,,! ,,langham ,,s]ies ,,an ,,illu/rat$ ,,collection ,,( ,,art ,,monographs ,,edit$ ,,by ,,selwyn ,,br9ton1 ,m4,a4 ,,! ,,langham ,,s]ies ,,( ,,art ,,monographs ,,edit$ ,,by ,,selwyn ,,br9ton1 ,m4,a4 ,vol4 ,i4--,,b>tolozzi ,,& ,,8 ,,pupils ,,9 ,,engl&4 ,by ,,selwyn ,,br9ton1 ,m4,a4 ,vol4 ,,ii4--,,col\r-,,pr9ts ,,( ,,japan4 ,by ,,edw>d ,f4 ,,/range1 ,assi/ant ,keep] 9 ! ,victoria & ,alb]t ,museum4 ,vol4 ,,iii4--,,! ,,illu/rators ,,( ,,montm>tre4 ,by ,,frank ,l4 ,,emanuel4 ,vol4 ,,iv4--,,augu/e ,,rod94 ,by ,,rudolf ,,dircks1 ,au?or ( ,v]isimilitudes1 ,! ,libretto1 c4 ,vol4 ,v4--,,v5ice ,,z ,,an ,,art ,,city4 ,by ,,alb]t ,,za*]4 ,vol4 ,,vi4--,,london ,,z ,,an ,,art ,,city4 ,by ,mrs4 ,,/eu>t ,,ersk9e1 ,au?or ( ,lady ,diana ,beaucl]k1 c4 ,vol4 ,,vii4--,,nuremb]g4 ,by ,h4 ,,uhde-,,b]nays4 ,vol4 ,,viii4--,,! ,,eighte5? ,,c5tury ,,9 ,,engli% ,,c>icature4 ,by ,,selwyn ,,br9ton1 ,m4,a41 ,au?or ( ,b>tolozzi & 8 ,pupils 9 ,engl&1 c4 ,9 ,prep>ation ,,rome ,,z ,,an ,,art ,,city ,,& ,,italian ,,ar*itecture ,^! volumes w be arti/ically pres5t$ & pr(usely illu/rat$1 bo? ) col\r plates & photogravures1 & neatly b\nd 9 art canvas4 #as4 #f;d4 net1 or 9 lea!r1 #bs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,recruits4 ,by ,h4 ,w4 ,bunbury4 ,,! ,,eighte5? ,,c5tury ,,9 ,,engli% ,,c>icature ,,by ,,selwyn ,,br9ton1 ,m4,a41 ,au?or ( ,,b>tolozzi ,,& ,,8 ,,pupils ,,9 ,,engl&1 ,,etc4 ,a4 ,,siegle #b ,,langham ,,place1 ,,london1 ,w4 #aijd ,to ,fri5ds beyond ! ,seas ?is ,/udy ,( a ,common ,h]itage 9 ,engli% ,art ,all rights res]v$ ,,cont5ts ,page ,i4 ,,introductory #a ,,ii4 ,,! ,,com$y ,,( ,,vice #h ,,iii4 ,,! ,,com$y ,,( ,,society #bi ,,iv4 ,,! ,,com$y ,,( ,,politics #ed ,v4 ,,! ,,com$y ,,( ,,life #gd ,,illu/rations ,,recruits4 ,by ,h5ry ,william ,bunbury ,frontispiece ,,%rimp]s 7,tail-piece74 ,by ,?omas ,r[l&son ,page #g ,,morn+4 ,by ,william ,hog>? ,fac+ page #aj ,,! ,,di/re/ ,,poet4 ,by ,william ,hog>? #ab ,,m>riage ,,la ,,mode4 ,by ,william ,hog>? #bj ,,! ,,family ,,piece4 ,by ,h4 ,w4 ,bunbury #db ,a ,,fa%ionable ,,salutation4 ,by ,h4 ,w4 ,bunbury #dh ,,lumps ,,( ,,pudd+4 ,by ,h4 ,w4 ,bunbury ,page #ec ,,britannia ,,betwe5 ,,dea? ,,& ,,! ,,doctors4 ,by ,james ,gillray ,fac+ page #fd ,,arm$ ,,h]oes4 ,by ,james ,gillray #ff ,,buonap>te ,,z ,,k+-,,mak]4 ,by ,james ,gillray #fh ,,nelson ,,recruit+ ,,) ,,8 ,,brave ,,t>s ,,aft] ,,! ,,battle ,,( ,,! ,,nile4 ,by ,?omas ,r[l&son #hb ,,filial ,,affection7,col\r-pr9t74 ,by ,?omas ,r[l&son #hf ,a ,,ball ,,at ,,! ,,hackney ,,assembly ,,rooms4 ,by ,?omas ,r[l&son #ij ,a ,,!atrical ,,c&idate4 ,by ,?omas ,r[l&son #ib ,,old ,,joseph ,,nollek5s ,,& ,,8 ,,v5us4 ,by ,?omas ,r[l&son #id ,i ,,introductory ,! ^w ,c>icature does n l5d itself easily to precise def9ition4 ,etymologically x connects itself ) ! ,italian c>ic>e1 to load or *>ge1 ?us correspond+ precisely 9 d]ivation ) its ,fr5* equival5t ,*>ge2 &--save a yet e>li] ref]5ce 9 ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne--x fir/ appe>s1 z f> z ,i am aw>e1 9 t phrase ( ,no4 #ecg ( ! ,spectator1 ,^? burlesque pictures :i* ! ,italians call c>acaturas4 ,putt+ ! dry bones ( etymology f our ?\ght ! ess5ce1 ! life-blood ( ! ?+ itself1 is surely ?is--! human creature's amusem5t ) itself & its environm5t1 & its expression ( t amusem5t ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! pla/ic arts4 ,s t our c>acatura1 our burlesque picture ( life1 /&s on ! same basis z com$y or satire1 is1 9 fact1 b com$y or satire f9d+ its outlet 9 ano!r =m ( expression4 ,& ?is is s true t :]ev] we f9d brilliant or tr5*ant satire ( life !re we may be sure1 too1 t c>icature is n f> abs5t4 ,pauson's grotesques are ! correlative ( ! ,com$ies ( ,ari/ophanes2 & :5 ! developm5t ( bo? is n correlative1 n simultane\s1 x is surely because "o or o!r has be5 *eck$ by political or social conditions1 :i* h be5 inh]5tly antagoni/ic to its gr[?4 ,^? conditions--fav\rable or antagoni/ic--x becomes "p ( our inquiry at ?is po9t to exam9e4 ,we h ?is to ask1 ev5 grant+ t our burlesque picture is a natural1 almo/ a necess>y1 accompanim5t ( human life1--0 f\nd1 we may q safely assume1 9 ! cave-dwell+ ( primitive man1 :o probably satiris$ ) a fl9t ^u its walls ^? tr\blesome neighb\rs ( 81 ! mammo? & ! mega!rium1--pe]s out ^u u f ! complex culture ( ! ,roman _w 9 ! clumsy graffito ( ! ,crucifixion1--em]ges 9 ! ,middle ,ages 9 a turbul5t gr[? ( grotesque1 :]e9 ^? grim figures ( ,dea? or ,devil move ?r\gh a maze ( imag]y (t5 qua9t & fanta/ic1 sometimes obsc5e or t]rible--takes a fre% />t 9 ! ,passionals ( ,lucas ,crana*1 & c be trac$ 9 ,engl& ?r\gh h] ,rebellion & ,re/oration up to ! v conf9es ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,:y1 we h to ask1 ev5 grant+ t ,william ,hog>?'s mon/] ,c>icatura is ?us omnivor\s & omnipres5t1 does he t[] al(t 9 "s c\ntries & "u "s conditions to ! maje/y ( a new art1 & 9 o!rs dw9dle d[n to puny ridicule8 ,tak+ ! special subject ( ?is little volume1 ! eighte5? c5tury itself1 we f9d little to int]e/ u 9 ,fr5* pictorial satire until t mon/r\s gr[? ( political c>icature creat$ by ! ,revolution4 ,italy 9 ! same p]iod has b little to (f] u1 ,g]many z little or less2 & x is to ,engl& t we mu/ turn = ! pictorial hum\r1 :e!r social or political1 ( t int]e/+ epo*4 ,& ?is because ! ,engl& ( t "t is a self-consci\s creature1 em]g5t f a successful /ruggle = fre$om1 & /rong en\gh to enjoy a he>ty laugh--ev5 at h] own exp5se4 ,:ile ! ,ba/ille /ill fr[ns ov] ,france1 ! ,inquisition & ! ,jesuits are an incubus ^u ,spa9 & ,italy1 :ile ,g]many is split up into little pr9cipalities1 ,duk$oms1 ,bi%oprics1 ,palat9ates1 ,engl& has already won = h]self ! great boon ( fre$om ( ?\ght1 fre$om ( spee*1 fre$om ( religi\s & political op9ion4 ,! satiri/ c\ld "h f9d expression & appreciation4 ,! bir? ( ! pictorial satiri/ :o is ! subject ( my fir/ *apt] co9cides pretty closely ) ! creation ( t ,tale ( a ,tub1 ( :i* ,dean ,swift1 9 all ! rip5ess ( 8 lat] tal5t1 exclaim$3 ,good ,god6 :at g5ius ,i _h :5 ,i wrote t book2 & no pr9t f ! arti/'s grav]--ev5 8 ,/ages ( ,cruelty1 or 8 ,play]s dress+ 9 a ,b>n--c\ld excel 9 co>s5ess ( fibre ! great satiri/'s ,/rephon & ,*loe4 ,! p5 ( ,swift & ! grav] ( ,hog>? 9 ! e>ly eighte5? c5tury f\nd 9 ,engl& conditions n v dissimil> to ^? :i* await$ ,philipon & ,honor ,daumi]#a 9 ,p>is ( ! e>ly n9ete5? c5tury--t is1 a public :i* _h come ?r\gh a p]iod ( int5sely active political exi/5ce to a complete & complex self-consci\sness1 & :i* enjoy$ 7j z 9 ,p>is ,la ,c>icature1 :5 suppress$1 f\nd a spe$y successor 9 ,le ,*>iv>i7 suffici5t political fre$om to r5d] criticism a possibility4 ,& f ,hog>? ?r\gh ,s&by & ,say] & ,woodw>d to ,h5ry ,william ,bunbury1 & onw>ds to t giant ( political satire1 ,james ,gillray1 & 8 vigor\s contempor>y ,?omas ,r[l&son1 :at a fea/ ( mat]ial is spread be=e u2 :at an insight we may ga91 n only into co/ume1 mann]s1 social life1 b into ! detail$ political developm5t ( a f]tile & fasc9at+ p]iod ( hi/ory4 ,9 ! e>li] age ,hog>? is ready to pres5t ! v ,london ( 8 "t 9 ! leve & draw+-room1 9 ! vice & extravagance ( ! ri*1 9 ! indu/ri\s & ?riv+ citiz51 & ^? l[e/ haunts :]e crime hop$ to lurk undi/urb$4 ,9 ! c5tury's close ,gillray's p5cil notes e *ange ( ! political kaleidoscope4 ,9 8 pr9ts we seem almo/ to he> ! muffl$ ro> ( ! ,p>isian mob1 clamor\s = m blood 9 ^? days ( ,t]ror2 or we wat* ! giant =ms ( ,pitt & ,buonap>te front+ ea* o!r z ! /rife comes ne>] home to ,brita94 ,to attempt )9 ! limits ( ?is little volume to exhau/ a subject s ri* 9 magnific5t mat]ial w\ld be obvi\sly impossible4 ,all t is p]mitt$ me "h by imp]ative limits ( space is a sket*1 :]e my matt] tempts me sorely to a compreh5sive /udy4 ,yet ev5 ! sket* may claim = itself a place beside ! f9i%$ "w ( art1 if--:ile omitt+ ! detail :i* x 0 unable to include--x has yet secur$ = u ! ma9 outl9es1 ! sw+ ( ! figure1 ! balance ( light & %ad[1 ! sweep & spac+ ( ! horizon2 j z ! mass$ cl\ds 9 a ,con/able /udy c give u z ke5 arti/ic pleasure z ! ,valley ,f>m1 or 8 ,salisbury ,ca!dral4 ,& ?us ,i h attempt$ "h n s mu* ! hi/ory ( ! m51 ! catalogue ( _! a*iev$ "w--int]e/+ or valuable ?\gh su* a hi/ory or catalogue might be--z to %[ ! _s ( ! age itself reflect$ mo/ fai?fully1 ev5 :5 x seems mo/ c>icatur$ or burlesqu$1 by _! bru% or grav] or p5cil2 to wat* ! grotesque visage & ignoble =m ( ,vice trac$ by ,hog>?'s g5ius f ! homes ( ,london's luxury to h] d5s ( hidd5 crime2 to /udy ! m ref9$1 if some:at weak]1 social satire ( ,h5ry ,william ,bunbury2 to admire ^? magnific5t political c>toons ( ,james ,gillray--colossal & ov]:elm+1 ev5 9 _! brutality or obsc5ity2 & f9ally1 to lose ourselves 9 ! luxuriant & liv+ gr[? ( ,?omas ,r[l&son's p5cil1 recreat+ = u ! features ( an age t 01 l himself1 vigor\s1 buoyant1 & expansive1--t true ,age ( ,c>icature1 :i* is also kn[n z ! ,eighte5? ,c5tury4 7,illu/ration )\t caption7 ,%rimp]s4 ,,ii ,,! ,,com$y ,,( ,,vice ,! eighte5? c5tury1 :i* 0 to witness ! magnific5t &1 9 its own way1 unequall$ a*ievem5t ( ,engli% art 9 ! pa9t+s ( ,reynolds1 ,romney1 ,ga9sbor\gh1 ,hoppn]2 9 ! engrav+s ( ,b>tolozzi1 ,dalton1 ,john ,raphael ,smi?1 & ,william ,h5ry ,ryl&2 9 ! c>icatures1 :i* we h j not$1 ( ,bunbury1 ,r[l&son1 & ,gillray1 0 to op51 n inappropriately1 ) ! appe>ance & spe$y recognition ( a v individual & v *>act]i/ic g5ius--) ! pictur$ com$ies ( ,william ,hog>?4 ,a fir/ survey ( my subject l$ me = a mom5t to d\bt h[ f> my title w\ld cov] ! creations ( t incomp>able hum\ri/4 ,he is1 inde$1 m ?an c>icaturi/ 9 ! s5se 9 :i* we %all use ?is t]m ( 8 arti/ic successors4 ,8 pictur$ moralities teem ) portraits drawn f ! v life4 ,he is a satiri/1 z mordant & m]ciless z ,juv5al1 or1 9 8 own day1 ! t]rible ,dean ( ,/4 ,patrick's2 f 8 h\se 9 ,leice/] ,fields he looks out ^u ! ,london ( 8 day1 & probes ) 8 remorseless bru% or grav] to ! hidd5 roots ( its follies1 its vices1 & crimes4 ,he may be said to h creat$1 says "o ( 8 e>ly biograph]s1#b a new species ( pa9t+1 :i* may be t]m$ ! moral comic2 mean+1 !reby1 t ! in/9ctive hum\r ( ! man's art is g5]ally 7n1 z we %all see1 always7 direct$ to "s moral purpose1 "s lesson ( conduct to be !nce d]iv$4 ,t is j :]e ,hog>? connects himself1 inevitably & intimately1 ) ! ,puritan ,engl& :i* _h prec$$ him4 ,n = no?+ _h t c5tury1 into ^: la/ ye>s he 0 born1 se5 ! great upris+ ( ,puritan ,engl&1--! /ruggle = civil & political lib]ty1 & its a*ievem5t1--! ,ironsides ( ,cromwell ) ,bible & uplift$ sword4 ,t int5sity ( moral & spiritual conviction1 t e>ne/ness ab\t life & its issues 0 yet 9 ! nation's blood1 & mu/ f9d "s outlet 9 ! return+ _w ( art1 :i* its own au/]ity _h bani%$2 b1 9 ano!r s5se1 m>k h[ truly ,hog>? connects himself ) ! lat] c>icaturi/s ( ! com+ age4 ,by ,william ,hog>? ,,morn+ ,beauty does n ent] into 8 art1--mo/ ( all 9 t highe/ s5se ( pla/ic beauty ( =m1 :i* ! great ,italians _h s int5sely felt1 :i* ! great ,engli% s*ool1 upris+ 9 8 own day1 0 9 "s measure to recov]4 ,at mo/ a comely buxom w5* /eals sometimes slyly into 8 canvas or copp]-plate--! two s]vant-maids 9 8 pr9t ( ,morn+ at ,cov5t ,g>d51 :om ! roy/]]s turn+ out f ,tom ,k+'s c(fee-h\se are kiss+ 9 ! ,piazza2 ! demure & pretty ,miss ,we/1 look+ ov] a jo9t hymn book ) ! amor\s--b indu/ri\s--appr5tice2 or t coy m9x--mo/ delici\s ( !m all--:o has j doz$ (f amid ,! ,sleep+ ,congregation1 ) h] pray]-book op5$ at ! fasc9at+ page ( ,matrimony1 & to ^: luxuriant *>ms ( face & =m ! eyes ( ! fat old cl]k are /eal?ily direct$4 ,to ,hog>? ^! are ! incid5ts1 n ! inspiration1 ( 8 art4 ,lavat]1 t ke5 obs]v]1 aim$ ne> to ! m>k :5 he wrote3 ,il ne faut pas att5dre beauc\p de noblesse de ,hog>?4 ,le vrai beau n'toit gure la porte de ce pe9tre4 ,x is1 inde$1 "o ( ! unconsci\s ironies ( art hi/ory t ! arti/1 ^: "w %[s lea/ ( its influ5ce or attraction1 %\ld h devot$ ! "o (fspr+ ( 8 p5 to an ,analysis ( ,beauty4 ,b x is :5 we turn to ! hum\r ( life1 ev5 9 its mo/ sordid trag$ies1 t 8 real /r5g? appe>s4 ,quelle ri*esse inexprimable--says ,lavat] aga91 & no less ju/ly--dans les scnes comiques ou morales de la vie4 ,none l ,hog>? has *>act]is$ ! l[e/ types ( mod]n humanity1 has bett] depict$ ! drunk5 habits ( ! dregs ( ! p1 ! follies ( life1 & ! horrors ( vice4 ,& x is j "h1 z ,i h h9t$1 t ,hog>? connects himself ) ! lat] c>icaturi/s4 ,x 7 q possible to treat a purely moral /ory1 su* z t ( ,! ,indu/ri\s & ! ,idle ,appr5tice1 9 a purely moral s5tim5t2 b ?is is j :at our arti/ _c br+ himself to d4 ,he mu/ h t t\* ( nature1 & ( hum\r1 :i* makes ! :ole _w k94 ,he mu/ introduce ! qu>rell+ cat & dog into ! (fice sc5e betwe5 ,we/ & ,good*ild1 or ! fel9e visitant ^: app>ition ?r\gh ! *imney di/urbs ,?omas ,idle's unhall[$ slumb]s2 he mu/ acc5tuate ! gorm&is+ gue/s 9 ! ,%]iff's banquet1 & ! hum\rs ( ! cr[d ev5 9 a ,tyburn execution4 ,& 9 o!r subjects--:]e ! moral lesson is ei!r abs5t or less intrusive--! man's fancy runs absolutely riot 9 humor\s obs]vation4 ,! ,di/ress$ ,poet1 ) ! baby squall+ 9 8 b$1 ! poor wife /it*+ at 8 solit>y pair ( bree*es1 & a /rapp+ milkmaid clam\r+ = paym5t ( h] acc\nt2 ,! ,enrag$ ,musician1 ) e conceivable p&emonium ( noise congregat$ b5ea? 8 w9d[2 above all1 ,! ,sleep+ ,congregation1 collect$ 9 a conv5ticle ( v e>ly ,georgian design1 & unanim\sly occupi$ 9 c>ry+ out ! precept ( _! rev]5d pa/or's text1 ,come unto me 444 & ,i w give ,re/--save only ^? two vigilant old ladies1 p]haps pill>s ( ! edifice1 & ! cl]k to ^: int]e/ 9 ! sleep+ nymph ( ! next pew ,i h already allud$--are /udies 9 pure hum\r4 ,by ,william ,hog>? ,,! ,,di/re/ ,,poet ,b to multiply examples ( ,hog>?'s hum\r w\ld come v ne> to catalogu+ 8 e "w4 ,let u turn n[ f t "w to ! man himself1 & /udy some?