,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,all squ>e brackets are f ! orig9al text4 ,braces 7curly brackets7 are suppli$ by ! transcrib]4 ,a c>et "* '' indicates ! foll[+ lett]s are sup]script 9 ! orig9al4 ,m transcrib]'s notes are provid$ at ! end ( ! text4 ,,lead+ ,,articles ,,on ,,v>i\s ,,subjects4 ,illu/ration3 ,w4 ,h4 ,mc,farlane1 ,li?r ,ed9r ,,hugh ,,mill] ,fac-simile ( a ,calotype by ,d4 ,o4 ,hill1 ,r4 ,i4 ,a4 #ahde4 see page #ahd ,,murray ,,& ,,gibb1 ,,ed9burgh1 ,,pr9t]s ,,to ,,h] ,,maje/y',s ,,/ation]y ,,(fice4 ,,lead+ ,,articles ,,on ,,v>i\s ,,subjects4 ,,by ,,hugh ,,mill]1 ,,au?or ,,( ',,! ,,old ,,r$ ,,s&/one1' ,,etc4 ,,etc4 ,,edit$ ,,by ,,8 ,,son-,,9-,,law1 ,,! ,,rev4 ,,john ,,davidson4 ,,f\r? ,,edition4 ,,ed9burgh3 ,,william ,p4 ,,nimmo4 #ahgb4 ,,preface4 ,! pres5t volume is issu$ 9 compliance ) ! /rong solicitations ( _m1 to ^: desire def]5ce 0 due4 ,9 select+ ! articles1 ,i h be5 guid$ ma9ly by two consid]ations1--namely1 ! necessity = reproduc+ ! mature op9ion ( a great m9d1 ^u great subjects2 & = mak+ ! selection s v>i$1 z to convey to ! read] "s idea ( ! wond]ful v]satility ( ! p[]s :i* c\ld treat subjects s div]se 9 _! nature ) su* uni=m eloqu5ce & discrim9ation4 ,i tru/ t ! *apt]s on ,education w prove to be a valuable contribution to ! spe$y settlem5t ( t "q at ! pres5t crisis4 ,^? on ,su!rl&%ire are ins]t$ because !y possess a p]man5t value1 9 connection ) ! social & economical hi/ory ( our c\ntry4 ,"s ( ! articles are ( a p]sonal "*1 & are introduc$1 n1 c]ta9ly1 = ! purpose ( recall+ old animosities1 b solely to illu/rate ! au?or's me?od ( us+ "s ( ! m =midable figures ( spee*2 :ile ov] aga9/ ^! may be set "s on purely lit]>y subjects1 :i* %[ ! g5ial t5d]ness ( 8 disposition t[>ds ^? :o aspir$ to s]ve ,god & _! g5]ation by giv+ to ! _w ! fruit ( _! imag9ation1 _! lab\r1 & _! leisure4 ,i h n det]m9$ ! selection )\t secur+ ! c\nsel & approval ( m5 on ^: judgm5t ,i c\ld rely4 ,x only rema9s = me to ?ank !m1 & 9 an especial way to ?ank ,mr4 ,d4 ,o4 ,hill = ! portrait :i* =ms ! frontispiece4 ,an imp]sonal ref]5ce to a simil> portrait tak5 at ! same "t w be f\nd at page #ahd1 9 ! article on ',! ,calotype4' ,,john ,,davidson4 ,london1 ,m>* #h1 #ahgj4 ,,cont5ts ,,page ,,?\ghts ,,on ,,! ,,educational ,,"q1 #a ,,"l ,,br\gham1 #aje ,,! ,,scott ,,monum5t1 #aaa ,,! ,,late ,,mr4 ,,kemp1 #aai ,,annie ,m',,donald ,,& ,,! ,,fife%ire ,,=e/]1 #abc ,a ,,highl& ,,cle>+1 #acf ,,! ,,poet ,,montgom]y1 #adf ,,criticism--,,int]nal ,,evid5ce1 #aea ,,! ,,sanctities ,,( ,,matt]1 #afa ,,! ,,late ,,rev4 ,,alex&] ,,/ew>t1 #agj ,,! ,,calotype1 #agi ,,! ,,t5ant',s ,,true ,,qu>rel1 #aij ,,conclusion ,,( ,,! ,,w> ,,9 ,,affghani/an1 #aii ,,p]iodicalism1 #bjf ',,annus ,,mirabilis1' #bae ,,effects ,,( ,,religi\s ,,disunion ,,on ,,colonization1 #bbc ,,f9e-,,bodyism1 #bcb ,,organ%ip1 #bdj ,,baillie',s ,,lett]s ,,& ,,j\rnals1 #bdi ,,fir/ ,,pr9ciples1 #bfb ,,an ,,unspok5 ,,spee*1 #bfi ,,disruption ,,pr9ciples1 #bhj ,,*>act]i/ics ,,( ,,! ,,crimean ,,w>1 #bic ,,! ,,poets ,,( ,,! ,,*ur*1 #cjb ,,! ,,encyclop,,dia ,,britannica1 #cae ,a ,,vision ,,( ,,! ,,railroad1 #cbg ,,! ,,two ,,mr4 ,,cl>ks1 #ccg ,,pulpit ,,duties ,,n ,,second>y1 #ceh ,,dugald ,,/ew>t1 #cfi ,,our ,,t[n ,,c\ncils1 #cgh ,,su!rl& ,,z ,,x ,,0 ,,& ,,is2 ,,or1 ,,h[ ,a ,,c\ntry ,,may ,,be ,,ru9$1 #chh ,,introductory ,,note ,,to ,,?\ghts ,,on ,,! ,,educational ,,"q4 ,! foll[+ *apt]s on ! ,educational ,"q fir/ appe>$ z a s]ies ( articles 9 ! ,witness newspap]4 ,!y pres5t1 9 consequ5ce1 a c]ta9 am\nt ( digression1 & occasional re-/atem5t & explanation1 :i*1 _h !y be5 publi%$ simultane\sly1 z p>ts ( a :ole1 !y w\ld n h exhibit$4 ,! controv]sy 0 vital & active at e /age ( _! appe>ance4 ,/atem5ts made & pr9ciples laid d[n 9 ! e>li] articles _h1 f ! circum/ance t _! tru? _h be5 que/ion$ or _! s\ndness *all5g$1 to be re-ass]t$ & ma9ta9$ 9 ^? :i* foll[$2 & h5ce "s little d]angem5t 9 ! managem5t ( ! "q1 = :i*1 h[ev]1 ! int]e/ :i* mu/ always atta* to a real conflict may be f\nd to comp5sate4 ,t portion ( ! controv]sy1 h[ev]1 :i* arose out ( "o ( ! articles ( ! s]ies1 & :i* "s h deem$ p]sonal1 has be5 /ruck out ( ! publi%$ edition ( ! pamphlet1 & reta9$ 9 b an inconsid]able numb] ( copies1 plac$ 9 ! h&s ( a few fri5ds4 ,9 omitt+ x :]e x has be5 omitt$1 ! writ] has act$ on ! advice ( a g5tleman = ^: judgm5t he ent]ta9s ! mo/ ?or\gh respect1 & f a desire t ! g5]al argum5t %\ld n be prejudic$ by a matt] naturally1 b n necess>ily1 connect$ ) x4 ,& 9 reta9+ x :]e x has be5 reta9$1 he has done s 9 ! full expectation ( a "t n v di/ant1 :5 x w be decid$ t he has nei!r outrag$ ! ord9>y c\rtesies ( controv]sy1 nor tak5 up a false l9e ( inf]5ce or /atem5t2 & :5 ! importance ( ! subject discuss$ w be reg>d$ z q consid]able en\gh to make any "o e>ne/1 )\t ! necessity ( suppos+ t he _h be5 previ\sly angry4 ,x is all-important1 t on ! g5]al "q ( ,national ,education1 ! ,free ,*ur* %\ld take up h] position wisely4 ,majorities 9 h] c\rts1 h[ev] ov]:elm+1 w little avail h]1 if _! f9d+s fail to recomm5d !mselves to ! good s5se ( h] p1 or are palpably unsuit$ to ! em]g5cies ( ! "t4 ,a p[]ful writ] ( ! pres5t age employs1 9 "o ( 8 illu/rations1 ! bold figure ( a %ip's crew1 t1 ) ! difficulties ( ,cape ,horn full be=e !m1 cont5t !mselves ) in/itut+ abo>d _! vessel a con/itutional sy/em ( vot+1 & :o f9d delight 9 contemplat+ ! unanimity :i* prevails on matt]s 9 g5]al1 bo? above decks & bel[4 ',b y\r %ip1' says ,c>lyle1 '_c d\ble ,cape ,horn by its excell5t plans ( vot+3 ! %ip1 to get r\nd ,cape ,horn1 w f9d a set ( conditions already vot$ =1 & fix$ ) adamant9e rig\r1 by ! anci5t ,elem5tal ,p[]s1 :o are entirely c>eless h[ y vote4 ,if y c by vot+1 or )\t vot+1 asc]ta9 ^! conditions1 & valiantly con=m to !m1 y w get r\nd ! ,cape3 if y _c1 ! ruffian ,w9ds w bl[ y ev] back aga92 ! inexorable ,iceb]gs1 dumb privy c\ncillors f ,*aos1 w nudge y ) mo/ *aotic admonition2 y w be flung half-froz5 on ! ,patagonian cliffs1 or jo/l$ into %iv]s by y\r iceb]g c\ncillors1 & w nev] get r\nd ,cape ,horn at all4' ,n[ !re is mu* mean+ c\*$ 9 ?is qua9t figure1 & mean+ :i* ! ,free ,*ur* w\ld d well to pond]4 ,!re are _m que/ions on :i* %e c\ld p]haps secure a majority1 :i* yet t majority w\ld utt]ly fail to c>ry4 ,on ! "q ( ,college ,ext5sion1 = in/ance1 %e might be able to vote1 if %e b select$ h] eld]s ) "s little c>e1 t !re %\ld be full /affs ( !ological pr(essors at ,glasg[ & ,ab]de54 ,b :at w\ld h] votes succe$ 9 a*iev+8 ,n1 assur$ly1 ! d\bl+ ( ! ,cape2 b ! c]ta9ty ( %iv]+ h] all-important ,educational ,in/itute on ?ree inexorable iceb]gs4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 h] magnific5t metropolitan ,college1 l t huge long boat1 fam\s 9 /ory1 :i* ,rob9son ,crusoe 0 able to build1 b :olly unable to laun*1 w\ld *ange f be+ :at x n[ is--a trophy ( h] lib]ality & wisdom--into a magnific5t monum5t ( h] folly4 ,9 ! second place1 %e w\ld h to break fai? ) h] exi/+ pr(essors1 & to argue1 mayhap1 :5 !y 7 becom+ ?9 & se$y1 & gett+ into debt1 t %e 0 n morally b\nd to !m = _! sal>ies4 ,&1 9 ! ?ird & la/ place1 %e w\ld infallibly secure t1 "s tw5ty ye>s h5ce at fur!/1 e !ological pr(essor ( ! ,free ,*ur* %\ld be a plurali/1 & able to give to 8 lectures m]ely ^? fag-ends ( 8 "t :i* he c\ld snat* f ! duties ( ! pulpit & ! c>e ( 8 flock4 ,& su*1 9 d\bl+ ! ,cape ,horn ( ! ,college "q1 is all t unanimity ( vot+ c\ld secure to ! ,*ur*2 unless1 inde$1 accord+ to ,c>lyle1 %e vot$ 9 accordance ) ! 'set ( conditions already vot$ = & fix$ by ! adamant9e p[]s4' ,nor does ! "q ( ,d5om9ational ,education1 n[ t !re is a national s*eme 9 ! field1 furni% a m1 b1 on ! contr>y1 a mu* less1 hopeful subject = m]e vot+ 9 our *ur* c\rts1 ?an ! "q ( ,college ,ext5sion4 ,x is n to be c>ri$ by ecclesia/ical majorities4 ,"s ( ! mo/ important facts 9 ! ',t5 ,ye>s' ,conflict' h p]haps /ill to be record$2 & x is "o ( ^!1 t long aft] ! ,non-,intrusion p>ty possess$ majorities 9 ! ,g5]al ,assembly1 ! laity look$ on ) exce$+ly little int]e/1 mu* possess$ by ! suspicion t ! cl]gy 7 battl+1 n on ! popul> behalf1 b on _! own4 ,ev5 9 #ahci1 aft] ! ,au*t]>d] case _h be5 decid$ 9 ! ,h\se ( ,lords1 ! apa?y seem$ little di/urb$2 & ! writ] ( ^! *apt]s1 :5 engag$ 9 do+ 8 little all to dissipate x1 c\ld address a fri5d 9 ,ed9burgh1 to :om he =w>d$ ! ,,ms4 ( a pamphlet ?r[n into ! =m ( a lett] to ,"l ,br\gham1 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3--',! "q :i* at pres5t agitates ! ,*ur* is a vital "o2 & unless ! p c be r\s$ to take "p 9 x 7& !y seem /rangely un9=m$ & w(ully indiff]5t z yet71 ! wor/ cause mu/ inevitably prevail4 ,!y may p]haps li/5 to "o ( _! own body1 :o comb9es ! pr9ciples ( ! old ) ! op9ions ( ! mod]n ,:ig1 & :o1 ?\gh he feels /rongly on ! "q1 has no secul> int]e/ involv$ 9 x4' ,x 0 ab\t ?is "t t ,dr4 ,george ,cook said--&1 we h no d\bt1 said truly--t he c\ld sc>ce ent] an inn or a /age-coa* )\t f9d+ respectable m5 inveigh+ aga9/ ! utt] folly ( ! ,non-,intrusioni/s1 & ! worse ?an madness ( ! *ur* c\rts4 ,= ! oppon5ts ( ! p>ty 7 all active & awake at ! "t1 & its incipi5t fri5ds /ill indiff]5t or mi/ru/ful4 ,! hi/ory ( ,*ur* petitions 9 ,ed9burgh dur+ ! t5 ev5tful ye>s ( ! w> br+s out ?is fact v significantly 9 ! /ati/ical =m4 ,f #ahcc1 ! ye> ( ! ,veto ,act1 to #ahci1 ! ye> ( ! ,au*t]>d] decision1 petitions to ,p>liam5t f ,ed9burgh on behalf ( ! /ruggl+ ,*ur* 7 usually sign$ by n m ?an f f\r to five ?\s& p]sons4 ,9 #ahci ! numb] rose to six ?\s&4 ,! p began gradually to awak51 & to tru/4 ,spee*es 9 *ur* c\rts 7 f\nd to h comp>atively little influ5ce 9 creat+ op9ion1 or ecclesia/ical votes 9 secur+ confid5ce2 & s !re 7 o!r means ( appeal+ to ! public m9d resort$ to1 mayhap n :olly )\t effect3 = 9 #ahdj ! annual ,*ur* petition f ,ed9burgh bore atta*$ to x ?irte5 ?\s& signatures2 & to t ( ! foll[+ ye> 7#ahda7 ! v extraord9>y numb] ( tw5ty-five ?\s& 0 app5d$4 ,&1 save = ! result1 g5]al ov] ,scotl&1 :i* we f9d ?us indicat$ by ! ,*ur* petitions ( ,ed9burgh1 ! ,disruption1 & especially ! orig9ation ( a ,free ,*ur*1 w\ld h be5 impossible ev5ts4 ,h[1 we ask1 0 t result produc$8 ,n1 c]ta9ly1 by ! votes ( ecclesia/ical c\rts1--= m]e votes w\ld nev] h d\bl$ ! ,cape ,horn ( ! ,*ur* "q2 b simply ?r\gh ! conviction at l5g? effectually wr\ght 9 ! public m9d1 t our m9i/]s 7 /ruggl+ & suff]+1 n = cl]ical privileges1 b = popul> rights1--n = !mselves1 b = o!rs4 ,& t conviction once firmly ent]ta9$1 ! movem5t wax$ =midable2 = else:]e1 z 9 ! metropolis1 popul> support increas$ at lea/ fivefold2 & ! "q1 previ\sly n>r[ ( base1 & v mu* re/rict$ to "o ord] ( m51 became broad z ! ,scotti% nation1 & deep z ! feel+s ( ! ,scotti% p4 ,b z c]ta9ly z ! compon5t /r&s ( a cable t h be5 twi/$ into /r5g? & coh]5cy by "o s]ies ( work+s1 may be untwi/$ into loose & feeble ?reads by ano!r1 s c]ta9ly may ! majorities ( our *ur* c\rts1 by a rev]sal ( ! *>m :i* won = !m ! elem5t ( popul> /r5g?1 r5d] !mselves ( small acc\nt 9 ! nation4 ,!y became /rong by advocat+1 9 ! ,patronage "q1 popul> rights1 9 opposition to cl]ical int]e/s3 !y may & w become weak1 if 9 ! ,educational "o !y rev]se ! process1 & advocate cl]ical int]e/s 9 opposition to popul> rights4 ,_! c\ntry is p]i%+ = lack ( a k :i* !y _c supply4 ,e sev5 ye>s--! brief t]m dur+ :i*1 if a g5]ation fail to be educat$1 ! opportunity ( education = ev] passes away--!re are f a hundr$ & fifty to two hundr$ ?\s& ( ! y\? ( ,scotl& add$ to ! adult community 9 an untaught1 un9=m$ condition4 ,nor ne$ we say 9 h[ frightful a ratio _! numb]s mu/ increase4 ,! ignorant *ildr5 ( ! pres5t w become ! improvid5t & c>eless p>5ts ( ! future2 & h[ improvid5t & c>eless ! correspond+ class :i* already exi/s among u always approves itself to be1 let our prisons & workh\ses tell4 ,our c\ntry1 ) all its *ur*es1 mu/ inevitably f\nd] among ! nations1 l a wat]-logg$ vessel 9 a tempe/1 if ?is /ate ( matt]s be p]mitt$ to cont9ue4 ,& :y p]mit x to cont9ue8 ,be x rememb]$ t x is ! national s*ools--^? s*ools :i* are ! p's own1 & are yet )held f !m--& n ! s*ools ( ! ,free ,*ur*1 :i* x is ! object ( ! ,educational movem5t to op5 up & ext5d4 ,nor is x propos$ to op5 !m up on a new pr9ciple4 ,x is an un*all5g$ fact1 t !re exi/s no /atutory provision = ! tea*+ ( religion 9 !m4 ,all t is really want$ is1 to transf] !m on _! pres5t /atutory basis f ! few to ! _m1--f ,mod]ate m9i/]s & ,episcopalian h]itors1 to a p ess5tially s\nd 9 ! fai?--,presbyt]ian 9 ! proportion ( at lea/ six to "o1 & ,evangelical 9 ! proportion ( at lea/ two to "o4 ,& at no di/ant day ?is transf]5ce mu/ & w take place1 if ! m9i/]s ( ! ,free ,*ur* d n virtually jo9 _! =ces to _! bre?r5 ( ! ,e/abli%m5t 9 behalf ( an alleg$ ecclesia/ical privilege n[h]e sanction$ 9 ! ^w ( ,god4#a ,!re is ano!r important item 9 ?is "q1 ov] :i*1 z already det]m9$ by inevitable laws1 ecclesia/ical votes1 h[ev] unanim\s1 c ex]t no influ5ce or control4 ,!y _c orda9 t inadequately paid s*oolma/]s c be o!r ?an inf]ior educators4 ,if ! remun]ation be l[1 x is impossible by any m]e =ce ( majorities to r5d] ! tea*+ high4 ,!re is a law already 'vot$ =' 9 ! case1 :i* majorities c no m repeal ?an !y c ! law ( gravitation4 ,& "h we mu/ take ! opportunity ( /at+--= !re has be5 misrepres5tation on ! po9t--:at our int]e/ 9 ! tea*]s ( ,scotl& & ( ! ,free ,*ur* really is4 ,c]ta9ly n indiff]5t to _! com=t z m51 or to ! welf>e ( _! pr(ession1 z "o ( ! mo/ important & yet wor/ remun]at$ 9 ! community1 we frankly confess t we look to some?+ greatly high] ?an ei!r _! com=t or ! pr(essional welf>e 9 g5]al4 ,!y & _! pr(ession are b means2 & x is to ! end t we ma9ly look1--t end be+ ! "r education ( ! ,scotti% p1 & _! consequ5t elevation 9 ! scale1 moral & intellectual4 ,we w\ld deal by ! tea*]s ( ! c\ntry 9 ?is matt] z we w\ld by ! /one-cutt]s ( ,ed9burgh1 7 we entru/$ ) ! erection ( "s su* exquisite piece ( masonry z ! ,scott ,monum5t1 or t f9e build+ rec5tly complet$ 9 ,/4 ,&rew ,squ>e4 ,in/ead ( pit*+ our scale ( remun]ation at ! rate ( lab\r]s' wages1 we w\ld at once pit* x at ! highe/ rate assign$ to ! skill$ me*anic2 & ?is n 9 ord]1 prim>ily at lea/1 t ! masons engag$ %\ld be com=table1 b 9 ord] t !y %\ld be ma/]s ( _! pr(ession1 & t _! "w %\ld be ( ! complete/ & mo/ f9i%$ k9d4 ,= lab\r]s' wages w\ld secure ! s]vices ( only bungl+ workm51 & lead to ! production ( only inf]ior masonry4 ,& su* is ! pr9ciple on :i* we w\ld befri5d our poor s*oolma/]s1--n s mu* = _! own sakes1 z = ! sake ( _! "w4 ,fur!r1 h[ev]1 x is surely ( importance t1 :5 engag$ 9 tea*+ religion1 !y !mselves %\ld be enabl$1 9 con=mity ) "o ( its injunctions1 to 'provide ?+s hone/ 9 ! sight ( all m54' ,nay1 ( no?+ are we m c]ta91 ?an t ! ,*ur* has only to ex]t h]self to ! ext5t ( ! liabilities already incurr$ to h] tea*]s1 9 ord] to be conv9c$ ( ! absolute necessity :i* exi/s = a broad national s*eme4 ,any d\bts :i* %e may at pres5t ent]ta9 reg>d+ ! "q ( ! necessity1 are1 9 "p at lea/1 effects ( h] lax views respect+ ! "q ( ! liability1 & ( h] consequ5t belief t any?+ well divid$ is suffici5t to dis*>ge x4 ,at ! same "t1 h[ev]1 x w\ld be p]haps well t at lea/ our bett]-paid s*oolma/]s %\ld be made to reflect t ! circum/ances ( _! position are v peculi>2 & t %\ld !y take a zeal\s "p aga9/ :at a prepond]at+ majority ( ! laity ( _! ,*ur* mu/ ( necessity come to reg>d z ! cause ( _! c\ntry1 _! opposition1 ?\gh utt]ly un9flu5tial 9 ! g5]al /ruggle1 may prove ?or\ghly effectual 9 injur+ !mselves4 ,= virtually 9 ! ,free ,*ur*1 z 9 ! ,briti% ,con/itution1 x is ! ',commons' :o grant ! supplies4 ,we subjo9 ! pap] on ! ,educational ,"q1 address$ by ,dr4 ,*alm]s to ! ,hon4 ,mr4 ,fox ,maule1 z x fir/ appe>$ 9 ! ,witness4 ,! read] w see t !re is direct ref]5ce made to x 9 ! foll[+ pages1 & w f9d x bett] suit$ to repay c>eful /udy & frequ5t p]usal ?an p]haps any o!r docum5t on ! subject ev] writt53-- ',x 7 ! be/ /ate ( ?+s1 t we _h a ,p>liam5t suffici5tly !ological to discrim9ate betwe5 ! "r & ! wrong 9 religion1 & to enc\rage or end[ accord+ly4 ,b fail+ ?is1 x seems to u ! next be/ ?+1 t 9 any public measure = help+ on ! education ( ! p1 ,gov]nm5t 7 to ab/a9 f introduc+ ! elem5t ( religion at all into _! "p ( ! s*eme2 & ?is n because !y held ! matt] to be insignificant1--! contr>y might be /rongly express$ 9 ! preamble ( _! ,act1--b on ! gr\nd t1 9 ! pres5t divid$ /ate ( ! ,*ri/ian _w1 !y w\ld take no cognizance (1 j because !y w\ld attempt no control ov]1 ! religion ( applicants = aid1--leav+ ?is matt] entire to ! p>ties :o _h to d ) ! erection & managem5t ( ! s*ools :i* !y _h be5 call$ ^u to assi/4 ,a grant by ! ,/ate ^u ?is foot+ might be reg>d$ z be+ appropriately & exclusively ! expression ( _! value = a good secul> education4 ',! conf9em5t = ! "t be+ ( any ,gov]nm5t measure = s*ools to ?is object we hold to be an imputation1 n s mu* on ! pres5t /ate ( our ,legislature1 z on ! pres5t /ate ( ! ,*ri/ian _w1 n[ brok5 up into sects & p>ties innum]able1 & seem+ly incapable ( any ef=t = s heal+ ^! wret*$ divisions z to pres5t ! rul]s ( our c\ntry ) aught l su* a cle> & unequivocal majority 9 fav\r ( :at is good & true1 z might at once det]m9e !m to fix ^u & to esp\se x4 ',x is ?is :i* has encompass$ ! ,gov]nm5t ) difficulties1 f :i* we c see no o!r me?od ( extrication ?an ! "o :i* we h v5tur$ to sugge/4 ,& z !re seems no reason :y1 because ( ^! unresolv$ diff]5ces1 a public measure = ! heal? ( all--= ! recreation ( all--= ! economic advancem5t ( all--%\ld be held 9 abeyance1 !re seems z little reason :y1 because ( ^! diff]5ces1 a public measure = rais+ ! g5]al intellig5ce ( all %\ld be held 9 abeyance4 ,let ! m5 !re=e ( all ,*ur*es & all d5om9ations alike hail su* a measure1 :e!r z c>ri$ into effect by a good education 9 lett]s or 9 any ( ! sci5ces2 &1 mean:ile1 9 ^! v sem9>ies let t education 9 religion :i* ! ,legislature ab/a9s f provid+ =1 be provid$ = z freely & z amply z !y w by ^? :o h und]tak5 ! *>ge ( !m4 ',we %\ld hope1 z ! result ( su* a s*eme1 = a mo/ :olesome rival%ip on ! "p ( _m 9 ! great aim ( re>+ on ! basis ( _! respective sy/ems a moral & ,*ri/ian population1 well taught 9 ! pr9ciples & doctr9es ( ! gospel1 along ) be+ well taught 9 ! lessons ( ord9>y s*ol>%ip4 ,al?\gh no attempt %\ld be made to regulate or to en=ce ! lessons ( religion 9 ! inn] hall ( legislation1 ?is w n prev5t1 b r /imulate1 to a great] e>ne/ness 9 ! conte/ betwe5 tru? & falsehood--betwe5 light & d>kness--9 ! out] field ( society2 nor w ! result ( su* a conte/ 9 fav\r ( :at is "r & good be at all ! m unlikely1 t ! families ( ! l& h be5 rais$ by ! help+ h& ( ! ,/ate to a high] plat=m ?an be=e1 :e!r z respects _! heal?1 or _! physical com=t1 or _! economic condition1 or1 la/ ( all1 _! place 9 ! scale ( intellig5ce & le>n+4 ',religion w\ld1 "u su* a sy/em1 be ! imm$iate product1 n ( legislation1 b ( ! ,*ri/ian philan?ropic zeal :i* obta9$ ?r\gh\t society at l>ge4 ,b x is well :5 :at legislation does = ! fulfilm5t ( its object t5ds n to ! imp$im5t1 b r1 we appreh5d1 to ! fur!rance1 ( ^? great] & high] objects :i* are 9 ! contemplation ( ^? ^: desires are *iefly set on ! immortal wellbe+ ( man4 ',on ! basis ( ^! g5]al views1 ,i h two rem>ks to (f] reg>d+ ! ,gov]nm5t s*eme ( education4 '#a4 ,i %\ld n require a c]tificate ( satisfaction ) ! religi\s progress ( ! s*ol>s f ! manag]s ( ! s*ools1 9 ord] to _! receiv+ ! ,gov]nm5t aid4 ,su* a c]tificate f ,unit>ians or ,ca?olics implies ! direct sanction or c\nt5ance by ,gov]nm5t to _! respective cre$s1 & ! responsibility1 n ( all[+1 b1 m ?an ?is1 ( requir+1 t ^! %all be taught to ! *ildr5 :o att5d4 ,a b>e all[ance is b a g5]al tol]ation2 b a requirem5t involves 9 x all ! mis*ief1 &1 ,i w\ld add1 ! guilt1 ( an indiscrim9ate end[m5t = tru? & error4 '#b4 ,i w\ld suff] p>5ts or natural gu>dians to select :at p>ts ( ! education !y want$ = _! *ildr54 ,i w\ld n =ce ari?metic ^u !m1 if all !y want$ 0 read+ & writ+2 & z little w\ld ,i =ce ! ,cate*ism1 or any "p ( ! religi\s in/ruction t 0 giv5 9 ! s*ool1 if all !y want$ 0 a secul> education4 ,t ! manag]s ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& s*ools %all h ! p[] to impose _! own ,cate*ism ^u ! *ildr5 ( ,diss5t]s1 &1 /ill m1 to compel _! att5dance on *ur*1 ,i reg>d z among ! wor/ p>ts ( ! s*eme4 ',! above obs]vations1 x w be se51 meet any que/ions :i* might be put 9 reg>d to ! applicability ( ! s*eme to ,scotl&1 or 9 reg>d to ! use ( ! ,d\ay v]sion 9 ,roman ,ca?olic s*ools4 ',i _c conclude )\t express+ my despair ( any great or g5]al good be+ effect$ 9 ! way ( ,*ri/ianiz+ our population1 b ?r\gh ! m$ium ( a ,gov]nm5t !mselves ,*ri/ian1 & end[+ ! true religion1 :i* ,i hold to be _! imp]ative duty1 n because x is ! religion ( ! _m1 b because x is true4 ',! s*eme on :i* ,i h n[ v5tur$ to (f] ^! few obs]vations ,i %\ld l to be adopt$1 n because x is absolutely ! be/1 b only ! be/ 9 exi/+ circum/ances4 ',! end[m5t ( ! ,ca?olic religion by ! ,/ate ,i %\ld deprecate1 z be+ ru9\s to ! c\ntry 9 all its int]e/s4 ,/ill ,i d n look = ! g5]al ,*ri/ianity ( ! p1 b ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! ,*ri/ianity ( _! rul]s4 ,?is is a lesson taught hi/orically 9 ,scripture1 by :at we read !re ( ! influ5ce :i* ! p]sonal "* ( ! ,jewi% mon>*s _h on ! moral & religi\s /ate ( _! subjects2 x is taught exp]im5tally1 by ! impot5ce1 n[ fully e/abli%$1 ( ! ,volunt>y pr9ciple2 & la/1 & mo/ decisive ( all1 x is taught prophetically 9 ! book ( ,revelation1 :5 told t !n w ! k+doms ( ! e>? 7,basileiai1 or gov]n+ p[]s7 become ! k+doms ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 or ! ,gov]nm5ts ( ! e>? become ,*ri/ian ,gov]nm5ts4 7,sign$7 ',,?omas ,,*alm]s4' ----- #a ,"s ( ! reason+s ( bo? ! ,e/abli%$ & ,free ,*ur* c\rts on ?is matt] w\ld be amus+ 7 !y n s sad4 ',fe$ my lambs1' said our ,savi\r1 aft] ,8 resurrection1 to ,pet]2 & aga9 twice ov]1 ',fe$ my %eep4' ,n[1 let u suppose "s zeal\s cl]gyman sett+ himself1 on ! /r5g? ( ! latt] injunction "h1 to in/itute a new ord] ( prea*]s4 ,z b>b]s frequ5tly amuse _! employ]s ) gossip1 :5 dive/+ !m ( _! be>ds or trimm+ _! heads1 & h opportunities ( address+ _! fell[-m5 :i* are n possess$ by ! o!r me*anical pr(essions1 ! zeal\s cl]gyman det]m9es on conv]t+ !m into prea*]s1 & sets up a ,normal ,s*ool1 9 ord] t !y may be taught ! art ( compos+ %ort s]mons1 :i* !y are to deliv] :5 %av+ _! cu/om]s1 & long] ones1 :i* !y are to address to !m :5 cutt+ _! hair4 ,& 9 c\rse ( "t ! exp\nd+ b>b]s are s5t abroad to op]ate on ! m9ds & *9s ( ! community4 ',!re is no m5tion made ( any su* ord] ( prelectors1' says a /ubborn layman1 '9 my ,new ,te/am5t2' ',nor yet 9 m9e1' says ano!r4 ',%e] ,a!ism1--,deism at ! v lea/6' exclaims ! zeal\s cl]gyman4 ',until ,*ri/ianity 0 fairly e/abli%$ 9 ! _w1 !re 0 no su* ?+ z %av+ at all2 ! ,jews don't %ave yet3 besides1 does n e dec5t ,*ur* memb] %ave be=e go+ to *ur*8 ,& z = ! au?ority1 h[ read y ! text1 ,fe$ my %eep6' ',weighty argum5t t ab\t ! %av+1' say ! laym52 'b really ! text seems to be /ret*$ j a little too f>4 ,! commission is giv5 to ,pet]2 b x conf]s on ,pet] no au?ority :atev] to commission ! b>b]s4 ,nay1 our gr& objection to ! pseudo-successors ( ,pet] is1 t !y corrupt$ ! ,*ur* aft] ?is v mann]1 by commission+ ! non-commission$1 until !y fill$ ! groan+ l& ) c>d9als1 bi%ops1 & abbots1 monks & nuns1-- ,eremites & fri>s1 ,:ite1 black1 & grey1 ) all _! trump]y4' ,n[1 be x rememb]$ t we are f> f plac+ ! ,*ur*-employ$ s*oolma/] on ! level ( ! p>son-employ$ b>b] ( our illu/ration4 ,rationally consid]$1 !y are v diff]5t ord]s inde$2 b s f> z direct ,scripture is conc]n$1 !y /&1 we cont5d1 on exactly ! same gr\nd4 ,! laity w\ld d well 9 ?is controv]sy to arm !mselves ) ! ,new ,te/am5t1 &1 if _! oppon5ts be v intol]ant1 to h& !m ! volume1 & reque/ !m to turn up _! au?ority4 ,&1 ( c\rse1 if ! intol]ance be v great1 ! au?ority mu/ be v direct4 ,m]e argu+s on ! subject w\ld b s]ve to %[ t x has no actual exi/5ce4 ,:5 ! commission ( a capta9 or lieut5ant is legitimately dem&$1 x is at once produc$2 b 7 "o to dem& ! commission ( a s]geant or boatswa9's mate1 ! man c\ld at be/ only reason ab\t x4 ,,?\ghts ,,on ,,! ,,educational ,,"q4 ,,*apt] ,,fir/4 ,disputes reg>d+ ! mean+ embodi$ by ,*alm]s 9 8 ,educational ,docum5t--,n>rative suit$ to ?r[ "s light on ! subject--,consid]ation ( ! ,docum5t itself--,te/imony respect+ x ( ! ,hon4 ,mr4 ,fox ,maule4 ,"o ( ! mo/ important controv]sies :i* has aris5 )9 ! pale ( ! ,romi% ,*ur*--t betwe5 ! ,jans5i/s & ,jesuits--0 made to h+e = _m ye>s on a case ( disput$ mean+ 9 ! writ+s ( a c]ta9 deceas$ au?or4 ,!re 7 five doctr9es ( a well-def9$ "* :i*1 ! ,jesuits said1 7 to be f\nd 9 ! works ( ,cornelius ,jans5ius1 umquhile ,bi%op ( ,ypres1 b :i*1 ! ,jans5i/s ass]t$1 7 n to be f\nd 9 any?+ ,jans5ius _h ev] writt54 ,& 9 ! attempt to decide ?is simple "q ( fact1 z ,pascal calls x1 ! ,s*ool ( ! ,sorbonne & ! ,c\rt ( ! ,inquisition 7 completely baffl$2 & zeal\s ,roman ,ca?olics he>d )\t conviction ! v]dict ( c\ncils1 & fail$ to acquiesce 9 ! judgm5t ( ev5 ! ,pope4 ,we h be5 rem9d$ (t5] ?an once ( ?is s+ul> controv]sy1 by ! late discussions :i* h aris5 9 our *ur* c\rts reg>d+ ! mean+ embodi$ by ,*alm]s 9 t po/hum\s docum5t on ! ,educational "q1 :i* is de/9$1 we hold1 to settle ! :ole controv]sy4 ,at fir/ we reg>d$ x z matt] ( wond] t su* discussions %\ld h aris52 = we _h held t !re 0 really little room = diff]5ce respect+ ! mean+ ( ,*alm]s1--a man ^: nature x 0 to deal ) broad tru?s1 n ) little di/9ctions2 & :o _h always ! w1 & c]ta9ly did n lack ! ability1 ( mak+ himself ?or\ghly und]/ood4 ,we h s9ce ?\ght1 h[ev]1 t z !re is no?+ :i* has once occurr$ t may n occur aga91 :at happ5$ to ! writ+s ( ,jans5ius might well happ5 to "o ( ! writ+s ( ,*alm]s2 & fur!r1 t f c]ta9 conv]sations :i* we _h held ) ! illu/ri\s deceas$ a few mon?s be=e 8 dea?1 on ! subject ( 8 pap]1 & f c]ta9 facts 9 our possession reg>d+ 8 views1 we _h spectacles ?r\gh :i* to look at ! docum5t 9 "q1 & a key to 8 mean+1 :i* mo/ ( ! disputants want$4 ,! "t has at l5g? come :5 ^! helps to ! "r und]/&+ ( s great an au?ority %\ld be no long] )held f ! public4 ,we %all betray no confid5ce2 & %\ld we be compell$ to speak some:at m 9 ! fir/ p]son1 & ( ourselves1 ?an may seem q accordant ) good ta/e1 our read]s w1 we tru/1 suff] u to rem9d !m t we d n commit ! fault v (t51 or v (f5sively1 & t ! pres5t employm5t ( ! p]sonal pron\n1 j a little modifi$ by ! editorial we1 seems inevitably incid5t to ! special l9e ( /atem5t on :i* we propose to ent]4 ,dur+ ! great] "p ( ! ye>s #ahde & #ahdf1 ! ,editor ( ! ,witness 0 set aside f 8 pr(essional lab\rs by a protract$ illness1 9 "p at lea/ an effect ( ! p]haps too assidu\s prosecution ( ^! lab\rs at a previ\s p]iod4 ,he _h to cease p] =ce ev5 f tak+ a v fix$ view ( :at ! ,*ur* 0 do+ or purpos+2 & :51 e>ly 9 ,janu>y #ahdg1 he return$1 aft] a long & dre>y p]iod ( ru/ication1 9 improv$ heal? to ,ed9burgh1 he at lea/ possess$ ! advantage--mu* priz$ by arti/s & au?ors 9 _! respective walks--( be+ able to look ov] ! l5g? & bread? ( 8 subject ) a fre% eye4 ,&1 9 do+ s1 !re 0 "o special circum/ance 9 ! survey suit$ to excite "s al>m4 ,we f\nd t 9 all ! v>i\s s*emes ( ! ,free ,*ur*1 ) b "o exception1 its ext5sively spread memb]%ip & its m active lead]s 7 ?or\ghly at "o2 b t 9 t exceptional s*eme !y 7 n at all at "o4 ,!y 7 at "o 9 _! views respect+ ! ecclesia/ical "* ( m9i/]s1 eld]s1 & *ur* c\rts1 & ( ! absolute necessity :i* exi/s t ^!1 & ^! only1 %\ld possess ! spiritual key4 ,fur!r1 !y 7 :olly at "o 9 recognis+ ! comm& ( our adorable ,savi\r to prea* ! gospel to all nations1 z ( p]petual obligation on ! ,*ur*es4 ,b reg>d+ :at we %all t]m1 )\t tak+ an undue lib]ty ) ! language1 ! p$agogical tea*+ ( religion1 !y diff]$ 9 toto4 ,practically1 & to all int5ts & purposes1 ! s*oolma/]1 9 ! eye ( ! memb]%ip ( our ,*ur*1 & ( ! o!r ,scotti% ,*ur*es1 0 simply a layman1 ! prop] bus9ess ( ^: pr(ession 0 ! communication ( secul> le>n+4 ,& z 9 *oos+ _! tailors & %oemak]s ! p select$ = !mselves ! craftsm5 :o made ! be/ & h&some/ %oes & clo!s1 s1 9 select+ a s*oolma/] = _! *ildr51 !y 7 sure always to select ! tea*] :o 0 f\nd to turn out ! be/ s*ol>s4#b ,all o!r ?+s equal1 !y w\ld h pref]r$ a s]i\s1 dev\t s*oolma/] to "o :o 0 n s]i\s nor dev\t1 j z1 coet]is p>ibus1 !y w\ld h pref]r$ a s]i\s %oemak] or tailor to a non-religi\s mak] ( %oes or clo!s2 b religi\s "* 0 n p]mitt$ to /& z a comp5satory item = pr(essional skill2 nay1 m5 :o might be almo/ cont5t to put up ) a bot*$ coat or a bot*$ pair ( %oes = ! sake ( ! good man :o spoil$ !m1 7 p>ticul>ly c>eful n to bot*1 on any acc\nt :atev]1 ! education ( _! *ildr54 ,9 a c\ntry 9 :i* !re 0 m importance atta*$ ?an 9 p]haps any o!r 9 ! _w to ! religi\s tea*+ ( ! m9i/]1 !re 0 s little importance atta*$ to ! religi\s tea*+ ( ! s*oolma/]1 t1 :5 weigh$ aga9/ ev5 a slight modicum ( secul> qualification1 x 0 f\nd to h no s5sible weight4 ,& ) ?is great practical fact "s ( our lead+ m5 seem$ to be s little acqua9t$1 t !y 7 go+ on ) ! ma*9]y ( _! educational s*eme1 on a scale at lea/ co-ext5sive ) ! ,free ,*ur*1 z if1 l t ,*ur*--all-pot5t 9 h] spiritual "*--x _h a mov+ p[] 9 ! affections ( ! p compet5t to spe$ x on4 ,& x 0 ! great discrepancy ) reg>d to ?is s*eme :i* exi/$ betwe5 ! feel+s ( ! p & ! anticipations ( "s ( our lead+ m51 cl]ical & lay1 t excit$ our al>m4 ,unless t discrepancy be remov$1 we said--unless ! anticipations ( ! m5 engag$ 9 ! lay+ d[n ( ?is s*eme be sob]$ to ! level ( ! feel+s ( ! lay memb]%ip ( our ,*ur*1 or1 vice v]sa1 ! feel+s ( ! lay memb]%ip ( our ,*ur* be rais$ to ! level ( ! anticipations ( our lead]s--bankruptcy w be ! infallible result4 ,f ! contributions ( our laym5 c ! s*eme alone d]ive its support2 & if our lead]s lay x d[n on a l>ge scale1 & our laym5 contribute on a small "o1 alas = its solv5cy6 ,su* 7 our views1 & su* our inf]5ces1 on ?is occasion2 & to ,?omas ,*alm]s1 at once our wise/ & our humble/ man--pati5t to he>1 & sagaci\s to see--we det]m9$ on communicat+ !m4 ,he _h k9dly visit$ ! writ]1 to congratulate him 9 8 dwell+ on 8 return to comp>ative heal? & /r5g?2 & aft] a long & s]i\s conv]sation1 9 :i* he urg$ ! importance ( ma9ta9+ ! ,witness 9 hone/ indep5d5cy1 un9flu5c$ by cliques & p>ties1 :e!r secul> or ecclesia/ical1 ! prospects ( ! ,free ,*ur* educational s*eme 7 briefly discuss$4 ,he 0 evid5tly /ruck by ! view :i* we communicat$1 & receiv$ x 9 f> o!r ?an t p>liam5t>y /yle :i* c politely set aside1 ) "s soo?+ half-complim5t1 ! sugge/ions t run c\nt] to a fav\rite c\rse ( policy already l9$ out & det]m9$ ^u4 ,9 ! discrepancy :i* we po9t$ out to him he recognis$ a fact ( ! practical k9d1 :i* r>ely fail to influ5ce ! affairs ^u :i* !y be>2 & 9 accordance ) 8 "*--= no man c\ld be m ?or\ghly conv9c$ t free discussion nev] hurts a good cause1 & t second ?\ghts are always wis] ?an fir/ ones--he express$ a wi% to see ! educational "q br\ght at once to ! columns ( ! ,witness1 & prob$ to its bottom4 ,we c\ld n1 h[ev]1 see at t "t h[ ! ?+ 0 to be introduc$ 9 a practical =m1 & pref]r$ wait+ on = an opportunity1 :i* 9 ! c\rse ( ev5ts soon occurr$4 ,! ,gov]nm5t came =w>d ) its proposal ( educational grants1 & ! "q 0 rais$--c]ta9ly n by ! writ] ( ^! *apt]s--:e!r or no ! ,free ,*ur* c\ld consci5ti\sly avail h]self ( ^!4 ,x 0 promptly decid$ by "s few ( our lead+ m51 cl]ical & lay1 t %e c\ld n2 & we saw 9 ! decision1 unless c>ri$ by appeal to our c\ntry m9i/]s & ! p1 & by !m rev]s$1 ! introduction ( a fur!r elem5t ( c]ta9 dissolution 9 our educational s*eme4 ,! /atus ( ! s*oolma/] _h be5 made s exce$+ly ecclesia/ical1 & 8 pr(ession s v spiritual1 t ! money ( t ,gov]nm5t ( ! c\ntry ^: "r & duty x is to educate its p1 0 reg>d$ z too vile & base a ?+ to be appli$ to 8 support4 ,!re 7 ev5 rum\rs afloat t our s*oolma/]s 7 on ! eve ( be+ orda9$4 ,we tru/1 h[ev]1 t ! report 0 a false "o1 or1 at wor/1 t ! m5 :o employ$ ! ^w _h made a slip 9 _! ,engli%1 & = ! "t at lea/ _h =got its mean+4 ,ord9ation means t special act :i* gives /atus & /&+ )9 ! ecclesia/ical prov9ce4 ,x implies ! enjo9$ use ( t spiritual key :i* is entru/$ by ,*ri/ to ,8 ,*ur*1 t x may be employ$ j z ,he directs1 & 9 no o!r way4 ,! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur* has z mu* "r to in/itute prelates z to orda9 p$agogues4 ',rememb]1' said an anci5t ,scotti% wor?y1 9 'lift+ up 8 prote/ation' 9 tr\bl\s times1 't ! ,"l has fa%ion$ ,8 ,kirk by ! unc\nt]feit$ "w ( ,8 own new creation2 or1 z ! prophet speake?1 ha? made u1 & n we ourselves2 & t we mu/ n presume to fa%ion a new portraiture ( a ,kirk1 & a new =m ( div9e s]vice1 :i* ,god 9 ,8 ^w ha? n be=e all[$2 see+ t1 7 we to ext5d our au?ority fur!r ?an ! call+ we h ( ,god do? p]mit--z1 namely1 if we %\ld 7z ,god =bid67 au?orize ! au?ority ( bi%ops--we %\ld br+ into ! ,kirk ( ,god ! ord9ance ( man4' ,if m5 are to dep>t f ! 'law & ! te/imony1' we hold t ! especial mode ( _! dep>ture may be v mu* a matt] ( ta/e1 & w\ld1 = our own "p1 pref] bi%ops & c>d9als to poor dom9ies ( ! gospel1 some:at out at ! elb[s4#c ,! f9e l95 & ! purple1 ! cope & ! /ole1 w\ld at lea/ h ! effect ( giv+ t sort ( pleasant relief to ! widespread sable ( our ,assemblies :i* !y possess$ ( yore1 ere !y = ev] lo/ ! gay uni=m ( ! ,"l ,high ,commission]1 ! gold lace ( 8 dragoon (fic]s1 & ! glitt] ( 8 pages 9 silv] & sc>let4 ',we are two ( ! humble/ s]vants ( ,"m ,*ur*1' said ! ,prior & 8 companion to ,wamba1 ! je/] ( ,ro!rwood4 ',two ( ! humble/ s]vants ( ,"m ,*ur*6' repeat$ ,wamba2 ',i %\ld r l to see h] s5es*als1 h] *ief butl]s1 & h] o!r pr9cipal dome/ics4' ,we aga9 saw ,*alm]s1 &1 9 a corn] ap>t f a social p>ty1 ( :i* 8 k9d & g5ial he>t =m$ ! attractive c5tre1 we f\nd he ?or\ghly agre$ ) u 9 hold+ t ! "t = ! discussion ( ! educational "q _h fully come4 ,x 0 a "q1 he said1 on :i* he _h n yet fully made up 8 m9d3 !re 01 h[ev]1 "o po9t on :i* he seem$ cle>--?\gh1 at ?is di/ance ( "t1 we _c def9itively say :e!r ! rem>k reg>d+ x came spontane\sly f himself1 or 0 sugge/$ by any qu]y ( ours--& t 0 ! "r & duty ( a ,gov]nm5t to in/ruct1 & consequ5tly ( ! gov]n$ to receive ! in/ruction ?us communicat$1 if 9 itself good4 ,we rem>k$ 9 turn1 t !re 7 v>i\s po9ts on :i* we also _h to 'grope our way' 7a phrase to :i* ! read] w f9d him ref]r+ 9 8 note1 :i* we subjo972 b t reg>d+ ! inh]5tly secul> "* ( ! s*oolma/]1 & ! "r & duty ( ! ,gov]nm5t to employ him 9 behalf ( its p1 we _h no d\bt :atev]4 ,& s1 p>t+ = ! "t1 we comm5c$ t s]ies ( articles :i*1 z !y 7 n :olly )\t influ5ce 9 communicat+ ju/] views ( ! place & /atus ( ! s*oolma/] ?an _h =m]ly obta9$ 9 ! ,free ,*ur*1 & z !y _h "s little effect 9 lead+ ! ,*ur* to take at lea/ "o /ep 9 av]t+ ! o!rwise inevitable ru9 :i* brood$ ov] h] educational s*eme1 ! read]s ( ! ,witness may p]haps rememb]4 ,we 7 met 9 controv]sy on ! "q by a man1 ! hone/y ( ^: purpose 9 ?is1 z 9 e o!r matt]1 & ! w>m? ( ^: zeal = ! ,*ur* :i* he lov$1 & = :i* he lab\r$1 no "o has ev] que/ion$1 & no "o ev] w4 ,& if1 ?\gh possess$ ( solid1 ?\gh p]haps n brilliant tal5t1 he fail$ on ?is occasion '9 f9d+ 8 h&s1' we are to seek an explanation ( 8 failure simply 9 ! circum/ance t tru?s ( pr9ciple--su* z ^? :i* e/abli% ! "r & duty ( e ,gov]nm5t to educate its p1 or :i* demon/rate ! s*oolma/] to possess a purely secul>1 n an ecclesia/ical /&+--or yet tru?s ( fact1 su* z t = _m ye>s ! national tea*+ ( ,scotl& has n be5 religi\s1 or t ! bett] ,scotti% p w on no acc\nt or consid]ation sacrifice ! secul> education ( _! *ildr5 to ! dream ( a spiritual p$agogy1--are tru?s :i* c nei!r be controv]t$ nor set aside4 ,he did on "o occasion1 dur+ ! c\rse--:at he no d\bt aft]w>ds regrett$--raise aga9/ u ! cry ( infidelity1--a cry :i*1 :5 employ$ respect+ matt]s on :i* ,*ri/ or ,8 apo/les h n spok51 really means no m ?an t he :o employs x1 if truly a good man1 is bili\s1 or has a bad /oma*1 or has lo/ ! ?read ( 8 argum5t or ! equanimity ( 8 temp]4 ,feel+ some:at annoy$1 h[ev]1 we wi%$ to see ,*alm]s once m2 b ! matt] _h n escap$ 8 quick eye1 & 8 k9d he>t sugge/$ ! rem$y4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ! day 9 :i* our views & reason+s 7 po/$ z infidel1 we receiv$ ! foll[+ note f ,morn+side3-- ,,morn+side1 ,m>* #ac1 #ahdg4 ,,my ,,de> ,,sir1--,y are gett+ nobly on on education2 n only grop+ y\r way1 b mak+ way1 & t by a v s5sible /ep 9 advance ?is day4 ,on my own m9d ! tru? evolves itself v gradually2 & ,i am yet a f> way f ! l&+-place4 ,k9de/ respects to ,mrs4 ,mill]2 & ) e>ne/ pray] = ! com=t & happ9ess ( bo?1 ,i ev] am1 my de> ,sir1 y\rs v truly1 ,,?omas ,,*alm]s4 ,hugh ,mill]1 ,esq4 ,9 %ort1 ,?omas ,*alm]s1 by 8 sympa?y & 8 connivance1 _h become z great an infidel z ourselves2 & we h submitt$ to our read]s ! evid5ce ( ! fact1 fully c]tifi$ "u 8 own h&4#d ,!re is a sort ( p]fection 9 ev]y?+2 & p]fection once rea*$1 det]ioration usually beg9s4 ,& :51 9 b&y+ ! phrases infidel & infidelity--l ! fea!r$ missiles 9 ! game ( battl$ore & %uttlecock--!y fell ^u ,*alm]s1 we ?9k !re 0 a droll felicity 9 ! accid5t1 :i* con/itutes = x an irresi/ible claim ( be+ ! t]m9al "o 9 ! s]ies4 ,! climax rea*$ its po9t ( extreme/ elevation2 = ev5 %\ld our infidel-dubb]s d _! be/ or wor/ n[1 x is n at all likely !y w f9d out a second ,*alm]s to hit4 ,we conclud$ our c\rse ( educational articles2 & ?\gh we aft]w>ds saw ! di/+ui%$ man to :om our eye s frequ5tly turn$1 z1 "u ,god1 ! wise pilot ( ! ,free ,*ur*1 & 7 hon\r$ by a communication f him1 dictat$ to 8 secret>y1 we did n aga9 t\* on ! subject ( education4 ,we 71 h[ev]1 gratifi$ to le>n1 f m5 mu* 9 8 confid5ce & company--we hope we d n betray tru/ 9 ref]r+ to ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,task] ( ! ,we/ ,port z "o ( ^!--t he reg>d$ our entire c\rse ) a feel+ ( g5]al approval ak9 to t to :i* he _h giv5 expression 9 8 note4 ,x fur!r gratifies u to reflect t our c\rse _h ! effect ( sett+ 8 em95tly practical m9d a-work+ on ! :ole subject1 & l$ to ! production ( ! ine/imably valuable docum5t1 long & c>efully pond]$1 :i* w d m to settle ! "q ( national education 9 ,scotl& ?an all ! _m volumes :i* h be5 writt5 reg>d+ x4 ,z 9 a well-kn[n in/ance 9 ,scotti% /ory1 x is ! 'dead ,d\glas' :o is to 'w9 ! field4' ,b we lag 9 our n>rative4 ,t melan*oly ev5t took place :i* ca/ a %ade ( sadness ov] ,*ri/5dom2 & 9 a few weeks aft]1 ! po/hum\s docum5t1 k9dly communicat$ to u by ! family ( ! deceas$1 appe>$ 9 ! columns ( ! ,witness4 ,we p]us$ x ) int5se int]e/2 & :at we saw 9 ! fir/ p]usal 01 t ,*alm]s _h gone f> beyond u2 & 9 ! second1 t1 9 lay+ d[n 8 fir/ pr9ciples1 he _h look$ at ! subject1 z 0 8 nature1 9 a broad] & m g5]al aspect1 & _h unlock$ ! difficulty :i* x pres5t$ 9 a m practical & /atesmanlike mann]4 ,we _h1 inde$1 consid]$ 9 ! ab/ract ! "r & duty ( ! civil magi/rate to educate 8 p2 b our ma9 object be+ to w>d (f o!rwise inevitable bankruptcy f a s*eme ( our ,*ur*1 & hav+ to deal ) a sort ( vici\s ,cam]onianism1 t w\ld n accept ( ! magi/rate's money1 ev5 ?\gh he gave ! ,bible & ! ,%ort] ,cate*ism along ) x1 we _h m]ely cont5d$ t money giv5 9 connection ) ! ,bible & ,%ort] ,cate*ism is a v excell5t ?+1 & especially s to m5 :o _c fulfil _! obligations or pay _! debts )\t x4 ,b ,*alm]s _h look$ beyond ! difficulties ( a s*eme1 to ! em]g5cies ( a nation4 ,at ! reque/ ( _m ( our read]s1 we h repr9t$ 8 docum5t 9 full1 z x orig9ally appe>$4#e ,fir/1 let x be rem>k$ t1 aft] briefly /at+ :at he deem$ ! optimity ( ! "q1 he passes on to :at he consid]$ ! only mode ( settl+ x practically1 9 ! pres5t divid$ /ate ( ! ,*ur* & c\ntry4 ,& 9 do+ s he lays d[n1 z a prelim9>y /ep1 ! absolute "r & duty ( ! ,gov]nm5t to educate1 altoge!r indep5d5tly ( ! !ological diff]5ces or divisions :i* may obta9 among ! p or 9 ! ,*ur*es4 ',z !re seems no reason1' he says1 ':y1 because ( ^! unresolv$ diff]5ces1 a public measure = ! heal? ( all1 = ! recreation ( all1 = ! economic advancem5t ( all1 %\ld be held 9 abeyance1 !re seems z little reason :y1 because ( ^! diff]5ces1 a public measure = rais+ ! g5]al intellig5ce ( all %\ld be held 9 abeyance4' ,su* is ! pr9ciple :i* he enunciates reg>d+ ! p>ty possess+ ! "r to educate4 ,let ! read] next m>k 9 :at t]ms he speaks ( ! p>ty to be educat$1 or "u ^: imm$iate sup]9t5d5ce ! education is to be conduct$4 ,^? :o mo/ widely misund]/& ! ,doctor's mean+--f ! circum/ance1 p]haps1 t _! views are mo/ ess5tially at v>iance ) ^? :i* he ent]ta9$--seem to hold t ?is absolute "r on ! "p ( ,gov]nm5t is someh[ conditional on ! p>ties to be educat$1 or to sup]9t5d ! education1 com+ =w>d to !m 9 ! "* ( ,*ur*es4 ,!y deem x necess>y to ! integrity ( 8 mean+1 t ,presbyt]ians %\ld come =w>d z ,presbyt]ians1 ,puseyites z ,puseyites1 ,papi/s z ,papi/s1 & ,soc9ians z ,soc9ians2 9 :i* case1 ( c\rse1 all c\ld be set "r s f> z ! ,free ,*ur* consci5ce 0 conc]n$ 9 ! matt]1 by tak+ ! ,/ate's grant ) ! "o h&1 & hold+ out an indignant prote/ aga9/ its ext5sion to ! errone\s sects 9 ! o!r4 ,b t ,*alm]s c\ld h contemplat$ any?+ s mon/r\s z t ,scot*m5 %\ld ?9k ( com+ =w>d simply z ,scot*m51 !y _c believe4 ,he mu/ h reg>d$ ! ,/ate's unconditional "r to educate z conditional aft] all1 & dep5d5t on ! =m assum$ by ! p>ty on :i* or ?r\gh :i* x 0 to be ex]cis$4 ,let ! read] exam9e = himself1 & see :e!r !re exi/s 9 ! docum5t a s+le expression suit$ to fav\r su* a view4 ,no?+ c be pla9] ?an ! words ',p>liam5t1' ',gov]nm5t1' ',/ate1' ',legislature1' employ$ to designate ! educat+ p>ty on ! "o h&2 & surely no?+ pla9] ?an ! words 'p1' 'm5 ( all ,*ur*es & d5om9ations1' 'families ( ! l&1' & 'society at l>ge1' made use ( 9 designat+ ! p>ty to be educat$1 or entru/$ ) ! educational means or ma*9]y1 on ! o!r4 ,!re is a well-gr\nd$ confid5ce express$ 9 ! ,*ri/ian & philan?ropic zeal :i* obta9 ?r\gh\t society2 b ! only bodies ecclesia/ical :i* we f9d specially nam$--if1 inde$1 "o ( ^! c be reg>d$ z at all ecclesia/ical--are ! ',unit>ians & ! ,ca?olics4' ,x 0 ) ! broad "q ( national education 9 its relation to two great p>ties plac$ 9 happy opposition1 z ! 'inn] hall ( legislation' & ! 'out] field ( society1' t we f9d ,dr4 ,*alm]s ma9ly deal+4 ,& yet ! docum5t does conta9 palpable ref]5ce to ! ,gov]nm5t s*eme4 ,!re is "o clause 9 :i* x urges ! propriety ( 'leav+ ! matt] ( religion to ! p>ties :o _h to d ) ! erection & managem5t ( ! s*ools :i* ! rul]s ( ! c\ntry _h be5 call$ on to assi/4' ,b ! great] includes ! less1 & ! mu* t is g5]al 9 ! pap] is 9 no degree neutraliz$ by ! little 9 x t is p>ticul>4 ,! ,hon4 ,mr4 ,fox ,maule c\ld p]haps ?r[ "s additional light on ?is matt]4 ,x 0 at 8 special desire1 & 9 consequ5ce ( a conv]sation on ! subject :i* he held ) ,*alm]s1 t ! docum5t 0 drawn up4 ,! nature ( ! reque/ c\ld n1 ( c\rse1 alt] :atev] is absolutely pres5t 9 :at x 0 ! means ( produc+2 b x w\ld be some?+ to "k :e!r :at ! /atesman ask$ 0 a decision on a special educational s*eme1 or--:at any /atesman might well desire to possess--! judgm5t ( s wise & great a man on ! all-important subject ( national education4 ,x w be f\nd t ! foll[+ valuable lett]s f ,dr4 ,gu?rie & ! ,hon4 ,mr4 ,fox ,maule det]m9e ! mean+ ( ,dr4 ,*alm]s on 8 own au?ority3-- #b1 ,,lauri/on ,,lane1 ,m>* #e1 #ahej4 ,,my ,,de> ,,mr4 ,,mill]1--,:5 su* conflict+ /atem5ts 7 advanc$ z to ! be>+ ( ,dr4 ,*alm]s' celebrat$ pap] on education1 al?\gh ,i _h no d\bt 9 my own m9d t ! view y _h tak5 ( t valuable docum5t 0 ! correct "o1 & _h t view confirm$ by a conv]sation ,i _h ) 8 son-9-law1 ,mr4 ,m',k5zie1 :o he>d ,dr ,*alm]s discuss ! matt] 9 ,london1 & act$1 inde$1 z 8 amanu5sis 9 writ+ t pap]2 yet ,i ?\ght x 7 well also to see :e!r ,mr4 ,maule c\ld ?r[ any light on ! subject4 ,i wrote him ) t object 9 view2 & :ile we mu/ regret t we are call$ to diff] f "s mo/ em95t & excell5t fri5ds on ?is important "q1 x bo? com=ts & confirms u to f9d ano!r mo/ important te/imony 9 ! lett] :i* ,i n[ s5d to y1 9 fav\r ( our op9ion1 t ,dr4 ,*alm]s1 _h ,god sp>$ him to ?is day1 w\ld h lift$ up 8 mighty voice to advocate ! views 9 :i* we are agre$4 ,into ! f]m5t+ m9d ( ! public x is ! duty ( e "o to ca/ 9 :atev] may1 by ,god's bless+1 lead to a happy t]m9ation ( ?is great "q2 & ) ?is view ,i s5d y ! lett] :i* ,i h _h ! hon\r to receive f ,mr4 ,maule4--,believe me1 y\rs ev]1 ,,?omas ,,gu?rie4 ,,grosv5or ,,/reet1 ,m>* #d1 #ahej4 ,,my ,,de> ,,dr4 ,,gu?rie1--,:5 y wrote me "s "t s9ce ^u ! subject ( ! communication made to me by ! late ,dr4 ,*alm]s ^u ! all-important "q ( education1 ,i c\ld n take ^u myself to say positively 7?\gh ,i _h v little d\bt 9 my m9d7 :e!r t docum5t took its orig9 9 a desire express$ by me to h ,dr4 ,*alm]s' op9ion on ! g5]al "q ( education1 or m]ely ^u ! s*eme laid d[n & pursu$ by ! ,committee ( ,privy ,c\ncil4 ,my impression has always be51 t ,dr4 ,*alm]s address$ himself to ! "q z a :ole2 & on look+ ov] my pap]s a few days s9ce1 ,i f9d t impression q confirm$ by ! foll[+ s5t5ce1 9 a note 9 ,dr4 ,*alm]s' h&writ+1 be>+ date #ba/ ,may #ahdg3--';,i hope t by to-morr[ night ,i %all h prep>$ a few brief s5t5ces on ! subject ( education4' ,none ( u ?\ght h[ ine/imable ^! brief s5t5ces 7 to become1 =m+1 z !y d1 ! la/ writt5 evid5ce ( ! tone ( 8 great m9d on ?is subject4 ,%\ld y address y\rself to ?is "q1 y are1 9 my op9ion1 fully ju/ifi$ 9 deal+ ) ! memor&um z ref]r+ to g5]al & national arrangem5ts1 & n to ^? :i* are ess5tially ( a tempor>y & v>y+ "*4--,believe me1 ) great e/eem1 y\rs s9c]ely1 ,f4 ,,maule4 ----- #b ,?is passage has be5 ref]r$ to 9 sev]al ,free ,*ur* presbyt]ies1 z if ! writ] _h affirm$ t ! s*oolma/] /&s on no high] level ?an ! %oemak] or tailor4 ,we ne$ sc>ce say1 h[ev]1 t ! passage conveys no su* mean+4 ,by affirm+ t 9 matt]s ( *imney-sweep+ m5 *oose = !mselves ! be/ *imney-sweeps1 & 9 matt]s ( indisposition or disease ! be/ physicians1 we d n at all level ! physician ) ! *imney-sweep3 we m]ely intimate t !re is a be/ 9 bo? pr(essions1 & t m5 select t be/1 z pref]able to :at is inf]ior or worse1 on e occasion !y c4 #c ,we h le>n$ t :at 0 actually int5d$ at ?is "t 01 n to orda91 b only to induct our s*oolma/]s4 ,& _! induction w\ld h made1 we d\bt n1 :at ,foig>d 9 ! play calls a 'v pretty %]emony4' ,b no m]e c]emony1 h[ev] impos+1 c communicate to a secul> pr(ession a spiritual /atus or "*4 #d ,a fac-simile ( ?is lett] 0 reproduc$ 9 ! columns ( ! ,witness4--,,ed4 #e ,see ,introduction4 ,,*apt] ,,second4 ,"r & ,duty ( ! ,civil ,magi/rate to educate ! ,p--,f\nd$ on two di/9ct ,pr9ciples1 ! "o economic1 ! o!r judicial--,"r & ,duty ( ! ,p>5t--,natural1 n ,ecclesia/ical--,exam9ation ( ! purely ,ecclesia/ical ,claim--,! real ,rights 9 ! case ^? ( ! ,/ate1 ! ,p>5t1 & ! ,ratepay]--,! t]ms ,p>5t & ,ratepay] conv]tible into ! "o t]m ,h\sehold]4 ,:]ev] m9d is employ$1 ?\ght w be evolv$2 & 9 all que/ions ( a practical "*1 tru?1 :5 hone/ly s\ght1 is ultimately f\nd4 ,& s we deem x a happy circum/ance1 t !re %\ld be m m9ds hone/ly engag$ at ! pres5t "t on ! educational problem ?an at p]haps any =m] p]iod4 ,to ! upright light w arise4 ,! "q _c be too pr(\ndly pond]$1 nor too c>efully discuss$2 & at ! urg5t reque/ ( n a few ( our bett] read]s1 we purpose exam9+ x anew 9 a c\rse ( occasional articles1 conv9c$ t its crisis has at l5g? come1 j z ! crisis ( ! ,*ur* "q _h 9 reality come :5 ! late ,dr4 ,m',crie publi%$ 8 extraord9>y pamphlet2#f & t x mu/ dep5d on ! "p n[ tak5 by ! ,free ,*ur* 9 ?is matt]1 :e!r "s t5 ye>s h5ce %e is to posses any %>e1 ev5 ! slighte/1 9 ! education ( ! c\ntry4 ,we ask our read]s sev]ely to te/ all our /atem5ts1 :e!r ( pr9ciple or ( fact1 & to suff] no?+ 9 ! lea/ to influ5ce !m :i* is n rational1 or :i* is n true4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 !n1 we hold ) ,*alm]s1 t x is unque/ionably ! "r & duty ( ! civil magi/rate to educate 8 p1 altoge!r indep5d5tly ( ! religion :i* he himself holds1 or ( ! religi\s diff]5ces :i* may unhappily obta9 among !m4 ,ev5 %\ld !re be z _m sects 9 a c\ntry z !re are families or individuals1 ! "r & duty /ill rema94 ,religion1 9 su* circum/ances1 c palpably =m no "p ( a ,gov]nm5t s*eme ( tuition2 b !re is no?+ 9 ! elem5t ( religi\s diff]5ce to furni% ev5 a pretext = exclud+ ^? important secul> bran*es :i* be> ref]5ce to ! pr9ciples ( trade1 ! qualities ( matt]1 ! relations ( numb]s1 ! prop]ties ( figur$ space1 ! philosophy ( gramm>1 or ! =m & body :i* 9 v>i\s c\ntries & ages lit]ature & ! belles lettres h assum$4 ,& ?is "r & duty ( a ,gov]nm5t to in/ruct1 re/1 we hold1 on two di/9ct pr9ciples1--! "o economic1 ! o!r judicial4 ,education adds imm5sely to ! economic value ( ! subjects ( a ,/ate4 ,! pr(essional & m]cantile m5 :o 9 ?is c\ntry live by _! own ex]tions1 & pay ! income tax1 & all ! o!r direct taxes1 are educat$ m52 :]eas its un$ucat$ m5 d n pay ! direct taxes1 &1 save 9 ! article ( intoxicat+ dr9k1 v little ( ! indirect ones2 & a l>ge proportion ( _! numb]1 s f> f contribut+ to ! national weal?1 are positive burd5s on ! community4 ,& on ! class ( facts to :i* ?is important fact belongs re/s ! economic "r & duty ( ! civil magi/rate to educate4 ,8 judicial "r & duty are f\nd$ on ! circum/ance1 t ! laws :i* he promulgates are writt5 laws1 & t :at he writes = ! guidance ( ! p1 ! p ought to be enabl$ to read2 see+ t to puni% = ! brea* ( a law1 ( ! exi/5ce ( :i* he :o breaks x has be5 left 9 ignorance1 is n man-law1 b :at ,j]emy ,b5?am well designates dog-law1 & altoge!r unju/4 ,we are1 ( c\rse1 f> f suppos+ t e ,briti% subject :o c read is to p]use ! va/ libr>y :i* ! ,briti% ,acts ( !mselves compose2 b we hold t education =ms ! only direct means ?r\gh :i* writt5 law1 z a regulator ( conduct1 c be kn[n1 & t1 9 consequ5ce1 9 its practical bread? & av]age aspect1 x is only educat$ m5 :o "k x1 & only un$ucat$ m5 :o are ignorant ( x4 ,& h5ce ! d]ivation ( ! magi/rate's judicial "r & duty4 ,b on ?is "p ( our subject1 ) ,free ,*ur*m5 = our read]s1 we ne$ n surely insi/4 ,our ,*ur* has homologat$ at lea/ ! g5]al pr9ciple ( ! civil magi/rate's "r & duty1 by becom+ ! recipi5t ( 8 educational grant4 ,if he has no "r to give1 %e c h no "r to receive4 ,if he1 in/ead ( p]=m+ a duty1 has p]petrat$ a wrong1 %e1 to all int5ts & purposes1 be+ guilty ( receipt1 is a p>ticipator 9 ! crime4 ,nay1 fur!r1 let x be rem>k$ t1 z indicat$ by ! spee*es ( "s ( our abl] & m influ5tial m51 !re seems to exi/ a decid$ wi% on ! "p ( ! ,free ,*ur*1 t ! ,/ate1 9 its educational grants1 %\ld assume a purely secul> "*1 & disp5se ) ! c]tificate ( religi\s tra9+ :i* x at pres5t dem&s1--a c]tificate :i*1 ?\gh anomal\sly requir$ ( sects ( ! mo/ opposite t5ets1 con/itutes not)/&+1 9 ?is bus9ess ( grants1 ! sole recognition ( religion on ! "p ( ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,n[ ?is1 if a fact at all1 is ess5tially a noticeable & pregnant "o1 & %[s h[ mu* opposite p>ties are 9 reality at "o on a pr9ciple reg>d+ :i* !y at lea/ seem to dispute4 ,! "r & duty ( ! civil magi/rate ?us e/abli%$1 let u next consid] ano!r ma9 elem5t 9 ! "q1--! "r & duty ( ! p>5t4 ,x is1 we ass]t1 imp]ative on e p>5t 9 ,scotl& & else:]e to educate 8 *ildr52 & on ! pr9ciple t he is a jo9t contributor ) ! ,gov]nm5t to ! support ( e national tea*]--! ,gov]nm5t giv+ sal>y1 & ! p>5t fees--we ass]t fur!r1 t %\ld ! ,gov]nm5t give its sal>y 'exclusively z ! expression ( its value = a good secul> education1' he may1 not)/&+1 dem& t 8 fees %\ld be receiv$ z ! repres5tative ( 8 value = a good religi\s education4 ,:e!r 8 pr9ciples be ^? ( ! ,volunt>y or ( ! ,e/abli%m5t-man1 ! same s*oolma/] :o is a secul> tea*] 9 relation to ! ,gov]nm5t1 may be a religi\s tea*] 9 relation to him4 ,= unless ! ,/ate positively =bid its s*oolma/] to communicate religi\s in/ruction1 he exi/s to ! p>5t1 9 virtue ( ! fees giv5 & receiv$1 9 exactly ! circum/ances ( ! tea*] ( any adv5ture s*ool4 ,let u fur!r rem>k1 t ! rights ( ! p>5t 9 ! matt] ( education are n ecclesia/ical1 b natural rights4 ,! writ] ( ?is article is "o ( ! p>5ts ( ,scotl&2 &1 simply z su*1 he claims = himself ! "r ( *oos+ 8 *ildr5's tea*] on 8 own responsibility1 & ( det]m9+ :at 8 *ildr5 are to be taught4 ,! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,?omas ,gu?rie is 8 m9i/]2 & he also is "o ( ! p>5ts ( ,scotl&1 & enjoys1 z su*1 a "r id5tical 9 all respects ) t ( 8 p>i%ion] & he>]4 ,b x is only an id5tical & co-equal "r4 ,%\ld ! writ] s5d 8 boy to a ,sociali/ or ,popi% s*ool1 to be taught ei!r gross sup]/ition or gross infidelity1 ! m9i/] w\ld h a "r to int]f]e1 &1 if entreaty & remon/rance fail$1 to br+ him to discipl9e = s palpable a brea* ( 8 baptismal engagem5t4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 x 0 ! m9i/] :o _h s5t 8 boy to ! ,sociali/ or ,popi% s*ool1 ! p>i%ion] w\ld h a "r to int]f]e1 &1 7 entreaty & remon/rance disreg>d$1 to br+ him to discipl9e4 ,m9i/] & p>i%ion] /&1 we repeat1 9 ?is matt]1 on exactly ! same level4 ,nor h t51 tw5ty1 a hundr$1 a ?\s&1 tw5ty ?\s&1 or a hundr$ ?\s& lay p>5ts1 or yet t51 tw5ty1 a hundr$1 or a ?\s& cl]ical p>5ts1 :e!r exi/+ z a congregation or hundr$s ( congregations on ! "o h&1 or z a ,presbyt]y1 ,synod1 or ,g5]al ,assembly on ! o!r1 rights 9 ?is matt] t 9 ! lea/ diff] 9 _! nature f ! rights possess$ by ! s+le cl]gyman1 ,dr4 ,gu?rie1 or by ! s+le layman1 ! ,editor ( ! ,witness4 ,! sole "r :i* exi/s 9 ! case--t ( ! p>5t--is a natural "r1 n an ecclesia/ical "o2 & ! sole modification :i* x c receive f ! sup]add$ elem5t ( ,*ur* memb]%ip is simply t modification to :i* we ref] z f\nd$ on ! religi\s duty ( bo? memb] & m9i/]1 9 its relation to ecclesia/ical law & ! baptismal v[4 ,nor1 be x obs]v$1 does ?is our recognition1 9 our "* z a ,*ur* memb]1 ( ecclesia/ical rule & au?ority1 give our m9i/] any true gr\nds = urg+ t x is our b\nd5 duty1 9 virtue ( our p>5tal engagem5ts1 & f ! exi/5ce ( su* g5]al texts z ! (t5 quot$ "o1 ',tra9 up a *ild1' etc41 to s5d our *ildr5 to "s s*ool 9 :i* religion is expressly taught4 ,f> less does x give him a "r to dem& any su* ?+4 ,we are ,free ,*ur* 9 our pr9ciples2 & ! gr& di/9ctive pr9ciple = :i*1 dur+ ! protract$ ,*ur* controv]sy1 we nev] ceas$ to cont5d1 0 simply ! "r ( *oos+ our own religi\s tea*]1 on ! /r5g? ( our own convictions1 & on our own exclusive responsibility4 ,we laugh$ to scorn ! idea t ! ?ree items ( ,dr4 ,george ,cook's ceaseless it]ations--life1 lit]ature1 & doctr9e--=m$ ! full tale ( m9i/]ial qualification3 !re 0 yet a f\r? item1 inf9itely m important ?an all ! o!rs put toge!r1 viz4 godl9ess1 or religion prop]1 or1 9 yet o!r words1 ! reg5]ation ( ! :ole man by ! ,_s ( ,god4 ,& on ?is la/ item we held t x 0 ! "r & duty ( ! p :o ,*ose = !mselves1 & = _! *ildr51 a religi\s tea*]1 & ( none o!rs1 cl]ical or lay1 solemnly to decide4 ,& :ile we /ill hold by ?is sacr$ pr9ciple on ! "o h&1 we see cle>ly1 on ! o!r1 t ! sole qualifications ( our ,free ,*ur* tea*]s1 z prep>$ 9 our ,normal ,s*ools1 correspond to b ,dr4 ,cook's ?ree items2 nay1 t in/ead ( exce$+1 !y fall greatly %ort ( ^!4 ,! c]tificate ( "* :i* ! "y c&idates br+ to ! in/itution answ]s b lamely to ! item 'life2' ! am\nt ( secul> in/ruction imp>t$ to !m )9 its walls answ]s b inadequately to ! item 'lit]ature2' :ile ! modicum ( !ological tra9+ receiv$1 mo/ c]ta9ly n equal to a f\r ye>s' c\rse ( !ology at a ,div9ity ,hall1 answ]s b indiff]5tly to ! cr[n+ item ( ! ?ree--'doctr9e4' ,t p>am\nt item1 conv]sion on ! "p ( ! tea*] to ,god1 is /ill unacc\nt$ =2 & we cont5d t1 respect+ t item1 ! p>5t1 & ! p>5t only1 has a "r to decide1 all difficult & d\btful z ! decision may be3 = be x rememb]$1 t !re exi/ no su* data on :i* to arrive at a judgm5t 9 cases ( ?is nature1 z exi/ 9 ! *oos+ ( a m9i/]4 ,& ?\gh we w\ld deem x em95tly "r & prop] t our *ild %\ld read 8 daily ,scripture lesson to "s respectable s*oolma/]1 a believ] 9 ! div9e au?ority ( revelation1 & %\ld repeat to him 8 weekly tale ( que/ions f ! ,national ,cate*ism1 yet to ! extempore religi\s tea*+ ( no m]ely respectable s*oolma/] w\ld we subject our *ild's he>t & consci5ce4 ,= we hold t ! religi\s lessons ( ! unreg5]ate lack reg5]at+ life2 & t :atev] 9 ?is all-important dep>tm5t does n int5]ate & s(t51 r>ely fails to h>d5 & to se>4 ,religi\s prea*m5ts f a secul> he>t are ! dropp+s ( a petrify+ spr+1 :i* conv]t all t !y fall ^u into /one4 ,fur!r1 we hold t a mi/ake reg>d+ ! "* ( a s*oolma/] au?oriz$ to tea* religion extempore might be greatly m s]i\s1 & might involve an imm5sely deep] responsibility1 ?an a simil> mi/ake reg>d+ a m9i/]4 ,! m9i/] prea*es to gr[n m5--a l>ge proportion ( !m memb]s ( ! ,*ur*--n a few ( !m (fice-be>]s 9 its s]vice1 & compet5t1 9 consequ5ce1 to judge respect+ bo? ! doctr9e :i* he exhibits & ! mode ( its exhibition2 b x is *ildr51 immature ( judgm5t1 & extremely limit$ 9 _! k1 :om ! religion-tea*+ s*oolma/] has to address4 ,nay1 m3 9 *oos+ a m9i/]1 we may mi/ake ! "* ( ! man2 b !re c be no mi/ake made reg>d+ ! "* ( ! (fice1 see+ t x is an (fice appo9t$ by ,god ,himself2 :]eas 9 *oos+ a religion-tea*+ s*oolma/]1 we may mi/ake ! "* ( bo? ! man & ! (fice too4 ,we are responsible 9 ! "o case = only ! man2 we are responsible 9 ! o!r = bo? ! man & ! (fice4 ,we h yet ano!r objection to any au?oritative int]f]5ce on ! "p ( ecclesia/ical c\rts ) ! natural rights & enjo9$ duties ( ! p>5t 9 ! matt] ( education4 ,ev5 ?\gh we fully recognis$ "s consci5ti\s tea*] z himself 9 possession ( ! div9e life1 we might reg>d him z v unfitt$1 f "s natural h>%ness ( temp]1 or "s coldness ( he>t1 or "s infirmity ( judgm5t1 = be+ a mission>y ( religion to ! *ildr5 "u 8 c>e4 ,at "o p]iod e>ly 9 life we sp5t _m a leisure h\r 9 draw+ up a gossip+ little hi/ory ( our native t[n1 & f\nd1 9 trac+ out ! memorabilia ( its p>i% s*ool1 t ! ,rev4 ,john ,russell1 aft]w>ds ( ,kilm>nock & ,/irl+1 & some:at fam\s 9 ,scotti% lit]ature z "o ( ! cl]ical antagoni/s ( ,burns1 _h taught 9 x = twelve ye>s1 & t sev]al ( 8 pupils 7n[ long s9ce dep>t$7 /ill liv$4 ,we s\ght !m out "o by "o1 & succe$$ 9 rescu+ sev]al curi\s passages 9 8 hi/ory1 & 9 f9d+ t1 ?\gh n "o among !m d\bt$ ! s9c]ity ( 8 religion1 nor yet 8 consci5ti\sness z a s*oolma/]1 !y all equally reg>d$ him z a h>%-temp]$1 irascible man1 :o succe$$ 9 inspir+ all 8 pupils ) fe>1 b n "o ( !m ) love4 ,n[1 to no su* type ( s*oolma/]1 h[ev] /rong our conviction ( 8 p]sonal piety1 w\ld we entru/ ! religi\s tea*+ ( our *ild4 ,if necessitat$ to place our boy "u 8 p$agogical rule & sup]9t5d5ce1 we w\ld address him ?us3 ,lack+ "t1 & mayhap ability1 ourselves to in/ruct our son1 we entru/ him to y1 & ?is simply on ! same division ( lab\r pr9ciple on :i* we give ! mak+ ( our %oes to a %oemak]1 & ! mak+ ( our clo!s to a tailor4 ,& 9 ord] t y may n lack ! p[] necess>y to ! accompli%m5t ( y\r task--= we hold t 'folly is b\nd up 9 ! he>t ( a *ild'--we make ov] to y our au?ority to admoni% & correct4 ,b ?\gh we c put into y\r h&s ! p>5tal rod--) an advice1 h[ev]1 to use x discreetly & ) temp]--!re are ?+s :i* we _c communicate to y4 ,we _c make ov] to y our *ild's affection = u1 nor yet our affection = our *ild3 ) ^! joys 'a /rang] int]m$dle? n4' ,& z religi\s tea*+ )\t love1 & conduct$ "u ! exclusive influ5ce ( fe>1 may & mu/ be b>r5--nay1 worse ?an b>r5--we ask y to leave ?is "p ( our duty z a p>5t entirely to ourselves4 ,our duty x is1 & to y we delegate no "p ( x2 & ?is1 n because we deem x unimportant1 b because we deem x important 9 ! highe/ degree1 & are solicit\s t no unk9dly elem5t %\ld m> x 9 its effects4 ,n[ :]e1 we ask1 is ! ecclesia/ical (fice-be>] :o1 9 8 (ficial "*1 or 9 any "* or capacity :atev]1 has a "r au?oritatively to *all5ge our rejection1 on our own p>5tal responsibility1 ( ! religi\s tea*+ ( ev5 a conv]t$ s*oolma/]1 on purely reasonable gr\nds su* z ^!8 ,or :]e is ! ecclesia/ical (fice-be>] :o has an au?oritative "r to *all5ge our yet weighti] ,free ,*ur* objection to ! religi\s tea*+ ( a s*oolma/] :om we _c avoid reg>d+ z an unreg5]ate man1 or :om we at lea/ d n "k to be a reg5]ate "o8 ,or yet fur!r1 :]e is ! ecclesia/ical (fice-be>] :o has a "r au?oritatively to be> d[n or set aside our purely ,prote/ant caveat aga9/ a tea*] ( religion :o1 9 8 pr(essional capacity1 has no place or /&+ 9 ! ^w ( ,god8 ,! "r & duty ( ! civil magi/rate 9 all circum/ances to educate 8 p1 & ( p>5ts to *oose _! *ildr5's tea*]1 & to det]m9e :at !y are to be taught1 we are compell$ to recognise2 & !re seems to be a h>mony betwe5 ! two rights--! p>5tal & ! magi/]ial1 ) ! sal>y ( ! "o & ! fees ( ! o!r--suit$1 we ?9k1 to unlock _m a difficulty2 b ! au?oritative /&+1 9 ?is "q1 ( ! ecclesia/ic z su*1 we h hi!rto fail$ to see4 ,! p>5t1 z a ,*ur* memb] or m9i/]1 is am5able to discipl9e2 b 8 natural rights 9 ! matt] are simply ^? ( ! p>5t1 & 8 political rights simply ^? ( ! subject & ! ratepay]4 ,& 9 ?is educational "q c]ta9 political rights are involv$4 ,9 ! pres5t /ate ( ?+s1 ! p>i% s*oolma/]s ( ! k+dom are *os5 by ! p>i% m9i/]s & p>i% h]itors3 ! two elem5ts involv$ are ! ecclesia/ical & ! political4 ,b :ile we see ! p>i% m9i/] z b ! m]e idle image ( a /ate ( ?+s pass$ away = ev]1 & possess$ 9 8 m9i/]ial capacity ( m]ely a /atutory "r1 :i*1 ?\gh x exi/s to-day1 may be ju/ly swept away to-morr[1 we recognise ! h]itor z possess$ ( a real "r2 & :at we *all5ge is m]ely its engross+ ext5t1 n its nature4 ,we reg>d x z j 9 k9d1 b exorbitant 9 degree2 & on ! simple pr9ciple t ! money ( ! ,/ate is ! money ( ! p1 & t ! p h a "r to det]m9e t x be n misappli$ or misdirect$1 we w\ld1 ) c]ta9 limitations1 ext5d to ! ratepay]s z a body ! privileges1 9 ?is educational dep>tm5t1 n[ exclusively ex]cis$ by ! h]itors4 ,9 t educational fran*ise :i* we w\ld fa9 see ext5d$ to ! ,scotti% p1 we recognise two great elem5ts1 & b two only1--! natural1 or t ( ! p>5t2 & ! political1 or t ( ! ratepay]4 ,^! =m ! two opposite sides ( ! pyramid2 &1 ?\gh div]se 9 _! nature1 let ! read] m>k h[ nicely = all practical purposes !y conv]ge into ! po9t1 h\sehold]4 ,! h\sehold]s ( ,scotl& include all ! ratepay]s ( ,scotl&4 ,! h\sehold]s ( ,scotl& include also all ! p>5ts ( ,scotl&4 ,we w\ld !re=e fix on ! h\sehold]s ( a p>i% z ! class 9 :om ! "r ( nom9at+ ! p>i% s*oolma/] %\ld be ve/$4 ,b on ! same pr9ciple ( high exp$i5cy on :i* we exclude h\sehold]s ( a c]ta9 /&+ f ex]cis+ ! political fran*ise 9 ! election ( a memb] ( ,p>liam5t1 w\ld we exclude c]ta9 o!r h\sehold]s1 (1 h[ev]1 a mu* l[] /&+1 f vot+ 9 ! election ( a p>i% s*oolma/]4 ,we are n prep>$ to be ,*>ti/s 9 ei!r dep>tm5t1--! educational or ! political2 & ?is simply on ! gr\nd t ,*>tism 9 ei!r w\ld be prejudicial to ! g5]al good4 ,on ?is "p ( ! subject1 h[ev]1 we %all ent] at full l5g? 9 our next4 ,mean:ile we aga9 urge our read]s c>efully to exam9e = !mselves all our /atem5ts & propositions1--to take no?+ on tru/1--to set no /ore by any man's ipse dixit1 be he editor or eld]1 m9i/] or layman4 ,9 ?is "q1 z 9 a ?\s& o!rs1 'tru? lies at ! bottom ( ! well2' & if %e be n n[ f\nd & consult$1 to ! exclusion ( e prejudice1 & ! disreg>d ( e petty little int]e/ & s9i/] motive1 x w be ill t5 ye>s h5ce ) ! ,free ,*ur* ( ,scotl& 9 h] "* z an educator4 ,h] safety re/s1 9 ! pres5t crisis1 9 ! j & ! true1 & 9 ! j & ! true only4 ----- #f ,:at ought ! ,g5]al ,assembly to d at ! pres5t ,crisis8 7#ahcc47 ,,*apt] ,,?ird4 ,p>ties to :om ! ,educational ,fran*ise might be safely ext5d$--,h\se ,proprietors1 ,h\se ,t5ants ( a c]ta9 /&+1 ,f>m]s1 ,cr(t]s--,s*eme ( an ,educational ,faculty--,effects ( ! desir$ ,ext5sion--,x w\ld re/ore ! ,national ,s*ools to ! ,p ( ! ,nation4 ,x is ! "r & duty ( e ,gov]nm5t to educate its p1 :atev] ! k9ds or v>ieties ( religion :i* may obta9 among !m2--x is ! "r & duty ( e p>5t to select1 on 8 own responsibility1 8 *ildr5's tea*]1 & to det]m9e :at 8 *ildr5 are to be taught2--x is ! "r & duty ( e memb] ( ! commonweal? to see t ! commonweal?'s money1 devot$ to educational purposes1 be n squ&]$ on incompet5t m51 &1 9 virtue ( 8 contributions z a ratepay]1 to possess a voice ) ! p>5ts ( a c\ntry 9 ! selection ( its sal>i$ s*oolma/]s4 ,!re exi/1 on ! "o h&1 ! "r & duty ( ! ,/ate2 !re exi/1 on ! o!r1 ! rights & duties ( ! p>5ts & ratepay]s2 & we f9d bo? p>5ts & ratepay]s pres5t+ !mselves 9 ! aggregate1 & = all practical purposes 9 ?is matt]1 z a s+le class1 viz4 ! h\sehold]s ( ! k+dom4 ,b z1 9 deal+ ) ^! 9 purely political que/ions1 we exclude a c]ta9 portion ( !m f ! ex]cise ( ! political fran*ise1 & t simply because1 z classes1 !y are un9=m$ or dang]\s1 & might employ p[]1 if !y possess$ x1 to ! public prejudice1 s w\ld we exclude a c]ta9 proportion ( !m1 on simil> gr\nds1 f ! educational fran*ise4 ,9 select+1 h[ev]1 ! safe classes ( h\sehold]s1 we w\ld employ te/s some:at dissimil> 9 _! "* f ^? to :i* ! ,re=m ,act ext5ds its exclusive sanction1 & e/abli% a some:at diff]5t ord] ( qualifications f ^? :i* x erects4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 we w\ld fa9 ext5d ! educational fran*ise to all ^? h\sehold]s ( ,scotl& :o inhabit h\ses ( _! own1 h[ev] humble 9 k9d1 or h[ev] l[ ! valuation ( _! r5tal4 ,we "k n a saf] or m solid1 or1 9 ! ma91 m intellig5t class1 ?an ^? work+ m5 ( ! c\ntry :o1 ) ! sav+s ( half a lifetime1 build or pur*ase a dwell+ = !mselves1 & !n sit d[n r5t-free = ! re/ ( _! lives1 ea* '! mon>* ( a %$4' ,) ^! m5 we are intimately acqua9t$1 = we h liv$ & lab\r$ among !m2 & v r>ely h we fail$ to f9d ! ?at*$ domicile1 ( mayhap two little rooms & a closet1 ) a pat* ( g>d5-gr\nd beh9d1 ( :i* "s h>d-h&$ c\ntry me*anic or lab\r] _h1 ?r\gh 8 own ex]tions1 become ! pr\d possessor1 =m+ a high] c]tificate ( "* ?an ma/]s ! mo/ consci5ti\s & disc]n+ c\ld be/[ ^u _! employs1 or ev5 ,*ur*es !mselves ^u _! memb]s4 ,nor is ?is h\se-own+ qualification mu* less valuable :5 x has be5 d]iv$ by inh]itance--n wr\ght =2 see+ t ! man :o reta9s 8 little patrimony unsqu&]$ mu/ be at lea/ a /eady1 indu/ri\s man1 ! slave ( no exp5sive or disreputable vice4 ,let u rem>k1 h[ev]1 t we w\ld n atta* ! educational fran*ise to prop]ty z su*3 ! proprietor ( ! h\se1 :e!r a small h\se or a l>ge "o1 w\ld require to be ! bona fide inhabitant ( ! dwell+ :i* he occupi$1 = at lea/ a consid]able portion ( e ye>4 ,! second class to :i* we w\ld fa9 see ! educational fran*ise ext5d$ are all ^? h\sehold]s ( ! k+dom :o t5ant h\ses ( five p\nds annual r5t & upw>ds1 :o settle ) _! l&lords n (t5] ?an twice e twelvemon?1 & :o are at lea/ a ye> ent]$ on possession4 ,by fix+ ! qualification ?us high1 & reject+ ! mon?ly or weekly r5t-pay]1 ! c\ntry w\ld get rid ( at lea/ n9ete5-tw5tie?s ( ! dang]\s classes1--! agricultural lab\r]s1 :o w&] ab\t f p>i% to p>i%1 "s six or eight mon?s 9 "o locality1 & "s t5 or twelve 9 ano!r2 ! ignorant immigrant ,iri%1 :o t5ant ! poor] hovels ( s _m ( our we/]n coa/ p>i%es2 & la/1 n lea/1 all ! migratory population ( our l>g] t[ns1 :o r>ely reside half a ye> 9 ! same dwell+1 & :o1 ?\gh !y may 9 "s in/ances pay at m ?an ! rate ( ! ye>ly five p\nds1 pay x weekly1 or by ! =tnight or mon?4 ,we regret1 h[ev]1 t !re is a really wor?y class :i* su* a qualification w\ld exclude1--pl\ghm51 lab\r]s1 & c\ntry me*anics1 :o reside p]man5tly 9 humble cottages1 ! prop]ty ( ! own] ( ! soil1 & :o1 ?\gh _! c\rse ?r\gh life lies on ! bleak edge ( pov]ty1 are ,god-fe>+1 wor?y m51 at lea/ morally qualifi$ to give1 9 ! election ( a tea*]1 an hone/ & n un9tellig5t voice4 ,& yet1 hi!rto at lea/1 we h fail$ to see any pr9ciple :i* a ,briti% /atesman w\ld recognise z legitimate1 on :i* ?is class c\ld be includ$ 9 ! educational fran*ise1 & _! dang]\s neighb\rs ( ! same political /atus kept out4 ,!re is yet a ?ird v important class :om we w\ld fa9 see 9 possession ( ! educational fran*ise1--^? h\sehold]s ( ,scotl& :o till ! soil z t5ants1 :e!r ) or )\t leases1 or :e!r ! annual r5t :i* !y pay am\nts to ?ree or to ?ree ?\s& p\nds4 ,! till]s ( ! soil are a fix$ class1 greatly m p]man5t1 ev5 :]e !re exi/s no lease1 ?an ! m]e t5ant h\sehold]s2 & !y include1 especially 9 ! ,highl&s ( ,scotl&1 & ! poor] di/ricts ( ! l[ c\ntry1 a l>ge proportion ( ! c\ntry's p>5tage4 ,!y are 9 ! ma91 too1 an em95tly safe class1 & n less s :]e ! f>ms are small & ! dwell+s ^u !m m]e cottages--to :i*1 save = ! surr\nd+ cr(t or f>m1 no fran*ise c\ld atta*--?an :]e !y live 9 elegant h\ses1 & are ! lessees ( hundr$s ( acres4 ,& su* are ! ?ree great classes to :i*1 z compos+ ! solid body ( ! ,scotti% nation--to ! exclusion ( little m ?an ! m]e rags t hang loosely on its ve/m5ts--w\ld we ext5d1 did we possess ! p[]1 ! educational fran*ise4 ,9 ord]1 h[ev]1 to r5d] a fran*ise ?us lib]ally re/rict$ m safe & salut>y /ill1 we w\ld dem& n only c]ta9 qualifications on ! "p ( ! p>5ts & ratepay]s ( ! c\ntry1 )\t :i* !y c\ld n be p]mitt$ to vote1 b also c]ta9 o!r qualifications on ! "p ( ! c\ntry's s*oolma/]s1 )\t :i* !y c\ld n be vot$ =4 ,we w\ld ?us imp>t to ! s*eme su* a tw(old aspect ( security z t = :i* 9 a purely ecclesia/ical matt] we cont5d$1 :5 we urg$ t none b ,*ur* memb]s %\ld be p]mitt$ to *oose _! own m9i/]s2 & t none b m9i/]s pron\nc$ duly qualifi$ 9 life1 lit]ature1 & doctr9e1 by a compet5t ecclesia/ical c\rt1 %\ld !y be p]mitt$ to *oose4 ,!re ought to exi/ a tea*+ ,faculty z c]ta9ly z !re exi/s a m$ical or legal ,faculty1 or z !re exi/s 9 ! ,*ur* :at is ess5tially a prea*]-lic5s+ ,faculty4 ,! memb]%ip ( a ,*ur* are unfitt$ 9 _! aggregate "* to judge respect+ at lea/ ! lit]ature ( ! "y lic5tiate :om1 9 _! own & _! *ildr5's behalf1 !y call to ! pa/oral *>ge2--! p ( a di/rict1 h[ev] %rewd & solid1 are equally unqualifi$ to det]m9e :e!r ! "y practition] ( m$ic9e or ( law :o settles among !m is compet5tly acqua9t$ ) 8 pr(ession1 & s a fit p]son to be entru/$ ) ! c>e ( _! heal? or ! protection ( _! prop]ty4 ,& h5ce ! necessity :i* exi/s 9 all ^! cases = te/+1 lic5s+1 diploma-giv+ c\rts or bo>ds1 compos$ ( m5 qualifi$ to decide reg>d+ ^? special po9ts ( ability or acquirem5t :i* ! p1 z su*1 _c try = !mselves4 ,9 no case1 h[ev]1 are c\rts ( ?is nature m imp]atively requir$ ?an 9 ! case ( ! s*oolma/]4 ,nei!r ! am\nt ( lit]ature :i* he possesses1 nor yet 8 ma/]y ov] ! mo/ approv$ modes ( communicat+ x1 c be te/$ by ! p1 :o1 z p>5ts & ratepay]s1 possess ! exclusive "r to make *oice ( him = _! p>i% or di/rict s*ool2 & h5ce ! necessity t :at !y _c d = !mselves %\ld be previ\sly done = !m by "s compet5t c\rt or bo>d1 & t no tea*] :o did n possess a lic5ce or diploma %\ld be eligible to at lea/ an end[$ sem9>y support$ by ! public money4 ,)1 ( c\rse1 ! qualifications ( ! m]e adv5ture-tea*]1 :e!r support$ by ,*ur*es or individuals1 we w\ld p]mit no bo>d to int]f]e4 ,z to ! composition ( ! bo>d itself1 t1 we hold1 might be det]m9$ on v simple pr9ciples4 ,let ! ,college-br$ tea*]s ( ,scotl&1 associat$ ) its ,univ]sity pr(essors1 select = !mselves1 out ( _! own numb]1 a dean or *airman1 & a c\rt or committee1 legally qualifi$ by ,act ( ,p>liam5t /r+5tly to try all tea*]s :o may pres5t !mselves be=e !m1 9 ord] to be r5d]$ eligible = a national s*ool1 & to grant !m lic5ces or diplomas1 legally repres5tative ( pr(essional qualification4 ,:e!r a tea*]1 on 8 election by ! p1 might n be a second "t tri$1 especially on behalf ( ! ,/ate & ! ratepay]s1 by a ,gov]nm5t inspector%ip1 & ?us a *eck on ! bo>d be in/itut$1 we are n at pres5t call$ on to det]m9e2 b on ?is we are cle>1 t ! c]tificate ( no ,normal ,s*ool1 9 behalf ( its own pupils1 ought to be receiv$ o!rwise ?an z a m]e makeweight 9 ! g5]al item ( pr(essional "*2 see+ t any su* docum5t w\ld be z mu* a c]tificate ( ! ,normal ,s*ool's own ability 9 re>+ effici5t tea*]s1 z ( ! p$agogical skill ( ! tea*]s :i* x re>$4 ,! vitiat+ elem5t ( self-int]e/ w\ld sc>ce fail to induce1 ultimately at lea/1 a suspici\s habit ( self-recomm5dation4 ,su*1 !n1 9 ?is matt]1 is our full tale ( qualification1 p$agogical & popul>1 ( ! educators ( ! c\ntry on ! "o h&1 & ( ! educational fran*ise-hold]s ( ! c\ntry on ! o!r4 ,& n[ we reque/ ! read] to m>k "o mighty result ( ! arrangem5t1 :i* no o!r yet set 9 opposition to x c\ld possibly produce4 ,!re are 9 ,scotl& ab\t "o ?\s& "o hundr$ national s*ools1 support$ by national res\rces2 &1 ( consequ5ce1 ?\gh fall5 into ! h&s ( a m]e sect1 :i* 9 "s localities does n include a ti! ( ! population1 !y ( "r belong to ! ,scotti% p4 ,& ^! s*ools ( ! p t ext5sion ( ! educational fran*ise :i* we desid]ate w\ld n fail to re/ore to ! p4 ,x w\ld put !m once m 9 possession ( :at 0 _! own prop]ty de facto at ! ,revolution 7= at t p]iod1 :51 ) a few inconsid]able exceptions1 !y 7 all ( "o cre$1 ! m9i/ry ( ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur* virtually repres5t$ !m71 & ( :at has be5 de jure _! prop]ty ev] s9ce4 ,b by ! m9i/ry ( no "o ,*ur* c ! p be repres5t$ n[4 ,! long rule ( ,mod]atism1--! consequ5t =mation ( ! ,secession & ,relief ,*ur*es1--! gr[? ( ,indep5d5cy & ,episcopacy1--& la/1 b n lea/ 9 ! s]ies1 ! ,disruption1 & ! in/antane\s creation ( ! ,free ,*ur*1 h put an end to t /ate ( ?+s = ev]4 ,! "t has 9 ! c\rse ( ,provid5ce fairly come1 :5 ! p mu/ be p]mitt$ 9 ?is matt] to repres5t !mselves2 & !re is "o ?+ sure1--! /ruggle may be protract$1 b ! issue is c]ta94 ,important1 h[ev]1 z are our p>i% s*ools1 & ri* 9 associations s intimately l9k$ to ! intellectual glory ( ! nation1 t1 7 !y b m]e relics ( ! pa/1 ! cu/odi]%ip ( !m might well be mo/ desirable to ! ,scotti% p1 !y repres5t b a small "p ( ! /ake involv$ 9 ! pres5t all-engross+ movem5t4 ,x seeks also to provide f ! c(f]s ( ! ,/ate--on a broad basis ( popul> repres5tation1 & ) ! res]vation ( a "r on ! "p ( ! p to supplem5t :atev] in/ruction ! ,/ate may n or _c supply--t fe>ful educational de/itution ( ! nation :i* is s9k+ its t5s & hundr$s ( ?\s&s into abject paup]ism & b>b>\s ignorance1 & :i* nei!r ,*ur*es nor ,societies c ( !mselves supply4 ,x is ! fir/ hopeful movem5t ( ! age2 = our own ,free ,*ur* educational movem5t1 ?\gh p]haps second 9 po9t ( importance1 only s]ves irrefragably to demon/rate its necessity4 ,x is1 we repeat1 to ! p ( ,scotl&1 & n to any "o ( ! ,*ur*es ( ,scotl&1 t our s*eme ( a widely-bas$ & truly popul> fran*ise w\ld re/ore ! ,scotti% s*ools4 ,mr4 ,george ,combe is1 h[ev]1 q 9 ! "r 9 hold+ t religion is too intimately associat$ ) ! educational "q1 & too decid$ly a =ce 9 ! c\ntry1 to be exclud$ f ! national sem9>ies1 'unless1 inde$1 ,gov]nm5t d some?+ m ?an m]ely omit ! religi\s elem5t4'#g ,all is lo/1 ,mr4 ,combe ju/ly inf]s1 on ! non-religi\s side ( ! "q1 if ! introduction ( ! ,bible & ,%ort] ,cate*ism be n prohibit$ by ,act ( ,p>liam5t2 =1 if n /r+5tly prohibit$1 :at ,p>liam5t m]ely omits do+1 a ,bible & ,cate*ism lov+ p w to a c]ta9ty d2 & ! consci5ce ( ! phr5ologi/ & 8 foll[]s w n fail to be outrag$ by ! spectacle ( ,bible classes 9 ! national s*ools1 & ( ,/ate s*oolma/]s in/ill+ into ! y\?ful m9d1 by means ( ! ,%ort] ,cate*ism1 ! doctr9e ( orig9al s9 & ! "w ( ! ,_s4 ,nay1 m2 z x is n 9 ! p[] ( m]e ,acts ( ! ,legislature to eradicate f ! he>ts ( a p ^? feel+s ( p>tiality1 bas$ on deep religi\s conviction & ! associations ( ages1 ) :i* x is natural to reg>d a co-religioni/1 m especially 9 ! case ( ! tea*] to :om "o's *ildr5 are to read _! daily *apt] & repeat _! weekly tale ( que/ions1 d5om9ation mu/ & w cont9ue to ex]t its p[]ful influ5ce 9 ! election ( national s*oolma/]s popul>ly *os54 ,& z !re are c]ta9 ext5sive di/ricts 9 ,scotl& 9 :i* "s "o ,*ur* is ! /rong]1 & o!r c]ta9 di/ricts 9 :i* "s o!r ,*ur* is ! /rong]1 !re are :ole %ires & prov9ces 9 :i*1 if select$ on ! popul> s*eme1 ! national tea*]s w\ld be f\nd well-nigh all ( "o religi\s d5om9ation4 ,f ,john ,o',groat's to ,beauly1 = in/ance1 !y w\ld be all1 or almo/ all1 ,free ,*ur*m52 = 9 t ext5sive di/rict almo/ all ! p are ,free ,*ur*4 ,9 ! ,scotti% ,highl&s g5]ally1 ne>ly ! same result w\ld be produc$1 f1 ( c\rse1 ! exi/5ce ( a simil> con/itu5cy4 ,9 ,inv]ness1 & onw>ds along ! sea-coa/ to ,ab]de51 ,montrose1 ,/4 ,&rews1 & ! ,fri? ( ,=?1 ! elem5t ( old diss5t w\ld be influ5tially felt3 ! great p>ties among ! p w\ld be ?ree--,e/abli%m5t1 ,free ,*ur*1 & ,volunt>y2 & :i*ev] two ( !m unit$1 w\ld succe$ 9 defeat+ ! ?ird4 ,& su* unions1 no d\bt1 frequ5tly w\ld take place4 ,! ,volunt>ies & ,free ,*ur*m5 w\ld (t5 unite = ! c>ry+ ( a man2 & occasionally1 no d\bt1 ! ,free ,*ur* & ! ,e/abli%m5t1 = ! c>ry+ ( a pr9ciple1--t pr9ciple ( religi\s tea*+ on :i*1 9 ! com+ /ruggle1 ! ,/ate ,*ur* w be necessitat$ to take h] /&4 ,to ! s\? ( ! ,fri? ( ,=? on to ,b]wick1 & along ! we/]n coa/ f ,dumb>ton to ! ,solway1 !re w\ld be localities p>cell$ out into l>ge f>ms1 9 :i* ! ,e/abli%m5t w\ld prevail2 & ( c\rse1 :]ev] x c reckon up a majority ( ! m solid p1 x is b "r & prop] t ! ,e/abli%m5t %\ld prevail2 b :o c d\bt t ev5 9 ^! di/ricts ! national tea*+ w\ld be imm5sely height5$ by a s*eme :i* gave to p>5ts & ratepay]s ! selection ( _! tea*]s1 & re/rict$ _! *oice to intellig5t & qualifi$ m58 ,:]ev] !re is lib]ty1 !re w be discussion & diff]5ce2 & ! election ( a s*oolma/] w\ld n be manag$ q z quietly "u ! anticipat$ /ate ( ?+s1 ) ! :ole p ( a p>i% = 8 con/itu5cy1 z 9 ! pres5t1 by a m9i/] & factor ov] a social glass4 ,b ! objection tak5 by anticipation to popul> heats & cont5d+s 9 su* cases is z old z ! fir/ /irr+s ( a free _s among ! p1 & ! fir/ /ruggles ( despotism to b9d !m d[n4 ,we ourselves h he>d x twice urg$ on ! unpopul> side1--once :5 ! rott5 burghs 7 nodd+ to _! fall1 & once :5 an unre/rict$ patronage 0 imp]ill$ by ! encroa*m5ts ( ! ,veto4 ,!re w1 & mu/ be1 diff]5ce2 & diff]5ce too1 ,scotl& be+ :at x is1 9 :i* ! religi\s elem5t w n fail to m+le2 b n ! less completely on t acc\nt w ! s*eme re/ore ! ,scotti% s*ools to ! ,scotti% p1 z repres5t$ by ! majority1 & to ! memb]%ip ( ! ,free ,*ur*1 9 ! de facto /ati/ical s5se & proportion 9 :i* ! ,free ,*ur* is national4 ,x w n re/ore !m to u 9 ! !oretic s5se2 b !n !re are at lea/ ?ree o!r true orig9al ,*ur*es ( ,scotl&1 :i* 9 t respect w be greatly worse (f ?an ourselves1--! true national ,cam]onian ,*ur*1 ! true national ,episcopalian ,*ur*1 & a true compact little ,*ur* ( ! :ole nation1 t1 9 ! =m ( "o v excell5t m9i/]1 lab\rs 9 ! ea/4 ,mean:ile1 we w\ld fa9 say to our c\ntry folk & read]s ( ! nor? ( ,scotl&3 ,y1 ( all ! ,free ,*ur*m5 ( ! k+dom1 h an especial /ake 9 ?is matt]4 ,exam9e = y\rselves1--tru/ to y\r own good s5se1--ex]cise z ,prote/ants y\r "r ( private judgm5t1--& see :e!r1 z ,*ri/ian m5 & good ,scot*m51 y may n fairly employ ! political influ5ce giv5 y by ,god & y\r c\ntry1 9 possess+ y\rselves ( ! p>i% s*ools4 ,!re w be deep po9ts moot$ 9 ?is controv]sy1 :i* nei!r y nor we w ev] be 9 ! lea/ able to und]/&4 ,y w no d\bt be told ( a !ocratic !ory ( ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t1 p]fectly compatible1 someh[1 ) ! receipt ( educational grants f :i* all recognition ( ! religi\s elem5t on ! "p ( ! ,/ate is1 at ! express reque/ ( ! ,*ur*1 to be ?or\ghly dis*>g$1 b n at all compatible ) ! receipt ( an educational end[m5t ( exactly ! same "*1 f :i* ! same ,/ate recognition ( ! same religi\s elem5t is to be dis*>g$ 9 ! same degree4 ,y w1 we say1 n be able to und]/& ?is4 ,! late ,dr4 ,?omas ,*alm]s & ! late ,rev4 ,mr4 ,/ew>t ( ,crom>ty c\ld n und]/& x2 we "q mu* :e!r ,dr4 ,william ,cunn+ham und]/&s x2 & we are q sure t ,dr4 ,gu?rie & ,dr4 ,begg d n4 ,& y1 :o are poor simple laym51 w nev] be able to und]/& x at all4 ,b y are all able to und]/& t ! p>i% s*ools ( y\r respective di/ricts1 n[ ly+ empty & useless1 belong ( "r to y2 & t x w\ld be a v excell5t ?+ to h t "r re/or$ to y1 bo? on y\r own behalf & on t ( y\r *ildr54 ----- #g ',! six? resolution ( ! ,educational ,manife/o1 9 :i* ! op9ion ( ,dr4 ,*alm]s is quot$1 t ,gov]nm5t %\ld ab/a9 f introduc+ ! elem5t ( religion at all into _! "p ( ! s*eme1 mu/1 z "h introduc$1 be presum$ to mean1 t 9 ! ,act ( ! ,legislature :i* %all c>ry ! views ( ! resolutioni/s into practical effect1 no?+ %all be said ab\t religi\s in/ruction2 b t p[] %all be giv5 to ! heads ( families to manage ! s*ools1 & prescribe ! subjects to be taught1 accord+ to _! own convictions ( :at is s\nd 9 religi\s & useful 9 secul> in/ruction4 ,b ?is w\ld leave ! religi\s rights ( ! m9ority completely unprotect$4 ,gov]nm5t mu/ d some?+ m ?an omit ! religi\s elem5t3 x mu/ limit ! p[] ( ! majority to introduce ?is elem5t into _! s*ools to ! injury ( ! m9ority4'--,lett] ( ,mr4 ,george ,combe on ! ,educational ,movem5t4 ,,*apt] ,,f\r?4 ,objections urg$ by ! ,free ,*ur* ,presbyt]y ( ,glasg[ aga9/ ! ,educational ,movem5t--,equally suit$ to be> aga9/ ! ,s*eme ( ,educational ,grants--,great sup]iority ( ,t]ritorial ov] ,d5om9ational ,end[m5t--,! ,scotti% ,p s\nd z a :ole1 b "s ( ! ,scotti% ,sects v uns\nd--,/ate ( ! ,free ,*ur* ,educational ,s*eme4 ',:]eas attempts are n[ be+ made to re=m ! p>i% s*ools ( ,scotl&1 on ! pr9ciple ( altoge!r exclud+ religion f national recognition z an elem5t 9 ! national sy/em ( education1 & leav+ x solely to private p>ties to det]m9e 9 ea* locality :e!r any or :at religi\s in/ruction w be introduc$ into ! p>o*ial s*ools1--x is humbly ov]tur$ to ! ,v5]able ! ,g5]al ,assembly ( ! ,free ,*ur* ( ,scotl&1 to decl>e t ?is ,*ur* c be no p>ty to any plan ( education bas$ on ! negation ( religion 9 ! g5]al1 or ( ! national fai? 9 p>ticul>1' etc4 ,su* is ! gi/ ( t ',ov]ture on ,education' :i* 0 c>ri$ "s ?ree weeks ago by a majority ( ! ,free ,*ur* ,presbyt]y ( ,glasg[4 ,x has ! m]it ( be+ a cle> enunciation ( mean+2 ( be+ also at lea/ z well fitt$ to express ! views ( ! ,e/abli%$ z ( ! ,free ,*ur* c\rts 9 ,glasg[ & else:]e1 & a great deal bett] suit$ to s]ve z a cloak to _! policy2 &1 fur!r1 by a v slight adaptation1 x c\ld be made to be> z directly aga9/ ,/ate grants giv5 = educational purposes1 if dissociat$ f ! religi\s c]tificate1 z aga9/ ,/ate end[m5ts giv5 = ! same purpose1 :5 dissociat$ f /atutory religi\s requirem5t4 ,x is ! religi\s c]tificate--mo/ anomal\sly dem&$ ( d5om9ations diametrically oppos$ to ea* o!r 9 _! beliefs1 & subv]sive ( ea* o!r 9 _! tea*+s--t con/itutes 9 ! affair ( educational grants ! recognition ( religion on ! "p ( ! ,/ate4 ,educational grants dissociat$ f ! religi\s c]tificate are educational grants dissociat$ f ! ,/ate recognition ( religion4 ,! fact t ! c]tificates dem&$ %\ld be ( s anomal\s a "*1 is simply a reflection ( ! all-important fact t ! ,briti% p are brok5 up into antagoni/ic ,*ur*es & ho/ile d5om9ations1 & t ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t is repres5tative4 ,& t m5 su* z ^? memb]s & (fice-be>]s ( our ,*ur* :o hold ! middle position betwe5 t occupi$ by ,mr4 ,gibson ( ,glasg[ on ! "o h&1 & ,dr4 ,begg ( ,ed9burgh on ! o!r1 %\ld see no o!r way ( avail+ !mselves ( ! educational grants1 ) a good consci5ce1 ?an by gett+ rid ( ! religi\s recognition1 only s]ves to %[ t !y are q z s5sible z _! oppon5ts 9 ! lib]al section ( ! enorm\s difficulty ( ! case1 & c be?9k !mselves ( no bett] mode ( unlock+ x4 ,= x w n be cont5d$1 t if 9 ! matt] ( grants !re is to be no recognition ( religion on ! "p ( ! ,/ate1 ! want ( x c\ld be m adequately suppli$ by sects1 z su*1 d5om9ationally divid$1 ?an by ! p ( ,scotl&1 z su*1 t]ritorially divid$2 see+ t sects1 z su*1 include ,papi/s1 ,puseyites1 ,soc9ians1 & ,sec$]s1--,muggletonians1 ,juggletonians1 ,new ,j]usalemites1 & ,unit$ ,presbyt]ians1--,free-?9k+ ,*ri/ians1 ,free-,will]s1 & ,free ,*ur*m54 ,nor c we see ei!r ! wisdom or ! advantage ( any s*eme ( ,gov]nm5t inquiry into ! educational de/itution ( a locality1 t1 in/ead ( supply+ ! want :i* x f\nd1 w\ld m]ely plac>d ! place by a sort ( feu+ ticket--de/9$1 we are afraid1 9 _m in/ances to be sadly wea!r-blea*$--:i* w\ld intimate to ! sects 9 g5]al1 t 7 any "o ( !m to come =w>d & enact ! "p ( s*ool-build] & p$agogue1 ! ,/ate w\ld und]take = a portion ( ! exp5ses4 ,we suppose ! adv]tisem5t on ! ticket w\ld run some:at z foll[s3--',,want$ ,,by ,,! ,,gov]nm5t1 ,a ,,*ur* ,,to ,,erect ,a ,,s*ool4 ,,t]ms ,,lib]al1 ,,& ,,no ,,c]tificate ,,( ,,religi\s ,,tea*+ ,,dem&$4 ,n4,b4--,,papi/s1 ,,puseyites1 ,,& ,,soc9ians ,,p]fectly ,,eligible4'#h ,leav+1 h[ev]1 to pr(\nd] intellects ?an our own ! adju/m5t ( ! nice pr9ciples involv$ 9 ?is matt]1 let u adv]t to :at we deem ! practical advantages ( a t]ritorial s*eme ( educational end[m5ts ov] a d5om9ational s*eme ( educational grants4 ,at pres5t1 all or any ( ! sects may come =w>d z su*1 :atev] _! "* or tea*+1 &1 on fulfill+ c]ta9 conditions1 receive assi/ance f ! ,gov]nm5t 9 ! =m ( an educational grant2 :]eas1 by ! s*eme :i* we w\ld fa9 see set 9 its place1 x w\ld be only ! m solid p ( di/ricts--let u suppose p>i%es--t w\ld be qualifi$ to come =w>d to *oose = !mselves _! p>o*ial ,/ate-end[$ tea*]s4 ,& at lea/ "o ( ! advantages ( ?is s*eme ov] ! o!r mu/ be surely obvi\s & pla94 ,d5om9ationally1 !re is mu* uns\ndness 9 ,scotl&2 t]ritorially1 !re is v little4 ,!re exi/1 unhappily1 diff]5ces among our ,scotti% ,presbyt]ians2 b n ! less on t acc\nt has ,presbyt]ianism1 9 its ?ree great divisions--,volunt>y1 ,e/abli%m5t1 & ,free ,*ur*--possess$ itself ( ! l& 9 all its l5g? & bread?4 ,! only o!r =m ( religion t has a t]ritorial exi/5ce 9 ,scotl& at all is ,pop]y1 & ,pop]y holds m]ely a few d>k5$ di/ricts ( ! out] ,hebrides & ( ! ,highl&s4 ,x w\ld fail1 out ( ! "o ?\s& "o hundr$ p>i% s*ools ( ! c\ntry1 to c>ry half-a-doz52 & no o!r =m ( religi\s error w\ld succe$ 9 c>ry+ s mu* z "o p>i% s*ool4 ,!re is no ,soc9ian di/rict 9 ,scotl&2 old ,scot* ,episcopacy has n its s+le p>i%2 & high ,puseyism has n its half1 or qu>t]1 or ev5 ti! ( a p>i%4 ,t ,*ur* ( ,scotl& :i* ,knox f\nd$1 ) its (f%oots ! ,secession & ,relief bodies1 has n lab\r$ 9 va92 & ?r\gh ! bless+ ( ,god on ^! lab\rs1 ,scotl&1 z repres5t$ by its t]ritorial majorities1 is by f> ! s\nde/ & mo/ or?odox c\ntry 9 ! _w4 ,a wise & patriotic man--at once a good ,scot & a judici\s ,*ur*man--w\ld1 we ?9k1 hesitate long ere he flung away s solid an advantage1 won to u by ! lab\rs1 ! cont5d+s1 ! suff]+s ( re=m]s1 confessors1 m>tyrs1 & m9i/]s ( ! tru?1 f ! days ( ,melville & ( ,h5d]son1 d[n to ^? ( ! ,ersk9es & ( ,*alm]s4 ,he w\ld at lea/ n fail to ask himself :e!r t to :i* :at 0 s unequivocally sub/ance 0 to be sacrific$1 0 9 itself sub/ance or %ad[4 ,let u next rem>k1 t ! ,scotti% national s*ools1 :ile !y ?us c\ld n fail to be ess5tially s\nd on ! t]ritorial s*eme--j because ,scotl& is itself ess5tially s\nd z a nation--might1 & w\ld 9 v _m in/ances1 be ess5tially uns\nd on a d5om9ational "o4 ,!re is no =m ( religi\s error :i* may n1 9 ! pres5t /ate ( ?+s1 h1 z we h said1 its s*ools support$ 9 "p by a ,gov]nm5t grant1 & :i* may n h its pupil-tea*]s tra9$ up to dissem9ate deadly error at ! public exp5se among ! y\?head ( ! future4 ,ed9burgh1 = in/ance1 has its "o ,popi% /reet--! ,c[gate2 b x has no ,popi% p>i%3 x has got v little ,pop]y 9 ,george ,squ>e & its neighb\rhood1--v little at ! ,bri/o ,port1--v little 9 ,br\ghton ,/reet2 & yet 9 all ^! localities1 t]ritorially ,prote/ant1 ,papi/s h got _! religion-tea*+ s*ools1 9 :i* pupil-tea*]s1 paid by ! ,/ate1 are 9 ! c\rse ( be+ duly qualifi$ = c>ry+ on ! "w ( p]v]sion & proselytism4 ,/4 ,patrick's s*ool1 9 :i*1 z our read]s 7 s lately %[n1 boys may sp5d f\r ye>s )\t acquir+ ev5 ! simple accompli%m5t ( read+1 has no few] ?an five ( ^! embryo p]v]t]s support$ by ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,puseyism has1 9 ! same way1 no t]ritorial /&+ on ! nor!rn %ores ( ! ,fri? ( ,=?2 & yet at lea/ "o ,free ,*ur* m9i/]1 locat$ 9 "o ( ! t[ns :i* /ud t coa/1 c\ld tell ( a well-equipp$ ,puseyite s*ool 9 8 imm$iate neighb\rhood1 support$ 9 "p by ! ,gov]nm5t grant1 t1 by ! sup]iority ( ! secul> education :i* x supplies1 is draw+ away ,presbyt]ian1 nay1 ev5 ,free ,*ur* *ildr51 f ! o!r s*ools ( ! locality4 ,on ! t]ritorial pr9ciple1 we repeat1 s*ools su* z ^!1 :i* re/ on ! d5om9ational basis alone1 c\ld n possibly receive ! support & c\nt5ance ( ! ,legislature4 ,& let ! read] rem>k1 t %\ld ! ,free ,*ur* succe$ 9 gett+ rid ( ! anomal\s religi\s c]tificate1 & yet cont9ue to hold by ! d5om9ational basis1 some?