,transcrib]'s note3 ,a few typographical errors h be5 correct$3 !y are li/$ at ! end ( ! text4 ,*apt] head+s 7 orig9ally con/ruct$ z side-notes4 ,!y 7 plac$ "h at ! head ( _! respective p>agraphs1 & mov$ to p>agraph's />t :]e giv5 at p>agraph's middle4 ,see ,,html v]sion = ! orig9al head]s placem5t4 ,libr>y ,edition ,,! ,,complete ,,works ,,( ,,john ,,rusk9 ,,poetry ,,( ,,ar*itecture ,,sev5 ,,lamps ,,mod]n ,,pa9t]s ,,volume ,i ,,national ,,libr>y ,,association ,,new ,,york ,,*icago ,,! ,,complete ,,works ,,( ,,john ,,rusk9 ,,volume ,,ii ,,mod]n ,,pa9t]s ,,volume ,i ,,mod]n ,,pa9t]s4 ,,by ,a ,,graduate ,,( ,,ox=d4 ,,vol4 ,i4 ,,"p ,i--,,ii4 ,,to ,,! ,,l&scape ,,arti/s ,,( ,,engl& ,?is ,"w ,,is ,,respectfully ,,d$icat$ ,,by ,,_! ,,s9c]e ,,admir]1 ,,! ,,au?or ,,preface ,,to ,,! ,,fir/ ,,edition4 ,! "w n[ laid be=e ! public orig9at$ 9 indignation at ! %all[ & false criticism ( ! p]iodicals ( ! day on ! works ( ! great liv+ arti/ to :om x pr9cipally ref]s4 ,x 0 int5d$ to be a %ort pamphlet1 reprobat+ ! matt] & /yle ( ^? critiques1 & po9t+ out _! p]il\s t5d5cy1 z guides ( public feel+4 ,b1 z po9t aft] po9t pres5t$ itself = demon/ration1 ,i f\nd myself compell$ to amplify :at 0 at fir/ a lett] to ! ,editor ( a ,review1 into some?+ v l a treatise on art1 to :i* ,i 0 oblig$ to give ! m consi/5cy & complet5ess1 because x advocat$ op9ions :i*1 to ! ord9>y connoisseur1 w s\nd h]etical4 ,i n[ sc>cely "k :e!r ,i %\ld ann\nce x is an ,essay on ,l&scape ,pa9t+1 & apologize = its frequ5t ref]5ce to ! works ( a p>ticul> ma/]2 or1 ann\nc+ x z a critique on p>ticul> works1 apologize = its l5g?y discussion ( g5]al pr9ciples4 ,b ( :atev] "* ! "w may be consid]$1 ! motives :i* l$ me to und]take x mu/ n be mi/ak54 ,no zeal = ! reputation ( any individual1 no p]sonal feel+ ( any k9d1 has ! slighte/ weight or influ5ce ) me4 ,! reputation ( ! great arti/ to ^: works ,i h *iefly ref]r$1 is e/abli%$ on too legitimate gr\nds among all ^: admiration is honorable1 to be 9 any way affect$ by ! ignorant s>casms ( pret5sion & affectation4 ,b :5 public ta/e seems plung+ deep] & deep] into degradation day by day1 & :5 ! press univ]sally ex]ts su* p[] z x possesses to direct ! feel+ ( ! nation m completely to all t is !atrical1 affect$1 & false 9 art2 :ile x v5ts its ribald buffoon]ies on ! mo/ exalt$ tru?1 & ! highe/ ideal ( l&scape1 t ?is or any o!r age has ev] witness$1 x becomes ! imp]ative duty ( all :o h any p]ception or k ( :at is really great 9 art1 & any desire = its advancem5t 9 ,engl&1 to come fe>lessly =w>d1 reg>dless ( su* individual int]e/s z are likely to be injur$ by ! k ( :at is good & "r1 to decl>e & demon/rate1 :]ev] !y exi/1 ! ess5ce & ! au?ority ( ! ,beautiful & ! ,true4 ,:atev] may seem invidi\s or p>tial 9 ! execution ( my task is dep5d5t n s mu* on ! t5or ( ! "w1 z on its incomplet5ess4 ,i h n ent]$ into sy/ematic criticism ( all ! pa9t]s ( ! pres5t day2 b ,i h illu/rat$ ea* p>ticul> excell5ce & tru? ( art by ! works 9 :i* x exi/s 9 ! highe/ degree1 re/+ satisfi$ t if x be once rightly felt & enjoy$ 9 ^!1 x w be discov]$ & appreciat$ :]ev] x exi/s 9 o!rs4 ,& al?\gh ,i h nev] suppress$ any conviction ( ! sup]iority ( "o arti/ ov] ano!r1 :i* ,i believ$ to be gr\nd$ on tru?1 & necess>y to ! und]/&+ ( tru?1 ,i h be5 cauti\s nev] to und]m9e positive rank1 :ile ,i disput$ relative rank4 ,my uni=m desire & aim h be51 n t ! pres5t favorite %\ld be admir$ less1 b t ! neglect$ ma/] %\ld be admir$ m4 ,& ,i "k t an increas$ p]ception & s5se ( tru? & beauty1 ?\gh x may int]f]e ) our e/imate ( ! comp>ative rank ( pa9t]s1 w inv>iably t5d to increase our admiration ( all :o are really great2 & he :o n[ places ,/anfield & ,callcott above ,turn]1 w admire ,/anfield & ,callcott m ?an he does n[1 :5 he has le>n$ to place ,turn] f> above !m bo?4 ,9 ?ree in/ances only h ,i spok5 9 direct depreciation ( ! works ( liv+ arti/s1 & ^! are all cases 9 :i* ! reputation is s firm & ext5d$1 z to suff] little injury f ! op9ion ( an individual1 & :]e ! blame has be5 w>rant$ & des]v$ by ! desecration ( ! highe/ p[]s4 ,( ! old ma/]s ,i h spok5 ) f> great] fre$om2 b let x be rememb]$ t only a portion ( ! "w is n[ pres5t$ to ! public1 & x mu/ n be suppos$1 because 9 t p>ticul> portion1 & ) ref]5ce to p>ticul> excell5cies1 ,i h spok5 9 con/ant depreciation1 t ,i h no feel+ ( o!r excell5cies ( :i* cognizance c only be tak5 9 future p>ts ( ! "w4 ,let me n be und]/ood to mean m ?an ,i h said1 nor be made responsible = conclusions :5 ,i h only /at$ facts4 ,i h said t ! old ma/]s did n give ! tru? ( ,nature2 if ! read] *ooses1 !nce1 to inf] t !y 7 n ma/]s at all1 x is 8 conclusion1 n m9e4 ,:atev] ,i h ass]t$ ?r\gh\t ! "w1 ,i h endeavor$ to gr\nd altoge!r on demon/rations :i* mu/ /& or fall by _! own /r5g?1 & :i* ought to involve no m ref]5ce to au?ority or "* ?an a demon/ration 9 ,euclid4 ,yet x is prop] = ! public to "k1 t ! writ] is no m]e !ori/1 b has be5 devot$ f 8 y\? to ! labori\s /udy ( practical art4 ,:atev] has be5 g5]ally affirm$ ( ! old s*ools ( l&scape-pa9t+ is f\nd$ on famili> acqua9tance ) e important "w ( art1 f ,antw]p to ,naples4 ,b x w\ld be useless1 :]e close & imm$iate comp>ison ) works 9 our own ,academy is desirable1 to ref] to ! details ( pictures at ,rome or ,muni*2 & x w\ld be impossible to speak at once ) j feel+1 z reg>d$ ! possessor1 & j fre$om1 z reg>d$ ! public1 ( pictures 9 private gall]ies4 ,:atev] p>ticul> ref]5ces h be5 made = illu/ration1 h be5 !re=e conf9$1 z f> z 0 9 my p[]1 to works 9 ! ,national & ,dulwi* ,gall]ies4 ,f9ally1 ,i h to apologize = ! imp]fection ( a "w :i* ,i c\ld h wi%$ n to h execut$1 b ) ye>s ( reflection & revisal4 ,x is ow+ to my s5se ( ! necessity ( su* revisal1 t only a portion ( ! "w is n[ pres5t$ to ! public2 b t portion is bo? complete 9 itself1 & is m peculi>ly direct$ aga9/ ! cry+ evil :i* call$ = in/ant rem$y4 ,:e!r ,i ev] completely fulfil my int5tion1 w p>tly dep5d ^u ! _s 9 :i* ! pres5t volume is receiv$4 ,if x be attribut$ to an invidi\s _s1 or a desire = ! advancem5t ( individual int]e/s1 ,i c\ld hope to effect little good by f>!r ef=t4 ,if1 on ! contr>y1 its real feel+ & int5tion be und]/ood1 ,i %all %r9k f no labor 9 ! execution ( a task :i* may t5d1 h[ev] feebly1 to ! advancem5t ( ! cause ( real art 9 ,engl&1 & to ! honor ( ^? great liv+ ,ma/]s :om we n[ neglect or malign1 to p\r our flatt]y into ! e> ( ,dea?1 & exalt1 ) va9 acclamation1 ! names ( ^? :o nei!r dem& our praise1 nor reg>d our gratitude4 ,,! ,,au?or4 ,,preface ,,to ,,! ,,second ,,edition4 ,x is all[$ by ! mo/ able writ]s on naval & milit>y tactics1 t al?\gh ! attack by successive divisions absolutely requires 9 ! attack+ p>ty su* an inh]5t sup]iority 9 quality ( =ce1 & su* consci\sness ( t sup]iority1 z may enable 8 front columns1 or 8 lead+ %ips1 to support !mselves = a consid]able p]iod aga9/ ov]:elm+ numb]s2 x yet insures1 if ma9ta9$ ) con/ancy1 ! mo/ total ru9 ( ! oppos+ =ce4 ,conv9c$ ( ! tru?1 & !re=e assur$ ( ! ultimate preval5ce & victory ( ! pr9ciples :i* ,i h advocat$1 & equally confid5t t ! /r5g? ( ! cause mu/ give weight to ! /rokes ( ev5 ! weake/ ( its def5d]s1 ,i p]mitt$ myself to yield to a some:at ha/y & hot-head$ desire ( be+1 at :atev] risk1 9 ! ?ick ( ! fire1 & began ! conte/ ) a "p1 & t ! weake/ & lea/ consid]able "p1 ( ! =ces at my disposal4 ,& ,i n[ f9d ! volume ?us boldly laid be=e ! public 9 a position mu* resembl+ t ( ! ,royal ,sov]eign at ,trafalg>1 receiv+1 unsupport$1 ! broadsides ( half ! enemy's fleet1 :ile un=ese5 circum/ances h hi!rto prev5t$1 & mu/ yet = a "t prev5t1 my heavi] %ips ( ! l9e f tak+ any "p 9 ! action4 ,i wat*$ ! fir/ mom5ts ( ! /ruggle ) "s anxiety = ! solit>y vessel1--an anxiety :i* ,i h n[ ceas$ to feel1--= ! flag ( tru? waves brightly ?r\gh ! smoke ( ! battle1 & my antagoni/s1 :olly int5t on ! de/ruction ( ! lead+ %ip1 h lo/ _! position1 & expos$ !mselves 9 def5celess disord] to ! attack ( ! foll[+ columns4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ,i h _h no reason to regret my ha/y advance1 z f> z reg>ds ! ultimate issue ( ! /ruggle1 ,i h yet f\nd x to occasion mu* misconception ( ! "*1 & "s dim9ution ( ! influ5ce1 ( ! pres5t essay4 ,= ?\gh ! "w has be5 receiv$ z only 9 sangu9e mom5ts ,i _h v5tur$ to hope1 ?\gh ,i h _h ! pleasure ( kn[+ t 9 _m in/ances its pr9ciples h c>ri$ ) !m a /r5g? ( conviction am\nt+ to a demon/ration ( _! tru?1 & t1 ev5 :]e x has _h no o!r influ5ce1 x has excit$ int]e/1 sugge/$ inquiry1 & prompt$ to a j & frank comp>ison ( ,art ) ,nature2 yet ?is effect w\ld h be5 great] /ill1 _h n ! "w be5 suppos$1 z x seems to h be5 by _m read]s1 a complet$ treatise1 conta9+ a sy/ematiz$ /atem5t ( ! :ole ( my views on ! subject ( mod]n art4 ,consid]$ z su*1 x surprises me t ! book %\ld h receiv$ ! slighte/ att5tion4 ,= :at respect c\ld be due to a writ] :o pret5d$ to criticise & classify ! works ( ! great pa9t]s ( l&scape1 )\t develop+1 or ev5 allud+ to1 "o s+le pr9ciple ( ! beautiful or sublime8 ,s f> f be+ a complet$ essay1 x is little m ?an ! introduction to ! mass ( evid5ce & illu/ration :i* ,i h yet to br+ =w>d2 x treats ( no?+ b ! initiatory /eps ( art1 /ates no?+ b ! elem5t>y rules ( criticism1 t\*es only on m]its atta9able by accuracy ( eye & fidelity ( h&1 & leaves = future consid]ation e "o ( ! eclectic qualities ( pictures1 all ( good t is prompt$ by feel+1 & ( great t is guid$ by judgm5t2 & its function & scope %\ld ! less h be5 mi/ak51 because ,i h n only mo/ c>efully arrang$ ! subject 9 its comm5cem5t1 b h giv5 frequ5t ref]5ces ?r\gh\t to ! essays by :i* x is int5d$ to be succe$$1 9 :i* ,i %all endeavor to po9t out ! signification & ! value ( ^? ph5om5a ( ext]nal nature :i* ,i h be5 hi!rto compell$ to describe )\t ref]5ce ei!r to _! inh]5t beauty1 or to ! lessons :i* may be d]iv$ f !m4 ,yet1 to prev5t su* misconception 9 future1 ,i may p]haps be excus$ = occupy+ ! read]'s "t ) a full] /atem5t ( ! feel+s ) :i* ! "w 0 und]tak51 ( its g5]al plan1 & ( ! conclusions & positions :i* ,i hope to be able f9ally to d$uce & ma9ta94 ,no?+1 p]haps1 be>s on ! face ( x m appe>ance ( folly1 ignorance1 & imp]t95ce1 ?an any attempt to dim9i% ! honor ( ^? to :om ! ass5t ( _m g5]ations has assign$ a ?rone2 = ! truly great ( lat] times h1 almo/ )\t exception1 fo/]$ 9 o!rs ! v5]ation ( dep>t$ p[] :i* !y felt !mselves1 satisfi$ 9 all humility to take _! seat at ! feet ( ^? ^: honor is bright5$ by ! ho>9ess ( "t1 & to wait = ! p]iod :5 ! lu/re ( _m dep>t$ days may accumulate on _! own heads1 9 ! radiance :i* culm9ates z x rec$es4 ,! envi\s & incompet5t h usually be5 ! lead]s ( attack1 cont5t if1 l ! f\lness ( ! e>?1 !y may attract to !mselves notice by _! noisom5ess1 or1 l its insects1 exalt !mselves by virul5ce into visibility4 ,:ile1 h[ev]1 ! envy ( ! vici\s1 & ! insol5ce ( ! ignorant1 are occasionally %[n 9 _! nak$ness by futile ef=ts to degrade ! dead1 x is wor?y ( consid]ation :e!r !y may n m frequ5tly escape detection 9 successful ef=ts to degrade ! liv+1--:e!r ! v same malice may n be gratifi$1 ! v same incompet5ce demon/rat$ 9 ! unju/ l[]+ ( pres5t greatness1 & ! unju/ exaltation ( a p]i%$ p[]1 z1 if ex]t$ & manife/$ 9 a less safe direction1 w\ld h class$ ! critic ) ,n]o & ,caligula1 ) ,zoilus & ,p]rault4 ,be x rememb]$1 t ! _s ( detraction is detect$ only :5 unsuccessful1 & receives lea/ puni%m5t :]e x effects ! greate/ injury2 & x _c b be felt t !re is z mu* dang] t ! ris+ ( new />s %\ld be conceal$ by ! mi/s :i* are unse51 z t ^? ?ron$ 9 heav5 %\ld be d>k5$ by ! cl\ds :i* are visible4 ,!re is1 ,i fe>1 s mu* malice 9 ! he>ts ( mo/ m51 t !y are *iefly jeal\s ( t praise :i* c give ! greate/ pleasure1 & are !n mo/ lib]al ( eulogium :5 x c no long] be enjoy$4 ,!y grudge n ! :it5ess ( ! sepul*re1 because by no honor !y c be/[ ^u x c ! s5seless corpse be r5d]$ an object ( envy2 b !y are nigg>dly ( ! reputation :i* contributes to happ9ess1 or advances to =tune4 ,!y are glad to obta9 cr$it = g5]osity & humility by exalt+ ^? :o are beyond ! rea* ( praise1 & ?us to escape ! m pa9ful necessity ( do+ homage to a liv+ rival4 ,!y are rejoic$ to set up a /&>d ( imag9>y excell5ce1 :i* may enable !m1 by insi/+ on ! inf]iority ( a contempor>y "w to ! ?+s t h be51 to )draw ! att5tion f its sup]iority to ! ?+s t are4 ,! same und]curr5t ( jeal\sy op]ates 9 our reception ( animadv]sion4 ,m5 h commonly m pleasure 9 ! criticism :i* hurts ?an 9 t :i* is innocu\s1 & are m tol]ant ( ! sev]ity :i* breaks he>ts & ru9s =tunes1 ?an ( t :i* falls impot5tly on ! grave4 ,& ?us well says ! good & deep-m9d$ ,ri*>d ,hook]3 ,to ! be/ & wise/1 :ile !y live1 ! _w is cont9ually a fr[>d opposite2 & a curi\s obs]v] ( _! defects & imp]fections1 _! virtues aft]w>ds x z mu* admire?4 ,& = ?is cause1 _m times t :i* des]ve? admiration w\ld h>dly be able to f9d favor1 if !y :i* propose x 7 n cont5t to pr(ess !mselves !re9 s*ol>s & foll[]s ( ! anci5t4 ,= ! _w w n endure to he> t we are wis] ?an any h be5 :i* w5t be=e4--,book v4 *4 vii4 #c4 ,he !re=e :o w\ld ma9ta9 ! cause ( contempor>y excell5ce aga9/ t ( eld] "t1 mu/ h almo/ e class ( m5 array$ aga9/ him4 ,! g5]\s1 because !y w\ld n f9d matt] ( accusation aga9/ e/abli%$ dignities2 ! envi\s1 because !y l n ! s\nd ( a liv+ man's praise2 ! wise1 because !y pref] ! op9ion ( c5turies to t ( days2 & ! fooli%1 because !y are incapable ( =m+ an op9ion ( _! own4 ,obloquy s univ]sal is n lightly to be risk$1 & ! few :o make an ef=t to /em ! torr5t1 z x is made commonly 9 favor ( _! own works1 des]ve ! contempt :i* is _! only rew>d4 ,nor is ?is to be regrett$1 9 its influ5ce on ! progress & pres]vation ( ?+s te*nical & communicable4 ,respect = ! anci5ts is ! salvation ( art1 ?\gh x sometimes bl9ds u to its ends4 ,x increases ! p[] ( ! pa9t]1 ?\gh x dim9i%es 8 lib]ty2 & if x be sometimes an incumbrance to ! essays ( inv5tion1 x is (t5] a protection f ! consequ5ces ( audacity4 ,! :ole sy/em & discipl9e ( art1 ! collect$ results ( ! exp]i5ce ( ages1 might1 b = ! fix$ au?ority ( antiquity1 be swept away by ! rage ( fa%ion1 or lo/ 9 ! gl>e ( novelty2 & ! k :i* x _h tak5 c5turies to accumulate1 ! pr9ciples :i* mighty m9ds _h arriv$ at only 9 dy+1 might be ov]?r[n by ! fr5zy ( a faction1 & ab&on$ 9 ! insol5ce ( an h\r4 ,nei!r1 9 its g5]al application1 is ! p]suasion ( ! sup]iority ( =m] works less j ?an useful4 ,! great] numb] ( !m are1 & mu/ be1 immeasurably nobl] ?an any ( ! results ( pres5t ef=t1 because t :i* is be/ ( ! productions ( f\r ?\s& ye>s mu/ necess>ily be 9 its accumulation1 beyond all rivalry f ! works ( any giv5 g5]ation2 b x %\ld always be rememb]$ t x is improbable t _m1 & impossible t all1 ( su* works1 ?\gh ! greate/ yet produc$1 %\ld approa* ab/ract p]fection2 t !re is c]ta9ly some?+ left = u to c>ry f>!r1 or complete2 t any giv5 g5]ation has j ! same *ance ( produc+ "s individual m9d ( fir/-rate calibre1 z any ( its pr$ecessors2 & t if su* a m9d %\ld arise1 ! *ances are1 t ) ! assi/ance ( exp]i5ce & example1 x w\ld1 9 its p>ticul> & *os5 pa?1 d great] ?+s ?an _h be5 be=e done4 ,we mu/ !re=e be cauti\s n to lose sight ( ! real use ( :at has be5 left u by antiquity1 nor to take t = a model ( p]fection :i* is1 9 _m cases1 only a guide to x4 ,! picture :i* is look$ to = an int]pretation ( nature is invaluable1 b ! picture :i* is tak5 z a sub/itute = nature1 _h bett] be burn$2 & ! "y arti/1 :ile he %\ld %r9k ) horror f ! iconocla/ :o w\ld te> f him e l&m>k & light :i* has be5 bequea!d him by ! anci5ts1 & leave him 9 a lib]at$ *ildhood1 may be equally c]ta9 ( be+ betray$ by ^? :o w\ld give him ! p[] & ! k ( pa/ "t1 & !n fett] 8 /r5g? f all advance1 & b5d 8 eyes backw>d on a beat5 pa?--:o w\ld ?ru/ canvas betwe5 him & ! sky1 & tradition betwe5 him & ,god4 ,& su* conv5tional tea*+ is ! m to be dread$1 because all t is highe/ 9 art1 all t is creative & imag9ative1 is =m$ & creat$ by e great ma/] = himself1 & _c be repeat$ or imitat$ by o!rs4 ,we judge ( ! excell5ce ( a ris+ writ]1 n s mu* by ! resemblance ( 8 works to :at has be5 done be=e1 z by _! diff]5ce f x2 & :ile we advise him1 9 8 fir/ trials ( /r5g?1 to set c]ta9 models be=e him ) respect to inf]ior po9ts1--"o = v]sification1 ano!r = arrangem5t1 ano!r = treatm5t1--we yet admit n 8 greatness until he has brok5 away f all 8 models1 & /ruck =? v]sification1 arrangem5t1 & treatm5t ( 8 own4 ,?ree po9ts1 !re=e1 ,i w\ld especially insi/ ^u z necess>y to be kept 9 m9d 9 all criticism ( mod]n art4 ,fir/1 t !re are few1 v few ( ev5 ! be/ productions ( antiquity1 :i* are n visibly & palpably imp]fect 9 "s k9d or way1 & conceivably improvable by f>!r /udy2 t e nation1 p]haps e g5]ation1 has 9 all probability "s peculi> gift1 "s p>ticul> "* ( m9d1 enabl+ x to d some?+ diff]5t f1 or some?+ 9 "s sort bett] ?an :at has be5 be=e done2 & t !re=e1 unless art be a trick1 or a manufacture1 ( :i* ! secrets are lo/1 ! greate/ m9ds ( exi/+ nations1 if ex]t$ ) ! same indu/ry1 passion1 & hone/ aim z ^? ( pa/ "t1 h a *ance 9 _! p>ticul> walk ( do+ some?+ z great1 or1 tak+ ! advantage ( =m] example into acc\nt1 ev5 great] & bett]4 ,x is difficult to conceive by :at laws ( logic "s ( ! review]s ( ! foll[+ ,essay h con/ru$ its fir/ s5t5ce into a d5ial ( ?is pr9ciple1--a d5ial su* z _! own conv5tional & %all[ criticism ( mod]n works inv>iably implies4 ,i h said t no?+ has be5 = c5turies consecrat$ by public admiration )\t possess+ 9 a high degree "s species ( /]l+ excell5ce4 ,does x !nce foll[ t x possesses 9 ! highe/ degree e species ( /]l+ excell5ce8 ,yet ?us1 says ! sapi5t review]1 he admits ! fact aga9/ :i* he ma9ly argues1--namely1 ! sup]iority ( ^! "t-honor$ productions4 ,z if ! possession ( an ab/ract excell5ce ( "s k9d necess>ily impli$ ! possession ( an incomp>able excell5ce ( e k9d6 ,!re are few works ( man s p]fect z to admit ( no conception ( _! be+ excell$1,a--!re are ?\s&s :i* h be5 = c5turies1 & w be = c5turies m1 consecrat$ by public admiration1 :i* are yet imp]fect 9 _m respects1 & h be5 excell$1 & may be excell$ aga94 ,d my oppon5ts mean to ass]t t no?+ good c ev] be bett]$1 & t :at is be/ ( pa/ "t is necess>ily be/ ( all "t8 ,p]ug9o1 ,i suppose1 possess$ "s species ( /]l+ excell5ce1 b ,p]ug9o 0 excell$ by ,raffaelle2 & s ,claude possesses "s species ( /]l+ excell5ce1 b x foll[s n t he may n be excell$ by ,turn]4 ,! second po9t on :i* ,i w\ld insi/ is t if a m9d 7 to arise ( su* p[] z to be capable ( equall+ or excell+ "s ( ! greate/ works ( pa/ ages1 ! productions ( su* a m9d w\ld1 9 all probability1 be totally diff]5t 9 mann] & matt] f all =m] productions2 = ! m p[]ful ! intellect1 ! less w its works resemble ^? ( o!r m51 :e!r pr$ecessors or contempor>ies4 ,in/ead ( reason+1 !re=e1 z we commonly d1 9 matt]s ( art1 t because su* & su* a "w does n resemble t :i* has hi!rto be5 a canon1 !re=e x mu/ be inf]ior & wrong 9 pr9ciple2 let u r admit t !re is 9 its v dissimil>ity an increas$ *ance ( its be+ itself a new1 & p]haps1 a high] canon4 ,if any production ( mod]n art c be %[n to h ! au?ority ( nature on its side1 & to be bas$ on et]nal tru?s1 x is all s mu* m 9 its favor1 s mu* f>!r pro( ( its p[]1 t x is totally diff]5t f all t h be5 be=e se54,b ,! ?ird po9t on :i* ,i w\ld insi/1 is t if su* a m9d 7 to arise1 x w\ld necess>ily divide ! _w ( criticism into two factions2 ! "o1 necess>ily ! l>ge/ & l\de/1 compos$ ( m5 incapable ( judg+ except by prec$5t1 ignorant ( g5]al tru?1 & acqua9t$ only ) su* p>ticul> tru?s z may h be5 illu/rat$ or po9t$ out to !m by =m] works1 :i* class w\ld ( c\rse be viol5t 9 vitup]ation1 & increase 9 animosity z ! ma/] dep>t$ f>!r f _! p>ticul> & preconceiv$ canons ( "r1--?us w\nd+ _! vanity by impugn+ _! judgm5t2 ! o!r1 necess>ily n>r[ ( numb]1 compos$ ( m5 ( g5]al k & unbiass$ habits ( ?\ght1 :o w\ld recognize 9 ! "w ( ! d>+ innovator a record & illu/ration ( facts be=e unseiz$1 :o w\ld ju/ly & c&idly e/imate ! value ( ! tru?s s r5d]$1 & w\ld increase 9 f]vor ( admiration z ! ma/] /rode f>!r & deep]1 & m d>+ly into dom9ions be=e unse>*$ or unkn[n2 yet dim9i%+ 9 multitude z !y increas$ 9 en?usiasm3 = by h[ mu* _! lead] became m impati5t 9 8 /ep--m impetu\s 9 8 success--m exalt$ 9 8 rese>*1 by s mu* mu/ ! numb] capable ( foll[+ him become n>r[]1 until at la/1 suppos+ him nev] to pause 9 8 advance1 he might be left 9 ! v culm9at+ mom5t ( 8 consummate a*ievem5t1 ) b a fai?ful few by 8 side1 8 =m] disciples fall5 away1 8 =m] enemies d\bl$ 9 numb]s & virul5ce1 & ! evid5ce ( 8 supremacy only to be wr\ght out by ! devotion ( m5's lives to ! e>ne/ /udy ( ! new tru?s he _h discov]$ & record$4 ,su* a m9d has aris5 9 our days4 ,x has gone on f /r5g? to /r5g?1 lay+ op5 fields ( conque/ peculi> to itself4 ,x has occasion$ su* s*ism 9 ! s*ools ( criticism z 0 be=eh& to be expect$1 & x is n[ at ! z5i? ( its p[]1 &1 consequ5tly1 9 ! la/ phase ( decl9+ popul>ity4 ,?is ,i "k1 & c prove4 ,no man1 says ,s\!y1 0 ev] yet conv9c$ ( any mom5t\s tru? )\t feel+ 9 himself ! p[]1 z well z ! desire ( communicat+ x4 ,9 ass]t+ & demon/rat+ ! supremacy ( ?is great ma/]1 ,i %all bo? d imm$iate s]vice to ! cause ( "r art1 & %all be able to illu/rate _m pr9ciples ( l&scape pa9t+ :i* are ( g5]al application1 & h hi!rto be5 unackn[l$g$4 ,= any?+ l imm$iate effect on ! public m9d1 ,i d n hope4 ,we mi/ake m5's diseases1 says ,ri*>d ,baxt]1 :5 we ?9k !re ne$e? no?+ to cure !m ( _! errors b ! evid5ce ( tru?4 ,alas6 !re are _m di/emp]s ( m9d to be remov$ be=e !y receive t evid5ce4 ,nev]!less1 :5 x is fully laid be=e !m1 my duty w be done4 ,conviction w foll[ 9 due "t4 ,i d n consid] myself z 9 any way address+1 or hav+ to d )1 ! ord9>y critics ( ! press4 ,_! writ+s are n ! guide1 b ! expression1 ( public op9ion4 ,a writ] = a newspap] naturally & necess>ily endeavors to meet1 z ne>ly z he c1 ! feel+s ( ! majority ( 8 read]s2 8 bread dep5ds on 8 do+ s4 ,preclud$ by ! nature ( 8 occupations f ga9+ any k ( art1 he is sure t he c ga9 cr$it = x by express+ ! op9ions ( 8 read]s4 ,he mocks ! picture :i* ! public pass1 & bespatt]s ) praise ! canvas :i* a cr[d conceal$ f him4 ,writ]s l ! pres5t critic ( ,blackwood's ,magaz9e,c des]ve m respect--! respect due to hone/1 hopeless1 helpless imbecility4 ,!re is some?+ exalt$ 9 ! innoc5ce ( _! feeblem9d$ness3 "o _c suspect !m ( p>tiality1 = x implies feel+2 nor ( prejudice1 = x implies "s previ\s acqua9tance ) _! subject4 ,i d n "k t ev5 9 ?is age ( *>latanry1 ,i c\ld po9t to a m b>efac$ in/ance ( impo/ure on ! simplicity ( ! public1 ?an ! ins]tion ( ^! pieces ( criticism 9 a respectable p]iodical4 ,we are n insult$ ) op9ions on music f p]sons ignorant ( its notes2 nor ) treatises on philology by p]sons unacqua9t$ ) ! alphabet2 b "h is page aft] page ( criticism1 :i* "o may read f end to end1 look+ = some?+ :i* ! writ] kn[s1 & f9d+ no?+4 ,n 8 own language1 = he has to look 9 8 diction>y1 by 8 own confession1 = a ^w,d occurr+ 9 "o ( ! mo/ important *apt]s ( 8 ,bible2 n ! commone/ traditions ( ! s*ools1 = he does n "k :y ,p\ss9 0 call$ le>n$2,e n ! mo/ simple canons ( art1 = he pref]s ,lee to ,ga9sbor\gh2,f n ! mo/ ord9>y facts ( nature1 = we f9d him puzzl$ by ! epi!t silv]1 z appli$ to ! orange blossom1--evid5tly nev] hav+ se5 any?+ silv]y ab\t an orange 9 8 life1 except a spoon4 ,nay1 he leaves u n to conjecture 8 calibre f int]nal evid5ce2 he c&idly tells u 7,oct4 #ahdb7 t he has be5 /udy+ trees only = ! la/ week1 & bases 8 critical rem>ks *iefly on 8 practical exp]i5ce ( bir*4 ,m dis9t]e/$ ?an our fri5d ,san*o1 he w\ld dis5*ant ! public f ! magic ( ,turn] by virtue ( 8 own flagellation2 ,xan?ias-l1 he w\ld rob 8 ma/] ( immortality by 8 own p[]s ( endurance4 ,:at is ,*ri/oph] ,nor? ab\t8 ,does he receive 8 critiques f ,eaton or ,h>r[--bas$ on ! exp]i5ce ( a week's birds'-ne/+ & its consequ5ces8 ,h[ l[ mu/ art & its int]e/s s9k1 :5 ! public m9d is inadequate to ! detection ( ?is effront]y ( incapacity6 ,9 all k9dness to ,maga1 we w>n h]1 t1 ?\gh ! nature ( ?is "w precludes u f devot+ space to ! exposure1 !re may come a "t :5 ! public %all be !mselves able to di/+ui% ribaldry f reason+1 & may require "s bett] & high] qualifications 9 _! critics ( art1 ?an ! exp]i5ce ( a s*ool-boy1 & ! capacities ( a buffoon4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 m]ely to v9dicate ! reputation ( ^? :om writ]s l ^! defame1 :i* w\ld b be to anticipate by a few ye>s ! natural & inevitable reaction ( ! public m9d1 t ,i am devot+ ye>s ( labor to ! developm5t ( ! pr9ciples on :i* ! great productions ( rec5t art are bas$4 ,i h a high] end 9 view--"o :i* may1 ,i ?9k1 ju/ify me1 n only 9 ! sacrifice ( my own "t1 b 9 call+ on my read]s to foll[ me ?r\gh an inve/igation f> m labori\s ?an c\ld be adequately rew>d$ by m]e insight into ! m]its ( a p>ticul> ma/]1 or ! _s ( a p>ticul> age4 ,x is a "q :i*1 9 spite ( ! claims ( ,pa9t+ to be call$ ! ,si/] ( ,poetry1 appe>s to me to admit ( consid]able d\bt1 :e!r art has ev]1 except 9 its e>lie/ & rude/ /ages1 possess$ any?+ l effici5t moral influ5ce on mank9d4 ,bett] ! /ate ( ,rome :5 magnorum artificum frangebat pocula miles1 ut phal]is gaud]et equus1 ?an :5 h] walls fla%$ ) ! m>ble & ! gold1 nec cessabat luxuria id ag]e1 ut quam plurimum inc5diis p]dat4 ,bett] ! /ate ( religion 9 ,italy1 be=e ,giotto _h brok5 on "o b>b>ism ( ! ,byzant9e s*ools1 ?an :5 ! pa9t] ( ! ,la/ ,judgm5t1 & ! sculptor ( ! ,p]seus1 sat revell+ side by side4 ,x appe>s to me t a rude symbol is (t5] m effici5t ?an a ref9$ "o 9 t\*+ ! he>t1 & t z pictures rise 9 rank z works ( art1 !y are reg>d$ ) less devotion & m curiosity4 ,b1 h[ev] ?is may be1 & :atev] influ5ce we may be dispos$ to admit 9 ! great works ( sacr$ art1 no d\bt c1 ,i ?9k1 be reasonably ent]ta9$ z to ! utt] inutility ( all t has be5 hi!rto accompli%$ by ! pa9t]s ( l&scape4 ,no moral end has be5 answ]$1 no p]man5t good effect$1 by any ( _! works4 ,!y may h amus$ ! intellect1 or ex]cis$ ! +5uity1 b !y nev] h spok5 to ! he>t4 ,l&scape art has nev] taught u "o deep or holy lesson2 x has n record$ t :i* is fleet+1 nor p5etrat$ t :i* 0 hidd51 nor int]pret$ t :i* 0 obscure2 x has nev] made u feel ! wond]1 nor ! p[]1 nor ! glory1 ( ! univ]se2 x has n prompt$ to devotion1 nor t\*$ ) awe2 its p[] to move & exalt ! he>t has be5 fatally abus$1 & p]i%$ 9 ! abus+4 ,t :i* ought to h be5 a witness to ! omnipot5ce ( ,god1 has become an exhibition ( ! dext]ity ( man1 & t :i* %\ld h lift$ our ?\ghts to ! ?rone ( ! ,deity1 has encumb]$ !m ) ! inv5tions ( 8 creatures4 ,if we /& = a little "t be=e any ( ! m celebrat$ works ( l&scape1 li/5+ to ! comm5ts ( ! pass]s-by1 we %all he> numb]less expressions relat+ to ! skill ( ! arti/1 b v few relat+ to ! p]fection ( nature4 ,hundr$s w be voluble 9 admiration1 = "o :o w be sil5t 9 delight4 ,multitudes w laud ! composition1 & dep>t ) ! praise ( ,claude on _! lips1--n "o w feel z if x 7 no composition1 & dep>t ) ! praise ( ,god 9 8 he>t4 ,^! are ! signs ( a debas$1 mi/ak51 & false s*ool ( pa9t+4 ,! skill ( ! arti/1 & ! p]fection ( 8 art1 are nev] prov$ until bo? are =gott54 ,! arti/ has done no?+ till he has conceal$ himself1--! art is imp]fect :i* is visible1--! feel+s are b feebly t\*$1 if !y p]mit u to reason on ! me?ods ( _! excitem5t4 ,9 ! read+ ( a great poem1 9 ! he>+ ( a noble oration1 x is ! subject ( ! writ]1 & n 8 skill1--8 passion1 n 8 p[]1 on :i* our m9ds are fix$4 ,we see z he sees1 b we see n him4 ,we become "p ( him1 feel ) him1 judge1 behold ) him2 b we ?9k ( him z little z ( ourselves4 ,d we ?9k ( ,aes*ylus :ile we wait on ! sil5ce ( ,cass&ra1,g or ( ,%akspe>e1 :ile we li/5 to ! wail+ ( ,le>8 ,n s4 ,! p[] ( ! ma/]s is %[n by _! self-annihilation4 ,x is comm5surate ) ! degree 9 :i* !y !mselves appe> n 9 _! "w4 ,! h>p ( ! m9/rel is untruly t\*$1 if 8 own glory is all t x records4 ,e great writ] may be at once kn[n by 8 guid+ ! m9d f> f himself1 to ! beauty :i* is n ( 8 creation1 & ! k :i* is pa/ 8 f9d+ out4 ,& mu/ x ev] be o!rwise ) pa9t+1 = o!rwise x has ev] be54 ,h] subjects h be5 reg>d$ z m]e !mes on :i* ! arti/'s p[] is to be display$2 & t p[]1 be x ( imitation1 composition1 idealization1 or ( :atev] o!r k9d1 is ! *ief object ( ! spectator's obs]vation4 ,x is man & 8 fancies1 man & 8 trick]ies1 man & 8 inv5tions1--poor1 paltry1 weak1 self-sight$ man1--:i* ! connoisseur =ev] seeks & wor%ips4 ,among pot%]ds & dunghills1 among drunk5 boors & )]$ beldames1 ?r\gh e sc5e ( debau*]y & degradation1 we foll[ ! err+ arti/1 n to receive "o :olesome lesson1 n to be t\*$ ) pity1 nor mov$ ) indignation1 b to wat* ! dext]ity ( ! p5cil1 & gloat ov] ! glitt]+ ( ! hue4 ,i speak n only ( ! works ( ! ,flemi% ,s*ool--,i wage no w> ) _! admir]s2 !y may be left 9 peace to c\nt ! spiculae ( hay/acks & ! hairs ( donkeys--x is also ( works ( real m9d t ,i speak1--works 9 :i* !re are evid5ces ( g5ius & work+s ( p[]1--works :i* h be5 held up z conta9+ all ( ! beautiful t art c rea* or man conceive4 ,& ,i ass]t ) sorr[1 t all hi!rto done 9 l&scape1 by ^? commonly conceiv$ its ma/]s1 has nev] prompt$ "o holy ?\ght 9 ! m9ds ( nations4 ,x has begun & end$ 9 exhibit+ ! dext]ities ( individuals1 & conv5tionalities ( sy/ems4 ,fill+ ! _w ) ! honor ( ,claude & ,salvator1 x has nev] once t5d$ to ! honor ( ,god4 ,does ! read] />t 9 read+ ^! la/ words1 z if !y 7 ^? ( wild en?usiasm1--z if ,i 7 l[]+ ! dignity ( religion by suppos+ t its cause c\ld be advanc$ by su* means8 ,8 surprise proves my position4 ,x does s\nd l wild1 l absurd en?usiasm1 to expect any def9ite moral ag5cy 9 ! pa9t]s ( l&scape2 b ought x s to s\nd8 ,are ! gorge\sness ( ! visible hue1 ! glory ( ! realiz$ =m1 in/rum5ts 9 ! arti/'s h& s ineffective1 t !y c answ] no nobl] purpose ?an ! amusem5t ( curiosity1 or ! engagem5t ( idl5ess8 ,mu/ x n be ow+ to gross neglect or misapplication ( ! means at 8 comm&1 t :ile words & tones 7means ( repres5t+ nature surely less p[]ful ?an l9es & colors7 c k9dle & purify ! v inmo/ s\ls ( m51 ! pa9t] c only hope to ent]ta9 by 8 ef=ts at expression1 & mu/ rema9 =ev] brood+ ov] 8 incommunicable ?\ghts8 ,! cause ( ! evil lies1 ,i believe1 deep-seat$ 9 ! sy/em ( anci5t l&scape art2 x consi/s1 9 a ^w1 9 ! pa9t]'s tak+ ^u him to modify ,god's works at 8 pleasure1 ca/+ ! %ad[ ( himself on all he sees1 con/itut+ himself arbit] :]e x is honor to be a disciple1 & exhibit+ 8 +5uity by ! atta9m5t ( comb9ations ^: highe/ praise is t !y are impossible4 ,we %all n pass ?r\gh a s+le gall]y ( old art1 )\t he>+ ?is topic ( praise confid5tly advanc$4 ,! s5se ( artificialness1 ! abs5ce ( all appe>ance ( reality1 ! clums9ess ( comb9ation by :i* ! m$dl+ ( man is made evid5t1 & ! feebl5ess ( 8 h& br&$ on ! inorganization ( 8 mon/r\s creature1 is advanc$ z a pro( ( inv5tive p[]1 z an evid5ce ( ab/ract$ conception2--nay1 ! violation ( specific =m1 ! utt] ab&onm5t ( all organic & individual "* ( object1 7numb]less examples ( :i* f ! works ( ! old ma/]s are giv5 9 ! foll[+ pages17 is con/antly held up by ! un?9k+ critic z ! f\ndation ( ! gr& or hi/orical /yle1 & ! fir/ /ep to ! atta9m5t ( a pure ideal4 ,n[1 !re is b "o gr& /yle1 9 ! treatm5t ( all subjects :atsoev]1 & t /yle is bas$ on ! p]fect k1 & consi/s 9 ! simple1 un5cumb]$ r5d]+1 ( ! specific *>act]s ( ! giv5 object1 be x man1 bea/1 or fl[]4 ,e *ange1 c>icature1 or ab&onm5t ( su* specific "*1 is z de/ructive ( gr&eur z x is ( tru?1 ( beauty z ( propriety4 ,e alt]ation ( ! features ( nature has its orig9 ei!r 9 p[]less indol5ce or bl9d audacity1 9 ! folly :i* =gets1 or ! insol5ce :i* desecrates1 works :i* x is ! pride ( angels to "k1 & _! privilege to love4 ,we sometimes he> su* infr+em5t ( univ]sal laws ju/ifi$ on ! plea1 t ! frequ5t introduction ( my?ological ab/ractions into anci5t l&scape requires an imag9>y "* ( =m 9 ! mat]ial objects ) :i* !y are associat$4 ,some?+ ( ?is k9d is h9t$ 9 ,reynolds's #ad? ,disc\rse2 b no?+ c be m false ?an su* reason+4 ,if !re be any tru? or beauty 9 ! orig9al conception ( ! spiritual be+ s introduc$1 !re mu/ be a true & real connection betwe5 t ab/ract idea,h & ! features ( nature z %e 0 & is4 ,! woods & wat]s :i* 7 peopl$ by ! ,greek ) typical life 7 n diff]5t f ^? :i* n[ wave & murmur by ! ru9s ( 8 %r9es4 ,) _! visible & actual =ms 0 8 imag9ation fill$1 & ! beauty ( its inc>nate creatures c only be und]/ood among ! pure realities :i* orig9ally modell$ _! conception4 ,if div9ity be /amp$ ^u ! features1 or app>5t 9 ! =m ( ! spiritual creature1 ! m9d w n be %ock$ by its appe>+ to ride ^u ! :irlw9d1 & trample on ! /orm2 b if mortality1 no violation ( ! *>act]s ( ! e>? w =ge "o s+le l9k to b9d x to ! heav54 ,is !re !n no su* ?+ z elevat$ ideal "* ( l&scape8 ,und\bt$ly2 & ,sir ,jo%ua1 ) ! great ma/] ( ?is "*1 ,nicolo ,p\ss91 pres5t to 8 ?\ghts1 ought to h arriv$ at m true conclusions respect+ its ess5ce ?an1 z we %all pres5tly see1 are d$ucible f 8 works4 ,! true ideal ( l&scape is precisely ! same z t ( ! human =m2 x is ! expression ( ! specific--n ! individual1 b ! specific--*>act]s ( e object1 9 _! p]fection2 !re is an ideal =m ( e h]b1 fl[]1 & tree3 x is t =m to :i* e individual ( ! species has a t5d5cy to arrive1 fre$ f ! influ5ce ( accid5t or disease4 ,e l&scape pa9t] %\ld "k ! specific *>act]s ( e object he has to repres5t1 rock1 fl[]1 or cl\d2 & 9 8 highe/ ideal works1 all _! di/9ctions w be p]fectly express$1 broadly or delicately1 slightly or completely1 accord+ to ! nature ( ! subject1 & ! degree ( att5tion :i* is to be drawn to ! p>ticul> object by ! "p x plays 9 ! composition4 ,:]e ! sublime is aim$ at1 su* di/9ctions w be indicat$ ) sev]e simplicity1 z ! muscul> m>k+s 9 a colossal /atue2 :]e beauty is ! object1 !y mu/ be express$ ) ! utmo/ ref9em5t ( :i* ! h& is capable4 ,?is may s\nd l a contradiction ( pr9ciples advanc$ by ! highe/ au?orities2 b x is only a contradiction ( a p>ticul> & mo/ mi/ak5 application ( !m4 ,mu* evil has be5 done to art by ! rem>ks ( hi/orical pa9t]s on l&scape4 ,accu/om$ !mselves to treat _! backgr\nds slightly & boldly1 & feel+ 7?\gh1 z ,i %all pres5tly %[1 only 9 consequ5ce ( _! own defici5t p[]s7 t any approa* to complet5ess ( detail !re91 injures _! picture by int]f]+ ) its pr9cipal subject1 !y naturally lose sight ( ! peculi> & intr9sic beauties ( ?+s :i* to !m are injuri\s1 unless subord9ate4 ,h5ce ! frequ5t advice giv5 by ,reynolds & o!rs1 to neglect specific =m 9 l&scape1 & treat its mat]ials 9 l>ge masses1 aim+ only at g5]al tru?s1--! flexibility ( foliage1 b n its k9d2 ! rigidity ( rock1 b n its m9]al "*4 ,9 ! passage m especially be>+ on ?is subject 79 ! elev5? lecture ( ,sir ,j4 ,reynolds71 we are told t ! l&scape pa9t] works n = ! virtuoso or ! naturali/1 b = ! g5]al obs]v] ( life & nature4 ,?is is true1 9 precisely ! same s5se t ! sculptor does n "w = ! anatomi/1 b = ! common obs]v] ( life & nature4 ,yet ! sculptor is n1 = ?is reason1 p]mitt$ to be want+ ei!r 9 k or expression ( anatomical detail2 & ! m ref9$ t expression c be r5d]$1 ! m p]fect is 8 "w4 ,t :i*1 to ! anatomi/1 is ! end1--is1 to ! sculptor1 ! means4 ,! =m] desires details1 = _! own sake2 ! latt]1 t by means ( !m1 he may k9dle 8 "w ) life1 & /amp x ) beauty4 ,& s 9 l&scape2--botanical or geological details are n to be giv5 z matt] ( curiosity or subject ( se>*1 b z ! ultimate elem5ts ( e species ( expression & ord] ( lovel9ess4 ,9 8 obs]vations on ! =egr\nd ( ! ,/4 ,pietro ,m>tire1 ,sir ,jo%ua advances1 z matt] ( praise1 t ! plants are discrim9at$ j z mu* z 0 necess>y = v>iety1 & no m4 ,_h ?is =egr\nd be5 occupi$ by a gr\p ( animals1 we %\ld h be5 surpris$ to be told t ! lion1 ! s]p5t1 & ! dove1 or :atev] o!r creatures might h be5 introduc$1 7 di/+ui%$ f ea* o!r j z mu* z 0 necess>y = v>iety1 & no m4 ,yet is x to be suppos$ t ! di/9ctions ( ! vegetable _w are less complete1 less ess5tial1 or less div9e 9 orig91 ?an ^? ( ! animal8 ,if ! di/9ctive =ms ( animal life are meant = our rev]5t obs]vance1 is x likely t ^? ( vegetable life are made m]ely to be swept away8 ,! latt] are inde$ less obvi\s & less obtrusive2 = :i* v reason !re is less excuse = omitt+ !m1 because !re is less dang] ( _! di/urb+ ! att5tion or engag+ ! fancy4 ,b ,sir ,jo%ua is z inaccurate 9 fact1 z false 9 pr9ciple4 ,he himself furni%es a mo/ s+ul> in/ance ( ! v error ( :i* he accuses ,vas5i1--! see+ :at he expects2 or1 r1 9 ! pres5t case1 n see+ :at he does n expect4 ,! great ma/]s ( ,italy1 almo/ )\t exception1 & ,titian p]haps m ?an any1 7= he _h ! highe/ k ( l&scape17 are 9 ! con/ant habit ( r5d]+ e detail ( _! =egr\nds ) ! mo/ labori\s botanical fidelity3 witness ! ,bac*us & ,ariadne1 9 :i* ! =egr\nd is occupi$ by ! common blue iris1 ! aquilegia1 & ! wild rose2 e /am5 ( :i* latt] is giv51 :ile ! blossoms & leaves ( ! columb9e 7a difficult fl[] to draw7 h be5 /udi$ ) ! mo/ exquisite accuracy4 ,! =egr\nds ( ,raffaelle's two c>toons1--,! ,miracul\s ,draught ( ,fi%es & ,! ,*>ge to ,pet]1--are cov]$ ) plants ( ! common sea colewort1 7crambe m>itima17 ( :i* ! s9uat$ leaves & clu/]$ blossoms w\ld h exhau/$ ! pati5ce ( any o!r arti/2 b h appe>$ wor?y ( prolong$ & ?\ghtful labor to ! great m9d ( ,raffaelle4 ,x appe>s !n1 n only f natural pr9ciples1 b f ! highe/ ( all au?ority1 t ?or\gh k ( ! l[e/ details is necess>y & full expression ( !m "r1 ev5 9 ! highe/ class ( hi/orical pa9t+2 t x w n take away f1 nor int]f]e )1 ! int]e/ ( ! figures2 b1 rightly manag$1 mu/ add to & elucidate x2 &1 if fur!r pro( be want+1 ,i w\ld desire ! read] to comp>e ! backgr\nd ( ,sir ,jo%ua's ,holy ,family1 9 ! ,national ,gall]y1 ) t ( ,nicolo ,p\ss9's ,nurs+ ( ,jupit]1 9 ! ,dulwi* ,gall]y4 ,! fir/1 ow+ to ! utt] neglect ( all botanical detail1 has lo/ e atom ( ideal "*1 & rem9ds u ( no?+ b an ,engli% fa%ionable fl[] g>d52--! =mal p$e/al add+ consid]ably to ! effect4 ,p\ss9's1 9 :i* e v9e leaf is drawn ) consummate skill & untir+ dilig5ce1 produces n only a tree gr\p ( ! mo/ p]fect grace & beauty1 b "o :i*1 9 its pure & simple tru?1 belongs to e age ( nature1 & adapts itself to ! hi/ory ( all "t4 ,if1 !n1 su* entire r5d]+ ( specific "* be necess>y to ! hi/orical pa9t]1 9 cases :]e ^! l[] details are entirely subord9ate to 8 human subject1 h[ mu* m mu/ x be necess>y 9 l&scape1 :]e !y !mselves con/itute ! subject1 & :]e ! undivid$ att5tion is to be drawn to !m4 ,!re is a s+ul> s5se 9 :i* ! *ild may peculi>ly be said to be fa!r ( ! man4 ,9 _m arts & atta9m5ts1 ! fir/ & la/ /ages ( progress--! infancy & ! consummation--h _m features 9 common2 :ile ! int]m$iate /ages are :olly unlike ei!r1 & are f>!/ f ! "r4 ,?us x is 9 ! progress ( a pa9t]'s h&l+4 ,we see ! p]fect *ild1--! absolute beg9n]1 us+ ( necessity a brok51 imp]fect1 inadequate l9e1 :i*1 z he advances1 becomes gradually firm1 sev]e1 & decid$4 ,yet be=e he becomes a p]fect arti/1 ?is sev]ity & decision w aga9 be ex*ang$ = a light & c>eless /roke1 :i* 9 _m po9ts w f> m resemble t ( 8 *ildhood ?an ( 8 middle age--diff]+ f x only by ! consummate effect wr\ght out by ! app>5tly inadequate means4 ,s x is 9 _m matt]s ( op9ion4 ,our fir/ & la/ co9cide1 ?\gh on diff]5t gr\nds2 x is ! middle /age :i* is f>!/ f ! tru?4 ,*ildhood (t5 holds a tru? ) its feeble f+]s1 :i* ! grasp ( manhood _c reta91--:i* x is ! pride ( utmo/ age to recov]4 ,p]haps ?is is 9 no in/ance m rem>kable ?an 9 ! op9ion we =m ^u ! subject ( detail 9 works ( art4 ,infants 9 judgm5t1 we look = specific "*1 & complete f9i%--we delight 9 ! fai?ful plumage ( ! well-kn[n bird--9 ! f9ely drawn leafage ( ! discrim9at$ fl[]4 ,z we advance 9 judgm5t1 we scorn su* detail altoge!r2 we look = impetuosity ( execution1 & bread? ( effect4 ,b1 p]fect$ 9 judgm5t1 we return 9 a great measure to our e>ly feel+s1 & ?ank ,raffaelle = ! %ells ^u 8 sacr$ bea*1 & = ! delicate /am5s ( ! h]bage beside 8 inspir$ ,/4 ,ca!r9e4,i ,( ^? :o take int]e/ 9 art1 nay1 ev5 ( arti/s !mselves1 !re are an hundr$ 9 ! middle /age ( judgm5t1 = "o :o is 9 ! la/2 & ?is n because !y are de/itute ( ! p[] to discov]1 or ! s5sibility to enjoy ! tru?1 b because ! tru? be>s s mu* semblance ( error--! la/ /age ( ! j\rney to ! fir/1--t e feel+ :i* guides to x is *eck$ 9 its orig94 ,! rapid & p[]ful arti/ necess>ily looks ) su* contempt on ^? :o seek m9utiae ( detail r ?an gr&eur ( impression1 t x is almo/ impossible = him to conceive ( ! great la/ /ep 9 art1 by :i* bo? become compatible4 ,he has s (t5 to da% ! delicacy out ( ! pupil's "w1 & to blot ! details f 8 encumb]$ canvas2 s frequ5tly to lam5t ! loss ( bread? & unity1 & s seldom to repreh5d ! imp]fection ( m9utiae1 t he necess>ily looks ^u complete p>ts z ! v sign ( error1 weakness1 & ignorance4 ,?us1 frequ5tly to ! late/ p]iod ( 8 life1 he sep>ates1 l ,sir ,jo%ua1 z *ief enemies1 ! details & ! :ole1 :i* an arti/ _c be great unless he reconciles2 & because details alone1 & unref]r$ to a f9al purpose1 are ! sign ( a tyro's "w1 he loses sight ( ! remot] tru?1 t details p]fect 9 unity1 &1 contribut+ to a f9al purpose1 are ! sign ( ! production ( a consummate ma/]4 ,x is n1 !re=e1 detail s\ght = its own sake1--n ! calculable bricks ( ! ,dut* h\se-pa9t]s1 nor ! numb]$ hairs & mapp$ wr9kles ( ,d5n]1 :i* con/itute great art1--!y are ! l[e/ & mo/ contemptible art2 b x is detail ref]r$ to a great end1--s\ght = ! sake ( ! ine/imable beauty :i* exi/s 9 ! slighte/ & lea/ ( ,god's works1 & treat$ 9 a manly1 broad1 & impressive mann]4 ,!re may be z mu* greatness ( m9d1 z mu* nobility ( mann] 9 a ma/]'s treatm5t ( ! smalle/ features1 z 9 8 managem5t ( ! mo/ va/2 & ?is greatness ( mann] *iefly consi/s 9 seiz+ ! specific "* ( ! object1 toge!r ) all ! great qualities ( beauty :i* x has 9 common ) high] ord]s ( exi/5ce1,j :ile he utt]ly rejects ! mean] beauties :i* are accid5tally peculi> to ! object1 & yet n specifically *>act]i/ic ( x4 ,i _c give a bett] in/ance ?an ! pa9t+ ( ! fl[]s 9 ,titian's picture above m5tion$4 ,:ile e /am5 ( ! rose is giv51 because ?is 0 necess>y to m>k ! fl[]1 & :ile ! curves & l>ge *>act]s ( ! leaves are r5d]$ ) exquisite fidelity1 !re is no ve/ige ( p>ticul> texture1 ( moss1 bloom1 moi/ure1 or any o!r accid5t--no dew-drops1 nor flies1 nor trick]ies ( any k9d2 no?+ beyond ! simple =ms & hues ( ! fl[]s1--ev5 ^? hues !mselves be+ simplifi$ & broadly r5d]$4 ,! v>ieties ( aquilegia h1 9 reality1 a grayi% & unc]ta9 tone ( color2 &1 ,i believe1 nev] atta9 ! int5se purity ( blue ) :i* ,titian has gift$ 8 fl[]4 ,b ! ma/] does n aim at ! p>ticul> color ( individual blossoms2 he seizes ! type ( all1 & gives x ) ! utmo/ purity & simplicity ( :i* color is capable4 ,^! laws be+ obs]v$1 x w n only be 9 ! p[]1 x w be ! duty1--! imp]ative duty1--( ! l&scape pa9t]1 to desc5d to ! l[e/ details ) undim9i%$ att5tion4 ,e h]b & fl[] ( ! field has its specific1 di/9ct1 & p]fect beauty2 x has its peculi> habitation1 expression1 & function4 ,! highe/ art is t :i* seizes ?is specific "*1 :i* develops & illu/rates x1 :i* assigns to x its prop] position 9 ! l&scape1 & :i*1 by means ( x1 enhances & en=ces ! great impression :i* ! picture is int5d$ to convey4 ,nor is x ( h]bs & fl[]s alone t su* sci5tific repres5tation is requir$4 ,e class ( rock1 e k9d ( e>?1 e =m ( cl\d1 mu/ be /udi$ ) equal indu/ry1 & r5d]$ ) equal precision4 ,& ?us we f9d ourselves unavoidably l$ to a conclusion directly oppos$ to t con/antly enunciat$ dogma ( ! p>rot-critic1 t ! features ( nature mu/ be g5]aliz$1--a dogma ^: inh]5t & broad absurdity w\ld long ago h be5 detect$1 if x _h n conta9$ 9 its conv5i5t falsehood an apology = indol5ce1 & a disguise = incapacity4 ,g5]aliz$6 ,z if x 7 possible to g5]alize ?+s g5]ically diff]5t4 ,( su* common cant ( criticism ,i extract a *>act]i/ic passage f "o ( ! reviews ( ?is "w1 t 9 ?is ye>'s ,a!naeum = ,febru>y #aj?3 ,he 7! au?or7 w\ld h geological l&scape pa9t]s1 d5drologic1 meteorologic1 & d\btless entomologic1 i*?yologic1 e k9d ( physiologic pa9t] unit$ 9 ! same p]son2 yet1 alas1 = true poetic art among all ^! le>n$ ,!bans6 ,no2 l&scape pa9t+ mu/ n be r$uc$ to m]e portraiture ( inanimate sub/ances1 ,d5n]-l portraiture ( ! e>?'s face4 99 99 99 99 99 ,anci5t l&scapi/s took a broad]1 deep]1 high] view ( _! art2 !y neglect$ p>ticul> traits1 & gave only g5]al features4 ,?us !y atta9$ mass & =ce1 h>moni\s union & simple effect1 ! elem5ts ( gr&eur & beauty4 ,to all su* criticism z ?is 7& ,i notice x only because x expresses ! feel+s into :i* _m s5sible & ?\ghtful m9ds h be5 fa%ion$ by infection7 ! answ] is simple & /raight=w>d4 ,x is j z impossible to g5]alize granite & slate1 z x is to g5]alize a man & a c[4 ,an animal mu/ be ei!r "o animal or ano!r animal2 x _c be a g5]al animal1 or x is no animal2 & s a rock mu/ be ei!r "o rock or ano!r rock2 x _c be a g5]al rock1 or x is no rock4 ,if !re 7 a creature 9 ! =egr\nd ( a picture1 ( :i* he c\ld n decide :e!r x 7 a pony or a pig1 ! ,a!naeum critic w\ld p]haps affirm x to be a g5]alization ( pony & pig1 & consequ5tly a high example ( h>moni\s union & simple effect4 ,b ,i %\ld call x simple bad draw+4 ,& s :5 !re are ?+s 9 ! =egr\nd ( ,salvator ( :i* ,i _c pron\nce :e!r !y be granite or slate1 or tufa1 ,i affirm t !re is 9 !m nei!r h>moni\s union nor simple effect1 b simple mon/rosity4 ,!re is no gr&eur1 no beauty ( any sort or k9d2 no?+ b de/ruction1 disorganization1 & ru91 to be obta9$ by ! violation ( natural di/9ctions4 ,! elem5ts ( brutes c only mix 9 corruption1 ! elem5ts ( inorganic nature only 9 annihilation4 ,we may1 if we *oose1 put toge!r c5taur mon/]s2 b !y mu/ /ill be half man1 half horse2 !y _c be bo? man & horse1 nor ei!r man or horse4 ,& s1 if l&scape pa9t]s *oose1 !y may give u rocks :i* %all be half granite & half slate2 b !y _c give u rocks :i* %all be ei!r granite or slate1 nor :i* %all be bo? granite & slate4 ,e attempt to produce t :i* %all be any rock1 ends 9 ! production ( t :i* is no rock4 ,x is true t ! di/9ctions ( rocks & plants & cl\ds are less conspicu\s1 & less con/antly subjects ( obs]vation ?an ^? ( ! animal creation2 b ! difficulty ( obs]v+ !m proves n ! m]it ( ov]look+ !m4 ,x only acc\nts = ! s+ul> fact1 t ! _w has nev] yet se5 any?+ l a p]fect s*ool ( l&scape4 ,= j z ! highe/ hi/orical pa9t+ is bas$ on p]fect k ( ! work+s ( ! human =m1 & human m9d1 s mu/ ! highe/ l&scape pa9t+ be bas$ on p]fect cognizance ( ! =m1 functions1 & sy/em ( e organic or def9itely /ructur$ exi/5ce :i* x has to repres5t4 ,?is proposition is self-evid5t to e ?9k+ m9d2 & e pr9ciple :i* appe>s to contradict x is ei!r mis/at$ or misund]/ood4 ,= in/ance1 ! ,a!naeum critic calls ! "r /atem5t ( g5]ic diff]5ce ,d5n]-l portraiture4 ,if he c f9d any?+ l ,d5n] 9 :at ,i h advanc$ z ! utmo/ p]fection ( l&scape art--! rec5t works ( ,turn]--he is welcome to 8 discov]y & 8 !ory4 ,no2 ,d5n]-l portraiture w\ld be ! endeavor to pa9t ! sep>ate cry/als ( qu>tz & felsp> 9 ! granite1 & ! sep>ate flakes ( mica 9 ! mica slate1--an attempt j z f> remov$ f :at ,i ass]t to be great art1 7! bold r5d]+ ( ! g5]ic *>act]s ( =m 9 bo? rocks17 z mod]n sculpture ( lace & button-holes is f ! ,elg9 m>bles4 ,m>t9 has attempt$ ?is ,d5n]-l portraiture ( sea-foam ) ! assi/ance ( an acre ( canvas--) :at success1 ,i believe ! critics ( 8 la/ ye>'s ,canute _h1 = once1 s5se en\gh to decide4 ,aga91 x does n foll[ t because su* accurate k is necess>y to ! pa9t] t x %\ld con/itute ! pa9t]1 nor t su* k is valuable 9 itself1 & )\t ref]5ce to high ends4 ,e k9d ( k may be s\ght f ignoble motives1 & = ignoble ends2 & 9 ^? :o s possess x1 x is ignoble k2 :ile ! v same k is 9 ano!r m9d an atta9m5t ( ! highe/ dignity1 & convey+ ! greate/ bless+4 ,?is is ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! m]e botani/'s k ( plants1 & ! great poet's or pa9t]'s k ( !m4 ,! "o notes _! di/9ctions = ! sake ( swell+ 8 h]b>ium1 ! o!r1 t he may r5d] !m vehicles ( expression & emotion4 ,! "o c\nts ! /am5s1 & affixes a "n1 & is cont5t2 ! o!r obs]ves e "* ( ! plant's color & =m2 consid]+ ea* ( its attributes z an elem5t ( expression1 he seizes on its l9es ( grace or en]gy1 rigidity or repose2 notes ! feebl5ess or ! vigor1 ! s]5ity or tremul\sness ( its hues2 obs]ves its local habits1 its love or fe> ( peculi> places1 its n\ri%m5t or de/ruction by p>ticul> influ5ces2 he associates x 9 8 m9d ) all ! features ( ! situations x inhabits1 & ! m9i/]+ ag5cies necess>y to its support4 ,!nce=w>d ! fl[] is to him a liv+ creature1 ) hi/ories writt5 on its leaves1 & passions brea?+ 9 its motion4 ,its occurr5ce 9 8 picture is no m]e po9t ( color1 no mean+less sp>k ( light4 ,x is a voice ris+ f ! e>?1--a new *ord ( ! m9d's music1--a necess>y note 9 ! h>mony ( 8 picture1 contribut+ alike to its t5d]ness & its dignity1 nor less to its lovel9ess ?an its tru?4 ,! p>ticul>ization ( fl[]s by ,%akspe>e & ,%elley af=ds u ! mo/ frequ5t examples ( ! exalt$ use ( ^! inf]ior details4 ,x is true t ! pa9t] has n ! same p[] ( express+ ! ?\ghts ) :i* 8 symbols are connect$2 he is dep5d5t 9 "s degree on ! k & feel+ ( ! spectator2 b1 by ! de/ruction ( su* details1 8 =egr\nd is n r5d]$ m intelligible to ! ignorant1 al?\gh x ceases to h int]e/ = ! in=m$4 ,x is no excuse = illegible writ+ t !re are p]sons :o c\ld n h read x _h x be5 pla94 ,i repeat !n1 g5]alization1 z ! ^w is commonly und]/ood1 is ! act ( a vulg>1 incapable1 & un?9k+ m9d4 ,to see 9 all m\nta9s no?+ b simil> heaps ( e>?2 9 all rocks1 no?+ b simil> concretions ( solid matt]2 9 all trees1 no?+ b simil> accumulations ( leaves1 is no sign ( high feel+ or ext5d$ ?\ght4 ,! m we "k1 & ! m we feel1 ! m we sep>ate2 we sep>ate to obta9 a m p]fect unity4 ,/ones1 9 ! ?\ghts ( ! peasant1 lie z !y d on 8 field1 "o is l ano!r1 & !re is no connection betwe5 any ( !m4 ,! geologi/ di/+ui%es1 & 9 di/+ui%+ connects !m4 ,ea* becomes diff]5t f its fell[1 b 9 diff]+ f1 assumes a relation to its fell[2 !y are no m ea* ! repetition ( ! o!r1--!y are p>ts ( a sy/em1 & ea* implies & is connect$ ) ! exi/5ce ( ! re/4 ,t g5]alization !n is "r1 true1 & noble1 :i* is bas$ on ! k ( ! di/9ctions & obs]vance ( ! relations ( individual k9ds4 ,t g5]alization is wrong1 false1 & contemptible1 :i* is bas$ on ignorance ( ! "o1 & di/urbance ( ! o!r4 ,x is inde$ no g5]alization1 b confusion & *aos2 x is ! g5]alization ( a defeat$ army into indi/+ui%able impot5ce--! g5]alization ( ! elem5ts ( a dead c>cass into du/4 ,let u1 !n1 )\t f>!r notice ( ! dogmata ( ! s*ools ( art1 foll[ =? ^? conclusions to :i* we are l$ by obs]vance ( ! laws ( nature4 ,i h j said t e class ( rock1 e>? & cl\d1 mu/ be kn[n by ! pa9t]1 ) geologic & meteorologic accuracy4,k ,nor is ?is m]ely = ! sake ( obta9+ ! "* ( ^! m9or features !mselves1 b m especially = ! sake ( rea*+ t simple1 e>ne/1 & consi/5t "* :i* is visible 9 ! :ole effect ( e natural l&scape4 ,e geological =mation has features entirely peculi> to itself2 def9ite l9es ( fracture1 giv+ rise to fix$ resultant =ms ( rock & e>?2 peculi> vegetable products1 among :i* /ill f>!r di/9ctions are wr\ght out by v>iations ( climate & elevation4 ,f su* modify+ circum/ances arise ! inf9ite v>ieties ( ! ord]s ( l&scape1 ( :i* ea* "o %[s p]fect h>mony among its sev]al features1 & possesses an ideal beauty ( its own2 a beauty n di/+ui%$ m]ely by su* peculi>ities z are wr\ght on ! human =m by *ange ( climate1 b by g5]ic diff]5ces ! mo/ m>k$ & ess5tial2 s t its classes _c be g5]aliz$ or amalgamat$ by any exp$i5ts :atsoev]4 ,! level m>%es & ri* mead[s ( ! t]ti>y1 ! r\nd$ swells & %ort pa/ures ( ! *alk1 ! squ>e-built cliffs & clov5 dells ( ! l[] lime/one1 ! so>+ peaks & ridgy precipices ( ! prim>ies1 hav+ no?+ 9 common among !m--no?+ :i* is n di/9ctive & incommunicable4 ,_! v atmosph]es are diff]5t--_! cl\ds are diff]5t--_! humors ( /orm & sun%9e are diff]5t--_! fl[]s1 animals & =e/s are diff]5t4 ,by ea* ord] ( l&scape--& its ord]s1 ,i repeat1 are inf9ite 9 numb]1 correspond+ n only to ! sev]al species ( rock1 b to ! p>ticul> circum/ances ( ! rocks' deposition or aft] treatm5t1 & to ! incalculable v>ieties ( climate1 aspect1 & human int]f]5ce3--by ea* ord] ( l&scape1 ,i say1 peculi> lessons are int5d$ to be taught1 & di/9ct pleasures to be convey$2 & x is z utt]ly futile to talk ( g5]aliz+ _! impressions into an ideal l&scape1 z to talk ( amalgamat+ all n\ri%m5t into "o ideal food1 ga!r+ all music into "o ideal movem5t1 or conf\nd+ all ?\ght into "o ideal idea4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 su* a ?+ z composition ( diff]5t ord]s ( l&scape1 ?\gh !re c be no g5]alization ( !m4 ,nature h]self p]petually br+s toge!r elem5ts ( v>i\s expression4 ,h] b>r5 rocks /oop ?r\gh wood$ promontories to ! pla92 & ! wrea?s ( ! v9e %[ ?r\gh _! gre5 %ad[s ! wan light ( unp]i%+ sn[4 ,! pa9t]1 !re=e1 has ! *oice ( ei!r work+ out ! isolat$ "* ( "s "o di/9ct class ( sc5e1 or ( br++ toge!r a multitude ( diff]5t elem5ts1 :i* may adorn ea* o!r by contra/4 ,i believe t ! simple & uncomb9$ l&scape1 if wr\ght out ) due att5tion to ! ideal beauty ( ! features x includes1 w always be ! mo/ p[]ful 9 its appeal to ! he>t4 ,contra/ increases ! spl5dor ( beauty1 b x di/urbs its influ5ce2 x adds to its attractiv5ess1 b dim9i%es its p[]4 ,on ?is subject ,i %all h mu* to say h]eaft]2 at pres5t ,i m]ely wi% to sugge/ ! possibility1 t ! s+le-m9d$ pa9t]1 :o is work+ out on broad & simple pr9ciples1 a piece ( unbrok51 h>moni\s l&scape "*1 may be rea*+ an end 9 art q z high z ! m ambiti\s /ud5t :o is always )9 five m9utes' walk ( ev]y:]e1 mak+ ! ends ( ! e>? contribute to 8 pictorial guazzetto2,l & ! c]ta9ty1 t unless ! composition ( ! latt] be regulat$ by sev]e judgm5t1 & its memb]s connect$ by natural l9ks1 x mu/ become m contemptible 9 its motley1 ?an an hone/ /udy ( roadside we$s4 ,let me1 at ! risk ( t$i\sly repeat+ :at is univ]sally kn[n1 ref] to ! common pr9ciples ( hi/orical composition1 9 ord] t ,i may %[ _! application to t ( l&scape4 ,! m]e/ tyro 9 art kn[s t e figure :i* is unnecess>y to 8 picture1 is an encumbrance to x1 & t e figure :i* does n sympa?ize ) ! action1 int]rupts x4 ,he t ga!re? n ) me1 scatt]e?1--is1 or ought to be1 ! rul+ pr9ciple ( 8 plan3 & ! p[] & gr&eur ( 8 result w be exactly proportion$ to ! unity ( feel+ manife/$ 9 its sev]al p>ts1 & to ! propriety & simplicity ( ! relations 9 :i* !y /& to ea* o!r4 ,all ?is is equally applicable to ! mat]ials ( inanimate nature4 ,impressiv5ess is de/roy$ by a multitude ( contradictory facts1 & ! accumulation1 :i* is n h>moni\s1 is discordant4 ,he :o endeavors to unite simplicity ) magnific5ce1 to guide f solitude to fe/ivity1 & to contra/ melan*oly ) mir?1 mu/ end by ! production ( confus$ inanity4 ,!re is a peculi> _s2 possess$ by e k9d ( sc5e2 & al?\gh a po9t ( contra/ may sometimes enhance & exhibit ?is p>ticul> feel+ m int5sely1 x mu/ be only a po9t1 n an equaliz$ opposition4 ,e introduction ( new & diff]5t feel+ weak5s ! =ce ( :at has already be5 impress$1 & ! m+l+ ( all emotions mu/ conclude 9 apa?y1 z ! m+l+ ( all colors 9 :ite4 ,let u te/ by ^! simple rules "o ( ! ideal l&scape compositions ( ,claude1 t kn[n to ! ,italians z ,il ,mul9o4 ,! =egr\nd is a piece ( v lovely & p]fect =e/ sc5]y1 ) a dance ( peasants by a brookside2 q en\gh subject to =m1 9 ! h&s ( a ma/]1 an impressive & complete picture4 ,on ! o!r side ( ! brook1 h[ev]1 we h a piece ( pa/oral life1 a man ) "s bulls & goats tumbl+ head=emo/ into ! wat]1 ow+ to "s sudd5 p>alytic affection ( all _! legs4 ,ev5 ?is gr\p is "o too _m2 ! %eph]d _h no bus9ess to drive 8 flock s ne> ! danc]s1 & ! danc]s w c]ta9ly fright5 ! cattle4 ,b :5 we look f>!r into ! picture1 our feel+s receive a sudd5 & viol5t %ock1 by ! unexpect$ appe>ance1 amid/ ?+s pa/oral & musical1 ( ! milit>y3 a numb] ( ,roman soldi]s rid+ 9 on hobby-horses1 ) a lead] on foot1 app>5tly enc\rag+ !m to make an imm$iate & decisive *>ge on ! musicians4 ,beyond ! soldi]s is a circul> temple1 9 exce$+ly bad repair1 & close beside x1 built aga9/ its v walls1 a neat wat]-mill 9 full "w4 ,by ! mill fl[s a l>ge riv]1 ) a weir all across x4 ,! weir has n be5 made = ! mill1 7= t receives its wat] f ! hills by a tr\gh c>ri$ ov] ! temple17 b x is p>ticul>ly ugly & monoton\s 9 its l9e ( fall1 & ! wat] bel[ =ms a dead-look+ pond1 on :i* "s p are fi%+ 9 punts4 ,! banks ( ?is riv] resemble 9 cont\r ! lat] geological =mations ar\nd ,london1 con/itut$ *iefly ( brok5 pots & oy/]-%ells4 ,at an inconv5i5t di/ance f ! wat]-side /&s a city1 compos$ ( tw5ty-five r\nd t[]s & a pyramid4 ,beyond ! city is a h&some bridge2 beyond ! bridge1 "p ( ! ,campagna1 ) fragm5ts ( aqu$ucts2 beyond ! ,campagna1 ! *a9 ( ! ,alps2 on ! left1 ! cascades ( ,tivoli4 ,?is is1 ,i believe1 a fair example ( :at is commonly call$ an ideal l&scape1 i4e41 a gr\p ( ! arti/'s /udies f nature1 individually spoil$1 select$ ) su* opposition ( "* z may insure _! neutraliz+ ea* o!r's effect1 & unit$ ) suffici5t unnaturalness & viol5ce ( association to insure _! produc+ a g5]al s5sation ( ! impossible4 ,let u analyze ! sep>ate subjects a little 9 ?is ideal "w ( ,claude's4 ,p]haps !re is no m impressive sc5e on e>? ?an ! solit>y ext5t ( ! ,campagna ( ,rome "u ev5+ light4 ,let ! read] imag9e himself = a mom5t )drawn f ! s\nds & motion ( ! liv+ _w1 & s5t =? alone into ?is wild & wa/$ pla94 ,! e>? yields & crumbles b5ea? 8 foot1 tread he nev] s lightly1 = its sub/ance is :ite1 holl[1 & c>i\s1 l ! du/y wreck ( ! bones ( m54,m ,! long knott$ grass waves & tosses feebly 9 ! ev5+ w9d1 & ! %ad[s ( its motion %ake fev]i%ly along ! banks ( ru9 t lift !mselves to ! sunlight4 ,hillocks ( m\ld]+ e>? heave ar\nd him1 z if ! dead b5ea? 7 /ruggl+ 9 _! sleep2 scatt]$ blocks ( black /one1 f\r-squ>e1 remnants ( mighty edifices1 n "o left ^u ano!r1 lie ^u !m to keep !m d[n4 ,a dull purple1 poison\s haze /ret*es level along ! des]t1 veil+ its spectral wrecks ( massy ru9s1 on ^: r5ts ! r$ light re/s l dy+ fire on defil$ alt>s4 ,! blue ridge ( ! ,alban m\nt lifts itself aga9/ a solemn space ( gre51 cle>1 quiet sky4 ,wat*-t[]s ( d>k cl\ds /& /eadfa/ly along ! promontories1 ( ! ,ap5n9es4 ,f ! pla9 to ! m\nta9s1 ! %att]$ aqu$ucts1 pi] beyond pi]1 melt into ! d>kness1 l %ad[y & c\ntless troops ( fun]al m\rn]s1 pass+ f a nation's grave4 ,let u1 ) ,claude1 make a few ideal alt]ations 9 ?is l&scape4 ,fir/1 we w r$uce ! multitud9\s precipices ( ! ,ap5n9es to f\r sug>-loaves4 ,secondly1 we w remove ! ,alban m\nt1 & put a l>ge du/-heap 9 its /ead4 ,next1 we w knock d[n ! great] "p ( ! aqu$ucts1 & leave only an ar* or two1 t _! inf9ity ( l5g? may no long] be pa9ful f its monotony4 ,= ! purple mi/ & decl9+ sun1 we w sub/itute a bright blue sky1 ) r\nd :ite cl\ds4 ,f9ally1 we w get rid ( ! unpleasant ru9s 9 ! =egr\nd2 we w plant "s h&some trees !re91 we w s5d = "s fiddl]s1 & get up a dance1 & a picnic p>ty4 ,x w be f\nd1 ?r\gh\t ! picture1 t ! same species ( improvem5t is made on ! mat]ials :i* ,claude _h ready to 8 h&4 ,! desc5d+ slopes ( ! city ( ,rome1 t[>ds ! pyramid ( ,caius ,ce/ius1 supply n only l9es ( ! mo/ exquisite v>iety & beauty1 b matt] = contemplation & reflection 9 e fragm5t ( _! build+s4 ,?is passage has be5 idealiz$ by ,claude into a set ( simil> r\nd t[]s1 respect+ :i* no idea c be =m$ b t !y are un9habitable1 & to :i* no int]e/ c be atta*$1 beyond ! difficulty ( conjectur+ :at !y c\ld h be5 built =4 ,! ru9s ( ! temple are r5d]$ unimpressive by ! juxtaposition ( ! wat]-mill1 & inexplicable by ! introduction ( ! ,roman soldi]s4 ,! glide ( ! muddy /reams ( ! melan*oly ,tib] & ,anio ?r\gh ! ,campagna1 is impressive 9 itself1 b altoge!r ceases to be s1 :5 we di/urb _! /illness ( motion by a weir1 adorn _! neglect$ fl[ ) a h&some bridge1 & cov] _! solit>y surface ) punts1 nets1 & fi%]m54 ,x _c1 ,i ?9k1 be expect$1 t l&scapes l ?is %\ld h any effect on ! human he>t1 except to h>d5 or to degrade x2 to lead x f ! love ( :at is simple1 e>ne/ & pure1 to :at is z sophi/icat$ & corrupt 9 arrangem5t1 z err+ & imp]fect 9 detail4 ,s long z su* works are held up = imitation1 l&scape pa9t+ mu/ be a manufacture1 its productions mu/ be toys1 & its patrons mu/ be *ildr54 ,my purpose !n1 9 ! pres5t "w1 is to demon/rate ! utt] fals5ess bo? ( ! facts & pr9ciples2 ! imp]fection ( mat]ial1 & error ( arrangem5t1 on :i* works su* z ^! are bas$2 & to insi/ on ! necessity1 z well z ! dignity1 ( an e>ne/1 fai?ful1 lov+1 /udy ( nature z %e is1 reject+ ) abhorr5ce all t man has done to alt] & modify h]4 ,& ! praise :i*1 9 ?is fir/ portion ( ! "w1 is giv5 to _m ,engli% arti/s1 w\ld be ju/ifiable on ?is gr\nd only1 t al?\gh frequ5tly ) little p[] & desultory ef=t1 !y h yet1 9 an hone/ & good he>t1 receiv$ ! ^w ( ,god f cl\ds1 & leaves1 & waves1 & kept x1,n & endeavor$ 9 humility to r5d] to ! _w t purity ( impression :i* c alone r5d] ! result ( art an in/rum5t ( good1 or its labor des]v+ ( gratitude4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ,i %all h frequ5t occasion to insi/ on ! necessity ( ?is he>tfelt love (1 & unqualifi$ submission to1 ! tea*+ ( nature1 x w be no less incumb5t ^u me to reprobate ! c>eless r5d]+ ( casual impression1 & ! me*anical copyism ( unimportant subject1 :i* are too frequ5tly visible 9 our mod]n s*ool4,o ,_! lightness & desultor9ess ( int5tion1 _! mean+less multiplication ( un/udi$ composition1 & _! want ( def9it5ess & l(t9ess ( aim1 br+ discr$it on _! :ole sy/em ( /udy1 & enc\rage 9 ! critic ! unhappy prejudice t ! field & ! hill-side are less fit places ( /udy ?an ! gall]y & ! g>ret4 ,n e casual idea caught f ! flight ( a %[] or ! fall ( a sunbeam1 n e gl[+ fragm5t ( h>ve/ light1 nor e flick]+ dream ( copsewood coolness1 is to be giv5 to ! _w z x came1 unconsid]$1 incomplete1 & =gott5 by ! arti/ z soon z x has left 8 easel4 ,t only %\ld be consid]$ a picture1 9 :i* ! _s1 7n ! mat]ials1 obs]ve17 b ! animat+ emotion ( _m su* /udies is conc5trat$1 & exhibit$ by ! aid ( long-/udi$1 pa9fully-*os5 =ms2 idealiz$ 9 ! "r s5se ( ! ^w1 n by audaci\s lib]ty ( t faculty ( degrad+ ,god's works :i* man calls 8 imag9ation1 b by p]fect ass]tion ( entire k ( e "p & "* & function ( ! object1 & 9 :i* ! details are complet$ to ! la/ l9e compatible ) ! dignity & simplicity ( ! :ole1 wr\ght out ) t noble/ indu/ry :i* conc5trates pr(usion into po9t1 & trans=ms accumulation into /ructure2 nei!r mu/ ?is labor be be/[$ on e subject :i* appe>s to af=d a capability ( good1 b on *os5 subjects 9 :i* nature has prep>$ to ! arti/'s h& ! pure/ s\rces ( ! impression he w\ld convey4 ,^! may be humble 9 _! ord]1 b !y mu/ be p]fect ( _! k9d4 ,!re is a p]fection ( ! h$g][ & cottage1 z well z ( ! =e/ & ! palace1 & m ideality 9 a great arti/'s selection & treatm5t ( roadside we$s & brook-worn pebbles1 ?an 9 all ! /ruggl+ c>icature ( ! mean] m9d :i* heaps its =egr\nd ) colossal columns1 & heaves impossible m\nta9s into ! encumb]$ sky4 ,f9ally1 ^! *os5 subjects mu/ n be 9 any way repetitions ( "o ano!r1 b ea* f\nd$ on a new idea1 & develop+ a totally di/9ct tra9 ( ?\ght2 s t ! "w ( ! arti/'s life %\ld =m a consi/5t s]ies ( essays1 ris+ ?r\gh ! scale ( creation f ! humble/ sc5]y to ! mo/ exalt$2 ea* picture be+ a necess>y l9k 9 ! *a91 bas$ on :at prec$$1 introduc+ to :at is to foll[1 & all1 9 _! lovely sy/em1 exhibit+ & draw+ clos] ! bonds ( nature to ! human he>t4 ,s9ce1 !n1 ,i %all h to reprobate ! abs5ce ( /udy 9 ! mod]ns ne>ly z mu* z its false direction 9 ! anci5ts1 my task w naturally divide itself into ?ree portions4 ,9 ! fir/1 ,i %all endeavor to inve/igate & arrange ! facts ( nature ) sci5tific accuracy2 %[+ z ,i proce$1 by :at total neglect ( ! v fir/ base & gr\ndwork ( _! art ! idealities ( "s among ! old ma/]s are produc$4 ,?is f\ndation once securely laid1 ,i %all proce$1 9 ! second portion ( ! "w1 to analyze & demon/rate ! nature ( ! emotions ( ! ,beautiful & ,sublime2 to exam9e ! p>ticul> *>act]s ( e k9d ( sc5]y1 & to br+ to light1 z f> z may be 9 my p[]1 t faultless1 ceaseless1 inconceivable1 inexhau/ible lovel9ess1 :i* ,god has /amp$ ^u all ?+s1 if man w only receive !m z ,he gives !m4 ,f9ally1 ,i %all endeavor to trace ! op]ation ( all ?is on ! he>ts & m9ds ( m52 to exhibit ! moral function & end ( art1 to prove ! %>e :i* x ought to h 9 ! ?\ghts1 & influ5ce on ! lives ( all ( u2 to atta* to ! arti/ ! responsibility ( a prea*]1 & to k9dle 9 ! g5]al m9d t reg>d :i* su* an (fice mu/ dem&4 ,x mu/ be evid5t t ! fir/ portion ( ?is task1 :i* is all t ,i h yet be5 enabl$ to (f] to ! read]1 _c b be ! lea/ int]e/+ & ! mo/ labori\s1 especially because x is necess>y t x %\ld be execut$ )\t ref]5ce to any pr9ciples ( beauty or influ5ces ( emotion4 ,x is ! h>d1 /raight=w>d classification ( mat]ial ?+s1 n ! /udy ( ?\ght or passion2 & !re=e let me n be accus$ ( ! feel+s :i* ,i *oose to repress4 ,! consid]ation ( ! high qualities ( art mu/ n be int]rupt$ by ! "w ( ! hamm] & ! eudiomet]4 ,aga91 ,i w\ld reque/ t ! frequ5t passages ( ref]5ce to ! great ma/]s ( ! ,italian s*ool may n be look$ ^u z m]e modes ( conv5tional expression4 ,i ?9k !re is en\gh 9 ! foll[+ pages to prove t ,i am n likely to be c>ri$ away by ! celebrity ( a "n2 & !re=e t ! devot$ love :i* ,i pr(ess = ! works ( ! great hi/orical & sacr$ pa9t]s is s9c]e & well-gr\nd$4 ,& inde$ e pr9ciple ( art :i* ,i may advocate1 ,i %all be able to illu/rate by ref]5ce to ! works ( m5 univ]sally all[$ to be ! ma/]s ( ma/]s2 & ! public1 s long z my tea*+ leads !m to high] und]/&+ & love ( ! works ( ,buon>oti1 ,leon>do1 ,raffaelle1 ,titian1 & ,cagli>i1 may surely conc$e to me )\t fe>1 ! "r ( /rik+ su* bl[s z ,i may deem necess>y to ! e/abli%m5t ( my pr9ciples1 at ,gasp] ,p\ss91 or ,v&evelde4 ,inde$1 ,i believe !re is ne>ly z mu* occasion1 at ! pres5t day1 = advocacy ( ,mi*ael ,angelo aga9/ ! pett9ess ( ! mod]ns1 z !re is = support ( ,turn] aga9/ ! conv5tionalities ( ! anci5ts4 ,=1 ?\gh ! names ( ! fa!rs ( sacr$ art are on all our lips1 our fai? 9 !m is mu* l t ( ! great _w 9 its religion--nom9al1 b dead4 ,9 va9 our lectur]s s\nd ! "n ( ,raffaelle 9 ! e>s ( _! pupils1 :ile _! own works are visibly at v>iance ) e pr9ciple d$ucible f 84 ,9 va9 is ! "y /ud5t compell$ to produce a c]ta9 numb] ( s*ool copies ( ,mi*ael ,angelo1 :5 8 bread mu/ dep5d on ! numb] ( gewgaws he c cr[d into 8 canvas4 ,& ,i c\ld ) z mu* zeal ex]t myself aga9/ ! mod]n sy/em ( ,engli% hi/orical art1 z ,i h 9 favor ( our s*ool ( l&scape1 b t x is an ungrateful & pa9ful task to attack ! works ( liv+ pa9t]s1 /ruggl+ ) adv]se circum/ances ( e k9d1 & especially ) ! false ta/e ( a nation :i* reg>ds matt]s ( art ei!r ) ! tickli%ness ( an infant1 or ! /olidity ( a ,mega!rium4 ,i h be5 accus$1 9 ! execution ( ?is fir/ portion ( my "w1 ( irrev]5t & scurrile expression t[>ds ! works :i* ,i h depreciat$4 ,possibly ,i may h be5 9 "s degree infect$ by read+ ^? criticisms ( our p]iodicals1 :i* consi/ ( no?+ else2 b ,i believe 9 g5]al t my words w be f\nd to h suffici5t tru? 9 !m to excuse _! famili>ity2 & t no o!r weapons c\ld h be5 us$ to pi]ce ! sup]/iti\s prejudice ) :i* ! works ( c]ta9 pa9t]s are %ield$ f ! attacks ( reason4 ,my answ] is t giv5 long ago to a simil> compla9t1 utt]$ "u ! same circum/ances by ! foil$ sophi/3--,greek3 7,hos d'e/9 ho an?ropos2 hos apaideutos tis1 os ouio phaula onomata onomaze9 tolma en semno pragmati47 ,toi\tos tis1 o ,hippia1 oud5 allo phrontizon e to ale!s4 ,x is ) m surprise t ,i h he>d myself accus$ ( ?\ghtless sev]ity ) respect to ! works ( contempor>y pa9t]s1 = ,i fully believe t :5ev] ,i attack !m1 ,i give myself f> m pa9 ?an ,i c possibly inflict2 &1 9 _m in/ances1 ,i h )held reprobation :i* ,i consid]$ necess>y to ! full und]/&+ ( my "w1 9 ! fe> ( griev+ or injur+ m5 ( ^: feel+s & circum/ances ,i 0 ignorant4 ,inde$1 ! app>5tly false & exagg]at$ bias ( ! :ole book 9 favor ( mod]n art1 is 9 great degree dep5d5t on my )hold+ ! animadv]sions :i* w\ld h giv5 x balance1 & keep+ sil5ce :]e ,i _c praise4 ,b ,i _h r be a ye> or two long] 9 effect+ my purposes1 ?an rea* !m by trampl+ on m5's he>ts & he>?s2 & ,i h p]mitt$ myself to express unfavorable op9ions only :]e ! popul>ity & favor ( ! arti/ are s great z to r5d] ! op9ion ( an individual a matt] ( indiff]5ce to him4 ,& n[--b "o ^w m4 ,= _m a ye> we h he>d no?+ ) respect to ! works ( ,turn] b accusations ( _! want ( tru?4 ,to e obs]vation on _! p[]1 sublimity1 or beauty1 !re has be5 b "o reply3 ,!y are n l nature4 ,i !re=e took my oppon5ts on _! own gr\nd1 & demon/rat$1 by ?or\gh inve/igation ( actual facts1 t ,turn] is l nature1 & pa9ts m ( nature ?an any man :o ev] liv$4 ,i expect$ ?is proposition 7! f\ndation ( all my future ef=ts7 w\ld h be5 disput$ ) desp]ate /ruggles1 & t ,i %\ld h _h to fight my way to my position in* by in*4 ,n at all4 ,my oppon5ts yield me ! field at once4 ,"o 7! writ] = ! ,a!naeum7 has no o!r res\rce ?an ! ass]tion1 t he disapproves ! natural /yle 9 pa9t+4 ,if p want to see nature1 let !m g & look at h]self4 ,:y %\ld !y see h] at second-h& on a piece ( canvas8 ,! o!r1 7,blackwood17 /ill m utt]ly discomfit$1 is r$uc$ to a /ill m rem>kable l9e ( def5ce4 ,x is n1 he says1 :at ?+s 9 all respects really are1 b h[ !y are conv]tible by ! m9d into :at !y are n1 t we h to consid]4 7,octob]1 #ahdc1 p4 #dhe47 ,i leave !re=e ! read] to *oose :e!r1 ) ,blackwood & 8 fell[s1 he w proce$ to consid] h[ ?+s are conv]tible by ! m9d into :at !y are n1 or :e!r1 ) me1 he w und]go ! h>d]1 b p]haps on ! :ole m useful1 labor ( asc]ta9+--,:at !y are4 ,,footnotes ,a ,"o or two fragm5ts ( ,greek sculpture1 ! works ( ,mi*ael ,angelo1 consid]$ ) ref]5ce to _! g5]al conception & p[]1 & ! ,madonna di ,/4 ,si/o1 are all t ,i %\ld myself put into su* a category1 n t ev5 ^! are )\t defect1 b _! defects are su* z mortality c\ld nev] hope to rectify4 ,b ,?is pr9ciple is dang]\s1 b n ! less true1 & necess>y to be kept 9 m9d4 ,!re is sc>cely any tru? :i* does n admit ( be+ wre/$ to purposes ( evil1 & we mu/ n d5y ! desirabl5ess ( orig9ality1 because m5 may err 9 seek+ = x1 or because a pret5ce to x may be made1 by presumption1 a cloak = its incompet5ce4 ,nev]!less1 orig9ality is nev] to be s\ght = its own sake--o!rwise x w be m]e ab]ration--x %\ld arise naturally out ( h>d1 indep5d5t /udy ( nature2 & x %\ld be rememb]$ t 9 _m ?+s te*nical1 x is impossible to alt] )\t be+ inf]ior1 = !re91 z says ,sp5c]1 ,tru? is "o1 & "r is ev] "o2 b wrongs are v>i\s & multitud9\s4 ,vice1 says ,byron1 9 ,m>9o ,fali]o1 mu/ h v>iety2 b ,virtue /&s l ! sun1 & all :i* rolls ar\nd dr9ks life f h] aspect4 ,c ,x is ) regret t1 9 a "w ( ?is nature1 ,i take notice ( criticisms1 :i*1 aft] all1 are m]ely int5d$ to amuse ! c>eless read]1 & be =gott5 z soon z read2 b ,i d s 9 compliance ) wi%es express$ to me s9ce ! publication ( ?is "w1 by p]sons :o h ! int]e/s ( art deeply at he>t1 & :o1 ,i f9d1 atta* m importance to ! matt] ?an ,i %\ld h be5 dispos$ to d4 ,i h1 !re=e1 m>k$ two or ?ree passages :i* may enable ! public to judge = !mselves ( ! quality ( ^! critiques2 & ?is ,i ?9k a matt] ( ju/ice to ^? :o might o!rwise h be5 l$ a/ray by !m--m ?an ?is ,i _c cons5t to d4 ,i %\ld h b a h\nd's (fice if ,i _h to te> ! tab>d f e ,r\ge ,sangli] ( ! arts--) bell & bauble to back him4 ,d ,*rysoprase1 7,vide ,no4 = ,octob]1 #ahdc1 p4 #ejb47 ,e ,e s*ool-boy kn[s t ?is epi!t 0 giv5 to ,p\ss9 9 allusion to ! pr(\nd classical k ( ! pa9t]4 ,! review]1 h[ev]1 7,septemb]1 #ahda17 in=ms u t ! expression ref]s to 8 skill 9 ,composition4 ,f ,critique on ,royal ,academy1 #ahdb4 ,he 7,mr4 ,lee7 (t5 rem9ds u ( ,ga9sbor\gh's be/ mann]2 b he is sup]ior to him always 9 subject1 composition1 & v>iety4--,%ade ( ,ga9sbor\gh6--deep-?\ght$1 solemn ,ga9sbor\gh1--=give u = re-writ+ ?is s5t5ce2 we d s to gibbet its p]petrator =ev]1--& leave him sw++ 9 ! w9ds ( ! ,fool's ,p>adise4 ,x is ) great pa9 t ,i ev] speak ) sev]ity ( ! works ( liv+ ma/]s1 especially :51 l ,mr4 ,lee's1 !y are well-int5tion$1 simple1 free f affectation or imitation1 & evid5tly pa9t$ ) con/ant ref]5ce to nature4 ,b ,i believe t ^! qualities w always secure him t admiration :i* he des]ves--t !re w be _m unsophi/icat$ & hone/ m9ds always ready to foll[ 8 guidance1 & answ] 8 ef=ts ) delight2 & !re=e1 t ,i ne$ n fe> to po9t out 9 him ! want ( ^? te*nical qualities :i* are m especially ! object ( an arti/'s admiration4 ,ga9sbor\gh's p[] ( color 7x is m5tion$ by ,sir ,jo%ua z 8 peculi> gift7 is capable ( tak+ rank beside t ( ,rub5s2 he is ! pure/ colori/--,sir ,jo%ua himself n except$--( ! :ole ,engli% s*ool2 ) him1 9 fact1 ! art ( pa9t+ did 9 great "p die1 & exi/s n n[ 9 ,europe4 ,evid5ce en\gh w be se5 9 ! foll[+ pages ( my devot$ admiration ( ,turn]2 b ,i hesitate n to say1 t 9 managem5t & quality ( s+le & p>ticul> t9t1 9 ! purely te*nical "p ( pa9t+1 ,turn] is a *ild ( ,ga9sbor\gh4 ,n[1 ,mr4 ,lee nev] aims at color2 he does n make x 8 object 9 ! slighte/ degree--! spr+ gre5 ( vegetation is all t he desires2 & x w\ld be ab\t z rational to comp>e 8 works ) /udi$ pieces ( color+1 z ! modulation ( ! ,calabrian pipe to ! h>mony ( a full or*e/ra4 ,ga9sbor\gh's h& is z light z ! sweep ( a cl\d--z swift z ! fla% ( a sunbeam2 ,lee's execution is feeble & spotty4 ,ga9sbor\gh's masses are z broad z ! fir/ division 9 heav5 ( light f d>kness2 ,lee's 7p]haps necess>ily1 consid]+ ! effects ( flick]+ sunlight at :i* he aims7 are z fragm5t>y z 8 leaves1 & z num]\s4 ,ga9sbor\gh's =ms are gr&1 simple1 & ideal2 ,lee's are small1 confus$1 & unselect$4 ,ga9sbor\gh nev] loses sight ( 8 picture z a :ole2 ,lee is b too apt to be %ackl$ by its p>ts4 ,9 a ^w1 ,ga9sbor\gh is an immortal pa9t]2 & ,lee1 ?\gh on ! "r road1 is yet 9 ! e>ly /ages ( 8 art2 & ! man :o c\ld imag9e any resemblance or po9t ( comp>ison betwe5 !m1 is n only a novice 9 art1 b has n capacity ev] to be any?+ m4 ,he may be p>don$ = n compreh5d+ ,turn]1 = long prep>ation & discipl9e are necess>y be=e ! ab/ract & pr(\nd philosophy ( t arti/ c be met2 b ,ga9sbor\gh's excell5ce is bas$ on pr9ciples ( art long ackn[l$g$1 & facts ( nature univ]sally app>5t2 & ,i insi/ m p>ticul>ly on ! review]'s want ( feel+ = 8 works1 because x proves a tru? ( :i* ! public ought especially to be assur$ t ^? :o lavi% abuse on ! great m5 ( mod]n times1 are equally incapable ( p]ceiv+ ! real excell5ce ( e/abli%$ canons1 are ignorant ( ! commone/ & mo/ ackn[l$g$ pr9cipia ( ! art1 bl9d to ! mo/ palpable & compreh5sible ( its beauties1 incapable ( di/+ui%+1 if left to !mselves1 a ma/]'s "w f ! vile/ s*ool copy1 & f\nd+ _! applause ( ^? great works :i* !y praise1 ei!r 9 pure hypocrisy1 or 9 admiration ( _! defects4 ,g ,!re is a f9e t\* 9 ! ,frogs 9 ,ari/ophanes1 allud+ probably to ?is "p ( ! ,agamemnon4 ,greek3 ,ego d' he*airon te siope kai me t\t' het]peu ouk hett\ e nun hoi lal\ntes4 ,! same rem>k might be well appli$ to ! seem+ly vacant or incompreh5sible portions ( ,turn]'s canvas4 ,9 _! my/]i\s1 & int5se fire1 !re is mu* correspond5ce betwe5 ! m9d ( ,aes*ylus & t ( our great pa9t]4 ,!y %>e at lea/ "o ?+ 9 common--unpopul>ity4 ,greek3 ',ho demos aneboa kris9 poie91 ,,xa4 o ton pan\rgon2 ,ai4 ne ,di1 ouranion g' hoson4 ,,xa4 met' ,ais*yl\ ho ouk esan het]oi symma*oi2 ,,ai4 oligon to *re/on e/94 ,h ,i d n "k any passage 9 anci5t lit]ature 9 :i* ?is connection is m exquisitely illu/rat$ ?an 9 ! l9es1 burlesque ?\gh !y be1 descriptive ( ! approa* ( ! *orus 9 ! ,cl\ds ( ,ari/ophanes1--a writ]1 by ! way1 :o1 ,i believe1 knew & felt m ( ! noble l&scape "* ( 8 c\ntry ?an any ^: works h come d[n to u except ,hom]4 ,! individuality & di/9ctness ( conception--! visible cl\d "* :i* e ^w ( ?is p>ticul> passage br+s out into m dewy & bright exi/5ce1 are to me z refre%+ z ! real brea?+ ( m\nta9 w9ds4 ,! l9e ,greek3 dia ton koilon kai ton daseon1 plagiai1 c\ld h be5 writt5 by none b an ard5t lov] ( hill sc5]y--"o :o _h wat*$1 h\r aft] h\r1 ! peculi> oblique1 sidelong action ( desc5d+ cl\ds1 z !y =m along ! holl[s & rav9es ( ! hills4 ,!re are no lumpi% solidities--no pill[y protub]ances "h4 ,all is melt+1 drift+1 evanesc5t1--full ( air1 & light1 & dew4 ,i ,let n ?is pr9ciple be confus$ ) ,fuseli's1 love = :at is call$ deception 9 pa9t+ m>ks ei!r ! infancy or decrepitude ( a nation's ta/e4 ,realization to ! m9d necessitates n deception ( ! eye4 ,j ,i %all %[1 9 a future portion ( ! "w1 t !re are pr9ciples ( univ]sal beauty common to all ! creatures ( ,god2 & t x is by ! great] or less %>e ( ^! t "o =m becomes nobl] or mean] ?an ano!r4 ,k ,is n ?is--x may be ask$--dem&+ m f him ?an life c accompli%8 ,n "o :it4 ,no?+ m ?an k ( ext]nal *>act]i/ics is absolutely requir$2 & ev5 if1 :i* 7 m desirable1 ?or\gh sci5tific k _h to be atta9$1 ! "t :i* our arti/s sp5d 9 multiply+ crude sket*es1 or f9i%+ _! un9tellig5t embryos ( ! /udy1 w\ld r5d] !m ma/]s ( e sci5ce t mod]n inve/igations h organiz$1 & famili> ) e =m t ,nature manife/s4 ,m>t91 if ! "t :i* he mu/ h sp5t on ! abortive bubbles ( 8 ,canute _h be5 pass$ 9 work+ on ! sea%ore1 might h le>n$ en\gh to enable him to produce1 ) a few /rokes1 a picture :i* w\ld h smote l ! s\nd ( ! sea1 ^u m5's he>ts =ev]4 ,l ,a gre5 field is a sight :i* makes u p>don ,! abs5ce ( t m sublime con/ruction ,:i* mixes up v9es1 olive1 precipices1 ,glaci]s1 volcanoes1 oranges1 & ices4 ,don ,juan4 ,m ,! vegetable soil ( ! ,campagna is *iefly =m$ by decompos$ lavas1 & "u x lies a b$ ( :ite pumice1 exactly resembl+ remnants ( bones4 ,n ,! feel+s ( ,con/able ) respect to 8 art might be almo/ a model = ! "y /ud5t1 7 x n t !y err a little on ! o!r side1 & are p]haps 9 ne$ ( *a/5+ & guid+ f ! works ( 8 fell[-m54 ,we %\ld use pictures n z au?orities1 b z comm5ts on nature1 j z we use div9es1 n z au?orities1 b z comm5ts on ! ,bible4 ,con/able1 9 8 dread ( sa9t-wor%ip1 excommunicates himself f all b5efit ( ! ,*ur*1 & deprives himself ( mu* in/ruction f ! ,scripture to :i* he holds1 because he w n accept aid 9 ! read+ ( x f ! le>n+ ( o!r m54 ,sir ,george ,beaumont1 on ! contr>y1 furni%es1 9 ! anecdotes giv5 ( him 9 ,con/able's life1 a melan*oly in/ance ( ! degradation into :i* ! human m9d may fall1 :5 x suff]s human works to int]f]e betwe5 x & its ,ma/]4 ,! recomm5d+ ! color ( an old ,cremona fiddle = ! prevail+ tone ( ev]y?+1 & ! vapid inquiry ( ! conv5tionali/1 ,:]e d y put y\r br[n tree8 %[ a pro/ration ( intellect s laughable & lam5table1 t !y are at once1 on all1 & to all1 /ud5ts ( ! gall]y1 a satire & a w>n+4 ,art s foll[$ is ! mo/ s]vile indol5ce 9 :i* life c be wa/$4 ,!re are !n two dang]\s extremes to be %unn$1--=getfulness ( ! ,scripture1 & scorn ( ! div9e--slav]y on ! "o h&1 free-?9k+ on ! o!r4 ,! mean is ne>ly z difficult to det]m9e or keep 9 art z 9 religion1 b ! great dang] is on ! side ( sup]/ition4 ,he :o walks humbly ) ,nature w seldom be 9 dang] ( los+ sight ( ,art4 ,he w commonly f9d 9 all t is truly great ( man's works1 some?+ ( _! orig9al1 = :i* he w reg>d !m ) gratitude1 & sometimes foll[ !m ) respect2 :ile he :o takes ,art = 8 au?ority may entirely lose sight ( all t x int]prets1 & s9k at once into ! s9 ( an idolat]1 & ! degradation ( a slave4 ,o ,i %\ld h insi/$ m on ?is fault 7= x is a fatal "o7 9 ! foll[+ ,essay1 b ! cause ( x re/s r ) ! public ?an ) ! arti/1 & 9 ! necessities ( ! public z mu* z 9 _! w4 ,su* pictures z arti/s !mselves w\ld wi% to pa9t1 c\ld n be execut$ "u v high prices2 & x mu/ always be easi]1 9 ! pres5t /ate ( society1 to f9d t5 pur*as]s ( t5-gu9ea sket*es1 ?an "o pur*as] = a hundr$-gu9ea picture4 ,/ill1 ,i h be5 (t5 bo? surpris$ & griev$ to see t any ef=t on ! "p ( our arti/s to rise above manufacture--any /ruggle to some?+ l complet$ conception--0 left by ! public to be its own rew>d4 ,9 ! wat]-color exhibition ( la/ ye> !re 0 a noble "w ( ,david ,cox's1 ideal 9 ! "r s5se--a =e/ holl[ ) a few %eep cru%+ d[n ?r\gh its deep f]n1 & a solemn op5+ ( ev5+ sky above its d>k masses ( di/ance4 ,x 0 wor? all 8 little bits on ! walls put toge!r4 ,yet ! public pick$ up all ! little bits--blots & spla%es1 ducks1 *ickwe$1 e>s ( corn--all t 0 clev] & petite2 & ! real picture--! full developm5t ( ! arti/'s m9d--0 left on 8 h&s4 ,h[ c ,i1 or any "o else1 ) a consci5ce1 advise him aft] ?is to aim at any?+ m ?an may be /ruck out by ! clev]ness ( a qu>t] ( an h\r4 ,catt]mole1 ,i believe1 is e>!d & %ackl$ 9 ! same mann]4 ,he began 8 c>e] ) f9i%$ & /udi$ pictures1 :i*1 ,i believe1 nev] paid him--he n[ pro/itutes 8 f9e tal5t to ! sup]ficialness ( public ta/e1 & blots 8 way to emolum5t & oblivion4 ,!re is commonly1 h[ev]1 fault on bo? sides2 9 ! arti/ = exhibit+ 8 dext]ity by m\ntebank tricks ( ! bru%1 until *a/e f9i%1 requir+ t5 times ! k & labor1 appe>s insipid to ! diseas$ ta/e :i* he has himself =m$ 9 8 patrons1 z ! ro>+ & rant+ ( a common actor w (t5times r5d] app>5tly vapid ! f9i%$ t\*es ( p]fect nature2 & 9 ! public1 = tak+ less real pa9s to become acqua9t$ )1 & discrim9ate1 ! v>i\s p[]s ( a great arti/1 ?an !y w\ld to e/imate ! excell5ce ( a cook or develop ! dext]ity ( a danc]4 ,,preface ,,to ,,! ,,?ird ,,edition4 ,x is ) mu* regret1 & p>tly aga9/ my own judgm5t1 t ,i republi% ! foll[+ *apt]s 9 _! pres5t =m4 ,! p>ticul> circum/ances 7/at$ 9 ! fir/ preface7 "u :i* !y 7 orig9ally writt51 h r5d]$ !m s unfit = ! position !y n[ hold z introductory to a s]i\s exam9ation ( ! g5]al functions ( art1 t ,i %\ld h wi%$ fir/ to complete ! succe$+ portions ( ! essay1 & !n to write ano!r introduction ( m fitt+ "*4 ,b z x may be long be=e ,i am able to d ?is1 & z ,i believe :at ,i h already writt5 may /ill be ( "s limit$ & p>tial s]vice1 ,i h suff]$ x to reappe>1 tru/+ to ! k9dness ( ! read] to look to its int5tion r ?an its temp]1 & =give its inconsid]ation 9 its e>ne/ness4 ,?9k+ x ( too little sub/ance to be> m5d+1 :]ev] ,i h f\nd a passage :i* ,i ?\ght requir$ modification or explanation1 ,i h cut x out2 :at ,i h left1 h[ev] imp]fect1 _c ,i ?9k be dang]\sly misund]/ood3 some?+ ,i h add$1 n "u ! idea ( r5d]+ ! "w 9 any wise sy/ematic or complete1 b to supply gross omissions1 answ] inevitable objections1 & give "s sub/ance to passages ( m]e declamation4 ,:atev] inadequacy or error !re may be1 ?r\gh\t1 9 mat]ials or modes ( demon/ration1 ,i h no d\bt ( ! tru? & necessity ( ! ma9 result2 & ?\gh ! read] may1 p]haps1 f9d me frequ5tly h]eaft] %[+ o!r & bett] gr\nds = :at is "h affirm$1 yet ! po9t & be>+ ( ! book1 its det]m9$ depreciation ( ,claude1 ,salvator1 ,gasp>1 & ,canaletto1 & its equally det]m9$ support ( ,turn] z ! greate/ ( all l&scape pa9t]s1 & ( ,turn]'s rec5t works z 8 f9e/1 are good & "r2 & if ! preval5ce ?r\gh\t ( attack & eulogium be f\nd irksome or (f5sive1 let x be rememb]$ t my object ?us f> has n be5 ei!r ! e/abli%m5t or ! tea*+ ( any pr9ciples ( art1 b ! v9dication1 mo/ necess>y to ! prosp]ity ( our pres5t s*ools1 ( ! uncompreh5d$ rank ( _! greate/ arti/1 & ! dim9ution1 equally necess>y z ,i ?9k to ! prosp]ity ( our s*ools1 ( ! unadvis$ admiration ( ! l&scape ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,= ,i believe x to be almo/ impossible to /ate 9 t]ms suffici5tly s]i\s & sev]e ! dep? & ext5t ( ! evil :i* has result$ 7& t n 9 art alone1 b 9 all o!r matt]s ) :i* ! contemplative faculties are conc]n$7 f ! works ( ^? eld] m54 ,on ! cont95t all l&scape art has be5 utt]ly annihilat$ by !m1 & ) x all s5se ( ! p[] ( nature4 ,we 9 ,engl& h only done bett] because our arti/s h _h /r5g? ( m9d en\gh to =m a s*ool )drawn f _! influ5ce4 ,^! po9ts are some:at f>!r develop$ 9 ! g5]al sket* ( anci5t & mod]n l&scape1 :i* ,i h add$ to ! fir/ section ( ! second "p4 ,"s important additions h also be5 made to ! *apt]s on ! pa9t+ ( sea4 ,?r\gh\t ! re/ ( ! text1 ?\gh some?+ is )drawn1 little is *ang$2 & ! read] may re/ assur$ t if ,i 7 n[ to be/[ on ?is feeble essay ! c>eful revision :i* x mu* ne$s1 b little des]ves1 x w\ld n be to alt] its t5d5cies1 or modify its conclusions1 b to prev5t indignation f appe>+ virul5ce on ! "o side1 & en?usiasm p>tisan%ip on ! o!r4 ,,preface ,,to ,,new ,,edition 7#ahgc74 ,i h be5 lately s (t5 ask$ by fri5ds on ^: judgm5t ,i c rely1 to p]mit ! publication ( ano!r edition ( ,mod]n ,pa9t]s 9 its orig9al =m1 t ,i h at la/ yield$1 ?\gh ) "s viol5ce to my own feel+s2 = _m p>ts ( ! fir/ & second volumes are writt5 9 a n>r[ en?usiasm1 & ! sub/ance ( _! metaphysical & religi\s speculation is only ju/ifiable on ! gr\nd ( its absolute hone/y4 ,( ! ?ird1 f\r?1 & fif? volumes ,i inde$ mean ev5tually to re>range :at ,i ?9k ( p]man5t int]e/1 = ! complete edition ( my works1 b ) few] & less elaborate illu/rations3 nor h ,i any s]i\s gr\nds = refus+ to all[ ! book once m to appe> 9 ! irregul> =m :i* x took z x 0 writt51 s9ce ( ! art-tea*+ & l&scape description x conta9s ,i h little to retr5*1 & no?+ to retract4 ,?is f9al edition mu/1 h[ev]1 be limit$ to a ?\s& copies1 = "s ( ! m delicate plates are already worn1 t ( ! ,mill ,/ream 9 ! fif? volume1 & ( ! ,loire ,side v injuri\sly2 :ile t ( ! ,%ores ( ,:>fe _h to be ret\*$ by an engrav] aft] ! removal ( ! mezzot9t = repr9t+4 ,b ,mr4 ,armytage's1 ,mr4 ,c\s5's1 & ,mr4 ,cuff's magnific5t plates are /ill 9 good /ate1 & my own et*+s1 ?\gh injur$1 are /ill good en\gh to answ] _! purpose4 ,,synopsis ,,( ,,cont5ts4 ,,"p ,i4 ,,( ,,g5]al ,,pr9ciples4 ,,section ,i4 ,,( ,,! ,,nature ,,( ,,! ,,ideas ,,conveyable ,,by ,,art4 ,,*apt] ,i4--,introductory4 ,,page ,sec4 #a4 ,public op9ion no crit]ion ( excell5ce1 except aft] long p]iods ( "t4 #a ,sec4 #b4 ,& !re=e ob/9ate :5 once =m$4 #d ,sec4 #c4 ,! au?or's reasons = oppos+ x 9 p>ticul> in/ances4 #e ,sec4 #d4 ,b only on po9ts capable ( demon/ration4 #e ,sec4 #e4 ,! au?or's p>tiality to mod]n works excusable4 #f ,,*apt] ,,ii4--,def9ition ( ,greatness 9 ,art4 ,sec4 #a4 ,di/9ction betwe5 ! pa9t]'s intellectual p[] & te*nical k4 #h ,sec4 #b4 ,pa9t+1 z su*1 is no?+ m ?an language4 #h ,sec4 #c4 ,pa9t]1 a t]m correspond+ to v]sifi]4 #i ,sec4 #d4 ,example 9 a pa9t+ ( ,e4 ,l&se]'s4 #i ,sec4 #e4 ,difficulty ( fix+ an exact limit betwe5 language & ?\ght4 #i ,sec4 #f4 ,di/9ction betwe5 decorative & expressive language4 #aj ,sec4 #g4 ,in/ance 9 ! ,dut* & e>ly ,italian s*ools4 #aj ,sec4 #h4 ,yet !re are c]ta9 ideas belong+ to language itself4 #aa ,sec4 #i4 ,! def9ition4 #ab ,,*apt] ,,iii4--,( ,ideas ( ,p[]4 ,sec4 #a4 ,:at classes ( ideas are conveyable by art4 #ac ,sec4 #b4 ,ideas ( p[] v>y mu* 9 relative dignity4 #ac ,sec4 #c4 ,b are receiv$ f :atev] has be5 ! subject ( p[]4 ,! mean+ ( ! ^w excell5ce4 #ad ,sec4 #d4 ,:at is necess>y to ! di/+ui%+ ( excell5ce4 #ae ,sec4 #e4 ,! pleasure att5dant on conqu]+ difficulties is "r4 #af ,,*apt] ,,iv4--,( ,ideas ( ,imitation4 ,sec4 #a4 ,false use ( ! t]m imitation by _m writ]s on art4 #ag ,sec4 #b4 ,real mean+ ( ! t]m4 #ah ,sec4 #c4 ,:at is requisite to ! s5se ( imitation4 #ah ,sec4 #d4 ,! pleasure result+ f imitation ! mo/ contemptible t c be d]iv$ f art4 #ai ,sec4 #e4 ,imitation is only ( contemptible subjects4 #ai ,sec4 #f4 ,imitation is contemptible because x is easy4 #bj ,sec4 #g4 ,recapitulation4 #bj ,,*apt] ,v4--,( ,ideas ( ,tru?4 ,sec4 #a4 ,mean+ ( ! ^w tru? z appli$ to art4 #ba ,sec4 #b4 ,fir/ diff]5ce betwe5 tru? & imitation4 #ba ,sec4 #c4 ,second diff]5ce4 #ba ,sec4 #d4 ,?ird diff]5ce4 #bb ,sec4 #e4 ,no accurate tru?s necess>y to imitation4 #bb ,sec4 #f4 ,ideas ( tru? are inconsi/5t ) ideas ( imitation4 #bd ,,*apt] ,,vi4--,( ,ideas ( ,beauty4 ,sec4 #a4 ,def9ition ( ! t]m beautiful4 #bf ,sec4 #b4 ,def9ition ( ! t]m ta/e4 #bf ,sec4 #c4 ,di/9ction betwe5 ta/e & judgm5t4 #bg ,sec4 #d4 ,h[ f> beauty may become intellectual4 #bg ,sec4 #e4 ,! high rank & function ( ideas ( beauty4 #bh ,sec4 #f4 ,mean+ ( ! t]m ideal beauty4 #bh ,,*apt] ,,vii4--,( ,ideas ( ,relation4 ,sec4 #a4 ,g5]al mean+ ( ! t]m4 #bi ,sec4 #b4 ,:at ideas are to be compreh5d$ "u x4 #bi ,sec4 #c4 ,! exce$+ nobility ( ^! ideas4 #cj ,sec4 #d4 ,:y no subdivision ( s ext5sive a class is necess>y4 #ca ,,section ,,ii4 ,,( ,,p[]4 ,,*apt] ,i4--,g5]al ,pr9ciples respect+ ,ideas ( ,p[]4 ,sec4 #a4 ,no necessity = detail$ /udy ( ideas ( imitation4 #cb ,sec4 #b4 ,nor = sep>ate /udy ( ideas ( p[]4 #cb ,sec4 #c4 ,except "u "o p>ticul> =m4 #cc ,sec4 #d4 ,!re are two modes ( receiv+ ideas ( p[]1 commonly inconsi/5t4 #cc ,sec4 #e4 ,fir/ reason ( ! inconsi/5cy4 #cc ,sec4 #f4 ,second reason = ! inconsi/5cy4 #cd ,sec4 #g4 ,! s5sation ( p[] ought n to be s\ght 9 imp]fect art4 #cd ,sec4 #h4 ,in/ances 9 pictures ( mod]n arti/s4 #ce ,sec4 #i4 ,connection betwe5 ideas ( p[] & modes ( execution4 #ce ,,*apt] ,,ii4--,( ,ideas ( ,p[]1 z !y are dep5d5t ^u ,execution4 ,sec4 #a4 ,mean+ ( ! t]m execution4 #cf ,sec4 #b4 ,! fir/ quality ( execution is tru?4 #cf ,sec4 #c4 ,! second1 simplicity4 #cf ,sec4 #d4 ,! ?ird1 my/]y4 #cg ,sec4 #e4 ,! f\r?1 inadequacy2 & ! fif?1 decision4 #cg ,sec4 #f4 ,! six?1 velocity4 #cg ,sec4 #g4 ,/rang5ess an illegitimate s\rce ( pleasure 9 execution4 #cg ,sec4 #h4 ,yet ev5 ! legitimate s\rces ( pleasure 9 execution are inconsi/5t ) ea* o!r4 #ch ,sec4 #i4 ,& fondness = ideas ( p[] leads to ! adoption ( ! l[e/4 #ci ,sec4 #aj4 ,!re=e p]il\s4 #dj ,sec4 #aa4 ,recapitulation4 #dj ,,*apt] ,,iii4--,( ! ,sublime4 ,sec4 #a4 ,sublimity is ! effect ^u ! m9d ( any?+ above x4 #da ,sec4 #b4 ,burke's !ory ( ! nature ( ! sublime incorrect1 & :y4 #da ,sec4 #c4 ,dang] is sublime1 b n ! fe> ( x4 #db ,sec4 #d4 ,! highe/ beauty is sublime4 #db ,sec4 #e4 ,& g5]ally :atev] elevates ! m9d4 #db ,sec4 #f4 ,! =m] division ( ! subject is !re=e suffici5t4 #db ,,"p ,,ii4 ,,( ,,tru?4 ,,section ,i4 ,,g5]al ,,pr9ciples ,,respect+ ,,ideas ,,( ,,tru?4 ,,*apt] ,i4--,( ,ideas ( ,tru? 9 _! connection ) ^? ( ,beauty & ,relation4 ,sec4 #a4 ,! two great ends ( l&scape pa9t+ are ! repres5tation ( facts & ?\ghts4 #dd ,sec4 #b4 ,!y induce a diff]5t *oice ( mat]ial subjects4 #de ,sec4 #c4 ,! fir/ mode ( selection apt to produce sam5ess & repetition4 #de ,sec4 #d4 ,! second necessitat+ v>iety4 #de ,sec4 #e4 ,yet ! fir/ is delightful to all4 #df ,sec4 #f4 ,! second only to a few4 #df ,sec4 #g4 ,! fir/ necess>y to ! second4 #dg ,sec4 #h4 ,! exce$+ importance ( tru?4 #dh ,sec4 #i4 ,coldness or want ( beauty no sign ( tru?4 #dh ,sec4 #aj4 ,h[ tru? may be consid]$ a j crit]ion ( all art4 #dh ,,*apt] ,,ii4--,t ! ,tru? ( ,nature is n to be disc]n$ by ! ,un$ucat$ ,s5ses4 ,sec4 #a4 ,! common self-deception ( m5 ) respect to _! p[] ( disc]n+ tru?4 #ej ,sec4 #b4 ,m5 usually see little ( :at is be=e _! eyes4 #ea ,sec4 #c4 ,b m or less 9 proportion to _! natural s5sibility to :at is beautiful4 #eb ,sec4 #d4 ,connect$ ) a p]fect /ate ( moral feel+4 #eb ,sec4 #e4 ,& ( ! intellectual p[]s4 #ec ,sec4 #f4 ,h[ sight dep5ds ^u previ\s k4 #ed ,sec4 #g4 ,! difficulty increas$ by ! v>iety ( tru?s 9 nature4 #ee ,sec4 #h4 ,we recognize objects by _! lea/ important attributes4 ,comp>e ,"p ,i4 ,sect4 ,i4 ,*ap4 #d4 #ee ,,*apt] ,,iii4--,( ! ,relative ,importance ( ,tru?s3--,fir/1 t ,p>ticul> ,tru?s are m important ?an ,g5]al ,ones4 ,sec4 #a4 ,necessity ( det]m9+ ! relative importance ( tru?s4 #eh ,sec4 #b4 ,misapplication ( ! aphorism3 ,g5]al tru?s are m important ?an p>ticul> ones4 #eh ,sec4 #c4 ,fals5ess ( ?is maxim1 tak5 )\t explanation4 #ei ,sec4 #d4 ,g5]ality important 9 ! subject1 p>ticul>ity 9 ! pr$icate4 #ei ,sec4 #e4 ,! importance ( tru?s ( species is n ow+ to _! g5]ality4 #fj ,sec4 #f4 ,all tru?s valuable z !y are *>act]i/ic4 #fa ,sec4 #g4 ,o!rwise tru?s ( species are valuable1 because beautiful4 #fa ,sec4 #h4 ,& _m tru?s1 valuable if sep>ate1 may be objectionable 9 connection ) o!rs4 #fb ,sec4 #i4 ,recapitulation4 #fc ,,*apt] ,,iv4--,( ! ,relative ,importance ( ,tru?s3--,secondly1 t ,r>e ,tru?s are m important ?an ,frequ5t ,ones4 ,sec4 #a4 ,no accid5tal violation ( nature's pr9ciples %\ld be repres5t$4 #fd ,sec4 #b4 ,b ! cases 9 :i* ^? pr9ciples h be5 /rik+ly exemplifi$4 #fe ,sec4 #c4 ,:i* are comp>atively r>e4 #fe ,sec4 #d4 ,all repetition is blamable4 #fe ,sec4 #e4 ,! duty ( ! pa9t] is ! same z t ( a prea*]4 #ff ,,*apt] ,v4--,( ! ,relative ,importance ( ,tru?s3--,?irdly1 t ,tru?s ( ,color are ! lea/ important ( all ,tru?s4 ,sec4 #a4 ,diff]5ce betwe5 prim>y & second>y qualities 9 bodies4 #fg ,sec4 #b4 ,! fir/ are fully *>act]i/ic1 ! second imp]fectly s4 #fg ,sec4 #c4 ,color is a second>y quality1 !re=e less important ?an =m4 #fh ,sec4 #d4 ,color no di/9ction betwe5 objects ( ! same species4 #fh ,sec4 #e4 ,& diff]5t 9 association f :at x is alone4 #fi ,sec4 #f4 ,x is n c]ta9 :e!r any two p see ! same colors 9 ?+s4 #fi ,sec4 #g4 ,=m1 consid]$ z an elem5t ( l&scape1 includes light & %ade4 #fi ,sec4 #h4 ,importance ( light & %ade 9 express+ ! "* ( bodies1 & unimportance ( color4 #gj ,sec4 #i4 ,recapitulation4 #ga ,,*apt] ,,vi4--,recapitulation4 ,sec4 #a4 ,! importance ( hi/orical tru?s4 #gb ,sec4 #b4 ,=m1 z expla9$ by light & %ade1 ! fir/ ( all tru?s4 ,tone1 light1 & color1 are second>y4 #gb ,sec4 #c4 ,& deceptive *i>oscuro ! l[e/ ( all4 #gc ,,*apt] ,,vii4--,g5]al ,application ( ! ,=ego+ ,pr9ciples4 ,sec4 #a4 ,! diff]5t selection ( facts consequ5t on ! sev]al aims at imitation or at tru?4 #gd ,sec4 #b4 ,! old ma/]s1 z a body1 aim only at imitation4 #gd ,sec4 #c4 ,:at tru?s !y gave4 #ge ,sec4 #d4 ,! pr9ciples ( selection adopt$ by mod]n arti/s4 #gf ,sec4 #e4 ,g5]al feel+ ( ,claude1 ,salvator1 & ,g4 ,p\ss91 contra/$ ) ! fre$om & va/ness ( nature4 #gg ,sec4 #f4 ,inadequacy ( ! l&scape ( ,titian & ,t9toret4 #gh ,sec4 #g4 ,causes ( its want ( influ5ce on subsequ5t s*ools4 #gi ,sec4 #h4 ,! value ( inf]ior works ( art1 h[ to be e/imat$4 #hj ,sec4 #i4 ,religi\s l&scape ( ,italy4 ,! admirabl5ess ( its completion4 #ha ,sec4 #aj4 ,f9i%1 & ! want ( x1 h[ "r--& h[ wrong4 #hb ,sec4 #aa4 ,! op5 skies ( ! religi\s s*ools1 h[ valuable4 ,m\nta9 draw+ ( ,masaccio4 ,l&scape ( ! ,bell9is & ,giorgione4 #hd ,sec4 #ab4 ,l&scape ( ,titian & ,t9toret4 #hf ,sec4 #ac4 ,s*ools ( ,flor5ce1 ,milan1 & ,bologna4 #hh ,sec4 #ad4 ,claude1 ,salvator1 & ! ,p\ss9s4 #hi ,sec4 #ae4 ,g]man & ,flemi% l&scape4 #ij ,sec4 #af4 ,! l[] ,dut* s*ools4 #ib ,sec4 #ag4 ,engli% s*ool1 ,wilson & ,ga9sbor\gh4 #ic ,sec4 #ah4 ,con/able1 ,callcott4 #id ,sec4 #ai4 ,peculi> t5d5cy ( rec5t l&scape4 #ie ,sec4 #bj4 ,g4 ,robson1 ,d4 ,cox4 ,false use ( ! t]m /yle4 #ie ,sec4 #ba4 ,copley ,field+4 ,ph5om5a ( di/ant color4 #ig ,sec4 #bb4 ,beauty ( m\nta9 =egr\nd4 #ii ,sec4 #bc4 ,de ,w9t4 #aja ,sec4 #bd4 ,influ5ce ( ,engrav+4 ,j4 ,d4 ,h>d+4 #aja ,sec4 #be4 ,samuel ,pr\t4 ,e>ly pa9t+ ( ar*itecture1 h[ defici5t4 #ajc ,sec4 #bf4 ,effects ( age ^u build+s1 h[ f> desirable4 #ajd ,sec4 #bg4 ,effects ( light1 h[ necess>y to ! und]/&+ ( detail4 #ajf ,sec4 #bh4 ,ar*itectural pa9t+ ( ,g5tile ,bell9i & ,vittor ,c>paccio4 #ajg ,sec4 #bi4 ,& ( ! ,v5etians g5]ally4 #aji ,sec4 #cj4 ,fresco pa9t+ ( ! ,v5etian ext]iors4 ,canaletto4 #aaj ,sec4 #ca4 ,expression ( ! effects ( age on ,ar*itecture by ,s4 ,pr\t4 #aab ,sec4 #cb4 ,8 excell5t composition & color4 #aad ,sec4 #cc4 ,mod]n ar*itectural pa9t+ g5]ally4 ,g4 ,catt]mole4 #aae ,sec4 #cd4 ,! evil 9 an ar*aeological po9t ( view ( misappli$ inv5tion1 9 ar*itectural subject4 #aag ,sec4 #ce4 ,works ( ,david ,rob]ts3 _! fidelity & grace4 #aah ,sec4 #cf4 ,cl>kson ,/anfield4 #aba ,sec4 #cg4 ,j4 ,m4 ,w4 ,turn]4 ,=ce ( national feel+ 9 all great pa9t]s4 #abc ,sec4 #ch4 ,influ5ce ( ?is feel+ on ! *oice ( ,l&scape subject4 #abe ,sec4 #ci4 ,its peculi> manife/ation 9 ,turn]4 #abe ,sec4 #dj4 ,! dome/ic subjects ( ! ,lib] ,/udiorum4 #abg ,sec4 #da4 ,turn]'s pa9t+ ( ,fr5* & ,swiss l&scape4 ,! latt] defici5t4 #abi ,sec4 #db4 ,8 r5d]+ ( ,italian "* /ill less successful4 ,8 l>ge compositions h[ fail+ #acj ,sec4 #dc4 ,8 views ( ,italy de/roy$ by brilliancy & r$undant quantity4 #acc ,sec4 #dd4 ,*anges introduc$ by him 9 ! receiv$ sy/em ( art4 #acc ,sec4 #de4 ,difficulties ( 8 lat] mann]4 ,resultant defici5cies4 #acd ,sec4 #df4 ,reflection ( 8 v rec5t works4 #acg ,sec4 #dg4 ,difficulty ( demon/ration 9 su* subjects4 #aci ,,section ,,ii4 ,,( ,,g5]al ,,tru?s4 ,,*apt] ,i4--,( ,tru? ( ,tone4 ,sec4 #a4 ,mean+s ( ! ^w tone3--,fir/1 ! "r relation ( objects 9 %ad[ to ! pr9cipal light4 #adj ,sec4 #b4 ,secondly1 ! quality ( color by :i* x is felt to owe "p ( its brightness to ! hue ( light ^u x4 #adj ,sec4 #c4 ,diff]5ce betwe5 tone 9 its fir/ s5se & a]ial p]spective4 #ada ,sec4 #d4 ,! pictures ( ! old ma/]s p]fect 9 relation ( middle t9ts to light4 #ada ,sec4 #e4 ,& consequ5tly totally false 9 relation ( middle t9ts to d>kness4 #ada ,sec4 #f4 ,g5]al falsehood ( su* a sy/em4 #adc ,sec4 #g4 ,! pr9ciple ( ,turn] 9 ?is respect4 #adc ,sec4 #h4 ,comp>ison ( ,n4 ,p\ss9's ,phocion4 #add ,sec4 #i4 ,) ,turn]'s ,m]cury & ,argus4 #ade ,sec4 #aj4 ,& ) ! ,datur ,hora ,quieti4 #ade ,sec4 #aa4 ,! second s5se ( ! ^w tone4 #adf ,sec4 #ab4 ,rem>kable diff]5ce 9 ?is respect betwe5 ! pa9t+s & draw+s ( ,turn]4 #adf ,sec4 #ac4 ,n ow+ to want ( p[] ov] ! mat]ial #adf ,sec4 #ad4 ,! two di/9ct qualities ( light to be consid]$ #adg ,sec4 #ae4 ,falsehoods by :i* ,titian atta9s ! appe>ance ( quality 9 light4 #adh ,sec4 #af4 ,turn] w n use su* means4 #adh ,sec4 #ag4 ,b ga9s 9 ess5tial tru? by ! sacrifice4 #adh ,sec4 #ah4 ,! second quality ( light4 #adh ,sec4 #ai4 ,! p]fection ( ,cuyp 9 ?is respect int]f]$ ) by num]\s solecisms4 #aej ,sec4 #bj4 ,turn] is n s p]fect 9 p>ts--f> m s 9 ! :ole4 #aea ,sec4 #ba4 ,! p[] 9 ,turn] ( unit+ a numb] ( tones4 #aeb ,sec4 #bb4 ,recapitulation4 #aec ,,*apt] ,,ii4--,( ,tru? ( ,color4 ,sec4 #a4 ,obs]vations on ! color ( ,g4 ,p\ss9's ,la ,riccia4 #aee ,sec4 #b4 ,z comp>$ ) ! actual sc5e4 #aee ,sec4 #c4 ,turn] himself is inf]ior 9 brilliancy to nature4 #aeg ,sec4 #d4 ,impossible colors ( ,salvator1 ,titian4 #aeg ,sec4 #e4 ,p\ss91 & ,claude4 #aeh ,sec4 #f4 ,turn]'s translation ( colors4 #afj ,sec4 #g4 ,notice ( effects 9 :i* no brilliancy ( art c ev5 approa* t ( reality4 #afa ,sec4 #h4 ,reasons = ! usual incr$ulity ( ! obs]v] ) respect to _! repres5tation #afb ,sec4 #i4 ,color ( ! ,napoleon4 #afc ,sec4 #aj4 ,necess>y discrepancy betwe5 ! atta9able brilliancy ( color & light4 #afd ,sec4 #aa4 ,?is discrepancy less 9 ,turn] ?an 9 o!r colori/s4 #afe ,sec4 #ab4 ,its great ext5t 9 a l&scape attribut$ to ,rub5s4 #afe ,sec4 #ac4 ,turn] sc>cely ev] uses pure or vivid color4 #aff ,sec4 #ad4 ,! basis ( gray1 "u all 8 vivid hues4 #afg ,sec4 #ae4 ,! v>iety & fulness ev5 ( 8 mo/ simple tones4 #afh ,sec4 #af4 ,foll[+ ! inf9ite & unapproa*able v>iety ( nature4 #afh ,sec4 #ag4 ,8 dislike ( purple1 & fondness = ! opposition ( yell[ & black4 ,! pr9ciples ( nature 9 ?is respect4 #afi ,sec4 #ah4 ,8 e>ly works are false 9 color4 #agj ,sec4 #ai4 ,8 draw+s inv>iably p]fect4 #aga ,sec4 #bj4 ,! subjection ( 8 sy/em ( color to t ( *i>oscuro4 #aga ,,*apt] ,,iii4--,( ,tru? ( ,*i>oscuro4 ,sec4 #a4 ,we are n at pres5t to exam9e p>ticul> effects ( light4 #agd ,sec4 #b4 ,& !re=e ! di/9ctness ( %ad[s is ! *ief means ( express+ vividness ( light4 #age ,sec4 #c4 ,total abs5ce ( su* di/9ctness 9 ! works ( ! ,italian s*ool4 #age ,sec4 #d4 ,& p>tial abs5ce 9 ! ,dut*4 #agf ,sec4 #e4 ,! p]fection ( ,turn]'s works 9 ?is respect4 #agg ,sec4 #f4 ,! effect ( 8 %ad[s ^u ! light4 #agh ,sec4 #g4 ,! di/9ction holds good betwe5 almo/ all ! works ( ! anci5t & mod]n s*ools4 #agi ,sec4 #h4 ,second great pr9ciple ( *i>oscuro4 ,bo? high light & deep %ad[ are us$ 9 equal quantity1 & only 9 po9ts4 #ahj ,sec4 #i4 ,neglect or contradiction ( ?is pr9ciple by writ]s on art4 #ahj ,sec4 #aj4 ,& consequ5t misguid+ ( ! /ud5t4 #aha ,sec4 #aa4 ,! great value ( a simple *i>oscuro4 #ahb ,sec4 #ab4 ,! %>p sep>ation ( nature's lights f h] middle t9t4 #ahb ,sec4 #ac4 ,! tru? ( ,turn]4 #ahc ,,*apt] ,,iv4--,( ,tru? ( ,space3--,fir/1 z ,dep5d5t on ! ,focus ( ! ,eye4 ,sec4 #a4 ,space is m cle>ly indicat$ by ! draw+ ( objects ?an by _! hue4 #ahe ,sec4 #b4 ,x is impossible to see objects at unequal di/ances di/9ctly at "o mom5t4 #ahf ,sec4 #c4 ,especially su* z are bo? comp>atively ne>4 #ahf ,sec4 #d4 ,9 pa9t+1 !re=e1 ei!r ! =egr\nd or di/ance mu/ be p>tially sacrific$4 #ahg ,sec4 #e4 ,:i* n be+ done by ! old ma/]s1 !y c\ld n express space4 #ahg ,sec4 #f4 ,b mod]n arti/s h succe$$ 9 fully c>ry+ out ?is pr9ciple4 #ahh ,sec4 #g4 ,especially ( ,turn]4 #ahi ,sec4 #h4 ,ju/ification ( ! want ( draw+ 9 ,turn]'s figures4 #ahi ,,*apt] ,v4--,( ,tru? ( ,space3--,secondly1 z its ,appe>ance is dep5d5t on ! ,p[] ( ! ,eye4 ,sec4 #a4 ,! peculi> indi/9ctness dep5d5t on ! retirem5t ( objects f ! eye4 #aia ,sec4 #b4 ,causes confusion1 b n annihilation ( details4 #aia ,sec4 #c4 ,in/ances 9 v>i\s objects4 #aib ,sec4 #d4 ,two great resultant tru?s2 t nature is nev] di/9ct1 & nev] vacant4 #aic ,sec4 #e4 ,complete violation ( bo? ^! pr9ciples by ! old ma/]s4 ,!y are ei!r di/9ct or vacant4 #aic ,sec4 #f4 ,in/ances f ,ni*olas ,p\ss94 #aid ,sec4 #g4 ,f ,claude4 #aid ,sec4 #h4 ,& ,g4 ,p\ss94 #aie ,sec4 #i4 ,! imp]ative necessity1 9 l&scape pa9t+1 ( fulness & f9i%4 #aif ,sec4 #aj4 ,bread? is n vacancy4 #aig ,sec4 #aa4 ,! fulness & my/]y ( ,turn]'s di/ances4 #aih ,sec4 #ab4 ,f>!r illu/rations 9 ar*itectural draw+4 #aii ,sec4 #ac4 ,9 ne> objects z well z di/ances4 #aii ,sec4 #ad4 ,vacancy & falsehood ( ,canaletto4 #bjj ,sec4 #ae4 ,/ill great] fulness & f9i% 9 l&scape =egr\nds4 #bjj ,sec4 #af4 ,space & size are de/roy$ alike by di/9ctness & by vacancy4 #bjb ,sec4 #ag4 ,swift execution be/ secures p]fection ( details4 #bjb ,sec4 #ah4 ,f9i% is f> m necess>y 9 l&scape ?an 9 hi/orical subjects4 #bjb ,sec4 #ai4 ,recapitulation ( ! section4 #bjc ,,section ,,iii4 ,,( ,,tru? ,,( ,,skies4 ,,*apt] ,i4--,( ! ,op5 ,sky4 ,sec4 #a4 ,! peculi> adaptation ( ! sky to ! pleas+ & tea*+ ( man4 #bjd ,sec4 #b4 ,! c>elessness ) :i* its lessons are receiv$4 #bje ,sec4 #c4 ,! mo/ ess5tial ( ^! lessons are ! g5tle/4 #bje ,sec4 #d4 ,_m ( our ideas ( sky altoge!r conv5tional4 #bje ,sec4 #e4 ,nature1 & ess5tial qualities ( ! op5 blue4 #bjf ,sec4 #f4 ,its connection ) cl\ds4 #bjg ,sec4 #g4 ,its exce$+ dep?4 #bjg ,sec4 #h4 ,^! qualities are especially giv5 by mod]n ma/]s4 #bjg ,sec4 #i4 ,& by ,claude4 #bjh ,sec4 #aj4 ,total abs5ce ( !m 9 ,p\ss94 ,physical errors 9 8 g5]al treatm5t ( op5 sky4 #bjh ,sec4 #aa4 ,errors ( ,cuyp 9 graduation ( color4 #bji ,sec4 #ab4 ,! exce$+ value ( ! skies ( ! e>ly ,italian & ,dut* s*ools4 ,_! qualities are unatta9able 9 mod]n times4 #baj ,sec4 #ac4 ,ph5om5a ( visible sunbeams4 ,_! nature & cause4 #baa ,sec4 #ad4 ,!y are only illum9at$ mi/1 & _c appe> :5 ! sky is free f vapor1 nor :5 x is )\t cl\ds4 #baa ,sec4 #ae4 ,errone\s t5d5cy 9 ! repres5tation ( su* ph5om5a by ! old ma/]s4 #bab ,sec4 #af4 ,! ray :i* appe>s 9 ! dazzl$ eye %\ld n be repres5t$4 #bac ,sec4 #ag4 ,! practice ( ,turn]4 ,8 ke5 p]ception ( ! m delicate ph5om5a ( rays4 #bac ,sec4 #ah4 ,! total abs5ce ( any evid5ce ( su* p]ception 9 ! works ( ! old ma/]s4 #bac ,sec4 #ai4 ,tru? ( ! skies ( mod]n draw+s4 #bad ,sec4 #bj4 ,recapitulation4 ,! be/ skies ( ! anci5ts are1 9 quality1 inimitable1 b 9 r5d]+ ( v>i\s tru?1 *ildi%4 #bae ,,*apt] ,,ii4--,( ,tru? ( ,cl\ds3--,fir/1 ( ! ,region ( ! ,cirrus4 ,sec4 #a4 ,difficulty ( asc]ta9+ :]e9 ! tru? ( cl\ds consi/s4 #baf ,sec4 #b4 ,v>iation ( _! "* at diff]5t elevations4 ,! ?ree regions to :i* !y may conv5i5tly be consid]$ z belong+4 #baf ,sec4 #c4 ,ext5t ( ! upp] region4 #bag ,sec4 #d4 ,! symmetrical arrangem5t ( its cl\ds4 #bag ,sec4 #e4 ,_! exce$+ delicacy4 #bah ,sec4 #f4 ,_! numb]4 #bah ,sec4 #g4 ,causes ( _! peculi>ly delicate color+4 #bai ,sec4 #h4 ,_! v>iety ( =m4 #bai ,sec4 #i4 ,total abs5ce ( ev5 ! slighte/ ef=t at _! repres5tation1 9 anci5t l&scape4 #bbj ,sec4 #aj4 ,! int5se & con/ant /udy ( !m by ,turn]4 #bba ,sec4 #aa4 ,8 vignette1 ,sunrise on ! ,sea4 #bbb ,sec4 #ab4 ,8 use ( ! cirrus 9 express+ mi/4 #bbc ,sec4 #ac4 ,8 consi/5cy 9 e m9or feature4 #bbd ,sec4 #ad4 ,! color ( ! upp] cl\ds4 #bbd ,sec4 #ae4 ,recapitulation4 #bbe ,,*apt] ,,iii4--,( ,tru? ( ,cl\ds3--,secondly1 ( ! ,c5tral ,cl\d ,region4 ,sec4 #a4 ,ext5t & typical "* ( ! c5tral cl\d region4 #bbf ,sec4 #b4 ,its *>act]i/ic cl\ds1 requir+ no att5tion nor ?\ght = _! repres5tation1 are !re=e favorite subjects ) ! old ma/]s4 #bbf ,sec4 #c4 ,! cl\ds ( ,salvator & ,p\ss94 #bbg ,sec4 #d4 ,_! ess5tial *>act]s4 #bbg ,sec4 #e4 ,_! angul> =ms & g5]al decision ( outl9e4 #bbh ,sec4 #f4 ,! composition ( _! m9or curves4 #bbi ,sec4 #g4 ,_! *>act]s1 z giv5 by ,s4 ,rosa4 #bcj ,sec4 #h4 ,monotony & falsehood ( ! cl\ds ( ! ,italian s*ool g5]ally4 #bcj ,sec4 #i4 ,va/ size ( congregat$ masses ( cl\d4 #bca ,sec4 #aj4 ,demon/rable by comp>ison ) m\nta9 ranges4 #bca ,sec4 #aa4 ,& consequ5t divisions & v>ieties ( feature4 #bcb ,sec4 #ab4 ,n lightly to be omitt$4 #bcb ,sec4 #ac4 ,imp]fect conceptions ( ?is size & ext5t 9 anci5t l&scape4 #bcc ,sec4 #ad4 ,total want ( transp>5cy & evanesc5ce 9 ! cl\ds ( anci5t l&scape4 #bcd ,sec4 #ae4 ,f>!r pro( ( _! defici5cy 9 space4 #bce ,sec4 #af4 ,in/ance ( p]fect tru? 9 ! sky ( ,turn]'s ,babylon4 #bcf ,sec4 #ag4 ,& 9 8 ,pools ( ,solomon4 #bcg ,sec4 #ah4 ,tru?s ( outl9e & "* 9 8 ,como4 #bcg ,sec4 #ai4 ,association ( ! cirro/ratus ) ! cumulus4 #bch ,sec4 #bj4 ,! deep-bas$ k ( ! ,alps 9 ,turn]'s ,lake ( ,g5eva4 #bch ,sec4 #ba4 ,f>!r pr9ciples ( cl\d =m exemplifi$ 9 8 ,amalfi4 #bci ,sec4 #bb4 ,reasons = insi/+ on ! inf9ity ( ,turn]'s works4 ,inf9ity is almo/ an un]r+ te/ ( all tru?4 #bci ,sec4 #bc4 ,in/ances ( ! total want ( x 9 ! works ( ,salvator4 #bdj ,sec4 #bd4 ,& ( ! univ]sal pres5ce ( x 9 ^? ( ,turn]4 ,! conclusions :i* may be arriv$ at f x4 #bdj ,sec4 #be4 ,! multiplication ( objects1 or increase ( _! size1 w n give ! impression ( inf9ity1 b is ! res\rce ( novices4 #bda ,sec4 #bf4 ,f>!r in/ances ( inf9ity 9 ! gray skies ( ,turn]4 #bdb ,sec4 #bg4 ,! excell5ce ( ! cl\d-draw+ ( ,/anfield4 #bdb ,sec4 #bh4 ,! av]age /&+ ( ! ,engli% s*ool4 #bdc ,,*apt] ,,iv4--,( ,tru? ( ,cl\ds3--,?irdly1 ( ! ,region ( ! ,ra9-,cl\d4 ,sec4 #a4 ,! app>5t diff]5ce 9 "* betwe5 ! l[] & c5tral cl\ds is dep5d5t *iefly on proximity4 #bdd ,sec4 #b4 ,_! m>k$ diff]5ces 9 color4 #bdd ,sec4 #c4 ,& 9 def9it5ess ( =m4 #bde ,sec4 #d4 ,!y are subject to precisely ! same great laws4 #bde ,sec4 #e4 ,value1 to ! pa9t]1 ( ! ra9-cl\d4 #bdf ,sec4 #f4 ,! old ma/]s h n left a s+le in/ance ( ! pa9t+ ( ! ra9-cl\d1 & v few ef=ts at x4 ,gasp> ,p\ss9's /orms4 #bdg ,sec4 #g4 ,! great p[] ( ! mod]ns 9 ?is respect4 #bdh ,sec4 #h4 ,works ( ,copley ,field+4 #bdh ,sec4 #i4 ,8 peculi> tru?4 #bdh ,sec4 #aj4 ,8 weakness1 & its probable cause4 #bdi ,sec4 #aa4 ,impossibility ( reason+ on ! ra9-cl\ds ( ,turn] f engrav+s4 #bej ,sec4 #ab4 ,8 r5d]+ ( ,field+'s p>ticul> mom5t 9 ! ,jumieges4 #bej ,sec4 #ac4 ,illu/ration ( ! nature ( cl\ds 9 ! oppos$ =ms ( smoke & /eam4 #bej ,sec4 #ad4 ,mom5t ( retir+ ra9 9 ! ,llan?ony4 #bea ,sec4 #ae4 ,& ( comm5c+1 *os5 ) peculi> mean+ = ,lo* ,corisk94 #beb ,sec4 #af4 ,! draw+ ( transp>5t vapor 9 ! ,l&'s ,end4 #bec ,sec4 #ag4 ,! individual "* ( its p>ts4 #bec ,sec4 #ah4 ,deep-/udi$ =m ( swift ra9-cl\d 9 ! ,cov5try4 #bed ,sec4 #ai4 ,comp>$ ) =ms giv5 by ,salvator4 #bed ,sec4 #bj4 ,entire expression ( tempe/ by m9ute t\*es & circum/ances 9 ! ,cov5try4 #bee ,sec4 #ba4 ,especially by contra/ ) a passage ( extreme repose4 #bee ,sec4 #bb4 ,! tru? ( ?is p>ticul> passage4 ,p]fectly pure blue sky only se5 aft] ra91 & h[ se54 #bef ,sec4 #bc4 ,abs5ce ( ?is effect 9 ! works ( ! old ma/]s4 #bef ,sec4 #bd4 ,success ( our wat]-color arti/s 9 its r5d]+4 ,use ( x by ,turn]4 #beg ,sec4 #be4 ,expression ( ne> ra9-cl\d 9 ! ,gosport1 & o!r works4 #beg ,sec4 #bf4 ,contra/$ ) ,gasp> ,p\ss9's ra9-cl\d 9 ! ,dido & ,a5eas4 #beh ,sec4 #bg4 ,turn]'s p[] ( r5d]+ mi/4 #beh ,sec4 #bh4 ,8 effects ( mi/ s p]fect1 t if n at once und]/ood1 !y c no m be expla9$ or reason$ on ?an nature h]self4 #bei ,sec4 #bi4 ,v>i\s in/ances4 #bei ,sec4 #cj4 ,turn]'s m viol5t effects ( tempe/ are nev] r5d]$ by engrav]s4 #bfj ,sec4 #ca4 ,g5]al sy/em ( l&scape engrav+4 #bfj ,sec4 #cb4 ,! /orm 9 ! ,/oneh5ge4 #bfj ,sec4 #cc4 ,g5]al "* ( su* effects z giv5 by ,turn]4 ,8 expression ( fall+ ra94 #bfa ,sec4 #cd4 ,recapitulation ( ! section4 #bfa ,sec4 #ce4 ,sket* ( a few ( ! skies ( nature1 tak5 z a :ole1 comp>$ ) ! works ( ,turn] & ( ! old ma/]s4 ,morn+ on ! pla9s4 #bfb ,sec4 #cf4 ,noon ) ga!r+ /orms4 #bfc ,sec4 #cg4 ,sunset 9 tempe/4 ,s]5e midnight4 #bfd ,sec4 #ch4 ,& sunrise on ! ,alps4 #bfd ,,*apt] ,v4--,effects ( ,light r5d]$ by ,mod]n ,art4 ,sec4 #a4 ,reasons = m]ely1 at pres5t1 nam+1 )\t exam9+ ! p>ticul> effects ( light r5d]$ by ,turn]4 #bff ,sec4 #b4 ,hopes ( ! au?or = assi/ance 9 ! future inve/igation ( !m4 #bff ,,section ,,iv4 ,,( ,,tru? ,,( ,,e>?4 ,,*apt] ,i4--,( ,g5]al ,/ructure4 ,sec4 #a4 ,fir/ laws ( ! organization ( ! e>?1 & _! importance 9 art4 #bgj ,sec4 #b4 ,! slight att5tion ord9>ily paid to !m4 ,_! c>eful /udy by mod]n arti/s4 #bga ,sec4 #c4 ,g5]al /ructure ( ! e>?4 ,! hills are its action1 ! pla9s its re/4 #bga ,sec4 #d4 ,m\nta9s come out f und]nea? ! pla9s1 & are _! support4 #bgb ,sec4 #e4 ,/ructure ( ! pla9s !mselves4 ,_! p]fect level1 :5 deposit$ by quiet wat]4 #bgc ,sec4 #f4 ,illu/rat$ by ,turn]'s ,m>5go4 #bgc ,sec4 #g4 ,g5]al divisions ( =mation result+ f ?is arrangem5t4 ,plan ( inve/igation4 #bgd ,,*apt] ,,ii4--,( ! ,c5tral ,m\nta9s4 ,sec4 #a4 ,simil> "* ( ! c5tral peaks 9 all p>ts ( ! _w4 #bge ,sec4 #b4 ,_! arrangem5ts 9 pyramids or w$ges1 divid$ by v]tical fissures4 #bge ,sec4 #c4 ,caus+ gr\ps ( rock resembl+ an arti*oke or rose4 #bgf ,sec4 #d4 ,! fai?ful /atem5t ( ^! facts by ,turn] 9 8 ,alps at ,daybreak4 #bgf ,sec4 #e4 ,vignette ( ! ,&es & o!rs4 #bgg ,sec4 #f4 ,necess>y di/ance1 & consequ5t a]ial effect on all su* m\nta9s4 #bgg ,sec4 #g4 ,total want ( any r5d]+ ( _! ph5om5a 9 anci5t art4 #bgh ,sec4 #h4 ,"* ( ! repres5tations ( ,alps 9 ! di/ances ( ,claude4 #bgh ,sec4 #i4 ,_! total want ( magnitude & a]ial di/ance4 #bgi ,sec4 #aj4 ,& violation ( specific =m4 #bhj ,sec4 #aa4 ,ev5 9 8 be/ works4 #bhj ,sec4 #ab4 ,f>!r illu/ration ( ! di/ant "* ( m\nta9 *a9s4 #bha ,sec4 #ac4 ,_! excessive appe>ance ( transp>5cy4 #bha ,sec4 #ad4 ,illu/rat$ f ! works ( ,turn] & ,/anfield4 ,! ,borromean ,isl&s ( ! latt]4 #bhb ,sec4 #ae4 ,turn]'s ,arona4 #bhc ,sec4 #af4 ,extreme di/ance ( l>ge objects always *>act]iz$ by v %>p outl9e4 #bhc ,sec4 #ag4 ,want ( ?is decision 9 ,claude4 #bhd ,sec4 #ah4 ,! p]petual r5d]+ ( x by ,turn]4 #bhe ,sec4 #ai4 ,effects ( sn[1 h[ imp]fectly /udi$4 #bhe ,sec4 #bj4 ,g5]al pr9ciples ( its =ms on ! ,alps4 #bhg ,sec4 #ba4 ,av]age pa9t+s ( ,switz]l&4 ,its real _s has sc>cely yet be5 caught4 #bhi ,,*apt] ,,iii4--,( ! ,inf]ior ,m\nta9s4 ,sec4 #a4 ,! inf]ior m\nta9s are di/+ui%$ f ! c5tral1 by be+ divid$ into b$s4 #bij ,sec4 #b4 ,f>!r division ( ^! b$s by jo9ts4 #bij ,sec4 #c4 ,& by l9es ( lam9ation4 #bia ,sec4 #d4 ,v>iety & seem+ unc]ta9ty "u :i* ^! laws are manife/$4 #bia ,sec4 #e4 ,! p]fect expression ( !m 9 ,turn]'s ,lo* ,corisk94 #bib ,sec4 #f4 ,gl5coe & o!r works4 #bic ,sec4 #g4 ,especially ! ,m\nt ,lebanon4 #bic ,sec4 #h4 ,comp>$ ) ! "w ( ,salvator4 #bid ,sec4 #i4 ,& ( ,p\ss94 #bie ,sec4 #aj4 ,effects ( ext]nal influ5ce on m\nta9 =m4 #bif ,sec4 #aa4 ,! g5tle convexity caus$ by aque\s erosion4 #big ,sec4 #ab4 ,& ! effect ( ! action ( torr5ts4 #big ,sec4 #ac4 ,! exce$+ simplicity ( cont\r caus$ by ^! influ5ces4 #bih ,sec4 #ad4 ,& multiplicity ( feature4 #bii ,sec4 #ae4 ,bo? utt]ly neglect$ 9 anci5t art4 #bii ,sec4 #af4 ,! fidelity ( treatm5t 9 ,turn]'s ,daphne & ,leucippus4 #cjj ,sec4 #ag4 ,& 9 ! ,avalan*e & ,inundation4 #cjj ,sec4 #ah4 ,! r>ity among second>y hills ( /eep slopes or high precipices4 #cja ,sec4 #ai4 ,& consequ5t expression ( horizontal di/ance 9 _! asc5t4 #cjb ,sec4 #bj4 ,full /atem5t ( all ^! facts 9 v>i\s works ( ,turn]4--,caudebec1 etc4 #cjb ,sec4 #ba4 ,! use ( consid]+ geological tru?s4 #cjc ,sec4 #bb4 ,expression ( retir+ surface by ,turn] contra/$ ) ! "w ( ,claude4 #cjd ,sec4 #bc4 ,! same mod]ation ( slope 9 ! cont\rs ( 8 high] hills4 #cjd ,sec4 #bd4 ,! peculi> difficulty ( inve/igat+ ! m ess5tial tru?s ( hill outl9e4 #cje ,sec4 #be4 ,works ( o!r mod]n arti/s4--,cl>kson ,/anfield4 #cje ,sec4 #bf4 ,importance ( p>ticul> & individual tru? 9 hill draw+4 #cjf ,sec4 #bg4 ,works ( ,copley ,field+4 ,8 high feel+4 #cjg ,sec4 #bh4 ,works ( ,j4 ,d4 ,h>d+ & o!rs4 #cjh ,,*apt] ,,iv4--,( ! ,=egr\nd4 ,sec4 #a4 ,:at rocks 7 ! *ief compon5ts ( anci5t l&scape =egr\nd4 #cji ,sec4 #b4 ,salvator's lime/ones4 ,! real *>act]s ( ! rock4 ,its fractures1 & obtus5ess ( angles4 #cji ,sec4 #c4 ,salvator's acute angles caus$ by ! meet+ ( concave curves4 #caj ,sec4 #d4 ,peculi> di/9ctness ( light & %ade 9 ! rocks ( nature4 #caa ,sec4 #e4 ,peculi> confusion ( bo? 9 ! rocks ( ,salvator4 #caa ,sec4 #f4 ,& total want ( any expression ( h>dness or brittl5ess4 #caa ,sec4 #g4 ,in/ances 9 p>ticul> pictures4 #cab ,sec4 #h4 ,comp>$ ) ! works ( ,/anfield4 #cab ,sec4 #i4 ,_! absolute opposition 9 e p>ticul>4 #cac ,sec4 #aj4 ,! rocks ( ,j4 ,d4 ,h>d+4 #cac ,sec4 #aa4 ,*>act]s ( loose e>? & soil4 #cad ,sec4 #ab4 ,its exce$+ grace & fulness ( feature4 #cae ,sec4 #ac4 ,! gr\nd ( ,t5i]s4 #cae ,sec4 #ad4 ,importance ( ^! m9or p>ts & po9ts4 #caf ,sec4 #ae4 ,! obs]vance ( !m is ! real di/9ction betwe5 ! ma/] & ! novice4 #caf ,sec4 #af4 ,gr\nd ( ,cuyp4 #cag ,sec4 #ag4 ,& ( ,claude4 #cag ,sec4 #ah4 ,! entire weakness & *ildi%ness ( ! latt]4 #cah ,sec4 #ai4 ,comp>$ ) ! "w ( ,turn]4 #cah ,sec4 #bj4 ,g5]al features ( ,turn]'s =egr\nd4 #cai ,sec4 #ba4 ,geological /ructure ( 8 rocks 9 ! ,fall ( ! ,tees4 #cai ,sec4 #bb4 ,_! convex surfaces & fractur$ edges4 #cai ,sec4 #bc4 ,& p]fect unity4 #cbj ,sec4 #bd4 ,v>i\s p>ts ^: hi/ory is told u by ! details ( ! draw+4 #cba ,sec4 #be4 ,beautiful in/ance ( an exception to g5]al rules 9 ! ,llan?ony4 #cba ,sec4 #bf4 ,turn]'s draw+ ( deta*$ blocks ( wea!r$ /one4 #cbb ,sec4 #bg4 ,& ( complicat$ =egr\nd4 #cbc ,sec4 #bh4 ,& ( loose soil4 #cbc ,sec4 #bi4 ,! unison ( all 9 ! ideal =egr\nds ( ! ,academy pictures4 #cbd ,sec4 #cj4 ,& ! great lesson to be receiv$ f all4 #cbd ,,section ,v4 ,,( ,,tru? ,,( ,,wat]4 ,,*apt] ,i4--,( ,wat]1 z ,pa9t$ by ! ,anci5ts4 ,sec4 #a4 ,sket* ( ! functions & inf9ite ag5cy ( wat]4 #cbe ,sec4 #b4 ,! ease ) :i* a common repres5tation ( x may be giv54 ,! impossibility ( a fai?ful "o4 #cbe ,sec4 #c4 ,difficulty ( prop]ly divid+ ! subject4 #cbf ,sec4 #d4 ,inaccuracy ( /udy ( wat]-effect among all pa9t]s4 #cbf ,sec4 #e4 ,difficulty ( treat+ ?is "p ( ! subject4 #cbh ,sec4 #f4 ,g5]al laws :i* regulate ! ph5om5a ( wat]4 ,fir/1 ,! imp]fection ( its reflective surface4 #cbi ,sec4 #g4 ,! inh]5t hue ( wat] modifies d>k reflections1 & does n affect "r ones4 #ccj ,sec4 #h4 ,wat] takes no %ad[4 #cca ,sec4 #i4 ,modification ( d>k reflections by %ad[4 #ccb ,sec4 #aj4 ,examples on ! wat]s ( ! ,rhone4 #ccc ,sec4 #aa4 ,effect ( ripple on di/ant wat]4 #cce ,sec4 #ab4 ,elongation ( reflections by mov+ wat]4 #cce ,sec4 #ac4 ,effect ( rippl$ wat] on horizontal & incl9$ images4 #ccf ,sec4 #ad4 ,to :at ext5t reflection is visible f above4 #ccf ,sec4 #ae4 ,deflection ( images on agitat$ wat]4 #ccg ,sec4 #af4 ,necessity ( wat*fulness z well z ( sci5ce4 ,lic5ses1 h[ tak5 by great m54 #ccg ,sec4 #ag4 ,v>i\s lic5ses or errors 9 wat] pa9t+ ( ,claude1 ,cuyp1 ,v&evelde4 #cci ,sec4 #ah4 ,& ,canaletto4 #cda ,sec4 #ai4 ,:y unp>donable4 #cdb ,sec4 #bj4 ,! ,dut* pa9t]s ( sea4 #cdc ,sec4 #ba4 ,ruysdael1 ,claude1 & ,salvator4 #cdd ,sec4 #bb4 ,nicolo ,p\ss94 #cde ,sec4 #bc4 ,v5etians & ,flor5t9es4 ,conclusion4 #cdf ,,*apt] ,,ii4--,( ,wat]1 z ,pa9t$ by ! ,mod]ns4 ,sec4 #a4 ,g5]al p[] ( ! mod]ns 9 pa9t+ quiet wat]4 ,! lakes ( ,field+4 #cdh ,sec4 #b4 ,! calm riv]s ( ,de ,w9t1 ,j4 ,holl&1 c4 #cdh ,sec4 #c4 ,! "* ( bright & viol5t fall+ wat]4 #cdi ,sec4 #d4 ,z giv5 by ,nesfield4 #cdi ,sec4 #e4 ,! admirable wat]-draw+ ( ,j4 ,d4 ,h>d+4 #cej ,sec4 #f4 ,8 color2 & pa9t+ ( sea4 #cej ,sec4 #g4 ,! sea ( ,copley ,field+4 ,its exce$+ grace & rapidity4 #cea ,sec4 #h4 ,its high aim at "*4 #cea ,sec4 #i4 ,b defici5cy 9 ! requisite quality ( grays4 #ceb ,sec4 #aj4 ,v>iety ( ! grays ( nature4 #ceb ,sec4 #aa4 ,works ( ,/anfield4 ,8 p]fect k & p[]4 #cec ,sec4 #ab4 ,b want ( feel+4 ,g5]al sum ( tru? pres5t$ by mod]n art4 #cec ,,*apt] ,,iii4--,( ,wat]1 z ,pa9t$ by ,turn]4 ,sec4 #a4 ,! difficulty ( giv+ surface to smoo? wat]4 #cee ,sec4 #b4 ,is dep5d5t on ! /ructure ( ! eye1 & ! focus by :i* ! reflect$ rays are p]ceiv$4 #cee ,sec4 #c4 ,morbid cle>ness occasion$ 9 pa9t+ ( wat] by di/9ctness ( reflections4 #cef ,sec4 #d4 ,h[ avoid$ by ,turn]4 #ceg ,sec4 #e4 ,all reflections on di/ant wat] are di/9ct4 #ceg ,sec4 #f4 ,! error ( ,v&evelde4 #ceh ,sec4 #g4 ,diff]5ce 9 arrangem5t ( p>ts betwe5 ! reflect$ object & its image4 #cei ,sec4 #h4 ,illu/rat$ f ! works ( ,turn]4 #cei ,sec4 #i4 ,! boldness & judgm5t %[n 9 ! obs]vance ( x4 #cfj ,sec4 #aj4 ,! texture ( surface 9 ,turn]'s pa9t+ ( calm wat]4 #cfa ,sec4 #aa4 ,its unit$ qualities4 #cfa ,sec4 #ab4 ,relation ( v>i\s circum/ances ( pa/ agitation1 c41 by ! mo/ trifl+ incid5ts1 z 9 ! ,c[es4 #cfc ,sec4 #ac4 ,9 sc5es on ! ,loire & ,se9e4 #cfc ,sec4 #ad4 ,expression ( contr>y waves caus$ by recoil f %ore4 #cfd ,sec4 #ae4 ,v>i\s o!r in/ances4 #cfd ,sec4 #af4 ,turn]'s pa9t+ ( di/ant expanses ( wat]4--,calm1 int]rupt$ by ripple4 #cfe ,sec4 #ag4 ,& rippl$1 cross$ by sun%9e4 #cfe ,sec4 #ah4 ,8 draw+ ( di/ant riv]s4 #cff ,sec4 #ai4 ,& ( surface associat$ ) mi/4 #cfg ,sec4 #bj4 ,8 draw+ ( fall+ wat]1 ) peculi> expression ( weight4 #cfg ,sec4 #ba4 ,! ab&onm5t & plunge ( great cat>acts4 ,h[ giv5 by him4 #cfh ,sec4 #bb4 ,diff]5ce 9 ! action ( wat]1 :5 cont9u\s & :5 int]rupt$4 ,! int]rupt$ /ream fills ! holl[s ( its b$4 #cfi ,sec4 #bc4 ,b ! cont9u\s /ream takes ! %ape ( its b$4 #cgj ,sec4 #bd4 ,its exquisite curv$ l9es4 #cgj ,sec4 #be4 ,turn]'s c>eful *oice ( ! hi/orical tru?4 #cgj ,sec4 #bf4 ,8 exquisite draw+ ( ! cont9u\s torr5t 9 ! ,llan?ony ,abbey4 #cga ,sec4 #bg4 ,& ( ! int]rupt$ torr5t 9 ! ,m]cury & ,argus4 #cgb ,sec4 #bh4 ,v>i\s cases4 #cgb ,sec4 #bi4 ,sea pa9t+4 ,impossibility ( truly repres5t+ foam4 #cgc ,sec4 #cj4 ,"* ( %ore-break]s1 also inexpressible4 #cgd ,sec4 #ca4 ,_! effect h[ injur$ :5 se5 f ! %ore4 #cge ,sec4 #cb4 ,turn]'s expression ( heavy roll+ sea4 #cgf ,sec4 #cc4 ,) peculi> expression ( weight4 #cgf ,sec4 #cd4 ,peculi> action ( recoil+ waves4 #cgg ,sec4 #ce4 ,& ( ! /roke ( a break] on ! %ore4 #cgg ,sec4 #cf4 ,g5]al "* ( sea on a rocky coa/ giv5 by ,turn] 9 ! ,l&'s ,end4 #cgh ,sec4 #cg4 ,op5 seas ( ,turn]'s e>li] "t4 #cgi ,sec4 #ch4 ,effect ( sea aft] prolong$ /orm4 #chj ,sec4 #ci4 ,turn]'s noble/ "w1 ! pa9t+ ( ! deep op5 sea 9 ! ,slave ,%ip4 #chb ,sec4 #dj4 ,its unit$ excell5ces & p]fection z a :ole4 #chc ,,section ,,vi4 ,,( ,,tru? ,,( ,,vegetation4--,,conclusion4 ,,*apt] ,i4--,( ,tru? ( ,vegetation4 ,sec4 #a4 ,frequ5t occurr5ce ( foliage 9 ! works ( ! old ma/]s4 #chd ,sec4 #b4 ,laws common to all =e/ trees4 ,_! bran*es d n tap]1 b only divide4 #che ,sec4 #c4 ,appe>ance ( tap]+ caus$ by frequ5t buds4 #che ,sec4 #d4 ,& c>e ( nature to conceal ! p>allelism4 #chf ,sec4 #e4 ,! degree ( tap]+ :i* may be repres5t$ z cont9u\s4 #chf ,sec4 #f4 ,! trees ( ,gasp> ,p\ss94 #chf ,sec4 #g4 ,& ( ! ,italian s*ool g5]ally1 defy ?is law4 #chg ,sec4 #h4 ,! tru?1 z x is giv5 by ,j4 ,d4 ,h>d+4 #chg ,sec4 #i4 ,b\ghs1 9 consequ5ce ( ?is law1 mu/ dim9i% :]e !y divide4 ,^? ( ! old ma/]s (t5 d n4 #chh ,sec4 #aj4 ,b\ghs mu/ multiply z !y dim9i%4 ,^? ( ! old ma/]s d n4 #chi ,sec4 #aa4 ,b\gh-draw+ ( ,salvator4 #cij ,sec4 #ab4 ,all ^! errors especially %[n 9 ,claude's sket*es1 & conc5trat$ 9 a "w ( ,g4 ,p\ss9's4 #cia ,sec4 #ac4 ,impossibility ( ! angles ( b\ghs be+ tak5 out ( !m by w9d4 #cib ,sec4 #ad4 ,b\gh-draw+ ( ,titian4 #cib ,sec4 #ae4 ,b\gh-draw+ ( ,turn]4 #cid ,sec4 #af4 ,leafage4 ,its v>iety & symmetry4 #cid ,sec4 #ag4 ,p]fect regul>ity ( ,p\ss94 #cie ,sec4 #ah4 ,exce$+ intricacy ( nature's foliage4 #cif ,sec4 #ai4 ,h[ contradict$ by ! tree-patt]ns ( ,g4 ,p\ss94 #cif ,sec4 #bj4 ,h[ foll[$ by ,creswick4 #cig ,sec4 #ba4 ,p]fect unity 9 nature's foliage4 #cih ,sec4 #bb4 ,total want ( x 9 ,bo? & ,hobbima4 #cih ,sec4 #bc4 ,h[ r5d]$ by ,turn]4 #cii ,sec4 #bd4 ,! ne> leafage ( ,claude4 ,8 middle di/ances are good4 #cii ,sec4 #be4 ,univ]sal t]m9ation ( trees 9 symmetrical curves4 #djj ,sec4 #bf4 ,altoge!r unobs]v$ by ! old ma/]s4 ,always giv5 by ,turn]4 #dja ,sec4 #bg4 ,foliage pa9t+ on ! ,cont95t4 #dja ,sec4 #bh4 ,foliage ( ,j4 ,d4 ,h>d+4 ,its defici5cies4 #djb ,sec4 #bi4 ,8 brilliancy ( execution too manife/4 #djc ,sec4 #cj4 ,8 b\gh-draw+1 & *oice ( =m4 #djd ,sec4 #ca4 ,local color1 h[ f> expressible 9 black & :ite1 & ) :at advantage4 #djd ,sec4 #cb4 ,opposition betwe5 great mann] & great k4 #djf ,sec4 #cc4 ,foliage ( ,cox1 ,field+1 & ,catt]mole4 #djf ,sec4 #cd4 ,hunt & ,creswick4 ,gre51 h[ to be r5d]$ expressive ( light1 & (f5sive if o!rwise4 #djg ,sec4 #ce4 ,conclusion4 ,works ( ,j4 ,l9nel & ,s4 ,palm]4 #djg ,,*apt] ,,ii4--,g5]al rem>ks respect+ ! ,tru? ( ,turn]4 ,sec4 #a4 ,no necessity ( ent]+ into discussion ( ar*itectural tru?4 #dji ,sec4 #b4 ,extreme difficulty ( illu/rat+ or expla9+ ! highe/ tru?4 #daj ,sec4 #c4 ,! positive rank ( ,turn] is 9 no degree %[n 9 ! =ego+ pages1 b only 8 relative rank4 #daj ,sec4 #d4 ,! exce$+ ref9em5t ( 8 tru?4 #daa ,sec4 #e4 ,!re is no?