+ ( ^? conditions ( life ( :i* 8 g5ius gives u our mo/ vivid impress4 ,william ,hog>? 0 born 9 #afig or #afih1 9 ,london1 b ( a ,we/morl& family 7,hogg>d w\ld seem to h be5 ! e>li] spell+71 "o memb] ( :i*1 ! arti/'s fa!r1 aft] work+ z a s*oolma/] 9 ,we/morl&1 _h settl$ 9 ,london z corrector ( ! ,press4 ,he mu/ h be5 a man ( "s education1 s9ce we he> ( a ,lat9-,engli% ,diction>y ( 8 composition1 ?\gh !re seems "s unc]ta9ty z to :e!r x ev] got beyond ! initial /age ( ,,ms42 & 8 son ,william 0 e>ly 9 life b\nd 'pr5tice to a silv]smi? nam$ ,gamble1 8 bus9ess be+ to le>n ! grav+ ( arms & ciph]s ^u plate4 ,8 m>vell\s gift = c>icature soon %[$ itself2 & a tav]n qu>rel at ,highgate seems to h af=d$ subject = an e>ly manife/ation ( 8 tal5t 9 ?is direction4 ,z ! p]iod ( 8 'pr5tice%ip came to its close he ent]$ an ,academy ( draw+ 9 ,/4 ,m>t9's ,lane1 :]e he may h come "u ,sir ,james ,?ornhill's notice2 b seems to h fail$ to %[ any exceptional pr(ici5cy 9 8 life /udies4 ,=m1 we h se5 already1 lay outside--9 c]ta9 manife/ations entirely outside--! peculi> limits ( 8 temp]am5t4 ,%op-bills & coats-(-arms 7 probably ! ma9/ay ( 8 livelihood at ?is p]iod1 ?\gh plates = books 7 beg9n+1 little by little1 to come 9 8 way2 b :5 9 #agcj he cl&e/9ely m>ri$ ! daught] ( ,sir ,james ,?ornhill1 ! ,c\rt pa9t] 0 s inc5s$ at ?is msalliance t he refus$ ! "y c\ple any ackn[l$gm5t4 ,x 0 at ?is v "t t ,hog>? creat$ 8 fir/ "w ( individual g5ius 9 t sup]b s]ies ( plates to :i* he gave ! "n ( ,! ,h>lot's ,progress2 & x is said t ,lady ,?ornhill design$ly plac$ "o ( ! plates 9 h] husb&'s way1 only to elicit ! grudg+ praise (3 ,! man :o c produce ^! c also ma9ta9 a wife )\t a portion4 ,b ! ice 0 brok51 & ! ensu+ ?aw l$ to a complete reconciliation4 ,sir ,james ,?ornhill treat$ 8 daught] & son-9-law m g5]\sly1 & liv$ ) !m 9 future till 8 dea? 9 #agcc4 ,at ! same "t ! ,s]ies :i* _h br\ght ab\t dome/ic reconciliation1 _h also br\ght fame & =tune to ! arti/4 ,! ?ird sc5e ( ! ,progress1 9 :i* ! err+ girl is arre/$1 conta9$1 x w\ld seem1 a clev] portrait ( ,sir ,james ,gonson1 a magi/rate ^: en]gies 7 fam\s 9 ?is direction4 ,! pr9t is pass$ ar\nd at a meet+ ( ! ,bo>d ( ,treasury1 at :i* ,sir ,james is pres5t2 e ,"l mu/ repair to ! pr9t-%op1 to obta9 = himself a copy2 ! vogue 0 />t$1 & twelve hundr$ subscrib]s ent]$ _! names = ! ,s]ies1 ! price ( ea* set be+ "o gu9ea4 ,william ,hog>? 0 n[ well />t$ 9 8 c>e] ( fame2 & des]v$ly s1 = 9 "s respects ,! ,h>lot's ,progress is "o ( ! mo/ *>act]i/ic & ! mo/ brilliant ( 8 creations4 ,its popul>ity 0 imm5se & in/antane\s2 x 0 play$ 9 pantomime1 & reproduc$ on ladies' fans4 ,b if he did n surpass ! g5ius ( 8 fir/ inv5tion he c]ta9ly came v close to x1 bo? 9 ! ,rake's ,progress & 9 8 ,m>riage la ,mode4 ,ea* ( ^! ,s]ies1 z well z t ( ! ,indu/ri\s & ,idle ',pr5tices are complete /ories1 work$ out to _! dnom5t-- trag$ies1 "o might say1 writt5 ) a burlesque p5cil1 ( eighte5?-c5tury life4 ,& if ! note /ruck seem sometimes too insi/5t1 if ! ,indu/ri\s "o be too sleek1 too self-complac5t1 ! prodigal too imm]s$ 9 s5sual folly & indulg5ce2 if ! blacks seem too black1 & ! :ites too :ite1 & ^? half-tones :i* accord ! values ( life be g5]ally miss+2 if a m ref9$ age dem&s a subtl] analysis1 a m arti/ic treatm5t1 c we yet d5y ! tru? & necessity ( ! et]nal lesson8 ,h we yet rea*$1 or %all we ev] rea*1 an age 9 :i* ineptitude1 insol5ce1 idl5ess1 fail to "w out _! inevitable resultant8 ,or is x less true = u ?an = ^? e>li] ages--! message :i* ! writ] ( t magnific5t ?irty-eigh? ,psalm reit]ates1 z ?\gh he w\ld drive deep into our s\ls its la/+ v]ity4 ,put ?\ ?y tru/ 9 ! ,"l & be do+ good2 dwell 9 ! l& & v]ily ?\ %all be f$4 ,delight ?\ 9 ! ,"l2 & he %all give !e ?y he>t's desire4444 ,yet a little :ile & ! ungodly %all be clean gone 444 ! ,"l %all laugh him to scorn1 = he ha? se5 t 8 day is com+4 ,j z insi/5t1 j z c]ta9 ( 8 conclud+ v]dict z ! ,psalmi/ is ! eighte5?-c5tury engrav] & humori/4 ,ev5 8 own day may already h se5 ! ungodly set high above m5 9 social position1 quot$ ) respect 9 f9ancial circles1 p]haps ev5 a regul> att5dant at ! local conv5ticle1--fl\ri%+1 9 %ort1 to quote t inimitable phrase ( ! same ,psalmi/1 l a gre5 bay-tree2 b he1 at lea/ w admit no d\bt ( ! ultimate conclusion4 ,9 all 8 del9eation1 says ,mr4 ,au/9 ,dobson1#c ) f9e insight1 z 9 t fam\s design ( ,prudhon1 we see ,ju/ice & ,v5geance foll[+ h>d ^u ! crim9al4 ,he knew1 no d\bt1 z well z we1 t n seldom 7humanly speak+7 ! innoc5t are puni%$ & ! guilty g at l>ge4 ,:at matt]6 t message %\ld n be prea*$ by him at any rate4 ,s he drew 8 ',bogey' bigg] 444 & drove 8 grav] deep] 9 ! copp]4 ,yet x is to be not$ t f ! fir/ 8 g5ius is attract$ to social satire4 ,! ,masqu]ades & ,op]as1 ,burl+ton ,gate1 #agbd 7:i* he calls 9 8 own notes ,! ,ta/e ( ! ,times7--! fir/ plate :i* he publi%$ on 8 own acc\nt1--0 popul> en\gh to be freely pirat$4 ,! ,wan/ead ,assembly br+s him close to ! lat] c>icaturi/s2 ,! ,burn+ ( ,rumps %[s u a ,london cr[d beside old ,temple ,b>1 ) its gha/ly trophies ( ,jacobite relics2 & all ^! lead up to 8 lat] success 9 ! two ,progresses & ! ,m>riage ,s]ies4 ,9 #agcc he _h settl$ 9 8 h\se 9 ,leice/] ,fields1 ) its gilt sign ( ! ,gold5 ,head--! sign :i* he _h fa%ion$ & gild$ himself1 9 ! similitude ( ! pa9t] ,van ,dyck2 & "h ! mo/ ( 8 life 0 to be sp5t1 v>i$ by visits 9 lat] ye>s to ! villa :i* he !n acquir$ at ,*iswick4 ,he is n[ fairly fac+ 8 life "w1 & a brief survey ( ?is is all we c hope to attempt 9 ! limits ( ?is *apt]4 ,i h already m5tion$ ,! ,h>lot's ,progress1 & its imm$iate successor1 ,! ,rake's ,progress1 ! subjects ( :i* speak = !mselves4 ,! c\ntry maid5's arrival 9 ,london1 ! breakfa/ sc5e ) h] ,jewi% admir]1 & ! sc5e 9 ,bridewell are to be not$ among ! pr9ts ( ! fir/ ,s]ies2 b all are full ( "* & int]e/4 ,9 ,! ,rake's ,progress ! second plate introduces u to a side ( ,hog>?'s tal5t :i* he 0 to develop lat] on m fully 9 8 ,m>riage la ,mode--namely1 8 satire ( eighte5?-c5tury life ( fa%ion4 ,! awkw>d y\? :o 9 ! plate be=e _h come into 8 =tune is n[ 9 ! full ( its enjoym5t3 become a f9e g5tleman1 he holds 8 morn+ leve ( ^? num]\s p>asites :o m9i/] to 8 vanity or pleasure4 ,! =eign elem5t 7:i* ,hog>? 9 8 he>t dete/$7 is "h to ! front 9 ! figure ( ! ,fr5* danc+-ma/]1 try+ a new /ep1 ) ! fiddle 9 8 h&2 beh9d him ! matre d'armes1 ,dubois1 is mak+ a lunge ) 8 epe de combat1 :ile ,figg1 a not$ ,engli% prize-fight]1 wat*es 8 movem5ts ) an expression ( contempt4 ,ano!r portrait is ,bridgman1 a well-kn[n l&scape g>d5] ( ! "t1 :o is propos+ to our "y h]o "s s*eme = 8 e/ate2 :ile ! seat$ & p]iwigg$ figure :o runs 8 f+]s ov] ! h>psi*ord has be5 sugge/$ z t ( ! great compos] ,h&el4 ,b :5 we />t =? to knock d[n ! wat*1 beat ! r\nds1 intrigue ) ! fair1 & g5]ally keep up ! "* ( a "y blood or mac>oni1 a little timely assi/ance is (t5 welcome2 & is "h pr(f]$ 7) hope ( due remun]ation7 by ! villa9\s-look+ figure on ! prodigal's left1 ^: recomm5dation is se5 9 ! lett] he pres5ts3 ,! ,capt4 is a man ( hon\r1 8 sword may s]ve y4 ,mean:ile1 a jockey holds be=e 8 ma/] ! cup he has won2 & a tame poet 9 ! corn] seems to be invok+ ! ,muses 9 unm]it$ praise ( ! same patron4 ,by ,william ,hog>? ,,m>riage ,,la ,,mode ,,plate ,,ii ,9 8 next plate ,hog>? passes to a sc5e ( indescribable orgy2 b all ?is satire on fa%ionable extravagance1 :i* we h j not$ 9 detail1 is /ill m fully develop$ 9 8 ma/]ly ,s]ies ( ,m>riage la ,mode4 ,hog>?'s oil pa9t+s ( ?is complete ,s]ies are 9 ! ,london ,national ,gall]y1 & x is in/ructive to comp>e ^! ) ! pr9ts1 ! two fir/ pictures ( ! ,s]ies be+ especially attractive 9 treatm5t4 ,! second ( ^!1 repres5t+ ! morn+1 :5 husb& & wife awake to ennui f a night ( dissipation1 is peculi>ly happy 9 spac+ & composition1 z my illu/ration may %[2 :ile ,plate ,,iv4 ( ?is ,s]ies1 %[+ a reception ( ! ,c\ntess :ile at h] toilet1 gives an op5+ = a clev] satire by our arti/ ( ! fa%ionable society ( 8 day1 :i* is z brilliant z any ,v5etian sc5e by ,longhi1 & ! ensu+ plates po9t ! sequel to a life ( folly4 ,nor has ! arti/ =gott5 "h to give a side bl[ to ! =eign elem5t--:i* ar\s$ 8 ho/ility1 f ! ,fr5* danc+-ma/] or p]ruqui] to ! great ,italian ,ma/]s--,correggio's ,jupit] & ,io f9d+ a place on ! walls ( h] lady%ip's b$room1 j z ! ,*oice ( ,p>is _h be5 includ$ 9 ! ,rake's leve2 & we %all note v soon t ^! allusions 7 n incid5tal1 b f> m probably int5d$4 ,= ,hog>? _h n[ 9 ^! ?ree s]ies atta9$ a reputation :i* he probably increas$ by 8 delightful /udies ( pure hum\r1 among :i* ,mod]n ,midnight ,conv]sation1 ,! ,sleep+ ,congregation1 ,/roll+ ,play]s 9 a ,b>n1 ,! ,laugh+ ,audi5ce1 ,! ,enrag$ ,musician1 & ,! ,di/ress$ ,poet are to be especially comm5d$1 z well z t f9e s]ies ( ,! ,f\r ,times ( ! ,day1 9 :i* la/ ,morn+ 7( :i* ,i am able to give an illu/ration7 is c]ta9ly a ma/]piece4 ,8 e/imate ( 8 own p[]s _h increas$1 & n[ l$ him to leave t pa? 9 :i* 8 g5ius _h already f\nd its intimate expression1 & to seek to become t :i* he 0 n & nev] c\ld be--a great imag9ative & hi/orical pa9t]4 ,)\t ev] hav+ really /udi$ ! great ,ma/]s ( ! pa/1 )\t compreh5d+ ei!r _! m]its or dem]its1 he decl>$ t x 7 an easy task = him to surpass ev5 ,correggio on 8 own gr\nd3 ! result 01 if n disa/]1 at lea/ some?+ v ne> to x4 ,! ,sigismunda1 :i* he _h pa9t$ ) ! above object1 0 return$ on 8 h&s by ! pur*as]4 ,x hangs n[1 inde$1 9 ! ,national ,gall]y1 b ,i d n imag9e _m s]i\s critics w pref] x to ! m>vell\s *i>oscuro1 ! ref9$ ideal beauty ( ! ,ma/] ( ,p>ma4 ,yet t delici\s ,%rimp ,girl :i* hangs ne> x1 pa9t$ ) almo/ a ,fragon>d's gaiety ( palette1 %[s :at our arti/ might h a*iev$ _h he gone1 l ,morl&1 = 8 subjects to ! common life ( 8 own c\ntry4 ,! /aircase pa9t+s ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew's ,hospital are n likely1 ,i ?9k1 to induce u to revise ! above op9ion2 & ,sir ,jo%ua's criticism is "h s apposite & s j t ,i ne$ no excuse = quot+ x 9 "s detail4 ,aft] ?is admirable arti/ _h sp5t ! great] "p ( 8 life 9 an active1 busy1 &1 we may add1 successful att5tion to ! ridicule ( life2 aft] he _h inv5t$ a new species ( dramatic pa9t+ 9 :i* probably he w nev] be equall$2 & _h /or$ 8 m9d ) inf9ite mat]ials to expla9 & illu/rate ! dome/ic & famili> sc5es ( common life :i* 7 g5]ally1 & ought to h be5 always1 ! subject ( 8 p5cil1--he v imprud5tly1 or r presumptu\sly1 attempt$ ! great hi/orical /yle1 = :i* 8 previ\s habits _h by no means prep>$ him3 he 0 inde$ s unacqua9t$ ) ! pr9ciples ( ?is /yle t he 0 n ev5 aw>e t any artificial prep>ation 0 necess>y4 ,x is to be regrett$ t any "p ( ! life ( su* a g5ius %\ld be fruitlessly employ$4 ,?is criticism1 :i* is all ! m tell+ f its retic5ce1 0 ke5ly felt1 & probably nev] =giv51 by our arti/2 to u x is ( value critically z m>k+ ! cleavage betwe5 himself & ! great ,engli% s*ool ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 :i* s\ght its inspiration o!rwise ?an 9 8 com$y ( life4 ,b ) a t5acity1 ) a /ubborn fai? 9 8 g5ius :i* we _c b admire1 he holds firm to 8 own view ( art4 ,t is 9 ! "* ( ! man--s\nd1 hone/1 s9c]e ev5 :]e he is mi/ak5 or n>r[--j z we see him 9 8 self-portrait ( ! ,london ,gall]y1 ) 8 fai?ful ,trump sitt+ 9 front1 z :o %\ld say1 ,?is is my ma/]1 ,hog>?