+ worse ?an m]e d5om9ation w\ld sc>ce fail to /ep 94 ,! ,combeite might !n freely come =w>d to tea* at ! public exp5se1 t no o!r s\l ( man has yet be5 asc]ta9$ to exi/ ?an ! human bra91 & no o!r sup]9t5d+ ,provid5ce ?an ! bl9d laws ( ins5sate matt]4 ,nay1 ev5 ,socialism1 j a little disguis$1 might beg9 to build & tea* = ! b5efit ( ! "y1 secure ( be+ back$ & assi/$ 9 its "w by ! civil magi/rate4 ,fur!r1 %\ld ! grant s*eme be r5d]$ m flexible1 i4e4 ext5d$ to a l[] grade ( qualification1 & ?us ! public purse be appli$ to ! ma9t5ance & p]petuation ( a h$ge-s*ool sy/em ( education1--or %\ld x be r5d]$ m lib]al1 i4e4 %\ld ! ,gov]nm5t be induc$ to d proportionally m1 & ! s*ool-build]s be requir$ to d proportionally less1--sup]/ition & infidelity w\ld1 9 ! c>ry+ out ( _! s*emes ( p]v]sion1 h1 9 consequ5ce1 j all ! less to sacrifice & to acquire4 ,accord+ to ! pres5t arrangem5t1 a s*oolma/] mu/ realize1 f sal>y & fees unit$1 ! sum ( =ty-five annual p\nds1 & be1 besides1 furni%$ ) a free h\se1 ere he c receive f ! ,gov]nm5t a grant on its l[e/ scale1 viz4 fifte5 p\nds2#i & :atev] judgm5t may be =m$ ( ! proportion 9 :i* ! ,/ate contributes1 !re c be no "q t ! g5]al arrangem5t is a wise "o4 ,s]moniz+ dom9ies c\ld be _h1 no d\bt1 at any price2 & !re c be z little d\bt t1 at any price1 w\ld ! great bulk ( !m turn out to be 'doons h>d b>ga9s2' b x is :olly impossible t a c\ntry %\ld h respectable & effici5t tea*]s "u f sixty to eighty p\nds a ye>4 ,! ?+1 we repeat1 is :olly impossible2 & ! ,/ate1 9 act+1 z 9 ?is arrangem5t1 on ! conviction1 does b its duty to its p4 ,! "s sixty or sev5ty p\nds1 h[ev]1 w\ld be z c]ta9ly realiz$ z "u ! pres5t arrangem5t1 7 x ,gov]nm5t t contribut$ ! =ty-five p\nds1 & ! d5om9ation or society ! fifte5 & ! free h\se2 & ?is1 ( c\rse1 w\ld be em95tly lib]al4 ,b :at w\ld be ! effects ( s happy a *ange8 ,x might 9 "s degree relieve ! ,free ,*ur* ,s*eme f f9ancial difficulty2 b w\ld x d no?+ m8 ,!re are ,puseyite ladies 9 ,scotl&1 high 9 rank & influ5ce1 & possess$ ( mu* weal? & great zeal1 :o are already build+ _! s*ools1 9 ! hope ( unprote/antiz+ _! poor laps$ c\ntry1 spiritually ru9$ by ! ,re=mation4 ,! lib]ality t might 9 "p enable ! ,free ,*ur* ,education ,committee to dis*>ge its obligations at ! rate ( tw5ty %ill+s p] p\nd1 w\ld be a wond]ful gods5d to !m2 see+ t !y w\ld h little else to d1 "u a s*eme s lib]al1 ?an simply to erect s*oolh\ses on ! widespread doma9s ( _! husb&s or fa!rs1 & imm$iately comm5ce p]v]t+ ! *ildr5 ( ! nation at ! national co/4 ,x w\ld be no less advantage\s to ! ,society ( ! ,propag&a1 & w\ld enable x to sp>e its own purse1 by op5+ to x t ( ! p4 ,! ,soc9ian1 ! ,combeite1 ! semi-,sociali/--none ( !m v mu* dispos$ to lib]ality !mselves--w\ld all %>e 9 t ( ! ,gov]nm5t2 & _! zeal1 no long] ti$ d[n to inactivity by ! dread ( pecuni>y sacrifice or obligation1 w\ld f9d w+s & come abroad4 ,surely1 ) su* consequ5ces 9 prospect1 our ,free ,*ur* read]s w\ld d well to pond] ! nature & dem&s ( ! crisis at :i* !y h n[ arriv$4 ,our c\ntry & our ,*ur* h 9 reality b "o set ( int]e/s2 & a man _c be a bad ,scot )\t be+ a bad ,free ,*ur*man too4 ,let !m decide 9 ?is matt]1 n "u ! guidance ( an oblique eye1 squ9t$ on little tempor>y difficulties or hypo!tical d5om9ational advantages1 b influ5c$ by consid]ations ( ! p]man5t welf>e ( _! c\ntry1 & ( _! abid+ obligations to _! ,god4 ,b :y1 x may be ask$ ( ! writ]1 if y be ?us s5sible ( ! imm5se sup]iority ( a t]ritorial s*eme ( educational end[m5ts ov] a d5om9ational s*eme ( educational grants1--:y did y y\rself urge1 "s ?ree ye>s ago1 t ! ,free ,*ur* %\ld avail h]self ( ^! v grants8 ,our reply is suffici5tly simple4 ,! d5om9ational s*eme ( grants 0 ! only s*eme be=e u at ! "t2 ^! grants 71 we saw1 9 dang] ( be+ reject$ by ! ,free ,*ur* on :at we deem$ an uns\nd & p]il\s pr9ciple1 :i* 0 9 itself 9 no degree ,free ,*ur*2 & la/1 n lea/1 we saw fur!r1 t if ! ,*ur* did n avail h]self ( ^! grants1 !re await$ on h] ,educational ,s*eme--om9\sly devoid ( t direct div9e m&ate :i* all h] o!r s*emes possess$--inevitable & disa/r\s bankruptcy4 ,b circum/ances h greatly *ang$4 ,! ,free ,*ur* is no long] 9 any dang] f ! pr9ciple :i* w\ld h reject$ ,gov]nm5t assi/ance4 ,!re is n[ a t]ritorial s*eme br\ght full be=e ! view ( ! c\ntry2 &1 fur!r1 ! ,gov]nm5t grants h :olly fail$ to pres]ve our ,educational ,s*eme f ! /ate ( extreme pecuni>y emb>rassm5t :i* we too surely anticipat$4 ,sal>ies ( #ae & #bj p] annum are greatly less ?an adequate = ! support & remun]ation ( ev5 ! l[] ord] ( tea*]s1 especially 9 ?9ly-peopl$ di/ricts ( c\ntry1 :]e pupils are few & ! fees inconsid]able4 ,b at ^! l[ rates x 0 det]m9$1 9 ! programme ( ! ,free ,*ur* ,educational ,s*eme1 t ab\t ?ree-f\r?s ( ! ,*ur*'s tea*]s %\ld be paid2 & !re are scores & hundr$s among !m :o regulat$ _! exp5diture on ! arrangem5t4 ,= at lea/ ! la/ two ye>s1 h[ev]1 ! ,education ,committee has be5 pay+ its #ae sal>ies at ! r$uc$ rate ( #aj1 & its #bj sal>ies at ! rate ( #ac1 #acs4 #d;d42 & ^? emb>rassm5ts1 ( :i* ! r$uction 0 a consequ5ce1 h borne ) di/ressful effect on ! ,committee's employs4 ,h[ev] or?odox _! cre$1 _! circum/ances h 9 _m in/ances become ,ant9omian2 nor1 :ile tea*+ religion to o!rs1 h !y be5 able 9 e in/ance to con=m to "o ( its simple/ dem&s--',owe no man any?+4' ,!re 7 sev]al important items1 let u rem>k1 9 :i* we ov]-e/imat$ ! am\nt ( assi/ance :i* ! ,s*eme 0 to receive f ! ,gov]nm5t2 & ?is ma9ly f our look+ at ! matt] 9 ! gross1 z a "q ( proportion--s mu* grant$ = s mu* rais$--)\t tak+ into acc\nt c]ta9 conditions dem&$ by ! ,m9utes ( ,c\ncil on ! "o h&1 & a c]ta9 c\rse ( managem5t adopt$ on ! "p ( our ,education ,committee on ! o!r4 ,! grant is giv5 9 proportion to sal>y ( "o to two 7we at pres5t set aside ! elem5t ( fees73 a sal>y ( ?irty p\nds is supplem5t$ by a grant ( fifte5 p\nds1--a sal>y ( =ty p\nds by a grant ( tw5ty1--a sal>y ( fifty by a grant ( tw5ty-five1--& s on2 & we 7 sangu9e en\gh to calculate1 t an aggregate sum ( "s t5 or twelve ?\s& p\nds rais$ by ! ,*ur* = sal>ies1 w\ld be supplem5t$ by an aggregation ( grants f ! ,gov]nm5t to ! am\nt ( "s five or six ?\s& p\nds m4 ,! m9imum sum reg>d$ z ess5tially necess>y = c>ry+ on ! ,free ,*ur* ,educational ,s*eme _h be5 e/imat$ at tw5ty ?\s& p\nds4 ,if ! ,free ,*ur* raise b twelve ?\s& ( ^!1 we said1 ,gov]nm5t w give h] six ?\s& additional 9 ! =m ( grants1 & "s two ?\s& additional1 or s1 = ! tra9+ ( h] pupil-tea*]s2 & ! ,*ur* w ?us be enabl$ to realize h] m9imum e/imate4 ,we did n take ! fact into acc\nt1 t ( our ,free ,*ur* tea*]s a prepond]at+ majority %\ld fail successfully to compete = ! ,gov]nm5t money2 nor yet t ! educational funds %\ld be s brok5 up into driblet sal>ies1 atta*$ to s*ools 9 :i* ! fees 7 poor & ! pupils few1 t ! s*oolma/]1 ev5 ?\gh possess$ ( ! necess>y lit]>y qualification1 w\ld 9 _m cases be "s tw5ty1 or ev5 ?irty1 p\nds %ort ( ! necess>y money qualification1 i4e4 ! ess5tial =ty-five annual p\nds4 ,we did n1 we say1 take ^! circum/ances into acc\nt1--inde$1 x 0 sc>ce possible t we c\ld h done s2 & s we imm5sely ov]-e/imat$ ! efficacy ( ! ,/ate grant 9 ma9ta9+ ! solv5cy ( our ,educational ,s*eme4 ,we le>n f ,dr4 ,reid's rec5t ,report to our metropolitan *ur* c\rt1 t ( ! =ty-two ,free ,*ur* tea*]s connect$ ) ! ,presbyt]y ( ,ed9burgh1 & 9 receipt ( sal>ies f ! ,education ,committee1 only ?irte5 h be5 successful 9 obta9+ ,gov]nm5t c]tificates ( m]it4 ,& ev5 ?is is a r high av]age1 comp>$ ) t ( ! o!r di/ricts2 = we h asc]ta9$1 t ( ! six hundr$ & eighty-n9e tea*]s ( ! ,free ,*ur* scatt]$ ov] ! k+dom1 n m ?an a hundr$ & tw5ty-n9e h receiv$ ! ,gov]nm5t grant4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 among ! o!rs1 tea*]s :o h fail$ to atta9 to x1 n f any want ( ! lit]>y qualification--= "s ( !m actually possess ! p>*m5t c]tificate be>+ ! signature ( ,lansd[ne--b simply because !y are un=tunate en\gh to lack ! pecuni>y "o4 ,t :i* we s mu* dread$ has come1 we repeat1 ^u our ,educational ,s*eme4 ,! subject is a pa9fully delicate "o1 & we h long kept alo( f x2 b tru?1 & tru? only1 c n[ enable ! ,free ,*ur* & h] p to act1 9 ?is em]g5cy1 z becomes ! "* :i* !y be>1 & ! circum/ances 9 :i* !y are plac$4 ,let u n fall into ! delusion ( deem+ ! m]e array ( our ,free ,*ur* s*ools & tea*]s--_! numb]s & =midable l5g? ( l9e--any matt] ( congratulation2 nor =get1 9 our future calculations1 t if ! ,free ,*ur* n[ realizes f #aj1jjj to #ab1jjj ye>ly = educational purposes1 %e w\ld require to realize "s #ejjj or #fjjj m 9 ord] to qualify h] to meet h] exi/+ liabilities1 e/imat$ at ! v mod]ate rates laid d[n 9 ! programme4 ,! #ejjj or #fjjj additional1 in/ead ( enabl+ h] to erect a s+le additional s*ool1 w\ld only enable h] to pay 9 full h] tea*]s' sal>ies4 ,& s x is obvi\sly a delusion to hold t our ,free ,*ur* ,educational ,s*eme supplies 9 reality two-?irds ( our congregations ) tea*]s1 see+ t ^! tea*]s are only two-?irds paid4 ,we are /ill "s #ejjj or #fjjj %ort ( supply+ ! two-?irds1 & "s #fjjj or #gjjj m ( supply+ ! :ole4 ,& ev5 7 ! :ole ( our own memb]%ip to be suppli$1 ! gr& qu]y1 ,h[ is our c\ntry to be educat$1--our p>i% s*ools to be re/or$ to usefulness & ! ,scot* p1--& ,scotl& h]self to resume & ma9ta9 h] old place among ! nations8--w\ld come back ^u u z emphatically z n[4 ,judg+ f :at has be5 already done1 & ?is aft] e n]ve has be5 /ra9$ 9 ! ,sisyphisian "w ( roll+ up-hill an ev]-return+ /one1 x seems :olly impossible t we %\ld ev] succe$ 9 educat+ ! "y ( ev5 our own congregations2 & h[1 !n1 save on "s great national s*eme1 is a s9k+ nation to be educat$8 ----- #h ,! foll[+ portion ( a motion on ! educational "q1 ann\nc$ 9 ! ,ed9burgh ,presbyt]y ( ! ,free ,*ur* on ! #f? ( ,febru>y la/1 is specially ref]r$ to 9 ?is p>agraph3-- ',t ! successful work+ ( ! pres5t ,gov]nm5t plan w\ld be greatly promot$ by ! foll[+ am5dm5ts3-- '#a/1 ,! entire omission 9 all cases 7except1 p]haps1 ! case ( ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur*7 ( ! c]tificate reg>d+ religi\s in/ruction1 & ! recognition ( all bodies1 :e!r ,*ur*es or private p>ties & associations1 z equally entitl$ to receive aid4 '#b;d1 ,! adoption ( a rule 9 proportion+ ,gov]nm5t grants to local ef=ts m flexible1 & admitt+ ( f> m lib]al aid 9 de/itute localities1 z comp>$ ) ^? :i* are 9 a bett] condition4 '#c;d1 ,! in/itution1 on ! "p ( ,gov]nm5t1 ( an inquiry into ! de/itution confess$ly exi/+ 9 l>ge t[ns1 popul\s neighb\rhoods1 & remote di/ricts1 ) a view ( m>k+ out places :]e elem5t>y s*ools are p>ticul>ly ne$$2 & ! hold+ out ( special enc\ragem5t to :atev] p>ties may come =w>d z will+ to plant su* s*ools4 ',t ! prec$+ sugge/ions1 if adopt$1 w\ld g f> to r5d] ! pres5t ,gov]nm5t plan unobjectionable 9 pr9ciple1 & also to fit x 9 practice = asc]ta9+ ! educational wants ( ! c\ntry2 b t a mu* m lib]al exp5diture ( ! public money w\ld seem to be indisp5sable1 z well z a less /r+5t application1 ^u adequate cause %[n1 ( ! rules by :i* ! exp5diture is regulat$4' ,9 br++ ! motion =w>d 9 ! foll[+ meet+ ( ,presbyt]y1 ! clause recomm5d+ ! 'entire omission 9 all cases ( ! c]tificate reg>d+ religi\s in/ruction' 0 suff]$ to drop4 #i ,su* are ! proportions laid d[n 9 ! (ficial docum5t = ,scotl& ( ! ,committee ( ,h] ,maje/y's ,privy ,c\ncil on ,education4 ,we und]/&1 h[ev]1 t ! ,gov]nm5t inspectors possess c]ta9 modify+ p[]s1 ?r\gh :i* ! ,gov]nm5t grant is occasionally ext5d$ to des]v+ tea*]s ^: sal>y & fees unit$ fall consid]ably %ort ( ! specifi$ sum ( =ty-five p\nds4 ,,*apt] ,,fif?4 ,unskill$ ,lab\r]s remun]at$ at a high] rate ?an _m ( our ,free ,*ur* ,tea*]s--,! ,tea*+ mu/ be inf]ior if ! ,remun]ation be l[--,effect ( inf]ior ,tea*+ on ! p>ties taught--,/atutory ,security2 :]e are ! p>ties to cont5d = x8--,necessity ( a ,gov]nm5t ,inquiry--',o = an h\r ( ,knox6' ,t high] ord] ( f>m-s]vants :i* are kn[n te*nically 9 ,mid-,lo?ian z 's[]s & /ack]s1' receive1 z _! ye>ly wages1 9 ! imm$iate neighb\rhood ( ! h\se ( ! writ]1 eighte5 p\nds 9 money1 f\r bolls oatmeal1 two c>t-loads ( potatoes1 & ab\t f tw5ty to ?irty %ill+s wor? ( milk4 ,! money value ( ! :ole am\nts1 at ! pres5t "t1 to some?+ betwe5 tw5ty-?ree & tw5ty-f\r p\nds /]l+4 ,we are in=m$ by a ,fife%ire proprietor1 t 9 8 "p ( ! c\ntry1 a sup]ior f>m-s]vant1 nei!r grieve nor =eman1 receives eight p\nds 9 money1 six & a half bolls meal1 ?ree c>t-loads ( potatoes1 & ! use ( a c[1 g5]ally e/imat$ z wor? f t5 to twelve p\nds annually4 ,8 aggregate wages1 !re=e1 av]age f ab\t tw5ty-f\r to tw5ty-six p\nds t5 %ill+s a ye>4 ,& we are told by ano!r proprietor ( ! s\? ( ,scotl&1 t ea* ( ! bett] h9ds 9 8 employm5t co/s him e ye> ab\t ?irty p\nds4 ,9 f9e1 to ! s\? ( ! ,grampians1 ! emolum5ts ( our m effici5t class ( f>m-s]vants range f tw5ty-?ree to ?irty p\nds ye>ly4 ,we ne$ n ref] to ! wages ( railway navvies1 nor yet to ^? ( ! sup]ior classes ( me*anics1 su* z pr9t]s1 masons1 jewell]s1 typef\nd]s1 etc4 ,!re is n a pr9t] 9 ! ,witness (fice :o w\ld be p]mitt$ by ! rules ( 8 pr(ession1 to make an arrangem5t ) 8 employ]s1 7 he to ex*ange piece-"w = wages1 t did n secure to him tw5ty-five %ill+s p] week4 ,to expect t a c\ntry or ,*ur* c possibly h effici5t s*oolma/]s at a l[] rate ( emolum5t ?an n only skill$ me*anics1 b ?an ev5 unskill$ railway lab\r]s1 or ! '/ack]s & s[]s' ( our l>ge f>ms1 is s palpably a delusion1 t simply to "n x is to expose x4 ,& yet ( our ,free ,*ur* s*oolma/]s1 especially 9 ?9ly-peopl$ rural di/ricts & ! ,highl&s1 !re are scores remun]at$ at a l[] rate ?an lab\r]s & f>m-s]vants1 & hundr$s at a rate at lea/ z l[2 & if we except ! =tunate hundr$ & tw5ty-n9e :o receive ! ,gov]nm5t grant1 few inde$ ( ! o!rs rise to ! level ( ! skill$ me*anic4 ,greatly m ?an two-?irds ( our tea*]s 7 plac$ orig9ally on ! #ae & #bj scale ( sal>ies3 ^! are n[ paid ) #aj & #ac1 #acs4 #d;d4 respectively4 ,!re are _m localities 9 :i* ^! pittances are n m ?an d\bl$ by ! fees1 & "s localities 9 :i* !y are ev5 less ?an d\bl$2 & s a prepond]at+ majority ( ! s*oolma/]s ( ! ,free ,*ur* are mis]ably poor m53 = :at might be a compet5cy to a lab\r] or h9d1 mu/ be utt] pov]ty to !m4 ,& n a few ( _! numb] are di/ressfully emb>rass$ & 9 debt4 ,n[ ?is w nev] d4 ,! ,*ur* may make h]self v sure1 t = h] #aj or #ac %e w receive ultimately only ! wor? ( #aj or #ac4 ,%e may get w9dfalls ( s+le tea*]s = a few mon?s or ye>s3 sup]ior "y m5 may occasionally make a brief /ay 9 h] s*ools1 9 ! c\rse ( _! progress to some?+ bett]1--z ,pilgrim re/$ = a :ile 9 ! half-way recess holl[$ 9 ! side ( ! ,hill ,difficulty2 b only v m$iocre m51 devoid ( en]gy en\gh ( body or m9d to make good masons or c>p5t]s1 w /ick fa/ 9 !m4 ,we h le>n$ t1 9 "o nor!rn locality1 no few] ?an eight ,free ,*ur* tea*]s h s9ce ,m>t9mas la/ ei!r t5d]$ _! resignations1 or are on ! eve ( do+ s4 ,^!1 x w be f\nd1 are sup]ior m51 :o rationally aspire to some?+ bett] ?an m]e pl\ghman's wages2 b !re w ( c\rse be no resignations t5d]$ by ! class :o1 9 ev5 ! l[e/ dep?s ( ! ,s*eme1 h f\nd b _! prop] level4 ,^!1 z ! m active spirits fly (f1 w fl[ 9 & fill up _! places1 till1 :]ev] ! #aj & #ac sal>ies prevail1--& 9 :at rural di/rict d !y n prevail8--! g5]al p$agogical acquirem5ts ( our tea*]s w pres5t a surface z flat1 dull1 & unpr(itable z dit*-wat]4 ,= :at1 we aga9 ask1 c be expect$ = #aj or #ac8 ,& let ! read] b m>k ! effect ( su* tea*+4 ,we h se5 plac$ side by side1 9 ! same burgh t[n1 an ,engli% s*ool1 9 :i* :at are deem$ ! bran*es suitable = me*anics & _! *ildr51 su* z read+1 writ+1 & ari?metic1 7 en]getically taught1 & a gramm> s*ool 9 :i* a univ]sity-br$ s*oolma/] lab\r$1 ) really n mu* en]gy1 especially 9 ^? l[] dep>tm5ts 9 :i* 8 rival excell$1 b :o 0 fitt$ to prep>e 8 pupils = college1 & n devoid ( ! classical en?usiasm4 ,& x /ruck u z a significant & in/ructive fact1 t :ile ! good ,engli% s*ool1 ?\gh x turn$ out sm>t read]s & clev] ari?meticians1 fail$ to elevate a s+le man f ! l[] to ! middle or high] walks ( life1 ! gramm> s*ool 0 successful 9 elevat+ a great _m4 ,! pr9ciple on :i* su* a diff]5ce ( result %\ld h be5 obta9$ is s obvi\s1 t x c sc>ce be necess>y to po9t x out4 ,! tea*+ ( ! "o s*ool 0 a n>r[ lane1 trim1 'tis true1 & well kept1 b :i* l$ to only work%ops1 brick-kilns1 & qu>ries2 :]eas t ( ! o!r 0 a broad1 p>tially-neglect$ av5ue1 :i* op5$ into ! great pr(essional highways1 t lead ev]y:]e4 ,& if ! diff]5ce 0 "o :i* c\ld n be obviat$ by all ! en]gy ( a sup]ior & well-paid ,engli% tea*]1 h[1 we ask1 is x to be obviat$ by our ,free ,*ur* #aj & #ac tea*]s8 ,surely our ,*ur* w\ld d well to pond] :e!r x c be ei!r h] int]e/ or h] duty to urge on any s*eme1 9 opposition to a national "o1 :i* w\ld h all too palpably ! effect ( degrad+ h] poor] memb]%ip1 s f> z !y avail$ !mselves ( x1 into ! ,gibeonites ( ! community--its hew]s ( wood & draw]s ( wat]4 ,nev] w ,scotl& possess an educational s*eme truly national1 & ei!r wor?y ( h] anci5t fame or adequate to ! dem&s & em]g5cies ( an age l ! pres5t1 until at lea/ e p>i% %all possess among its o!r tea*]s its "o univ]sity-br$ s*oolma/]1 popul>ly *os51 & well paid1 & suit$ to assi/ 9 transplant+ to ! high] places ( society ^? select & vigor\s scions t f "t to "t spr+ up f ! /ock ( ! commonalty4 ,! wak+ dream ( runn+ d[n ! ignorance & mis]y ( a s9k+ c\ntry by an array ( />vel+ tea*]s 9 ! tra9 ( any "o d5om9ation--itself1 mayhap1 suffici5tly att5uat$ by ! dem&s ( purely ecclesia/ical objects--mu/ be lik5$ to t o!r wak+ dream ( ! belat$ ,g]man peasant1 :o sees f "s deep glade ( 8 native =e/s a spectral hunt sweep ?r\gh ! cl\ds1--skeleton /ags pursu$ by skeleton huntsm51 m\nt$ on skeleton horses1 & surr\nd$ by skeleton beagles2 & :o he>s1 z ! wild pageant rec$es into ! d>kness1 ! holl[ tantivy & ! spectral horns e*o+ l\d & wildly ?r\gh ! angry heav5s4 ,x is ( p>am\nt importance t ! ,free ,*ur* %\ld 9 ! pres5t crisis take up h] position wisely4 ,we h he>d ( invad]s ( desp]ate c\rage1 :o1 on l&+ ^u "s %ore on :i* !y _h det]m9$ ei!r to conqu] or to p]i%1 set fire to _! %ips1 & ?us %ut out ! possibility ( retreat4 ,n[ ! ,free ,*ur*--:e!r %e l& h]self into an agitation = a s*eme ( ,gov]nm5t grants r5d]$ m lib]al & flexible ?an n[1 & dissociat$ f ! religi\s c]tificate1 or :e!r %e plant h] foot on a s*eme ( national education bas$ on a /atutory recognition ( ! p$agogical tea*+ ( religion--is c]ta9ly 9 no condition to burn h] %ips4 ,let h] n ra%ly commit h]self aga9/ a ?ird s*eme1 ess5tially "o 9 pr9ciple ) t :i* ! sagaci\s ,*alm]s c\ld reg>d1 aft] long & pr(\nd reflection1 z ! only "o truly eligible 9 ! circum/ances ( ! c\ntry1 & :i* %e h]self1 "s two or ?ree ye>s h5ce1 may be compell$ to reg>d 9 a simil> light4 ,! educational agitation is n to be settl$ 9 ! c\rse ( a few brief mon?s2 nor yet by ! votes ( ,presbyt]ies1 ,synods1 or ,g5]al ,assemblies1 :e!r !y belong to ! ,free or to ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur*es4 ,x rises direct out ( ! great social "q ( ! "t4 ,scotl& z su* =ms "o ( its battle-fields1 & ,scot*m5 z su* are ! p>ties :o are to be engag$ 9 ! fight2 & ! issue1 ?\gh ultimately secure1 w long seem d\btful4 ,& s ! ,free ,*ur* may h q "t en\gh to fight h] own battle1 or r h] own two battles 9 succession1 &1 :5 bo? are ov]1 f9d t ! great g5]al conte/ /ill rema9s undecid$4 ,= :at we mu/ deem by mu* ! bett] & m important battle ( ! two--t = a /atutory dem& on ! "p ( ! ,/ate t ! ,bible & ,%ort] ,cate*ism %\ld be taught 9 ! national s*ools--we are afraid ! "t is pa/2 b mo/ happy w\ld we be to f9d ourselves mi/ak54 ,! ,*ur* ( ,scotl&1 z repres5t$ by t majority :i* is n[ ! ,free ,*ur*1 might h succe$$ 9 c>ry+ "s su* measure t5 ye>s ago1 :5 ! p>i% s*ools 7 yet 9 h] cu/ody2 j z %e might h succe$$ sev5 ye>s e>li] 9 obviat+ ! dire necessity :i* l$ to ! ,disruption1 by act+ ^u ! advice ( ! wise & f>-see+ ,m',crie4#aj ,b %e 0 n less prep>$ at ! "o date to agitate = ! total abolition ( patronage1 ?an at ! o!r to ?r[ op5 ! p>i% s*ools on ! basis ( a /atutory security = ! tea*+ ( religion4 ,9 bo? cases1 ! gold5 opportunity 0 suff]$ to pass by2 & ,old ,"t pres5ts to h] n[ b ! bald retreat+ occiput1 :i* h] eag] h& may 9 va9 attempt to grasp4 ,:]e1 we ask1 are we to look = ! =ces t are to assi/ u 9 fight+ ?is battle ( /atutory security8 ,has ! ,e/abli%m5t become m lib]al1 or m dispos$ to op5 ! p>i% s*ools1 ?an we ourselves 7 :5 we compos$ ! majority ( t v ,e/abli%m5t8 ,alas6 9 ord] to satisfy ourselves on t head1 we h b to look at ! decisions ( h] v>i\s ecclesia/ical c\rts4 ,or is x ! old ,scotti% ,diss5t]s t are to *ange _! entire front1 & to make common cause ) u1 9 disreg>d1 & ev5 9 defiance1 ( _! own pr9ciples1 z !y !mselves und]/& !m8 ,or are we to look to t evangelical portion ( ! ,episcopacy ( ,engl&1 ) :om ,e/abli%m5t means ,*ur*1 & ! 'good ( ! ,e/abli%m5t' a synonyme = ! 'good ( ! ,*ur*1' & :o1 to a c]ta9ty1 w move no h& aga9/ ! si/] ,e/abli%m5t 9 ,scotl&8 ,or are we to be aid$ by t portion ( ,engli% ,indep5d5cy t has s v /rangely tak5 its /& equally aga9/ educational grants & educational end[m5ts1 on ! gr\nd t !re is a sort ( religion homoeopa?ically diffus$ 9 all education--especially1 we suppose1 9 ,l9dley ,murray's read+s f ! ,spectator & ,dr4 ,blair--& t1 z ! ,/ate mu/ n provide religi\s tea*+ = its p1 x _c1 & mu/ n1 provide = !m tea*+ ( any k9d8 ,sci5tific ,jews are !y1 ( ! /raite/ sect1 :o1 wis] ?an _! fa!rs1 h asc]ta9$ by ! microscope1 t all meat1 h[ev] nicely wa%$1 cont9ues to reta9 its molecules ( blood1 & t fle% !re=e mu/ on no acc\nt be eat54 ,we _c1 we say1 disc]n1 )9 ! wide horizon ( exi/+ realities1 ! troops ) :i* ?is battle is to be f\ght4 ,!y seem to be m]e %ad[s ( ! pa/4 ,b if ! ,free ,*ur* see o!rwise1 let h] by all means summon !m up1 & fight x4 ,reg>d$ simply z a matt] ( policy1 we are afraid ! conte/ w\ld be at lea/ imprud5t4 ',x 7 well1' said a ,scot* (fic] to ,wolfe1 :5 ,*a?am fir/ call$ out ! ,highl&]s ( ,scotl& to fight 9 ! w>s ( ,brita91--',x 7 well1 ,g5]al1 t y %\ld "k ! "* ( ^! ,highl& troops4 ,d n attempt manoeuvr+ ) !m2 ,scot* ,highl&]s don't und]/& manoeuvre4 ,if y make a fe9t ( *>g+1 !y w ?r[ !mselves sword 9 h& into ! ?ick ( ! enemy1 & y w 9 va9 attempt call+ !m back2 or if y make a %[ ( retreat+1 !y w run away 9 "r e>ne/1 & y w nev] see !m m4 ,s d n employ !m 9 fe9ts & /ratagems1 b keep !m = ! h>d1 s]i\s bus9ess ( ! fight1 & y w f9d !m ! be/ troops 9 ! _w4' ,n[1 ne>ly ! same "* applies to ! ,free ,*ur*4 ,to set h] a-fight+ z a matt] ( policy1 w\ld be v bad policy inde$4 ,%e w\ld f9d out reasons1 semi-!ological at lea/1 = all h] positions1 h[ev] hopeless1 & w\ld cont9ue fix$ 9 ^! long aft] ! battle _h be5 f\ght & lo/1 & :5 %e ought to be engag$ 9 retriev+ h] disa/]s on o!r gr\nd1 & 9 a fre% & m promis+ qu>rel4 ,b if ! ,free ,*ur* does ent] into ?is battle1 let h] 9 ! meantime n =get1 t aft] x has be5 f\ght1 & at lea/ possibly lo/1 ano!r battle may h /ill to be begun2 nor let h] attempt damag+1 by d\btful !ology1 ! position :i* a prepond]at+ majority ( h] own (fice-be>]s & memb]s may h yet to take up4 ,=1 ultimately at lea/1 ! damage w\ld be all h] own4 ,let h] rem>k fur!r1 t %\ld h] p set _! he>ts pretty /rongly on ^? national sem9>ies1 :i* 9 _m p>ts ( ! c\ntry w\ld become1 if op5$ up1 :olly _! own de facto1 & :i* are already _! own de jure1 !y might n be q able to feel ! cog5cy ( ! argum5t t1 :ile x left ,soc9ians & ,papi/s 9 ! enjoym5t ( at once v lib]al & v flexible ,gov]nm5t grants1 *all5g$ _! "r to *oose1 on _! own responsibility1 ,/ate-paid tea*]s = _! *ildr52 & :i* virtually assur$ !m1 t if !y did n contribute l>gely to ! educational s*eme ( _! own ,*ur*1 %e w\ld be :olly unable to ma9ta9 x z a sort ( mid-imp$im5t betwe5 !m & _! j rights1 ! p>i% s*ools4 ,!y w\ld be exce$+ly apt1 too1 to translate any v det]m9$ & g5]al pref]5ce manife/$ by our *ur* c\rts = ! s*eme ( educational grants1 into "s su* enunciation z ! foll[+3--',give u to ourselves b a moiety ( "o-?ird ( ! ,scotti% "y1 & we w frankly give up ! o!r two-?irds1--! "o-half ( !m to be de/roy$ by gross ignorance1 & ! o!r half by deadly error4'#aa ,!re is at lea/ "o po9t on :i* we ?9k all ,free ,*ur*m5 ought to agree4 ,x is necess>y t ! tru? %\ld be kn[n respect+ ! educational condition & res\rces ( ,scotl&4 ,x w1 we und]/&1 be mov$ to-day ,febru>y #bg?1 9 ! ,free ,*ur* ,presbyt]y ( ,ed9burgh1 z a ?+ good & desirable1 t ,gov]nm5t %\ld 'in/itute an inquiry into ! educational de/itution confess$ly exi/+ 9 l>ge t[ns1 popul\s neighb\rhoods1 & remote di/ricts1 ) a view to ! m>k+ out ( places :]e elem5t>y s*ools are p>ticul>ly ne$$1' etc4 ,w\ld x n be m satisfactory to move in/ead1 ! desirabl5ess ( a ,gov]nm5t ,commission ( ,inquiry1 #a/1 into ! educational condition ( all ! y\? ( ,scotl& betwe5 ! ye>s ( six & fifte51 on ! s*eme ( t inquiry rec5tly conduct$ by a ,free ,*ur* ,educational ,association 9 ! ,tron p>i% ( ,glasg[2 #b;d1 into ! condition1 "*1 & tea*+ ( all ! v>i\s s*ools ( ! c\ntry1 :e!r p>o*ial1 ,free ,*ur*1 or adv5ture s*ools1 ) ! actual am\nt ( pupils 9 att5dance at ea*2 & #c;d1 into ! g5]al /&+1 acquirem5ts1 & emolum5ts ( all ! tea*]s8 ,n only w\ld ! report ( su* a ,commission be ( mu* solid value 9 itself1 f ! am\nt ( fact :i* x w\ld furni% = ! direction ( educational ex]tion on ! "p ( bo? ! p & ! ,/ate2 b x might also h ! effect ( prev5t+ good m5 f tak+ up1 9 ! com+ conte/1 unt5able & suspici\s gr\nd4 ,x w\ld lay op5 ! true /ate ( our p>i% s*ools1 & n only %[ h[ utt]ly useless ^! in/itutions h become1 f at lea/ ! %ores ( ! ,beauly to ^? ( ! ,p5tl& ,fri?1 & ?r\gh\t ! ,highl&s g5]ally1 b also expose ! gross exagg]ation ( ! e/imate furni%$ by ,mr4 ,macrae1 & adopt$ by ,dr4 ,muir4#ab ,fur!r1 x w\ld h ! effect ( prev5t+ any memb] ( ei!r ! ,free ,*ur* or ! ,e/abli%m5t f resort+ to ! dete/able policy ( ^? ,diss5t]s ( ,engl&1 :o1 9 ord] to secure c]ta9 petty advantages to _! own mis]able sects1 set !mselves to repres5t _! poor c\ntry--p]i%+ at ! "t = lack ( k--z comp>atively little 9 ne$ ( educational assi/ance4 ,b we tru/ ?is at lea/ is an enormity1 at once crim9al & mean1 ( :i* no ,scot*man1 :atev] 8 ,*ur*1 c\ld possibly be guilty2 & s we %all n d our c\ntry ! inju/ice ( hold+ t1 ?\gh x produc$ its 'fause ,sir ,johns' 9 ! pa/1 x conta9s 9 ! pres5t "o su* traitor1 until we at lea/ see ! man4 ,fur!r1 a ,/ate ,report ( ! k9d w\ld lay op5 to u1 9 ! sev]e /ati/ical =m1 ! actual emolum5ts ( our own ,free ,*ur* tea*]s4 ,we tru/1 !n1 t ?is s*eme ( a se>*+ ,gov]nm5t inquiry may be reg>d$ z a fir/ great /ep t[>ds ! important "w ( educat+ ! ,scotti% p1 9 :i* all ought to agree1 h[ev] ?or\ghly at v>iance 9 matt]s ( pr9ciple or on po9ts ( detail4 ,x is ( mighty importance t m5 %\ld look at ?+s z !y really are4 ,let u rememb] t x is n = ! em]g5cies ( ye/]day t we are n[ call$ on to provide1 b = ! necessities ( to-day1--n = ,scotl& 9 ! ye> #aeib1 nor yet 9 ! ye> #agjj1 b = ,scotl& 9 ! ye> #ahej4 ,:at might be ! be/ possible c\rse 9 ^! bygone ages1 may be1 & is1 :olly an impracticable c\rse n[4 ,*ur* at bo? ^! e>li] dates meant n only an or?odox communion1 b also t prepond]at+ majority ( ! nation :i* reckon$ up z its own ! great bulk ( bo? ! rul]s & ! rul$1 & at once own$ ! be/ & longe/ swords1 & wore ! /ronge/ arm\r2 :]eas x n[ means1 legally at lea/1 m]ely two ,era/ianiz$ ,e/abli%m5ts1 & politically1 all ! ,*ri/ian d5om9ations t possess votes & return memb]s to ,p>liam5t4 ,! prism seizes on a s+le :ite ray1 & decomposes x into a def9itely proportion$ spectrum1 gorge\s ) ! prim>y col\rs4 ,! repres5tative pr9ciple ( a ,gov]nm5t su* z ours takes up1 z if by a rev]se process1 ^? div]se hues ( ! d5om9ational spectrum t v>y ! face ( society1 & comp\nds !m 9 ! ,legislature into a blank4 ,save = ! exi/5ce ( ! two ,e/abli%m5ts--/rong on o!r ?an religi\s gr\nds--& ! peculi> t+e :i* !y ca/ on ! in/itutions ( ! c\ntry1 ! blank w\ld be /ill m p]fect ?an x is2 & ?is fact--a direct result ( ! /rongly m>k$ hues ( ! d5om9ational spectrum1 op]at$ ^u by ! repres5tative pr9ciple--we c no m *ange ?an we c ! optical law4 ,let !re be b ! col\r ( "o religion 9 ! national spectrum1 & ! ,legislature w we> b "o religi\s col\r3 let x consi/ ( half-a-doz5 col\rs1 & ! ,legislature w be ( none4 ',o = an h\r ( ,knox6' x has be5 said by a good & able man1 f :om1 h[ev]1 9 ?is "q we greatly diff]1--',o = an h\r ( ,knox to def5d ! national religi\s education :i* he 0 rais$ up to in/itute6' ,knox1 be x rememb]$1 0 wise1 prud5t1 sagaci\s1 9 accordance ) ! dem&s ( 8 "t4 ,a ,knox ( ! exact fa%ion ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 rais$ up 9 ! middle ( ! n9ete5?1 w\ld be b a slim1 long-be>d$ effigy ( a ,knox1 grotesquely attir$ 9 a ,g5eva cloak & cap1 & ) ! /raw & hay t /uff$ him /ick+ out 9 tufts f 8 wai/b&4 ',o = an h\r ( ,knox6' ,! ,scotti% ,*ur* ( ! pres5t age has already _h its ,knox4 ',elias ha? already come4' ,! l>ge-m9d$1 wise-he>t$ ,knox ( ! n9ete5? c5tury di$ at ,morn+side ?ree ye>s ago2 & he has bequea!d1 z a preci\s legacy to ! ,*ur*1 8 judgm5t on ?is v "q4 ',x 7 ! be/ /ate ( ?+s1' he said1 't we _h a ,p>liam5t suffici5tly !ological to discrim9ate betwe5 ! "r & ! wrong 9 religion1 & to end[ accord+ly4 ,b fail+ ?is1 x seems to u ! next be/ ?+1 t 9 any public measure = help+ on ! education ( ! p1 ,gov]nm5t 7 to ab/a9 f introduc+ ! elem5t ( religion at all into _! "p ( ! s*eme2 & ?is n because !y held ! matt] to be insignificant1--! contr>y might be /rongly express$ 9 ! preamble ( _! ,act1#ac--;b on ! gr\nd t1 9 ! pres5t divid$ /ate ( ! ,*ri/ian _w1 !y w\ld take no cognizance (1 j because !y w\ld attempt no control ov]1 ! religion ( applicants = aid1--leav+ ?is matt] entire to ! p>ties :o _h to d ) ! erection & managem5t ( ! s*ools :i* !y _h be5 call$ ^u to assi/4 ,a grant by ! ,/ate on ?is foot+ might be reg>d$ z be+ appropriately & exclusively ! expression ( _! value = a good secul> education4' ----- #aj ,to dem& ( t ,p>liam5t :i* c>ri$ ! ,re=m ,bill ! repeal ( ! ,patronage ,act1 in/ead ( enact+1 on h] own au?ority1 ! ,veto ,law4 #aa ',i see1' said ,knox1 :5 ! ,privy ,c\ncil1 9 divid+ ! ecclesia/ical rev5ues ( ! k+dom into ?ree p>ts1 det]m9$ on giv+ two ( ^! to ! nobility1 & on divid+ ! rema9+ "p betwe5 ! ,prote/ant m9i/ry & ! ,c\rt1--' ,i see two-?irds freely giv5 to ! devil1 & ! o!r ?ird divid$ betwe5 ,god & ! devil3 if ! end ( ?is ord] be happy1 my judgm5t fails me6' ,our *ur* c\rts1 if !y decl>e = ! sy/em ( d5om9ational grants1 9 opposition to ! t]ritorial end[m5ts ( a s*eme truly national1 w be secur+ virtually a simil> division ( ! p1 ) b ?is diff]5ce1 t ,god's %>e ( ! res]v$ moiety may be a v small %>e inde$4 ,& c x possibly be held t ! %ame & guilt ( su* an arrangem5t c be obviat$ by ! votes ( ,synods or ,assemblies8 or t1 ) an intellig5t laity to judge 9 ! matt]1 ! 'end ( ?is ord]' c be o!r ?an unhappy8 ,! s*ools ( ! ,free ,*ur* h already1 x is said1 done mu* good4 ,we w\ld1 we reply1 be )\t excuse1 9 tak+ up our pres5t position--a position 9 :i* we h pa9fully to diff] f s _m ( ! fri5ds 9 ^: behalf = ! la/ t5 ye>s we deem$ x at once a privilege & an hon\r to cont5d--did we believe t m ?an six hundr$ ,prote/ant s*ools c\ld exi/ 9 ,scotl& )\t do+ mu* good4 ,( no?+1 h[ev]1 are we m conv9c$1 ?an t ! good :i* !y h done has be5 accompli%$ by !m 9 _! "* z s*ools1 n 9 _! "* z d5om9ational4 ,we "k a little reg>d+ ?is matt]2 = 9 our j\rney+s ( _m ?\s& miles ov] ,scotl&1 especially 9 ! ,highl&s & ! nor!rn c\nties1 we h made "s use ( bo? our eyes & e>s4 ,we h se51 & sick5$ to see1 hordes ( s*oolboys ( t5 & twelve ye>s b&y+ z nicknames1 ) boys ^: p>5ts belong$ to ! ,e/abli%m5t1 ! t]ms ( polemic controv]sy4 ',mod]ate' has become 9 juv5ile m\?s z mu* a t]m ( hatr$ & reproa* 9 ext5sive di/ricts ( our c\ntry1 z we rememb] ',fr5*man' us$ to be dur+ ! great revolution>y w>4 ,our *ildr5 bid fair to get1 9 _! /ate ( d5om9ational sep>atism1 at lea/ religion en\gh he>tily to hate _! neighb\rs2 &1 we are afraid1 n mu* m4 ,n[1 x may be ?\ght t ! ,editor ( ! ,witness1 himself long engag$ 9 semi-!ological w>f>e1 ought to be sil5t 9 a matt] ( ?is k9d4 ,be x rememb]$1 we reply1 t x 0 m51 n *ildr51 :om ! ,editor ( ! ,witness made x 8 bus9ess to address2 & t :51 9 :at he deem$ a good cause1 he appeal$ to ! und]/&+s ( 8 adult c\ntry-folk1 he bes\ght !m 9 e in/ance to te/ & exam9e ere !y judg$ & decid$4 ,he did n contemplate a phase ( ! controv]sy 9 :i* un?9k+ *ildr5 %\ld come f _! s*ools to cont5d ) o!r *ildr51 9 ! _s ( ^? little ones ( ,be!l :o 'came =? out ( _! city' to mock & to je]2 or t immature1 unreason+ m9ds %\ld be torn by ! %e-be>s ( un*>itable feel+1 at an age :5 ! po9ts really at issue 9 ! case c be receiv$ only z prejudices1 & express$ only by ! m]e call+ ( names4 ,& see+ & kn[+ :at he has se5 & kn[s1 he has become s9c]ely desir\s t controv]sy %\ld be left to at lea/ ! adult population ( ! c\ntry1 & t its *ildr5 ( all ! communions %\ld be s5t to m+le toge!r 9 _! games & _! tasks1 & to =m _! unselfi% atta*m5ts1 "u a wise sy/em ( national tuition1 z ?or\ghly ,*ri/ian z may be1 b at ! same "t z little z possible polemical or sect>ian4 #ab ,to ! effect t !re are a hundr$ ?\s& *ildr5 9 att5dance at ! p>i% s*ools ( ,scotl&4 #ac ',we are aw>e1' says a respect$ antagoni/1 't ,mr4 ,mill] is no ,dei/2 8 argum5t1 nev]!less1 re/s on a dei/ical position1--a *>ge to :i* ,dr4 ,*alm]s' lett] is n liable to be expos$1 9 consequ5ce ( its fir/ s5t5ce1 & ( :at x recomm5ds 9 a ,gov]nm5t preamble4' ,if !re be su* virtue 9 a preamble1 say we1 let u by all means h a preamble--t5 preambles if necess>y--r ?an a dei/ic pr9ciple4 ,we w\ld fa9 imitate 9 ?is matt] ! tol]ance ( ,lu!r4 ',a compla9t comes t su* & su* a re=m$ prea*] w n prea* )\t a cassock4 ,well1 answ]s ,lu!r1 :at h>m w a cassock d ! man8 ,let him h a cassock to prea* 92 let him h ?ree cassocks1 if he f9d b5efit 9 !m4' ,,*apt] ,,six?4 ,our previ\s ,/atem5t reg>d+ ! actual ,condition ( ! ,free ,*ur* ,educational ,s*eme absolutely necess>y--,volunt>y ,objections to a ,national ,s*eme1 z /at$ by ! ,oppon5ts ( ! ,volunt>ies2 n p>ticul>ly solid--,exam9ation ( ! matt]4 ,our episode reg>d+ ! ,free ,*ur* ,educational ,s*eme n[ fairly complet$1 let u return to ! g5]al "q4 ,! read] may1 h[ev]1 d well to note ! inevitable necessity :i* exi/$ on our "p1 t our :olesome1 ?\gh mayhap unpalatable1 /atem5ts respect+ x %\ld h be5 submitt$ to ! ,*ur* & ! c\ntry4 ,! gr& "q :i* 9 ! c\rse ( ,provid5ce _h at l5g? aris5 01 ',h[ is our s9k+ c\ntry to be educat$8' ,we _h tak5 our /&1 z a ,scot*man1 9 behalf ( ! ,scotti% p2 & z ! belief seem$ widely to exi/ t our own ,free ,*ur* s*eme 0 adequate1 or at lea/ ne>ly s1 to ! education ( ! *ildr5 ( our own memb]%ip1 & t our duty z ,scot*m5 c\ld be fulfill$1 someh[1 by conc5trat+ all our ex]tions ^u x1 x _h become ess5tially necess>y t ! delusion %\ld be dispell$4 ,& s we h %[$1 t :ile our s*eme1 9 ord] fully to supply ! educational wants ( ev5 our own p1 w\ld require to exi/ 9 ! proportion ( n9e1 x exi/s nom9ally 9 b ! proportion ( six1 & 9 reality 9 b ! proportion ( f\r1--see+ t ! six1 i4e4 our exi/+ /aff ( tea*]s1 am\nt+ to b two-?irds ( ! numb] requir$1 are b two-?irds paid2--9 %ort1 t our educational speculation is exactly 9 ! circum/ances ( a railway company :o1 hav+ engag$ to cut a l9e n9ety miles 9 l5g?1 h succe$$ 9 cutt+ =ty miles ( x at _! own prop] exp5se1 & !n hav+ cut tw5ty miles m on pref]5ce %>es1 f9d _! fur!r progress arre/$ by a lack ( funds4 ,& s x became necess>y to %[ t ! exi/5ce & circum/ances ( our ,free ,*ur* s*ools1 in/ead ( furni%+1 z _h be5 urg$ 9 sev]al ( our presbyt]ies1 any argum5t aga9/ ! agitation ( ! g5]al "q1 furni%$1 on ! contr>y1 ! be/ possible ( all argum5ts = its agitation2 & to %[ fur!r1 t ! policy :i* br\ght a d5om9ational s*eme1 t did n look beyond ourselves1 into a great national engagem5t1 9 ! "* ( a private] virtually on ! side ( ! enemy1 0 a mo/ p]il\s policy1 t expos$ x to damag+ broadsides1 & tell+ %ot "r betwe5 w9d & wat]4 ,let u n[ pass on to ! consid]ation ( a matt] on :i* we b t\*$ be=e1--! p]fect compatibility ( a consi/5t ,volunt>yism ) religi\s tea*+ 9 a s*ool end[$ by ! ,/ate1 on ! pr9ciple ( ,dr4 ,*alm]s4 ,! ,witness is z little ,volunt>y n[ z x ev] 04 ,x seems b fair1 h[ev]1 t a pr9ciple %\ld be saddl$ ) only ! consequ5ces t legitimately arise f x2 & t ,volunt>yism %\ld n be expos$1 9 ?is conte/1 to a species ( wit*craft1 t fir/ c>icatures x 9 an ill-modell$ image1 & !n /icks ! ugly ?+ ov] ) p9s4 ,! rev5ues ( ! ,/ate-end[$ s*ools ( ?is c\ntry--&1 we suppose1 ( e o!r--are d]iv$ f two di/9ct s\rces3 f ,gov]nm5t1 :o furni%es ! s*oolma/]'s sal>y1 & erects ! build+ 9 :i* he tea*es2 & f ! p>5ts or gu>dians1 :o remun]ate him accord+ to c]ta9 graduat$ rates = ! k9d ( in/ruction :i* he communicates to _! *ildr5 or w>ds4 ,& ! rationale ( ?is ,/ate assi/ance seems v obvi\s4 ,x is ( importance to ! ,/ate1 bo? on economic & judicial gr\nds1 t all its p %\ld be taught2 b1 on ! adv5ture-s*ool pr9ciple1 x is impossible t !y %\ld all be taught1 see+ t adv5ture s*ools c ?rive 9 only d5sely peopl$ localities1 or :]e support$ by weal?y families1 t pay l>gely = _! *ildr5's education4 ,& s1 9 ord] t education may be br\ght d[n to ! humble/ ( ! p1 ! ,/ate supplem5ts1 9 its own & its p's behalf1 ! s*oolma/]'s income1 & builds him a s*ool4 ,su* seems to be ! pr9ciple ( educational end[m5ts4 ,n[1 if ! ,/ate1 9 end[+ national s*oolma/]s1 7 to signify t x end[$ !m 9 ord] t1 among o!r ?+s1 !y %\ld tea* religion1 we c well see h[ a ,volunt>y :o consci5ti\sly holds1 z su*1 t religion ought n to be ,/ate-end[$1 might be unable to avail himself1 on 8 *ildr5's behalf1 ( ! ,/ate-enjo9$ religi\s tea*+ ( any su* function>ies2 j z we c also see1 t if ! ,/ate =bade its s*oolma/]s on any acc\nt to tea* religion1 a consci5ti\s hold] ( ! ,e/abli%m5t pr9ciple might be p]haps equally unable to avail himself ( s]vices s re/rict$4 ,we c at lea/ see h[ ea*1 9 turn1 might lodge an alt]nate prote/1--! "o aga9/ ! positive exclusion ( religion by ! ,/ate1 ! o!r aga9/ its positive introduction4 ,b if1 accord+ to ,*alm]s1 ! ,/ate1 aw>e ( ! difficulty1 t5d]s its end[m5t & builds its s*ools 'simply z an expression ( its value = a good secul> education1' & av[$ly leaves ! religi\s "p ( ! s*ool tra9+ to be det]m9$ by ! p>ties :o furni% t moiety ( ! s*oolma/]'s support d]iv$ f fees--i4e4 ! p>5ts or gu>dians--we f9d 9 ! arrangem5t gr\nd on :i* ! ,volunt>y & ! ,e/abli%m5t man c meet & agree4 ,= ! ,/ate virtually wills by su* a settlem5t--& bo? by :at x dem&s1 & by :at x does n dem&1 b p]mits--t its sal>i$ function>y %\ld /& to 8 employ]s1 ! p1 simply 9 ! relation ( an adv5ture s*oolma/]4 ,! ,/ate says virtually to its tea*] 9 su* circum/ances3 ',i1 z ! g5]al gu>dian ( y\r pupils1 d n pay y = _! religi\s education2 b _! p>ticul> & special gu>dians1 ! p>5ts1 are q at lib]ty to make ) y on t head :atev] b>ga9 !y please4 ,fully aw>e ( ! va/ importance ( religi\s tea*+1 & yet :olly unable1 f ! d5om9ational diff]5ces ( ! "t1 at once to provide = x 9 ! national sem9>ies1 & to r5d] ^! equal to ! wants ( ! c\ntry1 ,i ?r[ ! :ole responsibility 9 ?is matt] on ! divid$ p1 :om ,i _c unite 9 _! religion1 b ^: g5]al education ,i am n on t acc\nt at lib]ty to neglect4' ,on gr\nds su* z ^!1 we repeat1 ,volunt>yism & ! ,e/abli%m5t pr9ciple may meet & agree4 ,!re c be little d\bt1 h[ev]1 t !re are m5 on bo? sides sp>+ly gift$ ) common s5se3 = nev] yet 0 !re a great "q widely & popul>ly agitat$1 t did n divide n only ! wise m51 b also ! fools ( ! community2 & we h he>d x urg$ by "s ( ! repres5tatives ( ! weak] class1 t a ,volunt>y c\ld n p]mit 8 *ildr5 to be taught religion "u a ro( provid$ by ! ,/ate4 ,really1 ) all respect = ! cap & bells1 ?is is driv+ ! matt] a little too f>4 ,we h be5 told by a relative1 n[ deceas$1 :o s]v$ on %ipbo>d dur+ ! fir/ revolution>y w>1 & saw "s h>d fight+1 t at ! close ( a hot engagem5t1 9 :i* victory rema9$ ) ! ,briti%1 ! capta9 ( ! vessel 9 :i* he sail$--a dev\t & brave man--call$ 8 crew toge!r ^u ! qu>t]-deck1 & (f]$ up ?anks to ,god 9 an impressive pray]4 ,! noble %ip 9 :i* he sail$ 0 ! prop]ty ( ! ,/ate1 & he himself a ,/ate-paid (ficial2 b 0 !re any?+ 9 ei!r circum/ance to ju/ify a prote/ f ev5 ! mo/ rabid ,volunt>y aga9/ ! "p :i* he act$ on ?is int]e/+ occasion1 simply z a ,*ri/ian h]o8 ,nay1 _h he s\ght to employ & pay out ( 8 private purse 9 behalf ( 8 crew an evangelical mission>y1 z decid$ly ,volunt>y 9 8 views z ,john ,fo/] or ,rob]t ,hall1 w\ld ! man h once ?\ght ( object+ to ! "w because x 0 to be prosecut$ "u ! %elt] ( beams & planks1 e "o ( :i* belong$ to ! ,gov]nm5t8 ,w\ld a pi\s ,volunt>y soldi] keep alo( f a pray]-meet+ on no o!r gr\nd ?an t x 0 held 9 a b>rack8--or did ! fir/ ,volunt>ies ( ,great ,brita91 ! high-ton$ ,indep5d5ts t f\ght "u ,cromwell1 ab/a9 f _! prea*+s & _! pray]s :5 coop$ up by ! enemy 9 a g>rison8 ,:]e is ! religi\s ,volunt>y :o w\ld n exhort 9 a prison1 or (f] up an unb\ght pray] on a public1 ,/ate-provid$ scaffold1 = "s wret*$ crim9al %iv]+ on ! v]ge ( ! grave8 ,n[ ! s*oolma/]1 9 ! circum/ances laid d[n by ,*alm]s1 we hold to be 9 at lea/ z fav\rable a position ) respect to ! ,/ate & ! ,/ate-erect$ edifice 9 :i* he tea*es1 z ! %ip-capta9 or ! non-commission$ mission>y--! dev\t ,volunt>y soldi]1 or ! pi\s ,indep5d5ts ( ,cromwell's ,ironsides4 ,he is1 9 8 secul> "*1 a ,/ate-paid (ficial1 %elt]$ by an erection ! prop]ty ( ! ,/ate2 b ! ,/ate p]mits him to be> 9 t erection ano!r "*1 9 relation to ano!r c]ta9 employ]1 :om x recognises z q z legitimately 9 ! field z itself1 & p]mits him also--?\gh x does n enjo9--to p]=m 8 duties !re z a ,*ri/ian man4 ,?\gh1 h[ev]1 ! objection to religi\s tea*+ "u ! ,/ate-erect$ ro( may be suff]$ to drop1 !re may be an objection rais$--& !re has be5 an objection rais$--aga9/ ! tea*+ ( religion 9 c]ta9 p]iods ( "t dur+ ! day1 = :i* x is someh[ tak5 = grant$ ! ,/ate pays4 ,h5ce ! argum5t = tea*+ religion 9 c]ta9 o!r p]iods ( "t n paid = by ! ,/ate--or 9 o!r words1 dur+ sep>ate h\rs4 ,n[ ! entire diff]5ce "h seems to orig9ate 9 a vici\s begg+ ( ! "q4 ,x is n ! ,/ate t specifies ! h\rs dur+ ea* day 9 :i* ,/ate-end[$ & ,/ate-erect$ s*ools are taught2 on ! contr>y1 v>y+ z ^! h\rs d1 & mu/1 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! t[n & c\ntry--= a ?9ly-peopl$ di/rict dem&s "o set ( h\rs1 & a d5sely-peopl$ locality ano!r--!y are fix$1 z m]e matt]s ( mutual arrangem5t1 to suit ! conv5i5ce ( ! tea*]s & ! taught4 ,x is en\gh t ! ,/ate satisfy itself1 ?r\gh its inspectors1 t ! secul> in/ruction = :i* x pays is effectually imp>t$ to its p3 x nei!r does nor w lay claim to any "o h\r ( ! day z its own1 :e!r be=e noon or aft] x4 ,x w leave to ! ,engli% ,e/abli%m5t its canonical h\rs1 sacr$ to organ music & ! ,liturgy2 b x w set ap>t by enactm5t no p$agogical h\rs1 sacr$ to ari?metic or algebra1 ! con/ru+ ( v]bs1 or ! draw+ ( figures4 ,if sep>ate h\rs m]ely mean t ! ma/] is n to h all 8 classes up at once--"h gabbl+ ,lat9 or ,greek1 !re discuss+ ! prim] or recit+ f ,scott's ,collection1 yond] repeat+ ! multiplication table or runn+ ov] ! rules ( ,l9dley ,murray--we at once say religion mu/ h its sep>ate h\r1 j z ,engli%1 ! dead tongues1 figur+1 writ+1 & ! ma!matics1 h _! sep>ate h\rs2 b if x be meant t ! religi\s tea*+ ( ! s*ool mu/ be re/rict$ to "s h\r n paid = by ! ,/ate1 !n we reply ) equal read9ess t we "k ( no h\r specially paid = by ! ,/ate1 & s utt]ly fail to recognise any pr9ciple 9 ! propos$ arrangem5t1 or r 9 ! objection t w\ld sugge/ x4 ,z to ! "q ( a sep>ate fee = religi\s tuition1 let u consid] h[ x is usually solv$ 9 ! adv5ture s*ools ( ! c\ntry4 ,! day is1 9 mo/ cases1 op5$ by ! ma/] ) pray]1 & !n !re is a portion ( ,scripture read by ! pupils4 ,& nei!r ! ,scripture read nor ! pray] (f]$ up fall1 we are dispos$ to ?9k1 "u ! head ( religi\s tuition1 b "u a greatly bett] head--t ( religion itself4 ,x is a prop] devotional beg9n+ ( ! bus9ess ( ! day4 ,! committal ( ! ,%ort] ,cate*ism--:i* ) mo/ *ildr5 is altoge!r an ex]cise ( memory1 b :i*1 accompli%$ 9 y\?1 :ile ! intellect yet sleeps1 produces effects 9 aft] ye>s almo/ always b5eficial to ! und]/&+1 & n unfrequ5tly ameliorative ( ! he>t--we place 9 a diff]5t category4 ,x is n religion1 b ! tea*+ ( religion2 n food = ! pres5t1 b /ore laid up = ! future4 ,) ! committal to memory ( ! ,cate*ism we class t species ( ,scripture dissection n[ s common 9 s*ools1 :i* s (t5 mangles :at x c>ves4#ad ,& religion taught 9 ?is way is & ought to be repres5t$ 9 ! fee paid to ! tea*]1 & is & ought to be taught 9 a class z sep>ate f all ! o!rs z ! geography or ! gramm> class4 ,su* is1 we und]/&1 a common arrangem5t 9 ,scotti% adv5ture s*ools2 nor does !re exi/ a s+le good reason = prev5t+ x f also obta9+ 9 ! ,scotti% national s*ools4 ,if ! p>5tage ( ,scotl&1 :e!r ,volunt>y or ,e/abli%m5t1 7 to be ve/$ ) ! p[] ( det]m9+ t x %\ld be s1 & ( select+ _! s*oolma/]s1 ! s*ools w\ld op5 ) pray] & ! read+ ( ! ,^w--n because !y 7 ,/ate-end[$1 b because1 ! ,/ate leav+ ! po9t entirely op51 !y 7 ! s*ools ( a ,*ri/ian l&1 to :i* ,*ri/ian p>5ts _h s5t _! *ildr51 & = :i*1 on _! own prop] responsibility1 !y _h *os51 s f> z !y c\ld det]m9e ! po9t1 ,*ri/ian tea*]s4 ,& = ?is religi\s "p ( ! s]vices ( ! day we w\ld deem x d]ogatory to ! "* ( a s*oolma/] to suppose t he c\ld receive any remun]ation f ! p>5ts ( 8 pupils1 or f any "o else4 ,= ! prop] devotional s]vices ( ! s*ool we w\ld place on exactly ! same high dis9t]e/$ level z ! devotional ex]cises ( ! family1 or z ^? ( ! gallant (fic] & 8 crew1 :o1 paid = b ! def5ce ( _! c\ntry1 gave ,god ?anks on ! blood-/a9$ qu>t]-deck1 9 _! "* z ,*ri/ians1 t ,he _h %elt]$ _! heads 9 "o ( _! c\ntry's battles1 & !n ca/ !mselves 9 fai? ^u ,8 fur!r c>e4 ,we w\ld1 we say1 deem x an insult to ! pr(ession to speak ( a monet>y remun]ation = ! read ^w or ! pray] (f]$ up4 ,nay1 if ei!r 0 rat$ at b a s+le p5ny z its price1 or if !re 0 a s+le p5ny expect$ = ei!r1 :]e is !re ! man1 ,volunt>y or ,free ,*ur*1 t w\ld deem x wor? ! money8 ,! /ory ( ! footman1 :o1 ^u be+ told1 on ent]+ on 8 new place1 t he w\ld h to att5d family pray]s1 express$ a hope t ! duty w\ld be consid]$ 9 8 wages1 has become "o ( ! /&>d jokes ( our je/-books4 ,we w\ld1 h[ev]1 place ! religi\s tea*+ ( ! s*ool on an entirely diff]5t foot+ f its religi\s s]vices4 ,we w\ld assign to x its sep>ate class & its sep>ate "t1 j z we w\ld assign a sep>ate class & "t to ! tea*+ ( ,engli% gramm>1 or hi/ory1 or ! dead languages4 ,& :e!r ! remun]ation 0 specifi$ or m]ely und]/ood1 we w\ld deem x b reasonable t ?is bran* ( tea*+1 l all ! o!r bran*es :i* occupi$ ! "t & task$ ! ex]tions ( ! tea*]1 %\ld be remun]at$ by a fee3 9 ?is dep>tm5t ( tuition1 z 9 ! o!rs1 we w\ld deem ! lab\r] wor?y ( 8 hire4 ,we ne$ sc>ce add1 h[ev]1 t we w\ld recognise no p[] 9 ! majority ( any locality1 or 9 ! s*oolma/] :om !y _h *os51 to r5d] att5dance at ev5 ! devotional s]vices ( ! sem9>y compulsory on ! *ildr5 ( p>5ts :o1 on religi\s or o!r gr\nds1 will$ t !y %\ld n jo9 9 ! g5]al wor%ip4 ,&1 ( c\rse1 att5dance on ! religion-tea*+ class w\ld be altoge!r z mu* a matt] ( arrangem5t betwe5 ! p>5t & ! s*oolma/]1 z att5dance on ! ,lat9 or ,engli% classes1 or on ari?metic1 algebra1 or ! ma!matics4 ,:ile1 h[ev]1 we c see no prop] gr\nds = diff]5ce betwe5 ,volunt>ies & ,free ,*ur*m51 on ev5 ^! details ( s*ool managem5t1 & see1 fur!r1 t !y nev] diff] reg>d+ ! way 9 :i* ! adv5ture s*ools ( ! c\ntry are conduct$1 we mu/ rem9d ! read] t all on :i* !y h really to agree on ?is "q1 z ,scot*m5 & fran*ise-hold]s1 is simply :e!r _! c\ntry ought n1 9 ! fir/ place1 to possess an effici5t sy/em ( national s*ools1 op5 to all ! ,*ri/ian d5om9ations2 :e!r1 9 ! second1 ! p>5ts ought n to be p]mitt$ to ex]cise1 on _! own responsibility1 ! natural "r ( det]m9+ :at _! *ildr5 %\ld be taught2 & :e!r1 9 ! ?ird1 ! h\sehold]s ( a di/rict ought n to be ve/$ 9 ! p[]1 n[ possess$ by ! h]itors & p>i% m9i/]1 ( *oos+ ! tea*]4 ,agreem5t on ^! heads is really all t is necess>y t[>ds ei!r ! prelim9>y agitation ( ! "q1 or 9 ord] to secure its ultimate success4 ,! m9or po9ts w\ld all come to be settl$1 n on ! legislative plat=m1 b 9 ! p>i%es1 by ! h\sehold]s4 ,volunt>yism1 wise & fooli%1 does n reckon up m ?an a ?ird ( ! population ( ,scotl&2 & fooli%1 i4e4 extreme ,volunt>ies--= ! s5sible ones w\ld be all ) u--w\ld f9d !mselves1 :5 !y came to record _! votes1 a v small m9ority inde$4 ,& s1 ?\gh _! extreme views may n[ be repres5t$ z lions 9 ! pa?1 x w\ld be f\nd ultimately t1 l ! lions :i* affright$ ,pilgrim 9 ! av5ue1 & made ! poor man run back1 !y are lions well *a9$ up--lions1 9 %ort1 9 a m9ority1 l ! agricultural lion 9 ,pun*4 ,let u rem>k1 fur!r1 t if "s ( our fri5ds deem ! s*eme propos$ = ,scotl& too little religi\s1 x is z c]ta9 t ! ass]tors ( ! s*eme n[ propos$ = ,engl&1 & advocat$ 9 ,p>liam5t by ,mr4 ,fox1 v decid$ly object to x on ! opposite score4 ,l ! grace said by ! ,rev4 ,reub5 ,butl]1 :i* 0 c5sur$ by ! ,capta9 ( ,knockdund] z too long1 & by d\ce ,davie ,deans z too %ort1 x is condemn$ = faults s decid$ly antagoni/ic 9 _! "*1 t !y _c co-exi/ toge!r4 ,"o class ( p]sons look exclusively at t lack ( a /atutory recognition ( religion :i* ! s*eme involves1 & d5\nce x z infidel2 ano!r1 at ! religi\s "* ( ! p ( ,scotl&1 & at ! consequ5t c]ta9ty1 also involv$ 9 ! s*eme1 t !y w r5d] _! s*ools transcripts ( !mselves1 & s !y condemn x z or?odox4 ,& h5ce ! opposite views ent]ta9$ by ,mr4 ,combe ( ,ed9burgh on ! "o h&1 & ,mr4 ,gibson ( ,glasg[ on ! o!r4#ae ----- #ad ,x is n un9/ructive to rem>k h[ inv>iably 9 ?is matt] an important po9t has be5 tak5 = grant$ :i* has n yet be5 prov52 & h[ ! mo/ s]i\s *>ges h be5 pref]r$ aga9/ m5's pr9ciples1 on ! assumption t !re exi/s 9 ! "q a c]ta9 div9e tru?1 :i* may be nei!r div9e nor yet a tru? at all4 ,wisdom & goodness may be exhibit$ 9 bo? ! negative & positive =m--bo? by avoid+ :at is wick$ & fooli%1 & by do+ :at is good & wise4 ,& :ile no ,*ri/ian d\bts t ! adorable ,head ( ! ,*ur* manife/$ ,8 "*1 :5 on e>?1 9 bo? ways1 at lea/ no ,presbyt]ian d\bts t ,he manife/$ x n only by in/itut+ c]ta9 ord]s 9 ,8 ,*ur*1 b also by omitt+ to in/itute 9 x c]ta9 o!r ord]s4 ,he in/itut$1 = in/ance1 an ord] ( prea*]s ( ! gospel2 ,he did n in/itute an ord] ( popes & c>d9als4 ,nei!r1 h[ev]1 did ,he in/itute an ord] ( 'religion-tea*+' s*oolma/]s2 & ! "q n yet settl$1 & ( :i*1 )\t compromis+ a s+le article 9 our /&>ds1 ei!r side may be esp\s$1 is1 :e!r our ,savi\r manife/$ ,8 wisdom 9 n mak+ use ( ! s*oolma/]1 or :e!r1 )\t indicat+ ,8 m9d on ! subject1 ,he left ! s*oolma/] to be legitimately employ$ 9 an aft]-developm5t ( ! ,*ur*4 ,inde$1 s entirely 9 ?is matt] is ! ,free ,*ur* at sea1 )\t *>t or compass1 t x has /ill to be det]m9$ :e!r ! religi\s tea*+ ( h] s*ools be ( a t5d5cy to add to or to dim9i% ! religi\s feel+ ( ! c\ntry4 ',i sometimes regrett$ to obs]ve1' says ,dr4 ,reid1 9 8 ,report on ! ,s*ools 9 connection ) ! ,free ,presbyt]y ( ,ed9burgh1 't _! lessons 9 ! ,bible & ,%ort] ,cate*ism 7 taught r too mu* 9 ! /yle ( ! ord9>y lessons4 ,i d n object to places be+ tak51 or any o!r means employ$1 :i* a tea*] may consid] necess>y to secure att5tion dur+ a ,scripture lesson2 b div9e tru? %\ld always be communicat$ ) solemnity4' ,n[1 su* is ! g5]al defect ( ! religi\s tea*+ ( ! s*oolroom4 ,nor is x to be obviat$1 we fe>1 by any expression ( extra solemnity ?r[n into ! p$agogical face1 or ev5 by ! tak+ ( places or ! taws4 ,& !re seems reason to dread t lessons ( ?is "* c h b ! effect ( commonplac+ ! great tru?s ( religion 9 ! m9d1 & h>d5+ ! he>t aga9/ _! aft] application f ! pulpit4 ,b "s t5 or twelve ye>s w s]ve to unveil to ! ,free ,*ur* ! real nature ( ! exp]im5t 9 :i* %e is n[ engag$4 ,= our own "p1 we c h little d\bt1 be ! matt] decid$ z x may1 t exp]i5ce w s]ve ultimately to %[ h[ va/ ! inf]iority really is ( man's 'tea*]s ( religion' to ,*ri/'s prea*]s ( ! gospel4 ,we %all nev] =get at lea/ ! m prom95t p>ticul>s ( a conv]sation on ?is subject :i* we 7 privileg$ to hold ) "o ( ! mo/ orig9al-m9d$ cl]gym5 7n[1 alas1 no m7 our ,*ur* ev] produc$4 ,he ref]r$1 fir/1 to ! false association :i* ^? words ( _w-wide mean+1 'religi\s education1' are almo/ sure to induce1 :5 re/rict$1 9 a n>r[1 inadequate s5se1 to ! tea*+ ( ! s*oolma/]2 & next1 to ! div9e commission ( ! m9i/] ( ! gospel4 ',p]v]t$ z human nature is1' he rem>k$1 '!re are cases 9 :i*1 by appeal+ to its s5tim5ts & affections1 we may d]ive a v nice evid5ce respect+ ! div9e orig9 ( c]ta9 in/itutions & injunctions4 ,= in/ance1 ! ,*9ese hold1 z "o ( _! religi\s beliefs1 t p>5ts h a p>am\nt claim to ! affections ( _! sons & daught]s1 long aft] !y h be5 m>ri$ & settl$ 9 ! _w2 :]eas our ,savi\r tea*es t a man %\ld leave fa!r & "m & cleave to 8 wife1 & ! wife leave fa!r & "m & cleave to h] husb&4 ,& z1 9 ! case ( ! dead & liv+ *ild1 ,solomon s\ght 8 evid5ce 9 ! feel+s ( ! wom5 t came be=e him1 & det]m9$ h] to be ! true "m 9 :om he f\nd ! true "m's love & reg>d1 ,i w\ld seek my evid5ce1 9 ?is o!r case1 9 ! affections ( human nature2 & ask !m :e!r !y decl>$ = ! law ( ! ,*9ese ,baal1 or = t ( ,him :o implant$ !m 9 ! he>t4 ,& h[ prompt & satisfactory ! reply6 ,! love :i* ( twa9 makes "o fle% approves itself1 9 all exp]i5ce1 to be greatly /rong] & m engross+ ?an t :i* atta*es ! *ild to ! p>5t2 & :ile we see ! unnatural ,*9ese law mak+ ! weak] trav]se & ov]rule ! /rong] affection1 & ?us demon/rat+ its own falsity1 we f9d ! law ( ,*ri/ exquisitely conc]t+ ) ! nature :i* ,*ri/ gave1 & ?us e/abli%+ its own tru?4 ,n[1 reg>d+ ! commission ( ! m9i/] ( ! gospel1' he cont9u$1 ',i put a simil> "q to ! affections1 & receive f !m a n less satisfactory reply4 ,! ,god :o gave ! commission does inspire a love = him :o truly be>s x2 ay1 a love b ev5 too engross+ at times1 & t1 by runn+ to excess1 defeats its prop] end1 by mak+ ! s]vant eclipse 9 ! congregational m9d ! ,ma/] ^: message he be>s4 ,b ,i d believe t ! s5tim5t1 l ! ord] to :i* x atta*es1 is1 9 its own prop] place1 ( div9e appo9tm5t4 ,x is a prep>ation = ! reception 9 love ( ! gospel message4 ,god does n w t ,8 message %\ld be injur$ by any prejudice aga9/ ! be>] ( x2 & t ,8 w 9 ?is matt] might be adequately c>ri$ out1 0 "o ( ! gr& objects ( our cont5d+s 9 ! ,*ur* controv]sy4 ,b we are n to calculate on ! exi/5ce ( any su* /rong feel+ ( love betwe5 ! *ildr5 ( a s*ool & _! tea*]4 ,if1 f\nd+ on ! exp]i5ce ( our own e>ly ye>s1 we ?9k ( ! s*oolma/]1 n 9 8 pres5t relation to ourselves z a fell[-citiz51 or z a s]vant ( ! ,*ur*1 b simply 9 8 connection ) ! immature class on :i* he op]ates1 we w f9d him circl$ r\nd 9 _! e/imation 7save 9 p]haps a v few exceptional cases7 ) greatly m ( t]ror ?an affection4 ,!re are no two classes ( feel+s 9 human nature m div]se ?an ! class ) :i* ! s*oolma/] & ! class ) :i* ! m9i/] ( ! gospel is reg>d$ by _! respective *>ges2 & "r well 0 ,/4 ,paul aw>e ( ! fact1 :5 he s\ght 9 ! t]rors ( ! s*oolma/] an illu/ration ( ! t]rors ( ! law4 ,& 9 ?is f5ce ( t]ror we may p]haps f9d a reason :y ,*ri/ nev] committ$ to ! s*oolma/] ! gospel message4' ,we are afraid we d b little ju/ice1 9 ?is passage1 to ! ?9k+ ( our deceas$ fri5d2 = we _c recall 8 fl[+ & s+ul>ly happy language1 b we h1 we tru/1 pres]v$ 8 lead+ ideas2 & !y are1 we ?9k1 wor?y ( be+ c>efully pond]$4 ,we may add1 t he 0 a man :o _h done mu* 9 8 p>i% = education2 b t he _h at l5g? se51 ?\gh )\t relax+ 8 ef=ts1 t ! religi\s tea*+ ( 8 s*ools _h fail$ to make ! ris+ g5]ation "u 8 *>ge religi\s1 & _h be5 l$ s]i\sly to inquire reg>d+ ! cause ( its failure4 #ae ,mr4 ,combe1 h[ev]1 may be reg>d$ z an extreme man2 & s ! foll[+ lett]1 valuable z illu/rat+ ! views ( a n v extreme oppon5t1 ?\gh a decid$ ass]tor ( ! non-religi\s sy/em ( tuition1 may be well deem$ in/ructive4 ,! writ]1 ,mr4 ,samuel ,lucas1 0 = _m ye>s ,*airman ( t ,lanca%ire ,public ,s*ool ,association :i* ,mr4 ,fox proposes z ! model ( 8 s*eme3-- ,,to ,,! ,,editor ,,( ,,! ,,scotsman4 ,,sir1--,9 y\r pap] ( ! #bf? ultimo1 ,i obs]ve among ! adv]tisem5ts a set ( resolutions :i* h be5 agre$ to & sign$ by a numb] ( p>ties1 ) ! view ( a national movem5t 9 fav\r ( an unsect>ian sy/em ( national education4 ,x is p]haps too e>ly to say1 t ?\gh ! names ( "s ( ! p>ties are well kn[n & highly e/eem$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 yet t ! names ( _m :o might be expect$ to be =emo/ 9 promot+ su* an object are want+4 ,i _c1 h[ev]1 help ?9k+1 t "s ( ^! may h be5 prev5t$ f sign+ ! docum5t 9 "q by "s consid]ations :i* h occurr$ to myself on ! p]usal ( x2 & z a few l9es ( editorial comm5t indicate t ! project has y\r sanction1 y w p]haps all[ me briefly to say :y ,i ?9k ! p ( ,scotl& %\ld give to x ! mo/ delib]ate consid]ation be=e committ+ !mselves to x4 ,agree+1 z ,i d mo/ fully1 ) a l>ge proportion ( ! cont5ts ( ! resolutions1 ,i regret t its au?ors h made an attempt1 :i* x is impossible c be successful1 to unite 9 ! national s*oolh\ses1 & 9 ! s*ool h\rs1 a s\nd religi\s ) an unsect>ian education4 ,:at is a s\nd religi\s education8 ,w n ! pr(essors ( e v>iety ( religi\s fai? answ] ! "q diff]5tly8 ,i ?9k x 0 ,bi%op ,b]keley :o said1 ,or?odoxy is my doxy2 het]odoxy is ano!r man's doxy4 ,s x is ) a s\nd religi\s education4 ,:at is s\nd to me is holl[ & sup]ficial1 or p]haps full ( error1 to ano!r4 ,if x be said t ! majority ( heads ( families mu/ decide z to :at is s\nd & :at is uns\nd1 ,i mu/ prote/ aga9/ su* an inju/ice4 ,! m9ority w contribute to ! support ( ! public s*ools1 & nei!r directly nor indirectly c !y ) ju/ice be depriv$ ( ! use ( !m4 ,x appe>s to me t ! au?ors ( ! resolutions are fly+ 9 ! face ( _! own great au?ority1 9 propos+ to introduce religi\s in/ruction into ! public s*ools4 ,x is true t ,dr4 ,*alm]s proposes t ,gov]nm5t %\ld 'leave ?is matt] entire to ! p>ties :o _h to d ) ! erection & managem5t ( ! s*ools :i* !y _h be5 call$ ^u to assi/2' b he 0 n !n contemplat+ ! erection ( national s*ools by ! public money1 b s*ools erect$ by volunt>y subscription1 :i* ! ,gov]nm5t might be call$ on to assi/4 ,8 op9ion on ! "r action ( ,gov]nm5t 9 ! pres5t /ate ( ?+s is cle>4 ,he says3 ',t 9 any public measure = help+ on ! education ( ! p1 ,gov]nm5t %\ld ab/a9 f introduc+ ! elem5t ( religion at all into _! "p ( ! s*eme4' ,:at1 !n1 %\ld be ! c\rse tak5 by ! promot]s ( public s*ools1 9 accordance ) ! pr9ciples enunciat$ by ,dr ,*alm]s8 ,x appe>s to me to be cle>ly ?is3 to make no provision :atev] =1 or r directly to exclude1 all religi\s tea*+ )9 ! walls ( ! s*ool1 & to leave1 9 ! words ( ! fif? resolution1 '! duty & responsibility ( communicat+ religi\s in/ruction' 9 ! h&s ( ^? 'to :om !y h be5 committ$ by ,god1 viz4 to _! p>5ts1 &1 ?r\gh !m1 to su* tea*]s z !y may *oose to entru/ ) t duty4' ,?is 0 ! c\rse pursu$ by ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,holl& 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! pres5t c5tury2 & ,i suppose no "o w v5ture to call 9 "q ! morality or religion ( ! p ( t c\ntry1 or to ?r[ a d\bt ^u ! success ( ! sy/em4 ,x is z an ard5t fri5d ( ,national ,education1 bo? 9 ,scotl& & ,engl&1 t ,i h v5tur$ to make ^! few obs]vations4 ,i desire to ?r[ no ob/ruction 9 ! way ( any movem5t calculat$ to atta9 s desirable an object4 ,x may be t ,i am mi/ak5 9 suppos+ t x is int5d$ to convey religi\s in/ruction1 9 ! public s*ools1 ( a k9d t w be obnoxi\s to a m9ority2 & if s1 ! design ( ! au?ors ( ! resolutions w h no m s9c]e well-wi%] ?an1 ,sir1 y\r ob$i5t s]vant1 ,,samuel ,,lucas4 ,,london1 ,febru>y #d1 #ahej4 ,,*apt] ,,sev5?4 ,g5]al ,outl9e ( an ,educational ,s*eme adequate to ! dem&s ( ! ,age--,remun]ation ( ,tea*]s--,mode ( _! ,election--,responsibility--,influ5ce ( ! ,*ur* 9 su* a ,s*eme--,app>5t ,errors ( ! ,*ur*--,! ,circum/ances ( ,scotl& v diff]5t n[ f :at !y 7 9 ! days ( ,knox4 ,scotl& w nev] h an effici5t educational sy/em at once wor?y ( h] anci5t fame1 & adequate to ! dem&s ( ! age1 until 9 e p>i% !re be at lea/ "o c5tral s*ool1 kn[n emphatically z ! ,p>i% or ,gramm> ,s*ool1 & taught by a sup]ior univ]sity-br$ tea*]1 qualifi$ to in/ruct 8 pupils 9 ! high] dep>tm5ts ( le>n+1 & fit !m = college4 ,& ) ?is c5tral in/itute e p>i% mu/ also possess its supplem5t>y ,engli% s*ools1 effici5t ( _! k9d1 ?\gh ( a l[] /&+1 & suffici5tly num]\s to receive all ! y\?ful population ( ! di/rict :i* fails to be accommodat$ 9 ! o!r4 ,9 ^!1 ! *ild ( ! lab\r] or me*anic--if1 possess$ ( b ord9>y p[]s1 he look$ no high] ?an ! pr(ession ( 8 fa!r--c\ld be taught to read1 write1 & figure4 ,if1 h[ev]1 !re awak5$ )9 him dur+ ! process1 ! /irr+s ( ^? impulses :i* *>act]ize ! sup]ior m9d1 he c\ld remove to 8 prop] place--! c5tral s*ool--mayhap1 9 c\ntry di/ricts1 "s two or ?ree miles away2 b :5 ! intellectual impulses are g5u9e1 two or ?ree miles 9 su* cases are easily got ov]4 ,we w\ld fix = ! tea*]s1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 on no v extravagant rate ( remun]ation2 = x might prove bad policy 9 ?is1 z 9 o!r dep>tm5ts1 to set a man above 8 "w4 ,! sal>ies atta*$ at pres5t to our p>i% s*ools v>y f a m9imum ( #be to a maximum ( ab\t #cd4 ,let u suppose t !y v>i$1 in/ead1 f a m9imum ( #fj to a maximum ( #hj--n l>ge sums1 c]ta9ly1 b :i*1 ) ! fees & a free h\se1 w\ld r5d] e p>o*ial s*oolma/] 9 ,scotl& wor? ab\t f #hj to #ajj p] annum1 & 9 "s cases--dep5d5t1 ( c\rse1 on pr(essional effici5cy & ! population ( ! locality--wor? consid]ably m4 ,! supplem5t>y ,engli% s*ools we w\ld place on ! av]age level ma9ta9$ at pres5t by our p>i% s*ools1 by provid+ ! tea*]s ) free h\ses1 & ye>ly sal>ies ( a m9imum ( #cj & a maximum ( #dj4 ,& z x is ( great importance t m5 %\ld n fall asleep at _! po/s1 & z tutors nev] tea* m effici5tly ?an :5 /ra9+ to keep ahead ( _! pupils1 we w\ld fa9 h provision made t1 by a p]mitt$ use ( occasional sub/itutes1 ?is l[] ord] ( s*oolma/]s %\ld be enabl$ to prep>e !mselves1 by att5dance at college1 = compet+1 z vacancies occurr$1 = ! high] s*ools4 ,x w\ld be an arrangem5t wor? #bj additional sal>y to e s*ool 9 ,scotl&1 t ! *annels ( pref]m5t %\ld be ev] kept op5 to useful tal5t & hone/ dilig5ce1 s t ! humble/ ,engli% tea*] 9 ! l& might rise1 9 ! c\rse ( ye>s1 to be at ! head ( its highe/ s*ool2 nay1 t1 l t ,james ,beattie :o taught at "o "t ! p>i% s*ool ( ,=d\n1 he might1 if native faculty _h be5 giv5 & wisely improv$1 become "o ( ! c\ntry's mo/ di/+ui%$ pr(essors4 ,9 fix+ our p]man5t ca/es ( s*ools1 ,gramm> & ,engli%1 we w\ld /rongly urge t !re %\ld be no p]man5t ca/es ( tea*]s fix$--no m5 condemn$ to ! humbl] walks ( ! pr(ession if qualifi$ = ! high]4 ,! life-giv+ sap w\ld ?us h free c\rse1 f ! e>?'s level to ! topmo/ b\ghs ( our national s*eme2 & l[ z an ,engli%man might deem our propos$ rates ( remun]ation = univ]sity-taught m51 we h no fe> t !y w\ld prove insuffici5t1 c\pl$ ) su* a provision1 = ! "r education ( ! c\ntry4 ,we are n sure t we q compreh5d ! sort ( ma*9]y meant to be includ$ "u ! t]m ,local or ,p>o*ial ,bo>ds4 ,x seems necess>y t !re %\ld exi/ ,local ,committees ( ! educational fran*ise-hold]s1 *os5 by !mselves1 f among _! own numb]1 = t]ms ei!r def9ite or indef9ite1 & recognis$ by /atute z ve/$ 9 c]ta9 p[]s ( exam9ation & inquiry4 ,b ?\gh a m]e "n be b a small matt]1 we are incl9$ to reg>d ! t]m ,bo>d z some:at too =midable & /iff4 ,let u1 at lea/ = ! pres5t1 sub/itute ! t]m ,committee2 & z l>ge committees are apt to deg5]ate into little mobs1 &1 z su*1 to conduct _! bus9ess noisily & ill1 let u suppose educational committees to consi/1 9 at lea/ c\ntry di/ricts or ! small] t[ns1 ( "s eight or t5 individuals1 select$ by ! h\sehold]s = _! intellig5ce1 integrity1 & bus9ess habits1 & ) a *airman at _! head1 *os5 f among _! numb] by !mselves4 ,a vacancy occurs1 let u suppose1 9 ei!r ! ,gramm> or "o ( ! ,engli% s*ools ( ! place3 ! committee1 ?r\gh _! *airman1 put !mselves 9 communication ) "s ( ! ,normal s*oolma/]s ( ! s\?1 & receive f !m a few names ( des]v+ & qualifi$ tea*]s1 possess$ ( diplomas indicat+ _! pr(essional /&+1 & furni%$1 besides1 ) tru/wor?y c]tificates ( "*4 ,or1 if ! emolum5ts ( ! vacant s*ool be consid]able1 & "s ( ! neighb\r+ tea*]s1 plac$ on a l[] rate ( income1 h di/+ui%$ !mselves by _! pr(essional m]its1 & s r5d]$ !mselves kn[n 9 ! di/rict1 let u suppose t !y select _! names1 & to ! numb] ( "s two1 ?ree1 f\r1 or m1 submit !m1 ) ! necess>y cr$5tials1 to _! con/itu5ts ! h\sehold]s4 ,& ^! assemble on "s fix$ day1 &1 f ! numb] plac$ on ! li/1 select _! m54 ,su*1 9 ! bus9ess ( elect+ a s*oolma/]1 w\ld1 we hold1 be ! prop] "w ( a committee4 ,9 all o!r seasons1 ! committee might be recognis$ z ve/$ 9 "s ( ! functions n[ ex]cis$ by ! ,e/abli%$ presbyt]ies1 su* z t ( presid+1 9 behalf ( ! p>5tage ( ! locality1 at ye>ly or half-ye>ly exam9ations ( ! s*ools1 & ( wat*+ ov] ! g5]al morals & (ficial conduct ( ! tea*]4 ,b ! p[] ( trial & dismission1 :i*1 ( c\rse1 w\ld ne$ to exi/ some:]e1 we w\ld ve/ 9 o!r h&s4 ,let u rem>k1 9 ! pass+1 t mu* might come to dep5d ultimately on ! portion+ out ( ! localities into electoral di/ricts ( a prop] size1 & t x w\ld be p]haps well1 z a g5]al rule1 t !re %\ld be no subdivisions made ( ! old p>i%es4 ,!re are few p>i%es 9 ,scotl& 9 :i* ! mat]ials ( a good committee might n be f\nd2 b !re are p]haps _m half1 & ?ird1 & qu>t] p>i%es 9 :i* no su* mat]ials exi/4 ,fur!r1 ! h\sehold]s ( "s c\ntry hamlet or degrad$ t[n-suburb1 popul\s en\gh to require its s*ool1 might be yet v unfit ( !mselves to *oose = x a s*oolma/]4 ,& h5ce ! necessity = ma9ta9+ a local bread? ( repres5tation suffici5t to d ju/ice to ! pr9ciple ( ! s*eme1 & to prev5t x1 if we may s speak1 f s9k+ 9 ! less solid p>ts ( ! k+dom4 ,a p>o*ial bread? ( base w\ld s]ve z if to plank ov] ! uns\nd] portions ( ! g5]al surface1 & give foot+ to a sy/em ( s*ools & tea*]s wor?y1 z a :ole1 ( ! "* & ! necessities ( a c\ntry wise & enlight5$ 9 ! ma91 b t tott]s on ! br9k ( a bottomless abyss4 ,! p[] ( try+1 &1 if necess>y1 ( dismiss+ f 8 *>ge1 an (f5d+ tea*]1 w\ld1 h[ev]1 z we h said1 require to exi/ some:]e4 ,e (ficial1 :e!r ( ! ,/ate or ,*ur*1 or :e!r dep5d5t on a s+le employ] or on a corporation or company1 be>s always a tw(old "*4 ,he is a subject ( ! realm1 &1 z su*1 am5able to its laws2 he has also an (ficial responsibility1 & may be reprim&$ or dismiss$ = (f5ces aga9/ ! requirem5ts & duties ( 8 (fice4 ,a tradesman or me*anic may g on tippl+ = ye>s1 wa/+ 8 means & neglect+ 8 bus9ess1 unt\*$ by any law save t great economic law ( ,provid5ce :i* dooms ! wa/] to ultimate want2 b = ! excise (fic]1 or bank acc\ntant1 or railway cl]k1 :o pursues a simil> c\rse1 !re exi/s a c\rt ( (ficial responsibility1 :i* anticipates ! sl[ op]ation ( ! natural law1 by at once dive/+ ! (f5d] ( 8 (fice4 ,& ! ,/ate-paid s*oolma/] mu/ h also 8 (ficial responsibility4 ,b x w\ld s]ve nei!r ! ends ( ju/ice nor ! int]e/s ( a s\nd policy to erect 8 imm$iate employ]s into a c\rt compet5t to try & condemn3 _! prop] place w\ld be r t ( p>ties ?an ( judges2 & z p>ties1 we w\ld p]mit !m simply to conduct aga9/ him any case = :i* !y might hold !re exi/$ prop] gr\nds4 ,a s*oolma/] *os5 by a n l>ge majority1 might f9d 9 a few ye>s t 8 support]s _h dw9dl$ into a positive m9ority3 p>5ts ^: boys 7 c>eless1 or naturally ?ick-head$1 w\ld ( c\rse arrive at ! op9ion t x 0 ! tea*] :o 0 9 fault2 nay1 a p>5t :o _h fall5 into arre>s ) 8 fees might come to ent]ta9 ! design ( dis*>g+ ! acc\nt simply by dis*>g+ ! s*oolma/]2 & ?us great inju/ice might be done to wor?y & effici5t m51 & "o ( ! mo/ important classes ( ! community plac$ 9 circum/ances ( a %ackl$ dep5d5cy1 :i* no "r-m9d$ tea*] c\ld submit to occupy4 ,:at we w\ld propose1 !n1 is1 t ! p[] ( trial1 & ( dismission if necess>y1 %\ld be ve/$ 9 a c5tral national bo>d1 furni%$ ) "o or m sal>i$ function>ies to record its s5t5ces & d its drudg]y1 b consi/+ ma9ly ( unpaid memb]s ( high "* & /&+1--"s ( !m1 mayhap1 memb]s ex (ficio2 ! ,"l ,provo/ ( ,ed9burgh1 let u suppose--! ,pr9cipal & "s ( ! ,pr(essors ( ! ,ed9burgh ,univ]sity--! ,rector1 %all we say1 ( ! ,high ,s*ool--! ,"l ,advocate1 & mayhap ! ,dean ( ,faculty4 ,& z x w\ld be ( importance t !re %\ld be z little new ma*9]y creat$ z possible1 ! evid5ce1 crim9atory or exculpatory1 on :i* su* a bo>d w\ld h to decide c\ld be tak5 be=e ! ,%]iff ,c\rts ( ! prov9ces1 & !n1 aft] be+ c>efully sift$ by ! ,%]iffs or _! ,sub/itutes1 =w>d$ 9 a docum5t>y =m to ,ed9burgh4 ,x w\ld sc>ce be wise to attempt extemporiz+ an (ficial code 9 a newspap] article2 b ! laws ( su* a code might1 we ?9k1 be rang$ "u ?ree heads1--immorality1 incompet5cy1 & brea* ( tru/ to ! p>5ts4 ,we w\ld urge ! dismissal1 z :olly unqualifi$ to /& 9 ! relation ( tea*] to ! y\?head1 ( ! tippl+1 lic5ti\s1 or di%one/ s*oolma/]2 fur!r1 we w\ld urge ! dismissal 7& 9 cases ( ?is k9d ! corroborative evid5ce ( ! ,gov]nm5t inspector might be reg>d$ z indisp5sable7 ( an incompet5t tea*] :o did n s]ve ! purpose ( 8 appo9tm5t2 &1 9 ! ?ird & la/ place1 we w\ld urge t a tea*] :o made an improp] use ( 8 pr(essional influ5ce ov] 8 pupils1 & ( ! opportunities necess>ily af=d$ him1 & :o taught !m to ent]ta9 beliefs1 ecclesia/ical or semi-ecclesia/ical1 :i* _! p>5ts reg>d$ z errone\s1 %\ld be sev]ely reprim&$ = su* an (f5ce 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 & dismiss$ if he p]sev]$ 9 x4 ,we w\ld conf] ^u ! bo>d1 9 cases ( ?is la/ k9d1 no p[] ( decid+ reg>d+ ! absolute "r or wrong ( ! dogmas taught4 ,! tea*] might be a zeal\s ,volunt>y1 :o assur$ ! *ildr5 ( m5 su* z ! writ] ( ^! articles t _! fa!rs1 9 ass]t+ ! ,e/abli%m5t pr9ciple1 approv$ !mselves limbs ( t my/ic ,babylon :i* 0 fir/ f\nd$ by ,con/ant9e2 or he might be a consci5ti\s ,e/abli%m5t-man1 :o dutifully press$ ^u ! ,volunt>y pupils "u 8 c>e1 t _! p>5ts1 ?\gh !y p]haps did n "k x1 7 a!i/ical 9 _! views4 ,& we w\ld p]mit no bo>d to det]m9e 9 su* cases1 :e!r ,volunt>yism 0 9 any respect or degree tantam\nt to a!ism1 or ! ,e/abli%m5t pr9ciple to ,pop]y4 ,b we w\ld ask !m to decl>e1 z wise & hone/ m51 t no s*oolma/]1 "u ! pretext ( a zeal = tru?1 %\ld ) impunity break fai? ) ! p>5ts ( 8 pupils1 or prejudice ! un=m$ & ductile m9ds entru/$ to 8 c>e aga9/ _! h]$it>y beliefs4 ,%\ld we1 h[ev]1 d no viol5ce by su* a provision1 we h he>d x ask$1 to ! consci5ti\s convictions ( ! s*oolma/]8 ,no1 n 9 ! lea/4 ,if he 0 9 reality ! consci5ti\s man t he pr(ess$ to be1 he w\ld quit 8 equivocal position z a tea*]1 9 :i*1 )\t be+ di%one/1 he c\ld n fulfil :at he deem$ 8 religi\s duty1 & become a m9i/]2 a "* 9 :i* he w\ld f9d ,*ur*es )9 :i* he c\ld affirm ) impunity t ,dr4 ,*alm]s 01 9 virtue ( 8 ,e/abli%m5t views1 little bett] ?an a ,papi/1 or t ,rob]t ,hall1 see+ he 0 a ,volunt>y1 mu/ h be5 an unconsci\s a!i/ at bottom4 ,let u next consid] :at ! influ5ce ( ! m9i/]s ( our ,*ur* w\ld be "u a national s*eme su* z t :i* we desid]ate1 & :at ! probability t ! national tea*+ w\ld be religi\s4 ,! m9i/]1 z su*1 w\ld possess1 nom9ally at lea/1 b a s+le vote2 & if he 7 :at an orda9$ m9i/] may 9 "s cases be--m]ely a suit ( black clo!s surm\nt$ by a :ite neckclo?--! vote1 nom9ally "o1 w\ld be also really b "o2 nor ought x1 we at once say1 to weigh 9 su* cases an iota m ?an x c\nt$4 ,m]e black coats & :ite neckclo?s1 ?\gh call$ by congregations1 & lic5s$ & orda9$ by presbyt]ies1 nev] yet c>ri$ on ! prop] bus9ess ( ei!r ,*ur* or s*ool4 ,b if ! m9i/] 0 no m]e suit ( clo!s1 b a ,*ri/ian man1 orda9$ & call$ n m]ely by congregations & presbyt]ies1 b by ,god ,himself1 8 "o vote 9 ! case w\ld outweigh hundr$s1 simply because x w\ld repres5t ! votes ( hundr$s4 ,let u suppose t1 ) ! national s*ools ?r[n op51 a vacancy _h occurr$ 9 ! p>i% s*ool ( ,crom>ty dur+ ! incumb5cy ( ! lam5t$ ,mr4 ,/ew>t4 ,! p ( ! t[n & p>i%1 possess+ ! educational fran*ise1 w\ld meet2 _! committee w\ld delib]ate2 !re w\ld be a tea*] *os51--9 all probability1 ! pres5t excell5t ,free ,*ur* tea*] ( ! t[n2 & e man w\ld feel t he _h ex]cis$ 9 ! election 8 own judgm5t on 8 own prop] responsibility4 ,& yet x w\ld assur$ly be ! tea*] :om ! m9i/] _h deem$ on ! :ole mo/ eligible = ! (fice1 t w\ld f9d himself settl$1 9 virtue ( ! transaction1 9 ! p>i% s*ool4 ,h[8 ,n1 c]ta9ly1 ?r\gh any ex]cise ( cl]ical dom9ation1 nor ?r\gh any employm5t ( :at is /ill m hateful--cl]ical manoeuvre--b 9 virtue ( a widespread confid5ce repos$ by ! p 9 ! wisdom & ! integrity ( ! m9i/] s5t !m by ,god ,himself to prea* to !m ! ev]la/+ gospel4 ,9 almo/ all ! surr\nd+ p>i%es--9 ,resolis1 ,rosske51 ,urquh>t "u ! late ,dr4 ,m',donald1 ,alness1 ,kilte>n1 ,k9c>d9e1 ,kilmuir1 etc4 etc4 etc4--9 simil> cases simil> results w\ld foll[2 & if !re are prea*]s 9 t va/ nor!rn or nor?-we/]n tract--:i*1 ) ! ?ree nor!rn c\nties1 includes also almo/ ! entire ,highl&s--9 :i* su* results w\ld n foll[1 x w\ld be f\nd t 9 mo/ cases ! fault lay r ) ! orda9$ suits ( black1 topp$ by ! :ite neckclo?s1 ?an ) ! p :om !y fail$ to influ5ce4 ,z = ! religion or ! religi\s tea*+ ( ! s*ools1 we hold x to be "o ( ! advantages ( ! propos$ s*eme1 t x w\ld really /ir up bo? m9i/]s & p to ?9k s]i\sly ( ! matt]1 & to secure = ! c\ntry truly religi\s tea*+1 s f> z x 0 f\nd to be at once practicable & good4 ,previ\s to ! ye> #ahdc1 :5 ! p>i% s*ools lay fully )9 our p[]1 !re 0 really no?+ done to introduce religi\s tea*+ into !m2 we _h x all secure on writt5 %eepsk91 t _! tea*+ %\ld & might be religi\s1 = we _h !m all fa/ b\nd to ! ,e/abli%m5t2 &1 z if t 7 en\gh ( itself1 m9i/]s1 back$ by h]itors & _! factors1 w5t on fill+ ^! p>i% s*ools ) m5 :o /ood ! te/ ( ! ,disruption worse1 9 ! proportion ( at lea/ five to "o1 ?an any o!r class 9 ! c\ntry1 & :o1 if _! religi\s tea*+ _h b tak5 effect on ! p by br++ !m to _! own level1 w\ld h r5d]$ t ,disruption :olly an impossibility4#af ,& !n1 :5 t great ev5t occurr$1 we flung ourselves into an opposite extreme1--eulogiz$ our ,educational ,s*eme z ! be/ & mo/ important ( all ! ,s*emes ( our ,*ur*1 on1 we suppose1 ! pr9ciple s well und]/ood by ! old div9es1 t :]eas ! o!r s*emes 7 ( ,god1 & ,god-enjo9$1 ?is s*eme 0 ( ourselves1--introduc$1 fur!r1 ! design ( 'induct+' our tea*]s1 z if an idle c]emony c\ld be any sub/itute = ! indisp5sable commission sign$ by ! ,sov]eign1 & c\ld make ! non-commission$ by ,him at lea/ half ecclesia/ics4#ag ,& !n1 aft] tea*+ our s*oolma/]s to tea* religion1 we s5t !m abroad 9 %oals--"s ( !m1 no d\bt1 conv]t$ m51 hundr$s ( !m unconv]t$1 & religi\s b by c]tificate--to make ! *ildr5 ( ! ,free ,*ur* z good ,*ri/ians z !mselves4 ,& by attempt+ to make !m half ecclesia/ics1 we h b succe$$ 9 mak+ !m half m5dicants1 & some:at m1--a "* :i* assur$ly no effici5t s*oolma/] ought to be>2 = :ile 8 pr(ession holds 9 ,scripture no high] place ?an ! two secul> bran*es ( ! le>n$ pr(essions1 physic & ! law1 he is z c]ta9ly wor?y ( 8 rew>d1 & ( ma9ta9+ an indep5d5t position 9 society1 z ei!r ! lawy] or ! physician4 ,9 s*ools truly national--) no %eepsk9 au?ority to sleep ov] on ! "o h&1 & no idle dream ( semi-ecclesia/ical 'induction' to beguile on ! o!r--! item ( religi\s tea*+1 br\ght into prom95ce by bo? ! ,free & ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur*es 9 ! prelim9>y /ruggle1 w\ld ass]t & receive its due place4 ,scotl& w\ld possess :at x nev] yet possess$1--n ev5 "s tw5ty ye>s or s aft] ! dea? ( ,knox1--a sy/em ( s*ools wor?y1 9 ! ma91 ( a ,*ri/ian c\ntry4 ,we are told by old ,rob]t ,blair1 9 8 ,autobiography1 t :5 fir/ br\ght "u religi\s impressions 79 ! ye> #afjj71 'he dur/ nev] play on ! ,"l's day1 ?\gh ! s*oolma/]1 aft] tak+ an acc\nt ( ! ,cate*ism1 dismiss$ ! *ildr5 ) t express direction1 ,g n to ! t[n1 b to ! fields1 & play4 ,i obey$ him1' adds ! wor?y man1 '9 go+ to ! fields1 b refus$ to play ) my companions1 z aga9/ ! comm&m5t ( ,god4' ,n[ x is n at all /range t !re %\ld h be5 su* a s*oolma/]1 9 any age ( ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*1 9 "o ( ! p>i% s*ools ( our c\ntry2 b some:at /range1 mayhap1 consid]+ ! impression s g5]ally receiv$ reg>d+ ! ,scotti% s*ools ( t p]iod1 t ,blair %\ld h giv5 u no reason :atev] to reg>d ! case z an extreme or exceptional "o4 ,c]ta9ly1 ) su* a c5tral bo>d 9 exi/5ce z t :i* we desid]ate1 no su* type ( s*oolma/] w\ld cont9ue to hold (fice 9 a national sem9>y4 ,fur!r1 x really seems difficult to det]m9e :e!r ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! old educational s*eme ( ,knox & t propos$ at ! pres5t "t by ! ,free ,*ur*1 or ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! circum/ances ( ,scotl& 9 8 days & ( ,scotl& 9 ! pres5t day1 be 9 tru? ! wid] diff]5ce ( ! two4 ,knox judg$ x ( 'necessitie t e sev]al kirk %\ld h "o s*oolma/] appo9t$1'--'su* a "o at lea/ z 0 able to tea* gramm> & ! ,lat9e tongue2' 't !re %\ld be erect$ 9 e notable t[n1' a 'coll$ge1 9 :i* ! arts1 logic1 & rhe?orick1 toge!r ) ! tongues1 %\ld be read by ma/]s1 = :om hone/ /ip5ds %\ld be appo9t$2' & fur!r1 't fair provision %\ld be made = ! support ( ! poor pupils1 9 especial ^? :o came f l&w>d1' & 7 'n able1 by _! fri5ds nor by !mselves1 to be su/a9$ at lett]s4' ,we "k t ! notable t[ns ref]r$ to "h z ( importance en\gh to possess colleges 71 _m ( !m1 :at we w\ld n[ deem f> f notable4 ,kirkwall1 ! ,*anonry ( ,ross1 ,bre*91 ,/4 ,&rews1 ,inv]>y1 ,j$burgh1 & ,dumfries1 are specially nam$ 9 ! li/2 & we "k fur!r1 t :at ,knox deem$ an 'hone/ /ip5d' = a s*oolma/]1 am\nt$ on ! av]age to ab\t two-?irds ! /ip5d ( a m9i/]4 ,su*1 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 0 ! wise s*eme ( ! lib]al & s*ol>ly ,knox1 ! fri5d ( ,calv91 ,beza1 & ,bu*anan4 ,are we to recognise its c\nt]p>t 9 ! middle ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 9 a s*eme at lea/ ?ree-f\r?s ( ^: tea*]s are paid ) ye>ly sal>ies ( f #aj to #ac1 #acs4 #d;d4--ab\t half pl\ghman's wages--& ( :om n a f\r? h pass$ ! ordeal ( a ,gov]nm5t exam9ation1 pit*$ at ! scale ( ! l[e/ rate ( atta9m5t8 ,! s*eme ( ! noble ,knox6 ,say r a _m-r+$ film-sp9n+ grub1 t has come creep+ out ( ! old crackl+ p>*m5t1 9 :i* ! sagaci\s ,re=m] approv$ himself z mu* 9 advance ( 8 own age1 z _m ( ^? :o pr(ess to walk mo/ closely 9 8 /eps demon/rate !mselves to be 9 ! re> ( !irs4 ,let u next m>k h[ entirely ! circum/ances ( ! c\ntry h *ang$ s9ce ! days ( ! ,fir/ ,book ( ,discipl9e4 ,) ! exception ( ! cl]gy1 a few lay proprietors1 & a spr9kl+ ( ! inhabitants ( ! l>g] t[ns1 ,scotl& 0 altoge!r1 9 ! e>li] p]iod1 an un$ucat$ nation4 ,ev5 = m ?an a c5tury aft]1 !re 7 l&$ g5tlem5 ( ! nor!rn c\nties unable1 z %[n by old de$s1 to sign _! names4 ,if ! ,*ur* _h n tak5 ^u h]self ! education ( ! p 9 ^? ages1 :o else 0 !re to tea* !m8 ,n "o4 ,save = h] ex]tions1 ! div9e comm&1 ',se>* ! ,scriptures1' w\ld h rema9$ to at lea/ n9e-t5?s ( ! nation a dead lett]4 ,b h[ entirely diff]5t ! circum/ances ( ,scotl& 9 ! pres5t "t6 ,! c\ntry has its laps$ masses1--m5 9 v mu* ! circum/ances1 educationally1 ( ! great bulk ( ! population 9 ! age ( ,knox2 & we at once grant t1 unless ! ,*ur*es ( ! c\ntry deal ) ^! z ,knox dealt ) ! :ole1 !re is b little *ance ( _! ev] be+ re/or$ to society or ! humaniz+ influ5ces ( religion1 let ,gov]nm5t make = !m :at provision x may4#ah ,b su* is n ! condition ( ! memb]%ip ( at lea/ ! evangelical ,*ur*es4 ,su* is palpably n ! condition ( ! memb]%ip ( ! ,free ,*ur*1 consi/+ z x does ( p>5ts tak5 solemnly b\nd1 9 _! baptismal engagem5ts1 to br+ up _! *ildr5 9 ! 'nurture & admonition ( ! ,"l1' & ( ! *ildr5 = :om !y h be5 ?us tak5 b\nd4 ,save 9 a few exceptional cases1 _! education is secure1 let ! ,*ur* ex]t h]self z little z %e may4 ,%e is b exhau/+ h]self 9 va9 ef=ts to d :at w\ld be done bett] )\t h]4 ,%e has all along contemplat$1 we are told1 m]ely ! education ( h] own memb]s2 & ^! =m exactly t portion ( ! p :i*--unless1 inde$1 ! solemn engagem5ts :i* %e has delib]ately laid ^u !m mean z little z excise affidavits or ,b[ ,/reet oa?s--may be safely left to a broad national s*eme1 wisely bas$ on a pr9ciple ( p>5tal responsibility4 ',if ?\ altoge!r holde/ ?y peace at ?is "t1' said ,mordecai to ,e/h]1 '!n %all !re enl>gem5t & deliv]ance arise to ! ,jews f ano!r place1 b ?\ & ?y fa!r's h\se %all be de/roy$4' ,scotl& w h ultimately h] ,educational ,s*eme adequate to ! dem&s ( ! age2 b if ! ,free ,*ur* /& alo(1 & suff] ! battle to be f\ght by o!rs1 h] "p or lot 9 x may be a v small matt] inde$4 ,:at1 we ask1 w\ld be h] %>e1 especially 9 ! ,highl&s1 9 a s*eme t r5d]$ ! basis ( ! educational fran*ise m]ely co-ext5sive ) ! basis ( ! political "o8 ,nay1 :at1 save p]haps 9 ! nor!rn burghs1 w\ld be h] %>e 9 su* a s*eme ov] ,scotl& g5]ally8 ,a m]e makeweight at be/4 ,b at lea/ ! lay memb]%ip ( ! ,free ,*ur* w1 we are assur$1 n long /& alo(2 & ?is great "q ( national education be+ 9 no degree an ecclesia/ical "o1 nor ly+ )9 ! jurisdiction ( presbyt]ies or assemblies1 true lov]s ( _! c\ntry & ( _! species1 :e!r ( ! ,e/abli%$ or ( ! ,free ,*ur*es1 w come =w>d & d _! duty z ,scot*m5 on ! political plat=m4 ,9 nei!r body does ! attitude assum$ by ! ecclesia/ical elem5t 9 ?is "q1 s f> z has yet be5 indicat$1 appe> ( a k9d :i* pla91 simple-m9d$ laym5 w delight to contemplate4 ,! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur* c\rts are tak+ up ! gr\nd t ! tea*+ 9 _! p>i% s*ools has be5 all along religi\s1 & at lea/ "o great s\rce f :i* has sprung ! vitalities ( ! c\ntry's fai?4 ,& :o does n "k t to be a poor1 unsolid fiction1--a weak & holl[ %am8 ,&1 on ! o!r h&1 "s ( our ,free ,*ur*m5 are ass]t+ t !y are n morally b\nd to _! =lorn tea*]s = ! meagre & altoge!r inadequate sal>ies held out to !m 9 prospect1 :5 !y 7 set d[n 9 _! humble s*ools1 divorc$ f all o!r means ( support1 to regulate _! v limit$ exp5diture by ! specifi$ incomes4 ,fur!r1 !y virtually tell u t we _c possibly take our /& z ,scot*m5 on ?is matt]1 9 ! only practical position1 )\t be+ untrue to our common ,*ri/ianity1 & enemies to our ,*ur*4 ,x has be5 urg$ aga9/ our educational articles1 t we h fail$ to take into acc\nt ! fall ( man3 he w\ld surely be an incorrigible sceptic1 we reply1 :o c\ld look ^u /atem5ts su* z ^!1 & yet dogg$ly p]si/ 9 d\bt+ t man has fall54 ,b1 alas6 x is n a matt] on :i* to congratulate ourselves1 t :5 ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur* is com+ =w>d to arre/ ! progress ( national education ) h] /range equivocal caveat1 ! ,free ,*ur*--! ,*ur* ( ! ,disruption--%\ld be also com+ =w>d ) a caveat :i* at lea/ seems sc>ce less equivocal2 & t1 l ! tw9 giants ( ,guildhall--huge1 mon/r\s1 unreal--bo? alike %\ld be turn+ deaf & wood5 e>s to ! great clock ( de/9y1 z x /rikes ! h\rs ( doom to _! di/ract$ & s9k+ c\ntry4 ,o = an h\r ( ! great1 ! noble-m9d$ ,*alm]s6 ,ultimately1 h[ev]1 ! good cause is secure4 ,x is a cause wor? /ruggl+ & suff]+ =4 ,we "k a little boy1 n yet mu* ( a read]1 :o has le>n$ to br+ a copy ( ,scott's ,tales ( a ,gr&fa!r1 :i* n[ op5s ( itself at ! battle ( ,bannockburn1 to a little girl1 8 si/]1 some:at m 9 advance1 t %e may read to him1 = ! hundr$? "t1 ( ,wallace & ! ,black ,d\glas1 & h[ ! good ,k+ ,rob]t /ruck d[n ,sir ,h5ry ,bohun ) a s+le bl[1 full 9 ! sight ( bo? armies4 ,& aft] dr9k+ 9 ! n>rative1 he tells t1 :5 gr[n to be a big man1 he too is to be a soldi] l ,rob]t ! ,bruce1 & to 'fight 9 ! battle ( ,scotl&4' ,& !n he asks 8 fa!r :5 ! battle ( ,scotl& is to beg96 ,laym5 ( ! ,free ,*ur*1 ! battle ( ,scotl& has already begun2 & 'tis a battle bett] wor? fight+ ?an any o!r :i* has aris5 )9 ! political ar5a s9ce ! times ( ! ,re=m ,bill4 ,y\r c\ntry has /ill claims ^u y3 ! ,disruption may h dissolv$ ! tie :i* b\nd y to p>ty2 b t :i* b9ds y to ,scotl& /ill rema9s entire4 ,! p>5tal "r is n dissolv$ by any tradition>y requirem5ts ( ! alt>2 nor c we urge ) impunity to our c\ntry1--',x is ,corban1 t is to say1 a gift1 by :atsoev] ?\ mighte/ be pr(it$ by me4' ----- #af ,!re are ab\t "o ?\s& "o hundr$ p>i% s*oolma/]s 9 ,scotl&3 ( ^!1 n m ?an eighty 7/rictly1 we believe1 sev5ty-sev57 adh]$ to ! ,free ,*ur* at ! ,disruption4 #ag ,! ,*ur* z su* ought to employ ! s*oolma/]1 x has be5 argu$1 9 virtue ( ! div9e injunction1 ',se>* ! ,scriptures3' :at ,god comm&s m5 to d1 x is h] duty to enable m5 to d4 ,! argum5t is excell5t1 we say1 s f> z x goes2 b ( p]il\s application 9 ! case 9 h&4 ,x is ! ,*ur*'s duty to tea* ^? to read ! ,scriptures1 :o1 )\t h] assi/ance1 w\ld n be taught to read !m4 ,b if by tea*+ ,lat91 ari?metic1 algebra1 & ! ma!matics to t51 %e is incapacitat+ h]self f tea*+ tw5ty to read ! ,bible2 or if1 by tea*+ tw5ty to read ! ,bible :o w\ld h le>n$ to read x :e!r %e taught !m or no1 %e is incapacitat+ h]self f tea*+ tw5ty o!rs to read x1 :o1 unless %e tea* !m1 w nev] le>n to read x at all2 !n1 in/ead ( do+ h] recognis$ duty 9 ! matt]1 %e is do+ exactly ! rev]se ( h] duty--do+ :at prev5ts h] f do+ h] duty4 ,let ! ,free ,*ur* b take h] /& on ?is argum5t1 & /raightway h] rectors1 h] ma/]s 9 academies1 & h] s*oolma/]s plant$ 9 t[ns & popul\s localities1 to tea* ! high] bran*es1 become s _m b>s rais$ by h]self virtually to imp$e & arre/ h]1 ?r\gh ! exp5se incurr$ 9 _! ma9t5ance1 9 h] prop] "w ( enabl+ ! previ\sly untaught & ignorant to read ! ^w ( ,god1 9 ob$i5ce to ! div9e injunction4 #ah ,?is /atem5t has be5 quot$ by an antagoni/ z utt]ly inconsi/5t ) our g5]al l9e ( argum5t2 b we ?9k we may safely leave ! read] to det]m9e :e!r x be really s4 ,did we ev] argue t any s*eme ( national education1 h[ev] p]fect1 c\ld possibly sup]s$e ! prop] mission>y lab\rs ( ! ,*ur*es1 :e!r educational or o!rwise8 ,assur$ly n4 ,:at we really ass]t is1 t if ! ,*ur*es wa/e _! en]gies on "w n mission>y1 ! "w :i*1 if !y d x n1 _c be done mu/ ( necessity be neglect$2 see+ t1 accord+ to ,bacon1 '*>ity w h>dly wat] ! gr\nd :]e x mu/ fir/ fill a pool4' ,,"l ,,br\gham4 ,! hi/ory ( ,"l ,br\gham has no exact p>allel 9 t ( ,briti% /atesm54 ,villi]s ,duke ( ,buck+ham 7! ,duke ( ! times ( ,*>les ,,ii47 sunk q z l[1 b n f su* an elevation4 ,( him too x 0 said1 z ( 8 ,lord%ip1 t 'he left n faction1 b ( t 0 left1'--t e p>ty le>n$ to di/ru/ & /& alo( f him1 & t 8 great p>ts _h only ! effect ( r5d]+ 8 ultimate degradation ! m m>k$ & ! m in/ructive4 ,hume tells u t by 8 'wild conduct1 unre/ra9$ ei!r by prud5ce or pr9ciple1 he f\nd means to r5d] himself 9 ! end odi\s1 & ev5 insignificant4' ,b ! ,duke ( ,buck+ham _h be5 a m]e c\rti] f ! beg9n+1 & no man _h ev] tru/$ or ?\ght well ( him4 ,bol+broke be>s a ne>ly simil> "*4 ,!re 0 a mighty diff]5ce betwe5 ! influ5tial & able m9i/] ( ,que5 ,anne1 recognis$ by all z decid$ly "o ( ! mo/ accompli%$ /atesm5 ( 8 age or c\ntry1 & ! same individual1--=lorn & an exile1 dislik$ & suspect$ by p>ties ! mo/ opposite1 & :o agre$ 9 no?+ else1--a fugitive f 8 own c\ntry to avoid ! ?reat5$ impea*m5t ( ! ,:igs = 8 ,jacobitism1 & a fugitive f ,france to avoid be+ impea*$ by ! ,pret5d] = 8 trea*]y4 ,b ,bol+broke _h nev] v s]i\sly pr(ess$ to be ! fri5d ( 8 c\ntry1 nor w\ld 8 c\ntry h believ$ him if he _h4 ,accord+ to ! %rewd rem>k ( ,field+1 ! temporal happ9ess1 ! civil lib]ties & prop]ties ( ,europe1 _h be5 ! game ( 8 e>lie/ y\?1 & ! et]nal & f9al happ9ess ( all mank9d ! sport & ent]ta9m5t ( 8 advanc$ age4 ,he w\ld h fa9 de/roy$ ! fre$om ( 8 c\ntrym5 :5 9 p[]1 & _! hope ( immortality :5 9 disgrace4 ,nei!r c we f9d a p>allel 9 ! hi/ory ( t o!r ,"l ,*ancellor ( ,engl&1 :o has be5 describ$ by ! poet z '! greate/1 wise/1 meane/ ( mank9d4' ,two ( ! epi!ts w\ld n suit ,"l ,br\gham2 & ?\gh he unque/ionably bore himself m hon\rably 9 ! season ( 8 elevation ?an 8 illu/ri\s pr$ecessor1 he has z c]ta9ly employ$ himself to worse purpose 9 ! "t ( 8 disgrace4 ,unlike ,lords ,bol+broke1 ,buck+ham1 or ,bacon1 ,"l ,br\gham ent]$ public life a re=m] & a patriot4 ,! subject ( 8 fir/ successful spee* 9 ,p>liam5t 0 ! slave-trade4 ,he d5\nc$ n only ! abom9able traffic itself1--! m5 :o /ole1 b\ght1 & kept ! slave2 b also ! trad]s & m]*ants1--'! c[>dly suborn]s ( piracy & m]c5>y murd]1' z he t]m$ !m1 "u ^: remote influ5ce ! trade _h be5 c>ri$ on2 & ! sympa?ies ( ! p w5t along ) him4 ,he 0 on e occasion1 too1 ! p[]ful advocate ( popul> education4 ,br\gham is no discov]] ( great tru?s2 b he has ev9c$ a 'curi\s felicity' 9 express+ tru?s already discov]$3 he ex]t$ himself 9 s5d+ '! s*oolma/] abroad1' & ann\nc$ ! fact 9 words :i* became m truly 8 motto ?an ! motto f\nd = him 9 ! ,h]ald's ,(fice4 ,he took "p 9 well-nigh e "q ( re=m2 /ood up = economy1 ! r$uction ( taxes1 & ,que5 ,c>ol9e2 f\nd v vigor\s ,engli% 9 :i* to express all he ought to h felt reg>d+ ! ,holy ,alliance & ! massacre at ,man*e/]2 & dealt ) ,cobbett z ,cobbett des]v$1 = do+ :at he is n[ do+ himself4 ,!re 0 always a lack ( he>t ab\t ,br\gham1 s t m5 admir$ )\t lov+ him4 ,!re 7 no spontane\s exhibitions ( ^? nobl5esses ( nature :i* m>k ! true re=m]1 & :i* compel ! respect ( ev5 enemies4 ,lu!r1 ,knox1 & ,&rew ,?omson 7 all m5 ( rugg$ /r5g?1--m5 ( w>1 & born to cont5d2 b !y 7 also m5 ( deep & broad sympa?ies1 & ( k9dly affections3 !y c\ld all feel z well z see ! "r2 :at is ev5 m important /ill1 !y c\ld all ?or\ghly =get !mselves1 & :at ! _w ?