+ 9 8 works :i* c be enjoy$ )\t k4 #daa ,sec4 #f4 ,& no?+ :i* k w n enable u to enjoy4 #dab ,sec4 #g4 ,8 =m] rank & progress4 #dab ,sec4 #h4 ,/&+ ( 8 pres5t works4 ,_! my/]y is ! consequ5ce ( _! fulness4 #dac ,,*apt] ,,iii4--,conclusion4--,mod]n ,art & ,mod]n ,criticism4 ,sec4 #a4 ,! entire prom95ce hi!rto giv5 to ! works ( "o arti/ caus$ only by our n be+ able to take cognizance ( "*4 #dad ,sec4 #b4 ,! feel+s ( diff]5t arti/s are incapable ( full comp>ison4 #dae ,sec4 #c4 ,b ! fidelity & tru? ( ea* are capable ( real comp>ison4 #dae ,sec4 #d4 ,especially because !y are equally manife/$ 9 ! treatm5t ( all subjects4 #dae ,sec4 #e4 ,no man draws "o ?+ well1 if he c draw no?+ else4 #daf ,sec4 #f4 ,g5]al conclusions to be d]iv$ f our pa/ inve/igation4 #dag ,sec4 #g4 ,tru?1 a /&>d ( all excell5ce4 #dag ,sec4 #h4 ,mod]n criticism4 ,*angefulness ( public ta/e4 #dah ,sec4 #i4 ,yet associat$ ) a c]ta9 degree ( judgm5t4 #dah ,sec4 #aj4 ,duty ( ! press4 #dah ,sec4 #aa4 ,qualifications necess>y = dis*>g+ x4 #dah ,sec4 #ab4 ,g5]al incapability ( mod]n critics4 #dai ,sec4 #ac4 ,& inconsi/5cy ) !mselves4 #dai ,sec4 #ad4 ,h[ ! press may really advance ! cause ( art4 #dbj ,sec4 #ae4 ,morbid fondness at ! pres5t day = unf9i%$ works4 #dbj ,sec4 #af4 ,by :i* ! public defraud !mselves4 #dba ,sec4 #ag4 ,& 9 p&]+ to :i*1 arti/s ru9 !mselves4 #dba ,sec4 #ah4 ,necessity ( f9i%+ works ( art p]fectly4 #dba ,sec4 #ai4 ,sket*es n suffici5tly enc\rag$4 #dbb ,sec4 #bj4 ,brilliancy ( execution or ef=ts at inv5tion n to be tol]at$ 9 "y arti/s4 #dbb ,sec4 #ba4 ,! duty & aft] privileges ( all /ud5ts4 #dbc ,sec4 #bb4 ,necessity among our great] arti/s ( m s+l5ess ( aim4 #dbc ,sec4 #bc4 ,:at %\ld be _! g5]al aim4 #dbe ,sec4 #bd4 ,duty ( ! press ) respect to ! works ( ,turn]4 #dbg ,,li/ ,,( ,,plates ,,to ,,volume ,i4 ,page4 ,casa ,cont>9i ,fasan1 ,v5ice #aaj ,f a draw+ by ,rusk94 ,! ,dogana1 & ,santa ,m>ia della ,salute1 ,v5ice #acf ,f a pa9t+ by ,turn]4 ,okehampton ,ca/le #beh ,f a pa9t+ by ,turn]4 ,port ,ruysdael #cgf ,f a pa9t+ by ,turn]4 ,,mod]n ,,pa9t]s4 ,,"p ,i ,,( ,,g5]al ,,pr9ciples4 ,,section ,i4 ,,( ,,! ,,nature ,,( ,,! ,,ideas ,,conveyable ,,by ,,art4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,introductory4 ,sec4 #a4 ,public op9ion no crit]ion ( excell5ce1 except aft] long p]iods ( "t4 ,if x be true1 & x c sc>cely be disput$1 t no?+ has be5 = c5turies consecrat$ by public admiration1 )\t possess+ 9 a high degree "s k9d ( /]l+ excell5ce1 x is n because ! av]age intellect & feel+ ( ! majority ( ! public are compet5t 9 any way to di/+ui% :at is really excell5t1 b because all errone\s op9ion is inconsi/5t1 & all ungr\nd$ op9ion transitory2 s t :ile ! fancies & feel+s :i* d5y des]v$ honor & aw>d :at is undue h nei!r root nor /r5g? suffici5t to ma9ta9 consi/5t te/imony = a l5g? ( "t1 ! op9ions =m$ on "r gr\nds by ^? few :o are 9 reality compet5t judges1 be+ necess>ily /able1 communicate !mselves gradually f m9d to m9d1 desc5d+ l[] z !y ext5d wid]1 until !y leav5 ! :ole lump1 & rule by absolute au?ority1 ev5 :]e ! gr\nds & reasons = !m _c be und]/ood4 ,on ?is gradual victory ( :at is consi/5t ov] :at is vacillat+1 dep5ds ! reputation ( all t is highe/ 9 art & lit]ature4 ,= ,x is an insult to :at is really great 9 ei!r1 to suppose t x 9 any way addresses itself to mean or uncultivat$ faculties4 ,x is a matt] ( ! simple/ demon/ration1 t no man c be really appreciat$ b by 8 equal or sup]ior4 ,8 inf]ior may ov]-e/imate him 9 en?usiasm2 or1 z is m commonly ! case1 degrade him1 9 ignorance2 b he _c =m a gr\nd$ & j e/imate4 ,)\t prov+ ?is1 h[ev]--:i* x w\ld take m space to d ?an ,i c sp>e--x is suffici5tly evid5t t !re is no process ( amalgamation by :i* op9ions1 wrong individually1 c become "r m]ely by _! multitude4#a ,if ,i /& by a picture 9 ! ,academy1 & he> tw5ty p]sons 9 succession admir+ "s paltry piece ( me*anism or imitation 9 ! l9+ ( a cloak1 or ! sat9 ( a slipp]1 x is absurd to tell me t !y reprobate collectively :at !y admire individually3 or1 if !y pass ) apa?y by a piece ( ! mo/ noble conception or mo/ p]fect tru?1 because x has 9 x no tricks ( ! bru% nor grimace ( expression1 x is absurd to tell me t !y collectively respect :at !y sep>ately scorn1 or t ! feel+s & k ( su* judges1 by any l5g? ( "t or comp>ison ( ideas1 c\ld come to any "r conclusion ) respect to :at is really high 9 art4 ,! "q is n decid$ by !m1 b = !m2--decid$ at fir/ by few3 by few] 9 proportion z ! m]its ( ! "w are ( a high] ord]4 ,f ^! few ! decision is communicat$ to ! numb] next bel[ !m 9 rank ( m9d1 & by ^! aga9 to a wid] & l[] circle2 ea* rank be+ s f> cognizant ( ! sup]iority ( t above x1 z to receive its decision ) respect2 until1 9 process ( "t1 ! "r & consi/5t op9ion is communicat$ to all1 & held by all z a matt] ( fai?1 ! m positively 9 proportion z ! gr\nds ( x are less p]ceiv$4#b ,sec4 #b4 ,& !re=e ob/9ate :5 once =m$4 ,sec4 #c4 ,! au?or's reasons = oppos+ x 9 p>ticul> in/ances4 ,sec4 #d4 ,b only on po9ts capable ( demon/ration4 ,b :5 ?is process has tak5 place1 & ! "w has become sanctifi$ by "t 9 ! m9ds ( m51 x is impossible t any new "w ( equal m]it c be imp>tially comp>$ ) x1 except by m9ds n only educat$ & g5]ally capable ( appreciat+ m]it1 b /rong en\gh to %ake (f ! weight ( prejudice & association1 :i* inv>iably incl9e !m to ! old] favorite4 ,x is mu* easi]1 says ,b>ry1 to repeat ! "* record$ ( ,phidias1 ?an to inve/igate ! m]its ( ,agasias4 ,& :51 z peculi>ly 9 ! case ( pa9t+1 mu* k ( :at is te*nical & practical is necess>y to a "r judgm5t1 s t ^? alone are compet5t to pron\nce a true v]dict :o are !mselves ! p]sons to be judg$1 & :o !re=e c give no op9ion1 c5turies may elapse be=e fair comp>ison c be made betwe5 two arti/s ( diff]5t ages2 :ile ! patri>*al excell5ce ex]cises dur+ ! int]val a tyrannical--p]haps1 ev5 a blight+1 influ5ce ov] ! m9ds1 bo? ( ! public & ( ^? to :om1 prop]ly und]/ood1 x %\ld s]ve = a guide & example4 ,9 no city ( ,europe :]e art is a subject ( att5tion1 are its prospects s hopeless1 or its pursuits s resultless1 z 9 ,rome2 because !re1 among all /ud5ts1 ! au?ority ( _! pr$ecessors 9 art is supreme & )\t appeal1 & ! m9dless copyi/ /udies ,raffaelle1 b n :at ,raffaelle /udi$4 ,x ?us becomes ! duty ( e "o capable ( demon/rat+ any def9ite po9ts ( sup]iority 9 mod]n art1 & :o is 9 a position 9 :i* 8 do+ s w n be ungraceful1 to enc\nt] )\t hesitation :atev] opprobrium may fall ^u him f ! necess>y prejudice ev5 ( ! mo/ c&id m9ds1 & f ! f> m virul5t opposition ( ^? :o h no hope ( ma9ta9+ _! own reputation = disc]nm5t b 9 ! support ( t k9d ( consecrat$ m]it :i* may be applaud$ )\t an inconv5i5t necessity = reasons4 ,x is my purpose1 !re=e1 believ+ t !re are c]ta9 po9ts ( sup]iority 9 mod]n arti/s1 & especially 9 "o or two ( _! numb]1 :i* h n yet be5 fully und]/ood1 except by ^? :o are sc>cely 9 a position admitt+ ! decl>ation ( _! conviction1 to in/itute a close comp>ison betwe5 ! great works ( anci5t & mod]n l&scape art1 to raise1 z f> z possible1 ! deceptive veil ( imag9>y light ?r\gh :i* we are accu/om$ to gaze ^u ! patri>*al "w1 & to %[ ! real relations1 :e!r favorable or o!rwise1 subsi/+ betwe5 x & our own4 ,i am fully aw>e t ?is is n to be done lightly or ra%ly2 t x is ! "p ( e "o propos+ to und]take su* a task /rictly to exam9e1 ) prolong$ d\bt & sev]e trial1 e op9ion 9 any way contr>y to ! sacr$ v]dict ( "t1 & to advance no?+ :i* does n1 at lea/ 9 8 own conviction1 re/ on sur] gr\nd ?an m]e feel+ or ta/e4 ,i h accord+ly advanc$ no?+ 9 ! foll[+ pages b ) accompany+ demon/ration1 :i* may inde$ be true or false--complete or conditional1 b :i* c only be met on its own gr\nds1 & c 9 no way be borne d[n or affect$ by m]e au?ority ( great names4 ,yet ev5 ?us ,i %\ld sc>cely h v5tur$ to speak s decid$ly z ,i h1 b = my full conviction t we ought n to class ! hi/orical pa9t]s ( ! fifte5?1 & l&scape pa9t]s ( ! sev5te5?1 c5turies1 toge!r1 "u ! g5]al title ( old ma/]s1 z if !y possess$ any?+ l correspond+ rank 9 _! respective walks ( art4 ,i feel assur$ t ! pr9ciples on :i* !y work$ are totally oppos$1 & t ! l&scape pa9t]s h be5 honor$ only because !y exhibit$ 9 me*anical & te*nical qualities "s semblance ( ! mann] ( ! nobl] hi/orical pa9t]s1 ^: pr9ciples ( conception & composition !y entirely rev]s$4 ,! c\rse ( /udy :i* has l$ me rev]5tly to ! feet ( ,mi*ael ,angelo & ,da ,v9ci1 has ali5at$ me gradually f ,claude & ,gasp>--,i _c at ! same "t d homage to p[] & pett9ess--to ! tru? ( consummate sci5ce1 & ! mann]ism ( undiscipl9$ imag9ation4 ,& let x be und]/ood t :5ev] h]eaft] ,i speak depreciat+ly ( ! old ma/]s z a body1 ,i ref] to none ( ! hi/orical pa9t]s1 = :om ,i ent]ta9 a v5]ation1 :i* ?\gh ,i hope reasonable 9 its gr\nds1 is almo/ sup]/iti\s 9 degree4 ,nei!r1 unless he be p>ticul>ly m5tion$1 d ,i int5d to include ,ni*olas ,p\ss91 ^: l&scapes h a sep>ate & elevat$ "*1 :i* r5d]s x necess>y to consid] !m ap>t f all o!rs4 ,speak+ g5]ally ( ! old] ma/]s1 ,i ref] only to ,claude1 ,gasp> ,p\ss91 ,salvator ,rosa1 ,cuyp1 ,b]ghem1 ,bo?1 ,ruysdael1 ,hobbima1 ,t5i]s1 79 8 l&scapes17 ,p4 ,pott]1 ,canaletti1 & ! v>i\s ,van some?+s1 & ,back some?+s1 m especially & malignantly ^? :o h libell$ ! sea4 ,x w ( c\rse be necess>y = me 9 ! comm5cem5t ( ! "w to /ate briefly ^? pr9ciples on :i* ,i conceive all "r judgm5t ( art mu/ be f\nd$4 ,^! introductory *apt]s ,i %\ld wi% to be read c>efully1 because all criticism mu/ be useless :5 ! t]ms or gr\nds ( x are 9 any degree ambigu\s2 & ! ord9>y language ( connoisseurs & critics1 grant+ t !y und]/& x !mselves1 is usually m]e j>gon to o!rs1 f _! cu/om ( us+ te*nical t]ms1 by :i* ev]y?+ is meant1 & no?+ is express$4 ,sec4 #e4 ,! au?or's p>tiality to mod]n works excusable4 ,& if1 9 ! application ( ^! pr9ciples1 9 spite ( my endeavor to r5d] x imp>tial1 ! feel+ & fondness :i* ,i h = "s works ( mod]n art escape me sometimes :]e x %\ld n1 let x be p>don$ z little m ?an a fair c\nt]balance to t peculi> v5]ation ) :i* ! "w ( ! old] ma/]1 associat$ z x has ev] be5 9 our e>s ) ! expression ( :atev] is great or p]fect1 mu/ be usually reg>d$ by ! read]4 ,i d n say t ?is v5]ation is wrong1 nor t we %\ld be less att5tive to ! repeat$ words ( "t3 b let u n =get1 t if honor be = ! dead1 gratitude c only be = ! liv+4 ,he :o has once /ood beside ! grave1 to look back ^u ! companion%ip :i* has be5 =ev] clos$1 feel+ h[ impot5t !re are ! wild love1 or ! ke5 sorr[1 to give "o in/ant's pleasure to ! pulseless he>t1 or atone 9 ! l[e/ measure to ! dep>t$ _s = ! h\r ( unk9dness1 w sc>cely = ! future incur t debt to ! he>t1 :i* c only be dis*>g$ to ! du/4 ,b ! lesson :i* m5 receive z individuals1 !y d n le>n z nations4 ,aga9 & aga9 !y h se5 _! noble/ desc5d into ! grave1 & h ?\ght x en\gh to g>l& ! tomb/one :5 !y _h n cr[n$ ! br[1 & to pay ! honor to ! a%es1 :i* !y _h d5i$ to ! _s4 ,let x n displease !m t !y are bidd51 amid/ ! tumult & ! dazzle ( _! busy life1 to li/5 = ! few voices1 & wat* = ! few lamps1 :i* ,god has ton$ & light$ to *>m & to guide !m1 t !y may n le>n _! sweetness by _! sil5ce1 nor _! light by _! decay4 ,,footnotes #a ,! op9ion ( a majority is "r only :5 x is m probable ) ea* individual t he %\ld be "r ?an t he %\ld be wrong1 z 9 ! case ( a jury4 ,:]e x is m probable1 ) respect to ea* individual1 t he %\ld be wrong ?an "r1 ! op9ion ( ! m9ority is ! true "o4 ,?us x is 9 art4 #b ,!re are1 h[ev]1 a ?\s& modify+ circum/ances :i* r5d] ?is process sometimes unnecess>y1--sometimes rapid & c]ta9--sometimes impossible4 ,x is unnecess>y 9 rhetoric & ! drama1 because ! multitude is ! only prop] judge ( ^? arts ^: end is to move ! multitude 7?\gh m is necess>y to a f9e play ?an is ess5tially dramatic1 & x is only ( ! dramatic "p t ! multitude are cognizant74 ,x is unnecess>y1 :51 unit$ ) ! high] qualities ( a "w1 !re are appeals to univ]sal passion1 to all ! faculties & feel+s :i* are g5]al 9 man z an animal4 ,! popul>ity is !n z sudd5 z x is well gr\nd$1--x is he>ty & hone/ 9 e m9d1 b x is bas$ 9 e m9d on a diff]5t species ( excell5ce4 ,su* w (t5 be ! case ) ! noble/ works ( lit]ature4 ,take ,don ,quixote = example4 ,! l[e/ m9d w\ld f9d 9 x p]petual & brutal amusem5t 9 ! mis=tunes ( ! knight1 & p]petual pleasure 9 sympa?y ) ! squire4 ,a m9d ( av]age feel+ w\ld p]ceive ! satirical mean+ & =ce ( ! book1 w\ld appreciate its wit1 its elegance1 & its tru?4 ,b only elevat$ & peculi> m9ds discov]1 9 addition to all ?is1 ! full moral beauty ( ! love & tru? :i* are ! con/ant associates ( all t is ev5 mo/ weak & err+ 9 ! "* ( its h]o1 & pass ov] ! rude adv5ture & scurrile je/ 9 ha/e--p]haps 9 pa91 to p5etrate b5ea? ! ru/y corselet1 & cat* f ! w&]+ glance ! evid5ce & expression ( =titude1 self-devotion1 & univ]sal love4 ,s1 aga91 ) ! works ( ,scott & ,byron2 popul>ity 0 z in/ant z x 0 des]v$1 because !re is 9 !m an appeal to ^? passions :i* are univ]sal 9 all m51 z well z an expression ( su* ?\ghts z c be receiv$ only by ! few4 ,b !y are admir$ by ! majority ( _! advocates = ! weake/ p>ts ( _! works1 z a popul> prea*] by ! majority ( 8 congregation = ! wor/ "p ( 8 s]mon4 ,! process is rapid & c]ta91 :51 ?\gh !re may be little to cat* ! multitude at once1 !re is mu* :i* !y c enjoy :5 _! att5tion is au?oritatively direct$ to x4 ,s re/s ! reputation ( ,%akspe>e4 ,no ord9>y m9d c compreh5d :]e9 8 undisput$ sup]iority consi/s1 b !re is yet q z mu* to amuse1 ?rill1 or excite1--q z mu* ( :at is1 9 ! /rict s5se ( ! ^w1 dramatic1 9 8 works z 9 any "o else's4 ,!y 7 receiv$1 !re=e1 :5 fir/ writt51 ) av]age approval1 z works ( common m]it3 b :5 ! high decision 0 made1 & ! circle spread1 ! public took up ! hue & cry consci5ti\sly en\gh4 ,let !m h dagg]s1 gho/s1 cl[ns1 & k+s1 & ) su* real & def9ite s\rces ( enjoym5t1 !y w take ! additional tr\ble to le>n half a doz5 quotations1 )\t und]/&+ !m1 & admit ! sup]iority ( ,%akspe>e )\t fur!r demur4 ,no?+1 p]haps1 c m completely demon/rate ! total ignorance ( ! public ( all t is great or valuable 9 ,%akspe>e ?an _! univ]sal admiration ( ,maclise's ,hamlet4 ,! process is impossible :5 !re is 9 ! "w no?+ to attract & some?+ to disgu/ ! vulg> m9d4 ,nei!r _! intr9sic excell5ce1 nor ! au?ority ( ^? :o c judge ( x1 w ev] make ! poems ( ,wordswor? or ,george ,h]b]t popul>1 9 ! s5se 9 :i* ,scott & ,byron are popul>1 because x is to ! vulg> a labor in/ead ( a pleasure to read !m2 & !re are p>ts 9 !m :i* to su* judges _c b be vapid or ridicul\s4 ,mo/ works ( ! highe/ art1--^? ( ,raffaelle1 ,m4 ,angelo1 or ,da ,v9ci1--/& z ,%akspe>e does1--t :i* is commonplace & feeble 9 _! excell5ce be+ tak5 = its ess5ce by ! un$ucat$1 imag9ation assi/+ ! impression1 7= we readily fancy t we feel1 :5 feel+ is a matt] ( pride or consci5ce17 & affectation & pret5sion increas+ ! noise ( ! rapture1 if n its degree4 ,giotto1 ,orgagna1 ,angelico1 ,p]ug9o1 /&1 l ,george ,h]b]t1 only ) ! few4 ,wilkie becomes popul>1 l ,scott1 because he t\*es passions :i* all feel1 & expresses tru?s :i* all c recognize4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,def9ition ,,( ,,greatness ,,9 ,,art4 ,sec4 #a4 ,di/9ction betwe5 ! pa9t]'s intellectual p[] & te*nical k4 ,9 ! #ae? ,lecture ( ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds1 incid5tal notice is tak5 ( ! di/9ction betwe5 ^? excell5ces 9 ! pa9t] :i* belong to him z su*1 & ^? :i* belong to him 9 common ) all m5 ( intellect1 ! g5]al & exalt$ p[]s ( :i* art is ! evid5ce & expression1 n ! subject4 ,b ! di/9ction is n !re dwelt ^u z x %\ld be1 = x is ow+ to ! slight att5tion ord9>ily paid to x1 t criticism is op5 to e =m ( coxcombry1 & liable to e phase ( error4 ,x is a di/9ction on :i* dep5d all s\nd judgm5t ( ! rank ( ! arti/1 & all j appreciation ( ! dignity ( art4 ,sec4 #b4 ,pa9t+1 z su*1 is no?+ m ?an language4 ,pa9t+1 or art g5]ally1 z su*1 ) all its te*nicalities1 difficulties1 & p>ticul> ends1 is no?+ b a noble & expressive language1 invaluable z ! vehicle ( ?\ght1 b by itself no?+4 ,he :o has le>n$ :at is commonly consid]$ ! :ole art ( pa9t+1 t is1 ! art ( repres5t+ any natural object fai?fully1 has z yet only le>n$ ! language by :i* 8 ?\ghts are to be express$4 ,he has done j z mu* t[>ds be+ t :i* we ought to respect z a great pa9t]1 z a man :o has le>n$ h[ to express himself grammatically & melodi\sly has t[>ds be+ a great poet4 ,! language is1 inde$1 m difficult ( acquirem5t 9 ! "o case ?an 9 ! o!r1 & possesses m p[] ( delight+ ! s5se1 :ile x speaks to ! intellect1 b x is1 nev]!less1 no?+ m ?an language1 & all ^? excell5ces :i* are peculi> to ! pa9t] z su*1 are m]ely :at rhy?m1 melody1 precision & =ce are 9 ! words ( ! orator & ! poet1 necess>y to _! greatness1 b n ! te/s ( _! greatness4 ,x is n by ! mode ( repres5t+ & say+1 b by :at is repres5t$ & said1 t ! respective greatness ei!r ( ! pa9t] or ! writ] is to be f9ally det]m9$4 ,sec4 #c4 ,pa9t]1 a t]m correspond+ to v]sifi]4 ,speak+ ) /rict propriety1 !re=e1 we %\ld call a man a great pa9t] only z he excell$ 9 precision & =ce 9 ! language ( l9es1 & a great v]sifi]1 z he excell$ 9 precision or =ce 9 ! language ( words4 ,a great poet w\ld !n be a t]m /rictly1 & 9 precisely ! same s5se applicable to bo?1 if w>rant$ by ! "* ( ! images or ?\ghts :i* ea* 9 _! respective languages convey4 ,sec4 #d4 ,example 9 a pa9t+ ( ,e4 ,l&se]'s4 ,take1 = in/ance1 "o ( ! mo/ p]fect poems or pictures 7,i use ! words z synonym\s7 :i* mod]n times h se53--! ,old ,%eph]d's ,*ief-m\rn]4 ,"h ! exquisite execution ( ! glossy & crisp hair ( ! dog1 ! bright %>p t\*+ ( ! gre5 b\gh beside x1 ! cle> pa9t+ ( ! wood ( ! c(f9 & ! folds ( ! blanket1 are language--language cle> & expressive 9 ! highe/ degree4 ,b ! close pressure ( ! dog's brea/ aga9/ ! wood1 ! convulsive cl++ ( ! paws1 :i* has dragg$ ! blanket (f ! tre/le1 ! total p[]lessness ( ! head laid1 close & motionless1 ^u its folds1 ! fix$ & te>ful fall ( ! eye 9 its utt] hopelessness1 ! rigidity ( repose :i* m>ks t !re has be5 no motion nor *ange 9 ! trance ( agony s9ce ! la/ bl[ 0 /ruck on ! c(f9-lid1 ! quietness & gloom ( ! *amb]1 ! spectacles m>k+ ! place :]e ! ,bible 0 la/ clos$1 indicat+ h[ lonely has be5 ! life--h[ unwat*$ ! dep>ture ( him :o is n[ laid solit>y 9 8 sleep2--^! are all ?\ghts--?\ghts by :i* ! picture is sep>at$ at once f hundr$s ( equal m]it1 z f> z m]e pa9t+ goes1 by :i* x ranks z a "w ( high art1 & /amps its au?or1 n z ! neat imitator ( ! texture ( a sk91 or ! fold ( a drap]y1 b z ! ,man ( ,m9d4 ,sec4 #e4 ,difficulty ( fix+ an exact limit betwe5 language & ?\ght4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 always easy1 ei!r 9 pa9t+ or lit]ature1 to det]m9e :]e ! influ5ce ( language /ops1 & :]e t ( ?\ght beg9s4 ,_m ?\ghts are s dep5d5t ^u ! language 9 :i* !y are clo!d1 t !y w\ld lose half _! beauty if o!rwise express$4 ,b ! highe/ ?\ghts are ^? :i* are lea/ dep5d5t on language1 & ! dignity ( any composition & praise to :i* x is entitl$1 are 9 exact proportion to its indep5d5cy ( language or expression4 ,a composition is inde$ usually mo/ p]fect1 :5 to su* intr9sic dignity is add$ all t expression c d to attract & adorn2 b 9 e case ( supreme excell5ce ?is all becomes z no?+4 ,we are m gratifi$ by ! simple/ l9es or words :i* c sugge/ ! idea 9 its own nak$ beauty1 ?an by ! robe or ! gem :i* conceal :ile !y decorate2 we are bett] pleas$ to feel by _! abs5ce h[ little !y w\ld be/[1 ?an by _! pres5ce h[ mu* !y c de/roy4 ,sec4 #f4 ,di/9ction betwe5 decorative & expressive language4 ,!re is !re=e a di/9ction to be made betwe5 :at is ornam5tal 9 language & :at is expressive4 ,t "p ( x :i* is necess>y to ! embody+ & convey+ ! ?\ght is wor?y ( respect & att5tion z necess>y to excell5ce1 ?\gh n ! te/ ( x4 ,b t "p ( x :i* is decorative has little m to d ) ! intr9sic excell5ce ( ! picture ?an ! frame or ! v>ni%+ ( x4 ,& ?is caution 9 di/+ui%+ betwe5 ! ornam5tal & ! expressive is peculi>ly necess>y 9 pa9t+2 = 9 ! language ( words x is ne>ly impossible = t :i* is n expressive to be beautiful1 except by m]e rhy?m or melody1 any sacrifice to :i* is imm$iately /igmatiz$ z error4 ,b ! beauty ( m]e language 9 pa9t+ is n only v attractive & ent]ta9+ to ! spectator1 b requires = its atta9m5t no small ex]tion ( m9d & devotion ( "t by ! arti/4 ,h5ce1 9 art1 m5 h frequ5tly fanci$ t !y 7 becom+ rhetoricians & poets :5 !y 7 only le>n+ to speak melodi\sly1 & ! judge has ov] & ov] aga9 advanc$ to ! honor ( au?ors ^? :o 7 nev] m ?an ornam5tal writ+-ma/]s4 ,sec4 #g4 ,in/ance 9 ! ,dut* & e>ly ,italian s*ools4 ,mo/ pictures ( ! ,dut* s*ool1 = in/ance1 & except+ always ^? ( ,rub5s1 ,v&yke1 & ,rembr&t1 are o/5tati\s exhibitions ( ! arti/'s p[] ( spee*1 ! cle> & vigor\s elocution ( useless & s5seless words3 :ile ! e>ly ef=ts ( ,cimabue & ,giotto are ! burn+ messages ( prophecy1 deliv]$ by ! /amm]+ lips ( infants4 ,x is n by rank+ ! =m] z m ?an me*anics1 or ! latt] z less ?an arti/s1 t ! ta/e ( ! multitude1 always awake to ! l[e/ pleasures :i* art c be/[1 & blunt to ! highe/1 is to be =m$ or elevat$4 ,x mu/ be ! "p ( ! judici\s critic c>efully to di/+ui% :at is language1 & :at is ?\ght1 & to rank & praise pictures *iefly = ! latt]1 consid]+ ! =m] z a totally inf]ior excell5ce1 & "o :i* _c be comp>$ ) nor weigh$ aga9/ ?\ght 9 any way nor 9 any degree :atsoev]4 ,! picture :i* has ! nobl] & m num]\s ideas1 h[ev] awkw>dly express$1 is a great] & a bett] picture ?an t :i* has ! less noble & less num]\s ideas1 h[ev] beautifully express$4 ,no weight1 nor mass1 nor beauty ( execution c outweigh "o gra9 or fragm5t ( ?\ght4 ,?ree p5/rokes ( ,raffaelle are a great] & a bett] picture ?an ! mo/ f9i%$ "w t ev] ,c>lo ,dolci poli%$ into inanity4 ,a f9i%$ "w ( a great arti/ is only bett] ?an its sket*1 if ! s\rces ( pleasure belong+ to color & realization--valuable 9 !mselves1--are s employ$ z to increase ! impressiv5ess ( ! ?\ght4 ,b if "o atom ( ?\ght has vani%$1 all color1 all f9i%1 all execution1 all ornam5t1 are too de>ly b\ght4 ,no?+ b ?\ght c pay = ?\ght1 & ! in/ant t ! increas+ ref9em5t or f9i% ( ! picture beg9s to be paid = by ! loss ( ! fa9te/ %ad[ ( an idea1 t in/ant all ref9em5t or f9i% is an excresc5ce1 & a de=mity4 ,sec4 #h4 ,yet !re are c]ta9 ideas belong+ to language itself4 ,sec4 #i4 ,! def9ition4 ,yet al?\gh 9 all our speculations on art1 language is ?us to be di/+ui%$ f1 & held subord9ate to1 t :i* x conveys1 we mu/ /ill rememb] t !re are c]ta9 ideas inh]5t 9 language itself1 & t /rictly speak+1 e pleasure connect$ ) art has 9 x "s ref]5ce to ! intellect4 ,! m]e s5sual pleasure ( ! eye1 receiv$ f ! mo/ brilliant piece ( color+1 is z no?+ to t :i* x receives f a cry/al prism1 except z x dep5ds on our p]ception ( a c]ta9 mean+ & int5d$ arrangem5t ( color1 :i* has be5 ! subject ( intellect4 ,nay1 ! t]m idea1 accord+ to ,locke's def9ition ( x1 w ext5d ev5 to ! s5sual impressions !mselves z f> z !y are ?+s :i* ! m9d occupies itself ab\t 9 ?9k+1 t is1 n z !y are felt by ! eye only1 b z !y are receiv$ by ! m9d ?r\gh ! eye4 ,s t1 if ,i say t ! greate/ picture is t :i* conveys to ! m9d ( ! spectator ! greate/ numb] ( ! greate/ ideas1 ,i h a def9ition :i* w include z subjects ( comp>ison e pleasure :i* art is capable ( convey+4 ,if ,i 7 to say1 on ! contr>y1 t ! be/ picture 0 t :i* mo/ closely imitat$ nature1 ,i %\ld assume t art c\ld only please by imitat+ nature1 & ,i %\ld ca/ out ( ! pale ( criticism ^? p>ts ( works ( art :i* are n imitative1 t is to say1 intr9sic beauties ( color & =m1 & ^? works ( art :olly1 :i*1 l ! arabesques ( ,raffaelle 9 ! ,loggias1 are n imitative at all4 ,n[ ,i want a def9ition ( art wide en\gh to include all its v>ieties ( aim3 ,i d n say !re=e t ! art is greate/ :i* gives mo/ pleasure1 because p]haps !re is "s art ^: end is to tea*1 & n to please4 ,i d n say t ! art is greate/ :i* tea*es u mo/1 because p]haps !re is "s art ^: end is to please1 & n to tea*4 ,i d n say t ! art is greate/ :i* imitates be/1 because p]haps !re is "s art ^: end is to create1 & n to imitate4 ,b ,i say t ! art is greate/1 :i* conveys to ! m9d ( ! spectator1 by any means :atsoev]1 ! greate/ numb] ( ! greate/ ideas1 & ,i call an idea great 9 proportion z x is receiv$ by a high] faculty ( ! m9d1 & z x m fully occupies1 & 9 occupy+1 ex]cises & exalts1 ! faculty by :i* x is receiv$4 ,if ?is !n be ! def9ition ( great art1 t ( a great arti/ naturally foll[s4 ,he is ! greate/ arti/ :o has embodi$1 9 ! sum ( 8 works1 ! greate/ numb] ( ! greate/ ideas4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,( ,,ideas ,,( ,,p[]4 ,! def9ition ( art :i* ,i h j giv51 requires me to det]m9e :at k9ds ( ideas c be receiv$ f works ( art1 & :i* ( ^! are ! greate/1 be=e proce$+ to any practical application ( ! te/4 ,sec4 #a4 ,:at classes ( ideas are conveyable by art4 ,i ?9k t all ! s\rces ( pleasure1 or any o!r good1 to be d]iv$ f works ( art1 may be ref]r$ to five di/9ct heads4 ,i4 ,ideas ( ,p[]4--,! p]ception or conception ( ! m5tal or bodily p[]s by :i* ! "w has be5 produc$4 ,,ii4 ,ideas ( ,imitation4--,! p]ception t ! ?+ produc$ resembles some?+ else4 ,,iii4 ,ideas ( ,tru?4--,! p]ception ( fai?fulness 9 a /atem5t ( facts by ! ?+ produc$4 ,,iv4 ,ideas ( ,beauty4--,! p]ception ( beauty1 ei!r 9 ! ?+ produc$1 or 9 :at x sugge/s or resembles4 ,v4 ,ideas ( ,relation4--,! p]ception ( intellectual relations1 9 ! ?+ produc$1 or 9 :at x sugge/s or resembles4 ,i %all briefly di/+ui% ! nature & effects ( ea* ( ^! classes ( ideas4 ,sec4 #b4 ,ideas ( p[] v>y mu* 9 relative dignity4 ,i4 ,ideas ( ,p[]4--,^! are ! simple p]ception ( ! m5tal or bodily p[]s ex]t$ 9 ! production ( any "w ( art4 ,accord+ to ! dignity & degree ( ! p[] p]ceiv$ is ! dignity ( ! idea2 b ! :ole class ( ideas is receiv$ by ! intellect1 & !y excite ! be/ ( ! moral feel+s1 v5]ation1 & ! desire ( ex]tion4 ,z a species1 !re=e1 !y are "o ( ! noble/ connect$ ) art2 b ! diff]5ces 9 degree ( dignity among !mselves are inf9ite1 be+ correspond5t ) e ord] ( p[]1--f t ( ! f+]s to t ( ! mo/ exalt$ intellect4 ,?us1 :5 we see an ,indian's paddle c>v$ f ! h&le to ! blade1 we h a conception ( prolong$ manual labor1 & are gratifi$ 9 proportion to ! suppos$ exp5diture ( "t & ex]tion4 ,^! are1 inde$1 p[]s ( a l[ ord]1 yet ! pleasure aris+ f ! conception ( !m ent]s v l>gely inde$ into our admiration ( all elaborate ornam5t1 ar*itectural decoration1 etc4 ,! delight ) :i* we look on ! frett$ front ( ,r\5 ,ca!dral dep5ds 9 no small degree on ! simple p]ception ( "t employ$ & labor exp5d$ 9 its production4 ,b x is a "r1 t is1 an ennobl+ pleasure1 ev5 9 ?is its l[e/ phase2 & ev5 ! pleasure felt by ^? p]sons :o praise a draw+ = its f9i%1 or its "w1 :i* is "o precisely ( ! same k9d1 w\ld be "r1 if x did n imply a want ( p]ception ( ! high] p[]s :i* r5d] "w unnecess>y4 ,if to ! evid5ce ( labor be add$ t ( /r5g? or dext]ity1 ! s5sation ( p[] is yet increas$2 if to /r5g? & dext]ity be add$ t ( +5uity & judgm5t1 x is multipli$ t5fold1 & s on1 ?r\gh all ! subjects ( action ( body or m9d1 we receive ! m exalt$ pleasure f ! m exalt$ p[]4 ,sec4 #c4 ,b are receiv$ f :atev] has be5 ! subject ( p[]4 ,! mean+ ( ! ^w excell5ce4 ,s f> ! nature & effects ( ideas ( p[] _c b be admitt$ by all4 ,b ! circum/ance :i* ,i wi% especially to insi/ ^u1 ) respect to !m1 is "o :i* may n1 p]haps1 be s readily all[$1 namely1 t !y are indep5d5t ( ! nature or wor?9ess ( ! object f :i* !y are receiv$1 & t :atev] has be5 ! subject ( a great p[]1 :e!r !re be intr9sic & app>5t wor?9ess 9 itself or n1 be>s ) x ! evid5ce ( hav+ be5 s1 & is capable ( giv+ ! ideas ( p[]1 & ! consequ5t pleasures1 9 _! full degree4 ,= obs]ve1 t a ?+ is n prop]ly said to h be5 ! result ( a great p[]1 on :i* only "s "p ( t p[] has be5 exp5d$4 ,a nut may be crack$ by a /eam-eng9e1 b x has n1 9 be+ s1 be5 ! subject ( ! p[] ( ! eng9e4 ,& ?us x is falsely said ( great m51 t !y wa/e _! l(ty p[]s on unwor?y objects3 ! object may be dang]\s or useless1 b1 z f> z ! phrase has ref]5ce to difficulty ( p]=mance1 x _c be unwor?y ( ! p[] :i* x br+s into ex]tion1 because no?+ c become a subject ( action to a great] p[] :i* c be accompli%$ by a less1 any m ?an bodily /r5g? c be ex]t$ :]e !re is no?+ to resi/ x4 ,s !n1 m5 may let _! great p[]s lie dormant1 :ile !y employ _! mean & petty p[]s on mean & petty objects2 b x is physically impossible to employ a great p[]1 except on a great object4 ,consequ5tly1 :]ev] p[] ( any k9d or degree has be5 ex]t$1 ! m>ks & evid5ce ( x are /amp$ ^u its results3 x is impossible t x %\ld be lo/ or wa/$1 or )\t record1 ev5 9 ! e/imation ( a hair3 & !re=e1 :atev] has be5 ! subject ( a great p[] be>s ab\t ) x ! image ( t :i* creat$ x1 & is :at is commonly call$ excell5t4 ,& ?is is ! true mean+ ( ! ^w excell5t1 z di/+ui%$ f ! t]ms1 beautiful1 useful1 good1 etc42 & we %all always1 9 future1 use ! ^w excell5t1 z signify+ t ! ?+ to :i* x is appli$ requir$ a great p[] = its production4#c ,sec4 #d4 ,:at is necess>y to ! di/+ui%+ ( excell5ce4 ,! faculty ( p]ceiv+ :at p[]s are requir$ = ! production ( a ?+1 is ! faculty ( p]ceiv+ excell5ce4 ,x is ?is faculty 9 :i* m51 ev5 ( ! mo/ cultivat$ ta/e1 mu/ always be want+1 unless !y h add$ practice to reflection2 because none c e/imate ! p[] manife/$ 9 victory1 unless !y h p]sonally measur$ ! /r5g? to be ov]come4 ,?\gh1 !re=e1 x is possible1 by ! cultivation ( s5sibility & judgm5t1 to become capable ( di/+ui%+ :at is beautiful1 x is totally impossible1 )\t practice & k1 to di/+ui% or feel :at is excell5t4 ,! beauty or ! tru? ( ,titian's fle%-t9t may be appreciat$ by all2 b x is only to ! arti/1 ^: multipli$ h\rs ( toil h n rea*$ ! slighte/ resemblance ( "o ( its tones1 t its excell5ce is manife/4 ,sec4 #e4 ,! pleasure att5dant on conqu]+ difficulties is "r4 ,:]ev]1 !n1 difficulty has be5 ov]come1 !re is excell5ce3 & !re=e1 9 ord] to prove excell5t1 we h only to prove ! difficulty ( its production3 :e!r x be useful or beautiful is ano!r "q2 its excell5ce dep5ds on its difficulty alone4 ,= is x a false or diseas$ ta/e :i* looks = ! ov]com+ ( difficulties1 & has pleasure 9 x1 ev5 )\t any view to resultant good4 ,x has be5 made "p ( our moral nature t we %\ld h a pleasure 9 enc\nt]+ & conqu]+ opposition1 = ! sake ( ! /ruggle & ! victory1 n = ! sake ( any aft] result2 & n only our own victory1 b ! p]ception ( t ( ano!r1 is 9 all cases ! s\rce ( pure & ennobl+ pleasure4 ,& if we (t5 he> x said1 & truly said1 t an arti/ has err$ by seek+ r to %[ 8 skill 9 ov]com+ te*nical difficulties1 ?an to rea* a great end1 be x obs]v$ t he is only blam$ because he has s\ght to conqu] an inf]ior difficulty r ?an a great "o2 = x is mu* easi] to ov]come te*nical difficulties ?an to rea* a great end4 ,:5ev] ! visible victory ov] difficulties is f\nd pa9ful or 9 false ta/e1 x is ow+ to ! pref]5ce ( an inf]ior to a great difficulty1 or to ! false e/imate ( :at is difficult & :at is n4 ,x is f> m difficult to be simple ?an to be complicat$2 f> m difficult to sacrifice skill & cease ex]tion 9 ! prop] place1 ?an to exp5d bo? indiscrim9ately4 ,we %all f9d1 9 ! c\rse ( our inve/igation1 t beauty & difficulty g toge!r2 & t !y are only mean & paltry difficulties :i* x is wrong or contemptible to wre/le )4 ,be x rememb]$ !n--,p[] is nev] wa/$4 ,:atev] p[] has be5 employ$1 produces excell5ce 9 proportion to its own dignity & ex]tion2 & ! faculty ( p]ceiv+ ?is ex]tion1 & appreciat+ ?is dignity1 is ! faculty ( p]ceiv+ excell5ce4 ,,footnotes #c ,( c\rse ! ^w excell5t is prim>ily a m]e synonym ) surpass+1 & :5 appli$ to p]sons1 has ! g5]al mean+ giv5 by ,johnson--! /ate ( ab\nd+ 9 any good quality4 ,b :5 appli$ to ?+s x has always ref]5ce to ! p[] by :i* !y are produc$4 ,we talk ( excell5t music or poetry1 because x is difficult to compose or write su*1 b nev] ( excell5t fl[]s1 because all fl[]s be+ ! result ( ! same p[]1 mu/ be equally excell5t4 ,we di/+ui% !m only z beautiful or useful1 & !re=e1 z !re is no o!r "o ^w to signify t quality ( a ?+ produc$ by :i* x pleases u m]ely z ! result ( p[]1 & z ! t]m excell5t is m frequ5tly us$ 9 ?is s5se ?an 9 any o!r1 ,i *oose to limit x at once to ?is s5se1 & ,i wi% x1 :5 ,i use x 9 future1 to be s und]/ood4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,( ,,ideas ,,( ,,imitation4 ,sec4 #a4 ,false use ( ! t]m imitation by _m writ]s ( art4 ,fuseli1 9 8 lectures1 & _m o!r p]sons ( equally j & accurate habits ( ?\ght1 7among o!rs1 ,s4 ,t4 ,col]idge17 make a di/9ction betwe5 imitation & copy+1 repres5t+ ! fir/ z ! legitimate function ( art--! latt] z its corruption2 b z su* a di/9ction is by no means w>rant$1 or expla9$ by ! common mean+ ( ! words !mselves1 x is n easy to compreh5d exactly 9 :at s5se !y are us$ by ^? writ]s4 ,& ?\gh1 reason+ f ! context1 ,i c und]/& :at ideas ^? words /& = 9 _! m9ds1 ,i _c all[ ! t]ms to be prop]ly us$ z symbols ( ^? ideas1 :i* 7especially 9 ! case ( ! ^w ,imitation7 are exce$+ly complex1 & totally diff]5t f :at mo/ p w\ld und]/& by ! t]m4 ,& by m5 ( less accurate ?\ght1 ! ^w is us$ /ill m vaguely or falsely4 ,= in/ance1 ,burke 7,treatise on ! ,sublime1 "p i4 sect4 #af7 says1 ,:5 ! object repres5t$ 9 poetry or pa9t+ is su* z we c\ld h no desire ( see+ 9 ! reality1 !n we may be sure t its p[] 9 poetry or pa9t+ is ow+ to ! p[] ( imitation4 ,9 :i* case ! real pleasure may be 9 :at we h be5 j speak+ (1 ! dext]ity ( ! arti/'s h&2 or x may be 9 a beautiful or s+ul> arrangem5t ( colors1 or a ?\ghtful *i>oscuro1 or 9 ! pure beauty ( c]ta9 =ms :i* art =ces on our notice1 ?\gh we %\ld n h obs]v$ !m 9 ! reality2 & ,i conceive t none ( ^! s\rces ( pleasure are 9 any way express$ or intimat$ by ! t]m imitation4 ,b !re is "o s\rce ( pleasure 9 works ( art totally diff]5t f all ^!1 :i* ,i conceive to be prop]ly & accurately express$ by ! ^w imitation3 "o :i*1 ?\gh con/antly confus$ 9 reason+1 because x is always associat$ 9 fact1 ) o!r means ( pleasure1 is totally sep>at$ f !m 9 its nature1 & is ! real basis ( :atev] complicat$ or v>i\s mean+ may be aft]w>ds atta*$ to ! ^w 9 ! m9ds ( m54 ,sec4 #b4 ,real mean+ ( ! t]m4 ,sec4 #c4 ,:at is requisite to ! s5se ( imitation4 ,i wi% to po9t out ?is di/9ct s\rce ( pleasure cle>ly at once1 & only to use ! ^w imitation 9 ref]5ce to x4 ,:5ev] any?+ looks l :at x is n1 ! resemblance be+ s great z ne>ly to deceive1 we feel a k9d ( pleasurable surprise1 an agreeable excitem5t ( m9d1 exactly ! same 9 its nature z t :i* we receive f juggl+4 ,:5ev] we p]ceive ?is 9 some?+ produc$ by art1 t is to say1 :5ev] ! "w is se5 to resemble some?+ :i* we "k x is n1 we receive :at ,i call an idea ( imitation4 ,:y su* ideas are pleas+1 x w\ld be out ( our pres5t purpose to inquire2 we only "k t !re is no man :o does n feel pleasure 9 8 animal nature f g5tle surprise1 & t su* surprise c be excit$ 9 no m di/9ct mann] ?an by ! evid5ce t a ?+ is n :at x appe>s to be4#d ,n[ two ?+s are requisite to our complete & m pleasurable p]ception ( ?is3 fir/1 t ! resemblance be s p]fect z to am\nt to a deception2 secondly1 t !re be "s means ( prov+ at ! same mom5t t x is a deception4 ,! mo/ p]fect ideas & pleasures ( imitation are1 !re=e1 :5 "o s5se is contradict$ by ano!r1 bo? be>+ z positive evid5ce on ! subject z ea* is capable ( alone2 z :5 ! eye says a ?+ is r\nd1 & ! f+] says x is flat2 !y are1 !re=e1 nev] felt 9 s high a degree z 9 pa9t+1 :]e appe>ance ( projection1 r\ghness1 hair1 velvet1 etc41 are giv5 ) a smoo? surface1 or 9 wax-"w1 :]e ! fir/ evid5ce ( ! s5ses is p]petually contradict$ by _! exp]i5ce2 b ! mom5t we come to m>ble1 our def9ition *ecks u1 = a m>ble figure does n look l :at x is n3 x looks l m>ble1 & l ! =m ( a man1 b !n x is m>ble1 & x is ! =m ( a man4 ,x does n look l a man1 :i* x is n1 b l ! =m ( a man1 :i* x is4 ,=m is =m1 bona fide & actual1 :e!r 9 m>ble or 9 fle%--n an imitation or resemblance ( =m1 b real =m4 ,! *alk outl9e ( ! b\gh ( a tree on pap]1 is n an imitation2 x looks l *alk & pap]--n l wood1 & t :i* x sugge/s to ! m9d is n prop]ly said to be l ! =m ( a b\gh1 x is ! =m ( a b\gh4 ,n[1 !n1 we see ! limits ( an idea ( imitation2 x ext5ds only to ! s5sation ( trick]y & deception occasion$ by a ?+'s int5tionally seem+ diff]5t f :at x is2 & ! degree ( ! pleasure dep5ds on ! degree ( diff]5ce & ! p]fection ( ! resemblance1 n on ! nature ( ! ?+ resembl$4 ,! simple pleasure 9 ! imitation w\ld be precisely ( ! same degree1 7if ! accuracy c\ld be equal17 :e!r ! subject ( x 7 ! h]o or 8 horse4 ,!re are o!r collat]al s\rces ( pleasure1 :i* are necess>ily associat$ ) ?is1 b t "p ( ! pleasure :i* dep5ds on ! imitation is ! same 9 bo?4 ,sec4 #d4 ,! pleasure result+ f imitation ! mo/ contemptible t c be d]iv$ f art4 ,ideas ( imitation1 !n1 act by produc+ ! simple pleasure ( surprise1 & t n ( surprise 9 its high] s5se & function1 b ( ! mean & paltry surprise :i* is felt 9 juggl]y4 ,^! ideas & pleasures are ! mo/ contemptible :i* c be receiv$ f art2 fir/1 because x is necess>y to _! enjoym5t t ! m9d %\ld reject ! impression & address ( ! ?+ repres5t$1 & fix itself only ^u ! reflection t x is n :at x seems to be4 ,all high or noble emotion or ?\ght are ?us r5d]$ physically impossible1 :ile ! m9d exults 9 :at is v l a /rictly s5sual pleasure4 ,we may consid] te>s z a result ( agony or ( art1 :i*ev] we please1 b n ( bo? at ! same mom5t4 ,if we are surpris$ by !m z an atta9m5t ( ! "o1 x is impossible we c be mov$ by !m z a sign ( ! o!r4 ,sec4 #e4 ,imitation is only ( contemptible subjects4 ,ideas ( imitation are contemptible 9 ! second place1 because n only d !y preclude ! spectator f enjoy+ inh]5t beauty 9 ! subject1 b !y c only be receiv$ f mean & paltry subjects1 because x is impossible to imitate any?+ really great4 ,we c pa9t a cat or a fiddle1 s t !y look z if we c\ld take !m up2 b we _c imitate ! ocean1 or ! ,alps4 ,we c imitate fruit1 b n a tree2 fl[]s1 b n a pa/ure2 cut-glass1 b n ! ra9b[4 ,all pictures 9 :i* deceptive p[]s ( imitation are display$ are !re=e ei!r ( contemptible subjects1 or h ! imitation %[n 9 contemptible p>ts ( !m1 bits ( dress1 jewels1 furniture1 etc4 ,sec4 #f4 ,imitation is contemptible because x is easy4 ,?irdly1 ^! ideas are contemptible1 because no ideas ( p[] are associat$ ) !m2 to ! ignorant1 imitation1 inde$1 seems difficult1 & its success praisewor?y1 b ev5 !y c by no possibility see m 9 ! arti/ ?an !y d 9 a juggl]1 :o arrives at a /range end by means ) :i* !y are unacqua9t$4 ,to ! in/ruct$1 ! juggl] is by f> ! m respectable arti/ ( ! two1 = !y "k sleight ( h& to be an art ( imm5sely m difficult acquirem5t1 & to imply m +5uity 9 ! arti/ ?an a p[] ( deceptive imitation 9 pa9t+1 :i* requires no?+ m = its atta9m5t ?an a true eye1 a /eady h&1 & mod]ate indu/ry--qualities :i* 9 no degree sep>ate ! imitative arti/ f a wat*-mak]1 p9-mak]1 or any o!r neat-h&$ artific]4 ,^! rem>ks d n apply to ! art ( ! ,diorama1 or ! /age1 :]e ! pleasure is n dep5d5t on ! imitation1 b is ! same :i* we %\ld receive f nature h]self1 only f> inf]ior 9 degree4 ,x is a noble pleasure2 b we %all see 9 ! c\rse ( our inve/igation1 bo? t x is inf]ior to t :i* we receive :5 !re is no deception at all1 & :y x is s4 ,sec4 #g4 ,recapitulation4 ,:5ev] !n 9 future1 ,i speak ( ideas ( imitation1 ,i wi% to be und]/ood to mean ! imm$iate & pres5t p]ception t some?+ produc$ by art is n :at x seems to be4 ,i pref] say+ t x is n :at x seems to be1 to say+ t x seems to be :at x is n1 because we p]ceive at once :at x seems to be1 & ! idea ( imitation1 & ! consequ5t pleasure1 result f ! subsequ5t p]ception ( its be+ some?+ else--flat1 = in/ance1 :5 we ?\ght x 0 r\nd4 ,,footnotes #d ,greek3 syllogismos ettig1 hoti t\to eke9o4--,ari/4 ,rhet4 #a1 #aa1 #bc4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,( ,,ideas ,,( ,,tru?4 ,! ^w tru?1 z appli$ to art1 signifies ! fai?ful /atem5t1 ei!r to ! m9d or s5ses1 ( any fact ( nature4 ,sec4 #a4 ,mean+ ( ! ^w tru? z appli$ to art4 ,we receive an idea ( tru?1 !n1 :5 we p]ceive ! fai?fulness ( su* a /atem5t4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ideas ( tru? & ( imitation lies *iefly 9 ! foll[+ po9ts4 ,sec4 #b4 ,fir/ diff]5ce betwe5 tru? & imitation4 ,fir/1--,imitation c only be ( some?+ mat]ial1 b tru? has ref]5ce to /atem5ts bo? ( ! qualities ( mat]ial ?+s1 & ( emotions1 impressions1 & ?\ghts4 ,!re is a moral z well z mat]ial tru?1--a tru? ( impression z well z ( =m1--( ?\ght z well z ( matt]2 & ! tru? ( impression & ?\ght is a ?\s& times ! m important ( ! two4 ,h5ce1 tru? is a t]m ( univ]sal application1 b imitation is limit$ to t n>r[ field ( art :i* takes cognizance only ( mat]ial ?+s4 ,sec4 #c4 ,second diff]5ce4 ,secondly1--,tru? may be /at$ by any signs or symbols :i* h a def9ite signification 9 ! m9ds ( ^? to :om !y are address$1 al?\gh su* signs be !mselves no image nor lik5ess ( any?+4 ,:atev] c excite 9 ! m9d ! conception ( c]ta9 facts1 c give ideas ( tru?1 ?\gh x be 9 no degree ! imitation or resemblance ( ^? facts4 ,if !re be--we d n say !re is--b if !re be 9 pa9t+ any?+ :i* op]ates1 z words d1 n by resembl+ any?+1 b by be+ tak5 z a symbol & sub/itute = x1 & ?us induc+ ! effect ( x1 !n ?is *annel ( communication c convey uncorrupt$ tru?1 ?\gh x d n 9 any degree resemble ! facts ^: conception x induces4 ,b ideas ( imitation1 ( c\rse1 require ! lik5ess ( ! object4 ,!y speak to ! p]ceptive faculties only3 tru? to ! conceptive4 ,sec4 #d4 ,?ird diff]5ce4 ,?irdly1--,& 9 consequ5ce ( :at is above /at$1 an idea ( tru? exi/s 9 ! /atem5t ( "o attribute ( any?+1 b an idea ( imitation requires ! resemblance ( z _m attributes z we are usually cognizant ( 9 its real pres5ce4 ,a p5cil outl9e ( ! b\gh ( a tree on :ite pap] is a /atem5t ( a c]ta9 numb] ( facts ( =m4 ,x does n yet am\nt to ! imitation ( any?+4 ,! idea ( t =m is n giv5 9 nature by l9es at all1 /ill less by black l9es ) a :ite space betwe5 !m4 ,b ^? l9es convey to ! m9d a di/9ct impression ( a c]ta9 numb] ( facts1 :i* x recognizes z agreeable ) its previ\s impressions ( ! b\gh ( a tree2 & x receives1 !re=e1 an idea ( tru?4 ,if1 in/ead ( two l9es1 we give a d>k =m ) ! bru%1 we convey in=mation ( a c]ta9 relation ( %ade betwe5 ! b\gh & sky1 recognizable = ano!r idea ( tru?2 b we h /ill no imitation1 = ! :ite pap] is n ! lea/ l air1 nor ! black %ad[ l wood4 ,x is n until aft] a c]ta9 numb] ( ideas ( tru? h be5 collect$ toge!r1 t we arrive at an idea ( imitation4 ,sec4 #e4 ,no accurate tru?s necess>y to imitation4 ,h5ce x might at fir/ sight appe>1 t an idea ( imitation1 inasmu* z sev]al ideas ( tru? 7 unit$ 9 x1 0 nobl] ?an a simple idea ( tru?4 ,& if x 7 necess>y t ! ideas ( tru? %\ld be p]fect1 or %\ld be subjects ( contemplation z su*1 x w\ld be s4 ,b1 obs]ve1 we require to produce ! effect ( imitation only s _m & su* ideas ( tru? z ! s5ses are usually cognizant (4 ,n[ ! s5ses are n usually1 nor unless !y be especially devot$ to ! s]vice1 cognizant1 ) accuracy1 ( any tru?s b ^? ( space & projection4 ,x requires long /udy & att5tion be=e !y give c]ta9 evid5ce ( ev5 ! simple/ tru?s ( =m4 ,= in/ance1 ! quay on :i* ! figure is sitt+1 ) 8 h& at 8 eyes1 9 ,claude's seaport1 ,no4 #ad1 9 ! ,national ,gall]y1 is egregi\sly out ( p]spective4 ,! eye ( ?is arti/1 ) all 8 /udy1 _h ?us n acquir$ ! p[] ( tak+ cognizance ( ! app>5t =m ev5 ( a simple p>allelopip$4 ,h[ mu* less ( ! complicat$ =ms ( b\ghs1 leaves1 or limbs8 ,al?\gh1 !re=e1 some?+ resembl+ ! real =m is necess>y to deception1 ?is some?+ is n to be call$ a tru? ( =m2 =1 /rictly speak+1 !re are no degrees ( tru?1 !re are only degrees ( approa* to x2 & an approa* to x1 ^: feebl5ess & imp]fection w\ld in/antly (f5d & give pa9 to a m9d really capable ( di/+ui%+ tru?1 is yet q suffici5t = all ! purposes ( deceptive imag9ation4 ,x is ! same ) reg>d to color4 ,if we 7 to pa9t a tree sky-blue1 or a dog rose-p9k1 ! disc]nm5t ( ! public w\ld be ke5 en\gh to discov] ! falsehood2 b1 s t !re be j s mu* approa* to tru? ( color z may come up to ! common idea ( x 9 m5's m9ds1 t is to say1 if ! trees be all bright gre51 & fle% unbrok5 buff1 & gr\nd unbrok5 br[n1 ?\gh all ! real & ref9$ tru?s ( color be :olly omitt$1 or r defi$ & contradict$1 !re is yet q en\gh = all purposes ( imitation4 ,! only facts !n1 :i* we are usually & c]ta9ly cognizant (1 are ^? ( di/ance & projection1 & if ^! be tol]ably giv51 ) some?+ l tru? ( =m & color to assi/ !m1 ! idea ( imitation is complete4 ,i w\ld und]take to pa9t an arm1 ) e muscle out ( its place1 & e bone ( false =m & dislocat$ articulation1 & yet to obs]ve c]ta9 co>se & broad resemblances ( true outl9e1 :i*1 ) c>eful %ad+1 w\ld induce deception1 & draw d[n ! praise & delight ( ! disc]n+ public4 ,! o!r day at ,bruges1 :ile ,i 0 endeavor+ to set d[n 9 my note-book some?+ ( ! ineffable expression ( ! ,madonna 9 ! ca!dral1 a ,fr5* amateur came up to me1 to inquire if ,i _h se5 ! mod]n ,fr5* pictures 9 a neighbor+ *ur*4 ,i _h n1 b felt little incl9$ to leave my m>ble = all ! canvas t ev] suff]$ f ,fr5* bru%es4 ,my apa?y 0 attack$ ) gradually increas+ en]gy ( praise4 ,rub5s nev] execut$--,titian nev] color$ any?+ l !m4 ,i ?\ght ?is highly probable1 & /ill sat quiet4 ,! voice cont9u$ at my e>4 ,p>bleu1 ,monsieur1 ,mi*el ,ange n'a ri5 produit de plus beau6 ,de plus beau8 repeat$ ,i1 wi%+ to "k :at p>ticul> excell5ces ( ,mi*ael ,angelo 7 to be intimat$ by ?is expression4 ,monsieur1 on ne p5t plus--c'e/ un tableau admirable--inconcevable3 ,monsieur1 said ! ,fr5*man1 lift+ up 8 h&s to heav51 z he conc5trat$ 9 "o conclusive & ov]:elm+ proposition ! qualities :i* 7 to out%9e ,rub5s & ov]p[] ,buon>oti--,monsieur1 ,,il ,,sort6 ,?is g5tleman c\ld only p]ceive two tru?s--fle% color & projection4 ,^! con/itut$ 8 notion ( ! p]fection ( pa9t+2 because !y unite all t is necess>y = deception4 ,he 0 n !re=e cognizant ( _m ideas ( tru?1 ?\gh p]fectly cognizant ( ideas ( imitation4 ,sec4 #f4 ,ideas ( tru? are inconsi/5t ) ideas ( imitation4 ,we %all see1 9 ! c\rse ( our inve/igation ( ideas ( tru?1 t ideas ( imitation n only d n imply _! pres5ce1 b ev5 are inconsi/5t ) x2 & t pictures :i* imitate s z to deceive1 are nev] true4 ,b ?is is n ! place = ! pro( ( ?is2 at pres5t we h only to insi/ on ! la/ & greate/ di/9ction betwe5 ideas ( tru? & ( imitation--t ! m9d1 9 receiv+ "o ( ! =m]1 dwells ^u its own conception ( ! fact1 or =m1 or feel+ /at$1 & is occupi$ only ) ! qualities & "* ( t fact or =m1 consid]+ x z real & exi/+1 be+ all ! :ile totally reg>dless ( ! signs or symbols by :i* ! notion ( x has be5 convey$4 ,^! signs h no pret5ce1 nor hypocrisy1 nor leg]dema9 ab\t !m2--!re is no?+ to be f\nd out1 or sift$1 or surpris$ 9 !m2--!y be> _! message simply & cle>ly1 & x is t message :i* ! m9d takes f !m & dwells ^u1 reg>dless ( ! language 9 :i* x is deliv]$4 ,b ! m9d1 9 receiv+ an idea ( imitation1 is :olly occupi$ 9 f9d+ out t :at has be5 sugge/$ to x is n :at x appe>s to be3 x does n dwell on ! sugge/ion1 b on ! p]ception t x is a false sugge/ion3 x d]ives its pleasure1 n f ! contemplation ( a tru?1 b f ! discov]y ( a falsehood4 ,s t ! mom5t ideas ( tru? are gr\p$ toge!r1 s z to give rise to an idea ( imitation1 !y *ange _! v nature--lose _! ess5ce z ideas ( tru?--& are corrupt$ & degrad$1 s z to %>e 9 ! trea*]y ( :at !y h produc$4 ,h5ce1 f9ally1 ideas ( tru? are ! f\ndation1 & ideas ( imitation ! de/ruction1 ( all art4 ,we %all be bett] able to appreciate _! relative dignity aft] ! inve/igation :i* we propose ( ! functions ( ! =m]2 b we may z well n[ express ! conclusion to :i* we %all !n be l$--t no picture c be good :i* deceives by its imitation1 = ! v reason t no?+ c be beautiful :i* is n true4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,( ,,ideas ,,( ,,beauty4 ,sec4 #a4 ,def9ition ( ! t]m beautiful4 ,any mat]ial object :i* c give u pleasure 9 ! simple contemplation ( its outw>d qualities )\t any direct & def9ite ex]tion ( ! intellect1 ,i call 9 "s way1 or 9 "s degree1 beautiful4 ,:y we receive pleasure f "s =ms & colors1 & n f o!rs1 is no m to be ask$ or answ]$ ?an :y we l sug> & dislike wormwood4 ,! utmo/ subtilty ( inve/igation w only lead u to ultimate in/9cts & pr9ciples ( human nature1 = :i* no f>!r reason c be giv5 ?an ! simple w ( ! ,deity t we %\ld be s creat$4 ,we may1 inde$1 p]ceive1 z f> z we are acqua9t$ ) ,8 nature1 t we h be5 s con/ruct$ z1 :5 9 a heal?y & cultivat$ /ate ( m9d1 to d]ive pleasure f :atev] ?+s are illu/rative ( t nature2 b we d n receive pleasure f !m because !y are illu/rative ( x1 nor f any p]ception t !y are illu/rative ( x1 b in/9ctively & necess>ily1 z we d]ive s5sual pleasure f ! sc5t ( a rose4 ,on ^! prim>y pr9ciples ( our nature1 education & accid5t op]ate to an unlimit$ ext5t2 !y may be cultivat$ or *eck$1 direct$ or div]t$1 gift$ by "r guidance ) ! mo/ acute & faultless s5se1 or subject$ by neglect to e phase ( error & disease4 ,he :o has foll[$ up ^! natural laws ( av]sion & desire1 r5d]+ !m m & m au?oritative by con/ant ob$i5ce1 s z to d]ive pleasure always f t :i* ,god orig9ally int5d$ %\ld give him pleasure1 & :o d]ives ! greate/ possible sum ( pleasure f any giv5 object1 is a man ( ta/e4 ,sec4 #b4 ,def9ition ( ! t]m ta/e4 ,?is1 !n1 is ! real mean+ ( ?is disput$ ^w4 ,p]fect ta/e is ! faculty ( receiv+ ! greate/ possible pleasure f ^? mat]ial s\rces :i* are attractive to our moral nature 9 its purity & p]fection4 ,he :o receives little pleasure f ^! s\rces1 wants ta/e2 he :o receives pleasure f any o!r s\rces1 has false or bad ta/e4 ,sec4 #c4 ,di/9ction betwe5 ta/e & judgm5t4 ,& x is ?us t ! t]m ta/e is to be di/+ui%$ f t ( judgm5t1 ) :i* x is con/antly conf\nd$4 ,judgm5t is a g5]al t]m1 express+ def9ite action ( ! intellect1 & applicable to e k9d ( subject :i* c be submitt$ to x4 ,!re may be judgm5t ( congruity1 judgm5t ( tru?1 judgm5t ( ju/ice1 & judgm5t ( difficulty & excell5ce4 ,b all ^! ex]tions ( ! intellect are totally di/9ct f ta/e1 prop]ly s call$1 :i* is ! in/9ctive & in/ant pref]r+ ( "o mat]ial object to ano!r )\t any obvi\s reason1 except t x is prop] to human nature 9 its p]fection s to d4 ,sec4 #d4 ,h[ f> beauty may become intellectual4 ,obs]ve1 h[ev]1 ,i d n mean by exclud+ direct ex]tion ( ! intellect f ideas ( beauty1 to ass]t t beauty has no effect ^u nor connection ) ! intellect4 ,all our moral feel+s are s 9-wov5 ) our intellectual p[]s1 t we _c affect ! "o )\t 9 "s degree address+ ! o!r2 & 9 all high ideas ( beauty1 x is m ?an probable t mu* ( ! pleasure dep5ds on delicate & untraceable p]ceptions ( fitness1 propriety1 & relation1 :i* are purely intellectual1 & ?r\gh :i* we arrive at our noble/ ideas ( :at is commonly & rightly call$ intellectual beauty4 ,b !re is yet no imm$iate ex]tion ( ! intellect2 t is to say1 if a p]son receiv+ ev5 ! noble/ ideas ( simple beauty be ask$ :y he likes ! object excit+ !m1 he w n be able to give any di/9ct reason1 nor to trace 9 8 m9d any =m$ ?\ght1 to :i* he c appeal z a s\rce ( pleasure4 ,he w say t ! ?+ gratifies1 fills1 hall[s1 exalts 8 m9d1 b he w n be able to say :y1 or h[4 ,if he c1 & if he c %[ t he p]ceives 9 ! object any expression ( di/9ct ?\ght1 he has receiv$ m ?an an idea ( beauty--x is an idea ( relation4 ,sec4 #e4 ,! high rank & function ( ideas ( beauty4 ,ideas ( beauty are among ! noble/ :i* c be pres5t$ to ! human m9d1 inv>iably exalt+ & purify+ x accord+ to _! degree2 & x w\ld appe> t we are int5d$ by ! ,deity to be con/antly "u _! influ5ce1 because !re is n "o s+le object 9 nature :i* is n capable ( convey+ !m1 & :i*1 to ! rightly p]ceiv+ m9d1 does n pres5t an incalculably great] numb] ( beautiful ?an ( de=m$ p>ts2 !re be+ 9 fact sc>cely any?+1 9 pure1 undiseas$ nature1 l positive de=mity1 b only degrees ( beauty1 or su* slight & r>e po9ts ( p]mitt$ contra/ z may r5d] all ar\nd !m m valuable by _! opposition1 spots ( blackness 9 creation1 to make its colors felt4 ,sec4 #f4 ,mean+ ( ! t]m ideal beauty4 ,b al?\gh ev]y?+ 9 nature is m or less beautiful1 e species ( object has its own k9d & degree ( beauty2 "s be+ 9 _! own nature m beautiful ?an o!rs1 & few1 if any1 individuals possess+ ! utmo/ degree ( beauty ( :i* ! species is capable4 ,?is utmo/ degree ( specific beauty1 necess>ily coexi/5t ) ! utmo/ p]fection ( ! object 9 o!r respects1 is ! ideal ( ! object4 ,ideas ( beauty1 !n1 be x rememb]$1 are ! subjects ( moral1 b n ( intellectual p]ception4 ,by ! inve/igation ( !m we %all be l$ to ! k ( ! ideal subjects ( art4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,( ,,ideas ,,( ,,relation4 ,sec4 #a4 ,g5]al mean+ ( ! t]m4 ,i use ?is t]m r z "o ( conv5i5ce ?an z adequately expressive ( ! va/ class ( ideas :i* ,i wi% to be compreh5d$ "u x1 namely1 all ^? conveyable by art1 :i* are ! subjects ( di/9ct intellectual p]ception & action1 & :i* are !re=e wor?y ( ! "n ( ?\ghts4 ,b z e ?\ght1 or def9ite ex]tion ( intellect1 implies two subjects1 & "s connection or relation inf]r$ betwe5 !m1 ! t]m ideas ( relation is n incorrect1 ?\gh x is inexpressive4 ,sec4 #b4 ,:at ideas are to be compreh5d$ "u x4 ,"u ?is head mu/ be arrang$ ev]y?+ productive ( expression1 s5tim5t1 & "*1 :e!r 9 figures or l&scapes1 7= !re may be z mu* def9ite expression & m>k$ c>ry+ out ( p>ticul> ?\ghts 9 ! treatm5t ( inanimate z ( animate nature17 ev]y?+ relat+ to ! conception ( ! subject & to ! congruity & relation ( its p>ts2 n z !y enhance ea* o!r's beauty by kn[n & con/ant laws ( composition1 b z !y give ea* o!r expression & mean+1 by p>ticul> application1 requir+ di/9ct ?\ght to discov] or to enjoy3 ! *oice1 = in/ance1 ( a p>ticul> lurid or appall+ light1 to illu/rate an incid5t 9 itself t]rible1 or ( a p>ticul> tone ( pure color to prep>e ! m9d = ! expression ( ref9$ & delicate feel+2 &1 9 a /ill high] s5se1 ! inv5tion ( su* incid5ts & ?\ghts z c be express$ 9 words z well z on canvas1 & are totally indep5d5t ( any means ( art b su* z may s]ve = ! b>e sugge/ion ( !m4 ,! pr9cipal object 9 ! =egr\nd ( ,turn]'s ,build+ ( ,c>?age is a gr\p ( *ildr5 sail+ toy boats4 ,! exquisite *oice ( ?is incid5t1 z expressive ( ! rul+ passion1 :i* 0 to be ! s\rce ( future greatness1 9 pref]5ce to ! tumult ( busy /one-masons or arm+ soldi]s1 is q z appreciable :5 x is told z :5 x is se51--x has no?+ to d ) ! te*nicalities ( pa9t+2 a scrat* ( ! p5 w\ld h convey$ ! idea & spok5 to ! intellect z mu* z ! elaborate realizations ( color4 ,su* a ?\ght z ?is is some?+ f> above all art2 x is epic poetry ( ! highe/ ord]4 ,claude1 9 subjects ( ! same k9d1 commonly introduces p c>ry+ r$ trunks ) iron locks ab\t1 & dwells1 ) infant9e delight1 on ! lu/re ( ! lea!r & ! ornam5ts ( ! iron4 ,! intellect c h no occupation "h2 we mu/ look to ! imitation or to no?+4 ,consequ5tly1 ,turn] rises above ,claude 9 ! v fir/ in/ant ( ! conception ( 8 picture1 & acquires an intellectual sup]iority :i* no p[]s ( ! draughtsman or ! arti/ 7suppos+ t su* exi/$ 9 8 antagoni/7 c\ld ev] wre/ f him4 ,sec4 #c4 ,! exce$+ nobility ( ^! ideas4 ,su* are ! function & =ce ( ideas ( relation4 ,!y are :at ,i h ass]t$ 9 ! second *apt] ( ?is section to be ! noble/ subjects ( art4 ,dep5d5t ^u x only = expression1 !y cause all ! re/ ( its complicat$ s\rces ( pleasure to take1 9 comp>ison ) !m1 ! place ( m]e language or decoration2 nay1 ev5 ! noble/ ideas ( beauty s9k at once beside ^! into subord9ation & subjection4 ,x w\ld add little to ! influ5ce ( ,l&se]'s picture above in/anc$1 ,*ap4 ,,ii41 ,sec4 #d1 t ! =m ( ! dog %\ld be conceiv$ ) e p]fection ( curve & color :i* its nature 0 capable (1 & t ! ideal l9es %\ld be c>ri$ out ) ! sci5ce ( a ,praxiteles2 nay1 ! in/ant t ! beauty s obta9$ int]f]$ ) ! impression ( agony & desolation1 & drew ! m9d away f ! feel+ ( ! animal to its outw>d =m1 t in/ant w\ld ! picture become mon/r\s & degrad$4 ,! utmo/ glory ( ! human body is a mean subject ( contemplation1 comp>$ to ! emotion1 ex]tion & "* ( t :i* animates x2 ! lu/re ( ! limbs ( ! ,aphrodite is fa9t beside t ( ! br[ ( ! ,madonna2 & ! div9e =m ( ! ,greek god1 except z x is ! inc>nation & expression ( div9e m9d1 is degrad$ beside ! passion & ! prophecy ( ! vaults ( ! ,si/9e4 ,sec4 #d4 ,:y no subdivision ( s ext5sive a class is necess>y4 ,ideas ( relation are ( c\rse1 ) respect to art g5]ally1 ! mo/ ext5sive z ! mo/ important s\rce ( pleasure2 & if we propos$ ent]+ ^u ! criticism ( hi/orical works1 x w\ld be absurd to attempt to d s )\t fur!r subdivision & arrangem5t4 ,b ! old l&scape pa9t]s got ov] s mu* canvas )\t ei!r ex]cise (1 or appeal to1 ! intellect1 t we %all be little tr\bl$ ) ! subject z f> z !y are conc]n$2 & :atev] subdivision we may adopt1 z x w !re=e h p>ticul> ref]5ce to ! works ( mod]n arti/s1 w be bett] und]/ood :5 we h obta9$ "s k ( !m 9 less important po9ts4 ,by ! t]m ideas ( relation1 !n1 ,i mean 9 future to express all ^? s\rces ( pleasure1 :i* involve & require1 at ! in/ant ( _! p]ception1 active ex]tion ( ! intellectual p[]s4 ,,section ,,ii4 ,,( ,,p[]4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,g5]al ,,pr9ciples ,,respect+ ,,ideas ,,( ,,p[]4 ,sec4 #a4 ,no necessity = detail$ /udy ( ideas ( imitation4 ,we h se5 9 ! la/ section1 :at classes ( ideas may be convey$ by art1 & we h be5 able s f> to appreciate _! relative wor? z to see1 t f ! li/1 z x is to be appli$ to ! purposes ( legitimate criticism1 we may at once ?r[ out ! ideas ( imitation2 fir/1 because1 z we h %[n1 !y are unwor?y ! pursuit ( ! arti/2 & secondly1 because !y are no?+ m ?an ! result ( a p>ticul> association ( ideas ( tru?4 ,9 exam9+ ! tru? ( art1 !re=e1 we %all be compell$ to take notice ( ^? p>ticul> tru?s1 ^: association gives rise to ! ideas ( imitation4 ,we %all !n see m cle>ly ! meanness ( ^? tru?s1 & we %all f9d ourselves able to use !m z te/s ( vice 9 art1 say+ ( a picture1--,x deceives1 !re=e x mu/ be bad4 ,sec4 #b4 ,nor = sep>ate /udy ( ideas ( p[]4 ,ideas ( p[]1 9 ! same way1 _c be completely view$ z a sep>ate class2 n because !y are mean or unimportant1 b because !y are almo/ always associat$ )1 or dep5d5t ^u1 "s ( ! high] ideas ( tru?1 beauty1 or relation1 r5d]$ ) decision or velocity4 ,t p[] :i* delights u 9 ! *alk sket* ( a great pa9t] is n "o ( ! f+]s1 n l t ( ! writ+-ma/]1 m]e dext]ity ( h&4 ,x is ! accuracy & c]ta9ty ( ! k1 r5d]$ evid5t by its rapid & fe>less expression1 :i* is ! real s\rce ( pleasure2 & s ^u ea* difficulty ( art1 :e!r x be to "k1 or to relate1 or to inv5t1 ! s5sation ( p[] is att5dant1 :5 we see t difficulty totally & swiftly vanqui%$4 ,h5ce1 z we det]m9e :at is o!rwise desirable 9 art1 we %all gradually develop ! s\rces ( ! ideas ( p[]2 & if !re be any?+ difficult :i* is n o!rwise desirable1 x mu/ be aft]w>ds consid]$ sep>ately4 ,sec4 #c4 ,except "u "o p>ticul> =m4 ,b x w be necess>y at pres5t to notice a p>ticul> =m ( ! ideas ( p[]1 :i* is p>tially indep5d5t ( k ( tru?1 or difficulty1 & :i* is apt to corrupt ! judgm5t ( ! critic1 & debase ! "w ( ! arti/4 ,x is evid5t t ! conception ( p[] :i* we receive f a calculation ( unse5 difficulty1 & an e/imate ( unse5 /r5g?1 c nev] be s impressive z t :i* we receive f ! pres5t s5sation or sight ( ! "o resi/+1 & ! o!r ov]:elm+4 ,9 ! "o case ! p[] is imag9$1 & 9 ! o!r felt4 ,sec4 #d4 ,!re are two modes ( receiv+ ideas ( p[]1 commonly inconsi/5t4 ,!re are ?us two modes 9 :i* we receive ! conception ( p[]2 "o1 ! mo/ j1 :5 by a p]fect k ( ! difficulty to be ov]come1 & ! means employ$1 we =m a "r e/imate ( ! faculties ex]t$2 ! o!r1 :5 )\t possess+ su* intimate & accurate k1 we are impress$ by a s5sation ( p[] 9 visible action4 ,if ^! two modes ( receiv+ ! impression agree 9 ! result1 & if ! s5sation be equal to ! e/imate1 we receive ! utmo/ possible idea ( p[]4 ,b ?is is ! case p]haps ) ! works ( only "o man out ( ! :ole circle ( ! fa!rs ( art1 ( him to :om we h j ref]r$1 ,mi*ael ,angelo4 ,9 o!rs1 ! e/imate & ! s5sation are con/antly unequal1 & (t5 contradictory4 ,sec4 #e4 ,fir/ reason ( ! inconsi/5cy4 ,! fir/ reason ( ?is inconsi/5cy is1 t 9 ord] to receive a s5sation ( p[]1 we mu/ see x 9 op]ation4 ,its victory1 !re=e1 mu/ n be a*iev$1 b a*iev+1 & !re=e imp]fect4 ,?us we receive a great] s5sation ( p[] f ! half-hewn limbs ( ! ,twilight to ! ,day ( ! ,cappella de' ,m$ici1 ?an ev5 f ! div9e inebriety ( ! ,bac*us 9 ! gall]y--great] f ! life da%$ out along ! ,friezes ( ! ,p>!non1 ?an f ! poli%$ limbs ( ! ,apollo1--great] f ! ink sket* ( ! head ( ,raffaelle's ,/4 ,ca!r9e1 ?an f ! p]fection ( its realization4 ,sec4 #f4 ,second reason = ! inconsi/5cy4 ,ano!r reason ( ! inconsi/5cy is1 t ! s5sation ( p[] is 9 proportion to ! app>5t inadequacy ( ! means to ! end2 s t ! impression is mu* great] f a p>tial success atta9$ ) slight ef=t1 ?an f p]fect success atta9$ ) great] proportional ef=t4 ,n[1 9 all art1 e t\* or ef=t does individually less 9 proportion z ! "w approa*es p]fection4 ,! fir/ five *alk t\*es br+ a head into exi/5ce out ( no?+4 ,no five t\*es 9 ! :ole c\rse ( ! "w w ev] d s mu* z ^!1 & ! diff]5ce made by ea* t\* is m & m imp]ceptible z ! "w approa*es completion4 ,consequ5tly1 ! ratio betwe5 ! means employ$ & ! effect produc$ is con/antly decreas+1 & !re=e ! lea/ s5sation ( p[] is receiv$ f ! mo/ p]fect "w4 ,sec4 #g4 ,! s5sation ( p[] ought n to be s\ght 9 imp]fect art4 ,x is ?us evid5t t !re are s5sations ( p[] ab\t imp]fect art1 s t x be "r art z f> z x goes1 :i* mu/ always be want+ 9 its p]fection2 & t !re are s\rces ( pleasure 9 ! ha/y sket* & r\gh hewn block1 :i* are p>tially want+ 9 ! t9t$ canvas & ! poli%$ m>ble4 ,b x is nev]!less wrong to pref] ! s5sation ( p[] to ! intellectual p]ception ( x4 ,!re is 9 reality great] p[] 9 ! completion ?an 9 ! comm5cem5t2 & ?\gh x be n s manife/ to ! s5ses1 x ought to h high] influ5ce on ! m9d2 & !re=e 9 prais+ pictures = ! ideas ( p[] !y convey1 we mu/ n look to ! ke5e/ s5sation1 b to ! highe/ e/imate1 accompani$ ) z mu* ( ! s5sation z is compatible ) x2 & ?us we %all consid] ^? pictures z convey+ ! highe/ ideas ( p[] :i* atta9 ! mo/ p]fect end ) ! slighte/ possible means2 n1 obs]ve1 ^? 9 :i*1 ?\gh mu* has be5 done ) little1 all has n be5 done1 b f ! picture1 9 :i* all has be5 done1 & yet n a t\* ?r[n away4 ,! quantity ( "w 9 ! sket* is necess>ily less 9 proportion to ! effect obta9$ ?an 9 ! picture2 b yet ! picture involves ! great] p[]1 if out ( all ! additional labor be/[$ on x1 n a t\* has be5 lo/4 ,sec4 #h4 ,in/ances 9 pictures ( mod]n arti/s4 ,= in/ance1 !re are few draw+s ( ! pres5t day t involve great] s5sations ( p[] ?an ^? ( ,fr$]ick ,tayl]4 ,e da% tells1 & ! quantity ( effect obta9$ is enorm\s1 9 proportion to ! app>5t means4 ,b ! effect obta9$ is n complete4 ,brilliant1 beautiful1 & "r1 z a sket*1 ! "w is /ill f> f p]fection1 z a draw+4 ,on ! contr>y1 !re are few draw+s ( ! pres5t day t be> evid5ce ( m labor be/[$1 or m complicat$ means employ$1 ?an ^? ( ,john ,lewis4 ,! result does n1 at fir/1 s mu* convey an impression ( inh]5t p[] z ( prolong$ ex]tion2 b ! result is complete4 ,wat]-color draw+ c be c>ri$ no f>!r2 no?+ has be5 left unf9i%$ or untold4 ,& on exam9ation ( ! means employ$1 x is f\nd & felt t n "o t\* out ( ! ?\s&s employ$ has be5 ?r[n away2--t n "o dot nor da% c\ld be sp>$ )\t loss ( effect2--& t ! ex]tion has be5 z swift z x has be5 prolong$--z bold z x has be5 p]sev]+4 ,! p[] involv$ 9 su* a picture is ( ! highe/ ord]1 & ! endur+ pleasure foll[+ on ! e/imate ( x pure4 ,sec4 #i4 ,connection betwe5 ideas ( p[] & modes ( execution4 ,b !re is /ill f>!r gr\nd = caution 9 pursu+ ! s5sation ( p[]1 connect$ ) ! p>ticul> *>act]s & modes ( execution4 ,?is we %all be bett] able to und]/& by briefly review+ ! v>i\s excell5ces :i* may belong to execution1 & give pleasure 9 x2 ?\gh ! full det]m9ation ( :at is desirable 9 x1 & ! critical exam9ation ( ! execution ( diff]5t arti/s1 mu/ be def]r$1 z w be imm$iately se51 until we are m fully acqua9t$ ) ! pr9ciples ( tru?4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,( ,,ideas ,,( ,,p[]1 ,,z ,,!y ,,are ,,dep5d5t ,,^u ,,execution4 ,sec4 #a4 ,mean+ ( ! t]m execution4 ,by ! t]m execution1 ,i und]/& ! "r me*anical use ( ! means ( art to produce a giv5 end4 ,sec4 #b4 ,! fir/ quality ( execution is tru?4 ,all qualities ( execution1 prop]ly s call$1 are influ5c$ by1 & 9 a great degree dep5d5t on1 a f> high] p[] ?an t ( m]e execution1--k ( tru?4 ,= exactly 9 proportion z an arti/ is c]ta9 ( 8 end1 w he be swift & simple 9 8 means2 &1 z he is accurate & deep 9 8 k1 w he be ref9$ & precise 9 8 t\*4 ,! fir/ m]it ( manipulation1 !n1 is t delicate & ceaseless expression ( ref9$ tru? :i* is c>ri$ out to ! la/ t\*1 & %ad[ ( a t\*1 & :i* makes e hairsbread? ( importance1 & e gradation full ( mean+4 ,x is n1 prop]ly speak+1 execution2 b x is ! only s\rce ( diff]5ce betwe5 ! execution ( a commonplace & ( a p]fect arti/4 ,! l[e/ draughtsman1 if he h sp5t ! same "t 9 h&l+ ! bru%1 may be equal to ! highe/ 9 ! o!r qualities ( execution 79 swiftness1 simplicity1 & decision27 b n 9 tru?4 ,x is 9 ! p]fection & precision ( ! in/antane\s l9e t ! claim to immortality is laid4 ,& if ?is tru? ( tru?s be pres5t1 all ! o!r qualities ( execution may well be sp>$2 & to ^? arti/s :o wi% to excuse _! ignorance & inaccuracy by a species ( execution :i* is a p]petual proclamation1 qu'ils n'ont demeure qu'un qu>t d'heure a le faire1 we may reply ) ! tru?ful ,alce/e1 ,monsieur1 le temps ne fait ri5 a l'affaire4 ,sec4 #c4 ,! second1 simplicity4 ,! second quality ( execution is simplicity4 ,! m unpret5d+1 quiet1 & retir+ ! means1 ! m impressive _! effect4 ,any o/5tation1 brilliancy1 or pret5sion ( t\*1--any exhibition ( p[] or quickness1 m]ely z su*1 above all1 any attempt to r5d] l9es attractive at ! exp5se ( _! mean+1 is vice4 ,sec4 #d4 ,! ?ird my/]y4 ,! ?ird is my/]y4 ,nature is always my/]i\s & secret 9 ! use ( h] means2 & art is always like/ h] :5 x is mo/ inexplicable4 ,t execution :i* is ! mo/ incompreh5sible1 & :i* !re=e defies imitation1 7o!r qualities be+ suppos$ alike17 is ! be/4 ,sec4 #e4 ,! f\r?1 inadequacy2 & ! fif?1 decision4 ,! f\r? is inadequacy4 ,! less suffici5t ! means appe> to ! end1 ! great] 7z has be5 already notic$7 w be ! s5sation ( p[]4 ,! fif? is decision3 ! appe>ance1 t is1 t :atev] is done1 has be5 done fe>lessly & at once2 because ?is gives u ! impression t bo? ! fact to be repres5t$1 & ! means necess>y to its repres5tation1 7 p]fectly kn[n4 ,sec4 #f4 ,! six?1 velocity4 ,! six? is velocity4 ,n only is velocity1 or ! appe>ance ( x1 agreeable z decision is1 because x gives ideas ( p[] & k2 b ( two t\*es1 z ne>ly z possible ! same 9 o!r respects1 ! quicke/ w inv>iably be ! be/4 ,tru? be+ suppos$ equally pres5t 9 ! %ape & direction ( bo?1 !re w be m ev5ness1 grace & v>iety1 9 ! quick "o ?an 9 ! sl[ "o4 ,x w be m agreeable to ! eye z a t\* or l9e1 & w possess m ( ! qualities ( ! l9es ( nature--gradation1 unc]ta9ty1 & unity4 ,sec4 #g4 ,/rang5ess an illegitimate s\rce ( pleasure 9 execution4 ,^! six qualities are ! only p]fectly legitimate s\rces ( pleasure 9 execution2 b ,i might h add$ a sev5?--/rang5ess1 :i* 9 _m cases is productive ( a pleasure n altoge!r mean or degrad+1 ?\gh sc>cely "r4 ,suppos+ ! o!r high] qualities fir/ secur$1 x adds 9 no small degree to our impression ( ! arti/'s k1 if ! means us$ be su* z we %\ld nev] h ?\ght (1 or %\ld h ?\ght adapt$ to a contr>y effect4 ,let u1 = in/ance1 comp>e ! execution ( ! bull's head 9 ! left h& l[e/ corn] ( ! ,adoration ( ! ,magi1 9 ! ,museum at ,antw]p1 ) t 9 ,b]ghem's l&scape1 ,no4 #acb 9 ! ,dulwi* ,gall]y4 ,rub5s fir/ scrat*es horizontally ov] 8 canvas a ?9 grayi% br[n1 transp>5t & ev51 v mu* ! color ( light wa9scot2 ! horizontal /rokes ( ! bri/les be+ left s evid5t1 t ! :ole might be tak5 = an imitation ( wood1 7 x n = its transp>5cy4 ,on ?is gr\nd ! eye1 no/ril1 & outl9e ( ! *eek are giv5 ) two or ?ree rude1 br[n t\*es1 7ab\t ?ree or f\r m9utes' "w 9 all17 ?\gh ! head is colossal4 ,! backgr\nd is !n laid 9 ) ?ick1 solid1 w>m :ite1 actually project+ all r\nd ! head1 leav+ x 9 d>k intaglio4 ,f9ally1 five ?9 & scrat*y /rokes ( v cold blui% :ite are /ruck = ! high light on ! =ehead & nose1 & ! head is complete4 ,se5 )9 a y>d ( ! canvas1 x looks actually transp>5t--a flimsy1 mean+less1 di/ant %ad[2 :ile ! backgr\nd looks solid1 project+ & ne>4 ,f ! "r di/ance1 7t5 or twelve y>ds (f1 :5ce alone ! :ole ( ! picture c be se517 x is a complete1 ri*1 sub/antial1 & liv+ realization ( ! project+ head ( ! animal2 :ile ! backgr\nd falls f> beh9d4 ,n[ !re is no slight nor mean pleasure 9 p]ceiv+ su* a result atta9$ by means s /range4 ,by ,b]ghem1 on ! o!r h&1 a d>k backgr\nd is fir/ laid 9 ) exquisite delicacy & transp>5cy1 & on ?is ! c['s head is actually modell$ 9 lum9\s :ite1 ! sep>ate locks ( hair project+ f ! canvas4 ,no surprise1 nor mu* pleasure ( any k9d1 w\ld be att5dant on ?is execution1 ev5 7 ! result equally successful2 & :at little pleasure we _h 9 x1 vani%es1 :5 on retir+ f ! picture1 we f9d ! head %9+ l a di/ant lant]n1 in/ead ( sub/antial or ne>4 ,yet /rang5ess is n to be consid]$ z a legitimate s\rce ( pleasure4 ,t means :i* is mo/ conducive to ! end1 %\ld always be ! mo/ pleasurable2 & t :i* is mo/ conducive to ! end1 c be /range only to ! ignorance ( ! spectator4 ,?is k9d ( pleasure is illegitimate1 !re=e1 because x implies & requires1 9 ^? :o feel x1 ignorance ( art4 ,sec4 #h4 ,yet ev5 ! legitimate s\rces ( pleasure 9 execution are inconsi/5t ) ea* o!r4 ,sec4 #i4 ,& fondness = ideas ( p[] leads to ! adoption ( ! l[e/4 ,sec4 #aj4 ,!re=e p]il\s4 ,! legitimate s\rces ( pleasure 9 execution are !re=e tru?1 simplicity1 my/]y1 inadequacy1 decision1 & velocity4 ,b ( ^!1 be x obs]v$1 "s are s f> inconsi/5t ) o!rs1 t !y _c be unit$ 9 high degrees4 ,my/]y ) inadequacy1 = in/ance2 s9ce to see t ! means are inadequate1 we mu/ see :at !y are4 ,n[ ! fir/ ?ree are ! great qualities ( execution1 & ! la/ ?ree are ! attractive ones1 because on !m are *iefly att5dant ! ideas ( p[]4 ,by ! fir/ ?ree ! att5tion is )drawn f ! means & fix$ on ! result3 by ! la/ ?ree1 )drawn f ! result & fix$ on ! means4 ,to see t execution is swift or t x is decid$1 we mu/ look away f its creation to obs]ve x 9 ! act ( creat+2 we mu/ ?9k m ( ! pallet ?an ( ! picture1 b simplicity & my/]y compel ! m9d to leave ! means & fix itself on ! conception4 ,h5ce ! dang] ( too great fondness = ^? s5sations ( p[] :i* are associat$ ) ! ?ree la/ qualities ( execution2 = al?\gh x is mo/ desirable t ^! %\ld be pres5t z f> z !y are consi/5t ) ! o!rs1 & ?\gh _! visible abs5ce is always pa9ful & wrong1 yet ! mom5t ! high] qualities are sacrific$ to !m 9 ! lea/ degree1 we h a brilliant vice4 ,b]ghem & ,salvator ,rosa are good in/ances ( vici\s execution dep5d5t on too great fondness = s5sations ( p[]1 vici\s because intrusive & attractive 9 itself1 in/ead ( be+ subord9ate to its results & =gott5 9 !m4 ,!re is p]haps no great] /umbl+-block 9 ! arti/'s way1 ?an ! t5d5cy to sacrifice tru? & simplicity to decision & velocity1#e captivat+ qualities1 easy ( atta9m5t1 & sure to attract att5tion & praise1 :ile ! delicate degree ( tru? :i* is at fir/ sacrific$ to !m is s totally unappreciable by ! majority ( spectators1 s difficult ( atta9m5t to ! arti/1 t x is no wond] t ef=ts s ardu\s & unrew>d$ %\ld be ab&on$4 ,b if ! temptation be once yield$ to1 its consequ5ces are fatal2 !re is no pause 9 ! fall4 ,i c\ld "n a celebrat$ mod]n arti/--once a man ( ! highe/ p[] & promise1 :o is a gl>+ in/ance ( ! p]il ( su* a c\rse4 ,misl$ by ! undue popul>ity ( 8 swift execution1 he has sacrific$ to x1 fir/ precision1 & !n tru?1 & h] associate1 beauty4 ,:at 0 fir/ neglect ( nature1 has become contradiction ( h]2 :at 0 once imp]fection1 is n[ falsehood2 & all t 0 m]itori\s 9 8 mann]1 is becom+ ! wor/1 because ! mo/ attractive ( vices2 decision )\t a f\ndation1 & swiftness )\t an end4 ,sec4 #aa4 ,recapitulation4 ,su* are ! pr9cipal modes 9 :i* ! ideas ( p[] may become a dang]\s attraction to ! arti/--a false te/ to ! critic4 ,b 9 all cases :]e !y lead u a/ray x w be f\nd t ! error is caus$ by our pref]r+ victory ov] a small app>5t difficulty to victory ov] a great1 b conceal$ "o2 & s t we keep ?is di/9ction con/antly 9 view1 7:e!r ) ref]5ce to execution or to any o!r quality ( art17 betwe5 ! s5sation & ! intellectual e/imate ( p[]1 we %all always f9d ! ideas ( p[] a j & high s\rce ( pleasure 9 e k9d & grade ( art4 ,,footnotes #e ,i h "h notic$ only noble vices1 ! sacrifices ( "o excell5ce to ano!r legitimate b inf]ior "o4 ,!re are1 on ! o!r h&1 qualities ( execution :i* are (t5 s\ght = & prais$1 ?\gh sc>cely by ! class ( p]sons = :om ,i am writ+1 9 :i* ev]y?+ is sacrific$ to illegitimate & contemptible s\rces ( pleasure1 & ^! are vice ?r\gh\t1 & h no r$eem+ quality nor excus+ aim4 ,su* is t :i* is (t5 ?\ght s desirable 9 ! ,draw+-ma/]1 "u ! title ( boldness1 mean+ t no t\* is ev] to be made less ?an ! t5? ( an in* broad2 su*1 on ! o!r h&1 ! s(tness & smoo?ness :i* are ! great attraction ( ,c>lo ,dolci1 & su* ! exhibition ( p>ticul> p[]s & tricks ( ! h& & f+]s1 9 total =getfulness ( any end :atsoev] to be atta9$ !reby1 :i* is especially *>act]i/ic ( mod]n engrav+4 ,comp>e ,sect4 ,,ii4 ,*ap4 ,,ii4 ,sec4 #ba4 ,note4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,( ,,! ,,sublime4 ,x may p]haps be wond]$ t 9 ! division we h made ( our subject1 we h tak5 no notice ( ! sublime 9 art1 & t 9 our explanation ( t division we h n once us$ ! ^w4 ,sec4 #a4 ,sublimity is ! effect ^u ! m9d ( any?+ above x4 ,! fact is1 t sublimity is n a specific t]m1--n a t]m descriptive ( ! effect ( a p>ticul> class ( ideas4 ,any?+ :i* elevates ! m9d is sublime1 & elevation ( m9d is produc$ by ! contemplation ( greatness ( any k9d2 b *iefly1 ( c\rse1 by ! greatness ( ! noble/ ?+s4 ,sublimity is1 !re=e1 only ano!r ^w = ! effect ( greatness ^u ! feel+s4 ,greatness ( matt]1 space1 p[]1 virtue1 or beauty1 are ?us all sublime2 & !re is p]haps no desirable quality ( a "w ( art1 :i* 9 its p]fection is n1 9 "s way or degree1 sublime4 ,sec4 #b4 ,burke's !ory ( ! nature ( ! sublime incorrect1 & :y4 ,sec4 #c4 ,dang] is sublime1 b n ! fe> ( x4 ,sec4 #d4 ,! highe/ beauty is sublime4 ,sec4 #e4 ,& g5]ally :atev] elevates ! m9d4 ,i am fully prep>$ to all[ ( mu* +5uity 9 ,burke's !ory ( ! sublime1 z connect$ ) self-pres]vation4 ,!re are few ?+s s great z dea?2 & !re is p]haps no?+ :i* bani%es all littl5ess ( ?\ght & feel+ 9 an equal degree ) its contemplation4 ,ev]y?+1 !re=e1 :i* 9 any way po9ts to x1 &1 !re=e1 mo/ dang]s & p[]s ov] :i* we h little control1 are 9 "s degree sublime4 ,b x is n ! fe>1 obs]ve1 b ! contemplation ( dea?2 n ! in/9ctive %udd] & /ruggle ( self-pres]vation1 b ! delib]ate measurem5t ( ! doom1 :i* are really great or sublime 9 feel+4 ,x is n :ile we %r9k1 b :ile we defy1 t we receive or convey ! highe/ conceptions ( ! fate4 ,!re is no sublimity 9 ! agony ( t]ror4 ,:e!r d we trace x mo/ 9 ! cry to ! m\nta9s1 fall on u1 & to ! hills1 cov] u1 or 9 ! calmness ( ! prophecy--,& ?\gh aft] my sk9 worms de/roy ?is body1 yet 9 my fle% ,i %all see ,god8 ,a little reflection w easily conv9ce any "o1 t s f> f ! feel+s ( self-pres]vation be+ necess>y to ! sublime1 _! greate/ action is totally de/ructive ( x2 & t !re are few feel+s less capable ( its p]ception ?an ^? ( a c[>d4 ,b ! simple conception or idea ( greatness ( suff]+ or ext5t ( de/ruction is sublime1 :e!r !re be any connection ( t idea ) ourselves or n4 ,if we 7 plac$ beyond ! rea* ( all p]il or pa91 ! p]ception ( ^! ag5cies 9 _! influ5ce on o!rs w\ld n be less sublime1 n because p]il or pa9 are sublime 9 _! own nature1 b because _! contemplation1 excit+ compassion or =titude1 elevates ! m9d1 & r5d]s meanness ( ?\ght impossible4 ,beauty is n s (t5 felt to be sublime2 because1 9 _m k9ds ( purely mat]ial beauty !re is "s tru? 9 ,burke's ass]tion1 t littl5ess is "o ( its elem5ts4 ,b he :o has n felt t !re may be beauty )\t littl5ess1 & t su* beauty is a s\rce ( ! sublime1 is yet ignorant ( ! mean+ ( ! ideal 9 art4 ,i d n mean1 9 trac+ ! s\rce ( ! sublime to greatness1 to hamp] myself ) any f9e-spun !ory4 ,i take ! wide/ possible gr\nd ( inve/igation1 t sublimity is f\nd :]ev] any?+ elevates ! m9d2 t is1 :]ev] x contemplates any?+ above itself1 & p]ceives x to be s4 ,?is is ! simple philological signification ( ! ^w d]iv$ f sublimis2 & w s]ve u mu* m easily1 & be a f> cle>] & m evid5t gr\nd ( argum5t1 ?an any m]e metaphysical or m limit$ def9ition1 :ile ! pro( ( its ju/ness w be naturally develop$ by its application to ! diff]5t bran*es ( art4 ,sec4 #f4 ,! =m] division ( ! subject is !re=e suffici5t4 ,z1 !re=e1 ! sublime is n di/9ct f :at is beautiful1 nor f o!r s\rces ( pleasure 9 art1 b is only a p>ticul> mode & manife/ation ( !m1 my subject w divide itself into ! inve/igation ( ideas ( tru?1 beauty1 & relation2 & to ea* ( ^! classes ( ideas ,i de/9e a sep>ate "p ( ! "w4 ,! inve/igation ( ideas ( tru? w enable u to det]m9e ! relative rank ( arti/s z foll[]s & hi/orians ( nature4 ,t ( ideas ( beauty w lead u to comp>e !m 9 _! atta9m5t1 fir/ ( :at is agreeable 9 te*nical matt]s1 !n 9 color & composition1 f9ally & *iefly1 9 ! purity ( _! conceptions ( ! ideal4 ,& t ( ideas ( relation w lead u to comp>e !m z orig9ators ( j ?\ght4 ,,"p ,,ii4 ,,( ,,tru?4 ,,section ,i4 ,,g5]al ,,pr9ciples ,,respect+ ,,ideas ,,( ,,tru?4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,( ,,ideas ,,( ,,tru? ,,9 ,,_! ,,connection ,,) ,,^? ,,( ,,beauty ,,& ,,relation4 ,sec4 #a4 ,! two great ends ( l&scape pa9t+ are ! repres5tation ( facts & ?\ghts4 ,x _c b be evid5t f ! above division ( ! ideas conveyable by art1 t ! l&scape pa9t] mu/ always h two great & di/9ct ends2 ! fir/1 to induce 9 ! spectator's m9d ! fai?ful conception ( any natural objects :atsoev]2 ! second1 to guide ! spectator's m9d to ^? objects mo/ wor?y ( its contemplation1 & to in=m him ( ! ?\ghts & feel+s ) :i* ^! 7 reg>d$ by ! arti/ himself4 ,9 atta9+ ! fir/ end1 ! pa9t] only places ! spectator :]e he /&s himself2 he sets him be=e ! l&scape & leaves him4 ,! spectator is alone4 ,he may foll[ out 8 own ?\ghts z he w\ld 9 ! natural solitude1 or he may rema9 unt\*$1 unreflect+ & reg>dless1 z 8 disposition may incl9e him4 ,b he has no?+ ( ?\ght giv5 to him1 no new ideas1 no unkn[n feel+s1 =c$ on 8 att5tion or 8 he>t4 ,! arti/ is 8 conveyance1 n 8 companion1--8 horse1 n 8 fri5d4 ,b 9 atta9+ ! second end1 ! arti/ n only places ! spectator1 b talks to him2 makes him a %>] 9 8 own /rong feel+s & quick ?\ghts2 hurries him away 9 8 own en?usiasm2 guides him to all t is beautiful2 snat*es him f all t is base1 & leaves him m ?an delight$1--ennobl$ & in/ruct$1 "u ! s5se ( hav+ n only beheld a new sc5e1 b ( hav+ held communion ) a new m9d1 & hav+ be5 end[$ = a "t ) ! ke5 p]ception & ! impetu\s emotion ( a nobl] & m p5etrat+ intellig5ce4 ,sec4 #b4 ,!y induce a diff]5t *oice ( mat]ial subjects4 ,ea* ( ^! diff]5t aims ( art w necessitate a diff]5t sy/em ( *oice ( objects to be repres5t$4 ,! fir/ does n inde$ imply *oice at all1 b x is usually unit$ ) ! selection ( su* objects z may be naturally & con/antly pleas+ to all m51 at all times2 & ?is selection1 :5 p]fect & c>eful1 leads to ! atta9m5t ( ! pure ideal4 ,b ! arti/ aim+ at ! second end1 selects 8 objects = _! mean+ & "*1 r ?an = _! beauty2 & uses !m r to ?r[ light ^u ! p>ticul> ?\ght he wi%es to convey1 ?an z 9 !mselves objects ( unconnect$ admiration4 ,sec4 #c4 ,! fir/ mode ( selection apt to produce sam5ess & repetition4 ,n[1 al?\gh ! fir/ mode ( selection1 :5 guid$ by deep reflection1 may rise to ! production ( works possess+ a noble & ceaseless influ5ce on ! human m9d1 x is likely to deg5]ate into1 or r1 9 n9e cases out ( t51 x nev] goes beyond1 a m]e appeal to su* p>ts ( our animal nature z are con/ant & common--%>$ by all1 & p]petual 9 all2 su*1 = in/ance1 z ! pleasure ( ! eye 9 ! opposition ( a cold & w>m color1 or ( a massy =m ) a delicate "o4 ,x also t5ds to induce con/ant repetition ( ! same ideas1 & ref]5ce to ! same pr9ciples2 x gives rise to ^? rules ( art :i* prop]ly excit$ ,reynolds's indignation :5 appli$ to its high] ef=ts2 x is ! s\rce (1 & ! apology =1 t ho/ ( te*nicalities & absurdities :i* 9 all ages h be5 ! curse ( art & ! cr[n ( ! connoisseur4 ,sec4 #d4 ,! second necessitat+ v>iety4 ,b art1 9 its second & highe/ aim1 is n an appeal to con/ant animal feel+s1 b an expression & awak5+ ( individual ?\ght3 x is !re=e z v>i\s & z ext5d$ 9 its ef=ts z ! compass & grasp ( ! direct+ m9d2 & we feel1 9 ea* ( its results1 t we are look+1 n at a specim5 ( a tradesman's w>es1 ( :i* he is ready to make u a doz5 to mat*1 b at "o coruscation ( a p]petually active m9d1 l :i* !re has n be51 & w n be ano!r4 ,sec4 #e4 ,yet ! fir/ is delightful to all4 ,sec4 #f4 ,! second only to a few4 ,h5ce1 al?\gh !re c be no d\bt :i* ( ^! bran*es ( art is ! highe/1 x is equally evid5t t ! fir/ w be ! mo/ g5]ally felt & appreciat$4 ,= ! simple /atem5t ( ! tru?s ( nature mu/ 9 itself be pleas+ to e ord] ( m9d2 because e tru? ( nature is m or less beautiful2 & if !re be j & "r selection ( ! m important ( ^! tru?s--bas$1 z above expla9$1 on feel+s & desires common to all mank9d--! facts s select$ mu/1 9 "s degree1 be delightful to all1 & _! value appreciable by all3 m or less1 inde$1 z _! s5ses & in/9ct h be5 r5d]$ m or less acute & accurate by use & /udy2 b 9 "s degree by all1 & 9 ! same way by all4 ,b ! highe/ art1 be+ bas$ on s5sations ( peculi> m9ds1 s5sations occurr+ to !m only at p>ticul> times1 & to a plurality ( mank9d p]haps nev]1 & be+ expressive ( ?\ghts :i* c\ld only rise out ( a mass ( ! mo/ ext5d$ k1 & ( dispositions modifi$ 9 a ?\s& ways by peculi>ity ( intellect--c only be met & und]/ood by p]sons hav+ "s sort ( sympa?y ) ! high & solit>y m9ds :i* produc$ x--sympa?y only to be felt by m9ds 9 "s degree high & solit>y !mselves4 ,he alone c appreciate ! art1 :o c\ld compreh5d ! conv]sation ( ! pa9t]1 & %>e 9 8 emotion1 9 mom5ts ( 8 mo/ fi]y passion & mo/ orig9al ?\ght4 ,& :]eas ! true mean+ & end ( 8 art mu/ ?us be seal$ to ?\s&s1 or misund]/ood by !m2 s also1 z he is sometimes oblig$1 9 work+ out 8 own peculi> end1 to set at defiance ^? con/ant laws :i* h aris5 out ( our l[] & *angeless desires1 t ^: purpose is unse51 is frequ5tly 9 its means & p>ts displeas+4 ,sec4 #g4 ,! fir/ necess>y to ! second4 ,sec4 #h4 ,! exce$+ importance ( tru?4 ,b ?is want ( ext5d$ influ5ce 9 high art1 be x especially obs]v$1 proce$s f no want ( tru? 9 ! art itself1 b f a want ( sympa?y 9 ! spectator ) ^? feel+s 9 ! arti/ :i* prompt him to ! utt]ance ( "o tru? r ?an ( ano!r4 ,= 7& ?is is :at ,i wi% at pres5t especially to insi/ ^u7 al?\gh x is possible to rea* :at ,i h /at$ to be ! fir/ end ( art1 ! repres5tation ( facts1 )\t rea*+ ! second1 ! repres5tation ( ?\ghts1 yet x is altoge!r impossible to rea* ! second )\t hav+ previ\sly rea*$ ! fir/4 ,i d n say t a man _c ?9k1 hav+ false basis & mat]ial = ?\ght2 b t a false ?\ght is worse ?an ! want ( ?\ght1 & !re=e is n art4 ,& ?is is ! reason :y1 ?\gh ,i consid] ! second z ! real & only important end ( all art1 ,i call ! repres5tation ( facts ! fir/ end2 because x is necess>y to ! o!r1 & mu/ be atta9$ be=e x4 ,x is ! f\ndation ( all art2 l real f\ndations x may be little ?\ght ( :5 a brilliant fabric is rais$ on x2 b x mu/ be !re3 & z few build+s are beautiful unless e l9e & column ( _! mass h ref]5ce to _! f\ndation1 & are sugge/ive ( its exi/5ce & /r5g?1 s no?+ c be beautiful 9 art :i* does n 9 all its p>ts sugge/ & guide to ! f\ndation1 ev5 :]e no undecorat$ portion ( x is visible2 :ile ! noble/ edifices ( art are built ( su* pure & f9e cry/al t ! f\ndation may all be se5 ?r\gh !m2 & !n _m1 :ile !y d n see :at is built ^u t fir/ /ory1 yet mu* admire ! solidity ( its brickwork2 ?9k+ !y und]/& all t is to be und]/ood ( ! matt]2 :ile o!rs /& beside !m1 look+ n at ! l[ /ory1 b up into ! heav5 at t build+ ( cry/al 9 :i* ! build]'s _s is dwell+4 ,& ?us1 ?\gh we want ! ?\ghts & feel+s ( ! arti/ z well z ! tru?1 yet !y mu/ be ?\ghts aris+ out ( ! k ( tru?1 & feel+s rais+ out ( ! contemplation ( tru?4 ,we d n want 8 m9d to be z badly bl[n glass1 t di/orts :at we see ?r\gh x2 b l a glass ( sweet & /range color1 t gives new tones to :at we see ?r\gh x2 & a glass ( r>e /r5g? & cle>ness too1 to let u see m ?an we c\ld ourselves1 & br+ nature up to u & ne> to u4 ,no?+ c atone = ! want ( tru?1 n ! mo/ brilliant imag9ation1 ! mo/ playful fancy1 ! mo/ pure feel+1 7suppos+ t feel+ c\ld be pure & false at ! same "t27 n ! mo/ exalt$ conception1 nor ! mo/ compreh5sive grasp ( intellect1 c make am5ds = ! want ( tru?1 & t = two reasons2 fir/1 because falsehood is 9 itself revolt+ & degrad+2 & secondly1 because nature is s immeasurably sup]ior to all t ! human m9d c conceive1 t e dep>ture f h] is a fall b5ea? h]1 s t !re c be no su* ?+ z an ornam5tal falsehood4 ,all falsehood mu/ be a blot z well z a s91 an injury z well z a deception4 ,sec4 #i4 ,coldness or want ( beauty no sign ( tru?4 ,we %all1 9 consequ5ce1 f9d t no arti/ c be graceful1 imag9ative1 or orig9al1 unless he be tru?ful2 & t ! pursuit ( beauty1 in/ead ( lead+ u away f tru?1 increases ! desire = x & ! necessity ( x t5fold2 s t ^? arti/s :o are really great 9 imag9ative p[]1 w be f\nd to h bas$ _! boldness ( conception on a mass ( k f> exce$+ t possess$ by ^? :o pride !mselves on its accumulation )\t reg>d+ its use4 ,coldness & want ( passion 9 a picture1 are n signs ( ! accuracy1 b ( ! paucity ( its /atem5ts2 true vigor & brilliancy are n signs ( audacity1 b ( k4 ,sec4 #aj4 ,h[ tru? may be consid]$ a j crit]ion ( all art4 ,h5ce x foll[s t x is 9 ! p[] ( all1 ) c>e & "t1 to =m some?+ l a j judgm5t ( ! relative m]its ( arti/s2 = al?\gh ) respect to ! feel+ & passion ( pictures1 x is (t5 z impossible to criticise z to appreciate1 except to su* z are 9 "s degree equal 9 p[]s ( m9d1 & 9 "s respects ! same 9 modes ( m9d1 ) ^? ^: works !y judge2 yet1 ) respect to ! repres5tation ( facts1 x is possible = all1 by att5tion1 to =m a "r judgm5t ( ! respective p[]s & atta9m5ts ( e arti/4 ,tru? is a b> ( comp>ison at :i* !y may all be exam9$1 & accord+ to ! rank !y take 9 ?is exam9ation1 w almo/ inv>iably be t :i*1 if capable ( appreciat+ !m 9 e respect1 we %\ld be j 9 assign+ !m2 s /rict is ! connection1 s con/ant ! relation betwe5 ! sum ( k & ! ext5t ( ?\ght1 betwe5 accuracy ( p]ception & vividness ( idea4 ,i %all endeavor1 !re=e1 9 ! pres5t portion ( ! "w1 to ent] ) c>e & imp>tiality into ! inve/igation ( ! claims ( ! s*ools ( anci5t & mod]n l&scape to fai?fulness 9 repres5t+ nature4 ,i %all pay no reg>d :atsoev] to :at may be ?\ght beautiful1 or sublime1 or imag9ative4 ,i %all look only = tru?2 b>e1 cle>1 d[nright /atem5t ( facts2 %[+ 9 ea* p>ticul>1 z f> z ,i am able1 :at ! tru? ( nature is1 & !n seek+ = ! pla9 expression ( x1 & = t alone4 ,& ,i %all ?us endeavor1 totally reg>dless ( f]vor ( imag9ation or brilliancy ( effect1 or any o!r ( _! m captivat+ qualities1 to exam9e & to judge ! works ( ! great liv+ pa9t]1 :o is1 ,i believe1 imag9$ by ! majority ( ! public to pa9t m falsehood & less fact ?an any o!r kn[n ma/]4 ,we %all see ) :at reason4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,t ,,! ,,tru? ,,( ,,nature ,,is ,,n ,,to ,,be ,,disc]n$ ,,by ,,! ,,un$ucat$ ,,s5ses4 ,sec4 #a4 ,! common self-deception ( m5 ) respect to _! p[] ( disc]n+ tru?4 ,x may be "h inquir$ by ! read]1 ) mu* appe>ance ( reason1 :y ,i ?9k x necess>y to devote a sep>ate portion ( ! "w to ! %[+ ( :at is tru?ful 9 art4 ,_c we1 say ! public1 see :at nature is ) our own eyes1 & f9d out = ourselves :at is l h]8 ,x w be z well to det]m9e ?is "q be=e we g f>!r1 because if ?is 7 possible1 !re w\ld be little ne$ ( criticism or tea*+ ) respect to art4 ,n[ ,i h j said t x is possible = all m51 by c>e & att5tion1 to =m a j judgm5t ( ! fidelity ( arti/s to nature4 ,to d ?is1 no peculi> p[]s ( m9d are requir$1 no sympa?y ) p>ticul> feel+s1 no?+ :i* e man ( ord9>y intellect does n 9 "s degree possess1--p[]s1 namely1 ( obs]vation & intellig5ce1 :i* by cultivation may be br\ght to a high degree ( p]fection & acut5ess4 ,b until ?is cultivation has be5 be/[$1 & until ! in/rum5t !reby p]fect$ has be5 employ$ 9 a consi/5t s]ies ( c>eful obs]vation1 x is z absurd z x is audaci\s to pret5d to =m any judgm5t :atsoev] respect+ ! tru? ( art3 & my fir/ bus9ess1 be=e go+ a /ep f>!r1 mu/ be to combat ! ne>ly univ]sal error ( belief among ! ?\ghtless & unreflect+1 t !y "k ei!r :at nature is1 or :at is l h]1 t !y c discov] tru? by in/9ct1 & t _! m9ds are su* pure ,v5ice glass z to be %ock$ by all trea*]y4 ,i h to prove to !m t !re are m ?+s 9 heav5 & e>? ?an are dream$ ( 9 _! philosophy1 & t ! tru? ( nature is a "p ( ! tru? ( ,god2 to him :o does n se>* x out1 d>kness1 z x is to him :o does1 inf9ity4 ,sec4 #b4 ,m5 usually see little ( :at is be=e _! eyes4 ,! fir/ great mi/ake t p make 9 ! matt]1 is ! supposition t !y mu/ see a ?+ if x be be=e _! eyes4 ,!y =get ! great tru? told !m by ,locke1 ,book ii4 *ap4 #i1 ,sec4 #c3--,?is is c]ta91 t :atev] alt]ations are made 9 ! body1 if !y rea* n ! m9d1 :atev] impressions are made on ! outw>d p>ts1 if !y are n tak5 notice ( )91 !re is no p]ception4 ,fire may burn our bodies1 ) no o!r effect ?an x does a billet1 unless ! motion be cont9u$ to ! bra91 & !re ! s5se ( heat or idea ( pa9 be produc$ 9 ! m9d1 :]e9 consi/s actual p]ception4 ,h[ (t5 may a man obs]ve 9 himself1 t :ile 8 m9d is int5tly employ$ 9 ! contemplation ( "s subjects & curi\sly survey+ "s ideas t are !re1 x takes no notice ( impressions ( s\nd+ bodies1 made ^u ! organ ( he>+1 ) ! same att5tion t uses to be = ! produc+ ! ideas ( s\nd6 ,a suffici5t impulse !re may be on ! organ1 b x n rea*+ ! obs]vation ( ! m9d1 !re foll[s no p]ception1 & ?\gh ! motion t uses to produce ! idea ( s\nd be made 9 ! e>1 yet no s\nd is he>d4 ,& :at is "h said1 :i* all mu/ feel by _! own exp]i5ce to be true1 is m rem>kably & necess>ily ! case ) sight ?an ) any o!r ( ! s5ses1 = ?is reason1 t ! e> is n accu/om$ to ex]cise con/antly its functions ( he>+2 x is accu/om$ to /illness1 & ! occurr5ce ( a s\nd ( any k9d :atsoev] is apt to awake att5tion1 & be foll[$ ) p]ception1 9 proportion to ! degree ( s\nd2 b ! eye1 dur+ our wak+ h\rs1 ex]cises con/antly its function ( see+2 x is its con/ant habit2 we always1 z f> z ! bodily organ is conc]n$1 see some?+1 & we always see 9 ! same degree1 s t ! occurr5ce ( sight1 z su*1 to ! eye1 is only ! cont9uance ( its necess>y /ate ( action1 & awakes no att5tion :atsoev]1 except by ! p>ticul> nature & quality ( ! sight4 ,& ?us1 unless ! m9ds ( m5 are p>ticul>ly direct$ to ! impressions ( sight1 objects pass p]petually be=e ! eyes )\t convey+ any impression to ! bra9 at all2 & s pass actually unse51 n m]ely unnotic$1 b 9 ! full1 cle> s5se ( ! ^w1 unse54 ,& numb]s ( m5 be+ pre-occupi$ ) bus9ess or c>e ( "s description1 totally unconnect$ ) ! impressions ( sight1 su* is actually ! case ) !m1 !y receiv+ f nature only ! inevitable s5sations ( blu5ess1 r$ness1 d>kness1 light1 etc41 & except at p>ticul> & r>e mom5ts1 no m :atsoev]4 ,sec4 #c4 ,b m or less 9 proportion to _! natural s5sibility to :at is beautiful4 ,sec4 #d4 ,connect$ ) a p]fect /ate ( moral feel+4 ,! degree ( ignorance ( ext]nal nature 9 :i* m5 may ?us rema91 dep5ds1 !re=e1 p>tly on ! numb] & "* ( ! subjects ) :i* _! m9ds may be o!rwise occupi$1 & p>tly on a natural want ( s5sibility to ! p[] ( beauty ( =m1 & ! o!r attributes ( ext]nal objects4 ,i d n ?9k t !re is ev] su* absolute incapacity 9 ! eye = di/+ui%+ & receiv+ pleasure f c]ta9 =ms & colors1 z !re is 9 p]sons :o are te*nically said to h no e>1 = di/+ui%+ notes1 b !re is naturally e degree ( bluntness & acut5ess1 bo? = p]ceiv+ ! tru? ( =m1 & = receiv+ pleasure f x :5 p]ceiv$4 ,& al?\gh ,i believe ev5 ! l[e/ degree ( ^! faculties c be exp&$ almo/ unlimit$ly by cultivation1 ! pleasure receiv$ rew>ds n ! labor necess>y1 & ! pursuit is ab&on$4 ,s t :ile 9 ^? ^: s5sations are naturally acute & vivid1 ! call ( ext]nal nature is s /rong t x mu/ be obey$1 & is ev] he>d l\d] z ! approa* to h] is ne>]1--9 ^? ^: s5sations are naturally blunt1 ! call is ov]p[]$ at once by o!r ?\ghts1 & _! faculties ( p]ception1 weak orig9ally1 die ( disuse4 ,) ?is k9d ( bodily s5sibility to color & =m is intimately connect$ t high] s5sibility :i* we rev]e z "o ( ! *ief attributes ( all noble m9ds1 & z ! *ief spr+ ( real poetry4 ,i believe ?is k9d ( s5sibility may be entirely resolv$ into ! acut5ess ( bodily s5se ( :i* ,i h be5 speak+1 associat$ ) love1 love ,i mean 9 its inf9ite & holy functions1 z x embraces div9e & human & brutal intellig5ces1 & hall[s ! physical p]ception ( ext]nal objects by association1 gratitude1 v5]ation1 & o!r pure feel+s ( our moral nature4 ,& al?\gh ! discov]y ( tru? is 9 itself altoge!r intellectual1 & dep5d5t m]ely on our p[]s ( physical p]ception & ab/ract intellect1 :olly indep5d5t ( our moral nature1 yet ^! in/rum5ts 7p]ception & judgm5t7 are s %>p5$ & bright5$1 & s f> m swiftly & effectively us$1 :5 !y h ! en]gy & passion ( our moral nature to br+ !m into action--p]ception is s quick5$ by love1 & judgm5t s temp]$ by v5]ation1 t1 practically1 a man ( dead5$ moral s5sation is always dull 9 8 p]ception ( tru?1 & ?\s&s ( ! highe/ & mo/ div9e tru?s ( nature are :olly conceal$ f him1 h[ev] con/ant & indefatigable may be 8 intellectual se>*4 ,?us1 !n1 ! f>!r we look1 ! m we are limit$ 9 ! numb] ( ^? to :om we %\ld *oose to appeal z judges ( tru?1 & ! m we p]ceive h[ great a numb] ( mank9d may be p>tially incapacitat$ f ei!r discov]+ or feel+ x4 ,sec4 #e4 ,& ( ! intellectual p[]s4 ,sec4 #f4 ,h[ sight dep5ds ^u previ\s k4 ,next to s5sibility1 :i* is necess>y = ! p]ception ( facts1 come reflection & memory1 :i* are necess>y = ! ret5tion ( !m1 & recognition ( _! resemblances4 ,= a man may receive impression aft] impression1 & t vividly & ) delight1 & yet1 if he take no c>e to reason ^u ^? impressions & trace !m to _! s\rces1 he may rema9 totally ignorant ( ! facts t produc$ !m2 nay1 may attribute !m to facts ) :i* !y h no connection1 or may co9 causes = !m t h no exi/5ce at all4 ,& ! m s5sibility & imag9ation a man possesses1 ! m likely w he be to fall into error2 = !n he w see :atev] he expects1 & admire & judge ) 8 he>t1 & n ) 8 eyes4 ,h[ _m p are misl$1 by :at has be5 said & sung ( ! s]5ity ( ,italian skies1 to suppose !y mu/ be m blue ?an ! skies ( ! nor?1 & ?9k t !y see !m s2 :]eas1 ! sky ( ,italy is f> m dull & gray 9 color ?an ! skies ( ! nor?1 & is di/+ui%$ only by its int5se repose ( light4 ,& ?is is confirm$ by ,b5v5uto ,cell9i1 :o1 ,i rememb]1 on 8 fir/ ent]+ ,france1 is especially /ruck ) ! cle>ness ( ! sky1 z contra/$ ) ! mi/ ( ,italy4 ,& :at is m /range /ill1 :5 p see 9 a pa9t+ :at !y suppose to h be5 ! s\rce ( _! impressions1 !y w affirm x to be tru?ful1 ?\gh !y feel no su* impression result+ f x4 ,?us1 ?\gh day aft] day !y may h be5 impress$ by ! tone & w>m? ( an ,italian sky1 yet n hav+ trac$ ! feel+ to its s\rce1 & suppos+ !mselves impress$ by its blu5ess1 !y w affirm a blue sky 9 a pa9t+ to be tru?ful1 & reject ! mo/ fai?ful r5d]+ ( all ! real attributes ( ,italy z cold or dull4 ,& ?is influ5ce ( ! imag9ation ov] ! s5ses1 is peculi>ly obs]vable 9 ! p]petual disposition ( mank9d to suppose t !y see :at !y "k1 & vice v]sa 9 _! n see+ :at !y d n "k4 ,?us1 if a *ild be ask$ to draw ! corn] ( a h\se1 he w lay d[n some?+ 9 ! =m ( ! lett] ,t4 ,he has no conception t ! two l9es ( ! ro(1 :i* he kn[s to be level1 produce on 8 eye ! impression ( a slope4 ,x requires repeat$ & close att5tion be=e he detects ?is fact1 or c be made to feel t ! l9es on 8 pap] are false4 ,& ! ,*9ese1 *ildr5 9 all ?+s1 suppose a good p]spective draw+ to be z false z we feel _! plate patt]ns to be1 or wond] at ! /range build+s :i* come to a po9t at ! end4 ,& all ! e>ly works1 :e!r ( nations or ( m51 %[1 by _! want ( %ade1 h[ little ! eye1 )\t k1 is to be dep5d$ ^u to discov] tru?4 ,! eye ( a ,r$ ,indian1 ke5 en\gh to f9d ! trace ( 8 enemy or 8 prey1 ev5 9 ! unnatural turn ( a trodd5 leaf1 is yet s blunt to ! impressions ( %ade1 t ,mr4 ,catl9 m5tions 8 once hav+ be5 9 great dang] f hav+ pa9t$ a portrait ) ! face 9 half-light1 :i* ! untutor$ obs]v]s imag9$ & affirm$ to be ! pa9t+ ( half a face4 ,b>ry1 9 8 six? lecture1 takes notice ( ! same want ( actual sight 9 ! e>ly pa9t]s ( ,italy4 ,! imitations1 he says1 ( e>ly art are l ^? ( *ildr5--no?+ is se5 9 ! spectacle be=e u1 unless x be previ\sly kn[n & s\ght =2 & numb]less obs]vable diff]5ces betwe5 ! age ( ignorance & t ( k1 %[ h[ mu* ! contraction or ext5sion ( our sph]e ( vision dep5ds ^u o!r consid]ations ?an ! m]e returns ( our natural optics4 ,& ! deception :i* takes place s broadly 9 cases l ^!1 has inf9itely great] influ5ce ov] our judgm5t ( ! m intricate & less tangible tru?s ( nature4 ,we are con/antly suppos+ t we see :at exp]i5ce only has %[n u1 or c %[ u1 to h exi/5ce1 con/antly miss+ ! sight ( :at we d n "k be=eh& to be visible3 & pa9t]s1 to ! la/ h\r ( _! lives1 are apt to fall 9 "s degree into ! error ( pa9t+ :at exi/s1 r ?an :at !y c see4 ,i %all prove ! ext5t ( ?is error m completely h]eaft]4 ,sec4 #g4 ,! difficulty increas$ by ! v>iety ( tru?s 9 nature4 ,be x also obs]v$1 t all ^! difficulties w\ld lie 9 ! way1 ev5 if ! tru?s ( nature 7 always ! same1 con/antly repeat$ & br\ght be=e u4 ,b ! tru?s ( nature are "o et]nal *ange--"o inf9ite v>iety4 ,!re is no bu% on ! face ( ! globe exactly l ano!r bu%2--!re are no two trees 9 ! =e/ ^: b\ghs b5d into ! same network1 nor two leaves on ! same tree :i* c\ld n be told "o f ! o!r1 nor two waves 9 ! sea exactly alike4 ,& out ( ?is mass ( v>i\s1 yet agree+ beauty1 x is by long att5tion only t ! conception ( ! con/ant "*--! ideal =m--h9t$ at by all1 yet assum$ by none1 is fix$ ^u ! imag9ation = its /&>d ( tru?4 ,x is n s+ul>1 !re=e1 nor 9 any way disgraceful1 t ! majority ( spectators are totally incapable ( appreciat+ ! tru? ( nature1 :5 fully set be=e !m2 b x is bo? s+ul> & disgraceful t x is s difficult to conv9ce !m ( _! own incapability4 ,ask ! connoisseur1 :o has scamp]$ ov] all ,europe1 ! %ape ( ! leaf ( an elm1 & ! *ances are n9ety to "o t he _c tell y2 & yet he w be voluble ( criticism on e pa9t$ l&scape f ,dresd5 to ,madrid1 & pret5d to tell y :e!r !y are l nature or n4 ,ask an en?usia/ic *att]] 9 ! ,si/9e ,*apel h[ _m ribs he has1 & y get no answ]2 b x is odds t y d n get out ( ! door )\t 8 in=m+ y t he consid]s su* & su* a figure badly drawn6 ,sec4 #h4 ,we recognize objects by _! lea/ important attributes4 ,comp>e ,"p ,i41 ,sect4 ,i41 ,*ap4 #d4 ,a few su* int]rogations z ^! might inde$ convict1 if n conv9ce ! mass ( spectators ( incapability1 7 x n = ! univ]sal reply1 t !y c recognize :at !y _c describe1 & feel :at is tru?ful1 ?\gh !y d n "k :at is tru?4 ,& ?is is1 to a c]ta9 degree1 true3 a man may recognize ! portrait ( 8 fri5d1 ?\gh he _c1 if y ask him ap>t1 tell y ! %ape ( 8 nose or ! height ( 8 =ehead2 & e "o c\ld tell nature h]self f an imitation2 :y n !n1 x w be ask$1 :at is l h] f :at is n8 ,= ?is simple reason1 t we con/antly recognize ?+s by _! lea/ important attributes1 & by help ( v few ( ^?1 & if ^! attributes exi/ n 9 ! imitation1 ?\gh !re may be ?\s&s ( o!rs f> high] & m valuable1 yet if ^? be want+1 or imp]fectly r5d]$1 by :i* we are accu/om$ to recognize ! object1 we d5y ! lik5ess2 :ile if ^! be giv51 ?\gh all ! great & valuable & important attributes may be want+1 we affirm ! lik5ess4 ,recognition is no pro( ( real & intr9sic resemblance4 ,we recognize our books by _! b9d+s1 ?\gh ! true & ess5tial *>act]i/ics lie inside4 ,a man is kn[n to 8 dog by ! smell--to 8 tailor by ! coat--to 8 fri5d by ! smile3 ea* ( ^! "k him1 b h[ little1 or h[ mu*1 dep5ds on ! dignity ( ! intellig5ce4 ,t :i* is truly & inde$ *>act]i/ic ( ! man1 is kn[n only to ,god4 ,"o portrait ( a man may possess exact accuracy ( feature1 & no atom ( expression2 x may be1 to use ! ord9>y t]ms ( admiration be/[$ on su* portraits by ^? :om !y please1 z l z x c />e4 ,ev]ybody1 d[n to 8 cat1 w\ld "k ?is4 ,ano!r portrait may h neglect$ or misrepres5t$ ! features1 b may h giv5 ! fla% ( ! eye1 & ! peculi> radiance ( ! lip1 se5 on him only 9 8 h\rs ( highe/ m5tal excitem5t4 ,none b 8 fri5ds w\ld "k ?is4 ,ano!r may h giv5 none ( 8 ord9>y expressions1 b "o :i* he wore 9 ! mo/ excit$ in/ant ( 8 life1 :5 all 8 secret passions & all 8 highe/ p[]s 7 br\ght into play at once4 ,none b ^? :o _h !n se5 him might recognize ?is z l4 ,b :i* w\ld be ! mo/ tru?ful portrait ( ! man8 ,! fir/ gives ! accid5ts ( body--! sport ( climate1 & food1 & "t--:i* corruption inhabits1 & ! worm waits =4 ,! second gives ! /amp ( ! s\l ^u ! fle%2 b x is ! s\l se5 9 ! emotions :i* x %>es ) _m--:i* may n be *>act]i/ic ( its ess5ce--! results ( habit1 & education1 & accid5t--a gloze1 :e!r purposely worn or unconsci\sly assum$1 p]haps totally contr>y to all t is root$ & real 9 ! m9d t x conceals4 ,! ?ird has caught ! trace ( all t 0 mo/ hidd5 & mo/ mighty1 :5 all hypocrisy1 & all habit1 & all petty & pass+ emotion--! ice1 & ! bank1 & ! foam ( ! immortal riv]--7 %iv]$1 & brok51 & swall[$ up 9 ! awak5+ ( its inw>d /r5g?2 :5 ! call & claim ( "s div9e motive _h br\ght into visible be+ ^? lat5t =ces & feel+s :i* ! _s's own volition c\ld n summon1 nor its consci\sness compreh5d2 :i* ,god only knew1 & ,god only c\ld awak51 ! dep? & ! my/]y ( its peculi> & sep>at+ attributes4 ,& s x is ) ext]nal ,nature3 %e has a body & a s\l l man2 b h] s\l is ! ,deity4 ,x is possible to repres5t ! body )\t ! _s2 & ?is %all be l to ^? ^: s5ses are only cognizant ( body4 ,x is possible to repres5t ! _s 9 its ord9>y & inf]ior manife/ations2 & ?is %all be l to ^? :o h n wat*$ = its mom5ts ( p[]4 ,x is possible to repres5t ! _s 9 its secret & high op]ations2 & ?is %all be l only to ^? to ^: wat*+ !y h be5 reveal$4 ,all ^! are tru?2 b accord+ to ! dignity ( ! tru?s he c repres5t or feel1 is ! p[] ( ! pa9t]1--! ju/ice ( ! judge4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,( ,,! ,,relative ,,importance ,,( ,,tru?s3--,,fir/1 ,,t ,,p>ticul> ,,tru?s ,,are ,,m ,,important ,,?an ,,g5]al ,,ones4 ,sec4 #a4 ,necessity ( det]m9+ ! relative importance ( tru?s4 ,i h 9 ! la/ *apt] affirm$ t we usually recognize objects by _! lea/ ess5tial *>act]i/ics4 ,?is v naturally excites ! inquiry :at ,i consid] _! important *>act]i/ics1 & :y ,i call "o tru? m important ?an ano!r4 ,& ?is "q mu/ be imm$iately det]m9$1 because x is evid5t1 t 9 judg+ ( ! tru? ( pa9t]s1 we %all h to consid] n only ! accuracy ) :i* individual tru?s are giv51 b ! relative importance ( ! tru?s !mselves2 = z x con/antly happ5s t ! p[]s ( art are unable to r5d] all tru?s1 t arti/ mu/ be consid]$ ! mo/ tru?ful :o has pres]v$ ! mo/ important at ! exp5se ( ! mo/ trifl+4 ,sec4 #b4 ,misapplication ( ! aphorism3 ,g5]al tru?s are m important ?an p>ticul> ones4 ,sec4 #c4 ,fals5ess ( ?is maxim tak5 )\t explanation4 ,sec4 #d4 ,g5]ality important 9 ! subject1 p>ticul>ity 9 ! pr$icate4 ,n[ if we are to beg9 our inve/igation 9 ,ari/otle's way1 & look at ! ,greek3 pha9om5a ( ! subject1 we %all imm$iately /umble ov] a maxim :i* is 9 ev]ybody's m\?1 & :i*1 z x is und]/ood 9 practice1 is true & useful1 z x is usually appli$ 9 argum5t1 false & mislead+4 ,g5]al tru?s are m important ?an p>ticul> ones4 ,(t51 :5 9 conv]sation1 ,i h be5 prais+ ,turn] = 8 p]petual v>iety1 & = giv+ s p>ticul> & sep>ate a "* to ea* ( 8 compositions1 t ! m9d ( ! pa9t] c only be e/imat$ by see+ all t he has ev] done1 & t no?+ c be prophesi$ ( a picture com+ into exi/5ce on 8 easel1 b t x w be totally diff]5t 9 idea f all t he has ev] done be=e2 & :5 ,i h oppos$ ?is inexhau/ible k or imag9ation1 :i*ev] x may be1 to ! p]petual repetition ( "s half-doz5 conceptions by ,claude & ,p\ss91 ,i h be5 met by ! =midable objection1 enunciat$ ) mu* dignity & self-satisfaction on ! "p ( my antagoni/--,t is n pa9t+ g5]al tru?s1 t is pa9t+ p>ticul> tru?s4 ,n[ !re mu/ be some?+ wrong 9 t application ( a pr9ciple :i* w\ld make ! v>iety & abundance :i* we look = z ! greate/ sign ( intellect 9 ! writ]1 ! greate/ sign ( error 9 ! pa9t]2 & we %all accord+ly see1 by an application ( x to o!r matt]s1 t1 tak5 )\t limitation1 ! :ole proposition is utt]ly false4 ,= in/ance1 ,mrs4 ,jameson some:]e m5tions ! exclamation ( a lady ( h] acqua9tance1 m desir\s to fill a pause 9 conv]sation ?an abundant 9 s\rces ( obs]vation3 ,:at an excell5t book ! ,bible is6 ,?is 0 a v g5]al tru? inde$1 a tru? pr$icable ( ! ,bible 9 common ) _m o!r books1 b x c]ta9ly is nei!r /rik+ nor important4 ,_h ! lady exclaim$--,h[ evid5tly is ! ,bible a div9e revelation6 %e w\ld h express$ a p>ticul> tru?1 "o pr$icable ( ! ,bible only2 b c]ta9ly f> m int]e/+ & important4 ,_h %e1 on ! contr>y1 in=m$ u t ! ,bible 0 a book1 %e w\ld h be5 /ill m g5]al1 & /ill less ent]ta9+4 ,if ,i ask any "o :o somebody else is1 & receive = answ] t he is a man1 ,i get little satisfaction = my pa9s2 b if ,i am told t he is ,sir ,isaac ,newton1 ,i imm$iately ?ank my neighbor = 8 in=mation4 ,! fact is1 & ! above in/ances may s]ve at once to prove x if x be n self-evid5t1 t g5]ality gives importance to ! subject1 & limitation or p>ticul>ity to ! pr$icate4 ,if ,i say t su* & su* a man 9 ,*9a is an opium-eat]1 ,i say no?+ v int]e/+1 because my subject 7su* a man7 is p>ticul>4 ,if ,i say t all m5 9 ,*9a are opium-eat]s1 ,i say some?+ int]e/+1 because my subject 7all m57 is g5]al4 ,if ,i say t all m5 9 ,*9a eat1 ,i say no?+ int]e/+1 because my pr$icate 7eat7 is g5]al4 ,if ,i say t all m5 9 ,*9a eat opium1 ,i say some?+ int]e/+1 because my pr$icate 7eat opium7 is p>ticul>4 ,n[ almo/ ev]y?+ :i* 7) ref]5ce to a giv5 subject7 a pa9t] has to ask himself :e!r he %all repres5t or n1 is a pr$icate4 ,h5ce 9 art1 p>ticul> tru?s are usually m important ?an g5]al ones4 ,h[ is x !n t any?+ s pla9 z ?is %\ld be contradict$ by "o ( ! mo/ univ]sally receiv$ aphorisms respect+ art8 ,a little reflection w %[ u "u :at limitations ?is maxim may be true 9 practice4 ,sec4 #e4 ,! importance ( tru?s ( species is n ow+ to _! g5]ality4 ,sec4 #f4 ,all tru?s valuable z !y are *>act]i/ic4 ,x is self-evid5t t :5 we are pa9t+ or describ+ any?+1 ^? tru?s mu/ be ! mo/ important :i* are mo/ *>act]i/ic ( :at is to be told or repres5t$4 ,n[ t :i* is fir/ & mo/ broadly *>act]i/ic ( a ?+1 is t :i* di/+ui%es its g5us1 or :i* makes x :at x is4 ,= in/ance1 t :i* makes drap]y be drap]y1 is n its be+ made ( silk or wor/$ or flax1 = ?+s are made ( all ^! :i* are n drap]y1 b ! ideas peculi> to drap]y2 ! prop]ties :i*1 :5 inh]5t 9 a ?+1 make x drap]y1 are ext5sion1 non-ela/ic flexibility1 unity & comp>ative ?9ness4 ,ev]y?+ :i* has ^! prop]ties1 a wat]fall1 = in/ance1 if unit$ & ext5d$1 or a net ( we$s ov] a wall1 is drap]y1 z mu* z silk or wooll5 /uff is4 ,s t ^! ideas sep>ate drap]y 9 our m9ds f ev]y?+ else2 !y are peculi>ly *>act]i/ic ( x1 & !re=e are ! mo/ important gr\p ( ideas connect$ ) x2 & s ) ev]y?+ else1 t :i* makes ! ?+ :at x is1 is ! mo/ important idea1 or gr\p ( ideas connect$ ) ! ?+4 ,b z ?is idea mu/ necess>ily be common to all individuals ( ! species x belongs to1 x is a g5]al idea ) respect to t species2 :ile o!r ideas1 :i* are n *>act]i/ic ( ! species1 & are !re=e 9 reality g5]al1 7z black or :ite are t]ms applicable to m ?+s ?an drap]y17 are yet p>ticul> ) respect to t species1 be+ pr$icable only ( c]ta9 individuals ( x4 ,h5ce x is c>elessly & falsely said1 t g5]al ideas are m important ?an p>ticul> ones2 c>elessly & falsely1 ,i say1 because ! s-call$ g5]al idea is important1 n because x is common to all ! individuals ( t species1 b because x sep>ates t species f ev]y?+ else4 ,x is ! di/9ctiv5ess1 n ! univ]sality ( ! tru?1 :i* r5d]s x important4 ,& ! s-call$ p>ticul> idea is unimportant1 n because x is n pr$icable ( ! :ole species1 b because x is pr$icable ( ?+s out ( t species4 ,x is n its individuality1 b its g5]ality :i* r5d]s x unimportant4 ,s1 !n1 tru?s are important j 9 proportion z !y are *>act]i/ic1 & are valuable1 prim>ily1 z !y sep>ate ! species f all o!r creat$ ?+s second>ily1 z !y sep>ate ! individuals ( t species f "o ano!r3 ?us silk5 or wooll5 are unimportant ideas ) respect to drap]y1 because !y nei!r sep>ate ! species f o!r ?+s1 nor ev5 ! individuals ( t species f "o ano!r1 s9ce1 ?\gh n common to ! :ole ( x1 !y are common to indef9ite numb]s ( x2 b ! p>ticul> folds into :i* any piece ( drap]y may happ5 to fall1 be+ diff]5t 9 _m p>ticul>s f ^? into :i* any o!r piece ( drap]y w fall1 are expressive n only ( ! *>act]s ( ! species1 flexibility1 7non-ela/icity1 etc417 b ( individuality & def9ite "* 9 ! case imm$iately obs]v$1 & are consequ5tly mo/ important & necess>y ideas4 ,s 9 a man1 to be %ort-legg$ or long-nos$ or any?+ else ( accid5tal quality1 does n di/+ui% him f o!r %ort-legg$ or long-nos$ animals2 b ! important tru?s respect+ a man are1 fir/1 ! m>k$ developm5t ( t di/9ctive organization :i* sep>ates him z man f o!r animals1 & secondly1 t gr\p ( qualities :i* di/+ui% ! individual f all o!r m51 :i* make him ,paul or ,judas1 ,newton or ,%akspe>e4 ,sec4 #g4 ,o!rwise tru?s ( species are valuable because beautiful4 ,su* are ! real s\rces ( importance 9 tru?s z f> z !y are consid]$ ) ref]5ce m]ely to _! be+ g5]al1 or p>ticul>2 b !re are o!r s\rces ( importance :i* give f>!r weight to ! ord9>y op9ion ( ! great] value ( ^? :i* are g5]al1 & :i* r5d] ?is op9ion "r 9 practice2 ,i mean ! intr9sic beauty ( ! tru?s !mselves1 a quality :i* x is n "h ! place to inve/igate1 b :i* mu/ j be notic$1 z inv>iably add+ value to tru?s ( species r ?an to ^? ( individuality4 ,! qualities & prop]ties :i* *>act]ize man or any o!r animal z a species1 are ! p]fection ( 8 or its =m ( m9d1 almo/ all individual diff]5ces aris+ f imp]fections2 h5ce a tru? ( species is ! m valuable to art1 because x mu/ always be a beauty1 :ile a tru? ( individuals is commonly1 9 "s sort or way1 a defect4 ,sec4 #h4 ,& _m tru?s1 valuable if sep>ate1 may be objectionable 9 connection ) o!rs4 ,aga91 a tru? :i* may be ( great int]e/1 :5 an object is view$ by itself1 may be objectionable :5 x is view$ 9 relation to o!r objects4 ,?us if we 7 pa9t+ a piece ( drap]y z our :ole subject1 x w\ld be prop] to give 9 x e s\rce ( ent]ta9m5t1 :i* p>ticul> tru?s c\ld supply1 to give x v>i$ color & delicate texture2 b if we pa9t ?is same piece ( drap]y1 z "p ( ! dress ( a ,madonna1 all ^! ideas ( ri*ness or texture become ?or\ghly contemptible1 & unfit to occupy ! m9d at ! same mom5t ) ! idea ( ! ,virg94 ,! conception ( drap]y is !n to be sugge/$ by ! simple/ & slighte/ means possible1 & all notions ( texture & detail are to be reject$ ) utt] reprobation2 b ?is1 obs]ve1 is n because !y are p>ticul> or g5]al or any?+ else1 ) respect to ! drap]y itself1 b because !y draw ! att5tion to ! dress in/ead ( ! sa9t1 & di/urb & degrade ! imag9ation & ! feel+s2 h5ce we ought to give ! conception ( ! drap]y 9 ! mo/ unobtrusive way possible1 by r5d]+ ^? ess5tial qualities di/9ctly1 :i* are necess>y to ! v exi/5ce ( drap]y1 & n "o m4 ,) ^! la/ two s\rces ( ! importance ( tru?s1 we h no?+ to d at pres5t1 z !y are dep5d5t ^u ideas ( beauty & relation3 ,i m]ely allude to !m n[1 to %[ t all t is alleg$ by ,sir ,j4 ,reynolds & o!r sci5tific writ]s respect+ ! k9d ( tru?s prop] to be repres5t$ by ! pa9t] or sculptor is p]fectly j & "r2 :ile yet ! pr9ciple on :i* !y base _! selection 7t g5]al tru?s are m important ?an p>ticul> ones7 is altoge!r false4 ,canova's ,p]seus 9 ! ,vatican is entirely spoil$ by an unlucky tassel 9 ! folds ( ! mantle 7:i* ! next admir] ( ,canova :o passes w\ld d well to knock (f27 b x is spoil$ n because ?is is a p>ticul> tru?1 b because x is a contemptible1 unnecess>y1 & ugly tru?4 ,! button :i* fa/5s ! ve/ ( ! ,si/9e ,daniel is z mu* a p>ticul> tru? z ?is1 b x is a necess>y "o1 & ! idea ( x is giv5 by ! simple/ possible means2 h5ce x is "r & beautiful4 ,sec4 #i4 ,recapitulation4 ,f9ally1 !n1 x is to be rememb]$ t all tru?s z f> z _! be+ p>ticul> or g5]al affects _! value at all1 are valuable 9 proportion z !y are p>ticul>1 & valueless 9 proportion z !y are g5]al2 or to express ! proposition 9 simpl] t]ms1 e tru? is valuable 9 proportion z x is *>act]i/ic ( ! ?+ ( :i* x is affirm$4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,( ,,! ,,relative ,,importance ,,( ,,tru?s3--,,secondly1 ,,t ,,r>e ,,tru?s ,,are ,,m ,,important ,,?an ,,frequ5t ,,ones4 ,sec4 #a4 ,no accid5tal violation ( nature's pr9ciples %\ld be repres5t$4 ,x w be necess>y next = u to det]m9e h[ f> frequ5cy or r>ity c affect ! importance ( tru?s1 & :e!r ! arti/ is to be consid]$ ! mo/ tru?ful :o pa9ts :at is common or :at is unusual 9 nature4 ,n[ ! :ole det]m9ation ( ?is "q dep5ds ^u :e!r ! unusual fact be a violation ( nature's g5]al pr9ciples1 or ! application ( "s ( ^? pr9ciples 9 a peculi> & /rik+ way4 ,nature sometimes1 ?\gh v r>ely1 violates h] own pr9ciples2 x is h] pr9ciple to make ev]y?+ beautiful1 b n[ & !n1 = an in/ant1 %e p]mits :at1 comp>$ ) ! re/ ( h] works1 might be call$ ugly2 x is true t ev5 ^! r>e blemi%es are p]mitt$1 z ,i h above said1 = a good purpose1 7,"p ,i4 ,sec4 ,i4 ,*ap4 #e17 !y are valuable 9 nature1 & us$ z %e uses !m1 are equally valuable 7z in/antane\s discords7 9 art2 b ! arti/ :o %\ld seek aft] ^! exclusively1 & pa9t no?+ else1 ?\gh he might be able to po9t to some?+ 9 nature z ! orig9al ( e "o ( 8 ugl9esses1 w\ld yet be1 9 ! /rict s5se ( ! ^w1 false1--false to nature1 & disob$i5t to h] laws4 ,= in/ance1 x is ! practice ( nature to give "* to ! outl9es ( h] cl\ds1 by p]petual angles & "r l9es4 ,p]haps once 9 a mon?1 by dilig5t wat*+1 we might be able to see a cl\d altoge!r r\nd$ & made up ( curves2 b ! arti/ :o pa9ts no?+ b curv$ cl\ds mu/ yet be consid]$ ?or\ghly & inexcusably false4 ,sec4 #b4 ,b ! cases 9 :i* ^? pr9ciples h be5 /rik+ly exemplifi$4 ,sec4 #c4 ,:i* are comp>atively r>e4 ,sec4 #d4 ,all repetition is blamable4 ,sec4 #e4 ,! duty ( ! pa9t] is ! same z t ( a prea*]4 ,b ! case is widely diff]5t1 :5 in/ead ( a pr9ciple violat$1 we h "o extraord9>ily c>ri$ out or manife/$ "u unusual circum/ances4 ,?\gh nature is con/antly beautiful1 %e does n exhibit h] highe/ p[]s ( beauty con/antly1 = !n !y w\ld satiate u & pall ^u our s5ses4 ,x is necess>y to _! appreciation t !y %\ld be r>ely %[n4 ,h] f9e/ t\*es are ?+s :i* mu/ be wat*$ =2 h] mo/ p]fect passages ( beauty are ! mo/ evanesc5t4 ,%e is con/antly do+ some?+ beautiful = u1 b x is some?+ :i* %e has n done be=e & w n d aga92 "s exhibition ( h] g5]al p[]s 9 p>ticul> circum/ances :i*1 if we d n cat* at ! in/ant x is pass+1 w n be repeat$ = u4 ,n[ !y are ^! evanesc5t passages ( p]fect$ beauty1 ^! p]petually v>i$ examples ( utmo/ p[]1 :i* ! arti/ ought to seek = & arre/4 ,no supposition c be m absurd ?an t effects or tru?s frequ5tly exhibit$ are m *>act]i/ic ( nature ?an ^? :i* are equally necess>y by h] laws1 ?\gh r>] 9 occurr5ce4 ,bo? ! frequ5t & ! r>e are p>ts ( ! same great sy/em2 to give ei!r exclusively is imp]fect tru?1 & to repeat ! same effect or ?\ght 9 two pictures is wa/$ life4 ,:at %\ld we ?9k ( a poet :o %\ld keep all 8 life repeat+ ! same ?\ght 9 diff]5t words8 & :y %\ld we be m l5i5t to ! p>rot-pa9t] :o has le>n$ "o lesson f ! page ( nature1 & keeps /amm]+ x out ) et]nal repetition )\t turn+ ! leaf8 ,is x less tautology to describe a ?+ ov] & ov] aga9 ) l9es1 ?an x is ) words8 ,! tea*+ ( nature is z v>i$ & inf9ite z x is con/ant2 & ! duty ( ! pa9t] is to wat* = e "o ( h] lessons1 & to give 7= human life w admit ( no?+ m7 ^? 9 :i* %e has manife/$ ea* ( h] pr9ciples 9 ! mo/ peculi> & /rik+ way4 ,! deep] 8 rese>* & ! r>] ! ph5om5a he has not$1 ! m valuable w 8 works be2 to repeat himself1 ev5 9 a s+le in/ance1 is trea*]y to nature1 = a ?