--& let me j see ! dog :o w d>e b>k at him4 ,& s :5 8 critics b>k$ or rail$ he held b ! m /ubbornly to 8 op9ion2 he rat$ ! m m]cilessly ^? black ma/]s1 ^: faults or ^: supreme g5ius x ne$$ a deep] /udy ?an he _h giv5 !m to und]/&2 & :5 ,sigismunda1 t 0 to rival ,allegri1 comes back ^u 8 h&s he prices x ob/9ately at #djj1 ev5 9 8 w insi/+ t x %\ld n be sold bel[ t sum4 ,b n[1 n cont5t ) attempt+ to eclipse ! great ,italian ma/]s1 n cont5t ) qu>rell+ ) ! critics1 9 ! same reckless confid5ce1 ) ! same bull-dog c\rage & t5acity he w desc5d f 8 arti/ic *>g] to meet ^! la/ ^u _! own gr\nd1 & arm$ only ) ^? weapons s de> to !m1 b new to 8 untri$ h&s--! goose quill & ! ink bottle--w te> d[n ! veil t conceals ,beauty1 & tea* !m :at 9 future to write1 :at to select1 :at to admire6 ,i am treat+ 9 ?is *apt] ,william ,hog>? z a del9eator ( ! com$y ( life1 n z an art critic1 nor z a philosoph]2 & x is n my pa9ful duty to drag ! g5tle read] ?r\gh ! v]bose ,preface to a no less v]bose ,introduction1 to f9d ourselves at ! end ( ^! /ill 9 front ( ! au?or's ma9 problem ( ! ,analysis ( ,beauty4 ,! "w probably suff]$ f ! pres5ce ( m ?an "o oblig+ lit]>y--or w\ld-be lit]>y--fri5d4 ,we he> ( a ,mr4 ,ralph1 f ,*iswick1 volunte]+ 8 s]vices 9 ?is direction1 ( a ,mr4 ,ni*ols foll[+ him2 & ( ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,t[nley be+ mu* busi$ on t ,preface1 :]e9 ,lomazzo rubs %\ld]s ) ,mi*elangelo & ,protog5es1 & :]e ! mod]n mortal he>s ) a/oni%m5t ( ! sublime "p :i* is a real je ne sai quoi1 & :i*1 be+ ! mo/ important "p to all connoisseurs1 ,i %all call a h>moni\s propriety1 :i* is a t\*+ or mov+ unity1 or a pa!tic agreem5t1 c4 ,b x w\ld be unfair to judge ! ,analysis by ?is preface1 :i* admitt$ly befogg$ ev5 poor ,hog>? himself4 ,suffice to say "h t he seeks to divide 8 elusive elem5t1 :i* might h defi$ ev5 ! dialectic ( ,socrates1 into its pr9ciples ( ,fullness1 ,v>iety1 ,uni=mity1 ,simplicity1 ,intricacy1 & ,quantity2 all :i* co-op]ate 9 ! production ( beauty1 mutually correct+1 & re/ra9+ ea* o!r occasionally2 & t ! essay1 ev5 if entirely inadequate z a philosophical treatm5t ( ! subject1 conta9s _m useful sugge/ions & %rewd obs]vations4 ,x _h be5 en\gh surely = "o %ort life-"t to h be5 ! greate/ pictorial humori/ ( 8 age1 to h tri$ to climb above ,allegri & ,titian1 & to h trac$ 9 ?\ght ,beauty's self to h] hidd5 s\rce2 b behold our ill-judg$ arti/ plung+ n[1 ) equal assurance & c\rage1 into t tumultu\s sea ( ,engli% eighte5?-c5tury political /rife4 ,! result 0 ?is "t fatal to 8 peace1 & probably ev5 to 8 life4 ,john ,wilkes 0 n a v safe man to attack c>elessly1 nor yet likely to rema9 quiesc5t "u ?is treatm5t2 & ,hog>?'s pr9t ( ! ,times1 publi%$ 9 ,septemb] ( #agfb1 provok$ a v savage rejo9d] 9 ,no4 #ag ( ! ,nor? ,briton4 ,hog>?'s reply 0 a c>icature ( ! popul> lead]2 :o !n engag$ "o ( 8 support]s1 nam$ ,*ur*ill1 to retaliate 9 an angry epi/le to ! arti/4 ,hog>? aga9 replies ) ! grav]--t t]rible weapon 9 8 practis$ h&s--& draws a portrait ( ,! ,bruis]1 once ! ,rev]5d ,*ur*ill1 %[n 9 ! =m ( a danc+ be>1 ) club pla/]$ ) lies1 & a tank>d ( port] at 8 side4 ,nev]1 says "o ( 8 e>li] critics1 did two angry m5 ) _! abilities ?r[ mud ) less dext]ity2 b dur+ ?is p]iod ( pictorial & poetic w>f>e 7s virul5t & disgraceful to all ! p>ties7 ,hog>?'s heal? decl9$ visibly4 ,a pres5tim5t ( 8 end seems to h come to him at 8 own table among 8 fri5ds1 & he said to !m3 ,my next und]tak+ %all be ! ',end ( all ?+s4' ,! next day 8 grav] 0 already busy ) ! /range plate :i* he call$ ,! ,ba?os1 :]e ,fa!r ,"t is se5 dy+1 8 brok5 scy! & h\r-glass beside him1 amid a *aos ( ru9 all ar\nd4 ,?is 0 actually 8 la/ "w1 = a mon? lat]1 on ! #bh? ( ,octob]1 #agfd1 hav+ return$ 9 weak heal? f ,*iswick to 8 h\se 9 ,leice/] ,fields1 he di$ sudd5ly ( an aneurysm on 8 *e/4 ,8 tomb at ,*iswick1 :]e 8 wid[ came to jo9 him tw5ty-five ye>s lat] 79 #aghi71 0 adorn$ 9 relief ) ! mask ( ,com$y1 ! wrea? ( laurel1 ! palette & ! book on ,beauty2 & x 0 8 fri5d ,g>rick :o is said to h compos$ ^? l9es ( 8 epitaph1 ) :i* we too may take our f>ewell ( ! great arti/ ( com$y3 444 ,^: pictur'd morals *>m ! m9d1 ,& ?r\gh ! eye correct ! he>t4 ,if g5ius fire !e1 read]1 /ay2 ,if nature t\* !e1 drop a te>2 ,if nei!r move !e1 turn away1 ,= ,hog>?'s hon\r$ du/ lies "h4 ,,iii ,,! ,,com$y ,,( ,,society ,9 ! "w ( ,h5ry ,william ,bunbury we /rike an entirely diff]5t note to t ( ! arti/ we h j /udi$4 ,! contra/ is1 9 its way1 refre%+ z well z in/ructive4 ,j z ,hog>? appe>s 7b4 #afih7 at almo/ ! fir/ ye>s ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 s ,bunbury dates 7b4 #agej7 f exactly its divid+ ye>2 !re=e he belongs no long] to ^? days ( ,swift & ,bol+broke & ,walpole1 ( ,jacobite intrigue & ,hanov]ian p[]1 b to ! p]iod ( ! ,am]ican w>1 & ^? om9\s ?und]cl\ds prec$+ ! ,fr5* ,revolution4 ,aga91 j z ,william ,hog>? belongs entirely to ! p1 & %>es pr(\ndly bo? _! be/ & wor/ qualities1 s ! arti/ we are n[ consid]+ belongs no less def9itely to ! ari/ocratic class--is a memb] ( a ,suffolk family :i* dat$ its ,engli% orig9 to ! ,conque/1 :i* _h ga9$ its knigh?ood f ,que5 ,elizabe?1 & its b>onetcy f ! ,m]ry ,mon>*2 & _h himself 9 8 y\ng] days made ! gr& t\r ( ,france & ,italy1 & lat] held a commission 9 8 ,maje/y's ,militia1 & ! po/ ( equ]ry to ! ,duke ( ,york4 ,some?+ ( ! amateur--,i h writt5 else:]e#d--rema9s ?r\gh all ! "w ( ,bunbury1 :o left politics practically out ( 8 field ( subjects1 & ^: social qualities 7 "o ( 8 greate/ *>ms4 ,he m>ri$ ,ca!r9e ,horneck1 ^: si/] ,m>y _h be5 pa9t$--&1 x is said1 propos$ to--by ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds1 :o _h else:]e pa9t$ ^! two pretty wom5 toge!r2 & :5 he settl$ 9 ! c\ntry ) 8 "y wife1 8 circle ( fri5ds came to include ,oliv] ,goldsmi?1 ! actor ,g>rick1 ,hoppn]1 & ,sir ,jo%ua--! latt] be+ godfa!r to 8 second son1 ,h5ry1 & pa9t+ 8 elde/ z ,ma/] ,bunbury 9 #agha--;& la/1 b n lea/1 ,dr4 ,samuel ,johnson4 ,! great ,doctor _h 9 fact pres5t$ to ! "y c\ple _! family ,bible--a fact :i* is record$ ^u ! fly-leaf 9 our arti/'s own h&writ+4 ,( ! two sons t 7 born to ,h5ry & ,ca!r9e ,bunbury1 _! special hopes seem to h c5tr$ on ! elde/1 ,*>les ,john1 ! lovely *ild = :om ,sir ,jo%ua himself _h improvis$ fairy tales to keep him amus$ :ile busy on 8 portrait2 b ^? hopes 7 n fulfill$1 = 8 manhood did n be> out ! promise ( 8 s*ooldays1 & he di$ comp>atively e>ly4 ,bunbury's c>icatures comm5ce z e>ly z 8 =eign t\r1 ?\gh "s ( ! be/ ref] to 8 lat] milit>y life 9 ,engl&2 especially to ! "t :5 he 0 9 camp at ,coxhea?1 dur+ ! tr\bl$ days ( ! ,am]ican ,w>4 ,= we h n[ left f> beh9d ! days ( ,swift & ,bol+broke & ,ox=d1 ( ,m>lbor\gh's battles1 & ( ! great political settlem5t :i* m>k$ ! ,hanov]ian succession4 ,dett+5 & ,font5oy are n[ old soldi]s' tales1 & ! invasion ( ,engl& by ,*>les ,/u>t1 ! y\ng] ,pret5d]--9 :i* connection we may rememb] ,hog>?'s pr9t ( ! m>* ( ! ,gu>ds to ,f9*ley--lies equally beh9d u3 we h pass$ ?r\gh ! long ,m9i/ry ( ,walpole & t ( ! eld] ,pitt1 we h se5 ! w> ) ,france1 & be5 /irr$ by ,wolfe's victory & h]oic dea? ^u ! ,heights ( ,abraham4 ,9 a ^w1 we h turn$ ! corn] ) ! ye> ( our arti/'s bir?1 & are go+ d[nw>ds into ! latt] half ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,george ,,iii4 has n[ tak5 8 fa!r's place ^u ! ?rone ( ,engl&3 ! ,tories h return$ aga9 to be a p[] 9 political life z 9 ! days ( ,bol+broke1 & aga9/ ! ,k+'s fri5ds1 ! p>ty subs]vi5t to ,c\rt influ5ce1 !re appe>s 9 ! nation a v /rong democratic movem5t ) ,john ,wilkes z its lead] & idol4 ,mean:ile ! fatal policy ( ,gr5ville _h l$ to ! ali5ation ( ! great ,am]ican colonies1 & ! pass+ ( ! ,/amp ,act 9 #agfe br\ght a complete rupture4 ,b ?is phase ( politics ent]s b little into our pres5t subject4 ,x is ( m int]e/ to inquire1 ap>t f ?is complex turbul5t _w ( home or =eign politics1 :at 7 ! p !mselves 9 _! home life1 _! outdoor life1 _! ta/es1 aspirations1 sympa?ies1 social surr\nd+s8 ,i ?9k we %all get an answ] to "s ( ^! que/ions--an answ] none ! less valuable because x comes to u indirectly--f ! /udy ( ,h5ry ,william ,bunbury's social c>icatures4 ,^! appe> to comm5ce ) 7or are 9 "s special cases ev5 e>li] ?an7 8 ,gr& ,t\r4 ,! delightful ,c\ri] ,franois--publi%$ by ,bre!rton at #acd ,new ,bond ,/4--belongs surely to ?is p]iod2 & ,?omas ,wright1 9 8 valuable ,hi/ory ( ,c>icature1#e seems to be> ?is out :5 he says ( ,bunbury t 8 e>li] pr9ts 7 et*$ & sold by ,james ,bre!rton1 :o publi%$ also ! works ( ,james ,say]--an arti/ :om we %all meet 9 our next *apt]4 ,9 ?is pr9t ! ,c\ri] cracks a long :ip z he cov]s ! gr\nd1 m\nt$ ^u a /e$ almo/ z long1 z t\gh & wiry-look+ z himself4 ,a %ort sword is at 8 side1 & he we>s enorm\s jack-boots4 ,9 ! di/ance rise peak$ m\nta9s1 p]haps ^? ( ,s\!rn ,france or ,savoy2 & ! inn to :i* he seems b\nd be>s ! leg5d1 ,po/e ,royale1 ) ! ?ree fleur-de-lys4 ,our ,c\ri] belongs evid5tly to ! anci5 rgime1 & might inde$ h /epp$--or gallop$--to u out ( ,/]ne's ,s5tim5tal ,j\rney4 ,! draw+ ( ^! pr9ts is clumsy & co>se 9 te*nique1 ?\gh full ( "*2 &1 9 fact1 ,bunbury1 :o seems to h begun to publi% z e>ly z #agga1f :5 he 0 only tw5ty-"o ye>s ( age1 _h little k or skill 9 engrav+1 & seems1 aft] "s prelim9>y ef=ts :i* 7 n v successful1 to h entru/$ ! mo/ ( 8 "w to be engrav$ by o!r h&s4 ,?us ,james ,bre!rton1 :o 0 an engrav] z well z a publi%]1 0 engag$ on ,bunbury's pr9ts f #aggb onw>ds2 ?\gh lat] we %all f9d ,r[l&son work+ z an engrav] on ,bunbury's humor\s sket*es1 & necess>ily1 f 8 /rong individuality1 imp>t+ to !m mu* ( 8 own "*4 ,! p5dant to ! pr9t j describ$ is ! ,c\rri] ,anglois1 & ?is 0 9 fact bo? engrav$ & publi%$ by ,bre!rton 9 #aggd 7x be>s ! inscription1 ,h4 ,w4 ,bunbury1 del9eavit2 ,j4 ,bre!rton1 fecit74 ,9 f9e contra/ to ! hurry ( ! lean ,fr5*man 8 ,engli% c\nt]p>t ambles leisurely along1 z if "t 7 = him a matt] ( entire indiff]5ce2 8 horse is load$ ) a heavy pack1 aga9/ :i* ! rid] com=tably leans1 :ile he puts a long horn to 8 lips4 ,he has no sword1 or any weapon ( def5ce2 b ! two grisly figures by ! roadside dangl+ on a gibbet1 & 8 own inimitable expression ( cont5t$ ease1 seem to imply t travell+ is secure = him1 & ,ju/ice prompt & ke5-ey$4 ,to ?is p]iod ( ! ,gr& ,t\r belong also1 9 my judgm5t1 ! ,t\r to ,=eign ,p>ts 7drawn by ,bunbury1 engrav$ by ,bre!rton1 publi%$ 9 #agii by ,j4 ,h>ris ( ,cornhill71 ! ,cuis9e de la ,po/e1 or ,! ,kit*5 ( a ,fr5* ,po/ ,h\se 7,h4 ,bunbury1 invt41 publi%$ #agga by ,h>ris71 ,! ,engli%man at ,p>is1 #agfg1 ! e>lie/ 9 date ( ^! 