\ght & said ( !m1 9 ! pursuit ( "s great & engross+ object3 !y c\ld all love1 too1 at lea/ z s9c]ely z !y c\ld hate4 ,br\gham1 on ! contr>y1 c\ld only see )\t feel+ ! "r2 b !n he saw cle>ly4 ,br\gham c\ld n =get himself2 b !n he succe$$ 9 id5tify+ himself ) mu* t 0 truly excell5t4 ,br\gham c\ld n love z ?or\ghly z he c\ld hate2 b !n 8 indignation g5]ally fell :]e x ought4 ,8 l>ge intellect seem$ bas$ on an inf]ior nature--x 0 a brilliant set 9 lead2 nor 7 !re indications want+ all along1 x has be5 said1 t he 0 "o ( ^? patriots :o h _! price4 ,b ! brilliant 0 a true1 n a factiti\s brilliant1 :atev] ! value ( ! sett+2 & ! price1 if ev] pr(f]$1 _h n be5 suffici5tly l>ge4 ,br\gham became ,"l ,*ancellor1 ! ,re=m ,bill pass$ into a law1 & slav]y 0 aboli%$ 9 ! colonies4 ,! c\ntry has n yet =gott5 t ! ,"l ,*ancellor ( #ahcb & ! two foll[+ ye>s 0 no wild ,radical4 ,!re 0 no leav5 ( ,*>tism 9 ,"l ,br\gham1 ?\gh a v consid]able da% ( ecc5tricity2 & really1 = a man :o _h be5 cont5d+ s _m ye>s 9 ! ,opposition1 & :o _h atta9$ to s ?or\gh a comm& ( s>casm1 he le>n$ to enact ! c\rti] wond]fully well4 ,nei!r ',tompk9s' nor ',j5k9s' _h z yet manife/$ _! contempt = ! ari/ocracy2 nor _h ! 'man well /rick5 9 ye>s' writt5 anonym\s lett]s to insult 8 sov]eign4 ,! univ]sal suffrage s*eme f\nd no advocate 9 ! ,"l ,*ancellor4 ,he c\ld call on ,cobbett 9 8 *>iot1 to attempt p]suad+ ! /ubborn old ,saxon to write d[n inc5di>ism & ma*9e-break+4 ,he brea!d no anticipation ( ! 'fir/ *e] ( ! p on ! fir/ refusal ( ! soldi]y to fire on !m4' ,z = ,re=m1 he 0 v explicit on t head3 really s mu* _h be5 accompli%$ already1 t a great deal m c\ld n be expect$4 ,little c\ld be done 9 ! com+ ye>s1 he said1 j because !re _h be5 s mu* done 9 ! ye>s t _h gone by4 ,! ,"l ,*ancellor 0 comp>atively a cauti\s & prud5t man 9 ^? days--on ! :ole1 a safe c>d = mon>*y to play )4 ,radicalism _h le>n$ t ,:igs 9 (fice are n v unlike ,tories 9 (fice2 & to ,br\gham x appli$ ! rem>k3 nor 0 he at all indignant t x did s4 ,all 8 sup]abundant en]gies 7 exp5d$ 9 ,*anc]y4 ,we unluckily miss$ he>+ him deliv] 8 fam\s spee* at ,inv]ness1 & t m]ely by an unt[>d *ance1 = we 7 9 t "p ( ! c\ntry at ! "t2 b we h se5 & conv]s$ ) scores :o did he> him3 we are intimate1 too1 ) ! g5tleman :o gave 8 spee* on t occasion to ! _w1 & "k t a m fai?ful or m accompli%$ report] ?an ! editor ( ! ,inv]ness ,c\ri] is n to be f\nd any:]e1 nor yet a man ( nic] discrim9ation1 nor ( a f9] lit]>y ta/e4 ,!re 0 no mi/ake made reg>d+ 8 ,lord%ip's s5tim5ts :5 he spoke ( ! ,re=m ,bill z well-nigh a f9al measure2 nor did 8 delight 9 ! simple-m9d$ natives arise :5 he pl$g$ himself to recomm5d !m1 by ! ev5+ mail1 to ! graces ( good ,k+ ,william1 f _! wi%+ ! bill to be any?+ else ?an f9al4 ,ev5 ) its limit$ fran*ise1 he deem$ x a v excell5t bill2 & ! woolsack1 to :i* x _h elevat$ him1 a v desirable seat4 ,p did occasionally see t ,hazlitt 0 9 ! "r--t he 0 r a man ( spee* ?an ( action2 t he 0 some:at too imprud5t = a lead]1 some:at too petulant = a p>tisan2 & t he want$ 9 a consid]able degree ! pr9ciple ( co-op]ation4 ,b ,*a?am want$ x q z mu* z he2 & x 0 deem$ invidi\s to measure s accompli%$ a man1 & s sworn a fri5d ( peace & good ord]1 by ! m9ut] rules4 ,b ,napoleon %\ld h di$ at ,wat]loo1 ,br\gham at ,dunrob94 ,:at is ex-,*ancellor ,br\gham n[8 ,:at p>ty tru/s to him8 ,:at section ( ! community does he repres5t8 ,fro/ _h 8 confid+ fri5ds & foll[]s1 & ,fe>gus ,o',connor l$ a num]\s & =midable body4 ,ev5 ,sir ,william ,c\rt5ay _h 8 disciples4 ,:]e are ,br\gham's disciples8 ,:at moral influ5ce does ! advocate ( popul> education1 & ! indignant d5\nc] ( ! iniquities ( ! slave-trade1 ex]t8 ,9 :at age or :at c\ntry 0 !re ev] a man s 'left by faction8' ,! ,socialism ( ,engl& & ! ,volunt>yism ( ,ed9burgh entru/ him ) _! petitions1 & ,*>tism /&s on tiptoe :5 he rises 9 8 place to advocate univ]sal suffrage2 b no "o confides 9 him4 ,ow5 does n1 nor ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,m>%all ( ,kirk9tillo*1 nor yet ! conspirators ( ,%effield or ,newport4 ,toryism sc>cely ?anks him = fight+ its battles2 ,:iggism abhors him4 ,!re is no "o cr$ul\s en\gh to believe t 8 aims rise any high] ?an himself1 or bl9d en\gh n to see t ev5 8 selfi%ness is s ill-regulat$ z to defeat its own little object4 ,8 lack ( ! high] s5tim5ts1 ! m g5]\s feel+s1 ! nobl] aims1 neutralizes ev5 8 intellect4 ,he publi%es 8 spee*es1 c>efully solicit\s ( 8 fame1 & provokes comp>ison 9 lab\r$ diss]tations ) ! oratory ( ,demo/h5es & ,cic]o2 he eulogizes ! ,duke ( ,well+ton1 & dem&s by inf]5ce :e!r he _c praise z classically z ev5 ! anci5ts !mselves2 b 8 he>tless ?\gh well-modulat$ eloqu5ce l+]s 9 fir/ editions1 l ! effusions ( inf]ior m9ds2 nor is x ( a k9d :i* ! '_w w f9d aft] _m days4' ,br\gham w be less kn[n sixty ye>s h5ce ?an ! play] ,g>rick is at pres5t4 ,bol+broke1 :5 ?r[n out ( all public employm5t-gagg$1 dis>m$1 %ut out f ! possibility ( a return to (fice1 suspect$ alike by ! ,gov]nm5t & ! ,opposition1 & ?or\ghly dislik$ by ! p to boot--c\ld yet solace himself 9 8 uneasy & unhon\r$ retirem5t by ex]t+ himself to write d[n ! ,m9i/ry4 ,& 8 ,craftsm5 sold ev5 m rapidly ?an ! ,spectator itself4 ,b ! writ+s ( ,br\gham d n sell2 he lacks ev5 ! solace ( ,bol+broke4 ,we h said t 8 hi/ory is )\t p>allel 9 t ( ,brita94 ,napoleon on 8 rock 0 a less melan*oly object3 ! imprison$ w>rior _h lo/ none ( 8 orig9al p[]--he 0 no moral suicide2 ! millions ( ,france 7 /ill devot$ly atta*$ to him1 & h] armies w\ld /ill h foll[$ him to battle4 ,x 0 no total =feiture ( "* on 8 own "p t _h r5d]$ him s utt]ly p[]less ei!r = good or ill4 ,july #h1 #ahdj4 ,,! ,,scott ,,monum5t4 ,! f\ndation-/one ( ! metropolitan monum5t 9 memory ( ,sir ,walt] ,scott 0 laid ) masonic hon\rs on ,saturday la/4 ,! day 0 pleasant1 & ! pageant impos+4 ,all bus9ess seem$ susp5d$ = ! "t2 ! %ops 7 %ut4 ,! "o half ( ,ed9burgh _h p\r$ into ! /reets1 & =m$ by no means ! lea/ int]e/+ "p ( ! spectacle4 ,e w9d[ & balcony t ov]look$ ! procession1 e h\se-top almo/1 _h its cr[d ( spectators4 ,accord+ to ! poet1 ',rank beh9d rank1 close w$g$1 hung belly+ o'er2' :ile ! area bel[1 = _m hundr$ y>ds on ei!r side ! int5d$ site ( ! monum5t1 pres5t$ a cont9u\s sea ( heads4 ,we m>k$1 among ! flags exhibit$1 ! ,royal ,/&>d ( ,scotl&1 app>5tly a piece ( v5]able antiquity1 = ! field ( gold _h deg5]at$ into a field ( drab1 & ! figure 9 ! c5tre %[$ less ( leon9e nobl5ess ?an ( art 9 t imp]fect /ate 9 :i* m5 are fa9 to cont5t !mselves ) semblances d\btful & inexpressive1 & less ?an half ! result ( *ance4 ,! entire pageant 0 su* a "o z ,sir ,walt] himself c\ld p]haps h improv$4 ,he w\ld n h fir$ s _m guns 9 ! holl[1 & ! grey old ca/le s ne>3 he w\ld h f\nd means1 too1 to prev5t ! cr[d f s ne>ly swall[+ up ! procession4 ,p]haps no man _h ev] a f9] eye = pictorial effect ?an ,sir ,walt]1 :e!r art or nature suppli$ ! sc5e4 ,x has be5 well said t he r5d]$ ,abbots=d a romance 9 /one & lime1 & imp>t$ to ! k+'s visit to ,scotl& ! int]e/ & dignity ( an epic poem4 ,/ill1 h[ev]1 ! pageant 0 an impos+ "o1 & illu/rat$ happily ! influ5ce ( a great & orig9al m9d1 ^: en]gies _h be5 employ$ 9 enri*+ ! national lit]ature1 ov] an educat$ & intellectual p4 ,x is a bad matt] :5 a c\ntry is employ$ 9 build+ monum5ts to ! memory ( m5 *iefly rem>kable = knock+ o!r m5 on ! head2 x is a bad matt]1 too1 :5 x builds monum5ts to ! memory ( m]e c\rti]s1 ( :om n mu* m c be said ?an t :5 !y liv$ !y _h places & p5sions to be/[1 & t !y be/[$ !m on _! fri5ds4 ,we _c ?9k s ill1 h[ev]1 ( ! homage paid to g5ius4 ,! ,masonic ,bre?r5 ( ! sev]al lodges mu/]$ 9 great numb]s4 ,x has be5 /at$ t m ?an a ?\s& took "p 9 ! procession4 ,col]idge1 9 8 curi\s & highly orig9al "w1 ,! ,fri5d--a "w :i*1 f its nature1 nev] c become popul>1 b :i*1 ?\gh x may be =gott5 = a "t1 w infallibly be dug up & br\ght into public view 9 ! future z an unique fossil impression ( an ext9ct ord] ( m9d--ref]s to a bygone class ( me*anics1 'to :om e trade 0 an allegory1 & _h its gu>dian sa9t4' ',b ! "t has gone by1' he /ates1 '9 :i* ! details ( e art 7 ennobl$ 9 ! eyes ( its pr(essors by be+ spiritually improv$ into symbols & mem5toes ( all doctr9es & all duties4' ,we c\ld h>dly ?9k s z we /ood wat*+ ! procession1 ) its curi\sly fanta/ic accumulation ( ornam5t & symbol2 x seem$1 h[ev]1 r ! relic ( a =m] age ?an ! natural gr[? ( ! pres5t--a spectre ( ! pa/ /rangely resuscitat$4 ,! laugh1 half 9 ridicule1 half 9 good nature1 ) :i* ! cr[d greet$ e v gaudily dress$ memb]1 ri*] 9 symbol & obsolete f9]y ?an 8 neighb\r1 %[$ t ! day _h pass$ 9 :i* su* ?+s c\ld produce _! orig9ally int5d$ effect4 ,w ! "t ev] arrive 9 :i* />s & g>t]s w claim z little respect z broad-skirt$ d\blets ( gre5 velvet1 surm\nt$ ) ?ree-corn]$ hats tagg$ ) silv] lace8 ,mu*1 we suppose1 mu/ dep5d ^u ! *>act]s ( ^? :o we> !m1 & ! k9d ( s]vices on :i* !y w come to be be/[$4 ,an ,upp] ,h\se ( m]e diplomati/s--skilful only to ov]rea*--imprud5t en\gh to sub/itute cunn+ = wisdom--ignorant en\gh to deem ! p n m]ely _! inf]iors 9 rank1 b 9 disc]nm5t also--weak en\gh to believe t laws may be enact$ ) no reg>d to ! g5]al good--wrapp$ up 9 !mselves1 & acqua9t$ ) ! masses only ?r\gh _! eavesdropp]s & dep5dants--w\ld br+ titles & ord]s to a l[] level 9 half an age1 ?an ! onw>d progress ( intellect has br\ght ! qua9tnesses ( me*anic symbol & my/]y 9 two full c5turies4 ,we b smile at ! "o1 we w\ld le>n to execrate ! o!r4 ,has ! read] ev] se5 ,qu>les' ,emblems1 or ,flavel's ,husb&ry & ,navigation ,spiritualiz$8 ,bo? belong to an ext9ct species ( lit]ature1 ( :i* ! me*anic my/]ies describ$ by ,col]idge1 & exhibit$ 9 ! procession ( ,saturday la/1 /rongly rem9d u4 ,bo? alike proce$$ on a process ( m9d ! rev]se ( ! common4 ,comp>ison g5]ally leads f ! moral to ! physical1 f ! ab/ract to ! visible & ! tangible2 "h1 on ! contr>y1 ! tangible & ! visible--! emblem & ! symbol--7 made to lead to ! moral & ! ab/ract4 ,!re are beautiful in/ances1 too1 ( ! same s*ool 9 ! allegories ( ,bunyan1--! wond]s 9 ! h\se ( ! ,int]pret]1 = in/ance1 & ! sc5es exhibit$ 9 ! cave ( ! 'man nam$ ,contemplation4' ,sir ,walt]'s monum5t w h "o great m]it1 reg>d$ z a piece ( art4 ,x w be entirely an orig9al1--su* a piece ( ar*itecture z he himself w\ld h delight$ to describe1 & ! description ( :i* he1 & he only1 c\ld h sublim$ into poetry4 ,!re is a *a/e & noble beauty 9 ! =ms ( ,greek & ,roman ar*itecture :i* consorts well ) ! classic lit]ature ( ^? c\ntries4 ,! compositions ( ,sir ,walt]1 on ! contr>y1 resemble :at he s mu* lov$ to describe--! ri* & fanta/ic ,go?ic1 at times ludicr\sly unc\?1 at times exquisitely beautiful4 ,!re are n f9] passages 9 all 8 writ+s ?an "s ( 8 ar*itectural descriptions4 ,h[ exquisite is 8 ,melrose ,abbey1--! ext]nal view 9 ! cold1 pale moon%9e1 ',:5 buttress & buttress alt]nately ,seem$ =m$ ( ebon & ivory2' int]nally1 :5 ! /range light broke f ! wiz>d's tomb6 ,:o1 l ,sir ,walt]1 c\ld draw a mullion$ w9d[1 ) its 'foliag$ trac]y1' its 'freaki% knots1' its po9t$ & m\ld$ ar*1 & its dy$ & pictur$ panes8 ,we pass$1 ( late1 an h\r amid ! ru9s ( ,cri*ton1 & sc>ce knew :e!r mo/ to admire ! f9e old ca/le itself1 s wor?y ( its poet1 or ! exquisite picture ( x we f\nd 9 ,m>mion4 ,sir ,walt]'s monum5t w\ld be a monum5t )\t "*1 if x 7 o!r ?an ,go?ic4 ,/ill1 h[ev]1 we h our fe>s = ! effect4 ,9 portrait-pa9t+ !re is ! full life-size1 & a size mu* small]1 & bo? suit ne>ly equally well1 & appe> equally natural2 b ! int]m$iate sizes d n suit4 ,make ! portrait j a v little less ?an ! natural size1 & x seems n ! r$uc$ portrait ( a man1 b ! full-siz$ portrait ( a dw>f4 ,n[ a simil> pr9ciple seems to obta9 9 ,go?ic ar*itecture4 ,! same design :i* /rikes z beautiful 9 a model--! piece :i*1 if execut$ 9 sp>1 & ) a glass cov] ov] x1 w\ld be reg>d$ z exquisitely ta/eful--w\ld impress1 :5 execut$ on a l>ge scale1 z gr& & magnific5t 9 ! fir/ degree4 ,& yet ?is id5tical design1 9 an int]m$iate size1 w\ld possibly en\gh be pron\nc$ a failure4 ,m$iocrity 9 size is fatal to ! ,go?ic1 if x be a ri*ly ornam5t$ ,go?ic2 nor are we sure t ! noble design ( ,mr4 ,kemp is to be execut$ on a scale suffici5tly ext5d$4 ,we are r afraid n1 b ! result w %[4 ,su* a monum5t a hundr$ y>ds 9 height w\ld be "o ( ! f9e/ ?+s p]haps 9 ,europe4 ,:at has ,sir ,walt] done = ,scotl&1 to des]ve s gorge\s a monum5t8 ,assur$ly n all he might h done2 & yet he has done mu*--m1 9 "s respects1 ?an any o!r m]ely lit]>y man ! c\ntry ev] produc$4 ,he has int]e/$ ,europe 9 ! national "*1 & 9 "s correspond+ degree 9 ! national welf>e2 & ?is ( itself is a v important matt] inde$4 ,%akespe>e--p]haps ! only writ] :o1 9 ! del9eation ( "*1 takes prec$5ce ( ! au?or ( ,wav]ley--seems to h be5 less int5sely imbu$ ) ! love ( c\ntry4 ,x is q possible = a =eign] to luxuriate ov] 8 dramas1 z ! ,g]mans are said to d1 )\t lov+ ,engli%m5 any ! bett] 9 consequ5ce1 or respect+ !m any ! m4 ,b ! ,european celebrity ( ! fictions ( ,sir ,walt] mu/ h _h ! inevitable effect ( rais+ ! "* ( 8 c\ntry1--its "* z a c\ntry ( m5 ( l>ge gr[?1 morally & intellectually4 ,besides1 x is natural to ?9k ( =eign]s z m]e ab/ractions2 & h5ce "o cause at lea/ ( ! indiff]5ce ) :i* we reg>d !m1--an indiff]5ce :i* ! fir/ slight misund]/&+ conv]ts into ho/ility4 ,x is some?+ t[>ds a m g5]al diffusion ( goodwill to be enabl$ to conceive ( !m z m5 ) all ^? sympa?ies ( human nature1 on :i* ! correspond+ sympa?ies lay hold1 w>m & vigor\s ab\t !m4 ,n[1 9 ?is aspect has ,sir ,walt] pres5t$ 8 c\ntrym5 to ! _w4 ,:]ev] 8 writ+s are kn[n1 a ,scotsman c be no m]e ab/raction2 & 9 bo? ^! respects has ! poet & noveli/ des]v$ well ( 8 c\ntry4 ,)9 ! c\ntry itself1 too1 8 great nationality1 l t ( ,burns1 has _h a decid$ly fav\rable effect4 ,! cosmopolism s fa%ionable among a c]ta9 class ab\t ! middle ( ! la/ c5tury1 0 b a mock virtue1 & a v dang]\s "o4 ,! 'citiz5 ( ! _w1' if he be n a m]e pret5d]1 is a man to be def9$ by negatives4 ,x is improp] to say he loves all m5 alike3 he is m]ely equally indiff]5t to all4 ,no?+ c be m absurd ?an to oppose ! love ( c\ntry to ! love ( race4 ,! latt] exi/s b z a wid] diffusion ( ! =m]4 ,d we n "k t human nature1 9 its absolute p]fection1 & bl5t ) ! absolute & inf9ite p]fection ( ,deity1 indulg$ 9 ! love ( c\ntry8 ,! ,savi\r1 :5 ,he took to ,himself a human he>t1 wept ov] ! city ( ,8 fa!rs4 ,n[1 x is well t ?is _s %\ld be fo/]$1 n 9 its h>% & exclusive1 b 9 its human & m *>itable =m4 ,lib]ty _c long exi/ ap>t f x4 ,! _s ( w> & aggression is yet abroad3 !re are laws to be e/abli%$1 rights to be def5d$1 invad]s to be repuls$1 tyrants to be depos$4 ,& :o b ! patriot is equal to ^! ?+s8 ,h[ 0 ! cry ( ',scotl& = ev]' respond$ to at ,wat]loo1 :5 ! ,scots ,greys broke ?r\gh a column ( ! enemy to ! rescue ( _! c\ntrym51 & ! ,highl&]s levell$ _! bayonets = ! *>ge6 ,a p _c survive )\t ! national _s1 except z slaves4 ,! man :o adds to ! vig\r ( ! feel+ at ! same "t t he less5s its exclusiv5ess1 des]ves well ( 8 c\ntry2 & :o c d\bt t ,sir ,walt] has done s8 ,! sympa?ies ( ,sir ,walt]1 despite 8 high ,tory pr$ilections1 7 m fav\rable to ! p z su* ?an ^? ( ,%akespe>e4 ,if ! /ation be l[ among ! *>act]s ( ! dramati/1 x is an inv>iable rule t ! /yle ( ?9k+ & ( s5tim5t is l[ also4 ,! humble wool-comb] ( ,/rat=d-on-,avon1 possess$ ( a m9d m capaci\s beyond comp>ison ?an ! m9ds ( all ! nobles & mon>*s ( ! age1 introduc$ no su* man z himself into 8 dramas--no su* m5 z ,bunyan or ,burns1--m5 l[ 9 place1 b k+ly 9 intellect4 ,n s1 h[ev]1 ! ari/ocratic ,sir ,walt]4 ,!re is sc>cely a f9] "* 9 all 8 writ+s ?an ! y\?ful peasant ( ,gl5de>g1 ,halb]t ,gl5d9n+1 aft]w>ds ! noble knight ( ,av5el1 brave & wise1 & alike fitt$ to lead 9 ! c\ncils ( a great mon>*1 or to c>ry 8 bann] 9 w>4 ,8 bro!r ,edw>d is sc>cely a l[] "*4 ,& :5 0 unsulli$ integrity 9 a humble condition plac$ 9 an attitude m suit$ to comm& respect & reg>d1 ?an 9 ! p]son ( ,jeanie ,deans8 ,a man ( a l[] nature1 wrapt r\nd by ! vulg> prejudices ( rank1 c\ld n h conceiv$ su* a "*3 he w\ld h transf]r$ to x a portion ( 8 own vulg>ity1 dress$ up 9 a few borr[$ peculi>ities ( habit & phraseology4 ,ev5 ! "* ( ,jeanie's fa!r lies q z mu* beyond ! ord9>y rea*4 ,m5 su* z ,%]idan1 ,field+1 & ,foote1 w\ld h repres5t$ him z a hypocrite--a feeble & unnatural mixture ( bas5ess & cunn+4 ,sir ,walt]1 ) all 8 prejudices & all 8 antipa?ies1 n only bett] knew ! national type1 b he _h a m compreh5sive m9d2 & he drew ,david ,deans1 !re=e1 z a man ( /]n & inflexible integrity1 & z ?or\ghly s9c]e 9 8 religion4 ,n b t 9 ?is dep>tm5t he committ$ great & griev\s mi/akes4 ,! ma9 doctr9e ( revelation1 ) its influ5ce on "*--t doctr9e ( reg5]ation :i* our ,savi\r promulgat$ to ,nicodemus1 & en=c$ ) ! sanctity ( an oa?--0 a doctr9e ( :i* he knew almo/ no?+4 ,:at has ! fir/ place 9 all ! allegories ( ,bunyan1 has no place 9 ! fictions ( ,sir ,walt]4 ,none ( 8 *>act]s exhibit ! *ange display$ 9 ! life ( ! +5i\s allegori/ ( ,el/on1 or ( ,james ,g>d5]1 or ( ,john ,newton4 ,he f\nd human nature a t]ra incognita :5 x came "u ! influ5ce ( grace2 & 9 ?is t]ra incognita1 ! field 9 :i* he c\ld only grope1 n see1 8 way1 well-nigh all 8 mi/akes 7 committ$4 ,b _h 8 native hone/y be5 less1 8 mi/akes w\ld h be5 great]4 ,he f9ds good ev5 among ,*ri/ians4 ,:at c be f9] ?an ! "* ( 8 ,cov5ant]'s wid[1 /&+ out z x does 9 ! mo/ exceptionable ( all 8 works1--! bl9d & desolate woman1 meek & =giv+ 9 h] utmo/ di/ress1 :o _h se5 h] sons %ot be=e h] eyes1 & _h !n ceas$ to see m8 ,our subject1 h[ev]1 is "o :i* we mu/ be cont5t n to exhau/4 ,,! ,,late ,,mr4 ,,kemp4 ,! fun]al ( ?is hapless man ( g5ius took place ye/]day1 & excit$ a deep & v g5]al int]e/1 9 :i* !re m+l$ ! natural sorr[ = high tal5t prematurely ext+ui%$1 ) ! feel+ ( pa9ful regret1 awak5$ by a peculi>ly melan*oly end4 ,x 0 num]\sly att5d$1 & by _m di/+ui%$ m54 ,! sev]al /reets ?r\gh :i* x pass$ 7 cr[d$ by sadd5$ spectators--9 "s few localities v d5sely2 & ! w9d[s ov]head 7 mu* ?rong$4 ,at no place 0 ! cr[d great]1 except p]haps imm$iately surr\nd+ ! bury+-gr\nd1 ?an at ! fatal op5+ beside ! ,canal ,bas91 into :i* ! un=tunate man _h turn$ f ! direct road 9 ! d>kness ( night1 & _h f\nd dea? at its t]m9ation4 ,! sc5e ( ! accid5t is a gloomy & s+ul>ly unpleasant spot4 ,a high wall1 p]=at$ by a l[1 clumsy ar*way1 closes abruptly :at ! /rang] might deem a ?or\ghf>e4 ,!re is a piece ( sluggi%1 /agnant wat] on ! "o h&1 ?ick & turbid1 & some:at resembl+ 9 =m & col\r a broad muddy highway1 l9$ by l[ walls2 n a tuft ( vegetation is to be se5 on its tame rectil9e> sides3 all is slimy & br[n1 ) "h & !re dank1 muddy recesses1 z if = ! frog & ! rat2 :ile on ! damp flat above1 !re lie1 some:at 9 ! /yle ( ! gr\p+ 9 a ,dut* pa9t+1 ! rott+ fragm5ts ( canal passage-boats & coal-b>ges1 ) "h & !re "s brok5-back$ hulk1 muddy & gre51 ! timb]s pe]+ out ?r\gh ! plank+1 & all ar\nd heaps ( ! nameless lumb] ( a des]t$ boat-y>d4 ,! l[1 clumsy ar*way is :olly occupi$ by a n>r[ bran* ( ! canal1--br[n & clay-l z ! ma9 trunk1 f :i* x /rikes (f at ne>ly "r angles4 ,x /ruck u =cibly1 9 exam9+ ! place1 t 9 ! unc]ta9 light ( midnight1 ! flat1 dead wat] mu/ h resembl$ an ord9>y c>t-road1 lead+ ?r\gh ! ar*$ op5+ 9 ! direction ( ! un=tunate ar*itect's dwell+2 & c]ta9ly at ?is spot1 j :]e he might be suppos$ to h /epp$ ^u ! seem+ road "u ! fatal impression1 0 ! body f\nd4 ,x _h be5 int5d$1 z ! fun]al lett]s bore1 to int] ! body ( ,mr4 ,kemp 9 ! vault "u ! ,scott ,monum5t1--a /ructure :i*1 erect$ to d hon\r to ! g5ius ( "o illu/ri\s ,scotsman1 w be long recognis$ z a pr\d trophy ( ! f9e ta/e & vigor\s tal5t ( ano!r4 ,! arrangem5t 0 n )\t prec$5t2 & _h x be5 possible = ,sir ,walt] to h anticipat$ x1 we d n ?9k x w\ld h greatly displeas$ him4 ,! ,egyptian ar*itect inscrib$ ! "n ( 8 k+ly ma/] on b ! pla/] ( ! pyramid1 :ile he engrav$ 8 own on ! endur+ granite und]nea?2 & s ! "n ( ! k+ has be5 lo/1 & only t ( ! ar*itect has surviv$4 ,& !re are1 no d\bt1 monum5ts 9 our own c\ntry :i* h be5 transf]r$ 9 "s sort1 & on a some:at simil> pr9ciple1 f _! orig9al object4 ,!re are f9e /atues :i* reflect hon\r on b ! sculptor t *isell$ !m1 & tombs & c5otaphs inscrib$ ) names s v obscure1 t !y give place 9 effect1 if n lit]ally1 l t ( ! ,egyptian k+1 to ! "n ( ! ar*itect :o re>$ !m4 ,_h ! ,scott ,monum5t be5 erect$1 l ! monum5t ( a neighb\r+ squ>e1 to express a p]haps n v seemly gratitude = ! s]vices ( "s t5?-rate /atesman1 :o procur$ places = 8 fri5ds1 & :o did n mu* else1 x w\ld h be5 p]il\s to conv]t x into ! tomb ( a man ( g5ius l poor ,kemp4 ,x w\ld h be5 p]il\s _h x be5 ! monum5t ( "s m]e litt]ateur4 ,! litt]ateur's works w\ld h disappe>$ f ! public eye1 :ile t ( ! hapless ar*itect w\ld be = ev] be=e x4 ,& x w\ld be ?us ! ar*itect1 n ! litt]ateur1 t w\ld be p]man5tly rememb]$4 ,b ! monum5t ( ,sir ,walt] 0 9 no dang]2 & ,sir ,walt] himself w\ld h be5 q aw>e ( ! fact4 ,x w\ld n h displeas$ him1 t 9 ! remote future1 :5 all its buttresses _h become li*5$ & grey1 & g5]ation aft] g5]ation _h disappe>$ f ar\nd its base1 ! /ory w\ld be told--l t connect$ 9 s _m ( our old] ca!drals ) 'pr5tice pill>s' & 'pr5tice aisles'--t ! poor ar*itect :o _h design$ its exquisite ar*es & ri* p9nacles 9 hon\r ( ! ,%akespe>e ( ,scotl&1 _h met an untimely dea? :5 engag$ on x1 & _h f\nd "u its floor an appropriate grave4 ,! int5tion1 h[ev]1 0 n c>ri$ into effect4 ,x _h be5 intimat$ 9 ! fun]al lett]s t ! burial procession %\ld quit ! humble dwell+ ( ! ar*itect--= a humble dwell+ x is--at half-pa/ "o4 ,x _h be5 arrang$1 too1 t ! workm5 employ$ at ! monum5t1 "o ( ! mo/ respectable-look+ bodies ( me*anics we ev] saw1 %\ld c>ry ! corpse to ! grave4 ,!y _h ga!r$ r\nd ! dwell+1 a cottage at ,morn+side1 ) a wrea? ( ivy nodd+ f ! wall2 & ! appe>ance ( bo? x & !m naturally sugge/$ t ! poor deceas$1 orig9ally "o ( !mselves1 ?\gh he _h ris51 aft] a long /ruggle1 into celebrity1 _h n ris5 into afflu5ce4 ,dea? _h come too soon4 ,he _h j atta9$ 8 prop] position--j rea*$ ! upp] edge ( ! table-l& :i* 8 g5ius _h giv5 him a "r to occupy1 & on :i* a compet5cy might be soon & hon\rably secur$--:5 a cruel accid5t /ruck him d[n4 ,! "t specifi$ = ! burial pass$--fir/ "o half-h\r1 & !n ano!r4 ,! assembl$ gr\p wond]$ at ! delay4 ,& !n a g5tleman f ! dwell+-h\se came to in=m !m t "s int]dict or prote/1 we "k n :at--"s1 we suppose1 p]fectly legal docum5t--_h inhibit$1 at ?is late h\r1 ! int]m5t ( ! body 9 ! monum5t1 & t !re 0 a grave 9 ! c\rse ( be+ prep>$ = x 9 "o ( ! city *ur*y>ds4 ,,annie ,m',,donald ,,& ,,! ,,fife%ire ,,=e/]4 ,x 0 ! religion ( ,scotl& t fir/ develop$ ! intellect ( ! c\ntry4 ,nor w\ld x be at all difficult to %[ h[4 ,x is suffici5tly easy to conceive ! process ?r\gh :i* e>ne/ feel+ conc5trat$ on ! great conc]ns ( human de/9y leads to e>ne/ ?9k+1 & h[ ?9k+ propagates itself 9 its ab/ract "* z su*1 ev5 aft] ! mov+ p[] :i* _h fir/ set its :eels 9 motion has ceas$ to op]ate4 ,! ,re=mation 0 ma9ly a religi\s movem5t1 b x 0 pregnant ) philosophy & ! arts4 ,! gr& doctr9e ( ju/ification by fai?1 = :i* ,lu!r & ! o!r re=m]s cont5d$1 0 wond]fully l9k$1 by ! ,god f :om x emanat$1 ) all ! great discov]ies ( mod]n sci5ce1 & n a few ( ! pr\de/ triumphs ( lit]ature4 ,x drew along ) x 9 ! tra9 ( ev5ts1 z if by a gold5 *a91 ! philosophy ( ,bacon & ,newton1 & ! poesy ( ,milton & ,%akespe>e4 ,b ?\gh ! g5]al tru? ( ! rem>k has be5 ackn[l$g$1 ! connection :i* x intimates--a connection cle>ly ref]able to ! w ( t adorable ,be+ :o has made 'godl9ess pr(itable = all ?+s'--has be5 too mu* lo/ sight (4 ,religi\s belief1 transmut$ 9 its reflex influ5ces into m]e intellectual activity1 has too (t5 assum$ ano!r nature & "n1 & =gott5 or dis[n$ its orig92 & :atev] is suit$ to rem9d u ( ! c]ta9ty ( ! connection1 or to illu/rate ! mode ( its op]ations1 _c be deem$ o!r ?an important4 ,f a consid]ation ( ?is "*1 we h be5 mu* pleas$ ) a little "w j publi%$1 :i*1 tak+ up a s+le family 9 ! humble/ rank1 %[s1 )\t any app>5t int5tion ( ! k9d on ! "p ( ! writ]1 h[ ! ,*ri/ianity ( ! c\ntry has op]at$ on ! popul> intellect2 & we ?9k we c sc>ce d bett] ?an introduce x to ! acqua9tance ( our read]s4 ,mo/ ( !m h p]haps se5 a memoir ( "o ,annie ,m',donald1 publi%$ 9 ,ed9burgh "s eight or t5 ye>s ago4 ,x is a humble production1 giv5 *iefly1 z ! title-page intimates1 9 ,annie's own words2 & ,annie rank$ among ! humble/ ( our p4 ,%e _h nev] se5 a s+le day 9 s*ool4 ,:5 be/ & mo/ fav\rably circum/anc$1 %e 0 ! wife ( a f>m-s]vant1--no v exalt$ /ation surely2 b /ill a l[li] /ation await$ h]1 & %e pass$ m ?an half a c5tury 9 wid[hood4 ,"o ( h] daught]s became ! wife ( a poor lab\r]1 h] two gr&*ildr5 7 lab\r]s also4 ,x is n easy to imag9e a humbl] lot1 )\t cross+ ! l9e beyond :i* indep5d5ce _c be a*iev$2 & yet ,annie 0 a noble-he>t$ matron1 "o ( ! true ari/ocracy ( ! c\ntry4 ,h] long life 0 a protract$ w>f>e--a sc5e ( privation1 sorr[1 & sore trial2 b %e /ruggl$ bravely ?r\gh1 ev] tru/+ 9 ,god1 dep5d5t on ,him1 & ,him only2 & if ! dignity ( human nature consi/ 9 integrity ! mo/ inflexible1 en]gy ! mo/ untir+1 /rong s\nd ?9k+1 deep devotional feel+1 & a high-ton$ yet *a/5$ _s ( indep5d5ce1 !n 0 !re m true dignity to be f\nd 9 ! humble cottage ( ,annie ,m',donald1 ?an 9 half ! pr\d mansions ( ! c\ntry4 ,_m ( our read]s mu/ be acqua9t$1 z we h said1 ) h] "*1 & "s ( ! outl9es ( h] /ory4 ,mo/ ( !m are acqua9t$1 too1 ) ! "* ( ano!r v rem>kable p]son1 ,john ,be?une1 ! ,fife%ire ,=e/]1--a man ^: "n1 9 all probability1 !y h nev] associat$ ) ,annie ,m',donald4 ,he belongs to q a diff]5t class ( p]sons4 ,! v5]able matron takes h] place among ^? cultivators ( ! moral nature :o live 9 close conv]se ) _! ,god1 & on :om are re-/amp$1 if we may s speak1 ! l9eam5ts ( ! div9e image oblit]at$ at ! fall4 ,! poet1 too e>ly lo/1 ranks1 on ! o!r h&1 among ^? h>dy cultivators ( ! intellectual nature :o1 among all ! difficulties incid5t to imp]fect education1 & a life ( h>d%ip & lab\r1 /ruggle into notice ?r\gh ! =ce ( an innate vig\r1 & impress ! /amp ( _! m9d on ! lit]ature ( _! c\ntry4 ,mu* ( ! int]e/ ( ! newly publi%$ memoir be=e u arises f ! connection :i* x e/abli%es betwe5 ! matron & ! poet4 ,x purports to be ',a ,sket* ( ! ,life ( ,annie ,m',donald1 by h] ,gr&son1 ! late ,john ,be?une4' ,& sc>ce any "o c p]use x )\t m>k+ ! p[]ful influ5ce :i* ! high religi\s "* ( ! gr&mo!r ex]t$ on ! intellectual "* ( h] desc5dant4 ,! nobility ( ! humble family f :i* he sprung 0 d]iv$ evid5tly f ?is s\rce4 ,t "*1 to borr[ a homely b =cible metaphor f ,burns1 0 ! su/a9+ '/alk ( c>le hemp' :i* bore x up & kept x f grovell+ on ! depress$ level ( its condition4 ,h[ v int]e/+ a subject ( ?\ght & inquiry6 ,a little ,highl& girl1 :5 t5d+ cattle 9 ! fields ne>ly a c5tury ago1 0 l$1 ?r\gh div9e grace1 to 'appreh5d ! m]cy ( ,god 9 ,*ri/1' & to close ) ,8 free (f]s ( salvation2 & 9 ! ?ird g5]ation we c see ! effects ( ! transaction1 n only 9 ! blameless life & ! pure s5tim5ts ( a true ?\gh humble poet1 b 91 also1 ! manly vig\r ( 8 ?9k+1 & ! high degree ( culture :i* he 0 enabl$ to be/[ on 8 intellectual faculties4 ,! /ory ( ,annie ,m',donald is su* an "o z a poet ( ,wordswor?'s ca/ w\ld delight to tell4 ,%e 0 born 9 a remote & ?9ly inhabit$ di/rict ( ! ,highl&s1 & lo/ h] fa!r1 a ,highl& cr(t]1 :ile yet an infant4 ,%e 0 8 y\nge/ *ild1 b ! o!r memb]s ( ! family 7 all v "y & helpless2 & h] poor "m1 a woman /ill 9 ! prime ( life1 _h to w&] ) !m into ! l[ c\ntry1 fri5dless & p5niless1 9 que/ ( employm5t4 ,& employm5t aft] a we>y pilgrimage %e at l5g? succe$$ 9 procur+ f a hospitable f>m] 9 ! p>i% ( ,kilmany1 9 ,fife%ire4 ,an unoccupi$ hovel furni%$ h] ) a home2 & "h1 ) h>d lab\r1 %e re>$ h] *ildr51 till !y 7 fitt$ to leave h] "o by "o1 & d some?+ = !mselves1 *iefly 9 ! way ( h]d+ cattle4 ,annie grew up to be employ$ l ! re/2 & :5 a little h]d-girl 9 ! fields1 '%e frequ5tly fell into /ra9s ( s]i\s m$itation1' says h] biograph]1 'on ! works ( ,god1 & on h] own /&+ be=e ,him4' ,let scepticism ass]t :at x may1 su* is ! nature ( man4 ,god has writt5 on e human he>t ! great tru? ( man's responsibility2 & ! simple1 ignorant h]d-girl c\ld read x !re1 amid ! solitude ( ! fields4 ,b ! inscription seem$ fraught ) t]ror3 %e 0 p]plex$ by alt]nate d\bts & fe>s1 & tr\bl$ by wildly vivid imag9+s dur+ ! day1 & by frightful dreams by night4 ,h] "m _h be5 unable to s5d h] to s*ool1 b %e got occasional lessons 9 ! ev5+s f a fell[-s]vant2 & ?r\gh ! desultory assi/ance obta9$ 9 ?is way1 back$ by h] solit>y ef=ts at self-in/ruction1 %e le>n$ to read4 ,%e mu/ h deem$ t an important day on :i* %e f\nd %e c\ld at l5g? conv]se ) books2 & ! books ) :i* %e mo/ lov$ to disc\rse 7 su* z relat$ to ! spiritual /ate4 ,%e por$ ov] ! ,%ort] ,cate*ism1 & acqua9t$ h]self ) h] ,bible4 ,b = ye>s toge!r1 at ?is p]iod1 %e suff]$ mu* di/ress ( m9d4 ,h] imag9ation possess$ a wild activity1 & ! sc5es & %apes :i* x 0 cont9ually call+ up be=e h] 7 all ( horror & dismay--! place ( ! lo/1 ! appall+ =ms ) :i* fancy inve/s ! fall5 spirits1 ! t]rors ( ! la/ day1 & ! dread ?rone ( judgm5t4 ,b a "t ( peace & com=t came2 & %e 0 enabl$ to lay hold on ,god 9 fai? & hope z h] ,god1 ?r\gh ! all-suffici5t blood ( ! atonem5t4 ,& ?is hold %e nev] aft] rel9qui%$4 ,!re 0 no pause 9 h] humble toils4 ,f h] e>ly occupations 9 ! fields1 %e pass$ 9 rip] y\? to ! lab\rs ( ! f>m-h\se2 & at ! age ( tw5ty-five exp]i5c$ yet ano!r *ange1 9 becom+ ! wife ( a f>m-s]vant1 a quiet man ( solid "*1 & ^: religi\s views & feel+s co9cid$ ) h] own4 ,h] humble home 0 a solit>y hut on ! upl&s1 f> f ev5 h] ne>e/ neighb\rs2 b x 0 h] home1 & %e 0 happy4 ,) ! cons5t ( h] husb&1 %e took h] ag$ "m "u h] c>e1 & succe$$ 9 repay+ m ?an ! obligations incurr$ 9 infancy2 = h] in/ructions1 ?r\gh ! bless+ ( ,god1 7 r5d]$ app>5tly ! means ( ! old woman's conv]sion4 ,!re 7 sorr[s t came to h] ev5 at ! happie/1 b !y 7 m+l$ ) com=t4 ,%e lo/ "o ( h] *ildr5 by small-pox at a v e>ly age2 & yet1 v e>ly z ! age 01 evid5ce 0 n want+ 9 its dea? t ! ,psalmi/ spoke ) full mean+ :5 he said t ,god c p]fect praise out ( ! m\?s ( babes & suckl+s4 ,b !re 0 a deep] grief await+ h]4 ,aft] a happy union ( twelve ye>s1 h] husb& 0 seiz$ 9 ! night 9 _! lonely %iel+ by a mortal di/emp]1 at a "t :5 only h]self & h] "y *ildr5 7 pres5t1 & ere assi/ance c\ld be procur$ he expir$4 ,!re is some?+ extremely t\*+ 9 ! details ( ?is ev5t1 z giv5 by ! poet1 h] gr&son4 ,!y /rongly %[ h[ real an evil pov]ty is1 9 ev5 ! mo/ fav\rable circum/ances1 :5 ! h\r ( di/ress comes4 ,c[p] ceas$ to envy ! 'peasant's ne/ :5 he ?\ght h[ its solitude made scant ! means ( life4' ,we w\ld almo/ covet ! hut ( ,annie ,m',donald z describ$ by h] gr&son4 ',x appe>$1' he says1 'z if sep>at$ & rais$ above ! _w by ! cultureless & elevat$ solitude on :i* x /ood4 ,ar\nd x on e side 7 grey rocks1 pe]+ out f among tuft$ grass1 hea? furze1 & _m-col\r$ mosses2 =m+ :at _h be51 till m rec5tly--:5 ! :ole 0 conv]t$ into a plantation--a r ext5sive %eep-walk4 ,= an ext5t equal to m ?an half ! horizon1 ! eye might /ret* away to ! di/ant m\nta9s1 or repose on ! int]v5+ valleys2 & f ! highe/ "p ( ! hill1 a little to ! ea/w>d1 ! d>k blue ( ! ,g]man ,ocean 0 cle>ly visible4 ,x mu/ h be5 a *e]ful spot 9 ! cle> sunny days ( summ]1 :5 ev5 hea?s & moors look gay--:5 ! deep blue ( ! hills seems z if s(t5+ its t9ts to h>monize ) ! deep blue ( ! sky--:5 ! hum ( ! bee is he>d amid ! hea?1 & ! l>k high ov]head4 ,b x mu/ h be5 a gloomy & mis]able solitude on t night :5 ! husb& ( ,annie lay toss+ 9 mortal agony1 & no neighb\r ne> to c\nsel or assi/1 h] weep+ *ildr5 ar\nd h]1 & ) nei!r lamp nor c&le 9 ! cottage4 ,x 0 only by ! 'light ( a burn+ coal tak5 f ! fire1 & ex*ang$ = ano!r z ! flame wax$ fa9t1 t %e 0 enabl$ to wat* ! progress ( ! fatal malady1 & to tell at :at "t dea? set 8 unalt]able seal on ! pallid features ( h] husb&4' ,long ye>s ( incessant lab\r foll[$2 h] *ildr5 7 "y & helpless1 & h] ag$ "m /ill ) h]4 ,%e remov$ to ano!r cottage1 :]e %e r5t$ an acre or two ( l&1 t enabl$ h] to keep a c[1 & gave h] opportunity1 z ! place 0 situat$ beside a consid]able /ream1 ( e>n+ a small income z a blea*] ( home-made l954 ,! day1 & n unfrequ5tly ! night1 0 sp5t 9 toil2 b %e 0 /r5g!n$ to endure1 & s h] *ildr5 7 br$ up 9 h>dy indep5d5ce4 ',dur+ ! weeks ( h>ve/1' says h] biograph]1 '%e 0 engag$ z a reap] by ! f>m] f :om %e r5t$ h] little t5em5t2 & :5 h] day's "w 0 done1 :ile h] fell[-lab\r]s retir$ to re/1 %e employ$ h]self 9 reap+ h] own crops1 or provid+ grass = ! c[1 & (t5 cont9u$ h] toil by ! light ( ! h>ve/ moon till x 0 almo/ midnight4 ,aft] a numb] ( ye>s ?us sp5t1 ! expiration ( ! f>m]'s lease occasion$ h] removal4 ,h] family 7 n[ gr[n up2 %e c\ld af=d1 9 consequ5ce1 to h rec\rse to means ( subsi/5ce :i*1 if m scanty1 7 less labori\s ?an ^? :i* %e _h pli$ s long2 & s1 remov+ to a neighb\r+ village1 %e e>n$ a livelihood = h]self & h] infirm "m by sp9n+ c>pet wor/$ at twop5ce a-day1 ! common wages = a woman at t p]iod4' ',! cottage :i* %e n[ occupi$1' we aga9 quote1 'happ5$ to be "o ( a numb] :i* ! ,c\ntess ( ,lev5 *>itably kept = ! accommodation ( poor p :o 7 unable to pay a r5t4 ,%e1 h[ev]1 consid]$ t %e _h no "r to reckon h]self among ?is class1 s long z x %\ld please ,god to af=d h] /r5g? to provide = h] own necessities2 & !re=e %e deem$ x unju/ifiable to deprive ! truly indig5t ( :at _h be5 int5d$ exclusively = !m4 ,influ5c$ by ^! motives1 %e remov$ at ! next t]m to an adjac5t hamlet1 & "h h] ag$ "m di$4' ,we ne$ n m9utely foll[ h] aft]-c\rse3 x bore b "o complexion to ! end4 ,%e taught a s*ool = _m ye>s1 & 0 ( signal use to n a few ( h] pupils4 ,at an e>li] p]iod %e exp]i5c$ a desire to be able to write4 ,!re 0 a fri5d at a di/ance :om %e wi%$ to com=t1 by sugge/+ to h] ^? topics ( consolation :i* %e h]self _h f\nd ( su* solid use2 & ! wi% _h sugge/$ ! idea4 ,& s %e did le>n to write4 ,%e took up a p51 & tri$ to imitate ! lett]s 9 h] ,bible2 an acqua9tance subsequ5tly furni%$ h] ) a copy ( ! alphabet commonly us$ 9 writ+2 & su* 0 all ! in/ruction %e ev] receiv$ 9 an art to :i* 9 aft] life %e devot$ a consid]able portion ( h] "t1 & 9 ! ex]cise ( :i* %e d]iv$ no small enjoym5t4 ,9 extreme old age %e 0 r5d]$ unable by deafness prop]ly to att5d to h] s*ool1 & s1 ) h] *>act]i/ic consci5ti\sness1 %e ?rew x up2 b bodily /r5g? 0 sp>$ to h] 9 a rem>kable degree1 & h] la/ ye>s 7 n wa/$ 9 idl5ess4 ',h] sp9n+-:eel 0 aga9 eag]ly resort$ to2 ev5 outdoor lab\r1 :5 x c\ld be obta9$1 0 sometimes adopt$4' ,& ! editor ( ! memoir be=e u--,alex&] ,be?une1 ! bro!r & biograph] ( ,john--relates t he recollects see+ h] engag$ 9 reap+1 on "o occasion1 :5 9 h] eighty-second ye>2 & t on ! same field h] fav\rite nephew ! poet1 at t "t a boy ( t51 0 also essay+ ! lab\rs ( ! h>ve/4 ,9 "o ( ! simple b t\*+ epi/les :i* we owe to h] s+ul>ly acquir$ accompli%m5t ( writ+--a lett] to "o ( h] daught]s--we f9d h] ?us express+ h]self3-- ',we f9i%$ our h>ve/ la/ ,monday1 & "h aga9 ,i h cause = ?ankfulness4 ,i w\ld desire to be d\bly ?ankful to ,god = enabl+ my old & )]$ arms to use ! sickle almo/ z well z !y 7 wont to d :5 ,i 0 "y1 & = ! fav\rable wea!r & abundant crop :i* 9 ,8 m]cy ,he has be/[$ on u4 ,b1 my de> *ild1 !re is 9 v de$ a m important h>ve/ be=e u4 ,oh6 may ,god1 = ,*ri/'s sake1 rip5 u by ! sun%9e ( ,8 ,_s = ! sickle ( dea?1 & /& by u 9 t try+ h\r1 t we may be cut d[n z a %ock ( corn :i* is fully ripe4' ,annie surviv$ twelve ye>s long]2 = h] life 0 prolong$ ?r\gh ?ree full g5]ations4 ',9 ! int]vals ( dome/ic duty1 h] book & h] p5 7 h] con/ant companions4' ',! process ( committ+ h] ?\ghts to pap] 0 r5d]$ t$i\s1 latt]ly1 by ! weakness & tremor ( h] h&2 & h] m9d n unfrequ5tly outran h] p51 leav+ blanks 9 h] composition1 :i* %e did n always detect s z to enable h] to fill !m up4 ,& ?is circum/ance sometimes r5d]$ h] mean+ a little obscure4 ,b ) all ^! defici5cies1 h] lett]s 7 g5]ally appreciat$ by ^? to :om !y 7 address$4 ,h] conv]sation1 too1 0 mu* s\ght aft] by s]i\s individuals 9 all ranks 9 society2 & occasionally x 0 pleas+ to see ! promiscu\s visitors :o met 9 h] l[ly cottage lay+ aside = a "t ! fa/idi\s di/9ctions ( bir? & /ation1 & humbly unit+ 9 ! ex]cise ( ,*ri/ian love4' ,at l5g? %e c\ld no long] leave h] b$3 'h] he>+ 0 s mu* impair$1 t x 0 ) ! greate/ difficulty %e c\ld be made to und]/& :at 0 said to h]2 & ^? fri5ds :o came to visit h] 7 frequ5tly reque/$ to sit d[n by h] b$side1 :]e %e might see _! faces1 ?\gh %e c\ld no long] enjoy _! conv]sation4 ,aft] rais+ h]self to a conv5i5t position1 %e g5]ally address$ !m ^u ! importance ( prep>+ = ano!r _w :ile heal? & /r5g? rema9$2 & tri$ to direct _! att5tion to ! m]its & suff]+s ( ! ,savi\r z ! only sure gr\nd ( hope ^u :i* s9n]s c\ld re/ _! salvation 9 ! h\r ( trial4' ,z = h] own dep>ture1 %e '_h a ?\s& reasons1' %e said1 '= wi%+ to be gone2 b !re 0 "o reason :i* ov]balanc$ !m all--,god's "t _h n yet arriv$4' ,b at l5g? x did arrive4 ',lay me d[n1' %e said1 = ! irritability ( h] n]v\s sy/em _h r5d]$ frequ5t *ange ( po/ure necess>y1 & h] fri5ds _h j be5 indulg+ h]1--',lay me d[n2 let me sleep my la/ sleep 9 ,jesus4' ,& ^! 7 h] la/ words4 ,h] gr&son ,john seems to h *]i%$1 :5 a m]e boy1 ye>s be=e %e di$1 ! design ( writ+ h] /ory2 & ! :ole tone ( 8 memoir 7app>5tly "o ( 8 e>li] prose compositions7 %[s h[ ?or\gh 0 ! respect :i* he ent]ta9$ = h] memory4 ,%e =ms ! subject1 too1 ( a copy ( v]ses evid5tly ( lat] production1 & at lea/ equal to any he ev] wrote1 9 :i* he affect+ly tells u h[1 :5 sadness & disease press$ ^u ! spr+s ( life1 & he l+]$ 9 susp5se & disappo9tm5t1 ! hopes :i* %e _h s long *]i%$-- ',! glori\s hopes :i* flatt]$ n-- ,dawn$ on him by degrees4' ,he f\nd ! ,savi\r :om %e _h wor%ipp$2 & "o ( ! la/ subsidi>y hopes 9 :i* he indulg$ ere he bade ! _w f>ewell1 0 t 9 ! place to :i* he 0 go+ he %\ld meet ) 8 belov$ gr&mo!r4 ,we h occupi$ s mu* space ) our n>rative1 brief z x is1 t we _c foll[ up our orig9al int5tion ( %[+ h[1 9 pr9ciple1 ! intellectual hi/ory ( ,be?une is an epitome ( t ( 8 c\ntry2 b we mu/ add t x w\ld be well if1 9 at lea/ "o important respect1 ! hi/ory ( 8 c\ntry resembl$ 8 hi/ory m4 ,! ?\ghtful piety ( ! gr&mo!r prep>$ an atmosph]e ( high-ton$ ?\ght1 9 :i* ! g5ius ( ! gr&son 0 fo/]$4 ,x con/itut$1 to v>y ! figure1 ! table-l& f :i* he arose2 b h[ _m ( a resembl+ class1 & indebt$ 9 a simil> way1 h direct$ ! influ5ce ( _! writ+s to dissipate t atmosph]e--to l[] t table-l&6 ,we ref] ! read] to ! int]e/+ little "w f :i* we h drawn our mat]ials4 ,x is edit$ by ! surviv+ ,be?une1 ! bro!r & biograph] ( ! poet1 & bo? a vigor\s writ] & a wor?y man4 ,!re are sev]al ( ! passages :i* x comprises ( 8 composition2 among ! re/1 ! v /rik+ passage ) :i* ! memoir concludes1 & 9 :i* he adds a few additional facts illu/rative ( 8 gr&mo!r's "*1 & describes h] p]sonal appe>ance4 ,! description w rem9d our read]s ( "o ( ! m graphic pictures ( ,wordswor?1 t ( ! /ately dame on ^: appe>ance ! poet rem>ks qua9tly1 b significantly1 ',old times are liv+ !re4' ',f ! date ( h] bir?1' says ,alex&] ,be?une1 'x w be se5 t %e 7,annie ,m',donald7 0 9 h] n9ety-f\r? ye> at ! "t ( h] dea?4 ,9 p]son %e 0 sp>e2 & ere toil & approa*+ age _h b5t h] frame1 %e mu/ h be5 consid]ably above ! middle size4 ,ev5 aft] %e 0 f> advanc$ 9 life1 !re 0 9 h] appe>ance a rigidity ( outl9e & a s9ewy firmness :i* told ( no ord9>y p[]s ( endurance4 ,!re 0 mu* ( true b5evol5ce 9 ! ca/ ( h] c\nt5ance2 :ile ! dep? ( h] own ,*ri/ian feel+s gave an expression ( calm yet e>ne/ sympa?y to h] eye1 :i* 0 p>ticul>ly impressive4 ,limit$ z 7 h] res\rces1 %e _h be5 a regul> contributor to ! ,bible & ,mission>y ,societies = a numb] ( ye>s previ\s to h] dea?4 ,nor 0 %e sl[ to m9i/] to ! necessities ( o!rs accord+ to h] ability4 ,not)/&+ ! v>i\s items ?us dispos$ ( dur+ ! latt] "p ( h] life1 %e _h sav$ a small sum ( money1 :i* at h] dea? 0 left to h] unm>ri$ daught]s4' ,! t\*+ description ( ! poet we mu/ also subjo94 ,no "o c read x )\t feel+ its tru?1 or )\t be+ conv9c$ t1 to be ?or\ghly true 9 ! circum/ances1 0 to be int5sely poetical4 ,! recollection ( su* a relative affectionately reta9$ 0 ( itself poetry4 ,,my ,,gr&mo!r4 ,long ye>s ( toil & c>e1 ,& pa9 & pov]ty1 h pass$ ,s9ce la/ ,i li/5$ to h] pray]1 ,& look$ ^u h] la/2 ,yet h[ %e spoke1 & h[ %e smil$ ,^u me1 :5 a playful *ild-- ,! lu/re ( h] eye-- ,! k9d c>ess--! fond embrace-- ,! rev]5ce ( h] placid face1-- ,all 9 my memory lie ,z fre% z !y _h only be5 ,be/[$ & felt1 & he>d & se51 ,s9ce ye/]day w5t by4 ,h] dress 0 simply neat-- ,h] h\sehold tasks s featly done3 ,ev5 ! old will[-wick] seat ,on :i* %e sat & spun-- ,! table :]e h] ,bible lay1 ,op5 f morn till close ( day-- ,! /&i%1 & ! p5 ,) :i* %e not$1 z !y rose1 ,h] ?\ghts ^u ! joys1 ! woes1 ,! f9al fate ( m51 ,& suff]+s ( h] ,savi\r ,god1-- ,ea* object 9 h] poor abode ,is visible z !n4 ,nor are !y all =got1 ,! fai?ful admonitions giv51 ,& glori\s hopes :i* flatt]$ n1 ,b l$ ! s\l to heav56 ,^! _h be5 h]s1 & h be5 m9e ,:5 all beside _h ceas$ to %9e-- ,:5 sadness & disease1 ,& disappo9tm5t & susp5se1 ,_h driv5 y\?'s faire/ fancies h5ce1 ,%ort'n+ its fleet+ lease3 ',twas !n ^! hopes1 amid ! d>k ,j glimm]+1 l an unqu5*'d sp>k1 ,dawn$ on me by degrees4 ,to h] !y gave a light ,bright] ?an sun or /> suppli$2 ,& nev] did !y %9e m bright ,?an j be=e %e di$4 ,dea?'s %ad[ dimm'd h] ag$ eyes1 ,grey cl\ds _h clo!d ! ev5+ skies1 ,& d>kness 0 abroad2 ,b /ill %e turn$ h] gaze above1 ,z if ! et]nal light ( love ,on h] glaz$ organs gl[$1 ,l beacon-fire at clos+ ev51 ,hung out betwe5 ! e>? & heav51 ,to guide h] s\l to ,god4 ,& !n !y bright] grew1 ,beam+ ) ev]la/+ bliss1 ,z if ! et]nal _w 9 view ,_h wean$ h] eyes f ?is3 ,& e feature 0 compos$1 ,z ) a placid smile !y clos$ ,on ^? :o /ood ar\nd1 :o felt x 0 a s9 to weep ,o'er su* a smile & su* a sleep-- ,s peaceful1 s pr(\nd2 ,& ?\gh !y wept1 _! te>s express$ ,joy = h] "t-worn frame at re/-- ,h] s\l ) m]cy cr[n$4 ,augu/ #aj1 #ahab4 ,a ,,highl& ,,cle>+4 ,h[ quickly ! ye>s fly6 ,"o twelvemon? m1 & x w be a full qu>t] ( a c5tury s9ce we la/ saw ! wild ,highl& valley s well describ$ by ,mr4 ,rob]tson 9 8 op5+ p>agraphs4#a ,& yet ! recollection is z fre% 9 our memory n[ z x 0 tw5ty ye>s ago4 ,! *ill w9t] night _h fall5 on ! br[n r\nd hills & ald]-skirt$ riv]1 z we turn$ f (f ! road t w9ds along ! ,kyle ( ! ,dorno* ,fri? into ! bleak gorge ( ,/ra?c>ron4 ,! %eph]d's cottage1 9 :i* we purpos$ pass+ ! night1 lay high up 9 ! valley1 :]e ! l(ty sides--p>tially cov]$ at t p]iod by ! remnants ( an anci5t =e/--approa* s ne> ea* o!r1 & rise s abruptly1 t = ! :ole w9t] qu>t] ! sun nev] falls on ! /ream bel[4 ,!re 7 /ill "s t5 or twelve miles ( brok5 road be=e u4 ,! moon 9 its fir/ qu>t] hung l[ ov] ! hills1 dimly reveal+ _! r\gh outl9e1 & ?r[+ its t+e ( fa9t bronze on ! brok5 clumps ( wood 9 ! holl[s4 ,a ke5 fro/ _h set 92 & a ?ick trail ( fog-rime1 rais$ by its influ5ce 9 ! calm1 & :i* at ! height ( "s eighty or a hundr$ feet hung ov] ! riv]--sc>ce less def9$ 9 its m>g9 ?an ! riv] itself1 = x w9d$ :]ev] ! /ream w9d$1 & ran /raight z an arr[ :]ev] ! /ream ran /raight--occupi$ ! :ole l5g? ( ! valley1 l an enorm\s snake ly+ uncoil$ 9 its d54 ,! num]\s turf cottages on ei!r side 7 invisible 9 ! d>kness1 save t ev] & anon ! brief tw9kle ( a light indicat$ _! exi/5ce & _! places4 ,9 a recess ( ! /ream ! tor* ( "s adv5tur\s fi%] n[ gleam$ r$ on rock & wat]1 n[ sudd5ly disappe>$1 eclips$ by ! ov]hang+ bru%wood1 or by "s jutt+ angle ( ! bank4 ,! di/ant ro> ( ! /ream m+l$ sull5ly 9 ! calm1 ) its ne>] & ho>s] da%1 z x *af$ on ! l$ges bel[1 fill+ ! air ) a wild music1 t seem$ ! appropriate voice ( ! impressive sc5]y f amid :i* x arose4 ,x 0 late ere we rea*$ ! %eph]d's cottage--a d>k1 raft]$1 dimly-light$ build+ ( turf & /one4 ,! wea!r = sev]al weeks be=e _h be5 ra9y & close1 & ! flocks ( ! inmate _h be5 ?9n$ by ! common sc\rge ( ! %eep-f>m] at su* seasons on m>%y & un:olesome f>ms4 ,! raft]s 7 lad5 ) sk9s besme>$ ) blood1 t dangl$ ov]head to cat* ! cons]vative influ5ces ( ! smoke2 & on a rude plank table bel[ !re rose two tall pyramids ( d>k-col\r$ jo9ts ( braxy mutton1 heap$ up ea* on a corn riddle4 ,! %eph]d--a ,highl&] ( colossal proportions1 b h>d & ?91 & worn by ! c>es & toils ( at lea/ sixty w9t]s--sat moodily beside ! fire4 ,! /ate ( 8 flocks 0 n p>ticul>ly *e]+2 & he _h1 besides1 se5 a vision ( late1 he said1 t fill$ 8 m9d ) /range =ebod+s4 ,he _h gone out aft] nightfall on ! previ\s ev5+ to a dank holl[ on ! hill-side1 9 :i* _m ( 8 flock _h di$2 ! ra9 _h ceas$ a few h\rs be=e1 & a sm>t fro/ _h set 91 t1 z on ?is second ev5+1 fill$ ! :ole valley ) a wrea? ( silv]y vap\r1 dimly light$ by ! ?9 fragm5t ( a moon t appe>$ z if re/+ at ! "t on ! hill-top4 ,! wrea? /ret*$ out its grey folds b5ea? him1 = he _h climb$ half-way up ! acclivity1 :5 sudd5ly :at seem$ ! figure ( a man 9 heat$ metal--! figure ( a braz5 man br\ght to a r$ heat 9 a furnace--sprang up out ( ! d>kness2 & aft] /alk+ ov] ! surface ( ! fog = a few seconds--9 :i*1 h[ev]1 x trav]s$ ! great] "p ( ! valley--z sudd5ly disappe>$1 leav+ an evanesc5t trail ( flame beh9d x4 ,!re c\ld be little d\bt t ! old %eph]d _h m]ely se5 "o ( ^? %oot+ lights t 9 m\nta9 di/ricts1 dur+ unsettl$ wea!r1 s frequ5tly />tle ! night travell]1 & t "s peculi>ity ( =m 9 ! meteor _h be5 exagg]at$ by ! obscur+ influ5ce ( ! fro/-rime & ! briefness ( ! survey2 b ! app>ition _h fill$ 8 :ole m9d1 z "o ( /range & frightful port5t f ! spiritual _w4 ,& (t5 s9ce t night has x return$ to u 9 recollection1 z a vision 9 s+ul> keep+ ) ! wild valley :i* x trav]s$1 & ! cr$ul\s melan*oly ( ! solit>y %eph]d1 its only witness1-- ',a meteor ( ! night ( di/ant ye>s1 ,t fla%$ unnotic$1 save by wr9kl$ eld ,mus+ at midnight ^u prophecies4' ,by mu* ! great] "p ( ,/ra?c>ron1 9 ^? days1 0 9 ! possession ( its anci5t inhabitants2 & we le>n f ! description ( ,mr4 ,rob]tson1 t x has s9ce und]gone sc>ce any *ange4 ',/ra?c>ron1' he says1 'is /ill 9 ! old /ate4' ,?r\gh\t its :ole ext5t ! turf cottages ( ! aborig9es rise d>k & ?ick z h]et(ore1 f amid _! irregul> pat*es ( potatoes & corn4 ,b 9 an adjac5t gl51 ?r\gh :i* ! ,calvie works its headlong way to ! ,c>ron1 t t]ror ( ! ,highl&]s1 a summons ( removal1 has be5 s]v$ )9 ! la/ few mon?s on a :ole community2 & ! graphic sket* ( ,mr4 ,rob]tson relates bo? ! peculi> circum/ances 9 :i* x has be5 issu$1 & ! feel+s :i* x has excit$4 ,we f9d f 8 te/imony1 t ! old /ate ( ?+s :i* is s imm$iately on ! eve ( be+ brok5 up 9 ?is locality1 lack$ n a few ( ^? s\rces ( t]ror to ! propriet>y ( ! c\ntry1 t are becom+ s v =midable to !m 9 ! new] /ates4 ,a spectral poor-law sits by our waysides1 wrapp$ up 9 dea?-flannels ( ! ,engli% cut1 & %akes its sk9ny h& at ! mansion-h\ses ( our l&lords1--vision beyond comp>ison m direfully port5t\s ?an ! app>ition se5 by ! lone %eph]d ( ,/ra?c>ron4 ,b 9 ! ,highl&s1 at lea/1 x is m]ely ! l&lord ( ! new & improv$ /ate ( ?+s--! l&lord ( widespread cle>+s & /r+5t removal-summonses--t x ?reat5s4 ,! exi/+ poor-law 9 ,gl5calvie is a self-en=c+ law1 t rises direct out ( ! unsophi/icat$ sympa?ies ( ! ,highl& he>t1 & co/s ! propriet>y no?+4 ',! con/itution ( society 9 ! gl51' says ,mr4 ,rob]tson1 'is rem>kably simple4 ,f\r heads ( families are b\nd = ! :ole r5tal ( #ee1 #acs4 a ye>2 ! numb] ( s\ls is ab\t n9ety4 ,sixte5 cottages pay r5t2 ?ree cottages are occupi$ by old lone wom51 :o pay no r5t1 & :o h a grace f ! o!rs = ! graz+ ( a few goats or %eep1 by :i* !y live4 ,?is self-work+ poor-law sy/em1' adds ,mr4 ,rob]tson1 'is support$ by ! p !mselves2 ! laird1 ,i am in=m$1 nev] gives any?+ to x4' ,n[ !re mu/ be at lea/ "s modicum ( good 9 su* a /ate ( ?+s1 h[ev] old-fa%ion$2 & we are pretty sure su* ( our ,engli% neighb\rs z leave _! acres untill$ ye> aft] ye>1 to avoid ! cru%+ pressure ( ! /atute-en=c$ poor-law t r5d]s !m n wor? ! till+1 w\ld be some:at unwill+1 7 ! /ate made !irs1 to improve x away4 ,nor does x seem a /ate--) all its simplicity1 & all its p]haps blameable indiff]5cy to mod]n improvem5t--p>ticul>ly ho/ile to ! developm5t ( m9d or ! gr[? ( morals4 ',! p ( ,amat & ,gl5calvie !mselves support$ a tea*] = ! education ( _! *ildr51' says ,mr4 ,rob]tson4 ',! laird1' he adds1 'has nev] lo/ a f>?+ ( r5t4 ,9 bad ye>s1 su* z #ahcf or #ahcg1 ! p may h requir$ ! fav\r ( a few weeks' delay1 b !y are n[ n a s+le f>?+ 9 arre>s4' ,mr4 ,rob]tson gives u ! trag$y ( a cle>+ 9 its fir/ act4 ,we _h lately ! opportunity ( witness+ ! clos+ sc5e 9 ! aft]-piece1 by :i* a cle>+ m ?an equally ext5sive has be5 foll[$ up1 & :i* bids fair to f9d at no di/ant day _m c\nt]p>ts 9 ! ,highl&s ( ,scotl&4 ,r m ?an tw5ty ye>s ago1 ! wild1 m\nta9\s isl& ( ,rum1 ! home ( consid]ably m ?an five hundr$ s\ls1 0 dive/$ ( all its inhabitants1 to make way = "o %eep-f>m] & eight ?\s& %eep4 ,x 0 soon f\nd1 h[ev]1 t !re are limits beyond :i* x is inconv5i5t to depopulate a c\ntry on ev5 ! %eep-f>m sy/em3 ! isl& _h be5 r5d]$ too ?or\ghly a des]t = ! com=t ( ! t5ant2 & on ! occasion ( a cle>+ :i* took place 9 a di/rict ( ,skye1 & depriv$ ( _! homes _m ( ! old inhabitants1 "s t5 or twelve families ( ! numb] 7 invit$ to ,rum1 & may n[ be f\nd squatt+ on ! %ores ( ! only bay ( ! isl&1 on a /rip ( unpr(itable morass4 ,b ! :ole ( ! once peopl$ int]ior rema9s a des]t1 all ! m lonely 9 its aspect f ! circum/ance t ! solit>y gl5s1 ) _! gre51 pl\gh-furr[$ pat*es1 & _! ru9$ heaps ( /one1 op5 ^u %ores e :it z solit>y z !mselves1 & t ! wide untrodd5 sea /ret*es dre>ily ar\nd4 ,we sp5t a long summ]'s day amid/ its des]t recesses1 & saw ! sun set beh9d its wild]ness ( pyramidal hills4 ,! ev5+ 0 calm & cle>2 ! armies ( ! insect _w 7 sport+ by millions 9 ! light2 a br[n /ream t ran ?r\gh ! valley at our feet yield$ an incessant poppl+ s\nd f ! myriads ( fi% t 7 incessantly leap+ 9 ! pools1 beguil$ by ! quick glanc+ w+s ( gre5 & gold t incessantly flutt]$ ov] !m2 ! half-effac$ furr[s borr[$ a ri*] hue f ! yell[ light ( sunset2 ! brok5 cottage-walls /ood up m boldly prom95t on ! hill-side1 reliev$ by ! l5g!n+ %ad[s2 along a di/ant hill-side !re ran :at seem$ ! ru9s ( a grey /one f5ce1 erect$1 says tradition1 9 a v remote age to facilitate ! hunt+ ( de]3 all seem$ to bespeak ! place a fitt+ habitation = man1 & 9 :i* n only ! necess>ies1 b n a few also ( ! luxuries ( life1 might be procur$2 b 9 ! entire prospect n a man nor a man's dwell+ c\ld ! eye comm&4 ,! l&scape 0 "o )\t figures4 ,& :]e1 x may be ask$1 0 ! "o t5ant ( ! isl& = ^: sake s _m o!rs _h be5 remov$8 ,we f\nd 8 h\se occupi$ by a humble %eph]d1 :o _h 9 *>ge ! wreck ( 8 prop]ty1--prop]ty no long] 81 b held = ! b5efit ( 8 cr$itors4 ,! great %eep-f>m] _h gone d[n "u circum/ances ( v g5]al be>+1 & on ^: aft] developm5t1 :5 9 _! lat5t /ate1 improv+ l&lords _h fail$ to calculate2 ! isl& itself 0 9 ! m>ket1 & a report w5t curr5t at ! "t t x 0 on ! eve ( be+ pur*as$ by "s weal?y ,engli%man1 :o purpos$ conv]t+ x into a de]-=e/4 ,! cycle--:i* bids fair to be t ( ! ,highl&s g5]ally--_h already revolv$ 9 ! depopulat$ isl& ( ,rum4 ,we h said t ! %eep-f>m] _h gone d[n1 9 ?is in/ance1 "u adv]se circum/ances ( v ext5sive be>+4 ,9 a beautiful transatlantic poem1 a ,nor? ,am]ican ,indian is repres5t$ z visit+ by night ! tombs ( 8 fa!rs1 n[ surr\nd$1 ?\gh re>$ 9 ! dep?s ( a =e/1 by ! cultivat$ f>ms & luxuri\s dwell+s ( ! /rang]1 & !re pr$ict+ t ! race by :i* 8 _h be5 supplac$ %\ld be 9 turn ca/ out ( _! possessions4 ,8 fancy on ! subject is a wild "o1 ?\gh n unfitt$ = ! poet4 ,! /reams1 he said1 7 yield+ a l[] murmur ?an ( old1 & roll+ d[nw>ds a decreas+ volume2 ! spr+s 7 less copi\s 9 _! supplies2 ! l&1 %orn ( its =e/s1 0 dry+ up "u ! no long] s(t5$ influ5ce ( summ] suns4 ,yet a few ages m1 & x w\ld spread out all ar\nd an arid & b>r5 wild]ness1 unfitt$1 l ! des]ts ( ! ,ea/1 to be a home ( man4 ,! fancy1 we repeat1 ?\gh a poetic1 is a wild "o2 b ! gr\nds f :i* we inf] t ! cle>]s ( ! ,highl&s--! supplant]s ( ! ,highl&]s--are !mselves to be cle>$ & supplant$ 9 turn1 is nei!r wild nor poetic4 ,! voice :i* pr$icts 9 ! case is a voice1 n ( %r9k+ rivulets nor fail+ spr+s1 b ( ! ',clo? ,hall' 9 ,le$s1 & ( ! wor/$ factories ( ,brad=d & ,halifax4 ,mo/ ( our read]s mu/ be aw>e t ! great wooll5 trade ( ,brita9 divides into two ma9 bran*es--its wooll5 clo? manufacture1 & its wor/$ & /uff manufactures3 & 9 bo? ^! ! e/imation 9 :i* ,briti% wool is held has mightily sunk ( late ye>s1 nev] app>5tly to rise aga92 = x has sunk1 n ?r\gh any caprice ( fa%ion1 b 9 ! natural progress ( improvem5t4 ,mr4 ,dodd1 9 8 int]e/+ little "w on ! ,textile ,manufactures ( ,great ,brita91 ref]s incid5tally to ! fact1 9 draw+ a sc5e 9 ! ,clo? ,hall ( ,le$s1 introduc$ simply = ! purpose ( %[+ at h[ slight an exp5se ( "t & words bus9ess is transact$ 9 ?is great m>t ( trade4 ',all ! sell]s1' says ,mr4 ,dodd1 '"k all ! buy]s2 & ea* buy] is invit$1 z he passes along1 to look at "s olives1 or br[ns1 or pilots1 or six qu>t]s1 or eight qu>t]s2 & ! buy] decides 9 a wond]fully %ort space ( "t :e!r x w answ] 8 purpose to pur*ase or n4 ,mr4 ,a41 j look at ^! olives4 ,h[ mu*8 ,six & eight4 ,too high4 ,mr4 ,a4 walks on1 & p]haps a neighb\r+ clo?i] draws 8 att5tion to a piece1 or end1 ( clo?4 ,:at's ?is8 ,five & ?ree4 ,too l[4 ,! too high relates1 z may be suppos$1 to ! price p] y>d2 :]eas ! too l[ means t ! quality ( ! clo? is l[] ?an ! pur*as] requires4 ,ano!r sell] acco/s him ) ,w ?is suit y1 ,mr4 ,a48 ,any ,engli% wool8 ,n mu*2 x is ne>ly all =eign2 a "q & answ] :i* exemplify ! disfav\r into :i* ,engli% wool has fall5 9 ! clo? trade4 ,b x is n ! clo? trade alone 9 :i* x has fall5 into disfav\r4 ,! rapid ext5sion ( ! wor/$ manufacture 9 ?is c\ntry1' says ! same writ] 9 ano!r portion ( 8 "w1 'is v rem>kable4 ,s long z ef=ts 7 made by ,engli% wool-gr[]s to compel ! use ( ! ,engli% wool 9 clo?-mak+--ef=ts :i* ! ,legislature = _m ye>s sanction$ by legal enactm5ts--! wor/$ fabrics made 7 *iefly ( a co>se & heavy k9d1 su* z camlets2 b :5 ! wool trade 0 all[$ to fl[ into its natural *annels by ! removal ( re/rictions1 ! value ( all ! diff]5t k9ds ( wool became appreciat$1 & ea* "o 0 appropriat$ to purposes = :i* x seem$ be/ fitt$4 ,! wool ( "o k9d ( ,engli% %eep cont9u$ 9 dem& = hosi]y & co>se wor/$ goods2 & ! wool ( ! ,ca%m]e & ,angora goats came to be import$ = wor/$ goods ( f9] quality4' ,! coloni/ & ! =eign m]*ant h be5 br\ght into ! field1 & ! home produc] lab\rs 9 va9 to compete ) !m on :at he f9ds unequal t]ms4 ,h5ce ! difficulties :i*1 9 a season ( invigorat$ comm]ce & reviv$ trade1 cont9ue to be> on ! ,briti% wool-gr[]1 & :i* bid fair to cle> him f ! soil :i* he dive/$ ( ! orig9al inhabitants4 ,e new %eep-re>+ f>m t spr+s up 9 ! colonies--:e!r 9 ,au/ralia1 or ,new ,zeal&1 or ,van ,diem5's ,l&1 or ,s\!rn ,africa--s5ds him its summons ( removal 9 ! =m ( huge bales ( wool1 l[] 9 price & bett] 9 quality ?an he himself c produce4 ,! %eep-bre$]s ( ,new ,holl& & ! ,cape ?reat5 to av5ge ! ,rosses ( ,gl5calvie4 ,b to av5ge is "o ?+1 & to "r ano!r4 ,! com=ts ( our poor ,highl&] h be5 det]iorat+1 & 8 position l[]+1 = ! la/ ?ree ages1 & we see no prospect ( improvem5t4 ',= a c5tury1' says ,mr4 ,rob]tson1 '_! privileges h be5 less5+3 !y d>e n n[ hunt ! de]1 or %oot ! gr\se or ! blackcock2 !y h no long] ! range ( ! hills = _! cattle & _! %eep2 !y mu/ n cat* a salmon 9 a /ream3 9 e>?1 air1 & wat]1 ! rights ( ! laird are great]1 & ! rights ( ! p are small]1 ?an !y 7 9 ! days ( _! =efa!rs4 ,yet1 =soo?1 !re is mu* talk ( philosoph]s ( ! progress ( democracy z a progress to equality ( conditions 9 our day6 ,"o ( ! m9i/]s :o accompani$ me _h to become b\nd = law exp5ses to ! am\nt ( #bj1 inflict$ on ! p = tak+ a log f ! =e/ = _! bridge1--a ?+ !y & _! fa!rs _h always done un*all5g$4' ,"o eloqu5t passage m1 & we h done4 ,x is ?us we f9d ,mr4 ,rob]tson1 to ^: int5sely int]e/+ sket* we aga9 direct ! att5tion ( ! read]1 summ+ up ! case ( ! ,rosses ( ,gl5calvie3-- ',! fa!r ( ! laird ( ,k9deace b\ght ,gl5calvie4 ,x 0 sold by a ,ross two %ort c5turies ago4 ,! swords ( ! ,rosses ( ,gl5calvie did _! "p 9 protect+ ?is little gl51 z well z ! broad l&s ( ,pitcalnie1 f ! ravages & ! clut*es ( ho/ile septs4 ,^! clansm5 bl$ & di$ 9 ! belief t e pr9ciple ( hon\r & morals secur$ _! desc5dants a "r to subsi/+ on ! soil4 ,! *iefs & _! *ildr5 _h ! same *>t] ( ! sword4 ,"s ,legislatures h made ! "r ( ! p sup]ior to ! "r ( ! *ief2 ,briti% law-mak]s h made ! rights ( ! *ief ev]y?+1 & ^? ( _! foll[]s no?+4 ,! ideas ( ! morality ( prop]ty are 9 mo/ m5 ! creatures ( _! int]e/s & sympa?ies4 ,( ?is !re _c be a d\bt1 h[ev]3 ! *iefs w\ld n h _h ! l& at all1 c\ld ! clansm5 h =ese5 ! pres5t /ate ( ! ,highl&s--_! *ildr5 9 m\rnful gr\ps go+ into exile--! faggot ( legal myrmidons 9 ! ?at* ( ! feal cab9--! he>?s ( _! loves & _! lives ! gre5 %eep-walks ( ! /rang]4 ',sad x is1 t x is seem+ly ! w ( our con/itu5cies t our laws %all pref] ! few to ! _m4 ,mo/ m\rnful w x be1 %\ld ! clansm5 ( ! ,highl&s h be5 cle>$ away1 eject$1 exil$1 9 def]5ce to a political1 a moral1 a social1 & an economical mi/ake1--a sugge/ion n ( philosophy1 b ( mammon1--a sy/em 9 :i* ! demon ( sordidness assum$ ! %ape ( ! angel ( civilisation & ( light4' ,septemb] #d1 #ahdd4 ----- #a ,! ,rosses ( ,gl5calvie1 by ,john ,rob]tson1 ,esq4 7article 9 ! ,glasg[ ,national1 ,augu/ #ahdd74--;,,ed4 ,,! ,,poet ,,montgom]y4 ,! read] w f9d 9 our columns a report1 z ample z our limits h all[$1 ( ! public breakfa/ giv5 9 ,ed9burgh on ,w$nesday la/#a to our di/+ui%$ c\ntryman ,james ,montgom]y1 & 8 fri5d ! mission>y ,latrobe4 ,we h r>ely %>$ 9 a m agreeable ent]ta9m5t1 & h nev] li/5$ to a m pleas+ or bett]-ton$ address ?an t 9 :i* ! poet ran ov] "s ( ! m /rik+ incid5ts ( 8 e>ly life4 ,x 0 9 itself a poem1 & a v f9e "o4 ,an old & v5]able man return+ to 8 native c\ntry aft] an abs5ce ( sixty ye>s--aft] two :ole g5]ations _h pass$ away1 & ! grave _h clos$ ov] almo/ all 8 contempor>ies--w\ld be ( itself a matt] ( poetical int]e/1 ev5 7 ! ag$ visitor a p]son ( b ! ord9>y ca/ ( ?\ght & dep? ( feel+4 ,h[ /rik+ ! contra/ betwe5 ! sunny1 dream-l recollections ( *ildhood to su* an individual1 & ! surr\nd+ realities--betwe5 ! sc5es & figures on ?is side ! wide gulf ( sixty ye>s1 & ! sc5es & figures on t3 yond]1 ! fair locks ( infancy1 its bright1 joy\s eyes1 & its speak+ smiles2 "h1 ! grey hairs & c>eworn wr9kles ( rigid old age1 tott]+ pa9fully on ! extreme v]ge ( life6 ,b if !re atta*es ?us a poetic int]e/ to ! m]e circum/ances ( su* a visit1 h[ mu* m1 9 ! pres5t in/ance1 f ! "* ( ! visitor1--a man ^: ?\ghts & feel+s1 t9t$ by ! w>m hues ( imag9ation1 reta9 9 8 old age all ! /r5g? & fre%ness ( e>ly y\?6 ,hogg1 :5 fir/ introduc$ to ,wilkie1 express$ 8 gratification at f9d+ him s "y a man4 ,we exp]i5c$ a simil> feel+ on fir/ see+ ! poet ,montgom]y4 ,he c be no "y man1 :o1 look+ backw>ds across two :ole g5]ations1 c rec\nt f recollection1 l ,ne/or ( old1 "s ( ! occurr5ces ( ! ?ird4 ,b !re is a gre5 old age1 9 :i* ! spirits reta9 _! buoyancy1 & ! intellect its orig9al vig\r2 & ! :ole appe>ance ( ! poet gives evid5ce t 8 ev5+ ( life is ( ?is happy & desirable "*4 ,8 appe>ance speaks ( antiquity1 b n ( decay4 ,8 locks h assum$ a sn[y :it5ess1 & ! l(ty & full-ar*$ coronal region exhibits :at a bro!r poet has well t]m$ ! 'cle> bald poli% ( ! hon\r$ head2' b ! expression ( ! c\nt5ance is t ( middle life4 ,x is a cle>1 ?91 speak+ c\nt5ance3 ! features are high2 ! complexion fre%1 ?\gh n ruddy2 & age has fail$ to puck] ei!r *eek or =ehead ) a s+le wr9kle4 ,! spectator sees at a glance t all ! poet /ill survives--t ,james ,montgom]y 9 8 sixty-fif? ye> is all t he ev] 04 ,! =ehead1 r compact ?an l>ge1 swells out on ei!r side t[>ds ! region ( ideality1 & rises high1 9 a f9e ar*1 into :at1 if phr5ology speak true1 mu/ be reg>d$ z an amply develop$ organ ( v5]ation4 ,! figure is q z little t\*$ by age z ! face4 ,x is well b n /rongly made1 & ( ! middle size2 & yet !re is a t\* ( antiquity ab\t x too1 d]iv$1 h[ev]1 r f ! dress ?an f any peculi>ity 9 ! p]son itself4 ,to a pla9 suit ( black ,mr4 ,montgom]y adds ! volum9\s brea/ ruffles ( ! la/ age--exactly su* ?+s z1 9 ,scotl& at lea/1 ! fa!rs ( ! pres5t g5]ation wore on _! w$d+-days4 ,^! are p]haps b small details2 b we notice !m j because we h nev] yet met ) any "o :o took an int]e/ 9 a celebrat$ "n1 )\t try+ to picture to himself ! appe>ance ( ! individual :o bore x4 ,!re are "s v pleas+ incid5ts beautifully relat$ 9 ! address ( ,mr4 ,montgom]y4 ,x w\ld h be5 false ta/e & delicacy 9 su* a man to h =borne speak+ ( himself4 ,8 return1 aft] an abs5ce equal to ! t]m ( two full g5]ations1 to 8 native cottage1 is an incid5t exquisitely poetic4 ,he f9ds 8 fa!r's humble *apel conv]t$ into a work%op1 & /rang]s sit beside ! he>? t _h once be5 8 "m's4 ,& :]e 7 t fa!r & "m8 ,_! bones m\ld] 9 a di/ant l&1 :]e ! tomb/ones ca/ no %ad[ :5 ! fi]ce sun looks d[n at noon ^u _! graves4 ',tak+ _! lives 9 _! h&s1' !y _h gone abroad to prea* ,*ri/ to ! poor enslav$ negro1 = ^: s\l at t p]iod sc>ce any "o c>$ save ! ,unit$ ,bre?r52 & 9 ! mid/ ( _! lab\rs ( piety & love1 !y _h fall5 victims to ! climate4 ,he pass$ ?r\gh ! cottage & ! work%op1 call+ up ! dream-l recollections ( 8 e>lie/ sc5e ( exi/5ce1 & recognis+ "o by "o ! once famili> objects )94 ,"o object he fail$ to recognise4 ,x 0 a small tablet fix$ 9 ! wall4 ,he w5t up to x1 & f\nd x intimat$ t ,james ,montgom]y ! poet _h be5 born !re4 ,0 x n almo/ z if "o ( ! poets or philosoph]s ( a =m] "t _h light$1 on revisit+ ! e>? z a disembodi$ _s1 on 8 own monum5t8 ,( sc>ce less int]e/ is 8 anecdote ( ,monboddo4 ,! p>5ts ( ! poet _h gone abroad1 z we h said1 & _! little boy 0 left ) ! ,bre?r5 at ,fulneck1 a ,moravian settlem5t 9 ! si/] k+dom4 ,he 0 "o ( _! y\ng] s*ol>s at a "t :5 ,"l ,monboddo1 /ill s well kn[n = 8 great tal5ts & acquirem5ts1 & 8 sc>ce less m>k$ ecc5tricities1 visit$ ! settlem5t1 & 0 %[n1 among o!r ?+s1 _! little s*ool4 ,8 ,lord%ip /ood among ! boys1 coil+ & uncoil+ 8 :ip on ! floor1 & engag$ z if 9 c\nt+ ! nail-heads 9 ! bo>d+4 ,! little fell[s 7 all exce$+ly curi\s2 none ( !m _h ev] se5 a real live "l be=e1 & ,monboddo 0 a v /range-look+ "l inde$4 ,he wore a l>ge1 /iff1 bu%y p]iwig1 surm\nt$ by a huge1 odd-look+ hat2 8 v pla9 coat 0 /udd$ ) brass buttons ( broade/ disk1 & 8 volum9\s inexpressibles 7 ( lea!r4 ,& !re he /ood1 ) 8 grave1 abs5t face b5t d[nw>ds1 draw+ & r$raw+ 8 :ip along ! floor1 z ! ,moravian1 8 guide1 po9t$ out to 8 notice boy aft] boy4 ',& ?is1' said ! ,moravian1 com+ at l5g? to "y ,montgom]y1 'is a c\ntryman ( y\r ,lord%ip's4' ,8 ,lord%ip rais$ himself up1 look$ h>d at ! little fell[1 & !n %ak+ 8 huge :ip ov] 8 head1 ',ah1' he exclaim$1 ',i hope 8 c\ntry w h no reason to be a%am$ ( him4' ',! circum/ance1' said ! poet1 'made a deep impression on my m9d2 & ,i det]m9$--,i tru/ ! resolution 0 n made 9 va9--,i det]m9$ 9 t mom5t t my c\ntry %\ld n h reason to be a%am$ ( me4' ,scotl& has no reason to be a%am$ ( ,james ,montgom]y4 ,( all h] poets1 !re is n "o ( equal p[]1 ^: /ra9 has be5 s un9t]rupt$ly pure1 or ^: objects h be5 s inv>iably excell5t4 ,! *ild ( ! ,*ri/ian mission>y has be5 ! poet ( ,*ri/ian missions4 ,! p>5ts laid d[n _! lives 9 behalf ( ! enslav$ & p]i%+ negro2 ! son1 9 /ra9s ! mo/ vigor\s & impassion$1 has rais$ 8 g5]\s appeal to public ju/ice 9 8 behalf4 ,nor has ! appeal be5 9 va94 ,all 8 writ+s be> ! /amp ( ! ,*ri/ian2 _m ( !m--embody+ feel+s :i* all ! truly dev\t exp]i5ce1 b :i* only a poet c\ld express--h be5 made vehicles = address+ to ! ,creator ! emotions ( _m a grateful he>t2 &1 employ$ *iefly on !mes ( immortality1 !y promise to outlive n only songs ( intellectually a l[] ord]1 b ( ev5 equal p[]s ( g5ius1 into ^: o!rwise noble texture s9 has introduc$ ! elem5ts ( dea?4 #bh? ,octob] #ahda4 ----- #a #bj? ,octob] #ahda4 ,,criticism--,,int]nal ,,evid5ce4 ,! read] mu/ h (t5 rem>k$1 9 catalogues ( ! writ+s ( great au?ors--su* z ,dr4 ,johnson1 & ! ,rev4 ,john ,cumm+1 ( ! ,scot* ,*ur*1 ,london--t :ile "s ( ! pieces are describ$ z ackn[l$g$1 ! g5u95ess ( o!rs is det]m9$ m]ely by int]nal evid5ce4 ,we "k1 = in/ance1 t ! ,doctor wrote ! ,engli% ,diction>y1 n only because no o!r man 9 ! _w at ! "t c\ld h writt5 x1 b also because he affix$ 8 "n to ! title-page4 ,we "k1 too1 t he wrote "s ( ! be/ ( ,"l ,*a?am's e>li] spee*es1 j because he said s1 & po9t$ out ! v g>ret 9 ,fleet ,/reet 9 :i* !y _h be5 writt54 ,b x is f o!r data we conclude t1 dur+ 8 p]iod ( obscurity & di/ress1 he wrote prefaces = ! ,g5tleman's ,magaz9e1 = "s six or sev5 ye>s toge!r1--data d]iv$ exclusively f a discrim9at+ criticism2 & 8 claim to ! au?or%ip ( ,taylor's ,s]mons re/s solely on ! vigor\s "* ( ! ?9k+ display$ 9 ^! compositions1 & ! m>k$ peculi>ities ( _! /yle4 ,n[1 9 exactly ! same way 9 :i* we "k t ,johnson wrote ! spee*es & ! ,diction>y1 d we "k t ! ,rev4 ,john ,cumm+ drew up an introductory essay to ! liturgy ( a ,*ur* t nev] knew ( a liturgy1 & t he occasionally contributes tales to morocco annuals1 wond]ful en\gh to excite ! a/oni%m5t ( ord9>y read]s4 ,to ^! compositions he affixes 8 "n1--a ?+ v few m5 w\ld h ! c\rage to d2 & ?us are we assur$ ( _! au?or%ip4 ,b !re are o!r compositions to :i* he does n affix 8 "n1 & x is f int]nal evid5ce alone t ^! c be adjudg$ to him3 x is f int]nal evid5ce alone1 = in/ance1 t we c conclude him to be ! au?or ( ! article on ! ,scotti% ,*ur* "q :i* has appe>$ 9 ,fras]'s ,magaz9e = ! pres5t mon?4 ,may we crave leave to direct ! att5tion ( ! read] = a v few m9utes to ! gr\nds on :i* we decide8 ,x is ( importance1 z ,johnson says ( ,pope1 t no "p ( s great a writ] %\ld be suff]$ to be lo/1 & a little h>mless criticism may h ! effect ( %>p5+ ! faculties4 ,!re is a class ( ,scotti% m9i/]s 9 ! pres5t day1 :o1 ?\gh !y dete/ %[ & coxcombry1 h yet a v decid$ lean+ to ! picturesque c]emonies ( ! ,episcopal ,*ur*4 ,!y nev] we>y ( apologiz+ to our s\!rn neighb\rs = :at !y t]m ! baldness ( our ,presbyt]ian ritual1 or 9 compla9+ ( x to ourselves4 ,x 0 no lat] ?an la/ ,sunday t ,dr4 ,muir sorr[$ 9 8 lecture ov] ! '/9t$ arrangem5t 9 ! ,presbyt]ian s]vice1 t admits ( no audible response f ! p2' & all 8 g5teel] he>]s1 sympa?iz+ ) ! wor?y man1 felt h[ pleasant a ?+ x w\ld be 7 ! congregation p]mitt$ to d = him 9 ! *ur* :at ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,macf>lane1 er/ ( ,/ockbridge1 does = him 9 ! presbyt]y4 ,corporal ,trim began "o ( 8 /ories on "o occasion1 by decl>+ 't !re 0 once an un=tunate k+ ( ,bohemia2' & :5 ,uncle ,toby1 int]rupt+ him ) a sigh1 exclaim$1 ',ah1 ,corporal ,trim1 & 0 he un=tunate8' ',yes1 y\r hon\r1' readily repli$ ,trim2 'he _h a great love ( %ips & seaports1 & yet1 z y\r hon\r kn[s1 !re 0 ne'er a %ip nor a seaport 9 all 8 dom9ions4' ,n[ ?is semi-,episcopalian class are un=tunate aft] ! mann] ( ! k+ ( ,bohemia4 ,! objects ( _! desire lie f> beyond ! ,presbyt]ian t]ritories4 ,!y are re/rict$ to "o pulpit1 !y are limit$ to "o dress2 !y h actually to read & prea* f ! same footbo>d2 !y are prohibit$ ! glories ( :ite musl92 liturgy h !y none4 ,no audible responses arise f ! congregation2 ! prec5tor is sil5t1 save :5 he s+s2 _! *ur*es are organless2 & ?\gh !y set !mselves pa9fully to e/abli% _! claim to ! succession apo/olical1 ! ,hon4 ,mr4 ,p]cevals ( ! ,*ur* :i* !y love & admire see no pro( 9 _! evid5ce1 & look d[n ^u !m z ! m]e prea*+ laym5 ( a sect>ian corporation4 ,?rice un=tunate m56 ,:at 7 ! unhapp9esses ( ! k+ ( ,bohemia1 comp>$ ) ! sorr[s ( ^! humble b reject$ foll[]s ( ,episcopacy6 ,n[1 among ?is highly respectable b unhappy class1 ! ,rev4 ,john ,cumm+1 ( ! ,scot* ,*ur*1 ,london1 /&s pre-em95t4 ,s griev$ 0 ,que5 ,m>y ( ,engl& by ! loss ( ,calais1 t %e alleg$ ! v "n ( ! place w\ld be f\nd writt5 on h] he>t aft] h] dea?4 ,! words t h ! be/ *ance ( be+ f\nd inscrib$ on ! he>t ( ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,cumm+ are1 bi%op1 liturgy1 apo/olical succession1 burial s]vice1 organ1 & surplice4 ,! ideas atta*$ to ^! vocables p]vade 8 :ole /yle1 & =m f _! cont9ual recurr5ce a *>act]i/ic portion ( x4 ,!y tumble up & d[n 9 8 m9d l ! pieces ( pa9t$ glass 9 a kaleidoscope1 & pres5t !mselves 9 new comb9ations at e turn4 ,8 la/ ackn[l$g$ composition 0 a wond]ful tale :i* appe>$ 9 ! ,prote/ant ,annual = ! pres5t ye>1 &--/range subject = su* a writ]--x purport$ to be a ,tale ( ! ,cov5ant4 ,hone/ ,pet] ,walk] _h told ! same /ory1 t ( ,john ,br[n ( ,prie/hill1 ab\t a c5tury & a half ago2 b !re _h be5 mu* left = ,mr4 ,cumm+ to discov] 9 x ( :i* ! poor p$l> does n seem to h _h ! mo/ di/ant conception4 ,little did ,pet] "k t ,john ,br[n's fav\rite m9i/] 'held ! sacr$ & apo/olical succession ( ! ,scotti% prie/hood4' ,little w\ld he h ?\ght ( apologiz+ to ! ,engli% read] = '! antique & ballad v]ses' ( our metrical v]sion ( ! ,psalms4 ,inde$1 s devoid 0 he ( le>n+1 t he c\ld sc>ce h valu$ at a suffici5tly high rate ! doctr9es ( ,ox=d2 & s little gift$ ) ta/e1 t he w\ld h probably fail$ to appreciate ! sublimities ( ,brady & ,tate4 ,nor c\ld ,pet] h kn[n t ! 'liturgy ( ! he>t' 0 9 ! ,cov5ant]'s cottage1 & t ! 'litany' ( ! _s brea!d f 8 ev5+ devotions4 ,b x is all kn[n to ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,cumm+4 ,he kn[s1 too1 t !re 7 suff]+s & privations endur$ by ! p]secut$ ,presbyt]ians ( ^? days1 ( :i* writ]s ( less +5uity h no adequate conception2 t !y 7 =c$ to ! wild hill-sides1 :]e !y c\ld h no 'organs1' & compell$ to bury _! dead )\t ! solemnities ( ! fun]al s]vice4 ,unhappy ,cov5ant]s6 ,x is only n[ t y\r desc5dants are beg9n+ to le>n ! ext5t ( y\r mis]ies4 ,w\ld t x _h be5 y\r lot to live 9 ! days ( ! ,rev4 ,john ,cumm+ ( ! ,scotti% ,*ur*1 ,london6 ,he w\ld assur$ly h procur$ = y ! music-box ( "s w&]+ ,italian1 & gone away ) y to ! wilds to m+le exquisite melody ) y\r devotions1 qualify+ ) ! sweetness ( 8 tones ! 'antique & ballad' rud5ess ( y\r psalms2 nor w\ld he h fail$ to furni% y ) a liturgy1 by means ( :i* y c\ld h int]r$ y\r dead 9 dec5cy4 ,_h su* be5 ! arrangem5t1 no aft] writ] c\ld h rem>k$1 z ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,cumm+ does n[1 t no 'peal+ organ' m+l$ 'its h>mony ( bass1 t5or1 treble1 & soprano' :5 y sung1 or h record$ ! atroci\s fact1 t n only 0 ,john ,br[n ( ,prie/hill %ot by ,clav]h\se1 b actually buri$ by 8 fri5ds )\t ! fun]al s]vice4 ,& h[ /rik+ & affect+ an incid5t w\ld x n =m 9 ! hi/ory ( ! p]secution1 c\ld x n[ be told1 t :5 surpris$ by ! dragoons1 ! good ,mr4 ,cumm+ fl$ ov] hill & holl[ ) ! box on 8 back1 turn+ ! h&le z he w5t1 & urg+ 8 limbs to _! utmo/ spe$1 le/ ! ,episcopalian soldi]y %\ld br+ him back & make him a bi%op6 ,x is p>tly f ! m ?an semi-,episcopalian "* ( ?is g5tleman's op9ions1 p>tly f ! inimitable felicities ( 8 /yle1 & p>tly f "o or two peculi> incid5ts 9 8 hi/ory :i* lead to a p>ticul> tone ( rem>k1 t we inf] him to be ! writ] ( ! article 9 ,fras]4 ,we may be ( c\rse mi/ak51 b ! int]nal evid5ce seems wond]fully /rong4 ,! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,cumm+1 ?\gh emphatically p[]ful 9 declamation1 has nev] practis$ argum5t1--a mean & undignifi$ art1 :i* he leaves to m5 su* z ,mr4 ,cunn+ham1 j z ! g5teel leave ! art ( box+ to ! commonalty2 & 9 grappl+ lately ) a /rong-bon$ ,iri% ,presbyt]ian1 skilful ( f5ce1 he caught1 z g5tlem5 sometimes d1 a sev]e fall1 & began /raightway to *>act]ize ,iri% ,presbyt]ians z a set ( m5 v inf]ior inde$4 ,n[ ! writ] 9 ,fras] has a fl+ la ,cumm+ at ! ,iri% ,presbyt]ians4 ,popul> election has1 x seems1 done m>vell\sly little = !m2 ) v few exceptions1 _! 'm9i/ry' is nei!r 'erudite1 influ5tial1 nor accompli%$1' & _! ,*ur* 'exhibits ! symptoms ( he>t disease4' ,dep5d on x1 "s /\t ,iri% ,presbyt]ian has entail$ ! %ame ( defeat on ! writ] 9 ,fras]4 ,mr4 ,cumm+1 9 8 tale1 adv]ts to ! majority ( ! ,scotti% ,*ur* z 'radical subv]t]s ( ,*ur* & ,/ate1 :o claim ! ,cov5ant]s z prec$5ts = a c\rse ( conduct f :i* ! dignifi$ ,h5d]son1 ! r5[n$ ,gillespie1 ! le>n$ ,b9n+1 ! labori\s ,d5ham1 ! heav5ly-m9d$ ,ru!r=d1 ! religi\s ,wellwood1 ! zeal\s ,cam]on1 & ! pray]ful ,p$51 w\ld h revolt$ 9 horror4' ,! writ] ( ! article br+s out exactly ! same s5tim5t1 ?\gh n q s decid$ly1 9 :at ,meg ,dodds w\ld h t]m$ a gr& /yle ( language4 ,at no "t1 he ass]ts1 did non-intrusion exi/ 9 ! s5se n[ cont5d$ = 9 ,scotl&2 at no "t might n qualifi$ m9i/]s be ?ru/ ^u reclaim+ p>i%es by ! presbyt]y3 & z = ! vetoi/s1 !y are b wild radicals1 :o are to be 'classifi$ by ! good s5se ( ,engl& ) ^? lum9>ies ( ! age1 ,dan ,o',connell1 ,john ,fro/1 & o!rs ( t ilk4' ,9 ! article !re is a compla9t t our majority are mis]ably unacqua9t$ ) ,scotti% ecclesia/ical hi/ory2 & !re is special m5tion made ( ,mr4 ,cunn+ham z an individual n only ignorant ( facts1 b z ev5 incapable ( be+ made to feel _! =ce4 ,9 ! ,annual1 z if ,mr4 ,cumm+ wi%$ to exemplify1 !re is a passage 9 ,scotti% ecclesia/ical hi/ory1 ( :i* we are c]ta9 ,mr4 ,cunn+ham n only kn[s no?+1 b :i* we are sure he w prove too ob/9ate to cr$it or compreh5d4 ',! celebrat$ ,mr4 ,cam]on1' says ! m9i/] ( ! ,scotti% ,*ur*1 ,london1 '0 left on ,drumclog a mangl$ corpse4' ,f9e ?+ to be m9utely acqua9t$ ) ecclesia/ical hi/ory6 ,we illit]ate non-intrusioni/s hold1 & we are afraid ,mr4 ,cunn+ham among ! re/1 t ! celebrat$ ,cam]on 0 kill$1 n at ! skirmi% ( ,drumclog1 b at ! skirmi% ( ,airdmoss1 :i* did n take place until ab\t a twelvemon? aft]2 b ?is mu/ result surely f our ignorance4 ,has ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,cumm+ no int5tion ( settl+ our disputes1 by giv+ u a new hi/ory ( ! ,*ur*8 ,t portion ( ! int]nal evid5ce 9 ! article be=e u :i* dep5ds on /yle & mann]1 seems v conclusive inde$4 ,take "s ( ! av[$ sublimities ( ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,cumm+4 ,no man /&s m beautifully on tiptoe :5 he sets himself to cat* a f9e ?\ght4 ,9 describ+ an atta*$ congregation1 ',! he>]'s pray]s rose to heav51' he says1 '& return$ 9 ! %ape ( broad imp5etrable buckl]s ar\nd ! v5]able man4 ,a ?\s& broadswords leapt 9 a ?\s& scabb>ds1 z if ! electric eloqu5ce ( ! m9i/] f\nd 9 !m conductors & depositories4' ,poetry su* z ?is is /ill some:at r>e2 b m>k ! k9dr$ beauties ( ! writ] 9 ,fras]4 ,ar\nd su* m5 z ,mr4 ,tait1 ,dr4 ,m',leod1 & ,dr4 ,muir1 'mu/ cry/allize ! piety & ! hopes ( ! ,scotti% ,*ur*4' ,:at a sup]b figure6 ,only ?9k ( ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,muir z ( a ?read 9 a piece ( sug> c&y1 & ! piety ( ! ,dean ( ,faculty & ,mr4 ,p5ney1 jo9$ to t ( "s f\r or five hundr$ respectable ladies ( bo? sexes besides1 all /ick+ out ar\nd him 9 cubes1 hexagons1 & prisms1 l cleft almonds 9 a bi%op-cake4 ,h>dly inf]ior 9 ! figurative is ! passage :i* foll[s3 ',! ,doctor 7,dr4 ,*alm]s7 rides on at a rickety trot1--,messrs4 ,cunn+ham1 ,begg1 & ,c&li% by turns :ipp+ up ! worn\t ,ros5ante1 & mak+ ! rid] believe t w9dmills are ,*ur* pr9ciples1 & ! e*oes ( _! ?und] solid argum5t4 ,a dit* w come2 & :5 ! fir/ effects ( ! fall are ov]1 ! dumbf\nd$ ,pr(essor w awake to ! deception1 & smite ! m9n[s ( vetoism hip & ?igh4' ,! writ] ( ?is passage is unque/ionably an +5i\s man1 b he c\ld surely h made a little m ( ! la/ figure4 ,a diss]tation on ! hips & ?ighs ( m9n[s might be made to reflect new hon\r on ev5 ! g5ius ( ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,cumm+4 ,x is ma9ly1 h[ev]1 f ! ,episcopalian tone ( ! article t we d]ive our evid5ce4 ,! writ] seems to hold1 ) ,*>les ,,ii41 t ,presbyt]ianism is no fit religion = a g5tleman4 ,true1 ! ,mod]ates 7 g5teel m51 ( poli% & propriety1 su* z ,mr4 ,jaffray ( ,dunb>1 :o nev] at synod or presbyt]y did or said any?+ t 0 n /rictly polite2 b !n ! ,mod]ates _h b little ( ,presbyt]ianism 9 _! religion1 & p]haps1 not)/&+ _! 'quiet1 amiable1 & c\rte\s demean\r1' little ( religion itself4 ,x is to q a diff]5t class t ! hope ( ! writ] turns4 ,he /ates t 'melan*oly facts & /rong argum5ts aga9/ ! practical work+ ( ,presbyt]y is at ?is mom5t impress+ itself 9 ,scotl& on e unprejudic$ spectator2' t !re is a p>ty1 h[ev]1 ') :om ! m9i/]ial (fice is a sacr$ inve/iture1 transmitt$ by succession ?r\gh pa/or to pa/or1 & f age to age1--m5 induct$ to _! respective p>i%es1 n because _! flocks l or dislike !m1 b because ! sup]9t5d+ au?orities1 aft] ! ex]cise ( solemn1 m9ute1 & pati5t inve/igation1 h det]m9$ t ?is or t pa/or is ! fitte/ & be/ = ?is or t p>i%2' t !re exi/ 9 ?is noble p>ty '! g]ms ( a possible unity ) ! s\!rn ,*ur*2' & t !re is d\btless a "t com+ :5 ! body ( our ,e/abli%m5t1 'sick ( slav]y "u ! "n ( fre$om1 & ( %e] ,pop]y "u ,presbyt]ian col\rs1 %all s5d up ?ree ( _! be/ m5 to ,london = consecration1 & ,episcopacy %all aga9 become ! adoption ( ,scotl&4' ,r>ely has ! imag9ation ( ! poet conjur$ up a vision ( great] spl5d\r4 ,! m9i/] ( ! ,scot* ,*ur*1 ,london1 may die ,ar*bi%op ( ,/4 ,&rews4 ,& su* an ar*bi%op6 ,we are told 9 ! article t '! *annel along :i* m9i/]ial ord]s are to be transmitt$ is ! pa/ors ( ! ,*ur*1 :e!r !y meet toge!r 9 ! presbyt]y1 or are compress$ & consolidat$ 9 ! bi%op4' ,b is n ?is und]/at+ ! case on ! ,episcopal side8 ,:at w\ld n ,scotl& ga9 if %e c\ld compress & consolidate a simple presbyt]y1 su* z t ( ,ed9burgh--its ,*alm]s & its ,gordon1 its ,c&li% & its ,cunn+ham1 its ,gu?rie1 its ,br[n1 its ,b5nie1 its ,begg--9 %ort1 all its num]\s memb]s--into "o great ,bi%op ,john ,cumm+1 late ( ! ,scot* ,*ur*1 ,london6 ,! man :o conv]ts tw5ty-"o %ill+s into a gold gu9ea ga9s no?+ by ! process2 b ! case w\ld be ess5tially diff]5t "h1 = n only w\ld !re be a great good accompli%$1 b also a great evil remov$4 ,z = ,dr4 ,*alm]s1 x is 'pa9fully evid5t1' says ! writ] ( ! article1 't he reg>ds only ?ree ?+s additional to a sup]nal influ5ce z requisite to con/itute any "o a m9i/]--a k ( ,*ri/ianity1 & end[m5t1 & a p>i%2' & z = ! re/ ( ! g5tlem5 nam$1 !y are j prep>+ to d1 9 an 'ecclesia/ical way 9 ,ed9burgh1 :at ,robespi]re1 ,m>at1 & o!rs did 9 a corporal way 9 ! ,conv5tion ( #agic4' ,hog>? qu>rell$ ) ,*ur*ill1 & drew him z a be> 9 canonicals4 ,_h he liv$ to qu>rel ) ! ,rev4 ,john ,cumm+1 he w\ld 9 all probability h drawn him z a puppy 9 g[n & b&2 & no "o :o kn[s aught ( ! pa9t] c d\bt t he w\ld h /rik+ly pres]v$ ! lik5ess4 ,z = ourselves1 we m]ely indulge 9 a piece ( conjectural criticism4 ,! o!r p>ts ( ! article are ca/ v mu* into ! ord9>y type ( t side ( ! controv]sy to :i* x belongs3 !re is r m ?an ! usual am\nt ( misrepres5tation1 inconsi/5cy1 & abuse1 ) "h & !re a peculi>ity ( /atem5t4 ,patrons are describ$ z ! 'tru/ees ( ! supreme magi/rate1 beautifully & dev\tly appo9t$ to submit ! pres5tee to ! presbyt]y4' ,"l ,ab]de5's bill is eulogiz$ z suit$ to 'conf] a great] boon on ! laity ( ,scotl& ?an 0 ev] conf]r$ on !m by ! ,g5]al ,assembly4' ,! sev5 cl]gym5 ( ,/ra?bogie are prais$ = 'hav+ r5d]$ unto ,god ! ?+s t are ,god's1' '_! enemies be+ judges4' ,! m9ority ( ! ,*ur* conta9s1 x is /at$1 its be/ m51 & its mo/ dilig5t m9i/]s4 ,z = ! majority1 !y h be5 possess$ by a _s ( 'deep delusion2' _! only idea ( a 'cl]gyman is a prea*+ ma*9e1 t makes a prodigi\s vocif]ation1 & pleases ! h]d4' ,!y are de/9$ to become' contemptible & base2' _! attitude is an 'unrighte\s attitude2' !y are aim+1 'l ,popi% prie/s1' at 'supremacy' & a deadly despotism1 ?r\gh ! sides ( ! p2 !y are 'suicidally dive/+ !mselves ( _! p[] z cl]gym51 by surr5d]+ to ! p ess5tially ,episcopal functions2' !y are 'wild m51' & (f5d]s aga9/ ! 'div9e head%ip2' & ! writ] holds1 !re=e1 t if ! ,e/abli%m5t is to be ma9ta9$ 9 ,scotl&1 !y mu/ be cru%$1 & t soon1 by ! /rong arm ( ! law4 ,we ne$ make no fur!r rem>ks on ! subject4 ,to employ "o ( ! writ]'s own illu/rations1 ! hi/ory ( ,robespi]re p[]fully demon/rates t great vanity1 great weakness1 & great cruelty1 may all f9d room toge!r 9 "o little m9d4 ,m>* #aj1 #ahda4 ,,! ,,sanctities ,,( ,,matt]4 ,,to ,,! ,,editor ,,( ,,! ,,witness4 ,,sir1--,^u he>+ read al\d y\r rem>ks#a 9 ! ,witness ( ,saturday ! #bh? ultimo1 ^u ! dang] ( inve/+ ! m]e build+ 9 :i* we meet = public wor%ip ) a "* ( sanctity1 an ,engli% g5tleman ask$1 ',h[ does ! writ] ( t article reconcile ) 8 views our ,savi\r's conduct1 describ$ by ,/4 ,john1 ii4 #ad-ag1 & by ea* ( ! o!r evangeli/s8' ,?\gh q dispos$ to agree ) ! purport ( y\r rem>ks1 & fully aw>e t ! t5d5cy ( ! op9ions op5ly promulgat$ by a l>ge section ( ! cl]gy ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& is to give '! ,*ur*' ! place :i* %\ld be occupi$ by a liv+ & active fai? 9 our ,savi\r1 ,i f\nd x difficult to meet ?is g5tleman's objections1 & only rem9d$ him t y made a special exception 9 ! case ( ! ,jewi% temple4 ,br\ght up f *ildhood1 z ,engli%m5 are1 ) almo/ sup]/iti\s rev]5ce = ! build+s 'consecrat$' & set ap>t = religi\s uses1 x is difficult to meet objections f\nd$ on su* /rong prejudices z 7 evid5t 9 ?is case4 ,if any argum5ts sugge/ !mselves to y1 to %[ t ! passage above ref]r$ to _c be fairly employ$ 9 ! def5ce ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& t5ets1 9 fav\r ( consecrat+ *ur*es1 & ( rev]5ce am\nt+ almo/ to ! wor%ip ( ext]nal objects devot$ to religi\s purposes1 y w oblige me by /at+ !m4--,i rema91 ,sir1 ,y\r ob$i5t s]vant1 ,,an ,,abs5tee4 ,! passage ( ,scripture ref]r$ to by ! ',engli% ,g5tleman' "h z sc>cely reconcilable ) ! views promulgat$ 9 ! ,witness ( ! #bh? ult4 runs z foll[s3--',& ,jesus w5t up to ,j]usalem1 & f\nd 9 ! temple ^? t sold ox51 & %eep1 & doves1 & ! *ang]s ( money1 sitt+2 & :5 ,he _h made a sc\rge ( small cords1 ,he drove !m all out ( ! temple1 & ! %eep & ! ox52 & p\r$ out ! *ang]s' money1 & ov]?rew ! tables2 & said unto !m t sold doves1 ,take ^! ?+s h5ce2 make n my ,fa!r's h\se a h\se ( m]*&ise4' ,x w p]haps be rememb]$ by our read]s1 t 9 ref]r+ to ! ,scot* e/imate ( ! sacr$ness ( ecclesia/ical edifices1 we employ$ words to ! foll[+ effect3--',we 7! ,scot* p7 h be5 taught t ! _w1 s9ce x began1 saw b two truly holy edifices2 & t ^!1 ! ,tab]nacle & ! ,temple1 7 z direct revelations f ,god z ! ,scriptures !mselves1 & 7 z c]ta9 embodim5ts ( ,8 w1 ?\gh !y spoke 9 ! obscure language ( type & symbol4' ,n[ ! passage ( ,scripture "h cit$ is 9 h>moni\s accordance ) ?is view4 ,x 0 f "o ( ^! truly holy edifices t our ,savi\r drove ! %eep & ox51 & indignantly expell$ ! money-*ang]s4 ,)\t1 h[ev]1 begg+ ! :ole "q at issue--)\t tak+ = grant$ ! v po9t to be prov51 i4e4 ! intr9sic hol9ess ( ,*ri/ian places ( wor%ip--! text has no be>+ :atev] on ! view tak5 by ! ',engli% ,g5tleman4' ,if build+s su* z ,york ,ca!dral1 ,we/m9/] ,abbey1 & ,/4 ,paul's1 be holy 9 ! s5se 9 :i* ! temple 0 holy1 !n ! passage z c]ta9ly applies to !m z x appli$1 9 ! times ( our ,savi\r1 to ! sacr$ edifice :i* 0 s rem>kable a revelation ( ,himself4 ,b :]e is ! evid5ce ( an intr9sic hol9ess 9 ^! build+s8 ,:]e is ! pro( t ! rite ( consecration is a rite accord+ to ! m9d ( ,god8 ,:]e is ! probability ev5 t x is o!r ?an a piece ( m]e w-wor%ip1 orig9at$ 9 ! d>k ages2 or t x conf]s "o :it m sanctity on ! edifice :i* x pr(esses to r5d] sacr$1 ?an ! break+ a bottle ( w9e on ! %ip's /em1 :5 %e is />t+ (f ! slips1 conf]s sanctity on ! %ip8 ,/&s x on any sur] gr\nd ?an ! baptism ( bells1 ! sacrifice ( ! mass1 or ! five spuri\s sacram5ts8 ,if x be a ,new ,te/am5t in/itution1 x mu/ possess ,new ,te/am5t au?ority4 ,:]e is t au?ority8 ,c x be possible1 h[ev]1 t ! %rewd ,engli% really diff] f u 9 our e/imate8 ,we ?9k we h good gr\nds = hold+ !y d n4 ,on a late occasion we enjoy$ ! pleasure ( visit+ n only ,york ,ca!dral1 b ,we/m9/] ,abbey & ,/4 ,paul's1 & saw q en\gh to make ev5 ! lea/ mi/ru/ful suspect t ! pr(ess$ ,episcopalian belief 9 ! sacr$ness ( ecclesia/ical edifices is b %e] make-belief aft] all4 ,! ',engli% ,g5tleman' ref]s to ! example ( our ,savi\r 9 ?ru/+ =? ! money-*ang]s f ! temple1 z a sort ( pro( t ecclesia/ical edifices are holy2 & we %[ t x m]ely proves ! temple to h be5 holy4 ,! passage has1 h[ev]1 a direct be>+ on a some:at diff]5t po9t3 x con/itutes a te/ by :i* to try ! reality ( ?is o/5sible belief ( ,engli% ,episcopalians 9 ! sacr$ness ( _! *ur*es & ca!drals4 ,if ! ,engli%1 especially ,engli% ,*ur*m51 act ) reg>d to _! ecclesia/ical build+s 9 ! way our ,savi\r act$ ) reg>d to ! temple1 !n x is b fair to hold t _! belief 9 _! sacr$ness is real4 ,b if1 on ! contr>y1 we f9d !m act+1 n z our ,savi\r act$1 b z ! money-*ang]s or ! cattle-sell]s act$1 !n is x equally fair to conclude t _! belief 9 _! sacr$ness is n a real belief1 b a piece ( m]e pret5ce4 ,9 ! nor? transept ( ,york ,m9/] !re may be se5 a table l a tomb ( black ,purbec m>ble1 support$ by an iron trellis1 & be>+ atop ! effigy ( a wa/$ corpse wrapp$ 9 a w9d+-%eet4 ',?is monum5t1' says a little "w descriptive ( ! edifice1 '0 erect$ to ! memory ( ,john ,haxby1 =m]ly treasur] to ! *ur*1 :o di$ 9 #adbd2 & 9 compliance ) /ipulations 9 "s ( ! anci5t *ur* de$s & settlem5ts1 occasional paym5ts ( money are made on ?is tomb to ! pres5t day4' ,"h1 at lea/1 is "o money-*ang+ table introduc$ into ! consecrat$ area1 & ?is n irregul>ly or surreptiti\sly1 l ! money-*ang+ tables :i* ( old pr(an$ ! temple1 b ?r\gh ! delib]ately =m$ /ipulations ( ecclesia/ical de$s & settlem5ts4 ,! /ate ( ?+s 9 ,/4 ,paul's & ,we/m9/]1 h[ev]1 ?r[s ! money-table ( ,york ,m9/] f> into ! %ade4 ,! hol9esses ( ,/4 ,paul's we f\nd conv]t$ into a twop5ny1 & ^? ( ,we/m9/] into a sixp5ny %[4 ,= ! small sum ( twop5ce "o may be admitt$1 at an ,engli% prov9cial fair1 to see ! old puppet exhibition ( ,pun* & ,judy1 & ( ,solomon 9 all 8 glory2 & = ! small sum ( twop5ce 7 we admitt$1 9 l mann]1 to see ,/4 ,paul's1 to see *oir1 communion-table1 & gr& alt>1 & ev]y?+ else ( peculi> sacr$ness )9 ! edifice4 ,! hol9esses ( ,we/m9/] co/ ?rice z mu*1 b 7 a good b>ga9 not)/&+4 ,w\ld ,engli% ,*ur*m5 p]mit1 f> less orig9ate & insi/ 9 dogg$ly ma9ta9+1 s palpable a pr(anation1 did !y really believe _! ca!drals to be holy8 ,! debas$ ,jewi% prie/hood ( ! times ( our ,savi\r suff]$ ! money-*ang]s to traffic un*all5g$ )9 ! temple2 b !y did n conv]t ! temple itself into a twop5ny %[3 !y did n make halfp5ce by exhibit+ ! table ( %ew-bread1 ! alt> ( inc5se1 & ! gold5 c&le/ick1 nor lift up corn]s ( ! veil at ! rate ( a p5ny a peep4 ,x is worse ?an nons5se to hold t a belief 9 ! sacr$ness ( ecclesia/ical build+s c co-exi/ ) cl]ical practices ( ! k9d we describe3 ! ?+ is a too palpable improbability2 ! text quot$ by ! ,engli%man is conclusive on ! po9t4 ,w\ld any man 9 8 s5ses n[ hold t ! old ,jewi% prie/s really believ$ _! temple to be holy1 _h !y done1 :at !y _h dec5cy en\gh n to d--conv]t$ x into a r>ee-%[8 ,& are we n ju/ifi$ 9 apply+ to ,engli% ,*ur*m5 ! rule :i* w\ld be at once appli$ to ,jewi% prie/s8 ,! ,presbyt]ians ( ,scotl& d n deem _! ecclesia/ical edifices holy1 b !re are c]ta9 natural associations t ?r[ a degree ( solemnity ov] places 9 :i* m5 assemble to wor%ip ,god2 & 9 ord] t ^! may n be outrag$1 !y nev] conv]t _! *ur*es into twop5ny %[-boxes4 ,practically1 at lea/1 ! ,scot* respect = dec5cy goes a va/ deal fur!r ?an ! ,engli% reg>d = :at !y pr(ess1 v ins9c]ely x w\ld seem1 to hold sacr$4 ,we h said !re is q z little ,new ,te/am5t au?ority = consecrat+ a place ( wor%ip z = baptiz+ a bell2 & if 9 ! wrong1 c ( c\rse be easily set "r4 ,if ! au?ority exi/s1 x c be no difficult matt] to produce x4 ,we w\ld fa9 ask ! read] to rem>k ! /rik+ diff]5ce :i* obta9s betwe5 ! ,mosaic & ! ,new ,te/am5t disp5sations 9 all t reg>ds ! mat]ialisms ( _! respective places ( wor%ip4 ,we f9d 9 ! ,p5tateu* *apt] aft] *apt] occupi$ ) ! me*anism ( ! tab]nacle4 ,! patt]n giv5 9 ! m\nt is z m9utely describ$ z any portion ( ! c]emonial law1 & = exactly ! same reason3 ! "o z c]ta9ly z ! o!r 0 'a figure ( ?+s to come4' ,h[ exce$+ly m9ute1 too1 ! description ( ! temple6 ,h[ v p>ticul> ! n>rative ( its d$ication6 ,! pray] ( ,solomon1 ,heav5-inspir$ = ! occasion1 =ms an impressive *apt] 9 ! sacr$ record1 t addresses itself to all "t4 ,b :5 ! old /ate ( ?