\s& human lives w\ld n be en\gh to give "o in/ance ( ! p]fect manife/ation ( ea* ( h] p[]s2 & z = comb9+ or classify+ !m1 z well might a prea*] expect 9 "o s]mon to express & expla9 e div9e tru? :i* c be ga!r$ out ( ,god's revelation1 z a pa9t] expect 9 "o composition to express & illu/rate e lesson :i* c be receiv$ f ,god's creation4 ,bo? are comm5tators on inf9ity1 & ! duty ( bo? is to take = ea* disc\rse "o ess5tial tru?1 seek+ p>ticul>ly & insi/+ especially on ^? :i* are less palpable to ord9>y obs]vation1 & m likely to escape an indol5t rese>*2 & to impress t1 & t alone1 ^u ^? :om !y address1 ) e illu/ration t c be furni%$ by _! k1 & e adornm5t atta9able by _! p[]4 ,& ! real tru?fulness ( ! pa9t] is 9 proportion to ! numb] & v>iety ( ! facts he has s illu/rat$2 ^? facts be+ always1 z above obs]v$1 ! realization1 n ! violation ( a g5]al pr9ciple4 ,! quantity ( tru? is 9 proportion to ! numb] ( su* facts1 & its value & in/ructiv5ess 9 proportion to _! r>ity4 ,all really great pictures1 !re=e1 exhibit ! g5]al habits ( nature1 manife/$ 9 "s peculi>1 r>e1 & beautiful way4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,( ,,! ,,relative ,,importance ,,( ,,tru?s3--,,?irdly1 ,,t ,,tru?s ,,( ,,color ,,are ,,! ,,lea/ ,,important ,,( ,,all ,,tru?s4 ,sec4 #a4 ,diff]5ce betwe5 prim>y & second>y qualities 9 bodies4 ,9 ! two la/ *apt]s1 we h po9t$ out g5]al te/s ( ! importance ( all tru?s1 :i* w be suffici5t at once to di/+ui% c]ta9 classes ( prop]ties 9 bodies1 z m necess>y to be told ?an o!rs1 because m *>act]i/ic1 ei!r ( ! p>ticul> ?+ to be repres5t$1 or ( ! pr9ciples ( nature4 ,accord+ to ,locke1 ,book ii4 *ap4 #h1 !re are ?ree sorts ( qualities 9 bodies3 fir/1 ! bulk1 figure1 numb]1 situation1 & motion or re/ ( _! solid p>ts3 ^? t are 9 !m1 :e!r we p]ceive !m or n4 ,^! he calls prim>y qualities4 ,secondly1 ! p[] t is 9 any body to op]ate aft] a peculi> mann] on any ( our s5ses1 7s5sible qualities47 ,& ?irdly1 ! p[] t is 9 any body to make su* a *ange 9 ano!r body z t x %all op]ate on our s5ses diff]5tly f :at x did be=e3 ^! la/ be+ usually call$ p[]s4 ,sec4 #b4 ,! fir/ are fully *>act]i/ic1 ! second imp]fectly s4 ,h5ce he proce$s to prove t ^? :i* he calls prim>y qualities are inde$ "p ( ! ess5ce ( ! body1 & *>act]i/ic ( x2 b t ! two o!r k9ds ( qualities :i* toge!r he calls second>y1 are nei!r ( !m m ?an p[]s ( produc+ on o!r objects1 or 9 u1 c]ta9 effects & s5sations4 ,n[ a p[] ( influ5ce is always equally *>act]i/ic ( two objects--! active & passive2 = x is z mu* necess>y t !re %\ld be a p[] 9 ! object suff]+ to receive ! impression1 z 9 ! object act+ to give ! impression4 7,comp>e ,locke1 ,book ii4 *ap4 #ba1 sect4 #b47 ,= suppos+ two p1 z is frequ5tly ! case1 p]ceive diff]5t sc5ts 9 ! same fl[]1 x is evid5t t ! p[] 9 ! fl[] to give ?is or t dep5ds on ! nature ( _! n]ves1 z well z on t ( its own p>ticles2 & t we are z correct 9 say+ x is a p[] 9 u to p]ceive1 z 9 ! object to impress4 ,e p[]1 !re=e1 be+ *>act]i/ic ( ! nature ( two bodies1 is imp]fectly & incompletely *>act]i/ic ( ei!r sep>ately2 b ! prim>y qualities1 be+ *>act]i/ic only ( ! body 9 :i* !y are inh]5t1 are ! mo/ important tru?s connect$ ) x4 ,= ! "q1 :at ! ?+ is1 mu/ prec$e1 & be ( m importance ?an ! "q1 :at c x d4 ,sec4 #c4 ,color is a second>y quality1 !re=e less important ?an =m4 ,n[ by ,locke's def9ition above giv51 only bulk1 figure1 situation1 & motion or re/ ( solid p>ts1 are prim>y qualities4 ,h5ce all tru?s ( color s9k at once into ! second rank4 ,he1 !re=e1 :o has neglect$ a tru? ( =m = a tru? ( color1 has neglect$ a great] tru? = a less "o4 ,sec4 #d4 ,color no di/9ction betwe5 objects ( ! same species4 ,& t color is inde$ a mo/ unimportant *>act]i/ic ( objects1 w be f>!r evid5t on ! slighte/ consid]ation4 ,! color ( plants is con/antly *ang+ ) ! season1 & ( ev]y?+ ) ! quality ( light fall+ on x2 b ! nature & ess5ce ( ! ?+ are indep5d5t ( ^! *anges4 ,an oak is an oak1 :e!r gre5 ) spr+ or r$ ) w9t]2 a dahlia is a dahlia1 :e!r x be yell[ or crimson2 & if "s mon/]-hunt+ botani/ %\ld ev] fright5 ! fl[] blue1 /ill x w be a dahlia2 b let "o curve ( ! petals--"o groove ( ! /am5s be want+1 & ! fl[] ceases to be ! same4 ,let ! r\ghness ( ! b>k & ! angles ( ! b\ghs be smoo!d or dim9i%$1 & ! oak ceases to be an oak2 b let x reta9 its inw>d /ructure & outw>d =m1 & ?\gh its leaves grew :ite1 or p9k1 or blue1 or tri-color1 x w\ld be a :ite oak1 or a p9k oak1 or a republican oak1 b an oak /ill4 ,aga91 color is h>dly ev] ev5 a possible di/9ction betwe5 two objects ( ! same species4 ,two trees1 ( ! same k9d1 at ! same season1 & ( ! same age1 are ( absolutely ! same color2 b !y are n ( ! same =m1 nor any?+ l x4 ,!re c be no diff]5ce 9 ! color ( two pieces ( rock brok5 f ! same place2 b x is impossible !y %\ld be ( ! same =m4 ,s t =m is n only ! *ief *>act]i/ic ( species1 b ! only *>act]i/ic ( individuals ( a species4 ,sec4 #e4 ,& diff]5t 9 association f :at x is alone4 ,aga91 a color1 9 association ) o!r colors1 is diff]5t f ! same color se5 by itself4 ,x has a di/9ct & peculi> p[] ^u ! ret9a dep5d5t on its association4 ,consequ5tly1 ! color ( any object is n m dep5d5t ^u ! nature ( ! object itself1 & ! eye behold+ x1 ?an on ! color ( ! objects ne> x2 9 ?is respect also1 !re=e1 x is no *>act]i/ic4 ,sec4 #f4 ,x is n c]ta9 :e!r any two p see ! same color 9 ?+s4 ,& s great is ! unc]ta9ty ) respect to ^? qualities or p[]s :i* dep5d z mu* on ! nature ( ! object suff]+ z ( ! object act+1 t x is totally impossible to prove t "o man sees 9 ! same ?+ ! same color t ano!r does ?\gh he may use ! same "n = x4 ,"o man may see yell[ :]e ano!r sees blue1 b z ! effect is con/ant1 !y agree 9 ! t]m to be us$ = x1 & bo? call x blue1 or bo? yell[1 hav+ yet totally diff]5t ideas atta*$ to ! t]m4 ,& yet nei!r c be said to see falsely1 because ! color is n 9 ! ?+1 b 9 ! ?+ & !m toge!r4 ,b if !y see =ms diff]5tly1 "o mu/ see falsely1 because ! =m is positive 9 ! object4 ,my fri5d may see bo>s blue = any?+ ,i "k1 b x is impossible he %\ld see !m ) paws in/ead ( ho(s1 unless 8 eyes or bra9 are diseas$4 7,comp>e ,locke1 ,book ii4 *ap4 xxxii4 ,sec4 #ae47 ,b ,i d n speak ( ?is unc]ta9ty z capable ( hav+ any effect on art1 because1 ?\gh p]haps ,l&se] sees dogs ( ! color :i* ,i %\ld call blue1 yet ! color he puts on ! canvas1 be+ 9 ! same way blue to him1 w /ill be br[n or dog-color to me2 & s we may argue on po9ts ( color j z if all m5 saw alike1 z inde$ 9 all probability !y d2 b ,i m]ely m5tion ?is unc]ta9ty to %[ f>!r ! vagu5ess & unimportance ( color z a *>act]i/ic ( bodies4 ,sec4 #g4 ,=m consid]$ z an elem5t ( l&scape1 includes light & %ade4 ,sec4 #h4 ,importance ( light & %ade 9 express+ ! "* ( bodies & unimportance ( color4 ,be=e go+ f>!r1 h[ev]1 ,i mu/ expla9 ! s5se 9 :i* ,i h us$ ! ^w =m1 because pa9t]s h a mo/ inaccurate & c>eless habit ( conf9+ ! t]m to ! outl9e ( bodies1 :]eas x necess>ily implies light & %ade4 ,x is true t ! outl9e & ! *i>oscuro mu/ be sep>ate subjects ( inve/igation ) ! /ud5t2 b no =m :atsoev] c be kn[n to ! eye 9 ! slighte/ degree )\t its *i>oscuro2 &1 !re=e1 9 speak+ ( =m g5]ally z an elem5t ( l&scape1 ,i mean t p]fect & h>moni\s unity ( outl9e ) light & %ade1 by :i* all ! p>ts & projections & proportions ( a body are fully expla9$ to ! eye1 be+ nev]!less p]fectly indep5d5t ( sight or p[] 9 o!r objects1 ! pres5ce ( light ^u a body be+ a positive exi/5ce1 :e!r we are aw>e ( x or n1 & 9 no degree dep5d5t ^u our s5ses4 ,?is be+ und]/ood1 ! mo/ conv9c+ pro( ( ! unimportance ( color lies 9 ! accurate obs]vation ( ! way 9 :i* any mat]ial object impresses itself on ! m9d4 ,if we look at nature c>efully1 we %all f9d t h] colors are 9 a /ate ( p]petual confusion & indi/9ctness1 :ile h] =ms1 z told by light & %ade1 are inv>iably cle>1 di/9ct1 & speak+4 ,! /ones & gravel ( ! bank cat* gre5 reflections f ! b\ghs above2 ! bu%es receive grays & yell[s f ! gr\nd2 e hairbread? ( poli%$ surface gives a little bit ( ! blue ( ! sky or ! gold ( ! sun1 l a /> ^u ! local color2 ?is local color1 *angeful & unc]ta9 9 itself1 is aga9 disguis$ & modifi$ by ! hue ( ! light1 or qu5*$ 9 ! gray ( ! %ad[2 & ! confusion & bl5d+ ( t9t is altoge!r s great1 t 7 we left to f9d out :at objects 7 by _! colors only1 we w\ld sc>cely 9 places di/+ui% ! b\ghs ( a tree f ! air beyond !m1 or ! gr\nd b5ea? !m4 ,i "k t p unpractis$ 9 art w n believe ?is at fir/2 b if !y h accurate p[]s ( obs]vation1 !y may soon asc]ta9 x = !mselves2 !y w f9d t1 :ile !y c sc>cely ev] det]m9e ! exact hue ( any?+1 except :5 x occurs 9 l>ge masses1 z 9 a gre5 field or ! blue sky1 ! =m1 z told by light & %ade1 is always decid$ & evid5t1 & ! s\rce ( ! *ief "* ( e object4 ,light & %ade inde$ s completely conqu] ! di/9ctions ( local color1 t ! diff]5ce 9 hue betwe5 ! illum9$ p>ts ( a :ite & black object is n s great z ! diff]5ce 79 sun%9e7 betwe5 ! illum9$ & d>k side ( ei!r sep>ately4 ,sec4 #i4 ,recapitulation4 ,we %all see h]eaft]1 9 consid]+ ideas ( beauty1 t color1 ev5 z a s\rce ( pleasure1 is feeble comp>$ to =m2 b ?is we _c insi/ ^u at pres5t2 we h only to d ) simple tru?1 & ! obs]vations we h made are suffici5t to prove t ! arti/ :o sacrifices or =gets a tru? ( =m 9 ! pursuit ( a tru? ( color1 sacrifices :at is def9ite to :at is unc]ta91 & :at is ess5tial to :at is accid5tal4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,recapitulation4 ,sec4 #a4 ,! importance ( hi/orical tru?s4 ,x ought f>!r to be obs]v$ respect+ tru?s 9 g5]al1 t ^? are always mo/ valuable :i* are mo/ hi/orical1 t is1 :i* tell u mo/ ab\t ! pa/ & future /ates ( ! object to :i* !y belong4 ,9 a tree1 = in/ance1 x is m important to give ! appe>ance ( en]gy & ela/icity 9 ! limbs :i* is indicative ( gr[? & life1 ?an any p>ticul> "* ( leaf1 or texture ( b\gh4 ,x is m important t we %\ld feel t ! upp]mo/ sprays are creep+ high] & high] into ! sky1 & be impress$ ) ! curr5t ( life & motion :i* is animat+ e fibre1 ?an t we %\ld "k ! exact pit* ( relief ) :i* ^? fibres are ?r[n out aga9/ ! sky4 ,= ! fir/ tru?s tell u tales ab\t ! tree1 ab\t :at x has be51 & w be1 :ile ! la/ are *>act]i/ic ( x only 9 its pres5t /ate1 & are 9 no way talkative ab\t !mselves4 ,talkative facts are always m int]e/+ & m important ?an sil5t ones4 ,s aga9 ! l9es 9 a crag :i* m>k its /ratification1 & h[ x has be5 wa%$ & r\nd$ by wat]1 or twi/$ & drawn out 9 fire1 are m important1 because !y tell m ?an ! /a9s ( ! li*5s :i* *ange ye> by ye>1 & ! accid5tal fissures ( fro/ or decomposition2 n b t bo? ( ^! are hi/orical1 b hi/orical 9 a less di/9ct mann]1 & = %ort] p]iods4 ,sec4 #b4 ,=m1 z expla9$ by light & %ade1 ! fir/ ( all tru?s4 ,tone1 light & color are second>y4 ,h5ce 9 g5]al ! tru?s ( specific =m are ! fir/ & mo/ important ( all2 & next to !m1 ^? tru?s ( *i>oscuro :i* are necess>y to make u und]/& e quality & "p ( =ms1 & ! relative di/ances ( objects among ea* o!r1 & 9 consequ5ce _! relative bulks4 ,altoge!r l[] ?an ^!1 z tru?s1 ?\gh (t5 mo/ important z beauties1 /& all effects ( *i>oscuro :i* are productive m]ely ( imitations ( light & tone1 & all effects ( color4 ,to make u und]/& ! space ( ! sky1 is an end wor?y ( ! arti/'s highe/ p[]s2 to hit its p>ticul> blue or gold is an end to be ?\ght ( :5 we h accompli%$ ! fir/1 & n till !n4 ,sec4 #c4 ,& deceptive *i>oscuro ! l[e/ ( all4 ,f9ally1 f> bel[ all ^! come ^? p>ticul> accuraciesor tricks ( *i>oscuro :i* cause objects to look project+ f ! canvas1 n wor?y ( ! "n ( tru?s1 because !y require = _! atta9m5t ! sacrifice ( all o!rs2 = n hav+ at our disposal ! same int5sity ( light by :i* nature illu/rates h] objects1 we are oblig$1 if we w\ld h p]fect deception 9 "o1 to de/roy its relation to ! re/4 7,comp>e ,sect4 ,,ii4 *ap4 ,v47 ,& ?us he :o ?r[s "o object out ( 8 picture1 nev] lets ! spectator into x4 ,mi*ael ,angelo bids y foll[ 8 phantoms into ! abyss ( heav51 b a mod]n ,fr5* pa9t] drops 8 h]o out ( ! picture frame4 ,?is solidity or projection !n1 is ! v l[e/ tru? t art c give2 x is ! pa9t+ ( m]e matt]1 giv+ t z food = ! eye :i* is prop]ly only ! subject ( t\*2 x c nei!r in/ruct nor exalt1 nor please except z juggl]y2 x addresses no s5se ( beauty nor ( p[]2 & :]ev] x *>act]izes ! g5]al aim ( a picture1 x is ! sign & ! evid5ce ( ! vile/ & l[e/ me*anism :i* art c be insult$ by giv+ "n to4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,g5]al ,,application ,,( ,,! ,,=ego+ ,,pr9ciples4 ,sec4 #a4 ,! diff]5t selection ( facts consequ5t on ! sev]al aims at imitation or at tru?4 ,we h se51 9 ! prec$+ *apt]s1 "s pro( ( :at 0 be=e ass]t$1 t ! tru?s necess>y = deceptive imitation are n only few1 b ( ! v l[e/ ord]4 ,we ?us f9d pa9t]s rang+ !mselves into two great classes2 "o aim+ at ! developm5t ( ! exquisite tru?s ( specific =m1 ref9$ color1 & e!real space1 & cont5t ) ! cle> & impressive sugge/ion ( any ( ^!1 by :atsoev] means obta9$2 & ! o!r ca/+ all ^! aside1 to atta9 ^? p>ticul> tru?s ( tone & *i>oscuro1 :i* may trick ! spectator into a belief ( reality4 ,! fir/ class1 if !y h to pa9t a tree1 are int5t ^u giv+ ! exquisite designs ( int]sect+ undulation 9 its b\ghs1 ! grace ( its leafage1 ! intricacy ( its organization1 & all ^? qualities :i* make x lovely or affect+ ( its k9d4 ,! second endeavor only to make y believe t y are look+ at wood4 ,!y are totally reg>dless ( tru?s or beauties ( =m2 a /ump is z good z a trunk = all _! purposes1 s t !y c only deceive ! eye into ! supposition t x is a /ump & n canvas4 ,sec4 #b4 ,! old ma/]s1 z a body1 aim only at imitation4 ,sec4 #c4 ,:at tru?s !y gave4 ,to :i* ( ^! classes ! great body ( ! old l&scape pa9t]s belong$1 may be p>tly ga!r$ f ! k9d ( praise :i* is be/[$ ^u !m by ^? :o admire !m mo/1 :i* ei!r ref]s to te*nical matt]s1 dext]ity ( t\*1 clev] oppositions ( color1 etc41 or is be/[$ on ! p[] ( ! pa9t] to deceive4 ,m4 de ,m>montel1 go+ into a connoisseur's gall]y1 pret5ds to mi/ake a f9e ,b]ghem = a w9d[4 ,?is1 he says1 0 affirm$ by its possessor to be ! greate/ praise ! picture _h ev] receiv$4 ,su* is inde$ ! notion ( art :i* is at ! bottom ( ! v5]ation usually felt = ! old l&scape pa9t]s2 x is ( c\rse ! palpable1 fir/ idea ( ignorance2 x is ! only notion :i* p unacqua9t$ ) art c by any possibility h ( its ends2 ! only te/ by :i* p unacqua9t$ ) nature c pret5d to =m any?+ l judgm5t ( art4 ,x is /range t1 ) ! great hi/orical pa9t]s ( ,italy be=e !m1 :o _h brok5 s boldly & indignantly f ! trammels ( ?is notion1 & %ak5 ! v du/ ( x f _! feet1 ! succe$+ l&scape pa9t]s %\ld h wa/$ _! lives 9 juggl]y3 b s x is1 & s x w be felt1 ! m we look into _! works1 t ! deception ( ! s5ses 0 ! great & fir/ end ( all _! art4 ,to atta9 ?is !y paid deep & s]i\s att5tion to effects ( light & tone1 & to ! exact degree ( relief :i* mat]ial objects take aga9/ light & atmosph]e2 & sacrific+ e o!r tru? to ^!1 n necess>ily1 b because !y requir$ no o!rs = deception1 !y succe$$ 9 r5d]+ ^! p>ticul> facts ) a fidelity & =ce :i*1 9 ! pictures t h come d[n to u un9jur$1 are z yet unequall$1 & nev] c be surpass$4 ,!y pa9t$ _! =egr\nds ) labori\s indu/ry1 cov]+ !m ) details s z to r5d] !m deceptive to ! ord9>y eye1 reg>dless ( beauty or tru? 9 ! details !mselves2 !y pa9t$ _! trees ) c>eful att5tion to _! pit* ( %ade aga9/ ! sky1 utt]ly reg>dless ( all t is beautiful or ess5tial 9 ! anatomy ( _! foliage & b\ghs3 !y pa9t$ _! di/ances ) exquisite use ( transp>5t color & a]ial tone1 totally neglectful ( all facts & =ms :i* nature uses su* color & tone to relieve & adorn4 ,!y _h nei!r love ( nature1 nor feel+ ( h] beauty2 !y look$ = h] colde/ & mo/ commonplace effects1 because !y 7 easie/ to imitate2 & = h] mo/ vulg> =ms1 because !y 7 mo/ easily to be recogniz$ by ! untaught eyes ( ^? :om alone !y c\ld hope to please2 !y did x1 l ! ,ph>isee ( old1 to be se5 ( m51 & !y _h _! rew>d4 ,!y d deceive & delight ! unpractis$ eye2 !y w to all ages1 z long z _! colors endure1 be ! /&>ds ( excell5ce ) all1 :o1 ignorant ( nature1 claim to be ?\ght le>n$ 9 art4 ,& !y w to all ages be1 to ^? :o h ?or\gh love & k ( ! creation :i* !y libel1 in/ructive pro(s ( ! limit$ numb] & l[ "* ( ! tru?s :i* are necess>y1 & ! accumulat$ multitude ( pure1 broad1 bold falsehoods :i* are admissible 9 pictures meant only to deceive4 ,!re is ( c\rse m or less accuracy ( k & execution comb9$ ) ?is aim at effect1 accord+ to ! indu/ry & precision ( eye possess$ by ! ma/]1 & m or less ( beauty 9 ! =ms select$1 accord+ to 8 natural ta/e2 b bo? ! beauty & tru? are sacrific$ unhesitat+ly :]e !y int]f]e ) ! great ef=t at deception4 ,claude _h1 if x _h be5 cultivat$1 a f9e feel+ = beauty ( =m1 & is seldom ungraceful 9 8 foliage2 b 8 picture1 :5 exam9$ ) ref]5ce to ess5tial tru?1 is "o mass ( error f beg9n+ to end4 ,cuyp1 on ! o!r h&1 c\ld pa9t close tru? ( ev]y?+1 except gr\nd & wat]1 ) decision & success1 b he has no s5se ( beauty4 ,gasp> ,p\ss91 m ignorant ( tru? ?an ,claude1 & almo/ z dead to beauty z ,cuyp1 has yet a p]ception ( ! feel+ & moral tru? ( nature :i* (t5 r$eems ! picture2 b yet 9 all ( !m1 ev]y?+ t !y c d is done = deception1 & no?+ = ! sake or love ( :at !y are pa9t+4 ,sec4 #d4 ,! pr9ciples ( selection adopt$ by mod]n arti/s4 ,mod]n l&scape pa9t]s h look$ at nature ) totally diff]5t eyes1 seek+ n = :at is easie/ to imitate1 b = :at is mo/ important to tell4 ,reject+ at once all idea ( bona fide imitation1 !y ?9k only ( convey+ ! impression ( nature into ! m9d ( ! spectator4 ,& !re is1 9 consequ5ce1 a great] sum ( valuable1 ess5tial1 & impressive tru? 9 ! works ( two or ?ree ( our lead+ mod]n l&scape pa9t]s1 ?an 9 ^? ( all ! old ma/]s put toge!r1 & ( tru? too1 ne>ly unmix$ ) def9ite or avoidable falsehood2 :ile ! unimportant & feeble tru?s ( ! old ma/]s are *ok$ ) a mass ( p]petual defiance ( ! mo/ au?oritative laws ( nature4 ,sec4 #e4 ,g5]al feel+ ( ,claude1 ,salvator1 & ,g4 ,p\ss91 contra/$ ) ! fre$om & va/ness ( nature4 ,i d n expect ?is ass]tion to be believ$ at pres5t2 x mu/ re/ = demon/ration on ! exam9ation we are ab\t to ent] ^u2 yet1 ev5 )\t ref]5ce to any intricate or deep-laid tru?s1 x appe>s /range to me1 t any "o famili> ) nature1 & fond ( h]1 %\ld n gr[ we>y & sick at he>t among ! melan*oly & monoton\s transcripts ( h] :i* alone c be receiv$ f ! old s*ool ( art4 ,a man accu/om$ to ! broad1 wild sea%ore1 ) its bright break]s1 & free w9ds1 & s\nd+ rocks1 & et]nal s5sation ( tameless p[]1 c sc>cely b be ang]$ :5 ,claude bids him /& /ill on "s paltry1 *ipp$ & *isell$ quay ) port]s & :eelb>r[s runn+ aga9/ him1 to wat* a weak1 rippl+ b\nd & b>ri]$ wat]1 t has n /r5g? en\gh 9 "o ( its waves to upset ! fl[]-pots on ! wall1 or ev5 to fl+ "o jet ( spray ov] ! conf9+ /one4 ,a man accu/om$ to ! /r5g? & glory ( ,god's m\nta9s1 ) _! so>+ & radiant p9nacles1 & surg+ sweeps ( measureless di/ance1 k+doms 9 _! valleys1 & climates ^u _! cre/s1 c sc>cely b be ang]$ :5 ,salvator bids him /& /ill "u "s contemptible fragm5t ( spl9t]y crag1 :i* an ,alp9e sn[-wrea? w\ld smo!r 9 its fir/ swell1 ) a /unt$ bu% or two gr[+ out ( x1 & a volume ( manufactory smoke = a sky4 ,a man accu/om$ to ! grace & inf9ity ( nature's foliage1 ) e vi/a a ca!dral1 & e b\gh a revelation1 c sc>cely b be ang]$ :5 ,p\ss9 mocks him ) a black r\nd mass ( imp5etrable pa9t1 div]g+ into fea!rs in/ead ( leaves1 & support$ on a /ick in/ead ( a trunk4 ,! fact is1 !re is "o ?+ want+ 9 all ! do+ ( ^! m51 & t is ! v virtue by :i* ! "w ( human m9d *iefly rises above t ( ! ,dagu]reotype or ,calotype1 or any o!r me*anical means t ev] h be5 or may be inv5t$1 ,love3 ,!re is no evid5ce ( _! ev] hav+ gone to nature ) any ?ir/1 or receiv$ f h] su* emotion z c\ld make !m1 ev5 = an in/ant1 lose sight ( !mselves2 !re is 9 !m nei!r e>ne/ness nor humility2 !re is no simple or hone/ record ( any s+le tru?2 none ( ! pla9 words nor /raight ef=ts t m5 speak & make :5 !y once feel4 ,sec4 #f4 ,inadequacy ( ! l&scape ( ,titian & ,t9toret4 ,nor is x only by ! pr(ess$ l&scape pa9t]s t ! great v]ities ( ! mat]ial _w are betray$3 ,gr& z are ! motives ( l&scape 9 ! works ( ! e>li] & mighti] m51 !re is yet 9 !m no?+ approa*+ to a g5]al view nor complete r5d]+ ( natural ph5om5a2 n t !y are to be blam$ = ?is2 = !y took out ( nature t :i* 0 fit = _! purpose1 & _! mission 0 to d no m2 b we mu/ be cauti\s to di/+ui% t imag9ative ab/raction ( l&scape :i* alone we f9d 9 !m1 f ! entire /atem5t ( tru? :i* has be5 attempt$ by ! mod]ns4 ,i h said 9 ! *apt] on symmetry 9 ! second volume1 t all l&scape gr&eur vani%es be=e t ( ,titian & ,t9toret2 & ?is is true ( :atev] ^! two giants t\*$2--b !y t\*$ little4 ,a few level flakes ( *e/nut foliage2 a blue ab/raction ( hill =ms f ,cadore or ! ,euganeans2 a gr& mass or two ( gl[+ gr\nd & mighty h]bage1 & a few burn+ fields ( quiet cl\d 7 all !y ne$$2 !re is evid5ce ( ,t9toret's hav+ felt m ?an ?is1 b x occurs only 9 second>y fragm5ts ( rock1 cl\d1 or p9e1 h>dly notic$ among ! accumulat$ int]e/ ( 8 human subject4 ,f ! w9d[ ( ,titian's h\se at ,v5ice1 ! *a9 ( ! ,tyrolese ,alps is se5 lift$ 9 spectral p[] above ! tuft$ pla9 ( ,treviso2 e dawn t r$d5s ! t[]s ( ,murano lights also a l9e ( pyramidal fires along t colossal ridge2 b !re is1 s f> z ,i "k1 no evid5ce 9 any ( ! ma/]'s works ( 8 ev] hav+ beheld1 mu* less felt1 ! maje/y ( _! burn+4 ,! d>k firmam5t & sadd5$ twilight ( ,t9toret are suffici5t = _! end2 b ! sun nev] plunges beh9d ,san ,giorgio 9 ,aliga )\t su* ret9ue ( radiant cl\d1 su* re/ ( zon$ light on ! gre5 lagoon1 z nev] receiv$ image f 8 h&4 ,m ?an ?is1 ( t :i* !y lov$ & r5d]$ mu* is r5d]$ conv5tionally2 by noble conv5tionalities inde$1 b su* nev]!less z w\ld be inexcusable if ! l&scape became ! pr9cipal subject in/ead ( an accompanim5t4 ,i w in/ance only ! ,san ,pietro ,m>tire1 :i*1 if n ! mo/ p]fect1 is at lea/ ! mo/ popul> ( ,titian's l&scapes2 9 :i*1 to obta9 light on ! fle% ( ! ne> figures ! sky is made z d>k z deep sea1 ! m\nta9s are laid 9 ) viol5t & impossible blue1 except "o ( !m on ! left1 :i*1 to connect ! di/ant light ) ! =egr\nd1 is ?r[n into light relief1 unexpla9$ by its mat]ials1 unlikely 9 its position1 & 9 its degree impossible "u any circum/ances4 ,sec4 #g4 ,causes ( its want ( influ5ce on subsequ5t s*ools4 ,i d n in/ance ^! z faults 9 ! picture3 !re are no works ( v p[]ful color :i* are free f conv5tionality conc5trat$ or diffus$1 d>+ or disguis$2 b z ! conv5tionality ( ?is :ole picture is ma9ly ?r[n into ! l&scape1 x is necess>y1 :ile we ackn[l$ge ! virtue ( ?is di/ance z a "p ( ! great composition1 to be on our gu>d aga9/ ! lic5se x assumes & ! attractiv5ess ( its ov]*>g$ color4 ,fragm5ts ( f> pur] tru? occur 9 ! works ( ,t9toret2 & 9 ! draw+ ( foliage1 :e!r rapid or elaborate1 ( masses or details1 ! ,v5etian pa9t]s1 tak5 z a body1 may be consid]$ almo/ faultless models4 ,b ! :ole field ( :at !y h done is s n>r[1 & !re9 is s mu* ( :at is only relatively "r1 & 9 itself false or imp]fect1 t ! "y & inexp]i5c$ pa9t] c\ld run no great] risk ?an ! too e>ly tak+ !m = tea*]s2 & to ! g5]al spectator _! l&scape is valuable r z a means ( peculi> & solemn emotion ?an z m9i/]+ to1 or inspir+ ! univ]sal love ( nature4 ,h5ce :ile m5 ( s]i\s m9d1 especially ^? ^: pursuits h br\ght !m into cont9u$ relations ) ! peopl$ r ?an ! lonely _w1 w always look to ! ,v5etian pa9t]s z hav+ t\*$ ^? simple *ords ( l&scape h>mony :i* are mo/ 9 unison ) e>ne/ & melan*oly feel+2 ^? ^: philosophy is m *e]ful & m ext5d$1 z hav+ be5 tra9$ & color$ among simple & solit>y nature1 w seek = a wid] & m sy/ematic circle ( tea*+3 !y may grant t ! b>r$ horizontal gloom ( ! ,titian sky1 & ! massy leaves ( ! ,titian =e/ are among ! mo/ sublime ( ! conceivable =ms ( mat]ial ?+s2 b !y "k t ! virtue ( ^! v =ms is to be le>n$ only by "r comp>ison ( !m ) ! *e]fulness1 fulness & comp>ative inquietness ( o!r h\rs & sc5es2 t !y are n int5d$ = ! cont9ual food1 b ! occasional soo?+ ( ! human he>t2 t !re is a lesson ( n less value 9 its place1 ?\gh ( less conclud+ & seal+ au?ority1 9 e "o ( ! m humble phases ( mat]ial ?+s3 & t !re are "s lessons ( equal or great] au?ority :i* ^! ma/]s nei!r taught nor receiv$4 ,& until ! s*ool ( mod]n l&scape arose ,art _h nev] not$ ! l9ks ( ?is mighty *a92 x matt]$ n t a fragm5t lay "h & !re1 no heav5ly lightn+ c\ld desc5d by x2 ! l&scape ( ! ,v5etians 0 )\t effect on any contempor>y 9 subsequ5t s*ools2 x /ill rema9s on ! cont95t z useless z if x _h nev] exi/$2 & at ?is mom5t ,g]man & ,italian l&scapes1 ( :i* no words are scornful en\gh to befit ! utt] degradation1 hang 9 ! ,v5etian ,academy 9 ! next room to ! ,des]t ( ,titian & ! ,p>adise ( ,t9toret4#f ,sec4 #h4 ,! value ( inf]ior works ( art h[ to be e/imat$4 ,t !n :i* ,i w\ld h ! read] inquire respect+ e "w ( art ( undet]m9$ m]it submitt$ to 8 judgm5t1 is n :e!r x be a "w ( especial gr&eur1 importance1 or p[]2 b :e!r x h any virtue or sub/ance z a l9k 9 ?is *a9 ( tru?1 :e!r x h record$ or int]pret$ any?+ be=e unkn[n1 :e!r x h add$ "o s+le /one to our heav5-po9t+ pyramid1 cut away "o d>k b\gh1 or levell$ "o rugg$ hillock 9 our pa?4 ,?is1 if x be an hone/ "w ( art1 x mu/ h done1 = no man ev] yet work$ hone/ly )\t giv+ "s su* help to 8 race4 ,god appo9ts to e "o ( 8 creatures a sep>ate mission1 & if !y dis*>ge x honorably1 if !y quit !mselves l m5 & fai?fully foll[ t light :i* is 9 !m1 )draw+ f x all cold & qu5*+ influ5ce1 !re w assur$ly come ( x su* burn+ z1 9 its appo9t$ mode & measure1 %all %9e be=e m51 & be ( s]vice con/ant & holy4 ,degrees inf9ite ( lu/re !re mu/ always be1 b ! weake/ among u has a gift1 h[ev] seem+ly trivial1 :i* is peculi> to him1 & :i* wor?ily us$ w be a gift also to 8 race =ev]-- ,fool n1 says ,george ,h]b]t1 ,= all may h1 ,if !y d>e *oose1 a glori\s life or grave4 ,if1 on ! contr>y1 !re be no?+ ( ?is fre%ness a*iev$1 if !re be nei!r purpose nor fidelity 9 :at is done1 if x be an envi\s or p[]less imitation ( o!r m5's labors1 if x be a display ( m]e manual dext]ity or curi\s manufacture1 or if 9 any o!r mode x %[ itself z hav+ its orig9 9 vanity1--,ca/ x out4 ,x matt]s n :at p[]s ( m9d may h be5 conc]n$ or corrupt$ 9 x1 all h lo/ _! savor1 x is worse ?an wor?less2--p]il\s--,ca/ x out4 ,works ( art are inde$ always ( mix$ k9d1 _! hone/y be+ m or less corrupt$ by ! v>i\s weaknesses ( ! pa9t]1 by 8 vanity1 8 idl5ess1 or 8 c[>dice2 7! fe> ( do+ "r has f> m influ5ce on art ?an is commonly ?\ght17 t only is altoge!r to be reject$ :i* is altoge!r va91 idle1 & c[>dly4 ,( ! re/ ! rank is to be e/imat$ r by ! purity ( _! metal ?an ! co9$ value ( x4 ,sec4 #i4 ,religi\s l&scape ( ,italy4 ,! admirabl5ess ( its completion4 ,keep+ ^! pr9ciples 9 view1 let u endeavor to obta9 some?+ l a g5]al view ( ! assi/ance :i* has be5 r5d]$ to our /udy ( nature by ! v>i\s occurr5ces ( l&scape 9 eld] art1 & by ! m exclusively direct$ labors ( mod]n s*ools4 ,to ! ideal l&scape ( ! e>ly religi\s pa9t]s ( ,italy ,i h allud$ 9 ! conclud+ *apt] ( ! second volume4 ,x is absolutely "r & beautiful 9 its peculi> application2 b its grasp ( nature is n>r[ & its treatm5t 9 mo/ respects too sev]e & conv5tional to =m a pr(itable example :5 ! l&scape is to be alone ! subject ( ?\ght4 ,! great virtue ( x is its entire1 exquisite1 & humble realization ( ^? objects x selects2 9 ?is respect diff]+ f su* ,g]man imitations ( x z ,i h met )1 t !re is no ef=t ( any fanciful or ornam5tal modifications1 b lov+ fidelity to ! ?+ /udi$4 ,! =egr\nd plants are usually nei!r exagg]at$ nor /iff5$2 !y d n =m ar*es or frames or bord]s2 _! grace is unconf9$1 _! simplicity unde/roy$4 ,cima da ,conegliano1 9 8 picture 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,madonna dell' ,orto at ,v5ice1 has giv5 u ! oak1 ! fig1 ! beautiful ,erba della ,madonna on ! wall1 precisely su* a bun* ( x z may be se5 gr[+ at ?is day on ! m>ble /eps ( t v *ur*2 ivy & o!r creep]s1 & a /rawb]ry plant 9 ! =egr\nd1 ) a blossom & a b]ry j set1 & "o half ripe & "o ripe1 all pati5tly & innoc5tly pa9t$ f ! real ?+1 & !re=e mo/ div9e4 ,fra ,angelico's use ( ! oxalis acetosella is z fai?ful 9 repres5tation z t\*+ 9 feel+4#g ,! f]ns t gr[ on ! walls ( ,fiesole may be se5 9 _! simple v]ity on ! ar*itecture ( ,ghirl&ajo4 ,! rose1 ! myrtle1 & ! lily1 ! olive & orange1 pomegranate & v9e1 h receiv$ _! faire/ portraiture :]e !y be> a sacr$ "*2 ev5 ! common planta9s & mall[s ( ! waysides are t\*$ ) deep rev]5ce by ,raffaelle2 & inde$ = ! p]fect treatm5t ( details ( ?is k9d1 treatm5t z delicate & affectionate z x is elevat$ & manly1 x is to ! works ( ^! s*ools alone t we c ref]4 ,& on ?is _! peculi> excell5ce ,i %\ld ! m e>ne/ly insi/1 because x is ( a k9d altoge!r neglect$ by ! ,engli% s*ool1 & ) mo/ un=tunate result1 _m ( our be/ pa9t]s miss+ _! des]v$ rank solely f ! want ( x1 z ,ga9sbor\gh2 & all be+ m or less *eck$ 9 _! progress or vulg>iz$ 9 _! aim4 ,sec4 #aj4 ,f9i%1 & ! want ( x1 h[ "r & h[ wrong4 ,x is a mis=tune = all hone/ critics1 t h>dly any quality ( art is indep5d5tly to be prais$1 & )\t ref]5ce to ! motive f :i* x result$1 & ! place 9 :i* x appe>s2 s t no pr9ciple c be simply en=c$ b x %all seem to c\nt5ance a vice2 :ile ! "w ( qualification & explanation bo? weak5s ! =ce ( :at is said1 & is n p]haps always likely to be ) pati5ce receiv$3 s also ^? :o desire to misund]/& or to oppose h x always 9 _! p[] to become obtuse li/5]s or speci\s oppon5ts4 ,?us ,i h>dly d>e insi/ ^u ! virtue ( completion1 le/ ,i %\ld be suppos$ a def5d] ( ,w\v]mans or ,g]>d ,d[2 nei!r c ,i adequately praise ! p[] ( ,t9toret1 )\t fe>+ to be ?\ght adv]se to ,holbe9 or ,p]ug9o4 ,! fact is1 t bo? f9i% & impetuosity1 specific m9ut5ess1 or l>ge ab/raction1 may be ! signs ( passion1 or ( its rev]se2 may result f affection or indiff]5ce1 intellect or dulness4 ,"s m5 f9i% f int5se love ( ! beautiful 9 ! smalle/ p>ts ( :at !y d2 o!rs 9 pure incapability ( compreh5d+ any?+ b p>ts2 o!rs to %[ _! dext]ity ) ! bru%1 & prove exp5diture ( "t4 ,"s are impetu\s & bold 9 _! h&l+1 f hav+ great ?\ghts to express :i* are indep5d5t ( detail2 o!rs because !y h bad ta/e or h be5 badly taught2 o!rs f vanity1 & o!rs f indol5ce4 7,comp>e ,vol4 ,,ii4 ,*ap4 ,,ix4 ,sec4 #h47 ,n[ bo? ! f9i% & incompletion are "r :]e !y are ! signs ( passion or ( ?\ght1 & bo? are wrong1 & ,i ?9k ! f9i% ! m contemptible ( ! two1 :5 !y cease to be s4 ,! mod]n ,italians w pa9t e leaf ( a laurel or rose-bu% )\t ! slighte/ feel+ ( _! beauty or "*2 & )\t %[+ "o sp>k ( intellect or affection f beg9n+ to end4 ,any?+ is bett] ?an ?is2 & yet ! v highe/ s*ools d ! same ?+1 or ne>ly s1 b ) totally diff]5t motives & p]ceptions1 & ! result is div9e4 ,on ! :ole1 ,i conceive t ! extremes ( good & evil lie ) ! f9i%]s1 & t :atev] glori\s p[] we may admit 9 m5 l ,t9toret1 :atev] attractiv5ess ( me?od to ,rub5s1 ,rembr&t1 or1 ?\gh 9 f> less degree1 our own ,reynolds1 /ill ! ?or\ghly great m5 are ^? :o h done ev]y?+ ?or\ghly1 & :o1 9 a ^w1 h nev] despis$ any?+1 h[ev] small1 ( ,god's mak+4 ,& ?is is ! *ief fault ( our ,engli% l&scapi/s1 t !y h n ! int5se all-obs]v+ p5etration ( well-balanc$ m9d2 !y h n1 except 9 "o or two in/ances1 any?+ ( t feel+ :i* ,wordswor? %[s 9 ! foll[+ l9es3-- ,s fair1 s sweet1 )al s s5sitive2-- ,w\ld t ! little fl[]s 7 born to live ,consci\s ( half ! pleasure :i* !y give4 ,t to ?is m\nta9 daisy's self 7 kn[n ,! beauty ( its />-%ap$ %ad[1 ?r[n ,on ! smoo? surface ( ?is nak$ /one4 ,t is a little bit ( good1 d[nright1 =egr\nd pa9t+--no mi/ake ab\t x2 daisy1 & %ad[1 & /one texture & all4 ,our pa9t]s mu/ come to ?is be=e !y h done _! duty2 & yet1 on ! o!r h&1 let !m bew>e ( f9i%+1 = ! sake ( f9i%1 all ov] _! picture4 ,! gr\nd is n to be all ov] daisies1 nor is e daisy to h its />-%ap$ %ad[2 !re is z mu* f9i% 9 ! "r concealm5t ( ?+s z 9 ! "r exhibition ( !m2 & :ile ,i dem& ?is am\nt ( specific "* :]e nature %[s x1 ,i dem& equal fidelity to h] :]e %e conceals x4 ,to pa9t mi/ rightly1 space rightly1 & light rightly1 x may be (t5 necess>y to pa9t no?+ else rightly1 b ! rule is simple = all t2 if ! arti/ is pa9t+ some?+ t he kn[s & loves1 z he kn[s x because he loves x1 :e!r x be ! fair /rawb]ry ( ,cima1 or ! cle> sky ( ,francia1 or ! blaz+ incompreh5sible mi/ ( ,turn]1 he is all "r2 b ! mom5t he does any?+ z he ?9ks x ought to be1 because he does n c>e ab\t x1 he is all wrong4 ,he has only to ask himself :e!r he c>es = any?+ except himself2 s f> z he does he w make a good picture2 s f> z he ?9ks ( himself a vile "o4 ,?is is ! root ( ! vici\sness ( ! :ole ,fr5* s*ool4 ,indu/ry !y h1 le>n+ !y h1 p[] !y h1 feel+ !y h1 yet n s mu* feel+ z ev] to =ce !m to =get !mselves ev5 = a mom5t2 ! rul+ motive is inv>iably vanity1 & ! picture !re=e an abortion4 ,sec4 #aa4 ,! op5 skies ( ! religi\s s*ools1 h[ valuable4 ,m\nta9 draw+ ( ,masaccio4 ,l&scape ( ! ,bell9is & ,giorgione4 ,return+ to ! pictures ( ! religi\s s*ools1 we f9d t _! op5 skies are also ( ! highe/ value4 ,_! preci\sness is su* t no subsequ5t s*ools c by comp>ison be said to h pa9t$ sky at all1 b only cl\ds1 or mi/1 or blue canopies4 ,! gold5 sky ( ,m>co ,basaiti 9 ! ,academy ( ,v5ice altoge!r ov]p[]s & r5d]s valueless t ( ,titian beside x4 ,^? ( ,francia 9 ! gall]y ( ,bologna are ev5 m wond]ful1 because cool] 9 tone & beh9d figures 9 full light4 ,! t\*es ( :ite light 9 ! horizon ( ,angelico's ,la/ ,judgm5t are felt & wr\ght ) equal tru?4 ,! dignifi$ & simple =ms ( cl\d 9 repose are (t5 by ^! pa9t]s sublimely express$1 b ( *angeful cl\d =m !y %[ no examples4 ,! ar*itecture1 m\nta9s1 & wat] ( ^! di/ances are commonly conv5tional2 motives are to be f\nd 9 !m ( ! highe/ beauty1 & especially rem>kable = quantity & mean+ ( incid5t2 b !y c only be /udi$ or accept$ 9 ! p>ticul> feel+ t produc$ !m4 ,x may g5]ally be obs]v$ t :atev] has be5 ! result ( /rong emotion is ill se5 unless ?r\gh ! m$ium ( su* emotion1 & w lead to conclusions utt]ly false & p]il\s1 if x be made a subject ( cold-he>t$ obs]vance1 or an object ( sy/ematic imitation4 ,"o piece ( g5u9e m\nta9 draw+1 h[ev]1 occurs 9 ! l&scape ( ,masaccio's ,tribute ,money4 ,x is impossible to say :at /range results might h tak5 place 9 ?is p>ticul> field ( art1 or h[ sudd5ly a great s*ool ( l&scape might h aris51 _h ! life ( ?is great pa9t] be5 prolong$4 ,( ?is p>ticul> fresco ,i %all h mu* to say h]eaft]4 ,! two bro!rs ,bell9i gave a m>k$ & vigor\s impulse to ! l&scape ( ,v5ice1 ( ,g5tile's ar*itecture ,i %all speak pres5tly4 ,giovanni's1 ?\gh 9 /yle less int]e/+ & 9 place less prom95t1 occurr+ *iefly z a k9d ( frame to 8 pictures1 connect+ !m ) ! ar*itecture ( ! *ur*es = :i* !y 7 int5d$1 is 9 ref9em5t ( realization1 ,i suppose1 q unrivall$1 especially 9 passages requir+ pure gradation1 z ! holl[s ( vault+s4 ,t ( ,v]onese w\ld look gho/ly beside x2 t ( ,titian lightless4 ,8 l&scape is occasionally qua9t & /range l ,giorgione's1 & z f9e 9 color1 z t beh9d ! ,madonna 9 ! ,br]a gall]y at ,milan2 b a m tru?ful fragm5t occurs 9 ! picture 9 ,san ,francesco della ,vigna at ,v5ice2 & 9 ! picture ( ,/4 ,j]ome 9 ! *ur* ( ,san ,griso/omo1 ! l&scape is z p]fect & beautiful z any backgr\nd may legitimately be1 & f9]1 z f> z x goes1 ?an any?+ ( ,titian's4 ,x is rem>kable = ! absolute tru? ( its sky1 ^: blue1 cle> z cry/al1 & ?\gh deep 9 tone bright z ! op5 air1 is gradat$ to ! horizon ) a cauti\sness & f9i% almo/ inconceivable2 & to obta9 light at ! horizon )\t contradict+ ! sy/em ( *i>oscuro adopt$ 9 ! figures :i* are light$ f ! "r h&1 x is b>r$ across ) "s gl[+ :ite cirri :i*1 9 _! turn1 are oppos$ by a s+le d>k horizontal l9e ( l[] cl\d2 & to ?r[ ! :ole f>!r back1 !re is a wrea? ( ra9 cl\d ( w>m] color float+ above ! m\nta9s1 light$ on its "u edge1 ^: fai?fulness to nature1 bo? 9 hue & 9 its light & %att]+ =m1 is altoge!r exempl>y2 ! w&]+ ( ! light among ! hills is equally /udi$1 & ! :ole is cr[n$ by ! gr& realization ( ! leaves ( ! fig-tree allud$ to 7,vol4 ,,ii4 ,"p ,,iii4 ,*ap4 #e17 z well z ( ! h]bage ^u ! rocks4 ,consid]+ t ) all ?is c>e & complet5ess 9 ! backgr\nd1 !re is no?+ t is n ( mean+ & necessity 9 ref]5ce to ! figures1 & t 9 ! figures !mselves ! dignity & heav5l9ess ( ! highe/ religi\s pa9t]s are comb9$ ) a =ce & purity ( color1 great] ,i ?9k ?an ,titian's1 x is a "w :i* may be set be=e ! "y arti/ z 9 e respect a ne>ly faultless guide4 ,giorgione's l&scape is inv5tive & solemn1 b ow+ to ! r>ity ev5 ( 8 nom9al works ,i d>e n speak ( x 9 g5]al t]ms4 ,x is c]ta9ly conv5tional1 & is r1 ,i imag9e1 to be /udi$ = its color & its motives ?an its details4 ,sec4 #ab4 ,l&scape ( ,titian & ,t9toret4 ,( ,titian & ,t9toret ,i h spok5 already4 ,! latt] is e way ! great] ma/]1 nev] indulg+ 9 ! exagg]at$ color ( ,titian1 & atta9+ f> m p]fect light2 8 grasp ( nature is m ext5sive1 & 8 view ( h] m imag9ative1 7incid5tal notices ( 8 l&scape w be f\nd 9 ! *apt] on ,imag9ation p5etrative1 ( ! second volume17 b he is usually too impati5t to c>ry 8 ?\ghts z f> out1 or to realize ) z mu* sub/antiality z ,titian4 ,9 ! ,/4 ,j]ome ( ! latt] 9 ! gall]y ( ! ,br]a1 !re is a sup]b example ( ! modes 9 :i* ! objects ( l&scape may be ei!r sugge/$ or elaborat$ accord+ to _! place & claim4 ,! l>g] features ( ! gr\nd1 foliage1 & drap]y1 z well z ! lion 9 ! l[] angle1 are execut$ ) a slightness :i* admits n ( close exam9ation1 & :i*1 if n 9 %ade1 w\ld be (f5sive to ! g5]ality ( obs]v]s4 ,b on ! rock above ! lion1 :]e x turns t[>ds ! light1 & :]e ! eye is int5d$ to dwell1 !re is a wrea? ( ivy ( :i* e leaf is sep>ately drawn ) ! greate/ accuracy & c>e1 & beside x a liz>d1 /udi$ ) equal e>ne/ness1 yet always ) t "r gr&eur ( mann] to :i* ,i h allud$ 9 ! preface4 ,t9toret seldom rea*es or attempts ! elaboration 9 sub/ance & color ( ^! objects1 b he is ev5 m tru?-tell+ & c]ta9 9 8 r5d]+ ( all ! great *>act]s ( specific =m1 & z ! pa9t] ( ,space he /&s altoge!r alone among dead ma/]s2 be+ ! fir/ :o introduc$ ! slightness & confusion ( t\* :i* are expressive ( ! effects ( lum9\s objects se5 ?r\gh l>ge spaces ( air1 & ! pr9ciples ( a]ial color :i* h be5 s9ce c>ri$ out 9 o!r fields by ,turn]4 ,i conceive him to be ! mo/ p[]ful pa9t] :om ! _w has se51 & t he 0 prev5t$ f be+ also ! mo/ p]fect1 p>tly by unt[>d circum/ances 9 8 position & education1 p>tly by ! v fulness & impetuosity ( 8 own m9d1 p>tly by ! want ( religi\s feel+ & its accompany+ p]ception ( beauty2 = 8 noble treatm5t ( religi\s subject1 ( :i* ,i h giv5 sev]al examples 9 ! ?ird "p1 appe>s to be ! result only ( t grasp :i* a great & well-ton$ intellect necess>ily takes ( any subject submitt$ to x1 & is want+ 9 ! signs ( ! m )drawn & sacr$ sympa?ies4 ,b :atev] advances 7 made by ,t9toret 9 modes ( arti/ical treatm5t1 he _c be consid]$ z hav+ enl>g$ ! sph]e ( l&scape conception4 ,he took no cognizance ev5 ( ! mat]ials & motives1 s s+ul>ly ri* 9 color1 :i* 7 =ev] ar\nd him 9 8 own ,v5ice4 ,all portions ( ,v5etian sc5]y introduc$ by him are treat$ conv5tionally & c>elessly2 ! ar*itectural *>act]s lo/ altoge!r1 ! sea di/+ui%$ f ! sky only by a d>k] gre51 :ile ( ! sky itself only ^? =ms 7 employ$ by him :i* _h be5 repeat$ aga9 & aga9 = c5turies1 ?\gh 9 less tangibility & completion4 ,( m\nta9 sc5]y he has left1 ,i believe1 no example s f> c>ri$ z t ( ,john ,bell9i above in/anc$4 ,sec4 #ac4 ,s*ools ( ,flor5ce1 ,milan1 & ,bologna4 ,! ,flor5t9e & ,ambrian s*ools supply u ) no examples ( l&scape1 except t introduc$ by _! e>lie/ ma/]s1 gradually ov]:elm$ "u r5aissance ar*itecture4 ,leon>do's l&scape has be5 ( un=tunate effect on art1 s f> z x has _h effect at all4 ,9 realization ( detail he v]ges on ! ornam5tal1 9 8 rock outl9es he has all ! defici5cies & little ( ! feel+ ( ! e>li] m54 ,beh9d ! ,sacrifice = ! ,fri5ds ( ,giotto at ,pisa1 !re is a sweet piece ( rock incid5t1 a little f\nta9 break+ out at ! m\nta9 foot1 & trickl+ away1 its c\rse m>k$ by bran*es ( re$s1 ! latt] =mal en\gh c]ta9ly1 & always 9 triplets1 b /ill ) a s5se ( nature p]vad+ ! :ole :i* is utt]ly want+ to ! rocks ( ,leon>do 9 ! ,holy ,family 9 ! ,l\vre4 ,! latt] are grotesque )\t be+ ideal1 & extraord9>y )\t be+ impressive4 ,! sket* 9 ! ,uffizii ( ,flor5ce has "s f9e foliage1 & !re is ( c\rse a c]ta9 virtue 9 all ! "w ( a man l ,leon>do :i* ,i w\ld n depreciate1 b our admiration ( x 9 ?is p>ticul> field mu/ be qualifi$1 & our foll[+ cauti\s4 ,no advances 7 made 9 l&scape1 s f> z ,i "k1 aft] ! "t ( ,t9toret2 ! p[] ( art ebb$ gradually away f ! d]ivative s*ools2 v>i\s degrees ( clev]ness or feel+ be+ manife/$ 9 m or less brilliant conv5tionalism4 ,i once suppos$ !re 0 "s life 9 ! l&scape ( ,dom5i*9o1 b 9 ?is ,i mu/ h be5 wrong4 ,! man :o pa9t$ ! ,madonna del ,ros>io & ,m>tyrdom ( ,/4 ,agnes 9 ! gall]y ( ,bologna1 is palpably incapable ( do+ any?+ good1 great1 or "r 9 any field1 way1 or k9d1 :atsoev]4#h ,sec4 #ad4 ,claude1 ,salvator1 & ! ,p\ss9s4 ,?\gh1 h[ev]1 at ?is p]iod ! g5]al grasp ( ! s*ools 0 p]petually contract+1 a gift 0 giv5 to ! _w by ,claude1 = :i* we are p]haps h>dly en\gh grateful1 ow+ to ! v frequ5cy ( our aft] enjoym5t ( x4 ,he set ! sun 9 heav51 & 01 ,i suppose1 ! fir/ :o attempt$ any?+ l ! realization ( actual sun%9e 9 mi/y air4 ,he gives ! fir/ example ( ! /udy ( nature = h] own sake1 & all[+ = ! un=tunate circum/ances ( 8 education1 & = 8 evid5t inf]iority ( intellect1 m c\ld h>dly h be5 expect$ f him4 ,8 false ta/e1 =c$ composition1 & ignorant r5d]+ ( detail h p]haps be5 ( m detrim5t to art ?an ! gift he gave 0 ( advantage4 ,! "* ( 8 own m9d is s+ul>2 ,i "k ( no o!r in/ance ( a man's work+ f nature cont9ually ) ! desire ( be+ true1 & nev] atta9+ ! p[] ( draw+ s mu* z a b\gh ( a tree rightly4 ,salvator1 a man orig9ally end[$ ) f> high] p[] ( m9d ?an ,claude1 0 altoge!r unfai?ful to 8 mission1 & has left u1 ,i believe1 no gift4 ,ev]y?+ t he did is evid5tly = ! sake ( exhibit+ 8 own dext]ity2 !re is no love ( any k9d = any?+2 8 *oice ( l&scape features is dictat$ by no delight 9 ! sublime1 b by m]e animal re/lessness or f]ocity1 guid$ by an imag9ative p[] ( :i* he c\ld n altoge!r deprive himself4 ,he has done no?+ :i* o!rs h n done bett]1 or :i* x w\ld n h be5 bett] n to h done2 9 nature1 he mi/akes di/ortion = en]gy1 & savag5ess = sublimity2 9 man1 m5dicity = sanctity1 & conspiracy = h]oism4 ,! l&scape ( ,nicolo ,p\ss9 %[s mu* p[]1 & is usually compos$ & elaborat$ on "r pr9ciples1 7comp>e preface to second edition17 b ,i am aw>e ( no?+ t x has atta9$ ( new or peculi> excell5ce2 x is a graceful mixture ( qualities to be f\nd 9 o!r ma/]s 9 high] degrees4 ,9 f9i% x is inf]ior to ,leon>do's1 9 inv5tion to ,giorgione's1 9 tru? to ,titian's1 9 grace to ,raffaelle's4 ,! l&scapes ( ,gasp> h s]i\s feel+ & (t5 valuable & solemn color2 virtueless o!rwise1 !y are full ( ! mo/ degrad$ mann]ism1 & ,i believe ! admiration ( !m to h be5 productive ( ext5sive evil among rec5t s*ools4 ,sec4 #ae4 ,g]man & ,flemi% l&scape4 ,! developm5t ( l&scape nor? ( ! ,alps1 pres5ts u ) ! same g5]al phases "u modifications dep5d5t p>tly on less int5sity ( feel+1 p>tly on dim9i%$ availabl5ess ( l&scape mat]ial4 ,t ( ! religi\s pa9t]s is treat$ ) ! same affectionate completion2 b exub]ance ( fancy sometimes dim9i%es ! influ5ce ( ! imag9ation1 & ! abs5ce ( ! ,italian =ce ( passion admits ( m pati5t & some:at less intellectual elaboration4 ,a morbid habit ( m9d is evid5t 9 _m1 seem+ to lose sight ( ! balance & relations ( ?+s1 s z to become int5se 9 trifles1 gloomily m9ute1 z 9 ,alb]t ,dur]2 & ?is m+l$ ) a fev]i% op]ation ( ! fancy1 :i* appe>s to result f c]ta9 habitual conditions ( bodily heal? r ?an ( m5tal culture1 7& ( :i* ! sickness )\t ! p[] is em95tly *>act]i/ic ( ! mod]n ,g]mans27 b ) all ?is !re are virtues ( ! v highe/ ord] 9 ^? s*ools1 & ,i regret t my k is insuffici5t to admit ( my giv+ any detail$ acc\nt ( !m4 ,9 ! l&scape ( ,rembr&t & ,rub5s1 we h ! nor!rn p>allel to ! p[] ( ! ,v5etians4 ,among ! et*+s & draw+s ( ,rembr&t1 l&scape ?\ghts may be f\nd n unwor?y ( ,titian1 & /udies f nature ( sublime fidelity2 b 8 sy/em ( *i>oscuro 0 inconsi/5t ) ! gladness1 & 8 peculi> modes ( feel+ ) ! grace1 ( nature2 nor f my pres5t k c ,i "n any "w on canvas 9 :i* he has c>ri$ out ! dignity ( 8 et*$ conceptions1 or exhibit$ any p]ceptiv5ess ( new tru?s4 ,n s ,rub5s1 :o p]haps furni%es u ) ! fir/ in/ances ( complete unconv5tional unaffect$ l&scape4 ,8 treatm5t is heal?y1 manly1 & rational1 n v affectionate1 yet (t5 condesc5d+ to m9ute & multitud9\s detail2 always z f> z x goes pure1 =cible1 & refre%+1 consummate 9 composition1 & m>vell\s 9 color4 ,9 ! ,pitti palace1 ! be/ ( its two ,rub5s l&scapes has be5 plac$ ne> a *>act]i/ic & highly-f9i%$ ,titian1 ! m>riage ( ,/4 ,ca!r9e4 ,b = ! gr&eur ( l9e & solemn feel+ 9 ! flock ( %eep1 & ! figures ( ! latt] "w1 ,i d\bt if all its gl[ & dep? ( tone c\ld support its ov]*>g$ gre5 & blue aga9/ ! op5 breezy sun%9e ( ! ,flem+4 ,i d n mean to rank ! art ( ,rub5s ) t ( ,titian1 b x is always to be rememb]$ t ,titian h>dly ev] pa9ts sun%9e1 b a c]ta9 opalesc5t twilight :i* has z mu* ( human emotion z ( imitative tru? 9 x1-- ,! cl\ds t ga!r r\nd ! sett+ sun ,d take a sob] color+ f an eye ,t ha? kept wat* o'er man's mortality3 & t art ( ?is k9d mu/ always be liable to "s appe>ance ( failure :5 comp>$ ) a less pa!tic /atem5t ( facts4 ,x is to be not$1 h[ev]1 t ! lic5ses tak5 by ,rub5s 9 p>ticul> in/ances are z bold z 8 g5]al /atem5ts are s9c]e4 ,9 ! l&scape j in/anc$ ! horizon is an oblique l9e2 9 ! ,sunset ( our own gall]y _m ( ! %ad[s fall at "r angles to ! light2 & 9 a picture 9 ! ,dulwi* gall]y a ra9b[ is se5 by ! spectator at ! side ( ! sun4 ,^! bold & frank lic5ses are n to be consid]$ z detract+ f ! rank ( ! pa9t]2 !y are usually *>act]i/ic ( ^? m9ds ^: grasp ( nature is s c]ta9 & ext5sive z to enable !m fe>lessly to sacrifice a tru? ( actuality to a tru? ( feel+4 ,yet ! "y arti/ mu/ keep 9 m9d t ! pa9t]'s greatness consi/s n 9 8 tak+1 b 9 8 aton+ = !m4 ,sec4 #af4 ,! l[] ,dut* s*ools4 ,among ! pr(ess$ l&scapi/s ( ! ,dut* s*ool1 we f9d mu* dext]\s imitation ( c]ta9 k9ds ( nature1 rem>kable usually = its p]sev]+ rejection ( :atev] is great1 valuable1 or affect+ 9 ! object /udi$4 ,:]e1 h[ev]1 !y %[ real desire to pa9t :at !y saw z f> z !y saw x1 !re is ( c\rse mu* 9 !m t is in/ructive1 z 9 ,cuyp & 9 ! et*+s ( ,wat]loo1 :i* h ev5 v sweet & g5u9e feel+2 & s 9 "s ( _! ar*itectural pa9t]s4 ,b ! object ( ! great body ( !m is m]ely to display manual dext]ities ( "o k9d or ano!r1 & _! effect on ! public m9d is s totally = evil1 t ?\gh ,i d n d5y ! advantage an arti/ ( real judgm5t may d]ive f ! /udy ( "s ( !m1 ,i conceive ! be/ patronage t any mon>* c\ld possibly be/[ ^u ! arts1 w\ld be to collect ! :ole body ( !m into a gr& gall]y & burn x to ! gr\nd4 ,sec4 #ag4 ,engli% s*ool1 ,wilson & ,ga9sbor\gh4 ,pass+ to ! ,engli% s*ool1 we f9d a connect+ l9k betwe5 !m & ! ,italians =m$ by ,ri*>d ,wilson4 ,_h ?is arti/ /udi$ "u favorable circum/ances1 !re is evid5ce ( 8 hav+ possess$ p[] en\gh to produce an orig9al picture2 b1 corrupt$ by /udy ( ! ,p\ss9s1 & ga!r+ 8 mat]ials *iefly 9 _! field1 ! di/rict ab\t ,rome--a di/rict especially unfavorable1 z exhibit+ no pure or heal?y nature1 b a diseas$ & ov]gr[n ,flora among half-develop$ volcanic rocks1 loose calc>e\s concretions1 & m\ld]+ wrecks ( build+s--& ^: _s1 ,i conceive1 to be especially oppos$ to ! natural tone ( ! ,engli% m9d1 8 orig9ality 0 altoge!r ov]p[]$1 &1 ?\gh he pa9ts 9 a manly way & occasionally rea*es exquisite tones ( color1 z 9 ! small & v preci\s picture belong+ to ,mr4 ,rog]s1 & sometimes manife/s "s fre%ness ( feel+1 z 9 ! ,villa ( ,maec5as ( our ,national ,gall]y1 yet 8 pictures are 9 g5]al m]e dilut$ adaptations f ,p\ss9 & ,salvator1 )\t ! dignity ( ! "o or ! fire ( ! o!r4 ,n s ,ga9sbor\gh1 a great "n 8 :e!r ( ! ,engli% or any o!r s*ool4 ,! greate/ colori/ s9ce ,rub5s1 & ! la/1 ,i ?9k1 ( legitimate colori/s2 t is to say1 ( ^? :o 7 fully acqua9t$ ) ! p[] ( _! mat]ial2 pure 9 8 ,engli% feel+1 pr(\nd 9 8 s]i\sness1 graceful 9 8 gayety1 !re are nev]!less c]ta9 d$uctions to be made f 8 wor?9ess :i* yet ,i dread to make1 because my k ( 8 l&scape works is n ext5sive en\gh to ju/ify me 9 speak+ ( !m decisively2 b ?is is to be not$ ( all t ,i "k1 t !y are r motives ( feel+ & color ?an e>ne/ /udies2 t _! execution is 9 "s degree mann]$1 & always ha/y2 t !y are altoge!r want+ 9 ! affectionate detail ( :i* ,i h already spok52 & t _! color is 9 "s measure dep5d5t on a bitum9\s br[n & conv5tional gre5 :i* h m ( sci5ce ?an ( tru? 9 !m4 ,^! faults may be suffici5tly not$ 9 ! magnific5t picture pres5t$ by him to ! ,royal ,academy1 & te/$ by a comp>ison ( x ) ! ,turn] 7,llanb]is17 9 ! same room4 ,no?+ c be m attractively lum9\s or a]ial ?an ! di/ance ( ! ,ga9sbor\gh1 no?+ m bold or inv5tive ?an ! =ms ( its crags & ! diffusion ( ! broad di/ant light ^u !m1 :]e a vulg> arti/ w\ld h ?r[n !m into d>k contra/4 ,b x w be f\nd t ! light ( ! di/ance is br\ght out by a viol5t exagg]ation ( ! gloom 9 ! valley2 t ! =ms ( ! gre5 trees :i* be> ! *ief light are c>eless & ineffective2 t ! m>k+s ( ! crags are equally ha/y2 & t no object 9 ! =egr\nd has realization en\gh to enable ! eye to re/ ^u x4 ,! ,turn]1 a mu* feebl] picture 9 its fir/ impression1 & altoge!r inf]ior 9 ! quality & value ( its individual hues1 w yet be f\nd to ! end m =cible1 because unexagg]at$2 its gloom is mod]ate & a]ial1 its light deep 9 tone1 its color entirely unconv5tional1 & ! =ms ( its rocks /udi$ ) ! mo/ devot$ c>e4 ,) ,ga9sbor\gh t]m9ates ! s]ies ( pa9t]s connect$ ) ! eld] s*ools4 ,by :om1 among ^? yet liv+ or lately lo/1 ! impulse 0 fir/ giv5 to mod]n l&scape1 ,i attempt n to decide4 ,su* que/ions are r invidi\s ?an int]e/+2 ! p>ticul> tone or direction ( any s*ool seems to me always to h result$ r f c]ta9 phases ( national "*1 limit$ to p>ticul> p]iods1 ?an f individual tea*+2 &1 especially among mod]ns1 :at has be5 good 9 ea* ma/] has be5 commonly orig9al4 ,sec4 #ah4 ,con/able1 ,calcott4 ,i h already allud$ to ! simplicity & e>ne/ness ( ! m9d ( ,con/able2 to its vigor\s rupture ) s*ool laws1 & to its un=tunate error on ! opposite side4 ,untea*abl5ess seems to h be5 a ma9 feature ( 8 "*1 & !re is correspond+ want ( v5]ation 9 ! way he approa*es nature h]self4 ,8 e>ly education & associations 7 also aga9/ him2 !y induc$ 9 him a morbid pref]5ce ( subjects ( a l[ ord]4 ,i h nev] se5 any "w ( 8 9 :i* !re 7 any signs ( 8 be+ able to draw1 & h5ce ev5 ! mo/ necess>y details are pa9t$ by him ineffici5tly4 ,8 works are also em95tly want+ bo? 9 re/ & ref9em5t1 & ,fuseli's je/+ complim5t is too true2 = ! %[]y wea!r 9 :i* ! arti/ delights1 misses alike ! maje/y ( /orm & ! lovel9ess ( calm wea!r3 x is great-coat wea!r1 & no?+ m4 ,!re is /range want ( dep? 9 ! m9d :i* has no pleasure 9 sunbeams b :5 pi]c+ pa9fully ?r\gh cl\ds1 nor 9 foliage b :5 %ak5 by ! w9d1 nor 9 light itself b :5 flick]+1 gli/5+1 re/less1 & feeble4 ,yet1 ) all ^! d$uctions1 8 works are to be deeply respect$ z ?or\ghly orig9al1 ?or\ghly hone/1 free f affectation1 manly 9 mann]1 frequ5tly successful 9 cool color1 & especially realiz+ c]ta9 motives ( ,engli% sc5]y ) p]haps z mu* affection z su* sc5]y1 unless :5 reg>d$ ?r\gh m$ia ( feel+ d]iv$ f high] s\rces1 is calculat$ to inspire4 ,on ! works ( ,calcott1 high z 8 reputation /&s1 ,i %\ld look ) f> less respect2 ,i see n any pref]5ce or affection 9 ! arti/2 !re is no t5d5cy 9 him ) :i* we c sympa?ize1 nor does !re appe> any sign ( aspiration1 ef=t1 or enjoym5t 9 any "o ( 8 works4 ,he appe>s to h complet$ !m me?odically1 to h be5 cont5t ) !m :5 complet$1 to h ?\ght !m good1 legitimate1 regul> pictures2 p]haps 9 "s respects bett] ?an nature4 ,he pa9t$ ev]y?+ tol]ably1 & no?+ excell5tly2 he has giv5 u no gift1 /ruck = u no light1 & ?\gh he has produc$ "o or two valuable works1 ( :i* ! f9e/ ,i "k is ! ,m>9e 9 ! possession ( ,sir ,j4 ,sw9burne1 !y w1 ,i believe1 9 future h no place among ^? consid]$ repres5tative ( ! ,engli% s*ool4 ,sec4 #ai4 ,peculi> t5d5cy ( rec5t l&scape4 ,?r\gh\t ! range ( eld] art x w be rememb]$ we h f\nd no in/ance ( ! fai?ful pa9t+ ( m\nta9 sc5]y1 except 9 a fad$ backgr\nd ( ,masaccio's3 no?+ m ?an rocky em95ces1 undulat+ hills1 or fanta/ic crags1 & ev5 ^! treat$ altoge!r "u typical =ms4 ,! m specific /udy ( m\nta9s seems to h co9cid$ ) ! mo/ dext]\s practice ( wat]-color2 b x admits ( d\bt :e!r ! *oice ( subject has be5 direct$ by ! vehicle1 or :e!r1 z ,i r ?9k1 ! t5d5cy ( national feel+ has be5 foll[$ 9 ! use ( ! mo/ appropriate means4 ,some?+ is to be attribut$ to ! increas$ dem& = slight] works ( art1 & mu* to ! s5se ( ! quality ( objects n[ call$ picturesque1 :i* appe>s to be exclusively ( mod]n orig94 ,f :at feel+ ! "* ( middle-age ar*itecture & co/ume arose1 or ) :at k9d ( affection _! =ms 7 reg>d$ by ! inv5tors1 ,i am utt]ly unable to guess2 b ( ?is ,i ?9k we may be assur$1 t ! natural in/9ct & *ild-l wisdom ( ^? days 7 altoge!r diff]5t f ! mod]n feel+1 :i* appe>s to h tak5 its orig9 9 ! abs5ce ( su* objects1 & to be bas$ r on ! /rang5ess ( _! occurr5ce ?an on any real affection = !m2 & :i* is c]ta9ly s %all[ & ineffective z to be in/antly & always sacrific$ by ! majority to fa%ion1 com=t1 or economy4 ,yet ,i tru/ t !re is a heal?y ?\gh feeble love ( nature m+l$ ) x1 nature pure1 sep>ate1 felicit\s1 :i* is also peculi> to ! mod]ns2 & z signs ( ?is feel+1 or m9i/]s to x1 ,i look ) v5]ation ^u _m works :i*1 9 a te*nical po9t ( view1 are ( m9or importance4 ,sec4 #bj4 ,g4 ,robson1 ,d4 ,cox4 ,false use ( ! t]m /yle4 ,i h be5 myself indebt$ = mu* tea*+ & m delight to ^? ( ! late ,g4 ,robson4 ,weaknesses !re are 9 !m manifold1 mu* bad draw+1 mu* =c$ color1 mu* ov] f9i%1 little ( :at arti/s call composition2 b !re is ?or\gh affection = ! ?+ drawn2 !y are s]i\s & quiet 9 ! highe/ degree1 c]ta9 qualities ( atmosph]e & texture 9 !m h nev] be5 excell$1 & c]ta9 facts ( m\nta9 sc5]y nev] b by !m express$1 z1 = in/ance1 ! /illness & dep? ( ! m\nta9 t>ns1 ) ! rev]s$ imag]y ( _! d>kness sign$ across by ! s(t l9es ( fa9tly t\*+ w9ds2 ! solemn flu% ( ! br[n f]n & gl[+ hea? "u ev5+ light2 ! purple mass ( m\nta9s f> remov$1 se5 aga9/ cle> /ill twilight4 ,) equal gratitude ,i look to ! draw+s ( ,david ,cox1 :i*1 9 spite ( _! loose & seem+ly c>eless execution1 are n less s]i\s 9 _! mean+1 nor less important 9 _! tru?4 ,i mu/1 h[ev]1 9 review+ ^? mod]n works 9 :i* c]ta9 modes ( execution are p>ticul>ly manife/$1 insi/ especially on ?is g5]al pr9ciple1 applicable to all times ( art2 t :at is usually call$ ! /yle or mann] ( an arti/ is1 9 all good art1 no?+ b ! be/ means ( gett+ at ! p>ticul> tru? :i* ! arti/ want$2 x is n a mode peculi> to himself ( gett+ at ! same tru?s z o!r m51 b ! only mode ( gett+ ! p>ticul> facts he desires1 & :i* mode1 if o!rs _h desir$ to express ^? facts1 !y also mu/ h adopt$4 ,all habits ( execution p]si/$ 9 "u no su* necessity1 b because ! arti/ has inv5t$ !m1 or desires to %[ 8 dext]ity 9 !m1 are utt]ly base2 = e good pa9t] f9ds s mu* difficulty 9 rea*+ ! end he sees & desires1 t he has no "t nor p[] left = play+ tricks on ! road to x2 he cat*es at ! easie/ & be/ means he c get2 x is possible t su* means may be s+ul>1 & !n x w be said t 8 /yle is /range2 b x is n a /yle at all1 x is ! say+ ( a p>ticul> ?+ 9 ! only way 9 :i* x possibly c be said4 ,?us ! re$ p5 outl9e & peculi> t\* ( ,pr\t1 :i* are frequ5tly consid]$ z m]e mann]1 are 9 fact ! only means ( express+ ! crumbl+ "* ( /one :i* ! arti/ loves & desires4 ,t "* nev] has be5 express$ except by him1 nor w x ev] be express$ except by 8 means4 ,& x is ( ! greate/ importance to di/+ui% ?is k9d ( necess>y & virtu\s mann] f ! conv5tional mann]s v frequ5t 9 d]ivative s*ools1 & always utt]ly to be contemn$1 :]e9 an arti/1 desir+ no?+ & feel+ no?+1 executes ev]y?+ 9 8 own p>ticul> mode1 & tea*es emul\s s*ol>s h[ to d ) difficulty :at might h be5 done ) ease4 ,x is true t !re are sometimes in/ances 9 :i* great ma/]s h employ$ diff]5t means ( gett+ at ! same end1 b 9 ^! cases _! *oice has be5 always ( ^? :i* to !m appe>$ ! %orte/ & mo/ complete2 _! practice has nev] be5 prescrib$ by affectation or cont9u$ f habit1 except s f> z mu/ be expect$ f su* weakness z is common to all m52 f h&s t necess>ily d mo/ readily :at !y are mo/ accu/om$ to d1 & m9ds always liable to prescribe to ! h&s t :i* !y c d mo/ readily4 ,! recollection ( ?is w keep u f be+ (f5d$ ) ! loose & blott$ h&l+ ( ,david ,cox4 ,!re is no o!r means by :i* 8 object c\ld be atta9$4 ,! loos5ess1 coolness1 & moi/ure ( 8 h]bage2 ! ru/l+ crumpl$ fre%ness ( 8 broad-leav$ we$s2 ! play ( pleasant light across 8 deep hea!r$ moor or pla%+ s&2 ! melt+ ( fragm5ts ( :ite mi/ into ! dropp+ blue above2 all ?is has n be5 fully record$ except by him1 & :at !re is ( accid5tal 9 8 mode ( rea*+ x1 answ]s gracefully to ! accid5tal "p ( nature h]self4 ,yet he is capable ( m ?an ?is1 & if he suff]s himself uni=mly to pa9t b5ea? 8 capability1 t :i* began 9 feel+ mu/ necess>ily end 9 mann]4 ,he pa9ts too _m small pictures1 & p]haps has ( late p]mitt$ 8 peculi> execution to be m manife/ ?an is necess>y4 ,( ?is1 he is himself ! be/ judge4 ,= almo/ all faults ( ?is k9d ! public are answ]able1 n ! pa9t]4 ,i h allud$ to "o ( 8 gr&] works--su* z ,i %\ld wi% always to see him pa9t--9 ! preface2 ano!r1 ,i ?9k /ill f9]1 a r$ sunset on di/ant hills1 almo/ unequall$ = tru? & p[] ( color1 0 pa9t$ by him sev]al ye>s ago1 & rema9s1 ,i believe1 9 8 own possession4 ,sec4 #ba4 ,copley ,field+4 ,ph5om5a ( di/ant color4 ,! des]v$ popul>ity ( ,copley ,field+ has r5d]$ x less necess>y = me to allude frequ5tly to 8 works 9 ! foll[+ pages ?an x w\ld o!rwise h be51 m especially z my own sympa?ies & enjoym5ts are s entirely direct$ 9 ! *annel :i* 8 art has tak51 t ,i am afraid ( tru/+ !m too f>4 ,yet ,i may1 p]haps1 be p]mitt$ to speak ( myself s f> z ,i suppose my own feel+s to be repres5tative ( ^? ( a class2 & ,i suppose t !re are _m :o1 l myself1 at "s p]iod ( _! life h d]iv$ m int5se & heal?y pleasure f ! works ( ?is pa9t] ?an ( any o!r :atsoev]2 heal?y1 because always bas$ on 8 fai?ful & simple r5d]+ ( nature1 & t ( v lovely & impressive nature1 altoge!r fre$ f co>s5ess1 viol5ce1 or vulg>ity4 ,v>i\s ref]5ces to t :i* he has atta9$ w be f\nd subsequ5tly3 :at ,i am n[ ab\t to say respect+ :at he has n atta9$1 is n 9 depreciation ( :at he has accompli%$1 b 9 regret at 8 suff]+ p[]s ( a high ord] to rema9 9 any measure dormant4 ,he indulges himself too mu* 9 ! use ( crude color4 ,pure cobalt1 viol5t rose1 & purple1 are ( frequ5t occurr5ce 9 8 di/ances2 pure si5nas & o!r br[ns 9 8 =egr\nds1 & t n z expressive ( light$ b ( local color4 ,! read] w f9d 9 ! foll[+ *apt]s t ,i am no advocate = subdu$ color+2 b crude color is n bright color1 & !re 0 nev] a noble or brilliant "w ( color yet produc$1 ^: real =m did n dep5d on ! subdu+ ( its t9ts r ?an ! elevation ( !m4 ,x is p]haps "o ( ! mo/ difficult lessons to le>n 9 art1 t ! w>m colors ( di/ance1 ev5 ! mo/ gl[+1 are subdu$ by ! air s z 9 no wise to resemble ! same color se5 on a =egr\nd object2 s t ! rose ( sunset on cl\ds or m\nta9s has a gray 9 x :i* di/+ui%es x f ! rose color ( ! leaf ( a fl[]2 & ! m+l+ ( ?is gray ( di/ance1 )\t 9 ! slighte/ degree tak+ away ! expression ( ! int5se & p]fect purity ( ! color 9 & by itself1 is p]haps ! la/ atta9m5t ( ! great l&scape colori/4 ,9 ! same way ! blue ( di/ance1 h[ev] int5se1 is n ! blue ( a bright blue fl[]1 & x is n di/+ui%$ f x by diff]5t texture m]ely1 b by a c]ta9 int]mixture & "u curr5t ( w>m color1 :i* is altoge!r want+ 9 _m ( ! blues ( ,field+'s di/ances2 & s ( e bright di/ant color2 :ile 9 =egr\nd :]e colors may be1 & ought to be1 pure1 yet t any ( !m are expressive ( light is only to be felt :]e !re is ! accurate fitt+ ( !m to _! relative %ad[s :i* we f9d 9 ! works ( ,giorgione1 ,titian1 ,t9toret1 ,v]onese1 ,turn]1 & all o!r great colori/s 9 proportion z !y are s4 ,( ?is fitt+ ( light to %ad[ ,field+ is altoge!r reg>dless1 s t 8 =egr\nds are con/antly assum+ ! aspect ( ov]*>g$ local color in/ead ( sun%9e1 & 8 figures & cattle look transp>5t4 ,sec4 #bb4 ,beauty ( m\nta9 =egr\nd4 ,aga91 ! f9i%+ ( ,field+'s =egr\nds1 z reg>ds _! draw+1 is m9ute )\t accuracy1 multitud9\s )\t ?\ght1 & confus$ )\t my/]y4 ,:]e execution is se5 to be 9 measure accid5tal1 z 9 ,cox1 x may be receiv$ z repres5tative ( :at is accid5tal 9 nature2 b !re is no "p ( ,field+'s =egr\nd t is accid5tal2 x is evid5tly work$ & rework$1 dott$1 rubb$1 & f9i%$ ) great labor1 & :]e ! virtue1 playfulness1 & fre$om ( accid5t are ?us remov$1 "o ( two virtues mu/ be sub/itut$ = !m4 ,ei!r we mu/ h ! deeply /udi$ & imag9ative =egr\nd1 ( :i* e "p is necess>y to e o!r1 & ^: e sp>k ( light is ess5tial to ! well-be+ ( ! :ole1 ( :i* ! =egr\nds ( ,turn] 9 ! ,lib] ,/udiorum are ! mo/ em95t examples ,i "k1 or else we mu/ h 9 "s measure ! botanical fai?fulness & realization ( ! e>ly ma/]s4 ,nei!r ( ^! virtues is to be f\nd 9 ,field+'s4 ,its features1 ?\gh gr\p$ ) feel+1 are yet scatt]$ & iness5tial4 ,any "o ( !m might be alt]$ 9 _m ways )\t do+ h>m2 !re is no proportion$1 necess>y1 unalt]able relation among !m2 no evid5ce ( inv5tion or ( c>eful ?\ght1 :ile on ! o!r h& !re is no botanical or geological accuracy1 nor any po9t on :i* ! eye may re/ ) ?or\gh cont5tm5t 9 its realization4 ,x seems /range t to an arti/ ( s quick feel+ ! details ( a m\nta9 =egr\nd %\ld n prove irresi/ibly attractive1 & entice him to great] accuracy ( /udy4 ,!re is n a fragm5t ( its liv+ rock1 nor a tuft ( its hea!ry h]bage1 t has n adorable manife/ations ( ,god's work+ !reupon4 ,! h>monies ( color among ! native li*5s are bett] ?an ,titian's2 ! int]wov5 bells ( campanula & hea!r are bett] ?an all ! arabesques ( ! ,vatican2 !y ne$ no improvem5t1 arrangem5t1 nor alt]ation1 no?+ b love1 & e comb9ation ( !m is diff]5t f e o!r1 s t a pa9t] ne$ nev] repeat himself if he w only be true2 yet all ^! s\rces ( p[] h be5 ( late entirely neglect$ by ,field+2 !re is evid5ce ?r\gh all 8 =egr\nds ( _! be+ m]e home inv5tions1 & l all home inv5tions !y exhibit p]petual resemblances & repetitions2 ! pa9t] is evid5tly emb>rass$ )\t 8 rutt$ road 9 ! middle1 & 8 boggy pool at ! side1 :i* pool he has ( late pa9t$ 9 h>d l9es ( viol5t blue3 !re is n a /one1 ev5 ( ! ne>e/ & mo/ important1 :i* has its real li*5s ^u x1 or a /udi$ =m or any?+ m to occupy ! m9d ?an c]ta9 v>iations ( d>k & light br[ns4 ,! same faults mu/ be f\nd ) 8 pres5t pa9t+ ( foliage1 nei!r ! /ems nor leafage be+ ev] /udi$ f nature2 & ?is is ! m to be regrett$1 because 9 ! e>li] works ( ! arti/ !re 0 mu* admirable draw+1 & ev5 yet 8 p[] is occasionally develop$ 9 8 l>g] works1 z 9 a ,bolton ,abbey on canvas1 :i* 01--,i _c say1 exhibit$1--b 0 9 ! rooms ( ! ,royal ,academy 9 #ahdc4i ,i %\ld h made ! prec$+ rem>ks ) m hesitation & diffid5ce1 b t1 f a comp>ison ( works ( ?is k9d ) ! slight] ornam5ts ( ! wat]-color rooms1 x seems evid5t t ! pa9t] is n unaw>e ( ! defici5cies ( ^! latt]1 & conc$es some?+ ( :at he w\ld himself desire to :at he has f\nd to be ! feel+ ( a majority ( 8 admir]s4 ,?is is a dang]\s mode/y1 & especially s 9 ^! days :5 ! judgm5t ( ! _m is palpably z artificial z _! feel+ is cold4 ,sec4 #bc4 ,de ,w9t4 ,!re is mu* t is in/ructive & des]v+ ( high praise 9 ! sket*es ( ,de ,w9t4 ,yet x is to be rememb]$ t ev5 ! pursuit ( tru?1 h[ev] det]m9$1 w h results limit$ & imp]fect :5 its *ief motive is ! pride ( be+ true2 & ,i fe> t ^! works1 sublime z _m ( !m h unque/ionably be51 te/ify m accuracy ( eye & exp]i5ce ( color ?an ex]cise ( ?\ght4 ,_! tru? ( effect is (t5 pur*as$ at too great an exp5se by ! loss ( all beauty ( =m1 & ( ! high] ref9em5ts ( color2 defici5cies1 h[ev]1 on :i* ,i %all n insi/1 s9ce ! value ( ! sket*es1 z f> z !y g1 is great2 !y h done good s]vice & set good example1 & :atev] _! fail+s may be1 !re is evid5ce 9 !m t ! pa9t] has always done :at he believ$ to be "r4 ,sec4 #bd4 ,influ5ce ( ,engrav+4 ,j4 ,d4 ,h>d+4 ,! influ5ce ( ! ma/]s ( :om we h hi!rto spok5 is conf9$ to ^? :o h access to _! actual works1 s9ce ! p>ticul> qualities 9 :i* !y excel1 are 9 no wise to be r5d]$ by ! engrav]4 ,^? ( :om we h next to speak are kn[n to ! public 9 a great measure by ! help ( ! engrav]2 & :ile _! influ5ce is ?us v f> ext5d$1 _! modes ( work+ are p]haps1 9 "s degree modifi$ by ! habitual ref]5ce to ! future translation into light & %ade2 ref]5ce :i* is inde$ b5eficial 9 ! c>e x induces respect+ ! arrangem5t ( ! *i>oscuro & ! explanation ( ! =ms1 b :i* is h>mful1 s f> z x involves a dep5d5ce r on quantity ( picturesque mat]ial ?an on sub/antial color or simple treatm5t1 & z x admits ( indol5t dim9ution ( size & slightness ( execution4 ,we %\ld n be j to ! pres5t works ( ,j4 ,d4 ,h>d+ unless we took ?is influ5ce into acc\nt4 ,"s ye>s back none ( our arti/s realiz$ m labori\sly1 nor obta9$ m sub/antial color & texture2 a l>ge draw+ 9 ! possession ( ,b4 ,g4 ,w9dus1 ,esq41 ( ,tott5ham1 is ( great value z an example ( 8 mann] at ! p]iod2 a mann] n only c>eful1 b e>ne/1 & free f any k9d ( affectation4 ,p>tly f ! habit ( mak+ slight & small draw+s = engrav]s1 & p>tly also1 ,i imag9e1 f an ov]/ra9$ seek+ aft] appe>ances ( dext]ity 9 execution1 8 draw+s h ( late ye>s become bo? less solid & less complete2 n1 h[ev]1 )\t atta9+ c]ta9 brilliant qualities 9 ex*ange :i* are v valuable 9 ! treatm5t ( "s ( ! loos] portions ( subject4 ,( ! ext5d$ k & v>i\s p[]s ( ?is pa9t]1 frequ5t in/ances are not$ 9 ! foll[+ pages4 ,nei!r1 p]haps1 are rightly e/imat$ among arti/s1 ow+ to a c]ta9 coldness ( s5tim5t 9 8 *oice ( subject1 & a cont9ual pref]5ce ( ! picturesque to ! impressive2 prov$ p]haps 9 no?+ s di/9ctly z 9 ! little int]e/ usually atta*$ to 8 skies1 :i*1 if a]ial & expressive ( space & movem5t1 cont5t him1 ?\gh de/itute ( /ory1 p[]1 or "*3 an exception mu/ be made 9 favor ( ! v gr& sunrise on ! ,swiss ,alps1 exhibit$ 9 #ahdd1 :]e9 ! arti/'s real p[] 0 9 "s measure display$1 ?\gh ,i am conv9c$ he is /ill capable ( do+ f> great] ?+s4 ,s 9 8 foliage he is apt to sacrifice ! dignity ( 8 trees to _! wildness1 & lose ! =e/ 9 ! copse1 nei!r is he at all accurate en\gh 9 8 expression ( species or realization ( ne> portions4 ,^! are defici5cies1 be x obs]v$1 ( s5tim5t1 n ( p]ception1 z !re are few :o equal him 9 rapidity ( seizure ( mat]ial tru?4 ,sec4 #be4 ,samuel ,pr\t4 ,e>ly pa9t+ ( ar*itecture1 h[ defici5t4 ,v ext5sive influ5ce 9 mod]n art mu/ be attribut$ to ! works ( ,samuel ,pr\t2 & z !re are "s circum/ances belong+ to 8 treatm5t ( ar*itectural subject :i* x does n come )9 ! sph]e ( ! foll[+ *apt]s to exam9e1 ,i %all endeavor to note ! m important ( !m "h4 ,let u glance back = a mom5t to ! ar*itectural draw+ ( e>li] times4 ,be=e ! "t ( ! ,bell9is at ,v5ice1 & ( ,ghirl&ajo at ,flor5ce1 ,i believe !re are no examples ( any?+ beyond conv5tional repres5tation ( ar*itecture1 (t5 ri*1 qua9t1 & full ( int]e/1 z ,memmi's ab/ract ( ! ,duomo at ,flor5ce at ,sta4 ,m>ia ,novella2 b n to be class$ ) any g5u9e ef=ts at repres5tation4 ,x is mu* to be regrett$ t ! p[] & cu/om ( introduc+ well-drawn ar*itecture %\ld h tak5 place only :5 ar*itectural ta/e _h be5 itself corrupt$1 & t ! ar*itecture introduc$ by ,bell9i1 ,ghirl&ajo1 ,francia1 & ! o!r pati5t & p[]ful workm5 ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 is exclusively ( ! r5aissance /yles2 :ile _! draw+ ( x furni%es little t is ( mu* int]e/ to ! ar*itectural draughtsman z su*1 be+ always gov]n$ by a ref]5ce to its subord9ate position1 s t all =ceful %ad[ & play ( color are 7mo/ ju/ly7 surr5d]$ = quiet & uni=m hues ( gray & *i>oscuro ( extreme simplicity4 ,:atev] !y *ose to d !y did ) consummate gr&eur1 7note especially ! *i>oscuro ( ! squ>e w9d[ ( ,ghirl&ajo's :i* s mu* delight$ ,vas>i 9 ,sta4 ,m>ia ,novella2 & ! d>+ managem5t ( a piece ( ! p]spective 9 ! ,salutation1 opposite :]e he has pa9t$ a flight ( /airs desc5d+ 9 front1 ?\gh ! picture is twelve feet above ! eye72 & yet ?is gr&eur1 9 all ^! m51 results r f ! g5]al p[] obta9$ 9 _! draw+ ( ! figure ?an f any def9ite k respect+ ! ?+s introduc$ 9 ^! accessory p>ts2 s t :ile 9 "s po9ts x is impossible = any pa9t] to equal ^! accessories1 unless he 7 9 all respects z great z ,ghirl&ajo or ,bell9i1 9 o!rs x is possible = him1 ) f> inf]ior p[]s1 to atta9 a repres5tation bo? m accurate & m int]e/+4 ,9 ord] to arrive at ! k ( ^!1 we mu/ briefly take note ( a few ( ! modes 9 :i* ar*itecture itself is agreeable to ! m9d1 especially ( ! influ5ce ^u ! "* ( ! build+ :i* is to be attribut$ to ! signs ( age4 ,sec4 #bf4 ,effects ( age ^u build+s1 h[ f> desirable4 ,x is evid5t1 fir/1 t if ! design ( ! build+ be orig9ally bad1 ! only virtue x c ev] possess w be 9 signs ( antiquity4 ,all t 9 ?is _w enl>ges ! sph]e ( affection or imag9ation is to be rev]5c$1 & all ^? circum/ances enl>ge x :i* /r5g!n our memory or quick5 our conception ( ! dead2 h5ce x is no light s9 to de/roy any?+ t is old1 m especially because1 ev5 ) ! aid ( all obta9able records ( ! pa/1 we1 ! liv+1 occupy a space ( too l>ge importance & int]e/ 9 our own eyes2 we look ^u ! _w too mu* z our own1 too mu* z if we _h possess$ x & %\ld possess x =ev]1 & =get t x is a m]e ho/elry1 ( :i* we occupy ! ap>tm5ts = a "t1 :i* o!rs bett] ?an we h soj\rn$ 9 be=e1 :o are n[ :]e we %\ld desire to be ) !m4 ,=tunately = mank9d1 z "s c\nt]balance to t wret*$ love ( novelty :i* orig9ates 9 selfi%ness1 %all[ness1 & conceit1 & :i* especially *>act]izes all vulg> m9ds1 !re is set 9 ! deep] places ( ! he>t su* affection = ! signs ( age t ! eye is delight$ ev5 by injuries :i* are ! "w ( "t2 n b t !re is also real & absolute beauty 9 ! =ms & colors s obta9$1 = :i* ! orig9al l9es ( ! ar*itecture1 unless !y h be5 v gr& inde$1 are well ex*ang$1 s t !re is h>dly any build+ s ugly b t x may be made an agreeable object by su* appe>ances4 ,x w\ld n be easy1 = in/ance1 to f9d a less pleas+ piece ( ar*itecture ?an ! portion ( ! front ( ,que5's ,college1 ,ox=d1 :i* has j be5 re/or$2 yet ,i believe t few p]sons c\ld h look$ ) total indiff]5ce on ! m\ld]+ & peel$ surface ( ! oolite lime/one previ\s to its re/oration4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! "* ( ! build+ consi/ 9 m9ute detail or multitud9\s l9es1 ! evil or good effect ( age ^u x mu/ dep5d 9 great measure on ! k9d ( art1 ! mat]ial1 & ! climate4 ,! ,p>!non1 = in/ance1 w\ld be injur$ by any m>k+s :i* int]f]$ ) ! cont\rs ( its sculptures2 & any l9es ( extreme purity1 or colors ( orig9al h>mony & p]fection are liable to injury1 & are ill ex*ang$ = m\ld]+ edges or br[n wea!r/a9s4 ,b z all ar*itecture is1 or ought to be1 meant to be durable1 & to d]ive "p ( its glory f its antiquity1 all art t is liable to mortal injury f effects ( "t is !re9 out ( place1 & ?is is ano!r reason = ! pr9ciple ,i h ass]t$ 9 ! second "p1 page #bjd4 ,i d n at ?is in/ant recollect a s+le in/ance ( any v f9e build+ :i* is n improv$ up to a c]ta9 p]iod by all its signs ( age1 aft] :i* p]iod1 l all o!r human works1 x necess>ily decl9es1 its decl9e be+ 9 almo/ all ages & c\ntries accel]at$ by neglect & abuse 9 its "t ( beauty1 & alt]ation or re/oration 9 its "t ( age4 ,?us ,i conceive t all build+s dep5d5t on color1 :e!r ( mosaic or pa9t+1 h _! effect improv$ by ! ri*ness ( ! subsequ5t tones ( age2 = !re are few arrangem5ts ( color s p]fect b t !y are capable ( improvem5t by "s s(t5+ & bl5d+ ( ?is k9d3 ) mosaic1 ! improvem5t may be consid]$ z proce$+ almo/ s long z ! design c be di/9ctly se52 ) pa9t+1 s long z ! colors d n *ange or *ip (f4 ,aga91 ^u all =ms ( sculptural ornam5t1 ! effect ( "t is su*1 t if ! design be poor1 x w enri* x2 if ov]*>g$1 simplify x2 if h>% & viol5t1 s(t5 x2 if smoo? & obscure1 exhibit x2 :atev] faults x may h are rapidly disguis$1 :atev] virtue x has /ill %9es & /eals out 9 ! mell[ light2 & ?is to su* an ext5t1 t ! arti/ is always liable to be tempt$ to ! draw+ ( details 9 old build+s z ( extreme beauty1 :i* look cold & h>d 9 _! ar*itectural l9es2 & ,i h nev] yet se5 any re/oration or clean$ portion ( a build+ ^: effect 0 n inf]ior to ! wea!r$ p>ts1 ev5 to ^? ( :i* ! design _h 9 "s p>ts almo/ disappe>$4 ,on ! front ( ! *ur* ( ,san ,mi*ele at ,lucca1 ! mosaics h fall5 out ( half ! columns1 & lie 9 we$y ru9 b5ea?2 9 _m1 ! fro/ has torn l>ge masses ( ! entire coat+ away1 leav+ a sc>r$ unsightly surface4 ,two ( ! %afts ( ! upp] /> w9d[ are eat5 entirely away by ! sea w9d1 ! re/ h lo/ _! proportions1 ! edges ( ! ar*es are hack$ into deep holl[s1 & ca/ ind5t$ %ad[s on ! we$-gr[n wall4 ,! process has gone too f>1 & yet ,i d\bt n b t ?is build+ is se5 to great] advantage n[ ?an :5 fir/ built1 always ) exception ( "o circum/ance1 t ! ,fr5* %att]$ ! l[] :eel w9d[1 & set up 9 front ( x an escut*eon ) ,lib]tas ^u x1 :i* abom9ation ( desolation1 ! ,luc*ese h n yet _h human-he>t$ness en\gh to pull d[n4 ,putt+ !re=e ! application ( ar*itecture z an accessory out ( ! "q1 & suppos+ our object to be ! exhibition ( ! mo/ impressive qualities ( ! build+ itself1 x is evid5tly ! duty ( ! draughtsman to repres5t x "u ^? conditions1 & ) t am\nt ( age-m>k ^u x :i* may be/ exalt & h>monize ! s\rces ( its beauty3 ?is is no pursuit ( m]e picturesqu5ess1 x is true foll[+ out ( ! ideal "* ( ! build+2 nay1 f> great] dilapidation ?an ?is may 9 portions be exhibit$1 = !re are beauties ( o!r k9ds1 n o!rwise atta9able1 br\ght out by advanc$ dilapidation2 b :5 ! arti/ suff]s ! m]e love ( ru9\sness to int]f]e ) 8 p]ception ( ! art ( ! build+1 & sub/itutes rude fractures & blott+ /a9s = all its f9e *isell+ & det]m9$ color1 he has lo/ ! end ( 8 own art4 ,sec4 #bg4 ,effects ( light1 h[ necess>y to ! und]/&+ ( detail4 ,s f> ( ag+2 next ( effects ( light & color4 ,x is1 ,i believe1 h>dly en\gh obs]v$ among ar*itects t ! same decorations are ( totally diff]5t effect accord+ to _! position & ! "t ( day4 ,a m\ld+ :i* is ( value on a build+ fac+ s\?1 :]e x takes deep %ad[s f /eep sun1 may be utt]ly ineffective if plac$ we/ or ea/2 & a m\ld+ :i* is *a/e & intelligible 9 %ade on a nor? side1 may be grotesque1 vulg>1 or confus$ :5 x takes black %ad[s on ! s\?4 ,f>!r1 !re is a "t ( day 9 :i* e ar*itectural decoration is se5 to be/ advantage1 & c]ta9 times 9 :i* its peculi> =ce & "* are be/ expla9$2 ( ^! niceties ! ar*itect takes little cognizance1 z he mu/ 9 "s sort calculate on ! effect ( ornam5t at all times2 b to ! arti/ !y are ( inf9ite importance1 & especially = ?is reason1 t !re is always mu* detail on build+s :i* _c be drawn z su*1 :i* is too f> (f1 or too m9ute1 & :i* mu/ consequ5tly be set d[n 9 %ort-h& ( "s k9d or ano!r2 &1 z x 71 an ab/ract1 m or less philosophical1 made ( its g5]al heads4 ,( ! /yle ( ?is ab/ract1 ( ! lightness1 confusion1 & my/]y necess>y 9 x1 ,i h spok5 else:]e2 at pres5t ,i insi/ only on ! arrangem5t & matt] ( x4 ,all good ornam5t & all good ar*itecture are capable ( be+ put into %ort-h&2 t is1 ea* has a p]fect sy/em ( p>ts1 pr9cipal & subord9ate1 ( :i*1 ev5 :5 ! complem5tal details vani% 9 di/ance1 ! sy/em & anatomy yet rema9 visible s long z any?+ is visible2 s t ! divisions ( a beautiful spire %all be kn[n z beautiful ev5 till _! la/ l9e vani%es 9 blue mi/1 & ! effect ( a well-design$ m\ld+ %all be visibly discipl9$1 h>moni\s1 & inv5tive1 z long z x is se5 to be a m\ld+ at all4 ,n[ ! p[] ( ! arti/ ( m>k+ ?is "* dep5ds n on 8 complete k ( ! design1 b on 8 exp]im5tal k ( its sali5t & be>+ p>ts1 & ( ! effects ( light & %ad[1 by :i* _! sali5cy is be/ told4 ,he mu/ !re=e be prep>$1 accord+ to 8 subject1 to use light1 /eep or level1 int5se or feeble1 & out ( ! result+ *i>oscuro select ^? peculi> & h++ po9ts on :i* ! re/ are bas$1 & by :i* all else t is ess5tial may be expla9$4 ,! ?\ghtful comm& ( all ^! circum/ances con/itutes ! real ar*itectural draughtsman2 ! habits ( execut+ ev]y?+ ei!r "u "o k9d ( effect or 9 "o mann]1 or ( us+ un9telligible & mean+less ab/racts ( beautiful designs1 are ^? :i* mu/ commonly take ! place ( x & are ! mo/ ext5sively e/eem$4#aj ,sec4 #bh4 ,ar*itectural pa9t+ ( ,g5tile ,bell9i & ,vittor ,c>paccio2 ,let u n[ proce$ ) our review ( ^? arti/s :o h devot$ !mselves m peculi>ly to ar*itectural subject4 ,=emo/ among !m /& ,g5tile ,bell9i & ,vittor ,c>paccio1 to :om we are indebt$ = ! only exi/+ fai?ful /atem5ts ( ! ar*itecture ( ,old ,v5ice1 & :o are ! only au?orities to :om we c tru/ 9 conjectur+ ! =m] beauty ( ^? few desecrat$ fragm5ts1 ! la/ ( :i* are n[ be+ rapidly swept away by ! idiocy ( mod]n ,v5etians4 ,no?+ c be m c>eful1 no?+ m delicately f9i%$1 or m dignifi$ 9 feel+ ?an ! works ( bo? ^! m52 & z ar*itectural evid5ce !y are ! be/ we c\ld h _h1 all ! gild$ p>ts be+ gilt 9 ! picture1 s t !re c be no mi/ake or confusion ( !m ) yell[ color or light1 & all ! frescoes or mosaics giv5 ) ! mo/ absolute precision & fidelity4 ,at ! same "t !y are by no means examples ( p]fect ar*itectural draw+2 !re is little light & %ade 9 !m ( any k9d1 & none :atev] ( ! ?\ghtful obs]vance ( tempor>y effect ( :i* we h j be5 speak+2 s t1 9 r5d]+ ! "* ( ! reliev$ p>ts1 _! solidity1 dep?1 or gloom1 ! repres5tation fails altoge!r1 & x is moreov] lifeless f its v completion1 bo? ! signs ( age & ! effects ( use & habitation be+ utt]ly reject$2 rightly s1 inde$1 9 ^! in/ances1 7all ! ar*itecture ( ^! pa9t]s be+ 9 backgr\nd to religi\s subject17 b wrongly s1 if we look to ! ar*itecture alone4 ,nei!r is !re any?+ l a]ial p]spective attempt$2 ! employm5t ( actual gold 9 ! decoration ( all ! di/ances1 & ! entire realization ( _! details1 z f> z is possible on ! scale compell$ by p]spective1 be+ alone suffici5t to prev5t ?is1 except 9 ! h&s ( pa9t]s f> m practis$ 9 effect ?an ei!r ,g5tile or ,c>paccio4 ,b ) all ^! discrepancies1 ,g5tile ,bell9i's *ur* ( ,/4 ,m>k's is ! be/ *ur* ( ,/4 ,m>k's t has ev] be5 pa9t$1 s f> z ,i "k2 & ,i believe ! reconciliation ( true a]ial p]spective & *i>oscuro ) ! spl5dor & dignity obta9$ by ! real gild+ & elaborate detail1 is a problem yet to be accompli%$4 ,) ! help ( ! ,dagu]reotype1 & ! lessons ( color giv5 by ! lat] ,v5etians1 we ought n[ to be able to accompli% x1 m especially z ! "r use ( gold has be5 %[n u by ! greate/ ma/] ( effect :om ,v5ice h]self produc$1 ,t9toret1 :o has employ$ x ) inf9ite grace on ! /eps asc5d$ by ! "y ,madonna1 9 8 l>ge picture 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,madonna dell' ,orto4 ,p]ug9o uses x also ) s+ul> grace1 (t5 employ+ x = gold5 light on di/ant trees1 & cont9ually on ! high light ( hair1 & t )\t los+ relative di/ances4 ,sec4 #bi4 ,& ( ! ,v5etians g5]ally4 ,! great gr\p ( ,v5etian pa9t]s :o br\ght l&scape art1 = t "t1 to its culm9at+ po9t1 h left1 z we h already se51 little t is in/ructive 9 ar*itectural pa9t+4 ,! causes ( ?is ,i _c compreh5d1 = nei!r ,titian nor ,t9toret appe>s to despise any?+ t af=ds !m ei!r v>iety ( =m or ( color1 ! latt] especially condesc5d+ to v trivial details1--z 9 ! magnific5t c>pet pa9t+ ( ! ,doge ,moc5igo2 s t x might h be5 expect$ t 9 ! ri* colors ( ,/4 ,m>k's1 & ! magnific5t & fanta/ic masses ( ! ,byzant9e palaces1 !y w\ld h f\nd :]e-^u to dwell ) delight$ elaboration4 ,?is is1 h[ev]1 nev] ! case1 & al?\gh frequ5tly compell$ to introduce portions ( ,v5etian locality 9 _! backgr\nds1 su* portions are always treat$ 9 a mo/ ha/y & fai?less mann]1 miss+ frequ5tly all "* ( ! build+1 & nev] advanc$ to realization4 ,9 ,titian's picture ( ,fai?1 ! view ( ,v5ice bel[ is laid 9 s rapidly & slightly1 ! h\ses all lean+ ?is way & t1 & ( no color1 ! sea a dead gray gre51 & ! %ip-sails m]e da%es ( ! bru%1 t ! mo/ obscure ( ,turn]'s ,v5ices w\ld look sub/antial beside x2 :ile 9 ! v picture ( ,t9toret 9 :i* he has dwelt s elaborately on ! c>pet1 he has sub/itut$ a piece ( ord9>y r5aissance composition = ,/4 ,m>k's1 & 9 ! backgr\nd has *os5 ! ,sansov9o side ( ! ,piazzetta1 treat+ ev5 t s c>elessly z to lose all ! proportion & beauty ( its design1 & s flimsily t ! l9e ( ! di/ant sea :i* has be5 fir/ laid 91 is se5 ?r\gh all ! columns4 ,evid5ces ( magnific5t p[] ( c\rse exi/ 9 :atev] he t\*es1 b 8 full p[] is nev] turn$ 9 ?is direction4 ,m space is all[$ to 8 ar*itecture by ,paul ,v]onese1 b x is /ill entirely sugge/ive1 & w\ld be utt]ly false except z a frame or backgr\nd = figures4 ,! same may be said ) respect to ,raffaelle & ! ,roman s*ool4 ,sec4 #cj4 ,fresco pa9t+ ( ! ,v5etian ext]iors4 ,canaletto4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ^! m5 laid ar*itecture little "u contribution to _! own art1 !y made _! own art a glori\s gift to ar*itecture1 & ! walls ( ,v5ice1 :i* be=e1 ,i believe1 _h receiv$ color only 9 arabesque patt]ns1 7 light$ ) human life by ,giorgione1 ,titian1 ,t9toret1 & ,v]onese4 ,( ! works ( ,t9toret & ,titian1 no?+ n[1 ,i believe1 rema9s2 two figures ( ,giorgione's are /ill traceable on ! ,fondaco de' ,t$es*i1 "o ( :i*1 s+ul>ly un9jur$1 is se5 f f> above & bel[ ! ,rialto1 flam+ l ! reflection ( a sunset4 ,two figures ( ,v]onese 7 also traceable till lately1 ! head & arms ( "o /ill rema91 & "s glori\s olive-bran*es :i* 7 beside ! o!r2 ! figure hav+ be5 entirely effac$ by an inscription 9 l>ge black lett]s on a :itewa% tablet :i* we owe to ! some:at inopportunely express$ en?usiasm ( ! inhabitants ( ! di/rict 9 favor ( _! new pa/or4#aa ,judg+1 h[ev]1 f ! rate at :i* de/ruction is at pres5t advanc+1 & see+ t1 9 ab\t sev5 or eight ye>s m1 ,v5ice w h utt]ly lo/ e ext]nal claim to int]e/1 except t :i* atta*es to ! gr\p ( build+s imm$iately ar\nd ,/4 ,m>k's place1 & to ! l>g] *ur*es1 x may be conjectur$ t ! great] "p ( h] pres5t degradation has tak5 place1 at any rate1 )9 ! la/ =ty ye>s4 ,let ! read] ) su* scraps ( evid5ce z may /ill be glean$ f "u ! /ucco & pa9t ( ! ,italian committees ( ta/e1 & f among ! draw+-room innovations ( ,engli% & ,g]man resid5ts re/ore ,v5ice 9 8 imag9ation to "s resemblance ( :at %e mu/ h be5 be=e h] fall4 ,let him1 look+ f ,lido or ,fus9a1 replace 9 ! =e/ ( t[]s ^? ( ! hundr$ & sixty-six *ur*es :i* ! ,fr5* ?rew d[n2 let him %eet h] walls ) purple & sc>let1 ov]lay h] m9>ets ) gold1#ab cleanse f _! pollution ^? *ok$ canals :i* are n[ ! dra9s ( hovels1 :]e !y 7 once ve/ibules ( palaces1 & fill !m ) gild$ b>ges & bann]$ %ips2 f9ally1 let him )draw f ?is sc5e1 already s brilliant1 su* sadness & /a9 z _h be5 set ^u x by ! decl9+ en]gies ( m ?an half a c5tury1 & he w see ,v5ice z x 0 se5 by ,canaletto2 ^: mis]able1 virtueless1 he>tless me*anism1 accept$ z ! repres5tation ( su* v>i\s glory1 is1 bo? 9 its exi/5ce & acceptance1 among ! mo/ /rik+ signs ( ! lo/ s5sation & dead5$ intellect ( ! nation at t "t2 a numbness & d>kness m )\t hope ?an t ( ! grave itself1 hold+ & we>+ yet ! sceptre & ! cr[n l ! corpses ( ! ,etruscan k+s1 ready to s9k into a%es at ! fir/ unb>r+ ( ! door ( ! sepul*re4 ,illu/ration3 ,,casa ,,cont>9i ,,fasan1 ,,v5ice4 ,f a draw+ by ,rusk94 ,! mann]ism ( ,canaletto is ! mo/ degrad$ t ,i "k 9 ! :ole range ( art4 ,pr(ess+ ! mo/ s]vile & m9dless imitation1 x imitates no?+ b ! blackness ( ! %ad[s2 x gives no "o s+le ar*itectural ornam5t1 h[ev] ne>1 s mu* =m z might enable u ev5 to guess at its actual "o2 & ?is ,i say n ra%ly1 = ,i %all prove x by plac+ portions ( detail accurately copi$ f ,canaletto side by side ) engrav+s f ! ,dagu]reotype2 x gives ! build+s nei!r _! ar*itectural beauty nor _! ance/ral dignity1 = !re is no texture ( /one nor "* ( age 9 ,canaletto's t\*2 :i* is inv>iably a viol5t1 black1 %>p1 rul$ p5manlike l9e1 z f> remov$ f ! grace ( nature z f h] fa9tness & transp>5cy2 & = 8 tru? ( color1 let ! s+le fact ( 8 hav+ omitt$ all record1 :atsoev]1 ( ! frescoes ^: wrecks are /ill to be f\nd at lea/ on "o half ( ! unre/or$ palaces1 &1 ) /ill less excusabl5ess1 all record ( ! magnific5t color$ m>bles ( _m ^: gre5s & purples are /ill undimm$ ^u ! ,casa ,d>io1 ,casa ,bianca ,capello1 & multitudes besides1 speak = him 9 ?is respect4 ,let x be obs]v$ t ,i f9d no fault ) ,canaletto1 = 8 want ( poetry1 ( feel+1 ( arti/ical ?\ghtfulness 9 treatm5t1 or ( ! v>i\s o!r virtues :i* he does n s mu* z pr(ess4 ,he pr(esses no?+ b color$ ,dagu]reotypeism4 ,let u h x3 mo/ preci\s & to be rev]$ x w\ld be3 let u h fresco :]e fresco 01 & t copi$ fai?fully2 let u h c>v+ :]e c>v+ is1 & t ar*itecturally true4 ,i h se5 ,dagu]reotypes 9 :i* e figure & rosette1 & crack & /a91 & fissure are giv5 on a scale ( an in* to ,canaletto's ?ree feet4 ,:at excuse is !re to be (f]$ = 8 omitt+1 on t scale1 z ,i %all h]eaft] %[1 all /atem5t ( su* ornam5t :atev]8 ,among ! ,flemi% s*ools1 exquisite imitations ( ar*itecture are f\nd con/antly1 & t n ) ,canaletto's vulg>1 black exagg]ation ( %ad[1 b 9 ! mo/ pure & silv]y & lum9\s grays4 ,i h little pleasure 9 su* pictures2 b ,i blame n ^? :o h m2 !y are :at !y pr(ess to be1 & !y are wond]ful & in/ructive1 & (t5 graceful1 & ev5 affect+1 b ,canaletto possesses no virtue except t ( dext]\s imitation ( commonplace light & %ade1 & p]haps1 ) ! exception ( ,salvator1 no arti/ has ev] fett]$ 8 un=tunate admir]s m securely f all heal?y or vigor\s p]ception ( tru?1 or be5 ( m g5]al detrim5t to all subsequ5t s*ools4 ,sec4 #ca4 ,expression ( ! effects ( age on ar*itecture by ,s4 ,pr\t4 ,nei!r1 h[ev]1 by ! ,flem+s1 nor by any o!r ( ! eld] s*ools1 0 ! effect ( age or ( human life ^u ar*itecture ev] adequately express$4 ,:at ru9s !y drew look$ z if brok5 d[n on purpose1 :at we$s !y put on seem$ put on = ornam5t4 ,_! dome/ic build+s _h nev] any dome/icity1 ! p look$ out ( _! w9d[s evid5tly to be drawn1 or came into ! /reet only to /& !re =ev]4 ,a peculi> /udi\sness infect$ all accid5t2 bricks fell out me?odically1 w9d[s op5$ & %ut by rule2 /ones 7 *ipp$ at regul> int]vals2 ev]y?+ t happ5$ seem$ to h be5 expect$ be=e2 & above all1 ! /reet _h be5 wa%$ & ! h\ses du/$ expressly to be pa9t$ 9 _! be/4 ,we owe to ,pr\t1 ,i believe1 ! fir/ p]ception1 & c]ta9ly ! only exi/+ expression ( precisely ! *>act]s :i* 7 want+ to old art1 ( t feel+ :i* results f ! influ5ce among ! noble l9es ( ar*itecture1 ( ! r5t & ! ru/1 ! fissure1 ! li*51 & ! we$1 & f ! writ+ ^u ! pages ( anci5t walls ( ! confus$ hi]oglyphics ( human hi/ory4 ,i suppose1 f ! des]v$ popul>ity ( ! arti/1 t ! /range pleasure :i* ,i f9d myself 9 ! deciph]+ ( ^! is common to _m2 ! feel+ has be5 ra%ly & ?\ghtlessly contemn$ z m]e love ( ! picturesque2 !re is1 z ,i h above %[n1 a deep] moral 9 x1 & we owe mu*1 ,i am n prep>$ to say h[ mu*1 to ! arti/ by :om pre-em95tly x has be5 excit$4 ,=1 num]\s z h be5 8 imitators1 ext5d$ z 8 influ5ce1 & simple z 8 means & mann]1 !re has yet appe>$ no?+ at all to equal him2 !re is no /one draw+1 no vitality ( ar*itecture l ,pr\t's4 ,i say n ?is ra%ly1 ,i h ,mack5zie 9 my eye & _m o!r capital imitators2 & ,i h c>efully review$ ! ,ar*itectural "w ( ! ,academicians1 (t5 mo/ accurate & elaborate4 ,i repeat1 !re is no?+ b ! "w ( ,pr\t :i* is true1 liv+1 or "r 9 its g5]al impression1 & no?+1 !re=e1 s inexhau/ibly agreeable4 ,faults he has1 manifold1 easily detect$1 & mu* declaim$ aga9/ by second-rate arti/s2 b 8 excell5ce no "o has ev] t\*$1 & 8 li?ographic "w1 7,sket*es 9 ,fl&]s & ,g]many17 :i* 01 ,i believe1 ! fir/ ( ! k9d1 /ill rema9s ! mo/ valuable ( all1 num]\s & elaborate z its v>i\s successors h be54 ,! second s]ies 79 ,italy & ,switz]l&7 0 ( less value1 ! draw+s seem$ m labori\s1 & _h less ( ! life ( ! orig9al sket*es1 be+ also = ! mo/ "p ( subjects less adapt$ = ! developm5t ( ! arti/'s peculi> p[]s2 b bo? are f9e1 & ! ,brussels1 ,l\va91 ,cologne1 & ,nuremb]g1 subjects ( ! "o1 toge!r ) ! ,t\rs1 ,amboise1 ,g5eva1 & ,sion ( ! o!r1 exhibit sub/antial qualities ( /one & wood draw+1 toge!r ) an ideal appreciation ( ! pres5t active vital be+ ( ! cities1 su* z no?+ else has ev] approa*$4 ,_! value is mu* increas$ by ! circum/ance ( _! be+ drawn by ! arti/'s own h& ^u ! /one1 & by ! consequ5t manly recklessness ( subord9ate p>ts1 79 works ( ?is k9d1 be x rememb]$1 mu* is subord9ate17 :i* is ( all *>act]s ( execution ! mo/ refre%+4 ,note ! scrawl$ middle t9t ( ! wall beh9d ! ,go?ic well at ,ratisbonne1 & comp>e ?is manly piece ( "w ) ! wret*$ smoo?ness ( rec5t li?ography4 ,let x n be ?\ght t !re is any inconsi/5cy betwe5 :at ,i say "h & :at ,i h said respect+ f9i%4 ,?is piece ( dead wall is z mu* f9i%$ 9 relation to its function z a wall ( ,ghirl&ajo's or ,leon>do's 9 relation to !irs1 & ! refre%+ quality is ! same 9 bo?1 & manife/ 9 all great ma/]s1 )\t exception1 t ( ! utt] reg>dlessness ( ! means s t _! end be rea*$4 ,! same k9d ( scrawl+ occurs (t5 9 ! %ade ( ,raffaelle4 ,sec4 #cb4 ,8 excell5t composition & color4 ,x is n only1 h[ev]1 by 8 peculi> /one t\* nor p]ception ( human "* t he is di/+ui%$4 ,he is ! mo/ dext]\s ( all our arti/s 9 a c]ta9 k9d ( composition4 ,no "o c place figures l him1 except ,turn]4 ,x is "o ?+ to "k :]e a piece ( blue or :ite is want$1 & ano!r to make ! we>] ( ! blue apron or :ite cap come !re1 & n look z if x 7 aga9/ h] w4 ,pr\t's /reets are ! only /reets t are accid5tally cr[d$1 8 m>kets are ! only m>kets :]e "o feels incl9$ to get out ( ! way4 ,) o!rs we feel ! figures s "r :]e !y are1 t we h no expectation ( _! go+ any:]e else1 & approve ( ! position ( ! man ) ! :eelb>r[1 )\t ! slighte/ fe> ( 8 runn+ aga9/ our legs4 ,"o o!r m]it he has1 f> less g5]ally ackn[l$g$ ?an x %\ld be3 he is among our mo/ sunny & sub/antial colori/s4 ,mu* conv5tional color occurs 9 8 inf]ior pictures 7= he is v unequal7 & "s 9 all2 b portions are always to be f\nd ( quality s lum9\s & pure t ,i h f\nd ^! works ! only ones capable ( be>+ juxtaposition ) ,turn] & ,hunt1 :o inv>iably de/roy ev]y?+ else t comes )9 range ( !m4 ,8 mo/ beautiful tones occur 9 ^? draw+s 9 :i* !re is preval5t & p[]ful w>m gray1 8 mo/ fail+ ones 9 ^? ( s&y r$4 ,on 8 defici5cies ,i %all n insi/1 because ,i am n prep>$ to say h[ f> x is possible = him to avoid !m4 ,we h nev] se5 ! reconciliation ( ! peculi> *>act]s he has obta9$ ) ! accurate foll[+ out ( ar*itectural detail4 ,) 8 pres5t modes ( execution1 f>!r fidelity is impossible1 nor has any o!r mode ( execution yet obta9$ ! same results2 & ?\gh mu* is unaccompli%$ by him 9 c]ta9 subjects1 & some?+ ( ov]-mann]ism may be trac$ 9 8 treatm5t ( o!rs1 z especially 9 8 mode ( express+ ! decorative p>ts ( ,greek or ,roman ar*itecture1 yet 9 8 own peculi> ,go?ic t]ritory1 :]e ! _s ( ! subject itself is some:at rude & grotesque1 8 ab/ract ( decoration has m ( ! _s ( ! reality ?an f> m labori\s imitation4 ,! _s ( ! ,flemi% ,hotel de ,ville & decorat$ /reet ar*itecture has nev] be5 ev5 9 ! slighte/ degree felt or convey$ except by him1 & by him1 to my m9d1 faultlessly & absolutely2 & ?\gh 8 int]pretation ( ar*itecture t conta9s m ref9$ art 9 its details is f> less satisfactory1 /ill x is impossible1 :ile walk+ on 8 favorite angle ( ! ,piazzetta at ,v5ice1 ei!r to ?9k ( any o!r arti/ ?an ,pr\t or n to ?9k ( him4 ,sec4 #cc4 ,mod]n ar*itectural pa9t+ g5]ally4 ,g4 ,catt]mole4 ,_m o!r dext]\s & agreeable ar*itectural arti/s we h ( v>i\s degrees ( m]it1 b ( all ( :om1 x may be g5]ally said1 t !y draw hats1 faces1 cloaks1 & caps mu* bett] ?an ,pr\t1 b figures n s well2 t !y draw walls & w9d[s b n cities1 m\ld+s & buttresses b n ca!drals4 ,joseph ,na%'s "w on ! ar*itecture ( ! middle ages is1 h[ev]1 valuable1 & ,i suppose t ,haghe's works may be dep5d$ on = fidelity4 ,b x appe>s v /range t a workman capable ( produc+ ! clev] draw+s he has1 f "t to "t1 s5t to ! ,new ,society ( ,pa9t]s 9 ,wat] ,colors1 %\ld publi% li?ographs s conv5tional1 =c$1 & lifeless4 ,x is n )\t hesitation1 t ,i m5tion a "n respect+ :i* ! read] may already h be5 surpris$ at my sil5ce1 t ( ,g4 ,catt]mole4 ,!re are signs 9 8 works ( v peculi> gifts1 & p]haps also ( p[]ful g5ius2 _! defici5cies ,i %\ld will+ly attribute to ! advice ( ill-judg+ fri5ds1 & to ! applause ( a public satisfi$ ) %all[ ef=ts1 if brilliant2 yet ,i _c b ?9k x "o necess>y *>act]i/ic ( all true g5ius to be misl$ by no su* false fires4 ,! ,antiqu>ian feel+ ( ,catt]mole is pure1 e>ne/1 & natural2 & ,i ?9k 8 imag9ation orig9ally vigor\s1 c]ta9ly 8 fancy1 8 grasp ( mom5t>y passion consid]able1 8 s5se ( action 9 ! human body vivid & ready4 ,b no orig9al tal5t1 h[ev] brilliant1 c su/a9 its en]gy :5 ! dem&s ^u x are con/ant1 & all legitimate support & food )drawn4 ,i d n recollect 9 any1 ev5 ( ! mo/ important ( ,catt]mole's works1 s mu* z a fold ( drap]y /udi$ out f nature4 ,viol5t conv5tionalism ( light & %ade1 sket*y =ms cont9ually less & less develop$1 ! walls & ! faces drawn ) ! same /ucco color1 alike opaque1 & all ! %ades on fle%1 dress1 or /one1 laid 9 ) ! same arbitr>y br[n1 =ev] tell ! same tale ( a m9d wa/+ its /r5g? & sub/ance 9 ! production ( empt9ess1 & seek+1 by m & m bl9dly haz>d$ h&l+1 to conceal ! weakness :i* ! attempt at f9i% w\ld betray4 ,?is t5d5cy ( late1 has be5 pa9fully visible 9 8 ar*itecture4 ,"s draw+s made sev]al ye>s ago = an annual illu/rative ( ,scott's works 7 = ! mo/ "p pure & f9ely felt--7?\gh irrelevant to our pres5t subject1 a fall ( ! ,clyde %\ld be notic$1 admirable = bread? & grace ( foliage1 & = ! bold sweep+ ( ! wat]1 & ano!r subject ( :i* ,i regret t ,i c only judge by ! engrav+2 ,gl5de>g at twilight--! monk ,eu/ace *as$ by ,*ri/ie ( ! ,cl9t hill--:i* ,i ?9k mu/ h be5 "o ( ! sweete/ pieces ( simple ,bord] hill feel+ ev] pa9t$7--& ab\t t "t 8 ar*itecture1 ?\gh always conv5tionally br[n 9 ! %ad[s1 0 g5]ally well drawn1 & always p[]fully conceiv$4 ,s9ce !n1 he has be5 t5d+ gradually ?r\gh exagg]ation to c>icature1 & va9ly endeavor+ to atta9 by inord9ate bulk ( decorat$ p>ts1 t dignity :i* is only to be rea*$ by purity ( proportion & maje/y ( l9e4 ,sec4 #cd4 ,! evil 9 an ar*aeological po9t ( view ( misappli$ inv5tion 9 ar*itectural subject4 ,x has pa9$ me deeply1 to see an arti/ ( s great orig9al p[] indulg+ 9 *ildi% fanta/icism & exagg]ation1 & sub/itut+ = ! s]i\s & subdu$ "w ( legitimate imag9ation1 mon/re ma*icolations & colossal cusps & crockets4 ,:ile !re is s mu* beautiful ar*itecture daily 9 process ( de/ruction ar\nd u1 ,i _c b ?9k x treason to imag9e any?+2 at lea/1 if we mu/ h composition1 let ! design ( ! arti/ be su* z ! ar*itect w\ld applaud4 ,b x is surely v griev\s1 t :ile our idle arti/s are help+ _! va9 inv5tions by ! fall ( sponges on soil$ pap]1 glori\s build+s ) ! :ole intellect & hi/ory ( c5turies conc5trat$ 9 !m1 are suff]$ to fall into unrecord$ ru94 ,a day does n n[ pass 9 ,italy )\t ! de/ruction ( "s mighty monum5t2 ! /reets ( all h] cities e*o to ! hamm]1 half ( h] fair build+s lie 9 sep>ate /ones ab\t ! places ( _! f\ndation2 w\ld n "t be bett] sp5t 9 tell+ u ! tru? ab\t ^! p]i%+ remnants ( maje/ic ?\ght1 ?an 9 p]petuat+ ! ill-dige/$ fancies ( idle h\rs8 ,x is1 ,i repeat1 treason to ! cause ( art = any man to inv5t1 unless he inv5ts some?+ bett] ?an has be5 inv5t$ be=e1 or some?+ diff]+ 9 k9d4 ,!re is room en\gh = inv5tion 9 ! pictorial treatm5t ( :at exi/s4 ,!re is no m honorable exhibition ( imag9ative p[]1 ?an 9 ! selection ( su* place1 *oice ( su* treatm5t1 introduction ( su* incid5t1 z may produce a noble picture )\t deviation f "o l9e ( ! actual tru?2 & su* ,i believe to be1 inde$1 9 ! end ! mo/ advantage\s1 z well z ! mo/ mode/ direction ( ! inv5tion1 = ,i recollect no s+le in/ance ( ar*itectural composition by any m5 except su* z ,leon>do or ,v]onese1 :o c\ld design _! ar*itecture ?or\ghly be=e !y pa9t$ x1 :i* has n a look ( inanity & absurdity4 ,! be/ l&scapes & ! be/ ar*itectural /udies h be5 views2 & ,i w\ld h ! arti/ take %ame to himself 9 ! exact degree 9 :i* he f9ds himself oblig$ 9 ! production ( 8 picture to lose any1 ev5 ( ! smalle/ p>ts or mo/ trivial hues :i* be> a "p 9 ! great impression made by ! reality4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ! draw+ ( ! ar*itect & arti/#ac ought nev] to be1 z x n[ commonly is1 ! diff]5ce betwe5 lifeless =mality & witless lic5se2 x ought to be betwe5 giv+ ! m]e l9es & measures ( a build+1 & giv+ ^? l9es & measures ) ! impression & s\l ( x besides4 ,all arti/s %\ld be a%am$ ( !mselves :5 !y f9d !y h n ! p[] ( be+ true2 ! "r wit ( draw+ is l ! "r wit ( conv]sation1 n hyp]bole1 n viol5ce1 n frivolity1 only well express$1 laconic tru?4 ,sec4 #ce4 ,works ( ,david ,rob]ts3 _! fidelity & grace4 ,among ! memb]s ( ! ,academy1 we h at pres5t only "o pr(ess$ly ar*itectural draughtsman ( note1 ,david ,rob]ts1 ^: reputation is probably f>!r ext5d$ on ! cont95t ?an t ( any o!r ( our arti/s1 except ,l&se]4 ,i am n c]ta91 h[ev]1 t ,i h any reason to congratulate ei!r ( my c\ntrym5 ^u ?is _! ,european e/imation2 = ,i ?9k x exce$+ly probable t 9 bo? in/ances x is exclusively bas$ on _! defects2 & 9 ! case ( ,mr4 ,rob]ts1 9 p>ticul>1 !re has ( late appe>$ m gr\nd = x ?an is altoge!r desirable 9 a smoo?ness & ov]-f9i% ( texture :i* be>s dang]\s fell[%ip ) ! "w ( our ,gallic neighbors4 ,! fidelity ( int5tion & hone/y ( sy/em ( ,rob]ts h1 h[ev]1 always be5 m]itori\s2 8 draw+ ( ar*itecture is dep5d5t on no un9telligible l9es1 or blots1 or sub/itut$ types3 ! ma9 l9es ( ! real design are always !re1 & its holl[ness & und]cutt+s giv5 ) exquisite feel+2 8 s5se ( solidity ( =m is v peculi>1 lead+ him to dwell ) great delight on ! r\nd+s ( edges & angles2 8 execution is dext]\s & delicate1 s+ul>ly s 9 oil1 & 8 s5se ( *i>oscuro ref9$4 ,b he has nev] done himself ju/ice1 & suff]s 8 pictures to fall bel[ ! rank !y %\ld assume1 by ! pres5ce ( sev]al m>r+ *>act]s1 :i* ,i %all "n1 because x is p]fectly 9 8 p[] to avoid !m4 ,9 look+ ov] ! valuable s]ies ( draw+ ( ! ,holy ,l&1 :i* we owe to ,mr4 ,rob]ts1 we _c b be amaz$ to f9d h[ frequ5tly x has happ5$ t !re 0 some?+ v :ite imm$iately 9 ! =egr\nd1 & some?+ v black exactly beh9d x4 ,! same ?+ happ5s p]petually ) ,mr4 ,rob]ts's pictures2 a :ite column is always com+ out ( a blue mi/1 or a :ite /one out ( a gre5 pool1 or a :ite monum5t out ( a br[n recess1 & ! artifice is n always conceal$ ) dext]ity4 ,?is is unwor?y ( s skilful a compos]1 & x has de/roy$ ! impressiv5ess z well z ! color ( "s ( 8 f9e/ works4 ,x %[s a pov]ty ( conception1 :i* appe>s to me to arise f a defici5t habit ( /udy4 ,x w be rememb]$ t ( ! sket*es = ?is "w1 sev]al times exhibit$ 9 ,london1 e "o 0 execut$ 9 ! same mann]1 & ) ab\t ! same degree ( completion3 be+ all ( !m accurate records ( ! ma9 ar*itectural l9es1 ! %apes ( ! %ad[s1 & ! remnants ( artificial color1 obta9$1 by means ( ! same grays1 ?r\gh\t1 & ( ! same yell[ 7a s+ul>ly false & cold ?\gh conv5i5t color7 t\*$ ^u ! lights4 ,z f> z !y w5t1 no?+ c\ld be m valuable ?an ^! sket*es1 & ! public1 glanc+ rapidly at _! g5]al & graceful effects1 c\ld h>dly =m any?+ l an e/imate ( ! endurance & det]m9ation :i* mu/ h be5 necess>y 9 su* a climate to obta9 records s pati5t1 entire1 & cle>1 ( details s multitud9\s z 7especially7 ! hi]oglyphics ( ! ,egyptian temples2 an endurance :i* p]haps only arti/s c e/imate1 & = :i* we owe a debt ( gratitude to ,mr4 ,rob]ts mo/ difficult to dis*>ge4 ,b if ^! sket*es 7 all t ! arti/ br\ght home1 :atev] value is to be atta*$ to !m z /atem5ts ( fact1 !y are altoge!r insuffici5t = ! produc+ ( pictures4 ,i saw among !m no s+le in/ance ( a d[nright /udy2 ( a /udy 9 :i* ! real hues & %ades ( sky & e>? _h be5 hone/ly realiz$ or attempt$2 nor 7 !re1 on ! o!r h&1 any ( ^? invaluable-blott$-five-m9utes works :i* record ! unity ( "s s+le & magnific5t impressions4 ,h5ce ! pictures :i* h be5 pa9t$ f ^! sket*es h be5 z mu* alike 9 _! want ( impressiv5ess z ! sket*es !mselves1 & h nev] borne ! liv+ aspect ( ! ,egyptian light2 x has always be5 impossible to say :e!r ! r$ 9 !m 7n a pleasant "o7 0 meant = hot sun%9e or = r$ s&/one--_! p[] has be5 f>!r de/roy$ by ! necessity ! arti/ seems to feel himself "u ( ek+ out _! effect by po9ts ( bright =egr\nd color1 & ?us we h be5 encumb]$ ) caftans1 pipes1 scymet>s1 & black hair1 :5 all t we want$ 0 a liz>d1 or an ibis4 ,x is p]haps ow+ to ?is want ( e>ne/ness 9 /udy r ?an to defici5cy ( p]ception1 t ! color+ ( ?is arti/ is commonly untrue4 ,"s "t ago :5 he 0 pa9t+ ,spani% subjects1 8 habit 0 to br+ out 8 :ites 9 relief f transp>5t bitum9\s br[ns1 :i* ?\gh n exactly "r 9 color1 7 at any rate w>m & agreeable2 b ( late 8 color has become cold1 waxy1 & opaque1 & 9 8 deep %ades he sometimes p]mits himself ! use ( a viol5t black :i* is altoge!r unju/ifiable4 ,a picture ( ,rosl9 ,*apel exhibit$ 9 #ahdd1 %[$ ?is defect 9 ! recess to :i* ! /airs desc5d1 9 an extravagant degree2 & ano!r exhibit$ 9 ! ,briti% ,in/itution1 in/ead ( %[+ ! exquisite crumbl+ & li*5\s texture ( ! ,rosl9 /one1 0 poli%$ to z vapid smoo?ness z e ,fr5* hi/orical picture4 ,! g5]al feebl5ess ( ! effect is increas$ by ! ins]tion ( ! figures z viol5t pieces ( local color unaffect$ by ! light & unbl5d$ ) ! hues ar\nd !m1 & be>+ evid5ce ( hav+ be5 pa9t$ f models or drap]ies 9 ! dead light ( a room in/ead ( sun%9e4 ,on ^! defici5cies ,i %\ld n h rem>k$1 b t by hone/ & det]m9$ pa9t+ f & ( nature1 x is p]fectly 9 ! p[] ( ! arti/ to supply !m2 & x is bitt]ly to be regrett$ t ! accuracy & elegance ( 8 "w %\ld n be aid$ by t g5u95ess ( hue & effect :i* c only be giv5 by ! uncompromis+ ef=t to pa9t n a f9e picture b an impressive & kn[n v]ity4 ,! two arti/s ^: works x rema9s = u to review1 are m5 :o h pres5t$ u ) examples ( ! treatm5t ( e k9d ( subject1 & among ! re/ ) portions ( ar*itecture :i* ! be/ ( our exclusively ar*itectural draughtsm5 c\ld n excel4 ,sec4 #cf4 ,cl>kson ,/anfield4 ,! frequ5t ref]5ces made to ! works ( ,cl>kson ,/anfield ?r\gh\t ! subsequ5t pages r5d] x less necess>y = me to speak ( him "h at any l5g?4 ,he is ! lead] ( ! ,engli% ,reali/s1 & p]haps among ! m rem>kable ( 8 *>act]i/ics is ! look ( common-s5se & rationality :i* 8 compositions w always be> :5 oppos$ to any k9d ( affectation4 ,he appe>s to ?9k ( no o!r arti/4 ,:at he has le>n$1 has be5 f 8 own acqua9tance ) & affection = ! /eep hills & ! deep sea2 & 8 modes ( treatm5t are alike remov$ f sket*9ess or incompletion1 & f exagg]ation or ef=t4 ,! some:at ov]-prosaic tone ( 8 subjects is r a condesc5sion to :at he supposes to be public feel+1 ?an a sign ( want ( feel+ 9 himself2 = 9 "s ( 8 sket*es f nature or f fancy1 ,i h se5 p[]s & p]ceptions manife/$ ( a f> high] ord] ?an any t are traceable 9 8 ,academy works1 p[]s :i* ,i ?9k him mu* to be blam$ = *eck+4 ,! portion ( 8 pictures usually mo/ defective 9 ?is respect is ! sky1 :i* is apt to be cold & un9v5tive1 always well drawn1 b ) a k9d ( hesitation 9 ! cl\ds :e!r x is to be fair or f\l wea!r2 !y hav+ nei!r ! joyfulness ( re/1 nor ! maje/y ( /orm4 ,_! color is apt also to v]ge on a morbid purple1 z 0 em95tly ! case 9 ! l>ge picture ( ! wreck on ! coa/ ( ,holl& exhibit$ 9 #ahdd1 a "w 9 :i* bo? 8 p[]s & faults 7 prom95tly manife/$1 ! picture be+ full ( good pa9t+1 b want+ 9 its entire appeal4 ,!re 0 no feel+ ( wreck ab\t x2 &1 b = ! damage ab\t h] b[sprit1 x w\ld h be5 impossible = a l&sman to say :e!r ! hull 0 meant = a wreck or a gu>d%ip4 ,nev]!less1 x is always to be recollect$1 t 9 subjects ( ?is k9d x is probable t mu* escapes u 9 consequ5ce ( our want ( k1 & t to ! eye ( ! seaman mu* may be ( int]e/ & value :i* to u appe>s cold4 ,at all ev5ts1 ?is heal?y & rational reg>d ( ?+s is incomp>ably pref]able to ! dramatic absurdities :i* weak] arti/s commit 9 matt]s m>9e2 & f copp]-color$ sunsets on gre5 waves sixty feet high1 ) caulifl[] break]s1 & n9ep9 rocks2 f dr[n+ on planks1 & />v+ on rafts1 & ly+ nak$ on bea*es1 x is really refre%+ to turn to a surge ( ,/anfield's true salt1 s]viceable1 uns5tim5tal sea4 ,x w\ld be well1 h[ev]1 if he w\ld sometimes take a high] flight4 ,! ca/le ( ,is*ia gave him a gr& subject1 & a little m inv5tion 9 ! sky1 a little less mudd9ess 9 ! rocks1 & a little m savag5ess 9 ! sea1 w\ld h made x an impressive picture2 x j misses ! sublime1 yet is a f9e "w1 & bett] engrav$ ?an usual by ! ,art ,union4 ,"o fault we _c b v5ture to f9d1 ev5 9 our own extreme ignorance1 ) ,mr4 ,/anfield's boats2 !y nev] look wea!r-beat54 ,!re is some?+ peculi>ly preci\s 9 ! ru/y1 du/y1 t>-trickl$1 fi%y1 phosphoresc5t br[n ( an old boat1 & :5 ?is has j dipp$ "u a wave & rises to ! sun%9e x is en\gh to drive ,giorgione to despair4 ,i h nev] se5 any ef=t at ?is by ,/anfield2 8 boats always look new pa9t$ & clean2 witness especially ! "o be=e ! %ip 9 ! wreck picture above notic$2 & !re is "s su* abs5ce ( a "r s5se ( color 9 o!r portions ( 8 subject2 ev5 8 fi%]m5 h always clean jackets & unsoil$ caps1 & 8 v rocks are li*5less4 ,&1 by ! way1 ?is ought to be not$ respect+ mod]n pa9t]s 9 g5]al1 t !y h n a prop] s5se ( ! value ( dirt2 cottage *ildr5 nev] appe> b 9 fre% got-up caps & aprons1 & :ite-h&$ begg>s excite compassion 9 unexceptionable rags4 ,9 reality1 almo/ all ! colors ( ?+s associat$ ) human life d]ive some?+ ( _! expression & value f ! tones ( impurity1 & s enhance ! value ( ! entirely pure t9ts ( nature h]self4 ,( ,/anfield's rock & m\nta9 draw+ en\gh w be said h]eaft]4 ,8 foliage is inf]ior2 8 ar*itecture admirably drawn1 b commonly want+ 9 color4 ,8 picture ( ! ,doge's palace at ,v5ice 0 q clay-cold & untrue4 ,( late he has %[n a m>vell\s pr$ilection = ! realization1 ev5 to actually reliev$ texture1 ( old worm-eat5 wood2 we tru/ he w n all[ su* fancies to c>ry him too f>4 ,sec4 #cg4 ,j4 ,m4 ,w4 ,turn]4 ,=ce ( national feel+ 9 all great pa9t]s4 ,! "n ,i h la/ to m5tion is t ( ,j4 ,m4 ,w4 ,turn]4 ,i d n int5d to speak ( ?is arti/ at pres5t 9 g5]al t]ms1 because my con/ant practice ?r\gh\t ?is "w is to say1 :5 ,i speak ( an arti/ at all1 ! v tru? ( :at ,i believe & feel respect+ him2 & ! tru? ( :at ,i believe & feel respect+ ,turn] w\ld appe> 9 ?is place1 unsupport$ by any pro(1 m]e rhapsody4 ,i %all !re=e "h conf9e myself to a rapid glance at ! relations ( 8 pa/ & pres5t works1 & to "s notice ( :at he has fail$ ( accompli%+3 ! great] "p ( ! subsequ5t *apt]s w be exclusively devot$ to ! exam9ation ( ! new fields ov] :i* he has ext5d$ ! range ( l&scape art4 ,x is a fact m univ]sally ackn[l$g$ ?an en=c$ or act$ ^u1 t all great pa9t]s1 ( :atev] s*ool1 h be5 great only 9 _! r5d]+ ( :at !y _h se5 & felt f e>ly *ildhood2 & t ! greate/ among !m h be5 ! mo/ frank 9 ackn[l$g+ ?is _! inability to treat any?+ successfully b t ) :i* !y _h be5 famili>4 ,! ,madonna ( ,raffaelle 0 born on ! ,urb9o m\nta9s1 ,ghirl&ajo's is a ,flor5t9e1 ,bell9i's a ,v5etian2 !re is n ! slighte/ ef=t on ! "p ( any "o ( ^! great m5 to pa9t h] z a ,jewess4 ,x is n ! place "h to insi/ f>!r on a po9t s simple & s univ]sally demon/rable4 ,expression1 "*1 types ( c\nt5ance1 co/ume1 color1 & accessories are ) all great pa9t]s :atsoev] ^? ( _! native l&1 & t frankly & entirely1 )\t ! slighte/ attempt at modification2 & ,i ass]t fe>lessly t x is impossible t x %\ld ev] be o!rwise1 & t no man ev] pa9t$ or ev] w pa9t well any?+ b :at he has e>ly & long se51 e>ly & long felt1 & e>ly & long lov$4 ,h[ f> x is possible = ! m9d ( "o nation or g5]ation to be heal?ily modifi$ & taught by ! "w ( ano!r1 ,i presume n to det]m9e2 b x dep5ds ^u :e!r ! en]gy ( ! m9d :i* receives ! in/ruction be suffici5t1 :ile x takes out ( :at x fe$s ^u t :i* is univ]sal & common to all nature1 to resi/ all w>p+ f national or tempor>y peculi>ities4 ,n9o ,pisano got no?+ b good1 ! mod]n ,fr5* no?+ b evil1 f ! /udy ( ! antique2 b ,n9o ,pisano _h a ,god & a "*4 ,all arti/s :o h attempt$ to assume1 or 9 _! weakness h be5 affect$ by1 ! national peculi>ities ( o!r times & c\ntries1 h in/antly1 :atev] _! orig9al p[]1 fall5 to ?ird-rate rank1 or fall5 altoge!r1 & h inv>iably lo/ _! bir?right & bless+1 lo/ _! p[] ov] ! human he>t1 lo/ all capability ( tea*+ or b5efit+ o!rs4 ,comp>e ! hybrid classification ( ,wilson ) ! ri* ,engli% purity ( ,ga9sbor\gh2 comp>e ! rec5t exhibition ( middle-age c>toons = ! ,h\ses ( ,p>liam5t ) ! works ( ,hog>?2 comp>e ! sickly mod]n ,g]man imitations ( ! great ,italians ) ,alb]t ,dur] & ,holbe92 comp>e ! vile classicality ( ,canova & ! mod]n ,italians ) ,m9o da ,fiesole1 ,luca della ,robbia1 & ,&rea del ,v]roc*io4 ,! mann] ( ,nicolo ,p\ss9 is said to be ,greek--x may be s2 ?is only ,i "k1 t x is he>tless & pr(itless4 ,! sev]ity ( ! rule1 h[ev]1 ext5ds n 9 full =ce to ! nationality1 b only to ! visibility ( ?+s2 = x is v possible = an arti/ ( p[]ful m9d to ?r[ himself well into ! feel+ ( =eign nations ( 8 own "t4 ,?us ,john ,lewis has be5 em95tly successful 9 8 seiz+ ( ,spani% "*4 ,yet x may be d\bt$ if ! seizure be su* z ,spani>ds !mselves w\ld ackn[l$ge2 x is probably ( ! habits ( ! p m ?an _! he>ts2 cont9u$ ef=ts ( ?is k9d1 especially if _! subjects be v>i$1 assur$ly end 9 failure2 ,lewis1 :o seem$ s em95tly p5etrative 9 ,spa91 s5t no?+ f ,italy b complexions & co/umes1 & ,i expect no good f 8 /ay 9 ,egypt4 ,engli% arti/s are usually entirely ru9$ by resid5ce 9 ,italy1 b = ?is !re are collat]al causes :i* x is n "h ! place to exam9e4 ,be ?is z x may1 & :atev] success may be atta9$ 9 pictures ( slight & unpret5d+ aim1 ( g5re1 z !y are call$1 9 ! r5d]+ ( =eign "*1 ( ?is ,i am c]ta91 t :atev] is to be truly great & affect+ mu/ h on x ! /rong /amp ( ! native l&2 n a law ?is1 b a necessity1 f ! int5se hold on _! c\ntry ( ! affections ( all truly great m52 all classicality1 all middle-age pat5t reviv+1 is utt]ly va9 & absurd2 if we are n[ to d any?+ great1 good1 awful1 religi\s1 x mu/ be got out ( our own little isl&1 & out ( ?is ye> #ahdf1 railroads & all3 if a ,briti% pa9t]1 ,i say ?is 9 e>ne/ s]i\sness1 _c make hi/orical *>act]s out ( ! ,briti% ,h\se ( ,pe]s1 he _c pa9t hi/ory2 & if he _c make a ,madonna ( a ,briti% girl ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 he _c pa9t "o at all4 ,sec4 #ch4 ,influ5ce ( ?is feel+ on ! *oice ( ,l&scape subject4 ,! rule1 ( c\rse1 holds 9 l&scape2 yet s f> less au?oritatively1 t ! mat]ial nature ( all c\ntries & times is 9 _m po9ts actually1 & 9 all1 9 pr9ciple1 ! same2 s t feel+s educat$ 9 ,cumb]l&1 may f9d _! food 9 ,switz]l&1 & impressions fir/ receiv$ among ! rocks ( ,cornwall1 be recall$ ^u ! precipices ( ,g5oa4 ,add to ?is actual sam5ess1 ! p[] ( e great m9d to possess itself ( ! _s ( ?+s once pres5t$ to x1 & x is evid5t1 t little limitation c be set to ! l&scape pa9t] z to ! *oice ( 8 field2 & t ! law ( nationality w hold ) him only s f> z a c]ta9 joyfulness & completion w be by pref]5ce f\nd 9 ^? p>ts ( 8 subject :i* rem9d him ( 8 own l&4 ,b if he attempt to impress on 8 l&scapes any o!r _s ?an t he has felt1 & to make !m l&scapes ( o!r times1 x is all ov] ) him1 at lea/1 9 ! degree 9 :i* su* reflect$ moon%9e takes place ( ! g5u9e light ( ! pres5t day4 ,! read] w at once p]ceive h[ mu* tr\ble ?is simple pr9ciple w save bo? ! pa9t] & ! critic2 x at once sets aside ! :ole s*ool ( common composition1 & exon]ates u f ! labor ( m9utely exam9+ any l&scape :i* has nymphs or philosoph]s 9 x4 ,x is h>dly necess>y = u to illu/rate ?is pr9ciple by any ref]5ce to ! works ( e>ly l&scape pa9t]s1 z ,i suppose x is univ]sally ackn[l$g$ ) respect to !m2 ,titian be+ ! mo/ rem>kable in/ance ( ! influ5ce ( ! native air on a /rong m9d1 & ,claude1 ( t ( ! classical poison on a weak "o2 b x is v necess>y to keep x 9 m9d 9 review+ ! works ( our great mod]n l&scape pa9t]4 ,sec4 #ci4 ,its peculi> manife/ation 9 ,turn]4 ,i d n "k 9 :at di/rict ( ,engl& ,turn] fir/ or longe/ /udi$1 b ! sc5]y ^: influ5ce ,i c trace mo/ def9itely ?r\gh\t 8 works1 v>i$ z !y are1 is t ( ,york%ire4 ,( all 8 draw+s1 ,i ?9k1 ^? ( ! ,york%ire s]ies h ! mo/ he>t 9 !m1 ! mo/ affectionate1 simple1 unwe>i$1 s]i\s f9i%+ ( tru?4 ,!re is 9 !m little seek+ aft] effect1 b a /rong love ( place1 little exhibition ( ! arti/'s own p[]s or peculi>ities1 b int5se appreciation ( ! smalle/ local m9utiae4 ,^! draw+s h un=tunately *ang$ h&s frequ5tly1 & h be5 abus$ & ill treat$ by picture deal]s & clean]s2 ! great] numb] ( !m1 are n[ m]e wrecks4 ,i "n !m n z in/ances1 b z pro(s ( ! arti/'s /udy 9 ?is di/rict2 = ! affection to :i* !y owe _! excell5ce1 mu/ h be5 gr\nd$ long ye>s be=e4 ,x is to be trac$1 n only 9 ^! draw+s ( ! places !mselves1 b 9 ! peculi> love ( ! pa9t] = r\nd$ =ms ( hills2 n b t he is "r 9 ?is on g5]al pr9ciples1 = ,i d\bt n1 t1 ) 8 peculi> feel+ = beauty ( l9e1 8 hills w\ld h be5 r\nd$ /ill1 ev5 if he _h /udi$ fir/ among ! peaks ( ,cadore2 b r\nd$ to ! same ext5t & ) ! same delight 9 _! r\ndness1 !y w\ld n h be54 ,x is1 ,i believe1 to ^? broad wood$ /eeps & swells ( ! ,york%ire d[ns t we 9 "p owe ! s+ul> massiv5ess t prevails 9 ,turn]'s m\nta9 draw+1 & gives x "o ( its *ief elem5ts ( gr&eur4 ,let ! read] op5 ! ,lib] ,/udiorum1 & comp>e ! pa9t]'s enjoym5t ( ! l9es 9 ! ,b5 ,ar?ur1 ) 8 comp>ative uncom=tabl5ess among ^? ( ! aiguilles ab\t ! ,m] de ,glace4 ,great z he is1 ^? peaks w\ld h be5 t\*$ v diff]5tly by a ,savoy>d z great z he4 ,i am 9 ! habit ( look+ to ! ,york%ire draw+s1 z indicat+ "o ( ! culm9at+ po9ts 9 ,turn]'s c>e]4 ,9 ^! he atta9$ ! highe/ degree ( :at he _h up to t "t attempt$1 namely1 f9i% & quantity ( =m unit$ ) expression ( atmosph]e1 & light )\t color4 ,8 e>ly draw+s are s+ul>ly in/ructive 9 ?is def9it5ess & simplicity ( aim4 ,no complicat$ or brilliant color is ev] ?\ght ( 9 !m2 !y are little m ?an exquisite /udies 9 light & %ade1 v gre5 blues be+ us$ = ! %ad[s1 & gold5 br[ns = ! lights4 ,! difficulty & trea*]y ( color be+ ?us avoid$1 ! arti/ 0 able to b5d 8 :ole m9d ^u ! draw+1 & ?us to atta9 su* decision1 delicacy1 & complet5ess z h nev] 9 any wise be5 equall$1 & z might s]ve him = a secure f\ndation 9 all aft] exp]im5ts4 ,( ! quantity & precision ( 8 details1 ! draw+s made = ,hakewill's ,italy1 are s+ul> examples4 ,! mo/ p]fect gem 9 execution is a little bit on ! ,rh9e1 ) re$s 9 ! =egr\nd1 9 ! possession ( ,b4 ,g4 ,w9dus1 ,esq41 ( ,tott5ham2 b ! ,york%ire draw+s seem to be on ! :ole ! mo/ noble repres5tatives ( 8 art at ?is p]iod4 ,ab\t ! "t ( _! production1 ! arti/ seems to h felt t he _h done ei!r all t c\ld be done1 or all t 0 necess>y1 9 t mann]1 & began to rea* aft] some?+ beyond x4 ,! elem5t ( color beg9s to m+le ) 8 "w1 & 9 ! fir/ ef=ts to reconcile 8 int5se feel+ = x ) 8 c>eful =m1 sev]al anomalies beg9 to be visible1 & "s un=tunate or un9t]e/+ works necess>ily belong to ! p]iod4 ,! ,engl& draw+s1 :i* are v *>act]i/ic ( x1 are exce$+ly unequal1--"s1 z ! ,oakhampton1 ,kilg>r51 ,alnwick1 & ,llan?ony1 be+ among 8 f9e/ works2 o!rs1 z ! ,w9dsor f ,eton1 ! ,eton ,college1 & ! ,b$=d1 %[+ co>s5ess & conv5tionality4 ,sec4 #dj4 ,! dome/ic subjects ( ! ,lib] ,/udiorum4 ,i d n "k at :at "t ! pa9t] fir/ w5t abroad1 b among ! e>lie/ ( ! s]ies ( ! ,lib] ,/udiorum 7dates #ahjh1 #ahji17 occur ! magnific5t ,mont ,/4 ,go?>d1 & little ,devil's ,bridge4 ,n[ x is rem>kable t aft] 8 acqua9tance ) ?is sc5]y1 s cong5ial 9 almo/ all respects ) ! en]gy ( 8 m9d1 & supply+ him ) mat]ials ( :i* 9 ^! two subjects1 & 9 ! ,*>treuse1 & sev]al o!rs aft]w>ds1 he %[$ bo? 8 entire appreciation & comm&1 ! proportion ( ,engli% to =eign subjects %\ld 9 ! re/ ( ! "w be m ?an two to "o2 & t ^? ,engli% subjects %\ld be--_m ( !m--( a k9d peculi>ly simple1 & ( e-day occurr5ce1 su* z ! ,pembury ,mill1 ! ,f>m ,y>d ,composition ) ! ,:ite ,horse1 t ) ! ,cocks & ,pigs1 ,h$g+ & ,dit*+1 ,wat]cress ,ga!r]s 7sc5e at ,twick5ham17 & ! beautiful & solemn ru/ic subject call$ a ,wat]mill2 & t ! ar*itectural subjects in/ead ( be+ tak51 z might h be5 expect$ ( an arti/ s fond ( treat+ effects ( ext5d$ space1 f "s ( ! enorm\s cont95tal masses are almo/ exclusively ,briti%2 ,rivaulx1 ,holy ,isl&1 ,dumbla91 ,dun/anbor\gh1 ,*ep/[1 ,/4 ,ca!r9e's1 ,gre5wi* ,hospital1 an ,engli% ,p>i% ,*ur*1 a ,saxon ,ru91 & an exquisite ,rem9isc5ce ( ! ,engli% ,l[l& ,ca/le 9 ! pa/oral1 ) ! brook1 wood5 bridge1 & wild duck1 to all ( :i* we h no?+ =eign to oppose b ?ree slight1 ill-consid]$1 & unsatisfactory subjects1 f ,basle1 ,lauff5b\rg1 & ano!r ,swiss village2 &1 fur!r1 n only is ! prepond]ance ( subject ,briti%1 b ( affection also2 = x is /range ) :at fulness & completion ! home subjects are treat$ 9 comp>ison ) ! great] "p ( ! =eign ones4 ,comp>e ! figures & %eep 9 ! ,h$g+ & ,dit*+1 & ! ,ea/ ,gate ,w9*elsea1 toge!r ) ! ne> leafage1 ) ! puzzl$ =egr\nd & inappropriate figures ( ! ,lake ( ,?un2 or ! cattle & road ( ! ,/4 ,ca!r9e's ,hill1 ) ! =egr\nd ( ! ,bonneville2 or ! exquisite figure ) ! %eaf ( corn1 9 ! ,wat]mill1 ) ! v9tages ( ! ,gr5oble subject4 ,9 8 foliage ! same pr$ilections are rem>kable4 ,rem9isc5ces ( ,engli% will[s by ! brooks1 & ,engli% =e/ glades m+le ev5 ) ! h]oic foliage ( ! ,aesacus & ,hesp]ie1 & ! ,cephalus2 into ! p9e1 :e!r ( ,switz]l& or ! glori\s ,/one1 he _c ent]1 or ent]s at 8 p]il1 l ,ariel4 ,^? ( ! ,valley ( ,*am\nix are f9e masses1 bett] p9es ?an o!r p's1 b n a bit l p9es = all t2 he feels 8 weakness1 & te>s !m (f ! di/ant m\nta9s ) ! m]cilessness ( an avalan*e4 ,! ,/one p9es ( ! two ,italian compositions are f9e 9 _! arrangem5t1 b !y are v pitiful p9es2 ! glory ( ! ,alp9e rose he nev] t\*es2 he mun*es *e/nuts ) no reli%2 nev] has le>n$ to l olives2 &1 by ! v9e1 we f9d him 9 ! =egr\nd ( ! ,gr5oble ,alps laid utt]ly & incontrov]tibly on 8 back4 ,i adduce ^! evid5ces ( ,turn]'s nationality 7& innum]able o!rs might be giv5 if ne$ 77 n z pro(s ( weakness b ( p[]2 n s mu* z te/ify+ want ( p]ception 9 =eign l&s1 z /rong hold on 8 own w2 = ,i am sure t no arti/ :o has n ?is hold ^u 8 own w ev] get good out ( any o!r4 ,keep+ ?is pr9ciple 9 m9d1 x is in/ructive to obs]ve ! dep? & solemnity :i* ,turn]'s feel+ receiv$ f ! sc5]y ( ! cont95t1 ! ke5 appreciation up to a c]ta9 po9t ( all t is locally *>act]i/ic1 & ! ready seizure = future use ( all valuable mat]ial4 ,sec4 #da4 ,turn]'s pa9t+ ( ,fr5* & ,swiss l&scape4 ,! latt] defici5t4 ,( all =eign c\ntries he has mo/ entirely ent]$ into ! _s ( ,france2 p>tly because "h he f\nd m fell[%ip ( sc5e ) 8 own ,engl&1 p>tly because an am\nt ( ?\ght :i* w miss ( ,italy or ,switz]l&1 w fa?om ,france2 p>tly because !re is 9 ! ,fr5* foliage & =ms ( gr\nd1 mu* t is especially cong5ial ) 8 own peculi> *oice ( =m4 ,to :at cause x is ow+ ,i _c tell1 nor is x g5]ally all[$ or felt2 b ( ! fact ,i am c]ta91 t = grace ( /em & p]fection ( =m 9 _! transp>5t foliage1 ! ,fr5* trees are altoge!r unmat*$2 & _! modes ( gr\p+ & mass+ are s p]fectly & con/antly beautiful t ,i ?9k ( all c\ntries = educat+ an arti/ to ! p]ception ( grace1 ,france be>s ! bell2 & t n romantic nor m\nta9\s ,france1 n ! ,vosges1 nor ,auv]gne1 nor ,prov5ce1 b l[l& ,france1 ,pic>dy & ,norm&y1 ! valleys ( ! ,loire & ,se9e1 & ev5 ! di/rict1 s ?