7,mr4 ,bunbury1 del42 ,js4 ,bre!rton1 fecit1 publi%$ #agii by ,j4 ,h>ris71 & la/ly ! ,view on ! ,pont ,neuf at ,p>is 7,h4 ,w4 ,bunbury1 invt4 ,! engrav]'s "n1 9 my example1 is cut74 ,^! pr9ts are z preci\s 9 _! detail$ evid5ce ( co/ume & me?ods ( life z !y are amus+4 ,!y are snap%ots caught--n ) a cam]a1 b ) an eye & p5cil :i* 7 almo/ z quick--( ! life ( t old mon>*ic ,france z x 0 se5 by ! ,engli% travell]1 po/+ along ! great high-roads1 or tak+ 8 walk ?r\gh ! t[n4 ,soon1 v soon1 all t life 0 to be swept away 9 ! hurricane ( political passion1 nev] 9 any ( its qua9t] features to return2 t is :y ^! jott+s ( our arti/ are to ! /ud5t ( ?is p]iod s ine/imably preci\s4 ,our travell]s1 ?ree 9 numb]1 & evid5tly portray$ f ! life1 h j desc5d$ 7,a ,t\r 9 ,=eign ,p>ts7 f ! two-horse *aise1 :i* ! po/ilion is driv+ into ! y>d4 ,! smalle/ ( ! ?ree ,engli%m51 ) ,*e/]field's ,lett]s "u 8 arm1 approa*es ! obsequi\s ho/ ( ! ,po/e ,royale ) a conciliatory smile2 ! :ile ! l&lady is engag$ 9 an assault ^u h] h5-roo/1 & ! s]vant-girl seems to aim at a simil> result ) ! dome/ic cats4 ,& n[ 7,la ,cuis9e de la ,po/e7 we are introduc$ to ! int]ior4 ,! pot-au-feu hangs 9 ! great *imney ov] ! blaz+ logs2 ! village gossips are !re--! po/ilion 9 8 clumsy jack-boots1 ! h\sewife1 & ! cur ) a fri5d sipp+ 8 glass ( r$ w9e--& on ! walls ,l\is le bi5-aim1 ) baton & p]ruque1 is balanc$ by ,sanctus ,paulus1 ) a sword mu* bigg] ?an himself1 or by ! ,ordonnances de ,monsieur le ,duc de ,*oiseul1 ,gr& ,matre des ,po/es et ,relais de ,france4 ,or1 aga91 our travell]s h arriv$ at la/ 9 ! great city 7,engli%man at ,p>is71 & take _! walk 9 ! /reets ( ,la ,ville ,lumire4 ,a fat monk & a ?9 peasant seem bo? to reg>d our t\ri/ ) a/oni%m5t2 a d&y ( ! p]iod is driv+ 8 *>iot ) a lackey hang+ on beh9d1 & ! indisp5sable p]ruqui] is hurry+ to an appo9tm5t4 ,or--9 its way mo/ curi\s ( all--we see ! ,pont ,neuf ( ^? old days1 ) ! co/umes & *>act]s :i* !n ?rong$ its ?or\ghf>e4 ,huge muffs seem to h be5 !n ! fa%ion1 (t5 comb9$ 9 use ) umbrellas1 su* z we n[ %\ld call ,japanese sun%ades2 ! p]ruqui] "h1 too1 mu/ h 8 muff1 ?\gh bo? h&s are fill$ ) ! %av+-pot & curl+ tongs2 ! trim abb 9 8 %ort cassock1 ev5 ! trucul5t-look+ po/ilion are all provid$4 ,9 ! corn] a poodle is be+ clipp$1 j z we may see to-day beside ! ,se9e1 & is l\dly vocif]at+ 8 compla9ts2 &1 above all1 we see ! qua9t ensign ( ! trade1 :i* comb9$ ! %oeblack's l[] art ) t ( ! dog-b>b]4 ,aux ,qu>ante ,lions ,/4 ,l\is ,dcrotte l',anglaise et ,tond des ,*i5s ,proprem5t ,allons1 ,messeigneurs1 ,allons4 ,we mu/ turn n[ to our arti/'s lat] pr9ts ( ,engli% eighte5?-c5tury social life1 :i* are z full ( humor\s obs]vation1 ev5 ?\gh !y h n ! special int]e/ ( ^! notes on old ,france4 ,=1 l ,collet & ,s&by1 8 pr$ecessors 9 ,engli% c>icature1 ,bunbury gave b little att5tion to political c>icature4 ,s&by belongs almo/ 7b4 #agbe7 to ! lat] ye>s ( ,hog>?'s asc5d5cy2 &1 ?\gh n a pr(essional c>icaturi/1 be+ p]haps annoy$ at t arti/'s depreciation ( o!r pa9t]s1 _m ( 8 c>icatures are direct$ aga9/ ,hog>? himself4 ,b ,s&by's be/ claim to our int]e/ lies outside our pres5t subject2 = 8 l&scape "w 9 /eel engrav+1 9 aquat9t & oil-col\r1 _h l$ him up to ! discov]y ( ! beauty & int]e/ ( wat]-col\r pa9t+1 9 :i* art he may claim to be a pione]4 ,he outliv$ ,john ,collet1 :o _h be5 born 9 ! same ye> 7#agbe7 z himself1 & is said to h be5 a pupil ( ,hog>?1 ?\gh ,lamb]t1 a l&scape-pa9t]1 is m5tion$ z giv+ him 8 fir/ in/ructions4 ,c]ta9ly !re is some?+ :i* recalls ,hog>? 9 8 draw+s1 :i* deal1 z ,i h said1 ) social satire r ?an politics4 ,a ,disa/] treats ( a lady :o has lo/ bo? hat & wig toge!r by ! same gu/ ( w9d2 h] footman beh9d has caught "o ( ^! 9 ea* h&1 & ! ru/ics1 :o h pres]v$ nature's cov]+1 laugh at h] plight4 ,collet's picture ( ,fa!r ,paul 9 8 ,cups1 or ,! ,private ,devotions ( a ,conv5t1 0 "o ( a s]ies by our arti/ int5d$ to illu/rate ,%]idan's com$y ( ,! ,du5na1 produc$ 9 #agge4 ,?is 0 close ^u ! p]iod ( ,"l ,gordon's riots 7#aghj71 & ! ,no ,pop]y feel+ :i* !n prevail$ f9ds illu/ration 9 ?is "w ( ,collet's4 ,l ,s&by1 he work$ also 9 wat]-col\r1 & two ( 8 sket*es 9 ?is m$ium are m5tion$ by ,bryan z 9 ! ,victoria & ,alb]t ,museum4 ,we h n[ return$ ) ,bunbury f 8 gr& t\r abroad1 & h to /udy him at 8 be/ 9 8 sket*es ( ,engli% social life 9 t[n & c\ntry4 ,he 0 probably himself a good horseman1 & at any rate und]/ood1 z ?or\ghly z ev5 ,c>an d',a*e himself1 ! humor\s side ( ! eque/rian art4 ,a :ole s]ies ( 8 small] pr9ts deal ) ! rid] & 8 /e$4 ,h[ to pass a c>riage1 ,h[ to lose y\r way1 ,h[ to travel on two legs 9 a fro/1 are among ! be/ ( ^!4 ,ano!r clev] pr9t %[s ! rid] ( a pull+ animal ) a m\? ( ca/-iron j cle>+ an old woman's b>r[2 :ile among ! l>g] pr9ts we h ,ri*mond ,hill1 ,hyde ,p>k1 ,coxhea? ,ho1 & ,w>ley ,ho1 & 8 inimitable pr9t ( a ,rid+ ,h\se1 publi%$ by ,bre!rton 9 #aghj4 ,bunbury's c>icatures ( milit>y subjects naturally connect !mselves ) ! p]iod :5 he 0 actively connect$ ) ! ,suffolk ,c\nty ,militia1 m especially :51 9 #aggh1 he 0 9 camp at ,coxhea? at ! "t ( ! w> 9 ,am]ica4 ,recruits1 ( :i* ,i give an illu/ration1 may be includ$ among ^!1 z well z ! ,militia ,meet+ & ,! ,des]t]1 :ile ,a ,visit to ! ,camp & ,a ,camp ,sc5e belong to ! same class ( subject4 ,! *>act]isation ( ,recruits is excell5t1 f ! sm>t "y (fic] to ! ru/ic awkw>dness ( ! two recruits1 & ! m dang]\s self-approval ( ! ?ird2 beh9d we see a *awbacon gr9n+ at ! sc5e1 b5ea? ! port5t\s sign ( ,! ,old ,=tune1 ) its pa9t+ ( a wood5-legg$ & armless vet]an4 ,a ,visit to ! ,camp gives j su* a sc5e--save t ! *>act]s are 9 eighte5?-c5tury co/ume--z might be witness$ ev5 to-day1 :5 p>5ts1 aunts & c\s9s visit _! "y hopeful amid ! m>tial surr\nd+s ( 8 volunte] camp2 & "h1 too1 may be m5tion$ a s]ies ( s+le figures 9 milit>y co/ume--a ,life-gu>dsman1 ,light ,infantryman1 ,light-horseman & a ,foot-soldi]4 ,^! 7 all publi%$ by ,mackl94 ,! foot-soldi]'s uni=m appe>s 9 ,recruits2 ! h&some uni=m ( ! ,light-horseman1 ) its plum$ helmet & high boots1 9 ,a ,visit to ! ,camp1 & aga9 9 ,! ,des]t]4 ,:ile ,bunbury 0 ?us occupi$ ) 8 milit>y c>e] 8 wife1 :om he _h left 9 lodg+s 9 ,pall ,mall1 gave him _! second son1 to :om ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds /ood godfa!r4 ,is x too mu* to sugge/ t ?is latt] is ! arti/ c>icatur$ 9 t delightful ,family ,piece1 ( :i* ,i also hope to give an illu/ration2 & :i* may h be5 sugge/$ to our arti/ by ! sc5e 9 8 fri5d ,oliv] ,goldsmi?'s ma/]piece1 ,! ,vic> ( ,wakefield8 ,to ! next p]iod ( ,bunbury's life--:5 w>'s al>ms 7 ov] & ! camp at ,coxhea? brok5 up--belong _m ( 8 be/ pr9ts ( ,engli% c\ntry life4 ,he 0 liv+ n[ 9 ,suffolk1 & 8 pr9t ( ! ,c\ntry ,club is said to h depict$ to ! life an in/itution ( t nature 9 quiet old ,bury ,/4 ,edmunds2 :ile ,conv]sazione & ! ,sulky ,club display ! social ef=ts ( ! p]iod1 & 8 fam\s ,b>b]'s ,%op1 :i* ,knight engrav$ 9 #aghc1 comes into ?is "p ( 8 c>e]4 ,by ,h4 ,w4 ,bunbury ,,! ,,family ,,piece ,to 8 visits to ! ,we/ ( ,engl& & ,nor? ,wales ab\t ?is "t we owe "s *>m+ sket*es--! two ,wynn/ay ,!atre ,tickets1 = in/ance1 dat+ f "s visit to ,sir ,watk9 ,williams ,wynn :5 !atricals 7 9 ! air at ,wynn/ay1 & t lovely pr9t ( ,! ,mod]n ,graces1 drawn1 x is said1 f ! ?ree beautiful ,misses ,%akesp]e dur+ ! /ay ( our arti/ at ,a/on2 :ile ^? two pr9ts ( ,peasants f ! ,vale ( ,llangoll5 h9t at "s pleasant ramble 9 ! ,wel% hills4 ,bunbury excell$1 9 fact1 9 a class ( subject :i* does n /rictly fall )9 our notice1 s9ce we are treat+ him "h z a c>icaturi/1 b :i* mu/ by no means be neglect$ by ^? :o appreciate 8 "w4 ,^! are :at may be *>act]is$ z fancy sket*es1 :i* are (t51 9 8 h&1 s+ul>ly graceful & *>m+ 9 treatm5t & conception4 ,! ,song1 ,! ,dance1 & ,morn+ ,employm5ts may be m5tion$ especially among ^!1 all ^! ?ree hav+ be5 entru/$ to ! grav] ( ! fam\s ,b>tolozzi4 ,inde$1 9 writ+ ( ,b>tolozzi1#g ,i f\nd x impossible to leave ,bunbury out ( my subject1 & said ( ?is arti/3 ,he suppli$ ! engrav] ) "s *>m+ draw+s1 mo/ly ( ,engli% girls 9 simple c\ntry dress--su* z ! ',sophia & ,olivia1' drawn = ,goldsmi?'s ',vic> ( ,wakefield1' :]e "o ( ! girls t\*es a guit> & ! o!r holds a roll ( music2 or1 aga91 t v lovely pr9t1 a copy ( :i* is 9 ! ,victoria & ,alb]t collection1 :]e ?ree "y girls dance h& 9 h& to ! /ra9 :i* a c\ntry lad seat$ ne> !m is pip+4 ',! ,song1' ,i add$1 a p5dant to ?is1 is no less *>m+4 ,love & ,hon\r is ano!r ( ,b>tolozzi's pr9ts f ,bunbury1 repres5t+ a ,light-,cavalry soldi] tak+ leave ( a pretty c\ntry girl1 & be>+ ! leg5d3 ,h>k6 ! drum comm&s ,hon\r6 ,i att5d !e6 ,love1 ,i kiss ?y h&s6 ,lucy ( ,le9/] & ,bo?well's ,lam5t1 x may be not$1 are by ! same engrav]4 ,ap>t f its own beauty ! engrav+ ( ,! ,dance is ( especial int]e/1 s9ce ! ?ree figures danc+ are said to be tak5 f ^? fam\s beauties ( ! "t1 ! ,misses ,gunn+2 & 9 8 ,love & ,hope1 ,love & ,jeal\sy1 & a ,tale ( ,love1 :i* ,b>tolozzi's pupil1 ,j4 ,k4 ,%]w91 engrav$ = him1 he foll[s ) success ! same class ( subject4 ,x is ! s5tim5tal *>m1 :i* /reams f ! fair ,angelica ,kauffman's p5cil & kept busy ! be/ engrav]s ( ! "t1 notably ,b>tolozzi1 ,ryl&1 ,%]w91 & ,tomk9s1 :i* "h attracts ! soldi] & c>icaturi/1 :o 0 also ! devot$ lov] & husb&2 & 9 ^! pr9ts1 ?\gh ! initiative & conception is c]ta9ly our arti/'s1 x is difficult to "k h[ mu* we may n owe to ! practis$ h& ( su* an engrav] z ,francesco ,b>tolozzi4 ,b c]ta9ly ?is side ( art 0 treat$ by ,h5ry ,bunbury freely1 & ) m>k$ success1 & ! li/ w\ld be a long "o if we 7 to attempt to *ronicle all4 ,edw9 & ,e!l9da1 ,black-ey$ ,susan1 ,auld ,rob9 ,gray 7a *>m+ col\r-pr9t1 also engrav$ by ,b>tolozzi71 ,adelaide 9 ! ,g>d5 7by ! same engrav]71 ! *>m+ ,song/ress1 ,*>lotte & ,w]!r's meet+1 ,m>g>et's ,tomb1 ,! ,girl ( ,sn[don1 ,! ,girl ( ,mod5a1 ,m>ianna1 ,cicely1 & t sweet ,c\ntry ,maid engrav$ by ,j4 ,r4 ,smi? 9 #aghb1 & ^: leg5d tells u3 ,no c>e b ,love c discompose h] brea/1 ,love ( all c>es ! sweete/ & ! be/4 ,8 illu/rations to ,mackl9's ,%akespe>e come ne>] to our subject prop]1 & "h we h ! :ole ,fal/aff episode v fully & v hum\r\sly illu/rat$2 :ile ,launce & 8 dog1 :om he w\ld h to behave z a dog at all ?+s1 may be comp>$ 9 our arti/'s treatm5t ( can9e life ) 8 ,black ,george1 ! ,suffolk gamekeep]4 ,0 x1 we may "h ask1 9 return+ to ! /ory ( our arti/'s life1 t fatal quality1 ! arti/ic temp]am5t1 or 0 x 8 *>m+ social qualities1 8 frequ5t visits to great h\ses & correspond+ exp5ses1 :i* _h br\ght ,h5ry ,bunbury at ?is "t into f9ancial difficulties8 ,8 milit>y connection1 :i* _h l$ to 8 appo9tm5t z ,a4,d4,c4 to ! ,duke ( ,york1 0 too important to be neglect$ ev5 "u ^! conditions4 ,h5ce x is t 9 #aghh we f9d ! ,bunburys settl$ 9 ,london at ,:itehall4 ,our arti/ 0 n[1 f 8 ,c\rt position & 8 own ta/es1 ?r[n into ! mid/ ( ,london social life2 & ?is new life 9 all its features beg9s to reproduce itself 9 8 c>icatures4 ,hyde ,p>k1 ,! ,c(fee ,h\se ,patriots1 ,! ,*op ,h\se1 ,ri*mond ,hill1 ,be?nal ,gre51 & ! l>ge pr9t ( a ,fte at ,c>lton ,h\se 7at :i* no d\bt he 0 pres5t 9 att5dance on ! ,duke71 belong to ?is p]iod ( 8 life4 ,ba? he no d\bt knew well already f 8 visits to ! ,we/ ( ,engl&1 :]e x 0 at ?is "t ! great r5dezv\s = fa%ionable society2 he mu/ h himself mov$ 9 ?is society1 & enjoy$ ! /udy ( its follies & foibles1 its airs & graces1 :i* ! dramati/s ( ! "t love to reproduce4 ,= "h c]ta9ly x 0 t he ga9$ 8 inspiration = ! ,long ,m9uet1 z danc$ at ,ba?1 ) its l9e ( /ately danc]s & its classical inscription-- ,longa ,tysonum m9uit ,quid velit et possit r]um concordia discors4 ,?is is "o ( ,bunbury's mo/ fam\s pr9ts2 & ju/ly s1 = no?+ c\ld be tru] to life1 especially to eighte5?-c5tury life1 & probably to ,ba? ( ! p]iod1 ?an ^! b[+ & pir\ett+ figures4 ,9 8 ,lumps ( ,pudd+ we h ! same !me1 b treat$ ) a co>s] note2 & yet "s ( ! figures are excell5t--notably ! /\t g5tleman 9 ! corn]1 :o has remov$ 8 wig to mop 8 heat$ br[--! en?usia/ ne> him :o is sett+ be=e a dame ) a ?ree-deck] & its an*or 9 h] hair1 & ! gr\p ( f\r :o are next ! lady danc+ ) h] pet dog4 ,! ,long ,m9uet & ?is la/ belong to t class ( c>icatures 9 :i* ! figures =m a cont9u$ /ory--a l9e ( hum\r :i* ! ,g]mans h develop$ 9 ,flieg5de ,bltt]1 :i* ,c>an d',a*e has us$ ) success 9 ,france1 & :i* ,pick-,me-,up1 :5 x 0 "u ! able direction ( ,mr4 ,leslie ,willson1 scor$ _m a good po9t )4 ,by ,h4 ,w4 ,bunbury ,a ,,fa%ionable ,,salutation ,to ?is class1 too1 belongs ,bunbury's fam\s ,propagation ( a ,lie1 publi%$ 9 #aghg4 ,male figures only appe> 9 ?is wond]ful s]ies2 ?