+s _h pass$ away1--:5 ! mat]ial 0 rel9qui%$ = ! spiritual1 ! %ad[ = ! sub/ance1 ! type = ! antitype1--we he> no m ( places ( wor%ip to :i* an intr9sic hol9ess atta*$1 or ( impos+ rites ( d$ication4 ,n 9 edifices deem$ sacr$ 0 ! gospel promulgat$1 s long z ! gospel rema9$ pure1 b 9 'hir$ h\ses' & 'upp] rooms1' or 'riv]-sides1 :]e pray] 0 wont to be made1' 9 *amb]s on ! '?ird l(t1' (t5 9 ! /reets1 (t5 9 ! m>ket-place1 9 ! fields & by solit>y waysides1 on %ipbo>d & by ! sea-%ore1 '9 ! mid/ ( ,m>s ,hill' at ,a!ns1 &1 :5 p]secution began to d>k51 amid ! deep gloom ( ! sepul*ral cav]ns ( ,rome4 ,! "t _h evid5tly come1 ref]r$ to by ! ,savi\r1 :5 nei!r 9 ! temple at ,j]usalem1 nor on ! m\nta9 deem$ sacr$ by ! ,sam>itans1 0 ! ,fa!r to be wor%ipp$2 b all ov] ! _w1 '9 _s & 9 tru?4' ,until ,*ri/ianity _h become corrupt1 we d n he> ev5 ( ornate *ur*es1 f> less ( ,*ri/ian alt>s1 ( an ord] ( ,*ri/ian prie/s1 ( ! w-wor%ip ( consecration1 or ( ! presum$ hol9ess ( ins5sate matt]1--all unau?oriz$ additions ( man's mak+ to a religion fa/ s9k+ at ! "t "u a load ( human inv5tions1--additions :i* 7 9 no degree ! m sacr$1 because fil*$1 amid ! d>kness ( sup]/ition & error1 f ! abrogat$ ,mosaic disp5sation4 ,! foll[+ is1 we believe1 ! fir/ notice ( f9e ,*ri/ian *ur*es :i* occurs 9 hi/ory2--we quote f ! ecclesia/ical "w ( ,dr4 ,wel%1 & deem ! passage a significant "o3--',f ! beg9n+ ( ! reign ( ,galli5us till ! n9ete5? ye> ( ,diocletian1' says ! hi/orian1 '! ext]nal tranquillity ( ! ,*ur* suff]$ no g5]al int]ruption4 ,! ,*ri/ians1 ) p>tial exceptions1 7 all[$ ! free ex]cise ( _! religion4 ,"u ,diocletian op5 pr(ession ( ! new fai? 0 made ev5 9 ! imp]ial h\sehold2 nor did x prove a b>ri] to ! highe/ hon\rs & employm5ts4 ,9 ?is /ate ( affairs ! condition ( ! ,*ur* seem$ 9 ! highe/ degree prosp]\s4 ,conv]ts 7 multipli$ ?r\gh\t all ! prov9ces ( ! empire2 & ! anci5t *ur*es prov+ insuffici5t = ! accommodation ( ! increas+ multitudes ( wor%ipp]s1 spl5did edifices 7 erect$ 9 e city1 :i* 7 fill$ ) cr[d$ congregations4 ,b ) ?is outw>d appe>ance ( success1 ! purity ( fai? & wor%ip became gradually corrupt$2 &1 /ill m1 ! vital _s ( religion suff]$ a melan*oly decl9e4 ,pride & ambition1 emulation & /rifes1 hypocrisy & =mality among ! cl]gy1 & sup]/itions & factions among ! p1 br\ght reproa* on ! ,*ri/ian cause4 ,9 ^! circum/ances ! judgm5ts ( ! ,"l 7 manife/$1 & ! ,*ur* 0 visit$ ) ! sev]e/ p]secution to :i* x ev] yet _h be5 subject$4' ,!re are few m valuable *apt]s 9 ,locke ?an ! "o 9 :i* he traces "s ( ! grave/ errors t infe/ human life to a false association ( ideas4 ,b ( all 8 illu/rations1 employ$ to exhibit 9 ! true light ?is copi\s s\rce ( error1 !re is n "o half s /rik+ z t furni%$ by ! false association :i* connects ! hol9ess t c alone atta* to ! liv+ & ! immortal1 ) e>?1 mort>1 & /one1 pieces ( m\ld]+ s]ge1 & bits ( rott5 wood4 ,ne>ly "o half ( ! errors ) :i* ,pop]y has d>k5$ & ov]laid ! religion ( ! ,cross1 h orig9at$ 9 ?is p>ticul> species ( false association4 ,! sup]/ition ( pilgrimages1 ) all its long catalogue ( crime & suff]+1 inclusive ( bloody w>s1 protract$ = ages1--- ',:5 m5 /ray$ f> to seek ,9 ,golgo?a ,him dead :o lives 9 heav51'-- ! idolatry ( relics1 s /rangely reviv$ on ! ,cont95t 9 our own times1--! allegorical w-wor%ip embodi$ 9 /one & lime1 :i* ,puseyism is at pres5t s busy 9 introduc+ into ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 & :i* r5d]s e ecclesia/ical build+ a sort ( apocryphal temple1 full1 l ! apocryphal books1 ( all mann] ( error & nons5se1--a ?\s& o!r absurdities & het]odoxies besides1--h all orig9at$ 9 ?is cause4 ,true1 su* association is mo/ natural to man1 &1 :5 ( a purely secul> "*1 h>mless2 nay1 !re are cases 9 :i* x may be ev5 laudably indulg$4 ',:5 ,i f9d ,tully confess+ ( himself1' says ,johnson1 't he c\ld n =be> at ,a!ns to visit ! walks & h\ses :i* ! old philosoph]s _h frequ5t$ or inhabit$1 & recollect ! rev]5ce :i* e nation1 civil & b>b>\s1 has paid to ! gr\nd :]e m]it has be5 buri$1 ,i am afraid to decl>e aga9/ ! g5]al voice ( mank9d1 & am incl9$ to believe t ?is reg>d :i* we involunt>ily pay to ! meane/ relique ( a man great & illu/ri\s1 is int5d$ z an incitem5t to lab\r1 & an enc\ragem5t to expect ! same r5[n if x be s\ght by ! same virtues4' ,we f9d ne>ly ! same s5tim5t eloqu5tly exp\nd$ 9 ! ,doctor's fam\s passage on ,iona4 ,b !re exi/s a gr& di/9ction betwe5 natural feel+s prop] 9 _! own place1 & natural feel+s p]mitt$ to ent] ! religi\s field1 & vitiate ! integrity ( revelation4 ,x is f ! natural alone 9 su* cases t dang] is to be appreh5d$2 see+ t :at is n accord+ to ! m5tal con/itution ( man1 is ( necessity at once unproductive & %ortliv$4 ,let due weight be giv5 to ! associative feel+1 9 its prop] sph]e1--let x dispose u to inve/ ) a quiet dec5cy our places ( wor%ip1--let u1 at all ev5ts1 n conv]t !m into secul> c\nt+-rooms or twop5ny %[-boxes2 b let u also rememb] t natural association is n div9e tru?--t !re atta*es no hol9ess to slat$ ro(s or /one walls--t "u ! ,new ,te/am5t disp5sation m5 d n wor%ip 9 temples1 :i*1 l ! alt> ( old1 sanctifi$ ! gift1 b 9 m]e places ( %elt]1 t conf] no sacr$ness on _! s]vices2 & t ! 'h\r has come1 & n[ is1 :5 !y t wor%ip ! ,fa!r mu/ wor%ip ,him 9 _s & 9 tru?4' ,april #ae1 #ahdf4 ----- #a ,see ,fir/ ,impressions ( ,engl& & its ,p1 *4 ,,ii4--,,ed4 ,,! ,,late ,,rev4 ,,alex&] ,,/ew>t4 ,our la/ convey$ to our read]s ! m\rnful intellig5ce ( ! illness & dea? ( ! ,rev4 ,alex&] ,/ew>t ( ,crom>ty1--a man less kn[n1 p]haps1 ?an any o!r ( ne>ly equal calibre1 or ( a resembl+ exquisitiv5ess ( m5tal faculty1 :i* 8 c\ntry has ev] produc$1 b ^: sudd5 removal has1 we f9d1 creat$ an impression f> beyond ! circle ( ev5 8 occasional he>]s1 t ! _s :i* has pass$ away 0 "o ( ! high ca/ :i* nature r>ely produces1 & t ! consequ5t blank creat$ 9 ! exi/+ phalanx ( intellect is "o :i* _c be fill$ up4 ,comp>atively little z ! deceas$ 0 kn[n beyond 8 own imm$iate walk ( duty or circle ( acqua9tance%ip1 x is yet felt by ?\s&s1 ( :om ! great] "p knew ( him m]ely at second-h& by ! abid+ impression :i* he _h left on ! m9ds ( ! o!rs1 t1 accord+ to ! poet1 ',a mighty _s is eclips$2 a p[] ,ha? pass$ f day to d>kness1 to ^: h\r ,( light no lik5ess is bequea!d--no "n4' ,! subject is "o ) :i* we c sc>ce tru/ ourselves4 ,!re are no writ+s to :i* we c appeal1 = ,mr4 ,/ew>t has left none1 or at lea/ none suit$ to convey an adequate impression ( 8 p[]s2 & yet ( no?+ are we m ?or\ghly conv9c$1 ?an t ! orig9ality & vig\r ( 8 ?9k+1 & ! s+ul> vividness & =ce ( 8 illu/rations1 add$ to a comm& ( ! pr9ciples ( analogical reason+1 :i* ev5 a ,butl] might h envi$1 entitl$ him to rank ) ! able/ & mo/ extraord9>y m5 ( ! age4 ,col]idge 0 n m ?or\ghly orig9al1 nor c\ld he imp>t to 8 pictures m vividness ( col\r+1 or m decid$ /r5g? ( outl9e4 ,9 glanc+ ov] our limit$ /ock ( idea1 to note h[ we h come by x1 we f9d t to two ,scot*m5 ( ! pres5t c5tury we /& m l>gely indebt$ ?an to any ( _! contempor>ies1 ei!r at home or abroad4 ,m ( _! ?9k+ has got into our m9d ?an t ( any ( ! o!rs2 & _! images & illu/rations recur to u m frequ5tly4 ,& "o ( ^! is ,?omas ,*alm]s2 ! o!r1 ,alex&] ,/ew>t4 ,!re is an ord] ( intellect decid$ly orig9al 9 its ca/1 & ( consid]able p[]1 to :om not)/&+ orig9ality is dang]\s4 ,goldsmi?1 :5 he fir/ ent]$ on 8 lit]>y c>e]1 f\nd t all ! good ?+s on ! side ( tru? _h already be5 said2 & t 8 good ?+s1 if he really desir$ to produce any1 w\ld require all to be said on ! side ( p>adox & error4 ',:5 ,i 0 a "y man1' he /ates1 9 a passage :i* ,johnson c5sur$ him = aft]w>ds expung+1 'be+ anxi\s to di/+ui% myself1 ,i 0 p]petually />t+ new propositions4 ,b ,i soon gave ?is ov]1 = ,i f\nd t g5]ally :at 0 new 0 false4' ,poor ,edw>d ,irv+ =m$ a melan*oly illu/ration ( ?is species ( orig9ality4 ,8 /ock ( /rik+ ?+s on ! side ( tru? 0 soon exp5d$2 notoriety _h mean:ile become z ess5tial to 8 com=t z ard5t spirits to t ( ! dram-dr9k]1 or 8 p]nici\s drug to t ( ! invet]ate opium-eat]2 & s1 to procure ! supply ( ! un:olesome pabulum1 )\t :i* he c\ld n cont9ue to exi/1 he laun*$ into a p]il\s ocean ( het]odoxy & extravagance1 & made %ipwreck ( 8 fai?4 ,8 orig9ality =m$ b ! crook$ w&]+s ( a j\rney] :o _h =sak5 ! "r way1 & lo/ himself 9 ! mazes ( a doleful wild]ness4 ,n su* ! orig9ality ( ! high] ord] ( m9ds2 n su*1 = in/ance1 ! orig9ality ( a ,newton1 ( :om x has be5 well said by a di/+ui%$ ,fr5* critic1 t ':at prov9ce ( ?\ght soev] he und]took1 he 0 sure to *ange ! ideas & op9ions receiv$ by ! re/ ( m54' ,"o ( ! mo/ /rik+ *>act]i/ics ( ,mr4 ,/ew>t's orig9ality 0 ! solidity ( ! tru?s :i* x always evolv$4 ,8 0 n ! ability ( op5+ up new vi/as 9 :i* all 0 unfamili>1 simply because ! direction 9 :i* !y l$ 0 "o 9 :i* m5's ?\ght _h no occasion to travel1 & no bus9ess to p]=m4 ,x 01 on ! contr>y1 ! greatly high] ability ( enl>g+1 wid5+1 & l5g!n+ ! av5ues long be=e op5$ ^u important tru?s1 &1 9 consequ5ce1 enabl+ m5 to see new & unwont$ objects 9 old1 famili> directions4 ,t 9 :i* he excell$ all m5 we ev] knew1 0 ! analogical faculty--! p[] ( detect+ & demon/rat+ occult resemblances4 ,he c\ld read (f z if by intuition--n by snat*es & fragm5ts1 b z a consecutive :ole--t old] revelation ( type & symbol :i* ,god fir/ gave to man2 & :5 privileg$ to li/5 to him1 we h recognis$1 9 ! evid5t integrity ( ! read+1 & ! pr(\nd & consi/5t wisdom ( :at ! record convey$1 a demon/ration ( ! div9ity ( its orig91 n less p[]ful & conv9c+ ?an t to be f\nd 9 any dep>tm5t ( ! ,*ri/ian evid5ces yet op5$ up4 ,comp>$ ) ev5 ! high] names 9 ?is dep>tm5t1 we h felt "u 8 m9i/ry z if1 :5 admitt$ to ! company ( "s p>ty ( mod]n savans employ$ 9 deciph]+ a hi]oglyphic-cov]$ obelisk ( ! des]t1 & "h successful 9 discov]+ ! mean+ ( an insulat$ sign1 & !re ( a deta*$ symbol1 we _h be5 sudd5ly jo9$ by "s sage ( ! old5 "t1 to :om ! my/]i\s inscription 0 b a piece ( common language writt5 9 a famili> alphabet1 & :o c\ld read (f flu5tly & z a :ole :at ! o!rs c\ld b d>kly & pa9fully guess at 9 deta*$ & brok5 p>ts4 ,to ?is s+ul> p[] ( trac+ analogies !re 0 add$ 9 ,mr4 ,/ew>t an ability ( orig9at+ ! mo/ vivid illu/rations4 ,9 "s in/ances a s+le /roke produc$ a figure t swept across ! subject-matt] ( 8 disc\rse l ! image ( a lant]n on a wall2 9 o!rs1 he dwelt ^u ! picture produc$1 f9i%+ x ) /roke aft] /roke1 until x fill$ ! :ole imag9ation1 & sank deep into ! memory4 ,we rememb] he>+ him prea* on "o occasion on ! return ( ! ,jews1 z a p1 to ,him :om !y _h reject$1 & ! effect :i* _! sudd5 conv]sion c\ld n fail to h on ! unbeliev+ & ,g5tile _w4 ,sudd5ly 8 language1 f its high level ( eloqu5t simplicity1 became at once t ( metaphor3 ',:5 ,joseph1' he said1 '%all reveal himself to 8 bre?r51 ! :ole h\se ( ,ph>aoh %all he> ! weep+4' ,c\ld !re be an allusion ( m classical beauty1 or m f9ely *>g$ ) typical tru?8 ,& yet su* 0 "o ( ! common & brief] ex]cises ( ! illu/rative faculty 9 ?is gift$ man4 ,on ano!r occasion we he>d him dwell on t va/ pr(undity *>act]i/ic ( ! scriptural repres5tations ( ,god1 :i* ev] deep5s & broad5s ! long] & ! m ?or\ghly x is explor$1 until at l5g? ! /ud5t--/ruck at fir/ by its expansiv5ess1 b conceiv+ ( x z if x 7 a m]e measur$ expansiv5ess--f9ds t x p>takes ( ! unlimit$ inf9ity ( ! div9e nature itself4 ,naturally & simply1 z if gr[+ out ( ! subject1 l a gre5 b]ry-cov]$ misletoe on ! mossy trunk ( a rev]5d oak1 !re sprang up "o ( 8 m l5g!n$ illu/rations4 ,a *ild br$ up 9 ! int]ior ( ! c\ntry has be5 br\ght = ! fir/ "t to ! sea-%ore1 & c>ri$ out to ! middle ( "o ( ! noble fri?s t ind5t s deeply our l9e ( coa/2 & on 8 return he in=ms 8 fa!r1 ) all a *ild's eag]ness1 ( ! wond]ful expansiv5ess ( ! ocean :i* he has se54 ,he w5t out1 he tells1 f> amid ! great waves & ! ru%+ tides1 till at l5g? ! huge hills seem$ dim9i%$ into m]e hummocks1 & ! wide l& itself appe>$ along ! wat]s b z a slim /rip ( blue4 ,& !n :5 9 mid-sea ! sailors heav$ ! lead2 & x w5t d[n1 & d[n1 & d[n1 & ! long l9e slipp$ swiftly away ov] ! boat-edge coil aft] coil1 till1 ere ! plummet re/$ on ! ouse bel[1 all 0 well-nigh exp5d$4 ,& 0 x n ! great sea1 asks ! boy1 t 0 s va/ly broad1 & s pr(\ndly deep8 ,ah6 my *ild1 exclaims ! fa!r1 y h n yet se5 aught ( its greatness1--y h sail$ ov] m]ely "o ( its little arms4 ,_h x be5 out into ! wide ocean t ! seam5 _h c>ri$ y1 y w\ld h se5 no %ore1 & y w\ld h f\nd no bottom4 ,9 "o r>e quality ( ! orator1 ,mr4 ,/ew>t /ood alone among 8 contempor>ies4 ,pope ref]s1 9 "o ( 8 satires1 to a /range p[] ( creat+ love & admiration by j 't\*+ ! br9k ( all we hate2' & ,burke1 9 "s ( 8 nobl] passages1 happily exemplifies ! ?+4 ,he int5sifi$ ! effect ( 8 burn+ eloqu5ce by ! employm5t ( figures s homely1 nay1 almo/ s repulsive 9 !mselves1 t a man ( l[] p[]s :o v5tur$ _! use w\ld f9d !m effici5t m]ely 9 l[]+ 8 subject & ru9+ 8 cause4 ,we may ref]1 9 illu/ration1 to ,burke's celebrat$ figure ( ! disemb[ell$ bird1 :i* occurs 9 8 indignant d5ial t ! "* ( ! revolution>y ,fr5* 9 aught resembl$ t ( ! ,engli%4 ',we h n1' he says1 'be5 drawn & truss$1 9 ord] t we may be fill$1 l /uff$ birds 9 a museum1 ) *aff & rags1 & paltry blurr$ %r$s ( pap] ab\t ! rights ( man4' ,into ?is p]il\s b s+ul>ly effective dep>tm5t1 clos$ aga9/ ev5 sup]ior m51 ,mr4 ,/ew>t c\ld ent] safely & at w4 ,we he>d him1 sc>ce a twelvemon? s9ce1 deliv] a disc\rse ( s+ul> p[]1 on ! s9-(f]+ ( ! ,jewi% economy1 z m9utely p>ticul>iz$ by ! div9e p5man 9 ,leviticus4 ,he describ$ ! slaught]$ animal--f\l ) du/ & blood--its ?roat ga%$ across--its entrails laid op5--& /eam+ 9 its impurity to ! sun1 z x await$ ! consum+ fire1 amid ! uncleanness ( a%es outside ! camp1--a vile & horrid ?+1 :i* no "o c\ld see )\t exp]i5c+ emotions ( disgu/1 nor t\* )\t contract+ defilem5t4 ,! picture appe>$ too pa9fully vivid1 its introduction too little 9 accordance ) ! rules ( a j ta/e4 ,x seem$ a ?+ to be cov]$ up1 n exhibit$4 ,b ! ma/] 9 ?is difficult walk well knew :at he 0 do+4 ',& t1' he said1 z if po9t+ to ! /rongly-col\r$ picture he _h j complet$1 '& t is ,,s94' ,by "o /roke ! int5d$ effect 0 produc$1 & ! ris+ disgu/ & horror transf]r$ f ! revolt+ mat]ial image to ! great moral evil4 ,we _h fondly hop$ t = a man s s+ul>ly gift$1 & :o _h b rea*$ ! ripe maturity ( middle life1 !re rema9$ important "w yet to d4 ,he seem$ peculi>ly fitt$1 if b plac$ 9 a comm&+ sph]e1 = m9i/]+ to "s ( ! intellectual wants1 & = )/&+ ) s+ul> effici5cy "s ( ! m p]il\s t5d5cies1 ( ! religi\s _w 9 ! pres5t day4 ,t ,a!nian ?ir/ = ! new s g5]ally abroad1 & :i* _m h s unhappily satisfi$ ) ! un:olesome & ! p]nici\s1 he c\ld satisfy ) provision at once s\nd & novel4 ,& no man ( ! age _h m ?or\ghly /udi$ ! prevail+ !ological errors ( ! "t 9 _! fir/ insidi\s approa*es1 or c\ld m skilfully indicate ! exact po9t at :i* !y div]ge f ! tru?4 ,b 8 "w on e>? is = ev] ov]2 & ! s5se ( b]eavem5t is deep5$ by ! reflection t1 save 9 ! memory ( a few1 he has left beh9d him no adequate impress ( ! p[]s ( 8 und]/&+ or ( ! f95ess ( 8 g5ius4 ,x is /range h[ mu* ! lack ( a s+le +r$i5t 9 a man's moral con/itution--& t1 too1 an +r$i5t 9 itself ( a l[ & vulg> ca/--may affect "o's :ole de/9y4 ,x 0 ! gr& defect ( ?is gift$ man1 t t s5tim5t ( self-e/eem1 :i* seems 9 _m in/ances s absurd & ridicul\s a ?+1 & :i* "s1 9 _! little wisdom1 w\ld s fa9 /rike out f among ! compon5ts ( human "*1 0 almo/ :olly awant+4 ,z ! m9i/] ( an atta*$ prov9cial congregation1 a s5se ( duty l$ him to /udy mu* & deeply2 & he p\r$ =? viva voce 8 full-volum$ & _m-sp>kl+ tide ( eloqu5t idea z freely & ri*ly z ! night+ale1 unconsci\s ( a li/5]1 p\rs =? h] melody 9 ! %ade4 ,b he c\ld n be made to und]/& or believe1 t :at s impress$ & delight$ ! privileg$ few :o surr\nd$ him 0 equally suit$ to impress & delight ! _m outside1 or t he 0 fitt$ to speak ?r\gh ! press 9 tones :i* w\ld compel ! att5tion n m]ely ( ! religi\s1 b also ( ! lit]>y _w4 ,& s 8 exquisitely-ton$ ?9k+ p]i%$ l ! music ( ! bygone ye>s1 has di$ ) himself1 or1 we %\ld p]haps r say1 has gone ) him to t bett] l&1 :]e all ^? fruits ( intellect t ! human spirits ( greate/ calibre h 9 ?is _w produc$1 mu/ =m b ! comp>atively meagre beg9n+s ( inf9ite1 nev]-end+ acquirem5t4 ,mr4 ,/ew>t 0 "o ( ! em95tly excell5t & loveable1 & 8 entire "* ( ! mo/ transp>5t1 *ildlike simplicity4 ,! great realities ( et]nity 7 nev] f> di/ant f 8 ?\ghts4 ,end[$ ) p[]s ( hum\r at lea/ equal to 8 o!r faculties1 & a s5se ( ! ludicr\s s+ul>ly nice1 he has (t5 rem9d$ u 9 8 g5ial mom5ts1 :5 indulg+ mo/ freely1 ( a happy *ild at play 9 ! pres5ce ( its fa!r4 ,nev] 0 !re an equal am\nt ( wit m h>mlessly indulg$1 or f :i* "o c\ld pass m directly or ) less di/raction to ! contemplation ( ! matt]s :i* p]ta9 to et]nity4 ,& no "o c\ld be long 9 8 company )\t hav+ 8 ?\ghts turn$ t[>ds t unse5 _w to :i* he has n[ pass$1 or )\t receiv+ emphatic te/imony reg>d+ t ,div9e ,p]son :o is ! wisdom & ! p[] ( ,god4 ,we h se5 x /at$ t ,mr4 ,/ew>t '0 sl[ to jo9 ! non-intrusion p>ty1 & to acquiesce 9 ! necessity ( ! secession4' ,on ?is po9t we are qualifi$ to speak4 ,no "o enjoy$ m ( 8 society dur+ ! fir/ beg9n+s ( ! controv]sy1 or 0 m l>gely hon\r$ ) 8 confid5ce1 ?an ! writ] ( ^! rem>ks2 & ! "o po9t ( diff]5ce betwe5 ,mr4 ,/ew>t & him 9 _! discussions 9 ^? days 01 t :ile ! writ] 0 sangu9e en\gh to anticipate a successful t]m9ation to ! ,*ur*'s /ruggle1 8 sob]] anticipations 7 ( a "* :i* ! ,disruption 9 #ahdc entirely v]ifi$4 ,b ) ! actual result full 9 view1 he 0 yet ! fir/ man 9 8 p>i%--we believe1 9 8 presbyt]y also--to take 8 /&1 mode/ly & unassum+ly z became 8 "*1 b ) a firmness :i* nev] once sw]v$ or wav]$4 ,nay1 long ere ! /ruggle began1 f\nd+ on data ) :i* we pret5d n to be acqua9t$1 he decl>$ 8 conviction to n a few ( 8 p>i%ion]s1 t ( ! ,e/abli%m5t1 z !n con/itut$1 he 0 to be ! la/ m9i/] 9 t p>i%4 ,we "k no?+1 we repeat1 ( ! data on :i* he f\nd$2 b he himself held t ! conclusion 0 fairly d$ucible f ^? sacr$ oracles :i* no man m pr(\ndly /udi$ or m ?or\ghly knew4 ,alas6 :at c x betok5 our ,*ur*1 t we %\ld ?us see su* m51 at once its /r5g? & its ornam5t1 s fa/ fall+ ar\nd u1 l comm&+ (fic]s pick$ d[n at ! beg9n+ ( a battle1 & t s few ( resembl+ "*1 & none ( at lea/ equal p[]1 %\ld be ris+ to occupy ! places made desolate by _! fall6 ,novemb] #ac1 #ahdg4 ,,! ,,calotype4 ,!re are "s two or ?ree slight advantages :i* real m]it has1 t fictiti\s m]it has n2 among ! re/1 an especial advantage1 :i*1 we ?9k1 %\ld recomm5d x to at lea/ ! quiet] memb]s ( society--! advantage ( be+ unobtrusive & mode/4 ,x presses itself mu* less on public notice ?an its vagabond antagoni/1 & makes mu* less noise2 x walks1 = a "t at lea/1 z if slipp]$ 9 felt1 & leaves ! lieges q at fre$om to take notice ( x or no1 z !y may feel incl9$4 ,x is cont5t1 9 its infancy1 to ?rive 9 sil5ce4 ,x does n squall 9 ! nurs]y1 to ! di/urbance ( ! :ole h\se1 l '! major ro>+ = 8 porridge4' ,:at1 = in/ance1 c\ld be quiet] or m mode/1 9 its fir/ /ages1 ?an ! inv5tion ( ,james ,watt8 :at m obtrusive or noisy1 on ! contr>y1 ?an ! inv5tion ( ,mr4 ,h5son8 ,& we h illu/rations ( ! same tru? 9 our ,scotti% metropolis at ! pres5t mom5t1 t seem 9 no degree less /rik+4 ,phr5o-mesm]ism & ! calotype h be5 introduc$ to ! ,ed9burgh public ab\t mu* ! same "t2 b h[ v diff]5tly h !y f>$ hi!rto6 ,a real inv5tion1 :i* bids fair to produce "s ( ! greate/ revolutions 9 ! f9e arts ( :i* !y h ev] be5 ! subject1 has z yet attract$ comp>atively little notice2 an inv5tion :i* s]ves b to demon/rate t ! pres5t age1 ) all its boa/$ enlight5m5t1 may yet n be v unfitt$ = ! reception ( sup]/itions ! mo/ irrational & gross1 is l>gely occupy+ ! att5tion ( ! community1 & fill+ column aft] column 9 our public pr9ts4 ,we %all v5ture to take up ! quiet] inv5tion ( ! two z ! g5u9e "o1--z ! inv5tion :i* w occupy mo/ space a c5tury h5ce1--& direct ! att5tion ( our read]s to "s ( ! m /rik+ ph5om5a :i* x illu/rates1 & "s ( ! purposes :i* x may be yet made to subs]ve4 ,!re are few lov]s ( art :o h look$ on ! figures or l&scapes ( a cam]a obscura )\t =m+ ! wi% t1 among ! hidd5 secrets ( matt]1 "s means might be discov]$ = fix+ & r5d]+ !m p]man5t4 ,if nature c\ld be made h] own limn]1 if by "s magic art ! reflection c\ld be fix$ ^u ! mirror1 c\ld ! picture be o!r ?an true8 ,b ! wi% mu/ h seem$ an idle "o1--a wi% ( ne>ly ! same ca/ z ^? :i* all rememb] to h =m$ at "o happy p]iod ( life1 9 connection ) ! fam\s cap & purse ( ! fairy tale4 ,c\ld aught seem less probable ?an t ! =ms ( ! ext]nal _w %\ld be made to conv]t ! p5cils ( light :i* !y emit into real bona fide p5cils1 & comm5ce tak+ _! own lik5esses8 ,improbable z ! ?+ may h seem$1 h[ev]1 !re 7 p[]s 9 nature ( pot5cy en\gh to effect x1 & ! newly discov]$ art ( ! photograph] is simply ! art ( employ+ ^!4 ,! figures & l&scapes ( ! cam]a obscura c n[ be fix$ & r5d]$ p]man5t1--n yet 9 all _! v>i\s %ades ( col\r1 b 9 a /yle sc>ce less /rik+1 & to :i* ! limn]1 z if by anticipation1 has already _h rec\rse4 ,! connoisseur unacqua9t$ ) ! results ( ! rec5t discov]y1 w\ld decide1 if %[n a set ( photographic impressions1 t he _h be=e him ! c>efully f9i%$ draw+s 9 sepia ( "s great ma/]4 ,! /rong] lights1 z 9 sket*es done 9 ?is col\r1 pres5t m]ely ! :ite gr\nd ( ! pap]2 a t+e ( s(t w>m br[n indicates ! lights ( l[] tone2 a deep] & /ill deep] t+e succe$s1 %ad+ by sc>ce p]ceptible degrees ?r\gh all ! v>i\s gradations1 until ! d>k] %ades conc5trate into an opaque & d+y umb]1 t almo/ rivals black 9 its int5sity4 ,we h at ! pres5t mom5t be=e u--& v wond]ful ?+s !y c]ta9ly are--draw+s on :i* a human p5cil 0 nev] employ$4 ,!y are /rangely sugge/ive ( ! capabilities ( ! art4 ,"h1 = in/ance1 is a sc5e 9 ,george ,/reet1--"p ( ! pavem5t2 & a l9e ( build+s1 f ! /ately erection at ! corn] ( ,hanov] ,/reet1 ) its pr\d ,cor9?ian columns & ri* cornice1 to ,melville's ,monum5t & ! h\ses :i* =m ! ea/]n side ( ,/4 ,&rew ,squ>e4 ,/4 ,&rew's ,*ur* rises 9 ! middle di/ance4 ,! draw+ is tru? itself2 b !re are cases 9 :i* m]e tru? might be no great m]it3 7 ! tru? re/rict$ "h to ! proportions ( ! ar*itecture1 !re c\ld be no?+ ga9$ by survey+ ! transcript1 t c\ld n be ga9$ by survey+ ! orig9als4 ,9 ?is little br[n draw+1 h[ev]1 ! tru? is tru? accord+ to ! rules ( l9eal p]spective1 un]r+ly d$uc$2 & f a set ( simil> draw+s1 ?is art ( p]spective1 s important to ! arti/--:i* has be5 s v>i\sly taught1 & 9 :i* s _m ma/]s h fail$--c\ld be m surely acquir$ ?an by any o!r means4 ,( all ! _m treatises yet writt5 on ! subject1 "o ( ! be/ 0 produc$ by ! celebrat$ ,f]guson ! a/ronom]1 ! sole fruit d]iv$ to ! f9e arts by 8 tw5ty ye>s' application to pa9t+4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 "s ( 8 rules arbitr>y 9 _! application1 & ! propriety ( :i* he has n ev5 attempt$ to demon/rate4 ,"h1 = ! fir/ "t1 on ?is squ>e ( pap]1 h we ! data on :i* p]spective may be r5d]$ a c]ta9 sci5ce4 ,we h b to apply our compasses & rules 9 ord] to discov] ! proportions 9 :i*1 accord+ to _! di/ances1 objects dim9i%4 ,m>k ^! columns1 = in/ance4 ,"o l9e prolong$ 9 ! l9e ( _! ar*itrave1 & ano!r l9e prolong$ 9 ! l9e ( _! bases1 bisect "o ano!r 9 ! po9t ( sight fix$ 9 ! di/ant horizon2 & 9 ?is "o important po9t we f9d all ! o!r p>allel l9es ( ! build+ conv]g+4 ,! fact1 ?\gh unkn[n to ! anci5ts1 has be5 long famili> to ! arti/s ( comp>atively mod]n times1--s famili>1 inde$1 t x =ms "o ( ! fir/ lessons ( ! draw+-ma/]4 ,! rule is a fix$ "o2 b !re is ano!r rule equally important1 n yet fix$1--t rule ( proportion by :i* to det]m9e ! bread? :i* a c]ta9 ext5t ( frontage betwe5 ^! conv]g+ l9es %\ld occupy4 ,! pr9ciple on :i* ! horizontal l9es conv]ge is already kn[n1 b ! pr9ciple on :i* ! v]tical l9es cut ^! at c]ta9 det]m9ate di/ances is n yet kn[n4 ,x is easy tak+ ! latitudes ( ! art1 if we may s speak1 b its longitudes are /ill to discov]4 ,at l5g?1 h[ev]1 h we ! l9es ( discov]y indicat$3 9 ! ar*itectural draw+s ( ! calotype ! p]spective is t ( nature itself2 & to arrive at j conclusions1 we h b to measure & comp>e1 & asc]ta9 proportions4 ,"o result ( ! discov]y ( ! calotype w be1 we d\bt n1 ! production ( complet] treatises on p]spective ?an h yet be5 giv5 to ! _w4 ,ano!r v curi\s result w be1 9 all probability1 a new mode ( design = ! purposes ( ! engrav]1 especially = all ! illu/rations ( books4 ,= a l>ge class ( works ! lab\rs ( ! arti/ bid fair to be re/rict$ to ! composition ( tableaux vivants1 :i* x w be ! "p ( ! photograph] to fix1 & !n transf] to ! engrav]4 ,to p]sons ( arti/ical skill at a di/ance1 ! sugge/ion may appe> some:at wild4 ,su* ( our read]s1 h[ev]1 z h se5 ! jo9t productions ( ,mr4 ,hill & ,mr4 ,adamson 9 ?is dep>tm5t1 w1 we are conv9c$1 n deem x wild 9 ! lea/4 ,comp>$ ) ! m$iocre pr9ts ( n9e-t5?s ( ! illu/rat$ works n[ issu+ f ! press1 ^! productions s]ve admirably to %[ h[ imm5se ! di/ance betwe5 nature & h] less skilful imitators4 ,!re is a tru?1 bread?1 & p[] ab\t !m :i* we f9d 9 only ! highe/ walks ( art1 & n (t5 ev5 9 ^!4 ,we h plac$ a head ( ,dr4 ,*alm]s tak5 9 ?is way beside "o ( ! mo/ p[]ful pr9ts ( him yet giv5 to ! public1 & f9d f ! contra/ t ! latt]1 ) all its p[]1 is b a m]e approximation4 ,!re is a sk9n9ess ab\t ! lips :i* is n true to nature2 ! *9 is n br\ght /rongly en\gh out2 ! %ade b5ea? ! "u lip is too broad & too flat2 ! nose droops1 & lacks ! firm-set appe>ance s *>act]i/ic ( ! orig9al2 & :ile ! bread? ( ! =ehead is exagg]at$1 !re is sc>ce ju/ice done to its height4 ,we decide at once 9 fav\r ( ! calotype--x is tru? itself2 & yet1 :ile ! design ( ! pr9t--a m]e approximation z x is--mu/ h co/ a man ( g5ius mu* pa9s & /udy1 ! draw+ 9 br[n beside x 0 b ! "w ( a few seconds3 ! eye ( an accompli%$ arti/ det]m9$ ! attitude ( ! orig9al1 & ! light reflect$ f ! =m & features accompli%$ ! re/4 ,7 t sket* 9 br[n to be s5t to a skilful engrav]1 he w\ld r5d] x ! gr\ndwork ( by f> ! mo/ fai?ful pr9t :i* ! public has yet se54 ,& h[ int]e/+ to h b\nd up ) ! writ+s ( ?is di/+ui%$ div9e1 n a m]e pr9t 9 :i* !re might be deviations f ! tru?1 b ! calotype draw+ itself6 ,9 "s future book sale1 copies ( ! ,a/ronomical ,disc\rses ) calotype heads ( ! au?or prefix$1 may be f\nd to be> v high prices inde$4 ,an autograph ( ,%akespe>e has be5 sold ( late = consid]ably m ?an an hundr$ gu9eas4 ,:at price w\ld "s e>ly edition ( 8 works be>1 ) 8 lik5ess 9 calotype front+ ! title8 ,corporations & colleges1 nay1 c\rts & gov]nm5ts1 w\ld outbid "o ano!r 9 ! pur*ase4 ,or :at w\ld we n give to be p]mitt$ to look ev5 on a copy ( ! ,p>adise ,lo/ ) a calotype portrait ( ! poet 9 front--s]5ely placid 9 bl9dness & adv]sity1 solac+ himself1 ) upturn$ ?\gh sightless eyes1 amid ! sublime visions ( ! ideal _w8 ,h[ deep ! int]e/ :i* w\ld atta* to a copy ( ,cl>5don's ,hi/ory ( ! ,civil ,w>1 ) calotypes ( all ! m rem>kable p]sonages :o figur$ 9 t v rem>kable "t--,*>les1 ,cromwell1 ,laud1 ,h5d]son1 ,hampd51 ,/raf=d1 ,falkl&1 & ,seld51--& ) ^! ! ,wall]s & ,miltons & ,c[leys1 _! contempor>ies & coadjutors6 ,! hi/ory ( ! ,re=m ,bill c\ld /ill be illu/rat$ aft] ?is mann]2 s also c\ld ! hi/ory ( ,roman ,ca?olic ,emancipation 9 ,irel&1 & ! hi/ory ( our ,*ur* ,"q 9 ,scotl&4 ,ev5 9 ?is dep>tm5t--! dep>tm5t ( hi/oric illu/rations--we anticipate mu* & int]e/+ employm5t = ! photograph]4 ,we h two well-m>k$ draw+s be=e u1 9 :i* we recognise ! capabilities ( ! art = produc+ pictures ( composition4 ,!y are tableaux vivants transf]r$ by ! calotype4 ,9 ! "o,footnote3 ,see ,frontispiece a bonnet$ me*anic re/s ov] 8 mallet on a tomb/one--8 "o arm b>$ above 8 elb[2 ! o!r wrapp$ up 9 ! well-indicat$ %irt folds1 & re/+ on a piece ( grotesque sculpture4 ,!re is a p[]ful sun2 ! some:at rigid folds 9 ! dress ( co>se /uff are well m>k$2 "o half ! face is 9 deep %ade1 ! o!r 9 /rong light2 ! *ur*y>d wall ?r[s a broad %ad[ beh9d1 :ile 9 ! =egr\nd !re is a gracefully *equ]$ bread? ( int]m+l$ d>k & light 9 ! =m ( a mass ( rank grass & foliage4 ,_h an old ?9 man ( /rik+ figure & features be5 select$1 & "s /udy-worn s*ol> introduc$ 9 front ( him1 ! result w\ld h be5 a design ready = ! engrav] :5 employ$ 9 illu/rat+ ! ,old ,mortality ( ,sir ,walt]4 ,! o!r draw+ pres5ts a tableau vivant on a l>g] scale1 & ( a mu* deep] int]e/4 ,x =ms "o ( ! gr\ps tak5 "u ! eye ( ,mr4 ,hill1 z mat]ials = ! composition ( 8 hi/oric picture4 ,9 ! c5tre ,dr4 ,*alm]s sits on ! ,mod]ator's *air1 & !re are gr\p$ r\nd him1 z on ! plat=m1 "s eighte5 or tw5ty ( ! bett] kn[n memb]s ( ! ,*ur*1 cl]ical & lay4 ,no?+ c be m admirable ?an ! tru?fulness & ease ( ! figures4 ,wilkie1 9 8 repres5tations ( a cr[d1 excell$ 9 introduc+ heads1 & h&s1 & faces1 & p>ts ( faces into ! int]/ices beh9d1--"o ( ! greate/ difficulties ) :i* ! arti/ c grapple4 ,"h1 h[ev]1 is ! difficulty surm\nt$--surm\nt$1 too1 z if to be> te/imony to ! g5ius ( ! dep>t$--9 ! /yle ( ,wilkie4 ,we may add fur!r1 t ! great massiv5ess ( ! head ( ,*alm]s1 comp>$ ) ! _m f9e heads ar\nd him1 is admirably br\ght out 9 ?is draw+4 ,9 glanc+ ov] ^! photographic sket*es1 "o _c avoid be+ /ruck by ! sil5t b impressive eulogium :i* nature pron\nces1 ?r\gh _! ag5cy1 on ! works ( ! m em95t ma/]s4 ,!re is mu* 9 see+ nature tru?fully1 & 9 regi/]+ :at are 9 reality h] prom95t m>k+s4 ,arti/s ( a l[] ord] are cont9ually fall+ into m]e mann]isms--peculi>ities ( /yle t belong n to nature1 b to !mselves1 j because1 cont5t$ ) acquirem5t1 !y cease see+ nature4 ,9 ord] to avoid ^! mann]isms1 !re is an eye ( fre% obs]vation requir$--t ability ( cont9u\s att5tion to surr\nd+ ph5om5a :i* only sup]ior m5 possess2 & d\btless to ?is eye ( fre% obs]vation1 ?is ability ( cont9u\s att5tion1 ! ma/]s ow$ mu* ( _! tru? & _! p[]4 ,h[ v tru?fully & p]sev]+ly "s ( !m saw1 is well illu/rat$ by ^! photographic draw+s4 ,"h1 = in/ance1 is a portrait exactly aft] ! mann] ( ,raeburn4 ,!re is ! same broad fre$om ( t\*2 no nice m9iature /ippl+s1 z if laid 9 by ! po9t ( a ne$le--no %>p-edg$ /rokes3 all is solid1 massy1 broad2 m di/9ct at a di/ance ?an :5 view$ ne> at h&4 ,! arrangem5t ( ! lights & %ad[s seems r ! result ( a happy ha/e1 9 :i* half ! effect 0 produc$ by design1 half by accid5t1 ?an ( great lab\r & c>e2 & yet h[ exquisitely true ! g5]al aspect6 ,e /roke tells1 & s]ves1 z 9 ! portraits ( ,raeburn1 to d m ?an relieve ! features3 x s]ves also to indicate ! prevail+ mood & pr$om9ant p[] to ! m9d4 ,& "h is ano!r portrait1 quiet1 deeply-ton$1 g5tlemanly1--a transcript app>5tly ( "o ( ! m *>act]i/ic portraits ( ,sir ,?omas ,lawr5ce4 ,p]haps1 h[ev]1 ( all our ,briti% arti/s1 ! arti/ ^: publi%$ works mo/ ne>ly resemble a set ( ^! draw+s is ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds4 ,we h a folio volume ( engrav+s f 8 pictures be=e u2 & :51 plac+ side by side ) ! pr9ts ! sket*es 9 br[n1 we rem>k ! /rik+ simil>ity ( /yle t prevails betwe5 !m1 we feel m /rongly ?an at p]haps any =m] p]iod1 t ! fri5d ( ,johnson & ( ,burke mu/ h be5 a consummate ma/] ( 8 art4 ,! engrav]1 h[ev]1 _c h done full ju/ice to ! orig9als4 ,!re is a want ( dep? & prom95ce :i* ! ne> neighb\rhood ( ! photographic draw+s r5d]s v app>5t3 ! %ades 9 ! subord9ate p>ts ( ! picture are m c>eless & mu* less true2 nor h ! lights ! same vivid & sun%9y effect4 ,!re is "o p>ticul> k9d ( resemblance betwe5 ! two :i* /rikes z rem>kable1 because ( a k9d :i* c\ld sc>ce be anticipat$4 ,9 ! volume ( pr9ts !re are ?ree sev]al lik5esses ( ! arti/ himself1 all v admirable z pieces ( art1 & all1 no d\bt1 suffici5tly l1 b yet all dissimil> 9 "s po9ts f ea* o!r4 ,& ?is dissimil>ity 9 ! degree :i* x obta9s1 "o might naturally deem a defect--! result ( "s slight inaccuracy 9 ! draw+4 ,%\ld n portraits ( ! same individual1 if all p]fect lik5esses ( him1 be all p]fectly l "o ano!r8 ,no2 n at all4 ,a man at "o mom5t ( "t1 & se5 f "o p>ticul> po9t ( view1 may be v unlike himself :5 se5 at ano!r mom5t ( "t1 & f ano!r po9t ( view4 ,we h at pres5t be=e u ! photographic lik5esses ( f\r sev]al individuals--?ree lik5esses ( ea*--& no two 9 any ( ! f\r sets are q alike4 ,!y diff] 9 expression1 accord+ to ! mood :i* prevail$ 9 ! m9d ( ! orig9al at ! mom5t 9 :i* !y 7 impr9t$ ^u ! pap]4 ,9 "s respects ! physiognomy seems diff]5t2 & ! features appe> m or less massy 9 ! degree 9 :i* ! lights & %ad[s 7 m or less /rong1 or 9 :i* ! p>ticul> angle !y 7 tak5 9 br\ght !m out 9 high] or l[] relief4 ,we %all v5ture j "o rem>k m on ^! v int]e/+ draw+s4 ,! subject is s sugge/ive ( ?\ght at ! pres5t /age1 t x w\ld be no easy matt] to exhau/ x2 & x w1 we h no d\bt1 be /ill m sugge/ive ( ?\ght by & by2 b we are encroa*+ on our limits1 & mu/ re/ra9 ourselves1 !re=e1 to ! indication ( j "o ( ! tra9s ( ?\ght :i* x has s]v$ to orig9ate4 ,_m ( our read]s mu/ be acqua9t$ ) ,dr4 ,?omas ,br[n's !ory ( att5tion1--'a /ate ( m9d1' says ! philosoph]1 ':i* has be5 und]/ood to imply ! ex]cise ( a peculi> intellectual p[]1 b :i*1 9 ! case ( att5tion to objects ( s5se1 appe>s to be no?+ m ?an ! co-exi/5ce ( desire ) ! p]ception ( ! object to :i* we are said to att5d4' ,he proce$s to in/ance h[1 9 a l&scape 9 :i* ! incuri\s gaze may see _m objects )\t look+ at or kn[+ !m1 a m]e desire to "k br+s out into di/9ctness e object 9 succession on :i* ! desire fixes4 ',in/antly1 or almo/ in/antly1' cont9ues ! metaphysician1 ')\t our consci\sness ( any new or peculi> /ate ( m9d int]v5+ 9 ! process1 ! l&scape becomes to our vision altoge!r diff]5t4 ,c]ta9 p>ts only--^? p>ts :i* we wi%$ to "k p>ticul>ly--are se5 by u2 ! rema9+ p>ts seem almo/ to h vani%$4 ,x is z if ev]y?+ be=e _h be5 b ! d\btful col\r+ ( en*antm5t1 :i* _h disappe>$1 & left u ! few prom95t realities on :i* we gaze2 or r z if "s in/ant en*antm5t1 ob$i5t to our wi%es1 _h dissolv$ e reality beside1 & br\ght clos] to our sight ! few objects :i* we desir$ to see4' ,n[1 9 ! transcript ( ! l>g] tableau vivant be=e u--t :i* repres5ts ,dr4 ,*alm]s seat$ among 8 fri5ds on ! ,mod]ator's *air--we f9d an exemplification suffici5tly /rik+ ( ! laws on :i* ?is seem+ly my/]i\s p[] dep5ds4 ,!y are purely /ructural laws1 & relate n to ! m9d1 b to ! eye1--n to ! prov9ce ( ! metaphysician1 b to t ( ! pr(essor ( optics4 ,! l5s ( ! cam]a obscura transmits ! figures to ! prep>$ pap]1 on q ! same pr9ciple on :i* 9 vision ! cry/all9e l5s conveys !m to ! ret9a4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ! field 9 bo? cases !re is mu* di/9ctness1 :ile all ar\nd its circumf]5ce ! images are indi/9ct & dim4 ,we h b to fix ! eye on "s object directly 9 front ( u1 & !n attempt1 )\t remov+ x1 to asc]ta9 ! =ms ( objects at "s di/ance on bo? sides1 9 ord] to conv9ce ourselves t ! field ( di/9ct vision is a v limit$ field inde$4 ,& 9 ?is transcript ( ! l>g] tableau vivant we f9d exactly ! same ph5om5a4 ,! c5tral figures come all )9 ! di/9ct field4 ,n s1 h[ev]1 ! figures on bo? sides4 ,!y are dim & indi/9ct2 ! %ades dilute into ! lights1 & ! outl9es are obscure4 ,h[ /rik+ a comm5t on ! !ory ( ,br[n6 ,we see 8 my/]i\s p[] resolv$ 9 t draw+ into a simple matt] ( light & %ade1 arrang$ 9 accordance ) c]ta9 optical laws4 ,! cle> c5tral space 9 :i* ! figures are s di/9ct1 corresponds to ! c5tral space 9 ! ret9a2 x is ! att5tion-po9t ( ! picture1 if we may s speak4 ,9 ! eye ?is att5tion-po9t is br\ght to be>1 ?r\gh a simple ef=t ( ! w1 on ! object to be exam9$2 & ! re/ ( ! process1 s pleas+ly1 b at ! same "t s d>kly1 describ$ by ! philosoph]1 is ! "w ( ! eye itself4 ,,! ,,t5ant',s ,,true ,,qu>rel4 ,x has be5 rem>k$ by ,sir ,james ,mack9to%1 t !re are f\r great works1 9 f\r di/9ct dep>tm5ts ( k1 :i* h m visibly & ext5sively influ5c$ op9ion ?an any o!r productions ( ! human intellect4 ,! fir/ ( ^! is ! ,treatise on ! ,law ( ,w> & ,peace1 by ,grotius4 ,x appe>$ ab\t two c5turies ago2 & f t p]iod d[nw>ds1 int]national law became a solid fact1 :i* all civilis$ c\ntries h recognis$1 & :i* ev5 ! ,fr5* ,conv5tion1 dur+ ! ,reign ( ,t]ror1 d>$1 9 its madness1 to outrage b = a mom5t4 ,! second is ! ,essay on ! ,human ,und]/&+1 by ,locke4 ,x /ruck d[n1 z ) ! bl[ ( a hat*et1 ! wret*$ m5tal philosophy ( ! d>k ages1--t philosophy :i* ,puseyism1 9 its "w ( diffus+ ov] ! pres5t ! b>b>ism & ignorance ( ! pa/1 w\ld s fa9 revive & re/ore1 & :i* has be5 ev] engag$1 z its prop] employm5t1 9 imp>t+ plausibility to error & absurdity1 & 9 furni%+ apology = crime4 ,! ?ird 0 ! ,_s ( ,laws1 by ,montesquieu4 ,x plac$ legislation on ! basis ( philosophy2 & /raightway law began to spr+ up among ! nations out ( a new soil4 ,! f\r? & la/ great "w--,an ,inquiry into ! ,nature & ,causes ( ! ,weal? ( ,nations1 by ,adam ,smi?--0 by f> ! mo/ influ5tial ( !m all4 ',x is1' says ,sir ,james1 'p]haps ! only book :i* produc$ an imm$iate1 g5]al1 & irrevocable *ange 9 "s ( ! mo/ important p>ts ( ! legislation ( all civilis$ /ates4 ,t\*+ ^? matt]s :i* may be numb]$1 & measur$1 & weigh$1 x bore visible & palpable fruit4 ,9 a few ye>s x began to alt] laws & treaties1 & has made its way ?r\gh\t ! convulsions ( revolution & conque/ to a due asc5dant ov] ! m9ds ( m51 ) f> less ?an ! av]age ob/ructions ( prejudice & clam\r1 :i* *eck ! *annels ?r\gh :i* tru? fl[s into practice4' ,& yet1 ?\gh _m ( ! se$s :i* ?is great "w s]v$ to scatt] sprung up ?us rapidly1 & produc$ luxuriant crops1 !re 7 o!rs1 n less in/9ct ) ! vital pr9ciples1 ( :i* ! g]m9ation has be5 sl[4 ,! nurs]yman expects1 9 s[+ b$s ( ! /one-fruit-be>+ trees1 su* z ! plum or ! haw?orn1 to see ! plants spr+ up v irregul>ly4 ,"o se$ bur/s ! envelop+ case1 & gets up 9 ?ree weeks2 ano!r b>ely a*ieves ! same "w 9 ?ree ye>s4 ,& x has be5 ?us ) ! h>d]-coat$ g]m5s ( ! ,weal? ( ,nations4 ,x is n[ exactly eighty ye>s s9ce ! philosoph] set himself to elaborate ! ?9k+ ( 8 great "w 9 8 "m's h\se 9 ,kirkcaldy1 & exactly sev5ty ye>s s9ce he gave x to ! _w4 ,x appe>$ 9 #aggf2 & n[1 = ! fir/ "t1 9 #ahdf1 ! ,que5's ,spee*1 c>efully concoct$ by a ,cons]vative ,m9i/ry1 embodies z great practical tru?s its free-trade pr9ciples4 ,! %oot--a true dicotyl$on--has fairly got its two vigor\s lobes above ! surface3 fre$om ( trade 9 all t ! f>m] re>s1 & fre$om ( trade 9 all t ! manufactur] produces2 & !re _c be a %ad[ ( d\bt t x w be by & by a v vigor\s tree4 ,no ,protectioni/ ne$ calculate1 f its rate ( progress 9 ! pa/1 on its rate ( progress 9 ! future4 ,ne>ly ?ree g5]ations h come & gone s9ce1 to v>y ! figure1 ! prep>ations = lay+ ! tra9 began2 b n[ t ! tra9 is fairly ready & fir$1 ! explosion w n be a matt] ( g5]ations at all4 ,explosions come "u an entirely diff]5t law f ! law ( lay+ tra9s4 ,x w happ5 ) ! ris+ ( ! free-trade agitation z ) ! ris+ ( wat] aga9/ a dam-head /ret*$ across a riv]4 ,days & weeks may pass1 especially if dr\ghts h be5 protract$ & ! /ream l[1 dur+ :i* ! ris+ ( ! wat] proves to be a sl[1 sil5t1 ineffici5t sort ( process1 ( half-in*es & eigh?-p>ts2 b :5 ! riv] gets into flood1--:5 ! va/ accumulation beg9s to topple ov] ! dam-dyke1--:5 ! dyke itself beg9s to swell1 & bulge1 & crack1 & to disgorge1 at its ev]-increas+ flaws & op5+s1 /reams ( turbid wat]1--let no "o presume to affirm t ! aft]-process is to be sl[4 ,9 mayhap "o m9ute m1 9 a few m9utes at mo/1 /ones1 /icks1 turf1 ! :ole dam-dyke1 9 %ort1 b a dam-dyke no long]1 w be ro>+ ad[n ! /ream1 wrapp$ up 9 ! womb ( an irresi/ible wave4 ,n[ !re h be5 palpable op5+s1 dur+ ! la/ few mon?s1 9 ! ,protectioni/ dam-head4 ,we po9t$ ye>s s9ce to ! ris+ ( ! wat]1 & pr$ict$ t x w\ld prevail at la/4 ,b ! dr\ghts 7 protract$1 & ! riv] l[4 ,good h>ve/s & brisk trade w5t h& 9 h& toge!r2 & ! ,protectioni/ dam-head--?\gh feeble curr5ts & m9ute waves beat aga9/ x1 & ! accumulation )9 rose by half-in*es & eigh?-p>ts--/ood sure4 ,b ! riv] is n[ high 9 flood--! wat]s are toppl+ ov]--! yield+ masonry has begun to bulge & crack4 ,! ,que5's ,spee*1 :5 we consid] x z emanat+ f a ,cons]vative ,m9i/ry1 indicates a trem5d\s flaw2 ! spee* ( ,sir ,rob]t ,peel betrays an irrep>able bulge2 ! sudd5 conv]sions to free-trade pr9ciples ( (ficials & place-hold]s %[ a g5]al outp\r+ at op5+ r5ts & crannies3 dep5d on x1 ,protectioni/s1 y\r dam-dyke1 pat* or prop x z y please1 is on ! eve ( de/ruction2 yet a v little long]1 & x w be hurtl+ d[n ! /ream4 ,= :at purpose1 d we say8 ,simply 9 ! hope ( awak5+ to a s5se ( _! true int]e/1 ere x be too late1 a class ( ! ,scotti% p 9 :i* we feel deeply int]e/$1--we mean ! t5ant agriculturi/s ( ! k+dom4 ,!y h 9 ?is all-important crisis a battle to fight2 & if !y d n fight & w9 x1 !y w be irrevocably ru9$ by hundr$s & ?\s&s4 ,! great ,protectioni/ battle--! battle 9 :i* !y may make common cause ) _! l&lords if !y w1 aga9/ ! ,league1 & ! ,free-,trade ,:igs1 & ,sir ,rob]t ,peel1 & ,adam ,smi?1 & ! ,que5--is a battle 9 :i* to a c]ta9ty !y w be beat4 ,!y may protract ! conte/ long en\gh to get s ?or\ghly we>i$ z to be no long] fit = ! o!r great battle :i* awaits !m2 b !y may dep5d on x z "o ( ! sure/ ?+s 9 all ! future1 t !y w h to record a disa/r\s issue4 ,!y mu/ be defeat$4 ,we w\ld fa9 ask !m--= x is sad to see m5 sp5d+ _! /r5g? to no end--to look fairly at ! aspect ?+s are beg9n+ to we>1 & ! ev]-ext5d+ front :i* is array+ aga9/ !m4 ,we w\ld ask !m fir/ to p]use ^? *apt]s 9 ,adam ,smi? :i* 9 reality =m ! /&+-gr\nd ( _! oppon5ts1--*apt]s ^: solid basis ( economic philosophy has made anti-corn-law agitation & anti-corn-law tracts & spee*es su* =midable ?+s4 ,we w\ld ask !m next to look at ! progress ( ! ,league1 at its half-million fund1 its indomitable en]gy & ev]-gr[+ influ5ce4 ,we w\ld !n ask !m to look at ! rec5t conv]sions ( ,:ig & ,tory to free-trade pr9ciples1 at ! resignation ( ,sir ,rob]t ,peel1 & ! pro( ! c\ntry receiv$ 9 consequ5ce1 t 9 ! pres5t extremity !re is no o!r pilot prep>$ to take ! helm2 at ! /rangely m>k$ ,adam ,smi? ca/ ( ! ,que5's ,spee*2 & at ! tell+ facts ( ,sir ,rob]t's explanatory /atem5t4 ,we reque/ !m to take a cool survey ( all ^! ?+s1 & to cogitate = !mselves ! issue :i* !y s cle>ly =etell4 ,x seems z c]ta9 t free-trade pr9ciples are at la/ to be e/abli%$ 9 ,brita91 z t !re is a sun 9 ! sky4 ,nor does !re seem mu* wisdom 9 fight+ a battle t is inevitably to be lo/4 ,! battle :i* x is _! true int]e/ to be prep>+ to fight1 is "o 9 :i* !y mu/ occupy ! gr\nd1 n ( agriculturi/s1 b simply ( t5ants3 x is a battle ) ! l&lords1 n ) ! free-trad]s4 ,we believe ,dr4 ,*alm]s is "r 9 hold+ t1 ultimately at lea/1 ! repeal ( ! corn-laws w n greatly affect ! condition ( our agriculturi/s4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a transition p]iod f :i* !y h a good deal to dread4 ,! removal ( ! protective duties on meat & wool has n _h ! effect ( l[]+ ! prices ( ei!r2 b ! fe> ( su* an effect did = a "t :at ! repeal ( ! duties !mselves fail$ to d1 & bore ) disa/r\s consequ5ces on ! %eep & cattle m>ket4 ,& su* a "t may1 we are afraid1 be anticipat$ on ! abolition ( ! corn-laws4 ,nay1 x is probable t1 ev5 :5 ! transition /ate %all be ov]1 !re w be a g5]al l[]+ ( price to ! av]age ( t ( ! ,cont95t & ,am]ica1--an av]age height5$ by little m ?an ! am\nt ( ! true protective duties ( ! trade1--! exp5se ( c>riage f ! =eign f>m to ! ,briti% m>ket4 ,& woe to ! poor t5ant1 ti$ d[n by a long lease to a money-r5t rat$ accord+ to ! av]age value ( gra9 "u ! protective duties1 if ! defalcation is to fall on him6 ,if he has to pay ! l&lord accord+ to a high av]age1 & to be paid by ! corn-factor accord+ to a l[ "o1 he is undone4 ,& 8 real dang] 9 ! com+ crisis indicates 8 prop] battle4 ,x is n ) 8 old protector ,sir ,rob]t t he %\ld be prep>+ to fight2 x is1 we repeat1 ) 8 old ally ! l&hold]4 ,nay1 he w f9d1 ultimately at lea/1 t he has no *oice 9 ! matt]4 ,) ,sir ,rob]t he may fight if x please him1 & fight1 z we h %[n1 to be beat52 b ) ! l&lord he mu/ fight1 :e!r he fir/ ent] ! li/s ) ,sir ,rob]t or no4 ,:5 8 prelim9>y /ruggle %all h t]m9at$ unsuccessfully1 he %all !n )\t he>t1 )\t organization1 )\t ally1 h to ent] on ! inevitable /ruggle1--a /ruggle = v exi/5ce4 ,we ( c\rse ref] to l&lords z a class3 !re are among !m n a few individuals ) :om ! t5ant w h no /ruggle to ma9ta91--consci5ti\s m51 at once able & will+ to adju/ _! dem&s to ! circum/ances ( ! new /ate ( ?+s4 ,b _! "* z a class does n /& s high4 ,_m ( _! numb] are 9 /rait5$ circum/ances1--s sorely burd5$ ) annuities & mortgages1 z to be some:at 9 dang] ( be+ altoge!r left1 ?r\gh ! com+ *ange1 )\t an income2 & x is n accord+ to ! nature ( ?+s t ! case ( ! t5ant %\ld be v consid]ately dealt ) by !m4 ,:5 a hapless crew are fami%+ on ! op5 sea1 & ! fi]ce cannibal comes to be develop$ 9 ! man1 x is ! weak] :o are fir/ dev\r$4 ,n[ we w\ld ill l to see any portion ( our ,scot* t5antry at ! m]cy ( wild1 unreason+ de/itution 9 ! proprietor4 ,we w\ld ill l to see him ve/$ ) ! p[] to decide absolutely 9 8 own case1 :e!r x 0 8 t5ant t 0 to be ru9$1 or he himself t 0 to want an income1 kn[+ well be=eh& to :i* side ! balance w\ld incl9e4 ,nor w\ld we mu* l to see our t5antry at ! m]cy ( ev5 an av]age class ( proprietors1 by no means 9 ! extreme circum/ances ( _! poor] bre?r51 b :o1 ) an unimpea*able bond 9 _! h&s1 t enabl$ !m to say :e!r x 0 !y !mselves or _! t5ant neighb\rs :o 7 to be ! poor] 9 consequ5ce ( ! induc$ *ange1 w\ld be b too apt1 9 accordance ) ! selfi% b5t ( man's common nature1 to make a some:at ,%ylock-l use ( x4 ,/\t m5 :o h fall5 into r$uc$ circum/ances1 & /\t paw-suck+ be>s 9 _! w9t] lodg+s1 become gradually ?9 by liv+ on _! own fat2 & q "r x is t gross m5 & corpul5t be>s %\ld live on _! own fat1 j because ! fat is _! own4 ,b we w\ld n deem x "r t our proprietors %\ld live on _! f>m]s' fats3 on ! contr>y1 we w\ld hold x q wrong1 & a calamity to ! c\ntry2 & su*1 at ! pres5t "t1 is ! great dang] to :i* ! t5antry ( ,scotl& are expos$4 ,ju/ice imp]atively dem&s1 t if "s su* *ange is n[ to take place 9 ! value ( f>ms1 z t :i* took place on ! regulation ( ! curr5cy 9 ! value ( money1 ! ru9\s blund] ( #ahai %\ld n be repeat$4 ,x dem&s t _! actual r5t be n greatly increas$ ?r\gh ! ret5tion ( ! m]ely nom9al "o2 t ! t5ant1 9 %ort1 be n sacrific$ to a t]m :olly un*ang$ 9 s\nd1 b altoge!r alt]$ 9 value4 ,& su*1 9 reality1 is ! object = :i* ! f>m-hold+ agriculturi/s ( ,scotl& h n[ to cont5d4 ,x is ! only qu>rel :i* !y c prosecute ) a hope ( success4 ,we ref]r$1 9 a rec5t numb]1 :5 rem>k+ on ! too palpable unpopul>ity ( ! ,:igs1 to que/ions :i*1 if animat$ by a really hone/ reg>d = ! lib]ties ( ! subject1 !y might agitate1 & gr[ /rong 9 agitat+1 secure ( f9d+ a pot5t ally 9 ! moral s5se ( ! c\ntry4 ,"o ( ^! w\ld involve ! emancipation ( ! t5antry ( ,engl&1 n[ sunk1 ?r\gh "o ( ! provisions ( ! ,re=m ,bill1 into a /ate ( vassalage & political subs]vi5cy )\t prec$5t s9ce at lea/ ! days ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 ,x has be5 well rem>k$ by ,paley1 t ! direct consequ5ces ( political innovations are (t5 ! lea/ important2 & t x is f ! sil5t & unobs]v$ op]ation ( causes set at "w = diff]5t purposes1 t ! greate/ revolutions take _! rise4 ',?us1' he says1 ':5 ,elizabe? & h] imm$iate successor appli$ !mselves to ! enc\ragem5t & regulation ( trade by _m wise laws1 !y knew n t1 toge!r ) weal? & indu/ry1 !y 7 diffus+ a consci\sness ( /r5g? & indep5d5cy :i* c\ld n long endure1 "u ! =ms ( a mix$ gov]nm5t1 ! dom9ion ( arbitr>y pr9ces4' ,& aga93 ',:5 x 0 debat$ :e!r ! ,mut9y ,act--! law by :i* ! army is gov]n$ & ma9ta9$--%\ld be temporal or p]petual1 little else probably occurr$ to ! advocates ( an annual bill1 ?an ! exp$i5cy ( reta9+ a control ov] ! mo/ dang]\s pr]ogative ( ! ,cr[n--! direction & comm& ( a /&+ army2 :]eas1 9 its effect1 ?is s+le res]vation has alt]$ ! :ole frame & quality ( ! ,briti% con/itution4 ,= s9ce1 9 consequ5ce ( ! milit>y sy/em :i* prevails 9 neighb\r+ & rival nations1 z well z on acc\nt ( ! int]nal exig5cies ( ,gov]nm5t1 a /&+ army has become ess5tial to ! safety & adm9i/ration ( ! empire1 x enables ,p>liam5t1 by discont9u+ ?is necess>y provision1 s to en=ce its resolutions ^u any o!r subject1 z to r5d] ! k+'s diss5t to a law :i* has receiv$ ! approbation ( bo? ,h\ses1 too dang]\s an exp]im5t any long] to be advis$4' ,& ?us ! illu/ration ( ! pr9ciple runs on4 ,we "q1 h[ev]1 :e!r !re be any illu/ration among !m m /rik+ ?an t indirect consequ5ce ( ! ,re=m ,bill on ! t5antry ( ,engl& to :i* we ref]4 ,! provision :i* conf]r$ a vote on ! t5ant-at-w1 abrogat$ leases1 & made ! till] ( ! soil a vassal4 ,! f>m] :o prec>i\sly holds 8 f>m f ye> to ye> _c1 ( c\rse1 be expect$ to s9k s mu* capital 9 ! soil1 9 ! hope ( a di/ant & unc]ta9 return1 z ! lessee c]ta9 ( a possession = a specifi$ numb] ( ye>s2 b "s capital he mu/ s9k 9 x4 ,x is impossible1 accord+ to ! mod]n sy/em1 or inde$ any sy/em ( husb&ry1 t all ! capital committ$ to ! e>? 9 w9t] & spr+ %\ld be resum$ 9 ! foll[+ summ] & autumn4 ,a consid]able ov]plus mu/ inevitably rema9 to be ga!r$ up 9 future seasons2 & ?is ov]plus rema9d]1 9 ! case ( ! t5ant-at-w1 is virtually conv]t$ into a deposit1 lodg$ 9 ! h&s ( ! l&lord1 to secure ! depositor's political subs]vi5cy & vassalage4 ,let him b once manife/ a w & a m9d ( 8 own1 & vote1 9 accordance ) 8 convictions1 contr>y to ! w ( ! l&lord1 & /raightway ! deposit1 conv]t$ into a p5alty1 is =feit$ = ! (f5ce4 ,x is surely n v great ,radicalism to affirm t a /ate ( ?+s s anomal\s ought n to exi/--t ! ,engli% t5ant %\ld be a freeman1 n a s]f--& t he ought n to be b\nd d[n by a weighty p5alty to h no political voice or consci5ce ( 8 own4 ,! simple pr9ciple ( ',no lease1 no vote1' w\ld set all "r2 & x is a pr9ciple :i* s recomm5ds itself to ! moral s5se z j1 t an hone/ ,:iggism w\ld ga91 9 agitat+ its recognition & e/abli%m5t1 at once /r5g? & popul>ity4 ,b !re are few ,scot* t5ants 9 ! circum/ances ( vassalage s g5]al 9 ,engl&4 ,!y are 9 circum/ances 9 :i* !y at lea/ may act indep5d5tly2 & ! "t is fa/ com+ 9 :i* !y mu/ ei!r make a wise1 unbiass$ use ( _! fre$om1 or be hopelessly cru%$ = ev]4 ,janu>y #bh1 #ahdf4 ,,conclusion ,,( ,,! ,,w> ,,9 ,,affghani/an4 ,we tru/ we may n[ look back on by f> ! mo/ disa/r\s passage :i* occurs 9 ! milit>y hi/ory ( ,great ,brita91 z s def9itively conclud$1 t 9 ! future we %all be unable to trace x z /ill disadvantage\sly op]ative 9 its effects4 ,a s]ies ( decisive victories has neutraliz$1 to a consid]able ext5t1 ! influ5ce ( ! mo/ fatal campaign 9 :i* a ,briti% army 0 ev] engag$4 ,b ?is is all4 ,"o ( our poets1 9 plac+ 9 a /rong light ! extreme folly ( w>1 describes 'mo/ ,*ri/ian k+s' ) 'hon\rable ruffians 9 _! hire1' wa/+ ! nations ) fire & sword1 & !n1 :5 fatigu$ ) murd] & sat$ ) blood1 'sett+ !m d[n j :]e !y 7 be=e4' ,x is q melan*oly en\gh t our mo/ sangu9e expectations ) reg>d to ! ,affghan w> %\ld be unable to rise high] by a hair's-bread? ?an ! satiric conception ( ! poet4 ,we c b>ely hope1 aft] squ&]+ mu* treasure1 aft] committ+ a great deal ( crime1 aft] occasion+ & endur+ a va/ am\nt ( wret*$ness1 aft] a :ole c\ntry has be5 :it5$ ) ! bones ( its inhabitants1 aft] a ,briti% army has p]i%$ mis]ably1--we c b>ely hope t our lat] successes may h _h s f> ! effect ( effac+ ! memory ( our e>lie/ disa/]s1 t we %all be enabl$ to sit d[n "u _! cov] on ! ea/]n bank ( ! ,indus1 'j :]e we 7 be=e4' ,& ev5 ?is is mu* 9 ! circum/ances4 ,we h se5 ! ,briti% 9 ,india repeat ! same k9d ( fatal exp]im5t :i* co/ ,napoleon 8 cr[n1 & f :i* ,*>les ,,xii4 dat$ 8 d[nfall2 & repeat x1 9 ! fir/ in/ance at lea/1 ) a result m disa/r\s ?an ei!r ! flight f ,pult[a or ! retreat f ,mosc[4 ,& ?\gh necess>ily an exp$ition on a simil> scale1 x seem$ by no means improbable t its ultimate consequ5ces might be> ev5 m disa/r\sly on ,briti% p[] 9 ! ,ea/1 ?an ! results ( ! sev]al exp$itions into ,russia1 "u ,*>les & ,napoleon1 bore on ! respective de/9ies ( ,sw$5 & ( ,france4 ,t sub/ratum ( op9ion 9 ! m9ds ( an hundr$ millions ( ,asiatics1 on :i* ,briti% au?ority 9 ,india f9ds its ma9 f\ndation1 bade fair to be %iv]$ into pieces by ! %ock4 ,!re are passages 9 all our bett] hi/ories t /& out 9 high relief1 if we may s speak1 f ! gr\ndwork on :i* !y are bas$4 ,!y appeal to ! imag9ation1 !y fix !mselves 9 ! memory2 & aft] !y h got f> en\gh remov$ into ! pa/ to enable m5 to survey !m 9 all _! bread?1 we f9d !m caught up & reflect$ 9 ! fictions ( ! poet & ! noveli/4 ,b x is wond]ful h[ comp>atively slight is ! effect :i* mo/ ( !m produce at ! "t ( _! occurr5ce4 ,x w\ld seem z if ! great mass ( mank9d _h no ability ( see+ !m 9 _! real "*1 except ?r\gh ! m$ium ( "s sup]ior m9d1 skilful en\gh to portray !m 9 _! true col\rs & proportions4 ,:o1 acqua9t$ ) ! hi/ory ( ! plague 9 ,london1 = in/ance1 c fail be+ /ruck ) ! horrors ( t awful visitation1 z describ$ 9 ! graphic pages ( ,defoe8 ,:o1 t exp]i5c$ ! visitation ( simil> horrors :i* swept away 9 our own times "o-t5? "p ( ! human species1 c\ld avoid rem>k+ t ! reality 0 less suit$ to impress by its actual pres5ce1 ?an ! record by its t\*+ pictures & its affect+ appeals8 ,! reality appeal$ to b ! fe>s ( m5 ?r\gh ! in/9ct ( self-pres]vation1 & ev5 ?is languidly 9 "s cases1 leav+ ! imag9ation unimpress$2 :]eas ! wild sc5es ( ,defoe fill$ ! :ole m9d1 & impress$ vividly ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( t s5se ( ! poetical :i*1 9 "s degree at lea/1 all m9ds are capable ( ent]ta9+4 ,on a ne>ly simil> pr9ciple1 ! c\ntry has n yet be5 able rightly to appreciate ! disa/]s ( ,affghani/an4 ,x has be5 unable to be/[ ^u !m :at we %all v5ture to t]m ! hi/oric prom95ce4 ,:5 "o aft] "o ! mess5g]s rea* ,job1 be>+ tid+s ( fatal disa/]s1 9 :i* all 8 *ildr5 & all 8 dome/ics h p]i%$1 ! ev]-recurr+ '& ,i only am escap$ alone to tell !e1' /rikes ^u ! e> z "o ( ! signs ( a disp5sation sup]natural 9 its "*4 ,! n>rative has already prep>$ u = ev5ts remov$ beyond ! rea* ( ^? common laws :i* regulate ord9>y occurr5ces4 ,did we f9d su* a piece ( hi/ory 9 any ( our old] *ronicles1 we w\ld at once set x d[n1 on ,macaulay's pr9ciple1 z a ballad ?r[n out ( its orig9al v]se into prose1 & appropriat$ by ! *ronicl]1 9 ! lack ( less que/ionable mat]ials4 ,b f9d+ x 9 ! ,record ( et]nal tru?1 we view x diff]5tly2 = !re ! sup]natural is n dissociat$ f ! true4 ,h[ v /rik+1 to f9d 9 ! au!ntic annals ( our own c\ntry a some:at simil> incid5t2 to f9d ! ',i only am escap$ alone to tell !e' 9 ! hi/ory ( a well-equipp$ ,briti% army ( ! pres5t day6 ,!re occurs no simil> incid5t 9 all our pa/ hi/ory4 ,briti% armies h capitulat$ n )\t disgrace4 ,9 ! hapless ,am]ican w>1 ,cornwallis surr5d]$ a :ole army to ,wa%+ton1 & ,burgoyne ano!r :ole army to ,gates & ,arnold4 ,! ,briti% h _h also _! disa/r\s retreats4 ,! retreat f ,font5oy 0 at lea/ precipitate2 & !re 0 mu* suff]$ 9 ,sir ,john ,moore's retreat on ,corunna4 ,b su* retreats h n be5 :olly )\t _! %>e ( glory1 nor h su* surr5d]s be5 synonym\s ) ext]m9ation4 ,9 ! annals ( ,briti% armies1 ! ',i only h escap$ alone to tell !e' belongs to b ! retreat f ,cabul4 ,x is a t]rible passage 9 ! hi/ory ( our c\ntry--t]rible 9 all its circum/ances4 ,"s ( its e>li] sc5es are too revolt+ = ! imag9ation to call up4 ,x is all too humiliat+ to conceive ( x 9 ! "* ( an unpr9cipl$ conspiracy ( ! civilis$1 horribly av5g$ by infuriat$ savages4 ,x is a q melan*oly en\gh object ( contemplation1 9 ev5 its latt] /ages4 ,a wild sc5e ( rocks & m\nta9s d>k5$ ov]head ) tempe/1 b5ea? cov]$ deep ) sn[2 a brok5 & dispirit$ =ce1 /ruggl+ hopelessly ?r\gh ! sc>ce passable defiles1--"h ?9n$ by ! headlong assaults ( h[l+ fanatics1 ins5sible to fe>1 incapable ( remorse1 & ?ir/+ = blood1--!re decoy$ to de/ruction ?r\gh ! promises ( cruel & trea*]\s *iefs1 devoid alike ( ! s5se ( hon\r & ! feel+ ( pity2 ) no capacity or conduct among its lead]s2 full ( ! frightful recollections ( pa/ massacres1 hopeless ( ultimate escape2 /ruggl+1 h[ev]1 in/9ctively on amid ! unceas+ r+ ( musketry f ?icket & crag1 exhibit+ mile aft] mile a body less d5se & ext5d$1 leav+ beh9d x a long unbrok5 trail ( its dead2 at l5g? :olly wa/+ away1 l ! upw>d heave ( a wave on a s&y bea*1 & b "o solit>y horseman1 w\nd$ & fa9t ) loss ( blood1 hold+ on 8 p]il\s c\rse1 to tell ! fate ( all ! o!rs4 ,& !n1 ! long aft]-season ( grief & susp5se among anxi\s & at l5g? despair+ relations at home1 ar\nd _m a *e]less he>?1 & 9 _m a d>k5$ *amb]1 & ! sadly frequ5t notice 9 ! obitu>ies ( all our public j\rnals1 s significant ( ! disa/]1 & :i* mu/ h rung s heavy a knell to s _m affectionate he>ts1 ',kill$ 9 ! ,khyb] ,pass4' ,to f9d passages ( p>allel calamity 9 ! hi/ory ( at lea/ civilis$ c\ntries1 we h to asc5d to ! times ( ! ,roman empire dur+ its p]iod ( decl9e & disa/]1 :5 "o w>like emp]or1 9 battle ) ! ,go?1 '9 t ,s]bonian bog1 ,betwixt ,damieta & ,m\nt ,cassus old1 ,) 8 :ole army sank2' or :5 ano!r n less w>like mon>* 0 hopelessly ov]?r[n by ! ,p]sian1 & di$ a mis]able slave1 expos$ to e indignity :i* ! inv5tion ( 8 ung5]\s & b>b>\s conqu]or c\ld sugge/4 ,brita9 9 ?is ev5t has receiv$ a t]rible lesson1 :i* we tru/ h] sc>ce m]it$ & surely mo/ revolt+ successes 9 ,*9a w n h ! effect ( :olly neutraliz+4 ,! ,affghan w>1 reg>d$ z a w> ( pr9ciple1 0 em95tly unju/2 reg>d$ z a w> ( exp$i5cy1 x 0 em95tly imprud5t4 ,x seems to h orig9at$ ) m5 ( n>r[ & defective g5ius1 n ov] l>gely gift$ ) ! moral s5se4 ,we h _h to ref] on a =m] occasion to ! policy adopt$ by ,"l ,auckl& respect+ ! educational grants to ,h9du/an4 ,an enlight5$ pr$ecessor ( 8 ,lord%ip _h decid$ t ! assi/ance & patronage ( ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t %\ld be ext5d$ to ! exclusive promotion ( ,european lit]ature & sci5ce among ! natives ( ,india4 ,8 ,lord%ip1 9 ! ex]cise ( a mis]able lib]alism1 rev]s$ ! resolution1 & div]t$ no inconsid]able portion ( ! ,gov]nm5t patronage to ! support ( ! old ,h9du/anee education1--a sy/em pu]ile 9 its lit]ature1 contemptible 9 its sci5ce1 & false 9 its religion4 ,our read]s _c h =gott5 ! indignant /yle ( ,dr4 ,duff's remon/rance4 ,! enlight5$ & zeal\s mission>y boldly & indignantly *>act]iz$ ! m9ute ( 8 ,lord%ip1 ?r\gh :i* ?is revolution 0 effect$1 z 'rem>kable *iefly = its omissions & commissions1 = its concessions & compromises1 = its education )\t religion1 its plans )\t a ,provid5ce1 & its e?ics )\t a ,god4' ,su* 0 ! lib]alism ( ,"l ,auckl&2 & ( at lea/ "o ( ! lead+ m5 ^: c\nsel l$ to ! ,affghan exp$ition1 & :o p]i%$ 9 x1 ! lib]alism1 x is said1 0 ( a /ill m m>k$ & (f5sive "*4 ,:at d we inf] f ! fact8 ,n t ,provid5ce int]f]$ to av5ge ^u !m ! s9 ( _! policy3 !re w\ld be presumption 9 ! inf]5ce4 ,b x may n be unsafe to inf]1 f ! palpable folly ( ! ,affghan exp$ition1 t ! lib]alism 9 :i* ,"l ,auckl& & "s "o or two ( 8 fri5ds indulg$ is a lib]alism :i* weak & incompet5t m5 are be/ fitt$ to ent]ta94 ,8 s*eme ( education & 8 ,affghani/an exp$ition are specim5s ( m5tal production1 if we may s speak1 t give evid5ce ( exactly ! same ca/ & t5d5cy reg>d+ ! ord] & scope ( ! g5ius :i* orig9at$ !m4 ,we h be5 a good deal /ruck by ! %rewdness ( "o ( ,pr9ce ,eug5e ( ,savoy's rem>ks1 t seems to be> v decid$ly on ?is case4 ,two g5]als ( 8 acqua9tance _h fail$ mis]ably 9 ! conduct ( "s exp$ition t dem&$ capacity & skill1 & yet bo? ( !m 7 unque/ionably sm>t1 clev] m54 ',i always ?\ght x w\ld turn out s1' said ! ,pr9ce4 ',bo? ^! m5 made op5 pr(ession ( infidelity2 & ,i =m$ s l[ an op9ion ( _! ta/e & judgm5t 9 consequ5ce1 t ,i made myself sure !y w\ld soon] or lat] run _! heads into "s egregi\s folly4' ,x is satisfactory 9 e po9t ( view t ,brita9 %\ld be at peace ) ,*9a & ! ,affghans4 ,w> is an evil 9 all circum/ances4 ,x is a great evil ev5 :5 j2 x is a great evil ev5 :5 c>ri$ on aga9/ a p :o "k & respect ! laws ( nations4 ,b x is peculi>ly an evil :5 palpably n a j w>1 & :5 c>ri$ on aga9/ a b>b>\s p4 ,x has be5 /at$ 9 private lett]s1 ?\gh n (ficially1 t a soldi] ( ! #dd? 0 burn$ alive by ! ,ghilzies 9 sight ( ! ,engli% troops1 & t on ! approa* ( ! latt] ! ?roat ( ! tortur$ victim 0 cut to ensure 8 de/ruction4 ,& x is ! inf]5ce ( an ,indian newspap] f ! fact1 t su* wret*es are n ! devot$ patriots t !y h be5 describ$ by "s1 & t ! w> ) !m _c1 aft] all1 be v unju/4 ,we are incl9$ to argue some:at diff]5tly4 ,we believe ! ,scot* "u ,wallace 7 n at all devoid ( patriotism1 ?\gh !y 7 b>b>\s en\gh to flay ,cress+ham1 & to burn ! ,engli% alive at ,ayr4 ,we believe fur!r1 t an unju/ w> is r5d]$ none ! less unju/ f ! circum/ance ( its be+ wag$ ) a savage & cruel p4 ,! b>b>ism ( ! enemy has b ! effect ( height5+ its horrors1 n ( modify+ its inju/ice4 ,x is possible = "o civilis$ man to fight ) ano!r1 & yet reta9 8 prop] "* z a man not)/&+4 ,b ! civilis$ man :o fights ) a wild bea/ mu/ assume1 dur+ ! combat1 ! "* ( ! wild bea/4 ,he _c af=d be+ g5]\s & m]ciful2 8 antagoni/ und]/&s nei!r g5]osity nor m]cy4 ,! w> is ( necessity a w> ( ext]m9ation4 ,& su* is always ! "* ( a w> betwe5 wild & civilis$ m54 ,x takes its tone1 n f ! civilisation ( ! "o1 b f ! cruel savageism ( ! o!r4 ,decemb] #c1 #ahdb4 ,,p]iodicalism4 ,! poet ,gray held t 9 a neglect$ c\ntry *ur*y>d1 appropriat$ to only ! nameless dead1 !re might lie1 not)/&+1 ! rema9s ( undevelop$ ,miltons1 ,hampd5s1 & ,cromwells1--m5 :o1 9 m fav\rable circum/ances1 w\ld h become fam\s z poets1 or great z patriots or /atesm52 & ! /anzas 9 :i* he has embodi$ ! reflection are p]haps ! mo/ popul> 9 ! language4 ,"o-half ! ?\ght is1 we d\bt n1 j4 ,save = ! madness ( ,*>les1 ,cromwell w\ld h di$ a dev\t f>m]1 & ,hampd5 a mo/ respectable c\ntry g5tleman1 :o w\ld h be5 gratefully rememb]$ = half an age ov] half a c\nty1 & !n consign$ to =getfulness4 ,b ! poets r>ely die1 h[ev] disadvantage\sly plac$1 )\t giv+ "s sign4 ,rob ,don1 ! ,su!rl&%ire b>d1 ow$ mu* less to nature ?an ,milton did1 & s little to le>n+ t he c\ld nei!r read nor write2 & yet 8 bett] songs promise to live z long z ! ,gaelic language4 ,& ?\gh bo? ,burns & ,%akespe>e _h v consid]able disadvantages to /ruggle aga9/1 we "k t nei!r ( !m rema9$ 'mute' or '+lori\s1' or ev5 less ext5sively kn[n ?an ,milton himself4 ,x is1 we believe1 no easy matt] to smo!r a true poet4 ,! v]sifi]s1 plac$ 9 obscure & humble circum/ances1 :o = a "t compla9 ( neglect$ m]it & unt[>d fate1 & !n give up v]se-mak+ 9 despair1 are always m5 :o1 ) all _! qu]ul\sness1 h at lea/ "o cause ( compla9t m ?an !y ev] seem to be aw>e (1--a cause ( compla9t aga9/ ! nature t fail$ to imp>t to !m '! div9e vision & faculty4' ,!re are p[]s1 h[ev]1 admirably fitt$ to tell ) effect 9 ! lit]ature ( ! c\ntry1 = !y h s]v$ to produce ! mo/ influ5tial works :i* ! _w ev] saw--works su* z ! ,essay ( ,locke1 ! ,peace & ,w> ( ,grotius1 & ! ,_s ( ,laws ( ,montesquieu--:i*1 ) all _! app>5t robu/ness1 are greatly less h>dy ?an ! poetic faculty1 & :i*1 unless ! circum/ances fav\rable to _! developm5t & ex]cise be pres5t1 fail to leave beh9d !m any adequate record ( _! exi/5ce4 ,x is difficult to imag9e a situation 9 life 9 :i* ,burns w\ld n h writt5 8 songs1 b v easy to imag9e situations 9 :i* ,rob]tson w\ld n h produc$ 8 ,scotl& or 8 ,*>les ,v41 nor ,adam ,smi? 8 ,weal? ( ,nations4 ,we h no fai? :atev] 9 'mute1 +lori\s ,miltons2' b we d hold t !re may be obscure c\ntry *ur*y>ds 9 :i* untaught ,humes1 guiltless ( ! ,essay on ,miracles1 may repose1 & undevelop$ ,b5tleys & ,w>burtons1 ^: great aptitude = acquir+ or capacity = reta9+ k rema9$ ?r\gh\t life a m]e ungratifi$ ?ir/4 ,x has rema9$ = ! pres5t age to ?r[ "o b> m 9 ! way ( able m5 ( ?is special class ?an our fa!rs ev] dream$ (2 & ?is1 curi\sly en\gh1 j by giv+ !m an opportunity ( writ+ mu*1 & ( ?9k+ incessantly4 ,x is n1 x w\ld seem1 by be+ born among pl\ghm5 & me*anics1 & de/9$ to live by till+ ! soil1 or by mak+ %oes or hobnails1 t ! 'g5ial curr5t ( ! soil is froz51' & sup]ior tal5ts prev5t$ f accompli%+ _! prop] "w3 x is by be+ connect$ ) "s *eap weekly p]iodical1 or twice or ?rice a week newspap]1 & compell$ to scribble on almo/ )\t pause or int]mission = daily bread4 ,we h be5 l$ to ?9k ( ?is matt] by an int]e/+ little volume ( poems1 *iefly lyrical1 :i* has j issu$ f ! ,ed9burgh press1--! production ( ,mr4 ,?omas ,smib]t1 a man :o has liv$ = _m ye>s by 8 p51 & :o introduces ! volume by a prefatory essay1 int]e/+ f ! glimpse :i* x gives ( ! lit]>y disadvantages ) :i* ! pr(essionally lit]>y man :o writes = ! p]iodicals has to cont5d4 ,p]iodical lit]ature is1 he rem>ks1 'to all int5ts & purposes a creation ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 9 its pr9cipal exi/+ phases1 f ,qu>t]ly ,reviews to ,weekly ,p5ny ,magaz9es4 ,newspap]s1' he adds1 'may ju/ly be acc\nt$ ! gr[? ( ! same rec5t era1 ! few previ\sly publi%$ hav+ be5 sc>cely m ?an m]e ,gazettes1 record+ less op9ions ?an b>e public & bus9ess facts4' ,! numb] ( bo? classes ( p]iodicals is n[ imm5sely great2 & 'equally va/1 ( necessity1 is ! am\nt ( lit]>y tal5t /at$ly & unremitt+ly engag$ on ^! j\rnals1 :ile a l>ge additional am\nt ( simil> tal5t f9ds 9 !m occasional & ready outlets = its work+4' ',:5 "o or two lead+ ,reviews1 ,qu>t]lies1 & ,mon?lies alone exi/$1 !y call$ = no insignificant individual ef=ts ( m9d on ! "p ( _! *ief conductors & support]s1 & ^? p>ties almo/ took rank ) ! au?ors ( s+le works ( importance4 ,b )9 ! la/ tw5ty ye>s p]iodical lit]ature has become ext5sively hebdomadal1 & ev5 diurnal2 &1 z a necess>y consequ5ce1 ! essays ( ^? su/a9+ x 9 ?is %ape h decreas$ 9 proportionate value1 at once f ! l>g] am\nt ( "w dem&$1 & f ! %ort] "t all[$ = its execution4 ,su* essays may s]ve ! h\r fairly1 b c seldom be ( high wor? ultrone\sly4' ',! ext5t & v>iety ( ! lab\rs call$ = at ! h&s ( ^? actively engag$ on mod]n *eap p]iodicals c sc>cely be conceiv$ by ! un9itiat$ public4 ,if _! eyes 7 op5$ on ! subject1 !y w\ld c]ta9ly wond] less :y x is t ! lit]>y tal5t ( ! curr5t g5]ation does n t5d to display itself by /rik+ isolat$ ef=ts3 !y w\ld also m readily und]/& :]e=e p>ties 9 ! situation ( ! pres5t writ] may well exp]i5ce "s unsatisfactory feel+s 9 look+ back on ! lab\rs ( ! pa/4 ,?\gh ye>s sp5t 9 respectable p]iodical writ+ c by no means be t]m$ missp5t1 yet su* a c>e] pres5ts 9 ! retrospect b a multitude ( disconnect$ essays on all conceivable !mes1 & su* z too (t5 prove _! hurri$ composition by crud5ess & imp]fections4' ,! consid]ation ( su* a /ate ( ?+s 'may furni% a salut>y lesson to ! _m among ! "y at ?is day1 :o1 possess+ "s lit]>y ta/e1 imag9e t ! engagem5ts ( common life alone /& 9 ! way ( its successful developm5t1 & t to be enabl$ to pursue a life ( pr(essional writ+ 9 any %ape w\ld secure to !m bo? fame & =tune to ! height ( _! desires4 ,!y "h err sadly4 ,no d\bt sup]em95t tal5ts w soon] or lat] make !mselves felt "u almo/ any circum/ances2 b ! position describ$ assur$ly (f]s no peculi> advantages = ! fur!rance ( t end4 ,eb5ez] ,elliot1 leav+ 8 =ge at eve ) a we>i$ body1 c\ld yet br+ to 8 fav\rite leisure tasks a m9d less jad$ ?an t ( ! littrateur by pr(ession4' ',! regul> p]iodicali/1 too1 ( ! mod]n class has usually no m /able int]e/ 9 8 compositions ?an has ! c\nt+-h\se cl]k 9 ! ca%-books :i* he keeps4 ,to publi%]s & conductors fall ! la/+ fruits4 ,let ^? among ! "y :o feel ! ambition to seek fame & =tune 9 ! walks ( lit]ature ?9k well ( ^! ?+s1 &1 above all1 pond] s]i\sly ere !y quit1 ) su* views1 any fix$ occupation ( ano!r k9d4' ,!re is c]ta9ly food = ?\ght "h2 & t1 too1 ?\ght ( a k9d 9 :i* ! public has a direct int]e/4 ,if su* be ! dissipat+ effect ( writ+ = newspap]s & ! light] p]iodicals1 x is surely natural to inf] t ! exclusive read+ ( su* works mu/ h a dissipat+ effect also4 ,x is too obvi\s t ! fev]i% m$iocrity ( ov]wr\ght bra9s becomes infecti\s among ! class :o place !mselves 9 too con/ant & unbrok5 connection ) x1 & t f ! closets ( ov]-toil$ littrateurs an excit$ sup]ficiality creeps out ^u ! age4 ,& h5ce ! necessity to :i* we h (t5] ?an once ref]r$1 t m5 %\ld keep !mselves 9 :olesome connection ) ! ma/] m9ds ( ! pa/4 ,mr4 ,smib]t's rem>ks preface1 z we h said1 a volume ( sweet & ta/eful v]se2 & we f9d him say+ t1 'mo/ ( all1 ! op]ation ( ,p]iodicalism has be5 unfav\rably felt 9 ! doma9 ( poetry4' ',! position ( lit]ature1' he adds1 '9 ! times ( ! ,wordswor?s1 ,crabbes1 & ,campbells ( ! age j gone by1 0 m fav\rable ?an at pres5t to ! devotion ( tal5t to great und]tak+s4 ,^! m5 7 assur$ly n beset by ! same s$uctive facilities z ! littrateurs ( ! curr5t g5]ation = exp5d+ _! p[]s on petty objects1--facilities all ! m fasc9at+1 z compris+ ! pleasures ( imm$iate publicity1 & p]haps ev5 ( repute = a day1 if n also ( "s direct remun]ation4 ,^! influ5ces ( full-gr[n ,p]iodicalism ext5d n[ to all :o c read & write4 ,b x entices mo/ especially )9 its vortex ^? :o exhibit an unusually l>ge %>e ( e>ly lit]>y promise1 involves !m 9 multitud9\s & multif>i\s occupation1 &1 9 %ort1 divides & subdivides ! op]ations ( tal5t1 until all prom95t id5tity is de/roy$1 bo? 9 works & work]s4 ,to ! gr[? ( ?is mod]n sy/em1 beyond "q1 is l>gely to be ref]r$ ! comp>ative disappe>ance f among u ( great lit]>y individualities2 or1 to use o!r & m accurate words1 by t sy/em h m5 ( capacity be5 *iefly div]t$ f ! composition ( great individual works1 & m p>ticul>ly great poems4' ,we are less sure ( ! ju/ice ( ?is rem>k ( ,mr4 ,smib]t's1 ?an ( t ( _m ( ! o!rs4 ,x is n easy1 we h said1 to smo!r a true poet2 & we "k t 9 ! pres5t age v g5u9e poetry has be5 produc$ 9 ! (fices ( v busy newspap] editors4 ,poor ,rob]t ,nicoll nev] wrote tru] poetry ?an :5 he produc$ 8 ',puir ,folk' & 8 ',saxon ,*apel1' at a "t :5 he 0 toil+1 z ev5 mod]n j\rnali/ has r>ely toil$1 = ! columns ( ! ,le$s ,times2 & ,james ,montgom]y produc$ 8 ',_w be=e ! ,flood1' ',gre5l&1' & ',! ,pelican ,isl&1' ) _m a sweet lyric ( /ill high] m]it1 :5 labori\sly edit+ ! ,%effield ,iris4 ,! ',salam&r9e' ( ,mr4 ,*>les ,mackay 0 writt5 :5 he 0 conduct+ ! sub-editorial dep>tm5t ( a daily ,london pap]2 nor did he ev] write any?+ sup]ior to x4 ,& we "q :e!r ,mr4 ,smib]t himself1 ?\gh he might h produc$ long] poems1 w\ld h writt5 bett] ones ?an "s ( ^? conta9$ 9 ! pres5t volume1 ev5 _h 8 life be5 "o ( unbrok5 leisure4 ,x seems natural to lit]>y m51 :o fail 9 realiz+ _! own conceptions ( :at !y _h wi%$ & hop$ to p]=m1 to ca/ ! blame ^u _! circum/ances4 ,johnson c\ld speak z feel+ly1 n mu* lat] ?an ! middle ( ! la/ c5tury1 ( ! 'dreams ( a poet doom$ at la/ to wake a lexicograph]1' z any lit]>y man ( ! pres5t "t1 :o1 :ile solicit\sly desir\s to give himself :olly to ! muses1 is compell$ to lab\r z a p]iodicali/ = ! wants ( ! day t is pass+ ov] him4 ,b p]haps ! be/ solace = ! dissatisfaction :i* w\ld ?us wreak itself on m]e circum/ances1 is t :i* ,johnson himself supplies4 ',to rea* bel[ 8 own aim1' says ! morali/1 'is incid5t to e "o ^: fancy is active1 & ^: views are compreh5sive2 nor is any man satisfi$ ) himself because he has done mu*1 b because he c conceive little4' ,b to lab\r & be =gott5 is ! common lot2 & :y %\ld a lit]>y man be m dispos$ to rep9e because 8 productions p]i% aft] s]v+ a tempor>y purpose1 ?an ! g>d5] or f>m]1 ^: vocation x is to supply ! p ) _! daily food8 ,if ! provisions furni%$1 :e!r = m9d or body1 be :olesome1 & if !y s]ve _! purpose1 ! produc]s mu/ le>n to be cont5t1 ev5 %\ld !y s]ve ! purpose only once1 & b = a day4 ,! dang] ( ov]-cropp+1 & ( consequ5t exhau/ion1 is1 ( c\rse1 ano!r & m s]i\s matt]2 & ( ?is ! m9d ( ! p]iodicali/ is at lea/ z mu* 9 dang] z ei!r field or g>d5 :5 unskilfully wr\ght4 ,b m]e re/1 :i* 9 c\rse ( "t re/ores ! exhau/$ e>?1 is (t5 n equally effici5t 9 re/or+ ! exhau/$ m9d2 nor does m]e re/1 ev5 7 x a specific 9 ! case1 lie )9 ! rea* ( ! p]iodic writ]4 ,x is (t5 ! luxury = :i* he pants1 b :i* he _c comm&4 ,"o ( ! sure/ specifics 9 ! case is1 ! specific ( work+ j a little m1--( work+ = ! "w's sake1 :e!r at poem or hi/ory1 or 9 ! prosecution ( "s sci5ce1 or 9 "s antiqu>ian pursuit4 ,!re is an exquisite passage 9 "o ( ! essays ( ,wa%+ton ,irv+1 9 :i* he comp>es ! great au?ors--,%akespe>e1 = in/ance--:o seem pro( aga9/ ! mutability ( language1 to 'gigantic trees1 t we see sometimes on ! banks ( a /ream1 :i*1 by _! va/ & deep roots1 p5etrat+ ?r\gh ! m]e surface1 & lay+ hold on ! v f\ndations ( ! e>?1 pres]ve ! soil ar\nd !m f be+ swept away by ! ev]-fl[+ curr5t1 & hold up _m a neighb\r+ plant to p]petuity4' ,& su* is ! s]vice r5d]$ by "s p]vad+ pursuit ( an intellectual "*1 prosecut$ = its own sake1 to ! intellect ( ! j\rnali/4 ,x is ! necessity impos$ ^u him ( tak+ up subject aft] subject 9 ! desultory1 disconnect$ =m 9 :i* !y *ance to arise1 & !n1 aft] ?r[+ toge!r a few ha/ily collect$ ?\ghts ^u ea*1 ( dismiss+ !m f 8 m9d1 t induces fir/ a habit ( sup]ficiality1 & f9ally leaves him exhau/$2 & ! c\nt]active c\rse op5 to him is j to take up "s subject on :i* ! ?9k+ ( to-day may assi/ him 9 ! ?9k+ ( to-morr[1 & on :i* he may be z well in=m$ & pr(\nd z 8 native capacity p]mits4 ,all our really sup]ior newspap] editors h pursu$ ?is c\rse--m1 h[ev]1 we are dispos$ to ?9k1 f ! b5t ( _! nature ?an f ! necessities ( _! pr(ession2 & ! poetical volume ( ,mr4 ,smib]t %[s t he too has 8 engross+ pursuit4 ,we recomm5d 8 little "w to our read]s1 z "o 9 :i* !y w f9d mu* to int]e/ & amuse4 ,we h left ourselves little room = quotation2 b ! foll[+ /anzas1 /rik+1 bo? f _! beauty & f ! curi\s fact :i* !y embody1 may be reg>d$ z no unfair specim5 ( ! :ole3-- ,,! ,,voice ,,( ,,woe4 ',! language ( passion1 & m peculi>ly t ( grief1 is ev] ne>ly ! same4' ,an ,indian *ief w5t =? to fight1 ,& bravely met ! foe3 ,8 eye 0 ke5--8 /ep 0 light-- ,8 arm 0 unsurpass$ 9 might2 ,b on him fell ! gloom ( night-- ,an arr[ laid him l[4 ,8 wid[ sang ) simple tongue1 ,:5 none c\ld he> or see1 ,ay1 *]ay me6 ,a ,moori% maid5 knelt beside ,h] dy+ lov]'s b$3 ,%e bade him /ay to bless 8 bride2 ,%e call$ him (t h] "l1 h] pride2 ,b mortals mu/ _! doom abide-- ,! w>rior's _s fl$4 ,) simple tongue ! sad "o sung1 ,:5 none c\ld he> or see1 ,ay1 di me6 ,an ,engli% matron m\rn$ h] son1 ,! only son %e bore3 ,af> f h] 8 c\rse 0 run-- ,he p]i%$ z ! fight 0 done-- ,he p]i%$ :5 ! fight 0 won-- ,^u a =eign %ore4 ,) simple tongue ! "m sung1 ,:5 none c\ld he> or see1 ,ah1 de> me6 ,a ,highl& maid5 saw ,a bro!r's body borne ,f :]e1 f c\ntry1 k+1 & law1 ,he w5t 8 gallant sword to draw2 ,b swept )9 de/ruction's maw1 ,f h] _h he be5 torn4 ,%e sat & sung ) simple tongue1 ,:5 none c\ld he> or see1 ,oh1 hon-a-ree6 ,an infant 9 untimely h\r ,di$ 9 a ,l[l& cot3 ,! p>5ts own'd ! h& ( p[] ,t bids ! /orm be /ill or l\r2 ,!y griev$ because ! cup 0 s\r1 ,& yet !y murmur$ n4 ,!y only sung ) simple tongue1 ,:5 none c\ld he> or see1 ,ah1 wae's me6 ,july #bf1 #ahea4 ',,annus ,,mirabilis4' ,we h n[ rea*$ ! close ( ! mo/ wond]ful ye> ! _w ev] saw4 ,none ( our read]s c be unacqua9t$ ) ! poem 9 :i* ,dryd5 celebrat$ ! m>vels ( ! ye> #afff1--;c]ta9ly an extraord9>y twelvemon?1 ?\gh ! ,engli% poet1 only p>tially acqua9t$ ) ! ev5ts :i* r5d]$ x s rem>kable1 re/ricts himself1 9 8 long s]ies ( vigor\s quatra9s1 to ! description ( ! two naval battles ) ! ,dut* :i* its summ] witness$1 & ( ! great fire ( ,london :i* r5d]$ its autumn s rem>kable4 ,he might also h told t x 0 a ye> ( great fe> & expectation among bo? ,*ri/ians & ,jews4 ,! ,jews held t _! ,messiah 0 to come t ye>2 &1 9 answ] ( ! expectation1 ! impo/or ,sabbatei ,levi appe>$ to delude & disappo9t ! hopes ( t unhappy nation4 ,!re 0 an op9ion ne>ly equally g5]al 9 ! ,roman ,ca?olic _w1 t x w\ld u%] 9 ! ,anti*ri/ ( ,new ,te/am5t prophecy2 :ile among ,engli% ,prote/ants x 0 v ext5sively believ$ t x 0 to witness ! end ( ! _w & ! f9al judgm5t4 ,x 0 rem>kable1 too1 z ! ye> 9 :i* oppression fir/ compell$ ! ,scot* ,presbyt]ians ( ! reign ( ,*>les ,,ii4 to assume ! attitude ( arm$ resi/ance1 & z =m+1 9 ! e/imate ( ,burnet & o!r intellig5t ,prote/ants1 ! fif? great crisis ( ! ,re=m$ religion 9 ,europe4 ,& su* 7 ! wond]s ( ! ,annus ,mirabilis ( ,dryd53 two bloody naval engagem5ts2 a great fire2 ! appe>ance ( a false ,messiah2 a widely-spread fe> t ! end ( ! _w & ! com+ ( ,anti*ri/ 7 at h&2 ! revolt f _! allegiance to ! reign+ mon>* ( a sorely oppress$ body ( ,*ri/ians1 madd5$ by p]secution2 & a p]il\s crisis 9 ! g5]al hi/ory ( ,prote/antism4 ,! ye> n[ at its close has be5 beyond comp>ison m rem>kable4 ,9 ! e>li] twelvemon?1 no real *ange took place 9 ! exi/+ /ate ( ?+s4 ,its /rik+ ev5ts resembl$ m]ely ! ph5om5a ( a mid-w9t] /orm 9 ,gre5l&1 :]e1 ov] a froz5 ocean1 moveless 9 ! hurricane z a floor ( rock or ( iron1 ! hail beats1 & ! ?ick :irl+ sn[s desc5d1 &1 high above head1 ! fla%+s ( aurora borealis l5d _! _m-col\r$ hues ( my/]y to ! horrors ( ! tempe/4 ,its transactions1 picturesque r ?an important1 :olly fail$ to affect ! framework ( society4 ,t floor ( ice :i* seal$ d[n ! wide ocean ( op9ion reta9$ all its mid-w9t] solidity1 & furni%$ f\ndations z firm z be=e = ! old despotic mon>*ies & ! blood-/a9$ p]secut+ *ur*es4 ,b h[ imm5sely diff]5t ! ev5ts ( ! ye> n[ at an end6 ,its tempe/s h be51 n ^? ( a ,gre5l& w9t]1 b ( a ,gre5l& spr+3 ! dep?s ( society h be5 /irr$ to ! d>k bottom1 :]e all slimy & mon/r\s ?+s lie hid1 &1 "u ! irresi/ible upheav+s ( ! gr\nd-swell1 ! ice has brok5 up2 & amid ! wide welt]+ ( a /ormy sea1 cumb]$ ) ! brok5 ru9s ( anci5t tyrannies1 civil & ecclesia/ical1 ! eye c sc>ce re/ ^u a s+le spot on :i* to base a bett] ord] ( ?+s4 ,! 'f\ndations are remov$4' ,a "t ( great tr\ble has come sudd5ly ^u ! k+doms ( ,europe--a "t ( 'fam9es1 & pe/il5ces1 & fe>ful sights1 & great signs f heav52' 'signs 9 ! sun1 & 9 ! moon1 & 9 ! />s2 & on ! e>? di/ress ( nations1 ) p]plexity2 ! sea & ! waves ro>+4' ,! extreme /illness ( ! calm by :i* ?is wide-ro>+ tempe/ has be5 prec$$1 =ms "o ( n ! lea/ extraord9>y circum/ances :i* imp>t to x "* & effect4 ,9 ! ,vision ( ,don ,rod]ick1 ! fat$ mon>* is describ$ z paus+ = a "t amid ! deep sil5ce ( a va/ hall1 pannell$ & floor$ ) black m>ble1 & s5t9ell$ by two gigantic figures ( rigid bronze t /& moveless aga9/ ! f>!r wall4 ,! "o1 be>+ a scy! & s&-glass1 is ! old giant ,"t2 ! o!r1 arm$ ) an iron mace1 is ! grim angel ( ,de/9y4 ,n a s\nd or motion escapes !m4 ,9 t dim ap>tm5t no?+ /irs save ! s&s 9 ! glass1 & ! inflexible look ( ! /]n mace-be>+ s5t9el m>ks h[ !y ebb4 ,! la/ gra9s are at l5g? mov+ d[nw>ds--!y s9k1 !y disappe>2 & n[1 rais+ 8 pond]\s mace1 he da%es into fragm5ts ! m>ble wall3 a sc5e ( savage w>f>e gleams livid ?r\gh ! op5+1 & ! wide vault re-e*oes to ! holl[ tread ( armies1 ! %rill notes ( w>like trumpets1 ! rude cla% ( arms1 & ! wild %\ts ( battle4 ,& su*1 dur+ ! la/ few ye>s1 has be5 ! /illness ( ! prelim9>y pause1 & su* 0 ! abrupt op5+1 :5 ! pr$e/9$ h\r at l5g? arriv$1 ( ^? clamor\s sc5es ( revolution & w> :i* imp>t s rem>kable a "* to ! ye> gone by4 ,a twelvemon? has n yet pass$ s9ce hi/ory seem$ to want incid5t4 ,"t & ,de/9y wat*$ z /atue-l s5t9els 9 a quiet hall1 wall$ r\nd by ! old rigid conv5tionalities1 & human sagacity fail$ to see aught beyond !m2 ! pres5t s resembl$ ! pa/1 t x seem$ ov]-boldness to anticipate a diff]5t complexion = ! future4 ,b1 amid ! unbrea?+ /illness1 ! appo9t$ h\r arriv$4 ,! rigid m>ble curta9 ( ! old conv5tionalities 0 /ruck asund] by ! iron mace ( ,de/9y2 & ! sil5ce 0 /raightway brok5 by a ro> z if ( _m wat]s1 by ! wra?ful %\ts ( arm$ millions--! ?und]+s ( cannon1 bl5t ) ! rattle ( musketry--! wild %rieks ( dismay & suff]+--! wail+s ( sorr[ & t]ror--! %\ts ( triumph & exultation--! despair+ cry ( s9k+ dyna/ies1 & ! cra% ( fall+ ?rones4 ,& ) :at /range rapidity ! visions h s9ce flitt$ along ! op5$ *asm6 ,a royal proclamation =bids 9 ,p>is a political banquet2 f\r %ort days elapse1 & ,france is proclaim$ a ,republic1 & ,l\is ,philippe & 8 ,m9i/]s h fl$4 ,brita9 at once recognises ! ,provisional ,gov]nm5t2 b :at are ! great despotisms ( ! ,cont95t to d8 ,six days m pass1 & ! ,canton ( ,neuf*atel decl>es itself indep5d5t ( ,prussia4 ,9 a few days aft]1 ! ,duke ( ,saxe-,cob\rg-,go?a grants to 8 subjects a repres5tative con/itution1 fre$om ( ! press1 & trial by jury2 ! ,k+ ( ,hanov] has also to yield1 & ! ,k+ ( ,bav>ia abdicates4 ,^!1 h[ev]1 are comp>atively small matt]s4 ,b /ill ! flame spreads4 ,!re is a successful insurrection at ,vi5na1 ! v /ronghold ( despotism 9 c5tral ,europe2 & ! ,prime ,m9i/]1 ,mett]ni*1 ! grim p]sonification ( ! old policy1 is compell$ to resign4 ,!n foll[s an equally successful insurrection at ,b]l92 ,milan1 ,vic5za1 & ,padua are also 9 op5 insurrection4 ,v5ice is proclaim$ a ,republic4 ,hol/e9 decl>es itself indep5d5t ( ,d5m>k1 ,hung>y ( ,au/ria1 ,sicily ( ,naples4 ,prague & ,crac[ h also _! =midable outbreaks4 ,au/ria & ,prussia proclaim new con/itutions4 ,second>y revolution>y movem5ts 9 bo? ,p>is & ,vi5na are put d[n by ! milit>y4 ,!re are bloody battles f\ght betwe5 ! ,au/rians & ! ,pi$montese on ! "o h&1 & ! ,g]mans & ! ,danes on ! o!r2 &1 9 a /ate ( pr(\nd peace1 ! p ( a ,briti% port he> f _! %ores ! boom ( ! ho/ile cannon4 ,! ,emp]or ( ,au/ria abdicates 8 ?rone1 ! ,pope flees 8 dom9ions1 & a nephew ( ,napoleon ,bonap>te is elect$ ,presid5t ( ,france4 ,mean:ile1 9 ! ,unit$ ,k+dom1 ! ebullitions ( ! revolution>y elem5t s]ve b to demon/rate its own weakness4 ,9 bo? ,engl& & ,scotl&1 ! moral & physical =ce ( ! c\ntry--9 reality b "o--arrays itself on ! side ( good ord] & ! e/abli%$ in/itutions4 ,a few policem5 put d[n1 )\t ! assi/ance ( ! milit>y1 ! long-?reat5$ rebellion 9 ,irel&2 & ! ,sov]eign ,lady ( ! empire1 aft] j\rney+ among h] subjects1 att5d$ by a ret9ue :i* only a few ages ago w\ld h be5 deem$ sl5d] = a ,scot* *iefta9 or "o ( ! less] nobility1 & )\t a s+le soldi] to protect h]1 & ne$+ no su* protection1 sp5ds h] few weeks ( autumn leisure 9 a solit>y ,highl& valley1--a ?\s& times m secure 9 ! affections ( a devot$ & loyal p ?an any o!r ,european mon>* c\ld h be5 9 ! mid/ ( an army ( an hundr$ ?\s& m54 ,su* are "s ( ! wond]ful ev5ts :i* h set _! /amp on ! ye> n[ at its close4 ,we reg>d ! old /ate ( ?+s z gone = ev]4 ,! f\ndations h brok5 up on :i* ! anci5t despotisms 7 f\nd$4 ,x w\ld seem z if '! /one cut out )\t h&s' _h fall5 dur+ ! pa/ ye> on ! feet ( ! great image1 & gr\nd d[n into wor?less rubbi% ! 'iron1 ! clay1 ! brass1 ! silv]1 & ! gold4' ,& '! w9d1' ?\gh n yet ris5 to its height1 seems fa/ ris+1 :i* w sweep !m all away1 'l ! *aff ( ! summ] ?ra%+-floor2' s t '!re %all be no place f\nd = !m4' ,b :ile we c ent]ta9 no hope = ! old decrepit despotisms1 we _c see 9 ! infidel lib]alism--alike unwise & immoral--by :i* !y are 9 ! c\rse ( be+ supplant$1 o!r ?an a disorganiz+ elem5t1 out ( :i* no settl$ ord] ( ?+s c possibly arise4 ,x takes ! "*1 n ( a re=m+ pr9ciple de/9$ to bless1 b ( an in/rum5t ( puni%m5t1 ) :i* v5geance is to be tak5 = ! crimes & errors ( ! pa/2 &1 s f> at lea/1 a "t :5 we ne$ expect to witness b ! /ruggles ( ! two pr9ciples--! old & ! new--z !y act & react aga9/ ea* o!r1 /rong] & weak] by turns1 z !y disgu/ & ali5ate by _! atrocities 9 _! h\r ( p[] su* ( ! m mod]ate classes z _h tak5 "p ) !m 9 _! h\r ( weakness4 ,x is ! gr& error ( our lead+ /atesm51 t !y fail to appreciate ! real "* ( ! crisis1 & w\ld fa9 deal ) ! consequ5t exi/+ difficulties 9 t petty /yle ( diplomatic manoeuvre ) :i* x 0 _! wont to meet ! comp>atively light dem&s ( ! pa/4 ,x w\ld seem z if we _h arriv$ at a /age 9 ! _w's hi/ory 9 :i* /atesman%ip aft] ?is /yle is to be tol]at$ no long]4 ,h[ in/ructive1 = in/ance1 ! mode 9 :i*1 = ! pres5t at lea/1 an all-gov]n+ ,provid5ce has t]m9at$ ! negotiations ( ?is c\ntry ) ! ,pope6 ,contr>y to ! wi%es & pr9ciples ( ! s\nd-he>t$ portion ( ! ,briti% p1 our lead+ /atesm5 op5 up by /atute _! diplomatic relations ) ! ,pope1 palpably ) ! desire ( gov]n+ ,irel& ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( t utt]ly corrupt religion :i* has made t unhappy isl& ! mis]able laz>-h\se t x is2 &1 lo6 ,provid5ce /rikes d[n ! gho/ly pot5tate1 & virtually1 = ! pres5t1 dive/s him ( t 'prop]ty qualification' 9 virtue ( :i* ! relation c alone be ma9ta9$4 ,b n less infatuat$ ?an our /atesm51 & ev5 less excusably s1 are ^? m5--pr(ess$ly religi\s & ,prote/ant1 b ( n>r[ views & weak und]/&+s--:o c id5tify ! cause ( ,*ri/ ) ! old tott]+ despotisms & ! s\l-de/roy+ policy ( pr9ces su* z ! late ,emp]or ( ,au/ria1 & ( m9i/]s su* z ,mett]ni*4 ,x w\ld n greatly surprise u to see ,prote/ants ( ?is high ,tory /amp1 :o h be5 zeal\s aga9/ ,pop]y all _! lives long1 tak+ "p 9 ! 'lam5t ( ! m]*ants & m>9]s' ov] ! p]i%$ ,babylon1 :5 !y f9d t ! repres5tatives ( ! ,roman ,emp]ors mu/ fall ) ! ,roman ,see4 ,!re are two wild bea/s1 l ^? :i* ,daniel saw 9 vision1 cont5d+ toge!r 9 fi]ce w>f>e1--! old ,babyloni% bea/1 horrid ) ! blood ( sa9ts1 & its cruel execution]--! mon/] ( ,a!i/ic ,lib]alism2 b ,*ri/ has id5tifi$ ,8 cause ) nei!r4 ,no reprieve f ! pr9ce awaits ! condemn$ culprit2 & ) ! disreputable & savage execution] he w hold no int]c\rse4 ,de/ruction1 f :i* !re is no escape1 awaits equally on bo?4 ,we began ) a ref]5ce to ,dryd5's ,ye> ( ,wond]s3 we conclude ) an anecdote reg>d+ t ye>1 connect$ ) ! hi/ory ( "o ( ! mo/ em95t judges & be/ m5 ,engl& ev] produc$4 ,x ne$s no application1 %[+ z x does1 ) equal simplicity & =ce1 h[ & on :at pr9ciple ! t]rors ( ye>s su* z ! ',annus ,mirabilis' ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 or ! ',annus ,mirabilis' ( our own1 may be enc\nt]$ ) ! greate/ safety & ! true/ dignity4 ,we quote f ,bi%op ,burnet's ,life ( ,sir ,mat!w ,hale3-- ',he' 7,sir ,mat!w71 says ! ,bi%op1 '_h a g5]\s & noble idea ( ,god 9 8 m9d2 & ?is he f\nd1 above all o!r consid]ations1 pres]ve 8 quiet4 ,&1 inde$1 t 0 s well e/abli%$ 9 him1 t no accid5ts1 h[ sudd5 soev]1 7 obs]v$ to discompose him1 ( :i* an em95t man ( t pr(ession gave me ?is in/ance3--,9 ! ye> #afff an op9ion did run ?r\gh ! nation t ! end ( ! _w w\ld come t ye>4 ,?is1 :e!r set on by a/rolog]s1 or advanc$ by ^? :o ?\ght x might h "s relation to ! numb] ( ! bea/ 9 ! ,revelation1 or promot$ by m5 ( ill designs to di/urb ! public peace1 _h spread mightily among ! p2 & ,judge ,hale go+ t ye> ! ,we/]n ,circuit1 x happ5$ t1 z he 0 on ! b5* at ! assizes1 a mo/ t]rible /orm fell out v unexpect$ly1 accompani$ ) su* fla%es ( lightn+ & claps ( ?und]1 t ! l w h>dly fall out 9 an age2 ^u :i* a :isp] ran ?r\gh ! cr[d1 t n[ 0 ! _w to end1 & ! day ( judgm5t to beg94 ,& at ?is !re foll[$ a g5]al con/]nation 9 ! :ole assembly1 & all m5 =got ! bus9ess !y 7 met ab\t1 & betook !mselves to _! pray]s4 ,?is1 add$ to ! horror rais$ by ! /orm1 look$ v dismal1 insomu* t my au?or--a man ( no ord9>y resolution & firmness ( m9d--confess$ x made a great impression on himself4 ,b he told me t he did obs]ve ! judge 0 n a :it affect$1 & 0 go+ on ) ! bus9ess ( ! c\rt 9 8 ord9>y mann]2 f :i* he made ?is conclusion3 t 8 ?\ghts 7 s well fix$1 t he believ$1 if ! _w _h be5 really to end1 x w\ld h giv5 him no consid]able di/urbance6' ,decemb] #cj1 #ahdh4 ,,effects ,,( ,,religi\s ,,disunion ,,on ,,colonization4 ,x is well t !re %\ld exi/ among/ ! evangeli/ic *ur*es at lea/ a desire = union4 ,we d n ?9k !y w ev] be weld$ into "o )\t mu* heat & _m bl[s4 ,pop]y1 ) mayhap ,infidelity = its assi/ant1 w h fir/ to bl[ up ! coals & ply ! hamm]2 b x is at lea/ some?+ t ! v>i\s pieces ( ! brok5 & %iv]$ ,*ur* ca?olic %\ld be com+ into contact1 drawn toge!r z if by "s /rong attractive influ5ce1 & t !re %\ld be s _m attempts made to fit into ea* o!r1 ?\gh ) b indiff]5t success1 ! r\gh-edg$ inflexible fragm5ts4 ,x is mu* t ! attractive influ5ce %\ld exi/4 ,among ! _m inv5tions ( mod]n times1 a s+ul>ly +5i\s "o has be5 br\ght to be> on ! smelt+ ( iron4 ,a p[]ful magnetic curr5t is made to pass 9 "o direction ?r\gh ! furnace1 :i* imp>ts to ea* metallic p>ticle a load/one-l aff9ity = all ! o!rs2 & no soon] has ! heat set !m free1 ?an1 in/ead ( s9k+1 z 9 ! old process1 ?r\gh ! molt5 /ony mass to ! bottom1 solely 9 effect ( _! sup]ior gravity--a t$i\s1 & 9 "s degree unc]ta9 process--!y at once get into motion 9 ! l9e ( ! curr5t1 & unite1 9 less ?an half ! ord9>y "t "u any o!r circum/ances1 into a homog5e\s1 coh]5t mass4 ,may we n indulge ! expectation ( simil> results f ! magnetic curr5t ( attraction1 if we may s speak1 :i* has s decid$ly begun to fl[ ?r\gh ! evangeli/ic *ur*es8 ,true1 s long z ! little bits rema9 unmolt51 h[ev] excell5t _! quality1 !y b cla% & jangle toge!r1 if mov$ by ! influ5ce at all2 b %\ld ! furnace come to be sev5 times heat$1 x w sc>ce fail to give unity ( motion & a prompt coh]5cy to all ! g5u9e metal1 h[ev] m9ute1 9 its pres5t /ate1 ! p>ticles into :i* x is sep>at$1 or h[ev] /ubborn ! /ony matrices :i* dissociate ^! f ! o!r p>ticles1 "o 9 _! orig9 & nature1 t lie lock$ up 9 ! sull5 fragm5ts ar\nd4 ,nev] p]haps 0 !re a "t :5 ! great disadvantages ( disunion 7 s press$ 9 a practical =m on ! notice ( ! *ur*es z at ! pres5t4 ,x =m$ ! compla9t ( "o ( our bett] ,engli% writ]s consid]ably m ?an a c5tury ago1 t we _h religion en\gh to make u hate1 b n en\gh to make u love1 "o ano!r4 ,at t "t1 h[ev]1 sects1 to employ "o ( ,bacon's /rik+ phrases1 '_h n s gr[n to equality' z n[2 & /orms 9 ! moral _w1 z 9 ! natural 'at ! equ9oxia1' :5 night & day are equal1 are commonly greate/1 adds ! philosoph]1 ':5 ?+s d gr[ to equality4' ,! une/abli%$ ,prote/ant d5om9ations =m$ 9 ! times ( ,que5 ,anne a m]e feeble moiety1 t c\ld raise no effici5t voice aga9/ ! e/abli%$ religion2 & ,pop]y1 newly ?ru/ "u feet1 aft] a =midable /ruggle1 t ?reat5$ to ov]turn ! con/itution ( ! c\ntry1 _h no voice at all4 ,matt]s are v diff]5t n[3 ?