\ghtlessly & m9dlessly abus$ by ,engli% travell]s1 z un9t]e/+1 trav]s$ betwe5 ,calais & ,dijon2 ( :i* !re is n a s+le valley b is full ( ! mo/ lovely pictures1 nor a mile f :i* ! arti/ may n receive in/ruction2 ! di/rict imm$iately ab\t ,s5s be+ p]haps ! mo/ valuable f ! gr&eur ( its l9es ( popl>s & ! unimag9able f9i% & beauty ( ! tree =ms 9 ! two great av5ues )\t ! walls4 ,( ?is k9d ( beauty ,turn] 0 ! fir/ to take cognizance1 & he /ill rema9s ! only1 b 9 himself ! suffici5t pa9t] ( ,fr5* l&scape4 ,"o ( ! mo/ beautiful examples is ! draw+ ( trees engrav$ = ! ,keepsake1 n[ 9 ! possession ( ,b4 ,g4 ,w9dus1 ,esq42 ! draw+s made to illu/rate ! sc5]y ( ! ,riv]s ( ,france supply in/ances ( ! mo/ v>i$ "*4 ,! arti/ appe>s1 until v lately1 r to h tak5 f ,switz]l& ?\ghts & g5]al conceptions ( size & ( gr& =m & effect to be us$ 9 8 aft] compositions1 ?an to h attempt$ ! seiz+ ( its actual "*4 ,?is 0 be=eh& to be expect$ f ! utt] physical impossibility ( r5d]+ c]ta9 effects ( ,swiss sc5]y1 & ! monotony & unmanageabl5ess ( o!rs4 ,! ,valley ( ,*am\nix 9 ! collection ( ,walt] ,fawkes1 ,esq41 ,i h nev] se52 x has a high reputation2 ! ,hannibal pass+ ! ,alps 9 its pres5t /ate exhibits no?+ b a heavy %[] & a cr[d ( p gett+ wet2 ano!r picture 9 ! arti/'s gall]y ( a l&-fall is mo/ ma/]ly & int]e/+1 b m d>+ ?an agreeable4 ,! ,sn[/orm1 avalan*e1 & inundation1 is "o ( 8 mightie/ works1 b ! am\nt ( m\nta9 draw+ 9 x is less ?an ( cl\d & effect2 ! subjects 9 ! ,lib] ,/udiorum are on ! :ole ! mo/ int5sely felt1 & next to !m ! vignettes to ,rog]s's ,poems & ,italy4 ,( "s rec5t draw+s ( ,swiss subject ,i %all speak pres5tly4 ,sec4 #db4 ,8 r5d]+ ( ,italian "* /ill less successful4 ,8 l>ge compositions h[ fail+4 ,! effect ( ,italy ^u 8 m9d is v puzzl+4 ,on ! "o h&1 x gave him ! solemnity & p[] :i* are manife/$ 9 ! hi/orical compositions ( ! ,lib] ,/udiorum1 m especially ! ,rizpah1 ! ,cephalus1 ! sc5e f ! ,fairy ,que51 & ! ,aesacus & ,hesp]ie3 on ! o!r1 he seems nev] to h ent]$ ?or\ghly into ! _s ( ,italy1 & ! mat]ials he obta9$ !re 7 aft]w>ds b awkw>dly introduc$ 9 8 l>ge compositions4 ,( ^! !re are v few at all wor?y ( him2 none b ! ,lib] ,/udiorum subjects are ?or\ghly great1 & ^! are great because !re is 9 !m ! s]i\sness )\t ! mat]ials ( o!r c\ntries & times4 ,!re is no?+ p>ticul>ly indicative ( ,pale/9e 9 ! ,b>ley ,h>ve/ ( ! ,rizpah1 nor 9 ^? r\nd & awful trees2 only ! solemnity ( ! s\? 9 ! lift+ ( ! ne> burn+ moon4 ,! rocks ( ! ,jason may be se5 9 any qu>ry ( ,w>wick%ire s&/one4 ,jason himself has n a bit ( ,greek ab\t him--he is a simple w>rior ( no p]iod 9 p>ticul>1 nay1 ,i ?9k !re is some?+ ( ! n9ete5? c5tury ab\t 8 legs4 ,:5 local "* ( ?is classical k9d is attempt$1 ! pa9t] is visibly cramp$3 awkw>d resemblances to ,claude te/ify ! want ( 8 usual =ceful orig9ality3 9 ! t5? ,plague ( ,egypt1 he makes u ?9k ( ,belzoni r ?an ( ,moses2 ! fif? is a total failure1 ! pyramids look l brick-kilns1 & ! fire runn+ along ! gr\nd be>s bro!rly resemblance to ! burn+ ( manure4 ,! realization ( ! t5? plague n[ 9 8 gall]y is f9] ?an ! /udy1 b /ill un9t]e/+2 & ( ! l>ge compositions :i* h mu* ( ,italy 9 !m1 ! great] "p are ov]:elm$ ) quantity & defici5t 9 emotion4 ,! ,cross+ ! ,brook is "o ( ! be/ ( ^! hybrid pictures2 incomp>able 9 its tree draw+1 x yet leaves u d\btful :]e we are to look & :at we are to feel2 x is nor!rn 9 its color1 s\!rn 9 its foliage1 ,italy 9 its details1 & ,engl& 9 its s5sations1 )\t ! gr&eur ( ! "o1 or ! heal?9ess ( ! o!r4 ,! two ,c>?ages are m]e rationalizations ( ,claude1 "o ( !m excessively bad 9 color1 ! o!r a gr& ?\ght1 & yet "o ( ! k9d :i* does no "o any good1 because ev]y?+ 9 x is reciprocally sacrific$2 ! foliage is sacrific$ to ! ar*itecture1 ! ar*itecture to ! wat]1 ! wat] is nei!r sea1 nor riv]1 nor lake1 nor brook1 nor canal1 & savors ( ,reg5t's ,p>k2 ! =egr\nd is uncom=table gr\nd1--let on build+ leases4 ,s ! ,caligula's ,bridge1 ,temple ( ,jupit]1 ,dep>ture ( ,regulus1 ,anci5t ,italy1 ,cic]o's ,villa1 & su* o!rs1 come !y f ^: h& !y may1 ,i class "u ! g5]al head ( nons5se pictures4 ,!re nev] c be any :olesome feel+ develop$ 9 ^! prepo/]\s accumulations1 & :]e ! arti/'s feel+ fails1 8 art foll[s2 s t ! wor/ possible examples ( ,turn]'s color are f\nd 9 pictures ( ?is class2 9 "o or two in/ances he has brok5 ?r\gh ! conv5tional rules1 & !n is always f9e1 z 9 ! ,h]o & ,le&]2 b 9 g5]al ! picture rises 9 value z x approa*es to a view1 z ! ,f\nta9 ( ,fallacy1 a piece ( ri* nor!rn ,italy1 ) "s fairy wat]works2 ?is picture 0 unrivall$ 9 color once1 b is n[ a m]e wreck4 ,s ! ,rape ( ,pros]p9e1 ?\gh x is s+ul> t 9 8 ,academy pictures ev5 8 simplicity fails ( rea*+ ideality2 9 ?is picture ( ,pros]p9e ! nature is n ! gr& nature ( all "t1 x is indubitably mod]n1#ad & we are p]fectly electrifi$ at anybody's be+ c>ri$ away 9 ! corn] except by p ) spiky hats & c>ab9es4 ,?is is traceable to sev]al causes2 p>tly to ! want ( any gr& specific =m1 p>tly to ! too evid5t middle-age "* ( ! ru9s cr[n+ ! hills1 & to a multiplicity ( m9or causes :i* we _c at pres5t ent] into4 ,sec4 #dc4 ,8 views ( ,italy de/roy$ by brilliancy & r$undant quantity4 ,nei!r 9 8 actual views ( ,italy has ,turn] ev] caught h] true _s1 except 9 ! little vignettes to ,rog]s's ,poems4 ,! ,villa ( ,galileo1 ! nameless composition ) /one p9es1 ! sev]al villa moonlights1 & ! conv5t compositions 9 ! ,voyage ( ,columbus1 are altoge!r exquisite2 b ?is is ow+ *iefly to _! simplicity & p]haps 9 "s measure to _! smallness ( size4 ,none ( 8 l>ge pictures at all equal !m2 ! ,bay ( ,baiae is encumb]$ ) mat]ial1 x conta9s t5 times z mu* z is necess>y to a good picture1 & yet is s crude 9 color z to look unf9i%$4 ,! ,pale/r9a is fall ( raw :ite1 & has a look ( ,hampton ,c\rt ab\t its long av5ue2 ! mod]n ,italy is purely ,engli% 9 its ne> foliage2 x is compos$ f ,tivoli mat]ial enri*$ & arrang$ mo/ dext]\sly1 b x has ! look ( a ri* arrangem5t1 & n ! virtue ( ! real ?+4 ,! e>ly ,tivoli1 a l>ge draw+ tak5 f bel[ ! falls1 0 z little true1 & /ill less =tunate1 ! trees !re be+ altoge!r affect$ & artificial4 ,! ,flor5ce engrav$ 9 ! ,keepsake is a glori\s draw+1 z f> z reg>ds ! passage ) ! bridge & sunlight on ! ,arno1 ! ,casc9e foliage1 & di/ant pla91 & ! t[]s ( ! =tress on ! left2 b ! details ( ! duomo & ! city are entirely miss$1 & ) !m ! maje/y ( ! :ole sc5e4 ,! v9es & melons ( ! =egr\nd are disord]ly1 & its cypresses conv5tional2 9 fact1 ,i recollect no in/ance ( ,turn]'s draw+ a cypress except 9 g5]al t]ms4 ,! *ief reason ( ^! failures ,i imag9e to be ! ef=t ( ! arti/ to put joy\sness & brilliancy ( effect ^u sc5es em95tly p5sive1 to sub/itute radiance = s]5ity ( light1 & to =ce ! fre$om & bread? ( l9e :i* he le>n$ to love on ,engli% d[ns & ,highl& moors1 out ( a c\ntry dott$ by campaniles & squ>e conv5ts1 bri/l$ ) cypresses1 p>tition$ by walls1 & gone up & d[n by /eps4 ,9 "o ( ! cities ( ,italy he _h no su* difficulties to enc\nt]4 ,at ,v5ice he f\nd fre$om ( space1 brilliancy ( light1 v>iety ( color1 massy simplicity ( g5]al =m2 & to ,v5ice we owe _m ( ! motives 9 :i* 8 highe/ p[]s ( color h be5 display$ aft] t *ange 9 8 sy/em ( :i* we mu/ n[ take note4 ,sec4 #dd4 ,*anges introduc$ by him 9 ! receiv$ sy/em ( art4 ,among ! e>li] pa9t+s ( ,turn]1 ! culm9at+ p]iod1 m>k$ by ! ,york%ire s]ies 9 8 draw+s1 is di/+ui%$ by great solemnity & simplicity ( subject1 preval5t gloom 9 light & %ade1 & br[n 9 ! hue1 ! draw+ manly b c>eful1 ! m9utiae sometimes exquisitely delicate4 ,all ! f9e/ works ( ?is p]iod are1 ,i believe1 )\t exception1 views1 or quiet s+le ?\ghts4 ,! ,cald] ,bridge1 belong+ to ,e4 ,bicknell1 ,esq41 is a mo/ pure & beautiful example4 ,! ,ivy ,bridge ,i imag9e to be lat]1 b its rock =egr\nd is altoge!r unrivall$ & rem>kable = its delicacy ( detail2 a butt]fly is se5 settl$ on "o ( ! l>ge br[n /ones 9 ! mid/ ( ! torr5t4 ,two pa9t+s ( ,bonneville1 9 ,savoy1 "o 9 ! possession ( ,abel ,allnutt1 ,esq41 ! o!r1 &1 ,i ?9k1 ! f9e/1 9 a collection at ,birm+ham1 %[ m v>iety ( color ?an is usual ) him at ! p]iod1 & are 9 e respect magnific5t examples4 ,pictures ( ?is class are ( peculi> value1 = ! l>g] compositions ( ! same p]iod are all poor 9 color1 & mo/ ( !m mu* damag$1 b ! small] works h be5 f> f9] orig9ally1 & _! color seems secure4 ,!re is no?+ 9 ! range ( l&scape art equal to !m 9 _! way1 b ! full "* & capacity ( ! pa9t] is n 9 !m4 ,gr& z !y are 9 _! sobriety1 !y /ill leave mu* to be desir$2 !re is great heav9ess 9 _! %ad[s1 ! mat]ial is nev] ?or\ghly vanqui%$1 7?\gh ?is p>tly = a v noble reason1 t ! pa9t] is always ?9k+ ( & ref]r+ to nature1 & indulges 9 no arti/ical conv5tionalities17 & sometimes ! h&l+ appe>s feeble4 ,9 w>m?1 lightness1 & transp>5cy !y h no *ance aga9/ ,ga9sbor\gh2 9 cle> skies & air tone !y are alike un=tunate :5 !y provoke comp>ison ) ,claude2 & 9 =ce & solemnity !y c 9 no wise /& ) ! l&scape ( ! ,v5etians4 ,! pa9t] evid5tly felt t he _h f>!r p[]s1 & press$ =w>d into ! field :]e alone !y c\ld be br\ght into play4 ,x 0 impossible = him1 ) all 8 ke5 & long-discipl9$ p]ceptions1 n to feel t ! real color ( nature _h nev] be5 attempt$ by any s*ool2 & t ?\gh conv5tional repres5tations _h be5 giv5 by ! ,v5etians ( sunlight & twilight1 by inv>iably r5d]+ ! :ites gold5 & ! blues gre51 yet ( ! actual1 joy\s1 pure1 roseate hues ( ! ext]nal _w no record _h ev] be5 giv54 ,he saw also t ! f9i% & specific gr&eur ( nature _h be5 giv51 b h] fulness1 space1 & my/]y nev]2 & he saw t ! great l&scape pa9t]s _h always sunk ! l[] middle t9ts ( nature 9 extreme %ade1 br++ ! entire melody ( color z _m degrees d[n z _! possible light 0 inf]ior to nature's2 & t 9 s do+ a gloomy pr9ciple _h influ5c$ !m ev5 9 _! *oice ( subject4 ,= ! conv5tional color he sub/itut$ a pure /raight=w>d r5d]+ ( fact1 z f> z 0 9 8 p[]2 & t n ( su* fact z _h be5 be=e ev5 sugge/$1 b ( all t is mo/ brilliant1 beautiful1 & inimitable2 he w5t to ! cat>act = its iris1 to ! conflagration = its flames1 ask$ ( ! sea its int5se/ azure1 ( ! sky its cle>e/ gold4 ,= ! limit$ space & def9$ =ms ( eld] l&scape1 he sub/itut$ ! quantity & ! my/]y ( ! va/e/ sc5es ( e>?2 & = ! subdu$ *i>oscuro he sub/itut$ fir/ a balanc$ dim9ution ( oppositions ?r\gh\t ! scale1 & aft]w>ds1 9 "o or two in/ances1 attempt$ ! rev]se ( ! old pr9ciple1 tak+ ! l[e/ portion ( ! scale truly1 & m]g+ ! upp] "p 9 high light4 ,sec4 #de4 ,difficulties ( 8 lat] mann]4 ,resultant defici5cies4 ,innovations s d>+ & s v>i\s c\ld n be introduc$ )\t correspond+ p]il3 ! difficulties t lay 9 8 way 7 m ?an any human intellect c\ld altoge!r surm\nt4 ,9 8 "t !re has be5 no "o sy/em ( color g5]ally approv$2 e arti/ has 8 own me?od & 8 own vehicle2 h[ to d :at ,ga9sbor\gh did1 we "k n2 mu* less :at ,titian2 to inv5t a new sy/em ( color c h>dly be expect$ ( ^? :o _c recov] ! old4 ,to obta9 p]fectly satisfactory results 9 color "u ! new conditions introduc$ by ,turn]1 w\ld at lea/ h requir$ ! ex]tion ( all 8 en]gies 9 t sole direction4 ,b color has always be5 only 8 second object4 ,! effects ( space & =m1 9 :i* he delights1 (t5 require ! employm5t ( means & me?od totally at v>iance ) ^? necess>y = ! obta9+ ( pure color4 ,x is physically impossible1 = in/ance1 rightly to draw c]ta9 =ms ( ! upp] cl\ds ) ! bru%2 no?+ w d x b ! pallet knife ) load$ :ite aft] ! blue gr\nd is prep>$4 ,n[ x is impossible t a cl\d s drawn1 h[ev] glaz$ aft]w>ds1 %\ld h ! virtue ( a ?9 w>m t9t ( ,titian's1 %[+ ! canvas ?r\gh\t4 ,s x happ5s cont9ually4 ,add to ^! difficulties1 ^? ( ! peculi> subjects attempt$1 & to ^! aga91 all t belong to ! alt]$ sy/em ( *i>oscuro1 & x is evid5t t we mu/ n be surpris$ at f9d+ _m defici5cies or faults 9 su* works1 especially 9 ! e>li] ( !m1 nor ev5 suff] ourselves to be )drawn by ! pursuit ( :at seems c5surable f our devotion to :at is mighty4 ,not)/&+1 9 "s *os5 examples ( pictures ( ?is k9d1 ,i w "n ?ree3 ,juliet & h] ,nurse2 ! ,old ,tem]aire1 & ! ,slave ,%ip3 ,i d n admit t !re are at ! "t ( _! fir/ appe>+ on ! walls ( ! ,royal ,academy1 any demon/rably avoidable faults4 ,i d n d5y t !re may be1 nay1 t x is likely !re are2 b !re is no liv+ arti/ 9 ,europe ^: judgm5t might safely be tak5 on ! subject1 or :o c\ld )\t arrogance affirm ( any "p ( su* a picture1 t x 0 wrong2 ,i am p]fectly will+ to all[1 t ! lemon yell[ is n prop]ly repres5tative ( ! yell[ ( ! sky1 t ! load+ ( ! color is 9 _m places disagreeable1 t _m ( ! details are drawn ) a k9d ( imp]fection diff]5t f :at !y w\ld h 9 nature1 & t _m ( ! p>ts fail ( imitation1 especially to an un$ucat$ eye4 ,b no liv+ au?ority is ( weight en\gh to prove t ! virtues ( ! picture c\ld h be5 obta9$ at a less sacrifice1 or t !y are n wor? ! sacrifice2 & ?\gh x is p]fectly possible t su* may be ! case1 & t :at ,turn] has done may h]eaft] 9 "s respects be done bett]1 ,i believe myself t ^! works are at ! "t ( _! fir/ appe>+ z p]fect z ^? ( ,phidias or ,leon>do2 t is to say1 incapable 9 _! way1 ( any improvem5t conceivable by human m9d4 ,also1 x is only by comp>ison ) su* t we are au?oriz$ to affirm def9ite faults 9 any ( 8 o!rs1 = we %\ld h be5 b\nd to speak1 at lea/ = ! pres5t1 ) ! same mode/y respect+ ev5 8 wor/ pictures ( ?is class1 _h n 8 m noble ef=ts giv5 u canons ( criticism4 ,b1 z 0 be=eh& to be expect$ f ! difficulties he grappl$ )1 ,turn] is exce$+ly unequal2 he appe>s always z a *ampion 9 ! ?ick ( fight1 sometimes ) 8 foot on 8 enemies' necks1 sometimes /agg]$ or /ruck to 8 knee2 once or twice altoge!r d[n4 ,he has fail$ mo/ frequ5tly1 z be=e notic$1 9 elaborate compositions1 f r$undant quantity2 sometimes1 l mo/ o!r m51 f ov]-c>e1 z v signally 9 a l>ge & mo/ labor$ draw+ ( ,bambor\gh2 sometimes1 unacc\ntably1 8 eye = color seem+ to fail him = a "t1 z 9 a l>ge pa9t+ ( ,rome f ! ,=um1 & 9 ! ,cic]o's ,villa1 ,build+ ( ,c>?age1 & ! picture ( ?is ye> 9 ! ,briti% ,in/itution2 & sometimes ,i am sorry to say1 crim9ally1 f tak+ lic5ses :i* he mu/ "k to be illegitimate1 or indulg+ 9 conv5tionalities :i* he does n require4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,dogana1 ,,& ,,santa ,,m>ia ,,della ,,salute1 ,,v5ice4 ,f a pa9t+ by ,turn]4 ,sec4 #df4 ,reflection ( 8 v rec5t works4 ,on su* in/ances ,i %all n insi/1 = ! f9d+ fault ) ,turn] is n1 ,i ?9k1 ei!r decor\s 9 myself or l to be b5eficial to ! read]4#ae ,! great] numb] ( failures took place 9 ! transition p]iod1 :5 ! arti/ 0 feel+ = ! new qualities1 & endeavor+ to reconcile !m ) m c>eful elaboration ( =m ?an 0 prop]ly consi/5t ) !m4 ,gradually 8 h& became m free1 8 p]ception & grasp ( ! new tru?s m c]ta91 & 8 *oice ( subject m adapt$ to ! exhibition ( !m4 ,b 8 p[]s did n atta9 _! highe/ results till t[>ds ! ye> #ahdj1 ab\t :i* p]iod !y did s sudd5ly1 & ) a vigor & conc5tration :i* r5d]$ 8 pictures at t "t almo/ incomp>able ) ^? :i* _h prec$$ !m4 ,! draw+s ( ,nemi1 & ,ob]wesel1 9 ! possession ( ,b4 ,g4 ,w9dus1 ,esq41 7 among ! fir/ evid5ces ( ?is sudd5 advance2 only ! foliage 9 bo? ( ^! is inf]ior2 & x is rem>kable t 9 ?is phase ( 8 art1 ,turn] has drawn little foliage1 & t little badly--! great *>act]i/ic ( x be+ its p[]1 beauty1 & maje/y ( color1 & its ab&onm5t ( all littl5ess & division ( ?\ght to a s+le impression4 ,9 ! ye> #ahdb1 he made "s draw+s f rec5t sket*es 9 ,switz]l&2 ^!1 ) "s produc$ 9 ! foll[+ ye>s1 all ( ,swiss subject1 ,i consid] to be1 on ! :ole1 ! mo/ *>act]i/ic & p]fect works he has ev] produc$4 ,! ,academy pictures 7 f> inf]ior to !m2 b among ^! examples ( ! same p[] 7 n want+1 m especially 9 ! small] pictures ( ,v5ice4 ,! ,sun ( ,v5ice1 go+ to sea2 ! ,san ,b5$etto1 look+ t[>ds ,fus9a2 & a view ( ,murano1 ) ! ,cemet]y1 7 all faultless3 ano!r ( ,v5ice1 se5 f ne> ,fus9a1 ) sunlight & moonlight mix$ 7#ahdd7 01 ,i ?9k1 :5 ,i fir/ saw x1 7& x /ill rema9s little injur$17 ! mo/ p]fectly beautiful piece ( color ( all t ,i h se5 produc$ by human h&s1 by any means1 or at any p]iod4 ,( ! exhibition ( #ahde1 ,i h only se5 a small ,v5ice1 7/ill ,i believe 9 ! arti/'s possession17 & ! two :al+ subjects4 ,! ,v5ice is a second-rate "w1 & ! two o!rs altoge!r unwor?y ( him4 ,9 conclusion ( our pres5t sket* ( ! c\rse ( l&scape art1 x may be g5]ally /at$ t ,turn] is ! only pa9t]1 s f> z ,i "k1 :o has ev] drawn ! sky1 7n ! cle> sky1 :i* we be=e saw belong$ exclusively to ! religi\s s*ools1 b ! v>i\s =ms & ph5om5a ( ! cl\dy heav5s17 all previ\s arti/s hav+ only repres5t$ x typically or p>tially2 b he absolutely & univ]sally3 he is ! only pa9t] :o has ev] drawn a m\nta91 or a /one2 no o!r man ev] hav+ le>n$ _! organization1 or possess$ himself ( _! _s1 except 9 "p & obscurely1 7! "o or two /ones not$ ( ,t9toret's1 7,vol4 ,,ii41 ,"p ,,iii4 ,*4 #c17 are p]haps h>dly en\gh on :i* to f\nd an exception 9 8 favor47 ,he is ! only pa9t] :o ev] drew ! /em ( a tree1 ,titian hav+ come ! ne>e/ be=e him1 & excell+ him 9 ! muscul> developm5t ( ! l>g] trunks1 7?\gh sometimes los+ ! woody /r5g? 9 a s]p5t-l flaccidity17 b miss+ ! grace & "* ( ! ramifications4 ,he is ! only pa9t] :o has ev] repres5t$ ! surface ( calm1 or ! =ce ( agitat$ wat]2 :o has repres5t$ ! effects ( space on di/ant objects1 or :o has r5d]$ ! ab/ract beauty ( natural color4 ,^! ass]tions ,i make delib]ately1 aft] c>eful weigh+ & consid]ation1 9 no _s ( dispute1 or mom5t>y zeal2 b f /rong & conv9c$ feel+1 & ) ! consci\sness ( be+ able to prove !m4 ,sec4 #dg4 ,difficulty ( demon/ration 9 su* subjects4 ,?is pro( is only p>tially & incid5tally attempt$ 9 ! pres5t portion ( ?is "w1 :i* 0 orig9ally writt51 z be=e expla9$1 = a tempor>y purpose1 & :i*1 !re=e1 ,i %\ld h gladly cancell$1 b t1 relat+ z x does only to simple matt]s ( fact & n to ^? ( feel+1 x may /ill1 p]haps1 be ( s]vice to "s read]s :o w\ld be unwill+ to ent] into ! m speculative fields ) :i* ! succe$+ sections are conc]n$4 ,i leave1 !re=e1 ne>ly z x 0 orig9ally writt51 ! foll[+ exam9ation ( ! relative tru?fulness ( eld] & ( rec5t art2 always reque/+ ! read] to rememb]1 z "s excuse = ! inadequate execution1 ev5 ( :at ,i h "h attempt$1 h[ difficult x is to express or expla91 by language only1 ^? delicate qualities ( ! object ( s5se1 on ! seiz+ ( :i* all ref9$ tru? ( repres5tation dep5ds4 ,try1 = in/ance1 to expla9 9 language ! exact qualities ( ! l9es on :i* dep5d ! :ole tru? & beauty ( expression ab\t ! half-op5$ lips ( ,raffaelle's ,/4 ,ca!r9e4 ,!re is1 inde$1 no?+ 9 l&scape s ineffable z ?is2 b !re is no "p nor portion ( ,god's works 9 :i* ! delicacy appreciable by a cultivat$ eye1 & necess>y to be r5d]$ 9 art1 is n beyond all expression & explanation2 ,i _c tell x y1 if y d n see x4 ,& ?us ,i h be5 entirely unable1 9 ! foll[+ pages1 to demon/rate cle>ly any?+ ( really deep & p]fect tru?2 no?+ b :at is co>se & commonplace1 9 matt]s to be judg$ ( by ! s5ses1 is )9 ! rea* ( argum5t4 ,h[ mu* or h[ little ,i h done mu/ be judg$ ( by ! read]3 h[ mu* x is impossible to d ,i h m fully %[n 9 ! conclud+ section4 ,i %all fir/ take into consid]ation ^? g5]al tru?s1 common to all ! objects ( nature1 :i* are productive ( :at is usually call$ effect1 t is to say1 tru?s ( tone1 g5]al color1 space1 & light4 ,i %all !n inve/igate ! tru?s ( specific =m & color1 9 ! f\r great compon5t p>ts ( l&scape--sky1 e>?1 wat]1 & vegetation4 ,,footnotes #f ,n ! l>ge ,p>adise1 b ! ,fall ( ,adam1 a small picture *iefly 9 br[n & gray1 ne> ,titian's ,assumption4 ,its companion1 ! ,dea? ( ,abel1 is rem>kable z conta9+ a gr\p ( trees :i* ,turn]1 ,i believe accid5tally1 has repeat$ ne>ly mass = mass 9 ! ,m>ly4 ,bo? are among ! mo/ noble works ( ?is or any o!r ma/]1 :e!r = preci\sness ( color or en]gy ( ?\ght4 #g ,! triple leaf ( ?is plant1 & :ite fl[]1 /a9$ purple1 probably gave x /range typical int]e/ among ! ,*ri/ian pa9t]s4 ,angelico1 9 us+ its leaves mix$ ) daisies 9 ! =egr\nd ( 8 ,crucifixion _h1 ,i imag9e1 a view also to its *emical prop]ty4 #h ,?is is no ra% me?od ( judgm5t1 sweep+ & ha/y z x may appe>4 ,f ! weaknesses ( an arti/1 or failures1 h[ev] num]\s1 we h no "r to conjecture 8 total inability2 a "t may come :5 he may rise into sudd5 /r5g?1 or an in/ance occur :5 8 ef=ts %all be successful4 ,b !re are "s pictures :i* rank n "u ! head ( failures1 b ( p]petrations or commissions2 "s ?+s :i* a man _c d nor say )\t seal+ =ev] 8 "* & capacity4 ,! angel hold+ ! cross ) 8 f+] 9 8 eye1 ! ro>+ r$-fac$ *ildr5 ab\t ! cr[n ( ?orns1 ! blasphem\s 7,i speak delib]ately & det]m9$ly7 head ( ,*ri/ ^u ! h&k]*ief1 & ! mode 9 :i* ! m>tyrdom ( ! sa9t is exhibit$ 7,i d n *oose to use ! expressions :i* alone c\ld *>act]ize x7 are p]fect1 suffici5t1 incontrov]tible pro(s t :atev] appe>s good 9 any ( ! do+s ( su* a pa9t] mu/ be deceptive1 & t we may be assur$ t our ta/e is corrupt$ & false :5ev] we feel dispos$ to admire him4 ,i am prep>$ to support ?is position1 h[ev] un*>itable x may seem2 a man may be tempt$ into a gross s9 by passion1 & =giv52 & yet !re are "s k9ds ( s9s into :i* only m5 ( a c]ta9 k9d c be tempt$1 & :i* _c be =giv54 ,x %\ld be add$1 h[ev]1 t ! arti/ical qualities ( ^! pictures are 9 e way wor?y ( ! conceptions !y realize2 ,i d n recollect any in/ances ( color or execution s co>se & feel+less4 #i ,x appe>s n to be suffici5tly und]/ood by ^? arti/s :o compla9 acrimoni\sly ( _! positions on ! ,academy walls1 t ! ,academicians h 9 _! own rooms a "r to ! l9e & ! be/ places ne> x2 9 _! tak+ ?is position !re is no abuse nor inju/ice2 b ! ,academicians %\ld rememb] t ) _! rights !y h _! duties1 & _! duty is to det]m9e among ! works ( arti/s n belong+ to _! body ^? :i* are mo/ likely to advance public k & judgm5t1 & to give ^! ! be/ places next _! own2 nei!r w\ld x detract f _! dignity if !y occasionally c$$ a squ>e ev5 ( _! own t]ritory1 z !y did gracefully & rightly1 &1 ,i am sorry to add1 dis9t]e/$ly1 to ! picture ( ,paul de la ,ro*e 9 #ahdd4 ,n[ ! ,academicians "k p]fectly well t ! mass ( portrait :i* encumb]s _! walls at half height is worse ?an useless1 s]i\sly h>mful to ! public ta/e1 & x 0 highly crim9al 7,i use ! ^w advis$ly7 t ! valuable & int]e/+ "w ( ,field+1 ( :i* ,i h above spok51 %\ld h be5 plac$ :]e x 01 above ?ree r[s ( eye-glasses & wai/coats4 ,a v beautiful "w ( ,h>d+'s 0 treat$ ei!r 9 ! same or ! foll[+ exhibition ) /ill great] inju/ice4 ,field+'s 0 m]ely put out ( sight2 ,h>d+'s :]e its faults 7 conspicu\s & its virtues lo/4 ,x 0 an ,alp9e sc5e1 ( :i* ! =egr\nd1 rocks1 & torr5ts 7 pa9t$ ) unrivall$ fidelity & precision2 ! foliage 0 dext]\s1 ! a]ial gradations ( ! m\nta9s t5d] & multitud9\s1 _! =ms c>efully /udi$ & v gr&4 ,! blemi% ( ! picture 0 a buff-color$ t[] ) a r$ ro(2 s+ul>ly meagre 9 detail1 & conv5tionally reliev$ f a mass ( gloom4 ,! picture 0 plac$ :]e no?+ b ?is t[] c\ld be se54 #aj ,i h n giv5 any examples 9 ?is place1 because x is difficult to expla9 su* circum/ances ( effect )\t diagrams3 ,i purpose ent]+ into full] discussion ( ! subject ) ! aid ( illu/ration4 #aa ,! inscription is to ! foll[+ effect1--a pleasant ?+ to see ^u ! walls1 7 x b m innoc5tly plac$3-- ,,campo4 ,,di4 ,s4 ,,maurizio ,d ,i ,o ,,cons]vi ,a ,,noi4 ,,lungam5te ,,lo ,,zelantis4 ,e4 ,,rev]5dis ,d4 ,,luigi4 ,,picc9i4 ,,no/ro ,n ,o ,v ,e ,l ,l ,o ,p ,i ,e ,v ,a ,n ,o4 ,g ,l ,i ,e ,s ,u ,l ,t ,a ,n ,t4 ,,p>roc*iani #ab ,! quantity ( gold ) :i* ! decorations ( ,v5ice 7 once cov]$ c\ld n n[ be trac$ or cr$it$ )\t ref]5ce to ! au?ority ( ,g5tile ,bell9i4 ,! great] "p ( ! m>ble m\ld+s h be5 t\*$ ) x 9 l9es & po9ts1 ! m9>ets ( ,/4 ,m>k's1 & all ! florid c>v+ ( ! ar*es entirely %eet$4 ,! ,casa d',oro reta9$ x on its lions until ! rec5t comm5cem5t ( its ,re/oration4 #ac ,inde$ !re %\ld be no su* diff]5ce at all4 ,e ar*itect ought to be an arti/2 e v great arti/ is necess>ily an ar*itect4 #ad ,?is passage seems at v>iance ) :at has be5 said ( ! necessity ( pa9t+ pres5t times & objects4 ,x is n s4 ,a great pa9t] makes out ( t :i* he f9ds be=e him some?+ :i* is indep5d5t ( all "t4 ,he c only d ?is out ( ! mat]ials ready to 8 h&1 b t :i* he builds has ! dignity ( dateless age4 ,a little pa9t] is annihilat$ by an ana*ronism1 & is conv5tionally antique1 & involunt>ily mod]n4 #ae ,"o po9t1 h[ev]1 x is incumb5t ^u me to notice1 be+ no "q ( art b ( mat]ial4 ,! read] w h obs]v$ t ,i /rictly limit$ ! p]fection ( ,turn]'s works to ! "t ( _! fir/ appe>+ on ! walls ( ! ,royal ,academy4 ,x bitt]ly grieves me to h to d ?is1 b ! fact is inde$ s4 ,no picture ( ,turn]'s is se5 9 p]fection a mon? aft] x is pa9t$4 ,! ,walhalla crack$ be=e x _h be5 eight days 9 ! ,academy rooms2 ! v]milions frequ5tly lose lu/re long be=e ! exhibition is ov]2 & :5 all ! colors beg9 to get h>d a ye> or two aft] ! picture is pa9t$1 a pa9ful deadness & opacity comes ov] !m1 ! :ites especially becom+ lifeless1 & _m ( ! w>m] passages settl+ into a h>d valueless br[n1 ev5 if ! pa9t rema9s p]fectly firm1 :i* is f> f be+ always ! case4 ,i believe t 9 "s measure ^! results are unavoidable1 ! colors be+ s peculi>ly bl5d$ & m+l$ 9 ,turn]'s pres5t mann] z almo/ to necessitate _! irregul> dry+2 b t !y are n necess>y to ! ext5t 9 :i* !y sometimes take place1 is prov$ by ! comp>ative safety ( "s ev5 ( ! m brilliant works4 ,?us ! ,old ,tem]aire is ne>ly safe 9 color1 & q firm2 :ile ! ,juliet & h] ,nurse is n[ ! gho/ ( :at x 02 ! ,slav] %[s no cracks1 ?\gh x is *ill$ 9 "s ( ! d>k] passages1 :ile ! ,walhalla & sev]al ( ! rec5t ,v5ices crack$ 9 ! ,royal ,academy4 ,x is true t ! damage makes no fur!r progress aft] ! fir/ ye> or two1 & t ev5 9 its alt]$ /ate ! picture is always valuable & records its int5tion2 b x is bitt]ly to be regrett$ t s great a pa9t] %\ld n leave a s+le "w by :i* 9 succe$+ ages he might be e/imat$4 ,! fact ( 8 us+ means s imp]fect1 toge!r ) t ( 8 utt] neglect ( ! pictures 9 8 own gall]y1 are a ph5om5on 9 human m9d :i* appe>s to me utt]ly inexplicable2 & bo? are )\t excuse4 ,if ! effects he desires _c be to _! full ext5t produc$ except by ^! trea*]\s means1 "o picture only %\ld be pa9t$ ea* ye> z an exhibition ( imm$iate p[]1 & ! re/ %\ld be c>ri$ out1 :atev] ! exp5se ( labor & "t 9 safe mat]ials1 ev5 at ! risk ( "s det]ioration ( imm$iate effect4 ,t :i* is greate/ 9 him is entirely indep5d5t ( means2 mu* ( :at he n[ accompli%es illegitimately might )\t d\bt be atta9$ 9 secur] modes--:at _c %\ld )\t hesitation be ab&on$4 ,=tunately ! draw+s appe> subject to no su* det]ioration4 ,_m ( !m are n[ almo/ de/roy$1 b ?is has be5 ,i ?9k always ?r\gh ill treatm5t1 or has be5 ! case only ) v e>ly works4 ,i h myself kn[n no in/ance ( a draw+ prop]ly protect$1 & n ra%ly expos$ to light suff]+ ! slighte/ *ange4 ,! great foes ( ,turn]1 z ( all o!r great colori/s especially1 are ! picture clean] & ! m\nt]4 ,,section ,,ii4 ,,( ,,g5]al ,,tru?s4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,( ,,tru? ,,( ,,tone4 ,sec4 #a4 ,mean+ ( ! ^w tone3 ,fir/1 ! "r relation ( objects 9 %ad[ to ! pr9cipal light4 ,z ,i h already all[$1 t 9 effects ( tone1 ! old ma/]s h nev] yet be5 equall$2 & z ?is is ! fir/1 & ne>ly ! la/1 concession ,i %all h to make to !m1 ,i wi% x at once to be ?or\ghly und]/ood h[ f> x ext5ds4 ,sec4 #b4 ,secondly1 ! quality ( color by :i* x is felt to owe "p ( its brightness to ! hue ( light ^u x4 ,i und]/& two ?+s by ! ^w tone3--fir/1 ! exact relief & relation ( objects aga9/ & to ea* o!r 9 sub/ance & d>kness1 z !y are ne>] or m di/ant1 & ! p]fect relation ( ! %ades ( all ( !m to ! *ief light ( ! picture1 :e!r t be sky1 wat]1 or any?+ else4 ,secondly1 ! exact relation ( ! colors to ! %ad[s to ! colors ( ! lights1 s t !y may be at once felt to be m]ely diff]5t degrees ( ! same light2 & ! accurate relation among ! illum9at$ p>ts !mselves1 ) respect to ! degree 9 :i* !y are influ5c$ by ! color ( ! light itself1 :e!r w>m or cold2 s t ! :ole ( ! picture 7or1 :]e sev]al tones are unit$1 ^? p>ts ( x :i* are "u ea*17 may be felt to be 9 "o climate1 "u "o k9d ( light1 & 9 "o k9d ( atmosph]e2 ?is be+ *iefly dep5d5t on t peculi> & inexplicable quality ( ea* color laid on1 :i* makes ! eye feel bo? :at is ! actual color ( ! object repres5t$1 & t x is rais$ to its app>5t pit* by illum9ation4 ,a v bright br[n1 = in/ance1 out ( sun%9e1 may be precisely ( ! same %ade ( color z a v dead or cold br[n 9 sun%9e1 b x w be totally diff]5t 9 quality2 & t quality by :i* ! illum9at$ dead color w\ld be felt 9 nature diff]5t f ! unillum9at$ bright "o1 is :at arti/s are p]petually aim+ at1 & connoisseurs talk+ nons5se ab\t1 "u ! "n ( tone4 ,! want ( tone 9 pictures is caus$ by objects look+ bright 9 _! own positive hue1 & n by illum9ation1 & by ! consequ5t want ( s5sation ( ! rais+ ( _! hues by light4 ,sec4 #c4 ,diff]5ce betwe5 tone 9 its fir/ s5se & a]ial p]spective4 ,! fir/ ( ^! mean+s ( ! ^w tone is liable to be conf\nd$ ) :at is commonly call$ a]ial p]spective4 ,b a]ial p]spective is ! expression ( space1 by any means :atsoev]1 %>pness ( edge1 vividness ( color1 etc41 assi/$ by great] pit* ( %ad[1 & requires only t objects %\ld be deta*$ f ea* o!r1 by degrees ( int5sity 9 proportion to _! di/ance1 )\t requir+ t ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! f>!/ & ne>e/ %\ld be 9 positive quantity ! same t nature has put4 ,b :at ,i h call$ tone requires t !re %\ld be ! same sum ( diff]5ce1 z well z ! same division ( diff]5ces4 ,sec4 #d4 ,! pictures ( ! old ma/]s p]fect 9 relation ( middle t9ts to light4 ,n[ ! f9ely ton$ pictures ( ! old ma/]s are1 9 ?is respect1 "s ( ! notes ( nature play$ two or ?ree octaves bel[ h] key2 ! d>k objects 9 ! middle di/ance hav+ precisely ! same relation to ! light ( ! sky :i* !y h 9 nature1 b ! light be+ necess>ily inf9itely l[]$1 & ! mass ( ! %ad[ deep5$ 9 ! same degree4 ,i h (t5 be5 /ruck1 :5 look+ at a cam]a-obscuro on a d>k day1 ) ! exact resemblance ! image bore to "o ( ! f9e/ pictures ( ! old ma/]s2 all ! foliage com+ d>k aga9/ ! sky1 & no?+ be+ se5 9 its mass b "h & !re ! isolat$ light ( a silv]y /em or an unusually illum9$ clu/] ( leafage4 ,sec4 #e4 ,& consequ5tly totally false 9 relation ( middle t9ts to d>kness4 ,n[ if ?is c\ld be done consi/5tly1 & all ! notes ( nature giv5 9 ?is way an octave or two d[n1 x w\ld be "r & necess>y s to d3 b be x obs]v$1 n only does nature surpass u 9 p[] ( obta9+ light z mu* z ! sun surpasses :ite pap]1 b %e also inf9itely surpasses u 9 h] p[] ( %ade4 ,h] deepe/ %ades are void spaces f :i* no light :atev] is reflect$ to ! eye2 ours are black surfaces f :i*1 pa9t z black z we may1 a great deal ( light is /ill reflect$1 & :i*1 plac$ aga9/ "o ( nature's deep bits ( gloom1 w\ld tell z di/9ct light4 ,"h we are !n1 ) :ite pap] = our highe/ light1 & visible illum9$ surface = our deepe/ %ad[1 set to run ! gauntlet aga9/ nature1 ) ! sun = h] light1 & vacuity = h] gloom4 ,x is evid5t t %e c well af=d to ?r[ h] mat]ial objects d>k aga9/ ! brilliant a]ial tone ( h] sky1 & yet give 9 ^? objects !mselves a ?\s& int]m$iate di/ances & tones be=e %e comes to black1 or to any?+ l x--all ! illum9$ surfaces ( h] objects be+ z di/9ctly & vividly bright] ?an h] ne>e/ & d>ke/ %ad[s1 z ! sky is bright] ?an ^? illum9$ surfaces4 ,b if we1 aga9/ our poor1 dull obscurity ( yell[ pa9t1 in/ead ( sky1 insi/ on hav+ ! same relation ( %ade 9 mat]ial objects1 we g d[n to ! bottom ( our scale at once2 & :at 9 ! _w are we to d !n8 ,:]e are all our int]m$iate di/ances to come f8--h[ are we to express ! a]ial relations among ! p>ts !mselves1 = in/ance1 ( foliage1 ^: mo/ di/ant b\ghs are already almo/ black8--h[ are we to come up f ?is to ! =egr\nd1 & :5 we h done s1 h[ are we to express ! di/9ction betwe5 its solid p>ts1 already z d>k z we c make !m1 & its vacant holl[s1 :i* nature has m>k$ %>p & cle> & black1 among its light$ surfaces8 ,x _c b be evid5t at a glance1 t if to any "o ( ! /eps f "o di/ance to ano!r1 we give ! same quantity ( diff]5ce 9 pit* ( %ade :i* nature does1 we mu/ pay = ?is exp5diture ( our means by totally miss+ half a doz5 di/ances1 n a :it less important or m>k$1 & s sacrifice a multitude ( tru?s1 to obta9 "o4 ,& ?is1 accord+ly 0 ! means by :i* ! old ma/]s obta9$ _! 7tru?87 ( tone4 ,!y *ose ^? /eps ( di/ance :i* are ! mo/ conspicu\s & noticeable--t = in/ance f sky to foliage1 or f cl\ds to hills--& !y gave ^! _! precise pit* ( diff]5ce 9 %ade ) exquisite accuracy ( imitation4 ,_! means 7 !n exhau/$1 & !y 7 oblig$ to leave _! trees flat masses ( m]e fill$-up outl9e1 & to omit ! tru?s ( space 9 e individual "p ( _! picture by ! ?\s&4 ,b ?is !y did n c>e =2 x sav$ !m tr\ble2 !y rea*$ _! gr& end1 imitative effect2 !y ?ru/ home j at ! places :]e ! common & c>eless eye looks = imitation1 & !y atta9$ ! broade/ & mo/ fai?ful appe>ance ( tru? ( tone :i* art c exhibit4 ,sec4 #f4 ,g5]al falsehood ( su* a sy/em4 ,b !y are prodigals1 & fooli% prodigals1 9 art2 !y lavi% _! :ole means to get "o tru?1 & leave !mselves p[]less :5 !y %\ld seize a ?\s&4 ,& is x inde$ wor?y ( be+ call$ a tru?1 :5 we h a va/ hi/ory giv5 u to relate1 to ! fulness ( :i* nei!r our limits nor our language are adequate1 in/ead ( giv+ all its p>ts abridg$ 9 ! ord] ( _! importance1 to omit or d5y ! great] "p ( !m1 t we may dwell ) v]bal fidelity on two or ?ree8 ,nay1 ! v tru? to :i* ! re/ are sacrific$ is r5d]$ falsehood by _! abs5ce1 ! relation ( ! tree to ! sky is m>k$ z an impossibility by ! want ( relation ( its p>ts to ea* o!r4 ,sec4 #g4 ,! pr9ciple ( ,turn] 9 ?is respect4 ,turn] />ts f ! beg9n+ ) a totally diff]5t pr9ciple4 ,he boldly takes pure :ite 7& ju/ly1 = x is ! sign ( ! mo/ int5se sunbeams7 = 8 highe/ light1 & lampblack = 8 deepe/ %ade2 & betwe5 ^! he makes e degree ( %ade indicative ( sep>ate degree ( di/ance1#af giv+ ea* /ep ( approa*1 n ! exact diff]5ce 9 pit* :i* x w\ld h 9 nature1 b a diff]5ce be>+ ! same proportion to t :i* 8 sum ( possible %ade be>s to ! sum ( nature's %ade2 s t an object half way betwe5 8 horizon & 8 =egr\nd1 w be exactly 9 half t9t ( =ce1 & e m9ute division ( int]m$iate space w h j its proportionate %>e ( ! less] sum1 & no m4 ,h5ce :]e ! old ma/]s express$ "o di/ance1 he expresses a hundr$2 & :]e !y said furlongs1 he says leagues4 ,:i* ( ^! modes ( proc$ure be mo/ agreeable ) tru?1 ,i ?9k ,i may safely leave ! read] to decide = himself4 ,he w see 9 ?is v fir/ in/ance1 "o pro( ( :at we above ass]t$1 t ! deceptive imitation ( nature is inconsi/5t ) real tru?2 = ! v means by :i* ! old ma/]s atta9$ ! app>5t accuracy ( tone :i* is s satisfy+ to ! eye1 compell$ !m to give up all idea ( real relations ( retirem5t1 & to repres5t a few successive & m>k$ /ages ( di/ance1 l ! sc5es ( a !atre1 in/ead ( ! imp]ceptible1 multitud9\s1 symmetrical retirem5t ( nature1 :o is n m c>eful to sep>ate h] ne>e/ bu% f h] f>!/ "o1 ?an to sep>ate ! ne>e/ b\gh ( t bu% f ! "o next to x4 ,sec4 #h4 ,comp>ison ( ,n4 ,p\ss9's ,phocion1 ,take = in/ance1 "o ( ! f9e/ l&scapes t anci5t art has produc$--! "w ( a really great & intellectual m9d1 ! quiet ,ni*olas ,p\ss91 9 our own ,national ,gall]y1 ) ! travell] wa%+ 8 feet4 ,! fir/ idea we receive f ?is picture is1 t x is ev5+1 & all ! light com+ f ! horizon4 ,n s4 ,x is full moon1 ! light com+ /eep f ! left1 z is %[n by ! %ad[ ( ! /ick on ! "r-h& p$e/al1--7= if ! sun 7 n v high1 t %ad[ c\ld n lose itself half way d[n1 & if x 7 n lat]al1 ! %ad[ w\ld slope1 in/ead ( be+ v]tical47 ,n[1 ask y\rself1 & answ] c&idly1 if ^? black masses ( foliage1 9 :i* sc>cely any =m is se5 b ! outl9e1 be a true repres5tation ( trees "u noonday sunlight1 slop+ f ! left1 br++ out1 z x necess>ily w\ld d1 _! masses into gold5 gre51 & m>k+ e leaf & b\gh ) %>p %ad[ & sp>kl+ light4 ,! only tru? 9 ! picture is ! exact pit* ( relief aga9/ ! sky ( bo? trees & hills1 & to ?is ! organization ( ! hills1 ! intricacy ( ! foliage1 & ev]y?+ indicative ei!r ( ! nature ( ! light1 or ! "* ( ! objects1 are unhesitat+ly sacrific$4 ,s mu* falsehood does x co/ to obta9 two app>5t tru?s ( tone4 ,or take1 z a /ill m gl>+ in/ance1 ,no4 #bfj 9 ! ,dulwi* ,gall]y1 :]e ! trunks ( ! trees1 ev5 ( ^? f>!/ (f1 on ! left1 are z black z pa9t c make !m1 & !re is n1 & _c be1 ! slighte/ increase ( =ce1 or any m>k+ :atsoev] ( di/ance by color1 or any o!r means1 betwe5 !m & ! =egr\nd4 ,sec4 #i4 ,) ,turn]'s ,m]cury & ,argus4 ,comp>e ) ^!1 ,turn]'s treatm5t ( 8 mat]ials 9 ! ,m]cury & ,argus4 ,he has "h 8 light actually com+ f ! di/ance1 ! sun be+ ne>ly 9 ! c5tre ( ! picture1 & a viol5t relief ( objects aga9/ x w\ld be f> m ju/ifiable ?an 9 ,p\ss9's case4 ,b ?is d>k relief is us$ 9 its full =ce only ) ! ne>e/ leaves ( ! ne>e/ gr\p ( foliage ov]hang+ ! =egr\nd f ! left2 & betwe5 ^! & ! m di/ant memb]s ( ! same gr\p1 ?\gh only ?ree or f\r y>ds sep>ate1 di/9ct a]ial p]spective & int]v5+ mi/ & light are %[n2 :ile ! l>ge tree 9 ! c5tre1 ?\gh v d>k1 z be+ v ne>1 comp>$ ) all ! di/ance1 is mu* dim9i%$ 9 int5sity ( %ade f ?is ne>e/ gr\p ( leaves1 & is fa9t comp>$ ) all ! =egr\nd4 ,x is true t ?is tree has n1 9 consequ5ce1 ! actual pit* ( %ade aga9/ ! sky :i* x w\ld h 9 nature2 b x has precisely z mu* z x possibly c h1 to leave x ! same proportionate relation to ! objects ne> at h&4 ,& x _c b be evid5t to ! ?\ghtful read]1 t :atev] trick]y or deception may be ! result ( a contr>y mode ( treatm5t1 ?is is ! only sci5tific or ess5tially tru?ful sy/em1 & t :at x loses 9 tone x ga9s 9 a]ial p]spective4 ,sec4 #aj4 ,& ) ! ,datur ,hora ,quieti4 ,comp>e aga9 ! la/ vignette 9 ,rog]s's ,poems1 ! ,datur ,hora ,quieti1 :]e ev]y?+1 ev5 ! d>ke/ p>ts ( ! trees1 is kept pale & full ( graduation2 ev5 ! bridge :]e x crosses ! desc5d+ /ream ( sun%9e1 r lo/ 9 ! light ?an reliev$ aga9/ x1 until we come up to ! =egr\nd1 & !n ! vigor\s local black ( ! pl\gh ?r[s ! :ole picture into di/ance & sun%9e4 ,i d n "k any?+ 9 art :i* c = a mom5t be set beside ?is draw+ = unit$ int5sity ( light & repose4 ,obs]ve1 ,i am n at pres5t speak+ ( ! beauty or desirabl5ess ( ! sy/em ( ! old ma/]s2 x may be sublime1 & affect+1 & ideal1 & intellectual1 & a great deal m2 b all ,i am conc]n$ ) at pres5t is1 t x is n true2 :ile ,turn]'s is ! close/ & mo/ /udi$ approa* to tru? ( :i* ! mat]ials ( art admit4 ,sec4 #aa4 ,! second s5se ( ! ^w tone4 ,sec4 #ab4 ,rem>kable diff]5ce 9 ?is respect betwe5 ! pa9t+s & draw+s ( ,turn]4 ,sec4 #ac4 ,n ow+ to want ( p[] ov] ! mat]ial4 ,x 0 n1 !re=e1 ) ref]5ce to ?is division ( ! subject t ,i admitt$ inf]iority 9 our great mod]n ma/] to ,claude or ,p\ss91 b ) ref]5ce to ! second & m usual mean+ ( ! ^w tone--! exact relation & fitness ( %ad[ & light1 & ( ! hues ( all objects "u !m2 & m especially t preci\s quality ( ea* color laid on1 :i* makes x appe> a quiet color illum9at$1 n a bright color 9 %ade4 ,b ,i all[ ?is inf]iority only ) respect to ! pa9t+s ( ,turn]1 n to 8 draw+s4 ,i c\ld select f among ! works nam$ 9 ,*ap4 ,,vi4 ( ?is section1 pieces ( tone absolutely faultless & p]fect1 f ! coole/ grays ( w9try dawn to ! int5se fire ( summ] noon4 ,& ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! prevail+ "* ( ^! & t ( ne>ly all ! pa9t+s1 7= ! e>ly oil pictures ( ,turn] are f> less p]fect 9 tone ?an ! mo/ rec5t17 x is difficult to acc\nt =1 b on ! supposition t !re is some?+ 9 ! mat]ial :i* mod]n arti/s 9 g5]al are incapable ( ma/]+1 & :i* compels ,turn] himself to ?9k less ( tone 9 oil color1 ?an ( o!r & m important qualities4 ,! total failures ( ,callcott1 ^: /ruggles aft] tone end$ s inv>iably 9 %iv]+ w9t] or br[n pa9t1 ! mis=tune ( ,l&se] ) 8 ev5+ sky 9 #ahdb1 ! frigidity ( ,/anfield1 & ! e>?9ess & opacity :i* all ! magnific5t p[] & admirable sci5ce ( ,etty are unable entirely to conqu]1 are too fatal & conv9c+ pro(s ( ! want ( k ( means1 r ?an ( ! abs5ce ( aim1 9 mod]n arti/s z a body4 ,yet1 ) respect to ,turn]1 h[ev] mu* ! want ( tone 9 8 e>ly pa9t+s 7! ,fall ( ,c>?age1 = in/ance1 & o!rs pa9t$ at a "t :5 he 0 produc+ ! mo/ exquisite hues ( light 9 wat]-color7 might seem to favor su* a supposition1 !re are passages 9 8 rec5t works 7su*1 = in/ance1 z ! sunlight along ! sea1 9 ! ,slav]7 :i* directly contradict x1 & :i* prove to u t :]e he n[ errs 9 tone1 7z 9 ! ,cic]o's ,villa17 x is less ow+ to want ( p[] to rea* x1 ?an to ! pursuit ( "s diff]5t & nobl] end4 ,i %all !re=e glance at ! p>ticul> modes 9 :i* ,turn] manages 8 tone 9 8 pres5t ,academy pictures2 ! e>ly ones mu/ be giv5 up at once4 ,place a g5u9e unt\*$ ,claude beside ! ,cross+ ! ,brook1 & ! diff]5ce 9 value & t5d]ness ( tone w be felt 9 an in/ant1 & felt ! m pa9fully because all ! cool & transp>5t qualities ( ,claude w\ld h be5 "h desirable1 & 9 _! place1 & appe> to h be5 aim$ at4 ,! =egr\nd ( ! ,build+ ( ,c>?age1 & ! great] "p ( ! ar*itecture ( ! ,fall1 are equally heavy & evid5tly pa9t1 if we comp>e !m ) g5u9e passages ( ,claude's sun%9e4 ,!re is a v gr& & simple piece ( tone 9 ! possession ( ,j4 ,allnutt1 ,esq41 a sunset beh9d will[s1 b ev5 ?is is want+ 9 ref9em5t ( %ad[1 & is crude 9 its extreme di/ance4 ,n s ) ! rec5t ,academy pictures2 _m ( _! passages are absolutely faultless2 all are ref9$ & m>vell\s1 & ) ! exception ( ! ,cic]o's ,villa1 we %all f9d few pictures pa9t$ )9 ! la/ t5 ye>s :i* d n ei!r pres5t u ) p]fect tone1 or ) "s high] beauty1 to :i* x is necess>ily sacrific$4 ,if we glance at ! requirem5ts ( nature1 & h] sup]iority ( means to ours1 we %all see :y & h[ x is sacrific$4 ,sec4 #ad4 ,! two di/9ct qualities ( light to be consid]$4 ,light1 ) ref]5ce to ! tone x induces on objects1 is ei!r to be consid]$ z neutral & :ite1 br++ out local colors ) fidelity2 or color$1 & consequ5tly modify+ ^! local t9ts1 ) its own4 ,b ! p[] ( pure :ite light to exhibit local color is /rangely v>iable4 ,! morn+ light ( ab\t n9e or t5 is usually v pure2 b ! diff]5ce ( its effect on diff]5t days1 indep5d5tly ( m]e brilliancy1 is z inconceivable z inexplicable4 ,e "o kn[s h[ caprici\sly ! colors ( a f9e opal v>y f day to day1 & h[ r>e ! lights are :i* br+ !m fully out4 ,n[ ! expression ( ! /range1 p5etrat+1 deep1 neutral light1 :i*1 :ile x alt]s no color1 br+s e color up to ! highe/ possible pit* & key ( pure1 h>moni\s int5sity1 is ! *ief attribute ( f9ely-ton$ pictures by ! great colori/s z oppos$ to pictures ( equally high tone1 by ma/]s :o1 c>eless ( color1 are cont5t1 l ,cuyp1 to lose local t9ts 9 ! gold5 blaze ( absorb+ light4 ,sec4 #ae4 ,falsehoods by :i* ,titian atta9s ! appe>ance ( quality 9 light4 ,falsehood1 9 ?is neutral tone1 if x may be s call$1 is a matt] f> m ( feel+ ?an ( pro(1 = any color is possible "u su* lights2 x is meagr5ess & feebl5ess only :i* are to be avoid$2 & ^! are r matt]s ( s5sation ?an ( reason+4 ,b x is yet easy en\gh to prove by :at exagg]at$ & false means ! pictures mo/ celebrat$ = ?is quality are end[$ ) _! ri*ness & solemnity ( color4 ,9 ! ,bac*us & ,ariadne ( ,titian1 x is difficult to imag9e any?+ m magnific5tly impossible ?an ! blue ( ! di/ant l&scape2--impossible1 n f its vividness1 b because x is n fa9t & a]ial en\gh to acc\nt = its purity ( color2 x is too d>k & blue at ! same "t2 & !re is inde$ s total a want ( atmosph]e 9 x1 t1 b = ! diff]5ce ( =m1 x w\ld be impossible to tell ! m\nta9s 7int5d$ to be t5 miles (f7 f ! robe ( ,ariadne close to ! spectator4 ,yet make ?is blue fa9t1 a]ial1 & di/ant--make x 9 ! slighte/ degree to resemble ! tru? ( nature's color--& all ! tone ( ! picture1 all its int5sity & spl5dor1 w vani% on ! in/ant4 ,s aga91 9 ! exquisite & inimitable little bit ( color1 ! ,europa 9 ! ,dulwi* ,gall]y2 ! blue ( ! d>k promontory on ! left is ?or\ghly absurd & impossible1 & ! w>m tones ( ! cl\ds equally s1 unless x 7 sunset2 b ! blue especially1 because x is ne>] ?an sev]al po9ts ( l& :i* are equally 9 %ad[1 & yet are r5d]$ 9 w>m gray4 ,b ! :ole value & tone ( ! picture w\ld be de/roy$ if ?is blue 7 alt]$4 ,sec4 #af4 ,turn] w n use su* means4 ,sec4 #ag4 ,b ga9s 9 ess5tial tru? by ! sacrifice4 ,sec4 #ah4 ,! second quality ( light4 ,n[1 z mu* ( ?is k9d ( ri*ness ( tone is always giv5 by ,turn] z is compatible ) tru? ( a]ial effect2 b he w n sacrifice ! high] tru?s ( 8 l&scape to m]e pit* ( color z ,titian does4 ,he inf9itely pref]s hav+ ! p[] ( giv+ ext5sion ( space1 & fulness ( =m1 to t ( giv+ deep melodies ( tone2 he feels too mu* ! incapacity ( art1 ) its feeble means ( light1 to give ! abundance ( nature's gradations2 & !re=e x is1 t tak+ pure :ite = 8 highe/ expression ( light1 t ev5 pure yell[ may give him "o m /ep 9 ! scale ( %ade1 he becomes necess>ily inf]ior 9 ri*ness ( effect to ! old ma/]s ( tone1 7:o always us$ a gold5 highe/ light17 b ga9s by ! sacrifice a ?\s& m ess5tial tru?s4 ,=1 ?\gh we all "k h[ mu* m l light1 9 ! ab/ract1 a f9ely-ton$ w>m hue w be to ! feel+s ?an :ite1 yet x is utt]ly impossible to m>k ! same numb] ( gradations betwe5 su* a sob]$ high light & ! deepe/ %ad[1 :i* we c betwe5 ?is & :ite2 & z ^! gradations are absolutely necess>y to give ! facts ( =m & di/ance1 :i*1 z we h above %[n1 are m important ?an any tru?s ( tone1#ag ,turn] sacrifices ! ri*ness ( 8 picture to its complet5ess--! mann] ( ! /atem5t to its matt]4 ,& n only is he "r 9 do+ ?is = ! sake ( space1 b he is "r also 9 ! ab/ract "q ( color2 = z we obs]v$ above 7,sect4 #ad17 x is only ! :ite light--! p]fect unmodifi$ gr\p ( rays--:i* w br+ out local color p]fectly2 & if ! picture1 !re=e1 is to be complete 9 its sy/em ( color1 t is1 if x is to h ea* ( ! ?ree primitives 9 _! purity1 x mu/ h :ite = its highe/ light1 o!rwise ! purity ( "o ( !m at lea/ w be impossible4 ,& ?is leads u to notice ! second & m frequ5t quality ( light1 7:i* is assum$ if we make our highe/ repres5tation ( x yell[17 ! positive hue1 namely1 :i* x may itself possess1 ( c\rse modify+ :atev] local t9ts x exhibits1 & !reby r5d]+ c]ta9 colors necess>y1 & c]ta9 colors impossible4 ,"u ! direct yell[ light ( a desc5d+ sun1 = in/ance1 pure :ite & pure blue are bo? impossible2 because ! pure/ :ites & blues t nature c\ld produce w\ld be turn$ 9 "s degree into gold or gre5 by x2 & :5 ! sun is )9 half a degree ( ! horizon1 if ! sky be cle>1 a rose light sup]s$es ! gold5 "o1 /ill m ov]:elm+ 9 its effect on local color4 ,i h se5 ! pale fre% gre5 ( spr+ vegetation 9 ! g>d5s ( ,v5ice1 on ! ,lido side1 turn$ pure russet1 or betwe5 t & crimson1 by a vivid sunset ( ?is k9d1 e p>ticle ( gre5 color be+ absolutely annihilat$4 ,& s "u all color$ lights1 7& !re are few1 f dawn to twilight1 :i* are n slightly t9t$ by "s accid5t ( atmosph]e17 !re is a *ange ( local color1 :i*1 :5 9 a picture x is s exactly proportion$ t we feel at once bo? :at ! local colors are 9 !mselves1 & :at is ! color & /r5g? ( ! light ^u !m1 gives u tru? ( tone4 ,sec4 #ai4 ,! p]fection ( ,cuyp 9 ?is respect int]f]$ ) by num]\s solecisms4 ,= expression ( effects ( yell[ sunlight1 p>ts might be *os5 out ( ! good pictures ( ,cuyp1 :i* h nev] be5 equall$ 9 art4 ,b ,i mu* d\bt if !re be a s+le bright ,cuyp 9 ! _w1 :i*1 tak5 z a :ole1 does n pres5t _m gl>+ solecisms 9 tone4 ,i h n se5 _m f9e pictures ( 81 :i* 7 n utt]ly spoil$ by ! v]milion dress ( "s pr9cipal figure1 a v]milion totally unaffect$ & unw>m$ by ! gold5 hue ( ! re/ ( ! picture2 &1 :at is worse1 ) little di/9ction1 betwe5 its own illum9$ & %ad$ p>ts1 s t x appe>s altoge!r out ( sun%9e1 ! color ( a bright v]milion 9 dead1 cold daylight4 ,x is possible t ! orig9al color may h gone d[n 9 all cases1 or t ^! p>ts may h be5 villan\sly repa9t$3 b ,i am ! r dispos$ to believe !m g5u9e1 because ev5 ?r\gh\t ! be/ ( 8 pictures !re are evid5t recurr5ces ( ! same k9d ( solecism 9 o!r colors--gre5s = in/ance--z 9 ! /eep bank on ! "r ( ! l>ge/ picture 9 ! ,dulwi* ,gall]y2 & br[ns1 z 9 ! ly+ c[ 9 ! same picture1 :i* is 9 mo/ visible & pa9ful contra/ ) ! "o /&+ beside x1 ! flank ( ! /&+ "o be+ ba!d 9 brea?+ sun%9e1 & ! repos+ "o laid 9 ) z dead1 opaque1 & lifeless br[n z ev] came raw f a novice's pallet4 ,& aga91 9 t m>k$ #hc1 :ile ! figures on ! "r are walk+ 9 ! mo/ preci\s light1 & ^? j beyond !m 9 ! di/ance leave a furlong or two ( pure visible sunbeams betwe5 u & !m1 ! c[s 9 ! c5tre are entirely depriv$1 poor ?+s1 ( bo? light & air4 ,& ^! fail+ p>ts1 ?\gh !y (t5 escape ! eye :5 we are ne> ! picture & able to dwell ^u :at is beautiful 9 x1 yet s injure its :ole effect t ,i "q if !re be _m ,cuyps 9 :i* vivid colors occur1 :i* w n lose _! effect1 & become cold & flat at a di/ance ( t5 or twelve paces1 reta9+ _! influ5ce only :5 ! eye is close en\gh to re/ on ! "r p>ts )\t includ+ ! :ole4 ,take1 = in/ance1 ! l>ge "o 9 our ,national ,gall]y1 se5 f ! opposite door1 :]e ! black c[ appe>s a great deal ne>] ?an ! dogs1 & ! gold5 tones ( ! di/ance look l a sepia draw+ r ?an l sun%9e1 ow+ *iefly to ! utt] want ( a]ial grays indicat$ ?r\gh !m4 ,sec4 #bj4 ,turn] is n s p]fect 9 p>ts--f> m s 9 ! :ole4 ,n[1 !re is no in/ance 9 ! works ( ,turn] ( any?+ s fai?ful & imitative ( sun%9e z ! be/ p>ts ( ,cuyp2 b at ! same "t1 !re is n a s+le ve/ige ( ! same k9d ( solecism4 ,x is true1 t 9 8 fondness = color1 ,turn] is 9 ! habit ( all[+ excessively cold fragm5ts 9 big w>me/ pictures2 b ^! are nev]1 obs]ve1 w>m colors ) no light ^u !m1 useless z contra/s :ile !y are discords 9 ! tone2 b !y are bits ( ! v coole/ t9ts1 p>tially remov$ f ! g5]al influ5ce1 & exquisitely valuable z color1 ?\gh1 ) all def]5ce be x spok51 ,i ?9k !m sometimes slightly de/ructive ( :at w\ld o!rwise be p]fect tone4 ,= in/ance1 ! two blue & :ite /ripes on ! drift+ flag ( ! ,slave ,%ip1 are1 ,i ?9k1 ! lea/ degree too purely cool4 ,i ?9k bo? ! blue & :ite w\ld be impossible "u su* a light2 & 9 ! same way ! :ite p>ts ( ! dress ( ! ,napoleon int]f]$ by _! coolness ) ! p]fectly manag$ w>m? ( all ! re/ ( ! picture4 ,b bo? ^! lights are reflexes1 & x is ne>ly impossible to say :at tones may be assum$ ev5 by ! w>me/ light reflect$ f a cool surface2 s t we _c actually convict ^! p>ts ( falsehood1 & ?\gh we %\ld h lik$ ! tone ( ! picture bett] _h !y be5 slightly w>m]1 we _c b l ! color ( ! picture bett] ) !m z !y are2 :ile ,cuyp's fail+ portions are n only evid5tly & demon/rably false1 be+ 9 direct light1 b are z disagreeable 9 color z false 9 tone1 & injuri\s to ev]y?+ ne> !m4 ,& ! be/ pro( ( ! grammatical accuracy ( ! tones ( ,turn] is 9 ! p]fect & un*ang+ influ5ce ( all 8 pictures at any di/ance4 ,we approa* only to foll[ ! sun%9e into e cranny ( ! leafage1 & retire only to feel x diffus$ ov] ! sc5e1 ! :ole picture gl[+ l a sun or /> at :atev] di/ance we /&1 & light+ ! air betwe5 u & x2 :ile _m ev5 ( ! be/ pictures ( ,claude mu/ be look$ close into to be felt1 & lose light e foot t we retire4 ,! smalle/ ( ! ?ree seaports 9 ! ,national ,gall]y is valuable & "r 9 tone :5 we are close to x2 b t5 y>ds (f1 x is all brick-du/1 (f5sively & evid5tly false 9 its :ole hue4 ,sec4 #ba4 ,! p[] 9 ,turn] ( unit+ a numb] ( tones4 ,! comp>ison ( ,turn] ) ,cuyp & ,claude may s\nd /range 9 mo/ e>s2 b ?is is *iefly because we are n 9 ! habit ( analyz+ & dwell+ ^u ^? difficult & d>+ passages ( ! mod]n ma/] :i* d n at fir/ appeal to our ord9>y notions ( tru?1 ow+ to 8 habit ( unit+ two1 ?ree1 or ev5 m sep>ate tones 9 ! same composition4 ,9 ?is also he /rictly foll[s nature1 = :]ev] climate *anges1 tone *anges1 & ! climate *anges ) e #bjj feet ( elevation1 s t ! upp] cl\ds are always diff]5t 9 tone f ! l[] ones1 ^! f ! re/ ( ! l&scape1 & 9 all probability1 "s "p ( ! horizon f ! re/4 ,& :5 nature all[s ?is 9 a high degree1 z 9 h] mo/ gorge\s effects %e always w1 %e does n h]self impress at once ) int5sity ( tone1 z 9 ! deep & quiet yell[s ( a ,july ev5+1 b r ) ! magnific5ce & v>iety ( associat$ color1 9 :i*1 if we give "t & att5tion to x1 we %all gradually f9d ! solemnity & ! dep? ( tw5ty tones in/ead ( "o4 ,n[ 9 ,turn]'s p[] ( associat+ cold ) w>m light1 no "o has ev] approa*$1 or ev5 v5tur$ into ! same field ) him4 ,! old ma/]s1 cont5t ) "o simple tone1 sacrific$ to its unity all ! exquisite gradations & v>i$ t\*es ( relief & *ange by :i* nature unites h] h\rs ) ea* o!r4 ,!y gave ! w>m? ( ! s9k+ sun1 ov]:elm+ all ?+s 9 its gold2 b !y did n give ^? gray passages ab\t ! horizon :]e1 se5 ?r\gh its dy+ light1 ! cool & ! gloom ( night ga!r !mselves = _! victory4 ,:e!r x 0 9 !m impot5ce or judgm5t1 x is n = me to decide4 ,i h only to po9t to ! d>+ ( ,turn] 9 ?is respect1 z some?+ to :i* art af=ds no matt] ( comp>ison1 z t 9 :i* ! m]e attempt is1 9 itself1 sup]iority4 ,take ! ev5+ effect ) ! ,tem]aire4 ,t picture w n1 at ! fir/ glance1 deceive z a piece ( actual sunlight2 b ?is is because !re is 9 x m ?an sunlight1 because "u ! blaz+ veil ( vault$ fire :i* lights ! vessel on h] la/ pa?1 !re is a blue1 deep1 desolate holl[ ( d>kness1 out ( :i* y c he> ! voice ( ! night w9d1 & ! dull boom ( ! di/urb$ sea2 because ! cold1 deadly %ad[s ( ! twilight are ga!r+ ?r\gh e sunbeam1 & mom5t by mom5t z y look1 y w fancy "s new film & fa9tness ( ! night has ris5 ov] ! va/ness ( ! dep>t+ =m4 ,sec4 #bb4 ,recapitulation4 ,& if1 9 effects ( ?is k9d1 "t be tak5 to dwell ^u ! individual tones1 & to /udy ! laws ( _! reconcilem5t1 !re w be f\nd 9 ! rec5t ,academy pictures ( ?is great arti/ a mass ( v>i\s tru? to :i* no?+ c be br\ght = comp>ison1 :i* /&s n only unrivall$1 b uncont5d$ )1 & :i*1 :5 9 c>ry+ out x may be inf]ior to "s ( ! pick$ passages ( ! old ma/]s1 is s ?r\gh delib]ate *oice r to sugge/ a multitude ( tru?s ?an to imitate "o1 & ?r\gh a /rife ) difficulties ( effect ( :i* art c af=d no p>allel example4 ,nay1 9 ! next *apt]1 respect+ color1 we %all see f>!r reason = d\bt+ ! tru? ( ,claude1 ,cuyp1 & ,p\ss91 9 tone1--reason s palpable t if ^! 7 all t 7 to be cont5d$ )1 ,i %\ld sc>cely h all[$ any inf]iority 9 ,turn] :atsoev]2#ah b ,i all[ x1 n s mu* ) ref]5ce to ! deceptive imitations ( sunlight1 wr\ght out ) desp]ate exagg]ations ( %ade1 ( ! pr(ess$ l&scape pa9t]s1 z ) ref]5ce to ! glory ( ,rub5s1 ! gl[ ( ,titian1 ! silv] t5d]ness ( ,cagli>i1 & p]haps m ?an all to ! preci\s & pure passages ( int5se feel+ & heav5ly light1 holy & undefil$1 & glori\s ) ! *angeless passion ( et]nity1 :i* sanctify ) _! %adeless peace ! deep & noble conceptions ( ! e>ly s*ool ( ,italy1--( ,fra ,b>tolomeo1 ,p]ug9o1 & ! e>ly m9d ( ,raffaelle4 ,,footnotes #af ,( c\rse ,i am n speak+ "h ( treatm5t ( *i>oscuro1 b ( t quantity ( dep? ( %ade by :i*1 coet]is p>ibus1 a ne> object w exce$ a di/ant "o4 ,= ! tru? ( ! sy/ems ( ,turn] & ! old ma/]s1 z reg>ds *i>oscuro1 vide ,*apt] ,,iii4 ( ?is ,section1 ,sec4 #h4 #ag ,m important1 obs]ve1 z matt]s ( tru? or fact4 ,x may (t5 *ance t1 z a matt] ( feel+1 ! tone is ! m important ( ! two2 b ) ?is we h "h no conc]n4 #ah ,we mu/ n leave ! subject ( tone )\t allud+ to ! works ( ! late ,george ,b>rett1 :i* af=d glori\s & exalt$ passages ( light2 & ,john ,v>ley1 :o1 ?\gh less tru?ful 9 8 aim1 0 frequ5tly deep 9 8 feel+4 ,"s ( ! sket*es ( ,de ,w9t are also admirable 9 ?is respect4 ,z = our oil pictures1 ! less t is said ab\t !m ! bett]4 ,callcott has ! true/ aim2 b n hav+ any eye = color1 x is impossible = him to succe$ 9 tone4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,( ,,tru? ,,( ,,color4 ,sec4 #a4 ,obs]vations on ! color ( ,g4 ,p\ss9's ,la ,riccia4 ,!re is1 9 ! fir/ room ( ! ,national ,gall]y1 a l&scape attribut$ to ,gasp> ,p\ss91 call$ sometimes ,aricia1 sometimes ,le or ,la ,riccia1 accord+ to ! fancy ( catalogue pr9t]s4 ,:e!r x c be suppos$ to resemble ! anci5t ,aricia1 n[ ,la ,riccia1 close to ,albano1 ,i w n take ^u me to det]m9e1 see+ t mo/ ( ! t[ns ( ^! old ma/]s are q z l "o place z ano!r2 b1 at any rate1 x is a t[n on a hill1 wood$ ) two-&-?irty bu%es1 ( v uni=m size1 & possess+ ab\t ! same numb] ( leaves ea*4 ,^! bu%es are all pa9t$ 9 ) "o dull opaque br[n1 becom+ v slightly gre5i% t[>ds ! lights1 & discov] 9 "o place a bit ( rock1 :i* ( c\rse w\ld 9 nature h be5 cool & gray beside ! lu/r\s hues ( foliage1 & :i*1 !re=e1 be+ moreov] completely 9 %ade1 is consi/5tly & sci5tifically pa9t$ ( a v cle>1 pretty1 & positive brick-r$1 ! only ?+ l color 9 ! picture4 ,! =egr\nd is a piece ( road1 :i* 9 ord] to make all[ance = its great] ne>ness1 = its be+ completely 9 light1 &1 x may be presum$1 = ! quantity ( vegetation usually pres5t on c>riage-roads1 is giv5 9 a v cool gre5 gray1 & ! tru? ( ! picture is complet$ by a numb] ( dots 9 ! sky on ! "r1 ) a /alk to !m1 ( a sob] & simil> br[n4 ,sec4 #b4 ,z comp>$ ) ! actual sc5e4 ,n long ago1 ,i 0 sl[ly desc5d+ ?is v bit ( c>riage-road1 ! fir/ turn aft] y leave ,albano1 n a little imp$$ by ! wor?y successors ( ! anci5t prototypes ( ,vei5to4#ai ,x _h be5 wild wea!r :5 ,i left ,rome1 & all across ! ,campagna ! cl\ds 7 sweep+ 9 sulphur\s blue1 ) a clap ( ?und] or two1 & break+ gleams ( sun along ! ,claudian aqu$uct light+ up ! inf9ity ( its ar*es l ! bridge ( *aos4 ,b z ,i climb$ ! long slope ( ! ,alban m\nt1 ! /orm swept f9ally to ! nor?1 & ! noble outl9e ( ! domes ( ,albano & graceful d>kness ( its ilex grove rose aga9/ pure /reaks ( alt]nate blue & amb]1 ! upp] sky gradually flu%+ ?r\gh ! la/ fragm5ts ( ra9-cl\d 9 deep1 palpitat+ azure1 half e!r & half dew4 ,! noonday sun came slant+ d[n ! rocky slopes ( ,la ,riccia1 & its masses ( entangl$ & tall foliage1 ^: autumnal t9ts 7 mix$ ) ! wet v]dure ( a ?\s& ev]gre5s1 7 p5etrat$ ) x z ) ra94 ,i _c call x color1 x 0 conflagration4 ,purple1 & crimson1 & sc>let1 l ! curta9s ( ,god's tab]nacle1 ! rejoic+ trees sank into ! valley 9 %[]s ( light1 e sep>ate leaf quiv]+ ) buoyant & burn+ life2 ea*1 z x turn$ to reflect or to transmit ! sunbeam1 fir/ a tor* & !n an em]ald4 ,f> up into ! recesses ( ! valley1 ! gre5 vi/as ar*$ l ! holl[s ( mighty waves ( "s cry/all9e sea1 ) ! arbutus fl[]s da%$ along _! flanks = foam1 & silv] flakes ( orange spray toss$ into ! air ar\nd !m1 break+ ov] ! gray walls ( rock into a ?\s& sep>ate />s1 fad+ & k9dl+ alt]nately z ! weak w9d lift$ & let !m fall4 ,e glade ( grass burn$ l ! gold5 floor ( heav51 op5+ 9 sudd5 gleams z ! foliage broke & clos$ above x1 z %eet-lightn+ op5s 9 a cl\d at sunset2 ! motionless masses ( d>k rock--d>k ?\gh flu%$ ) sc>let li*51--ca/+ _! quiet %ad[s across its re/less radiance1 ! f\nta9 und]nea? !m fill+ its m>ble holl[ ) blue mi/ & fitful s\nd1 & ov] all--! multitud9\s b>s ( amb] & rose1 ! sacr$ cl\ds t h no d>kness1 & only exi/ to illum9e1 7 se5 9 fa?omless int]vals betwe5 ! solemn & orb$ repose ( ! /one p9es1 pass+ to lose !mselves 9 ! la/1 :ite1 bl9d+ lu/re ( ! measureless l9e :]e ! ,campagna melt$ into ! blaze ( ! sea4 ,sec4 #c4 ,turn] himself is inf]ior 9 brilliancy to nature4 ,tell me :o is like/ ?is1 ,p\ss9 or ,turn]8 ,n 9 8 mo/ d>+ & dazzl+ ef=ts c\ld ,turn] himself come ne> x2 b y c\ld n at ! "t h ?\ght or rememb]$ ! "w ( any o!r man z hav+ ! remote/ hue or resemblance ( :at y saw4 ,nor am ,i speak+ ( :at is uncommon or unnatural2 !re is no climate1 no place1 & sc>cely an h\r1 9 :i* nature does n exhibit color :i* no mortal ef=t c imitate or approa*4 ,= all our artificial pigm5ts are1 ev5 :5 se5 "u ! same circum/ances1 dead & lightless beside h] liv+ color2 ! gre5 ( a gr[+ leaf1 ! sc>let ( a fre% fl[]1 no art nor exp$i5t c rea*2 b 9 addition to ?is1 nature exhibits h] hues "u an int5sity ( sunlight :i* trebles _! brilliancy1 :ile ! pa9t]1 depriv$ ( ?is spl5did aid1 works /ill ) :at is actually a gray %ad[ comp>$ to ! =ce ( nature's color4 ,take a blade ( grass & a sc>let fl[]1 & place !m s z to receive sunlight beside ! brighte/ canvas t ev] left ,turn]'s easel1 & ! picture w be ext+ui%$4 ,s f> f out-fac+ nature1 he does n1 z f> z m]e vividness ( color goes1 "o-half rea* h]2--b does he use ?is brilliancy ( color on objects to :i* x does n prop]ly belong8 ,let u comp>e 8 works 9 ?is respect ) a few in/ances f ! old ma/]s4 ,sec4 #d4 ,impossible colors ( ,salvator1 ,titian2 ,!re is1 on ! left h& side ( ,salvator's ,m]cury & ! ,woodman 9 our ,national ,gall]y1 some?+1 )\t d\bt int5d$ = a rocky m\nta91 9 ! middle di/ance1 ne> en\gh = all its fissures & crags to be di/9ctly visible1 or1 r1 = a great _m awkw>d scrat*es ( ! bru% ov] x to be visible1 :i*1 ?\gh n p>ticul>ly repres5tative ei!r ( "o ?+ or ano!r1 are )\t d\bt int5d$ to be symbolical ( rocks4 ,n[ no m\nta9 9 full light1 & ne> en\gh = its details ( crag to be se51 is )\t great v>iety ( delicate color4 ,salvator has pa9t$ x ?r\gh\t )\t "o in/ant ( v>iation2 b ?is1 ,i suppose1 is simplicity & g5]alization2--let x pass3 b :at is ! color8 ,pure sky blue1 )\t "o gra9 ( gray1 or any modify+ hue :atsoev]2--! same bru% :i* _h j giv5 ! blue/ p>ts ( ! sky1 has be5 m load$ at ! same "p ( ! pallet1 & ! :ole m\nta9 ?r[n 9 ) unmitigat$ ultram>9e4 ,n[ m\nta9s only c become pure blue :5 !re is s mu* air betwe5 u & !m t !y become m]e flat1 d>k %ades1 e detail be+ totally lo/3 !y become blue :5 !y become air1 & n till !n4 ,consequ5tly ?is "p ( ,salvator's pa9t+1 be+ ( hills p]fectly cle> & ne>1 ) all _! details visible1 is1 z f> z color is conc]n$1 broad1 bold falsehood--! direct ass]tion ( direct impossibility4 ,9 ! :ole range ( ,turn]'s works1 rec5t or ( old date1 y w n f9d an in/ance ( any?+ ne> en\gh to h details visible1 pa9t$ 9 sky blue4 ,:]ev] ,turn] gives blue1 !re he gives atmosph]e2 x is air1 n object4 ,blue he gives to 8 sea2 s does nature2--blue he gives1 sapphire-deep1 to 8 extreme di/ance2 s does nature2--blue he gives to ! mi/y %ad[s & holl[s ( 8 hills2 s does nature3 b blue he gives n1 :]e detail & illum9$ surface are visible2 z he comes into light & "*1 s he breaks into w>m? & v>i$ hue2 nor is !re 9 "o ( 8 works1 & ,i speak ( ! ,academy pictures especially1 "o t\* ( cold color :i* is n to be acc\nt$ =1 & prov$ "r & full ( mean+4 ,i d n say t ,salvator's di/ance is n arti/-l2 bo? 9 t1 & 9 ! yet m gl>+ly false di/ances ( ,titian above allud$ to1 & 9 hundr$s ( o!rs ( equal boldness ( exagg]ation1 ,i c take delight1 & p]haps %\ld be sorry to see !m o!r ?an !y are2 b x is some:at s+ul> to he> p talk+ ( ,turn]'s exquisite c>e & wat*fulness 9 color z false1 :ile !y receive su* cases ( prepo/]\s & audaci\s fiction ) ! mo/ g5]\s & simple cr$ulity4 ,sec4 #e4 ,p\ss91 & ,claude4 ,aga91 9 ! upp] sky ( ! picture ( ,nicolas ,p\ss91 be=e notic$1 ! cl\ds are ( a v f9e cle> olive-gre51 ab\t ! same t9t z ! brighte/ p>ts ( ! trees b5ea? !m4 ,!y _c h alt]$1 7or else ! trees mu/ h be5 pa9t$ 9 gray17 = ! hue is h>moni\s & well unit$ ) ! re/ ( ! picture1 & ! blue & :ite 9 ! c5tre ( ! sky are /ill fre% & pure4 ,n[ a gre5 sky 9 op5 & illum9$ di/ance is v frequ5t1 & v beautiful2 b ri* olive-gre5 cl\ds1 z f> z ,i am acqua9t$ ) nature1 are a piece ( color 9 :i* %e is n apt to indulge4 ,y w be puzzl$ to %[ me su* a ?+ 9 ! rec5t works ( ,turn]4#bj ,aga91 take any important gr\p ( trees1 ,i d n c>e ^:--,claude's1 ,salvator's1 or ,p\ss9's--) lat]al light 7t 9 ! ,m>riage ( ,isaac & ,rebecca1 or ,gasp>'s sacrifice ( ,isaac1 = in/ance37 ,c x be s]i\sly suppos$ t ^? murky br[ns & melan*oly gre5s are repres5tative ( ! t9ts ( leaves "u full noonday sun8 ,i "k t y _c help look+ ^u all ^! pictures z pieces ( d>k relief aga9/ a light :olly proce$+ f ! di/ances2 b !y are no?+ ( ! k9d--!y are noon & morn+ effects ) full lat]al light4 ,be s k9d z to mat* ! color ( a leaf 9 ! sun 7! d>ke/ y l7 z ne>ly z y c1 & br+ y\r mat*$ color & set x beside "o ( ^! gr\ps ( trees1 & take a blade ( common grass1 & set x beside any "p ( ! fulle/ light ( _! =egr\nds1 & !n talk ab\t ! tru? ( color ( ! old ma/]s6 ,& let n argum5ts respect+ ! sublimity or fidelity ( impression be br\ght =w>d "h4 ,i h no?+ :atev] to d ) ?is at pres5t4 ,i am n talk+ ab\t :at is sublime1 b ab\t :at is true4 ,p attack ,turn] on ?is gr\nd2--!y nev] speak ( beauty or sublimity ) respect to him1 b ( nature & tru?1 & let !m support _! own favorite ma/]s on ! same gr\nds4 ,p]haps ,i may h ! v deepe/ v5]ation = ! feel+ ( ! old ma/]s1 b ,i mu/ n let x influ5ce me n[--my bus9ess is to mat* colors1 n to talk s5tim5t4 ,nei!r let x be said t ,i am go+ too mu* into details1 & t g5]al tru?s may be obta9$ by local falsehood4 ,tru? is only to be measur$ by close comp>ison ( actual facts2 we may talk =ev] ab\t x 9 g5]als1 & prove no?+4 ,we _c tell :at effect falsehood may produce on ?is or t p]son1 b we c v well tell :at is false & :at is n1 & if x produce on our s5ses ! effect ( tru?1 t only demon/rates _! imp]fection & inaccuracy1 & ne$ ( cultivation4 ,turn]'s color is gl>+ to "o p]son's s5sations1 & beautiful to ano!r's4 ,?is proves no?+4 ,p\ss9's color is "r to "o1 soot to ano!r4 ,?is proves no?+4 ,!re is no means ( arriv+ at any conclusion b close comp>ison ( bo? ) ! kn[n & demon/rable hues ( nature1 & ?is comp>ison w inv>iably turn ,claude or ,p\ss9 into blackness1 & ev5 ,turn] into gray4 ,:atev] dep? ( gloom may seem to inve/ ! objects ( a real l&scape1 yet a w9d[ ) t l&scape se5 ?r\gh x1 w inv>iably appe> a broad space ( light z comp>$ ) ! %ade ( ! room walls2 & ?is s+le circum/ance may prove to u bo? ! int5sity & ! diffusion ( daylight 9 op5 air1 & ! necessity1 if a picture is to be tru?ful 9 effect ( color1 t x %\ld tell z a broad space ( graduat$ illum9ation--n1 z d ^? ( ! old ma/]s1 z a pat*-"w ( black %ades4 ,_! works are nature 9 m\rn+ we$s1--,greek3 oud h5 helio ka?>o te?ramm5oi1 all hypo symmigei skia4 ,sec4 #f4 ,turn]'s translation ( colors4 ,x is true t !re are1 "h & !re1 9 ! ,academy pictures1 passages 9 :i* ,turn] has translat$ ! unatta9able int5sity ( "o tone ( color1 into ! atta9able pit* ( a high] "o3 ! gold5 gre5 = in/ance1 ( int5se sun%9e on v]dure1 into pure yell[1 because he kn[s x to be impossible1 ) any mixture ( blue :atsoev]1 to give fai?fully its relative int5sity ( light1 & ,turn] always w h 8 light & %ade "r1 :atev] x co/s him 9 color4 ,b he does ?is 9 r>e cases1 & ev5 !n ov] v small spaces2 & ,i %\ld be oblig$ to 8 critics if !y w\ld g out to "s w>m1 mossy gre5 bank 9 full summ] sun%9e1 & try to rea* its tone2 & :5 !y f9d1 z f9d !y w1 ,indian yell[ & *rome look d>k beside x1 let !m tell me c&idly :i* is ne>e/ tru?1 ! gold ( ,turn]1 or ! m\rn+ & murky olive br[ns & v]digris gre5s 9 :i* ,claude1 ) ! indu/ry & intellig5ce ( a ,sevres *9a pa9t]1 drags ! labori\s bramble leaves ov] 8 *ildi% =egr\nd4 ,sec4 #g4 ,notice ( effects 9 :i* no brilliancy ( art c ev5 approa* t ( reality4 ,sec4 #h4 ,reasons = ! usual incr$ulity ( ! obs]v] ) respect to _! repres5tation4 ,sec4 #i4 ,color ( ! ,napoleon4 ,b x is s+ul> en\gh t ! *ief attacks on ,turn] = ov]*>g$ brilliancy1 are made1 n :5 !re c\ld by any possibility be any *ance ( 8 out/epp+ nature1 b :5 he has tak5 subjects :i* no colors ( e>? c\ld ev] vie ) or rea*1 su*1 = in/ance1 z 8 sunsets among ! high cl\ds4 ,:5 ,i come to speak ( skies1 ,i %all po9t out :at divisions1 proportion$ to _! elevation1 exi/ 9 ! "* ( cl\ds4 ,x is ! highe/ region1--t exclusively *>act]iz$ by :ite1 filmy1 multitud9\s1 & quiet cl\ds1 arrang$ 9 b>s1 or /reaks1 or flakes1 ( :i* ,i speak at pres5t1 a region :i* no l&scape pa9t]s h ev] made "o ef=t to repres5t1 except ,rub5s & ,turn]--! latt] tak+ x = 8 mo/ favorite & frequ5t /udy4 ,n[ we h be5 speak+ hi!rto ( :at is con/ant & necess>y 9 nature1 ( ! ord9>y effects ( daylight on ord9>y colors1 & we repeat aga91 t no gorge\sness ( ! pallet c rea* ev5 ^!4 ,b x is a widely diff]5t ?+ :5 nature h]self takes a color+ fit1 & does some?+ extraord9>y1 some?+ really to exhibit h] p[]4 ,%e has a ?\s& ways & means ( ris+ above h]self1 b incomp>ably ! noble/ manife/ations ( h] capability ( color are 9 ^! sunsets among ! high cl\ds4 ,i speak especially ( ! mom5t be=e ! sun s9ks1 :5 8 light turns pure rose-color1 & :5 ?is light falls ^u a z5i? cov]$ ) c\ntless cl\d-=ms ( inconceivable delicacy1 ?reads & flakes ( vapor1 :i* w\ld 9 common daylight be pure sn[ :ite1 & :i* give !re=e fair field to ! tone ( light4 ,!re is !n no limit to ! multitude1 & no *eck to ! int5sity ( ! hues assum$4 ,! :ole sky f ! z5i? to ! horizon becomes "o molt51 mantl+ sea ( color & fire2 e black b> turns into massy gold1 e ripple & wave into unsulli$1 %ad[less1 crimson1 & purple1 & sc>let1 & colors = :i* !re are no words 9 language1 & no ideas 9 ! m9d1--?+s :i* c only be conceiv$ :ile !y are visible1--! int5se holl[ blue ( ! upp] sky melt+ ?r\gh x all1--%[+ "h deep1 & pure1 & lightless1 !re1 modulat$ by ! filmy1 =mless body ( ! transp>5t vapor1 till x is lo/ imp]ceptibly 9 its crimson & gold4 ,n[ !re is no connection1 no "o l9k ( association or resemblance1 betwe5 ^? skies & ! "w ( any mortal h& b ,turn]'s4 ,he alone has foll[$ nature 9 ^! h] highe/ ef=ts2 he foll[s h] fai?fully1 b f> beh9d2 foll[s at su* a di/ance bel[ h] int5sity t ! ,napoleon ( la/ ye>'s exhibition1 & ! ,tem]aire ( ! ye> be=e1 w\ld look colorless & cold if ! eye came ^u !m aft] "o ( nature's sunsets among ! high cl\ds4 ,b !re are a ?\s& reasons :y ?is %\ld n be believ$4 ,! concurr5ce ( circum/ances necess>y to produce ! sunsets ( :i* ,i speak does n take place above five or six times 9 ! summ]1 & !n only = a space ( f five to t5 m9utes1 j z ! sun rea*es ! horizon4 ,consid]+ h[ seldom p ?9k ( look+ = sunset at all1 & h[ seldom1 if !y d1 !y are 9 a position f :i* x c be fully se51 ! *ances t _! att5tion %\ld be awake1 & _! position favorable1 dur+ ^! few fly+ in/ants ( ! ye>1 is almo/ z no?+4 ,:at c ! citiz51 :o c see only ! r$ light on ! canvas ( ! wagon at ! end ( ! /reet1 & ! crimson color ( ! bricks ( 8 neighbor's *imney1 "k ( ! flood ( fire :i* deluges ! sky f ! horizon to ! z5i?8 ,:at c ev5 ! quiet inhabitant ( ! ,engli% l[l&s1 ^: sc5e = ! manife/ation ( ! fire ( heav5 is limit$ to ! tops ( hayricks1 & ! rooks' ne/s 9 ! old elm-trees1 "k ( ! mighty passages ( spl5dor :i* are toss$ f ,alp to ,alp ov] ! azure ( a ?\s& miles ( *ampaign8 ,ev5 grant+ ! con/ant vigor ( obs]vation1 & suppos+ ! possession ( su* impossible k1 x ne$s b a mom5t's reflection to prove h[ incapable ! memory is ( reta9+ = any "t ! di/9ct image ( ! s\rces ev5 ( its mo/ vivid impressions4 ,:at recollection h we ( ! sunsets :i* delight$ u la/ ye>8 ,we may "k t !y 7 magnific5t1 or gl[+1 b no di/9ct image ( color or =m is reta9$--no?+ ( ^: degree 7= ! great difficulty ) ! memory is to reta91 n facts1 b degrees ( fact7 we c\ld be s c]ta9 z to say ( any?+ n[ pres5t$ to u1 t x is l x4 ,if we did say s1 we %\ld be wrong2 = we may be q c]ta9 t ! en]gy ( an impression fades f ! memory1 & becomes m & m indi/9ct e day2 & ?us we comp>e a fad$ & indi/9ct image ) ! decision & c]ta9ty ( "o pres5t to ! s5ses4 ,h[ con/antly d we affirm t ! ?und]-/orm ( la/ week 0 ! mo/ t]rible "o we ev] saw 9 our lives1 because we comp>e x1 n ) ! ?und]-/orm ( la/ ye>1 b ) ! fad$ & feeble recollection ( x4 ,& s1 :5 we ent] an exhibition1 z we h no def9ite /&>d ( tru? be=e u1 our feel+s are ton$ d[n & subdu$ to ! quietness ( color :i* is all t human p[] c ord9>ily atta9 to2 & :5 we turn to a piece ( high] & clos] tru?1 approa*+ ! pit* ( ! color ( nature1 b to :i* we are n guid$1 z we %\ld be 9 nature1 by correspond+ gradations ( light ev]y:]e ar\nd u1 b :i* is isolat$ & cut (f sudd5ly by a frame & a wall1 & surr\nd$ by d>kness & coldness1 :at c we expect b t x %\ld surprise & %ock ! feel+s8 ,suppose1 :]e ! ,napoleon hung 9 ! ,academy la/ ye>1 !re c\ld h be5 left1 in/ead1 an op5+ 9 ! wall1 & ?r\gh t op5+1 9 ! mid/ ( ! obscurity ( ! dim room & ! smoke-lad5 atmosph]e1 !re c\ld sudd5ly h be5 p\r$ ! full glory ( a tropical sunset1 rev]b]at$ f ! sea3 ,h[ w\ld y h %runk1 bl9d$1 f its sc>let & intol]able lightn+s6 ,:at picture 9 ! room w\ld n h be5 blackness aft] x8 ,& :y !n d y blame ,turn] because he dazzles y8 ,does n ! falsehood re/ ) ^? :o d n8 ,!re 0 n "o hue 9 ?is :ole picture :i* 0 n f> bel[ :at nature w\ld h us$ 9 ! same circum/ances1 nor 0 !re "o inh>moni\s or at v>iance ) ! re/2--! /ormy blood-r$ ( ! horizon1 ! sc>let ( ! break+ sunlight1 ! ri* crimson br[ns ( ! wet & illum9$ sea-we$2 ! pure gold & purple ( ! upp] sky1 &1 %$ ?r\gh x all1 ! deep passage ( solemn blue1 :]e ! cold moonlight fell on "o p5sive spot ( ! limitless %ore--all 7 giv5 ) h>mony z p]fect z _! color 0 int5se2 & if1 in/ead ( pass+1 z ,i d\bt n y did1 9 ! hurry ( y\r unreflect+ prejudice1 y _h paus$ b s mu* z "o qu>t] ( an h\r be=e ! picture1 y w\ld h f\nd ! s5se ( air & space bl5d$ ) e l9e1 & brea?+ 9 e cl\d1 & e color in/9ct & radiant ) visible1 gl[+1 absorb+ light4 ,sec4 #aj4 ,necess>y discrepancy betwe5 ! atta9able brilliancy ( color & light4 ,x is to be obs]v$1 h[ev]1 9 g5]al1 t :]ev] 9 brilliant effects ( ?is k9d1 we approa* to any?+ l a true /atem5t ( nature's color1 !re mu/ yet be a di/9ct diff]5ce 9 ! impression we convey1 because we _c approa* h] light4 ,all su* hues are usually giv5 by h] ) an accompany+ int5sity ( sunbeams :i* dazzles & ov]p[]s ! eye1 s t x _c re/ on ! actual colors1 nor und]/& :at !y are2 & h5ce 9 art1 9 r5d]+ all effects ( ?is k9d1 !re mu/ be a want ( ! ideas ( imitation1 :i* are ! great s\rce ( enjoym5t to ! ord9>y obs]v]2 because we c only give "o s]ies ( tru?s1 ^? ( color1 & are unable to give ! accompany+ tru?s ( light1 s t ! m true we are 9 color1 ! great]1 ord9>ily1 w be ! discrepancy felt betwe5 ! int5sity ( hue & ! feebl5ess ( light4 ,b ! pa9t] :o really loves nature w n1 on ?is acc\nt1 give y a fad$ & feeble image1 :i* inde$ may appe> to y to be "r1 because y\r feel+s c detect no discrepancy 9 its p>ts1 b :i* he kn[s to d]ive its app>5t tru? f a sy/ematiz$ falsehood4 ,no2 he w make y und]/& & feel t art _c imitate nature--t :]e x appe>s to d s1 x mu/ malign h]1 & mock h]4 ,he w give y1 or /ate to y1 su* tru?s z are 9 8 p[]1 completely & p]fectly2 & ^? :i* he _c give1 he w leave to y\r imag9ation4 ,if y are acqua9t$ ) nature1 y w "k all he has giv5 to be true1 & y w supply f y\r memory & f y\r he>t t light :i* he _c give4 ,if y are unacqua9t$ ) nature1 seek else:]e = :atev] may happ5 to satisfy y\r feel+s2 b d n ask = ! tru? :i* y w\ld n ackn[l$ge & c\ld n enjoy4 ,sec4 #aa4 ,?is discrepancy less 9 ,turn] ?an 9 o!r colori/s4 ,sec4 #ab4 ,its great ext5t 9 a l&scape attribut$ to ,rub5s4 ,nev]!less ! aim & /ruggle ( ! arti/ mu/ always be to d away ) ?is discrepancy z f> z ! p[]s ( art admit1 n by l[]+ 8 color1 b by increas+ 8 light4 ,& x is inde$ by ?is t ! works ( ,turn] are peculi>ly di/+ui%$ f ^? ( all o!r colori/s1 by ! dazzl+ int5sity1 namely1 ( ! light :i* he %$s ?r\gh e hue1 & :i*1 f> m ?an _! brilliant color1 is ! real s\rce ( _! ov]p[]+ effect ^u ! eye1 an effect s reasonably made ! subject ( p]petual animadv]sion1 z if ! sun :i* !y repres5t 7 q a quiet1 & subdu$1 & g5tle1 & manageable lum9>y1 & nev] dazzl$ anybody1 "u any circum/ances :atsoev]4 ,i am fond ( /&+ by a bright ,turn] 9 ! ,academy1 to li/5 to ! un9t5tional complim5ts ( ! cr[d--,:at a gl>+ ?+6 ,i decl>e ,i c't look at x6 ,don't x hurt y\r eyes8--express$ z if !y 7 9 ! con/ant habit ( look+ ! sun full 9 ! face1 ) ! mo/ p]fect com=t & entire facility ( vision4 ,x is curi\s aft] he>+ p malign "s ( ,turn]'s noble passages ( light1 to pass to "s really ungrammatical & false picture ( ! old ma/]s1 9 :i* we h color giv5 )\t light4 ,take1 = in/ance1 ! l&scape attribut$ to ,rub5s1 ,no4 #age1 9 ! ,dulwi* ,gall]y4 ,i nev] h spok51 & ,i nev] w speak ( ,rub5s b ) ! mo/ rev]5tial feel+2 & :atev] imp]fections 9 8 art may h result$ f 8 un=tunate want ( s]i\sness & incapability ( true passion1 8 calibre ( m9d 0 orig9ally su* t ,i believe ! _w may see ano!r ,titian & ano!r ,raffaelle1 be=e x sees ano!r ,rub5s4 ,b ,i h be=e allud$ to ! viol5t lic5se he occasionally assumes2 & !re is an in/ance ( x 9 ?is picture apposite to ! imm$iate "q4 ,! sudd5 /reak & circle ( yell[ & crimson 9 ! middle ( ! sky ( t picture1 be+ ! occurr5ce ( a fragm5t ( a sunset color 9 pure daylight1 & 9 p]fect isolation1 :ile at ! same "t x is r d>k]1 :5 translat$ into light & %ade1 ?an bright] ?an ! re/ ( ! sky1 is a case ( su* bold absurdity1 come f ^: p5cil x may1 t if e error :i* ,turn] has fall5 into 9 ! :ole c\rse ( 8 life 7 conc5trat$ into "o1 t "o w\ld n equal x2 & z our connoisseurs gaze ^u ?is ) nev]-end+ approbation1 we mu/ n be surpris$ t ! accurate p]ceptions :i* ?us take delight 9 pure fiction1 %\ld consi/5tly be disgu/$ by ,turn]'s fidelity & tru?4 ,sec4 #ac4 ,turn] sc>cely ev] uses pure or vivid color4 ,hi!rto1 h[ev]1 we h be5 speak+ ( vividness ( pure color1 & %[+ t x is us$ by ,turn] only :]e nature uses x1 & 9 no less degree4 ,b we h hi!rto1 !re=e1 be5 speak+ ( a mo/ limit$ & un*>act]i/ic portion ( 8 works2 = ,turn]1 l all great colori/s1 is di/+ui%$ n m = 8 p[] ( dazzl+ & ov]:elm+ ! eye ) int5sity ( effect1 ?an = 8 p[] ( do+ s by ! use ( subdu$ & g5tle means4 ,!re is no man liv+ m cauti\s & sp>+ 9 ! use ( pure color ?an ,turn]4 ,to say t he nev] p]petrates any?+ l ! blue excresc5ces ( =egr\nd1 or hills %ot l a h\sekeep]'s be/ silk g[n1 ) blue & r$1 :i* c]ta9 ( our celebrat$ arti/s consid] ! ess5ce ( ! sublime1 w\ld be b a poor complim5t4 ,i might z well praise ! portraits ( ,titian because !y h n ! grimace & pa9t ( a cl[n 9 a pantomime2 b ,i d say1 & say ) confid5ce1 t !re is sc>cely a l&scape arti/ ( ! pres5t day1 h[ev] sob] & lightless _! effects may look1 :o does n employ m pure & raw color ?an ,turn]2 & t ! ord9>y t9sel & tra%1 or r vici\s & p]il\s /uff1 accord+ to ! p[] ( ! m9d produc+ x1 ) :i* ! walls ( our ,academy are half cov]$1 disgrac+1 9 weak h&s1 or 9 m p[]ful1 degrad+ & corrupt+ our :ole s*ool ( art1 is bas$ on a sy/em ( color beside :i* ,turn]'s is z ,ve/a to ,cotytto--! *a/ity ( fire to ! f\lness ( e>?4 ,e picture ( ?is great colori/ has1 9 "o or two p>ts ( x1 7key-notes ( ! :ole17 po9ts :]e ! sy/em ( ea* individual color is conc5trat$ by a s+le /roke1 z pure z x c come f ! pallet2 b ?r\gh\t ! great space & ext5t ( ev5 ! mo/ brilliant ( 8 works1 !re w n be f\nd a raw color2 t is to say1 !re is no w>m? :i* has n gray 9 x1 & no blue :i* has n w>m? 9 x2 & ! t9ts 9 :i* he mo/ excels & di/ances all o!r m51 ! mo/ *]i%$ & inimitable portions ( 8 color1 are1 z ) all p]fect colori/s !y mu/ be1 8 grays4 ,x is in/ructive 9 ?is respect1 to comp>e ! sky ( ! ,m]cury & ,argus ) ! v>i\s illu/rations ( ! s]5ity1 space1 & sublimity naturally inh]5t 9 blue & p9k1 ( :i* e ye>'s exhibition br+s =w>d en\gh & to sp>e4 ,9 ! ,m]cury & ,argus1 ! pale & vapor\s blue ( ! heat$ sky is brok5 ) gray & pe>ly :ite1 ! gold color ( ! light w>m+ x m or less z x approa*es or retires f ! sun2 b ?r\gh\t1 !re is n a gra9 ( pure blue2 all is subdu$ & w>m$ at ! same "t by ! m+l+ gray & gold1 up to ! v z5i?1 :]e1 break+ ?r\gh ! flaky mi/1 ! transp>5t & deep azure ( ! sky is express$ ) a s+le crumbl+ t\*2 ! key-note ( ! :ole is giv51 & e "p ( x passes at once f> into gl[+ & a]ial space4 ,! read] c sc>cely fail to rememb] at once sundry works 9 contradi/9ction to ?is1 ) great names atta*$ to !m1 9 :i* ! sky is a %e] piece ( plumb]'s & glazi]'s "w1 & %\ld be valu$ p] y>d1 ) heavy extra *>ge = ultram>9e4 ,sec4 #ad4 ,! basis ( gray1 "u all 8 vivid hues4 ,?r\gh\t ! works ( ,turn]1 ! same tru?ful pr9ciple ( delicate & subdu$ color is c>ri$ out ) a c>e & labor ( :i* x is difficult to =m a conception4 ,he gives a da% ( pure :ite = 8 highe/ light2 b all ! o!r :ites ( 8 picture are pe>l$ d[n ) gray or gold4 ,he gives a fold ( pure crimson to ! drap]y ( 8 ne>e/ figure2 b all 8 o!r crimsons w be deep5$ ) black1 or w>m$ ) yell[4 ,9 "o deep reflection ( 8 di/ant sea1 we cat* a trace ( ! pure/ blue2 b all ! re/ is palpitat+ ) a v>i$ & delicate gradation ( h>moniz$ t9t1 :i* inde$ looks vivid blue z a mass1 b is only s by opposition4 ,x is ! mo/ difficult1 ! mo/ r>e ?+1 to f9d 9 8 works a def9ite space1 h[ev] small1 ( unconnect$ color2 t is1 ei!r ( a blue :i* has no?+ to connect x ) ! w>m?1 or ( a w>m color :i* has no?+ to connect x ) ! grays ( ! :ole2 & ! result is1 t !re is a g5]al sy/em & und]curr5t ( gray p]vad+ ! :ole ( 8 color1 out ( :i* 8 highe/ lights1 & ^? local t\*es ( pure color1 :i* are1 z ,i said be=e1 ! key-notes ( ! picture1 fla% ) ! peculi> brilliancy & int5sity 9 :i* he /&s alone4 ,sec4 #ae4 ,! v>iety & fulness ev5 ( 8 mo/ simple tones4 ,sec4 #af4 ,foll[+ ! inf9ite & unapproa*able v>iety ( nature4 ,intimately associat$ ) ?is ton+ d[n & connection ( ! colors actually us$1 is 8 inimitable p[] ( v>y+ & bl5d+ !m1 s z nev] to give a qu>t] ( an in* ( canvas )\t a *ange 9 x1 a melody z well z a h>mony ( "o k9d or ano!r4 ,obs]ve1 ,i am n at pres5t speak+ ( ?is z arti/ical or desirable 9 itself1 n z a *>act]i/ic ( ! great colori/1 b z ! aim ( ! simple foll[] ( nature4 ,= x is /range to see h[ m>vell\sly nature v>ies ! mo/ g5]al & simple ( h] tones4 ,a mass ( m\nta9 se5 aga9/ ! light1 may1 at fir/1 appe> all ( "o blue2 & s x is1 blue z a :ole1 by comp>ison ) o!r p>ts ( ! l&scape4 ,b look h[ t blue is made up4 ,!re are black %ad[s 9 x "u ! crags1 !re are gre5 %ad[s along ! turf1 !re are gray half-lights ^u ! rocks1 !re are fa9t t\*es ( /eal?y w>m? & cauti\s light along _! edges2 e bu%1 e /one1 e tuft ( moss has its voice 9 ! matt]1 & jo9s ) individual "* 9 ! univ]sal w4 ,:o is !re :o c d ?is z ,turn] w8 ,! old ma/]s w\ld h settl$ ! matt] at once ) a transp>5t1 agreeable1 b monoton\s gray4 ,_m among ! mod]ns w\ld probably be equally monoton\s ) absurd & false colors4 ,turn] only w\ld give ! unc]ta9ty--! palpitat+1 p]petual *ange--! subjection ( all to a great influ5ce1 )\t "o "p or portion be+ lo/ or m]g$ 9 x--! unity ( action ) inf9ity ( ag5t4 ,& ,i wi% to insi/ on ?is ! m p>ticul>ly1 because x is "o ( ! et]nal pr9ciples ( nature1 t %e w n h "o l9e nor color1 nor "o portion nor atom ( space )\t a *ange 9 x4 ,!re is n "o ( h] %ad[s1 t9ts1 or l9es t is n 9 a /ate ( p]petual v>iation3 ,i d n mean 9 "t1 b 9 space4 ,!re is n a leaf 9 ! _w :i* has ! same color visible ov] its :ole surface2 x has a :ite high light some:]e2 & 9 proportion z x curves to or f t focus1 ! color is bright] or gray]4 ,pick up a common fl9t f ! roadside1 & c\nt1 if y c1 its *anges & hues ( color4 ,e bit ( b>e gr\nd "u y\r feet has 9 x a ?\s& su*--! gray pebbles1 ! w>m o*re1 ! gre5 ( incipi5t vegetation1 ! grays & blacks ( its reflexes & %ad[s1 might keep a pa9t] at "w = a mon?1 if he 7 oblig$ to foll[ !m t\* = t\*3 h[ mu* m1 :5 ! same inf9ity ( *ange is c>ri$ out ) va/ness ( object & space4 ,! extreme ( di/ance may appe> at fir/ monoton\s2 b ! lea/ exam9ation w %[ x to be full ( e k9d ( *ange--t its outl9es are p]petually melt+ & appe>+ aga9--%>p "h1 vague !re--n[ lo/ altoge!r1 n[ j h9t$ & /ill confus$ among ea* o!r--& s =ev] 9 a /ate & necessity ( *ange4 ,h5ce1 :]ev] 9 a pa9t+ we h unv>i$ color ext5d$ ev5 ov] a small space1 !re is falsehood4 ,no?+ c be natural :i* is monoton\s2 no?+ true :i* only tells "o /ory4 ,! br[n =egr\nd & rocks ( ,claude's ,s9on be=e ,priam are z false z color c be3 fir/1 because !re nev] 0 su* a br[n "u sunlight1 = ev5 ! s& & c9d]s 7volcanic tufa7 ab\t ,naples1 grant+ t he _h /udi$ f ^! uglie/ ( all =mations1 are1 :]e !y are fre% fractur$1 gold5 & lu/r\s 9 full light comp>$ to ^! ideals ( crag1 & become1 l all o!r rocks1 quiet & gray :5 wea!r$2 & secondly1 because no rock t ev] nature /a9$ is )\t its c\ntless break+ t9ts ( v>i$ vegetation4 ,& ev5 ,/anfield1 ma/] z he is ( rock =m1 is apt 9 ! same way to give u "h & !re a little bit ( mud1 in/ead ( /one4 ,sec4 #ag4 ,8 dislike ( purple & fondness = ! opposition ( yell[ & black4 ,! pr9ciples ( nature 9 ?is respect4 ,:at ,i am next ab\t to say ) respect to ,turn]'s color1 ,i %\ld wi% to be receiv$ ) caution1 z x admits ( dispute4 ,i ?9k t ! fir/ approa* to vici\sness ( color 9 any ma/] is commonly indicat$ *iefly by a preval5ce ( purple1 & an abs5ce ( yell[4 ,i ?9k nature mixes yell[ ) almo/ e "o ( h] hues1 nev]1 or v r>ely1 us+ r$ )\t x1 b frequ5tly us+ yell[ ) sc>cely any r$2 & ,i believe x w be 9 consequ5ce f\nd t h] favorite opposition1 t :i* g5]ally *>act]izes & gives tone to h] color1 is yell[ & black1 pass+1 z x retires1 into :ite & blue4 ,x is beyond dispute t ! great fundam5tal opposition ( ,rub5s is yell[ & black2 & t on ?is1 conc5trat$ 9 "o "p ( ! picture1 & modifi$ 9 v>i\s grays ?r\gh\t1 *iefly dep5d ! tones ( all 8 f9e/ works4 ,& 9 ,titian1 ?\gh !re is a f> great] t5d5cy to ! purple ?an 9 ,rub5s1 ,i believe no r$ is ev] mix$ ) ! pure blue1 or glaz$ ov] x1 :i* has n 9 x a modify+ quantity ( yell[4 ,at all ev5ts1 ,i am ne>ly c]ta9 t :atev] ri* & pure purples are introduc$ locally1 by ! great colori/s1 no?+ is s de/ructive ( all f9e color z ! slighte/ t5d5cy to purple 9 g5]al tone2 & ,i am equally c]ta9 t ,turn] is di/+ui%$ f all ! vici\s colori/s ( ! pres5t day1 by ! f\ndation ( all 8 tones be+ black1 yell[1 & ! int]m$iate grays1 :ile ! t5d5cy ( our common gl>e-seek]s is inv>iably to pure1 cold1 impossible purples4 ,s fond inde$ is ,turn] ( black & yell[1 t he has giv5 u m ?an "o composition1 bo? draw+s & pa9t+s1 bas$ on ^! two colors alone1 ( :i* ! magnific5t ,quilleboeuf1 :i* ,i consid] "o ( ! mo/ p]fect pieces ( simple color exi/+1 is a mo/ /rik+ example2 & ,i ?9k t :]e1 z 9 "s ( ! late ,v5ices1 !re has be5 some?+ l a m>k$ appe>ance ( purple tones1 ev5 ?\gh exquisitely correct$ by vivid orange & w>m gre5 9 ! =egr\nd1 ! g5]al color has n be5 s p]fect or tru?ful3 my own feel+s w\ld always guide me r to ! w>m grays ( su* pictures z ! ,sn[ ,/orm1 or ! gl[+ sc>let & gold ( ! ,napoleon & ,slave ,%ip4 ,b ,i d n insi/ at pres5t on ?is "p ( ! subject1 z be+ p]haps m prop] = future exam9ation1 :5 we are consid]+ ! ideal ( color4 ,sec4 #ah4 ,8 e>ly works are false 9 color4 ,! above rem>ks h be5 made entirely ) ref]5ce to ! rec5t ,academy pictures1 :i* h be5 *iefly attack$ = _! color4 ,i by no means int5d !m to apply to ! e>ly works ( ,turn]1 ^? :i* ! enlight5$ newspap] critics are p]petually talk+ ab\t z *>act]i/ic ( a "t :5 ,turn] 0 really great4 ,he is1 & 01 really great1 f ! "t :5 he fir/ c\ld hold a bru%1 b he nev] 0 s great z he is n[4 ,! ,cross+ ! ,brook1 glori\s z x is z a composition1 & p]fect 9 all t is mo/ desirable & mo/ ennobl+ 9 art1 is sc>cely to be look$ ^u z a piece ( color2 x is an agreeable1 cool1 gray r5d]+ ( space & =m1 b x is n color2 if x be reg>d$ z su*1 x is ?or\ghly false & vapid1 & v f> inf]ior to ! tones ( ! same k9d giv5 by ,claude4 ,! r$di% br[n 9 ! =egr\nd ( ! ,fall ( ,c>?age1 ) all diffid5ce be x spok51 is1 z f> z my feel+s are compet5t to judge1 crude1 sunless1 & 9 e way wrong2 & bo? ?is picture & ! ,build+ ( ,c>?age1 ?\gh ?is latt] is f> ! f9] ( ! two1 are q unwor?y ( ,turn] z a colori/4 ,sec4 #ai4 ,8 draw+s inv>iably p]fect4 ,n s ) ! draw+s2 ^!1 c\ntless z !y are1 f ! e>lie/ to ! late/1 ?\gh pres5t+ an unbrok5 *a9 ( increas+ difficulty ov]come1 & tru? illu/rat$1 are all1 accord+ to _! aim1 equally faultless z to color4 ,:atev] we h hi!rto said1 applies to !m 9 its fulle/ ext5t2 ?\gh ea*1 be+ g5]ally ! realization ( "s effect actually se51 & realiz$ b once1 requires almo/ a sep>ate essay4 ,z a class1 !y are f> quiet] & *a/] ?an ! ,academy pictures1 &1 7 !y bett] kn[n1 might enable our connoisseurs to =m a some:at m accurate judgm5t ( ! int5se /udy ( nature on :i* all ,turn]'s color is bas$4 ,sec4 #bj4 ,! subjection ( 8 sy/em ( color to t ( *i>oscuro4 ,"o po9t only rema9s to be not$ respect+ 8 sy/em ( color g5]ally--its entire subord9ation to light & %ade1 a subord9ation :i* !re is no ne$ to prove "h1 z e engrav+ f 8 works--& few are un5grav$--is suffici5t demon/ration ( x4 ,i h be=e %[n ! inf]iority & unimportance 9 nature ( color1 z a tru?1 comp>$ ) light & %ade4 ,t inf]iority is ma9ta9$ & ass]t$ by all really great works ( color2 b mo/ by ,turn]'s z _! color is mo/ int5se4 ,:atev] brilliancy he may *oose to assume1 is subject$ to an inviolable law ( *i>oscuro1 f :i* !re is no appeal4 ,no ri*ness nor dep? ( t9t is consid]$ ( value en\gh to atone = ! loss ( "o p>ticle ( arrang$ light4 ,no brilliancy ( hue is p]mitt$ to int]f]e ) ! dep? ( a det]m9$ %ad[4 ,& h5ce x is1 t :ile engrav+s f works f> less spl5did 9 color are (t5 vapid & cold1 because ! little color employ$ has n be5 rightly bas$ on light & %ade1 an engrav+ f ,turn] is always beautiful & =cible 9 proportion z ! color ( ! orig9al has be5 int5se1 & nev] 9 a s+le in/ance has fail$ to express ! picture z a p]fect composition4#ba ,p[]ful & captivat+ & fai?ful z 8 color is1 x is ! lea/ important ( all 8 excell5ces1 because x is ! lea/ important feature ( nature4 ,he pa9ts 9 color1 b he ?9ks 9 light & %ade2 & 7 x necess>y1 r ?an lose "o l9e ( 8 =ms1 or "o ray ( 8 sun%9e1 w\ld1 ,i appreh5d1 be cont5t to pa9t 9 black & :ite to ! end ( 8 life4 ,x is by mi/ak+ ! %ad[ = ! sub/ance1 & aim+ at ! brilliancy & ! fire1 )\t p]ceiv+ ( :at deep-/udi$ %ade & inimitable =m x is at once ! result & ! illu/ration1 t ! ho/ ( 8 imitators s9k into des]v$ disgrace4 ,) him1 z ) all ! greate/ pa9t]s1 & 9 ,turn]'s m ?an all1 ! hue is a beautiful auxili>y 9 work+ out ! great impression to be convey$1 b is n ! s\rce nor ! ess5ce ( t impression2 x is little m ?an a visible melody1 giv5 to raise & assi/ ! m9d 9 ! reception ( nobl] ideas--z sacr$ passages ( sweet s\nd1 to prep>e ! feel+s = ! read+ ( ! my/]ies ( ,god4 ,,footnotes #ai ,caecus adulator-- ,dignus ,aric9os qui m5dic>et ad axes1 ,bl&aque devexae iact>et basia rh$ae4 #bj ,!re is p]haps no?+ m *>act]i/ic ( a great colori/ ?an 8 p[] ( us+ gre5s 9 /range places )\t _! be+ felt z su*1 or at lea/ ?an a con/ant pref]5ce ( gre5 gray to purple gray4 ,& ?is hue ( ,p\ss9's cl\ds w\ld h be5 p]fectly agreeable & all[able1 _h !re be5 gold or crimson en\gh 9 ! re/ ( ! picture to h ?r[n x into gray4 ,x is only because ! l[] cl\ds are pure :ite & blue1 & because ! trees are ( ! same color z ! cl\ds1 t ! cl\d color becomes false4 ,!re is a f9e in/ance ( a sky1 gre5 9 itself1 b turn$ gray by ! opposition ( w>m color1 9 ,turn]'s ,devonport ) ! ,docky>ds4 #ba ,?is is say+ too mu*2 = x n unfrequ5tly happ5s t ! light & %ade ( ! orig9al is lo/ 9 ! engrav+1 ! effect ( :i* is aft]w>ds p>tially recov]$1 ) ! aid ( ! arti/ himself1 by introductions ( new features4 ,sometimes1 :5 a draw+ dep5ds *iefly on color1 ! engrav] gets unavoidably emb>rass$1 & mu/ be assi/$ by "s *ange or exagg]ation ( ! effect2 b ! m frequ5t case is1 t ! engrav]'s difficulties result m]ely f 8 inatt5tion to1 or wilful deviations f 8 orig9al2 & t ! arti/ is oblig$ to assi/ him by su* exp$i5ts z ! error itself sugge/s4 ,n unfrequ5tly 9 review+ a plate1 z v con/antly 9 review+ a picture aft] "s "t has elaps$ s9ce its completion1 ev5 ! pa9t] is liable to make unnecess>y or hurtful *anges4 ,9 ! plate ( ! ,old ,tem]aire1 lately publi%$ 9 ,f9d5's gall]y1 ,i d n "k :e!r x 0 ,turn] or ! engrav] :o broke up ! wat] into sp>kl+ ripple1 b x 0 a griev\s mi/ake1 & has de/roy$ ! :ole dignity & value ( ! conception4 ,! fla% ( lightn+ 9 ! ,w9*elsea ( ! ,engl& s]ies does n exi/ 9 ! orig9al2 x is put 9 to )draw ! att5tion ( ! spectator f ! sky :i* ! engrav] de/roy$4 ,!re is an un=tunate p]suasion among mod]n engrav]s t color c be express$ by p>ticul> *>act]s ( l9e2 & 9 ! endeavor to di/+ui% by diff]5t l9es1 diff]5t colors ( equal dep?1 !y frequ5tly lose ! :ole sy/em ( light & %ade4 ,x w h>dly be cr$it$ t ! piece ( =egr\nd on ! left ( ,turn]'s ,mod]n ,italy1 repres5t$ 9 ! ,art-,union engrav+ z ne>ly coal black1 is 9 ! orig9al ( a pale w>m gray1 h>dly d>k] ?an ! sky4 ,all attempt to record color 9 engrav+1 is h]aldry out ( its place3 ! engrav] has no p[] beyond t ( express+ transp>5cy or opacity by great] or less op5ness ( l9e1 7= ! same dep? ( t9t is producible by l9es ) v diff]5t int]vals47 ,texture ( surface is only 9 a measure 9 ! p[] ( ! /eel1 & ought n to be labori\sly s\ght aft]2 nature's surfaces are di/+ui%$ m by =m ?an texture2 a /one is (t5 smoo!r ?an a leaf2 b if texture is to be giv51 let ! engrav] at lea/ be sure t he kn[s :at ! texture ( ! object actually is1 & h[ to repres5t x4 ,! leaves 9 ! =egr\nd ( ! engrav$ ,m]cury & ,argus h all ( !m ?ree or f\r black l9es across !m4 ,:at sort ( leaf texture is suppos$ to be repres5t$ by ^!8 ,! /ones 9 ! =egr\nd ( ,turn]'s ,llan?ony receiv$ f ! arti/ ! p[d]y texture ( s&/one2 ! engrav] cov]$ !m ) contort$ l9es & turn$ !m into old timb]4 ,a /ill m fatal cause ( failure is ! practice ( mak+ out or f9i%+ :at ! arti/ left incomplete4 ,9 ! ,engl& plate ( ,dudley1 !re are two (f5sive blank w9d[s 9 ! l>ge build+ ) ! *imney on ! left4 ,^! are engrav]'s improvem5ts2 9 ! orig9al !y are b>ely traceable1 _! l9es be+ excessively fa9t & tremul\s z ) ! movem5t ( heat$ air betwe5 !m & ! spectator3 _! vulg>ity is ?us tak5 away1 & ! :ole build+ left 9 "o gr& unbrok5 mass4 ,x is almo/ impossible to break engrav]s ( ?is un=tunate habit4 ,i h ev5 he>d ( _! tak+ j\rneys ( "s di/ance 9 ord] to obta9 k ( ! details :i* ! arti/ int5tionally omitt$2 & ! evil w necess>ily cont9ue until !y receive some?+ l legitimate arti/ical education4 ,9 "o or two in/ances1 h[ev]1 especially 9 small plates1 !y h %[n great feel+2 ! plates ( ,mill] 7especially ^? ( ! ,turn] illu/rations to ,scott7 are 9 mo/ in/ances p]fect & beautiful int]pretations ( ! orig9als2 s ^? ( ,goodall 9 ,rog]s's works1 & ,c\s5s's 9 ! ,riv]s ( ,france2 ^? ( ! ,york%ire s]ies are also v valuable1 ?\gh s+ul>ly inf]ior to ! draw+s4 ,b none ev5 ( ^! m5 appe> capable ( produc+ a l>ge plate4 ,!y h no k ( ! means ( r5d]+ _! l9es vital or valuable2 cross-hat*+ /&s = ev]y?+2 & inexcusably1 = ?\gh we _c expect e engrav] to et* l ,rembr&t or ,alb]t ,dur]1 or e wood-cutt] to draw l ,titian1 at lea/ some?+ ( ! sy/em & p[] ( ! gr& works ( ^? m5 might be pres]v$1 & "s m9d & mean+ /ol5 into ! reticulation ( ! re/less mod]n l9es4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,( ,,tru? ,,( ,,*i>oscuro4 ,sec4 #a4 ,we are n at pres5t to exam9e p>ticul> effects ( light4 ,x is n my int5tion to ent]1 9 ! pres5t portion ( ! "w1 ^u any exam9ation ( ,turn]'s p>ticul> effects ( light4 ,we mu/ "k some?+ ab\t :at is beautiful be=e we speak ( ^!4 ,at pres5t ,i wi% only to insi/ ^u two great pr9ciples ( *i>oscuro1 :i* are obs]v$ ?r\gh\t ! works ( ! great mod]n ma/]1 & set at defiance by ! anci5ts--great g5]al laws1 :i* may1 or may n1 be s\rces ( beauty1 b ^: obs]vance is indisputably necess>y to tru?4 ,g out "s bright sunny day 9 w9t]1 & look = a tree ) a broad trunk1 hav+ r delicate b\ghs hang+ d[n on ! sunny side1 ne> ! trunk4 ,/& f\r or five y>ds f x1 ) y\r back to ! sun4 ,y w f9d t ! b\ghs betwe5 y & ! trunk ( ! tree are v indi/9ct1 t y conf\nd !m 9 places ) ! trunk itself1 & _c possibly trace "o ( !m f its ins]tion to its extremity4 ,b ! %ad[s :i* !y ca/ ^u ! trunk1 y w f9d cle>1 d>k1 & di/9ct1 p]fectly traceable ?r\gh _! :ole c\rse1 except :5 !y are int]rupt$ by ! cross+ b\ghs4 ,& if y retire backw>ds1 y w come to a po9t :]e y _c see ! int]v5+ b\ghs at all1 or only a fragm5t ( !m "h & !re1 b c /ill see _! %ad[s p]fectly pla94 ,n[1 ?is may s]ve to %[ y ! imm5se prom95ce & importance ( %ad[s :]e !re is any?+ l bright light4 ,!y are1 9 fact1 commonly f> m conspicu\s ?an ! ?+ :i* ca/s !m1 = be+ z l>ge z ! ca/+ object1 & altoge!r made up ( a blackness deep] ?an ! d>ke/ "p ( ! ca/+ object1 7:ile t object is also brok5 up ) positive & reflect$ lights17 _! l>ge1 broad1 unbrok5 spaces1 tell /rongly on ! eye1 especially z all =m is r5d]$ p>tially1 (t5 totally invisible )9 !m1 & z !y are sudd5ly t]m9at$ by ! %>pe/ l9es :i* nature ev] %[s4 ,= no outl9e ( objects :atsoev] is s %>p z ! edge ( a close %ad[4 ,put y\r f+] ov] a piece ( :ite pap] 9 ! sun1 & obs]ve ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! s(tness ( ! outl9e ( ! f+] itself & ! decision ( ! edge ( ! %ad[4 ,& note also ! excessive gloom ( ! latt]4 ,a piece ( black clo?1 laid 9 ! light1 w n atta9 "o-f\r? ( ! blackness ( ! pap] "u ! %ad[4 ,sec4 #b4 ,& !re=e ! di/9ctness ( %ad[s is ! *ief means ( express+ vividness ( light4 ,sec4 #c4 ,total abs5ce ( su* di/9ctness 9 ! works ( ! ,italian s*ool4 ,sec4 #d4 ,& p>tial abs5ce 9 ! ,dut*4 ,h5ce %ad[s are 9 reality1 :5 ! sun is %9+1 ! mo/ conspicu\s ?+ 9 a l&scape1 next to ! highe/ lights4 ,all =ms are und]/ood & expla9$ *iefly by _! ag5cy3 ! r\ghness ( ! b>k ( a tree1 = in/ance1 is n se5 9 ! light1 nor 9 ! %ade3 x is only se5 betwe5 ! two1 :]e ! %ad[s ( ! ridges expla9 x4 ,& h5ce1 if we h to express vivid light1 our v fir/ aim mu/ be to get ! %ad[s %>p & visible2 & ?is is n to be done by blackness1 7?\gh inde$ *alk on :ite pap] is ! only ?+ :i* comes up to ! int5sity ( real %ad[s17 b by keep+ !m p]fectly flat1 ke51 & ev54 ,a v pale %ad[1 if x be q flat--if x conceal ! details ( ! objects x crosses--if x be gray & cold comp>$ to _! color1 & v %>p edg$1 w be f> m conspicu\s1 & make ev]y?+ out ( x look a great deal m l sunlight1 ?an a %ad[ t5 times its dep?1 %ad$ (f at ! edge1 & conf\nd$ ) ! color ( ! objects on :i* x falls4 ,n[ ! old ma/]s ( ! ,italian s*ool1 9 almo/ all ( _! works1 directly rev]se ?is pr9ciple3 !y black5 _! %ad[s till ! picture becomes q appall+1 & ev]y?+ 9 x invisible2 b !y make a po9t ( los+ _! edges1 & c>ry+ !m (f by gradation2 9 consequ5ce utt]ly de/roy+ e appe>ance ( sunlight4 ,all _! %ad[s are ! fa9t1 second>y d>knesses ( m]e daylight2 ! sun has no?+ :atev] to d ) !m4 ,! %ad[ betwe5 ! pages ( ! book :i* y hold 9 y\r h& is di/9ct & visible en\gh1 7?\gh y are1 ,i suppose1 read+ x by ! ord9>y daylight ( y\r room17 out ( ! sun2 & ?is weak & second>y %ad[ is all t we ev] f9d 9 ! ,italian ma/]s1 z indicative ( sun%9e4 ,ev5 ,cuyp & ,b]ghem1 ?\gh !y "k ?or\ghly well :at !y are ab\t 9 _! =egr\nds1 =get ! pr9ciple 9 _! di/ances2 & ?\gh 9 ,claude's seaports1 :]e he has pla9 ar*itecture to deal )1 he gives u some?+ l real %ad[s along ! /ones1 ! mom5t we come to gr\nd & foliage ) lat]al light1 away g ! %ad[s & ! sun toge!r4 ,9 ! ,m>riage ( ,isaac & ,rebecca1 9 our own gall]y1 ! trunks ( ! trees betwe5 ! wat]-:eel & ! :ite figure 9 ! middle di/ance1 are d>k & visible2 b _! %ad[s are sc>cely disc]nible on ! gr\nd1 & are q vague & lo/ 9 ! build+4 ,9 nature1 e bit ( ! %ad[ w\ld h be5 d>k] ?an ! d>ke/ "p ( ! trunks1 & bo? on ! gr\nd & build+ w\ld h be5 def9$ & conspicu\s2 :ile ! trunks !mselves w\ld h be5 fa9t1 confus$1 & indi/+ui%able1 9 _! illum9$ p>ts1 f ! grass or di/ance4 ,s 9 ,p\ss9's ,phocion1 ! %ad[ ( ! /ick on ! /one 9 ! "r-h& corn]1 is %ad$ (f & lo/1 :ile y see ! /ick pla9 all ! way4 ,9 nature's sunlight x w\ld h be5 ! direct rev]se--y w\ld h se5 ! %ad[ black & %>p all ! way d[n1 b y w\ld h _h to look = ! /ick1 :i* 9 all probability w\ld 9 sev]al places h be5 confus$ ) ! /one beh9d x4 ,& s ?r\gh\t ! works ( ,claude1 ,p\ss91 & ,salvator1 we %all f9d1 especially 9 _! conv5tional foliage1 & un>ticulat$ b>b>isms ( rock1 t _! :ole sum & sub/ance ( *i>oscuro is m]ely ! gradation & v>iation :i* nature gives 9 ! body ( h] %ad[s1 & t all :i* !y d to express sun%9e1 %e does to v>y %ade4 ,!y take only "o /ep1 :ile %e always takes two2 m>k+1 9 ! fir/ place1 ) viol5t decision1 ! great transition f sun to %ade1 & !n v>y+ ! %ade itself ) a ?\s& g5tle gradations & d\ble %ad[s1 9 !mselves equival5t1 & m ?an equival5t1 to all t ! old ma/]s did = _! entire *i>oscuro4 ,sec4 #e4 ,! p]fection ( ,turn]'s works 9 ?is respect4 ,n[ if !re be "o pr9ciple1 or secret m ?an ano!r1 on :i* ,turn] dep5ds = atta9+ brilliancy ( light1 x is 8 cle> & exquisite draw+ ( ! %ad[s4 ,:atev] is obscure1 mi/y1 or undef9$ 9 8 objects or 8 atmosph]e1 he takes c>e t ! %ad[s be %>p & cle>--& !n he kn[s t ! light w take c>e ( itself1 & he makes !m cle>1 n by blackness1 b by excessive ev5ness1 unity1 & %>pness ( edge4 ,he w keep !m cle> & di/9ct1 & make !m felt z %ad[s1 ?\gh !y are s fa9t1 t1 b = _! decisive =ms1 we %\ld n h obs]v$ !m = d>kness at all4 ,he w ?r[ !m "o aft] ano!r l transp>5t veils1 along ! e>? & ^u ! air1 till ! :ole picture palpitates ) !m1 & yet ! d>ke/ ( !m w be a fa9t gray1 imbu$ & p5etrat$ ) light4 ,! pavem5t on ! left ( ! ,h]o & ,le&]1 is ab\t ! mo/ ?or\gh piece ( ?is k9d ( sorc]y t ,i rememb] 9 art2 b ( ! g5]al pr9ciple1 n "o ( 8 works is )\t con/ant evid5ce4 ,take ! vignette ( ! g>d5 opposite ! title-page ( ,rog]s's ,poems1 & note ! draw+ ( ! ne>e/ balu/rade on ! "r4 ,! balu/]s !mselves are fa9t & mi/y1 & ! light ?r\gh !m feeble2 b ! %ad[s ( !m are %>p & d>k1 & ! int]v5+ light z int5se z x c be left4 ,& see h[ mu* m di/9ct ! %ad[ ( ! runn+ figure is on ! pavem5t1 ?an ! *eck]s ( ! pavem5t itself4 ,obs]ve ! %ad[s on ! trunk ( ! tree at page #ia1 h[ !y conqu] all ! details ( ! trunk itself1 & become d>k] & m conspicu\s ?an any "p ( ! b\ghs or limbs1 & s 9 ! vignette to ,campbell's ,bee*tree's ,petition4 ,take ! beautiful conc5tration ( all t is mo/ *>act]i/ic ( ,italy z %e is1 at page #afh ( ,rog]s's ,italy1 :]e we h ! long %ad[s ( ! trunks made by f> ! mo/ conspicu\s ?+ 9 ! :ole =egr\nd1 & he> h[ ,wordswor?1 ! ke5e/-ey$ ( all mod]n poets = :at is deep & ess5tial 9 nature1 illu/rates ,turn] "h1 z we %all f9d him do+ 9 all o!r po9ts4 ,at ! root ,( t tall p9e1 ! %ad[ ( ^: b>e ,& sl5d] /em1 :ile "h ,i sit at eve1 ,(t /ret*es t['rds me1 l a long /raight pa?1 ,trac$ fa9tly 9 ! gre5sw>d4 ,,excursion1 ,book ,,vi ,sec4 #f4 ,! effect ( 8 %ad[s ^u ! light4 ,s aga9 9 ! ,rhym]'s ,gl51 7,illu/rations to ,scott17 note ! int]tw9+ ( ! %ad[s across ! pa?1 & ! *eck]+ ( ! trunks by !m2 & aga9 on ! bridge 9 ! ,arm/rong's ,t[]2 & yet m 9 ! long av5ue ( ,bri5ne1 :]e we h a l5g? ( two or ?ree miles express$ by ! play+ %ad[s alone1 & ! :ole picture fill$ ) sun%9e by ! long l9es ( d>kness ca/ by ! figures on ! sn[4 ,! ,hampton ,c\rt 9 ! ,engl& s]ies1 is ano!r v /rik+ in/ance4 ,9 fact1 ! g5]al sy/em ( execution obs]vable 9 all ,turn]'s draw+s1 is to "w 8 gr\nds ri*ly & fully1 sometimes /ippl+1 & giv+ inf9ity ( delicate1 my/]i\s1 & ceaseless detail2 & on ! gr\nd s prep>$ to ca/ 8 %ad[s ) "o da% ( ! bru%1 leav+ an excessively %>p edge ( wat]y color4 ,su* at lea/ is commonly ! case 9 su* co>se & broad in/ances z ^? ,i h above giv54 ,words are n accurate en\gh1 nor delicate en\gh to express or trace ! con/ant1 all-p]vad+ influ5ce ( ! f9] & vagu] %ad[s ?r\gh\t 8 works1 t ?rill+ influ5ce :i* gives to ! light !y leave1 its passion & its p[]4 ,!re is n a /one1 n a leaf1 n a cl\d1 ov] :i* light is n felt to be actually pass+ & palpitat+ be=e our eyes4 ,!re is ! motion1 ! actual wave & radiation ( ! d>t$ beam--n ! dull univ]sal daylight1 :i* falls on ! l&scape )\t life1 or direction1 or speculation1 equal on all ?+s & dead on all ?+s2 b ! brea?+1 animat$1 exult+ light1 :i* feels1 & receives1 & rejoices1 & acts--:i* *ooses "o ?+ & rejects ano!r--:i* seeks1 & f9ds1 & loses aga9--leap+ f rock to rock1 f leaf to leaf1 f wave to wave1--gl[+1 or fla%+1 or sc9tillat+1 accord+ to :at x /rikes1 or 9 its holi] moods1 absorb+ & enfold+ all ?+s 9 ! deep fulness ( its repose1 & !n aga9 los+ itself 9 bewild]m5t1 & d\bt1 & dimness2 or p]i%+ & pass+ away1 entangl$ 9 drift+ mi/1 or melt$ into melan*oly air1 b /ill1--k9dl+1 or decl9+1 sp>kl+ or /ill1 x is ! liv+ light1 :i* brea!s 9 its deepe/1 mo/ entranc$ re/1 :i* sleeps1 b nev] dies4 ,sec4 #g4 ,! di/9ction holds good betwe5 almo/ all ! works ( ! anci5t & mod]n s*ools4 ,i ne$ sc>cely insi/ f>!r on ! m>k$ di/9ction betwe5 ! works ( ! old ma/]s & ^? ( ! great mod]n l&scape-pa9t]s 9 ?is respect4 ,x is "o :i* ! read] c p]fectly well "w out = himself1 by ! slighte/ sy/ematic att5tion1--"o :i* he w f9d exi/+1 n m]ely betwe5 ?is "w & t1 b ?r\gh\t ! :ole body ( _! productions1 & d[n to e leaf & l9e4 ,& a little c>eful wat*+ ( nature1 especially 9 h] foliage & =egr\nds1 & comp>ison ( h] ) ,claude1 ,gasp> ,p\ss91 & ,salvator1 w soon %[ him t ^? arti/s work$ entirely on conv5tional pr9ciples1 n repres5t+ :at !y saw1 b :at !y ?\ght w\ld make a h&some picture2 & ev5 :5 !y w5t to nature1 :i* ,i believe to h be5 a v mu* r>] practice ) !m ?an _! biograph]s w\ld h u suppose1 !y copi$ h] l *ildr51 draw+ :at !y knew to be !re1 b n :at !y saw !re4#bb ,i believe y may se>* ! =egr\nds ( ,claude1 f "o end ( ,europe to ano!r1 & y w n f9d ! %ad[ ( "o leaf ca/ ^u ano!r4 ,y w f9d leaf aft] leaf pa9t$ m or less boldly or brightly out ( ! black gr\nd1 & y w f9d d>k leaves def9$ 9 p]fect =m ^u ! light2 b y w n f9d ! =m ( a s+le leaf disguis$ or int]rupt$ by ! %ad[ ( ano!r4 ,& ,p\ss9 & ,salvator are /ill f>!r f any?+ l g5u9e tru?4 ,!re is no?+ 9 _! pictures :i* might n be manufactur$ 9 _! pa9t+-room1 ) a bran* or two ( brambles & a bun* or two ( we$s be=e !m1 to give !m ! =m ( ! leaves4 ,& x is refre%+ to turn f _! ignorant & impot5t repetitions ( *ildi% conception1 to ! cle>1 close1 g5u9e /udies ( mod]n arti/s2 = x is n ,turn] only1 7?\gh "h1 z 9 all o!r po9ts1 ! fir/17 :o is rem>kable = f9e & expressive decision ( *i>oscuro4 ,"s passages by ,j4 ,d4 ,h>d+ are ?or\ghly admirable 9 ?is respect1 ?\gh ?is ma/] is gett+ a little too mu* into a habit ( g5]al ke5 execution1 :i* prev5ts ! p>ts :i* ought to be especially decisive f be+ felt z su*1 & :i* makes 8 pictures1 especially ! l>ge ones1 look a little ?94 ,b "s ( 8 lat] passages ( rock =egr\nd h1 tak5 9 ! ab/ract1 be5 beyond all praise1 ow+ to ! exquisite =ms & firm expressiv5ess ( _! %ad[s4 ,& ! *i>oscuro ( ,/anfield is equally des]v+ ( ! mo/ att5tive /udy4 ,sec4 #h4 ,second great pr9ciple ( *i>oscuro4 ,bo? high light & deep %ad[ are us$ 9 equal quantity & only 9 po9ts4 ,! second po9t to :i* ,i wi% at pres5t to direct att5tion has ref]5ce to ! arrangem5t ( light & %ade4 ,x is ! con/ant habit ( nature to use bo? h] highe/ lights & deepe/ %ad[s 9 exce$+ly small quantity2 always 9 po9ts1 nev] 9 masses4 ,%e w give a l>ge mass ( t5d] light 9 sky or wat]1 impressive by its quantity1 & a l>ge mass ( t5d] %ad[ reliev$ aga9/ x1 9 foliage1 or hill1 or build+2 b ! light is always subdu$ if x be ext5sive--! %ad[ always feeble if x be broad4 ,%e w !n fill up all ! re/ ( h] picture ) middle t9ts & pale grays ( "s sort or ano!r1 & on ?is quiet & h>moni\s :ole1 %e w t\* h] high lights 9 spots--! foam ( an isolat$ wave--! sail ( a solit>y vessel--! fla% ( ! sun f a wet ro(--! gleam ( a s+le :itewa%$ cottage--or "s su* s\rces ( local brilliancy1 %e w use s vividly & delicately z to ?r[ ev]y?+ else into def9ite %ade by comp>ison4 ,& !n tak+ up ! gloom1 %e w use ! black holl[s ( "s ov]hang+ bank1 or ! black dress ( "s %ad$ figure1 or ! dep? ( "s sunless *9k ( wall or w9d[1 s %>ply z to ?r[ ev]y?+ else into def9ite light by comp>ison2 ?us r$uc+ ! :ole mass ( h] picture to a delicate middle t9t1 approa*+1 ( c\rse1 "h to light1 & !re to gloom2 b yet %>ply sep>at$ f ! utmo/ degrees ei!r ( ! "o or ! o!r4 ,sec4 #i4 ,neglect or contradiction ( ?is pr9ciple by writ]s on art4 ,sec4 #aj4 ,& consequ5t misguid+ ( ! /ud5t4 ,n[ x is a curi\s ?+ t none ( our writ]s on art seem to h notic$ ! great pr9ciple ( nature 9 ?is respect4 ,!y all talk ( deep %ad[ z a ?+ t may be giv5 9 quantity1--"o f\r? ( ! picture1 or1 9 c]ta9 effects1 mu* m4 ,b>ry1 = in/ance1 says t ! practice ( ! great pa9t]s1 :o be/ und]/ood ! effects ( *i>oscuro1 01 = ! mo/ "p1 to make ! mass ( middle t9t l>g] ?an ! light1 & ! mass ( d>k l>g] ?an ! masses ( light & middle t9t toge!r1 i4e41 occupy+ m ?an "o-half ( ! picture4 ,n[ ,i d n "k :at we are to suppose is meant by und]/&+ *i>oscuro4 ,if x means be+ able to manufacture agreeable patt]ns 9 ! %ape ( pyramids1 & crosses1 & zigzags1 into :i* arms & legs are to be p]suad$1 & passion & motion arrang$1 = ! promotion & enc\ragem5t ( ! cant ( criticism1 su* a pr9ciple may be productive ( ! mo/ advantage\s results4 ,b if x means1 be+ acqua9t$ ) ! deep1 p]petual1 sy/ematic1 un9trusive simplicity & unwe>i$ v>iety ( nature's *i>oscuro--if x means ! p]ception t blackness & sublimity are n synonym\s1 & t space & light may possibly be coadjutors--!n no man1 :o ev] advocat$ or dream$ ( su* a pr9ciple1 is any?+ m ?an a novice1 blund]] & trick/] 9 *i>oscuro4 ,& my firm belief is1 t ?\gh color is inveigh$ aga9/ by all arti/s1 z ! great ,circe ( art--! great trans=m] ( m9d into s5suality--no fondness = x1 no /udy ( x1 is half s great a p]il & /umbl+-block to ! "y /ud5t1 z ! admiration he he>s be/[$ on su* artificial1 false1 & juggl+ *i>oscuro1 & ! in/ruction he receives1 bas$ on su* pr9ciples z t giv5 u by ,fuseli--t m]e natural light & %ade1 h[ev] sep>ately or individually true1 is n always legitimate *i>oscuro 9 art4 ,x may n always be agreeable to a sophi/icat$1 unfeel+1 & p]v]t$ m9d2 b ! /ud5t _h bett] ?r[ up 8 art at once1 ?an proce$ on ! conviction t any o!r c ev] be legitimate4 ,i believe ,i %all be p]fectly well able to prove1 9 foll[+ p>ts ( ! "w1 t m]e natural light & %ade is ! only fit & fai?ful att5dant ( ! highe/ art2 & t all tricks--all visible1 int5d$ arrangem5t--all ext5d$ %ad[s & n>r[ lights--ev]y?+ 9 fact1 9 ! lea/ degree artificial1 or t5d+ to make ! m9d dwell ^u light & %ade z su*1 is an injury1 in/ead ( an aid1 to conceptions ( high ideal dignity4 ,i believe ,i %all be able also to %[1 t nature manages h] *i>oscuro a great deal m neatly & clev]ly ?an p fancy2--t m]e natural light & %ade is a v mu* f9] ?+ ?an mo/ arti/s c put toge!r1 & t none ?9k !y c improve ^u x b ^? :o nev] und]/ood x4 ,sec4 #aa4 ,! great value ( a simple *i>oscuro4 ,b h[ev] ?is may be1 x is beyond dispute t e p]mission giv5 to ! /ud5t to amuse himself ) pa9t+ "o figure all black1 & ! next all :ite1 & ?r[+ !m out ) a backgr\nd ( no?+--e p]mission giv5 to him to spoil 8 pocketbook ) six?s ( sun%9e & sev5?s ( %ade1 & o!r su* fractional sublimities1 is s mu* m difficulty laid 9 ! way ( 8 ev] becom+ a ma/]2 & t none are 9 ! "r road to real excell5ce1 b ^? :o are /ruggl+ to r5d] ! simplicity1 purity1 & inexhau/ible v>iety ( nature's own *i>oscuro 9 op51 cl\dless daylight1 giv+ ! expanse ( h>moni\s light--! speak+1 decisive %ad[--& ! exquisite grace1 t5d]ness1 & gr&eur ( a]ial opposition ( local color & equally illum9at$ l9es4 ,no *i>oscuro is s difficult z ?is2 & none s noble1 *a/e1 or impressive4 ,on ?is "p ( ! subject1 h[ev]1 ,i mu/ n enl>ge at pres5t4 ,i wi% n[ only to speak ( ^? great pr9ciples ( *i>oscuro1 :i* nature obs]ves1 ev5 :5 %e is mo/ work+ = effect--:5 %e is play+ ) ?und]-cl\ds & sunbeams1 & ?r[+ "o ?+ out & obscur+ ano!r1 ) ! mo/ m>k$ arti/ical feel+ & int5tion2--ev5 !n1 %e nev] =gets h] great rule1 to give precisely ! same quantity ( deepe/ %ade :i* %e does ( highe/ light1 & no m2 po9ts ( ! "o answ]+ to po9ts ( ! o!r1 & bo? vividly conspicu\s & sep>at$ f all ! re/ ( ! l&scape4 ,sec4 #ab4 ,! %>p sep>ation ( nature's lights f h] middle t9t4 ,& x is mo/ s+ul> t ?is sep>ation1 :i* is ! great s\rce ( brilliancy 9 nature1 %\ld n only be unobs]v$1 b absolutely =bidd5 by our great writ]s on art1 :o are always talk+ ab\t connect+ ! light ) ! %ade by imp]ceptible gradations4 ,n[ s surely z ?is is done1 all sun%9e is lo/1 = imp]ceptible gradation f light to d>k is ! *>act]i/ic ( objects se5 out ( sun%9e1 9 :at is1 9 l&scape1 %ad[4 ,nature's pr9ciple ( gett+ light is ! direct rev]se4 ,%e w cov] h] :ole l&scape ) middle t9t1 9 :i* %e w h z _m gradations z y please1 & a great _m m ?an y c pa9t2 b on ?is middle t9t %e t\*es h] extreme lights1 & extreme d>ks1 isolat$ & %>p1 s t ! eye goes to !m directly1 & feels !m to be key-notes ( ! :ole composition4 ,& al?\gh ! d>k t\*es are less attractive ?an ! light ones1 x is n because !y are less di/9ct1 b because !y exhibit no?+2 :ile ! bright t\*es are 9 p>ts :]e ev]y?+ is se51 & :]e 9 consequ5ce ! eye goes to re/4 ,b yet ! high lights d n exhibit any?+ 9 !mselves1 !y are too bright & dazzle ! eye2 & hav+ no %ad[s 9 !m1 _c exhibit =m1 = =m c only be se5 by %ad[ ( "s k9d or ano!r4 ,h5ce ! highe/ lights & deepe/ d>ks agree 9 ?is1 t no?+ is se5 9 ei!r ( !m2 t bo? are 9 exce$+ly small quantity1 & bo? are m>k$ & di/9ct f ! middle tones ( ! l&scape--! "o by _! brilliancy1 ! o!r by _! %>p edges1 ev5 ?\gh _m ( ! m en]getic middle t9ts may approa* _! int5sity v closely4 ,sec4 #ac4 ,! tru? ( ,turn]4 ,i ne$ sc>cely d m ?an tell y to glance at any "o ( ! works ( ,turn]1 & y w p]ceive 9 a mom5t ! exquisite obs]vation ( all ^! pr9ciples2 ! %>pness1 decision1 conspicu\sness1 & excessively small quantity1 bo? ( extreme light & extreme %ade1 all ! mass ( ! picture be+ graduat$ & delicate middle t9t4 ,take up ! ,riv]s ( ,france1 = in/ance1 & turn ov] a few ( ! plates 9 succession4 #a4 ,*ateau ,gaill>d 7vignette47--,black figures & boats1 po9ts ( %ade2 sun-t\*es on ca/le1 & wake ( boat1 ( light4 ,see h[ ! eye re/s on bo?1 & obs]ve h[ %>p & sep>ate all ! lights are1 fall+ 9 spots1 edg$ by %ad[1 b n melt+ (f into x4 #b4 ,orleans4--,! cr[d$ figures supply bo? po9ts ( %ade & light4 ,obs]ve ! delicate middle t9t ( bo? 9 ! :ole mass ( build+s1 & comp>e ?is ) ! blackness ( ,canaletto's %ad[s1 aga9/ :i* nei!r figures nor any?+ else c ev] tell1 z po9ts ( %ade4 #c4 ,blois4--,:ite figures 9 boats1 buttresses ( bridge1 dome ( *ur* on ! "r1 = light2 woman on horseback1 heads ( boats1 = %ad[4 ,note especially ! isolation ( ! light on ! *ur* dome4 #d4 ,*ateau de ,blois4--,tor*es & :ite figures = light1 ro( ( *apel & monks' dresses = %ade4 #e4 ,beaug5cy4--,sails & spire oppos$ to buoy & boats4 ,an exquisite in/ance ( brilliant1 sp>kl+1 isolat$ t\*es ( morn+ light4 #f4 ,amboise4--,:ite sail & cl\ds2 cypresses "u ca/le4 #g4 ,*ateau ( ,amboise4--,! boat 9 ! c5tre1 ) its reflections1 ne$s no comm5t4 ,note ! glanc+ lights "u ! bridge4 ,?is is a v glori\s & p]fect in/ance4 #h4 ,/4 ,juli51 ,t\rs4--,especially rem>kable = its pres]vation ( deep po9ts ( gloom1 because ! :ole picture is "o ( ext5d$ %ade4 ,i ne$ sc>cely g on4 ,! above in/ances are tak5 z !y happ5 to come1 )\t selection4 ,! read] c proce$ = himself4 ,i may1 h[ev]1 "n a few cases ( *i>oscuro m especially des]v+ ( 8 /udy4 ,sc5e betwe5 ,quilleboeuf & ,villequi]1--,honfleur1--,light ,t[]s ( ! ,heve1--,on ! ,se9e betwe5 ,mantes & ,v]non1--,! ,lant]n at ,/4 ,cl\d1--,conflu5ce ( ,se9e & ,m>ne1--,troyes1--! fir/ & la/ vignette1 & ^? at pages #cf1 #fc1 #ie1 #ahd1 #aib1 #bjc1 ( ,rog]s's poems2 ! fir/ & second 9 ,campbell1 ,/4 ,maurice 9 ! ,italy1 :]e note ! black /ork2 ,bri5ne1 ,skiddaw1 ,mayburgh1 ,melrose1 ,j$burgh1 9 ! illu/rations to ,scott1 & ! vignettes to ,milton1 n because ^! are "o :it sup]ior to o!rs ( 8 works1 b because ! laws ( :i* we h be5 speak+ are m /rik+ly develop$ 9 !m1 & because !y h be5 well engrav$4 ,x is impossible to reason f ! l>g] plates1 9 :i* half ! *i>oscuro is totally de/roy$ by ! haggl+1 black5+1 & mak+ out ( ! engrav]s4 ,,footnotes #bb ,comp>e ,sect4 ,,ii4 ,*ap4 ,,ii4 ,sec4 #f4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,( ,,tru? ,,( ,,space3--,,fir/ ,,z ,,dep5d5t ,,on ,,! ,,focus ,,( ,,! ,,eye4#bc ,sec4 #a4 ,space is m cle>ly indicat$ by ! draw+ ( objects ?an by _! hue4 ,9 ! fir/ *apt] ( ?is section ,i notic$ ! di/9ction betwe5 real a]ial p]spective1 & t ov]*>g$ contra/ ( light & %ade by :i* ! old ma/]s obta9$ _! deceptive effect2 & ,i %[$ t1 ?\gh inf]ior to !m 9 ! precise quality or tone ( a]ial color1 our great mod]n ma/] is altoge!r m tru?ful 9 ! expression ( ! proportionate relation ( all 8 di/ances to "o ano!r4 ,i am n[ ab\t to exam9e ^? modes ( express+ space1 bo? 9 nature & art by f> ! mo/ important1 :i* are dep5d5t1 n on ! relative hues ( objects1 b on ! draw+ ( !m3 by f> ! mo/ important1 ,i say1 because ! mo/ con/ant & c]ta92 = nature h]self is n always a]ial4 ,local effects are frequ5t :i* int]rupt & violate ! laws ( a]ial tone1 & induce /range deception 9 our ideas ( di/ance4 ,i h (t5 se5 ! summit ( a sn[y m\nta9 look ne>] ?an its base1 ow+ to ! p]fect cle>ness ( ! upp] air4 ,b ! draw+ ( objects1 t is to say1 ! degree 9 :i* _! details & p>ts are di/9ct or confus$1 is an unfail+ & c]ta9 crit]ion ( _! di/ance2 & if ?is be rightly r5d]$ 9 a pa9t+1 we %all h g5u9e tru? ( space1 9 spite ( _m errors 9 a]ial tone2 :ile1 if ?is be neglect$1 all space w be de/roy$1 :atev] dext]ity ( t9t may be employ$ to conceal ! defective draw+4 ,sec4 #b4 ,x is impossible to see objects at unequal di/ances di/9ctly at "o mom5t4 ,fir/1 !n1 x is to be notic$1 t ! eye1 l any o!r l5s1 mu/ h its focus alt]$1 9 ord] to convey a di/9ct image ( objects at diff]5t di/ances2 s t x is totally impossible to see di/9ctly1 at ! same mom5t1 two objects1 "o ( :i* is mu* f>!r (f ?an ano!r4 ,( ?is1 any "o may conv9ce himself 9 an in/ant4 ,look at ! b>s ( y\r w9d[-frame1 s z to get a cle> image ( _! l9es & =m1 & y _c1 :ile y\r eye is fix$ on !m1 p]ceive any?+ b ! mo/ indi/9ct & %ad[y images ( :atev] objects may be visible beyond4 ,b fix y\r eyes on ^? objects1 s z to see !m cle>ly1 & ?\gh !y are j beyond & app>5tly beside ! w9d[-frame1 t frame w only be felt or se5 z a vague1 flitt+1 obscure int]ruption to :atev] is p]ceiv$ beyond x4 ,a little att5tion direct$ to ?is fact w conv9ce e "o ( its univ]sality1 & prove beyond dispute t objects at unequal di/ances _c be se5 toge!r1 n f ! int]v5tion ( air or mi/1 b f ! impossibility ( ! rays proce$+ f bo?1 conv]g+ to ! same focus1 s t ! :ole impression1 ei!r ( "o or ! o!r1 mu/ necess>ily be confus$1 indi/9ct1 & inadequate4 ,sec4 #c4 ,especially su* z are bo? comp>atively ne>4 ,b1 be x obs]v$ 7& ,i h only to reque/ t :atev] ,i say may be te/$ by imm$iate exp]im5t17 ! diff]5ce ( focus necess>y is greate/ )9 ! fir/ five hundr$ y>ds1 & !re=e1 ?\gh x is totally impossible to see an object t5 y>ds f ! eye1 & "o a qu>t] ( a mile beyond x1 at ! same mom5t1 x is p]fectly possible to see "o a qu>t] ( a mile (f1 & "o five miles beyond x1 at ! same mom5t4 ,! consequ5ce ( ?is is1 practically1 t 9 a real l&scape1 we c see ! :ole ( :at w\ld be call$ ! middle di/ance & di/ance toge!r1 ) facility & cle>ness2 b :ile we d s we c see no?+ 9 ! =egr\nd beyond a vague & indi/9ct arrangem5t ( l9es & colors2 & t if1 on ! contr>y1 we look at any =egr\nd object1 s z to receive a di/9ct impression ( x1 ! di/ance & middle di/ance become all disord] & my/]y4 ,sec4 #d4 ,9 pa9t+1 !re=e1 ei!r ! =egr\nd or di/ance mu/ be p>tially sacrific$4 ,& !re=e1 if 9 a pa9t+ our =egr\nd is any?+1 our di/ance mu/ be no?+1 & vice v]sa2 = if we repres5t our ne> & di/ant objects z giv+ bo? at once t di/9ct image to ! eye1 :i* we receive 9 nature f ea*1 :5 we look at !m sep>ately2#bd & if we di/+ui% !m f ea* o!r only by ! air-tone2 & indi/9ctness dep5d5t on positive di/ance1 we violate "o ( ! mo/ ess5tial pr9ciples ( nature2 we repres5t t z se5 at once :i* c only be se5 by two sep>ate acts ( see+1 & tell a falsehood z gross z if we _h repres5t$ f\r sides ( a cubic object visible toge!r4 ,sec4 #e4 ,:i* n be+ done by ! old ma/]s1 !y c\ld n express space4 ,sec4 #f4 ,b mod]n arti/s h succe$$ 9 fully c>ry+ out ?is pr9ciple4 ,sec4 #g4 ,especially ( ,turn]4 ,n[1 to ?is fact & pr9ciple1 no l&scape pa9t] ( ! old s*ool1 z f> z ,i rememb]1 ev] paid ! slighte/ att5tion4 ,f9i%+ _! =egr\nds cle>ly & %>ply1 & ) vigor\s impression on ! eye1 giv+ ev5 ! leaves ( _! bu%es & grass ) p]fect edge & %ape1 !y proce$$ into ! di/ance ) equal att5tion to :at !y c\ld see ( its details--!y gave all t ! eye c p]ceive 9 a di/ance1 :5 x is fully & entirely devot$ to x1 & !re=e1 ?