\gh 7alas67 _m ( u h le>nt f exp]i5ce t ! fair sex1 ) all its *>m1 is n always av]se to brod] ! simple tru?1 especially :5 a prospect ( sc&al is conc]n$4 ,ba?1 we may feel sure1 w\ld h (f]$ 9 ^? days e facility ( ?is nature1 if requir$2 & x may be fairly assum$ t ! mise-en-scne = ?is pr9t 0 ! same z t ( ! ,long ,m9uet4 ,f ,de> me6 ,y don't say s6 we proce$ ?r\gh ! /ages ( ,heigh ho6 ,o fye6 ,inde$6 ,!re n[6 to t lively d&y :o exclaims ,ha6 ,ha6 & t irascible old g5tleman :o is %ak+ 8 fi/ at him ) ! reply1 ,god's z\nds6 hold y\r tongue6 ,to ! same l9e ( social satire belong ! ,front1 side1 & back view ( a mod]n ,g5tleman1 ,sunday ,ev5+1 ,morn+1 or ! ,man ( ,ta/e1 & ,ev5+1 or ! ,man ( ,feel+ 7engrav$ by ,j4 ,r4 ,smi? 9 #agha71 & a ,fa%ionable ,salute1 call$ ,salutation ,tav]n1 ( :i* ,i give a plate f ! pr9t 9 my own collection4 ,! same engrav]1 ,j4 ,r4 ,smi?1 produc$ ,bunbury's sket* ( ,"l ,d]by on ,horseback1 foll[+ ! coa* ( ! lovely ,miss ,f>r51#h :i* has ! motto3 ,:5 ,i foll[$ a lass t 0 fr[>d & %y4 ,b ! lass 9 "q became less %y lat]1 & compli$ to 8 reque/ to become ,c\ntess ( ,d]by4 ,,"l ,,d]by ,pati5ce 9 a ,punt1 "o ( our arti/'s be/-kn[n pr9ts1 0 engrav$ by ,r[l&son1 & has acquir$ a good deal ( 8 *>act]i/ic draw+ 9 ! process2 & ,i may m5tion briefly "h "s pr9ts deal+ ) ,cambridge life--,! ,hope ( ! ,family1 ,admission at ! ,univ]sity1 & ,pot ,fair1 ,cambridge 7dat$ #aggg71 z well z a s]ies ( v int]e/+ orig9al et*+s by our arti/ 9 ! ,briti% ,museum collection4 ,pr(essor ,colv9 tells me t a rec5tly acquir$ collection !re ( ,italian pr9ts includ$ sev]al by ,bunbury2 & among ^! may h be5 ,john ,jehu--,l',+hilt]ra1 #aggb1 & ,! ,dog-,b>b]--,la ,francia1 #aggb 7a !me :i* we h not$ 9 8 pr9t ( ! ,pont ,neuf71 z !y by _! titles seem to be evid5tly int5d$ = ! ,italian m>ket4 ,by f> ! mo/ int]e/+1 9 "o way1 ( ^! et*+s by our arti/--:i* date f ! beg9n+ ( 8 c>e] & are (t5 v weak 9 draw+--is "o :i* %[s two boys1 or m51 "o ( :om is rid+ a pig2 & :i* belongs to ! "t :5 ,bunbury 0 a boy at ,we/m9/] ,s*ool1 be+ ?us1 z ,i believe1 8 e>lie/ exi/+ c>icature4 ,! ,briti% ,museum is1 9 fact1 v ri* 9 ,bunbury's pr9ts2 & 8 s]ies !re ( ! ,arabian ,nights 79 col\r1 engrav$ by ,ryd]7 may be not$ "h 7! pr9t ( ,morgiana's ,dance be+ especially *>m+71 ere we turn back to our arti/'s life /ory4 ,9 #agig ! ,bunburys _h tak5 a small h\se at ,oatl&s1 ne> ,weybridge1 to be ne> ! ,duke & ,du*ess ( ,york1 :o 7 !n resid+ at ,oatl&s ,p>k2 & x 0 "h t 9 #agih ,h5ry ,bunbury _h a t]rible bl[1 9 ! loss ( 8 wife at ! e>ly age ( =ty-five ye>s4 ,! beautiful face & figure ( ,ca!r9e ,horneck _h (t5 appe>$ 9 our arti/'s fancy subjects2 _! life toge!r seems to h be5 a v happy "o1 & we may believe t he nev] entirely recov]$ f ?is loss1 = ! next ?irte5 ye>s ( 8 life aft] h] decease 7 sp5t by him 9 comp>ative retirem5t4 ,he left ,oatl&s1 & probably also1 !n or lat]1 8 (ficial po/ at ,c\rt1 & came to live 9 ! ,lake ,c\ntry1 :]e he _h ,rob]t ,s\!y z 8 fri5d2 x 0 at ,keswick t he di$1 9 #ahaa1 & lies buri$ !re f> away f ! grave ( 8 wife 9 ,weybridge ,*ur*4 ,8 pr9ts =m a l9k 9 our k ( eighte5?-c5tury social life 9 ,engl& :i* we c\ld ill af=d to lose4 ,n always v /rong 9 draw+1 8 hum\r is g5u9e1 :olesome1 spontane\s2 8 s5se ( beauty1 9 subjects outside ( pure c>icature1 (t5 v fasc9at+ & ref9$2 :ile 9 bo? classes ( subject he rema9s happily free f t co>s5ess :i* disfigures to "s ext5t ! great c>icaturi/s :om ,i %all treat ( 9 my next two *apt]s4 ,a *>m+ p]sonality--all 8 "w seems to tell u--& a lovable man2 ,engli% to ! core1 9 ! be/ s5se1 fond ( 8 home1 fond ( outdoor life1 fond ( 8 joke1 b a joke ^: laught] has no bitt]ness or malice1 & leaves no bad ta/e beh9d4 ,,lumps ,,( ,,delight ,,by ,h4 ,w4 ,,bunbury ,,lumps ,,( ,,pudd+ ,,by ,h4 ,w4 ,,bunbury ,,iv ,,! ,,com$y ,,( ,,politics ,9 treat+ "h ( ,engli% eighte5?-c5tury c>icature1 ,i f9d t ! conditions ( space at my comm& 9 ?is "w compel me1 9 ord] to d my subject any ju/ice at all1 to focus my read]'s int]e/ on c]ta9 c5tral figures1 :o typify1 ea* 9 !mselves1 "o side or o!r ( _! art2 & to pass by m slightly "s ( ! less] m51 ^: int]e/ is ei!r divid$ or second>y4 ,su* a t[]+ p]sonality 9 c>icature z ,james ,gillray comes necess>ily into ! fir/ ( ^! categories2 su* draughtsm5 z ,woodw>d or ,say] into ! second4 ,woodw>d comes ne> to ,bunbury 9 /yle & subject1 & l him seems to h pref]r$ social satire1 ?\gh occasionally--z 9 8 ,g5]al ,compla9t1 ( #agif--;he t\*es political topics ( ! "t4 ,say]1 belong+ to ! p]iod ( ,gillray1 is1 l him1 ess5tially a political c>icaturi/4 ,james ,say] 0 ! son ( a m]*ant capta91 & _h be5 put to ! pr(ession ( attorney3 b c>icature attract$ him m ?an law1 &1 hav+ ga9$ ! notice & int]e/ ( ! y\ng] ,pitt1 he atta*$ himself to 8 s]vice ) su* indu/ry & success t ,*>les ,james ,fox is said to h rem>k$ t ,say]s' c>icatures _h co/ him m votes ?an all ! spee*es 9 ! ,h\se ( ,commons4 ,9 fact1 j z c]ta9 mod]n ,engli% politicians1--,"l ,palm]/on 9 e>li] days1 &1 9 lat]1 ,mr4 ,glad/one & ,mr4 ,joseph ,*amb]la9--seem to h be5 s+l$ out 7a complim5t ?is to ! public int]e/ 9 _! p]sonality7 z especial t>gets = ! c>icaturi/'s %aft1 s ,fox 0 ?r\gh\t ! object ( ,say]'s con/ant devotion4 ,8 fir/ ef=t 0 direct$ aga9/ ! ,rock+ham ,m9i/ry ( #aghb2 b f> happi] 0 8 ,p>adise ,lo/1 publi%$ on ! fall ( t ,adm9i/ration1 :i* %[s ! once happy pair1 ,fox & ,burke1 turn$ away f _! previ\s ,p>adise1 ! ,treasury1 ov] ^: gate appe>s ! m5ac+ head ( ,"l ,%elburne--:o succe$$ !m at ! head ( ! ,cab9et1 ,pitt be+ ,*ancellor ( ! ,ex*equ]--) o!rs ( 8 ,m9i/]ial colleagues above 444 444 ! gate ,) dreadful faces ?rong$ & fi]y arms4 ,"s natural te>s !y dropt1 b wip$ !m soon2 ,! _w 0 all be=e !m1 :]e to *oose ,_! place ( re/1 & ,provid5ce _! guide4 ,james ,gillray made 8 entry into ,engli% political c>icature almo/ at ! same date z ,say]--namely 9 #aghb--) 8 c>icatures on ! subject ( ,rodney's naval victory4 ,8 fa!r 0 ( ,scot* desc5t1 & hav+ be5 w\nd$ z a soldi] at ! battle ( ,font5oy--:]e he lo/ 8 arm--he became 9 lat] life an out-p5sion] ( ,*elsea ,hospital2 s t x 0 9 ,*elsea t ,james1 8 son1 0 born4 ,l ,william ,hog>? he too 0 put 9 8 e>ly ye>s to lett] engrav+2 b1 becom+ tir$ ( ?is r dull employm5t1 he ran away & jo9$ a company ( /roll+ play]s1 %>+ 9 ! h>d%ips & adv5tures ( _! rov+ life1 p]haps tak+ "p 9 su* sc5es z ,hog>? _h depict$ 9 8 fam\s pr9t1 :]e ! company h successfully /orm$ _! b>n & are gett+ ready--dress+-rooms be+ at a disc\nt--= ! next p]=mance4 ,b ,gillray's b5t t[>ds ! pla/ic arts mu/ h be5 too /rong to let him rema9 long 9 ! !atre3 :5 he return$ to ,london he became a /ud5t ( ! ,royal ,academy1 & seems to h work$ h>d at improv+ 8 draw+4 ,he also /udi$ "u ! engrav] ,b>tolozzi2 & ! result ( 8 tra9+ beg9s to %[ itself 9 8 engrav+s ( ,! ,des]t$ ,village & ,! ,village ,tra91 publi%$ 9 #aghd to illu/rate ,goldsmi?'s poem1 & 9 8 imitations ( draw+s by ,lav9ia1 ,c\ntess ,sp5c]4 ,b1 ?\gh successful z an engrav]1 & ev5 z a pa9t]1 x 0 z a c>icaturi/ t he 0 de/9$ to w9 8 la/+ fame4 ,"h 8 individuality came at once to ! front2 ?\gh ev5 :5 a pr(essional c>icaturi/ he cont9u$ ! practice ( engrav+ & pa9t+1 z 8 portraits ( ,william ,pitt & num]\s engrav+s be> witness4 ,! political hi/ory ( ,engl& 0 !n approa*+ a mo/ dramatic epo*1 & ?is--ev5 ap>t f ,gillray's m>vell\s natural aptitude 9 ?is direction--might well h tempt$ him to *oose politics z 8 special subject4 ,! ,fr5* & ,am]ican w>s _h sc>cely yet left m5's memories2 a ,k+ 0 on ! ?rone :o _h jo9$ to no great political sagacity or insight a /ubborn det]m9ation to gov]n2 & ! cla% ( political issues1 ! /ruggle ( ! two great traditional ,engli% p>ties1 0 int5sifi$ & r5d]$ m brilliant by ! figures ( fam\s /atesm5 or orators--su* z ,pitt1 ,fox1 ,burke1 & ,%]idan1 &1 b 9 a less] degree1 ,?url[ & ,%elburne4 ,b yet fur!r1 be=e ?is v g5]ation ! trem5d\s & 7z we %all see x to h be57 _w-absorb+ spectacle ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution 0 to unrol itself1 t\*+ e individual 9 8 mo/ intimate int]e/s & convictions1 awak+ ev]y:]e feel+s ( passionate en?usiasm1 or ( correspond+ hatr$2 & !n1 gradually1 out ( t sea ( blood :i* we "k 9 hi/ory z ! ,t]ror1 ! s9i/] =m ( ,buonap>te1 ,g5]al1 ,consul1 ,dictator1 ,emp]or1 came to deta* itself1 to blot out all less] figures1 to become a m5ace to ! _w4 ,all ?is _h pass$ be=e ! eyes ( ,gillray & 8 fell[-c\ntrym54 ,he saw ! ?und]cl\d arise t 0 to d>k5 ! horizon4 ,he saw ! en]gy & g5ius ( ,pitt create "o ,coalition aft] ano!r1 only to f9d !m melt away be=e ! victori\s armies ( ,france4 ,he saw at l5g?--& 8 trumpet-call at t crisis gave no unc]ta9 s\nd--,engl& /& alone1 & f9d 9 h]self ! =ces t 7 to br+ h] safely ?r\gh ! /orm4 ,we h not$ already ,say]s' c>icature ( ! triumph ( ! ,%elburne ,m9i/ry 9 #aghb2 a pr9t :i* _h be5 foll[$ by 8 /ill m clev] satire--call$ ,c>lo ,khan's ,triumphant ,entry into ,lead5hall ,/reet--on ,fox's ,india ,bill ( #aghc4 ,9 t same ye> ,%elburne's ,m9i/ry _h be5 ov]?r[n1 & ,fox & ,burke came back into (fice ) ,"l ,nor?4 ,aga9/ ^! /atesm51 :e!r 9 or out ( (fice1 ,gillray's p5cil became l>gely employ$1 ?\gh he 0 nev] a hir$ c>icaturi/ or kept 9 fee l ,say]1 & all sides ( politics 7includ+ ! ,c\rt & ev5 ! ,k+ himself7 felt ! edge ( 8 satire2 :ile ,"l ,?url[1 ! great ,"l ,*ancellor1 0 9 no way neglect$4 ,?us we f9d a ,new ,way to pay ! ,national ,debt 7#aghf71 ,anci5t ,music 7#aghg71 ,mon/r\s ,craws 7#aghg71 ,fry+ ,sprats 7#agia7 & ,anti-,sac*>ites1 or ,john ,bull & 8 ,family leav+ (f ! use ( ,sug> 7#agib71 are all direct$ aga9/ ! reign+ ,h\se1 & allude frequ5tly to ! p>simoni\s habits ( ,george ,,iii4 & 8 ,que54 ,! /ory goes t ?is mon>*1 hav+ rem>k$ ( ,gillray's draw+s1 ,i don't und]/& ^! c>icatures1 ! arti/ drew him 7,a ,connoisseur ,exam9+ a ,coop]1 #agib7 /udy+ m9utely ) a glass ! m9iature ( ,oliv] ,cromwell1 rem>k+ at ! "t3 ,i wond] if ! ,royal ,connoisseur w und]/& ?is8 ,b if ! economy ( ! ,k+ 0 a subject = 8 satire1 ! opposite qualities 9 ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales met ) z little m]cy4 ,! ,voluptu>y "u ! ,horrors ( ,dige/ion 7#agib7 gives a v clev] treatm5t ( ?is latt] !me2 & 9 a ,morn+ aft] ,m>riage1 or a ,sc5e ^u ! ,cont95t1 we seem to f9d ! same di/+ui%$ p]son1 ) a lady :o may be ! *>m+ ,mrs4 ,fitzh]b]t4 ,ab\t ?is p]iod1 too1 ,"l ,?url[1 9 a ,we/m9/] ,hunt 7#aghh7 & ,m>ket ,day 7also #aghh1 :]e ! motto1 ,e man 8 price1 seems aim$ at ! fat k9e ( ! ,h\se ( ,commons71 is n =gott52 :ile 9 ,dido ,=sak51 :]e ! ,que5 ( ,france /&s des]t$ & desp]ate on h] own %ores1 & ,fox & 8 fri5ds 9 a r[-boat are /e]+ = ,dov] ,ca/le ) ! rem>k1 ,i nev] saw h] 9 my life6 7,no6 nev] 9 8 life1 damme6 adds ,fox at ! rudd]71 we seem to be already gett+ drawn into ! mel/rom ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution4 ,p]haps to ! av]age /ud5t ! p]iod ( ,gillray's "w :i* we are "h approa*+ w be ( mo/ int]e/1 because a fairly exact k ( ,engli% p>ty politics is necess>y to foll[ ) enjoym5t 8 e>li] pr9ts on home affairs4 ,gillray _h treat$ a ,fr5* subject ) success 9 8 amus+ ,l&+ ( ,sir ,john ,bull & 8 ,family at ,b\logne-sur-,m]1 :i* recalls ,bunbury to our ?