]1 & climb d[n f !nce1 ?\gh by no means imm$iately or conclusively1 to ^! fad$ & yet exquisite frescoes1 ) :i*1 9 8 own fad+ ye>s1 he wrea!d ! little hill-cities ( 8 native ,umbria4 ,& we not$ him z a complete ma/] ( 8 art1 ev5 ?\gh he might will+ly abide )9 a c]ta9 religi\s conv5tion2 we saw t ! ma/] ( ! ,deliv]y ( ! ,keys )9 ! ,si/9e1 ! great portrait arti/1 ^: h& has left u ^? =ceful heads ( ,francesco delle ,op]e1 ( ! ,abbot ,baldas>re1 & ,don ,biagio1 ! pa9t] ( ! ,albani & ,c]tosa alt>-pieces1 ! decorator ( ! ,cambio1 _h no?+ to fe> 9 8 p[]s ( art creation f ! v greate/ ( 8 "t4 ,b aft] we h said all ?is1 we mu/ own t 8 special place )9 t galaxy ( g5ius ( ! greate/ ,italian art is be/ describ$ by a writ] to ^: appreciative criticism ,i h always giv5 my s9c]e admiration2 = ,pietro's task x 0 to create = ! s\l amid ! pomps & passions ( ?is _w a re/+-place ( contemplation1 t5ant$ by sa9tly & s]aphic be+s4 ,no pa9 comes ne> ! folk ( 8 cele/ial city2 no long+ poisons _! repose2 !y are n we>y1 & ! wick$ tr\ble !m no m4 ,_! *e]fulness is no less p]fect ?an _! s]5ity2 l ! %ades ( ,hellas1 !y h drunk ,le?an wat]s f ! riv] ( cont5t1 & all remembrance ( ?+s sad or h>% has vani%$ f _! m9ds4444 ,9 ! be/ "w ( ,p]ug9o1 ! ,r5aissance set ! seal ( absolute p]fection ^u pieti/ic art4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,ma/]pieces ,,9 ,,col\r ,,s]ies ,,arti/4 ,,au?or4 ,,bell9i4 ,,george ,,hay4 ,,botticelli4 ,,h5ry ,b4 ,,b9ns4 ,,b\*]4 ,c4 ,,haldane ,,macfall4 ,,burne-,,jones4 ,a4 ,,lys ,,baldry4 ,,c>lo ,,dolci4 ,,george ,,hay4 ,,*>d94 ,,paul ,g4 ,,konody4 ,,con/able4 ,c4 ,,lewis ,,h9d4 ,,corot4 ,,sidney ,,allnutt4 ,,da ,,v9ci4 ,m4 ,w4 ,,brockwell4 ,,delacroix4 ,,paul ,g4 ,,konody4 ,d,,r]4 ,h4 ,e4 ,a4 ,,fur/4 ,,fra ,,angelico4 ,,james ,,mason4 ,,fra ,,filippo ,,lippi4 ,,paul ,g4 ,,konody4 ,,fragon>d4 ,c4 ,,haldane ,,macfall4 ,,franz ,,hals4 ,,edgcumbe ,,/aley4 ,,ga9sbor\gh4 ,,max ,,ro?s*ild4 ,,greuze4 ,,alys ,,eyre ,,mackl94 ,,hog>?4 ,c4 ,,lewis ,,h9d4 ,,holbe94 ,s4 ,l4 ,,b5susan4 ,,holman ,,hunt4 ,,m>y ,e4 ,,col]idge4 ,,+res4 ,a4 ,j4 ,,f9b]g4 ,,lawr5ce4 ,s4 ,l4 ,,b5susan4 ,,le ,,brun1 ,,vig,e4 ,c4 ,,haldane ,,macfall4 ,,leighton4 ,a4 ,,lys ,,baldry4 ,,lu9i4 ,,james ,,mason4 ,,mantegna4 ,,mrs4 ,,ar?ur ,,bell4 ,,meml9c4 ,w4 ,h4 ,j4 ,j4 ,c4 ,,weale4 ,,millais4 ,a4 ,,lys ,,baldry4 ,,millet4 ,,p]cy ,m4 ,,turn]4 ,,murillo4 ,s4 ,l4 ,,b5susan4 ,,p]ug9o4 ,,selwyn ,,br9ton4 ,,raeburn4 ,,james ,l4 ,,caw4 ,,raphael4 ,,paul ,g4 ,,konody4 ,,rembr&t4 ,,josef ,,israels4 ,,reynolds4 ,s4 ,l4 ,,b5susan4 ,,romney4 ,c4 ,,lewis ,,h9d4 ,,rossetti4 ,,luci5 ,,piss>ro4 ,,rub5s4 ,s4 ,l4 ,,b5susan4 ,,s>g5t4 ,t4 ,,m>t9 ,,wood4 ,,t9toretto4 ,s4 ,l4 ,,b5susan4 ,,titian4 ,s4 ,l4 ,,b5susan4 ,,turn]4 ,c4 ,,lewis ,,h9d4 ,,van ,,dyck4 ,,p]cy ,m4 ,,turn]4 ,,van ,,eyck4 ,j4 ,,cyril ,m4 ,,weale4 ,,velazquez4 ,s4 ,l4 ,,b5susan4 ,,watteau4 ,c4 ,,lewis ,,h9d4 ,,watts4 ,w4 ,,l(tus ,,h>e4 ,,:i/l]4 ,t4 ,,m>t9 ,,wood4 ,o!rs 9 ,prep>ation4 99 99 99 99 99