\gh ma/]s ( a]ial tone1 ?\gh employ+ e exp$i5t t art c\ld supply to conceal ! int]section ( l9es1 ?\gh c>icatur+ ! =ce & %ad[ ( ne> objects to ?r[ !m close ^u ! eye1 !y nev] succe$$ 9 truly repres5t+ space4 ,turn] introduc$ a new era 9 l&scape art1 by %[+ t ! =egr\nd might be sunk = ! di/ance1 & t x 0 possible to express imm$iate proximity to ! spectator1 )\t giv+ any?+ l complet5ess to ! =ms ( ! ne> objects4 ,?is is n done by slurr$ or s(t l9es1 obs]ve1 7always ! sign ( vice 9 art17 b by a decisive imp]fection1 a firm1 b p>tial ass]tion ( =m1 :i* ! eye feels inde$ to be close home to x1 & yet _c re/ ^u1 or cl+ to1 nor entirely und]/&1 & f :i* x is driv5 away ( necessity1 to ^? p>ts ( di/ance on :i* x is int5d$ to repose4 ,& ?is pr9ciple1 orig9at$ by ,turn]1 ?\gh fully c>ri$ out by him only1 has yet be5 act$ on ) judgm5t & success by sev]al less p[]ful arti/s ( ! ,engli% s*ool4 ,"s six ye>s ago1 ! br[n moorl& =egr\nds ( ,copley ,field+ 7 v in/ructive 9 ?is respect4 ,n a l9e 9 !m 0 made out1 n a s+le object cle>ly di/+ui%able4 ,wet broad sweeps ( ! bru%1 sp>kl+1 c>eless1 & accid5tal z nature h]self1 always tru?ful z f> z !y w5t1 imply+ k1 ?\gh n express+ x1 sugge/$ ev]y?+1 :ile !y repres5t$ no?+4 ,b f> (f into ! m\nta9 di/ance came ! %>p edge & ! delicate =m2 ! :ole int5tion & execution ( ! picture be+ guid$ & ex]t$ :]e ! great impression ( space & size 0 to be giv54 ,! spectator 0 compell$ to g =w>d into ! wa/e ( hills--!re1 :]e ! sun broke wide ^u ! moor1 he mu/ walk & w&]--he c\ld n /umble & hesitate ov] ! ne> rocks1 nor /op to botanize on ! fir/ in*es ( 8 pa?4#be ,& ! impression ( ^! pictures 0 always great & endur+1 z x 0 simple & tru?ful4 ,i d n "k any?+ 9 art :i* has express$ m completely ! =ce & feel+ ( nature 9 ^! p>ticul> sc5es4 ,& x is a f>!r illu/ration#bf ( ! pr9ciple we are insi/+ ^u1 t :]e1 z 9 "s ( 8 lat] works1 he has be/[$ m labor on ! =egr\nd1 ! picture has lo/ bo? 9 space & sublimity4 ,& among arti/s 9 g5]al1 :o are ei!r n aw>e ( ! pr9ciple1 or fe> to act ^u x1 7= x requires no small c\rage1 z well z skill1 to treat a =egr\nd ) t indi/9ctness & my/]y :i* !y h be5 accu/om$ to consid] z *>act]i/ic ( di/ance17 ! =egr\nd is n only felt1 z e l&scape pa9t] w confess1 to be ! mo/ emb>rass+ & unmanageable "p ( ! picture1 b1 9 n9ety-n9e cases out ( a hundr$1 w g ne> to de/roy ! effect ( ! re/ ( ! composition4 ,?us ,callcott's ,tr5t is sev]ely injur$ by ! h>% gr\p ( =egr\nd figures2 & ,/anfield v r>ely gets ?r\gh an ,academy picture )\t de/roy+ mu* ( its space1 by too mu* det]m9ation ( ne> =m2 :ile ,h>d+ con/antly sacrifices 8 di/ance1 & compels ! spectator to dwell on ! =egr\nd altoge!r1 ?\gh inde$1 ) su* =egr\nds z he gives u1 we are mo/ happy s to d4 ,b x is 9 ,turn] only t we see a bold & decisive *oice ( ! di/ance & middle di/ance1 z 8 great object ( att5tion2 & by him only t ! =egr\nd is unit$ & adapt$ to x1 n by any want ( draw+1 or co>s5ess1 or c>elessness ( execution1 b by ! mo/ precise & beautiful indication or sugge/ion ( j s mu* ( ev5 ! m9ute/ =ms z ! eye c see :5 its focus is n adapt$ to !m4 ,& h]e9 is ano!r reason = ! vigor & :ol5ess ( ! effect ( ,turn]'s works at any di/ance2 :ile ^? ( almo/ all o!r arti/s are sure to lose space z soon z we lose sight ( ! details4 ,sec4 #h4 ,ju/ification ( ! want ( draw+ 9 ,turn]'s figures4 ,& n[ we see ! reason = ! s+ul>1 & to ! ignorant 9 art1 ! (f5sive execution ( ,turn]'s figures4 ,i d n mean to ass]t t !re is any reason :atsoev]1 = bad draw+1 7?\gh 9 l&scape x matt]s exce$+ly little27 b t !re is bo? reason & necessity = t want ( draw+ :i* gives ev5 ! ne>e/ figures r\nd balls ) f\r p9k spots 9 !m in/ead ( faces1 & f\r da%es ( ! bru% in/ead ( h&s & feet2 = x is totally impossible t if ! eye be adapt$ to receive ! rays proce$+ f ! utmo/ di/ance1 & "s p>tial impression f all ! di/ances1 x %\ld be capable ( p]ceiv+ m ( ! =ms & features ( ne> figures ?an ,turn] gives4 ,& h[ absolutely necess>y to ! fai?ful repres5tation ( space ?is indecision really is1 might be prov$ ) ! utmo/ ease by any "o :o _h v5]ation en\gh = ! arti/ to sacrifice "o ( 8 pictures to 8 fame2 :o w\ld take "s "o ( 8 works 9 :i* ! figures 7 mo/ incomplete1 & h !m pa9t$ 9 by any ( our delicate & fir/-rate figure-pa9t]s1 absolutely pres]v+ e color & %ade ( ,turn]'s gr\p1 s z n to lose "o atom ( ! composition1 b giv+ eyes = ! p9k spots1 & feet = ! :ite ones4 ,let ! picture be s exhibit$ 9 ! ,academy1 & ev5 novices 9 art w\ld feel at a glance t its tru? ( space 0 gone1 t e "o ( its beauties & h>monies _h und]gone decomposition1 t x 0 n[ a grammatical solecism1 a pa9t+ ( impossibilities1 a ?+ to torture ! eye1 & (f5d ! m9d4 ,,footnotes #bc ,i h left ?is *apt] 9 its orig9al place1 because ,i am m ?an ev] conv9c$ ( ! tru? ( ! position advanc$ 9 ! #h? p>agraph2 nor c ,i at pres5t assign any o!r cause1 ?an t "h giv51 = :at is !re ass]t$2 & yet ,i _c b ?9k t ,i h all[$ f> too mu* influ5ce to a *ange s slight z t :i* we ins5sibly make 9 ! focus ( ! eye2 & t ! real ju/ification ( ,turn]'s practice1 ) respect to "s ( 8 =egr\nds1 is to be else:]e s\ght4 ,i leave ! subject1 !re=e1 to ! read]'s consid]ation4 #bd ,?is incapacity ( ! eye mu/ n be conf\nd$ ) its incapability to compreh5d a l>ge portion ( lat]al space at once4 ,we inde$ c see1 at any "o mom5t1 little m ?an "o po9t1 ! objects beside x be+ confus$ & indi/9ct2 b we ne$ pay no att5tion to ?is 9 art1 because we c see j z little ( ! picture z we c ( ! l&scape )\t turn+ ! eye1 & h5ce any slurr+ or confus+ ( "o "p ( x1 lat]ally1 m ?an ano!r1 is n f\nd$ on any tru? ( nature1 b is an exp$i5t ( ! arti/--& (t5 an excell5t & desirable "o--to make ! eye re/ :]e he wi%es x4 ,b z ! t\* expressive ( a di/ant object is z ne> ^u ! canvas z t expressive ( a ne> "o1 bo? are se5 di/9ctly & ) ! same focus ( ! eye1 & h5ce an imm$iate contradiction ( nature results1 unless "o or o!r be giv5 ) an artificial & increas$ indi/9ctness1 expressive ( ! appe>ance peculi> to ! unadapt$ focus4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x mu/ be not$ t ! great] "p ( ! effect above describ$ is consequ5t n on v>iation ( focus1 b on ! diff]5t angle at :i* ne> objects are se5 by ea* ( ! two eyes1 :5 bo? are direct$ t[>ds ! di/ance4 #be ,!re is no inconsi/5cy1 obs]ve1 betwe5 ?is passage & :at 0 be=e ass]t$ respect+ ! necessity ( botanical fidelity--:]e ! =egr\nd is ! object ( att5tion4 ,comp>e ,"p ,,ii4 ,sect4 ,i4 ,*ap4 ,,vii4 ,sec4 #aj3--,to pa9t mi/ rightly1 space rightly1 & light rightly1 x may be (t5 necess>y to pa9t no?+ else rightly4 #bf ,h>dly4 ,x w\ld h be5 s only _h ! rec5tly f9i%$ =egr\nds be5 z accurate 9 detail z !y are abundant3 !y are pa9ful1 ,i believe1 n f _! f9i%1 b _! fals5ess4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,( ,,tru? ,,( ,,space3--,,secondly1 ,,z ,,its ,,appe>ance ,,is ,,dep5d5t ,,on ,,! ,,p[] ,,( ,,! ,,eye4 ,sec4 #a4 ,! peculi> indi/9ctness dep5d5t on ! retirem5t ( objects f ! eye4 ,9 ! la/ *apt]1 we h se5 h[ indi/9ctness ( individual di/ances becomes necess>y 9 ord] to express ! adaptation ( ! eye to "o or o!r ( !m2 we h n[ to exam9e t k9d ( indi/9ctness :i* is dep5d5t on real retirem5t ( ! object ev5 :5 ! focus ( ! eye is fully conc5trat$ ^u x4 ,! fir/ k9d ( indecision is t :i* belongs to all objects :i* ! eye is n adapt$ to1 :e!r ne> or f> (f3 ! second is t consequ5t ^u ! want ( p[] 9 ! eye to receive a cle> image ( objects at a great di/ance f x1 h[ev] att5tively x may reg>d !m4 ,draw on a piece ( :ite pap]1 a squ>e & a circle1 ea* ab\t a twelf? or eigh? ( an in* 9 diamet]1 & black5 !m s t _! =ms may be v di/9ct2 place y\r pap] aga9/ ! wall at ! end ( ! room1 & retire f x a great] or less di/ance accord+ z y h drawn ! figures l>g] or small]4 ,y w come to a po9t :]e1 ?\gh y c see bo? ! spots ) p]fect pla9ness1 y _c tell :i* is ! squ>e & :i* ! circle4 ,sec4 #b4 ,causes confusion1 b n annihilation ( details4 ,n[ ?is takes place ( c\rse ) e object 9 a l&scape1 9 proportion to its di/ance & size4 ,! def9ite =ms ( ! leaves ( a tree1 h[ev] %>ply & sep>ately !y may appe> to come aga9/ ! sky1 are q indi/+ui%able at fifty y>ds (f1 & ! =m ( ev]y?+ becomes confus$ be=e we f9ally lose sight ( x4 ,n[ if ! "* ( an object1 say ! front ( a h\se1 be expla9$ by a v>iety ( =ms 9 x1 z ! %ad[s 9 ! tops ( ! w9d[s1 ! l9es ( ! ar*itraves1 ! seams ( ! masonry1 etc42 ^! less] details1 z ! object falls into di/ance1 become confus$ & undecid$1 ea* ( !m los+ _! def9ite =ms1 b all be+ p]fectly visible z some?+1 a :ite or a d>k spot or /roke1 n lo/ sight (1 obs]ve1 b yet s se5 t we _c tell :at !y are4 ,z ! di/ance increases1 ! confusion becomes great]1 until at la/ ! :ole front ( ! h\se becomes m]ely a flat1 pale space1 9 :i*1 h[ev]1 !re is /ill obs]vable a k9d ( ri*ness & *eck]+1 caus$ by ! details 9 x1 :i*1 ?\gh totally m]g$ & lo/ 9 ! mass1 h /ill an influ5ce on ! texture ( t mass2 until at la/ ! :ole h\se itself becomes a m]e light or d>k spot :i* we c pla9ly see1 b _c tell :at x is1 nor di/+ui% x f a /one or any o!r object4 ,sec4 #c4 ,in/ances 9 v>i\s objects4 ,n[ :at ,i p>ticul>ly wi% to insi/ ^u1 is ! /ate ( vision 9 :i* all ! details ( an object are se51 & yet se5 9 su* confusion & disord] t we _c 9 ! lea/ tell :at !y are1 or :at !y mean4 ,x is n mi/ betwe5 u & ! object1 /ill less is x %ade1 /ill less is x want ( "*2 x is a confusion1 a my/]y1 an int]f]+ ( undecid$ l9es ) ea* o!r1 n a dim9ution ( _! numb]2 w9d[ & door1 ar*itrave & frieze1 all are !re3 x is no cold & vacant mass1 x is full & ri* & abundant1 & yet y _c see a s+le =m s z to "k :at x is4 ,obs]ve y\r fri5d's face z he is com+ up to y2 fir/ x is no?+ m ?an a :ite spot2 n[ x is a face1 b y _c see ! two eyes1 nor ! m\?1 ev5 z spots2 y see a confusion ( l9es1 a some?+ :i* y "k f exp]i5ce to be indicative ( a face1 & yet y _c tell h[ x is s4 ,n[ he is ne>]1 & y c see ! spots = ! eyes & m\?1 b !y are n blank spots nei!r2 !re is detail 9 !m2 y _c see ! lips1 nor ! tee?1 nor ! br[s1 & yet y see m ?an m]e spots2 x is a m\? & an eye1 & !re is light & sp>kle & expression 9 !m1 b no?+ di/9ct4 ,n[ he is ne>] /ill1 & y c see t he is l y\r fri5d1 b y _c tell :e!r he is or n2 !re is a vagu5ess & indecision ( l9e /ill4 ,n[ y are sure1 b ev5 yet !re are a ?\s& ?+s 9 8 face :i* h _! effect 9 induc+ ! recognition1 b :i* y _c see s z to "k :at !y are4 ,sec4 #d4 ,two great resultant tru?s2 t nature is nev] di/9ct1 & nev] vacant4 ,*anges l ^!1 & /ates ( vision correspond+ to !m1 take place ) ea* & all ( ! objects ( nature1 & two great pr9ciples ( tru? are d$ucible f _! obs]vation4 ,fir/1 place an object z close to ! eye z y l1 !re is always some?+ 9 x :i* y _c see1 except 9 ! h9t$ & my/]i\s mann] above describ$4 ,y c see ! texture ( a piece ( dress1 b y _c see ! individual ?reads :i* compose x1 ?\gh !y are all felt1 & h ea* ( !m influ5ce on ! eye4 ,secondly1 place an object z f> f ! eye z y l1 & until x becomes itself a m]e spot1 !re is always some?+ 9 x :i* y c see1 ?\gh only 9 ! h9t$ mann] above describ$4 ,its %ad[s & l9es & local colors are n lo/ sight ( z x retires2 !y get mix$ & indi/+ui%able1 b !y are /ill !re1 & !re is a diff]5ce always p]ceivable betwe5 an object possess+ su* details & a flat or vacant space4 ,! grass blades ( a mead[ a mile (f1 are s f> disc]nible t !re w be a m>k$ diff]5ce betwe5 its appe>ance & t ( a piece ( wood pa9t$ gre54 ,& ?us nature is nev] di/9ct & nev] vacant1 %e is always my/]i\s1 b always abundant2 y always see some?+1 b y nev] see all4 ,& ?us arise t exquisite f9i% & fulness :i* ,god has appo9t$ to be ! p]petual s\rce ( fre% pleasure to ! cultivat$ & obs]vant eye1--a f9i% :i* no di/ance c r5d] invisible1 & no ne>ness compreh5sible2 :i* 9 e /one1 e b\gh1 e cl\d1 & e wave is multipli$ ar\nd u1 =ev] pres5t$1 & =ev] exhau/less4 ,& h5ce 9 art1 e space or t\* 9 :i* we c see ev]y?+1 or 9 :i* we c see no?+1 is false4 ,no?+ c be true :i* is ei!r complete or vacant2 e t\* is false :i* does n sugge/ m ?an x repres5ts1 & e space is false :i* repres5ts no?+4 ,sec4 #e4 ,complete violation ( bo? ^! pr9ciples by ! old ma/]s4 ,!y are ei!r di/9ct or vacant4 ,n[1 ,i w\ld n wi% = any m illu/rative or m>k$ examples ( ! total contradiction ( ^! two great pr9ciples1 ?an ! l&scape works ( ! old ma/]s1 tak5 z a body3--! ,dut* ma/]s furni%+ ! cases ( see+ ev]y?+1 & ! ,italians ( see+ no?+4 ,! rule ) bo? is inde$ ! same1 diff]5tly appli$4 ,y %all see ! bricks 9 ! wall1 & be able to c\nt !m1 or y %all see no?+ b a dead flat2 b ! ,dut* give y ! bricks1 & ! ,italians ! flat4 ,nature's rule be+ ! precise rev]se--,y %all nev] be able to c\nt ! bricks1 b y %all nev] see a dead space4 ,sec4 #f4 ,in/ances f ,ni*olas ,p\ss94 ,take1 = in/ance1 ! /reet 9 ! c5tre ( ! really great l&scape ( ,p\ss9 7great 9 feel+ at lea/7 m>k$ #bfj 9 ! ,dulwi* ,gall]y4 ,! h\ses are dead squ>e masses ) a light side & a d>k side1 & black t\*es = w9d[s4 ,!re is no sugge/ion ( any?+ 9 any ( ! spaces1 ! light wall is dead gray1 ! d>k wall dead gray1 & ! w9d[s dead black4 ,h[ diff]5tly w\ld nature h treat$ u4 ,%e w\ld h let u see ! ,indian corn hang+ on ! walls1 & ! image ( ! ,virg9 at ! angles1 & ! %>p1 brok51 broad %ad[s ( ! til$ eaves1 & ! deep ribb$ tiles ) ! doves ^u !m1 & ! c>v$ ,roman capital built into ! wall1 & ! :ite & blue /ripes ( ! mattresses /uff$ out ( ! w9d[s1 & ! flapp+ corn]s ( ! mat bl9ds4 ,all w\ld h be5 !re2 n z su*1 n l ! corn1 nor bl9ds1 nor tiles1 n to be compreh5d$ nor und]/ood1 b a confusion ( yell[ & black spots & /rokes1 c>ri$ f> too f9e = ! eye to foll[1 microscopic 9 its m9ut5ess1 & fill+ e atom & "p ( space ) my/]y1 out ( :i* w\ld h arrang$ itself ! g5]al impression ( tru? & life4 ,sec4 #g4 ,f ,claude4 ,aga91 take ! di/ant city on ! "r bank ( ! riv] 9 ,claude's ,m>riage ( ,isaac & ,rebecca1 9 ! ,national ,gall]y4 ,i h se5 _m cities 9 my life1 & drawn n a few2 & ,i h se5 _m =tifications1 fancy ones includ$1 :i* frequ5tly supply u ) v new ideas inde$1 especially 9 matt]s ( proportion2 b ,i d n rememb] ev] hav+ met ) ei!r a city or a =tress entirely compos$ ( r\nd t[]s ( v>i\s heights & sizes1 all facsimiles ( ea* o!r1 & absolutely agree+ 9 ! numb] ( battlem5ts4 ,i h1 inde$1 "s fa9t recollection ( hav+ del9eat$ su* an "o 9 ! fir/ page ( a spell+-book :5 ,i 0 f\r ye>s old2 b1 someh[ or o!r1 ! dignity & p]fection ( ! ideal 7 n appreciat$1 & ! volume 0 n consid]$ to be increas$ 9 value by ! frontispiece4 ,)\t1 h[ev]1 v5tur+ to d\bt ! entire sublimity ( ! same ideal z x occurs 9 ,claude1 let u consid] h[ nature1 if %e _h be5 =tunate en\gh to orig9ate s p]fect a conception1 w\ld h manag$ x 9 its details4 ,claude has p]mitt$ u to see e battlem5t1 & ! fir/ impulse we feel ^u look+ at ! picture is to c\nt h[ _m !re are4 ,nature w\ld h giv5 u a peculi> confus$ r\ghness ( ! upp] l9es1 a multitude ( int]sections & spots1 :i* we %\ld h kn[n f exp]i5ce 0 indicative ( battlem5ts1 b :i* we might z well h ?\ght ( creat+ z ( c\nt+4 ,claude has giv5 y ! walls bel[ 9 "o dead void ( uni=m gray4 ,!re is no?+ to be se51 nor felt1 nor guess$ at 9 x2 x is gray pa9t or gray %ade1 :i*ev] y may *oose to call x1 b x is no?+ m4 ,nature w\ld h let y see1 nay1 w\ld h compell$ y to see1 ?\s&s ( spots & l9es1 n "o to be absolutely und]/ood or acc\nt$ =1 b yet all *>act]i/ic & diff]5t f ea* o!r2 break+ lights on %att]$ /ones1 vague %ad[s f wav+ vegetation1 irregul> /a9s ( "t & wea!r1 m\ld]+ holl[s1 sp>kl+ casem5ts--all w\ld h be5 !re--none1 inde$1 se5 z su*1 none compreh5sible or l !mselves1 b all visible2 little %ad[s1 & sp>kles1 & scrat*es1 mak+ t :ole space ( color a transp>5t1 palpitat+1 v>i\s inf9ity4 ,sec4 #h4 ,& ,g4 ,p\ss94 ,or take "o ( ,p\ss9's extreme di/ances1 su* z t 9 ! ,sacrifice ( ,isaac4 ,x is lum9\s1 retir+1 delicate & p]fect 9 tone1 & is q complete en\gh to deceive & delight ! c>eless eye to :i* all di/ances are alike2 nay1 x is p]fect & ma/]ly1 & absolutely "r if we consid] x z a sket*1--z a fir/ plan ( a di/ance1 aft]w>ds to be c>ri$ out 9 detail4 ,b we mu/ rememb] t all ^! alt]nate spaces ( gray & gold are n ! l&scape itself1 b ! treatm5t ( x--n its sub/ance1 b its light & %ade4 ,!y are j :at nature w\ld ca/ ov] x1 & write ^u x ) e cl\d1 b :i* %e w\ld ca/ 9 play1 & )\t c>efulness1 z matt]s ( ! v smalle/ possible importance4 ,all h] "w & h] att5tion w\ld be giv5 to br+ out f und]nea? ?is1 & ?r\gh ?is1 ! =ms & ! mat]ial "* :i* ?is c only be valuable to illu/rate1 n to conceal4 ,e "o ( ^? broad spaces %e w\ld l+] ov] 9 protract$ delight1 tea*+ y fre% lessons 9 e hairsbread? ( x1 & p\r+ h] fulness ( inv5tion into x1 until ! m9d lo/ itself 9 foll[+ h]1--n[ fr++ ! d>k edge ( ! %ad[ ) a tuft$ l9e ( level =e/--n[ los+ x = an in/ant 9 a brea? ( mi/--!n break+ x ) ! :ite gleam+ angle ( a n>r[ brook--!n dwell+ ^u x aga9 9 a g5tle1 m\nd$1 melt+ undulation1 ov] ! o!r side ( :i* %e w\ld c>ry y d[n into a du/y space ( s(t1 cr[d$ light1 ) ! h$ges1 & ! pa?s1 & ! spr9kl$ cottages & scatt]$ trees mix$ up & m+l$ toge!r 9 "o beautiful1 delicate1 imp5etrable my/]y--sp>kl+ & melt+1 & pass+ away into ! sky1 )\t "o l9e ( di/9ctness1 or "o in/ant ( vacancy4 ,sec4 #i4 ,! imp]ative necessity1 9 l&scape pa9t+1 ( fulness & f9i%4 ,n[ x is1 inde$1 impossible = ! pa9t] to foll[ all ?is--he _c come up to ! same degree & ord] ( inf9ity--b he c give u a less] k9d ( inf9ity4 ,he has n "o-?\s&? "p ( ! space to occupy :i* nature has2 b he c1 at lea/1 leave no "p ( t space vacant & unpr(itable4 ,if nature c>ries out h] m9utiae ov] miles1 he has no excuse = g5]aliz+ 9 in*es4 ,& if he w only give u all he c1 if he w give u a fulness z complete & z my/]i\s z nature's1 we w p>don him = its be+ ! fulness ( a cup in/ead ( an ocean4 ,b we w n p>don him1 if1 because he has n ! mile to occupy1 he w n occupy ! in*1 & because he has few] means at 8 comm&1 w leave half ( ^? 9 8 p[] unex]t$4 ,/ill less w we p>don him = mi/ak+ ! sport ( nature = h] labor1 & = foll[+ h] only 9 h] h\r ( re/1 )\t obs]v+ h[ %e has work$ = x4 ,aft] sp5d+ c5turies 9 rais+ ! =e/1 & guid+ ! riv]1 & modell+ ! m\nta91 %e exults ov] h] "w 9 buoyancy ( _s1 ) playful sunbeam & fly+ cl\d2 b ! pa9t] mu/ g ?r\gh ! same labor1 or he mu/ n h ! same recreation4 ,let him *isel 8 rock fai?fully1 & tuft 8 =e/ delicately1 & !n we w all[ him 8 freaks ( light & %ade1 & ?ank him = !m2 b we w n be put (f ) ! play be=e ! lesson--) ! adjunct in/ead ( ! ess5ce--) ! illu/ration in/ead ( ! fact4 ,sec4 #aj4 ,bread? is n vacancy4 ,i am some:at anticipat+ my subject "h1 because ,i c sc>cely help answ]+ ! objections :i* ,i "k mu/ arise 9 ! m9ds ( mo/ read]s1 especially ( ^? :o are p>tially arti/ical1 respect+ g5]alization1 bread?1 effect1 etc4 ,x 7 to be wi%$ t our writ]s on art w\ld n dwell s frequ5tly on ! necessity ( bread?1 )\t expla9+ :at x means2 & t we _h m con/ant ref]5ce made to ! pr9ciple :i* ,i c only rememb] hav+ se5 once cle>ly expla9$ & insi/$ on1--t bread? is n vacancy4 ,g5]alization is unity1 n de/ruction ( p>ts2 & composition is n annihilation1 b arrangem5t ( mat]ials4 ,! bread? :i* unites ! tru?s ( nature ) h] h>monies1 is m]itori\s & beautiful2 b ! bread? :i* annihilates ^? tru?s by ! million1 is n pa9t+ nature1 b pa9t+ ov] h]4 ,& s ! masses :i* result f "r concords & relations ( details1 are sublime & impressive2 b ! masses :i* result f ! eclipse ( details are contemptible & pa9ful4#bg ,& we %all %[1 9 foll[+ p>ts ( ! "w1 t di/ances l ^? ( ,p\ss9 are m]e mean+less tricks ( clev] execution1 :i*1 :5 once discov]$1 ! arti/ may repeat ov] & ov] aga91 ) me*anical cont5tm5t & p]fect satisfaction1 bo? to himself & to 8 sup]ficial admir]s1 ) no m ex]tion ( intellect nor awak5+ ( feel+ ?an any tradesman has 9 multiply+ "s ornam5tal patt]n ( furniture4 ,be ?is z x may1 h[ev]1 7= we _c ent] ^u ! discussion ( ! "q "h17 ! falsity & imp]fection ( su* di/ances admit ( no dispute4 ,beautiful & ideal !y may be2 true !y are n3 & 9 ! same way we might g ?r\gh e "p & portion ( ! works ( ! old ma/]s1 %[+ ?r\gh\t1 ei!r t y h e leaf & blade ( grass />+ defiance to ! my/]y ( nature1 or t y h dead spaces ( absolute vacuity1 equally det]m9$ 9 _! d5ial ( h] fulness4 ,& ev5 if we ev] f9d 7z "h & !re1 9 _! bett] pictures1 we d7 *angeful passages ( agreeable play+ color1 or mell[ & transp>5t modulations ( my/]i\s atmosph]e1 ev5 "h ! t\*es1 ?\gh satisfactory to ! eye1 are sugge/ive ( no?+1--!y are *>act]less1--!y h none ( ! peculi> expressiv5ess & mean+ by :i* nature ma9ta9s ! v>iety & int]e/ ev5 ( :at %e mo/ conceals4 ,%e always tells a /ory1 h[ev] h9t$ly & vaguely2 ea* ( h] t\*es is diff]5t f all ! o!rs2 & we feel ) e "o1 t ?\gh we _c tell :at x is1 x _c be any?+2 :ile ev5 ! mo/ dext]\s di/ances ( ! old ma/]s pret5d to secrecy )\t hav+ any?+ to conceal1 & are ambigu\s1 n f ! conc5tration ( mean+1 b f ! want ( x4 ,sec4 #aa4 ,! fulness & my/]y ( ,turn]'s di/ances4 ,& n[1 take up "o ( ,turn]'s di/ances1 x matt]s n :i*1 or ( :at k9d1--draw+ or pa9t+1 small or great1 done ?irty ye>s ago1 or = la/ ye>'s ,academy1 z y l2 say t ( ! ,m]cury & ,argus1 & look if e fact :i* ,i h j be5 po9t+ out 9 nature be n c>ri$ out 9 x4 ,abundant1 beyond ! p[] ( ! eye to embrace or foll[1 va/ & v>i\s1 beyond ! p[] ( ! m9d to compreh5d1 !re is yet n "o atom 9 its :ole ext5t & mass :i* does n sugge/ m ?an x repres5ts2 nor does x sugge/ vaguely1 b 9 su* a mann] z to prove t ! conception ( ea* individual in* ( t di/ance is absolutely cle> & complete 9 ! ma/]'s m9d1 a sep>ate picture fully work$ out3 b yet1 cle>ly & fully z ! idea is =m$1 j s mu* ( x is giv51 & no m1 z nature w\ld h all[$ u to feel or see2 j s mu* z w\ld enable a spectator ( exp]i5ce & k to und]/& almo/ e m9ute fragm5t ( sep>ate detail1 b appe>s1 to ! unpractis$ & c>eless eye1 j :at a di/ance ( nature's own w\ld appe>1 an un9telligible mass4 ,n "o l9e out ( ! millions !re is )\t mean+1 yet !re is n "o :i* is n affect$ & disguis$ by ! dazzle & indecision ( di/ance4 ,no =m is made out1 & yet no =m is unkn[n4 ,sec4 #ab4 ,f>!r illu/rations 9 ar*itectural draw+4 ,p]haps ! tru? ( ?is sy/em ( draw+ is bett] to be und]/ood by obs]v+ ! di/ant "* ( ri* ar*itecture1 ?an ( any o!r object4 ,g to ! top ( ,highgate ,hill on a cle> summ] morn+ at five o'clock1 & look at ,we/m9/] ,abbey4 ,y w receive an impression ( a build+ enri*$ ) multitud9\s v]tical l9es4 ,try to di/+ui% "o ( ^? l9es all ! way d[n f ! "o next to x3 ,y _c4 ,try to c\nt !m3 ,y _c4 ,try to make out ! beg9n+ or end ( any "o ( !m3 ,y _c4 ,look at x g5]ally1 & x is all symmetry & arrangem5t4 ,look at 9 its p>ts1 & x is all inextricable confusion4 ,am n ,i1 at ?is mom5t1 describ+ a piece ( ,turn]'s draw+1 ) ! same words by :i* ,i describe nature8 ,& :at w\ld "o ( ! old ma/]s h done ) su* a build+ z ?is 9 8 di/ance8 ,ei!r he w\ld only h giv5 ! %ad[s ( ! buttresses1 & ! light & d>k sides ( ! two t[]s1 & two dots = ! w9d[s2 or if m ignorant & m ambiti\s1 he _h attempt$ to r5d] "s ( ! detail1 x w\ld h be5 done by di/9ct l9es1--w\ld h be5 broad c>icature ( ! delicate build+1 felt at once to be false1 ridicul\s1 & (f5sive4 ,8 mo/ successful ef=t w\ld only h giv5 u1 ?r\gh 8 c>efully ton$ atmosph]e1 ! effect ( a colossal p>i% *ur*1 )\t "o l9e ( c>v+ on its economic sides4 ,turn]1 & ,turn] only1 w\ld foll[ & r5d] on ! canvas t my/]y ( decid$ l9e1--t di/9ct1 %>p1 visible1 b un9telligible & inextricable ri*ness1 :i*1 exam9$ "p by "p1 is to ! eye no?+ b confusion & defeat1 :i*1 tak5 z a :ole1 is all unity1 symmetry1 & tru?4#bh ,sec4 #ac4 ,9 ne> objects z well z di/ances4 ,sec4 #ad4 ,vacancy & falsehood ( ,canaletto4 ,nor is ?is mode ( repres5tation true only ) respect to di/ances4 ,e object1 h[ev] ne> ! eye1 has some?+ ab\t x :i* y _c see1 & :i* br+s ! my/]y ( di/ance ev5 into e "p & portion ( :at we suppose ourselves to see mo/ di/9ctly4 ,/& 9 ! ,piazza di ,/4 ,m>co at ,v5ice1 z close to ! *ur* z y c1 )\t los+ sight ( ! top ( x4 ,look at ! capitals ( ! columns on ! second /ory4 ,y see t !y are exquisitely ri*1 c>v$ all ov]4 ,tell me _! patt]ns3 ,y _c4 ,tell me ! direction ( a s+le l9e 9 !m3 ,y _c4 ,yet y see a multitude ( l9es1 & y h s mu* feel+ ( a c]ta9 t5d5cy & arrangem5t 9 ^? l9es1 t y are q sure ! capitals are beautiful1 & t !y are all diff]5t f ea* o!r4 ,b ,i defy y to make out "o s+le l9e 9 any "o ( !m4 ,n[ g to ,canaletto's pa9t+ ( ?is *ur*1 9 ! ,palazzo ,manfr9i1 tak5 f ! v spot on :i* y /ood4 ,h[ mu* has he repres5t$ ( all ?is8 ,a black dot "u ea* capital = ! %ad[1 & a yell[ "o above x = ! light4 ,!re is n a ve/ige nor indication ( c>v+ or decoration ( any sort or k9d4 ,v diff]5t f ?is1 b err+ on ! o!r side1 is ! ord9>y draw+ ( ! ar*itect1 :o gives ! pr9cipal l9es ( ! design ) delicate cle>ness & precision1 b ) no unc]ta9ty or my/]y ab\t !m2 :i* my/]y be+ remov$1 all space & size are de/roy$ ) x1 & we h a draw+ ( a model1 n ( a build+4 ,b 9 ! capital ly+ on ! =egr\nd 9 ,turn]'s ,daphne hunt+ ) ,leucippus1 we h ! p]fect tru?4 ,n "o jag ( ! acan?us leaves is absolutely visible1 ! l9es are all disord]1 b y feel 9 an in/ant t all are !re4 ,& s x w inv>iably be f\nd ?r\gh e portion ( detail 9 8 late & mo/ p]fect works4 ,sec4 #ae4 ,/ill great] fulness & f9i% 9 l&scape =egr\nds4 ,b if !re be ?is my/]y & inexhau/ible f9i% m]ely 9 ! m delicate in/ances ( ar*itectural decoration1 h[ mu* m 9 ! ceaseless & incomp>able decoration ( nature4 ,! detail ( a s+le we$y bank laughs ! c>v+ ( ages to scorn4 ,e leaf & /alk has a design & trac]y ^u x1--e knot ( grass an intricacy ( %ade :i* ! labor ( ye>s c\ld nev] imitate1 & :i*1 if su* labor c\ld foll[ x out ev5 to ! la/ fibres ( ! leaflets1 w\ld yet be falsely repres5t$1 =1 z 9 all o!r cases br\ght =w>d1 x is n cle>ly se51 b confus$ly & my/]i\sly4 ,t :i* is ne>ness = ! bank1 is di/ance = its details2 & h[ev] ne> x may be1 ! great] "p ( ^? details are /ill a beautiful incompreh5sibility4#bi ,sec4 #af4 ,space & size are de/roy$ alike by di/9ctness & by vacancy4 ,h5ce1 ?r\gh\t ! picture1 ! expression ( space & size is dep5d5t ^u obscurity1 unit$ )1 or r resultant f1 exce$+ fulness4 ,we de/roy bo? space & size1 ei!r by ! vacancy1 :i* af=ds u no measure ( space1 or by ! di/9ctness1 :i* gives u a false "o4 ,! di/ance ( ,p\ss91 hav+ no indication ( trees1 nor ( mead[s1 nor ( "* ( any k9d1 may be fifty miles (f1 or may be five2 we _c tell--we h no measure1 & 9 consequ5ce1 no vivid impression4 ,b a middle di/ance ( ,hobbima's involves a contradiction 9 t]ms2 x /ates a di/ance by p]spective1 :i* x contradicts by di/9ctness ( detail4 ,sec4 #ag4 ,swift execution be/ secures p]fection ( details4 ,sec4 #ah4 ,f9i% is f> m necess>y 9 l&scape ?an 9 hi/orical subjects4 ,a s+le du/y roll ( ,turn]'s bru% is m truly expressive ( ! inf9ity ( foliage1 ?an ! niggl+ ( ,hobbima c\ld h r5d]$ 8 canvas1 if he _h work$ on x till doomsday4 ,:at ,sir ,j4 ,reynolds says ( ! misplac$ labor ( 8 ,roman acqua9tance on sep>ate leaves ( foliage1 & ! c]ta9ty he expresses t a man :o att5d$ to g5]al "* w\ld 9 five m9utes produce a m fai?ful repres5tation ( a tree1 ?an ! un=tunate me*ani/ 9 z _m ye>s1 is ?us p]fectly true & well f\nd$2 b ?is is n because details are undesirable1 b because !y are be/ giv5 by swift execution1 & because1 individually1 !y _c be giv5 at all4 ,b x %\ld be obs]v$ 7?\gh we %all be bett] able to insi/ ^u ?is po9t 9 future7 t mu* ( h>m & error has aris5 f ! supposition & ass]tions ( swift & brilliant hi/orical pa9t]s1 t ! same pr9ciples ( execution are entirely applicable to l&scape1 :i* are "r = ! figure4 ,! arti/ :o falls into extreme detail 9 draw+ ! human =m1 is apt to become disgu/+ r ?an pleas+4 ,x is m agreeable t ! g5]al outl9e & s(t hues ( fle% %\ld alone be giv51 ?an its hairs1 & ve9s1 & l9es ( int]section4 ,& ev5 ! mo/ rapid & g5]aliz+ expression ( ! human body1 if direct$ by p]fect k1 & rigidly fai?ful 9 draw+1 w commonly omit v little ( :at is agreeable or impressive4 ,b ! exclusively g5]aliz+ l&scape pa9t] omits ! :ole ( :at is valuable 9 8 subject1--omits ?\ghts1 designs1 & beauties by ! million1 ev]y?+1 inde$1 :i* c furni% him ) v>iety or expression4 ,a di/ance 9 ,l9coln%ire1 or 9 ,lomb>dy1 might bo? be g5]aliz$ into su* blue & yell[ /ripes z we see 9 ,p\ss92 b :atev] !re is ( beauty or "* 9 ei!r1 dep5ds altoge!r on our und]/&+ ! details1 & feel+ ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! morasses & dit*es ( ! "o1 & ! roll+ sea ( mulb]ry trees ( ! o!r4 ,& s 9 e "p ( ! subject4 ,i h no hesitation 9 ass]t+ t x is impossible to g too f9e1 or ?9k too mu* ab\t details 9 l&scape1 s t !y be rightly arrang$ & rightly mass$2 b t x is equally impossible to r5d] any?+ l ! fulness or ! space ( nature1 except by t my/]y & obscurity ( execution :i* %e h]self uses1 & 9 :i* ,turn] only has foll[$ h]4 ,sec4 #ai4 ,recapitulation ( ! section4 ,we h n[ rapidly glanc$ at su* g5]al tru?s ( nature z c be inve/igat$ )\t mu* k ( :at is beautiful4 ,que/ions ( arrangem5t1 mass+1 & g5]alization1 ,i pref] leav+ unt\*$1 until we "k some?+ ab\t details1 & some?+ ab\t :at is beautiful4 ,all t is desirable1 ev5 9 ^! m]e te*nical & artificial po9ts1 is bas$ ^u tru?s & habits ( nature2 b we _c und]/& ^? tru?s until we are acqua9t$ ) ! specific =ms & m9or details :i* !y affect1 or out ( :i* !y arise4 ,i %all1 !re=e1 proce$ to exam9e ! invaluable & ess5tial tru?s ( specific "* & =m--briefly & imp]fectly1 inde$1 z ne$s mu/ be1 b yet at l5g? suffici5t to enable ! read] to pursue1 if he w1 ! subject = himself4 ,,footnotes #bg ,( c\rse mu* dep5ds ^u ! k9d ( detail s lo/4 ,an arti/ may g5]alize ! trunk ( a tree1 :]e he only loses l9es ( b>k1 & d u a k9dness2 b he mu/ n g5]alize ! details ( a *ampaign1 9 :i* !re is a hi/ory ( creation4 ,! full discussion ( ! subject belongs to a future "p ( our inve/igation4 #bh ,vide1 = illu/ration1 ,fonta9ebleau1 9 ! ,illu/rations to ,scott2 ,vignette at op5+ ( ,human ,life1 9 ,rog]s's ,poems2 ,v5ice1 9 ! ,italy2 ,*ateau de ,blois2 ! ,r\51 & ,pont ,neuf1 ,p>is1 9 ! ,riv]s ( ,france4 ,! di/ances ( all ! ,academy pictures ( ,v5ice1 especially ! ,%ylock1 are mo/ in/ructive4 #bi ,x is to be rememb]$1 h[ev]1 t ^! tru?s pres5t !mselves 9 all probability "u v diff]5t phases to individuals ( diff]5t p[]s ( vision4 ,_m arti/s :o appe> to g5]alize rudely or ra%ly are p]haps fai?fully endeavor+ to r5d] ! appe>ance :i* nature be>s to sight ( limit$ range4 ,o!rs may be l$ by _! s+ul> ke5ness ( sight into inexp$i5t detail4 ,works :i* are pa9t$ = effect at a c]ta9 di/ance mu/ be always se5 at disadvantage by ^? ^: sight is ( diff]5t range f ! pa9t]'s4 ,ano!r circum/ance to :i* ,i ought above to h allud$ is ! scale ( ! picture2 = !re are diff]5t degrees ( g5]alization1 & diff]5t necessities ( symbolism1 belong+ to e scale3 ! /ipple ( ! m9iature pa9t] w\ld be (f5sive on features ( ! life size1 & ! leaves ) ,t9toret may articulate on a canvas ( sixty feet by tw5ty-five1 mu/ be g5]aliz$ by ,turn] on "o ( f\r by ?ree4 ,ano!r circum/ance ( "s importance is ! assum$ di/ance ( ! =egr\nd2 _m l&scape pa9t]s seem to ?9k _! ne>e/ =egr\nd is always equally ne>1 :]eas its di/ance f ! spectator v>ies n a little1 be+ always at lea/ its own calculable bread? f side to side z e/imat$ by figures or any o!r object ( kn[n size at ! ne>e/ "p ( x4 ,) ,claude almo/ always2 ) ,turn] (t51 z 9 ! ,daphne & ,leucippus1 ?is bread? is =ty or fifty y>ds2 & z ! ne>e/ =egr\nd object mu/ !n be at lea/ t di/ance remov$1 & may be mu* m1 x is evid5t t no completion ( close detail is 9 su* cases all[able1 7see "h ano!r pro( ( ,claude's errone\s practice27 ) ,titian & ,t9toret1 on ! contr>y1 ! =egr\nd is r>ely m ?an five or six y>ds broad1 & its objects !re=e be+ only five or six y>ds di/ant are entirely detail$4 ,none ( ^! circum/ances1 h[ev]1 9 any wise affect ! great pr9ciple1 ! confusion ( detail tak+ place soon] or lat] 9 all cases4 ,i ought to h not$1 h[ev]1 t _m ( ! pictures ( ,turn] 9 :i* ! confus$ draw+ has be5 lea/ und]/ood1 h be5 lum9\s twilights2 & t ! unc]ta9ty ( twilight is !re=e add$ to t ( g5]al di/ance4 ,9 ! ev5+s ( ! s\? x n unfrequ5tly happ5s t objects t\*$ ) ! reflect$ light ( ! we/]n sky1 cont9ue ev5 = ! space ( half an h\r aft] sunset1 gl[+1 ruddy1 & int5se 9 color1 & almo/ z bright z if !y 7 /ill b5ea? actual sun%9e1 ev5 till ! moon beg9s to ca/ a %ad[3 b 9 spite ( ?is brilliancy ( color all ! details become gho/ly & ill-def9$4 ,?is is a favorite mom5t ( ,turn]'s1 & he inv>iably *>act]izes x1 n by gloom1 b by unc]ta9ty ( detail4 ,i h nev] se5 ! effect ( cle> twilight ?or\ghly r5d]$ by art2 t effect 9 :i* all details are lo/1 :ile int5se cle>ness & light are /ill felt 9 ! atmosph]e1 9 :i* no?+ is di/9ctly se51 & yet x is n d>kness1 f> less mi/1 t is ! cause ( concealm5t4 ,turn]'s ef=ts at r5d]+ ?is effect 7z ! ,wild]ness ( ,eng$i1 ,assos1 ,*ateau de ,blois1 ,ca]lav]ock1 & o!rs innum]able17 h always "s slight appe>ance ( mi/9ess1 ow+ to ! indi/9ctness ( details2 b x rema9s to be %[n t any clos] approximation to ! effect is possible4 ,,section ,,iii4 ,,( ,,tru? ,,( ,,skies4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,( ,,! ,,op5 ,,sky4 ,sec4 #a4 ,! peculi> adaptation ( ! sky to ! pleas+ & tea*+ ( man4 ,sec4 #b4 ,! c>elessness ) :i* its lessons are receiv$4 ,sec4 #c4 ,! mo/ ess5tial ( ^! lessons are ! g5tle/4 ,sec4 #d4 ,_m ( our ideas ( sky altoge!r conv5tional4 ,x is a /range ?+ h[ little 9 g5]al p "k ab\t ! sky4 ,x is ! "p ( creation 9 :i* nature has done m = ! sake ( pleas+ man1 m = ! sole & evid5t purpose ( talk+ to him & tea*+ him1 ?an 9 any o!r ( h] works1 & x is j ! "p 9 :i* we lea/ att5d to h]4 ,!re are n _m ( h] o!r works 9 :i* "s m mat]ial or ess5tial purpose ?an ! m]e pleas+ ( man is n answ]$ by e "p ( _! organization2 b e ess5tial purpose ( ! sky might1 s f> z we "k1 be answ]$1 if once 9 ?ree days1 or !reab\ts1 a great ugly black ra9 cl\d 7 br\ght up ov] ! blue1 & ev]y?+ well wat]$1 & s all left blue aga9 till next "t1 ) p]haps a film ( morn+ & ev5+ mi/ = dew4 ,& in/ead ( ?is1 !re is n a mom5t ( any day ( our lives1 :5 nature is n produc+ sc5e aft] sc5e1 picture aft] picture1 glory aft] glory1 & work+ /ill ^u su* exquisite & con/ant pr9ciples ( ! mo/ p]fect beauty1 t x is q c]ta9 x is all done = u1 & int5d$ = our p]petual pleasure4 ,& e man1 :]ev] plac$1 h[ev] f> f o!r s\rces ( int]e/ or ( beauty1 has ?is do+ = him con/antly4 ,! noble/ sc5es ( ! e>? c be se5 & kn[n b by few2 x is n int5d$ t man %\ld live always 9 ! mid/ ( !m1 he injures !m by 8 pres5ce1 he ceases to feel !m if he be always ) !m2 b ! sky is = all2 bright z x is1 x is n too bright1 nor good1 = human nature's daily food2 x is fitt$ 9 all its functions = ! p]petual com=t & exalt+ ( ! he>t1 = ! soo?+ x & purify+ x f its dross & du/4 ,sometimes g5tle1 sometimes caprici\s1 sometimes awful1 nev] ! same = two mom5ts toge!r2 almo/ human 9 its passions1 almo/ spiritual 9 its t5d]ness1 almo/ div9e 9 its inf9ity1 its appeal to :at is immortal 9 u1 is z di/9ct1 z its m9i/ry ( *a/isem5t or ( bless+ to :at is mortal is ess5tial4 ,& yet we nev] att5d to x1 we nev] make x a subject ( ?\ght1 b z x has to d ) our animal s5sations2 we look ^u all by :i* x speaks to u m cle>ly ?an to brutes1 ^u all :i* be>s witness to ! int5tion ( ! ,supreme1 t we are to receive m f ! cov]+ vault ?an ! light & ! dew :i* we %>e ) ! we$ & ! worm1 only z a succession ( mean+less & monoton\s accid5t1 too common & too va9 to be wor?y ( a mom5t ( wat*fulness1 or a glance ( admiration4 ,if 9 our mom5ts ( utt] idl5ess & insipidity1 we turn to ! sky z a la/ res\rce1 :i* ( its ph5om5a d we speak (8 ,"o says x has be5 wet1 & ano!r x has be5 w9dy1 & ano!r x has be5 w>m4 ,:o1 among ! :ole *att]+ cr[d1 c tell me ( ! =ms & ! precipices ( ! *a9 ( tall :ite m\nta9s t gird$ ! horizon at noon ye/]day8 ,:o saw ! n>r[ sunbeam t came out ( ! s\?1 & smote ^u _! summits until !y melt$ & m\ld]$ away 9 a du/ ( blue ra98 ,:o saw ! dance ( ! dead cl\ds :5 ! sunlight left !m la/ night1 & ! we/ w9d blew !m be=e x l )]$ leaves8 ,all has pass$1 unregrett$ z unse52 or if ! apa?y be ev] %ak5 (f1 ev5 = an in/ant1 x is only by :at is gross1 or :at is extraord9>y2 & yet x is n 9 ! broad & fi]ce manife/ations ( ! elem5tal en]gies1 n 9 ! cla% ( ! hail1 nor ! drift ( ! :irlw9d1 t ! highe/ *>act]s ( ! sublime are develop$4 ,god is n 9 ! e>?quake1 nor 9 ! fire1 b 9 ! /ill small voice4 ,!y are b ! blunt & ! l[ faculties ( our nature1 :i* c only be address$ ?r\gh lampblack & lightn+4 ,x is 9 quiet & subdu$ passages ( unobtrusive maje/y1 ! deep1 & ! calm1 & ! p]petual1--t :i* mu/ be s\ght ere x is se51 & lov$ ere x is und]/ood1--?+s :i* ! angels "w out = u daily1 & yet v>y et]nally1 :i* are nev] want+1 & nev] repeat$1 :i* are to be f\nd always yet ea* f\nd b once2 x is ?r\gh ^! t ! lesson ( devotion is *iefly taught1 & ! bless+ ( beauty giv54 ,^! are :at ! arti/ ( highe/ aim mu/ /udy2 x is ^!1 by ! comb9ation ( :i* 8 ideal is to be creat$2 ^!1 ( :i* s little notice is ord9>ily tak5 by common obs]v]s1 t ,i fully believe1 little z p 9 g5]al are conc]n$ ) art1 m ( _! ideas ( sky are d]iv$ f pictures ?an f reality1 & t if we c\ld exam9e ! conception =m$ 9 ! m9ds ( mo/ educat$ p]sons :5 we talk ( cl\ds1 x w\ld frequ5tly be f\nd compos$ ( fragm5ts ( blue & :ite rem9isc5ces ( ! old ma/]s4 ,i %all ent] ^u ! exam9ation ( :at is true 9 sky at great] l5g?1 because x is ! only "p ( a picture ( :i* all1 if !y w1 may be compet5t judges4 ,:at ,i may h to ass]t respect+ ! rocks ( ,salvator1 or ! b\ghs ( ,claude1 ,i c sc>cely prove1 except to ^? :om ,i c immure = a mon? or two 9 ! fa/nesses ( ! ,ap5n9es1 or guide 9 _! summ] walks aga9 & aga9 ?r\gh ! rav9es ( ,sorr5to4 ,b :at ,i say ( ! sky c be br\ght to an imm$iate te/ by all1 & ,i write ! m decisively1 9 ! hope t x may be s4 ,sec4 #e4 ,nature & ess5tial qualities ( ! op5 blue4 ,sec4 #f4 ,its connection ) cl\ds4 ,sec4 #g4 ,its exce$+ dep?4 ,sec4 #h4 ,^! qualities are especially giv5 by mod]n ma/]s4 ,sec4 #i4 ,& by ,claude4 ,sec4 #aj4 ,total abs5ce ( !m 9 ,p\ss94 ,physical errors 9 8 g5]al treatm5t ( op5 sky4 ,sec4 #aa4 ,errors ( ,cuyp 9 graduation ( color4 ,let u beg9 !n ) ! simple op5 blue ( ! sky4 ,?is is ( c\rse ! color ( ! pure atmosph]ic air1 n ! aque\s vapor1 b ! pure azote & oxyg51 & x is ! total color ( ! :ole mass ( t air betwe5 u & ! void ( space4 ,x is modifi$ by ! v>y+ quantity ( aque\s vapor susp5d$ 9 x1 ^: color1 9 its mo/ imp]fect1 & !re=e mo/ visible1 /ate ( solution1 is pure :ite1 7z 9 /eam17 :i* receives1 l any o!r :ite1 ! w>m hues ( ! rays ( ! sun1 &1 accord+ to its quantity & imp]fect solution1 makes ! sky pal]1 & at ! same "t m or less gray1 by mix+ w>m tones ) its blue4 ,?is gray aque\s vapor1 :5 v decid$1 becomes mi/1 & :5 local1 cl\d4 ,h5ce ! sky is to be consid]$ z a transp>5t blue liquid1 9 :i*1 at v>i\s elevations1 cl\ds are susp5d$1 ^? cl\ds be+ !mselves only p>ticul> visible spaces ( a sub/ance ) :i* ! :ole mass ( ?is liquid is m or less impregnat$4 ,n[1 we all "k ?is p]fectly well1 & yet we s f> =get x 9 practice1 t we little notice ! con/ant connection kept up by nature betwe5 h] blue & h] cl\ds1 & we are n (f5d$ by ! con/ant habit ( ! old ma/]s1 ( consid]+ ! blue sky z totally di/9ct 9 its nature1 & f> sep>at$ f ! vapors :i* float 9 x4 ,) !m1 cl\d is cl\d1 & blue is blue1 & no k9d ( connection betwe5 !m is ev] h9t$ at4 ,! sky is ?\ght ( z a cle>1 high mat]ial dome1 ! cl\ds z sep>ate bodies1 susp5d$ b5ea? x1 & 9 consequ5ce1 h[ev] delicate & exquisitely remov$ 9 tone _! skies may be1 y always look at !m1 n ?r\gh !m4 ,n[1 if !re be "o *>act]i/ic ( ! sky m valuable or necess>y to be r5d]$ ?an ano!r1 x is t :i* ,wordswor? has giv5 9 ! second book ( ! ,excursion3-- ,! *asm ( sky above my head ,is ,heav5's pr(\nde/ azure4 ,no doma9 ,= fickle1 %ort-liv$ cl\ds1 to occupy1 ,or to pass ?r\gh2--b r an abyss ,9 :i* ! ev]la/+ />s abide1 ,& ^: s(t gloom1 & b\ndless dep?1 might tempt ,! curi\s eye to look = !m by day4 ,&1 9 8 ,am]ican ,notes1 ,i rememb] ,dick5s notices ! same tru?1 describ+ himself z ly+ dr[sily on ! b>ge deck1 look+ n at1 b ?r\gh ! sky4 ,& if y look int5sely at ! pure blue ( a s]5e sky1 y w see t !re is a v>iety & fulness 9 its v repose4 ,x is n flat dead color1 b a deep1 quiv]+1 transp>5t body ( p5etrable air1 9 :i* y trace or imag9e %ort1 fall+ spots ( deceiv+ light1 & dim %ades1 fa9t1 veil$ ve/iges ( d>k vapor2 & x is ?is trembl+ transp>5cy :i* our great mod]n ma/] has especially aim$ at & giv54 ,8 blue is nev] laid on 9 smoo? coats1 b 9 break+1 m+l+1 melt+ hues1 a qu>t] ( an in* ( :i*1 cut (f f all ! re/ ( ! picture1 is /ill spaci\s1 /ill inf9ite & immeasurable 9 dep?4 ,x is a pa9t+ ( ! air1 some?+ into :i* y c see1 ?r\gh ! p>ts :i* are ne> y into ^? :i* are f> (f2 some?+ :i* has no surface1 & ?r\gh :i* we c plunge f> & f>!r1 & )\t /ay or end1 into ! pr(undity ( space2--:]eas1 ) all ! old l&scape pa9t]s1 except ,claude1 y may inde$ g a long way be=e y come to ! sky1 b y w /rike h>d aga9/ x at la/4 ,a p]fectly g5u9e & unt\*$ sky ( ,claude is inde$ mo/ p]fect1 & beyond praise1 9 all qualities ( air2 ?\gh ev5 ) him1 ,i (t5 feel r t !re is a great deal ( pleasant air betwe5 me & ! firmam5t1 ?an t ! firmam5t itself is only air4 ,i d n mean1 h[ev]1 to say a ^w aga9/ su* skies z t ( ! ,en*ant$ ,ca/le1 or t m>k$ #cj 9 ! ,national ,gall]y1 or "o or two :i* ,i rememb] at ,rome2 b h[ little & by h[ few ^! f9e passages ( ,claude are appreciat$1 is suffici5tly prov$ by ! suff]ance ( su* villa9\s & unpalliat$ copies z we meet ) all ov] ,europe1 l ! ,m>riage ( ,isaac1 9 our own ,gall]y1 to rema9 "u 8 "n4 ,9 fact1 ,i d n rememb] above t5 pictures ( ,claude's1 9 :i* ! skies1 :e!r repa9t$ or altoge!r copies1 or p]haps f ,claude's h&1 b c>elessly laid 91 l t m>k$ #bda1 ,dulwi* ,gall]y1 7 n fully z feel+less & false z ^? ( o!r ma/]s2 :ile1 ) ! ,p\ss9s1 !re are no favorable exceptions4 ,_! skies are sy/ematically wrong2 take1 = in/ance1 ! sky ( ! ,sacrifice ( ,isaac4 ,x is "h high noon1 z is %[n by ! %ad[ ( ! figures2 & :at sort ( color is ! sky at ! top ( ! picture8 ,is x pale & gray ) heat1 full ( sun%9e1 & unfa?omable 9 dep?8 ,on ! contr>y1 x is ( a pit* ( d>kness :i*1 except on ! ,mont ,blanc or ,*imborazo1 is z purely impossible z color c be4 ,he might z well h pa9t$ x coal black2 & x is laid on ) a dead coat ( flat pa9t1 hav+ no "o quality or resemblance ( sky ab\t x4 ,x _c h alt]$1 because ! l& horizon is z delicate & t5d] 9 tone z possible1 & is evid5tly un*ang$2 & to complete ! absurdity ( ! :ole ?+1 ?is color holds its own1 )\t graduation or alt]ation1 to )9 ?ree or f\r degrees ( ! horizon1 :]e x sudd5ly becomes bold & unmix$ yell[4 ,n[ ! horizon at noon may be yell[ :5 ! :ole sky is cov]$ ) d>k cl\ds1 & only "o op5 /reak ( light left 9 ! di/ance f :i* ! :ole light proce$s2 b ) a cle>1 op5 sky1 & opposite ! sun1 at noon1 su* a yell[ horizon z ?is is physically impossible4 ,ev5 suppos+ t ! upp] "p ( ! sky 7 pale & w>m1 & t ! transition f ! "o hue to ! o!r 7 effect$ imp]ceptibly & gradually1 z is inv>iably ! case 9 reality1 in/ead ( tak+ place )9 a space ( two or ?ree degrees2--ev5 !n1 ?is gold yell[ w\ld be altoge!r absurd2 b z x is1 we h 9 ?is sky 7& x is a f9e picture--"o ( ! be/ ( ,gasp>'s t ,i "k17 a notable example ( ! tru? ( ! old ma/]s--two impossible colors impossibly unit$6 ,f9d su* a color 9 ,turn]'s noonday z5i? z ! blue at ! top1 or su* a color at a noonday horizon z ! yell[ at ! bottom1 or su* a connection ( any colors :atsoev] z t 9 ! c5tre1 & !n y may talk ab\t 8 be+ false to nature if y w4 ,nor is ?is a solit>y in/ance2 x is ,gasp> ,p\ss9's favorite & *>act]i/ic effect4 ,i rememb] tw5ty su*1 mo/ ( !m worse ?an ?is1 9 ! d[nright surface & opacity ( blue4 ,aga91 look at ! l>ge ,cuyp 9 ! ,dulwi* ,gall]y1 :i* ,mr4 ,hazlitt consid]s ! f9e/ 9 ! _w1 & ( :i* he v complim5t>ily says1 ,! t5d] gre5 ( ! valleys1 ! gleam+ lake1 ! purple light ( ! hills1 h an effect l ! d[n on an unripe nect>9e6 ,i ought to h apologiz$ be=e n[1 = n hav+ /udi$ suffici5tly 9 ,cov5t ,g>d5 to be provid$ ) t]ms ( correct & classical criticism4 ,"o ( my fri5ds begg$ me to obs]ve1 ! o!r day1 t ,claude 0 pulpy2 ano!r add$ ! yet m gratify+ in=mation t he 0 juicy2 & x is n[ happily discov]$ t ,cuyp is d[ny4 ,n[ ,i d>e say t ! sky ( ?is fir/-rate ,cuyp is v l an unripe nect>9e3 all t ,i h to say ab\t x is1 t x is exce$+ly unlike a sky4 ,! blue rema9s un*ang$ & ungraduat$ ov] ?ree-f\r?s ( x1 d[n to ! horizon2 :ile ! sun1 9 ! left-h& corn]1 is surr\nd$ ) a halo1 fir/ ( yell[1 & !n ( crude p9k1 bo? be+ sep>at$ f ea* o!r1 & ! la/ f ! blue1 z %>ply z ! belts ( a ra9b[1 & bo? toge!r n asc5d+ t5 degrees 9 ! sky4 ,n[ x is difficult to conceive h[ any man call+ himself a pa9t] c\ld impose su* a ?+ on ! public1 & /ill m h[ ! public c receive x1 z a repres5tation ( t sunset purple :i* inv>iably ext5ds its influ5ce to ! z5i?1 s t !re is no pure blue any:]e1 b a purple increas+ 9 purity gradually d[n to its po9t ( greate/ int5sity1 7ab\t =ty-five degrees f ! horizon17 & !n melt+ imp]ceptibly into ! gold1 ! ?ree colors ext5d+ _! influ5ce ov] ! :ole sky2 s t ?r\gh\t ! :ole sweep ( ! heav51 !re is no "o spot :]e ! color is n 9 an equal /ate ( transition--pass+ f gold into orange1 f t into rose1 f t into purple1 f t into blue1 ) absolute equality ( *ange1 s t 9 no place c x be said1 "h x *anges1 & 9 no place1 "h x is un*ang+4 ,?is is inv>iably ! case4 ,!re is no su* ?+--!re nev] 01 & nev] w be su* a ?+1 :ile ,god's heav5 rema9s z x is made--z a s]5e1 sunset sky1 ) its purple & rose 9 belts ab\t ! sun4 ,sec4 #ab4 ,! exce$+ value ( ! skies ( ! e>ly ,italian & ,dut* s*ools4 ,_! qualities are unatta9able 9 mod]n times4 ,su* bold1 broad examples ( ignorance z ^! w\ld soon set aside all ! claims ( ! pr(ess$ l&scape pa9t]s to tru?1 ) :atev] delicacy ( color or manipulation !y may be disguis$4 ,b !re are "s skies1 ( ! ,dut* s*ool1 9 :i* cle>ness & coolness h be5 aim$ at1 in/ead ( dep?2 & "s introduc$ m]ely z backgr\nds to ! hi/orical subjects ( ! old] ,italians1 :i* !re is no mat*+ 9 mod]n times2 "o w\ld ?9k angels _h pa9t$ !m1 = all is n[ clay & oil 9 comp>ison4 ,x seems z if we _h totally lo/ ! art1 = surely o!rwise1 h[ev] little our pa9t]s might aim at x or feel x1 !y w\ld t\* ! *ord sometimes by accid5t2 b !y nev] d1 & ! me*anical incapacity is /ill m /rongly evid5c$ by ! muddy /ruggles ( ! unhappy ,g]mans1 :o h ! feel+1 p>tially /ra9$1 artificial1 & diseas$1 inde$1 b /ill g5u9e en\gh to br+ out ! tone1 if !y _h ! me*anical means & te*nical k4 ,b1 h[ev] !y 7 obta9$1 ! cle> tones ( ?is k9d ( ! old] ,italians are glori\s & enviable 9 ! highe/ degree2 & we %all %[1 :5 we come to speak ( ! beautiful1 t !y are "o ( ! mo/ j gr\nds ( ! fame ( ! old ma/]s4 ,sec4 #ac4 ,ph5om5a ( visible sunbeams4 ,_! nature & cause4 ,b !re is a s]ies ( ph5om5a connect$ ) ! op5 blue ( ! sky1 :i* we mu/ take especial notice (1 z x is ( con/ant occurr5ce 9 ! works ( ,turn] & ,claude1 ! effects1 namely1 ( visible sunbeams4 ,x w be necess>y = u ?or\ghly to und]/& ! circum/ances "u :i* su* effects take place4 ,aque\s vapor or mi/1 susp5d$ 9 ! atmosph]e1 becomes visible exactly z du/ does 9 ! air ( a room4 ,9 ! %ad[s y n only _c see ! du/ itself1 because unillum9$1 b y c see o!r objects ?r\gh ! du/ )\t obscurity1 ! air be+ ?us actually r5d]$ m transp>5t by a deprivation ( light4 ,:]e a sunbeam ent]s1 e p>ticle ( du/ becomes visible1 & a palpable int]ruption to ! sight1 s t a transv]se sunbeam is a real ob/acle to ! vision1 y _c see ?+s cle>ly ?r\gh x4 ,9 ! same way1 :]ev] vapor is illum9at$ by transv]se rays1 !re x becomes visible z a :it5ess m or less affect+ ! purity ( ! blue1 & de/roy+ x exactly 9 proportion to ! degree ( illum9ation4 ,b :]e vapor is 9 %ade1 x has v little effect on ! sky1 p]haps mak+ x a little deep] & gray] ?an x o!rwise w\ld be1 b n itself1 unless v d5se1 di/+ui%able or felt z mi/4 ,sec4 #ad4 ,!y are only illum9at$ mi/1 & _c appe> :5 ! sky is free f vapor1 nor :5 x is )\t cl\ds4 ,! appe>ance ( mi/ or :it5ess 9 ! blue ( ! sky1 is ?us a circum/ance :i* m or less accompanies sun%9e1 & :i*1 suppos+ ! quantity ( vapor con/ant1 is greate/ 9 ! brighte/ sunlight4 ,:5 !re are no cl\ds 9 ! sky1 ! :it5ess1 z x affects ! :ole sky equally1 is n p>ticul>ly noticeable4 ,b :5 !re are cl\ds betwe5 u & ! sun1 ! sun be+ l[1 ^? cl\ds ca/ %ad[s along & ?r\gh ! mass ( susp5d$ vapor4 ,)9 ! space ( ^! %ad[s1 ! vapor1 z above /at$1 becomes transp>5t & invisible1 & ! sky appe>s ( a pure blue4 ,b :]e ! sunbeams /rike1 ! vapor becomes visible 9 ! =m ( ! beams1 occasion+ ^? radiat+ %afts ( light :i* are "o ( ! mo/ valuable & con/ant accompanim5ts ( a l[ sun4 ,! d5s] ! mi/1 ! m di/9ct & %>p-edg$ w ^! rays be2 :5 ! air is v cle>1 !y are m]e vague1 flu%+1 gradat$ passages ( light2 :5 x is v ?ick1 !y are ke5-edg$ & decisive 9 a high degree4 ,we see !n1 fir/1 t a quantity ( mi/ disp]s$ ?r\gh ! :ole space ( ! sky1 is necess>y to ?is ph5om5on2 & secondly1 t :at we usually ?9k ( z beams ( great] brightness ?an ! re/ ( ! sky1 are 9 reality only a "p ( t sky 9 its natural /ate ( illum9ation1 cut (f & r5d]$ brilliant by ! %ad[s f ! cl\ds1--t ^! %ad[s are 9 reality ! s\rce ( ! appe>ance ( beams1--t1 !re=e1 no "p ( ! sky c pres5t su* an appe>ance1 except :5 !re are brok5 cl\ds betwe5 x & ! sun2 & la/ly1 t ! %ad[s ca/ f su* cl\ds are n necess>ily gray or d>k1 b v ne>ly ( ! natural pure blue ( a sky de/itute ( vapor4 ,sec4 #ae4 ,errone\s t5d5cy 9 ! repres5tation ( su* ph5om5a by ! old ma/]s4 ,sec4 #af4 ,! ray :i* appe>s 9 ! dazzl$ eye %\ld n be repres5t$4 ,sec4 #ag4 ,! practice ( ,turn]4 ,8 ke5 p]ception ( ! m delicate ph5om5a ( rays4 ,sec4 #ah4 ,! total abs5ce ( any evid5ce ( su* p]ception 9 ! works ( ! old ma/]s4 ,n[1 z x has be5 prov$ t ! appe>ance ( beams c only take place 9 a "p ( ! sky :i* has cl\ds betwe5 x & ! sun1 x is evid5t t no appe>ance ( beams c ev] beg9 f ! orb itself1 except :5 !re is a cl\d or solid body ( "s k9d betwe5 u & x2 b t su* appe>ances w almo/ inv>iably beg9 on ! d>k side ( "s ( ! cl\ds ar\nd x1 ! orb itself rema9+ ! c5tre ( a broad blaze ( unit$ light4 ,wordswor? has giv5 u 9 two l9es1 ! only circum/ances "u :i* rays c ev] appe> to h orig9 9 ! orb itself3-- ,b rays ( light1 ,n[ sudd5ly div]g+ f ! orb1 ,retir$ beh9d ! m\nta9 tops1 or veil$ ,by ! d5se air1 %ot upw>ds4 ,,excursion1 ,book ,,ix4 ,& ,turn] has giv5 u ! effect magnific5tly 9 ! ,d>tm\? ( ! ,riv] ,sc5]y4 ,x is frequ5t among ! old ma/]s1 & con/ant 9 ,claude2 ?\gh ! latt]1 f draw+ 8 beams too f9e1 repres5ts ! effect ^u ! dazzl$ eye r ?an ! light :i* actually exi/s1 & approximates v closely to ! ideal :i* we see 9 ! sign ( ! ,ris+ ,sun2 nay1 ,i am ne>ly sure t ,i rememb] cases 9 :i* he has giv5 u ! div]g+ beam1 )\t any cl\d or hill int]f]+ ) ! orb4 ,x may1 p]haps1 be some:at difficult to say h[ f> x is all[able to repres5t t k9d ( ray :i* is se5 by ! dazzl$ eye4 ,x is v c]ta9 t we nev] look t[>ds a bright sun )\t see+ glanc+ rays issue f x2 b x is equally c]ta9 t ^? rays are no m real exi/5ces ?an ! r$ & blue circles :i* we see aft] hav+ be5 s dazzl$1 & t if we are to repres5t ! rays we ought also to cov] our sky ) p9k & blue circles4 ,i %\ld on ! :ole consid] x utt]ly false 9 pr9ciple to repres5t ! vision>y beam1 & t we ought only to %[ t :i* has actual exi/5ce4 ,su* we f9d to be ! con/ant practice ( ,turn]4 ,ev5 :]e1 ow+ to int]pos$ cl\ds1 he has beams appe>+ to issue f ! orb itself1 !y are broad bur/s ( light1 n spiky rays2 & 8 m usual practice is to keep all ne> ! sun 9 "o simple blaze ( int5se light1 & f ! fir/ cl\ds to ?r[ beams to ! z5i?1 ?\gh he (t5 does n p]mit any appe>ance ( rays until close to ! z5i? itself4 ,op5 at ! #hj? page ( ! ,illu/rat$ edition ( ,rog]s's poems4 ,y h !re a sky blaz+ ) sunbeams2 b !y all beg9 a long way f ! sun1 & !y are acc\nt$ = by a mass ( d5se cl\ds surr\nd+ ! orb itself4 ,turn to ! #g? page4 ,beh9d ! old oak1 :]e ! sun is suppos$ to be1 y h only a blaze ( undi/+ui%$ light2 b up on ! left1 ov] ! edge ( ! cl\d1 on its d>k side1 ! sunbeam4 ,turn to page #aib1--;blaz+ rays aga91 b all beg9n+ :]e ! cl\ds d1 n "o c y trace to ! sun2 & obs]ve h[ c>efully ! long %ad[ on ! m\nta9 is acc\nt$ = by ! dim d>k promontory project+ out ne> ! sun4 ,i ne$ n multiply examples2 y w f9d v>i\s modifications & uses ( ^! effects ?r\gh\t 8 works4 ,b y w n f9d a s+le trace ( !m 9 ! old ma/]s4 ,!y give y ! rays issu+ f beh9d black cl\ds1 & because !y are a co>se & common effect :i* c\ld n possibly escape _! obs]vation1 & because !y are easily imitat$4 ,!y give y ! spiky %afts issu+ f ! orb itself1 because ^! are p>tially symbolical ( light1 & assi/ a t>dy imag9ation1 z two or ?ree rays scrat*$ r\nd ! sun ) a p5 w\ld1 ?\gh !y w\ld be rays ( d>kness in/ead ( light4#cj ,b ( ! mo/ beautiful ph5om5on ( all1 ! appe>ance ( ! delicate ray f> 9 ! sky1 ?read+ its way among ! ?91 transp>5t cl\ds1 :ile all ar\nd ! sun is un%ad[$ fire1 !re is no record nor example :atsoev] 9 _! works4 ,x 0 too delicate & spiritual = !m2 probably _! blunt & feel+less eyes nev] p]ceiv$ x 9 nature1 & _! untaught imag9ations 7 n likely to orig9ate x 9 ! /udy4 ,sec4 #ai4 ,tru? ( ! skies ( mod]n draw+s4 ,little is to be said ( ! skies ( our o!r l&scape arti/s4 ,9 pa9t+s1 !y are commonly toneless1 crude1 & want+ 9 dep? & transp>5cy2 b 9 draw+s1 "s v p]fect & delicate examples h be5 produc$ by v>i\s memb]s ( ! old wat] color ,society1 & "o or two o!rs2 b ) respect to ! qualities ( :i* we are at pres5t speak+1 x is n "r to comp>e draw+s ) pa9t+s1 z ! wa% or spung+1 or o!r artifices peculi> to wat] color1 are capable ( produc+ an appe>ance ( quality :i* x ne$s mu* high] art to produce 9 oils4 ,sec4 #bj4 ,recapitulation4 ,! be/ skies ( ! anci5ts are1 9 quality1 inimitable1 b 9 r5d]+ ( v>i\s tru?1 *ildi%4 ,tak5 g5]ally1 ! op5 skies ( ! mod]ns are inf]ior 9 quality to pick$ & unt\*$ skies ( ! greate/ ( ! anci5ts1 b f> sup]ior to ! av]age class ( pictures :i* we h e day fa!r$ ^u _! reputation4 ,n9e or t5 skies ( ,claude might be nam$ :i* are n to be cont5d$ )1 9 _! way1 & z _m ( ,cuyp4 ,t5i]s has giv5 "s v wond]ful passages1 & ! cle>ness ( ! e>ly ,italian & ,dut* s*ools is beyond all imitation4 ,b ! common blue daub+ :i* we he> e day 9 our be/ gall]ies attribut$ to ,claude & ,cuyp1 & ! g5u9e skies ( ,salvator1 & ( bo? ! ,p\ss9s1 are n to be comp>$ = an in/ant ) ! be/ works ( mod]n times1 ev5 9 quality & transp>5cy2 :ile 9 all matt]s requir+ delicate obs]vation or accurate sci5ce1--9 all :i* 0 n atta9able by te*nicalities ( art1 & :i* dep5d$ ^u ! arti/'s k & und]/&+ ( nature1 all ! works ( ! anci5ts are alike ! productions ( m]e *ildr51 sometimes manife/+ great s5sibility1 b prov+ at ! same "t1 feebly develop$ intellig5ce & ill-regulat$ obs]vation4 ,,footnotes #cj ,i h left ?is passage z x /ood orig9ally1 because x is "r z f> z x goes2 yet x speaks ) too little respect ( symbolism1 :i* is (t5 ( ! highe/ use 9 religi\s art1 & 9 "s measure is all[able 9 all art4 ,9 ! works ( almo/ all ! greate/ ma/]s !re are portions :i* are explanatory r ?an repres5tative1 & typical r ?an imitative2 nor c\ld ^! be p>t$ ) b at inf9ite loss4 ,note1 ) respect to ! pres5t "q1 ! d>+ black sunbeams ( ,titian1 9 8 woodcut ( ,/4 ,francis receiv+ ! /igmata1 & comp>e "h ,"p ,,iii4 ,sect4 ,,ii4 ,*ap4 ,,iv4 ,sec4 #ah2 ,*ap4 ,v4 ,sec4 #ac4 ,& ?\gh ,i believe t ,i am "r 9 consid]+ all su* symbolism z out ( place 9 pure l&scape1 & 9 attribut+ t ( ,claude to ignorance or inability1 & n to feel+1 yet ,i praise ,turn] n s mu* = 8 absolute refusal to repres5t ! spiky ray ab\t ! sun1 z = 8 p]ceiv+ & r5d]+ t :i* ,claude nev] p]ceiv$1 ! multitud9\s pres5ce ( radiat+ light 9 ! upp] sky & on all its c\ntless ranks ( subtile cl\d4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,( ,,tru? ,,( ,,cl\ds3--,,fir/1 ,,( ,,! ,,region ,,( ,,! ,,cirrus4 ,sec4 #a4 ,difficulty ( asc]ta9+ :]e9 ! tru? ( cl\ds consi/s4 ,our next subject ( inve/igation mu/ be ! specific "* ( cl\ds1 a species ( tru? :i* is especially neglect$ by arti/s2 fir/1 because z x is )9 ! limits ( possibility t a cl\d may assume almo/ any =m1 x is difficult to po9t out & n always easy to feel1 :]e 9 error consi/s2 & secondly1 because x is totally impossible to /udy ! =ms ( cl\ds f nature ) c>e & accuracy1 z a *ange 9 ! subject takes place betwe5 e t\* ( ! foll[+ p5cil1 & p>ts ( an outl9e sket*$ at diff]5t in/ants _c h>monize1 nature nev] hav+ int5d$ !m to come toge!r4 ,/ill if arti/s 7 m 9 ! habit ( sket*+ cl\ds rapidly1 & z accurately z possible 9 ! outl9e1 f nature1 in/ead ( daub+ d[n :at !y call effects ) ! bru%1 !y w\ld soon f9d !re is m beauty ab\t _! =ms ?an c be arriv$ at by any r&om felicity ( inv5tion1 h[ev] brilliant1 & m ess5tial "* ?an c be violat$ )\t incurr+ ! *>ge ( falsehood1--falsehood z direct & def9ite1 ?\gh n z traceable z error 9 ! less v>i$ features ( organic =m4 ,sec4 #b4 ,v>iation ( _! "* at diff]5t elevations4 ,! ?ree regions to :i* !y may conv5i5tly be consid]$ z belong+4 ,! fir/ & mo/ important "* ( cl\ds1 is dep5d5t on ! diff]5t altitudes at :i* !y are =m$4 ,! atmosph]e may be conv5i5tly consid]$ z divid$ into ?ree spaces1 ea* inhabit$ by cl\ds ( specific "* altoge!r diff]5t1 ?\gh1 9 reality !re is no di/9ct limit fix$ betwe5 !m by nature1 cl\ds be+ =m$ at e altitude1 & p>tak+ accord+ to _! altitude1 m or less ( ! *>act]s ( ! upp] or l[] regions4 ,! sc5]y ( ! sky is ?us =m$ ( an inf9itely graduat$ s]ies ( sy/ematic =ms ( cl\d1 ea* ( :i* has its own region 9 :i* alone x is =m$1 & ea* ( :i* has specific *>act]s :i* c only be prop]ly det]m9$ by comp>+ !m z !y are f\nd cle>ly di/+ui%$ by int]vals ( consid]able space4 ,i %all !re=e consid] ! sky z divid$ into ?ree regions--! upp] region1 or region ( ! cirrus2 ! c5tral region1 or region ( ! /ratus2 ! l[] region1 or ! region ( ! ra9-cl\d4 ,sec4 #c4 ,ext5t ( ! upp] region4 ,sec4 #d4 ,! symmetrical arrangem5t ( its cl\ds4 ,! cl\ds :i* ,i wi% to consid] z includ$ 9 ! upp] region1 nev] t\* ev5 ! highe/ m\nta9s ( ,europe1 & may !re=e be look$ ^u z nev] =m$ bel[ an ( at lea/ #ae1jjj feet2 !y are ! motionless multitud9\s l9es ( delicate vapor ) :i* ! blue ( ! op5 sky is commonly /reak$ or speckl$ aft] sev]al days ( f9e wea!r4 ,i mu/ be p>don$ = giv+ a detail$ description ( _! specific *>act]s z !y are ( con/ant occurr5ce 9 ! works ( mod]n arti/s1 & ,i %all h occasion to speak frequ5tly ( !m 9 future p>ts ( ! "w4 ,_! *ief *>act]s are--fir/1 ,symmetry3 ,!y are ne>ly always arrang$ 9 "s def9ite & evid5t ord]1 commonly 9 long ranks rea*+ sometimes f ! z5i? to ! horizon1 ea* rank compos$ ( an inf9ite numb] ( transv]se b>s ( ab\t ! same l5g?1 ea* b> ?icke/ 9 ! middle1 & t]m9at+ 9 a traceless vapor\s po9t at ea* side2 ! ranks are 9 ! direction ( ! w9d1 & ! b>s ( c\rse at "r angles to x2 ^! latt] are commonly slightly b5t 9 ! middle4 ,frequ5tly two sy/ems ( ?is k9d1 indicative ( two curr5ts ( w9d1 at diff]5t altitudes int]sect "o ano!r1 =m+ a network4 ,ano!r frequ5t arrangem5t is 9 gr\ps ( excessively f9e1 silky1 p>allel fibres1 commonly radiat+1 or hav+ a t5d5cy to radiate1 f "o ( _! extremities1 & t]m9at+ 9 a plumy sweep at ! o!r3--^! are vulg>ly kn[n z m>es' tails4 ,! plumy & exp&$ extremity ( ^! is (t5 b5t upw>ds1 sometimes back & up aga91 giv+ an appe>ance ( great flexibility & unity at ! same "t1 z if ! cl\ds 7 t\gh1 & w\ld hold toge!r h[ev] b5t4 ,! n>r[ extremity is inv>iably turn$ to ! w9d1 & ! fibres are p>allel ) its direction4 ,! upp] cl\ds always fall into "s modification ( "o or o!r ( ^! arrangem5ts4 ,!y ?us diff] f all o!r cl\ds1 9 hav+ a plan & sy/em2 :]eas o!r cl\ds1 ?\gh !re are c]ta9 laws :i* !y _c break1 h yet p]fect fre$om f any?+ l a relative & g5]al sy/em ( gov]nm5t4 ,! upp] cl\ds are to ! l[]1 :at soldi]s on p>ade are to a mix$ multitude2 no m5 walk on _! heads or _! h&s1 & s !re are c]ta9 laws :i* no cl\ds violate2 b !re is no?+ except 9 ! upp] cl\ds resembl+ symmetrical discipl9e4 ,sec4 #e4 ,_! exce$+ delicacy4 ,secondly1 ,%>pness ( ,edge3 ,! edges ( ! b>s ( ! upp] cl\ds :i* are turn$ to ! w9d1 are (t5 ! %>pe/ :i* ! sky %[s2 no outl9e :atev] ( any o!r k9d ( cl\d1 h[ev] m>k$ & en]getic1 ev] approa*es ! delicate decision ( ^! edges4 ,! outl9e ( a black ?und]-cl\d is /rik+1 f ! great en]gy ( ! color or %ade ( ! g5]al mass2 b z a l9e1 x is s(t & indi/9ct1 comp>$ ) ! edge ( ! cirrus1 9 a cle> sky ) a brisk breeze4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! edge ( ! b> turn$ away f ! w9d is always s(t1 (t5 imp]ceptible1 melt+ into ! blue int]/ice betwe5 x & its next neighbor4 ,commonly ! %>p] "o edge is1 ! s(t] is ! o!r1 & ! cl\ds look flat1 & z if !y slipp$ ov] ea* o!r l ! scales ( a fi%4 ,:5 bo? edges are s(t1 z is always ! case :5 ! sky is cle> & w9dless1 ! cl\d looks solid1 r\nd1 & fleecy4 ,sec4 #f4 ,_! numb]4 ,?irdly1 ,multitude3 ,! delicacy ( ^! vapors is sometimes c>ri$ into su* an inf9ity ( division1 t no o!r s5sation ( numb] t ! e>? or heav5 c give is s impressive4 ,numb] is always mo/ felt :5 x is symmetrical1 7vide ,burke on ,sublime1 ,"p ii4 sect4 #h17 &1 !re=e1 no sea-waves nor fre% leaves make _! numb] s evid5t or s impressive z ^! vapors4 ,nor is nature cont5t ) an inf9ity ( b>s or l9es alone--ea* b> is 9 its turn sev]$ into a numb] ( small undulatory masses1 m or less connect$ accord+ to ! viol5ce ( ! w9d4 ,:5 ?is division is m]ely effect$ by undulation1 ! cl\d exactly resembles sea-s& ribb$ by ! tide2 b :5 ! division am\nts to real sep>ation we h ! mottl$ or mack]el skies4 ,commonly1 ! great] ! division ( its b>s1 ! broad] & m %apeless is ! rank or field1 s t 9 ! mottl$ sky x is lo/ altoge!r1 & we h l>ge irregul> fields ( equal size1 masses l flocks ( %eep2 su* cl\ds are ?ree or f\r ?\s& feet bel[ ! legitimate cirrus4 ,i h se5 !m ca/ a %ad[ on ! ,mont ,blanc at sunset1 s t !y mu/ desc5d ne>ly to )9 fifte5 ?\s& feet ( ! e>?4 ,sec4 #g4 ,causes ( _! peculi>ly delicate color+4 ,f\r?ly1 ,purity ( ,color3 ,! ne>e/ ( ^! cl\ds--^? ov] ! obs]v]'s head1 be+ at lea/ ?ree miles above him1 & ne>ly all ent]+ ! ord9>y sph]e ( vision1 f>!r f him /ill1--_! d>k sides are mu* gray] & cool] ?an ^? ( o!r cl\ds1 ow+ to _! di/ance4 ,!y are compos$ ( ! pure/ aque\s vapor1 free f all f\lness ( e>?y gases1 & ( ?is 9 ! lighte/ & mo/ e!real /ate 9 :i* x c be1 to be visible4 ,f>!r1 !y receive ! light ( ! sun 9 a /ate ( f> great] int5sity ?an l[] objects1 ! beams be+ transmitt$ to !m ?r\gh atmosph]ic air f> less d5se1 & :olly unaffect$ by mi/1 smoke1 or any o!r impurity4 ,h5ce _! colors are m pure & vivid1 & _! :ite less sulli$ ?an ^? ( any o!r cl\ds4 ,sec4 #h4 ,_! v>iety ( =m4 ,la/ly1 ,v>iety3 ,v>iety is nev] s conspicu\s1 z :5 x is unit$ ) symmetry4 ,! p]petual *ange ( =m 9 o!r cl\ds1 is monoton\s 9 its v dissimil>ity1 nor is diff]5ce /rik+ :]e no connection is impli$2 b if ?r\gh a range ( b>r$ cl\ds1 cross+ half ! heav51 all gov]n$ by ! same =ces & fall+ into "o g5]al =m1 !re be yet a m>k$ & evid5t dissimil>ity betwe5 ea* memb] ( ! great mass--"o m f9ely drawn1 ! next m delicately m\ld$1 ! next m gracefully b5t--ea* brok5 into diff]5tly modell$ & v>i\sly numb]$ gr\ps1 ! v>iety is d\bly /rik+1 because contra/$ ) ! p]fect symmetry ( :i* x =ms a "p4 ,h5ce1 ! importance ( ! tru?1 t nature nev] lets "o ( ! memb]s ( ev5 h] mo/ discipl9$ gr\ps ( cl\d be l ano!r2 b ?\gh ea* is adapt$ = ! same function1 & 9 its great features resembles all ! o!rs1 n "o1 out ( ! millions ) :i* ! sky is *eck]$1 is )\t a sep>ate beauty & "*1 appe>+ to h _h di/9ct ?\ght occupi$ 9 its conception1 & di/9ct =ces 9 its production2 & 9 addition to ?is p]petual inv5tion1 visible 9 ea* memb] ( ea* sy/em1 we f9d sy/ems ( sep>ate cl\d int]sect+ "o ano!r1 ! sweep+ l9es m+l$ & int]wov5 ) ! rigid b>s1 ^! 9 _! turn melt+ into banks ( s&-l ripple & flakes ( drift$ & irregul> foam2 "u all1 p]haps ! massy outl9e ( "s l[] cl\d moves heavily across ! motionless buoyancy ( ! upp] l9es1 & indicates at once _! elevation & _! repose4 ,sec4 #i4 ,total abs5ce ( ev5 ! slighte/ ef=t at _! repres5tation1 9 anci5t l&scape4 ,su* are ! great attributes ( ! upp] cl\d region2 :e!r !y are beautiful1 valuable1 or impressive1 x is n our pres5t bus9ess to decide1 nor to endeavor to discov] ! reason ( ! some:at rem>kable fact1 t ! :ole field ( anci5t l&scape art af=ds1 z f> z we rememb]1 b "o in/ance ( any ef=t :atev] to repres5t ! "* ( ?is cl\d region4 ,t "o in/ance is ! l&scape ( ,rub5s 9 our own gall]y1 9 :i* ! mottl$ or fleecy sky is giv5 ) p]fect tru? & exquisite beauty4 ,to ?is %\ld p]haps be add$1 "s ( ! backgr\nds ( ! hi/orical pa9t]s1 :]e horizontal l9es 7 requir$1 & a few level b>s ( :ite or w>m color cross ! s]5ity ( ! blue4 ,^!1 z f> z !y g1 are (t5 v p]fect1 & ! elevation & repose ( _! effect might1 we %\ld h ?\ght1 h po9t$ out to ! l&scape pa9t]s t !re 0 some?+ 7,i d n say mu*1 b c]ta9ly some?+7 to be made out ( ! high cl\ds4 ,n "o ( !m1 h[ev]1 took ! h9t4 ,to :om1 among !m all1 c we look = ! slighte/ realization ( ! f9e & fai?ful descriptive passage ( ! ,excursion1 already allud$ to3-- ,b rays ( light1 ,n[ sudd5ly div]g+ f ! orb1 ,retir$ beh9d ! m\nta9 tops1 or veil$ ,by ! d5se air1 %ot upw>ds to ! cr[n ,( ! blue firmam5t--al(t--& wide3 ,& multitudes ( little float+ cl\ds1 ,ere we1 :o saw1 ( *ange 7 consci\s1 pi]c$ ,?r\gh _! e!real texture1 _h become ,vivid z fire1--,cl\ds sep>ately pois$1 ,innum]able multitude ( =ms ,scatt]$ ?r\gh half ! circle ( ! sky2 ,& giv+ back1 & %$d+ ea* on ea*1 ,) prodigal communion1 ! bright hues ,:i* f ! unapp>5t f\nt ( glory ,!y _h imbib$1 & ceas$ n to receive4 ,t :i* ! heav5s display$ ! liquid deep ,repeat$1 b ) unity sublime4 ,sec4 #aj4 ,! int5se & con/ant /udy ( !m by ,turn]4 ,!re is b "o ma/] ^: works we c ?9k ( :ile we read ?is2 "o alone has tak5 notice ( ! neglect$ upp] sky2 x is 8 peculi> & favorite field2 he has wat*$ its e modification1 & giv5 its e phase & feature2 at all h\rs1 9 all seasons1 he has foll[$ its passions & its *anges1 & has br\ght d[n & laid op5 to ! _w ano!r apocalypse ( heav54 ,!re is sc>cely a pa9t+ ( ,turn]'s1 9 :i* s]5ity ( sky & int5sity ( light are aim$ at toge!r1 9 :i* ^! cl\ds are n us$1 ?\gh !re are n two cases 9 :i* !y are us$ altoge!r alike4 ,sometimes !y are cr[d$ toge!r 9 masses ( m+l+ light1 z 9 ! ,%ylock2 e "p & atom sympa?iz+ 9 t cont9u\s expression ( sl[ movem5t :i* ,%elley has s beautifully t\*$3-- ,und]nea? ! "y gray dawn ,a multitude ( d5se1 :ite fleecy cl\ds1 ,7 w&]+ 9 ?ick flocks along ! m\nta9s1 ,%eph]d$ by ! sl[1 unwill+ w9d4 ,at o!r times !y are bl5d$ ) ! sky itself1 felt only "h & !re by a ray ( light call+ !m into exi/5ce out ( its mi/y %ade1 z 9 ! ,m]cury & ,argus2 sometimes1 :]e great repose is to be giv51 !y appe> 9 a few deta*$1 equal1 r\nd$ flakes1 :i* seem to hang motionless1 ea* l ! %ad[ ( ! o!r1 9 ! deep blue ( ! z5i?1 z 9 ! ,acro-,cor9?2 sometimes !y are scatt]$ 9 fi]y fly+ fragm5ts1 ea* burn+ ) sep>ate en]gy1 z 9 ! ,tem]aire2 sometimes wov5 toge!r ) f9e ?reads ( int]m$iate d>kness1 melt+ into ! blue z 9 ! ,napoleon4 ,b 9 all cases ! exquisite manipulation ( ! ma/] gives to ea* atom ( ! multitude its own "* & expression4 ,?\gh !y be c\ntless z leaves1 ea* has its portion ( light1 its %ad[1 its reflex1 its peculi> & sep>at+ =m4 ,sec4 #aa4 ,8 vignette1 ,sunrise on ! ,sea4 ,take = in/ance ! illu/rat$ edition ( ,rog]s's ,poems1#ca & op5 x at ! #hj? page1 & obs]ve h[ e attribute :i* ,i h po9t$ out 9 ! upp] sky1 is !re r5d]$ ) ! fai?fulness ( a mirror2 ! long l9es ( p>allel b>s1 ! delicate curvature f ! w9d1 :i* ! incl9ation ( ! sail %[s y to be f ! we/2 ! excessive %>pness ( e edge :i* is turn$ to ! w9d1 ! fa9tness ( e opposite "o1 ! break+ up ( ea* b> into r\nd$ masses1 & f9ally1 ! inconceivable v>iety ) :i* individual =m has be5 giv5 to e memb] ( ! multitude1 & n only individual =m1 b r\ndness & sub/ance ev5 :]e !re is sc>cely a hairbread? ( cl\d to express x 94 ,obs]ve1 above ev]y?+1 ! v>y+ indication ( space & dep? 9 ! :ole1 s t y may look ?r\gh & ?r\gh f "o cl\d to ano!r1 feel+ n m]ely h[ !y retire to ! horizon1 b h[ !y melt back into ! recesses ( ! sky2 e int]val be+ fill$ ) absolute air1 & all its spaces s melt+ & fluctuat+1 & fraught ) *ange z ) repose1 t z y look1 y w fancy t ! rays %oot high] & high] into ! vault ( light1 & t ! pale /reak ( horizontal vapor is melt+ away f ! cl\d t x crosses4 ,n[ wat* = ! next b>r$ sunrise1 & take ?is vignette to ! w9d[1 & te/ x by nature's own cl\ds1 among :i* y w f9d =ms & passages1 ,i d n say m]ely l1 b app>5tly ! actual orig9als ( p>ts ( ?is v draw+4 ,& ) :om w y d ?is1 except ) ,turn]8 ,w y d x ) ,claude1 & set t blank squ>e y>d ( blue1 ) its r\nd1 :ite1 flat fixtures ( simil> cl\d1 beside ! purple inf9ity ( nature1 ) h] c\ntless multitude ( %ad[y l9es1 & flaky waves1 & fold$ veils ( v>iable mi/8 ,w y d x ) ,p\ss91 & set ^? massy /eps ( unyield+ solidity1 ) ! *>iot-&-f\r driv+ up !m1 by ! side ( ! delicate =ms :i* t]m9ate 9 ?reads too f9e = ! eye to foll[ !m1 & ( texture s ?9 wov5 t ! e>lie/ />s %9e ?r\gh !m8 ,w y d x ) ,salvator1 & set t volume ( viol5t & re/less manufactory smoke beside ^? calm & quiet b>s1 :i* pause 9 ! heav5 z if !y w\ld nev] leave x m8 ,sec4 #ab4 ,8 use ( ! cirrus 9 express+ mi/4 ,n[ we h j se5 h[ ,turn] uses ! %>p-edg$ cirri :5 he aims at giv+ great transp>5cy ( air4 ,b x 0 %[n 9 ! prec$+ *apt] t sunbeams1 or ! appe>ance ( !m1 are always %>p] 9 _! edge 9 proportion z ! air is m mi/y1 z !y are mo/ def9$ 9 a room :]e !re is mo/ du/ fly+ ab\t 9 x4 ,consequ5tly1 9 ! vignette we h be5 j notic+1 :]e transp>5cy is to be giv51 ?\gh !re is a blaze ( light1 its beams are nev] edg$2 a t5d5cy to rays is visible1 b y _c 9 any "p f9d a s+le m>k$ edge ( a ris+ sunbeam1 ! sky is m]ely m flu%$ 9 "o place ?an ano!r4 ,n[ let u see :at ,turn] does :5 he wants mi/4 ,turn to ! ,alps at ,daybreak1 page #aic1 9 ! same book4 ,"h we h ! cirri us$ aga91 b n[ !y h no %>p edges1 !y are all fleecy & m+l+ ) ea* o!r1 ?\gh e "o ( !m has ! mo/ exquisite indication ( individual =m1 & !y melt back1 n till !y are lo/ 9 exce$+ light1 z 9 ! o!r plate1 b into a my/]i\s1 fluctuat+1 %ad[y sky1 ( :i*1 ?\gh ! light p5etrates ?r\gh x all1 y p]ceive e "p to be *>g$ ) vapor4 ,notice p>ticul>ly ! half-indicat$ =ms ev5 :]e x is mo/ s]5e1 beh9d ! sn[y m\nta9s4 ,& n[1 h[ are ! sunbeams drawn8 no long] indecisive1 flu%+1 palpitat+1 e "o is %>p & cle>1 & t]m9at$ by def9ite %ad[2 note especially ! m>k$ l9es on ! upp] cl\d2 f9ally1 obs]ve ! diff]5ce 9 ! mode ( indicat+ ! figures1 :i* are "h mi/y & indi/+ui%able1 tell+ only z %ad[s1 ?\gh !y are ne> & l>ge1 :ile ^? 9 ! =m] vignette came cle> ^u ! eye1 ?\gh !y 7 s f> (f z to appe> m]e po9ts4 ,sec4 #ac4 ,8 consi/5cy 9 e m9or feature4 ,n[ is ?is p]petual consi/5cy 9 all po9ts1 ?is conc5tration ( e fact :i* c possibly be> ^u :at we are to be told1 ?is wat*fulness ( ! entire mean+ & sy/em ( nature1 :i* fills e "p & space ( ! picture ) co9cid5ces ( witness1 :i* come out ^u u1 z !y w\ld f ! reality1 m fully & deeply 9 proportion to ! k we possess & ! att5tion we give1 admirable or n8 ,i c\ld g on writ+ page aft] page on e sky ( ,turn]'s1 & po9t+ out fre% tru?s 9 e "o4 ,9 ! ,havre1 = in/ance1 ( ! ,riv]s ( ,france we h a new fact po9t$ out to u ) respect to ^! cirri1 namely1 _! be+ s fa9t & transp>5t z n to be di/+ui%able f ! blue ( ! sky1 7a frequ5t case17 except 9 ! c\rse ( a sunbeam1 :i*1 h[ev]1 does n illum9e _! edges1 !y be+ n solid en\gh to reflect light1 b p5etrates _! :ole sub/ance1 & r5d]s !m flat1 lum9\s =ms 9 its pa?1 in/antly & totally lo/ at its edge4 ,& ?us a sep>ate essay w\ld be requir$ by e picture1 to make fully und]/ood ! new ph5om5a :i* x treat$ & illu/rat$4 ,b aft] once %[+ :at are ! prevail+ *>act]i/ics ( ^! cl\ds1 we c only leave x to ! read] to trace !m :]ev] !y occur4 ,!re are "s f9e & *>act]i/ic passages ( ?is k9d ( cl\d giv5 by ,/anfield1 ?\gh he d>es n use !m 9 multitude1 & is want+ 9 ^? ref9$ qualities ( =m :i* x is totally impossible to expla9 9 words1 b :i*1 p]haps1 by simple outl9es1 on a l>ge scale1 select$ f ! cl\d =ms ( v>i\s arti/s1 ,i may 9 foll[+ portions ( ! "w illu/rate ) ! p5cil4 ,sec4 #ad4 ,! color ( ! upp] cl\ds4 ,( ! colors ( ^! cl\ds ,i h spok5 be=e1 7,sec4 ,i4 ,*ap4 ,,ii427 b ?\gh ,i !n allud$ to _! purity & vividness1 ,i sc>cely took prop] notice ( _! v>iety2 !re is inde$ 9 nature v>iety 9 all ?+s1 & x w\ld be absurd to insi/ on x 9 ea* case1 yet ! colors ( ^! cl\ds are s m>vell\s 9 _! *angefulness1 t !y require p>ticul> notice4 ,if y wat* = ! next sunset1 :5 !re are a consid]able numb] ( ^! cirri 9 ! sky1 y w see1 especially at ! z5i?1 t ! sky does n rema9 ( ! same color = two in*es toge!r2 "o cl\d has a d>k side ( cold blue1 & a fr+e ( milky :ite2 ano!r1 above x1 has a d>k side ( purple & an edge ( r$2 ano!r1 ne>] ! sun1 has an "u-side ( orange & an edge ( gold2 ^! y w f9d m+l$ )1 & pass+ into ! blue ( ! sky1 :i* 9 places y w n be able to di/+ui% f ! cool gray ( ! d>k] cl\ds1 & :i* w be itself full ( gradation1 n[ pure & deep1 n[ fa9t & feeble2 & all ?is is done1 n 9 l>ge pieces1 nor on a l>ge scale1 b ov] & ov] aga9 9 e squ>e y>d1 s t !re is no s+le "p nor portion ( ! :ole sky :i* has n 9 itself v>iety ( color en\gh = a sep>ate picture1 & yet no s+le "p :i* is l ano!r1 or :i* has n "s peculi> s\rce ( beauty1 & "s peculi> arrangem5t ( color ( its own4 ,n[1 in/ead ( ?is1 y get 9 ! old ma/]s--,cuyp1 or ,claude1 or :oev] !y may be--a field ( blue1 delicately1 beautifully1 & uni=mly %ad$ d[n to ! yell[ sun1 ) a c]ta9 numb] ( simil> cl\ds1 ea* ) a d>k side ( ! same gray1 & an edge ( ! same yell[4 ,i d n say t nature nev] does any?+ l ?is1 b ,i say t h] pr9ciple is to d a great deal m1 & t :at %e does m ?an ?is1--:at ,i h above describ$1 & :at y may see 9 n9e sunsets out ( t51--has be5 obs]v$1 attempt$1 & r5d]$ by ,turn] only1 & by him ) a fidelity & =ce :i* pres5ts u ) m ess5tial tru?1 & m cle> expression & illu/ration ( natural laws1 9 e wrea? ( vapor1 ?an compos$ ! :ole /ock ( heav5ly in=mation1 :i* la/$ ,cuyp & ,claude _! lives4 ,sec4 #ae4 ,recapitulation4 ,we close !n our pres5t consid]ation ( ! upp] cl\ds1 to return to !m :5 we "k :at is beautiful2 we h at pres5t only to rememb] t ( ^! cl\ds1 & ! tru?s connect$ ) !m1 none be=e ,turn] _h tak5 any notice :atsoev]2 t _h !y !re=e be5 ev5 feebly & imp]fectly repres5t$ by him1 !y w\ld yet h giv5 him a claim to be consid]$ m ext5d$ & univ]sal 9 8 /atem5t ( tru?s ?an any ( 8 pr$ecessors2 h[ mu* m :5 we f9d t deep fidelity 9 8 /udi$ & p]fect skies :i* op5s new s\rces ( delight to e advancem5t ( our k1 & to e add$ mom5t ( our contemplation4 ,,footnotes #ca ,i use ?is "w frequ5tly = illu/ration1 because x is ! only "o ,i "k 9 :i* ! engrav] has work$ ) delicacy en\gh to give ! real =ms & t\*es ( ,turn]4 ,i c reason f ^! plates1 79 que/ions ( =m only17 ne>ly z well z ,i c\ld f ! draw+s4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,( ,,tru? ,,( ,,cl\ds3--,,secondly1 ,,( ,,! ,,c5tral ,,cl\d ,,region4 ,sec4 #a4 ,ext5t & typical "* ( ! c5tral cl\d region4 ,we h next to inve/igate ! "* ( ! ,c5tral ,cl\d ,region1 :i* ,i consid] z includ+ all cl\ds :i* are ! usual *>act]i/ic ( ord9>y s]5e wea!r1 & :i* t\* & envelop ! m\nta9s ( ,switz]l&1 b nev] affect ^? ( our own isl&2 !y may !re=e be consid]$ z occupy+ a space ( air t5 ?\s& feet 9 height1 ext5d+ f five to fifte5 ?\s& feet above ! sea4 ,sec4 #b4 ,its *>act]i/ic cl\ds1 requir+ no att5tion nor ?\ght = _! repres5tation1 are !re=e favorite subjects ) ! old ma/]s4 ,^! cl\ds1 accord+ to _! elevation1 appe> ) great v>iety ( =m1 (t5 p>tak+ ( ! /reak$ or mottl$ "* ( ! high] region1 & z (t51 :5 ! precursors ( /orm1 manife/+ =ms closely connect$ ) ! l[e/ ra9 cl\ds2 b ! species especially *>act]i/ic ( ! c5tral region is a :ite1 ragg$1 irregul>1 & scatt]$ vapor1 :i* has little =m & less color1 & ( :i* a good example may be se5 9 ! l>ge/ l&scape ( ,cuyp1 9 ! ,dulwi* ,gall]y4 ,:5 ?is vapor collects into masses1 x is p>tially r\nd$1 clumsy1 & pond]\s1 z if x w\ld tumble out ( ! sky1 %ad$ ) a dull gray1 & totally devoid ( any appe>ance ( en]gy or motion4 ,ev5 9 nature1 ^! cl\ds are comp>atively un9t]e/+1 sc>cely wor? rais+ our heads to look at2 & on canvas1 valuable only z a means ( introduc+ light1 & break+ ! monotony ( blue2 yet !y are1 p]haps1 beyond all o!rs ! favorite cl\ds ( ! ,dut* ma/]s4 ,:e!r !y _h any motive = ! adoption ( su* mat]ials1 beyond ! extreme facility ) :i* acres ( canvas might ?us be cov]$ )\t any tr\blesome ex]tion ( ?\ght2 or any temptation to su* selections beyond ! impossibility ( error :]e nature %[s no =m1 & ! impossibility ( defici5cy :]e %e %[s no beauty1 x is n "h ! place to det]m9e4 ,su* skies are happily beyond ! rea* ( criticism1 = he :o tells y no?+ _c tell y a falsehood4 ,a little flake-:ite1 glaz$ ) a light bru% ov] ! c>efully ton$ blue1 p]mitt$ to fall into :atev] =ms *ance might det]m9e1 ) ! s+le precaution t _! edges %\ld be tol]ably irregul>1 suppli$1 9 hundr$s ( in/ances1 a sky q good en\gh = all ord9>y purposes--q good en\gh = cattle to graze1 or boors to play at n9e-p9s "u--& equally devoid ( all t c\ld gratify1 in=m1 or (f5d4 ,sec4 #c4 ,! cl\ds ( ,salvator & ,p\ss94 ,b al?\gh ?is k9d ( cl\d is1 z ,i h said1 typical ( ! c5tral region1 x is n "o :i* nature is fond (4 ,%e sc>cely ev] lets an h\r pass )\t "s manife/ation ( f9] =ms1 sometimes approa*+ ! upp] cirri1 sometimes ! l[] cumulus4 ,& !n 9 ! l[] outl9es1 we h ! ne>e/ approximation :i* nature ev] pres5ts to ! cl\ds ( ,claude1 ,salvator1 & ,p\ss91 to ! *>act]s ( :i* ,i mu/ reque/ especial att5tion1 z x is "h only t we %all h a fair opportunity ( comp>+ _! skies ) ^? ( ! mod]n s*ool4 ,i %all1 z be=e1 glance rapidly at ! great laws ( specific =m1 & s put x 9 ! p[] ( ! read] to judge = himself ( ! tru? ( repres5tation4 ,sec4 #d4 ,_! ess5tial *>act]s4 ,sec4 #e4 ,_! angul> =ms & g5]al decision ( outl9e4 ,cl\ds1 x is to be rememb]$1 are n s mu* local vapor1 z vapor r5d]$ locally visible by a fall ( temp]ature4 ,?us a cl\d1 ^: p>ts are 9 con/ant motion1 w hov] on a sn[y m\nta91 pursu+ con/antly ! same track ^u its flanks1 & yet rema9+ ( ! same size1 ! same =m1 & 9 ! same place1 = half a day toge!r4 ,no matt] h[ viol5t or h[ caprici\s ! w9d may be1 ! in/ant x approa*es ! spot :]e ! *illy influ5ce ( ! sn[ ext5ds1 ! moi/ure x c>ries becomes visible1 & !n & !re ! cl\d =ms on ! in/ant1 app>5tly ma9ta9+ its =m aga9/ ! w9d1 ?\gh ! c>eful & ke5 eye c see all its p>ts 9 ! mo/ rapid motion across ! m\nta94 ,! outl9es ( su* a cl\d are ( c\rse n det]m9$ by ! irregul> impulses ( ! w9d1 b by ! fix$ l9es ( radiant heat :i* regulate ! temp]ature ( ! atmosph]e ( ! m\nta94 ,x is t]m9at$1 !re=e1 n by *ang+ curves1 b by /eady "r l9es ( m or less decision1 (t5 exactly correspond5t ) ! outl9e ( ! m\nta9 on :i* x is =m$1 & fall+ !re=e into grotesque peaks & precipices4 ,i h se5 ! m>k$ & angul> outl9e ( ! ,gr&es ,jorasses1 at ,*am\nix1 mimick$ 9 its e jag by a l9e ( cl\ds above x4 ,ano!r resultant ph5om5on is ! =mation ( cl\d 9 ! calm air to leew>d ( a /eep summit2 cl\d ^: edges are 9 rapid motion1 :]e !y are affect$ by ! curr5t ( ! w9d above1 & /ream f ! peak l ! smoke ( a volcano1 yet always vani% at a c]ta9 di/ance f x z /eam issu+ f a *imney4 ,:5 wet wea!r ( "s duration is approa*+1 a small :ite spot ( cl\d w sometimes appe> l[ on ! hill flanks2 x w n move1 b w increase gradually = "s little "t1 !n dim9i%1 /ill )\t mov+2 disappe> altoge!r1 reappe> t5 m9utes aft]w>ds1 exactly 9 ! same spot2 increase to a great] ext5t ?an be=e1 aga9 disappe>1 aga9 return1 & at la/ p]man5tly2 o!r simil> spots ( cl\d =m+ simultane\sly1 ) v>i\s fluctuations1 ea* 9 its own spot1 & at ! same level on ! hill-side1 until all exp&1 jo9 toge!r1 & =m an unbrok5 veil ( ?reat5+ gray1 :i* d>k5s gradually into /orm4 ,:at 9 su* cases takes place palpably & rem>kably1 is m or less a law ( =mation 9 all cl\ds :atsoev]2 !y be+ b\nd$ r by l9es expressive ( *anges ( temp]ature 9 ! atmosph]e1 ?an by ! impulses ( ! curr5ts ( w9d 9 :i* ^? *anges take place4 ,ev5 :5 9 rapid & visible motion across ! sky1 ! v>iations :i* take place 9 _! outl9es are n s mu* alt]ations ( position & arrangem5t ( p>ts1 z !y are ! alt]nate =mation & disappe>ance ( p>ts4 ,!re is1 !re=e1 usually a p>allelism & consi/5cy 9 _! great outl9es1 :i* give sy/em to ! small] curves ( :i* !y are compos$2 & if ^! great l9es be tak51 reject+ ! m9utiae ( v>iation1 ! resultant =m w almo/ always be angul>1 & full ( "* & decision4 ,9 ! flock-l fields ( equal masses1 ea* individual mass has ! effect1 n ( an ellipse or circle1 b ( a rhomboid2 ! sky is cross$ & *eck]$1 n honeycomb$2 9 ! l[] cumuli1 ev5 ?\gh ! mo/ r\nd$ ( all cl\ds1 ! gr\ps are n l balloons or bubbles1 b l t[]s or m\nta9s4 ,& ! result ( ?is arrangem5t 9 masses m or less angul>1 v>i$ )1 & *iefly con/ruct$ (1 curves ( ! utmo/ fre$om & beauty1 is t appe>ance ( exhau/less & fanta/ic en]gy :i* gives e cl\d a m>k$ "* ( its own1 sugge/+ resemblances to ! specific outl9es ( organic objects4 ,i d n say t su* accid5tal resemblances are a "* to be imitat$2 b m]ely t !y be> witness to ! orig9ality & vigor ( sep>ate conception 9 cl\d =ms1 :i* give to ! sc5]y ( ! sky a =ce & v>iety no less delightful ?an t ( ! *anges ( m\nta9 outl9e 9 a hill di/rict ( great elevation2 & t !re is add$ to ?is a _s-l feel+1 a caprici\s1 mock+ imag]y ( passion & life1 totally diff]5t f any effects ( inanimate =m t ! e>? c %[4 ,sec4 #f4 ,! composition ( _! m9or curves4 ,! m9or cont\rs1 out ( :i* ! l>g] outl9es are compos$1 are inde$ beautifully curvil9e>2 b !y are nev] monoton\s 9 _! curves4 ,fir/ comes a concave l9e1 !n a convex "o1 !n an angul> jag1 break+ (f into spray1 !n a d[nright /raight l9e1 !n a curve aga91 !n a deep gap1 & a place :]e all is lo/ & melt$ away1 & s on2 display+ 9 e in* ( ! =m r5ew$ & ceaseless inv5tion1 sett+ (f grace ) rigidity1 & reliev+ flexibility ) =ce1 9 a mann] sc>cely less admirable1 & f> m *angeful ?an ev5 9 ! muscul> =ms ( ! human frame4 ,nay1 su* is ! exquisite composition ( all ?is1 t y may take any s+le fragm5t ( any cl\d 9 ! sky1 & y w f9d x put toge!r z if !re _h be5 a ye>'s ?\ght ov] ! plan ( x1 arrang$ ) ! mo/ /udi$ inequality--) ! mo/ delicate symmetry--) ! mo/ elaborate contra/1 a picture 9 itself4 ,y may try e o!r piece ( cl\d 9 ! heav51 & y w f9d !m e "o z p]fect1 & yet n "o 9 ! lea/ l ano!r4 ,sec4 #g4 ,_! *>act]s1 z giv5 by ,s4 ,rosa4 ,n[ x may p]haps1 = any?+ we "k1 or h yet prov$1 be highly exp$i5t & prop]1 9 art1 t ?is v>iety1 individuality1 & angul> "* %\ld be *ang$ into a mass ( convex curves1 ea* precisely l its neighbor 9 all respects1 & unbrok5 f beg9n+ to end2--x may be highly orig9al1 ma/]ly1 bold1 :atev] y *oose to call x2 b x is false4 ,i d n take ^u me to ass]t t ! cl\ds :i* 9 anci5t ,g]many 7 m especially & peculi>ly devot$ to ! bus9ess ( cat*+ pr9cesses (f des]t isl&s1 & c>ry+ !m to en*ant$ ca/les1 might n h possess$ some?+ ( ! pill[y organization :i* we may suppose be/ adapt$ = functions ( su* delicacy & dispat*4 ,b ,i d mean to say t ! cl\ds :i* ,god s5ds ^u 8 e>? z ! m9i/]s ( dew1 & ra91 & %ade1 & ) :i* he adorns 8 heav51 sett+ !m 9 its vault = ! ?rones ( 8 spirits1 h n 9 "o in/ant or atom ( _! exi/5ce1 "o feature 9 common ) su* conceptions & creations4 ,& !re are1 beyond dispute1 m direct & unmitigat$ falsehoods told1 & m laws ( nature set at op5 defiance 9 "o ( ! roll+ skies ( ,salvator1 su* z t m>k$ #aei 9 ! ,dulwi* ,gall]y1 ?an 7 ev] attribut$1 ev5 by ! ignorant & unfeel+1 to all ! wilde/ flights ( ,turn] put toge!r4 ,sec4 #h4 ,monotony & falsehood ( ! cl\ds ( ! ,italian ,s*ool g5]ally4 ,& x is n z if ! error 7 only occasional4 ,x is sy/ematic & con/ant 9 all ! ,italian ma/]s ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 & 9 mo/ ( ! ,dut*4 ,!y look$ at cl\ds z at ev]y?+ else :i* did n p>ticul>ly help !m 9 _! great end ( deception1 ) utt] c>elessness & bluntness ( feel+1--saw t !re 7 a great _m r\nd$ passages 9 !m1--f\nd x mu* easi] to sweep circles ?an to design beauties1 & sat d[n 9 _! /udies1 cont5t$ ) p]petual repetitions ( ! same sph]ical conceptions1 hav+ ab\t ! same relation to ! cl\ds ( nature1 t a *ild's c>v+ ( a turnip has to ! head ( ! ,apollo4 ,look at ! r\nd ?+s ab\t ! sun 9 ! bricky ,claude1 ! smalle/ ( ! ?ree ,seaports 9 ! ,national ,gall]y4 ,!y are a great deal m l half-cr[ns ?an cl\ds4 ,take ! ropy1 t\gh-look+ wrea? 9 ! ,sacrifice ( ,isaac1 & f9d "o "p ( x1 if y c1 :i* is n ! repetition ( e o!r "p ( x1 all toge!r be+ z r\nd & vapid z ! bru% c\ld draw !m2 or take ! two caulifl[]-l protub]ances 9 ,no4 #bbj ( ! ,dulwi* ,gall]y1 & admire ! /udi$ simil>ity betwe5 !m2 y _c tell :i* is :i*2 or take ! s-call$ ,ni*olas ,p\ss91 ,no4 #bab1 ,dulwi* ,gall]y1 9 :i*1 f ! br[n trees to ! "r-h& side ( ! picture1 !re is n "o l9e :i* is n physically impossible4 ,sec4 #i4 ,va/ size ( congregat$ masses ( cl\d4 ,sec4 #aj4 ,demon/rable by comp>ison ) m\nta9 ranges4 ,b x is n ! outl9e only :i* is ?us sy/ematically false4 ,! draw+ ( ! solid =m is worse /ill1 = x is to be rememb]$ t al?\gh cl\ds ( c\rse arrange !mselves m or less into broad masses1 ) a light side & d>k side1 bo? _! light & %ade are inv>iably compos$ ( a s]ies ( divid$ masses1 ea* ( :i* has 9 its outl9e z mu* v>iety & "* z ! great outl9e ( ! cl\d2 pres5t+1 !re=e1 a ?\s& times repeat$1 all t ,i h describ$ z *>act]i/ic ( ! g5]al =m4 ,nor are ^! multitud9\s divisions a tru? ( slight importance 9 ! "* ( sky1 = !y are dep5d5t on1 & illu/rative (1 a quality :i* is usually 9 a great degree ov]look$1--! enorm\s retir+ spaces ( solid cl\ds4 ,betwe5 ! illum9$ edge ( a heap$ cl\d1 & t "p ( its body :i* turns into %ad[1 !re w g5]ally be a cle> di/ance ( sev]al miles1 m or less ( c\rse1 accord+ to ! g5]al size ( ! cl\d1 b 9 su* l>ge masses z 9 ,p\ss9 & o!rs ( ! old ma/]s1 occupy ! f\r? or fif? ( ! visible sky2 ! cle> illum9$ bread? ( vapor1 f ! edge to ! %ad[1 involves at lea/ a di/ance ( five or six miles4 ,we are little apt1 9 wat*+ ! *anges ( a m\nta9\s range ( cl\d1 to reflect t ! masses ( vapor :i* compose x1 are hug] & high] ?an any m\nta9 range ( ! e>?2 & ! di/ances betwe5 mass & mass are n y>ds ( air trav]s$ 9 an in/ant by ! fly+ =m1 b valleys ( *ang+ atmosph]e leagues ov]2 t ! sl[ motion ( asc5d+ curves1 :i* we c sc>cely trace1 is a boil+ en]gy ( exult+ vapor ru%+ into ! heav5 a ?\s& feet 9 a m9ute2 & t ! toppl+ angle ^: %>p edge almo/ escapes notice 9 ! multitud9\s =ms ar\nd x1 is a nodd+ precipice ( /orms1 #cjjj feet f base to summit4 ,x is n until we h actually comp>$ ! =ms ( ! sky ) ! hill ranges ( ! e>?1 & se5 ! so>+ ,alp ov]topp$ & buri$ 9 "o surge ( ! sky1 t we beg9 to conceive or appreciate ! colossal scale ( ! ph5om5a ( ! latt]4 ,b ( ?is !re c be no d\bt 9 ! m9d ( any "o accu/om$ to trace ! =ms ( cl\ds among hill ranges--z x is !re a demon/rable & evid5t fact1 t ! space ( vapor visibly ext5d$ ov] an ord9>ily cl\dy sky1 is n less1 f ! po9t ne>e/ to ! obs]v] to ! horizon1 ?an tw5ty leagues2 t ! size ( e mass ( sep>ate =m1 if x be at all l>gely divid$1 is to be express$ 9 t]ms ( miles2 & t e boil+ heap ( illum9at$ mi/ 9 ! ne>] sky1 is an enorm\s m\nta91 fifte5 or tw5ty ?\s& feet 9 height1 six or sev5 miles ov] an illum9at$ surface1 furr[$ by a ?\s& colossal rav9es1 torn by local tempe/s into peaks & promontories1 & *ang+ its features ) ! maje/ic velocity ( ! volcano4 ,sec4 #aa4 ,& consequ5t divisions & v>ieties ( feature4 ,to ^? :o h once conv9c$ !mselves ( ^! proportions ( ! heav51 x w be imm$iately evid5t1 t ?\gh we might1 )\t mu* violation ( tru?1 omit ! m9or divisions ( a cl\d f\r y>ds ov]1 x is ! v]ie/ audacity ( falsehood to omit ^? ( masses :]e = y>ds we h to read miles2 fir/1 because x is physically impossible t su* a space %\ld be )\t _m & va/ divisions2 secondly1 because divisions at su* di/ances mu/ be %>ply & =cibly m>k$ by a]ial p]spective1 s t n only !y mu/ be !re1 b !y mu/ be visible & evid5t to ! eye2 & ?irdly1 because ^! multitud9\s divisions are absolutely necess>y1 9 ord] to express ?is space & di/ance1 :i* _c b be fully & imp]fectly felt1 ev5 ) e aid & evid5ce t art c give ( x4 ,sec4 #ab4 ,n lightly to be omitt$4 ,n[ if an arti/ tak+ = 8 subject a *a9 ( va/ m\nta9s1 sev]al leagues long1 7 to unite all _! v>ieties ( rav9e1 crag1 *asm1 & precipice1 into "o solid1 unbrok5 mass1 ) "o light side & "o d>k side1 look+ l a :ite ball or p>allelopip$ two y>ds broad1 ! words bread?1 boldness1 or1 g5]alization1 w\ld sc>cely be receiv$ z a suffici5t apology = a proce$+ s gl>+ly false1 & s pa9fully degrad+4 ,b :51 in/ead ( ! really l>ge & simple =ms ( m\nta9s1 unit$1 z !y commonly are1 by "s great pr9ciple ( common organization1 & s closely resembl+ ea* o!r z (t5 to correspond 9 l9e1 & jo9 9 effect2 :5 in/ead ( ?is1 we h to d ) spaces ( cl\d twice z va/1 brok5 up into a multiplicity ( =ms necess>y to1 & *>act]i/ic (1 _! v nature--^? =ms subject to a ?\s& local *anges1 hav+ no association ) ea* o!r1 & r5d]$ visible 9 a ?\s& places by _! own transp>5cy or cavities1 :]e ! m\nta9 =ms w\ld be lo/ 9 %ade1--t ?is f> great] space1 & ?is f> m complicat$ arrangem5t1 %\ld be all summ$ up into "o r\nd mass1 ) "o swell ( :ite1 & "o flat side ( unbrok5 gray1 is consid]$ an evid5ce ( ! sublime/ p[]s 9 ! arti/ ( g5]alization & bread?4 ,n[ x may be broad1 x may be gr&1 x may be beautiful1 arti/ical1 & 9 e way desirable4 ,i don't say x is n--,i m]ely say x is a conc5tration ( e k9d ( falsehood3 x is depriv+ heav5 ( its space1 cl\ds ( _! buoyancy1 w9ds ( _! motion1 & di/ance ( its blue4 ,sec4 #ac4 ,imp]fect conceptions ( ?is size & ext5t 9 anci5t l&scape4 ,?is is done1 m or less1 by all ! old ma/]s1 )\t an exception4#cb ,_! idea ( cl\ds 0 altoge!r simil>2 m or less p]fectly c>ri$ out1 accord+ to _! p[] ( h& & accuracy ( eye1 b univ]sally ! same 9 conception4 ,x 0 ! idea ( a comp>atively small1 r\nd1 puff$-up :ite body1 irregul>ly associat$ ) o!r r\nd & puff$-up :ite bodies1 ea* ) a :ite light side1 & a gray d>k side1 & a s(t reflect$ light1 float+ a great way bel[ a blue dome4 ,su* is ! idea ( a cl\d =m$ by mo/ p2 x is ! fir/1 g5]al1 uncultivat$ notion ( :at we see e day4 ,p ?9k ( ! cl\ds z ab\t z l>ge z !y look--=ty y>ds ov]1 p]haps2 !y see g5]ally t !y are solid bodies subject to ! same laws z o!r solid bodies1 r\ndi%1 :iti%1 & app>5tly susp5d$ a great way "u a high blue concavity4 ,s t ^! ideas be tol]ably giv5 ) smoo? pa9t1 !y are cont5t1 & call x nature4 ,h[ diff]5t x is f any?+ t nature ev] did1 or ev] w d1 ,i h endeavor$ to %[2 b ,i _c1 & d n1 expect ! contra/ to be fully felt1 unless ! read] w actually g out on days :51 ei!r be=e or aft] ra91 ! cl\ds arrange !mselves into vigor\s masses1 & aft] arriv+ at some?+ l a conception ( _! di/ance & size1 f ! mode 9 :i* !y retire ov] ! horizon1 w = himself trace & wat* _! v>ieties ( =m & outl9e1 z mass rises ov] mass 9 _! illum9at$ bodies4 ,let him climb f /ep to /ep ov] _! craggy & brok5 slopes1 let him plunge into ! long vi/as ( immeasurable p]spective1 t guide back to ! blue sky2 & :5 he f9ds 8 imag9ation lo/ 9 _! imm5sity1 & 8 s5ses confus$ ) _! multitude1 let him g to ,claude1 to ,salvator1 or to ,p\ss91 & ask !m = a l space1 or l inf9ity4 ,sec4 #ad4 ,total want ( transp>5cy & evanesc5ce 9 ! cl\ds ( anci5t l&scape4 ,b p]haps ! mo/ griev\s fault ( all1 9 ! cl\ds ( ^! pa9t]s1 is ! utt] want ( transp>5cy4 ,n 9 h] mo/ pond]\s & lightless masses w nature ev] leave u )\t "s evid5ce ( transmitt$ sun%9e2 & %e p]petually gives u passages 9 :i* ! vapor becomes visible only by ! sun%9e :i* x arre/s & holds )9 itself1 n caught on its surface1 b entangl$ 9 its mass--float+ fleeces1 preci\s ) ! gold ( heav52 & ?is transluc5cy is especially indicat$ on ! d>k sides ev5 ( h] heavie/ wrea?s1 :i* possess opalesc5t & delicate hues ( p>tial illum9ation1 f> m dep5d5t ^u ! beams :i* pass ?r\gh !m ?an on ^? :i* are reflect$ ^u !m4 ,no?+1 on ! contr>y1 c be m pa9fully & pond]\sly opaque ?an ! cl\ds ( ! old ma/]s univ]sally4 ,h[ev] f> remov$ 9 a]ial di/ance1 & h[ev] brilliant 9 light1 !y nev] appe> filmy or evanesc5t1 & _! light is always on !m1 n 9 !m4 ,& ?is effect is mu* increas$ by ! positive & p]sev]+ det]m9ation on ! "p ( _! outl9es n to be brok5 9 ^u1 nor int]f]$ ) 9 ! slighte/ degree1 by any presumptu\s blue1 or imp]t95t w9ds4 ,!re is no inequality1 no v>iation1 no los+ or disguis+ ( l9e1 no melt+ into no?+ness1 nor %att]+ into spray2 edge succe$s edge ) imp]turbable equanimity1 & no?+ %ort ( ! mo/ decid$ int]f]5ce on ! "p ( tree-tops1 or ! edge ( ! picture1 prev5ts u f be+ able to foll[ !m all ! way r\nd1 l ! coa/ ( an isl&4 ,sec4 #ae4 ,f>!r pro( ( _! defici5cy 9 space4 ,sec4 #af4 ,in/ance ( p]fect tru? 9 ! sky ( ,turn]'s ,babylon4 ,& be x rememb]$ t all ^! faults & defici5cies are to be f\nd 9 _! draw+ m]ely ( ! sep>ate masses ( ! solid cumulus1 ! easie/ drawn ( all cl\ds4 ,b nature sc>cely ev] conf9es h]self to su* masses2 !y =m b ! ?\s&? "p ( h] v>iety ( effect4 ,%e builds up a pyramid ( _! boil+ volumes1 b>s ?is across l a m\nta9 ) ! gray cirrus1 envelops x 9 black1 ragg$1 drift+ vapor1 cov]s ! op5 "p ( ! sky ) mottl$ horizontal fields1 breaks ?r\gh ^! ) sudd5 & long sunbeams1 te>s up _! edges ) local w9ds1 scatt]s ov] ! gaps ( blue ! inf9ity ( multitude ( ! high cirri1 & melts ev5 ! unoccupi$ azure into palpitat+ %ades4 ,& all ?is is done ov] & ov] aga9 9 e qu>t] ( a mile4 ,:]e ,p\ss9 or ,claude h ?ree simil> masses1 nature has fifty pictures1 made up ea* ( millions ( m9or ?\ghts--fifty aisles p5etrat+ ?r\gh angelic *apels to ! ,%e*9ah ( ! blue--fifty holl[ ways among bewild]$ hills--ea* ) _! own nodd+ rocks1 & clov5 precipices1 & radiant summits1 & rob+ vapors1 b all unlike ea* o!r1 except 9 beauty1 all be>+ witness to ! unwe>i$1 exhau/less op]ation ( ! ,inf9ite ,m9d4 ,n[1 9 cases l ^! especially1 z we obs]v$ be=e ( g5]al nature1 ?\gh x is altoge!r hopeless to foll[ out 9 ! space ( any "o picture ?is incalculable & inconceivable glory1 yet ! pa9t] c at lea/ see t ! space he has at 8 comm&1 n>r[ & conf9$ z x is1 is made complete use (1 & t no "p ( x %all be )\t ent]ta9m5t & food = ?\ght4 ,if he c\ld subdivide x by million?s ( in*es1 he c\ld n rea* ! multitud9\s maje/y ( nature2 b x is at lea/ incumb5t ^u him to make ! mo/ ( :at he has1 & n1 by exagg]at+ ! proportions1 bani%+ ! v>iety & repeat+ ! =ms ( 8 cl\ds1 to set at defiance ! et]nal pr9ciples ( ! heav5s--fitfulness & inf9ity4 ,& n[ let u1 keep+ 9 memory :at we h se5 ( ,p\ss9 & ,salvator1 take up "o ( ,turn]'s skies1 & see :e!r he is z n>r[ 9 8 conception1 or z nigg>dly 9 8 space4 ,x does n matt] :i* we take1 8 sublime ,babylon#cc is a fair example = our pres5t purpose4 ,t5 miles away1 d[n ! ,euphrates1 :]e x gleams la/ along ! pla91 he gives u a drift ( d>k elongat$ vapor1 melt+ b5ea? into a dim haze :i* embraces ! hills on ! horizon4 ,x is exhau/$ ) its own motion1 & brok5 up by ! w9d 9 its own body into numb]less gr\ps ( bill[y & toss+ fragm5ts1 :i*1 beat5 by ! weight ( /orm d[n to ! e>?1 are j lift+ !mselves aga9 on we>i$ w+s1 & p]i%+ 9 ! ef=t4 ,above ^!1 & f> beyond !m1 ! eye goes back to a broad sea ( :ite1 illum9at$ mi/1 or r cl\d melt$ into ra91 & absorb$ aga9 be=e t ra9 has fall51 b p5etrat$ ?r\gh\t1 :e!r x be vapor or :e!r x be dew1 ) s(t sun%9e1 turn+ x z :ite z sn[4 ,gradually z x rises1 ! ra9y fusion ceases1 y _c tell :]e ! film ( blue on ! left beg9s--b x is deep5+1 deep5+ /ill1--& ! cl\d1 ) its edge fir/ invisible1 !n all b imag9>y1 !n j felt :5 ! eye is n fix$ on x1 & lo/ :5 x is1 at la/ rises1 ke5 f excessive di/ance1 b s(t & mantl+ 9 its body1 z a swan's bosom frett$ by fa9t w9d1 heav+ fitfully aga9/ ! delicate deep blue1 ) :ite waves1 ^: =ms are trac$ by ! pale l9es ( opalesc5t %ad[1 %ade only because ! light is )9 x1 & n ^u x1 & :i* break ) _! own swiftness into a driv5 l9e ( level spray1 w9n[$ into ?reads by ! w9d1 & flung be=e ! foll[+ vapor l ^? swift %afts ( arr[y wat] :i* a great cat>act %oots into ! air beside x1 try+ to f9d ! e>?4 ,beyond ^!1 aga91 rises a colossal m\nta9 ( gray cumulus1 ?r\gh ^: %ad[$ sides ! sunbeams p5etrate 9 dim1 slop+1 ra9-l %afts2 & ov] :i* !y fall 9 a broad bur/ ( /ream+ light1 s9k+ to ! e>?1 & %[+ ?r\gh _! own visible radiance ! ?ree successive ranges ( hills :i* connect its desolate pla9 ) space4 ,above1 ! edgy summit ( ! cumulus1 brok5 into fragm5ts1 rec$es into ! sky1 :i* is peopl$ 9 its s]5ity ) quiet multitudes ( ! :ite1 s(t1 sil5t cirrus2 & "u ^! aga91 drift ne> ! z5i?1 di/urb$ & impati5t %ad[s ( a d>k] _s1 seek+ re/ & f9d+ none4 ,sec4 #ag4 ,& 9 8 ,pools ( ,solomon4 ,n[ ?is is nature6 ,x is ! exhau/less liv+ en]gy ) :i* ! univ]se is fill$2 & :at w y set beside x ( ! works ( o!r m58 ,%[ me a s+le picture1 9 ! :ole compass ( anci5t art1 9 :i* ,i c pass f cl\d to cl\d1 f region to region1 f fir/ to second & ?ird heav51 z ,i c "h1 & y may talk ( ,turn]'s want ( tru?4 ,turn to ! ,pools ( ,solomon1 & walk ?r\gh ! passages ( mi/ z !y melt on ! "o h& into ^? /ormy fragm5ts ( fi]y cl\d1 or1 on ! o!r1 into ! cold solit>y %ad[s t compass ! sweep+ hill1 & :5 y f9d an in* )\t air & transp>5cy1 & a hairbread? )\t *angefulness & ?\ght2 & :5 y c c\nt ! torn waves ( toss+ radiance t gu% f ! sun1 z y c c\nt ! fix$1 :ite1 insipidities ( ,claude2 or :5 y c measure ! modulation & ! dep? ( t holl[ mi/1 z y c ! fl\ri%es ( ! bru% ^u ! canvas ( ,salvator1 talk ( ,turn]'s want ( tru?6 ,b let u take up simpl] & less elaborate works1 = !re is too mu* 9 ^! to admit ( be+ analyz$4 ,sec4 #ah4 ,tru?s ( outl9e & "* 9 8 ,como4 ,9 ! vignette ( ! ,lake ( ,como1 9 ,rog]s's ,italy1 ! space is s small t ! details h be5 p>tially lo/ by ! engrav]2 b en\gh rema9 to illu/rate ! great pr9ciples ( cl\d f :i* we h endeavor$ to expla94 ,obs]ve fir/ ! g5]al angul> outl9e ( ! volumes on ! left ( ! sun4 ,if y m>k ! po9ts :]e ! direction ( _! outl9e *anges1 & connect ^? po9ts by "r l9es1 ! cl\d w t\*1 b w n cut1 ^? l9es ?r\gh\t4 ,yet its cont\r is z graceful z x is full ( "*--toppl+1 ready to *ange--fragile z enorm\s--evanesc5t z colossal4 ,obs]ve h[1 :]e x crosses ! l9e ( ! sun1 x becomes lum9\s1 illu/rat+ :at has be5 obs]v$ ( ! visibility ( mi/ 9 sunlight4 ,obs]ve1 above all1 ! multiplicity ( its solid =m1 ! dep? ( its %ad[s 9 p]petual transition3 x is n r\nd & swell$1 half light & half d>k1 b full ( break+ irregul> %ad[ & transp>5cy--v>iable z ! w9d1 & melt+ imp]ceptibly above into ! haz9ess ( ! sunlight$ atmosph]e1 contra/$ 9 all its va/ =ms ) ! delicacy & ! multitude ( ! brightly t\*$ cirri4 ,no?+ c surpass ! tru? ( ?is2 ! cl\d is z gigantic 9 its simplicity z ! ,alp :i* x opposes2 b h[ v>i\s1 h[ transp>5t1 h[ inf9ite 9 its organization6 ,sec4 #ai4 ,association ( ! cirro/ratus ) ! cumulus4 ,i w\ld draw especial att5tion1 bo? "h & 9 all o!r works ( ,turn]1 to ! beautiful use ( ! l[ horizontal b>s or fields ( cl\d1 7cirro/ratus17 :i* associate !mselves s frequ5tly--m especially be=e /orms--) ! true cumulus1 float+ on its flanks1 or capp+ x1 z if x 7 a m\nta91 & seldom m+l+ ) its sub/ance1 unless 9 ! v =mation ( ra94 ,!y supply u ) "o ( ^? beautiful in/ances ( natural composition1 by :i* ! arti/ is sup]s$$ & excell$--=1 by ! occurr5ce ( ^! horizontal flakes1 ! roll+ =m ( ! cumulus is bo? oppos$ 9 its pr9cipal l9es1 & gift$ ) an app>5t solidity & va/ness1 :i* no o!r exp$i5t c\ld h exhibit$1 & :i* f> exce$ 9 awfulness ! impression ( ! noble/ m\nta9s ( ! e>?4 ,i h se5 9 ! ev5+ light ( ,italy1 ! ,alps !mselves out-t[]$ by ranges ( ^! mighty cl\ds1 alt]nately :ite 9 ! />light1 & inhabit$ by fire4 ,sec4 #bj4 ,! deep-bas$ k ( ! ,alps 9 ,turn]'s ,lake ( ,g5eva4 ,turn back to ! fir/ vignette 9 ! ,italy4 ,! angul> outl9es & v>iety ( modulation 9 ! cl\ds above ! sail1 & ! delicate atmosph]e ( morn+ into :i* !y are dissolv$ ab\t ! brea?+ hills1 require no comm5t2 b "o "p ( ?is vignette dem&s especial notice2 x is ! repetition ( ! outl9e ( ! sn[y m\nta9 by ! light cl\d above x4 ,! cause ( ?is ,i h already expla9$ 7vide page #bbh17 & its occurr5ce "h is especially valuable z be>+ witness to ! ?or\gh & sci5tific k ?r[n by ,turn] into 8 slighte/ works4 ,! ?+ _c be se5 once 9 six mon?s2 x w\ld n h be5 notic$1 mu* less introduc$ by an ord9>y arti/1 & to ! public x is a dead lett]1 or an (f5ce4 ,n9ety-n9e p]sons 9 a hundr$ w\ld n h obs]v$ ?is pale wrea? ( p>allel cl\d above ! hill1 & ! hundr$? 9 all probability says x is unnatural4 ,x requires ! mo/ intimate & accurate k ( ! ,alps be=e su* a piece ( ref9$ tru? c be und]/ood4 ,sec4 #ba4 ,fur!r pr9ciples ( cl\d =m exemplifi$ 9 8 ,amalfi4 ,at ! #baf? page we h ano!r & a new case1 9 :i* cl\ds 9 p]fect repose1 unaffect$ by w9d1 or any influ5ce b t ( _! own ela/ic =ce1 boil1 rise1 & melt 9 ! heav5 ) m approa* to globul> =m ?an "u any o!r circum/ances is possible4 ,i "n ?is vignette1 n only because x is mo/ rem>kable = ! buoyancy & ela/icity ( inw>d en]gy1 indicat$ ?r\gh ! mo/ pond]\s =ms1 & af=ds u a beautiful in/ance ( ! junction ( ! cirro/ratus ) ! cumulus1 ( :i* we h j be5 speak+ 7,sec4 #ai17 b because x is a *>act]i/ic example ( ,turn]'s use ( "o ( ! facts ( nature n hi!rto notic$1 t ! edge ( a p>tially transp>5t body is (t5 d>k] ?an its c5tral surface1 because at ! edge ! light p5etrates & passes ?r\gh1 :i* f ! c5tre is reflect$ to ! eye4 ,! %>p1 cutt+ edge ( a wave1 if n brok5 into foam1 frequ5tly appe>s = an in/ant almo/ black2 & ! outl9es ( ^! massy cl\ds1 :]e _! project+ =ms rise 9 relief aga9/ ! light ( _! bodies1 are almo/ always m>k$ cle>ly & firmly by v d>k edges4 ,h5ce we h frequ5tly1 if n con/antly1 multitud9\s =ms indicat$ only by outl9e1 giv+ "* & solidity to ! great masses ( light1 )\t tak+ away f _! bread?4 ,& ,turn] avails himself ( ^! boldly & con/antly1--outl9+ =ms ) ! bru% ( :i* no o!r indication is giv54 ,all ! grace & solidity ( ! :ite cl\d on ! "r-h& side ( ! vignette be=e u1 dep5ds ^u su* outl9es4 ,sec4 #bb4 ,reasons = insi/+ on ! inf9ity ( ,turn]'s works4 ,inf9ity is almo/ an un]r+ te/ ( all tru?4 ,z ,i be=e obs]v$ ( m]e execution1 t "o ( ! be/ te/s ( its excell5ce 0 ! expression ( inf9ity2 s x may be notic$ ) respect to ! pa9t+ ( details g5]ally1 t m diff]5ce lies betwe5 "o arti/ & ano!r1 9 ! atta9m5t ( ?is quality1 ?an 9 any o!r ( ! ef=ts ( art2 & t if we wi%1 )\t ref]5ce to beauty ( composition1 or any o!r int]f]+ circum/ances1 to =m a judgm5t ( ! tru? ( pa9t+1 p]haps ! v fir/ ?+ we %\ld look =1 :e!r 9 "o ?+ or ano!r--foliage1 or cl\ds1 or waves--%\ld be ! expression ( inf9ity always & ev]y:]e1 9 all p>ts & divisions ( p>ts4 ,= we may be q sure t :at is n inf9ite1 _c be true2 x does n1 inde$1 foll[ t :at is inf9ite1 always is true1 b x _c be altoge!r false1 = ?is simple reason2 t x is impossible = mortal m9d to compose an inf9ity ( any k9d = itself1 or to =m an idea ( p]petual v>iation1 & to avoid all repetition1 m]ely by its own comb9+ res\rces4 ,! mom5t t we tru/ to ourselves1 we repeat ourselves1 & !re=e ! mom5t we see 9 a "w ( any k9d :atsoev]1 ! expression ( inf9ity1 we may be c]ta9 t ! workman has gone to nature = x2 :ile1 on ! o!r h&1 ! mom5t we see repetition1 or want ( inf9ity1 we may be c]ta9 t ! workman has n gone to nature = x4 ,sec4 #bc4 ,in/ances ( ! total want ( x 9 ! works ( ,salvator4 ,sec4 #bd4 ,& ( ! univ]sal pres5ce ( x 9 ^? ( ,turn]4 ,! conclusions :i* may be arriv$ at f x4 ,sec4 #be4 ,! multiplication ( objects1 or increase ( _! size1 w n give ! impression ( inf9ity1 b is ! res\rce ( novices4 ,= in/ance1 9 ! picture ( ,salvator be=e notic$1 ,no4 #bbj 9 ! ,dulwi* ,gall]y1 z we see at once t ! two masses ( cl\d absolutely repeat ea* o!r 9 e "o ( _! =ms1 & t ea* is compos$ ( ab\t twelve :ite sweeps ( ! bru%1 all =m+ ! same curve1 & all ( ! same l5g?2 & z we c c\nt ^!1 & measure _! common diamet]1 & by /at+ ! same to anybody else1 convey to him a full & p]fect idea & k ( t sky 9 all its p>ts & proportions1--z we c d ?is1 we may be absolutely c]ta91 )\t ref]5ce to ! real sky1 or to any o!r "p ( nature1 )\t ev5 kn[+ :at ! :ite ?+s 7 int5d$ =1 we may be c]ta9 t !y _c possibly resemble any?+2 t :atev] !y 7 meant =1 !y c be no?+ b a viol5t contradiction ( all nature's pr9ciples & =ms4 ,:51 on ! o!r h&1 we take up su* a sky z t ( ,turn]'s ,r\51 se5 f ,/4 ,ca!r9e's ,hill1 9 ! ,riv]s ( ,france1 & f9d1 9 ! fir/ place1 t he has giv5 u a di/ance ov] ! hills 9 ! horizon1 into :i*1 :5 we are tir$ ( p5etrat+1 we mu/ turn & come back aga91 !re be+ n ! remote/ *ance ( gett+ to ! end ( x2 & :5 we see t f ?is measureless di/ance up to ! z5i?1 ! :ole sky is "o ocean ( alt]nate waves ( cl\d & light1 s bl5d$ toge!r t ! eye _c re/ on any "o )\t be+ guid$ to ! next1 & s to a hundr$ m1 till x is lo/ ov] & ov] aga9 9 e wrea?--t if x divides ! sky into qu>t]s ( in*es1 & tries to c\nt or compreh5d ! compon5t p>ts ( any s+le "o ( ^? divisions1 x is /ill z utt]ly defi$ & defeat$ by ! "p z by ! :ole--t !re is n "o l9e out ( ! millions !re :i* repeats ano!r1 n "o :i* is unconnect$ ) ano!r1 n "o :i* does n 9 itself convey hi/ories ( di/ance & space1 & sugge/ new & *angeful =m2 !n we may be all b c]ta91 ?\gh ^! =ms are too my/]i\s & too delicate = u to analyze--?\gh all is s cr[d$ & s connect$ t x is impossible to te/ any s+le "p by p>ticul> laws--yet )\t any su* te/s1 we may be sure t ?is inf9ity c only be bas$ on tru?--t x mu/ be nature1 because man c\ld n h orig9at$ x1 & t e =m mu/ be fai?ful1 because none is l ano!r4 ,& !re=e x is t ,i insi/ s con/antly on ?is great quality ( l&scape pa9t+1 z x appe>s 9 ,turn]2 because x is n m]ely a con/ant & mo/ important tru? 9 itself1 b x almo/ am\nts to a demon/ration ( e o!r tru?4 ,& x w be f\nd a f> r>] atta9m5t 9 ! works ( o!r m5 ?an is commonly suppos$1 & ! sign1 :]ev] x is really f\nd1 ( ! v highe/ art4 ,= we are apt to =get t ! greate/ numb] is no ne>] inf9ity ?an ! lea/1 if x be def9ite numb]2 & ! va/e/ bulk is no ne>] inf9ity ?an ! mo/ m9ute1 if x be def9ite bulk2 s t a man may multiply 8 objects =ev] & ev]1 & be no ne>] inf9ity ?an he _h rea*$ ) "o1 if he d n v>y !m & confuse !m2 & a man may rea* inf9ity 9 e t\* & l9e1 & "p1 & unit1 if 9 ^! he be tru?fully v>i\s & obscure4 ,& we %all f9d1 ! m we exam9e ! works ( ! old ma/]s1 t always1 & 9 all p>ts1 !y are totally want+ 9 e feel+ ( inf9ity1 & !re=e 9 all tru?3 & ev5 9 ! works ( ! mod]ns1 ?\gh ! aim is f> m j1 we %all frequ5tly p]ceive an errone\s *oice ( means1 & a sub/itution ( m]e numb] or bulk = real inf9ity4 ,sec4 #bf4 ,f>!r in/ances ( inf9ity 9 ! gray skies ( ,turn]4 ,& !re=e1 9 conclud+ our notice ( ! c5tral cl\d region1 ,i %\ld wi% to dwell p>ticul>ly on ^? skies ( ,turn]'s1 9 :i* we h ! :ole space ( ! heav5 cov]$ ) ! delicate dim flakes ( ga!r+ vapor1 :i* are ! int]m$iate l9k betwe5 ! c5tral region & t ( ! ra9-cl\d1 & :i* assemble & gr[ out ( ! air2 %utt+ up ! heav5 ) a gray int]wov5 veil1 be=e ! approa* ( /orm1 fa9t1 b univ]sal1 lett+ ! light ( ! upp] sky pass pallidly ?r\gh _! body1 b nev] r5d+ a passage = ! ray4 ,we h ! fir/ approa* & ga!r+ ( ?is k9d ( sky mo/ glori\sly giv5 9 ! vignette at page #aae ( ,rog]s's ,italy1 :i* is "o ( ! mo/ p]fect pieces ( feel+ 7if ,i may transgress my usual rules = an in/ant7 extant 9 art1 ow+ to ! extreme gr&eur & /]n simplicity ( ! /range & om9\s =ms ( level cl\d beh9d ! build+4 ,9 t at page #bbc1 !re are passages ( ! same k9d1 ( exce$+ p]fection4 ,! sky ?r\gh :i* ! dawn is break+ 9 ! ,voyage ( ,columbus1 & t ) ! ,moonlight "u ! ,rialto1 9 ,rog]s's ,poems1 ! skies ( ! ,be?lehem1 & ! ,pyramids 9 ,f9d5's ,bible s]ies1 & among ! ,academy pictures1 t ( ! ,h]o & ,le&]1 & ,flight into ,egypt1 are *>act]i/ic & noble examples1 z f> z any individual works c be *>act]i/ic ( ! univ]sality ( ?is mighty m9d4 ,i ought n to =get ! magnific5t solemnity & fulness ( ! wrea?s ( ga!r+ d>kness 9 ! ,folke/one4 ,sec4 #bg4 ,! excell5ce ( ! cl\d-draw+ ( ,/anfield4 ,sec4 #bh4 ,! av]age /&+ ( ! ,engli% s*ool4 ,we mu/ n pass f ! consid]ation ( ! c5tral cl\d region )\t notic+ ! g5]al high quality ( ! cl\d-draw+ ( ,/anfield4 ,he is limit$ 9 8 range1 & is apt 9 ext5sive compositions to repeat himself1 nei!r is he ev] v ref9$2 b 8 cl\d-=m is firmly & fe>lessly *isell$1 ) p]fect k1 ?\gh usually ) "s want ( feel+4 ,z f> z x goes1 x is v gr& & v ta/eful1 beautifully develop$ 9 ! space ( its solid p>ts & full ( action4 ,next to ,turn]1 he is incomp>ably ! noble/ ma/] ( cl\d-=m ( all our arti/s2 9 fact1 he is ! only "o among !m :o really c draw a cl\d4 ,= x is a v diff]5t ?+ to rub out an irregul> :ite space neatly ) ! h&k]*ief1 or to leave a bright little bit ( pap] 9 ! middle ( a wa%1 & to give ! real anatomy ( cl\d-=m ) p]fect articulation ( *i>oscuro4 ,we h multitudes ( pa9t]s :o c ?r[ a light bit ( /raggl+ vapor across _! sky1 or leave 9 x delicate & t5d] passages ( break+ light2 b ?is is a v diff]5t ?+ f tak+ up ea* ( ^? bits or passages1 & giv+ x /ructure1 & p>ts1 & solidity4 ,! eye is satisfi$ ) exce$+ly little1 z an indication ( cl\d1 & a few clev] sweeps ( ! bru% on wet pap] may give all t x requires2 b ?is is n draw+ cl\ds1 nor w x ev] appeal fully & deeply to ! m9d1 except :5 x occurs only z a "p ( a high] sy/em4 ,& !re is n "o ( our mod]n arti/s1 except ,/anfield1 :o c d mu* m ?an ?is4 ,z soon z !y attempt to lay detail ^u _! cl\ds1 !y appe> to get bewild]$1 =get t !y are deal+ ) =ms regulat$ by precisely ! same simple laws ( light & %ade z m sub/antial matt]1 ov]*>ge _! color1 confuse _! %ad[s & d>k sides1 & end 9 m]e ragg$ confusion4 ,i believe ! evil arises f _! nev] attempt+ to r5d] cl\ds except ) ! bru%2 o!r objects1 at "s p]iod ( /udy1 !y take up ) ! *alk or lead1 & s le>n some?+ ( _! =m2 b !y appe> to consid] cl\ds z altoge!r dep5d5t on cobalt & camel's hair1 & s nev] und]/& any?+ ( _! real anatomy4 ,b :atev] ! cause1 ,i _c po9t to any c5tral cl\ds ( ! mod]ns1 except ^? ( ,turn] & ,/anfield1 z really %[+ mu* k (1 or feel+ =1 nature1 ?\gh all are sup]ior to ! conv5tional & n>r[ conceptions ( ! anci5ts4 ,we are all "r z f> z we g1 our "w may be incomplete1 b x is n false2 & x is f> bett]1 f> less injuri\s to ! m9d1 t we %\ld be little attract$ to ! sky1 & taught to be satisfi$ ) a light sugge/ion ( tru?ful =m1 ?an t we %\ld be drawn to x by viol5tly pron\nc$ outl9e & int5se color1 to f9d 9 its f9i%$ falsehood ev]y?+ to displease or to mislead--to hurt our feel+s1 if we h f\ndation = !m1 & corrupt !m1 if we h none4 ,,footnotes #cb ,"h ,i include ev5 ! great ones--ev5 ,titian & ,v]onese1--except+ only ,t9toret & ! religi\s s*ools4 #cc ,engrav$ 9 ,f9del's ,bible ,illu/rations4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,( ,,tru? ,,( ,,cl\ds3 ,,?irdly1 ,,( ,,! ,,region ,,( ,,! ,,ra9-,,cl\d4 ,sec4 #a4 ,! app>5t diff]5ce 9 "* betwe5 ! l[] & c5tral cl\ds is dep5d5t *iefly on proximity4 ,! cl\ds :i* ,i wi% to consid] z *>act]i/ic ( ! l[]1 or ra9y region1 diff] n s mu* 9 _! real nature f ^? ( ! c5tral & upp]mo/ regions1 z 9 appe>ance1 ow+ to _! great] ne>ness4 ,= ! c5tral cl\ds1 & p]haps ev5 ! high cirri1 deposit moi/ure1 if n di/9ctly ra91 z is suffici5tly prov$ by ! exi/5ce ( sn[ on ! highe/ peaks ( ! ,himaleh2 & :51 on any su* m\nta9s1 we are br\ght into close contact ) ! c5tral cl\ds1#cd we f9d !m little diff]+ f ! ord9>y ra9-cl\d ( ! pla9s1 except by be+ slightly less d5se & d>k4 ,b ! app>5t diff]5ces1 dep5d5t on proximity1 are mo/ m>k$ & important4 ,sec4 #b4 ,_! m>k$ diff]5ce 9 color4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! cl\ds ( ! c5tral region h1 z has be5 be=e obs]v$1 pure & a]ial grays = _! d>k sides1 ow+ to _! necess>y di/ance f ! obs]v]2 & z ?is di/ance p]mits a multitude ( local ph5om5a capable ( influ5c+ color1 su* z accid5tal sunbeams1 refractions1 transp>5cies1 or local mi/s & %[]s1 to be collect$ into a space comp>atively small1 ! colors ( ^! cl\ds are always *angeful & palpitat+2 & :atev] degree ( gray or ( gloom may be mix$ ) !m is inv>iably pure & a]ial4 ,b ! ne>ness ( ! ra9-cl\d r5d]+ x impossible = a numb] ( ph5om5a to be at once visible1 makes its hue ( gray monoton\s1 & 7by los+ ! blue ( di/ance7 w>m & br[n comp>$ to t ( ! upp] cl\ds4 ,?is is especially rem>kable on any "p ( x :i* may happ5 to be illum9$1 :i* is ( a br[n1 bricky1 o*re\s tone1 nev] bright1 always com+ 9 d>k outl9e on ! lights ( ! c5tral cl\ds4 ,b x is seldom t ?is takes place1 & :5 x does1 nev] ov] l>ge spaces1 little be+ usually se5 ( ! ra9-cl\d b its "u & d>k side4 ,?is1 :5 ! cl\d above is d5se1 becomes ( an inky & cold gray1 & sulphure\s & lurid if !re be ?und] 9 ! air4 ,sec4 #c4 ,& 9 def9it5ess ( =m4 ,sec4 #d4 ,!y are subject to precisely ! same great laws4 ,) ^! /rik+ diff]5ces 9 color1 x pres5ts no few] nor less important 9 =m1 *iefly f los+ almo/ all def9it5ess ( "* & outl9e4 ,x is sometimes no?+ m ?an a ?9 mi/1 ^: outl9e _c be trac$1 r5d]+ ! l&scape locally indi/9ct or d>k2 if its outl9e be visible1 x is ragg$ & torn2 r a spray ( cl\d1 tak5 (f its edge & sift$ by ! w9d1 ?an an edge ( ! cl\d itself4 ,9 fact1 x r p>takes ( ! nature1 & assumes ! appe>ance1 ( real wat] 9 ! /ate ( spray1 ?an ( ela/ic vapor4 ,?is appe>ance is enhanc$ by ! usual pres5ce ( =m$ ra91 c>ri$ along ) x 9 a column> =m1 ord9>ily1 ( c\rse1 rea*+ ! gr\nd l a veil1 b v (t5 susp5d$ ) ! cl\d1 & hang+ f x l a jagg$ fr+e1 or ov] x 9 light1 ra9 be+ always light] ?an ! cl\d x falls f4 ,^! columns1 or fr+es1 ( ra9 are (t5 wav$ & b5t by ! w9d1 or twi/$1 sometimes ev5 swept upw>ds f ! cl\d4 ,! velocity ( ^! vapors1 ?\gh n necess>ily 9 reality great] ?an t ( ! c5tral cl\ds1 appe>s great]1 ow+ to _! proximity1 &1 ( c\rse1 also to ! usual pres5ce ( a m viol5t w9d4 ,!y are also app>5tly mu* m 9 ! p[] ( ! w9d1 hav+ less ela/ic =ce 9 !mselves2 b !y are precisely subject to ! same great laws ( =m :i* regulate ! upp] cl\ds4 ,!y are n solid bodies borne ab\t ) ! w9d1 b !y c>ry ! w9d ) !m1 & cause x4 ,e "o kn[s1 :o has ev] be5 out 9 a /orm1 t ! "t :5 x ra9s heavie/ is precisely ! "t :5 he _c hold up 8 umbrella2 t ! w9d is c>ri$ ) ! cl\d1 & lulls :5 x has pass$4 ,e "o :o has ev] se5 ra9 9 a hill c\ntry1 kn[s t a ra9-cl\d1 l any o!r1 may h all its p>ts 9 rapid motion1 & yet1 z a :ole1 rema9 9 "o spot4 ,i rememb] once1 :5 9 cross+ ! ,tete ,noire1 ,i _h turn$ up ! valley t[>ds ,tri5t1 ,i notic$ a ra9-cl\d =m+ on ! ,glaci] de ,tri5t4 ,) a we/ w9d1 x proce$$ t[>ds ! ,col de ,balme1 be+ foll[$ by a prolong$ wrea? ( vapor1 always =m+ exactly at ! same spot ov] ! glaci]4 ,?is long1 s]p5t-l l9e ( cl\d w5t on at a great rate till x rea*$ ! valley lead+ d[n f ! ,col de ,balme1 "u ! slate rocks ( ! ,croix de ,f]4 ,!re x turn$ %>p r\nd1 & came d[n ?is valley1 at "r angles to its =m] progress1 & f9ally directly contr>y to x1 till x came d[n )9 five hundr$ feet ( ! village1 :]e x disappe>$2 ! l9e beh9d always advanc+1 & always disappe>+1 at ! same spot4 ,?is cont9u$ = half an h\r1 ! long l9e describ+ ! curve ( a horse%oe2 always com+ into exi/5ce1 & always vani%+ at exactly ! same places2 trav]s+ ! space betwe5 ) enorm\s swiftness4 ,?is cl\d1 t5 miles (f1 w\ld h look$ l a p]fectly motionless wrea?1 9 ! =m ( a horse%oe1 hang+ ov] ! hills4 ,sec4 #e4 ,value1 to ! pa9t]1 ( ! ra9-cl\d4 ,sec4 #f4 ,! old ma/]s h n left a s+le in/ance ( ! pa9t+ ( ! ra9-cl\d1 & v few ef=ts at x4 ,gasp> ,p\ss9's /orms4 ,to ! region ( ! ra9-cl\d belong also all ^? ph5om5a ( drift$ smoke1 heat-haze1 local mi/s 9 ! morn+ or ev5+2 9 valleys1 or ov] wat]1 mirage1 :ite /eam+ vapor ris+ 9 evaporation f moi/ & op5 surfaces1 & ev]y?+ :i* visibly affects ! condition ( ! atmosph]e )\t actually assum+ ! =m ( cl\d4 ,^! ph5om5a are z p]petual 9 all c\ntries z !y are beautiful1 & af=d by f> ! mo/ effective & valuable means :i* ! pa9t] possesses1 = modification ( ! =ms ( fix$ objects4 ,! upp] cl\ds are di/9ct & comp>atively opaque1 !y d n modify1 b conceal2 b ?r\gh ! ra9-cl\d1 & its accessory ph5om5a1 all t is beautiful may be made manife/1 & all t is hurtful conceal$2 :at is paltry may be made to look va/1 & :at is pond]\s1 a]ial2 my/]y may be obta9$ )\t obscurity1 & decoration )\t disguise4 ,&1 accord+ly1 nature h]self uses x con/antly1 z "o ( h] *ief means ( mo/ p]fect effect2 n 9 "o c\ntry1 nor ano!r1 b ev]y:]e--ev]y:]e2 at lea/1 :]e !re is any?+ wor? call+ l&scape4 ,i _c answ] = ! des]t ( ! ,sah>a1 b ,i "k t !re c be no great] mi/ake1 ?an suppos+ t delicate & v>iable effects ( mi/ & ra9-cl\d are peculi> to nor!rn climates4 ,i h nev] se5 9 any place or c\ntry effects ( mi/ m p]fect ?an 9 ! ,campagna ( ,rome1 & among ! hills ( ,sorr5to4 ,x is !re=e matt] ( no little m>vel to me1 & ,i conceive t x c sc>cely be o!rwise to any reflect+ p]son1 t ?r\gh\t ! :ole range ( anci5t l&scape art1 !re occurs no in/ance ( ! pa9t+ ( a real ra9-cl\d1 /ill less ( any ( ! m delicate ph5om5a *>act]i/ic ( ! region4 ,/orms inde$1 z ! innoc5t public p]si/ 9 call+ su* abuses ( nature & abortions ( art z ! two w9dy ,gasp>s 9 our ,national ,gall]y1 are common en\gh2 massive concretions ( ink & indigo1 wrung & twi/$ v h>d1 app>5tly 9 a va9 ef=t to get "s moi/ure out ( !m2 be>+ up c\rage\sly & successfully aga9/ a w9d1 ^: effects on ! trees 9 ! =egr\nd c be acc\nt$ = only on ! supposition t !y are all ( ! ,india-rubb] species4 ,en\gh ( ?is 9 all consci5ce1 we h1 & to sp>e2 b = ! legitimate ra9-cl\d1 ) its ragg$ & spray-l edge1 its veilly transp>5cy1 & its column> burd5 ( bless+1 nei!r x1 nor any?+ l x1 or approa*+ x1 occurs 9 any pa9t+ ( ! old ma/]s t ,i h ev] se52 & ,i h se5 en\gh to w>rant my affirm+ t if x occur any:]e1 x mu/ be ?r\gh accid5t r ?an int5tion4 ,nor is !re /rong] evid5ce ( any p]ception1 on ! "p ( ^! mu* respect$ arti/s1 t !re 7 su* ?+s 9 ! _w z mi/s or vapors4 ,if a cl\d "u _! direction ev] t\*es a m\nta91 x does x effectually & z if x meant to d x4 ,!re is no my/ify+ ! matt]2 "h is a cl\d1 & !re is a hill2 if x is to come on at all1 x comes on to "s purpose1 & !re is no hope ( its ev] go+ (f aga94 ,we h1 !re=e1 little to say ( ! ef=ts ( ! old ma/]s1 9 any sc5es :i* might naturally h be5 connect$ ) ! cl\ds ( ! l[e/ region1 except t ! faults ( =m specifi$ 9 consid]+ ! c5tral cl\ds1 are1 by way ( be+ en]getic or sublime1 m gl>+ly & audaci\sly committ$ 9 _! /orms2 & t :at is a wrong =m among cl\ds possess+ =m1 is !re giv5 ) increas$ g5]osity ( fiction to cl\ds :i* h no =m at all4 ,sec4 #g4 ,! great p[] ( ! mod]ns 9 ?is respect4 ,sec4 #h4 ,works ( ,copley ,field+4 ,sec4 #i4 ,8 peculi> tru?4 ,sec4 #aj4 ,8 weakness & its probable cause4 ,suppos+ t we _h no?