\ght bo? 9 its hum\r & treatm5t4 ,?is latt] arti/ _h ?or\ghly appreciat$ ,james ,gillray's g5ius1 & said ( 8 great contempor>y t he 0 a liv+ folio1 e page ( :i* ab\nd$ ) wit4 ,foll[+ ! ord] ( "t1 :i* is p]haps our safe/ guide1 ,! ,b5gal ,leve is a l>ge pr9t1 full ( clev] portraits1 made on ! spot by an ,amateur2 & ,! ,dagg] ,sc5e1 or ! ,plot discov]$1 is a political pr9t :i* mu/ n be omitt$4 ,b n[ we f9d ourselves sudd5ly laun*$ into ! mid/ ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution 9 ,fr5* ,lib]ty & ,briti% ,slav]y 7%[+ a />v+ ,jacob9 prais+ 8 own ,gov]nm5t1 & a fat ,john ,bull at d9n] abus+ 872 & ,sansculottes fe$+ ,europe ) ! ,bread ( ,lib]ty1 ?is latt] a mo/ inimitably clev] pr9t1 ^: c5tre is =m$ by ,john ,bull1 ) ,fox & a sympa?is] adm9i/]+ ! ,bread ( ,lib]ty on ! dagg]'s po9t1 :ile ,g]many1 ,holl&1 & ,italy are at ! corn]s4#i ,gillray _h already1 z we see "h1 tak5 a /rongly anti-,fr5* attitude1 :i* he nev] alt]$1 & :i*1 no d\bt1 fai?fully reflect$ ! mass ( ,engli% public op9ion1 horrifi$ at ! excesses ) :i* ,p>is _h 9 ^? days sulli$ ! pure "n ( ,lib]ty4 ,i say advis$ly ! mass1 = ,*>les ,james ,fox next appe>s 9 ,dum\ri] d9+ 9 ,/ate at ,/4 ,james's 7#agic71 s]v+ up to ! ,fr5* ,g5]al ! head ( ,pitt ^u a di%1 ) ! ,briti% cr[n ?r[n 9 z an entremet4 ,a v /rik+ pr9t ( ! same ye> %[s ! h]oic ,*>lotte ,corday ^u h] ,trial 7,july #ag1 #agic71 & a figure v l ,gillray's usual r5d]+ ( ,talleyr&1 ) two o!r judges1 ^u ! b5* b5ea? ! cap ( ,lib]ty4 ,! ,bless+s ( ,peace & ! ,curses ( ,w>1 ) its inscription--,su* ,brita9 01 su* ,fl&]s1 ,spa9 & ,holl& n[ is 7sic72 f su* a sad rev]se1 ,o ,graci\s ,god1 pres]ve our c\ntry6--is an eloqu5t1 if slightly ungrammatical1 appeal 7,jan4 #ag1 #agie7 to 8 fell[-c\ntrym51 an appeal to :i* our arti/ mu/ h be5 /irr$ by ! horrible c>nage & mis]y :i* ! ,fr5* armies 7 !n inflict+ ^u ! cont95t ( ,europe2 :ile ,john ,bull gr\nd d[n 7,june #a1 #agie7 %[s ! gu9eas be+ extract$ f t long-suff]+ p]son1 despite 8 cries ( ,murd]2 & 9 ,bl9d-man's ,buff1 or ,too ,_m = ,john ,bull 7,june #ab1 #agie7 he is be+ h&$ ov]1 ) ,pitt's assi/ance1 to ! kicks & plund] ( ! ,p[]s ( ,europe4 ,we rea* ! full horrors ( ! ,t]ror 9 ,p>is1 & trace its effect on outside op9ion1 9 a v clev] pr9t 9 my own possession entitl$ ,promis$ ,horrors ( ! ,fr5* ,invasion1 or ,=cible ,reasons = ,neglect+ a ,regicide ,peace4 ,! pr9t is s full ( ma/]ly detail t x almo/ defies description4 ,9 ! c5tre a figure 78 t ( ,pitt7 is be+ flogg$ by ,fox b5ea? ! ,tree ( ,lib]ty1 plant$ at ! ,piccadilly end ( ,/4 ,james's ,/reet1 ) ?ree human ?igh-bones at its base2 beside x ! ,fr5* troops m>* up ,/4 ,james's ,/reet1 leav+ ! ,palace 9 smoke & flames1 & invade ,:ite's ,club on _! "r1 pit*+ its ill-fat$ memb]s on to ! bayonets 9 ! /reet1 b are receiv$ by ! memb]s ( ,brookes's ,club on _! left ) cries ( welcome1 & a set ( heads neatly arrang$ ^u a plate1 ) ! motto1 ,kill$ = ! ,public ,good6 ,octob] #bj1 #agif1 is ! date ( ?is magnific5t c>toon ( our arti/1 :i* mu/ h f\nd an e*o 9 public op9ion3 b %ips1 troops1 & subsidies mean taxation1 & ,pitt's cont9u$ dem&s on ! ,treasury are satiris$ 9 ,! ,nuptial ,b[] 7,febru>y #ae1 #agig7 & ,political ,ravi%m5t1 or ,! ,old ,lady ( ,?readne$le ,/reet 9 ,dang] 7,may #bb1 #agig74 ,,! ,,jacob9 ,,drumm] ,by ,james ,gillray ,,britannia ,,betwe5 ,,dea? ,,& ,,! ,,doctors ,9 ! ye> foll[+ 7#agih7 ! =m ( ,nelson makes its appe>ance 9 ! pr9t ( ,! ,briti% ,h]o cleans+ ye ,m\? ( ye ,nile1 & 9 ,john ,bull ,tak+ a ,lun*eon--(f a captur$ ,fr5* ?ree-deck]4 ,= n[1 too 7,novemb] #ba1 #agii71 ! figure ( ,buonap>te1 :i* 0 to occupy s fully ,gillray's p5cil1 makes 8 entry into ^! c>icatures 9 ! c>toon ( ,exit ,lib]t1 a la ,francois 7sic7 or1 ,buonap>te clos+ ! ,f>ce ( ,egalit at ,s4 ,cl\d1 ne> ,p>is1 ,novemb] #af1 #agii4 ,ano!r pr9t1 h[ev]1 t\*+ ! ,directorate p]iod is too important to be entirely omitt$ f our li/4 ,x is call$ ,ci-devant ,occupations1 or ,madame ,talli5 & ! ,empress ,joseph9e danc+ nak$ be=e ,b>ras 9 ! ,w9t] or #agig--;a ,fact4 ,! danc]s c be trac$ beh9d a veil ( gauze1 :ile ,b>ras sits at table1 v drunk1 b5ea? an infant ,bac*us we>+ ! ,cap ( ,lib]ty1 & ,buonap>te wat*es ! sc5e f ! side 9 front ( a pile ( skulls4 ,madame ,talli51 we are "h in=m$1 is a beautiful woman1 tall & elegant3 ,joseph9e is small] & ?91 ) bad tee?2 9 :i* case %e mu/ be ! figure ne>e/ ,buonap>te1 & mu/ h gone up 9 weight--9 ,gillray's view--be=e %e appe>s 9 8 ,h&writ+ on ! ,wall4 ,x w\ld be impossible )9 ! limits ( ?is s]ies to give a detail$ li/ ( all ! sup]b s]ies ( ,gillray's satires on ! ,napoleonic /ruggle4 ,i h be5 =tunate en\gh to obta9 = ?is "w reproductions ( ?ree among ! be/ ones2 b my acc\nt may d well to comm5ce ) t delightful pr9t 7ano!r hit at ,*>les ,james ,fox7 ( ! ,introduction ( ,citiz5 ,volpone & 8 ,suite at ,p>is2 might note fur!r ,! ,vexation ( ,little ,boney2 & /rike a high] note 9 ,! ,h&writ+ ^u ! ,wall1 :]e1 9 ! h\r ( 8 triumph1 ,buonap>te1 seat$ at table beside an enorm\sly /\t ,joseph9e1 ) gigantic & savage-look+ ,gu>ds & v dcolletes & r+let$ maids-(-hon\r wait+ 9 s]vice on !m1 sees ) dilat$ eyes on ! wall ! w>n+ ( 8 doom4 ,by ,james ,gillray ,,arm$ ,,h]oes 7,,william ,,pitt ,,& ,,buonap>te7 ,( c\rse ! ?reat5$ invasion ( ,engl& f9ds its e*o 9 ,gillray's pr9ts4 ,fr5* ,invasion1 or ,buonap>te ,l&+1 ,arm$ ,h]oes 7( :i* ,i give "h a reproduction71 & ! ,k+ ( ,brob9dnag & ,gulliv] all belong to ?is !me ( ! nation's p]il2 z does t int]e/+ pr9t1 :i* ,i also reproduce1 ( ,britannia betwe5 ,dea? & ! ,doctor1 :]e ! sick lady is ?reat5$ on ! "o side by ,buonap>te z ,dea?1 ! :ile ,pitt1 z *ief physician1 executes a w> dance at ! exp5se ( 8 pr(essional rivals1 plant+ 8 heel v neatly 9 ! m\? ( ! pro/rate ,*>les ,james ,fox4 ,napoleon's ,european victories f9d comm5t 9 ! ,surr5d] ( ,ulm1 & 9 ano!r ( my plates1 ,tiddy ,doll1 ! ,great ,fr5* ,g+]bread ,mak]1 draw+ out a ,new ,bat* ( ,k+s1 :]e ,talleyr& seems1 v appropriately1 to be ! figure 9 ! backgr\nd knead+ ! d\gh 7note1 too1 ! rubbi% heap74 ,b ! wor/ dang] 0 pa/ already at ! "t 7z we "k n[7 ( t f9e plate t commemorates ! ,dea? ( ,admiral ,"l ,nelson 9 ! ,mom5t ( ,victory1 publi%$ by ,humphrey ( ,/4 ,james ,/reet1 on ,decemb] #bc1 #ahje4 ,gillray1 aft] try+ v>i\s publi%]s--,k5t1 ,br[n1 ,holl& ( ,ox=d ,/reet1 ,=es ( ,piccadilly--seems to h settl$ d[n ) ,humphrey1 fir/ 9 ! ,/r&1 !n 9 ,bond ,/reet1 & lat] ,/4 ,james ,/reet1 ^: %op-w9d[s became fam$ = 8 pr9ts4 ,joseph ,grego1 a kn[n au?ority on our arti/1 relates t ,fox & ,burke once walk$ into ! %op toge!r1 al>m+ ! wor?y proprietress by ?is sudd5 invasion ( ,gillray's fav\rite subjects4 ,b ,burke reassur$ h] ) a smile3 ,7 ,i to prosecute y x w\ld be ! mak+ ( y\r =tune2 & t fav\r1 excuse me1 ,mrs4 ,humphrey1 y d n entirely m]it at my h&s4 ,we may t]m9ate our /udy or ,gillray's ,napoleonic c>icatures v appropriately ) ! ,spani% ,bullfight1 9 :i* ,buonap>te is toss$ by ! ,spani% bull 7,p59sul> ,w> ( #ahjh7 be=e ! assembl$ ,p[]s ( ,europe 7dat$ ,july #aa1 #ahjh72 & ! f9e pr9t ( ! ,valley ( ! ,%ad[ ( ,dea? 7,septemb] #bd1 #ahjh71 9 :i* ! pr$iction ( an e>li] pr9t 7,! ,h&writ+ on ! ,wall7 seems ne> its fulfilm5t1 & ! ,p[]s ( ,europe 9 grim demonic %apes surr\nd ! t]rifi$ rul]1 ! ,briti% lion *>g+ him full 9 front1 :ile ! ,russian be> takes an ugly snat* f beh9d at 8 legs4 ,by ,james ,gillray ,,buonap>te ,,z ,,k+-,,mak] 7,,) ,,talleyr& ,,to ,,help7 ,james ,gillray's political c>icatures are s int]e/+ & s important1 !y =m su* a priceless comm5t>y on ! hi/ory ( ! "t1 t ,i h giv5 !m ! priority ( space ov] 8 amus+ social satires1 :i* sc\rge )\t m]cy ! follies ( dress & fa%ion4 ,a ,lady putt+ on h] ,cap 7#agie71 ,lady ,godiva's ,r\t 7#agif71 ,high ,*ange 9 ,bond ,/reet 7#agif71 ,a ,mod]n ,belle at ,ba? 7#agif71 & ,a ,fa%ionable ,mamma come into ?is class1 z well z ,foll[+ ! ,fa%ion1 ,*>act]s 9 ,high ,life1 & _m o!rs4 ,x 0 ! epo* :5 ,engli% ladies' wai/s seem to h ris5 ne>ly to _! arm-pits1 & :5 _! hair t[]$ up correspond+ly into a =e/ ( fea!rs2 & all ! above pr9ts--z well z ! s]ies ( ,f>o's ,daught]s1 direct$ at ! gambl+ craze1 ,! ,graces 9 a ,high ,w9d 7z se5 f ,nature 9 ,k5s+ton ,g>d5s71 & ! /ill m risky s]ies ( ,?ree ,/ages ( a ,lady's ,toilet1--depict ^! extreme fa%ions4 ,tales ( ,wond]1 ,advantages ( ,we>+ ,musl9 ,dresses1 d$icat$ to ! ,fa%ionable ,ladies ( ,great ,brita91 ,a ,broad ,h9t ( n ,mean+ to ,dance1 ,a ,company %ock$ at a ,lady gett+ up to ,r+ ! ,bell1 belong to a slightly lat] p]iod ( co/ume1 say #ahjb-jd4 ,dido 9 ,despair is evid5tly a satire on ! beautiful ,lady ,hamilton1 :o is h[ev] repres5t$ 9 ?is pr9t z enorm\sly fat4#aj ,gillray has evid5tly no sympa?y or m]cy = ! frail & fam\s beauty2 = "h %e is tumbl+ out ( b$ 9 nightcap & nightdress1 f :i* a huge foot protrudes1 :ile %e waves h] fat arms 9 despair4 ,a flask ( ,m>as*9o is on ! dress+-table ne> ! r\ge pot2 on ! floor lie brok5 antiques2 & a "w on ,/udies ( ,academic ,attitudes1 ) sc>cely academic illu/rations1 lies ne> ! w9d[1 ?r\gh :i* is se5 a l9e ( ,briti% battle%ips /&+ out to sea4 ,ah :]e & oh :]e is my gallant sailor gone8 ,he's gone to fight ! ,fr5*m5 = ,george ^u ! ?rone1-- is ! motto ( ?is pr9t1 :i* 0 publi%$ by ,humphrey on ,febru>y #f ( #ahja4 ,! ,bul/rode ,sir5 7,mrs4 ,bill+ton71 :]e %e is se5 w>bl+ to ! ,duke ( ,portl&1 f>es little bett] ?an ,emma h]self2 & ,sir ,william ,hamilton appe>s1 9 ano!r ( ,gillray's satires1 z ,a ,conosc5ti contemplat+ ye beauties ( ye ,antique4 ,among ^! la/ objets d'art a batt]$ ,lais & a ,bac*ante :o has lo/ h] head seem z full ( cryptic allusion z ! danc+ figures on a ,greek vase & ! ,cupid ) a b5t arr[2 :ile q 9 ,hog>?'s be/ ve9 is ! ,m>k ,antony fram$ ^u ! wall1 9 a cock$ hat & admiral's uni=m1 ! ,cleopatra ) a g9 bottle1 & a view ( ,vesuvius 9 full eruption4 ,%]idan is a frequ5t figure 9 ,gillray's political c>icatures2 b p]haps he 0 nev] m happily treat$ ?an :5 he ent]s z ,h>lequ91 arm$ ) a goose quill1 & assi/$ by ,john ,kemble & ! fam\s ,mrs4 ,siddons1 9 ,bl[+ up ! ,pic ,nics4 ,to ! same class & subject ( satire belongs ! ,pic ,nic ,or*e/ra & ,dilettante ,!atre--?is la/ a ,gre5-room sc5e :i* seems rem9isc5t ( ,hog>?'s pr9t ( a simil> subject4 ,two-p5ny ,:i/ & ,pu%-p9 are fill$ ) contempor>y portraits2#aa & ! two s]ies ( ,cockney ,sportsm5 7#d plates1 #ahjj7 & ,elem5ts ( ,skat+ 7#d plates1 #ahje7 mu/ n be ov]look$ any m ?an su* weirdly hide\s creations z ,com=t to ! ,corns1 z ,begone dull ,c>e1 ,i pri!e1 & ,! ,g\t4 ,int]e/+1 h[ev]1 ?\gh mu* ( ,gillray's social satire c]ta9ly is1 x sc>cely rea*es ! same level z 8 political "w4 ,he 0 a magnific5t engrav]1 & 0 able 9 8 be/ "t to build up 8 c>toon ) ! smalle/ possible scaffold+1 a few l9es p5cill$ ^u a c>d be+ en\gh to enable him to comm5ce at once ^u ! copp]2 :ile ! fre$om & facility ( 8 design is witness$ amply by all 8 pr9ts--^? pr9ts :i* we h n[ /udi$ 9 "s measure toge!r1 ?\gh any?+ 9 ! nature ( a compreh5sive catalogue is d5i$ me by ! space at my comm&4 ,8 influ5ce1 too1 ^u ,isaac ,cruik%ank is to be m>k$1 z a l9k 9 ! evolution ( ,engli% c>icature4 ,9 8 lat] ye>s ,james ,gillray resid$ almo/ entirely ) 8 k9dly publi%]1 ,mrs4 ,humphrey1 ( :om1 z ,i h not$1 he has left a :imsical portrait1 ) h] fai?ful maid giggl+ ,betty1 9 8 pr9t ( ,two-p5ny ,:i/4 ,mrs4 ,humphrey appreciat$ h] cli5t's g5ius1 & at "o "t _! mutual und]/&+ got s f> on ! road to matrimony t !y _h already rea*$ ! door ( ! *ur* 7_! p>i% *ur* ( ,s4 ,james1 ,piccadilly7 :5 ?is ecc5tric bridegroom rem>k$1 ,?is is a fooli% affair1 ,mrs4 ,humphrey4 ,we live v com=tably toge!r--bett] let well alone6--& walk$ home to "w on 8 copp] plate4 ,b ev5 if ?is leg5d ( blight$ hopes be correct1 ! good sp9/] 9 any case devot$ h]self no less to ! arti/'s com=t & welf>e2 & ! trag$y ( 8 lat] ye>s 0 due to himself alone4 ,intemp]ance weak5$ 8 p[]s2 & 9 ! la/ ye>s ( 8 life he laps$1 f ?is cause probably1 into a condition ( m5tal imbecility1 :i* contra/s sadly ) ^? busy & successful ye>s ( 8 life1 f #aggg to close on #ahaj4 ,he di$ ^u ! #a/ ( ,june1 #ahae1 & 0 buri$ ne> ! rectory ( ,s4 ,james1 ,piccadilly2 )9 rea* ( ! busy ro> ( t ,london ^: complex multitud9\s life he _h liv$ among/ & lov$ & /udi$1 & :i* /ill surges ar\nd 8 la/ re/+-place 9 *ang$ & ev]-*ang+ =ms4 ,v ,,! ,,com$y ,,( ,,life ,?omas ,r[l&son1 ! la/ & 9 "s ways ! greate/ ( ! c>icaturi/s ^: "w illu/rates ! eighte5? c5tury1 0 born 9 ,london 9 #agef1 be+ ?us j six ye>s y\ng] ?an ,bunbury1 & "o ye> old] ?an ,gillray2 s t all ^! arti/s cov] v mu* ! same p]iod1 al?\gh _! "w has elem5ts ( ! greate/ div]sity4 ,9 ,bunbury we h se5 ! really gift$ amateur1 :o entru/$ 8 clev] sket*es to o!r h&s to be engrav$1 :o kept 9 t\* ) social life 9 ,london & c\nty society1 & pursu$ 8 c>e] 9 ! army & at ,c\rt1 :ile ?r\gh\t devot+ himself to art z 8 greate/ hobby4 ,aga91 lat]1 we h trac$ briefly ,gillray's supreme tal5t1 bo? z engrav] & draughtsman1 m especially 9 8 magnific5t s]ies ( contempor>y political c>toons4 ,b 9 ,r[l&son we t\* a g5ius z f]tile1 b ( a diff]5t ord]1 &1 ,i incl9e to ?9k1 ( a consid]ably wid] grasp2 & if ,i call ?is *apt]1 :i* ,i am devot+ especially to 8 "w1 ! ,com$y ( ,life--9 contra/ to pictorial morals1 to society or politics--x is because life 9 all its exub]ance1 all its v>iety & f]tility1 seems to /ream on u f ! gift$ arti/'s p5cil4 ,b ,life conta9s--?anks be--n only co>se1 di/ort$ types ( humanity1 exagg]ations ( fooli% fa%ion1 & political antagonisms1 b grace & beauty1 ev5 ) ! *ang+ =m ( ! "t-_s2 & x is j "h t ,r[l&son inf9itely surpasses ^? contempor>ies :om we /udi$ 9 our la/ *apt]4 ,8 female figures h (t5 t ri* ,engli% beauty :i* we f9d 9 ,reynolds1 ,hoppn]1 or sometimes 9 ,morl&2 & 8 l&scape has qualities ( v exceptional m]it4 ,he might1 we are frequ5tly tempt$ to ?9k1 h be5 a pa9t] wor?y to take a front rank ev5 9 t magnific5t ,engli% eighte5?