+s h gr[n to an equality2 night & day1 z 'at ! equ9oxia1' h become ne>ly equal2 & society c sc>ce take "o /ep = ! g5]al b5efit1 )\t exp]i5c+1 z a ?w>t+ & arre/+ influ5ce1 ! effects ( religi\s diff]5ce4 ,d we regret t ! ,gov]nm5t ( a c\ntry su* z ours %\ld be practically irreligi\s 9 its "*8 ,alas6 7 e ,gov]nm5t function>y 9 ! empire a ?or\ghly religi\s man1 ,gov]nm5t c\ld n act o!rwise ?an x does 9 n a few in/ances1 j 9 consequ5ce ( our religi\s diff]5ces4 ,are !re millions ( ! p s9k+ into brutality & ignorance1 & d our rul]s orig9ate a s*eme ( education 9 _! behalf8--our religi\s diff]5ces /raightway /ep 9 to arre/ & cripple ! design4 ,are !re :ole di/ricts ( c\ntry subject$ to fam9e1 & are we r\s$1 bo? z ,britons & z ,*ri/ians1 to contribute ( our sub/ance = _! relief8--our religi\s diff]5ces imm$iately int]f]e2 & a ,*ur* greatly m id5tifi$ by memb]%ip ) ! suff]]s ?an any o!r1 has to fight a h>d battle ere %e c be p]mitt$ to co-op]ate 9 ! g5]al cause4 ,is !re a ragg$-s*ool s*eme orig9at$ 9 ! capital1 to rescue ! neglect$ p]i%+ "y among u f out ! v jaws ( de/ruction8--=?) rival in/itutions />t up1 on ! gr\nd ( religi\s diff]5ces1 to dw>f "o ano!r into ineffici5cy1 l />vel+ %rubs 9 a nurs]y run wild2 & project$ ex]tions 9 ! cause ( degrad$ & suff]+ humanity deg5]ate into an attack on a b5evol5t ,presbyt]ian m9i/]1 :o refuses to accept1 f consci5ti\s motives1 ( a director%ip 9 a ,popi% in/itution4 ,?is is surely a sad /ate ( ?+s1--a /ate gr[n v g5]al1 & :i* ?reat5s to become m s2 & 9 a due s5se ( ! weakness = all good :i* x creates1 & ( ! palpable /ate ( disorganization & decomposition fav\rable to ! gr[? ( e species ( evil1 physical & moral1 :i* x induces1 we recognise at lea/ "o ( ! causes ( ! g5]al desire = union4 ,to no "o circum/ance has ,rome ow$ m ( its success ?an to ! divisions ( ! ,prote/ant ,*ur*2 & great z t success has be5 9 our own c\ntry1 :]e1 z 'at ! equ9oxia1' day & night are fa/ 'gr[+ to equality1' x is b slight comp>$ ) :at %e has exp]i5c$ 9 ,am]ica & ! colonies4 ,x is a s]i\s consid]ation 9 an age l ! pres5t1 9 :i* ! c\ntry looks to emigration = relief f ! pressure ( a sup]abundant population1 t religion has suff]$ m 9 ! colonies f its sect>ian divisions1 ?an f e o!r cause put toge!r4 ,! way 9 :i* ! mis*ief comes to be done is easily conceivable4 ,! ,prote/ant emigrants ( ! c\ntry quit x always1 ) reg>d to _! *ur*man%ip1 z a m]e undiscipl9$ rabble4 ,! ,episcopalian sets sail 9 ! same vessel1 & = ! same sc5e ( lab\r1 z ! ,indep5d5t--! ,free ,*ur*man ) ! ,bapti/--! ,me?odi/ ) ! ,orig9al ,sec$]--! ,volunt>y ) ! ,e/abli%m5t-man2 & !y squat d[n toge!r on contigu\s lots1 amid ! solitude ( ! =e/4 ,7 !y all ( "o communion1 !re might be sc>ce any break creat$ 9 _! old habits ( *ur*-go+ & religi\s in/ruction4 ,! community1 consid]able z a :ole1 ?\gh v inconsid]able 9 its p>ts :5 brok5 up into d5om9ational septs1 w\ld h its m9i/] ( religion f its fir/ settlem5t1 or almo/ s2 &1 f ! rapid increase :i* takes place 9 all new colonies 9 cong5ial c\ntries & climates1 ! *>ge ( su* a m9i/] w\ld be soon a v important "o1 & adequate to ! full developm5t ( ! en]gies ( a sup]ior man4 ,b alas = ! num]\s d5om9ational septs6 ,ye>s mu/ elapse1 9 "s in/ances _m ye>s1 ere--few & scatt]$1 & necess>ily depriv$ ( e advantage ( ! t]ritorial sy/em--!y c procure = !mselves religi\s tea*]s3 !y fall gradually1 9 ! int]im1 out ( religi\s habits1 or !re rises among !m a g5]ation 9 :i* ^! 7 nev] =m$2 & :5 at l5g? a sept does procure a tea*]1 g5]ally1 f ! comp>ative fewness ( _! numb]s1 ! ext5t ( di/rict ov] :i* !y are spread1 & ! lukew>mness induc$ among !m by _! ye>s ( deprivation--circum/ances :i* make ! *>ge ( su* a p no v desirable "o to a man :o c procure aught bett]1 & :i* h "s effect also 9 r5d]+ _! *oice 9 su* matt]s n v discrim9at+--he is frequ5tly ( a "* little suit$ to pr(it !m4 ,!y succe$ too (t5 9 procur+ n mission>ies1 nor m5 su* z ! m9i/]s ( high] /&+1 t divide ! ^w to ! congregations ( ! "m c\ntry1 b ! c\ntry's m]e rema9d] prea*]s1 :o1 hav+ fail$ 9 mak+ _! way into a liv+ at home1 seek unwill+ly a bit ( bread 9 ! unbrok5 gr\nd ( ! colonies4 ,! circum/ances ( ,pop]y z a coloniz+ religion are 9 all respects imm5sely m fav\rable4 ,= e practical purpose1 x is "o & unit$3 x is furni%$ ) an army ( cl]gy admirably organiz$1 & set peculi>ly loose = movem5t at ! w ( ! g5]al ecclesia/ical body by _! law ( celibacy4 ,x possesses 9 prolific ,irel& a va/ propell+ he>t1 if we may s speak1 ev] work+ 9 s5d+ out ! blood ( a s+ul>ly bigot$ ,romanism to e qu>t] ( ! _w4 ,x has already begun to influ5ce ! elections ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 & %\ld ! ,papal sup]/ition be de/9$ to live s long1 & %\ld its memb]%ip cont9ue to increase at ! pres5t ratio1 !re w be z _m ,papi/s a c5tury h5ce 9 ! great valley ( ! ,mississippi1 & ! tracts adjac5t1 z are at pres5t 9 all ,europe4 ,9 no field 9 ! pres5t day has ,rome m decid$ly ! advantage ?an 9 t ( colonization2 & x is surely a s]i\s consid]ation t x %\ld owe its successes 9 su* l>ge measure to ! divisions ( ,prote/antism4 ,b ^! divisions exi/1 & no am\nt ( regret = ! mis*ief :i* !y occasion w s]ve to less5 !m4 ,we are n dispos$ to give up a s+le t5et :i* we hold z ,free ,*ur*m52 & our bro!r ,prote/ants ( ! o!r d5om9ations are1 we f9d1 q z t5aci\s ( _! di/9ctive hold+s z ourselves4 ,& s ! evils consequ5t on disunion 9 infant colonies & settlem5ts-evils :i*1 :5 once orig9at$1 cont9ue to propagate !mselves = ages--mu/ cont9ue1 9 cases ( promiscu\s emigration1 to be educ$1 & ,rome to pr(it by !m4 ,we f9d a vigor\s attempt to grapple ) ! difficulty1 by r5d]+ emigration n promiscu\s1 b select1 orig9at$ by a bran* ( ! ,new ,zeal& ,company1 :i* we deem wor?y ( notice4 ,x is calculat$1 f ! proportion :i* !y be> to ! entire population ( ! c\ntry1 t f a ?\s& to fifte5 hundr$ ,free ,*ur* p emigrate f ,scotl& e ye>4 ,a numb] equal to a l>ge congregation quit x ye>ly = ! colonies2 b absorb$ among all sorts ( p--9 ,canada1 ,new ,brunswick1 ,nova ,scotia1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ,au/ralia1 & ,s\!rn ,africa1 etc4 etc4--^! nev] reappe> z congregations1 b are subject$1 9 _! scatt]$1 atomic /ate1 to ! det]iorat+ process1 religi\s & educational1 to :i* we h ref]r$ z inevitable "u t economy ( promiscu\s emigration unhappily s common 9 ^! latt] times4 ,9 an e>li] age ! case 0 diff]5t4 ,! ,pilgrim ,fa!rs :o fir/ plant$ ,new ,engl& 7 s mu* at "o 9 _! t5ets1 t !y _h no difficulty 9 mak+ ! laws ( ! colony a f\ndation on :i* to erect ! plat=m bo? ( a g5]al *ur* & ( an educational in/itute2 & till ?is day1 ! "*1 moral & intellectual1 ( t "p ( ! ,/ates tells ( ! wisdom ( ! arrangem5t4 ,n[ :y1 argue ! ,company1 might n a simil> result be produc$ 9 ! pres5t age1 by direct+ ! ,free ,*ur* portion ( ! outw>d /ream ( emigration1 or at lea/ a suffici5t "p ( x1 into "o locality8 ,if ! disa/r\s effects ( division _c be prev5t$ by reconcil+ ! disagreem5ts ( ^? :o already diff]1 !y may be obviat$ surely1 to a l>ge ext5t1 by br++ into juxtaposition ^? :o already agree4 ,& on ?is simple pr9ciple ! ,company has f\nd$ its ,free ,*ur* colony ( ,otago4 ,( c\rse1 reg>d+ ! secul> advantages ( ! colony1 we _c speak4 ,new ,zeal& has be5 long reg>d$ z ! ,great ,brita9 ( ! s\!rn hemisph]e4 ,x possesses = a ,european con/itution peculi> advantages ( climate2 ! neighb\rhood ( ! settlem5t1 = sev]al hundr$ miles toge!r1 is des]t$ by ! natives2 ,gov]nm5t is pl$g$ to ! appo9tm5t ( a ,royal ,commission] to wat* ov] ! int]e/s ( ,h] ,maje/y's subjects 9 connection ) ! ,company1 & to af=d !m protection2 ! committee = promot+ ! settlem5t ( ! colony includes "s ( ! mo/ respect$ names 9 ! ,free ,*ur*2 & ?us1 judg$ by all ! ord9>y te/s1 x seems to promise at lea/ z well z any o!r resembl+ field ( ent]prise op5 at ! pres5t "t4 ,b respect+ ! pr9ciples involv$ 9 ?is s*eme ( colonization1 we c speak m directly f ! circum/ance t we f9d !m recognis$ z j & good by ! ,g5]al ,assembly ( our ,*ur*4 ,! records ( ! ,assembly ( #ahde be> ! foll[+ deliv]ance on ! subject3--',! ,g5]al ,assembly le>n ) great pleasure ! prospect ( ! spe$y e/abli%m5t ( ! ,scot* colony ( ,new ,ed9burgh n[ ,otago 9 ,new ,zeal&1 consi/+ ( memb]s ( ! ,free ,*ur*1 & ) e security = ! coloni/s be+ provid$ ) ! ord9ances ( religion & ! means ( education 9 connection ) ?is ,*ur*4 ,)\t express+ any op9ion reg>d+ ! secul> advantages or prospects ( ! propos$ und]tak+1 ! ,g5]al ,assembly highly approve ( ! pr9ciples on :i* ! settlem5t is propos$ to be conduct$1 9 s f> z ! religi\s & educational int]e/s ( ! coloni/s are conc]n$2 & ! ,assembly desire to c\nt5ance & enc\rage ! association 9 ^! respects4' ,we h se5 ! wa/e ( m9d :i* takes place 9 ! colonies ( a v highly civilis$ c\ntry adv]t$ to 9 a r fanciful & rationali/ic connection ) ! despond+ reply ( ! captive ,jews to _! spoil]s3 ',h[ %all we s+ ! ,"l's song 9 a /range l&8' ,ages1 sometimes :ole c5turies1 elapse1 rem>ks ! comm5tator1 ere ! colonies ( ev5 em95tly lit]>y nations come to possess poets & f9e writ]s ( _! own4 ,!re is fir/ a /ruggle = b>e exi/5ce among ! coloni/s1 dur+ :i* ! high] bran*es ( le>n+ are necess>ily neglect$2 & :5 a bett] "t at l5g? comes1 ! g5]al m9d is f\nd to h acquir$1 dur+ ! /ruggle1 a homely & utilit>ian ca/1 :i* militates aga9/ ! "r appreciation1 & ( c\rse ! production1 ( :at is excell5t4 ,& ?us ! true div9ities ( song fail to be sung 9 a =eign l&4 ,!re is1 we d\bt n1 tru? 9 ! rem>k1 ?\gh some:at qua9tly express$1 & some:at d\btfully d]iv$4 ,! necessities ( a colony 9 its y\?1 & ! peculi> ca/ ( m9d :i* !y s]ve to induce1 are c]ta9ly n fav\rable to ! developm5t ( poetic g5ius4 ,b !re is1 alas6 ano!r & m scriptural s5se 9 :i* ! ',"l's song' too (t5 ceases to be sung 9 a /range l&4 ,we h already adv]t$ to ! process ( det]ioration1 moral & religi\s1 ?r\gh :i* x comes to be sil5c$2 & x is "o ( ! advantages ( ! ,otago s*eme1 t x makes provision 91 we believe1 ! mo/ effectual way possible1 9 ! pres5t divid$ /ate ( ,prote/antism1 = prev5t+ a result s deplorable4 ,y\? is an important season1 z c]ta9ly 9 colonies z 9 individuals2 & we "q :e!r ! *>act]i/ic recklessness ( ,yankeeism 9 ! f> we/ & s\? may n be legitimately trac$ to ! neglect$ y\?head ( ! ,/ates 9 :i* x is mo/ broadly app>5t4 ,! det]ioration ( a s+le g5]ation left to run wild may influ5ce = ! worse1 dur+ :ole c5turies1 ! "* ( a p2 & :o c pr$icate :at ^! colonies ( ! s\!rn hemisph]e are yet to become8 ,!y may be great nations1 influ5c+ = good or evil ! de/9ies ( ! species 9 ages ( ! _w :5 ,brita9 %all h sunk into a subord9ate p[]1 or %all h no "n save 9 hi/ory4 ,^? records ( ! pa/1 f :i* we le>n t /ates & peoples1 z c]ta9ly z families & individuals1 are born & die1 & h _! times ( bir? & ( burial1 may s]ve to conv9ce u t ! melan*oly reflection ( "o ( our lat] poets on ?is subject is by no means a fanciful "o3 ',my he>t has sigh$ 9 secret1 :5 ,i ?\ght ,t ! d>k tide ( "t might "o day close1 ,engl&1 o'er !e1 z long s9ce x has clos$ ,on ,egypt & on ,tyre1--t ages h5ce1 ,f ! ,pacific's bill[y lonel9ess1 ,^: tract ?y d>+ se>* reveal$1 "s isle ,might rise1 9 gre5-hair$ beauty em95t1 ,& l a goddess glitt]+ f ! deep1 ,h]eaft] sway ! sceptre ( doma9 ,f pole to pole2 & su* z n[ ?\ art1 ,p]haps ,new ,zeal& be4 ,= :o c say ,:at ! ,omnipot5t ,et]nal ,"o1 ,t made ! _w1 ha? purpos$8' ,june #af1 #ahdg4 ,,f9e-,,bodyism4 ,( all ! dang]s to :i* ! ,free ,*ur* is at pres5t expos$1 we deem ! dang] ( f9e-bodyism at once ! lea/ dread$ & ! mo/ imm95t4 ,& ! evil is 9 itself no light "o3 x m>ks1 bett] ?an any ( ! o!r isms--ev5 ! h]esies !mselves--! s9k+ ( a ,*ur* t is nev] to rise aga94 ,*ur*es h be5 affect$ by dang]\s h]esies bo? ( ! hot & ! cold k9ds1 & h yet %ak5 !m (f & recov]$4 ,! ,presbyt]ians ( ,irel&1 n[ s s\nd 9 _! cre$1 7 ext5sively affect$1 little m ?an half a c5tury ago1 by ,arian error & ! semi-infidelity ( ,soc9us2 & ! ,*ur* t 9 #ahdc _h become vigor\s en\gh to d>e ! ,disruption1 record$ 9 ! ye> #agif its vote aga9/ missions1 & fram$ 9 ! ye> #agih its law aga9/ *ur* ext5sion4 ,b we "k ( no ,*ur* t ev] recov]$ f f9e-bodyism :5 ! disease _h once fairly settl$ into its confirm$ & *ronic /ate4 ,9 at lea/ ?is age & c\ntry x exi/s z ! atrophy ( a cureless decl9e4 ,x 7 well1 h[ev]1 t we %\ld say :at x is we mean by f9e-bodyism2 & we f9d we _c d bett] ?an quote our def9ition f ! fir/ spee* ev] deliv]$ by ,*alm]s 9 ! ,g5]al ,assembly4 ',x is q ridicul\s to say1' rem>k$ ?is mo/ sagaci\s ( m51 't ! wor? ( ! cl]gy w suffice to keep !m up 9 ! e/imation ( society4 ,?is wor? mu/ be comb9$ ) importance4 ,give bo? wor? & importance to ! same individual1 & :at are ! t]ms employ$ 9 describ+ him8 ,a di/+ui%$ memb] ( society1 ! ornam5t ( a mo/ respectable pr(ession1 ! virtu\s companion ( ! great1 & a g5]\s consolation to all ! sickness & pov]ty ar\nd him4 ,^!1 ,mod]ator1 appe> to me to be ! t]ms peculi>ly descriptive ( ! appropriate "* ( a cl]gyman1 & !y s]ve to m>k ! place :i* he ought to occupy2 b take away ! importance & leave only ! wor?1 & :at d y make ( him8 ,:at is ! descriptive t]m appli$ to him n[8 ,precisely ! t]m :i* ,i (t5 f9d appli$ to _m ( my bre?r51 & :i* galls me to ! v bone e mom5t ,i he> x--a f9e body--a be+ :om y may l1 b :om ,i defy y to e/eem--a m]e object ( ende>m5t--a be+ :om ! great may at times hon\r ) ! condesc5sion ( a d9n]1 b :om !y w nev] admit z a respectable addition to _! society4 ,n[1 all t ,i dem& f ! ,c\rt ( ,te9ds is to be rais$1 & t z spe$ily z possible1 above ! imputation ( be+ a f9e body2 t !y w\ld add importance to my wor?1 & give spl5d\r & efficacy to ^? ex]tions :i* h = _! object ! mo/ exalt$ int]e/s ( ! species4' ,! ,free ,*ur* has = ev] clos$ h] connection ) ! ,c\rt ( ,te9ds2 b h] dang] f f9e-bodyism is 9 consequ5ce all ! great]1 n ! less4 ,! ,su/5tation ,fund is h] ,c\rt ( ,te9ds n[2 & x is to x t %e has 9 ! fir/ in/ance to look = protection f ! all-pot5t b insidi\s & va/ly "u-e/imat$ evil "u :i* no ,*ur* ev] ?rove4 ,! out$ m9i/]s are comp>atively safe4 ,unless prud5ce be altoge!r want+1 & ! wolf comes to ! door1 n1 z 9 ! *ild's /ory-book1 9 ! disguise ( a s(t-voic$ girl1 b 9 t ( a gruff %]iff's (fic]1 !y w cont9ue to be> ?r\gh life ! old /atus ( ! ,e/abli%m5t1 height5$ by ! clat ( ! ,disruption4 ,b our y\ng] m5 ( subsequ5t appo9tm5t /& on no su* plat=m1 nor w any ( _! contempor>ies or successors /ep ^u x z a matt] ( c\rse :5 ! h]oes ( ! conflict h dropp$ away1 & !y come to occupy _! vacant places4 ,_! /atus w be f\nd to dep5d on two circum/ances1 nei!r ( !m d]iv$ f ! m5 ( a =m] "t--on _! ability to ma9ta9 a respectable place among ! middle classes1 & on _! s*ola/ic acquirem5ts & g5]al mann]s4 ,a half-paid1 half-taught1 half-br$ m9i/] ( religion may be a v excell5t man2 we h se5 su*1 bo? 9 ,engl& & our own c\ntry1 among ! non-,presbyt]ian ,diss5t]s :o lab\r$ to d well1 & 7 exce$+ly 9 e>ne/2 b no su* type ( m9i/] w ev] be f\nd influ5tial 9 ,scotl&1 ei!r 9 ext5d+ ! limits ( a ,*ur*1 or 9 b5efit+ ! m intellig5t classes ( ! p4 ,& ! two circum/ances ( acquirem5t & remun]ation w be f\nd indissolubly connect$4 ,a ,*ur* ( "u-paid m9i/]s1 h[ev] fairly x may />t1 w1 9 ! lapse ( a g5]ation1 become a ,*ur* ( "u-taught & "u-br$ m9i/]s also4 ,nor is !re any *ance t ! evil1 once begun1 w ev] cure itself1 = ! "u-br$ & ! "u-taught w be sure to cont9ue ! "u-paid4 ,t animat+ _s ( a ,*ur*1 )\t :i* weal? & le>n+ avail b little1 money n[1 z ( old1 _c buy2 b ! secul> w be ev] f\nd to dep5d on ! secul>1--! g5]al rate ( secul> acquirem5t on ! g5]al rate ( secul> remun]ation2 & unless bo? be pit*$ at a level v consid]ably above t ( ! lab\r+ laity1 :i* con/itutes ! great bulk ( congregations1 ev5 ! bett] m9i/]s ( a ,*ur* ne$ n expect to escape f9e-bodyism4 ,& once infect$ ) ?is fatal indisposition1 !y mu/ be cont5t to suff]1 among o!r evils1 ! evil ( be+ p]mitt$ to lay :atev] claim to /atus !y may *oose1 )\t *all5ge or contradiction4 ',oh yes1' x w be said1 %\ld !y ass]t t _! ,*ur* is ! ,*ur* ( ! nation1 & t x is !y !mselves1 & n ! m9i/]s ( ! ,e/abli%m5t1 :o are on ! true con/itutional gr\nd1--',oh yes1 ,*ur* ( ! nation1 or1 if ye w1 ,*ur* ( ! :ole _w1 or1 9 %ort1 any?+ y please2 = y are f9e bodies4' ,*alm]s ex]cis$ all 8 sagacity :5 he dem&$ ( ! ,c\rt ( ,te9ds 'to be rais$1 & t z spe$ily z possible1 above ! imputation ( be+ a f9e body4' ,& :at ,*alm]s dem&$ ( ! ,c\rt ( ,te9ds1 e m9i/] ( ! ,free ,*ur* ought to ask ( ! ,su/5tation ,fund4 ,b h[ is ! dem& to be effectually made8 ,x is well kn[n to /atesm51 :o1 :5 !y once get a tax impos$ by ,p>liam5t1 c employ all ! ma*9]y ( ! police & ! /&+ army--( f9es1 confiscations1 & prisons--9 exact+ x1 t yet1 not)/&+1 9 ! ari?metic ( f9ance two & two d n always make f\r4 ,!re are c]ta9 pre-exi/+ laws to be /udi$--laws n ( man's pass+1 b :i* arise out ( man's nature & ! true be>+s & relations ( ?+s2 & unless ^! be /udi$ & con=m$ to1 ! ,p>liam5t-impos$ tax1 ?\gh back$ by ! con/able & ! jail1 w realize b little4 ,& if ! /atesman mu/ /udy ^! laws1 well may ! ,*ur* d s1 :o has no con/ables 9 h] pay1 & to :om no jail-keys h be5 entru/$4 ,x ought1 we ?9k1 to be reg>d$ z "o fundam5tal law1 t :atev] has be5 ga9$ by ! sev5 ye>s' e/abli%m5t ( ! ,fund1 %\ld n be lightly p]ill$ by bold & untri$ innovations4 ,true1 !re may1 on ! "o h&1 be dang]1 if let too mu* alone1 t its gr[? %\ld be arre/$1 & ( its pass+ into a /unt$ & hide-b\nd condition1 little capable ( increase2 b ! dang] is at lea/ z great1 on ! o!r1 t if subject$ to fundam5tal *anges1 x might lose t advantage ( p]man5cy :i* :atev] is e/abli%$ possesses 9 virtue ( its be+ su*2 & :i* has its f\ndation 9 habit1 & 9 t vague s5se ( responsibility :i* leads m5 to give1 ye> aft] ye>1 :at !y _h be5 accu/om$ to give 9 ! previ\s ye>s1 j because !y _h giv5 x4 ,let x n be =gott51 t ?\gh mu* /ill rema9s to be done 9 connection ) ?is ,fund1 mu* has be5 done already--t a volunt>y tax ( ab\t eighty ?\s& p\nds p] annum1 rais$ f ab\t "o-?ird1 & t by no means ! weal?ie/ ?ird1 ( ! ,scotti% p1 is really n a small1 b a great "o--& t z great1 & z wor?y ( be+ desir$ & equall$1 d ! o!r non-end[$ ,*ur*es ( ! c\ntry reg>d x4 ,no tamp]+1 !re=e1 ) its pr9ciple %\ld be attempt$3 he 0 an em95tly wise man :o fir/ devis$ & in/itut$ x1--n once 9 an age d *ur*es1 or ev5 c\ntries1 get su* m5 to guide _! affairs1--& x ought by all means to be p]mitt$ to set & consolidate 9 ! m\ld :i* he =m$ = x4 ,we w\ld apply 9 ?is case ! language ( a philosophic writ] ( ! la/ age1 :5 speak+ ( gov]nm5t 9 g5]al3--',an e/abli%$ ord] ( ?+s1' he said1 'has an inf9ite advantage1 by ! v circum/ance ( its be+ e/abli%$4 ,to tamp]1 !re=e1 to try exp]im5ts ^u x1 ^u ! cr$it ( suppos$ fitness & improvem5t1 c nev] be ! "p ( a wise man1 :o w be> a rev]5ce = :at c>ries ! m>ks ( ! /ability ( age2 & ?\gh he may attempt "s improvem5ts = ! public good1 yet w he adju/ 8 innovations z mu* z possible to ! anci5t fabric1 & pres]ve entire ! *ief pill>s & supports ( ! in/itution4' ,x ought1 we hold1 to be reg>d$ z ano!r law ( ! ,fund1 t ! means tak5 to increase x %\ld be means exclusively fitt$ to lead ! giv]s to ?9k ( _! duties1 n ( _! rights4 ,! ,su/5tation ,fund is n ! result ( a tax prop]ly s call$1 b an accumulation ( freewill (f]+s r5d]$ to ! ,*ur* by m5 :o 9 ?is matt] are responsible to ,god only4 ,:at ! ,*ur* receives on ^! t]ms %e c divide2 b :at ! giv]s d n place at h] disposal--:at1 on ! contr>y1 !y res]ve = q ano!r purpose--%e _c lay hold ( & di/ribute4 ,x is n h]s1 b !irs2 & ! attempt to appropriate x might be v fatal4 ,h5ce ! dang] ( ! "q reg>d+ ! appropriation = g5]al purposes ( supplem5ts1 :i* 0 moot$ two ye>s ago1 b :i* 0 s promptly put d[n by ! good s5se ( ! ,*ur*4 ,x w\ld h l$ m5 to cont5d = _! rights1 &1 9 ! /ruggle1 to =get _! duties2 & ! battle w\ld h be5 a los+ "o = ! ,fund4 ,we reg>d x z ano!r law1 t ! di/ribution ( ! su/5tation money entru/$ to ! ,*ur* %\ld be a di/ribution1 n discretion>y1 b fix$ by def9ite enactm5t4 ,a discretion>y lic5ce ( di/ribution1 ext5d$ to "s c5tral bo>d or committee1 ev5 ?\gh "u ! g5]al review ( ! ,*ur*1 c\ld n be o!r ?an imm95tly dang]\s1 because oppos$ 9 _s to ! v pr9ciple ( ,presbyt]y4 ,& if ,presbyt]y & ! ,su/5tation ,fund come into collision 9 ! ,free ,*ur* ( ,scotl&1 x is n difficult to say :i* ( ! two w\ld g d[n4 ,x has be5 %rewdly rem>k$ by ,hume1 t 9 mon>*ies !re is room = discretion>y p[]--! laws "u a great & wise pr9ce may 9 "s cases be s(t5$1 or p>tially susp5d$1 & c>ri$ into full effect 9 o!rs2 b republics admit ( no su* discretion>y au?ority--! laws 9 !m mu/ 9 e in/ance be ?or\ghly execut$1 or set aside altoge!r4 ,e act ( discretion>y au?ority is treason aga9/ ! con/itution4 ,& s is x ) ,presbyt]y4 ,give to a c5tral bo>d or committee ! p[] ( sitt+ 9 judgm5t on ! circum/ances ( m9i/]s ( _! body1 & ( apportion+ to "o "s ?irty or =ty p\nds additional1 & ( cutt+ d[n ano!r to ! av]age divid5d1 &1 = a "t at lea/1 ! ,presbyt]ian indep5d5ce is gone4 ,b ! reaction po9t once rea*$--& 9 ! ,free ,*ur* ! process w\ld n be a v t$i\s "o--! discretion>y au?ority w\ld be swept away 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 & ! ,su/5tation ,fund n a little damag$ 9 ! second4 ,x is ( p>am\nt importance1 !re=e--a law on no acc\nt to be neglect$ or trav]s$--t ! di/ribution ( ! ,fund be regulat$ by rules s rigid & unb5d+1 & ( su* g5]al application1 t ! manife/ation ( fav\r or ! ex]cise ( patronage on ! "p ( ! bo>d or committee au?oriz$ to wat* ov] x may be :olly an impossibility4 ,x is1 9 ! next place1 ( importance c>efully to scan ! s\rces :5ce ! expect$ increase ( ! ,fund is to come4 ,! giv]s 9 ! ,free ,*ur* at ! pres5t "t seem to lie v mu* 9 extremes4 ,a consid]able numb]1 animat$ by ! ,disruption _s1 contribute greatly m to m9i/]ial support1 9 proportion to _! incomes1 ?an ! old ,diss5t]s ( ! k+dom2 b a /ill l>g] numb]1 repos+ indol5tly on ! ex]tions ( ^!1 & 9 :om ! habit has n be5 cultivat$ or =m$1 give consid]ably less4 ,x 0 /at$ by ,mr4 ,melv91 9 ! meet+ ( ! ,unit$ ,presbyt]ian ,synod held on ,w$nesday la/1 t1 'on an av]age1 ! memb]s ( weak congregations 9 connection ) _! body contribut$ to ! support ( _! m9i/] ab\t #ads4 #f;d4 p] annum1 besides ab\t #bs4 #f;d4 = mission>y purposes1 :ile "s ( !m contribut$ ev5 z high z #bes4 to #bfs4' ,n[1 an av]age rate ( contribution lib]al z ?is1 among ! memb]s ( c\ntry congregations 9 ! ,free ,*ur*1 w\ld at once place ! ,fund 9 fl\ri%+ circum/ances1 & r5d] x1 unless its managem5t 0 v unwise inde$1 suffici5t to ma9ta9 a m9i/ry high above ! dread$ level ( f9e-bodyism4 ,nor d we see :y1 if we except ! cru%$ & pov]ty-/rick5 p ( "s ( ! poor] ,highl& di/ricts1 ,free ,*ur* congregations 9 ! c\ntry %\ld n contribute z l>gely to *ur* purposes z ,unit$ ,presbyt]ian congregations 9 ! same localities4 ,! memb]%ip ( bo? belong g5]ally to ! same level ( society1 &1 if equally will+1 are ab\t equally able to contribute4 ,"h1 !n1 is a field :i* /ill rema9s to be wr\ght4 ,some?+1 too1 may be done at ! pres5t "t1 f ! circum/ance t ! la/ in/alm5t ( ! ,manse ,build+ ,fund is j 9 ! act ( be+ paid1 & ^? :o h be5 subscrib+ = five ye>s to ?is object1 & =m$ a habit ( p]iodic giv+ 9 relation to x1 may be induc$ to transf] a portion ( :at !y gave to ! p]man5t fund1 & s cont9ue contribut+4 ,ere1 h[ev]1 !y c be expect$ to d s1 !y mu/ be fairly assur$ t :at !y give is to be employ$ 9 /r5g!n+ & consolidat+ ! ,*ur*1 & 9 rais+ h] m9i/]s above ! level ( f9e-bodyism1 n 9 add+ to h] weakness by add+ to h] ext5t4 ,until a di/9ct pl$ge be giv5 t !re %all n be s mu* z a s+le new *>ge sanction$ until ! ye>ly divid5d am\nts to at lea/ a hundr$ & fifty p\nds1 we mu/ despair ( ! ,su/5tation ,fund4 ,"o may hopefully attempt ! fill+ up ( a tun1 h[ev] va/ its cont5ts2 b !re c be no hope :atev] 9 attempt+ ! fill+ ( a sieve4 ,& if :at is p\r$ into ! ,su/5tation ,fund is to be p]mitt$1 in/ead ( ris+ 9 ! divid5d1 to dribble out incont95tly 9 a feeble ext5sion1 x w be all too soon discov]$ t :at we h to deal ) is n ! tun1 b ! sieve2 & ! laity1 los+ all he>t1 w cease _! ex]tions1 & p]mit _! m9i/]s to s9k into pov]ty & f9e-bodyism4 ,may #ae1 #ahej4 ,,organ%ip4 ,"s six or eight mon?s aft] ! ,disruption !re occurr$ an amus+ dispute betwe5 two ,ed9burgh newspap]s1 ea* ( :i* aspir$ to repres5t ! ,e/abli%m5t solely & exclusively1 )\t coadjutor or rival4 ,! "o pap] ass]t$ t x 0 ! vehicle ( ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur*1 ! o!r t x 0 ! ,*ur*'s organ2 & ea*1 9 ass]t+ its own claim1 *all5g$ t ( its neighb\r4 ,! organ 0 sure t ! vehicle lack$ ! true vehicul> "*2 & ! vehicle ?rew grave d\bts on ! organ%ip ( ! organ4 ,9 some:at less ?an half a ye>1 h[ev]1 ! dispute came sudd5ly to a close3 ! vehicle--l a luckless opposition coa*1 weak 9 its proprietor%ip--0 run (f ! road1 & broke d[n2 & ! triumphant organ1 seiz+ eag] hold ( ! "n ( its defunct rival z legitimate spoil1 hung x up imm$iately "u its own1 z a r$ w>rior ( ! ,we/ seizes hold ( ! scalp ( a fall5 enemy1 & susp5ds x at 8 middle by 8 belt ( wampum4 ,! controv]sy1 h[ev]1 la/$ q long en\gh to lead curi\s m9ds to inquire h[ or on :at pr9ciple a body s divid$ z ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur* c\ld possibly h ei!r vehicle or organ4 ,if ! organ1 x 0 said1 adequately repres5t ,dr4 ,muir1 x _c fail v griev\sly to misrepres5t ,dr4 ,bryce2 & if ! vehicle be adapt$ to give public air+s to ! ?\ghts & op9ions ( ! bluff old ,mod]ates1 ^? ( ,dr4 ,lei%man & ! ,=ty mu/ travel out into ! w9d & ! sunlight by an opposition conveyance4 ,"o organ or "o vehicle w be no m compet5t to s]ve a delib]ative ecclesia/ical body1 div]se 9 its compon5ts1 ?an "o organ or vehicle w be able to s]ve a delib]ative political body brok5 into factions4 ,s+le p>ties1 z su*--:e!r secul> or ecclesia/ical--may h _! s+le organ apiece2 b x seems z little possible t a ,presbyt]ian ,g5]al ,assembly %\ld h only "o organ repres5tative ( ! :ole1 z t a ,h\se ( ,lords or a ,h\se ( ,commons %\ld h "o organ repres5tative ( ! :ole4 ,an organ ( ! ,e/abli%m5t 9 its pres5t /ate ( disunion1 if at all adequately repres5tative1 c\ld n fail to resemble ,montgom]y's /range p]sonification ( w>3 ',a de=m$ g5ius1 ) two heads1 :i*1 unlike ^? ( ,janus1 7 plac$ front to front2 innum]able arms1 bran*+ out all ar\nd 8 %\ld]s1 sides1 & *e/2 & ) ?ighs & legs z multitud9\s z 8 arms4 ,8 tw9 faces1' cont9ues ! poet1 '7 frightfully di/ort$3 !y gl>$1 !y gr9n$1 !y spat1 !y rail$1 & hiss$1 & ro>$2 !y gna%$ _! tee?1 & bit1 & butt$ ) _! =eheads at ea* o!r2 8 arms1 wield+ swords & spe>s1 7 fight+ pell-mell toge!r2 8 legs1 9 l mann]1 7 indefatigably at v>iance1 /rid+ contr>y ways1 & trampl+ on ea* o!r's toes1 or kick+ ea* o!r's %9s1 z if by mutual cons5t4' ,su* w\ld be ! true repres5tative ( an organ t adequately repres5t$ ! ,e/abli%m5t4 ,we are l$ into ?is ve9 on ! pres5t occasion by a rec5t discussion 9 high qu>t]s on ! organ%ip ( ! ,free ,*ur*1--a ,presbyt]ian body1 be x rem>k$1 z purely delib]ative 9 its c\rts z ! ,p>liam5t ( ! c\ntry1 & at lea/ suffici5tly affect$ by ! _s ( ! age to include )9 its pale a consid]able div]sity ( op9ion4 ,x is z impossible1 f ?is cause alone1 t ! ,free ,*ur* %\ld be repres5t$ by a s+le organ1 z t ! ,h\se ( ,commons %\ld be repres5t$ by a s+le organ4 ,! organ1 = in/ance1 t repres5t$ on ! education "q ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,moody ,/u>t1 w\ld mo/ mis]ably misrepres5t ! p>ty :o advocate ! views ( ! great fa!r ( ! ,free ,*ur*--! late ,dr4 ,*alm]s4 ,! organ t repres5t$ ! peculi> beliefs held1 reg>d+ ! p]sonal adv5t1 by ! p>ty to :i* ,mr4 ,bon> ( ,kelso belongs1 w\ld greatly misrepres5t ^? ( ! p>ty to :i* ,mr4 ,david ,br[n ( ,glasg[ & ,mr4 ,fairbairn ( ,salt\n belong4 ,! organ t advocat$ ,dr4 ,cunn+ham's & ,dr4 ,james ,bu*anan's views ( ! ,college "q1 w\ld be diametrically oppos$ to ! view ( ,dr4 ,br[n ( ,ab]de5 & ,mr4 ,gray ( ,p]?4 ,! organ t cont5d$ = an ecclesia/ical "r to legislate on ! temporalities accord+ to ! pr9ciple ( ,mr4 ,hay ( ,:it]ig1 w\ld provoke ! det]m9$ opposition ( ,mr4 ,makgill ,cri*ton ( ,rankeill\r4 ,! organ t took "p ) ! ,evangelical & ,sabba? ,alliances 9 ! _s ( ,dr4 ,c&li% ( ,/4 ,george's1 w\ld h to def5d its position aga9/ ,mr4 ,k+ ( ,/4 ,/eph5's ( ! ,b>ony2 & ! organ t esp\s$ ! s5tim5ts held on te/s by ,mr4 ,wood ( ,elie1 w\ld f9d itself 9 ho/ile antagonism ) ^? ent]ta9$ on ! same subject by ,mr4 ,gibson ( ,k+/on4 ,& su* are only a few ( ! que/ions1 & ^! ( an ecclesia/ical or semi-ecclesia/ical "*1 reg>d+ :i* a div]sity ( views1 s5tim5ts1 & op9ions 9 ! ,free ,*ur* r5d]s x impossible t x c be adequately repres5t$ by any "o organ1 ev5 %\ld t organ be ( a purely ecclesia/ical "*4 ,b a newspap] is n ( a purely ecclesia/ical "*2 & !re are subjects on :i* x may repres5t a va/ majority ( ! p ( a ,*ur*1 )\t 9 ! lea/ degree repres5t+ ! ,*ur* itself1 simply because !y are subjects on :i* a ,*ur*1 z su*1 c hold no op9ions :atev]4 ,x is1 = in/ance1 n = a ,*ur* to say 9 :at degree %e tru/s ! ,:igs or suspects ! ,tories--or :e!r h] suspicion be great & h] tru/ small--or :e!r %e deem x m desirable t ,ed9burgh %\ld be repres5t$ by ,mr4 ,c[an1 ?an mis-repres5t$ by ,mr4 ,macaulay4 ,^!1 & all cognate matt]s1 are matt]s on :i* ! ,*ur*1 z su*1 has no voice1 & reg>d+ :i* %e c !re=e h no organ2 & yet ^! are matt]s ) :i* a newspap] is necessitat$ to deal4 ,x w\ld be o!r ?an a newspap] if x did n4 ,on ^! que/ions1 h[ev]1 :i* lie s palpably beyond ! ecclesia/ical pale1 ?\gh ! ,*ur* c h no organ1 zeal\s ,*ur*m5 may2 & !re c be no d\bt :atev] t !y are que/ions on :i* zeal\s ,free ,*ur*m5 are v ?or\ghly divid$--s ?or\ghly1 t any s+le newspap] c\ld repres5t1 9 ref]5ce to !m1 only "o class4 ,! late ,mr4 ,john ,hamilton1 = in/ance--a good & hone/ man1 :o1 9 8 "* z a ,free ,*ur*man1 det]m9$ly oppos$ ! return ( ,mr4 ,macaulay--0 :olly at issue reg>d+ "s ( ^! po9ts ) ! ,hon\rable ,mr4 ,fox ,maule1 :o 9 #ahdf m\nt$ ! hu/+s to say t ! 'gratitude & hon\r ( ! ,free ,*ur*' 0 involv$ 9 ,mr4 ,macaulay's return4 ,& s ! organ t repres5t$ ! "o1 c\ld n fail to misrepres5t ! o!r4 ,n[1 we are aw>e t on ?is1 & on a few o!r occasions1 ! ,witness mu/ h giv5 v consid]able dissatisfaction 9 ! political dep>tm5t to c]ta9 memb]s ( ! ,free ,*ur*4 ,x 0 n at all _! organ on ^! occasions2 nay1 at ! v outset ( its c>e]1 x _h solemnly pl$g$ itself n to be _! organ4 ,! foll[+ passage 0 writt5 by its pres5t ,editor1 ere ! fir/ appe>ance ( 8 pap]1 & =m$ a "p ( its prospectus3--',! ,witness1' he said1 'w n esp\se ! cause ( any ( ! political p>ties :i* n[ agitate & divide ! c\ntry4' ',public measures1 h[ev]1 w be weigh$ z !y pres5t !mselves 9 an imp>tial _s1 ) c>e proportion$ to _! importance1 & ) ref]5ce n to ! p>ty ) :i* !y may *ance to orig9ate1 b to ! pr9ciples :i* !y %all be f\nd to involve4' ,su* 0 ! pl$ge giv5 by ! ,editor ( ! ,witness2 & he n[ *all5ges 8 read]s to say :e!r he has n hone/ly r$eem$ x4 ,man is naturally a tool-mak+ animal2 & :5 he becomes a politician by pr(ession1 8 +5uity 9 ?is special walk ( con/ructiv5ess is1 we f9d1 always greatly %>p5$ by ! exig5cies ( 8 vocation4 ,he makes tools ( bi%ops1 tools ( sacram5ts1 tools ( ,confessions ( ,fai?1 & tools ( ,*ur*es & *ur* liv+s4 ,we _h j se51 previ\s to ! db ( ! ,witness1 ! ,*ur* ( ,scotl& conv]t$ by ,cons]vatism into a sort ( m9+ tool1 half lev]1 half pickaxe1 :i* x pli$ h>d1 ) an eye to ! pro/ration & ejection ( its political oppon5ts ! ,:igs1 !n 9 (fice2 & n mu* pleas$ to see ! ,*ur* :i* we lov$ & respect$ s transmut$ & s wield$1 we solemnly det]m9$ t1 s f> at lea/ z our modicum ( influ5ce ext5d$1 no tool-mak+ politician1 :atev] 8 position1 %\ld aga9 conv]t x un*all5g$ into an ignoble p>ty ut5sil4 ,) ,god's help1 we h rema9$ true to our det]m9ation2 & s assur$ are we ( be+ support$ 9 ?is matt] by ! s\nd-he>t$ ,presbyt]ian p ( ! ,free ,*ur*1 t we h no fe> :atev]1 %\ld ei!r ! ass]tors among u ( ! unimpea*able consi/5cy ( ! ,cons]vatives1 or ( ! immaculate hone/y ( ! ,:igs1 />t aga9/ u an opposition vehicle to-morr[1 t 9 less ?an a twelvemon? we w\ld run x fairly (f ! road1 & h "s little amusem5t ) x to boot1 s long z ! conte/ cont9u$4 ,! ,witness is n1 &1 z we h %[n1 _c be1 ! organ ( ! ,free ,*ur*2 b x is some?+ greatly bett]3 x is ! tru/$ repres5tative--aga9/ ,:ig1 ,tory1 ,radical1 & ,*>ti/--aga9/ ,era/ian encroa*m5t & cl]ical dom9ation--( ! ,free ,*ur* p4 ,!re lies its /r5g?1--a /r5g? :i* its political ,free ,*ur* oppon5ts are welcome to te/ :5 !y please4 ,we mu/ aga9 express our regret t ! article on ! ,duke ( ,buccleu*1 :i* has prov$ ! occasion ( s mu* rem>k1 spok5 & writt51 %\ld h ev] appe>$ 9 our columns2 & ?is1 n1 z ! ag5t ( ! ,duke ass]ts1 because x has be5 expos$1 b because ( ! unhappy unsolidity ( its facts1 & because ( t div]sion ( ! public att5tion :i* x has effect$ f cases su* z ^? ( ,canobie & ,wanlockhead1 & f su* a dea?-b$ z t ( ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,innes4 ,our read]s are already 9 possession ( our explanation1 & h se5 x fully borne out by ! incid5tal /atem5t ( ,mr4 ,p>k]4 ,we w\ld crave leave to rem9d !m t ! ,witness is n[ 9 ! n9? ye> ( its exi/5ce2 & t dur+ t "t ! ,editor /at$ _m facts1 f 8 own obs]vation1 connect$ ) ! refusal ( sites1 & o!r matt]s ( a simil> "*4 ,he saw congregations wor%ipp+ on b>e hill-sides 9 ! ,highl&s ( ,su!rl&1 & on an oozy sea-bea* on ! coa/ ( ,lo*iel2 he sail$ 9 ! ,free ,*ur* ya*t ! ,betsey1 & wor%ipp$ among ! isl&]s ( ,eigg & ( ,skye4 ,nor did he %r9k f v m9utely describ+ :at he _h witness$ on ^! occasions1 nor yet f d5\nc+ ! p]secution t _h ?ru/ out "s ( ! be/ m5 & be/ subjects ( ! c\ntry1 to wor%ip un%elt]$ amid bleak & des]t wa/es1 or on ! b>e sea-%ore4 ,& yet1 ( all ! _m facts :i* he ?us communicat$ on 8 own au?ority1 because re/+ on 8 own obs]vation1 n "o ( !m has ev] yet be5 disprov$2 nay1 sc>ce "o ( !m has ev] yet be5 s mu* z *all5g$4 ,( c\rse1 9 ref]5ce to ! /atem5ts :i* he has _h to make on ! te/imony ( o!rs1 8 position 0 necess>ily diff]5t2 & a v delicate matt] he has sometimes f\nd x to be1 to deal ) ^! /atem5ts4 ,a desire1 on ! "o h&1 to expose to ! :olesome brea?+s ( public op9ion :atev] 0 really oppressive & unju/2 a fe>1 on ! o!r1 le/ he %\ld compromise ! g5]al cause1 or injure ! "* ( 8 pap]1 by giv+ publicity to :at ei!r might n be true1 or c\ld n be prov5 to be true1--h (t5 l$ him to reta9 communications beside him = weeks & mon?s1 until "s circum/ance occurr$ t enabl$ him to det]m9e reg>d+ _! real "* & value4 ,& su*--) m1 h[ev]1 ?an ! ord9>y misgiv+s1 & ) an unfav\rable op9ion frankly & decid$ly express$--0 ! c\rse :i* he took ) ! communicat$ article on ! ,duke ( ,buccleu*4 ,t ! te/+ circum/ance :i* did occur 9 ! c\rse ( ! long p]iod dur+ :i* x 0 ?us held 9 ret5tis 0 n communicat$ to him1 or to any o!r (ficial connect$ ) ! ,witness1 he mu* regrets1 b c\ld n possibly help4 ,9 ! discussion on ! ,sites ,bill ( ,w$nesday la/1 ! ,hon\rable ,fox ,maule is made to say1 t '! ,witness conta9$ _m articles :i* _h be5 condemn$ by ! ,*ur*4' ,n[ ?is mu/ be surely a misreport1 z no?+ c\ld be m grossly incorrect ?an su* a /atem5t4 ,! voice ( ! ,free ,*ur*--t by :i* %e condemns or approves--c be emitt$ ?r\gh b h] delib]ative c\rts1 & record$ 9 b ! decisions ( h] solemn ,assemblies4 ,on ! m]its or dem]its ( ! ,witness1 ?r\gh ^! h] only legitimate organs1 %e has n yet spok52 & ,mr4 ,maule is1 we are sure1 by f> too intellig5t a ,*ur*man to mi/ake ! voice ( a m]e political cot]ie1 irritat$ mayhap by ! loss ( an election1 = ! solemn deliv]ance ( a ,*ur* ( ,*ri/4 ,) respect to 8 report$ /atem5t1 to ! effect t ! ,witness 'conta9$ _m articles :i* _h done great h>m to ! ,free ,*ur*1' ! report may1 we ?9k1 be q correct4 ,! ,witness conta9$ a good _m articles on ! special occasion :5 ! ,free ,*ur*m5 ( ,ed9burgh conspir$--'ungratefully & di%on\rably1' z ,mr4 ,maule mu/ h deem$ x--to eject a ,:ig ,m9i/]1 & to place 9 8 seat1 z _! repres5tative1 a %rewd citiz5 & hone/ man4 ,& ^! lucubrations accompli%$1 we d>esay1 _! modicum ( h>m4 ,) reg>d1 h[ev]1 to ! articles ( ! ,witness 9 g5]al1 we ?9k we c confid5tly appeal 9 _! behalf to su* ( our read]s z p]us$ !m1 n z !y 7 g>bl$1 misquot$1 int]polat$1 & mis-repres5t$ by unscrupul\s enemies1 b z !y 7 fir/ giv5 to ! public f ! p5 ( ! ,editor4 ,among ^! read]s we reckon m5 ( all classes1 f ! pe] to ! peasant--,cons]vative l&[n]s1 magi/rates1 m]*ants1 m9i/]s ( ! gospel4 ,dr4 ,*alm]s 0 a read] ( ! ,witness f its fir/ comm5cem5t to 8 dea?2 & he1 p]us+ its editorial articles z !y 7 orig9ally writt5--n z !y 7 g>bl$ or int]polat$ 9 o!r pr9ts--saw 9 !m v little to blame4 ,n b t "s ( our s5t5ces look suffici5tly =midable 9 extracts :5 twi/$ f _! orig9al mean+2 & ?is1 j z ! ,decalogue itself might be in/anc$ z a code ( lic5ti\sness1 viol5ce1 & immorality1 7 x to be exhibit$ 9 g>bl$ quotations1 dive/$ ( all ! nots4 ,9 ! ,ed9burgh ,adv]tis] ( ye/]day1 = in/ance1 we f9d ! foll[+ passage3--',x ,! ,witness has m5ac$ our nobles ) ! horrors ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 :5 ! guillot9e pli$ its nightly task1 & :5 ! bloody he>ts ( ari/ocrats dangl$ on button-holes 9 ! /reets ( ,p>is4 ,x has rem9d$ !m ( ! "t :5 a grey discr[n$ head s\nd$ holl[ on ! scaffold at ,:itehall2 ins9uat+ t1 if !y p]si/$ 9 oppos+ ! claims ( ! ,free ,*ur*1 a l fate might ov]take ! reign+ dyna/y ( our "t4' ,:51 asks ! read]1 did ^! mo/ atroci\s ?reats appe> 9 ! ,witness8 ,!y nev]1 we reply1 appe>$ 9 ! ,witness z ?reats at all4 ,! "o passage1 almo/ 9 ! language ( ,*ateaubri&1 0 employ$ 9 an article 9 :i* we ju/ifi$ ! s5t5ce pron\nc$ on ! a!i/ ,patt]son4 ,! o!r =m$ "p ( a purely hi/oric ref]5ce--9 an article on ,puseyism1 writt5 ere ! ,free ,*ur* _h any exi/5ce--to ! ,cant]burianism ( ! times ( ,*>les ,i41 & ! fate ( t unhappy mon>*4 ,we ?\ght n ( ?reat5+ ! ari/ocracy :5 quot+ ! "o passage1 nor yet ( =ebod+ evil to ! exi/+ dyna/y :5 writ+ ! o!r4 ,on exactly ! same pr9ciple on :i* ^! passages h be5 in/anc$ to our disadvantage1 ! description ( ! ,holopty*ius ,nobilissimus1 :i* appe>$ a few ye>s ago 9 ! ,witness1 might be p>ad$ z a p]sonal attack on ,sir ,james ,graham2 & ! rem>ks on ! con/ruction ( ! ,pt]i*?ys1 z a gross libel on ! ,duke ( ,buccleu*4 ,x is1 we hold1 n a little to ! cr$it ( ! ,witness1 t1 9 ord] to black5 its "*1 means %\ld be resort$ to ( a "* s disreputable & di%one/4 ,f tru? & fair /atem5t x has all to hope1 & no?+ to fe>4 ,june #ad1 #ahdh4 ,,baillie',s ,,lett]s ,,& ,,j\rnals4 ,?is is at once ! h&some/ & "o ( ! be/ editions ( ! curi\s & v int]e/+ class ( works to :i* x belongs1 t has yet be5 giv5 to ! public4 ,x is sc>ce possible to appreciate too highly ! tact1 judgm5t1 & rese>* display$ by ! editor2 & r>ely inde$1 s f> z ext]nals are conc]n$1 has ! typography ( ,scotl& appe>$ to bett] advantage4 ,x is a book deck$ out = ! draw+-room 9 a suit ( ! newe/ patt]n1--a tall1 modi%1 well-built book1 t has to be fairly set a-talk+ ere we discov] f its tongue & /yle t x is a production n ( our own times1 b ( ! times ( ,*>les & ! ,commonweal?4 ,! good1 simple m9i/] ( ,kilw9n+ w\ld fail to recognise himself 9 its fair op5 pages1 t m ?an rival ^? ( 8 old ,elzevirs4 ,= 8 old-fa%ion$ suit ( home-spun grey1 we f9d him sport+ "h a mod]n dress-coat ( ,saxony broadclo?1 & a pair ( unexceptionable ca%m]e tr\s]s2 & x is n until we /ep =w>d & address ! wor?y man1 & he turns ^u u 8 broad1 hone/ face1 t we see ! grizzl$ m\/a*e & peak$ be>d1 & discov] t 8 fe>s are /ill actively engag$ reg>d+ ! prelatic lean+s ( ,*>les ,,ii41 'n[ at ,br$a2' ?\gh p]*ance n q )\t hope t ! c\nsel ( ! 'wise & godly y\?' ,james ,%>pe may h ! effect ( sett+ all "r aga9 9 ! royal m9d4 ,we address :at we take1 f ! g>b1 to be a contempor>y1 & f9d t we h /umbl$ on "o ( ! sev5 sleep]s4 ,we deem x no slight advantage to ! read+ public ( ! pres5t day1 t x %\ld h works ( ?is "* made s easy ( access4 ,x is only a v few ye>s s9ce ! /ud5t ( ,scotti% ecclesia/ical hi/ory c\ld n h acqua9t$ himself ) ! mat]ials on :i* ! hi/orian c alone build1 )\t pass+ ?r\gh a c\rse ( /udy at lea/ z prolong$ z an ord9>y college c\rse1 & mu* m labori\s4 ,let u suppose t he liv$ 9 "s ( ! prov9ces4 ,he w\ld h1 9 ! fir/ place1 to come & reside 9 ,ed9burgh1 & get introduc$1 at no slight exp5se ( tr\ble1 mayhap1 to ! br[n1 half-defac$ manuscripts ( our public libr>ies4 ,he w\ld require next to /udy ! old h&1 ) all its baffl+ contractions4 ,if he succe$$ 9 ma/]+ ! difficulties ( ,melville's ,di>y aft] a qu>t] ( a ye>'s h>d conn+1 he might well consid] himself a lucky man4 ,r['s ,hi/ory w\ld occupy him dur+ at lea/ ano!r qu>t]2 ,baillie's ,lett]s & ,j\rnals w\ld prove "w en\gh = two qu>t]s m4 ,if he succe$$ 9 gett+ access to ! pap]s ( ,woodr[1 he w\ld f9d little less ?an a twelvemon?'s h>d lab\r be=e him2 ,cald]wood's l>ge ,hi/ory w\ld furni% employm5t = at lea/ half t "t2 & if curi\s to p]use x 9 its be/ & fulle/ =m1 he w\ld f9d x necess>y to quit ,ed9burgh = ,london1 to pore !re ov] ! l>ge manuscript copy /or$ up 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4 ,z he proce$$ 9 8 c\rse1 he w\ld be cont9ually puzzl$ by ref]5ces1 allusions1 initials2 he w\ld h to consult regi/] (fices1 records ( baptisms & dea?s1 session books1 old & sc>ce works1 h>dly less difficult to be procur$ ?an ev5 ! manuscripts !mselves2 & if he at l5g? escap$ ! fate ( ! luckless antiqu>y1 :o produc$ ! fam\s hi/ory ( ! village ( ,:eatfield1 he might deem himself m ?an ord9>ily =tunate4 ',:5 ,i fir/ engag$ 9 ?is "w1' said ! poor man1 ',i _h eyes ( my own2 b n[ ,i _c see ev5 ) ! assi/ance ( art3 ,i h gone f spectacles ( ! fir/ sight to spectacles ( ! ?ird2 ! ,*evali] ,taylor gives my eyes ov]1 & my optician writes me ^w he c gr9d no high] = me4' ,x w soon be no su* ,h]culean task to p5etrate to ! f\ndations ( our national ecclesia/ical hi/ory4 ,f publications su* z ^? ( ! ,woodr[ ,club1 & ( ! ,lett]s & ,j\rnals1 ! /ud5t w be able to acquire 9 a few weeks :at w\ld h o!rwise co/ him ! pa9ful lab\r ( ye>s4 ,nor c we po9t out a m in/ructive c\rse ( read+4 ,9 runn+ ov] our mod]n hi/ories1 h[ev] able1 we almo/ always f9d our po9t ( view fix$ d[n by ! hi/orian to ! po9t occupi$ by himself4 ,we _c take up ano!r on our own behalf1 unless we diff] f him altoge!r1 nor select = ourselves ! v>i\s subjects :i* we are to survey4 ,we are 9 lead+-/r+s = ! "t3 ! vig\r ( our au?or's ?9k+ militates aga9/ ! ex]cise ( our own2 8 philosophy ent]s our m9ds 9 a too p]fect =m1 & lies in]t !re1 j z ! cond5s$ extract ( "s n\ri%+ food (t5 fails to n\ri% at all1 because x gives no employm5t to ! dige/ive faculty4 ,a survey ( ! hi/orian's mat]ials has (t51 on ! contr>y1 ! effect ( sett+ ! m9d free4 ,we see ! ev5ts ( ! times :i* he describes 9 _! own light1 & simply z ev5ts1--we select & arrange = ourselves1--!y call up novel traits ( "*1--!y lead u to draw on our exp]i5ce ( m51--!y confirm pr9ciples1--!y sugge/ reflections4 ,"s ( our read]s w p]haps rememb] t we notic$ at consid]able l5g? ! two fir/ volumes ( ?is beautiful edition ( ,baillie r m ?an a twelvemon? ago4 ,! ?ird & conclud+ volume has b lately appe>$4 ,x embraces a s+ul>ly important p]iod1--ext5d+ f %ortly be=e ! rise ( ! unhappy & ultimately fatal qu>rel betwe5 ! ,resolution]s & ,prote/]s1 till ! re-e/abli%m5t ( ,episcopacy at ! ,re/oration1 :5 ! curta9 closes sudd5ly ov] ! poor *ronicl]1 evid5tly s9k+ into ! grave at ! "t1 ! victim ( a brok5 he>t4 ,he sees a /ormy night settl+ d>k ov] ! ,*ur*1--,presbyt]y pull$ d[n1 ! bi%ops set up1 p]secution already comm5c$2 &1 long+ to be releas$ f 8 tr\bles1 he affect+ly assures 8 correspond5t1 9 ! la/ ( 8 _m lett]s1 t 'x 0 ! matt] ( 8 daily grief t _h br\ght 8 bodily tr\ble ^u him1' & t x w\ld be 'a fav\r to him to be gone4' ,f a v le>n$1 concise1 & well-writt5 ,life1 ! production ( ! accompli%$ editor1 :i* s]ves z a clue to guide ! read] ?r\gh ! mazes ( ! correspond5ce1 we le>n t he di$ ?ree mon?s aft]4 ,:]e !re is s mu* t is int]e/+1 "o f9ds x difficult to select4 ,! light 9 :i* ! infam\s ,%>pe is pres5t$ 9 ?is volume is at lea/ curi\s4 ,prelacy1 c>eful ( ! reputation ( h] ar*bi%ops1 makes a great deal inde$ ( ! bloody dea? ( ! man1 b says z little z possible reg>d+ 8 life & "*4 ,! s5tim5tal ,jacobitism ( ! pres5t day--an imag9ative pr9ciple t fe$s on novels1 & admires ! p]secutors because ,clav]h\se 0 brave & _h an elegant upp] lip--goes a little fur!r1 & speaks ( him z ! v5]able ,ar*bi%op4 ,:5 ! fam\s picture ( 8 assass9ation 0 exhibit+ 9 ,ed9burgh1 "s t5 or twelve ye>s ago1 he rose ) ! class almo/ to ! dignity ( a m>tyr3 !re 7 "y ladies t c\ld sc>ce look at ! piece )\t us+ _! h&k]*iefs2 ! victim 0 old1 greyhair$1 rev]5d1 an ar*bi%op1 & em95tly sa9tly1 z a matt] ( c\rse1 :atev] ! b>b>\s fanatics might say2 & all t 8 figure seem$ to want 9 ord] to make x complete1 0 j a halo ( yell[ o*re r\nd ! head4 ,9 ,baillie's ,lett]s we see him exhibit$1 ?\gh all unwitt+ly on ! "p ( ! writ]1 9 8 true "*1 & f9d t ! yell[ o*re w\ld be consid]ably out ( place4 ,r>ely1 inde$1 does nature1 all lo/ & fall5 z x is1 produce s consummate a sc\ndrel4 ,trea*]y seems to h exi/$ z s uncontrollable an in/9ct 9 ! man1 t1 l ! appropriat+ faculty ( ! ?ief1 :o amus$ himself by pick+ ! pocket ( ! cl]gyman :o conduct$ him to ! scaffold1 x seems to h be5 incapable ( ly+ /ill4 ,he appe>s nev] to h _h a fri5d :o did n le>n to dete/ & d5\nce him3 8 ,presbyt]ian fri5ds1 :om he deceiv$ & betray$1 did s 9 ! fir/ in/ance2 8 ,episcopalian fri5ds1 :om he at lea/ /rove to deceive & betray1 did s 9 ! second4 ,we are assur$ by ,burnet1 t ev5 ,*>les1 a mon>* c]ta9ly n ov]-nice 9 ! moral s5se1 decl>$ ,james ,%>pe to be "o ( ! wor/ ( m54 ,8 life 0 a cont9u\s lie2 & he has left m pro(s ( ! fact 9 ! =m ( lett]s "u 8 own h&1 ?an p]haps any o!r bad man t ev] liv$4 ,9 ,baillie he makes 8 fir/ appe>ance z ! ,presbyt]ian m9i/] ( ,crail1 & z "o ( ! hone/ *ronicl]'s greate/ fav\rites4 ,! unhappy disputes betwe5 ! ,resolution]s & ,prote/]s 7 runn+ high at ! "t4 ,baillie 0 a ,resolution]1 ,%>pe a zeal\s ,resolution] too2 & ,baillie1 naturally unsuspici\s1 & biass$ 9 8 behalf by t _s ( p>ty :i* c d>k5 ! judgm5t ( ev5 ! mo/ disc]n+1 seems to h reg>d$ him z peculi>ly ! hope ( ! ,*ur*4 ,he 0 indisputably "o ( its mo/ dext]\s negotiators2 & no man ( ! age made a high] pr(ession ( religion4 ,burnet1 :o knew him well 9 8 aft] "* z ,ar*bi%op ( ,/4 ,&rews1 tells u t nev]1 save on "o solit>y occasion1 did he he> him make ! slighte/ allusion to religion4 ,b 9 8 lett]s to ,baillie1 almo/ e p>agraph closes ) ! aspirations ( a well-simulat$ devotion4 ,!y seem z if /rew$ ov] ) ! fragm5ts ( brok5 doxologies4 ,! old man 01 z we h said1 ?or\ghly deceiv$4 ,he assures 8 cont95tal correspond5t1 ,spang1 t '! great in/rum5t ( ,god to cross ! evil designs ( ! ,prote/]s1 0 t v wor?y1 pi\s1 wise1 & dilig5t "y man1 ,mr4 ,james ,%>pe4' ,9 "s ( 8 aft] epi/les we le>n t he rememb]$ him 9 8 pray]s1 no d\bt v s9c]ely1 z1 "u ,god1 "o ( ! ma9/ays ( ! ,*ur*4 ,:at fir/ /rikes ! read] 9 ! "* ( ,%>pe1 z "h exhibit$1 is 8 exclusively diplomatic ca/ ( tal5t4 ,baillie himself 0 a controv]siali/3 he wrote books to influ5ce op9ion1 & deliv]$ argum5tative spee*es4 ,he 0 a man ( bus9ess too3 he drew up remon/rances1 petitions1 prote/s1 & c>ri$ on ! w> ( 8 p>ty above-bo>d4 ,all 8 bett] fri5ds & correspond5ts1 su* z ,d\glas & ,dickson1 7 p]sons ( a resembl+ ca/4 ,b ,%>pe's vocation lay 9 deal+ ) m5 9 closets & w9d[ recesses3 he c\ld d no?+ until he _h procur$ ! private e> ( ! individual on :om he wi%$ to act4 ,is he desir\s to influ5ce ! decisions ( ! ,supreme ,civil ,c\rt 9 behalf ( 8 p>ty8 ,he /raightway +ratiates himself ) ,presid5t ,broghill1 & ! c\rt becomes m fav\rable 9 consequ5ce4 ,is he wi%ful to propitiate ! ,engli% ,gov]nm5t8 ,he goes up to ,london1 gets closet$ ) its m influ5tial memb]s4 ,x 0 ?is peculi> tal5t t po9t$ him out to ! ,*ur* z s fit a p]son to treat ) ,*>les at ,br$a4 ,& x is :5 employ$ 9 ?is mission t we beg9 truly to see ! man1 & to discov] ! sort ( ability on :i* ! success ( 8 closet+s dep5d$4 ,we f9d ,baillie hold+1 9 8 simplicity1 t 9 ord] to draw ! he>t ( ! ,k+ f ,episcopacy1 no?+ m c\ld be necess>y ?an j fairly to submit to him "s s\nd controv]sial "w1 arrang$ on ! plan ( ! good man's own ,lad5sium2 & urg+ on ,%>pe1 t a few able div9es %\ld be employ$ 9 gett+ up a compilation = ! express purpose4 ,%>pe writes 9 return1 9 a /yle suffici5tly quiet1 t ,8 ,maje/y1 9 8 v fir/ address1 'has be5 pleas$ to ask v graci\sly ab\t ,rob]t ,baillie1' a p]son = :om he has a p>ticul> k9dness1 & :om1 if fav\rs 7 deal+1 he w\ld be sure n to =get4 ,he adds1 fur!r1 t h[ev] matt]s might turn out 9 ,engl&1 ! ,presbyt]ian ,e/abli%m5t ( ,scotl& 0 9 no dang] ( violation2 & le/ 8 ,scot* fri5ds %\ld fall into ! error ( ?9k+ too mu* ab\t o!r m5's bus9ess1 he gives f]v5t expression to ! hope 't ! ,"l w\ld give !m to prize _! own m]cies1 & "k _! own duties4' ,ev5 a twelvemon? aft]1 :5 on ! eve ( sett+ out = ,london to be creat$ a bi%op1 he writes 8 old fri5d1 t :atev] 'occasion ( jeal\sies & false surmises 8 j\rney might give1' ( "o ?+ he might be assur$1 'x 0 n 9 ord] to a *ange 9 ! ,*ur*1' z he 'w\ld conv9ce 8 de> fri5d ,mr4 ,baillie1 ?r\gh ! ,"l's help1 :5 ! ,"l w\ld return him4' ,he has an "u-plot ( trea*]y c>ry+ on at ! same "t1 t affects 8 'de> fri5d' p]sonally4 ,9 "o ( 8 lett]s to ! unsuspect+ *ronicl]1 he assures him t he 0 'do+ 8 be/1 by ! ,"l's help1' to get him appo9t$ ,pr9cipal ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,glasg[4 ,9 "o ( 8 lett]s to ,laud]dale1 aft] /at+ t ! (fice1 '9 ! op9ion ( _m1' w\ld require a man '( m acrimony & weight' ?an 'hone/ ,baillie1' he urges t ! pres5tation %\ld be s5t him1 ) a blank space1 9 :i* ! "n ( ! pres5tee might be aft]w>ds ins]t$4 ,baillie1 naturally sl[ to suspect1 does n come fully to und]/& ! "* ( ! man until a v few mon?s be=e 8 dea?4 ,he !n compla9s bitt]ly to 8 cont95tal correspond5t1 amid ! ru9 ( ! ,*ur*1 & f ! gloom ( 8 sick-*amb]1 t ,%>pe 0 ! traitor :o1 'piece by piece1 _h s cunn+ly trepann$ !m1 t ! cause _h be5 suff]$ to s9k )\t ev5 a /ruggle4' ,! apo/ate _h ga9$ 8 object1 h[ev]1 & become ',8 ,grace ! ,"l ,primate4' ,!re 7 great rejoic+s4 ',! new bi%ops 7 magnificklie receiv$2' !y 7 fea/$ by ! ,"l ,commission]'s lady on "o night1 by ! ,*ancellor on ano!r2 & 9 especial1 '! ,ar*bi%op _h b\ght a new coa* at ,london1 at ! sides :]e( two lakqueys 9 purple did run4' ,! vanity ( ,%>pe is well br\ght out on ano!r occasion by ,burnet4 ,! ma9 object ( "o ( 8 j\rneys to ,london1 und]tak5 a little m ?an a twelvemon? aft] ! dea? ( ,baillie1 0 to urge on ! ,k+ t1 z ,primate ( ,scotl&1 he %\ld ( "r take prec$5ce ( ! ,scotti% ,"l ,*ancellor1 & to crave ,8 ,maje/y's lett] to t effect4 ,9 ?is trait1 z 9 sev]al o!rs1 he seems to h resembl$ ,robespi]re4 ,8 cruelty to 8 old fri5ds ! ,presbyt]ians is well illu/rat$ by ! fact t he c\ld make ! comp>ative l5i5cy ( ,laud]dale1 apo/ate & p]secutor z ,laud]dale 01 ! subject ( an accusation aga9/ him to ,*>les4 ,b !re is no lack ( /ill direct] in/ances 9 ! biographies ( ! wor?ies :om 8 malice pursu$4 ,8 meanness1 too1 seems to h be5 equal to 8 malice & pride4 ,:5 ,laud]dale on "o occasion turn$ fi]cely ^u him1 & ?reat5$ to impea* him = leas+-mak+1 he '/raightway fell a-trembl+ & weep+1' &1 to avoid ! dang]1 submitt$ to appe> 9 ! royal pres5ce2 & !re1 9 ! co>se/ t]ms1 to confess himself a li>4 ,x is a bi%op :o tells ! /ory1 & x is only "o ( a s]ies4 ,truly ! ,primate ( all ,scotl& 0 =tunate 9 ! dea? he di$4 ',! dismal end ( ?is unhappy man1' says ,burnet1 '/ruck all p ) horror1 & s(t5$ 8 enemies into "s t5d]ness2 s t 8 memory 0 treat$ ) dec5cy by ^? :o _h v little respect = him dur+ 8 life4' ,9 almo/ e page 9 ?is in/ructive volume ! read] picks up pieces ( curi\s in=mation1 or f9ds matt]s sugge/ive ( int]e/+ ?\ght4 ,!re />t up ev] & anon valuable h9ts t g]m9ate & be> fruit 9 ! m9d4 ,we w\ld in/ance1 by way ( illu/ration1 a h9t :i* occurs 9 a lett] to ,laud]dale1 writt5 %ortly aft] ! ,re/oration1 & :i*1 ?\gh app>5tly slight1 leads legitimately into a n unimportant tra9 ( ?9k+4 ,scot*m5 are mu* 9 ! habit ( ref]r+ to ! political maxim t ! k+ c d no wrong1 z a fundam5tal pr9ciple ( ! con/itution1 :i* conc]ns !m z directly z x does _! neighb\rs ! ,engli%4 ,dr4 ,*alm]s allud$ to x no lat] ?an la/ week1 9 8 admirable spee* 9 ! ,commission4 ,! old maxim1 t ! k+ c\ld d no wrong1 he said1 _h n[1 x w\ld seem1 desc5d$ f ! ?rone to ! level ( c\rts co-ord9ate ) ! ,*ur*4 ,w\ld x n be a some:at curi\s matt] to f9d t ?is doctr9e is "o :i* has 9 reality n ent]$ ,scotl& at all8 ,x /&s 9 ,engl&1 a gu>dian 9 front ( ! ?rone1 transf]r+ e bl[ :i* w\ld o!rwise fall on ! sov]eign himself1 to ! sov]eign's m9i/]s3 x is m9i/]s1 n sov]eigns1 :o are responsible to ! p ( ,engl&4 ,b x w\ld at lea/ seem1 t ) reg>d to ! p ( ,scotl& ! responsibility ext5ds fur!r4 ,at lea/ ! ,engli% doctr9e 0 reg>d$ z exclusively an ,engli% "o 9 ! days ( ,baillie1 ne>ly half a c5tury prior to ! ,union1 & m ?an a :ole c5tury ahead ( ^? times 9 :i* ! influ5ce ( t ev5t began to h ! effect ( mix+ up 9 m5's m9ds matt]s peculi> to ,engl& ) matt]s common to ,brita94 ,we f9d ,baillie1 9 8 lett] writt5 imm$iately aft] ! pass+ ( ! ,act ,recissory1 pron\nc+ ! doctr9e t ! 'k+ c d no fault1' z 9 8 judgm5t 'good & wise1' b ref]r+ to x at ! same "t z a doctr9e1 n ( ! ,scotti% ,con/itution1 b ( ! ',/ate ( ,engl&4' ,! circum/ance is ( importance *iefly f ! light :i* x s]ves to ca/ on an int]e/+ passage 9 ,scotti% hi/ory4 ,! fam\s decl>ation ( our ,scot* ,conv5tion at ! ,revolution1 t ,james ,,vii4 _h =feit$ ! ?rone1 z contra/$ ) ! s+ul>ly inadequate ?\gh virtually correspond+ decl>ation ( ! ,engli% ,conv5tion1 t ,james ,,ii4 '_h abdicat$ ! gov]nm5t1 & t ! ?rone 0 !reby vacant1' has be5 (t5 rem>k$ by ! hi/orians4 ,hume indirectly acc\nts = ! employm5t ( ! /rong] ^w1 by prom95tly /at+ t ! m zeal\s among ! ,scot* ,royali/s1 reg>d+ ! assembly z illegal1 _h =borne to appe> at elections1 & t ! antagoni/ p>ty comm&$ a prepond]at+ majority 9 consequ5ce2 :]eas 9 ,engl& ! ,tories mu/]$ /rong1 & _h to be conciliat$ by ! employm5t ( s(t] language4 ,malcolm ,la+1 9 notic+ ! fact1 cont5ts himself by simply contra/+ ! indignation on ! "p ( ! ,scot*1 :i* _h be5 ar\s$ by _! rec5t suff]+s1 ) ! quiet] temp] ( ! ,engli%1 :o _h be5 less tri$ by ! pressure ( actual p]secution1 & :o 7 anxi\s to imp>t to ,revolution at lea/ ! col\r ( legitimate succession4 ,& ,sir ,james ,mack9to%1 9 8 ,v9dici ,gallic1 cont5ts himself ) simply rem>k+ t ! 'absurd debates 9 ! ,engli% ,conv5tion 7 bett] cut %ort by ! ,p>liam5t ( ,scotl&1 :5 !y us$ ! correct & manly expression t ,james ,,vii4 _h =feit$ ! ?rone4' ,we are ( op9ion t ! v diff]5t /yles ( ! two ,conv5tions may be acc\nt$ = on ! gr\nd t1 9 ! "o k+dom1 ! mon>*1 accord+ to ! g5ius ( ! con/itution1 0 reg>d$ z incapable ( committ+ wrong2 :]eas1 9 ! o!r1 he 0 no less con/itutionally reg>d$ z equally peccable ) any ( 8 subjects4 ,a peccable mon>* may =feit 8 ?rone2 an impeccable "o c only abdicate x4 ,! argum5t mu/ ( c\rse dep5d on ! s\ndness ( ,baillie's /atem5t4 ,0 ! doctr9e t ! k+ c d no wrong a ,scotti% doctr9e at ! "t ( ! ,revolution1 or 0 x n8 ,x 0 at lea/ n a ,scotti% "o 9 ! days ( ,bu*anan1--nor = a c5tury aft]1 z we may le>n v conclusively1 n f ,bu*anan himself1 nor 8 foll[]s--= ! political doctr9es ( a s*ool ( writ]s may be mu* at v>iance ) ^? ( _! c\ntry--b f ! _m ,scotti% controv]siali/s on ! antagoni/ side1 :o ent]$ ! li/s aga9/ bo? ! ma/] & 8 disciples4 ,bu*anan ma9ta9$1 9 8 philosophical treatise1 ,de ,jure ,regni apud ,scotos1 t !re are conditions by :i* ! ,k+ ( ,scotl& is b\nd to 8 p1 on ! fulfilm5t ( :i* ! allegiance ( ! p dep5ds1 & t 'x is lawful to depose1 & ev5 to puni% tyrants4' ,knox1 ) ! o!r wor?ies ( ! fir/ ,re=mation1 held exactly ! same doctr9e4 ,! ,lex ,rex ( ,ru!r=d te/ifies significantly to ! fact t among ! wor?ies ( ! second ,re=mation x 0 n suff]$ to become obsolete4 ,x takes a prom95t place 9 writ+s ( ! lat] ,cov5ant]s1 su* z ! ,h9d let ,loose2 & at ! ,revolution x receiv$ ! practical concurr5ce ( ! ,national ,conv5tion1 & ( ! c\ntry g5]ally4 ,n[ ! doctr9e1 be x rememb]$1 0 an (t5 disput$ "o4 ,bu*anan's little "w 0 ! v butt ( controv]sy = consid]ably m ?an an hundr$ ye>s4 ,x 0 prohibit$ by ,p>liam5t1 d5\nc$ by mon>*s1 condemn$ to ! flames by univ]sities2 great lawy]s wrote treatises aga9/ x at home1 & "s ( ! mo/ celebrat$ s*ol>s ( cont95tal ,europe took ! field aga9/ x abroad4 ,we le>n f ,dr4 ,irv+1 9 8 ,classical ,biography1 t x 0 assail$ among our own c\ntrym5 by ,blackwood1 ,w9zet1 ,b>clay1 ,sir ,?omas ,craig1 ,sir ,john ,wemyss1 ,sir ,lewis ,/ew>t1 ,sir ,james ,turn]1 & la/1 n lea/1 among ! writ]s :o prec$$ ! ,revolution1 by ! meanly obsequi\s & bloody ,sir ,george ,mack5zie4 ,& h[ did ^! ,scot*m5 meet ) ! gr& doctr9e :i* x embodi$8 ,! 'old maxime ( ! /ate ( ,engl&1' _h x ext5d$ to ! si/] k+dom1 w\ld h at once furni%$ ! mat]ials ( reply4 ,if con/itutionally ! ,k+ ( ,scotl& c\ld d no wrong1 !n con/itutionally ! ,k+ ( ,scotl& c\ld n be depos$4 ,b ( an entirely diff]5t complexion 0 ! argum5t ( :i* ! ,scotti% assailants ( ,bu*anan avail$ !mselves4 ,x 0 an argum5t subv]sive to ! ,engli% maxim4 ,admitt+ fully t ! k+ c\ld d wrong1 !y ma9ta9$ m]ely t1 = :atev] wrong he did1 he 0 responsible1 n to 8 subjects1 b to ,god only4 ,:atev] ! am\nt ( wrong he committ$1 x 0 ! duty ( 8 subjects1 !y said1 passively to submit to x4 ,on came ! ,revolution4 ,9 ,engl&1 9 p]fect agreem5t ) ! doctr9e ( ! k+'s impeccability--9 p]fect agreem5t1 at lea/1 s f> z words 7 conc]n$--x 0 decl>$ t ,james _h abdicat$ ! gov]nm5t1 & t ! ?rone 0 !reby vacant2 & c]ta9ly x _c be alleg$ by ev5 ! sev]e/ morali/1 t 9 ei!r abdicat+ a gov]nm5t or vacat+ a ?rone1 !re is ! slighte/ %ad[ ( moral evil involv$4 ,9 ,scotl& ! decision 0 diff]5t4 ,! battle f\ght 9 ! ,conv5tion 0 exactly t :i* _h be5 previ\sly f\ght betwe5 ,bu*anan & 8 antagoni/s4 ',pat]son1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,glasg[1 & ,sir ,george ,mack5zie1 ass]t$1' says ,malcolm ,la+1 '! doctr9e ( div9e "r1 or ma9ta9$1 ) m plausibility1 t e illegal measure ( ,james's gov]nm5t 0 v9dicat$ by ! decl>ation ( ! late ,p>liam5t1 t he 0 an absolute mon>*1 entitl$ to unres]v$ ob$i5ce1 ,,& ,,acc\ntable ,,to ,,none2 :ile ,sir ,james ,montgom]y & ,sir ,john ,dalrymple1 :o conduct$ ! debate on ! o!r side1 av]r$ t ! ,p>liam5t 0 nei!r compet5t to grant1 nor ! k+ to acquire1 an absolute p[]1 irreconcilable ) ! ,,reciprocal ,,obligations ,,due ,,to ,,! ,,p4' ,! doctr9es ( ,bu*anan prevail$2 & ! e/ates decl>$ t ,james ,,vii4 hav+1 ?r\gh '! advice ( evil & wick$ c\ncillors1 invad$ ! fundam5tal con/itution ( ! k+dom1 & alt]$ x f a legal limit$ mon>*y to an arbitr>y despotic p[]1' he _h !reby =fault$ 8 "r to ! cr[n4' ,! t]ms ( ! decl>ation demon/rate t ,baillie 0 q 9 ! "r reg>d+ ! 'old maxime1 t ! k+ c d no fault1' z exclusively a 'maxime ( ! ,/ate ( ,engl&4' ,by act+ on ! advice ( 'evil & wick$ c\ncillors1' x 0 decl>$ t a peccable k+ _h =feit$ ! ?rone4 ,! fact t !re 7 c\ncillors 9 ! case did n s mu* ev5 z ext5uate ! (f5ce3 x 0 ! advis]s ( ! ,k+ :o !n1 z n[1 7 acc\ntable to ! ,k+'s ,engli% subjects = ! advice !y gave2 x 0 ! ,k+ 9 p]son :o 0 acc\ntable to 8 ,scotti% subjects = ! advice he took4 ,?is pr9ciple1 hi!rto little adv]t$ to1 ?r[s1 z we h said1 mu* light on ! hi/ory ( ! ,revolution 9 ,scotl&4 ,,fir/ ,,pr9ciples4 ,!re is a passage 9 ! ,life ( ,sir ,mat!w ,hale :i* has /ruck u z n only int]e/+ 9 itself1 f ! bread? & rectitude ( judgm5t :i* x discloses1 b also f ! v direct be>+ ( ! pr9ciple involv$ 9 x on "s ( ! rec5t int]dicts ( ! ,supreme ,civil ,c\rt4 ,x s]ves to ?r[ a k9d ( hi/oric light1 if we may s speak1 on ! judicial tal5t ( our c\ntry 9 ! pres5t age z exhibit$ by ! majority ( our judges ( ! ,c\rt ( ,session--su* a light z ! ecclesia/ical hi/orian ( a c5tury h5ce w be dispos$ to survey x 91 :5 coolly ex]cis+ 8 judgm5t on ! pres5t ev5tful /ruggle4 ,"o ( n ! lea/ prom95t nor lea/ rem>kable features ( ! ,rebellion ( #agde1 says a %rewd *ronicl] ( ?is curi\s portion ( our hi/ory1 0 an utt] de/itution ( milit>y tal5t among ! g5]al (fic]s ( ! ,briti% army4 ,& ! "t is 9 all probability n v di/ant1 9 :i* ! extreme lack ( judicial g5ius betray$ by our c\rts ( law 9 _! pres5t collision ) ! c\rts ecclesia/ical1 %all be reg>d$1 9 l mann]1 z "o ( ! m /rik+ *>act]i/ics ( ! ,rebellion ( ! pres5t day4 ,sir ,mat!w ,hale1 z mo/ ( our read]s mu/ be aw>e1 0 a devot$ ,royali/4 ,he 0 ris+ 9 em95ce z a b>ri/] at ! "t ! ,civil ,w>s broke out1 & dur+ t tr\blesome p]iod he 0 employ$ z c\nsel = almo/ all ! m em95t m5 ( ! ,k+'s p>ty :o 7 impea*$ by ! ,p>liam5t4 ,he 0 c\nsel = ! ,e>l ( ,/raf=d1 = ,ar*bi%op ,laud1 = ! ,duke ( ,hamilton1 = ! ,e>l ( ,holl&1 & = ,lords ,capel & ,crav52 & 9 e in/ance he exhibit$ c\rage ! mo/ un%r9k+ & devot$1 & abilities ( ! highe/ ord]4 ,:5 ?reat5$ 9 op5 c\rt on "o occasion by ! ,attorney-,g5]al1 he repli$ t ! ?reat might be sp>$3 he 0 plead+ 9 def5ce ( ^? laws :i* ! ,gov]nm5t _h decl>$ x w\ld ma9ta9 & pres]ve1 & no fe> ( p]sonal consequ5ces %\ld det] him 9 su* circum/ances f do+ 8 duty to 8 cli5t4 ,:5 ,*>les himself 0 br\ght to 8 trial1 ,sir ,mat!w came volunt>ily =w>d1 & (f]$ to plead = him also2 b z ! ,k+ decl9$ recognis+ ! compet5cy ( 8 judges1 ! (f] 0 ( c\rse reject$4 ,we all "k h[ ,male%]bes f>$ = act+ a simil> "p 9 ,france4 ,! c\nsel ( ,l\is ,,xvi4 clos$ 8 hon\rable c>e] on ! scaffold n long aft] 8 un=tunate ma/]3 8 g5]\s advocacy ( ! devot$ mon>* co/ him 8 life4 ,b ,cromwell1 t 'lea/ flagiti\s ( all usurp]s1' accord+ to ev5 ,cl>5don's e/imate1 0 no ,robespi]re2 & 7 we call$ on to illu/rate by a s+le in/ance f ! hi/ory ( ea* ! v opposite *>act]s ( ! ,puritan ,republicans ( ,engl& & ! ,a!i/ical ,republican ( ,france1 we w\ld j set (f aga9/ "o ano!r ! fate ( ,male%]bes & ! treatm5t ( ,sir ,mat!w4 ,cromwell1 unequall$ 9 8 ability ( weigh+ ! capabilities ( m51 _h be5 c>efully scann+ ! c\rse ( ! c\rage\s & hone/ b>ri/]2 &1 conv9c$ t s able a lawy] & s good & brave a man c\ld sc>ce fail ( mak+ an excell5t judge1 he det]m9$ on rais+ him to ! b5*4 ,at ?is /age1 h[ev]1 a difficulty int]pos$1 n 9 ! lib]al & enlight5$ policy ( ! ,protector1 :o _h no objections :atev] to a consci5ti\s ,royali/ magi/rate1 b 9 ! scruples ( ,sir ,mat!w1 :o at fir/ d\bt$ ! propriety ( tak+ (fice "u :at he deem$ a usurp$ p[]4 ,! process ( argum5t by :i* he ov]came ! difficulty1 simple z x may seem1 is wor?y ( all he$4 ,its v simplicity may be reg>d$ z demon/rat+ ! s\ndness ( ! und]/&+ t orig9at$ & !n act$ ^u x z a firm fir/ pr9ciple1 especially :5 we take into acc\nt ! exquisitely nice "* ( ! consci5ce :i* x _h to satisfy4 ,x is absolutely necess>y = ! wellbe+ ( society1 argu$ ,sir ,mat!w1 t ju/ice be adm9i/]$ betwe5 man & man2 & ! necessity exi/s altoge!r indep5d5tly ( ! great political ev5ts :i* affect ! s\rces ( p[]1 by *ang+ dyna/ies or revolutioniz+ gov]nm5ts4 ,! claim ( ! supreme rul] de facto may be a bad "o2 he may owe 8 p[] to "s act ( great political inju/ice--to an iniquit\s w>--to an indef5sible revolution--to a f\l conspiracy2 b ! flaw 9 8 title _c be reg>d$ z weak5+ 9 ! lea/ ! claim ( ! p "u him to ! adm9i/ration ( ju/ice among !m z ! ord9ance ( ,god4 ,! "r ( ! hone/ man to be protect$ by ! magi/rate f ! ?ief--! "r ( ! peaceable man to be protect$ by ! magi/rate f ! assass9--is n a conditional "r1 dep5d5t on ! title ( ! rul]3 x is z cle> & c]ta9 dur+ ^? p]iods s common 9 hi/ory1 :5 ! supreme p[] is illegitimately ve/$1 z dur+ ! happi] p]iods ( undisput$ legitimacy4 ,& to be a m9i/] ( ,god = ! adm9i/ration ( ju/ice1 if ! (fice be atta9able )\t s91 is z c]ta9ly "r at all times z ! j ex]cise ( ! magi/rate's functions is "r at all times4 ,if x be "r t society be protect$ by ! magi/rate1 x is z unequivocally "r 9 ! magi/rate to protect4 ,b x is wrong to recognise z legitimate ! supreme rul] ( a c\ntry if 8 p[] be palpably usurp$4 ,engli% society1 "u ,cromwell1 reta9s its "r to h ju/ice adm9i/]$1 :olly unaffect$ by ! flaw 9 ,cromwell's title2 b x w\ld be wrong to recognise 8 title1 contr>y to "o's conviction1 z void ( any flaw4 ,9 %ort1 to use ! simple language ( ,burnet1 ,sir ,mat!w1 'aft] mature delib]ation1 came to be ( op9ion1 t z x 0 absolutely necess>y to h ju/ice & prop]ty kept up at all times1 x 0 no s9 to take a commission f usurp]s1 if !re 0 decl>ation made ( ackn[l$g+ _! au?ority4' ,cromwell _h bread? en\gh to dem& no su* decl>ation f ,sir ,mat!w1 & s ! latt] took 8 place on ! b5*4 ,nor is x necess>y to say h[ he adorn$ x4 ,9 agreem5t ) 8 political views1 he decl9$ tak+ any "p 9 trials = (f5ces aga9/ ! ,/ate2 b 9 cases ( ord9>y felonies1 no "o c\ld act ) m vig\r & decision4 ,dur+ ! trial ( a ,republican soldi]1 :o _h waylaid & murd]$ a ,royali/1 ! colonel ( ! soldi] came into c\rt to arre/ judgm5t1 on ! plea t 8 man _h done only 8 duty1 = t ! p]son :om he _h kill$ _h be5 disobey+ ! ,protector's ord]s at ! "t2 & to ?reat5 ! judge ) ! v5geance ( ! supreme au?ority1 if he urg$ matt]s to an extremity aga9/ him4 ,sir ,mat!w li/5$ coolly to 8 ?reats & 8 reason+s1 & !n1 pron\nc+ s5t5ce ( dea? aga9/ ! felon1 agreeably to ! f9d+ ( ! jury1 he ord]$ him out to in/ant execution1 le/ ! c\rse ( ju/ice %\ld be int]rupt$ by any int]f]5ce on ! "p ( ,gov]nm5t4 ,on ano!r occasion1 9 :i* he _h to preside 9 a trial 9 :i* ! ,protector 0 deeply conc]n$1 he f\nd t ! jury _h be5 return$1 n by ! %]iff or 8 lawful (fic]1 b by ord] ( ! ,protector himself4 ,he imm$iately dismiss$ !m1 &1 refus+ to g on ) ! trial1 broke up ! c\rt4 ,cromwell1 says ,burnet1 0 highly displeas$ ) him on ?is occasion1 & on 8 return f ! circuit 9 :i* x _h occurr$1 told him 9 great ang] t 'he 0 n fit to be a judge4' ',v true1' repli$ ,sir ,mat!w1 ^: ideas ( ! requirem5ts ( ! (fice 7 ( ! mo/ exalt$ "*1--',v true2' & s ! matt] dropp$4 ',x is absolutely necess>y1' argu$ ,sir ,mat!w1 'to h ju/ice kept up at all times1' :atev] flaws may exi/ 9 ! title ( ! m5 9 :om ! supreme au?ority may *ance to be ve/$4 ,nev] yet 0 !re a simpl] proposition2 b !re is sublimity 9 its bread?4 ,x involves ! true doctr9e ( subjection to ! magi/rate1 z en=c$ by ,/4 ,paul4 ,! ,new ,te/am5t furni%es u ) no disquisitions on political ju/ice3 x does n say :e!r ! title ( ,domitian to ! supreme au?ority 0 a good title or no1 or :e!r he %\ld h be5 succe$$ by ,caligula1 & ,caligula by ,claudius1 or no2 or :e!r or no ! fact t ,claudius 0 poison$ by ! "m ( ,n]o1 d]iv$ to ,n]o any "r to ,claudius's ?rone4 ,we he> no?+ ( ^! matt]s4 ,! magi/racy describ$ by ,/4 ,paul is ! magi/racy conceiv$ ( by ,sir ,mat!w ,hale 'z necess>y to be kept up at all times4' ,an application ( ?is simple pr9ciple to "s ( ! m m>k$ proce$+s ( our civil c\rts dur+ ! la/ two ye>s w be f\nd an admirable means ( te/+ _! degree ( judicial wisdom4 ',x is absolutely necess>y to h ju/ice kept up at all times1' & ?is n less necess>y surely )9 ?an beyond ! pale ( ! ,*ur*4 ,x is necess>y t a m9i/] ( ! gospel 'be blameless'--no drunk>d1 no sw9dl]1 no ?ief1 no grossly obsc5e p]son2 nor c any suppos$ flaw 9 ! con/itution ( an ecclesia/ical c\rt disannul ! necessity4 ,a man may sit 9 t c\rt 9 a judicial capacity ^: compet5cy to take 8 seat !re may n h be5 det]m9$ by "s civil c\rt t *all5ges = itself an equivocal & disput$ "r to decide 9 ! matt]4 ,!re may exi/ "s suppos$1 or ev5 "s real1 flaw 9 t supreme ecclesia/ical au?ority ( ! c\ntry1 ?r\gh ! ex]tion ( :i* ! ,*ur* is to be protect$ f ! infection ( vice & irreligion2 b ?is flaw1 real or suppos$1 furni%es no adequate cause :y ju/ice 9 ! ,*ur* '%\ld n be kept up4' ',ju/ice1' said ,sir ,mat!w1 'mu/ be kept up at all times1' :atev] ! irregul>ities ( title :i* may occur 9 ! supreme au?ority4 ,! great society ( ! ,*ur* has a "r to ju/ice1 :e!r x be decid$ t ! m9i/]s ( quoad sacra p>i%es h :at has be5 t]m$ a legal "r to sit 9 ecclesia/ical c\rts or no4 ,! dev\t & hone/ *ur* memb] has a "r to be protect$ f ! blasphem\s pr(anities ( ! wret*$ m9i/] :o is a ?ief or wret*$ sw9dl]2 ! *a/e & sob] h a "r to be protect$ f ! m9i/rations ( ! drunk5 & ! obsc5e wret*1 ^: prea*+ is b mock]y1 & 8 disp5sations ( ! sacram5t sacrilege4 ,! ,*ur* has a "r to purge itself ( su* m9i/]s2 & ^! sacr$ rights no suppos$1 ev5 no real1 flaw 9 ! con/itution ( its c\rts ought to be p]mitt$ to affect4 ',ju/ice may be kept up at all times4' ,we h said t ! pr9ciple ( ,sir ,mat!w ,hale s]ves to ?r[ a k9d ( hi/oric light on ! judicial tal5t ( our c\ntry 9 ! pres5t age1 z repres5t$ by ! majority ( our ,lords ( ,session4 ,x enables u1 9 "s sort1 to anticipate reg>d+ x ! decision ( po/]ity4 ,! li/ ( cases ( protection af=d$ by ! civil c\rt w ( itself =m a curi\s climax 9 ! page ( "s future hi/orian4 ,sw9dl+ w come aft] drunk5ness 9 ! s]ies1 !ft w foll[ aft] sw9dl+1 & ! mis]able catalogue w be summ$ up by an (f5ce :i* we mu/ n "n4 ,& x w be rem>k$ t all ^! gross crimes 7 f5c$ r\nd & protect$ 9 pr(ess$ m9i/]s ( ! gospel by ! int]f]5ce ( ! civil c\rts1 j because a majority ( ! judges 7 m5 s defective 9 judicial g5ius t !y lo/ sight ( ! v fir/ pr9ciples ( _! pr(ession1 & held t 'ju/ice is n to be kept up at all times4' ,b we leave our read]s to foll[ up ! subject4 ,"s ( ! pr9ciples to :i* we h ref]r$ may s]ve to ?r[ additional light on ! rem>k ( ,"l ,ivory1 :5 recall+ ! int]dict 9 ! ,s\!nd case4 ',ev5 7 ! objection aga9/ ! compet5cy ( quoad sacra m9i/]s to be ultimately su/a9$1' said 8 ,lord%ip1 ',i am dispos$ to hold t ! judicial acts & s5t5ces ( ! ,g5]al ,assembly & its ,commission1 bona fide pron\nc$ 9 ! int]im1 %\ld be giv5 effect to not)/&+4' ,,an ,,unspok5 ,,spee*4 ,we enjoy$ ! hon\r on ,w$nesday la/ ( be+ pres5t z a gue/ at ! annual soiree ( ! ,scotti% ,"y ,m5's ,society1 & d]iv$ mu* pleasure f ! g5]al appe>ance ( ! meet+1 & ! addresses ( ! memb]s & _! fri5ds4 ,! body ( ! great ,wat]loo ,room 0 cr[d$ on ! occasion ) a respectable1 intellectual-look+ audi5ce1 includ+ f ab\t a hundr$ & fifty to two hundr$ memb]s ( ! ,society1 all ( !m "y m5 b&$ toge!r = mutual improvem5t1 & mo/ ( !m 9 t important decade ( life--by f> ! mo/ important ( ! appo9t$ sev5--:i* int]v5es betwe5 ! fifte5? & ! five-&-tw5tie? ye>4 ,! plat=m 0 equally well fill$1 & ! ,%]iff ( ,ed9burgh occupi$ ! *air4 ,we felt a p>ticul> int]e/ 9 ! objects ( ! ,society1 & a deep sympa?y ) its memb]s2 =1 z we li/5$ to ! v>i\s speak]s1 & our eyes glanc$ ov] ! intellig5t c\nt5ances t ?rong$ ! area ( ! ap>tm5t1 we ?\ght ( pa/ difficulties enc\nt]$ 9 a cause simil> to t :i* =m$ ! unit+ bond ( ! ,society1 & ( n a few wrecks :i* we _h witness$ ( m5 :o _h set out 9 life f ! humbl] levels1 ) ! det]m9ation ( press+ _! way upw>ds4 ,& feel+ some:at aft] ! mann] t an old sailor w\ld feel :o saw a crew ( "y ones sett+ out to ?read _! way ?r\gh "s dang]\s /rait1 ! p]ils ( :i* he _h already enc\nt]$1 or to sail r\nd "s =midable cape1 :i*1 aft] _m an unsuccessful attempt1 he _h d\bl$1 we fanci$ ourselves 9 ! position ( "o qualifi$ to give !m "s little advice reg>d+ ! navigation ( ! seas on :i* !y 7 j ent]+4 ,b1 be ! fact ( qualification z x may1 we f\nd ourselves1 aft] leav+ ! room1 address+ !m1 9 imag9ation1 9 a few pla9 words1 reg>d+ "s ( ! rocks1 & %oals1 & insidi\s curr5ts1 :i* we knew lay 9 _! c\rse4 ,m5 ^: words come sl[ly & pa9fully :5 among _! fell[s1 c be q flu5t en\gh :5 !y speak inw>ds )\t break+ sil5ce1 & h m]ely an imag9>y assemblage = _! audi5ce2 & s our %ort address w5t (f glibly1 )\t break or int]ruption1 9 ! /yle ( ord9>y conv]sational gossip4 ,!re are curi\s prec$5ts on record = ! pr9t+ ( unspok5 spee*es4 ,reject+1 h[ev]1 all ! high] ones1 we %all be q cont5t to take our prec$5t f ! fam\s spee* :i* ! 'indig5t philosoph]' addresses1 9 "o ( ,goldsmi?'s ,essays1 to ,mr4 ,bell[sm5d] & ! ,cateaton ,club4 ,! philosoph] beg9s1 x w be rememb]$1 by tell+ 8 imag9>y audi5ce1 t ?\gh ,na?an ,b5 ,funk1 ! ri* ,jew1 might feel a natural int]e/ 9 ! /ate ( ! /ocks1 x 0 no?+ to !m1 :o _h no money2 & concludes by quot+ ! 'fam\s au?or call$ ,lilly's ,gramm>4' ',memb]s ( ! ,scotti% ,"y ,m5's ,society1' we said1 'x is r late 9 life = ! individual :o n[ addresses y to attempt acquir+ ! art ( ! public speak]4 ,^? :o h be5 mo/ 9 ! habit ( notic+ ! effect ( ! sev]al me*anical pr(essions on "* & intellect1 divide !m into two classes--! s$5t>y & ! labori\s2 & !y rem>k1 t :ile 9 ! s$5t>y1 su* z ! pr9t+1 weav+1 tailor+1 & %oemak+ trades1 !re are usually a consid]able proportion ( flu5t speak]s1 9 ! labori\s trades1 on ! o!r h&1 su* z ^? ( ! mason1 %ip-c>p5t]1 pl\ghman1 & blacksmi?1 "o g5]ally meets ) b taciturn1 sl[-speak+ m54 ,we ne$ sc>ce say 9 :i* ( ^! s*ools we h be5 tra9$4 ,y w at once see--to borr[ f "o ( ! be/ & mo/ anci5t ( writ]s--t we are n eloqu5t1 b a man ( sl[ spee*1 & ( a sl[ tongue4 ,& yet we ?9k we may v5ture address+ ourselves1 9 a few pla9 words1 to an association ( "y m5 unit$ = ! purpose ( mutual improvem5t4 ,we ought & we d sympa?ize ) y 9 y\r object2 & we congratulate y on ! facilities :i* y\r numb]s1 & y\r libr>y1 & y\r resid5ce 9 "o ( ! mo/ intellectual cities 9 ! _w1 _c fail to af=d y 9 its pursuit4 ,we ourselves h kn[n :at x is to prosecute 9 solitude1 ) b few books1 & encompass$ by _m difficulties1 ! se>* aft] k2 & we h se5 ye> aft] ye> pass by1 & ! ob/acles 9 our way rema9+ app>5tly z great z at fir/4 ,& 7 we to sum up ! cond5s$ result ( our exp]i5ce 9 two brief words ( advice1 x w\ld am\nt simply to ?is1 ,nev] despair4 ,we are told ( ,commodore ,anson--a man ^: s5se & c\rage ultimately triumph$ ov] a s]ies ( p]haps ! mo/ appall+ disa/]s man ev] enc\nt]$1 & :o won = himself1 by 8 magnanimity1 sagacity1 & cool resolution1 ! applauses ( ev5 8 enemies1 s t ,r\sseau & ,voltaire eulogiz$ him1 ! "o 9 hi/ory1 ! o!r 9 romance1--we are told1 we say1 ( ?is ,anson1 t :5 rais$ to ! ,briti% pe]age1 he 0 p]mitt$ to select 8 own motto1 & t he *ose an em95tly *>act]i/ic "o--,nil ,desp]&um4 ,by all means let x be y\r motto also--n z a ?+ to be p>ad$ on "s h]aldic label1 b to be engrav$ ^u y\r he>ts4 ,we wi% t1 amid ! elegancies ( ?is hall1 we c\ld br+ up be=e y "s ( ! sc5es ( our pa/ life4 ,!y w\ld =m a curi\s panorama1 & might s]ve to tea* t 9 no circum/ances1 h[ev] app>5tly desp]ate1 %\ld m5 lose hope4 ,nev] =get t x is n necess>y1 9 ord] to ov]come gigantic difficulties1 t "o's /r5g? %\ld be gigantic4 ,p]sev]+ ex]tion is mu* m ?an /r5g?4 ,we owe to %ovels & :eelb>r[s1 & human muscles ( ! av]age size & vig\r1 ! great railway :i* connects ! capitals ( ! two k+doms4 ,& ! difficulties :i* encompass ! "y man ( humble circum/ances & imp]fect education1 mu/ be reg>d$ z com+ "u ! same category z difficulties ( ! purely physical k9d4 ,int]rupt$ or insulat$ ef=ts1 h[ev] vigor\s1 w be f\nd to be b ( little avail4 ,x is to ! elem5t ( cont9uity t y mu/ tru/4 ,!re is a _w ( s5se 9 ,sir ,walt] ,scott's fav\rite prov]b1 ,"t & ,i1 g5tlem51 aga9/ any two4 ,b ?\gh x be unnecess>y1 9 ord] to secure success1 t "o's ef=ts 9 ! conte/ ) gigantic difficulties %\ld be !mselves gigantic1 x is ess5tially necess>y t !y %\ld employ "o's :ole /r5g?4 ,half ef=ts nev] accompli% any?+4 ,no man ev] did any?+ well1 says ,johnson1 to :i* he did n apply ! :ole b5t ( 8 m9d4 ,& unless a man keep 8 head cool1 & 8 faculties undissipat$1 he ne$ n expect t 8 ef=ts c ev] be o!r ?an half ef=ts1 or o!r ?an ( a desultory1 fitful1 non-productive k9d4 ,we d n /& "h 9 ! "* ( a mod]n ,re*abite4 ,b ?is we mu/ say3 ,let no "y man ev] beguile himself ) ! hope t he is to make a figure 9 society1 or rise 9 ! _w1 unless1 z ! apo/le expresses x1 he be temp]ate 9 all ?+s4 ,scotl& has produc$ n a few di/+ui%$ m5 :o 7 un=tunately n temp]ate2 b x is well kn[n t ( "o ( ! greate/ ( !m all--p]haps "o ( ! mo/ vigor\s-m9d$ m5 our c\ntry ev] produc$--! intemp]ate habits 7 n =m$ e>ly4 ,rob]t ,burns1 up till 8 tw5ty-six? ye>1 :5 he _h ma/]$ all 8 p[]s1 & produc$ "s ( 8 f9e/ poems1 0 an em95tly sob] man4 ,climb+ requires n only a /eady foot1 b a /rong head2 & we "q :e!r any "o ev] climb$ ! p]il\s /eep1 :]e1 accord+ to ,beattie1 ,fame's pr\d temple %9es af>1 :o did n keep 8 head cool dur+ ! process4 ,s f> z our own exp]i5ce goes1 we c truly /ate1 t ?\gh we h kn[n n a few work+ m51 possess$ "s ( !m ( /rong intellects1 & "s ( !m ( f9e ta/e1 & ev5 ( g5ius1 n "o h we ev] kn[n :o rose ei!r to em95ce or a compet5cy "u e>ly =m$ habits ( intemp]ance4 ,^! inde$ are ! difficulties t _c be surm\nt$1 & ! only ones4 ,r m ?an ?irty ye>s ago1 ! dr9k+ usages ( ! c\ntry 7 m num]\s ?an !y are n[4 ,9 ! me*anical pr(ession 9 :i* we lab\r$ !y 7 _m3 :5 a f\ndation 0 laid1 ! workm5 7 treat$ to dr9k2 !y 7 treat$ to dr9k :5 ! walls 7 levell$2 !y 7 treat$ to dr9k :5 ! build+ 0 f9i%$2 !y 7 treat$ to dr9k :5 an appr5tice jo9$ ! squad2 treat$ to dr9k :5 8 apron 0 wa%$2 treat$ to dr9k :5 8 "t 0 out2 & occasionally !y le>n$ to treat "o ano!r to dr9k4 ,at ! fir/ h\se ^u :i* we 7 engag$ z a slim appr5tice boy1 ! workm5 _h a royal f\nd+-p9t1 & two :ole glasses ( :isky came to our %>e4 ,a full-gr[n man might n deem a gill ( usquebhae an ov]-dose1 b x 0 too mu* = a boy unaccu/om$ to /rong dr9k2 & :5 ! p>ty broke up1 & we got home to our few books--few1 b good1 & :i* we _h le>n$ at ev5 an e>li] p]iod to pore ov] ) delight--we f\nd1 z we op5$ ! page ( a fav\rite au?or1 ! lett]s danc+ be=e our eyes1 & t we c\ld no long] ma/] 8 s5se4 ,! /ate 0 p]haps a n v fav\rable "o = =m+ a resolution 91 b we believe ! ef=t s]v$ to sob] u4 ,we det]m9$ 9 t h\r t nev] m w\ld we sacrifice our capacity ( intellectual enjoym5t to a dr9k+ usage2 & dur+ ! fifte5 ye>s :i* we sp5t z an op]ative mason1 we held1 ?r\gh ,god's help1 by ! det]m9ation4 ,we are n sure :e!r1 save = t det]m9ation1 we w\ld h _h ! hon\r ( a place on ?is plat=m to-night4 ,b !re are o!r k9ds ( intoxication ?an t :i* x is ! nature ( /rong dr9k or ( drugs to produce4 ,bacon speaks ( a natural drunk5ness4 ,& ! halluc9ations ( ?is natural drunk5ness mu/ be avoid$ if y w\ld prosp]4 ,let u specify "o ( ^!4 ,nev] let y\rselves be beguil$ by ! idea t fate has misplac$ y 9 life1 & t 7 y 9 "s o!r sph]e y w\ld rise4 ,x is true t "s m5 are greatly misplac$2 b to brood ov] ! idea is n ! be/ way ( gett+ ! necess>y ex*ange effect$4 ,x is n ! way at all4 ,(t5 ! be/ policy 9 ! case is j to =get ! misplacem5t4 ,we rememb] once deem+ ourselves misplac$1 :51 9 a season ( bad heal? & consequ5t despond5cy1 we _h to "w among lab\r]s 9 a qu>ry4 ,b ! feel+ soon pass$1 & we set ourselves c>efully to exam9e ! qu>ry4 ,c[p] describes a prison] ( ! ,ba/ile beguil+ 8 we>y h\rs by c\nt+ ! nail-/uds on ! door ( 8 cell1 upw>ds1 d[nw>ds1 & across1-- ,we>+ out "t 9 numb]+ to & fro1 ,! /uds t ?ick emboss 8 iron door2 ,!n d[nw>d & !n upw>ds1 !n aslant ,& !n alt]nate2 ) a sickly hope ,by d9t ( *ange to give 8 ta/eless task ,"s reli%2 till1 ! sum exactly f\nd ,9 all directions1 he beg9s aga94 ,x 0 idle "w2 = to reckon up ! door-/uds nev] s (t5 0 n ! way ( op5+ up ! door4 ,b 9 c>efully exam9+ & record+ = our own use ! appe>ances ( ! /ony b>s ( our prison1 we 7 greatly m pr(itably employ$4 ,nay1 we _h /umbl$ on "o ( ! be/ possible modes ( escap+ f our prison4 ,we 7 9 reality gett+ hold ( its bolts & its /an*eons1 & conv]t+ !m into tools 9 ! "w ( break+ out4 ,we rememb] once pass+ a :ole season 9 "o ( ! dre>ie/ di/ricts ( ! nor?-we/]n ,highl&s1--a di/rict includ$ 9 t unhappy tract ( c\ntry1 doom$1 we fe>1 to pov]ty & suff]+1 :i* we f9d m>k$ 9 ! ra9-map ( ,europe ) a d\ble %ade ( blackness4 ,we _h h>d "w1 & (t5 soak+ ra91 dur+ ! day2 & at night our damp fuel fill$ ! turf hut 9 :i* we %elt]$ ) suffocat+ smoke1 & af=d$ no light by :i* to read4 ,nor--ev5 ere ! ye> got into its wane1 & :5 9 ! long ev5+s we _h light--_h we any books to read by x1 or a s+le lit]>y or sci5tific fri5d ) :om to ex*ange an idea4 ,we rememb] at ano!r "t liv+ 9 an agricultural di/rict 9 ! l[ c\ntry1 9 a hovel t 0 op5 along ! ridge ( ! ro( f gable to gable1 s t z we lay a-b$ we c\ld tell ! h\rs ( ! night by ! />s t 7 pass+ ov]head across ! *asm4 ,!re 7 ab\t half-a-doz5 f>m-s]vants1 victims to ! bo?ie sy/em1 t ate & slept 9 ! same place2 & (t51 long aft] midnight1 a disreputable poa*] us$ to come /eal?ily 91 & fl+ himself d[n on a lair ( /raw t he _h prep>$ = himself 9 a corn]4 ,n[1 bo? ! ,highl& hut & ! ,l[l& hovel1 ) _! accompanim5ts ( protract$ & uncong5ial lab\r1 might be reg>d$ z dre>y prisons2 & yet we f\nd !m to be 9 reality useful s*ools1 v necess>y to our education4 ,& n[1 :5 we he> ab\t ! /ate ( ! ,highl&s1 & ! "* ( our poor ,highl&]s1 & ( ! influ5ce ( ! bo?ie sy/em & ( ! game-laws1 we feel t we "k consid]ably m ab\t su* matt]s ?an if our exp]i5ce _h be5 ( a m limit$ or m pleasant k9d4 ,!re are few su* prisons 9 :i* a "y man ( en]gy & a brave he>t c be plac$1 9 :i* he w n ga9 m by tak+ k9dly to 8 "w1 & look+ well ab\t him1 ?an by wa/+ himself 9 convulsive endeav\rs to escape4 ,if he b le>n to ?9k ( 8 prison z a s*ool1 !re is good hope ( 8 ultimately gett+ out ( x4 ,7 a but*]'s boy to ask u--y w n deem ! illu/ration too l[1 = y w rememb] t ,h5ry ,kirke ,:ite 0 once a but*]'s boy--7 he to ask u h[ we ?\ght he c\ld be/ escape f 8 mis]able employm5t1 we w\ld at once say1 ,y h r>e opportunities ( obs]vation2 y may be a but*]'s boy 9 body1 b 9 m9d y may become an adept 9 "o ( ! pr(\nde/ ( ! sci5ces1 t ( comp>ative anatomy2--?9k ( y\rself z n 9 a prison1 b 9 a s*ool1 & !re is no fe> b y w rise4 ,!re is ano!r delusion ( t natural drunk5ness ref]r$ to1 aga9/ :i* y mu/ also be w>n$4 ,nev] sacrifice y\r indep5d5ce to a phantom4 ,we h se5 "y m5 utt]ly ru9 !mselves ?r\gh ! va9 belief t !y 7 too good = _! "w4 ,!y 7 mo/ly lads ( a lit]>y turn1 :o _h got a knack ( v]sify+1 & :o1 9 ! fond belief t !y 7 poets & m5 ( g5ius1 & t poets & m5 ( g5ius %\ld be above ! soil & drudg]y ( me*anical lab\r1 gave up ! pr(ession by :i* !y _h liv$1 poorly mayhap1 b indep5d5tly1 & got none o!r to set 9 its place4 ,a mi/ake ( ?is "* is always a fatal "o2 & we tru/ all ( y w ev] rememb]1 t ?\gh a man may ?9k himself above 8 "w1 no man is1 or no man ought to ?9k himself1 above ! high dignity ( be+ indep5d5t4 ,9 tru?1 he is b a sorry1 weak fell[ :o measures himself by ! conv5tional /atus ( ! lab\r by :i* he lives4 ,our great poet =m$ a correct] e/imate3 ,:at ?\gh on hamely f>e we d9e1 ,we> hodd5 grey1 & a' t8 ,gie fools _! silks1 & knaves _! w9e1 ,a man's a man = a' t4 ,!re is ano!r advice :i* we w\ld fa9 give y1 ?\gh x may be reg>d$ z ( a some:at equivocal k9d3 ,rely ^u y\rselves4 ,! man :o sets 8 hopes ^u patronage1 or ! ex]tions ( o!rs 9 8 behalf1 is nev] s respectable a man1 &1 save 9 v occasional in/ances1 r>ely s lucky a man1 z he :o b5ds 8 ex]tions to compel =tune 9 8 behalf1 by mak+ himself wor?y ( h] fav\rs4 ,"s ( ! greate/ wrecks we h se5 9 life h be5 ^? ( wait]s on patronage2 & ! greate/ discont5ts :i* we h se5 9 corporations1 *ur*es1 & /ates1 h aris5 f ! ex]cise ( patronage4 ,%akespe>e tells u1 9 8 exquisite ve91 ( a virtue t is twice bless$1--bless$ 9 ^? :o give1 & bless$ 9 ^? :o receive4 ,patronage is twice curs$1--curs$ 9 ! incompet5cy :i* x places :]e m]it ought to be1 & 9 ! incompet5cy :i* x creates among ! class :o make x _! tru/4 ,b ! curse :i* y h ma9ly to avoid is t :i* s (t5 falls on ^? :o wa/e _! "t & suff] _! en]gies to evaporate 9 weakly & obsequi\sly wait+ ^u x4 ,we !re=e say1 ,rely ^u y\rselves4 ,b !re is ,"o o!r on :om y mu/ rely2 & implicit reliance on ,him1 in/ead ( induc+ weakness1 inf9itely increases /r5g?4 ,bacon has well said1 t a dog is brave & g5]\s :5 he believes himself back$ by 8 ma/]1 b timid & cr\*+1 especially 9 a /range place1 :5 he is alone & 8 ma/] away4 ,& a human ma/]1 says ! philosoph]1 is z a god to ! dog4 ,x c]ta9ly does inspire a man ) /r5g? to believe t 8 great ,ma/] is beh9d him1 invigorat+ him 9 8 /ruggles1 & protect+ him aga9/ e dang]4 ,we knew 9 e>ly life a few sm>t infidels--sm>t b %all[2 b n "o ( !m ev] f\nd _! way into notice2 & ?\gh we h n yet liv$ out our half c5tury1 !y h 9 t space all disappe>$4 ,!re are v>i\s causes :i* conspire to write x d[n z fate1 t ! humble infidel %\ld be unsuccessful 9 life4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 infidelity is n a m>k ( good s5se1 b v mu* ! rev]se4 ,we h be5 mu* /ruck by a passage :i* occurs 9 ! autobiography ( a great g5]al ( ! e>ly "p ( ! la/ c5tury4 ,9 relat+ ! disa/]s & defeats exp]i5c$ 9 a c]ta9 campaign by two subord9ate g5]al (fic]s1 *iefly ?r\gh misconduct1 & a lack ( ! necess>y %rewdness1 he adds1 ,i ev] suspect$ ! judgm5t ( ^! m5 s9ce ,i f\nd t !y pr(ess$ !mselves infidels4 ,! sagaci\s g5]al _h inf]r$ t _! pr(ession ( infidelity augur$ a lack ( s5se2 & t1 :5 !y got into comm&1 ! same lack ( s5se :i* l$ !m to glory 9 _! %ame w\ld be productive1 z its necess>y results1 ( mis=tune & disa/]4 ,!re is a %rewd lesson "h to ! class :o d\bt & cavil simply to %[ _! p>ts4 ,9 ! second place1 infidelity1 on ! pr9ciple ( ,bacon1 is a weak1 tott]+ ?+1 unbuttress$ by t support :i* gives to poor human nature half its /r5g? & all its dignity4 ,b1 above all1 9 ! ?ird & la/ place1 ! humble infidel1 unballa/$ by "r pr9ciple1 sets out on ! p]il\s voyage ( life )\t *>t or compass1 &1 drift+ f (f ! safe c\rse1 gets among rocks & break]s1 & !re p]i%es4 ,b we mu/ n trespass on y\r "t4 ,) reg>d to ! conduct ( y\r /udies1 we simply say1 ,/rive to be ca?olic 9 y\r ta/es4 ,"s ( y w h a lean+ to sci5ce2 "s to lit]ature4 ,to ! "o class we w\ld say1 ,y\r lit]ature w be all ! m solid if y c get a ve9 ( true sci5ce to run ?r\gh x2 & to ! o!r1 ,y\r sci5ce w be all ! m fasc9at+ if y temp] & g>ni% x ) lit]ature4 ,9 tru?1 almo/ all ! great] subjects ( man's contemplation belong to bo? fields4 ,( subjects su* z a/ronomy & geology1 = in/ance1 ! poetry is z sublime z ! sci5ce is pr(\nd4 ,z a pretty g5]al rule1 y w p]haps f9d lit]ature mo/ engag+ 9 y\?1 & sci5ce z y gr[ 9 ye>s4 ,b faculties = bo? h be5 giv5 y by ! great ,taskma/]1 & x is y\r b\nd5 duty t ^! be ex]cis$ aright4 ,& s let u urge y1 9 conclusion1 9 ! words ( ,col]idge3 ,!re=e to g & jo9 head1 he>t1 & h&1 ,active & firm to fight ! bloodless fight ,( sci5ce1 fre$om1 & ! tru? 9 ,*ri/4 ,,disruption ,,pr9ciples4 ,"o ( ! _m dang]s to :i* ! memb]s ( a dise/abli%$ ,*ur* j escap$ f ,/ate control & ! turmoil ( an excit+ /ruggle are liable1 is ! dang] ( gett+ j a little wild on m9ute semi-metaphysical po9ts1 & ( ei!r qu>rell+ reg>d+ !m ) _! neighb\rs1 or ( fall+ out among !mselves4 ,great controv]sies1 involv+ broad pr9ciples1 h 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,*ur* n unfrequ5tly brok5 into small controv]sies1 involv+ n>r[ pr9ciples2 j z 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w mighty empires l t ( ,alex&] ! ,great h brok5 up into petty prov9ces1 head$ by m]e satraps & capta9s1 :5 ! ma/]-m9d t =m$ _! unit+ bond has be5 remov$4 ,indep5d5tly ( t /ability :i* ! legaliz$ framework ( a rightly-con/itut$ ,e/abli%m5t is almo/ sure to imp>t to its di/9ctive doctr9es1 ! influ5ce ( its temporalities has 9 "o special direction a sob]+ & :olesome effect4 ,m5 c>efully weigh pr9ciples = ! ass]tion ( :i* !y may be call$ on to sacrifice or to suff]1 & are usually little 9 dang]1 9 su* circum/ances1 ( becom+ m>tyrs to a m]e crot*et4 ,! fir/ beg9n+s ( notions t1 if suff]$ to gr[ 9 ! m9d1 may at l5g? tyrannize ov] x1 & lead ev5 ! moral s5se captive1 are (t5 exce$+ly m9ute4 ,!y />t up 9 ! =m (1 mayhap1 solit>y ideas1 *ance-d]iv$ f "s unexpect$ association1 or pick$ up 9 conv]sation or read+2 ! att5tion gradually conc5trates ^u !m2 auxili>y ideas1 9 consequ5ce1 spr+ up ar\nd !m2 !y assume a logical =m--connect !mselves1 on ! "o h&1 ) c]ta9 reveal$ injunctions ( wide mean+--lay hold1 on ! o!r1 on a previ\sly develop$ devotional _s or well-tra9$ consci5ti\sness2 &1 9 ! end1 if ! m9ds 9 :i* !y h aris5 be influ5tial ones1 !y alt] ! aspects & names ( religi\s bodies1 & place 9 a /ate ( insulation & s*ism *ur*es & congregations4 ,_! rise some:at resembles t ( ! waves1 z describ$ by ,frankl9 9 8 pap] on ! effects ( oil 9 induc+ a calm1 or 9 pres]v+ "o4 ',! fir/-rais$ waves1' he says1 'are m]e wr9kles2 b be+ cont9ually act$ ^u by ! w9d1 !y are1 ?\gh ! gale does n increase 9 /r5g?1 cont9ually increas$ 9 magnitude1 ris+ high]1 & ext5d+ _! bases s z to include 9 ea* wave va/ masses1 & to act ) great mom5tum4 ,! w9d1 h[ev]1' cont9ues ! philosoph]1 'bl[+ ov] wat] cov]$ ) oil1 _c cat* ^u x s z to raise ! fir/ or elem5t>y wr9kles1 b slides ov] x1 & leaves x smoo? z x f9ds x2 & be+ ?us prev5t$ f produc+ ^! fir/ elem5ts ( waves1 x ( c\rse _c produce ! waves !mselves4' ,9 apply+ ! illu/ration j a little fur!r1 we w\ld rem>k1 t )9 a :olesomely-con/itut$ religi\s ,e/abli%m5t1 ! influ5ce ( ! temporalities acts 9 prev5t+ ! rise ( new notions1 l ! smoo?