+ to %[ 9 mod]n art1 ( ! region ( ! ra9-cl\d1 b ! da% ( ,cox1 ! blot ( de ,w9t1 or ev5 ! ord9>y /ormy skies ( ! body ( our inf]ior wat]-color pa9t]s1 we might yet laugh all ef=ts ( ! old ma/]s to utt] scorn4 ,b "o among our wat]-color arti/s1 des]ves especial notice--be=e we asc5d ! /eps ( ! solit>y ?rone--z hav+ done 9 8 peculi> walk1 :at = fai?ful & pure tru?1 tru? inde$ ( a limit$ range & un/udi$ application1 b yet mo/ fai?ful & mo/ pure1 w rema9 unsurpass$ if n unrivall$1--,copley ,field+4 ,we are well aw>e h[ mu* ( :at he has done dep5ds 9 a great degree ^u p>ticul> tricks ( execution1 or on a labor some:at too me*anical to be m]itori\s2 t x is r ! texture ?an ! plan ( 8 sky :i* is to be admir$1 & t ! great] "p ( :at is pleasurable 9 x w fall r "u ! head ( dext]\s imitation ?an ( def9ite ?\ght4 ,b :atev] detractions f 8 m]it we may be compell$ to make on ^! gr\nds1 9 consid]+ art z ! embody+ ( beauty1 or ! *annel ( m9d1 x is impossible1 :5 we are speak+ ( tru? only1 to pass by 8 d[n sc5es & moorl& %[]s1 ( "s ye>s ago1 9 :i* he produc$ "s ( ! mo/ p]fect & faultless passages ( mi/ & ra9-cl\d :i* art has ev] se54 ,wet1 transp>5t1 =mless1 full ( motion1 felt r by _! %ad[s on ! hills ?an by _! pres5ce 9 ! sky1 becom+ d>k only ?r\gh increas$ dep? ( space1 mo/ transluc5t :]e mo/ sombre1 & light only ?r\gh increas$ buoyancy ( motion1 lett+ ! blue ?r\gh _! int]/ices1 & ! sunlight ?r\gh _! *asms1 ) ! irregul> playfulness & traceless gradation ( nature h]self1 8 skies w rema91 z long z _! colors /&1 among ! mo/ simple1 unadult]at$1 & complete transcripts ( a p>ticul> nature :i* art c po9t to4 ,_h he pa9t$ five in/ead ( five hundr$ su*1 & gone on to o!r s\rces ( beauty1 he might1 !re c be little d\bt1 h be5 "o ( our greate/ arti/s4 ,b x (t5 grieves u to see h[ 8 p[] is limit$ to a p>ticul> mom5t1 to t easie/ mom5t = imitation1 :5 k ( =m may be sup]s$$ by managem5t ( ! bru%1 & ! judgm5t ( ! colori/ by ! manufacture ( a color2 ! mom5t :5 all =m is melt$ d[n & drift$ away 9 ! desc5d+ veil ( ra91 & :5 ! v>iable & fitful colors ( ! heav5 are lo/ 9 ! monoton\s gray ( its /orm tones4#ce ,we c only acc\nt = ?is by suppos+ t !re is some?+ radically wrong 9 8 me?od ( /udy2 = a man ( 8 evid5t dep? ( feel+ & pure love ( tru? ought n to be1 _c be1 except f "s /range error 9 8 mode ( out-(-door practice1 ?us limit$ 9 8 range1 & liable to decl9e ( p[]4 ,we h little d\bt t almo/ all su* failures arise f ! arti/'s neglect+ ! use ( ! *alk1 & suppos+ t ei!r ! p[] ( draw+ =ms1 or ! s5se ( _! beauty1 c be ma9ta9$ unweak5$ or unblunt$1 )\t con/ant & labori\s /udies 9 simple light & %ade1 ( =m only4 ,! bru% is at once ! arti/'s greate/ aid & enemy2 x enables him to make 8 p[] available1 b at ! same "t1 x und]m9es 8 p[]1 & unless x be con/antly reject$ = ! p5cil1 nev] c be rightly us$4 ,b :atev] ! ob/acle be1 we d n d\bt t x is "o :i*1 once se51 may be ov]come or remov$2 & we are 9 ! con/ant hope ( see+ ?is f9ely-m9d$ arti/ %ake (f 8 le?>gy1 break ! %ackles ( habit1 seek 9 ext5d$ & "r /udy ! s\rces ( real p[]1 & become1 :at we h full fai? 9 8 capability ( be+1 "o ( ! lead+ arti/s ( 8 "t4 ,sec4 #aa4 ,impossibility ( reason+ on ! ra9-cl\ds ( ,turn] f engrav+s4 ,9 pass+ to ! works ( our greate/ mod]n ma/]1 x mu/ be premis$ t ! qualities :i* con/itute a mo/ ess5tial "p ( ! tru? ( ! ra9-cl\d1 are 9 no degree to be r5d]$ by engrav+4 ,its indef9it5ess ( torn & transp>5t =m is f> beyond ! p[] ( ev5 our be/ engrav]s3 ,i d n say beyond _! possible p[]1 if !y w\ld make !mselves arti/s z well z workm51 b f> beyond ! p[] !y actually possess2 :ile ! dep? & delicacy ( ! grays :i* ,turn] employs or produces1 z well z ! ref9em5t ( 8 execution1 are1 9 ! nature ( ?+s1 utt]ly beyond all imitation by ! opaque & lifeless d>kness ( ! /eel4 ,:at we say ( 8 works1 !re=e1 mu/ be und]/ood z ref]r+ only to ! orig9al draw+s2 ?\gh we may "n "o or two in/ances 9 :i* ! engrav] has1 to a c]ta9 degree1 succe$$ 9 di/antly foll[+ ! int5tion ( ! ma/]4 ,sec4 #ab4 ,8 r5d]+ ( ,field+'s p>ticul> mom5t 9 ! ,jumieges4 ,sec4 #ac4 ,illu/ration ( ! nature ( cl\ds 9 ! oppos$ =ms ( smoke & /eam4 ,jumieges1 9 ! ,riv]s ( ,france1 ought p]haps1 aft] :at we h said ( ,field+1 to be our fir/ object ( att5tion1 because x is a r5d]+ by ,turn] ( ,field+'s p>ticul> mom5t1 & ! only "o exi/+1 = ,turn] nev] repeats himself4 ,"o picture is allott$ to "o tru?2 ! /atem5t is p]fectly & glori\sly made1 & he passes on to speak ( a fre% portion ( ,god's revelation4#cf ,! haze ( sunlit ra9 ( ?is mo/ magnific5t picture1 ! gradual retirem5t ( ! d>k wood into its dep?1 & ! sp>kl+ & evanesc5t light :i* s5ds its v>iable fla%es on ! abbey1 figures1 foliage1 & foam1 require no comm5t--!y speak home at once4 ,b !re is add$ to ?is noble composition an incid5t :i* may s]ve u at once = a f>!r illu/ration ( ! nature & =ms ( cl\d1 & = a f9al pro( h[ deeply & philosophically ,turn] has /udi$ !m4 ,we h on ! "r ( ! picture1 ! /eam & ! smoke ( a pass+ /eamboat4 ,n[ /eam is no?+ b an artificial cl\d 9 ! process ( dissipation2 x is z mu* a cl\d z ^? ( ! sky itself1 t is1 a quantity ( moi/ure r5d]$ visible 9 ! air by imp]fect solution4 ,accord+ly1 obs]ve h[ exquisitely irregul> & brok5 are its =ms1 h[ %>p & spray-l2 b ) all ! facts obs]v$ :i* 7 po9t$ out 9 ,*ap4 ,,ii4 ( ?is ,section1 ! convex side to ! w9d1 ! %>p edge on t side1 ! o!r s(t & lo/4 ,smoke1 on ! contr>y1 is an actual sub/ance exi/+ indep5d5tly 9 ! air1 a solid opaque body1 subject to no absorption nor dissipation b t ( t5uity4 ,obs]ve its volumes2 !re is no break+ up nor disappe>+ "h2 ! w9d c>ries its ela/ic globes be=e x1 b does n dissolve nor break !m4#cg ,equally convex & void ( angles on all sides1 !y are ! exact repres5tatives ( ! cl\ds ( ! old ma/]s1 & s]ve at once to %[ ! ignorance & falsehood ( ^! latt]1 & ! accuracy ( /udy :i* has guid$ ,turn] to ! tru?4 ,sec4 #ad4 ,mom5t ( retir+ ra9 9 ! ,llan?ony4 ,f ?is picture we %\ld pass to ! ,llan?ony1#ch :i* is ! r5d]+ ( ! mom5t imm$iately foll[+ t giv5 9 ! ,jumieges4 ,! %[] is "h half exhau/$1 half pass$ by1 ! la/ drops are rattl+ fa9tly ?r\gh ! glimm]+ hazel b\ghs1 ! :ite torr5t1 swell$ by ! sudd5 /orm1 fl+s up its ha/y jets ( spr++ spray to meet ! return+ light2 & ^!1 z if ! heav5 regrett$ :at x _h giv51 & 7 tak+ x back1 pass1 z !y leap1 into vapor1 & fall n aga91 b vani% 9 ! %afts ( ! sunlight#ci--;hurry+1 fitful1 w9d-wov5 sunlight--:i* glides ?r\gh ! ?ick leaves1 & paces along ! pale rocks l ra92 half conqu]+1 half qu5*$ by ! v mi/s :i* x summons itself f ! light$ pa/ures z x passes1 & ga!rs out ( ! droop+ h]bage & f ! /ream+ crags2 s5d+ !m ) messages ( peace to ! f> summits ( ! yet unveil$ m\nta9s ^: sil5ce is /ill brok5 by ! s\nd ( ! ru%+ ra94 ,sec4 #ae4 ,& ( comm5c+1 *os5 ) peculi> mean+ = ,lo* ,corisk94 ,) ?is noble "w we %\ld comp>e "o ( :i* we c bett] judge by ! engrav+--! ,lo* ,corisk91 9 ! illu/rations to ,scott1 because x introduces u to ano!r & a mo/ rem>kable in/ance ( ! arti/'s va/ & v>i$ k4 ,:5 ra9 falls on a m\nta9 compos$ *iefly ( b>r5 rocks1 _! surfaces1 be+ viol5tly heat$ by ! sun1 ^: mo/ int5se w>m? always prec$es ra91 occasion sudd5 & viol5t evaporation1 actually conv]t+ ! fir/ %[] into /eam4 ,consequ5tly1 ^u all su* hills1 on ! comm5cem5t ( ra91 :ite volumes ( vapor are in/antane\sly & univ]sally =m$1 :i* rise1 are absorb$ by ! atmosph]e1 & aga9 desc5d 9 ra91 to rise 9 fre% volumes until ! surfaces ( ! hills are cool$4 ,:]e !re is grass or vegetation1 ?is effect is dim9i%$2 :]e !re is foliage x sc>cely takes place at all4 ,n[ ?is effect has evid5tly be5 especially *os5 by ,turn] = ,lo* ,corisk91 n only because x enabl$ him to relieve its jagg$ =ms ) veil+ vapor1 b to tell ! tale :i* no p5cill+ c\ld1 ! /ory ( its utt] absolute b>r5ness ( unli*5$1 dead1 desolat$ rock3-- ,! wilde/ gl51 b ?is1 c %[ ,"s t\* ( nature's g5ial gl[1 ,on high ,b5more gre5 mosses gr[1 ,& hea?-bells bud 9 deep ,gl5coe4 ,& copse on ,cru*an ,b52 ,b "h1 above1 ar\nd1 bel[1 ,on m\nta91 or 9 gl51 ,nor tree1 nor plant1 nor %rub1 nor fl[]1 ,nor aught ( vegetative p[]1 ,! we>i$ eye may k52 ,b all its rocks at r&om ?r[n1 ,black waves1 b>e crags1 & banks ( /one4 ,,"l ,,( ,,! ,,isles1 ,canto ,,iii ,"h1 aga91 we see ! absolute necessity ( sci5tific & entire acqua9tance ) nature1 be=e ?is great arti/ c be und]/ood4 ,t :i*1 to ! ignorant1 is little m ?an an unnatural & mean+less confusion ( /eam-l vapor1 is to ! exp]i5c$ su* a full & p]fect expression ( ! "* ( ! spot1 z no means ( art c\ld h o!rwise giv54 ,sec4 #af4 ,! draw+ ( transp>5t vapor 9 ! ,l&'s ,end4 ,sec4 #ag4 ,! individual "* ( its p>ts4 ,9 ! ,long ,%ips ,ligh?\se1 ,l&'s ,end1 we h cl\ds )\t ra9--at twilight--envelop+ ! cliffs ( ! coa/1 b conceal+ no?+1 e outl9e be+ visible ?r\gh _! gloom2 & n only ! outl9e--= x is easy to d ?is--b ! surface4 ,! bank ( rocky coa/ approa*es ! spectator in* by in*1 felt cle>] & cle>] z x )draws f ! g>m5t ( cl\d--n by edges m & m def9$1 b by a surface m & m unveil$4 ,we h ?us ! pa9t+1 n ( a m]e transp>5t veil1 b ( a solid body ( cl\d1 e in* ( ^: increas+ di/ance is m>k$ & felt4 ,b ! great wond] ( ! picture is ! int5sity ( gloom :i* is atta9$ 9 pure w>m gray1 )\t ei!r blackness or blu5ess4 ,x is a gloom1 dep5d5t r on ! enorm\s space & dep? indicat$1 ?an on actual pit* ( color1 di/ant by real draw+1 )\t a gra9 ( blue1 d>k by real sub/ance1 )\t a /roke ( blackness2 & ) all ?is1 x is n =mless1 b full ( indications ( "*1 wild1 irregul>1 %att]$1 & indef9ite--full ( ! en]gy ( /orm1 fi]y 9 ha/e1 & yet fl++ back out ( its motion ! fitful swirls ( b\nd+ drift1 ( tortur$ vapor toss$ up l m5's h&s1 z 9 defiance ( ! tempe/1 ! jets ( result+ :irlw9d1 hurl$ back f ! rocks into ! face ( ! com+ d>kness2 :i*1 beyond all o!r *>act]s1 m>k ! rais$ passion ( ! elem5ts4 ,x is ?is untraceable1 unconnect$1 yet p]petual =m--?is fulness ( "* absorb$ 9 ! univ]sal en]gy--:i* di/+ui% nature & ,turn] f all _! imitators4 ,to roll a volume ( smoke be=e ! w9d1 to indicate motion or viol5ce by monoton\s simil>ity ( l9e & direction1 is = ! multitude2 b to m>k ! indep5d5t passion1 ! tumultu\s sep>ate exi/5ce ( e wrea? ( wri?+ vapor1 yet swept away & ov]p[]$ by "o omnipot5ce ( /orm1 & ?us to bid u ,be z a ,pres5ce or a motion--"o ,among ! _m !re----:ile ! mi/s ,fly+1 & ra9y vapors1 call out %apes ,& phantoms f ! crags & solid e>?1 ,z fa/ z a musician scatt]s s\nds ,out ( an in/rum5t1-- ?is belongs only to nature & to him4 ,sec4 #ah4 ,deep /udi$ =m ( swift ra9-cl\d 9 ! ,cov5try4 ,sec4 #ai4 ,comp>$ ) =ms giv5 by ,salvator4 ,! draw+ ( ,cov5try may be p>ticul>iz$ z a f>!r example ( ?is f9e sugge/ion ( irregul>ity & fitfulness1 ?r\gh v con/ant p>allelism ( direction1 bo? 9 ra9 & cl\ds4 ,! great mass ( cl\d1 :i* trav]ses ! :ole picture1 is *>act]iz$ ?r\gh\t by sev]e "r l9es1 ne>ly p>allel ) ea* o!r1 into :i* e "o ( its wrea?s has a t5d5cy to range itself2 b no "o ( ^! "r l9es is actually & entirely p>allel to any o!r1 ?\gh all h a c]ta9 t5d5cy1 m or less def9$ 9 ea*1 :i* impresses ! m9d ) ! mo/ di/9ct idea ( p>allelism4 ,nei!r are any ( ! l9es actually /raight & unbrok52 on ! contr>y1 !y are all made up ( ! mo/ exquisite & v>i$ curves1 & x is ! imag9$ l9e :i* jo9s ! apices ( ^!--a tang5t to !m all1 :i* is 9 reality /raight4#dj ,!y are sugge/$1 n repres5t$1 "r l9es2 b ! :ole volume ( cl\d is visibly & totally b\nd$ by !m2 &1 9 consequ5ce1 its :ole body is felt to be dragg$ out & elongat$ by ! =ce ( ! tempe/ :i* x c>ries ) x1 & e "o ( its wrea?s to be 7z 0 be=e expla9$7 n s mu* some?+ borne be=e or by ! w9d1 z ! visible =m & pres5ce ( ! w9d itself4 ,we c\ld n possibly po9t out a m magnific5t piece ( draw+ z a contra/ to su* works ( ,salvator z t be=e allud$ to 7#aei ,dulwi* ,gall]y74 ,bo? are roll+ masses ( connect$ cl\d2 b 9 ,turn]'s1 !re is n "o curve t repeats ano!r1 nor "o curve 9 itself monoton\s1 nor )\t "*1 & yet e "p & portion ( ! cl\d is rigidly subject$ to ! same =w>d1 fi]ce1 inevitable influ5ce ( /orm4 ,9 ,salvator's1 e curve repeats its neighbor1 e curve is monoton\s 9 itself1 & yet ! :ole cl\d is curl+ ab\t hi!r & ?i!r1 evid5tly )\t ! slighte/ notion :]e x is go+ to1 & unregulat$ by any g5]al influ5ce :atsoev]4 ,i c\ld n br+ toge!r two f9] or m in/ructive examples1 ! "o ( ev]y?+ t is p]fect1 ! o!r ( ev]y?+ t is *ildi% or abom9able1 9 ! repres5tation ( ! same facts4 ,sec4 #bj4 ,entire expression ( tempe/ by m9ute t\*es & circum/ances 9 ! ,cov5try4 ,b !re is yet m to be notic$ 9 ?is noble sky ( ,turn]'s4 ,n only are ! l9es ( ! roll+ cl\d ?us irregul> 9 _! p>allelism1 b ^? ( ! fall+ ra9 are equally v>i$ 9 _! direction1 indicat+ ! gu/y *angefulness ( ! w9d1 & yet kept s /raight & /]n 9 _! individual desc5t1 t we are n suff]$ to =get its /r5g?4 ,?is impression is /ill f>!r enhanc$ by ! draw+ ( ! smoke1 :i* bl[s e way at once1 yet turn+ p]petually 9 ea* ( its swirls back 9 ! direction ( ! w9d1 b s sudd5ly & viol5tly1 z almo/ to assume ! angul> l9es ( lightn+4 ,f>!r1 to complete ! impression1 be x obs]v$ t all ! cattle1 bo? ^u ! ne> & di/ant hill-side1 h left (f graz+1 & are /&+ /ock /ill & /iff1 ) _! heads d[n & _! backs to ! w9d2 & f9ally1 t we may be told n only :at ! /orm is1 b :at x has be51 ! gutt] at ! side ( ! road is gu%+ 9 a complete torr5t1 & p>ticul> att5tion is direct$ to x by ! full bur/ ( light 9 ! sky be+ br\ght j above x1 s t all its waves are bright ) ! reflection4 ,sec4 #ba4 ,especially by contra/ ) a passage ( extreme repose4 ,b ,i h n q done ) ?is noble picture yet4 ,impetu\s cl\ds1 twi/$ ra91 flick]+ sun%9e1 fleet+ %ad[1 gu%+ wat]1 & oppress$ cattle1 all speak ! same /ory ( tumult1 fitfulness1 p[]1 & velocity4 ,only "o ?+ is want$1 a passage ( repose to contra/ ) x all1 & x is giv54 ,high & f> above ! d>k volumes ( ! swift ra9-cl\d1 are se5 on ! left1 ?r\gh _! op5+1 ! quiet1 horizontal1 sil5t flakes ( ! highe/ cirrus1 re/+ 9 ! repose ( ! deep sky4 ,( all else t we h notic$ 9 ?is draw+1 "s fa9t idea c be =m$ f ! engrav+3 b n ! slighte/ ( ! delicate & s(t =ms ( ^! paus+ vapors1 & /ill less ( ! exquisite dep? & palpitat+ t5d]ness ( ! blue ) :i* !y are isl&$4 ,engrav]s1 inde$1 inv>iably lose ! effect ( all passages ( cold color1 "u ! mi/ak5 idea t x is to be kept pale 9 ord] to indicate di/ance2 :]eas x ought commonly to be d>k] ?an ! re/ ( ! sky4 ,sec4 #bb4 ,! tru? ( ?is p>ticul> passage4 ,p]fectly pure blue sky only se5 aft] ra91 & h[ se54 ,sec4 #bc4 ,abs5ce ( ?is effect 9 ! works ( ! old ma/]s4 ,to appreciate ! full tru? ( ?is passage1 we mu/ und]/& ano!r effect peculi> to ! ra9-cl\d1 t its op5+s exhibit ! pure/ blue :i* ! sky ev] %[s4 ,=1 z we saw 9 ! fir/ *apt] ( ?is section1 t aque\s vapor always turns ! sky m or less gray1 x foll[s t we nev] c see ! azure s int5se z :5 ! great] "p ( ?is vapor has j fall5 9 ra94 ,!n1 & !n only1 pure blue sky becomes visible 9 ! fir/ op5+s1 di/+ui%$ especially by ! mann] 9 :i* ! cl\ds melt into x2 _! edges pass+ (f 9 fa9t :ite ?reads & fr+es1 ?r\gh :i* ! blue %9es m & m int5sely1 till ! la/ trace ( vapor is lo/ 9 its p]fect color4 ,x is only ! upp] :ite cl\ds1 h[ev]1 :i* d ?is1 or ! la/ fragm5ts ( ra9-cl\ds1 becom+ :ite z !y disappe>1 s t ! blue is nev] corrupt$ by ! cl\d1 b only pal$ & brok5 ) pure :ite1 ! pure/ :ite :i* ! sky ev] %[s4 ,?us we h a melt+ & palpitat+ color1 nev] ! same = two in*es toge!r1 deep5+ & broad5+ "h & !re into int5sity ( p]fect azure1 !n drift$ & dy+ away ?r\gh e tone ( pure pale sky1 into ! sn[ :ite ( ! filmy cl\d4 ,ov] ?is roll ! det]m9$ edges ( ! ra9-cl\ds1 ?r[+ x all f> back1 z a retir$ sc5e1 into ! upp] sky4 ,( ?is effect ! old ma/]s1 z f> z ,i rememb]1 h tak5 no cognizance :atsoev]2 all ) !m is1 z we p>tially notic$ be=e1 ei!r :ite cl\d or pure blue3 !y h no notion ( any d\ble-deal+ or middle measures4 ,!y bore a hole 9 ! sky1 & let y up into a pool ( deep1 /agnant blue1 m>k$ (f by ! cle> r\nd edges ( imp]turbable1 imp5etrable cl\d on all sides--beautiful 9 positive color1 b totally de/itute ( t exquisite gradation & *ange1 t fleet+1 pant+1 hesitat+ ef=t1 ) :i* ! fir/ glance ( ! natural sky is %$ ?r\gh ! turbul5ce ( ! e>?-/orm4 ,sec4 #bd4 ,success ( our wat]-color arti/s 9 its r5d]+4 ,use ( x by ,turn]4 ,!y h "s excuse1 h[ev]1 = n attempt+ ?is1 9 ! nature ( _! mat]ial1 z "o accid5tal da% ( ! bru% ) wat]-color on a piece ( wet or damp pap]1 w come ne>] ! tru? & transp>5cy ( ?is ra9-blue ?an ! labor ( a day 9 oils2 & ! purity & felicity ( "s ( ! c>eless1 melt+ wat]-color skies ( ,cox & ,tayl] may well make u fa/idi\s 9 all effects ( ?is k9d4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 only 9 ! draw+s ( ,turn] t we h ?is p]fect transp>5cy & v>iation ( blue1 giv5 9 association ) ! p]fection ( consid]$ =m4 ,9 ,tayl] & ,cox ! =ms are always p>tially accid5tal & unconsid]$1 (t5 ess5tially bad1 & always incomplete2 9 ,turn] ! da% ( ! bru% is z completely "u ! rule ( ?\ght & feel+ z its sl[e/ l9e2 all t x does is p]fect1 & c\ld n be alt]$1 ev5 9 a hairbread?1 )\t injury2 9 addition to ?is1 peculi> managem5t & execution are us$ 9 obta9+ quality 9 ! color itself1 totally diff]5t f ! manipulation ( any o!r arti/2 & none1 :o h ev] sp5t s mu* z "o h\r ( _! lives ov] 8 draw+1 c =get ^? dim passages ( dreamy blue1 b>r$ & sev]$ ) a ?\s& delicate & s(t & sn[y =ms1 :i*1 gleam+ 9 _! pati5ce ( hope betwe5 ! tr\bl$ ru%+ ( ! rack$ e>?-cl\d1 melt f>!r & f>!r back into ! height ( heav51 until ! eye is bewild]$ & ! he>t lo/ 9 ! int5sity ( _! peace4 ,i d n say t ?is is beautiful--,i d n say x is ideal1 nor ref9$--,i only ask y to wat* = ! fir/ op5+ ( ! cl\ds aft] ! next s\? ra91 & tell me if x be n true8 ,sec4 #be4 ,expression ( ne> ra9-cl\d 9 ! ,gosport1 & o!r works4 ,sec4 #bf4 ,contra/$ ) ,gasp> ,p\ss9's ra9-cl\d 9 ! ,dido & ,a5eas4 ,! ,gosport af=ds u an in/ance m exquisite ev5 ?an ! passage above nam$ 9 ! ,cov5try1 ( ! use ( ?is melt+ & dewy blue1 accompani$ by two di/ances ( ra9-cl\d1 "o t[]+ ov] ! horizon1 se5 blue ) excessive di/ance ?r\gh cry/al atmosph]e2 ! o!r break+ ov]head 9 ! w>m1 sulphur\s fragm5ts ( spray1 ^: loose & %att]+ transp>5cy1 be+ ! mo/ ess5tial *>act]i/ic ( ! ne> ra9-cl\d1 is precisely t :i* ! old ma/]s are sure to contradict4 ,look1 = in/ance1 at ! wrea?s ( cl\d8 9 ! ,dido & ,a5eas ( ,gasp> ,p\ss91 ) _! unpleasant edges cut z h>d & solid & opaque & smoo? z ?ick black pa9t c make !m1 roll$ up ov] "o ano!r l a dirty sail badly reef$2 or look at ! agreeable transp>5cy & v>iety ( ! cl\d-edge :]e x cuts ! ,m\nta9 9 ,n4 ,p\ss9's ,phocion1 & comp>e ?is ) ! wrea?s :i* float across ! precipice 9 ! second vignette 9 ,campbell1 or :i* ga!r ar\nd ! ,b5 ,lomond1 ! :ite ra9 gleam+ b5ea? _! d>k transp>5t %ad[s2 or :i* drift up along ! flanks ( ! wood$ hills1 call$ f ! riv] by ! morn+ light1 9 ! ,oakhampton2 or :i* isl& ! crags ( ,sn[don 9 ! ,llanb]is1 or melt along ! ,cumb]l& hills1 :ile ,turn] leads u across ! s&s ( ,morecambe ,bay4 ,?is la/ draw+ des]ves especial notice2 x is ( an ev5+ 9 spr+1 :5 ! s\? ra9 has ceas$ at sunset1 & ?r\gh ! lull$ & gold5 air1 ! confus$ & fanta/ic mi/s float up along ! holl[s ( ! m\nta9s1 :ite & pure1 ! resurrection 9 _s ( ! new-fall5 ra91 cat*+ %ad[s f ! precipices1 & mock+ ! d>k peaks ) _! own m\nta9-l b melt+ =ms till ! solid m\nta9s seem 9 motion l ^? waves ( cl\d1 em]g+ & vani%+ z ! weak w9d passes by _! summits2 :ile ! blue1 level night advances along ! sea1 & ! surg+ break]s leap up to cat* ! la/ light f ! pa? ( ! sunset4 ,illu/ration3 ,,okehampton ,,ca/le4 ,f a pa9t+ by ,turn]4 ,sec4 #bg4 ,turn]'s p[] ( r5d]+ mi/4 ,sec4 #bh4 ,8 effects ( mi/ s p]fect1 t if n at once und]/ood1 !y c no m be expla9$ or reason$ on ?an nature h]self4 ,i ne$ n1 h[ev]1 insi/ ^u ,turn]'s peculi> p[] ( r5d]+ mi/1 & all ^? passages ( int]m$iate my/]y1 betwe5 e>? & air1 :5 ! m\nta9 is melt+ into ! cl\d1 or ! horizon into ! twilight2 because 8 supremacy 9 ^! po9ts is altoge!r undisput$1 except by p]sons to :om x w\ld be impossible to prove any?+ :i* did n fall "u ! =m ( a ,rule ( ,?ree4 ,no?+ is m natural ?an t ! /udi$ =m & color ( ?is great arti/ %\ld be little und]/ood1 because !y require = ! full p]ception ( _! mean+ & tru?1 su* k & su* "t z n "o 9 a ?\s& possesses1 or c be/[2 b yet ! tru? ( !m = t v reason is capable ( demon/ration1 & !re is hope ( our be+ able to make x 9 "s degree felt & compreh5d$ ev5 by ^? to :om x is n[ a dead lett]1 or an (f5ce4 ,b ! a]ial & mi/y effects ( l&scape1 be+ matt]s ( :i* ! eye %\ld be simply cognizant1 & )\t ef=t ( ?\ght1 z x is ( light1 mu/1 :]e !y are exquisitely r5d]$1 ei!r be felt at once1 or prove t degree ( bl9dness & bluntness 9 ! feel+s ( ! obs]v] :i* !re is little hope ( ev] conqu]+4 ,( c\rse = p]sons :o h nev] se5 9 _! lives a cl\d vani%+ on a m\nta9-side1 & ^: conceptions ( mi/ or vapor are limit$ to ambigu\s outl9es ( spectral hackney-coa*es & bodiless lamp-po/s1 disc]n ?r\gh a br[n comb9ation ( sulphur1 soot1 & gaslight1 !re is yet "s hope2 we _c1 inde$1 tell !m :at ! morn+ mi/ is l 9 m\nta9 air1 b f> be x f u to tell !m t !y are incapable ( feel+ its beauty if !y w seek x = !mselves4 ,b if y h ev] 9 y\r life _h "o opportunity ) y\r eyes & he>t op51 ( see+ ! dew rise f a hill-pa/ure1 or ! /orm ga!r on a sea-cliff1 & if y h yet no feel+ = ! glori\s passages ( m+l$ e>? & heav5 :i* ,turn] calls up be=e y into brea?+1 tangible be+1 !re is inde$ no hope = y\r apa?y--art w nev] t\* y1 nor nature in=m4 ,sec4 #bi4 ,v>i\s in/ances4 ,x w\ld be utt]ly absurd1 among ! innum]able passages ( ?is k9d giv5 ?r\gh\t 8 works1 to po9t to "o z m *>act]i/ic or m p]fect ?an ano!r4 ,! ,simm] ,lake1 ne> ,askrig1 = expression ( mi/ p]vad$ ) sunlight1--! ,lake ,luc]ne1 a rec5t & un5grav$ draw+1 = ! recession ( ne> m\nta9 =m1 n into d>k1 b into lum9\s cl\d1 ! mo/ difficult ?+ to d 9 art1--! ,h>le*1 = expression ( ! same ph5om5a1 %[n ov] va/ spaces 9 di/ant ranges ( hills1 ! ,ehr5breit/e91 a rec5t draw+1 = expression ( mi/1 ris+ f ! surface ( wat] at sunset1--&1 f9ally1 ! glori\s ,ob]wesel & ,nemi1#da = passages ( all unit$1 may1 h[ev]1 be nam$1 z noble in/ances1 ?\gh 9 nam+ five works ,i insult five hundr$4 ,sec4 #cj4 ,turn]'s m viol5t effects ( tempe/ are nev] r5d]$ by engrav]s4 ,sec4 #ca4 ,g5]al sy/em ( l&scape engrav+4 ,sec4 #cb4 ,! /orm 9 ! ,/oneh5ge4 ,"o ^w respect+ ,turn]'s m viol5t /orms1 = we h hi!rto be5 speak+ only ( ! s(t] ra9-cl\ds1 associat$ ) gu/y tempe/1 b n ( ! ?und]-cl\d & ! :irlw9d4 ,if !re be any "o po9t 9 :i* engrav]s disgrace !mselves m ?an 9 ano!r1 x is 9 _! r5d]+ ( d>k & furi\s /orm4 ,x appe>s to be utt]ly impossible to =ce x into _! heads1 t an arti/ does n leave 8 color ) a %>p edge & an angul> =m by accid5t1 or t !y may h ! pleasure ( alt]+ x & improv+ ^u x2 & equally impossible to p]suade !m t en]gy & gloom may 9 "s circum/ances be arriv$ at )\t any extraord9>y exp5diture ( ink4 ,i am aw>e ( no engrav] ( ! pres5t day ^: ideas ( a /orm-cl\d are n compris$ "u two heads1 r\ndness & blackness2 &1 inde$1 _! g5]al pr9ciples ( translation 7z may be di/9ctly ga!r$ f _! l>g] works7 are ! foll[+3 #a4 ,:]e ! draw+ is gray1 make ! pap] black4 #b4 ,:]e ! draw+ is :ite1 cov] ! page ) zigzag l9es4 #c4 ,:]e ! draw+ has p>ticul>ly t5d] tones1 cross-hat* !m4 #d4 ,:]e any outl9e is p>ticul>ly angul>1 make x r\nd4 #e4 ,:]e !re are v]tical reflections 9 wat]1 express !m ) v di/9ct horizontal l9es4 #f4 ,:]e !re is a passage ( p>ticul> simplicity1 treat x 9 sections4 #g4 ,:]e !re is any?+ int5tionally conceal$1 make x out4 ,yet1 9 spite ( ! necessity :i* all engrav]s impose ^u !mselves1 ( rigidly obs]v+ ?is code ( g5]al laws1 x is difficult to conceive h[ su* pieces ( "w1 z ! plates ( ,/oneh5ge & ,w9*elsea1 c ev] h be5 pres5t$ to ! public1 z 9 any way resembl+1 or possess+ ev5 ! mo/ fanciful relation to ! ,turn] draw+s ( ! same subjects4 ,! orig9al ( ! ,/oneh5ge is p]haps ! /&>d ( /orm-draw+1 bo? = ! ov]:elm+ p[] & gigantic proportions & spaces ( its cl\d-=ms1 & = ! trem5d\s qualities ( lurid & sulphur\s colors :i* are ga9$ 9 !m4 ,all its =ms are m>k$ ) viol5t angles1 z if ! :ole muscul> en]gy--s to speak--( ! cl\d1 7 wri?+ 9 e fold1 & _! fanta/ic & fi]y volumes h a peculi> horror--an awful life--%ad[$ out 9 _! /range1 swift1 fe>ful outl9es1 :i* oppress ! m9d m ?an ev5 ! ?reat5+ ( _! gigantic gloom4 ,! :ite lightn+1 n z x is drawn by less obs]vant or less capable pa9t]s1 9 zigzag =tifications1 b 9 its own dreadful irregul>ity ( /ream+ fire1 is br\ght d[n1 n m]ely ov] ! d>k cl\ds1 b ?r\gh ! full light ( an illum9$ op5+ to ! blue1 :i* yet _c abate ! brilliancy ( its :ite l9e2 & ! track ( ! la/ fla% along ! gr\nd is fe>fully m>k$ by ! dog h[l+ ov] ! fall5 %eph]d1 & ! ewe press+ h] head ^u ! body ( h] dead lamb4 ,sec4 #cc4 ,g5]al "* ( su* effects giv5 by ,turn]4 ,8 expression ( fall+ ra94 ,i h n space1 h[ev]1 to ent] into exam9ation ( ,turn]'s /orm-draw+2 ,i c only w>n ! public aga9/ suppos+ t its effect is ev] r5d]$ by engrav]s4 ,! great pr9ciples ( ,turn] are angul> outl9e1 va/ness & en]gy ( =m1 inf9ity ( gradation1 & dep? )\t blackness4 ,! great pr9ciples ( ! engrav]s 7vide ,pae/um1 9 ,rog]s's ,italy1 & ! ,/oneh5ge1 above allud$ to7 are r\nd$ outl9e1 no edges1 want ( "*1 equality ( /r5g?1 & blackness )\t dep?4 ,sec4 #cd4 ,recapitulation ( ! section4 ,i h sc>cely1 ,i see1 on ref]r+ to :at ,i h writt51 suffici5tly insi/$ on ,turn]'s r5d]+ ( ! ra9y fr+e1 :e!r 9 di/ances1 admitt+ or conceal+ m or less ( ! ext5d$ pla91 z 9 ! ,wat]loo1 & ,ri*mond 7) ! girl & dog 9 ! =egr\nd17 or z 9 ! ,dun/affnage1 ,gl5coe1 ,/4 ,mi*ael's ,m\nt1 & ,slave ,%ip1 n rea*+ ! e>?1 b susp5d$ 9 wav+ & twi/$ l9es f ! d>kness ( ! z5i?4 ,b ,i h no "t = f>!r developm5t ( p>ticul> po9ts2 ,i mu/ def] discussion ( !m until we take up ea* picture to be view$ z a :ole2 = ! division ( ! sky :i* ,i h be5 oblig$ to make1 9 ord] to r5d] fully und]/ood ! peculi>ities ( "* 9 ! sep>ate cl\d regions1 prev5ts my speak+ ( any "o "w ) ju/ice to its conc5tration ( v>i\s tru?4 ,be x always rememb]$ t we pret5d n1 at pres5t1 to give any acc\nt or idea ( ! sum ( ! works ( any pa9t]1 mu* less ( ! univ]sality ( ,turn]'s2 b only to expla9 9 :at real tru?1 z f> z x is explicable1 consi/s1 & to illu/rate x by ^? pictures 9 :i* x mo/ di/9ctly occurs1 or f :i* x is mo/ visibly abs5t4 ,& x w only be 9 ! full & sep>ate discussion ( individual works1 :5 we are acqua9t$ also ) :at is beautiful1 t we %all be completely able to prove or disprove ! pres5ce ( ! tru? ( nature4 ,! conclusion1 !n1 to :i* we are l$ by our pres5t exam9ation ( ! tru? ( cl\ds1 is1 t ! old ma/]s attempt$ ! repres5tation ( only "o among ! ?\s&s ( _! sy/ems ( sc5]y1 & 7 altoge!r false 9 ! little !y attempt$2 :ile we c f9d records 9 mod]n art ( e =m or ph5om5on ( ! heav5s1 f ! highe/ film t glorifies ! e!r to ! wilde/ vapor t d>k5s ! du/1 & 9 all ^! records we f9d ! mo/ cle> language & close ?\ght1 firm words1 & true message1 un/9t$ fulness & unfail+ fai?4 ,sec4 #ce4 ,sket* ( a few ( ! skies ( nature1 tak5 z a :ole1 comp>$ ) ! works ( ,turn] & ( ! old ma/]s4 ,morn+ on ! pla9s4 ,sec4 #cf4 ,noon ) ga!r+ /orms4 ,sec4 #cg4 ,sunset 9 tempe/4 ,s]5e midnight4 ,sec4 #ch4 ,& sunrise on ! ,alps4 ,& inde$ x is difficult = u to conceive h[1 ev5 )\t su* labori\s inve/igation z we h gone ?r\gh1 any p]son c g to nature = a s+le day or h\r1 :5 %e is really at "w 9 any ( h] nobl] sph]es ( action1 & yet reta9 respect = ! old ma/]s2 f9d+1 z f9d he w1 t e sc5e :i* rises1 re/s1 or dep>ts be=e him1 be>s ) x a ?\s& glories ( :i* !re is n "o %ad[1 "o image1 "o trace or l9e1 9 any ( _! works2 b :i* w illu/rate to him1 at e new in/ant1 "s passage :i* he _h n be=e und]/ood 9 ! high works ( mod]n art4 ,/& ^u ! peak ( "s isolat$ m\nta9 at daybreak1 :5 ! night mi/s fir/ rise f (f ! pla9s1 & wat* _! :ite & lake-l fields z !y float 9 level bays & w9d+ gulfs ab\t ! isl&$ summits ( ! l[] hills1 unt\*$ yet by m ?an dawn1 cold] & m quiet ?an a w9dless sea "u ! moon ( midnight2 wat* :5 ! fir/ sunbeam is s5t ^u ! silv] *annels1 h[ ! foam ( _! undulat+ surface p>ts & passes away2 & d[n "u _! dep?s1 ! glitt]+ city & gre5 pa/ure lie l ,atlantis1 betwe5 ! :ite pa?s ( w9d+ riv]s2 ! flakes ( light fall+ e mom5t fa/] & broad] among ! />ry spires1 z ! wrea!d surges break & vani% above !m1 & ! confus$ cre/s & ridges ( ! d>k hills %ort5 _! gray %ad[s ^u ! pla94 ,has ,claude giv5 ?is8 ,wait a little long]1 & y %all see ^? scatt]$ mi/s rally+ 9 ! rav9es1 & float+ up t[>ds y1 along ! w9d+ valleys1 till !y c\* 9 quiet masses1 iridesc5t ) ! morn+ light1#db ^u ! broad brea/s ( ! high] hills1 ^: leagues ( massy undulation w melt back & back into t robe ( mat]ial light1 until !y fade away1 lo/ 9 its lu/re1 to appe> aga9 above1 9 ! s]5e heav51 l a wild1 bright1 impossible dream1 f\ndationless & inaccessible1 _! v bases vani%+ 9 ! unsub/antial & mock+ blue ( ! deep lake bel[4#dc ,has ,claude giv5 ?is8 ,wait yet a little long]1 & y %all see ^? mi/s ga!r !mselves into :ite t[]s1 & /& l =tresses along ! promontories1 massy & motionless1 only pil$ ) e in/ant high] & high] into ! sky1#dd & ca/+ long] %ad[s a?w>t ! rocks2 & out ( ! pale blue ( ! horizon y w see =m+ & advanc+ a troop ( n>r[1 d>k1 po9t$ vapors1#de :i* w cov] ! sky1 in* by in*1 ) _! gray network1 & take ! light (f ! l&scape ) an eclipse :i* w /op ! s++ ( ! birds & ! motion ( ! leaves toge!r2 & !n y w see horizontal b>s ( black %ad[ =m+ "u !m1 & lurid wrea?s create !mselves1 y "k n h[1 along ! %\ld]s ( ! hills2 y nev] see !m =m1 b :5 y look back to a place :i* 0 cle> an in/ant ago1 !re is a cl\d on x1 hang+ by ! precipices1 z a hawk pauses ov] 8 prey4#df ,has ,claude giv5 ?is8 ,& !n y w he> ! sudd5 ru% ( ! awak5$ w9d1 & y w see ^? wat*-t[]s ( vapor swept away f _! f\ndations1 & wav+ curta9s ( opaque ra9 let d[n to ! valleys1 sw++ f ! burd5$ cl\ds 9 black1 b5d+ fr+es1#dg or pac+ 9 pale columns along ! lake level1 graz+ its surface into foam z !y g4 ,& !n1 z ! sun s9ks1 y %all see ! /orm drift = an in/ant f on ! hills1 leav+ _! broad sides smok+1 & load$ yet ) sn[-:ite torn1 /eam-l rags ( caprici\s vapor1 n[ gone1 n[ ga!r$ aga92#dh :ile ! sm\ld]+ sun1 seem+ n f> away1 b burn+ l a r$-hot ball beside y1 & z if y c\ld rea* x1 plunges ?r\gh ! ru%+ w9d & roll+ cl\d ) headlong fall1 z if x meant to rise no m1 dye+ all ! air ab\t x ) blood4#di ,has ,claude giv5 ?is8 ,& !n y %all he> ! fa9t+ tempe/ die 9 ! holl[ ( ! night1 & y %all see a gre5 halo k9dl+ on ! summit ( ! ea/]n hills1#ej bright]--bright] yet1 till ! l>ge :ite circle ( ! sl[ moon is lift$ up among ! b>r$ cl\ds1#ea /ep by /ep1 l9e by l9e2 /> aft] /> %e qu5*es ) h] k9dl+ light1 sett+ 9 _! /ead an army ( pale1 p5etrable1 fleecy wrea?s 9 ! heav51 to give light ^u ! e>?1 :i* move toge!r1 h& 9 h&1 company by company1 troop by troop1 s measur$ 9 _! unity ( motion1 t ! :ole heav5 seems to roll ) !m1 & ! e>? to reel "u !m4 ,ask ,claude1 or 8 bre?r51 = t4 ,& !n wait yet = "o h\r until ! ea/ aga9 becomes purple1#eb & ! heav+ m\nta9s1 roll+ aga9/ x 9 d>kness1 l waves ( a wild sea1 are dr[n$ "o by "o 9 ! glory ( its burn+2 wat* ! :ite glaci]s blaze 9 _! w9d+ pa?s ab\t ! m\nta9s1 l mighty s]p5ts ) scales ( fire2 wat* ! column> peaks ( solit>y sn[1 k9dl+ d[nw>ds1 *asm by *asm1 ea* 9 itself a new morn+2 _! long avalan*es ca/ d[n 9 ke5 /reams bright] ?an ! lightn+1 s5d+ ea* 8 tribute ( driv5 sn[1 l alt>-smoke1 up to ! heav52 ! rose-light ( _! sil5t domes flu%+ t heav5 ab\t !m & above !m1 pi]c+ ) pur] light ?r\gh its purple l9es ( lift$ cl\d1 ca/+ a new glory on e wrea? z x passes by1 until ! :ole heav5--"o sc>let canopy1--is int]wov5 ) a ro( ( wav+ flame1 & toss+1 vault beyond vault1 z ) ! drift$ w+s ( _m companies ( angels2 & !n1 :5 y c look no m = gladness1 & :5 y are b[$ d[n ) fe> & love ( ! ,mak] & ,do] ( ?is1 tell me :o has be/ deliv]$ ?is ,8 message unto m56 ,,footnotes #cd ,i am unable to say to :at height ! real ra9-cl\d may ext5d2 p]haps !re are no m\nta9s :i* rise altoge!r above /orm4 ,i h nev] be5 9 a viol5t /orm at a great] height ?an betwe5 #hjjj & #ijjj feet above ! level ( ! sea4 ,!re ! ra9-cl\d is exce$+ly light1 comp>$ to ! pond]\s d>kness ( ! l[] air4 #ce ,i ought "h1 h[ev]1 to h not$ ano!r effect ( ! ra9-cl\d1 :i*1 s f> z ,i "k1 has be5 r5d]$ only by ,copley ,field+4 ,x is se5 *iefly 9 cl\ds ga!r+ = ra91 :5 ! sky is entirely cov]$ ) a gray veil rippl$ or wav$ ) p5d5t swells ( s(t texture1 b excessively h>d & l9y 9 _! edges4 ,i am n sure t ?is is an agreeable or impressive =m ( ! ra9-cl\d1 b x is a frequ5t "o1 & x is (t5 mo/ fai?fully giv5 by ,field+2 only 9 "s cases ! edges becom+ a little d\bl$ & h>% h giv5 a look ( failure or misadv5ture to "s ev5 ( ! be/ /udi$ passages2 & some?+ ( ! same h>dness ( l9e is occasionally visible 9 8 draw+ ( cl\ds by ^: nature x is n w>rant$4 #cf ,comp>e ,sect4 ,i4 ,*ap4 ,,iv4 ,sec4 #e4 #cg ,x does n d s until ! volumes lose _! d5sity by inequality ( motion1 & by ! expansion ( ! w>m air :i* conveys !m4 ,!y are !n1 ( c\rse1 brok5 into =ms resembl+ ^? ( cl\ds4 #ch ,no conception c be =m$ ( ?is picture f ! engrav+4 ,x is p]haps ! mo/ m>vell\s piece ( execution & ( gray color exi/+1 except p]haps ! draw+ pres5tly to be notic$1 ,l&'s ,end4 ,no?+ else c be set beside x1 ev5 ( ,turn]'s own works--mu* less ( any o!r man's4 #ci ,i "k no effect m /rik+ly *>act]i/ic ( ! dep>ture ( a /orm ?an ! smok+ ( ! m\nta9 torr5ts4 ,! exhau/$ air is s ?ir/y ( moi/ure1 t e jet ( spray is seiz$ ^u by x1 & conv]t$ into vapor z x spr+s2 & ?is vapor rises s d5sely f ! surface ( ! /ream z to give x ! exact appe>ance ( boil+ wat]4 ,i h se5 ! :ole c\rse ( ! ,arve at ,*amonix "o l9e ( d5se cl\d1 dissipat+ z soon z x _h ris5 t5 or twelve feet f ! surface1 b entirely conceal+ ! wat] f an obs]v] plac$ above x4 #dj ,note especially ! d>k upp]mo/ outl9e ( ! mass4 #da ,9 ! possession ( ,b4 ,g4 ,w9dus1 ,esq4 ( ,tott5ham4 #db ,i h (t5 se5 ! :ite ?91 morn+ cl\d1 edg$ ) ! sev5 colors ( ! prism4 ,i am n aw>e ( ! cause ( ?is ph5om5on1 = x takes place n :5 we /& ) our backs to ! sun1 b 9 cl\ds ne> ! sun itself1 irregul>ly & ov] indef9ite spaces1 sometimes tak+ place 9 ! body ( ! cl\d4 ,! colors are di/9ct & vivid1 b h a k9d ( metallic lu/re ^u !m4 #dc ,lake ,luc]ne4 #dd ,/4 ,maurice 7,rog]s's ,italy74 #de ,vignette1 ! ,great ,/4 ,b]n>d4 #df ,vignette ( ! ,&es4 #dg ,/4 ,mi*ael's ,m\nt--,engl& s]ies4 #dh ,illu/ration to ! ,antiqu>y4 ,goldeau1 a rec5t draw+ ( ! highe/ ord]4 #di ,vignette to ,campbell's ,la/ ,man4 #ej ,ca]lav]ock4 #ea ,/4 ,d5is4 #eb ,alps at ,daybreak 7,rog]s's ,poems37 ,delphi1 & v>i\s vignettes4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,effects ,,( ,,light ,,r5d]$ ,,by ,,mod]n ,,art4 ,sec4 #a4 ,reasons = m]ely at pres5t nam+1 )\t exam9+ ! p>ticul> effects ( light r5d]$ by ,turn]4 ,sec4 #b4 ,hopes ( ! au?or = assi/ance 9 ! future inve/igation ( !m4 ,i h be=e giv5 my reasons 7,sect4 ,,ii4 ,*ap4 ,,iii47 = n wi%+ at pres5t to ent] ^u ! discussion ( p>ticul> effects ( light4 ,n only are we incapable ( rightly view+ !m1 or reason+ ^u !m1 until we are acqua9t$ ) ! pr9ciples ( ! beautiful2 b1 z ,i di/9ctly limit$ myself1 9 ! pres5t portion ( ! "w1 to ! exam9ation ( g5]al tru?s1 x w\ld be out ( place to take cognizance ( ! p>ticul> phases ( light1 ev5 if x 7 possible to d s1 be=e we h "s m def9ite k ( ! mat]ial objects :i* !y illu/rate4 ,i %all !re=e1 at pres5t1 m]ely set d[n a r\gh catalogue ( ! effects ( light at diff]5t h\rs ( ! day1 :i* ,turn] has repres5t$3 nam+ a picture or two1 z an example ( ea*1 :i* we w h]eaft] take up "o by "o1 & consid] ! physical sci5ce & ! feel+ toge!r4 ,& ,i d ?is1 9 ! hope t1 9 ! mean "t1 "s admir] ( ! old ma/]s w be k9d en\gh to select f ! works ( any "o ( !m1 a s]ies ( examples ( ! same effects1 & to give me a ref]5ce to ! pictures1 s t ,i may be able to comp>e ea* ) ea*2 =1 z my limit$ k ( ! works ( ,claude or ,p\ss9 does n supply me ) ! requisite v>iety ( effect1 ,i %all be grateful = assi/ance4 ,! foll[+ li/1 ( c\rse1 does n "n ! hundr$? "p ( ! effects ( light giv5 by ,turn]2 x only names ^? :i* are di/9ctly & m>k$ly sep>ate f ea* o!r1 & repres5tative ea* ( an entire class4 ,t5 or twelve examples1 (t5 _m m1 might be giv5 ( ea*2 e "o ( :i* w\ld display ! effects ( ! same h\r & light1 modifi$ by diff]5t circum/ances ( wea!r1 situation1 & "* ( objects subject$ to !m1 & especially by ! managem5t ( ! sky2 b x w be g5]ally suffici5t = our purposes to exam9e ?or\ghly "o good example ( ea*4 ,! prefix$ lett]s express ! direction ( ! light4 ,f4 front light 7! sun 9 ! c5tre1 or ne> ! top ( ! picture27 ,l4 lat]al light1 ! sun out ( ! picture on ! "r or left ( ! spectator2 ,l4 ,f4 ! light p>tly lat]al1 p>tly front+ ! spectator1 z :5 he is look+ s\?1 ) ! sun 9 ! s\?-we/2 ,l4 ,b4 light p>tly lat]al1 p>tly beh9d ! spectator1 z :5 he is look+ nor?1 ) ! sun 9 ! s\?-we/4 ,,morn+4 ,,effects4 ,,names ,,( ,,pictures4 ,l4 ,an h\r be=e sunrise 9 w9t]4 ,viol5t ,l[e/(fe1 ,suffolk4 /orm1 ) ra91 on ! sea4 ,light-h\ses se5 ?r\gh x4 ,f4 ,an h\r be=e sunrise4 ,s]5e sky1 ) ,vignette to ,voyage light cl\ds4 ,dawn 9 ! di/ance4 ( ,columbus4 ,l4 ,t5 m9utes be=e sunrise4 ,viol5t ,f[ey ,h>bor4 /orm4 ,tor*light4 ,f4 ,sunrise4 ,sun only half above ! horizon4 ,vignette to ,human ,cle> sky1 ) light cirri4 ,life4 ,f4 ,sun j dis5gag$ f horizon4 ,mi/y1 ,alps at ,daybreak4 ) light cirri4 ,f4 ,sun a qu>t] ( an h\r ris54 ,sky cov]$ ,ca/le ,upnor4 ) sc>let cl\ds4 ,l4,f4 ,s]5e sky4 ,sun em]g+ f a bank ,or=d1 ,suffolk4 ( cl\d on horizon1 a qu>t] ( an h\r ris54 ,l4,f4 ,same h\r4 ,light mi/s 9 flakes on ,skiddaw4 hill-sides4 ,cle> air4 ,l4,f4 ,light fly+ ra9-cl\ds ga!r+ 9 ,oakhampton4 valleys4 ,same h\r4 ,l4,b4 ,same h\r4 ,a night /orm ris+ (f ! ,lake ( ,g5eva4 m\nta9s4 ,dead calm4 ,l4 ,sun half an h\r ris54 ,cl\dless sky4 ,beaug5cy4 ,l4 ,same h\r4 ,light mi/s ly+ 9 ! valleys4 ,kirby ,lonsdale4 ,f4 ,same h\r4 ,bright cirri4 ,sun dimly se5 ,hoh5l9d54 ?r\gh battle smoke1 ) conflagration4 ,l4 ,sun an h\r ris54 ,cl\dless & cle>4 ,buckfa/leigh4 ,,noon ,,& ,,aft]noon4 ,,effects4 ,,names ,,( ,,pictures4 ,l4,b4 ,midday4 ,dead calm1 ) heat4 ,cl\dless4 ,cor9?4 ,l4 ,same h\r4 ,s]5e & bright1 ) ,lant]n at /reaky cl\ds4 ,/4 ,cl\d4 ,l4 ,same h\r4 ,s]5e1 ) multitudes ( ,%ylock1 & o!r ! high cirrus4 ,v5ices4 ,l4 ,bright sun1 ) light w9d & cl\ds4 ,ri*mond1 ,middlesex4 ,f4 ,two o'clock4 ,cl\ds ga!r+ = ra91 ) ,w>wick4 ,bl5heim4 heat4 ,f4 ,ra9 beg9n+1 ) light cl\ds & w9d4 ,piac5za4 ,l4 ,s(t ra91 ) heat4 ,caldron ,sn\t ,fall4 ,l4,f4 ,great heat4 ,?und] ga!r+4 ,malv]n4 ,l4 ,?und] break+ d[n1 aft] int5se heat1 ,w9*elsea4 ) furi\s w9d4 ,l4 ,viol5t ra9 & w9d1 b cool4 ,llamb]is1 ,cov5try1 c4 ,l4,f4 ,furi\s /orm1 ) ?und]4 ,/oneh5ge1 ,pae/um1 c4 ,l4,b4 ,?und] retir+1 ) ra9b[4 ,dead calm1 ,nott+ham4 ) heat4 ,l4 ,ab\t ?ree o'clock1 summ]4 ,air v ,b+54 cool & cle>4 ,exhau/$ ?und]-cl\ds l[ on hills4 ,f4 ,desc5d+ sunbeams ?r\gh s(t cl\ds1 ,c>ew ,ca/le4 aft] ra94 ,l4 ,aft]noon1 v cle>1 aft] ra94 ,a few ,salta%4 cl\ds /ill on horizon4 ,dead calm4 ,f4 ,aft]noon ( cl\dless day1 ) heat4 ,m]cury & ,argus4 ,ob]wesel4 ,nemi4 ,,ev5+4 ,,effects4 ,,names ,,( ,,pictures4 ,l4 ,an h\r be=e sunset4 ,cl\dless4 ,trematon ,ca/le4 ,f4 ,half an h\r be=e sunset4 ,light cl\ds4 ,lake ,albano4 ,mi/y air4 ,flor5ce4 ,f4 ,)9 a qu>t] ( an h\r ( sunset4 ,dat] ,hora ,quieti4 ,mi/s ris+4 ,light cirri4 ,l4,f4 ,t5 m9utes be=e sunset4 ,q cl\dless4 ,durham4 ,f4 ,same h\r4 ,tumultu\s spray ( illum9$ ,solomon's ,pools4 ra9-cl\d4 ,slave %ip4 ,f4 ,five m9utes be=e sunset4 ,sky cov]$ ,tem]aire4 ,napoleon4 ) illum9$ cirri4 ,v>i\s vignettes4 ,l4,b4 ,same h\r4 ,s]5e sky4 ,full moon ris+4 ,k5ilwor?4 ,f4 ,sun sett+4 ,deta*$ light cirri & cle> ,amboise4 air4 ,l4 ,same h\r4 ,cl\dless4 ,new moon4 ,troyes4 ,l4,f4 ,same h\r4 ,heavy /orm cl\ds4 ,moonrise4 ,fir/ vignette4 ,pleasures ( ,memory4 ,l4,b4 ,sun j set4 ,sky cov]$ ) cl\ds4 ,new ,caudebec4 moon sett+4 ,l4,b4 ,sun five m9utes set4 ,/rong twilight1 ,wild]ness ( ,eng$i4 ) /orm cl\ds4 ,full moonrise4 ,assos4 ,l4,b4 ,same h\r4 ,s]5e1 ) light cl\ds4 ,montjan4 ,l4,b4 ,same h\r4 ,s]5e4 ,new moon4 ,pyramid ( ,caius ,ce/ius4 ,l4,b4 ,sun a qu>t] ( an h\r set4 ,cl\dless4 ,*ateau de ,blois4 ,l4,f4 ,sun half an h\r set4 ,light cirri4 ,clairmont4 ,f4 ,same h\r4 ,dead calm at sea4 ,new moon & ,c[es4 ev5+ />4 ,f4 ,sun ?ree qu>t]s ( an h\r set4 ,moon ,folke/one4 /ruggl+ ?r\gh /orm cl\ds1 ov] heavy sea4 ,,night4 ,,effects4 ,,names ,,( ,,pictures4 ,f4 ,an h\r aft] sunset4 ,no moon4 ,tor*light4 ,/4 ,juli54 ,t\rs4 ,f4 ,same h\r4 ,moon ris+4 ,fire f furnaces4 ,dudley4 ,l4,f4 ,same h\r1 ) /orm cl\ds4 ,moon ,nantes4 ris+4 ,l4 ,same h\r1 ) light ( rockets & fire4 ,juliet & h] ,nurse4 ,f4 ,midnight4 ,moonless1 ) light-h\ses4 ,calais4 ,same h\r1 ) fire-light4 ,burn+ ( ,p>liam5t ,h\ses4 ,f4 ,ditto4 ,full moon4 ,cle> air1 ) delicate ,t[]s ( ! ,heve4 cl\ds4 ,light-h\ses4 ,f4 ,ditto1 ) conflagration1 battle smoke1 & ,wat]loo4 /orm4 ,f4 ,ditto4 ,moonlight ?r\gh mi/4 ,build+s ,vignette4 ,/4 illum9at$ 9 int]ior4 ,h]b]t's ,isle4 ,f4 ,ditto4 ,full moon ) halo4 ,light ,/4 ,d5is4 ra9-cl\ds4 ,f4 ,full moon4 ,p]fectly s]5e4 ,sky cov]$ ,alnwick4 ,vignette ( ) :ite cirri4 ,rialto1 & ,bridge4 ( ,sighs ,,section ,,iv4 ,,( ,,tru? ,,( ,,e>?4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,( ,,g5]al ,,/ructure4 ,sec4 #a4 ,fir/ laws ( ! organization ( ! e>?1 & _! importance 9 art4 ,by tru? ( e>?1 we mean ! fai?ful repres5tation ( ! facts & =ms ( ! b>e gr\nd1 consid]$ z entirely dive/$ ( vegetation1 ?r\gh :atev] disguise1 or "u :atev] modification ! clo?+ ( ! l&scape may occasion4 ,gr\nd is to ! l&scape pa9t] :at ! nak$ human body is to ! hi/orical4 ,! gr[? ( vegetation1 ! action ( wat]1 & ev5 ( cl\ds ^u x & ar\nd x1 are s f> subject & subord9ate to its =ms1 z ! folds ( ! dress & ! fall ( ! hair are to ! modulation ( ! animal anatomy4 ,nor is ?is anatomy always s conceal$1 b 9 all sublime compositions1 :e!r ( nature or art1 x mu/ be se5 9 its nak$ purity4 ,! laws ( ! organization ( ! e>? are di/9ct & fix$ z ^? ( ! animal frame1 simpl] & broad]1 b equally au?oritative & inviolable4 ,_! results may be arriv$ at )\t k ( ! int]ior me*anism2 b = t v reason ignorance ( !m is ! m disgraceful1 & violation ( !m m unp>donable4 ,!y are 9 ! l&scape ! f\ndation ( all o!r tru?s--! mo/ necess>y1 !re=e1 ev5 if !y 7 n 9 !mselves attractive2 b !y are z beautiful z !y are ess5tial1 & e ab&onm5t ( !m by ! arti/ mu/ end 9 de=mity z x beg9s 9 falsehood4 ,sec4 #b4 ,! slight att5tion ord9>ily paid to !m4 ,_! c>eful /udy by mod]n arti/s4 ,t su* ab&onm5t is con/ant & total 9 ! works ( ! old ma/]s1 has escap$ detection1 only because ( p]sons g5]ally cognizant ( art1 few h sp5t "t en\gh 9 hill c\ntries to p]ceive ! c]ta9ty ( ! laws ( hill anatomy2 & because few1 ev5 ( ^? :o possess su* opportunities1 ev] ?9k ( ! common e>? b5ea? _! feet1 z any?+ possess+ specific =m1 or gov]n$ by /eadfa/ pr9ciples4 ,t su* ab&onm5t %\ld h tak5 place _c be surpris+1 aft] :at we h se5 ( _! fidelity to skies4 ,^? arti/s :o1 day aft] day1 c\ld s falsely repres5t :at 0 =ev] be=e _! eyes1 :5 x 0 to be "o ( ! mo/ important & attractive p>ts ( _! picture1 c sc>cely be expect$ to give ) tru? :at !y c\ld see only p>tially & at int]vals1 & :at 0 only to be 9 _! picture a blue l9e 9 ! horizon1 or a bright spot "u ! feet ( _! figures4 ,t su* %\ld be all ! space allott$ by ! old l&scape pa9t]s to ! mo/ magnific5t ph5om5a ( nature2 t ! only traces ( ^? ,ap5n9es1 :i* 9 ,claude's walks along ! br[ ( ! ,p9cian1 =ev] b\nd$ 8 horizon ) _! azure wall1 %\ld1 9 8 pictures1 be a cold :ite outl9e 9 ! extreme ( 8 tame di/ance2 & t ,salvator's soj\rns among _! fa/nesses %\ld only h taught him to %elt] 8 b&itti ) su* paltry morsels ( crag z an ,alp9e /ream w\ld toss d[n be=e x l a foam-globe2 ?\gh x may inde$ excite our surprise1 w1 p]haps1 :5 we h se5 h[ ^! slight passages are execut$1 be r a subject ( congratulation ?an ( regret4 ,x might1 inde$1 h %ort5$ our labor 9 ! inve/igation ( m\nta9 tru?1 _h n mod]n arti/s be5 s va/1 compreh5sive1 & multitud9\s 9 _! m\nta9 draw+s1 z to compel u1 9 ord] to =m ! slighte/ e/imate ( _! k1 to ent] into "s exam9ation ( e v>iety ( hill sc5]y4 ,we %all fir/ ga9 "s g5]al notion ( ! broad organization ( l>ge masses1 & !n take ^? masses to pieces1 until we come d[n to ! crumbl+ soil ( ! =egr\nd4 ,sec4 #c4 ,g5]al /ructure ( ! e>?4 ,! hills are its action1 ! pla9s its re/4 ,m\nta9s are1 to ! re/ ( ! body ( ! e>?1 :at viol5t muscul> action is to ! body ( man4 ,! muscles & t5dons ( its anatomy are1 9 ! m\nta91 br\ght out ) fi]ce & convulsive en]gy1 full ( expression1 passion1 & /r5g?2 ! pla9s & ! l[] hills are ! repose & ! ef=tless motion ( ! frame1 :5 its muscles lie dormant & conceal$ b5ea? ! l9es ( its beauty1 yet rul+ ^? l9es 9 _! e undulation4 ,?is1 !n1 is ! fir/ gr& pr9ciple ( ! tru? ( ! e>?4 ,! _s ( ! hills is action2 t ( ! l[l&s1 repose2 & betwe5 ^! !re is to be f\nd e v>iety ( motion & ( re/2 f ! inactive pla91 sleep+ l ! firmam5t1 ) cities = />s1 to ! fi]y peaks1 :i*1 ) heav+ bosoms & exult+ limbs1 ) ! cl\ds drift+ l hair f _! bright =eheads1 lift up _! ,titan h&s to ,heav51 say+1 ,i live =ev]6 ,sec4 #d4 ,m\nta9s come out f und]nea? ! pla9s1 & are _! support4 ,b !re is ?is diff]5ce betwe5 ! action ( ! e>?1 & t ( a liv+ creature1 t :ile ! ex]t$ limb m>ks its bones & t5dons ?r\gh ! fle%1 ! excit$ e>? ca/s (f ! fle% altoge!r1 & its bones come out f b5ea?4 ,m\nta9s are ! bones ( ! e>?1 _! highe/ peaks are inv>iably ^? p>ts ( its anatomy :i* 9 ! pla9s lie buri$ "u five & tw5ty ?\s& feet ( solid ?ickness ( sup]9cumb5t soil1 & :i* spr+ up 9 ! m\nta9 ranges 9 va/ pyramids or w$ges1 fl++ _! g>m5t ( e>? away f !m on ea* side4 ,! masses ( ! l[] hills are laid ov] & aga9/ _! sides1 l ! masses ( lat]al masonry aga9/ ! skeleton ar* ( an unf9i%$ bridge1 except t !y slope up to & lean aga9/ ! c5tral ridge3 &1 f9ally1 ^u ! slopes ( ^! l[] hills are /rew$ ! level b$s ( spr9kl$ gravel1 s&1 & clay1 :i* =m ! ext5t ( ! *ampaign4 ,"h !n is ano!r gr& pr9ciple ( ! tru? ( e>?1 t ! m\nta9s mu/ come f "u all1 & be ! support ( all2 & t ev]y?+ else mu/ be laid 9 _! arms1 heap above heap1 ! pla9s be+ ! upp]mo/4 ,oppos$ to ?is tru? is e appe>ance ( ! hills be+ laid ^u ! pla9s1 or built ^u !m4 ,nor is ?is a tru? only ( ! e>? on a l>ge scale1 = e m9or rock 79 position7 comes out f ! soil ab\t x z an isl& out ( ! sea1 lift+ ! e>? ne> x l waves beat+ on its sides4 ,sec4 #e4 ,/ructure ( ! pla9s !mselves4 ,_! p]fect level1 :5 deposit$ by quiet wat]4 ,su* be+ ! /ructure ( ! framework ( ! e>?1 x is next to be rememb]$ t all soil :atsoev]1 :]ev] x is accumulat$ 9 great] quantity ?an is suffici5t to n\ri% ! moss ( ! wallfl[]1 has be5 s1 ei!r by ! direct transport+ ag5cy ( wat]1 or "u ! guid+ influ5ce & p[] ( wat]4 ,all pla9s capable ( cultivation are deposits f "s k9d ( wat]--"s f swift & trem5d\s curr5ts1 leav+ _! soil 9 sweep+ banks & furr[$ ridges--o!rs1 & ?is is 9 m\nta9 di/ricts almo/ inv>iably ! case1 by sl[ deposit f a quiet lake 9 ! m\nta9 holl[1 :i* has be5 gradually fill$ by ! soil c>ri$ into x by /reams1 :i* soil is ( c\rse f9ally left spread at ! exact level ( ! surface ( ! =m] lake1 z level z ! quiet wat] itself4 ,h5ce we con/antly meet ) pla9s 9 hill di/ricts1 :i* fill ! holl[s ( ! hills ) z p]fect & faultless a level z wat]1 & out ( :i* ! /eep rocks rise at ! edge ) z little previ\s di/urbance1 or indication ( _! =ms b5ea?1 z !y d f ! m>g9 ( a quiet lake4 ,e delta--& !re is "o at ! head ( e lake 9 e hill-di/rict--supplies an in/ance ( ?is4 ,! rocks at ,altorf plunge b5ea? ! pla91 :i* ! lake has left1 at z %>p an angle z !y d into ! lake itself beside ! *apel ( ,tell4 ,! pla9 ( ! ,arve1 at ,sall5*e1 is t]m9at$ s %>ply by ! hills to ! s\?-ea/1 t ,i h se5 a man sleep+ ) 8 back support$ aga9/ ! m\nta91 & 8 legs /ret*$ on ! pla92 ! slope :i* support$ 8 back ris+ #ejjj feet above him1 & ! c\* ( 8 legs /ret*$ = five miles be=e him4 ,9 di/ant effect ^! *ampaigns lie l deep1 blue1 undi/urb$ wat]1 :ile ! mighty hills ar\nd !m bur/ out f b5ea?1 rag+ & toss+ l a tumultu\s sea4 ,! valleys ( ,meyr+51 ,int]la*51 ,altorf1 ,sall5*e1 ,/4 ,jean de ,mauri5ne2 ! great pla9 ( ,lomb>dy itself1 z se5 f ,milan or ,padua1 "u ! ,alps1 ! ,euganeans1 & ! ,ap5n9es2 & ! ,campo ,felice "u ,vesuvius1 are a few1 out ( ! ?\s& in/ances1 :i* mu/ occur at once to ! m9d ( e travell]4 ,sec4 #f4 ,illu/rat$ by ,turn]'s ,m>5go4 ,let ! read] n[ op5 ,rog]s's ,italy1 at ! sev5te5? page1 & look at ! vignette :i* heads x ( ! battle ( ,m>5go4 ,x ne$s no comm5t4 ,x _c b c>ry ) x1 aft] :at has be5 said1 ! in/ant conviction t ,turn] is z mu* ( a geologi/ z he is ( a pa9t]4 ,x is a summ>y ( all we h be5 say+1 & a summ>y s di/9ct & cle>1 t )\t any su* explanation x mu/ h =c$ ^u ! m9d ! impression ( su* facts--( ! plung+ ( ! hills und]nea? ! pla9--( ! p]fect level & repose ( ?is latt] laid 9 _! arms1 & ( ! tumultu\s action ( ! em]g5t summits4 ,sec4 #g4 ,g5]al divisions ( =mation result+ f ?is arrangem5t4 ,plan ( inve/igation4 ,we f9d1 accord+ to ?is its int]nal /ructure1 :i*1 ,i believe1 ) ! assi/ance ( ,turn]1 c sc>cely n[ be misund]/ood1 t ! e>? may be consid]$ z divid$ into ?ree great classes ( =mation1 :i* geology has already nam$ = u4 ,prim>y--! rocks1 :i*1 ?\gh 9 position l[] ?an all o!rs1 rise to =m ! c5tral peaks1 or int]ior nuclei ( all m\nta9 ranges4 ,second>y--! rocks :i* are laid 9 b$s above ^!1 & :i* =m ! great] proportion ( all hill sc5]y4 ,t]ti>y--! light b$s ( s&1 gravel1 & clay1 :i* are /rew$ ^u ! surface ( all1 =m+ pla9s & habitable t]ritory = man4 ,we %all f9d x conv5i5t1 9 exam9+ ! tru? ( art1 to adopt1 ) a little modification1 ! geological arrangem5t1 consid]+ fir/1 ! =mation & "* ( ! highe/ or c5tral peaks2 !n ! g5]al /ructure ( ! l[] m\nta9s1 includ+ 9 ?is division ^? compos$ ( ! v>i\s slates :i* a geologi/ w\ld call prim>y2 &1 la/ly1 ! m9utiae & mo/ delicate *>act]s ( ! b$s ( ^! hills1 :5 !y are s ne> z to become =egr\nd objects1 & ! /ructure ( ! common soil :i* usually =ms ! great] space ( an arti/'s =egr\nd4 ,h5ce our task w arrange itself into ?ree divisions--! inve/igation ( ! c5tral m\nta9s1 ( ! int]ior m\nta9s1 & ( ! =egr\nd4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,( ,,! ,,c5tral ,,m\nta9s4 ,sec4 #a4 ,simil> "* ( ! c5tral peaks 9 all p>ts ( ! _w4 ,x does n always foll[1 because a m\nta9 is ! highe/ ( its gr\p1 t x is 9 reality "o ( ! c5tral range4 ,! ,jungfrau is only surpass$ 9 elevation1 9 ! *a9 ( :i* x is a memb]1 by ! ,s*reckhorn & ,f9/]-,a>horn2 b x is entirely a second>y m\nta94 ,b ! c5tral peaks are usually ! highe/1 & may be consid]$ z ! *ief compon5ts ( all m\nta9 sc5]y 9 ! sn[y regions4 ,be+ compos$ ( ! same rocks 9 all c\ntries1 _! ext]nal "* is ! same ev]y:]e4 ,its *ief ess5tial po9ts are ! foll[+4 ,sec4 #b4 ,_! arrangem5ts 9 pyramids or w$ges1 divid$ by v]tical fissures4 ,_! summits are almo/ inv>iably ei!r pyramids or w$ges4 ,domes may be =m$ by sup]9cumb5t sn[1 or appe> to be =m$ by ! cont9u\s outl9e ( a %>p ridge se5 transv]sely1 ) its precipice to ! spectator2 b :]ev] a rock appe>s1 ! upp]mo/ t]m9ation ( t rock w be a /eep edgy ridge1 or a %>p po9t1 v r>ely pres5t+ ev5 a g5tle slope on any ( its sides1 b usually inaccessible unless encumb]$ ) sn[4 ,^! pyramids & w$ges split v]tically1 or ne>ly s1 giv+ smoo? faces ( rock1 ei!r p]p5dicul> or v /eeply incl9$1 :i* appe> to be laid aga9/ ! c5tral w$ge or peak1 l planks upright aga9/ a wall4 ,! surfaces ( ^! %[ close p>allelism2 _! fissures are v]tical1 & cut !m smoo?ly1 l ! edges ( %ap$ planks4 ,(t5 gr\ps ( ^! planks1 if ,i may s call !m1 rise high] ?an ^? betwe5 !m & ! c5tral ridge1 =m+ deta*$ ridges incl9+ t[>ds ! c5tral "o4 ,! planks are cut transv]sely1 sometimes by graceful curvil9e> fissures2 sometimes by /raight fissures1 :i* are commonly p>allel to ! slope ( "o ( ! sides ( ! peak1 :ile ! ma9 direction ( ! planks or leaves is p>allel to t ( its o!r side1 or po9ts directly to its summit4 ,b ! univ]sal law ( fracture is--fir/1 t x is clean & %>p1 hav+ a p]fectly smoo? surface1 & a p]fectly %>p edge to all ! fissures2 secondly1 t e fissure is /eeply incl9$1 & t a horizontal l9e1 or "o approa*+ to x1 is an impossibility1 except 9 "s turn ( a curve4 ,sec4 #c4 ,caus+ gr\ps ( rock resembl+ an arti*oke or rose4 ,h5ce1 h[ev] ! light may fall1 ^! peaks are se5 m>k$ ) %>p & def9$ %ad[s1 indicat+ ! squ>e edges ( ! planks ( :i* !y are made up1 :i* %ad[s sometimes are v]tical1 po9t+ to ! summit2 b are (t5] p>allel to "o ( ! sides ( ! peak1 & int]sect$ by a second s]ies1 p>allel to ! o!r side4 ,:]e !re has be5 mu* dis9tegration1 ! peak is (t5 surr\nd$ ) gr\ps ( l[] ridges or peaks1 l ! leaves ( an arti*oke or a rose1 all evid5tly "p & p>cel ( ! great peak2 b fall+ back f x1 z if x 7 a budd+ fl[]1 exp&+ its leaves "o by "o4 ,sec4 #d4 ,! fai?ful /atem5t ( ^! facts by ,turn] 9 8 ,alps at ,daybreak4 ,n[1 if ,i 7 giv+ a lecture on geology1 & 7 se>*+ = "s means ( giv+ ! mo/ fai?ful idea possible ( ! ext]nal appe>ance caus$ by ?is /ructure ( ! prim>y hills1 ,i %\ld ?r[ my geological outl9es aside1 & take up ,turn]'s vignette ( ! ,alps at ,daybreak4 ,aft] :at has be5 said1 a s+le glance at x w be en\gh4 ,obs]ve ! exquisite decision ) :i* ! edge ( ! upp]mo/ plank ( ! great peak is indicat$ by its cle> d>k side & %>p %ad[2 !n ! rise ( ! second l[ ridge on its side1 only to desc5d aga9 precisely 9 ! same l9e2 ! two fissures ( ?is peak1 "o po9t+ to its summit1 ! o!r rigidly p>allel to ! great slope :i* desc5ds t[>ds ! sun2 !n ! %>p :ite aiguille on ! "r1 ) ! great fissure f its summit1 rigidly & sev]ely squ>e1 z m>k$ bel[1 :]e ano!r edge ( rock is laid ^u x4 ,b ?is is n all2 ! black rock 9 ! =egr\nd is equally a memb] ( ! mass1 its *ief slope p>allel ) t ( ! m\nta91 & all its fissures & l9es incl9$ 9 ! same direction2 &1 to complete ! mass ( evid5ce m =cibly /ill1 we h ! d>k mass on ! left articulat$ ) absolute "r l9es1 z p>allel z if !y _h be5 drawn ) a rul]1 indicat+ ! tops ( two ( ^! huge plates or planks1 po9t+1 ) ! univ]sal t5d5cy1 to ! great ridge1 & int]sect$ by fissures p>allel to x4 ,?r\gh\t ! ext5t ( m\nta91 n "o horizontal l9e1 nor an approa* to x1 is disc]nible4 ,?is _c be *ance--x _c be composition--x may n be beautiful--p]haps nature is v wrong to be s p>allel1 & v disagreeable 9 be+ s /raight2--b ?is is nature1 :e!r we admire x or n4 ,sec4 #e4 ,vignette ( ! ,&es & o!rs4 ,9 ! vignette illu/ration to ,jacquel9e1 we h ano!r s]ies ( peaks1 ^: /ructure is less develop$1 ow+ to _! di/ance1 b equally cle> & fai?ful 9 all po9ts1 z f> z x is giv54 ,b ! vignette ( ,ao/a1 9 ,italy1 is p]haps m /rik+ ?an any t c\ld be nam$ = its r5d]+ ( ! p]fect p>allelism ( ! l[] & small] peaks ) ! great l9es ( ! mass !y compose2 & t ( ! ,&es1 ! second 9 ,campbell1 = its indication ( ! multitudes ( ! v]tical & plank-l b$s arrang$ almo/ l ! leaves ( a fl[]4 ,?is la/ especially1 "o ( ! v noble/1 mo/ fai?ful1 mo/ sci5tific /atem5ts ( m\nta9 =m :i* ev5 ,turn] has ev] made1 c leave little m to be said or d\bt$4 ,sec4 #f4 ,necess>y di/ance1 & consequ5t a]ial effect on all su* m\nta9s4 ,n[1 :5ev] ^! va/ peaks1 ris+ f #ab1jjj to #bd1jjj feet above ! sea1 =m "p ( any?+ l a l&scape1 t is to say1 :5ev] ! spectator beholds !m f ! region ( vegetation1 or ev5 f any di/ance at :i* x is possible to get some?+ l a view ( _! :ole mass1 !y mu/ be at s great a di/ance f him z to become a]ial & fa9t 9 all _! details4 ,_! summits1 & all ^? high] masses ( ^: "* we h be5 speak+1 c by no possibility be ne>] to him ?an twelve or fifte5 miles2 to approa* !m ne>] he mu/ climb--mu/ leave ! region ( vegetation1 & mu/ conf9e 8 view to a "p1 & t a v limit$ "o1 ( ! m\nta9 he is asc5d+4 ,:5ev]1 !re=e1 ^! m\nta9s are se5 ov] any?+ l vegetation1 or are se5 9 mass1 !y mu/ be 9 ! f> di/ance4 ,mo/ arti/s w\ld treat an horizon fifte5 miles (f v mu* z if x 7 m]e air2 & ?\gh ! great] cle>ness ( ! upp] air p]mits ! high summits to be se5 ) extraord9>y di/9ctness1 yet !y nev] c by any possibility h d>k or deep %ad[s1 or int5se d>k relief aga9/ a light4 ,cle> !y may be1 b fa9t !y mu/ be1 & _! great & prevail+ *>act]i/ic1 z di/+ui%$ f o!r m\nta9s1 is want ( app>5t solidity4 ,!y rise 9 ! morn+ light r l %>p %ades1 ca/ up into ! sky1 ?an solid e>?4 ,_! lights are pure1 roseate1 & cl\d-l--_! %ad[s transp>5t1 pale1 & opalesc5t1 & (t5 indi/+ui%able f ! air ar\nd !m1 s t ! m\nta9-top is se5 9 ! heav5 only by its flakes ( motionless fire4 ,sec4 #g4 ,total want ( any r5d]+ ( _! ph5om5a 9 anci5t art4 ,n[1 let me once m ask1 ?\gh ,i am suffici5tly tir$ ( ask+1 :at record h we ( any?+ l ?is 9 ! works ( ! old ma/]s8 ,!re is no ve/ige 9 any exi/+ picture ( ! slighte/ ef=t to repres5t ! high hill ranges2 & z = su* draw+ ( _! =ms z we h f\nd 9 ,turn]1 we might z well look = !m among ! ,*9ese4 ,v possibly x may be all q "r1--v probably ^! m5 %[$ ! mo/ cultivat$ ta/e1 ! mo/ un]r+ judgm5t1 9 fill+ _! pictures ) mole-hills & s&-heaps4 ,v probably ! )]$ & poison\s banks ( ,av]nus1 & ! s& & c9d]s ( ! ,campagna1 are mu* m sublime ?+s ?an ! ,alps2 b /ill :at limit$ tru? x is1 if tru? x be1 :5 ?r\gh ! la/ fifty pages we h be5 po9t+ out fact aft] fact1 sc5e aft] sc5e1 9 cl\ds & hills1 7& n individual facts nor sc5es1 b great & important classes ( !m17 & /ill we h no?+ to say :5 we come to ! old ma/]s2 b1 !y are n "h4 ,yet ?is is :at we he> s con/antly call$ pa9t+ g5]al nature4 ,sec4 #h4 ,"* ( ! repres5tations ( ,alps 9 ! di/ances ( ,claude4 ,sec4 #i4 ,_! total want ( magnitude & a]ial di/ance4 ,al?\gh1 h[ev]1 !re is no ve/ige among ! old ma/]s ( any ef=t to repres5t ! attributes ( ! high] m\nta9s se5 9 comp>ative proximity1 we are n altoge!r left )\t evid5ce ( _! hav+ ?\ght ( !m z s\rces ( light 9 ! extreme di/ance1 z = example1 9 t ( ! reput$ ,claude 9 our ,national ,gall]y1 call$ ! ,m>riage ( ,isaac & ,rebecca4 ,i h n ! slighte/ d\bt ( its be+ a mo/ execrable copy2 = !re is n "o t\* nor l9e ( ev5 dec5t pa9t+ 9 ! :ole picture2 b z connoisseurs h consid]$ x a ,claude1 z x has be5 put 9 our ,gall]y = a ,claude1 & z p admire x e day = a ,claude1 ,i may at lea/ presume x has ^? qualities ( ,claude 9 x :i* are wont to excite ! public admiration1 ?\gh x possesses none ( ^? :i* sometimes give him claim to x2 & ,i h s reason$1 & %all cont9ue to reason ^u x1 especially ) respect to facts ( =m1 :i* _c h be5 mu* alt]$ by ! copyi/4 ,9 ! di/ance ( t picture 7z well z 9 t ( ! ,s9on be=e ,priam1 :i* ,i h little d\bt is at lea/ p>tially orig9al1 & ^: c5tral gr\p ( trees is a v noble piece ( pa9t+7 is some?+ :ite1 :i* ,i believe mu/ be int5d$ = a sn[y m\nta91 because ,i d n see t x c well be int5d$ = any?+ else4 ,n[ no m\nta9 ( elevation suffici5t to be s %eet$ ) p]petual sn[1 c by any possibility s9k s l[ on ! horizon z ?is some?+ ( ,claude's1 unless x be at a di/ance ( f fifty to sev5ty miles4 ,at su* di/ances1 ?\gh ! outl9e is inv>iably %>p & edgy to an excess1 yet all ! circum/ances ( a]ial p]spective1 fa9tness ( %ad[1 & isolation ( light1 :i* ,i h describ$ z *>act]i/ic ( ! ,alps fifte5 miles (f1 take place1 ( c\rse1 9 a ?reefold degree2 ! m\nta9s rise f ! horizon l transp>5t films1 only di/+ui%able f mi/ by _! excessively ke5 edges1 & _! brilliant fla%es ( sudd5 light2 !y are z unsub/antial z ! air itself1 & impress _! enorm\s size by means ( ?is a]ialness1 9 a f> great] degree at ^! va/ di/ances1 ?an ev5 :5 t[]+ above ! spectator's head4 ,n[1 ,i ask ( ! c&id obs]v]1 if !re be ! smalle/ ve/ige ( an ef=t to atta9--if !re be ! mo/ mis]able1 ! mo/ contemptible %ad[ ( atta9m5t ( su* an effect by ,claude8 ,does t :ite ?+ on ! horizon look sev5ty miles (f8 ,is x fa9t1 or fad+1 or to be look$ = by ! eye be=e x c be f\nd out8 ,does x look high8 does x look l>ge8 does x look impressive8 ,y _c b feel t !re is n a ve/ige ( any k9d or species ( tru? 9 t horizon2 & t1 h[ev] arti/ical x may be1 z giv+ brilliancy to ! di/ance1 7?\gh1 z f> z ,i h any feel+ 9 ! matt]1 x only gives coldness17 x is1 9 ! v bran* ( art on :i* ,claude's reputation *iefly re/s1 a]ial p]spective1 hurl+ defiance to nature 9 h] v tee?4 ,sec4 #aj4 ,& violation ( specific =m4 ,b !re are worse failures yet 9 ?is unlucky di/ance4 ,a]ial p]spective is n a matt] ( p>am\nt importance1 because nature infr+es its laws h]self & boldly too1 ?\gh nev] 9 a case l ?is be=e u2 b !re are "s laws :i* nature nev] violates--h] laws ( =m4 ,no m\nta9 0 ev] rais$ to ! level ( p]petual sn[1 )\t an inf9ite multiplicity ( =m4 ,its f\ndation is built ( a hundr$ m9or m\nta9s1 &1 f ^!1 great buttresses run 9 conv]g+ ridges to ! c5tral peak4 ,!re is no exception to ?is rule2 no m\nta9 #ae1jjj feet high is ev] rais$ )\t su* prep>ation & v>iety ( outwork4 ,consequ5tly1 9 di/ant effect1 :5 *a9s ( su* peaks are visible at once1 ! multiplicity ( =m is absolutely oceanic2 & ?\gh x is possible 9 ne> sc5es to f9d va/ & simple masses compos$ ( l9es :i* run unbrok5 = a ?\s& feet1 or m1 x is physically impossible :5 ^! masses are ?r[n sev5ty miles back1 to h simple outl9es1 = !n ^! l>ge features become m]e jags1 & hillocks1 & are heap$ & huddl$ toge!r ) endless confusion4 ,to get a simple =m1 sev5ty miles away1 m\nta9 l9es w\ld be requir$ unbrok5 = leagues2 & ?is1 ,i repeat1 is physically impossible4 ,h5ce ^! m\nta9s ( ,claude1 hav+ no indication ( ! /eep v]tical summits :i* we h %[n to be ! *>act]i/ic ( ! c5tral ridges1 hav+ s(t edges in/ead ( decisive ones1 simple =ms 7"o l9e to ! pla9 on ea* side7 in/ead ( v>i$ & brok5 ones1 & be+ pa9t$ ) a crude raw :ite1 hav+ no transp>5cy1 nor film9ess1 nor air 9 x1 in/ead ( ris+ 9 ! opalesc5t my/]y :i* inv>iably *>act]izes ! di/ant sn[s1 h ! =ms & ! colors ( heaps ( *alk 9 a lime-kiln1 n ( ,alps4 ,!y are de/itute ( en]gy1 ( height1 ( di/ance1 ( spl5dor1 & ( v>iety1 & are ! "w ( a man1 :e!r ,claude or n1 :o _h nei!r feel+ = nature1 nor k ( art4 ,sec4 #aa4 ,ev5 9 8 be/ works4 ,i %\ld n1 h[ev]1 insi/ ^u ! faults ( ?is picture1 believ+ x to be a copy1 if ,i _h ev] se51 ev5 9 8 mo/ g5u9e works1 an extreme di/ance ( ,claude ) any ( ! ess5tial *>act]s ( nature4 ,b al?\gh 9 8 bett] pictures we h always beautiful draw+ ( ! air1 :i* 9 ! copy be=e u is entirely want+1 ! real features ( ! extreme m\nta9 di/ance are equally neglect$ or malign$ 9 all4 ,!re is1 inde$1 air betwe5 u & x2 b t5 miles1 n sev5ty miles1 ( space4 ,let u obs]ve a little m closely ! practice ( nature 9 su* cases4 ,sec4 #ab4 ,f>!r illu/ration ( ! di/ant "* ( m\nta9 *a9s4 ,sec4 #ac4 ,_! excessive appe>ance ( transp>5cy4 ,! multiplicity ( =m :i* ,i h %[n to be necess>y 9 ! outl9e1 is n less felt 9 ! body ( ! mass4 ,=1 9 all ext5sive hill ranges1 !re are five or six lat]al *a9s sep>at$ by deep valleys1 :i* rise betwe5 ! spectator & ! c5tral ridge1 %[+ _! tops "o ov] ano!r1 wave beyond wave1 until ! eye is c>ri$ back to ! fa9te/ & highe/ =ms ( ! pr9cipal *a94 ,^! successive ridges1 & ,i speak n[ n m]ely ( ! ,alps1 b ( m\nta9s g5]ally1 ev5 z l[ z #cjjj feet above ! sea1 %[ !mselves 9 extreme di/ance m]ely z v]tical %ades1 ) v %>p outl9es1 deta*$ f "o ano!r by great] int5sity1 accord+ to _! ne>ness4 ,x is ) ! utmo/ difficulty t ! eye c disc]n any solidity or r\ndness 9 !m2 ! lights & %ades ( solid =m are bo? equally lo/ 9 ! blue ( ! atmosph]e1 & ! m\nta9 tells only z a flat1 %>p-edg$ film1 ( :i* multitudes int]sect & ov]top "o ano!r1 sep>at$ by ! great] fa9tness ( ! retir+ masses4 ,?is is ! mo/ simple & easily imitat$ arrangem5t possible1 & yet1 bo? 9 nature & art1 x expresses di/ance & size 9 a way o!rwise q unatta9able4 ,= ?us1 ! :ole mass ( "o m\nta9 be+ ( "o %ade only1 ! smalle/ possible diff]5ce 9 %ade w s]ve completely to deta* x f ano!r1 & ?us t5 or twelve di/ances may be made evid5t1 :5 ! d>ke/ & ne>e/ is an a]ial gray z fa9t z ! sky2 & ! beauty ( su* arrangem5ts c>ri$ out z nature c>ries !m1 to _! highe/ degree1 is1 p]haps1 ! mo/ /rik+ feature connect$ ) hill sc5]y3 y w nev]1 by any *ance1 p]ceive 9 extreme di/ance1 any?+ l solid =m or projection ( ! hills4 ,ea* is a dead1 flat1 p]p5dicul> film or %ade1 ) a %>p edge d>ke/ at ! summit1 & lo/ z x desc5ds1 & ab\t equally d>k :e!r turn$ t[>ds ! light or f x2 & ( ^! successive films ( m\nta9 y w probably h half a doz51 "o beh9d ano!r1 all %[+ ) p]fect cle>ness _! e *asm & peak 9 ! outl9e1 & n "o ( !m %[+ ! slighte/ ve/ige ( solidity1 b on ! contr>y1 look+ s ?or\ghly transp>5t1 t if x s happ5s1 z ,i h se5 frequ5tly1 t a conical ne> hill meets ) its summit ! sep>ation ( two di/ant ones1 s t ! "r-h& slope ( ! ne>] hill =ms an app>5t cont9uation ( ! "r-h& slope ( ! left-h& f>!r hill1 & vice v]sa1 x is impossible to get rid ( ! impression t "o or ! m di/ant peaks is se5 ?r\gh ! o!r4 ,sec4 #ad4 ,illu/rat$ f ! works ( ,turn] & ,/anfield4 ,! ,borromean ,isl&s ( ! latt]4 ,i may po9t out 9 illu/ration ( ^! facts1 ! engrav+s ( two draw+s ( precisely ! same *a9 ( di/ant hills1--,/anfield's ,borromean ,isl&s1 ) ! ,/4 ,go?>d 9 ! di/ance1 & ,turn]'s ,arona1 also ) ! ,/4 ,go?>d 9 ! di/ance4 ,f> be x f me to indicate ! =m] ( ^! plates z 9 any way exemplify+ ! p[] ( ,/anfield1 or affect+ 8 reputation2 x is an unlucky draw+1 murd]$ by ! engrav]1 & z f> f be+ *>act]i/ic ( ,/anfield z x is f be+ l nature1 b x is j :at ,i want1 to illu/rate ! p>ticul> error ( :i* ,i speak2 & ,i pref] %[+ ?is error :]e x accid5tally exi/s 9 ! works ( a really great arti/1 /&+ !re alone1 to po9t x out :]e x is confus$ ) o!r faults & falsehoods 9 ! works ( inf]ior h&s4 ,! =m] ( ^! plates is an example ( ev]y?+ :i* a hill di/ance is n1 & ! latt] ( ev]y?+ :i* x is4 ,9 ! =m]1 we h ! m\nta9s cov]$ ) pat*y lights1 :i* be+ ( equal int5sity :e!r ne> or di/ant1 confuse all ! di/ances toge!r2 :ile ! eye1 p]ceiv+ t ! light falls s z to give details ( solid =m1 yet f9d+ no?+ b insipid & =mless spaces display$ by x1 is compell$ to suppose t ! :ole body ( ! hill is equally monoton\s & devoid ( "*2 & ! effect ^u x is n "o :it m impressive & agreeable ?an might be receiv$ f a gr\p ( s&-heaps1 wa%$ into uni=mity by rec5t ra94 ,sec4 #ae4 ,turn]'s ,arona4 ,comp>e ) ?is ! di/ance ( ,turn] 9 ,arona4 ,x is totally impossible "h to say :i* way ! light falls on ! di/ant hills1 except by ! slightly increas$ decision ( _! edges turn$ t[>ds x1 b ! greate/ att5tion is paid to get ^! edges decisive1 yet full ( gradation1 & p]fectly true 9 "* ( =m4 ,all ! re/ ( ! m\nta9 is !n indi/+ui%able haze1 & by ! br++ ( ^! edges m & m decisively ov] "o ano!r1 ,turn] has giv5 u betwe5 ! "r-h& side ( ! picture & ! sn[1 fifte5 di/9ct di/ances1 yet e "o ( ^! di/ances 9 itself palpitat+1 *angeful1 & sugge/+ subdivision into c\ntless multitude4 ,some?+ ( ?is is traceable ev5 9 ! engrav+1 & all ! ess5tial *>act]s are p]fectly well m>k$4 ,i ?9k ev5 ! lea/ exp]i5c$ eye c sc>cely b feel ! tru? ( ?is di/ance z comp>$ ) ,/anfield's4 ,9 ! latt]1 ! eye gets some?+ ( ! =m1 & !re=e wond]s x sees no m2 ! impression on x1 !re=e1 is ( hills )9 di/9ctly visible di/ance1 indisc]nible ?r\gh want ( light or dim atmosph]e2 & ! effect is1 ( c\rse1 smallness ( space1 ) obscurity ( light & ?ickness ( air4 ,9 ,turn]'s ! eye gets no?+ ( ! sub/ance1 & wond]s x sees s mu* ( ! outl9e2 ! impression is1 !re=e1 ( m\nta9s too f> (f to be ev] di/9ctly se51 r5d]$ cle> by brilliancy ( light & purity ( atmosph]e2 & ! effect1 consequ5tly1 va/ness ( space1 ) int5sity ( light & cry/all9e transp>5cy ( air4 ,sec4 #af4 ,extreme di/ance ( l>ge objects always *>act]iz$ by v %>p outl9e4 ,^! tru?s are inv>iably giv5 9 e "o ( ,turn]'s di/ances1 t is to say1 we h always 9 !m two pr9cipal facts =c$ on our notice2 transp>5cy1 or film9ess ( mass1 & excessive %>pness ( edge4 ,& ,i wi% p>ticul>ly to insi/ ^u ?is %>pness ( edge1 because x is n a casual or *angeful habit ( nature2 x is ! unfail+ *>act]i/ic ( all v great di/ances4 ,x is q a mi/ake to suppose t slurr$ or melt+ l9es are *>act]i/ic ( di/ant l>ge objects2 !y may be s1 z be=e obs]v$1 7,sec4 ,,ii4 ,*ap4 ,,iv4 ,sec4 #d17 :5 ! focus ( ! eye is n adapt$ to !m2 b1 :5 ! eye is really direct$ to ! di/ance1 melt+ l9es are *>act]i/ic only ( ?ick mi/ & vapor betwe5 u & ! object1 n ( ! removal ( ! object4 ,if a ?+ has "* ^u its outl9e1 z a tree = in/ance1 or a mossy /one1 ! f>!r x is remov$ f u1 ! %>p] ! outl9e ( ! :ole mass w become1 ?\gh 9 do+ s1 ! p>ticul> details :i* make up ! "* w become confus$ 9 ! mann] describ$ 9 ! same *apt]4 ,a tree fifty y>ds f u1 tak5 z a mass1 has a s(t outl9e1 because ! leaves & int]/ices h "s effect on ! eye4 ,b put x t5 miles (f aga9/ ! sky1 & its outl9e w be s %>p t y _c tell x f a rock4 ,!re are ?ree trees on ! ,mont ,saleve1 ab\t five miles f ,g5eva1 :i* f ! city1 z !y /& on ! ridge ( ! hill1 are se5 def9$ aga9/ ! sky4 ,! ke5e/ eye 9 ! _w c\ld n tell !m f /ones4 ,s 9 a m\nta9 five or six miles (f1 bu%es1 & hea!r1 & r\ghnesses ( knotty gr\nd & rock1 h /ill "s effect on ! eye1 & by becom+ confus$ & m+l$ z be=e describ$1 s(t5 ! outl9e4 ,b let ! m\nta9 be ?irty miles (f1 & its edge w be z %>p z a knife4 ,let x1 z 9 ! case ( ! ,alps1 be sev5ty or eighty miles (f1 & ?\gh x has become s fa9t t ! morn+ mi/ is n s transp>5t1 its outl9e w be beyond all imitation = excessive %>pness4 ,?us1 !n1 ! "* ( extreme di/ance is always excessive ke5ness ( edge4 ,if y s(t5 y\r outl9e1 y ei!r put mi/ betwe5 y & ! object1 & 9 do+ s dim9i%1 y\r di/ance1 = x is impossible y %\ld see s f> ?r\gh mi/ z ?r\gh cle> air2 or1 if y keep an impression ( cle> air1 y br+ ! object close to ! obs]v]1 dim9i% its size 9 proportion1 & if ! a]ial colors1 excessive blues1 etc41 be reta9$1 repres5t an impossibility4 ,sec4 #ag4 ,want ( ?is decision 9 ,claude4 ,take ,claude's di/ance 79 ,no4 #bdd1 ,dulwi* ,gall]y17#ec on ! "r ( ! picture4 ,x is z pure blue z ev] came f ! pallet1 laid on ?ick2 y _c see ?r\gh x1 !re is n ! slighte/ ve/ige ( transp>5cy or film9ess ab\t x1 & its edge is s(t & blunt4 ,h5ce1 if x be meant = ne> hills1 ! blue is impossible1 & ! want ( details impossible1 9 ! cle> atmosph]e indicat$ ?r\gh ! :ole picture4 ,if x be meant = extreme di/ance1 ! blunt edge is impossible1 & ! opacity is impossible4 ,i d n "k a s+le di/ance ( ! ,italian s*ool to :i* ! same obs]vation is n entirely applicable1 except1 p]haps1 "o or two ( ,ni*olas ,p\ss9's4 ,!y always involve1 "u any supposition :atsoev]1 at lea/ two impossibilities4 ,sec4 #ah4 ,! p]petual r5d]+ ( x by ,turn]4 ,i ne$ sc>cely m5tion 9 p>ticul> any m ( ! works ( ,turn]1 because !re is n "o ( 8 m\nta9 di/ances 9 :i* ^! facts are n fully exemplifi$4 ,look at ! la/ vignette--! ,f>ewell1 9 ,rog]s's ,italy2 obs]ve ! excessive %>pness ( all ! edges1 almo/ am\nt+ to l9es1 9 ! di/ance1 :ile !re is sc>cely "o decisive edge 9 ! =egr\nd4 ,look at ! hills ( ! di/ance 9 ! ,dun/affnage1 ,gl5coe1 & ,lo* ,a*ray1 7illu/rations to ,scott17 9 ! latt] ( :i* ! left-h& side ( ! ,b5v5ue is actually m>k$ ) a d>k l9e4 ,9 fact1 ,turn]'s usual mode ( execut+ ^! passages is p]fectly evid5t 9 all 8 draw+s2 x is n (t5 t we meet ) a v broad da% ( wet color 9 8 f9i%$ works1 b 9 ^! di/ances1 z we be=e saw ( 8 %ad[s1 all ! effect has be5 evid5tly giv5 by a da% ( v moi/ pale color1 probably turn+ ! pap] upside d[n1 s t a v firm edge may be left at ! top ( ! m\nta9 z ! color dries4 ,& 9 ! ,battle ( ,m>5go we f9d ! pr9ciple c>ri$ s f> z to give no?+ m ?an actual outl9e = ! repres5tation ( ! extreme di/ance1 :ile all ! o!r hills 9 ! picture are di/9ctly d>ke/ at ! edge4 ,?is plate1 ?\gh co>sely execut$1 is yet "o ( ! noble/ illu/rations ( m\nta9 "* & magnitude exi/+4 ,sec4 #ai4 ,effects ( sn[1 h[ imp]fectly /udi$4 ,su*1 !n1 are ! *ief *>act]i/ics ( ! highe/ peaks & extreme di/ances ( all hills1 z f> z ! =ms ( ! rocks !mselves1 & ! a]ial appe>ances especially belong+ to !m1 are alone conc]n$4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 yet ano!r po9t to be consid]$--! modification ( _! =m caus$ by incumb5t sn[4 ,pictures ( w9t] sc5]y are ne>ly z common z moonlights1 & are usually execut$ by ! same ord] ( arti/s1 t is to say1 ! mo/ incapable2 x be+ rem>kably easy to repres5t ! moon z a :ite waf] on a black gr\nd1 or to scrat* out :ite bran*es on a cl\dy sky4 ,nev]!less1 among ,flemi% pa9t+s sev]al valuable repres5tations ( w9t] are to be f\nd1 & "s clev] pieces ( effect among ! mod]ns1 z ,hunt's1 = in/ance1 & ,de ,w9t's4 ,b all su* ef=ts end 9 effect alone1 nor h ,i ev] 9 any s+le in/ance se5 a sn[ wrea?1 ,i d n say ?or\ghly1 b ev5 dec5tly1 drawn4 ,9 ! range ( inorganic nature1 ,i d\bt if any object c be f\nd m p]fectly beautiful ?an a fre%1 deep sn[-drift1 se5 "u w>m light4#ed ,its curves are ( inconceivable p]fection & *angefulness1 its surface & transp>5cy alike exquisite1 its light & %ade ( inexhau/ible v>iety & inimitable f9i%1 ! %ad[s %>p1 pale1 & ( heav5ly color1 ! reflect$ lights int5se & multitud9\s1 & m+l$ ) ! sweet occurr5ces ( transmitt$ light4 ,no mortal h& c approa* ! maje/y or lovel9ess ( x1 yet x is possible by c>e & skill at lea/ to sugge/ ! preci\sness ( its =ms & intimate ! nature ( its light & %ade2 b ?is has nev] be5 attempt$2 x c\ld n be done except by arti/s ( a rank exce$+ly high1 & !re is some?+ ab\t ! feel+ ( sn[ 9 ord9>y sc5]y :i* su* m5 d n l4 ,b :5 ! same qualities are exhibit$ on a magnific5t ,alp9e scale & 9 a position :]e !y int]f]e ) no feel+ ( life1 ,i see n :y !y %\ld be neglect$1 z !y h hi!rto be51 unless t ! difficulty ( reconcil+ ! brilliancy ( sn[ ) a picturesque light & %ade1 is s great t mo/ good arti/s disguise or avoid ! great] "p ( upp] ,alp9e sc5]y1 & h9t at ! glaci] s slightly1 t !y d n feel ! necessity ( c>eful /udy ( its =ms4 ,habits ( exagg]ation increase ! evil3 ,i h se5 a sket* f nature1 by "o ( ! mo/ able ( our l&scape pa9t]s1 9 :i* a cl\d _h be5 mi/ak5 = a sn[y summit1 & ! h9t ?us tak5 exagg]at$1 z 0 likely1 into an enorm\s mass ( impossible height1 & un9tellig5t =m1 :5 ! m\nta9 itself1 = :i* ! cl\d _h be5 mi/ak51 ?\gh subt5d+ an angle ( ab\t eighte5 or tw5ty degrees1 in/ead ( ! fifty attribut$ to x1 0 ( a =m s exquisite t x might h be5 a pr(itable lesson truly /udi$ to ,phidias4 ,no?+ b failure c result f su* me?ods ( sket*+1 nor h ,i ev] se5 a s+le in/ance ( an e>ne/ /udy ( sn[y m\nta9s by any "o4 ,h5ce1 :]ev] !y are introduc$1 _! draw+ is utt]ly un9tellig5t1 ! =ms be+ ^? ( :ite rocks1 or ( rocks lightly p[d]$ ) sn[1 %[+ suffici5tly t n only ! pa9t]s h nev] /udi$ ! m\nta9 c>efully f bel[1 b t !y h nev] climb$ into ! sn[y region4 ,h>d+'s r5d]+ ( ! high ,alps 7vide ! engrav+ ( ,*amonix1 & ( ! ,w5g]n ,alp1 9 ! illu/rations to ,byron7 is be/2 b ev5 he %[s no p]ception ( ! real anatomy4 ,/anfield pa9ts only :ite rocks in/ead ( sn[4 ,turn] inv>iably avoids ! difficulty1 ?\gh he has %[n himself capable ( grappl+ ) x 9 ! ice ( ! ,lib] ,/udiorum1 7,m] de ,glace17 :i* is v cold & slipp]y & v l ice2 b ( ! cru/s & wrea?s ( ! high] sn[ he has tak5 no cognizance4 ,ev5 ! vignettes to ,rog]s's ,poems fail 9 ?is respect4 ,x w\ld be va9 to attempt 9 ?is place to give any detail$ acc\nt ( ! ph5om5a ( ! upp] sn[s2 b x may be well to note ^? g5]al pr9ciples :i* e arti/ ought to keep 9 m9d :5 he has to pa9t an ,alp4 ,sec4 #bj4 ,g5]al pr9ciples ( its =ms on ! ,alps4 ,sn[ is modifi$ by ! "u =ms ( ! hill 9 "s sort1 z dress is by ! anatomy ( ! human frame4 ,& z no dress c be well laid on )\t conceiv+ ! body b5ea?1 s no ,alp c be drawn unless its "u =m is conceiv$ fir/1 & its sn[ laid on aft]w>ds4 ,e high ,alp has z mu* sn[ ^u x z x c hold or c>ry4 ,x is n1 obs]ve1 a m]e coat+ ( sn[ ( giv5 dep? ?r\gh\t1 b x is sn[ load$ on until ! rocks c hold no m4 ,! surplus does n fall 9 ! w9t]1 because1 fa/5$ by cont9ual fro/1 ! quantity ( sn[ :i* an ,alp c c>ry is great] ?an ea* s+le w9t] c be/[2 x falls 9 ! fir/ mild days ( spr+ 9 enorm\s avalan*es4 ,aft]w>ds ! melt+ cont9ues1 gradually remov+ f all ! /eep rocks ! small quantity ( sn[ :i* 0 all !y c\ld hold1 & leav+ !m black & b>e among ! accumulat$ fields ( unkn[n dep?1 :i* occupy ! capaci\s valleys & less incl9$ sup]fices ( ! m\nta94 ,h5ce x foll[s t ! deepe/ sn[ does n take nor indicate ! actual =ms ( ! rocks on :i* x lies1 b x hangs f peak to peak 9 unbrok5 & sweep+ fe/oons1 or cov]s :ole gr\ps ( peaks1 :i* af=d x suffici5t hold1 ) va/ & unbrok5 domes3 ^! fe/oons & domes be+ guid$ 9 _! curves1 & modifi$ 9 size1 by ! viol5ce & preval5t direction ( ! w9t] w9ds4 ,we h1 !re=e1 e v>iety ( indication ( ! "u m\nta9 =m2 fir/1 ! m]e coat+1 :i* is soon to be )drawn1 & :i* %[s z a m]e spr9kl+ or p[d]+ aft] a /orm on ! high] peaks2 !n ! %all[ incru/ation on ! /eep sides glaz$ by ! runn+ d[n ( its frequ5t melt+s1 froz5 aga9 9 ! night2 !n ! deep sn[ m or less cramp$ or modifi$ by sudd5 em95ces ( em]g5t rock1 or hang+ 9 fractur$ fe/oons & huge blue irregul> cliffs on ! m\nta9 flanks1 & ov] ! edges & summits ( _! precipices 9 nodd+ drifts1 f> ov]hang+1 l a cornice1 7p]il\s ?+s to approa* ! edge ( f above27 f9ally1 ! pure accumulation ( ov]:elm+ dep?1 smoo?1 sweep+1 & almo/ cleftless1 & modifi$ only by its l9es ( drift+4 ,c\ntless ph5om5a ( exquisite beauty belong to ea* ( ^! conditions1 n to speak ( ! transition ( ! sn[ into ice at l[] levels2 b all on :i* ,i %all at pres5t insi/ is t ! arti/ %\ld n ?9k ( 8 ,alp m]ely z a :ite m\nta91 b conceive x z a gr\p ( peaks load$ ) an accumulation ( sn[1 & t especially he %\ld avail himself ( ! exquisite curvatures1 nev] fail+1 by :i* ! sn[ unites & opposes ! h>% & brok5 l9es ( ! rock4 ,i %all ent] into f>!r detail on ?is subject h]eaft]2 at pres5t x is useless to d s1 z ,i h no examples to ref] to1 ei!r 9 anci5t or mod]n art4 ,no /atem5t ( ^! facts has hi!rto be5 made1 nor any evid5ce giv5 ev5 ( _! obs]vation1 except by ! mo/ inf]ior pa9t]s4#ee ,sec4 #ba4 ,av]age pa9t+s ( ,switz]l&4 ,its real _s has sc>cely yet be5 caught4 ,v>i\s works 9 gre5 & :ite appe> f "t to "t on ! walls ( ! ,academy1 l ! ,alps inde$1 b s frightfully l1 t we %udd] & sick5 at ! sight ( !m1 z we d :5 our be/ fri5d %[s u into 8 d9+-room1 to see a portrait ( himself1 :i* ev]ybody ?9ks v l4 ,we %\ld be glad to see few] ( ^!1 = ,switz]l& is q beyond ! p[] ( any b fir/-rate m51 & is exce$+ly bad practice = a ris+ arti/2 b1 let u express a hope t ,alp9e sc5]y w n cont9ue to be neglect$ z x has be51 by ^? :o alone are capable ( treat+ x4 ,we love ,italy1 b we h _h r a surfeit ( x lately2--too _m peak$ caps & flat-head$ p9es4 ,we %\ld be v grateful to ,h>d+ & ,/anfield if !y w\ld refre% u a little among ! sn[1 & give u1 :at we believe !m to be capable ( giv+ u1 a fai?ful expression ( ,alp9e ideal4 ,we are well aw>e ( ! pa9 inflict$ on an arti/'s m9d by ! prepond]ance ( black1 & :ite1 & gre51 ov] m available colors2 b !re is nev]!less 9 g5]ic ,alp9e sc5]y1 a f\nta9 ( feel+ yet unop5$--a *ord ( h>mony yet unt\*$ by art4 ,x w be /ruck by ! fir/ man :o c sep>ate :at is national1 9 ,switz]l&1 f :at is ideal4 ,we d n want *alets & ?ree-legg$ /ools1 c[-bells & butt]milk4 ,we want ! pure & holy hills1 treat$ z a l9k betwe5 heav5 & e>?4 ,,footnotes #ec ,"o ( ! mo/ g5u9e ,claudes ,i "k4 #ed ,comp>e ,"p ,,iii4 ,sect4 ,i4 ,*ap4 #i1 ,sec4 #e4 #ee ,i he> ( "s /udy ( ,alp9e sc5]y among ! pr(essors at ,g5eva2 b all =eign l&scape t ,i h ev] met ) has be5 s utt]ly ignorant t ,i hope = no?+ except f our own pa9t]s4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,( ,,! ,,inf]ior ,,m\nta9s4 ,sec4 #a4 ,! inf]ior m\nta9s are di/+ui%$ f ! c5tral by be+ divid$ into b$s4 ,we h next to inve/igate ! "* ( ^? int]m$iate masses :i* con/itute ! great] "p ( all hill sc5]y1 =m+ ! outworks ( ! high ranges1 & be+ almo/ ! sole con/itu5ts ( su* l[] gr\ps z ^? ( ,cumb]l&1 ,scotl&1 or ,s\? ,italy4 ,all m\nta9s :atsoev]1 n compos$ ( ! granite or gneiss rocks describ$ 9 ! prec$+ *apt]1 nor volcanic1 7^! latt] be+ comp>atively r>e17 are compos$ ( b$s1 n ( homog5e\s1 heap$ mat]ials1 b ( accumulat$ lay]s1 :e!r ( rock or soil4 ,x may be slate1 s&/one1 lime/one1 gravel1 or clay2 b :atev] ! sub/ance1 x is laid 9 lay]s1 n 9 a mass4 ,^! lay]s are sc>cely ev] horizontal1 & may slope to any degree1 (t5 occurr+ v]tical1 ! boldness ( ! hill outl9e commonly dep5d+ 9 a great degree on _! incl9ation4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is division into b$s1 e m\nta9 w h two great sets ( l9es m or less prevail+ 9 its cont\rs--"o indicative ( ! surfaces ( ! b$s1 :]e !y come out f "u ea* o!r--& ! o!r indicative ( ! extremities or edges ( ! b$s1 :]e _! cont9uity has be5 int]rupt$4 ,& ^! two great sets ( l9es w commonly be at "r angles ) ea* o!r1 or ne>ly s4 ,if ! surface ( ! b$ approa* a horizontal l9e1 its t]m9ation w approa* ! v]tical1 & ?is is ! mo/ usual & ord9>y way 9 :i* a precipice is produc$4 ,sec4 #b4 ,f>!r division ( ^! b$s by jo9ts4 ,f>!r1 9 almo/ all rocks !re is a ?ird division ( sub/ance1 :i* gives to _! b$s a t5d5cy to split transv]sely 9 "s directions r ?an o!rs1 giv+ rise to :at geologi/s call jo9ts1 & ?r[+ ! :ole rock into blocks m or less rhomboidal2 s t ! b$s are n t]m9at$ by torn or ragg$ edges1 b by faces comp>atively smoo? & ev51 usually incl9$ to ea* o!r at "s def9ite angle4 ,! :ole arrangem5t may be tol]ably repres5t$ by ! bricks ( a wall1 ^: ti]s may be consid]$ z /rata1 & ^: sides & extremities w repres5t ! jo9ts by :i* ^? /rata are divid$1 v>y+1 h[ev]1 _! direction 9 diff]5t rocks1 & 9 ! same rock "u diff]+ circum/ances4 ,sec4 #c4 ,& by l9es ( lam9ation4 ,f9ally1 9 ! slates1 grauwackes1 & "s calc>e\s b$s1 9 ! great] numb]1 inde$1 ( m\nta9 rocks1 we f9d ano!r mo/ conspicu\s feature ( g5]al /ructure--! l9es ( lam9ation1 :i* divide ! :ole rock into an inf9ite numb] ( delicate plates or lay]s1 sometimes p>allel to ! direction or /rike ( ! /rata1 (t5] obliquely cross+ x1 & sometimes1 app>5tly1 altoge!r indep5d5t ( x1 ma9ta9+ a consi/5t & unv>y+ slope ?r\gh a s]ies ( b$s contort$ & undulat+ 9 e conceivable direction4 ,^! l9es ( lam9ation ext5d _! influ5ce to ! smalle/ fragm5t1 caus+ x 7z1 = example1 common ro(+ slate7 to break smoo? 9 "o direction1 & ) a ragg$ edge 9 ano!r1 & m>k+ ! faces ( ! b$s & jo9ts ) di/9ct & numb]less l9es1 commonly f> m conspicu\s 9 a ne> view ?an ! l>g] & m important divisions4 ,sec4 #d4 ,v>iety & seem+ unc]ta9ty "u :i* ^! laws are manife/$4 ,n[1 x _c be too c>efully held 9 m9d1 9 exam9+ ! pr9ciples ( m\nta9 /ructure1 t ne>ly all ! laws ( nature ) respect to ext]nal =m are r univ]sal t5d5cies1 evid5c$ by a plurality ( in/ances1 ?an imp]ative necessities compli$ ) by all4 ,= in/ance1 x may be said to be a univ]sal law ) respect to ! b\ghs ( all trees t !y incl9e _! extremities m to ! gr\nd 9 proportion z !y are l[] on ! trunk1 & t ! high] _! po9t ( ins]tion is1 ! m !y %>e 9 ! upw>d t5d5cy ( ! trunk itself4 ,b yet !re is n a s+le gr\p ( b\ghs 9 any "o tree :i* does n %[ exceptions to ! rule1 & pres5t b\ghs l[] 9 ins]tion1 & yet /eep] 9 incl9ation1 ?an _! neighbors4 ,nor is ?is defect or de=mity1 b ! result ( ! con/ant habit ( nature to c>ry v>iety into h] v pr9ciples1 & make ! symmetry & beauty ( h] laws ! m felt by ! grace & accid5talism ) :i* !y are c>ri$ out4 ,no "o famili> ) foliage c\ld d\bt = an in/ant ( ! necessity ( giv+ evid5ce ( ?is d[nw>d t5d5cy 9 ! b\ghs2 b x w\ld be ne>ly z great an (f5ce aga9/ tru? to make ! law hold good ) e individual bran*1 z n to exhibit its influ5ce on ! majority4 ,n[1 ?\gh ! laws ( m\nta9 =m are m rigid & con/ant ?an ^? ( vegetation1 !y are subject to ! same species ( exception 9 c>ry+ out4 ,?\gh e m\nta9 has ^! great t5d5cies 9 its l9es1 n "o 9 a ?\s& ( ^? l9es is absolutely consi/5t ) & ob$i5t to ?is univ]sal t5d5cy4 ,!re are l9es 9 e direction1 & ( almo/ e k9d1 b ! sum & aggregate ( ^? l9es w inv>iably indicate ! univ]sal =ce & influ5ce to :i* !y are all subject$2 & ( ^! l9es !re w1 ,i repeat1 be two pr9cipal sets or classes1 pretty ne>ly at "r angles ) ea* o!r4 ,:5 bo? are incl9$1 !y give rise to peaks or ridges2 :5 "o is ne>ly horizontal & ! o!r v]tical1 to table-l&s & precipices4 ,?is !n is ! broad organization ( all hills1 modifi$ aft]w>ds by "t & wea!r1 conceal$ by sup]9cumb5t soil & vegetation1 & ramifi$ into m9or & m delicate details 9 a way pres5tly to be consid]$1 b nev]!less univ]sal 9 its great fir/ influ5ce1 & giv+ to all m\nta9s a p>ticul> ca/ & incl9ation2 l ! ex]tion ( volunt>y p[] 9 a def9ite direction1 an int]nal _s1 manife/+ itself 9 e crag1 & brea?+ 9 e slope1 fl++ & =c+ ! mighty mass t[>ds ! heav5 ) an expression & an en]gy l t ( life4 ,sec4 #e4 ,! p]fect expression ( !m 9 ,turn]'s ,lo* ,corisk94 ,n[1 z 9 ! case ( ! /ructure ( ! c5tral peaks describ$ above1 s also "h1 if ,i _h to give a cle> idea ( ?is organization ( ! l[] hills1 :]e x is se5 9 its greate/ p]fection1 ) a m]e view to geological tru?1 ,i %\ld n ref] to any geological draw+s1 b ,i %\ld take ! ,lo* ,corisk9 ( ,turn]4 ,x has luckily be5 admirably engrav$1 & = all purposes ( reason+ or =m1 is ne>ly z effective 9 ! pr9t z 9 ! draw+4 ,look+ at any gr\p ( ! multitud9\s l9es :i* make up ?is mass ( m\nta91 !y appe> to be runn+ any:]e & ev]y:]e2 !re are none p>allel to ea* o!r1 none resembl+ ea* o!r = a mom5t2 yet ! :ole mass is felt at once to be compos$ ) ! mo/ rigid p>allelism1 ! surfaces ( ! b$s t[>ds ! left1 _! edges or esc>pm5ts t[>ds ! "r4 ,9 ! c5tre1 ne> ! top ( ! ridge1 ! edge ( a b$ is beautifully def9$1 ca/+ its %ad[ on ! surface ( ! "o b5ea? x2 ?is %ad[ m>k+ by ?ree jags ! *asms caus$ 9 ! inf]ior "o by ?ree ( its p>allel jo9ts4 ,e peak 9 ! di/ance is evid5tly subject to ! same great influ5ce1 & ! evid5ce is complet$ by ! flatness & ev5ness ( ! /eep surfaces ( ! b$s :i* rise out ( ! lake on ! extreme "r1 p>allel ) ^? 9 ! c5tre4 ,sec4 #f4 ,gl5coe & o!r works4 ,sec4 #g4 ,especially ! ,m\nt ,lebanon4 ,turn to ,gl5coe1 9 ! same s]ies 7! ,illu/rations to ,scott74 ,we h 9 ! mass ( m\nta9 on ! left1 ! mo/ beautiful indication ( v]tical b$s ( a f9ely lam9at$ rock1 t]m9at$ by ev5 jo9ts t[>ds ! precipice2 :ile ! :ole sweep ( ! l&scape1 z f> z ! mo/ di/ant peaks1 is evid5tly gov]n$ by "o great & simple t5d5cy upw>ds to ! left1 ^? mo/ di/ant peaks !mselves ly+ ov] "o ano!r 9 ! same direction4 ,9 ! ,daphne hunt+ ) ,leucippus1 ! m\nta9s on ! left desc5d 9 two precipices to ! pla91 ea* ( :i* is =m$ by a va/ esc>pm5t ( ! b$s ^: upp] surfaces are %[n betwe5 ! two cliffs1 s9k+ ) an ev5 slope f ! summit ( ! l[e/ to ! base ( ! highe/1 "u :i* !y evid5tly desc5d1 be+ expos$ 9 ?is mann] = a l5g? ( five or six miles4 ,! same /ructure is %[n1 ?\gh ) m complicat$ developm5t1 on ! left ( ! ,lo* ,katr9e4 ,b p]haps ! f9e/ in/ance1 or at lea/ ! mo/ m>k$ ( all1 w be f\nd 9 ! exquisite ,m\nt ,lebanon1 ) ! conv5t ( ,/4 ,antonio1 engrav$ 9 ,f9d5's ,bible4 ,!re is n "o %ade nor t\* on ! rock :i* is n indicative ( ! l9es ( /ratification2 & e fracture is m>k$ ) a /raight=w>d simplicity :i* makes y feel t ! arti/ has no?+ 9 8 he>t b a ke5 love ( ! pure unmodifi$ tru?2 !re is no ef=t to disguise ! repetition ( =ms1 no app>5t aim at artificial arrangem5t or sci5tific gr\p+2 ! rocks are laid "o above ano!r ) unhesitat+ decision2 e %ade is und]/ood 9 a mom5t1 felt z a d>k side1 or a %ad[1 or a fissure1 & y may /ep f "o block or b$ to ano!r until y rea* ! m\nta9 summit4 ,& yet1 ?\gh !re seems no ef=t to disguise ! repetition ( =ms1 see h[ x is disguis$1 j z nature w\ld h done x1 by ! p]petual play & *angefulness ( ! v l9es :i* appe> s p>allel2 n[ b5d+ a little up1 or d[n1 or los+ !mselves1 or runn+ into ea* o!r1 ! old /ory ov] & ov] aga91--inf9ity4 ,= "h is /ill ! great di/9ction betwe5 ,turn]'s "w & t ( a common arti/4 ,hundr$s c\ld h giv5 ! p>allelism ( blocks1 b none b himself c\ld h done s )\t ! actual repetition ( a s+le l9e or feature4 ,sec4 #h4 ,comp>$ ) ! "w ( ,salvator2 ,n[ comp>e ) ?is ! second m\nta9 f ! left 9 ! picture ( ,salvator1 ,no4 #bbj 9 ! ,dulwi* ,gall]y4 ,! :ole is fir/ laid 9 ) a v delicate & ma/]ly gray1 "r 9 tone1 agreeable 9 color1 q unobjectionable = a beg9n+4 ,b h[ is ?is made into rock8 ,on ! light side ,salvator gives u a multitude ( t\*es1 all exactly l "o ano!r1 & !re=e1 x is to be hop$1 q patt]ns ( p]fection 9 rock-draw+1 s9ce !y are too good to be ev5 v>i$4 ,e t\* is a da% ( ! bru%1 z ne>ly z possible 9 ! %ape ( a comma1 r\nd & bright at ! top1 convex on its "r side1 concave on its left1 & melt+ (f at ! bottom into ! gray4 ,^! are laid 9 confusion "o above ano!r1 "s pal]1 "s bright]1 "s sc>cely disc]nible1 b all alike 9 %ape4 ,n[1 ,i am n aw>e myself ( any p>ticul> object1 ei!r 9 e>? or heav51 :i* ^! said t\*es d at all resemble or portray4 ,i d n1 h[ev]1 ass]t t !y may n resemble some?+--fea!rs1 p]haps2 b ,i d say1 & say ) p]fect confid5ce1 t !y may be ,*9ese = rocks1 or ,sanscrit = rocks1 or symbolical ( rocks 9 "s my/]i\s & undevelop$ "*2 b t !y are no m l rocks ?an ! bru% t made !m4 ,! d>k sides appe> to embrace & ov]hang ! lights2 !y ca/ no %ad[s1 are brok5 by no fissures1 & furni%1 z food = contemplation1 no?+ b a s]ies ( concave curves4 ,sec4 #i4 ,& ( ,p\ss94 ,yet if we g on to ,no4 #bfi1 we %all f9d some?+ a great deal worse4 ,i c believe ,gasp> ,p\ss9 capable ( committ+ z mu* s9 aga9/ nature z mo/ p2 b ,i c]ta9ly d n suspect him ( hav+ _h any h& 9 ?is ?+1 at lea/ aft] he 0 t5 ye>s old4 ,nev]!less1 x %[s :at he is suppos$ capable ( by 8 admir]s1 & w s]ve = a broad illu/ration ( all ^? absurdities :i* he himself 9 a less degree1 & ) feel+ & ?\ght to atone = !m1 p]petually commits4 ,take ! :ite bit ( rock on ! opposite side ( ! riv]1 j above ! "r arm ( ! ,niobe1 & tell me ( :at ! squ>e gre5 daubs ( ! bru% at its base c be conjectur$ to be typical4 ,rocks ) pale-br[n light sides1 & ri* gre5 d>k sides1 are a ph5om5on p]haps occurr+ 9 "s ( ! improv$ passages ( nature among our ,cumb]l& lakes2 :]e ,i rememb] once hav+ se5 a b$ ( roses1 ( peculi> magnific5ce1 ta/efully & arti/ically assi/$ 9 effect by ! rocks above x be+ pa9t$ p9k to mat*2 b ,i d n ?9k t !y are a k9d ( ?+ :i* ! clums9ess & false ta/e ( nature c be suppos$ frequ5tly to produce2 ev5 grant+ t ^! same sweeps ( ! bru% c\ld1 by any ex]cise ( ! imag9ation1 be conceiv$ repres5tative ( a d>k1 or any o!r side1 :i* is f> m ?an ,i am incl9$ to grant2 see+ t !re is no ea/ %ad[1 no appe>ance ( reflect$ light1 ( sub/ance1 or ( "* on ! edge2 no?+1 9 %ort1 b pure1 />+ gre5 pa9t1 scrat*$ heavily on a :ite gr\nd4 ,nor is !re a t\* 9 ! picture m expressive4 ,all are ! m]e dragg+ ( ! bru% "h & !re & ev]y:]e1 )\t mean+ or int5tion2 w9d+1 twi/+1 zigzagg+1 do+ any?+ 9 fact :i* may s]ve to break up ! light & de/roy its bread?1 )\t be/[+ 9 return "o h9t or %ad[ ( any?+ l =m4 ,?is picture is1 inde$1 an extraord9>y case1 b ! ,salvator above m5tion$ is a *>act]i/ic & exce$+ly favorable example ( ! usual mode ( m\nta9 draw+ among ! old l&scape pa9t]s4#ef ,_! admir]s may be *all5g$ to br+ =w>d a s+le in/ance ( _! express+1 or ev5 appe>+ to h not$1 ! great laws ( /ructure above expla9$4 ,_! hills are1 )\t exception1 irregul> e>?y heaps1 )\t en]gy or direction ( any k9d1 m>k$ ) %apeless %ad[s & mean+less l9es2 sometimes1 inde$1 :]e great sublimity has be5 aim$ at1 approximat+ to ! pure & exalt$ ideal ( rocks1 :i*1 9 ! mo/ arti/ical specim5s ( ,*9a cups & plates1 we see susp5d$ f a]ial pagodas1 or balanc$ ^u peacocks' tails1 b nev] w>rant+ ev5 ! wilde/ !ori/ 9 ! conjecture t _! p]petrators _h ev] se5 a m\nta9 9 _! lives4 ,let u1 h[ev]1 look f>!r into ! modifications ( "* by :i* nature conceals ! regul>ity ( h] fir/ plan2 = al?\gh all m\nta9s are organiz$ z we h se51 _! organization is always modifi$1 & (t5 ne>ly conceal$1 by *anges wr\ght ^u !m by ext]nal influ5ce4 ,sec4 #aj4 ,effects ( ext]nal influ5ce on m\nta9 =m4 ,we ought1 :5 speak+ ( _! /ratification1 to h notic$ ano!r great law1 :i* mu/1 h[ev]1 be und]/ood ) great] latitude ( application ?an any ( ! o!rs1 z v f> f imp]ative or con/ant 9 p>ticul> cases1 ?\gh univ]sal 9 its influ5ce on ! aggregate ( all4 ,x is t ! l9es by :i* rocks are t]m9at$1 are always /eep] & m incl9$ to ! v]tical z we approa* ! summit ( ! m\nta94 ,?\s&s ( cases are to be f\nd 9 e gr\p1 ( rocks & l9es horizontal at ! top ( ! m\nta9 & v]tical at ! bottom2 b !y are /ill ! exceptions1 & ! av]age out ( a giv5 numb] ( l9es 9 any rock =mation :atsoev]1 w be f\nd increas+ 9 p]p5dicul>ity z !y rise4 ,consequ5tly ! great skeleton l9es ( rock outl9e are always concave2 t is to say1 all di/ant ranges ( rocky m\nta9 approximate m or less to a s]ies ( concave curves1 meet+ 9 peaks1 l a range ( po/s ) *a9s hang+ betwe54 ,i d n say t convex =ms w n p]petually occur1 b t ! t5d5cy ( ! majority w always be to assume ! =m ( sweep+1 curv$ valleys1 ) angul> peaks2 n ( r\nd$ convex summits1 ) angul> valleys4 ,?is /ructure is admirably exemplifi$ 9 ! second vignette 9 ,rog]s's ,italy1 & 9 ,piac5za4 ,sec4 #aa4 ,! g5tle convexity caus$ by aque\s erosion4 ,b al?\gh ?is is ! prim>y =m ( all hills1 & t :i* w always cut aga9/ ! sky 9 e di/ant range1 !re are two great influ5ces ^: t5d5cy is directly ! rev]se1 & :i* modify1 to a great degree1 bo? ! evid5ces ( /ratification & ?is ext]nal =m4 ,^! are aque\s erosion & dis9tegration4 ,! latt] only is to be tak5 into consid]ation :5 we h to d ) m9or features ( crag2 b ! =m] is a =ce 9 con/ant action--( ! v utmo/ importance--a =ce to :i* "o-half ( ! great outl9es ( all m\nta9s is entirely ow+1 & :i* has mu* influ5ce ^u e "o ( _! details4 ,n[ ! t5d5cy ( aque\s action ov] a l>ge elevat$ surface is always to make t surface symmetrically & ev5ly convex & dome-l1 slop+ gradually m & m z x desc5ds1 until x rea*es an incl9ation ( ab\t #dj deg41 at :i* slope x w desc5d p]fectly /raight to ! valley2 = at t slope ! soil wa%$ f above w accumulate ^u ! hill-side1 z x _c lie 9 /eep] b$s4 ,?is influ5ce1 !n1 is ex]cis$ m or less on all m\nta9s1 ) great] or less effect 9 proportion z ! rock is h>d] or s(t]1 m or less liable to decomposition1 m or less rec5t 9 date ( elevation1 & m or less *>act]i/ic 9 its orig9al =ms2 b x univ]sally induces1 9 ! l[] p>ts ( m\nta9s1 a s]ies ( ! mo/ exquisitely symmetrical convex curves1 t]m9at+1 z !y desc5d to ! valley1 9 uni=m & un9t]rupt$ slopes2 ?is symmetrical /ructure be+ p]petually int]rupt$ by cliffs & project+ masses1 :i* give evid5ce ( ! int]ior p>allelism ( ! m\nta9 anatomy1 b :i* int]rupt ! convex =ms m frequ5tly by ris+ out ( !m1 ?an by ind5tation4 ,sec4 #ab4 ,& ! effect ( ! action ( torr5ts4 ,!re rema9s b "o fact m to be notic$4 ,all m\nta9s1 9 "s degree1 b especially ^? :i* are compos$ ( s(t or decompos+ sub/ance1 are delicately & symmetrically furr[$ by ! desc5t ( /reams4 ,! traces ( _! action comm5ce at ! v summits1 f9e ?reads1 & multitud9\s1 l ! upp]mo/ bran*es ( a delicate tree4 ,!y unite 9 gr\ps z !y desc5d1 conc5trat+ gradually into d>k undulat+ rav9es1 into :i* ! body ( ! m\nta9 desc5ds on ea* side1 at fir/ 9 a convex curve1 b at ! bottom ) ! same uni=m slope on ea* side :i* x assumes 9 its f9al desc5t to ! pla91 unless ! rock be v h>d1 :5 ! /ream w cut itself a v]tical *asm at ! bottom ( ! curves1 & !re w be no ev5 slope4#eg ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 ! rock be v s(t1 ! slopes w increase rapidly 9 height & dep? f day to day2 wa%$ away at ! bottom & crumbl+ at ! top1 until1 by _! rea*+ ! summit ( ! masses ( rock :i* sep>ate ! active torr5ts1 ! :ole m\nta9 is divid$ into a s]ies ( p5?\se-l ridges1 all guid+ to its summit1 & becom+ /eep] & n>r[] z !y asc5d2 ^! 9 _! turn be+ divid$ by simil>1 b small] rav9es--caus$ 9 ! same mann]--into ! same k9d ( ridges2 & ^! aga9 by ano!r s]ies1 ! arrangem5t be+ c>ri$ f9] & f>!r accord+ to ! s(tness ( ! rock4 ,! s\? side ( ,saddleback1 9 ,cumb]l&1 is a *>act]i/ic example2 & ! ,montagne du ,tacondy1 9 ,*amonix1 a noble in/ance ( "o ( ^! ridges or buttresses1 ) all its subdivisions1 on a colossal scale4 ,sec4 #ac4 ,! exce$+ simplicity ( cont\r caus$ by ^! influ5ces4 ,sec4 #ad4 ,& multiplicity ( feature4 ,n[ we wi% to draw especial att5tion to ! broad & bold simplicity ( mass1 & ! excessive complication ( details1 :i* influ5ces l ^!1 act+ on an enorm\s scale1 mu/ inevitably produce 9 all m\nta9 gr\ps2 because ea* individual "p & promontory1 be+ compell$ to assume ! same symmetrical curves z its neighbors1 & to desc5d at precisely ! same slope to ! valley1 falls 9 ) _! prevail+ l9es1 & becomes a "p ( a great & h>moni\s :ole1 in/ead ( an unconnect$ & discordant individual4 ,x is true t ea* ( ^! memb]s has its own t\*es ( specific "*1 its own project+ crags & peculi> holl[s2 b by f> ! great] portion ( its l9es w be su* z unite )1 ?\gh !y d n repeat1 ^? ( its neighbors1 & c>ry out ! evid5ce ( "o great influ5ce & _s to ! limits ( ! sc5e4 ,?is ef=t is f>!r aid$ by ! orig9al unity & connection ( ! rocks !mselves1 :i* ?\gh x (t5 may be viol5tly int]rupt$1 is nev] )\t evid5ce ( exi/5ce2 = ! v int]ruption itself =ces ! eye to feel t !re is some?+ to be int]rupt$1 a sympa?y & simil>ity ( l9es & fractures1 :i*1 h[ev] full ( v>iety & *ange ( direction1 nev] lose ! appe>ance ( symmetry ( "o k9d or ano!r4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 x is to be rememb]$ t ^! great sympa?iz+ masses are n "o m\nta91 b a ?\s& m\nta9s2 t !y are orig9ally compos$ ( a multitude ( sep>ate em95ces1 hewn & *isell$ inde$ into associat+ =m1 b ea* reta9+ /ill its m>k$ po9ts & features ( "*1--t ea* ( ^! individual memb]s has1 by ! v process :i* assimilat$ x to ! re/1 be5 divid$ & subdivid$ into equally multitud9\s gr\ps ( m9or m\nta9s2 f9ally1 t ! :ole complicat$ sy/em is int]rupt$ =ev] & ev] by d>+ manife/ations ( ! inw>d m\nta9 w--by ! precipice :i* has submitt$ to no modulation ( ! torr5t1 & ! peak :i* has b[$ itself to no t]ror ( ! /orm4 ,h5ce we see t ! same imp]ative laws :i* require p]fect simplicity ( mass1 require inf9ite & t]mless complication ( detail1--t !re w n be an in* nor a hairbread? ( ! gigantic heap :i* has n its t\* ( sep>ate "*1 its own peculi> curve1 /eal+ out = an in/ant & !n melt+ into ! common l9e2 felt = a mom5t by ! blue mi/ ( ! holl[ beyond1 !n lo/ :5 x crosses ! enlight5$ slope1--t all ?is multiplicity w be gr\p$ into l>g] divisions1 ea* felt by _! increas+ a]ial p]spective1 & _! in/ants ( individual =m1 ^! into l>g]1 & ^! into l>g] /ill1 until all are m]g$ 9 ! great impression & prevail+ en]gy ( ! two or ?ree va/ dyna/ies :i* divide ! k+dom ( ! sc5e4 ,sec4 #ae4 ,bo? utt]ly neglect$ 9 anci5t art4 ,!re is no ve/ige nor %ad[ ( approa* to su* treatm5t z ?is 9 ! :ole compass ( anci5t art4 ,:oev] ! ma/]1 8 hills1 :]ev] he has attempt$ !m1 h n ! slighte/ trace ( association or connection2 !y are sep>ate1 conflict+1 confus$1 petty & paltry heaps ( e>?2 !re is no m>k+ ( di/ances or divisions 9 _! body2 !y may h holes 9 !m1 b no valleys1--protub]ances & excresc5ces1 b no p>ts2 & 9 consequ5ce are inv>iably dim9utive & contemptible 9 _! :ole appe>ance & impression4 ,sec4 #af4 ,! fidelity ( treatm5t 9 ,turn]'s ,daphne & ,leucippas4 ,b look at ! mass ( m\nta9 on ! "r 9 ,turn]'s ,daphne hunt+ ) ,leucippus4 ,x is simple1 broad1 & unit$ z "o surge ( a swell+ sea2 x rises 9 an unbrok5 l9e along ! valley1 & lifts its promontories ) an equal slope4 ,b x conta9s 9 its body t5 ?\s& hills4 ,!re is n a qu>t] ( an in* ( its surface )\t its sugge/ion ( increas+ di/ance & individual =m4 ,fir/1 on ! "r1 y h a range ( t[]-l precipices1 ! cl++ wood climb+ along _! l$ges & cre/+ _! summits1 :ite wat]falls gleam+ ?r\gh its leaves2 n1 z 9 ,claude's sci5tific ideals1 p\r$ 9 va/ torr5ts ov] ! top1 & c>efully keep+ all ! way d[n on ! mo/ project+ p>ts ( ! sides2 b /eal+ d[n1 trac$ f po9t to po9t1 ?r\gh %ad[ aft] %ad[1 by _! evanesc5t foam & fla%+ light1--"h a wrea?1 & !re a ray1--?r\gh ! deep *asms & holl[ rav9es1 out ( :i* rise ! s(t r\nd$ slopes ( mighti] m\nta91 surge beyond surge1 imm5se & numb]less1 ( delicate & gradual curve1 accumulat+ 9 ! sky until _! g>m5t ( =e/ is ex*ang$ = ! %ad[y fold ( slumbr\s morn+ cl\d1 above :i* ! utmo/ silv] peak %9es isl&$ & alone4 ,put :at m\nta9 pa9t+ y w beside ?is1 ( any o!r arti/1 & its heights w look l mole-hills 9 comp>ison1 because x w n h ! unity nor ! multiplicity :i* are 9 nature1 & ) ,turn]1 ! signs ( size4 ,sec4 #ag4 ,& 9 ! ,avalan*e & ,inundation4 ,aga91 9 ! ,avalan*e & ,inundation1 we h = ! :ole subject no?+ b "o va/ bank ( unit$ m\nta91 & "o /ret* ( un9t]rupt$ valley4 ,?\gh ! bank is brok5 into promontory beyond promontory1 peak above peak1 ea* ! abode ( a new tempe/1 ! arbit] ( a sep>ate desolation1 divid$ f ea* o!r by ! ru%+ ( ! sn[1 by ! motion ( ! /orm1 by ! ?und] ( ! torr5t2 ! mighty unison ( _! d>k & l(ty l9e1 ! bro!rhood ( ages1 is pres]v$ unbrok52 & ! broad valley at _! feet1 ?\gh measur$ league aft] league away by a ?\s& passages ( sun & d>kness1 & m>k$ ) fate beyond fate ( hamlet & ( inhabitant1 lies yet b z a /raight & n>r[ *annel1 a fill+ furr[ be=e ! flood4 ,^: "w w y comp>e ) ?is8 ,salvator's gray heaps ( e>?1 sev5 y>ds high1 cov]$ ) bun*y brambles1 t we may be "u no mi/ake ab\t ! size1 ?r[n ab\t at r&om 9 a little pla91 beside a zigzagg+ riv]1 j wide en\gh to admit ( ! possibility ( !re be+ fi% 9 x1 & ) banks j broad en\gh to all[ ! respectable angl] or h]mit to sit ^u !m conv5i5tly 9 ! =egr\nd8 ,is !re m ( nature 9 su* paltr9ess1 ?9k y1 ?an 9 ! valley & ! m\nta9 :i* b5d to ea* o!r l ! tr\gh ( ! sea2 ) ! flank ( ! "o swept 9 "o surge into ! height ( heav51 until ! p9e =e/s lie on its imm5sity l ! %ad[s ( n>r[ cl\ds1 & ! holl[ ( ! o!r laid league by league into ! blue ( ! air1 until its :ite villages fla% 9 ! di/ance only l ! fall ( a sunbeam8 ,sec4 #ah4 ,! r>ity among second>y hills ( /eep slopes or high precipices4 ,b let u exam9e by :at managem5t ( ! details !mselves ?is :ol5ess & va/ness ( effect are giv54 ,we h j se5 7,sec4 #aa7 t x is impossible = ! slope ( a m\nta91 n actually a precipice ( rock1 to exce$ #ce deg4 or among second>y #dj deg41 & t by f> ! great] "p ( all hill-surface is compos$ ( graceful curves ( mu* less degree ?an ?is1 rea*+ #dj deg4 only z _! ultimate & utmo/ incl9ation4 ,x mu/ be f>!r obs]v$ t ! int]ruptions to su* curves1 by precipices or /eps1 are always small 9 proportion to ! slopes !mselves4 ,precipices ris+ v]tically m ?an #ajj feet are v r>e among ! second>y hills ( :i* we are speak+4 ,i am n aw>e ( any cliff 9 ,engl& or ,wales :]e a plumb-l9e c sw+ cle> = #bjj feet2 & ev5 al?\gh sometimes1 ) int]vals1 breaks1 & /eps1 we get p]haps #hjj feet ( a slope ( #fj deg4 or #gj deg41 yet n only are ^! cases v r>e1 b ev5 ^! h little influ5ce on ! great cont\rs ( a m\nta9 #djjj or #ejjj feet 9 elevation1 be+ commonly balanc$ by int]vals ( asc5t n exce$+ #f deg4 or #h deg44 ,! result ( :i* is1 fir/1 t ! peaks & precipices ( a m\nta9 appe> z little m ?an jags or /eps em]g+ f its great curves2 &1 secondly1 t ! bases ( all hills are enorm\sly ext5sive z comp>$ ) _! elevation1 s t !re mu/ be always a horizontal di/ance betwe5 ! obs]v] & ! summit five or six times exce$+ ! p]p5dicul> "o4 ,sec4 #ai4 ,& consequ5t expression ( horizontal di/ance 9 _! asc5t4 ,n[ x is evid5t1 t :atev] ! actual angle ( elevation ( ! m\nta9 may be1 e exhibition ( ?is horizontal di/ance betwe5 u & ! summit is an addition to its height1 & ( c\rse to its impressiv5ess2 :ile e endeavor to exhibit its slope z /eep & sudd51 is dim9ution at once ( its di/ance & elevation4 ,9 consequ5ce nature is con/antly endeavor+ to impress ^u u ?is horizontal di/ance1 :i*1 ev5 9 spite ( all h] means ( manife/+ x1 we are apt to =get or und]e/imate2 & all h] noble/ effects dep5d on ! full measurem5t & feel+ ( x4 ,& x is to ! abundant & m>vell\s expression ( x by ,turn]1 t ,i w\ld direct especial att5tion1 z be+ t :i* is 9 itself demon/rative ( ! highe/ k & p[]--k1 9 ! con/ant use ( l9es ( subdu$ slope 9 pref]5ce to /eep or viol5t asc5ts1 & 9 ! p]fect subjection ( all su* features1 :5 !y necess>ily occur1 to ! l>g] masses2 & p[]1 9 ! inimitable /atem5ts ( retir+ space by m]e pa9t+ ( surface details1 )\t ! aid ( cross+ %ad[s1 divid$ =ms1 or any o!r artifice4 ,sec4 #bj4 ,full /atem5t ( all ^! facts 9 v>i\s works ( ,turn]1 ,caudebec1 etc4 ,! ,caudebec1 9 ! ,riv]s ( ,france1 is a f9e in/ance ( almo/ e fact :i* we h be5 po9t+ out4 ,we h 9 x1 fir/1 ! cle> expression ( :at takes place con/antly among hills1--t ! riv]1 z x passes ?r\gh ! valley1 w fall backw>ds & =w>ds f side to side1 ly+ fir/1 if ,i may s speak1 ) all its weight aga9/ ! hills on ! "o side1 & !n aga9/ ^? on ! o!r2 s t1 z "h x is exquisitely told1 9 ea* ( its circul> sweeps ! :ole =ce ( its curr5t is br\ght deep & close to ! bases ( ! hills1 :ile ! wat] on ! side next ! pla9 is %all[1 deep5+ gradually4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is1 ! hills are cut away at _! bases by ! curr5t1 s t _! slopes are int]rupt$ by precipices m\ld]+ to ! wat]4 ,obs]ve fir/1 h[ nobly ,turn] has giv5 u ! p]fect unity ( ! :ole mass ( hill1 mak+ u und]/& t e rav9e 9 x has be5 cut gradually by /reams4 ,! fir/ em95ce1 beyond ! city1 is n disjo9t$ f1 or indep5d5t (1 ! "o succe$+1 b evid5tly "p ( ! same :ole1 orig9ally unit$1 sep>at$ only by ! action ( ! /ream betwe54 ,! association ( ! second & ?ird is /ill m cle>ly told1 = we see t !re has be5 a little longitud9al valley runn+ along ! br[ ( _! =m] unit$ mass1 :i*1 aft] ! rav9e _h be5 cut betwe51 =m$ ! two jags :i* ,turn] has giv5 u at ! same po9t 9 ea* ( _! curves4 ,?is great triple gr\p has1 h[ev]1 be5 orig9ally di/9ct f ^? beyond x2 = we see t ^! latt] are only ! t]m9ation ( ! enorm\s ev5 slope1 :i* appe>s aga9 on ! extreme "r1 hav+ be5 int]rupt$ by ! rise ( ! ne> hills4 ,obs]ve h[ ! desc5t ( ! :ole s]ies is kept g5tle & subdu$1 nev] suff]$ to become /eep except :]e x has be5 cut away by ! riv]1 ! sudd5 precipice caus$ by :i* is exquisitely m>k$ 9 ! la/ two promontories1 :]e !y are def9$ aga9/ ! bright horizon2 &1 f9ally1 obs]ve h[1 9 ! asc5t ( ! ne>e/ em95ce beyond ! city1 )\t "o ca/ %ad[ or any division ( di/ances1 e y>d ( surface is felt to be retir+ by ! m]e pa9t+ ( its details1--h[ we are p]mitt$ to walk up x1 & along its top1 & are c>ri$1 be=e we are half way up1 a league or two =w>d into ! picture4 ,! difficulty ( do+ ?is1 h[ev]1 c sc>cely be appreciat$ except by an arti/4 ,sec4 #ba4 ,! use ( consid]+ geological tru?s4 ,i d n mean to ass]t t ?is great pa9t] is acqua9t$ ) ! geological laws & facts he has ?us illu/rat$2 ,i am n aw>e :e!r he be or n2 ,i m]ely wi% to demon/rate1 9 po9ts admitt+ ( demon/ration1 t int5se obs]vation (1 & /rict adh]5ce to tru?1 :i* x is impossible to demon/rate 9 its less tangible & m delicate manife/ations4 ,h[ev] ,i may feel ! tru? ( e t\* & l9e1 ,i _c prove tru?1 except 9 l>ge & g5]al features2 & ,i leave x to ! arbitration ( e man's reason1 :e!r x be n likely t ! pa9t] :o is ?us s rigidly fai?ful 9 great ?+s t e "o ( 8 pictures might be ! illu/ration ( a lecture on ! physical sci5ces1 is n likely to be fai?ful also 9 small4 ,sec4 #bb4 ,expression ( retir+ surface by ,turn] contra/$ ) ! "w ( ,claude4 ,honfleur1 & ! sc5e betwe5 ,clairmont & ,mauves1 supply u ) f>!r in/ances ( ! same gr& simplicity ( treatm5t2 & ! latt] is especially rem>kable = its expression ( ! furr[+ ( ! hills by desc5d+ wat]1 9 ! complete r\ndness & symmetry ( _! curves1 & 9 ! delicate & %>p %ad[s :i* are ca/ 9 ! undulat+ rav9es4 ,x is int]e/+ to comp>e ) ei!r ( ^! noble works su* hills z ^? ( ,claude1 on ! left ( ! picture m>k$ #bfj 9 ! ,dulwi* ,gall]y4 ,!re is no detail nor surface 9 "o ( !m2 n an in* ( gr\nd = u to /& ^u2 we mu/ ei!r sit a/ride ^u ! edge1 or fall to ! bottom4 ,i c\ld n po9t to a m complete in/ance ( m\nta9 calumniation2 nor c ,i oppose x m completely1 9 e circum/ance1 ?an ) ! ,honfleur ( ,turn]1 already m5tion$2 9 :i* !re is n "o edge nor division admitt$1 & yet we are p]mitt$ to climb up ! hill f ! t[n1 & pass f> into ! mi/ along its top1 & s desc5d mile aft] mile along ! ridge to seaw>d1 until1 )\t "o break 9 ! magnific5t unity ( progress1 we are c>ri$ d[n to ! utmo/ horizon4 ,& contra/ ! br[n pa9t ( ,claude1 :i* y c only guess to be meant = rock or soil because x is br[n1 ) ,turn]'s pr(use1 pauseless ri*ness ( feature1 c>ri$ ?r\gh all ! enorm\s space--! unmeasur$ weal? ( exquisite detail1 ov] :i* ! m9d c dwell1 & walk1 & w&]1 & fea/ =ev]1 )\t f9d+ ei!r "o break 9 its va/ simplicity1 or "o vacuity 9 its exhau/less spl5dor4 ,sec4 #bc4 ,! same mod]ation ( slope 9 ! cont\rs ( 8 high] hills4 ,b ^!1 & hundr$s ( o!rs :i* x is s9 n to dwell ^u--wood$ hills & undulat+ moors ( ,nor? ,engl&--roll+ surges ( p>k & =e/ ( ! ,s\?--s(t & v9e-clad ranges ( ,fr5* coteaux1 ca/+ _! oblique %ad[s on silv] leagues ( glanc+ riv]s1--& olive-:it5$ promontories ( ,alp & ,ap5n9e1 are only in/ances ( ,turn]'s managem5t ( ! l[] & s(t] hills4 ,9 ! bold] examples ( 8 p[]s1 :]e he is deal+ ) lift$ masses ( enorm\s m\nta91 we %all /ill f9d him z cauti\s 9 8 use ( viol5t slopes or v]tical l9es1 & /ill z /udi$ 9 8 expression ( retir+ surface4 ,we nev] get to ! top ( "o ( 8 hills )\t be+ tir$ ) our walk2 n by ! /eepness1 obs]ve1 b by ! /ret*2 = we are c>ri$ up t[>ds ! heav5 by su* delicate gradation ( l9e1 t we sc>cely feel t we h left ! e>? be=e we f9d ourselves among ! cl\ds4 ,! ,skiddaw1 9 ! illu/rations to ,scott1 is a noble in/ance ( ?is maje/ic mod]ation4 ,! m\nta9 lies 9 ! morn+ light1 l a level vapor2 its g5tle l9es ( asc5t are sc>cely felt by ! eye2 x rises )\t ef=t or ex]tion1 by ! might9ess ( its mass2 e slope is full ( slumb]2 & we "k n h[ x has be5 exalt$1 until we f9d x laid z a floor = ! walk+ ( ! ea/]n cl\ds4 ,s aga9 9 ! ,=t ,augu/us1 :]e ! :ole elevation ( ! hills dep5ds on ! s(t l9es ( swell+ surface :i* undulate back ?r\gh leagues ( mi/ c>ry+ u unaw>es high] & high] above ! dim9i%$ lake1 until1 :5 we are all b exhau/$ ) ! endless di/ance1 ! m\nta9s make _! la/ spr+1 & be> u1 9 t in/ant ( ex]tion1 half way to heav54 ,sec4 #bd4 ,! peculi> difficulty ( inve/igat+ ! m ess5tial tru?s ( hill outl9e4 ,i ought p]haps r to h select$1 z in/ances ( m\nta9 =m1 su* elaborate works z ! ,ob]wesel or ,lake ( ,uri1 b ,i h be=e express$ my dislike ( speak+ ( su* magnific5t pictures z ^! by p>ts4 ,& inde$ all prop] consid]ation ( ! hill draw+ ( ,turn] mu/ be def]r$ until we are capable ( te/+ x by ! pr9ciples ( beauty2 =1 aft] all1 ! mo/ ess5tial qualities ( l9e1--^? on :i* all "r del9eation ( m\nta9 "* mu/ dep5d1 are ^? :i* are only to be expla9$ or illu/rat$ by appeals to our feel+ ( :at is beautiful4 ,!re is an expression & a feel+ ab\t all ! hill l9es ( nature1 :i* ,i ?9k ,i %all be able1 h]eaft]1 to expla92 b x is n to be r$uc$ to l9e & rule--n to be measur$ by angles or describ$ by compasses--n to be *ipp$ out by ! geologi/1 or equat$ by ! ma!matician4 ,x is intangible1 incalculable--a ?+ to be felt1 n und]/ood--to be lov$1 n compreh5d$--a music ( ! eyes1 a melody ( ! he>t1 ^: tru? is kn[n only by its sweetness4 ,sec4 #be4 ,works ( o!r mod]n arti/s4 ,cl>kson ,/anfield4 ,sec4 #bf4 ,importance ( p>ticul> & individual tru? 9 hill draw+4 ,i c sc>cely1 )\t repeat+ myself to t$i\sness1 ent] at pres5t into prop] consid]ation ( ! m\nta9 draw+ ( o!r mod]n pa9t]s4 ,we h1 =tunately1 sev]al by :om ! noble tru?s :i* we h se5 s fully exemplifi$ by ,turn] are also deeply felt & fai?fully r5d]$2 ?\gh !re is a necessity1 = ! p]fect /atem5t ( !m1 ( su* an unison ( fre$om ( ?\ght ) p]fect ma/]y ov] ! greate/ me*anical difficulties1 z we c sc>cely hope to see atta9$ by m ?an "o man 9 our age4 ,v ne>ly ! same words :i* we us$ 9 ref]5ce to ,/anfield's draw+s ( ! c5tral cl\ds1 might be appli$ to 8 r5d]+ ( m\nta9 tru?4 ,he occupies exactly ! same position ) respect to o!r arti/s 9 e>? z 9 cl\d4 ,none c be said really to draw ! m\nta9 z he w1 to h s p]fect a ma/]y ov] its organic developm5t2 b !re is1 nev]!less1 9 all 8 works1 "s want ( feel+ & individuality4 ,he has /udi$ & ma/]$ 8 subject to ! bottom1 b he tru/s too mu* to t pa/ /udy1 & r inv5ts 8 hills f 8 possess$ /ores ( k1 ?an expresses 9 !m ! fre% ideas receiv$ f nature4 ,h5ce1 9 all t he does1 we feel a little too mu* t ! hills are 8 own4 ,we _c swe> to _! be+ ! p>ticul> crags & individual promontories :i* break ! cone ( ,is*ia1 or %ad[ ! waves ( ,maggiore4 ,we are ne>ly sure1 on ! contr>y1 t no?+ b ! outl9e is local1 & t all ! fill+ up has be5 done 9 ! /udy4 ,n[1 we h already %[n 7,sect4 ,i4 ,*ap4 ,,iii47 t p>ticul> tru?s are m important ?an g5]al ones1 & ?is is j "o ( ! cases 9 :i* t rule especially applies4 ,no?+ is s great a sign ( tru? & beauty 9 m\nta9 draw+ z ! appe>ance ( individuality--no?+ is s great a pro( ( real imag9ation & inv5tion1 z ! appe>ance t no?+ has be5 imag9$ or inv5t$4 ,we ought to feel ( e in* ( m\nta91 t x mu/ h exi/5ce 9 reality1 t if we _h liv$ ne> ! place we %\ld h kn[n e crag ( x1 & t !re mu/ be p to :om e crevice & %ad[ ( ! picture is fraught ) recollections1 & color$ ) associations4 ,! mom5t ! arti/ c make u feel ?is--! mom5t he c make u ?9k t he has done no?+1 t nature has done all--t mom5t he becomes ennobl$1 he proves himself great4 ,z long z we rememb] him1 we _c respect him4 ,we honor him mo/ :5 we mo/ =get him4 ,he becomes great :5 he becomes invisible4 ,& we may1 p]haps1 be p]mitt$ to express our hope t ,mr4 ,/anfield w--our conviction t he mu/--if he w\ld advance 9 8 rank z an arti/1 att5d m to local "*1 & give u g5]ally less ( ! ,/anfield lime/one4 ,he ought to /udy ) great] att5tion ! rocks :i* af=d f9] divisions & m delicate p>ts 7slates & gneiss27 & he ought to obs]ve m fondly & fai?fully ^? beautiful laws & l9es ( swell & curvature1 by int]vals ( :i* nature sets (f & relieves ! en]gy ( h] peak$ outl9es4 ,he is at pres5t apt to be too rugg$1 &1 9 consequ5ce1 to lose size4 ,( 8 be/ mann] ( draw+ hills1 ,i believe ,i c sc>cely give a bett] example ?an ! rocks ( ,suli1 engrav$ 9 ,f9d5's illu/rations to ,byron4 ,x is v gr& & p]fect 9 all p>ts & po9ts4 ,sec4 #bg4 ,works ( ,copley ,field+4 ,8 hill feel+4 ,copley ,field+ is peculi>ly graceful & affectionate 9 8 draw+ ( ! inf]ior m\nta9s4 ,b z ) 8 cl\ds s ) 8 hills2 z long z he keeps to silv]y films ( mi/y outl9e1 or purple %ad[s m+l$ ) ! ev5+ light1 he is true & beautiful2 b ! mom5t he )draws ! mass out ( its veil+ my/]y1 he is lo/4 ,8 wor/ draw+s1 !re=e1 are ^? on :i* he has sp5t mo/ "t2 = he is sure to %[ weakness :]ev] he gives detail4 ,we believe t all 8 errors proce$1 z we obs]v$ be=e1 f 8 n work+ ) ! *alk or p5cil2 & t if he w\ld pa9t half ! numb] ( pictures 9 ! ye> :i* he usually produces1 & sp5d 8 sp>e "t 9 h>d dry /udy ( =ms1 ! half he pa9t$ w\ld be soon wor? d\ble ! pres5t value ( all4 ,= he really has deep & g5u9e feel+ ( hill "*--a f> high] p]ception ( space1 elevation1 incorporeal color1 & all ^? qualities :i* are ! poetry ( m\nta9s1 ?an any o!r ( our wat]-color pa9t]s2 & x is an inf9ite pity t he %\ld n give to ^! delicate feel+s ! p[] ( realization1 :i* might be atta9$ by a little labor4 ,a few ?or\gh /udies ( 8 favorite m\nta9s1 ,b5-,v5ue or ,b5-,crua*an1 9 cle>1 /rong1 front *i>oscuro1 all[+ himself nei!r color nor mi/1 nor any means ( gett+ ov] ! gr\nd b d[nright draw+1 w\ld1 we ?9k1 op5 8 eyes to s\rces ( beauty ( :i* he n[ takes no cognizance4 ,he ought n1 h[ev]1 to repeat ! same subjects s frequ5tly1 z ! ca/+ ab\t ( ! m9d = means ( v>y+ !m blunts ! feel+s to tru?4 ,& he %\ld rememb] t an arti/1 :o is n mak+ progress1 is ne>ly c]ta9 to be retrograd+2 & t progress is n to be made by work+ 9 ! /udy1 or by m]e labor be/[$ on ! repetition ( un*ang+ conceptions4 ,sec4 #bh4 ,works ( ,j4 ,d4 ,h>d+ & o!rs4 ,j4 ,d4 ,h>d+ w\ld pa9t m\nta9s v nobly1 if he made !m ( m importance 9 8 compositions1 b !y are usually little m ?an backgr\nds = 8 foliage or build+s2 & x is 8 pres5t sy/em to make 8 backgr\nds v slight4 ,8 color is v beautiful3 inde$1 bo? 8 & ,field+'s are f> m ref9$ ?an ,/anfield's4 ,we wi% he w\ld (t5] take up "s wild subject dep5d5t = int]e/ on its m\nta9 =ms alone1 z we %\ld anticipate ! highe/ results f 8 p]fect draw+2 & we ?9k t su* an ex]cise1 occasionally gone completely ?r\gh1 w\ld c\nt]act a t5d5cy :i* we p]ceive 9 8 pres5t di/ances1 to become a little ?9 & cutt+1 if n incomplete4 ,! late ,g4 ,robson 0 a man mo/ ?or\ghly acqua9t$ ) all ! *>act]i/ics ( our own isl& hills2 & "s ( ! outl9es ( ,john ,v>ley %[$ v gr& feel+ ( en]gy ( =m4 ,,footnotes #ef ,i h above exhau/$ all t]ms ( vitup]ation1 & probably disgu/$ ! read]2 & yet ,i h n spok5 ) en\gh sev]ity3 ,i "k n any t]ms ( blame t are bitt] en\gh to *a/ise ju/ly ! m\nta9 draw+s ( ,salvator 9 ! pictures ( ! ,pitti ,palace4 #eg ,"s t]rific cuts & *asms ( ?is k9d occur on ! nor? side ( ! ,valais1 f ,sion to ,briey4 ,! torr5t f ! great ,alets* glaci] desc5ds ?r\gh "o ( !m4 ,else:]e *asms may be f\nd z n>r[1 b few s n>r[ & deep4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,( ,,! ,,=egr\nd4 ,we h n[ only to obs]ve ! close *>act]i/ics ( ! rocks & soils to :i* ! l>ge masses ( :i* we h be5 speak+1 owe _! ultimate *>act]s4 ,sec4 #a4 ,:at rocks 7 ! *ief compon5ts ( anci5t l&scape =egr\nd4 ,we h already se5 t !re exi/s a m>k$ di/9ction betwe5 ^? /ratifi$ rocks ^: b$s are amorph\s & )\t subdivision1 z _m lime/ones & s&/ones1 & ^? :i* are divid$ by l9es ( lam9ation1 z all slates4 ,! la/ k9d ( rock is ! m frequ5t 9 nature1 & =ms ! great] "p ( all hill sc5]y2 x has1 h[ev]1 be5 successfully grappl$ ) by few1 ev5 ( ! mod]ns1 except ,turn]2 :ile !re is no s+le example ( any aim at x or ?\ght ( x among ! anci5ts1 ^: =egr\nds1 z f> z x is possible to guess at _! int5tion ?r\gh _! conc5trat$ errors1 are *os5 f among ! tufa & trav]t9 ( ! l[] ,ap5n9es1 7! uglie/ z well z ! lea/ *>act]i/ic rocks ( nature17 & ^: l>g] features ( rock sc5]y1 if we look at !m ) a pr$et]m9ation to f9d 9 !m a resemblance ( some?+1 may be pron\nc$ at lea/ lik] ! m\nta9 lime/one ?an any?