-c5tury s*ool1 :i* includ$ ,reynolds1 ,ga9sbor\gh1 ,romney1 ,hoppn]1 among its glories2 b z we come to /udy 8 life we %all f9d 9 ! ins\ciance ( 8 "*1 9 ! v facility ( 8 g5ius1 ! causes :i* made him--n1 inde$1 entirely to our loss--only ! greate/ c>icaturi/ ( 8 "t4 ,z a boy already1 at ,dr4 ,b>r['s academy 9 ,soho1 he _h attract$ notice by 8 humor\s sket*es ( 8 fell[ pupils2 & 9 8 sixte5? ye> he w5t to ,p>is at ! invitation ( 8 aunt1 a ,mlle4 ,*ateli]1 ) ! object ( pursu+ art /udy 9 t city4 ,he _h already be5 admitt$ z a /ud5t 9 ! ,royal ,academy2 & 8 life /udies 9 ,p>is are said to h possess$ great m]it4 ,p>is itself at ?is "t 7ab\t #aggb-d71 ) ,l\is ,,xv4 /ill on ! ?rone1 mu/ h be5 v fasc9at+ to ! "y ,engli% lad1 liv+ ) a relative :o treat$ him ) affection & g5]osity1 9 ! fir/ consci\sness too ( 8 g5ius1 9 ! mid/ ( a mo/ brilliant capital1 & ) e prospect ( =tune wait+ = him4 ,^! ye>s left1 )\t d\bt1 an indelible impression on 8 m9d4 ,mr4 ,grego1 an au?ority on ?is arti/ z well z ,gillray1 expresses ?is#ab v happily :5 he says3 ,x 0 ! m romantic ,p>is ( ,/]ne t ,r[l&son fir/ view$1 & he seems to h recognis$ & not$ d[n ! *>act]i/ics ( ! same typical p]sonages describ$ by ',yorick'2 _! two satirical po9ts ( view 7 id5tical4 ,x 0 inde$ ! ideal arti/ic c5tre3 ,fragon>d1 ,lavri5ce1 ,eis51 ,/4 ,aub91 & ! s*ool ( foll[]s ( ,b\*] & ,lancret--elegant trifl]s 9 _! way1 b unequall$ = da% & brilliancy--7 ! lead+ spirits z ,r[l&son imbib$ 8 fir/ inspiration f ^! attractive fonts4 ,8 two ye>s' resid5ce 9 ! mid/ ( ^! appetis+ surr\nd+s mu/ h be5 ! happie/ ( ,r[l&son's c>e]2 ! se$s s[n amid ^! gay] sc5es blossom$ =? 9 lat] ye>s1 & influ5c$ ! arti/ 9 gradually devot+ 8 gifts f ! dull r\t9e ( portrait-pa9t+ to ! indulg5ce ( 8 fruitful imag9ation4 ,:e!r inde$ all ! influ5ce :i* ! critic "h m5tions 0 entirely = good1 is1 ,i ?9k myself1 op5 to "q4 ,x is q possible t our arti/ acquir$ at ?is "t ! ta/e = gambl+ :i* l$ him to ! br9k ( ru9 m ?an once 9 lat] life2 & ,i h sugge/$ already t _h he kept to pa9t+ he might h a*iev$ 9 t m$ium a fame f> above ev5 t :i* he n[ possesses4 ,= on 8 return to ,london he resum$ 8 /udies at ! ,royal ,academy ,s*ools1 & 9 #agge exhibit$ at ! ,academy ,samson visit$ by ,delilah1 :i* he foll[$ up by ! portraits on :i* he 0 busy n[ 9 ,w>d\r ,/reet f #aggh to #agha4 ,8 "w mu/ h %[n consid]able p[] to be hung beside ! canvases ( ,reynolds1 ,romney1 & ,hoppn]2 b at ! lat] date ( #aghd 8 exhibit$ draw+s--,vauxhall ,g>d5s1 ,! ,s]p5t9e1 & ,an ,italian ,family--%[ already a t5d5cy to ! light] side ( art1 & betwe5 ! above date & #aghg ! direction ( 8 art has *ang$ 9 fav\r ( c>icature4 ,8 imag9ation 0 z f]tile z 8 p5cil 0 facile4 ,! m>ket 0 easy--,=es 7= :om ,gillray also work$71 ,ack]mann1#ac & o!rs (f]+ a ready sale = 8 satires2 &1 s9ce we are treat+ ( him "h z a c>icaturi/1 x is at ?is po9t t we mu/ take 8 "w 9 detail4 ,! purely humor\s pr9ts comm5ce z e>ly z #agha 7,! ,village ,doctor1 publi%$ 9 ,june ( t ye> by ,humphrey71 & are foll[$ up 7,novemb] #bg1 same ye> & publi%]7 by ,*>ity ,cov]e? a ,multitude ( ,s9s1 & t unpleas+ subject 7publi%$ by ,=es1 #aghc7 ( ,! ,amputation2 b x is 9 8 political c>toons ( #aghd--su* z ,britannia r\s$1 or ! ,coalition ,mon/] de/roy$--t we beg9 to recognise ! di/9ctive t\* ( ,?omas ,r[l&son4 ,?is vigor\s pr9t %[s a half-drap$ female figure cat*+ ,*>les ,james ,fox by ! ankle & ,"l ,nor? by ! ?roat2 9 ?is pr9t he takes ! same political attitude z 8 contempor>y ,gillray1 :om he resembles1 ?\gh f> less virul5tly1 9 8 anti-,fr5* pr9ts1 :ile he %[s less m>k$ ho/ility to ! reign+ h\se4 ,! fam\s ,we/m9/] election ( ! same ye> 7#aghd7 br\ght ,r[l&son /ill fur!r into political satire1 9 :i* ,*>les ,james ,fox & ! beautiful ,georg9a1 ,du*ess ( ,devon%ire1 are lead+ figures4 ,9 ,! ,devon%ire1 or ! mo/ approv$ mann] ( secur+ votes1 ! lovely du*ess is be/[+ a w>m embrace on a vot]1 9 ! %ape ( a fat but*]1 :ile ano!r lady1 p]haps ! ,du*ess ( ,gordon1 looks on approv+ly ) ! words ,huzza6 ,fox = ev]6 ,9 ! ,lords ( ! ,b$*amb]1 ,georg9a1 seat$ 9 h] b\doir b5ea? ,reynolds' portrait ( h] duke1 is ent]ta9+ to tea two privileg$ visitors1 ,fox & 8 lead+ support]1 ,sam ,h\se--brave1 bald-head$ ,sam z he 0 !n call$4 ,! en?usia/ic support :i* h] ,grace gave to ,fox's c&idature gave an op5+ :i* 0 us$--(t5 too freely--by ! c>icaturi/s4 ,9 ,wit's la/ /ake1 or ! ,cobbl]'s vote1 %e is seat$ ^u ,fox's knee1 ! :ile a cobbl] puts a /it* into h] %oe1 s t %e may h ! excuse ( p\r+ a h&ful ( gu9eas into 8 wife's h&4 ,9 ano!r pr9t %e appe>s neglect+ ! infant heir ( ! ,cav5di%es = a fox1 dress$ up 9 baby clo!s2 & ^u ,fox's triumphant return is made by ! arti/ to c>ry him pick-a-back1 & to /op at ,mungo's ,hotel = a drop ( g94 ,x is b fair to our ,c>icaturi/ to say t ! fair ,pittite *ampion1 ,lady ,buck+ham1 is treat$ no less m]cilessly2 & t1 ev5 :ile he 0 aim+ ! mo/ outrage\s %afts ( ridicule & innu5do at ! ,du*ess1 8 p5cil did ju/ice to h] extraord9>y beauty & *>m1 bo? 9 ! pr9ts above m5tion$1 & 9 a ,procession to ! ,hu/+s aft] a successful ,canvass1 9 :i* %e leads ! way 9 a big picture hat1 & c>ry+ a p]fectly indescribable ensign ) ,! ,man ( ! ,p z its leg5d4 ,f9ally1 ,! ,we/m9/] ,m5dicant & ! ,we/m9/] ,des]t] drumm$ out complete ?is really brilliant s]ies ( election c>icatures1 ( :i* ,i h only detail$ ! mo/ int]e/+4 ,9 ! la/-nam$ pr9t x is brave baldhead$ ,sam ,h\se :o beats ! drum1 :ile on 8 left is ! triumphant c&idate1 ,*>les ,james ,fox1 :o addresses ! cr[d ) ! "t-hall[$ words1 ,fri5ds & fell[ citiz5s1 ,i _c f9d words to express my feel+s1 etc41 & on 8 "r ! defeat$ ,sir ,cecil ,wray2 :ile beh9d are ! ,iri% *airm5 :o _h f\ght 79 e s5se ( ! ^w7 s lu/ily = ,fox1 & a procession ( ,london maids]vants1 arm$ ) mops & brooms4 ,9 my acc\nt ( ?is s]ies ( pr9ts 7:i* all fall )9 ! dates ( ,april & ,may ( #aghd7 ,i %all note briefly "o rema9+ pr9t1 ,= ! ,b5efit ( ! ,*ampion1 9 :i* ,fox & ,"l ,nor?1 9 female attire1 & ! ,du*ess 9 h] l>ge picture hat1 b dcollette1 & ) b>e arms1 are busy s++ a dirge on ! defeat$ oppon5t4 ,georg9a1 a figure ( delici\s sprightl9ess & beauty1 po9ts to ! tomb/one m>k$ ,"h lies poor ,cecil ,ray1 :ile ! spectacl$ pr(ile ( ,burke peeps into ! door4 ,& "h ,i may rem>k aga9 h[ a/oni%+ly to my own exp]i5ce a /udy ( ^! pr9ts makes hi/ory real1 vivid1 & liv+4 ,^! dry bones ( bygone politics become clo!d ) fle%2 & names :i* we _h /udi$ ) cold] int]e/ become fri5ds1 & almo/ intimates4 ,ere we leave ! !me ( politics1 x may be not$ t 9 ! great ,fr5* ,w> ,r[l&son does n come beh9d ,gillray 9 8 patriotic en?usiasm4 ,a :ole s]ies ( pr9ts1 f ,july to ,septemb] #ahjh1 0 direct$ aga9/ ,napoleon2 :ile ,nelson appe>s 9 a pr9t ( :i*1 by ! k9dness ( its possessor1 ,mr4 ,newman1 a great collector ( ,nelson relics1 ,i am able to give a plate--,admiral ,nelson recruit+ ) 8 brave t>s aft] ! glori\s ,battle ( ! ,nile 7publi%$ by ,ack]mann1 ,octob] #bj1 #agih72 & bo? contempor>y figures are allud$ to 9 ,napoleon ,buonap>te 9 a ,fev] on ,receiv+ ! ,a/\nd+ ,gazette ( ,nelson's ,victory ov] ! ,comb9$ ,fleets 7,ack]mann1 ,novemb] #ac1 #ahje74 ,by ,?omas ,r[l&son ,,nelson ,,recruit+ ,,) ,,8 ,,brave ,,t>s ,,aft] ,,! ,,battle ,,( ,,! ,,nile ,b x is "t = u to betake ourselves to ,r[l&son's social c>icatures1 :i* aft] all repres5t ! be/ ( 8 life "w2 & ,i am tempt$ to quote--9 seek+ illu/ration ( t wond]ful s5se ( life :i* seems to /ream ^u u f 8 p5cil--"s words ( my own 9 an e>li] "w1 9 :i* ,i _h occasion to treat ( ?is arti/4 ,^! creatures ( 8 sc5es ( com$y--drawn boldly 9 outl9e ) ! re$ p5 dipp$ 9 ,indian ink & v]million1 ) ! %ad[s !n wa%$ 91 & ! :ole slightly t9t$ 9 col\r--seem full-blood$1 vigor\s1 ov]fl[+ ) animal life & en]gy4 ,8 wom5 above all are delici\s4 ,r voluptu\s1 p]haps1 & full 9 =m1 b yet indescribably *>m+ 9 _! mob caps1 or ^? big 'picture' hats t ,george ,morl& lov$1 9 ! tight sleeves & high-wai/$ g[ns fall+ 9 long folds ab\t _! limbs--_! eyes sp>kl+ ) rogu]y1 & _! :ole be+ brea?+ ! *>m ( sex4#ad ,we may comm5ce our /udy ( 8 social satires "h1 9 foll[+ to "s ext5t ! sequ5ce ( "t1 ) ,a ,sket* f ,nature--publi%$ by ,j4 ,r4 ,smi? 9 ,janu>y ( #aghd1 & engrav$ by him 9 /ipple ) great beauty & f9i%4 ,! subject "h recalls a v simil> sc5e 9 ,hog>?'s ,rake's ,progress1 = "h1 z !re1 a m]ry company ( bo? sexes is engag$ 9 riot\s revel2 & ! w9e & pun* fl[+ freely has got into ! heads1 & f\nd expression 9 ! behavi\r1 ( ! nymphs & _! att5dant swa9s4 ,money-l5d]s1 ,c\ncillor & ,cli5t1 & ,booksell] & ,au?or 7all #aghd7 are excell5t "*-/udies ( male figures3 ! eighte5? c5tury evid5tly ne$$ ! pres5ce ( ,sir ,walt] ,besant1 = ! booksell] is fat1 prosp]\s1 & ov]be>+1 ! au?or t]ribly ?91 poorly dress$1 & look+ ov]work$4 ,9 ,! ,gold5 ,apple or ! ,mod]n ,p>is 7#aghe7 ! fair ,georg9a aga9 appe>s be=e u ) h] rival beauties1 ! ,du*esses ( ,rutl& & ,gordon3 ,"h ,juno ,devon1 all sublime1 ,m9]va ,gordon's wit & eyes1 ,sweet ,rutl&1 ,v5us 9 h] prime4 ,! ?ree ladies appe> be=e ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales1 aft]w>ds ,george ! ,f\r?--! ,mod]n ,p>is :o has ! difficult task ( aw>d+ ! apple4 ,! ,pr9ce re-appe>s 9 ,r[l&son's fam\s pr9t ( ,vauxhall ,g>d5s 7publi%$ by ,j4 ,r4 ,smi? 9 #aghe7 ) a /> ^u 8 brea/1 :]e he is pay+ mu* att5tion to ,mrs4 ,rob9son--! lovely ,p]dita1 ^: portrait n[ hangs 9 ! ,wallace ,collection4 ,! ,du*ess ( ,devon%ire & h] si/]1 ,lady ,duncannon1 are well 9 ! c5tre ( ! picture2 ,capta9 ,topham takes 9 ! gay sc5e ?r\gh 8 glass2 ,doctor ,johnson1 9 a supp] box1 seems deeply engag$ ^u 8 meal1 ?\gh ,mrs4 ,?rale is on 8 "r & ,bozzy & ,goldsmi? are ( ! p>ty4 ,capta9 7lat] ,colonel7 ,topham1 ! mac>oni1 man ( ta/e & editor ( ,! ,_w1 appe>s 9 ano!r plate ( #aghe--;z ,capta9 ,epilogue1 & z ,colonel ,topham endeav\r+ to ext+ui% ! ,g5ius ( ,holman 7! actor72 & to ! same date belong ,grog on ,bo>d & ,tea on ,%ore1 z well z ! pr9t 9 col\r *os5 = illu/ration to ?is *apt]4 ,filial ,affection1 z ?is is call$1 depict+ a runaway trip to ,gretna ,gre51 speaks s fully = itself t x ne$s no fur!r description f my p52 b ,i may m5tion "h its companion pr9t 7also publi%$ by ,mr4 ,h9ton on ,decemb] #ae ( #aghe71 & call$ ,! ,reconciliation1 or ,! ,return f ,scotl&1 9 :i* ! pair ( fugitives--:om we h j se5 pres5t+ _! horse pi/ols at ! p>5tal p\rsuivant--h n[ return$1 all p5it5ce & submission1 & h won _! =giv5ess4 ,a v curi\s & some:at grisly adaptation ( ,filial ,affection is reproduc$ by ,messrs4 ,bell1 to illu/rate ! article ^u ,r[l&son 9 _! new & valuable edition ( ,bryan's ,diction>y4 ,x is a plate f ,! ,dance ( ,dea?1 an illu/rat$ volume publi%$ by ,ack]mann 9 #ahae1 & resembles ! e>li] pr9t--save t ! figure beh9d ! angry p>5t is a skeleton rid] m\nt$ on a skeleton /e$4 ,at ?is po9t1 9 t\*+ ^! two p]iods 7( #aghe & #ahae7 we may note h[ f> fre%] & m spontane\s is ! figure-"w 9 t ri* p]iod f #aghe onw>ds4 ,r[l&son _h ga9$1 p]haps1 9 :at we may call 8 ,dr4 ,syntax p]iod1 9 ! treatm5t ( l&scape p]spective or ! mass+ ( cr[ds1 b _h become m ( ! c>icaturi/1 _h lo/ ! ri* organic beauty :i* really irradiates "s ( 8 e>li] pr9ts4 ,,filial ,,affection4 ,by ,?omas ,r[l&son4 ,a pr9t 9 col\r f my own collection1 publi%$ by ,=es only sixte5 days e>li] 7,novemb] #cj1 #aghe7 ?an ,filial ,affection1 may help "h to illu/rate my mean+4 ,intrusion on ,/udy or ,! ,pa9t] ,di/urb$1 %[s a v *>m+ model1 attir$ 9 no?+ b ! prettie/ ( mob caps1 pos+ = "s goddess on ! canvas ( ! arti/1 :o turns to wave 8 palette & bru%es--a mo/ effective weapon ( def5ce--9 ! faces ( two unwelcome visitors ( 8 own sex1 :o h j brok5 9 op5-m\!d ^u 8 /udy4 ,! details ( ! /udio1 ! expressive faces ( ! arti/ & 8 visitors 7especially ! second71 are 9 ,r[l&son's be/ mood2 b :at is m int]e/+1 because m exceptional1 is ! exquisite feel+ ( l9e1 z subtle z any?