+ oil4 ,if x does n :olly prev5t ! =mation ( ! fir/ wr9kles ( novel op9ion1 x at lea/ prev5ts _! height5+ into wavelets or seas4 ,if ! bill[s rise )9 s z to disrupt ! framework ( ! ,e/abli%m5t1 & make wreck ( its temporalities1 x may be fairly premis$ t !y h ris5 n f any impulsion ( ! light w9ds ( unc]ta9 doctr9e1 b1 z 9 ! ,canton de ,vaud & ! ,*ur* ( ,scotl&1 9 ob$i5ce to ! /rong gr\nd-swell ( /]l+ pr9ciple4 ,n[ we deem x a mighty advantage1 & "o :i* %\ld n be wilfully neutraliz$ by any aft] act ( ! body1 t ! di/9ctive pr9ciples ( ! ,free ,*ur* be> ! /amp & pressure ( sacrifice4 ,! temporalities resign$ = _! sake d n adequately measure _! value2 b !y at lea/ demon/rate t1 9 ! e/imate ( ^? :o resign$ !m1 ! pr9ciples did ( a c]ta9ty possess value up to ! am\nt resign$4 ,! ,disruption =ms a gu>antee = ! /am9a ( our ,*ur*'s peculi> t5ets1 & impresses ^u !m1 9 relation to ! consci5ce ( ! ,*ur*1 ! /amp ( reality & g5u95ess4 ,& t influ5ce ( ! temporalities to :i* we ref]1 & "u :i* ! controv]sy grew1 _h yet ano!r :olesome influ5ce4 ,x prev5t$ ! wr9kl+s ( new1 untri$ notions f ga!r+ mom5tum1 & ris+ into waves4 ,! great bill[s1 influ5tial 9 produc+ s mu*1 7 ! result ( anci5t1 well-te/$ realities3 !y _h roll$ d[nw>ds1 fully =m$1 z a portion ( ! great gr\nd-swell ( ! ,re=mation4 ,! ,head%ip ( ! adorable ,r$eem]--! spiritual indep5d5ce ( ! ,*ur*--! rights ( ! ,*ri/ian p3 ^! 7 n crot*ets bas$ on f\ndations ( bad metaphysics2 !y 7 vital1 all-important pr9ciples1 wor?y ( be+ ma9ta9$ & ass]t$ at any co/4 ,x is inde$ wond]ful h[ entirely1 imm$iately previ\s to ! ,disruption1 ! ,*ur* ( ,scotl& assum$ all ! l9eam5ts ( h] =m] self1 z %e exi/$ 9 ! days ( ,knox & 8 bre?r54 ,once m1 aft] ! lapse ( _m ye>s1 %e /ood on broad anti-patronage gr\nd4 ,once m1 aft] hav+ be5 swaddl$ up = an age 9 ! n>r[ exclusiv5ess ( ! ,act ( #agii1 t _h plac$ h] 9 a /ate ( non-communion ) ! :ole ,*ri/ian _w1 %e occupi$1 ?r\gh its repeal1 ! truly lib]al position ) reg>d to ! o!r evangeli/ic *ur*es ( h] e>ly fa!rs4 ,once m h] discipl9e1 awak5$ f its long slumb]1 _h become effici5t1 z 9 h] be/ days1 = e purpose ( purity4 ,%e _h become1 on ! eve ( h] dise/abli%m5t1 aft] _m an int]v5+ metamorphosis1 exactly1 9 "* & l9eam5t1 ! ,*ur* :i* _h be5 e/abli%$ by ! ,/ate ne>ly ?ree c5turies be=e4 ,%e w5t out z %e _h come 94 ,!re 0 a peculi> sobriety1 too1 9 all h] act+s4 ,h] suff]+s & sacrifices 7 direct consequ5ts ( ! invasion ( h] prov9ce by ! civil magi/rate4 ,b %e did n on t acc\nt cease to recognise ! magi/rate 9 8 own prop] walk z ! m9i/] ( ,god4 ,h] aggriev$ memb]s nev] once =got t !y 7 ,scot*m5 & ,britons z c]ta9ly z ,presbyt]ians1 & t !y _h a c\ntry z c]ta9ly z a ,*ur* to :i* !y ow$ s]vice1 & :i* x 0 unequivocally _! duty to def5d4 ,!y retreat$ f ! ,e/abli%m5t1 & gave up all its advantages :5 ! po/ _h become s unt5able t ^! c\ld be no long] reta9$ ) hon\r--or we %\ld p]haps r say1 reta9$ compatibly ) "r pr9ciple2 b !y did n 9 :olesale desp]ation give up o!r po/s :i* c\ld /ill be consci5ti\sly ma9ta9$4 ,! educational e/abli%m5t ( ! c\ntry1 = in/ance1 0 n ab&on$1 ?\gh ! ecclesia/ical "o 04 ,! ,pr9cipal ( ! ,unit$ ,college ( ,sa9t ,salvador & ,sa9t ,leon>d's sign$ ! ,de$ ( ,demission 9 8 capacity z an eld] ( ! ,*ur*1 b 9 8 capacity ( ,pr9cipal he return$ to 8 ,college1 & 9 t po/ f\ght :at 0 virtually ! battle ( 8 c\ntry1 & f\ght x s bravely & well t he is ,pr9cipal ( ! ,college /ill4 ,& ! p>i% s*oolma/]s :o adh]$ to ! ,free ,*ur* f\ght an exactly simil> battle1 ?\gh un=tunately ) a less happy issue2 b t issue gives at lea/ prom95ce to ! fact t !y did n resign _! *>ges1 b 7 ?ru/ f !m4 ,! o!r function>ies ( ! ,assembly1 un9flu5c$ by any wild ,cam]onian notion1 held by _! v>i\s secul> (fices1 civil & milit>y4 ,soldi]s reta9$ _! commissions--magi/rates _! seats on ! b5*--memb]s ( ,p>liam5t _! repres5tative /atus4 ,nor did a s+le memb] ( ! ,prote/+ ,*ur* possess$ ( ! fran*ise resign1 9 consequ5ce ( ! ,disruption1 a s+le political "r or privilege4 ,! entire transaction bore1 we repeat1 ! /amp ( p]fect sobriety4 ,x 0 9 all its details ! act ( m5 9 _! "r m9ds4 ,n[ ! pr9ciples held by ! ,*ur* at ! ,disruption1 & none o!r1 :e!r ,volunt>y or ,cam]onian1 are ! pr9ciples ( ! ,free ,*ur*4 ,a p[]ful majority 9 a ,presbyt]ian body1 or 9 a c\ntry possess$ ( a repres5tative gov]nm5t1 are ve/$ 9 at lea/ ! p[] ( mak+ :atev] laws !y w to make1 = n only !mselves1 b = ! m9ority also4 ,b p[] is n "r2 & we w\ld at once "q ! "r ( ev5 a prepond]at+ majority 9 a ,*ur* su* z ours to introduce new pr9ciples into h] framework1 & to impose !m on ! m9ority4 ,we "q1 on ?is pr9ciple1 ! "r ( t act ( discipl9e :i* 0 ex]cis$ 9 ! pres5t c5tury by a prepond]at+ majority ( ! ,antiburgh] body 9 ,scotl&1 :5 !y depos$ & excommunicat$ ! late ,dr4 ,m',crie = ! ecclesia/ical (f5ce ( hold+ 9 e p>ticul> by ! orig9al t5ets ( ! fa!rs ( ! ,secession4 ,! ov]t act 9 ! case manife/$ _! p[]1 b ! v>i\s attempts made to manife/ _! "r we reg>d z m]e abortions4 ,!y _h no "r to d :at !y did4 ,! que/ions on :i* ! majority diff]$ f _! fa!rs ought 9 ju/ice1 in/ead ( be+ made a subject ( legislation1 to be left an op5 "q4 ,& we hold1 on a simil> pr9ciple1 t :atev] que/ions ( conduct or polity may arise 9 ! ,free ,*ur*1 :i*1 ?\gh new to x1 yet come to be adopt$ by a majority1 %\ld be left op5 que/ions also4 ,( c\rse1 ( novelties 9 doctr9e we d n speak1--we tru/ t )9 ! ,free ,*ur* none su* w ev] arise2 we ref] r to ^? semi-metaphysical po9ts ( casui/ry1 & nice que/ions ( conduct1 9 :i* ! diff]5ces t p]plex non-e/abli%$ ,*ur*es are mo/ liable to orig9ate1--matt]s 9 :i* "o man sees aft] "o way1 & ano!r man aft] ano!r1--& :i*1 until heap$ up into importance1 wave-l1 z if by ! w9d1 p]ta9 n to ! prov9ce ( solid demon/rable tru?1 b to ! prov9ce ( loose fluctuat+ op9ion4 ,& be x rem>k$1 t non-e/abli%$ ,*ur*es are v apt to be di/urb$ by su* que/ions4 ,!y are 9 circum/ances 9 :i* ! ripple passes into ! wavelet1 & ! wavelet into ! bill[4 ,on ?is head1 z on all o!rs1 !re is great value 9 ! tea*+s ( hi/ory2 & ! ,free ,*ur* might be worse employ$ ?an 9 occasionally conn+ ! lesson4 ,ea* fifty ye>s ( ! la/ c5tury & half has be5 m>k$ by its own special que/ions ( ! k9d among ! non-e/abli%$ ,*ur*es ( ,scotl&4 ,! "q ( ! la/ fifty ye>s has be5 t ,volunt>y "o :i* virtually l$ to ! /rik+ (f ! roll ( ! ,antiburgh] ,secession ,*ur*1 ^? prote/+ m9i/]s :o =m$ ! nucleus ( ! ,orig9al ,secession1 & to ! excommunication & deposition ( ,dr4 ,m',crie4 ,! "q ( ! prec$+ fifty ye>s 0 t connect$ ) ! burghal oa?1 :i* _h ! effect ( splitt+ into two antagoni/ sections ! religi\s body ( :i* ! ,burgh] ,secession =m$ b "o ( ! fragm5ts1--a body fa/ ris+ at ! "t into a position ( importance1 :i* ! split prev5t$ x f ev] fully realiz+4 ,! "q ( ! fifty ye>s ) :i* ! p]iod began 0 t :i* fix$ ! ,cam]onian body1 n m]ely 9 a condition ( unsocial seclusion 9 its relation ) all o!r *ur*es1 b ev5 deta*$ x f its allegiance to ! ,/ate1 & plac$ x 9 circum/ances ( positive rebellion4 ,p]haps ! hi/ory ( ?is latt] body1 z embodi$ 9 its old] te/imony1 & ! controv]sial writ+s ( its ,fairlys & ,?orburns1 is t f ! /udy ( :i* ! ,free ,*ur* might d]ive mo/ pr(it at ! pres5t "t4 ,we live 9 s late an age ( ! _w1 t we h little *ance ( f9d+ mu* :i* is positively new 9 ! writ+s or spee*es ( our casui/s4 ,:5 we detect1 9 consequ5ce1 "s ( our m9i/]s or (fice-be>]s sport+ pr9ciples t d n di/9ctively belong to ! ,*ur* ( ! ,disruption1 we may be pretty sure1 if we b se>* well1 ( discov]+ ^! pr9ciples exi/+ z ! di/9ctive t5ets ( "s o!r ,*ur*2 & ! pres5t t5d5cy ( a mo/ small b mo/ respectable m9ority 9 our body is decid$ly ,cam]onian4 ,! passages ( ,scripture on :i* ! ,cam]onians *iefly dwelt 9 _! te/imony & controv]sial writ+s1 7 ^? discuss$ by ! ,free ,presbyt]y ( ,ed9burgh on ,w$nesday la/4 ,z condemnatory ( :at is designat$ ! great national s9 ( ! ,union1 = in/ance1 ! te/imony adduces1 among o!r texts1 ,isa4 viii4 #ab1 ',say ye n1 ,a conf$]acy1 to all !m to :om ?is p %all say1 ,a conf$]acy2' ,hos4 vii4 #h1 #i1 ',ephraim ha? mix$ himself among ! p2 ,ephraim is a cake n turn$4 ,/rang]s h dev\r$ 8 /r5g?1 & he kn[e? x n2 yea1 grey hairs are "h & !re ^u him1 & he kn[e? x n2' & above all1 #b ,cor4 vi4 #ad1 #ae1 ',be ye n unequally yok$ toge!r ) unbeliev]s2 = :at fell[%ip ha? righte\sness ) unrighte\sness1 & :at communion ha? light ) d>kness1 & :at concord ha? ,*ri/ ) ,belial1 or :at "p ha? he t believe? ) an infidel8' ,& let ! read] m>k h[ logically ^! ,scriptures are appli$4 ',all associations & conf$]acies ) ! enemies ( true religion & godl9ess1' says ! ,te/imony1 'are ?us expressly condemn$ 9 ,scripture1 & repres5t$ z dang]\s to ! true ,israel ( ,god4 ,& if simple conf$]acies ) malignants & enemies to ! cause ( ,*ri/ are condemn$1 mu* m is an incorporation ) !m1 :i* is an embody+ ( two into "o1 & !re=e a /rait] conjunction4 ,&1 tak+ ! def9ition ( malignants giv5 by ! decl>ations ( bo? k+doms1 jo9$ 9 arms anno #afdc1 to be j1 :i* says1 ,su* z w\ld n take ! ,cov5ant 7 to be decl>$ to be public enemies to religion & _! c\ntry1 & t !y are to be c5sur$ & puni%$ z pr(ess$ adv]s>ies & malignants1 x _c be refus$ b t ! prelatic p>ty 9 ,engl& n[ jo9$ ) are su*4 ,fur!r1 by ?is incorporat+ union ?is nation is oblig$ to support ! idolatr\s ,*ur* ( ,engl&4' ,& ?us ! argum5t runs on irrefragable 9 its logic1 if we b grant ! premises4 ,b to :at1 we ask1 did x lead1 assi/$1 ( c\rse1 by o!r argum5ts ( a simil> "*1 9 ! body ) :om x orig9at$8 ,to _! )drawal1 f ! times ( ! ,revolution till n[1 f e national movem5t 9 ! cause ( ,*ri/ & ,8 gospel2 nay1 mo/ consi/5tly1 we mu/ add--= we h ev] fail$ to see ! s5se or logic ( act+ a public & political "p 9 our own or our neighb\r's behalf1 & decl9+ on pr9ciple to act x 9 behalf ( ,*ri/ianity or its in/itutions--n only h !y )drawn !mselves f all political ex]tion 9 behalf ( religion1 b 9 behalf ( _! c\ntry also4 ,a ,cam]onian hold+ firm by 8 pr9ciples ( non-incorporation ) idolat]s1 _c be a magi/rate nor a memb] ( ,p>liam5t2 he _c vote 9 an election1 nor s]ve 9 ! army4 ,x is "o ( ! gr& evils ( que/ions ( casui/ry ( ?is k9d1 t m51 in/ead ( look+ at ?+s & e/imat+ !m z !y really exi/1 are cont5t$ to play games at logic--*opp+ ) b ! imp]fect signs ( ?+s--m]e v]bal c\nt]s1 twi/$ f _! orig9al mean+s by ! influ5ce ( delusive metaphors & false associations4 ,let u j see1 9 ref]5ce n to m]e words1 b to ?+s1 :at c be truly meant by ! t]ms 'apo/ate or apo/atiz+ ,gov]nm5t1' z appli$ to ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,great ,brita94 ,! words c h ( c\rse no j application1 9 a p]sonal be>+1 to pres5t memb]s ( ,gov]nm5t1 z di/+ui%$ f ! memb]s ( previ\s ,gov]nm5ts1 see+ t ! function>ies n[ 9 (fice are j z mu*1 or r z little religi\s1 z any o!r function>ies 9 (fice s9ce ! times ( ! ,revolution or be=e4 ,9 a p]sonal s5se1 ,engl&'s la/ religi\s gov]nm5t 0 t ( ,cromwell4 ,! t]m apo/ate1 or apo/atiz+1 c h only an (ficial mean+4 ,:at1 !n1 9 its (ficial mean+1 does x 9 reality express8 ,! gov]nm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,k+dom is repres5tative2 & x is "o ( ! great bless+s :i* we enjoy z citiz5s t x is s1--"o ( ^? bless+s = :i* we may n[1 z :5 we 7 y\ng]1 express ourselves ?ankful 9 ! words ( hone/ ,isaac ,watts1 't we 7 born on ,briti% gr\nd4' ,at any rate1 ?is fact ( repres5tation is a fact--a ?+1 n a m]e ^w4 ,!re is ano!r fact 9 ! case equally solid & c]ta94 ,?is repres5tation ( ! empire is bas$ on a population ( ab\t tw5ty-six millions ( p2 twelve millions ( :om are ,episcopalian1 eight millions ,roman ,ca?olic1 ?ree millions ,presbyt]ian1 & ?ree millions m divid$ among ! v>i\s o!r ,prote/ant sects ( ! c\ntry4 ,& ?is also is a fact--a ?+1 n a m]e ^w4 ,9 ! good provid5ce ( ,god we 7 born ! citiz5s ( an empire ?us repres5tative 9 its gov]nm5t1 & ?us ecclesia/ically con/itut$ 9 its population4 ,& x w\ld be a fur!r fact consequ5t on ! o!r two1 t ! aggregate "* ( ! ,gov]nm5t w\ld repres5t ! aggregate moral & ecclesia/ical "* ( ! p1 7 e di/9ct portion into :i* ! p are p>cell$ to ex]t itself 9 proportion to its %>e ( political influ5ce4 ,b f ! yet fur!r fact1 t ! portions h n always ex]t$ !mselves 9 equal ratios1 & f o!r causes1 political & provid5tial1 ! "* ( ! ,gov]nm5t has consid]ably fluctuat$--n[ repres5t+ "o portion m 9 proportion to its am\nt ?an its m]e bulk w>rant$1 anon ano!r4 ,?us1 9 ! days ( ! ,commonweal?1 :at are n[ ! six million ,presbyt]ians & ,indep5d5ts1 etc41 _h a ,briti% ,gov]nm5t :olly repres5tative ( !mselves2 :ile :at are n[ ! twelve million ,episcopalians & ! eight million ,papi/s _h none4 ,engl& at ! "t produc$ "o ( ^? m51 ( a type surpass+ly great1 t ! _w fails to see once 9 c5turies2 &1 l ,br5nus ( old1 he flung 8 sword into ! light] scale1 & x /raightway outweigh$ ! o!r4 ,!re !n ensu$ a p]iod ( tw5ty-eight ye>s1 9 :i* ,gov]nm5t repres5t$ only ! ,episcopalians & ,papi/s3 & !n a p]iod ( a hundr$ & =ty ye>s m1 9 :i* x repres5t$ only ! ,episcopalians & ,presbyt]ians4 ,& n[--= ,pop]y1 gr[+ /rong 9 ! int]val1 _h be5 us+ all appliances 9 its own behalf1 & _h n be5 met 9 ! prop] spiritual field--x repres5ts ,episcopacy1 ,roman ,ca?olicism1 & a m9ute1 un9flu5tial portion ( ! ,presbyt]ian & o!r evangeli/ic bodies4 ,b h[1 x may be ask$1 has ?is result tak5 place8 ,h[ is x only a moiety ( ^! bodies t is repres5t$8 ,ma9ly1 we unhesitat+ly reply1 ?r\gh ! influ5ce ex]t$ by c]ta9 crot*ets ent]ta9$ by ! bodies !mselves on _! political /&+4 ,:5 ,gov]nm5t at ! ,revolution1 in/ead ( be+ z =m]ly repres5tative ( ,episcopacy & ,pop]y1 became repres5tative ( ,episcopacy & ,presbyt]y1 ,cam]onianism broke (f1 on ! plea t ! gov]n+ p[] ought to be repres5tative ( ,presbyt]y only1 & t x 0 apo/ate because x 0 n2 & ! political influ5ce ( ! body has be5 ev] s9ce lo/ to ! ,prote/ant cause4 ,volunt>yism1 on ! o!r h&1 neutraliz$ its influ5ce1 by hold+ t1 ?\gh q at fre$om to ex]t itself 9 ! political walk 9 atta9+ secul> objects1 religi\s objects are 9 t walk unatta9able1 or at lea/ n to be atta9$2 & s x also has be5 virtually lo/ to ! ,prote/ant cause4 ,& n[ a cl\d l a man's h& arises 9 our own ,*ur*1 to ?reat5 a fur!r secession f ! ranks ( ! rema9+ class1 :o /rive to /amp ^u ! ,gov]nm5t1 ?r\gh ! op]ation ( ! repres5tative pr9ciple1 at lea/ a modicum ( ! evangeli/ic "*4 ,& all ?is is tak+ place 9 an age 9 :i* ! battle = ! integrity ( ! ,sabba? z a national in/itute1 & o!r simil> battles1 %all soon h to be decid$ on political gr\nd4 ,if 'apo/ate' or 'apo/atiz+' be at all prop] words 9 ref]5ce to ! ?+s :i* we h "h describ$1 :at1 we ask1 save ! want ei!r ( weight or ( ex]tion on ! "p ( ! repres5t$ bodies :o compla9 ( x1 c be prop]ly reg>d$ z ! cause ( t apo/asy8 ,a repres5tative ,gov]nm5t1 if ! repres5t$ be ,episcopalian1 w itself be (ficially ,episcopalian2 if ! repres5t$ be ,papi/1 x w itself be (ficially ,papi/2 if ! repres5t$ be ,presbyt]ian1 x w itself be (ficially ,presbyt]ian2 if compos$ ( all ?ree toge!r1 ! ,gov]nm5t w be> an aggregate av]age "*2 b if1 on "s crot*et1 ! ,presbyt]ians )draw f ! political field1 :ile ! o!rs ex]t !mselves 9 t field to ! utmo/1 x w be ,popi% & ,episcopalian exclusively4 ,b = a result s undesirable--a result :i*1 if ,presbyt]y _h be5 =m]ly 9 ! asc5dant1 might ( c\rse be call$ (ficial apo/asy--x w\ld be ! ,presbyt]ian con/itu5cy t w\ld be to blame1 n ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,x w be se5 t ?is view ( ! real /ate ( ?+s 0 t ( ,knox & ,*alm]s1 & t !y act$ 9 due accordance ) x4 ,we are told by ! y\ng] ,m',crie1 9 8 admirable ,sket*es ( ,scotti% ,*ur* ,hi/ory1 't ,knox & 8 bre?r51 p]ceiv+ t ! :ole ecclesia/ical prop]ty ( ! k+dom bade fair to be soon swall[$ up by ! rapacity ( ! nobles1 insi/$ t a consid]able portion ( x %\ld be res]v$ = ! support ( ! poor1 ! f\nd+ ( univ]sities & s*ools1 & ! ma9t5ance ( an effici5t m9i/ry ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry4 ,at la/1' cont9ues ! hi/orian1 'aft] great difficulty1 ! ,privy ,c\ncil came to ! det]m9ation t ! ecclesia/ical rev5ues %\ld be divid$ into ?ree p>ts1--t two ( !m %\ld be giv5 to ! eject$ prelates dur+ _! lives1 :i* aft]w>ds rev]t$ to ! nobility1 & t ! ?ird "p %\ld be divid$ betwe5 ! ,c\rt & ! ,prote/ant m9i/ry4' ',well1' exclaim$ ,knox on he>+ ( ?is arrangem5t1 'if ! end ( ?is ord] be happy1 my judgm5t fails me4 ,i see two p>ts freely giv5 to ! devil1 & ! ?ird mu/ be divid$ betwe5 ,god & ! devil4' ,/rong words ^!4 ,"h is a ,gov]nm5t1 accord+ to ,knox's own /atem5t ( ! case1 giv+ five-six?s to ! devil1 & b a rema9+ six? to ,god4 ,b does ,knox on t acc\nt refuse ,god's moiety8 ,does he set himself to reason metaphysically reg>d+ 8 degree ( responsibility = ei!r :at ! devil got1 or :at ! ,gov]nm5t gave ! devil4 ,n he4 ,he receiv$ ,god's "p1 & 9 apply+ x wisely & hone/ly to ,god's s]vice1 wi%$ x m2 b z = ! re/1 l a man ( broad /rong s5se z he assur$ly 01 he left ! devil & ! ,privy ,c\ncil to divide ! responsibility betwe5 !m4 ,& ! l>ge-m9d$ ,*alm]s ent]ta9$ exactly ! same views1--views :i*1 if n 9 ?or\gh h>mony ) ! idle fictions :i* dialecticians employ :5 !y treat ( ,gov]nm5ts1 at lea/ entirely accord ) ! real condition ( ?+s4 ,! (ficial "* ( a repres5tative ,legislature mu/1 z we h %[n1 resemble t ( ! con/itu5cy :i* x repres5ts4 ,9 ord] to alt] x p]man5tly = ! bett]1 x is ess5tially necess>y1 z a fir/ /ep 9 ! process1 t ! worse p>ts ( ! con/itu5cies on :i* x re/s be s alt]$4 ,n[1 = alt]+ con/itu5cies = ! bett]1 s*ools & *ur*es 7 ! ma*9]y ( ,knox & ( ,*alm]s2 & if ! funds = ! support ( ei!r came hone/ly to !m1 unclogg$ ) conditions unwor?y ( ! object1 !y at once receiv$ !m z giv5 on ,god's behalf1 h[ev] idolatr\sly ! giv]s--:e!r individuals or ,gov]nm5ts--might be employ+ money drawn f ! same purse 9 o!r directions4 ',ought ,i1' said ,*alm]s 9 ref]5ce to ! ,educational "q1 'ought ,i n to use1 on teetotal pr9ciples1 ! wat] ( ! public pump1 because ano!r man mixes x ) 8 toddy8' ,x 0 n because ,pop]y 0 e/abli%$ 9 ! colonies1 or seem$ 9 dang] ( be+ e/abli%$ 9 ,irel&1 t ! ,free ,*ur* resign$ its hold ( ! temporalities ( ! ,scotti% ,e/abli%m5t4 ,su* end[m5t1 in/ead ( =m+ an argum5t = resignation1 w\ld =m1 on ! contr>y1 an argum5t = keep+ fa/] hold1 9 behalf ( ,prote/antism1 ( ! =talice ( ! ,e/abli%m5t2 j z if an invad+ army _h possess$ itself ( ! ,ca/le ( ,dumb>ton1 ) ! /rongholds ( ,=t-,augu/us & ,=t-,william1 ! argum5t w\ld be all ! /rong] = ! national =ces def5d+ ) r5ew$ det]m9ation ! ,ca/les ( ,/irl+ & ( ,ed9burgh1 & ! magnific5t def5ces ( ,=t-,george4 ,febru>y #i1 #ahdh4 ,,*>act]i/ics ,,( ,,! ,,crimean ,,w>4 ,! w> n[ happily conclud$ 0 *>act]iz$ by "s v rem>kable features4 ,x 0 on ! "p ( ,brita9 ! w> ( a highly civilis$ c\ntry1 9 a pre-em95tly me*anical1 &1 ) all its faults1 s+ul>ly humane age1--9 an age1 too1 rem>kable = ! diffusion ( its lit]ature2 & h5ce c]ta9 conspicu\s traits :i* belong$ to none ( ! o!r w>s 9 :i* our c\ntry _h be5 previ\sly engag$4 ,nev] be=e did su* completely equipp$ fleets & armies quit our %ores4 ,! navies ) :i* we cov]$ ! ,black ,sea & ! ,baltic 7 n at all :at !y w\ld h be5 _h ! w> la/$ = "o o!r campaign1 b !y mightily exce$$ any?+ ( ! k9d t ,brita9 or ! _w _h ev] se5 be=e4 ,! fleets ( ,cop5hag51 ,trafalg>1 & ! ,nile w\ld h cut b a sorry figure beside !m1 & !re 0 m ( ! mat]iel ( w> conc5trat$ on t "o siege ( ,seba/opol ?an on any half-doz5 o!r sieges record$ 9 ,briti% hi/ory4 ,9 all t me*anical art c\ld accompli%1 ! late w> ) ,russia 0 by f> ! mo/ consid]able 9 :i* our c\ntry 0 ev] engag$4 ,x 01 9 respect ( mat]iel1 a w> ( ! _w's pre-em95tly me*anical p 9 ! _w's pre-em95tly me*anical age4 ,) ?is /rong lead+ feature1 h[ev]1 !re m+l$ ano!r1 equally m>k$1 9 :i* ! elem5t 0 weakness1 n /r5g?4 ,! m5 :o beat all ! _w 9 head+ p9s are unable (t5 to d any?+ else2 = usually1 9 proportion z me*anical skill becomes int5se1 does x also become n>r[2 & ! hi/ory ( ! two campaigns be=e ,seba/opol br\ght out v /rik+ly a c]ta9 helplessness on ! "p ( ! ,briti% army1 "p ( :i* at lea/ mu/ be attribut$ to ?is cause4 ,x is surely a rem>kable fact1 t 9 an army nev] m ?an sev5 miles remov$ f ! base l9e ( its op]ations1 ! di/ress suff]$ 0 s great1 t ne>ly five times ! numb] ( m5 sank "u x t p]i%$ 9 battle4 ,!re 0 no want among !m ( p9head+ & p9head$ m>t9ets4 ,! errors ( (fic]s su* z ,lucan & ,c>digan are und]/ood to be all on ! side ( sev]ity2 b 9 head+ _! p91 !y :olly exhau/ _! art2 & "u _! surveillance & direction a great army became a small "o1 ) ! sea cov]$ by a ,briti% fleet only a few miles away4 ,s f> z ! /ati/ics ( ! ,briti% portion ( ?is greate/ ( sieges h yet be5 asc]ta9$1 r m ?an ?ree ?\s& m5 p]i%$ 9 battle by ! %ot or /eel ( ! enemy1 or aft]w>ds ( _! w\nds1 & r m ?an fifte5 ?\s& m5 ( privation & disease4 ,z = ! poor soldi]s !mselves1 !y c\ld d b little 9 ev5 m fav\rable circum/ances "u ! p9head+ m>t9ets2 & yet at lea/ su* ( !m z 7 drawn f ! m ?or\ghly artificial di/ricts ( ! c\ntry mu/1 we suspect1 h f>$ all ! worse 9 consequ5ce ( t subdivision ( lab\r :i* has s mightily improv$ ! me*anical /&+ ( ,brita9 9 ! aggregate1 & s re/rict$ & l[]$ ! g5]al ability 9 individuals4 ,we _c help ?9k+ t an army ( backwoodsm5 ( ! pres5t day1 or ( ,scot* ,highl&]s m>k$ by ! prevail+ traits ( ! la/ c5tury1 w\ld h f>$ bett] & suff]$ less4 ,ano!r rem>kable feature ( ! w> arose out ( ! s+ul>ly ready & wond]fully diffus$ lit]ature ( ! day4 ,l ^? self-regi/]+ ma*9es t keep a /rict acc\nt ( _! own work+s1 x seem$ to be engag$1 z x w5t on1 9 writ+1 /age aft] /age1 its own hi/ory4 ,! act+ nev] got a s+le day ahead ( ! writ+1 & nev] a s+le week ahead ( ! publi%+2 &1 9 consequ5ce1 ! :ole civilis$ _w became ! int]e/$ witnesses ( :at 0 go+ on4 ,! w> became a great game at *ess1 ) a critical public look+ ov] ! %\ld]s ( ! play]s4 ,x 0 a peculi> feature1 too1 t ! public %\ld h be5 s critical4 ,z ! lit]ature ( a p becomes old1 x weak5s 9 ! p[] ( orig9at+1 & /r5g!ns 9 ! p[] ( criticis+4 ,reviews & critiques become ! ma/] ef=ts ( a le>n$ & +5i\s p1 ^: lit]ature has pass$ its full bl[2 & ! criticism ext5ds always1 9 c\ntries 9 :i* ! press is free f ! productions ( m5 :o write 9 _! closets1 to ! act+s ( m5 :o conduct ! political bus9ess ( ! c\ntry1 or :o direct its fleets & armies4 ,& ) reg>d to !m also x may be safely affirm$1 t ! critical ability ov]%oots & excels ! orig9at+ ability4 ,!re seems to h be5 no rem>kably good g5]al%ip manife/$ by ,brita9 9 ! ,crimea3 all ! lead+ g5]al%ip appe>s1 on ! contr>y1 to h be5 v m$iocre g5]al%ip inde$4 ,! common m5 & subord9ate (fic]s did _! duty nobly2 & !re h be5 su* spl5did examples ( skilful g5]al%ip 9 f\r? & fif?-rate comm&s--comm&s su* z t ( ,sir ,col9 ,campbell & ,sir ,george ,br[n--t x has be5 n unfrequ5tly ask$1 :e!r we _h 9 reality ! '"r m5 9 ! "r places1' & :e!r !re might n1 aft] all1 h be5 g5]al%ip en\gh 9 ! ,crimea _h x be5 b rightly arrang$4 ,b ! lead+ g5]al%ip 0 c]ta9ly n brilliant4 ,! criticism ^u x1 on ! o!r h&1 has be5 s+ul>ly s4 ,! ages ( ,m>lbor\gh & ,well+ton did n produce a ti! ( ! brilliant milit>y criticism :i* has appe>$ 9 ,engl& 9 newspap]s1 magaz9es1 & reviews dur+ ! la/ two ye>s4 ,& yet x is possible t1 _h ! v clev]e/ ( ^! critics be5 appo9t$ to ! *ief comm&1 he w\ld h got on z ill z any ( 8 pr$ecessors4 ,9 tru?1 ! p[] ( orig9at+ & ! p[] ( criticis+ are ess5tially diff]5t p[]s 9 ! worlds bo? ( ?\ght & ( action4 ,tal5t accumulates ! mat]ials ( criticism f ! exp]i5ce ( ! pa/2 & ?us1 z ! _w gets old]1 ! critical ability gr[s1 & becomes at l5g? =midably complete2--:]eas ! p[] ( orig9at+1 or1 :at is ! same ?+1 ( act+ wisely1 & on ! spur ( ! mom5t1 9 new & untri$ circum/ances1 is an incommunicable faculty1 :i* g5ius1 & g5ius only1 c possess4 ,& g5ius is z r>e n[ z x ev] 04 ,any man ( tal5t c be conv]t$1 by d9t ( /udy & pa9/ak+1 into a good milit>y critic2 b a ,well+ton or a ,napoleon _h z c]ta9ly to be born :at !y 71 z a ,dante or a ,milton4 ,b by f> ! mo/ pleas+ feature ( ! w>--( at lea/ ! "p tak5 9 x by ,brita9--is to be f\nd 9 t humanity1 ! be/ evid5ce ( a civilisation truly ,*ri/ian1 :i* has *>act]iz$ x 9 all its /ages4 ,g5]\s reg>d = ! safety & respect = ! feel+s ( a brave enemy1 :5 conqu]$1 h m>k$ our c\ntrym5 = c5turies4 ,b we owe x to ! peculi> philan?ropy ( ! "t1 t1 9 ! mid/ ( mu* (ficial neglect1 our own sick & w\nd$ soldi]s h be5 c>$ = aft] a fa%ion 9 :i* ,briti% soldi]s 7 nev] c>$ = be=e4 ,! 'lady nurses1' ) ,miss ,night+ale at _! head1 imp>t$ its mo/ di/9ctive "* to ! w>4 ,we h n[ be=e u a deeply int]e/+ volume1#a ! production ( "o ( ^! devot$ females1 a native ( ! nor? c\ntry1 or1 z %e 0 introduc$ by an old ,fr5* (fic] to "s ,z\aves1 h] fell[-pass5g]s to ! ,ea/1 :om %e _h wi%$ to see1 a true ',montagn>de de ,ecossaise4' ,! "n ( ! au?oress is n giv52 b x w1 we d>esay1 be recognis$ 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! 'capital ( ! ,highl&s' z t ( a delicately nurtur$ lady1 ! daught] ( a late di/+ui%$ physician1 well kn[n to ! nor? ( ! ,grampians z an able & upright man1 :o1 _h he n s s$ul\sly devot$ himself to ! pr(ession :i* he adorn$1 might h excell$ 9 almo/ any dep>tm5t ( sci5ce4 ,& 9 /rong s\nd s5se & g5ial feel+1 we f9d ! daught] wor?y ( su* a fa!r4 ,"s ( our m zeal\s ,prote/ants pr(ess$ at "o "t n a little al>m le/ ! lady nurses might be ,papi/s 9 disguise2 & c]ta9ly _! 'regulation dresses1' all cut aft] "o fa%ion1 & ( "o sombre hue1 did seem a little nun-l1 & p]haps r al>m+4 ,b ! foll[+ passage--:i*1 f ! amus+ mixture :i* x exhibits ( /rong good s5se & half-indignant womanly feel+1 our read]s w1 we are sure1 reli%--may s]ve to %[ t "s ( ! ladies :o wore ! que/ionable dress1 lik$ x q z ill z ! mo/ zeal\s memb] ( ! ,re=mation ,society c\ld h done1 & 7 v excell5t ,prote/ants "u its cov]4 ,! au?oress ( ! volume be=e u is a ,presbyt]ian2 & ! occasion ( ! foll[+ rem>ks 0 ! meet+ ( ! ,briti% ,consul at ,m>seilles1 & ! necessity t h]self & h] companions felt ( gett+ head-dresses = !mselves1 t c\ld be look$ at ere ent]ta9+ him at d9n]4 ',p]haps x may be ?\ght1' says our au?oress1 't all ?is solicitude ab\t our caps 0 unsuitable 9 p]sons go+ out z :at is call$ ,si/]s ( ,m]cy2 b ,i mu/ once = all say t1 z f> z ,i 0 conc]n$1 ,i nei!r pr(ess$ to be a ,si/] ( ,*>ity1 a ,si/] ( ,m]cy1 nor any?+ ( ! k9d4 ,i 01 z ,i told a poiss>de ( ,b\logne1 a ,briti% woman :o _h little to d at home1 & wi%$ to help our poor soldi]s1 if ,i c\ld1 abroad4 ,! reason giv5 to me = ! peculi>ity & uni=mity ( our dress 01 t ! soldi]s might "k & respect _! nurses4 ,x seems a s5sible reason1 & "o :i* ,i c\ld n object to1 ev5 dislik+1 z ,i did1 all peculi>ity ( attire t seem$ to adv]tise ! nurses only z s]v+ ,god1 or s]v+ ,him pre-em95tly1 & ?us convey+ a tacit reproa* to ! re/ ( ! _w2 = ! obligation lies on all ! same4 ,i did n feel !n1 nor d ,i n[1 t we 7 do+ any?+ bett] or m praisewor?y ?an is done 9 a quiet1 uno/5tati\s way at home e day4 ,on ! contr>y1 to _m temp]am5ts1 my own among ! numb]1 x is f> less difficult to engage 9 a new & excit+ "w l ! "o we 7 !n ent]+ on !re1 ?an to pursue ! unev5tful monotony ( daily do+ good at home4 ,z = ! dress itself1 ,i h no?+ to say aga9/ x4 ,al?\gh n p]haps ( ! mat]ial or texture ,i %\ld h pref]r$1 /ill ! col\r1 grey1 0 "o ,i g5]ally wore f *oice4 ,b ,i mu/ confess1 t :5 ,i f\nd myself re/rict$ to x1 )\t :at seem$ a good reason1 an int5se desire = blue1 gre51 r$1 & yell[1 ) all _! comb9ations1 took possession ( me2 ?\gh1 n[ t ,i may we> :at ,i please1 ,i f9d my =m] fav\r = grey has return$ 9 full =ce4 ,h[ev]1 all[+ t x 0 desirable we %\ld h _h "s uni=m co/ume1 x c]ta9ly 0 unnecess>y t ladies1 nurses1 & wa%]wom5 %\ld h be5 dress$ alike1 z we 74 ,t 0 "p ( ! mi/ake ,i h already adv]t$ to1 & 0 productive ( confusion & bad feel+4' ,despite ( ! uni=m dresses1 h[ev]1 ! sick & w\nd$ soldi]s soon le>n$ to di/+ui% betwe5 ! paid nurses & ! ladies :o _h left _! com=table ,briti% homes to lavi% ^u !m _! gratuit\s1 priceless lab\rs4 99 99 99 99 99 ,!re is no assumption 9 ?is volume4 ,its au?oress writes z if %e _h done only h] duty1 & z if ! task _h n be5 an exce$+ly h>d or difficult "o2 b ! simple facts relat$ %[ h[ v mu* 0 accompli%$ & endur$4 ,e *apt] ju/ifies ! judgm5t pron\nc$ by ! tall ,iri% s]geant4 ,?is lady nurse is a 'real f9e woman1'--a noble specim5 ( ! class ^: dis9t]e/$ & self-sacrific+ ex]tions gave to ! late w> its mo/ di/9ctive & brilliant feature4 ,! brav]y ( ,briti% m5 _h be5 long e/abli%$2 ! sup]add$ trait is ! h]oism ( ,briti% wom54 ,9 :at circum/ances ( p]il & suff]+ t h]oism 0 ex]t$1 ! foll[+ extract1 ) :i* we conclude1 may s]ve to %[4 ,x is ! fun]al ( "o ( ! lady nurses1 :o sank "u an attack ( malignant fev]1 t ! foll[+ /rik+ passage records3-- ',! ,prote/ant burial-gr\nd is a dismal-look+1 neglect$ spot4 ,x 0 *os5 f an idea t ,drusilla's fri5ds at home might pref] x to ! op5 hill :]e ! soldi]s lay2 b if !re _h be5 "t = consid]ation & inspection1 x w\ld h be5 o!rwise arrang$3 = ! appe>ance ( ! place /ruck a *ill to our he>ts--x look$ s d>k & dre>y1 ) ! grass m ?an a foot high1 & ! we$s t[]+ above x2 & f its be+ close to ! bay1 & ! por\s nature ( ! soil1 ! grave :i* _h be5 dug on ! =5oon 0 almo/ fill$ by wat]2 & on ! words1 ,=asmu* z x ha? pleas$ ,almighty ,god1 we he>d ! c(f9 spla% into ! half-full grave4 ,!re 0 a g5]al regret aft]w>ds t ?is burial-gr\nd _h be5 *os51 b poor ,drusilla w n sleep ! less s\ndly2 & we all agre$1 on leav+ h] grave1 t :oev] ( u 0 next call$ to die1 %\ld be buri$ on ! hill1 9 ! spot allott$ to ! poor soldi]s1 op5 & unprotect$ z x 04 ,dea? seem$ v ne> to u !n2 we _h already lo/ two ord]lies1 & _m ( ! nurses 7 ly+ at ! gates ( dea?4 ,miss ,a---- _h made an almo/ miracul\s escape1 & 0 n yet out ( dang] f relapse4 ,! fir/ gap _h be5 made 9 our imm$iate p>ty1 & :o ( u c\ld tell :e!r %e h]self 0 n to be ! next8 ',! ev5+ 0 fa/ clos+ z we return$1 "s 9 caiques1 & o!rs walk+ solemnly & sadly2 =1 besides ! feel+s naturally att5d+ su* a sc5e1 we all regrett$ poor ,drusilla1 :o1 al?\gh %e _h n be5 long among u1 0 s oblig+ & anxi\s to be ( use4 ,%e 0 a good-look+ "y woman1 & imm$iately on h] arrival _h become ! object ( attraction to "o ( ! cl]ks1 ^: att5tions1 h[ev]1 %e mo/ /eadily decl9$4 ,he /ill p]si/$ 9 %[+ ! mo/ extraord9>y atta*m5t to h]1 & dur+ h] illness 0 9 su* a /ate ( excitem5t & di/ress z to be utt]ly incapacitat$ = att5d+ to 8 duties prop]ly4 ,he us$ to sit on ! /airs lead+ to h] room1 9 ! hopes ( see+ "s "o :o c\ld tell him h[ %e 01 & w5t p]petually to ! passage outside h] room1 entreat+ ( ! ,misses ,le ,m----1 :o g5]ally sat up ) h]1 to let him 9 to see h]4 ,?is !y refus$ till ! night ( h] dea?1 :5 %e 0 q ins5sible1 & pa/ all hope ( recov]y2 s t 8 visit c\ld d h] no h>m4 ,he /ay$ a few m9utes1 & look$ 8 la/ on h]2 = 9 ! morn+ at sev5 o'clock %e di$4 ,i %all nev] =get 8 face :5 he came to my /ore-room1 9 accordance ) 8 duty1 to correct "s inaccuracy 9 ! diet-roll4 ,he seem$ utt]ly bewild]$ ) sorr[2 & ,miss ,s----1 :o _h also occasion to speak to him1 said %e nev] saw grief s /rongly m>k$ 9 a human face4 ,he insi/$ on foll[+ h] rema9s to ! grave z *ief m\rn]1 & we>i$ himself ) c>ry+ ! c(f94 ,no "o int]f]$ ) him2 = all seem$ to ?9k he _h acquir$ ! "r1 by 8 unmi/akeable affection1 to p]=m ^! sad (fices2 & ! lady sup]9t5d5t1 mov$ by 8 sorr[1 all[$ him to reta9 a r+ ( "s small value :i* ! deceas$ _h be5 accu/om$ to we>4' ,june #ad1 #ahef4 ----- #a ,isme]1 or ,smyrna & its ,briti% ,hospital 9 #ahee4 ,by a ,lady4 ,london3 ,james ,madd]1 #h1 ,lead5hall ,/reet4 ,,! ,,poets ,,( ,,! ,,*ur*4 ,x is n un9t]e/+ to m>k ! rise & progress ( c]ta9 bran*es ( poetry & ! belles lettres 9 _! connection ) sects & ,*ur*es4 ,!y =m te/s by :i* at lea/ ! ta/e & lit]>y /&+ ( ^! bodies c be det]m9$2 & ! degree ( success ) :i* !y are cultivat$ )9 ! same ,*ur*1 9 diff]5t ages1 ?r[s at times v /rik+ lights on its condition & hi/ory4 ,"o :olly unacqua9t$ ) ! record$ annals ( ! ,*ur* ( ,scotl& might safely inf]1 f its lit]ature alone1 t x f>$ mu* m h>dly 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury1 dur+ :i* ! lit]ature ( ,engl& rose to its highe/ pit* ( gr&eur1 ?an 9 ! previ\s sixte5?1 9 :i* its ,knoxes1 ,bu*anans1 & ,&rew ,melvilles fl\ri%$2 & fur!r1 t its eighte5? c5tury 01 on ! :ole1 a quiet & tranquil "t1 9 :i* ev5 m$iocrity _h leisure af=d$ x to develope itself 9 its full proportions4 ,lit]ature is n ! prop] bus9ess ( ,*ur*es2 b x is a means1 ?\gh n an end4 ,& x w be f\nd t all ! bett] ,*ur*es h be5 z lit]>y z !y c\ld2 & t1 if at any "t ! lit]ature has be5 defective1 x has be5 r _! circum/ances t 7 unpropiti\s1 ?an !mselves t 7 9 fault4 ,_! enemies h delight$ to repres5t ! case diff]5tly4 ,our read]s mu/ rememb] ! fam\s in/ance 9 ,old ,mortality1 s happily expos$ by ! eld] ,m',crie1 9 :i* ,sir ,walt]1 :5 he makes 8 ,s]geant ,bo?well a writ] ( v]ses1 introduces ,burley z peculi>ly a v]se-hat]1 & 'puts into 8 m\? t condemnation ( elegant pursuits :i* he imputes to ! :ole p>ty2' 'ov]look+ or suppress+ ! fact1' says ! ,doctor1 't !re 0 at t v "t 9 ! camp ( ! ,cov5ant]s a man :o1 besides 8 o!r accompli%m5ts1 0 a poet sup]ior to any on ! opposite side4' ,x is equally a fact1 h[ev]1 & %[s h[ ?or\ghly ! m9d ( ev5 a highly intellectual p may be pro/rat$ by a long c\rse ( tyranny & p]secution1 t ,scotl& _h prop]ly no lit]ature aft] ! ext9ction ( its old classical s*ool 9 ! p]son ( ,drummond ( ,haw?ornd51 until ! rise ( ,?omson4 ,! age 9 ,engl& ( ,milton & ( ,c[ley1 ( ,otway1 ( ,wall]1 ( ,butl]1 ( ,dryd51 & ( ,d5ham1 0 9 ,scotl& an age )\t a poet vigor\s en\gh to survive 9 8 writ+s 8 own g5]ation4 ,= ev5 ! great] "p ( ! popul> v]sion ( its ,psalms1 our ,*ur* 0 indebt$ to ! ,engli% lawy] ,r\s4 ,"h & !re we may f9d 9 x ! rema9s ( an e>li] & m classical "t3 its v]sion ( ! hundr$? ,psalm1 = in/ance1 ) its qua9tly-turn$ b /ately octo-syllabic /anzas1 0 writt5 ne>ly a hundr$ ye>s e>li] ?an mo/ ( ! o!rs1 by ,william ,kei?1 a ,scotti% contempor>y ( ,beza & ,bu*anan1 & "o ( ! translators ( ! ,g5eva ,bible4 ,b we f9d little else t is ,scot* 9 x2 ! ,*ur* to :i*1 9 ! previ\s age1 ! au?or ( ! mo/ elegant v]sion ( ! ,psalms ev] giv5 to ! _w _h belong$1 _h n[--not)/&+ ! ex]tions ( its ,za*>y ,boyds--to import its poetry4 ,9 ! foll[+ c5tury1 ! ,*ur* %>$ 9 ! g5]al lit]ature ( ! "t4 ,%e miss$1 & b b>ely miss$1 hav+ "o ( its greate/ poets to h]self--! poet ,?omson--:o at lea/ c>ri$ on 8 /udies s f> ) a view to h] m9i/ry1 z to comm5ce deliv]+ 8 probation>y disc\rses4 ,we fe>1 h[ev]1 he w\ld h made b an indol5t m9i/]2 & t1 ?\gh 8 occasional s]mons1 judg+ f ! hymn :i* concludes ! ,seasons1 might h be5 s+ul>ly f9e ones1 !y w\ld h be5 m>vell\sly few1 & v (t5 repeat$4 ,! greate/ poet t did actually arise )9 ! ,*ur* dur+ ! c5tury 0 ,?omson's contempor>y1 ,rob]t ,blair1--a man :o 0 n an idle m9i/]1 & :o1 unlike 8 c\s9 ,hugh1 belong$ to ! evangelical side4 ,! au?or ( ! ,grave 0 "o ( ! bosom fri5ds ( ,colonel ,g>d9]1 & a valu$ correspond5t ( ,doddridge & ,watts4 ,curi\sly en\gh1 ?\gh ! great m]it ( 8 piece has be5 ackn[l$g$ by critics su* z ,s\!y1 x has be5 reg>d$ z an imitation ( ! ,night ,?\ghts ( ,"y4 ',blair's ,grave1' says ,s\!y 9 8 ,life ( ,c[p]1 'is ! only poem ,i c call to m9d :i* has be5 compos$ 9 imitation ( ! ,night ,?\ghts2' & ?\gh ,campbell himself /e]$ cle> ( ! error1 we f9d x introduc$ 9 a note1 z supplem5t>y to ! in=mation reg>d+ ,blair giv5 9 8 ,essay on ,engli% ,poetry by 8 editor1 ,mr4 ,cunn+ham4 ,x is demon/rable1 h[ev]1 t ! ,scot*man c\ld n h be5 ! imitator4 ,z %[n by a lett] 9 ! ,doddridge collection1 :i* be>s date m ?an a twelvemon? previ\s to t ( ! publication ( ev5 ! fir/ book ( ! ,night ,?\ghts1 ,blair1 aft] /at+ t 8 poem1 !n 9 ! h&s ( ,isaac ,watts1 _h be5 (f]$ )\t success to two ,london publi%]s1 /ates fur!r1 t ! great] "p ( x _h be5 writt5 previ\s to ! ye> #agca1 ere he _h yet ent]$ ! m9i/ry2 :]eas ! fir/ book ( ,"y's poem 0 n publi%$ until ! ye> #agdd4 ,poetry su* z t ( ,blair is nev] ! result ( imitation3 its v]bal happ9esses are at lea/ z great z ^? ( ! ,night ,?\ghts !mselves1 & its p[] & e>ne/ness consid]ably great]4 ',! eighte5? c5tury1' says ,?omas ,campbell1 'has produc$ few specim5s ( blank v]se ( s p[]ful & simple a "* z t ( ! ,grave4 ,x is a popul> poem1 n m]ely because x is religi\s1 b because its language & imag]y are free1 natural1 & picturesque4 ,! late/ editor ( ! poets has1 ) s+ul>ly bad ta/e1 not$ "s ( ! au?or's mo/ n]v\s & expressive phrases z vulg>isms1 among :i* he reckons t ( fri5d%ip1 ! sold] ( society4 ,blair may be a homely1 & ev5 a gloomy poet1 9 ! eye ( fa/idi\s criticism2 b !re is a mascul9e & pron\nc$ "* ev5 9 8 gloom & homel9ess1 t keeps x mo/ di/9ctly ap>t f ei!r dulness or vulg>ity4 ,8 /yle pleases u l ! p[]ful expression ( a c\nt5ance )\t regul> beauty4' ,su* is ! judgm5t on ,blair--de/9$1 9 all appe>ance1 to be a f9al "o--( a writ] :o 0 at once ! mo/ ca?olic ( critics & ! mo/ poli%$ ( poets4 ,!re succe$$ to ! au?or ( ! ,grave1 a gr\p ( poets ( ! ,*ur*1 ( :om ! ,*ur* has n be5 greatly 9 ! habit ( boa/+4 ,( ,home1 by a curi\s *ance ! successor ( ,blair 9 8 p>i%1 little ne$ be said4 ,he produc$ "o good play & five enorm\sly bad ones2 & 8 connection ) ! ,*ur* 0 v mu* an accid5t1 & soon dissolv$4 ,blacklock1 too1 0 z mu* a curiosity z a poet2 &1 save = 8 bl9dness1 w\ld sc>ce h be5 v celebrat$ 9 ev5 8 own day4 ,nor 0 ,ogilvie1 ?\gh m fav\rably reg>d$ by ,johnson ?an mo/ ( 8 ,scotti% contempor>ies1 o!r ?an a m$iocre poet4 ,he is ! au?or1 h[ev]1 ( a v respectable p>aphrase--! sixty-second--( all 8 works ! "o t promises to live longe/2 & we f9d ! productions ( sev]al o!r poets ( ! ,*ur* simil>ly pres]v$1 ^: o!r writ+s h di$4 ,& yet ! gr\p ( ,scotti% lit]ati t produc$ our p>aphrases1 if look+ simply to lit]>y accompli%m5t--we d n dem& g5ius--mu/ be reg>d$ z a v rem>kable "o1 :5 we consid] t ! great] numb] ( ! individuals :i* compos$ x 7 all at "o "t ! m9i/]s ( a s+le ,*ur*1 & t "o ( ! smalle/4 ,we "k ( no ,*ur*1 ei!r 9 ,brita9 or else:]e1 t c\ld n[ comm& su* a committee z t :i* sat1 at ! bidd+ ( ! ,g5]al ,assembly1 consid]ably m ?an sixty ye>s ago1 to prep>e ! ',translations & ,p>aphrases4' ,( ! sixty-eight pieces ( :i* ! collection is compos$1 ?irty are ! "w ( ,scotti% m9i/]s2 & ! gr\ndwork ( mo/ ( ! o!rs1 furni%$ 9 l>ge "p by ! previ\sly exi/+ writ+s ( ,watts & ,doddridge1 has be5 greatly improv$1 9 at lea/ ! composition1 by ! em5dations ( ,morrison & ,logan4 ,) all its faults1 we "k ( no o!r collection equal to x z a :ole4 ,! m]etrici\s /anzas ( ,brady & ,tate are inanity itself 9 comp>ison4 ,true1 ! lat] ,blair1 ?\gh always s5sible1 0 (ttimes q heavy en\gh 9 ! pieces giv5 to him to r5d]--m s ?an 9 8 prose2 ?\gh1 ev5 :5 fir/ introduc$ to t1 ,c[p] c\ld exclaim1 n a little to ! *agr9 ( ^? :o reg>d$ x z p]fection ( writ+3 ',oh1 ! /]ility ( t man's fancy6 if1 inde$1 he has any su* faculty belong+ to him4 ,dr4 ,blair has su* a bra9 z ,%akespe>e some:]e describes1 dry z ! rema9d] biscuit aft] a voyage4' ,b ! fancy t ,blair want$1 poor ,logan _h2 & ! man :o too sev]ely criticises 8 fl[+ & elegant p>aphrases w\ld d well to bew>e ( ! memories ( 8 *ildr54 ,a poet ^: pieces _c be =gott5 may laugh at ! critics4 ,altoge!r1 our ',translations & ,p>aphrases' are highly cr$itable to ! lit]>y ta/e & ability ( ! ,*ur* dur+ ! latt] half ( ! la/ c5tury2 & x s]ves to %[ h[ v mu* matt]s *ang$ 9 ?is respect 9 ab\t =ty ye>s1 t :ile 9 ! e>li] p]iod ! m5 fitt$ = su* "w 7 all to be f\nd )9 ! pale ( ! ,*ur*'s m9i/ry1 at a lat] "t1 :5 ! late ,pr9cipal ,baird set himself1 ) ! sanction ( ! ,g5]al ,assembly1 to devise means = add+ to ! collection1 & = revis+ our metrical v]sion ( ! ,psalms1 he _h to look = assi/ance almo/ exclusively to poets outside ! prec9cts ( ev5 its memb]%ip4 ,& yet1 ev5 at ?is lat] "t1 ! ,*ur* _h its true poets--poets :o1 ?\gh1 accord+ to ,wordswor?1 !y 'want$ ! accompli%m5t ( v]se1' 7 ( l>g] calibre & great] dep? ?an _! pr$ecessors4 ,*alm]s _h already produc$ 8 ,a/ronomical ,disc\rses1 & poor ,edw>d ,irv+ _h begun to electrify 8 ,london audi5ces ) ! ri*ly antique imag9ation & fi]y f]v\r ( 8 s+ul>ly vigor\s orations4 ,/ew>t ( ,crom>ty1 too1 ?\gh b comp>atively little kn[n1 0 ris+1 9 8 quiet p>i% *ur*1 into flights ( g5u9e ?\gh unmeasur$ poetry1 ( an altitude to :i* m9or poets1 9 _! nicely r\nd$ /anzas1 nev] atta94 ,nor is ! race yet ext9ct4 ,jeffrey us$ to rem>k1 t he f\nd m true feel+ 9 ! prose ( ,j]emy ,taylor ?an 9 ! works ( all ! second-class ,briti% poets put toge!r2 & ^? :o w\ld n[ wi% to acqua9t !mselves ) ! high] & m _s-r\s+ poetry ( our ,*ur*1 w\ld h to seek x )9 e>%ot ( ! pulpits ( ,bruce1 ( ,gu?rie1 & ( ,james ,hamilton4 ,/ill1 h[ev]1 x ev] af=ds u pleasure to f9d x 9 ! m conv5tional =m ( classic & h>moni\s v]se4 ,a ,*ur* t possesses h] poets gives at lea/ e>ne/ 9 ! fact t %e is n fall+ b5ea? ! lit]ature ( h] age2 & mu* on ?is acc\nt1 b m1 we ?9k1 f _! great intr9sic m]it1 h we be5 gratifi$ by ! p]usal ( a volume ( poems :i* has j issu$ f ! press "u ! "n ( "o ( our y\ng] ,free ,*ur* m9i/]s1 ! ,rev4 ,james ,d4 ,burns4 ,we are greatly mi/ak5 if ,mr4 ,burns be n a g5u9e poet1 skill$1 z becomes a s*ol> & a /ud5t ( classic lore1 9 giv+ to 8 v]se ! true arti/ic =m1 b n ! less born to inh]it ! 'vision & ! faculty' :i* _c be acquir$4 ,mo/ m5 ( great tal5t h _! poetic age3 x is v mu* re/rict$1 h[ev]1 to ! fir/ five ye>s ( full bodily developm5t1 also p>ticul>ly !n a /]n] & m prosaic mood foll[s4 ,b recollections ( ! "t survive2 & x is ma9ly ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ^! recollections t 9 ! cold] p]iods ! feel+s & visions ( ! poets cont9ue to be appreciat$ & felt4 ,x 0 said ( ,?omson ! poet by ,samuel ,johnson1 t he c\ld n look at two c&les burn+ o!r ?an poetically4 ,! phrase 0 employ$ 9 conv]sation by old ,johnson2 b x mu/ h be5 ! exp]i5ce ( "y ,johnson1 d]iv$ f a "t long gone by1 t sugge/$ x4 ,x is *>act]i/ic ( ! poetic age1 t objects :i* 9 lat] life become commonplace 9 ! m9d1 are !n surr\nd$ z if by a halo ( poetic feel+4 ,! c&les 71 no d\bt1 an extreme illu/ration2 b !re is sc>ce any object 9 nature1 & !re are v few 9 art1 especially if e!realiz$ by ! adjuncts ( antiquity or association1 t are n capable ( be+ ?us1 z x 71 emba!d 9 s5tim5t4 ,) ! true poet1 ! ability ( inve/+ e object ) a poetic atmosph]e rema9s undim9i%$ ?r\gh\t life2 & we f9d x /rik+ly manife/$ 9 ! volume be=e u4 ,9 almo/ e l9e 9 "s ( ! pieces we f9d a di/9ct bit ( picture /eep$ 9 poetic feel+4 ,! foll[+ piece1 peculi>ly appropriate to ! pres5t "t1 we adduce z an illu/ration ( our mean+3-- ,,discov]y ,,( ,,! ,,nor?-,,we/ ,,passage4 ',/rait ( ,ill ,hope6 ?y froz5 lips at la/ ,unclose1 to tea* our seam5 h[ to sift ,a passage :]e blue iceb]gs cla% & drift1 ,& ! %ore loosely rattles 9 ! bla/4 ,we hold ! secret ?\ ha/ cl5*'d s fa/ ,= ages1--our be/ blood has e>n$ ! gift4-- ,blood spilt1 or ho>d$ up 9 pati5t ?rift1 ,?r\gh sunless mon?s 9 ceaseless p]il pass$4 ,b :at ( d>+ ,frankl98 :o may "k ,! pangs t wrung t he>t s pr\d & brave1 ,9 secret wre/l+ ) its deadly woe1 ,& no k9d voice to rea* him o'er ! wave8 ,n[ he sleeps fa/ b5ea? 8 %r\d ( sn[1 ,& ! cold pole-/> only kn[s 8 grave4 ',alone1 on "s %>p cliff1 ,i see him /ra91 ,o'er ! :ite wa/e1 8 ke51 sagaci\s eye1 ,or scan ! signs ( ! sn[-muffl$ sky1 ,9 hope ( quick deliv]ance--b 9 va92 ,!n1 f>+ to 8 icy t5t aga91 ,to *e] 8 mates ) a famili> smile1 ,& talk ( home & k9sfolk to beguile ,sl[ h\rs :i* freeze ! blood & numb ! bra94 ,long let our h]o's memory be en%r9$ ,9 all true ,briti% he>ts6 ,he calmly /ood ,9 dang]'s =emo/ rank1 nor look$ beh9d4 ,he did 8 "w1 n ) ! fev]'d blood ,( battle1 b ) h>d-tri$ =titude2 ,9 p]il dauntless1 & 9 dea? resign$4 ',despond n1 ,brita96 ,%\ld ?is sacr$ hold ,( fre$om1 /ill inviolate1 be assail$1 ,! high1 unbl5*+ _s :i* prevail$ ,9 anci5t days1 is nei!r dead nor cold4 ,m5 are /ill 9 !e ( h]oic m\ld-- ,m5 :om ?y gr& old sea-k+s w\ld h hail$ ,z wor?y pe]s1 invuln]ably mail$1 ,because by ,duty's /]ne/ law controll$4 ,?\ yet wilt rise & s5d abroad ?y voice ,among ! nations battl+ = ! "r1 ,9 ! unru/$ arm\r ( ?y y\?2 ,& ! oppress$ %all he> x & rejoice3 ,= on ?y side is ! resi/less might ,( ,fre$om1 ,ju/ice1 & ,et]nal ,tru?6' ,?is is surely g5u9e poetry bo? 9 =m & matt]2 z j 9 its ?9k+ z x is vivid 9 its imag]y & classic 9 its language4 ,! ve9 ( /rong s5se :i* runs ?r\gh all ! poetry ( ,mr4 ,burns1 & imp>ts to x solidity & coh]5cy1 is1 we ?9k1 n less admirable ?an ! poetry itself1 & is1 we are sure1 q z little common4 ,let ! read] m>k h[ freely ! ?\ghts arise 9 ! foll[+ v exquisite little piece1 writt5 9 ,madeira1 & sugge/$ by ! di/ant view ( ! neighb\r+ isl& ( ,porto ,santo1 "o ( ! fir/ coloniz$ by ! ,portuguese adv5tur]s ( ! fifte5? c5tury4 ,columbus m>ri$ a daught] ( ,b>tolomeo ,p]e/rillo1 ! fir/ gov]nor ( ! isl&1 & aft] 8 m>riage liv$ 9 x = "s "t ) 8 fa!r-9-law4 ,& on ?is f\ndation ,mr4 ,burns f\nds 8 poem3-- ,,porto ,,santo1 ,,z ,,se5 ,,f ,,! ,,nor? ,,( ,,madeira4 ',glance nor?w>d ?r\gh ! haze1 & m>k ,t %ad[y isl& float+ d>k ,amid/ ! seas s]5e3 ,x seems "s fair en*ant$ isle1 ,l t :i* saw ,mir&a's smile ,:5 ,ariel sang unse54 ',oh happy1 aft] all _! fe>s1 ,7 ^? old ,lusian m>9]s ,:o hail$ t l& ! fir/1 ,^u ^: se>$ & a*+ eyes1 ,) an enraptur+ surprise1 ,its bloom ( v]dure bur/4 ',_! an*or 9 a creek1 %ell-pav51 ,!y dropp$1--& h5ce ,! ,holy ,hav5 ,!y nam$ ! welcome l&3 ,! breezes /ra9$ _! ma/s no m1 ,& all ar\nd ! sunny %ore ,0 summ]1 laugh+ bl&4 ',!y w&]$ on ?r\gh gre5 arcade ,:]e fruits 7 hang+ 9 ! %ades1 ,& blossoms clu/]+ fair2 ,/range gorge\s insects %imm]$ ,& f ! brakes sweet m9/relsy ,entranc$ ! woodl& air4 ',ye>s pass$1 & to ! isl& came ,a m>9] ( unkn[n "n1 ,& grave ,ca/ilian spee*3 ,! _s ( a great emprise ,ar\s$ him1 & ) fla%+ eyes ,he pac$ ! pebbl$ bea*4 ',:at "t ! sun 0 s9k+ sl[1 ,& twilight spread a rosy gl[ ,ar\nd its s+le />1 ,8 eye ! we/]n sea's expanse ,w\ld se>*1 creat+ by its glance ,"s cl\dy l& af>4 ',he saw x :5 transluc5t ev5 ,%$ my/ic light o'er e>? & heav51 ,dim %ad[$ on ! deep2 ,8 fancy t+$ ea* pass+ cl\d ,) ! f9e phantom1 & he b[$ ,be=e x 9 8 sleep4 ',he he>s grey-be>d$ sailors tell ,h[ ! discov]ies befell ,t glorify _! "t2 ,& =? ,i g1 my fri5ds1 he cries1 ,to a sev]] ent]prise ,?an task$ y\r glori\s prime4 ',"t 0 :5 ^! gre5 isles t /ud ,! expanse ( ?is famili> flood1 ,liv$ b 9 fancy fond4 ,e>?'s limits--?9k y "h !y are8 ,"h has ! ,almighty fix$ ,8 b>1 ,=bidd+ glance beyond8 ',ea* %ell is murmur+ on ! %ore1 ,& wild sea-voices ev]more ,are s\nd+ 9 my e>3 ,i long to meet ! ea/]n gale1 ,& ) a free & /ret*+ sail ,?r\gh virg9 seas to /e]4 ',two galleys trim1 "s comrades /an*1 ,& ,i ) hopeful he>t w\ld laun* ,^u ?is %oreless sea4 ,till ,i h se>*$ x ?r\gh & ?r\gh4 ,& se5 "s f> l& loom+ blue1 ,my he>t w n play free4 ',=? f>$ he ?r\gh ! deep to rove3 ,= mon?s ) angry w9ds he /rove1 ,& passions fi]c] /ill2 ,until he f\nd ! long-s\ght l&1 ,& leap$ ^u ! savage /r& ,) an exult+ ?rill4 ',! tide ( life n[ eddies /rong ,?r\gh t broad wild]ness1 :]e long ,! eagle fe>less flew2 ,:]e =e/s wav$1 fair cities rise1 ,& sci5ce1 art1 & ent]prise ,_! re/less aim pursue4 ',!re dwells a p1 at ^: bir? ,! %\t ( ,fre$om %ook ! e>?1 ,^: frame ?r\gh all ! l&s ,has travell$1 & be=e ^: eyes1 ,bright ) _! glori\s de/9ies1 ,a pr\d c>e] exp&s4 ',i see _! life by passion wr\ght ,to int5se endeav\r1 & my ?\ght ,/oops backw>ds 9 its rea* ,to him :o1 9 t e>ly "t1 ,resolv$ 8 ent]prise sublime ,on ,porto ,santo's bea*4 ',me?9ks t solit>y s\l ,held 9 its ark ?is radiant roll ,( human hopes upfurl$1-- ,t !re 9 g]m ?is vigor\s life ,0 %ea!d1 :i* n[ 9 e>ne/ /rife ,is work+ ?r\gh ! _w4 ',/ill on our way1 ) c>eworn face1 ,ab/ract$ eye1 & saunt]+ pace1 ,may pass "o su* z he1 ,^: m9d heaves ) a secret =ce1 ,t %all be felt along ! c\rse ,( f> ,futurity4 ',call him n fanatic or fool1 ,?\ ,/oic ( ! mod]n s*ool2 ,columbus-l1 8 aim ,po9ts =w>d ) a true presage1 ,& nations ( a lat] age ,may rise to bless 8 "n4' ,!re runs ?r\gh\t ,mr4 ,burns's volume a ri* ve9 ( scriptural imag]y & allusion1 & mu* ori5tal description--r quiet1 h[ev]1 ?an gorge\s--t be>s 9 its unexagg]at$ sobriety ! impress ( tru?4 ,f a weakness ( *e/ & g5]al delicate heal?1 ,mr4 ,burns has _h to sp5d n a few ( 8 w9t]s abroad1 "u climatal influ5ces ( a m g5ial "* ?an ^? ( 8 own c\ntry2 & h5ce ! tru?fulness ( 8 descriptions ( sc5es :i* few ( our native poets ev] see1 & a correspond+ am\nt ( v>iety 9 8 v]se4 ,b we h exhau/$ our space1 & h giv5 only v meagre samples ( ?is delightful volume1 & a v inadequate judgm5t on its m]its4 ,b we ref] our read]s to ! volume itself1 z "o well fitt$ to gr[ ^u _! reg>ds2 & mean:ile conclude ) ! foll[+ exquisite l&scape1--no bad specim5 ( t ability ( ^w-pa9t+ :i* is ev] s c]ta9 a m>k ( ! true poet3-- ',bel[ me spread a wide & lonely bea*1 ,! ripple wa%+ high] on ! s&s3 ,a riv] t has come f f>-(f l&s ,is coil$ beh9d 9 _m a %9+ rea*2 ,b n[ x wid5s1 & its banks are b>e-- ,x settles z x ne>s ! moan+ sea2 ,an inw>d eddy *ecks ! curr5t free1 ,& brea!s a br9y dampness ?r\gh ! air3 ,beyond1 ! waves' l[ vap\rs ?r\gh ! skies ,7 trail+1 l a battle's brok5 re>2 ,b smitt5 by pursu+ w9ds1 !y rise1 ,& ! blue slopes ( a f> coa/ appe>1 ,) %ad[y peaks on :i* ! sunlight lies1 ,uplift$ 9 arial di/ance cle>4 ,novemb] #h1 #ahed4 ,,! ,,encyclop,,dia ,,britannica4 ,aft] ! lab\r ( ye>s1 ! sev5? edition ( ! ,encyclopdia ,britannica has be5 at l5g? complet$4 ,x is 9 e respect a great "w--great ev5 z a comm]cial speculation4 ,we h be5 assur$ ! money exp5d$ on ?is edition alone w\ld be m ?an suffici5t to build ?ree su* monum5ts z t n[ 9 ! c\rse ( erection 9 ,ed9burgh to ! memory ( ,sir ,walt] ,scott4 ,& conta9+1 z x does1 all ! m valuable matt] ( =m] editions--all t ! advanc+ tide ( k has n oblit]at$ or cov]$ up1 & :i* at "o "t mu/ h repres5t$ 9 ! comm]cial po9t ( view a l>ge am\nt ( capital--x mu/ be obvi\s t1 great z ! co/ ( ! pres5t edition has be51 x be>s m]ely "s su* relation to ! accumulat$ co/ ( ! :ole1 z t borne by ! exp5se ( p>tial r5ovations & repairs 9 a va/ edifice to ! sum orig9ally exp5d$ on ! entire erection4 ,x is a great "w1 too1 reg>d$ z a trophy ( ! unit$ sci5ce & lit]ature ( ,brita94 ,l a l(ty obelisk1 rais$ to m>k ! spot :]e "s important exp$ition t]m9at$1 x /&s z x 7 to indicate ! l9e at :i* ! m>* ( human k has n[ arriv$4 ,we see x ris+ on ! extreme v]ge ( ! b\nd>y :i* sep>ates ! cle> & ! palpable f ! indi/9ct & ! obscure4 ,! explor$ prov9ce ( pa/ rese>*1 ) all its _m p>ty-col\r$ fields1 /ret*es out f x 9 long p]spective on ! "o h&1--lum9\s1 well-def9$1 rejoic+ 9 ! light4 ,! t]ra incognita ( future discov]y lies envelop$ 9 cl\d on ! o!r--an untri$ region ( fogs & d>kness4 ,! hi/ory ( ?is publication = ! la/ sev5ty ye>s--= s sl[ has be5 its gr[?1 t r m ?an sev5ty ye>s h n[ elaps$ s9ce its fir/ appe>ance 9 ! _w ( lett]s--w\ld s]ve curi\sly to illu/rate ! lit]>y & sci5tific hi/ory ( ,scotl& dur+ t p]iod4 ,! naturali/1 by obs]v+ ! r+s ( annual gr[? 9 a tree newly cut d[n1 c n only tell :at its exact bulk _h be5 at c]ta9 det]m9ate dates 9 ! pa/--f its fir/ exi/5ce z a t9y sapl+ ( a s+le twelvemon?1 till ! axe _h fall5 on ! huge circumf]5ce ( p]*ance its hundr$? r+--b he c also =m f !m a %rewd guess ( ! v>i\s *>act]s ( ! seasons t h pass$ ov] x4 ,is ! r+ ( wide developm5t8--x speaks ( g5ial w>m? & k9dly %[]s4 ,is x n>r[ & contract$8--x tells ( scor*+ dr\ghts or ( bit+ cold4 ,n[ ! succe$+ editions ( ?is great "w n>rate a some:at simil> /ory1 9 a some:at simil> mann]4 ,!y speak ( ! gr[? ( sci5ce & ! arts dur+ ! v>i\s succe$+ p]iods 9 :i* !y appe>$4 ,! great increase1 too1 at c]ta9 times1 9 p>ticul> dep>tm5ts ( k1 is curi\sly connect$ ) peculi> circum/ances 9 ! hi/ory ( our c\ntry4 ,9 ! pres5t edition1 = in/ance1 almo/ all ! geography is new4 ,! age has be5 peculi>ly an age ( exploration--a locomotive age3 comm]ce1 curiosity1 ! _s ( adv5ture1 ! desire ( escap+ f ! t$ium ( inactive life1--^!1 & o!r motives besides1 h scatt]$ travell]s by hundr$s1 dur+ ! p]iod ( our long ,european peace1 ov] almo/ e c\ntry ( ! _w4 ,& h5ce s mighty an increase ( k 9 ?is dep>tm5t1 t :at ! la/ age knew ( ! subject has be5 altoge!r ov]gr[n4 ,va/ additions1 too1 h be5 made to ! prov9ce ( me*anical contrivance3 ! con/ructive faculties ( ! c\ntry1 /imulat$ app>5tly by ! dem&s ( comm]ce & ! influ5ce ( competition bo? at home & abroad1 h p]=m$ 9 well-nigh a s+le g5]ation ! "w ( c5turies4 ,ev5 ! ,encyclopdia itself1 reg>d$ 9 a lit]>y po9t ( view1 is /rik+ly illu/rative ( a *ange :i* has tak5 place *iefly )9 ! pres5t c5tury 9 ! republic ( lett]s4 ,we enjoy$ a v ample opportunity ( acqua9t+ ourselves ) x 9 its infancy4 ,m ye>s h pass$ away ?an we at pres5t feel q incl9$ to specify1 s9ce our att5tion 0 attract$ at a v e>ly age to an ,encyclopdia1 ! fir/ we _h ev] se51 t =m$ "o "w ( a doz5 or s /or$ on ! upp] %elf ( a press to :i* we 7 p]mitt$ access4 ,x consi/$ ( ?ree qu>to volumes spr9kl$ ov] ) :at sev5ty ye>s ago mu/ h be5 deem$ v respectable copp]plates1 & rem>kable1 *iefly 9 ! arrangem5t ( its cont5ts1 = ! inequality ( ! portions1 if we may s speak1 into :i* ! k x conta9$ 0 brok5 up4 ,z might be anticipat$ f its comp>atively small size1 mo/ ( ! articles 7 exce$+ly meagre4 ,!re 7 pages aft] pages 9 :i* "s eight or t5 l9es1 sometimes a s+le l9e1 compris$ all t ! writ]s _h deem$ x necess>y to communicate on ! subjects on :i* !y t\*$4 ,& yet1 set full 9 ! middle ( ^! brief s5t5ces--^! m]e skeletons ( in=mation--!re 7 complete & elaborate treatises1--:ales among ! m9n[s4 ,"s ( ^! ext5d$ ov] t51 tw5ty1 ?irty1 fifty pages ( ! "w4 ,we rememb] !re 0 an old-fa%ion$ b n ill-writt5 treatise on ,*emi/ry among ! numb]1 q bulky en\gh ( itself to fill a small volume4 ,!re 0 a s5sibly writt5 treatise on ,law1 too2 a treatise on ,anatomy n q unwor?y ( ! ,ed9burgh s*ool2 a treatise on ,botany1 ( :i* at ?is di/ance ( "t we rememb] little else ?an t x reject$ ! sexual sy/em ( ,l9nu1 !n newly promulgat$2 a treatise on ,ar*itecture1 suffici5tly incorrect1 z we aft]w>ds f\nd1 9 "s ( its m9or details1 b :i* we /ill rememb] ) ! k9dly feel+ ( ! pupil = 8 fir/ ma/]2 a treatise on ,=tification1 t at lea/ taught u h[ to make model =ts 9 s&2 treatises on ,ari?metic1 ,a/ronomy1 ,bookkeep+1 ,gramm>1 ,language1 ,!ology1 ,metaphysics1 & a great _m o!r treatises besides4 ,! lea/ int]e/+ portion ( ! "w 0 ! portion devot$ to ,natural ,hi/ory3 x nam$ & numb]$ species & v>ieties1 in/ead ( describ+ in/9cts & habits1 & af=d$ little else to ! read] ?an li/s ( h>d words1 & l9es ( un9t]e/+ num]als4 ,b our appetite = books 0 ke5 & b ill suppli$ at ! "t1 & s we read all ( ! "w t w\ld read1--"s ( x (t5] ?an once4 ,! "* ( ! :ole rem9d$ u some:at ( t /yle ( build+ common 9 "s ( ! old] ru9s ( ! nor? c\ntry1 9 :i* we f9d lay]s ( huge /ones surr\nd$ by /rips & pat*es ( a m9ute p9n$ "w compos$ ( spl9t]s & fragm5ts4 ,?is ,diction>y ( ! ?ree qu>to volumes 0 ! fir/ edition ( ! ,encyclopdia ,britannica1--! id5tical "w 9 its fir/ beg9n+s1 ( :i* ! sev5? edition has be5 s rec5tly complet$4 ,x 0 publi%$ 9 #agga--;9 ! days ( ,goldsmi?1 & ,burke1 & ,johnson1 & ,david ,hume--sev]al ye>s ere ,adam ,smi? _h giv5 8 ,weal? ( ,nations or ,rob]tson 8 ,hi/ory ( ,am]ica to ! public1 & ere ! names ( ,burns or ,c[p] _h any place 9 ,,briti% ,,lit]ature4 ,! _w has gr[n greatly 9 k s9ce t p]iod1 & ! ,encyclopdia ,britannica has done mu* m ?an kept pace ) x 9 its m]its ( acquirem5t4 ,! ?ree volumes h swell$ into tw5ty-"o2 & ea* ( ! tw5ty-"o conta9s at lea/ "o-?ird m ( matt] ?an ea* ( ! ?ree4 ,! gr[? & proportions ( a "w ( g5ius seem to be v little dep5d5t on ! p]iod ( its production4 ,%akespe>e may be reg>d$ z ! f\nd] ( ! ,engli% drama4 ,he wrote at a "t :5 art 0 rude1 & sci5ce comp>atively l[4 ,all agree1 at lea/1 t ! subjects ( ,que5 ,victoria "k a v great deal :i* 0 n kn[n by ! subjects ( ,que5 ,elizabe?4 ,!re 0 no gas burn$ 9 front ( ! ,globe ,!atre1 nor 0 ! di/ant ro> ( a locomotive ev] he>d )9 its d+y recesses2 nor did ev] adv5tur\s a]onaut look d[n f 8 dizzy elevation ( miles on its tub-l proportions1 or its gay flag ( motley4 ,& yet we "q :e!r ev5 ,mr4 ,wakley himself1 ) all 8 advantages1 w\ld v5ture to d m ?an ass]t 8 equality ) ! ,swan ( ,avon4 ,hom]1 too1 wrote 9 a v remote p]iod1--s v remote & s v unc]ta91 t ! critics h begun s]i\sly to d\bt :e!r ! huge figure ( ! bl9d old man1 z x looms ?r\gh ! grey obscure ( ages1 be 9 reality ! figure ( "o poet1 or ( a :ole s*ool ( poets roll$ up into a bundle4 ,b ?\gh m5 fight mu* m sci5tifically n[ ?an !y did at ,troy1 & "k mu* m ab\t ! tak+ & def5d+ ( wall$ t[ns1 no poet ( ! pres5t day greatly excels ,hom]1--no1 n ! ,scot* s*oolma/] ev5 :o wrote ,wolfe's ,ode1 or ! g5tleman :o s5ds u ab/ruse v]ses :i* we unluckily _c und]/&1 & !n scolds u 9 p]spicu\s prose = n giv+ !m a place 9 our columns4 ,works ( g5ius be> no ref]5ce 9 _! bulk & proportions1 if we may s speak1 to ! p]iod at :i* !y are produc$2 b x is f> o!rwise ) works ( sci5ce & g5]al in=mation3 !y gr[ ) ! _w's gr[?2 ! tomes f :i* ! fa!r d]iv$ 8 acqua9tance ) facts & pr9ciples1 prove all inadequate to satisfy ! curiosity ( ! son3 almo/ e season adds its r+ to ! 'tree ( k2' & ! measur+ l9e :i* gir!d & regi/]$ its bulk 9 "o age1 fails to embrace x 9 ! succe$+ "o4 ,& h5ce "o elem5t at lea/ 9 ! sup]iority ( ?is edition ( ! ,encyclopdia ,britannica to e o!r edition1 & e o!r ,encyclopdia4 ,x appe>s at ! p]iod ( ! _w's greate/ exp]i5ce4 ,b !re are o!r v important elem5ts1 *>act]i/ic1 z we h said1 ( a peculi>ity 9 ! lit]ature ( ! age1 :i* h t5d$ also to ?is result4 ,we h rem>k$ t ! fir/ edition appe>$ 9 ! days ( ,hume1 ,rob]tson1 & ,adam ,smi?4 ,none ( ^! m5 wrote = x1 h[ev]4 ,9 ,france ! fir/ intellects ( ! c\ntry 7 engag$ on _! ,national ,encyclopdia1 & mighty 0 ! mis*ief :i* !y accompli%$ ?r\gh its means2 b works ( ?is "* 9 ,brita9 7 left to au?ors ( a l[] /&+4 ,smollett once conduct$ a critical review2 ,gilb]t ,/u>t an ,ed9burgh magaz9e2 ,dr4 ,johnson drew up p>liam5t>y debates = two ye>s toge!r2 ,edmund ,burke toil$ at ! pages ( an ,annual ,regi/]2 & ,goldsmi?1 e>ly 9 8 c>e]1 wrote lett]s = ! newspap]s4 ,b1 l ! apo!c>y 9 ,%akespe>e1 x 0 _! 'pov]ty1 n _! w1 t cons5t$2' & :5 _! =tunes bright5$1 ^! walks ( obscure labori\sness 7 left to :at 7 deem$ _! legitimate d5iz5s--m]e m$iocriti/s & compil]s4 ,a simil> feel+ seems to h obta9$ reg>d+ works ( an encyclopdiacal "*4 ,! au?ors ( ! fir/ edition ( ! ,encyclopdia ,britannica 7 m]ely respectable compil]s1--we "k n t any ( _! names w\ld n[ s\nd famili> to ! read]1 ) p]haps ! exception ( t ( ,smellie1 an ,ed9burgh writ] ( ! la/ c5tury1 ^: philosophical essays "o sometimes meets ) on our book/alls4 ,b among ! o!r great *anges produc$ by ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 !re 0 a /rik+ & v important *ange effect$ 9 our p]iodical lit]ature4 ,! old f\ndations ( society seem$ break+ up1 & ! true nature ( t basis ( op9ion on :i* !y _h s long re/$ came to be ev]y:]e practically und]/ood4 ,m9ds ( ! l>g] ord] f\nd x necess>y to address !mselves direct to ! p2 & ! newspap]1 ! review1 ! magaz9e1 ! pamphlet1 furni%$ !m ) ready vehicles ( conveyance4 ,ar*im$es1 dur+ ! siege ( ,syracuse1 _h to quit ! sob] quiet ( 8 /udy1 & to mix ) ! arm$ def5d]s ( 8 native city1 amid ! wild confusion ( sallies & assaults1 ! rock+ ( beleagu]$ t[]s1 ! creak+ ( eng9es1 & ! hurtl+ ( missiles4 ,x 0 ?us ) "s ( ! greate/ m9ds ( ! c\ntry dur+ ! di/raction & al>m ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution4 ,col]idge conduct$ a newspap]2 ,sir ,james ,mack9to% wrote = "o2 ,cann+ contribut$ to ! ,anti-,jacob92 ,rob]t ,hall ( ,leice/] became a review]2 ,s\!y1 ,jeffrey1 ,br\gham1 ,scott1 ,giff>d1 all m5 9 ! fir/ rank1 appe>$ 9 ! "* ( contributors to ! p]iodicals4 ,! aspect ( ?is dep>tm5t ( lit]ature sudd5ly *ang$1 & ! influ5ce ( t *ange survives to ?is day4 ,ev5 n[1 "s ( our fir/ lit]>y names are kn[n *iefly 9 _! connection ) magaz9es & reviews4 ,m5 su* z ,macaulay & ,sidney ,smi? h sc>ce any place z au?ors dissociat$ f ! ,ed9burgh2 & ,lockh>t & ,wilson are mo/ felt 9 ! _w ( lett]s 9 _! connection ) ,blackwood & ! ,qu>t]ly4 ,& ?is *ange affect$ m ?an ! p]iodicals4 ,its influ5ce ext5d$ to works ( ! encyclopdiacal "*4 ,! two great ,encyclopdias ( ,ed9burgh--t :i* be>s ! "n ( ! city1 & t ^: "n we h plac$ at ! head ( ?is article--came to reckon among _! contributors ! fir/ m5 ( ! k+dom1 bo? 9 sci5ce & lit]ature3 !y b5efit$ z greatly by ! *ange we describe z ! p]iodicals !mselves4 ,! ,revolution1 9 its reflex influ5ce1 seems to h drawn a l9e 9 ! ,briti% encyclopdiacal field betwe5 ! lab\rs ( m]e compil]s & ! a*ievem5ts ( orig9al au?or%ip2 & ! peculi>ity ( plan 9 ! ,encyclopdia ,britannica1 to :i* we h already ref]r$--t peculi>ity :i* gives an art or sci5ce entire z a treatise1 in/ead ( break+ x d[n into z _m sep>ate articles z x possesses te*nical t]ms--enabl$ ?is "w to avail itself to ! fulle/ ext5t ( ! improvem5t4 ,no au?or1 h[ev] great 8 p[]s1 c be pr(\nd 9 ! compass ( a few p>agraphs4 ,goldsmi? c\ld ass]t t 9 an essay ( a page or two x is ev5 a m]it to be sup]ficial2 & few !re are :o possess1 ) ,goldsmi?1 ! pure lit]>y ability ( be+ sup]ficial ) good effect4 ,b x is n en\gh to say ( ?is "w t x is enri*$ by contributions f n a few ( ! able/ writ]s :i* ! pres5t c5tury has produc$4 ,x %\ld be add$1 fur!r1 t x conta9s "s ( ! ma/]pieces ( ^! m54 ,no "o ev] excell$ ,sir ,james ,mack9to% 9 philosophical criticism4 ,x 0 peculi>ly 8 =te4 ,he 0 r a great judge ( metaphysical p[] ?an a metaphysician4 ,& yet x is ?is admirable critic :o decides t ! exquisitely classical diss]tation ( ,dugald ,/ew>t1 writt5 = ?is ,encyclopdia1 is ! mo/ magnific5t ( t philosoph]'s works2 & rem>ks1 9 acc\nt+ = ! fact1 t ! 'memorable in/ances ( ,cic]o & ,milton1 & /ill m ^? ( ,dryd5 & ,burke1 seem to %[ t !re is "s natural t5d5cy 9 ! fire ( g5ius to burn m brightly1 or to blaze m fi]cely1 9 ! ev5+ ?an 9 ! morn+ ( human life4' ,we are mi/ak5 if ,sir ,james's own contribution to ?is "w does n take decid$ly a fir/ place among 8 productions4 ,! pres5t age has n produc$ a piece ( m exquisitely poli%$ ,engli%1 or ( m ta/eful or m nicely discrim9at+ criticism4 ,!re is an occult beauty & elegance 9 "s ( 8 ?\ghts & expressions1 on :i* x is no small luxury to repose1--l9es ( reflection1 too1 along :i* "o mu/ feel z well z ?9k "o's way4 ,:at c be f9]1 = in/ance1 ?an 8 rem>ks on ! poetry ( ,dr4 ,?omas ,br[n1 or :at m ?or\ghly remov$ f commonplace8 ,he tells u h[ ! philosophic poet 'obs]v$ man & 8 wid] _w ) ! eye ( a metaphysician2' t '! d>k results ( su* contemplations1 :5 he review$ !m1 (t5 fill$ 8 s\l ) feel+s :i*1 be+ bo? gr& & melan*oly1 7 truly poetical2' t 'un=tunately1 h[ev]1 few read]s c be t\*$ ) fell[-feel+2' = t 'he s+s to few1 & mu/ be cont5t ) sometimes mov+ a /r+ 9 ! s\l ( ! lonely vision>y1 :o1 9 ! daydreams ( y\?1 has felt z well z m$itat$ on ! my/]ies ( nature4' ,! diss]tation ( ,playfair is also pit*$ on ! highe/ key to :i* t elegant writ] ev] atta9$4 ,if we except ! unju/ & (f5sive e/imate ( ! p[]s ( ,frankl91 a simil> judgm5t may be pass$ on ! prelim9>y diss]tation ( ,sir ,john ,leslie4 ,jeffrey's fam\s !ory ( beauty is1 ( all ! philosophic pieces ( t accompli%$ writ]1 by f> ! mo/ widely kn[n2 & ,sir ,walt] ,scott's essay on ! drama is at lea/ equal to any ( ! s]i\s prose compositions ( its great au?or4 ,!re is some?+ peculi>ly fasc9at+ 9 ! natural hi/ory ( ?is edition1--a dep>tm5t :olly rewritt51 & furni%$ *iefly by ! s+ul>ly pleas+ p5 ( ,mr4 ,james ,wilson4 ,x is n yet tw5ty ye>s s9ce ,con/able's supplem5t to ! la/ edition appe>$2 & yet 9 ?is prov9ce1 s mightily has ! tide ris51 t well-nigh all ! old l9es ( classification h be5 oblit]at$ or cov]$ up4 ,va/ additions h be5 also made4 ,at no =m] "t 0 !re half ! am\nt ( actual obs]vation 9 ?is field :i* exi/s 9 x n[2 & x is well t !re %\ld be s skilful a workman z ,mr4 ,wilson to avail himself ( ! accumulat+ mat]ials4 ,8 treatises %[ h[ v j is ! e/imate ( 8 p[]s giv5 to ! public 9 ,pet]'s ,lett]s consid]ably m ?an tw5ty ye>s ago1 at a "t :5 he 0 comp>atively little kn[n4 ,b we _c enum]ate a ti! ( ! ma/]pieces ( ! ,briti% ,encyclopdia4 ,judg+ f ! li/ ( contributors' names atta*$ to ! index1 we mu/ hold t ,mod]atism 9 ! field ( lit]ature & sci5ce is v mu* at a disc\nt4 ,b !re is no lack ( data ( v v>i\s k9ds to =ce ^u u ?is conclusion4 ,among our s\nd non-intrusioni/s we f9d ! names ( ,"l ,jeffrey1 ,sir ,david ,brew/]1 ,pr(essor ,john ,flem+1 ,pr(essor ,david ,wel%1 ,pr(essor ,&]son1 ,dr4 ,irv9e1 ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,he!r+ton1 ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,omond1 ,mr4 ,alex&] ,dunlop1 & ,mr4 ,c[an2 :]eas ( all ! opposite p>ty :o record _! votes 9 our *ur* c\rts1 we h succe$$ 9 f9d+ ! "n ( b a s+le individual1 ,dr4 ,john ,lee4 ,:y has ,dr4 ,bryce ?us left ! field to ! fanatics8 _h he no?+ to ins]t on missions8 ,or c\ld n ,mr4 ,rob]tson ( ,ellon h be5 great on ! article ,beza8 ,0 !re no ex]tion dem&$ ( !m to save ! cr$it ( ! ,e>l ( ,ab]de5's le>n$ cl]gy8 ,"o ( ! ma9 defects ( omission 9 ! "w 7( c\rse we m]ely m5tion ! circum/ance7 is ! omission ( ! "n ( "o v great non-intrusioni/4 ,e?ical & metaphysical philosophy are repres5t$ by ,dugald ,/ew>t & ,sir ,james ,mack9to%2 ma!matical & physical sci5ce by ,sir ,david ,brew/]1 ,sir ,john ,leslie1 ,playfair1 & ,rob9son2 political economy by ,ric>do1 ,m',cullo*1 & ,mal?us2 natural hi/ory by ,james ,wilson & ,dr4 ,flem+2 ,hazlitt & ,haydon disc\rse on pa9t+ & ! f9e arts2 ,jeffrey on ! beautiful2 ,sir ,walt] ,scott on *ivalry1 ! drama1 & romance2 ! classical p5 ( ,dr4 ,irv9e has illu/rat$ :at may be t]m$ ! biographical hi/ory ( ,scotl&2 physiology f9ds a meet exp\nd] 9 ,dr4 ,roget2 geology 9 ,mr4 ,phillips2 m$ical jurisprud5ce 9 ,dr4 ,traill4 ,b 9 :om does !ology f9d an illu/rator8 ,does our c\ntry boa/ 9 ! pres5t age ( no v em95t "n 9 ?is noble dep>tm5t ( k--no "n kn[n all ov] ,scotl&1 ,brita91 ,europe1 ,*ri/5dom--a "n :om we may associate ) t ( ,dugald ,/ew>t 9 e?ical1 or t ( ,sir ,david ,brew/] 9 physical sci5ce8 ,9 utt] ignorance ( ! facts1 we c1 z we h said1 b m]ely ref] to ! omission z "o :i* w be assur$ly m>k$ 9 ! future1 :5 ! d9 & du/ ( our exi/+ controv]sies %all be laid1 & :5 all n[ engag$ 9 !m :o are tall en\gh to cat* ! eye ( po/]ity1 w be se5 9 _! g5u9e col\rs & _! true proportions4 ,! article ,!ology 9 ! ,encyclopdia ,britannica is writt51 n by ,dr4 ,*alm]s1 b new-modell$ f an old article by ! m9i/] ( an ,indep5d5t congregation 9 ,ed9burgh1 ,mr4 ,l9dsay ,alex&]--we d\bt n an able & good man1 b n sup]em95tly ! "o !ologian ( ,scotl&4 ,we m>k1 besides1 a few faults1 ( commission 9 ! "w1 app>5tly ( a sub-editorial "*1 b :i*1 unlike ! defect j po9t$ out1 ! editor ( "s future edition w f9d little difficulty 9 am5d+4 ,works ! production ( a s+le m9d1 be> g5]ally an individual "*2 works ! productions ( _m m9ds1 are m>k$ r by ! "* ( ! age to :i* !y belong4 ,we f9d occasional evid5ce 9 ! ,encyclopdia t x belongs to ! age ( ,ca?olic ,emancipation1--an age 9 :i* ! true 9 sci5ce 0 deem$ a v great matt] by m5 to :om ! true 9 religion seem$ a mu* less "o4 ,"o at lea/ ( ! m9ds employ$ on ! m9or articles ( ! "w _h palpably a papi/ical lean+4 ,a blaze ( eulogium1 :i* contra/s ludicr\sly en\gh ) ! well-ton$ sobriety ( :at we may t]m its /aple /yle1 is made to surr\nd1 l ! halo 9 old pa9t+s1 "s ( ! m5 :o 7 happy en\gh to be di/+ui%$ ass]tors ( ! ,romi% ,*ur*4 ,we w\ld in/ance1 z a specim51 ! biographical sket*es ( ,bossuet & ! ,jesuit ,b\rdal\e1 writt5 by ! late ,dr4 ,james ,br[ne4 ,^!1 h[ev]1 are b comp>atively m9ute flaws 9 a "w s truly great1 & ( su* imm5se multiplicity4 ,!y are "s ( ! imp]fections ( a "w to :i* imp]fection is inevitable1 & :i*1 aft] all su* d$uctions h be5 made1 mu/ be recognis$ z by mu* ! lea/ faulty & mo/ complete ( its class :i* ! _w has yet se54 ,april #cj1 #ahdb4 ,a ,,vision ,,( ,,! ,,railroad4 ,private4 ----1 ,,isle ,,( ,,skye4 4444 ,i "k n :5 ?is may rea* y4 ,we are mu* %ut out f ! _w at ?is dead season ( ! ye>1 especially 9 ^? wild] solitudes ( ! isl& t ext5d _! long slopes ( moor to ! we/4 ,! va/ ,atlantic spreads out be=e u1 black5$ by tempe/1 a solit>y wa/e1 un5liv5$ by a s+le sail1 & f5c$ (f f ! l& by an impassable l9e ( break]s4 ,ev5 f ! elevation :]e ,i n[ write--= my little cottage /&s high on ! hill-side--,i c he> ! measur$ boom ( ! waves1 swell+ l ! ro> ( di/ant artill]y1 above ! melan*oly moan+s ( ! w9d among ! ne>] crags1 & ! ho>s] da% ( ! /ream 9 ! holl[ bel[4 ,we are 9 a /ate ( siege3 ! isle is beleagu]$ on its rugg$ l9e ( we/]n coa/1 & all communication )9 t qu>t] cut (f2 :ile 9 ! opposite direction ! brok5 & prec>i\s footways t w9d across ! hills to our m accessible ea/]n %ores1 are /ill drift$ ov] 9 ! deep] holl[s ( ! sn[ ( ! la/ great /orm4 ,x 0 only ye/]-ev5+ t my c\s9 ,ea*51 ) :om ,i %>e y\r newspap]1 succe$$ 9 br++ me ! numb] publi%$ e>ly 9 ! pres5t mon?1 9 :i* y furni% y\r read]s ) a report ( ! great railway meet+ at ,glasg[4 ,my c\s9 & ,i live on opposite sides ( ! isl&4 ,we met at our try/ among ! hills1 n half an h\r1 be=e sunset2 & z ea* _h f> to walk back1 & z a /orm seem$ brew+--= ! w9d _h sudd5ly l[]$1 & ! ?ick mi/s came creep+ d[n ! hill-sides1 all dank & *ill1 & lad5 ) fro/-rime1 t settl$ crisp & :ite on our hair--we deem$ x sc>ce prud5t to indulge 9 our usual long conv]sation toge!r4 ',y w f9d1' said ,ea*51 z he h&$ me ! pap]1 't ?+s are look+ no bett]4 ,! old ,tories are go+ on 9 ! old way1 bitt]] aga9/ ! gospel ?an ev]4 ,!y w n leave u 9 all ,skye a m9i/] t has ev] be5 ! means ( conv]t+ a s\l2 & :at looks z ill1 our great ,scot* railway1 t broke ! ,sabba? la/ ye>1 9 ! va9 hope ( mak+ money by x1 is to break x ?is ye> at a dead loss4 ,& ?is = no o!r purpose t p c see1 ?an j t an ,ed9burgh writ] may adv]tise 8 bus9ess by mak+ sm>t spee*es ab\t x4 ,dep5d on't1 ,alli/]1 ! c\ntry's fey4' ',! old way ( adv]tis+1' said ,i1 'be=e x became necess>y t an eld] %\ld h at lea/ "s %[ ( religion ab\t him1 0 to get into ! ,g5]al ,assembly1 & make spee*es !re4 ,if ! crisis comes1 we %all see ! practice 9 full bl[ aga94 ,we %all see our anti-,sabbat>ian g5tlem5 transmut$ into voluble ,mod]ate eld]s1 talk+ h>d = cli5ts )\t subject+ !mselves to ! adv]tisem5t duty1--& ! railway mayhap keep+ its ,sabba?s4' ',keep+ its ,sabba?s1' repli$ ,ea*52 'ay1 b ! %>ehold]s1 p]haps1 h little *oice 9 ! matt]4 ,i wi% y he>d our cate*i/ on t4 ,dep5d on't1 ,alli/]1 ! c\ntry's fey4' ',keep+ its ,sabba?s8 ,yes1' said ,i1 cat*+ at 8 mean+1 'if we are to be visit$ by a p]man5t comm]cial depression--& !re are _m ?+s less likely at ! pres5t "t--! railway may keep its ,sabba?s1 & keep !m z ! l& ( ,judea did ( old4 ,x w\ld be all too easy1 9 a p]iod ( g5]al di/ress1 to t\* t l9e ( necess>ily high exp5diture bel[ :i* x w\ld be ru9 = ! returns ( ! und]tak+ to fall4 ,let b ! inv>iably great outlay cont9ue to exce$ ! income = any consid]able "t1 & ! railway mu/ keep its ,sabba?s4' ',j ! cate*i/'s idea1' rejo9$ my c\s94 ',he spoke on ! subject at our la/ meet+4 ,ea*51 he said1 ,ea*51 ! ?+ lies s mu* 9 ! ord9>y c\rse ( provid5ce1 t our bl9d$ ,sabba?-break]s1 7 x to happ51 w\ld recognise only disa/] 9 x1 n judgm5t4 ,i see at times1 ) a di/9ctness t my fa!r w\ld h call$ ! second sight1 t long we>y l9e ( rail1 ) its ,sabba? travell]s ( pleasure & bus9ess spe$+ ov] x1 & a cr[d ( wret*$ witnesses rais$1 all unwitt+ly & unwill+ly on _! own p>ts1 to te/ify aga9/ x1 & ( com+ judgm5t1 at bo? its ends4 ,i see t ! walks ( ! "o great city into :i* x op5s are black5$ by %oals ( unemploy$ artisans2 & t ! lanes & alleys ( ! o!r numb] by ?\s&s & t5s ( ?\s&s _! pale & hung]-bitt5 op]atives1 t cry = "w & food4 ,!y te/ify all too surely t judgm5t ne$s no miracle "h4 ,let b ! evil cont9ue to gr[--nay1 let b "o ( our ,scotti% capitals1 our great m>t ( comm]ce & trade s9k into ! circum/ances ( its manufactur+ neighb\r ,paisley--& ! railway mu/ keep its ,sabba?s4 ,b alas6 !re w\ld be no triumph = p>ty 9 ! case4 ,great1 ere ! evil c\ld befall1 w\ld ! suff]+s ( ! c\ntry be1 & !y w\ld be suff]+s t w\ld ext5d to all4 ,:at ?9k y1 ,alli/]1 ( ! cate*i/'s note8' ',almo/ wor? ?r[+ into ,engli%1' ,i said4 ',b ! fog /ill ?ick5s1 & x w be d>k night ere we rea* home4' ,& s we p>t$4 ,d>k night x 01 & ! /orm _h bur/ out4 ,b x 0 pleasant1 :5 ,i _h rea*$ my little cottage1 to pile high ! fire on ! he>?1 & to he> ! bla/ ro>+ outside1 & %ak+ ! w9d[-bo>ds1 z if "s rude h& 7 /riv+ to unfa/5 !m4 ,i light$ my little heap ( moss fir on ! project+ /one t s]ves ! poor ,highl&] = at once lamp & c&le/ick1 & b5t me ov] y\r f\r? page1 to scan ! ,sabba? returns ( a ,scotti% railroad4 ,b my rugg$ j\rney & ! beat+ ( ! /orm _h induc$ a degree ( lassitude2 ! w9d outside1 too1 _h =c$ back ! smoke1 until x _h fill$ ) a dr[sy1 umb]y atmosph]e1 ! :ole ( my d+y little ap>tm5t3 ,mr4 ,m',neill seem$ consid]ably less sm>t ?an usual1 & m ?an ord9>ily (f5sive1 & 9 ! middle ( 8 spee* ,i fell fa/ asleep4 ,! sc5e *ang$1 & ,i f\nd myself /ill engag$ 9 my late j\rney1 com+ d[n ov] ! hill1 j z ! sun 0 sett+ r$ & lightless ?r\gh ! haze beh9d ! d>k ,atlantic4 ,! dre>y prospect on :i* ,i _h look$ s %ortly be=e 0 re/or$ 9 all its features3 !re 0 ! blank1 lead5-col\r$ sea1 t seem$ to mix all ar\nd ) ! blank1 lead5-col\r$ sky2 ! moors spread out ar\nd me1 br[n & b>r51 & /udd$ ) rock & /one2 ! fogs1 z !y crept d[nw>ds1 7 l[]+ ! ov]topp+ scre5 ( hills beh9d to "o dead level4 ,?r\gh ! l&scape1 o!rwise s d+y & sombre1 !re ran "o long l9e ( some:at bright] hue3 x 0 a long l9e ( break]s tumbl+ aga9/ ! coa/ f> z ! eye c\ld rea*1 & t seem$ int]pos$ z a sort ( selvage betwe5 ! blank1 lead5 sea1 & ! deep1 melan*oly russet ( ! l&4 ,?r\gh "o ( ^? *anges s common 9 dreams1 ! cont9u\s l9e ( surf seem$1 z ,i look$1 to alt] its "*4 ,x w9d$ no long] r\nd headl& & bay1 b /ret*$ out ?r\gh ! c5tre ( ! l&scape1 /raight z an ext5d$ cord1 & ! bright :ite sadd5$ d[n to ! fa9t] hue ( decay+ vegetation4 ,! entire l&scape und]w5t a *ange4 ,"u ! gloomy sky ( a /ormy ev5+1 ,i c\ld m>k on ! "o h& ! d>k blue ( ! ,p5tl&s1 & on ! o!r ! l[] slopes ( ,cor/orph9e4 ,ar?ur's ,seat rose dim 9 ! di/ance beh9d2 & 9 front1 ! pa/oral valley ( ,we/] ,lo?ian /ret*$ away mile beyond mile1 ) its long rectil9e> m\nd runn+ ?r\gh ! mid/1--f :]e ,i /ood beside "o ( ! massi] viaducts t rose an hundr$ feet ov]head1 till :]e ! huge bulk seem$ dim9i%$ to a sl5d] ?read on ! f> edge ( ! horizon4 ,x seem$ z if ye>s _h pass$--_m ye>s4 ,i _h an indi/9ct recollection ( sc5es ( t]ror & ( suff]+1 ( ! %\ts ( madd5$ multitudes engag$ 9 frightful w>f>e1 ( ! cries ( fami%+ wom5 & *ildr51 ( /reets & lanes flood$ ) blood1 ( rag+ flames enwrapp+ :ole villages 9 t]rible ru91 ( ! fla%+ ( arms & ! ro>+ ( artill]y2 b all 0 dimness & confusion4 ,! recollection 0 t ( a dream rememb]$ 9 a dream4 ,! solemn text 0 9 my m9d1 ',voices1 & ?und]s1 & lightn+s1 & a great e>?quake1 su* z 0 n s9ce m5 7 ^u ! e>?1 s mighty an e>?quake & s great2' & ,i n[ felt z if ! convulsion 0 ov]1 & t its ru9s lay scatt]$ ar\nd me4 ,! railway1 ,i said1 is keep+ its ,sabba?s4 ,all ar\nd 0 solit>y1 z 9 ! wa/es ( ,skye4 ,! long rectil9e> m\nd seem$ %aggy ) gorse & ?orn1 t rose aga9/ ! sides1 & int]twi/$ _! prickly bran*es atop4 ,! sloe-?orn1 & ! furze1 & ! bramble *ok$ up ! rails4 ,! fox ru/l$ 9 ! brake2 & :]e 8 track _h op5$ up a way ?r\gh ! f]n1 ,i c\ld see ! r$ & corrod$ b>s /ret*+ idly across4 ,!re 0 a viaduct beside me3 ! flaw$ & %att]$ masonry _h ex*ang$ its raw hues = a cru/ ( li*5s2 "o ( ! tall] pi]s1 und]m9$ by ! /ream1 _h drawn two ( ! ar*es along ) x1 & lay ad[n ! wat]-c\rse a %apeless mass ( ru91 o'erma/$ by flags & ru%es4 ,a huge ivy1 t _h tak5 root "u a neighb\r+ pi]1 ?rew up its long p5dul\s %oots ov] ! summit4 ,i asc5d$ to ! top4 ,half-buri$ 9 furze & sloe-?orn1 !re re/$ on ! rails :at _h once be5 a tra9 ( c>riages2 ! eng9e ahead lay scatt]$ 9 fragm5ts1 ! effect ( "s disa/r\s explosion1 & damp1 & m\ld1 & rott5ness _h done _! "w on ! vehicles beh9d4 ,"s _h already fall5 to pieces1 s t _! places c\ld be no long] trac$ 9 ! ?icket t _h gr[n up ar\nd !m2 o!rs /ood comp>atively entire1 b _! blea*$ & %rivell$ panels rattl$ to ! w9d1 & ! mu%room & ! fungus spr\t$ f betwe5 _! jo9ts4 ,! sc5e bore all too palpably ! m>ks ( viol5ce & blood%$4 ,!re 0 an op5 space 9 front1 :]e ! %att]$ fragm5ts ( ! eng9e lay scatt]$2 & "h ! rails _h be5 torn up by viol5ce1 & !re /ret*$ across1 brea/-high1 a rudely pil$ ramp>t ( /one4 ,a human skeleton lay atop1 :it5$ by ! w9ds2 !re 0 a brok5 pike beside x2 &1 /uck fa/ 9 ! nak$ skull1 :i* _h roll$ to ! bottom ( ! ramp>t1 ! ru/y fragm5t ( a sword4 ,! space beh9d resembl$ ! floor ( a *>nel-h\se--b9dwood & gr\nd-ivy lay matt$ ov] heaps ( bones2 & on ! top ( ! huge/ heap ( all1 a skull seem$ z if gr9n+ at ! sky f amid ! tatt]$ fragm5ts ( a cap ( lib]ty4 ,bones lay ?ick ar\nd ! %att]$ vehicles2 a trail ( skeletons dott$ ! desc5d+ bank1 & /ret*$ f> into a neighb\r+ field2 & f amid ! gre5 rankness t %ot up ar\nd !m1 ,i c\ld see soil$ & tatt]$ pat*es ( ! ,briti% sc>let4 ,a little f>!r on !re 0 ano!r wide gap 9 ! rails4 ,i m>k$ beside ! ru9s ( a neighb\r+ hovel a huge pile ( ru/y b>s1 & !re lay inside ! fragm5t ( an unc\? cannon m>r$ 9 ! ca/+4 ,i w&]$ on 9 unhapp9ess1 oppress$ by t feel+ ( t]ror & disconsolat5ess s peculi> to "o's m frightful dreams4 ,! c\ntry seem$ ev]y:]e a des]t4 ,! fields 7 r\gh5$ ) tufts ( furze & broom2 h$g][s _h %ot up into l9es ( /unt$ trees1 ) wide gaps int]pos$2 cottage & manor-h\se _h alike sunk into ru9s2 "h ! w9d[s /ill reta9$ _! %att]$ frames1 & ! ro(-tree lay rott+ amid ! dank vegetation ( ! floor2 yond] ! blackness ( fire _h left its m>k1 & !re rema9$ b r$d5$ & m\ld]+ /one4 ,wild animals & doleful creatures _h ev]y:]e increas$4 ,! toad puff$ out 8 freckl$ sides on he>?s ^: fires _h be5 long ext+ui%$1 ! fox ru/l$ among its bu%es1 ! ma/]less dog h[l$ f ! ?icket1 ! hawk scream$ %rill & %>p z x flutt]$ ov]head4 ,i pass$ :at _h be5 once ! policies ( a titl$ proprietor4 ,! trees lay rott+ & black5$ among ! damp grass--all except "o huge giant ( ! =e/1 t1 girdl$ by ! axe half a man's height f ! gr\nd1 & scor*$ by fire1 /ret*$ out its long dead arms t[>ds ! sky4 ,9 ! mid/ ( ?is wild]ness ( desolation lay brok5 masses1 widely scatt]$1 ( :at _h be5 once ! mansion-h\se4 ,a %apeless holl[1 half fill$ ) /agnant wat]1 occupi$ its imm$iate site2 & ! e>? 0 all ar\nd torn up1 z if batt]$ ) cannon4 ,! build+ _h too obvi\sly ow$ its de/ruction to ! irresi/ible =ce ( gunp[d]4 ,!re 0 a p>i% *ur* on ! neighb\r+ em95ce1 & x1 too1 0 ro(less & a ru94 ,alas6 ,i exclaim$1 z ,i drew aside ! rank /alks ( night%ade & hemlock t h$g$ up ! brea* 9 ! wall ?r\gh :i* ,i pass$ into ! int]ior--alas6 h ! *ur*es ( ,scotl& also p]i%$8 ,! inscription ( a mutilat$ tomb/one t lay outside caught my eye1 & ,i paus$ = a mom5t's space 9 ! gap to p]use x4 ,x 0 an old memorial ( ! times ( ! ,cov5ant1 & ! leg5d 0 m ?an half defac$4 ,i succe$$ 9 deciph]+ m]ely a few half s5t5ces--'kill+-"t1' 'fai?ful m>tyr1' 'bloody ,prelates2' & b5ea? !re 0 a fragm5t>y portion ( ! solemn text1 ',h[ long1 ,o ,"l1 holy & true1 do/ ,?\ n judge & av5ge our blood8' ,i /epp$ into ! int]ior3 ! scatt]$ rema9s ( an alt> re/$ aga9/ ! ea/]n gable4 ,!re 0 a crackl+ z ( brok5 glass "u my feet1 & /oop+ d[n ,i pick$ up a ri*ly-/a9$ fragm5t3 x bore a portion ( t mu*-rev]$ sign1 ! pelican giv+ h] "y to eat ( h] own fle% & blood--! sign :i* ,puseyism & ,pop]y equally agree 9 reg>d+ z adequately expressive ( _! doctr9e ( ! real pres5ce1 & :i* our ,scotti% ,episcopalians h s rec5tly adopt$ z ! *>act]i/ic vignette ( _! s]vice-book4 ,! toad & ! newt _h crept ov] x1 & x _h borr[$ a new t9t ( brilliancy f ! slime ( ! snail4 ,de/ruction _h run riot along ! walls ( ?is p>i% *ur*4 ,!re 7 c>v+s *ipp$ & mutilat$1 z if 9 sport1 less app>5tly ) ! int5tion ( defac+1 ?an r5d]+ !m contemptible & grotesque4 ,a huge cross ( /one _h be5 re>$ ov] ! alt>1 & bo? ! top & "o ( ! arms _h be5 /ruck away1 & f ! surviv+ arm !re dangl$ a noose4 ,! cross _h be5 trans=m$ into a gibbet4 ,nor 7 !re d>k] indications want+4 ,9 a recess set ap>t z a cab9et = relics1 !re 7 human bones all too fre% to belong to a remote antiquity2 & 9 a ni*e "u ! gibbet lay ! tatt]$ rema9s ( a surplice dabbl$ 9 blood4 ,i /ood amid ! ru9s1 & felt a s5se ( fe> & horror creep+ ov] me3 ! air d>k5$ "u ! sc[l ( ! com+ tempe/ & ! clos+ night1 & ! w9d %riek$ m m\rnfully amid ! %att]$ & dismantl$ walls4 ,!re came ano!r *ange ov] my dream4 ,i f\nd myself w&]+ 9 d>kness1 ,i knew n :i!r1 among bu%es & brok5 gr\nd2 !re 0 ! ro> ( a l>ge /ream 9 my e>1 & ! savage h[l ( ! /orm4 ,i reta9 a confus$1 imp]fect recollection ( a light /ream+ ^u brok5 wat]--( a h>d /ruggle 9 a deep =d--& ( at l5g? %>+ 9 ! repose & safety ( a cottage1 solit>y & humble almo/ z my own4 ,! vision aga9 /r5g!n$1 & ,i f\nd myself seat$ beside a fire1 & engag$ ) a few grave & s]i\s m5 9 s++ ! ev5+ psalm1 ) :i* !y clos$ = ! "t _! s]vices ( social devotion4 ',! p]iod ( trial we>s fa/ away1' said "o ( ! numb]1 :5 all 0 ov]--a grey-hair$1 patri>*al-look+ old man--',! p]iod ( trial is well-nigh ov]1 ! /orms ( our long w9t] are pa/1 & we h surviv$ !m all4 ,pati5ce6 a little m pati5ce1 & we %all see ! glori\s spr+-"t ( ! _w beg96 ,! vial is at l5g? exhau/$4' ',h[ v simple1' said "o ( ! o!rs1 z if giv+ expression r to ! reflection t ! rem>k sugge/$1 ?an speak+ 9 reply1--'h[ exce$+ly simple n[ x seems to trace to _! causes ! decl9e & fall ( ,brita96 ,! ignorance & ! irreligion ( ! l& h fully av5g$ !mselves1 & h be5 consum$ 9 turn 9 fires ( _! own k9dl+4 ,h[ c\ld ev5 m]e m5 ( ! _w h miss$ see+ ! great moral evil t lay at ! root ('-- ',ay1' said a well-kn[n voice t half m+l$ ) my dream+ fancies1 half recall$ me to consci\sness2 'no?+ c be pla9]1 ,donald4 ,t lawy]-man is evid5tly n mak+ 8 sm>t spee*es or writ+ 8 clev] circul>s ) an eye to ! pecuni>y int]e/s ( ! railroad4 ,no p]son c "k bett] ?an he kn[s t ! company are runn+ _! ,sabba? tra9s at a sacrifice ( "s f\r or five ?\s& a ye>4 ,7 !re n a hundr$ ?\s& t took ! pl$ge8 & c x be held by any "o t kn[s ,scotl&1 t !y ar5't wor? ov]-head a %ill+ a ye> to ! railway8 ,no1 no2 dep5d on't1 ! man is guiltless ( any design ( mak+ ! %>ehold]s ri* by break+ ! ,sabba?4 ,he is m]ely support+ a desp]ate case 9 ! eye ( ! c\ntry1 & gett+ into all ! newspap]s1 t p may see h[ clev] a fell[ he is4 ,he is avail+ himself ( ! pr9ciple t makes m5 9 our great t[ns g ab\t ) plac>ds set up on poles1 & ) bills pr9t$ l>ge /uck r\nd _! hats4' ,two ( my ne>] neighb\rs1 :o _h travell$ a long mile ?r\gh ! /orm to see :e!r ,i _h got my newspap]1 _h tak5 _! seats beside me :5 ,i 0 engag$ ) my dream2 & aft] read+ y\r railway report1 !y 7 n[ busi$ 9 discuss+ ! v>i\s spee*es & _! au?ors4 ,my dream is1 ,i am aw>e1 q unsuit$ = y\r columns1 & yet ,i s5d x to y4 ,!re are none ( its pictur$ calamities t lie beyond ! range ( possibility--nay1 !re are p]haps few ( !m t at ?is /age may n actually be fe>$2 b if s1 x is at lea/ equally sure t !re c be none ( !m t at ?is /age might n be av]t$4 ,,! ,,two ,,mr4 ,,cl>ks4 ,among ! "s six or eight & tw5ty volumes ( pamphlets :i* h be5 already produc$ by our ,*ur* controv]sy1 & :i* bid fair to compose b a "p ( ! :ole1 !re is "o pamphlet1 9 ! =m ( a ,s]mon1 :i* be>s date ,janu>y #ahdj1 & two o!r pamphlets1 9 ! =m ( ,dialogues1 :i* be> date ,april #ahdc4 ,! ,s]mon & ! ,dialogues discuss exactly ! same topics4 ,!y are writt5 9 exactly ! same /yle4 ,!y exhibit1 9 ! same set phrases1 ! same l>ge am\nt ( some:at obtrusive sanctimoni\sness4 ,!y are equally /rong 9 ! same confid5ce ( repres5t+1 on _! respective subjects1 ! true m9d ( ,deity4 ,!y solicit ! same circle ( read]s2 !y seem to h employ$ ! same f\nt ( types2 !y h emanat$ f ! same publi%]s4 ,!y are lik]1 9 %ort1 ?an ! tw9 bro!rs 9 ,%akespe>e's ,com$y ( ,errors2 & ! only mat]ial dissimil>ity :i* we h be5 yet able to discov] is1 t :]eas ! ,s]mon is a ?or\gh-go+ & uncompromis+ def5ce ( our ,evangelical majority 9 ! ,*ur*1 ! ,dialogues =m an equally ?or\gh-go+ & uncompromis+ attack ^u !m4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 comp>$ ) ! num]\s po9ts ( v]isimilitude1 ! read] w1 we are sure1 deem b a trifle1 especially :5 he has le>n$ fur!r t !y repres5t ! same m9d1 & h employ$ ! same p5--t ! ,s]mon 0 publi%$ by ! ,rev4 ,alex&] ,cl>k ( ,inv]ness 9 #ahdj1 & ! ,dialogues by ! ,rev4 ,alex&] ,cl>k ( ,inv]ness 9 #ahdc4 ,we sp5t an h\r at ! close ( twilight a few ev5+s ago1 9 runn+ ov] ! ,s]mon & ! ,dialogues1 & 9 comp>+ !m1 z we w5t along1 p>agraph by p>agraph1 & s5t5ce by s5t5ce4 ,we _h be=e u also "o ( ,mr4 ,cl>k's e>li] publications1 8 ,rights ( ,memb]s ( ! ,*ur* ( ,scotl&1 & a complete collection ( 8 anti-patronage spee*es = a s]ies ( ye>s1 z record$ 9 ,! ,*ur* ,patronage ,report]1 ) 8 spee* 'an5t lay patronage' 9 ! ,g5]al ,assembly1 :5 9 #ahcc he l$ ! debate on ! popul> side4 ,! publications1 9 all1 ext5d$ ov] a p]iod ( f\rte5 ye>s4 ,!y exhibit$ ,mr4 ,cl>k1 & :at ,mr4 ,cl>k _h held1 9 #ahbi1 9 #ahca1 9 #ahcb1 9 #ahcf1 9 #ahdj1 & 9 #ahdc4 ,we f\nd t we c\ld dip d[n ^u him1 z we w5t along1 l a sailor tak+ s\nd+s 9 ! rea*es ( "s inl& fri? or "s navigable riv]1 & asc]ta9 by ye> & day ! exact /ate ( 8 op9ions1 & :e!r !y 7 ris+ or fall+ at ! "t4 ,& our task1 if a melan*oly1 0 c]ta9ly no un9t]e/+ "o4 ,we succe$$ 9 br++ to ! surface1 f out ( ! oblivion t _h clos$ ov] !m1 _m a curi\s1 glitt]+1 useless little ?+1 some:at resembl+ ! decay$ %ells & phosphoric jellies t atta* !mselves to ! bottom ( ! deep-sea lead4 ,"h we f\nd ! tale ( a p]oration1 set z if on jo9ts1 t clatt]$ husky & dry l ! rattles ( a snake2 !re an argum5t spr\t+ into gre5 declamation1 l a damag$ e> ( corn 9 a wet h>ve/2 yond] a piece ( delightful egotism1 set full 9 s5tim5t l a m9iature ( ,mr4 ,cl>k 9 a t9sel frame4 ,:at seem$ mo/ rem>kable1 h[ev]1 9 at lea/ 8 e>li] productions1 0 _! ceaseless glitt] ( surface1 if we may s speak4 ,we f\nd !m lit]ally spr9kl$ ov] ) little bits ( brok5 figures1 z if ! rev]5d g5tleman _h p\nd$ 8 metaphors & comp>isons 9 a mort>1 & !n du/$ !m ov] 8 /yle4 ,x is ?us1 ?\ght we1 t our manufactur]s ( fancy wax deal by _! mica4 ,9 8 ,rights ( ,memb]s1 = in/ance1 we f\nd 9 "o page t '! gross errors ( ,romanism _h ris5 9 successive tides1 until ! light ( tru? suff]$ a fe>ful eclipse dur+ a long p]iod ( d>kness2' & we _h sc>ce suffici5tly admir$ ! sublime height ( tides t occasion eclipses1 :5 we 7 fur!r in=m$1 9 ! page imm$iately foll[+1 t ! god ( ?is _w 0 mu/]+ 8 multif>i\s ho/s = ! battle1 hop+1 amid/ ! waves ( popul> commotion1 'to blot out ! "n ( ,god f ! ,briti% ,con/itution4' ,assur$ly1 ?\ght we1 we h ! elem5ts ( no commonplace engagem5t "h4 ',multif>i\s ho/s1' fairly mu/]$1 & 'battl+' amid 'waves' 9 'commotion' to 'blot out a "n1' w\ld be a sight wor? look+ at1 ev5 ?\gh1 l ! old %eph]d 9 ! ,w9t]'s ,tale1 _! zeal %\ld lack foot+ amid ! wat]s4 ,b ?\gh deta9$ 9 ! c\rse ( our se>* by ! happ9esses ( ! rev]5d g5tleman1 we felt t x 0 n ) ! g5ius ( ,mr4 ,cl>k t we _h specially to d1 b ) 8 consi/5cy4 ,= elev5 ( ! f\rte5 ye>s ov] :i* our mat]ials ext5d$1 we f\nd ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,cl>k "o ( ! mo/ consi/5t ( m54 ,f 8 appe>ance on ! plat=m at ,ab]de5 9 #ahbi1 :5 he bes\ght 8 audi5ce n to deem x obtrusive 9 a /rang] t he v5tur$ to address !m1 & !n elicit$ _! l\d applauses by solicit+ _! pray]s = '"o m9i/] lab\r+ 9 nor!rn p>ts1' :o 'aspir$ to no high] di/9ction on e>? ?an t he %\ld sp5d & be sp5t 9 ! s]vice ( 8 de> ,"l & ,ma/]1' d[n to #ahdj1 :5 he publi%$ 8 s]mon on ! ',pres5t ,position ( ! ,*ur*1 & ! ,duty ( its ,memb]s1' & urg$1 ) ! solemnity ( an oa?1 t '! ,*ur* ( ,scotl& 0 engag$ 9 ass]t+ pr9ciples :i* ! allegiance x owes to ,*ri/ w\ld nev] p]mit x to des]t1' ,mr4 ,cl>k /ood =w>d on e occasion ! uncompromis+ *ampion ( spiritual indep5d5ce1 & ( ! rights ( ! ,*ri/ian p4 ,he took 8 place f> 9 ! van4 ,he 0 no m]e half-&-half non-intrusioni/1--no complaisant eulogi/ ( ! ,veto1--no timid d\bt] t ! ,*ur* 9 behalf ( h] p might possibly /ret* h] p[]s too f>1 & ?us sep>ate h] temporalities f h] cures4 ,no?+ c\ld be m absurd1 he ass]t$1 ?an to imag9e su* a ?+4 ,on p>ade day1 :5 %e /ood re/+ on h] arms 9 ! sun%9e1 ,mr4 ,cl>k 0 fugleman to 8 p>ty1--n m]ely a front man 9 ! front rank1 b a man f> 9 advance ( ! front rank4 ,nay1 ev5 aft] ! collision _h tak5 place1 ,mr4 ,cl>k c\ld urge on 8 bre?r5 t all t 0 necess>y to secure !m ! victory 0 j to g a little fur!r ahead1 & deprive _! refractory lic5tiates ( _! lic5ces4 ,we f\nd t = elev5 ( ! f\rte5 ye>s1 z we h said1 ,mr4 ,cl>k 0 uni=mly consi/5t4 ,b 9 ! twelf? ye> ! conflict became actually dang]\s1 & ,mr4 ,cl>k all at once dropp$ 8 consi/5cy4 ,! great sudd5ness--! extreme abruptness--( ! *ange1 gave to x ! effect ( a trick ( leg]dema94 ,! conjur] puts a pigeon into an e>!n pipk91 gives ! vessel a %ake1 & !n turns x up1 & lo6 out leaps ! little inc>c]at$ animal1 no long] a pigeon1 b a rat4 ,x 0 ?us ) ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,cl>k4 ,adv]sity1 l ,vice 9 ! fable1 took ^u h]self ! "* ( a juggl]1 & /epp+ full into ! middle ( ! ,*ur* "q1 began to play at cup & ball4 ,no?