+ else4 ,i %all glance1 !re=e1 at ! g5]al *>act]s ( ^! mat]ials fir/1 9 ord] t we may be able to appreciate ! fidelity ( rock-draw+ on :i* ,salvator's reputation has be5 built4 ,sec4 #b4 ,salvator's lime/ones4 ,! real *>act]s ( ! rock4 ,its fractures & obtus5ess ( angles4 ,! massive lime/ones sep>ate g5]ally into irregul> blocks1 t5d+ to ! =m ( cubes or p>allelopip$s1 & t]m9at$ by tol]ably smoo? planes4 ,! wea!r1 act+ on ! edges ( ^! blocks1 r\nds !m (f2 b ! fro/1 :i*1 :ile x _c p5etrate nor split ! body ( ! /one1 acts en]getically on ! angles1 splits (f ! r\nd$ fragm5ts1 & supplies %>p1 fre%1 & complicat$ edges4 ,h5ce ! angles ( su* blocks are usually m>k$ by a s]ies ( /eps & fractures1 9 :i* ! peculi> "* ( ! rock is mo/ di/9ctly se52 ! effect be+ increas$ 9 _m lime/ones by ! int]position ( two or ?ree ?9n] b$s betwe5 ! l>ge /rata ( :i* ! block has be5 a "p2 ^! ?9 lam9ae break+ easily1 & supply+ a numb] ( fissures & l9es at ! edge ( ! deta*$ mass4 ,?us1 z a g5]al pr9ciple1 if a rock h "* any:]e1 x w be on ! angle1 & h[ev] ev5 & smoo? its great planes may be1 x w usually break into v>iety :]e x turns a corn]4 ,9 "o ( ! mo/ exquisite pieces ( rock tru? ev] put on canvas1 ! =egr\nd ( ! ,napoleon 9 ! ,academy1 #ahdb1 ?is pr9ciple 0 beautifully exemplifi$ 9 ! complicat$ fractures ( ! upp] angle j :]e x turn$ f ! light1 :ile ! planes ( ! rock 7 v>i$ only by ! modulation !y ow$ to ! waves4 ,x foll[s f ?is /ructure t ! edges ( all rock be+ p>tially truncat$1 fir/ by l>ge fractures1 & !n by ! r\nd+ ( ! f9e edges ( ^! by ! wea!r1 p]petually pres5t convex transitions f ! light to ! d>k side1 ! planes ( ! rock almo/ always swell+ a little f ! angle4 ,sec4 #c4 ,salvator's acute angles caus$ by ! meet+ ( concave curves4 ,n[ x w be f\nd ?r\gh\t ! works ( ,salvator1 t 8 mo/ usual practice 0 to give a concave sweep ( ! bru% = 8 fir/ expression ( ! d>k side1 leav+ ! pa9t d>ke/ t[>ds ! light2 by :i* d>+ & orig9al me?od ( proc$ure he has succe$$ 9 cov]+ 8 =egr\nds ) =ms :i* approximate to ^? ( drap]y1 ( ribbons1 ( cru%$ cock$ hats1 ( locks ( hair1 ( waves1 leaves1 or any?+1 9 %ort1 flexible or t\gh1 b :i* ( c\rse are n only unlike1 b directly contr>y to ! =ms :i* nature has impress$ on rocks4#eh ,sec4 #d4 ,peculi> di/9ctness ( light & %ade 9 ! rocks ( nature4 ,sec4 #e4 ,peculi> confusion ( bo? 9 ! rocks ( ,salvator4 ,& ! circul> & sweep+ /rokes or /a9s :i* are da%$ at r&om ov] _! surfaces1 only fail ( de/roy+ all resemblance :atev] to rock /ructure f _! frequ5t want ( any mean+ at all1 & f ! impossibility ( our suppos+ any ( !m to be repres5tative ( %ade4 ,n[1 if !re be any "p ( l&scape 9 :i* nature develops h] pr9ciples ( light & %ade m cle>ly ?an ano!r1 x is rock2 = ! d>k sides ( fractur$ /one receive brilliant reflexes f ! light$ surfaces1 on :i* ! %ad[s are m>k$ ) ! mo/ exquisite precision1 especially because1 ow+ to ! p>allelism ( cleavage1 ! surfaces lie usually 9 directions ne>ly p>allel4 ,h5ce e crack & fissure has its %ad[ & reflect$ light sep>at$ ) ! mo/ delici\s di/9ctness1 & ! organization & solid =m ( all p>ts are told ) a decision ( language1 :i*1 to be foll[$ ) any?+ l fidelity1 requires ! mo/ transp>5t color1 & ! mo/ delicate & sci5tific draw+4 ,s f> are ! works ( ! old l&scape-pa9t]s f r5d]+ ?is1 t x is exce$+ly r>e to f9d a s+le passage 9 :i* ! %ad[ c ev5 be di/+ui%$ f ! d>k side--!y sc>cely seem to "k ! "o to be d>k] ?an ! o!r2 & ! /rokes ( ! bru% are n us$ to expla9 or express a =m kn[n or conceiv$1 b are da%$ & daub$ ab\t )\t any aim beyond ! cov]+ ( ! canvas4 ,a rock1 ! old ma/]s appe> to say to !mselves1 is a great irregul>1 =mless1 *>act]less lump2 b x mu/ h %ade ^u x1 & any gray m>ks w d = t %ade4 ,sec4 #f4 ,& total want ( any expression ( h>dness or brittl5ess4 ,sec4 #g4 ,in/ances 9 p>ticul> pictures4 ,f9ally1 :ile few1 if any1 ( ! rocks ( nature are untrav]s$ by delicate & sl5d] fissures1 ^: black %>p l9es are ! only means by :i* ! peculi> quality 9 :i* rocks mo/ diff] f ! o!r objects ( ! l&scape1 brittl5ess1 c be effectually sugge/$1 we look 9 va9 among ! blots & /a9s ) :i* ! rocks ( anci5t art are load$1 = any ve/ige or appe>ance ( fissure or spl9t]+4 ,t\ghness & malleability appe> to be ! qualities ^: expression is mo/ aim$ at2 sometimes spong9ess1 s(tness1 flexibility1 t5uity1 & occasionally transp>5cy4 ,take1 = in/ance1 ! =egr\nd ( ,salvator1 9 ,no4 #bbj ( ! ,dulwi* ,gall]y4 ,!re is1 on ! "r-h& side ( x1 an object1 :i* ,i nev] walk ?r\gh ! room )\t contemplat+ = a m9ute or two ) r5ew$ solicitude & anxiety ( m9d1 indulg+ 9 a s]ies ( v wild & imag9ative conjectures z to its probable or possible mean+4 ,i ?9k !re is reason to suppose t ! arti/ int5d$ x ei!r = a v l>ge /one1 or = ! trunk ( a tree2 b any decision z to its be+ ei!r "o or ! o!r ( ^! mu/1 ,i conceive1 be ! extreme ( ra%ness4 ,x melts into ! gr\nd on "o side1 & might reasonably be conjectur$ to =m a "p ( x1 hav+ no trace ( woody /ructure or color2 b on ! o!r side x pres5ts a s]ies ( concave curves1 int]rupt$ by cogs l ^? ( a wat]-:eel1 :i* ! bolde/ !ori/ w\ld c]ta9ly n feel himself w>rant$ 9 suppos+ symbolical ( rock4 ,! =ms :i* ?is sub/ance1 :atev] x be1 assumes1 w be f\nd repeat$1 ?\gh 9 a less degree1 9 ! =egr\nd ( ,no4 #aei1 :]e !y are evid5tly meant = rock4 ,sec4 #h4 ,comp>$ ) ! works ( ,/anfield4 ,sec4 #i4 ,_! absolute opposition 9 e p>ticul>4 ,let u contra/ ) ?is sy/em ( rock-draw+1 ! fai?ful1 sci5tific1 & dext]\s /udies ( nature :i* we f9d 9 ! works ( ,cl>kson ,/anfield4 ,he is a man especially to be oppos$ to ! old ma/]s1 because he usually conf9es himself to ! same rock subjects z !y--! m\ld]+ & furr[$ crags ( ! second>y =mation :i* arrange !mselves m or less into broad & simple masses2 & 9 ! r5d]+ ( ^! x is impossible to g beyond him4 ,no?+ c surpass 8 c>e1 8 firmness1 or 8 success1 9 m>k+ ! di/9ct & %>p light & %ade by :i* ! =m is expla9$1 nev] confus+ x ) local color1 h[ev] ri*ly 8 surface-texture may be giv52 :ile ! wond]ful play ( l9e ) :i* he w v>y1 & ?r\gh :i* he w indicate1 ! regul>ity ( /ratification1 is almo/ z in/ructive z t ( nature h]self4 ,i _c po9t to any ( 8 works z bett] or m *>act]i/ic ?an o!rs2 b 8 ,is*ia1 9 ! pres5t ,briti% ,in/itution1 may be tak5 z a fair av]age example4 ,! ,botallack ,m9e1 ,cornwall1 engrav$ 9 ! ,coa/ ,sc5]y1 gives u a v f9i%$ & g5]ic repres5tation ( rock1 ^: primal organization has be5 viol5tly affect$ by ext]nal influ5ces4 ,we h ! /ratification & cleavage indicat$ at its base1 e fissure be+ %>p1 angul>1 & decisive1 disguis$ gradually z x rises by ! r\nd+ ( ! surface & ! successive furr[s caus$ by ! desc5t ( /reams4 ,b ! exquisite draw+ ( ! =egr\nd is especially wor?y ( notice4 ,no huge concave sweeps ( ! bru%1 no daub+ or spla%+ "h4 ,e in* ( x is brittle & spl9t]y1 & ! fissures are expla9$ to ! eye by ! mo/ p]fect1 speak+ light & %ade1--we c /umble ov] ! edges ( !m4 ,! ,ea/ ,cliff1 ,ha/+s1 is ano!r v f9e example1 f ! exquisite irregul>ity ) :i* its squ>5ess ( g5]al /ructure is v>i$ & disguis$4 ,obs]ve h[ totally contr>y e "o ( its l9es is to ! absurdities ( ,salvator4 ,/anfield's are all angul> & /raight1 e app>5t curve made up ( "r l9es1 :ile ,salvator's are all sweep+ & fl\ri%+ l s mu* p5man%ip4 ,/anfield's l9es pass away into delicate spl9t]y fissures4 ,salvator's are broad daubs ?r\gh\t4 ,n "o ( ,/anfield's l9es is l ano!r4 ,e "o ( ,salvator's mocks all ! re/4 ,all ,/anfield's curves1 :]e 8 univ]sal angul> "* is mass$1 z on ! left-h& side1 into l>ge sweep+ =ms1 are convex4 ,salvator's are e "o concave4 ,sec4 #aj4 ,! rocks ( ,j4 ,d4 ,h>d+4 ,! =egr\nds ( ,j4 ,d4 ,h>d+ & rocks ( 8 middle di/ances are also ?or\ghly admirable4 ,he is n q s v>i\s & undulat+ 9 8 l9e z ,/anfield1 & sometimes1 9 8 middle di/ances1 is want+ 9 solidity1 ow+ to a little confusion ( ! d>k side & %ad[ ) ea* o!r1 or ) ! local color4 ,b 8 "w1 9 ne> passages ( fre%-brok51 %>p-edg$ rock1 is absolute p]fection1 excell+ ,/anfield 9 ! p]fect fre$om & facility ) :i* 8 fragm5ts are spl9t]$ & scatt]$2 true 9 e l9e )\t ! lea/ app>5t ef=t4 ,/anfield's be/ works are labori\s1 b ,h>d+'s rocks fall f "u 8 h& z if !y _h j cra%$ d[n ! hill-side1 fly+ on ! in/ant into lovely =m4 ,9 color also he incomp>ably surpasses ,/anfield1 :o is apt to v]ge ^u mud1 or be cold 9 8 gray4 ,! ri*1 li*5\s1 & *angeful w>m?1 & delicate wea!r$ grays ( ,h>d+'s rock1 illu/rat$ z !y are by ! mo/ fe>less1 firm1 & un]r+ draw+1 r5d] 8 wild pieces ( torr5t %ore ! f9e/ ?+s1 next to ! "w ( ,turn]1 9 ,engli% =egr\nd art4 ,j4 ,b4 ,pyne has v accurate k ( lime/one rock1 & expresses x cle>ly & =cibly2 b x is mu* to be regrett$ t ?is clev] arti/ appe>s to be los+ all s5se ( color & is gett+ m & m mann]$ 9 execution1 evid5tly nev] /udy+ f nature except ) ! previ\s det]m9ation to ,pynize ev]y?+4#ei ,sec4 #aa4 ,*>act]s ( loose e>? & soil4 ,sec4 #ab4 ,its exce$+ grace & fulness ( feature4 ,be=e pass+ to ,turn]1 let u take "o m glance at ! =egr\nds ( ! old ma/]s1 ) ref]5ce1 n to _! managem5t ( rock1 :i* is comp>atively a r>e compon5t "p ( _! =egr\nds1 b to ! common soil :i* !y 7 oblig$ to pa9t con/antly1 & ^: =ms & appe>ances are ! same all ov] ! _w4 ,a /eep bank ( loose e>? ( any k9d1 t has be5 at all expos$ to ! wea!r1 conta9s 9 x1 ?\gh x may n be ?ree feet high1 features capable ( giv+ high gratification to a c>eful obs]v]4 ,x is almo/ a fac-simile ( a m\nta9 slope ( s(t & decompos+ rock2 x possesses ne>ly z mu* v>iety ( "*1 & is gov]n$ by laws ( organization no less rigid4 ,x is furr[$ 9 ! fir/ place by undulat+ l9es1 by ! desc5t ( ! ra91 little rav9es1 :i* are cut precisely at ! same slope z ^? ( ! m\nta91 & leave ridges sc>cely less graceful 9 _! cont\r1 & beautifully %>p 9 _! *isell+4 ,:]e a h>d] knot ( gr\nd or a /one occurs1 ! e>? is wa%$ f b5ea? x1 & accumulates above x1 & !re we h a little precipice connect$ by a sweep+ curve at its summit ) ! great slope1 & ca/+ a %>p d>k %ad[2 :]e ! soil has be5 s(t1 x w probably be wa%$ away und]nea? until x gives way1 & leaves a jagg$1 hang+1 irregul> l9e ( fracture2 & all ^! circum/ances are expla9$ to ! eye 9 sun%9e ) ! mo/ delici\s cle>ness2 e t\* ( %ad[ be+ expressive ( "s p>ticul> tru? ( /ructure1 & be>+ witness to ! symmetry into :i* ! :ole mass has be5 r$uc$4 ,:]e ?is op]ation has gone on long1 & vegetation has assi/$ 9 s(t5+ ! outl9es1 we h our gr\nd br\ght into graceful & irregul> curves1 ( inf9ite v>iety1 b yet always s connect$ ) ea* o!r1 & guid+ to ea* o!r1 t ! eye nev] feels !m z sep>ate ?+s1 nor feels incl9$ to c\nt !m1 nor p]ceives a lik5ess 9 "o to ! o!r2 !y are n repetitions ( ea* o!r1 b are diff]5t p>ts ( "o sy/em4 ,ea* w\ld be imp]fect )\t ! "o next to x4 ,sec4 #ac4 ,! gr\nd ( ,t5i]s4 ,n[ x is all b impossible to express di/9ctly ! p>ticul>s :]e9 ?is f9e "* ( curve consi/s1 & to %[ 9 def9ite examples1 :at x is :i* makes "o repres5tation "r1 & ano!r wrong4 ,! gr\nd ( ,t5i]s = in/ance1 9 ,no4 #aci 9 ! ,dulwi* ,gall]y1 is an example ( all t is wrong4 ,x is a repres5tation ( ! =ms ( %ak5 & di/urb$ soil1 su* z we %\ld see "h & !re aft] an e>?quake1 or ov] ! ru9s ( fall5 build+s4 ,x has n "o cont\r nor "* ( ! soil ( nature1 & yet ,i c sc>cely tell y :y1 except t ! curves repeat "o ano!r1 & are monoton\s 9 _! fl[1 & are unbrok5 by ! delicate angle & mom5t>y pause ) :i* ! feel+ ( nature w\ld h t\*$ !m1 & are disunit$2 s t ! eye leaps f ?is to t1 & does n pass f "o to ! o!r )\t be+ able to /op1 drawn on by ! cont9uity ( l9e2 nei!r is !re any undulation or furr[+ ( wat]m>k1 nor 9 "o spot or atom ( ! :ole surface1 is !re di/9ct explanation ( =m to ! eye by means ( a det]m9$ %ad[4 ,all is m]e sweep+ ( ! bru% ov] ! surface ) v>i\s gr\nd colors1 )\t a s+le indication ( "* by means ( real %ade4 ,sec4 #ad4 ,importance ( ^! m9or p>ts & po9ts4 ,sec4 #ae4 ,! obs]vance ( !m is ! real di/9ction betwe5 ! ma/] & ! novice4 ,let n ^! po9ts be deem$ unimportant2 ! tru?s ( =m 9 common gr\nd are q z valuable1 7let me anticipate myself = a mom5t17 q z beautiful1 z any o!rs :i* nature pres5ts1 & 9 l[l& l&scape !y pres5t u ) a species ( l9e :i* x is q impossible to obta9 9 any o!r way1--! alt]nately fl[+ & brok5 l9e ( m\nta9 sc5]y1 :i*1 h[ev] small its scale1 is always ( ine/imable value1 contra/$ ) ! repetitions ( organic =m :i* we are compell$ to give 9 vegetation4 ,a really great arti/ dwells on e in* ( expos$ soil ) c>e & delight1 & r5d]s x "o ( ! mo/ ess5tial1 speak+ & pleasurable p>ts ( 8 composition4 ,& be x rememb]$1 t ! man :o1 9 ! mo/ conspicu\s "p ( 8 =egr\nd1 w violate tru? ) e /roke ( ! p5cil1 is n likely to be m c>eful 9 o!r p>ts ( x2 & t 9 ! little bits :i* ,i fix ^u = animadv]sion1 ,i am n po9t+ out solit>y faults1 b only ! mo/ *>act]i/ic examples ( ! falsehood :i* is ev]y:]e1 & :i* r5d]s ! :ole =egr\nd "o mass ( contradictions & absurdities4 ,nor d ,i myself see :]e9 ! great diff]5ce lies betwe5 a ma/] & a novice1 except 9 ! r5d]+ ( ! f9] tru?s1 ( :i* ,i am at pres5t speak+4 ,to h&le ! bru% freely1 & to pa9t grass & we$s ) accuracy en\gh to satisfy ! eye1 are accompli%m5ts :i* a ye> or two's practice w give any man2 b to trace among ! grass & we$s ^? my/]ies ( inv5tion & comb9ation1 by :i* nature appeals to ! intellect--to r5d] ! delicate fissure1 & desc5d+ curve1 & undulat+ %ad[ ( ! m\ld]+ soil1 ) g5tle & f9e f+]1 l ! t\* ( ! ra9 itself--to f9d ev5 9 all t appe>s mo/ trifl+ or contemptible1 fre% evid5ce ( ! con/ant work+ ( ! ,div9e p[] = glory & = beauty1 & to tea* x & proclaim x to ! un?9k+ & ! unreg>dless--?is1 z x is ! peculi> prov9ce & faculty ( ! ma/]-m9d1 s x is ! peculi> duty :i* is dem&$ ( x by ! ,deity4 ,sec4 #af4 ,! gr\nd ( ,cuyp4 ,sec4 #ag4 ,& ( ,claude4 ,sec4 #ah4 ,! entire weakness & *ildi%ness ( ! latt]4 ,sec4 #ai4 ,comp>$ ) ! "w ( ,turn]4 ,x w\ld take me no reasonable nor endurable "t1 if ,i 7 to po9t out "o half ( ! v>i\s k9ds & classes ( falsehood :i* ! inv5tive faculties ( ! old ma/]s succe$$ 9 orig9at+1 9 ! draw+ ( =egr\nds4 ,x is n ?is man1 nor t man1 nor "o s*ool nor ano!r2 all agree 9 entire repudiation ( ev]y?+ resembl+ facts1 & 9 ! high degree ( absurdity ( :at !y sub/itute = !m4 ,ev5 ,cuyp1 :o evid5tly saw & /udi$ ne> nature1 z an arti/ %\ld d--n fi%+ = idealities1 b tak+ :at nature gave him1 & ?ank+ h] = x--ev5 he appe>s to h suppos$ t ! draw+ ( ! e>? might be tru/$ to *ance or imag9ation1 &1 9 consequ5ce1 /rews 8 banks ) lumps ( d\gh1 in/ead ( /ones4 ,p]haps1 h[ev]1 ! beautiful =egr\nds ( ,claude af=d ! mo/ rem>kable in/ances ( *ildi%ness & incompet5ce ( all4 ,t ( 8 morn+ l&scape1 ) ! l>ge gr\p ( trees & high s+le-ar*$ bridge1 9 ! ,national ,gall]y1 is a pretty fair example ( ! k9d ( error :i* he con/antly falls into4 ,i w n say any?+ ( ! agreeable composition ( ! ?ree banks1 ris+ "o beh9d ano!r f ! wat]4 ,i m]ely affirm t x am\nts to a demon/ration t all ?ree 7 pa9t$ 9 ! arti/'s /udy1 )\t any ref]5ce to nature :atev]4 ,9 fact1 !re is q en\gh intr9sic evid5ce 9 ea* ( !m to prove ?is1 see+ t :at appe>s to be meant = vegetation ^u !m1 am\nts to no?+ m ?an a gre5 /a9 on _! surfaces1 ! m evid5tly false because ! leaves ( ! trees tw5ty y>ds f>!r (f are all p]fectly visible & di/9ct2 & t ! %>p l9es ) :i* ea* cuts aga9/ t beyond x1 are n only su* z crumbl+ e>? c\ld nev] %[ or assume1 b are ma9ta9$ ?r\gh _! :ole progress ungraduat$1 un*ang+1 & unaffect$ by any ( ! circum/ances ( v>y+ %ade to :i* e "o ( nature's l9es is inevitably subject$4 ,9 fact1 ! :ole arrangem5t is ! impot5t /ruggle ( a tyro to express1 by successive edges1 t approa* ( e>? :i* he f9ds himself incapable ( express+ by ! draw+ ( ! surface4 ,claude wi%$ to make y und]/& t ! edge ( 8 pond came ne>] & ne>]3 he _h probably (t5 tri$ to d ?is ) an unbrok5 bank1 or a bank only v>i$ by ! delicate & h>moniz$ anatomy ( nature2 & he _h f\nd t ow+ to 8 total ignorance ( ! laws ( p]spective1 su* ef=ts on 8 "p inv>iably end$ 9 8 r$uc+ 8 pond to ! =m ( a r\nd ,o1 & mak+ x look p]p5dicul>4 ,mu* com=t & solace ( m9d1 9 su* unpleasant circum/ances1 may be d]iv$ f in/antly divid+ ! obnoxi\s bank into a numb] ( successive promontories1 & develop+ _! edges ) complet5ess & int5sity4 ,e s*ool-girl's draw+1 z soon z h] m9d has arriv$ at s great a degree ( enlight5m5t z to p]ceive t p]p5dicul> wat] is objectionable1 w supply u ) edify+ in/ances ( ?is unfail+ res\rce2 & ?is =egr\nd ( ,claude's is only "o out ( ! ?\s& cases 9 :i* he has be5 r$uc$ to x4 ,& if x be ask$1 h[ ! proce$+ diff]s f t ( nature1 ,i h only to po9t to nature h]self1 z %e is drawn 9 ! =egr\nd ( ,turn]'s ,m]cury & ,argus1 a case precisely simil> to ,claude's1 ( e>?y crumbl+ banks cut away by wat]4 ,x w be f\nd 9 ?is picture 7& ,i am n[ describ+ nature's "w & ,turn]'s ) ! same words7 t ! :ole di/ance is giv5 by retirem5t ( solid surface2 & t if ev] an edge is express$1 x is only felt = an in/ant1 & !n lo/ aga92 s t ! eye _c /op at x & prep>e = a long jump to ano!r l x1 b is guid$ ov] x1 & r\nd x1 into ! holl[ beyond2 & ?us ! :ole rec$+ mass ( gr\nd1 go+ back = m ?an a qu>t] ( a mile1 is made completely "o--no "p ( x is sep>at$ f ! re/ = an in/ant--x is all unit$1 & its modulations are memb]s1 n divisions ( its mass4 ,b ^? modulations are c\ntless--heav+ "h1 s9k+ !re--n[ swell+1 n[ m\ld]+1 n[ bl5d+1 n[ break+--giv+1 9 fact1 to ! =egr\nd ( ?is univ]sal ma/]1 precisely ! same qualities :i* we h be=e se5 9 8 hills1 z ,claude gave to 8 =egr\nd precisely ! same qualities :i* we _h be=e f\nd 9 8 hills1--inf9ite unity 9 ! "o case1 f9ite division 9 ! o!r4 ,sec4 #bj4 ,g5]al features ( ,turn]'s =egr\nd4 ,let u1 !n1 hav+ n[ obta9$ "s insight into ! pr9ciples ( ! old ma/]s 9 =egr\nd draw+1 contra/ !m ?r\gh\t ) ^? ( our great mod]n ma/]4 ,! inve/igation ( ! excell5ce ( ,turn]'s draw+ becomes %ort] & easi] z we proce$1 because ! great di/9ctions betwe5 8 "w & t ( o!r pa9t]s are ! same1 :atev] ! object or subject may be2 & aft] once %[+ ! g5]al *>act]s ( ! p>ticul> specific =ms "u consid]ation1 we h only to po9t1 9 ! works ( ,turn]1 to ! same pr9ciples ( inf9ity & v>iety 9 c>ry+ !m out1 :i* we h be=e insi/$ ^u ) ref]5ce to o!r subjects4 ,sec4 #ba4 ,geological /ructure ( 8 rocks 9 ! ,fall ( ! ,tees4 ,sec4 #bb4 ,_! convex surfaces & fractur$ edges4 ,sec4 #bc4 ,& p]fect unity4 ,sec4 #bd4 ,v>i\s p>ts ^: hi/ory is told u by ! details ( ! draw+4 ,! ,upp] ,fall ( ! ,tees1 ,york%ire1 engrav$ 9 ! ,engl& s]ies1 may be giv5 z a /&>d example ( rock-draw+ to be oppos$ to ! "w ( ,salvator4 ,we h1 9 ! great face ( rock :i* divides ! two /reams1 horizontal l9es :i* indicate ! real direction ( ! /rata1 & ^! same l9es are giv5 9 asc5d+ p]spective all along ! precipice on ! "r4 ,b we see also on ! c5tral precipice fissures absolutely v]tical1 :i* in=m u ( "o s]ies ( jo9ts divid+ ^! horizontal /rata2 & ! exce$+ smoo?ness & ev5ness ( ! precipice itself in=m u t x has be5 caus$ by a great sep>ation ( sub/ance 9 ! direction ( ano!r m important l9e ( jo9ts1 runn+ 9 a direction across ! riv]4 ,accord+ly1 we see on ! left t ! :ole summit ( ! precipice is divid$ aga9 & aga9 by ?is great s]ies ( jo9ts into v]tical b$s1 :i* lie aga9/ ea* o!r ) _! sides t[>ds u1 & are trav]s$ d[nw>ds by ! same v]tical l9es traceable on ! face ( ! c5tral cliff4 ,n[1 let me direct especial att5tion to ! way 9 :i* ,turn] has m>k$ ov] ?is g5]al & gr& unity ( /ructure1 ! modify+ effects ( ! wea!r & ! torr5t4 ,obs]ve h[ ! :ole surface ( ! hill above ! precipice on ! left#fj is br\ght into "o smoo?1 unbrok5 curvature ( g5tle convexity1 until x comes to ! edge ( ! precipice1 & !n1 j on ! angle1 7comp>e ,sec4 #b17 breaks into ! multiplicity ( fissure :i* m>ks its geological /ructure4 ,obs]ve h[ e "o ( ! sep>ate blocks1 into :i* x divides1 is r\nd$ & convex 9 its sali5t edges turn$ to ! wea!r1 & h[ e "o ( _! inw>d angles is m>k$ cle> & %>p by ! det]m9$ %ad[ & transp>5t reflex4 ,obs]ve h[ exquisitely graceful are all ! curves ( ! convex surfaces1 indicat+ t e "o ( !m has be5 modell$ by ! w9d+ & undulat+ ( runn+ wat]2 & h[ gradually !y become /eep] z !y desc5d1 until !y are torn d[n into ! face ( ! precipice4 ,f9ally1 obs]ve ! exquisite v>iety ( all ! t\*es :i* express fissure or %ade2 e "o 9 v>y+ directions & ) new =ms1 & yet ?r\gh\t indicat+ t p]fect p>allelism :i* at once expla9$ to u ! geology ( ! rock1 & fall+ into "o gr& mass1 treat$ ) ! same simplicity ( light & %ade :i* a great portrait pa9t] adopts 9 treat+ ! features ( ! human face2 :i*1 ?\gh ea* has its own sep>ate *i>oscuro1 nev] di/urb ! :ol5ess & gr&eur ( ! head1 consid]$ z "o ball or mass4 ,s "h1 "o deep & m>k$ piece ( %ad[ indicates ! greate/ proximity ( ! r\nd$ mass2 & f ?is e %ade becomes fa9t] & fa9t]1 until all are lo/ 9 ! obscurity & dimness ( ! hang+ precipice & ! %att]+ fall4 ,aga91 see h[ ! same fractures j ^u ! edge take place ) ! c5tral cliff above ! "r-h& fall1 & h[ ! =ce ( ! wat] is told u by ! confusion ( debris accumulat$ 9 its *annel4 ,9 fact1 ! great quality ab\t ,turn]'s draw+s :i* m especially proves _! transc5d5t tru?1 is ! capability !y af=d u ( reason+ on pa/ & future ph5om5a1 j z if we _h ! actual rocks be=e u2 = ?is indicates n t "o tru? is giv51 nor ano!r1 n t a pretty or int]e/+ morsel has be5 select$ "h & !re1 b t ! :ole tru? has be5 giv51 ) all ! relations ( its p>ts2 s t we c pick & *oose our po9ts ( pleasure or ( ?\ght = ourselves1 & reason ^u ! :ole ) ! same c]ta9ty :i* we %\ld aft] hav+ climb$ & hamm]$ ov] ! rocks bit by bit4 ,) ?is draw+ be=e him1 a geologi/ c\ld give a lecture ^u ! :ole sy/em ( aque\s erosion1 & speculate z safely ^u ! pa/ & future /ates ( ?is v spot1 z if he 7 /&+ & gett+ wet ) ! spray4 ,he w\ld tell y1 at once1 t ! wat]fall 0 9 a /ate ( rapid recession2 t x _h once =m$ a wide cat>act j at ! spot :]e ! figure is sitt+ on ! heap ( debris2 & t :5 x 0 !re1 "p ( x came d[n by ! *annel on ! left1 its b$ be+ /ill m>k$ by ! delicately *isell$ l9es ( fissure4 ,he w\ld tell y t ! =egr\nd _h also once be5 ! top ( ! fall1 & t ! v]tical fissures on ! "r ( x 7 evid5tly !n ! *annel ( a side /ream4 ,he w\ld tell y t ! fall 0 !n mu* l[] ?an x is n[1 & t be+ l[]1 x _h less =ce1 & cut itself a n>r[] b$2 & t ! spot :]e x rea*$ ! high] precipice is m>k$ by ! expansion ( ! wide bas9 :i* its increas$ viol5ce has excavat$1 & by ! gradually increas+ concavity ( ! rocks bel[1 :i* we see h be5 holl[$ into a complete vault by ! ela/ic b\nd ( ! wat]4 ,b nei!r he nor ,i c\ld tell y ) :at exquisite & f9i%$ m>k+ ( e fragm5t & p>ticle ( soil or rock1 bo? 9 its own /ructure & ! evid5ce x be>s ( ^! great influ5ces1 ! :ole ( ?is is confirm$ & c>ri$ out4 ,sec4 #be4 ,beautiful in/ance ( an exception to g5]al rules 9 ! ,llan?ony4 ,) ?is inimitable draw+ we may comp>e ! rocks 9 ! =egr\nd ( ! ,llan?ony4 ,^! latt] are n divid$ by jo9ts1 b into ?9 horizontal & unit$ b$s1 :i* ! torr5t 9 its times ( flood has *isell$ away1 leav+ "o expos$ "u ano!r1 ) ! sweep+ m>ks ( its eddies ^u _! edges4 ,& "h we h an in/ance ( an exception to a g5]al rule1 occasion$ by p>ticul> & local action4 ,we h se5 t ! action ( wat] ov] any surface univ]sally1 :e!r fall+1 z 9 ra91 or sweep+1 z a torr5t1 induces convexity ( =m4 ,b :5 we h rocks 9 situ1 z "h1 expos$ at _! edges to ! viol5t action ( an eddy1 t eddy w cut a vault or circul> space = itself1 7z we saw on a l>ge scale ) ! high wat]fall17 & we h a concave curve int]rupt+ ! g5]al cont\rs ( ! rock4 ,& ?us ,turn] 7:ile e edge ( 8 masses is r\nd$1 &1 ! mom5t we rise above ! level ( ! wat]1 all is convex7 has int]rupt$ ! great cont\rs ( 8 /rata ) concave curves1 precisely :]e ! la/ waves ( ! torr5t h swept aga9/ ! expos$ edges ( ! b$s4 ,no?+ c\ld m /rik+ly prove ! dep? ( t k by :i* e t\* ( ?is consummate arti/ is regulat$1 t univ]sal comm& ( subject :i* nev] acts = a mom5t on any?+ conv5tional or habitual1 b fills e corn] & space ) new evid5ce ( k1 & fre% manife/ation ( ?\ght4 ,sec4 #bf4 ,turn]'s draw+ ( deta*$ blocks ( wea!r$ /one4 ,! ,l[] ,fall ( ! ,tees1 ) ! *a9-bridge1 might s]ve u = an illu/ration ( all ! prop]ties & =ms ( v]tical b$s ( rock1 z ! upp] fall has ( horizontal2 b we pass r to obs]ve1 9 deta*$ pieces ( =egr\nd1 ! p>ticul> modulation ( p>ts :i* _c be inve/igat$ 9 ! gr& comb9ations ( g5]al mass4 ,! blocks ( /one :i* =m ! =egr\nd ( ! ,ulleswat] are1 ,i believe1 ! f9e/ example 9 ! _w ( ! f9i%$ draw+ ( rocks :i* h be5 subject$ to viol5t aque\s action4 ,_! surfaces seem to palpitate f ! f9e t\* ( ! waves1 & e "p ( !m is ris+ or fall+ 9 s(t swell or g5tle depression1 ?\gh ! eye c sc>cely trace ! f9e %ad[s on :i* ?is *isell+ ( ! surface dep5ds4 ,& ) all ?is1 e block ( !m has individual "*1 dep5d5t on ! expression ( ! angul> l9es ( :i* its cont\rs 7 fir/ =m$1 & :i* is reta9$ & felt ?r\gh all ! modulation & melt+ ( ! wat]-worn surface4 ,& :at is done "h 9 ! mo/ important "p ( ! picture1 to be especially attractive to ! eye1 is (t5 done by ,turn] ) lavi% & ov]:elm+ p[]1 9 ! accumulat$ debris ( a wide =egr\nd1 /rew$ ) ! ru9 ( ages1 z1 = in/ance1 9 ! ,junction ( ! ,greta & ,tees1 :]e he has *ok$ ! torr5t b$ ) a mass ( %att]$ rock1 ?r[n d[n ) ! pr(usion & c>elessness ( nature h]self2 & yet e sep>ate block is a /udy1 7& has evid5tly be5 drawn f nature17 *isell$ & v>i$ 9 its p>ts1 z if x 7 to be ! *ief memb] ( a sep>ate subject2 yet )\t ev] los+1 9 a s+le in/ance1 its subord9ate position1 or occasion+1 ?r\gh\t ! :ole accumulat$ multitude1 ! repetition ( a s+le l9e4 ,sec4 #bg4 ,& ( complicat$ =egr\nd4 ,i consid] cases l ^!1 ( p]fect f9i% & new conception1 appli$ & ex]t$ 9 ! draw+ ( e memb] ( a confus$ & almo/ c\ntlessly-divid$ sy/em1 ab\t ! mo/ wond]ful1 z well z ! mo/ *>act]i/ic passages ( ,turn]'s =egr\nds4 ,x is done n less m>vell\sly1 ?\gh less di/9ctly1 9 ! individual p>ts ( all 8 brok5 gr\nd1 z 9 examples l ^! ( sep>ate blocks4 ,! articulation ( su* a passage z ! ne>e/ bank1 9 ! picture we h already spok5 ( at s great l5g?1 ! ,upp] ,fall ( ! ,tees1 might s]ve u = a day's /udy1 if we 7 to g into x "p by "p2 b x is impossible to d ?is1 except ) ! p5cil2 we c only repeat ! same g5]al obs]vations1 ab\t et]nal *ange & unbrok5 unity1 & tell y to obs]ve h[ ! eye is kept ?r\gh\t on solid & retir+ surfaces1 in/ead ( be+ ?r[n1 z by ,claude1 on flat & equal edges4 ,y _c f9d a s+le edge 9 ,turn]'s "w2 y are ev]y:]e kept ^u r\nd surfaces1 & y g back on ^! y _c tell h[--nev] tak+ a leap1 b progress+ imp]ceptibly along ! unbrok5 bank1 till y f9d y\rself a qu>t] ( a mile into ! picture1 beside ! figure at ! bottom ( ! wat]fall4 ,sec4 #bh4 ,& ( loose soil4 ,f9ally1 ! bank ( e>? on ! "r ( ! gr& draw+ ( ,p5ma5 ,mawr1 may be tak5 z ! /&>d ( ! repres5tation ( s(t soil modell$ by desc5d+ ra92 & may s]ve to %[ u h[ exquisite 9 "* are ! resultant l9es1 & h[ full ( e species ( attractive & ev5 sublime quality1 if we only are wise en\gh n to scorn ! /udy ( !m4 ,! high] ! m9d1 x may be tak5 z a univ]sal rule1 ! less x w scorn t :i* appe>s to be small or unimportant2 & ! rank ( a pa9t] may always be det]m9$ by obs]v+ h[ he uses1 & ) :at respect he views ! m9utiae ( nature4 ,greatness ( m9d is n %[n by admitt+ small ?+s1 b by mak+ small ?+s great "u its influ5ce4 ,he :o c take no int]e/ 9 :at is small1 w take false int]e/ 9 :at is great2 he :o _c make a bank sublime1 w make a m\nta9 ridicul\s4 ,sec4 #bi4 ,! unison ( all 9 ! ideal =egr\nds ( ! ,academy pictures4 ,sec4 #cj4 ,& ! great lesson to be receiv$ f all4 ,x is n until we h made ourselves acqua9t$ ) ^! simple facts ( =m1 z !y are illu/rat$ by ! slight] works ( ,turn]1 t we c become at all compet5t to enjoy ! comb9ation ( all1 9 su* works z ! ,m]cury & ,argus1 or ,bay ( ,baiae1 9 :i* ! m9d is at fir/ bewild]$ by ! abundant outp\r+ ( ! ma/]'s k4 ,(t5 z ,i h paus$ be=e ^! noble works1 ,i nev] felt on return+ to !m z if ,i _h ev] se5 !m be=e2 = _! abundance is s deep & v>i\s t ! m9d1 accord+ to its own temp] at ! "t ( see+1 p]ceives "s new s]ies ( tru?s r5d]$ 9 !m1 j z x w\ld on revisit+ a natural sc5e2 & detects new relations & associations ( ^! tru?s :i* set ! :ole picture 9 a diff]5t light at e return to x4 ,& ?is effect is especially caus$ by ! managem5t ( ! =egr\nd2 = ! m m>k$ objects ( ! picture may be tak5 "o by "o1 & ?us exam9$ & kn[n2 b ! =egr\nds ( ,turn] are s unit$ 9 all _! p>ts t ! eye _c take !m by divisions1 b is guid$ f /one to /one1 & bank to bank1 discov]+ tru?s totally diff]5t 9 aspect1 accord+ to ! direction 9 :i* x approa*es !m1 & approa*+ !m 9 a diff]5t direction1 & view+ !m z a "p ( a new sy/em1 e "t t x beg9s its c\rse at a new po9t4 ,"o lesson1 h[ev]1 we are inv>iably taught by all1 h[ev] approa*$ or view$1--t ! "w ( ! ,great ,_s ( nature is z deep & unapproa*able 9 ! l[e/ z 9 ! noble/ objects1--t ! ,div9e m9d is z visible 9 its full en]gy ( op]ation on e l[ly bank & m\ld]+ /one1 z 9 ! lift+ ( ! pill>s ( heav51 & settl+ ! f\ndation ( ! e>?2 & t to ! rightly p]ceiv+ m9d1 !re is ! same inf9ity1 ! same maje/y1 ! same p[]1 ! same unity1 & ! same p]fection1 manife/ 9 ! ca/+ ( ! clay z 9 ! scatt]+ ( ! cl\d1 9 ! m\ld]+ ( ! du/ z 9 ! k9dl+ ( ! day-/>4 ,,footnotes #eh ,i h cut out a passage 9 ?is place :i* insi/$ on ! angul> "* ( rocks1--n because x 0 false1 b because x 0 incomplete1 & ,i _c expla9 x nor complete x )\t example4 ,x is n ! abs5ce ( curves1 b ! sugge/ion ( h>dness ?r\gh curves1 & ( ! "u t5d5cies ( ! inw>d /ructure1 :i* =m ! true *>act]i/ics ( rock =m2 & ,salvator1 :om nei!r "h nor else:]e ,i h abus$ en\gh1 is n wrong because he pa9ts curv$ rocks1 b because 8 curves are ! curves ( ribbons & n ( rocks2 & ! diff]5ce betwe5 rock curvature & o!r curvature ,i _c expla9 v]bally1 b ,i hope to d x h]eaft] by illu/ration2 &1 at pres5t1 let ! read] /udy ! rock-draw+ ( ! ,mont ,/4 ,go?>d subject1 9 ! ,lib] ,/udiorum1 & comp>e x ) any examples ( ,salvator to :i* he may happ5 to h access4 ,all ! acc\nt ( rocks "h giv5 is altoge!r inadequate1 & ,i only d n alt] x because ,i fir/ wi% to give long] /udy to ! subject4 #ei ,a passage :i* ,i happ5$ to see 9 an ,essay ( ,mr4 ,pyne's1 9 ! ,art-,union1 ab\t nature's foi/+ rubbi% ^u ! arti/1 suffici5tly expla9s ! cause ( ?is decl9e4 ,if ,mr4 ,pyne w g to nature1 z all great m5 h done1 & z all m5 :o mean to be great mu/ d1 t is n m]ely to be help$1 b to be taught by h]2 & w once or twice take h] gifts1 )\t look+ !m 9 ! m\?1 he w mo/ assur$ly f9d--& ,i say ?is 9 no unk9d or depreciatory feel+1 = ,i %\ld say ! same ( all arti/s :o are 9 ! habit ( only sket*+ nature1 & n /udy+ h]--t h] wor/ is bett] ?an 8 be/4 ,i am q sure t if ,mr4 ,pyne1 or any o!r pa9t] :o has hi!rto be5 v c>eful 9 8 *oice ( subject1 w g into ! next turnpike-road1 & tak+ ! fir/ f\r trees t he comes to 9 ! h$ge1 give !m a day ea*1 draw+ !m leaf = leaf1 z f> z may be1 & ev5 _! smalle/ b\ghs ) z mu* c>e z if !y 7 riv]s1 or an important map ( a newly-survey$ c\ntry1 he w f9d1 :5 he has br\ght !m all home1 t at lea/ ?ree out ( ! f\r are bett] ?an ! be/ he ev] inv5t$4 ,comp>e ,"p ,,iii4 ,sect4 ,i4 ,*ap4 ,,iii4 ,sec4 #ab1 #ac1 7! ref]5ce 9 ! note ought to be to ,*ap4 ,,xv4 ,sec4 #g47 #fj ,9 ! light betwe5 ! wat]fall & ! l>ge d>k mass on ! extreme "r4 ,,section ,v4 ,,( ,,tru? ,,( ,,wat]4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,( ,,wat]1 ,,z ,,pa9t$ ,,by ,,! ,,anci5ts4 ,sec4 #a4 ,sket* ( ! functions & inf9ite ag5cy ( wat]4 ,( all inorganic sub/ances1 act+ 9 _! own prop] nature1 & )\t assi/ance or comb9ation1 wat] is ! mo/ wond]ful4 ,if we ?9k ( x z ! s\rce ( all ! *angefulness & beauty :i* we h se5 9 cl\ds2 !n z ! in/rum5t by :i* ! e>? we h contemplat$ 0 modell$ into symmetry1 & its crags *isell$ into grace2 !n z1 9 ! =m ( sn[1 x robes ! m\nta9s x has made1 ) t transc5d5t light :i* we c\ld n h conceiv$ if we _h n se52 !n z x exi/s 9 ! =m ( ! torr5t--9 ! iris :i* spans x1 9 ! morn+ mi/ :i* rises f x1 9 ! deep cry/all9e pools :i* mirror its hang+ %ore1 9 ! broad lake & glanc+ riv]2 f9ally1 9 t :i* is to all human m9ds ! be/ emblem ( unwe>i$1 unconqu]able p[]1 ! wild1 v>i\s1 fanta/ic1 tameless unity ( ! sea2 :at %all we comp>e to ?is mighty1 ?is univ]sal elem5t = glory & = beauty8 or h[ %all we foll[ its et]nal *angefulness ( feel+8 ,x is l try+ to pa9t a s\l4 ,sec4 #b4 ,! ease ) :i* a common repres5tation ( x may be giv54 ,! impossibility ( a fai?ful "o4 ,to sugge/ ! ord9>y appe>ance ( calm wat]--to lay on canvas z mu* evid5ce ( surface & reflection z may make u und]/& t wat] is meant--is1 p]haps1 ! easie/ task ( art2 & ev5 ord9>y runn+ or fall+ wat] may be suffici5tly r5d]$1 by obs]v+ c>eful curves ( projection ) a d>k gr\nd1 & break+ a little :ite ov] x1 z we see done ) judgm5t & tru? by ,ruysdael4 ,b to pa9t ! actual play ( hue on ! reflective surface1 or to give ! =ms & fury ( wat] :5 x beg9s to %[ itself--to give ! fla%+ & rocket-l velocity ( a noble cat>act1 or ! precision & grace ( ! sea waves1 s exquisitely modell$1 ?\gh s mock+ly transi5t--s m\nta9\s 9 its =m1 yet s cl\d-l 9 its motion--) its v>iety & delicacy ( color1 :5 e ripple & wrea? has "s peculi> passage ( reflection ^u itself alone1 & ! radiat+ & sc9tillat+ sunbeams are mix$ ) ! dim hues ( transp>5t dep? & d>k rock bel[2--to d ?is p]fectly1 is beyond ! p[] ( man2 to d x ev5 p>tially1 has be5 grant$ to b "o or two1 ev5 ( ^? few :o h d>$ to attempt x4 ,sec4 #c4 ,difficulty ( prop]ly divid+ ! subject4 ,z ! g5]al laws :i* gov]n ! appe>ances ( wat] h equal effect on all its =ms1 x w\ld be injudici\s to treat ! subject 9 divisions2 = ! same =ces :i* gov]n ! waves & foam ( ! torr5t1 are equally influ5tial on ^? ( ! sea2 & x w be m conv5i5t to glance g5]ally at ! sy/em ( wat]-pa9t+ ( ea* s*ool & arti/1 ?an to devote sep>ate *apt]s to ! exam9ation ( ! lake1 riv]1 or sea-pa9t+ ( all4 ,we %all1 !re=e1 v>y our usual plan1 & look fir/ at ! wat]-pa9t+ ( ! anci5ts2 !n at t ( ! mod]ns g5]ally2 la/ly1 at t ( ,turn]4 ,sec4 #d4 ,inaccuracy ( /udy ( wat]-effect among all pa9t]s4 ,x is necess>y 9 ! outset to /ate briefly "o or two ( ! optical conditions by :i* ! appe>ance ( ! surface ( wat] is affect$2 to describe !m all w\ld require a sep>ate essay1 ev5 if ,i possess$ ! requisite k1 :i* ,i d n4 ,! accid5tal modifications "u :i* g5]al laws come into play are innum]able1 & (t51 9 _! extreme complexity1 inexplicable1 ,i suppose1 ev5 by m5 ( ! mo/ ext5d$ optical k4 ,:at ,i %all "h /ate are a few only ( ! broade/ laws v]ifiable by ! read]'s imm$iate obs]vation1 b ( :i* nev]!less1 ,i h f\nd arti/s frequ5tly ignorant2 ow+ to _! habit ( sket*+ f nature )\t ?9k+ or reason+1 & especially ( f9i%+ at home4 ,x is n (t51 ,i believe1 t an arti/ draws ! reflections 9 wat] z he sees !m2 ov] l>ge spaces1 & 9 wea!r t is n v calm1 x is ne>ly impossible to d s2 :5 x is possible1 sometimes 9 ha/e1 & sometimes 9 idl5ess1 & sometimes "u ! idea ( improv+ nature1 !y are slurr$ or misrepres5t$2 x is s easy to give some?+ l a sugge/ive resemblance ( calm wat]1 t1 ev5 :5 ! l&scape is f9i%$ f nature1 ! wat] is m]ely indicat$ z some?+ t may be done at any "t1 & !n1 9 ! home "w1 come ! cold lead5 grays ) "s1 & ! viol5t blues & gre5s ) o!rs1 & ! horizontal l9es ) ! feeble1 & ! bright t\*es & sp>kles ) ! dext]\s1 & ev]y?+ t is %all[ & commonplace ) all4 ,n[1 ! fact is1 t !re is h>dly a roadside pond or pool :i* has n z mu* l&scape 9 x z above x4 ,x is n ! br[n1 muddy1 dull ?+ we suppose x to be2 x has a he>t l ourselves1 & 9 ! bottom ( t !re are ! b\ghs ( ! tall trees1 & ! blades ( ! %ak+-grass1 & all mann] ( hues1 ( v>iable1 pleasant light out ( ! sky2 nay1 ! ugly gutt]1 t /agnates ov] ! dra9 b>s1 9 ! he>t ( ! f\l city1 is n altoge!r base2 d[n 9 t1 if y w look deep en\gh1 y may see ! d>k1 s]i\s blue ( f>-(f sky1 & ! pass+ ( pure cl\ds4 ,x is at y\r own w t y see 9 t despis$ /ream1 ei!r ! refuse ( ! /reet1 or ! image ( ! sky--s x is ) almo/ all o!r ?+s t we unk9dly despise4 ,n[1 ?is f>see+ is j ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! great & ! vulg> pa9t]2 ! common man kn[s ! roadside pool is muddy1 & draws its mud2 ! great pa9t] sees b5ea? & beh9d ! br[n surface :at w take him a day's "w to foll[1 b he foll[s x1 co/ :at x w4 ,& if pa9t]s w\ld only g out to ! ne>e/ common & take ! ne>e/ dirty pond among ! furze1 & draw t ?or\ghly1 n consid]+ t x is wat] t !y are draw+1 & t wat] mu/ be done 9 a c]ta9 way2 b draw+ det]m9$ly :at !y see1 t is to say1 all ! trees1 & _! %ak+ leaves1 & all ! hazy passages ( di/urb+ sun%9e2 & ! bottom se5 9 ! cle>] little bits at ! edge1 & ! /ones ( x1 & all ! sky1 & ! cl\ds f> d[n 9 ! middle1 drawn z completely1 & m delicately !y mu/ be1 ?an ! real cl\ds above1 !y w\ld come home ) su* a notion ( wat]-pa9t+ z might save me & e "o else all tr\ble ( writ+ m ab\t ! matt]2 b n[ !y d no?+ ( ! k9d1 b take ! ugly1 r\nd1 yell[ surface = grant$1 or else improve x1 &1 in/ead ( giv+ t ref9$1 complex1 delicate1 b sadd5$ & gloomy reflection 9 ! pollut$ wat]1 !y cle> x up ) co>se fla%es ( yell[1 & gre51 & blue1 & spoil _! own eyes1 & hurt ours2 fail+1 ( c\rse1 /ill m hopelessly 9 t\*+ ! pure1 inimitable light ( waves ?r[n loose2 & s ,canaletto is /ill ?\ght to h pa9t$ canals1 & ,v&evelde & ,backhuys5 to h pa9t$ sea1 & ! un9t]pret$ /reams & malign$ sea hiss %ame ^u u f all _! rocky b$s & holl[ %ores4 ,sec4 #e4 ,difficulty ( treat+ ?is "p ( ! subject4 ,i approa* ?is "p ( my subject ) m despond5cy ?an any o!r1 & t = sev]al reasons2 fir/1 ! wat] pa9t+ ( all ! eld] l&scape pa9t]s1 except+ a few ( ! bett] passages ( ,claude & ,ruysdael1 is s execrable1 s beyond all expression & explanation bad2 ,claude's & ,ruysdael's be/ s cold & valueless1 t ,i d n "k h[ to address ^? :o l su* pa9t+2 ,i d n "k :at _! s5sations are respect+ sea4 ,i c p]ceive no?+ 9 ,v&evelde or ,backhuys5 ( ! l[e/ r$eem+ m]it2 no p[]1 no pres5ce ( intellect--or evid5ce ( p]ception--( any sort or k9d2 no resemblance--ev5 ! feeble/--( any?+ natural2 no inv5tion--ev5 ! mo/ sluggi%--( any?+ agreeable4 ,_h !y giv5 u />+ gre5 seas ) hat*et edges1 su* z we see ,h] ,maje/y's %ips s-&-s fix$ into by ! heads or /]ns 9 ! fir/ room ( ! ,royal ,academy1 ! admiration ( !m w\ld h be5 compreh5sible2 !re be+ a natural pr$ilection 9 ! m9d ( m5 = gre5 waves ) curl+ tops1 b n = clay & wool2 s t ?\gh ,i c und]/&1 9 "s sort1 :y p admire ev]y?+ else 9 old art1 :y !y admire ,salvator's rocks1 & ,claude's =egr\nds1 & ,hobbima's trees1 & ,paul ,pott]'s cattle1 & ,jan ,/e5's pans2 & :ile ,i c p]ceive 9 all ^! lik+s a root :i* seems "r & legitimate1 & to be appeal$ to2 yet :5 ,i f9d !y c ev5 endure ! sight ( a ,backhuys5 on _! room walls 7,i speak s]i\sly7 x makes me hopeless at once4 ,i may be wrong1 or !y may be wrong1 b at lea/ ,i c conceive ( no pr9ciple or op9ion common betwe5 u1 :i* ei!r c address or und]/& 9 ! o!r2 & yet ,i am wrong 9 ?is want ( conception1 = ,i "k t ,turn] once lik$ ,v&evelde1 & ,i c trace ! evil influ5ce ( ,v&evelde on mo/ ( 8 e>ly sea pa9t+1 b ,turn] c]ta9ly c\ld n h lik$ ,v&evelde )\t "s legitimate cause4 ,ano!r disc\rag+ po9t is t ,i _c cat* a wave1 nor ,dagu]reotype x1 & s !re is no com+ to pure demon/ration2 b ! =ms & hues ( wat] mu/ always be 9 "s measure a matt] ( dispute & feel+1 & ! m s because !re is no p]fect or ev5 tol]ably p]fect sea pa9t+ to ref] to3 ! sea nev] has be51 & ,i fancy nev] w be nor c be pa9t$2 x is only sugge/$ by means ( m or less spiritual & intellig5t conv5tionalism2 & ?\gh ,turn] has done en\gh to sugge/ ! sea mightily & glori\sly1 aft] all x is by conv5tionalism /ill1 & !re rema9s s mu* t is unlike nature1 t x is always possible = ^? :o d n feel 8 p[] to ju/ify _! dislike1 on v suffici5t & reasonable gr\nds2 & to ma9ta9 !mselves ob/9ately unreceptant ( ! good1 by insi/+ on ! defici5cy :i* no mortal h& c supply1 & :i* commonly is mo/ manife/ on ! "o h&1 :]e mo/ has be5 a*iev$ on ! o!r4 ,) calm wat] ! case is diff]5t4 ,facts are asc]ta9able & demon/rable !re1 & by ! notice ( "o or two ( ! simple/1 we may obta9 "s notion ( ! little success & intellig5ce ( ! eld] pa9t]s 9 ?is easi] field1 & s prove _! probable failure 9 cont5d+ ) great] difficulties4 ,sec4 #f4 ,g5]al laws :i* regulate ! ph5om5a ( wat]4 ,fir/1 ! imp]fection ( its reflective surface4 ,fir/3 ,wat]1 ( c\rse1 ow+ to its transp>5cy1 possesses n a p]fectly reflective surface1 l t ( speculum metal1 b a surface ^: reflective p[] is dep5d5t on ! angle at :i* ! rays to be reflect$ fall4 ,! small] ?is angle1 ! great] are ! numb] ( rays reflect$4 ,n[1 accord+ to ! numb] ( rays reflect$ is ! =ce ( ! image ( objects above1 & accord+ to ! numb] ( rays transmitt$ is ! p]ceptibility ( objects bel[ ! wat]4 ,h5ce ! visible transp>5cy & reflective p[] ( wat] are 9 inv]se ratio4 ,9 look+ d[n into x f above1 we receive transmitt$ rays :i* exhibit ei!r ! bottom1 or ! objects float+ 9 ! wat]2 or else if ! wat] be deep & cle>1 we receive v few rays1 & ! wat] looks black4 ,9 look+ along wat] we receive reflect$ rays1 & !re=e ! image ( objects above x4 ,h5ce1 9 %all[ wat] on a level %ore ! bottom is se5 at our feet1 cle>ly2 x becomes m & m obscure z x retires1 ev5 ?\gh ! wat] d n increase 9 dep?1 & at a di/ance ( twelve or tw5ty y>ds--m or less accord+ to our height above ! wat]--becomes entirely invisible1 lo/ 9 ! lu/re ( ! reflect$ surface4 ,sec4 #g4 ,! inh]5t hue ( wat] modifies d>k reflections1 & does n affect bright ones4 ,second3 ,! bright] ! objects reflect$1 ! l>g] ! angle at :i* reflection is visible2 x is always to be rememb]$ t1 /rictly speak+1 only light objects are reflect$1 & t ! d>k] ones are se5 only 9 proportion to ! numb] ( rays ( light t !y c s5d2 s t a d>k object comp>atively loses its p[] to affect ! surface ( wat]1 & ! wat] 9 ! space ( a d>k reflection is se5 p>tially ) ! image ( ! object1 & p>tially transp>5t4 ,x w be f\nd on obs]vation t "u a bank--suppose ) d>k trees above %[+ spaces ( bright sky1 ! bright sky is reflect$ di/9ctly1 & ! bottom ( ! wat] is 9 ^? spaces n se52 b 9 ! d>k spaces ( reflection we see ! bottom ( ! wat]1 & ! color ( t bottom & ( ! wat] itself m+les ) & modifies t ( ! color ( ! trees ca/+ ! d>k reflection4 ,?is is "o ( ! mo/ beautiful circum/ances connect$ ) wat] surface1 = by ^! means a v>iety ( color & a grace & evanesc5ce are introduc$ 9 ! reflection o!rwise impossible4 ,( c\rse at great di/ances ev5 ! d>ke/ objects ca/ di/9ct images1 & ! hue ( ! wat] _c be se51 b 9 ne> wat] ! occurr5ce ( its own color modify+ ! d>k reflections1 :ile x leaves light ones unaffect$1 is ( inf9ite value4 ,take1 by way ( example1 an extract f my own di>y at ,v5ice4 ,may #ag?1 #d ,p4,m4 ,look+ ea/ ! wat] is calm1 & reflects ! sky & vessels1 ) ?is peculi>ity2 ! sky1 :i* is pale blue1 is 9 its reflection ( ! same k9d ( blue1 only a little deep]2 b ! vessels' hulls1 :i* are black1 are reflect$ 9 pale sea gre51 i4e41 ! natural color ( ! wat] "u sunlight2 :ile ! orange ma/s ( ! vessels1 wet ) a rec5t %[]1 are reflect$ )\t *ange ( color1 only n q s bright z above4 ,"o %ip has a :ite1 ano!r a r$ /ripe1 7,i ought to h said horizontal along ! gunwales17 '( ^! ! wat] takes no notice4' ,:at is curi\s1 a boat passes across ) :ite & d>k figures1 ! wat] reflects ! d>k ones 9 gre51 & misses out all ! :ite2 ?is is *iefly ow+ to ! d>k images be+ oppos$ to ! bright reflect$ sky4 ,i h left ! passage ab\t ! :ite & r$ /ripe1 because x w be useful to u pres5tly2 all t ,i wi% to insi/ ^u "h is ! %[+ ( ! local color 7pea gre57 ( ! wat] 9 ! spaces :i* 7 occupi$ by d>k reflections1 & ! unalt]$ color ( ! bright ones4 ,sec4 #h4 ,wat] takes no %ad[4 ,?ird3 ,cle> wat] takes no %ad[1 & t = two reasons2 ,a p]fect surface ( speculum metal takes no %ad[1 7?is ! read] may in/antly demon/rate = himself17 & a p]fectly transp>5t body z air takes no %ad[2 h5ce wat]1 :e!r transp>5t or reflective1 takes no %ad[4 ,b %ad[s1 or ! =ms ( !m1 appe> on wat] frequ5tly & %>ply3 x is necess>y c>efully to expla9 ! causes ( ^!1 z !y are "o ( ! mo/ em95t s\rces ( error 9 wat] pa9t+4 ,fir/3 ,wat] 9 %ade is mu* m reflective ?an wat] 9 sunlight4 ,"u sunlight ! local color ( ! wat] is commonly vigor\s & active1 & =cibly affects1 z we h se51 all ! d>k reflections1 commonly dim9i%+ _! dep?4 ,"u %ade1 ! reflective p[] is 9 a high degree increas$1#fa & x w be f\nd mo/ frequ5tly t ! =ms ( %ad[s are express$ on ! surface ( wat]1 n by actual %ade1 b by m g5u9e reflection ( objects above4 ,?is is ano!r mo/ important & valuable circum/ance1 & we owe to x "s ph5om5a ( ! highe/ beauty4 ,a v muddy riv]1 z ! ,arno = in/ance at ,flor5ce1 is se5 dur+ sun%9e ( its own yell[ color1 r5d]+ all reflections discolor$ & feeble4 ,at twilight x recov]s its reflective p[] to ! fulle/ ext5t1 & ! m\nta9s ( ,c>r>a are se5 reflect$ 9 x z cle>ly z if x 7 a cry/all9e lake4 ,! ,m$it]ranean1 ^: det]m9$ blue yields to h>dly any modify+ color 9 daytime1 receives at ev5+ ! image ( its rocky %ores4 ,on our own seas1 seem+ %ad[s are se5 con/antly ca/ 9 purple & blue1 ^u pale gre54 ,^! are no %ad[s1 b ! pure reflection ( d>k or blue sky above1 se5 9 ! %ad[$ space1 refus$ by ! local color ( ! sea 9 ! sunlight$ spaces1 & turn$ m or less purple by ! opposition ( ! vivid gre54 ,sec4 #i4 ,modification ( d>k reflections by %ad[4 ,we h se51 h[ev]1 above1 t ! local color ( wat]1 :ile x comp>atively refuses d>k reflections1 accepts bright ones )\t dead5+ !m4 ,h5ce :5 a %ad[ is ?r[n across a space ( wat] ( /rong local color1 receiv+1 alt]nately1 light & d>k reflections1 x has no p[] ( increas+ ! reflectiv5ess ( ! wat] 9 ! bright spaces1 /ill less ( dim9i%+ x2 h5ce1 on all ! d>k reflections x is se5 m or less di/9ctly1 on all ! light ones x vani%es altoge!r4 ,let u take an in/ance ( ! exquisite complexity ( effect induc$ by ^! v>i\s circum/ances 9 co-op]ation4 ,suppose a space ( cle> wat] %[+ ! bottom "u a gr\p ( trees1 %[+ sky ?r\gh _! bran*es1 ca/+ %ad[s on ! surface ( ! wat]1 :i* we w suppose also to possess "s color ( its own4 ,close to u1 we %all see ! bottom1 ) ! %ad[s ( ! trees cle>ly ?r[n ^u x1 & ! color ( ! wat] se5 9 its g5u95ess by transmitt$ light4 ,f>!r (f1 ! bottom w be gradually lo/ sight (1 b x w be se5 9 ! d>k reflections mu* f>!r ?an 9 ! light ones4 ,at la/ x ceases to affect ev5 ! =m]1 & ! pure surface effect takes place4 ,! blue bright sky is reflect$ truly1 b ! d>k trees are reflect$ imp]fectly1 & ! color ( ! wat] is se5 in/ead4 ,:]e ! %ad[ falls on ^! d>k reflections a d>kness is se5 pla9ly1 :i* is f\nd to be compos$ ( ! pure cle> reflection ( ! d>k trees2 :5 x crosses ! reflection ( ! sky1 ! %ad[ ( c\rse1 be+ ?us fictiti\s1 vani%es4 ,f>!r1 ( c\rse on :atev] du/ & o!r f\lness may be pres5t 9 wat]1 real %ad[ falls cle> & d>k 9 proportion to ! quantity ( solid sub/ance pres5t4 ,on v muddy riv]s1 real %ad[ falls 9 sunlight ne>ly z %>ply z on l&2 on our own sea1 ! app>5t %ad[ caus$ by increas$ reflection1 is mu* increas$ 9 dep? by ! *alk9ess & impurity ( ! wat]4 ,f>!r1 :5 surface is rippl$1 e ripple1 up to a c]ta9 v>iable di/ance on ea* side ( ! spectator1 & at a c]ta9 angle betwe5 him & ! sun1 v>y+ ) ! size & %ape ( ! ripples1 reflects to him a small image ( ! sun4 ,h5ce ^? dazzl+ fields ( exp&+ light s (t5 se5 ^u ! sea4 ,any object t comes betwe5 ! sun & ^! ripples1 takes f !m ! p[] ( reflect+ ! sun1 & 9 consequ5ce1 all _! light2 h5ce any int]v5+ objects ca/ app>5t %ad[s ^u su* spaces ( int5se =ce1 & ( ! exact %ape1 & 9 ! exact place ( real %ad[s1 & yet :i* are no m real %ad[s ?an ! )drawal ( an image ( a piece ( :ite pap] f a mirror is a %ad[ on ! mirror4 ,f>!r1 9 all %all[ wat]1 m or less 9 proportion to its %all[ness1 b 9 "s measure1 ,i suppose1 up to dep?s ( =ty or fifty fa?oms1 & p]haps m1 ! local color ( ! wat] dep5ds 9 great measure on light reflect$ f ! bottom4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is especially manife/ 9 cle> riv]s l ! ,rhone1 :]e ! abs5ce ( ! light reflect$ f bel[ =ms an app>5t %ad[1 (t5 visibly deta*$ "s di/ance f ! float+ object :i* ca/s x4 ,sec4 #aj4 ,examples on ! wat] ( ! ,rhone4 ,! foll[+ extract f my own di>y at ,g5eva1 ) ! subsequ5t "o1 :i* is a cont9uation ( t already giv5 9 "p at ,v5ice1 w illu/rate bo? ?is & ! o!r po9ts we h be5 /at+4 ,,g5eva1 #ba/ ,april1 ,morn+4 ,! sunlight falls f ! cypresses ( ,r\sseau's isl& /raight t[>ds ! bridge4 ,! %ad[s ( ! bridge & ( ! trees fall on ! wat] 9 lead5 purple1 oppos$ to its g5]al hue ( aquam>9e gre54 ,?is gre5 color is caus$ by ! light be+ reflect$ f ! bottom1 ?\gh ! bottom is n se52 z is evid5t by its becom+ pal] t[>ds ! middle ( ! riv]1 :]e ! wat] %oals1 on :i* pale "p ! purple %ad[ ( ! small bridge falls mo/ =cibly1 :i* %ad[1 h[ev]1 is /ill only app>5t1 be+ ! abs5ce ( ?is reflect$ light1 associat$ ) ! increas$ reflective p[] ( ! wat]1 :i* 9 ^? spaces reflects blue sky above4 ,a boat sw+s 9 ! %oal wat]2 its reflection is ca/ 9 a transp>5t pea-gre51 :i* is consid]ably d>k] ?an ! pale aquam>9e ( ! surface at ! spot4 ,its %ad[ is deta*$ f x j ab\t half ! dep? ( ! reflection2 :i*1 !re=e1 =ms a bright gre5 light betwe5 ! keel ( ! boat & its %ad[2 :]e ! %ad[ cuts ! reflection1 ! reflection is d>ke/ & some?+ l ! true color ( ! boat2 :]e ! %ad[ falls out ( ! reflection1 x is ( a lead5 purple1 pale4 ,! boat is at an angle ( ab\t #bj deg4 bel[4 ,ano!r boat ne>]1 9 deep] wat]1 %[s no %ad[1 :atsoev]1 & ! reflection is m>k$ by its transp>5t gre51 :ile ! surr\nd+ wat] takes a lighti% blue reflection f ! sky4 ,! above notes1 aft] :at has be5 said1 require no comm5t2 b "o m case mu/ be /at$ belong+ to r\gh wat]4 ,e l>ge wave ( ! sea is 9 ord9>y circum/ances divid$ into1 or r cov]$ by1 innum]able small] waves1 ea* ( :i*1 9 all probability1 f "s ( its edges or surfaces reflects ! sunbeams2 & h5ce result a glitt]1 poli%1 & vigor\s light ov] ! :ole flank ( ! wave1 :i* are1 ( c\rse1 in/antly )drawn )9 ! space ( a ca/ %ad[1 ^: =m1 !re=e1 ?\gh x does n affect ! great body or gr\nd ( ! wat] 9 ! lea/1 is suffici5tly traceable by ! )drawal ( ! high lights2 also e /r+ & wrea? ( foam above or )9 ! wave takes real %ad[1 & ?us adds to ! impression4 ,i h n /at$ "o-half ( ! circum/ances :i* produce or influ5ce effects ( %ad[ on wat]2 b le/ ,i %\ld confuse or we>y ! read]1 ,i leave him to pursue ! subject = himself2 en\gh hav+ be5 /at$ to e/abli% ?is g5]al pr9ciple1 t :5ev] %ad[ is se5 on cle> wat]1 &1 9 a measure1 ev5 on f\l wat]1 x is n1 z on l&1 a d>k %ade subdu+ :]e x falls ! sunny g5]al hue to a l[] tone2 b x is a space ( an entirely diff]5t color1 subject itself1 by its susceptibility ( reflection1 to inf9ite v>ieties ( dep? & hue1 & liable1 "u c]ta9 circum/ances1 to disappe> altoge!r2 & t1 !re=e1 :5ev] we h to pa9t su* %ad[s1 x is n only ! hue ( ! wat] itself t we h to consid]1 b all ! circum/ances by :i* 9 ! position attribut$ to !m su* %ad$ spaces c\ld be affect$4 ,sec4 #aa4 ,effect ( ripple on di/ant wat]4 ,f\r?3 ,if wat] be rippl$1 ! side ( e ripple next to u reflects a piece ( ! sky1 & ! side ( e ripple f>!/ f u reflects a piece ( ! opposite %ore1 or ( :atev] objects may be beyond ! ripple4 ,b z we soon lose sight ( ! f>!r sides ( ! ripples on ! retir+ surface1 ! :ole rippl$ space w !n be reflective ( ! sky only4 ,?us1 :]e calm di/ant wat] receives reflections ( high %ores1 e ext5t ( rippl$ surface appe>s z a bright l9e int]rupt+ t reflection ) ! color ( ! sky4 ,sec4 #ab4 ,elongation ( reflections by mov+ wat]4 ,fif?3 ,:5 a ripple or swell is se5 at su* an angle z to af=d a view ( its f>!r side1 x c>ries ! reflection ( objects f>!r d[n ?an calm wat] w\ld4 ,!re=e all motion 9 wat] elongates reflections1 & ?r[s !m into confus$ v]tical l9es4 ,! real am\nt ( ?is elongation is n di/9ctly visible1 except 9 ! case ( v bright objects1 & especially ( lights1 z ( ! sun1 moon1 or lamps by a riv] %ore1 ^: reflections are h>dly ev] se5 z circles or po9ts1 :i* ( c\rse !y are on p]fectly calm wat]1 b z long /reams ( tremul\s light4 ,b x is /range t :ile we are con/antly 9 ! habit ( see+ ! reflection ( ! sun1 :i* ought to be a m]e circle1 elongat$ into a /ream ( light ext5d+ f ! horizon to ! %ore1 ! elongation ( ! reflection ( a sail or o!r object to "o-half ( ?is ext5t is receiv$1 if repres5t$ 9 a picture1 ) incr$ulity by ! great] numb] ( spectators4 ,9 "o ( ,turn]'s ,v5ices ! image ( ! :ite late5-sails ( ! pr9cipal boat is ab\t twice z long z ! sails !mselves4 ,i h he>d ! tru? ( ?is simple effect disput$ ov] & ov] aga9 by intellig5t p]sons1 & yet on any wat] s expos$ z ! lagoons ( ,v5ice1 ! p]iods are few & %ort :5 !re is s little motion z t ! reflection ( sails a mile (f %all n affect ! swell )9 six feet ( ! spectator4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a /range arbitr>9ess ab\t ?is elongation ( reflection1 :i* prev5ts x f be+ truly felt4 ,if we see on an ext5t ( lightly swell+ wat] surface ! image ( a bank ( :ite cl\ds1 ) masses ( high] accumulation at int]vals1 ! wat] w n usually reflect ! :ole bank 9 an elongat$ =m1 b x w commonly take ! em95t p>ts1 & reflect !m 9 long /raight columns ( def9$ bread?1 & miss ! int]m$iate l[] p>ts altoge!r2 & ev5 9 do+ ?is x w be caprici\s1 = x w take "o em95ce1 & miss ano!r1 ) no app>5t reason2 & (t5 :5 ! sky is cov]$ ) :ite cl\ds1 "s ( ^? cl\ds w ca/ long t[]-l reflections1 & o!rs none1 s arbitr>ily t ! spectator is (t5 puzzl$ to f9d out :i* are ! accept$ & :i* ! refus$4 ,9 _m cases ( ?is k9d x w be f\nd r t ! eye is1 f want ( use & c>e1 ins5sible to ! reflection ?an t ! reflection is n !re2 & a little ?\ght & c>eful obs]vation w %[ u t :at we commonly suppose to be a surface ( uni=m color is1 inde$1 affect$ m or less by an inf9ite v>iety ( hues1 prolong$1 l ! sun image1 f a great di/ance1 & t our appreh5sion ( its lu/re1 purity1 & ev5 ( its surface1 is 9 no small degree dep5d5t on our feel+ ( ^! multitud9\s hues1 :i* ! cont9ual motion ( t surface prev5ts u f analyz+ or und]/&+ = :at !y are4 ,sec4 #ac4 ,effect ( rippl$ wat] on horizontal & incl9$ images4 ,six?3 ,rippl$ wat]1 ( :i* we c see ! f>!r side ( ! waves1 w reflect a p]p5dicul> l9e cle>ly1 a bit ( its l5g? be+ giv5 on ! side ( ea* wave1 & easily jo9$ by ! eye4 ,b if ! l9e slope1 its reflection w be excessively confus$ & disjo9t$2 & if horizontal1 ne>ly invisible4 ,x 0 ?is circum/ance :i* prev5t$ ! r$ & :ite /ripe ( ! %ips at ,v5ice1 notic$ above1 f be+ visible4 ,sec4 #ad4 ,to :at ext5t reflection is visible f above4 ,sev5?3 ,e reflection is ! image 9 rev]se ( j s mu* ( ! objects beside ! wat]1 z we c\ld see if we 7 plac$ z mu* "u ! level ( ! wat] z we are actually above x4 ,if an object be s f> back f ! bank1 t if we 7 five feet "u ! wat] level we c\ld n see x ov] ! bank1 !n1 /&+ five feet above ! wat]1 we %all n be able to see its image "u ! reflect$ bank4 ,h5ce ! reflection ( all objects t h any slope back f ! wat] is %ort5$1 & at la/ disappe>s z we rise above x4 ,lakes se5 f a great height appe> l plates ( metal set 9 ! l&scape1 reflect+ ! sky b none ( _! %ores4 ,sec4 #ae4 ,deflection ( images on agitat$ wat]4 ,eigh?3 ,any giv5 po9t ( ! object above ! wat] is reflect$1 if reflect$ at all1 at "s spot 9 a v]tical l9e b5ea? x1 s long z ! plane ( ! wat] is horizontal4 ,on rippl$ wat] a slight deflection sometimes takes place1 & ! image ( a v]tical t[] w slope a little away f ! w9d1 ow+ to ! ca/+ ( ! image on ! slop+ sides ( ! ripples4 ,on ! slop+ sides ( l>ge waves ! deflection is 9 proportion to ! slope4 ,= r\gh practice1 aft] ! slope ( ! wave is det]m9$1 let ! arti/ turn 8 pap] until x becomes horizontal1 & !n pa9t ! reflections ( any object ^u x z on level wat]1 & he w be "r4 ,sec4 #af4 ,necessity ( wat*fulness z well z ( sci5ce4 ,lic5ses1 h[ tak5 by great m54 ,su* are ! mo/ common & g5]al optical laws :i* are to be tak5 into consid]ation 9 ! pa9t+ ( wat]4 ,yet1 9 ! application ( !m1 z te/s ( good or bad wat] pa9t+1 we mu/ be cauti\s 9 ! extreme4 ,an arti/ may "k all ^! laws1 & comply ) !m1 & yet pa9t wat] execrably2 & he may be ignorant ( e "o ( !m1 &1 9 _! turn1 & 9 c]ta9 places1 violate e "o ( !m1 & yet pa9t wat] glori\sly4 ,?\s&s ( exquisite effects take place 9 nature1 utt]ly inexplicable1 & :i* c be believ$ only :ile !y are se52 ! comb9ations & applications ( ! above laws are s v>i$ & complicat$ t no k or labor c\ld1 if appli$ analytically1 keep pace ) !m4 ,con/ant & eag] wat*fulness1 & portfolios fill$ ) actual /atem5ts ( wat]-effect1 drawn on ! spot & on ! in/ant1 are wor? m to ! pa9t] ?an ! mo/ ext5d$ optical k2 )\t ^! all 8 k w end 9 a p$antic falsehood4 ,) ^! x does n matt] h[ gross or h[ d>+ "h & !re may be 8 violations ( ?is or t law2 8 v transgressions w be admirable4 ,x may be said1 t ?is is a dang]\s pr9ciple to advance 9 ^! days ( idl5ess4 ,i _c help x2 x is true1 & mu/ be affirm$4 ,( all contemptible criticism1 ! mo/ to be contemn$ is t :i* puni%es great works ( art :5 !y fight )\t armor1 & refuses to feel or ackn[l$ge ! great spiritual refract$ sun ( _! tru?1 because x has ris5 at a false angle1 & bur/ ^u !m be=e its appo9t$ "t4 ,& yet1 on ! o!r h&1 let x be obs]v$ t x is n feel+1 nor fancy1 nor imag9ation1 s call$1 t ,i h put be=e sci5ce1 b wat*fulness1 exp]i5ce1 affection & tru/ 9 nature2 & f>!r let x be obs]v$1 t !re is a diff]5ce betwe5 ! lic5se tak5 by "o man & ano!r1 :i* makes "o lic5se admirable1 & ! o!r puni%able2 & t ?is diff]5ce is ( a k9d suffici5tly disc]nible by e e>ne/ p]son1 ?\gh x is n s explicable z t we c be=eh& say :]e & :51 or ev5 to :om1 ! lic5se is to be =giv54 ,9 ! ,p>adise ( ,t9toret1 9 ! ,academy ( ,v5ice1 ! ,angel is se5 9 ! di/ance driv+ ,adam & ,eve out ( ! g>d54 ,n1 = ,t9toret1 ! lead+ to ! gate ) consolation or c\nsel2 8 /range ardor ( conception is se5 "h z ev]y:]e4 ,full spe$ !y fly1 ! angel & ! human creatures2 ! angel wrapt 9 an orb ( light floats on1 /oop$ =w>d 9 8 fi]ce flight1 & does n t\* ! gr\nd2 ! *a/is$ creatures ru% be=e him 9 ab&on$ t]ror4 ,all ?is might h be5 inv5t$ by ano!r1 ?\gh 9 o!r h&s x w\ld assur$ly h be5 (f5sive2 b "o circum/ance :i* completes ! /ory c\ld h be5 ?\ght ( or d>$ by none b ,t9toret4 ,! ,angel ca/s a ,,%ad[ be=e him t[>ds ,adam & ,eve4 ,n[ t a globe ( light %\ld ca/ a %ad[ is a lic5se1 z f> z m]e optical matt]s are conc]n$1 ( ! mo/ audaci\s k9d4 ,b h[ beautiful is ! circum/ance 9 its application "h1 %[+ t ! angel1 :o is light to all else ar\nd him1 is d>kness to ^? :om he is commission$ to bani% =ev]4 ,i h be=e notic$ ! lic5se ( ,rub5s 9 mak+ 8 horizon an oblique l9e4 ,8 object is to c>ry ! eye to a giv5 po9t 9 ! di/ance4 ,! road w9ds to x1 ! cl\ds fly at x1 ! trees nod to x1 a flock ( %eep scamp] t[>ds x1 a c>t] po9ts 8 :ip at x1 8 horses pull = x1 ! figures pu% = x1 & ! horizon slopes to x4 ,if ! horizon _h be5 horizontal1 x w\ld h emb>rass$ ev]y?+ & ev]ybody4 ,9 ,turn]'s ,pas de ,calais !re is a buoy pois$ on ! ridge ( a ne> wave4 ,x ca/s its reflection v]tically d[n ! flank ( ! wave1 :i* slopes /eeply4 ,i _c tell :e!r ?is is a lic5se or a mi/ake2 ,i suspect ! latt]1 = ! same ?+ occurs n unfrequ5tly 9 ,turn]'s seas2 b ,i am almo/ c]ta9 t x w\ld h be5 done wilfully 9 ?is case1 ev5 _h ! mi/ake be5 po9t$ out1 = ! v]tical l9e is necess>y to ! picture1 & ! eye is s little accu/om$ to cat* ! real be>+ ( ! reflections on ! slopes ( waves t x does n feel ! fault4 ,sec4 #ag4 ,v>i\s lic5ses or errors 9 wat] pa9t+ ( ,claude1 ,cuyp1 ,v&evelde4 ,9 "o ( ! small] rooms ( ! ,uffizii at ,flor5ce1 (f ! ,tribune1 !re are two s-call$ ,claudes2 "o a pretty wood$ l&scape1 ,i ?9k a copy1 ! o!r a m>9e ) ar*itecture1 v sweet & g5u9e4 ,! sun is sett+ at ! side ( ! picture1 x ca/s a long /ream ( light ^u ! wat]4 ,?is /ream ( light is oblique1 & comes f ! horizon1 :]e x is "u ! sun1 to a po9t ne> ! c5tre ( ! picture4 ,if ?is _h be5 done z a lic5se1 x w\ld be an in/ance ( mo/ absurd & unju/ifiable lic5se1 z ! fault is detect$ by ! eye 9 a mom5t1 & !re is no occasion nor excuse = x4 ,b ,i imag9e x to be an in/ance r ( ! h>m ( imp]fect sci5ce4 ,tak+ 8 impression in/9ctively f nature1 ,claude usually did :at is "r & put 8 reflection v]tically "u ! sun2 probably1 h[ev]1 he _h read 9 "s treatise on optics t e po9t 9 ?is reflection 0 9 a v]tical plane betwe5 ! sun & spectator2 or he might h notic$ walk+ on ! %ore t ! reflection came /raight f ! sun to 8 feet1 & int5d+ to indicate ! position ( ! spectator1 drew 9 8 next picture ! reflection slop+ to ! suppos$ po9t1 ! error be+ excusable en\gh1 & plausible en\gh to h be5 lately reviv$ & sy/ematiz$4#fb ,9 ! picture ( ,cuyp1 ,no4 #hc 9 ! ,dulwi* ,gall]y1 ! po/ at ! end ( ! bank ca/s ?ree or f\r radiat+ reflections4 ,?is is visibly nei!r lic5se nor half sci5ce1 b pure ignorance4 ,aga91 9 ! picture attribut$ to ,paul ,pott]1 ,no4 #agf1 ,dulwi* ,gall]y1 ,i believe mo/ p mu/ feel1 ! mom5t !y look at x1 t !re is some?+ wrong ) ! wat]1 t x looks odd1 & h>d1 & l ice or lead2 & ?\gh !y may n be able to tell ! reason ( ! impression--= :5 !y g ne> !y w f9d x smoo? & lu/r\s1 & prettily pa9t$--yet !y w n be able to %ake (f ! unpleasant s5se ( its be+ l a plate ( bad mirror set 9 a model l&scape among moss1 r ?an l a pond4 ,! reason is1 t :ile ?is wat] receives cle> reflections f ! f5ce & h$ge on ! left1 & is ev]y:]e smoo? & evid5tly capable ( giv+ true images1 x yet reflects none ( ! c[s4 ,9 ! ,v&evelde 7#aac7 !re is n a l9e ( ripple or swell 9 any "p ( ! sea2 x is absolutely w9dless1 & ! ne> boat ca/s its image ) great fidelity1 :i* be+ unprolong$ d[nw>ds in=ms u t ! calm is p]fect1 7,rule ,v417 & be+ un%ort5$ in=ms u t we are on a level ) ! wat]1 or ne>ly s4 7,rule ,,vii47 ,yet und]nea? ! vessel on ! "r1 ! gray %ade :i* /&s = reflection breaks (f imm$iately1 desc5d+ l smoke a little way bel[ ! hull1 !n leav+ ! ma/s & sails entirely unrecord$4 ,?is ,i imag9e to be n ignorance1 b unju/ifiable lic5se4 ,v&evelde evid5tly desir$ to give an impression ( great ext5t ( surface1 & ?\ght t if he gave ! reflection m fai?fully1 z ! tops ( ! ma/s w\ld come d[n to ! ne>e/ "p ( ! surface1 !y w\ld de/roy ! evid5ce ( di/ance1 & appe> to set ! %ip above ! boat in/ead ( beyond x4 ,i d\bt n 9 su* awkw>d h&s t su* w\ld inde$ h be5 ! case1 b he is n on t acc\nt to be excus$ = pa9t+ 8 surface ) gray horizontal l9es1 z is done by nautically-dispos$ *ildr52 = no de/ruction ( di/ance 9 ! ocean is s s]i\s a loss z t ( its liquidity4 ,x is bett] to feel a want ( ext5t 9 ! sea1 ?an an ext5t :i* we might walk ^u or play at billi>ds ^u4 ,sec4 #ah4 ,& ,canaletto4 ,among all ! pictures ( ,canaletto1 :i* ,i h ev] se51 & !y are n a few1 ,i rememb] b "o or two :]e !re is any v>iation f "o me?od ( treatm5t ( ! wat]4 ,he almo/ always cov]s ! :ole space ( x ) "o monoton\s ripple1 compos$ ( a coat ( well-*os51 b p]fectly opaque & smoo? sea-gre51 cov]$ ) a c]ta9 numb]1 ,i _c /ate ! exact av]age1 b x v>ies f ?ree hundr$ & fifty to f\r hundr$ & upw>ds1 accord+ to ! ext5t ( canvas to be cov]$1 ( :ite concave t\*es1 :i* are v prop]ly symbolical ( ripple4 ,&1 z ! canal retires back f ! eye1 he v geometrically dim9i%es ! size ( 8 ripples1 until he arrives at an ev5 field ( app>5tly smoo? wat]4 ,by our six? rule1 ?is rippl+ wat] z x retires %\ld %[ m & m ( ! reflection ( ! sky above x1 & less & less ( t ( objects beyond x1 until1 at two or ?ree hundr$ y>ds d[n ! canal1 ! :ole field ( wat] %\ld be "o ev5 gray or blue1 ! color ( ! sky receiv+ no reflections :atev] ( o!r objects4 ,:at does ,canaletto d8 ,exactly 9 proportion z he retires1 he displays m & m ( ! reflection ( objects1 & less & less ( ! sky1 until1 ?ree hundr$ y>ds away1 all ! h\ses are reflect$ z cle> & %>p z 9 a quiet lake4 ,?is1 aga91 is wilful & inexcusable violation ( tru?1 ( :i* ! reason1 z 9 ! la/ case1 is ! pa9t]'s consci\sness ( weakness4 ,x is "o ( ! mo/ difficult ?+s 9 ! _w to express ! light reflection ( ! blue sky on a di/ant ripple1 & to make ! eye und]/& ! cause ( ! color1 & ! motion ( ! app>5tly smoo? wat]1 especially :]e !re are build+s above to be reflect$1 = ! eye nev] und]/&s ! want ( ! reflection4 ,b x is ! easie/ & mo/ agreeable ?+ 9 ! _w to give ! inv]t$ image3 x occupies a va/ space ( o!rwise tr\blesome di/ance 9 ! simple/ way possible1 & is und]/ood by ! eye at once4 ,h5ce ,canaletto is glad1 z any o!r inf]ior workman w\ld be1 n to say oblig$1 to give ! reflections 9 ! di/ance4 ,b :5 he comes up close to ! spectator1 he f9ds ! smoo? surface j z tr\blesome ne>1 z ! ripple w\ld h be5 f> (f4 ,x is a v n]v\s ?+ = an ignorant arti/ to h a great space ( vacant smoo? wat] to deal )1 close to him1 too f> d[n to take reflections f build+s1 & yet :i* mu/ be made to look flat & retir+ & transp>5t4 ,canaletto1 ) 8 sea-gre51 did n at all feel himself equal to any?+ ( ?is k9d1 & _h !re=e no res\rce b 9 ! :ite t\*es above describ$1 :i* occupy ! al>m+ space )\t any tr\blesome necessity = k or inv5tion1 & supply by _! gradual dim9ution "s means ( express+ retirem5t ( surface4 ,x is easily und]/ood1 !re=e1 :y he %\ld adopt ?is sy/em1 :i* is j :at any awkw>d workman w\ld naturally cl+ to1 tru/+ to ! inaccuracy ( obs]vation ( ! public to secure him f detection4 ,sec4 #ai4 ,:y unp>donable4 ,n[ 9 all ^! cases x is n ! mi/ake or ! lic5se itself1 x is n ! infr+em5t ( ?is or t law :i* condemns ! picture1 b x is ! _s & habit ( m9d 9 :i* ! lic5se is tak51 ! c[>dice or bluntness ( feel+1 :i* infects e "p alike1 & deprives ! :ole picture ( vitality4 ,canaletto1 _h he be5 a great pa9t]1 might h ca/ 8 reflections :]ev] he *ose1 & rippl$ ! wat] :]ev] he *ose1 & pa9t$ 8 sea slop+ if he *ose1 & nei!r ,i nor any "o else %\ld h d>$ to say a ^w aga9/ him2 b he is a little & a bad pa9t]1 & s cont9ues ev]y:]e multiply+ & magnify+ mi/akes1 & add+ apa?y to error1 until no?+ c any m be p>don$ 9 him4 ,if x be b rememb]$ t e "o ( ! surfaces ( ^? multitud9\s ripples is 9 nature a mirror :i* cat*es1 accord+ to its position1 ei!r ! image ( ! sky or ( ! silv] beaks ( ! gondolas1 or ( _! black bodies & sc>let drap]ies1 or ( ! :ite m>ble1 or ! gre5 sea-we$ on ! l[ /ones1 x _c b be felt t ^? waves w\ld h some?+ m ( color ^u !m ?an t opaque dead gre54 ,gre5 !y are by _! own nature1 b x is a transp>5t & em]ald hue1 mix+ itself ) ! ?\s& reflect$ t9ts )\t ov]p[]+ ! weake/ ( !m2 & ?us1 9 e "o ( ^? individual waves1 ! tru?s ( color are contradict$ by ,canaletto by ! ?\s&4 ,v5ice is sad & sil5t n[1 to :at %e 0 9 8 "t2 ! canals are *ok$ gradually "o by "o1 & ! f\l wat] laps m & m sluggi%ly aga9/ ! r5t f\ndations2 b ev5 yet1 c\ld ,i b place ! read] at ! e>ly morn+ on ! quay bel[ ! ,rialto1 :5 ! m>ket boats1 full lad51 float into gr\ps ( gold5 color1 & let him wat* ! da%+ ( ! wat] ab\t _! glitt]+ /eely heads1 & "u ! %ad[s ( ! v9e leaves1 & %[ him ! purple ( ! grapes & ! figs1 & ! gl[+ ( ! sc>let g\rds c>ri$ away 9 long /reams ^u ! waves1 & among !m1 ! crimson fi% baskets1 pla%+ & sp>kl+1 & flam+ z ! morn+ sun falls on _! wet tawny sides1 & above1 ! pa9t$ sails ( ! fi%+ boats1 orange & :ite1 sc>let & blue1 & bett] ?an all su* florid color1 ! nak$1 bronz$1 burn+ limbs ( ! seam51 ! la/ ( ! old ,v5etian race1 :o yet keep ! "r ,giorgione color on _! br[s & bosoms1 9 /range contra/ ) ! sall[ s5sual degradation ( ! creatures t live 9 ! cafes ( ! ,piazza1 he w\ld n be m]ciful to ,canaletto any m4 ,sec4 #bj4 ,! ,dut* pa9t]s ( sea4 ,yet ev5 ,canaletto1 9 relation to ! tru?s he _h to pa9t1 is spiritual1 fai?ful1 p[]ful1 comp>$ to ! ,dut* pa9t]s ( sea4 ,x is easily und]/ood :y 8 gre5 pa9t & concave t\*es %\ld be ?\ght expressive ( ! wat] on :i* ! real colors are n to be disc]n$ b by att5tion1 :i* is nev] giv52 b x is n s easily und]/ood1 consid]+ h[ _m !re are :o love ! sea1 & look at x1 t ,v&evelde & su* o!rs %\ld be tol]at$4 ,z ,i be=e said1 ,i feel utt]ly hopeless 9 address+ ! admir]s ( ^! m51 because ,i d n "k :at x is 9 _! works :i* is suppos$ to be l nature4 ,foam appe>s to me to curdle & cream on ! wave sides & to fly1 fla%+ f _! cre/s1 & n to be set a/ride ^u !m l a p]uke2 & waves appe> to me to fall1 & plunge1 & toss1 & nod1 & cra% ov]1 & n to curl up l %av+s2 & wat] appe>s to me1 :5 x is gray1 to h ! gray ( /ormy air mix$ ) its own deep1 heavy1 ?und]\s1 ?reat5+ blue1 & n ! gray ( ! fir/ coat ( *eap pa9t on a deal door2 & _m o!r su* ?+s appe> to me :i*1 z f> z ,i c conjecture by :at is admir$ ( m>9e pa9t+1 appe> to no "o else2 yet ,i %all h some?+ m to say ab\t ^! m5 pres5tly1 ) respect to ! effect !y h _h ^u ,turn]2 & some?+ m1 ,i hope1 h]eaft]1 ) ! help ( illu/ration4 ,sec4 #ba4 ,ruysdael1 ,claude1 & ,salvator4 ,!re is a sea-piece ( ,ruysdael's 9 ! ,l\vre#fc :i*1 ?\gh no?+ v rem>kable 9 any quality ( art1 is at lea/ =ceful1 agreeable1 &1 z f> z x goes1 natural2 ! waves h mu* fre$om ( action1 & p[] ( color2 ! w9d bl[s h>d ov] ! %ore1 & ! :ole picture may be /udi$ ) pr(it z a pro( t ! defici5cy ( color & ev]y?+ else 9 ,backhuys5's works1 is no fault ( ! ,dut* sea4 ,!re is sublimity & p[] 9 e field ( nature f ! pole to ! l9e2 & ?\gh ! pa9t]s ( "o c\ntry are (t5 bett] & great]1 univ]sally1 ?an ^? ( ano!r1 ?is is less because ! subjects ( art are want+ any:]e1 ?an because "o c\ntry or "o age bre$s mighty & ?9k+ m51 & ano!r none4 ,ruysdael's pa9t+ ( fall+ wat] & brook sc5]y is also g5]ally agreeable--m ?an agreeable x c h>dly be consid]$4 ,!re appe>s no ex]tion ( m9d 9 any ( 8 works2 nor are !y calculat$ to produce ei!r h>m or good by _! feeble influ5ce4 ,!y are good furniture pictures1 unwor?y ( praise1 & undes]v+ ( blame4 ,! seas ( ,claude are ! f9e/ pieces ( wat]-pa9t+ 9 anci5t art4 ,i d n say t ,i l !m1 because !y appe> to me selections ( ! p>ticul> mom5t :5 ! sea is mo/ insipid & *>act]less2 b ,i ?9k t !y are exce$+ly true to ! =ms & "t select$1 or at lea/ t ! f9e in/ances ( !m are s1 ( :i* !re are exce$+ly few4 ,on ! "r h& ( "o ( ! m>9es ( ,salvator1 9 ! ,pitti palace1 !re is a passage ( sea reflect+ ! sunrise1 :i* is ?or\ghly good1 & v l ,turn]2 ! re/ ( ! picture1 z ! "o opposite to x1 utt]ly virtueless4 ,i h n se5 any o!r in/ance ( ,salvator's pa9t+ wat] ) any c>e1 x is usually z conv5tional z ! re/ ( 8 "w1 yet conv5tionalism is p]haps m tol]able 9 wat]-pa9t+ ?an else:]e2 & if 8 trees & rocks _h be5 good1 ! riv]s might h be5 g5]ally accept$ )\t objection4 ,sec4 #bb4 ,ni*olas ,p\ss94 ,! m]its ( ,p\ss9 z a sea or wat] pa9t] may1 ,i ?9k1 be suffici5tly det]m9$ by ! ,deluge 9 ! ,l\vre1 :]e ! break+ up ( ! f\nta9s ( ! deep is typifi$ by ! capsiz+ ( a :]ry ov] a weir4 ,9 ! out] por* ( ,/4 ,m>k's at ,v5ice1 among ! mosaics on ! ro(1 !re is a repres5tation ( ! deluge4 ,! gr\nd is d>k blue2 ! ra9 is repres5t$ 9 bright :ite undulat+ p>allel /ripes2 betwe5 ^! /ripes is se5 ! massy outl9e ( ! ark1 a bit betwe5 ea* /ripe1 v d>k & h>dly di/+ui%able f ! sky2 b x has a squ>e w9d[ ) a bright gold5 bord]1 :i* glitt]s out conspicu\sly1 & leads ! eye to ! re/--! sea bel[ is almo/ conceal$ ) dead bodies4 ,on ! font ( ! *ur* ( ,san ,fr$iano at ,lucca1 !re is a repres5tation (--possibly--! ,israelites & ,egyptians 9 ! ,r$ ,sea4 ,! sea is typifi$ by undulat+ b&s ( /one1 ea* b& compos$ ( ?ree plies 7almo/ ! same type is to be se5 9 ! glass-pa9t+ ( ! twelf? & ?irte5? c5turies1 z especially at ,*>tres74 ,^! b&s w\ld p]haps be h>dly felt z v aque\s1 b = ! fi% :i* are int]wov5 ) !m 9 a complicat$ mann]1 _! heads appe>+ at "o side ( e b&1 & _! tails at ! o!r4 ,bo? ( ^! repres5tatives ( deluge1 ar*aic & rude z !y are1 ,i consid] bett]1 m sugge/ive1 m inv5tive1 & m natural1 ?an ,p\ss9's4 ,inde$1 ?is is n say+ any?+ v depreciatory1 z reg>ds ! ,/4 ,m>k's "o1 = ! glitt]+ ( ! gold5 w9d[ ?r\gh ! ra9 is wond]fully well conceiv$1 & almo/ deceptive1 look+ z if x _h j caught a gleam ( sunlight on its panes1 & !re is some?+ v sublime 9 ! gleam ( ?is light above ! float+ corpses4 ,b ! o!r in/ance is suffici5tly grotesque & imp]fect1 & yet1 ,i speak ) p]fect s]i\sness1 x is1 ,i ?9k1 v f> pref]able to ,p\ss9's4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !re is a j m$ium betwe5 ! meanness & apa?y ( su* a conception z 81 & ! extravagance1 /ill m contemptible1 ) :i* ! subject has be5 treat$ 9 mod]n days4#fd ,i am n aw>e t ,i c ref] to any in/ructive example ( ?is int]m$iate c\rse1 = ,i fe> ! read] is by ?is "t we>i$ ( he>+ ( ,turn]1 & ! plate ( ,turn]'s picture ( ! deluge is s r>e t x is ( no use to ref] to x4 ,sec4 #bc4 ,v5etians & ,flor5t9es4 ,conclusion4 ,x seems exce$+ly /range t ! great ,v5etian pa9t]s %\ld h left u no in/ance1 z f> z ,i "k1 ( any m>9e effects c>efully /udi$4 ,z already not$1 :atev] passages ( sea occur 9 _! backgr\nds are m]ely broad ext5ts ( blue or gre5 surface1 f9e 9 color1 & com+ d>k usually aga9/ ! horizon1 well en\gh to be und]/ood z sea1 7yet ev5 t n always )\t ! help ( a %ip17 b utt]ly unreg>d$ 9 all que/ions ( completion & detail4 ,! wat] ev5 9 ,titian's l&scape is almo/ always viol5tly ?\gh gr&ly conv5tional1 & seldom =ms an important feature4 ,among ! religi\s s*ools v sweet motives occur1 b no?+ :i* = a mom5t c be consid]$ z real wat]-pa9t+4 ,p]ug9o's sea is usually v beautifully felt2 8 riv] 9 ! fresco ( ,sta4 ,maddal5a at ,flor5ce is freely indicat$1 & looks level & cle>2 ! reflections ( ! trees giv5 ) a rapid zigzag /roke ( ! bru%4 ,on ! :ole1 ,i suppose t ! be/ imitations ( level wat] surface to be f\nd 9 anci5t art are 9 ! cle> ,flemi% l&scapes4 ,cuyp's are usually v satisfactory1 b ev5 ! be/ ( ^! atta9 no?+ m ?an ! agreeable sugge/ion ( calm pond or riv]4 ,( any tol]able repres5tation ( wat] 9 agitation1 or "u any circum/ances t br+ out its p[] & "*1 ,i "k no in/ance2 & ! m capable ( noble treatm5t ! subject happ5s to be1 ! m manife/ inv>iably is ! pa9t]'s want ( feel+ 9 e ef=t1 & ( k 9 e l9e4 ,,footnotes #fa ,i /ate ?is m]ely z a fact3 ,i am unable satisfactorily to acc\nt = x on optical pr9ciples1 & 7 x o!rwise1 ! inve/igation w\ld be ( little int]e/ to ! g5]al read]1 & little value to ! arti/4 #fb ,p>sey's ,conv]g5ce ( ,p]p5dicul>s4 ,i h n space "h to ent] into any l5g?y exposure ( ?is mi/ake1 b reason+ is =tunately unnecess>y1 ! appeal to exp]im5t be+ easy4 ,e picture is ! repres5tation1 z be=e /at$1 ( a v]tical plate ( glass1 ) :at might be se5 ?r\gh x1 drawn on its surface4 ,let a v]tical plate ( glass be tak51 & :]ev] x be plac$1 :e!r ! sun be at its side or at its c5tre1 ! reflection w always be f\nd 9 a v]tical l9e "u ! sun1 p>allel ) ! side ( ! glass4 ,! pane ( any w9d[ look+ to sea is all ! app>atus necess>y = ?is exp]im5t1 & yet x is n long s9ce ?is v pr9ciple 0 disput$ ) me by a man ( mu* ta/e & in=mation1 :o suppos$ ,turn] to be wrong 9 draw+ ! reflection /raight d[n at ! side ( 8 picture1 z 9 8 ,lanca/] ,s&s1 & innum]able o!r in/ances4 #fc ,9 ! la/ edition ( ?is "w 0 ! foll[+ passage3--,i wi% ,ruysdael _h pa9t$ "o or two r\gh seas4 ,i believe if he _h he might h sav$ ! unhappy public f mu* griev\s victimiz+1 bo? 9 m9d & pocket1 = he w\ld h %[n t ,v&evelde & ,backhuys5 7 n q sea-deities4 ,! writ] has to ?ank ! editor ( ,murray's ,h&book ( ,pa9t+ 9 ,italy = po9t+ out ! ov]sight4 ,he _h pass$ _m days 9 ! ,l\vre be=e ! above passage 0 writt51 b _h n be5 9 ! habit ( paus+ long any:]e except 9 ! la/ two rooms1 conta9+ ! pictures ( ! ,italian s*ool4 ,! conjecture1 h[ev]1 %[s t he _h n ill-e/imat$ ! p[] ( ,ruysdael2 nor does he consid] x z 9 anywise unfitt+ him = ! task he has und]tak51 t = e h\r pass$ 9 gall]ies he has pass$ days on ! sea%ore4 #fd ,i am "h1 ( c\rse1 speak+ ( ! treatm5t ( ! subject z a l&scape only2 _m mighty examples ( its conception occur :]e ! sea1 & all o!r adjuncts1 are entirely subs]vi5t to ! figures1 z ) ,raffaelle & ,m4 ,angelo4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,( ,,wat]1 ,,z ,,pa9t$ ,,by ,,! ,,mod]ns4 ,sec4 #a4 ,g5]al p[] ( ! mod]ns 9 pa9t+ quiet wat]4 ,! lakes ( ,field+4 ,!re are few m5 among mod]n l&scape pa9t]s1 :o _c pa9t quiet wat] at lea/ sugge/ively1 if n fai?fully4 ,^? :o are incapable ( do+ ?is1 w\ld sc>cely be consid]$ arti/s at all2 & any?+ l ! ripples ( ,canaletto1 or ! black %ad[s ( ,v&evelde1 w\ld be look$ ^u z mo/ unpromis+1 ev5 9 ! "w ( a novice4 ,among ^? :o mo/ fully appreciate & r5d] ! qualities ( space & surface 9 calm wat]1 p]haps ,copley ,field+ /&s fir/4 ,8 expanses ( w9dless lake are among ! mo/ p]fect passages ( 8 works2 = he c give surface z well z dep?1 & make 8 lake look n only cle>1 b1 :i* is f> m difficult1 lu/r\s4 ,he is less dep5d5t ?an mo/ ( our arti/s ^u reflections2 & c give sub/ance1 transp>5cy1 & ext5t1 :]e ano!r pa9t] w\ld be r$uc$ to pap]2 & he is exquisitely ref9$ 9 8 expression ( di/ant bread?1 by ! delicate l9e ( ripple int]rupt+ ! reflection1 & by a]ial qualities ( color4 ,no?+1 inde$1 c be pur] or m ref9$ ?an 8 g5]al feel+ ( lake s5tim5t1 7 x n = a want ( simplicity--a fondness = pretty1 r ?an impressive color1 & a consequ5t want ( "s ( ! high] expression ( repose4 ,sec4 #b4 ,! calm riv]s ( ,de ,w9t1 ,j4 ,holl&1 etc4 ,sec4 #c4 ,! "* ( bright & viol5t fall+ wat]4 ,sec4 #d4 ,z giv5 by ,nesfield4 ,hundr$s ( m5 might be nam$1 ^: works are highly in/ructive 9 ! managem5t ( calm wat]4 ,de ,w9t is s+ul>ly p[]ful & c]ta91 exquisitely bright & vigor\s 9 color4 ,! late ,john ,v>ley produc$ "s noble passages4 ,i h se51 "s sev5 ye>s ago1 works by ,j4 ,holl&1 :i* 71 ,i ?9k1 z ne> p]fection z wat]-color c be c>ri$--= bona fide tru?1 ref9$ & f9i%$ to ! highe/ degree4 ,b ! p[] ( mod]n arti/s is n br\ght out until !y h great] difficulties to /ruggle )4 ,/& = half an h\r beside ! fall ( ,s*affhaus51 on ! nor? side :]e ! rapids are long1 & wat* h[ ! vault ( wat] fir/ b5ds1 unbrok51 9 pure1 poli%$ velocity1 ov] ! ar*+ rocks at ! br[ ( ! cat>act1 cov]+ !m ) a dome ( cry/al tw5ty feet ?ick--s swift t its motion is unse5 except :5 a foam globe f above d>ts ov] x l a fall+ />2 & h[ ! trees are light$ above x "u all _! leaves1 at ! in/ant t x breaks into foam2 & h[ all ! holl[s ( t foam burn ) gre5 fire l s mu* %att]+ *rysoprase2 & h[1 ev] & anon1 />tl+ y ) its :ite fla%1 a jet ( spray leaps hiss+ out ( ! fall l a rocket1 bur/+ 9 ! w9d & driv5 away 9 du/1 fill+ ! air ) light2 & h[1 ?r\gh ! curdl+ wrea?s ( ! re/less1 cra%+ abyss bel[1 ! blue ( ! wat]1 pal$ by ! foam 9 its body1 %[s pur] ?an ! sky ?r\gh :ite ra9-cl\d2 :ile ! %udd]+ iris /oops 9 tremul\s /illness ov] all1 fad+ & flu%+ alt]nately ?r\gh ! *ok+ spray & %att]$ sun%9e1 hid+ itself at la/ among ! ?ick gold5 leaves :i* toss to & fro 9 sympa?y ) ! wild wat]2 _! dripp+ masses lift$ at int]vals1 l %eaves ( load$ corn1 by "s /rong] gu% f ! cat>act1 & b[$ aga9 ^u ! mossy rocks z its ro> dies away2 ! dew gu%+ f _! ?ick bran*es ?r\gh droop+ clu/]s ( em]ald h]bage1 & sp>kl+ 9 :ite ?reads along ! d>k rocks ( ! %ore1 fe$+ ! li*5s :i* *ase & *eck] !m ) purple & silv]4 ,i believe1 :5 y h /ood by ?is = half an h\r1 y w h discov]$ t !re is some?+ m 9 nature ?an has be5 giv5 by ,ruysdael4 ,probably y w n be mu* dispos$ to ?9k ( any mortal "w at ! "t2 b :5 y look back to :at y h se51 & are incl9$ to comp>e x ) art1 y w rememb]--or ought to rememb]--,nesfield4 ,he is a man ( extraord9>y feel+1 bo? = ! color & ! spirituality ( a great wat]fall2 exquisitely delicate 9 8 managem5t ( ! *angeful veil ( spray or mi/2 j 9 8 curves & cont\rs2 & unequall$ 9 color except by ,turn]4 ,none ( our wat]-color pa9t]s c approa* him 9 ! managem5t ( ! v>iable hues ( cle> wat] ov] we$$ rocks2 b 8 feel+ = x (t5 leads him a little too f>1 &1 l ,copley ,field+1 he loses sight ( simplicity & dignity = ! sake ( delicacy or prett9ess4 ,8 wat]falls are1 h[ev]1 unequall$ 9 _! way2 &1 if he w\ld rememb]1 t 9 all su* sc5es !re is mu* gloom z well z mu* spl5dor1 & relieve ! lu/re ( 8 attractive passages ( color ) m def9ite & preval5t grays1 & give a little m sub/ance to p>ts ( 8 picture unaffect$ by spray1 8 "w w\ld be ne>ly p]fect4 ,8 seas are also mo/ in/ructive2 a little confus$ 9 *i>oscuro1 b ref9$ 9 =m & admirable 9 color4 ,sec4 #e4 ,! admirable wat]-draw+ ( ,j4 ,d4 ,h>d+4 ,sec4 #f4 ,8 color2 & pa9t+ ( sea4 ,j4 ,d4 ,h>d+ is1 ,i ?9k1 ne>ly unequall$ 9 ! draw+ ( runn+ wat]4 ,i d n "k :at ,/anfield w\ld d2 ,i h nev] se5 an important piece ( torr5t drawn by him2 b ,i believe ev5 he c\ld sc>cely cont5d ) ! magnific5t ab&on ( ,h>d+'s bru%4 ,!re is p]haps no?+ :i* tells m 9 ! draw+ ( wat] ?an decisive & swift execution2 =1 9 a rapid t\* ! h& naturally falls into ! v curve ( projection :i* is ! absolute tru?2 :ile 9 sl[ f9i%1 all precision ( curve & "* is c]ta9 to be lo/1 except "u ! h& ( an unusually p[]ful ma/]4 ,b ,h>d+ has bo? k & velocity1 & ! fall ( 8 torr5ts is beyond praise2 impati5t1 *af+1 sub/antial1 %att]+1 cry/all9e1 & caprici\s2 full ( v>i\s =m1 yet all app>5tly in/antane\s & accid5tal1 no?+ conv5tional1 no?+ dep5d5t ^u p>allel l9es or radiat+ curves2 all brok5 up & da%$ to pieces ov] ! irregul> rock1 & yet all 9 unity ( motion4 ,! color also ( 8 fall+ & bright wat] is v p]fect2 b 9 ! d>k & level p>ts ( 8 torr5ts he has tak5 up a bad gray1 :i* has hurt "s ( 8 be/ pictures4 ,8 gray 9 %ad[s "u rocks or d>k reflections is admirable2 b x is :5 ! /ream is 9 full light1 & unaffect$ by reflections 9 di/ance1 t he gets wrong4 ,we believe t ! fault is 9 a want ( expression ( d>kness 9 ! color1 mak+ x appe> l a positive hue ( ! wat]1 = :i* x is mu* too dead & cold4 ,h>d+ seldom pa9ts sea1 & x is well = ,/anfield t he does n1 or ! latt] w\ld h to look to 8 cr[n4 ,all t we h se5 f 8 h& is1 z coa/ sea1 q faultless2 we only wi% he w\ld pa9t x m frequ5tly2 always1 h[ev]1 ) a veto ^u ,fr5* fi%+-boats4 ,9 ! ,exhibition ( #ahdb1 he spoil$ "o ( ! mo/ sup]b pieces ( sea%ore & sunset :i* mod]n art has produc$1 ) ! pe/il5t squ>e sail ( "o ( ^! clumsy craft1 :i* ! eye c\ld n escape f4 ,sec4 #g4 ,! sea ( ,copley ,field+4 ,its exce$+ grace & rapidity4 ,be=e pass+ to our great sea pa9t]1 we mu/ aga9 ref] to ! works ( ,copley ,field+4 ,x is ) 8 sea z ) 8 sky1 he c only pa9t "o1 & t an easy "o1 b x is1 = all t1 an impressive & a true "o4 ,no man has ev] giv51 ) ! same fla%+ fre$om1 ! race ( a runn+ tide "u a /iff breeze1 nor caught1 ) ! same grace & precision1 ! curvature ( ! break+ wave1 arre/$ or accel]at$ by ! w9d4 ,! =w>d fl+ ( 8 foam1 & ! impati5t run ( 8 surges1 ^: quick1 r$\bl+ da% we c almo/ he>1 z !y break 9 _! ha/e ^u _! own bosoms1 are nature itself1 & 8 sea gray or gre5 01 n9e ye>s ago1 v "r1 z color2 always a little want+ 9 transp>5cy1 b nev] cold or toneless4 ,s9ce t "t1 he seems to h lo/ ! s5se ( gre5ness 9 wat]1 & has v]g$ m & m on ! purple & black1 ) unhappy results4 ,8 sea 0 always dep5d5t = effect on its light or d>k relief aga9/ ! sky1 ev5 :5 x possess$ color2 b x n[ has lo/ all local color & transp>5cy toge!r1 & is little m ?an a /udy ( *i>oscuro 9 an exce$+ly ill-*os5 gray4 ,besides1 ! p]petual repetition ( ! same idea is s+ul>ly weak5+ to ! m9d4 ,field+1 9 all 8 life1 c only be consid]$ z hav+ produc$ "o sea picture4 ,! o!rs are duplicates4 ,he ought to g to "s sea ( p]fect cle>ness & brilliant color1 z t on ! coa/ ( ,cornwall1 or ( ! ,gulf ( ,g5oa1 & /udy x /]nly 9 broad daylight1 ) no black cl\ds nor drift+ ra9 to help him out ( 8 difficulties4 ,he w\ld !n bo? le>n 8 /r5g? & add to x4 ,sec4 #h4 ,its high aim at "*4 ,sec4 #i4 ,b defici5cy 9 ! requisite quality ( grays4 ,sec4 #aj4 ,v>iety ( ! grays ( nature4 ,b !re is "o po9t 9 all 8 seas des]v+ especial praise--a m>k$ aim at "*4 ,he desires1 especially 9 8 latt] works1 n s mu* to produce an agreeable picture1 a sci5tific piece ( arrangem5t1 or delightful melody ( color1 z to make u feel ! utt] desolation1 ! cold1 )]+1 froz5 hopelessness ( ! cont9u\s /orm & m]ciless sea4 ,& ?is is peculi>ly rem>kable 9 8 d5y+ himself all color1 j 9 ! little bits :i* an arti/ ( inf]ior m9d w\ld pa9t 9 si5na & cobalt4 ,if a piece ( brok5 wreck is all[$ to rise = an in/ant ?r\gh ! boil+ foam1 ?\gh ! blue /ripe ( a sailor's jacket1 or a r$ rag ( a flag w\ld d all our he>ts good1 we are n all[$ to h x2 x w\ld make u too com=table1 & prev5t u f %iv]+ & %r9k+ z we look1 & ! arti/1 ) admirable int5tion1 & mo/ m]itori\s self-d5ial1 expresses 8 piece ( wreck ) a d>k1 cold br[n4 ,n[ we ?9k ?is aim & ef=t wor?y ( ! highe/ praise1 & we only wi% ! lesson 7 tak5 up & act$ on by our o!r arti/s2 b ,mr4 ,field+ %\ld rememb] t no?+ ( ?is k9d c be done ) success unless by ! mo/ /udi$ managem5t ( ! g5]al tones ( ! picture2 = ! eye1 depriv$ ( all means ( enjoy+ ! gray hues1 m]ely z a contra/ to bright po9ts1 becomes pa9fully fa/idi\s 9 ! quality ( ! hues !mselves1 & dem&s = its satisfaction su* melodies & ri*ness ( gray z may 9 "s degree atone to x = ! loss ( po9ts ( /imulus4 ,t gray :i* w\ld be tak5 frankly & freely = an expression ( gloom1 if x came beh9d a yell[ sail or a r$ cap1 is exam9$ ) invidi\s & m]ciless int5tness :5 !re is no?+ to relieve x1 &1 if n able to be> ! inve/igation1 if nei!r agreeable nor v>iable 9 its hue1 r5d]s ! picture weak in/ead ( impressive1 & unpleasant in/ead ( awful4 ,& inde$ ! managem5t ( nature might tea* him ?is2 = ?\gh1 :5 us+ viol5t contra/s1 %e frequ5tly makes h] gloom some:at monoton\s1 ! mom5t %e gives up h] vivid color1 & dep5ds ^u h] desolation1 t mom5t %e beg9s to /eal ! gre5s into h] sea-gray1 & ! br[ns & yell[s into h] cl\d-gray1 & ! expression ( v>i\sly t9t$ light ?r\gh all4 ,nor is ,mr4 ,field+ )\t a model 9 art1 = ! ,l&'s ,end1 & ,l[e/(fe1 & ,sn[/orm1 79 ! ,academy1 #ahdb17 ( ,turn]1 are no?+ m ?an passages ( ! mo/ hopeless1 desolate1 uncontra/$ grays1 & yet are ?ree ( ! v f9e/ pieces ( color t h come f 8 h&4 ,& we s9c]ely hope t ,mr4 ,field+ w gradually feel ! necessity ( su* /udi$ melodies ( quiet color1 & w nei!r fall back into ! old tricks ( contra/1 nor cont9ue to pa9t ) purple & ink4 ,if he w only make a few c>eful /udies ( gray f ! mix$ atmosph]e ( spray1 ra91 & mi/ ( a gale t has be5 ?ree days h>d at "w1 n ( a ra9y squall1 b ( a p]sev]+ & p[]ful /orm1 & n :]e ! sea is turn$ into milk & magnesia by a *alk coa/1 b :]e x breaks pure & gre5 on gray slate or :ite granite1 z along ! cliffs ( ,cornwall1 we ?9k 8 pictures w\ld pres5t "s ( ! f9e/ examples ( high int5tion & feel+ to be f\nd 9 mod]n art4 ,sec4 #aa4 ,works ( ,/anfield4 ,8 p]fect k & p[]4 ,sec4 #ab4 ,b want ( feel+4 ,g5]al sum ( tru? pres5t$ by mod]n art4 ,! works ( ,/anfield evid5tly1 & at all times1 proce$ f ! h& ( a man :o has bo? ?or\gh k ( 8 subject1 & ?or\gh acqua9tance ) all ! means & pr9ciples ( art4 ,we nev] criticise !m1 because we feel1 ! mom5t we look c>efully at ! draw+ ( any s+le wave1 t ! k possess$ by ! ma/] is mu* great] ?an our own1 & !re=e believe t if any?+ (f5ds u 9 any "p ( ! "w1 x is ne>ly c]ta9 to be our fault1 & n ! pa9t]'s4 ,! local color ( ,/anfield's sea is s+ul>ly true & p[]ful1 & entirely indep5d5t ( any tricks ( *i>oscuro4 ,he w c>ry a mighty wave up aga9/ ! sky1 & make its :ole body d>k & sub/antial aga9/ ! di/ant light1 us+ all ! :ile no?+ m ?an *a/e & unexagg]at$ local color to ga9 ! relief4 ,8 surface is at once lu/r\s1 transp>5t1 & accurate to a hairbread? 9 e curve2 & he is entirely indep5d5t ( d>k skies1 deep blues1 driv+ spray1 or any o!r means ( conceal+ want ( =m1 or aton+ = x4 ,he fe>s no difficulty1 desires no assi/ance1 takes 8 sea 9 op5 daylight1 "u g5]al sun%9e1 & pa9ts ! elem5t 9 its pure color & complete =ms4 ,b we wi% t he 7 less p[]ful1 & m int]e/+2 or t he 7 a little less ,diog5es-l1 & did n scorn all t he does n want4 ,n[ t he has %[n u :at he c d )\t su* aids1 we wi% he w\ld %[ u :at he c d ) !m4 ,he is1 z we h already said1 want+ 9 :at we h j be5 prais+ 9 ,field+--impressiv5ess4 ,we %\ld l him to be less clev]1 & m affect+--less wond]ful1 & m t]rible2 & z ! v fir/ /ep t[>ds su* an end1 to le>n h[ to conceal4 ,we are1 h[ev]1 tr5*+ ^u matt]s ) :i* we h at pres5t no?+ to d2 our conc]n is n[ only ) tru?1 & "o "w ( ,/anfield alone pres5ts u ) z mu* conc5trat$ k ( sea & sky1 z1 dilut$1 w\ld h la/$ any "o ( ! old ma/]s 8 life4 ,& let x be especially obs]v$1 h[ ext5sive & h[ v>i$ is ! tru? ( our mod]n ma/]s--h[ x comprises a complete hi/ory ( t nature ( :i*1 f ! anci5ts1 y only "h & !re c cat* a /amm]+ descriptive syllable--h[ ,field+ has giv5 u e "* ( ! quiet lake1 ,robson#fe ( ! m\nta9 t>n1 ,de ,w9t ( ! l[l& riv]1 ,nesfield ( ! radiant cat>act1 ,h>d+ ( ! ro>+ torr5t1 ,field+ ( ! desolate sea1 ,/anfield ( ! blue1 op51 b\ndless ocean4 ,arrange all ?is 9 y\r m9d1 obs]ve ! p]fect tru? ( x 9 all its p>ts1 comp>e x ) ! fragm5t>y falsities ( ! anci5ts1 & !n1 come ) me to ,turn]4 ,,footnotes #fe ,i ought be=e to h allud$ to ! works ( ! late ,g4 ,robson4 ,!y are a little disagreeable 9 execution1 b !re is a feel+ ( ! "* ( deep calm wat] 9 !m q unequall$1 & diff]5t f ! works & ?\ghts ( all o!r m54 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,( ,,wat]1 ,,z ,,pa9t$ ,,by ,,turn]4 ,sec4 #a4 ,! difficulty ( giv+ surface to smoo? wat]4 ,sec4 #b4 ,is dep5d5t on ! /ructure ( ! eye1 & ! focus by :i* ! reflect$ rays are p]ceiv$4 ,i believe x is a result ( ! exp]i5ce ( all arti/s1 t x is ! easie/ ?+ 9 ! _w to give a c]ta9 degree ( dep? & transp>5cy to wat]2 b t x is next ?+ to impossible1 to give a full impression ( surface4 ,if no reflection be giv5--a ripple be+ suppos$--! wat] looks l lead3 if reflection be giv51 x 9 n9e cases out ( t5 looks morbidly cle> & deep1 s t we always g d[n into x1 ev5 :5 ! arti/ mo/ wi%es u to glide ov] x4 ,n[1 ?is difficulty arises f ! v same circum/ance :i* occasions ! frequ5t failure 9 effect ( ! be/ drawn =egr\nds1 notic$ 9 ,section ,,ii4 ,*apt] ,,iii41 ! *ange1 namely1 ( focus necess>y 9 ! eye 9 ord] to receive rays ( light com+ f diff]5t di/ances4 ,g to ! edge ( a pond1 9 a p]fectly calm day1 at "s place :]e !re is duckwe$ float+ on ! surface1--n ?ick1 b a leaf "h & !re4 ,n[1 y may ei!r see 9 ! wat] ! reflection ( ! sky1 or y may see ! duckwe$2 b y _c1 by any ef=t1 see bo? toge!r4 ,if y look = ! reflection1 y w be s5sible ( a sudd5 *ange or ef=t 9 ! eye1 by :i* x adapts itself to ! reception ( ! rays :i* h come all ! way f ! cl\ds1 h /ruck on ! wat]1 & s be5 s5t up aga9 to ! eye4 ,! focus y adopt is "o fit = great di/ance2 &1 accord+ly1 y w feel t y are look+ d[n a great way "u ! wat]1 :ile ! leaves ( ! duckwe$1 ?\gh !y lie ^u ! wat] at ! v spot on :i* y are gaz+ s int5tly1 are felt only z a vague1 unc]ta9 int]ruption1 caus+ a little confusion 9 ! image bel[1 b entirely indi/+ui%able z leaves1--& ev5 _! color unkn[n & unp]ceiv$4 ,unless y ?9k ( !m1 y w n ev5 feel t any?+ int]rupts y\r sight1 s excessively slight is _! effect4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 y make up y\r m9d to look = ! leaves ( ! duckwe$1 y w p]ceive an in/antane\s *ange 9 ! ef=t ( ! eye1 by :i* x becomes adapt$ to receive ne> rays--^? :i* h only come f ! surface ( ! pond4 ,y w !n see ! delicate leaves ( ! duckwe$ ) p]fect cle>ness1 & 9 vivid gre52 b :ile y d s1 y w be able to p]ceive no?+ ( ! reflections 9 ! v wat] on :i* !y float--no?+ b a vague fla%+ & melt+ ( light & d>k hues1 )\t =m or mean+1 :i*1 to inve/igate1 or f9d out :at !y mean or are1 y mu/ quit y\r hold ( ! duckwe$1 & plunge d[n4 ,sec4 #c4 ,morbid cle>ness occasion$ 9 pa9t+ ( wat] by di/9ctness ( reflections4 ,sec4 #d4 ,h[ avoid$ by ,turn]4 ,sec4 #e4 ,all reflections on di/ant wat] are di/9ct4 ,h5ce x appe>s1 t :5ev] we see pla9 reflections ( comp>atively di/ant objects1 9 ne> wat]1 we _c possibly see ! surface1 & vice v]sa2 s t :5 9 a pa9t+ we give ! reflections ) ! same cle>ness ) :i* !y are visible 9 nature1 we presuppose ! ef=t ( ! eye to look "u ! surface1 &1 ( c\rse1 de/roy ! surface1 & induce an effect ( cle>ness :i*1 p]haps1 ! arti/ has n p>ticul>ly wi%$ to atta91 b :i* he has f\nd himself =c$ into1 by 8 reflections1 9 spite ( himself4 ,& ! reason ( ?is effect ( cle>ness appe>+ pret]natural is1 t p are n 9 ! habit ( look+ at wat] ) ! di/ant focus adapt$ to ! reflections1 unless by p>ticul> ef=t4 ,we inv>iably1 "u ord9>y circum/ances1 use ! surface focus2 &1 9 consequ5ce1 receive no?+ m ?an a vague & confus$ impression ( ! reflect$ colors & l9es1 h[ev] cle>ly1 calmly1 & vigor\sly all may be def9$ und]nea?1 if we *oose to look = !m4 ,we d n look = !m1 b glide along ov] ! surface1 cat*+ only play+ light & caprici\s color = evid5ce ( reflection1 except :]e we come to images ( objects close to ! surface1 :i* ! surface focus is ( c\rse adapt$ to receive2 & ^! we see cle>ly1 z ( ! we$s on ! %ore1 or ( /icks ris+ out ( ! wat]1 etc4 ,h5ce1 ! ord9>y effect ( wat] is only to be r5d]$ by giv+ ! reflections ( ! m>g9 cle> & di/9ct 7s cle> !y usually are 9 nature1 t x is impossible to tell :]e ! wat] beg9s27 b ! mom5t we t\* ! reflection ( di/ant objects1 z ( high trees or cl\ds1 t in/ant we mu/ become vague & unc]ta9 9 draw+1 &1 ?\gh vivid 9 color & light z ! object itself1 q indi/9ct 9 =m & feature4 ,if we take su* a piece ( wat] z t 9 ! =egr\nd ( ,turn]'s ,*ateau ( ,pr9ce ,alb]t1 ! fir/ impression f x is1--,:at a wide surface6 ,we glide ov] x a qu>t] ( a mile into ! picture be=e we "k :]e we are1 & yet ! wat] is z calm & cry/all9e z a mirror2 b we are n all[$ to tumble into x1 & gasp = brea? z we g d[n1--we are kept ^u ! surface1 ?\gh t surface is fla%+ & radiant ) e hue ( cl\d1 & sun1 & sky1 & foliage4 ,b ! secret is 9 ! draw+ ( ^! reflections4#ff ,we _c tell :5 we look at !m & = !m1 :at !y mean4 ,!y h all "*1 & are evid5tly reflections ( some?+ def9ite & det]m9$2 b yet !y are all unc]ta9 & inexplicable2 play+ color & palpitat+ %ade1 :i*1 ?\gh we recognize 9 an in/ant = images ( some?+1 & feel t ! wat] is bright1 & lovely1 & calm1 we _c p5etrate nor int]pret3 we are n all[$ to g d[n to !m1 & we repose1 z we %\ld 9 nature1 ^u ! lu/re ( ! level surface4 ,x is 9 ?is p[] ( say+ ev]y?+1 & yet say+ no?+ too pla9ly1 t ! p]fection ( art "h1 z 9 all o!r cases1 consi/s4 ,b z x 0 be=e %[n 9 ,sect4 ,,ii4 ,*ap4 ,,iii4 t ! focus ( ! eye requir$ little alt]ation aft] ! fir/ half mile ( di/ance1 x is evid5t t on ! di/ant surface ( wat]1 all reflections w be se5 pla9ly2 = ! same focus adapt$ to a mod]ate di/ance ( surface w receive ) di/9ctness rays com+ f ! sky1 or f any o!r di/ance1 h[ev] great4 ,?us we always see ! reflection ( ,mont ,blanc on ! ,lake ( ,g5eva1 :e!r we take pa9s to look = x or n1 because ! wat] ^u :i* x is ca/ is itself a mile (f2 b if we w\ld see ! reflection ( ,mont ,blanc 9 ! ,lac de ,*$e1 :i* is close to u1 we mu/ take "s tr\ble ab\t ! matt]1 leave ! gre5 snakes swimm+ ^u ! surface1 & plunge = x4 ,h5ce reflections1 if view$ collectively1 are always cle> 9 proportion to ! di/ance ( ! wat] on :i* !y are ca/4 ,& n[ look at ,turn]'s ,ulleswat]1 or any ( 8 di/ant lake expanses1 & y w f9d e crag & l9e ( ! hills r5d]$ 9 !m ) absolute fidelity1 :ile ! ne> surface %[s no?+ b a vague confusion ( exquisite & lu/r\s t9t4 ,! reflections ev5 ( ! cl\ds w be giv5 f> (f1 :ile ^? ( ne> boats & figures w be confus$ & mix$ among ea* o!r1 except j at ! wat]-l9e4 ,sec4 #f4 ,! error ( ,v&evelde4 ,& n[ we see :at ,v&evelde ought to h done ) ! %ad[ ( 8 %ip spok5 ( 9 ! fir/ *apt] ( ?is section4 ,9 su* a calm1 we %\ld 9 nature1 if we _h look$ = ! reflection1 h se5 x cle> f ! wat]-l9e to ! flag on ! ma9ma/2 b 9 s do+1 we %\ld h appe>$ to ourselves to be look+ "u ! wat]1 & %\ld h lo/ all feel+ ( surface4 ,:5 we look$ at ! surface ( ! sea1--z we naturally %\ld1--we %\ld h se5 ! image ( ! hull absolutely cle> & p]fect1 because t image is ca/ on di/ant wat]2 b we %\ld h se5 ! image ( ! ma/s & sails gradually m confus$ z !y desc5d$1 & ! wat] close to u w\ld h borne only ^u its surface a maze ( fla%+ color & indef9ite hue4 ,_h ,v&evelde1 !re=e1 giv5 ! p]fect image ( 8 %ip1 he w\ld h repres5t$ a tru? dep5d5t on a p>ticul> ef=t ( ! eye1 & de/roy$ 8 surface4 ,b 8 bus9ess 0 to give1 n a di/9ct reflection1 b ! colors ( ! reflection 9 my/]y & disord] ^u 8 ne> wat]1 all p]fectly vivid1 b none intelligible2 & _h he done s1 ! eye w\ld n h tr\bl$ itself to se>* !m out2 x w\ld n h c>$ :5ce or h[ ! colors came1 b x w\ld h felt !m to be true & "r1 & re/$ satisfi$ ^u ! poli%$ surface ( ! cle> sea4 ,( ! p]fect tru?1 ! be/ examples ,i c give are ,turn]'s ,salta% & ,ca/le ,upnor4 ,sec4 #g4 ,diff]5ce 9 arrangem5t ( p>ts betwe5 ! reflect$ object & its image4 ,be x next obs]v$ t ! reflection ( all ne> objects is1 by our fif? rule1 n an exact copy ( ! p>ts ( !m :i* we see above ! wat]1 b a totally diff]5t view & arrangem5t ( !m1 t :i* we %\ld get if we 7 look+ at !m f b5ea?4 ,h5ce we see ! d>k sides ( leaves hang+ ov] a /ream1 9 _! reflection1 ?\gh we see ! light sides above1 & all objects & gr\ps ( objects are ?us se5 9 ! reflection "u diff]5t lights1 & 9 diff]5t positions ) respect to ea* o!r f ^? :i* !y assume above2 "s :i* we see on ! bank be+ entirely lo/ 9 _! reflection1 & o!rs :i* we _c see on ! bank br\ght into view4 ,h5ce nature contrives nev] to repeat h]self1 & ! surface ( wat] is n a mock]y1 b a new view ( :at is above x4 ,& ?is diff]5ce 9 :at is repres5t$1 z well z ! obscurity ( ! repres5tation1 is "o ( ! *ief s\rces by :i* ! s5sation ( surface is kept up 9 ! reality4 ,! reflection is n s rem>kable1 x does n attract ! eye 9 ! same degree :5 x is entirely diff]5t f ! images above1 z :5 x mocks !m & repeats !m1 & we feel t ! space & surface h color & "* ( _! own1 & t ! bank is "o ?+ & ! wat] ano!r4 ,x is by n mak+ ?is *ange manife/1 & giv+ und]nea? a m]e duplicate ( :at is se5 above1 t arti/s are apt to de/roy ! ess5ce & sub/ance ( wat]1 & to drop u ?r\gh x4 ,sec4 #h4 ,illu/rat$ f ! works ( ,turn]4 ,sec4 #i4 ,! boldness & judgm5t %[n 9 ! obs]vance ( x4 ,n[ "o in/ance w be suffici5t to %[ ! exquisite c>e ( ,turn] 9 ?is respect4 ,on ! left-h& side ( 8 ,nott+ham1 ! wat] 7a smoo? canal7 is t]m9at$ by a bank f5c$ up ) wood1 on :i*1 j at ! edge ( ! wat]1 /&s a :ite sign-po/4 ,a qu>t] ( a mile back1 ! hill on :i* ,nott+ham ,ca/le /&s rises /eeply ne>ly to ! top ( ! picture4 ,! upp] "p ( ?is hill is 9 bright gold5 light1 & ! l[] 9 v deep gray %ad[1 aga9/ :i* ! :ite bo>d ( ! sign-po/ is se5 entirely 9 light relief1 ?\gh1 be+ turn$ f ! light1 x is itself 9 delicate middle t9t1 illum9$ only on ! edge4 ,b ! image ( all ?is 9 ! canal is v diff]5t4 ,fir/1 we h ! reflection ( ! piles ( ! bank1 %>p & cle>1 b "u ?is we h n :at we see above x1 ! d>k base ( ! hill1 7= ?is be+ a qu>t] ( a mile back1 we c\ld n see ov] ! f5ce if we 7 look+ f bel[17 b ! gold5 summit ( ! hill1 ! %ad[ ( ! "u "p hav+ no record nor place 9 ! reflection4 ,b ?is summit1 be+ v di/ant1 _c be se5 cle>ly by ! eye :ile its focus is adapt$ to ! surface ( ! wat]1 & accord+ly its reflection is entirely vague & confus$2 y _c tell :at x is meant =1 x is m]e play+ gold5 light4 ,b ! sign-po/1 be+ on ! bank close to u1 w be reflect$ cle>ly1 & accord+ly its di/9ct image is se5 9 ! mid/ ( ?is confusion4 ,b x n[ is reliev$1 n aga9/ ! d>k base1 b aga9/ ! illum9$ summit ( ! hill1 & x appe>s1 !re=e1 in/ead ( a :ite space ?r[n out f blue %ade1 a d>k gray space ?r[n out f gold5 light4 ,i d n "k t any m magnific5t example c\ld be giv5 ( conc5trat$ k1 or ( ! d>+ /atem5t ( mo/ difficult tru?4 ,= :o b ?is consummate arti/ w\ld h _h c\rage1 ev5 if he _h p]ceiv$ ! laws :i* requir$ x1 to und]take 9 a s+le small space ( wat]1 ! pa9t+ ( an entirely new picture1 ) all its tones & arrangem5ts alt]$1--:at 0 made above bright by opposition to blue1 be+ und]nea? made cool & d>k by opposition to gold2--or w\ld h d>$ to contradict s boldly ! ord9>y expectation ( ! uncultivat$ eye1 to f9d 9 ! reflection a mock]y = ! reality8 ,b ! rew>d is imm$iate1 = n only is ! *ange mo/ grateful to ! eye1 & mo/ exquisite z composition1 b ! surface ( ! wat] 9 consequ5ce ( x is felt to be z spaci\s z x is cle>1 & ! eye re/s n on ! inv]t$ image ( ! mat]ial objects1 b on ! elem5t :i* receives !m4 ,& we h a f>!r in/ance 9 ?is passage ( ! close /udy :i* is requir$ to enjoy ! works ( ,turn]1 = ano!r arti/ might h alt]$ ! reflection or confus$ x1 b he w\ld n h reason$ ^u x s z to f9d out :at ! exact alt]ation mu/ be2 & if we _h tri$ to acc\nt = ! reflection1 we %\ld h f\nd x false or inaccurate4 ,b ! ma/] m9d ( ,turn]1 )\t ef=t1 %[]s its k into e t\*1 & we h only to trace out ev5 8 slighte/ passages1 "p by "p1 to f9d 9 !m ! univ]sal work+ ( ! deepe/ ?\ght1 t consi/5cy ( e m9or tru? :i* admits ( & invites ! same ceaseless /udy z ! "w ( nature h]self4 ,sec4 #aj4 ,! texture ( surface 9 ,turn]'s pa9t+ ( calm wat]4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 yet ano!r peculi>ity 9 ,turn]'s pa9t+ ( smoo? wat]1 :i*1 ?\gh less des]v+ ( admiration1 z be+ m]ely a me*anical excell5ce1 is n less wond]ful ?an its o!r qualities1 nor less unique--a peculi> texture1 namely1 giv5 to ! mo/ delicate t9ts ( ! surface1 :5 !re is little reflection f any?+ except sky or atmosph]e1 & :i*1 j at ! po9ts :]e o!r pa9t]s are r$uc$ to pap]1 gives to ! surface ( ,turn] ! greate/ appe>ance ( sub/antial liquidity4 ,x is impossible to say h[ x is produc$2 x looks l "s modification ( body color2 b x c]ta9ly is n body color us$ z by o!r m51 = ,i h se5 ?is exp$i5t tri$ ov] & ov] aga9 )\t success2 & x is (t5 accompani$ by crumbl+ t\*es ( a dry bru%1 :i* nev] c\ld h be5 put ^u body color1 & :i* c\ld n h %[n ?r\gh und]nea? x4 ,z a piece ( me*anical excell5ce1 x is "o ( ! mo/ rem>kable ?+s 9 ! works ( ! ma/]2 & x br+s ! tru? ( 8 wat]-pa9t+ up to ! la/ degree ( p]fection1 (t5 r5d]+ ^? passages ( x ! mo/ attractive & delightful1 :i* f _! delicacy & pal5ess ( t9t1 w\ld h be5 weak & pap]y 9 ! h&s ( any o!r man4 ,! be/ in/ance ( x ,i c give1 is1 ,i ?9k1 ! di/ance ( ! ,devonport ) ! ,docky>ds4 ,sec4 #aa4 ,its unit$ qualities4 ,aft] all1 h[ev]1 !re is m 9 ,turn]'s pa9t+ ( wat] surface ?an any philosophy ( reflection1 or any peculi>ity ( means1 c acc\nt = or accompli%2 !re is a might & wond] ab\t x :i* w n admit ( our :ys & h[s4 ,take1 = in/ance1 ! picture ( ! ,sun ( ,v5ice go+ to ,sea1 ( #ahdc1 respect+ :i*1 h[ev]1 !re are "o or two circum/ances :i* may z well be not$ besides its wat]-pa9t+4 ,! read]1 if he has n be5 at ,v5ice1 ought to be made aw>e t ! ,v5etian fi%+-boats1 almo/ )\t exception1 c>ry canvas pa9t$ ) bright colors1 ! favorite design = ! c5tre be+ ei!r a cross or a l>ge sun ) _m rays1 ! favorite colors be+ r$1 orange1 & black1 blue occurr+ occasionally4 ,! radiance ( ^! sails & ( ! bright & grotesque vanes at ! ma/-heads "u sunlight is beyond all pa9t+1 b x is /range t1 ( con/ant occurr5ce z ^! boats are on all ! lagoons1 ,turn] alone %\ld h avail$ himself ( !m4 ,no?+ c\ld be m fai?ful ?an ! boat :i* 0 ! pr9cipal object 9 ?is picture1 9 ! cut ( ! sail1 ! fill+ ( x1 ! exact height ( ! boom above ! deck1 ! qu>t]+ ( x ) color1 f9ally & especially1 ! hang+ ( ! fi%-baskets ab\t ! b[s4 ,all ^!1 h[ev]1 are comp>atively m9or m]its1 7?\gh n ! blaze ( color :i* ! arti/ elicit$ f ! "r use ( ^! circum/ances17 b ! peculi> p[] ( ! picture 0 ! pa9t+ ( ! sea surface1 :]e !re 7 no reflections to assi/ x4 ,a /ream ( spl5did color fell f ! boat1 b t occupi$ ! c5tre only2 9 ! di/ance1 ! city & cr[d$ boats ?rew d[n "s play+ l9es1 b ^! /ill left on ea* side ( ! boat a l>ge space ( wat] reflect+ no?+ b ! morn+ sky4 ,?is 0 divid$ by an eddy+ swell1 on ^: cont9u\s sides ! local color ( ! wat] 0 se51 pure aquam>9e1 7a beautiful occurr5ce ( closely-obs]v$ tru?17 b /ill !re rema9$ a l>ge blank space ( pale wat] to be treat$1 ! sky above _h no di/9ct details & 0 pure fa9t gray1 ) brok5 :ite ve/iges ( cl\d3 x gave no help !re=e4 ,b !re ! wat] lay1 no dead gray flat pa9t1 b d[nright cle>1 play+1 palpable surface1 full ( indef9ite hue1 & retir+ z regul>ly & visibly back & f> away1 z if !re _h be5 objects all ov] x to tell ! /ory by p]spective4 ,n[ x is ! do+ ( ?is :i* tries ! pa9t]1 & x is 8 hav+ done ?is :i* made me say above t no man _h ev] pa9t$ ! surface ( calm wat] b ,turn]4 ,! ,san ,b5$etto1 look+ t[>ds ,fus9a1 conta9$ a simil> passage1 equally f9e2 9 "o ( ! ,canale della ,guidecca ! specific gre5 color ( ! wat] is se5 9 front1 ) ! %ad[s ( ! boats ?r[n on x 9 purple2 all1 z x retires1 pass+ into ! pure reflective blue4 ,sec4 #ab4 ,relation ( v>i\s circum/ances ( pa/ agitation1 etc41 by ! mo/ trifl+ incid5ts1 z 9 ! ,c[es4 ,b ,turn] is n satisfi$ ) ?is4 ,he is nev] altoge!r cont5t unless he c1 at ! same "t t he takes advantage ( all ! placidity ( repose1 tell u some?+ ei!r ab\t ! pa/ commotion ( ! wat]1 or ( "s pres5t /irr+ ( tide or curr5t :i* its /illness does n %[1 or give u some?+ or o!r to ?9k ab\t & reason ^u1 z well z to look at4 ,take a few in/ances4 ,8 ,c[es1 ,isle ( ,wight1 is a summ] twilight ab\t half an h\r1 or m1 aft] sunset4 ,int5sity ( repose is ! great aim ?r\gh\t1 & ! unity ( tone ( ! picture is "o ( ! f9e/ ?+s t ,turn] has ev] done4 ,b !re is n only quietness1 !re is ! v deepe/ solemnity 9 ! :ole ( ! light1 z well z 9 ! /illness ( ! vessels2 & ,turn] wi%es to enhance ?is feel+ by repres5t+ n only repose1 b p[] 9 repose1 ! emblem1 9 ! sea1 ( ! quiet %ips ( w>4 ,accord+ly1 he takes ! greate/ possible pa9s to get 8 surface poli%$1 calm1 & smoo?1 b he indicates ! reflection ( a buoy1 float+ a full qu>t] ( a mile (f1 by ?ree black /rokes ) wide int]vals betwe5 !m1 ! la/ ( :i* t\*es ! wat] )9 tw5ty y>ds ( ! spectator4 ,n[ ^! ?ree reflections c only indicate ! f>!r sides ( ?ree rises ( an enorm\s swell1 & give by _! int]vals ( sep>ation1 a space ( f twelve to tw5ty y>ds = ! bread? ( ea* wave1 includ+ ! sweep betwe5 !m1 & ?is swell is f>!r indicat$ by ! reflection ( ! new moon fall+1 9 a wide zigzag l9e4 ,! exce$+ maje/y :i* ?is s+le circum/ance gives to ! :ole picture1 ! sublime s5sation ( p[] & k ( =m] ex]tion :i* we in/antly receive f x1 if we h b acqua9tance ) nature en\gh to und]/& its language1 r5d] ?is "w n only a piece ( ! mo/ ref9$ tru?1 7z :i* ,i h at pres5t nam$ x17 b to my m9d1 "o ( ! highe/ pieces ( intellectual art exi/+4 ,sec4 #ac4 ,9 sc5es on ! ,loire & ,se9e4 ,aga91 9 ! sc5e on ! ,loire1 ) ! squ>e precipice & fi]y sunset1 9 ! ,riv]s ( ,france1 repose has be5 aim$ at 9 ! same way1 & mo/ ?or\ghly giv52 b ! imm5se wid? ( ! riv] at ?is spot makes x look l a lake or sea1 & x 0 !re=e necess>y t we %\ld be made ?or\ghly to und]/& & feel t ?is is n ! calm ( /ill wat]1 b ! tranquillity ( a maje/ic curr5t4 ,accord+ly1 a boat sw+s at an*or on ! "r2 & ! /ream1 divid+ at its b[1 fl[s t[>ds u 9 two long1 d>k waves1 especial att5tion to :i* is en=c$ by ! "o on ! left be+ br\ght across ! reflect$ /ream ( sun%9e1 :i* x sep>ates1 & :i* is brok5 9 ! ne>] wat] by ! g5]al undulation & agitation caus$ by ! boat's wake2 a wake caus$ by ! wat]s pass+ x1 n by its go+ ?r\gh ! wat]4 ,sec4 #ad4 ,expression ( contr>y waves caus$ by recoil f %ore4 ,sec4 #ae4 ,v>i\s o!r in/ances4 ,aga91 9 ! ,conflu5ce ( ! ,se9e & ,m>ne1 we h ! repose ( ! wide riv] /irr$ by ! paddles ( ! /eamboat1 7^: pla%+ we c almo/ he>1 = we are especially compell$ to look at !m by _! be+ made ! c5tral note ( ! composition--! blacke/ object 9 x1 oppos$ to ! /ronge/ light17 & ?is di/urbance is n m]ely caus$ by ! two l9es ( surge f ! boat's wake1 = any o!r pa9t] mu/ h giv5 ^!1 b ,turn] nev] re/s satisfi$ till he has told y all 9 8 p[]2 & he has n only giv5 ! rec$+ surges1 b ^! h gone on to ! %ore1 h /ruck ^u x1 & be5 beat5 back f x 9 ano!r l9e ( weak] contr>y surges1 ^: po9t ( int]section ) ^? ( ! wake itself is m>k$ by ! sudd5 subdivision & disord] ( ! waves ( ! wake on ! extreme left1 & ^: rev]t$ direction is exquisitely giv5 :]e _! l9es cross ! calm wat]1 close to ! spectator1 & m>k$ also by ! sudd5 v]tical spr+ ( ! spray j :]e !y int]sect ! swell f ! boat2 & 9 ord] t we may fully be able to acc\nt = ^! rev]t$ waves1 we are all[$1 j at ! extreme "r-h& limit ( ! picture1 to see ! po9t :]e ! swell f ! boat meets ! %ore4 ,9 ! ,*aise de ,g>gantua we h ! /ill wat] lull$ by ! dead calm :i* usually prec$es ! mo/ viol5t /orms1 sudd5ly brok5 ^u by a trem5d\s bur/ ( w9d f ! ga!r$ ?und]-cl\ds1 scatt]+ ! boats1 & rais+ ! wat] into rage1 except :]e x is %elt]$ by ! hills4 ,9 ! ,jumieges & ,v]non we h f>!r in/ances ( local agitation1 caus$1 9 ! "o in/ance1 by a /eam]1 9 ! o!r1 by ! l>ge wat]-:eels "u ! bridge1 n1 obs]ve1 a m]e spla%+ ab\t ! :eel itself1 ?is is too f> (f to be noticeable1 s t we %\ld n h ev5 kn[n t ! objects b5ea? ! bridge 7 wat]-:eels1 b = ! agitation record$ a qu>t] ( a mile d[n ! riv]1 :]e its curr5t crosses ! sunlight4 ,& ?us !re w sc>cely ev] be f\nd a piece ( quiet wat] by ,turn]1 )\t "s /ory 9 x ( "o k9d or ano!r2 sometimes a slight1 b beautiful incid5t--(t5]1 z 9 ! ,c[es1 some?+ on :i* ! :ole s5tim5t & int5tion ( ! picture 9 a great degree dep5ds2 b inv>iably pres5t+ "s new in/ance ( v>i$ k & obs]vation1 "s fre% appeal to ! highe/ faculties ( ! m9d4 ,sec4 #af4 ,turn]'s pa9t+ ( di/ant expanses ( wat]4 ,calm1 int]rupt$ by ripple4 ,sec4 #ag4 ,& ripple1 cross$ by sun%9e4 ,( ext5d$ surfaces ( wat]1 z r5d]$ by ,turn]1 ! ,lo* ,katr9e & ,d]w5t-wat]1 ( ! ,illu/rations to ,scott1 & ! ,lo* ,lomond1 vignette 9 ,rog]s's ,poems1 are *>act]i/ic in/ances4 ,! fir/ ( ^! gives u ! mo/ di/ant "p ( ! lake entirely "u ! influ5ce ( a light breeze1 & !re=e entirely )\t reflections ( ! objects on its bord]s2 b ! :ole ne> half is unt\*$ by ! w9d1 & on t is ca/ ! image ( ! upp] "p ( ,b5-,v5ue & ( ! isl&s4 ,! second gives u ! surface1 ) j s mu* motion ^u x z to prolong1 b n to de/roy1 ! reflections ( ! d>k woods1--reflections only int]rupt$ by ! ripple ( ! boat's wake4 ,& ! ?ird gives u an example ( ! :ole surface s mu* affect$ by ripple z to br+ into ex]cise all ^? laws :i* we h se5 s grossly violat$ by ,canaletto4 ,we see 9 ! ne>e/ boat t ?\gh ! l9es ( ! gunwale are mu* black] & m conspicu\s ?an t ( ! cutwat]1 yet ! gunwale l9es1 be+ ne>ly horizontal1 h no reflection :atsoev]2 :ile ! l9e ( ! cutwat]1 be+ v]tical1 has a di/9ct reflection ( ?ree times its own l5g?4 ,b ev5 ^! tremul\s reflections are only visible z f> z ! isl&s2 beyond !m1 z ! lake retires into di/ance1 we f9d x receives only ! reflection ( ! gray light f ! cl\ds1 & runs 9 "o flat :ite field up betwe5 ! hills2 & besides all ?is1 we h ano!r ph5om5on1 q new1 giv5 to u1--! brilliant gleam ( light along ! c5tre ( ! lake4 ,?is is n caus$ by ripple1 = x is ca/ on a surface rippl$ all ov]2 b x is :at we c\ld n h )\t ripple1--! light ( a passage ( sun%9e4 ,i h already 7,*ap4 ,i41 ,sec4 #i7 expla9$ ! cause ( ?is ph5om5on1 :i* nev] c by any possibility take place on calm wat]1 be+ ! multitud9\s reflection ( ! sun f ! sides ( ! ripples1 caus+ an appe>ance ( local light & %ad[2 & be+ dep5d5t1 l real light & %ad[1 on ! passage ( ! cl\ds1 ?\gh ! d>k p>ts ( ! wat] are ! reflections ( ! cl\ds1 n ! %ad[s ( !m2 & ! bright p>ts are ! reflections ( ! sun1 & n ! light ( x4 ,?is little vignette1 !n1 w entirely complete ! sy/em ( ,turn]'s univ]sal tru? 9 quiet wat]4 ,we h se5 e ph5om5on giv5 by him1--! cle> reflection1 ! prolong$ reflection1 ! reflection brok5 by ripple1 & f9ally ! ripple brok5 by light & %ade2 & x is especially to be obs]v$ h[ c>eful he is1 9 ?is la/ case1 :5 he uses ! app>5t light & %ade1 to acc\nt = x by %[+ u 9 ! :it5ess ( ! lake beyond1 its univ]sal subjection to ripple4 ,sec4 #ah4 ,8 draw+ ( di/ant riv]s4 ,sec4 #ai4 ,& ( surface associat$ ) mi/4 ,we h n spok5 ( ,turn]'s magnific5t draw+ ( di/ant riv]s1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is dep5d5t only on m complicat$ application ( ! same laws1 ) exquisite p]spective4 ,! sweeps ( riv] 9 ! ,dryburgh1 7,illu/rations to ,scott17 & ,melrose1 are bold & *>act]i/ic examples1 z well z ! ,r\5 f ,/4 ,ca!r9e's ,hill1 & ! ,caudebec1 9 ! ,riv]s ( ,france4 ,! only ?+ :i* 9 ^! works requires p>ticul> att5tion1 is ! c>e ) :i* ! height ( ! obs]v] above ! riv] is indicat$ by ! loss ( ! reflections ( its banks4 ,?is is1 p]haps1 %[n mo/ cle>ly 9 ! ,caudebec4 ,if we _h be5 on a level ) ! riv]1 its :ole surface w\ld h be5 d>k5$ by ! reflection ( ! /eep & high banks2 b be+ f> above x1 we c see no m ( ! image ?an we c\ld ( ! hill itself1 if x 7 actually rev]s$ "u ! wat]2 & !re=e we see t ,turn] gives u only a n>r[ l9e ( d>k wat]1 imm$iately "u ! precipice1 ! broad surface reflect+ only ! sky4 ,?is is also f9ely %[n on ! left-h& side ( ! ,dryburgh4 ,b all ^! e>ly works ( ! arti/ h be5 eclips$ by "s rec5t draw+s ( ,switz]l&4 ,^! latt] are n to be describ$ by any words1 b !y mu/ be not$ "h n only z pres5t+ records ( lake effect on gr&] scale1 & ( m imag9ative "* ?an any o!r ( 8 works1 b z comb9+ effects ( ! surface ( mi/ ) ! surface ( wat]4 ,two or ?ree ( ! ,lake ( ,luc]ne1 se5 f above1 give ! melt+ ( ! m\nta9 promontories b5ea? into ! cle> dep?1 & above into ! cl\ds2 "o ( ,con/ance %[s ! va/ lake at ev5+1 se5 n z wat]1 b its surface cov]$ ) l[ :ite mi/1 ly+ league beyond league 9 ! twilight l a fall5 space ( moony cl\d2 "o ( ,goldau %[s ! ,lake ( ,zug appe>+ ?r\gh ! *asm ( a ?und]-cl\d "u sunset1 its :ole surface "o blaze ( fire1 & ! promontories ( ! hills ?r[n out aga9/ x1 l spectres2 ano!r ( ,zuri* gives ! play+ ( ! gre5 waves ( ! riv] among :ite /reams ( moonlight3 two purple sunsets on ! ,lake ( ,zug are di/+ui%$ = ! gl[ obta9$ )\t positive color1 ! rose & purple t9ts be+ 9 great measure br\ght by opposition out ( br[ns3 f9ally1 a draw+ execut$ 9 #ahde ( ! t[n ( ,luc]ne f ! lake is unique = its expression ( wat] surface reflect+ ! cle> gre5 hue ( sky at twilight4 ,sec4 #bj4 ,8 draw+ ( fall+ wat]1 ) peculi> expression ( weight4 ,sec4 #ba4 ,! ab&onm5t & plunge ( great cat>acts4 ,h[ giv5 by him4 ,x w be rememb]$ t x 0 said above1 t ,turn] 0 ! only pa9t] :o _h ev] repres5t$ ! surface ( calm or ! =ce ( agitat$ wat]4 ,he obta9s ?is expression ( =ce 9 fall+ or runn+ wat] by fe>less & full r5d]+ ( its =ms4 ,he nev] loses himself & 8 subject 9 ! spla% ( ! fall--8 pres5ce ( m9d nev] fails z he goes d[n2 he does n bl9d u ) ! spray1 or veil ! c\nt5ance ( 8 fall ) its own drap]y4 ,a little crumbl+ :ite1 or lightly rubb$ pap]1 w soon give ! effect ( indiscrim9ate foam2 b nature gives m ?an foam--%e %[s b5ea? x1 & ?r\gh x1 a peculi> "* ( exquisitely /udi$ =m be/[$ on e wave & l9e ( fall2 & x is ?is v>iety ( def9ite "* :i* ,turn] always aims at1 reject+1 z mu* z possible1 ev]y?+ t conceals or ov]:elms x4 ,?us1 9 ! ,upp] ,fall ( ! ,tees1 ?\gh ! :ole bas9 ( ! fall is blue & dim ) ! ris+ vapor1 yet ! :ole att5tion ( ! spectator is direct$ to t :i* x 0 peculi>ly difficult to r5d]1 ! conc5tric zones & delicate curves ( ! fall+ wat] itself2 & x is impossible to express ) :at exquisite accuracy ^! are giv54 ,!y are ! *>act]i/ic ( a p[]ful /ream desc5d+ )\t imp$im5t or break1 b f a n>r[ *annel1 s z to exp& z x falls4 ,!y are ! con/ant =m :i* su* a /ream assumes z x desc5ds2 & yet ,i ?9k x w\ld be difficult to po9t to ano!r in/ance ( _! be+ r5d]$ 9 art4 ,y w f9d no?+ 9 ! wat]falls ev5 ( our be/ pa9t]s1 b spr++ l9es ( p>abolic desc5t1 & spla%+1 %apeless foam2 &1 9 consequ5ce1 ?\gh !y may make y und]/& ! swiftness ( ! wat]1 !y nev] let y feel ! weight ( x2 ! /ream 9 _! h&s looks active1 n sup9e1 z if x leap$1 n z if x fell4 ,n[ wat] w leap a little way1 x w leap d[n a weir or ov] a /one1 b x tumbles ov] a high fall l ?is2 & x is :5 we h lo/ ! p>abolic l9e1 & arriv$ at ! cat5>y1--:5 we h lo/ ! spr+ ( ! fall1 & arriv$ at ! plunge ( x1 t we beg9 really to feel its weight & wildness4 ,:]e wat] takes its fir/ leap f ! top1 x is cool1 & collect$1 & un9t]e/+1 & ma!matical1 b x is :5 x f9ds t x has got into a scrape1 & has f>!r to g ?an x ?\ght =1 t its "* comes out2 x is !n t x beg9s to wri!1 & twi/1 & sweep out zone aft] zone 9 wild] /ret*+ z x falls1 & to s5d d[n ! rocket-l1 lance-po9t$1 :izz+ %afts at its sides1 s\nd+ = ! bottom4 ,& x is ?is pro/ration1 ?is hopeless ab&onm5t ( its pond]\s p[] to ! air1 :i* is always peculi>ly express$ by ,turn]1 & especially 9 ! case be=e u2 :ile our o!r arti/s1 keep+ to ! p>abolic l9e1 :]e !y d n lose !mselves 9 smoke & foam1 make _! cat>act look muscul> & wiry1 & may consid] !mselves =tunate if !y c keep x f /opp+4 ,i believe ! maje/y ( motion :i* ,turn] has giv5 by ^! conc5tric cat5>y l9es mu/ be felt ev5 by ^? :o h nev] se5 a high wat]fall1 & !re=e _c appreciate _! exquisite fidelity to nature4 ,9 ! ,*a9 ,bridge ov] ! ,tees1 ?is passiv5ess & sw++ ( ! wat] to & fro are yet m rem>kable2 :ile we h ano!r *>act]i/ic ( a great wat]fall giv5 to u1 t ! w9d1 9 ?is in/ance com+ up ! valley aga9/ ! curr5t1 takes ! spray up (f ! edges1 & c>ries x back 9 little torn1 rev]t$ rags & ?reads1 se5 9 delicate =m aga9/ ! d>kness on ! left4 ,b we mu/ und]/& a little m ab\t ! nature ( runn+ wat] be=e we c appreciate ! draw+ ei!r ( ?is1 or any o!r ( ,turn]'s torr5ts4 ,sec4 #bb4 ,diff]5ce 9 ! action ( wat]1 :5 cont9u\s & :5 int]rupt$4 ,! int]rupt$ /ream fills ! holl[s ( its b$4 ,sec4 #bc4 ,b ! cont9u\s /ream takes ! %ape ( its b$4 ,sec4 #bd4 ,its exquisite curv$ l9es4 ,:5 wat]1 n 9 v great body1 runs 9 a rocky b$ mu* int]rupt$ by holl[s1 s t x c re/ e n[ & !n 9 a pool z x goes along1 x does n acquire a cont9u\s velocity ( motion4 ,x pauses aft] e leap1 & curdles ab\t1 & re/s a little1 & !n goes on aga92 & if 9 ?is comp>atively tranquil & rational /ate ( m9d x meets ) an ob/acle1 z a rock or /one1 x p>ts on ea* side ( x ) a little bubbl+ foam1 & goes r\nd2 if x comes to a /ep 9 its b$1 x leaps x lightly1 & !n aft] a little pla%+ at ! bottom1 /ops aga9 to take brea?4 ,b if its b$ be on a cont9u\s slope1 n mu* int]rupt$ by holl[s1 s t x _c re/1 or if its own mass be s increas$ by flood t its usual re/+-places are n suffici5t = x1 b t x is p]petually pu%$ out ( !m by ! foll[+ curr5t1 be=e x has _h "t to tranquillize itself1 x ( c\rse ga9s velocity ) e y>d t x runs2 ! impetus got at "o leap is c>ri$ to ! cr$it ( ! next1 until ! :ole /ream becomes "o mass ( un*eck$1 accel]at+ motion4 ,n[ :5 wat] 9 ?is /ate comes to an ob/acle1 x does n "p at x1 b cle>s x1 l a racehorse2 & :5 x comes to a holl[1 x does n fill x up & run out leisurely at ! o!r side1 b x ru%es d[n into x & comes up aga9 on ! o!r side1 z a %ip into ! holl[ ( ! sea4 ,h5ce ! :ole appe>ance ( ! b$ ( ! /ream is *ang$1 & all ! l9es ( ! wat] alt]$ 9 _! nature4 ,! quiet /ream is a succession ( leaps & pools2 ! leaps are light & spr+y1 & p>abolic1 & make a great deal ( spla%+ :5 !y tumble into ! pool2 !n we h a space ( quiet curdl+ wat]1 & ano!r simil> leap bel[4 ,b ! /ream :5 x has ga9$ an impetus takes ! %ape ( its b$1 nev] /ops1 is equally deep & equally swift ev]y:]e1 goes d[n into e holl[1 n ) a leap1 b ) a sw+1 n foam+1 nor spla%+1 b 9 ! b5d+ l9e ( a /rong sea-wave1 & comes up aga9 on ! o!r side1 ov] rock & ridge1 ) ! ease ( a b\nd+ leop>d2 if x meet a rock ?ree or f\r feet above ! level ( its b$1 x w nei!r "p nor foam1 nor express any conc]n ab\t ! matt]1 b cle> x 9 a smoo? dome ( wat]1 )\t app>5t ex]tion1 com+ d[n aga9 z smoo?ly on ! o!r side2 ! :ole surface ( ! surge be+ drawn into p>allel l9es by its extreme velocity1 b foamless1 except 9 places :]e ! =m ( ! b$ opposes itself at "s direct angle to su* a l9e ( fall1 & causes a break]2 s t ! :ole riv] has ! appe>ance ( a deep & rag+ sea1 ) ?is only diff]5ce1 t ! torr5t-waves always break backw>ds1 & sea-waves =w>ds4 ,?us1 !n1 9 ! wat] :i* has ga9$ an impetus1 we h ! mo/ exquisite arrangem5ts ( curv$ l9es1 p]petually *ang+ f convex to concave1 & vice v]sa1 foll[+ e swell & holl[ ( ! b$ ) _! modulat+ grace1 & all 9 unison ( motion1 pres5t+ p]haps ! mo/ beautiful s]ies ( inorganic =ms :i* nature c possibly produce2 = ! sea runs too mu* into simil> & concave curves ) %>p edges1 b e motion ( ! torr5t is unit$1 & all its curves are modifications ( beautiful l9e4 ,sec4 #be4 ,turn]'s c>eful *oice ( ! hi/orical tru?4 ,sec4 #bf4 ,8 exquisite draw+ ( ! cont9u\s torr5t 9 ! ,llan?ony ,abbey4 ,we see1 !re=e1 :y ,turn] seizes on ^! curv$ l9es ( ! torr5t1 n only z be+ among ! mo/ beautiful =ms ( nature1 b because !y are an in/ant expression ( ! utmo/ p[] & velocity1 & tell u h[ ! torr5t has be5 fl[+ be=e we see x4 ,= ! leap & spla% might be se5 9 ! sudd5 freaki%ness ( a quiet /ream1 or ! fall ( a rivulet ov] a mill-dam2 b ! undulat+ l9e is ! exclusive attribute ( ! m\nta9-torr5t1#fg ^: fall & fury h made ! valleys e*o = miles2 & ?us ! mom5t we see "o ( its curves ov] a /one 9 ! =egr\nd1 we "k h[ f> x has come1 & h[ fi]cely4 ,& 9 ! draw+ we h be5 speak+ (1 ! l[] fall ( ! ,tees1 9 ! =egr\nd ( ! ,killiecrankie & ,rhym]'s ,gl51 & ( ! ,/4 ,maurice1 9 ,rog]s's ,italy1 we %all f9d ! mo/ exquisite in/ances ( ! use ( su* l9es2 b ! mo/ p]fect ( all 9 ! ,llan?ony ,abbey1 :i* may be consid]$ z ! /&>d ( torr5t-draw+4 ,! *ief light ( ! picture "h falls ^u ! surface ( ! /ream1 swell$ by rec5t ra91 & its mighty waves come roll+ d[n close to ! spectator1 gre5 & cle>1 b pale ) ang]1 9 gigantic1 unbrok51 oceanic curves1 b5d+ into ea* o!r )\t break or foam1 ?