+ ,be>dsley has record$1 9 ! girl's recumb5t figure--9 ! fl[ ( ! %\ld] into ! "r arm1 & 9 ! sweep ( ! "r hip1 & faultless draw+ ( ! "r h&--:i* t\*es a note ( purely pla/ic beauty entirely beyond ! rea* ( ei!r ,hog>? or ,gillray4 ,joseph ,grego says ( our arti/ v ju/ly3 ,r[l&son's s5se ( fem99e lovel9ess1 ( irresi/ible graces ( face expression & attitude1 0 unequall$ 9 its way2 sev]al ( 8 female portraits h be5 mi/ak5 = sket*es by ,ga9sbor\gh or ,morl&1 & z su*1 x is possible1 s9ce ! c>icaturi/ is s little kn[n 9 ?is bran*1 t _m cont9ue to pass curr5t4#ae ,an engrav+ :i* came into my own h&s1 "s ye>s ago1 ( ?ree "y girls by ,r[l&son1 might be an exact illu/ration ( ^! words1 & z ! above writ] says1 be a portrait gr\p by ,ga9sbor\gh or ,hoppn]--s ref9$ & yet s ma/]ly 0 ! treatm5t4 ,i allud$ to ?is pr9t ) o!rs1 :5 speak+ ( ,r[l&son z :at might be "h call$ a fem9i/ 9 my /udy ( ,b>tolozzi & 8 contempor>ies1 & f\nd illu/ration !re ( ?is peculi>ly *>m+ type ( 8 wom5 9 ,luxury 7typifi$1 = ?is arti/1 by breakfa/ 9 b$71 ,h\se ,break]s1 ,! ,inn ,y>d on ,fire 7:]e ! ladies are mak+ a v impromptu exit71 9 ! lovely model ( ,! ,arti/ ,di/urb$1 & 7= wom5 ( fa%ion7 9 ! s]ies 7twelve pr9ts 9 all7 ( ! ,com=ts ( ,ba?4 ,i m5tion !re1 too1 t delightful pr9t ( ,lady ,hamilton at ,home1 :]e poor ,sir ,william 7:om ! c>icaturi/s nev] neglect$7 is suff]+ f an acute attack ( g\t1 :ile ! lovely ,emma1 9 v classic g>b1 is wat]+ a fl[]-pot1 & ,miss ,cornelia ,knight1 also dress$ aft] ! antique1 t\*es ! /r+s ( a lyre1 & w>bles poems ( h] own composition4 ,9 treat+1 h[ev]1 ( ,r[l&son's wom51 o!r pr9ts1 su* z ,ta/es ,diff]1 ,op]a ,boxes1 ,h>mony1 ,a ,nap 9 ,t[n1 & ,9 ! ,c\ntry1 ,int]ruption1 or ,inconv5i5ce ( a ,lodg+ ,h\se 7publi%$ ,april #aghi71 & ,damp ,%eets 7,augu/ #agia71 h a /rong claim on our notice4 ,nor mu/ ,i entirely neglect "h ,r[l&son's pr9t call$ ,prep>ation = ! ,academy1 or ,old ,joseph ,nollek5s & 8 ,v5us 7#ahjj74 ,x is p]haps ! ,miss ,coleman "h ^u ! model-/& :o ne>ly caus$ a dome/ic brea* betwe5 old ,nollek5s & 8 jeal\s sp\se--! gr\p on :i* he is at "w be+ 8 ,v5us ,*id+ ,cupid1 :i* 0 modell$ = ,"l ,y>bor\gh4 ,! ,life ( ! ,sculptor ,nollek5s1 by 8 pupil ,john ,?omas ,smi?1 conta9s "s amus+ contempor>y gossip4 ,he describes ! sculptor mu* z we see him 9 ?is plate--8 figure %ort1 8 head big1 8 %\ld]s n>r[1 8 body too l>ge4 ,8 wor?y bett] half held /rong op9ions ^u ! sculptor's models--ab&on$ hussies1 ) :om %e _h no pati5ce2 & ,miss ,coleman hav+ v5tur$ to visit ! sc5e ( h] e>ly lab\rs 9 a c>riage & pair1 ! wra? ( ! virtu\s ,mrs4 ,nollek5s became unb\nd$4 ,words inde$ 7p]haps a r>e defect ) ! good lady7 seem to h fail$ h] at ?is crisis2 9 a lat] int]view ) ,joseph !y 7 n want+4 ,by ,?omas ,r[l&son ,a ,,ball ,,at ,,! ,,hackney ,,assembly ,,rooms 7,,rememb] ,,! ,,graces67 ,b "h ,i w\ld also po9t out t n only 0 our c>icaturi/ an unequall$ illu/rator ( lovely woman 7& z su* makes u (t5 regret t ! becom+ mob cap has disappe>$ f use71 b also a magnific5t l&scape arti/4 ,i came to notice ?is especially la/ ye> 9 a v int]e/+ exhibition ( ,r[l&son's draw+s at ! ,leice/] ,gall]y 9 ,london4 ,a ,c\ntry ,fte1 a ,village ,sc5e ) ,bridge1 & ! ,prom5ade on ,ri*mond ,hill1 7 good examples ( 8 delightful h&l+ ( ,engli% l&scape4 ,! la/ ( ^! =m$ "p ( a v int]e/+ set ( ! arti/'s orig9al draw+s1 :i* 7 n exhibit$1 b :i* ,i 0 able to /udy by k9d p]mission4 ,gre5wi* ,p>k 0 among ^! draw+s1 ) m]rymak]s rac+ & tumbl+ d[n ! hill1 & a delici\s p]spective ( ! p>k & hospital2 a ,review ( ,gu>ds 9 ,hyde ,p>k1 :]e1 ^u ! soldi]s fir+1 two ( ! spectators' horses h bolt$ into ! cr[d2 ! *>m+ draw+ 9 p5cil & col\r "w ( two girls call$ ,! ,sir5s2 ru/ic sc5es su* z ,eel ,pie ,isl& at ,ri*mond1 ,play+ ,quoits1 & a ,ru/ic ,maid ,cross+ a ,/ile1 to h] swee!>t's admiration2 su* e*oes too ( w> z ! cr[d *e]+ ! great battle%ips at ,portsm\?1 or ! pr9t ( ,invad]s ,repuls$1 :]e ,briti% troops are se5 driv+ out ! ,fr5* invad]s4 ,drawn mo/ delicately 9 p5cil ) a wa% ( pure col\r1 ^! draw+s br+ u ne>] to ! feel+ ( ! arti/ ?an ev5 8 pr9ts1 & x 0 int]e/+ to comp>e ,gre5wi* ,hill 9 ! pr9t & draw+1 & to see h[ mu* ! transcript _h lo/4 ,yet se5 by !mselves ! pr9ts 7 int]e/+ & *>act]i/ic4 ,a ,visit to ! ,uncle & to ! ,aunt1 ,travell+ 9 ,france1 #agij--;a sign$ "w %[+ a l>ge clumsy dilig5ce1 :i* ! arti/ is sket*+--,angelo's ,f5c+ ,room1 full ( contempor>y portraits1 ,! ,pleasure ( ! ,c\ntry1 :]e f9e ladies /ruggl+ ?r\gh ! mud f9d a litt] ( piglets ru%+ 9 among _! skirts1 7 among ! be/ ( ^!1 :ile a pr9t ( ,girls ,dress+ = ! ,masqu]ade1 & ! ,dut* ,academy1 ) a fat model pos+ be=e solid ,dut*m51 7 among ^? n infrequ5t pr9ts ( our arti/ ^: satire comes ne>--if n ov]--! conf9es ( good ta/e4 ,by ,?omas ,r[l&son ,a ,,!atrical ,,c&idate ,"s clev] pr9ts ( ,dr4 ,syntax himself 7 "h--a subject ?is :i*1 publi%$ by ,ack]mann "u ! title ( a ,t\r ( ,dr4 ,syntax 9 se>* ( ! ,picturesque 9 #ahji1 0 republi%$ 9 #ahab1 & occupi$ ! arti/ 9 v>i\s developm5ts dur+ 8 lat] life4 ,to ! same p]iod ( ,r[l&son's c>e] belong$ ,! ,microcosm ( ,london 7#ahjh71 ,a ,mad ,dog 9 a ,c(fee ,h\se 7#ahji71 & ,9 a ,d9+ ,room 7#ahji71 ! pr9t call$ ,exhibition ,/>e-case1 ,som]set ,h\se 7#ahaa7--:]e ! visitors ( bo? sexes are tumbl+ headlong d[n/airs1 ! extraord9>y clev]ness ( draw+ sc>cely comp5sat+ = ! d\btful ta/e ( ! subject2 & lat] foll[$ ,! ,_w 9 ,m9iature 7#ahaf71 ,ri*>dson's ,%[1 ,! ,engli% ,dance ( ,dea? 7#ahad-af71 & ,dance ( ,life 7#ahag71 :i* leads on to ! lat] ,t\r ( ,dr4 ,syntax 9 se>* ( ,consolation 7#ahbj71 & 7#ahba7 ,9 se>* ( a ,wife4 ,al?\gh ,=es ( ,piccadilly seems to h publi%$ _m ( our arti/'s pr9ts dur+ ! la/ ye>s ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 ?r\gh\t 8 :ole c>e] ,rudolph ,ack]mann rema9$ 8 con/ant fri5d2 to ! sugge/ion ( ?is latt] 0 due ! idea ( a mon?ly publication1 :i* gave ,r[l&son regul> employm5t 9 8 lat] ye>s1 & result$ 9 ! s]ies ( pr9ts :i* ,i h j detail$1 among :i* ! qua9t1 angul> =m ( ,dr4 ,syntax1 ) 8 ?9 legs1 black coat & bree*es1 & hook$ nose1 claims a prom95t place4 ,^! subjects lead u already into ! e>ly n9ete5? c5tury1 &1 z do+ s1 fall outside our pres5t limit2 b ,r[l&son himself belongs 9 8 art1 z mu* z ,bunbury or ,gillray1 to ! e>li] age4 ,an arti/ ( extraord9>y g5ius1 we h x on record t two successive ,presid5ts ( ! ,academy 9 8 day1 ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds & ,sir ,b5jam9 ,we/1 9 express+ _! admiration ( 8 draw+s1 add$ _! op9ion t1 _h he *os5 a high] bran* ( art1 he might h /ood 9 ! =efront ( ,engli% contempor>y pa9t+4 ,in/ead ( ?is he pref]r$ to devote 8 g5ius & 8 be/ ye>s to c>icature1 & 9 do+ s1 has bequea!d to u a ri* & mo/ preci\s h]itage4 ,he 0 happy 9 8 fri5d%ips4 ,james ,gillray 0 well kn[n to him2 ,george ,morl&1 t brilliant arti/ ) :om he _h s mu* 9 common1 ,h5ry ,angelo1 :om he lov$ to depict among 8 pupils ( ! foil 7,angelo's ,f5c+ ,room & ,signora ,cigali ,f5c+ at ,angelo's71 ,banni/]1 & ,ack]mann ! art publi%] 7 among 8 intimates4 ,he 0 less happy 9 ! conduct ( 8 life4 ,extravagance & c>elessness 7 comb9$ ) a passion = gambl+ :i* made him a frequ5t figure 9 ! fa%ionable playh\ses ( ,london2 & ^! habits plac$ ! =tune1 :i* %\ld h be5 8 by indu/ry & inh]itance1 beyond 8 rea*4 ,! legacy ( #gjjj bequea!d him by 8 ,fr5* aunt1 :o _h treat$ him s g5]\sly 9 8 /ud5t days1 0 spe$ily dissipat$ 9 ?is way4 ,inde$1 b = ! frequ5t advice & assi/ance ( 8 fri5d & publi%]1 ,rudolph ,ack]mann1 he might h f\nd himself 9 s]i\s difficulties2 & ! /ory runs t on "o occasion he sat = ?irty-six h\rs at ! c>ds1 & t on ano!r1 aft] los+ all he _h1 he sat d[n coolly to 8 "w & 7rais+ t facile p5cil ( 87 said1 ,"h is my res\rce4 ,?us x 0 t1 aft] _m ye>s ( f]tile lab\r1 he di$ a poor man 9 lodg+s at ! ,adelphi1 on ! #bbnd ( ,april1 #ahbg4 ,8 fai?ful fri5ds ( e>li] days1 ,h5ry ,angelo1 ,banni/]1 & ,rudolph ,ack]mann1 foll[$ to 8 grave ! la/ great c>icaturi/ ( ! bygone c5tury4 ,by ,?omas ,r[l&son ,,old ,,joseph ,,nollek5s ,,& ,,8 ,,v5us ,9 ^! pages we h trac$ toge!r ! record ( t c5tury 9 ,engli% ,c>icature2 & if we h be5 compell$ to note b ha/ily ! less] m51 h1 9 s do+1 at lea/ ga9$ brea?+ space to /udy f\r great & typical figures4 ,we saw h[ ,william ,hog>?1 :5 he h&les ! grav] z hum\ri/ & del9eator ( "*1 /&s =? immortally great2 h[1 :5 he s\ght to place himself at ! head ( ! nasc5t ,engli% ,s*ool1 he fell b5ea? 8 own level4 ,we saw 9 ,h5ry ,william ,bunbury ! cultur$ arti/1 soldi]1 & man ( society1 ! welcome gue/ 9 _m a great c\ntry-h\se1 :o c\ld br+ 8 ho/'s pretty daught]s into "s *>m+ sket*1 or take 8 "p 9 ! improvis$ !atricals2 b ^: pr9ts h real hum\r1 *>m1 & ! sweet1 :olesome brea? ( ,engli% c\ntry life4 ,!n we wat*$ ,gillray t[] al(t 9 political satire1 & ,r[l&son's p5cil t\* e side ( life4 ,if we notic$ at ! same "t a c]ta9 co>s5ess ( fibre come to ! surface 9 mu* ( _! "w1 f9d+ expression (t5 bo? 9 subject1 & /ill m 9 treatm5t & 9 type1 we mu/ rememb] t ?is quality belongs n to ! m5 alone1 b to ! age4 ,! m s5sitive mod]n may feel himself at fir/ repell$ r ?an attract$1 & _m a pr9t ( ,r[l&son or ,gillray f9d a place 9 8 ,index ,expurgatorius2 b ! brutality ( ^! m5 is ! brutality ( ,nature 9 "s ( h] moods1 & _! "w1 l ,nature1 f]tile1 fre%1 & vigor\s1 attracts u 7z all /rong "w w & mu/7 ! m we /udy x by its ma/]ly draw+1 its free1 op5 hum\r1 & (t5 its high imag9ative grasp4 ,beh9d ^! m51 ^! ,ma/]s ( ,engli% ,c>icature1 appe>s1 nev] entirely abs5t f our ?\ght1 ! hi/ory ( ! c5tury1 ) its magnific5t record ( ,engli% a*ievem5t4 ,beh9d !m1 too1 a corrective & a /imulant to _! be/ ef=t1 is t wond]ful revelation ( ,engli% eighte5?-c5tury pictorial art4 ,= j z :51 9 ye>s to come1 m5 ?9k on t /irr+ epo*1 ! two words ,engl& & ,lib]ty w leap unbidd5 to _! ?\ght2 s1 too1 9 ! record ( ! greate/ epo* ( our c\ntry's art1 a place mu/ be f\nd = ! ,engli% ,c>icaturi/s ( ! ,eighte5? ,c5tury4 ,pr9t$ by ,,ballantyne1 ,,hanson ,,co4 ,london ,ed9burgh ,footnotes3 #a ,a f9e collection ( li?ographs ( ,honor ,daumi] 7#ahjh-ahgi7 has ?is ye> be5 exhibit$ 9 ! ,victoria & ,alb]t ,museum4 #b ,! ,works ( ,william ,hog>?1 elucidat$ by ,descriptions4 ,by ,t4 ,cl]k4 ,london1 #ahaj4 #c ,william ,hog>?1 by ,au/9 ,dobson2 ) a valuable te*nical introduction by ,sir ,w4 ,arm/rong4 ,london1 #aijb4 #d ,b>tolozzi & 8 ,pupils 9 ,engl& 7,langham ,s]ies74 ,by ,selwyn ,br9ton4 ,london1 #aijc4 #e ,hi/ory ( ,c>icature & ( ,grotesque 9 ,art4 ,by ,?omas ,wright1 ,m4,a41 ,f4,s4,a4 ,london1 #ahfc4 #f ,8 ,engli%man at ,p>is ev5 pr$ates ?is by f\r ye>s 7#agfg74 ,! ,briti% ,museum et*+s1 to :i* ,i allude lat]1 are e>ly "w1 "o ev5 dat+ f 8 s*ooldays at ,we/m9/]6 #g ,op4 cit4 p4 #fc4 #h ,i give a plate ( ?is beautiful ,eliza ,f>r5 7pa9t$ by ,lawr5ce1 engrav$ by ,b>tolozzi7 9 my "w on ,b>tolozzi 9 ?is ,s]ies 7fac+ p4 #fc74 ,gillray has an amus+ pr9t ( ! dim9utive ,"l ,d]by1 /&+ on 8 coronet to admire himself 9 ! glass4 #i ,!y are all enjoy+ _! new diet "u simil> conditions4 ,9 ,italy 7p]haps ! clev]e/ hit ( all7 ! old ,pope1 seat$1 is hav+ ! bread %ot into 8 op5 m\? f a ,fr5* soldi]'s blund]buss1 :ile an assi/ant at ! same mom5t neatly removes f 8 head ! triple cr[n4 #aj ,mme4 ,vige le ,brun1 9 h] delightful memoirs1 gives "s ju/ification to ,gillray's sev]e treatm5t4 ,visit+ ,lady ,hamilton soon aft] ,sir ,william's dea? %e f\nd ?is ,&roma*e drap$ 9 black1 & extremely fat4 #aa ,9 ,two-p5ny ,:i/ appe> ! wor?y ,mrs4 ,humphrey & h] maid ,betty2 9 ,pu%-p9 ! ,duke ( ,que5sbury & ! ,du*ess ( ,gordon4 #ab ,! ,magaz9e ( ,art1 #aija4 #ac ,rudolph ,ack]mann occupies almo/ ! same position to ,r[l&son t ,mi/ress ,humphrey did to ,gillray1 z 8 e>ly & fai?ful fri5d & pr9cipal publi%]4 #ad ,b>tolozzi & ,8 ,pupils 9 ,engl&1 p4 #df4 #ae ,r[l&son1 ! ,c>icaturi/4 ,by ,joseph ,grego4 #ahhj4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes3 ,passages 9 italics are indicat$ by italics4 ,illu/ration captions are repres5t$ by caption4 ,additional spac+ aft] "s ( ! quotes is int5tional to indicate bo? ! end ( a quotation & ! beg9n+ ( a new p>agraph z pres5t$ 9 ! orig9al text4 ,miss+ quotation m>ks h be5 add$4 ,mispr9t & & correct$ to & 7page #hb74 ,o!rwise1 text mat*es orig9al pr9t+4