+1 c]ta9ly1 c\ld be m wond]ful ?an ! trans=mations %e effect$2 & ! special trans=mation effect$ on ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,cl>k surpass$ 9 ! m>vell\s all ! o!rs4 ,%e ?rew ! rev]5d g5tleman into a box1 gave him a sm>t %ake1 & !n flung him out aga91 & lo6 to ! a/oni%m5t ( all m51 :at w5t 9 ,mr4 ,cl>k1 came out ,mr4 ,bisset ( ,b\rtie4 ,9 ord]1 app>5tly1 t s great a m>vel %\ld n be lo/ to ! _w1 ,mr4 ,cl>k has be5 at no little tr\ble 9 %[+ himself1 bo? be=e he w5t 9 & s9ce he came out4 ,8 pamphlet ( #ahdj & 8 pamphlets ( #ahdc repres5t him 9 ! two /ates3 we see him go+ ab\t 9 !m1 all ov] ! c\ntry1 to ! ext5t ( _! circulation1 l ! m5dicant pip] 9 8 g-c>t1--mak+ op5 proclamation ev]y:]e1 ',i am ! man wot *ang$2' & ! only uncom=table feel+ "o has 9 contemplat+ !m z curiosities1 arises solely f ! air ( heavy sanctity t p]vades equally all _! diametrically oppos$ doctr9es1 contradictory ass]tions1 & cont5d+ views1 z if ,deity c\ld decl>e equally = tru? & error1 j z tru? & error *anc$ to be held by ,mr4 ,cl>k4 ,( s solemn a ca/ are ! rev]5d g5tleman's bellig]5t pamphlets1 t !y s]ve to rem9d "o ( antagoni/ witnesses swe>+ po9t blank 9 "o ano!r's faces at ! ,old ,bailey4 ,su* 7 "s ( ! ?\ghts :i* arose 9 our m9d :5 sp5d+ an h\r all alone ) ! ,rev4 ,mr ,cl>k's pamphlets4 ,we be?\ght u ( an ,ea/]n /ory ab\t a v wick$ pr9ce :o ru9$ ! fair fame ( 8 bro!r1 by assum+ 8 body j z he might 8 greatcoat1 & !n do+ a _w ( mis*ief "u ! cov] ( 8 "n & appe>ance4 ,:at1 ?\ght we1 if ?is1 aft] all1 be b a trick ( a simil> "*8 ,dr4 ,bryce has be5 long 9 ,ea/]n p>ts1 & kn[s d\btless a great deal ab\t ! occult sci5ces4 ,we w\ld n be mu* surpris$ %\ld x turn out1 t hav+ inject$ himself into ! framework ( ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,cl>k1 he is n[ mak+ ! poor man appe> grossly inconsi/5t1 & bo? an ,era/ian & an ,intrusioni/1 simply by act+ ?r\gh ! ins5sate c>case4 ,! v]itable ,mr4 ,cl>k may be ly+ 9 deep slumb] all ?is :ile 9 ! gho/ cave ( ,munlo*y1 l "o ( ! sev5 sleep]s ( ,ephesus1 or /&+ entranc$1 "u ! influ5ces ( fairy-l&1 9 "s bosky recess ( ! haunt$ ,tomnahuri*4 ,we mu/ j glance ov] ^! ,dialogues aga91 & see :e!r we _c detect ,dr4 ,bryce 9 !m4 ,& glance ov] !m we did4 ,!re c\ld be no d5y+ t ! ,doctor 0 !re1 & ?is 9 a mu* m extreme %ape ?an he ev] yet wore 9 8 own prop] p]son4 ,dr4 ,bryce ass]ts1 = in/ance1 9 8 spee*es & pamphlets1 t ! lib]ty = :i* ! ,*ur* has be5 cont5d+ is a lib]ty incompatible ) h] place & /&+ z an ,e/abli%m5t--& !re he /ops2 b we f\nd him ass]t+ 9 ,mr4 ,cl>k's ,dialogues1 t x is a lib]ty at once s dang]\s & illegal1 t ,volunt>ies mu/ n be p]mitt$ to enjoy x ei!r4 ,we saw v>i\s o!r po9ts equally /rik+ z we w5t along4 ,our att5tion1 h[ev]1 0 gradually drawn to ano!r matt]4 ,! dramatis p]son to :i* ! read] is introduc$ are a m9i/] & two ( 8 p>i%ion]s1 ! "o a ,mod]ate1 ! o!r a ,convocationi/4 ,x is int5d$1 ( c\rse1 t ! cl]ical g5tleman %\ld c>ry ! argum5t all 8 own way2 & we c\ld n help admir+ h[1 ) an eye to ?is result1 ! writ] _h succe$$ 9 mak+ ! p>i%ion]s s amaz+ly sup]ficial 9 _! in=mation1 & s +5i\sly obtuse 9 _! intellects4 ,!y _h bo? be5 call$ into exi/5ce ) ! int5tion ( be+ baffl$ & beat51 & made1 ) a wise adaptation ( means to ! desir$ end1 consummate blockheads = ! express purpose4 ',a man is a mu* nobl] animal ?an a lion1' said ! woodman 9 ! fable to ! %aggy k+ ( ! =e/2 '& if y b come to yond] temple ) me1 ,i w %[ y1 9 pro( ( ! fact1 ! /atue ( a man lord+ x ov] ! /atue ( a pro/rate lion4' ',aha6' said ! %aggy k+ ( ! =e/ 9 reply1 'b 0 ! sculptor a lion8 ,let u lions become sculptors1 & !n we w %[ y lions lord+ x ov] pro/rate m54' ,9 ,mr4 ,cl>k's argum5tative ,dialogues1 ,mr4 ,cl>k is ! sculptor4 ,x is really refre%+1 h[ev]1 9 ^! days ( cold +ratitude1 to see h[ ! creatures call$ into exi/5ce by 8 p5 draw r\nd him1 & s+ ,io ,pans 9 8 praise4 ,a brace ( ,ma/] ,sl5d]s att5d ! great ,ju/ice ,%all[1 :o has be5 lit]ally ! mak+ ( !m2 & :5 at 8 bidd+ !y engage ) him 9 mimic w>f>e1 !y b pelt him ) roses1 or spr9kle him ov] ) eau de ,cologne4 ',ah1' ?\ght we1 '_h we b ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k "h to take a "p 9 ?is fray--! ,mr4 ,cl>k :o publi%$ ! great non-intrusion s]mon1 & wrote ! ,rights ( ,memb]s1 & spoke all ! long anti-patronage spee*es1 & l$ ! debate 9 ! ,assembly an5t ! rights ( ! p1 & decl>$ x cle> z day t ! ,*ur* _h p[] to enact ! ,veto1--_h we b him "h1 he w\ld be ! man to fight ?is battle4 ,x w\ld be no su* *ild's play to grapple ) him4 ,unaccu/om$ z we are to lay wag]s1 we w\ld /ake a hundr$ p\nds to a groat on ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k6' ,! twilight _h fall51 ! flames rose blue & languid 9 ! grate1 ! deep %ad[s flick]$ heavily on ! walls & ceil+2 !re 0 a dr[sy influ5ce 9 ! h\r1 & a /ill dr[si] influ5ce 9 ! ,dialogues1 & we ?9k--= :at foll[$ c\ld h be5 only a dream--we ?9k we mu/ h fall5 asleep4 ,at all ev5ts1 ! sc5e *ang$ )\t any ex]tion on our "p1 & we f\nd ourselves 9 a quiet retir$ spot 9 ! vic9ity ( ,inv]ness4 ,! 'hill ( ! %ip1' t mon>* ( ,fairy ,tomhans1 rose imm$iately 9 front1 gaily fea!r$ ov] ) l>* & =e/ trees2 &1 t]m9at+ a long vi/a 9 ! backgr\nd1 we saw ,mr4 ,cl>k's ,we/ ,kirk1 surm\nt$ by a va/ wea!rcock ( gild$ t94 ,ev] & anon ! bauble turn$ its huge side to ! sun1 & ! reflect$ light w5t danc+ f> & wide a?w>t ! l&scape4 ,imm$iately b5ea? ! wea!rcock !re fl>$ an imm5se tablet1 surm\nt$ by a lead5 ,fame1 & bord]$ by a r[ ( gongs & trumpets1 :i* bore1 9 ?ree-feet lett]s1 t1 '9 ord] to secure s valuable an addition to ! *ur* accommodation ( ! p>i%1 ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,cl>k _h n hesitat$1 on 8 own p]sonal risk1 to gu>antee ! paym5t ( ?ree ?\s& p\nds4' ,our eyes 7 at fir/ s dazzl$ by ! blaze ( ! lack]+--= ! *>act]s %one to ! sun z if on fire--t we c\ld see no?+ else4 ,z we gaz$ m att5tively1 h[ev]1 we c\ld p]ceive t e /one & slate ( ! build+ bore1 l ! tablet1 ! "n ( ,mr4 ,cl>k4 ,! endless repetition pres5t$ ! appe>ance ( a *ur*y>d inscription view$ ?r\gh a multiply+ glass2 b :at mo/ a/oni%$ u 0 t ! ,go?ic heads1 c>v$ by pairs beside ! labell$ w9d[s1 op5$ wide _! /ony lips f "t to "t1 & %\t$ al\d1 9 a voice some:at resembl+ t ( ! dome/ic duck :5 %e breaks out into sudd5 clam\r 9 a hot1 dry day1 ',cl>k1 ,cl>k1 ,cl>k6' ,we /ood n a little appall$ at ^! wond]s1 m>vell+ :at 0 to come next1 :5 lo6 "o ( ! ?ickets ( ! ,tomhan beside u op5$ its int]lac$ & twi/$ bran*es1 & out /epp$ ! lik5ess ( ,mr4 ,cl>k1 attir$ l a conjur]1 & arm$ ) a rod4 ,8 portly bulk 0 enwrapp$ 9 a volum9\s sc>f ( *ang+-col\r$ silk1 t1 :5 x caught ! light 9 "o direction1 exhibit$ ! deep sc>let ( a c>d9al's mantle1 & pres5t$1 :5 x caught x 9 ano!r1 ! sob] t+e ( our ,presbyt]ian blue4 ,l ! cloak ( ,asmodeus1 x 0 cov]$ ov] ) figures4 ,9 "o corn] we c\ld see ! ,g5]al ,assembly done 9 m9iature1 & ,mr4 ,cl>k ris+ among ! memb]s l ,gulliv] 9 ,lilliput1 to move aga9/ ! deposition ( ! sev5 m9i/]s ( ,/ra?bogie4 ,9 ano!r ! same rev]5d g5tleman1 drawn on ! same l>ge scale1 0 j gett+ on 8 legs at a political d9n]1 to d5\nce 8 old fri5ds & allies ! ,evangelicals1 z wild de/ructives1 'engag$ 9 urg+ on ! fall ( ! ,e/abli%m5t1 9 ! desp]ation ( human pride4' ,"h we c\ld see him baptiz+ ! *ild ( a p]son :o1 z he _h fall5 out ( *ur*-go+ habits1 c\ld get x baptiz$ n[h]e else2 !re exam9$ 9 8 presbyt]y = ! (f5ce ) clos$ doors2 yond] writ+ lett]s to ! newspap]s on ! subject1 to say t1 if he _h baptiz$ ! man's *ild1 x 0 all because ! man 01 l himself1 a good hat] ( =c$ settlem5ts4 ,!re 7 a great _m o!r vignettes besides2 & ! la/ 9 ! s]ies 0 ! sc5e enact$ at ! late ,inv]ness ,presbyt]y1 :5 ,mr4 ,cl>k rose to congratulate 8 old associates1 9 all ! /]n sev]ity ( consi/5t virtue1 on ! facile & 'squeezable' "* ( _! repres5tative = ! ,assembly4 ,! conjur] came out into an op5 space1 drew a circle ar\nd him1 & !n began to build up on ! sw>d two little human figures ab\t ?ree feet high1 z boys build up figures ( sn[ at ! comm5cem5t ( a ?aw4 ,h>lequ9 p]=ms a some:at simil> feat 9 "o ( ! pantomimes4 ,he fir/ sets up two c>rots on end1 to s]ve = legs2 balances on !m ! head ( a l>ge cabbage1 to s]ve = a body2 /icks on two o!r c>rots1 to s]ve = arms2 places a r\nd turnip betwe5 !m1 to s]ve = a head2 gives ! crazy erection a bl[ ) 8 la? sword1 & /raightway (f x /alks1 a vegetable man4 ,mr4 ,cl>k _h1 9 l mann]1 no soon] built up 8 figures1 ?an1 ) a peculi>ly bl& air1 & 9 tones ( ! s(te/ liquidity1 he :isp]$ into ! e> ( ! "o1 ,be y a ,convocationi/1 & into t ( ! o!r1 ,be y a ,mod]ate2 & !n ) 8 *>m$ rod he tapp$ !m across ! %\ld]s1 & set !m a-walk+4 ,! creatures /raightway j]k$ up _! little heads to ! angle ( 8 face1 b[$ l a brace ( automaton danc+-ma/]s1 & aft] pac+ r\nd 8 knees = a few seconds1 began ,dialogue ! fir/1 9 j ! set t]ms 9 :i* we _h be5 read+ x beside our own fire n half an h\r be=e4 ,x seem$1 = a few seconds1 z if ! conjur] & 8 creations _h jo9$ toge!r 9 a trio1 to celebrate ! conjur]'s own praises4 ',excell5t cl]gyman6' said ! ,convocationi/4 ',incomp>able man6' exclaim$ ! ,mod]ate4 ',no m9i/] l our m9i/]6' said ! two 9 a brea?4 ',ah1 g5tlem51' said ! conjur]1 look+ mode/ly d[n1 'ev5 my v enemies nev] v5ture to d5y t4' ',y1 sir1' said ! ,convocationi/1 'br+ on no occasion ! ,*ur* "q to ! pulpit2 y "k bett]--y h m s5se3 we h q z mu* ( ! ,*ur* "q z is good = u ?r\gh ! week4' ',= y1 sir1' *im$ 9 ! ,mod]ate1 ',i h long *]i%$ ! mo/ ?or\gh respect2 b z = y\r old p>ty1 ,i dislike !m m ?an ev]4' ',i am n m]c5>y1 g5tlem51' said ! conjur]1 lay+ 8 h& on 8 brea/2 ',i am n timid1 ,i am n idle2 ,i am a g5]\s1 dilig5t1 dauntless1 atta*$ pa/or2 ,i give alms ( all ,i possess--9 especial to ! public *>ities2 ,i make long pray]s1--my v be/ fri5ds (t5 urge on me t my va/ lab\rs1 weekly & daily1 are und]m9+ my /r5g?2 ,i fa/ (t51--,i h gu>ante$ ! paym5t ( ?ree ?\s& p\nds = ! ,we/ ,kirk1 & ?ree-f\r?s ( my /ip5d h gone ?is ye> to ! liquidation ( self-impos$ liabilities4 ,true1 ,i w be ev5tually repaid1--t is1 if my p don't leave me2 b ,i h no o!r security beyond my confid5ce 9 ! goodness ( ! cause1 & ! cont9u$ lib]ality ( my c\ntrym54' ,& 9 ?is /yle w\ld ! rev]5d g5tleman h cont9u$ d[n to ! bottom ( ! fif? page 9 8 fir/ ,dialogue1 _h x n be5 = a s+ul>ly port5t\s & t]rible int]ruption4 ,! haunt$ ,tomnahuri* rose1 z we h said1 imm$iately beh9d u1 leafy & gre52 & n "o ( its multitude ( b\ghs trembl$ 9 ! sun%9e4 ,sudd5ly1 h[ev]1 ! hill-side began to move4 ,!re 0 a l[ deep noise l di/ant ?und]2 & /raightway ! dbris ( a l&slip came roll+ d[nw>ds1 half oblit]at+ 9 its c\rse ! circle ( ! conjur]4 ,turf1 & clay1 & /one lay 9 a m+l$ ru9 at our feet2 & wriggl+ 9 ! mid/1 l a huge blue-bottle 9 an old cobweb1 !re 0 a rev]5d g5tleman dress$ 9 black4 ,he ga!r$ himself up1 sprung deftly to 8 feet1 & /ood front+ ! conjur]4 ,wond]ful to relate1 ! man 9 black prov$ to be ! v]itable ,mr4 ,cl>k ( ?ree ye>s ago--,mr4 ,cl>k ( #ahdj--,mr4 ,cl>k :o publi%$ ! great non-intrusion disc\rse1 :o wrote ! ,rights ( ,memb]s1 :o spoke ! long anti-patronage spee*es1 :o l$ ! debate 9 ! ,assembly an5t ! rights ( ! p1 & :o decl>$ x cle> z day t ! ,*ur* _h p[] to enact ! ,veto4 ,! conjur] />t$ backw>ds l a man :o receives a mortal w\nd3 ! two little figures utt]$ a ?9 scrannel %riek apiece1 & !n slunk out ( exi/5ce4 ',avoid ye1' exclaim$ ! conjur]1 ',avoid ye6 ,conjuro te1 conjuro te6' ,he !n w5t on to mutt]1 z if by way ( exorcism1 9 l[ & v rapid tones1 ',i h no anxiety to refute ! *>ge ( inconsi/5cy1 :i* "s h endeav\r$ to fa/5 on me1 f deta*$ portions ( :at ,i h writt5 or spok51 dur+ sev]al ye>s1 on :at may be t]m$ ,*ur* politics4 ,9 matt]s n ess5tial to salvation1 increas$ light or advanc$ exp]i5ce may prop]ly produce *ange ( s5tim5t 9 ! mo/ enlight5$ & consci5ti\s ,*ri/ian4 ,= a man to ass]t t he is subject to no *ange1 is to lay claim to "o ( ! p]fections----' ,dialogue #a/1 p4 #f4 ',& s y won't g out1' said ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k1 int]rupt+ him4 ',no1 sir1' repli$ ! conjur]4 ',i h maturely consid]$ ! propos$ secession f ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur*1 &1 )\t pron\nc+ any judgm5t on ! motives or do+s ( o!rs :o may ?9k or act diff]5tly1 ,i deeply feel t 9 su* a measure ,i c\ld n jo9 )\t manife/ s9 aga9/ ! light ( my consci5ce4'--,dialogue #a/1 p4 #d4 ',ah1' rejo9$ ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k1 'did ,i n say x w\ld be s8 ,i knew !re w\ld be f\nd a set ( recreant prie/s1 :o1 = a pitiful morsel ( ! _w's bread1 w\ld submit to be ! in/rum5ts ( trampl+ on ! blood-b\ght rights ( ! ,scotti% p1 & call !mselves a ,*ur*1 :ile dep>t+ f _! allegiance to ,him :o is ! s\rce ( all true ecclesia/ical au?ority2 b nev] c ^! con/itute ! ,*ur* ( ,scotl&6'--,s]mon1 p4 #dj4 ',i _c reconcile x ) ! views ,i h long ent]ta9$ ( my duty to ! ,*ur* & to ! c\ntry1' said ! conjur]1 'to sec$e f ! ,national ,e/abli%m5t1 simply because x wants :at x want$ :5 ,i became "o ( its m9i/]s4'--,dialogue #a/1 p4 #ab4 ',want$ :5 y became "o ( its m9i/]s6' exclaim$ ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k4 ',no1 sir4 ,! civil c\rts are n[ compell+ ob$i5ce 9 cases 9 :i* !y h no jurisdiction1 & h levell$ ) ! gr\nd ! indep5d5t jurisdiction ( ! ,*ur*1--a ,*ur* be>+ 9 its diadem a ho/ ( m>tyrs1 & :i* nev] hi!rto submitt$ to ! supremacy ( any p[]1 except+ t ( ! ,son ( ,god4'--,s]mon1 pp4 #ei-fc4 ',i won't g out1' reit]at$ ! conjur]4 ',well1 y h told me :at y h long deem$ to be y\r duty1' said ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k4 ',i %all repeat to y1 9 turn1 :at ,i ?ree ye>s ago record$ z m9e4 ,x is ! duty ( ! ,*ur*1 ,i said1 to ma9ta9 its position1 confirm$ z x is by solemn /atutes & by ! fai? ( national treaties1 until t %all be ov]?r[n by ! delib]ate decision ( ! ,/ate itself4 ,%\ld su* a circum/ance really occur1 z t ! ,legislature %\ld insi/ t ! ,*ur* holds its end[m5ts on ! express condition ( its r5d]+ to civil au?ority ! subjection :i* x c consi/5tly yield to ,*ri/ alone1 !re be+ !n a pla9 violation ( ! t]ms on :i* ! ,*ur* ent]$ into alliance ) ! ,/ate1 t alliance mu/ be dissolv$1 z "o :i* c be no long] cont9u$1 b by r5d]+ to m5 :at is due to ,god4'--,s]mon1 p4 #bh4 ',i d5y entirely & 9 toto1' said ! conjur]1 't ! pres5t controv]sy involves ! doctr9e ( ! ,head%ip4'--,see #b;d ,dialogue4 ',admit1' said ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k1 'b ! "r ( secul> c\rts to review1 & ?us to confirm or annul1 ! proce$+s ( ! ,scotti% ,*ur* 9 "o ( ! mo/ important spiritual functions1 & ! same p[] may soon be1 "u v>i\s pretexts1 us$ to control all ! inf]ior dep>tm5ts ( its ecclesia/ical proc$ure4 ,w any man say t a society ?us ackn[l$g+ ! supremacy ( a diff]5t p[] f t ( ,*ri/ is any long] to be reg>d$ z a bran* ( ! ,*ur* ^: unity *iefly exi/s 9 adh]5ce to ,him z its ,head8'--,s]mon1 p4 #de4 ',! claim1' said ! conjur]1 'is ess5tially ,papal4'--,dialogue #b;d1 p4 #f4 ',no1' repli$ ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k1 'n ,papal1 b ,prote/ant3 our confessors & m>tyrs *ose to suff] = x ! loss ( all _! worldly goods1 & to incur ! pa9s ( dea? 9 its mo/ appall+ =ms4'--,s]mon1 p4 #de4 ',papal not)/&+1' reit]at$ ! conjur]4 ',b x is n to be wond]$ at1 t 9 ! e>lie/ /ages ( ! ,re=mation1 m5 newly come out ( ! ,*ur* ( ,rome %\ld h be5 l$ to ass]t = ! (fice-be>]s ( _! ,*ur* ! pr]ogatives :i* ,romanism claim$ = h] own4'--,dialogue #b;d1 p4 #g4 ',:at6' exclaim$ ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k1 'is n ! pres5t conte/ cle>ly = ! rights ( ! memb]s ( ,*ri/1--rights manife/ly recognis$ 9 ,8 ^w1 & involv+ ,8 ,head%ip8'--,s]mon1 p4 #cg4 ,see also p4 #ca4 ',n at all1' repli$ ! conjur]4 ',! "q is "o ( faction1 & ( faction only4 ,/ruggles = ! victory ( m]e p>ties h be5 z injuri\s to vital godl9ess 9 ! ,*ur* z ! same cause has be5 to ! true prosp]ity ( ! ,/ate4'--,dialogue #a/1 p4 #ae4 ',faction6' exclaim$ ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k2 '! ,*ur* ( ,scotl& is n[ engag$ 9 ass]t+ pr9ciples :i* ! allegiance x owes to ,*ri/ w nev] p]mit x to des]t4 ,& let x be rung 9 ! e>s ( ! p ( ,scotl&1 t ! great reason :y ! ass]t+ ( ! ,*ur*'s spiritual jurisdiction is s clamor\sly condemn$ 9 c]ta9 qu>t]s1 is because x is employ$ to ma9ta9 ! rights ( ! p4'--,s]mon1 pp4 #cg-ci4 ',to be above ! au?ority ( ! law1 no ,*ur* 9 ?is c\ntry c be1' said ! conjur]4 ',! ,*ur* c\rts w\ld be able1 7 _! pr9ciples fully recognis$1 to tread "u foot ! rights ( ! p z effectually z ev] !y resi/$ ^? ( patrons4'--,dialogue #a/1 pp4 #ad & #af4 ',no?+ c be m absurd ?an su* ins9uations1' exclaim$ ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k4 ',! ,*ur* disclaims e k9d ( civil au?ority1 & simply requires t !re be no int]f]5ce on ! "p ( civil rul]s ) its spiritual functions4 ,h[ t :i* decl9es a jurisdiction 9 civil matt]s1 c 9 any s5se ( ! ^w1 or 9 any conceivable circum/ances1 be injuri\s to civil lib]ty1 x is impossible to conceive4'--,s]mon1 p4 #cb4 ',alas1' said ! conjur]1 'if ! ,*ur* by rec5t ev5ts has be5 exhibit$ 9 a l[] position ?an ,scotsm5 ev] saw x plac$ 9 be=e1 ?is has be5 occasion$ by ! unhappy attitude ( defiance ( ! civil tribunals 9 :i* x 0 unadvis$ly plac$1 & :i* no body1 h[ev] v5]able1 c be p]mitt$ to occupy ) impunity 9 a well-gov]n$ c\ntry4'--,dialogue #a/1 p4 #ab4 ',degradation6' indignantly exclaim$ ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k2 'did ! ,*ur*1 9 consequ5ce ( ! f9d+s ( ! civil c\rts1 proce$ to act 9 opposition to :at x believes & has solemnly decl>$ to be f\nd$ on ! ,scripture1 & agreeable !reto1 x w\ld exhibit itself to ! _w a disgrac$ & degrad$ society1 utt]ly fall5 f ! fai?fulness to religi\s duty :i* m>k$ =m] p]iods ( its hi/ory4'--,s]mon1 p4 #ba4 ',cle> x is1' said ! conjur]1 't ! ,*ur* mu/ n be p]mitt$ to reta9 ) impunity h] attitude ( defiance to ! civil tribunals4 ,7 x o!rwise1 an ecclesia/ical p[] might come to be e/abli%$ 9 ?is k+dom1 fully able to trample uncontroll$ on ! mo/ sacr$ rights ( ! nation4'--,dialogue #a/1 p4 #ab4 ',no?+1 ,i repeat1' said ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k1 'c be m absurd ?an ! ins9uation4 ,! lib]ties ( ! ,*ur* ( ,scotl& h be5 (t5 assail$ by ! civil au?orities ( ! l&1 b uni=mly by ^? :o 7 equally ho/ile to ! civil fre$om ( ! c\ntry4 ,its rights 71 dur+ "o dre>y p]iod1 s effectually ov]?r[n1 t none /ood up to ass]t !m b ! devot$ b& :o1 9 ! wilde/ fa/nesses ( _! c\ntry1 7 (t5 compell$ by ! viol5ce ( milit>y rule to wat] ) _! blood ! moors1 :]e !y r5d]$ homage to ! ,k+ ( ,zion2 :ile1 9 ! sun%9e ( c\rtly fav\r1 ecclesia/ics mov$1 :o )\t fe> b>t]$1 = _! own sordid ga91 ! blood-b\ght lib]ties ( ! ,*ur* ( ,god1 & %[$ !mselves z will+ to subv]t ! civil rights ( _! c\ntrym5 z !y _h be5 to de/roy _! religi\s privileges4'--,s]mon1 p4 #cj4 ',to be above ! law1' reit]at$ ! conjur]1 'no ,*ur* 9 ?is c\ntry c be4'--,dialogue #a/1 p4 #af4 ',!re may arise v>i\s occasions1' said ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k1 'on :i* ! injunctions ( man may int]f]e ) ! injunctions ( ,god2 & 9 e su* case a ,*ri/ian man mu/ yield ob$i5ce to ! au?ority ( ! highe/ ,"l4'--,s]mon1 p4 #bb4 ',sad case t ( ,/ra?bogie6' ejaculat$ ! conjur]4 ',v sad1' repli$ ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k4 ',:at is y\r v]sion ( x8' ',li/51' said ! conjur]4 ',:at has be5 t]m$ ! ,veto ,law 0 enact$ less ?an t5 ye>s ago1 & aft] l5g!n$ legal proce$+s1 0 decl>$ illegal by ! ,h\se ( ,lords1 ! highe/ judicial au?ority 9 ?is k+dom4 ,= proce$+s adopt$ 9 con=mity to ?is decision1 sev5 m9i/]s 9 ! ,presbyt]y ( ,/ra?bogie 7 fir/ susp5d$ & !n depos$ f _! m9i/]ial (fices1 )\t any o!r *>ges laid aga9/ !m ?an t !y s\ght ! protection ( ! civil c\rts 9 act+ accord+ to _! decision4 ,= refus+ to obey a law :i* ! ,h\se ( ,lords decl>$ to be illegal1 no m9i/] c be lawfully depos$ f 8 (fice 9 ?is c\ntry1 unless we are prep>$ to adopt a pr9ciple :i* w\ld ultimately subv]t ! entire au?ority ( ! law4 ,! civil c\rts1 simply on ! gr\nd t ^! m9i/]s _h be5 depos$ = obey+ ! /atutes ( ! realm1 rev]s$ ! s5t5ce1 z :at 0 beyond ! lawful p[]s ( any ,*ur* 9 ?is l&1 :e!r ,volunt>y or ,e/abli%$4 ,& on ! same pr9ciple1 !y int]f]$ to prev5t any f treat+ !m z susp5d$ or depos$4'--,dialogue #a/1 p4 #aj4 ',a mo/ injuri\s repres5tation ( ! case1' said ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k4 ',sev5 m9i/]s1 =m+ ! majority ( ! ,presbyt]y ( ,/ra?bogie1 *ose to intimate _! resolution to take /eps t[>ds ! settlem5t ( ,mr4 ,edw>ds z m9i/] ( ,m>no*1 9 defiance ( ! opposition ( almo/ all ! p>i%ion]s1 & 9 direct contempt ( ! in/ructions giv5 !m by ! sup]ior *ur* c\rts4 ,! civil c\rts 9 ! meantime m]ely decl>$ _! op9ion ( ! law1 b !y issu$ no injunction :atev]1 s z to give ! presbyt]y ! pretext ( *oos+ betwe5 obey+ ! "o or ! o!r jurisdiction2 & !y violat$ ! express injunction ( ! supreme *ur* c\rt1 )\t be+ able to plead 9 ju/ification t !y _h be5 compell$ by ! civil au?ority to d s4 ,!y *ose to act ultrone\sly 9 violation ( _! duty to ! ,*ur*4 ,!y _h solemnly promis$ to obey ! sup]ior *ur* c\rts1 & _h nev] come "u any promise to obey 9 spiritual ?+s any o!r au?ority4 ,9 propos+ to take ! usual /eps = conf]r+ ! spiritual (fice ( a pa/or 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,*ri/1 9 defiance ( ! injunction laid ^u !m by ! supreme c\rt ( ! ,*ur* ( ,scotl&1 !y pla9ly violat$ _! ord9ation engagem5ts4 ,& 9 actually orda9+ ,mr4 ,edw>ds1 ! :ole proc$ure 0 a solemn mock]y ( holy ?+s4'--,s]mon1 p4 #bf4 ',aft] all1' said ! conjur]1 ) a sigh1 '! agitat$ "q is b ( inf]ior mom5t4'--,dialogue #a/1 p4 #c4 ',inf]ior mom5t6' exclaim$ ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k2 'no religi\s "q ( ! same magnitude & importance has come be=e ?is c\ntry s9ce ! ev]-memorable ,revolution 9 #afhh4 ,! divisions ( secul> p>tisan%ip s9k into utt] insignificance :5 comp>$ ) ?is4 ,let ! pr9ciples once become triumphant = :i* ! ,c\rt ( ,session is n[ cont5d+1 & ! ,*ur* ( ,scotl& is ru9$4'--,s]mon1 pp4 #g & #ei4 ',ru9$6' %\t$ out ! conjur]2 'x is y :o are ru9+ ! ,*ur*1 by urg+ on ! disruption4 ,= my own "p1 ,i promis$1 z all m9i/]s d at _! ord9ation1 nev]1 directly or indirectly1 to endeav\r h] subv]sion1 or to foll[ divisive c\rses1 b to ma9ta9 h] unity & peace aga9/ error & s*ism1 :atsoev] tr\ble or p]secution might arise2 & n[1 9 agreem5t ) my solemn ord9ation engagem5ts1 h ,i det]m9$ to hold by h] to ! la/4'--,dialogue #a/1 p4 #i4 ',:at mean y by ! ,*ur*8' ask$ ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k4 ',! ,*ur* & ! e/abli%m5t ( x are surely v diff]5t ?+s4 ,m5 h talk$ ( !mselves z fri5ds ( ! ,*ur*1 because !y 7 ! fri5ds ( its civil e/abli%m5t1 & l\dly declaim aga9/ ! proce$+s ( ! majority ( its (fice-be>]s n[1 z fraught ) dang] to ?is object4 ,b :at d !y mean by ! civil e/abli%m5t ( an ,era/ian ,*ur*6 ,is x possible t !y mean by x ! receiv+ ( c]ta9 pecuni>y end[m5ts z a price = r5d]+ a divid$ allegiance to ! ,son ( ,god8 ,if t be _! mean+1 x is "t !y & ! c\ntry at l>ge %\ld "k t ! ,*ur* ( ,scotl& 0 nev] e/abli%$ on su* pr9ciples4'--,s]mon1 p4 #db4 ',x is n true1 h[ev]1' said ! conjur]1 't ! majority ( ! fai?ful m9i/]s ( ,scotl& h resolv$ to ab&on ! ,e/abli%m5t1 ?\gh ?is may be ! case 9 "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry4'--,dialogue #a/1 p4 #af4 ',n true1 sir6' said ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k2 'no?+ c be m true4 ,all--all w leave x except a set ( recreant prie/s1 :o = a pitiful morsel ( ?is _w's bread w submit to be ! in/rum5ts ( trampl+ on ! blood-b\ght rights ( ! ,scotti% p4'--,s]mon1 p4 #db4 ',:at has pa9$ me mo/ 9 all ?is controv]sy1' rem>k$ ! conjur]1 'has be5 ! insidi\s mann] 9 :i* c]ta9 p]sons h endeav\r$ to s[ disunion--9 "s cases too successfully--betwe5 m9i/]s & _! he>]s4'--,dialogue #a/1 p4 #c4 ',sir1' exclaim$ ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k1 ',sir1 e individual w\ld d well to rememb]1 :5 summon$ to su* a conte/ z ?is1 ! curse d5\nc$ aga9/ ,m]oz = rema9+ 9 neutrality :5 ! battle rag$ 9 ,israel4 ,?is curse 0 d5\nc$ by ! angel ( ! ,"l1 & is writt5 = ! admonition ( all ages1 z a demon/ration ( ! feel+s ) :i* ,god reg>ds ! /&+ alo(1 9 a great religi\s /ruggle1 by :atev] motives x may be s\ght to be ju/ifi$4'--,s]mon1 p4 #ei4 ',! m5 :o ?us s[ disunion1' said ! conjur]1 'nev] v5ture to d5y t !y1 ^: usefulness !y endeav\r to de/roy1 are m9i/]s ( ! gospel1--urg+ on ! acceptance ( a slumb]+ _w ! message ( cele/ial m]cy1 :i* mu/ produce results ( weal or woe de/9$ to be et]nally rememb]$1 :5 ! /rifes ( words :i* h agitat$ ! ,*ur* on e>? are all =gott54'--,dialogue #a/1 p4 #d4 ',hold1 hold1 sir1' said ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k4 ',on ! ev5t ( ?is /ruggle dep5ds n m]ely ! temporal int]e/s ( our c\ntry1 b ! welf>e ( _m immortal spirits ?r\gh ! ceaseless ages ( future be+4'--,s]mon1 p4 #fj4 ',x is s di/ract+ a subject ?is ,*ur* "q1' said ! conjur]1 't ,i make x a po9t ( duty nev] to br+ x to ! pulpit4'--,dialogue #a/1 p4 #c4 ',9 t y & ,i diff]1' said ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k1 'j z we d 9 o!r matt]s4 ,i h writt5 v long s]mons on ! subject1 ay1 & publi%$ !m too2 & 9 p>ticul> beg leave to recomm5d to y\r c>eful p]usal my s]mon on ! ,pres5t ,position1 prea*$ 9 ,inv]ness on ! ev5+ ( ! #ai? ,janu>y #ahdj4' ',i suppose y h he>d x said1 t ,i *ang$ my views f ! fe> ( worldly loss1' said ! conjur]4--,dialogue #a/1 p4 #d4 ',he>d x said6' said ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k4 ',y =get t ,i h be5 bottl$ up on ! hill-side yond] = ! la/ ?ree ye>s4' ',sir1' said ! conjur]1 ) great solemnity1 ':5 ! ,we/ ,*ur* 0 built1 9 ord] to secure ?is valuable addition to ! *ur* accommodation ( ! p>i%1 ,i did n hesitate to und]take1 on my own p]sonal risk1 to gu>antee ! paym5t ( ?ree ?\s& p\nds4 ,?is oblig$ me to dim9i%1 to no small ext5t1 my p]sonal exp5diture1 z ! only way 9 :i* ! pecuni>y burd5 c\ld be met1 )\t dim9i%+ my contributions to ! public *>ities ( ! t[n1 & to ! num]\s cases ( private di/ress br\ght cont9ually "u my notice1 9 ! v>i\s walks ( m9i/]ial duty4 ,& ?\gh ! orig9al debt is n[ r$uc$ to half t am\nt by ! lib]al b5efactions receiv$ f v>i\s individuals1 /ill ne>ly ?ree-f\r?s ( my /ip5d ?is ye> has be5 exp5d$ on ?is object1 9 t]ms ( my volunt>y obligation4 ,! l>ge sum :i* ,i am n[ 9 advance1 ,i believe1 w be ev5tually repaid2 b = ?is ,i h no security beyond my confid5ce 9 ! goodness ( ! cause1 & ! cont9u$ lib]ality ( my c\ntrym54 ,all ?is respect+ ! ,we/ ,*ur* is kn[n to few1 & w\ld n h be5 m5tion$ by me at ?is "t1 _h x n be5 = ! p]sev]ance ) :i* "s1 inaccessible to high] motives !mselves1 h endeav\r$ to p]suade my he>]s t m]c5>y consid]ations h produc$ ! position ,i h felt x my duty to take 9 ! pres5t discussion4'--,dialogue #a/1 p4 #e4 ,= a few seconds ! true ,mr4 ,cl>k seem$ z if /ruck dumb by ! intellig5ce4 ',ah6 fa/ an*or$6' he at l5g? ejaculat$4 ',fairly te!r$ to ! ,e/abli%m5t by a /ake ( fifte5 hundr$ p\nds4 ,demas1 happy man1 _h a silv] m9e to draw him aside--a positive silv] m9e4 ,! ,we/ ,*ur* is m]ely a negative "o4 ,7 x to get into ! h&s ( ! ,mod]ates1 x w\ld become wat]logg$ to a c]ta9ty1 & n a s+le ounce ( ! preci\s metal w\ld ev] be fi%$ out ( x2 :]eas y ?9k !re is /ill "s little *ance ( recov]y :5 y rema9 to ply ! pump y\rself4 ,mo/ dis9t]e/$ man6--let y\r /atem5t ( ! case be b fairly pr9t$1 & x w s]ve y n only z an apology1 b z an adv]tisem5t to boot4' ',pr9t$6' said ! conjur]2 ',i h already pr9t$ x 9 ,engli%1 & ,mr4 ,m',donald ! s*oolma/] is translat+ x into ,gaelic4' ,b we h f> exce$$ our limits1 & h yet giv5 sc>ce a ti! ( ! controv]sy4 ,we f\nd ourselves sitt+ all alone 9 front ( our own quiet fire long ere x 0 half complet$2 & we recomm5d su* ( our read]s z are desir\s to see ! re/ ( x 9 ! orig9als1 to possess !mselves ( ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,cl>k's ,s]mon1 & ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,cl>k's ,dialogues4 ,!y =m1 :5 b\nd up toge!r1 "o ( ! extreme/1 & at ! same "t "o ( ! mo/ tangible1 specim5s ( inconsi/5cy & self-contradiction t controv]sy has yet exhibit$2 & enable u to anticipate ! "* & /&+ ( ! evangelic m9ority 9 ! ,era/ian ,*ur*4 ',if ! salt has lo/ its sav\r1 :]e)al %all x be salt$8' ,april #ab1 #ahdc4 ,,pulpit ,,duties ,,n ,,second>y4 ,!re are two antagoni/ p]ils to :i* all evangelical ,*ur*es1 :e!r e/abli%$ or un5d[$1 are expos$ 9 an age 9 :i* m5's m9ds are s /irr$ by ! fluctuations ( op9ion1 t ?\gh !re may n be mu* progress1 !re is at lea/ mu* motion4 ,!y lie op51 on ! "o h&1 to ! dang] ( gett+ afloat on ! tide ( innovation1 & s drift+ f ! fix$ position 9 :i* ,*ur*es1 z expon5ts ( ! m9d ( ,*ri/1 possess an au?oritative voice1 into ! giddy vortices ( "s revolv+ eddy ( speculation1 9 :i* !y c at be/ assume b ! "* ( m]e advocates ( untri$ exp]im5t2 or1 on ! o!r h&1 !y are liable to fall into ! opposite mi/ake ( ob/9ately resi/+ all *ange--h[ev] excell5t 9 itself1 & h[ev] mu* a consequ5ce ( ! onw>d m>* ( ! species--& ?is n f any direct reg>d to ^? div9e laws1 ( :i* "o jot or tittle _c pass away1 b simply out ( respect to c]ta9 peculi> views & op9ions ent]ta9$ by _! ance/ors 9 ages consid]ably less wise ?an ! times :i* h succe$$ !m4 ,an evangeli/ic ,*ur* _c fall into ! "o error )\t los+ its influ5tial voice z a ,*ur*4 ,x may ga9 pres5t popul>ity by ?r[+ itself ^u :at *ances to be ! onw>d movem5t ( ! "t2 b x is a sp5d?rift popul>ity1 t nev] fails 9 ! end to leave x exhau/$ & weak4 ,! political ague has always its cold z c]ta9ly z its hot fev] fits3 action produces reaction2 great ex]tion induces great fatigue2 ! desir$ object1 ev5 :5 fully ga9$1 is sure always1 l all m]e sublun>y objects ( pursuit1 to disappo9t expectation2 & ! ,*ur* t1 =gett+ :]e its real p[] lies1 seeks1 ,antu-l1 to ga!r /r5g? 9 ?is way f ! e>?1 contracts 9 e in/ance b ! soil & weakness inh]5t 9 ^? e>?y & unspiritual ?+s to :i* x atta*es itself4 ,x1 too1 comes to h its cold ague fits & its reaction--p]iods ( exhau/ion1 disappo9tm5t1 & decl9e4 ,& ! opposite error ( cl++ to ! worn-out & ! obsolete produces ultimately ! same effect1 ?\gh x op]ates 9 a diff]5t way4 ,a ,*ur* t1 9 behalf ( "s antiquat$ type ( ?\ght or action1 opposes itself to :at is 9 reality ! onw>d curr5t ( ! age1 is sure always to f>e l /r&$ ice-floes1 t1 9 a riv] flood$ by ?aw1 reta9 ! exact temp]ature "u :i* !y 7 =m$1 :5 ! temp]ature all ar\nd !m has alt]$4 ,! ice-floes & ! obsolete ,*ur* may be alike successful = a "t 9 keep+ up ! anci5t /ate ( ?+s )9 _! own less5+ limits1 b bo? are ev5tually absorb$ & disappe>4 ,:ile ! m v]satile ecclesia/ical body1 toss$ by ! cross curr5ts & eddies ( novel & unc]ta9 *ange1 loses its true c\rse & makes %ipwreck1 ! rigidly immoveable "o1 an*or$ ov] ! worn-out peculi>ities ( bygone days1 is borne d[n by ! irresi/ible ru% ( ! /ream1 & f\nd]s at its moor+s4 ,! ,free ,*ur*1 z a body1 is1 we tru/1 n greatly 9 dang] f ei!r extreme4 ,!y are ! extremes1 h[ev]1 :i* 9 ! pres5t day con/itute h] true ,scylla & ,*>ybdis2 & x 7 p]haps well t %e %\ld keep ! fact /eadily be=e h]1 by lay+ !m d[n z su* on _! *>t4 ,n f ! gross & e>?y fires ( political movem5t 9 ! pres5t day1 or f ! cold grey a%es ( movem5t semi-political 9 "s un9spir$ age ( ! pa/1 mu/ t pill> ( flame n[ asc5d :i* is to m>%al h] on h] pilgrimage ?r\gh ! wild]ness1 at once reviv+ h] by its heat & guid+ h] by its effulg5ce4 ,! light borr[$ f ! "o w\ld b flick] idly be=e h]1 a w&]+ & delusive meteor2 ! o!r w\ld furni% h] ) b an unlight$ tor*1 unsuit$ to ca/ across h] way a s+le beam ( direction & guidance4 ,h] light mu/ be d]iv$ f an antiquity m remote ?an t ( ! un9spir$ ages1 & h] heat f a s\rce m p]man5t ?an t ( pres5t excitem5t1 social or political3 ! "o direct f ! un]r+ record ( ^? times :5 ,god walk$ ! e>? 9 ! fle%2 ! o!r f t liv+ _s )\t ^: influ5ce en]gy ! mo/ untir+ c be influ5tial 9 b ! production ( evil1 & e>ne/ness ! mo/ int5se may be pr(ession1 b _c be revival4 ,/r5g? mu/ be s\ght by h]1 n 9 ! turmoil ( evanesc5t agitation1 nor 9 ! worn-out modes ( an age ! fa%ion ( :i* has p]i%$1 b 9 ! p]5nial v]ities ( ! ev]la/+ gospel4 ,:ile s f> adapt+ h]self to ! times z to pres5t an arm$ front to e =m ( error1 %e mu/ prea* to h] p z if ! prison] ( ,patmos _h b j complet$ ! record ( ,revelation4 ,!re is "o special error reg>d+ ?is ! mo/ important portion ( h] prop] "w--! prea*+ ( ! ^w--to :i* x may be well to adv]t4 ,x has become mu* ! fa%ion ( ! "t--mo/ un?9k+ly1 surely--to speak ( prea*+ z n ! p>am\nt1 b m]ely "o ( ! subsidi>y duties ( a cl]gyman4 ',he is n a man ( mu* pulpit prep>ation1' x has become cu/om>y to rem>k ( "s m9i/]1 at lea/ lik$ if n admir$1 'b he is dilig5t 9 visit+ & 9 look+ aft] 8 s*ools2 & prea*+ is 9 reality b a small "p ( a m9i/]'s duty4' ,or1 9 ! ev5t ( a vacancy1 ! flock look+ out = a pa/or are apt en\gh to say1 ',our la/ m9i/] 0 an accompli%$ pulpit man1 b :at we at pres5t want is a man s$ul\s 9 visit+2 = prea*+ is 9 reality b a small "p ( a m9i/]'s duty4' ,nay1 m9i/]s1 especially m9i/]s ( b a few twelvemon?s' /&+1 h !mselves 9 "s cases caught up ! rem>k1 z if x embodi$ a self-evid5t tru?2 & :ile !y d>e tell1 n )\t self-complac5cy1 t _! disc\rses--?+s writt5 at a %ort sitt+1 if writt5 at all--co/ !m b little tr\ble1 !y add fur!r1 z if by way ( apology1 t !y are1 h[ev]1 'mu* occupi$ o!rwise1 & t prea*+ is 9 reality b a small "p ( a m9i/]'s duty4' ,we h "s times felt incl9$ to assure ^! latt] p]sonages 9 reply1 t !y might a little improve ! matt] j by mak+ prea*+ no "p ( _! duty at all4 ,b :]e1 we ask1 is x taught1 ei!r by ,god 9 ,8 ^w or by ! ,*ur* 9 h] /&>ds1 t prea*+ is m]ely "o ( ! m9or duties ( ! m9i/]1 or inde$ o!r ?an 8 fir/ & greate/ duty8 ,n1 c]ta9ly1 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 = !re x has inv>iably ! p>am\nt place assign$ to x2 z c]ta9ly n 9 our /&>ds1 = 9 !m ! emphasis is 'especially' laid on ! 'prea*+ ( ! ^w' z ,god's mo/ 'effectual means' ( conv]t+ s9n]s4 ,if x be a tru? t prea*+ is b comp>atively a m9or "p ( a m9i/]'s duty1 x is c]ta9ly nei!r a ,scripture nor a ,%ort] ,cate*ism tru?2 &1 le/ x %\ld be n only n a tru? at all1 b ev5 n an innocu\s untru?1 we ?9k all :o hold x w\ld d well to inquire h[ !y h come by x4 ,we h our own suspicion reg>d+ its orig94 ,x is natural = m5 to exagg]ate ! importance ( :atev] good !y patronize1 or :atev] improvem5t or ent]prise !y advocate or recomm5d4 ,& p]haps "s degree ( exagg]ation is indisp5sable4 ,9 ord] to create ! impulse necess>y to ov]come ! vis in]ti ( society1 & induce 9 ! p>ticul> case ! requir$ am\nt ( ex]tion1 ! /ream ( ! mov+ p[] has--if we may s speak--to be elevat$ to ! level ( hopes rais$ high above ! po9t ( possible accompli%m5t4 ,to employ ! language ( ! me*ani/1 ! necess>y fall w\ld be o!rwise awant+1 & ! ma*9e w\ld fail to move4 ,if1 = in/ance1 all m5 _h e/imat$ ! advantages ( free trade accord+ to ! sob] computations ( ,*alm]s1 ! c\ntry w\ld h no ,anti-,corn-,law ,league1 & no repeal ( ! obnoxi\s /atutes4 ,& yet :o c n[ d\bt t ! calculations ( ,*alm]s 7 9 reality ! true ones8 ,9 l mann]1 if x _h be5 truly se5 t ! 'ba?s = ! work+ classes' c\ld h m]ely ext5d$ to ! humbl] inhabitants ( our cities ^? advantages ( ablution :i* ! work+ m5 ( our sea-coa/s already possess1 b ( :i*--:5 turn$ ( =ty--n "o out ( a hundr$ among !m ev] avails himself1 we w\ld sc>ce h witness$ ba? meet+s1 ) ,dukes 9 ! *air2 nor w\ld ! ba?s !mselves h be5 erect$4 ,b ! natural exagg]ative feel+ prevail$4 ,ba?s = ! work+ classes 7 de/9$ someh[ to r5ovate society1 x 0 ?\ght2 & s1 ?\gh ,*>tism be n[ z little cont5t z ev]1 ba?s = ! work+ classes our cities possess4 ,&1 d\btless1 exagg]ation ( a simil> k9d has t5d$ to height5 ! g5]al e/imate ( ! m9or duties ( ! cl]gyman2 & 7 !re no invidi\s comp>isons in/itut$ betwe5 ! less] & ! p>am\nt duties1--betwe5 :at is second>y 9 its nature magnifi$ into prim>y importance1 & :at is prim>y 9 its nature dim9i%$ into a m]e second>y1 & /&+ z if ! "o _h be5 view$ by ! less]1 & ! o!r ?r\gh ! great] l5s ( a telescope1--we w\ld h no qu>rel :atev] ) ! absolute exagg]ation 9 ! case1 reg>d$ simply z a m]e mov+ =ce4 ,b we mu/ qu>rel ) x :5 we see x lead+ to practical error2 & s1 9 direct opposition to ! common rem>k1 t prea*+ is b a small "p ( ! m9i/]'s duty1 we ass]t t x is n a small1 b a v l>ge1 & by f> ! mo/ important "p ( x2 & t x is n our /&>ds or ! ,scriptures t are 9 error on ?is special head1 b ! num]\s class :o1 tak+ up ! antagoni/ view1 ma9ta9 z a self-evid5t proposition :at has nei!r /&+ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 nor yet gu>antee 9 ! exp]i5ce ( ! ,*ur*4 ,no apology :atev] ought to be su/a9$ = imp]fect pulpit prep>ation2 nay1 practically at lea/1 no apology :atev] has or w be su/a9$ = x4 ,x is no unusual ?+ to see a *ur* prea*$ empty2 !re h be5 cases ( s+le cl]gym51 great 9 _! way1 :o h empti$ f\r 9 succession3 = p nei!r ought nor w missp5d _! ,sabba?s 9 doz+ "u s]mons to :i* no ef=t ( att5tion1 h[ev] hone/ly made1 enables !m to li/52 & :at happ5s to s+le congregations may well happ5 to a :ole ecclesia/ical body1 %\ld its g5]al /yle ( prea*+ fall bel[ ! exi/+ av]age4 ,& c]ta9ly we "k no?+ m likely to produce su* a result ?an ! false & dang]\s op9ion1 t prea*+ is comp>atively a small "p ( a m9i/]'s duty4 ,x is sup]em95tly dang]\s = "o to =m a mean e/imate ( "o's "w1 unless x be "w ( a nature v l[ & m5ial inde$4 ',no "o1' said ,johnson1 'ev] did any?+ well to :i* he did n give ! :ole b5t ( 8 m9d4' ,x is ?is l[ e/imate--?is want ( a high /&>d 9 ! m9d--t leads "s ( our "y m5 to boa/ ( ! facility ) :i* !y compose _! s]mons1--a boa/ alike d]ogatory to ! lit]>y ta/e & k & to ! ,*ri/ian "* ( him :o makes x4 ,easy to compose a s]mon6--easy to compose :at1 :5 writt51 _c be read2 & :at1 :5 prea*$1 _c be li/5$ to4 ,we believe x2 = 9 cases ( ?is k9d ! ease is all on ! "p ( ! au?or4 ,we believe fur!r1 we w\ld fa9 say to ! boa/]1 t y & su* z y c\ld scuttle & s9k ! ,free ,*ur* ) amaz+ly little tr\ble to y\rselves4 ,b is x easy1 ?9k y1 to mature su* ?\ghts z ,butl] matur$8 ,& yet ^! 7 embodi$ 9 s]mons4 ,is x easy1 ?9k y1 to convey 9 language exquisite z t ( ,rob]t ,hall1 s5tim5ts z ref9$ & imag]y z classic z 88 ,& yet ,hall's noble/ compositions 7 s]mons4 ,is x easy1 ?9k y1 to produce a philosophic poem1 ! mo/ sublime & expansive ( any age or c\ntry8 ,& yet su* is ! true "* ( ! ,a/ronomical ,s]mons ( ,*alm]s4 ,or is t spirituality :i* impresses & s9ks into ! he>t ( a p1 indep5d5tly at times ( ?\ght ( l>ge calibre or ! poli% ( a f9e lit]>y ta/e1 a ?+ easily incorporat$ into ! tissue ( a l5g!n$ s]mon8 ,?9k y1 did ,maclaur9's well-kn[n ,s]mon on ! ,cross co/ him little tr\ble8 or ! n less noble s]mon ( ,sir ,mat!w ,hale1 on ,*ri/ & ,him crucifi$8 ,look1 we besee* y1 to y\r ,new ,te/am5ts1 & see if !re be ought slov5ly 9 ! /yle1 or loose & po9tless 9 ! ?9k+1 ( ! model s]mons giv5 y !re4 ,! disc\rse address$ by our ,savi\r f ! m\nt to ! p 0 a s]mon2 z 0 also ! magnific5t address ( ,paul to ! ,a!nians1 :]e he *ose z 8 text ! inscription on "o ( _! alt>s1 ',to ! unkn[n ,god4' ,!re may be a practical & mo/ mis*iev\s het]odoxy embodi$ 9 ! prea*]'s idea ( s]mons1 z c]ta9ly z he may embody a het]odoxy !oretic & doctr9al 9 ! s]mons !mselves4 ,! ord9>y c\rse ( e/abli%+ a ,*ur* 9 any c\ntry1 z specially %[n by ,new ,te/am5t hi/ory & t ( ! ,re=mation1 is fir/ & ma9ly ?r\gh ! prea*+ ( ! ^w4 ,an e>ne/1 eloqu5t man--a ,pet] 9 ,j]usalem--a ,paul at ,a!ns1 on ,m>s ,hill--a ,john ,knox 9 ,ed9burgh or ,/4 ,&rews--a ,george ,:itfield 9 "s op5 field or m>ket-place ( ,brita9 or ,am]ica--or a ,?omas ,*alm]s 9 "s metropolitan pulpit1 ,scot* or ,engli%--addresses himself to ! p4 ,!re is a /range p[] 9 ! words1 & !y _c b li/52 & !n ! words beg9 to tell4 ,! he>t is affect$1 ! judgm5t conv9c$1 ! w influ5c$ & direct$3 anci5t beliefs are1 z ! case may be1 modifi$1 resuscitat$1 or de/roy$2 new or reviv$ convictions take ! place ( previ\s convictions1 inadequate or errone\s2 & ?us *ur*es are plant$1 & ! face ( society *ang$4 ,we limit ourselves "h to :at--be+ /rictly natural 9 ! process--w\ld op]ate1 if skilfully appli$1 z directly on ! side ( error z ( tru?4 ,x is ! fir/ ess5tial ( a book1 t x be int]e/+ en\gh to be read2 & ( a prea*]1 :atev] 8 cre$1 t he be suffici5tly engag+ to be att5tively li/5$ to2 & )\t ?is prelim9>y m]it1 no o!r m]it1 h[ev] great1 is ( any avail :atev]4 ,& :5 a ,*ur* possesses x 9 any great degree1 x is sure to spread & increase4 ,are !re *ur*es 9 ! ,e/abli%m5t :i*1 ?\gh ?9n$ by ! ,disruption1 h n[ all _! seats let1 & are cramm$ e ,sabba? to ! doors8 ,if s1 be sure !re is popul> tal5t 9 ! pulpit1 & t ! cl]gyman :o (ficiates !re does n f9d x a v easy matt] to compose 8 s]mons4 ,nay1 de> z ! di/9ctive pr9ciples ( ! ,free ,*ur* are to ! p ( ,scotl&1 ) sup]ior pulpit tal5t 9 ! ,e/abli%m5t on ! "o h&1 & 9 ! ranks ( ! dis5d[$ body1 on ! o!r1 a goodly supply ( ^? y\?ful m9i/]s :o boa/ t !y ei!r nev] write _! s]mons1 or write !m at a %ort sitt+1 we w\ld by no means gu>antee to our ,*ur* a t5 ye>s' vigor\s exi/5ce4 ,^! may n be palatable tru?s1 b we tru/ !y are :olesome ones2 & we "k t ! "t peculi>ly requires !m4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 n ma9ly ) ! ,e/abli%m5t t ! ,free ,*ur* has to cont5d4 ,we ask ! read] :e!r he has n m>k$1 )9 ! la/ few ye>s1 ! db ( ano!r & m =midable antagoni/1 ) :i* all ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es may be soon call$ on to grapple8 ,our newly-in/itut$ a!nums & philosophical associations =m "o ( ! novel features ( ! "t1--in/itutions 9 :i* at lea/ ! second-class m5 ( ! age--,em]sons1 & ,morells1 & ,combes--) mu* t is int]e/+ 9 sci5ce & fasc9at+ 9 lit]ature1 bl5d s5tim5ts & op9ions at direct v>iance ) ! great doctr9al tru?s embodi$ 9 our /&>ds4 ,! press1 n less =midable n[ ?an ev]1 is an old antagoni/2 b1 ) all its appliances & p[]s1 x lack$ ! *>m ( ! liv+ voice4 ,t peculi> *>m1 h[ev]1 ! new combatant possesses4 ,! pulpit1 met by its own weapons & 9 its own field1 w h to a c]ta9ty to measure its /r5g? aga9/ x2 & ! /&>d ( pulpit accompli%m5t & ( !ological education1 in/ead ( be+ l[]$1 mu/ 9 consequ5ce be greatly elevat$4 ,! ,*ur* ( ?is c\ntry1 :i* 9 ! e>li] p]iods ( h] hi/ory1 :5 ,knox 0 h] lead]1 & ,bu*anan ! mod]ator ( h] ,g5]al ,assembly1 /ood f> 9 advance ( ! age 9 popul> eloqu5ce1 solid le>n+1 & elegant accompli%m5t1 & :i*1 9 ! p]son ( ,*alm]s 9 our own days1 0 ve/$ 9 ! m advanc$ views & ! m pr(\nd policy ( a full c5tury h5ce1 mu/ n be suff]$ to lag beh9d ! age n[4 ,h] troops mu/ n be p]mitt$ to fall into confusion1 & to use z arms ! rude1 unsightly bludgeons ( an untaught & undiscipl9$ mob1 :5 ! enemy1 glitt]+ 9 h>ness1 & furni%$ ) weapons ke5 ( temp] & %>p ( edge1 is be>+ d[n ^u !m 9 compact phalanx4 ,we "k :at x is to h sat = _m ye>s "u m9i/]s :o1 possess$ ( great popul> tal5t & high p[]s ( orig9al ?\ght1 gave mu* "t & lab\r to pulpit prep>ation4 ,we "k h[ great a privilege x is to h to look =w>d to ! m9i/rations ( ! ,sabba?1--n z we>9esses1 :i*1 simply z a matt] ( duty1 7 to be endur$2 b z exquisite fea/s1 spiritual & intellectual1 :i* 7 to be greatly reli%$ & enjoy$4 ,& :5 he>+ x sometimes regrett$1 ) ref]5ce to at lea/ "o rem>kable man1 t he did n visit 8 flock q s (t5 z 0 desirable--_m ( ! compla9ants' sole idea ( a m9i/]ial visit1 mean:ile1 be+ simply t x 0 a long exordium ( agreeable gossip1 ) a %ort tail-piece ( pray] /uck to its h9d] end--we h /rongly felt h[ imm5sely bett] x 0 t ! assembl$ congregation %\ld enjoy ea* ye> fifty-two ,sabba?s ( _! m9i/] at 8 be/1 ?an t ! tone ( 8 pulpit s]vices %\ld be l[]$1 9 ord] t ea* individual among !m might enjoy a ye>ly half-h\r ( him ap>t4 ,& yet su*1 v ne>ly1 0 ! true /atem5t ( ! case4 ,we fully recognise ! importance1 9 its own subord9ate place1 ( m9i/]ial visitation1 especially :5 conduct$--a circum/ance1 h[ev]1 :i* sometimes l[]s its popul>ity--z x ought to be4 ,b x mu/ n be assign$ t prom95t place d5i$ to x by our /&>ds1 & :i* ! ^w ( ,god utt]ly fails to sanction4 ,x is1 ?\gh an important1 /ill a m9or duty2 & ! ,free ,*ur* mu/ n be sacrific$ to ! ungr\nd$ idea t x occupies a level z high1 or ev5 ne>ly z high1 z '! prea*+ ( ! ^w4' ,to t peculi> s*eme ( visitation advocat$ by ,*alm]s z a fir/ process 9 8 "w ( excavation1 we ( c\rse d n ref]4 ,9 ^? special cases to :i* he s vigor\sly direct$ himself1 visitation 0 an inevitable prelim9>y1 )\t :i* ! appliances ( ! pulpit c\ld n be br\ght to be>4 ,philip _h to op5 ! ,scriptures tte--tte to ! ,e?iopian eunu*1 = ! ,e?iopian eunu* nev] came to *ur*4 ,b ev5 7 8 s*eme id5tical ) t to :i* we p>ticul>ly ref]1 we w\ld say to ! "y prea*] :o %elt]$ "u 8 au?ority1 ',well1 prep>e = ! pulpit z ,dr4 ,*alm]s did1 ev5 :5 he _h ! ,we/ ,port congregation = 8 audi5ce1 & we %all be q cont5t to let y visit z mu* z y may4' ,! composition ( a s]mon 0 nev] easy "w to him4 ,he devot$ to x mu* "t1 & ! full b5t ( 8 p[]ful m9d2 & ev5 :5 lett+ himself d[n to ! humble/ ( ! p1 ! philosoph] ( l>ge/ capacity might pr(itably take 8 place among ! he>]s1 & li/5 ) an int]e/ nev] = "o mom5t suff]$ to flag4 ,may #c1 #ahdh4 ,,dugald ,,/ew>t4 ,x is n[ m ?an =ty ye>s s9ce x 0 rem>k$ by ,jeffrey1 9 8 ,review1 t metaphysical sci5ce 0 decid$ly on ! decl9e 9 ,scotl&4 ,dugald ,/ew>t1 ?\gh 9 a delicate /ate ( heal? at ! "t1 0 9 ! full vig\r ( 8 faculties1 & _h /ill eighte5 ye>s ( life be=e him2 ,?omas ,br[n _h j be5 appo9t$ 8 assi/ant & successor 9 ! ,moral ,philosophy ,*air ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,ed9burgh2 & ! lite ( ! ,scotti% capital 7 flock+ 9 cr[ds to 8 class-room1 captivat$ by ! eloqu5ce & +5uity ( 8 s+ul>ly vigor\s & orig9al lectures4 ,ev5 fifte5 ye>s subsequ5t1 ,dr4 ,wel% c\ld /ate1 9 ! ,life ( 8 fri5d1 t ! reception ( 8 "w on ! ,philosophy ( ! ,human ,m9d _h be5 'fav\rable to a degree ( :i*1 9 metaphysical writ+s1 !re 0 no p>allel4' ,x has be5 record$ z a v rem>kable circum/ance1 t ! ,essay ( ,locke--produc$ at a p]iod :5 ! m9d ( ,europe fir/ awoke to g5]al activity 9 ! metaphysical prov9ce--pass$ ?r\gh sev5 editions 9 ! comp>atively brief space ( f\rte5 ye>s4 ,! ,lectures ( ,dr4 ,br[n pass$ ?r\gh exactly sev5 editions 9 twelve ye>s1 & ?is at a "t :51 accord+ to ,jeffrey1 t sci5ce ( m9d ( :i* !y treat$ 0 9 a /ate ( gradual decay4 ,! critic 01 h[ev]1 9 ! "r4 ,! g5ius ( ,br[n _h imp>t$ to 8 brilliant po/hum\s "w an int]e/ :i* c\ld sc>ce be reg>d$ z atta*+ to ! subject ( x2 & 9 a few ye>s aft]--f ab\t ! ye> #ahce till aft] ! disruption ( ! ,scotti% ,*ur*--metaphysical sci5ce _h sunk1 n 9 ,scotl& only1 b all ov] ,brita91 to its l[e/ ebb4 ,a few retir$ s*ol>s cont9u$ to prosecute _! rese>*es 9 ! prov9ce ( m9d2 b sc>ce any int]e/ atta*$ to _! writ+s1 & n a booksell] c\ld be f\nd h>dy en\gh to publi% at 8 own risk a metaphysical "w4 ,we are old en\gh to rememb] a "t1 contemporane\s ) ! latt] days ( ,br[n1 :5 "y /ud5ts1 9 _! c\rse ( prep>ation = ! le>n$ pr(essions1 especially = ! ,*ur*1 us$ to be ev] recurr+ 9 conv]sation to ! /aple metaphysical que/ions1--occasionally1 no d\bt1 mu* 9 ! /yle ( ,jack ,liz>d 9 ! ,gu>dian1 :o com=t$ 8 "m1 :5 ! wor?y lady 0 s unlucky z to scald h] h& ) ! boil+ tea-kettle1 by assur+ h] !re 0 no su* ?+ z heat1 b :i* at lea/ s]v$ to %[ t ?is bran* ( lib]al education fully occupi$ ! m9d ( ! individuals o/5sibly engag$ 9 ma/]+ x2 & we rememb] a subsequ5t "t1 :5 /ud5ts--"s ( !m v clev] ones--seem$ nev] to h ?\ght on ^! que/ions at all1 & rema9$ sil5t 9 conv]sation :5 !y *anc$ to be moot$ by ! m5 ( an e>li] g5]ation4 ,dur+1 h[ev]1 ! la/ t5 ye>s1 ma9ly ?r\gh ! revival ( a ta/e = metaphysical inquiry 9 ,france & ,g]many1 :i* has react$ on ?is c\ntry1 ab/ract que/ions on ! nature & functions ( m9d are aga9 acquir+ _! modicum ( space & importance 9 ,scotl&4 ,our c\ntry no long] takes ! place x once did among ! nations 9 ?is dep>tm5t1 & nev] aga9 may2 b x at lea/ beg9s to rememb] x once 01 & to s]ve itself heir to ! works ( ! old] ma/]s ( m9d2 & we reg>d x z an evid5ce ( ! reaction to :i* we ref]1 t a greatly m complete edition ( ! writ+s ( ,dugald ,/ew>t ?an has yet appe>$ is at ! pres5t "t 9 ! c\rse ( issu+ f ! press ( "o ( our mo/ respect$ ,scot* publi%]s--! inh]itor ( a "n p>am\nt 9 ! annals ( ! trade--,mr4 ,?omas ,con/able4 ,! writ+s ( ,dugald ,/ew>t h be5 un=tunate 9 m ?an t /ate ( exhau/ion & syncope into :i* metaphysical sci5ce cont9u$ to s9k dur+ ! lapse ( m ?an half a g5]ation aft] ! dea? ( _! au?or1 & ! comm5cem5t ( :i* _h be5 rem>k$ by ,jeffrey m ?an half a g5]ation be=e4 ,f "s peculi> views--f\nd$1 we believe1 on an ov]we5+ e/imate ( _! pecuni>y value--! son & heir ( ! philosoph] taboo$ _! publication2 & x is only n[ t1 9 consequ5ce ( 8 dea?1 & ( ! ju/] views ent]ta9$ on ! subject by a si/]1 also rec5tly deceas$1 t !y are p]mitt$ to reappe>4 ,! "t1 h[ev]1 f t awak5$ int]e/ 9 metaphysical speculation :i* we h rem>k$1 seems highly fav\rable = su* an und]tak+2 & we _c d\bt t ! "w w f9d :at x des]ves--a sure & /eady1 if n v rapid sale4 ,/ew>t may be reg>d$ z n m]ely "o ( ! m di/+ui%$ memb]s ( ! ,scotti% s*ool ( metaphysics1 b z peculi>ly its hi/orian & expon5t4 ,! m9d ( ,reid 0 ca/ 9 a m orig9al m\ld1 b he want$ bo? ! elegance & ! eloqu5ce ( ,/ew>t1 nor 7 8 p[]s ( illu/ration equally great4 ,8 language1 too1 0 n only less ref9$ & fl[+1 b also less sci5tifically correct1 ?an t ( 8 di/+ui%$ expon5t & successor4 ,we w\ld cite1 = in/ance1 ! happy sub/itution by ! latt] ( ! t]ms 'laws ( human ?\ght & belief1' = ! un=tunate phrases 'common s5se' & 'in/9ct1' :i* rais$ s ext5sive a prejudice aga9/ ! vigor\s prote/ aga9/ scepticism made 9 o!r respects s effectively by ,reid2 & he passes (t5] f ! ab/ractions ( 8 sci5ce into ! regions ( life & "* 9 :i* all mu/ feel int]e/$1 h[ev] slight _! acqua9tance ) ! subtleties ( metaphysical speculation4 ,! extraord9>y excell5ce ( ,pr(essor ,/ew>t's /yle has be5 recognis$ by ! highe/ au?orities4 ,rob]tson 0 p]haps ! be/ ,engli% writ] ( 8 day4 ,! c\rtly ,walpole1 on asc]ta9+ t he spoke ,scot*1 told him he 0 he>tily glad ( x2 = 'x w\ld be too mortify+1' he add$1 '= ,engli%m5 to f9d t he n only wrote1 b also spoke1 _! language bett] ?an !mselves4' ,& yet ! ,ed9burgh ,review]s recognis$ ,/ew>t z ! writ] ( a m exquisite /yle ?an ev5 ,rob]tson4 ,& ,sir ,james ,mack9to%1 no mean judge1 *>act]izes him z ! mo/ p]fect1 9 an arti/ic po9t ( view1 ( ! philosophical writ]s ( ,brita94 ',probably no writ] ev] exce$$ him1' says ,sir ,james1 '9 t species ( eloqu5ce :i* spr+s f s5sibility to lit]>y m]it & moral excell5ce2 :i* nei!r obscures sci5ce by prodigal ornam5t1 nor di/urbs ! s]5ity ( pati5t att5tion2 b1 ?\gh x r calms & soo!s ! feel+s1 yet exalts ! g5ius1 & ins5sibly inspires a reasonable en?usiasm = :atev] is good & fair4' ,n[1 x is surely n unimportant t ! writ+s ( su* a man1 simply 9 _! "* z lit]>y models1 %\ld be submitt$ to an age l ! pres5t1 especially to its ,scot*m54 ,x is /at$ by ,hume1 9 "o ( 8 lett]s to ,rob]tson1 t meet+ 9 ,p>is ) ! lady :o fir/ gave to ! ,fr5* a translation ( ,*>les ,v41 he ask$ h] :at %e ?\ght ( ! /yle ( ! "w1 & t %e in/antly repli$1 ) great navet1 ',oh1 x is su* a /yle z only a ,scot*man c\ld h writt54' ,scotl& did c]ta9ly /& high 9 ! age ( ,hume & ,mack5zie1 ( ,rob]tson & ( ,adam ,smi?1 = n only ! vig\r ( its ?9k+1 b also = ! purity & excell5ce ( its /yle4 ,we fe>1 h[ev]1 x c no long] arrogate to itself praise on ?is special score4 ,!re h be5 books produc$ among u dur+ ! la/ tw5ty ye>s1 :i* h fail$ 9 mak+ _! way into ,engl&1 ma9ly 9 consequ5ce ( ! slip%od /yle 9 :i* !y 7 writt54 ,a busy age1 mu* agitat$ by controv]sy1 is no d\bt unfav\rable to ! production ( compositions ( classic beauty4 ',! r\nd$ p]iod1' says an +5i\s ,fr5* writ]1 'op5s up ! long folds ( its float+ robe 9 a "t ( /ability1 au?ority1 & confid5ce4 ,b :5 lit]ature has become a means ( action1 in/ead ( cont9u+ to be us$ = its own sake1 we no long] amuse ourselves ) ! turn+ ( p]iods4 ,! p]iod is contempor>y ) ! p]uke--! p]iod is ! p]uke ( /yle4 ,! close ( ! eighte5? c5tury %ort5$ ! "o z mu* z ! o!r4 ,! p]uke rea*+ ! middle ( ! lo9s c\ld n be suitable to m5 9 ha/e to accompli% a "w ( de/ruction4 ,:5 0 ,j4 ,j4 ,r\sseau himself giv5 to ! turn+ ( p]iods8 ,assur$ly x 0 n 9 8 pamphlets6' ,n[ ! /yle ( ,/ew>t 0 fir/ =m$1 we ne$ sc>ce rem>k1 dur+ t p]iod ( pr(\nd repose :i* prec$$ ! ,fr5* ,revolution2 & 8 aft]-life1 sp5t 9 quiet & ?\ghtful retirem5t1 ) ! classics ( our own & o!r c\ntries1 anci5t & mod]n1 = 8 companions1 & ) composition z 8 sole employm5t--?\gh ! _w ar\nd him 0 fi]cely engag$ ) politics or ) w>--_h no?+ 9 x to det]iorate x4 ,he nev] he>d ! /eam-press groan+1 z ! night wore late1 = 8 unf9i%$ lucubrations2 nay1 we "q if he ev] wrote a c>eless or hurri$ s5t5ce4 ,8 naturally faultless ta/e _h full space to satisfy itself ) :atev] he deem$ x necess>y to p]=m2 & h5ce works ( f9i%$ beauty1 :i*1 z pieces ( art1 ! y\ng] lit]ati ( ,scotl& w\ld d well to /udy & imitate4 ,!re may be diff]5ces ( op9ion reg>d+ ! /&+ ( ,/ew>t z a metaphysician1 b !re are no diff]5ces ( op9ion reg>d+ 8 excell5ce z a writ]4 ,) reg>d to metaphysics !mselves1 we are dispos$ to acquiesce 9 ! judgm5t ( ,jeffrey1 )\t1 h[ev]1 acquiesc+ 9 mu* :i* he has f\nd$ ^u x4 ,to obs]ve z a m5tal philosoph]1 & to exp]im5t z a natural "o1 are v diff]5t ?+s2 & nev] w m]e obs]vation 9 ! "o field lead to results s spl5did or s practical z exp]im5t on ! prop]ties ( matt]1 to :i* man owes 8 extraord9>y control ov] ! elem5ts4 ,to ! k acquir$ by 8 obs]vations on ! nature or op]ations ( m9d1 he owes no new p[] ov] t :i* he surveys3 9 at lea/ its direct consequ5ces1 8 sci5ce is b>r54 ,x w\ld be difficult1 h[ev]1 to ov]e/imate its indirect consequ5ces4 ,x seems impossible t ! metaphysical prov9ce %\ld long exi/ blank & unoccupi$ 9 any highly civilis$ c\ntry1 especially 9 a c\ntry ( active & acquir+ intellects1 su* z ,scotl&4 ,if ! philosophy ( ,locke or ( ,reid fail to occupy ! field1 we f9d x occupi$ in/ead by t ( ,comte or ( ,combe4 ,ow5s & ,m>t9eaus take ! place ( ,br[ns & ( ,/ew>ts2 & bad metaphysics1 ( ! mo/ dang]\s t5d5cy1 are taught1 9 ! lack ( metaphysics :olesome & good4 ,all ! m dang]\s p>ties ( ! pres5t day h _! f\ndations ( pr9ciple on a basis ( bad metaphysics4 ,! same rem>k applies to well-nigh all ! religi\s h]esies2 & ! less metaphysical an age is1 all ! m sup]ficial usually are ! h]esies :i* spr+ up 9 x4 ,we "q :e!r ,morrisonianism c\ld h orig9at$ 9 :at 0 emphatically ! metaphysical age ( ,scotl&1 9 ! latt] days ( ,reid1 or ! e>li] days ( ,/ew>t4 ,:at became 9 our times a h]esy 9 ! !ological field1 w\ld h sp5t itself1 z ! m]e crot*et ( a few unrip5$ intellects1 9 ! metaphysical "o4 ,x w\ld h f\nd v5t 9 "s debat+ club or speculative society1 & ! ,*ur*es w\ld h re/$ 9 peace4 ,!re are o!r indirect b5efits d]iv$ f metaphysical /udy4 ,x =ms ! be/ possible gymna/ics ( m9d4 ,all ! great metaphysicians1 if n m]ely acute1 b also broad-m9d$ m51 h be5 great also 9 ! practical dep>tm5ts ( ?\ght4 ,! au?or ( ! ,essay on ! ,human ,und]/&+ 0 ! au?or also ( ! ,treatise on ,gov]nm5t & ! ,lett]s on ,tol]ation4 ,hume1 9 ^? ,essays on ,trade & ,politics1 :i* are free f ! /a9 ( infidelity1 0 "o ( ! mo/ solid ( ?9k]s2 & he :o produc$ ! ,!ory ( ,moral ,s5tim5ts cont9ues to give law at ! pres5t "t1 9 8 ,weal? ( ,nations1 to ! comm]ce ( ! civilis$ _w4 ,f a subtile b comp>atively n>r[ class ( intellects1 ?\gh di/+ui%$ 9 ! metaphysical prov9ce1 mank9d has receiv$ mu* less4 ,b]keley 0 "o ( ^!1 & may be reg>d$ z _! type & repres5tative4 ,save 8 metaphysics1--demon/rative ( ! non-exi/5ce ( matt]1 or demon/rative r t fire is n consci\s ( heat1 nor ice ( cold1 nor yet our enlight5$ surface ( col\r1--he bequea!d little else to ! _w ?an 8 t>-wat]2 & 8 t>-wat]1 no long] recognis$ z a univ]sal m$ic9e1 has _h its day1 & is =gott54 ,)\t pr(ess+ to "k aught ( ,g]man metaphysicians--= 9 ! times :5 we us$ to read ,hume & ,reid !y 7 b little kn[n 9 ?is c\ntry--we c by no means rate !m s high z ! m5 ^: writ+s !y are supplant+4 ,:at1 we h be5 accu/om$ to ask1 are _! trophies 9 ! practical8 ,h any ( !m giv5 to ! _w ev5 t>-wat]8 ,:]e are _! ,lockes1 ,humes1 & ,adam ,smi?s8 ,! man :o1 accord+ to ,johnson1 c walk vigor\sly t[>ds ! ea/1 c walk vigor\sly t[>d ! we/ also4 ,h[ is x t ^! ,g]man metaphysicians exhibit _! vig\r exclusively 9 walk+ "o way8 ,:]e are _! works ( a practical "*1 p[]ful en\gh to give law to ! species8 ,:]e _! treatises l ^? ( ,locke on ,tol]ation or on ,gov]nm5t1 or _! essays l t ( ,hume or ( ,adam ,smi? on ! ,balance ( ,p[] or ! ,weal? ( ,nations8 ,are !y do+ o!r1 to use a v old illu/ration1 ?an m]ely milk+ rams1 leav+ _! admir]s & foll[]s to hold ! pail8 ,dugald ,/ew>t1 ?\gh mayhap less an orig9al 9 ! doma9 ( ab/ract ?\ght ?an "s ( 8 pr$ecessors1 belongs emphatically to ! practical s*ool4 ,) him philosophy is simply common s5se on t l>ge scale :i* r5d]s x "o ( ! lea/ common ?+s 9 ! _w4 ,& nev]1 p]haps1 0 !re a m ?or\ghly hone/ seek] aft] tru?4 ,burns some:at :imsically describes him1 9 a rec5tly recov]$ lett] giv5 to ! _w by ,rob]t ,*amb]s1 z 't pla91 hone/1 wor?y man1 ! ,pr(essor4 ,i ?9k1' adds ! poet1 '8 "*1 divid$ into t5 p>ts1 /&s ?us3 ,f\r p>ts ,socrates1 f\r p>ts ,na?aniel1 & two p>ts ,%akespe>e's ,brutus4' ,! e/imate ( ,sir ,james ,mack9to% is equally high2 nor w x weigh less ) _m ( our read]s t ! eld] ,m',crie us$ to give expression to a judgm5t q z fav\rable4 ',he 0 fasc9at$1' says ! son & biograph] ( ! latt]1 ') ! beau ideal ( academical eloqu5ce :i* adorn$ ! ,moral ,*air 9 ! p]son ( ,dugald ,/ew>t4 ,long aft] he _h sat "u ?is admir$ lead]1 he w\ld describe ) rapture 8 e>ly emotions :ile look+ on ! h&somely erect & ela/ic figure ( ! ,pr(essor--9 e attitude a model = ! /atu>y--li/5+ to expositions1 :e!r ( facts or pr9ciples1 always cle> z ! transp>5t /ream2 & *>m$ by ! tones ( a voice :i* modulat$ into spok5 music e expression ( intellig5ce & feel+4 ,an e/eem$ fri5d ( 8 happ5+ to say to him "s ye>s ago1 ,i h be5 he>+ ,dr4 ,br[n lecture ) all ! eloqu5ce ( ,dugald ,/ew>t1 ,no1 sir1 he exclaim$ ) an air ( almo/ ,johnsonian decision1 y h n1 & no man ev] w4' ,! fir/ volume ( ! collect$ works ( ,/ew>t1 n[ giv5 to ! _w 9 a =m at once wor?y ( _! au?or & ( ! "n ( ,con/able1 conta9s ! f>-fam$ ,diss]tations1 & is edit$ by ,sir ,william ,hamilton4 ,x conta9s a consid]able am\nt ( orig9al matt]1 n[ publi%$ f ! au?or's manuscripts = ! fir/ "t4 ,x w\ld be idle to attempt criticis+ a "w s well e/abli%$2 b ! brief rem>k ( "o ( ! fir/ ( metaphysical critics--,sir ,james ,mack9to%--on :at he well t]ms '! magnific5t ,diss]tations1' may be f\nd n unacceptable4 ',^! ,diss]tations1' says ,sir ,james1 'are p]haps mo/ pr(usely ornam5t$ ( any ( _! au?or's compositions1--a peculi>ity :i* mu/ 9 "p h aris5 f a pr9ciple ( ta/e1 :i* reg>d$ decoration z m suitable to ! hi/ory ( philosophy ?an to philosophy itself4 ,b ! memorable in/ances ( ,cic]o1 ( ,milton1 & /ill m ^? ( ,dryd5 & ,burke1 seem to %[ t !re is "s natural t5d5cy 9 ! fire ( g5ius to burn m brightly1 or to blaze m fi]cely1 9 ! ev5+ ?an 9 ! morn+ ( human life4 ,probably ! mat]ials :i* long exp]i5ce supplies to ! imag9ation1 ! boldness ) :i* a m e/abli%$ reputation arms ! m9d1 & ! sil5ce ( ! l[ b =midable rivals ( ! high] pr9ciples1 may concur 9 provid+ ?is unexpect$ & little obs]v$ effect4' ,augu/ #bf1 #ahed4 ,,our ,,t[n ,,c\ncils4 ,x is a gr&1 ?\gh d\btless natural1 mi/ake to hold t ! memb]s ( ! ,t[n ,c\ncils ( our ,scotti% cities & burghs really repres5t 9 op9ion & feel+ _! nom9al con/itu5cies ! electors1 ?r\gh ^: suffrages !y h be5 plac$ 9 (fice4 ,9 v _m cases !y d n repres5t !m at all3 !y =m an entirely dissimil> class1--a class z ?or\ghly diff]5t f ! solid mass ( ! community1 on :i* !y float l fro? & spume on ! surface ( ! great deep1 z t o!r class f :i*1 because !re are unhappily sc>ce any o!r m5 9 ! field1 we h to select our legislators4 ,! subject is "o ( importance4 ,9 ! ,sabba? controv]sy n[ c>ry+ on1 x has be5 inv>iably tak5 = grant$ by ! anti-,sabbat>ian press ( ! c\ntry1 t our ,t[n ,c\ncils d repres5t ! g5]al con/itu5cy2 & !re has be5 mu* f\nd$ on ! assumption4 ,we %all by & by be f9d+ ! same assumption employ$ aga9/ u 9 ! ,pop]y end[m5t "q2 & x w\ld be well1 !re=e1 c>efully to exam9e ! gr\nds on :i* x re/s1 & to asc]ta9 :e!r !re may n exi/ "s practical mode ( te/+ its unsolidity4 ,x is n difficult to see h[ t upp] class to :i* our legislators ( bo? ,h\ses ( ,p>liam5t ma9ly belong1 %\ld diff] greatly f ! l>g] & m solid portion ( ! middle classes 9 almo/ all que/ions ( a religi\s "* & be>+4 ,bacon1 9 8 ,essay on ,k+s1 has qua9tly1 b1 we are afraid1 all too ju/ly rem>k$1 t '( all k9d ( m51 ,god is ! lea/ behold+ unto !m k+s2 = ,he do? mo/ = !m1 & !y d ord9>ily lea/ = ,him4' ,b ! "* applies to m ?an k+s4 ,x affects ! :ole upp] lay]s ( ! great pyramid ( society1 f its gild$ p9nacle d[n to ! high] conf9es ( its solid middle portion2 & to ^! upp] lay]s ( ! erection our legislators1 h]$it>y & elective1 )1 ( c\rse1 a v few exceptions 9 ! ,l[] ,h\se1 all belong4 ,!y are draft$ f ! classes ) :i*1 if we p]haps except ! l[e/ & mo/ degrad$ ( all1 religi\s que/ions weigh lea/4 ,!re is1 ( c\rse1 no class :olly divorc$ f good2 & ^? exceptions to :i* ,c[p] c\ld ref] two g5]ations ago obta9 /ill3 ',we boa/ "s ri* ones :om ! gospel sways1 ,& "o :o we>s a coronet1 & prays3 ,l glean+s ( an olive tree1 !y %[ ,"h & !re "o ^u ! topmo/ b\gh4' ,b 9 at lea/ ! mass1 religion has n be5 influ5tial among ! gov]n+ classes 9 ,brita9 s9ce ! days ( ! ,commonweal?4 ,x has =m$ "o ( ! great =ces on :i* !y h calculat$--a =midable p[] among ! p1 t !y h /riv51 accord+ to ! nature ( ! em]g5cy1 to quiet or awak51 bias or control1--n[ = ! ends ( p>ty1 :5 an antagoni/ faction _h to be ov]borne & put d[n1--n[ = ! g5]al b5efit ( ! c\ntry1 :5 a =eign enemy _h to be repell$ or an inte/9e discord to be suppress$2 b x has be5 peculi>ly a =ce outside ! gov]n+ classes--ext]nal1 n int]nal1 to !m1--a p[] :i* x has be5 _! special "w to regulate & direct1 n a p[] :i* has regulat$ & direct$ !m4 ,! la/ ,briti% ,gov]nm5t :i*--,god1 accord+ to ,bacon1 hav+ done mu* = x--lab\r$ e>ne/ly to d mu* = ,god1 0 t v rem>kable "o :i* c5tr$ 9 ! p]son ( ! ,"l ,protector4 ,h5ce naturally mu* t is unsatisfactory to ! comp>atively religi\s middle classes ( ! c\ntry1 9 ! conduct1 ) reg>d to religi\s que/ions1 ( ! classes on :om devolves ! "w ( legislation4 ,!re is no real community ( feel+ & belief 9 ^! matt]s betwe5 ! two4 ,to ! ext5t to :i* religion is involv$ 9 ! legislative enactm5ts ( ! "t1 ! middle class is 9 reality n repres5t$1 & ! upp] class does n repres5t4 ,x may n seem equally obvi\s1 h[ev]1 h[ !re %\ld be a lack ( repres5tation1 n only among our memb]s ( ,p>liam5t1 b also among our memb]s ( ,c\ncil4 ,!y at lea/ surely belong1 x may be said1 to ! middle classes1 by :om & f among :om !y are *os5 = _! (fice4 ,c]ta9ly 9 "s cases !y d2 9 _m o!rs1 h[ev]1 !y =m a class sc>ce less peculi> ?an ^? upp] classes out ( :i* ! legislators ( ! c\ntry come to be drawn1 simply because !re is no o!r class 9 ! field out ( :i* !y c be select$4 ,! ,re=m & ,municipality ,bills wr\ght a mighty *ange 9 ! ,t[n ,c\ncils ( ! k+dom4 ,! old close burgh sy/em1 ) all its abuses1 ceas$ = ev]1 save 9 its rema9s--monum5tal debts1 & ev]la/+ leases ( t[n l&s1 grant$ on easy t]ms to (ficials & _! fri5ds2 & droll recollections1 l ^? embalm$ by ,galt 9 our lit]ature1 ( solid municipal fea/+1 & n s solid municipal s]vices1--( exclusive clique%ips1 misemploy$ patronages1 mode/ self-elections1--9 %ort1 ( a g5]al practice ( jobb+1 m palpable ?an pleasant1 & t t5d$ r to individual advantage ?an corporate hon\r4 ,! old m5 retir$1 & a set ( new m5 7 elevat$ by newly-creat$ con/itu5cies into _! vacat$ places1 to be dis9t]e/$ on dilapidat$ means1 & noisy on %ort commons4 ,! days ( long & heavy fea/s _h come to a close1 & ! days ( long & heavy spee*es succe$$4 ,no two ev5ts :i* ?is _w ( ours ev] saw1 l$ to s va/ an am\nt ( bad speak+ z ! "o ,re=m ,bill t swept away ! rott5 burghs1 & ! o!r ,re=m ,bill t op5$ ! close ones4 ,by & by1 h[ev]1 x came to be se5 t ! old1 privileg$1 self-elect$ class 7 succe$$ 9 _m in/ances by a class t1 ?\gh elect$ by _! neighb\rs1 7 yet n q l _! neighb\rs4 ,_! neighb\rs 7 m5 :o1 ) _! own p]sonal bus9ess to att5d to1 _h nei!r ! "t nor ! ambition to be mov+ motions or speak+ spee*es 9 ! eye ( ! public1 & :o c\ld n take ! tr\ble to secure elections by canvass+ vot]s4 ,! m5 :o _h ! "t1 & took ! tr\ble1 7 g5]ally a class ill-haft$ 9 society1 :o _h high notions ( re=m+ ev]y?+ save !mselves1 & ( keep+ "r all k9ds ( bus9esses except _! own4 ,! old /ate ( ?+s 01 not)/&+ its _m faults1 a /ate "u :i* our ,scot* burgh]s rose into consid]ation by arts ( comp>ative solidity4 ,a tradesman or %opkeep] look$ well to 8 bus9ess1--became an important man 9 ! m>ket-place & a good man 9 ! bank1--increas$ 9 weight 9 ! same proportion t 8 c(f]s did s1 & grew influ5tial & oracul> on ! /r5g? ( 8 p\nds /]l+ p] annum4 ,) alt]$ times1 h[ev]1 !re arose a new ord] ( m51-- ',! wits ( ,*>les f\nd easi] ways to fame4' ,x 0 no long] necess>y to sp5d ! great] "p ( a lifetime 9 acquir+ money & "*3 a glib tongue1 a few high pr(essions ( public pr9ciple1 & a few weeks' canvass+1 7 f\nd to s]ve ! turn m ?an equally well4 ,!re comm5c$ /raightway a new dyna/y ( dignities & hon\rs4 ,c\ncillors got into pr9t 9 ! capacity ( spee*mak]s1 :o1 save = ! revolution effect$1 w\ld nev] h got into pr9t 9 any o!r capacity ?an1 mayhap1 t ( bankrupts 9 ! ,gazette4 ,eloqu5t m5 walk$ to *ur* 9 sc>let1 greatly di/+ui%$ z provo/s & bailies1 :o b = ! happy *ange w\ld h crept unse5 all _! lives long among ! cr[d4 ,memb]s ( ,p>liam5t w5t arm-9-arm1 :5 !y visit$ _! con/itu5cies1 ) folk altoge!r unus$ to su* consid]ation2 & :5 a burgh]'s son s\ght to be promot$ to ! excise1 or a seaman to ! coa/-gu>d s]vice1 x 0 ?r\gh ! new m5 t influ5ce _h to be ex]t$4 ,& ( c\rse ! new m5 _h to approve !mselves wor?y ( _! hon\rs1 by mak+ l>ge sacrifices = ! public weal4 ,!y _h 9 _m cases n mu* to d3 ! magi/racy ( ! bygone s*ool1 :om !y succe$$1 _h oblig+ly reliev$ po/]ity ( ! tr\ble ( hav+ a too prepond]\s am\nt ( municipal prop]ty to manage & look aft]2 b if !y _h n mu* to d1 !y _h at lea/ a great deal to say2 & z !y 7 ambiti\s ( say+ x1 _! own individual conc]ns 7 n unfrequ5tly neglect$1 9 ord] t _! con/itu5cies might be edifi$ & in=m$4 ,9 cases n a few1 ! natural consequ5ces ensu$4 ,we h 9 our eye "o special burgh 9 ! nor?1 9 :i* e "n 9 ! ,t[n ,c\ncil1 f t ( ! provo/ d[n to t ( ! humble/ c\ncillor1 _h1 9 ! c\rse ( "s two or ?ree ye>s1 appe>$ also 9 ! ,gazette2 & ! previ\s provo/ ( ! place _h got desp]ately involv$ ) ! bran* banks ( ! di/rict1 & _h ultimately run ! c\ntry1 to avoid a prosecution = =g]y4 ,let x n be held t we are includ+ ! entire tribe ( mod]n t[n function>ies 9 "o sweep+ condemnatory description4 ,we ourselves1 9 our "t 7we ref] to ! fact ) a high b surely natural pride71 held (fice z a t[n c\ncillor1 "u ! mod]n rgime1 = ! space ( ?ree :ole ye>s 9 a p>liam5t>y burgh t conta9$ no few] ?an =ty vot]s4 ,all may le>n f hi/ory h[ x 0 t ,bailie ,weezle e>n$ 8 municipal hon\rs dur+ ! anci5t /ate ( ?+s 9 ! fam\s burgh ( ,gudet[n4 ',bailie ,weezle1' says ,galt1 '0 a man n ov]lad5 ) worldly wisdom1 & _h be5 *os5 into ! ,c\ncil pr9cipally on acc\nt ( be+ easily manag$4 ,be+ an idle p]son liv+ on 8 money1 & ( a s(t & quiet nature1 he 01 = ! reason a=esaid1 tak5 by "o cons5t among u1 :]e he always vot$ on ! provo/'s side2 = 9 controv]t$ que/ions e "o is behold5 to take a "p1 & ! bailie ?\ght x 0 8 duty to side ) ! *ief magi/rate4' ,our own special qualifications = (fice 71 we mu/ be p]mitt$ 9 ju/ice to ourselves to /ate1 diff]5t f ,bailie ,weezle's by a %ade4 ,x 0 g5]ally held1 t if !re 0 no?+ to d we w\ld d no?+1 & if no?+ to say we w\ld say no?+2 & s ?or\ghly did we fulfil e expectation t _h be5 previ\sly =m$ ( u1 t = ?ree ye>s toge!r we said & did no?+ 9 our (ficial capacity ) great clat1 & regul>ly abs5t$ ourselves f e meet+ ( ,c\ncil except ! fir/1 to ! entire satisfaction ( our con/itu5cy4 ,x w n be held1 !re=e1 9 ! face ( s important a fact1 t we include 9 our description all ! t[n magi/racies "u ! exi/+ /ate ( ?+s1 & mo/ c]ta9ly n all mod]n t[n c\ncillors4 ,no?+1 h[ev]1 c be m c]ta91 we repeat1 ?an t !y diff] f _! con/itu5cies z a class1 & t !y are *os5 to repres5t !m 9 municipal affairs1 j z ano!r & high] class is *os5 to repres5t !m 9 ! ,legislature--m]ely because !re is no o!r class 9 ! field4 ,! solid middle-class m5 ( bus9ess h1 z has be5 said1 some?+ else to employ !m1 & _c sp>e _! s]vices4 ,!y _c accept ( m]e notoriety1 ) mayhap a modicum ( patronate influ5ce atta*$1 z an adequate price = ! "t & lab\r :i* _! own affairs dem&4 ,x is a peculi> class 9 ! municipal z 9 ! lit]>y field1 t 'weigh solid pudd+ aga9/ empty praise1' & come to reg>d ! empty praise z solid en\gh to outweigh ! pudd+4 ,n b t x is a f9e ?+ to be 9 a ,t[n ,c\ncil1 & to see "o's =tnightly spee*es fl\ri%+ 9 ! public pr9ts4 ,:]e else c\ld "s ( our ,ed9burgh wor?ies br+ !mselves s prom95tly be=e ! eyes ( ! c\ntry8 ,:]e else1 = in/ance1 c\ld ,c\ncillor ---- imp>t su* univ]sal int]e/ to ! fact t he taught 9 a ,sabba? s*ool1 & rode out ( t[n e ev5+ to att5d to its duties by a ,sunday tra91--?us =m+ an inv>iable item1 x w\ld seem1 9 ! av]age ( ! n9ety-two ,sabba? j\rney]s t travell$ by ! ,ed9burgh & ,glasg[ ,railway1 & fail$ to remun]ate ! proprietors8 ,or :]e else c\ld ,c\ncillor ---- ref] ) su* prodigi\s effect to ,dr4 ,*alm]s's bloody-m9d$ s*eme ( 'execut+ ! hea!n8' ,or :]e else c\ld ,c\ncillor ---- succe$ 9 elicit+ s g5]al a belief t he 0 "o ( ! poor endang]$ hea!ns ov] :i* ! ?reat5$ execution hung1 ?r\gh 8 fam\s oa? ',by ,jupit]8' ,by ! way1 is ?is latt] g5tleman acqua9t$ ) ,smollett's /ory ( ! ecc5tric ,mr4 ,h41 & *ivalr\sly b5t1 on ! same pr9ciple1 9 ackn[l$g+ a deity 9 di/ress8 ',mr4 ,h41 "s ye>s ago1 be+ 9 ! ,campidoglio at ,rome1' says ,smollett1 'made up to ! bu/ ( ,jupit]1 & b[+ v l[1 exclaim$1 9 ! ,italian language1 ,i hope1 sir1 if ev] y get y\r head above wat] aga91 y w rememb] t ,i paid my respects to y 9 y\r adv]sity4 ,?is sally1' cont9ues ! hi/orian1 '0 report$ to ! ,c>d9al ,cam]l5go1 & by him laid be=e ! ,pope ,b5$ict ,,xiv41 :o c\ld n help laugh+ at ! extravagance ( ! address1 & said to ! ,c>d9al1 ,^? ,engli% h]etics ?9k !y h a "r to g to ! devil 9 _! own way4' ,n[1 /&+1 z we d1 ei!r on ! ?re%old ( s]i\s national controv]sies ( a religi\s be>+1 or already ent]$ ^u !m1 x w\ld be well to m>k & te/ ! facts :i* x is our pres5t object specially to po9t out4 ,x w\ld be well to take measures = r5d]+ x an z palpable z x is a solid tru?1 t ! municipal tail ( ! c\ntry's repres5tation no m really repres5ts x 9 sev]al v important respects ?an its p>liam5t>y head4 ,x repres5ts x mo/ inadequately on ! ,sabba? "q n[2 x w repres5t x q z inadequately 9 ! ,popi% end[m5t "q by & by2 & if 9 reality we d n wi% to see ! battle go+ aga9/ u on bo? issues1 !re mu/ be effective means employ$ to demon/rate ! fact4 ,9 matt]s ( a religi\s be>+1 ! ill-haft$ notoriety-m5 ( our ,t[n ,c\ncils mu* m ne>ly resemble ! upp] indiff]5t classes1 f :i* our legislators are draft$1 ?an !y d ! solid bulk ( ! community4 ,!y are decid$ly 9 ! movem5t p>ty1 & =m a portion1 n ( ! balla/1 b ( ! sup]flu\s sail1 ( ! ,/ate4 ,nor %\ld x be difficult to r5d] ! fact evid5t to all4 ,9 "o ( our nor!rn burghs--,d+wall--a majority ( ! ,t[n ,c\ncil lately memorializ$ ! ,directors ( ! ,ed9burgh & ,glasg[ ,railway 9 exactly ! same ve9 z ! majority ( our ,ed9burgh ,t[n ,c\ncil4 ,s extreme a /ep seem$ r extraord9>y = ,ross-%ire2 & a g5tleman ( ! burgh1 "o ( ! vot]s1 conv9c$ t ! (ficials 7 f> inde$ f repres5t+ _! con/itu5cy1 %rewdly set himself to demon/rate ! real /ate ( ! case4 ,fir/ he possess$ himself ( an accr$it$ li/ ( ! vot]s2 & !n1 ) a memorial address$ to ! ,directors1 /rongly condemnatory ( ! conduct ( ! ,c\ncil1 he call$ ^u e vot] 9 ! burgh :o _h n tak5 ! opposite side 9 ! "* ( a c\ncillor1 ) ! exception ( two1 ^: views he _h previ\sly asc]ta9$ to be unfav\rable4 ,& :at1 ?9ks our read]1 0 ! result8 ,sev5 c\ncillors _h vot$ on ! anti-,sabbat>ian side2 & ! provo/1 = himself & ! ,c\ncil1 _h aft]w>ds sign$ ! memorial4 ,& ( ! vot]s outside1 f\r 7 f\nd to make common cause ) !m4 ,two m did n make common cause ) !m1 b 7 n prep>$ to condemn !m1 & s did n sign4 ,!re 7 ?us f\rte5 9 all :o 7 ei!r n oppos$ to ! runn+ ( ,sabba? tra9s1 or :o 7 at lea/ n dispos$ op5ly to d5\nce ! p>ties :o _h memorializ$ ! ,directors1 9 ! "n ( ! burgh1 to ! effect t ,sabba? tra9s %\ld be run4 ,( ! o!r electors1 t5 7 non-resid5t1 five m 7 out ( t[n at ! "t1 ?ree _h fall5 out ( possession s9ce ! roll _h be5 made up1 & "o 0 dead4 ,& all ! o!rs1 am\nt+ to sixty-n9e 9 numb]1 at once sign$ ! docum5t condemnatory ( ! ,c\ncil1 & 7 happy to h an opportunity ( do+ s4 ,! available votes ( ! burgh 7 oppos$ to ^? ( _! pseudo-repres5tatives 9 ! proportion ( ne>ly six to "o4 ,9 ! p>liam5t>y burgh ( ,crom>ty an almo/ simil> exp]im5t 0 made4 ,!re1 h[ev]1 ?\gh ! movem5t p>ty _h compos$ ! majority ( ! ,c\ncil only a few ye>s s9ce1 !y _h be5 ca/ out ( (fice1 p>tly ?r\gh a /rong reaction :i* _h tak5 place aga9/ !m1 p>tly 9 consequ5ce ( a qu>rel among !mselves4 ,& s ! exi/+ ,t[n ,c\ncil took ! initiative 9 memorializ+ ! ,directors 9 fav\r ( ! rec5t resolution n to run ,sunday tra9s4 ,( all ! vot]s ( ! burgh1 only five /ood alo(2 all ! o!rs made common cause ) ! ,t[n ,c\ncil 9 atta*+ _! names to _! docum5t4 ,b x is a significant fact1 t 9 ! knot ( five ! ex-c\ncillors ( ! movem5t p>ty 7 includ$2 & t _h !y be5 9 ! ,c\ncil /ill1 a majority w\ld to a c]ta9ty h vot$ 9 ! wake ( ! ,ed9burgh ,t[n ,c\ncil4 ,!re is mu* in/ruction 9 facts su* z ^!2 & !y may be turn$ to great practical acc\nt4 ,:y %\ld n ! s5tim5ts ( e vot] 9 ,scotl& be tak5 on ?is same ,sabba? "q n[8 or :at is !re to prev5t u f tak+ ! s5tim5ts ( e vot] 9 ,scotl& on ! ,popi% end[m5t "q by & by8 ,x is a t$i\s & exp5sive matt] to get up petitions1 to :i* all & sundry affix _! names2 b ! fran*ise-hold]s ( ,scotl& are comp>atively a n v num]\s class2 & ab\t ! same am\nt ( lab\r t goes to a mon?ly collection = ! ,su/5tation ,fund1 w\ld be q suffici5t to place be=e ,gov]nm5t & ! c\ntry ! full expression ( _! feel+s & op9ions on ! two lead+ que/ions ( ! day4 ,b en\gh = ! pres5t--'a ^w to ! wise4' ,janu>y #bj1 #ahdg4 ,,su!rl& ,,z ,,x ,,0 ,,& ,,is2#a ,,or1 ,,h[ ,a ,,c\ntry ,,may ,,be ,,ru9$4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,!re appe>$ at ,p>is1 ab\t five ye>s ago1 a s+ul>ly +5i\s "w on political economy1 f ! p5 ( ! late ,m4 de ,sismondi1 a writ] ( ,european reputation4 ,! great] "p ( ! fir/ volume is tak5 up ) discussions on t]ritorial weal?1 & ! condition ( ! cultivators ( ! soil2 & 9 ?is portion ( ! "w !re is a prom95t place assign$ to a subject :i* p]haps few ,scot* read]s w\ld expect to see introduc$ ?r\gh ! m$ium ( a =eign tongue to ! p ( a great cont95tal ,/ate4 ,we f9d ?is philosophic writ]1 ^: works are kn[n f> beyond ! limits ( 8 language1 devot+ an entire essay to ! case ( ! late ,du*ess ( ,su!rl& & h] t5ants1 & =m+ a judgm5t on x v unlike ! decision ( political economi/s 9 our own c\ntry1 :o h n hesitat$ to *>act]ize h] great & s+ul>ly h>% exp]im5t1 ^: wor/ effects we are b beg9n+ to see1 z at once ju/ifiable 9 itself & happy 9 its results4 ,x is curi\s to obs]ve h[ de$s done z if 9 d>kness & a corn]1 are beg9n+1 aft] ! lapse ( ne>ly ?irty ye>s1 to be proclaim$ on ! h\se-tops4 ,! exp]im5t ( ! late ,du*ess 0 n int5d$ to be made 9 ! eye ( ,europe4 ,its details w\ld ill be> ! exposure4 ,:5 ,cobbett simply ref]r$ to x only t5 ye>s ago1 ! noble proprietrix 0 />tl$1 z if a r delicate family secret 0 on ! eve ( be+ divulg$2 & yet no?+ seems m evid5t n[ ?an t civilis$ man all ov] ! _w is to be made aw>e ( h[ ! exp]im5t 0 accompli%$1 & :at x is ultimately to produce4 ,x mu/ be obvi\s1 fur!r1 t ! infatuation ( ! pres5t proprietor1 9 virtually sett+ aside ! ,tol]ation ,act on 8 prop]ty1 mu/ h ! effect ( spread+ ! k ( x all ! m widely1 & ( r5d]+ its results mu* m disa/r\s ?an !y c\ld h possibly be5 ( !mselves4 ,9 a "t ( quiet & good ord]1 :5 law1 :e!r 9 ! "r or ! wrong1 is all-pot5t 9 en=c+ its f9d+s1 ! argum5t :i* ! philosophic ,fr5*man employs 9 behalf ( ! eject$ t5antry ( ,su!rl&1 is an argum5t at :i* proprietors may af=d to smile4 ,9 a "t ( revolution1 h[ev]1 :5 l&s *ange _! own]s1 & old families give place to new ones1 x might be f\nd some:at =midable1--suffici5tly s1 at lea/1 to lead a wise proprietor 9 an unsettl$ age r to conciliate ?an oppress & irritate ! class :o w\ld be able 9 su* circum/ances to urge x ) mo/ effect4 ,x is n easy do+ ju/ice 9 a few s5t5ces to ! facts & reason+s ( an elaborate essay2 b ! l9e ( ! argum5t runs some:at ?us4 ,"u ! old ,celtic t5ures--! only t5ures1 be x rememb]$1 ?r\gh :i* ! lords ( ,su!rl& d]ive _! rights to _! l&s--! ,klaan1 or *ildr5 ( ! soil1 7 ! proprietors ( ! soil3 '! :ole ( ,su!rl&1' says ,sismondi1 belong$ to '! m5 ( ,su!rl&4' ,_! *ief 0 _! mon>*1 & a v absolute mon>* he 04 ',he gave ! diff]5t tacks ( l& to 8 (fic]s1 or took !m away f !m1 accord+ z !y %[$ !mselves m or less useful 9 w>4 ,b ?\gh he c\ld ?us1 9 a milit>y s5se1 rew>d or puni% ! clan1 he c\ld n dim9i% 9 ! lea/ ! prop]ty ( ! clan itself2'--he 0 a *ief1 n a proprietor1 & _h 'no m "r to expel f _! homes ! inhabitants ( 8 c\nty1 ?an a k+ to expel f 8 c\ntry ! inhabitants ( 8 k+dom4' ',n[1 ! ,gaelic t5ant1' cont9ues ! ,fr5*man1 'has nev] be5 conqu]$2 nor did he =feit1 on any aft] occasion1 ! rights :i* he orig9ally possess$2'--9 po9t ( "r1 he is /ill a co-proprietor ) 8 capta94 ,to a ,scot*man acqua9t$ ) ! law ( prop]ty z x has exi/$ among u1 9 ev5 ! ,highl&s1 = ! la/ c5tury1 & ev]y:]e else = at lea/ two c5turies m1 ! view may seem extreme2 n s1 h[ev]1 to a native ( ! ,cont95t1 9 _m p>ts ( :i* prescription & cu/om are f\nd rang$1 n on ! side ( ! *ief1 b on t ( ! vassal4 ',switz]l&1' says ,sismondi1 ':i* 9 s _m respects resembles ,scotl&--9 its lakes--its m\nta9s--its climate--& ! "*1 mann]s1 & habits ( its *ildr5--0 likewise at ! same p]iod p>cell$ out among a small numb] ( lords4 ,if ! ,c\nts ( ,kyburgh1 ( ,l5tzburg1 ( ,hapsburg1 & ( ,gruy]es1 _h be5 protect$ by ! ,engli% laws1 !y w\ld f9d !mselves at ! pres5t day precisely 9 ! condition 9 :i* ! ,e>ls ( ,su!rl& 7 tw5ty ye>s ago4 ,"s ( !m w\ld p]haps h _h ! same ta/e = improvem5ts1 & sev]al republics w\ld h be5 expell$ f ! ,alps1 to make room = flocks ( %eep4' ',b :ile ! law has giv5 to ! ,swiss peasant a gu>antee ( p]petuity1 x is to ! ,scotti% laird t x has ext5d$ ?is gu>antee 9 ! ,briti% empire1 leav+ ! peasant 9 a prec>i\s situation4' ',! clan--recognis$ at fir/ by ! capta91 :om !y foll[$ 9 w> & obey$ = _! common advantage1 z 8 fri5ds & relations1 !n z 8 soldi]s1 !n z 8 vassals1 !n z 8 f>m]s--he has come f9ally to reg>d z hir$ lab\r]s1 :om he may p]*ance all[ to rema9 on ! soil ( _! common c\ntry = 8 own advantage1 b :om he has ! p[] to expel s soon z he no long] f9ds x = 8 int]e/ to keep !m4' ,argum5ts l ^? ( ,sismondi1 h[ev] mu* _! =ce may be felt on ! ,cont95t1 c\ld be =midable at home1 z we h said1 9 only a "t ( revolution1 :5 ! v f\ndations ( society w\ld be unfix$1 & op9ion set loose1 to pull d[n or recon/ruct at pleasure4 ,b x is surely n un9t]e/+ to m>k h[1 9 ! c\rse ( ev5ts1 t v law ( ,engl& :i*1 9 ! view ( ! ,fr5*man1 has done ! ,highl& peasant s mu* less1 & ! ,highl& *ief s mu* m ?an ju/ice1 is bidd+ fair1 9 ! case ( ,su!rl& at lea/1 to c>ry its rude equaliz+ rem$y along ) x4 ,betwe5 ! ye>s #ahaa & #ahbj1 fifte5 ?\s& inhabitants ( ?is nor!rn di/rict 7 eject$ f _! snug inl& f>ms1 by means = :i* we w\ld 9 va9 seek a prec$5t1 except1 p]*ance1 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,iri% massacre4 ,b ?\gh ! int]ior ( ! c\nty 0 ?us improv$ into a des]t1 9 :i* !re are _m ?\s&s ( %eep1 b few human habitations1 let x n be suppos$ by ! read] t its g5]al population1 0 9 any degree less5$4 ,s f> 0 ?is f be+ ! case1 t ! c5sus ( #ahba %[$ an increase ov] ! c5sus ( #ahaa ( m ?an two hundr$2 & ! pres5t population ( ,su!rl& exce$s1 by a ?\s&1 its population be=e ! *ange4 ,! c\nty has n be5 depopulat$--its population has be5 m]ely arrang$ aft] a new fa%ion4 ,! late ,du*ess f\nd x spread equally ov] ! int]ior & ! sea-coa/1 & 9 v com=table circum/ances2--%e left x compress$ into a wret*$ selvage ( pov]ty & suff]+1 t fr+es ! c\nty on its ea/]n & we/]n %ores4 ,& ! law :i* enabl$ h] to make su* an arrangem5t1 maugre ! anci5t rights ( ! poor ,highl&]1 is n[ on ! eve ( /epp+ 91 9 its own clumsy way1 to make h] family pay ! p5alty4 ,! evil ( a poor-law c be no long] av]t$ f ,scotl&4 ,h[ev] mu* we may dislike compulsory assessm5t = ! support ( our poor1 x c be no long] avoid$4 ,our ari/ocracy h be5 work+ h>d = x dur+ ! :ole ( ! pres5t c5tury1 & a little long]2 ! disruption ( ! ,scotti% ,*ur*1 z ! la/ 9 a s]ies ( ev5ts1 all ( :i* h t5d$ t[>ds x1 has r5d]$ x inevitable4 ,let ! evid5ce ( ! pres5t commission]s on ! subject be :at x may1 x _c be ( a k9d suit$ to %[ t if ,engl& %\ld h a poor-law1 ,scotl& %\ld h none4 ,! s\!rn k+dom mu/ & w give u a poor-law2 & !n %all ! selvage ( deep pov]ty :i* fr+es ! sea-coa/s ( ,su!rl& av5ge on ! titl$ proprietor ( ! c\nty bo? 8 "m's error & 8 own4 ,if our ,briti% laws1 unlike ^? ( ,switz]l&1 fail$ mis]ably 9 h] day 9 protect+ ! vassal1 !y w m ?an fail1 9 ^? ( h] successor1 9 protect+ ! "l4 ,our political economi/s %all h an opportunity ( r$uc+ _! argum5ts reg>d+ ! improvem5ts 9 ,su!rl& into a few ari?metical t]ms1 :i* ! m]e/ tyro w be able to grapple )4 ,we f9d a simil> case ?us /rongly /at$ by ,cobbett 9 8 ,nor!rn ,t\r1 & 9 connection ) a well-kn[n "n3--',sir ,james ,graham has 8 e/ate ly+ (f ?is road to ! left4 ,he has n be5 cle>+ 8 e/ate--! poor-law w\ld n let him d t2 b he has be5 cle>+ (f ! small f>ms1 & mak+ !m into l>ge ones1 :i* he _h a "r to d1 because x is he himself t is f9ally to endure ! consequ5ces ( t3 he has a "r to d t2 & ^? :o are made indig5t 9 consequ5ce ( 8 s do+1 h a "r to dem& a ma9t5ance out ( ! l&1 accord+ to ! ,act ( ! #dc;d ( ,elizabe?1 :i* gave ! p a ,,comp5sation = ! loss ( ! ti!s & *ur* l&s :i* _h be5 tak5 away by ! ari/ocracy 9 ! reigns ( ! ,tudors4 ,if ,sir ,james ,graham *oose to m\ld 8 f9e & l>ge e/ate into imm5se f>ms1 & to break up num]\s happy families 9 ! middle rank ( life1 & to expose !m all to ! necessity ( com+ & dem&+ su/5ance f 8 e/ate2 if he *oose to be surr\nd$ by masses ( p]sons 9 ?is /ate1 he %all n call !m paup]s1 = t insol5t t]m is n to be f\nd 9 ! comp5sation-laws ( ,elizabe?2 if he *oose to be surr\nd$ by sw>ms ( be+s ( ?is description1 ) feel+s 9 _! bosoms t[>ds him su* z ,i ne$ n describe1--if he *oose ?is1 8 ,,"r c]ta9ly ext5ds ?us f>2 b ,i tell him t he has no "r to say to any man born 9 8 p>i%es1 ,y %all n be "h1 & y %all n h a ma9t5ance (f ^! l&s4' ,!re is b poor com=t1 h[ev]1 to "k1 :5 "o sees a c\ntry ru9$1 t ! p]petrators ( ! mis*ief h n ru9$ x to _! own advantage4 ,we purpose %[+ h[ signal 9 ! case ( ,su!rl& ?is ru9 has be51 & h[ v extreme ! infatuation :i* cont9ues to possess its h]$it>y "l4 ,we are old en\gh to rememb] ! c\nty 9 its orig9al /ate1 :5 x 0 at once ! happie/ & "o ( ! mo/ exempl>y di/ricts 9 ,scotl&1 & pass$1 at two sev]al p]iods1 a consid]able "t among its hills2 we are n unacqua9t$ ) x n[1 nor ) its melan*oly & deject$ p1 t we> out life 9 _! com=tless cottages on ! sea-%ore4 ,! problem solv$ 9 ?is remote di/rict ( ! k+dom is n at all unwor?y ! att5tion :i* x seems b beg9n+ to draw1 b :i* is already n re/rict$ to "o k+dom1 or ev5 "o cont95t4 ----- #a ',i w g & inquire ^u ! spot :e!r ! natives ( ! c\nty ( ,,su!rl& 7 driv5 f ! l& ( _! bir? by ! ,c\ntess ( t "n1 & by h] husb& ! ,m>quis ( ,/af=d4444 ,i wi% to possess au!ntic in=mation relative to t ,,cle>+ affair2 = ?\gh x took place tw5ty ye>s ago1 x may be j z necess>y to inquire into x n[4 ,x may be q prop] to inquire into ! means t 7 us$ to effect ! ,,cle>+4'--,,cobbett4 ',x is pa9ful to dwell on ?is subject' ! pres5t /ate ( ,su!rl&2 'b z in=mation communicat$ by m5 ( hon\r1 judgm5t1 & p]fect v]acity1 descriptive ( :at !y daily witness1 af=ds ! be/ means ( =m+ a correct judgm5t1 & z ^! g5tlem51 f _! situations 9 life1 h no imm$iate int]e/ 9 ! det]m9ation ( ! "q1 beyond :at is dictat$ by humanity & a love ( tru?1 _! au?ority may be consid]$ z und\bt$4'--,,g5]al ,,/ew>t ( ,g>?4 ',x is by a cruel abuse ( legal =ms--x is by an unju/ usurpation--t ! tacksman & ! t5ant ( ,su!rl& are consid]$ z hav+ no "r to ! l& :i* !y h occupi$ = s _m ages4444 ,a c\nt or e>l has no m "r to expel f _! homes ! inhabitants ( 8 c\nty1 ?an a k+ to expel f 8 c\ntry ! inhabitants ( 8 k+dom4'--,,sismondi4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,we he>d s]mon 9 ! op5 air ) a poor ,highl& congregation 9 ,su!rl&%ire only a few weeks ago2 & ! sc5e 0 "o :i* we %all n soon =get4 ,! place ( meet+ 0 a gre5 hill-side1 ne> ! op5+ ( a deep1 long )draw+ /ra?1 ) a riv] runn+ ?r\gh ! mid/4 ,we /ood on ! slope :]e ! la/ ( a l9e ( bold em95ces1 t =m ! s\!rn side ( ! valley1 s9ks t[>ds ! sea4 ,a tall precipit\s m\nta91 rev]5d & ho>y1 & well fitt$ to tranquillize ! m9d1 f ! sob] solemnity t re/s on its massy features1 rose front+ u on ! nor?2 a quiet burial-gr\nd lay at its feet2 :ile1 on ! opposite side1 betwe5 u & ! sea1 !re fr[n$ an anci5t /ronghold ( "t-eat5 /one--an impressive memorial ( an age ( viol5ce & blood%$4 ,! la/ proprietor1 says tradition1 _h to quit ?is dwell+ by night1 ) all 8 family1 9 consequ5ce ( "s un=tunate broil1 & take refuge 9 a small coa/+ vessel2 a t]rible /orm arose--! vessel f\nd]$ at sea--& ! hapless proprietor & 8 *ildr5 7 nev]more he>d (4 ,& h5ce1 x is said1 ! ext9ction ( ! race4 ,! /ory speaks ( an unsettl$ "t2 nor is x difficult to trace1 9 ! long deep valley on ! opposite h&1 ! memorials ( a /ory n less sad1 ?\gh mu* m mod]n4 ,on bo? sides ! riv] ! eye re/s on a multitude ( scatt]$ pat*es ( gre51 t seem inlaid 9 ! br[n hea?4 ,we trace on ^! isl&s ( sw>d ! m>ks ( furr[s1 & m>k "h & !re1 ?r\gh ! lonel9ess1 ! rema9s ( a gr\p ( cottages1 well-nigh levell$ ) ! soil1 &1 haply l ^? ru9s :i* ea/]n conqu]ors leave 9 _! track1 /ill sca!d ) fire4 ,all is solitude )9 ! valley1 except :]e1 at wide int]vals1 ! %iel+ ( a %eph]d may be se52 b at its op5+1 :]e ! hills range to ! coa/1 ! cottages = miles toge!r lie clu/]$ z 9 a hamlet4 ,f ! nor? ( ,helmsdale to ! s\? ( ,port ,g[]1 ! l[] slopes ( ! hills are cov]$ by a labyr9? ( /one f5ces1 m9ute pat*es ( corn1 & endless cottages4 ,x w\ld seem z if = tw5ty miles ! long )draw+ valley _h be5 swept ( its inhabitants1 & ! accumulat$ sweep+s left at its m\?1 j z we see ! sweep+s ( a room sometimes left at ! door4 ,& su* g5]ally is ! pres5t /ate ( ,su!rl&4 ,! int]ior is a solitude occupi$ by a few %eep-f>m]s & _! h9ds2 :ile a m num]\s population ?an fell to ! %>e ( ! entire c\nty1 ere ! inhabitants 7 expell$ f _! inl& hold+s1 & left to squat ^u ! coa/1 occupy ! selvage ( discont5t & pov]ty t fr+es its %ores4 ,! congregation ) :i* we wor%ipp$ on ?is occasion 0 drawn ma9ly f ^! cottages1 & ! neighb\r+ village ( ,helmsdale4 ,x consi/$ ( f six to eight hundr$ ,highl&]s1 all devot$ adh]5ts ( ! ,free ,*ur*4 ,we h r>ely se5 a m deeply s]i\s assemblage2 nev] c]ta9ly "o t bore an air ( su* deep dejection4 ,! p 7 wond]fully clean & dec5t2 = x is ill ) ,highl&]s :5 !y neglect _! p]sonal appe>ance1 especially on a ,sabba?2 b x 0 all too evid5t t ! heavy h& ( pov]ty re/$ ^u !m1 & t its evils 7 n[ deep5$ by oppression4 ,x might be a m]e trick ( association2 b :5 _! pla9tive ,gaelic s++1 s melan*oly 9 its tones at all times1 arose f ! b>e hill-side1 x s\nd$ 9 our e>s l a deep wail ( compla9t & sorr[4 ,poor p6 ',we 7 ru9$ & r$uc$ to begg>y be=e1' !y say1 '& n[ ! gospel is tak5 f u4' ,n9e-t5?s ( ! poor p ( ,su!rl& are adh]5ts ( ! ,free ,*ur*--all ( !m 9 ^: families ! wor%ip ( ,god has be5 set up--all :o ent]ta9 a s]i\s belief 9 ! reality ( religion--all :o are n ! creatures ( ! proprietor1 & h n /ifl$ _! convictions = a piece ( bread--are devot$ly atta*$ to ! dise/abli%$ m9i/]s1 & w endure none o!r4 ,! residu>y cl]gy !y d n recognise z cl]gy at all4 ,! ,e/abli%$ *ur*es h become z useless 9 ! di/rict1 z if1 l its ,druidical circles1 !y repres5t$ "s idolatr\s belief1 long explod$--! p w n ent] !m2 & !y respectfully petition 8 ,grace to be p]mitt$ to build o!r *ur*es = !mselves4 ,& fa9 w\ld 8 ,grace indulge !m1 he says4 ,9 accordance ) ! sugge/ions ( an innate desire1 will+ly w\ld he p]mit !m to build _! own *ur*es & support _! own m9i/]s4 ,b !n1 has he n loyally engag$ to support ! ,e/abli%m5t8 ,to p]mit a religi\s & in(f5sive p to build _! own places ( wor%ip1 & support _! own cl]gy1 w\ld be sanction+ a sort ( p]secution aga9/ ! ,e/abli%m5t2 & z 8 ,grace dislikes religi\s p]secution1 & has det]m9$ always to oppose :atev] t5ds to x1 he has resolv$ to make use ( 8 influ5ce1 z ! mo/ ext5sive ( ,scotti% proprietors1 9 =c+ !m back to _! p>i% *ur*es4 ,if !y p]si/ 9 wor%ipp+ ,god agreeably to ! dictates ( _! consci5ce1 x mu/ be on ! un%elt]$ hill-side--9 w9t]1 amid ! fro/s & sn[s ( a sev]e nor!rn climate--9 ! mild] seasons1 expos$ to ! scor*+ sun & ! dr5*+ %[]4 ,!y mu/ n be p]mitt$ ! %elt] ( a ro(1 = t w\ld be p]secut+ ! ,e/abli%m5t2 & s to ! ,e/abli%m5t mu/ ! p be =c$ back1 lit]ally by /ress ( wea!r4 ,8 ,grace owes a debt to ! national in/itution1 & x seems to irk 8 consci5ce until "s equival5t be made4 ,he is n himself a memb]--he ex]cises ! same sort ( lib]ty :i* 8 p w\ld s fa9 ex]cise2 & to make am5ds = d>+ to belong to ano!r ,*ur* himself 7t ( ,engl&71 he has det]m9$1 if he c help x1 t ! p %all belong to no o!r4 ,he has resolv$1 x w\ld seem1 to comp\nd = 8 own lib]ty by depriv+ !m ( !irs4 ,h[ !y are to /& out ! w9t] on ?is expos$ ea/]n coa/1 ,he alone kn[s :o nev] %uts ,8 e> to ! cry ( ! oppress$4 ,"o ?