\gh jets ( fi]y spray are ca/ into ! air along ! rocky %ore1 & rise 9 ! sun%9e 9 du/y vapor4 ,! :ole surface is "o unit$ race ( mad motion2 all ! waves dragg$1 z ,i h describ$1 into l9es & furr[s by _! swiftness1 & e "o ( ^! f9e =ms is drawn ) ! mo/ /udi$ *i>oscuro ( delicate color1 grays & gre5s1 z silv]y & pure z ! f9e/ passages ( ,paul ,v]onese1 & ) a ref9em5t ( execution :i* ! eye /ra9s itself 9 look+ into4 ,! rapidity & gigantic =ce ( ?is torr5t1 ! exquisite ref9em5t ( its color1 & ! vividness ( foam :i* is obta9$ ?r\gh a g5]al middle t9t1 r5d] x ab\t ! mo/ p]fect piece ( pa9t+ ( runn+ wat] 9 exi/5ce4 ,sec4 #bg4 ,& ( ! int]rupt$ torr5t 9 ! ,m]cury & ,argus4 ,n[ ?is picture is1 z 0 notic$ 9 our =m] ref]5ce to x1 full ( expression ( e k9d ( motion3 ! cl\ds are 9 wild ha/e2 ! sun is gleam+ fa/ & fitfully ?r\gh ! leaves2 ! ra9 drift+ away along ! hill-side2 & ! torr5t1 ! pr9cipal object1 to complete ! impression1 is made ! wilde/ ?+ ( all & n only wild be=e u1 & ) u1 b be>+ ) x 9 its e motion1 f its long c\rse1 ! record ( its rage4 ,obs]ve h[ diff]5tly ,turn] uses 8 torr5t :5 ! _s ( ! picture is repose4 ,9 ! ,m]cury & ,argus1 we h also a /ream 9 ! =egr\nd2 b1 9 com+ d[n to u1 we see x /opp+ twice 9 two quiet & glassy pools1 ^u :i* ! dr9k+ cattle ca/ an un/irr$ image4 ,f ! ne>e/ ( ^!1 ! wat] leaps 9 ?ree cascades into ano!r bas9 close to u2 x trickles 9 silv] ?reads ?r\gh ! leaves at its edge1 & falls t9kl+ & spla%+ 7?\gh 9 consid]able body7 into ! pool1 /irr+ its quiet surface1 at :i* a bird is /oop+ to dr9k1 ) conc5tric & curdl+ ripples :i* divide r\nd ! /one at its f>!/ bord]1 & desc5d 9 sp>kl+ foam ov] ! lip ( ! bas94 ,?us we f9d1 9 e case1 ! sy/em ( ,turn]'s tru? entirely unbrok51 ea* phase & ph5om5on ( nature be+ record$ exactly :]e x is mo/ valuable & impressive4 ,sec4 #bh4 ,v>i\s cases4 ,we h n1 h[ev]1 space to foll[ out ! v>iety ( 8 torr5t-draw+4 ,! above two examples are *>act]i/ic ( ! two great divisions or classes ( torr5ts--t ^: motion is cont9u\s1 & ^: motion is int]rupt$3 all draw+ ( runn+ wat] w resolve itself into ! repres5tation ( "o or o!r ( ^!4 ,! desc5t ( ! di/ant /ream 9 ! vignette to ! ,boy ( ,egremond is slight1 b v /rik+2 & ! ,junction ( ! ,greta & ,tees1 a s+ul> in/ance ( ! bold draw+ ( ! complicat$ =ms ( a %all[ /ream among multitud9\s rocks4 ,a /ill f9] example occurs 9 a rec5t draw+ ( ,dazio ,gr&e1 on ! ,/4 ,go?>d1 ! waves ( ! ,toccia1 cle> & blue1 frett+ among ! granite debris :i* 7 br\ght d[n by ! /orm t de/roy$ ! :ole road4 ,9 ! ,ivy bridge ! subject is ! re/ ( ! torr5t 9 a pool among fall5 rocks1 ! =ms ( ! /ones are se5 ?r\gh ! cle> br[n wat]1 & _! reflections m+le ) ^? ( ! foliage4 ,sec4 #bi4 ,sea pa9t+4 ,impossibility ( truly repres5t+ foam4 ,m det]m9$ ef=ts h at all p]iods be5 made 9 sea pa9t+ ?an 9 torr5t pa9t+1 yet less successful4 ,z above /at$1 x is easy to obta9 a resemblance ( brok5 runn+ wat] by tricks & dext]ities1 b ! sea mu/ be legitimately drawn2 x _c be giv5 z utt]ly disorganiz$ & confus$1 its weight & mass mu/ be express$1 & ! ef=ts at expression ( x end 9 failure ) all b ! mo/ p[]ful m52 ev5 ) ^! few a p>tial success mu/ be consid]$ wor?y ( ! highe/ praise4 ,z ! "r r5d]+ ( ! ,alps dep5ds on p[] ( draw+ sn[1 s ! "r pa9t+ ( ! sea mu/ dep5d1 at lea/ 9 all coa/ sc5]y1 9 no small measure on ! p[] ( draw+ foam4 ,yet !re are two conditions ( foam ( inv>iable occurr5ce on break+ waves1 ( :i* ,i h nev] se5 ! slighte/ record attempt$2 fir/ ! ?ick creamy curdl+ ov]lapp+ massy =m :i* rema9s = a mom5t only aft] ! fall ( ! wave1 & is se5 9 p]fection 9 its runn+ up ! bea*2 & secondly1 ! ?9 :ite coat+ into :i* ?is subsides1 :i* op5s into oval gaps & clefts1 m>bl+ ! waves ov] _! :ole surface1 & connect+ ! break]s on a flat %ore by long dragg+ /reams ( :ite4 ,x is evid5t t ! difficulty ( express+ ei!r ( ^! two conditions mu/ be imm5se4 ,! lapp+ & curdl+ =m is difficult en\gh to cat* ev5 :5 ! l9es ( its undulation alone are consid]$2 b ! lips1 s to speak1 :i* lie along ^! l9es1 are full1 project+1 & m>k$ by beautiful light & %ade2 ea* has its high light1 a gradation into %ad[ ( indescribable delicacy1 a bright reflect$ light & a d>k ca/ %ad[2 to draw all ?is requires labor1 & c>e1 & firmness ( "w1 :i*1 z ,i imag9e1 mu/ always1 h[ev] skilfully be/[$1 de/roy all impression ( wildness1 accid5talism1 & evanesc5ce1 & s kill ! sea4 ,aga91 ! op5+s 9 ! ?9 subsid$ foam 9 _! irregul> modifications ( circul> & oval %apes dragg$ hi!r & ?i!r1 w\ld be h>d en\gh to draw ev5 if !y c\ld be se5 on a flat surface2 in/ead ( :i*1 e "o ( ! op5+s is se5 9 undulation on a toss+ surface1 brok5 up ov] small surges & ripples1 & s ?r[n into p]spectives ( ! mo/ hopeless intricacy4 ,n[ x is n easy to express ! lie ( a patt]n ) oval op5+s on ! folds ( drap]y4 ,i d n "k t any "o "u ! m>k ( ,v]onese or ,titian c\ld ev5 d ?is z x ought to be done1 yet 9 drap]y mu* /iffness & error may be ov]look$2 n s 9 sea1--! slighte/ inaccuracy1 ! slighte/ want ( fl[ & fre$om 9 ! l9e1 is atta*$ by ! eye 9 a mom5t ( high treason1 & ,i believe success to be impossible4 ,yet !re is n a wave or any viol5tly agitat$ sea on :i* bo? ^! =ms d n appe>1 ! latt] especially1 aft] "s "t ( /orm1 ext5ds ov] _! :ole surfaces2 ! read] sees1 !re=e1 :y ,i said t sea c\ld only be pa9t$ by means ( m or less dext]\s conv5tionalisms1 s9ce two ( its mo/ endur+ ph5om5a _c be repres5t$ at all4 ,sec4 #cj4 ,"* ( %ore-break]s1 also inexpressible4 ,aga91 z respects ! =m ( break]s on an ev5 %ore1 !re is difficulty ( no less =midable k9d4 ,!re is 9 !m an irreconcilable mixture ( fury & =malism4 ,_! holl[ surface is m>k$ by p>allel l9es1 l ^? ( a smoo? mill-weir1 & graduat$ by reflect$ & transmitt$ lights ( ! mo/ wond]ful intricacy1 its curve be+ at ! same "t necess>ily ( ma!matical purity & precision2 yet at ! top ( ?is curve1 :5 x nods ov]1 !re is a sudd5 laxity & giv+ way1 ! wat] sw+s & jumps along ! ridge l a %ak5 *a91 & ! motion runs f "p to "p z x does ?r\gh a s]p5t's body4 ,!n ! w9d is at "w on ! extreme edge1 & in/ead ( lett+ x fl+ itself (f naturally1 x supports x1 &1 drives x back1 or scrapes x (f1 & c>ries x bodily away2 s t ! spray at ! top is 9 a cont9ual transition betwe5 =ms project$ by _! own weight1 & =ms bl[n & c>ri$ (f ) _! weight ov]come2 !n at la/1 :5 x has come d[n1 :o %all say :at %ape t may be call$1 :i* %ape has none ( ! great cra% :]e x t\*es ! bea*4 ,i ?9k x is t la/ cra% :i* is ! great taskma/]4 ,nobody c d any?+ ) x4 ,i h se5 ,copley ,field+ come v close to ! j]k & nod ( ! lift$ ?reat5+ edge1 curl x v successfully1 & )\t any look ( its hav+ be5 9 pap]s1 d[n ne>ly to ! bea*1 b ! f9al fall has no ?und] 9 x4 ,turn] has tri$ h>d = x once or twice1 b x w n d4 ,! mom5t is giv5 9 ! ,sidon ( ! ,bible ,illu/rations1 & m elaborately 9 a pa9t+ ( ,bambor\gh2 9 bo? ^! cases !re is little foam at ! bottom1 & ! fall5 break] looks l a wall1 yet gr& always2 & 9 ! latt] picture v beautifully assi/$ 9 expression by ! toss+ ( a piece ( cable1 :i* "s figures are dragg+ a%ore1 & :i* ! break] fl+s into ! air z x falls4 ,p]haps ! mo/ successful r5d]+ ( ! =ms 0 9 ! ,h]o & ,le&]1 b !re ! draw+ 0 r5d]$ easi] by ! p[]ful effect ( light :i* disguis$ ! foam4 ,sec4 #ca4 ,_! effect1 h[ injur$ :5 se5 f ! %ore4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 f ! %ore t ,turn] usually /udies 8 sea4 ,se5 f ! l&1 ! curl ( ! break]s1 ev5 9 nature1 is some:at uni=m & monoton\s2 ! size ( ! waves out at sea is uncompreh5d$1 & ^? ne>] ! eye seem to succe$ & resemble ea* o!r1 to move sl[ly to ! bea*1 & to break 9 ! same l9es & =ms4 ,afloat ev5 tw5ty y>ds f ! %ore1 we receive a totally diff]5t impression4 ,e wave ar\nd u appe>s va/--e "o diff]5t f all ! re/--& ! break]s pres5t1 n[ t we see !m ) _! backs t[>ds u1 ! gr&1 ext5d$1 & v>i$ l9es ( long curvature1 :i* are peculi>ly expressive bo? ( velocity & p[]4 ,recklessness1 be=e unfelt1 is manife/$ 9 ! mad1 p]petual1 *angeful1 undirect$ motion1 n ( wave aft] wave1 z x appe>s f ! %ore1 b ( ! v same wat] ris+ & fall+4 ,( waves t successively approa* & break1 ea* appe>s to ! m9d a sep>ate individual1 ^: "p be+ p]=m$1 x p]i%es1 & is succe$$ by ano!r2 & !re is no?+ 9 ?is to impress u ) ! idea ( re/lessness1 any m ?an 9 any successive & cont9u\s functions ( life & dea?4 ,b x is :5 we p]ceive t x is no succession ( wave1 b ! same wat] con/antly ris+1 & cra%+1 & recoil+1 & roll+ 9 aga9 9 new =ms & ) fre% fury1 t we p]ceive ! p]turb$ _s1 & feel ! int5sity ( its unwe>i$ rage4 ,! s5sation ( p[] is also trebl$2 = n only is ! va/ness ( app>5t size mu* increas$1 b ! :ole action is diff]5t2 x is n a passive wave roll+ sleepily =w>d until x tumbles heavily1 pro/rat$ ^u ! bea*1 b a sweep+ ex]tion ( trem5d\s & liv+ /r5g?1 :i* does n n[ appe> to fall1 b to bur/ ^u ! %ore2 :i* nev] p]i%es1 b recoils & recov]s4 ,sec4 #cb4 ,turn]'s expression ( heavy roll+ sea4 ,sec4 #cc4 ,) peculi> expression ( weight4 ,aim+ at ^! gr& *>act]s ( ! ,sea1 ,turn] almo/ always places ! spectator1 n on ! %ore1 b tw5ty or ?irty y>ds f x1 beyond ! fir/ range ( ! break]s1 z 9 ! ,l&'s ,end1 ,f[ey1 ,dunb>1 & ,laugh>ne4 ,! latt] has be5 well engrav$1 & may be tak5 z a /&>d ( ! expression ( fitfulness & p[]4 ,! gr& division ( ! :ole space ( ! sea by a few d>k cont9u\s furr[s ( trem5d\s swell1 7! break+ ( "o ( :i* alone has /rew$ ! rocks 9 front ) ru917 furni%es u ) an e/imate ( space & /r5g?1 :i* at once r$uces ! m5 ^u ! %ore to insects2 & yet ?r\gh ?is t]rific simplicity !re is indicat$ a fitfulness & fury 9 ! toss+ ( ! individual l9es1 :i* give to ! :ole sea a wild1 unwe>i$1 reckless incoh]5cy1 l t ( an enrag$ multitude1 ^: masses act toge!r 9 fr5zy1 :ile n "o individual feels z ano!r4 ,especial att5tion is to be direct$ to ! flatness ( all ! l9es1 = ! same pr9ciple holds 9 sea :i* we h se5 9 m\nta9s4 ,all ! size & sublimity ( nature are giv5 n by ! height1 b by ! bread? ( h] masses3 & ,turn]1 by foll[+ h] 9 h] sweep+ l9es1 :ile he does n lose ! elevation ( its surges1 adds 9 a t5fold degree to _! p[]3 f>!r1 obs]ve ! peculi> expression ( weight :i* !re is 9 ,turn]'s waves1 precisely ( ! same k9d :i* we saw 9 8 wat]fall4 ,we h n a cutt+1 spr++1 ela/ic l9e--no jump+ or leap+ 9 ! waves3 t is ! *>act]i/ic ( ,*elsea ,rea* or ,hamp/ead ,ponds 9 a /orm4 ,b ! surges roll & plunge ) su* pro/ration & hurl+ ( _! mass aga9/ ! %ore1 t we feel ! rocks are %ak+ "u !m2 &1 to add yet m to ?is impression1 obs]ve h[ little1 comp>atively1 !y are brok5 by ! w9d2 above ! float+ wood1 & along ! %ore1 we h indication ( a l9e ( torn spray2 b x is a m]e fr+e along ! ridge ( ! surge--no int]f]5ce ) its gigantic body4 ,! w9d has no p[] ov] its trem5d\s unity ( =ce & weight4 ,f9ally1 obs]ve h[1 on ! rocks on ! left1 ! viol5ce & swiftness ( ! ris+ wave are indicat$ by precisely ! same l9es :i* we saw 7 indicative ( fury 9 ! torr5t4 ,! wat] on ^! rocks is ! body ( ! wave :i* has j brok51 ru%+ up ov] !m2 & 9 do+ s1 l ! torr5t1 x does n break1 nor foam1 nor "p ^u ! rock1 b accommodates itself to e "o ( its swells & holl[s1 ) undulat+ l9es1 ^: grace & v>iety might alone s]ve u = a day's /udy2 & x is only :]e two /reams ( ?is ru%+ wat] meet 9 ! holl[ ( ! rock1 t _! =ce is %[n by ! v]tical b\nd ( ! spray4 ,illu/ration3 ,,port ,r,u,y,s,d,ae,l4 ,f a pa9t+ by ,turn]4 ,sec4 #cd4 ,peculi> action ( recoil+ waves4 ,sec4 #ce4 ,& ( ! /roke ( a break] on ! %ore4 ,sec4 #cf4 ,g5]al "* ( sea on a rocky coa/ giv5 by ,turn] 9 ! ,l&'s ,end4 ,9 ! di/ance ( ?is gr& picture1 !re are two waves :i* entirely dep>t f ! pr9ciple obs]v$ by all ! re/1 & spr+ high into ! air4 ,!y h a message = u :i* x is important t we %\ld und]/&4 ,_! leap is n a prep>ation = break+1 nei!r is x caus$ by _! meet+ ) a rock4 ,x is caus$ by _! enc\nt] ) ! recoil ( ! prec$+ wave4 ,:5 a l>ge surge1 9 ! act ( break+1 j z x curls ov]1 is hurl$ aga9/ ! face ei!r ( a wall or ( a v]tical rock1 ! s\nd ( ! bl[ is n a cra% nor a ro>2 x is a report z l\d z1 & 9 e respect simil> to1 t ( a great gun1 & ! wave is da%$ back f ! rock ) =ce sc>cely dim9i%$1 b rev]s$ 9 direction1--x n[ rec$es f ! %ore1 & at ! in/ant t x enc\nt]s ! foll[+ break]1 ! result is ! v]tical b\nd ( bo? :i* is "h r5d]$ by ,turn]4 ,su* a recoil+ wave w proce$ out to sea ?r\gh t5 or twelve ranges ( foll[+ break]s1 be=e x is ov]p[]$4 ,! effect ( ! enc\nt] is m completely & palpably giv5 9 ! ,quilleboeuf1 9 ! ,riv]s ( ,france4 ,x is peculi>ly in/ructive "h1 z in=m+ u ( ! nature ( ! coa/1 & ! =ce ( ! waves1 f> m cle>ly ?an any spray ab\t ! rocks !mselves c\ld h done4 ,b ! effect ( ! bl[ at ! %ore itself is giv5 9 ! ,l&'s ,end1 & vignette to ,lycidas4 ,"u favorable circum/ances1 ) an advanc+ tide "u a heavy gale1 :]e ! break]s feel ! %ore und]nea? !m a mom5t be=e !y t\* ! rock1 s z to nod ov] :5 !y /rike1 ! effect is ne>ly incr$ible except to an eyewitness4 ,i h se5 ! :ole body ( ! wave rise 9 "o :ite1 v]tical1 broad f\nta91 eighty feet above ! sea1 half ( x beat5 s f9e z to be borne away by ! w9d1 ! re/ turn+ 9 ! air :5 exhau/$1 & fall+ back ) a weight & cra% l t ( an enorm\s wat]fall4 ,?is is giv5 mo/ completely 9 ! ,lycidas1 & ! bl[ ( a less viol5t wave among brok5 rocks1 n meet+ x ) an absolute wall1 along ! %ore ( ! ,l&'s ,end4 ,?is la/ picture is a /udy ( sea ^: :ole organization has be5 brok5 up by con/ant recoils f a rocky coa/4 ,! ,laugh>ne gives ! surge & weight ( ! ocean 9 a gale1 on a comp>atively level %ore2 b ! ,l&'s ,end1 ! entire disord] ( ! surges :5 e "o ( !m1 divid$ & entangl$ among promontories z x rolls 91 & beat5 back "p by "p f walls ( rock on ?is side & t side1 recoils l ! defeat$ division ( a great army1 ?r[+ all beh9d x into disord]1 break+ up ! succe$+ waves into v]tical ridges1 :i* 9 _! turn1 yet m totally %att]$ ^u ! %ore1 retire 9 m hopeless confusion1 until ! :ole surface ( ! sea becomes "o dizzy :irl ( ru%+1 wri?+1 tortur$1 undirect$ rage1 b\nd+1 & cra%+1 & coil+ 9 an an>*y ( enorm\s p[]1 subdivid$ into myriads ( waves1 ( :i* e "o is n1 be x rememb]$1 a sep>ate surge1 b "p & portion ( a va/ "o1 actuat$ by int]nal p[]1 & giv+ 9 e direction ! mighty undulation ( impetu\s l9e :i* glides ov] ! rocks & wri!s 9 ! w9d1 ov]:elm+ ! "o1 & pi]c+ ! o!r ) ! =m1 fury1 & swiftness ( a %eet ( lamb5t fire4 ,& ?r\gh\t ! r5d]+ ( all ?is1 !re is n "o false curve giv51 n "o :i* is n ! p]fect expression ( visible motion2 & ! =ms ( ! inf9ite sea are drawn ?r\gh\t ) t utmo/ ma/]y ( art :i*1 ?r\gh ! deepe/ /udy ( e l9e1 makes e l9e appe> ! wilde/ *ild ( *ance1 :ile yet ea* is 9 itself a subject & a picture diff]5t f all else ar\nd4 ,( ! color ( ?is magnific5t sea ,i h be=e spok52 x is a solemn gre5 gray1 7) its foam se5 dimly ?r\gh ! d>kness ( twilight17 modulat$ ) ! fulness1 *angefulness1 & sadness ( a deep1 wild melody4 ,sec4 #cg4 ,op5 seas ( ,turn]'s e>li] times4 ,! great] numb] ( ,turn]'s pa9t+s ( op5 sea belong to a some:at e>li] p]iod ?an ^! draw+s2 nor1 g5]ally speak+1 are !y ( equal value4 ,x appe>s to me t ! arti/ _h at t "t ei!r less k (1 or less delight 91 ! *>act]i/ics ( deep wat] ?an ( coa/ sea1 & t1 9 consequ5ce1 he suff]$ himself to be influ5c$ by "s ( ! qualities ( ! ,dut* sea-pa9t]s4 ,9 p>ticul>1 he borr[$ f !m ! habit ( ca/+ a d>k %ad[ on ! ne> waves1 s z to br+ out a /ream ( light beh9d2 & ?\gh he did ?is 9 a m legitimate way ?an !y1 t is to say1 express+ ! light by t\*es on ! foam1 & indicat+ ! %ad[ z ca/ on foamy surface1 /ill ! habit has induc$ mu* feebl5ess & conv5tionality 9 ! pictures ( ! p]iod4 ,8 draw+ ( ! waves 0 also some:at petty & divid$1 small =ms cov]$ ) :ite flat spray1 a condition :i* ,i d\bt n ! arti/ has se5 on "s ( ! %all[ ,dut* seas1 b :i* ,i h nev] met ) myself1 & ( ! r5d]+ ( :i* !re=e ,i _c speak4 ,yet ev5 9 ^!1 :i* ,i ?9k among ! poore/ works ( ! pa9t]1 ! expressions ( breeze1 motion1 & light1 are v m>vell\s2 & x is in/ructive to comp>e !m ei!r ) ! lifeless works ( ! ,dut* !mselves1 or ) any mod]n imitations ( !m1 z = in/ance ) ! seas ( ,callcott1 :]e all ! light is :ite & all ! %ad[s gray1 :]e no di/9ction is made betwe5 wat] & foam1 or betwe5 real & reflective %ad[1 & :i* are g5]ally )\t evid5ce ( ! arti/s hav+ ev] se5 ! sea4 ,"s pictures1 h[ev]1 belong+ to ?is p]iod ( ,turn] are free f ! ,dut* infection1 & %[ ! real p[] ( ! arti/4 ,a v important "o is 9 ! possession ( ,"l ,francis ,eg]ton1 some:at heavy 9 its =ms1 b rem>kable = ! gr&eur ( di/ance obta9$ at ! horizon2 a mu* small]1 b m p[]ful example is ! ,port ,ruysdael 9 ! possession ( ,e4 ,bicknell1 ,esq41 ) :i* ,i "k ( no "w at all comp>able = ! expression ( ! :ite1 wild1 cold1 com=tless waves ( nor!rn sea1 ev5 ?\gh ! sea is almo/ subord9ate to ! awful roll+ cl\ds4 ,bo? ^! pictures are v gray4 ,! ,pas de ,calais has m color1 & %[s m art ?an ei!r1 yet is less impressive4 ,rec5tly1 two m>9es ( ! same subdu$ color h appe>$ 7#ahdc7 among 8 m radiant works4 ,"o1 ,o/5d1 some:at =c$ & affect$1 b ! o!r1 also call$ ,port ,ruysdael1 is among ! mo/ p]fect sea pictures he has produc$1 & especially rem>kable z be+ pa9t$ )\t "o m>k$ opposition ei!r ( color or ( %ade1 all quiet & simple ev5 to an extreme1 s t ! picture 0 exce$+ly unattractive at fir/ sight4 ,! %ad[ ( ! pi]-head on ! ne> waves is m>k$ solely by t\*es indicative ( reflect$ light1 & s my/]i\sly t :5 ! picture is se5 ne>1 x is q untraceable1 & comes into exi/5ce z ! spectator retires4 ,x is ?us ( peculi> tru? & value2 & in/ructive z a contra/ to ! d>k %ad[s ( 8 e>li] "t4 ,sec4 #ch4 ,effect ( sea aft] prolong$ /orm4 ,few p1 comp>atively1 h ev] se5 ! effect on ! sea ( a p[]ful gale cont9u$ )\t int]mission = ?ree or f\r days & nights1 & to ^? :o h n1 ,i believe x mu/ be unimag9able1 n f ! m]e =ce or size ( surge1 b f ! complete annihilation ( ! limit betwe5 sea & air4 ,! wat] f its prolong$ agitation is beat51 n into m]e cream+ foam1 b into masses ( accumulat$ yea/1#fh :i* hang 9 ropes & wrea?s f wave to wave1 & :]e "o curls ov] to break1 =m a fe/oon l a drap]y1 f its edge2 ^! are tak5 up by ! w9d1 n 9 dissipat+ du/1 b bodily1 9 wri?+1 hang+1 coil+ masses1 :i* make ! air :ite & ?ick z ) sn[1 only ! flakes are a foot or two long ea*2 ! surges !mselves are full ( foam 9 _! v bodies1 und]nea?1 mak+ !m :ite all ?r\gh1 z ! wat] is "u a great cat>act2 & _! masses1 be+ ?us half wat] & half air1 are torn to pieces by ! w9d :5ev] !y rise1 & c>ri$ away 9 ro>+ smoke1 :i* *okes & /rangles l actual wat]4 ,add to ?is1 t :5 ! air has be5 exhau/$ ( its moi/ure by long ra91 ! spray ( ! sea is caught by x z describ$ above1 7,section ,,iii4 ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,sec4 #ac17 & cov]s its surface n m]ely ) ! smoke ( f9ely divid$ wat]1 b ) boil+ mi/2 imag9e also ! l[ ra9-cl\ds br\ght d[n to ! v level ( ! sea1 z ,i h (t5 se5 !m1 :irl+ & fly+ 9 rags & fragm5ts f wave to wave2 & f9ally1 conceive ! surges !mselves 9 _! utmo/ pit* ( p[]1 velocity1 va/ness1 & madness1 lift+ !mselves 9 precipices & peaks1 furr[$ ) _! :irl ( asc5t1 ?r\gh all ?is *aos2 & y w und]/& t !re is inde$ no di/9ction left betwe5 ! sea & air2 t no object1 nor horizon1 nor any l&m>k or natural evid5ce ( position is left2 t ! heav5 is all spray1 & ! ocean all cl\d1 & t y c see no f>!r 9 any direction ?an y c\ld see ?r\gh a cat>act4 ,suppose ! effect ( ! fir/ sunbeam s5t f above to %[ ?is annihilation to itself1 & y h ! sea picture ( ! ,academy1 #ahdb--! ,sn[/orm1 "o ( ! v gr&e/ /atem5ts ( sea-motion1 mi/1 & light t has ev] be5 put on canvas1 ev5 by ,turn]4 ,( c\rse x 0 n und]/ood2 8 f9e/ works nev] are2 b !re 0 "s apology = ! public's n compreh5d+ ?is1 = few p h _h ! opportunity ( see+ ! sea at su* a "t1 & :5 !y h1 _c face x4 ,to hold by a ma/ or a rock1 & wat* x1 is a prolong$ endurance ( dr[n+ :i* few p h c\rage to g ?r\gh4 ,to ^? :o h1 x is "o ( ! noble/ lessons ( nature4 ,sec4 #ci4 ,turn]'s noble/ "w1 ! deep op5 sea 9 ! ,slave ,%ip4 ,b1 ,i ?9k1 ! noble/ sea t ,turn] has ev] pa9t$1 &1 if s1 ! noble/ c]ta9ly ev] pa9t$ by man1 is t ( ! ,slave ,%ip1 ! *ief ,academy picture ( ! ,exhibition ( #ahdj4 ,x is a sunset on ! ,atlantic aft] prolong$ /orm2 b ! /orm is p>tially lull$1 & ! torn & /ream+ ra9-cl\ds are mov+ 9 sc>let l9es to lose !mselves 9 ! holl[ ( ! night4 ,! :ole surface ( sea includ$ 9 ! picture is divid$ into two ridges ( enorm\s swell1 n high1 nor local1 b a l[1 broad heav+ ( ! :ole ocean1 l ! lift+ ( its bosom by deep-drawn brea? aft] ! torture ( ! /orm4 ,betwe5 ^! two ridges1 ! fire ( ! sunset falls along ! tr\gh ( ! sea1 dye+ x ) an awful b glori\s light1 ! int5se & lurid spl5dor :i* burns l gold & ba!s l blood4 ,along ?is fi]y pa? & valley1 ! toss+ waves by :i* ! swell ( ! sea is re/lessly divid$1 lift !mselves 9 d>k1 indef9ite1 fanta/ic =ms1 ea* ca/+ a fa9t & gha/ly %ad[ beh9d x along ! illum9$ foam4 ,!y d n rise ev]y:]e1 b ?ree or f\r toge!r 9 wild gr\ps1 fitfully & furi\sly1 z ! "u /r5g? ( ! swell compels or p]mits !m2 leav+ betwe5 !m trea*]\s spaces ( level & :irl+ wat]1 n[ light$ ) gre5 & lamp-l fire1 n[ fla%+ back ! gold ( ! decl9+ sun1 n[ fe>fully dy$ f above ) ! indi/+ui%able images ( ! burn+ cl\ds1 :i* fall ^u !m 9 flakes ( crimson & sc>let1 & give to ! reckless waves ! add$ motion ( _! own fi]y fly+4 ,purple & blue1 ! lurid %ad[s ( ! holl[ break]s are ca/ ^u ! mi/ ( ! night1 :i* ga!rs cold & l[1 advanc+ l ! %ad[ ( dea? ^u ! guilty#fi %ip z x labors amid/ ! lightn+ ( ! sea1 its ?9 ma/s writt5 ^u ! sky 9 l9es ( blood1 gird$ ) condemnation 9 t fe>ful hue :i* signs ! sky ) horror1 & mixes its flam+ flood ) ! sunlight1--& ca/ f> along ! desolate heave ( ! sepul*ral waves1 inc>nad9es ! multitud9\s sea4 ,sec4 #dj4 ,its unit$ excell5ces & p]fection z a :ole4 ,i believe1 if ,i 7 r$uc$ to re/ ,turn]'s immortality ^u any s+le "w1 ,i %\ld *oose ?is4 ,its d>+ conception--ideal 9 ! highe/ s5se ( ! ^w--is bas$ on ! pure/ tru?1 & wr\ght out ) ! conc5trat$ k ( a life2 its color is absolutely p]fect1 n "o false or morbid hue 9 any "p or l9e1 & s modulat$ t e squ>e in* ( canvas is a p]fect composition2 its draw+ z accurate z fe>less2 ! %ip buoyant1 b5d+1 & full ( motion2 its tones z true z !y are wond]ful2#gj & ! :ole picture d$icat$ to ! mo/ sublime ( subjects & impressions--7complet+ ?us ! p]fect sy/em ( all tru?1 :i* we h %[n to be =m$ by ,turn]'s works7--! p[]1 maje/y1 & dea?fulness ( ! op51 deep1 illimitable ,sea4 ,,footnotes #ff ,n altoge!r4 ,i believe "h1 z 9 a =m] case1 ,i h attribut$ f> too mu* influ5ce to ?is *ange ( focus4 ,9 ,turn]'s e>li] works ! pr9ciple is n f\nd4 ,9 ! riv]s ( ! ,york%ire draw+s1 e reflection is giv5 cle>ly1 ev5 to ! f>!/ dep?1 & yet ! surface is n lo/1 & x w\ld deprive ! pa9t] ( mu* p[] if he 7 n sometimes s to repres5t !m1 especially :5 8 object is repose2 x be+1 ( c\rse1 z lawful = him to *oose "o adaptation ( ! sight z ano!r4 ,i h1 h[ev]1 left ! above p>agraphs z fir/ writt51 because !y are true1 al?\gh ,i ?9k !y make too mu* ( an unimportant matt]4 ,! read] may attribute to !m su* weight z he ?9ks fit4 ,he is ref]r$ to ,sec4 #aa ( ?is *apt]1 & to ,sec4 #d ( ! fir/ *apt] ( ?is section4 #fg ,on a l>ge scale x is s1 b ! same l9es are to be se5 = ! mom5t :5ev] wat] becomes exce$+ly rapid1 & yet feels ! bottom z x passes1 be+ n ?r[n up or ca/ cle> ( x4 ,9 g5]al1 ! draw+ ( wat] fails f be+ too int]rupt$1 ! =ms flung hi!r & ?i!r1 & brok5 up & cov]$ ) bright t\*es1 in/ead ( be+ wr\ght out 9 _! real unities ( curvature4 ,x is difficult en\gh to draw a curv$ surface1 ev5 :5 x is r\gh & has texture2 b to indicate ! v>i$ & sweep+ =ms ( a cry/all9e & poli%$ sub/ance1 requires f> m skill & pati5ce ?an mo/ arti/s possess4 ,9 "s respects1 x is impossible4 ,i d n suppose any means ( art are capable ( rightly express+ ! smoo?1 multitud9\s rippl+ ( a rapid rivulet ( %all[ wat]1 giv+ its transp>5cy lu/re & fully-develop$ =ms2 & ! great] numb] ( ! l9es & actions ( torr5t-waves are equally inexpressible4 ,! ef=t %\ld1 nev]!less1 always be made1 & :atev] is sacrific$ 9 color1 fre$om1 or brightness1 ! real cont\rs ought always 9 "s measure to be drawn1 z a c>eful draughtsman secures ^? ( fle%1 or any o!r f9ely-modell$ surface4 ,x is bett]1 9 _m respects1 ! draw+ %\ld miss ( be+ l wat]1 ?an t x %\ld miss 9 ?is "o respect ! gr&eur ( wat]4 ,_m tricks ( scrat*+ & da%+ w br+ out a deceptive resemblance2 ! det]m9$ & labori\s r5d]+ ( cont\r alone secures sublimity4 #fh ,! ye/y waves ( ,%akspe>e h made ! lik5ess famili>1 & probably mo/ read]s take ! expression z m]ely equival5t to foamy2 b ,%akspe>e knew bett]4 ,sea-foam does n1 "u ord9>y circum/ances1 la/ a mom5t aft] x is =m$1 b disappe>s1 z above describ$1 9 a m]e :ite film4 ,b ! foam ( a prolong$ tempe/ is altoge!r diff]5t2 x is :ipp$ foam1--?ick1 p]man5t1 &1 9 a f\l or discolor$ sea1 v ugly1 especially 9 ! way x hangs ab\t ! tops ( ! waves1 & ga!rs into clott$ concretions be=e ! driv+ w9d4 ,! sea looks truly work+ or f]m5t+4 ,! foll[+ passage f ,f5imore ,coop] is an int]e/+ confirmation ( ! re/ ( ! above description1 :i* may be dep5d$ ^u z entirely free f exagg]ation3--,= ! fir/ "t ,i n[ witness$ a tempe/ at sea4 ,gales1 & pretty h>d ones1 ,i _h (t5 se51 b ! =ce ( ! w9d on ?is occasion z mu* exce$$ t 9 ord9>y gales ( w9d1 z ! =ce ( ^! _h exce$$ t ( a :ole-sail breeze4 ,! seas seem$ cru%$2 ! pressure ( ! swoop+ atmosph]e1 z ! curr5ts ( ! air w5t h[l+ ov] ! surface ( ! ocean1 fairly prev5t+ !m f ris+2 or :]e a m\nd ( wat] did appe>1 x 0 scoop$ up & borne (f 9 spray1 z ! axe dubs inequalities f ! log4 ,:5 ! day return$1 a species ( lurid1 sombre light 0 diffus$ ov] ! wat]y wa/e1 ?\gh no?+ 0 visible b ! ocean & ! %ip4 ,ev5 ! sea-birds seem$ to h tak5 refuge 9 ! cav]ns ( ! adjac5t coa/1 none reappe>+ ) ! dawn4 ,! air 0 full ( spray1 & x 0 ) difficulty t ! eye c\ld p5etrate z f> into ! humid atmosph]e z half a mile1--,miles ,watt+=d4 ,half a mile is an ov]-e/imate 9 coa/4 #fi ,%e is a slav]1 ?r[+ h] slaves ov]bo>d4 ,! ne> sea is encumb]$ ) corpses4 #gj ,!re is a piece ( tone ( ! same k9d1 equal 9 "o "p1 b n s unit$ ) ! re/ ( ! picture1 9 ! /orm sc5e illu/rative ( ! ,antiqu>y1--a sunset light on poli%$ sea4 ,i ought to h p>ticul>ly m5tion$ ! sea 9 ! ,l[e/(fe1 z a piece ( ! cutt+ motion ( %all[ wat]1 "u /orm1 altoge!r 9 gray1 :i* %\ld be especially contra/$1 z a piece ( color1 ) ! grays ( ,v&evelde4 ,& ! sea 9 ! ,great ,y>m\? %\ld h be5 notic$ = its expression ( wat] 9 viol5t agitation1 se5 9 enorm\s ext5t f a great elevation4 ,!re is almo/ e =m ( sea 9 x1--roll+ waves da%+ on ! pi]--successive break]s roll+ to ! %ore--a va/ horizon ( multitud9\s waves--& w9d+ canals ( calm wat] along ! s&s1 br++ fragm5ts ( bright sky d[n into _! yell[ wa/e4 ,!re is h>dly "o ( ! views ( ! ,s\!rn ,coa/ :i* does n give "s new condition or circum/ance ( sea4 ,,section ,,vi4 ,,( ,,tru? ,,( ,,vegetation4--,,conclusion4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,( ,,tru? ,,( ,,vegetation4 ,sec4 #a4 ,frequ5t occurr5ce ( foliage 9 ! works ( ! old ma/]s4 ,we h n[ arriv$ at ! consid]ation ( :at 01 ) ! old ma/]s1 ! subject ( mo/ s]i\s & p]petual /udy4 ,if !y d n give u tru? "h1 !y _c h ! faculty ( tru? 9 !m2 = foliage is ! *ief compon5t "p ( all _! pictures1 & is f9i%$ by !m ) a c>e & labor :i*1 if be/[$ )\t atta9+ tru?1 mu/ prove ei!r _! total bluntness ( p]ception1 or total p[]lessness ( h&4 ,) ! ,italian s*ool ,i c sc>cely recollect a s+le in/ance 9 :i* foliage does n =m ! great] "p ( ! picture2 9 fact1 !y are r pa9t]s ( tree-portrait ?an l&scape pa9t]s2 = rocks1 & sky1 & ar*itecture are usually m]e accessories & backgr\nds to ! d>k masses ( labori\s foliage1 ( :i* ! composition pr9cipally consi/s4 ,yet we %all be less deta9$ by ! exam9ation ( foliage ?an by our =m] subjects2 s9ce :]e specific =m is organiz$ & complete1 & ! occurr5ce ( ! object univ]sal1 x is easy1 )\t requir+ any labori\s att5tion 9 ! read]1 to demon/rate to him q z mu* ( ! tru? or falsehood ( v>i\s repres5tations ( x1 z may s]ve to det]m9e ! "* & rank ( ! pa9t]4 ,sec4 #b4 ,laws common to all =e/ trees4 ,_! bran*es d n tap]1 b only divide4 ,x w be be/ to beg9 z nature does1 ) ! /ems & bran*es1 & !n to put ! leaves on4 ,& 9 speak+ ( trees g5]ally1 be x obs]v$1 :5 ,i say all trees1 ,i mean only ^? ord9>y =e/ or copse trees ( ,europe1 :i* are ! *ief subjects ( ! l&scape pa9t]4 ,i d n mean to include e k9d ( foliage :i* by any accid5t c f9d its way into a picture1 b ! ord9>y trees ( ,europe1--oak1 elm1 a%1 hazel1 will[1 bir*1 bee*1 popl>1 *e/nut1 p9e1 mulb]ry1 olive1 ilex1 c>ubbe1 & su* o!rs4 ,i d n purpose to exam9e ! *>act]i/ics ( ea* tree2 x w be en\gh to obs]ve ! laws common to all4 ,fir/1 !n1 nei!r ! /ems nor ! b\ghs ( any ( ! above trees tap]1 except :]e !y =k4 ,:]ev] a /em s5ds (f a bran*1 or a bran* a less] b\gh1 or a less] b\gh a bud1 ! /em or ! bran* is1 on ! in/ant1 less 9 diamet] by ! exact quantity ( ! bran* or ! b\gh !y h s5t (f1 & !y rema9 ( ! same diamet]2 or if !re be any *ange1 r increase ?an dim9i% until !y s5d (f ano!r bran* or b\gh4 ,?is law is imp]ative & )\t exception2 no b\gh1 nor /em1 nor twig1 ev] tap]+ or becom+ n>r[] t[>ds its extremity by a hairbread?1 save :]e x p>ts ) "s portion ( its sub/ance at a =k or bud1 s t if all ! twigs & sprays at ! top & sides ( ! tree1 :i* are1 & h be51 c\ld be unit$ )\t loss ( space1 !y w\ld =m a r\nd log ( ! diamet] ( ! trunk f :i* !y spr+4 ,sec4 #c4 ,appe>ance ( tap]+ caus$ by frequ5t buds4 ,b z ! trunks ( mo/ trees s5d (f twigs & sprays ( light "u foliage1 ( :i* e individual fibre takes precisely its own ?ickness ( wood f ! p>5t /em1 & z _m ( ^! drop (f1 leav+ no?+ b a small excresc5ce to record _! exi/5ce1 !re is frequ5tly a slight & delicate appe>ance ( tap]+ be/[$ on ! trunk itself2 :ile ! same op]ation takes place mu* m ext5sively 9 ! bran*es1 x be+ natural to almo/ all trees to s5d out f _! "y limbs m wood ?an !y c support1 :i*1 z ! /em increases1 gets contract$ at ! po9t ( ins]tion1 s z to *eck ! fl[ ( ! sap1 & !n dies & drops (f1 leav+ all along ! b\gh1 fir/ on "o side1 !n on ano!r1 a s]ies ( small excresc5ces1 suffici5t to acc\nt = a degree ( tap]+1 :i* is yet s v slight1 t if we select a portion ( a bran* ) no real =k or liv+ b\gh to divide x or dim9i% x1 ! tap]+ is sc>cely to be detect$ by ! eye2 & if we select a portion )\t su* evid5ces ( pa/ ramification1 !re w be f\nd none :atsoev]4 ,sec4 #d4 ,& c>e ( nature to conceal ! p>allelism4 ,b nature takes great c>e & pa9s to conceal ?is uni=mity 9 h] b\ghs4 ,!y are p]petually p>t+ ) little sprays "h & !re1 :i* /eal away _! sub/ance cauti\sly1 & :]e ! eye does n p]ceive ! !ft1 until1 a little way above1 x feels ! loss2 & 9 ! upp] p>ts ( ! tree1 ! ramifications take place s con/antly & delicately1 t ! effect ^u ! eye is precisely ! same z if ! b\ghs actually tap]$1 except "h & !re1 :]e "s av>ici\s "o1 gre$y ( sub/ance1 runs on = two or ?ree y>ds )\t p>t+ ) any?+1 & becomes ungraceful 9 s do+4 ,sec4 #e4 ,! degree ( tap]+ :i* may be repres5t$ z cont9u\s4 ,h5ce we see t al?\gh b\ghs may1 & mu/ be repres5t$ z actually tap]+1 !y mu/ only be s :5 !y are s5d+ (f foliage & sprays1 & :5 !y are at su* a di/ance t ! p>ticul> =ks & divisions _c be evid5t to ! eye2 & f>!r1 ev5 9 su* circum/ances ! tap]+ nev] c be sudd5 or rapid4 ,no b\gh ev]1 ) appe>ance ( smoo? tap]+1 loses m ?an "o t5? ( its diamet] 9 a l5g? ( t5 diamet]s4 ,any great] dim9ution ?an ?is mu/ be acc\nt$ = by visible ramification1 & mu/ take place by /eps1 at ea* =k4 ,sec4 #f4 ,! trees ( ,gasp> ,p\ss92 ,& !re=e we see at once t ! /em ( ,gasp> ,p\ss9's tall tree1 on ! "r ( ! ,la ,riccia1 9 ! ,national ,gall]y1 is a pa9t+ ( a c>rot or a p>snip1 n ( ! trunk ( a tree4 ,=1 be+ s ne> t e individual leaf is visible1 we %\ld n h se51 9 nature1 "o bran* or /em actually tap]+4 ,we %\ld h receiv$ an impression ( graceful dim9ution2 b we %\ld h be5 able1 on exam9ation1 to trace x jo9t by jo9t1 =k by =k1 into ! ?\s& m9or supports ( ! leaves4 ,gasp> ,p\ss9's /em1 on ! contr>y1 only s5ds (f f\r or five m9or bran*es altoge!r1 & bo? x & !y tap] viol5tly1 & )\t %[+ :y or :]e=e--)\t p>t+ ) a s+le twig--)\t %[+ "o ve/ige ( r\ghness or excresc5ce--& leav+1 !re=e1 _! un=tunate leaves to hold on z be/ !y may4 ,! latt]1 h[ev]1 are clev] leaves1 & support !mselves z sw>m+ bees d1 hang+ on by ea* o!r4 ,sec4 #g4 ,& ( ! ,italian s*ool g5]ally1 defy ?is law4 ,b ev5 ?is piece ( "w is a je/ to ! p]petration ( ! b\gh at ! left-h& upp] corn] ( ! picture opposite to x1--! ,view ne> ,albano4 ,?is latt] is a repres5tation ( an ornam5tal gr\p ( elephants' tusks1 ) fea!rs ti$ to ! ends ( !m4 ,n ! wilde/ imag9ation c\ld ev] conjure up 9 x ! remote/ resemblance to ! b\gh ( a tree4 ,x might be ! claws ( a wit*--! talons ( an eagle--! horns ( a fi5d2 b x is a full assemblage ( e conceivable falsehood :i* c be told respect+ foliage--a piece ( "w s b>b>\s 9 e way1 t "o glance at x ought to prove ! complete *>latanism & trick]y ( ! :ole sy/em ( ! old l&scape pa9t]s4 ,= ,i w dep>t = once f my usual plan1 ( ab/a9+ f all ass]tion ( a ?+'s be+ beautiful or o!rwise2 ,i w say "h1 at once1 t su* draw+ z ?is is z ugly z x is *ildi%1 & z pa9ful z x is false2 & t ! man :o c\ld tol]ate1 mu* m1 :o c\ld delib]ately set d[n su* a ?+ on 8 canvas1 _h nei!r eye nor feel+ = "o s+le attribute or excell5ce ( ,god's works4 ,he might h drawn ! o!r /em 9 excusable ignorance1 or "u "s false impression ( be+ able to improve ^u nature2 b ?is is conclusive & unp>donable4 ,aga91 take ! /em ( ! *ief tree 9 ,claude's ,n>cissus4 ,x is a v fai?ful portrait ( a l>ge boa-con/rictor1 ) a h&some tail2 ! k9d ( trunk :i* "y ladies at fa%ionable bo>d+-s*ools repres5t ) nosegays at ! top ( !m1 by way ( =e/ sc5]y4 ,sec4 #h4 ,! tru?1 z x is giv5 by ,j4 ,d4 ,h>d+4 ,let u refre% ourselves = a mom5t1 by look+ at ! tru?4 ,we ne$ n g to ,turn]1 we w g to ! man :o1 next to him1 is unque/ionably ! greate/ ma/] ( foliage 9 ,europe--,j4 ,d4 ,h>d+4 ,take ! trunk ( ! l>ge/ /one-p9e1 ,plate #be1 9 ! ,p>k & ! ,=e/4 ,= ! fir/ n9e or t5 feet f ! gr\nd x does n lose "o hairbread? ( its diamet]4 ,b ! %oot1 brok5 (f j "u ! cross+ "p ( ! di/ant tree1 is foll[$ by an in/ant dim9ution ( ! trunk1 p]fectly appreciable bo? by ! eye & ! compasses4 ,aga91 ! /em ma9ta9s undim9i%$ ?ickness1 up to ! two %oots on ! left1 f ! loss ( :i* x suff]s aga9 p]ceptibly4 ,on ! "r1 imm$iately above1 is ! /ump ( a v l>ge b\gh1 ^: loss r$uces ! trunk sudd5ly to ab\t two-?irds ( :at x 0 at ! root4 ,dim9i%$ aga91 less consid]ably1 by ! m9or bran* close to ?is /ump1 x n[ reta9s its diamet] up to ! ?ree bran*es1 brok5 (f j "u ! head1 :]e x once m loses 9 diamet]1 & f9ally bran*es into ! multitude ( head-b\ghs1 ( :i* n "o w be f\nd tap]+ 9 any "p1 b los+ !mselves gradually by division among _! (f%oots & spray4 ,?is is nature1 & beauty too4 ,sec4 #i4 ,b\ghs1 9 consequ5ce ( ?is law1 mu/ dim9i% :]e !y divide4 ,^? ( ! old ma/]s (t5 d n4 ,b ! old ma/]s are n satisfi$ ) draw+ c>rots = b\ghs4 ,nature c be violat$ 9 m ways ?an "o1 & ! indu/ry ) :i* !y seek out & adopt e conceivable mode ( contradict+ h] is matt] ( no small int]e/4 ,x is evid5t1 f :at we h above /at$ ( ! /ructure ( all trees1 t z no b\ghs dim9i% :]e !y d n =k1 s !y _c =k )\t dim9i%+4 ,x is impossible t ! smalle/ %oot c be s5t out ( a b\gh )\t a dim9ution ( ! diamet] above x2 & :]ev] a bran* goes (f x mu/ n only be less 9 diamet] ?an ! b\gh f :i* x spr+s1 b ! b\gh beyond ! =k mu/ be less by precisely ! quantity ( ! bran* x has s5t (f4#ga ,n[ obs]ve ! b\gh und]nea? ! fir/ b5d ( ! great /em 9 ,claude's ,n>cissus2 x s5ds (f f\r bran*es l ! ribs ( a leaf4 ,! two l[e/ ( ^! are bo? q z ?ick z ! p>5t /em1 & ! /em itself is mu* ?ick] aft] x has s5t (f ! fir/ "o ?an x 0 be=e4 ,! top b\ghs ( ! c5tral tree1 9 ! ,m>riage ( ,isaac & ,rebecca1 ramify 9 ! same sci5tific way4 ,sec4 #aj4 ,b\ghs mu/ multiply z !y dim9i%4 ,^? ( ! old ma/]s d n4 ,sec4 #aa4 ,b\gh-draw+ ( ,salvator4 ,b !re are fur!r conclusions to be drawn f ?is great pr9ciple 9 trees4 ,z !y only dim9i% :]e !y divide1 _! increase ( numb] is 9 precise proportion to _! dim9ution ( size1 s t :5ev] we come to ! extremities ( b\ghs1 we mu/ h a multitude ( sprays suffici5t to make up1 if !y 7 unit$1 ! bulk ( t f :i* !y spr+4 ,:]e a b\gh divides into two equal ramifications1 ! diamet] ( ea* ( ! two is ab\t two-?irds t ( ! s+le "o1 & ! sum ( _! diamet]s1 !re=e1 "o-f\r? great] ?an ! diamet] ( ! s+le "o4 ,h5ce1 if no b\ghs di$ or 7 lo/1 ! quantity ( wood 9 ! sprays w\ld appe> "o-f\r? great] ?an w\ld be necess>y to make up ! ?ickness ( ! trunk4 ,b ! lo/ b\ghs remove ! excess1 & !re=e1 speak+ broadly1 ! diamet]s ( ! out] b\ghs put toge!r w\ld g5]ally j make up ! diamet] ( ! trunk4 ,precision 9 repres5t+ ?is is nei!r desirable nor possible4 ,all t is requir$ is j s mu* obs]vance ( ! g5]al pr9ciple z may make ! eye feel satisfi$ t !re is some?+ l ! same quantity ( wood 9 ! sprays :i* !re is 9 ! /em4 ,b to d ?is1 !re mu/ be1 :at !re always is 9 nature1 an exce$+ complexity ( ! out] sprays4 ,?is complexity gradually increases t[>ds _! extremities1 ( c\rse exactly 9 proportion to ! sl5d]ness ( ! twigs4 ,! sl5d]] !y become1 ! m !re are ( !m1 until at la/1 at ! extremities ( ! tree1 !y =m a mass ( intricacy1 :i* 9 w9t]1 :5 x c be se51 is sc>cely di/+ui%able f f9e h]bage1 & is beyond all p[] ( def9ite repres5tation2 x c only be express$ by a mass ( involv$ /rokes4 ,also1 z !y %oot out 9 e direction1 "s are ne>]1 "s m di/ant2 "s di/9ct1 "s fa9t2 & _! int]sections & relations ( di/ance are m>k$ ) ! mo/ exquisite gradations ( a]ial p]spective4 ,n[ x w be f\nd univ]sally 9 ! works ( ,claude1 ,gasp>1 & ,salvator1 t ! b\ghs d n get 9 ! lea/ complex or multipli$ t[>ds ! extremities--t ea* l>ge limb =ks only into two or ?ree small] ones1 ea* ( :i* vani%es into ! air )\t any cause or reason = su* unacc\ntable conduct--unless t ! mass ( leaves transfix$ ^u x or ti$ to x1 entirely dep5d5t on its s+le /r5g?1 h be5 too mu*1 z well !y may be1 = its p[]s ( solit>y endurance4 ,?is total ignorance ( tree /ructure is %[n ?r\gh\t _! works4 ,! ,s9on be=e ,priam is an in/ance ( x 9 a really f9e "w ( ,claude's1 b ! mo/ gross examples are 9 ! works ( ,salvator4 ,x appe>s t ?is latt] arti/ 0 h>dly 9 ! habit ( /udy+ f nature at all aft] 8 boyi% ramble among ! ,calabrian hills2 & ,i d n recollect any in/ance ( a piece ( 8 b\gh-draw+ :i* is n palpably & demon/rably a made-up phantasm ( ! /udio1 ! pro( d]ivable f ?is illegitimate tap]+ be+ "o ( ! mo/ conv9c+4 ,! pa9t] is always visibly emb>rass$ to r$uce ! ?ick b\ghs to spray1 & feel+ 7= ,salvator naturally _h acute feel+ = tru?7 t ! b\gh 0 wrong :5 x tap]$ sudd5ly1 he accompli%es its dim9ution by an impossible protraction2 ?r[+ out %oot aft] %oot until 8 bran*es /raggle all across ! picture1 & at la/ disappe> unwill+ly :]e !re is no room = !m to /ret* any f>!r4 ,! consequ5ce is1 t :atev] leaves are put ^u su* b\ghs h evid5tly no adequate support1 _! p[] ( lev]age is en\gh to uproot ! tree2 or if ! b\ghs are left b>e1 !y h ! look ( ! long t5tacula ( "s complicat$ m>9e mon/]1 or ( ! wav+ endless ?reads ( bun*y sea-we$1 in/ead ( ! firm1 uphold+1 brac$1 & b5d+ grace ( natural b\ghs4 ,i grant t ?is is 9 a measure done by ,salvator f a love ( gha/l9ess1 & t 9 c]ta9 sc5es x is 9 a sort all[able2 b x is 9 a f> great] degree done f pure ignorance ( tree /ructure1 z is suffici5tly prov$ by ! l&scape ( ! ,pitti palace1 ,peace burn+ ! arms ( ,w>2 :]e ! _s ( ! sc5e is int5d$ to be q o!r ?an gha/ly1 & yet ! tree bran*es %[ ! usual errors 9 an extraord9>y degree2 e "o ( _! arrangem5ts is impossible1 & ! trunk ( ! tree c\ld n = a mom5t support ! foliage x is load$ )4 ,s also 9 ! pictures ( ! ,guadagni palace4 ,& ev5 :]e ! skeleton look ( bran*es is ju/ifiable or desirable1 !re is no occasion = any violation ( natural laws4 ,i h se5 m spectral "* 9 ! real limbs ( a bla/$ oak1 ?an ev] 9 ,salvator's be/ mon/rosities2 m horror is to be obta9$ by "r comb9ation ( inv5tive l9e1 ?an by draw+ tree bran*es z if !y 7 w+-bones ( a pt]odactyle4 ,all dep>ture f natural =ms to give fe>fulness is m]e ,g]manism2 x is ! "w ( fancy1 n ( imag9ation1#gb & in/antly degrades :atev] x affects to ?ird-rate level4 ,!re is no?+ m m>k$ 9 truly great m51 ?an _! p[] ( be+ dreadful )\t be+ false or lic5ti\s4 ,9 ,t9toret's ,murd] ( ,abel1 ! head ( ! sacrific$ fir/l+ lies 9 ! corn] ( ! =egr\nd1 obscurely sket*$ 91 & ) ! light gleam+ ^u its glaz$ eyes4 ,!re is no?+ exagg]at$ ab\t ! head1 b !re is m horror got out ( x1 & m ( dea? sugge/$ by its treatm5t1 ?an if he _h turn$ all ! trees ( 8 picture into skeletons1 & rais$ a ho/ ( demons to drive ! club4 ,sec4 #ab4 ,all ^! errors especially %[n 9 ,claude's sket*es & conc5trat$ 9 a "w ( ,g4 ,p\ss9's4 ,sec4 #ac4 ,impossibility ( ! angles ( b\ghs be+ tak5 out ( !m by w9d4 ,x is curi\s t 9 ,salvator's sket*es or et*+s !re is less t is wrong ?an 9 8 pa9t+s1--!re seems a fre%] remembrance ( nature ab\t !m4 ,n s ) ,claude4 ,x is only by look+ ov] 8 sket*es1 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 t a complete & j idea is to be =m$ ( 8 capacities ( error2 = ! feel+ & arrangem5t ( _m ( !m are ^? ( an advanc$ age1 s t we c sc>cely set !m d[n = :at !y resemble--! "w ( a boy t5 ye>s old2 & ! draw+ be+ se5 )\t any aids ( tone or color to set x (f1 %[s 9 its nak$ falsehood4 ,! w9dy l&scape ( ,p\ss91 opposite ! ,dido & ,a5eas1 9 ! ,national ,gall]y1 pres5ts u1 9 ! =egr\nd tree1 ) a piece ( atrocity :i* ,i ?9k1 to any p]son :o c&idly consid]s x1 may save me all f>!r tr\ble ( demon/rat+ ! errors ( anci5t art4 ,i d n 9 ! lea/ suspect ! picture3 ! tones ( x1 & mu* ( ! h&l+1 are ma/]ly2 yet t =egr\nd tree comprises e conceivable violation ( tru? :i* ! human h& c commit1 or head inv5t1 9 draw+ a tree--except only1 t x is n drawn root upp]mo/4 ,x has no b>k1 no r\ghness nor "* ( /em2 its b\ghs d n gr[ out ( ea* o!r1 b are /uck into ea* o!r2 !y ramify )\t dim9i%+1 dim9i% )\t ramify+1 are t]m9at$ by no complicat$ sprays1 h _! leaves ti$ to _! ends1 l ! heads ( ,dut* brooms2 & f9ally1 & *iefly1 !y are evid5tly n made ( wood1 b ( "s s(t ela/ic sub/ance1 :i* ! w9d c /ret* out z x pleases1 = !re is n a ve/ige ( an angle 9 any "o ( !m4 ,n[1 ! fi]ce/ w9d t ev] blew ^u ! e>?1 c\ld n take ! angles out ( ! b\gh ( a tree an in* ?ick4 ,! :ole b\gh b5ds toge!r1 reta9+ its elb[s1 & angles1 & natural =m1 b affect$ ?r\gh\t ) curvature 9 ea* ( its p>ts & jo9ts4 ,t "p ( x :i* 0 be=e p]p5dicul> be+ b5t aside1 & t :i* 0 be=e slop+1 be+ b5t into /ill great] incl9ation1 ! angle at :i* ! two p>ts meet rema9s ! same2 or if ! /ra9 be put 9 ! opposite direction1 ! b\gh w break long be=e x loses its angle4 ,y w f9d x difficult to b5d ! angles out ( ! y\nge/ sapl+1 if !y be m>k$2 & absolutely impossible1 ) a /rong b\gh4 ,y may break x1 b y w n de/roy its angles4 ,& if y wat* a tree 9 ! wilde/ /orm1 y w f9d t ?\gh all its b\ghs are b5d+1 none lose _! "* b ! utmo/ %oots & sapl+ spray4 ,h5ce ,gasp> ,p\ss91 by 8 bad draw+1 does n make 8 /orm /rong1 b 8 tree weak2 he does n make 8 gu/ viol5t1 b 8 b\ghs ( ,india-rubb]4 ,sec4 #ad4 ,b\gh-draw+ ( ,titian4 ,^! laws respect+ vegetation are s f> m imp]ative ?an ^? :i* 7 /at$ respect+ wat]1 t ! greate/ arti/ _c violate !m )\t dang]1 because !y are laws result+ f organic /ructure1 :i* x is always pa9ful to see int]rupt$2 on ! o!r h&1 !y h ?is 9 common ) all laws1 t !y may be obs]v$ ) ma!matical precision1 yet ) no grateful result2 ! discipl9$ eye & ! life 9 ! woods are wor? m ?an all botanical k4 ,= !re is t ab\t ! gr[+ ( ! tree trunk1 & t grace 9 its upp] ramification :i* _c be taught1 & :i* _c ev5 be se5 b by eag] wat*fulness4 ,!re is n an ,exhibition passes1 b !re appe> 9 x hundr$s ( elaborate pa9t+s ( trees1 _m ( !m execut$ f nature4 ,= ?ree hundr$ ye>s back1 trees h be5 drawn ) affection by all ! civiliz$ nations ( ,europe1 & yet ,i repeat boldly1 :at ,i be=e ass]t$1 t no m5 b ,titian & ,turn] ev] drew ! /em ( a tree4 ,g5]ally1 ,i ?9k1 ! p]ception ( ! muscul> qualities ( ! tree trunk incomplete1 except 9 m5 :o h /udi$ ! human figure1 & 9 loose expression ( ^? *>act]s1 ! pa9t] :o c draw ! liv+ muscle seldom fails2 b ! ?or\ghly peculi> l9es belong+ to woody fibre1 c only be le>n$ by pati5t =e/ /udy2 & h5ce 9 all ! trees ( ! m]ely hi/orical pa9t]s1 !re is fault ( "s k9d or ano!r1 commonly exagg]ation ( ! muscul> swell+s1 or insipidity & want ( spr+ 9 curvature1 or fanta/icism & unnaturalness ( arrangem5t1 & especially a want ( ! peculi> *>act]s ( b>k :i* express ! gr[? & age ( ! tree2 = b>k is no m]e excresc5ce1 lifeless & ext]nal--x is a sk9 ( especial significance 9 its indications ( ! organic =m b5ea?2 9 places "u ! arms ( ! tree x wr9kles up & =ms f9e l9es r\nd ! trunk1 ine/imable 9 _! indication ( ! direction ( its surface2 9 o!rs1 x bur/s or peels longitud9ally1 & ! r5d+ & bur/+ ( x are influ5c$ 9 direction & degree by ! "u-gr[? & swell+ ( ! woody fibre1 & are n a m]e r\ghness & granulat$ patt]n ( ! hide4 ,:]e !re are s _m po9ts to be obs]v$1 "s are almo/ always exagg]at$1 & o!rs miss$1 accord+ to ! pr$ilections ( ! pa9t]4 ,rembr&t & ,alb]t ,dur] h giv5 "s spl5did examples ( woody texture1 b bo? miss ! grace ( ! great l9es4 ,titian took a l>g] view & rea*$ a high] tru?1 yet 7z be=e notic$7 f ! habit ( draw+ ! figure1 he admits too mu* flaccidity & b5d1 & sometimes makes 8 tree trunks look flexible l sea-we$4 ,!re is a peculi> /iffness & spr+ ab\t ! curves ( ! wood1 :i* sep>ates !m completely f animal curves1 & :i* especially defies recollection or inv5tion2 x is s subtile t x escapes b too (t51 ev5 9 ! mo/ pati5t /udy f nature2 x lies )9 ! ?ickness ( a p5cil l9e4 ,f>!r1 ! modes ( ramification ( ! upp] bran*es are s v>i$1 inv5tive1 & graceful1 t ! lea/ alt]ation ( !m1 ev5 9 ! measure ( a hairbread?1 spoils !m2 & ?\gh x is sometimes possible to get rid ( a tr\blesome b\gh1 accid5tally awkw>d1 or 9 "s m9or respects to assi/ ! arrangem5t1 yet s f> z ! real bran*es are copi$1 ! h& libels _! lovely curvatures ev5 9 its be/ attempts to foll[ !m4 ,sec4 #ae4 ,b\gh-draw+ ( ,turn]4 ,^! two *>act]s1 ! woody /iffness h9t$ ?r\gh muscul> l9e1 & ! inv5tive grace ( ! upp] b\ghs1 h nev] be5 r5d]$ except by ,turn]2 he does n m]ely draw !m bett] ?an o!rs1 b he is ! only man :o has ev] drawn !m at all4 ,( ! woody "*1 ! tree subjects ( ! ,lib] ,/udiorum af=d m>k$ examples2 ! ,cephalus & ,procris1 sc5es ne> ! ,gr& ,*>treuse & ,blair ,a?ol1 ,juv5ile ,tricks1 & ,h$g+ & ,dit*+1 may be p>ticul>iz$2 9 ! ,engl& s]ies1 ! ,bolton ,abbey is p]haps a m *>act]i/ic & ?or\ghly ,turn]esque example ?an any4 ,( ! arrangem5t ( ! upp] b\ghs1 ! ,aesacus & ,hesp]ie is p]haps ! mo/ consummate example1 ! absolute tru? & simplicity & fre$om f any?+ l fanta/icism or animal =m be+ z m>k$ on ! "o h&1 z ! exquisite imag9ativ5ess ( ! l9es on ! o!r3 among ! ,york%ire subjects ! ,aske ,hall1 ,kirby ,lonsdale ,*ur*y>d1 & ,brignall ,*ur* are mo/ *>act]i/ic3 among ! ,engl& subjects ! ,w>wick1 ,d>tm\? ,cove1 ,durham1 & ,*a9 ,bridge ov] ! ,tees1 :]e ! piece ( ?icket on ! "r has be5 well r5d]$ by ! engrav]1 & is peculi>ly expressive ( ! a]ial relations & play ( light among complex b\ghs4 ,! vignette at ! op5+ ( ,rog]s's ,pleasures ( ,memory1 t ( ,*iefswood ,cottage 9 ! ,illu/rations to ,scott's ,works1 & ! ,*ateau de la belle ,gabrielle1 engrav$ = ! ,keepsake1 are among ! mo/ graceful examples accessible to e "o2 ! ,cross+ ! ,brook w occur at once to ^? acqua9t$ ) ! arti/'s gall]y4 ,! draw+ ( ! /ems 9 all ^! in/ances1 & inde$ 9 all ! v>i\s & frequ5t m9or occurr5ces ( su* subject ?r\gh\t ! pa9t]'s works is entirely unique1 !re is no?+ ( ! same k9d 9 art4 ,sec4 #af4 ,leafage4 ,its v>iety & symmetry4 ,sec4 #ag4 ,p]fect regul>ity ( ,p\ss94 ,let u1 h[ev]1 pass to ! leafage ( ! eld] l&scape pa9t]s1 & see if x atones = ! defici5cies ( ! /ems4 ,"o ( ! mo/ rem>kable *>act]s ( natural leafage is ! con/ancy ) :i*1 :ile ! leaves are arrang$ on ! spray ) exquisite regul>ity1 t regul>ity is modifi$ 9 _! actual effect4 ,= z 9 e gr\p ( leaves "s are se5 sideways1 =m+ m]ely long l9es1 "s =e%ort5$1 "s cross+ ea* o!r1 e "o diff]5tly turn$ & plac$ f all ! o!rs1 ! =ms ( ! leaves1 ?\gh 9 !mselves simil>1 give rise to a ?\s& /range & diff]+ =ms 9 ! gr\p2 & ! %ad[s ( "s1 pass+ ov] ! o!rs1 /ill f>!r disguise & confuse ! mass1 until ! eye c di/+ui% no?+ b a graceful & flexible disord] ( innum]able =ms1 ) "h & !re a p]fect leaf on ! extremity1 or a symmetrical association ( "o or two1 j en\gh to m>k ! specific "* & to give unity & grace1 b nev] en\gh to repeat 9 "o gr\p :at 0 done 9 ano!r--nev] en\gh to prev5t ! eye f feel+ t1 h[ev] regul> & ma!matical may be ! /ructure ( p>ts1 :at is compos$ out ( !m is z v>i\s & inf9ite z any o!r "p ( nature4 ,nor does ?is take place 9 g5]al effect only4 ,break (f an elm b\gh1 ?ree feet long1 9 full leaf1 & lay x on ! table be=e y1 & try to draw x1 leaf = leaf4 ,x is t5 to "o if 9 ! :ole b\gh1 7provid$ y d n twi/ x ab\t z y "w17 y f9d "o =m ( a leaf exactly l ano!r2 p]haps y w n ev5 h "o complete4 ,e leaf w be oblique1 or =e%ort5$1 or curl$1 or cross$ by ano!r1 or %ad$ by ano!r1 or h some?+ or o!r ! matt] ) x2 & ?\gh ! :ole b\gh w look graceful & symmetrical1 y w sc>cely be able to tell h[ or :y x does s1 s9ce !re is n "o l9e ( x l ano!r4 ,n[ g to ,gasp> ,p\ss91 & take "o ( 8 sprays :]e !y come aga9/ ! sky2 y may c\nt x all r\nd1 "o1 two1 ?ree1 f\r1 "o bun*2 five1 six1 sev51 eight1 two bun*es2 n9e1 t51 elev51 twelve1 ?ree bun*es2 ) f\r leaves ea*1--& su* leaves6 e "o precisely ! same z its neighbor1 blunt & r\nd at ! end1 7:]e e =e/ leaf is %>p1 except t ( ! fig-tree17 ti$ toge!r by ! roots1 & s fa/5$ on to ! demoniacal claws above describ$1 "o bun* to ea* claw4 ,sec4 #ah4 ,exce$+ intricacy ( nature's foliage4 ,b if nature is s v>i\s :5 y h a b\gh on ! table be=e y1 :at mu/ %e be :5 %e retires f y1 & gives y h] :ole mass & multitude8 ,! leaves !n at ! extremities become z f9e z du/1 a m]e confusion ( po9ts & l9es betwe5 y & ! sky1 a confusion :i* y might z well hope to draw sea-s& p>ticle by p>ticle1 z to imitate leaf = leaf4 ,?is1 z x comes d[n into ! body ( ! tree1 gets clos]1 b nev] opaque2 x is always transp>5t1 ) crumbl+ lights 9 x lett+ y ?r\gh to ! sky2 !n1 out ( ?is1 come1 heavi] & heavi]1 ! masses ( illum9$ foliage1 all dazzl+ & inextricable1 save "h & !re a s+le leaf on ! extremities2 !n1 "u ^!1 y get deep passages ( brok51 irregul> gloom1 pass+ into transp>5t1 gre5-light$1 mi/y holl[s2 ! twi/$ /ems glanc+ ?r\gh !m 9 _! pale & entangl$ inf9ity1 & ! %aft$ sunbeams1 ra9$ f above1 runn+ along ! lu/r\s leaves = an in/ant2 !n lo/1 !n caught aga9 on "s em]ald bank or knott$ root1 to be s5t up aga9 ) a fa9t reflex on ! :ite "u-sides ( dim gr\ps ( droop+ foliage1 ! %ad[s ( ! upp] b\ghs runn+ 9 gray network d[n ! glossy /ems1 & re/+ 9 quiet *eck]s ^u ! glitt]+ e>?2 b all p5etrable & transp>5t1 &1 9 proportion1 inextricable & incompreh5sible1 except :]e across ! labyr9? & ! my/]y ( ! dazzl+ light & dream-l %ad[1 falls1 close to u1 "s solit>y spray1 "s wrea? ( two or ?ree motionless l>ge leaves1 ! type & embody+ ( all t 9 ! re/ we feel & imag9e1 b c nev] see4 ,sec4 #ai4 ,h[ contradict$ by ! tree-patt]ns ( ,g4 ,p\ss94 ,n[1 ) ?us mu* ( nature 9 y\r m9d1 g to ,gasp> ,p\ss9's ,view ne> ,albano1 9 ! ,national ,gall]y4 ,x is ! v subject to unite all ^! effects1--a slop+ bank %ad$ ) int]tw9$ =e/2--& :at has ,gasp> giv5 u8 ,a mass ( smoo?1 opaque1 v>ni%$ br[n1 )\t "o int]/ice1 "o *ange ( hue1 or any ve/ige ( leafy /ructure 9 its int]ior1 or 9 ^? p>ts ( x1 ,i %\ld say1 :i* are int5d$ to repres5t int]ior2 b out ( x1 ov] x r1 at regul> int]vals1 we h circul> gr\ps ( gre5i% t\*es1 always ! same 9 size1 %ape1 & di/ance f ea* o!r1 conta9+ s exactly ! same numb] ( t\*es ea*1 t y _c tell "o f ano!r4 ,!re are eight or n9e & ?irty ( !m1 laid ov] ea* o!r l fi%-scales2 ! %ade be+ mo/ c>efully made d>k] & d>k] z x rec$es f ea* until x comes to ! edge ( ! next1 aga9/ :i* x cuts 9 ! same %>p circul> l9e1 & !n beg9s to decl9e aga91 until ! canvas is cov]$1 ) ab\t z mu* intellig5ce or feel+ ( art z a h\se-pa9t] has 9 m>bl+ a wa9scot1 or a weav] 9 repeat+ an ornam5tal patt]n4 ,:at is !re 9 ?is1 :i* ! mo/ det]m9$ prejudice 9 favor ( ! old ma/]s c = a mom5t suppose to resemble trees8 ,x is exactly :at ! mo/ ignorant beg9n]1 try+ to make a complete draw+1 w\ld lay d[n1--exactly ! conception ( trees :i* we h 9 ! works ( our wor/ draw+-ma/]s1 :]e ! %ade is laid on ) ! black-lead & /ump1 & e human p[] ex]t$ to make x look l a kit*5-grate well poli%$4 ,sec4 #bj4 ,h[ foll[$ by ,creswick4 ,oppose to ?is ! draw+ ev5 ( our some:at inf]ior tree-pa9t]s4 ,i w n insult ,h>d+ by m5tion+ 8 "w aft] x1 b take ,creswick1 = in/ance1 & mat* "o ( 8 sp>kl+ bits ( gre5 leafage ) ?is tree-patt]n ( ,p\ss9's4 ,i d n say !re is n a dignity & impressiv5ess ab\t ! old l&scape1 ow+ to its simplicity2 & ,i am v f> f call+ ,creswick's good tree-pa9t+2 x is false 9 color & defici5t 9 mass & fre$om1 & has _m o!r defects1 b x is ! "w ( a man :o has s\ght e>ne/ly = tru?2 & :o1 ) "o ?\ght or memory ( nature 9 8 he>t1 c\ld look at ! two l&scapes1 & receive ,p\ss9's ) ord9>y pati5ce8 ,take ,creswick 9 black & :ite1 :]e he is unemb>rass$ by 8 fondness = pea-gre51 ! illu/rations1 = in/ance1 to ! ,nut-br[n ,maid1 9 ! ,book ( ,engli% ,ballads4 ,look at ! intricacy & fulness ( ! d>k oak foliage :]e x b5ds ov] ! brook1 see h[ y c g ?r\gh x1 & into x1 & come out beh9d x to ! quiet bit ( sky4 ,obs]ve ! gray1 a]ial transp>5cy ( ! /unt$ copse on ! left1 & ! entangl+ ( ! b\ghs :]e ! light ne> foliage deta*es itself4 ,above all1 note ! =ms ( ! masses ( light4 ,n ?+s l scales or %ells1 %>p at ! edge & flat 9 ! middle1 b irregul> & r\nd$1 /eal+ 9 & out accid5tally f ! %ad[1 & pres5t+1 z ! masses ( all trees d1 9 g5]al outl9e1 a resemblance to ! specific =ms ( ! leaves ( :i* !y are compos$4 ,turn ov] ! page1 & look into ! weav+ ( ! foliage & sprays aga9/ ! d>k night-sky1 h[ ne> !y are1 yet h[ untraceable2 see h[ ! moonlight creeps up und]nea? !m1 trembl+ & %iv]+ on ! silv] b\ghs above2 note also1 ! desc5d+ bit ( ivy on ! left1 ( :i* only two leaves are made out1 & ! re/ is confusion1 or tells only 9 ! moonlight l fa9t flakes ( sn[4 ,sec4 #ba4 ,p]fect unity 9 nature's foliage4 ,b nature obs]ves ano!r pr9ciple 9 h] foliage m important ev5 ?an its intricacy4 ,%e always secures an exce$+ h>mony & repose4 ,%e is s intricate t h] m9ut5ess ( p>ts becomes to ! eye1 at a little di/ance1 "o unit$ veil or cl\d ( leaves1 to de/roy ! ev5ness ( :i* is p]haps a great] fault ?an to de/roy its transp>5cy4 ,look at ,creswick's oak aga91 9 its d>k p>ts4 ,intricate z x is1 all is bl5d$ into a cl\d-l h>mony ( %ade1 :i* becomes fa9t] & fa9t]1 z x retires1 ) ! mo/ delicate flatness & unity ( tone4 ,& x is by ?is k9d ( vaporesc5ce1 s to speak1 by ?is flat1 mi/y1 unison ( p>ts1 t nature1 & h] fai?ful foll[]s1 are enabl$ to keep ! eye 9 p]fect repose 9 ! mid/ ( pr(usion1 & to display beauty ( =m1 :]ev] !y *oose1 to ! greate/ possible advantage1 by ?r[+ x across "s quiet1 vision>y passage ( dimness & re/4 ,sec4 #bb4 ,total want ( x 9 ,bo? & ,hobbima4 ,x is "h t ,hobbima & ,bo? fail4 ,!y c pa9t oak leafage fai?fully1 b d n "k :]e to /op1 & by do+ too mu*1 lose ! tru? ( all1--lose ! v tru? ( detail at :i* !y aim1 = all _! m9ute "w only gives two leaves to nature's tw5ty4 ,!y are evid5tly incapable ( ev5 ?9k+ ( a tree1 mu* m ( draw+ x1 except leaf by leaf2 !y h no notion nor s5se ( simplicity1 mass1 or obscurity1 & :5 !y come to di/ance1 :]e x is totally impossible t leaves %\ld be sep>ately se51 yet1 be+ incapable ( conceiv+ or r5d]+ ! gr& & quiet =ms ( tru?1 !y are r$uc$ to pa9t _! bu%es ) dots & t\*es expressive ( leaves ?ree feet broad ea*4 ,nev]!less !re is a g5u9e aim 9 _! works1 & _! failure is r to be attribut$ to ignorance ( art1 ?an to su* want ( s5se = nature z we f9d 9 ,claude or ,p\ss92 & :5 !y come close home1 we sometimes receive f !m f9e passages ( me*anical tru?4 ,sec4 #bc4 ,h[ r5d]$ by ,turn]4 ,b let u oppose to _! works ! gr\p ( trees on ! left 9 ,turn]'s ,m>ly4#gc ,we h !re p]fect & ceaseless intricacy to oppose to ,p\ss91--p]fect & unbrok5 repose to oppose to ,hobbima2 & 9 ! unity ( ^! ! p]fection ( tru?4 ,?is gr\p may be tak5 z a fair /&>d ( ,turn]'s tree-pa9t+4 ,we h 9 x ! admirably drawn /ems1 in/ead ( ! claws or ! s]p5ts2 full1 transp>5t1 b\ndless intricacy1 in/ead ( ! %ell patt]n2 & mi/y dep? ( int]m+l$ light & leafage1 in/ead ( p]petual repetition ( "o me*anical t\*4 ,sec4 #bd4 ,! ne> leafage ( ,claude4 ,8 middle di/ances are good4 ,i h already spok5 7,section ,,ii4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,sec4 #ae17 ( ! way 9 :i* my/]y & intricacy are c>ri$ ev5 into ! ne>e/ leaves ( ! =egr\nd1 & notic$ ! want ( su* intricacy ev5 9 ! be/ works ( ! old ma/]s4 ,claude's are p>ticul>ly defici5t1 = by repres5t+ e p>ticul> leaf ( !m1 or try+ to d s1 he makes nature f9ite1 & ev5 8 ne>e/ bits ( leafage are utt]ly false1 = !y h nei!r %ad[s modify+ _! =m1 7comp>e ,section ,,ii4 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,sec4 #g17 nor sp>kl+ lights1 nor confus$ int]sections ( _! own =ms & l9es2 & ! p]petual repetition ( ! same %ape ( leaves & ! same arrangem5t1 reliev$ f a black gr\nd1 is m l an ornam5tal patt]n = dress ?an ! pa9t+ ( a =egr\nd4 ,nev]!less1 ! foliage ( ,claude1 9 8 middle di/ances1 is ! f9e/ & true/ "p ( 8 pictures1 &1 on ! :ole1 af=ds ! be/ example ( good draw+ to be f\nd 9 anci5t art4 ,x is always false 9 color1 & has n b\ghs en\gh among/ x1 & ! /ems commonly look a great deal ne>] ?an any "p ( x1 b x is /ill graceful1 flexible1 abundant1 intricate2 &1 9 all b color & connection ) /ems1 v ne>ly "r4 ,( ! p]fect pa9t+ ( ?ick1 leafy =egr\nd1 ,turn]'s ,m]cury & ,argus1 & ,oakhampton1 are ! /&>ds4#gd ,sec4 #be4 ,univ]sal t]m9ation ( trees 9 symmetrical curves4 ,sec4 #bf4 ,altoge!r unobs]v$ by ! old ma/]s4 ,always giv5 by ,turn]4 ,! la/ & mo/ important tru? to be obs]v$ respect+ trees1 is t _! b\ghs always1 9 f9ely gr[n individuals1 be> among !mselves su* a ratio ( l5g? z to describe ) _! extremities a symmetrical curve1 con/ant = ea* species2 & )9 ?is curve all ! irregul>ities1 segm5ts1 & divisions ( ! tree are includ$1 ea* b\gh rea*+ ! limit ) its extremity1 b n pass+ x4 ,:5 a tree is p]fectly gr[n1 ea* b\gh />ts f ! trunk ) j s mu* wood z1 all[+ = con/ant ramification1 w enable x to rea* ! t]m9al l9e2 or if by mi/ake1 x />t ) too little1 x w proce$ )\t ramify+ till )9 a di/ance :]e x may safely divide2 if on ! contr>y x />t ) too mu*1 x w ramify quickly & con/antly2 or1 to express ! real op]ation m accurately1 ea* b\gh1 gr[+ on s z to keep ev5 ) its neighbors1 takes s mu* wood f ! trunk z is suffici5t to enable x to d s1 m or less 9 proportion z x ramifies fa/ or sl[ly4 ,9 badly gr[n trees1 ! b\ghs are apt to fall %ort ( ! curve1 or at lea/1 !re are s _m jags & op5+s t its symmetry is int]rupt$2 & 9 "y trees1 ! impati5ce ( ! upp] %oots frequ5tly breaks ! l9e2 b 9 p]fect & mature trees1 e b\gh does its duty completely1 & ! l9e ( curve is q fill$ up1 & ! mass )9 x unbrok51 s t ! tree assumes ! %ape ( a dome1 z 9 ! oak1 or1 9 tall trees1 ( a pe>1 ) ! /alk d[nmo/4 ,! old ma/]s paid no att5tion :atsoev] to ?is great pr9ciple4 ,!y sw+ _! b\ghs ab\t1 any:]e & ev]y:]e2 ea* /ops or goes on j z x likes1 nor w x be possible1 9 any ( _! works1 to f9d a s+le example 9 :i* any symmetrical curve is indicat$ by ! extremities4#ge ,b ,i ne$ sc>cely tell any "o 9 ! slighte/ degree acqua9t$ ) ! works ( ,turn]1 h[ rigidly & con/antly he adh]es to ?is pr9ciple ( nature2 tak+ 9 8 highe/ compositions ! p]fect ideal =m1 e spray be+ graceful & v>i$ 9 itself1 b inevitably t]m9at+ at ! assign$ limit1 & fill+ up ! curve )\t break or gap2 9 8 l[] works1 tak+ less p]fect =m1 b inv>iably h9t+ ! con/ant t5d5cy 9 all1 & ?us1 9 spite ( 8 abundant complexity1 he arranges 8 trees "u simpl] & gr&] =ms ?an any o!r arti/1 ev5 among ! mod]ns4 ,sec4 #bg4 ,foliage pa9t+ on ! ,cont95t4 ,x 0 above ass]t$ t ,j4 ,d4 ,h>d+ is1 aft] ,turn]1 ! greate/ ma/] ( foliage 9 ,europe2 ,i ought1 h[ev]1 to /ate t my k ( ! mod]n l&scape ( ,g]many is v limit$1 & t1 ev5 ) respect to ,france & ,italy1 ,i judge r f ! g5]al t5d5cy ( /udy & "* ( m9d visible 9 ! annual ,exhibition ( ! ,l\vre1 & 9 "s gall]ies ( mod]n pa9t+s at ,milan1 ,v5ice1 & ,flor5ce1 ?an f any detail$ acqua9tance ) ! works ( _! celebrat$ pa9t]s4 ,yet ,i ?9k ,i c h>dly be mi/ak54 ,i h se5 no?+ to induce me to take a clos] survey2 no life k or emotion 9 any qu>t]2 no?+ b ! meane/ & mo/ ignorant copyism ( vulg> details1 c\pl$ ) a /yle ( conception resembl+ t ( ! v>i\s li?ographic ideals on ! fir/ leaves ( ! music ( pa/oral ballads4 ,an exception ought1 h[ev]1 to be made 9 favor ( ,fr5* et*+2 "s /udies 9 black & :ite may be se5 9 ! n>r[ passages ( ! ,l\vre ( v high m]it1 %[+ great skill & delicacy ( execution1 & mo/ det]m9$ indu/ry2 79 fact1 ,i ?9k :5 ! ,fr5* arti/ fails1 x is nev] ?r\gh fe> ( labor27 nay1 m ?an ?is1 "s ( !m exhibit acute p]ception ( l&scape "* & great p[] ( rea*+ simple impressions ( gloom1 wildness1 s\nd1 & motion4 ,"s ( _! illu/rat$ works also exhibit ^! p[]s 9 a high degree2 !re is a _s1 fire1 & s5se ( reality ab\t "s ( ! wood-cuts to ! l>ge edition ( ,paul & ,virg9ia1 & a det]m9$ r5d]+ ( sep>ate feel+ 9 ea*1 su* z we look = 9 va9 9 our own ornam5tal works4#gf ,b ! ,fr5* appe> to h no tea*+ su* z might c>ry !m beyond ?is2 _! entire ignorance ( color r5d]s ! assumption ( ! bru% in/antly fatal1 & ! false1 =c$1 & impi\s s5tim5t ( ! nation r5d]s any?+ l gr& composition altoge!r impossible4 ,sec4 #bh4 ,foliage ( ,j4 ,d4 ,h>d+4 ,its defici5cies4 ,x is !re=e only among good arti/s ( our own s*ool t ,i ?9k any fair comp>ison c be in/itut$1 & ,i wi% to ass]t ,h>d+'s k ( foliage m di/9ctly1 because he nei!r does ju/ice to himself1 nor is1 ,i ?9k1 rightly e/imat$ by 8 fell[-arti/s4 ,i %all n make any invidi\s rem>ks respect+ individuals1 b ,i ?9k x necess>y to /ate g5]ally1 t ! /yle ( foliage pa9t+ *iefly *>act]i/ic ( ! pictures on ! l9e ( ! ,royal ,academy is ( ! mo/ degrad$ k9d2#gg & t1 except ,turn] & ,mulready1 we h1 z f> z ,i "k1 no ,royal ,academician capable ( pa9t+ ev5 ! smalle/ portion ( foliage 9 a dignifi$ or correct mann]2 all is lo/ 9 gre5 %ad[s ) glitt]+ yell[ lights1 :ite trunks ) black pat*es on !m1 & leaves ( no species 9 p>ticul>4 ,mu* labori\s & clev] foliage draw+ is to be f\nd 9 ! rooms ( ! ,new ,wat]-,color ,society2 b we h no "o 9 any wise comp>able to ,h>d+ = ?or\gh k ( ! subject1 = p[] ( expression 9 a sket* f nature1 or = natural & unaffect$ conception 9 ! /udy4 ,ma9ta9+ = him ?is high position1 x is necess>y t ,i %\ld also /ate ^? defici5cies :i* appe> to me to conceal 8 real p[]1 & 9 no small degree to prev5t 8 progress4 ,sec4 #bi4 ,8 brilliancy ( execution too manife/4 ,8 ov]-fondness = brilliant execution ,i h already notic$4 ,he is fond] ( see+ some?+ tol]ably l a tree produc$ ) few t\*es1 ?an some?+ v l a tree produc$ ) _m4 ,n[1 x is q all[able t occasionally1 & 9 portions ( 8 picture1 a great arti/ %\ld indulge himself 9 ?is luxury ( sket*+1 yet x is a p]il\s luxury2 x blunts ! feel+ & weak5s ! h&4 ,i h said en\gh 9 v>i\s places respect+ ! virtues ( neglig5ce & ( f9i%1 7comp>e above ! *apt] on ,ideas ( ,p[] 9 ,"p ,i4 ,sect4 ,,ii41 & ,"p ,,iii4 ,sect4 ,i4 ,*4 ,x4 ,sec4 #d17 & ,i ne$ only say "h1 !re=e1 t ,h>d+'s foliage is nev] suffici5tly f9i%$1 & has at its be/ ! look ( a rapid sket* f nature t\*$ ^u at home4 ,9 #ahdc1 7,i ?9k17 !re 0 a pretty draw+ 9 ! rooms ( ! ,wat]-,color ,society1--! cle> gre5 wat] ( a torr5t re/+ among /ones1 ) copse-l wood on ea* side1 a bridge 9 ! di/ance1 a :ite fl[] 7wat]-lily87 cat*+ ! eye 9 front2 ! tops ( ! trees on ! left ( ?is picture 7 m]e broad blots ( color da%$ ^u ! sky & connect$ by /ems4 ,i all[ ! p[] necess>y to atta9 any look ( foliage by su* means1 b x is p[] abus$3 by no su* means c any ( ! high] virtue & impressiv5ess ( foliage be r5d]$4 ,9 ! use ( body color = ne> leaves1 8 execution is also too ha/y2 (t5 ! t\*es are m]e squ>e or r\nd dots1 :i* c be und]/ood only = foliage by _! arrangem5t4 ,?is fault 0 especially m>k$ 9 ! trees ( 8 picture pa9t$ = ! ,academy two ye>s ago2 !y 7 v ne>ly %apeless1 & c\ld n /& ev5 9 c\rtesy = walnut leaves1 = :i* judg+ by ! make ( ! tree1 !y mu/ h be5 int5d$4 ,sec4 #cj4 ,8 b\gh-draw+ & *oice ( =m4 ,8 draw+ ( b\ghs is1 9 all po9ts ( demon/rable law1 "r1 & v frequ5tly easy & graceful also2 yet x has two em95t faults1 ! fir/1 t ! fl[ ( ! b\gh is sacrific$ to its texture1 ! p5cil *eck+ itself & hesitat+ at dots1 & /ripes1 & knots1 in/ead ( foll[+ ! gr& & unbrok5 t5d5cy ( gr[?3 ! second1 t h[ev] good ! arrangem5t may be z f> z reg>ds m]ely flexibility1 intricacy1 & fre$om1 !re are none ( ^? compos$ gr\ps ( l9e :i* are unfail+ 9 nature4 ,h>d+'s "w is n gr& en\gh to be natural4 ,! draw+s 9 ! p>k & ! =e/1 are1 ,i believe1 almo/ facsimiles ( sket*es made f nature2 yet x is evid5t at once t 9 all ( !m no?+ b ! g5]al lie & disposition ( ! b\ghs has be5 tak5 f ! tree1 & t no s+le bran* or spray has be5 fai?fully copi$ or pati5tly /udi$4 ,?is want ( close /udy necess>ily causes sev]al defici5cies ( feel+ respect+ g5]al =m4 ,h>d+'s *oice is always ( tree =ms comp>atively imp]fect1 lean+ ?is way & t1 & unequal 9 ! lat]al arrangem5ts ( foliage4 ,su* =ms are (t5 graceful1 always picturesque1 b r>ely gr&2 & :5 sy/ematically adopt$1 untrue4 ,x requires m pati5t /udy to atta9 j feel+ ( ! dignity & "* ( a purely =m$ tree ) all its symmetries p]fect4 ,sec4 #ca4 ,local color1 h[ f> expressible 9 black & :ite1 & ) :at advantage4 ,"o m cause ( incorrectness ,i may note1 ?\gh x is n peculi> to ! arti/'s tree-draw+1 b atta*es to 8 g5]al sy/em ( sket*+4 ,9 ,h>d+'s valuable "w on ! use ( ! ,lead ,p5cil1 !re is "o pr9ciple advanc$ :i* ,i believe to be false & dang]\s1 t ! local color ( objects is n !reby to be r5d]$4 ,i ?9k ! in/ance giv5 is t ( "s baskets1 ^: d>kness is occasion$ solely by ! t\*es indicat+ ! wick]-"w4 ,n[1 ,i believe1 t an ess5tial diff]5ce betwe5 ! sket* ( a great & ( a comp>atively inf]ior ma/] is1 t ! =m] is conceiv$ entirely 9 %ade & color1 & its masses are block$ out ) ref]5ce to bo?1 :ile ! inf]ior draughtsman *ecks at textures & petty *>act]s ( object4 ,if ,rembr&t _h _h to sket* su* baskets1 he w\ld h tr\bl$ himself v little ab\t ! wick]-"w2 b he w\ld h look$ to see :]e !y came d>k or light on ! s&1 & :]e !re 7 any sp>kl+ po9ts ( light on ! wet osi]s4 ,^! d>ks & lights he w\ld h scrat*$ 9 ) ! fa/e/ l9es he c\ld1 leav+ no :ite pap] b at ! wet po9ts ( lu/re2 if he _h _h "t1 ! wick]-"w w\ld h come aft]w>ds4#gh ,& ,i ?9k1 t ! fir/ ?+ to be taught to any pupil1 is nei!r h[ to manage ! p5cil1 nor h[ to atta9 "* ( outl9e1 b r to see :]e ?+s are light & :]e !y are d>k1 & to draw !m z he sees !m1 nev] c>+ :e!r 8 l9es be dext]\s or slov5ly4 ,! result ( su* /udy is ! imm$iate sub/itution ( d[nright draw+ = symbolism1 & aft]w>ds a judici\s mod]ation 9 ! use ( extreme lights & d>ks2 = :]e local colors are really drawn1 s mu* ( :at seems viol5tly d>k is f\nd to come light aga9/ some?+ else1 & s mu* ( :at seems high light to come d>k aga9/ ! sky1 t ! draughtsman trembles at f9d+ himself plung$ ei!r into blackness or :it5ess1 & seeks1 z he %\ld1 = means ( obta9+ =ce )\t ei!r4 ,x is 9 consequ5ce ( 8 evid5t habit ( sket*+ m ) a view to detail & "* ?an to ! great masses1 t ,h>d+'s *i>oscuro is frequ5tly crude1 scatt]$1 & petty4 ,black %ad[s occur "u 8 di/ant trees1 :ite high lights on 8 =egr\nd rocks1 ! foliage & trunks are divid$ by viol5t oppositions into sep>ate masses1 & ! bran*es lose 9 spots ( moss & furr[+s ( b>k _! s(t r\nd+s ( delicate =m1 & _! gr& relations to ea* o!r & ! sky4 ,sec4 #cb4 ,opposition betwe5 great mann] & great k4 ,x is ow+ to my respect = ! arti/1 & my belief 9 8 p[] & consci5ti\s desire to d :at is be/1 t ,i h ?us ext5d$ ^! some:at unk9d rem>ks4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x is to be rememb]$1 t 8 k ( nature is mo/ ext5d$1 & 8 dext]ity ( draw+ mo/ in/ructive1 especially consid]+ 8 range ( subject2 = :e!r 9 wat]1 rock1 or foliage1 he is equally skilful 9 atta9+ :atev] he desires1 7?\gh he does n always desire all t he ought27 & arti/s %\ld keep 9 m9d1 t nei!r gr&eur ( mann] nor tru? ( sy/em c atone = ! want ( ?is k & ?is skill4 ,con/able's mann] is good & great1 b be+ unable to draw ev5 a log ( wood1 mu* m a trunk ( a tree or a /one1 he left 8 works de/itute ( sub/ance1 m]e /udies ( effect )\t any expression ( specific k2 & ?us ev5 :at is great 9 !m has be5 productive1 ,i believe1 ( v great injury 9 its enc\ragem5t ( ! mo/ sup]ficial qualities ( ! ,engli% s*ool4 ,sec4 #cc4 ,foliage ( ,cox1 ,field+1 & ,catt]mole4 ,! foliage ( ,david ,cox has be5 already notic$ 7preface to second edition47 ,x is altoge!r exquisite 9 color1 & 9 its impressions ( coolness1 %ade1 & mass2 ( its draw+ ,i _c say any?+1 b t ,i %\ld be sorry to see x bett]4 ,copley ,field+'s is rem>kable = its intricacy & elegance2 x is1 h[ev]1 n free f affectation1 &1 z has be5 be=e rem>k$1 is always evid5tly compos$ 9 ! /udy4 ,! execution is too r\gh & woolly2 x is want+ 9 simplicity1 %>pness1 & fre%ness1--above all 9 specific "*3 n1 h[ev]1 9 8 middle di/ances1 :]e ! r\nd$ masses ( =e/ & deta*$ bla/$ trunks ( fir are usually v admirable4 ,catt]mole has v gr& conceptions ( g5]al =m1 b wild & )\t sub/ance1 & !re=e incapable ( long ma9ta9+ _! attractiv5ess1 especially lately1 ! execution hav+ become 9 ! la/ degree co>se & affect$4 ,?is is bitt]ly to be regrett$1 = few ( our arti/s w\ld pa9t foliage bett]1 if he w\ld pa9t x f nature1 & ) rev]5ce4 ,sec4 #cd4 ,hunt & ,creswick4 ,gre51 h[ to be r5d]$ expressive ( light1 & (f5sive if o!rwise4 ,hunt1 ,i ?9k1 fails1 & fails only1 9 foliage2 fails1 z ! ,dagu]reotype does1 f ov]-fidelity2 = foliage w n be imitat$1 x mu/ be reason$ out & sugge/$2 yet ,hunt is ! only man we h :o c pa9t ! real leaf gre5 "u sunlight1 &1 9 ?is respect1 8 trees are delici\s1--summ] itself4 ,creswick has sweet feel+1 & tries = ! real gre5 too1 b1 f want ( sci5ce 9 8 %ad[s1 ends 9 gre5 pa9t in/ead ( gre5 light2 9 m]e local color1 in/ead ( color rais$ by sun%9e4 ,"o example is en\gh to %[ :]e ! fault lies4 ,9 8 picture ( ! ,weald ( ,k5t1 9 ! ,briti% ,in/itution ?is ye>1 !re 0 a cottage 9 ! middle di/ance ) :ite walls1 & a r$ ro(4 ,! d>k sides ( ! :ite walls & ( ! ro( 7 ( ! same color1 a d>k purple--wrong = bo?4 ,repeat$ inaccuracies ( ?is k9d necess>ily deprive ev5 ! mo/ brilliant color ( all appe>ance ( sun%9e1 & !y are mu* to be deprecat$ 9 ,creswick1 z he is "o ( ! v few arti/s :o d draw f nature & try = nature4 ,"s ( 8 ?ickets & torr5t-b$s are mo/ pa9fully /udi$1 & yet he _c draw a b\gh nor a /one4 ,i suspect he is too mu* 9 ! habit ( /udy+ only l>ge views on ! spot1 & n ( draw+ small portions ?or\ghly4 ,i tru/ x w be se5 t ^!1 z all o!r rem>ks t ,i h made ?r\gh\t ?is volume on p>ticul> works1 are n 9 depreciation (1 or un?ankfulness =1 :at ! arti/ has done1 b 9 ! desire t he %\ld d himself m ju/ice & m honor4 ,i h mu* pleasure 9 ,creswick's works1 & ,i am glad always to see !m admir$ by o!rs4 ,sec4 #ce4 ,conclusion4 ,works ( ,j4 ,l9nell & ,s4 ,palm]4 ,i %all conclude ?is sket* ( ! foliage art ( ,engl&1 by m5tion ( two arti/s1 :om ,i believe to be repres5tative ( a consid]able class1 admirable 9 _! rev]5ce & pati5ce ( /udy1 yet unappreciat$ by ! public1 because :at !y d is unrecomm5d$ by dext]ities ( h&l+4 ,! =e/ /udies ( ,j4 ,l9nell are peculi>ly elaborate1 &1 9 _m po9ts1 mo/ skilful2 !y fail p]haps ( int]e/1 ow+ to ov]-fulness ( detail & a want ( g5]alization 9 ! effect2 b ev5 a little m ( ! ,h>d+ %>pness ( t\* w\ld set (f _! /]l+ qualities1 & make !m felt4 ,a less kn[n arti/1 ,s4 ,palm]1 lately admitt$ a memb] ( ! ,old ,wat]-,color ,society1 is des]v+ ( ! v highe/ place among fai?ful foll[]s ( nature4 ,8 /udies ( =eign foliage especially are beyond all praise = c>e & fulness4 ,i h nev] se5 a /one p9e or a cypress drawn except by him2 & 8 feel+ is z pure & gr& z 8 fidelity is exempl>y4 ,he has n1 h[ev]1 yet1 ,i ?9k1 discov]$ :at is necess>y & unnecess>y 9 a great picture2 & 8 works1 s5t to ! ,society's rooms1 h be5 mo/ unfavorable examples ( 8 p[]1 & h be5 g5]ally1 z yet1 9 places :]e all t is be/ 9 !m is out ( sight4 ,i look to him1 nev]!less1 unless he lose himself 9 ov]-rev]5ce = c]ta9 conv5tionalisms ( ! eld] s*ools1 z "o ( ! probable r5ovators & correctors ( :atev] is fail+ or errone\s 9 ! practice ( ,engli% art4 ,,footnotes #ga ,x sometimes happ5s t a morbid direction ( gr[? w cause an exception "h & !re to ?is rule1 ! b\gh swell+ beyond its legitimate size2 knots & excresc5ces1 ( c\rse1 sometimes int]f]e ) ! effect ( dim9ution4 ,i believe t 9 ! laurel1 :5 x gr[s l>ge & old1 s+ul> in/ances may be f\nd ( ?ick upp] b\ghs & ov] quantity ( wood at ! extremities4 ,all ^! accid5ts or exceptions are felt z su* by ! eye4 ,!y may occasionally be us$ by ! pa9t] 9 savage or grotesque sc5]y1 or z po9ts ( contra/1 b are no excuse = 8 ev] los+ sight ( ! g5]al law4 #gb ,comp>e ,"p ,,iii4 ,sect4 ,,ii4 ,*ap4 ,,iv4 ,sec4 #f1 #g4 #gc ,?is gr\p ,i h be=e notic$ z s+ul>ly 7b1 ,i d\bt n1 accid5tally1 & 9 consequ5ce ( ! love ( ! two great pa9t]s = ! same gr& =ms7 resembl+ t introduc$ by ,t9toret 9 ! backgr\nd ( 8 ,ca9 & ,abel4 #gd ,! above p>agraphs ,i h left z orig9ally writt51 because !y are q true z f> z !y rea*2 b l _m o!r portions ( ?is essay1 !y take 9 a v small portion ( ! tru?4 ,i %all n add to !m at pres5t1 because ,i c expla9 my mean+ bett] 9 our consid]ation ( ! laws ( beauty2 b ! read] mu/ be> 9 m9d t :at is above /at$ ref]s1 ?r\gh\t1 to l>ge masses ( foliage se5 "u broad sun%9e1--& x has especial ref]5ce to ,turn]'s enorm\s scale ( sc5e1 & int5se desire ( light4 ,9 twilight1 :5 tree-=ms are se5 aga9/ sky1 o!r laws come into op]ation1 z well z 9 subject ( n>r[ limits & ne> =egr\nd4 ,x is1 ,i ?9k1 to be regrett$ t ,turn] does n 9 8 ,academy pictures sometimes take m conf9$ & gloomy subjects1 l t gr& "o1 ne> ! ,*>treuse1 ( ! ,lib] ,/udiorum1 :]e9 8 magnific5t p[] ( elaborat+ close foliage might be develop$2 b1 = ! pres5t1 let ! read]1 ) respect to :at has be5 "h said ( close foliage1 note ! draw+ ( ! leaves 9 t plate1 9 ! ,aesacus & ,hesp]ie1 & ! ,cephalus1 & ! elaboration ( ! =egr\nds 9 ! ,york%ire draw+s2 let him comp>e :at is said ( ,turn]'s foliage pa9t+ above 9 ,"p ,,ii4 ,sect4 ,i4 ,*ap4 ,,vii4 ,sec4 #dj1 ,sec4 #da1 & ( ,titian's previ\sly1 z well z ,"p ,,iii4 ,sect4 ,i4 ,*ap4 ,,viii41 & ,sect4 ,,ii4 ,*ap4 ,,iv4 ,sec4 #ba4 ,i %all h]eaft] endeavor to arrange ! subject 9 a m sy/ematic mann]2 b :at additional obs]vations ,i may h to make w none ( !m be 9 any wise m favorable to ,gasp>1 ,salvator1 or ,hobbima1 ?an ! above p>agraphs4 #ge ,p]haps 9 "s in/ances1 ?is may be ! case ) ! trees ( ,ni*olas ,p\ss92 b ev5 ) him ! b\ghs only t\* ! l9e ( limit ) _! c5tral po9ts ( extremity1 & are n sectors ( ! great curve--=m+ a "p ( x ) exp&$ extremities1 z 9 nature4 ,draw a few /raight l9es1 f ! c5tre to ! circumf]5ce ( a circle4 ,! =ms includ$ betwe5 !m are ! =ms ( ! individual b\ghs ( a f9e tree1 ) all _! ramifications 7only ! ext]nal curve is n a circle1 b m frequ5tly two p>abolas--:i*1 ,i believe1 x is 9 ! oak--or an ellipse47 ,b ea* b\gh ( ! old ma/]s is club-%ap$1 & broade/1 n at ! outside ( ! tree1 b a little way t[>ds its c5tre4 #gf ,on ! o!r h&1 no?+ c be m exquisitely ridicul\s ?an ! ,fr5* illu/rations ( a second or ?ird-rate ord]1 z ^? to ! ,h>monies ( ,lam>t9e4 #gg ,( ,/anfield's foliage ,i rememb] too little to enable me to =m any def9ite judgm5t2 x is a pity t he s mu* neglects ?is noble elem5t ( l&scape4 #gh ,x is true t _m ( ,rembr&t's et*+s are m]ely 9 l9e1 b x may be obs]v$ t ! subject is univ]sally conceiv$ 9 light & %ade1 & t ! l9es are ei!r m]ely guides 9 ! arrangem5t1 or an exquisite indication ( ! key-notes ( %ade1 on :i* ! aft]-sy/em ( x is to be bas$--portions ( fragm5t>y f9i%1 %[+ ! complet5ess ( ! conception4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,g5]al ,,rem>ks ,,respect+ ,,! ,,tru? ,,( ,,turn]4 ,sec4 #a4 ,no necessity ( ent]+ into discussion ( ar*itectural tru?4 ,we h n[ arriv$ at "s g5]al conception ( ! ext5t ( ,turn]'s k1 & ! tru? ( 8 practice1 by ! delib]ate exam9ation ( ! *>act]i/ics ( ! f\r great elem5ts ( l&scape--sky1 e>?1 wat]1 & vegetation4 ,i h n ?\ght x necess>y to devote a *apt] to ar*itecture1 because en\gh has be5 said on ?is subject 9 ,"p ,,ii4 ,sect4 ,i4 ,*ap4 ,,vii42 & its g5]al tru?s1 :i* are ^? ) :i* ! l&scape pa9t]1 z su*1 is *iefly conc]n$1 require only a simple & /raight=w>d application ( ^? rules ( :i* e o!r mat]ial object ( a l&scape has requir$ a mo/ difficult & complicat$ application4 ,turn]'s k ( p]spective probably adds to 8 p[] 9 ! arrangem5t ( e ord] ( subject2 b ignorance on ?is head is r disgraceful ?an k m]itori\s4 ,x is disgraceful1 = in/ance1 t any man %\ld commit su* palpable & atroci\s errors 9 ord9>y p]spective z are se5 9 ! quay 9 ,claude's sea-piece1 ,no4 #ad1 ,national ,gall]y1 or 9 ! curv$ portico ( ,no4 #cj2 b /ill ^! are n po9ts to be tak5 into consid]ation z hav+ any?+ to d ) arti/ical rank1 j z1 ?\gh we %\ld say x 0 disgraceful if a great poet c\ld n spell1 we %\ld n consid] su* a defect z 9 any way tak+ f 8 poetical rank4 ,nei!r is !re any?+ p>ticul>ly belong+ to ar*itecture1 z su*1 :i* x is any cr$it to an arti/ to obs]ve or repres5t2 x is only a simple & cle> field = ! manife/ation ( 8 k ( g5]al laws4 ,any surveyor or eng9e] c\ld h drawn ! /eps & balu/rade 9 ! ,h]o & ,le&]1 z well z ,turn] has2 b !re is no man liv+ b himself :o c\ld h ?r[n ! accid5tal %ad[s ^u !m4 ,i may1 h[ev]1 ref] = g5]al illu/ration ( ,turn]'s p[] z an ar*itectural draughtsman1 to ! front ( ,r\5 ,ca!dral1 engrav$ 9 ! ,riv]s ( ,france1 & to ! ,ely 9 ! ,engl&4 ,i "k no?+ 9 art :i* c be set beside ! =m] ( ^! = ov]:elm+ gr&eur & simplicity ( effect1 & inexhau/ible intricacy ( p>ts4 ,i h !n only a few rem>ks f>!r to (f] respect+ ! g5]al "* ( all ^? tru?s :i* we h be5 hi!rto endeavor+ to expla9 & illu/rate4 ,sec4 #b4 ,extreme difficulty ( illu/rat+ or expla9+ ! highe/ tru?4 ,sec4 #c4 ,! positive rank ( ,turn] is 9 no degree %[n 9 ! =ego+ pages1 b only 8 relative rank4 ,sec4 #d4 ,! exce$+ ref9em5t ( 8 tru?4 ,sec4 #e4 ,!re is no?+ 9 8 works :i* c be enjoy$ )\t k4 ,sec4 #f4 ,& no?+ :i* k w n enable u to enjoy4 ,! diff]5ce 9 ! accuracy ( ! l9es ( ! ,torso ( ! ,vatican1 7! ,mae/ro ( ,m4 ,angelo17 f ^? 9 "o ( ,m4 ,angelo's f9e/ works1 c\ld p]haps sc>cely be appreciat$ by any eye or feel+ undiscipl9$ by ! mo/ p]fect & practical anatomical k4 ,x re/s on po9ts ( su* traceless & ref9$ delicacy1 t ?\gh we feel !m 9 ! result1 we _c foll[ !m 9 ! details4 ,yet !y are su* & s great z to place ! ,torso alone 9 art1 solit>y & supreme2 :ile ! f9e/ ( ,m4 ,angelo's works1 consid]$ ) respect to tru? alone1 are said to be only on a level ) antiques ( ! second class1 "u ! ,apollo & ,v5us1 t is1 two classes or grades bel[ ! ,torso4 ,b suppose ! be/ sculptor 9 ! _w1 possess+ ! mo/ entire appreciation ( ! excell5ce ( ! ,torso1 7 to sit d[n1 p5 9 h&1 to try & tell u :]e9 ! peculi> tru? ( ea* l9e consi/$8 ,c\ld any words t he c\ld use make u feel ! hairbread? ( dep? & di/ance on :i* all dep5ds8 or end 9 any?+ m ?an b>e ass]tions ( ! inf]iority ( ?is l9e to t1 :i*1 if we did n p]ceive = ourselves1 no explanation c\ld ev] illu/rate to u8 ,he might z well endeavor to expla9 to u by words "s ta/e or o!r subject ( s5se1 ( :i* we _h no exp]i5ce4 ,& s x is ) all tru?s ( ! highe/ ord]2 !y are sep>at$ f ^? ( av]age precision by po9ts ( extreme delicacy1 :i* none b ! cultivat$ eye c 9 ! lea/ feel1 & to express :i*1 all words are absolutely mean+less & useless4 ,consequ5tly1 9 all t ,i h be5 say+ ( ! tru? ( arti/s1 ,i h be5 able to po9t out only co>se1 broad1 & explicable matt]s2 ,i h be5 p]fectly unable to express 7& inde$ ,i h made no endeavor to express7 ! f9ely drawn & di/+ui%$ tru? 9 :i* all ! real excell5ce ( art consi/s4 ,all ^? tru?s :i* ,i h be5 able to expla9 & demon/rate 9 ,turn]1 are su* z any arti/ ( ord9>y p[]s ( obs]vation ought to be capable ( r5d]+4 ,x is disgraceful to omit !m2 b x is no v great cr$it to obs]ve !m4 ,i h inde$ prov$ t !y h be5 neglect$1 & disgracefully s1 by ^? m5 :o are commonly consid]$ ! ,fa!rs ( ,art2 b 9 %[+ t !y h be5 obs]v$ by ,turn]1 ,i h only prov$ him to be above o!r m5 9 k ( tru?1 ,i h n giv5 any conception ( 8 own positive rank z a ,pa9t] ( ,nature4 ,b x /&s to reason1 t ! m51 :o 9 broad1 simple1 & demon/rable matt]s are p]petually violat+ tru?1 w n be p>ticul>ly accurate or c>eful 9 c>ry+ out delicate & ref9$1 & undemon/rable matt]s2 & x /&s equally to reason1 t ! man :o1 z f> z argum5t or demon/ration c g1 is f\nd inv>iably tru?ful1 w1 9 all probability1 be tru?ful to ! la/ l9e1 & %ad[ ( a l9e4 ,& su* is1 inde$1 ! case ) e t\* ( ?is consummate arti/2 ! ess5tial excell5ce--all t con/itutes ! real & exce$+ value ( 8 works--is beyond & above expression2 x is a tru? inh]5t 9 e l9e1 & brea?+ 9 e hue1 too delicate & exquisite to admit ( any k9d ( pro(1 nor to be asc]ta9$ except by ! highe/ ( te/s--! ke5 feel+ atta9$ by ext5d$ k & long /udy4 ,two l9es are laid on canvas2 "o is "r & ano!r wrong4 ,!re is no diff]5ce betwe5 !m appreciable by ! compasses--none appreciable by ! ord9>y eye--none :i* c be po9t$ out1 if x is n se54 ,"o p]son feels x1--ano!r does n2 b ! feel+ or sight ( ! "o c by no words be communicat$ to ! o!r3 x w\ld be unju/ if x c\ld1 = t feel+ & sight h be5 ! rew>d ( ye>s ( labor4 ,& !re is1 inde$1 no?+ 9 ,turn]--n "o dot nor l9e--^: mean+ c be und]/ood )\t k2 because he nev] aims at s5sual impressions1 b at ! deep f9al tru?1 :i* only m$itation c discov]1 & only exp]i5ce recognize4 ,!re is no?+ done or omitt$ by him1 :i* does n imply su* a comp>ison ( ends1 su* rejection ( ! lea/ wor?y1 7z f> z !y are incompatible ) ! re/17 su* c>eful selection & arrangem5t ( all t c be unit$1 z c only be enjoy$ by m9ds capable ( go+ ?r\gh ! same process1 & discov]+ ! reasons = ! *oice4 ,&1 z !re is no?+ 9 8 works :i* c be enjoy$ )\t k1 s !re is no?+ 9 !m :i* k w n enable u to enjoy4 ,!re is no te/ ( our acqua9tance ) nature s absolute & unfail+ z ! degree ( admiration we feel = ,turn]'s pa9t+4 ,precisely z we are %all[ 9 our k1 vulg> 9 our feel+1 & contract$ 9 our views ( pr9ciples1 w ! works ( ?is arti/ be /umbl+-blocks or fooli%ness to u3--precisely 9 ! degree 9 :i* we are famili> ) nature1 con/ant 9 our obs]vation ( h]1 & enl>g$ 9 our und]/&+ ( h]1 w !y exp& be=e our eyes into glory & beauty4 ,9 e new insight :i* we obta9 into ! works ( ,god1 9 e new idea :i* we receive f ,8 creation1 we %all f9d ourselves possess$ ( an int]pretation & a guide to some?+ 9 ,turn]'s works :i* we _h n be=e und]/ood4 ,we may range ov] ,europe1 f %ore to %ore2 & f e rock t we tread ^u1 e sky t passes ov] our heads1 e local =m ( vegetation or ( soil1 we %all receive fre% illu/ration ( 8 pr9ciples--fre% confirmation ( 8 facts4 ,we %all feel1 :]ev] we g1 t he has be5 !re be=e u--:atev] we see1 t he has se5 & seiz$ be=e u3 & we %all at la/ cease ! inve/igation1 ) a well-gr\nd$ tru/1 t :atev] we h be5 unable to acc\nt =1 & :at we /ill dislike 9 8 works1 has reason = x1 & f\ndation l ! re/2 & t ev5 :]e he has fail$ or err$1 !re is a beauty 9 ! failure :i* none are able to equal1 & a dignity 9 ! error :i* none are wor?y to reprove4 ,sec4 #g4 ,8 =m] rank & progress4 ,sec4 #h4 ,/&+ ( 8 pres5t works4 ,_! my/]y is ! consequ5ce ( _! fullness4 ,!re has be5 m>k$ & con/ant progress 9 8 m9d2 he has n1 l "s few arti/s1 be5 )\t *ildhood2 8 c\rse ( /udy has be5 z evid5tly z x has be5 swiftly progressive1 & 9 diff]5t /ages ( ! /ruggle1 sometimes "o ord] ( tru?1 sometimes ano!r1 has be5 aim$ at or omitt$4 ,b f ! beg9n+ to ! pres5t height ( 8 c>e]1 he has nev] sacrific$ a great] tru? to a less4 ,z he advanc$1 ! previ\s k or atta9m5t 0 absorb$ 9 :at succe$$1 or ab&on$ only if incompatible1 & nev] ab&on$ )\t a ga92 & 8 pres5t works pres5t ! sum & p]fection ( 8 accumulat$ k1 deliv]$ ) ! impati5ce & passion ( "o :o feels too mu*1 & kn[s too mu*1 & has too little "t to say x 91 to pause = expression1 or pond] ov] 8 syllables4 ,!re is 9 !m ! obscurity1 b ! tru?1 ( prophecy2 ! in/9ctive & burn+ language1 :i* w\ld express less if x utt]$ m1 :i* is indi/9ct only by its fulness1 & d>k ) its abundant mean+4 ,he feels n[1 ) long-tra9$ vividness & ke5ness ( s5se1 too bitt]ly ! impot5ce ( ! h&1 & ! va9ness ( ! color to cat* "o %ad[ or "o image ( ! glory :i* ,god has reveal$ to him4 ,he has dwelt & commun$ ) nature all ! days ( 8 life2 he kn[s h] n[ too well1 he _c palt] ov] ! mat]ial littl5ess ( h] outw>d =m2 he mu/ give h] s\l1 or he has done no?+1 & he _c d ?is ) ! flax1 & ! e>?1 & ! oil4 ,i _c ga!r ! sunbeams out ( ! ea/1 or ,i w\ld make !m tell y :at ,i h se52 b read ?is1 & int]pret ?is1 & let u rememb] toge!r4 ,i _c ga!r ! gloom out ( ! night-sky1 or ,i w\ld make t tea* y :at ,i h se52 b read ?is1 & int]pret ?is1 & let u feel toge!r4 ,& if y h n t )9 y :i* ,i c summon to my aid1 if y h n ! sun 9 y\r _s1 & ! passion 9 y\r he>t1 :i* my words may awak51 ?\gh !y be indi/9ct & swift1 leave me2 = ,i w give y no pati5t mock]y1 no labori\s insult ( t glori\s nature1 ^: ,i am & :om ,i s]ve4 ,let o!r s]vants imitate ! voice & ! ge/ure ( _! ma/]1 :ile !y =get 8 message4 ,he> t message f me2 b rememb]1 t ! tea*+ ( ,div9e tru? mu/ /ill be a my/]y4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,conclusion4--,,mod]n ,,art ,,& ,,mod]n ,,criticism4 ,we h only1 9 conclusion1 to (f] a few g5]al rem>ks respect+ mod]n art & mod]n criticism4 ,sec4 #a4 ,! entire prom95ce hi!rto giv5 to ! works ( "o arti/ caus$ only by our n be+ able to take cognizance ( "*4 ,sec4 #b4 ,! feel+s ( diff]5t arti/s are incapable ( full comp>ison4 ,sec4 #c4 ,b ! fidelity & tru? ( ea* are capable ( real comp>ison4 ,sec4 #d4 ,especially because !y are equally manife/$ 9 ! treatm5t ( all subjects4 ,sec4 #e4 ,no man draws "o ?+ well1 if he c draw no?+ else4 ,we wi%1 9 ! fir/ place1 to remove ! appe>ance ( invidi\sness & p>tiality :i* ! con/ant prom95ce giv5 9 ! pres5t portion ( ! "w to ! productions ( "o arti/1 c sc>cely fail ( be>+ 9 ! m9ds ( mo/ read]s4 ,:5 we pass to ! exam9ation ( :at is beautiful & expressive 9 art1 we %all frequ5tly f9d di/9ctive qualities 9 ! m9ds ev5 ( inf]ior arti/s1 :i* h l$ !m to ! pursuit & embody+ ( p>ticul> tra9s ( ?\ght1 altoge!r diff]5t f ^? :i* direct ! compositions ( o!r m51 & incapable ( comp>ison ) !m4 ,n[1 :5 ?is is ! case1 we %\ld consid] x 9 ! highe/ degree bo? invidi\s & illogical1 to say ( su* diff]5t modes ( ex]tion ( ! intellect1 t "o is 9 all po9ts great] or nobl] ?an ano!r4 ,we %all probably f9d some?+ 9 ! work+ ( all m9ds :i* has an end & a p[] peculi> to itself1 & :i* is des]v+ ( free & full admiration1 )\t any ref]5ce :atsoev] to :at has1 9 o!r fields1 be5 accompli%$ by o!r modes ( ?\ght1 & directions ( aim4 ,we %all1 inde$1 f9d a wid] range & grasp 9 "o man ?an 9 ano!r2 b yet x w be our own fault if we d n discov] some?+ 9 ! mo/ limit$ range ( m9d :i* is diff]5t f1 & 9 its way bett] ?an1 any?+ pres5t$ to u by ! m grasp+ intellect4 ,we all "k t ! night+ale s+s m nobly ?an ! l>k2 b :o1 !re=e1 w\ld wi% ! l>k n to s+1 or w\ld d5y t x _h a "* ( its own1 :i* bore a "p among ! melodies ( creation no less ess5tial ?an t ( ! m ri*ly-gift$ bird8 ,& ?us we %all f9d & feel t :atev] diff]5ce may exi/ betwe5 ! intellectual p[]s ( "o arti/ & ano!r1 yet :]ev] !re is any true g5ius1 !re w be "s peculi> lesson :i* ev5 ! humble/ w tea* u m sweetly & p]fectly ?an ^? f> above !m 9 pr\d] attributes ( m9d2 & we %\ld be z mi/ak5 z we %\ld be unju/ & invidi\s1 if we refus$ to receive ?is _! peculi> message ) gratitude & v5]ation1 m]ely because x 0 a s5t5ce & n a volume4 ,b ! case is diff]5t :5 we exam9e _! relative fidelity to giv5 facts4 ,t fidelity dep5ds on no peculi> modes ( ?\ght or habits ( "*2 x is ! result ( ke5 s5sibility1 comb9$ ) high p[]s ( memory & association4 ,^! qualities1 z su*1 are ! same 9 all m52 "* or feel+ may direct _! *oice to ?is or t object1 b ! fidelity ) :i* !y treat ei!r ! "o or ! o!r1 is dep5d5t on ^? simple p[]s ( s5se & intellect :i* are l & comp>able 9 all1 & ( :i* we c always say t !y are great] 9 ?is man1 or less 9 t )\t ref]5ce to ! "* ( ! individual4 ,^? feel+s :i* direct ,cox to ! pa9t+ ( wild1 we$y banks1 & cool1 melt+ skies1 & ^? :i* direct$ ,b>ret to ! pa9t+ ( gl[+ foliage & melan*oly twilight1 are bo? j & beautiful 9 _! way1 & are bo? wor?y ( high praise & gratitude1 )\t necessity1 nay1 )\t prop] possibility ( comp>+ "o ) ! o!r4 ,b ! degree ( fidelity ) :i* ! leaves ( ! "o & ! light ( ! o!r are r5d]$1 dep5ds ^u faculties ( sight1 s5se1 & memory common to bo?1 & p]fectly comp>able2 & we may say fe>lessly1 & )\t inju/ice1 t "o or ! o!r1 z ! case may be1 is m fai?ful 9 t :i* !y h *os5 to repres5t4 ,x is also to be rememb]$ t ^! faculties ( s5se & memory are n p>tial 9 _! effect2 !y w n induce fidelity 9 ! r5d]+ ( "o class ( object1 & fail ( do+ s 9 ano!r4 ,!y act equally1 & ) equal results1 :atev] may be ! matt] subject$ to !m2 ! same delicate s5se :i* p]ceives ! utmo/ grace ( ! fibres ( a tree1 w be equally un]r+ 9 trac+ ! "* ( cl\d2 & ! quick memory :i* seizes & reta9s ! circum/ances ( a fly+ effect ( %ad[ or color1 w be equally effectual 9 fix+ ! impression ( ! in/antane\s =m ( a mov+ figure or a break+ wave4 ,!re are inde$ "o or two broad di/9ctions 9 ! nature ( ! s5ses1--a s5sibility to color1 = in/ance1 be+ v diff]5t f a s5sibility to =m2 s t a man may possess "o )\t ! o!r1 & an arti/ may succe$ 9 m]e imitation ( :at is be=e him1 ( air1 sunlight1 etc41 )\t possess+ s5sibility at all4 ,b :]ev] we h1 9 ! draw+ ( any "o object1 suffici5t evid5ce ( real intellectual p[]1 ( ! s5se :i* p]ceives ! ess5tial qualities ( a ?+1 & ! judgm5t :i* arranges !m s z to illu/rate ea* o!r1 we may be q c]ta9 t ! same s5se & judgm5t w op]ate equally on :atev] is subject$ to !m1 & t ! arti/ w be equally great & ma/]ly 9 8 draw+ ( all t he attempts4 ,h5ce we may be q sure t :]ev] an arti/ appe>s to be tru?ful 9 "o bran* ( art1 & n 9 ano!r1 ! app>5t tru? is ei!r ow+ to "s trick]y ( imitation1 or is n s great z we suppose x to be4 ,9 n9e cases out ( t51 p :o are celebrat$ = draw+ only "o ?+1 & c only draw "o ?+1 draw t "o ?+ worse ?an anybody else4 ,an arti/ may inde$ conf9e himself to a limit$ range ( subject1 b if he be really true 9 8 r5d]+ ( ?is1 8 p[] ( do+ m w be p]petually %[+ itself 9 accessories & m9or po9ts4 ,!re are few m51 = in/ance1 m limit$ 9 subject ?an ,hunt1 & yet ,i d n ?9k !re is ano!r man 9 ! old ,wat]-,color ,society1 ) s ke5 an eye = tru?1 or ) p[] s univ]sal4 ,& ?is is ! reason = ! exce$+ prom95ce :i* 9 ! =ego+ inve/igation "o or two arti/s h always assum$ ov] ! re/1 = ! habits ( accurate obs]vation & delicate p[]s ( h& :i* !y possess1 h equal effect1 & ma9ta9 ! same sup]iority 9 _! works1 to :atev] class ( subject !y may be direct$4 ,& ?us we h be5 compell$1 h[ev] unwill+ly1 to pass ha/ily by ! works ( _m gift$ m51 because1 h[ev] pure _! feel+1 or orig9al _! conceptions1 !y 7 want+ 9 ^? faculties ( ! h& & m9d :i* insure p]fect fidelity to nature3 x w be only h]eaft]1 :5 we are at lib]ty to take full cognizance ( ! ?\ght1 h[ev] feebly x may be clo!d 9 language1 t we %all be able to d real ju/ice to ! disciples ei!r ( mod]n or ( anci5t art4 ,sec4 #f4 ,g5]al conclusions to be d]iv$ f our pa/ inve/igation4 ,b z f> z we h gone at pres5t1 & ) respect only to ! mat]ial tru?1 :i* is all t we h be5 able to inve/igate1 ! conclusion to :i* we mu/ be l$ is z cle> z x is inevitable2 t mod]n arti/s1 z a body1 are f> m j & full 9 _! views ( mat]ial ?+s ?an any l&scape pa9t]s ^: works are extant--b t ,j4 ,m4 ,w4 ,turn] is ! only man :o has ev] giv5 an entire transcript ( ! :ole sy/em ( nature1 & is1 9 ?is po9t ( view1 ! only p]fect l&scape pa9t] :om ! _w has ev] se54 ,sec4 #g4 ,tru?1 a /&>d ( all excell5ce4 ,nor are we dispos$ to rec$e f our ass]tion made 9 ,sec4 ,i4 ,*4 ,i4 ,sec4 #aj1 t ?is mat]ial tru? is inde$ a p]fect te/ ( ! relative rank ( pa9t]s1 ?\gh x does n 9 itself con/itute t rank4 ,we %all be able to prove t tru? & beauty1 k & imag9ation1 inv>iably are associat$ 9 art2 & we %all be able to %[ t n only 9 tru? to nature1 b 9 all o!r po9ts1 ,turn] is ! greate/ l&scape pa9t] :o has ev] liv$4 ,b 8 sup]iority is1 9 matt]s ( feel+1 "o ( k9d1 n ( degree4 ,sup]iority ( degree implies a sup]s$+ ( o!rs1 sup]iority ( k9d only su/a9+ a m important1 b n m necess>y "p1 ?an o!rs4 ,if tru? 7 all t we requir$ f art1 all o!r pa9t]s might ca/ aside _! bru%es 9 despair1 = all t !y h done he has done m fully & accurately2 b :5 we pass to ! high] requirem5ts ( art1 beauty & "*1 _! contributions are all equally necess>y & desirable1 because diff]5t1 & h[ev] inf]ior 9 position or rank1 are /ill p]fect ( _! k9d2 _! inf]iority is only t ( ! l>k to ! night+ale1 or ( ! violet to ! rose4 ,sec4 #h4 ,mod]n criticism4 ,*angefulness ( public ta/e4 ,sec4 #i4 ,yet associat$ ) a c]ta9 degree ( judgm5t4 ,sec4 #aj4 ,duty ( ! press4 ,su* !n is ! rank & /&+ ( our mod]n arti/s4 ,we h1 liv+ ) u1 & pa9t+ = u1 ! greate/ pa9t] ( all "t2 a man ) ^: supremacy ( p[] no intellect ( pa/ ages c be put 9 comp>ison = a mom5t4 ,let u next inquire :at is ! rank ( our critics4 ,public ta/e1 ,i believe1 z f> z x is ! enc\rag] & support] ( art has be5 ! same 9 all ages1--a fitful & vacillat+ curr5t ( vague impression1 p]petually liable to *ange1 subject to epidemic desires1 & agitat$ by infecti\s passion1 ! slave ( fa%ion1 & ! fool ( fancy1 b yet always di/+ui%+ ) s+ul> cle>sight$ness1 betwe5 t :i* is be/ & t :i* is wor/ ( ! p>ticul> class ( food :i* its morbid appetite may call =2 nev] fail+ to di/+ui% t :i* is produc$ by intellect1 f t :i* is n1 ?\gh x may be intellect degrad$ by m9i/]+ to its misguid$ w4 ,public ta/e may ?us degrade a race ( m5 capable ( ! highe/ ef=ts 9 art into ! portrait pa9t]s ( ephem]al fa%ions1 b x w yet n fail ( discov]+ :o1 among ^! portrait pa9t]s1 is ! man ( mo/ m9d4 ,x w sep>ate ! man :o w\ld h become ,buon>oti f ! man :o w\ld h become ,b&9elli1 ?\gh x w employ bo? 9 pa9t+ curls1 & fea!rs1 & bracelets4 ,h5ce1 g5]ally speak+1 !re is no comp>ative inju/ice done1 no false elevation ( ! fool above ! man ( m9d1 provid$ only t ! man ( m9d w condesc5d to supply ! p>ticul> article :i* ! public *ooses to want4 ,( c\rse a ?\s& modify+ circum/ances int]f]e ) ! action ( ! g5]al rule2 b1 tak+ "o case ) ano!r1 we %all v con/antly f9d ! price :i* ! picture comm&s 9 ! m>ket a pretty fair /&>d ( ! arti/'s rank ( intellect4 ,! press1 !re=e1 & all :o pret5d to lead ! public ta/e1 h n s mu* to direct ! multitude :om to g to1 z :at to ask =4 ,_! bus9ess is n to tell u :i* is our be/ pa9t]1 b to tell u :e!r we are mak+ our be/ pa9t] d 8 be/4 ,sec4 #aa4 ,qualifications necess>y = dis*>g+ x4 ,sec4 #ab4 ,g5]al incapability ( mod]n critics4 ,sec4 #ac4 ,& inconsi/5cy ) !mselves4 ,n[ none are capable ( do+ ?is1 b ^? ^: pr9ciples ( judgm5t are bas$ bo? on ?or\gh practical k ( art1 & on broad g5]al views ( :at is true & "r1 )\t ref]5ce to :at has be5 done at "o "t or ano!r1 or 9 "o s*ool or ano!r4 ,no?+ c be m p]il\s to ! cause ( art1 ?an ! con/ant r++ 9 our pa9t]s' e>s ( ! names ( great pr$ecessors1 z _! examples or ma/]s4 ,i _h r he> a great poet1 entirely orig9al 9 8 feel+ & aim1 rebuk$ or malign$ = n be+ l ,wordswor? or ,col]idge1 ?an a great pa9t] criticis$ = n putt+ u 9 m9d ( ,claude or ,p\ss94 ,b su* ref]5ces to =m] excell5ce are ! only refuge & res\rce ( p]sons endeavor+ to be critics )\t be+ arti/s4 ,!y _c tell y :e!r a ?+ is "r or n2 b !y c tell y :e!r x is l some?+ else or n4 ,& ! :ole tone ( mod]n criticism--z f> z x is wor?y ( be+ call$ criticism--suffici5tly %[s x to proce$ entirely f p]sons altoge!r unv]s$ 9 practice1 & ignorant ( tru?1 b possess+ j en\gh ( feel+ to enjoy ! solemnity ( anci5t art1 :o1 n di/+ui%+ t :i* is really exalt$ & valuable 9 ! mod]n s*ool1 nor hav+ any j idea ( ! real ends or capabilities ( l&scape art1 consid] no?+ "r :i* is n bas$ on ! conv5tional pr9ciples ( ! anci5ts1 & no?+ true :i* has m ( nature 9 x ?an ( ,claude4 ,b x is /range t :ile ! noble & unequall$ works ( mod]n l&scape pa9t]s are ?us malign$ & misund]/ood1 our hi/orical pa9t]s--su* z we h--are p]mitt$ to p&] m fatally e ye> to ! vici\s ,engli% ta/e1 :i* c enjoy no?+ b :at is !atrical1 entirely un*a/is$1 nay1 enc\rag$ & laud$ by ! v m5 :o endeavor to hamp] our great l&scape pa9t]s ) rules d]iv$ f consecrat$ blund]s4 ,! v critic :o has j pass$ "o ( ! noble/ works ( ,turn]--t is to say1 a ma/]piece ( art1 to :i* ,"t c %[ no p>allel--) a ribald je/1 w yet /& gap+ 9 admiration be=e ! next piece ( dramatic glitt] & grimace1 sugge/$ by ! society1 & adorn$ ) ! appurt5ances ( ! gre5room1 :i* he f9ds hung l[ ^u ! wall z a brilliant example ( ! ideal ( ,engli% art4 ,x is natural en\gh inde$1 t ! p]sons :o are disgu/$ by :at is pure & noble1 %\ld be delight$ ) :at is vici\s & degrad$2 b x is s+ul> t ^? :o are con/antly talk+ ( ,claude & ,p\ss91 %\ld nev] ev5 pret5d to a ?\ght ( ,raffaelle4 ,we c\ld excuse !m = n compreh5d+ ,turn]1 if !y only w\ld apply ! same cut-&-dri$ criticisms :]e !y might be appli$ ) tru?1 & productive ( b5efit2 b we endure n ! paltry comp\nd ( ignorance1 false ta/e1 & pret5sion1 :i* assumes ! dignity ( classical feel+1 t x may be able to abuse :atev] is above ! level ( its und]/&+1 b bur/s into g5u9e rapture ) all t is m]etrici\s1 if suffici5tly adapt$ to ! calibre ( its compreh5sion4 ,sec4 #ad4 ,h[ ! press may really advance ! cause ( art4 ,to notice su* criticisms1 h[ev]1 is giv+ !m f> m importance ?an !y des]ve4 ,!y c lead none a/ray b ^? ^: op9ions are absolutely valueless1 & we did n beg9 ?is *apt] ) any int5t ( wa/+ our "t on ^! small critics1 b 9 ! hope ( po9t+ out to ! p]iodical press :at k9d ( criticism is n[ mo/ requir$ by our s*ool ( l&scape art1 & h[ x may be 9 _! p[]1 if !y w1 to regulate its impulses1 )\t *eck+ its en]gies1 & really to advance bo? ! cause ( ! arti/1 & ! ta/e ( ! public4 ,sec4 #ae4 ,morbid fondness at ! pres5t day = unf9i%$ works4 ,sec4 #af4 ,by :i* ! public defraud !mselves4 ,sec4 #ag4 ,& 9 p&]+ to :i*1 arti/s ru9 !mselves4 ,sec4 #ah4 ,necessity ( f9i%+ works ( art p]fectly4 ,"o ( ! mo/ morbid symptoms ( ! g5]al ta/e ( ! pres5t day1 is a too great fondness = unf9i%$ works4 ,brilliancy & rapidity ( execution are ev]y:]e s\ght z ! highe/ good1 & s t a picture be clev]ly h&l$ z f> z x is c>ri$1 little reg>d is paid to its imp]fection z a :ole4 ,h5ce "s arti/s are p]mitt$1 & o!rs compell$1 to conf9e !mselves to a mann] ( work+ altoge!r de/ructive ( _! p[]s1 & to tax _! en]gies1 n to conc5trate ! greate/ quantity ( ?\ght on ! lea/ possible space ( canvas1 b to produce ! greate/ quantity ( glitt] & claptrap 9 ! %orte/ possible "t4 ,to ! idl] & ! trick/] 9 art1 no sy/em c be m advantage\s2 b to ! man :o is really desir\s ( do+ some?+ wor? hav+ liv$ =--to a man ( indu/ry1 en]gy1 or feel+1 we believe x to be ! cause ( ! mo/ bitt] disc\ragem5t4 ,if ev]1 work+ ^u a favorite subject or a belov$ idea1 he is induc$ to tax 8 p[]s to ! utmo/1 & to sp5d z mu* "t ^u 8 picture z he feels necess>y = its p]fection1 he w n be able to get s high a price = ! result1 p]haps1 ( a twelvemon?'s ?\ght1 z he might h obta9$ = half-a-doz5 sket*es ) a =5oon's "w 9 ea*1 & he is compell$ ei!r to fall back ^u me*anism1 or to />ve4 ,n[ ! press %\ld especially endeavor to conv9ce ! public1 t by ?is pur*ase ( imp]fect pictures !y n only prev5t all progress & developm5t ( high tal5t1 & set trick/]s & me*anics on a level ) m5 ( m9d1 b defraud & injure !mselves4 ,= !re is no d\bt :atev]1 t1 e/imat$ m]ely by ! quantity ( pleasure x is capable ( convey+1 a well-f9i%$ picture is wor? to its possessor half-a-doz5 incomplete ones2 & t a p]fect draw+ is1 simply z a s\rce ( delight1 bett] wor? a hundr$ gu9eas ?an a draw+ half z f9i%$ is wor? ?irty4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! body ( our arti/s %\ld be kept 9 m9d1 t by indulg+ ! public ) rapid & unconsid]$ "w1 !y are n only depriv+ !mselves ( ! b5efit :i* ea* picture ought to r5d] to !m1 z a piece ( practice & /udy1 b !y are de/roy+ ! ref9em5t ( g5]al ta/e1 & r5d]+ x impossible = !mselves ev] to f9d a m>ket = m c>eful works1 suppos+ t !y 7 incl9$ to execute !m4 ,nor ne$ any s+le arti/ be afraid ( sett+ ! example1 & produc+ labor$ works1 at advanc$ prices1 among ! *eap1 quick draw+s ( ! day4 ,! public w soon f9d ! value ( ! complete "w1 & w be m ready to give a l>ge sum = t :i* is inexhau/ible1 ?an a quota ( x = t :i* !y are we>i$ ( 9 a mon?4 ,! arti/ :o nev] lets ! price comm& ! picture1 w soon f9d ! picture comm& ! price4 ,& x ought to be a rule ) e pa9t] nev] to let a picture leave 8 easel :ile x is yet capable ( improvem5t1 or ( hav+ m ?\ght put into x4 ,! g5]al effect is (t5 p]fect & pleas+1 & n to be improv$ ^u1 :5 ! details & facts are altoge!r imp]fect & unsatisfactory4 ,x may be difficult--p]haps ! mo/ difficult task ( art--to complete ^! details1 & n to hurt ! g5]al effect2 b until ! arti/ c d ?is1 8 art is imp]fect & 8 picture unf9i%$4 ,t only is a complete picture :i* has bo? ! g5]al :ol5ess & effect ( nature1 & ! inexhau/ible p]fection ( nature's details4 ,& x is only 9 ! ef=t to unite ^! t a pa9t] really improves4 ,by aim+ only at details1 he becomes a me*anic2 by aim+ only at g5]als1 he becomes a trick/]3 8 fall 9 bo? cases is sure4 ,two que/ions ! arti/ has1 !re=e1 always to ask himself1--fir/1 ,is my :ole "r8 ,secondly1 ,c my details be add$ to8 ,is !re a s+le space 9 ! picture :]e ,i c cr[d 9 ano!r ?\ght8 ,is !re a curve 9 x :i* ,i c modulate--a l9e :i* ,i c graduate--a vacancy ,i c fill8 ,is !re a s+le spot :i* ! eye1 by any pe]+ or pry+1 c fa?om or exhau/8 ,if s1 my picture is imp]fect2 & if1 9 modulat+ ! l9e or fill+ ! vacancy1 ,i hurt ! g5]al effect1 my art is imp]fect4 ,sec4 #ai4 ,sket*es n suffici5tly enc\rag$4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 ?\gh incomplete pictures ought nei!r to be produc$ nor pur*as$1 c>eful & real sket*es ought to be valu$ mu* m highly ?an !y are4 ,/udies 9 *alk1 ( l&scape1 %\ld =m a "p ( e ,exhibition1 & a room %\ld be allott$ to draw+s & designs ( figures 9 ! ,academy4 ,we %\ld be he>tily glad to see ! room :i* is n[ devot$ to bad draw+s ( incorporeal & imag9>y ar*itecture--( ?+s :i* nev] 71 & :i*1 ?ank ,heav56 nev] w be--occupi$ in/ead1 by c>eful /udies = hi/orical pictures2 n blots ( *i>oscuro1 b delicate outl9es ) ! p5 or crayon4 ,sec4 #bj4 ,brilliancy ( execution or ef=ts at inv5tion n to be tol]at$ 9 "y arti/s4 ,sec4 #ba4 ,! duty & aft] privileges ( all /ud5ts4 ,f "y arti/s1 9 l&scape1 no?+ ought to be tol]at$ b simple bona fide imitation ( nature4 ,!y h no bus9ess to ape ! execution ( ma/]s1--to utt] weak & disjo9t$ repetitions ( o!r m5's words1 & mimic ! ge/ures ( ! prea*]1 )\t und]/&+ 8 mean+ or %>+ 9 8 emotions4 ,we d n want _! crude ideas ( composition1 _! un=m$ conceptions ( ! ,beautiful1 _! unsy/ematiz$ exp]im5ts ^u ! ,sublime4 ,we scorn _! velocity2 = x is )\t direction3 we reject _! decision2 = x is )\t gr\nds3 we contemn _! composition2 = x is )\t mat]ials3 we reprobate _! *oice2 = x is )\t comp>ison4 ,_! duty is nei!r to *oose1 nor compose1 nor imag9e1 nor exp]im5talize2 b to be humble & e>ne/ 9 foll[+ ! /eps ( nature1 & trac+ ! f+] ( ,god4 ,no?+ is s bad a symptom1 9 ! "w ( "y arti/s1 z too mu* dext]ity ( h&l+2 = x is a sign t !y are satisfi$ ) _! "w1 & h tri$ to d no?+ m ?an !y 7 able to d4 ,_! "w %\ld be full ( failures2 = ^! are ! signs ( ef=ts4 ,!y %\ld keep to quiet colors--grays & br[ns2 &1 mak+ ! e>ly works ( ,turn] _! example1 z 8 late/ are to be _! object ( emulation1 %\ld g to nature 9 all s+l5ess ( he>t1 & walk ) h] labori\sly & tru/+ly1 hav+ no o!r ?\ghts b h[ be/ to p5etrate h] mean+1 & rememb] h] in/ruction1 reject+ no?+1 select+ no?+1 & scorn+ no?+2 believ+ all ?+s to be "r & good1 & rejoic+ always 9 ! tru?4 ,!n1 :5 _! memories are /or$1 & _! imag9ations f$1 & _! h&s firm1 let !m take up ! sc>let & ! gold1 give ! re9s to _! fancy1 & %[ u :at _! heads are made (4 ,we w foll[ !m :]ev] !y *oose to lead2 we w *eck at no?+2 !y are !n our ma/]s1 & are fit to be s4 ,!y h plac$ !mselves above our criticism1 & we w li/5 to _! words 9 all fai? & humility2 b n unless !y !mselves h be=e b[$1 9 ! same submission1 to a high] ,au?ority & ,ma/]4 ,sec4 #bb4 ,necessity among our great] arti/s ( m s+l5ess ( aim4 ,among our great] arti/s1 ! *ief want1 at ! pres5t day1 is t ( solemnity & def9ite purpose4 ,we h too mu* picture-manufactur+1 too mu* mak+ up ( lay figures ) a c]ta9 quantity ( foliage1 & a c]ta9 quantity ( sky1 & a c]ta9 quantity ( wat]1--a little bit ( all t is pretty1 a little sun1 & a little %ade1--a t\* ( p9k1 & a t\* ( blue1--a little s5tim5t1 & a little sublimity1 & a little humor1 & a little antiqu>ianism1--all v neatly associat$ 9 a v *>m+ picture1 b n work+ toge!r = a def9ite end4 ,or if ! aim be high]1 z 0 ! case ) ,b>rett & ,v>ley1 we are g5]ally put (f ) /ale repetitions ( et]nal composition2 a great tree1 & "s goats1 & a bridge & a lake1 & ! ,temple at ,tivoli1 etc4 ,n[ we %\ld l to see our arti/s work+ out1 ) all ex]tion ( _! conc5trat$ p[]s1 su* m>k$ pieces ( l&scape "* z might be> ^u !m ! impression ( solemn1 e>ne/1 & p]vad+ ?\ght1 def9itely direct$1 & aid$ by e accessory ( detail1 color1 & idealiz$ =m1 :i* ! discipl9$ feel+1 accumulat$ k1 & unsp>$ labor ( ! pa9t] c\ld supply4 ,i h allud$1 9 ! second preface1 to ! defici5cy ( our mod]n arti/s 9 ^! great po9ts ( e>ne/ness & complet5ess2 & ,i rev]t to x1 9 conclusion1 z _! p>am\nt fail+1 & "o fatal 9 _m ways to ! int]e/s ( art4 ,our l&scapes are all descriptive1 n reflective1 agreeable & conv]sational1 b n impressive nor didactic4 ,!y h no o!r f\ndation ?an ,t vivaci\s v]satility1 ,:i* _m p take = want ( he>t4 ,!y err2 'tis m]ely :at is call$ mobility2 ,a ?+ ( temp]am5t1 & n ( art1 ,?\gh seem+ s f its suppos$ facility4 99 99 99 99 99 ,?is makes y\r actors1 arti/s1 & romanc]s2 ,little t's great--b mu* ( :at is clev]4 ,only x is to be obs]v$ t--9 pa9t]s--?is vivacity is n always v]satile4 ,x is to be wi%$ t x 71 b x is no su* easy matt] to be v]satile 9 pa9t+4 ,%all[ness ( ?\ght insures n its v>iety1 nor rapidity ( production its orig9ality4 ,:atev] may be ! case 9 lit]ature1 facility is 9 art inconsi/5t ) inv5tion4 ,! arti/ :o cov]s mo/ canvas always %[s1 ev5 9 ! sum ( 8 works1 ! lea/ exp5diture ( ?\ght4#gi ,i h nev] se5 m ?an f\r works ( ,john ,lewis on ! walls ( ! ,wat]-,color ,exhibition2 ,i h c\nt$ =ty f o!r h&s2 b h f\nd 9 ! end t ! =ty 7 a multiplication ( "o1 & ! f\r a conc5tration ( =ty4 ,& !re=e ,i w\ld e>ne/ly plead ) all our arti/s1 t !y %\ld make x a law nev] to repeat !mselves2 = he :o nev] repeats himself w n produce an inord9ate numb] ( pictures1 & he :o limits himself 9 numb] gives himself at lea/ ! opportunity ( completion4 ,besides1 all repetition is degradation ( ! art2 x r$uces x f headwork to h&work2 & indicates some?+ l a p]suasion on ! "p ( ! arti/ t nature is exhau/ible or art p]fectible2 p]haps1 ev51 by him exhau/$ & p]fect$4 ,all copyi/s are contemptible1 b ! copyi/ ( himself ! mo/ s1 = he has ! wor/ orig9al4 ,sec4 #bc4 ,:at %\ld be _! g5]al aim4 ,let !n e picture be pa9t$ ) e>ne/ int5tion ( impress+ on ! spectator "s elevat$ emotion1 & exhibit+ to him "s "o p>ticul>1 b exalt$1 beauty4 ,let a real subject be c>efully select$1 9 itself sugge/ive (1 & replete )1 ?is feel+ & beauty2 let an effect ( light & color be tak5 :i* may h>monize ) bo?2 & a sky1 n inv5t$1 b recollect$1 79 fact1 all s-call$ inv5tion is 9 l&scape no?+ m ?an appropriate recollection--good 9 proportion z x is di/9ct47 ,!n let ! details ( ! =egr\nd be sep>ately /udi$1 especially ^? plants :i* appe> peculi> to ! place3 if any "o1 h[ev] unimportant1 occurs !re1 :i* occurs n else:]e1 x %\ld occupy a prom95t position2 = ! o!r details1 ! highe/ examples ( ! ideal =ms#hj or *>act]s :i* he requires are to be select$ by ! arti/ f 8 =m] /udies1 or fre% /udies made expressly = ! purpose1 leav+ z little z possible--no?+1 9 fact1 beyond _! connection & arrangem5t--to m]e imag9ation4 ,f9ally1 :5 8 picture is ?us p]fectly realiz$ 9 all its p>ts1 let him da% z mu* ( x out z he likes2 ?r[1 if he w1 mi/ ar\nd x--d>kness--or dazzl+ & confus$ light--:atev]1 9 fact1 impetu\s feel+ or vigor\s imag9ation may dictate or desire2 ! =ms1 once s labori\sly realiz$1 w come out :5ev] !y d occur ) a />tl+ & impressive tru?1 :i* ! unc]ta9ty 9 :i* !y are veil$ w enhance r ?an dim9i%2 & ! imag9ation1 /r5g!n$ by discipl9e & f$ ) tru?1 w a*ieve ! utmo/ ( creation t is possible to f9ite m9d4 ,! arti/ :o ?us works w soon f9d t he _c repeat himself if he w\ld2 t new fields ( ex]tion1 new subjects ( contemplation op5 to him 9 nature day by day1 & t1 :ile o!rs lam5t ! weakness ( _! inv5tion1 he has no?+ to lam5t b ! %ortness ( life4 ,sec4 #bd4 ,duty ( ! press ) respect to ! works ( ,turn]4 ,& n[ b "o ^w m1 respect+ ! great arti/ ^: works h =m$ ! *ief subject ( ?is treatise4 ,all ! greate/ qualities ( ^? works--all t is m5tal 9 !m1 has n yet be5 s mu* z t\*$ ^u4 ,none b _! lighte/ & lea/ ess5tial excell5ces h be5 prov$1 &1 !re=e1 ! en?usiasm ) :i* ,i speak ( !m mu/ necess>ily appe> ov]*>g$ & absurd4 ,x1 might1 p]haps1 h be5 m prud5t to h )held ! full expression ( x till ,i _h %[n ! full gr\nds = x2 b once writt51 su* expression mu/ rema9 till ,i h ju/ifi$ x4 ,&1 inde$1 ,i ?9k !re is en\gh1 ev5 9 ! =ego+ pages1 to %[ t ^! works are1 z f> z conc]ns ! ord9>y critics ( ! press1 above all animadv]sion1 & above all praise2 & t1 by ! public1 !y are n to be receiv$ z 9 any way subjects or matt]s ( op9ion1 b ( ,fai?4 ,we are n to approa* !m to be pleas$1 b to be taught2 n to =m a judgm5t1 b to receive a lesson4 ,our p]iodical writ]s1 !re=e1 may save !mselves ! tr\ble ei!r ( blam+ or prais+3 _! duty is n to pron\nce op9ions ^u ! "w ( a man :o has walk$ ) nature ?reescore ye>s2 b to impress ^u ! public ! respect ) :i* !y are to be receiv$1 & to make reque/ to him1 on ! "p ( ! p ( ,engl&1 t he w\ld n[ t\* no unimportant "w--t he w\ld n sp5d "t on slight or small pictures1 b give to ! nation a s]ies ( gr&1 consi/5t1 sy/ematic1 & complet$ poems4 ,we desire t he %\ld foll[ out 8 own ?\ghts & int5ts ( he>t1 )\t ref]5ce to any human au?ority4 ,b we reque/1 9 all humility1 t ^? ?\ghts may be s]i\sly & l(tily giv52 & t ! :ole p[] ( 8 unequall$ intellect may be ex]t$ 9 ! production ( su* works z may rema9 =ev] = ! tea*+ ( ! nations4 ,9 all t he says1 we believe2 9 all t he does we tru/4#ha ,x is !re=e t we pray him to utt] no?+ lightly--to d no?+ reg>dlessly4 ,he /&s ^u an em95ce1 f :i* he looks back ov] ! univ]se ( ,god1 & =w>d ov] ! g5]ations ( m54 ,let e "w ( 8 h& be a hi/ory ( ! "o1 & a lesson to ! o!r4 ,let ea* ex]tion ( 8 mighty m9d be bo? hymn & prophecy1--adoration1 to ! ,deity1--revelation to mank9d4 ,,footnotes #gi ,( c\rse ?is ass]tion does n ref] to ! diff]5ces 9 mode ( execution1 :i* enable "o pa9t] to "w fa/] or sl[] ?an ano!r1 b only to ! ex]tion ( m9d1 commonly manife/$ by ! arti/1 accord+ z he is sp>+ or prodigal ( production4 #hj ,talk ( improv+ nature :5 x is nature--,nons5se4--,e4 ,v4 ,ripp+ille4 ,i h n yet spok5 ( ! diff]5ce--ev5 9 :at we commonly call ,nature--betwe5 imp]fect & ideal =m3 ! /udy ( ?is difficult "q mu/1 ( c\rse1 be def]r$ until we h exam9$ ! nature ( our impressions ( beauty2 b x may n be out ( place "h to h9t at ! want ( c>e 9 _m ( our arti/s to di/+ui% betwe5 ! real "w ( nature & ! diseas$ results ( man's int]f]5ce ) h]4 ,_m ( ! works ( our greate/ arti/s h = _! subjects no?+ b hack$ & hewn remnants ( f>m-y>d vegetation1 br&$ root & bran*1 f _! bir?1 by ! prong & ! prun+-hook2 & ! feel+s once accu/om$ to take pleasure 9 su* abortions1 c sc>cely become p]ceptive ( =ms truly ideal4 ,i h j said 7#dbc7 t "y pa9t]s %\ld g to nature tru/+ly1--reject+ no?+1 & select+ no?+3 s !y %\ld2 b !y mu/ be c>eful t x is nature to :om !y g--nature 9 h] lib]ty--n z s]vant-(-all-"w 9 ! h&s ( ! agriculturi/1 nor /iff5$ into c\rt-dress by ! l&scape g>d5]4 ,x mu/ be ! pure1 wild volition & en]gy ( ! creation :i* !y foll[--n subdu$ to ! furr[1 & cicatriz$ to ! poll>d--n p]suad$ into proprieties1 nor pamp]$ into diseases4 ,let !m "w by ! torr5t-side1 & 9 ! =e/ %ad[s2 n by purl+ brooks & "u tonsile %ades4 ,x is impossible to ent] "h into discussion ( :at man c or _c d1 by assi/+ natural op]ations3 x is an intricate "q3 nor c ,i1 )\t anticipat+ :at ,i %all h h]eaft] to advance1 %[ h[ or :y x happ5s t ! racehorse is n ! arti/'s ideal ( a horse1 nor a prize tulip 8 ideal ( a fl[]2 b s x is4 ,z f> z ! pa9t] is conc]n$1 man nev] t\*es nature b to spoil2--he op]ates on h] z a b>b] w\ld on ! ,apollo2 & if he sometimes increases "s p>ticul> p[] or excell5ce1--/r5g? or agility 9 ! animal--tallness1 or fruitfulness1 or solidity 9 ! tree1--he inv>iably loses t balance ( good qualities :i* is ! *ief sign ( p]fect specific =m2 above all1 he de/roys ! appe>ance ( free volition & felicity1 :i*1 z ,i %all %[ h]eaft]1 is "o ( ! ess5tial *>act]s ( organic beauty4 ,until1 h[ev]1 ,i c ent] into ! discussion ( ! nature ( beauty1 ! only advice ,i c safely give ! "y pa9t]1 is to keep cle> ( clov]-fields & p>ks1 & to hold to ! unp5etrat$ =e/ & ! unfurr[$ hill4 ,!re he w f9d t e influ5ce is noble1 ev5 :5 de/ructive--t decay itself is beautiful1--& t1 9 ! elaborate & lovely composition ( all ?+s1 if at fir/ sight x seems less /udi$ ?an ! works ( m51 ! appe>ance ( ,art is only prev5t$ by ! pres5ce ( ,p[]4 ,nature nev] did betray ,! he>t t lov$ h]3 'tis h] privilege1 ,?r\gh all ! ye>s ( ?is our life1 to lead ,f joy to joy2 = %e c s in=m ,! m9d t is )9 u1 s impress ,) quietness & beauty1 & s fe$ ,) l(ty ?\ghts1 t nei!r evil tongues1 ,ra% judgm5ts1 nor ! sne]s ( selfi% m5 ,%all e'er prevail aga9/ u1 or di/urb ,our *e]ful fai?1 t all :i* we behold ,is full ( bless+s4 ,,wordswor?4 #ha ,x has be5 h9t$1 9 "s ( ! reviews ( ! ,second ,volume ( ?is "w1 t ! writ]'s respect = ,turn] has dim9i%$ s9ce ! above passage 0 writt54 ,he w\ld1 inde$1 h be5 des]v+ ( little att5tion if1 ) ! boldness manife/$ on ! prec$+ pages1 he _h advanc$ op9ions bas$ on s %all[ f\ndation z t ! c\rse ( ?ree ye>s c\ld effect modification ( !m4 ,he 0 ju/ifi$ by ! sudd5 accession ( p[] :i* ! great arti/ exhibit$ at ! p]iod :5 ?is volume 0 fir/ publi%$1 z well z by ! l[ /&>d ( ! criticism to :i* he 0 subject$1 9 claim+1 ) respect to 8 !n works1 a submission ( judgm5t1 great] inde$ ?an may g5]ally be accord$ to ev5 ! highe/ human intellect1 yet n great] ?an su* a ma/] might legitimately claim f su* critics2 & ! cause ( ! peculi> =m ( advocacy into :i* ! prec$+ *apt]s necess>ily fell1 has be5 already /at$ m ?an once4 ,9 ! foll[+ sections x became necess>y1 z !y treat$ a subject ( intricate relations1 & peculi> difficulty1 to obta9 a m g5]al view ( ! scope & op]ation ( art1 & to avoid all conclusions 9 any wise ref]able to ! /udy ( p>ticul> pa9t]s4 ,! read] w !re=e f9d1 n t l[] rank is attribut$ to ,turn]1 b t he is n[ comp>$ ) ! greate/ m51 & occupies 8 true position among ! mo/ noble ( all "t4 ,,po/script4 ,! above passage 0 writt5 9 ! ye> #ahdc2 too late4 ,x is true t soon aft] ! publication ( ?is "w1 ! abuse ( ! press1 :i* _h be5 direct$ aga9/ ,turn] ) unceas+ virul5ce dur+ ! production ( 8 noble/ works1 sank into timid animadv]sion1 or *ang$ into un9tellig5t praise2 b n be=e illness1 &1 9 "s degree1 mortification1 _h enfeebl$ ! h& & *ill$ ! he>t ( ! pa9t]4 ,?is ye> 7#ahea7 he has no picture on ! walls ( ! ,academy2 & ! ,times ( ,may #c;d says1 ,we miss ^? works ( ,,inspiration6 ,we miss6 ,:o misses8--,! populace ( ,engl& rolls by to we>y itself 9 ! great baza> ( ,k5s+ton1 little ?9k+ t a day w come :5 ^? veil$ ve/als & pranc+ amazons1 & goodly m]*&ise ( preci\s /ones & gold1 w all be =gott5 z ?\gh !y _h n be51 b t ! light :i* has fad$ f ! walls ( ! ,academy is "o :i* a million ( ,koh-i-,noors c\ld n rek9dle1 & t ! ye> #ahea w 9 ! f> future be rememb]$ less = :at x has display$ ?an = :at x has )drawn4 ,,d5m>k ,,hill1 ,june1 #ahea4 ,,end ,,( ,,! ,,fir/ ,,volume4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,corrections ,,made ,,to ,,! ,,orig9al ,,text4 ,page xiii3 'attack ( ! foll[+ colums' correct$ to 'columns'4 ,page lxiii3 7,table ( ,cont5ts7 ,sec4 #h4 ,monotony & falsehood444 #bci correct$ to #bcj4 ,page #cd3 'atta9$ ) great] porportional' correct$ to 'proportional'4 ,page #gd3 'exquisite tru?s ( specfic' correct$ to 'specific'4 ,page #hd3 '?+s z 9 ! "r exhbition' correct$ to 'exhibition'4 ,page #hi3 'man's work+ f nature comt9ually' *ang$ to 'cont9ually'4 ,page #adf3 ',b ,i all[ ?is inf]iority only ) respect to ! pa9t+s1' sup]flu\s comma omitt$4 ,page #bgg3 ',b ! vignette ( ,ao/a1 9 ! ,italy'1 '!' omitt$4 ,page #bha3 'lat]al *a9s sep>at$ rll' correct$ to 'all'4 ,footnote #da3 ,comma aft] ,esq *ang$ to p]iod4 ,footnote #gd3 'is above /at$ ref]s1 ?\gh\t' *ang$ to '?r\gh\t'4