+ is c]ta91 !y w nev] return to ! ,e/abli%m5t4 ,on ?is ,sabba? ! congregation 9 ! p>i% *ur* did n1 z we aft]w>ds le>n$1 exce$ a score2 & ! quoad sacra *apel ( ! di/rict 0 lock$ up4 ,long be=e ! ,disruption ! p _h well-nigh ceas$ att5d+ ! m9i/rations ( ! p>i% incumb5t4 ,! ,su!rl& ,highl&]s are /ill a dev\t p2 !y l a bald m$iocre essay none ! bett] = its be+ call$ a s]mon1 & read on ,sabba?4 ,! noble ,duke1 _! l&lord1 has said n a little 9 8 lett]s to !m ab\t ! extreme slightness ( ! diff]5ce :i* obta9s betwe5 ! ,free & ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur*es3 x is a diff]5ce s exce$+ly slight1 t 8 ,grace fails to see x2 & he hopes t by & by1 :5 w9t] %all h ?ick5$ ! atmosph]e ) its fro/ rime & its sn[s1 8 poor t5antry may prove z unable to see x z himself4 ,) !m1 h[ev]1 ! diff]5ce is n ma9ly a doctr9al "o4 ,!y believe ) ! old ,e>ls ( ,su!rl&1 :o did mu* to fo/] ! belief 9 ?is nor!rn c\nty1 t !re is su* a ?+ z p]sonal piety1--t ( two cl]gym5 hold+ nom9ally ! same doctr9es1 & b\nd o/5sibly by ! same /&>ds1 "o may be a reg5]ate man1 e>ne/ly b5t on ! conv]sion ( o!rs1 & ready to lay d[n 8 worldly possessions1 & ev5 life itself1 = ! cause ( ! gospel2 :ile ! o!r may be an unreg5]ate man1 s little desir\s ( ! conv]sion ( o!rs1 t he w\ld b decry & dete/ !m did he f9d !m conv]t$ already1 & s c>eless ( ! gospel1 t did n 8 liv+ dep5d on pr(ess+ to prea* x1 he w\ld nei!r be an advocate = x himself1 nor yet come )9 e>%ot ( :]e x 0 advocat$ by o!rs4 ,! ,highl&]s ( ,su!rl& hold 9 deep s]i\sness a belief ( ?is "*4 ,!y believe1 fur!r1 t ! m9i/]s ( _! own m\nta9 di/rict belong to ^! two classes--t ! ,disruption ( ! ,scotti% ,*ur* has ?r[n ! classes ap>t--t ! residu>ies are n m5 ( p]sonal piety--!y h se5 no conv]sions att5d+ _! m9i/ry--nor h !y lack$ reason to deem !m unconv]t$ !mselves4 ,unlike 8 ,grace ! ,duke1 ! p h be5 intellig5t en\gh to see two sets ( pr9ciples rang$ 9 decid$ antagonism 9 ! ,*ur* "q2 b /ill m cle>ly h !y se5 two sets ( m54 ,!y h id5tifi$ ! cause ( ! gospel ) t ( !-,free ,*ur* 9 _! di/rict2 & nei!r ! ,duke ( ,su!rl& nor ! ,e/abli%m5t :i* he is 'engag$ 9 endeav\r+ to ma9ta91' w be able to rev]se ! op9ion4 ,we h said t 8 ,grace's ance/ors1 ! old e>ls1 did mu* to fo/] ?is _s4 ,! hi/ory ( ,su!rl&1 z a c\nty1 diff]s f all our o!r ,highl& di/ricts4 ,its two great families 7 ^? ( ,reay & ,su!rl&1 bo? ( :i*1 f an e>ly p]iod ( ! ,re=mation1 7 n only ,prote/ant1 b also ?or\ghly evangelical4 ,x 0 ! v5]able ,e>l ( ,su!rl& :o fir/ subscrib$ ! ,national ,cov5ant 9 ! ,greyfri>s4 ,x 0 a scion ( ! ,reay family--a man ( great p]sonal piety--:o l$ ! troops ( ,william aga9/ ,dundee at ,killiecrankie4 ,_! influ5ce 0 all-p[]ful 9 ,su!rl&1 & direct$ to ! be/ ends2 & we f9d x /at$ by ,capta9 ,h5d]son1 9 8 g5]al view ( ! agriculture ( ! c\ntry1 z a well-e/abli%$ & surely n un9t]e/+ fact1 t '! crimes ( rap9e1 murd]1 & plund]1 ?\gh n unusual 9 ! c\nty dur+ ! feuds & conflicts ( ! clans1 7 put an end to ab\t ! ye> #afdj'--;a full c5tury be=e our o!r ,highl& di/ricts _h become ev5 p>tially civilis$4 ',pi\s e>ls & b>ons ( =m] times1' says a native ( ! c\nty1 9 a small "w publi%$ 9 ,ed9burgh ab\t sixte5 ye>s ago1 'enc\rag$ & patroniz$ pi\s m9i/]s1 & a high tone ( religi\s feel+ came ?us to be diffus$ ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry4' ,its piety 0 /rongly ( ! ,presbyt]ian type2 & 9 no di/rict ( ! s\? 7 ! que/ions :i* receiv$ su* prom95ce 9 our late ecclesia/ical controv]sy bett] und]/ood by bo? ! p & ! patrons1 ?an 9 ,su!rl& a full c5tury ago4 ,we h be=e u an int]e/+ docum5t1 ! invitation ( ! eld]s1 p>i%ion]s1 & h]itors ( ,lairg1 to ! ,rev4 ,?omas ,m',kay1 #agdh1 to be _! m9i/]1 9 :i*1 'hop+ t' he w\ld f9d _! 'call1 c>ri$ on ) great s9c]ity1 unanimity1 & ord]1 to be a cle> call f ! ,"l1' !y fai?fully promise to 'yield him1 9 _! sev]al /ations & relations1 all dutiful respect & enc\ragem5t4' ,william ,e>l ( ,su!rl& 0 patron ( ! p>i%1 b we f9d him on ?is occasion ex]cis+ no patronate p[]s3 at ! head ( p>i%ion]s & eld]s he m]ely adhibits 8 "n4 ,he m]ely invites ) ! o!rs4 ,! /ate ( morals 9 ! c\nty 0 rem>kably exemplifi$ at a lat] p]iod by ! regim5t ( ,su!rl& ,highl&]s1 embodi$ orig9ally 9 #agic1 "u ! "n ( ! ,su!rl&%ire ,f5cibles1 & subsequ5tly 9 #ahjj z ! #ic;d ,regim5t4 ,mo/ o!r troops are drawn f among ! unsettl$ & reckless "p ( ! population2 n s ! ,su!rl& ,highl&]s4 ,on ! break+ out ( ! revolution>y w>1 ! "m ( ! pres5t ,duke summon$ !m f _! hills1 & five hundr$ fight+ m5 m>*$ d[n to ,dunrob9 ,ca/le1 to make a t5d] ( _! swords to _! c\ntry1 at ! comm& ( _! *iefta9ess4 ,! regim5t1 !re=e1 mu/ be reg>d$ z a fair specim5 ( ! "* ( ! di/rict2 & f ! description ( ,g5]al ,/ew>t ( ,g>?1 & "o or two s\rces besides1 we may le>n :at t "* 04 ',9 ! words ( a g5]al (fic] by :om !y 7 once review$1' says ,g5]al ,/ew>t1 '!y exhibit$ a p]fect patt]n ( milit>y discipl9e & moral rectitude4' ',:5 /ation$ at ! ,cape ( ,good ,hope1 anxi\s to enjoy ! advantages ( religi\s in/ruction agreeably to ! t5ets ( _! national ,*ur*1 & !re be+ no religi\s s]vice 9 ! g>rison except ! cu/om>y "o ( read+ pray]s to ! soldi]s on p>ade1 ! ,su!rl& m5 =m$ !mselves into a congregation1 appo9t$ eld]s ( _! own numb]1 engag$ & paid a /ip5d 7collect$ among !mselves7 to a cl]gyman ( ! ,*ur* ( ,scotl& 7:o _h gone out ) an int5tion ( tea*+ & prea*+ to ! ,caffres71 & _h div9e s]vice p]=m$ agreeably to ! ritual ( ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur*4444 ,9 addition to ^! exp5ses1 ! soldi]s regul>ly remitt$ money to _! relatives 9 ,su!rl&4 ,:5 !y disemb>k$ at ,plym\? 9 ,augu/ #ahad1 ! inhabitants 7 bo? surpris$ & gratifi$4 ,on su* occasions x _h be5 no uncommon ?+ = soldi]s to sp5d 9 tav]ns & g9-%ops ! money !y _h sav$4 ,9 ! pres5t case ! soldi]s ( ,su!rl& 7 se5 9 book-sell]s' %ops1 supply+ !mselves ) ,bibles & su* books & tracts z !y requir$4 ,yet1 z at ! ,cape1 :]e _! religi\s habits 7 s free ( all fanatical gloom t !y occasionally indulg$ 9 social meet+s & danc+1 s "h1 :ile exp5d+ _! money on books1 !y did n neglect _! p]sonal appe>ance2 & ! hab]da%]s' %ops _h also _! %>e ( trade1 f ! pur*ase ( additional fea!rs to _! bonnets1 & su* extra decorations z ! correctness ( milit>y regulations all[ to be introduc$ into ! uni=m4 ,nor1 :ile ?us m9dful ( !mselves--improv+ _! m9d & _! p]sonal appe>ance--did su* ( !m z _h relations 9 ,su!rl& =get _! de/itute condition1 occasion$ by ! loss ( _! l&s1 & ! op]ation ( ! improv$ /ate ( ! c\ntry4 ,dur+ ! %ort p]iod t ! regim5t 0 qu>t]$ at ,plym\?1 upw>ds ( #ejj 7 lodg$ 9 "o bank+ h\se to be remitt$ to ,su!rl&1 exclusive ( _m sums s5t ?r\gh ! ,po/ ,(fice & by (fic]s4 ,"s ( ! sums exce$$ #bj f an individual soldi]4' ',9 ! case ( su* m51' cont9ues ! ,g5]al1 'disgraceful puni%m5t 0 z unnecess>y z x w\ld h be5 p]nici\s4 ,inde$1 s remote 0 ! idea ( su* a measure 9 reg>d to !m1 t :5 puni%m5ts 7 to be inflict$ on o!rs1 & ! troops 9 camp1 g>rison1 or qu>t]s assembl$ to witness ! execution1 ! pres5ce ( ! ,su!rl& ,highl&]s--ei!r ( ! f5cibles or ( ! l9e--0 disp5s$ )2 ! effect ( t]ror1 z a *eck to crime1 be+ 9 _! case uncall$ =1 z examples ( t nature 7 n necess>y = su* hon\rable soldi]s4 ,su* 7 ^! m5 9 g>rison4 ,h[ ?or\ghly !y 7 guid$ by hon\r & loyalty 9 ! field1 0 %[n at ,new ,orleans4 ,al?\gh _m ( _! c\ntrym5 :o _h emigrat$ to ,am]ica 7 ready & anxi\s to receive !m1 !re 0 n an in/ance ( des]tion2 nor did "o ( ^? :o 7 left beh9d1 w\nd$ or prison]s1 =get _! allegiance & rema9 9 t c\ntry1 at ! same "t t des]tions f ! ,briti% army 7 b too frequ5t4' ,?is is te/imony :i* ev5 m5 ( ! _w w sc>ce suspect4 ,we c supplem5t x by t ( ! mission>y :om ! ,su!rl&%ire soldi]s made *oice ( at ,cape ,t[n z _! m9i/]4 ,we quote f a lett] by ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,?om1 :i* appe>$ 9 ! ,*ri/ian ,h]ald ( ,octob] #ahad3-- ',:5 ! #ic;d ,su!rl& ,highl&]s left ,cape ,t[n la/ mon?1' writes ! rev]5d g5tleman1 '!re 7 among !m #aef memb]s ( ! *ur* 7includ+ ?ree eld]s & ?ree deacons71 all ( :om1 s f> z man c "k ! he>t f ! life1 7 pi\s p]sons4 ,! regim5t 0 c]ta9ly a patt]n = morality & good behavi\r to e o!r corps4 ,!y read _! ,bibles2 !y obs]v$ ! ,sabba?2 !y sav$ _! money 9 ord] to d good2 #gjjj rix-doll>s 7#adjj curr5cy7 ! non-commission$ (fic]s & privates gave = books1 societies1 & ! support ( ! gospel--a sum p]haps unp>allel$ 9 any o!r corps 9 ! _w1 giv5 9 ! %ort space ( sev5te5 or eighte5 mon?s4 ,_! example _h a g5]al good effect on bo? ! coloni/s & hea!n4 ,h[ !y may act z to religion 9 o!r p>ts is kn[n to ,god2 b if ev] apo/olic days 7 reviv$ 9 mod]n times on e>?1 ,i c]ta9ly believe "s ( ^! to h be5 grant$ to u 9 ,africa4' ,"o o!r extract ( a simil> k9d3 we quote f a lett] to ! ,committee ( ! ,ed9burgh ,gaelic ,s*ool ,society1 ,f\r? ,annual ,report3-- ',! regim5t 7#ic;d7 arriv$ 9 ,engl&1 :5 !y imm$iately receiv$ ord]s to proce$ to ,nor? ,am]ica2 b be=e !y re-emb>k$1 ! sum collect$ = y\r ,society 0 made up1 & has be5 remitt$ to y\r treasur]1 am\nt+ to sev5ty-eight p\nds /]l+4' ,we dwell ) pleasure on ?is picture2 & %all pres5t ! read]1 9 our next *apt]1 ) a picture ( simil> "*1 tak5 f obs]vation1 ( ! homes 9 :i* ^! soldi]s 7 re>$4 ,! rev]se is all too /]n1 b we mu/ exhibit x also1 & %[ h[ ! influ5ce :i* ! old ,e>ls ( ,su!rl& employ$ s well1 has be5 ex]t$ by _! desc5dants to ! ru9 ( _! c\ntry4 ,b we mu/ fir/ give "o o!r extract f ,g5]al ,/ew>t4 ,x indicates ! track 9 :i* ! ru9 came4 ',m5 l ^!1' he says1 ref]r+ to ! ,su!rl& ,highl&]s1 'd cr$it to ! peasantry ( ! c\ntry4 ,if ?is conclusion is well f\nd$1 ! removal ( s _m ( ! p f _! anci5t seats1 :]e !y acquir$ ^? habits & pr9ciples1 mu/ be consid]$ a public loss ( no common magnitude4 ,x mu/ appe> /range1 & some:at inconsi/5t1 :5 ! same p]sons :o are l\d 9 _! pr(essions ( an eag] desire to promote & pres]ve ! religi\s & moral virtues ( ! p1 %\ld s frequ5tly take ! lead 9 approv+ ( measures :i*1 by remov+ !m f :]e !y imbib$ pr9ciples :i* h attract$ ! notice ( ,europe1 & plac$ !m 9 situations :]e pov]ty1 & ! too frequ5t att5dants1 vice & crime1 w lay ! f\ndation ( a "* :i* w be a disgrace1 z t already obta9$ has be5 an hon\r1 to ?is c\ntry4 ,9 ! new /ations :]e s _m ,highl&]s are n[ plac$1 & cr[d$ 9 su* numb]s z to pres]ve ! num]ical population1 :ile :ole di/ricts are left )\t inhabitants1 h[ c !y resume _! anci5t "* & pr9ciples1 :i*1 accord+ to ! reports ( ^? employ$ by ! proprietors1 h be5 s deplorably brok5 d[n & det]iorat$--a det]ioration :i* 0 entirely unkn[n till ! rec5t *ange 9 ! condition ( ! p1 & ! introduction ( t sy/em ( plac+ families on pat*es ( potato gr\nd1 z 9 ,irel&--a sy/em pregnant ) degradation1 pov]ty1 & disaffection1 & exhibit+ daily a prom95t & deplorable example1 :i* might h =ew>n$ ,highl& proprietors1 & prev5t$ !m f r$uc+ _! p to a simil> /ate8 ,x is only :5 p>5ts & heads ( families 9 ! ,highl&s are moral1 happy1 & cont5t$1 t !y c in/il s\nd pr9ciples into _! *ildr51 :o1 9 _! int]c\rse ) ! _w1 may once m become :at ! m5 ( ,su!rl& h already be51 an hon\rable example1 wor?y ! imitation ( all4' ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,we h exhibit$ ! ,su!rl& ,highl&]s to ! read] z !y exhibit$ !mselves to _! c\ntry1 :51 z ,*ri/ian soldi]s1--m51 l ! old *ivalr\s knight1 ')\t fe> or reproa*1'--!y f\ght its battles & reflect$ hon\r on its "n4 ,int]e/ mu/ atta* to ! mann] 9 :i* m5 ( s high a moral tone 7 re>$2 & a sket* drawn f p]sonal obs]vation ( ! int]ior ( ,su!rl& eight-&-tw5ty ye>s ago1 may be f\nd to ?r[ v direct light on ! subject4 ,to "k :at ! di/rict once 01 & :at x is n[1 is to "k ) peculi> emphasis ! mean+ ( ! sacr$ text1 ',"o s9n] de/roye? mu* good4' ,! eye ( a ,triptolemus ,yell[lee w\ld h f\nd exce$+ly little to gratify x 9 ! p>i% ( ,lairg ?irty ye>s ago4 ,! p>i% _h its b>e hills1 its wide1 d>k moors1 its old dodd]$ woods ( bir* & hazel1 its ext5sive lake1 its headlong riv]1 & its ro>+ cat>act4 ,nature _h imp>t$ to x mu* ( a wild & savage beauty2 b art _h done no?+ = x4 ,to rev]se ! well-kn[n anti!sis 9 :i* ,goldsmi? sums up 8 description ( ,italy1--! only gr[? t _h n dw9dl$ 9 x 0 man4 ,! cottage 9 :i* we resid$ ) an ag$ relative & 8 two /alw>t sons1 might be reg>d$ z an av]age specim5 ( ! human dwell+s ( ! di/rict4 ,x 0 a l[ long build+ ( turf1 consi/+ ( f\r ap>tm5ts on ! gr\nd floor1--! "o /uck on to ! end ( ! o!r1 & ?read$ toge!r by a passage t connect$ ! :ole4 ,f ! ne>e/ hill ! cottage rem9d$ "o ( a huge black snail crawl+ up ! slope4 ,! l>ge/ ( ! f\r ap>tm5ts 0 occupi$ by ! ma/]'s six milk c[s2 ! next 9 size 0 ! ha'1 or sitt+-room1--a rude b n uncom=table ap>tm5t1 ) ! fire on a l>ge flat /one 9 ! middle ( ! floor4 ,! ap>tm5t adjo9+ 0 dec5tly p>tition$ into sleep+ places2 :ile ! f\r? & la/ 9 ! range--m neatly fitt$ up ?an any ( ! o!rs1 ) furniture ! workman%ip ( a br$ c>p5t]1 a small bookcase conta9+ f =ty to fifty volumes1 & a box-b$ ( deal--0 kn[n z ! /rang]'s room4 ,!re 0 a /raggl+ gr\p ( build+s outside1 9 ! same humble /yle1--a /able1 a b>n1 a hay-b>n1 a %eep-p5 ) a %$ atta*$1 & a milk-h\se2 & /ret*+ ar\nd ! :ole lay ! f>m1--a /raggl+ pat* ( corn l& ( f twelve to fifte5 acres 9 ext5t1 t1 f its extremely irregul> outl9e1 & ! ecc5tric =ms ( ! p>ti-col\r$ divisions into :i* x 0 p>cell$1 rem9d$ "o ( a col\r$ map4 ,encircl+ all 0 a wide sea ( hea? /udd$ ) huge /ones--! pa/urage l& ( ! f>m] = 8 %eep & cattle--:i* swept away on e h& to o!r isl&s ( corn & o!r gr\ps ( cottages1 id5tical 9 appe>ance ) ! corn l& & ! cottages describ$4 ,we rememb] t1 com+ f a seaport t[n1 :]e1 to give to prop]ty ! av]age security1 ! usual means _h to be resort$ to1 we 7 fir/ /ruck by f9d+ t ! door ( our relative's cottage1 9 ?is inl& p>i%1 0 furni%$ ) nei!r lock nor b>4 ,l t ( ! h]mit 9 ! ballad1 x op5$ ) a lat*2 b1 unlike t ( ! h]mit1 x 0 n because !re 7 no /ores "u ! humble ro( to dem& ! c>e ( ! ma/]4 ,x 0 because t1 at ?is comp>atively rec5t p]iod1 ! crime ( !ft 0 unkn[n 9 ! di/rict4 ,! philosophic ,biot1 :5 occupi$ 9 measur+ ! "t ( ! seconds p5dulum1 resid$ = sev]al mon?s 9 "o ( ! small] ,%etl& isl&s2 &1 fre% f ! tr\bles ( ,france1--8 imag9ation be>+ ab\t1 if we may s speak1 ! /a9s ( ! guillot9e1--! /ate ( tru/ful security 9 :i* he f\nd ! simple inhabitants fill$ him ) a/oni%m5t4 ',"h1' he exclaim$1 'dur+ ! tw5ty-five ye>s 9 :i* ,europe has be5 dev\r+ h]self1 ! door ( ! h\se ,i inhabit has rema9$ op5 day & night4' ,! :ole int]ior ( ,su!rl& 01 at ! "t ( :i* we write1 9 a simil> condition4 ,x did n surprise u t ! old man1 a p]son ( deep piety1 regul>ly assembl$ 8 h\sehold night & morn+ = ! purpose ( family wor%ip1 & l$ 9 _! devotions3 we _h se5 _m su* in/ances 9 ! l[ c\ntry4 ,b x did some:at surprise u to f9d ! practice univ]sal 9 ! p>i%4 ,9 e family _h ! wor%ip ( ,god be5 set up4 ,"o c\ld n pass an inhabit$ cottage 9 ! ev5+1 f :i* ! voice ( psalms 0 n to be he>d4 ,on ,sabba? morn+1 ! :ole population might be se5 w5d+ _! way1 attir$ 9 _! be/1 along ! bl9d half-gre5 pa?s 9 ! hea?1 to ! p>i% *ur*4 ,! m9i/] 0 greatly belov$1 & all att5d$ 8 m9i/rations4 ,we /ill rememb] ! int5se joy :i* 8 visits us$ to imp>t to ! h\sehold ( our relative4 ,?is wor?y cl]gyman /ill lives1 ?\gh ! infirmities ( a /age ( life v advanc$ h ga!r$ r\nd him2 & at ! late disruption1 *oos+ 8 side1 & little he$+1 :5 duty call$1 t 8 /r5g? _h be5 wa/$ 9 ! lab\r ( =ty ye>s1 & t he c\ld n[ d little m ?an te/ify & suff] 9 behalf ( 8 pr9ciples1 he resign$ 8 hold ( ! temporalities z m9i/] ( ,dorno*1 & ca/ 9 8 lot ) 8 bre?r5 ( ! ,free ,*ur*4 ,& 8 v5]able successor 9 ,lairg1 a man equally belov$ & exempl>y1 & n[ on ! v]ge ( 8 eightie? ye>1 has act$ a simil> "p4 ,_h su* sacrifices be5 made 9 su* circum/ances = o!r ?an ! cause ( ,*ri/--_h !y be5 made "u "s su* romantic delusion z misl$ ( old ! foll[]s ( ! ,/u>ts--! _w w\ld h appreciat$ !m highly2 b !re is an elem5t 9 evangelism :i* repels admiration1 unless x be an admiration gr\nd$ 9 fai? & love2 & ! appeal 9 su* cases mu/ lie1 !re=e1 n to ! ju/ice ( ! _w1 b to ! judgm5t-seat ( ,god4 ,we may rem9d ! read]1 9 pass+1 t x 0 ! v5]able m9i/] ( ,lairg :o1 on quitt+ 8 manse on ! ,disruption1 0 receiv$ by 8 wid[$ daught] into a cottage held ( ! ,duke ( ,su!rl&1 & t = ?is grave crime--! crime ( %elt]+ h] ag$ fa!r--! daught] 0 ?reat5$ ) ejection by "o ( ! ,duke's creatures4 ,is x n some:at necess>y t ! brea? ( public op9ion %\ld be let 9 on ?is remote c\ntry8 ,b we digress4 ,a peculi> /illness seem$ to re/ ov] ?is ,highl& p>i% on ! ,sabba?4 ,! family devotions ( ! morn+1 ! j\rney to & f *ur*1 & ! public s]vices !re1 occupi$ fully two-?irds ( ! day4 ,b !re rema9$ ! ev5+1 & ( x ! e>li] "p 0 sp5t 9 :at are kn[n 9 ! nor? c\ntry z fell[%ip meet+s4 ,"o ( ^! 0 held regul>ly 9 ! 'ha'' ( our relative4 ,f fifte5 to tw5ty p1 inclusive ( ! family1 met = ! purposes ( social pray] & religi\s conv]sation1 & ! "t pass$ pr(itably away1 till ! clos+ night summon$ ! memb]s ( ! meet+ to _! respective homes & _! family duties4 ,we m>k$ an int]e/+ peculi>ity 9 ! devotions ( our relative4 ,he 01 z we h said1 an old man1 & _h wor%ipp$ 9 8 family long ere ,dr4 ,/ew>t's ,gaelic translation ( ! ,scriptures _h be5 introduc$ into ! c\nty2 & z he 0 suppli$ 9 ^? days ) only ! ,engli% ,bible1 :ile 8 dome/ics und]/ood only ,gaelic1 he _h to acquire ! art1 n uncommon 9 ,su!rl& at ! "t1 ( translat+ ! ,engli% *apt] = !m1 z he read1 into _! native tongue2 & ?is he _h le>n$ to d ) su* ready flu5cy1 t no "o c\ld h guess$ x to be o!r ?an a ,gaelic "w f :i* he 0 read+4 ,x might h be5 suppos$1 h[ev]1 t ! introduction ( ,dr4 ,/ew>t's edition w\ld h r5d]$ ?is mode ( translation obsolete2 b 9 ?is & _m o!r families su* 0 n ! case4 ,! old man's ,gaelic 0 ,su!rl&%ire ,gaelic4 ,8 family und]/ood x bett]1 9 consequ5ce1 ?an any o!r2 & s he cont9u$ to translate f 8 ,engli% ,bible1 ad ap]turam libri1 _m ye>s aft] ! ,gaelic edition _h be5 spread ov] ! c\nty4 ,! fact t su* a practice %\ld h be5 common 9 ,su!rl&1 says some?+ surely = ! intellig5ce ( ! family patri>*s ( ! di/rict4 ,t ?\s&s ( ! p :o knew ! ,scriptures ?r\gh no o!r m$ium1 %\ld h be5 intimately acqua9t$ ) ! sav+ doctr9es & witnesses ( _! p[] 7& !re c be no "q t su* 0 ! case71 is pro( en\gh1 at lea/1 t x 0 a practice c>ri$ on ) a due p]ception ( ! scope & mean+ ( ! sacr$ volume4 ,"o is too apt to associate intellig5ce ) ! ext]nal improvem5ts ( a c\ntry--) well-enclos$ fields & :itewa%$ cottages2 b ! association is altoge!r a false "o4 ,z %[n by ! te/imony ( ,g5]al ,/ew>t ( ,g>?1 ! ,su!rl& regim5t 0 n only ! mo/ em95tly moral1 b1 z _! ta/es & habits demon/rat$1 "o ( ! mo/ decid$ly intellectual "u ! ,briti% ,cr[n4 ,our relative's cottage _h1 z we h said1 its bookcase1 & bo? 8 sons 7 v intellig5t m52 b intellig5ce d]iv$ directly f books 0 n g5]al 9 ! c\nty2 a v consid]able portion ( ! p und]/ood no o!r language ?an ,gaelic1 & _m ( !m c\ld n ev5 read2 = at ?is p]iod ab\t "o-t5? ( ! families ( ,su!rl& 7 di/ant five or m miles f ! ne>e/ s*ool4 ,_! *>act]i/ic intellig5ce 0 ( a k9d o!rwise d]iv$3 x 0 an intellig5ce drawn f ^! dome/ic read+s ( ! ,scriptures & f ! pulpit2 & is ref]r$ ma9ly to t pr(\nd sci5ce :i* ev5 a ,newton c\ld recognise z m important & wond]ful ?an any ( ! o!rs1 b :i* _m ( ! %all[] intellects ( our own times deem no sci5ce at all4 ,x 0 an intellig5ce out ( :i* _! morality sprung2 x 0 an intellig5ce f\nd$ 9 e>ne/ belief4 ,b :at1 asks ! read]1 0 ! economic condition--! condition ) reg>d to circum/ances & means ( liv+--( ^! ,su!rl& ,highl&]s8 ,h[ did !y f>e8 ,! "q has be5 v>i\sly answ]$3 mu* mu/ dep5d on ! class select$ f among !m z specim5s ( ! :ole1--mu*1 too1 tak+ = grant$ ! hone/y ( ! p>ty :o replies1 on 8 own condition 9 life1 & 8 acqua9tance ) ! circum/ances ( ! poor] p ( ,scotl& g5]ally4 ,! c\nty _h its less g5ial localities1 9 :i*1 = a mon? or two 9 ! summ] season1 :5 ! /ock ( gra9 f ! previ\s ye> 0 fa/ runn+ out1 & ! crops on ! gr\nd n yet rip5$ = use1 ! p exp]i5c$ a consid]able degree ( sc>city1--su* sc>city z a me*anic 9 ! s\? feels :5 he has be5 a =tnight out ( employm5t4 ,b ! ,highl&] _h res\rces 9 ^! seasons :i* ! me*anic has n4 ,he _h 8 cattle & 8 wild pot-h]bs1 su* z ! mugwort & ! nettle4 ,x has be5 adduc$ by ! advocates ( ! *ange :i* has ru9$ ,su!rl&1 z a pro( ( ! extreme h>d%ip ( ! ,highl&]'s condition1 t at su* times he c\ld h eat5 z food a bro? made ( nettles1 mix$ up ) a little oatmeal1 or h _h rec\rse to ! exp$i5t ( ble$+ 8 cattle1 & mak+ ! blood into a sort ( pudd+4 ,& x is q true t ! ,su!rl&%ire ,highl&] 0 9 ! habit1 at su* times1 ( hav+ rec\rse to su* food4 ,x is n less true1 h[ev]1 t ! /atem5t is j z little conclusive reg>d+ 8 condition1 z if x 7 alleg$ !re mu/ always be fam9e 9 ,france :5 ! p eat ! h9d legs ( frogs1 or 9 ,italy :5 !y make di%es ( snails4 ,we nev] saw sc>city 9 ! h\se ( our relative1 b we h se5 ! nettle bro? 9 x v frequ5tly1 & ! blood-pudd+ (t5] ?an once2 = bo? di%es 7 especial fav\rites ) ! ,highl&]s4 ,) reg>d to ! g5]al com=t ( ! p 9 _! old condition1 !re are bett] te/s ?an c be drawn f ! k9d ( food !y occasionally ate4 ,! c\ntry he>s (t5 ( de>? 9 ,su!rl& n[3 e ye> 9 :i* ! crop falls a little bel[ av]age 9 o!r di/ricts1 is a ye> ( fam9e !re2 b ! c\ntry nev] he>d ( de>? 9 ,su!rl& !n4 ,!re 7 v few among ! hold]s ( its small inl& f>ms :o _h n sav$ a little money4 ,_! circum/ances 7 su*1 t _! moral nature f\nd full room to develope itself1 & 9 a way ! _w has r>ely witness$4 ,nev] 7 !re a happi] or m cont5t$ p1 or a p m /rongly atta*$ to ! soil2 & n "o ( !m n[ lives 9 ! alt]$ circum/ances on :i* !y 7 s rudely precipitat$ by ! l&lord1 :o does n look back on ?is p]iod ( com=t & enjoym5t ) sad & hopeless regret4 ,we h nev] he>d ! sy/em :i* has depopulat$ ?is portion ( ! c\ntry def5d$1 )\t recurr+ to our two sev]al visits to ! turf cottage 9 ,lairg1 or )\t feel+ t ! def5ce embodi$ an ess5tial falsehood1 :i* "t w n fail to r5d] evid5t to ! appreh5sions ( all4 ,we w\ld b fatigue our read]s 7 we to run ov] half our recollections ( ! int]ior ( ,su!rl&4 ,!y are n all ( a s]i\s ca/4 ,we h sat 9 ! long autumn ev5+s 9 ! *e]ful circle r\nd ! turf-fire ( ! ha'1 & h he>d _m a tradition ( old clan feuds pleas+ly told1 & _m a song ( ! poet ( ! c\nty1 ,old ,rob ,donn1 gaily sung4 ,9 our imm$iate neighb\rhood1 by ! side ( a small /ream--small1 b n )\t its supply ( br[n tr\t1 speckl$ ) crimson--!re 0 a spot ( gre5 mead[ l&1 on :i* ! "y m5 ( ! neighb\rhood us$ n unfrequ5tly to meet & try _! vig\r 9 ?r[+ ! /one4 ,! /one itself _h its hi/ory4 ,x 0 a ball ( gneiss1 r\nd z a bullet1 t _h once surm\nt$ ! gable ( a small ,popi% *apel1 ( :i* !re n[ rema9$ only a %apeless heap ( /ones1 t sc>ce ov]topp$ ! long grass amid :i* x lay4 ,a few undress$ flags indicat$ an anci5t bury+-gr\nd2 & ov] ! ru9$ heap1 & ! rude tomb/ones t told no /ory1 an anci5t "t-hall[$ tree1 coeval ) ! p]i%$ build+1 /ret*$ out its giant arms4 ,ev5 ! /]n] occupations ( ! f>m _h 9 _! v v>iety a /rong smack ( enjoym5t4 ,we f\nd "o ( ! old man's sons engag$1 dur+ our "o visit1 9 build+ an ou?\se1 aft] ! primitive fa%ion ( ! ,highl&s1 & dur+ our o!r visit1 9 con/ruct+ a pl\gh4 ,! two ma9 cupples ( ! build+ he made ( huge trees1 dug out ( a neighb\r+ morass2 !y resembl$ some:at ! beams ( a l>ge sloop rev]s$4 ,! /ones he c>ri$ f ! outfield hea? on a sl$ge2 ! int]/ices 9 ! walls he caulk$ ) moss2 ! ro( he cov]$ ) sods4 ,! entire erection 0 8 workman%ip1 f f\ndation to ridge4 ,& su*1 9 brief1 0 ! hi/ory ( all ^? cottages 9 ! int]ior ( ,su!rl&1 :i* ! poor ,highl&]s s naturally deem$ _! own1 b f :i*1 :5 set on fire & burnt to ! gr\nd by ! creatures ( ! proprietor1 !y 7 glad to escape ) _! lives4 ,! pl\gh1 ) ! exception ( ! iron "w1 0 altoge!r our relative's workman%ip too4 ,& su* 0 ! hi/ory ( ! rude implem5ts ( rural or dome/ic lab\r :i* 7 consum$ 9 ! burn+ dwell+s4 ,b we anticipate4 ,!re is little ( gaiety or enjoym5t among ! ,highl&]s ( ,su!rl& n[4 ,we sp5t a consid]able "t = two sev]al ye>s among _! ?ickly-clu/]$ cottages on ! ea/]n coa/1 & saw h[ !y live1 & h[ x happ5s t :5 ye>s ( comp>ative sc>city come on !y />ve4 ,mo/ ( !m sav$1 :5 9 ! int]ior1 z we h said1 a little money2 b ! process has be5 rev]s$ "h3 9 e in/ance 9 :i* !y br\ght _! sav+s to ! coa/-side has ! fund be5 dissipat$4 ,ea* cottage has f half an acre to an acre & half ( corn l& atta*$ to x--j su* pat*es z ! ,iri% />ve ^u4 ,9 "s places1 by d9t ( sore lab\r1 ! soil has be5 consid]ably improv$2 & all t seems necess>y to r5d] x wor? ! c>e ( a family1 w\ld be j to increase its area "s t5 or twelve times4 ,9 o!r cases1 h[ev]1 increase w\ld be no advantage4 ,we f9d x compos$ ( a loose debris ( granitic wat]-roll$ pebbles & f]rug9\s s&1 t seem$ de/9$ to p]petual b>r5ness4 ,! r5ts1 9 e in/ance1 seem mod]ate2 ! money ( ! t5ant fl[s t[>ds ! l&lord 9 a /ream ( n half ! volume ( t 9 :i* ! money ( ! l&lord mu/ fl[ t[>ds ! t5ant :5 ! poor-laws %all be ext5d$ to ,scotl&4 ,b no r5t1 9 su* circum/ances1 c be really mod]ate4 ,a cl]gyman1 :5 ask$ to say h[ _m ( 8 p>i%ion]s1 9 "o ( ^! coa/ di/ricts1 realiz$ less ?an sixp5ce a-day1 repli$1 t x w\ld be a mu* easi] matt] = him to po9t out h[ _m ( !m realiz$ m ?an sixp5ce1 z ?is m =tunate class 7 exce$+ly few4 ,& surely no r5t c be mod]ate t is paid by a man :o realizes less ?an sixp5ce a-day4 ,x is ! peculi> evil produc$ by ! *ange 9 ,su!rl&1 t x has consign$ ! population ( ! c\ntry to a condition 9 :i* no r5t c be mod]ate--to a condition 9 :i* !y b b>ely avoid fam9e1 :5 matt]s are at ! be/ ) !m1 & fall into x 9 e in/ance 9 :i* ! h]r+ fi%+1 _! ma9 & mo/ prec>i\s /ay1 p>tially fails1 or _! crops are j a little m ?an usually scanty4 ,!y are 9 su* a /ate1 t _! v means ( liv+ are s\rces1 n ( com=t1 b ( di/ress to !m4 ,:5 ! fi%+ & _! crops are comp>atively abundant1 !y live on ! bleak edge ( want2 :ile failure 9 ei!r plunges !m into a /ate ( int5se suff]+4 ,& well are ^! ,highl&]s aw>e ( ! true "* ( ! revolution to :i* !y h be5 subject$4 ,our ,poor-,law ,commission]s may f9d1 9 ?is l& ( gr[+ paup]ism1 ?\s&s z poor z ! p ( ,su!rl&2 b !y w f9d no class ( ! population :o c s directly contra/ _! pres5t de/itution ) a /ate ( comp>ative pl5ty & enjoym5t1 or :o1 9 consequ5ce ( possess+ ?is sad ability1 are s deeply imbu$ ) a too well-gr\nd$ & natural discont5t4 ,b we h n yet said h[ ?is ru9\s revolution 0 effect$ 9 ,su!rl&1--h[ ! aggravations ( ! mode1 if we may s speak1 /ill fe/] 9 ! recollections ( ! p1--or h[ ?or\ghly t policy ( ! "l ( ! soil1 ?r\gh :i* he n[ seems det]m9$ to complete ! "w ( ru9 :i* 8 pr$ecessor began1 h>monizes ) its wor/ details4 ,we mu/ fir/ relate1 h[ev]1 a disa/r\s *ange :i* took place1 9 ! provid5ce ( ,god1 9 ! noble family ( ,su!rl&1 & :i*1 ?\gh x dates fully eighty ye>s back1 may be reg>d$ z pregnant ) ! disa/]s :i* aft]w>ds befell ! c\ntry4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,su* ( our read]s z are acqua9t$ ) ! memoir ( ,lady ,gl5or*y1 mu/ rememb] a deeply melan*oly incid5t :i* occurr$ 9 ! hi/ory ( ?is excell5t woman1 9 connection ) ! noble family ( ,su!rl&4 ,h] only si/] _h be5 m>ri$ to ,william1 sev5te5? ,e>l ( ,su!rl&1--'! la/ ( ! good ,e>ls2' 'a nobleman1' says ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,jones1 9 8 ,memoir1 ':o to ! f9e/ p]son unit$ all ! dignity & am5ity ( mann]s & "* :i* give lu/re to greatness4' ,b 8 sun 0 de/9$ soon to g d[n4 ,five ye>s aft] 8 m>riage1 :i* prov$ "o ( ! happie/1 & 0 bless$ ) two *ildr51 ! eld] ( ! two1 ! "y ,lady ,ca!r9e1 a s+ul>ly engag+ *ild1 0 tak5 f him by dea?1 9 8 old h]$it>y ca/le ( ,dunrob94 ,! ev5t deeply affect$ bo? p>5ts1 & prey$ on _! heal? & spirits4 ,x _h tak5 place amid ! gloom ( a sev]e nor!rn w9t]1 & 9 ! solitude ( ! ,highl&s2 &1 acquiesc+ 9 ! advice ( fri5ds1 ! ,e>l & 8 lady quitt$ ! family seat1 :]e !re 0 s mu* to rem9d !m ( _! b]eavem5t1 & s\ght relief 9 ! m *e]ful atmosph]e ( ,ba?4 ,b !y 7 n to f9d x !re4 ,%ortly aft] _! arrival1 ! ,e>l 0 seiz$ by a malignant fev]1 ) :i*1 upheld by a p[]ful con/itution1 he /ruggl$ = fifty-f\r days1 & !n expir$4 ',= ! fir/ tw5ty-"o days & nights ( ^!1' says ,dr4 ,jones1 ',lady ,su!rl& nev] left 8 b$side2 & !n at la/1 ov]come ) fatigue1 anxiety1 & grief1 %e sank an unavail+ victim to an amiable b excessive atta*m5t1 sev5te5 days be=e ! dea? ( h] "l4' ,! p]iod1 ?\gh n v remote1 0 "o 9 :i* ! intellig5ce ( ev5ts travell$ sl[ly2 & 9 ?is in/ance ! di/raction ( ! family mu/ h s]v$ to ret>d x beyond ! ord9>y "t4 ,h] ,lady%ip's "m1 :5 ha/5+ f ,ed9burgh to h] assi/ance1 alight$ "o day f h] c>riage at an inn1 &1 on see+ two he>ses /&+ by ! wayside1 inquir$ ( an att5dant ^: rema9s !y conta9$8 ,! rema9s1 0 ! reply1 ( ,"l & ,lady ,su!rl&1 on _! way = int]m5t to ! ,royal ,*apel ( ,holyrood ,h\se4 ,& su* 0 ! fir/ intimation :i* ! lady receiv$ ( ! dea? ( h] daught] & son-9-law4 ,! ev5t 0 pregnant ) disa/] to ,su!rl&1 ?\gh _m ye>s elaps$ ere ! ru9 :i* x involv$ fell on t hapless c\nty4 ,! sole survivor & heir ( ! family 0 a female infant ( b a ye> old4 ,h] mat]nal gr&mo!r1 an ambiti\s1 intrigu+ woman ( ! _w1 _h ! *ief %>e 9 h] g5]al tra9+ & education2 & %e 0 br\ght up 9 ! s\? ( ,scotl&1 ( :i* h] gr&mo!r 0 a native1 f> remov$ f ! influ5ce ( ^? g5ial sympa?ies ) ! p ( h] clan1 = :i* ! old lords ( ,su!rl& _h be5 s rem>kable1 &1 :at 0 a sor] evil /ill1 f ! influ5ce ( ! vitalities ( t religion :i*1 = five g5]ations toge!r1 h] fa!rs _h illu/rat$ & adorn$4 ,! special mode 9 :i* ! disa/] told fir/1 0 ?r\gh ! patronages ( ! c\nty1 ! l>g] "p ( :i* are ve/$ 9 ! family ( ,su!rl&4 ,"s ( ! old ,e>ls _h be5 cont5t1 z we h se51 to place !mselves on ! level ( ! ,*ri/ian m5 ( _! p>i%es1 & ?us to unite ) !m 9 call+ to _! *ur*es ! ,*ri/ian m9i/]s ( _! *oice4 ,!y knew1--:at reg5]ate natures c alone "k ) ! prop] emphasis1--t 9 ,*ri/ ,jesus ! vassal ranks ) 8 "l1 & !y consci5ti\sly act$ on ! conviction4 ,b matt]s 7 n[ regulat$ diff]5tly4 ,! pres5tation supplant$ ! call1 & m9i/]s came to be plac$ 9 ! p>i%es ( ,su!rl& )\t ! cons5t & contr>y to ! w ( ! p4 ,*ur*es1 well fill$ hi!rto1 7 des]t$ by _! congregations1 j because a respectable woman ( ! _w1 mak+ free use ( :at %e deem$ h] own1 _h plant$ !m ) m5 ( ! _w :o 7 only tol]ably respectable2 & 9 h\ses & b>ns ! dev\t m5 ( ! di/rict le>n$ to hold num]\sly-att5d$ ,sabba? meet+s = read+ ! ,scriptures1 & mutual exhortation & pray]1 z a sort ( sub/itute = ! public s]vices1 9 :i* !y f\nd !y c\ld no long] jo9 ) pr(it4 ,! _s awak5$ by ! old ,e>ls _h surviv$ !mselves1 & ran directly c\nt] to ! policy ( _! desc5dant4 ,/rongly atta*$ to ! ,e/abli%m5t1 ! p1 ?\gh !y ?us =sook _! old places ( wor%ip1 /ill rema9$ memb]s ( ! national ,*ur*1 & travell$ f> 9 ! summ] season to att5d ! bett] m9i/]s ( _! own & ! neighb\r+ c\nties4 ,we h be5 assur$1 too1 f m5 ^: judgm5t we respect1 t1 "u all _! disadvantages1 religion cont9u$ peculi>ly to fl\ri% among !m2--a deep-ton$ evangelism prevail$2 s t p]haps ! visible ,*ur* ?r\gh\t ! _w at ! "t c\ld furni% no m /rik+ contra/ ?an t :i* obta9$ betwe5 ! cold1 bald1 commonplace s]vices ( ! pulpit 9 "s ( ^! p>i%es1 & ! f]vid pray]s & exhortations :i* give life & int]e/ to ^! humble meet+s ( ! p4 ,:at a pity x is t diff]5ces su* z ^! ! ,duke ( ,su!rl& _c see6 ,! m>riage ( ! "y c\ntess into a noble ,engli% family 0 fraught ) fur!r disa/] to ! c\nty4 ,!re are _m ,engli%m5 q intellig5t en\gh to p]ceive ! diff]5ce betwe5 a smoky cottage ( turf & a :itewa%$ cottage ( /one1 ^: judgm5t on _! respective inhabitants w\ld be ( b little value4 ,su!rl&1 z a c\ntry ( m51 /ood high] at ?is p]iod ?an p]haps any o!r di/rict 9 ! ,briti% empire2 b1 z our descriptions 9 ! prec$+ *apt] mu/ h %[n1--& we indulg$ 9 !m ma9ly ) a view to ?is "p ( our subject1--x by no means /ood high z a c\ntry ( f>ms & cottages4 ,! m>riage ( ! ,c\ntess br\ght a new set ( eyes ^u x1--eyes accu/om$ to q a diff]5t face ( ?+s4 ,x seem$ a wild1 rude c\ntry1 :]e all 0 wrong1 & all _h to be set "r1--a sort ( ,russia on a small scale1 t _h j got ano!r ,pet] ! ,great to civilise x1--or a sort ( b>b>\s ,egypt1 ) an en]getic ,ali ,pa%a at its head4 ,ev5 ! va/ weal? & great lib]ality ( ! ,/af=d family militat$ aga9/ ?is hapless c\nty3 x enabl$ !m to treat x z ! m]e subject ( an int]e/+ exp]im5t1 9 :i* ga9 to !mselves 0 really no object1--ne>ly z little s z if !y _h resolv$ on dissect+ a dog alive = ! b5efit ( sci5ce4 ,x 0 a /ill fur!r disadvantage1 t !y _h to c>ry on _! exp]im5t by ! h&s1 & to wat* its fir/ effects ) ! eyes1 ( o!rs4 ,! agonies ( ! dog might h _h _! s(t5+ influ5ce on a dissector :o held ! knife himself2 b !re c\ld be no su* influ5ce ex]t$ ov] him1 did he m]ely issue ord]s to 8 footman t ! dissection %\ld be complet$1 rema9+ himself1 mean:ile1 out ( sight & out ( he>+4 ,! plan ( improvem5t sket*$ out by 8 ,engli% family 0 a plan exce$+ly easy ( conception4 ,"h is a va/ tract ( l&1 furni%$ ) two di/9ct s\rces ( weal?4 ,its %ores may be made ! seats ( ext5sive fi%]ies1 & ! :ole ( its int]ior p>cell$ out into productive %eep-f>ms4 ,all is wa/e 9 its pres5t /ate3 x has no fi%]ies1 & two-?irds ( its int]nal produce is consum$ by ! inhabitants4 ,x _h contribut$1 = ! use ( ! community & ! l&lord1 its l>ge h]ds ( black cattle2 b ! ,engli% family saw1 &1 we believe1 saw truly1 t = e "o p\nd ( beef :i* x produc$1 x c\ld be made to produce two p\nds ( mutton1 & p]haps a p\nd ( fi% 9 addition4 ,& x 0 resolv$1 !re=e1 t ! inhabitants ( ! c5tral di/ricts1 :o1 z !y 7 m]e ,celts1 c\ld n be trans=m$1 x 0 held1 into /ore-f>m]s1 %\ld be m>*$ d[n to ! sea-side1 !re to conv]t !mselves into fi%]m51 on ! %orte/ possible notice1 & t a few f>m]s ( capital1 ( ! indu/ri\s ,l[l& race1 %\ld be invit$ to occupy ! new subdivisions ( ! int]ior4 ,&1 pray1 :at objections c be urg$ aga9/ s lib]al & l>ge-m9d$ a s*eme8 ,! poor inhabitants ( ! int]ior _h v s]i\s objections to urge aga9/ x4 ,_! humble dwell+s 7 ( _! own re>+2 x 0 !y !mselves :o _h brok5 9 _! little fields f ! wa/e2 f "t immemorial1 f> beyond ! rea* ( hi/ory1 _h !y possess$ _! m\nta9 hold+s1--!y _h def5d$ !m s well ( old t ! soil 0 /ill virg9 gr\nd1 9 :i* ! invad] _h f\nd only a grave2 & _! "y m5 7 n[ 9 =eign l&s1 fight+1 at ! comm& ( _! *iefta9ess1 ! battles ( _! c\ntry1 n 9 ! "* ( hir$ soldi]s1 b ( m5 :o reg>d$ ^! v hold+s z _! /ake 9 ! qu>rel4 ,to !m1 !n1 ! s*eme seem$ fraught ) ! mo/ flagrant1 ! mo/ mon/r\s inju/ice4 ,7 x to be sugge/$ by "s ,*>ti/ conv5tion 9 a "t ( revolution1 t ,su!rl& might be /ill fur!r improv$--t x 0 really a piece ( great wa/e to suff] ! rev5ues ( s ext5sive a di/rict to be squ&]$ by "o individual--t x w\ld be bett] to appropriate !m to ! use ( ! community 9 g5]al--t ! community 9 g5]al might be /ill fur!r b5efit$ by ! removal ( ! "o said individual f ,dunrob9 to a road-side1 :]e he might be pr(itably employ$ 9 break+ /ones--& t ?is new arrangem5t c\ld n be ent]$ on too soon--! noble ,duke w\ld n be a :it m a/oni%$1 or r5d]$ a :it m indignant1 by ! s*eme1 ?an 7 ! ,highl&]s ( ,su!rl& by ! s*eme ( 8 pr$ecessor4 ,! read] mu/ keep 9 view1 !re=e1 t if atrocities unexampl$ 9 ,brita9 = at lea/ a c5tury 7 p]petrat$ 9 ! cle>+ ( ,su!rl&1 !re 0 a species ( at lea/ passive resi/ance on ! "p ( ! p 7= active resi/ance !re 0 none71 :i* 9 "s degree provok$ !m4 ,_h ! ,highl&]s1 on receiv+ ord]s1 m>*$ d[n to ! sea-coa/1 & become fi%]m51 ) ! read9ess ) :i* a regim5t deploys on review day1 ! atrocities w\ld1 we d\bt n1 h be5 mu* few]4 ,b ?\gh ! ord]s 7 v di/9ct1 ! ,highl&]s 7 v unwill+ to obey2 & ! sev]ities =m$ m]ely a "p ( ! means ?r\gh :i* ! necess>y ob$i5ce 0 ultimately secur$4 ,we %all in/ance a s+le case1 z illu/rative ( ! process4 ,9 ! mon? ( ,m>* #ahad1 a l>ge proportion ( ! ,highl&]s ( ,f>r & ,kildonan1 two p>i%es 9 ,su!rl&1 7 summon$ to quit _! f>ms 9 ! foll[+ ,may4 ,9 a few days aft]1 ! surr\nd+ hea?s on :i* !y pa/ur$ _! cattle1 & f :i* at t season ! sole supply ( h]bage is d]iv$ 7= 9 ^? nor!rn di/ricts ! grass spr+s late1 & ! cattle-fe$] 9 ! spr+ mon?s dep5ds *iefly on ! hea!r71 7 set on fire & burnt up4 ,!re 0 t sort ( policy 9 ! /roke :i* m5 deem all[able 9 a /ate ( w>4 ,! />v+ cattle w5t roam+ ov] ! burnt pa/ures1 & f\nd no?+ to eat4 ,_m ( !m p]i%$1 & ! great] "p ( :at rema9$1 ?\gh 9 mis]able condition1 ! ,highl&]s _h to sell p]=ce4 ,mo/ ( ! able-bodi$ m5 7 engag$ 9 ?is latt] bus9ess at a di/ance f home1 :5 ! dread$ t]m-day came on4 ,! pa/urage _h be5 de/roy$ be=e ! legal t]m1 & :ile1 9 ev5 ! eye ( ! law1 x 0 /ill ! prop]ty ( ! poor ,highl&]s2 b ere di/urb+ !m 9 _! dwell+s1 t]m-day 0 suff]$ to pass4 ,! "w ( demolition !n began4 ,a num]\s p>ty ( m51 ) a factor at _! head1 ent]$ ! di/rict1 & comm5c$ pull+ d[n ! h\ses ov] ! heads ( ! inhabitants4 ,9 an ext5sive tract ( c\ntry n a human dwell+ 0 left /&+1 & !n1 ! m effectually to prev5t _! tempor>y re-erection1 ! de/roy]s set fire to ! wreck4 ,9 "o day 7 ! p depriv$ ( home & %elt]1 & left expos$ to ! elem5ts4 ,_m dea?s are said to h ensu$ f al>m1 fatigue1 & cold4 ,pregnant wom5 7 tak5 ) premature lab\r 9 ! op5 air4 ,!re 7 old m5 :o took to ! woods & rocks 9 a /ate ( p>tial insanity4 ,an ag$ b$ridd5 man1 nam$ ,macbea?1 _h 8 h\se unro($ ov] 8 head1 & 0 left expos$ to w9d & ra9 till dea? put a p]iod to 8 suff]+s4 ,ano!r man ly+ ill ( a fev] met ) no t5d]] treatm5t1 b 9 8 case ! die turn$ up life4 ,a b$ridd5 woman1 ne>ly a hundr$ ye>s ( age1 _h h] h\se fir$ ov] h] head1 & ere %e c\ld be extricat$ f ! burn+ wreck1 ! %eets 9 :i* %e 0 c>ri$ 7 on fire4 ,%e surviv$ b = five days aft]4 ,9 a critique on ! "w ( ,sismondi1 :i* appe>$ a few mon?s s9ce 9 ! ,we/m9/] ,review1 ! writ] tells u1 'x has ev5 be5 said t an old man1 hav+ refus$ to quit 8 cab91 p]i%$ 9 ! flames4' ,b su* 0 n ! case4 ,! con/itut$ au?orities int]f]$2 a precognition 0 tak5 by ! ,%]iff-sub/itute ( ! c\nty1 & ! case tri$ be=e ! ,ju/ici>y ,c\rt at ,inv]ness2 b ! trial t]m9at$ 9 ! acquittal ( ! pannels4 ,!re 0 no puni%able crime prov5 to atta* to ! ag5ts ( ! proprietor4 ,_! acquittal 0 foll[$ by sc5es ( a simil> "* ) ! sc5e describ$1 & ( ev5 great] atrocity4 ,b we mu/ borr[ ! description ( "o ( ^! f ! hi/orian ( ! cle>+ ( ,su!rl&1--,donald ,m',leod1 a native ( ! c\nty1 & himself a suff]] 9 ! exp]im5tal process to :i* x 0 subject$3-- ',! "w ( deva/ation 0 begun by sett+ fire to ! h\ses ( ! small t5ants 9 ext5sive di/ricts--,f>r1 ,rog>t1 ,golspie1 & ! :ole p>i% ( ,kildonan4 ,i 0 an eye-witness ( ! sc5e4 ,! calamity came on ! p q unexpect$ly4 ,/rong p>ties = ea* di/rict1 furni%$ ) faggots & o!r combu/ibles1 ru%$ on ! dwell+s ( ! devot$ p1 & imm$iately comm5c$ sett+ fire to !m1 proce$+ 9 _! "w ) ! greate/ rapidity1 till ab\t ?ree hundr$ h\ses 7 9 flames4 ,little or no "t 0 giv5 = ! removal ( p]sons or prop]ty--! con/]nation & confusion 7 extreme--! p /riv+ to remove ! sick & helpless be=e ! fire %\ld rea* !m--next /ruggl+ to save ! mo/ valuable ( _! effects--! cries ( ! wom5 & *ildr5--! ro>+ ( ! affright$ cattle1 hunt$ by ! dogs ( ! %eph]ds amid ! smoke & ! fire--altoge!r compos$ a sc5e t completely baffles description4 ,a d5se cl\d ( smoke envelop$ ! :ole c\ntry by day1 & ev5 ext5d$ f> on ! sea4 ,at night1 an awfully gr& b t]rific sc5e pres5t$ itself--all ! h\ses 9 an ext5sive di/rict 9 flames at once4 ,i myself asc5d$ a height ab\t elev5 o'clock 9 ! ev5+1 & c\nt$ two hundr$ & fifty blaz+ h\ses1 _m ( ! own]s ( :i* 7 my relations1 & all ( :om ,i p]sonally knew1 b ^: pres5t condition ,i c\ld n tell4 ,! conflagration la/$ six days1 till ! :ole ( ! dwell+s 7 r$uc$ to a%es or smok+ ru9s4 ,dur+ "o ( ^! days1 a boat lo/ h] way 9 ! d5se smoke z %e approa*$ ! %ore1 b at night %e 0 enabl$ to rea* a l&+-place by ! light ( ! flames4' ,b1 to employ ! language ( ,s\!y1 ',?+s su* z ^!1 we "k1 mu/ be ,at e fam\s victory4' ,& 9 ?is in/ance ! victory ( ! "l ( ! soil ov] ! *ildr5 ( ! soil 0 signal & complete4 ,9 little m ?an n9e ye>s a population ( fifte5 ?\s& individuals 7 remov$ f ! int]ior ( ,su!rl& to its sea-coa/s1 or _h emigrat$ to ,am]ica4 ,! inl& di/ricts 7 conv]t$ into des]ts1 ?r\gh :i* ! travell] may take a long day's j\rney1 amid ru9s t /ill be> ! sca! ( fire1 & grassy pat*es betray+1 :5 ! ev5+ sun ca/s aslant its long deep %ad[s1 ! half-effac$ l9es ( ! pl\gh4 ,! writ] ( ! s+ul>ly /rik+ passage we h j quot$1 revisit$ 8 native place 7,kildonan7 9 ! ye> #ahbh1 & att5d$ div9e s]vice 9 ! p>i% *ur*4 ,a num]\s & dev\t congregation _h once wor%ipp$ !re3 ! congregation n[ consi/$ ( eight %eph]ds & _! dogs4 ,9 a neighb\r+ di/rict--! b>ony ( ,/ra?nav]1 a portion ( ! p>i% ( ,f>r--! *ur*1 no long] f\nd necess>y1 0 raz$ to ! gr\nd4 ,! timb] 0 c>ri$ away to be us$ 9 ! erection ( an inn1 & ! m9i/]'s h\se conv]t$ into ! dwell+ ( a fox-hunt]4 ',a woman well kn[n 9 ! p>i%1' says ,m',leod1 'happ5+ to trav]se ! ,/ra? ! ye> aft] ! burn+1 0 ask$1 on h] return1 ,:at news8 ,oh1 said %e1 sgeul brona*1 sgeul brona*6 sad news1 sad news6 ,i h se5 ! timb] ( our kirk cov]+ ! inn at ,altnah>ran2 ,i h se5 ! kirky>d1 :]e our fri5ds are m\ld]+1 fill$ ) t>ry %eep1 & ,mr4 ,sage's /udy-room a k5nel = ,rob]t ,gun's dogs4' ,,*apt] ,v4 ,let u foll[1 = a little1 ! poor ,highl&]s ( ,su!rl& to ! sea-coa/4 ,x w\ld be easy dwell+ on ! t]rors ( _! expulsion1 & multiply+ facts ( horror2 b _h !re be5 no p]man5t det]ioration effect$ 9 _! condition1 ^!1 all h>r[+ & repulsive z !y 71 w\ld h matt]$ less4 ,su!rl& w\ld h soon recov]$ ! burn+ up ( a few hundr$ hamlets1 or ! loss ( a few b$ridd5 old p1 :o w\ld h di$ z c]ta9ly "u cov]1 ?\gh p]haps a few mon?s lat]1 z :5 expos$ to ! elem5ts 9 ! op5 air4 ,nay1 _h x lo/ a ?\s& ( its be/ m5 9 ! way 9 :i* x lo/ s _m at ! /orm+ ( ,new ,orleans1 ! blank ere n[ w\ld h be5 completely fill$ up4 ,! calamities ( fire or ( decimation ev51 h[ev] di/ress+ 9 !mselves1 nev] yet ru9$ a c\ntry3 no calamity ru9s a c\ntry t leaves ! surviv+ inhabitants to develope1 9 _! old circum/ances1 _! old "* & res\rces4 ,9 "o ( ! ea/]n eclogues ( ,coll9s1 :]e two %eph]ds are describ$ z fly+ = _! lives be=e ! troops ( a ru?less invad]1 we see ) h[ mu* ( ! t]rible ! imag9ation ( a poet c\ld inve/ ! evils ( w>1 :5 aggravat$ by pitiless b>b>ity4 ,f]tile z t imag9ation 01 h[ev]1 !re might be f\nd new circum/ances to height5 ! horrors ( ! sc5e--circum/ances beyond ! rea* ( inv5tion--9 ! retreat ( ! ,su!rl& ,highl&]s f ! smok+ ru9s ( _! cottages to _! allotm5ts on ! coa/4 ,we h he>d ( "o man1 nam$ ,m',kay1 ^: family1 at ! "t ( ! great] conflagration ref]r$ to by ,m',leod1 7 all ly+ ill ( fev]1 :o _h to c>ry two ( 8 sick *ildr5 on 8 back a di/ance ( tw5ty-five miles4 ,we h he>d ( ! fami%$ p black5+ ! %ores1 l ! crew ( "s vessel wreck$ on an inhospitable coa/1 t !y might su/a9 life by ! %ell-fi% & sea-we$ laid b>e by ! ebb4 ,_m ( _! allotm5ts1 especially on ! we/]n coa/1 7 b>r5 9 ! extreme--un%elt]$ by bu% or tree1 & expos$ to ! sweep+ sea-w9ds1 &1 9 "t ( tempe/1 to ! blight+ spray2 & x 0 f\nd a matt] ( ! extreme/ difficulty to keep ! few cattle :i* !y _h reta9$1 f w&]+1 especially 9 ! night-"t1 into ! bett] %elt]$ & m f]tile int]ior4 ,! poor animals 7 intellig5t en\gh to read a practical comm5t on ! nature ( ! *ange effect$2 &1 f ! h>%ness ( ! %eph]ds to :om ! c>e ( ! int]ior _h be5 entru/$1 !y s]v$ mat]ially to add to ! di/ress ( _! unhappy ma/]s4 ,!y 7 gett+ cont9ually imp\nd$2 & vexati\s f9es1 9 ! =m ( trespass-money1 came ?us to be wrung f ! already impov]i%$ ,highl&]s4 ,_m :o _h no money to give 7 oblig$ to relieve !m by deposit+ "s ( _! few portable articles ( value1 su* z b$ or body clo!s1 or1 m di/ress+ /ill1 wat*es & r+s & p9s--! only relics1 9 n a few in/ances1 ( brave m5 ^: bones 7 m\ld]+ "u ! fatal ramp>t at ,new ,orleans1 or 9 ! arid s&s ( ,egypt--on t spot ( pr\d recollection1 :]e ! inv9cibles ( ,napoleon w5t d[n be=e ! ,highl& bayonet4 ,_! fir/ ef=ts z fi%]m5 7 :at might be expect$ f a rural p unaccu/om$ to ! sea4 ,! %ores ( ,su!rl&1 = imm5se tracts toge!r1 are iron-b\nd1 & mu* expos$--op5 on ! ea/]n coa/ to ! waves ( ! ,g]man ,ocean1 & on ! nor? & we/ to ! long roll ( ! ,atlantic4 ,!re c\ld n be m p]il\s seas = ! unpractis$ boatman to take 8 fir/ lessons on2 b ?\gh ! casualties 7 num]\s1 & ! loss ( life great1 _m ( ! y\ng] ,highl&]s became exp]t fi%]m54 ,! exp]im5t 0 h>% 9 ! extreme1 b s f>1 at lea/1 x succe$$4 ,x lies op51 h[ev]1 to o!r objections ?an ^? :i* h be5 urg$ aga9/ x on ! score ( its inhumanity4 ,! read] mu/ be acqua9t$ ) ,goldsmi?'s rem>ks on ! h]r+ fi%]y ( 8 days4 ',a few ye>s ago1' he says1 '! h]r+ fi%+ employ$ all ,grub ,/reet2 x 0 ! topic 9 e c(fee-h\se1 & ! burd5 ( e ballad4 ,we 7 to drag up oceans ( gold f ! bottom ( ! sea2 we 7 to supply all ,europe ) h]r+s ^u our own t]ms4 ,at pres5t1 h[ev]1 we he> no m ( all ?is2 we h fi%$ up v little gold t ,i c le>n2 nor d we furni% ! _w ) h]r+s1 z 0 expect$4' ,we h1 9 ?is brief passage1 a hi/ory ( all ! m sangu9e expectations :i* h be5 f\nd$ on h]r+ fi%]ies4 ,!re is no bran* ( indu/ry s calculat$ to awak5 ! hopes ( ! speculator1 or s suit$ to disappo9t !m4 ,s entirely is ?is ! case1 t 7 we desir\s to r$uce an indu/ri\s p to ! l[e/ /age ( wret*$ness compatible ) indu/ry1 we w\ld remove !m to "s b>r5 di/rict1 & !re ?r[ !m on ! res\rces ( ?is fi%]y exclusively4 ,! employm5ts ( ! h]r+ fi%] h all ! unc]ta9ty ( ! v5tures ( ! gambl]4 ,he has fir/ to lay d[n1 if we may s speak1 a consid]able /ake1 = 8 drift ( nets & 8 boat involve a v consid]able outlay ( capital2 & if successful1 & if 9 g5]al ! fi%]y be n successful1 ! take ( a s+le week may m ?an remun]ate him4 ,a s+le ca/ ( 8 nets may br+ him 9 ?irty gu9eas & m4 ,! die turns up 9 8 fav\r1 & he sweeps ! bo>d4 ,& h5ce ^? gold5 dreams ( ! speculator s happily describ$ by ,goldsmi?4 ,b ye> aft] ye> may pass1 & ! run ( luck be aga9/ ! fi%]man4 ,a fi%+ g5]ally good at all ! /ations gluts ! m>ket1 necess>ily limit$ 9 its dem&s to an av]age supply1 &1 f ! bulk & weight ( ! commodity1 n easily ext5d$ to di/ant p>ts3 & ! h]r+ m]*ant fir/1 & ! fi%]man next1 f9d t !y h be5 lab\r+ h>d to little purpose4 ,aga91 a fi%+ "u av]age1 f ! ecc5tric "* ( ! fi%1 is f\nd almo/ always to b5efit a few1 & to ru9 a great _m4 ,! av]age defici5cy is nev] equally spread ov] ! fi%]m52 "o sweeps ! bo>d--ano!r loses all4 ,nor are ! cases few 9 :i* ! accu/om$ %oal :olly des]ts a tract ( coa/ = ye>s toge!r2 & ?us ! lott]y1 prec>i\s at all times1 becomes a lott]y 9 :i* !re are only blanks to be drawn4 ,! weal?y speculator might p]haps wat* su* *anges1 & by supplem5t+ ! defici5cy ( "o ye> by ! abundance ( ano!r1 give to ! :ole a "* ( av]age2 b alas = ! poor lab\r+ man plac$ 9 su* circum/ances6 ,! ye>ly disbursem5ts ( our ,scotti% ,fi%]y ,bo>d1 9 ! way ( assi/ance to pov]ty-/ruck fi%]m51 unable ev5 to repair _! boats1 te/ify all too tangibly t !y _c regulate _! long runs ( ill luck by _! tempor>y successes6 ,& if su* be ! case among our h]$it>y fi%]m5 ( ! nor?1 :o d]ive m ?an half _! su/5ance f ! :ite fi%]y1 h[ mu* m mu/ x affect ^? fi%]m5 ( ,su!rl&1 :o1 hav+ no m>ket = _! :ite fi% 9 ! depopulat$ int]ior1 & no m]*ants settl$ among !m to f9d m>kets f>!r away1 h to dep5d exclusively on _! h]r+ fi%+6 ,! exp]im5t :i* precipitat$ ! population ( ! c\ntry on its b>] skirts1 z "s diseases precipitate ! hum\rs on ! extremities1 w\ld h be5 emphatically a disa/r\s "o1 s f> at lea/ z ! p 7 conc]n$1 ev5 did x involve no l>ge am\nt ( human suff]+1 & no det]ioration ( "*4 ,"o ( ! fir/ writ]s1 ( unque/ion$ respectability1 :o acqua9t$ ! public ) ! true "* ( ! revolution :i* _h be5 effect$ 9 ,su!rl&1 0 ! late ,g5]al ,/ew>t ( ,g>?4 ,he 01 we believe1 ! fir/ man--& ! fact says some?+ = 8 %rewdness--:o saw a com+ poor-law loom+ ?r\gh ! cle>+ ( ,su!rl&4 ,8 /atem5ts are exce$+ly valuable2 8 inf]5ces almo/ always j4 ,! ,g5]al--a man ( probity & nice hon\r--_h su* an ability ( e/imat+ ! value ( moral excell5ce 9 a p1 z ! orig9ators ( ! revolution _h ( e/imat+ ! antagoni/ m]its ( d\ble p\nds ( mutton & s+le p\nds ( beef4 ,he _h se5 pr9t$ repres5tations on ! subject--tissues ( holl[ falsehood1 t h s9ce be5 repeat$ 9 newspap]s & reviews2 & ?\gh unacqua9t$ ) ! facts at ! "t1 he saw suffici5t reason to "q _! g5]al correctness1 f ! circum/ance t he f\nd 9 !m ! "* ( ! p1 ) :i* no man c\ld be bett] acqua9t$1 vilifi$ & traduc$4 ,! ,g5]al saw "o levia?an falsehood runn+ ?r\gh ! :ole1 &1 on ! /r5g? ( ! old adage1 naturally suspect$ ! company 9 :i* he f\nd x4 ,& s1 mak+ m9ute & fai?ful inquiry1 he publi%$ ! results at :i* he arriv$4 ,he ref]s to ! mode ( ejectm5t by ! tor*4 ,he next goes on to %[ h[ "s ( ! eject$ t5ants 7 all[$ small allotm5ts ( moor on ! coa/ side1 ( f half an acre to two acres 9 ext5t1 :i* x 0 _! task to break into corn l&2 & h[ t1 because _m pat*es ( gre5 appe> 9 ?is way1 :]e all 0 russet be=e1 ! *ange has be5 mu* eulogiz$ z improvem5t4 ,we f9d him rem>k+ fur!r1 ) consid]able po9t & %rewdness1 t '_m p]sons are1 h[ev]1 incl9$ to d\bt ! advantages ( improvem5ts :i* call = su* frequ5t apologies1' & t1 'if ! advantage to ! p 7 s evid5t1 or if m l5i5t measures _h be5 pursu$1 v9dication c\ld n h be5 necess>y4' ,! ,g5]al knew h[ to pass f ! gre5 spots !mselves to ! condition ( ^? :o till$ !m4 ,! foll[+ passage mu/ /rike all acqua9t$ ) ! ,highl&]s ( ,su!rl& z a true repres5tation ( ! circum/ances to :i* !y h be5 r$uc$3 ',anci5t respectable t5ants :o h pass$ ! great] "p ( life 9 ! enjoym5t ( abundance1 & 9 ! ex]cise ( hospitality & *>ity1 possess+ /ock ( t51 tw5ty1 & ?irty bre$+ c[s1 ) ! usual proportion ( o!r /ock1 are n[ p9+ on "o or two acres ( bad l&1 ) "o or two />v$ c[s2 & = ?is accommodation a calculation is made1 t !y mu/ support _! families1 & pay ! r5t ( _! lots1 n f ! produce1 b f ! sea1 ?us draw+ a r5t :i* ! l& _c af=d4 ,:5 ! h]r+ fi%+ succe$s1 !y g5]ally satisfy ! l&lord1 :atev] privations !y may suff]2 b :5 ! fi%+ fails1 !y fall into arre>s4 ,! h]r+ fi%+1 always prec>i\s1 has = a succession ( ye>s be5 v defective1 & ?is class ( p are r$uc$ to extreme mis]y4 ,at fir/1 "s ( !m possess$ capital1 f conv]t+ _! f>m-/ock into ca%1 b ?is has be5 long exhau/$2 & x is truly di/ress+ to view _! g5]al pov]ty1 aggravat$ by _! hav+ once enjoy$ abundance & indep5d5ce4' ,"s ( ! removals to :i* we h ref]r$ took place dur+ t gr\p ( sc>ce seasons 9 :i* ! ye> #ahaf 0 s prom95t2 b ! sc>city :i* ^! induc$ s]v$ m]ely to r5d] ! o!r suff]+s ( ! p m int5se1 & 0 lo/ sight ( 9 ! g5]al ext5t ( ! calamity4 ,ano!r gr\p ( h>d seasons came on1--"o ( ^? gr\ps :i* seem ( su* c]ta9 & yet ( su* irregul> occurr5ce 9 our climate1 t ?\gh !y h attract$ notice f ! days ( ,bacon d[nw>ds1 !y h hi!rto resi/$ all attempts to include !m 9 "s def9ite cycle4 ,! summ] & h>ve/ ( #ahce 7 ! la/ ( a s]ies ( f9e summ]s & abundant h>ve/s2 & = six ye>s aft] !re 0 less ?an ! usual heat1 & m ?an ! usual ra94 ,sci5ce1 9 connection ) agriculture1 has done mu* = u 9 ! l[ c\ntry1 & s our humbl] population 7 sav$ f ! horrors ( a de>? ( food2 b on ! gre5 pat*es :i* girdle ! %ores ( ,su!rl&1 & :i* h be5 e/eem$ su* wond]ful improvem5ts1 sci5ce _h done & c\ld d no?+4 ,! p _h be5 s9k+ l[] & l[] dur+ ! previ\s tw5ty ye>s1 & :at w\ld h be5 great h>d%ip be=e _h become fam9e n[4 ,"o feels at times t x may be an advantage to h liv$ among ! humbl] p4 ,we h be5 enabl$1 9 consequ5ce1 to detect _m su* gross mis/atem5ts z ^? ) :i* ! apologi/s ( ! disa/r\s revolution effect$ 9 ,su!rl& h attempt$ to gloss ov] ! ru9 ( t c\ntry4 ,9 o!r p>ts ( ! ,highl&s1 especially 9 ! ,hebrides1 ! failure ( ! kelp trade did mu* to impov]i% ! inhabitants2 b 9 ! ,highl&s ( ,su!rl& ! fam9e 0 ! effect ( improvem5t alone4 ,! writ] ( ^! *apt]s saw h[ a late1 unt[>d ye> op]ates on ! bleak %ores ( ! nor?-we/]n ,highl&s1 :5 sp5d+ a season !re a good _m ye>s ago4 ,he f\nd :at only a few twelvemon?s previ\s _h be5 a piece ( d>k moor1 laid out into m9ute pat*es ( corn1 & be>+ a d5se population4 ,! h]r+ fi%+ _h fail$ = ! two seasons be=e1 & ! poor cott>s 71 9 consequ5ce1 9 arre>s ) _! r5t2 b ! crops _h be5 tol]able2 & ?\gh _! /ores ( meal & potatoes 7 all exhau/$ at ! "t ( our com+ among !m 7! mon? ( ,june71 & ?\gh no "p ( ! gr[+ crop 0 yet fit = use1 ! :ite fi%+ 0 abundant1 & a tra9+ ( h>d%ip _h enabl$ !m to subsi/ on fi% exclusively4 ,_! corn %ot 9 ! g5ial sun%9e1 & gave fair promise1 & _! potatoes _h become f> en\gh advanc$ to supplem5t _! all too meagre meals1 :51 aft] a t]rible ?und]-/orm1 ! f9e wea!r broke up1 & = ?irte5 weeks toge!r !re sc>ce pass$ a day )\t its baffl+ w9ds & its heavy *ill+ %[]s4 ,! oats )]$ )\t rip5+2 ! h>dy be> might be se5 ru/l+ on all ! m expos$ slopes1 light z ! common rye-grass ( our hay-fields1 ! /alks1 9 va/ proportion1 %orn ( ! e>s4 ,x 0 only 9 a v few ( ! m %elt]$ places t x yield$ a scanty return ( a d>k-col\r$ & %rivell$ gra94 ,& to imp>t a /ill deep] %ade to ! prospects ( ! poor ,highl&]s1 ! h]r+ fi%]y fail$ z signally z 9 ! previ\s ye>s4 ,!re await$ !m all too obvi\sly a :ole half ye> ( inevitable fam9e1 unless ,l[l& *>ity int]f]$ 9 _! behalf4 ,& ! recurr5ce ( ?is /ate ( ?+s no am\nt ( provid5ce or ex]tion on _! own "p1 :5 plac$ 9 su* circum/ances1 c obviate or prev5t4 ,x 0 a conviction ( ?is "*1 bas$ on exp]i5ce1 :i* l$ ! writ] ( ^! rem>ks to /ate1 :5 giv+ evid5ce be=e ! pres5t ,poor-,law ,commission]s = ,scotl&1 t ?\gh oppos$ to ! pr9ciple ( legal assessm5t g5]ally1 he c\ld yet see no o!r mode ( rea*+ ! de/itution ( ! ,highl&s4 ,our humane ,scotti% law compels ! man :o s5ds ano!r man to prison to support him !re1 j because x is held impossible t )9 ! walls ( a prison a man c support himself4 ,%\ld ! pr9ciple alt]1 if1 in/ead ( s5d+ him to a prison1 he bani%es him to a bleak1 inhospitable coa/1 :]e1 unless he receives occasional support f o!rs1 he mu/ inevitably p]i%8 ,! suff]+s ( ! p ( ,su!rl& dur+ ! fir/ ( ^! ye>s ( de/itution 7#ahcf71 we f9d /rik+ly describ$ by ,m',leod3 ',9 ?is ye>1' says ! au?or1 '! crops all ov] ,brita9 7 defici5t1 hav+ bad wea!r = gr[+ & rip5+1 & /ill worse = ga!r+ 94 ,b 9 ! ,highl&s !y 7 an entire failure2 & on ! unt[>d spots1 occupi$ by ! ,su!rl& small t5ants1 !re 0 lit]ally no?+ fit = human subsi/5ce4 ,& to add to ! calamity1 ! wea!r _h prev5t$ !m f secur+ ! peats1 _! only fuel2 s t1 to _! previ\s /ate ( exhau/ion1 cold & hung] 7 to be sup]add$4 ,! suff]+s endur$ by ! poor ,highl&]s 9 ! succe$+ w9t] truly begg> description4 ,ev5 ! h]r+ fi%+ _h fail$1 & consequ5tly _! cr$it 9 ,cai?ness1 :i* dep5d$ on its success1 0 at an end4 ,any little provision !y might be able to procure 0 ( ! mo/ inf]ior & un:olesome description4 ,x 0 no uncommon ?+ to see p se>*+ among ! sn[ = ! fro/$ potatoes to eat 9 ord] to pres]ve life4 ,z ! h>ve/ _h be5 disa/r\s1 s ! w9t] 0 uncommonly boi/]\s & sev]e1 & consequ5tly little c\ld be obta9$ f ! sea to mitigate ! calamity4 ,! di/ress rose to su* a height z to cause a s5sation all ov] ! isl&2 & !re arose a g5]al cry = ,gov]nm5t int]f]5ce1 to save ! p f dea? by fam9e4' ,public meet+s 7 held1 private subscriptions ent]$ into1 l>ge funds collect$1 ! ,briti% p respond$ to ! cry ( _! suff]+ fell[-subjects1 & relief 0 ext5d$ to e portion ( ! ,highl&s except "o4 ,alas = poor ,su!rl&6 ,!re1 x 0 said1 ! *>ity ( ! c\ntry 0 n requir$1 z ! noble & weal?y proprietors _h !mselves resolv$ to int]f]e2 & z ?is /atem5t 0 circulat$ ext5sively ?r\gh ! public pr9ts1 & s$ul\sly repeat$ at all public meet+s1 ! m9d ( ! community 0 set q at re/ on ! matt]4 ,& int]f]e ! proprietors at l5g? did4 ,late 9 ! spr+ ( #ahcg1 aft] suff]+s ! mo/ incr$ible _h be5 endur$1 & disease & dea? _h be5 among ! wret*$ p1 !y receiv$ a scanty supply ( meal & se$-corn1 = :i*1 ?\gh vaunt$ at ! "t z a piece ( munific5t *>ity1 ! great] "p ( !m _h aft]w>ds to pay4 ,9 ! next *apt] we %all endeav\r br++ ^! facts to be> on ! cause ( ! ,free ,*ur* 9 ,su!rl&4 ,we close = ! pres5t by add+ j "o curi\s fact m4 ,we h already %[n h[ ! bleak moors ( ,su!rl& h be5 mightily improv$ by ! revolution :i* ru9$ its p4 ,!y be> _m gre5 pat*es :i* 7 br[n be=e4 ,n[ x s happ5$ t r m ?an t5 ye>s ago1 ! idea /ruck ! orig9al improv]s1 t z gre5 0 an improvem5t on br[n1 s f> z ! moors 7 conc]n$1 :ite w\ld be an equally decid$ improvem5t on black1 s f> z ! h\ses 7 conc]n$4 ,an ord] 0 accord+ly issu$1 9 ! "n ( ! ,duke & ,du*ess ( ,su!rl&1 t all ! small t5ants on bo? sides ! public road1 :]e x /ret*es on ! nor!rn coa/ f ! conf9es ( ,reay to ! ,kyle ( ,tongue1 a di/ance ( ab\t ?irty miles1 %\ld /raightway build !mselves new h\ses ( /one & mort>1 accord+ to a prescrib$ plan & specification4 ,ph>aoh's fam\s ord] c\ld n h br$ great] con/]nation4 ,b ! only alt]native giv5 0 summ$ up 9 ! magic ^w removal2 & ! poor ,highl&]s1 deject$1 tam$1 brok5 9 _s z 9 means1 well knew f exp]i5ce :at ! magic ^w meant4 ,& s1 z _! prototypes set !mselves to ga!r /ubble = _! bricks1 ! poor ,highl&]s began to build4 ,we aga9 quote f ,m',leod3 ',previ\s to ?is1 9 ! ye> #ahbi1 ,i & my family _h be5 =c$ away1 l o!rs1 be+ p>ticul>ly obnoxi\s to ^? 9 au?ority = sometimes %[+ an incl9ation to oppose _! tyranny1 & !re=e we _h to be made examples ( to fright5 ! re/2 b 9 #ahcc ,i made a t\r ( ! di/rict1 :5 ! build+ 0 go+ on1 & %all endeav\r to describe a small "p ( :at met my eye on t occasion4 ,9 "o locality 7& ?is 0 a specim5 ( ! re/7 ,i saw f\rte5 diff]5t squads ( masons at "w1 ) ! natives att5d+ !m4 ,old grey-head$ m51 worn d[n by previ\s h>d%ip & pres5t want1 7 to be se5 c>ry+ /ones1 & :eel+ !m & o!r mat]ials on b>r[s1 or convey+ !m on _! backs to ! build+s1 & ) _! tott]+ limbs & trembl+ h&s /ra9+ to raise !m on ! walls4 ,! "y m5 also1 aft] toil+ all night at sea endeav\r+ = subsi/5ce1 7 oblig$ to yield _! exhau/$ frames to ! lab\rs ( ! day4 ,ev5 female lab\r c\ld n be disp5s$ )2 ! /rong z well z ! weak1 ! delicate & sickly1 & 7%ame to _! oppressors7 ev5 ! pregnant1 b>efoot$ & scantily clo!d1 7 oblig$ to jo9 9 ^? rugg$1 unfem99e lab\rs4 ,9 "o in/ance ,i saw ! husb& qu>ry+ /ones1 & ! wife & *ildr5 dragg+ !m along 9 an old c>t to ! build+4 ,su* 7 ! build+ sc5es ( t p]iod4 ,! poor p _h (t5 to give ! la/ morsel ( food !y possess$ to fe$ ! masons1 & subsi/ on %ell-fi% !mselves4 ,?is w5t on = sev]al ye>s1 9 ! c\rse ( :i* _m hundr$s ( ^! h\ses 7 erect$ on unhospitable spots unfit = a human resid5ce4' ,we add ano!r extract f ! same writ]3 ',x might be ?\ght1' adds ,m',leod1 't ! design ( =c+ ! p to build su* h\ses 0 to provide = _! com=t & accommodation1 b !re seems to h be5 q a diff]5t object1--:i*1 ,i believe1 0 ! true motive1--& t 0 to hide ! mis]y t prevail$4 ,!re _h be5 a great s5sation creat$ 9 ! public m9d by ! cruelties ex]cis$ 9 ^! di/ricts2 & x 0 ?\ght t a numb] ( neat :ite h\ses1 rang$ on ea* side ( ! road1 w\ld take ! eye ( /rang]s & visitors1 & give a practical contradiction to ! rum\rs afloat4 ,h5ce ! poor creatures 7 =c$ to resort to su* means1 & to endure su* h>d%ips & privations z ,i h describ$1 to c>ry ! s*eme into effect4 ,& aft] !y _h sp5t _! rema9+ all1 & m ?an _! all1 on ! erection ( ^! h\ses1 & involv$ !mselves 9 debt1 = :i* !y h be5 h>ass$ & pursu$ ev] s9ce1 :at are ^! erections b :it5$ tombs6 _m ( !m n[ t5 ye>s 9 exi/5ce1 & /ill )\t prop] doors or w9d[s1 de/itute ( furniture & ( com=t1--! unhappy lairs ( a he>t-brok51 squalid1 fa/-deg5]at+ race4' ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,we h exhibit$ to our read]s1 9 ! cle>+ ( ,su!rl&1 a process ( ru9 s ?or\ghly disa/r\s1 t x might be deem$ sc>ce possible to r5d] x m complete4 ,& yet1 ) all its app>5t complet5ess1 x admitt$ ( a supplem5t>y process4 ,to employ "o ( ! /rik+ figures ( ,scripture1 x 0 possible to gr9d into p[d] :at _h be5 previ\sly brok5 into fragm5ts1--to degrade ! poor inhabitants to a /ill l[] level ?an t on :i* !y _h be5 s cruelly precipitat$1--?\gh p]sons ( a n v orig9al ca/ ( m9d might h f\nd x difficult to say h[2 & ! ,duke ( ,su!rl& has be5 +5i\s en\gh to fall on exactly ! "o prop] exp$i5t = supplem5t+ _! ru94 ,all 9 m]e circum/ance & situation t c\ld l[] & det]iorate1 _h be5 pres5t z +r$i5ts 9 ! fir/ process2 b !re /ill rema9$ = ! p1 h[ev] r$uc$ to pov]ty or brok5 9 _s1 all 9 religion t consoles & ennobles4 ,sabba?-days came r\nd ) _! humaniz+ influ5ces2 &1 "u ! tea*+s ( ! gospel1 ! poor & oppress$ look$ long+ly =w>d to a future sc5e ( be+1 9 :i* !re is no pov]ty & no oppression4 ,!y /ill possess$1 amid _! mis]y1 some?+ positively good1 ( :i* x 0 possible to deprive !m2 & h5ce ! ability d]iv$ to ! pres5t "l ( ,su!rl&1 ( deep5+ & r5d]+ m signal ! ru9 accompli%$ by 8 pr$ecessor4 ,napoleon1 :5 on ! eve ( re-e/abli%+ ,pop]y 9 ,france1 %[$ 8 conviction ( ! importance ( national religions1 by rem>k+ t1 did !re exi/ no ready-made religion to s]ve 8 turn1 he w\ld be "u ! necessity ( mak+ "o on purpose4 ,& 8 rem>k1 ?\gh p]haps ?r[n into ?is =m m]ely to give x po9t1 & r5d] x /rik+1 has be5 in/anc$ z a pro( t he c\ld n h consid]$ ! matt] v pr(\ndly4 ,x has be5 said1 & said truly1 t religions ( /am9a en\gh to be ev5 politically useful _c be made3 t x is comp>atively easy to ga9 great battles1 & frame important laws2 b t to create belief lay beyond ! p[] ( ev5 a ,napoleon4 ,france1 in/ead ( cr$it+ 8 manufactur$ religion1 w\ld h laugh$ at bo? him & x4 ,! ,duke ( ,su!rl& has1 h[ev]1 tak5 ^u himself a h>d] task ?an ! "o to :i* ,napoleon c\ld ref]1 probably 9 joke4 ,8 aim seems to be1 n ! comp>atively simple "o ( mak+ a new religion :]e no religion exi/$ be=e1 b ( mak+ m5 already firm 9 _! religi\s convictions believe t to be a religion :i* !y believe to be no su* ?+4 ,8 und]tak+ involves a dis*>g+ z c]ta9ly z an inject+ process1--! erasure ( an exi/+ belief1 z c]ta9ly z ! infusion ( an antagoni/ic belief t has no exi/5ce4 ,we h %[n h[ evangelism took root & grew 9 ,su!rl&1 z ! only =m ( ,*ri/ianity :i* its p c\ld recognise2 h[ ! antagoni/ pr9ciple ( ,mod]atism !y fail$ to recognise z ,*ri/ianity at all2 & h[1 :5 ! latt] 0 obtrud$ into _! pulpits1 !y )drew f ! *ur*es 9 :i* _! fa!rs _h wor%ipp$1 = !y c\ld reg>d !m z *ur*es no long]1 & held _! pray] & fell[%ip meet+s 9 _! own homes1 or travell$ f> to att5d ! m9i/rations ( cl]gym5 9 ^: mission !y c\ld believe4 ,we h %[n t ?is /ate ( feel+ & belief /ill p]vades ! c\nty4 ,x l$ to an actual disruption betwe5 its evangeliz$ p & its mod]ate cl]gy1 long ere ! disruption ( la/ ,may took place3 t important ev5t has _h b ! effect ( m>%all+ !m into "o compact body "u a new "n4 ,!y are adh]5ts ( ! ,free ,*ur* n[1 j because !y h be5 adh]5ts to its pr9ciples = ! la/ two c5turies4 ,& to %ake !m loose f ?is adh]5ce is ! object ( 8 ,grace2 to rev]se ! belief ( ages2 to r5d] !m indiff]5t to t :i* !y feel & believe to be religion2 & to make !m reg>d z religion t :i* !y "k to be none4 ,8 task is h>d] by a great deal ?an t to :i* ,napoleon b>ely v5tur$ to adv]t2 & h[ v co>se & repulsive 8 purpos$ means ( accompli%+ x6 ,^! h>monize b too well ) ! mode 9 :i* ! int]ior ( ,su!rl& 0 cle>$1 & ! improv$ cottages ( its sea-coa/s erect$4 ,! plan has its two items4 ,no sites are to be grant$ 9 ! di/rict = ,free *ur*es1 & no dwell+-h\ses = ,free ,*ur* m9i/]s4 ,! climate is sev]e2 ! w9t]s prolong$ & /ormy2 ! roads :i* connect ! *ief seats ( population ) ! neighb\r+ c\nties dre>y & long4 ,may n m9i/]s & p be ev5tually worn out 9 ?is way8 ,su* is ! portion ( ! plan :i* 8 ,grace & 8 ,grace's creatures c af=d to pres5t to ! light4 ,b !re are supplem5t>y items ( a some:at d>k] k9d4 ,! poor cott>s are1 9 ! great majority ( cases1 t5ants at w2 & !re has be5 mu* pa9s tak5 to in=m !m1 t to ! crime ( ent]ta9+ & %elt]+ a prote/+ m9i/]1 ! p5alty ( ejection f _! hold+s mu/ inevitably atta*4 ,! laws ( ,*>les h aga9 return$ 9 ?is unhappy di/rict2 & free & tol]at+ ,scotl& has got1 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury1 z 9 ! sev5te5?1 its int]commun$ m9i/]s4 ,we %all n say t ! intimation has emanat$ f ! ,duke4 ,x is ! mis=tune ( su* m5 t !re creep ar\nd !m creatures ^: bus9ess x is to anticipate _! wi%es2 b :o1 at times1 d\btless1 in/ead ( anticipat+1 mis9t]pret !m2 & :o1 ev5 :5 n v mu* mi/ak51 imp>t to :atev] !y d ! impress ( _! own l[ & m5ial natures1 & ?us exagg]ate 9 ! act ! int5tion ( _! ma/]s4 ,we d n say1 !re=e1 t ! intimation has emanat$ f ! ,duke2 b ?is we say1 t an exempl>y ,su!rl&%ire m9i/] ( ! ,prote/+ ,*ur*1 :o resign$ 8 worldly all = ! sake ( 8 pr9ciples1 _h lately to travel1 t he might prea* to 8 atta*$ p1 a long j\rney ( =ty-five miles outw>ds1 & z mu* 9 return1 & all ?is )\t tak+ %elt] "u ! cov] ( a ro(1 or )\t p>tak+ ( any o!r refre%m5t ?an t furni%$ by ! sl5d] /ore ( provisions :i* he _h c>ri$ ) him f 8 new home4 ,will+ly w\ld ! poor ,highl&]s h receiv$ him at any risk2 b kn[+ f exp]i5ce :at a ,su!rl&%ire removal means1 he pref]r$ endur+ any am\nt ( h>d%ip1 r ?an t ! hospitality ( 8 p %\ld be made ! occasion ( _! ru94 ,we h already adv]t$ to ! case ( a lady ( ,su!rl& ?reat5$ ) ejection f h] home because %e _h ext5d$ ! %elt] ( h] ro( to "o ( ! prote/+ cl]gy--an ag$ & v5]able man1 :o _h quitt$ ! neighb\r+ manse1 8 home = _m ye>s1 because he c\ld no long] enjoy x 9 consi/5cy ) 8 pr9ciples2 & we h %[n t t ag$ & v5]able man 0 ! lady's own fa!r4 ,:at am\nt ( oppression ( a small] & m petty "* may n be expect$ 9 ! circum/ances1 :5 cases su* z ^! are f\nd to /& b a v little ov] ! ord9>y level8 ,! meannesses to :i* ducal ho/ility c /oop 9 ?is hapless di/rict impress ) a feel+ ( surprise4 ,9 ! p>i% ( ,dorno*1 = in/ance1 :]e 8 ,grace is =tunately n ! sole l&[n]1 !re has be5 a site procur$ on ! mo/ g5]\s t]ms f ,sir ,george ,gun ,munro ( ,poyntzfield2 & ?is g5tleman--believ+ himself possess$ ( a h]$it>y "r to a qu>ry1 :i*1 ?\gh on ! ,duke's gr\nd1 _h be5 long resort$ to by ! proprietors ( ! di/rict g5]ally--in/ruct$ ! build] to take f x ! /ones :i* he ne$$4 ,"h1 h[ev]1 8 ,grace int]f]$4 ,nev] _h ! qu>ry be5 prohibit$ be=e2 b on ?is occasion a /r+5t int]dict arre/$ its use4 ,if 8 ,grace c\ld n prev5t a hat$ ,free ,*ur* f aris+ 9 ! di/rict1 he c\ld at lea/ add to ! exp5se ( its erection4 ,we h ev5 he>d t ! portion ( ! build+ previ\sly erect$ _h to be pull$ d[n1 & ! /ones return$4 ,h[ are we to acc\nt = a ho/ility s det]m9$1 & t c /oop s l[8 ,9 two diff]5t ways1 we are ( op9ion1 & 9 bo? h ! p ( ,scotl& a direct int]e/4 ,did 8 ,grace ent]ta9 a v int5se reg>d = ,e/abli%$ ,presbyt]y1 x is probable t he himself w\ld be a ,presbyt]ian ( ! ,e/abli%m5t4 ,b su* is n ! case4 ,! ,*ur* into :i* he w\ld s fa9 =ce ! p has be5 long s9ce des]t$ by himself4 ,! secret ( ! c\rse :i* he pursues c h no connection !re=e ) religi\s motive or belief4 ,x c be no proselytiz+ _s t misleads 8 ,grace4 ,let u rem>k1 9 ! fir/ place1--r1 h[ev]1 9 ! way ( embody+ a fact ?an imput+ a motive1--t ) 8 pres5t views1 & 9 8 pres5t circum/ances1 x may n seem p>ticul>ly 8 ,grace's int]e/ to make ! c\nty ( ,su!rl& a happy or desirable home to ! p ( ,su!rl&4 ,x may n seem 8 ,grace's int]e/ t ! population ( ! di/rict %\ld increase4 ,! cle>+ ( ! sea-coa/ may seem z little prejudicial to 8 ,grace's welf>e n[1 z ! cle>+ ( ! int]ior seem$ adv]se to ! int]e/s ( 8 pr$ecessor ?irty ye>s ago2 nay1 x is q possible t 8 ,grace may be l$ to reg>d ! cle>+ ( ! coa/ z ! bett] & m important cle>+ ( ! two4 ,let x n be =gott5 t a poor-law hangs ov] ,scotl&2 t ! %ores ( ,su!rl& are cov]$ ) :at seems "o va/ /raggl+ village1 inhabit$ by an impov]i%$ & ru9$ p2 & t ! com+ assessm5t may yet fall s weighty1 t ! extra pr(its d]iv$ to 8 ,grace f 8 l>ge %eep-f>ms1 may g b a small way 9 support+ 8 extra paup]s4 ,x is n 9 ! lea/ improbable t he may live to f9d ! revolution effect$ by 8 pr$ecessor tak+ to itself ! =m1 n ( a crime--= t w\ld be no?+--b ( a disa/r\s & v t]rible blund]4 ,!re is ano!r rem>k :i* may prove n unwor?y ! consid]ation ( ! read]4 ,ev] s9ce ! completion ( ! fatal exp]im5t :i* ru9$ ,su!rl&1 ! noble family ?r\gh :i* x 0 orig9at$ & c>ri$ on h betray$ ! utmo/ jeal\sy ( hav+ its real results made public4 ,volumes ( special plead+ h be5 writt5 on ! subject2 pamphlets h be5 publi%$2 lab\r$ articles h be5 ins]t$ 9 widely-spread reviews2 /ati/ical acc\nts h be5 wat*$ ov] ) ! mo/ c>eful surveillance4 ,if ! misrepres5tations ( ! press c\ld h alt]$ ! matt] ( fact1 fam9e w\ld n h be5 gnaw+ ! vitals ( ,su!rl& 9 e ye> j a little less abundant ?an its fell[s1 nor w\ld ! deject$ & oppress$ p be fe$+ _! discont5t1 amid pres5t mis]y1 ) ! recollections ( a happi] pa/4 ,if a s+ul>ly well-condition$ & :olesome di/rict ( c\ntry has be5 conv]t$ into "o wide ulc] ( wret*$ness & wo1 x mu/ be confess$ t ! sore has be5 c>efully b&ag$ up f ! public eye2 t if !re has be5 little done = its cure1 !re has at lea/ be5 mu* done = its concealm5t4 ,n[1 be x rememb]$ t ! ,free ,*ur* ?reat5s to ins]t a t5t into ?is w\nd1 & s keep x op54 ,x has be5 said t ! ,gaelic language removes a di/rict m effectually f ! influ5ce ( ,engli% op9ion ?an an ocean ( ?ree ?\s& miles1 & t ! ,briti% public "k bett] :at is do+ 9 ,new ,york ?an :at is do+ 9 ,lewis & ,skye4 ,& h5ce "o cause1 at lea/1 ( ! ?ick obscurity t has s long envelop$ ! mis]ies :i* ! poor ,highl&] has _h to endure1 & ! oppressions to :i* he has be5 subject$4 ,! ,free ,*ur* ?reat5s to translate h] wrongs into ,engli%1 & to give !m curr5cy 9 ! g5]al m>t ( op9ion4 ,%e might possibly en\gh be no sil5t spectator ( conflagrations su* z ^? :i* *>act]iz$ ! fir/ g5]al improvem5t ( ,su!rl&1 nor yet ( su* ,egyptian s*emes ( h\se-build+ z t :i* =m$ "p ( ! improvem5ts ( a lat] plan4 ,%e might be some:at apt to betray ! real /ate ( ! di/rict1 & ?us r5d] labori\s misrepres5tation ( little avail4 ,%e might effect a div]sion 9 ! cause ( ! p1 & %ake ! f\ndations ( ! hi!rto despotic p[] :i* has s long weigh$ !m d[n4 ,%e might d = ,su!rl& :at ,cobbett promis$ to d = x1 b :at ,cobbett _h n "* en\gh to accompli%1 & :at he did n live ev5 to attempt4 ,a comb9ation ( circum/ances h conspir$ to ve/ 9 a ,scotti% proprietor1 9 ?is nor!rn di/rict1 a m despotic p[] ?an ev5 ! mo/ absolute mon>*s ( ! ,cont95t possess2 & x is1 p]haps1 no great wond] t t proprietor %\ld be jeal\s ( ! introduction ( an elem5t :i* ?reat5s1 x may seem1 mat]ially to less5 x4 ,& s he /ruggles h>d to exclude ! ,free ,*ur*1 &1 ?\gh no memb] ( ! ,e/abli%m5t himself1 declaims w>mly 9 its behalf4 ,c]ta9 x is1 t f ! ,e/abli%m5t1 z n[ con/itut$1 he c h no?+ to fe>1 & ! p no?+ to hope4 ,aft] :at mann] may 8 ,grace ! ,duke ( ,su!rl& be mo/ effectually met 9 ?is matt]1 s t ! cause ( tol]ation & fre$om ( consci5ce may be ma9ta9$ 9 ! ext5sive di/rict :i* ,god1 9 ,8 provid5ce1 has consign$ to 8 /ew>d%ip8 ,we %all 9 our next *apt] attempt giv+ ! "q an answ]4 ,mean:ile1 we tru/ ! p ( ,su!rl& w cont9ue1 z hi!rto1 to /& firm4 ,! /rong repugnance :i* !y feel aga9/ be+ driv5 into *ur*es :i* all _! bett] m9i/]s h left1 is n ill f\nd$4 ,no ,*ur* ( ,god ev] employs su* means ( conv]sion z ^? employ$ by 8 ,grace3 !y are means :i* h be5 (t5 resort$ to = ! purpose ( mak+ m5 worse1 nev] yet = ! purpose ( mak+ !m bett]4 ,we "k t1 ) _! long-=m$ *ur*-go+ habits1 ! p mu/ feel _! n[ sil5t ,sabba?s pass heavily2 b !y w\ld p]haps d well to rememb]1 amid ! t$ium & ! gloom1 t !re 7 good m5 :o n only anticipat$ su* a "t ( trial = ?is c\ntry1 b :o also made provision = x4 ,?omas ,scott1 :5 engag$ 9 writ+ 8 ,comm5t>y1 us$ to solace himself ) ! belief t x might be ( use at a p]iod :5 ! public wor%ip ( ,god w\ld be no long] tol]at$ 9 ! l&4 ,to ! great bulk ( ! p ( ,su!rl& t "t seems to h already come4 ,!y "k1 h[ev]1 ! value ( ! old div9es1 & h n a few ( _! m practical treatises translat$ into _! own expressive tongue3 ,alle9e's ,al>m1 ,bo/on's ,f\rfold ,/ate1 ,doddridge's ,rise & ,progress1 ,baxt]'s ,call1 ,gu?rie's ,sav+ ,int]e/4 ,let ^!1 & su* z ^!1 be _! prea*]s1 :5 !y c procure no o!r4 ,! m !y le>n to reli% !m1 ! less w !y reli% ! bald & mis]able s]vices ( ! ,residu>y ,*ur*4 ,let !m hold _! fell[%ip & pray] meet+s2 let !m keep up ! wor%ip ( ,god 9 _! families2 ! cause ( religi\s fre$om 9 ! di/rict is involv$ 9 ! /& :i* !y make4 ,above all1 let !m possess _! s\ls 9 pati5ce4 ,we are n unacqua9t$ ) ! ,celtic "*1 z develop$ 9 ! ,highl&s ( ,scotl&4 ,highl&]s1 up to a c]ta9 po9t1 are ! mo/ docile1 pati5t1 endur+ ( m52 b t po9t once pass$1 endurance ceases1 & ! all too g5tle lamb />ts up an angry lion4 ,! _s is /irr$ t madd5s at ! sight ( ! nak$ weapon1 & t1 9 its headlong ru% ^u ! enemy1 discipl9e c nei!r *eck nor control4 ,let our oppress$ ,highl&]s ( ,su!rl& bew>e4 ,!y h suff]$ mu*2 b1 s f> z man is ! ag5t1 _! battles c be f\ght on only ! ar5a ( public op9ion1 & on t gr\nd :i* ! political field may be soon f\nd to furni%4 ,any explosion ( viol5ce on _! "p w\ld be ru9 to bo? ! ,free ,*ur* & !mselves4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,h[ is ! battle ( religi\s fre$om to be be/ f\ght 9 behalf ( ! oppress$ p ( ,su!rl&8 ,we %all attempt ?r[+ out a few simple sugge/ions on ! subject1 :i*1 if 9 ! "r track1 ! read] may f9d x easy to foll[ up & mature4 ,fir/1 !n1 let u rememb] t 9 ?is c\ntry1 9 :i* op9ion is all-pot5t1 & :i* = at lea/ a c5tury & a half has be5 ! envy ( cont95tal /ates = ! degree ( religi\s fre$om :i* x enjoys1 ! policy ( ! ,duke ( ,su!rl& _c be kn[n )\t be+ condemn$4 ,! curr5t :i* he opposes has be5 scoop+ out its *annel = ages4 ,e great m9d produc$ by ,brita91 f ! times ( ,milton & ,locke d[n to ! times ( ,mack9to% & ( ,*alm]s1 has be5 giv+ x impetus 9 b "o direction2 & x is sc>ce likely t x w rev]se its c\rse n[1 at ! bidd+ ( a few intol]ant & n>r[-m9d$ ari/ocrats4 ,briti% op9ion has b to be fairly appeal$ to1 9 ord] to decl>e /rongly 9 fav\r ( ! oppress$ ,highl&]s ( ,su!rl&4 ,:at we w\ld fir/ rem>k1 !n1 is1 t ! policy ( 8 ,grace ! ,duke _c be too widely expos$4 ,! press & ! plat=m mu/ be employ$4 ,! frank & g5]\s ,engli% mu/ be told1 t t law ( religi\s tol]ation :i* did s mu* at a comp>atively e>ly p]iod to elevate ! "* ( _! c\ntry 9 ! eye ( ! _w1 & :i*1 9 ^! latt] times1 m5 h be5 accu/om$ to reg>d z some:at less1 aft] all1 ?an an adequate embodim5t ( ! rights ( consci5ce1 has be5 virtually repeal$ 9 a popul\s & v ext5sive di/rict ( ! ,briti% empire1 ?r\gh a caprici\s ex]cise ( p[] on ! "p ( a s+le man4 ,:y1 x has be5 ask$1 9 a matt] :i* lies betwe5 ,god & consci5ce1 & betwe5 ,god & ! consci5ce only1 %\ld a ?ird p>ty be p]mitt$ to int]f]e s f> z ev5 to say1 ',i tol]ate y8 ,i tol]ate y\r ,indep5d5cy--y\r ,episcopacy--y\r ,presbyt]ianism3 y are a ,bapti/1 b ,i tol]ate y8' ,!re is an insult impli$1 x has be5 said1 9 ! way 9 :i* ! lib]ty purports to be grant$4 ,x be/[s z a boon :at already exi/s z a "r4 ,we want no despot to tell u t he gives u leave to brea! ! free air ( heav51 or t he p]mits u to wor%ip ,god agreeably to ! dictates ( our consci5ce4 ,su* are ! views ) :i* a majority ( ! ,briti% p reg>d1 9 ^! latt] times1 ! "r to tol]ate2 & reg>d+ a "r ,,n to tol]ate1 !y mu/ be m decid$ /ill4 ,! ,free ,*ur*1 !n1 mu/ lay h] compla9t be=e !m4 ,%e mu/ tell !m1 t su* is ! oppression to :i* h] p are subject$1 t %e w\ld be b too happy to see ev5 ! begg>ly elem5ts ( ! "q recognis$ 9 _! behalf2 t %e w\ld be b too happy to he> ! despot ( a prov9ce pron\nce ! deprecat$ ',i tol]ate y1' see+ t 8 virtual enunciation at pres5t is1 ',i d ,,n tol]ate y1' & see+ t he is p[]ful en\gh1 ?r\gh a misapplication ( 8 rights & influ5ce z ! mo/ ext5sive ( ,briti% proprietors1 to give t]rible effect to ! unju/ & illib]al det]m9ation4 ,! ,free ,*ur*1 on ?is "q1 mu/ raise h] appeal ev]y:]e to public op9ion1 & we ent]ta9 no d\bt t %e w ev]y:]e f9d x h] fri5d4 ,b h[ is its p[] to be direct$8 ,h[ br+ x to be> ^u ! ,duke ( ,su!rl&8 ,x is an all-pot5t lev]1 b x mu/ be furni%$ ) a fulcrum on :i* to re/1 & a direction 9 :i* to be>4 ,let u rem>k1 fir/1 t no signal privilege or "r 0 ev] yet a*iev$ = ,brita91 t 0 n prec$$ by "s signal wrong4 ,f ! times ( ,magna ,*>ta d[n to ! times ( ! ,revolution1 we f9d e triumph ( lib]ty h]ald$ 9 by "s gross outrage ^u x4 ,! hi/ory ( ! ,briti% ,con/itution is a hi/ory ( great natural rights e/abli%$ piecemeal "u ! imm$iate prompt+s ( an indignation elicit$ by unbe>able wrongs4 ,x 0 n until ! b>ri] t protect$ ! privileges ( ! citiz5 f ! w ( ! despot gave way at "s weak po9t1 t ! p>ties expos$ to ! inundation 7 r\s$ up to re-erect x on a bett] pr9ciple & a sur] f\ndation4 ,n[1 ! ,duke ( ,su!rl& 7) "s ( 8 bro!r proprietors7 has j succe$$ 9 %[+ u a signal flaw 9 our s*eme ( religi\s tol]ation1 & ?is at an exce$+ly critical "t4 ,he has be5 p]petrat+ a great & palpable wrong1 :i*1 if rightly repres5t$1 mu/ h ! effect ( lead+ m51 9 exactly ! old mode1 to ar\se !mselves 9 behalf ( ! correspond+ "r4 ,if a s+le proprietor c virtually d :at ! sov]eign ( ,great ,brita9 w\ld =feit ! cr[n = b>ely attempt+ to d--if a s+le nobleman c d :at ! ,h\se ( ,lords 9 its aggregate capacity w\ld p]il its v exi/5ce = b propos+ to d--!n does !re exi/ 9 ! ,briti% ,con/itution a palpable flaw1 :i* _c be too soon rem$i$4 ,!re mu/ be a weak place 9 ! b>ri]1 if ! wat]s be ru%+ out2 & x _c be too soon rebuilt on a sur] plan4 ,"h1 !n1 evid5tly1 is ! po9t on :i* ! g5]at$ op9ion ought to be br\ght to be>4 ,x has z its prop] ar5a ! political field4 ,x is a defect 9 ! ,briti% ,con/itution1 /rongly exemplifi$ by ! case ( ,su!rl&1 t ! rights ( prop]ty may be s /ret*$ z to ov]be> ! rights ( consci5ce--t ?\gh tol]ation be ! law ( ! l& g5]ally1 x may be s set aside by ! c\ntry's propriet>y1 z n to be ! law 9 any p>ticul> "p ( x2 & to rev]se ?is /ate ( ?+s--to make provision 9 ! ,con/itution t ! rights ( ! proprietor be n s ov]/ret*$1 & t a virtual repeal ( ! tol]ation laws 9 any "p ( ! c\ntry be n possible--are palpably ! objects to :i* ! public m9d %\ld be direct$4 ,we h said t ! ,duke ( ,su!rl& has succe$$ 9 %[+ u ?is flaw 9 ! ,con/itution at a peculi>ly critical "t4 ,a g5tleman resid5t 9 ,engl&1 = ^: judgm5t we ent]ta9 ! highe/ respect1 told u only a few days s9ce1 t ! ris+1 all-absorb+ p>ty ( t k+dom1 s f> at lea/ z ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur* & ! ari/ocracy are conc]n$1 /ill cont9ues to be ! ,puseyite p>ty4 ,if ,puseyism does n bid fair to possess a majority ( ! p ( ! c\ntry1 x bids fair at lea/ to possess a majority ( its acres4 ,& we ne$ sc>ce rem9d ! read] h[ peculi>ly ?is may be ! case ) ,scotl&1 ^: acres1 9 su* l>ge proportions1 are "u ! control ( an incipi5t ,puseyism already4 ,9 bo? c\ntries1 !re=e1 is x ( peculi> importance1 9 a "t l ! pres5t1 t ! law ( tol]ation %\ld be plac$ beyond ! control ( a ho/ile or illib]al propriet>y--s plac$ beyond _! control1 t !y may be z unable virtually to susp5d its op]ation 9 any "p ( ! c\ntry1 z !y already are to susp5d its op]ation 9 ! :ole ( ! c\ntry4 ,we are recomm5d+1 be x rememb]$1 no wild s*eme ( ,*>ti/ aggression on ! rights ( prop]ty--we w\ld b injure our cause by do+ s3 our /r5g? 9 ?is "q mu/ altoge!r dep5d on ! s\ndness ( ! appeal :i* we c c>ry to ! natural ju/ice ( ! community4 ,we m]ely recomm5d t t be done 9 behalf ( ! already recognis$ law ( tol]ation1 :i* ,p>liam5t has no hesitation 9 do+ 9 behalf ( "s railway or canal1 or wat] or dock company1 :51 = :at is deem$ a public good1 x sets aside ! absolute control ( ! proprietor ov] at lea/ a portion ( 8 prop]ty1 & consigns x at a fair price to ! corporation engag$ 9 ! und]tak+4 ,! pr9ciple ( ! s*eme is already recognis$ by ! ,con/itution1 & its legislative embodim5t w\ld be at once easy & safe4 ,prop]ty w\ld be r5d]$ n less1 b m secure1 if1 9 e in/ance 9 :i* a regul>ly-organiz$ congregation ( any d5om9ation ( ,*ri/ians to :i* ! law ( tol]ation itself ext5d$1 made application = gr\nd on :i* to erect a place ( wor%ip1 ! application w\ld be back$ & made effectual1 9 virtue ( an enact$ law1 by ! au?ority ( ! ,con/itution4 ,!re is no ,scot* or ,engli% ,diss5t]--no true fri5d ( religi\s lib]ty 9 ,brita9 or ,irel&--:o w\ld n make common cause ) ! ,free ,*ur* 9 urg+ a measure ( ?is "* on ,p>liam5t1 :5 fairly conv9c$1 by cases su* z t ( ,su!rl&1 h[ imp]atively su* a measure is requir$4 ,unavoidably1 h[ev]1 f ! nature ( ?+s1 ! relief :i* ultimately may be ?us secur$ _c be o!r ?an di/ant relief4 ,mu* in=mation mu/ fir/ be spread1 & ! press & ! plat=m ext5sively employ$4 ,c !re be no?+ done = ,su!rl& ?r\gh an already exi/+ political ag5cy8 ,we are ( op9ion !re c4 ,su!rl& itself is ev5 m ?or\ghly a close c\nty n[1 ?an x 0 ere ! ,re=m ,bill _h swamp$ ! pap] votes1 & swept away ! close burghs4 ,8 ,grace ! ,duke has b to nom9ate 8 memb]1 & 8 memb] is /raightway return$4 ,b all ! political p[] :i*1 directly or indirectly1 8 ,grace possesses1 is n equally secure4 ,su!rl& is a close c\nty2 b ! ,nor!rn ,burghs are n rott5 burghs2 on ! contr>y1 !y possess an indep5d5t & intellig5t con/itu5cy2 & 9 sc>ce any "p ( ,scotl& is ! ,free ,*ur* equally /rong4 ,& 8 ,grace d]ives no inconsid]able portion ( 8 political influ5ce f !m4 ,! memb] = ,su!rl& is virtually 8 ,grace's nom9ee1 b ! memb] = ! ,nor!rn ,burghs is n 8 ,grace's nom9ee at all2 & yet c]ta9 x is t ! g5tleman by :om ^! burghs are at pres5t repres5t$ 9 ,p>liam5t is 8 ,grace's ag5t & advis] 9 all t p]ta9s to ! managem5t ( ,su!rl&1 & has be5 s = _m ye>s4 ,8 ,grace's memb] = ,su!rl& sits 9 ,p>liam5t 9 virtue ( be+ 8 ,grace's nom9ee2 b ! sort ( prime m9i/] ?r\gh :i* 8 ,grace gov]ns 8 pr9cely doma9s1 sits 9 ,p>liam5t1 n 9 virtue ( be+ 8 ,grace's nom9ee1 b 9 virtue ( 8 be+ himself a man ( lib]al op9ions1 & an enemy to all intol]ance4 ,he repres5ts !m 9 ! ,:ig int]e/1 & 9 8 "* z a ,:ig4 ,8 ,grace w\ld v soon h "o memb] less 9 ,p>liam5t1 did t memb] make common cause ) 8 ,grace 9 suppress+ ! ,free ,*ur* 9 ,su!rl&4 ,n[1 ! bruit %rewdly goe?1 t t memb] does make common cause ) 8 ,grace4 ,! bruit %rewdly goe?1 t 9 ?is1 z 9 mo/ o!r matt]s1 8 ,grace acts ^u t memb]'s advice4 ,true1 ! report may be altoge!r idle--x may be utt]ly )\t f\ndation2 in/ead ( be+ true1 x may be exactly ! rev]se ( be+ true2 b mo/ unque/ionable x is1 t1 :e!r true or o!rwise1 x exi/s1 & t t memb]'s con/itu5cy h a v direct int]e/ 9 x4 ,he repres5ts !m mis]ably ill1 & mu/ be a v diff]5t sort ( ,:ig f !m1 if he hold t proprietors d "r 9 virtually sett+ aside ! ,tol]ation ,act4 ,! report does "o ( two ?+s1--x ei!r does him great inju/ice1 or x %[s t he has sat too long 9 ,p>liam5t = ! ,nor!rn ,burghs4 ,x is 9 ! p[]1 !n1 ( ! highly respectable & intellig5t ,:ig con/itu5cy ( ?is di/rict to make su* a div]sion 9 fav\r ( ! oppress$ p ( ,su!rl&1 z c sc>ce fail to tell ^u ! c\ntry1 & ?is 9 ?or\gh consi/5cy ) ! be/ & highe/ pr9ciples ( _! p>ty4 ,let !m put !mselves 9 in/ant communication ) _! memb]1 &1 /at+ ! "* ( ! report :i* s g5]ally exi/s to 8 prejudice1 reque/ a categorical answ] reg>d+ x1--let !m reque/ an av[al ( 8 op9ion ( ! ,duke's policy1 equally articulate ) t op9ion :i* ! ,hon4 ,mr4 ,fox ,maule submitt$ to ! public a few weeks ago 9 ! columns ( ! ,witness1--& !n1 z ! asc]ta9$ circum/ances ( ! case may direct1 let !m act1 & t publicly1 9 /rict accordance ) _! pr9ciples4 ,( "o ?+ !y may be assur$1--! example w tell4 ,9 ord] to raise ! necess>y am\nt ( op9ion = c>ry+ ! ult]ior object--! enactm5t ( a law--!re are v>i\s mo/ ju/ifiable exp$i5ts to :i* ! fri5ds ( tol]ation 9 ! c\ntry %\ld f9d x n difficult to resort4 ,petitions address$ to ! ,l[] ,h\se 9 its legislative capacity1 & to ! memb]s ( ! ,upp] ,h\se z a body ( m5 :o h1 p]haps1 ( all o!rs ! mo/ direct /ake 9 ! matt]--we ne$ sc>ce say h[--ought1 ( c\rse1 to take a v obvi\s place on ! li/4 ,mu*1 too1 might be done by deputations f ! ,g5]al ,assembly ( ! ,free ,*ur*1 in/ruct$ f "t to "t to asc]ta91 & !n publicly to report on1 ! /ate ( ,su!rl&4 ,ea* meet+ ( ! ,assembly might be address$ on ! subject by "s ( its able/ m51 9 :i* case _! /atem5ts & spee*es w\ld g =?1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! press1 to ! c\ntry at l>ge4 ,! co-op]ation & assi/ance ( all bodies ( evangelical ,diss5t]s1 bo? at home & abroad1 %\ld be s$ul\sly s\ght aft]1 & correct in=mation on ! subject circulat$ among !m ext5sively4 ,!re has be5 mu* sympa?y elicit$ = ! ,*ur*1 dur+ h] long /ruggle1 among good m5 ev]y:]e4 ,h] cause has be5 tri$1 & judgm5t giv5 9 h] fav\r1 9 ,france1 ,holl&1 & ,am]ica1 & 9 n a few ( ! colonies4 ,9 ! case ( ,sismondi ',on ! ,cle>+ ( ,su!rl&1' we see ! op9ion ( a cont95tal philosoph] re-e*o$ back ^u our own c\ntry1 n )\t its m>k$ effect2 & x might be well to try :e!r ! effect ( =eign op9ion might n be at lea/ equally influ5tial ',on ! ,suppression ( ! ,tol]ation ,laws 9 ,su!rl&4' ,!re is "o great c\ntry ) :i* we hold our lit]ature 9 common1 & :i* we c address1 & by :i* we c be 9 turn address$1 9 our native tongue4 ,unluckily1 :at ought to h exi/$ z a bond ( union & amity has be5 made to subs]ve a v diff]5t purpose2 & we _c conceal f ourselves ! fact1 t our own c\ntry has be5 ma9ly to blame4 ,! mann]s1 habits1 & ta/es ( ! ,am]icans h be5 exhibit$1 by n a few ( our popul> writ]s1 9 ! broade/ /yle ( c>icature2 !y h be5 describ$ z a nation ( unpr9cipl$ speculators1 devoid n only ( "r feel+1 b ev5 ( common hone/y1 & rem>kable = b _! sc\ndrelism & conceit4 ,ev5 7 su* descriptions j1 :i* !y are n1 mo/ assur$ly w\ld !y be unwise4 ,x is ! ,am]ican p1 r ?an ! ,am]ican gov]nm5t1 :o make peace & w>2 & ! fir/ ,am]ican w> ) ,engl& w be "o ( ! mo/ =midable 9 :i* ?is c\ntry has yet be5 engag$4 ,! b[ie-knife is no trifl+ weapon2 & ! ,engli% writ] laughs at a v consid]able exp5se1 if 8 satires h ! effect ( :ett+ x4 ,at pres5t1 h[ev]1 ! w> betwe5 ! two c\ntries is b a w> ( libel & pasqu9ade1 & ! advantage hi!rto has be5 on ! side ( ! aggressor4 ,am]ica has n be5 happy 9 h] retaliation4 ,we w\ld fa9 direct h] to aim :]e h] d>ts1 in/ead ( provok+ national ho/ility1 or excit+ a bitt] _s among ! entire p ( a c\ntry1 w\ld b subs]ve ! g5]al cause ( lib]ty & human improvem5t4 ,x is b idle to satirize our mann]s & cu/oms2 we ?9k !m good4 ,!re is no?+ to be ga9$ by ca/+ ridicule on our peculi> modes ( ?9k+2 !y are ! modes to :i* we h be5 accu/om$1 & we pref] !m to any o!rs4 ,b !re are matt]s ( a diff]5t k9d1 reg>d+ :i* ! c\ntry be>s a consci5ce1 & is n q at its ease2 & !re we are vuln]able4 ,we speak (t51 we w\ld fa9 say1 ( slav]y 9 y\r c\ntry1 lit]ati ( ,am]ica1 & ju/ly deem x a great evil4 ,x might d u good 7 y to rem9d u1 9 turn1 t !re are ext5sive di/ricts 9 our own1 9 :i* virtually !re exi/s no tol]ation law = ! religion ( ! p1 ?\gh t religion be ,prote/antism 9 its pure/ =m4 ,ca/ y\r eyes ^u ! c\nty ( ,su!rl&4 ,,! ,,end4 ,,murray ,,& ,,gibb1 ,,ed9burgh1 ,,pr9t]s ,,to ,,h] ,,maje/y',s ,,/ation]y ,,(fice4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes3 ,typographical problems h be5 *ang$ & are li/$ bel[4 ,au?or's ar*aic & v>iable spell+ is pres]v$4 ,au?or's punctuation /yle is pres]v$4 ,passages 9 italics indicat$ by und]scores4 ,transcrib] ,*anges3 7,sign$7 ',,?omas ,,*alm]s4'9999 ,,add$ ,,extra ,,clos+ ,,s+le-,,quote s*ools ( ! place3 ! committee1 ?r\gh _! *airman9999 ,0 '*air man' ov] l9e1 ,saxe-,cob\rg-,go?a9999 ,0 ',saxe-,cob\rg ,go?a' grants to 8 subjects a repres5tative old ,babyloni% bea/1 horrid ) ! blood9999 ,0 'bood' ( sa9ts1 ,!y dropp$1--& h5ce ,! ,holy ,hav59999 ,add$ clos+ d\ble-quote entranc$1 "u ! influ5ces9999 ,0 'infl5ces' ( fairy-l&1 9 "s ,god agreeably9999 ,0 'agreebly' to ! dictates ( our consci5ce4 ,su* are